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Webster s academic dictionary : a dictio
3 6105 04919 6921
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\VEBSTER'S
ACADEMIC
DICTIONARY
►
\
WEBSl
A NEW BOO
The Authentic
of X864, 1879, and
Thoroughly Revise
D.D., LL.D., of \
name of
Web
Editorial work
Ten Years.
Not less than
upon it.
Over $300,000 e>
Critical compar
The yarions Bindli
i^*IIliistTated Pampl
■:'rzr?^^^-Tzr^^yt.., ^. .^
<^^
IliJIi flij
SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
LIBRARY
II lllll
TEXTBOOK COLLECTION
GIFT OF
THE PUBLISHERS
I
STANFORD V^p/ U N I V E R S I T Y
LIBRARIES
The retell price of this book is $
Published by
G. & C. MERRIAM & CO., Springfield, Mass., U. S. A.
[>7»8]
Also Webster^ Nstionsl Piotorisl DietioiuuT. 600 Bngravliigs.
WEBSTER'S
SCHOOL DICTIONARIES
New Editions
Webster's Primary School Dictionary. Cloth, 4j^x6X in. 336 pp.,
Webster's Common School Dictionary. Cloth, 5X^6^ in. 432 pp.,
Webster's High School Dictionary. Cloth, 5^*7^ in. 560 pp., .
Webster's Academic Dictionary. Cloth. 6>^ x 8X in. 73^ PP*» • •
?o.48
.73
. .98
. 1.50
Webster's School Dictionaries in their revised form constitute a
progressive series, carefully graded and specially adapted for Primary
Schools, Common Schools, High Schools, Academies, etc. They
have all been thoroughly revised, entirely reset, and made to conform
in all essential points to the great standard authority— Webster'*
International Dictionary.
The American Standard. — From the earliest days of the Republic,
Webster's Dictionary has been the universal and acknowledged
standard in American education. From its first publication all the
leading American school-books have conformed in spelling, pro-
nunciation and definition to Webster.
Officially Recommended. — Webster's Dictionaries have been indorsed
and recommended by the official or educational authorities of nearly
every state in the Union. Nearly every purchase of dictionaries
made by National or State authority has been of Webster.
Highest Indorsements. — Webster's Dictionaries have been indorsed
by nearly all the college presidents and leading educators and literary
men of the United States and Canada.
A Text-Book in Schools. — In view of these facts. School Officers
and Teachers should make the use of Webster's School Dictionaries
as general in their schools as any other text-book.
Copies of Webstef's School Dictionaries will he sent^ prepaid^ to any cuidress on receipt
of the price by the Publishers :
AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY
NEW YORK ♦ CINCINNATI ♦ CHICAGO
LELAKD fSiAi\£Lil.-.> :^^^^^
UNIVERSITY
(\) 0(xV ^thmt*si acaDemtc H^tanatt
DEPAETMENT OF EDUOATION
LELAiro 8TANF0W) J#NIOB UUIYEBSITI
DICTIONARY
OF THE
ENGLISH LANGUAGE
GIVING THE DERIVATIONS, PRONUNCIATIONS, DEFINITIONS
AND SYNONYMS OF A LARGE VOCABULARY OF
THE WORDS IN COMMON USE
WITH AN APPENDIX CONTAINING VARIOUS
USEFUL TABLES
ABRIDGED FROM
WEBSTER'S INTERNATIONAL
DICTIONARY
Of^£/i 800 ILLUSTRATIONS
NEW YORK •:. CINCINNATI •:• CHICAGO
AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY
SPRINGFIELD, MASS.: G. & C. MERRIAM CO.
:^ V
594359
C
Coiijrigfat, 1886,
9t O. & 0. MKRRTAM COMPANT.
AT STATIOHnS* HAIA.
lAU rights rturved.]
w. p. 15
PREFACE.
Although this edition of Webster^s Academic Dictionary is an entirely new book
abridged directly from Webster^s International Dictionary, care has been taken to
preserve in it the essential features of the former Webster *s Academic Dictionary
(originally prepared by Mr. William G. Webster and later revised by Mr.
William A. Wheeler) which have made it a favorite as a comprehensive dictionary
of small size and cost. The alterations consist chiefly in the increase of the amount
of matter, the improvements in typography, the method of indicating pronunciation,
the use of new and better illustrations (the number has been increased from 350 to
over 800), and other changes intended either to improve the appearance of the
work, or to make it more serviceable, accurate, and complete.
The excellent typography of the International has been entirely adopted, and
the page has been printed with two instead of three columns, which not only
improves the appearance and promotes the facility of reference, but also gives room
for the insertion of larger illustrations.
The enlargement of the vocabulary, made possible by the addition of more than
150 pages and by the omission of the definitions of some self-explaining deriva-
tives, has permitted the introduction not only of new definitions and literary words,
but also of the many modem scientific terms which have found their way into
common use.
The pronunciation is clearly shown by respelling the words with diacritically
marked letters whose sounds are explained in the key lines at the bottom of the
pages, and more fully in the Guide to Pronunciation. Even the sounds of vowels
in unaccented syllables have been indicated.
In definition great care has been taken to follow the excellent Websterian tradi-
tion of giving a clear descriptive definition of the word, avoiding as far as possible
definition by synonyms alone. At the same time greater fullness has been g^iven
to the lists of synonyms following the descriptive definitions, and to discriminations
between synonyms.
The etymologies are concise, as necessitated by the scope of the work, but are
believed to be in accordance with the most advanced scholarship. It will be noted
that words spelled alike but derived from different sources, have been given under
different vocabulary entrances, as in the case of cock^ sail, sounds etc.
The list of prefixes and sufiixes has been enlarged and the etymology of each in-
dicated, and typical examples, carefully selected, have been given for each meaning.
It may be used by teacher and scholar as a safe guide to the study of the formation
of derivative words, and as a key to the meaning of many derivatives which are out
of place in a vocabulary of this size.
In the appendix it will be observed that much space has been saved by con-
solidating into one the various pronouncing vocabularies of proper names.
Especial attention has been devoted to amplifying and perfecting the lists of
abbreviations, foreign quotations, and mythological personages.
It has been the special purpose in the present revision to meet the demand made
by teachers and by the students at colleges, academies, and high schools for a re-
liable dictionary of ready reference, giving etymologies, pronunciations, definitions
and synonyms, comprehensive and authoritative yet concise, and at the same time
to adapt the book to the needs of the office and countingroom. The work is sub-
mitted to the public with the belief that this end has been attained.
CONTENTS.
PREFACE '. . . Hi
GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION y-xix
Kbt to ths Symbols • . . . t
Thb Vowbla of thb Alpbabbt IK Dbtail yii
DiAGKAM of the Simplr Vowrl Soukds zu
The Consokants of the Alphabet (with the Covbovjlst Digraphs) in
Detail xii
Table of Consonant Elements zriii
Assimilation of Sounds xyiii
DcrpucATiON of Consonants xriii
Accent xviii
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES xx-xxvu
RULES FOR SPELUNG CERTAIN CLASSES OP WORDS .... xxviii-xxxi
ABBREVIATIONS AND EXPLANATIONS xxni
A DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE
1-646
PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY OF PROPER NAMES .... 64&-672
CLASSIFICATION OF LANGUAGES 673, 674
QUOTATIONS, WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC., FROM THE GREEK,
THE LATIN, AND MODERN FOREIGN LANGUAGES .... 675-684
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING .... 686-692
A CONCISE ACCOUNT OF THE CHIEF DEITIES, HEROES, ETC., IN
THE GREEJJ AND ROMAN MYTHOLOGY 693-701
ARBITRARY SIGNS USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING .... 702-704
GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION.
KEY TO THE SYMBOLS.
In the RE8PELLIN0 FOR PRONUNCIATION in the Dictionary, there is employed ~m ahown in Uie Tebto
— a lymbol for erery clear vowel or diphthongal sound in the language ; with, in four instances, a pair of eqidvalents
for the same sound as occurring in different situatioos, viz. : || = 4Sb; \i = <jb; 6 = %; and j^ (final) = I ; besidee
a and e, italitiied, as these Towels are in certain cases obscured and turned toward the neutral form ; also, apostrophe
for tiie voice-glide ; and N to indicate foreign nasalised vowels ; — some of the sounds occurring only in accented and
others only in unaccented syllables, and some others, with but slight difference of quality, in both. The ft, ft, and
ft are used to represent the similar sounds in foreign words, but not limited as they are in English to unaccented
syllable. The ^ is employed, as the nearest English vowel we have, inexact as it is, to replace u French and tt
German ; and in like manner the 9 for the eu French and tt Oerman.
The cons(mant letters b, d, f, h, J, k, I, m, p, r, t, t, i«r, and y, and the digraphs sh and ns, are used
with theix ordinary normal value ; s> f>f z, and cli are each limited to a single sound ; n and th, are marked for
one aoand of each and used unmarked for the other. No use is made of c, q, x, or the digraphs ph, i^, dff, and
irb. The principal substitutions of the consonant symbols used in the respelliug are noted in the Table.
. . ale, fate, lalior, cha'os, diSmnber, pft'tri-ar'eluil.
. . ■en'ftte, prefAce, del'l-eftte, ftr^'ri-al, ehft-ot'le, Bal'a-tft-rj.
. . c&re, sliAre, plUr'ent, com-p&re', pIow'aliAjre', beAr, &ir.
. . ftm, ftdd, tat, r&n'dom, &trtAck', fte-eept', re'Ad-mli'.
. . arm, fttr, ftt'Uier, mUr'tyr, iili. Urns, ilrt, pftlm.
. . &sk, srass, dAnce, a-bate', A-mer'l-ca, so'tA, bot'ft-ny.
. . ll'nal, In'fant, cold'ance, Tal'lant, liiulKiiid, mad'oni.
. . 9II, %we, sw^rm, t%lk, drf^ivr.
. STe, mSte, ge-r^ne', liS'Il-oin'e-ter.
. ft-Tenr, dft-pelid^ orft-ate', soHsl'ft-tj, dft-lln'ft-ate, ift-raiie^.
. £nd, mfit, £x-€U8e', ef-face', ear'pfit, eon'dem-na'iloii.
. fSrn, liSr, Sr'mlne, pSr-vSrt', eT^r, in'fSr-enoe.
. re'cent, de'cen-cy, pra-dence, peu'l-tent, noVeL
. fee, time, Msht, bind, lu-BpIre', Jtu'tl-fl'a-ble.
. t-de'a, trt-bu'nal, dt-am'e-ter, bt-oFo-sy.
. ni, pin, pit'y, ad'mlt', bablt, dl-Tlde', In-flnl-tlve.
. . 91d, nttte, r9w, bSId, S^ver, pro-pSse', I5'oo-m9'tlTei
. ft-bey', tft*bac'o6, sor'rftiT, a-nafft-my, prft-pone'.
. ftrb, I6rd, ftr'der, landlord', ab-hdr', ab-bdr'rliis.
. ttdd, nttt, tttr'rid, fttr'est, tto-enr', ln'c5r>reet'.
. Use, pure, mOte, tflne, dO'ty, bO'man, aa-sftmc^
. fl-nlte', ao'tft-ate, ed-fl-ca'tlon, bfl-mane'.
. rude, rn'mor, ln-tn|de'.
. f^ll, p^t, p^sli, f^l-flll', Joy'fvl. In'strv-meiit.
. . ftp, tttb, stttd'y, On'der, •Ob-mlt^, lii'da»-tvy.
. tim, ftlrl, eon-eftr', bftm.
. pit't, in'Jnrt, dl-vin'i-tj^.
. f4Sbd, miTon, tdbh n<>bn, ivrtfo'lnff.
. f<^t« w<A>l, b<A>k, s<^<i> crtfbk'ed.
. ont, thou, de-voiur'.
. . oil, nois^y, a-Told', re-Jolce', em-broid'ev-y, BoKter.
N , representing simply the nasal tone (as in French or Portuguese) of the preceding vowel ; as in entembto
(iiir'dtN'b*!). Intrigante (Sif^tr^giiict^).
' (for voice^lide), as in pardon (pXr'd'n), en ten (Sf'n), ertl (VvH).
▼
i.
as in .
ft,
,» „ •
ft,
f. If •
&,
n »t •
ii.
M „ •
ft.
H ,1 •
«,
»♦ ,f •
••
n f, •
s,
»f ,t •
ft,
», M •
«,
tf ,» •
ft,
*, M •
e,
,, „ •
1.
„ „ •
t.
», „ •
I,
„ „ •
5,
„ „ •
ft.
„ „ •
ft,
„ „ •
ft,
„ ,* •
II,
„ „ •
ft.
n „ •
Jh
„ ,» •
V.
f, ,» •
%
« w •
A,
»t „ •
r
„ „ •
00,
„ „ •
rfb,
„ „ •
on,
,» „ •
©1,
If »» •
vi GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION.
B(hard): m in ffo, beffln, sreat, anger ; for gu, m in guArd ; forgue,Minplagae; for gh, m in ghost.
■ (Mird, or sharp) : as in so, this, haste; (or c, as in cell, vice ; for ae, as in scene, sclenoe ; f or ss, as in hits,
s (like s sonant) : aainBone,haze; f or s, as in Is, lives, iwrlao, mosle, ears, llgs ; f or z, as in Xenophon,
xylography,
eh (= tsh) : as in chair, much ; for tch, as in match, etching,
sh: for ch, as in nsaehlne, chaise, chandelier ; for ce, as in ocean ; for d, as in social ; for icl, as in
conscious; for s, as in sure ; for se, as in nauseous; for si, as in pension ; for ss, as in issue ; for
ssi, as in passion ; f or tl, as in nation,
ah (=: sh made sonSnt) : for z, as in azure ; for zl, as in glazier, brazier ; for s, as in pleasure, usual;
for si, as in vitflon ; for ssi, as in abscission ; for g, as in rouge, cortege.
J (= dzh) : f or g, as in gem, giant, engine ; for gi and ge, as in religion, ptgeon ; f or di, as in soldier ;
for dg, as in edge, knoiwrledge.
k : for ch, as in chorus, epoch, anarchy ; for c, as in cat, cube ; for ok, as in pack, dnek ; for qn, as
in conquer, coquette ; for que, as in pique, oblique,
k' w : for qu, as in queen, quit, quality.
ks (surd) : for z, as in vex, exit, perplex, dextrous.
gs (sonant) : f or x, as in exist, exact, example,
f : for ph, as in philosophy, triumph ; for gh, as in laugh, rough.
hiT : for wh, as in ivhat, ivhy, ivhere.
t : for ed, as In baked, crossed, capped ; for th, as in thyme, Thomas,
n (the ordinary sound) : as in no, none, man, many,
ng : as in long, singer ; for ngue, as in tongue.
Q (like ng) : for n before the sound of k or hard g, as in bank, Junction, linger, sln^A*
th (surd) : as in thin, through, Mrealth, ivrorth, breath, ivrldth.
tib (sonant) : for th, as in then, though, this, smooth, breathe.
NoTS. Foreign consonant sounds are represented by the nearest English equivalents.
AooBSTt AVD HTPmnrs. The principal accent is indicated by a heavy mark (0, and the secondary accent by
a Ughter mark (0, at the end of the syUable. Syllabic diriaion is otherwise indicated by a light bypheo ; ahesTier
hyphen joins the members of oompoiuid words.
The Table here appended, together with the preceding TaUe, furnishes a method of INDICATINO PRO-
NUNCIATION WITHOUT RESPELLINO. It is, in ito main features, the same as that employed in pxevions edi-
tions of the Dictionary, and will serve except in the case of a oompantively few words, which must be respelled.
Use Is made of It in this Gums to Pbohtncxatioh.
To each of the symbols here given, the equivalent is added that takes its place in the respelUng (thus : ^ = ft,
etc ; whft = i«rh6t, etc. ; c = k, etc.). The unmarked letter In a digraph is to be taken as If silent; as
in breSk, brSad, hSll, yield, Tgil. etc. Silent e at the end of syllables, as In fate, etc., or hi the -ed of
preterits and participles, as in baked, burned, etc, need not be marked.
The method has diacritical marks applied to such consonant letters and digraphs as offer especial and frequent
occasion for their use. Certain syllables, as tlon, slon, tlal, dal, etc., which would naturally be correctly jpro-
nonnced, need not be marked or respelled. The sounds, as described, of x, ph, qu, and i«rh, unmarked, are what
these oharacters will usually, but not invariably, represent.
9 (= 5), . . . . asin Whft, Was, Qu^ty, In'stfl-Wtion.
B, fi (= S), . . . . N II BiSht, Prfiy, Vfiln, O-bfiy', Un-f fiign'ed-ly.
B, 6 (= A), . . . . „ „ Th6re, Wh6re, H6ir, Wh6re-ln'.
Bw, ew (= II), . „ „ Ewe, Dew, Hewn, etc ; or (= ^), as in Breir.
Be, ee (= e), . . . n M E«l» Feet, Feel>Ie, Un-seen', Seeing.
¥ (= 8), „ „ PYqne, MarchYnC, Po-lYce'.
f , f (= «), „ „ Irk'some, Ftr, Bird, TIr'tue, Ttr-gin'i-ty, B-Iiztik
Q, fl (= db), . . . „ „ i>oze, Df^, WhQ, T^mb, Re-mffv'al.
9 (= tfb or If), „ „ W^If , W^m'an, W9VTer-tne', B^a'om.
6, 6 (= tt), . . . . „ „ dth'er, 86n, Wel'c6me, Wls'dAni, Can'n&n.
OWt oi«r(= on), . „ „ Oivl, Cow'ard, Vow'el, AMow', Bow'ivrow'.
Oy. oy (= oi), . . „ „ Oya'ter, Boy, Roy'al, En-Joy', An-noy'ance.
y (=!)» » H Fly, Sky, Style, De-^, Dying.
*. f (= I), „ „ tf tH-a, Ufmn, I^jh^ic, M^thoFo-gj^.
t (= S)« .» ., Mtrrh, Mfr'tle, SmTifv, Mar'tfrHlom.
GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION tH
Ci « (= k)f . • . . M In Cnt, Concur.
9,^(=»), „ „ 9eU,Ti^.
Ch, «li (= k), . . „ n Clionu, Epo«li.
Cli, ^ (= sb), . „ „ ^udM, Machine.
Q, t (= S), . . . . „ „ Get, Beflii, Anfer.
6, *(= J)» . . . . M M 6em, Bnilne.
f C= «) ,. ,. Iff H»|. wtfdom.
X (= ks) „ „ Vex. Exff
Ph. ph (= f) „ Phantom* Sjlph.
Ott, na (== kw), . „ „ QaooM, Conqnett.
Wk, wh (= kw), n tt wboB, Wkat
THE VOWELS OF THE ALPHABET IN DETAIL.
A.
f L A, ft: M in Sle, fSte, mSk^er, pro-fftno'. The ■ound !• oUmtwIm vepreMntad, m in pak^ day,
gaol, gauge, break, toU, wltoj, also aye (erer) ; and is Ibe name aoond of the letter. The TOwel ia oalled
"long a.'*
A ia diphtlioagal, ita initial element being nearly £ in ISiftd, and ita Tanlah 1 in lU or 8 in Sto.
Tbe Taniah la beaid moat diatinctly when the sound enda a word or an accenfeed ayllabie, and it Tartoa aooording
feo the nature of the conaonant by which it ia stopped.
The radical or initial element, somewhat widened, la the ezoeptlcaal sound of a hi many, any, Tbamee; and
ol al in laid, again, agalwtt. See §18.
§2. A, ft : a modification of the preceding TOwel in ayllablea without accent ; ranging between ft (Sle) and H
(tad) ; and nerer taking the nmiah. It oocura in the endinga -ace, -age ; aa, prefiee, aol'ftee, raT^ftge,
ad'ftse, etc The ending -ate, in the caae of Terba, takea ft (Sle), with accent, primary or aecoodary (though
with the secondary accent not marked in the Dictionary) ; aa, re-ISte^, ad'TO-efite (r.), em'a>lSte, eon'Jia-
Sftte (v.), ag^gge gSte (v.), etc. ; whUe, in the caae of nouns and adJectiTea, ft without the accent is commonly
used ; aa, aen^te, prelate, ad'vo-eftte (n.), ac^gre-cftte (n.), eon'Ju-cftte (a.) Also, ft often occurs aa
pieoeding another rowel — uauaUy accented — in the foUowhig ayUaUe ; aa, ft-e^-al, ekft-oile, Ju'dft^ltm.
In worda like mla'eel-lft-ny, aal'ii-tft-ry, snmp^u-ft-ry, the a, before ny or ry final, and with the pre-
ceding ayllable unaccented, has properly this sound ; but if the preceding syllable be accented, aa In bof a-ny,
dFa-ry, aal'a-ry, pri'ma-ry, boon'da-ry, the & aound (ao'fft), Is usually preferred ; yet In eon'tm-ry
and IFkra-ry the ft la the easier to giro, and in theee and some others of the class Is common and allowable.
In final ayUahlea, the tendency of the sound Is to pass through « to I, aa in vliaftse, •ur'fftce, etc, hi which
the ft is followed by a J or an ■ aound. The al in monn'taln, cap'taln, etc, hi the same way becomee
icni).
§8. A, ft : only In lyllaUea doaed by the aound of r and more or leaa atrongly accented ; as in cfUre, ikftre,
eom-pftre', plU/ent, pIow'akAre'. The aound la alao repreeented by 6 (tk6re); and otherwiae aa in air,
bear, heir, prayer.
The a before r doea not ordinarily take thia aound when the r precedes a rowel or another r hi the following
ajllable of the word ; aa in pftr'i-ty, pftr'ry, com-piir'l-aon, cki&r'l-ty, etc. But the sound remaina without
change by an added verb inflection or the suffix -er ; aa in com-pftr'inK, ■kftr'er ; and appeara exoeptiottaDy in
pftv^ent, pftr'ent^ace, cftr'lsk.
The aound ii the narrow correlate of the wide ft (ftm). It la not aimply a prolongation of that aound ; though,tf
we attempt auch prolongation, the organa naturally slide into a position which glrea the aound in queation.
The dilTereoce between this sound and that of ft may he readily distinguished by sounding the first syUaUe of
ekftrlty and the word ekalr.
Some orthogpists, aa Walker, Smart, Btormonth, Ellis, identify this sound with ft, or with % prolonged, but this
sound ii not now commonly given in the United Statea.
f 4. A, ft : aa b) ftm, ttdd, f ftt, rftn'dom, kftve, pftr'l-ty ; also in platd, gnar'an-ty, etc. ; the regular
*' short a.** It is usually followed by a doalng consonant aound, whether accented or unaccented.
Aa uvAOonmo, it ia more commonly found in initial doaed syUablee : aa in ftl-lode', ftt-tack^ ftn-nni'.
§ 6. X, ft: aa hi ftrm, fftr, ffttker, ttk, ftlmt, piUm, etc ; baring equiralenta aa in hearth, aont, guard,
etc ; called the •• Italian a.**
Thia ia the most open of all the rowd aounda. In ita formation the mouth and throat are opened widdy, and the
tongue is left in its natural poaltion of rest
viii GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION.
f 6. A, 4. This is the Mund to be preferred in certain words or syllablea ending in sk, IT, ft, ih, M, ip, ■!,
nee, nt, nd ; m, Ask* gtAlT, ffrikfl, p4Ui, pass, srisp, last, danise, elubit, com-miLnd' ; and in some
other cues; besidee its frequent use in unaccented syllables, — for one class of which it will in this Dictionary be
indicated by a, the Italic form of the letter. See § 7.
In organic position, & lies between ft in ftm, and ii in ftrm. The main part of the tongue is raised higher than
in iinn, and the mouth is not so widely opened.
In un ACCBVTBD 8TLLABLB8 this sound (A) is of frequent occurrence, though in rapid speech more or less obscured
and often falling into the neutral form.
In open syllables unaccented, as in &-rlse', dl'^-dcm, cA-lor'lc, inii't4-ble, bot'4-ny, Bal'4-ry, villi^
9«/tkt etc, the sound may be regarded as a brief and obscure form of ft.
§ 7. In final or medial syllables, unaccented, and closed by n, I, nt, nee, nd, a, u, et, p or ph or tt^ m, or d,
as in syl'Taii, va'ean-ey, mor'tal, loy'al, ra'cant, val'lant, cold'ance, hualiand, bl'ae, eom'pasa,
baFlaat, break'faat, Jal'ap, ■er'apli, mad'am, myr'i-ad, etc, the Itauo a is used hi the spelling for
pronunciation. See § 6.
§ 8. 4, 9 : as hi ^U* t%lk, Bw^rm, w«'ter, ap-p^l' ; otherwise represented hi haul, draw, awe ; ako in
6rb, b6m, bought, etc.
Tills is called the ** broad aound " of a, and is formed by a de|weasioD of the larynx and a consequent retracticm
of the tongue which enlarges the carity of the mouth posteriorly.
In the words salt, malt, quarrel, etc., as commonly heard, the sound of a falls between 5 hi not and y in
all (or is 1^ somewhat shortened).
§ 9. ^, 9 : as in wfs, wh^t, w^'der, w^low, qn^l-ty, etc. The sound Is identical with that of 5
(6dd, n5t), and ow in knowl'edge, etc. In the respelling for pronunciation, it will be represented by 5.
§ 10. fi, S: as hi Sve, mSte, con'crSte', etc. ; the name sound, baring equiralents as in feet, beam, de-
oelTe', peo'ple, key, Cse'sar, roa-ohlne', field, quay, Phoe'bus, Portu-guese', etc The Towel is called *' long
e.** In the formation of this element, the tongue Is ndsed conrexly within the dome of the palate, preasfang sgainst
its sides, and learing the smallest possible passage through which a Towel sound is uttered.
{ 11. 6, ^ : in unaccented syllables, as ^-vent', ^plt'o-m^, cr^te', d^lln'^te', ■o^l'i-ty ; shorter
thaa accented S (Sve), Terging towards, or sometimes eren reaching, I (111).
§ 12. E, $. This, hi genuine English words, occurs only with 1 or y added, so as to make a digraph ; as in
filKlit, prey, vein, etc The sound is identical with a in ale, and will be faidicated by S hi the respellhig.
In naturalised and half-naturalised foreign words, jm forte, llnale, abb^, ballet, eonsomm^, adobe,
anto-da-f ^, Jos^, and in the interjection eli and in a few other instances, we hare tlUs sound of e without the
Tsnish. In snoh cases, hi the respelling, it is indicated by the symbol ft.
f 13. E, II : as in Cnd, p€t, tdn, Cr'ror, etc. ; otherwise as in featl/er, heifer, leop'ard, friend, di-aer'e-ais,
as'a-foet'i-da, bur'y, gueas, a'ny, lalJ, etc. ; called *' short e." The syllable is usually closed by a consonant
sound.
This is not the short sound of C in ire, but the initial or radical sound, somewhat widened, of the diph-
thongal ft. It Is made by arching up the tongue under the hard paUte, as in S, but its place of formation Is
farther back.
Umaookstbd it occurs, as in dx-ente', dn-Iarse', fif-face', ea-tate', Cr-ro'ne^us, leVfil, ln't£Mect%
car'p^t : and sometimes it Terges to or towards I, as in ro'a^s, hors'^s, f alr'fist, wls'^at, rlv'Ct, end'£d,
wlck'«d, wool'«n, kltch'«n.
§ 14. lb, 6 : as in tlidre, wli6re ; also in heir, etc ; only before r ; — identical in loand with ft (cftre).
§ 15. E, 9: as in fSrn, 8rr, li8r, Sr'nUne, vSrfce, In-f8r', per-vSrt'; otherwise as in air, bird, earn,
mtrtb, myrtle, gner'don, etc. It occurs when immediately followed by r in a mcmo^Uable or in the same
accented qrllsble; but not when the r precedes a rowe) or another r in the following syllable, as in Tdr'y,
p6r^l, nUlr'ry, dr'ror, kS'ro, pS'rI-od, etc., except that verbs having this sound of the letter almost always
retahi It when biflected or suffixed ; as hi con-fSr'rinSt de-tSr'rlnK, con-fSr'rer, re-fSFrt-ble.
GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION. ix
Thii sound is fomMd by pladiig the organs in a poeition intermediate between tliat requisite for sounding H
(Ikni)i and that for sounding ft, thus nuUdng (as Smart observes) a compromise between tite two. A majority of
Engiisb-speaking people, boweyer, make no distinction between S in her, and A in am ; but as many ortboepist*
do make a slight difference, the two markings have been retained in this Dictionary.
§ 16. UMAOCBMnD 9 (before r), — as in ev^r, read'ISr, loVSr, ■ev'Sr, ■«T'9r-aI, pSr-form', rev'Sr-Ant,
In'fSr^iicc, cAT^rn, etc., with equivalents in e-lixir, ceph'jrr, ac't6r, li'&r, etc., -r is nearly identical with
the accented % (fSru).
§17. The e before n in unaooented syllables,— as in pru'dent, raFment, con-ven^ient, ore'denee,
de^cen-cy, etc, — takes a sound of obscure quality in ordinary speech. The e before n in wooFen, kltd&'en,
etc., takes properly the 6 (ftnd) sound, which in rapid speech tends toward I (111). In words like com'meut,
eon'Tent, — correct with ft (find), — we have the final syllable actually under a secondary accent. Before 1, the
onaccented e Is, in some cases, like that above before n ; as hi noVel, ln'11-del ; while in shrlVel and some
others it takes the form explained below (see $ 18) ; — but, in many cases, it is commonly and properly given as 6
(«iid) ; thos in Jew'ftl, cra'61, cam'«l, sos'pfil, fon'ndl, an'sAl, olum'n«L In some of these, and hn
other words of the kind, tiiere is considerable diversity of usage as between these sounds.
In the case of words like pru'dent, nov'el (see above hi this paragraph), ther vowel will be indicated by a bare
Italic e in the qwllii^.for pronunciation.
§ 18. The unaccented vowel of obecure quality before n or I, Is sometimes reduced to the attenuated form oalled
the voiee-gtidef — tM in eat'en, heav'eu, o'pen, frhrlv'el, a^ble, gen'tle, par'U-cIe, ba'aln, eoua'la,
par'don. wmmfaon, etc.
Syllables are also made by m with the voice-glide ; as in scl&inn (sTs'm), chasm (kis'm), mFcro-coflm
(-kSs'm), etc Substituting the vowel tt for the voice-glide is not sanctioned.
In this Dictionary, an AKwrnoPHB C) is used in the respelling for pronunciation to indicate the vowel elisioD or
the voice-glide ; as, pai'd'n, an>*l, etc.
§ 19. The letter e silent. As annexed to a consonant at the end of a syllable, this letter has no sound ; but
serves commonly. In accented syllables, to indicate the preceding vowel as long; as hi ofime, t9ne. It also
maikfi the preceding consonant c or s as soft ; as in ser'Tlce, rav^age, vice, o-bllffe'.
§ 20. The letter e. wUh eonsonant value. Like the short I, when e unaccented is closely followed by another
vowel, it naturally faUs into more or leas of a consonant y sound, and the e tiius makes with the f(dlowing vowel
an imperfect, or consfHiantal, diphthong. After t, or d, or ^, or a, this y sound often coaleeoea witii the consonant
and changes its sound ; as in rlsht'eous (ri'chtts) ; Bran'dear (grih/dttr or gran'jyr), ml-oa'oeoiu (-sh&s),
o'cean (S'shan), and naa'aeous (u|^sh&s). Even after the sound of the e has changed the preceding consonant,
it may stiU ^ipear, especially when the accent falls upon the following vowel ; as in o'ce-aii'lo (S'shl-Xnik),
Kim'thMt).
f 21. I, I : as In foe, time, slsbt, child, bind, Bl'ant : the name sound of the letter. It Is called ** long
t" Squivalento are vie, guile, height, aisle, thy, buy, choir, rye, eye, ay or aye (yes) as sometimes heard.
The sound is diphthongaL The main part is the glide between its initial (M in iirm) and its terminal (I hi HI).
f 22. I, f : unaccented : as in t-de'a, bt-ot'o-RTi tri-bu'nal, bl-oar'bo-nate, dl-am'e-ter. The quality
of the sound is subject to vamtion ; the diphthong (I hi Ice) being more curtailed as the syllable takes less stress
and shorter quantity.
f 23. 1, Y : as hi pique, manshlne', in-trlKue't etc. The sound is the same as that of 6 (Sve), by which It
is repreecnted in the respelling for pronunciation.
f M. 1, I : as in m, pit, pit'y, le'sue, ad-mll', un-tll', etc. Equivalents are hjhnn, gnln'ea, sieve,
breech'es, been, English, bua'y, wom'en. This is not the short sound of I in Ice, but the short oorrehitive of 8
inSvo. It is called "short!.*'
VvAcaxmo stllablm with this vowel are, in the greater number of cases, closed by a consonant, as in cab'Iii,
Yl-lume', In-habat. But there are many words in which I ends an unaooented syllable or forms a syllable by
itself, as dl-Tlde', vlsable, vis I-bll1-ty.
X GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION.
$ 26. i, I, before r : as in fir, bird, ▼Ir'tue, ▼Ir'sln, Irk'aome, etc. : the precise equlTelent o< % (fSni>
In aoine words the lound, before 1 or n, k reduced to the roioe-glide ; m in e'vU (c'tU), ba^iiB (baVn), eta
Bee §18.
§ 26. The letter 1, vHth earuonant valu4, A abort 1, closely followed by snotber TOwel, often falls into s y
sound, sod thus produces en impure diphthong, and makes one qrllable out of two ; as in fll'lal, ttilnloii,
gen'liis, etc. A preceding i surd, e soft, or ec, by f usi<» with Um y, takes an ab sound ; as in naan'sloii,
eou'sclous, wi'ciovM ; and an • sonant or a z takes a zh sound ; as in vl'alon, ffla'zler, —the 1 sound being
wholly lost. A preceding t does the same, as in lui'tloii, partial, eta ; with the exception that when preceded
by a syllable ending in a or x, the U takes a cli (tali) sound ; as in quea^oa, mlx'tloB, Clirla^an, eta
After s, the 1 falls out, leaying tlie s soft; as in re'gion. When d precedes the 1, the dl in some words
becomes, or tends to become, a J (dzh) ; as oor'dial, lu'dlan, eta, are sometimes, and tol'dler is alwaya,
pronounced.
a'
$ 27. O, 5 : as fai 81d, n5te, bSue, i^ver, pro-pSse', IS'eo-mS'tlTe, «ta ; with equivalents as in roam,
foe, shoulMer, grour, owe, sew, yeo'man, beau, haufboy, d<Mir. It is the ** regular long** aound, and the
name sound of the lener.
This vowel takes a distinctly perceptible vanish in 6b (fdbt), or sometimes hi db (fdbd), snd Is thus dipb-
thongaL In the formation of the radical part, tlie lips are contracted to a circular opening ; and the Jaw is less
depressed tlum for %, and more than for db (fdbd). As in the similar case of ft (Ue) the vanish is not univenal,
yielding more or less to counteracting influencea
Before r in accented syllables, the long o naturally and more properly takes a vanish in tk (Urn) instead of db ;
as in fflS'ry, 8re, door* four.
$ 28. 6, H. In unaccented and usually open qrUables, hi BngUsh ; as hi ft-bey', tll4iac'cll, blllH w, bll'-
16w», Sft-crat'lc, pd^t'le, eial6-gy, a-nat'A-my, trana'l-t^ry. This sound differs from the 8 (5ld),
not only by absence of the vanish, but by taking a somewhat wider form.
$ 29. 6, 6 : only before r ; as in 6rb, 16rd, dr'der, ab-hdr', ex-h6rt', eta ; with eqnivalants, as In eztraor^
ditiary, georglc, eta
The most generally approved pronunciation here represented by this symbol Is identical with that of % («1I).
The 6 is limited to accented syllables with the r not followed by a vowel or another r in the fcdlowing qrllable of
the same word (the case of inflected verbs, as ab-hdr'rliii:, and the cognate nouns in >€r, as, ab-li6r^rer,
excepted) ; while otherwise the vowel is 5, as in fdWelsn, tdr'rld, or 5, as In mSre, S'ral.
There are some words in which o before consonants other than r takes ususUy and properly a medial sound
between % i^U) and 5 ; as sous, longr, aoft, croaa, (one, off, tronsh, olt, of'tou, cost, brotb, clotli,
eta In the respelling for pronundatian in the Dictionary, this medial sound is indicated by 5 (Add).
In nvAooBHTBo sTLLABLBs, ws somctimes have the 6 (6rb) ; as in iu6r-tal'l-ty, f 6r-Ket', 6r-dalii', etc., and
in f 6r, ii6r, 6r, unaccented as well as accented.
$ 30. 6, 6 : as in nttt. Add, etc. ; called ** short o; ** havhsg ^ (In w^ etc.) as an equivalent, and also ow in
knowl'edse and ou In liouffh, loash. It is the short correUite 6f % (^).
UiTACOSirTaD syllabubs with 6 are naturally closed by a consonant; as in cttn-dnde', tte-du/, 6p-p#ois',
dla^cttn-tent', reo'ttl-lect', re'oSm-mlt' ; falling into the neutral sound In very rapid speech. They are
rarely final syllables, the 6 (a6ii) sound being commonly given In final syllables.
$ 31. O, ^ : as in dff, pr^ve, t^mb, etc. ; the same as db, and represented by db in the respelling for pro-
nunciation.
$ 32. p, 9 : as in MWQlit w^'man, b^'aom, eta ; with sound of db, and represented by db in the respelling
for pronunciation.
$ 33. 6, 6 : as hi a6n, dtoe, 6th'er, etc. ; doubled in flood, blood, eta ;~the same as fi (ap)i or before r
as a (Um), and in the respelling for pronunciation represented by these symbols in accented syllables.
In TOAOCSMTBD BTLLABLI8 the 6 oocurs frequently ; as in ac'tAr, at'6m, wel'cdme, f«l'6ii, blsii'6p,
blg'At, etc., with sound either as fi (tip) or as S (ev'Sr). In the respelling for pronunciaticm, it will appear
before r as 9, and In most other cases as il ; but sometimes before n It represents merely a voice^lide ; asbeok'oa,
(bSk^), rea'son (rS'i'n).
GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION. xi
Oo.
§84. Zbe doable letter oo Iim two aoundB, nuked tfb and db; beeldeitlw oo ia door, end In flood, etc.
In atteiing tbeae aounds the kbUd opening ii atiU more cootreoted then for 5.
f 36. do, db : •• in mtfbu, f <rikl, f tfbl, bdbt, etc. ; with eqnlTelente in dQ, cenoe, group, r)|de, me,
leemlt, rhemn, dreur, menoenvre.
f 36. do, db : ea in fdbt, wdbl, sdbd, crdbk'ed, eto. Eqniraleiite ere 9 (w^lf) end ^ (fvU> It ie the
wide or ebovt ooneapondent of the long oo»
OlandOy.
f 37. The dtpfatbong ol end oj le mede by the repid ohenge or glide oi the orgias In peering from § to I, ee in
oil, boj, ete.
OaendOw.
$ 38. The dipthong on end 4»w ie formed by e r^d peenge of the orgene from ft to db, ee in outrun, owl,
ontliTO, etc Making the flrat element & ia e kKad pecolleri^, end ia very objectioneble.
Aa dlgr^tha, theae combinationa of lettera take aeveral other aoanda ; ea in eonp, rente, Zonnve (xwKt or
a55-ilT0, eoni, eonfple, srioT'ons, know, bUOow, knowl'edce* oluun'ole, nVolr^n-pole', cbolr,
tortoleo, etc
U.
$ 30. ft, II : ee in tieo, a-Mtoe', ftt'eion, pllre, mllte, cllbe, tOno, dll^, mte, Jll'ry, etc ; celled
** kng n ; ** having eqniralenta aa in beon^, feodal, fend, poiv, ewe, lien, view, cne, anlt, ynle, yew, yon.
The general type of the aotind ia that of e diphtliODg, which liaa 6b (f d5d) for the terminal and main part, and
for the initial a very brief end eraneaoent element, neerly related to I (ni) or to S (Sve) ; but in the greater
nnmber of ceeea there oomea in, aa a glide, a more or leaa full aoond of oonaonant y, which diaplaoea the initial
rowel element. When preceded by certain conaonanta, the y glide haa a tendency to be fnaed with the conaonant,
thna teUng the ahape of a albilant, eh or zh, glide (aee below). Thia tendency, in accented syllables, — to which
the Ilia limited, — ahould be aeverely restricted. Also, in no caae whatever ahonld the y sound be forced in when
it will not come In amoothly aa a glide.
At the beginning of a syllable, aa in llee, ll'nit, etc, the initial vowel element beoomea y, — the a here aoond-
ing the same aa yon in the words yon, yonth, etc. Next to this, the y aound cornea in the moat clearly after
p, b, m, ▼, f , e, and s hard ; aa in pfire, bU'rean, beauty, mllte, view, fll'tlle, eObe, gUle. After n,
it ie leaa prominent ; aa in ne-w. After e, th, 1, and J, the y aound comes in with difficulty, and need not be
ettempted; aa in elllt^ ae-eame', tliew, eu-tha'al-aem, mte, Jll'ry. After t or d, the a may better be
given without the y ; aa in tUne, tll'tor, dne, dllke, dH'ty. In all theae casea of y omitted, tho initial vowel
element (a brief form of I) la retahied : it would be quite wrong to give an ordinary db for the entire sound in
BDch words. The y« if attempted after t or d, ia apt to degenerate into a sibilant, and produce, with the conao-
nant, a decided tali or dzli eound, thus making tnne eli<M»n, and dne the same aa Je-w. The y sound after
d or n la common in Enghmd, aa hi dne, new, etc, but not fai America. Aa exceptional, the • in sure,
■nc'ar, and their derivativee, ia entirely diaplaoed by the eh developed ^rom the y sound, and the vowel ia reduced
to a dmple db (f dbd) or db (f dbt) eound.
f M. 0, ft : repreeeuthig a modification of the aound of d (dee), hi unaccented syllablea ; aa hi ft-nlte', grad'-
ft-ate, ae'tft-ate, em'ft-late, tft-mnl'tft-ons, Jft-dl'cial, ad'Jft-tant, oon'Jft-SAte, •ft-preme', In'ift-
lar, Ift-ddl-ty, In-dle^eo-lft-ble, val'tt-a-ble, Tirtfte, na'tftre, ▼er'dare, cen'eftre, sen'tft-nl, ie'ift-
Inc, meaa'Qre, etc. The aound differa from that of d by taking for the final element the wide db (fdbt) ; and,
after t, by a partUl or entire change of the y into a more or less clear ih, and uaually after d into a zh glide ; aa
in na'tftre, ▼er'dOre, etc A precedhig s. In a ayUeble not initbd (aa in oen'aftre, eeu'sa-al, etc.), takee
more commonly an eh sound, and a b or an • sonant (aa in as'ftre, ecFsftre, lel'iftre, cae'n-al, etc.) takee a
ih sound, and the vowel becomea nearly, if not quite, the aame in sound aa ^ (Joy'f ^). But the preceding a re-
meina unchanged in initial, and sometimea also in medial syllables ; as hi ift-preme', con'ed-lar, in'sft-lar,
etc After J or 1 hi the same ayllable, the vowel haa nearly or exactly the sound of ^ (Joy'f 9I) : a« in Jft-df rial,
ad'Jft-tant, Ift-eld'l-ty, In-dla^eo-lft-ble. Before r, the sound often hicUnea towards S (ev'Sr) ; as in na'-
tftvo, oen'eftre, nieae'ftre, etc
xii GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION.
§ 41> 1?« II * <^y ^'^^ r ; u in rude, rn'mor, rn'ral. The wMiiid does not differ Meeotially from that oi 66
(food). The aonnd ooctin after •, u exceptional, in sure and its deriTatiTes, the • being beard aa ah.
§42. V, V : M in b^ll, f ^, pyt* pi^ab, p^t etc. ; with sound the lame as db (f dbt), heard also in BUgfmr
after a aa ah.
Uhaocbxtsd the n occurs in the syllable f al ; aa in Joyf ^, Joy't^neM, f ^l-llll', etc. ; also, after r, in
fr^-SsFl-ty and a few other words.
$ 43. C A : as in ftrn, Arcoi bAm, hArl, etc. ; with equivalenta as in worm, Joitmal, etc., before r only.
Tbe sound, aa more commonly heard, is tlie narrow form of the Towel, corresponding to the wide tl (ttp).
$ 44. t^, il : as in ftp, bild, tab, As, Osh'er, On'der, etc. ; the '* short a ; " with equiTalenta as in E6n,
d<ios, blood, touch, etc.
In uvAccsirrBD stllailis the vowd occurs in cir'ctta, aftb-mlt', etc, and falls readily into tbe ** neutral
vowel.'* The ou in pl'ous, etc, oi in por'polae, eo in dtin'seon, etc., usually the o\w in bello^vs, etc,
and the final element of the eon in rtsht'eous, etc., and of iou in fra'cloiu, etc., and the o in mt'om, Irk'-
•ome, ua'Uon, etc., hava the same sound.
$ 45. U, teitk eorutmani valuer having the sound of iv, before another vowel in the same syllable : after q or s ;
as hi qual'lty, quite, quea'tton, (ua'ho, lan'suage, etc. ; also after a, as in persuade', suite, etc
$ 46. The neutral voivel, sometimes called the *' natural vowel," is the vocal sound made with tbe least artic-
ulative effort, or with no effort to shape the sound, and heard, except as a glide, only in onaocentad syllablea. It
may be described as an obscure sound approaching that of il (up) or tk (urn).
T.
$47. Thia letter, aa a vowel, haa four sounds : y = I; as in de-^', style, fly ; — ^, the equivalent of t (tdea) ;
as in ht-^na, my-ol'o-gy ; — f = I ; as in nj^mpli. If r'lo, and (unaccented) ptt'f , hap'pf ; — f = S or I ;
as in myrrb, n&yr'tle and (unaccented) zepli'f r.
DIAGRAM OF THE SIMPLE VOWEL SOUNDa
!&;••• asin • • • iirm;
.4;. . . . •• " • • . 4sk;
&,&; 5,«; • • " ** • e4re,&m; 5dd,«l];
S. « ; 6, o ; ** ** file. €nd : «bey. Sid ;
[«, « ; CO, <l ; ** *' [fSm, evSr ; [ftp, Am ;
«, I i on>, db ; '* ** eve, HI ; f o^t, f dbd.
DIPHTHONOa
The compound ou is a glide from ft to db.
The compound 1 is a glide from II to I.
The compound II is composed of y or I and 6b»
The sound of a has a vanish in I or S.
The sound of 5 has a vanish in db or 66.
THE CONSONANTS OF THE ALPHABET (WITH THE CONSONANT
DIGRAPHS) IN DETAIL.
§ 48. This is a labial sonant, correlative of p, as in boy, cab, ebb, bean'ty, briny, blow, a^ble, berb,
bulb, robbed (r5bd), etc. It is usually sUent after m in the same qrllable ; aa in bomb, oUmb, tomb ; alao
before t ; aa m debt, doubt, suVtle ; also in bdellium.
GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION. xiii
f 49. Ths **Mfk o ** hM a ilbilAnt toand of three Tuieties : — One like ■ iherp, mariud 9, ^ and repreeented bj
• in the reepeUinff for pronimciatioii. O hea this scMind before e, i, or y ; m in eede, elvll, cypress, aeld,
Klmnee, foroe, vlee, etc —In % few words the letter has tlie s sonnd ; ss in saerlllce, snlllee, dlaeern. —
When ee or el is followed by snother vowel in the same syllable, the ab sound is taken^ either by the e alone, as
in oceABle, Tleloslty, or by the oe or el together, as in oeean, vleloiis, eto.
§ 60. The *'haxd e,'* marked C, «, has the sound of k, and is represented by k in the respelling. The letter has
this sound before a, o, or a, or a consonant, and at the end of a syllable if not followed by 1 or e ; as in call,
cold, plc^tme, act, ctklcs ; snd before e in sceptic, and 1 in aclrroaa, etc
§61. C is silsnt in csar, vlctiaals, Indict, and in miucle, corpuade, etc
CH.
f 02. The digraph ck (unmarked) has neariy the sound of tak; as in ckln, ckorck. It is the surd conektlTa
of J.
The sound is also represented by tl in bastion, qaeatlon, Ckristlan, etc, by te in rlskteons, snd by t
with the initisl part of n hi textnre, nature, etc
% 53. The digraph marlced 9k, ^k, has the sound of ak, in words from the French which hsTe retained this sound ;
as hi ckaiae, ckivalry, ckagrrin, niaekiiie, mustacke.
§ 54. Ck hard, marked €k, ek ; with sound like k, which is used to represent it in the respelling. It has this
sound in words derived from the Greek, and through the Latin in aU but quite modem words ; as in ckoros,
epock, ecko, cklorlne, ekrlam, okaracter ; or from the Hebrew ; as in Nebockadnczzar, Knock,
etc ; exceptions are ckurck, ckart, Rachel, cherub, and the prefix arch- in arckblahop, archdeacon,
archduke, etc. ; but the k sound remains in archangel, snd in architect, arckitrave, etc
§ 56. Ck is silent in drackm, ackiam, yackt ; also in fnckala.
f 58. This is a dental sonant, oorrebitiTe of the surd t ; as in day, dry, bed, aimed. Idle. It seunds as t
when preeeded by a surd hi the same syUable ; as in hissed, looked, arched (hTst, ld6kt, Xroht). It is silent
in the first syllable of Wednesday and in kandkerckief , kandsonie, and wiudrovr.
F.
f CT. TUa is a labiodental, the surd oorrelatlTe of the sonant ▼ ; as in fame, fly, f enr, stall; o<t, etc It has
gk snd pk for equtralents ; as in laugk, pkotograpk, etc It takes the sound of ▼ in the word of, and usu-
ally hi the coo^onnds, kereof , tkereof , wkereof .
O.
f 5S. The **hard s** is marked Q, ^\ but in the respelling for pronundation is repreeented by % unmarked.
It is a guttural scmant, the correlatiTe of k, used before a, o, u, or 1, r, a, in the same syllable ; as in gay, (o,
sun, clad, srovr, lingual, argue, baga, kaggle ; — sometimes, though not usually, before e, i, or y :
ss in get, give, gig, niuggy. The letter g is always hard at the end of a word ; as in kug, berg ; also in
the deiiTstiTes of such words, even when the doubled g is followed by e, 1, or y ; as in cragged, druggist,
foggy-
The interposition of a slight sound of 6 (five) or I (111) between g hard and a following tt or I sound, in garden,
gnard, guide, guile, etc, and in like manner after a k or hard c, in card, kind, etc., — upheld by the
authority of Walker, — is not approved.
f 50. The ** soft g," marked 6, ^, has the sound of J, snd is represented by J in the respelling for pronunciation ;
ss in gem, engine, rage, caged, etc It is found usually before e, i, or y.
xiv GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION.
$ 60. In a few words from the French, the letter c retelne the eound like that o< b in asore ; m fai ronce,
f 61. The letter c ia ailent before m or n final, and when initial before n ; m in phlegsa* sIbb, Siuit, buo*>
tiOieto. No caoimd it heard in the digraph nc ; M in iliis, Ions, etc; nor in terasUo, nor in bmsBlo.
GH.
f G2. At the beginning of a word, thla digraph ia aoonded like hard s ; aa in (liastly, glkoit, etc. It ia allent
after 1 ; aa in hiffli, siKh, 'vrelBh, stralBht, el^t, rlgflU, eto. ; alao before t in the Hune or a following
syllable; aa in bought, brouffht, Uftoosht, wroosht, cMislit, tansht, fraosht, davditer,
drousht, etc ; but haa the aound of f in the word draaslftt ; the eound of f alao oommonly after an or on at
the end of a syllable ; aa in lanslft, oonsh, ronch, enonsh ; that of k fai bongli, loush, ahonyh ; and is
often silent after an or on in the sane qrllable ; as in oTerttansh, donsii* donsli7i thonsb, boncta,
tlironsli.
H.
§63. This ii a pore breath soond, lepreeenHng no fcced configuration o< theTOcal organa, and ii often called the
aspirate. It oceors st the beginning of words or syllables, as in liato, l&ero, hire, bonae, boma, bard, bit,
boop, boot, etc The sound may be produced before any of the Towel sounds and before the semivowel sounds
y and w. It Is represented by wb in wbo, vrboae, wb«un. H ia silank in bair, berb (usually), bo— tt
boBor, bonr, snd their deriTatirea.
J.
§ 64. Thia, with the equiralenta c aoft and ds, Im compounded of d and sb. We haTO it in Jar, Jam, Joat,
Jnt, Jnry, Join, etc. It ia the sonant oorrelatiTe of the surd cb. In some proper namee of foreign origin, and In
other foreign words, J or dj occurs st the end of a syUable ; as hi 4)^a-lon, badj, badJM, MlJ'a-mln, BaJ*
Rai'poor'.
The sound ii represented by ge in aiirg;eon, ontrageona, etc ; by g;! in regiloa, rellslooat «tc ; by dl
to aoldler, etc ; by de in grandenr, etc. ; and by d with a part of n in Tordnre.
f 6S. Thia ia a guttural surd mute, the oortalatiTe of sonant g (hard); aa in kite, kill, aklll, adc, ark, alk,
Ilk, mink, oak, etc It haa hard o, hard cb, gb, en, qn, qne, eqne, and q for equiralento; aa In call, '
cboma, boncb, blaenit (-kTt), eoqnet, antique, aaque, qneen. The aound ia the first component of the
ordinary x ; as In bosc, etc Before n, In the same qrUable, k Is silent; as in luu»t, knee, etc ; ck has the
sound of k alone ; asinbaek; aa does Ik after § («U) or 8 (51d) ; aa fai walk, folk, etc
f 66b TUa ii a palatal sonant made by contact o< the point of the tongue with the palate, aa f or t, d, n ; but
with the sides of the tongue in this case left free for the passage of the breath. It la one of the liqulda. We
have it fai lie, all, aole. The 1 In an unaccented followfaig an accented syllable fulfills the office o< a Towel ;
as in battle, bnatle, bridle, eonple, pickle, etc, and in some other eases, aa In ctU, easel, etc
The 1 ia sOent in vronld, conld, abonld, alnta, balm, nuUmaey, onlm, palm, palmer, paalm,
aalmoii, almond, half, bebalf, calf, balTc, aalve, ealTca, balk, cbalk, calk, talk, atalk,
walk, folk, yolk (often), with like words and their deriTatirea.
§67. M haa but one sound, produced l^ dosing the lips, as for b and p, and letting the Tooaliied breath into the
nasal passage ; as in me, tan&e, tinkea AX the bsgiimlng of a word, m before n is silent; as in nuiemonlca
N.
§68. N, as in none. Inn, one, ten, fern, aown, tent, annnl, cbange, Ingreaa, eonsresalTe,«tc,ls
ths dentonasal consonsnt ; the oral passage being doeed by contact of the pdnt and the sides o< the tongue with
the palate, Just aa it ia for t and d, — n being continuous and nasal, while t snd d are momentary and ond.
GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION. xv
§ 00. Wben n b final after m it is silent ; as in bymiii eondemn. solemn, etc ; bat when to such words Is
added a suffix or sn inflection beginning with a rowel, the n is generally sounded; as in oondemnaUon, eon-
demnAtory, Bolemiilze, solemnity, lijrmnolosy, liymnlst, Umner, antumnal, etc N is silent in
kiln, llnaeklln, etc In the participles damned, damning, eondemnlns, eontentnins, byn&nlns,
limning, etc, and also in the cognate noons condemncr snd contemner, ussge is divided. Initial Icn, pn,
mn, are soonded as n; as in know, pneumatics, mnemonics, etc
§ 70. N at the close of sn sooented syllable, with g, c, or ch, hard, or k or qo, commencing a following qrllable,
commonly takes the ng sound, snd is marked o ; as in an'ser, uii'el«* dla'gile, au'chor, coo'irrees, eoo'-
gre-Sa^tlon, can'ker, coo'qaest, coo'qner, etc ; bat not generally if the accent falls on the latter syllable ;
as in con-sree^alTe, ^n-cor'dant, etc ; nor in the prefixes lu-t en-, on-, un-, non-; ss, In'come, un'-
con-eem', non'com'»mlt'tal ; nor in qaln'cnnx, and the deriTatives and compounds of quln'que, nor in
pen'Boln snd a few other words. In e'loo-ga'tlon, pro'lon-sa'tlon, aao-gnlfer-ons, etc, and often in
con-Ki^a'alon-al, coo-irru'l-ty, and like words, the n, though unaccented, retains the sound of ns, which is
given it by rule in the words from which these are derived, as e-loQ'sate, etc It takes the ns sound also before
k, or ck hard, or z, at the end of a syllable ; as in Ink, tkliik, tkailk, moQk, coBck, anzloos, etc
NO.
f 71. The digraph nc is the equivalent of q. This sound is formed with the organs in the same position as
§ (hsrd), except that the nassl passage through which the sound passes is left open. The digraph occurs only
at the end of qrllables; as in Ions, wine, bans, alns, ■ons'streM ; or with ne added it the end ; as in
tongrne ; except that hi the comparatives and superlativea of lone, atronc, youns, the g goes with a proper
hard g: sound to the inflection, while the n takes to itself the o sound ; as, loa'ffer, lon'S^at. In dlpktkonc
and tripbtkong the c goes, in a like way, to the suffix -aL
P.
f 72. This is the sard oorrektive of b ; as in pea, cup, pray, play, barp, spy, spread, oppress, etc
Itissilent as initial before n, s, sb, and t ; as hi pneumatics, psalm, pabaw ; also in raspberry, receipt,
sempstress, aeoompt, corps, and their derivatives.
PH.
f 73. This digraph ooouzs chiefly In words of Greek derivation, and has usnally the sound of f ; as in pbantom,
sylpbt pbllosopby, etc It has the sound of ▼ in Stepben ; and, according to most orthoepists, in nephew,
thoogh in America it has oommonly its regular sound of f in the latter word. In dlpbtb<ing, trlpbtbongr,
opbtbalmy^ napbtba, and other allied words, and their derivatives, the pb is sometimes sounded as p.
0-
f 74. Q is in sU cases followed l^ n, and the two together have oommonly the sound of kw ; as in queen,
conquest, etc ; but they have that of k in a few words from the French, as in coquette, etc ; as has also the
ending -que in antique, burlesque, etc
B.
f 75. The sound of r, as in rip, trip, oarol, far, form, etc., is produced by the passage of the voice over
the tongue, the end of which is raised, but does not touch the roof of the mouth, while Its sides doee the passages
through which the sound of 1 passes.
There are two lea4ing varieties of the consonant r. One, the dental r, is made between the point of the tongue
and hard pahite not far back of the teeth ; used before a vowel, as in rise, try, oral, array. This, as requiring
a more forcible expulsion of the breath, is commonly called ** rough *' r. The other, the palatal r, is made between
the tongue and the pahite, somewhat farther back, with less friction of breath than the dental, and hence is com-
monly called ** smooth ** r. It occurs st the end of a syllable or before a consonant, as in far, arm, orbit.
The "rough '* r is by some speakers more or less trilled, but this practice is not common in the United States.
A prevsOing fault in New Aiglsnd is (like that which Walker says prevailed In Bngbmd, especially hi London)
not sounding the r at the end of words and before a consonant ; thus, cU (with the vowel somewhat prolonged) for
car, fiUn for f arn&, etc It still prevails in the south of England. In the United States, the fault is not uncom-
mon in New England. But among educated people the r takes generally in the United States a more or less dear
sound as a consonant In sU sitaatioas.
xvi GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION.
The letter r neTer takes the regular short sound of s TOwel before it, except when in primitiTes and their derira-
tiTes it ends a syllable, and is followed by a syllable beginning with a vowel sound ; as in marry, very, aplrlt,
mirror, florid, morrow, liarry, mjrrlMls. The doubling of the r does not affect this statement, since
but one r is sounded.
When primitiTes end in r their derivatiTes do not take the regular short sound of a vowel similarly situated ; tm
in bar, barring ; Infer, Inferring ; err^ errlac ; stir, sUrrlMi: ; abkor, abborriiis ; occur, occ1ll^
ring.
S.
$ 73. The propo' soiind of i as a surd is made by breath forced through a contracted chaond between the tongue
and the hard palate near the front teeth, and impinging upon the edges of the upper or the lower teeth ; as in see,
M>, hiM, yet, scorn, sky, sly, smile, snow, spy, square, stay, swim, cnllb, picks, cups, cuts,
sense, curse, best, message, display, lisp, sypsy, absurd, etc. Equivalents are : c soft, as in cell,
d-ril, vice ; sc, as in scene, science, etc. ; sck a* iu scklsm.
§ 77. The sonant s (marked f ), corresponding to the surd, as above, is made with the same articulative positioo,
exoept that the tongue is pressed somewhat closer to the palate. The sound is precisely like that of z ; as in If ,
kaf, etc The s is sonant as the ftniJ sound of s(mie verbs and surd as the Anal sound of the cognate nouns or
adjectives ; as use, abuse, dimue, konse, etc. Notice close, with s as z in verb and noun, and s sharp in
the adjective. Compare adTlfe (r.), advice (n.), etc
§ 78. S takes sometimes the sound of sk, by fusion with a foOowlfig y sound, with consequent vowel change ; as
in version, mansion, convulsion, censure, sensual, sure, sugar, etc. ; in the case of s doubled, the
first Is assimilated to the second ; as in passion (pish'tiu), Issue (Tsh'tt or Tsh'y). In a few words s takes the
Sk sound while leaving the f<dlowing vowel unchanged ; as in Asiatic, nausea, etc. Compare § 49.
$ 79. 8 takes the sound (zk) of z in azure by fusion with a following y sound, when it is preceded by a vowel
in an accented syllable; as in vt'flon, de-cl'flon, ad-ke'flon, sua'flon, ez-plo'flon, con-ftt'flon«
pleaf 'ure, lel'f ure, vlf'u-al, u'f u-ry, etc. ; also in sclf'f Ion, ab-scln'f ion, re-sclf'f Ion.
SH.
§ 80. This digraph, as in skarp, Sklne, rask, usker, represents a surd sibilant made between toofue and
palate at a place fartlter back than the s. It is reckoned as a simple element, and is the correlate of the soosnt
sound represented by zk.
The sound is otherwise represented by c or s with or before e or I, and by t or sc with or before I ; by s,
sometimes, before u ; as involved in the x in anxious, luxury, etc. ; by ck in ckalse, macklne, etc. ; hy
cks in fucksla ; and by sck in sckorl, sckottlscke, from the Qermaa.
T.
§ 81. This is the dental surd correlative of sonant d ; as in tie. It, note, try, tone, trrlne, stay, stray,
art, last, apt, sent, aft, act, salt, next, attend, etc.
TH.
$ 82. This digraph is used to represent two sounds, a surd and a sonant, both made with the same articulative
position: the surd, as in tkin, tklng, tkrlve, entknslasm, breatk, lengtk, birtk, widlk, etc.; the
sonant, marked "ni, th, as in ttie, this, ttiy, ttien, with, breattie, batlie, father, northern, etc.
In the following nouns the tk is surd in the singular and sonant In the plural : balk, clofk, lath, moutk,
oatk, path, wreath, moth ; pi. bathf , clothf , etc. Verb and noun forms differ : the verb sonant, the
noun surd ; as, breathe, breath ; w^reathe, wreath ; bathe, bath ; mouth, mouth.
$ 83. Th has the sound of t iu thyme, Thomas, Thames, Estker ; and in pktklslc, (pk being silent).
It is commonly silent in Istkmus and astkma.
V.
§ 84. This i» the sonant correlative of the surd f ; as in vain, vivid, evor, live, lived, move, niovrf.
ralvef. wo1v«>9, etc. The sound is taken by f in of ; but in pronouncing its compounds, kereof , tkereof ,
etc., usage is divided between v and f.
GUIDE TO PEONUNCIATION. xrii
} 86. At the Iwigipntng o< a word or of a qrlUbte, u wet« worse. Inward, this letter (wliioh la unmarked)
ia a aooaat, formed from, aad nearly reeembUng, the TOwel oo, but requiring for its utterance a closer position, or
greater contraction, of the labial aperture ; and this compression of the lips changes the quality of the sound,
giving it a bossing and artioulatlTe instead of a smooth and purely vocal character.
It is often represented by n occurring before another rowel in the same syllable, as in quail, query, langutd,
SMsnase, etc
$ 8G. After a vowel in the same syllable, vr is generally silent ; as in slow, tlirowu, etc., though sometimes
significant, as in flaw. With e it unites to form a diphthong, which is generally sounded like long u, as in dew,
few, nevr ; but it is sounded like oo, or like u in rude, if the letter r stands before it, as in crew, shrew.
It is often Joined with a preoeding o to represent the diphthongal sound otherwise expressed by on, as in brow,
$ 87. W is always silent before r in the same syllable, as in iirrins, nvrote, avrry ; tdso in the words answer,
sword, toward, two.
WH.
f 88. The true sound of these letters is in the reverse order, namely, hiv, as they were written in Anglo-Saxon ;
e. g., wlien Is pronounced liwen ; wluurf , hwarf. The h is here a free emission of breath through the posi-
tion taken by the lips in the formation of w. In who, ivhole, whoop, whore, and their derivatives, the -w
issUent.
X.
$ 88. The surd sound of x, as in box, wax, execute, exit, exodus, exudation, exclaim, extreme,
excel, excellent, etc, is equivalent to that of ka X, as preoeding an accented syllable, is exceptionally surd
(ka) in ex-ar'chate, ex-er'cent, ex-ude', hex-am'e-ter, ox-al'lc, and a few other words (see $ 90). In
words such as anxious, noxious, luxury, the s component of the x becomes sh by fusion with a following j
sound.
f 90. X is, with few exceptions, sonant ((gs) when followed by sn accented syllable that begins with a vowel, or
by a silent h and a vowel under the accent ; as In exist, exalt, exaffserate, example, exempt, exert,
exotic, exult, exhaust, exhibit, exhort, exhilarate, etc Some derivatives of such words often retain
the sound with the x falling under the sccent ; ss In ex'em-pla-ry, ex'emp-tl'tloua
f 91. At the beginning of words, x bss the sound of z ; ss in xanthlc, xebec, xyloffrap|iy. It retains this
Booad ia certain compounds, as in par'a-xan'thln, met'a-xylene, etc.
§92. T, as a oooaonant, is a palatal sonant ; as in year, you, yonns, beyond, vineyard, halyard, etc.
It is olsssod with vr as a semivoweL In certain cases the sound is represented by I ; as in poniard, onion,
Sealal, familiar, etc. ; and in like manner by e, and it forms a part of the vowel VL (Use). The ptaoe of articu-
bitien for this consonant extends farther back than the phMw of constriction for the vowel 8 (Swe), involving the
soft palate, as the place for 9 does not.
T, as a consonant, occurs only at the beginning of a syllable ; at the end or in the middle, it Is a vowel, as in
my, happy, eye. It is used in tliis Dictionary in giving the pronunciation of some foreign words, as flord,
lorsnette, camarilla, etc ; and, in such case, is not restricted to the beginning of a syllable.
$ 93. The ordfaiary m is a sooaat; as In meal, xone, maze, size, amazed, frozen, hazy, dizzy, sizar,
buzz, etc. ; the sound is often represented l>y s ; ss in easy, his, ears, etc. ; sometimes by c ; as in suffice,
etc It is the oorrelative of the surd a.
§ 94. In some words, z takes a sound (zh) which is the sonant correlative of the surd sh ; ss in azure, sei-
zure, sraxler. The sotmd is represented by si In f nidon, etc ; by tl, exceptionally, in transition (cf. In-
sltton) ; snd by s in rouge, manage, mlraffe, and other words from the French.
h
rvin
GUIDE TO PRONUNCIATION.
TABLE OF CONSONANT ELEMENTS.
FlKBOV ▲jcnoDi.ATam.
Obal.
Nabau
Gontinnoaa.
ConttanooB.
Sold.
P
Sonant.
Bo»L
Sonant
Sonant
lips
h
f *
th(fai)
a
w
s; r
sli:r
yji
m
a
US
lip and teeth
Tongue end teeth
Tongue and hard pahite (forward)
Tongue iDd hard palate (back). .
Tongue, hard pabte, and aoft patate
Tongna and aoft palate • • . .
Yariona ptooaa
t
cb
k '
ll
J
ASSIMILATION OF SOUNDS.
When a sard and a aonant oonaonant oome together in the aame ayUable, it is generally Tery difllenlt, in fluent
pronunciation, to preserve each in its regular and appropriate sound. Henoe it frequently becomes necessary to
change the character of the one or of the other, in order to make the combination readily pronounceable. This Is
generally done, In English, by assimilating the sound of tlie second consonant, whether surd or sonant, to that of
the first. Thus, in chlnta, the rocal consonant x assumes the sound of its surd correspondent a, in order to unite
with the surd t. On the other hand, the a in Mrlnds is rocalixed, or aarames the sound of x, for the sake of cor>
responding with the sonant d. Sometimes, though rarely, the sound of the first consonant is assimilated to that of
the second, as in ipaam (spas'm), prlam (pris*m).
This affinity between these two classes of consonanto is an important fact, and one which needs to be ftonUiarly
known. For there are four very common inflecttonal terminations which come under ite influence, namely:
L PossessJTa forms in a, as matd'a (maids) ; 2. Plurals in a, as tubs (tu1»), Brores (grthrs) ; 8. 8 in the third
person singular of Teibs, as loads (loads), anuiotlia (smootiu) ; 4. Preterite and partlciplea in d preceded by •
mute, as In daabed (daaht), insnlf ed (ingulf t).
DUPLICATION OF CONSONANTS.
In many words, a consonant is doubled between two rowels ; yet, in such eases, no more than one artioulatian to
used in speaking. In bniiiier, for example, we doee the organs but once between the flrst snd second qrUables ;
nor is it possible to use both of the letters n without pronouncing bnii, then intermitting the Toice entirely,
opening the organs, snd closing them a second time. Hence, in all eases, when the same consonant to written twioe
between Towels, as In banner, robbing, nuidden, lettor, borrld, one of tbem only to represented by an
articulation of the organs ; and the only reason for repeating tlie consonant to to indicate the fact that the pre-
ceding Towel has ite short sound.
But although only one articulation to ever used where a consonant is written twice,' yet in some words the articu-
lation to dwelt upon for an appreciable space of time, producing an apparent duplication of the wuntL Thto eflact
takes place in many derired words, in which the primltiTe ends or begins with the same totter as that with which
a supmdded sufllx and prefix of English origin respeotiTely begins or ends, as in soulleaa, foully, keennoM,
n&lsatep, oatimvel, unnntoral. The same effect takes place in most compound words, in which the second
port begins with the same aound as that with which the first part ends, as In pott-town, beaddreM, ball*
lUled.
ACCENT.
Accent to a particular stress or effort of Toice upon certain syllables of words, which distinguishes them from
the others by a greater distinctness and loudness of pronuncistion. Accent to of two kfaads, primary, as in
tn-tend', where the full force of the voice to on the last syllable, and secondary, aa hi sa'per-in-tend^
where the first syllable to distinguished by a stress greater than that laid on the second and third syUables,
GTHDE TO PRONUNCIATION. xix
thoofli leu ttMui that laid on the )Mt In •one worda tb«re an two Moondary or Mbordinata Meenfcs, m in
Itt-eoitt'pre-heii'sl-toll^-ty.
Hon. — (1.) The genonbl tondenoy of aooent, whether fntnarj or aecoodary, tatoahortenaU TOweUbat a, when
farther beck then the pennltlmate qrUable, m in ten'ement, ne^eMarlneie, an'atom'lcnl* penon'lllca'-
tlon» etc (though we eay la'brlonte, end not lAI/rieate ; tru'eulency, and not trac'aleney ; sa'pera-
bm^dmnt, and not sflp'erabiui'dant, etc). Thia tendency generally fails, if the first of the two following
ayUablee ends, and the second begins, with a vowel ; as in pe'ii-od, o'ri-en'fal, le-Tt'a>tlinii.
(2) The primary and secondary accents are, in certain cases, so nearly equal that we interchange them freely,
*• making," as Walker remarka, ** the secondary accent principal and the principal secondary.** Kyamples are muk-
boacade, cavalende, oMrleature, «tiqoette, reverie, oonfldaute, sovemante, parachate, etc.
(3) Many in America give a marked secondary accent in certain words which properly have but one accent, and
that on a pre antepenultimate syllable, aa in ter'rI-tS'ry, dlf'll-efU'ty, clr'ciim-atilii'oea, Inter^Sat'lnc
etc lUs droning fault may be corrected by giving the accented syllable a sharp percussion, which carriee the
TOlee lightly thxongh the rest of the word.
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES.
PREFIXES.
Af !> [AS. on,} On; In:— forming adJeotlTM denot-
ing a itftte or ftdrerba of mumer; ai, afoot, aaleep,
ogroond. 8.[AB. 0/.] Oif; from: aa,adown. 3. [AS.
0-; aUn to Ooth. tu-, tir-, O. er-.j Away ; on ; back ;
— of ton intenaive; as. ffriae, ago, abide. 4. [OB. v-or
i-, AS. ge-; akin to OHO. go-, gi-.] A prefix making
little ciuuoge iu the meaning, as in aware. 6. [F. ^, f r.
L. ad to.] A form of An- ; as, abaae, achieve. 6. [L.
a, aby ab*.} Prom ; as, avert. 7. [Or. a, privative.]
WitlKMit ; not ; — aldn to E. Uk-, not ; as, abyss, oUieist.
Ab-. [L. aby same as E. o/, oj^.] Prom; away;
aeparauon ; departure ; as, abstract, aMuct.
Abg*. A form of An-.
Ao-. A form of Ad-.
Ad-. [L. Off, prep.] To; towards; at; near; — writ-
ten oe-, a/-, ag-, a/-, an^^ ap-^ ar-, a«-, a/-, tlie d twiug
aaiimllated to the first letter of the word to wtiich it is
prefixed, but remaining unclianged before vowels, and
before d, A, m, v / as, (uMuce, a<;cord, a/fect, ajwregate,
a/Iude, annex, appear, etc. It becomes ac- before ^u,
and a- in many words from OF: ; as, acquiesce, avow.
AdMIO-, AAl&Br. [Or. A3i|K, «^^»^, gland.] Combining
forms of tlie Oreek word for gland; as, acffitology.
AMro-. [Or. inlipt ^poc, air.T Combining form of the
Oreek word for air ; as, aerolite, aif ropbyte.
Aiort-. [a- -{-/ore ; AS. onforan or mtforan,"] Before ;
previously ; as, aforemid,
Af-f Af -. Forms of Ad-.
A1-. 1. [AS. eof.] AU; whoUy; oompletely; as,
a/mighty, a/most. 8. A form of Ad. 3. The Arabic
defliUte article = £. /A« ; as, a/chemy, a/coran.
Amu-, Amb-. TL., aUn to Or. o/a^i, AS. embe^ O. trm,
also to L. ambo both.] About ; around ; on both sides ;
as, amfrtdexter, amMent.
Aflblll-, Amj^-. [Or. oM^'.] Both; of both kinds;
<m both sides ; about ; around ; as, amphiiAoxM.
An-. [Or. h^\ akin to £. un:'\ Without; not; as,
Aiu-. [Or. ard on; in oomp., on, up, upwards.] Up;
upward ; throughout ; backward ; bock ; again ; anew ;
as, anapest, anachronism.
Anglo-. [Or. ayyctor vessel, receptacle.] Combining
form indicating relation to seed or vessels of plants or to
blood vessels, lymph vessels, etc., iu animals ; ss, angio-
sperm.
Anglo-' [NL. Angltu English.] English ; English and ;
English conjoined with ; as, iln^lo-Saxon.
Ant-. A form of Akti-.
Ante-. [L. ante ; akin to Or. ovri, AS. an<f-, om/-, O.
an/-, «»/-.] Before ; fore ; in front ; as, att/ecedent.
Anti-, Ant-. [Or. ianC against.] Against ; opposite ; op-
posed to ; contrary ; in place of ; as, on^islavery, anti-
thesis, an/arctic.
Apo-. [Or. air^.] From; away from; off; asunder;
separate ; as, apocope, apostle.
AlOh-, Arohi-. [L. arch-^ archi-^ Or. &fixi- ; fr. root of
aAx«iy to be first, begin, apv^ the first pUce, begin-
ning.] Chief; head; primitive; original; as, arcA-
deaicon, orcAitect.
As-. A form of Ad-.
Astro-. [Or. ioTfow star.] Gombiidaf form fkom flio
Oreek word for star; as, osfftmomy.
At-. A form of Ad-.
AntO-. [Or. avT^c self.] Self ; one*s aelf ; ooe*i own ;
itself ; ita own ; as, auiognph.
Aso-. [Abbr. of axote^l Containing nitrogen varioualy
combined ; — a chemical term ; as, aMbensene (a sub-
stance furnishing a dye).
I-. [Or. fidvt€ step, base.] Combining form indi-
cating the base, or position at or near the base, or form-
ing a base, — uaea esp. in botanical and anatomical
words; as, 6a^ranial (situated at the base of the
cranium).
Bo-. [AS. be-, orig. same as M by ; akin to O. be-, bei, and
perh. Or. a/t^ about.] Orig. same as bjf. Joined witli
verbs, it serves: (a\ To intensify the meaning; as,
bespatter, 6estir. (6) To render an intransitive verb
transitive ; as, 6«fall, 6espeak. (c) To make the action
of a verb particular or definite ; as, beget (to get an
offspring), to freset (to set aroundV
It is loined with some substantives, and a few adjec-
tives, to form verba; as, 6edew, befriend, delate. It
occurs with certain nouns, adverbs, and prepositions,
with the force of by or about ; as, beUet^ behalf, 6«neatli,
beside. In aome words the original force of be- is ob-
scured or lost ; as, become, begin, behave.
Bt-. [L. b»-, bU, twice ; akin to E. tteo; cf. Di-, Dn-.]
1. Two; twice; donUy; — eq>. common in scientific
words; as, Mcyclo, bflateral. 2. In chemical names,
b»- denotes two atcnns, parts, or equivalents of the con-
stituent to whose name it is pnnxed, to <»e of the
other compound ; or that such constituent is present in
double the ordinarv proportion ; as, bichromate (a salt
containing two eauivalents of chromic acid). Bi- and
Di- are often used interchangeably.
Bin-. [L. bini two at a time.] Two; twice; bi-; as,
btnaural (reUting to both ears).
Bis-. [L.] Same as Bi-.
OstS-, Ost-i Ostll-. [Or. iraTcL] Down; downward;
under; agidnst; contrary to; opposed to; wholly;
completely ; as, ro/arrh, co/optrics, cathoUc.
OopnslO-. [Or. ffc^oAi) hesd.] Head ; pertaining to, or
connected with, tlie head ; as, cephalopo^
Ohloro-, Ohlor-. Containing chlorine as an ingredient ;
as, <rA/oroform.
CQlondro-, Ohonflr-r [Or. xoi'^pov grain of wheat,
cartilafre.] Like a grain; granular; cartilaginous; as,
cA4>n€/rostei.
Otronm-. [L. drc^tm ; akin to cireut circle.] Around ;
about ; surrounding : as, circumnavigate.
ds-. FL. ris.l On this side of ; as, cimlpine.
Oo-, Om-, Con-. Forms of Com-.
OOOI-. [L., same as cum with.] With; together; in
c<mjunotlon ; against ; very. It is written com- before
b, m, p, and sometimes /; col- ususilly before / ; cor-
before r/ co- usually before a vowel or h or ir; and
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES.
XXI
C4m- oraaDy in other cues; ai, combine, comminute,
eommre, comfort, co/lact, corrupt, ooact, colutbit, co-
worker, confer.
OOBtnh* [L. conira.l Against ; in oppoaitiou ; counter
to ; acroM ; as, con/rodict.
Oor-. A form of Com-.
OoortW-. [F. centre; fr. L. amtra.} Against ; op-
posite ; answering to ; contrary ; as, coimiermand.
CfrypIO-. [Or. Kpwrr^ hidden.] Secret; invisible to
tlie naked eye ; indistinctly ; as, ctyp/ogram, eryptoctj»-
talline (indistinctly crystailine).
OfOlO-. [Or. KVffAof circle, wheeL] Circular; of a
circle or wheel ; as, cyclometer.
!>•-. [L. dty prep.] Down ; from ; away ; — often with
negatnre force, sometimes intensive ; as, <iefer, t/cprave.
In words from the French it Is often equivslent to L.
Dn- ; as, <fcrange, detach.
DMA-, Dtka-. [Or. Hita ten.] Ten ; in the Metric Sys-
tem, derignating a weight or measure ten times the
principal unit ; as, decalogue, decttmeter.
DmI-. [F. dSH- tenth ; fr. L. deeimtu.] One-tenth ; in
the Metric System, designating a weight or measure
one-tenth of the principal unit ; as, deHmate, deciliter.
D«ll-. [F.; fr. L. dimidius half.] Half; as, demi-
moude. [of Dis- ; as, deshabille. I
Dm-. [F. ; fr. L. dis-.] Apart ; away ; not ; — a form |
DcvtO-, Dtnt-. [Or. a«vTcp<K second.1 1. Second ; as,
deit/oi]4aam (the second, i. e. albuminous, portion of
eggs having both a yolk uid albumen). 8. Id chemistry,
formerly, second iu a regular series of chemical com-
pounds ; now equivalent to Bi-, Di-.
D«Stro-. [L. dexier right.1 Pertaining to, or toward,
the right ; in chemistry and optics, turning the plane of
pcdarixed light to the right; as, dex/rorotary, dextrowe.
In-. [Or. &-, iiiy twice ; akin to 3vo two, L. bU twice.]
Twofold ; double ; twice ; in chemistry, denoting two
omsjradicals, or equivalents ; as, dichroism, dtUtsic.
Dla-,
[Or. Ml through.] Through; between;
dforama.
apart ; asunder ; across ; as, diameter, di
ra-. A form of D»-.
Dto-. 1. [L. ; fr. same root as bi* twice, duo two, E.
tteo.} Apart ; asunder ; in two ; undoing ; ^ often used
as a privative and a negative, also as an intensive;
as, difmpt, difconnect, dinrm. 2. [Or. dtf.] Same as
Di-, twofold.
Dti-. [Or. avf. hard, ilL] DI; bad; dIfBoult; as,
<fy«entery, dyspepaia.
B-. [L. e.] A form of Ex-.
Bo-. rOr. hi.\ A ferm equivalent to Ez-.
Sot-, EOtO-. [Or. jicr«k outside.] Without; outside;
external ; as, ec/organism (external parasitic organism).
Bf-. A form of Ex-.
BUotTD- [L. elHtrum amber. Or. ^<cTpor.] Pertain-
ing to electricity ; produced by, producing, or employ-
ing electricity ; as, e/ec/rolysis, e/ecf ro-magnet.
Bb-. a form of En-.
Bb-. 1. [F. ; fr. L. in."] In ; into ; on ; — sometimes also
having a causal force, sometimes intenrive ; as, enamor.
Kn- commonly becomes em- bef ore p, 6, and m ; as, em-
ploy, entbody, emmew. 8. [Or. iv^ prep.] In; into;
up<ni ; as, encaustic.
BDdO-.BDd-. [Or. ^K&w within, fr. iK in.] Within.
But-. Within ; — a form of Ento- ; as, en/optic (within
the eye).
BMir-. [F. mtre between; fr. L. iiUer.l Between;
among; part: an, en/erprise. [<oa.|
BntO-. [Or. ^rr^ within, f r. iv In.] Within ; as, ento- \
Bpl-, BP"* Bph-. [Or. ^t on, upon, to.] Upon ; beside ;
anumg ; on the outside ; above ; over ; after ; as, epi-
taph, crpode, epAemera. [lateral. I
Bqill-. [L. aequus even, equal.] Equally; as equi-\
S-. [OF. ; fr. L. er.] See Ex-.
Bb-. [Or. ct well.] Well; good; advantageous; —
opporite of Dti- ; aa, eulogy, euphony.
Sb-« E-. [L. er, e, or the kindred Or. c^, ^, out of,
out, proceeding from.] 1. Out of ; <^ ; from ; be-
yond; without ; — sometimes also having a privative
force, sometimes intensive ; as, eaeclude, excel, exacer-
bate, emanate. JSz' becomes </- before /; as, ^errent,
<friilgent. 8. Implying a former (indicated) ofBce, ata-
tion, or condition ; as, eaiqgovemor, exoonvict.
SlO-. [Or. <{m out of, outside, fr. «( out.] Out of ; out-
side ; as, exotic, exorhiza.
Bztza-. [L. ; fr. ex^er, compar. fr. ex out] Beyond ;
outside of ; besides ; in addition to ; as, ex/roordlnary.
FCRl-. [L. /errum iron.] Containing ferric iron as
an ingredient ; as, /erricyanide.
Fanro-t Ferroso-. Pertaining to iron; in chemistry,
containing ferrous iron as an ingredient ; as, /errotype,
/errocyanide.
Flao-. Containing fluorine aa an ingredient ; — a chem>
ical combining form ; as,yluophosphate.
For-. [AS.] A negative or privative prefix to verbs,
often implying loss, detriment, or destruction; also
used as an intensive prefix, meaning utterly; quite;
thoroughly ; as, /ot-get, /orbear, /orlom.
Foiro-. [AS.] Beforehand ; in advance ; before in time
or place ; as, /oretell, /orefather.
FnmtO-. [L. /roM^ froniiSt forehead.] Relating to
the forehead or frontal bone ; — an anatomical combin-
ing form ; as, /ron/onaaal.
Oastro-, OOfltr-. [Or. 'V«<^P. y^n-po*, beUy.] Ro-
uting to the stomach or digestive tract ; as, ga*tr<mom9,
loo-, Oo-. [Or. Y^a, y^, the earth.] Relathig to the
earth ; as, ^ography.
Homo-.
ror.
sembling, blc
Xfia, eufuKTOC, blood.] Relating to, or re-
ilood ; associated with blood; as, hematoid.
Hollo-. [Or. T}Atoc the sun.] Relating to the siin ; as,
Ae/iotype, Ae/iotrope. [Ae»»»«phere. I
Homl-. [Or. ^i ; akin to L. semi-.'} Half ; semi- ; aa, |
Hoptft-. [Or. cirra seven.] Seven; sevenfold; as,
Aep/ochord, Aep/agon.
Hotoro-. [Or. ercpoaptber.] Other ; other than usual ;
different ; as, Ae/erodox.
HOZ-, Hoia-. [Or. c^ six.] Six ; sixfold ; aa, Aexapod,
Aexangular.
Holo-. [Or. oAo« whole.] Whole ; complete ; entire ; as,
Ao/ograph, Ao/oblast.
Homo-. [Or. V(^ the same.] One and the same;
common ; joint ; similar : like ; as, Aomogeneous.
Hydro-* Hydr-. [Or. vUtp water; whence E. hydro-
in hydrogen.] 1. Relating to water ; as,. Aydrogren,
Aydrography. a. Obtained by hydrogen ; having liydro-
gen as an ingredient ; — a chemical combining form ; as,
Aydrocarbon. . ^, ^
Hydroxy-. Having hydroxyl aa an ingredient ; — a
chemical combining form, also sometimes used adjec-
tlvely ; as, hydroxy compounds.
Hyo-. ReUtmg to the hyoid bone or arch ; — an ana-
tomical prefix ; as, Ayomandibular.
Hypor-. [Or. vWp above ; akin to L. super, E. orer.]
Over ; above ; too ; excessive ; as, AypercriUcal.
Hypo-. [Or. vn6 under; akin to L. sub.) 1. In a
lower or inferior position or sUte; as, Aypotenuse,
Aypothesis. 2. Having a low chemical valence ; in a
low sUte of oxidation ; as, Aypophosphite, a phosphite
containing phosphorus in a low state of oxidation.
IdOO-. [Or. iS4a idea.] ReUting to ideas, conceptions,
representations, etc. ; as, ideojfraph.
IdlO-. [Or. lauK proper, peculiar.] Private; personal;
peculiar ; diatinct ; as, idiosyncrasy.
n-. A form of Ik-.
nio-. Relating to, or connected with, the ilium / — an
anatomical combining form ; as, iliolumbar.
Im-. A form of In-.
XXll
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES.
In-. 1. [E.<n,pi«p.ud«dT.,orL.iN;boUialdiitoOr.
^ la. J In; within; into; <m; among; — MOietimet used
with dmple intenalTe force. In words of Latin origin
it reguUrly becomes U- before /« ir- before r, and m-
before a labial, as 6, m, p ; as, ^bred, intrude, inode,
irruption, ^bue, immigrate, impart, moriminate. 2.
pL m- ; aUn to B. «ii-. j Not ; contrary to ; without ;
n<m- ; un- ; as, inadequate, i/logical, irresponsible, im-
meararable, improvident ; — this suflU rnanging like
the preceding.
IbAo-. Purtaining to East India ; Indian ; as, Indo-Euro-
pean.
iBtri-. [L. ; aUn to E. under.} Below ; beneath ; un-
der ; after ; as, ii^timaxillary.
iBttr-. [L. inter ; compar. of in in.] Among ; between ;
amid ; as, interfere, in/«rpolate.
btm-. [L. intra ; akin to inter.} Within ; on the in-
side of ; interior ; as, in/ramargliud.
mtlO-. [L. in/ro; akin to in^er.1 Within ; into ; In ;
inward ; as, in/roduoe, ih/rospectTon.
lOdO-, lod-. Earing iodine as an ingredient ; — a chem-
ical c<mibininff form ; as, iodide.
Ir-. A form of Ixr-.
SM^ Hi-. [Or. Xaot equaLI Identical; equal; of the
same numerical raloe ; as, iiometric
JUtft-. [L.] Near; nigh; dose; as,yiurtoposition.
as, macrocosm.
[Or. Ktwtif white.] White ; colorless ;
as, feiM^hyllous (white-leaved).
Lt¥0-, IrflYO-. [L. liBvu* left.] Toward the left; in
chemistry, referring to tlie plane of polarised light ; as,
ferorotary (turning this plane to the left).
UtbO-. [Qt. XtBot stone.] Fertahitaig to stone; made
of, or on^stone ; stony ; as, /i^Aograph, tithology.
LvtoO-. [I^ luteue. ] Orange yellow ; brownish yellow ;
buiS ; — a chemical combining form.
>. [Or. fMucp^.] Long; large; great;
_ Pertaining to, produced by, or connected
wtth, magnetism ; as, m<iff»«toelectricity.
■tl-, Mtt*-. [F. mal, or L. mHv, adv., fr. malut ill,
bad.] ni ; evil ; bad ; badly ; as, mo/ediction, ma/con-
tent, maladministration.
HtgA-, MmiIO-, M«f-. [Or. fMyof, gen. itry^Aov,
great] 1. Oreat ; extended ; powerfuL 8. A million
times ; a million of ; —combining forms In the Metric
Bvstem, electric science, mechanics, etc ; as, megathe-
rium, m^^volt.
■mo-. Km-. [Or. M^cHK in the middle.] In the mid-
dle ; intermediate ; as, »»««ocarp, m«jentery.
M«ta-, Htt-. [Oc, fttra between, with, after.] 1. Be-
tween ; with ; after ; behind ; over ; about ; reversely ;
as, m^tomeric, metothesis, m«fempsyohosis. 8. Other ;
duplicate ; corresponding to ; resembling ; hence, meta-
meric ; — chemical prefix ; as, mefaldehyde (substance
metameric with aldehyde).
■loro-, MIor-. [Or. iiutpit smalLJ 1. SmaU ; Uttle ;
trivial; slight; as, microscope. 8. A mllliouth part
of; —combining forms in the Metric System, electric
scieno^ mechanics, etc. ; as, microfarad (one millionth
of a farad).
Mail-. [F. ; fr. L. mille a thoussnd.] A thousandth
part of; —combining form in the Metric System, etc ;
as, mitfimeter.
M»-. [AS. mis- ; akin to O. mi$M'^ and fr. same root
as O. meiden to shun. Also OF. m«s-, fr. L. mintu
less. The prefix from the French has been supplanted
by tiie AS. form, which is now the one in use.] Amiss ;
wrong ; ill ; unsuitable ; unlike ; as, miitake, midead,
mitchief, miwrmnt.
Mono-, ■on-. [Or. M^t««.] One ; single ; alone ; sole ;
only ; as, monotony, monoxide.
Mmir, Molt-. [L. multu* much.] Much ; many ;
several ; more than one ; as, mn/Zifonu, mu//sngular.
Myo-. [Or. i&vv, iiv^, a muscle.] Bdafting to mos-
cies ; — an anatomicyU otnnbiniiw form ; as, myomii^bj,
Mym*. [Or. ^vpuit mvriad.] Tta thousand; t«a
thousand times ; as, myriapod.
Maao-. [L. naem nose.] Pertaining to, or oonnaetMl
with, the nose ; — anatomical combining form ; as,na«»-
lachrymaL
Mm-. [Or. vion yoathfuL] New; recent; late; as,
ncoi^yte.
Mmio-, Mmt-. [Or. rfvpov nerve.] Pertaining to a
nerve or to the nervous system ; as, nenropter^
Mttro-. Containing idter or compounds of nitrogen ; as,
nifrobensene.
Moo-. [L., fr. OL. neoenum not one.] Not ; on- ; in- ;
as, nonessential, nonconformity.
Olh. [L. o6.] To; toward; before; against; reversely:
— abo used Intensively. 06- is commonly ssslmilsted
before c, /, p, and p to oe^, <tA, 0|^, and op- reqwctive-
ly ; as, oMrude, occur, q/Ter, oppose, obverse, oteecrate.
Co-. A form of Ob-.
Colo-, Oola-. ih. oeto eight, or the kindred Or. oktm,
with c<Hnbining form hxr^- ; akin to E. eigkL} Bight ;
ei^th ; as, ociopod, octogon.
OdOOtO-, OdOBt-. [Or. oaovc, Utfrrev, a tooth.] Per-
taining to a tooth or teeth ; as, odontoloxy ^ orfon?ilgla.
Of-, Os-. Forms of Ob-.
OUgO-. [Or. ^yoc.] Few ; little ; as, oHgoKpexmaoM
(few-seeded).
[L. omni*.} All ; every ; everywhere ; as, omni-
it, omnipotent
A form of Ob-.
Orgiao-. [Or. 6pyapo¥ organ.] Belating to, or con-
nected with, an organ or organs ; as, ori^nogri^phy.
OnittllO-. [Or. opric, opyitfoc, a bird.] Pertaining to
birds; as, ornithology.
OrtllO-. [Or. &pMc straight.] Straight ; right ; upright ;
oresent,
<&. A
correct ; regular ; as, or/Aography.
OstM-. [Or. ^trrcoi' a bone.] Pertaining to, or con-
nected with, bones ; mm, otteoim.
OtO-, Ot-. [Or. o6t, MT^, the ear.] Psrtainlng to the
ear; In or near the ear ; as, otalgia.
Oat-. [E. OM/, adv. ; fr. AS. fi/.] From ; beyond ; more ;
not within ; as, outdo, otilside.
0¥W-. [E. orer, adv. ; fr. AS. qfer ; akin to L. mper.
Or. ytmi^.\ Above ; beyond ; in excess ; too great ; un-
due ; needless ; superfluous ; as, otvrdue, orerlap.
Ozy-. Containing oxygen; hydroxy-;— a chemical
combining form ; as, oxyhydrogen (having or using oxy-
gen and hydrogen).
Paidlf-. [Or. iraxik thick.J Thick; as, nocAydermata.
Pan-, Paata-, PaatO-. [Or. ira«, m., v«v, neut., gen.
n^yrof, all.] All ; every ; ss, pantheism, jMn/ograph,
pantomime.
Par-. [F. : fr. L. per.] By ; with ; through ; as, par-
don, parterre, paramount
Pan-. [Or. frapdL beside.] Alongside of; beside; be-
yond ; sgainst ; amiss ; as, paradox, para^tt.
rarl-. [L. par, paris, equal] Equal ; even ; as, pari-
pinnato.
PaitotO-. Connected with, or related to, the parietal
bones or parietal segment of the skull; —anatomical
comoinlng form ; as, panetomastold.
Pedl-, P0dO-. [L. pc^, pedis, foot ; aUn to E. foot.}
Pertaining to the foot ; pedal ; as, pecfiment, perfometor.
Poitth, Pant-. [Or. ircvra-, combining form of w4m
five ; akin to E. jf re.] Five ; fivefold ; asi^penlagon.
Par-. [L. per, prep. ; sometimes through F. par-.} 1.
Through ; throughout ; by ; for ; often used also inten-
sirely; as, perforato, perhaps, perforce, perspicuous,
perform. 8. In chemimry, formerly, havii^ the highest
valence ; now, having a higher valence than in some
other compound ; as, peroxide (an oxide In which oxy-
gen has a valence higher than In some other).
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES.
XZlll
[Or. ««pC] Anmnd ; bv ; near ; over ; beyond ; —
•lao uaed intoniiTeljr ; Mi pertmeteri perispberical (quite
ipbarioal).
Ftlro>» Pitr-. [Gr. w4rfitk a rock, Wrpot akoiM.] Per-
tatnfaig to rocka. ttone, etc ; aa, oe/roleum.
Pkno-, Pldl-. [Or. ^tAoc loTing.] Fond of ; attaobed
to; aa, pM2ok>Kjr, i»*i/antbropy.
~>. [Or. 4mm^ Bound, tone.] ReUtIng to aounds
peecb; as, oAonogn^plnr.
^ [Or. 4tS(, ^»r<r, Ugbt.] Bebiting to, or pro-
I bj, lijrtit ; aa, pkotogn^y,
00-. [Or. imicift natural, fr. ^vvtf nature.] Be-
j to, or depending upon, natural cauaea or tbe
adence of pbyaloa ; aa, /Xy^tfootbeoloor. [p^ology. i
PkftO-. [Or. ^vrtfr a plant.] Belaung to planU; as,!
Flair, FUBO-. (L. plimtu lerel.] Flat ; level ; plane ;
wide; flat; aa.
aa, olanimeter, /itaiio-conoaTe.
Flanr-. [Or. wkmrvt broad.] Broad
ptoqfoepbalous (wide-hoaded).
. [Or. wktvoi a rib, tbe aide.1 Relating to a
toonected witb tbe pleura ; as, jrfeuropnenmonia.
[L. plus, plurit, more.] More ; many.
■£»•. [Or. wcv^«, wti^nw, air, breatb.] Per-
j to tbe properties of air and other elastic fluida,
or to breath or respiration ; as, pneumaiolm*
[Or. «rv«v^uar, vy«viu)roc, a lung. J Relating
to tbe lunga ; as, jmntmogastric (relating to tbe lungs
[Or. votfc, woUt^ a foot.] Relathiff to a foot, or
the feet; as, jMOophyllous (baring leafl&e organs of
Foly-. [Or. wokik much ; aUn to B. fuU.! Many ; re-
jMted ; aa, polyfum. [pMmx, pottoXAt, I
Fast-. [Lb pM/ after.] Behind ; back ; after ; later ; as, I
FoslMO-. TL. potienu oondng after ; f r. pott after.]
PcMterior ; bacK ; later ; hinder; as, po«<fro-4nferior.
" — "■ — '" Forms of PWh, Fbbtse-.
t^ pretervaXMtiX.
Flo-. ' (X. pro,' or tfie kindred Or. wp6 ; akin to E. /or,
1 Before ; in front ; forth ; in behalf of ; in place of ;
li^to; as, 2>roject, prologue, nroTide,0ronoun.
fore.] Put ; Sy ; beyond ; monthan ; as,
prep.
Froo-. t&». 9pAi.^ tdwiuda; at
FlOV^, Frot-. [Or. vpMToc first, superL of wp6 before.]
1. Firat ; primary ; primordial ; aa, protoplasm. 2. As
a chemical otnnbining form : (a) First or lowest in a se-
ries ; having tbe smallest amount of the element named ;
aa, protosilicate (silicate with least silicic acid). (6)
Bometiraes equivident to Movo-.
I-. rOr. tfffvd^ lying, false.] False;
counterfeit; pretended; spurious ; — also used adjec-
tirely ; aa, osetMionym, p$evdo reliidon.
Fmko-. [Or. ifnn(4 the soul.] Relatfaig to the soul,
muid, or understandtog ; as, ptvcholon.
Fw-. [OF. por, pur, pour ; fr. L. pro. J Forward ; be-
fore ; aa, purcbsM. Bee Plo-.
PflO-, Fyr-. [Or. »vp, wp^, flre.] Causing, or
eaoaed by, flre or best ; aa, pyrology.
QjMdil-. [L., fr. quattuor four.] Four; four tlmea;
fourfold ; aa, ftMuf rflateraL
QptaUlM^ [L. guinque flve.] Five ; flve times ; flve-
nld; aa, fVM^tt^foliate.
Bo-, Rod-. [L.;aometimea through F.] Back ; against ;
agafai ; anew ; aa, recline, recall, rejom, reiterate, reas-
sure, [lineal. I
Roell-. DLreefMstraiKbt] Straight ; right ; as, recTi- 1
Bobo-. [!«• r^fro backward.] Back; backward; aa,
[Or. ^it, AuNk, tbe noae.] BeUtIng to tbe
'Ataoplast^.
[Or. vxtV<ir to split, cleava.] Dividing ; cleaT-
ing ; as, <cAicouarp (a dry fruit that splits at maturity).
>^-« [L.;akintoOr.i(M-balf.l Half ; bemi- ; partly ;
imperfectly ; aStMinicircle, semmukL
801^« 80Pt-> [L. teptem seven ; akin to E. setenA
Seven; seven times: aerenf old ; aa, jeptengle, teptC
f olioua (seTon-leaTed).
Sooqill-. [L., one half more, one and a half.] 1. One
and a half; as, «e<9tt<pedaL 2. (kmtainiiw three atoma
(of the substance named) combined with two atoms (of
another element) ; — chemical combining form ; as, set-
juioxide, [nial.|
Box-. [L. sex six.] Six ; six times ; sixfold ; as, Mxen- 1
Staimo-. [L. ttannum tin.] Pertaining to, or contain-
ing, tin ; — also used adjectively ; as, «/oNfiofIuoride,
ttoMHO c<nnpounds.
Stop-. [AS. *te6p- ; akin to O. «M</-, and to AS. atte6pan
to deprtve, bereave (children of parents).] Having (a
specified relationship) through a parentis marriage ; sm.
stepson, ffepfatber. [<fereograpby. f
8t«00-. [Or. oTCM^ solid.] Solid ; hard ; firm ; aa,|
I'L.mb under ; akin to Or. yw6.} 1. Under ; be-
neath ; below ; in an inferior position or degree ; in an
imperfect or partial state ; as, ««6scribe, mSserre, tub-
am, tubtudd. In wcnrds from L*tin it is regularly tue-
before e. tuf- iMtore/, tug- before g, and tup- before p ;
ram- before m, and ««r-b«orer occur in a few instances ;
as, Miccess, «i(/fer, M^gest, mmmon, Mirrender. See
alsoBus-. 8. Containing a small proportion or less tb«n
tbe normal amount of (the aubi^oe to tbe name of
which it is prefixed); — an obsdeacent chemical use;
as, ntfroxide (an oxide with leaa than the normal amount
of oxygen).
SoMor-. yJL. tuUer, a oomparatire form of tub under.]
Under ; beneath ; as, mMerf uge.
Boo-, Sol-, Bog-, Bom-, Bop-. Forms of Sro-.
Sopor-. (X. tuper over, above ; akin to Or. v»<p, B.
ov€r.'\ Above; over; more than; in a superior posi-
tion ; in addition ; in exceas ; exMedinsly ; as, tuper-
impose, Mpercede, fvpematural, raperabundant.
Sllpim-. [X tuora ; akin to «iiper over.] Over ; above ;
before ; beycma ; besides ; as, mpromundane.
Sv-. 1. [F., over, above ; fr. L. tuper, tupra."] Over ;
above ; beyond ; upon ; aa, ntrbase, rarcharge. 8. A
form of BiTB-.
Bus-. [Ii>, for tubt, fr. tub under ; sometimes through
OF. fr. L. tubtut below, fr. t%ib,] Equivalent to Sitb-.
Syl-, Sim-. Forms of Sm-.
Syn-. [Or. <r^p with.] With; along with; together;
at the same time ; as, «ynonym. Syn- becomes tyl- be-
fore /, and tjfm- before p, b, and m ; as, jy/lable, «ymboL
TompOfO-. Connected with tbe temple or temporal
bone ; — an anatomical term ; as, /emporo-aurlcular
(pertalnhig to tbe temple and the ear).
Tor-. [L. ter thrice.] Three ; thrire ; tii- ; aa, tercen-
tenary (relating'to an interval of 300 years).
Totra-, Totr-- [Or. Hrpa-, fr. riovapn, Wrropct, four.]
Four ; fourfold ; as, tetrahedron.
TlMnno-. [Or. 0^ptM.n heat, BtpitM hot, warm.] Relat-
ing to, causing, or cauised by, heat : aa, Mermometer.
Tlim-. [L. /nnu across.] Over; berond; through;
through and through ; on the other aide ; as, lran«al-
pine, troarform, /ronmigrate.
Trl-. [Or. vpc-, or L. tri- ; aUn to L. tret, B. Mrm.]
1. Three ; thrice ; threefold ; aa, friangle, Mcolored.
8. Containing three proportioaal or combining parts of
the substance named, or being of its third degree ; — a
chemical combining form ; as, trisulphide (a sulphide
containhig three atoms of sulphur).
Ultn-. [L. ultra beyond.] Beyond ; on the other side ;
exoesdvely; inordinately; as, uilromarine, tflfromon-
tane, u/fromundane.
Uft-. [AS. un-, on-; aUn to O. ent-, Ooth. and-, L. ante
before, Or. irri against.] Undoing ; reverting ; — pre-
XXIV
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES.
fixed : (a) to Terbt to expraw th« contnuy, not tbe rim-
fde negative, of the action of the verb modified ; m,
tmbend, ufido, unfold ; (6) to nouns, forming verbs ex-
prcMfting privation of tlie quality expreaaed by the noun,
or separation from it ; as, unchurch, tinaex. It is some-
times used merely as an intensive ; as, unloose.
Ull-. [AS. un-; akin to L. in-. Or. ay, a-, not, with-
out.] Not ; in- ; non- ; — prefixed to adjectives, parti-
eiplM, and adverbs, sometimes to nouns, forming words
expressing the negative of tbe meaning of the original
wOTd; as, unable.
Untar-. [B. under^ prep, and adv. ; f r. AS. under : akin
to O. untert L. infra below, inferior lower.] Below ;
beneath ; inferior ; as, umfermlne.
UbI-. [L. vntu one.] One ; single ; once.
Up-. [E. upy prep, and «dv. ; f r. AS. up, upp, fip ; akin
to 0. at^t and to E. wer.'^ Upwards ; over ; above ;
as, uphold.
mraniMMh. Cocwaining uranium ; — a chemical eombi»p
ing form.
In the place
to, and (on
Flo*-. [L. victt ^I> of vieii change, turn.]
of ; instead of ; representing ; next in rank
occasion) assuming tbe duties of a superior in office ; —
also used adjectively ; as, vicegerent, rireroy, rice ad-
miraL
WlUh. [B. vitk, hi iU old sense of against; fr. AS.
tciS ; akin to O. vidfr."} Against ; back ; in opposition ;
from ; away ; by ; as, tri/A^and, iriMdraw.
XylO-, Xyl-. [Or. tvko¥ wood.]
as, xytophone, xylogen.
Derived from wood ;
Zotf-. [Or./^an
xodlogy, todcomy.
animaL] Routing to animals; as,
SUFFIXES.
Non. — In the foUowing list of suflUxes there are included many which are now used and considered as such in
English, but which hlstoricUly are the result of older endings not always strictly suffixes, but often containing a
part of the stem of a primitive word, and also, sometimes, more than one original suffix.
Some very rare or much altered suffixes and a number of compound suffixes, the meanings of which are readily
gathered from the elements of which they are made up, are omitted.
•aUSt -tU*. [F. -able, or L. -abtiU ; F. -ible, or L. -/M/ii.]
Capable of being or doing ; fit to be ; causing ; — usuallj^
in a passive sense ; as, capaM«, passoMe, amenoMe, sult^
able.
CP* Oenerally the form -aHe is affixed to uncorrupted
infinitival stems of Latin verbs of the first coujujgattou
(verbs ending in -aro^ to verbs from the Anglo-Saxon,
and to all nouns whatsoever their source ; in other cases
46foisused.
•alAT, -fUy. Adverbial forms corresponding to -abls,
-IBLB.
••0. [Or. -«ur^ ; often through F. -a^ue^ or L. -aeu*A
Of or pertaining to ; partaking of ; one who ; as, cardi-
ac, demoniac, elegiac, sodiac.
•AOOOIIS. TL. 'aceus.'\ Having; pertaining to; resem-
bling ; full of ; as, cetaceous, herbac«(nw, saponac«ott«,
rosoreou/.
-MdOOS. [L. -ax, gen. -ads.'] Characterised by ; show-
faiff ; indicating : as, mendactou«, audacious, c%paciou*.
-WakCf. [L. -acitas; sometimes througli F. -aciU.'] A
suffix corresponding to -Aaous, and forming abstract
nouns ; as, audori/y.
-toy. [OF. -acie, or LL. -aiia.l State or quality of
being ; office of ; -cy ; as, abbocj^, primacy^ diplomacy,
advocacy.
-ad. [Or. -44- (nom. -ac).] 1. Thhig that Is (single,
double, etc.) ; mona<f, dyad. 8. Patronymic form equiv-
alent to -ID ; as, dryaJ, IIia<f , duncio^.-
-ago. [F. ; fr. L. -aticumA Collection of; state of
being; act of; allowance for; as, savaj^, umbroj^,
foliaoe, homay<>, dannaffe, hnakngf.
-al. [F. -a/, -«/, or L. -alis ; sometimes (forming nouns)
fr. F. -aUle, fr. L. neut. pi. -o/w.] Of ; perUining to ;
befitting ; becoming ; act of ; as, morto/, basa/, cordio/,
annua/, etema/, riva/, anima/, timxal.
•an, -ian. [F. -a», -oM, -ten, or L. -anu*^ -innu*.'\ Per-
taining to (office, profession, character, etc.) ; one who ;
as, urban, Lutheran, mammalian, ChHstion.
-ant. [Neuter pi. ending of L. adjectives in •anu».'\
Things pertaining tb (pertonn or places named) ; — used
of collections of anecdotes, 8a3ingB, etc. ; as, Virgiliafia,
Shakespeareana.
•aiioe, -anoy. [F. -an/v, or L. -an/m, .<n/»a.] Condition;
quality ; state ; act of : as, assiKtanrr, complaisance,
complaisanrv, rclevan/*v, plegawcr.
-antfrona. [Or. ^i^, av5p<k, a man.] Having stamens ;
staminate ; as, soiondrotu^ polyandrotui (with many sto-
is), gynandroM ( witli stamens inserted on the pistil).
[L. -aneiui.l Being; existing; as, contem-
poran^ofa, simultaneou*.
-ant. [F. -ant^ or L. -ans^ -anti*^ -en«, -entit.^ One
who ; that which ; doing ; -ent ; as, asceudan/, depend*
ani^ plion/, servan/.
-ar. 1. [L. -art*.] Of; pertaining to; -al; as, lunar,
stellar, regular. 8. [L. -ariut; sometimes through
French.] One who ; that which ; -er ; as, vicar, pillar.
-andl. [Or. dpx<k chief, commander.] Ruler; leader;
as, monarcA, symiKMiarcA.
-arohy. [Or. -opx^ 'i"* ^X<^ chief.] A rule ; rtiling ;
authority ; as, monarrAy, ollgarrAy.
-aid, -an. [F. ; of O. i>righi.l Of (such a) disposi-
tion or character; one who; liable or addicted to; —
an intenaive form ; as, bastartf, wisarcf , drunkanf , brag-
gart.
-ary. [L. -oWut.] Of or pertaining to: doer of
(something specified) ; place where ; as, arbitrary, vol-
untary, adversary, granory, diary.
•ata. TL. -o/uf, terrain, of past participles.] 1. -ed : —
IHurtictpial and adj. sufllx ; as, situa/f , desola/e, cauda/e,
oblo/c. 8. To make, cause, or act ; — verbal suffix ;
as, separo/e, aggrava/e, fasciua/e. 3. Denoting salts
formed from acids whose names end in -ic ; — cliemical
suffix; aa, chloro/e, nltro/f, sulpha/^. 4. [L. -a/u^.]
Agent ; office ; — a noun suffix ; as, oura/e, sena/e,
mandate.
-Illast [Or. /3Aa<rr6f sprout, ahoot.] Orowth ; forma-
tion ; — suffix used chiefiy in biological terms ; as, mero-
6/aW, holoMairf.
-bla. [L..6f/i<.]
See -ABLB, -IBLB.
-oaL [L. -enli*.'] See -kul, -la
-oarpona. [Or. xopir^ fruit.] Bearing fruit (of a kind,
or in a manner, indicated) ; as, monocarpou« (bearing
fruit but once) ; anthrocarTxnw (having some part of the
fioral envelope developed into Iruit).
-oaphalona. [Or. kc^A^ heod.l Halving a head or
heads ; as, hydrocfpAa/ou#, brachycfpAa/otM (having a
short head).
-da, -cnla, -culm, -cnlnm. [L. -eu/tw. 'cnloy •cutum,']
A small, diminutive, or little thing (of a kind indicated) ;
as, follir/e, auric/e, corpusc/«, animalcule, oalcu/ui, cur-
ricnlum.
-oraft. [E. craft, n.] Art; sklU ; trade; as, witch-
crafi, woodernft.
-cy. [F. -rr, -tif, or L. -«a.] Condition ; state of being ;
as, infancy, agency, captaincy, bankruptcy.
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES.
XXV
A torm of -mo ; aa, Ukf , paid, rmd.
rm. [Or. tipiin akiD.I Bkin ; intefrnment ; corer-
ing ; — an anatomical and biological aufBx ; aa, pachy-
derm, uidoderm,
•40B. [AS. dom authority, judgment ; lamo aa E. doom.']
Juriadlction ; dominion ; state or quality of beinv ; -ric ;
aa, kingdom, chriitendom, earktom, freedom, wliMfom.
-•d. 1. [AB. -ed, •od.'} Haring ; having been ; — termi-
nation of the paat participlea of regular verba ; also of
analogooa adjectirea formed from nouna; as, heat«d,
worked, talented, minded. 2. [AS. -ede, -de, -ode.]
Termination of the past tense, — aa of any regular verb.
•%9. [F. .^, past participle ending.] Recipient of ; one
on, or to wlMHn, somethmg ia done ; — oorrelatire to-OB,
the agent or doer ; aa, donee, mnt^.
•Mr, -lar. [F. -V<t, or -airet L. -arita.] Engaged in ;
employed at ; residing in ; one who ; aa, cannoned, can-
nonter, musketeer, vSunt«er, engiu««r, brigadier, gren-
ad«^, cavaUer.
-IB. 1. FAS. •OR, plural ending.] Two or more ; aa,
oxen, children, brethren. 2. [OfAS. origin.] To make,
render, or oanae ; — a suiBx forming verbs from noons
and adiectives ; as,strengt)ien,quicken,frighten. 3. [AS.
-em; akin to L. -omm, Or. •ivoc.] Made of ; pertaining
to;— adjective suffix; as, golden, leaden, wooden. 4.
[AS. -en.] Tennination of the past participle of many
strong verbs ; aa, brolien, beholden, gotten, spoken.
•tBO^, -«Miy. [F. -eitee, or L. -^ntia.'] Action ; state ;
quality ; also tliat which relates to the action or state ;
-anoe ; -ancy ; as, emergenev , emergency, diffidence, dili-
influenee, difference, excellence, excellency, ef-
^F. -ent, or L. -«m. -entu.) A suffix signifving (as
fonning adjectives) action or being; and (as forming
nouns) one who or that which is or does ; -ant ; aa, cor-
roden/, excellen/, emergen/, continent, quiescen/.
•«. [AS. -ere; akin to L. -arius.] 1. One who does;
agent; inhabitant of a (specified) place; a^ hater,
farmer, grater, Londoner. 2. [AS. -ra (for adverbs
-or) ; akin to O. -er, L. -<or. Or. -a*v.] More ; — com-
parative snffix of adjectivee; as, warmer, Ut(e)er,
thicker, earlier (i = y).
tug.'] In ;
belonging to; as, northern.
[L. -ernuM.]
aobalt^m, western.
-mf. [F. -erfe, LL. -erio, -arin.] Act ; behavior ; occu-
pation ; art ; place where something is done or kept ; col-
lectioQ ; as, robberv. foolery. Joinery, surgery, f oundery,
refinery, grocery. Anery, nunnery.
•«■. Plural tennination. See •«.
•MO*. [L. -e*eere.] To begin to ; to be in a (specified)
condition : as, acquiesce, coale«ce, efrerve«re.
Moant [L. -fJicens, •^seenti*, ending of present parti-
ciple of inchoative verbs.] Beginning : a^ adoIe«cen/,
obsQiescen/, seneMVn/, incandetcenf.
.•M. [OF. -eit, or It -ew, or Sp. -«*, or Pg. -e*; all
It. L. -en*i«.l 1. Belonging to a (specified) place or
oountry ; as, Chinese, Malteie, Portuguese. 2. The lan-
guage of a (specified) place or people ; as, Ghine«e, Jap-
ancje, etc.
-mvn. [F. -sjujue, or It. -ejco.] In the manner or
style of; like; •ish; as burlesque, moretque, pictur-
e«otie.
•MS. [OF. -esM, LL. -iMsa, Or. -unra.] Suffix forming
feminine nouns; -Ix ; as, anthoreM, UoneM, negre<«,
shepherdeM, sorcereu, gianteM, huutre**, counter,
prieeteM, ho«te«, poet«««, taiIore««.
•Mt [AS. -ott, -ejtt ; akin to O. -e«/.] Most ; — super-
lative suffix of adverbs and adjectives ; as, highe«<, no-
ble«/, Ut(e)e< thioke«f, earliest (i = y).
•«t, -#«•. [F. -el, maac., -e//e, fem.] Diminutive sufllx
of nouns ; -let : aa, qnartef, quartelle, minuel, barone/,
pocke/, face/, floweref, Intciiel, brune//e.
.•at [AS. -€9,- a9, -9.] Obsolete termination of the
8d peraon sing, of the pres. Indie, of verbs : as, wiUeM,
hope/A.
•ttld. [AS. -feald; akin to /widan to fold.] Repeatwi
(so many) timea ; -pie ; aa, four/o/d, manvoM, aeveu-
fold.
•tam. [L. /ormo form.] In the form or ahape of ; like ;
resembling ; having (such) a form or (so many) forms ;
as, fiU/orm, calci/onn, deform, mvit^orm.
-fal. [AS. /ul lull ; akin to L. plenutt Or. vX^pi^f.]
Full of ; abounding with ; causing ; as, hope/tc/, cheer/u/,
aw/u/, oarq^td, pMoq/id, powe^A'', f anc(^tM, doub^ni.
-fy. [F. -y(er, L.-ylc{ite;aklnto/(ioeretodo.] To make,
render, or become ; aa, fflorW* P<^l/y* ^^V^vVt li<]t><^*
rat^y, puri/y, teat^, aiip^/y, aoett/y, quaHfy, rect^.
-no. [Or. yfvit bom ; sometimes through F. •ghte.']
Tiling growhig or increasing (In a way indicated) ; thing
producing or generating ; aa, oxygen, hydrogen, cyano-
gen, endo^en, exo$vn.
'oenCor Or. -vti.,. , . .^
ducing ; yieldinj
[rgen (or Or. -yw^ bom) -|- -out ;
] L. -gentu.] Producing ; yielding ;
growing ; increasing ; aa, homogeneous, exoyenoiu, endo*
sometimes IT. kindred L. -gentu.]
Bearing
teeth);
yenoiM, •Xkaligenotu (producing alkalis), indloenoM.
[L. -ger (fr. geren to bear, carry) -f- -ow«.]
; producing ; aa, dentl^eroiw (bearing or having
cuci^eroH* (containing lime).
-gram. [QT.ypdfiiia thing drawn or written, f r. yp4^uf
to write.] Thing drawn or written; aa, monof^rcrm,
telegram, chronooram, cryptoyrom.
•gnpit [Or. -ypa^ deacrlbing ; akin to Or. ypo^ty to
write.] Thing drawn or written ; alao, a writer ; aa,
autoyropA, cryptooropA,teleyropA, phono^ro;)A,chrono>
graphs ]ptaitograpn.
-graphy. [Or. -^pa^ta, fr. ypA^tw to write.] Art of
wriung ; description ; a treatise ; as, ttonography^ hU
ography^mography^ vayogruphy^ phonography.
-grare. [O. gra/ earl, count. J A ruler ; — tennination
of titles ; as, maryrore, landyrore.
[AS. had.! SUte; condition; quality;
totality; -ship; as, manAood, childhood, knightAood,
brotherAood, priestAood, nelghborAood, widowhood, god-
Aeod.
-Hilt. A form equivalent in meaning to -abls.
-lo, -kMd. [L. -ims, or Or. -ur^ ; sometimes through
F. -iqur.] 1. Relating to ; characteristic of, or charao-
terixed by ; as, hiktoric, bistortco/, hyglen^, telegraphic,
sodic, politM*, politico/, calcic, magnettc, cubic, cub/co/,
periodic, periodica/. 2. Pertaining to ; having iU high-
est, or a relatively higher, valence in a compound ; — a
chemical use of -ic ; as, nitric (acid), sulphuric (acid).
-lot. [F. -ice, or (its commonest source) L. -iSia^ or (leaa
commonly) -iciia.] Act ; quality ; condition ; aa, mal-
ice, pumice, novice, notice, Justice.
-lot. [-ic + -'t pl* "iffnO Science or art of (the subject
specified in the stem word) ; theory or study of ; aa,
mathf>niattc«, static«, opttc«, ethic«, dynamic*, mbric*.
BiF^ Words ending in -ic« are plural in form, and
previous to the nineteenth century were construed aa
plural ; but they are now generally treated as singular.
-UL [F. -ide, or L. -tdti^.l Having a (specified) quality ;
as, rabid, morbid, acid, liquid, rigid, humid, timid.
-Ida. [L. -idtw, Or. -tjifc.l Usually, the nonmetallic, or
negative, element in a binanr compound ; — a chemical
suffix : as, oxtde, sulphide, chloride. [brownie. I
-to. Little ; -y ; -kin ; — a diminutive suffix ; aa, lassie, |
-I«r. See -UMM.
-11«. [L. -ilijf.] Of ; pertaining to ; like ; aa, mobi/e,
agi/e, docite, mercanti/e, veraati/e, piuertto, volati/e.
-In. Sell -iKR.
-IlM. [L. inuM^ -ina^ or Or. -tMK.] 1. Like; of; per-
taining to; aa, masculine, ferointne, canine, adaman-
tine, pristine, equine, genuine, aquiline. 2. (a) A
suffix forming names of substances ; aa, vaseline, glycer-
ine (commercial usage), iodine, bromine. (6) Basic
and alkaloidal substance ; — a chemical aulfix used in
forming namea of organic baaea and basic anbetaaoea,
XXVI
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES.
6q>. nitrogenout sabfltaacM ; m, quln^ie, morphiM. In
the preaent ■yatem of obeiiik»l terminology -to U die-
Uufftiished from -ine, and is need in nuning indifferent
end neutral tubetancea ; aa, gelatin, fibrin. 3. [F. ; fr.
L. 'ina^ Gr. -un|; aometimea G. -in.] Suffix forming
feminine nouna ; as, heroine, landgraYiiie, margrartoe.
•Ing. 1. [Substituted for AS. -eiufe, akin to L. -ant-,
•mU-t Gr. •orr^.] Ending of preaent participles; as,
girto^, ennoblif^, aoothin^, etc. 2. [AS. -ino, -ung.]
Aot of; result; aJao (secondary sense) ooUectioii; ttie
entire bodv of; aa, ridinj^, dyin^, feeling, winning,
ahippiiijir, boardinjir, olothiiH^; — a auifix for forming
nouns, origicaUy from verbe.
40O. IF. -ion, or L. -io, -iont*.] Act ; process ; result
oi a process; state; oondition; -tion; aa, dominion,
contagion. See -nov.
-IgiA. [French form eqnir. to E. -ic.] Haring ; involv-
ing ; -ic ; -ical ; aa, unique, antique, criti^u^, pnUgue,
4m. a form of -ixi.
•iBll. 1. [AS. -ise; akin to G. -itch^ Gr. -uncoc.] Per-
taining to ; like ; aomewhat ; in some degree ; aa, lav-
iM,aeIfi«A, boyi«A, brutifA, dandyi«A. 2. [F. -it-, LL.
•iae-f inchoative.] A verb aufflx of French origin, usu-
ally having a causative sense ; as, aboli«A, oheriiA, fin-
ifA, fumiM, gartti«A, impoverifA.
•Imi. [F. -inne, or L. -i«maw, or (their aouroe), Gr.
-toyi^.j Act, process, or result ; chsracteristio ; doc-
trine; aa, baptitm, galvanitm, organism, hypnotitm,
aocialivm, sensualim, Anglicanifin, Mohsmmedsnifm.
-tot [F. -itte, or Gr. -urr^.} Agent ; doer ; practioer
of; believer in; aa, theort«r, sodalif^, druggM, op-
timii^, anarchiff.
•tto. [Gr. -4x^9, or -trie.] 1. One of ; a fcdlower of, or
believer in ; as, presdamt<«, Jaoobito, bedlamite. 2. A
auifix used in naming mhienUs ; as, barite, meteorite,
sraphifo, pyrite. 3. Ending of names of salts formed
from scids terminating in -ous ; — a chemical suffix ; as,
nitrite,jphosphite.
•tlto> [vr, -iTtvJ Inflammation of (the put specified) ;
— a medical aulnx ; as, adenifif, bronohim, arthH/i<.
•Ity. [F. -i<^, or L. -i/a«.] A suffix equivalent to -tt ; aa,
equif^jveracif^, apontauei/y.
4Tt. iL. •ivus.'] Relating or belonging to; of the
nature of; tending to; aa, affirmatir«, active, oonclu-
aitw, diminution, deviaioe, conducive, irritative.
•IM, -toe. [F. -Uer, L. -490^, or (their source), Gr.
-i^dtr.] To make ; to do ; to practice ; to become ; aa,
memorise, economise, equalise, criticise, exercise.
-torn. A form of -mi.
-ktn. [Akin to LG. -Jfcen, G. -cAen.l Small; pretty;
-y ; -ie ; -let ; -ling ; aa, oatJtin, lamliJtin, bodJkin, nap-
inn, pipMn.
-le. 1. [AS. -o/. -uf, -ef ; or F. -ef, fr. L. -elliu.} UMd
for ; — often a diminutive suffix of nouns and adjectives ;
aa, bundfe, girdte, thrott/e, bridte. 2. A diminutive
and frequentative suffix of verbs ; aa, spark/e, qiecUe,
Joggte, dvk/e, crumbte.
•leu. [AS. le&t loose, false ; akin to G. -/os.] With-
out; free from; lacking; destitute of; aa, child/ess,
wit/eM, hometeM, breathteM, aensetest.
-tot [F. -e/ (= L. -eUiu) -f- -eT.] Used for; llttie;
small ; -le ; -kin ; aa, rivu/</, streamte/, arm/e/, braoe/e/.
•Ilk*. [E. like, adj. ; fr. AS. gelle like, fr. praf . ge- + tU
body, ahape.] Resembling; -ly; as, homelike, child-
like, war/iJte.
-Unff. 1. [AS.] Small thing ; — a diminutive or depre-
datory suffix forming nouns ; as, found/in^, duckling,
goaling, hire/ino, under/in^, stripling. 2. IKS. -linga,
•lunga.) In a (specified) condition or direction ; -long ;
—adverbial suffix ; as, dark/in^, flat/ift^ (flatwise).
•Ittll, -Ute. [Gr. \£»iK a stone.] PertahiinR to stone ;
— endings of names of minerals ; aa, moaoliih, aero/i/A,
aSro/ite, meteoro/ite.
40fy. [Gr. -Aoyia, fr. A^ diacoursSf fr. >Jytw to
speak.] A disoouiae, treatise, doctrine, theory, teiaiiot,
enc, concerning; as, bioto^, etymoJoyy, •ntomofeyy,
moTphologjf, histo<<My.
-tottg. [AS. -^tmffo.] In a (apeeified) oondition or direo-
tiou ; -Ung ; — adverbial suffix ; aa, headton^, aidefon^.
-ly. [AS. 4ie, orig. tame as E. like ; or aometimea from
a kindred IceL ending.] Like ; resembling ; — a tntbx
forming adjectivea and adverba ; aa, 1
f ul/y, pudnfy, nob/y, oost/y.
, home/ y, ugf y. fear-
-fluuioy.
specified
money.
[Gr. iiaamuL divination.] Divination (by a
meana or method); as, neeroMonry, chut>-
[F. -menf, or (
Act,
or nti souroe) L. -menfwm.l ,
state, of o<mdition of being ; proceaa ; reault of ; that
which ; aa, contentmen/, manajgeiNen/, impedimenl, in-
f ringemenl, com^men/.
-m&n* [Gr. lUpot part] Part; portion; — a combin-
ing form in biology, etc ; aa, bIastoi»»ere.
-mitor. [L. melrum, or Gr. itirpw, measure.] A thing
used for measuring; as, hydrometer, barometer, chro-
nometer, dynamometer.
-BMliy. Art, proceaa, or adenoecrf measuring; as, chro-
nomelry, eeomefry.
-mony. [F. -monie, or (its sooroe) L. •monia^ or -mtmi'
um.j Action; result of an action; faculty; state of
being; abstract condition; aa, matrimony, testimony,
alimony, parsimony, aanctimony, ceremony, patrimony.
^ - [Gr. Mop^ form.] Havhig (a spedfled)
form, shi^M, or condition ; as, amoniAoiu, iaomorT^AoKs.
•most [AS. -me*t; confused with E. fnott, fr. AS.
m£«f.] In the highest degree ; -est ; — superiative suf-
fix ; as, topmosi, lowermoff , uf^rmod.
•B. A form of -nr.
-BMB. [AS. ; akin to G. -nit, -niss.} Quality or state
of bdog ; condition ; — suffix formins abstract noons ;
as, goodneM, likeneM, hoUnesf, empmew.
[AS.-tic.] Small; young;— ad
ahillocA. buUocA;, mattocJb.
-«ldaL [Gr. -o-ctai^v, fr. cttov form, Hw to see.]
Like ; resembling ; in the form of ; as, alkaloid, alka-
loidal, botryoitf, botryoi<fo/, asteroiif, spheroi<f.
-naUL. [Gr. -tttfia, -Mfiarof .] Morbid condition ; tumor ;
— a medical suffix ; aa, glaucoma, fibroma (tumor
mainly of fllmras tissue).
•UK. [L.; scmietimes through F. -or, •<ntr.'] 1. Act,
state, or quality ; as ardor, fervor, demeanor, behavior.
2. Agent or doer ; -er ; — correlative to -n ; as, donor,
actor, author, assessor. See -tob (the true Latin fonn
of the suffix in this sense).
-OTT. 1. [L. -oritu; sometimes through F. •oire.'} Per-
taining to ; for the purpose of ; serving for ; as, auditory,
peremptory, valedictoty, promlasofy. 2. [L. -orium;
sometimes through F. ■inre.'\ That which pertains to,
or serves for ; place where ; aa, consistory, f aotofy, oon-
ditory.
-OM. [L. -ostM.] 1. Full of ; containing ; like ; aa, glo-
bo«e, comatose, morose, verbose. 2. Belonging to the
group which includes the sugars, starches, xnA gums ; —
a chemical auffix ; aa, dextrose, odlulose, glucose.
-our. rOP.] A form of -OB.
-mm. [OF. , f r. L. -ostw, or -us.] 1. Full of ; abounding
in ; having ; addicted to ; poaaessing the qualitiea of ;
like ; as, vslorous, generous, globows, (merons. 2. Hav-
ing a lower valence than that denoted by -lo ; — a chem-
ical suffix ; as, nitrous, sulphurous.
-ptostto. [Gr. wXaaruc6i fit for molding, fr. vAaovctv
to form.] Developing ; forming ; growing ; as, mono-
pliutic (that has one form) ; heter(^>tosiie (produdng a
different type of organism).
-ptosty. [See -PLASTIC.] A forming; development;
ffrowth ; as, perineop/os^ (the proceaa of restoring aa
injured perineum by growth).
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES.
-fto. [Lb -piutA Bepeated (ao many) timM ; -fold ; m,
<|indrnpl0, triple, mxtaple,
•piod. L^r. «ov«, «o56c, foot.] Earing (such, or to
many) feet ; footed ; as, decafwcf, ampbiporf, myrlapod .
•p«ia. [See -VOD.] Sufllx uaed in naming ehMen,
ordcn, etc., of inaecta, oruataoeana, etc., referring to
I kind, etc, ni tbeir feet; as, ampliipoda,
-ltd. [A& HUen.1 Condition; state; -hood; 4iead;
as, Idndreif , hat(e>«(l.
•ite* [AS. rfee kii^om, dominion.] Dominion ; Joris-
dktion ; district ; office ; -dom ; as. bishopHc.
A [A form of -bbt.] Method ; place ; region ; ooUec-
ooo ; art <rf ; as, yeomanry, rcTelry, imagery, enginery.
•«. [AS.-M.] 1. Sofllz forming the posseesiTe singular,
and sometimes the posseesiTe plural, of noons (written
V); as, man*#, menV, Tirtoe*#, socoess*«. womanV,
women't. 2. In a secondary use, a suffix forming
adverbs; as, toward*, always, noway#, betime«, un-
••,•«•. 1. [AB. "Of ; perhaps in part also F.-«.] Plural
suffix for nouns ; as, hope«, gO(MU, chattek, meaning*.
S. In Terbe the ending of the 3d pers. sing.,— snbrti-
toted for the earlier -th.
lOOH. [Or. atnm6t a watcher, fr. vkoww to Tiew.]
An mstrument for obserring ; as, microfcope, horoMope,
[See -soorm. J Obeerration ; examination ; sur-
▼or ; as. microscopy.
^nlpw [AS. 'Scipe.'] State ; office ; dignity ; profes-
) sion; art; -heaa; -liood ; -red; as, authorship, king-
Mi^, oomradeMifp, wor<Mp, hwsemansAtp.
■kil See -non.
-MOW. 1. [Or. <rikMia the body.] Thing pertaining to,
or forming part of, the bodv; — suffix of biolo^cal
terms ; as, cephalo«om« (anterior region of head of in-
jects). S. [AS. -win ; skin to E. Mme.1 A suffix bar-
ing prlmarQy the idea of sameness or luceness, and de-
noting a considerable degree or quantity of the thing or
quality indicated by the first part of the compound ; as,
mettleJOivM, gladsome, win«ome, blithe«ome, fuLiom^,
gnieJOt»»«.
-■iHr. [A& -esTre, -iifre.l Agent or doer (originally a
woman) ; esp., one who does something with skill, as an
oocopatioa, or habitually : as, spinjTrr, songster, bax/er
(= bakedar), youngster, dab«r<T, pun«<^.
^trWB. i-sler -f •eu.'] Feminine agent ; as,
street, seanutfrcM.
-t [AS. -/, •^, Se, -^tf.] Act ; deed ; -th ; — atermina-
tlon of abatract noons; as, fligh/, mighl.
Bong-
ZXTll
•te«B. [AS. -/^Ntf,-/^; akintoE.lm.] Increased by
ten ; — termination of numerals ; as, fourteen, nineteen.
-tb. 1. [AS. .^, Sth -^e-] State; qualitv; rasolt of
an act; thing existing iu a conditioii indicated; as,
wid/A, heal/^ truM, spiUA (that which is niUed),
mtath (green folisge). 2. [AS. -^a; akin to L. -/m.
Or. -Toc.j Earing (such a) place or order;— termina-
tion of ordinal numbera ; aa, four/A, fifM, nin/A. 8. A
form of -BTB.
-tkn. [L. -iio, -tioni*; aometimes through F. -/ten.]
State ; action ; result of an act ; — termination of ab-
stract nouns ; as, condi/ten, decep<ten, inducften, emo*
ften. From the standpoint of English the suffix often
seems to be -^tm ; as, action, constructten, subjectten.
-tor.* [L. ; sometimes through French.] Agent or doer ;
•or ; -er ; as, qperater, inipec/or, regulater.
•IllE. [L.] FOminine sulBx correq^nding to -tob ; as,
execulrtx, administra/rtx.
-Cy. 1. [AS. •tig.'] Ten times; multiplied by ten ; —
terminanonof numerals; as, forty^/y, sixty. 2. t^.
-1^, or (its source) L. -tot, -te/it.] The being or baring a
(qjMcillBd) i«<>perty or ouality;— termination <rf ab-
stract nouns ; as, equi/y, bounty, beauty, entity.
[F., or (its source) L. -«/tw.1 Little ; pretty ;
-diminntire terminaaon of
•cule ; -de ; -
globtt/e.apherute.
-vn. [F., or (Ita aoorce) L. 'Vra.'} Action; being;
thing produced; abatract condition; aa, cenatcre, ex^
poavre, torture, cinctnre, rupttire.
-waid, -wafds. [as. -treartf, -veardes; akin to L.
versus toward. The s of -wards is the adrerbial -«.]
In a (specified) direction ; baring a (q>ecifled) motion or
tendency ; as, hometrord, leetcorcf , outtrorrf, outtronte,
upirante.
-Wty, -wayi. [E. troy, n., fr. AS. weg; akin to L. via
war. The s of •urays Is the adrerbial -«.] In a (apeci-
fled) manner or direction ; -wiae ; aa, notroy, noiray«,
croaairoy, anytroy, eadteavs.
-WlM. [E- «^«« manner, fr. AS. triM.] In a (specified)
manner, fashion, mode, or directi<m ; -way ; -ways ; as,
edgetriie, nowise, lengthiri«e.
-T. 1. [AS. -ig ; akin to O. -<y, L. -icus, Or. -ut6t.] Be-
ing in a condition characterised by ; haring ; full of ; —
aimlx forming adjectires from nouns and rerbs ; as in
heary, guilty, bum. 2. Little ; -ie ; -kin ; — most used
as a familiar ending of Christian names. 3. [F. -te,
or (its source) L^ -te, or Or. -mu] A haring ; resem-
Uanoe ; somewhat ; -cy ; -ence ; -ency ; — originally a
termination of abatract nouns; as, prophecy, onry,
treasury.
Note. - The forgoing list of Prefixes M^ Suffixes in connection with the «^
SDable a learner tobeoome acquahited wHh the formation of worda and the aijgniflcaiion of .their oonstltnent pwrts.
the pnpO be requt
faichiding the root a..^ --j-rr— - - — ^
use of the prefixes and of the more common suffixes. , , ^_^ * ^ *v . ^ i.
Another method would be to giro a list of words for analysis, requiring a careful sUtement of the meaning of each
word, and how this meaning has grown from the root by the infiuenoe of prefixes and sofBxee.
OtlMT motlioda of vSgtM tatSe will ocoor to the thooghtfal teacher.
RULES FOR SPELLING CERTAIN
CLASSES OF WOUDS.
FOUNDED ON THE ORTHOGKAPHY OF DR. WEBSTEB
AS EXHIBITED IN THIS VOLUME.
f L The letters /and /, at the end of monosyllables,
and standing immediately after single vowels, are gen-
erally doubled ; as In tUtjf, c/i/T, doff, puff; all, bell, hill,
toll, nnll. The words ele/, if, of, and sot, are exceptions.
f 2. The letter s, at the end of a monosyllable, and
after a single vowel, is generally doubled, except when
used to form the possessive case or plural of a noun, or
third person singular of a verb ; as in ffrasg, pre$M, hi**,
moM, trusM. The only Important exceptions are a», fftu,
hat, was, yes, hit, is, thus, and u».
f 3. Besides /, /, and «, the only consonants doubled
at the end of a word are b, d, g, m, », p, r, /, and s.
Words in which these letters are doubled are abb, ebb ;
add, odd, rudd; egg, mumm (to mask); inn, bnnn;
wapp : gnarr, parr, err, birr, shirr, skirr, burr, purr ;
» mUt, bull ; fizz, fuzz, buzz.
$ 4. A consonant standing at the end of a word im-
mediately after a diphthong or double vowel La never
doubled. The words ait, peat, haul, door, and maim,
are examples.
§ 6. Monosyllables ending, as pronounced, with the
sound of k, and in which c follows the vowel, have usu-
ally k added after the c; as in black, knock, buck. The
words lac, zac, talc, zinc, ploc^ roc, soc, arc, mare, ore,
and/Uc, are exceptions.
Words of more tlian one syllable, ending In ic or iac,
which formerly ended In k, also words derived from the
Latin or Greek languages, or from other sources, or
formed in an analogous manner, 'are now written with-
out the At ; as, maniac, music, public. The word derrick
is an exception. Words of more than one syllable, in
which c is preceded by other vowels than i or ia, com-
monly end in ck; as arrack, barrack, hammock, hillock,
wedlock. The words almanac, sandaruc, limbec, rebec,
manioc, and havoc, are exceptions.
§ 6. In derivatives formed from words ending in c,
by adding a termination beginning with e, i, or y, the
letter * is inserted after the c, in order that the hitter
may not be inaccurately pronounced like s befort^ the
following vowel : as, colic, colicky ; traffic, trafficked,
trafficking, traj^ker ; zinc, zincky.
§7. In derivatives formed by adding a termination
beginning with a vowel to monosyllables and words ac-
cented on the last syllable, when these words end in a
single consonant (except x) preceded by a single vowel,
th«it consonant is doubled; as, clan, clannish; plan,
planned, planning, planner; hot, hotter, hottest; tpit,
witty; cabal', cabnl'ler ; abet*, abelUed, abet'ting, abet'-
tor : infer*, inferred*, infer*ring.
The derivatives of the word gas (except gassetl, gas-
sing, and gassy) ar« written with but one » ; as, gajteoits,
gaseity, gasify. Ez'ceUence, as being from the Latin
excellens, retains tiie double /, though one / has lieen
droppM from the termination of excel*. It is no excep-
tion to this rule that chancellor, and the derivatives of
metal -xnd crystal, m metalloid, metallurgy, erystnlline,
crystallize, and the like, are written with the (doubled,
xzviU
since they are derived cespectively from the Latin eim-
cellarius (through the French), and metallum, and the
Greek luivaTaAAof. So also the word tranquilliiy retains
the double / as being from the Latin tranqvilliias, while
the English derivatives of tranquil, thotigh often written
with two Vs, are more properlv written with only one,
as tranquilize, tranquilizer, and the like.
§ 8. When a diphthong, or a digrapli representing a
vowel sound, precedes the final consonant of a word, or
the accent of a word ending In a single consonant falls
on any other syllable than the last, or when the word
ends In two different oons<Miant8, the final consonant is
not doubled in derivatives formed by the addition of a
termination beginning with a vowel : as, daub, daubed,
dauber; need, needy; rer*el, rev*eled, rev*eling ; trav*- *
el, trav*eling, trav'eler ; proffit, profiled ; stand, stand-
ing.
The final consonant is doubled in the derivatives of a
few words ending In g, in order to diminish the liability
to its being pronounced like/, before e ort'.* as, hum-
bug, humbugged, humbugging; periwig, periwigged.
Tlin word woolen is more generally thus wntten, in the
Uuited States, with one /; but in England it is wTitten
woollen.
N^'TK. - There i« n luf^u rljtsa af n-orilPi^ndmK in a liu-
?;1-- ■ I'lP^iUhAiii, Axii] ^lc^i:ent^N! pjri MOnn* otlier Hytlsble thaji
fc. i -T. th- TlffiM rotii»4itLn[jtJ» of v4l)if"!» ST<*, by rery insu^
w;.il-i^. lilt I. vJ.'i'HjTH.r'lii'n'. diHi-blml in lhi?lr Fipi-trttl*"i?»^
uii.i ' ■ — LiiK ^LEj^l rtMitnirlly tr> mialngy, Thf>*?wordii
at' T ]ii^ iiy i]ko«ii* oiidhitr iik t^ with sIjio ii Tk^w of o^hAr ter-
romni JMiL'i. Thi^ follovriiij; h^l, tbi* vrortii iti wblcU ani
chi. rU' vrrbh., iTm^^iil^'N iXw iinjut flllll^rtailt Of tbD44<' !■« TV^
ear. I t'. wlii:<'if* nftmjf vnrtei*: naru^l^', ntijyfreJ^. hntrrl,
hfrfi^ hhi-g^ hutrH. z%iu\ \t* rfMujioimLls, tnm'rLcnrhirri^
ani ftll Ainitlai- wi-injn ending In nr*'t^ t^jriUr^irm, chfmtn^^
c/i"rf, t'vtiirpri»niK f^fittfref^ ffufifrf, i/ftit^ tti^hwfHi, ftoit^ef,
tfl\r^f, rififf. rmittm^U *'-tt'im^L r'jHrit^ fitttnrL ffattibot^
or-"Tf. firrtrpf^ hifnthfh hnU-hH^ (rtt peril, jftffi. kfnnet.^
h'lhtftp, hth^f^ ttnirfl^ frvrt-, tfhtl^ mfJr.*htfK mttrrvl, ta*4fif,
m'ini, mt^ir-/, ftfmrf, j^tjrttUrK futnrly jH'tfi.'if,i>ef^i, jTiMletl:,
pfnumeh astffrrrf^ r*firL rf^ff, rhuL rotf-ff, /h*yef, AhriieU
sni*fi, t*iMft, itrijfel, {tttinm^tt ffftf^rK tttitn*'t, KnrfttfK
virti, rit-tmil. ipfimhip, hi thin Dlrtldn^ry, the deriva-
tivi-n Df ttiPfli* wonia. srn nm\f Uf I'iwiforrji to tlip rule, as
re- i.imnn?nded by Wjiiksr, Lowth^ tvTty* aikl other emi-
nent scliuUrs.
$ 9. Derivatives formed from words ending in a dou-
ble consonant, by adding one or more syllables, com-
monly retain both consonants: as, ebb, ebbing; odd,
oddly; stiff, stiffness; fen,fellable; skill, skill/ul, skill-
fulness; will, willful, tcillf Illness ; dull, dullness; full,
fullness. So alw the doiibln / is retained in the words
installment, inthrallment, thralldom, and enrollment
(from install, inihrall, thrall, and enroll). In order to
prevent the false pronunoiation they might receive If
spelled with one /. M'tny writers and lexicographers,
especially in En«rland, rnntt one / in these words, as also
in the derivatives of skill, irHl, dull, and full, formed by
adding the syllables ly and ness.
BULES FOB SPELLING CEBTAIN CLASSES OF WOBDS.
TlM deriratlTM aiptmt^ are ezoeptiooa to the rale,
beiof written with only one/; m, wmHfte^ jtonUiJleal^
fionnJMal, end the like. One / aleo is dropped in a few
words formed by adding the termination /y to words
ending In 2/, in order to prerent the conourrence of three
Ps: as, m, iUy; duU, duUy ; /uU, fully.
f 10. In derivatives formed from words ending with
siMnt e, the e is generally retained when the termination
begins with a consonant : as, pale^ paleness; hale^ hate-
hu; move, mavemsni. Wlieu, however, the e is imwe-
dtetely preceded by another vowel (except «), it is often
dropped from the derivative : as, aue^ duly ; awe^ ate-
ful ; and derivatives and compounds of these words.
The words wholly^ nurding^ wisdom^ tUfridgmenit ac-
kiuncUdgmentf lodgment^ judgment y and tlie compounds
of some of tlieae, are exceptions. The last four, how-
ever, are written, by many authors, abridge menty ae-
kmowledgementy lodffement.Judgenttnt.
) 11. In derivanves formed from words ending with
sQent «, wlien the termination begins with a vowel, the
c is generally omitted, except in the cases mentioned in
the next paragraph : as, bnde, bridal ; ti«e, usage ; come,
com^g : shape^ sKapin^g ; mwty movable ; fleece, fleecy ;
foree^ forciole.
The e is retained in the words hoeing, shoeing, aud
toeing (from Aoe, «Ao«, and toe), in order to prevent
donbt as to the pronunciation. It is retained, also, iu
the words dyeing, singeing, springeing, swingeing, tinge-
ing (from dye, singe, springe, swinge, tinge), to dlstln-
gmsh them from dying, singing, springing, swinging.
tinging (from die, sing, spring, swing, Itna). Tlie word
mueage, as commonly written, does not omit the «,though
it is sometimes, and more correctly, spelled m Uage. The
words lineage, lisieal, and pineal, though appareutlv ex-
ceptions, are not really such, since they are derivea not
directly from line and pine, but from the Latin Hnea
(through the French J, linealis, aud pinea. The e, stand-
ing, in a derivative, before a termination beginning with
a or o, and immediately after c or o, is retained in order
to preaerve the soft sounds of these consonants: as,
peaee^ peaceable : notice, noticeable ; manage, manage-
able; change, changeable; advantage, advantageous;
outrage, outrageous ; mortgage, mortgngeor. The latter
word is sometimes very improperly written mortgagor,
and pronounced mor*ga-jor,
% 12. In derivatives formed from words ending in ie,
by adding the termination ing, the e is dropped, and the
i changed to y. in order to prevent two Vs from coming
together : as die, dying ; vie, rying.
$ 13. In derivatives of words ending in y preceded
\n a consonant, and formed by appending any termina-
tkm except one beghining with i, the y is usually changed
into <•• as, icy, iciest, icUy; mercy, merciless; foggy,
foagineu ; pity, pitiful.
T%e derivatives of adjectives of one syllable ending in
y preceded by a consonant, are exceptions, and usually
retain the y .* as, shy, shyness. But the adjectives drier
uA driest, from dry, are commonly written with i in-
stead of y. Derivatives formed by adding the termina-
thm skip, as secretaryship, suretyship, ladyship, and the
Uke, lUso retain the y. The words babyhood and lady-
kin are likewise exceptions. The y is also retained in
the possessive case singular of nouns, when formed by
addintr * with the apostrophe : as, eofintry^s, everybody's.
f 14. Derivatives formed by affixing a termination
to words ending in y preceded by a vowel, generally re-
tain the y unchanged: as, gay, gayrty, gayly; obey,
ebbing ; Joy, joyful ; gluey, glueyness.
The words daily, laid, p<tid, said, saith, slain, and
staid (from day, lay, pay, say, slay, and stay), with their
compounds, are exceptions. Staid, however, is some-
times written stayed. Derivatives from words ending in
S, aa eotloquies, from coltoauy, are not exceptions to
) rule, as n, in such cases, is not strictly a vowel, but
itands for the consonant tr.
f 16. Derivatives formed by appending a syllable
beginning with a vowel to words endbig with a TOwel
sound, generally retain the letter or lettera renreienting
such sound : as, husMa, huMMoed ; agree, agreeable, agr^e-
ing; weigh, weighing; bow. bowed; beau, beauish.
Derivativea of words of this class ending in silent «, aa
also those formed from words endhig in double e by add-
lug a termination beginning with e, drop the final e .* aa,
hoe, hoed ; agree, agreed. The cases mentioned in sec-
tions 11, 12, and 13 are ^ao exceptions.
L16. Derivatives formed by prefixing one or more
ibles to words ending In a double consonant com-
monly retain both consonants : aa, rebuff, befall, inthrall,
foretell, fulfill, emboss (from buff, fall, thrall, tell, fill,
boss).
The word until is an exception, being always written
with one /. Those words of this class which end In //
are written bv some authors, especially In England, with
one/.* ua,befal,inthral,foretel,fulfll, enrol. The words
distill and instill should be written with the / doubled,
though they are often written distil and instil, with only
onef.
§ 17. Compound words formed by jdnlng two or
more words commonly retain all the lettera of the alm-
ple words : as, stiff-necked, wide-mouthed.
There are numerous exceptions to this rule, many of
them compounds which by long use have acquired the
force of dn^e words. They are the following : namely,
some compounds of all and well; as, almighty, almost,
alone, already, also, although, altogether, always, withal,
therewithal, wherewithal, welcome, welfare ; — com-
pounds of mass ; as, Christmas, Michaelmas, etc. ; —
words of which the second part la the adjective full ;
as, artful, woeful ; — u-Uo, the words chUlkain, fulfill,
namesake, neckerchief, numskull, pastime, ttandish, and
wherever.
) 18. The plural of nouns regularly ends In s, or, in
certain classes of words, in es.
When the noun In the singular ends with such a sound
that the soimd of « can unite with it and be pronounced
without forming a separate syllable, s only is added iu
forming the plural: as, sea, seas; tpoe. woes; canto,
cantos; daw, claws; chief, chiefs; path, paths; gem,
gems; act, acts. A few plurals from nouns endhig In o
preceded by a consonant, ehd in e«.' as, echo, echoes;
cargo, cargoes; potato, potatoes. Other nouns of this
class generally form their plulials reguhu-ly, though usage
differs with regard to some of them. Those In which
final o is preceded by a vowel form their plurals regu-
larly. The plural of alkali is written alkalts or alkalies ;
that of rabbi, either rabbis at rabbies. With regard to
other nouns ending in i usage differs, thouffh they are
more properly written with the termination is.
When the noun In the dngular ends with such a sound
(as that of ch, sh,j, s, x, or t) that the sound of s can
not unite with It In pronunciation, but roust form a sep-
arate syllable, e is Inserted before s in forming tlie plu-
ral, untoss the word ends with sUent e, in which case
the hitter serves to form a separate svlha>le with s : as,
church, churches; age, ages; lace, laces; gas, gases;
maze, mazes.
To express the plural of a letter, figure, or any char-
acter or sign, or of a word mentioned without remrd to
its meaning, the letter s, generally preceded by the
apostrophe, is appended, as in the phrases, ** The two Vs
In all ; »' *' The two (Ts in 400;'' " The why's and where-
fore's of the question.*'
§ 19. Nouns ending in y preceded by a consonant
form their plural by adding es and changing y into < >:
as, mercy, mercies; sky, skies; pUy,oiHes. This role
Includes words ending in quy. In which u, behig pro>
nounced like w, is strictly a consonant : as, colloquy,
colloqtties. The plural of proper nouns endhig In y pre-
ceded by a consonant. Is formed by chanffing y Into ies,
according to the rule : as, "The three Maries." Many
writers, however, form the plural of such words by sim-
ply adding *.• as, ** The three Marys. '
xxx RULES FOB SPELLING CERTAtN CLASSES OF WORDS.
When the afngolar of a noon ends in y preceded by a
Towel (except u having the power of w), the plural Is
regularly formed by adding t only : as, (fay, daps ; key,
keys; money , moneys; attorney , attorneys; alloy, al-
loys; guy, gays. Some plurals of the kuter class are
often inaccurately written with tlM termination ies : as,
monies, attomies, and the like.
$ 30. The plurals of a few nouns ending in / or /e are
irragularly formed by changing / or /e into ves. The
f<^owing words, with their compounds, are the principal
examples: nunely, life, lives; kn^e, knives; wife,
wives; leaf, leaves; sheaf, sheaves; loi\fj loaves; bet/,
beeves; thief, thieves; calf, calves; hat/, halves; elf,
elves; shelf, shelves; self, selves; wolf, wolves. The
plural of stajf is scnnetimes written stir's, but more com-
monly staves, except when it means a corps of officers,
either military or civil, in which sense it is ^ways writ-
ten sttuffs. The plural of wharf is generally written
wharfs in England ; in the United States it is more com-
monly but improperly written wharves, as it is also by
some recent English writers. The plurals of hoof and
iurf, formerly written hooves and turves, are now written
hoqfs and tur/s. The plurals of other nouns ending in /,
fe, orjf, are formed regularly by the addition of s only.
4 21. In the following nouns, the plural is distiu-
gmshed from the singular only by a change of the vowel
or vowel sound of the word : namely, man, men ; wo-
man, women; goose, geese; foot, jeet; tooth, teeth;
brother, brethren; louse, lice; mouse, mice. Words
which end in the syllable man, and are not compounds,
form their plurals regularly, by adding s only : as, cay-
man, caymans; desman, desmans; firman, firmans ;
talisman, talismans; German, Oeraums,' Mussulman,
Mussulmans.
f 82. A few plurals end In en : namely, brother, breth-
ren ; child, children ; ox, oxen. To these may be added
the obsolete forms eyne, kine, shoon, hosen, housen (from
eye, cow, shoe, hose, house), the first three of which,
th<mgh they have received a slightly different form, end,
as pronounced, with the sound of n.
$ 23. The words brother, die, pea, and penny, have
each two plurals of different forms and with different
significations: as, bn^hers, male children of the same
parent, also, members of the same society, association,
class, or profession ; brethren, members of the same re-
ligious or eodesiastical bed v, the word in this form be-
ii^ rarely used except in rel^ious writings, or in scrip*
tural language, whera it also has the same meaning that
brothers has in ordinary language ; dies, implements for
making impressions by stamping, or for malnng screws,
also ttie cuUcal parts of pedestals; dice, the cnUcal
blocks used in games of chance ; peas, aeeds of the pea
plant, when a definite number is mentioned ; pease, the
same in bulk, or spoken of collectively ; pennies, the
ooins, especially when a definite number ia mentioned ;
pence, the amount reckoned by theee coins.
§ 24. A few words, mostly names of Miitn^i«^ have
the same form in the plural as in the fjngi^iaf : m^ deer,
sheep, trout, and the like.
f 26. Manv words adopted from foreign languages
retain their original plurals : as, datum, data ; criterion,
criteria ; genus, genera ; larva, larvas ; crisis, crises ;
matrix, matrices; focus, foci; monsieur, messieurs.
Many words of this class, while retaining the original
plurals, have also a second, formed after the analogy of
Bngliah words of similar termination : a^ formula, for-
muite, or formulas ; beau, beaux, or beaus ; index, in-
dices, or indexes ; stratum, strata, or stratums ; bandit,
banditti, or bandits; cherub, cheruhim, or cherubs;
seraph, seraphim, or seraphs. The plurals of the last
two words are sometimes mcorrectly written cherubims
and seraphims, with double plural terminations, from
ignorance or forgetf ulness of the fact that, in Hebrew
words, iminn plural ending.
f 20. In certain loose compounds consisting of a
noon followed by an adjective or other qoallfytaiff «s-
presalon, the plural is commonlv formed by making the
same chanm in the noun as when it standa aloue : as,
eourt-marnal, courts-martial; eousin-german, cousins-
german ; son-in-law, sons-ist-law. When, however, the
adjective is so closely Joined to the noun that the com*
pound has the force of a simple word, the plural of the
compound is commonly formed like that of any otiier
wora of the same terminatioa: as, cupful, eupfuls;
handful, han4fuls.
)27. There are many worda, besides tiioee men-
tioned in the preceding paragn^ths, in respect to which
usage, even that of the best authors, is variaUe. The
most important of these words are mentioned in this
and the succeeding sections.
The derivatives of the word rUlain, as vClainous, vil-
lainy, etc., though often written villanous, villany, etc.,
properly retain the i, like those of other words similarly
ending in ain : as, mountainous, from mountain ; eap-
taincy, from captain.
The words connection, defleetien, inflection, and reAee-
tioH follow the spelling of the woras conned, deflect, in-
fleet, and reflect, though often written, especially in
England, connexim, deflexion, inflexion, and reflexion.
nie word woe, though often written without the final
e, should retain it, like most other nouna of one syllable
and of aimilar form : as, doe,/oe, hoe, toe, and the like.
Mono^jdliUdes other than nouns, and words of more thm
oue qrilable, having a similar termination, omit the e :
asjjcfo, go, no, so, canto, motto, potato.
The words defense, expense, offense, uA pretense are
properly written thus, though often spelled with c in-
stead of s, for the s belongs to the words from which
they are derived, and is also used in all their deriva-
tives.
The words drought and hHght were formerly written
drouth and hight, and are still very <rften thus written In
America.
The verb pracUoe is thus written like tiie noun, in
preference to the torm practise, though the latter spelling
Is used by many writers, especially in England. The
difference in spelling between the noun and the verb is
properly obeerved, in words of this kind, only in sudi as
are accented on the last syllable, as device, devise.
Derivatives of the Oreek i6pa (seat, base, side ; pro-
nounced hed'ra), as polyhedron, tetrahedron, octahedral,
and the like, are properly thus written with A before the
e of the termination, but are sometimes written poly-
edron, tetraedron, odkedral, etc, without the h,
§ 2S. There is a class of words beginning with en or
in, as enclose or inclose, enquire or inquire, ensttre or
insure, and the like, many of which take either form at
the prefix indifferently. They are chiefly derived from
the Latin, either directly or through the French, tiie
prefix in belonging to the former language, and en te
the latter. In some of these words, en is to be preferred ;
in others, in; in many of them, either may tie used in-
differently.
$ 29. There is a class of words ending in er, some of
which are written by many authors with the termination
re : as, center, meter, theater, etc., which are often writ-
ten centre, metre, theatre, etc. Acre, chancre, lucre,
nacre, massacre, and ogre, retain the termination re, in
order to preserve the hard sound of the c and g. .
§ 30. There are two classes of chemical words endhug
reflectively, as more commonly written, in ide and ine,
in regard to which usage has been variable. Most of
them were formerly written without the final e; but it
is now the ^most universal practice to retain it: as,
bromide, iodide, chlorine, fluorine, etc. The word tan-
nin is alvrays written without the final e. Oxide is now
generally written with the termination ide, tiiough
formerly by many written oxyd, from the suppodtion
that the y of the last syllable represented the v oi the
Oreek hfit, from which the word Is derived ; whereas
the last syllable is simply the same as the termination
of the words bromikl$t ttafMd$t and tht Uka.
RULES FOR SPELLING CERTAIN CLASSES OF WORDS, xxxi
f SI. Then ba eUM of words ending, Mpronoonced,
with the aonnd of long i, followed by «, aome of which
are diflteently written, bv different authors, with either
iae or ice to represent this sound : as, criticUe or eriti-
eUe ; patronw otpatronite. These words are mostly
rerbs, and are chiefly derived from Greek works ending
in (^ or from French words ending in uer or tM. Those
formed from Greek words hare the termination ize: as,
anathematize, eharaeterite, dranuUiee, tantalize. The
words eatecMte and exarciee are exceptions. Those
formed hi an anslogous manner from English words are
likewise written mth iee .* as, alhutnenize, memorizey
mntitize. Those derived from the French ^erh prendre
(pMiiciple prit or pri*f) end in £m .* as, apprite, com-
prieej empriee, enierprite, turprise. Of tnose formed
trom French words other than prendre, or which have
eorresponding forms in the French, a majority end in
ise, though in respect to some of them usage is variable :
as, cinUixe, satirize. The following are the polncipal
Bnglish verbs ending ia iee: namely, advertise, ad-
vise, affranchise, apmrise, catechise, chastise, cireumeise,
comprise, compromise, criticise, demise, despise, devise,
disenfranchise, di^ranchise, disguise, diverttse, emprise,
enfranchise, enterprise, exercise, exorcise, franchise,
moMimiffe, misprise, premise, reprise, revise, supervise,
surmise, surprise. It may be remarked that most of
those in respect to which usage varies are more fre-
quently written in England wtth the termination ise,
and in the United States with the termination ise.
$ 32. The words mold and molt, and their compounds
and derivatives, are written in this I>icti<NiarT with o
instead of oti , in analogy with the words bold, bolt, colt,
gold, etc., from which the tt has been dropped, lianv
authors, however, write these words mould and iiio««,
and their derivatives in like manner.
§ 33. There is a numerous class of words almost uni-
versally written, in the United States, with the termi-
nation or, many ol which are written, in England, with
the termmation our: as, candor, honor, labor, vigor.
English usage, however, is not uniform with respect
to these words, many being written with or in English
books.
$ 34. There is a small class of words ending with the
syllable ped (from hat. pes, pedis, foot), the termhiation
of some of which was iormerly, and is still frequently,
vrritten pede: as, biped, centiped, miUiped, quadruped,
soliped, etc. The words biped and quadruped are uni-
versally written without the final e, and the others, ac-
cording to the best nsage, should be written in the same
ABBREVIATIONS AND EXPLANATIONS.
a adjective.
abbr. abbreviated.
abl ablative.
ace. aoouaative.
aet aotlve.
adf. adjective.
aop adverb.
^J"^ \ ..American.
nor aorist.
Ar.. Arabic.
Arch, Architecture.
AS, Anglo-Saxon.
aug augmentative.
BUe Blaoayan.
Bohem, . . . Bohemian.
Bot. Botany.
Bmz Brasiilan.
C Centigrade.
. \ eonf«r (oom-
*^' I pare).
Chald, ...Chaldee.
Chin Chinese.
""»»••• I sssisay.
(compound,
compounded,
compoaition.
compaT' ' .companttive.
conj conjunction.
-«-#.. \ contracted.
contr. .{contraction.
Copt. Coptic.
Com Cornish.
corrtl correlative.
eorrup. ) ( corruption.
corrupt. ) \ corrupted.
D Dutch.
Dan Danish.
dat dative.
Dec December.
d^. definition.
Dial Dialectic.
dim diminutive.
dittinff. . . .distinguished.
E. English.
I exempli gra-
tia (for exam-
ple).
Effypt Egyptian.
empA. . . . .emphatic
Eng. . .
1 English.
L
Lapp. . .
..Latin.
..Lappisli.
prir. . .
.::55^e-
Sol....
Lett
..Lettiah.
prob..
. . probably.
equiv.
...equivalent.
lit
..literally.
e*p....
...especiaUy.
JMh....
. . Uthuauian.
prtm...
etc....
...etcetera.
(pronoun.
eiym,
eigmol.
} etymology.
M.
Middle : aa,
MHG.-nmHn
^IxT:
.v.^^X.
F.
...French.
w. ......
( High German.
. .masculine.
q. V
i quod vide
' \ (which see).
Fahr'. .
...feminine.
Molay. .
..Malayan.
...Fahrenheit
nirtsc —
. . masculine.
R
..Rare.
fem....
. . . feminine.
MU4
..Music.
redupl.
...redupUctted.
...reUting.
Finn. .
...Finnish.
rel..:..
/r., or Fr. from.
X.
( New ; as, NL.
\ = New Latin.
Bttss...
... Russian.
/req. ..
...frequentatiTe.
Fries..
...Frieaic.
n
. . noun.
iS., or 5ax. Saxon.
/«!/....
. . . future.
not
..naturally.
*c
( scUieet (b«hig
' ( understood).
nent....
. . neuter.
G
. . . Qennan.
nom....
. . nominative.
Seand. .
...Scandinavian.
Oael...
...OaeUc.
Aor
..Norwegian.
Scot. ..
1 ScoUand.
Oen...
...Oeneais.
Sorm...
..Norman.
' {Scottish.
gen....
1 genltlvely.
None..
..Norwegian.
Sept. . .
.. September.
• i generally.
. . . German.
Serb...
...Serbian.
Oer....
0
( Old ; as, OE. =
\ OldEngUsh.
Serr. . .
sing. ..
. - . Servian.
Qoth.. .
...Gothic.
...singular.
Gr. ...
...Greek.
oW
..objecUve.
Skr. . . .
...Sanskrit
oK
..obaolete.
Slav. . .
...Slavonic.
H....
(High: as,//©. =
ohgoles.
. obaole«;ent
South. .
. . . Southern.
' ( High German.
opp....
■ .originally.
Sp
...Spanish.
Hfh. . .
. . . Hebrew.
ong —
r^-:
...specifically.
Hind. .
...Hittdostanee.
Onomai
...Onomatopoetic.
..Saint
Hung..
. ..Hungarian.
subj...
..subjunctive.
hypoth.
( participle.
(P«8«-
mperl..
...superlative.
P
Sic
..Swedish.
I.
...Icelandic.
p. a...
I parUcipial ad-
( jecU\e.
..passive.
..Peraian.
*>»....
..Synonyms.
i. e
. . id est (that is).
Syr....
..Syrlac.
im. . .
...Illiterate.
I^";.-:
lUaa.
1 Illustration.
Tart. . .
..Tartaric.
' i lUustrated.
Pers...
;;Cr
term. . .
..termination.
imp.. . .
. . . imperfect.
Thibet..
...ThibeUn.
incho. .
...inchoative.
pert...
..person.
Turk...
...Turkish.
ind. . . .
. ..'mdlcative.
Peruv'.
..pertaining.
. .Peruvian.
indef.
...Indefinite.
U.S...
...United Stotea.
imtic.
...indicative.
£;;;
um
..usually.
inf. \
in/in. i
...InflnlUve.
. plural.
..PoUsh.
r
...verb.
intens..
. . . intensive.
pass...
..posaessive.
var
...variety.
interf..
...InterjecUon.
pp....
..pages.
vb.n...
...verbal n<Hin.
...Ionic.
. . . participle past.
V. i
. . .verb intransitive.
Ir
...Irish.
p. ft.
t participle prM-
v.t
...verb transitive.
//
. . . Italian.
1 ent.
.
( videlicet
'{ (namely).
Jap....
...Japanese.
. . Proven^.
Jav.. .
. . .Javanese.
pref...
...prefix.
prep. .
IF. ... .
...Welsh.
L
1 Low ; as, /,(?. =
• ( Low German.
pre*.. .
. . prei;ent.
WnU...
"pret...
..preterit.
West...
...Western.
EXPLANATORY NOTES.
Foreign words inserted In the vocabulary, but not yet anglicised, are printed with two bara before them ; aa,
II A-Oonie, II Bar«-teUo', il SaL
The hyphen in words which sliould be written or printed with a hvphen Is indicated by a longer, heavier mark
than that used In indicating syllabic division ; as, E-leo'trOH-mag-IMtliD.
The figures following tlie respelling for pronunciation refer to sections of the Guide to Pronunciation, pp. v-xix.
In the respelling for pronunciation, when successive words in the same column begin with one or more syllables
which are pronounced alike, the common part is usually omitted after the first word. Words ending in simple suf-
fixes such as -bly, -«d (when not contracted), -MS, -Mtt -iDJg, -Isll, -We, -lOM, -ly, -mmtf -B«M. etc., are not
uaually respelt wlien the pronunciation of nil but the suffix can be supplied from a preceding word. Otherwise they
are respelt ; aa in the cases of OOlI'di-ment, Olad'lMM, Ill'tnHipe(/tlV«f D0-geil'er-at«-ly, etc.
For plurals not given see the Rules for Spelling, §$ 18-26, pp. xxvili-xxxi.
For etymologies of prefixes and suffixes used without explanation in et3rmologie8, see the list of Prefixes and
Suffixes, pp. xx-xxvil. For meanings of suffixes forming derivatives run on without definition, see the same list
DICTIONARY
ENGLISH LANGUAGE.
A (named i in English, and X in most other lan-
guages). The iudeflnite article, contracted from
ant •od eulMtituted for it before words beginning with a
oooeonaat. It elgnifles one or any, but leM emphatlcaUy.
A« prep' [For an, AS. on. Bee On. J In ; on ; in or
for each.
A-bMk' (A-bSkO« adv. [Pref. a- + back.'l Toward
the back or rear ; on fthipa, backward against the mast.
AVUrOUB (Xb'&-klii), II. / E. pi. Abacubu ; L. pi. Abaci
i-m). [L.] 1. A calculaUug
frame for performing arith-
metical calculations by sliding
Mwnters. 2. The uppermost
diviskm of the capital of a ool-
nmn ; a panel in mosaic work. Abacus.
A-haOf{^bkftf)tprep. Bj-
hind ; toward the stem f rom.— a<f r . Toward the stem ; aft
A-bftn'don (-bSu'dOn), V. (. [F. abandonner ; h (L.
ad) -f- bandon permission, LL. bandum, bannumt public
proclamatiou.l To give up absolutely ; to forsake ; to
yield (oae*s self) unrestrainedly.
Syn. — To Abandon; Dbsbbt; Fobsanb; yield; fore-
go; surrender; abdicate; quit; relinquish; renounce;
Msve ; retire : withdraw from. — We abandon what we
giTe up aboolutely and finally. We desert from military
aerrlce, or aomething which we ought to stand by and
support. We forsake a previous habit, association, or
thn^ familiar or frequented.
UAlMn'Ooa' (A'bliN^ddNOt n. [F.] A giving up to
natural impulses ; freedom from constraint ; eaae.
A-blB'dOlltd (&-b<u'd&nd), a. 1 . Forsaken ; deserted.
2. Oiven up to vice ; irreclaimably wicked.
A-lMUI'dOll'IBflOt (-d&n-meut), ». 1. Total desertion.
%. Relinquishment ; desertion.
A-bAM' (-^^')t f • '• [F. abaisser, fr. LL. bassus low.
8ee Babb, o.l To lower ; to cast down ; to humble ; to
degrade. — A-base'nieiU, n.
A-lMSV (-blsh'), r. /. [OE. nbaissen, OF. esbahir,
f r. I* ex 4- interj. bahy expreaaing astonishment.] To
destroy the self-posse uion of ; to shame ; to disconcert.
8yn. - To Abandon : Contitss ; Contottno ; disconcert ;
ahame. — We are aboxhed when stntck with shame or a
sense of inferiority. We are con/tued when an unexpected
occurrence destroys our self-possession. We are eon-
fovnded when our minds are overwhelmed by something
amaiing, dreadful, etc., so that we have nothing to say.
A-btfa-Ue (-bif 4-b*n, n. C^p<U>le of being abated.
A-bttO' (-bStO, V. t. [OF. abatre to beat down, L.
batuere to beat.] To bring to a lower ftate or degree ;
to lessen ; to moderate ; to do away with (a nuimnce,
writ, or tax). » r. t. To decrease ; to come to naught ;
to subside ; to fail.
Syn. — To Abate : Subsidb: derrensp; intermit; de-
cline ; diminish ; 1 jsaen. — Abate implies diminution of
ABDUCTION
force or of intensity. Subside refers to a preyiooB state
of agitation or commotion.
A-bate^e&t (4-Mf mmt), n. 1. An abating or bdng
abated ; diminution. 2. Amount abated.
n A^bat'tOlr' (A'bAtawar'), n. A slaughterhonae.
AbOia (Sb^bA), n. [Syriac. See Abbot.] Father;
superior ; — title of bishops of Oriental churches.
Ab^ba-cy (-^), n. Dignity or Jurisdiction of an abbot.
Ab-ba'tua (Ib-bi'shal), a. Belonging to an abbey.
UAbOl^C&b'btO*')- LF. See Abbot.] The French
word answering to abbot, now a title given in France to
unbeneficed secular ecclesiastics.
Ab'beM (Sb'bfo), n. A female superior of a nunnery.
Ab'bey (-bj^), n. ; pi. Abbktb (-bTz). 1. A monastery
or society of monks or nuns ; the monastic building or
buildings. 2. The church of a monastery.
8yn. — See Cloistbr.
AblMt (-bnt), n. [L. abbas. Cf. Abba, AbbI] Sn-
perior or head of an abbey.
Ab^boC-shlp, n. State or office of an abbot.
Ab-bre^-ate («b-bryvl-it), r. /. [L. abbreriare;
ad and brev^is short.] To make briefer ; to shorten ; to
abridge ; to reduce by contraction or omission.
Syn. — See Abridob.
Ab-b|ie^¥l-a1l0ll (-i'shfin), n. 1. A shortening, or
reducing ; an abridgment. 2. The form to which a word
or phrase is reduced by contraction or omission ; as, Gen.
for Oenesii; U. S. A. for United States nf America.
Ab-breM-a-tO-ry (-A-tft-rj^), a. Tending to abbreyi-
ate ; nbridging.
Ab'di-oant (Xb'dT-kantV a. Abdicating ; renouncing ;
— followed by of. — n. One who abdicates.
Ab'dl-oate (-kit), V. t. [L. abdicare; ab-i-dieare to
proclaim. See Diction.] To surrender or relUiqnIsIi.
— r. i. To renounce (a throne, office, etc).— Ab'dl-
ca'tton, n. — Ab'tfl-oa^tor, n.
Syii. — To Abandon; Rbbion; glye up; yaoate; re-
linquish ; renounce. — Abdicate expresses the act of a
monarch who formally yields up sovereign authority.
Resign is applied to the act of anyone who gives back a
tmst into the bands of him who conferred it.
Ab-dO'man (Sb-d6'in8n), n. [L.] 1. The belly, or
that cavity of the bellj, which contains the stomach,
bowels, and other viscera. 2. The posterior section of
the body, behind the thorax. In inw*ct«, crustaceans, etc.
Ab-dom^-nal (-dSml-nal), a. Pertaining to the ab-
domen ; ventral.
Ab-4lict' (-dfikt'), V. t. (X. nbductfis, p. p. of abdu-
cere to lead awav; ab + dnrere to lead.] 1. To take
away (a human being) wrontrfnlly ; to kidnap. 2. To
draw away (a limb or other part) from its ordiiuuy posi-
tion. — Ab-dQO'tion, n.
S, e, 1, 5, 0, long : ft, ^, 1, A, A, f, short : senAle, ^veiit. Idea, iih^y, finite, cfkrei, lirm, ask, fill, f nol,
f€ni, recent, 6rb, r^de, fi^U, Am, f<>bd, fcTot, out, oil, chair, so, dng, iQk, tlien, I hin.
1
ABDUCTOR
ABOUT
Ab^taolor (Xb^ttkOSr), n. 1. One who abducts, i
S. A mnacle whioh draws a part from the median line
of the body.
n IHim (4-bSmOt adv. On the beam ; on a line at
right angles with a ship*s keeL
A-lM^ (bSdO, adf . In b«), or on the bed.
Aih9tnat (ib-l$r'rant)« o. [!«• aberram^ p. pr. of ab-
ermre ; ab + errare to wander. See Euu] Wwdering :
deriatinff from the ordinary ^rpe ; abnormsL — All-MT'-
laiMM, Ab-sr'nui-oy, n.
A^n-ntiaa (ib'Sr-ri'shttn), n. 1. A wandering;
deviation from tmth, the natural state, or a tvpe.
%. Partial ahenation of reason. 3. A smidl periodical
change of position in a star or other heavenlv body.
^ 4. Conveigenoe to different foci, by a lens or mirror, of
* rays of light emanating from one point.
Syn. — Insanity ; lunacy: derangement: alienation;
mania ; hallucination ; deludon. Bee Imsaiott.
A-b«t' (*-b«f ), r. /. [OF. abeier; a (L. arf) + be/er to
bait (as a bear), henoe to bait, to incite. See Batt, Bit.]
To instigate ; to incite by encouragement or aid ; to con-
tribute to the commission of an offense. — J^-lMtlBflllt, n.
Syn. — To incite ; instigate ; foment ; countenance ; en-
courage ; second ; aid ; support ; back ; connire at.
A-bttttr, A-lMnor (-tSr), n. One who abeto ; insti-
gator of an offense or an offender.
^T" Abettor is the legal form and also in general use.
Syn. — Aanroa; Aocissobt; Aocompucs. — An abet-
tor incites to the act, without sharing in it. An acces-
toru accedes tor its guilt by enoouragiug, aiding, or con-
cealing it. An accomplice participates hi its commission.
A4MT'aB00 (-Nfans), n. [OF. a -|- baer, beer, to
gape, expect, LL. badare to gape.] Expectancy ; condi-
tton of beingundetermined.
Ab-bflV' (ib-hdr'), V. /. [ABRoassD (-hdrdO ; Abhor-
BXMo.l [L. abhorrere ; ab -f horrere to bristle, shudder.
Bee IiouiD.] To regard with horror ; to loathe.
Syn. — To bate ; detest ; loathe ; abominate. Bee Hate.
Ab-taortWUM (-hKr'rens), n. Extreme dislike.
Ab-hor'lmit (-T«nt), a. 1. Abhorring ; detesting ;
■tronvly opposed to. 2. Contrary or repugnant (to).
A-blda' (4-bidO, r. i. [imp. A p. p. Abodb (i-bC:') ;
^ . . /. . ,.i«._ _v T T»o sijj — ^^/pref.
_ , ^ tav; to
continue in a place ; to dwell. — r. /. 1. To await. 2. To
«. pr. & rb. n. Aaionro (4-b!aTng).]
a- -f IMnn to bide. See Bidb.] Ti
'o wflit ; to stay
endure ; to put up with. 3. To answer for ; to suffer for.
A-feMiBff, n. Continuing. — A-bUPlnC-ly , adv.
A-Wl-ty (-bTlT-ty), n. [L. habihtas.lr. habit is apt.
See Abia] Power to perform; capacity; skill; — in
pf., faculty, talent
Syn. — ABiLrrr : C afactit ; talent ; cleTemess ; facul-
ty ; canability : efflolenry : aptitude : aptness : address ;
dexterity ; skill. - i4frt7^2/impli<*R vigor of mind, together
with ease of execution. Cnrvtrify signifies re$mtrcts and
undeveloped power. Abilities, in pi., embraces both
qualities, and denotes high mental endowments.
Ab'lWIt (n/jWrt), a. [L. abjectiis. p. p. of abjicere to
throw away.1 Bunk to a low condition ; defrraded ; des-
• "e.-Ablirt.i
picaUe.
n.— Ab1«Ct-ly,orf»'.
Syn. — Mean: groveling; cringing; ignoble; worth-
leas : contemptible ; degraded.
Ab-too'tiOil (-jSk'shttn), n. 1. A bringing down or
bumbling. 2. A low st%te : degradation.
AlKhl-im'tloa (-Jft-ri^shBn), n. An abjuring or for-
swearing ; sfdemn renunciation.
Ab-lv'ni-tO-IT (-ju'r4-t^-TJ^),<i. Containing abjuration.
Ab-Jvrt' (-J«»^). «'• '• * *• SJ^' ahjwrnre to deny upon
oath ; ab and jns, juris, right, law. Bee Jubt.] To re-
nounce upon oath ; to forswear ; to repudiate.
Syn. — Bee Rbhovncb.
Abla-tt?« (IbOA-tTv), a. [F. ; L. ablaHnu ; ab away
-|-te<iu, used as p. p. of /rrre to carr v.] Takinff away or
removing ; — applied to a case (iinpl ving removal or sepa^
tatkm) of Latin nouns. <— it. The ablative case.
II Ablaut (ibHoot), n. [Oer., off-sound ; a6 off +
taut sound.] Substitution of one root vowel for another,
indicating a change of use or meaning ; as, mon, men.
A-UmW (&-blisO, adv.A a. 1. On fire ; in a blase.
2. In a state of great excitement or ardent desire.
Aide (En>'l), a. [Ablbb ; Ablbst.] [OF. ; L. ha-
bilis easily managed, skillful, fr. habere to have.] Hav-
ing sufficient power or resources ; showing skill.
Syn. — Ckmipetent : qualified ; fitted ; efficient ; effect-
ive ; capable ; slclllf ul : clever ; vigorous ; powerf uL
Aba«-S«te (Sbnt-gtt), n. [L. ablegatus, p. p. of ab-
legare to send with a commissiou. Bee Lboatb.] A rep-
resentative of the iKMw commissioned to foreign countries.
Ab-llltloa (Kb-lu'shfin), n. [L. abtutio. It. abluere to
wash away ; ab -\- lucre {lavare). See Lavb.] 1. A wash-
ing or cleansing. 2. Religious purification.
AOlly (E'blf ), adv. In an able manner ; with ekiU.
Ato'IM-ga'tlmi (ib^nt-gl'shfiu), n. [L. abnegatio ; ab
-f negare to deny. See Dbkt.T^ Denial ; renunciation.
AlMMnfmal (-i.Or'mal), a. [For earlier onorma/. LL.
anormalus for anomalus, confused with L. abnormis.
See Anomalous.] Not conformed to rule ; snomalous;
irreguUr. ^ Ab'BOr-IIMll-ty, n. — Ab-BOr'BMd-ly, adv.
Ab-motmiVf (-ml-ty), n. Irregulsrity ; monstrosity.
A-bOMPd' (*-l5rd0t adv. 1. On bosrd ; within a ship,
b<Mt, or rsllroad car. 2. Alongside. ~pr<^. On board of.
A-lKlde' (-1 9d0, pret. of Abiob. — n. SUy hi m, place ;
sojourn ; residence ; a dwelling ; a habitation.
A-MLIall (-baTsh), r. t. [L abolere; ab + olere to
grow.] To do away with wholly; to make void. —
A-boIaili-ft-ble, a. — A-boIiali-iiMBt, n.
Syn. — To Abolish ; Rbpbal ; Abbooatb : Revokb ; Am-
HUL : NuLurr ; Cancbl. — These words all have tiie idea
of settii^ aside. Abolish sppUes to things of a permanent
nature, institutions, customs, etc. Repeal describes the
setting asid^ an existing law. Abrocate meant the repeal
of a law bv the Roman people, and later the emperor*s
setting aside the laws ; hence an act by which a sovereign
or executive government sets aside laws, treaties, con-
ventions, etc. Reioke denotes the reciUling some power,
privilege, etc. Annul means simply to mske void. Nul'
hfy Is applied to the setting of things aside either by
force or by total disregard. Cancel is to strike out or an-
nul smnetning which has operative force.
AVo-Utton (Ib/^-lTshllD). n. An abolishing, annul-
ling, or utter destruction. — Ab'O-IitlOII-lni, n.
Ab'O-UtlOII-lsl, n. One who favors the abolition of
any institution, especially of negro slavery.
A-lMml-nA-ble (&-b5mnr-n4-b*I), a. Worthy of abhor-
rence ; odious ; detestable. — A-lKMD^-IUI-Uy, adv.
A-bomt-IIAto (-nit), r. t. [L. abominari to deprecate
as ominous, abhor ; ab + omen. See Ombm.] To turn
from as ill-omened ; to abhor ; to loathe.
Syn. —To hate ; abhor ; loathe ; detest. See Hatb.
A-lMllll'l-IUltlOO (-ni'shiln), n. 1. Strong aversion.
2. Something abominable ; an object or state which ex-
cites disgust ; a hateful vice.
Ab^O-ngl-nal (Ib^i-rTjT-nal), a. First; original;
primitive. — n. An original inhabitant ; an animu or a
plsnt native to the region. — Ab'O-llgl-lull-ty, n.
Ab'O-rlgl-IIMI (-nSx), n. pi. [L. Aborigines; ad-f-
origo, esp. those who originally {ab origine) inhabited
Latium or Italy.] Earliest known inhabitants of a coun-
try ; native races ; original animals and plants of a region.
A-bortlOB (i-bdr'shQn), n. [L. aborlio, fr. aboriri; ab
-f oriri to rise, to be bora. See Oribjtt.] 1. Premsture
birth ; miscarriage. 2. Anythhig that fails to mature.
A-bortl¥e (-tTv), a. Coming to naught ; fruitless ;
unsuccessful. —A-bor^Te-ly. adv.
A-bOOnd' (-bound')i ♦'. ». [L. abundare to overflow ;
ab -f unda wave.] 1. To be prevalent or plentiful.
2. To be copiotisly supplied : — followed by in or vnth.
A-bonV C-boutO, prep. [AS. abiktan / on -f fcfi/fffi, fr.
6e by -f- Otan outward, fr. ft/ out.] 1. Around ; on every
side of. 2. Near : by or on (one's person). 3. Through
ft, S, 1, 9, 0, long ; &, fi, 1, 6, 0, f, short ; seuUte, fivent, tdea, 6bey, Unite, cftre, Mrm, ftsk, ||11, final,
ABOVE
3
ABSTERGENT
or over fii Tarioiu dlrectlonB ; here and there In. 4.
Netf ; not far from. 6. Engaged in. 6. On the point
of. 7. Concerning ; with r^ud to. — adv. 1. On all
■iJes ; around. 2. Round the outside ; circuitoualy. 3.
Here and there ; around. 4. Nearly ; i^iproximately.
6. To a reversed position ; in the opposite direction.
A-bOTO' (4-bBT')« prep. [ A8. abt{fon ; an (or on) on
-\- be hy -\- ufan upward. See Ovkk.] 1. In or to a
higher place ; on or over the upper surface ; over. 3. Su-
perior to ; beyond ; higher than. 3. Surpassing ; more
than. — adv. Overhead ; higher ; more than.
A-lMTeHMMVi' (-b5rd')t adv. Above the board or
table ; openly ; without trick or deception.
AlKHHia-dfl^^
known
Onmeaning
openly ; without trick or deception.
ft-oa-di^^ (Sb'ri-kA-dlb'ri), n. [L. Of un-
origin.1 A mystical word written as an amulet;
ling babble. abkaoadabba
Ato-ndt^ (Xb-ridO. V. t,
[Lb abrad€ret abrasum, to
scrape off. See Rasb,
Rais. J To mb ; to wear
away by friction.
Ain'iloil (-rTshttn), n.
1. An abrading or rubbing
off. 2. Substance rubbed off.
A-taast' (A-brestO. adv.
viare.
ABRACADABB
BBACAOAB
A B
0
I B A C
B R
ADA
A B B A 0
Side by side; on a line.
[P. abriger, it. L. abbre-
Abbbbviatb.] 1. To make
shorter ; to condense. 2. To deprive ; —followed by cj.
L-bflto' (-brIJO, f. A
re. See BBonr and cf.
AMdrUillt*
A shortened form ;
1. An abridging; reduction,
abbreviation.
Syn. — Abbidombkt ; CoimitDmii ; KprroMB ; Ab-
STBACT ; STKorais. — An abridgment is made by omitting
the leas important parts of some larger work. A compen-
dium is a brief exhibition of a subject for common use.
An epitome gives briefly the most material points of a
subject. An attract is a brief statement of a thing in its
main points. A tynoptis is a bird*s-eye view of a subject
In its several parts.
A-broaoll' (-brSch')* adv. In a state to let out liquor.
A-toOtd' (-bnidO) adv. 1. At Urge ; widely ; broad-
ly. 2. Outside the house ; away from one's abode or
country. 3. Before the public at large.
Ab'ro-nt* (n/r*-gat), v. /. [L. abrogare ; ab -f- ro-
gare to aScf propose. See Rogation.] To annul by an
authoritative act ; to do away with. — AbTO-gatloa, n.
Syn. - See Aboubh.
Ab-rnpt' (Sb-rfiptO» a. [L. abrupius, p. p. of abrum-
p^it to break off ; a6 -{- rumpere to break.] 1. Broken
off: preci|rftous; steep. 2. Sudden; unceremonious.
3. Unconnected. — Ab-mptly, adv. — Ab-mytlMU, n.
Syn. — Sudden : unexpected ; hasty : curt ; unceremo-
nious; rugged; uunt; disconnected; broken.
Ab-mp'llon (-rlip'shlin), n. A sudden breaking off ;
violent separation o( bodies.
AVlOMl (WsSs), n. [L. abseetsuSf p. p. of abscedere
to go away ; ab^ ab* -f cedere to go off. Bee Cbdb.] A
collection of pus in any tissue of the body.
Ab-Mllll' (-slnd')« V. t. [L. abseindere ; ab -f «cm-
dere to rend, cut. See Schism.] To cut off.
Ab-Sdl^Sl (-sTs'sA), n. ; E. pi. Abscissas (-s&b), L. pi.
ABSCTBSJt (-s2). [L., fem. of abseimns, p. p. of absein-
dere to cut off ; a5 + scindere to rend, cut.] One of the
geometrical elements €/l reference in referring a point,
as of a cnnre, to a nrstem of fixed coordinate axes.
AbMlS'atOB, Ab-Mi'alOII (-sTsh'On), n. 1. A cut-
ting off. 2. State of being cut off. 3. A rhetorical fig-
ure, in which a statement u cut off abruptly.
ill lOWlfl' (-skOndO, V. i. [L. abseondere to hide ;
o6, abs -f condere to lay up.] To steal off and secrete
one's self, esp. to avoid a legal process. — AlHMXMia'ar. n
Ab^MOM (IVsens), n. [P., fr. L. absentia. See Ab-
SBHT, a.] 1. A being absent. 2. Want; destitution.
3. Inattention to things present.
AFlMBt (Xb'sent), a. C^-i 'r. L. absent^ abeentie^ p. pr.
of abesse to be away from ; ab -f esse to be.] 1. Being
away from a place ; not present. 2. Lacking. 3. Abaeut-
minded ; preoccupied.
Syn. — Absbht ; Abst&actbo. — We call a man absent
when his thoughts wander Irom oresent subjects ; ab-
stracted when his mind is drawn off from present things
by some matter for reflectimi.
AtHMBt' (Xb-sSnf), v. t. To take (one*s self) to such
a distance as to prevent intercourse.
Ab'Mll-ta*' (ib'sen-tS'), AI^MBt'er (-sSnfSr), n. One
who absents himself from his country, poet, or dutv.
AlKMn-tOOiam (-Ii'm), n. The state or practice of
an absentee.
Ab'gllltll' Hn/sTnth/), n. [F. absinthe; L. absii^.
AWwintbib^ i thivm^ fr. Or. o^tt^uM^.] 1. Absinthium
or wormwood. 2. Strong spirituous liqueur made from
wormwood and brandy or ^cohol.
Ab'M-lQtO (-s^-lut), a. [L. absoluius, p. p. of a5-
solvere. See Absolvb.] 1. Loosed from any limitation ;
unconditional. 2. Complete in itself ; faultless. 3. Act*
ual ; real ; — opposed to relative and comparative. 4. Self*
sufficing. 6. Capable of being conceived by itself alone.
6. In grammar, not immediately dependent on the other
parts of a sentence in government ; as, the case absolute.
— Ab'M-lQta-ly, adv. — Ab'M-lnta-iiMMK n.
Syn. — Positive ; certidn; unconditional; onlimlted;
unqualified ; arbitrary ; despotic ; autocratic
AVM-lQtloll (-lu'sh&n), n. [L. absolvtio.'] An ab-
solving, or setting free from sin or penalty ; forgiveness.
Ab'M-lll'tlllll (-tTz^m), n. The being absolute ; abso-
lute or arbitrary government ; despotism.
Ab'M-lll'tlStt n. One who favors absolute or auto>
cratic government. «> a. Arbitrary.
Ab-Ml1i-to-ry (Sb-sQl'd-t«-rV), AlMMlT'a-to-fy
(-sSlv'i-), a. Serving to absolve : absolving.
Ab-MlTe' (-•lAv'), r. /. [L. ahsolvere to set free ; ab
-f solvere to loose. See Bolvb.] To set free, or i
as from obligation, debt, or consequences of guilt.
Syn. — To Absolve ; Exonbratb : Aoqittt. —We speak
of a man as absolved from something that binds his
conscience, or involves the charge of wrongdoing. He is
exonerated^ when released from some suspicion or odium.
He is acquitted^ when a decision has been made in hia
favor with reference to a specific charge.
Ab-MTIK (-sdrV), r. /. [L. absorbere; ab4-sorber9
to suck in.] 1. To swallow up; to Imbibe. 2. To en-
gross or engage wholly.
Syn. - To Absobb ; Eic oboss ; Swallow up ; Krovlp. —
These words agree in the general idea of completely tak-
ing up. We say that one is absorbed in study or some
employment of the highest interest. He is engrossed by
something which occupies his whole time and thoughts.
He is swallowed up and lost In that which completely
occupies his thoughU and feelings. He is engulfed In that
which (like a gulf) takes hi all hb hopes and interesta.
Ab-eorb'a-iae (-4-bn), a. CaMble of being absorbed
or swaUowed up. — AlK^Oltt'a-blll-ty, n.
Ab-MrtKent (-«nt), a. Absorbing.— ». A substance
or bodily organ which absorbs. [absorbed.
Ab-sorp'ttoil (-fdrp'shfin), n. An absorbing or being
Ab-Mrp^T* (-tTv), a. Having power, capacity, or ten-
dency to absorb. — Ao-MTpttve-lian, All'Mfl^ttTl^
(-ttvl-ty), n.
Ab-sUln' (-8t5n0« f • i- [L. abstinere^ abstentum^ to
keep from ; a6, abs -f tenere to hold. See TBmablb.]
To forbear or refrain voluntarily.
Syn. — To refrain ; forbear ; withhold ; give up.
All-Ste'nii-OlU (-stS'mT-fis), a. [L. abstemius; oft,
abs -H root of temetum intoxicating drink.] Sparbg in
diet ; temperate ; abstinent — Ab-StfUl-OIUi-ly, adv.
Ab-Stergt' (-etJrj'), v. t. [L. abstergere, -tteraum;
ab^ abs -j- tergere to wipe.] To wipe away ; to r'
to purge. — Ab-fftM^gMlt (•stSr'jent), a. & n.
fVn, fMMtt Ofb| r^de, f^ ttn, Mbd, fiTbti out, oU, •hair, vo, aitts, l||k, tlien, ttUa*
ABSTINENCE
ACCENT
AbM^MBM (tt/rtT-oens), » [F. ; L. abtHneniia, it.
abaiinere, 8m Amtaut.] An ihtf ining ; esp., the de-
priving one's Mil of some indulgence.
Ab^Mt^MOt (-nent), a. Retraining from indulgence,
eep. of appetite; abatemioua. — n. One wtio abetAins.
— A1/ttl-IMOt-l7,a</r.
AVstrmOt' (Sl/itrikt^), a. [L. abttractu*, p. p. of
abttrahere to draw from, aeparate : a6, abt + trahere to
draw. See Tkacb.] Considered apart from any particu-
lar object ; existing in ttie mind only ; ideal ; abstruse.
— AVttnuitay, adv. — Ab'stxaet'iiMMK n.
Ab-«traotf (Ib-atriOct'), v. t. 1. To withdraw ; to sepa-
rate. 2. To separate (ideas) by the operation of the miud;
to condider by itself. 3. To epitomize; to abridge.
4. To take secretly ; to purloin.
Abi'Straof (Ib'striktOt >*. 1. A summary or epitome ;
a brief. 2. Separation from other things.
Sjn. — See AssiDOMXirr.
Ab-atraot'td (-strSkfed), a. l. Separated or discon-
nected; withdrawn. 2. Inattentive ; absent in mind.
— AlHitnot'td-ly, adv.
Ab-ttraotUni (-strlk'shlin), n. 1. An abstracting
or withdrawing, or state of being withdrawn. 2. Analy-
sis. 3. An ioea of an abstract or tlieoretical nature.
4. Absence or absorption of mind. 6. A taking surrep-
titiously the property of another ; purloining. 6. Chem-
ical separation of volatile parts by distillation.
AlHrtnu>^tt?» (-tTv), a. Having power of abstracting.
AlKAtimetly (Ib'strikt/lj^), adv. In an abstract state
or manner ; separately ; absolutely ; by itself.
Ab-9tnM' (Ib-strny), a. [L. abttrususj p. p. of ab-
tlrudere to thrust away ; a6, ab* -f- trudere to thrust.
Bee TiusAT.] DifBcult to comprehend ; recondite. —
Ab-ctrnseaf, adv. — Ab-ctmso'tteas, n.
Ab-sard' X-sQrd'), a. [L. absurdut luursh-sounding ;
not connected with 9urd.\ Contrary to reason or pro-
priety ; opposed to manifest truth or to common sense ;
logically contradictory ; ridiculous. — Ab-SOrdly , adv.
Srn. — ABSumo ; laaATioif al ; Foolish : Prepostksous.
— Of these terms, irrfitionnl b the wcakeut, deuotiug
that which is i^amly inconsistent with sound roason.
FoolUh implies either a perversion of that faculty, or
weakness or fatuity of mind. Absurd means that which
is plainly opposed to propriety and truth. Prepotteroiu
supposes an absolute inversion in the order of things.
Ab«1II«l-ty (-T-tj^), n. -1. A behig absurd. 2. Any-
thing absurd.
A-bon'dailOt (i-b&uMans), n. [L. abundantia^ fr.
abnndare. See Abouhd.I Overflowing fullness ; profu-
sion ; superfluity ; wealth.
Syn. — Abuhdamcs ; Plshtt ; Exvbuahcb : copious-
ness: riches ; affluence ; wealth. —The first three of these
words express the idea of fullness. Plrmty denotes a suffi-
ciency to supply every want. Abundance gives the idea
of superfluity or excess. Eiuberanet implies a bursting
forth in grsM superfluity or redundance.
A-bnn'dant a. PientifuL — A-bnn'duit-ly, adv.
8yn. - See Amtlb.
A-bOM' (-bus'), r. /. [F. abuser ; L. abusus^ p. p. of
abuH to misuse ; ab-{-uiito use. See Us«.] 1. To mie-
nse ; to pervert. 2. To use ill ; to punish or tax excet-
■ively ; to hurt. 3. To revile ; to disparage.
Syn. — To maltreat ; injure ; revile ; reproach ; vilify ;
Tituperate : asperse ; traduce ; malign.
A-bOM' (-bus'), n. 1. Improper treatment or use.
2. A corrupt practice or custom. 3. Insulting speech.
Syn. — Abuse ; Ihvkttvk ; contumely ; reproach ; scur-
rility ; insult ; opprobrium. — AbttJte is generally prompt-
ed by anger, and vente<l in harsh words, generally in
Srivate quarrels. Inreetire is used In writing or public
isrussions, and may be conveyeti in refined lanKU***?** and
dictated by indignation against what is blameworthy.
A-bn'Stre (-bu'sTv), a. l. Wrongly used : misap-
plied. 2. Practicing abnse ; vituperative ; scurrilous. —
A-bii'al¥0-ly, adr. ~ A-bn'stre-nen, n.
A-bnt'(A-bat0.v.<. [OF. otonler, a (L. «f) + Mm*,
buter^ to push.] To terminate or border ; to meet ; ~
with on, upon, or against.
A-bnt1llMlt(-bQt'meut),n. 1. An abutting. 2. That
on or against which a body abuts or presses.
A-blrt'tal (-tol), n. Butting or boundary of land.
A-byiKmal (-bis'mal), a. Bottomless; profound.
A-byM' C-bTs'), n. [L. abyssus a bottomless gulf,
fr. Gr. afivaoKK bottomlcos ; a priv. -\- ^v<ro-6f bottom. J
An uufathomed depth ; hell, or the bottomless pit.
A-byu'al (-al), a. Like an abyss ; fathomless.
A-€a'0lft (-kS'ahi or .shT-&), n. ; nl. E. Acaciai
(-shiz), L. -CUB (-shT-S). [L., fr. Gr. ataxia a thorny
Egyptian tree.l 1. A genus of legumi- j'
nous trees and shrubs. 2. Inspi&sated i
juice of several species of acacia ; — called I
also ffum acacia^ and ffum arabir.
Ac'a-dMn'lo (ik'i-dSm'Tk), Ac'a-
dtmlc-al (-T-kal), a. [L. academicus.]
Belonging to an academy or institution of
learning ; scholarly ; classical, in distinc-
tion from scientific. — Ac'ft-dcmlo-ftl-ly,
adv.
Ac^a-tfem^ n. 1. A Platonic philos-
opher. 2. A member of an academy, col-
lege, or ui.iversitv ; an academician.
Ad-tfem'io-aft (-T-kalz), n. pi. Dress
worn at some colleges and uiiiven^ities.
ACA-tfe-mi'dan (-d#-mTsL'an), n. A
member of an academy.
A-CHd'C-Biy (4-kXd't-my), n. [F. aeadSmif, L. aeade-
mta.l 1. A garden near Athens (named from the hero
Academus), where Plato taught the Platonic philosophy.
2. An iubtitution for higher learning ; a school rankhig
I btt^eeu a college and a common school. 3. A society
for advancement of art, science, or literature.
Ac'a-leph (Sk'4-ie(), Aca-Ie'pluui (-IS'fan), n. One
of tliC Acalephie.
II Ac'a-Whhm (IS'fe), n. pi. [NL., fr. Gr. MpJi^ri
a nettle.] A group of invertebrates including the jelly-
fishes and hydroids ; — so called from the stinging power
they poat«&8. Sometimes called sea nettles.
A-cantbllS (4-kIn'th&s), n.;pl. E. Acasthusss (-Sz),
L. AcAKTUi (thi). [L., fr. Or.
aicai'^, fr. oKovBa thorn, fr. (
am} point. See Acute. ] 1. A
genus of herbaceous prickly
Slants, found in the south of
Europe, Asia Minor, and India.
2. An architectural ornament
resembling the acanthus, used
in capitals of the Corinthian
and Composite orders.
A-«at't-lec'tio (-k«t'4-i?k'.
tTk), a. [Or. oxaraAiHcrK not defective at the end.]
Mot defective. »n. A verse having the complete num-
ber of syllables.
Ac-cede' (ftk-sW). r. i. [L. accedere to approach, ac-
cede ; ad -f cedere to move, yield.] 1. To enter upon
au ofl^ce ; to attain. 2. To become a party ; to assent.
Syn.— To agree : consent ; comply ; acquiesce ; concur.
Ac-oel'«r-ate (-t«l'2r-at), v. t. [L. aceeUmtus, p. p.
of aecelerare ; ad -f celerare to hasten.] To quicken
tlie motion or process of ; to hasten. — AO-CCl'cr-AtiOll,
n. — Ao-cel'er-A'tor. n. & a.
Syn. - To hasten : expedite : quicken ; dispatch ; for-
ward ; advance : further.
Ao-oePer-A-tlve (-A-tTv), Ac-cel'cr-a-to-ry (-A-te-rJ),
a. Relating to nroelt^ration ; quickening.
Ao'oent (SkVCnf), n. [L. accrntut; ad + cantus a
singine, canrre to sing. See Cant. J 1. A superior force
of voice upon a particular syllable of a word or a phrase.
2. A character used in writing, to regulate the pro-
nunciation ; esp. : (a) a mark to indicate the place of the
Acanthus {Arch.).
ft, e, 1, 5, a, long , ft, e, 1, 5, 0. S', short ; senftte, (vent, tdea, Obey, Anite, cAre, iirm, ask, |^l, finaL
ACCENT 5
frpoken accent ; (6) a mark to indicate the sound of the
vowel uiarked ; as, the French accents. 3. Modulation
of the voice in speaking ; manner of pronouncing.
Ao-oent' (Sk-sfinf ), v. t. To pronounce, utter, or mark
with accent ; to emphasize.
Ac-oentn-al (-seu'ttt-al), a. Relating to accent;
formed by accent.
Ao-0«llla-Ate (-St), v. /. [LL. aeetntualusj p. p. of
accfntuare^ fr. L. accetUus.'\ To mark or pronounce
wiih accenU ; to emphasize. — A(MWII't11-a'tMII, n.
AlHMpt' (-sfipf), V. t. [P. accepter^ L. acceptare^
freq. of aecipere ; ad 4- capcre to take. I 1. To receive
with a consenting mind ; to approve. 2. To admit and
agree to. 3. To understand. 4. To receive as obliga-
tory and promise to pay (a draft, bill, etc.).
8yn. — To receive ; take ; admit. See Rscxrvs.
Ao-oept'a-ble, a. Worthy or sure of being accepted ;
gratifying ; welcome. — Ao-onit'A-liU1-ty, Ao-oept'a-
Dto-iMSB, n. — Ac-^epf a-lily, adv.
ACh€#p>f anoe (-<in8), n. 1. An accepting ; a receiv-
ing what is offered, with satisfaction or acquiescence ;
approval. 2. An ei^;agement by one on whom a bill of
exchange is drawn, to pay it when due ; an accepted
bill. 3. An agreeing to terms of a bargain.
Ao'oep-talUMl (Sk'sSp-ta'sh&n), n. The meaning in
which a word or expression is generally received.
Ao^evt'er (Sk-s6pt^r), n. 1. One who accepts ; a
taker. 2. In law, an ac<«ptor.
Ao-cepfor (-ir or -0r), n. [L.] One who accepts;
one who accepts an order or a bill of exchange.
AlH)MS' (Sk-sSs^ or Sk'eSs), n. [L. accesms^ fr. ae-
eedere. Bee Accede.] 1. A coming to ; approach ; ad-
mission ; accessibility. 2. Means or way of approach ;
pusage. 3. Increase; addition.
A€H09afWtL-Tf (-sSs'st-rj^), a. Accompanying, as a sub-
ordinate ; accessory ; contributing to a crime, but not
as chief actor. See Accbssort. <— n. One who is an as-
sistant or instigator to a crime, though not present at
its commission.
Ao-C«Ml-1lle (-T-b*l), a. Easy of access ; approacha-
ble. — Ao-cen'l-ViT, adv. — Ao-oaM'i-Mll-ty, n.
Aci OOa'rtnn (-sfisVCn), n. [L. accession fr. acceder^.
See AocKOB.1 1. An acceding and becoming Joined.
2. Increase by something added ; augmentation. 3. A
coming to a throne, office, or dignity.
S711.— Increase; augmentation; enlargement.
Ao'oes-WKrl-al (Sk^ses-MS'rl-ol), a. Pertaining to an
accessory.
Ao-oeg^lO FT (Xk-sSs^sd-rj^), a. [L. accexxorius. See
Access, and cf. Accessary.] Accompanying as a sub-
ordinate ; additional ; contributing or contributory. '
Syn. — Accompanying; contributory: auxiliary; sub-
sidiary ; subservient ; additional ; acceding.
— n. 1. An accessary ; something additional and subor-
dinate. 2. A feature of a work of art, ornamental but
not necessary.
Syn. — Abettor ; accomplice. See Abettor.
Ao'd-dOMM (Sk'sT-dens), n. [Corrup. of E. accidents.
See Accident, 2.] The infections of words; the rudi-
ments of a subiect.
Al/0l-4eilt (-dent), n. [F., fr. L. accident^ -dentis^
p. pr. of accidere to happen ; ad -|- cadere to f alL See
Gadbncb, Cass.] 1. A chance event ; contingency ; cas-
ualty ; mishap. 2. A property of a thing not essential
to it, or as distinguished from its substance.
Ao'el-dMltalt a. 1. Happening by chance; casual.
2. Nonessential ; incidental. — Ao'ol-de&'tal-ly* adv.
Syn. — AccmBiiTAL ; Inciobictal : Casual; Fortui-
TotTB : CoHTnfOEMT ; occasional ; adventitious. — A thing is
called acc^ental when it falls out as b^ chance, and not
ha the regular course of things. It is mcidenint when it
falls, as it were, into some regular course of things, but
is secondary, and forms no essential part thereof. It is
easHol, wlmi it happens by chance, without being pre-
Besk and Tslons of one of the
Accipitre* cGyrfalcon).
ACCOMPLISHED
meditated, and when it is somewhat unimportant. FoT'
ttiUotit applies to what ocouiit without known cause, and
in opposition to what has been foreseen. CoHti$igefU re-
fers to what, considered in itself, may or may not hap-
pen, but depends on something else.
II Ao-clpl-ter (Sk-sTp^-t8r), n.; pi. E. Aocipmu
(-tSrz), C ACCIPITRES
(-tr8z). [L.,hawk.] A
genus of rapacious i
birds ; one of the Ac- \
cipitres or rapacious
birds, which have a
hooked bill, and sharp,
strcmgly curved tal-
ons. The vultures, fal-
cons or hawks, and
owls are examples.
Ao-^laim' (-klamO,
V. t. & i. [L. accla-
mare ; ad -f- clamare to cry out.] To applaud ; to shout.
— n. Acclamation.
Ao^ola-ma'tlOll (-kli-mi'shOn), n. A shout of appro-
bation, assent, or approval ; applause.
Ao-oUun'a-tO-ry (-klSm'4-t«-rj^), a. Applauding.
Ao-cUlnate (-kli'mit), v. /. [F. aedimater; h (L.
ad)-^cUmat climate.] To acclimatize. —Ao'oll-llia'-
Ac-oii'ma-ti-ia'tlOll (-mi-tT-zX'shttn), n. A making,
or becoming, used to a new climate.
Ac-cU'Oia-tlzo (-tiz), r. t. To inure to a climate dif-
ferent from that which is natural: to adapt to the
peculiarities of a foreign or strange climate.
Ao-oUvl-ty (-klTvT-ty), n. [L. aeclivUat, fr. accli-
nts^ ascending ; ad -\- clivus a hill, slope.l A slope con-
sidered as ascending, in opposition to declivity^ or de-
scending ; ascent.
Ao-cu'voiis (-kli'viis), a. Sloping upward ; rudng, at
a hillside ; — opposed to dedivous.
Ao-oom'mo-date (-k5m'm^-dXt), v. t. [L. aecommo-
datus, p. p. of accommodare ; ad -\- commodore to make
fit, help ; con- -(- modus measure. Bee Mode.] 1. To
render fit or correspondent ; to adapt. 2. To bring into
agreement ; to reconcile ; to settle. 3. To furnish with
something desired or convenient ; to oblige.
Syn. — To suit ; adapt ; conform ; adjust ; arrange.
Ao-COm^O-da'ting (-dX^Tng), a. Affording, or ready
to afford, accommodation ; obliging.
Ao-oom'mo-datloa (-dX'shQn), n. 1. A fitting or
adapting; adjustment. 2. Obligingnesa. 3. Whatever
supplies a want or affords ease or convenience : anythlna
furnished which is desired or needful ; pi., lodgings and
food, as at an inn. 4. Adjustment of differences ; rec-
onciliation ; settlement. 6. A loan of money or credit.
Ao-oomiHi-lli-IIMBt (Sk-klim'pi-nT-mrat), n. That
which accompanies or is added for completeness, orna-
ment, or symmetry ; in music, a subordinate part accom-
panying the voice or principal instrument.
Ao-Oom'INI-lllst (-j^nTst), n. Musical performer who
takes the accompanying part.
Ao-OOOl'pa-liy (-nj^), v. t. [F. accompngner to asso*
ciate with,fr. OF. campaign companion. See Compaht.]
To go with as a companion or associate.
Ao-OOOl'pUoe (-kom'plTs), n. [Ac- (perh. for the ar-
ticle a or for L. ad) -+- E. complice (obs.). See Coiiru-
CATS.] An associate in a crime.
Syn. — See Abbttob.
Ao-oooi'plUdl (-pllsh), V. t. [F. aceomplir ; L. <uf +
complere to fill up. J 1. To complete. 2. To effect ; to
fulfill. 3. To equip thoroughly ; to render accomplished.
Syn. — To do ; perform ; fidflll : effect ; complete ; ex-
ecute ; achieve ; perfect ; equip ; furnish.
/IfMWnn^lttlllHl (-plTsht), a. Completed ; effected ;
complete in acquirements.
fCm, recent, 6rb, ryde, f ^ Urn, food, ftfbt, out, oU, eliair, so, aius, ink, then, tliiii.
ACCOMPLISHMENT (
AO^OOfpUlll-mtllt (Kk-kSn/pITsh-mCTit), n. 1. An
•ccomplishnig ; completion; fiuflUment. 2. Acquire-
ment; attainment.
AOHOOBUpt'ailt (-koanfant), ». An accountant.
JLo-OOfv (-kdrdOt n. [F., n., accord, harmony; t.,
aeeorder^ tr. LL. accordare ; L. ad-^eor^ eordiSj heart.]
1. Agreement or concurrence; harmony; aaaeut. 2.
Harmony of aounda; concord. — v. /. 1. To make to
agree or corretpond ; to reconcile ; to settle or compoee.
2. To grant ; to concede ; to award. ^ r. i. To agree.
Ao-MKtfliBOO (-ana), n. Agreement ; harmony.
Ao-OQKtf 'ant (-ant), o. CoQsonant ; harmonious.
Ao-OOfd'lllKt p. a. Agreeing; harmonious.
AlMMrdtBf-ly, adv. 1. Agraeably ; correspondingly ;
■nitably. 2. Consequently ; so.
S711. — AocoKDiHOLT ; GoiTSBQUSirrLT ; therefore :
wherefore; hence: ao. — Accordinylu and ronseqtterUly
indicate a connection between two things, the latter of
which is done <m account of the former. Accordingly
marks the connection as one leading naturally to the
result which f <41owed. Consequenily marks a connection
of logical or causal sequence.
Ao-OOr'Al-OB (-kdr'dT-fin), n. A musical instrument,
hsTing bellows which force wind upon free metallic reeds.
Ao-^OSf (-kSsf), V. /. [F. aecotter^ LL. aecostare to
bring side by side ; L. ad -f- cotia rib, side.] To speak
to first ; to address. [hi chUdbed. I
|]A0-00a6h«'IIMBt(Uc-kS5sh'mKif),n. [F.] DeUvery|
II Ao-OOO-tillMU' (-k05-sh8r'), M. [F.] OnewhoassisU
women in childbirth ; an obstetrician.
flAo-OOll-ekmiM'(-sh&').n. [f.] a midwife.
Ao-«OBBt' (ik-kount')« v. t [OF. aconter; a (L. ad)
•\- canter to count, F. conter to tell, compter to count, L.
eomptitefv.] To T&Iue or estimate ; to judge ; to deem,
i— V. i, 1. "To render an account or relation of |/%rticu-
lara. 2. To render an account ; to answer in judgment ;
— with /or. 3. To give a satisfactory reason; to ex-
plain ; — with /or. — n. LA reckoning ; computation ;
statement of buainess dealings or of things subjected to
a reriew. 2. A statement of reasons, causes, or occur-
rences ; narrative ; report. 3. An estimate ; valuation ;
judgment. 4. Importance; value; profit.
8711. — Accouirr ; Karkativb : Nakbatioh : Ricital ;
relMioB ; description ; explanation ; rehearsal. — An ac-
count Ituns attention to the fact related, and applies to
the report of some event, or group of incidents. A
narratfre is a story of connected incidents. Narration
is usually the same as narrative, but is sometimes used
to describe the mode of relating events. A ircital is a
aeries of minute particulars, usually peculiarly interest-
ing to the speaker.
A»«0Ut'a-1lle (-i^b*!), a. Liable to be called to
account.— Ao-oomt'a-1m1-ty, Ao-ooimt'a-ble-iiew, n.
87II. —Amenable ; responsible ; liable ; answerable.
ACHMNIBfUlt (-ant), n. One who renders account ;
one who keeps, or adjusts, accounts ; an officer in charge
of accounts.
Ao-OOOter, ) (-k«yt8r), v. t. [F. accoutrer.'^ To fur-
Ao-OOVtret f ni«b with dress or equipments , to array.
Ao-<Km't«r-lllMttS, ) n. pi. Dress; trappings; esp.,
AfHKmtra-intlltl, i equipments worn by soldiers.
Ao-orad^ (-krMat), v. t. [F. accvMiter; h (L. ad)
-f- erSdit credit] 1. To invest with credit or authority ;
to sanction. 2. To send (an ambassador or agent) with
letters credential; to authorize (a messenger or dele-
gate). 3. To credit ; to put trust in.
AfHawtton (-krfi'shfin), n. [L. accretio, fr. ac-
crejtcere to increase.] 1. Increase by natural growth ;
matter added by accession of parts externally. 2. Con-
cretion ; coherence of separate particles. 3. A growing
together of parts naturally separate.
AlHVllt' (-krn'), V. i. [F. accroUre ; L. arf -|- cre*cere
to increase.] To increase ; to arise as a growth or re-
sult ; to be added as increase, profit, or damage.
Ao'oa-IWtiOIl (IkOctt-bi'shlln), n. [L. accubatio, fr.
ACESCENT
acctibare to recline ; ad -f- cttbare to lie down.] A re-
clining on a couch, aa practiced by the ancients at meals.
AOrtmmfhnX (Ik-kfimn>«ut), a. 1. RecUmng, as the
ancients did at meals. 2. Lying again^ anjrtuing, aa
one part of a leaf against another leaf. — n. One who
reclines at table.
AfHm^ll-lAte (-ku'md-lat), r. (. [L. accumulatM^
p. p. of accumulare ; ad -\- cumulare to heap.] To
hei^ up in a mass ; to collect, ^v. L To increase.
Syn. — To collect ; pile up , store up ; amass ; gather.
Ao-€ll^ll-4A'tkait n. An accumulating or being ac-
cumulated : that which i» accumulated.
Ao-oa'flUl-lft-ttVS (-It-tTv), a. Serving to collect or
amass ; cumulative ; additional.
AfHm^ll-U'tor (-IS'tSr), n. [L.] 1. One that ac-
cumulates or amswses 2. A mechanical contrivance for
storing power, such as the cylinder storing water for
hydraulic elevators, the storage battery for accumulathng
«ner^ of electrical charges, etc
Ac^-im-oy (Xk^kd-dUj^), n. The being accurate;
conformity to truth or to a rule ; correctness.
Ao'OQ-imte (-rtt), a. [L. accurattUy p. p. & a., fr. ac-
curare ; ad-\- curare to take care.] In exact conform-
ity to truth, or to some requirement ; free from failure ;
exact. — Ao'cn-imto-ly, adv. — Ao'Oll'imtt-llMMK n.
Syn. — AccuEATV : Corebct ; Exact ; PRicm ; just;
nice ; particular. — A thing is called conect with refer-
ence to some rule or standard of comparison. It is styled
acrura/e with reference to the care bestowed upon its ex-
ecution, and its consequent correctness. A thing is exact
with reference to a perfected state in which there Is no
defect and no redundance. A thing \b precise when it ia
strictly conformed to some rule.
Ao-OOrM' (-kfirsOf V' t' To curse ; to execrate.
Ao-eVMa' (p. p. -ktlrst', a. -kfirs^), Ac-CUIt'
{p. p. & a. -kfirst'). Doomed to destruction or misery ;
curaed ; execrable ; detestable.
Ao'Oll-U'tioa (Kk'kA-a'shBn), n. 1. A charging
with an offense. 2. That of which one is accused.
Syn. — Impeachment ; crimination ; censure ; charge.
Ao-on'M-tfTe (Kk-ku'sA-tTv), a. [L. accutativus, fr.
accutare. See Accubb.] Applied to the case of the ob-
ject on which the action of a verb terminates. It corre-
sponds to the objective case in English. — n. The accu-
sative case in grammar. — Ao-cn'U-ttre-ly , adv.
Ao-oa'U-tO-IT (-sA-t^-Tj^), a. Pertaining to, or con-
taining, accusation.
Ao-OIIM' (-kuz'), T. t. [L. accusare to accuse ; ad +
causa cause, lawsuit.] To charge with a crime or fault ;
to censure. — Ao-OllB'«r, n.
•Syn. — To Accusb; Chabob; Impbach; Abeaiok;
blame ; censure ; reproach ; criminate ; indict. — To ac-
cuse is a formal act, applied usually to crimes. Charge
may refer to a crime, a fault, etc., more commonly to
moral delinauencles. To arraign is to bring (a person)
before a tribunal for trial. To impeach Is ofncially
to charge with misbehavior in office.
Ao-OttSlOlll (-kfis'tfim), V. t. [OF. acostumcr ; a (L.
ad) -f- OF. costume custom.] To make familiar by use ;
to habituate or familiarise ; ^ with to.
Syn. — To habituate ; biure ; exercise ; train.
Aoe (is), n. / pi. AoBs (a'sSz). [OE. & F. as, fr. L.
as, assisy unity, a copper coin. Cf. As.] 1. A unit ; a
single spot on a card or die ; the card or die so marked.
2. A very small quantity or degree ; an atom ; jot.
A-0epn'a-l01UI (A-pSf &-lfis), a. [Or. ix^faXo^ ; d priv
+ «c^aAi) head.] Headless ; without a distinct head ;
deficient at the beginning, as a line of poetry.
A-oerb'l-ty (-sSr'bT-ty), n. [F. acerbiti, L. actrli-
tas, fr. acerbus, fr. ncer sharp.] 1. Sourness of taste,
with bitterness and astringency, like unripe fruit.
2. Harshness or severity.
A-oes'OMlt (-sSs'efnt), a. [L. acescens, -cutis, p. pr. of
acescere to turn sour. Bee Acid.] Turning sour ; r«adily
£, S, 1, 3, 0, long ; A, £, 1, 5, 0, ^, short ; senftte, £vent, Idea, 6bey, Anite, cAre, lirm, »ak, ||11, final.
ACESCENCE
r add ;aUght]v tour.— n. A sabtUnoe Uftbto to
— Aow^O—oa Ok-dte^aens), A-^es'otii-oy, n.
Al/0-tat« (ia^ttt), n. [L. acetum vinegar, fr. aeere
to be •oar.] A salt formed by acetic acid.
A-COHo (4-»SaTk or ^tak)« o. Portaining to, like,
<Hr prodndng, Tinegar or its ing^vdieuta.
A-0«tl-tl^»ftnioa (-aSt/I-iT-ki'ab&n), n. A making
•our ; formation of Tinegar.
A-0«tl-ty (-eSt^-fl), V. A [L. aeetum Wnegar + -fy,}
To convert into acid or vinegar. ^ v. i. To turn acid.
Ao'e-tlBi'o-tMr (Ivt-tTm't-tSr), Ao'e-tooi'e-tar (-t5m'.
t-tSr), A. [L. aeetum -{- -meter.] An iuatrumeut for
abowing tbe amount of acetic acid in any liquid.
A-OlAoni (4-88 'tSs), Ao^e-tOM' (b't-tSe'), a.
1. Boor; acid. 2. Causing acetiflcation.
AitihM (ik), n, [AS. CM, fee, f r. acan to acbe.] Con-
tinued pain, aa diatinguiahed from spaamodic pain. ^
9. i. To auffer pain ; to be distreaaed. (.achieved. I
A-^htoT'ft-VU (A^hSv^i-bM), a. Capable of being |
A-Olda^*' (-ch8vO» f. '. [OF. achever^ nehievety to
flniah ; a (L. a<f) -I- OF. chi^f end, head, fr. L. caput
bead. See Canr.] To carry on to a final close ; to
accomplish ; to perform ; to win. — A-^htoT^MT, n.
Syn. — See Accompubb.
A-4Akm^m&ai, n, [Cf. F. achhtement^ E Hatch-
mar.] 1. An achieving or performing ; successful per-
formance ; acoomplisbment. 2. A great or heroic deed ;
a feat. 3. An heraldic escutcheon ; a funeral chield,
commonly called hatchment.
Aldl'nHBatlO (Sk'rft-mltnrk), a. [Or. avpM^aroc
eolorleaa ; « priv. 4- Xfi**f^ )^*H*^f^* color.] Free from
color ; transmitting Ught without decomposing it into its
primary colors ; not absorbing color from a fluid.
AOklo-mik'tk^tf (-mi-tTsa-tf), A-ohio'aui-tlim
(i-kriKmA-tTz^m), n. The quality of being achromatic.
U A-ote'S-U (A-sIk'tt-lA), n. ; pi. AcicvhM (-15). [L.,
a small needle, dim. of octM needle.] Anything likis a
needle, as a sphie, bristie or crystaL
A-fiti/ll-lar (-tSr), a. Needle-shaped ; slender like a
brirtle; having sharp points like needles.
Aoid (Ksntd), a. [L. acidue sour. Cf. Actttb.]
Soar, sharp, or biting to the taste ; tart ; pertaining to
an add.i— A. A sour substance; substance capable of
combining with bases to form salts and of reddening veg-
etable blue colors.
A-oMn-ffft-Ue (4.sTdT-fi'&-b*l), a. Capable of being
addifled, or converted into an acid.
A-cUn-fT (-T-fi), r. t. [L. acidus + -fy.] To make
add ; to sour ; to imbitter. — A-old^l-fl-€ft'tiOB, n.
AdO^III'e-tor (isOTd-Im^tSr), n. [L. acidus -i- -me-
ter.'] An instrument to show the strength of adds.
A-€Ml-ty (A-sIdT-tj^), Aolfl-IIMS, n. Sourness ; Urt-
ness ; sharpness to tbe taste.
A-eM^ll4at» (-tt-lit), v. t. To make acid in a moder-
B degree ; to sour somewhat.
light
A»-kllOWl'«df« (Ik-nBl'SJ), r: t. [Prob. fr. prof.
> degree ;
H-oliKtt-U
I (-lUi). a. Slightly sour ; sub-add.
-f verb knowledge.] To own or admit 'knowledge of ; to
recognise as a truth or aa oenuine ; to assent to (a legal
instrument, to give it validity).
Syn.— To Ackvowlkdob; RaoooinzB: avow; pro-
admit; allow; conce^: confess. — Re-
claim; own;
kmowledoe \a ovpoted to conceal^ and sunposes something
previooalv known which we now feel bound to make
public. Jteeognize suppoaes that we have forgotten or
not had a thing distinctly in mind, but that now we know
and admit it. See alao CoirFBss.
A»laMWl'«dC-flMBt, n. 1. An acknowledging ; ad-
mission ; recognition. 2. Courteous recognition ; ex-
rssioo of thanka; return for a favor, message, etc.
An avowal of one*s own act, to give it legal validity ;
the certificate of such declaration.
Sjn. — Confession : concession ; recognition ; admis-
iian; avowal; recognisance.
ACQUITTANCE
Ao'BM (Xk'mt), A. [Or. oKfAM point, top.] The top or
highest point; culmination; crisis of a dliMse.
Ao'O-lyt* (-^-Ut), Ao^o-lytk (-nth), m. [Gr. UiKnAot
following.] An inferior church officer ; an asfeistaut.
Ao^O-Btle (-nit), A. [L. acoA^Kin, Or. flutovtror.] The
herb wolfsbane, or monluhood ; extract or tincture used
as a poison and medicinally. — Ao'O-llltIo (-uTtTk), a.
A'OOfB (Sn^ttm). A. '•" - • -..
The fruit of the oak.
A-0«t'7-le'dOO (&-k0tnr-18'dttn), A. [Or. i. priv. -\-
Korvknbnv anything cup-shaped. See CoTTLBDOif.] A
plant wliich has no cotyledons.
A-0«t'y-ltd'oa-OlU (-lU'llo-fis), a. Having no seed
lobes ; having no true seeds, as ferns, mosses, etc.
A-OOIUi^tlo (-kous'tTk or -kfid^-). a. PSr oucovtm-
m6i relating to hearing, f r. axouctv to hear.] Pertaining
to hearing, or science of sounds ; auditory. — m. A
medicine or agent to assist hearing. — A-OOOStllHd, a.
A-OOUtkM, A. [Names of sciencee in -k«, as, ueou*-
ttes^ mathenudicty etc., are usually treated aa singular.]
Sdence of sounds, their nature, phenomena, and laws.
Ao-^nalllf (Ik-kwintO, v. t. [OE. aqueinien^ OF.
aeointtett LL. adcognitarcy fr. L. ad -^ cogniiui^ p. p. of
cognoMcere; con- -f noscere to know.] 1. Tb make (one)
to know ; to make familiar. 2. To inform.
Syn. — To inform ; apprise ; communicate ; adviae.
Ao-^pudnfaaoo (-<ins), n. l. Familiar or intimate
knowledge. 2. A person or persons with whom one is
acquainted. — Ao-qiudiiraiioe-alily* «*•
Syn. — Acquaihtamcb; FAMiUABmr; Ihtimact; fel-
lowship; knowledge. — ^cotmin/dATf arisea from occa-
sional Intercourse. Famitiaritv is the result of such
continued acquaintance that there ia no lomcer any
restraint and reserve. Intimacy is the result ctttec in-
terchange of thought.
Ao^gnX 9&0it^ (Ik'kwT-SsO, v. i. [L. aequieseere; ad
-j- quicMcere to be quiet, fr. quiet rest.] To rest satia*
fled ; to consent by silence or by omitting to object.
Syn. —To submit; comply; jrield; asaent: a(
consent ; accede ; concur ; conform ; accept tacitly.
Ac'qvl-M'Otllt (-srat), a. Resting satiafled or sab-
missive. — Ao^gid-M'oeBoo, Ao'giil-iiroMi-oy, a.
Ao-qnlre' (-kwIrO, v. t. [L. acquirere^ aequititum;
ad -f- quaerere to seek for.] To gain, usually by one*a
own exertions. •— Ao-qidr'a-ble, a.
Syn. — To obtain ; gain ; attabi ; procure ; win ; earn ;
secure. See Obtaih.
Ao-qvtn'BMllt, A. An acquiring ; anything acquired ;
attainment.
STn. — AcQuninoir ; Acqvibbmbmt. — Acquirement ia
used in oppoeitiou to a natural gift or talent, and denotes
especially personal attainments, in opposition to external
thingB gained, which are usually called acquisition*.
Ao^qid-ll'tlOII (-kwT-iIsh'On), n. 1. An acquiring.
2. Thing acquired or gained ; an acquirement
Ao-qidan-tt?* (-kwIsa-tTv), a. Able or disposed to
make acquisitions ; acquiring. — Af)-qilia'l-tt¥*4y, adv,
— Af)-qid0l-tt¥«-llMS, n.
Ao-qotr (-kwTtO, v, t. [F. acquiUer; h (L. a<f)4-
quitter to quit.] 1. To c'Ls-liarge (a claim or debt);
to pay off; to requite. 2. To set free or discharge
from an obligation, burden, accusation, or charge.
3. Reflexivelv: (a) To clear one*s self. (6) To con-
duct one^s self; to perform one*s part.
Syn. — To abe<rfve; clear: exonerate; exoolpate; re-
lease ; discharge. See Absolvb.
Ao-avlttal (-t^l). a. l. An acquitting ; diachargB
from debt or obligation. 2. In law, a deliverance from
the charge of an offense, by verdict of a jury or sentence
of a court.
Ao-qvlttaBOe (-tans), n. 1. A release or discharge
from liability. 2. A writing which is evidence of a du-
charge ; a receipt in full.
ftm, recent, 6rb, r^df^ '^^ ^'^"h food, f<^t, out, oil, otair, so, sins, iQk, ttien, tliin.
ACRE )
A'ort (i^dlr), n. [AS. aeer ; akin to L. OjQtr^ Gr.
IyP^, fleld.] ▲ piece of land coutaioinf 160 aquare roda.
A'OPMICt (-tJ)* *• Acrea collectively.
Aoild (Ik'rld), a. [L. aeer aharp. See Eaodu]
1. Sharp and banh, or bitter and hot, to the taate ;
pungent. 2. Cauaing heat and irritation; corroaive.
iTCauatio; irritatma. — A-oMl-ty (4^krIdTtj^), Al/-
lld-ll0Mf n. ~ AoW-ly, adv,
AoM-mo-ny (Sk'rT-w^ny), n. [L. acrimonia, fr.
aeer aharp.] Sharpneaa or ae verity ; bitteme«i of dia-
poaition or mannera. — Ao^ri-mO^-OIIS (-niyuI-QB), a.
— Acrl-mo'iii-oiu-ly, adv.
S^.^AcsniONT: AapuuTTj HABSHima: Tartkbm.
— Asperity and hnrmufM ariae irotn auery f eeliuga, with
diaregard for the feeliiiga of othera. Har$hnes» iiaually
denotea needleaa aeventy. Acritnony u a biting aharp-
neaa produced by an imbittered spirit. Tarinrss denotea
alight aqwrity and impliea intellectual readiueaa.
AClro-lMIt (-rd-bSt), n. [Or. ijcp6fiaTOt climbing aloft ;
Jbcpot high -|~ jBoivtiv to ga] One who practicea rope
daudng or daring gjminastic feata. — Ao'IO-lMlMOt a.
AlOtn-tm (-JSn), n. [Or. itcpot -^ -ffen.} A plant of
the higheat claaa of cryptogama, including the fema, etc.
Ao-roc'«-BOlUI (-rOj^nCia), a. Increaaiug by growth
from the extremity.
A-«rail'yo (A-krSnTk), ) a. [Or. ixpoyvxot at night-
A-«nill'yO-al (-T-kal), > fail; oKpoi + vv( night.]
A-oron^Oll-ai (-T-kal), ) Riiing at aunaet and setting
at aunrise, as a star ; — opposed to cosmical.
A-erop'0-lUl (-kiSp'd-lTs), n. [Or. lUpoiroAif ; ok^ok
-4-«<SAtt city.] The citadel of a Orecian city ; especially,
the citadel of Athena.
ACro-Spire (Ik'r^-aplr), n. [Or. mmk 4 <nr«ipa any-
thing twisted.] Tiie sprout at the ena of a seed begin-
ning to germinate.
A-erOM' (4-kr6s0, prep. A adv. [Pref. o- + cross.
See Caoes, n.] From aide to side; crosswise, or in a
direction onpoeed to the length ; quite over.
A-CHMltlO (-tTk), n. [Or. ivpoarixoc ; axpov extreme
4-<rrt;(0t order, verse.] A compoaitton in which tlie
first or last letters of tne linea, or certain other letters,
taken In order, form a name, word, phrase, or motto. —
A-«rMrtlo, A-crostlo-ftl, a. — A-oros'tlo-al-ly, adv.
Act (Xkt), n. {L. nctusy fr. agere to drive, do. See
AoBRT.] 1. That which is done or doing; perform-
ance; deed, {n) The determination of a legislative
body, court of justice, etc. ; a decree, law, judgment,
award. (/>) A formal writing, expressing something
done, (c) A principal division of a dramatic work.
2. Process of doing ; action. — r. t. 1. To perform ;
to represent dramatically. 2. To assume the oflBce or
character of; to play; to personate. 3. To feign or
counterfeit ; to simulate. — 1>. i. 1. To exert power ; to
rduce an effect. 2. To be in action or motion.
To behave or conduct ; to deport one*a self. 4. To
perform on the stage ; to represent a character.
n Ao-tlBl-A (Ik-tTn^-A), n. [Latinised fr. Or. oicrK,
Ajn-ri^of , ray.] An animal resembling flowers in form and
color, and often called animal Jiowrr and sea anemone.
Ao-tlatO (-Tk), a. Pertaining to actinism.
Ao^ttn-tem (Sk'tTn-Tx*m), n. The property of radiant
energy (in solar or electric light) which produces chemi-
cal changea. aa in photography.
Ao^tkm (-shCin), n. [L. aWt'o, fr. agere. See Act.]
1. A doing of sometliing ; exertion of power ; effect of
power exerted ; agency ; operation. 2. An act ; thing
done; deed; ui enterprise, (pi.) Conduct; behavior;
demeanor. 3. In meclianics, effective motion ; meoh-
aniam. i. A legal suit or process. 5* An engagement
between troopa or ships in war ; battle ; flght.
AotUm-a-me (-4-b'l), a. That may be the subject of
an action or suit at law. — Ac/tlOIl-A-Dly, adv.
Aottrv (-tTv), a. [L. aeiii*us, fr. agere to act.] 1. Hav-
ing the power or quality of acting or of cau&ing action
ADAMANTINE
or motion;— oppoaed to passive, 2. Quick in move-
ment ; nimble ; energetic ; buay ; lively. S. In grammar,
applied to a form of the verb ; — oppoaed to passive ; also
to v^rbs which aasert that the subject acts upon or affecta
something else ; transitive. — Ao^T«-ly (BktTv-H^), aif r.
- Al/tiTS-IMM, Ao-tt¥l-ty (tTv'T-tJ^), H.
Sjn. — Agile ; alert ; brisk ; vigorous ; nimble ; lively ;
quick; sprightly; prompt; energetic.
Actor (ik'tJr), n. [L., fr. agere.^ 1. One who acts ;
a doer. 2. A theatrical performer.
Al/tren (-trSs), n. A woman who acta.
AotQ-al (-ttt-<il, 40), a. 1. Existing in act or reality ;
real. 2. In action at the time being; now existing;
present — Ac'tQ-ftl-neM, ACtQ-all-ty (-«T-ty), II. -
AotQ-Al-ly, adv.
Syn. — Real ; genuine ; positive ; certaUi. See Real.
Aotn-A-ry (-t-r^), n. [L. actuaritu clerk, fr. actns^
p. p. of agere. \ 1. A registrar or clerk. 2. Tlie com-
puting official of an insurance company.
Ao'ta-Ata (-5t), r. t. [IX. actwttusy p. p. of actuare^
fr. L. actus act.] To put into action or motion ; to in-
cite ; to influence actively.
Syn. — To move : impel ; incite ; instigate : animate.
A-CUlO-Att (i-kult-tt), a. [L. acttleatus^ fr. acvlevs^
dim. of acits needle.] Having a
ating, prickles, or sharp points.
A-OQ'niMl (-mSn), n. [L., fr.
acuere to sharpen. Cf. Acftk,]
Quickness of perception or dis- Aculeste Stem,
cemment ; nice discrimination.
Syn. — Sharpneaa; aagadty; keenness; acuteneaa.
A-ca'ml-liatt <-mT-ntt), a. Tapering to a point;
pointed. — A-CU'ini-lia'tion, n.
ACn-pVBOtvre (ik'tt-p&nk'tdr, 40), n. [L. anis a
needle 4- punctvra a pncklug, fr. pungere to prick.]
Pricking vrith a needle; insertion of
needles into living tissues for remedial
purposes.
A-CUtt' (i-kutO, a. [L. octi/tM, p. p.
of art/«rc to sharpen.] 1. Sharp at the V
end ; pomted. 2. Having nice discern-
ment ; penetrating : ahrewd. 3. Hav-
ing quick sensibility; sharp; keen;
intense. 4. High, or shrill in sound.
6. Coming speedUy to a criaia.- ^^^,^ ^es^^
A-cutely, ndr.
Acvts angle, an angle less than a right angle.
Syn, —Subtile; ingenious; sharp;
keen; penetrating: sagacious: sharp-
witted ; shrew d : discerning ; discnnu-
nating. See Bubtilb.
A-cnte'neM, n. 1. Tlie being acute
or pointed ; aharpness. 2. The fac- Acute Angle,
ulty of nice dlscemment or percep-
tion; acumen; keenness; sensitiveness. 3. Shrillness;
hlKh pitch ; — said of sounds. 4. Violence of a diseaic,
which brings It speedily to a crisis.
8yn. — Penetration; sagaHty ; keenneas: higenoity;
shrewdness; subtlety ; sharp-wittednoss.
Ad'agO (Waj), 11. [F. ; fr. L. adaginm ; ad 4- rort
of L. aio I siy.] An old saying, accredited by loi:g use.
Syn. - Axiom ; maxim ; aphorism ; proverb ; aaymg ;
saw : apothegm. See Axiom.
II A-da'gio (i-dK'j6), a. & adv. [It ; ad (L. ad) at
-f- agio leisure, ease. See Aoio. ] Blow ; slowly, lei-
surely, and gracefully, ^n. A piece of music in adagio
time ; a slow movement.
Ad'a-mant (S4l'i-mSnt), n. [OF. : L. adama*^ adn-
mon/Ct. the hardest metal, ifr. Gr. ofofiaf, -nvro^ ; o priv.
-f jofifi' to suUIiie.] A f ubulouB stone of inq enetrabi*
hardness ; the diamond or other very hard aubstance.
Ad'a-man-ta'aii (3*'A-m&u-tS'an), Ad'a-mantlne
&, S, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, C, I, 5, A, ^, abort ; aenftte, Cvcnt, Idea, 6bey, finite, cAre, jirm, aak, fUI, fMa\
ADAM'S APPLE
ADJACENCY
(Mdfk'VaMn'iXn)t a. 1. Made of adamant ; impenetrabla.
%. Like the diamond in hardness or lustre.
AA'am'm ap'ple (id'omx ii/pU). 1. A large species
of banana. 2. A spiecies of lime or lemon. 3. The pro-
jection formed by the thjroid cartilage in the neck.
A-tfapt' (i-dlpf), V. t. [L. adaptare; ad -\- aptare
to fit.] To make suitable ; to fit ; to adjust. — A-d^^'-
ft-bto, a. — A-tfAVt'A-tall1-ty, A-4Apt'A-1»i«-ll0Mf n.
Aa'ap-UHlMI (Xd'Sp-tS'shiiu), n. 1. An adapting, or
fitting, or iMing adapted; fitness. 2. The result of
adapting ; an acUpted form.
A4d (id), V, t, [L. addere ; ad -f- dare to give, put.]
1. To give or bestow. 2. To join or unite (one thing to
another) ; to sum up. — r. i. 1. To augment ; to increase.
2. To perform the arithmetical operation of addition.
8. To say further.
Brn. — To Add : Joiw ; Amonc ; Ukiti ; Coalbscs. — We
edd bT bringing things together so as to form a whole.
We join by putting one thing to another in close connec-
tkm. We annex by attaching some adjunct to a larger
body. We unite by bringing things together so tliat their
parts adhere or intermingle. Things coalewe by coming
together or mingling hito organization.
Add'a-llU (Sd^i-bU), a. Addible.
n Ad-den'dimi (Sd-dSn'dBm), it. ; pt. Addkkda (-d&).
[L., fr. addere. \ A thing to be added ; an appendix.
Add'or (Sd'd?;r), n. Oae that adds ; a machhie for
adding numbers.
Ad^OMT, n. [AS. nmdre adder, snake ; akin to L. na-
trix water snake. An adder is for a Hadder."} A small
serpent of the viper kind.
Addl-Mt (Sd'dT-bn) a. Capable of being added. —
Add'l-Ml'l-tyfn.
Ad-Otef (-dTktO, V. i. [L, addicttu, p. p. of addieere
to devote ; ad -f- dieere to say.] To apply habitually ; to
devote; to habituate. —Ad-dist'ed-n6U, Ad-dfo'tlOll, n.
Syn. - To Addict ; Dsvotb ; Consbcratb ; Dedicatc
— Addict was formerly used in a good sense, but now
has a bad or indifferent one. Devote is always tiken in a
good sense, expressing earnestness in pursuit of some
favorite object. Consecrate and dedicate express devo-
tkw of a higher kind, Evolving rdlig^ous sentiment.
Ad-di'dflB (-dTsh'On), n. 1. An adding two or more
things together. 2. Anything added; increase. 3.
Arithmetical process of adding numbers.
Syn. - Increase ; accession; augmentation; append-
age; adjunct.
Ad-ditfon-ftl (-al), a. Added ; supplemental ; in the
way of an addition. — Ad-di'tUm-ftl-ly, adv,
Ad'dlt (Sd'd'l), a. [OB. a<ie/, AS. (Miffto, mud.] Rot-
ten ; putrid ; unfruitful or confused; muddled. ^r. /.
&i. To make or grow addle ; to muddle.
Ad-drraa' (M-drfa'). «•• t- [F. adreuer, fr. h (L. ad)
-f- dres»er^ to arrange. See Drsss, p.] 1. To prepare
(oae*s self) ; to apply (one's skill or energies, to some
object) ; to betake. 2. To direct (words, to any one or
any thing); to make (a speech, pstition, etc., to any
one). 3. To direct in writing, as a letter ; to superscribe;
to transmit. 4. To court ; to woo. 6. To consign or
intrust to the care of another, as agent, ^n. 1. An ad-
dressing one's self to a person ; verbal appUoation ; for-
mal communication, written or spoken ; speech ; peti-
tion. 2. Direction of a letter. 3. Mmner of speakhig
to another ; delivery. 4. Attention in the way of court-
ahip; — usually in pi. 6. Skill; dexterity; adroitness.
Syn. — Speech ; discourse; harangue: oration; peti-
tion ; lecture readiness ; ingenuity : tact ; adroitness.
Ad-dOOd' (-dus'), r. /. [L. adducere, addttctum, to
bring to ; acf -f ducere to lead.] To bring forward or
ofler as an argument or proof. - Ad-dn'd-Ue (-sT-bM ), a.
Syn. — To present ; allege ; advance ; cite ; quote ; aa-
algn ; urge ; name ; mention.
Ad-dnetloil (-dBk'shOii), n. 1. An adducing or bring-
ing forward. 2. Action of drawing tlie parte of the
body towards ite axis ; — opposed to abdueitoH. — Ad-
dlU/tiTe(Xd-d&k'tTv), a.
A-d«l'plioils (4^ei'ffi8), a. [Or. iitk^it brother.]
Having coalesoent or clustered filaments ;
— said of stamens of flowers. Utually i
in composition ; as, mona<f«/pA<nM. ^
II AAf-vl'tIa (Sd't-ui'tTs), n. [Aden-
-f- •4tis.'\ Olaudular inflammation.
Ad'e-noid (Sd't-noid), \ a. [Or. <Ue.
Ad'e-nold'ftl (-noid'al), j r o « c a if r ;
ajqt' gland + <^^ form.] Olaudlike;
giaiidiilar.
Ad't-nol'0-nr (-n»l'ft-jj^), n. [Ad< no-
-logy.X Physiology of the glands. —
"- no-lOglC-al (-uft-lSiT-kaf), a.
Ityt' (4^6pt0, n. [L. adeptv4 ob-
-+--/oj^.]
Ad'e-no-li
tained (sc. artem)^ he who has obtained an art, p. p. of
adipisci to obtain ; ad + apisci to pursue.] One well
versed in anything ; a proficient ^ a. Welfskilled.
Ad'0-qiUta (Id>^kwtt), a. [L. adaegttatvg^ p. p. of
adaeqttare to make equal to; ad -{■ aeqttare to make
equal, aeg»us equal.] Equal to aoroe requirement;
fully sufficient. — Ad'e-ooa-cy (-kwi-sj^), Ad'O^piAt*-
•uiBoieot;
n.— Ad'e-qiuU«-ii
8yn . — Proportionate ; comm«naurate ;
■uitalile ; competent ; caiMUe.
Ad-fect'ed (-fSkfSd), a. In algebra, affected.
Ad-hen' (-hSr^), v,i. [L. adhaerert^ adhaesum : ad
-f haerere to stick.] 1. To stick fast or cleave. %. To
hold, be attached, or devoted.
Syn. — To attach ; stick ; cleave ; cling ; hold.
Ad-hflir'eilOO (-ras), n. 1. An adhering. 9. Fidelity ;
steady attechment ; adhesion.
Syn. — Adhbrsnck, Adhbsion were once freely inter-
changed, but are now almost entirely separated. Adher-
enreXB applied to mental habits. AdheHon is confined
chiefly to the physical sense.
Ad-hMfent (-<nit), a, 1. Sticking ; clinging. 9. Closely
united. — n. One who adheres.
Syn. —Follower; partisan: npholder; diadple; sup-
porter ; dependent ; ally ; backer.
Ad-he'sloil (-he'ihttn), n. [L. adhaexfo, fr. adhaerere."}
A sticking or being attached , intimate union ; fidelity.
Syn. — Adherence ; union. See Adhxrkmcb.
Ad-he'Blve (-hTv), a. Sticky ; tenacious ; clinging. —
Ad-be'Blvc-ly, adr.
Ad-he'slTe-nau, n. 1. Stickiness ; tenacity. 2. In
phrenology, lasting attachment to persons.
A-dten' (4-duO, interj. & adv. [F. h dieUy fr. L. o/f to
4- deua Ood.] Oood-by ; farewell. — «. A commenda-
tion to the care of Ood at parting.
II Ad In'fi-llltlim (Sd Tn'rr-nia&m). [L., to influity.]
.Without limit ; endlessly.
Ad'l-po-oero' (i(da-p«-s8r'), n. [L. adept, adipU, fat
■\-cera wax.] A soft, unctuous, or waxy substance,
which sometimes replaces the fat and muscle tissue of
dead bodies after long immersion in water or burial in
moist pUces. — Ad'l-pm/or-OlU (-pSs'Sr-ns), a.
Adi-pOM' (-P^), <t. [L. ad«p9, adipis.j Pertaining
to animal fat; fatty.
Adtt (-Tt), H. [L. aditHS, fr. adire, aditum, to go te ;
ad -f- ire to go.] An entrance or passage; a nearly
horixontel opening for entering a mine, or carrying away
water and ores,
Ad-Ja'0«lt (-ja'K^nt), c. [L. adjacens, -centii, p.
pr. of adjitcere to He near ; ad -\-jacere to lie.] Lying
near ; neighboring. — Ad Ja'oenoe, Ad-Ja'0«l-oy, n.
CONTIOITOUS
Syn. — Adjacent; Adjoiniho;
Tilings are adjacent when they lie close to each other,
not necessarily in ront-uit. They are adjoining when
they meet at some line or point of junction. When eim-
tiqiioug they touch with some extent of one aide or tlM
whole of it.
f^ra, recent, drb, r^)de, fyll, Om, ftfbd, fdbt, out, oil, cttair, go, alug, iQk, then, tlM%
ADJECTIVAL
10
ADMIT
AOfftO-Wynl (Id/jSk-tl'vol or Ud'HKk-tXr-al), a. Re-
Uting to the adjective ; of the nature of an ad jective.
AdIOO-tiTt (Kd'JSk-tTv), n, [L. adJecHvum (ac.
notnen)^ neut. of adieetivus that U added, fr. adjicere
to throw to, to add to; atf -f- jadire to throw.] A
word uaed with a noun or nibatautive, to expreaa a
quality of the thing named, or to limit or define it, or
to deaoribe a thing, aa diatuct from aomethlng elae. —
AdlM-tiT»-l7, adv.
AA-yia,' (U-jein^), v. t. [P. cuHoindre, fr. L. ad-
jttngere; ad-\-jungere to join.] To join or unite to;
to be in contact with ; to attach. ^ v. i. To be next ; to
be contiguoua.
AA-f3ahnti a. Joining to; oontiguooa; bordering.
Syn. — See AojAcnrr.
Ad-JOOm' (-jOn/), V. /. & i. [F. qjourner; h (L.
nd) -\-jouT day, fr. JL diurnut belonging to the day, fr.
dies day. Cf. Joitrmal, Jourmst.1 To put off (buaineaa.
etc.) to another day, or indefinitely ; to doae or auapend
for the day.
Syn. — To Admdrm; PBOROOtrs; DnsoLVs; deUy;
defer ; poatpone ; put off ; auapend. — Adjourn ia applied
to all caaea in which public bodiea aeparate for a brief
' d, with a view to meet again. Prorogate ia applied
period.
bOret
„ Oreat Britain to that act of the executive government
which cloeea a aeaaion of Parliament. To dwnlve ia to
annul the corporate exJatence of a body.
it, n 1. An adjourning. 2. Interval
during which a public body poatpbnea buain
Ad^vSC*' (-j&j')t *"• '• [I^ adjttdieare; ad + Judi-
care to judge.] L. To award or decide judicially ; to
adjudicate. X To aentence; to condemn. 3. To re-
gard ; to judge ; to deem.
Syn. — To decree; award; determine; adjudicate; or-
Ad-jO'dl-oate (-ju'dT-kit), v. t, [L. adjudieaha^ p. p.
of adfudicare.'] To adjudge ; to aettle by judicial decree.
^mff.i. To come to a judicial deciaion. — Ad-Jll'41-<MI'-
tlon (-ki'ah&n), n. 1. An adjudicating. 2. A judicial
deciaton or aentence.
Adlnnot' (Sd^jfinktO, a. [L. adjunctus, p. p. of od-
jungere. See Adjoin.] Conjoined ; attending ; conae-
quent.— fi. L Something joined to another thing, but
not eaaentially a part of it ; an appendage. 2. A col-
league ; an aaaociate. 3. A word or words qualifying
the force of other worda.
AA-fononHaa (-jttyk'ahfin), n. A joining ; thing joined
or added. [^ n. One tiiat ia loined. I
Ad-JnnoltT* (-tTv), a. Joining ; forming an adjimct. |
A^ta-ntkn (Xd'jtt-ri'ahiin), n. 1. An adjuring;
UTieat appeal. _2. The form of oath or appeal.
AA-fBOn^ (Id-jur'), V. t. [L. adjurare, adjuraiun^ to
swear to; later, to adjure. See Jury.] To charge or
command, aolemnly, aa if under oath, or under penalty
of a curae ; to entreat eameetly.
Ad-flWt' (-jBaf ), v.t. [L. orf + Jvxla near ; confuaed
with L. ad and Justu* juat, right, whence P. ajugter to
adjuat.] 1. To make exact ; to fit ; to bring into proper
reUtiona. 2. To put in order; to reduce to ayatem.
3. To bring to a aaUafactory atate ; to regulate forliae.
— Ad-lwt'A-Mt, a. - Ad-liurt'er, n.
Syn. — To adapt; auit; arrange; regulate; accommo-
date ; aet right ; rectify ; aettle.
Ad-IVStfllMllt, n. 1 . All adjusting or being adjusted ;
regulation. 2. Settlement of legal claims; equitable
arrangement of conflicting claims. 3. The bringing all
the parU of an instrument into proper relative position
for use ; the being thus adjusted.
Syn. — Suiting ; fitting; arrangement; regulation;
aettlemeut ; adaptation ; disposition.
Adln-tan-oy (ld'jft-t«u-ty), n. 1. Office of an adju-
tant. 2. Assistance.
Adln-tant (-tfliit), n. [L. adjutan», p. pr. of adju-
tare to help. See Aid.] 1. A helper; aaaiatant. X A
rnrimental ataff officer, who aasiata the commanding
offloer in detaila of duty. 3. A very large atork, native
of India, which destroys serpents.
Adln-TAIIt (Id' jtt-vant), a. [L. adjuwnu, p. pr. of ad-
juvare to aid.] Helpins ; aaaisting. — n. An ingredient,
in a medical preacription, which akla or moufiea the
action of the principal ingredient.
Ad-BMUKnra (-m&h'ttr ; 40), v. (. To measure ; to
determine the proper ahare or apportionment of.
All meaB^mre ment f-mmt), n. 1. An aacertaining
th»' ^i'liji'iiniiiiir, ^hr .lu.^chLtig; mi.«ii>>u nation; meaaurement.
2. Tlio iiii^.iAuri' (it a tliiii^ ; tiif. [urement.!
Ad mon SHi TA'tlOQ (■men'^sLii rSMifin), n. Admeaa-|
Admin^lB-ter rmTnTA-t^rVV. t. [L. adminUtrare ;
ad 1 uiittiVratr to adTe.] L. T*i utanage or conduct
(pij UUc atTAtrn) ; lo A^ittffiiiteiid. 3^ To diapenae ; to aup-
Slv ; to piffcale. S. To »\H}Iy (k remedy); to give (a
o><s bl(j*t c^t(\). 4, To tiHi,nlfr ^ ui oath). 6. To
aef t> (an mtate). -^ r. i. 1. To i nujI i ibote ; to conduce.
2. To jK^rfonu iUv oEUce <?[ jmI jiTLr.itor.
Syn. — To manM^ ; conduct ; minister ; supply ; dia-
pense ; give oat : oiatribute ; f umiah.
Ad-mln'liktA^-al (-tS^rT-^l), o. Pertaining to ad.
miniatration. [being administered.!
Ad-llliBis-tni-ble (•mtnTa-tr&-b'n, a. Capable of|
Ad-IBln'liktnitlon (-tri'shfin), n. 1. An admimster-
Ing ; government of public affairs ; direction ; man«ge>
ment 2. The executive part of government ; the chief
magistrate and hla cabinet or council. 3. A tendering
aomething to another; diapenaation. 4. Management
of the estate of one deceased. ^
Syn. —Conduct ; management ; direction ; regulation ;
execution ; diapenaation ; distribution.
AA-mh^lm-tnk'nw (-triaTv), a. Pertaining to ad-
minlatration ; executive.
Ad-mln'liktnitor (tri'tSr), n., Ad-miifliktnitiis
(-trTka), n. /. [L.] 1. One who adminiatera affairs ; a
manager. 2. One who aettlea the estate of an intestate,
or of a teatator when there is no competent executor.
— Ad miiflB-tni'tfir-fllilp, n.
Ad'ml-ra-llto (Kd'mT-ri-bM), a. [L. admirabilU.)
Deserving admiration ; excellent — Ad'mi-ra-lliy . adr.
Syn. — Wonderful ; marveloua ; aurpriaing ; excellent ;
delightful ; praiaeworthy.
Ad'ml-rfti (-ral), n. [OF. amiral, ultimately fr. Ar.
atntr-al-bahr commander of the aea.] A naval officer of
the higheat rank ; the commander in chief of a fleet.
Ad'lBl-nl-llllp« n. 1. The office of an admiral.
2. Naval aUll of an admiral.
Ad'Bll-rfti-tT (-tj^), n. 1. Office or juriadictlon of an
admiral. X The department or offioera in charge of
naval affairs. 3. Court having jurisdiction of mantlme
questiona.
Ad'llll-ratl<Ml(-ri'8hfin),n. L Wonder mingled with
approbation or delight. 2. Sometliing to excite wonder,
or pleased aurprise , a prodigy.
Nets ef adflBiratloa, the mark [I] : an exclamation point.
Syn. — Wonder; approval; appreciation: adoration;
reverence ; worship.
Ad-mln' (Id-ralrO, r. t. A i. [L. cdmirari ; ad -f
mirari to wonder.] To regard with wonder and delight ;
to price highly.
Syn. — To esteem ; approve ; delight in.
Ad-mla'll-ldt (•mT8'»T-bn), a. [F. See AdmztJ En-
titled to be admitted ; allowable. — Ad-mii'll-llUl-ty,
Ad-iiils'il-U«-no«B, n. — Ad-mls'ilUy, adv.
Ad-mlB'Sion (-mlsh'fin), n. [F] 1. An admitting.
2. Admittance; entrance: access. 3. Acknowledg-
ment; concession; concurrence.
Syn. — See ADMrrrANCK.
Ad-mlt' (-inTf), r. t. [L. admiffere^ admisstim ; ad
i, 9, 1, 5, fl, long : ft, fi, 1, 5, fi, f, short : aen2U, ^vent, tdea, 6bey, ftnite, cftre, ftrm, &ak, |^, final.
ADMITTANCE
11
ADVANCE
different i
4- miitert to aend.] 1. To grant entrance (into a place,
the mind, or consideration) ; to receive. 2. To concede
aa true ; to acknowledge or aaaent to ; to conleaa. 3. To
allow ; to permit.
Ad-mtttlBM (Sd-mTttuns), n. L An admitting.
%. PermiBsion to enter ; right of entrance ; reception.
Syn. — Adiuttakcb : Adussiow ; access ; entrance ;
initiAtion. — Admittance is now chiefly confined to its pri-
mary aenae of acceaa into some localfty or building. Ad-
miuion haa taken aecondarr or figuratiTe aenaea ; aa,
admission to the righta of citizenship ; admission* made
by one of the partiea in a dispute.
Afl-nlx' (-mTksO, V. t. [Pref . ad- -f mix. ] To mfaigle
with something elaa.
Ad-nlXtion (-chOn ; 26), AA-mkEftUf (-tttr ; 40), n.
1. A mixing ; mixture. 8. Compound formed by mixing
t snbstanoes together.
(-mSn^ah), v. t. [L. admonere to re-
mind ; ad -f- monere to warn.] L To reprove kindly,
but seriously ; to exhort. 8. To counsel against wrong
practices ; to caution or advise. 3. To instruct or di-
rect ; to inform. — Ad-IMB'lsll-cr, n.
AA'mo-lll'tlOill (Sd'mft-nTsh'Qn), n. Gentle reproof;
expression of authoritaUve advice ; friendly warning.
Syn. — Admohition : RBnuomrsioir : Rbpboov. — Ad-
monition relates to moral delinquencies, and seeki to
prevent further transgression. Reprehension snd re-
V^oof are retrospective. A person of uiy age or st'ition
may be liable to reprehension in case of wrong conduct ;
but reproof Is the act of a superior.
Ad-mOB'l-tt-ry (-mSn'T-td-rj^), a. Conveying admo-
nition; warning; reproving.
Ad-aaft'oent (-nis'aent), a. [L. adnascens, p. pr. of
adnasci to grow to or on ; od 4- nasei to be bom, grow.]
Growing to or on aomething elae.
A-4(K (&-d5&Q, n. [OB. at do, northern form for to do.
Of. Attaib.] Trouble: difficulty; fuaa; bustle.
llA-4l>lie(-d5'bt), n. [8p.] An unbumt brick dried
in the ann ; alao uaed aa an adjective, a*, an adobe houae.
Ad't-leyoaOM (Sd'ft-lSa'aens), n. The atate of grow-
ing up from childhood to maturi^ ; youth.
Aft't-lM^Otnt (-arat), a. [L. adolesctns, p. pr. of
adoleseere to grow up to. See Aditlt.] Growing ; ad-
vancing from childhood to maturity. — > n. A youth.
A-draf (&-d8pt0« V. t. [L. adoptare; ad -f optare to
choose. J To receive as ooe^s own what is not so natu-
rally ; to aelect and approve.
A-dOvHon (-dSp'ahOn), n. 1. An adopting, or being
adopted. 2. Reception; acceptance.
A-^kfpttwt (-d&pt^v), a. Pertaining to adoption;
made by adoption ; fitted to adopt.
A-dor'A-Ma (•d5r'4-bM), a. Deaerving to be adored ;
worthy of the ntmoat love or reapect. — A-dM^a-Ua-
B0U, n, — A-dor'A-lliT, adv.
Ad^«-ration (Sd'd-iVahOn). n. L Worship paid to a
divine being. 2. Homage paid to one in high esteem ;
fervent devotion.
A-don' (A-d5r0, V. t. [L. adorare; ad -f orare to
pray, o*, oris, mouth. See Oral.] 1. To worship with
pnrfonnd reverence. 2. To love in the highest degree ;
to idolise. — A-dor'er, n. » 't>
A-doni' (-ddm'), r. /. [L. ndomare ; ad -f- arnare
to embellish. See Orhatb.] To ebmellish ; to render
aUractive. - A-doni'llieilt, n.
LKH ; bc!iiutity ; srAfy ; ^^j-iiiiili ■ f.\alt ; liruiDr. - Wt> fifc
orate jiTirl oriMmmt by pvttbigc on frgnajf* tt^ijttit^i vthich
MifTPi Vj belghMiQ the ffRDeral pffp(*t, (^nuimi^u/ In ii*ied
m K wJcJrr maaa than if^iyimtr^ Tty^mh^'lfhA Ir to imia-
nrtmt richly by nwxiifvirii! tlifi tUUi^ itiwif an a wImUc.
Atttfrn m •onifftini^'^ tflMuhPnl witk tff^mr/jfr^ bnt urten
impllcss ioni<>t]^i£ii^ mr)irH< m wlien wn piifiitk ot b ^^ilhTy
mmvdmiuii wlih nftlA^ atatu&ry. A^f^rtt m^y bf uai^il of
— ^-* '-^tiw^ly inar%l ; lu, n ntiarart^r ttitornrti uritH f^vcry
_j KT«*. Heftf nci'ither ft^rorrftf, nar vtttniurnt.
Ad-OS'en-latton (id-Ss'kfi-la'.h&n), n. [L. adotm'
lari, -latum, to kiss. See Osculatb.] Impr^nation of
plants by external contact.
A-dllff (i-drTftO, adv. & a. [Pref. a- (for on) 4-
drift.} Floating at random ; in a drifting condition ; at
the luercy of wind and waves. Alao fig.
A-droir (-droif ), a. [F. ; a (L. ad) -{- droU atraight,
right, fr. L. directus. See Dibict.] Dexterona in the
uae of the handa or mental facultiea ; ready in invention
or execution. — A-dxoltly, adv. — A-drolriiMM, n.
Syn. — Dexteroua ; akillful ; expert : ready ; clever ;
deft ; ingenioua ; cunning ; ready-witted.
Ad'Ml-tltiOIIS (Sd'aT-tTsh'fis), a. [L. adscitus, p. p.
of adseiscere, aseiseere^ to take knowingly ; ad 4- »cis-
cere to seek to know, approve, scire to know.] Supple-
mental; additional; adventitious.
Ad'll-late (-d-lat), V. t. [L. adtdatus, p. p. of adtUaH.l
To flatter in a aervile way. — Ad'tt-la'tur, n.— Ad'tt-
la-t«-ry* «•
Ad'V-lation (-li'ah&n), n. Servile flattery.
Syn. — Adulation ; Flattbbt ; Complimbrt ; ayci
')landisl
phaincy; crin
dish-
y; crinffine ; fawning; obsequiousness; blan<j
ment. — Men deal in compliments from a desire to plekwv -,
they vuaeAattery either from undue admiration, or a wish
to gratify vanity ; they practice adulation from sordid
motives, and with mingled falsehood snd hypocrisy.
A-dOlt' (A-dttlf ), a. [L. adultus, p. p. of adoleseere^
akhi to alere to nouriah. See Adolbbcbmt, Old.] Hav-
ing arrived at full aise and strength ; matured. — n. A
person, animal, or plant grown to full aise and atrength.
A-dOl'ter-ant (-dfil'tSrwmt), n. Tlist which la uaed
toadulterateanything. — a. Adulterating
A-dOl'tfir-Att (-at), t*. /. [L. aduUerfUus, p. p. of adul-
terare, fr. adulter adulterer, prob. fr. ad -(- alter other.]
To make impure by admixture of a foreign or a baaer
Bubetance.
Syn. — To corrupt; defile; debase; contaminate; vi-
tiate ; sophisticate.
A-dalt«r-at« (-tt), a. 1. Tainted with adultery.
2. Debased by admixture of foreign matter ; spurious.
A-dld'tar-Atton (-5'ahlin), n. An adulterating; cor-
ruption, or debaaement (eap. of food or drink) ; an adul-
terated state or product.
A-dvller-w, n., A-dol'tar-eM (-^a), n. /. One who
commita adultery.
A-diater-lne (-Tn or -in), a. Proceeding from adul-
teroua intercourse ; spurious ; illegal.
A-dldler-OlU (-Qs), a. Guilty of, or given to, adul-
tery; illicit.
A-dvl^er-y (-y), n. l. Unfaithfulness of a married
person to the marriage bed. 2. Faithlessness in religion.
Ad-mnntomte (Sd-&ra'br5t), v. t. [L. adumbratus, p.
p. of adumbrare; ad -f- umbrtire to shade; umbra
shadow.] 1. To shadow forth : to outiine. 2. To over^
shadow ; to shade. — Ad-mnlsmBt, a.
Ad^mn-lmitilUI (Sd'Qm-bri'sh&n), n. 1. A shadow-
ing forth. 2. A faint sketch ; an imperfect representa-
tion of a thing.
A-dvao'i A-dimqiie' (&-dBnkO,
(-dfin'-
m-uHiMT, A-muM|iiw varuuiia';, A-auraoiis ^-aun'-
kos), a. [L. aduncus; ad -f uncus hooked, hook.]
Hooked, as a parrot's bill. — A-dlU'd-ty (-dCin'sT-^), n.
A-dVflt' (-ottstO, a. [L. adustus, p. p. of ndurere ;
ad 4- urere to bum.] 1. Inflamed or scorched ; fiery.
8. Looking as if burnt ; sunburnt.
II Ad ▼a-lofram (Sd vi-lS'rem). [L., according to the
value.] A term uaed to denote a duty upon goods, at a
certain rate per cent upon their value.
Ad-yanoe' (-vine'), v. t. [F. amncer, fr. a supposed
LL, abantiare ; nb -f ante (F. avant) before. The spell-
ing with d was a mistake, a- being supposed to be f r. L.
od.] 1. To bring forward ; to move towards the van or
front. 8. To promote ; to further ; to aid. 3. To bring
to notice ; to propose ; to show. 4. To make earlier
(an event or date) ; to hasten. 6. To furnish (money,
f«m, recMit, trh, r«de, fyU, Am, food, fo^ot, out, oil, oliair, bo. "inB, iQk, tben, thin.
AbVANCEMEKt
12
ADYtUM
etc.). before it becomes due, or in itid of an enterprise ;
to supply beforehand. 6. To mihauce ; to raiie in rate.
Syn. — To raise; elevate; exalt; anrrandise; im-
prove ; heighten ; accelerate ; allege : adduce ; assign.
— ff. i. L To move forward ; to proceed. 2. To in-
crease or make progress. 3. To rise in rank or in con-
sequence ; to be promoted. —n. 1. An advancing;
progress. 2. Improvement. 3. Rise in value. 4. Au
approach ; overture ; offer. 6. A furnishing (money,
goods, etc) before an equivalent is received : payment
beforehand, —a. Before in place : beforeliand.
AA'YUIOt^mt (KJ-v&ns'ment), n. 1. An advandug,
or being advanced ; furtherance ; promotion. 2. Au
advance of money or value ; payment in advance.
Ad-Tan'tag* (-v&utij : G, 2), n. [F. avtintag^, fr.
arant before. See Aovamcb, and cf. Vamtaok.]
1. Any condition, circumstance, or means, favorable to
success ; benefit 2. Superiority ; mastery ; gain ; profit.
^ V. /. To give an advantage to ; to further ; to profit.
Syn. — Advaktaob : AnvAMTAOBOtrs ; BxHCFrr ; Bkkb-
nciAL. We call a thing a benefit^ or beneficiaU when it is
■imply productive of good ; an advantage^ or mlwmta-
geou*^ when it affords means of getting forward, and
I^aces us on a " vantage ground " for further effort.
AA^rUk-WnoOB (Sd'van-tS'jtts), a. Being of ad-
vantage; profitable; useful; beneficial. — Ad'TAn-ta'-
geoiu-ly. adv. — AO^yan-U'geoiui-nMs, n.
Ad'TMIt (Sd'vJnt), n. [L. adrentus, fr. adrenirf,
adventum ; ad -^ venire to come.] 1. The ecclesiastical
season including the four Sundays before Ghristinait.
X The first or the expected second coming of Christ.
3. Coming; approach.
Advmt Bvnday, the first Sunday in the season of Ad-
vent, or that nearest to the feast of St. Andrew (Nov. 30).
Ad'Ten-ti'tiOIUI (Sd'v6n-tTsh'Qs), a. Added extrin-
sically ; not essentially inherent ; casual ; foreign. —
AOrwrnt-WtUnuhlj, adv.
Ad-ven'tim (ad-v«n'tflr ; 40), «. [F. nrenfurr, fr.
LL. adventuray fr. L. ndvenire^ adreiitnm^ to arrive.]
1. Chance ; hazard ; chance of danger or loss. 2. A
hazardous enterprise ; a daring feat ; a stirring incident.
3. A mercantile or speculative enterprise of hazard ; a
shipment by a merchant on his own account.
Syn. — Undertaking ; enterprise ; venture ; event.
^ r. /. To risk, or hasard ; to venture upon ; to dare.
^ r. i. To try the chance ; to take the risk.
Ad-TMitnr-er, n., Ad-Yvn'tiir-eM, n. /. 1. One who
adventures, or seeks fortune in new or perilous enter-
prises. 2. A social pretender seeking advancement.
Ad-TMItore-SOme (-sCim), a. Full of risk ; adventur-
ous; venturesome.
Ad-TMI'tur-OlU (-Qa), a. 1. Inclined to adventure ;
rashly daring. 2. Full of risk.— Ad-TUl'tUr-OUS-ly, adv.
Syn. — Rash; foolhardy; presuraptnons : enterpris-
ing : duing ; luuardous ; venturesome. See Rash.
Ad'TWl) (Sd'vZrb), n. [L. adrerbium; ad-\-rerhnm
word, vorb.l A word used to modify the sense of a
verb, participle, adjective, or other adverb.
Ad-¥er^-ftl (Sd-v2r'bT-ol),a. Pertaining to an ad-
verb; of the nature of an adverb. —Ad-Terl)i-fll'l-ty
(-«T-ty), n. — Ad-yerOii-al-ly, adv.
Ad'TW-sa-ry (id'v2r-^t-ry) ,n. [L. adrersarim^ a.,
turned toward, n., an adversary. See Advkbss.] Oue
opposed ; an antagonist : a foe.
Syn. — Advkrsaht ; Enemy: Opponkwt: ANTAOOinvr.
— Enemy Implies personal hostility. Men may be ndrrr-
tnrie*, antagonitdf, or opponent to each other in certain
respects, and yet have no feelings of animosity. An ffd-
vernnry may oe simply placed for a time in a hostile
'"' • ' lult. an argument, or a game. An
position, as in a lawsul
oppoTi^^ is ranged ngai
on the opposing side. An nnimjfmiM struggles against
, an argument, or a game.
opponent \% ranged ngainnt another (perhaps passively) I
on the opposine side. An nnlngonist struggles ag
another, either ui a literal figlit or in verbal debate.
Ad-Ttr'sa-tlTe (Sd-vSr's&-tI v ), a. Expressing opposi-
tion or antithesis; as, ui adver.^ativt conjunction (frit/,
hottever^ yet^ etc.), — n. An adversative word.
Ad'verae (WvSrs), a. [L. adversus, p. p. of orftvrw
tere. See Advbbt.] 1. Acting against, or in a contraiy
direction ; contrary ; conflicting. 2. Unfavorable ;
contrary to one*s wishes ; unfortunate ; hurtfuL — Ad'*
TOrSd-ly, adv. — Ad'T«rM4l«as, n.
Syn. — See Avbrsb.
Ad-yer'alty (Sd-vSr'sT-tj^), n. a condition attended
with severe trials ; misfortune ; calamity.
Syn. — Affliction ; distress ; misery ; disaster ; trouble ;
suffering ; triaL
Ad-TMTt' (-v2rt'), V. i. [L. adrertere, v. t., to turn
to ; a<f -f~ vertere to turn.] To turn the mind or atten-
tion ; to refer ; to take heed or notice.
Syn. — To refer ; allude : regard. See Rma.
Ad-yeit'flllt, a. Attentive; heedful.— Ad-THt'eBCO,
Ad-yett'en-oy, n.
Ad^er-tlse' («a'v8r-tU' or Id'v8r-tix0, «. t [F.
avertir^ adrertir^ to warn, give notice to, L. advertere.]
1. To give notice to ; to inform ; to warn. 2. To an-
nounce publicly, esp. by a printed notice. — Ad'Tar-tll'er
(5d'v8r-tlx^r or «d'v«r-tl'i2fr), n.
Syn. — To apprise ; inform ; make known ; notify ; an-
nounce ; proclaim ; promulgate ; publish.
Ad-¥ertlse-meilt (Sd-vSr'tTz-meut or Xd'vSr-tlx'-
metit), n. 1. An informing ; notification. 2. A public
notice, esp. in a public print ; anything that advertises.
Ad-Tlce' («d-vi6'), n. [F. avu; h -f OF. rw, fr. L.
ri»i4m seemed, seen ; p. p. of videre to Me, so that vi*
meant that which has seemed best.] 1. An opinion
offered; counsel. 2. Information given; intelligence.
To taks advles. (a) To accept advice, (b) To consult
with another or others.
Syn. —Counsel; suggestion; recommendation; ad-
monition ; exhortation ; information ; notice.
Ad-¥is'a-Ut (-vix'i-b 1), a. Proper to be advised ;
prudent. —Ad-Ttra-bUl-ty, Ad-Tis'a-Ua-iieM, n.
Syn. — Expedient ; proper ; desirable : befitting.
Ad-Vlaa' (-vix'), r. /. [F. orwrr, fr. LL. adrigare :
ad -f vitare, fr. L. videre, visum, to see.] 1. To give
advice to. 2. To give notice to; to inform.— r. i. To
take counsel ; to consult. — Ad-¥is'er (-vix'Sr), n.
Syn. -To counsel; admonish; apprise ; acquaint.
Ad-¥iS'ed-ly (-^d-l^^), adv. Purposely ; by design.
Ad-TiS'ed-nesa, n. Deliberate consideration ; pru-
dent procedure ; caution.
Ad-vlselneilt, n. Consideration ; consultation.
Ad-yl'ao-ry (-vi'z6-rj^), a. Having power to advise;
containing advice.
Ad'yo-oa-cy (Sd'v6-k4-sj^), n. An advocating ; inter-
cession.
Ad'TO-cate(-ktt), n. [OE. & OF. arocat, fr. L. advo-
eaitut one called to another ; p. p. of advoaire to call to,
call to one*s aid ; atf -}- vocare to call.] One who pleads
the cause of another, or who defends or espouses any
cause by argument ; a pleader.
Ad'VO-catO (-kat), V. t. To plead in favor of ; to sup-
port, or recommend publicly. -- Ad'TOHiatiom, «.
Ad-VOW-ee' (K.l-vou-S'), n. [F. avouS, fr. L. orfro-
catnx.'\ One who has an advowson.
Ad-TOW'SOn (-vou'xttn or -sfin), n. [OE. avoireifoun,
OF. rtt'o^.von, fr. L. advoratio.^ The riglit of presenting
to a vacant benefice or livini? in the church.
II Ad'y-na'ml-a (WT-nS'inl-A), n. [NL., fr. Gr. iav-
y^fiia want of strength ; a priv. -f tvvofui strength.]
D»»biHty of the vital powers, as \n typhoid fever.
Ad'y-namlC (-nSmtk), a. Locking force : weak.
^ I! Ad'y-tmn (-tttm), »'. / pi. Adtta (-tA). [L., fr. Gr.
afiuTOF, n., fr. advToc, a., not to be entered ; a priv. -f-
dvciK to enter.] The innermost sanctuary in ancient
temples, whence oracles were jriven : n sanctum.
S, S, 1, 5, a, \ODg ; A, «, 1, 5, 0, t, short ; senfttef dvant, tdea, ftbey, finite, c4re, l&rm, ask, |^, flnaL
ADZ
13
AFFIDAVIT
/^s.
) (Ids), n, [AB. oieM, odwt, ax, hateh«t]
I ) ▲ ctrpenter's or ^
cooper*! tool for chipping or
•Ucbif wood, having a thin
ardiing blade aet at right
angles to the handle.
fr. aed€M temple, puhlio build-
ing.] A magutrate in ancient
Rome, who had charge of public '^^■^
boildinga, highways, shows, etc.
11 A'glS (-jT-i)} n. [L.f fr. Or. oiytv goat skin, shield,
aZ| goat, or fr. aurvm to rush.] A sliield or protective
armor; theahield given by Japiter to Minerva; henoe,
a protectioa.
A-O'll-ia (t-SHT-on), 0. 1. Pertaining to iBolia or
.fiolia, in AsU Minor, or to iU inhabitants. 2. Per-
taining to .Solus, the mythic god of the winds; pro-
duced by tha wind ; aeriaL
JMIaa harp, a musical instrument consisting of a box,
OQ which are stretched strings, on which the wind acts to
produce the notes. Usually placed at an open win low.
JB-Ollo (-SlTk), a. JBolian ; pertaining to MoU%.
JBf9A (S'fiu)* n. An eon, or period of immeasurable
duration ; also, an emanation of the Deity.
A-O'Bl-aB (e-O'iiT-an), a. Eternal ; everlasting.
A'Vr-ato (rSr-it), v. t. [F. airer. See Aia, v. /.]
1. To c<Mnbiiie with gas, usually with carbonic acid gas.
2. To supply with common air. 3. To expose to chemi-
cal action of air ; to oxygenate (tha blooi) by respira-
tion ; to arteriallse. — A'W-a'tlaa, n. — Alfr-a'tfir, n.
A4Krt-al it-VrX-al), a. 1. Pertaining to the air, or
i^mosphere ; inhabiting, produced by, or found in, the
air. a. Consisting of air ; of the nature of air ; unsub-
stantisl ; unre^ 3. High in air ; lofty.
At'tte (8'ry )» ». [OB. «!><•, tfiVtf, air^ nest, also origin,
descent, LL. area^ aera^ nest of a bird of prey, peril, f r.
L. arta an open space (for birds of prey build their nests
on open spaces on the top of high rocks). Cf. Area.]
The nest of a bird of prey ; a brood of such birds ; eyrie.
A'Vr-l-fonil (i'Sr-i-fdrm), a. Having the form or
nature of air, or of an elastic fluid ; gaseous ; unreaL
iL%t'itf C-fi), V. t. [L. flk»r air + -/y.] 1. To infuse
air into; to combine air with. 2. To '
ai^form sUte. — A'ttr-Ml-iul'tloil« n.
Alk-Og^-tthy (-V^'y). »• lA'iro- -f -graphy.]
Deacriptfon of the air or atmosphere ; aerolmry.
A'Vr-o^lto (^-Ut), A'Vr-ollth (-lltb), n. iAigro- -h
lite.} A stone, or metallic masa, fallen to the earth
from distant s|Mioe ; a meteorite j meteoric stone.
A'^-4kfthtrr (-ffl'd-jy), «. [Airo. -f 4ogy.] That
department of physics which treaU of the atmosphere.
A1k-«ai'«-t«r (-«m^-tSr). fi. lAirO' -^ -mfter.] An
instrument to measure weight or density of air and gases.
A'«r-«ai'*-tnr (-try), n. lAiro. -f- -metry.] Science
of measuring the air, ici pressure, elvstidty, rarefaction,
and condensation ; pneumatics (the term now usually
employed). — A^-O-msfllo (-^-mSt'rTk), a.
A'Hr-O-IMVt (-«-nftt), n. -^ '
air + ravTiff sailor.] Anaei „
— A^-o-nanl'io, A^HHiftatliMd, a.
A'Vr-O-naitflM (-Tks), n. The ascending and sailing
in the air, as by a tMlloon ; aerial navigatioti.
A'Vr-O-^hyto (-fit), n. lA<fro- 4- Or. 4,vr6tf plant.]
A plant growing entirely in the air, and receiving its
nourishment from it ; an air plint or epipliyte.
A1i^<«-CUt C-stlt), n. [Or. anp air + orar^f placed.
Bee Statics.] 1. A balloon. 2. An aeronaut.
A'ttr-O-SUtlos (-Tkn), 71. Science of the equilibrium
of elastic fluids, or of bodies sustained in them. ~ A'ttr-
0-stif iB, A'Mr-o-statiiHa, n.
A'ttr-OS-Utloil (.8e-a'sb&n), n. Aerial navigation :
use of balloons in the sir.
JB-ni'Sl-IMNM (l-ni'jT-niis), a. [L. nerftffinnxfis, fr.
To change into an
.'Vr-O-naVt (-^-nftt), n. [F. aSronaute, fr. Or.
aerial navigator ; a balloonist.
OifUM nut of oopper, fr. net copper.] Of the nature
or color of verdigris, or rust of copper.
II AhtlM'll-a (Ss-thfi'sT-i), n. [Or. aia^<nf aenssr
tion, fr. MBd¥tc€ax to perceive.] Perception by the
senses ; feeling ; — the opposite of anrnttheiia.
JBt^tiultb (bOhSt or W-), n. One who makes much
or overmuch of nstbetics. \ Recent}
Aihth«no(8s4hSt^k),iBs-tlMtVal,a. Pertaining
to lesthetics. or versed in them.
Ahtlltf 108, Bs-tlMt'lOSt *»• [Or. alo^uctSf percep-
tive, fr. ourMb^otfoi.] Theory or philosophy of taste;
science of the beautiful in nature and art.
S^tL'Wtl (Ss^tT-vol or S^-ti'vat), a. [L. aettivalu,
aettivtUt fr. aeattu summer.] Belonging to the summer.
[Spelt also etHvalA
JBtbar (S'thSr), ». Ether.
A'U-Ol'O-sy (-tT-Ol^-jj^), n. [Or. airtoXoy^; oin'a
oauae -f- A6yo( description.] L Science of causes ; in-
vestigation of the causes of disease. 2. Assignment of
a cause. - JB'ti^lOCllHd (-ft-lSfT-kal), a.
A-far' (A-laiO, odv. [Pref. a- (for on or o/) + Jar.}
At, to, or from a great distance ; far awsy.
Af lA-Ua (Si'fi-b1), a. [F. ; L. affahilii, fr. afaH to
speak to ; ad -|- fart to speak. See Fablb] 1. Easy
to be spoken to; courteous; sociable. 2. Oracious;
mUd; benign. -AffA-Ull-ty, Afta-IOt-liaM, n. —
Af^-My, adv.
Syn. — Courteous ; dvil; complaisant; accessible;
mild ; benign ; coudesceudiug.
Af-falr' (Xf-fftr'), n. [F. affaire, fr. h /aire to do; L.
ad -)- facere to do.] 1. Sometliing done or to be done ;
matter; concern. 2. An engagement less important
tluui a battle.
Af-fact' (-fSkt^), V. t. [L. affecttu, p. p. of affieere to
affect ; ad -f facere to make.] 1. To act upon ; to
change. 2. To influence (the feelings or passions) ; to
touch. 3. To show fondness for ; to choose ; to fre-
quent liabitually. 4. To make a show or pretense of.
Syn. — To influence ; operate ; act on : concern ; move ;
melt ; soften ; subdue : overcome ; pretend ; assume.
Af'fao-Ution (Sf'fSk-ta'sh&n), n. An attempt to as-
sume what is not natural or real ; artificial show.
Af-faof aa (Sf-facfSd), n. p. & a. 1. Oiven to false
show. 2. Assumed artificially ; not natural. 3. Made
up of algebraic terms involving different powers of the
unknown quantity ; adfected. — Af-faof ad-ly* adv. —
Af-faofad-nass, n.
Af-faotiilC. o. Moving the emotions; pathetic;
touching. —Af-taotinff-ly, adv.
Af-fao'tioil (-ffik'shOn), n. [F. ; L. affectio^ fr. afflcert.
See ArFBCT.] 1. An affecting or acting upon. 2. An
attribute ; condition ; bodily state. 3. Bent of mind ;
feeling or natural impulse. 4. Kind feeUng; love.
6. Duease ; morbid symptom ; malady.
Srn. — Attachment ; oassion ; tenderness ; fondness ;
kindness ; love ; good wiU. See ArrACHMXHT ; DnmAsa.
Af-faotloo-Ata (-tt), a. 1. Having affection ; fond.
2. Proceeding from love. — Af-fo(/tlon-ata-ly, adv.
Syn. — Tender; attached; loving; devoted; warm;
fond ; earnest ; ardent.
Af -faotlTa (-tTv), a. Pertaining to emotion ; emotional.
Af-ll'aiioa (-fl'ans), n. [OF. aflance, fr. afier, LL. aM-
dare to trust ; ad -{- fidare to trust, fr. L.flde* faith.]
1. Plighted faith; marriage contract. 2. Trust; con-
fidence. — V. t. To betroth ; to pledge one^s faith to for
marringe. ~ Af-fftn-oar (-«n-B«r), n.
Af-fi'ailt (-^nit), n. [From p. pr. of OF. after, LL.
affidare.} One who makes an affidavit.
8yn . — Deponent. See Dspovsirr.
AI'tl-dA'Tlt (Sf'fT-dS'vTt), n. [LL., he has made oath,
fr. itJfMare.} A sworn statement In writing ; a declara-
tion, Rign*»d and made upon osth before a magistrate.
87 n. - Deposition. See DspoArnow.
f£m, recent, 6rb, ryde, f^jOl, fkro, food, fobt, out, oil, cliair, so, sins, ^O^ tben, tbin.
AFFILIATE
14
AFOBETIM£
Al-fflfUttClf-ma^).*.^ CLLo^iare to adopt M
•on; ad'\-JUiu» mm.] 1. To adopt luto a family a« a
BOO ; to raceire into dose coimocUon ; to ally. 2. To
attach {to) or unite {wUh) ; to receive into a society a« a
member, ^v.i. To connect or aaiociate oue^it self ; —
loUowed by ttUk.
Af-ffl'l4l'tlOII (-S'ahiin), n. 1. Adoption ; association
in the same family or society. 2. Connection iu the way
of descent.
Af-ftnl-ty (-fTn^.ty), n, [P. aMnUi, L. affinUiu, fr.
a^U related to ; ad + finis boundary, limit.] 1. Rela-
tionahip by marriage ; — in contradistincUon to c
gukiity^ or relationship by blood. 2. Close agreement ;
conformity ; c<Mmection. 3. Chemical attraction which
takes placoi ait an insensiUe distance, between particles
of bodies, and unites Uiem to form chemical compounds.
Ji.f|nii' (-fSrmOf V. t. [F. affirmer^ fr. L. afjirmart ;
ad 4- firmare to make firm, ylrmta firm.] 1. To make
firm ; to confirm, or ratify. 2. To assert positively ; to
maintain as true. — r. i. 1. To assert positively. 2. To
make a solemn declaration, before a magistrate or tribu-
nal, under penalties of perjury ; to testify by affirmation.
Sjn. -To Amuf; Assbvbratb: Avbb: Pbotbst;
assert ; declare ; assure ; pronounce ; avouch ; confirm ;
establish ; ratify. — We ^rm when we declare a thing as
a fact or a proposition. We aneverale it in a peculiarly
earnest manner, or with increased positiveness. as what
cannot be duputed. We aver it, or formally declsre it to
be true, when we liave poeitive knowledge of it. We pro-
trtt in tk more public manner, and with the energy of
perfect sincerity.
Af-Onn'ft-IIlt (-A-b*!), a. Capable of being affirmed,
asserted, or declared.
Af-llzin'aiioe (-ons), n. Confirmation; declaration.
Af-tlnn'Allt (-ant), n. 1. One who asserts. 2. One
w1k> afiSrms, instead of taking an oath.
Af flr-niAtlOll (If'f&r-mS'shfin), n. 1. An affirming
or asserting as true ; assertion. 2. That which is as-
sorted ; positive statement ; an averment. 3. A sol-
emn declaration made under the penalties of perjury,
by persons who conscientiously decline taking an oath.
ii-fll1ll'A-thre(Sr-fSrm'4^tTv), a. 1. Confirmative;
ratifying. 2. Asserting that the fact is so ; declaratory
of what exists ; answering '* yes ** to a question ; —op-
posed to negative. 3. Positive ; — a term applied to ^•
gebraic quantities which are to be added, and opposed to
negative^ which are to be subtracted, ^n. 1. An affirm-
ative proposition ; that side of a ouestion which affirms
tile proposition stated. 2. A word or phrase expressing
affirmation or assent. — At •tlnn'a-tt¥»-ly, adv.
Ai'ttit (Xf-fTks'), V. t. [L. affixus^ p. p. of affiaere to
fasten to ; ad-\-figere to fasten. See Fix.] 1. To add
at the end ; to append. 2. To ilx or fasten in any way.
Syn. — To attach ; subjoin ; connect ; annex ; unite.
ASftkK (Sfflks), n. An appendage ; one or more let-
ters or sylhtbles added at the end of a word ; a sufiSx.
Af-fUtlOB (Sf-fli'shfin), n. [L. afflattu^ p. p. of af-
flare to breathe on ; ad -^ flare to blow.] A Mowing or
breathing on ; bisidration.
AMUtns (-tiiB), n. [L.] 1. A breath orbUst of wind.
2. A divine impartation of knowledge ; inspiration.
Af-fllOt' (-flikf ), r. /. [L. afflietut, p. p. of affligere
to cast down ; ad -f fligere to strike.] To inflict injury
upon ; to trouble grievously.
Sjm. — To trouble; grieve; pain; distress; harass;
torment ; wound ; hurt.
Af-fllotlnc, a. Grievously painfnl ; distressing.
Af-fUotlOII (-flYk'shOn), n. 1. Cause of continued
pain of body or mind ; grief. 2. A being afflicted.
8Tn. — AFrucnoN; Boibow: Gsibf; Durasss; ca-
lamity ; pain : adversity : misery : wretchedness ; mis-
fortune ; trouble ; hardship. — Ajmcti&n uid sorrow are
terms of general application : gne/ and distress refer to
particular cases. Affliction is the stronger term, uid
applies particularly to prolonged sources of sulferlng.
Sorrow and gri^n% much alike In "*^««fa*g, but gri^]M
the stronger term, usually denoting polraant mental suf-
fering, whereas torrov Is more reflective, and is tinged
with regret. Distress implies extreme suffering, and
supposes some struggle of mind or body.
Af-fllo^tlVt (U-flTkaiv), a. Giving continued or re-
peated pain or grief ; distressing.
Arav-MM (Vmfi-«ns), n. [F. ; L. affluentia. fr.
affluens, p. pr. of nffluere to flow to ; ad -\- fluere to ilow.
See Flux.] L A flowing to or towards ; concourse ; in-
flux. 2. An abundant supply ; profusion; wealth.
Srn. — Abundance ; riches; profusion; exuberance;
plenty; wealth; opulence.
AfUll-CBt (-ent), a. Abundant; copious; wealthy.
—A. A stream flowing into a river or lake ; a tritmtafy
stream. — Afllll-6llt-nr. adv.
Araiir(V'flllks/),Al-flllz1«l(lf-flfik'shnn),n. [L.
qffluxum, p. p. of affluere,'] A flowing towards; that
which flows to.
Af-fOf«' (If-f8rd0, V. t [OB. a/orthen, AS. ae/or-
Sian^/orSian^ to further, accomplish, tt.forS forth, for-
ward.] 1. To give forth; to supply or produce as the
natural result or fruit ; to furnish. 2. To incur or bear
without serious detriment ; to be able or rich enough.
Af-frmy^ (-'raO, ». t- [F. efftaytr^ orig. to disquiet,
fr. L. ex-f-OHG. Jridn peace (akin to E. /ree).] To
frighten. — >m. A tumultuous quarrel ; brawl ; fray.
Syn. — Quarrel ; brawl: scuffle: encounter; fight;
c<nitest ; feud ; tumult ; disturbance.
Al-fwlghf (-fraf ), r. /. [Pref. <id--f yir.>A/.] Tto
hire (a ship) for transportation of goods or freight.
Af-frigkr (-fritn, r. /. To frighten: to alarm.— n.
Sudden and great fear ; terror.
Syn. — To terrify; frighten: alarm; dismay; appall;
!are ; startie ; daunt ; intimidate.
Af-fnmt' (-frfintO, V. t. [F. affronter to confront, fr.
L. od H- /rofu forehead, front.] To offend by disre-
spect ; to treat with marked incivility.
Syn. — To insult; abuse; outrage; wound; Ultreat;
slight ; defy ; offend ; provoke ; pique ; nettie.
^ n. Contemptuous or rode treatment ; marked disre-
spect ; a purpcNMd indignity.
Syn. — AvFSOHT ; Iksult ; Outraob. - An affront is a
demgned mark of disrespect, usually in the presence of
others. An insult is a person^ attack either by w<Mds
or actions, designed to humiliate or degrade. An outrage
is an act of extreme and violent insult or abuse.
Af-fronHra (-Tv), a. Tending to affront ; offendve.
Af-fue' (-fusOf v> ^ [I^ ZF*^**^^2' P* ^' offnndere to
pour to ; ad -^jfundere. See Fuss.] To pour out or upon.
Af-in'SlOia (-fu'shfin), n. A pouring upon, or qirin-
kling with a liquid, as in baptism, or as a remedy.
jLTgluUl (Sf'gon), a. Pertaining to Afghanistan. —
n. 1. A native of Afghanistan. 2. A worsted wrap.
A-fl0ld' (A-fHdO, adv. {Pref. a- +/eW.] 1. To, hi,
or on the field. 2. Out of the way ; astray.
A-flre' (-fif), adv. & a. [Pref. a- -f->»r*.] On fire.
A-Ooar (-t5t'), adv. & a. [Pref. a- -{-float.} 1. Borne
h float.} 1.
». 2. Movi
on the water ; floatins ; on board ship. 2. Aoving; in
genera] circulation. 3. Unfixed ; adrift.
A-fOOt' (-f»f ), adv. [Pref. a- -^/oot.} 1. On foot.
2. In motion ; astir ; in progress.
A-fOlV (-fBr'), adv. [Pref. o- +/o»v.] In the fore
nart of a vesseL— prep. 1. Before (hi all its senses)
" ' before ; in f
I front of.
2. (Among sailors) I
A-fora'tO'llIC (-gS'Tng), a. Going before ; foregoing.
A-fora'llM^BlNMd (-mSn'shllnd), a. Previously men-
tioned; before-mentioned.
A-fore^Mld^ (-f8d')« a. Said before, or in a preceding
part ; already described or identified.
A-fore^tlUNICllt' (-thftt'), a. Premeditated ; prepense ;
previously in mind ; designed.— n. Premeditation.
A-fora'tlllia' (-tim')* adv. In time past; formerly.
R,iftt9,fl,l«ttff|ft,«,l,d,a,tf ^9r% i Mofttet 3v«m tdea, fkbay, ttnite, oArt, Km, Aak, fll, AmI*
AFOUL
15
AGGRANDIZE
A-ioal' (*-t<mlO, adt- & a. [Pnt. a- + /<nrf.] In
ooUuicHi ; entangled.
A-ixaiA' (-frii?0. p. a, [OB. a/rayed^ p. p. of afraien
to affny.] Impreaaed with fear.
Ssm. — Fearful ; timid ; timoroiu : alarmed ; anzioua.
A-fTMk' (-frSshO, a<f P. [Pref. a- -f/^^A.] Anew;
again; once more; newly.
Afki-GaB (if'rT-kon), a. [L. Afrietu, Afrieanu*, fr.
^/rr African.] Pertaining to Africa, ^n. A native of
Airica ; one of African race.
Af rl-oaB'<l«r (-ktn'dSr), n. One bom in Africa of
other ttian African parentage.
A-fmit' (A-frttntO, adv. [Pref. a- + fnmt.'^ In
front ; face to face. ^prtp. In front of.
Alt C^rt), adv, & a. [AS. te/ian behind ; orig. auperL
of o/, off. See Avtkb.] Near or towards the stem of a
vessel ; astern ; i^nft.
AfTer (Aft^r), a. [AS, «^er after, behind. The end-
ing -ter is an old compar. sufBx, in E. generally -thf-r (as in
oiker\, snd after is a compar. of o/, off.} 1. Next ; later
in tune ; subiiequent. %. Hinder ; nearer the rear or the
stem of the sldp. ^prep. 1. Behind in place. 2. Below
in rank ; next to in order. 3. Later in tune ; subsequent
to. 4. Following; in pursuit of. 5. In conformity
with ; after the mannw of ; in accordance with. ^^adr.
Subsequently in time or pisce ; behind ; afterward.
9^t~ After is prefixed to many words, forming com-
pounds, but retaining its usual signification. Tlie prefix
may be adveri>ial, prepositional, or adjectival ; as in infter-
deecribed, after-it%tt. The hyphen is sometimes need-
letSBly used to connect the adjective after with its noun.
Affer-Uxtll' (-bSrthO, n. The membranes connected
with the fetus, which come away after delivery.
Affer-eUp' (-klip^), n. An unexpected subsequent
erent ; a dist^rreeable occurrence after an affair Is sup-
posed to be st an end. [same year. I
Affer-ero^ (-krOpO* n. A second harvest in the|
Aft%r damp' (dimp'). An irrespirable gas, remaining
after an explosion of fire damp in mines ; choke damp.
Affer-rai'll«r(-dTn'n^r),ii. Following dinner.
Aft%r-Biat]l (-mith), n. A second mowing; grass
which grows after the first crop of hay ; rowen.
Affer-OMMt (-mSit), a. iuperl. 1. Hindmost. 2.
Nearest a sliip*8 stem ; moit aft.
Aff •r-BOOa' (-nSSn'), n. The part of the day which
follows noon, between noon and evening.
Atl'er-palillS' (-plnx0« »• pi- The pains which suc-
ceed, childbirth, as in expelling the afterbirth.
Aff •r-ptooe' (-P§>'). n. A farce or other piece per-
1 after a play. 2. Th
Affer-tlioiicM' (-thfif ),
formed
lay. 2. The heel of a rodder.
_ tt' {'t\\ff/)y n. Refiection after an act ;
subsequent thought or expedient.
Aft'er-warte (-wirdx), \ adv. At a Uter or succeed-
Af I'er-waid (-wSrd), ( ingtime.
A-galB' (i-gSn^), adv. [OE. agein^ agayn, AS. ongeAn,
against, again.] 1. In retum ; back. 2. Another time ;
once more ; anew. 3. Moreover ; besides ; further.
A-galBsr (4i58nsf ), prep. [OE. agens^ AS. ongegn.'\
1. Opposite to ; towards. 2. In contact with ; upon.
3. In opposition to ; on the oth?r side ; counter to.
A-Kuilo (A-glwTk), a. [See Aoamous.] (a) Pro-
duced without sexual union ; as, agamic or unfertilised
eggs, (b) Not having visible organs of reproduction, as
flowerless fdants ; sf^mous.
AgftL-mmm (Ig^i-mOs), a. [Or. ayofUK unmarried ; a
priv. -f- yofiot marrisge.] Having no visible sexual or-
gans ; asexual. In botany, cryptogamous.
A-gape^ (i^^p' or -gii/), adv. & a. [Pref. a- + gape."]
Gaping, as with wonder, expectation, or eager attention.
Af'A-llo (Ig'A-rTk), n. [Or. ayafuc6¥, said to be fr.
Agara, a town in Sarmatia.] 1. A fungal* of many spe-
cies, including the common mushroom. 2. A name for
several species of corky fungi growing on decayint; wood.
Ac'ato (Ig^), n. [F. ; L. achate*, it. Or. oxani*.]
L UnerystaUIxed quarts, presenting various color* ar-
ranged in stripes or bauds, or blended in clouds. 2. A
kind of printiM type, larger thau pearl and smaller than
nonpareil ; in Kugland cs^Ued ruby.
^giT' This line Ik printe<l In the type called agate.
A-ga'Tt (A-ga'v§), n. [L. Agave^ prop, name, fr. Or.
•yav^, fem. of ayowof illustrious,
noble.] A genus of plants in-
cluding the maguey or century
plant, wrongly oilled Aloe.
Af (Si)« »• [F- d^«« fr. L.
oeto«, coutr. fr. aevitas, fr.
aevum lifetime, age.] L The
whole duration of a being ; life-
time. 2. That part of the dura-
tion of a being between its be-
ginning and any given time.
3. The latter part of life;
seniority; state of being old.
4. One of the stages of Ufe (of
infancy, of youth, etc.). 6. Ma-
ture age ; the time of life at ,
which one attains personal lights *
and capacities. 6. A particular . ...
period in history. 7. A great Agave (^. ^wmcoiw).
period in tlie history of the Earth. 8. A century.
9. The people of a particular period; a generation.
10. A long time.
Sy n. — Time ; period ; generation ; date ; era ; epoch.
—V. i. To grow aged ; to become old ; to show marks
of age. — r. t. To cause to grow old ; to impart the
characteristics of age to.
A'f«d (i'jM), a. 1. Old; having lived long or .be-
yond the usual time allotted. 2. (i'jSd or l^d) Hariug
a certain age : at the age of ; havhig lived.
A'gm-oy i-ieu-af), n. [LLu agentiOy fr. L. agetu^
agenti*. See Aobnt.I 1. The faculty of acting; state
of being in action ; instrumentality. 2. Oflkw of an
i^ent, or factor; relation between a principal and his
agent; business of one intrusted .with the concerns of
another. 3. Place of businecs of an agent.
Syn.— Action; operation; efficiency'; management.
A'gent (-j^t), a. [L. agent, agenti*, p. pr. of agere
to act.] Acting, —it. 1. One who has power to act;
an actor. 2. One who acts for another ; a substitute ; a
deputy ; a factor. 3. An active power or cause, able to
produce ui effect.
Ag-glom'er-Att (ig-glSm'Sr-it), r. /. &, i. [L. ag-
giomerattUt p. p. of agglomerare; ad -\- gtomerare to
lorm into a ball] To wind or coUesC into a ball; to
gather into a mass. — (-tt), n. 1. A collection or mass.
2. A mass of angular volcanic fragments united by heat ;
— distinguished from eongtomerate. — Ag-gloOl'er-Atat
AK-glom'er-A'tea (-i'UM). a.
AK-glam'9t-tLtlmi, n. 1. A collecting in a mass ; a
heaping together. 2. A mass ; cluster.
Ak-gln^-IUUlt (-glu'tT-nont), a. [L. aggliUinan*,
-antu, p. pr. of agglutinare.} Uniting, as glue; caus-
ing adhesion.— a. Any viscous substance which causes
bodies orvarts to adhere.
Ag-ftn'tl-natt (-nit), v. t. [L. aggtntinntH*, p. p. of
agglutinare to cement to a thing; ad -\- glutinnre to
glue ; gluten glue.] To cause to adhere, as with glue ; to
unite by causing an adhesion of substances. — a. 1.
United; cemented together. 2. Consisting of root
words combined but not materially altered as to form or
meaning.
Ag-fflll'ti-iiation, n. 1. A uniting by a tenacious
substance; adhesion of parts. 2. Combination of root
words without change of form or loss of meaning.
Ac-glQ'ti-lia-tlTe (-ni-tlv), a. Pertaining to agglu-
tination ; tending to unite ; adhesive.
Ag'grail-diM (Sg'grSn-diz), v. t. [F. agrandir ; h
fSm, recent, 6rb, ryde, fyll, llm, food, f^Tot, out, oil, chair, co, sing, ii^k, then, thin.
AGGRANDIZER
16
AGRESTIC
(L. ad) -^ffrandir to increaM, L. prandire, tr. ffmndi*
great.] To wake sreat or greater; to Uicreaae; to
exalt - ATinui-^Btr (Kg'gtiu-dPzSr), n.
8yn. — To augment ; exalt ; promote : adrauce.
AC'^mifdlie-IMIIt (Ig-griu'dTs-mmt or ig'grio-dlx'-
m«iit)f n. An aggraudisiug, or being exalted m power,
honor, wealth, etc.
Syn. — Augmentation : exaltation; enlargement; ad-
Tancemeut ; promotion ; preferment.
Af gni-TAte (-gr4-vit), r. /. [L. aggravatu*^ p. p. of
aggravart. See Aoorisvb.] 1. To make worse, more
•evere, or more offensive. 2. To exaggerate. 3. To
exasperate ; to irritate. [C0//09.]
Syn. — To heighten ; intensify : increase ; magnify :
exaggerate ; provoke ; irritate ; exasperate.
Ag'gnt-TAtlon, n. 1. An aggravating, or making
worse ; an increasing in severity or lieinousuess. 2. Ex-
aggerated representation. 3. An extrinsic circunutance
wtiich hicreases ttte guilt of a crime or misery of a ca-
lamity. 4. ProvocaTion ; irritation. [ro/Zo^.]
Ag'gTt-ffate (-gri-gat), V. t. [L. aggregatu»^ p. p. of
aggregate to lead to a Hock ; ad + gregtirt to collect
into a flock, grfx flock, herd. See OaKOAUOi».] To
bring together ; to collect into a mass or sum.
Syn. — To heap up ; accumulate ; pile ; collect.
Aff^gn-gate (-gftt), a. 1. Formed into a whole mass
or sum ; collective. 2. Formed into clusters or into a
common organised mass. — n. 1. A mass, assemblage,
or sum of particulars. 2. A mau formed by union of
homogeneous particles ; — in distinction from a eoni'
pounds formed by union of heterogeneous particles.
Af'gn-Catloa (•gi'sban), n. An aggregating, or
being aggregated ; collection into a nuus or sum ; a
collection of particul.-urs ; an aggregate. [lective. I
As^gTt-ga-tt¥« (-gk-tTv), o. Taken U>gether; col-|
Ag-glwlloil (-griUh'&n), n. [L. aggre*sio^ fr. aggredi
to approach ; ad -f- gradi to step, gmdtu step.] The first
act of hoatility ; unprovoked attack ; assault.
Syn.— Attack; invasion: assault; encroachment; in-
Jury ; offense ; intrusion ; provocation.
Ag-flll^lif (•grfis'sTv), a. Tending or disposed to
•ffgreM ; unjustly attacking. — Ag-grtB'llTe-IltM, n.
if.gr«riOr(-««0, n. [L.] One who begins hos-
tility or a qunrrel ; an assailant.
Aff-grtore' (-griv'), v. t. [OF. agrever; a (L. ad)
-f grei'fT to burden, injure, L. ararare to. weigh down,
fr. grarit heavy. See OmrevB.] To give pain to; to
afflict ; to oppress or injure.
Ac-fnmp' (-gro^p'). »*. '. C- ogrouper; h (L. ad)
-f groftpe group.] To bring together in a group.
A-CMUrt' (i-gistO, ff' *_?>• P' [OK. aguKtfn to terrify,
fr. AS. pref. a- out + gS»tan to terrify.] Terrified;
■truck with amazement or liorror.
Af 'Ut («j^I). fl. [F. ; L. nailif, fr. f^d^r^ to move.]
Apt or ready to move. — A-gU'l-ty (A-jT11-ty), n.
Syn. -Active; alert; nimble; brisk; lively; quick.
Ag1-0 (Ijl-* or 5'jT-ft), n. [It. aggio exchange,
premium.] Premium on a better sort of money when
exchanged for an inferior sort; discount on foreiin»
billM of exrhanffe. [jobbing. I
Agl-O-ttCO (KiT-^-tlJ"). n. Exchange business : stock- 1
Agitate (-tSt), r. /. [L. agitaitu, p. p. of ngitarr to
pMtTn motion, fr. agere to move.] 1. To move with
violent. Irregular action. 2. To stir up ; to excite. 3. To
discuss earnestly. 4. To devise ; to plot.
Syn. — To move : shake : excite ; rouse ; disturb ; dis-
tract : revolve ; discuss ; debate ; canvass,
Agi-Utton, n. 1. An aglUting, or being agltnted ;
commotion. 2. DIrturbance; perturbation. 3. Exami-
nation ; earnest dlBcuwIon : debate*.
Syn. — Emotion ; commotion; «>xrlt4»ment ; trepida-
tion ; tremor ; perturbation. Ree Emotion.
Ari-tmtor (ijT-tl'tIr), n. [I^] 1. One who ex-
citet* others. 2. An implement for shakiug or mixing.
Ag^nall (ig'nil), n. [AS. angnml; ange vexaUon,
trouble -f futgrj naiL Cf. Hakomail.] Inflammation
under or around the nail ; a lianguail.
Ag%M.H (-ntt), a, [L. aguutug, p. p. of agnatci to
I be bom in addition to ; nd -{ nasci to be bom. J L Rc-
l.kted by the father's side ; sprung from the same male
> ancestor. 2. Allied ; akin. — n. A relative whoae re-
I lationship can be traced exclusively through malea.
I Ag-BA'tlOtt. n. Relntionship by tlie father's side.
Ag-nOStiO (nSytlk), a. [Or. A priv. -|- ymmttuc^
I knowing, ytyMMntftv to know.] Professing ignorance;
' involving no dogmatic asceriioii.— w. One who denies
that we have any knowledge, save of phenomena ; one
who supports agnosticism.
Ag-IMM^-Olsill (tT-sTx'm), n. That doctrine which,
profesaing ignorance, neither auerU nor denies. The
theological doctrine that the exiFtence of a personal
Deity, an unseen world, etc., can be neither proved nor
disnroved ; —opposed alike to dogmatic skepticism and
to dogmatic theism.
A-gC (i-gS'), a. & adr. [OE. ago, agon, p. p. of agon
to go away, pass by.] Past ; gone by ; since.
A-gOg' (-gSg'), a. & adr. [Cf. F. gogtte fun, perh. of
Celtic origin.] In eager desire; eager; astir.
A-gOlng (il-gCang), adv. [Pref. a- -f- p. pr. of go.]
In motion ; in the act of going.
Ag'O-nlM (ftg^-ulz), r. i. 1. To writhe with agony.
2. Tx) struggle desperately. — r. t. To torture.
Ag'O-nl'ldllg-ly (-iiFzTnf:-lj^), adv. With extreme an-
guish or desperate struggles.
Ag'O-ny (-n^), n. [L. agonia. Or. aywiaa,orig. a con-
test, fr. Aytir strife, fr. aytiv to lead.] Extreme pain.
Syn. - Aoomr ; Aworrtn ; Pako ; torment : Uiroe ;
distress; suffering. Aonif nnd antjuisk both denote
acute and permanent poiii, often produchig contortions,
but in af/onv the pain is more general. A ttrmg ia a par-
oxysm o< excruciating pain, severe and transient.
Axra'rl-AB (A-grii'rT-on), a. [L. agraritu, fr. ager
field.] 1. Pertaining to fields, lands, their tenure, or
equitable division. 2. Orowhig nild;— said of plants
in the fields, ^n. One who f.ivors equal diviaioa of
landed property. — A-gra'rl-UI-iam, R.
A-glW C-gT?'), r. i. [F. ogi-rer to receive kindly, fr.
h grf; h {L. ad) -^- gre good will, liking, fr. L. grtitn*
agreeable. See ORATcruL.] 1. To harmonize in opin-
ion or action ; to be in unison ; to be or become united
or consistent. 2. To yield aasent; to acctnle; — fol-
lowed by to. 3. To excliange proiuiites; to come to
terms. 4. To resemble ; to correspond. 5. To suit or
do well. 6. To correspond grammatically in gender,
number, case, or person.
Syn. —To assent; concur; consent; acqiUesce; ac-
cede ; engage ; promise : stipulate : contract ; bargUii ;
correspond ; harmonize ; fit : tally ; coincide ; comport.
Agrtra-bUl-tT (-&-btiq-ty ), n. Agreeableness.
A-gre«'a-Wt (-A-b'l), fl. [¥. agr^ahle.^ 1. Pleasing
to the mind or senses ; pleasant ; grateful. 2. Willing ;
ready to consent. [CoUoq.'\ 3. Agreeing or suitable;
adapted. 4. In pursuance or accordance ; — in this
sense used adverbially for agrerabig. — A-gXtCa-llla-
BMs, n. — A-grsa'a-Uy, adv.
Syn. — Pleiiting: pleasant: welcome ; charming ; ac-
ceptable ; amiable. Bee Plbabant.
A-gree^ent, n. 1. Bute of agreeing ; harmony ;
concord ; conformity. 2. Oraramatical concord or
corivsponilenoe of wonls in gender, number, care, or
person. 3. Concurrence in an engagement ; exchange
of promises ; mutual arrangement or stipulation.
Syn. — Bargain ; contract ; compact : stipulation.
A-graa'tlo (-trri^'tlk), a. [L. ngrrxtist, fr. ager field.]
Pertaining to fields or the country ; rural ; rustic.
a, 0, 1, o, u, long ; A, e, I, 6, tt, j^, short ; senAte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, ftnite, cAre, J4rm, Ask, |^1, txkoL
AGRICULTURE
17
ALARM
AfM-saltan (Sf^rT-kUafir ; 40), n. [L. agHcul-
tura; uger -^ cultura culthration.] Cultivi^ion of the
ground ; Ullage ; huibuidry ; famung. — Afll-onl'-
Ag*A<nytMX4aHt n. One engaged or akilled in agri-
calt«re ; a huabandman.
A'gnPUd' (i-groandO« odv. & a. [Pref. a- -|- ground.'}
Ou the ground ; atranded.
A'gam (i'gtt)* n, [OF. ; LL. (febris) aeutOy acute
ferer, fr. L. aevhu tha^.] 1. Intermittent ferer, with
alternate cold and hot flta. 8. The chill of intermittent
fever. — A'gll-lall, «.
All {^), wterj. An exclamation of nirpriae, pity,
complain^ contempt, delight, triumph, eta
A-lM' (A-hSO, inierj. An exclamation of triumph,
mixed with dertdon or irony, or rimple rarpriae.
A-lUl', n. A ha-ha, or sunk fence.
A-]Mai'(-h8d'),a<fr. [Pref . a- + Aea<f.] In or to the
front ; in advance ; onward.
A-aioy^C-hoiO, inttrj, [OK. a, haterj. -|- ho}f.'\ A aaOor's
term uaed in hailing ahips, etc.
A-lnOl' (-hOl'), adv. [Pref. a- + Ati//.] With laila
furled, and helm lashed alee ; — aald of thipa.
AlA (id), V. t. [T. aider, f r. L. adjuiartf freq. of ad-
Juvtire to help ; ad-\-juvare to help. Gf. AivnrrAirr.]
To sQpport ; to help.
Ayn.— To help; anist; support; surtain: succor;
relieve ; bef riendf; cooperate ; promote. See Help.
*n. 1. Help; relief. 2. A helper; an aaaiatant. 3.
An aid-de-caiup.
(id'de-kSiiOt w/ P'- AiDa-DB-CAiip
(ids'-). [F. aiae de camp (literally) camp aaidstaut.]
An <nScer who carries a sen coral's orders, or assists him
in correspondence and in directing movements.
AFgrvt (i'RrSt), in. [P.] 1. Tlie small white
Al-glVtte' (t-grCf), ) European lieron. 2. A plume
of feathers, gems, etc. 3. A feathery crown of seed, as
the down of dandelions or thistles.
AIl(il),v. /. [AS. tf^/an to trouble, pain.] To affect
with pain or uneasiness ; to trouble ; to be the matter
with. — r. i. To be ill. Indisposed, or in trouble. — n.
Indispodtion or morbid affection.
A^lJlli't1M (t-lXn^Bs). Al-lan'tlms (thfis), n. lAy-
lanlo tree of heaven, Molucca name.] A genus of trees,
natives of the East Indies.
Afl'BMat (al'ment), n. Indisposition ; morbid affec-
tion of the body.
AtB (am), V. i.& t. [L. aestimare to estimate ; or
perh. Or. netmer ; a (L. atl) + esmer. See Bstimatk.]
To point or direct (a weapon, effort, intention, remark,
etc.). — !». L Tlie pointing of a weapon toward the ob-
ject to be struck ; direction of a weapon, blow, discourse,
remark, etc, towards a particular object. 2. Intention ;
design ; scheme.
8yn. — End ; object ; scope ; drift ; design ; purpose ;
intention ; scheme ; tendency ; aspiration.
Alfli'IeM, a. Without aim or purpose.
Ain't (Slit). A colloquial or illiterate contraction for
are not and am not, also used for U not.
Air (tr), n. [OE. A F. air, L. aH; fr. Or. w^p air,
mist, prob. akin to E. wind.] L The fluid which we
breathe ; the atmosphere. 2. State of the atmoeptiere,
as respects iieat, cold, moisture, etc. 3. Air in motion ;
wind. 4. A musical idea rhythmically developed; a
■eiody ; a tune. 5> Manner and aiH>eanuioe of a per-
son; demeanor; semblance; style. 6- pf. Artificial or
affected manner ; show of pride ; liaughtiness.
JB^ Air is much used adicctlvely or as thp first part
ofa etmiixrand term. In mo^ rn^em it might be written
ettlier as a seimate limittng word, or as part of a com-
pound term, with or without the hyphen.
Air ballL (a) An appantns for applying air to the
l)ody. <b) An arrangement for drying substances in air
a Mr Chamber of a
Pomp.
of any desired temperature. — Air bsA, a aack inflated
with air, and used as a bed. — Air UaMsr, a sac full of air
in an animal or plant; an air hole in a carting. — Air
braks, a raOroad brake operated by condensed air. —Air
can. a cen containing air. — Air chaaher, a caivity filled
with air, in an animal or plant, also
for equalising tlte flow of a liquid
in a pump or other hydraulic ma-
chine. — Air oesk, a faucet to allow
escape of air.— Air drill, a drill
driven by elastic pressure of con-
densed air; a pneumatic drill.—
Air sBftaM, an engine drtren by
heated or by compressed air. — Air
gVB, a gun in which the elastic
force of condensed air is used to
discharge the ball. — Air bole, (a)
A hole to admit or discharge air ; a
7ot in the ice not frosen over. (6)
fault in a casting, produced by a
bubble of air : a blowhole. — Air
Una, a straight line ; bee line. —Air pips, a pipe for draw-
ing off foul air. — Air plant, a plant neurisaed by the air
only : an aerophjrte. — Air b«ih>« a machine for exhaust-
ing air from a closed vesseL — Air sao, an air cell in a bird.
— Air shaft, a passage supplying fresh air to a mine or
tunnel. — Air spring, a sprinff operated by the elasticity
of air. —Air stovs, a stove for neatlng a enrreat of aar
driven agafaist it and diatributed throv«h a building. —
Air tru>, a contrivance for abutting off fool air or gaa
from drains, sewers, etc ; a stench trap. — Air trtak, a
dwf t for conducting foul air from a room. — Air vssssL a
vessel or cell (m birds, plants, pumps, etc.) containing
air. — Air way, a passage for a current of air.
Air (ftr), r. t. 1. To expose to the air ; to ventilate.
2. To expose or display osteutatioualy.
Alrl-ly (ftrOr-lj^i adv. In an airy manner ; lightly.
Alr't-IMSB, A. 1. Openness or exposure to the air.
2. Lightness of spirits ; gayety ; levity.
Alrillf,!!. L A walk or a ride in the open air. 2. An
exposure to air, or to a fire, for warming, drying, etc.
Air'iMS, a. Not open to fresh air.
Alr'-tlfBt^ (-tit/ ), a. So tight as to exclude air.
Alr'y i-f), a. 1. Consisthig of air. 2. Relating to air ;
high in air ; aerial. 3. Open to a free current of air ;
breesy. 4. Resemblinff air; thin; nnaubetantial. 6.
Without reality or solid foundation ; empty ; visionary.
6. light of hctart ; vivacious ; flippant. ?• Having an
affected manner ; affectedly grand.
Alsto (il), n. [F. aiU wing, L. ala, contr. fr. axilla.}
(a) A lateral division of a bcdlding, separated from tlte
middle part (nave), hy a row of colnmns. (b) [Perh.
confused with alley.) Passageway to the pews of « churcli.
[ (Ud), a. Furnished with an male or aisles.
A-|ar' (i-iarO, adv. [OB. on char ajar, on the turn ;
AS. cerr, cyrr, turn.] Slightly turned or op«ied.
A-lar', adv. [Pref. a- ^jarj In a state of discord.
A-klmlM) (4-kTma>6), a. [Etym. unknown.] With
a bend ; with hand on the hip and elbow turned outward.
A-Ua' (-kin'), a. [Pref. a- {tot of) + kin.} L Of
the same kin ; related by blood. 2. Of the same kind.
Al'ft-teS'tar (il'i-bSVtSr), n. [L., fr. Alabastron a
town in Egypt, near which it was common.] A com-
pact sulphate or carbonate of lime.
A-lack' (i-UkO, A-lMTA-dAy' i-MS/), inieri. An
exclamation of sorrow.
A-lACllrty (-rT-tj^), n. [L. olaerUat, fr. alaeer eager.}
Cheerful readiness or promptitude ; briskness.
Al'a-moOe' (U'i-mSd' ; F. k/\k-mtii>), adv. A a. [F.
h la mode after tlte fashion.] According to the faidiion
or mode. — n. A thin black silk for scarfs, etc.
A-UurB' (A-larmO, n. [It all' arme to arma ! fr. L.
arma, pi., arms.] 1. A summons to arms. 2. A wam^
ing of danger. 3. Surprise with terror. 4. A mechanical
contrivance to rouse persona from sleep ; an alaram.
Alarm bsU, a bell giving notice of danger. — Alarm dock
or watek, a clock or watch which can be so set as to ring
loudly at a prearranged hour. — Alarai gaage, an attadi'
fira, rsc«nt, 4Vrb» ryde, f ^ tan, food, fo^oC, o«t, oil, clialr, go, sins, i|^ then, U&ia.
ALARM 18
ment to a steam boiler to show an orerpreasore of ateam
or deficiency of water in the boiler.
Sfii. — Alasji: Fei«iit; Tbrbob; CoNtnaMATioir ;
affright ; trepidation ; appreheuaiou ; dismay ; a^tatiou ;
diaauiet ; diaquietude. — Frig/it is fear suddenly excited,
producing ctmfunion of the senses. Alarm la hurried
agitation from a sense of immediate exposure. Terror is
agiti^g and excesaire fear, which usuiaUy benumtM the
faculties. ConMemation Is OTerwhelming fear, with
powerleasneas and amazement See Apfrehsm siow.
A-lamf (S-lKm/), V. t. 1. To call to arms for defense ;
to notify of approaching danger ; to put on the alert.
a. To disturb. 3. To fill with anxiety ; to excite with
Budden fear.
A-Iann1st (-Tst), n. One prone to excite alarma,
eapecially needless alarms.
A-Uur'iaB (-liir'am), n. [OK alarom^ same as alarm,']
1. Alarm. 2. An alarm signal or mechanism to sound an
alarm (as in an alarm clock).
A-lM' iM^\ interi. [OE. A OF. ; L. oA + Iomum
weary.] An exclamation M sorrow, pity, or dread.
Alb (ilb), n. [LL. adba, fr. L. alhut white.] An
ecclesiastical vestment of white linen, reaching to the
ALGOID
feet, and euTeloirfng the person.
lA14Ml'ti
\*Vk (U-bi'U), n. [L. albaiu*, p. p. of albare to
I wldte, fr. aibus.] A white metallic alloy, made
into Hxxms, forks, teapots, etc. ; German siWer.
AinM-trau (-b4-tros), n. [Corrup. fr. Pg. alcatra*
cormorant, albatroaa, or Sp. Meatras pelican.] A very
larm web*footed sea bird, of the southern hemisphere.
Al'lMlt (al'bSnrt), conj. Even though; although;
notwithstanding.
Al-bM^oent (U-bfia'sCTit), a. [L. albeMffU, p. pr. of al-
beseere to grow white, fr. atbus white.] Becoming whit-
ish ; moderately white. — Al-bf^oence> n. [family. I
Allll-OQre (-bT-kSr), n. A Urge fish of the Mackerel!
Al-U'&O (-bi'nft), n. [Sp. or Pg. ; orig., whitish, fr.
albo white, L. albu*."] A person having usuificient col-
oring sub^ance in skin, liair, and eyes. An albino luw
skin and hair of a milkv hue, and eyes with red pupil and
pink or blue iris. Said also of animals and planta.
AinM-on (SI'bT-&n), n. An ancient name of England.
A11Ml-gtll'e-0IW(-btt-jTn'$-as),a. Of the nature of the
white of the eye, or of an egg ; albuminous.
Al'bnm (-bttm), n. [L., neut of albu4 white.] A
blank book for pliotographs, autographs, sketches, etc.
Al-ba'mMl (-bu'raSn), n. [L., fr. albus.] 1. The
white of an egg. 8. Nourishing matter stored in the
aeed in many plants.
Al-bUlnla (-mTn), n. A thick, viscous nitrogenous
substance, the chief constituent of white of eggs and of
the serum of blood, found also in other animal substances
and in raanv plants.
Al-bulnl-lllB (-mT-nTn), n. The substance of the
cells which inclose the white of birds' eggs.
Al-bUlni-noilS (-nOs). ) a. Pertaining to, or con-
Al-bU'ml-nOM' (-uSiO* i taining, albumen, or re-
sembling albumen or albumin.
Al-lNir'nillll (-bfir'unm), n. The white and softer
part of wood, next the Inner bark ; sapwood.
Al'OA-bMt (n'ki-bSst), n. Alkahest.
IIAl-€akP, Al-Myde" (Sl-kid'; Sp. Sl-ka-S'dt), n.
[Sp. alcaide^ fr. Ar. al-gdUt governor, fr. qdda to gov-
ern.] 1. Conmiander of a castle or fortress among
Spaniards, Portuguese, and Moors. 2. Warden of a jalL
II Al-oal'de (al-kU'dt), n. [Sp., fr. Ar. al^adl Judge,
fr. qada to decide, judge. Hence, the eadi of the Turks.]
A magistrate or judge in Spain, Spanish Araerics, etc.
Al-OhemlC (U-k«mTk), Al-Chon'lc-al, a. Relating
to alchemy. [cheray. |
Al'ollt-llllSt (XlOit-mTst). n. One who practices al-|
Al'Oht-my J-m^), n. [OF. alkemie, Ar. allAmia, fr.
late Or. x^Mtut infusion, x^f*-^ juice, liquid, fr. x<'*^*'
to pour.] Occult chemistn- ; pretended art of transmut-
ing base metals into gold, finding the panacea, or univer-
(n'kl-
sal remedy for diseases, etc. — Al^
mTs'tlk), Al'olM-mla'tkHa, a.
Al'oo-bol (U'kft-hOl), n. [Sp., alcohol, antimony,
galena, fr. Ar. al-kohl powder of antimony or galena, to
paint the eyebrows with ; — later, rectified spirits.] Pure
or highly rectified spirit ; the intoxksating element of
fermented or diiftilled liquors, extracted frmn fermented
vegetable juices. — Al'M-hfAlc, a.
Al'00-nui(ll'k«.rin or ii/kft-rKnO,*. [F. ; fr. Ar. a/-
ooran^ orig. the reading, the book, fr. qaraa to read.
Cf. KoEAM.I The Mohammedan Scriptures ; the Koran
(usual form). [Spelt also Alkoeah.]
Al'COV* (ll'kSv or B-kSV), n. (f. ; Sp. aleoba, fr.
Ar. al-quobbah arch, tent.] 1. A recesaed portion of a
room ; recess in a library. 2. A garden bower.
Al'dA-hyte (-d^hid), n. [Al^r. fr. otoohol dehyd-
rogenatum, alcohol deprived of iU hydrogen.] A
oobrlesa and very volatile liquid obtained from alcohol
by oxidation. — Al'da-hy'dlo (-hi'dTk), a.
Al'dMT (ftl'dSr), n. [OE. aldir, oiler, akin to L. oMm,
uid E. elm.'] A tree, usually growing in moist land,
whose wood Is used by turners, etc., and the bark by
dyers and tanners.
Al'dMr-man (-man), ». [AS. aldormon^ ealdorman ;
ealdor an elder -f man.] A municipal officer having a
l^:islatlve function, and sometimes exercising magisterial
and administrative functions. — Al'der-nuil-OJ \-^)t n,
— Al'der-manlo (-minTk), a.
Ale (S), n. [AS. ealu.] L A liquor made from an
infusion of malt by fermentation and addition of hopa.
2. A festival in English country places.
A-lM' (A-IS'), adv. [Pref. a- -f lee.] On the lee, or
side away from the wind ; — oppoiaite of aweather.
AWhauai^' (ilHious'), n. Phice where ale is retaOed.
, A-lemntfo (4-l«m'bTk), n. [F. ; Ar. al-ntUAq, fr. Or.
a^/3i^ cup, cap of a still.] An old ap-
paratus for distillation, now replac^
py the retort and worm still.
A-leiT (-I8rf ), a. [F. alerie, ear-
Uer h Verte on the watch, fr. It. aW
erta on the watch, prop, (standing) on
a height ; erta a declivitv, steep. See
EucT.] Watchful; Tigflant; nimble.
— A-lertly, adv. — A-ieifBmw, ».
Sjn. —Active ; agile ; lively ; quick ;
prompt.
Ale'wtfe'(Sl'wifO,n. A woman who
keeps an alehouse.
AM'Wlfe^, n. [Prop, aloof y Indhm
name of a fish.] A North American
fish of the Herruig family.
Al'ez-An'drint (Si'Sgz-SnMrTn), a.
Alexandria. — n. A kind of verse consisting in
of twelve syllables.
A-lez'l-^llfirllliC (A-l«k8/T-fllr'mTk), a. [Or. AA.^t^ilp-
fioicoc keeping off poison ; aXi^tw to keep off -\- ^p^ocor
poison.] Expelling or counteracting poison. — n. An
antidote against p(^n or infection.
A-lSS'l-ter^ (-tSr^k), a. [Or. aAc^iir^piov fit to keep
off or help, fr. iXi^tw.] Resisting poison; alexipharmic
^n. A preservative agMust contagious and infectioua
diseases, and the effects of poison. ~ A-lM^-ttf'kHdf a.
Al-falfa (U-fKI'f4), n. [Sp.] A kind of lucem, grow,
ing in California, Texas, etc.
II Al'ca (Xl'gA), n. ; pi. Kutm <«'j5). [L., seaweed.]
A kind of seaweed ; pi. the class of cellular cryptogamle
plants including kelp, dulse, sea lettuce, conferva, etc
Al'ge-toa (-j^brA), n. [LL. ; fr. Ar. al-jebr reduction
of parts to a whole, f r. jabara to bind together.] Mathe-
matical calculation by letters and sjrmbols. — Al'g»-
toalo (U'jibraik), Al'ge-bralo^a, a. — Al'g»-bn'-
lo-al-ly, adv.
Al'ge-bn'tet (-brS'THt), n. One versed in algebra.
Al'fOlA (-gold), a. Lilte an alga, or seaweed.
Alembie.
a Hesd i h Cucur-
bit ; c Receiver ;
(/ Lsmp.
Beloi
S, S, I, S, a, long ; A, fi, 1, 5, A, $-, short ; sanAte, dvent, tdea, 6bey, tinite, cftre, lirm, ask, |^ flnoL
ALGORITHM
19
ALLEVIATE
Al'S»-lltlBl(iKg^rTtli'm),fu IV. alfforithme.} Art
of computanff iu any puticuUr way.
AFgOU v-ff^)* ^ [^ aiffotuSf fr. alga leaweed.]
Pertaming to tb« alg», or Maweoda.
Ali^m (air-C«), adv. [L., fr. alius other. See Elo.]
Otberwiae; otherwise called. —II. 1. ▲ writ inMied alter
a first has expired. 9. An aaaomed name.
AFI-fei (IKT-bi), ft. PL., elsewhere, at another place.]
An accused per8on*s plea that he was in another place
when the alleged act was committed.
A11tn(il'yen),a. {h. alientu, fr. alius.} L Not be-
longing to the same comitry ; foreign. 2. Different in
nature; inconsistent {with); incongruous.— ti. A for-
; stranger. [Al'ton-A-lllll-ty, n
Al'ktL-Urtf (U'kArlT.II), V. t. A i. To change faito ao
p»2Sj2
Allan-a-llle (-4-b*l), a. Capable of being alienated. —
AlliO-Ate (-it), a. [L. alienare^ -otem, fr. alienus.\
Estranged ; foreign. ^ f. /. 1. To transfer to another
2. To withdraw (the affections) ; to estrange.
Al'I«»4ltloa (-Tshttn), n. 1 An aUenating, or being
alienated. 2. Legal conveyance of property. 3. Es-
trangement. 4. Mental derangement.
Syn. —Insanity ; lunacy ; madness ; derangement.
AllMHt'tnr (-t^r), n. One who alienates.
itriMtIt* i'jea-V), n. One to whom the tiUe of
■ty is transferred ; — opposed to alienor.
MMm (-Ts*m), n. 1. The legal condition of an
alien. 2. The treatment of mental diseases.
A11mk4altt n. One who treats mental diseases.
AllMI-ar' (-^^f *• ^® ^^ transfers property.
All-form (Ul-fdrm), a. [L. ola wing + -form.']
Wing-shaped; winglike.
A^lj^hf (i'UtO, V. <. [AS. iRhian ; pref . i- + llhian
to aligfit.] 1. To get down or descend ; to dismount. 2.
To descend and settle, rest, or stop.
A-Uckt', a. [Pref. a- -f- light.1 Lighted : In a flame.
A-Ubm' (-UnO, v. t. A i. [F. aligner; h (L. ad) +
ligne (L. linea) line.] To adjust or form in line ; to
faU faito line. — A-UgB'toMIt, n.
A-Ukt^ (-nkO, a. [AS. on/Ir, getU:: pref. d- + like.}
H iTing resemblance ; similar. — adv. In the same man-
ner, form, or degree ; in common ; equally.
All-BMIIt (iKi-ment), n. [L. alimentum^ It. alert to
nourish.] That which nourishes ; food ; sustenance.
AH-aWtll (-mSnOol), Al'l-B0ntA-ry (-ti-rj^), a.
Pertaining to aliment ; nutritious.
iWsuntsry eaaal, the entire channel, from the mouth
to the anus, through which food passes
AM— n-ta^tton (-mSn-tl'shfin), n. Nutriment.
AFt-BUn^f-mi , n. Appetite for food.
A11-B0-ny (ilT-mft-nj^), n. [L. alinumia.} 1. Main-
tenance. 2. An allowance legally made to a wife out of
her huri>and*B income, upon her separation from him.
All-ptd (-pSd), a. [L. alipes ; ala wing -f pes^ pedis,
foot.] Wing-footed. — n. An animal whose toes are
connected by a membrane used as a wing, as the bat.
All-QiBaBt (-kwont), a. [L. aliqwmtus some, mod-
erate ; alius otlier + qwtnius how great] Not diTiding
another number or quantitywithout leaving a remainder.
All-VMt (-kwSt), a. [L. aliauot several; alius +
quoi how many.l Dividing exactly, without remainder.
A-Uvw'Cirk' .
life; Uvlng. 2.
Sprightly; brisk.
AIIiTa-xIb (•lTs'4^rTn), n.' [f. aliznHne.]
[AS. on n/e in life.] 1. Having
In opera^n; unextinguished. 3.
4. Easily impressed ; sensitive.
, n), n. Mr. aliznrine.] A coloring
principle, which produces the Turkish reds.
Am4Mt(nnci-hBst),n. [U^ alchahest.} A'*uni-
▼ersal solvent.
Al'kft-lM'OMIt (Il'k4^iee'sCTit), a. Tending to the
propertiea of an alkali- — Al'kA-lM'OMIOt, n.
Arka-U (-li or -IT), n.; pi. Alkalis or Alkalibs
ins or -ITsl [F. aleali, fr. Ar. alqatl ashes of saltwort.]
. Soda ash ; potash, etc. 2. A caustic base which neu-
tralixea adds, turns reddened litmus blue, etc.
Al'ka-Ullt (-Un or -ITu), a. Pertafaiing to, or having
>roperties of, an alkali. — Al'kA-lllll-ty (-ITunT-t^), n.
Al'ka-UM (-lis), r. /. Torender alkaline. — Alltt-11-
Bl'tlOII,!!.
Al'Kft-lold (-loid), n. An organic base occurring in
pliukts and ^n^iffiM*, and resembling the alkali*, — A^lOl-
kid, Al'kA-loid'al, a.
Allm-nui (Uncft-rin ; Ar. Il'kft-riU/), n. Alcoran.
All (»1), a. [AS. eo/, pL ealle.] The whole quantity
or quautv of; the whole of; every. ^ adv. wholly;
completely ; entirely ; ouite. — n. llie whole ; the total ;
the aggregate ; everything.
AU the saas, nevertheless. - AU tsld, all eounted; in
alL — At all, in any way or respect ; in the least degree ;
under any circumstances.
U AllAk (UOi), n. [At., eontr. fr. a/ the + OoA Ood.]
The Mohammedan name of the Supreme Beiiag.
PAl-laBtO-lsCil-Un't^-Ts), )n. A membranous ap-
Al-laa'tOid (n-Un'toid), i pendageoftbeembryoe
of mammals, birds, and reptiles. — AlOABrtiOlo (il'ttn-
tsnrk), Al-lABtoM (-Un'told), AlOan-toid'al, a.
Al-lay^ (U-liO* r.t.&i. [AS. aUcgan ; 5- + Uegan
toUy.] Tomakequiet;toappease; to quell; to abate;
to mitigate; to subside. — Al-Uy^or, n.
8jn. — To alleviate; check; repress; aaBaage;8ub>
due ; destroy ; compoee ; soothe ; ddm. See Aixsviats.
. allegation fr. al-
AH^^artlon (naMK'sh&n), ii.rL.ai,
legare, -gaium, to sena a message ; ad -{- legare to i
Cf. Alliob.1 1. Positive assertion. 2. Averment ; legal
statement of what is to be proved.
Al-Itce' (U-USJOi <*• f' [OK aleggen to adduce as evi-
dence ; L. eac 4- litigare to quarrel.] 1. To bring for-
ward with positiveness ; to afBrm ; to assert. 2. To
urge as a reason, plea, or excuse. — Al'legV'A-blt, a.
Srn. — To bring forward ; adduce ; advance ; assign ;
produce ; declare ; affirm ; assert ; aver ; predicate.
Al-Ie'glaiioe (-18;;ianB or -jT-ons), n. [OK aUge-
ounce ; pref. o- 4- OF. lige^ liege.} The obligation owed
by a subject to his sovereign or government ; lojralty.
Syn. — Allwiancs : Lotaltt ; fealty. — AUegianee is
an obligation to a ruling power. Loyalty is a sentiment
towards such power, and is penKmal, so that we speak of
the loyalty of a wife to her husband, not of her allegianee.
All«-gor^ (Xkl^-gSr^k), \ a. Belonging to, or oon-
AllMPOr'lO^ (-gor^'kal). ) sisting <^, allegory;
figurative. — Alle-corto-Al-lT, adv.
All^-CO-llst (-RS-rTst). n. One who allegoriaes.
Alle-forl-n'tflUl (-fforOT-zi'shfin), ». A turning into
allegory ; an understanding allegorically.
ATl^-gO-llM (Ult-g^-ris), V. t. L To form or turn
into all^^ory. 2. To treat as allegoricaL
AyU-Eoij i-ftt-rf), n. [Or. a^kiiyo^a description
of one thing under the image of another ; aAAor other
-f- ayopevtuf to speak in the assembly.] A figurative
discourse, in which tlie principal subject is described by
anotlier subject resembling it in its circumstances.
Syn. — Aluboobt ; Pakablb; metaphor: fable.— < An
allegory differs both from fable and parable^ in that the
properUes of persons are represented as transferred to
things. In the parable there is no transference of prop-
erties.
llAlle-gnrtO (il'l^-nSt'ti; It. UOt-grtfti), a.
[It., dim. of allegro.} Quicker than andante, but not so
quick as a//ejrro. —n. MusioU movement in this time.
II Al-le'jno (O-iygrft ; //. JU-U'grft), a. [It., gay, fr.
L. alaeer Uvely.] Brisk, lively. — n. An allegro move-
ment in music ; a quick, sprightly strain or piece.
Alle-Inla I (U'I$-lu'y&), n. [L. alleluia, fr. Heb.
Allt-ln'lak t hnlteia-y&h.} Hallelujah.
Al-le^-«te (lyvl-it), r. /. [LL. aUeviare, fr. L.
ad -}- levis light. See Lbvtty.] 1. To lighten or lessen
(troubles) ; to mitigate, or make easier to be endured. —
fim, reo0nt, 6rh, nide, f ^^ Am, food, fdbt, out, oil, ebair, go, sine, 'qI^ then, tiftln.
ALLEVIATION
20
ALGETIC
A14oM-A-thr« (IQ-iVvMtTv), A14«^rU-to-nr, o.-
Al-l«^n^-tfir, n.
Syn. — To Allsviatb ; Mitioatb ; Assvaob : Allay. —
Theae words all iudicafce relief from some paiiif ul state.
Alleviats sappoaea a load which la llgbteued or takeu off ;
mitigate^ aomethiiig fierce which ia made mild ; iutuuye^
•omethinc rioleat which ia quieted ; aUay^ somethiug
preriouaiy exoited, but uow brought down.
Al-lt^-a'tiOll, n. 1. An alleviating ; mitigation ; re-
lief. 2. That which mitigatea, or makes more tolerable.
Alley (Ulj^), n. ; pi, Allbts (4Is). [F. aU6e a go-
ing, paaaage, fr. allerXo go.] A narrow paaaage.
Aia«r:WAr(:wlO,n. AnaUey.
AU' Fools' Day (nl' f551x dIO. The first day of
April, on which aportive impoaitions are practiced.
All' fours' (f»l^ fSnO. [ii// + /our (cards).] A game
at carda, called ** High, Low, Jack, and the Oame.**
All' Mats' [formerly, All' four']. AU four lege of a
quadruped ; or the two legs and two arms of a person.
All' hllU' (ftl' hll'). [i4tt -h A<if/, interj.] AU health;
— a phraae of aalutation or welcome.
AUIUdaow OVr (Kl'hilld 9vO. The evening before
Allhallowaor All Bainto* Day. November lat.
AlllUdlow-IIUUI (-mAs), n. The feaat of AU Saints.
All'bSiaow-tiao' (-tIdO, n. [AS. ad time.] The
time at or near All Saints, or November lat.
Al-U'saoo (U-U'ons), n. [F. ; fr. a//i>r to ally.] 1. A
being aUied ; union of interests. 2. The persons allied.
Syn*— Connection; affinity t c<mfederacy; league.
Al-Ued' (-Ud'), a. United ; joined ; akin ; related.
AlOI-BSte (kinT-git), V. t. [L. alliaatus, p. p. of
aUigare. Bee Ally.] To tie ; to unite by some tie.
AlllrgStktfl, n. Arithmetical solution of questions
conoeming ingredients of different quaUties or values.
AlOi-ffS'tor (niT-gi'tSr), n. [Sp. a lagarto the Usard,
L. lacertm Usard.] A krge carnivorous reptUe of the
OrooodUe family, peculiar to America.
Al-U'Skm (n-lTsh'lln), ft. [L. allisio, fr. ad + laedere
to doah against.] A dashing against.
Al-ltt'or-Atlon (-ITfSr-^shnn), n. [L. <uf + lUfra
letter.] RepetiUon of the same letter. — Al-ltt'or-A-
ttVS C-irtTv), a.
Aia»«atO (Hlft-kit), V. t. [L. ad + locate to phice.]
Tb distribute or assign ; toaUot.
AllO-Oatton (-kl'shOn), n. 1. A putting one thing
to another ; arrangement. 2. An apportionment.
It Allo-oatinr (-tfir), n. [LL., it U allowed, fr. aUo-
care to aUow.l *^ Allowed,** — a legal term expressing
the judicial allowance of a writ, order, etc.
AllO-OS'tkn (-ku'shttn), n. [L. allocntio, fr. ad -f
loqui to mpeak. ] An address, eap. of a pope to his clergy.
Al-IO'fll-llm (-IS'dT-am), n. [LL. ; cf. OHG. al all,
and M possession.] Freehold estate ; land held in abso-
lute independence ; — opposed to feud. — Al-lO'dl-sl, a.
AlOo-pStll (nn«-pSth), Al-lop'A-tlllst (ll-lSp^A-thtst),
n. One who practices or professes aUopathy. — Al'lo-
psthlo (U'l^plthTk), a.
Al-loP'S-tliy (XM5p'4^thJ^), n. [Or. oAAor other +
no$9i¥ to suffer.] Use of medicines to produce effects
different from those produced by disease ; -- opposed to
homeopathy.
Al-fof (-15tO, V. t. [OF. nloter; a (L. ad) -f lot lot.]
To distribute by lot ; to parcel out ; to grant.
Al-lotlueilt, n. 1. An allottlug ; assignment. 2. A
part, or portion granted or distributed.
Al-loW (-louQ, V. I. [F. allwier, fr. LL. allocare to
admit as proved. J 1. To grant or yield ; to let one have.
2. To own or acknowledge ; to concede. 3. To abate or
deduct. 4. To license; to consent to. ^ v. i. To admit;
to make aUowance or abatement
8jm. — To allot : assign : bestow ; concede ;
permit : suffer ; tolerate. See Pbbmit.
admit;
Al-Tow'a-blt (-A-bM), a. Proper to be aUowed ; not
forbidden or improper. — Al-lOW'a-My, adv.
Al-loWSBOO (Xl-lou'ans), ». 1. An aUowing ; sanction.
2. A portion allotted; stated quantity, as 6t lood or
drink. 3. Deduction for mitigatii^ circumstance. ■«
t'. /. To put upon aUowance.
Al-loy' (loi'), n. [F. aloi. fr. ofoyer to aUoy, aUier
to aUy, fr. L. alligare to bind to.] L A compound of
metals fused together. 2. A baser metal mixed with a
fhier. 3. Admixture of anything which lewens the
value. ^ t?. /. & i. To debase by mixing ; to form an aUoy.
Al-loy'agO (U-loitj), n. An aUoying metals; also, the
combinatitm or alloy.
All' SsllttS' (al' sints"). \ The first day of November,
AU' Saints' Day'. I caUed, also. AIUmUovm or
HaUowmas' a feaet day in honor of aU the saints.
All' Souls' Day' (e51z). A Roman Catholic feast
(November 2d), when suppUcations are made for the
souls of the faithful dead.
All'sploo' (-spis'), n. The berry of the pimento ; Ja^
maica pepper.
Al-lnde' (O-lud'), r. i. [L. alhidere; ad + ludeie to
play.] To refer to somethiug indirectly.
Syn. — To refer ; hint ; suggest ; insinuate. See Rkfcb.
Al-lsro' (-inr'), V. t. [OF. aieurrer, fr. c (L. orf) -f-
leurre lure.] To attempt to draw ; to tempt by a lure
or offer of some good, real or apparent. — Al-lw'or, n.
Syn. — To Alldks ; Entics ; Dbcoy ; Saoucs : attract ;
tempt. — We are allured by the proepect (usuaUy decep-
tive) of some future good. We are enticed into evU by
appeals to our passions. We are decoyed into danger by
false appearances or representations. Wc are seducm
when drawn aside from the path of rectitude.
Al-lue'Diailt, n. That which allures ; temptation.
Al-llfsloia (U-lu'zhOn), n. [ See Alludk.] Indirect
reference ; a hint.
Al-ln'slTt (-sTv), a. Containing an allusion.
Al-ln'Tl-al (-vT-al), a. Pertaining to, contained in,
or composed of, alluvium.
Al-lnM-on (-&o). n. [F. ; L. alluHo, it. ad -{- hiere^
lavare, to wash.] 1. Wash of water against the shore.
2. An overflowing ; flood. 3. Matter (Uposited by flow-
ing water ; alluvium.
Al-ln'Tl-lllll (-fim), n. Deposits of earth, sand, etc.,
washed upon land not permanently submerged.
to bind.J
marriage, etc. — n. One united to another by any tie ;
Ally'
ad -f- ligare
>, V. t. [F. allier, f r. L. alligare to bind to ;
to bhid.] To unite by treaty, friendship,
s uni' ' '
a confeden^ ; an auxiliary.
IIAI'SUI Ha'ter (U'm& mfi'tSr). [L., fostering
mother.] A coUege or seminary where one is educated.
Al'ma-nao (ftl'mi-nSk), n. [LL. ; It. almanaccOt of
uncertain origin.] A calendar of days, weeks, and
months, to which astronomical data are often added.
Al-ndslU'y (-mlt'^), a. [AS. ealmihtig ; eal nil +
mihtig nughty.] Unlimited in might; omnipotent.
The Atanlghty, the omnipotent Ood.
Alm'ond (S'mfind), n. [OE. almandc, L. amrgdala,
Or. ofivyfioAif.] 1. Fruit of the almond tree ; alto, the
tree itself, native of the Mediterranean region and west-
ern Asia. 2. Anything shaped like an almond ; a toneiL
Al'mon-or (iU'mfin-Sr), n. [See Alms.] One who
distributes alms for another.
Al'mOB-ry (-r]H, n. Place wliere alms are distributed.
Allnost (ftl'mSst), adv. [AS. ealm«st almost aU.]
Nearly ; weU nigh ; all but ; for the greatest part.
Alms (am8)j ft. ting. & pi. [OE. almes^ fr. L. elee-
mosyna^ Or. cAeij/moavKif charity, fr. iXttiv to pity.]
Anvthing given to relieve the poor ; a gift of charity.
Alms'Pmise' (Smz'housOj n. A poorhouse.
Al'OO (Sl'«), n. [ Or. aA6i}.] 1. A genus of succu-
lent evergreen plants of warm countries. 2. {pi. -Sz)
The juice of sIa^, ukM as a purgative.
Al'0-6tl0 (Xl'd-^tTk), a. Of the nature of aloes.—
n. A medicine containing chiefly aloes.
S, 5, 1, o, n, long ; ft, C, I, 5, ft, 5-, short ; senftte, «vent, idea, dN»y, ftnlto, cAre, Rrm, &ak, |sll, flnaL
ALOFT
21
AMALGAMATE
A-lfllt'(Arl9ft0t ndv. [Pref. a-+ /o/r.] 1. On high ;
in the air. 2- (Among sailon) in the top, or on tlie
higher rigging ; overhend.
A-lOB*' (-ISnO, a. [A[f -{-one.'i Quite by one*s leU ;
single ; only. ■* adv, &olely ; simply ; exclusively.
A-lcinC' (-ISng'), adr. [AS. antUang, along; pref.
amd- -j-Hrng long. J 1. By the length ; lengthwise. 2.
In • line ; ouwsrd ; forward. 3. In company ; together.
—mprejK Bv the length of, as distinguished f r. across.
ArlOBC'lHto^ (-<ud^), adv. Along or by the side ; side
by aide with.
A4oor (ISdfO. adv. [Pref. a- + loo/, fr. D. lotj InfT,
hence, as a nautical word, to the windward.] At or
from a small distance ; apart, mm, prep. Awav from.
A-VamA' (-loudO, adv. [Pref. c + loud.} Loudly.
Alp (Xlp)t n. [L. Alpes the Alpi, of Celtic origin.]
A very high mountain ; p/., the higbsst mountain chain
in Europe, containing the mountains of Switserland, etc.
Al-pao^A (U-pSk'i), n. [8p., fr. Peruvian name.]
1. An animal of Peru. 2.
Wool of the alpaca. 3. A
thin cloth made of the hair
<rf the alpaca.
iiAl'pm-itook' (xi'pSiH
■t^OtA- [0.;il(p, geu.pl.
Afpen + stock stick.] Au
iron-i>oiuted staff OMd in
elimbing the Alps.
Al'pbm (U'lA). n. [Or.
oA^J The flrst letter in the
Greek alphabet, used to de-
note the beginning.
Al'DluhlMt (-b«t), n. [L.
QlphaUtum, fr. Or. oA^ -j- Aipac4.
^ifra, the flrst two Greek letters.] 1. The letters of a
language arranged in the usual order. 2. Simplest rudi-
ments. *r. t. To alphabetise. — Al'plui-lMtIo, Al'filUI-
b«tl>al. a. — Al'>luib«t'lo-ftl-ly, adv.
A11^4wt-lM (-U), V. t. 1. To arrange alphabetic-
allT. 2. To furnish with an alphabet.
Al'pIlM (-pTn or -|>in), a. Pertaining to the Alps, or
to any lofty mountain ; lofty.
Al-IWdT (Rl-riJd'y), adv. [All -f rwrf*/.] Prior to
■ome specified time ; by this time; previously.
AFm (Al'sft), adv. & conj. [AU -f «o.] In like man-
ner : beftides ; as well ; further ; too.
Alt (nt), a. A n. The higher part of the musical
scale. See Alto.
Al'Ur (lU'tJr), n. [L. altare, prob. fr. altiu high.]
1. A raised structure on which to offer sacrifices to a
deitT. 2. A Christian communion table.
Altar-piM«' (-pSsO, n. The parting or sculpture
behind the sltar ; raredos.
AlOW (-t8r), V, t. & i, [LL. aUerare, fr. L. alter
'.] To change in some respect ; to vary ; to modify.
Hrp. — To Chanob ; Altbk. - Change may express loss
of identity, or substitution of one thing iu place of
another. Alter expresses change in form or details with-
out destroying identity.
Al'ter-«-Ua (nl't?r-A-b'l), a. Capable of change. —
AltOT-«-bai-ty. n. - Al'ter-t-Wy , flrfr.
Alter-«Bt (-«nt), a. Alterhig ; ipradually changing.
Al'ter-Ation (ftl'tir-i'sh&n), n. 1. A making differ-
ent. 2. Chanse in the form or nature of a thing;
changed condition.
AlOar-a-tfy* (-A-tTv), ff. Causing alteration. *ti. A
medicine or treatment which gradually induces a rhanpe.
Al'ter-eata (Xl'ter-kit). r. ». [L. altermre, ^ntum,
fr. fttter another.] To contend in words; to dispute.
— Al'ter-OAtifm, n.
Al-ter^lt« (Xl-tSr'nit), n. [L. nltemirre, -natum, fr
altemus, fr. Hter other.] B<*ing or succneding by tiim^ ;
reciprocal. —n. 1. Timt which alternates with iwme-
thingclse. 2. A substitute. 3. A mathematical pro-
portion derived from anotlier proportion by interchan-
ging the means. - Al-tWliaMy («-t«r'ntt-iy), adv.
Al'ter-oata (Il't«r-nat or U-Olr'uit), V. t. Ai, T^
periorm by turns ; to interchange regularly.
Al'tar-na'tlOtt (U'tSr-na'ahfin), n. i. Reciprtxad
succession of things in time or plaoe ; a following and
being followed by turns. 2. Mathematical permutation.
Al-tWlia-thr* (-tSr'uA-tTv), a. 1. Offerhig a choice of
two things. 2. Disjunctive. ^ n. Choice between two
or more things. — AA-tMrlUI-tlya-ly, adv.
Al-ttaOUgll' (f»l-th5'), conj. [All -f <AoupA.] Grant
all this ; suppottng that ; notwithstanain
Hrn. — ALTHOtJ«H : Though. -
ding; though.
,, il/M<»u(7A. which origi-
nally was perhaps more emphatic than though^ is now
interchangeable with it In the sense given above.
Al-tlm't-tar (U-tTm't-tSr), n. [LL. ; aUut high -H
metrum, Or. ^cVpoi^, measure.] An instrument for tak-
ing altitudes, as a qiiadrant, sextant, etc.
Al-tlm'e-tfT (-tiT). n. Measurement of altitudes.
Al'tt-tnda (Xl'tT-tSd), n. [L. altitudo, fr. aUus high.]
1. Space extended upward ; height 2. The elevation
of a pohit or oelestial object above the horisoa.
Alfto {Siti or iX'tt), n. [It, high, fr. L. alius.}
The part sung by the lowest female voices ; in instru-
mental music, the tenor. 2. An alto singer.
Al'tO-setll'er ( f»l'td6-gSth'Sr}, adv. [OB. allogedere ;
a/ all -|- Togedere together.] Without exception ; wholly.
AltO-Stt-lie'TOCSl't^-rl-lS'vd), n. Alto-riUevo.
||AltO-li-lte'ro(iil't«-rt-lyt'v«),n. [It] High relief.
Al'tni-telll (Il'tTd6-Ts*m), n. [P. aUruisme, ft altrui
of or to others, fr. L. alter another.] Regard for the in-
terests of others ; brotherly kindness.
Altm-ist, n. One imbued with altruism. — Al'tin-
lStte,a.
Al'vm (il'ttm),n. [OF., fr. L. alumen alum.] Au
astringent mineral substance, a double sulphate of alu*
minitim and some other element
A-lnlni-Iia (4-lu'mT-n&), n. [L. alumen, aluminis.
See Alum.] One of the eartlis, tlie oxide of the metal
aluminium. It is the characterising ingredient of com-
mon clay.
Alll-IBint (U^-mTn), n. [P.] Alumina.
Al'n-mlBl-lllll (-mTn^-iim), n. [L. alumen.} A
chemical element, the metallic base of alumina.
A-lnlni-IIOIUI (i-Iu'mT-nOs), a. Pertaining to or con-
taining alum, or alumina.
A-ln'ml-nmil (-n&m), n. Aluminium.
II A-lmn'lia (*-1&m'n&), n. fern.; pi. -VM (-nS);
II A-lmn'mis (-n&s), n. ; pi. -MI (-ni). [L., fr. alert to
nourish.] A pnpii ; a fmuluate of a seminary.
Al^ro-a-ry (Ii'vt-t-i^), n. [L. alrearium^ alreare,
beehive, fr. alvus belly, beehive.] 1. A beehive, o^
something like one. 2. The hollow of the outer ear.
Al'T«-0-late (-ft-l£t), a. [L. alveolatus^ fr. alveolua.}
Deeply pitted, like a lioneycomb.
II Al-TC'O-lllS (-vS'ft-ltts), n. [L., small cavity, dim.
of alveus.} 1. A cell in a honeycomb. 2. Small cavitv
in a coral, shell, etc. 3. A small depression, sac, or vesi-
cle, as the socket of a tooth, the air cells of the lungs,
etc. — Al^e-0-lar (il'v>«-l2r or U-vS'ft-lSr), a.
AlMlM (SI'vTn or -vfn), a, [L. alvus bellv.] Of,
from, in, or pertaining to, the belly or the intestines.
Al'wayi (ftl'wtx), adr. [All -\' way.} At aU times;
ever; perpetually; continually; invariably.
Am (Sm). [AS. am, eom, akin to L. sum^ Gr. •ifu.}
The flrst person singular prevnt of be.
A-nudn' (i-miu'), adv. [Pref. a- 4- main strength.]
With full force ; violently ; in great haste ; at once.
A-mal'Cam (-mSI'gam), n. [F. amalgame, prob. fr.
L. malogma. Or. iiiXayfiOy plaster, poultice, fr. ^oAoxtk
Aoft.] 1. An alloy of meroury with another metal.
2. A compound of different things.
A-mal'ga-nUlte (-g4-mat), r. /. 1. To compound
(quicksilver) with another metal ; to unite, combme, or
fim, recent, Arb, r||de, fyll, Am, food, ioot^ out, oil, eliair, (o, ains, iQk, then, flain.
AMALGAMATION
22
AMENTACEOUS
aUoy with mercury. 2. To unite or combine, ^v. i.
To unite in an amalgam ; to blend ; to coaleace.
A-nud^n-nUltton (4-mKI'gi-uii'shnD), n. l. An
amalgamating. 2. The mixing of diiferent elements,
races, societies, etc. ; a homogeneous union.
A-mailll-ail'ilB (4-min'ft-«u'BTi), n. ; »/. AMAHUBran
(-s9i). [L., fr. a, ab -j- manu* hand.] One who writes
wh*t another dictates ; a copyist.
Am'A-riBtll (Im'i-rKnth), n. [Or. sf^poyrof unfad-
ing, amaranth ; a nriv. + ^apatyciy to cause to wither.]
1. An imaginary flower supposed never to fade. 8. A
genus of ornamental annual plants. 3. A purplish color.
Am'ft-nui'thlM (-rItt'thTn), a. 1. Pertaining to
amaranth. 2. Unfading. 3. Purplish.
A-BHUW' (i-mAsO, v. t. [P. amauer / L. ff d -f massa
mass.] To effect mto a mass. — A-mMMa^moAi n.
Syn. —To accumulate ; heap up ; pile.
Am'A-tAlir' (Im'i-tSr^), n. [P., fr. L. amator lover,
fr. atnare to love.] One who cultivates a study, or art,
from taste, without pursuing it professionally. — Am'ft-
tmurisll (Sm'4-t8r^sh), a. — Am'A-tolir-tm, n.
Am'a-tITt (lm'4-tTv), a. [L. aniatus^ p. p. of amare.']
Pull of love ; amatory. — Am'a-tlT»-IIMS, n.
Am'A-tO^-al (-tO'rT-al), AMnfm-t»-TJ (-t«-rj^), a. Per-
taining to, producing, or expressing, sexual love.
W AmftMrnftAm (-f^rysTa), n. t<}r. ifuaifman, fr.
iifUB»p6€ dark, dim.] Loss of sight, without external
change hi the eye. — Am'an-nf lo (-r8t/Tk), a,
A'tua¥ (4-mix'), v. i. [Fret, a- -f ma«c.] To over-
whelm with wonder ; to astonish greatly. — A-nUM',
A-maatlnMit, n. — A-mas'ea-ly, adv. — A-bmiIbc,
a, — A-DMatBg-ly, adv.
Syn. — To Amazb ; Astohrh : astound ; confound ;
bewilder. — Amatemeni includes bewilderment and sur-
prise, and expresses a state in which one does not know
what to do, say, or think. A$toni$hment is a state in
which one is tiutmed by the greatness of something.
Am'a-na (im'4-s5n), n. [Or. 'Afui^v.'] 1. One
of a fabled race of female warriors. 8. A masculine
woman ; viraga 3. A South American parrot.
Amfti-mo^ni^ak (-s5^T-<ra), a. L Like an Amason.
8. Pertaining to the river Anuuon in South America.
Am-lma^mi-AK (im-Ute'si-dSr), Bm-tes'M-dor (Sm-),
A. 1. A minister representing his sovereign or couutiy
at a foreign court. 8. An official representative.
Am-lMi'lft-tfrtM (-drSs), n. A female ambassador ;
wife of an ambassador.
AoHmT (Sm'bSr), n. [8p. Ambar^ fr. Ar. *anbar am-
bergris.] 1. A yellowish fossil resin. 8. A clear light
yellow. 3. The balsam, liquid*mbar. —a. Consisung
of or like amber.
AmOMr-ffXls (-grU), n. [P. ambre grit gray am-
ber.] A fragrant, waxy secretion of the intestfaies of
the sperm wlMle, used in perfumery.
Arn'M-^aHer (-bT-dSks'UIr), a. ILL., fr. L. ambo
both + dexter right.] Using both hands with equal
ease. — n. 1. One who uses both hands with equal
facility. 8. A double-dealer. — Am'M-dM-tarl-ty
(-terO-ty), n. — Am'M-deztroiis, a.
Amlli-MIt, a. [L. ambieru; amb- -{-ire to go.]
Encompassing on all sides ; investing.
Am-nc^-OUl (-bTg'ft-Qs), a. [L. ambiguut^ fr. am-
bigere to wander about.] Doubtful or uncertain, esp.
in signification; equivocal. ~Am-1ltC^-0IU-ly, adv.—
Am-Uc^-«iui-ii0aB, AmlM-fQl-ty (-bT-gua-ty), n.
Syn . — Doubtful ; dubious ; uncertain. Bee Equivocal.
Am^blt (-bTt), n. [L. amMtfu.'\ Circuit ; compass.
AB-Mnion (-bTsh^), n. [L. ambilio a goinc around,
esp. to solicit votes, fr. ambire to go around.] Desire
for preferment, honors, power, etc.
AJB-lll'tiOIUI (-bTsl/lis), a. 1. Possessing, or con-
trolled by, ambition; inordinately desirous of power,
etc 3. Springing from, or indicating, ambition.
AmHlto (Im'bM), V. i. [P. ambler, fr. L. ambutare
to walk.] To go at an amble. —n. A gait of a horse,
in which both legs on the same side move at the same
time. — AmldMr, n.
Am-teo'ilB (im-bryshi or -zhT-A), n. [Gr. ofi/ipovM,
fr. ofififiOTot immortal ; A priv. -f fiporis mortal.] 1.
The fabled food of the gods, which immortalised those
who ate it. 3. A gei>us of plants, including some worth-
leas weeds. — Am-lllO'BiAl (-shal or -sliT-al), a.
AmOra-laaoe (•bft-iaus), n. '~
walk.] (a) A field hospitaL
injured persons to a hospitaL
Amim-lailt (-hmt), a. Walking ; moving about.
Am'ta-latlon (IS'shfin), n. AwaUdng.
Anlmlk-Uhtf {-\k.th-rS),a. iTlble to walk;
walking. 3. Not staUonary. 3. Not yet fixed legaUy,
or settled past alteration. — n. A phu» to walk hi.
-_^ -_. (.bfU-kid'), n. [P. embtitcade, fr.
[P. ; fr. L. ambutare to
{b) A wagon to convey
LL. imboteare. See Ambush.] 1. A lying in wait, to
attack an enemy bv surprise ; an ambush. 8. A body of
troops lying hi ambush, —v. t. L To poet in ambush.
8. Towi^lay.
Amtnuhi (-bd6^i). <"■ i. ILl** itnbmcnrt; In fai -f>
6oT. ' * w wti.Ml.J L Toh station In aintiu«h. 8. TO way-
lay. — T , I. To lift Id wait ; to lurli. — n. 1. An nnax-
peeted sttsfk from h cotu'HUe*! i4ice; a snare. %. A
C0Tici^%]pd ststJoLi H'lirm enrtnies tie iu ii>it-
A jUHxr', A-mir ^^-u^tr^), n^ [B» Eim.] One of
til- M'il<i.4ru]iji'<1iiii noblLity^ of Alghatilfctau and Scinde.
A toeFlD-rattt (ntel'y^^rf t«), t, L &i. [L. ocf -f- me-
lii.-nnf lo iii»k« l>rtt^Tr] To nislt^^ or ^roH, better; to
mrliomt* — AHLttl lO-IttUui, f^. — A-SMllO-n-tlVt
Amtn^ (i'lllHii' i^ iw ^mamg^ ji^fiilit/), intttj., adv., &
n. [L. amm, Gr. o^ijk', Heb. amfN tvrtiiinijr.] An ex-
pr--^i.-.n up^d at tlun rifl of praifTHj oji-inHiir, 5o be H.
It I J u^w^ jut ^ Lxuui., Lu iii;;iti^ic : (a) aAseixl ; (o) the final
word or act ; (r) Christ, as being true and f althf uL
A-mo^na-Ua (i-mS'n4-bn), a. [P. amener to lead ;
fr. L. minari to threaten.] 1. Liable to be brought to
account or punishment; responsible. 3. Willing to
yield; tractable. ~ A-mo'lia-ttle-lMM, A-BM'llll^rfl'-
A-BMBd' (-mfodO, f. t.Ai. [L. emendare; e (ex) +
mendum fsult.] To change for the better ; to improve.
Syn. — To Ambhd : Eiord ; Coaaacr ; RaroBii ; Rao-
Tirr. — These words agree in the idea of bringing things
into a more perfect state. We correct (literally, make
straight) when we conform things to some standard. We
amend or emend by removing faults or errora. and ren-
der a thing more nearly perfect. To r^ortn is to form
over again, or put into a new and better form. To rectify
is to make right.
A-BMnd'A-tO-ry (-4-tft-rj^), a. Supplying amendment.
II A^mflOde' (A^mK^dO, n. [P.] A pecunhuy pimish-
ment or fine ; a reparation or recantation.
A-nMBd'BMIIt (i-raSnd'ment), n. L A change for
the better. 2. In public bodies : An alteration hi a bill
or motion by adding, changing, or omitting.
Syn.— Improvement; refor-
mation; emendation.
A-IIIBIldi'(-m8nds'),n. ting.
A pi. Compensation for loss
or injury; recompense; repa-
ration.
A-IMDl-ty (-mSnT-ty), n.
[L. amoenut pleasant.] The
being agreeable ; civility ; suav-
ity; gentleneMi.
Am'ent (Im'Snt), n. [L.
amentum thong or strap.] A
species of inflorescence ; a rat-
kin. — Am'Ul-U'OMIIS (-Sn-
ti'shOs), a.
AmenU or Catkins.
a Male Amenti t b Femsle
Ament.
S, 8, 1, 5, 0, long ; &, iS, 1, 5, a, ti ^''^ \ Mn3te, 3 vent, tdea, 6bey , finite, cAre, iirm. Ask, nil, flnaL
AMERCE
23
AMPLEXICAUL
' (4-iiiSnO« t». /. [OF. amerder^ fr. a merci
•t the mercy of.] To puniah bj a pecuniary penalty;
to mulct. — A-Btret'BMnt n.
A-niMT'l-oail (A-mAr^-kau), a. [Fr. Ainerieus Vespu-
eian] Fertaininff to America, eep. to the United States.
— fi. A native of America ; citixea of the United States.
A-mai'l-oail-lBni (-Ts*m), n. 1. Attachment to the
Uuitod States. 2. An American characteristic. 3. A
word or phrase peculiar to the United States.
Am'^-tbyit (Sint-thTst), n. [Gr. ci^«9v<rT0« a rem-
edy for drunkenness; a priv. -f- M<^ strong drink.]
Crystallixed quarts, of violet color, used as a jeweler's
•tone. — Am'^-tbyi'tlne (-thlsaTnJ, a.
A'ml-A-llto (i'mt-A-bn), a. [F. ; L. amieabUU
friendly, fr. amieu* frieua, fr. amare to love.] Lova-
ble ; kindly ; kind-hearted ; having sweet temper. —
Ald-i-ttto-naM. A'ml-a-Ul^ty, n. - Alni-a-tily, adv.
Am'l-ailtllllB (tma-ln'thft«), n. [Or. o^uorroc kiBvi
onsoiled stone ; a priv. -{- i^iaivtu^ to stain.] A soft
silky variety of asbestus, resembling flax.
Aail-ca-ble (-k4-b'l), a. ^L. amicabUU^ fr. amicus
friend, fr. amare to love.] Friendly ; peaceable. — Am'-
l4Mi4d*-nMS, Am'Ua-Ul'i-ty, ». - Am't-M-bly, adv.
Syn* — AnoABLB ; Fubitdlt ; peaceable ; kind ; har-
monious. — Neither amienbte nor friendly denotes great
affection, since friendly has not the same strength as its
noon friendship. It does, however, imply something of
md cordiality; while amicable supposes only that the
parties referred to are not disposed to quarreL
A-ndd' (i-mTdOt prep. Amidst.
A-mUKslllps (-ships), adv. In the middle of a ship.
A-nldst' GmTdstOt I prep. [OE. amidde^ on midden^
A-mld' (-mTdO, ) in the middle, fr. midde mid-
dle.] In the midst or middle of ; encompassed by.
Syn. —Amidst, Amowo. — Amidst denotes in the midai
or middle of, and hence surrounded by. Among denotes
a mingling with distinct or separable objecta.
I A-Bdr' (-mSr'), n. Ameer ; emir.
A-nlM' (-mTs'), adv. [Pref. a- + mitM.'\ AMny ;
faultily; wrongly; ill.— a. Wrong; improper.
AlBl-ty (imT-ty), n. [F. amiiiS, fr. L. amicus
friendly, fr. amare to love.] Friendship between faadi-
vidnals, societies, or nations ; friendly relations.
ABMIIO'lll-ft (-mynT-A), n. [Fr. sal ammtmiac, first
obtained near the temple of Jupiter A mmon. ] A gaseous
compound of hydrogen and nitrogen, with a pungent
smell and taste ; vohitile alkali ; spirits of hartshorn. —
Am-mo^-ao, Am'mo-iil'a-oal, a.
Am-mo'Bl-M (-nT-Ck) (or Omn' un-mo^-ao), n.
Concrete juloe (gum resin) of a Ptersian plant, having a
peculiar smell, and used in medicine.
AB'imMlitlOB (Im/mt-nTsh'lin), n. [F. BeeMuHi-
noii.] Articles used in chargins firearms and ordnance
of all kinds ; as powder, balls, shot, shells, etc.
II Am-lia'M-a (-nS'sT-A or -sT-A), n. [NL., f r. Or. i^unt-
9uu] FoTgetfnlness ; misuse of names or words through
Umb of memory. ~ Am-lia'llo (-aTk), a.
AarBM-ty (-n«».ty), n. [Or. atuntarta a forgetting ;
* priv. -|- ftrcotfoi to remember.] 1. Forgetfulness.
2. Oeneral pardon of offenses, —v. /. To pardon.
AHBOBg' (i-mlingOt I prep. [AS. onmang^ gemang^
A-mongat' (-mttngstO, ) in a crowd or mixture. See
McroLB.] 1. Mixed or mhigled with; surrounded by.
8. Associated with ; in the number or cUss of.
Syn. - Amidst ; between. See Amidst.
Afll'O-nmi (Sm^-rtts), a. [LL. amorosiis, fr. L. amor
love.] 1. Inclined to love, or to sexual enjoyment 2.
In love ; enamored. 3. Relating to love. — Am'O-
looa-ty, (Kfr. — Aa'o-imuhiiaaa, n.
Sjn, — Loving ; fond ; tender ; p%ssionate ; ardent.
A-flUr^yhOlia (A-mar'flis), a. [Gr. a^p^ : A. priv. +
Mop^ form.] 1. Having no determinate form ; shape-
I4MS. a. Uncrystallised. 3. Of no particular kind.
Msnh Frog (Rnna pahulri*\
one of the Amphibia.
A-morHaa (i-mdr'tTi), v. t. [F. amortir to sell in
mortmain.] 1. To alienate in mortmain, that is, to convey
to a corporation. 2. To extinguish (a debt) usually by a
sinking fund. — A-moTtl-za'ttOB, A-moi^tlaa-Bant, n.
A-mtmatf (-mount'), v. i. [OF. amonter to increase,
ascend, fr. amont upward.] 1. To r^ach by an accumu-
lation of simas or quantities ; to come {to) in the aggre-
gate. 2. To be equivalent.— fi. 1. The sum total;
the aggregate. 2. The effect or result ; the sum.
A-moor' (-mS&r'), n. [F.] Love making; an intrigue.
II Am'ptoe' (iiit^pftr'), ) n. [Name of a French eleo-
Am-para' (Sm-pir'), f trician.] The standard unit
of current in electrical measurements.
II Am-phlbl-a (Im-fTba-A), n. pi. [See Amphibiovs.]
A class of the vertebrates.
Amphibia usually have no
scales, have eggs and em-
bryos similar to those of
fishes, and undergo a com-
plete metamorphosis, the
young having gills. — Am-
pliflyi-an, a. & n.
Am-Ahlbl-aiia (-Qs), a.
[Or. o^i^i^uw living a
double life, t. e., both on
land and in water ; «fi^' -{-
pios life.] 1. Able to Uve
both on land and in water.
2. Adapted for both land and water. 3. Partaking of
two natures. — Am-^hlM-oaa-naaa, n.
Am'pia-1»0l'O-l7(lm/fT-b51'ft-]j^),n. [Qt. ifi^fiPoXot
ambiguous + A<$yof speech.] A propodtfoo susceptible
of two interpretations.
Am-phlb^O-loaa (-fn/ft-lds), a. Ambiguous.
Am'plli-lnaoh (-fT-brSk), n. [Or. i/j^ifipaxvt short
at both ends ; ofi^t + fipaxyt short.] A foot of three
sylliM^rt, the inldille one In^iiif, the others short.
Am-phlc'ty ons (-rTk'j,y i^ia^), n. p/. [Or. 'AfiAuerji'
0¥i<i. Pt'h.]«. LT INT. ^iLLt^iiTT^oj''^; Uwellers around.] Depu-
ties frH'Tii tilt! riii]f4'ili^i.iLt'.L Mt:\ieB of ancient Greece to a
comti it. — Am-phlD ty-on'ic 1 i{m-fTk'tT-5nTk), a.
Am^pbJ-pDd {S.m'\J-i.»j 1 u rr One of the Amphlpoda.
~ Am'phl pod. Am-pMp^o dAB (Im-fTp^-dan), a.
Am-phfp'o da {jtm.if|>'.%44), n. pi. [NL., fr. Or.
o^^it t- -01.^, Taiiiv, fLf'lJ A numerous group of four^
tea iL - h " 1 ( ► . J L f u - iJirnt. Thtj Iheach flea Is an example. —
Am nhlp^o doaa 4^1 Hji'^, *t.
Am phia'&i 1 (-nNh^-T), I n. pi. [Or. ati^unctot
Am jvlils'ClJma { - n^h *nnt i, i throwing a shadow both
wsy- f api.^i -\- ffPTifli nhmJuw.] The inhabitants of the
tWipii"-. «h'-iiir- i.iiii.iow?i til HT].' part of the year are cast
to »atj ui^tUi, ikimi iu tlie oiii^i M> the south.
Am'phl-tha'a-tar ) (-n-thS'i-tSr;, n. [Or. ^««r'a-
Am'plll-tlia'a-tra ( rpoi'; At^i + Bdarpot^ theater.]
An oval or circular building with rising tiers of sests
about an open space called the arena. — Am'skl-tlia'a-
tral, Am'phl-tlia^t'rio, Am'plil-ttia^it'ino-al, a.
II Am'p&O-ra (.f«-rA), n. ; p/T-Rji (.r«}. [L., fr. Or.
ifi^ 4- ^ptty to bear. J An ancient two-handled vessel,
Upering at the bottom, for holding wine, oil, etc.
Am'iaa(-p'l), a. [F. ; L. amplus.! 1. Large ; widely
extended. 2. Fully sufficient ; abundant. 3. Not brief ;
diffusive.
Syn. — Ample ; Conons ; ABtnn>Airr ;
PLBMTaous ; full : SDMsious ; extensive ;
wide ; capacious ; bountiful. — Ample
implies sufficiency for every want, co-
piotis suggests flow, or collection at a
single point. Abundant and plenteous
refer to largeneas of quantity.
Am-l^az'i-caill (Sm-plSks^-kKl), a.
[L. ampleclij -plerus^ to embrace -f-
caulis stem.] Clasping a stem, as the
base of some leaves.
ttrpj reofnt, ftrb, r^de, fyll, Qm, food, tifoly oMt, oil, chair, ^, sin^, iqk, then, thin.
AMPLIFICATION
24
ANASTROPHE
Aa^plMLMIlloe (Sm'plT.fT-ki'Hhlln), n. 1. An un-
plifying; enUrgeoMut. 2. Th« enlargiug of a timple
■tatement for rhetorical effect ; diffuse narrative.
Aa'pll-fSr (-fl), V' t' [L. cmo/yfcarf.] To nmder
larger, more extended, or more uitenae ; to expand. — ^
V. f. To expand ; |o be diffuse ; to dilate. — Am-|Att1-
M-ttT* (piTfa-ki^TT), Am-pUfl-ca-ttHT. a.-Am'-
pli-ff 6r, n.
Am'^-tVd* (-t3d), n. [L. amplitudoy fr. amjAm.
Bee AmplbJ 1. Extent ; largeneas ; aise. 2. Breadth ;
fullneaa. 3. (a) The arc of the horison between the
tme eaat or west point and the centre of the nin, or a
star, at its rising or setting, (b) Tlie arc of the horison
between the true east or weet point and the foot of the
vertical circle passing through any star or object.
AJO^vVf (-pl5^)f adv. In an ample manner.
Am'pV-tm (-pt-tSt), V. I. [L. ampuiarey -iatus;
amih -f putare to prune.] To cut off (a limb, etc.). —
Am'pv-to'tlon, n. —Aa/ia-Wtn, n.
ArWUMkf (i-mttk'), a, A adv. [Malay amoq furious.]
In a f rensied and reckless manner.
To nm avnek, to attack ferociously eyeryono met, as
Malays 4o under the influence of bhang.
Am^-ltl (Sm^-lSt), n. [L. amuMum.'] An orna-
ment, scroll, relic, etc., worn as a chann against evils.
A-nuUM' (i-muxOt V' t' [F- amuser. See Muss, r.]
1. To entertain pleasantly. 2. To keep in expectation ;
to delude.
Syn. — To Aicusi; Dxmr; Kvtotaiii: gratify;
please ; beguile. — We are amused by that which occu-
pies us pleasantly ; entertained by that which brings our
minds Into agreeable contact with others, as conversa-
tion ; and diverted by that which turns off our thoughts
to something of Interest.
A-unUM'klMItt, n. Pleasurable excitement ; diversion.
Syn. — Diversion ; entertainment ; recreation ; sport.
A-lDrt^da4at« ( mTR'tU.JttJ, ^r, [L. a^ttygdala ahu-
opfj, Gr* o^uyliiAir &•* Alhomd.] rortjitning to, like,
or inAdn of, Alitioi|tl#, -~it. Au (itmil^inu koade of alra-
A-m7|M A lln« { - it n), n . Like, cr iH- rt t«, almonds.
Ara Y^A^iMDim (ilm^l-li'iihn(i)H IT. (u ^tiiylum starch,
Or^ oMiJAoi'.] Pf^rtaiiifug Xm^ or Ukft« itt^FH-ti ; starchy.
All (ElO* ^T. [AB, -Ifi Vnie. Swi Oth,] A, corainonly
ciailud the indf&mtw nrd^lr. It jitenlQ^'i f^'^f^ or any, but
leiti ertij^hiitip^Uy, va\4 J« %\m^ h^invt^ jt%i'ird beginning
with a ToWftl flO'tind #r Wrorft A mttndfd v.\\en the word
ta m'TC^ritw'ri on tlir wn'^nd »yllnblft.
A'na ii'i»ft>t ^ifv. [Or. i™ (tiwd 4lBtrtt)utively).] Of
pjU'lu Aft pqiial qujkutlty.
An't'baf^tlll (a*i'i.MinTit), fi. iOt l^A again -f
^aiTTi^cLi- to bi^ptittf,] Ono holiffnif Chcvt rebaptism is
tL«irn«»^ry for tlirHw baptliu^ lit luTMU'ryh
II An'flr-baii (-^»ifi)j, n. [Gr. ^o^dc, p. p. of oyo/Sa^i^rii'
tft (K^vBirirM'.] A gi^uuA ol idih^, cApAbln 4>r traveling on
Unil [tit'l elim>>fri|ff tre«s.
An-AOll'ro-nlftlll ( itk'rft tiTj'm). n. [Gr. Araypov^^eiv
to tpW.y inj fi \rrriiiift tiiur; i*** + ;]tpdi'Q, tktne.j A inls-
l>|jiri:iiK hi ihf- ■fiTfl^T nf ttui"*! rhfTmnJneirft] error. — Ab-
lOtt'to til!^"!" An ri''Ti'Tn nous. (nTi-'. ■■>,
An a i.u.i 4*- ^ u. X.: „ .a. A iMf^i: s&rpent, which
lives near rivers, and preys on birds and small mammals.
A-nao'ro-OBtlo (i-nik'r«-Sn'tTk), a. Pertaining to,
or after the manner of, the Greek poet Anacreon. — n.
A sprightly little poem in praise of love and wine.
A-IUldYO-mOIUI (&-nXd'r«-mnit), a. [Or. aviZpofun
running upward ; iva -\- lpa4itlv to run.] Ascending
rivers from the sea, at certain seasons ; — Paid of fish.
II An'Mhtbt'lI-a (£n'«a-th8'HT-& or -zhT-&), n. [NL. .fr.
Or. dva«rt^<r^a ; ^ priv. -f* oxa^ntr^s feeling, alavdvfa9ax
to feel. See^sTHBTics.] Loss of feeling ; insensibility
produced by disease or by use of an anaesthetic.
AB'tM-tMtifi (-th«t4k), a. Causing, or character-
ised by, insensibility. — n. Tluit which produces insen-
sibility to pain, as chloroform, ether, etc.
An'a-fflypll (tu'&.giTf), n. [Or. orayAv^ wrooght
in low relief ; ij^a. 4- yAv^tr to engrave. J An ornament
worked in low relief, as a cameo.— Alfa-slyp'tlo (in'i-
glTj/tlk), a.
An^ajgO'fe (-gO'jt), n. [Or. hfaf^ a leading up;
k^ -\- oyeiy to lead.] L Elevation of mind. 2. Bnlrit-
ual application of words. — AB'a-gOg^ (-g^Jtk), AB'a-
gofie-tl, a.
An'a-gnm (-grim), n. [Or. ia^ back, again -f yp^»
to write.l Chai^ of one word or phrase into another by
transposition of its letters. — An'A-glllll-IBftllO, a.
AfBAl (S'nal), a. Pertaining to, or near, the anus.
An'a-laetS (Sn'i.l«Ets), \n. pi. [Or. i^aAcicra; Mi
II An'a-lM^ (-ISk'tA), f -f A^iy to gather.] A
collection of literanr fragments. — An'a-lOQtlo, a.
AB^a;le^llO (-lei/tTk), a. [Or. ayaAipm«<k restor-
ative ; ova 4- Aofi/Saiff ii' to take.] Restorative ; giving
strength after disease. — n. A restorative.
An'a-IOf'lo-al (-15KT-kal), a. 1. Founded on, or ex-
pressing, analogy.
AB'a-Ioglo-al-ij, adv.
2. Having uialogy ; analogous. —
1v.
A-nal'b-glM (4^^-jIs), V. t. & i. [Or. OKoAoyt^c-
o0ai to think over.] To explain, or reason by, anal(«y.
A-BAl'0-gomi (-gfis), a. [Or. Avakoyot according to a
due ratio ; ityi + Aoyoc ratio.] Having analogy ; cor-
respondent; similar; like.
An'a-lociia (In'^lSg), n. That which is analogous
to " — ir ntrirr tbjrir.
A-iialo-gy vu-jjiiin -j> », "^ 1. A ir^mblanoe of rela-
tir^piM i. JtkeiLFM between tiiiiifrs in fcmt.^ cirrumstances,
win 11, ihr tilings ftrt* oibtru^ie vnitSfii'^y different. 2.
Of-'iii^'iTii^n.! prnporliltin J eqiinlitf ot ratios.
An'a-ll^e fait'A-lJti, r. Ta aiMlyj*,
A Q^l^f-SlB (iL-nflT-ftTs), rt^; pi, Ahaltbbs (-cSz).
[(^1 tii-'i\vaii : ai.aitp-1 Av«u^ to W^?-] Resolution of
aI:^llll1ll^ iitt^.' it« i-PiuiTitnent i>r urijiiiijil elements.
JlD'^a lyat iSh'A-lT«Oi f^^ One wht> Analyses.
^Q A tTt'lO (-irtTk), I F7. Pi<:Ttni]iMig to anslysis;
Ab a-Iyt^lo-al i-t-k'rl), I rwohinif iiito elements ; —
op J ■ M - H . . n 4 1 jfy If r A r/iir^. - An''a47t'lc-ftl4y , adv.
^Q a-lyricA (Tkn), i*, Tb*? ir:j«>i]i r of analysis.
Aa'H-lyM (111). ■'' '. To iubje:€t to analysis; to r»>
fc\i-r- ^rll■"^ it^ f*li'mcnt«L to *»e*riAin the nature of. —
All a-l7 zatlon ('itKi'^imn). w. — Aa'a-Iy'wr, n.
Ad-ad ''diaiu (-Irt^dtA-il, a. [Or. o^ priv. -f- av^p a
m;! 1 1. J I ^i'- T It utr of atuurrit as eertAiii female flowers.
An'A-pnst i-A-itihi), n. Aatpei^t,
Aa'Si-fetlf Jni. [Or, Airsir^imK nn Juiapest, i. e., a
dftit>l rvvf rM'4 ; ai^ii tMU'k -f trflUti' t^i strike.] 1. A
mr^ttiral Utui f'f Liircr «yllubleiii. tlic^ Arst two short, the
la t ]oTi^ {k^ u. -), 2, A vvn^ composed of such feet. —
An B-pcA^tlt}, An ft-p«s'tk-Al, fj.
An'xrt^h {-*'Tk\ n. lOt. ap prl^, 4 epi^i} government.]
An uutliirF-ot Aimrcbyi; oiio vrlia cxrlu«A revolt.
A-Dir^CltlO (i^ijiT''kI1i)^ a* j P^rtuhiing to anarchy ;
A'TtBiT'chiC'Vl (-ltT'k4'il>, j wit1i4:tiit government.
AA'arcti ism ilu^atk-Tt'tb), a. "Die doctrine or prac-
An'arch ist r ThO. n. An iinTirrh ; ftne who advocates
anarchy or aima to oveitlif uw civil government.
An'aroh-y i-f), n. 1. Absence of government; a
state of lawlessness. 2. Confusion or disorder.
II An'ar-throp'O-dA (•iir-thr9p'9-dA), n. pi. [NL., fr.
Or. ufopSpot without Joints -f -poda.'\ A division of
Articulata liaving no jointed legs, as the annelids; —
opposed to Arihropoda. — An^ar-tlirop'O-flOIUI, a.
II An'a-MT'oa (Sn'4->>i&r'k&), n. [NL., from Or. oya
throughout + adp$, trapic6%, flesh.] Dropsy of the sub-
cutaneous cellular ti'wue. — All''a-Sar'C01UI, a.
II A-IUUltro-plie (A-nSi»'tr^-f>), n. [Or. dvarrpo^i^ ;
ayi 4- trrp4^tiy to turn.] Inversion of the natural order
of words ; as, echoed the hiUs^ for, the hills echoed.
S, 8, t, B, fl, long ; ft, e, I, fi, ti, j^, short ; senllte, dvent, tdea, 6bey, ttnite, cAre, ttrm, &sk, ]|11, flnaU
ANATHEMA
25
ANGINA
Anchor, a a Stock t b Shank ;
cc Flukes; ttdArm*.
deToted, eap. to evil, a cune ; f r. avari0«Kau to dedicate ;
ar« up 4- n0t¥i to aet] A ban or cunte pronounced by
ecclesiastical authority.
A-naXkfO-mMrtiam (i-uitht-mi-tlx), v. t. To condemn
pobUcIy as accursed.
Alfa-tOBtlO (Sn^i-tOm'Tk), I a. Relating to anatomy
AB'a-tom'io^ (-T-kal), i or dioectioa. — AB'a-
tOmllMd-ly* adv. [omy. I
A-aafO-mlst (i-nit^mTst), n. One akUled In anat- 1
A-BafO-ml-iatlOII (-raT-xa'^hOn), n. An anatomiaing.
A-nif O-mlae (-mii), v. t. To dlseect ; to lay open the
Interior structure of ; to analyze.
ArllftfO-my (-ni]^)« *»• [Or. opoenfiii dissection; omL
4- T^ircir to cut.] 1. Art of dissection. 2. Science of
tlie structure of organic bodies; anatomical organisa-
tion. 3. A skeleton.
An'oas-tor (In'sfo-tSr), n. [L. mtiecfuor one who
goes before ; ante before -f- cedere to go.1 One from
whom a person is descended ; progenitor ; forefather. —
hafO^Wt\^ {-\XfT\-a\), An-OWKtna (-i«/tral), a.
JLu'LilM UlMIl (-trSs), n. A female ancestor.
An'oes-try (-try), n. 1. Condition as to ancestors;
Urth. 2. A series of progenitors ; lineage.
An'^dMr (Sg^Sr), n. \Tu, ancora^ Or. ayirvpa.] 1.
An iron histniment to lay
bold of the earth and re-
tain a ship in a particular
station. 2. Any instru-
ment or contrivance that
gives stability or security.
— r. /. 1. To place at an-
chor ; to secure by an an-
chor. 2. To fix in a stable
condition. — v. i. To cast
anchor ; to stop ; to rest.
An'ohor-asa (-tj), n.
1. A place where ships may anchor. 2. Bet of anchors
belonging to a ship. 3. A hold ; ground of trust. 4.
A toll for anchoring ; ancliorage duties.
AB'eho-ren (-ks-ret), n. a female anchoret.
An'ohfMDet (-rSt}, An'oho-rtta (-rit), n. [Or. iytM-
prur^ ; am -)- X**P'^*' ^ retire, xStpon place. J One who
renounces the world and secludes himself, usually for
religious reasons ; a hermit.
ABHdlO^ (Xo-chS'vf ), n. [Bp. & Pg. anehova^ lit.,
a dried fish, fr. Bisc. antzua dry.] A small fish of the
Herring family, caught in the Mediterranean, and pickled.
An'dant (fin'shent), a. [F. mteicn, LL. antiamu, fr.
L. ante before.] 1. Old ; belonging to times long past,
esp. to the tiroes before the fall of the Roman empire ; —
opposed to modem. 2. Of long standing ; of great age.
— n. pi. Tlioae who lived in former mps, as opposed to
the modems. — AB'olenMy, adv. — Aia'dent-iMn, n.
8yn. — AncMirr : Aktiquatbd; Obwlktb; Aiitiqub:
0u> ; primitive : old-fashioned. — Ancient is opposed to
modern^ and refers to antiquity. Antinnated describes
that which has gone out of U8«^. Obsolete is used, instead
of antiquated^ In reference to linguage, customs, etc.
Anti^ne is applied either to that which has come down
from the ancients, or to that which is made to imitate
some ancient work of art.
An'oU-U-ry (fa'sll-lt-rjn, a. [L. andUaHs, fr. an-
cilia a female servant.] Subservient or subordinate,
like a handmaid ; auxiliary.
AlHdp'l-Ul (-sTpnr-tal), ) a. [L. aneeps, aneipitis,
AB-dpl-tOllt (-tlis), ) two-headed, double ; an-
for amb- on both Mw-\- caput head.] Two^ged in-
stead of round ; — said of flattened stems of plants.
An'OO-BT (tn^k^-nV), n. A piece of malleable iron,
bar-shaped in the middlp, but nnwron«ht at the ends.
And (Snd), eonj. [AS. ; akin to G. und. D. en.] A
particle used to express the relation of addition, and to
connect words or sentences.
H An-dan^a (fin-dttntt or In-dln^tt), a. [It., p. pr.
of andare to go.] Moving moderately slow, bat dMInet
and flowing. ^ n. A muucal movement in andante time.
Andl'nn (ftudl'ilm), n. [OE. astdeme, prob. con-
fused with brand-iron.} A utensil to support wood in a
fireplace; aflredog.
An-dlory-BODS (>»-<irefT-»Q«). ) a- [Or. Ipip&y^
An-drorr-BAl (-drSja-nal), | mk ; dL^fp, i^^,
inui -f yyrn woman.] Uuitiaff both sexes, ur having
characteristics of both ; hermaphroditic.
in. [Or. ar8po«i^iT«ofman*a
J form ; ot^P* ej4p6^ -f- tt-
»rmed lil^ *
Resembling a man.
An'M^Ota (Su'Sk-dSt), n. [F., fr. Or. ia^iKSonn not
published ; iof priv. -{- <«c out -^SMvai to give.] A par-
ticuhu- incident — An^ao^OtiOnal (-dSt^kal), a.
An'O-mom'TtL-phj (-t-mOg'ri-fJ^), n. [Or. avcitoc wind
-f- -graphyA A description of the winds.
AB'a-niiu'o-fT (-mOl'ft-jy), n. [Or. fvcfiov -f -fopy.]
Science of the wind.
(In'droid),
II An-drol'dflt (-droiMSs), .
&K form.] An automaton formed like a liumau being.
AB'droMt, - • ^
(-mOm^-UIr), n. [Or. art|iov -f
-meter,} An instnunent for measurinc the force or ve*
locity of the wind ; a wind gauge. — All'a^llO-lliat'rtO
(-mft-mSt'rTk), An^a-iiio-inanlo-al, a.
A-nam'O-na (&-n8m'«-n«), n. [L. ; Or. iiteiiMvn, fr.
oyffUK.] 1. A genus of plants of the Crowfoot family;
windflower. 2. The actinia, or sea anemone.
A-liani'O-aoOM (-ekSp), n. [Or. JU^/uk -f -teope.} A
register of the direction of the wind ; a weathercock.
lUl'a-rold (int-roid), a. [Or. I priv. + vnp^ wet -f
-cid.} Containing no liquid.— n. An aneroid barometer,
or one in which Uie pressure of the atmosphere acts upon
the elastic top of a metallic box inclosing a vacuum.
||All'e0-ttia'M-a(-«s.thS'sT.Aor-shT-&),n. Amesthesia.
An'OII-rlaill (Sn'O-rTs'm), n. [Or. owi^pvoma a widen-
ing : oKd up -f- «vpvf wide.] A soft, pulsating tumor,
arising from dilatation or rupture of an artery. [Written
also aneurysm.^ —AnlVfOk-WmMl (-rTs^al), a.
hrWBm* (^nuQ, adv. Over again ; another time.
AB'gal (5n'j«l), n. [AS. rnntfel. fr. L. angelus, Or.
ayyvAof messenger, angel. 1 1. A celestial being, superior
to man in power and intelligence ; spirit ; demon. 2.
An ancient gold coin of England, bearing the figure of the
archangel Ifichael.
Aapi flsh. (a) A species of
shark having large, wing-
like pectoral fins. {b\ One of
several species of com-
pressed, bright colored fiahea
of warm aeas.
AB-gallo (Sn.J«iak), 1 a.
An-cal'lMd (-T-koi), )
Belonging to, or proceeding
from, angels ; resembling an
angel ; heavenly ; divine.
An'gal-ol'o-iy (in'j8l-6l'- ,
t-jf), n. [Anffel + -loffp.} \
DlHCourse on angels ; doc-
trine in regard to angels.
B'far (»n'g8r), n. [OE.,
[eel. an — -•
AngslFiah.
fr. Icel. angr affliction, sor-
row ; akin to L. angor anguish, angere^ Or. iyytu^ to
strangle.] Strong passion or displeasure.*— r. t. To ex-
cite ; to anger ; to provoke.
Syn. — Anoir; iNoioNATioir : RisBirniBirr ; Weath;
Irb ; Raob : Furt : passion ; displeasure ; vexation ; spleen.
— Anffer is keen displeasure (usually with a desire to pun-
ish) for what we re^rd as a wrong. Indionation ia a
generous outburst of anger at things which are indigna^
or unworthy to be done. Resentment is often a moody
feeling, leading one to brood over personal wrongs.
Wratn and ire express the feelings of one bitterly pro-
voked. Rage is vehement anger ; /ury, an excess ox rage.
amounting almost to madness.
II An-Kllui (Sn-jT'n& or Sn'JT-n&), n
[L., fr. angere.
fCm, recent, 6rb, r^de, fyll, tbl^ food, fdbt, oat, oil, chair, ^ siiiR, i|ik, then, thin«
ANGIOGRAPHY
26
ANNALISTIC
Bm Aiianu] Any Inflammatory affection of the throat
tendiiv to prodooe niffocation.
An'Sl-or^-pliy (in'JT^ri
raphy.'} Description of blood i
-graphy.
'jT-«g'r*.fy), n. lAuffio- -|-
blood veaaels and Ijrmpbatice.
blood veaaela and lymphatica.
omv of blood vest
All'gl-O-spam (-*-«p8nn), n. \^AngUh 4- Or. awipiut^
cwtofiarot, teed.] A plant haTiiig beeda mcloaed in a
pericarp, aa tlie pea. — Aafg^-^^fW^mk-tOiUM, An'gl-
O'4i8MTlB0IIS« fl<
Ao^gl-OfO-my (-Bt^mf), n. [w4nmo. + Or. ro^^ a
cottii^r*] Dissection of the blood veiieeis and lymphati<»
of the body.
An'Cto (Ss'g*!), n, [F. ; L. ofi^iM angle, comer.]
1. A comer ; a nook. 2. (a) The q
geometrical figure made by two Hues ^
which meet, (b) The difference of
direction of two lines. 3. [AS.
angel.) A fishhoolc; tackle for catch-
ing fish. « v. €. 1. To fish with hook e.
aiki line. 2. To use some bait or
artifice ; to intrigue.
An'iOmtL (In'ir^ld).
An'gltd (Ic'g'^ld), a.
CAE Right Angle
CAD Acute Angle.
BA£ Obtuae Angle.
Having an
1. One who angles. 2. A fish
Il'gler(«n'gl8r).n.
having a broad and fiat head, and large mouth.
angle or angles
An'glM (Ka'g*lz), n. pi. [L. AngTi. See Amoucam.]
An ancient Low German tribe, that settled in Britain.
An'gto-WiflO' (Ja'gl-wIsO^ adv. lA ngle 4- wise, OE.
tpise manner.] In an angular manner ; angularly.
AB'gle-WQflll' (-wOrmO, n. *
anfflei
[lers for bait.
gll-An (-glT-an), a.
One of the Angles.
An earthworm used by
Pertahiing to the Angles.—
An'gll^Mn (-kan), a. TL. Angli the Angles, a Germanic
tribe. Cf. English.] 1. BngUsh ; pertainiuff to Eng-
land, the English, or the Church of England. 2. Pertain-
ing to, or held by, the high-church party of the Church
of England. — n. A member of the Church of England,
9sp. of the high^huroh or ritualistic party.
An'gli-Otll-lSIll (-Ts*m), n. 1. Strong partiality to
the Church of England. 2. The principles of the estab-
lished church of England ; doctrines of the higlM^hurch
party. 3. Attachment to EngUsh institutions.
jAlfcli'M (-flt), adv. [NL.] In English; in the
'lom.
1, custom,_etc.
, ,, jlish ; to
lish ; to conform to the English idiom or snalogies.
An'glo-SaX'Oll (-gld-BUEs^On or -siks^n), n. [L.
Angli-Snxoneg English Bixons.] 1. A Saxon of BritiUn.
2. pi. The Engliui people before the Norman Conquest.
3. The language of the EngUsh people before the Con-
quest (sometimes called Old English). 4. A descendant
of the Teutonic tribes settled in England. — a. Pertain-
anxi-
per
English manner: as, Llvomo, Anglice Leghorn.
An'ffU-CIsm (-sTs*m), n. English idiom, cusi
AB'gll-elM (-dz), r. /. To make English ; to Eng-
ing to the Anglo-S-ucons or their language.
II An'for (ite'gSr), n. [L. See Anoul] Great «
ety accompanied by painful constriction at the o]
put of the' belly, often with palpitation and oi .
An'giy (Sn'gi^)> a. 1. Inflamed and painful, as a
sore. 2. Touched with anger; enraged. 3. Showing,
or caused by, anger. — All'gll-ly, adv. — A]|'gll-lia«l,n.
8rn. — Passionate : resentful ; irritated ; irascible ;
indignant ; enraged ; inconaed ; furious ; wrathf uL
AB'glllflll (Ko'gwTsh), n. [L. angustia narrowneea,
distress, fr. angiutut narrow, difficult, fr angere to
press together. See Akobs.] Extreme pain of body or
mind ; excruciating dLstresa.
Syn. — Agony ; pang ; torture ; torment. See Aoont.
An'gll-lir (ilQ'Ktt-18r), a. [L. angularis, fr. angulu*
angle, comer.] 1. Relating to or having an angle or
angles ; sharp-oomered ; pointed. 2. Measured by an
angle. 3- Lean ; lank ; uncraoeful ; sharp and stiff in
character. — AB'gll-Iazl-tTTtn'gt-lIra-tj^), At^ca-Ul-
IMM, n. — An'CQ-lAr-Iy (-iSr-ty ), adv.
Aafhl^Uttan (Kn'bMi'shtin), n. [L. auhelntio; an
(perb. akin to E. on) -f- halare to breathe.] Short and
rapid breathing ; a panting ; asthma.
AB-hy^OnNW (-bi'driU), a. [Gr. <vv6po9 wanthig
water : i*- priv. -f- vino water.] Destitute of water.
Anil (ii/Il), n. [F., fr. Ar. otMii/, for al-nU ti.e
indigo plant, fr. Skr. nUa dark blue.] A West Indian
plant, an original source of indigo ; aUo, the indigo dye.
Al^lto (Xutl), a. [L. anitis^ fr. anus an old woman.]
Old-womaniah ; imbecile. — A-aUl-ty (^nHI-tV), n.
AbO-Um (inl-lTn or -ISn), n. [s4 Anil.1 The or-
ganic base of the brilliant dyes made from mdigo and
coal tar. — a. Made from, or of the nature of, amline.
An'i-BMd-VWllOB (in'T.mld-vir'shQn), n, [h. ani-
madvertio."] An aninuMiverting ; reproof ; censure ;
tdame; atrioture; comment.
Aaft-maA-ynttf (-v2rtO« v. i. [L. animadveHere ;
animus mind -f- cui to -|- rertere to turn.] 1. To ob-
serve ; to remark. 2. To criticise or oeusure.
Ani-OUd (-null), n. [L., fr. anitna breath, souL
See Animati.] 1. An organized living being having
sensation and voluntary motion. 2. A brute or beast,
as distinguished from man.— a. 1. Relating to ani-
mals. 2. Pertaining to the merelv sentient part of a
creature, as distinguished from the intellectual, rational,
or spiritual part. 3. Consisting of the flesh of animals.
Ani-OUd^llto (SuT-mU'kfil), n. [As if f r. a L. ani-
malculum, dim. of animal.} An animal, invisible, or
nearly so, to the naked eye. — All'1-Bllll'oa-llir (-kft-
iSr), An^-nud'cn-Uiie (-iTn), a.
II An'l-iiud'oa-liim (4iim), n. ; pi. Axxmalcula (-14).
[NL.] An animalcule.
Anl-OUd-lmi (in'T-mal-Ts*m), n. The st«te or en-
joyment of animals ; mere animal life ; sensuality.
An'l-OUdl-ty (Xn^T-mU'T-ty), n. Animal existence.
Anl-nUlto (ao^-mit), v. t. [L. animntuM, p. p. of
ani$naref fr. anima breath, soul ; akin to animus soul,
muMl.] 1. To give life to; to quicken. 2. To give
power, spirit, or vigor to ; to stimulate ; to enliven.
Syn. — To enliven; Insist: stimulate; inspire;
rouse ; urge ; cheer ; incite ; quicken ; gladden.
Anl-mat* (-mtt), Anl-ma'tad (-mi'UM), a. En-
dowed with life ; lively ; vigorous.
AB'i-mAtlOll (-mi'shttn), n. An animating, or being
lively, brisk, or full of spint and vigor.
Syn. — Liveliness ; vivacity; spirit ; buoyancy ; promfii-
ness ; enthusiasm ; ardor ; earnestness ; energy.
Anl-llllrai (-mTz*m), n. 1. Doctrine that the soul Is
the proper principle of bodily life and development
2. Belief that inanimate objects and natural phenomena
have personal life or a living soul ; belief in the existence
of soul or spirit apart from matter. — Anl-mlst, n.
An'i-mOSl-ty (-m5anr-tj^), n. [P. animoHti, fr. L.
animositas. See Akimati, v. /.] violent hatred leading
to active opposition ; energetic dislike.
Syn. — Aimfosmr ; "RKMirr. — Enmity may be dor-
niMit or concealed ; animosily is active enmity between
opposing parties.
Anl-nms (Xn^-mfis), n. [L., mind.] Animating spirit ;
intention ; temper.
AnlM (Sn^s), n. [Gr. eu^uror.] An umbelliferous
plant, and its carminative and aromatic seeds.
Anl-aeed (XoT-sSd), n. The seed of the anise ; also,
a cordial prepared from it.
Anlda (IfiHcn), n. [as. onc/«otr.] The johit con-
necting foot and leg ; the tarsus.
A&'ktot (KpHciet), n. An ornament or fetter for the
ankle ; an ankle ring. [An'lUd-ifltlC o. I
AnfBAl-ift (Sn'nol-Tst), n. A writer of annals. — |
if 8, 1,5,fl,lon^ ; A, «, 1, 5,0,^. short ; sen^tvent^tdea, 6bey, Unite, cftre, i&rm, ask, |^,flnaU
AKNALS
27
ANTARTMRITIC
Ao'ntls (ii/QOls), n. »/. [L. tmtuiUt (ac libH),
cfarouickMh 'r. anniu yearn 1. A relation of evenU in
chronoic^cal order. 2. Hiitorical records.
AB-nail' (So-nilOt v. t. [AS. anMlan ; on on -f- iSten
to bom.] 1. To heat (glaMt steel, etc.), and cool alowly,
to toughen it. 2. TO biaat (glaaa, etc.), to fix colors.
Aa-nez' (kn-nSky), v. t, [li. minederet -nexus^ to
bind to; ad-{-nectere to tie.] 1. To Join; to affix.
2. To add, as a smaller thing to a greater. 3. To
attach as a consequence, cooditum, etc.
8711.— To add; append; affix; unite. Bee Add.
As-nez' (Sn-nBks' or KnfttBks), n. Something annexed
or appended.
Aa'llSZ-a'ltall (In'n8k84[fsh&n), As-aaotlaii (-nSk'-
sh&n), ». An annexing; union. [annihilated. I
AB-nHllrU-U* C-nKhMA-bn), a. Capable of being I
An-niail-Uto (-ISt), v, 1. [L od + nihU nothing.]
To reduce to nothing ; to destroy the distinctive proper-
ties of. — An-nMd-uitloii, n.
An'al-Ttr'M-ry (in^uT-vSr^sA-rj^), a. [L. annus year
-f 9erter€. versum, to turn.] Returning with the year,
at a stated time.~fi. L A day celebrated each year.
2. The celebration <m an anniversary day.
AB'no-tato (-tit), v. t,&i. [L. annotare^ -iattu; ad
inoiare to mark.] To explain or critidxe by notes. —
I'BO-ta'tloii, n. — An'&o-ta'tor, n.
AB-nono (tMMiWtt), Ar-BOttO (iir-nSt'td), n. A
red dyeing material, for coloring cheese, butter, etc.
Ab-BOUIM' (-nonni^ v. /. [L. ad -\- nuntiare to
report.] To give notice of. — AM-naanot^mimt, n.
Syn. — To Publub ; Avmovhcb ; Pboclaim ; Pbomcl-
•ATB ; make known ; herald ; declare. — We publUh what
we give openly to the world. We announce what we de>
riare by anticipation, or make known for the first time.
W ) proclaim any tiling to which we give the widest pub-
lictty. We promulfftue when we proclaim more widely
what has before been known by scune.
As-BOy' (Sn-noiQi v. t [F. ennuyer^ tr.Jj.in odio in
hatred.] To disturb l^ continued or repeated acts.
Syn.— To molest; vex; trouble; pester; embarrass.
AB-BOf'ailM (-ons), n. An annoying; vexation.
An'Bn-fll (In^-ol; 40), a, [L. annualis, fr. annus
year.] X. Pertaining to a year ; returning every year ;
happening once in the year ; yearl v. 2. Performed in
a year. 3* Lasting only one growing season, ^n. 1.
A thiiw happening vearly ; a work puUished once a year.
2. A plant lasting but one season. — Anlm-al-ly, adv.
AB-B1l1-tailt (in-nu^-tont), n. One who receives, or
b entitled to receive, an annuity.
Ab-BB1^ (-tj^), n. [LL. annuiUu, fr. L. annus.}
A yearly allowance of money.
AB-nsl' (-nfilO. v.t. [L. od to + nuttum nothing.]
To reduce to nothmg ; to do away with.
8jn.— See Abolxsr.
ABlm-ljr (fc/tt-ttr), An'mi-U-ry (it-rf ), o. [L.
anmdaris. fr. annulus ring.] Pertaining to a ring;
ringed ; ring-shaped. — All'llll-lArl-ty (-U^Hf-ty), n.
Aa'BII-lat (-Wt), n. [L. annulus.) 1. A UtUe ring.
2. A small, flat fillet, encircling a column, etc
AB-lUd'Hiailt (Sn-nliI'ment), n. An annulling.
Aa^n-lOM' (kn'ft-lSy ), a. U ivhig rings ; ringed.
AB-Bim'ol-ato (In-ufin'shTit), v. t. [L annuntiare.
See AjraoimaL] To announce.
An-Bon'ol-a^tlOll (-sT-rshBn or -AhT4E'shfin), n. L
An announcing; proclamation. 2. The announcement
of the Incarnation to the Virgin Miry ; festival (March
25th) of that announcement ; Lady Day.
AB-mui'Ol-ft'tflr (-shT-S^tSr), n. [L. annunHalor.l
1. One who announces. 2. An indicator (as in a hotel)
which designates the room where attendance is wanted.
Aa^O^yna (In'A-din), a. [Or. ArwdvMK free from
pain; ay priv. 4- Uvn| pain.l Serving to assuage pain.
— n. A medicine to allay pain ; anything soothing.
A-aollIf (i-nointOi v- t- [L. in + uuffert to smoar,
anoint.] 1. To rub over with oil or an unctuous sub-
stance. 2. To apply oil to or p(mr oil upon, etc., esp.
for consecration. — A-nolBf er, n. — A-ndBtlMllt, n.
The Lord's AnolBted, Christ or the Messiah.
A-nom'a-Usm (A-n5m'A-lTs'm), n. An anomaly.
A-nom'a-Ustlo (ITs'tTk), lo. IrreguUur ; departing
A-nom'a-Uatlo-al (-tT-kul), ) from common lulea.
A-Bflm'a-lOIUI (-l&s), a. [Or. avMMoAot irregular ; ^
priv. 4- htiaX&i even, bfiot same.] Deviating from a
general rule ; irregular. — A-nom'a-lous-br, adv.
A-nom'a-ly (-13^), n. [Or. omm^iuiAmu] Deviation from
the common rule ; irregularity ; anything anomalous.
A-non' (•n5n'), adv. [AS. on in -f- on one.] 1. Soon ;
in a little while. 2. At another time ; then ; again.
Bvsr sad aaon, now and then ; frequently ; often.
A-lMn'lr-IIMNUI (-T-mOs), a. [Or. ay priv. + Sm^mi
] Nameless; of unknown or unavowed author-
ship. — A-nao^-moilS-ly, adv.
All-atll'er_ («n-fith'8r), pron,
A a. {An a, one 4-
second or additional one. 2.
3. Any other ; some one else.
[L. ansatuSf fr. ofua handle.]
[L., geeee.] A linnaan
other.} 1. One more;
Not the same ; different.
All'M-t6d(-st.t«d),a.
Having a handle.
II An'M-ras (-s^-rSs), n. pi.
order of aquatic birds, in-
cluding geese ducks, auks, ^
divers, gulls, petrels, etc.
An'ier-liM (-s8r-fn), a.
[L. anserinus, fr. anser
goose.1 Pertaining to, or
resembling, a goose, or the \
ddn of a gooee.
An'swor (b/sSr), r. /. 1
[AS. andswerian; and
against -f swerian to
swear.] 1. To speak or ?. ^»»*r «^'*7>/'«!^. ^*^
write in return to ; to reply rf*"*^*^". »»»• doroertie gooM.
to (a question, remark, etc.). 2. To refute, a To be
or act in response to. — r. i. 1. To reply. 2. To make
a satisfactory return ; to be responsible ; to make amends.
a To be or act in return. — n. 1. A reply to a charge,
quesUon, caU, address, etc. 2. Something done bi con-
sequence of something else. 3. A mathematical solution.
Oyn. — Reply ; rejoinder ; response. See Rkplt.
An'SWOr-a-Ue (-A-bl), a. 1. ObUged to answer;
liable to be oalled to account ; liable to pay or make
good ; accountable ; responsible. 2. Capable of being
answered or refuted. 3. Correspondent; comparable.
4. Proportionate; commensurate; suitable. —AnOnrw-
ft-ttto-jiMNi, n. — AB'sw«r-a-bly, adv. — ABOnrw-er, n.
AB't (int). A contr. for are not and am not : also used
for is not, '^ usually written ain't. [CoUoq. <ft Illit.]
Aat (Ant), n. [AS. eemeie.'] A hymenopterous insect
of the Limuean genus Formica ; an emmet.
ABt-«0lA (int-Ssad), n. [Pref. anti- 4- odd.} A
remedy for acidity of the stomach, as an alkali or absorb-
ent. — a. Counteractive of acidity.
AB-tacf^-Blm (In-tIg'ft-nTs*m), n. [Or. oyroywyt-
ofia ; ayri against -j- ayvv contest. J Oppotttion of action.
Aa-tag'O-BlSt, n. [Or. amayuytartk.} One who con-
tends with another. — AB-tac'O-Bte'tlO, a.
Syn. —Adversary ; foe ; competitor. See Adybrsabt.
AB-tag'^-Bln, v.t.&i. To oppose ; to countemct.
AB-td^jdo (-tSFjTk), a. [Pre!, anti- 4- Or. dUkyoc
pain.] Alleviating pain. i—n. An anodyne.
Aat-arotiO (Snt-&rktTk), a. [Or. oyropcrunk; ayn'
4- ifitcTOf bear. See ABcnc] Opposite to the northern
or arctic pole ; relating to the southern pole ; —applied
to a circle, distant from the polA 23^^ 28^.
ABt'ar-tlirltao (Snf Kr-thrTt^), a. [Pref. anti- 4-
afihritie.'} Counteracting or alleviating gout.— n. A
remedy against gout.
f Cm, reo«nt, dsb, r^de, f yll, Urn, food, fdbt, oat, oil, cliair, bo, sins, l||k, taaen, thin.
ANT-EATER
28
ANTIPATHY
Ant'-Mt'Cr (AnfSt^r), n. A tropicftl taAntai that
foeda upou anU.
AB't»«ta'«Bot ( in 'U-bU '«!!•), Aa'te-oed'ta-ey
(-«ii-«]^), n. The being antecedent ; priority
An^to-Otd'tnti a. [L. anUeederUt -entiStp, pr. of etn-
tecedere ; ante -f cedere to go. See Cbdb.] 1. Ooiugbe-
f ore in time : anterior. 2. Preaumptive.— n. 1. Tliat
which precedee. 2. pt. The earlier events of one*a life ;
previous conduct. 3. In grammar, the noun to which a
relative refers. 4. In mathematics, the first of the two
terms of a ratio. — An^te-Otd'tllt-ly, adv.
Syn.— Prior; preceding; previous: foregoing.
Aa'te-OM'tor (in'tl-aSs'feSr), n. IL., fr. aniectdere,
•cestunK} One who goes before ; a predecessor.
AntOHdUUnlMr Gchim^bSr), n. A chamber leading
into the chief Mtartment ; a lobby.
AM'tM-6aW (-dlt^)* n. Prior date ; a date before an-
other which is Uie actual date. — v. I. 1. To date before
the true time. 2. To precede in time. 3. To anticipate.
AB'te-Ol-ln'Tl^UI (•dT-m'vT-an). a. BeUting to the
period before the Deiuire in Noah^s time ; hence, anti-
quated.—^n. One who lived before the Deluge.
Ante-lope (-19p), n. [Or. Av^^Ao^, -ovot.] A ruminant
quadruped, intermediate between deer and goat.
Aa'te-llie-rtai-eB (-mJ-rtda-on), a. [L. ante +
meHdianus belonging to noon. See Mbbioun.] Being
before noon ; pert, to the forenoon. (Abbr. a. m.)
Alfte-IBlllI'dAlie (-mOn^din), a. Occurring before
Ibe creation of the world.
An-ten'taa (in-tSn'ni), n. ; pi. -kas (-nS). [L., saU-
jard; NL., a feeler, horn of an ini>ect.] A movable,
articulated sense organ attached to the heads of insects
and Crustacea. In insects they are popularly called
konu or feelers.
Alfte-inipllal (-tt-nttp'shal), a. Preceding marriage.
MWtO-pu^lAaX (-pfaOcal), a. Pertaining to the time
before the Passover, or before Easter.
Ante-pest (-P*st), n. [Pref. ante- + L. pastus pas-
tore, food.] A foretaste.
An'te-prnnlt (•pS'nfilt), \n. [L. antepaenulti-
n Ante-pe-nnlH-me (-T-m&), \ ma antepenultimate ;
tmte -{-paene almost -f- fUtimns last.] The last syllable
of a word except two. — Ante-pe-nnlfl-mete, a. & n.
An-tetl-or (In-tS'rT-Sr), a. [L. ; compar. of ante
before.] Before ; prior. — An-te^rl-ori-ty (-5ra-ty), n.
Syn. — Antecedent ; previous ; former ; foregoing.
Anfte-noOl (in'tS-rfiom), n. A room before, or lorm-
ing an entrance to, another ; a waiting room.
Anthet-mlntlo (-thSl-mTn'tTk), a. [Pref. anH- -f Or.
IX^MVf, -(»#iK, worm.] Oood Mainst intestinal worms. ^
n. A vermifuffe. [written aSao anthelminthic.}
Anthem (in^thim), n, [Or. Ayrt^mt^ antiphon,
anthem ; hti over agahist 4- ^•^ voice.] A selection
from the Scriptures or litunryt set to sacred music.
AntlMT (SnthSi), R. [Or. h^p&^ flowery. it4fK
flower.] That part of the stamen con-
taining the poUen, for impregnation of
the ovary. — Afltner-tl, a.
AntlMr-irer-inui(-Tf'«r-fis),a. [An-
tker -4- -/erotu.] (a) Producing anthers,
as plants, {h) Supporting anthers, as
a part of a flower.
An-thei'O-jgJ (41i51'«-jy), n. [Or.
h4o)Myia,\ oj^of -f Kiytw to gather.] ApeUlou* Flower,
1. Orig., a collection of flowers. 2. A thowing
a n Anthera.
6ftFiUtnenU.
cdlectiou of poems or epigrams. —An'
tho-IOXtO-al (-th«-IBja.k/7l), a.
llAn'thO-Wa (Sn'thd-sS'A), n. pi. [NL., fr. Or.
ftvAK 4- i^ animal.] The class of Ccplenterata includ-
ing corals and sea nnemones. — An'thO-BO'tn, a. & n.
Antlira-Cite (Kn'thri-slt), n. [Or. ai^pa^, -auco«, coml.]
A hard, compact mineral coal, containing little bitumi>n,
and buminff with a nearly non-luminous flame. — An'-
tlm-dtlO (-sTtTk), a.
figure. 3. A grotesque trick. — r. i. To perfc
AnH-Glllilt (-tt-krist), n. A denier or op
Christ. —An'tl-Cllltetien (-krTs'chon ; 26), i
est. It supposes some ground for considering
as likely to napoen. Anticipate is, literally, t
forehand^ and denotes simply to take into the
AntlUO-poM (ftu'tlirft-poid), a. [Or. a»«pMvoc man -f-
)oiu ai-e.
I. Scieuce of
I'tkro-po-loC-
_ - - , . . ), n.
Anttaie-pe-mor'pillani (-p^-mdr'Js'm), n. [Or. «r-
tfpMvof -f Mop^i) form.] 1. Reprecentation of Deiiy
in human form, or with human attributes. 2. Ascription
of human characteristics to things not human.
PAn'tliro-Mpll'a-Sl (-pOf'M), n. pi. [L., fr. Or.
oyApMiroc -f- ^av«ir to eat. J Man-eaters ; caimibala.
An'thnKpopb'a-fy (-m, n. Cannibalism.
An'tio (in'tlk}, a, [Same as antiaue.] Odd ; ludi-
crous.—n. 1. A buffoon. 2. An odd device; fantastic
perform antics,
opponent of
, - j, a.
An-tlel-pete (-tTs^-pSt), r. /. [L. antidpare, -palurn^
to anticipate ; ante + capere to take.] 1. To do or Uke
before another ; to prevent by prior action. 2. To take
up beforehand, or before the proper thne. 3. To foresee
(a wish, etc) and do what is desired. 4. To foretaste.
Syn. -To Akticipatb: Expsct: prevent; obviate:
preclude ; forestall. — Of these words, expect is the strong-
est. It supposes some ground for considering the event
,.^ . . r--„ \f!lo take be-
,-, -- the mind as a
conception of the future.
An-Uo'l-petlon (pi'shttn), n. 1. An antici|)ating.
2. Previoua impression of what is to happen ; instiuctive
prevision ; foretaste. 3. Hasty notion.
Srn. — Preoccupation ; preclusion ; foretaste ; precon-
ception ; expectation : foresight ; forethought.
An-ttol-pe-Uye (-tTsa-pl-tTv), a. AnUcipating.
An-Uol-peter (-pS'tSr), n. One who anticipates.
An-Hol-pe-tO-ry (-pA-ts-ry), a. Of the nature of an-
ticipation.
An'H-Oirmo (in'tT-kll'mlks), n. A sentence in
which the ideas fall, or become leas strikins, at the close ;
— the opposite of climax. It produces a ridiculous effect,
Anm-oU'nel (kll'nal), a. [Pref. anti- + Or. xAu^tr
to incline.] IncUuing or dipping in opposite directions.
— n. The crest in whlcli strata slope in opposite directions.
An'tl-€On-ta'glfnui (-kBn-tS'jtts), a. Opposing or de-
stroying contagion.
Anli-dOte C-dSt), n. [Or. arriSorov (sc. ^pftoKw) ;
AKTi 4 Ji^iii'at to give.] A remedy to counteract poison
or other evil. — An'tlHda'tal, An'ti-4ot'io-tl (-dSff-kal),
a. — Antl-do'ta-ry (-dS'tA-ry ), a. & n.
Syn. — Remedy ; counteraction ; preventive.
An'tl-feltttte (-fSnirTl), a. & ». Febrifuge.
An^tl-fllollen (-frTk'shOn), a. Something to lessen
friction. ^ a. Tend ing to lessen friction.
An'tl-mo-nar^olllO (-mft-niirOcTk), i a. Opposed to a
An'ti-mo-nar'olllO-el (-kT-kal), f monarchy.
An'tl-mo'nl-el (-mS'nl-^z^), a. Pertaining to, or con-
taining, antimony. ^ n. A preparation of antimony.
Antt-mo-ny (-m^-ny ; 28), n. [LL. antinionium.} A
tin-white, brittle, metallic element, easily fused, used in
medicine and in many alloys, as type metal.
An'ti-notnl-An (-nO'mT-an), a. Pertaining to the An-
tinomians or their doctrine, ^n. One who maintains
that, under the gospel dispensation, the moral law is of
no obligation, but that faith alone is necessary to salva-
tion. — An'tl-no'ml-en-Inn, n.
An-tln'0-my (In-tTn'^-mJ^), n. [Or. ovrtfOfAia ; inrri
against -|- v6fii}K law.] 1. Opposition of one rule to an-
<^her. 2. An opposing law or rule ; a contradiction or in-
compatibility of thought or language. [or to popery. I
An'ti-pe'pel (tu'tT-pi'poI), a. Oppotw>d to the pope)
An-Up'a-tliy (In-tTp'A-tliy), «. [Or. atmndBtia;
arrC ■}- waBtif to suffer. S«»e rATHoa.] 1. Contrariety
iu feeling ; distaste. 2. Natural repugnancy of quali-
S, 8, 1, 5,0, long ; A, «, I, «, O, y, short ; soUUe, 3vent, tdM, 6bey, Unite, cftre, iinn, Ask,|^flnaU
ANTIPATHETIC
29
APEX
tiet ; — qppo<ed to sympathy. — An't
pA-thitak), AB'tt-pt-thatlo-al, a.
Sjn. — Hatred ; areralon ; dislike :
-. An'tl-pft-tlMl'lO (in'tT-
8711. — Hatred ; areralon ; dislike : diaguat ; distairte
niMigoaDee; oootnuriety ; oppoaitioo. See DtSLiuM.
AB'tl-pldo-Cla'tIO (In^tT-dft-jtft'tTk), a. Counteraot-
inff inflammattou. — n. Antiphlogistic medicine or diet.
Aatl-rtwn (fc/tl-flto), n. r ' "
l] 1. A musical response.
[Or. iyrM^Mva. See An-
e. 2. A verse said before
and after the psalms.
As-^^^-BAl iHartXfft-nal), a,
ooj.'^n, A book of antipbons or anthems.
Aatti-pbtOBB (-tT-f8u), n. The responst
aide of the choir makes to the other in a chant
Pertaining to antiph-
jdthems.
The response which one
Aa'tf-pkonle (-fteak), a. Antiphonal.
AB-ttpv»-llT (-tlfft-nj^), fi. A musical response ; an
anthem song alternately in two parts.
B AB-tiBlmi-«te (-tTf'ri-sTs), n. [L., fr. Or. ami^pw-
e«f, f r. arr»4p^^«(y to express by negatlou.] Use of
words in a sense opposite to their proper meaning. —
An'tl-plixartlo (Su'tT-frib'tTk), An'ti-plmittlo-al, a.
AB-ap^O-Oal (-tTp^-dal), a. 1. Pertaining to the an-
tipodes; situated on the opposite bide of the globe.
2. Diametrically opposite.
An^-pOd* (in^T-pOd), n. One of the antipodes;
anything exactly opposite.
An-t^O^M (-tI|/MSz), n. [Ia pIm fr. Or. iyri-
vov« with the feet opposite ; avri + vovf, voMc, foot.]
1. Thoee who live on the opposite side of the globe.
2. Things exactly contrary.
AlKti-POpe (Sn'tT-p9p), n. A claimant to the papAcy
in opposition to the pope canouically chosen.
AaH-tUOtk-rj (-kwt-rj^), a. [L. antiqiiarius^ fr. an*
tiquus ancient. See Awtiquk.] Pertabiiug to antiquity,
—a. One devoted to study of ancient times through
their relics.— Aa'tl-Olialrl-An (Sn'tT-kwi'rT-an), a. A
n. — An'tl-ana'M-Aii-tsm (-Tz*m), n.
An'tl-qilAta (-kwit), v. t. To make old, or obsolete ;
to make void ; to abnwate.
Anli-qmft'tad (-kwa'USd), a. Orown old ; out of use.
Syn. — Ancient ; old ; antique ; obsolete. See AJicmrr.
An-tlqiM' (in-tik'), a. [F., fr. L. antiquuM^ fr. ante
before. Cf. Airnc.] 1. Old; ancient; of old fashion.
2. Odd ; fantastic [In this sense, written antic.'\ »n.
Anvthing verv old ; a relic or object of ancient art ;
ooliectively, the antique, the remains of ancient art.
9yn. — Ancient ; antiquated; obsolete; antic; old-
fashioned ; old. See AHcmT.
Anrnmirtw (-tTk'wT-tj^), n. 1. Oreat age. 2. An-
cient times ; former ages. 3. People of ancient times.
An-tlS'ObUlft (-tTsh'ansX i n. pi [h. antiseH, Or. iv^
II An-tto'Oi-i (-tTshT-I), I rtVicioi, pi. ; Mn( -f vkU
shadow.] Persons living on different sides of the equa-
tor, whose shadows at noon are oast In opposite directions.
ia'tt-wrtelor-Al (in'tT-skrlp'tttr-al), a. Opposed
to the Holy Scriptures.
Aaft^-wiffllC (-sSp^Tk), a. Counteracting putrefac-
tion, —n. A substance which prevents putrefaction, or
destrojrt putrefactive organisms ; as, aalt, carbolic acid,
akjohol. cinchona. [-^n. Opposition to alavery.
AafdiotL'rm'r (-sllv^r-y), a, opposed to sUvei^.
Aa'tt-VM-modlO (-spKs-mSdnrk), a. Oood against
apasms — ». A medicine to allay convuMons.
An'tl^MS'tlO (-apCs'tTk), a. [Or. ivri<nriumic^.]
•.An. Antispasmodic.
I Aa-tto'tro-plM (-tTs'trft-fS), n. [Or. Ayrurrpo^^ ; iLrW
+ 9Tp«i^civ to turn. See Bnom.] 1. In ancient lyric
poetnr, part of a song or dance altematinir with a stania
called the strophe. 2. In rhetoric, n^petition of words
in inverse order. — All'tl-Stroplllo (In'tT-strOf^k), n.
AB-tltb'*«iS (In-tTth'l-sTs), n. [Or. lmV«<ri« : itm.
+riMMu to set.] 1. Opposition of words or sentiments
fai the same sentence. 2. Contrast. — AB'tl-tlMtIO
(-tMlt^k), AB'tl-tlMtlO-al, a.
AnH-t^rpe (Kn'tT-tIp). n. [Or. ArrCrvnot of correspond-
ing form ; htrC -\- nhrof type, figure.] That of which the
type is the representation ; the counterpart to a type. —
AaftirtfT/lMd ntn'tT-tTpq-kal), a.
AntW (Kutn«r),n. [OB. attntelere, P. andomiUer;
L. <mte before -f ocutus eve.] The horn, or branch of the
horn, of a cervine animal, as of a stag.
II A-HQ^ (l^nu'rA), n. pi. [NL., fr. Or. i» priv. -f
oifftd. a tail.] An amphibian having no tail, as a frog or
toad. [Written also anoura.'} —A-muftVOM (-rfis)t a.
UA'nilB (fn&s), n. [L., prob. for asnus; cf. Or.
j)oi9cu to ait.] The posterior opening of the alimentary
canal, through which excrements are expelled.
An'Tll (in'vTl), n. [AS. an/Uf.] An &on block, upon
which metals are hammered and shaped.
Anx-l'e-ty (Sn-sFt-tj^), n. [L. anxietast fr. auxius.
See Airxious.] 1. Solicitude respecting some future or
uncertain event. 2. Bager desire.
Syn.— Care : solicitude : foreboding ; disquietude ;
trouble ; apprehension ; restlessness. See Cabs.
Anxious (ink'shOs), a. [L. anxius, fr. ongere to
cause pain, chc&e. See Ajtobk.] 1. Full of anxiety or
disquietude; being in painful suspense. 2. Causing
anxiety. — AnxlOIUI-ly, adv. — AllZ'tolUhllMW, n.
Syn. — S<^icitous; careful; uneasy; onquiet; rest-
less; concerned; disturbed; watchful.
Afny (Sn'y), a. A pron. [AS. Bnig^ fr. in ona. See
OiTB.] 1. One ont of an indefinite number, or whatstK
ever it may be. 2. Some, of whatever kind, quantity,
or number ; often used ss a pronoun, the person or thing
beiuff understood ; anybody ; anvone ; (pi.) any persons.
-modv. To any extent ; in any degree ; at all.
A'O-rtet (I^-rTst), n. [Or. lUpMTOs indefinite ; I priv.
+ hoiOiw to define, op<K limit.] A Oreek tense^ expres»>
ing indeterminate past time.
A-orOa (t-dr'ti), n. [Or. iopr^, fr. ^ipctr to Uftl
The great artery carrying blood from the heart to all
parts of the body except the lungs.— K-OftMl^ A-iV'tlOt a.
A-pMNi' (i^pis'), adv, [Pref. a- -f- paee.'\ With k
quick pace ; quick ; fast ; speedily.
Ap'a-KfKn (Sp'l^gyjS), n. [Or. Aira^wyif a leadiu''
away; a»4 from -{- ay«iv to lead.] An indirect arnunent
which proves a thing by showing the impossibility or
absurdity of the contrary. — Ap^ft'gOff^ (-gSJTk), Ap'-
A-gOffltHa, a.
A-part' (^pKrtO, adv. VF. h part ; h{lj.ad)-\- pari
part.] 1. Separately; adde. 2. In a state of separa-
tion or distinction; independently. S. Aside; away.
4. In two or more parts ; asunder ; to pieces*
A-muftaMtt, n. [F. appnrtement / f r. L. ml -f pars,
partis^ part.] 1. A room. 2. A set or suite of rooms.
Ap'a-tlMno (Ip'i-thStmE), ) a. Void of feeling ; in-
Ap^a-theMo-aK-T-kal), f different.
Ap^a-tldst (Sp'ArthTst), n. One destitute of feeling.
Ap'A-tlqr (-tby), n. [Or. avdCicid ; I priv. +irdi0bt, fr.
wa$0t» to suffer. See Pathos.] Want of feeling ; pri-
vation of passion, emotion, or excitement.
Syn.— Insensibility; indlfferenoe ; unconcern; stoi-
cism ; suirfneness : sluggishness.
Ape (ip)* n. [AS. apa.] 1. A kind of monkey, hav-
ing teeth like man, and neither cheek pooches nor tall.
2. One who imitates servilely. •— r. t. To mimic, as an
ape Imitates human actions.
A-pMk' (i-p8kO« odr. A a, [Pref. a- + peak.l In a
vertical line ; perpendlculariy. [Spelt also apeek.']
A-pe'rt-Mlt (A-pVrT-ent), a. [L. nperiens ; ah -{-parire
to produce.] Oently opening the boweU.*—». Laxative
medicine or food.
Al^^er-tvr* (Sp'Sr-ttr ; 40), n. [L. apertura^ fr. ape-
1. An opening ; a gap, cleft, or chasm ; a hole,
diameter of the exposed part of the object glass
of a telescope or other optical instniment.
A-pet'al-OOS (A-p«t'ol.nii), a. [Pref. a- not + petal."]
Having no petals. [See Illust. under AirmoL]
A'pix (i'pSks), n. [L.] Tip, top, point, or atnnmit.
Ap'er-tv
rirA 1.
2. The difl
fSm, recent, 6rt, r^de, fyll, ten, ftfbd, fdbt, oat, otl, cbair, so, sins, iQk, then, thin.
APHASIA
30
I A-lkaM-tL Ck-tVMM-k), \ n. [Or. l^mtrU, fr. I prir.
i$P;iy(if>i^), } + ♦db^i to gpemk.] Lo«
of power to sp6«k, or •pply words, the TOcal orgmns and
inteUigaooe being prMenred. - A-pka'llO (^fl'sTk), a.
A^^lflS (^fV'/fin or -fSaf^), n. [Or. «iro +
iXuK ran.] Point of a planet's or comet^s orbit moat
aistant from the sun ; — the opposite of periheiion.
0 A'pUfl iVfii), n, ; pi. Aphidis (SlT-dSs). FNL.]
A geniu of iuaecta, Including pUnt lice and green fUea.
f A-phO^Jll-a (^lO'uT-i), I n. [Or. i^^rio, fr. &^mw
Aplr^^y (if^-uj^), ] ▼oiceleiia;dpriv. +^Mni
▼oioe. J Loea of voice or Toeal atteranoe.
A|^0-llim (Ifft-rTs'm), n. [Or. a^optou^ deflni>
tiou, a pithy sentence, fr. a^t^cir to lUArk off by limits,
to define ; air6 from + hpi^9^v to separate.] A compre-
hensive maxim expressed iu a few words. — Aph'lMWt,
fi. — Apll'^-Itello (-rTs'tTlc), Apll'»-Ite'll»«l, a.
Syn. — Axiom ; maxim : adage ; prorerb ; apothegm ;
aaymg ; saw ; truism ; dictum. Bee Axiom.
Aj^lhOOf (-thSng), A. [Or.«^«oyyiKsUent:ipriT.
4- i^offOi Toioe, fr. ^tf^yyto^oi to sound.] A letter,
or oombi nation of letters, employed in snelJing a word,
but not sounded, -r ABh-tkOB'gal (-thSipgfrl), a,
Apk'fl-lOM (if m-Ifis or 4-fmds), a. XOr. «^<
ii pnv. -f- ^AAoi' leaf.] Destitute of leaves.
A'pl-A-ry (i'pT-t-rj^K n, [L. apiaWttm, fr. apU bee.]
A i^ace where bees are kept ; a beehouse.
P Avl«M (ipnr-sSs), n., pi. of Apbz.
A-fllMt' (A-p«0» odv. [Pref. «- + piect.^ Rach l>y
itself ; by the single one ; to each ; as the share of each.
U A'Bit (i'pTs), n. [L., bee.] A genus of hisecU of
the oroer Hymenoptera, including the honeybees.
Apflall (ipTsh), a. Having the Qualities of an ape ,*
prone to servile imitation ; fantastically silly ; trifling.
n A'plomb' (i'pldirO* "• CF-> Ut., perpendicuUrfty ;
<k to -f plomb lead.] Assurance ; self-possession.
A-MO'ft-lypM (t-p«k'4rltps), n, [Or. AwoicdAw^t. fr.
kmi 4- KoJwwrtw to conceal.] 1. The revelation deli v.
ered to St. John, the last book of the New Testament.
S. A disclosure. — A-poo^ft-lypHo (ITp^tTk), a,
A-poO'O-pftte {-t'ltx), V. t. [LL. apocopattUj p. p. of
apoeopart to cut off. bee Arooops.] TO cut off or drop
(the Ust letter, syUable, or part of a vrord).
II A-poo'O-pe (-P*), n^ [L., fr. Or. hnt^ a cutting
oflf, f r. i»o<e*»T«ty to cutoff ; d»rf 4- ttimrnuf to out.] Omis-
sion of the last part of a word.
A-pOO'tT-plUI (-rT-f i), n. pi. [Or. airimpiv^ sporions,
fr. air6 -\- KpvTTvtr to hide.] Books received by some
Christians as an authentic part of the Holy Scriptures,
but rejected by others.
A-pOO'tT-pBal (-fal), A. 1. Pertaining to the Apoc-
rypha. 2. Hot canonical ; of doubtful authority ; false.
Ap'ad (ip^), ) a. 1. Without feet. 2. Desti-
Ap^O-did (-A-dal), I tute of the ventral fin, as the eelp.
Ap^ad (Sl>5d), I n. [Or. Jirovf, a»o<oc. footless ; a
Ap'Od* (ip'M), i priv. + irovf, vo&k. foot.] An
animal having no feet or footlike organs.
1 Ap^04«l(-<-dSs), n. />/. [NL. See Avon A.] (a) An
order of fishes without ventral fins, including eels. (6)
A group of holothurians lacking suckers.
llA-pod'<HdS (i-pSd'ft-sTs), fi. [Or. iiMwm^ fr.
iiw6 + M^a», to give.] The consequent clause in a con-
ditional sentence, expressing the rem//, distinguished
from the protasis expressing a eondition.
Ap'O^OOS (ftp't-dl&s), a. Apodal ; apod.
Ap'a-fM {-iify n. [Or. air^youK from the earth ; lw6
-f- Yi CMTth.] 1. Point in the moon^s orbit most distant
from the earth. 2. Highest point ; culmination.
A-ptfl'».f«tl0 (A-p91'«-j«taV), la. Said bv wav of
. _^. j.^. .- r w , .V J apology; defenuve.
That branch of theology
whicK defoids the' Holy Scriptures, and sets forth the
evidence of their divine authority.
A-pOl'0-glM ('Ju), v* t 1. To make an apology or
A-pd'O-fttlo^ (J-kal),
A-ptf^0-g«t1OI (-Tks), n.
defei
APOTHEOSIZE
2. To make
fault, with expression of
(i-jrfU'ft-JTst), A-pol'o^s
to aoknowladfe a
regret for it. — A-yol'o-glst
l»'*-lb|PM(lp^-10ff%ii. lQr!awij!!^;iM4-^k6y9^
speech, Ktvtir to speak.] A story intended to oonvey
some moral truth ; a moral fable.
A-pol'*-nr (^p01^jy)« n. [Or. AiroAoyuu] 1. Some-
thing said In defense of what appears to othera wrong;
Justification. 2. An acknowledgment in atonement for
M>me injurious act. 3. A substitute ; a makeahift.
Ap'opll-tlMfm (Kpf*-th«m), ;i. Apothegm.
Ap'^-ptootlO (-pUktTk), a. Relating to apoplexy;
affected with, or symptoniatio of, apoplexy, ^—n. One
affected with apoplexy. ~ Ap'^-plM^tM^d, a.
Ap^O-ylaX'y (-plSks^), n. [Or. avovAin^to, fr. vro-
irAi^^vctr to cripple by a stroke; iiw6 + irAif«ra«iy to
strike.] Sudden loss of consciousness, sensation, and
voluntary motion, from pressure on the brain, or effusion
of blood into the rabstaooe of the lungs <»> other oigan.
A-porf (4-p5rt0, adr. [Pref. a- -}- porl.} On or
towaids the port or left aide ; — said of the helm.
A-pO0lft-sy (-p«a^t4-ft3^), n. [Or. &w9orwia a defec-
tion, fr. siraaT^rai to revolt; aw6 -f- miiitmi to stand.]
Abandonment of what one has voluntarily profeased ; de-
sertion from one*s faith, principles, or pu^.
A-poaOat* (-ttt), n. [Or. a««<rr«Tivc, fr. JLso<ri^«t.]
One who baa forsaken hia faith, prindplea,. or paity ; a
pervert ; a renegade. -»a. Faithless to moral alleffiauce.
A-poattrtlM (-t4>tis), V. L To foraake one's church,
prindples, or party.
A-poa'la-Biata (-t^mit), v. i. To form an apocteme
or abscess. — A-MNrta-matlOB, n.
Ap^ea-tOTM (i£'Qs-tSm),ii. [Or. awivr^/iaL, fr. ovo-
mMu to stand off.1 An abeceia.
A-poaHa (i-pQe^i'n, n. [Or. iw69roiMt messenger ;
airtf-f w^^fu'tosend.1 One sent forth ; s messenger ;
one of the twelve disciples of Christ sent forth to f reach
the gospel. — A-paa'tta-ablp, A-poa^»4Ata, «».
Ap'aa-tOl1a(lp'9s-t8KTk5, la. [Or. iiwovroXucit.'l
Ap'aa^allo^ (-T-kdl), f l. Pertaining to nn
apostle, or to the apostlea, their times, or their peculiar
mirit. 2. According to the doctrines of the apostles.
3. Pertaining to the pope or the pi^iacy ; papaL
Ap'aa-tOl^-aiam (-T-eTi*m), in. state or quality
A-poa'ta-lld-ty (-t«-lTsT-t j^), } of being apostclical.
A-poatra-pha (i-rSa'tr^-f «), n. [L., fr. <ir. avo^po^
a turning away, fr. an6 + irrpi^u' to turn.] 1. A rl>e-
torical t^poin by which the orator breaks off from his
discourse, and addresses some person or thing, absent or
present. 2. Cmitraction of a word by omitting a letter
or lettera. 3. The mark ['] used to denote that a word is
contracted, also as a sign of the possessive. — Ap'aa-
tiopklo (tp'Qs-trSfTk), a.
A^aa'tro-phlaa (i-pSs'trft-fls), v. t. l. To addreas
by apostrophe. 2. To contract by omitting letters ; to
mark with an apostrophe (*). ^^ v. <. To use the rhetor-
ical figure called apostrophe.
A-patll'a-oa-ry (-p«th'*-kt-ry), n. [li. apothecnHn*,
fr. L. apotheca storehouse. Or. as«^^, fr. avonMvoA
to put away ; aw6 -\- TiB4rat. to put.] One who prepares
and sells drugs or medicinal compounds ; a drugfriet.
Ap'a-tliani I (Sp'^-^bSm), n. rOr. air^^«ry|Mi
^aph-Uagm l thing uttered, fr. ast>4«^yvca#at to
spMK out ; «ur^ -f- ^rfyytgtfau to speak.] A abort and
instructive sajring ; a sententious maxim. — Ap'a-thaff*
maMo (-thSg-mitOk), Ap'a-thaf -maMfr^l, a.
Ap^a-tham (-thCm), n. [Or. aw6 + Mm« that which is
placed, Ttfitrat. to place.] The perpendicular from the
center to the side of a regular polygon.
Ap'a-tba'a-aiS (-thS'ft-BTR), n. [Or. amtfcM^K, fr.
iMofeovp to deify ; iw6 -f M^ a god.] 1. The elevating
a mortal to the rank of the gods ; deification. 2. Olor^
fication: exaltation.
^a-tlia'a-alaa (-sis), v. t. To deify ; to glorify.
R, 8, f , 3, «, long ; Ii, «, I, 5, 0, f, short ; senftte, <vent, tdsa, 6bey, Onite, cAre. Ilrm, Ask. nil, tlntsL
APPALL
31
APPLICANT
Ap-pall' (Ip-pftlOt V. /. [OF. appalir to p»le ; a (L.
ad) + pAU {Nde. J To depress or diaooarage with fear ;
to orercome with eudden terror or horror.
8711. — Bee D18MAT.
AfTftk-nm (Sp'P^titj), n. [F. apanage, fr. LL.
apanare to furnish with bread ; L. ad -|- pani* bread.]
i. Land assigned bv a sovereign priuoe to 8on>ort his
Sounger sons. 2. A dependency ; dependent territory.
i. A natund adjunct or accompauiment.
A^pft-ntVl (Sp'pi-ritlis), n. [L., f r. apvarare, ap-
r-attim^ to prepare; ad + parare to make ready.]
Things inroTided as means to some end. 2. A set of
imidemeuts or utensils ; macliinerv; mechanism. 3. A
ooUection of bodily on^ans uniting in a common function.
Ap-pu'tl (Sp-pSr^l), ft. [F. appareil preparation,
furniture, OF. a (L. ad) -(- pareil like, similar, fr. L.
par equaL] Bxtemal clothing, habiliments, or array. —
v.t, 1. To dress or clothe; to attire. 2. To deck ; to
embellish.
8711.— Drees; clothing; resture; garments ; raiment ;
garb ; costume ; attire ; habiliments.
Ap-pw'tllt (•ptr'ffut), a. [F., fr. L. appnren*, -enii*^
p. pr. of apparert. See Amjim.] 1. Capable of being
seen. 2. Clear or manifest to the understanding ; {Mdpa-
ble. 3. Appearing to the eye or mind (distmguisbed
from, but not necessarily opposed to, true or rtal)\
seeming.
8jm. — Visible ; distinct ; plain : obvious ; clear ; cer-
tain ; erident ; manifest ; indubitable ; notorious.
Ap-pWent-lT, adv. L Plainly ; clearly ; evidenUy.
2. Beoninffly ; in appearance.
Ap'pft-ntlOB (Sp'p4-rTsh'Bn), n. [F., fr. L. apparUio,
fr. apparere.} 1. Appearance. 2. A visible object ; a
form. 3. A wonderful or preternatural appearance ; a
ghost ; a phantom. 4. The first appearance of a star or
other luminary after having been obecured ; — opposed
to oceuUation. — Ap'M-ll'tloil-tl, a.
Ap-p«rl-tor («p-p«ra.t8r), n. LL., fr. apparert.^ A
meaaen^r or officer serving a process of an ecclesiastical
court.
Ap-peaF (-pOO* t'- '• [I* appellare to approach, call ;
akin to appellert to drive to ; ad -f- peUere to drive.] (a)
To apply for the removal of (a cause) from an inferior
to a superior judge or court for a rehearing or review.
(b) To accuse.— V. i. 1. To apply for reexamination
of a cause by a superior judge or court. 2. To call upon
another to decide or for Md.— ». 1. (a) Application
for reexamination or rerlew of a cause. (6) Right of
appeal, (e) An accusation. 2. A summons to answer
to a charge. 3. A call for proof or decision in one*s fa-
vor ; reference to another as witness ^ call for help or a
favor ; entreaty. 4. Act of resorting to something as a
means ; recourse. — Ap-pMl'a-U«, a,
Ap-pMZ' (-pSrOf V. «. [L. apparere to appear ; ad 4-
parire to oome forth.] 1. To come or be In sight. 2.
To come before the public 3. To stand before some au-
thority or superior person, to answer a chwge, plead a
cause, etc 4. To become obrlous or manifest. 6. To
seem ; to look.
Syn.— SeeSmf.
Ap-pMl^aiUM (-ons), n. 1. An appearing or coming
into sight. 2. A thing seen; phenomenon. 3. Personal
Sresenoe; look. 4. SembUnoe; external show. pi.
utward signs or circumstances, fitted to make a partic-
ular impression or to determine the judgment. 6. An
appearing in a particular place, or coming before the
puuic in a particular character.
Syn, — Coming ; arrival ; presence ; semblance ; pre-
tense ; air ; look ; manner ; mien : figure : aspect.
Ap-pOMf (lp-p««0» V. I. [F. apaiser^ fr. ft (L. arf)
■f paix (L. pax) peace. ] To quiet. — Ap-DMS'a-llie, a.
- Ap-ptSM'llMm, n. - Ap-p«l'^ (-pi'rfv), a.
Syiu— To pacify : quiet: conciliate; propitiate ; as-
suage ; eompoee ; calm ; allay ; hush ; lull ; soothe ;
tianquiUse.
Ap-MlOailt (Sp-pSinant), a. [L. appellatu, p. pr. of
appeiUtre. See Afphal.] Relating to an appeal ; appel-
late. «> n. One who appeals or .entreats
Ap-pOllAt» (-Itt), a. Pertaining to, or takhig cogui-
Ap^tl-ljltlon (Sp/pei la'ahOn), n. [L. appellatio, fr.
aMtUare.'] Name of a particular person or thing.
oyn* — See Namb.
Ap-MlOA-ttT* (-peVM-tTv), a. [L. appellaHvuM, fr.
appeliare,'] 1. Pertaining to a common name ; deuoml-
native 2. In grammar, common, as opposed to proper;
denominative of a class. » n. 1. A common name,
standing for a whole class, genus, or species of beings, or
for universal ideaa. 2. An appellation or title ; a de-
scriptive name.
Ap'pOl-lM' (Ip'pn-iy). »• [F. appeik, p. p. of ap-
peier, fr. L. appeUart.'\ (a) Tlie defendant iu a legal ap-
peal ; — opposed to appeliant. (6) One Mpealed against,
or accused of crime ; — opposed to appellor.
Ap'pOl-lor' (-16K), n. [OF. apeleur, f r. L. appellator,
fr. appellare.^ (a) One who institutes a legal appeal, or
prosecutes another for a crime, {jb) One who confesses
a felony committed and accuses his accomplicea.
Ap-paod' (-pSnd'), V. t, [L. appendere ; ad-\- pendere
to hang.] 1. To hang or attach to. 2. To add ; to annex.
Ap-paod'Aga (-tj)f n. 1. Something appended to a
greater thing, though not neoessarv to it 2. A subor-
dinate part ; an external organ or limb.
Syn. — Addition ; adjunct ; ccmcomltant.
Ap-panA'ant (-^nit), a. Hanging ; annexed ; adjunct ;
conoondtant. — n. Ajaything attached to another as in-
cidental, or subordinate to it.
Ap-pMl'dlz (-pSu'dTks), n. [L. appendix, -diets, fr.
appendere. See Appbmd.] 1. Something appended or
added ; an appendage or adjunct ; a concomitant. 2.
Literary matter added to a book, but not essential to its
completeness.
Syn. — See Supplbmevt.
iM^ptr-UiB' (Kp'pSr-tiuO, V. i. [L. appertinere; ad
-f pertinere to reach to, belong. S3e Pert aim.] To be-
long or pertain ; to relate.
Ap'pe-tMioe (Kp'p^tens), Ap'pd-taii-oy (-ten-«y), n,
[F. appitenee, L. appetentia, f r. appelere to strive after,
long for ; od 4- petere to seek.] I. Strong desire ; natu-
ral craving; eager appetite. 2. An instinctive propen-
sity in animals to perform certain actions ; tendency of
an organised body to seek what satisfies the wants of its
organism. 3. Natural tendency ; affinity ; attraction.
Ap'pd-titt (-tit), n. [L. appetUuM, It. appetere."]
1. Strong longing ; desire for some personal gratification.
2. Desire for food or drink : huncer.
Syn. — Craving ; longing ; desire ; appetency ; passion.
Ap^pft-tiie (-tfs), r. t. To make hungry ; to whet the
appetite of. — Apipe-tt'Str. n.
Ap-pland' (Sp-plKdO« '*• '• & ^> [!<• applavdere ; ad
iplaudere to clash, to clap the hands. Cf. Explode.]
To i4»prove by clapping the hands, acclamation, etc
2. To commend. — Ap-pUnd'OT, n.
Syn.— To extol; commend; approve. SeePaADB.
Ap-pUue' (-plasO, R. An applauding ; marked com-
mendation ; approbation and praise publicly exprossed.
Syn. — Acclaim ; acclamation ; plaudit ; approval.
Ap-pUn'MTa (-plf/sTv), a. Approhative.
Miqfkb (Sp'p*!), n. [AS. mppei.'] 1. A tree of tem-
perate climates and its fleshy f niit. 2. The pupil (of the
eye).
Ap-pU'anoa (Sp-pll'ans), n. A thing applied or used
as a means to an end ; an apparatus or device.
Ap'pU-ca-Ua (tp^plT-k^-Vl), a. Capable of being ap-
plied ; fit to be applied ; relevant. — Ap^pU-ca-bU'l-ty,
Ap^-ca-blo-naaa, n. — Ap'pU-oa-bly, adv.
Ap'ptl-Oaitt (-kant), n. [L. opplicans, p. pr. of ap-
ptieare. See Apply.] One who applies for something;
one who makes request ; a petitioner.
tSm, recent, 6rb, r^de, f^ Urn, ftfbd, fdbt, out, oil, chair, so, sImb, iQk, then, thin.
APPLICATION
32
APPROXIMATE
AfpU^tlonCSp'pIT-kS'sbttii),!*. L An applying or
U/iug on. 2 Thii^( appU«d. 3. Enif^oynMnt of mouis
to acoomplUh mn tud ; SMciftc oae. 4. Relevancy. 6.
Aadduoua effort ; doee Mtention. 6. A request ; aolki-
tation.
y Av'yU'qil^ (i'pn'ktO, a, [F., fr. appliquer to put
on.] Ornamented with a pattern (cut out ox anotberatull)
applied or transferred to a foundation.
Ap-9iy (Sp-pUOt V- 1' ['• appliguery it. L. applieare
to attach to ; od -f plicare to fold.] 1. To adjuU (one
thing to another). 2. To use for a parUcular purpose ;
to devote. 3. To engage diligently ; to incline. — r. t.
1. To agree; to have some connection, agreement, or
analogy. 2. To request ; to solicit. 3. To address one's
self; to attend closely (to).
H JkP'VS'pMrWnL (ArpM/jl^t<R/ri), n. [It, fr. op-
poffffiare to lean ; ap- (L. <ul) + pogffiare to ascend.] A
pamng tone, in raosic, preceding an essential tone, and
forming no essential part of the harmony.
A»-ptiBf (Ip-polutOt V- <• [LL* appmnetareto fix the
Joints in an agreement ; L. ad-^pvnetum a point.] 1.
0 mark oat. 2. To fix by a decree or agreement ; to
Srescribe. S. To designate by aothority. 4. To equip ;
> fU out. 6. To direct or limit by law. •» v. i. To
determine; toarrange.— Ap-poiBfft-U«, a.
Ap-polBt-««^ (-polnt-«Ot *»• One appointed.
Af-pdaftaMBLii. 1. An appointing; designation to
office or trust. 2. Station ; position. 3. Stipulation ;
arrangemeut for a meeting ; engagement. 4. Decree ;
establfsiied order or ooaatttution. 6. Equipment ; furni-
ture ; outfit ; {pi.) aooooterments. 6. An honorary part,
as an oration, etc. , at a college exliibition. [U. ^.]
Syn. — Designation ; command: order: equipment.
J^por'tiOII (•pSr'shttn), r. t. [LL. apporiionarf, fr.
L. <uf + portio. See Portion.] To divide and assign In
just proportion ; to allot. — Ap-pOftlOB-MttBt, n.
Ap^pOHllta (-p^-zTt), <T. [L aptHmere^ -potitum^ to
put to; ad-{-p<mere to place.] Very appuoable; fit;
releTant; pat.
Ap^pfhSltlOB (-sTahtin), n. [L. appotitio^ fr. appo-
nere.'] 1. An adding; application; accretion. 2. A
patting tiUngs in juxtaposition, or aide by side ; a being
so placwd. 3. Stii^ of two noons or pronoims, put in the
lamf case, without a oonnectiiw wora between them.
Ap-pnub*' (-prEaQt »• '• (fnf. ad- + praise.
ApHuxb, Atprkiatb.] To set a value on ; to estimate.
— Ap-ynls'al, Ap-pralM^HMit, n. — Ap-pnUfl'er, n.
Ap-in'fli^-Ue T-prS'shT-i-b'l), a. Capable of being
apnraolated ; large enough to be estimated ; perceptible.
. r. /. [L. ff/>pfWiare,-a/wm, toan-
; ad -+- pretium price. ] 1. To set a price on. 2.
A9-pi«^al-at07-st)v
? raise ; ad -f pretium price.^ 1.' 'To set a price on.
o recogniae the worth of ; to esteem. 3. To increase
the marvet price of ; — - opposed to depredate. [ U. S. 1 4.
To be sensible of ; to distinguish. — v. i. To rise in value.
Syn.— To Apphiciatb: Bstihatb: Estbui. — Eati-
mate is an act of judgment. Esteem is an act of valuing
or prising. Appreciate lies between the two. As com-
pared with esrimote^ it supposes a nni<m of sensibility
with judgment, producing a nice and delicate perception.
As compared with ej^eem, it denotes a valuation of tnings
according to their distiuctiTe exccUenoe, and not simply
their moral worth. Appreciate is used in cases wliere
something might be overlooked or undervalued.
A^pfcA't/nm (Sp-prS'shT-i'sh&n), n. 1. Jnst val-
nation. 2. A rise in value ; — opposed to depreciation.
Av-wnfiArm-ikw (-4-tTv), Ap-pre'oMi-ta-ry i-^tt-rS),
a. Raving or showing jiiPt appreciation or perception.
Ap'pre-kMid' (kp'prl-hSiid'), V. t. [L. apprehendere ;
ad -f- prehendere to lay hold of ,prae before -f -hendere
(only in comp.) ; akin to E. get.! 1. To take or seise ;
to arrest. 2. To take hohl of with tite understanding ; to
understand ; to recogniae. 3. To anticipate, esp. with
pnxiety or fear, i— r. i. 1. To think ; to understand. 2.
To fear. - Ap^fT^-lM&C'Mr, n. — Ap^fT^-lMll'lI-bto, a.
8yn. — To AppswimxD ; Comprbrshd ; catch ; seise ;
arrest ; conceive ; understand ; imagine ; believe ; fear ;
dread. — Apprehend denotes the laying hold of a thing
mentally, so as to underhand it. Comprehend denoCea
the embracing it in aD its extent. We may apprehend
many trutlis which we do not comprthend,
Ai'vn-haafEktk (Ip'prt-hSu'shan), ». 1. A taking
hold of; sefsure. 2. A taking by legid process; arrest.
3. The grasping witli tlie mtellect; perception. 4.
Opinion ; conception ; idea. 6. Faculty by which ideas
are conceived ; understanding. 6. Anticipation ; dla*
trust or fear of some futnie evil.
Syii. — ArpMomisioir ; Alarm. — Apprehension springs
from a sense ot danger somewhat remote, but approach-
ing; alarm arises from danger near at hand.
Ap'pre-teB'ghr* (-sTv), a. L Capable of appreliend>
ing, or quick to do so ; apt ; discerning. 2. lUOating to
the faculty of apprehenskm. 3. Fearful of wliat may bo
coming; in expectation of eviL — Ap'pre-ll«l'M¥i4y ,
adv. — A^fr»>lMlKitT»-nMS, n.
Ap-pnn'tlM (kp-prfin'tTs), n. [F. apprenti, it. ap-
prendre to learn, L. appretidere.} One Wally bound to
another to learn a trade t>r art. » v. t. To oind to a maa>
ter, for instruction in a trade, etc
Ap-prsBtloe-alllp, n. 1. Condition of an apprentice;
state of one gaiirinc instruction in a trade or art, under
legal agreement. 2. Time an apprentice Is aerving.
Ap-J^iaa' (-pri»Ot ''• '• ['"'• f^PpriSf p. p. of €pprnutre.2
To give notice ; to inform ; — followed by qf.
Ap-pritn^, r. I. To appraise ; to value.
Ap-proacv (-prCchO, r. i. [OF. aprochier, fr. L. ad
■j- propiare to draw near, prope near. J 1. To come or
go near. 2. To make advances ; to approximate. «- r. i.
To come near or nearer to. — n. 1. A coming near. 2.
Accese. 3. pi. Movements to gain favor ; advances. 4.
A way by which to approach a place. — Ap-piMOh'a-U*,
a. — Ap-pftNudK^a-mt-iraw, n.
ApOpro-tMrta (ip^*-bit), r. /. To approve.
Ap'pro-lNltlOfI, n. [L. approbatio. See AmovB.]
An approving ;
9 propriety of a thing.
Htn, — Appbobatkhi ; Approval ; liking ; sanction ;
nting to the |
consent ; concurrence. — Approbation and appror<il Lave
the same general meaning, assenting to as good, sa
tloB ; but approbation is stronger and more positive.
Ay'pre-lNl-tlye («p'pr«.bt-tlv), o. Approving, or iaa-
plying approbation.
A'lfyro-ttL-tlY%-nmB, n. 1. The being approbativs.
2. In phrenology, love of approbation.
Ap'prtMM'ta-ry (-t^rj^), a. Containing or expresdng
approbation; commendatory.
Ap-pro'pft-Arbto (-prT-A-b'l), a. Capable of being ap-
proprMtecf to a particular use.
Ap-pnKpfi-«tli (-tt), a. [h. appropriare,-atum; ad
-f- propriare to appropriate, fr. propritu one's own.]
Set apart for a particular use <»- perscm ; fit ; proper. —
Ap-pro'Vcl^ita-nMS, n.
Ap-MO^prt^O (it). V. I. 1. To take to one's self ia
excluJon of others. 2. To assign to a particular per-
son or use. — Ap-pro^pri^tor (-S'tXr), n.
Ap-pn/prt-«t»-iy, adv. Fitly ; properly.
Ap-]inKpil-a'tiOIl, n. 1. An appropriation, or setting
apart to a particular use or person, or taking to one's
self, hi exclusion of others. 2. Anytiiing thns set apart.
Ap-nVpil-A-ttT* (-*-tTv), a. Appropriating.
Ap-FroT'a-M« («p-pr5bv>a.b'l), a. Worthy of being
approved; meritoiions.
Ap-proir'ftl (-al), n. Approbation ; sanction.
Syn, — See AppROBAnoii .
fOF. oprorer to approve,
}f>are to esteem as good,
prove.] ' 1. To make proof of ; to demonstrate ; to show
practically. 2. To sanction officially ; to ratify ; to con-
firm. 3. To commend ; to think well of. 4* To make
worthy of approbation or accept«mce.
Ap-prOZ^mata (-prSksT-mit), <7. [L. approrimare^
-mafum, to approach ; ad -{■ prorimare to come near.]
Ap-prOT0' (-priJov'), r. f. [OF
fr. L. approbare; ad -f probar
prove.] 1. To make proof of ; to
&, 8, 1, ?^ a, kmg ; ft, 6, 1, 5, fl, ft short ; sen&te, « vent, tdea, dbey, Onite, c4re, iirm, &sk, nil, finaL
APPROXIMATION
33
ARBOREOUS
1. Approaching; neariy reaembling. 2. Nearly exact;
not perfectly accurate. -» v. I. Ai. To approach.
AF-fnni-OUl'tlOB (Sp-prSka'T-mE'cbOn), n. 1. An
approach ; result of approximating. 2. Au approach to
a correct eatimate or calculation, or to a given quantity,
quality, etc 3. In mathematics, a continual coming
nearer to a result : a value nearly but not exactly correct.
Ap-nraal^BA-thrt (•mt^tTv), a. Approximate.
JS^ptilmB (Sp'pfils or Ip-pttlaOt Ap-pol'liOB (Xp-pfil'-
ahfin), ft. [L. appellere, -puUAm : ad-\- ptllere to drive. ]
A driving at running towards ; approach ; impulse ; a
fltxiking acainst.
A|^pllrt*-1UUIM (Ip-pdr'tl-nans), n. [LL. apparte-
mauia, fr. L. appertinere. 'See AmarrAiN. j That which
belongs to something else ; an adjunct, appendage, or ac-
eevory. — AB>p«^t«-lllUlt, a. An,
AlpH-OOlTi^prT.kSt), n. [Ar. albiroUg, L. praecox
early ripe. Bee Psioociout.] A fruit allied to the plum ;
the tree bearing this fruit. [of the year. I
A'^ (a'prll), n. [L. Aprilis.^ The fourth month |
April flbel, one sportively imposed upon on AprU 1st.
AlVOn (I'pttm or i'prOn), n. [OB. napran^ OF.
napemt^ L. mappa napkin. Bee Map.I 1. Something
worn OD the fore part of the body, to keep the clothes
clean or as a covermg. 2. A cover, boot of a carriage, etc.
Af'tO-pOS' (Xp^r^pS'), adv. & a, IF. h propot; h
(I* ad) -f propot^ L. propontum plan, purpose.] 1. Op-
portunely or opportune; seasonably or seasonable.
2. By the way ; to the purpose.
ApM (Spe), n. ; vt. ArUB (-aSz). [Bee Ann.] (a)
A projecting part of a church or other building having
a polygons! or semicircular termination. (6) The
bishop's seat in ancient churches.
V AifwU (Xp'sTb), ». ; pi. AP810I8 (-sT-dSs). [L. ; Or.
o^f , A^QUk, a tying, fastening, wheel,
bow, arch, fr. aurrrtv to fasten.] 1.
One of the two points of an orbit at
the greatest and least distance from
the central body, corresponding to the - — —
aphellQa and perihelion of a planet, or « ^ Apsldas.
apogee and perigee of the moon. 2. An apse.
Aft (Xpt), a. [L. apttu, fr. obs. apere to fasten, flt.]
1. Fit or fitted ; suitable ; appropriate. 2. Having a
tendency; likely; given; ready. 3. Especially fitted
(to do something) ; quick to learn ; expert.
Syn. — Fit ; meet ; suitable : qnallfliMl ; inclined ; dis-
posed ; liable ; ready ; quick ; prompt.
I Apn*-fm (Sp'tl-rA), n. pi. [NL., fr. Or. iwrtpos wing-
lass ; a priv. + eWpev wing.] Wingless inseota.
Apltr-«U (-tSr-lis), Apler-al (-al), a. Wingless.
Apn-tOd* (Sp'tT-tud}, a. [F. ; LL. aptitudo, it. L.
apihu. Bee Arr.l L Natural or acquired disposition,
capacity, or tendency; adaptation. 2. Readiness in
learainc; docility; aptness.
Aptly (Xpt^l^), adv. In an apt or suitable manner;
fitly ; pertinently ; appropriately ; readily.
AptniMHh n. 1. Fitness; appropriateness. 2. Dis-
pomion of the mind. 3- Quickness of apprehension;
readuieas in learning. 4. Proneneas ; tendency.
Ap'tOta (Xp^tSt), n. [Or. cumoroc indeclinable ; JL priv.
4- VTMT^ fallen, declined, ircirreu' to fall.] A noun
which has no distinction of cases ; an indeclinable noun.
l.'A'4IUl(X^w4),n. [L. Bee Ewbb.] Water.
Aqaa aOToiHa, the aqueous solution of ammonia;
often called aqua ammonta. — Aqas iBariae(m4-r?ii'). or
A««a ■aria»(mA-rT'n4).aquamarfiie. ~ i Aqua fortis (fur '-
tis) [L., strong water], nitric acid. — Aqua vita (vT't?)
[L., water of life), a name given to brandy and some
other ardent sjdrits.
A'QVa-flm-rtM' (S^liwArmArrSnO, n. Transparent p le
green variety of beryl,
A-qui^Om (4-kwX'rMlm). n. ; pi. E. AquARnrm
(-ami), L. AqvABiA (-4). [L., fr. aqua water.] A glass
tank, for living aquatic animals or plants.
Aqueduct.
A-quVlO (4-kwXtak), a. [L. aquaUcui.l FBrtalniiig
to water ; swimming in, or frequenting, water. — n. pi.
Sports practiced in or on the water.
A'VU-tlBt (mcwA^Tnt or Xk'w4-), \ n. [It. acgua
A'qOA-tlB'U (4^w4-tTn'U). ) tinia dyed wa-
ter ; aequa (L. aqua) water -f- Unto^ fern. Halo, dyed.]
An etching made on coimer by the use of aqua fortis.
A4'll»4«et (Xk'wt-ddkt), n. [OF. ; fr. L. aquatdue-
tu* ; aqua 4- ductut a <
leading, a«c0 re to jl^ ^* — -
lead.] A conduit or ar- ^^^--
tiflcial channel for con- /^
veying water. /
A'qnt-oiui (X^kw*-
&s), a. 1. Of the na-
ture of water, or
abounding with it ; wa-
tery. 2. Made by
means of water.
A'qnirfoim (XniwT.
fdrm), a. [L. aqua -f-
•form.] Having the form of water.
Affl'Ql-UlM (Xk'wT-lTn or -Un), a. jTL. aquUimut, fr.
aquila easle.] 1. Belonging to. or like, an eagle. 2.
Curving ; iiooked ; promment, like an eagle's beak.
Ar'U (Xr'Xb), n. [Heb. arabah a desert.1 One o< a
swarthy race of Arabia, Syria, Northern Africa, etc.
Ar'a-bcsqiW (Xr^i-bSakO, n. [F. : fr. It. arab09eo,
fr. Arabo Arab.] A style of ornamentation which fan-
taHtically groups figures of fruits, foliage, men, etc. -—a.
Exhibiting the style of ornament called arabeiqu:
A-ninhl-«B (A-ri'bT-^xn). a. Pertaining to Arabia or
its inhabitants. — ti. An Arab.
Ar'a-blO (Xr'i-blk), a. Arabian. — n. Language of
the Arabians.
Arable nvmerals or tgvres, the nine digits, 1, H, 9, etc.,
and the cipher U.
Ar'a-Mllt, n. One versed in Arabic literature.
Ar'A-bIa (-bU), a. [F. ; L. arabilU. fr. arare to plow.]
Fit for plowing or tillage. — n. Arable land ; plow land.
llA-racblll-dA (4-rXk'nT-d4). n. pi. [NL., fr. Or.
ikpaxmi spider.] A class of Arthropoda, including spiders,
scoroions, and mites and ticks.
II A-ni'lia-l'BA (A-rX^nl-I'nA), n. pi. [NL., fr. L. aranea
spider.] The order of Arachnida including spiders.
A-nrlM-<mB (-tb), a. [L. aranto»us, fr. aranea spider,
spider's web.] Cobweblike ; extremely thin.
AinU-ter (iira>T-t8r), n. [L.] One appointed to arbi-
trate or determine a controversy.
Syn. — Arbitrator: umpire; director; referee.
Ar-UVm-OMllt (-bTt'rA.m«nt), a. 1. Determination;
arbitration. 2. Award of arbitrators.
ArOli-tni-ry (Xr^T-trt-rf ), a. 1. Depending on win
or discretion ; not governed by rules. 2. Desiwtic ; ty-
rannical. — ArOii-tra-ri-ly, adv. — ArOrf-tra-n-nMS, n.
ArOli-trata (-triit), r. /. <<t i. [L. arbitrari to judge,
fr. arbiter. '\ To hear and decide; to judge.
Arbl-timtlon (-trS'sh&n), a. Tlie determining a
cause between parties in controversy.
ArnM-tn'tor (Xrn)I-trX/t8r). n. [L.] 1. One chosen
to determine differences, 2. One who can decide with*
out control ; a ruler. — ArOll-tni^tllZ (-trTks) [L.],
ArOil-tiaia (-tr«s), n. /.
Syn.— Judge; umpire; referee: arbiter. BeeJvDOB.
AtOmt (Xr'bJr), n. [L. herbaHum. Bee Hbbb,] A
latticework covered with planU, for shade ; a bower.
ArlMir.n. [L., tree, beam.] 1. A tree as botanically
distinguished from a shrub. 2. In machinery, an axle
or spindle of a wheel or pinion.
Ar-bO'ra-al (-bVrt-al), a. l. Pertaining to, or like,
trees. 2. Found upon, or frequenting, trees.
Ar-bO're-ails (-«•«), a. l. Like a tree, in distinction
from a shrub. 2. Pertaining to, or growing on, trees.
fCm, raeont, 6rb, ruda, f yll* Am, food, fdbt, out, oil, chair, bo, alns, i<|k, then, thin.
3
ARBORESCENT
34
ARDUODSNESS
Mx^tO-tW^omA iHafht-rUfaent), a. [L. orboreicens,
fr. arbor. ^ BfeMmbling m tree; becoming woody in
•talk. — Ar^lffl-fm'o^noQ fi.
n Ar'bO-ratlim (-rStOm), n. [L.] A collection of
rmre trees and sbrube.
AHm-i-mytan (l(ra>Sr-T.k«l'ttr), n. Cultiration
of trees and shrub*. — Ar'bor-i-Olll'tlir-ist n.
ArlniA-Olt (Kr'bfis^'l), R. [L. arbuMula, dim. of
orftorj A dwarf tree.
Al'mtrtaM (^bt-t&s), ) n. [L. arbuhu.} 1. The straw-
Al^bntt ('but), I berry tree, an evergreen shrub
of the Heath familv. 2. A spring flower of the Heath
family ; trailing arbutus.
Are (itrk), n. [F. ; L. areus bow, arc. Cf. Abch, n.]
A portion of a curved line.
ir-«lldf (Kr-kidO,n. [F., fr. L. arcM.] A series of
arches with columns ; arched nllery.
Ar-ca'dU (-kJ'dl-A), n. 1. A district of Greece.
S. A scene of quiet. — Ar-M'dl^UI, Ar-oa'diOt a.
R Ar-ealmm (-ntim), n. .- pi. Arcaka (-u4). [L., fr.
areanu* secret, tsrea chest, arcere to inclose. See Ark.]
X> A secret. 2. In medicine, a secret remedy ; an elixir.
Aroh (Krch), n. [F. arche. See Abc.] 1. Any part
of a geometrical
euryed line. 2.
In architecture, a
member made up of
wedge-shaped sol-
ids, to support
we^ht above an
opening. 3. A
puce covered by an
arch; an archway.
— w. L A i. To
curve.
AlOh, eu [See
B-,l>r«/.J 1.
•ly.
Ar^i
irtively i
sportive
prlncipaL 2. Cunning or
ihievousj roguish.
Ohlef ; eminent; greatest
sly mischievoiw . tvKuwu.
_. i'a<T (iir'kl-Bl'J.jyT, n, [Or. apxatoAoy«'« ;
4pX*^ ancient (fr. op^H begiuuing) -f- Abyof discourse.]
^^ _. . .. . . ^
The soience of antiquiUes. — Al^oha 0-Iog^ (-^-lOjTk),
ATolurO-loriS-Ill, a.— Ar'OhM-Al'O-glflt (-01'6-jTat), »».
Ar-OlUilO T-kS^k), a, [Qt. opxaiicdf old-fashioned,
fr. ifxMi.'} Pert, to antiquity or archaism i obsolescent.
ArollA-lnil (-kt-Ts*m), n. 1. An old-fashioned word
or idiom. 2. Antiquity of style ; obsoleteness.
AlOh'«n'K«l (Krk'in'JSl), n. [Or. %ay7«Aof. See
ABOH-,pre/., and Aiiobi<.] A chief angel; one high in
the celestial hierarchy. — Aroh'an-callo (-Sn-jSlTk), a.
Aroh'blallfop (lirch^bTsh'fip), n. [AS. arcebUceopy
fr. Or. ^x^criOKOvot. See Buhop.] A chief bishop; a
metropolitan or primate. — Aroh'UBli'Op-rlo, n.
Arall'dMI'OOn (-dCk'n), n. [Or. apx'^»»ro*^- &««
Abch-, prt^.f and Dbaoon.] A church diguiUry, next
below a bishop, whom he assists. — Aroh'dM'OOn-iy,
AnIi'dM'OOIMlhiS, n.
Aroh'dn'OAl (-du^kol), a. Pertaining to an archduke
or arohduchv.
AlOh'dllQIl'an (-dlich^), n. Consort of an arch-
duke ; daughter of the emperor of Austria.
Aroli'dllOll'y, n. Territory of an archduke or arch-
duchess. [Uy of Austria. I
Aroh^dllk*' (-dttkO, n. A prince of the imperial fam- 1
AfOh'dllke'doni (-dQm), n. An archduchy.
ArolMd (Kroht), a. Made with an arch or curve.
Aroh'er (Jlroh'8r), n. [F. ; fr. L. aretu bow.] A
bowman. — Aroll'6r-«ts, n. /.
AlOh'«r-y (-Sr-j^), n. 1. Use of the bow; art of
•hooting with bow and arrows. 2. Archers collectively.
Ar'Ollt-tTpe (i&r'ki-ti^), n. [Gr. apxfrxnroi sUinped
first and as a model ; opj^t- -f- rviroc stamp, pattern,
Tibrciv to strike.] Original pattern or model from which
a thing Is formed. — Ar'ollt-typal, a.
[Or. ipx^'
Archimedes' Screw.
Ar'ohl-dl-M'0-BAl (iirniT-dt-Ik'd.nal), a.
Suucovof .1 Pertaimiiff to an archdeacon.
AtaS^plM^0^V9i (-l-ptsntft-pal), a. [Pref. arcAi-
-f- epiMV/pa/.] Pertaining to an archbishop.
Ar'dlll (&miTl), n. [OF. orchel. Cf. Orchiu] 1. A
violet dye obtained from several species of lichen.
2. The pUnt itself. [Written also orcAal and orcAt/.]
Ar'om-IIM^e'An (iir^kT-ml-dS'an), a. Pertaining to
Archimedes, a Greek philosopher.
ArehlmedssB screw, or Axekiisedss' serow, an instrument
for raising water, formed by
winding a tube spirally round '
a cylinder.
Ar'ohl-peI'a-co(-p8l'&-ff«), ,
n. ; pi. -ooBS or -oos (-gos). ;
[It. arcipelago, prop., chief
sea ; Gr. pref. apxti' -(- we\ayos
sea.] 1. The Grecian Arclii-
pelsgo, or iBgeau Sea, which is
studded with small islands.
2. Any sheet of water interspersed with islands.
Ar'ohi-teot (-tekt), n. [Or. &pxirdKr%ry master
builder ; pref. ipv*- + rtimtw workman, rUrttr to pro-
duce.] 1. One bkilled in building. 2. A contriver.
Ar'olli-tOC'tlTa (-tSk'tTv), a. Used in buUding.
Airchl-teo'tim (-t«kattr), n. l. Art or science of
building. 2. S^le of building. 3. Construction;
workmanship. —Ar'olli-ttC't1ir-«l, a.
Ax'tbi-tOkW (-trav), n. [F. & It ; pref. arcM- -f
trare beam, L. trabs.} (a) The lower division of an en-
tablature, next the column. (6) The group of moldings
above and on both sides of a door or other opening.
AlfolltTO (iir'kiv), n. [F. arehivtt^ pi., L. arrAirtim,
fr. Gr. rd apx*^ archives, fr. opxi} government.^ 1. pi.
Place for keeping public records. 2. pi. Pubhc docu-
ments preserved as evidence of facts.
Syn. — Registers : records; chronicles.
Alfdll-Ylflt (-kT-vSlt), n. [It. archivolto ; pref. archi-
•f- rolto vault, arch.] The inner contour of an arch.
Archly (iirchlf ), adv. In an arch manner ; slyly.
ArchlieM (iirch'nSs), n. Cleverness ; waggishneas.
AlfcllOB (ar^On), n. [Gr. ^x*>^ ^^^^^ magistrate,
lp\ w to riile,] A chief magistrate in ancient Athena.
.arclrway i irrli'ml), n. A passage under an arch.
AiC'o groLpli (^fk'^ jrr*f), n. [L. or-
eu^ (K. fjff> -f- -priijrjAu] An instrument
for iSra^iiiiir a cirruloj arc without the ,
QSi- fff a fvntrriT pfi^iit.
Aia'liy C :"1„ u. [Gr. Ap«rruc<k, fr.
£pcTO« a bear, a constellation so called.] <
Pertaining to, or situated under, the Arcngrapb.
northern constellation called the Bear ; northern ; frigid.
— n. 1. The arctic circle. 2. A waterproof overshoe.
t^^ The arctic circle is a lesser circle, parallel to the
equator, 23^' 28' from the north pole.
An/n-ata (&rk'd-tt), ) a. [L. arcuare^ -o/vfit, to shape
Aroll-a^tad (-Saed), \ like a bow, fr. orctM. See
Arc] Bent like a ho^ . — Aro'Q-a'ttoll, n.
ArMMIt (iir'dfnt), a. [F. ardant, p. pr. of order to
bum. L. onf^rr] 1. Hot or burning; flery. 2. Fierce;
glowing. 3. Warm ; nassionate ; vehement. — Ar'deil-
oy (-den-sf), n. — AlTdent-Iy, adv.
Syn. — Burning : hot ; fiery ; glowing : intense ; fierce ;
eager ; keen : fervid ; passionate ; affectionate.
Alfdor (-d8r>, n. [L., fr. ardere.'} [Spelt also ardour.}
1. Heat. 2. Warmth of passion or affection ; seal.
Syn. — Fervor ; warmth ; eagerness. See Frbvob.
Alfdn-CIlt (-dd-Ci»), a. [L. ardttnt steep, high.] 1.
St<^p and loftv; hard to climb. 2. Attended with
great labor. — Ar'da-OllS-ly. adr. — AlfdV-OIIS-IMaa, n.
Syn. — ARDrous; Hard; DimcrLT; laborious: pain-
ful ; exhausting. — ^arf/ is simpler and more general in
sense than difficult. Difficult commonly implies more
R, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, 6, 1, tt, a, tf -liort ; swiAte, «vent. Idea, 6bey, <lnite, cAre, Hrm, Ask, nil, flnoL
ARE
36
ARMADA
ikfll md nsBdty than Aorrf, M when there la dlipropor-
tioo between the means and the end. A tldng I* arduous
when it reqoirea atrenuoua and peraerering exertion.
An (&r). [AS. arofi, akin to the 1st pers. pi. forma,
L. sumus^ Or. c^imV, from a root a«.] The present in-
dicfttire plural of be; but etymologically a different
word from 6«, or was.
An (tr), n. [F.,fr. L. area.} Metric unit of super-
ficial measure, being a square having each side ten meters
In length ; 100 square meters, about 119.6 square yards.
A'n-tL (i^'rl-*), n. [L., a broad piece of level ground.]
1. Any plane surface ; an open space in a building. 2.
The inclosed space on which a building stands ; a sunken
court, giving light to the basement of a building. 3. An
extent of surface ; a tract or region. 4. The superficial
contents of any figure. 6. Extent; scope; range.
Ar'^-fy (ir^fi), V. t, [L. arere to be dry -f -/y.] To
dry, or make dry. — AV^-fMtkn (-fik'shon), n.
A-M'lUI (A^ri^ni), n. [L., sand.] 1. The sanded
areft in the central part of a Roman amphitheater. 2.
A place of public contest ; any sphere of action.
Ar^-lUl'OMIIft (Xr^^ni'ahfis), a. Sandy ; of the n»-
tore of sand ; easilv disintegrating into sand ; friable.
A-IW'O-U (4-rF8-U), n. [L.Tdlra. of ami.] A col-
ored ring, as around vesicles. — A-TO'O-lAr (-ISr), a.
A'TO-oai'e-ter (S'rl-5mt-t3r), n. [Or. apauk thin,
rare + -m^fr.^ An instrument for measuring specific
gravity of fluids. ^ A'ra-om'e-try, n.
Ar'e-OP'A-glU (Xr^^p'A-fflis)* n. [Or. *Ap«t6s-a>o«.
'AptuK ira>o«, hill of Ares (MArs* H{U).1 The highest
judicial court at ancient Athens, held on Mara' Hill ; any
high tribunal. — Ar'e-^a-glst (JTst), n.
Ax'gal (Kr^gil), n. Crude tartar. See Abool.
Ar'gau mm^ (ar'gSnd limp'). [Fr. klvai Argand^
its inventor.] A lamp with a drcular hollow wick and
chimney, forming a current of air both inside and outside
of the name.
Ar'CMIt (-j«nt), H. [F., fr. L. argtntum silver.]
Whiteness: anything white. — a. Mule of silver; of
silvery color ; shining. — Ar-genlal (-jSn'tal), a.
AirsaB-Un (Kr^n-tln), n. An alloy of nickel with
copper and sine ; German silver.
Ar-ceatlO (-ISn'tTk), a. Pertaining to, derived from,
or containing, ulver.
Ar'gWl-tlrer-aiUI (-tlfJr-Bs), a. [L. argentum-{-
-ferous.'} Producii^f or containing silver.
AlfgMI-tllM (Sr'J&a-tin ; in '2d sense, -tSn), a. 1. Per-
taining to, or like, silver ; silvery. 2. Pertaining to the
Argentine RepubUc in South America, ^—n. 1. A sili-
ceous calcite, having a silvery luster. 2. White metal
coated with silver. 3. A fish with silvery scalea. 4. A
citizen of the Argentine Republic.
Ar'cn (iir'JTl), n. [L. arffiUa white cUy.1 CUy, or
potter^s earth ; sometimes pure clay, or alumina.
Ar'gll-U'OMIIft (-IS^shoifi), a. Like, or containing
clay; clayey.
Argll4fiPer-«U (-nf'Sr-ds), a. [L. argOla + -/er-
OHs. ] Producing clay or argil ; — applied to earths.
Ar-glllOM (ib'-jmOOt a. Argillaceous.
Ar'gOl ()^gBl)t **- Crude tartar ; an acidulous salt
deposited from wines on the sides of the casks.
Ar'gfhllMIt (-ff^njit). 11. [Or. 'Apyoi^avriK : 'Apvw -|-
Mivnfv sailor, vwt ship.] 1. One of the legendary Greek
heroes who sailed with Jason, in the Argo, in quest of
Uie Oolden Fleece. 2. A cephalopod of the genus Argo-
nanta. — AT gO-«lllllo, a.
I ATgO-IUIirta (-nf/U), n. A genus of Cephalopoda.
The alteu is often called pap^ nautilus or paper sailor.
Ar'ffO^y {rtify, n. [Earlier raguty, fr. ragusa a ves-
sel of Bagnsa 1 A large merchant vessel.
I Argot' (ib^gS' or Kr'g8t),n. [F.] Slang of thieves,
trampa,and vagabonds.
ArsiM (-g3)» v.i. [L. argutare, f req. of arguere to
nake clear.] To use arguments; to dispute, —v. /. 1.
To debate or discuss. 2. To prove ; to exhibit by inf«r-
ence or reasoning. 3. To persuade. — Al^SII-Mr, n.
8711. — To Ar«us; DnnrrB: Dbbatb; reaaon; evlnoe;
disaiss. — To argue is to adduce argumenta or reasons
in support of one's cause or positi<m. To dUpute is to
question or deny the statements of ttie opposing party.
To debate is to strive formally by f ""
Argll-mMlt (lir'gtt-mait), n. [F. ; L. airgumentun^ f r.
arguere.^ \. Proof or reasons ofllexed in proof. 2. A
controversy made up of rational proofs ; argumentation.
3. The subject matter of a discourse ; theme or topic ;
summary of the contents of a book, chapter, poem, etc
ArffQ-Bm-tatlOB (-mSn-ti^shfin), n. 1. A reasoning ;
an inferring propositions, not known or admitted as true,
from facts or pnndples known. 2. Debate ; disoussioii.
Syn. — Discussion ; controversy. See RBASOimia.
ATffll-mMltft-tlye (-mSn^A-tTv), a. 1. Consisting
of argument. 2. Oiven to argument ; disputatious.
U vgllS (-gtts), n. 1. A being in classic mythology,
having a hunc&ed eyes, which were transpUntad to the
Macock*ataiL 2. One always watchful. 3. A genus of
East Indian pheasants, remarkable for the great length
and beauty of the wing and tall feathers of the male.
Ar'g1Uh-«T0d' (-idO* «• Watchful; sharp-sighted.
II A^-a (S'rT-A or Vvl-k\ n, [It., fr. L a^. Bee
AiB.] An air, esp. as sung by a single voice.
Arlaa (lir'yan or IrTwzn), a. An, Aryan.
A'll-An (i'rT-on), a. Pertaining to Arioa, a religloiui
teacher, of the 4th century, who declared Clvist Inferior
to Ood the Father, though superior to all created beings.
— n. A follower of Arius. — A1rl-«B-lSlll (-Ts'm), n.
Arfd (ftr^d), a. \JL.aridus^ fr. arere to be dnr.]
Exhausted of moisture ; parched ; dry ; barren. — hjnA-
noM, A-rtAI-ty (i-rlda-tjo, n.
A-rlff kf (i-rif), adv. [Pref. a. -f- right.'\ RighUy ;
correctly : without mistake or crime.
Aril (Krai), II A-inillB (ArrnnOs), n. [LL. anUi
dry grapes.] An exterior covering of a seed.
A-rise' (VrisOt *- <- [i^P- Abosb (-rOs'); p. pr. A
vb. n. Aribino ; p. p. Arubv (-rTs'^n^] [AS. drlsan ;
a -(- risan to rise.] 1. To come up from a lower to a
higher position; to come above the horlxon; to rise.
2. To come into action, being, or notice; to present
itself. 3. To proceed; to spring.
Arte-tO(/ra-oy (KrOTs-UHE'rip^), n. [Or. ipwroKpa-
rCa ; aptarot bert -f xparciy to rule.] ■ 1. Oovemment
by the best citisens. 2. A form of government, which
vests power in a pririleged order; <digarohy. 3. The
chief persons in a state ; a patrician order.
A-Itol»«nit ( ArrTs't^-krlt or Xr^s-tt-kritt), n. X. One
of the aristocracy ; a noble. 2. One who is overbearing ;
a haughty person. 3. One who favors an aristocracy. —
Aris-tOHsatlo (Kr^s-tA-krSt^k), Arto-to^niri»«l, a.
A-rttll'llM-tIO (&-rTth'm«.tTk), n. [Or. ip^^ruei
(sc. Tcxi^), fr. apiBfuiv to number, fr. iptBiiit number.]
Science of numbers; computation by figures. — ArtUl'
meflo-Al (Ir'Tth-meta-kal), a. [metic. |
A-rtth'SM^'olAll (-tTsh'an), n. One skilled in arith-|
Alk (iirkV, n. [AS. are, fr. L. area, fr. areere to In-
close.] 1. The chest supporting the mercy seat in the
Jewish suictuary. 2. Vessel wluch preserved Noah dur-
ing the Deluge. 3. A flatboat to transport produce.
Arm (iirm), n. [AS. ; akin to D. A O. arm, L. armu*
arm, shoulder.] 1. The limb extending from shoulder
to hand ; an anterior limb. 2. Anything resembling an
arm. 3. Power ; strength ; support.
Arm, n. [See Asms.] (a) A branch of the military
service, (b) A weapon; an Instrument of warfMre.—
V. t. 1. To equip with wei^ns ; to furnish with what-
ever will add strength, security, eflBciency, or means of
defense. — r. i. To provide one's self with weapons.
Ar-ma'da (iir-mi'd& or iir-mlfdA), n. [Sp., fr. L.
armare to arm.] A fleet of armed ships; the Spanish
fleet sent to assail England, ▲. d. 1688.
fin, n«cB^ dfh| rude, t^ ltea« MM, ttfbt, out, oil, oiulr, (o, slas^ t||k, tSiea, thin.
ABMADILLO
86
ABROGATION
modd araMd, p. p.
of armor to um.]
A South Amori-
OMi edontftto ani-
mal bavliig the
body and head in-
caaed in an armor
of bony platea.
[Bp.; dim. of ofw
Mule ArmmdiUo ( Tattuia hybrida).
to arm.] 1. A body of foroee
[L. armamenta,
pi., ntenciU, tackle
of a ihin, fr. arm
•quipped for war. 2. AU equipmenU for reelitance.
ArnBa-tnrt (-tttr), n. [L. armalura, fr. armare.'}
X. Armor. S. A pieoe of aoft iron to connect the two
poloi of a magnet, and complete the circuit.
Aim'OhaJr' (inn'chtr'), n. A chair with arma to
•npport the elbows.
Aim'tal (-ful), n. At mu
AimtitiW (-hsio. A* 1.
At much aa the arm can hold.
, . n. 1. The armpit. S. A hole for
the arm in a garment.
AfkMll-lA-nr (Kr'mTMt.ry), a. [L. armUla bracelet,
fr. armu* arm.] Like a bracelet ; conBiating of rings.
Ar-mlp'O-ttllt (-mtp'^tent), a. [L. armipoten* ; artna
mnoB-^ooten* powerful, p. pr. of posse to be able.]
Powerful in arms ; mighty in battle.
Al^nla-ttM (-mTs-tls), n. [F. ; L. orma 4- stare to
■tand stiU.] Cessation of hostilities ; truce.
AimOct (irmnst), n. A smaU arm ; bracelet
AllB0r(iir'm8r),fi. [Spelt also annotir.] DefensiTe
Arms or corering for protection in battle.
AllBOr-Mr, n. . One who makes or repairs armor, or
has the care of arms.
Ar^mo'll-Al (-mO'rT-ol), a. Belonghig to armor, or the
heraldic arms 6r escutcheons. [manufactured. |
Arlni^rr (-m^-iip), n. Place where arms are kept or|
AimlBtt^ (Xrm'pf t'), n. Tlie hoUow beneath the Junc-
tion of the arm and shoulder ; tlie axilla.
Ansa (Xrms), n. p/. [L. arma^ pi., arms, orig., flt-
tinm.] 1. Instruments or weapons of offense or defense.
S. Deeds of war; military aenrioe or science. 3. En-
signs srmorial.
Arfnqr O^mf)^ n. [F. artnie^ fr. L. armare, -matum,
to arm. J I. A body of men armed for war. 2. A host.
Amy werm. (a) A vo-
racious insect, which
in the larral state
often trarela in great
multitudes from field
to field, destrojring
rrain
(ft) T
m and other crops.
The larya of a
Arniy Wonn. nhont | nst. tixe.
a Imago i h Pup* i c Larra.
small two-winged fly,
which marchesin large
oompaniea,in regvdar
order.
Ar-natlo (-nsto^),
n. Annotto.
Al'UlHMK-nT.kA),!!.
A plant, one species of
which is used in medicine as a narcotic and stimuhint.
Ar-Bono (Kr-n0e't^), n. Annotto.
A-ro'DUl (i-rO^mA), n. [Or. ap«ifAa.] The fragrant
quality of plants or other substances.
Ar'O-mftMo (Ir'd-mitTk), a. Pertaining to, or con-
taining, aroma ; fragrant ; spicy. — n. An aromatic
plant or drug. — Ar^o-IDAflo-al, a.
An^UUi-nab (^rS'mi-tli or Sr'ft.), v. /. To render
aromatic ; to give a spicy scent or taste to.
A-IOM' (&-r5s'). Past or preterit tense of A ana.
A-nrand' (-roundO, a<lr. [Pref. a- -f round.'] 1, In a
circle ; on every side ; round. 2. In a circuit ; all about.
3. Near ; in the neighborhood, ^prep. 1. Ou all sides
of ; round ; at>out. 2. From one part to another of.
A-naflt'(A-nmaOfV.f. ToezdtetoaiekioiifNAaatafet
of rest ; to put in motion or exertion ; to ronae ; to OKdt*.
A-row' (-rO'), adv. [Pret a- -f rov.] In a row, Una,
or rank ; suoocasirely ; in order.
Al'QM-bM i (ar^wl-blis), n. [OF. hanptOmM,^
Ar'qVA-ImM ) A hand gun used before the musket.
— Ar'qiM-toiis-ln' (-Sr^), n.
Artiok (kr'rik), n. [Ar. orao, fr. araqa to sweat.]
Bast Indian name for all tfdeut spirits.
Ar-nlgB' (ir-rin'), t. t. [OF. araanier, fr. LL.
amMonare to call before court ; L. <uf -f ratio reaaon.]
1. To call or set (a prisoner) at the bar of a oourt to an-
swer to an indictment or complaint. 2. To call to ao-
count ~ Ar-nlgB', Ar-ialgBwnt, n.
Sjn, — See Aocubb.
Ar-nmtf (-rinJO* v. t, [F. arranger, fr. & (L. orf)
-f ranger. Bee Ramob, v. /.] 1. To put in proper or-
der. 2. To adjust ; to prepare ; to determine.
Syn. — Adjust ; adapt ; range ; dispose ; classify.
Ar-rancalBtllt, n. 1. An arranging or putting in
order; classification. 2. Preparatorr peasure; prep*>
ration. 3. Settlement; adjustment by agreemenL 4.
(a) Musical adaptation of a composition to roices or
histruments. {Jb\ A piece so adapted.
Ar'nuit (-rant), a. [Same as errant wanderinc.] No>
toriously bad ; thorough ; downright ; unmitigated.
Ax'nui (-ras}, n. [Fr. Arra4 capital of Artois, hi the
French Netherlands.] Tapestry.
Ar-ray' (Sr-ri'), n. [OE. & OF. arrai order, a
ment ; a (L. ad) -{- OF. rai order.] 1. Arrangement ;
disposition hi regular lines ; order ox battle ; hoay of sol-
diers. 2. Dress ; apparel. 3. (o) A ranking of a jury
impaneled in a cause. (6) A body of Jurors. -» r. f. 1.
To place (troops, a jury, etc.) in order. 2. To deck or
dress ; to clothe ; to envelop.
Syn. — To draw up ; arrange ; dispose ; set in order.
Ar-retr' (-r8r')» n. [F. nrrt^rf, tr. "L. ad -\- retro
backward.] Something behind in payment, or unpaid,
though due ; — commonly in pj. — Ar-fMUr'Agt (-tj), n.
Ar-rtOf (-rSkf), I a. [L. arrigere, -rectum, to raise :
Ar-nof^d, i ad -\- regere to direct] Lifted
up ; raised ; erect
Ar-rest' (-rfot'). v. I. [OF. arester, "L. ad -\- restore to
stop ; re + *tore to stand.] 1. To stop action of. 2.
To apprehend by authority of law. 3. To hold ; to oatch.
— n. 1. A restraining from motion, etc. ; stoppage. 2.
The legal apprehending of a person ; restraint ; custody.
Syn. — To obstruct ; delay: detain; check; hinder;
stop ; arorehend ; seise : lay hold of.
II Ariir (ftr'Hif or 4r'riK0« n, [F.] (a) A decree of
a French court or sovereign. (6) An arrest ; legal seiiure.
Ar-Illl'ial (i-ri'ial), ) a. [Qr. oppt^bg not rooted ; I
Ar-lbl'BOIll C-sOs), i priv. + J4V«root.] Destitute
of a true root, as a parasitical plant.
Ar^ls (Sr^rTs), n. [L. arista beard of grain, bone of a
fish.] Sharp edge formed by two meeting surxacea.
Ar-rhr'al (-riv'al), n. 1. An arriving ; a coming. 2.
A reaching an object. 3. One that has arrived.
Ar-rive' (ir-riv'), v. i, [LL. nrripare to come to
shore ; h. ad -\- ripa shore.] 1. To come. 2. To gain
an object by effort, practice, study, inquiry, etc.
Ar'ro-CAIIOt (Ir^rt-gans), Al^TO-fUI-oy, n. An arro-
gating ; contempt of others ; self-assumption.
Syn. — Haughtiness; hauteur; assumption ; preaump-
tion ; insolence ; conceit. See HAUOHmrass.
ArYO-gant, a. [F. ; L. orropofM, p. pr. of arrogare.
See Aekooatb.] 1. Assuming undue imp
Conta.n!i)R arrogance. — Ar'k1K|ttnt-ly,
Syn. — Magisterial ; lordly ; proud ; assuming ; over-
bearing ; presumptuous ; haughty. See BfAOismuAL.
Ar^O-gata (Ir'rd-git), v. t. [L. arrogare, -gains, to
appropriate to one's self; ad -f- rogare to ask.] To
claim unduly or presumptuously. — Aj'ro-gallOB, ».
&, B, 1, 9, a, long ; A, «, 1, 5, 0, ^, short ; senAte, dvmt, tdea, 6bey, finite, oAra, lixm, Aak, 9II,
ARROW
37
ARTIST
Arrow.
Affraw (M**ft), n. [AS. oTMce, €arh. Cf. Aio.] A
mlaaile to be ahot from a bow.
MltWrn-mHV (-TSbt/\ n. 1. A
West ImdUn pUmt. 2. A atarch
obUioed from rootatocks of thU
Idaot, and uaed as a uutritive food, esp. for children and
UiTaUds.
Ar'M-lial (ir'at-Dol), n. [Sp. & F. ; fr. Ar. dar^n&'a
house of iuduatry ; dar house + ^a*a art.] Magazine
tor manof acturing and storing arms and naval or mUitary
equipments.
Ar'iW-BlO (-nTk), n. [Or. op^cvuc^, fr. appnf^ male,
from its strength.] A chemical element, resembling a
metal in physical properties, of steel<gray color and bril-
liant luster, and an aotire poison.
Ar-Mnl0 (-sin^k). Ar-Mnlina, a. Pertahiing to,
or deriTsd from, arsenio.
Ar-M'ttMws (-sS^nl-Os), a. Containing, oonsiiting of,
or derired from, arsenic
lArtls (Kr'sis), n. [Or. ipvit a raising, elevation of
the voice, fr. aZpctr to lift op.] (a) That part of a poetic
foot dlstlnffuished from the rest {tkexU) bv greater stress
of voice, lb) Elevation of voice ; metrical accentuation ;
rhythmic accent.
Ar'MB I
, (iir's'n), n. [OF., fr. L. ardere, armm^ to
barn/) Malicions burning of a building or ship.
Art (Kit). 2d vers. Hng. pre*, indie, of Bs.
Art, n. [F. ; L. art, artis, orig., skill in fltUng.l 1.
The adaptation of things in nature to the uses of life.
2. A system of rules for doing some special work. 3-
Application of knowledge or skUl ; an occupation requir-
ing knowledge or skQL 4. pi. Branches of learning
taoght in the academical course of colleges. 6. Bkillfm
plan ; device. 6. Cunning ; artiiloe ; craft.
8yn. — Science ; literature ; aptitude ; readiness ; skill ;
dexterity : adroitness ; business ; trade ; cunning ; arti-
iloe ; duplicity. See Scishob.
Ar-t«^al (iir-tS'rT-^xl), a. Pertahiing to the arteries.
Ar-tA'll-al-l-tttlOB (•T-si'sh&n), n. An arterializing
veooos blood ; afiration ; hematosis.
Ar-t^'M-al-iM (-is), V. t. TO transform (venous blood)
into arterial blood by exposure to oxygen In the lungs ; to
make arterial.
Ax-Wli^HfO-mf (-Wt-mf), n. [Or. apnjptorofita ;
mpv^U artery + to^4 * cutting.] 1. The opening an
artery, esp. to let blood. S. Anatomy of the arteries.
Arw-y (-tiT'f), n. [Or. apnfpuL] 1. A vessel car-
rying blood from the heart. 2. A continuous channel
cv communication.
Ar-te^jlAB (-tS'shon), a. [F. arthien, fr. Artois.^
Pertaining to Artois (anciently ArteHum), in France.
Artesian weQs, wells bored Into the earth till they reach
water, which is forced up by internal pressure.
Artfol (iirt^l), a. 1. Performed with art, skm, or
contrivance. 2. Cunninff ; disposed to cunning indirect-
ness of deaUng. — Artfu-ly, adv. — Artful-new, n.
8yn, -Cunning ; skillful ; adroit : dexterous ; crafty ;
tricky ; deceitful; designing. See CuKmiro.
I Ar-tkrl'tiS (ttr-thri'tls), n. [Or. ^ptrif, fr. &p»pw
a Joint.] Any inflammation of the Joints, particularly
gout. — Ar-tBTltlO (-thrTtOk), hx-thttXI^^a.
II Ar'tliro-niirtra (Hr^thrft-ffls'tr*), n. pi. TNL., fr.
Or. ip$pov -f yarr^o stomach.] A dlvialon of Arach-
nida, liaving the abdomen annukted, including among
others the scorpions.
Ar-tlurOf'ni-pliy (ttr-thrSg^rArfy), n. [Or. ap»pov +
•gmphjf.'] Description of Joints.
" ' ' ■' " p8d), f». One of the ArthropoJa.
^ , hr5p^-dA), n. »/. [NL., fr. Or.
SfBpop -\- -pod<L\ A division of ArticuUta, embraring
all that have Jointed less. It includes InsecU, Arach-
nlda. Crustacea, etc. — Ar-throp'O-dal, a.
llir-tkrw^n-ea (-thrSe'tril.kA), %. pi. [NL., fr. Or.
Ip^por -h ooTpoicov a shell.] A division of Crustacea,
omphv.l Description of Jc
Ar^tliro-pod (-thr«-p«d),
iiAr-tkroy'o-dA (-thrdp^
having thorax and abdomen both segmented. It
eludes the Amphipodaand
Isopoda.
Ar'thro-BO'lo (Kr^-
thr*-s5'Ik), a. [Or.
apOpo¥ -j^ ^*Mic6c animal,
from ^ifov an animal.]
Pertaining to the Articu-
lata; articulate. i
Ar'tl-eholw (Hr'tT.*
ch5k), n. [It. articioo-
CO.'} A plant somewhat
resembling a thistle ; also, One of the ArthrottrMs. 0 Hsad 1
iU edihdehead. «' <". Thonclc ■omitM 1 «i6 Ab-
Al'tl.0la(-k'l),«. [F., J°™*?*i ■T»lS^mi«.i*'f^'f^
fr. L. arlui/i**, dim. of B^%,i Abdominal leg. 1 «
artu* joint, akin to Or.
apepov.} 1. Adistinct portion of any writing, oonsisting
of two or more particulars ; clause ; concise statement.
2. A particular substance or commodity. 3. In ffram-
mar, one of the three words, a, an, f Ae, used to define
the application of nouns.*— v. t. X. To formulate in
articles; to set forth in distinct particular!. 2. lo
bind by articles of covenant.
Ar-tlO'll-ljr(iir.tTk^.l8r),a. [L. oHicttfarif.] PM^.
talning to the Joints.— n. A bone in the base of the
lower Jaw of many birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishea.
II Ar-tlo'QrU'U (-liti), n. pi. TNeut. pL, fr. L,
articulatu* furnished with Joints, distmot] A sotf logical
subkingdom, including Arthropoda (Insects, ICyriapoda,
Arachnida, Crustacea, etc.) and Anarthropoda (Annelida
and silled iforms).
Ar-tlO'll-Ute (-Itt), a. [L. artietOatut.'] 1. Jointed ;
consisting of segments united bv iolnts. 2. Distinctly
uttered ( spoken intelligibly ; divided into words and
syllables. — n. An animu of the subkingdom Articolata.
Ar-tto^n-Ute (-lit), v. i. 1. To utter articuUte
sounds ; to enunciate. 2. To Join by articulation. •— v. /.
X. To put together with joints. 2. To utter in distinct
syllables or words.
Ar-tio^-Ut*-ty (-Itt-lJ^), adv. 1. In the manner
or form of a Joint. 2. Article by article ; in detail ;
definitely. 3. With distinct utterance of sounds.
Ar-tlo'll-UtlOB (-la'shfin), n. 1. A Johit between
bones in the skeleton or in stems of plants. 2. A meet-
ing of parts in a Joint. 3. Utterance of sounds ; pronun-
ciation. 4. A consonant.
Ar^-flM (lir'tT-fTs), n. [L. arti/Mum, fr. artifex
ar^Jftcer; trrx^ artiM,vt-\-facfre to make.] 1. Work-
miM I ^ I1 i rj ^ vijn I rl vancf^^ 2, C r > 1 ty device ; artful trick.
Ar-tl]ri-o«r {tWX-t^T}, n. An artistic worker.
At U-tt'dal ^jLHif.niili'ii]). «. 1. Made or contrived
by :trt 2. Fi'\^v<\ ; firtftknin ; not genuine. 3. Culti-
vst*'^( ; pot of ftfH.ipiUtji'i'ijB i^mvith. — Ar'tl-fl'Ol-All-tF
C-Mn^t*), ri. -Ar ttn'olally. adv.
At maer-i«t < «■- 1 T l^ ^'t. t „t ), n. "^
lerv Hir ^iLintf^T^r ; dh Brlllirrytniui.
Ar- Uller-T C ^^ >. n ■ [LL. frrUUaria machines of war ;
prab. Li. L. iii i/ iwv AatJ 1. Cannon : ordnance, with
powder, utensils, etc 2. The men and ofBoers who man-
age artillery. 3. Bdence of gunnery. — Ar-tUltr-y-
One skilled in artil-
Ax'ti-sail (kr^T-sXn), n. [F.; fr. L. artiiut skilled in
arts, fr. ars.} One skilled in some mechanic art.
Syn. — Abtist ; AxrincBm. — An artist is one skilled bi
some one of the fine arts ; an artisan exercises a mechan-
ical employment, although he may have the taste and skill
of an artist. An artificer requires power of contrivance
and adaptation, but has not necessarily either the mechan>
ical conformity to rule of the artisan, or the refinement
and peculiar skill which belong to the artist.
Artllt (KrtTst), n. One who practices a liberal art ;
a painter, sculptor, musician, etc
Syn. — See Abtuah.
f3m, rwmt, 6rb, r^de, fyll, Am, food, fdbt, out, oil, ctuOr, bo, sins, Ink, then, Uiln.
ARTISTE
38
ASKEW
•o. See
tbeoondi-
6.
|lr-tllt0'(«r-a8tO,ii. [F.] OiM pecoliftrly dexter-
ou and tasteful, in almoat any employment.
Ar-tls'llO (-tIe'tTk), I a. Pertaining to art or to art-
Ir-tto'lkHd (-tMuil), ] ista; made in the manner of
•B artist ; showing taste or skilL — Ar-tlstlO-«l-ly, mfr.
AltlMS (KrtnSs), a. 1. WanUng art or skiU ; igno-
rant. 2. Free from guile, art, craft, or stratagem. —
JkrflMS-ly, adv, — ArtaaM4MM, n.
87II. — Simple: unaffected; sincere; undesigning;
guUeless ; unsophisticated ; open ; frank ; candid.
A-nm'dl-aA'OMW (A-Hin'dT-ni'shtts), a, [L. arun-
dinaeeuSf fr. artmdo reed.] Pertainins to, or resem-
hUng, the reed or cane. ti^*<^ • reedy. I
Mx*Wllr4hl'94mm (Sr^&n-dTn^&a), a. Abounding with |
I A-nUi'ptS (A-rOs'pSKs), t n. [L anupex or harut-
A-niS'WM (-pTs), ) pex; V. anupice.} A
Roman diTiner who foretold events by inspection of ea-
trails of Tictims offered to the gods.
A-rW^-oy i'P^-'9)f »• (^ arMpiciunif hanupi-
eium,} Prognostication from entrails of rictims.
ArriB (M^yon or Kr^-an), n. [Bkr. drya excellent.]
1. One of a prehistoric people in Central Asia, from
whom sprang the Hindoo, Persian, Greek, Latin, Celtic,
Teutonic, Slavonic, and other races. 2. Language of the
Arrans.— a. Pertaining to the Aryans ; Indo-European ;
Indo-Oermanic. [Written also Arian.}
As (Is), adv. & em^i. [AS. eai swa, lit, aU
Also.] 11. Like ; simUar to ; equally. 2. In t
tion of. 9. While; when. 4. Because ;
Though : although. 6. For instance ; thus.
RAs (is), n. [L. See Acs.] 1. A Roman weight,
divided into 12 ounces. 2. A Roman copper coin.
As'A-ittl-dA i (Ss^A-fSt^-di), n. [ Ar. a*a heaUng -\-
Aaftk-tmVi^tL I L. /oetidu* fetid.] The fetid gum
resin of a large umbelliferous Oriental plant used in medi-
cine as an antispasmodic. [Written also tuta/cetida.}
As-bM'lllM (Is-bSs'tTn), I a. Pertainhig to asbestus ;
As-bMtOOS (-tfis), ) incombustible.
As-bM'tllS (-tBs), I n. [L. asbestos a mineral una^
As-bMllMI (-t5s), f fected by fire. Or. a<r/3«<rTOv in-
extingnishaMe ; a priv. -f- trfiwinitmi to extinguish.] A
varied of pyroxene, also of serpentine.
ASKMod' (-sBnd')t V. i, & t. [L. aseendere ; ad •\-
seandere to climb. See Scan.! To move upward ; to
mount ; to rise. — Al OMlfl't lllOi a.
87n«— Torise: mount; climb; scale; soar; tower.
As-OMld'ailt (-ant), fi. [F. ascendant^ L. aseendenSf
. pr. of aseendere.^ 1. In astrology, the horoscope, or
\uilt degree of the ecliptic which rises above the horison
at the moment of one*s birth. 2. Superiority, or com-
manding fanfluence; ascendency. 3. An ancestor; a
progenitor ; — opposed to descendant.
A«-«Mld'Allt (-ant), I a. 1. Above the horizon.
As-OMld'eilt (-^nt), ) 2. Rising ; ascending. 3. Su-
perior ; predominant ; ruling.
As-4Mlld'«l-oy i-^-^)* **. Governing influence.
87n. — Control ; authority ; influence ; sway ; domin-
ion ; prevalence ; domination.
As-Otndl-llto (-T-bM), o. Capable of being ascended.
As-Otn'ikll (-sSn'shOn), fi. [F. ; L. ascend, fr. as-
eendere."] 1. An ascending ; a rising ; ascent. 2. The
virible ascent of our Savior ; Ascension Day.
Asosaslsn Day, the Thursday but one before Whitsuntide,
when our Sarior's ascension into heaven, after his resur-
rection, is commemorated ; — called also Holy Thursday.
As-Otn'llOll-Al C-ol), a. Relating to ascent.
As-0tlir(-s8nf),n. 1. A rising ; motion upward. 2.
Way by which one ascends. 3. An eminence. 4. De-
gree of elevation ; inclination ; slope ; rising grade.
As'Otr-talB' (Ss^sSr-tin'), v. t. [OF. acertener ; a
(L. ad) -\- certain.] To learn for a certainty ; to get to
know. — As^otr-Udn'A-lila, a. — Aroer-udn'mwit, n.
ihat'i
A«-OtMo (is-sStmc), a. [Or. aoKifruttfc, fr. aoxMr to
exercise, to practice gymnastics.] Kxtremely rigid in
self-denial and devotions ; austere. — n. One very rigor-
ous in religious things. — As-«tll-€llB (-T-sTx*m), n,
I) As'ol-i (Ishnr-i), I n. pi. [L. ascU, pL of <rscti»,
, Ai'ClAlUI (ftsh'yanx), S Or. wkuk without shadow ;
a priv. -)- vkU. shadow.] Persons who have no shadow
at noon ; — applied to dwellers in the torrid sone, who
have, twice a year, a vertical sun.
llAs^tM (ks-si'tSs), n. [L., fr. Gr. cUncinyr (sc
v6im disease), fr. oacot bhwlder, beUy.l A colleotioo of
serous fluid in the at)domen ; dropsy of the peritoneum.
AS-CltlO (-sTtTk), I nmnrfr^l
AMlt1«Ha(-T-kol).J«- ^^vAcsL
As-Crtbe' (-krib'), v. t. [L. ateribtre; ad -|- seribtr*
to write.] To attribute or refer, as to a cause ; to con-
sider or aJlege to belong. — As-crllKA-ldA, a. — As-^rtp'-
tlOB (-krTp'shfin), fi.
Syn. — To Asceibs : Attbibutb : iMpim. — Atlribvte
denotes, 1. To refer some auality or attribute to a being.
2. To refer something to its cause. Ascribe has boui
senses, but involves a different image. To impute usually
denotes to ascribe something doubtful or wrong.
A-MpHo (A-s8|/tTk), a. [Pref. a- not -f se/Xic.] Not
liable to putrefaction. — «. An aseptic substance.
JL-wnTJOL-al (A-eSks'tii-al ; 40), a. [Pref. a- not + Ms-
ual.] Having no distinct sex ; without sexual action.
Aah (ftsh), fi. [AS. spscA A tree of the Olive family :
also, its tough, elastic wood,
n., sing, of Ashb.
Uned' (A-shSmdO* a. Affected by shame ; con-
fused by guilt or conscioiisness of some impropriety.
Aah'Ml (bh'm), a. Pertaining to the ash tree.
Aslt'en, a. Consisting of, or like, ashes ; grayish.
Ash'cr-y {-ir-S), n. 1. A depository for ashes. 2.
A place where potash is made.
Ash'W (-Cs), n. pi. [AS. asce, stset, ore.] 1. Saithy
particles remaining after combustion. 2. Remains cA the
human body when burnt, or ** returned to dust " by deo^.
AahOtf I (XshnSr), n. [OF. aiseler, f r. aU plank, fr.
Aahler \ L. oxw, omu, plank, axle.] 1. (a) Hewn
or squared stone. (6) A facinff of dressied stone upon a
wall of rubble or brick. 2. One of the short upright
pieces l>etween floor beams and rafters.
Ashlar-lng, ) n. 1. The bedding ashlar in mortar.
Ashlcr-illf , I 2. Partition timbers in garrets.
A-Shm' (X-shSr'), adv. [Pref. o- -f «Aore.] On or
to the shore ; aground.
Aah' WednWday (ksh^ wSni'dt). First day of Lent.
Ash^ (ish'j^), a. 1. Pertaining to, or composed of,
ashes ; filled with ashes. 2. Ash-colored ; deadly pale.
A'llAll (a'shan), a. & n. [L. Asianus.} Asiatic
A'Ai-AtIC (a'ahT-Stnrk), a, [L. Asiaticus.] Pertain-
ing to Asia or its inhabitants. — n. A native, or one of
the people, of Asia. — A'Ai-At'l-oism (-T-sTs'm), n.
A-«ido'(A-MdOt odv. [Pref. a- -f- side.} 1. On, or to,
one side ; out of a straight course ; apart. 2. Privately.
— n. Something spoken aside ; as, a remark by a stage-
plsver which other players are not supposed to hear.
Asl-nllM (isT-nin), a. [L. asininus^ fr. asinus ass.]
Belonging to, or having qualities of, the ass, as stupidity
and obstinacy.— AB^l-nilll-ty (-nTnt-tj^), n.
Alk (Ask), r.t.Au [AS. &scian, acsiati.'\ 1. To re-
quest; to re<)uire, demand, or expect. 2. To interro-
gate or question. 3. To invite.
Syn. — To beg; request; seek; entreat: crave; re-
quire ; demand ; claim ; inquire : interrogate. See Bwk
A-akUlOe' (i-skSns'), I adr. [Cf. D. schuin sideways;
A-wSuaV i-6kint'), f schuiven to shove.] Side-
wavs ; obliquely ; with disdain or suspicion.
Alk'ar (ask'er), n. One who asks ; an inquirer.
Aflk'ar, n. [as. aSexe lixard, newt.] A water newt.
A-lkew' (i-sku'), adv. & a. [Pref. a- -f skev.}
Awry ; adcance ; oblique or obliquely.
ft, i, 1, 3, a, long ; ft, «, I, O, a, ^, short ; senftte, tvent, Idea, Obey, finite, cftre, linn, &ik, ^11, flnoL
ASLANT
39
ASSENT
(i^iota adv. & a. [Pref. a- -f ttant.}
Toward one aide ; obliquely, ^^prep. Slanting over-
A-llMP' (i-alSpOt a. & adv. [Pref. a- -\- sleep.} 1. In
a state of tleep ; dormant. 2. Dead, i. Numbed.
A-fllOpt' C*-alSp'), adv. & a, [Pref. a- -f slope.]
SlopioK ; aslant ; declining from an upright direction.
Amp (A^)f ft. [Or. d(nrt«.] A small, hooded, poison-
ous serpent of Egypt, etc. ; the yaja haje.
A»-piur'A-ff1UI (is-plr'4-gfis), n. [L., fr.
Gr. aoT^lfavoc.] A perennial plant, one
q;>ecies of which is cultivated in gardens for
Its edible, tender shoots.
Aa'l^aot (IVpnct), n. [L. aspectus^ fr.
OipicerCt Oipeetum^ to look at ; aa + spicere
to look.] 1. Look; coun-
tenance ; mien ; air. 2. Ap-
pearance to the eye or miud ;
▼iew. 3. Position or situa-
tion, esp. in relation to the
points of the compcas.
Asp'en (Sa'DSn), n. [AS.
sespt seps.l One of several
species oi poplar, esp. the
PopuluM tremuloj whose
A«» /vi«Z7^nU\ *«»^*" ™<>^« "^^^^ ***• slight-
Asp iVipema^Hsy ^^ ^^^^ ^ t^e air.
I As'pMr (-pSr), n. [L. spiritua a^»er, rough breathlng.l
Ttw rough breaCliing in Oreek ; a mark (') over an initlsJ
▼owel or p to show that it is aspirated, or pronounced
with h before it : thus wr, pron. h6s^ p^rmp^ pron. hra'tOr.
As'Ptr-ttte (-it), V. /. [L. asperare. -aius^ it. asper.]
To make r^mah nr iinAVAii. — Am/nmtr.m^t' —
rough or uneven. — As'per-A'tion, n.
„'^ty (tpSr^-ty), n. [L. oMeritas.'] 1. Kougn-
surfsce, sotmd, or taste. 2. Severity ; harshness.
Sjn, — See AcBmomr.
A-sperlBUI-tOIll (A-sp2r'm&-t&s), ) a. [Or. i<nrtptio9 ;
A-ipOT'lllOIIS (-m&s), J a priv. -f crvrp^o,
vwtpfiATOfS, seed.] Destitute of seeds.
As-pcvM^ (X^p&V), V. t. [L. asperstis^ p. p. of a#-
perg^re to scatter, sprinkle; ad -f- spargei-e to strew.
Bee Spaksb.] To sprinkle ; to bespatter with foul reports.
8711. — To AsnusB ; Dbfams : Slakdbr ; Calummiatb ;
detract from : abuse : vilify. —Tooty^erMistocast upon a
pure character the imputation of offensive blemishes.
To defame is to detract from reputation by infamous
charges. Slander (etymologically the same as scandal)
' mniale, from the Latin, signify tl
and calumniate^
, siflnoify the circulating
reports to a man*s injury from malicious motives.
Ai-pcr'liOll (-pir'Ahftn), n. 1. A sprinkling, as with
water or dust. 2. An aspersing ; calumny.
As'pluat (Xs'fSlt or Xs-fXlt'), n. [Or. /(r^oArof.] 1.
Mineral pitch, or compact native bitumen, lound about
the Dead Sea (called AsphaUUe^^ or Asphaltic Lake),
also in Asia. Europe, and America. 2. A composition of
bitnmen, iHtch, lime, and gravel, used for pavements,
waterproof cement, etc. —v. /. To cover with asphalt.
[L.] Asphalt
[Or. cur^cAoc. See Daf -
J perennial flowering riant.
PAB-]^ysi-«(ls-nksnr-4). In. [NL. asphytia, fr.
hm-WrVJ (ia-fTks'J^), ) Gr. aa^^ia ; a priv. -\-
o4ni^9Uf to throb, beat.] Apparent death, or suspended
animation, as from inhaling irrespirable gases. — - AM-
9kTZl-«l, a.
As-physl-Att (-T-it), V. /. To sufTocate.
As-phys'l-ft'tifia, n. A suffocating ; suffocation.
Aafita (I^pTk), n. [F.] 1. The venomous asp. 2.
An anci<*nt piece of ordnance.
As'pio, n. [F., corrupt, of spic^ L. tpica ear, spike.]
A European lavender yielding a voUtile oil. See Spikb.
Aa'pio, n. [F., prob. fr. aspie asp.] A savory meat
jelly cuntaining fowl, game, fish, eggs, etc.
AA-ptr'ant (Is-plr'cnt), a. [P., p. pr. of aspirer.}
Aqiiring. — n. One who seeks high position.
As^-IBta (Xs^T-rXt), V. /. [L. aspirare^ -iUui, to
breathe upon, to add the breathing A ; otf -f spirare to
breath, blow.] To pronounce with a breathing, an aspU
rate, or an A sound, —ft. 1. A sound characterised hj a
breath like the sound of A; the breathing A or a chanuv
ter representing such a so^ind. 2. The Greek mark of
aspiration (*) ; the rough breathing. 3. An elementary
sound produced by the breath alone ; a surd, or nonvocal
consonant.
As'pl-rata (-rtt), ) a. [L. aspiratus^ p. p.] Pro-
As'pl-ra'tod (-rS'tM), ) nounced with the A sound.
Arpi-ratloil (-rX'shon), n. 1. An aspirating; pro-
nunciation of a letter with strong emission of breath ;
an aspirated sound. 2. A breatning ; an Inspiration.
3. Strong desire ; earnest wish ; ammtion.
As-plx^ (Ss-pir'), V. i, [L. aspirare.] 1. To desire
to attiun something high or great ; to pant ; to long. 2.
To rise ; to tower ; to soar. — As-nlr'tr (-plr^), fi.
A-sqnlllt' (A^skwlnt^), adv.
Witli the eye directed to one side ; obliquely
[Cf. Abkart, Squimt.]
I ; obliquely; awry.
[AS. atsa; akin to L. asinus^ Or. ivm
I.] 1. A quadruped of the horse kind, bat smaller,
d having long ears. 2. A dull, stupid fellow; ' *"
As'Mrtotl-dft (Ss'sA-fSta-di), n. Asafetida.
Ab-mU' (is-sX10« V. /. [OF. asaUlir; a (L. <uf) +
taillir to burst out, fr. L. satire to leap.] To attack vio-
lently. — As-Mll'A-Ut, a. — AJhWdl'AlIt, a. & n,
Syn. —See Attack.
As-MUI'slll (-sis'sTn), n. TF., fr. Ar. *fuuhithin one
Intoxicated by hashish, in which state the Assassins of
the East were said to commit murders required bv their
chief.] One who kills by ■aoret aasault ; a treadieroua
murderer.
A»-«Ui'slll-At« (-sT-nit), ff. /. To kai by nirprlae or
treacherous violence. — As-MUI'Ai-lia'tliOII. n.—As-
Ms'Ai-iia'tor, n.
Syn. — To kill ; murder ; slay. See Kill.
AJMUllllt' (-sftltOf ft. [OF. assatU, LL. assaltus; L. ad
4- snltus a roringing, salire to leap. See Assail.]
violent attack ; an onslaught; onset.— v. /. To
Syn. — See Attack.
JktHULJf(-A'),n. lOr.asai,essa(,triaL SeeEMAT,fi.]
1. Examination ; test. 2. An ascertaining the propor-
tion of a particular metal in an ore or aOoy. 3. The
alloy or metal to be assayed. —v. /. To try ; to ezamlnft
'its composition. — As-
(an ore, alloy, etc.), to ascertain i
MT'or. n.
As-Mma
lOOaca (-sema>ltj), «i. [F.] l. An assem-
bling, or being assembled ; association. 2. A coUeotion
of individuals, or of particular things.
Syn. — AssBMBLAOB ; Assbmblt ; company; gronp;
collection : concourse ; gathering ; meeting ; oonventbm.
— An assembly consists only of persons : an assemMaoe
may be composed of things as well as persons. Moris
every assemblage of persons an assembly^ as the latter d^
notes a body acting in concert for some common end.
As-iemllle (-b*l), v.t.&i. [F. assembler^ It. LL. as-
timulare to coUect ; h. ad -\- simul together.] To col-
lect into one place or body ; to convene ; to congregate.
AA-iem'bly (-bl^), n. [F. assemblie.] A company
collected in one place, usually for a common purpose.
Syn. — See Assbmblaob.
AA-fl«m'bly-IIUUl (-man), n. A member of an assem-
bly, esp. of the lower branch of a State legislature.
As-sonf (-sSntO, V. i. [F. assentir, L. assentire ; ad
4- sentire to feel, think. See Sbxsb.] To admit a thing
as true ; to express one's agreement or ooncesalon.
Syn. — To yield ; sgree ; acquiesce ; concede ; concur.
— n. An assenting : concurrence with approval.
Syn. — AftSBBT ; Consbnt : concurrence : acquiescenoe ;
approvnl : accord. — AsunU is an %nt of the understanding.
consent 01 the will or feeUngs. We assent to the views of
others wlien our minds come to the same conclusion with
theirs as to what is true or admissable. We consent when
there is such a concurrence of our will with their deairsB
that we decide to comply with their requests.
lim, rec«nt, 6rb, ryde, f^ llm, food, fcTot, out, oil, oliair, ^o, sin^, i^f^ ttien, tUn,
ASSENTATION
40
ASSURE
AfiMMattal (Sa'afo-tl'ahlln), n. [L. assentaiio.]
Inainoere or obtequioiu aaaent.
Ab-WUV (S»-fl8rf}, V. t [L. tuserere^ sfiiu*. to join
to one*a Mlf, mainUln ; ad -)- terere to bind togevaer.] 1.
To afflnu strongly ; to state positively. 2. To nutiutain
by words or measures. —A«-Mlt'«r, As-MTfor, n.
8yn* - To Assnr ; Avfibm ; Uaivtaui ; Vihdicatb ;
aver ; aaseTerate ; protest ; pronounce ; declare. — To
astert is to fasten to one's sielf, and hence to daim. To
affirm is to declare as true. To maintain is to uphold
sud insist npon what we hare once asserted. To viti-
dicate is to use language and meanres of tlie strongest
kind in defense of ourselTss and those for whom we act.
Aaam'lkm (•sSr'shfin), ». l. An asserting; that
which is asserted; affirmation; position advanced.
2. Maintenance ; Tindicatioo.
AB-WUViW (-sSrtar), a. Positive ; peremptory.
AA-MTt'O-ry (-^-r^), a. [L. atserloHutt fr. o#«efrrv.]
Affirming; maintaining.
Aiawr (-sSsO, V. t. [OP. attmtMr to settle, LL.
asseuare to i^ue for taxation, auidere to tax. Cf . As-
■UB,!!.] 1. To value for taxation. 2. To tax (a person,
estate, or inoome) according to an apportionment. 3. To
fix the rate of. — Al mi^A-Ma, c
(-ment), n. 1. An assessing. 2. A
valuation of propertv for taxation ; an adjudging of the
proper sum to be levied on property. 9. The sum levied.
4. An apportionment of a suDscription for stock into
sncoessive installments; also, one of these installments.
AMmma'or (-sir), n. [L.] 1. One who assisU a
Jndm or magistrate with his special knowledge of the
subject to be decided. 2. An associate in ofBce. S. One
who iwiBHi persons or property for taxation.
Ai'Mt (is'set), n. Any part of one's assets.
As'MtSt f». Pf. [F. ogseM enough, fr. L. otf -f $aH*
enough. Of. BATisrr.] Property belonging or due to
a person, corporation, or estate ; — opposod to liabUitie*.
AMmWn-§H (Is-sSv^r-lt), V. t. [L. assei^erart^
HiltMr, to assert seriously ; ad 4* *evenu. Bee BxvaRi.]
To alBrm positively or solemnly. — AS-MT'«r-Atloil, n.
Srn.-BeeAmKif.
As-gld^-ODft (-sTd'A-fis), a. [L. astiduus, fr. as-
iiden to sit near ; ad -f- *edh^ to sit.] 1. Constant in
annllcation or attention. 2. Performed with constant
diligenoe ; persistent. — As-ildll-ailS-lT, adv. — Am-
IM^-OM^MM, Arii-«1l1-ty (l8'sT-4inY ty). n.
Syn. — Diligent ; attentive : sedulous ; unwearied ;
onintermitted ; persevering; laborious; Indefatig^le.
illlgll^ (-«nO« *'' '• [F. ataiffner^ f r. L. a**ignare ;
9d 4- aignart to mark out, designate, tignum mark, sign.]
1. To appoint ; to allot ; to make over. 2. To fix or
designate ; to point out exactly. 9. To make over to
anotner, esp. to legally transfer to persons called a*-
iigneeSy for the benefit of creditors. — >fi. One to whom
property is transferred. — Aft-lig]|'«r. n.
As4AK]l'ft-1>le(-4-b'l),a. - " ■
•pecifled, or designated. - '
Ai'^-natiaii (Is'sTg.
or allotting ; apportionment. 2. An appointment of time
and place for meeting ; — used chiefly of love interviews.
As'glgn-«t' (Ss'sT-nS'), ft. ir.auiffn^. Bee Assign.]
One to whom something is assigned.
Aft-giflllllMIt (Is-aln'ment), n. 1. An allotting or
appointment. 2. (a) Legal transfer of title or interest.
(6) The writing bv which an interest is transferred, (r)
Transfer of a wuilcnipt*s property to auiffnees^ in whom
it is vested for the benefit of creditors.
Antgn-or' (Xs^sT-ndrO* n. [L. a*9ignator.'\ An
assigner ; one who legally assigns or transfers an interest.
ilrtnl-Ulte (Ks-sTroa-IIt). V. t. [L. OMimilare^
-ahu; ad -f Hmiiare to make like, simiHs like.] 1. To
cause to resemble. 2. To appropriate and incorporate
into alike substance; to absorb (nourishment, etc.).—
V. i. To become incorporated.
As-ltm'1-lAtloll, n. 1. An assimilating or bringing to
— MM rni^urwft n.
), a. Capable of being assigned,
. — A•-■lipl'A-btt'^t7, n.
tg-ni'sh&n), n. 1. An assiffning
a resemblance or identity ; the being so assimilated , S.
Conversion of nutriment into the substance ot an ani-
mal or vegetable body, by digestion and absorption.
As-atml-Ul-tlT* (Xs-sTmAlLtTv), a. lading to
assimilate.
As-ilsl' (-sTstO, v.t.&i. [L. auitten; ad + sUlen
to cause to stand, f r. start to stand.] To support ; to
help. — As-ilsl'ailM. M. — As-slst'aBt, a,&H.
8yn. — To help; aid: second; baok; support; reUere;
succor : befriend ; sustain j favor. Bee Hblt.
As-nif (-sUO, fi. [OE. & OF. astUe, F. osKsss, as.
sembly of Judges, decree, tax, fr. auU^ p. p. of a$aeoir.
fr. L. auidtrt to sat by ; od -{- aedire to dt. Bee Aasass. j
(a) A special Jury or inquest (6) A kind of writ or
finding of a Jury, (c) A court or session of a court, for
trials by a Judge and jury.— v. /. To fix the weight,
measure, or price of. — As-Ctl'«r, fi.
AjhM'alA-ble (•s8'sh*-b'l), a, 1. Capable of being
associated or Joined. 2. Liable to be affected by sym-
pathy with other parts ; — said of omns, nerves, etc.
AjhM'Gl-att (-shT-it), v.t.&L [L. assoeiare, -attts;
ad -j- aociart to unite, sociu* companion.] To iotn or
connect ; to combine ; to unite in action. — o. 1. Closely
connected with some other. 2. Admitted to some, but
not all, rights and privileges. 3. Connected bv phydcal
habitof sympathy.— n. 1. A ompanion. 2. A p«rt>
ner or confederate. S. One connected with an associa-
tion without the full rights of a regular ipember.
8yn. — Companion ; mate : fellow ; friend ; ally ; part-
ner; coadjutor; comrade; accomi^ce.
As-M'Gl-Allai (-sT-rshOn or -shT-S'shfin), n. 1. An
associatinff or being associated ; union. 2. Mental oon-
nection. 3. Union of persons in a company or society. —
As-M'Gl-Allon-al, «. — A«-gO'el^-tlT» (-shT-i4Tv), a.
As'lO-IUUit (Ss'sA-n«rnt), a. [L. aMonann^ p. pr. of
atsonare to correspond to in sound ; ad -f aanare to
sound, sonus sound.] 1. Having resemblance of sounds.
2. Pertaining to a peculiar spMies of imperfect rhyme
called auonance ; not consonant. — As'lO-llAIIM, n,
At-MIt' (is-sdrtQ, V. t. [Y. agaorttr; h (h. ad) -^
sotiir to cast lots, L. sorting fr. «or«. aotiiSy lot. Beie
BosT.] Todistribute into classes; to classify. — r. <. To
sgree ; to suit.
AtHMTtllltllt, fi. 1. An assortins, or distributl^
into sorts or classes. 2. A quantity of t
3. A collection of various things.
! tUngs I
t>utiiu|
orted.
As-SIUIgO' (-swtJOt f . t' [OF. (uuagier, fr. L. arf +
suarU sweet.] To soften, aflay, or lessen (heat, pain,
or grief) ; to satisfy (sppetite). — As-flWIgt'lMIlt, n,
8jn. — Bee Allbviatb.
As-rame' (-sum'), r. /. [L. assumere; ad -)- mmere
to take ; mb -f emere to take.] 1. To take to or upon
one*s self ; to appropriate. 2. To take for granted, or
without proof. 3. To pretend to possess ; to affect. 4.
To receive or adopt, —v. i. To be arrogant.
8yn. — To arrogate ; usurp ; appropriate.
As-fimilllf:, a. Pretentious ; presumptuous.
II As-ffvmp'nt (-sQmp'sTt), fi. [L., h» undertook,
pret. of L. aMumrre.] (a) A pronuse or undertaking,
founded on a consideration. (6) An action to recover
damages for breach of a contract or promise.
As-snmptlon (-sliOn), n. [L. asMumptio a takfaag, fr.
atsuTnere.'] 1. An assuming; a suppoMtion. 2. ^ing
supposed ; proposition assumued. 3. The minor propo
sition in a syllogism. 4. The taking of a person up into
heaven.
As-SUmptlT* (-tTv), a. Assnmed, or capable of be-
ing assumed ; characterised by assumption.
As-rar'ailM (4-shnr'ans), n. [F. Bee Assuu.] 1.
An assuring ; a decUutition tending or designed to give
confidence. 2. The being assured ; firm persuasion :
confidence; certainty; self-relianoe. 3. BToess of
boldness; impudence. 4. Insurance.
As-SUn' ( A-shnr'), V. /. [F. auurer ;L.ad-\- mewnu
21, 8, 1, 3, a, long ; ft, d, 1, 6, il, % short ; sen&te, (vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cftre, i&rm. Ask, ^ final.
ASSURED
41
■More, oOTtein.] 1. To make fun or oertaln. 2. To
daclan to {may toe) In order to inspire ooofidenoe. 9.
To confirm ; to make aecure. 4. To ineare ; to covenant
to indemnify tor loaa, or to pay a apecified sum at death.
Syn.— To declare ; aver ; aroocn : vouoli ; aaaert ; aa-
aererate ; proteat ; perauade : conTince.
As-OTrad' (4-ahi|rd')f a. Made sure ; safe ; insured ;
eertnin ; bold to exceaa. — n. One whoae life or property
ia inaured. — A«-0lir'«d-ly, adv. — A«-0lir'«d-lMM, n.
Aalor (fti'tSr), «. [L. ; Or. mtt^p atar.l A genus of
flowering herbs ; atarwort ; also, a plant oi which manv
TArietiea {China asters^ German a*terM, etc.) are culti-
rated for their handaome compound flowers.
As'tir-Ul^Ul (-Tda-on), a. Pertaining to the Aste-
rk^daa. "^n. A starfish.
B AB'Wxtr^»A'%^ (fa-t»'rT-oId'«-*), I «. pi. [NL.. fr.
iA»'t«r-ld'*-a(it't8r-Tdt-4V I Or. currtpioc
starred (fr. i^rifp) + -oM.] A daaa of EchbiodennaU
tochidtng the true starflahea.
AslOT-llk (-Tsk), n. [Or. a^rcpiiraof, dim. of dor^p.]
Flfore of a atar [*] naad in printhig and writinfr.
Aaltr-lm (-ii*ni), n. [Or. AtrnfitaiUft fr. Jlontp.]
1. A amall cluster of stars. %. In printing, three aster-
iaks [%*] directing attention to a particular paasage.
' (A.st«mO, adv. [Pref. o- -f- «/em.]
or at the hinder part of a ship ; toward the stem; back
ward. 2. Behind a ahip; in the rear.
A-flttr'lUd (A-stSr'nol), a. [Pref. a- not -f- stemnl.'\
Not sternal ; — said of rllM which do not join the sternum.
AM^Ui-^tA (fti'tir-oid), n. [Or. Atrrtpott^ sUrllke ;
iLffr4p + st^oc form.] A starlike body ; one of the small
planets between Mars and Jupiter. — Aa'tW-^UL'tCL a.
I As'tlM-Bl'A (ia'tht-n!'4), t n. [Or. Aa0tytia ; i priv.
AstkMty (is'thS.nf ), ] 4- a€4nH strength..]
Want of atrensth ; debility.— As-tBMll0 (Is-thSnTk), a.
AjthfOyi (Is'mi, Is'mi, or Ssf mA), n. [Or. a<r9/uui
■bort-drawn breath, fr. itiy to blow : of. B. wind.] A
dlseaae characterized by difllcult breathing. — Asth-
wutHfta (.mlt^k), Asth-nutlo-Al, a.
A-sttrHUI-tlsm (&-stTg'mi-tTs'm), n. [Or. & priv. +
•Tt'yria.'y^a'nK,a prick of a pointed instrument, fr. trrl^tiy
to prick. J The defect, in the eye or a lens, of not bring-
faoff rays of light to a focus, thus causing imperfect im-
agea. ^Aa^ng-WUiVUi (Is'tTg.mltak}. a.
* " ' (A-et^r'), adv. & a. [Pref. a- -f stir.} Stir-
ling ; in motion ; out of bed.
A-StOOl'A-tOIUI (A-stSm'A-ttts), \a. fOr. A prir. +
Aa'tO^BMIIS (ib^td-mfls), ) vTbiia, (rrd^&aTOf,
iDoath.] Not possesring a mouth.
AS-mfllll (as-t5nTsh), r. t. [OE. attonierty OF. eston-
ner^ fr. L. ex out -|- tonare to thunder.] To strike with
•ndden terror or wonder ; to surprise greatly ; to con-
found. — Afl-tonlih-liif , a.
8711. — See Amau.
As-tOttilll-IIMIIt, A. 1. Condition of one stunned.
2. Inftenae surprise; amaiement. 3. Cause of such
•motion.
Stii.— Amasemrat : wonder ; surprise.
As-tOOBd' (-toundOi r. /. [OE. attmiien. See Astoii-
IBR.I To astonish ; to confound with wonder or fenr.
A-«tnid'ato (A-stridM'l), adv. [Pref. a- 4- Mtraddle.]
In a straddling position ; astride ; bestriding.
AsHm-gal (Ss'trA-gBl), n. [Or. d<rrp4iyaAof the ankle
bone.] A convex architectural molding of roimded sur-
face, generally from half to three quarters of a circle.
Aatna (Isaral), a. [L. astratU, fr. antrum star, Or.
JvT;por.] Pertaining to the stars ; sUrry ; starlike.
A-«tniK (A-striO, adv. A a. Straying ; wandeHng.
AB-tllor (la-trTkf ), r. /. [L. astHctus, p. p. of as-
Mngere. See Astsikob.] To bind up ; to contract.
AMrloHoo (-trTk'Bhifii), n. 1. A binding : restric-
tion; oMimtion. 2. (a) A contraction of bodily parts
hf appUctiions ; the action of an astringent substance on
the animal economy, {b) Constipation.
ATHENJEUM
A-«tXld«^ (i-stridOi adv. [Pref. a- + Hride.l With
one leg on each side, aa a man on boraeback ; with the
legs stretched wide apart.
As-tlllice' (is-trlnJOt v. t. [L. attringtrt ; ad ■{-
^frtn^rre to* draw tight. See Strain, v. <.] Tobindfaat;
to constrict ; to cause parts to draw together.
As-trln'CMlt (-trTn'jent), a. 1. Drawing together
the tissues ; binding ; contracting. 2. Stem ; austere.
— n. A medicine, etc., to produce contracti<m in the
soft organic texturea. — A«-tllB'(MI-oy, n.
A«-trol'0-g7 (Ss-tr51'd-j>), n. fOr. ^frrpoAoyCo, fr.
avTfMv star -{- Aoyof discourse.] Orig., science of the
stars ; later, a foretelling events by the aspects of the
stars. - AB-tlOl'0-g«r (-jSr), n. - As'tro-loclo (-I5J^),
As-tro-IOf io-al, a. [astronomy. |
An-tron'O-mcr (-trSn'ft-mSr), fi. One versed in|
As^tro-noni^ (Sa^trft-nSm^k), I a. Pertaining to aa>
As'tro-IMaiflo-fil (-T-kal), ( tronomy ; in ac-
oordcnce with the methods or principles of astronomy.
— Artro-nomio-al-ly. adv.
As-tnm'O-my (Xs-tron'ft-mV), n. [Or. dtrrooMfua, fr.
aiaroo¥ -f ¥4iA€ty to regtilate. J Science of tne celestial
bodiea aixt their phenomena.
As-tllto' (-tuf), a. [L. a*tutusy fr. astu$ oraft.]
Critically disoeraing ; shrewd. — AA-tOttlMM, n.
Syn. — Keen; nenetratlng; skilled; cunning; saga,
cious ; subtle ; wily ; crafty.
A-Sim'd«r (A'sttn'dSr), adv. [Pref. a- -f ninder.']
Apart ; separate from each other ; separately.
A.sy'lllBI (i-sin&m), ft. [L. ; Or. turvAor, fr. iavko^
inviolable; a priv. -f- oifAoy right of selsure.] 1. A
place of refuge, retreat, or security. 2. An institution
for orotection or relief of afflicted persons, aa the aged,
blina, or insane.
Amynt'llM-tlT (A-sTm'ml-trj^), n. [Or. oovyiftrrpui ;
A priv. -f wfifirrpia symmetry.] Want of symmetiy or
proportion between the parU of a thing. — Aa^ym-Biat'-
Zio (SyTm-raet'rTk), Arym-lll«t^-OU, a.
ATymp-tOte (fa ' Tm - t5t or 4 • sTmp ' Uii), n. TOr.
oov^irrwToc not falling together ; a priv. -{- aiv with -|-
n-tirrtu' to fall.] A line which approachea some curve,
but, though infinitely extended, would never meet it.
— Aa^ymp-totlo (-uk^ic), As^yiap-totlo-al, a.
A-mjBfaii-Um (i-sTn'dl-USn), n. [L. , f r. Or. MripSmmi
a priv. -f- ovi<^Toc bound together ; 9v¥ -\- ZtXv to bind.1
A rhetorical figure which omits the connective; aa, t
came, ««;, conquered ; — opposed to polysyndeton.
At {U),.prep. [AS. tU ; akin to Ootli., OS., & IceL
aty Dan. A L. nd.] Near ; in ; by ; on ; with ; toward.
8yn. — In ; At. - When reference to the interior at any
place is made prominent in Is used, as before the names
of countries and cities ; as, we live in America, in New
York, in the South. At is commonly employed before
names of houses, institutions, and small placea, also
before the name of a city regarded as a mere locality.
In regard to time, we say at the hour, on the day, in the
year.
Af A-bAl (Xf i-b«), n. [80. ; fr. Ar. at-tabl the dram.]
A kettledram ; a Moorish tabor.
At'ft-glUUl (St'i-gSu), n. A yataghan.
At'A'Vlnil (-vTs'm). n. [L. aiavus an anceetor, fr.
avf4* grandfather.] (a) Tendency to a recurrence of the
original type of a species in the progeny of its vniietiesx
resemblance to remote ancestors, (b) The recurrence of
any peculiarity or disease of an ancestor in a subsequent
generation, after an intermission for a generation or two.
Ate (at), preterit of Eat.
Alh^-llt (ftlil-Tst), n. [Or. oBtot without god ; a
priv. 4- 9ti<s god. ] One who disbelieves or denies the ex-
istence of a Ood, or supreme intelligent Being. — A'tll9-
li'tlo, A'tlM-irtlo-al. a. -A'th^^my f
Ath'e-M'IIBI I (Sth't-nFOm^n. [Ij. Athenaeum, Qr.
Atll'9-IUt'lim I 'A&ijvatotf a temple of Athene at
Atliens, f r. 'A^ioj (the Minerva of tlie Roroann), tut*«l iry
goddess of Athens.] 1. A temple of Athene, at Athens.
fim, rao«nt, 6rb, r^de, fyll, lUn, food, fcMot, out, oil, obair, (o, alng;, ink, tlien, tbin.
ATHENIAN
42
ATTAINABILITY
8. A ■chool founded at Rome by Hadriftn. 3. A liter-
ary or acientiflc aaaociaUoa, library, etc.
A-tlM^-All (i-the'iiT-au), a. Pertaining to Athena,
the metropolis of Oreece. ^ n. A citizen of Athens.
A-thlnf (-th^rsf ), a. 1. Thirsty. 2. Eagel- : longing.
AthOvte (StlilSt), n. [Or. a0Aijrnc prize fighter, f r.
iBXtlv to contend for a prise, iBXo^ contest, iBKov prise. 1
One trained to contend in games of physical agility ana
strength; a champion.
Ath-lCtlO (-letTk), a. 1. Pertaining to athletes or
athletics. 2. Befitting an athlete ; strong ; muscular.
Atll-ltflCHI, n. Training and sports of athletes.
A-thwarf (i-thw^rt'), prep. [Pref. a- -f- thwart.}
Across; from side to side of. — adr. 1. Sidewise;
obliquely. 2. Perversely.
A-tUr (4-tTlt'), adv. [Pref. a- + tilt] 1. 8o asto
make a tilt or thrust. 2. In the position of a cask tilted.
At'Un-te'ail (It'lIn-tS'an}, a. [L. Atlantetu.) 1.
Pwtainiug to the isle Atlantis, fabled to be sunk in the
ocean. 2. Pertaining to, or like, the giant Atlas ; strong.
II AMantM (-tSs), n. pi. [Gr. * ArAoyrtf , pi. of *ArAav.]
Figures of men, used as columns to support an entabh^
ture ; — called also telamcnes. See Cartatidbs.
At-UBHO (-tTk), a. [L. Atlantieus, fr. Atltu.} 1.
Pertaining to Mt. Atlas in Libya, or to the ocean between
Europe and Africa on the east and America on the west.
2. P^rtainbig to tlie isle of Atlantis.
Atlai (Stias), n. [Or. *ArAac, -ayTOf, a god, who
bore up the pillars of heaven ;
also Mt. Atlas^ in Africa, the
pillar of heaven.] 1. One sus-
taining a great burden. 2. The
first vertebra of the neck, sus-
taining the globe of the head.
S. A collection of maps in a
Tolume, or of plates illustrating
any subject. 4. A drawing pa-
per of large site.
Atrmos-phere ( SfmSs-fSr ),
R. [Gr. ii>A(k vapor -f ff^otpa
sphere.] 1. The aeriform fluid
surrounding the earth. 2. The
pressure of the air at the sea J^
level, about 14.7 pounds to the ^■
square inch. 3. Any pervading "%
i n fl u e n c e. — ArmiMllMrio
(•fSr^), At'imw-plMrlo-al, a.
A-tQli' (i-t810* n- [NaUve
name in Indian Ocean.! A
coral island, consisting of a belt of coral reef, partly
submerged, surrounding a central lagoon.
Atoll.
Af Om (Ittlm), n. [Or. arouov uncut, indivisible ; a
priv. -f To^^, verb. adj. of riftytiM to cut] 1. (a) An
ultimate indivisible particle of matter. (6) A molecule,
(r) The smallest particle of matter in chemical combinn-
tion ; an elementary constituent of a molecule. 2. Anv-
thinjr extremely small ; a particle; a whit. — A-tOm'io
(&.tJSmTk), A-tomlO-Al, a.
Afom-lm (Sffim-Tz^m), fi. The doctrine of atoms,
which, assuming tliat atoms are endued with gravity and
motion, accounted thus for the origin of all things.
Af Om-llt. n. One who holds to atomism.
Aflom-lBO {-lt\ r. t. To reduce to atoms, or to fine
spray. — AroiB-l-I%tloll. n.
Afom-I'MT (-i'zSr), f«. One that atomises; an in-
strument for reducing a liquid to spray.
At on*' (wiin'V In concord or friendship ; In agree-
ment (with each other) ; of the same opinion ; agreed.
Atlas.
A'UU^ (*-tSnO. t'. <• [Fr. at one, i. e., to be, or
cause to be, at one.] To stand as an equivalent; to
make compensation or amends. -> v. /. To expiate.
A-teil«lllMlt, n. Satisfaction or reparation for a
wrong ; expiation ; amends ; in theology, the expiation
of sin made by the sufferings and death of Christ.
A-toalO (-tSnlk), a. 1. Characterized by atony, or
want of vital energy. 2. In grammar, unaccented.
3. Destitute of tone or vocality ; surd. ^ n. 1. A word
that has no accent. 2. An element of speech produced
by the breath alone ; a nonvocal consonant ; a breathing.
3. A remedy for organic irritation.
A-top' C'^tSp'), adv. On or at the top.
Am-IA-U'rl-aii ( it'ri-bT.li'rT-^m ), Afn-M-Uilrl-
OW, Am-MllOUl (-bTKy&s), a. [L. atra bilu black
bile.] Affected with melancholy ; hypochondriac
Arra-U-Ull-ail, n. A hypocbondriac.
Arra-mental (St'rA-n.en'tal), l a. [L. atramentttm
Arra-mantOlU (-mSuaCU), ) ink, fr. ater bluck.}
Pertaining to ink ; inky ; black.
A-tfO'aOIUI (i-trCfehfis), a. [L. a/ror, afroeis^ cruel,
fierce.] Extremely heinous ; enormously wicked.
8jm. — Atbociocs ; Flagitious ; Flagrant. — Flagi-
tious points to an act as grossly wicked and vile. Fla-
grant marks the impresuon made upon the mind by
something strikingly wrong. Alrorimu represents the
act as springing from a violent and savage spirit.
A-tml-tF (a-tr8ea-ty), R. 1. Enormous wickedness ;
extreme cruelty. 2. An atrocious deed.
AtlO-phy (St'r«-fj^), n. [Gr. arpo^ut; a priv. +
rp4it€i¥ to nourish.] A wasting away from want of
nourishment ; slow emaciation. — r. I. & i. To starve
or weaken ; to waste away. — A-tnmli'lo (i-trSlTk), a.
. AfU-bftl (St'i-bU), n . A tabal.
At-ttOh' (it-ticl/), r. /. [F. attacker to fasten : cf.
E. taek small nail,f</^Ar to fasten.] 1. To bind or fasten.
2. To assign by authority ; to appoint. 3. To connect
by ties of love or self-interest. 4. To ascribe or at-
tribute ; to affix. 6. To take or seize by legal authority.
^ r. t. To adhere ; to come into legal operation ; to vest.
8yn. — To affix ; bind ; tie ; fasten ; connect ; conjoin ;
subjoin ; annex ; append ; win ; gain over ; conciliate.
II A.V\Mf€te (At'tA^slitOi "• [F't P- P« of attacher.'\
One attached to another person or thing, as a part of a
suite, staff, or embas^.
At-tAdtlllMIt (It-tlk:h'mrat), fi. 1. An attaching, or
being attached ; close adherence or affection ; fidelity.
2. That by which one thing is attached to another ; con-
nection. 3. Something attached. 4. {a) A seizure or
taking into custody by legal process. (6) The writ com-
manding such seizure.
Syn.— Attachhxnt ; ArrscnoN. — The leading idea
of affection is that of warmth and tenderness ; of attach-
tnent that of being^ bound to some object by laisting ties.
At-Uok' (SttlkO, r. t. [F. attaquer, orig. a form of
attacher to attack.] 1. To fall upon forcibly ; to assail ;
to censure. 2. To set to work upon (a task, etc.). 3.
To begin to affect injuriously. ^ r. t. To make an attack.
— n. 1. An attacking; assault. 2. A fit of sickness.
3. Beginning of destructive chemical action.
Syn. — To Attack ; Assail ; Assault : Invadb. —
These words all denote a violent onset. To attack is to
commence the onset ; to atutil is to make a Kudden and
violent attack, or repeated attacks ; to asfoult (literally,
to leap upon) is to attack pliysically by violence ; to in-
vade is to enter by force on what belongs to another.
Atta-flMIl (St'ti-gln), a. Yataghan.
At-Udn' («t-tin'), r. t. &i. [OF. nteindre, fr. L. ai-
tingcre : ad 4- tangere to touch, reach.] 1. To achieve
or accomplish; to gain; to arrive at. 2. To reach in
excellence ; to equaL — At-tatll'a-Met a. — At-Udn'A-
Ue-nMB, At-taln'a-bO'l-ty, n.
Syn. — To Attaik : Obtain ; Procurx. — Attain always
implies an effort or wotinn townnl an object. Hence it is
not synonymous with oU-tin and ymrttre^ which do not
necessarily imply such effort or motion.
ft, 9, 1, 5, a, long ; &, «, 1, 5, 0, t, short ; stnftte, tvent, Idea, 6bey, Iknite, cAre, i&rm, ask, 1^ flncM.
ATTAINDER
43
AUBURN
At-taln'dor (It-tiu'dSr), n. [OP. atmndre to moom,
oonviot.] An atUintiug, or being attainted ; extinction
of civil rigtittt, from sentence of death or outlawry.
At-t«lll1IMIIt (ftt-tSn'm^nt), n. 1. An atUunuig ; an
arriving at or obtaining by efforts. 2. Acquisition ; {jd.)
Biental requirements ; kxiowledge.
At-tainf (-tint^)f V. t. [OF. ateint, p. p. of ataindre,]
X. To subject (a person) to the legal condition formerly
resulting from a sentence of death or outlawry, for trea-
wm or felony. 2. To taint or corrupt ; to disgrace. — n.
1. A legal writ to inquire whether a jury has given a
false verdict ; the convicting of the jury so tried. 2. A
taint; disgrace. — At-tallll'lll0Bt, At-talntue, n.
At'tir (St'tSr), n. [Per. *atar perfume, Ar. 'tfr, fr.
*aiara to smell sweet.] A fragrant essential oil ; eep.,
one made from roses. [Also wifitten otto and ottar.Jl
At-tam'ptr (St-tSm'p^r), v. t, [OF. atemprety U. L.
attemperare; ad -f- temperare to soften, temper.] 1. To
reduce or moderate by mixture ; to regulate, as temper-
ature. 2. To soften or soothe ; to temper. 3. To mix
in lust proportion ; to regulate. 4. To make suitable.
Al-traipt' (4Smt^), V. t. [OF. aierUer^ atempter^ fr. L.
aUentare to attempt ; ad + tentarcy temptarcy to touch,
try, r. intern, of tendere to stretch.] 1. To make ex-
periment of ; to try. 2. To attack ; to tnr to take by
force.— A. An essay or endeavor; an undertaking.
Syn. — Attuipt; Emdbatob; Ettobt; Exxhtiow;
TkiIl. — Trial denotes a putting forth of one's powers to
determine what they can accomplish. An attempt is al-
ways directed to some definite oDject. An endeavor is a
continued attempt. Effort is a specific putting forth of
eneriry in order to carry out an attempt. Exertion is
the Mtire exercise of any faculty or power. See Tbt.
At-tMid' (-tSnd^), V. <. [F. attendre to expect, fr. L.
attendere to stretch (sc. animum) to apply the mind to ;
ruf -f foiMfere to str^oh.] 1. To care for ; to watch over.
2. To escort ; to serve. 3. To accompany ; to be united
or consequent ta 4. To be present at.
B jn. — Tb Attebto : Mum ; Rboako ; Hod ; NoncB. —
To mind is to attend so that it may not be forgotten t to
regard is to look on a thing as of Importance ; to heed is
to attend to a thing througn caution ; to notice is to think
on that which strikes the senses. See AocoMrAmr.
— V. <. 1. To pay attention or regard ; to heed ; to lis-
ten. 2. To accompany or be near at hand ; to be ready
for service ; to wait. 3. (With to) To take charge of.
Srn. — To AimrD : LuTiif ; Hba&kxv. — We attend
with a view to hear and learn ; we listen with fixed atten-
tion, in order to hear correctly, or to consider what lias
been said : we hearken when we listen with a willing
mind, and hi reference to obeying.
At-tanfl'aaM (-tfin'dons), n. l. An attendhig or
being in waiting. 2. Persons attending ; a retinue.
At-tMlft'ABt (-tStt'dont), a. Accompanyhig, con-
nected with, or immediately following ; consequent. — n.
One who attends or accompanies ; a concomitant.
At-tonlkll (-tSn'shOn), n. 1. An attending or heed-
ing ; notice. 2. An act of civility or courtesy.
Syn. — Care ; heed ; study ; considerati<m ; applica-
tion ; advertence ; respect : regard.
AX'tnftiW (-tlv), a. 1. Rerarding with care or atten-
tion. 2. Heedful of the comfort of others ; courteous.
— At-tenalT^-ly, adv. — At-t«l'tiT»-lMM. n.
Stii. —Heedful ; intent ; observant ; mindful ; regard-
ful ; circumspect ; watchful.
At-tMI^-ant (-tt-ont), a. [L. attenuans^ p. pr. of
aitenuare. See Attekuats.] Making thin, as fluids;
diluent. «» n. A medicine that thins the fluids.
At-tMI^-at« (-at), tr. /. [L. aUenuatiu, p. p. of at-
tenuare; ad ■{- tenuare to make thin, tenuis thin.]
1. To make thin or slender; to rarefy. 2. To make
less complex ; to weaken. — r. i. To become thin or fine ;
to lessen. — At-t«l'U-ate (-tt), At-t«n'a-«'tod, a.
At-tm'll-A'tiail (-E'shfin), n. 1. A making, or being,
rfender ; emaciation. 2. A making thhi or less dense, as
ftnida or gases. 3. A weakening in hitensity.
At-tMf (St488tO, V. t. TU attestaH; ad-{-tutari to
bear witness, testis witness.] 1. To bear witness to ; to
certify. 2. To give proof of ; to manifest.— n. Testi-
mony ; attestatioo. — At'tM-tft'tlmi, n.
At'tiO (St'tXk), a. [Gr. 'Arrueik.] Pertainii« to At-
tica, in Greece, or to Athens, iu capital ; refined.
At'tio, n. [F. oUiqueA 1. (a) A low story above the
main orders of a fagade, in classical architecture. (6) A
room behind that part of the exterior ; story next below
the roof. 2. An Athenian.
At'tl-Qim (St'tT-sTs*m), n. 1. Attachment to the
Athenians. 2. The Greek idiom used by the Athenians;
a concise and elegant expression.
At-tiro' (-tir'). V. t, [OF. atirier ; a (L. fl<f ) -f F. t-re
order.] To dress ; to adorn. — n. 1. Dress ; headdress ;
ornamental clothing. 2. Antlers of a stag.
Attl-tlld« (it'tT-tud), n. [It. attitudine, fr. L. aptut
suited. Cf. AprrruDLl Posture ; position.
Syn. — ATTrruoB ; Postdbb. — Both of these words de-
scribe the visible disposition of the limbs. Posture relates
to Dosition merely ; attitude refers to fitness for some spe-
cific object. The object of an attitude is to exhibit some
internal feeling. Posture has no such design.
Artl-tu'dl-nlie (-tCdT-niz), V. i. To assume affected
attitudes ; to strike an attitude ; to pose.
At-toll«lt (St-t511«nt), a. [h. attoUens, p. pr. of
attollere ; ad -f tollere to lift.] Lifting up ; raising.
At-tOTlieT (St-tflr'nj^), n. [OF. aiorni^ p. p. of
atomer to direct, prepare ; a (L. ad) -)- tomer to turn.]
(a) One lenllv appointed by another to transact business
for him. (6) A legal agent oualified to act for suitors and
defendants tn legal proceedings.
Power, totter, or warrant, of attomsy, written authority
empowering another person to transact one's business.
At-torlMy-sU^, ». Profession of an attorney ; agency
for another.
At-«raof (-trikf ), r. t. [L. aitractus, p. p. of attra-
here; ad -f- trahere to draw. See Tbacb, v. /.] 1. To
draw to, or cause to approach, adhere, combine, or re-
sist seuu-ation. 2. Toinvite or allure.— At-tnurt'A-ttto,
a. — At-traot'A-U^-iMM, At-traof ft-Mll-ty, n.
Sjn, — To draw ; allure ; invite ; entice ; influence.
At-tnurt11e (-T1), a. Having power to attract.
At-tnu/tkm (-trSk'shiin), n. 1. An invisible power
in a body by which it draws anything to itself; the
powter in nature tending to draw together bodies, or to
f>roduce their cohesion. 2. An attracting. 3. An allur-
ng or inviting ; an attractive quality, object, or feature.
Sjm. — Allurement ; enticement ; charm.
At-timotlFe (-trSktTv), a. 1. Having power to at-
tract or draw. 2. Inviting ; pleasing. — At-tTAOf lT»-ly,
adv. — At-tiaotlve-limMt n.
At-traot'or (-Sr), n. One that attracts.
Attn-hmit (St^ri-hrat), a. [L. atlrahens, p. pr. of
attrahere. See Attbact.] Attracting ; drawii^. — ».
That which attracts, as a magnet.
At-trlb'llte (St-trTydt), v. t. [L. aUribuere, -butus;
ad 4- tribuere to bestow.] To ascribe ; to impute ; to
consider as belonging (to). — At-tltb'll-tA-lllO, a.
Sjn. — See Ascbibb.
At'tli-lmte (It'trT-but), n. That which Is attributed ;
an essential property or characteristic.
Artrl-lm'tkm (-bu'shlin), n. 1. An attributing or
ascribing. 2. That which is attributed.
At-tnb^-tlTe (St-trTy<i-tTv), a. Attributing ; express-
ing an attribute. —n. A word denoting an attribute;
word modifying a noun ; adjective or adjective phrase.
At-tllt*' (-trif), a. [L. atterercy -tritiu ; ad-\- terere
to rub. See Tbitb.] Rubbed ; worn by friction.
At-trl'ttOll (-trlsh'fin), n. 1. A nibbing together;
friction : abnudon. 2. State of being worn.
Attune' (St-tSn'), v. t. [Pref. atf- -ffMn«.] To tune
or put in tune ; to adjust (rnie soirad to another).
Anlrain (A'blim), a. [OF. albome^ aubome^ fr. LL.
albumus whitish, fr. L. alhts white.] Reddish brown.
fSra, recent, 6rb, ryde, fyll, llm, food, fdbt, out, oU, oliair, go, sins, igk, ttien, thin.
AUCTION
44
AUSTERITY
adv, — All'da'-
m, (nk'ihaii), n, [L. audio an increMfaiff, fr.
L. au^ere, awtum. to increue.] 1. A pubUc «de of
property to tb« hifhMt bidder; » Tenaue. 2. The
things to be sold by auction. — v. t. To aell by auction.
Aua^tUmmi* (-&')« >•• One who Mil* by auoUoo. —
V. I. To mU by auction ; to auction.
An-^'OiOlU (ft-di'ablU), a. [L. audaeia audacity, fr.
mutaXf "OeiSf bold, fr. audere to dare.] 1. Darmg;
adventoroua. 2. Contemning restrainu ; bold in wick-
edneaa ; inaolent. — Av-dA'dlOUi'ly
daoB-mm, Au-Oaol-ty (-u&'f-ty). n.
Att'dl-ttto (f|'dT.b'l), a. [LL. audibtiu, fr. L. andire
to hour.] Capable of being heard. — All'dl-U^-IMM,
Att'dl-bUl-tyt n. — AVdl-Uy, adv.
All'41-«IIM (-^na), n. [F. ; L. audientia, fr. aiMfiVe.]
1. A hearing. 2. Admittance to a hearing; a formal
interview. 3. An aaaembly of hearera.
Att'dl-phOlM (-fSn), n. [L. audire + Or. ^mini sound. ]
An instrument to be placed against the teeth and couTey
■ound to the audit<»7 nerre, enabling the deaf to hear.
Au'dit (A'dTt), ». [L. aii</i/tM aheadng, fr. audire.]
An examination, eap. of accounts by proper officers ; final
account, -^v.t.&u To examine and adjust (accounts).
Anfdl-tor (ll'dl-tSr), n. 1. A hearer or listener. 2.
One authorixed to examine accounta. 3. One who hears
judicially, as in an audienoe court. -- Au'di-tor-fllllp, n.
Ardi-tO^-IIBI (.tyrLOm). ». [L.] The part of a
church, theatre, etc, assifned to the audience.
AVdl-tO-nr (-td*(t)t <*• Pertaining to hearing, or to
the sense or ornna of hearing. — n. 1. An assembly of
bearers; anau^ence. 2. An auditorium.
Aa-gt'All (leJS'an), a. 1. Pertaining to Augeus,
king of EUa, whose sUble contained 3000 oxen, and had
not been cleaned for 30 yeara. Heroulea cleanaed it in a
day. 2. Exceedingly filthy or corrupt.
Au'gwr (ygSr), n. [OS. nauget\ A8. nqfegar^ fr.
na/u nave of a wheel -f- g&r spear,
meaning orig. anaTe>bore.] 1. A
oarpenter*B tool for boring holes
larger than those bored by a gim-
let. 2. An instrument for per-
forating aoils or rocks.
Ml, a bit with .. ,
B that of an anger.
■ ,». [ASTau ,
ever -f- wiAJL Bee Ay» ever, and
WmT, Wight.] Anything ; any
part. — ffrfr. At all; in any de-
gree. [Also written ought.]
AOff-mtlir (nv-mSnt^), V. t. A
i, [L. avgmentare^ fr. augmen-
turn an increase, f r. augert to in-
crease.] To enlarge; to increase in else, amount, or
degree ; to swell. — Allff-meilfa-iao, a.
Anfmont (jw'ragnt), n. l. Eulargement by addition.
2. A vowel prefixed, or a lengtbeninv of the initial vowel,
to mark pant time, as in Oreek and Sanskrit verbs.
Anf^mtn-ta'tloil (M'men-ti'ah&n), n. An augment-
ing by addition, expansion, or dilatation ; enlargement.
8yn. — Increase ; growth ; extenaion ; addition.
AOff-maiira-tlve (Ag-minfi-tTv), a. Augmenting;
expreasing augmenUtion. »n. A word expresning with
increased force the idea of the term from which it in de-
rived ; as, dullard^ one very dull. Opp. to diminutive.
Av'glir (n'gfir), n. [L.] A Roman official diviner who
foretold events from various aiflms ; soothsayer ; prophet.
—> V. «. & f. To conjecture from si^n or omens ; to in-
dicate a favorable or an unfavorable iRRue.
Syti. — To prt^dirt ; forebode ; b«>tok<»n ; portend ; pre-
■age : prognosticatA : propltesy ; f orpwaru.
An'ffU-ral (ft'ird-ra]). An-gll'll-tl, n. Pertaining to
augiirn or augiiry ; nminoun ; ftignificant.
An'cn-ry (R'pft-iJ), n. 1. A foret«»lllng events from
signs ; divination. 2. An omen ; prenaee.
Awsr Mt, a bit with a cutting
edge like that of an aitger.
Avibt (at), n. [KW.&wiht;A
Common Sersw Anger.
A«-g«r iltffla^, a. [L. auguahuA Of a qualltf
inspiring admiration and reverence; naving aoteom
dignity or grandeur. — An-gngymfg, ft.
By n. — Grand ; magnificent ; majestic ; solemn ; aw-
ful ; noble ; stately ; dignified ; imposing.
Av'ffUlt (A^glUt), a. [L. Augustut, fr. Augustus
Cesar, first emperor of Rome.] The eighth moath of (he
year.
Allll(Kk),fi. [AkintoIceL&Sw.otta.] The pafBn,
an arctic sea bird.
AvOlo (Rnik), a. [Gr.
ovAuc^, f r. ovAi^ hall, oourt.]
Pertaining toa royal court.
A«llt(&nt),fi. [OF. oale,
F. tanU, L. amiia father's
sister.] The sister of one*s
father or mother ; — oorrela*
tive to n«pAew or Ri«ee. Alao
iHM>Ued to an uncle's wife.
II AuttL (afrA), n.; pL
AuRji(.r«). T:L.,air.] Any
subtile, invisible fluid ex-.
haled from a substaDoe.
An'nd.a.
AWf9l('ral),a. [L. oitrit -^r^
ear.] Pertaining to the ea
AVm-tod (-rt-tM),
°aS}?«S. .. Uk. or «». ^"^^ -«"Tiit* • •«"-
ninggold; gilded.
itt^^tt (f|'rt4t), a.
An^n^U rfl'rt4t), a. [L. aureatus, fr. aureus
golden, fr. avrum.'] Golden ; gilded.
II Au-ff O-lA (-rl^-lA), I
Aul^-Ole (ft'rI-Sl), ^
n. f P. aurMe^ fr. L. aure-
ola (fena. adj.), of gold, dim.
of aureus.! A halo of light, or luminoua raya."
AWrUtB (»'rT-k'l), ft. [L. auricula, dim. of auris
ear.] 1. (a) The external ear. (6) One of the two
chamberaof the heart, which transmit blood to the ven-
tricle. 2. An instrument to aid heitfing.
Att-riCtt-Ur (ft-rlk'tt-Wr). a. 1. Pertaining to the
ear, or to hearing. 2. Told in the ear, or privately. 3.
Pertaining to the auricles of the heart.
An-ik/n-late (-lit), i o. Having ears or appendages
Attrio^-lA'tod, J likeeara. ri— -a-
Av-rtfor-ODft (fj-rTf^r-tta), o. [L. aurf/er; aurum
gold -f- /erre to bear.] Producing gold.
Av'rl-lorm (n'rl-fCrm), a. [L. auris ear -4- -/orwt,}
Having ttte form of the human ear ; ear-shaped.
Anltet (-rTst), n. One skiUed in disorders of the ear.
An'rOOka (ft'rSka), n. [G. auerochjty OHG. ^rokso ;
fir (cf. AS. fir) -|- ohso ox, G. ochs.\ The European bison.
Av-ro^ (li-J"5^)» n. [I^] 1. The dawn of day.
2. The rise, dawn, or beginning. 3. The aurora borealis
or aurora australis. — Av-roTral, a.
Aorora borsalls (bC^rMnTs), a lumhions meteoric phe-
nomenon, supposed to be of electrical origin ; northern
lights. — Aorora aastralls (f^trft'ITs), a corresponding
phenomenon in the southern hemisphere.
II AuTom (a'riim), n. [L.] Gold.
Au^onl-U'liOll (ftVk&l-ti^shtin). n. [L. auseuUaHo,
fr. au^ntttare to listen, fr. aurit ear.] X. A listening.
2. Examination by sounds in the chest, indicating health
or disease.
Alu'idM (fts^pTs), n. ; pt. Arsncm (-pT-sSs). [L. an-
spieium^ fr. axHs bird -f- spicere to view.] 1. A taking
omens by observing birds ; indication as to the futura
2. Protection; patronage; guidance.
Ans-sl'oloni (f^pTsh'tls), a. Having good omens;
favorable ; propitious. — Ans-pI'dOU-ly , adv.
Ans-tanr (RS-t«r'), a. [L. augterwt, it. Gr. ovon^p^,
fr. aveiK to dry.] 1. Sour and astringent to the taste.
2. Severe in jndginir or acting. 3. Unadorned ; severely
Himpie. — Ans-tenay, adv. — Ans-terefneM, Ant-
teH-ty (§--t»rT-ty), ».
Syn. — Har«h ; sour; stem ; severe ; rigorous; strict.
fi, S, 1, 5, a, long ; &, 6, 1, 6, 0, fr, short ; aenftte, (vent, tdea, 6bey, <knite, c4re, Jim, iUk, |^1, flnoL
AUSTRAL
45
AYEBSE
Maanm Olt^tral), 0. [L. mutralitt it. wut^r ttM
■OQtli wind.] SonUMrn.
Anrtnl-A'iiMI (-i^aban), a. Portaioinff to Auiknl-
•lift, "vfi* An inhabltent of Auttraluia.
A«»-tniai-«]| (4riaX-an)« a. PerUluiog to AuttnOift.
— fu An inhabitant of Australia.
Aaa^ttl^Ul (ns'trT-an), a. Pertaining to Aoatria. »
fi. An Inhabitant of Auiitria.
An-tlMllllO (A-tbSntTk), a. [Gr. av0fm«^ real au-
tbOT. abedntemaitter; airbtaelf.] 1. Having a genuine
origmal or aothoritv ; not of doubtful orlffin. 2. True ;
tnutworthv ; eredible. ~ Au-tllMI'tllHd-ly, adv,
8yn. — AUTHMi'io ; Oihvuib. — These word* refer to
'1 documents. We call a document genuine when
.t can be traced back to its author, meaning that it is not
ohaosed from the originaL we call it authmiic when,
on batng thus traced back, it may be relied on as true
and anthoiltatiTe ; hence Its extended signification, /nuf-
Aa-a«l1l-«ttt (-tT-klt), V. i. To prove authentic;
to determine as real and true. — Att-tbMI'tlHMltloil, n.
A«'tk«l-tlO'l-ty (A'thftMIsa-ty), n. The being au-
tbentic. genuine, or not corrupted.
AalMr (a^tMr), ». [L. ottetor^ tr. au^fere to pro>
dnoe. See AuonoR.] 1. Beginner of anything ; origi-
nator. 2. Compoaer of a bo<ni. — A«Hlor-6flS, n. /.
A«4feon-te-ttV« (ft-thSra-tt^Tv), a. 1. Having due
authority ; entitled to obedience or acceptance. 2. Posi-
tive ; peremptonr. — Aa-tbor^ta-ttre-iy, adv.
Att-tkorl-ty C-tj^), n. [L. auetorUaa^ fr. atkr/or. See
Aoimml] 1. Legal or rightful power ; jurisdiction. 2.
Oovemment ; the persons exercising power. [Chiefly in
0/.] 3. Olaim to be believed or obeyed. 4. Tbat '
la appealed to in support of opinions, actions, etc.
tton of an author. 8. Source: origin; ori
An't^M^rta-piiy (a't^-bt-Sg'ri-f]^),
btoaraphv.] A bfograpby written by the subject of it.
— Avto-M-ortm-iSMr, R.— Att'to-U^o-I ' ■
t which
. . J. ; wit-
neas; precedent; warrant.
Att'UMr-Ilt (f/th9r4a), r. r. {LL. auctorixare. See
AUTHOB.] 1. To clothe with authority or legal power.
2. To legalise. 9. To sanction ; to warrant. 4. To
Justify : to furnish a ground for. — All'tllOr-l>M'tlon, n.
AirtllOfHrillp, n. X State of being an author ; func-
tion of an author. 2. Source: origin; origination.
-"-'•'"" n. [i4t»/o- +
bT the subject of il
>wo-gTaplilo (-w>
d-grink). Av<tO-M>gnitt|i1lHd. a.
An-tOCmi-CJ (||rt^'rAH$^), n. rOr. a&TO«pdrvuu See
AuTOOUT.] 1. Independent or self-derived power ; ab-
solute author!^. 2. Political independence ; autonomy.
AttlO-arat (A^t^krlt), n. TOr. ovroicpanK ; o^rtft +
Mpdrot strength, gpavk strong. J An absolute sovereign ;
a despot. — ArtO-ontlO, An%-oniti»«l, a.
I AttlO-da-M^ (-cUUdO. n, [Pg., act of the faith ;
nto act (L. cuius) + rfo of the -f /< faith, fr. L. fldes.}
^nrfshment of a heretic by burning.
Att^tO^cn^C-grif),!!. [Or. ovrbTpo^ autographic :
a^rfctelT-fypdli^u' to write.] Thing written with one's
own hand ; an original manuscript ; one's own signatnie
or writing. * a. In one*s own handwriting. — Au'tO-
gripMo (-grSfTk), Airto-nrnpHifMd, a
Aa-torta-Vhy (ft-t^S^ri-fy), n. l. On
writing. 2. A lithographic process for transferring a
n. 1. One** own hand-
Au'tO-matlb (a'tt-mltak), ) a. [See /
AlftO^ll^iHd (-T-kal), f Having
of action. 2. Pertaining to, or like, an a
Automaton.] 1.
_ inherent power
automaton ; self •
S. Not volunta^ ; mechanical.
JB'A-ton ()^t9m'*-t9n), n. ; pi.
(-ti), X. AirroatATONB (-tSns). [L., fr. Or. ourrf^anH self-
acting.
Att-tOB'A-ton ()^t9m^*lt9n}, n.; pi. L. Aittoiiata
moving; avrM -f- * root m/r, manf to think.] A self-
moving machine, or one having its motive power within
Itself: ^ ^
Att-tOn'O-my (-tSn'^k-mV), n. rOr. ajkovo^^; avT6f
•elf -f- i^ttv to assign, hold, away, j The power or right
of self-government; political independence. — Att-tMl'-
1 (-maa), AntO-llomlo (l^tt-nlim^k\ a.
Aiito-typ«(aa«-Up),fi.
A»lt»«r ilfVSp-sf), n, [Or. a&refia, fr. afifwrrof
leen by one's self ; avrsc -j- ^rtfc seen.] Apoat-mortem
lAutO"^ -tme,} 1. Afao-
2. A picture printed from a gelatin plate.
Aii'tlllllll(ft'tnm),n. [h. auclumnuit autumnus.'] 1.
The third season of the year, or season between summer
and winter, often called "the faU.*' 2. The time of
maturity or decline ; latter portion. — Au-tlUlllial, a.
Anz-lliA-ry (9gs*Tl'y&-r/; 26), a. [L. auxUiariut, fr.
ouxt/ium help.] Helping; assisting; subsidiary. — n. 1.
A helper; confederate. 2. pi. Foreign troops in the
service of a nation at war. 3. A verb which helps to
form the voioes, modes, and tenses of other verba.
A-yall' (A-tUO. V- t' [F. h {h. Qd)-\- vaMr to be
worth, fr. L. valere to be strong. See YALiAirr.] 1. To
be of service to ; to help. —v. i. To be of use ; to an-
swer the porpoee. — > n. 1. Profit; advantage toward
success; value. 2. pi. Proceeds.
Syn. — Use; benefit; utility; profit; service.
A-yall'A-llito, o. Such as one mav avaU one's aelf
of ; convertible into a reeoorce. — i Tlfl't tilt lim
A-¥all^A-blll-ty, n. — A-TAll'A-Uy, Oifv.
Av'A-lailolir (Sv^A-llnoh^), n. [F., fr. avaler to de-
acend, fr. aval down ; h (L. ad) -f ro/, L. valliSt valley.]
1. A large body of anow eliding down a mountain aide.
2. A sudden or irreaistible descent of anything.
AVa-llM (-rTs), n. [F. ; L. avaritia^ f r. avanu ava-
ricious.] Exoeaaive desire of gain ; cupidity.
AT'a-rl'otoni (-rTah'Oa), a. Oreedy for wealth.—
AT^a-rl'douhly, adr. — AT'a-il'oloiw-iiiM, n.
Syn. — AvABicioiTs : Cotbtous; PABsmoznoua ; Pivn-
BiouB ; MniELT ; NioaABOLT ; greedy ; stingy : close. —
The avariciotts eagerly desire wealth to hoajxl it The
covetous grasp after it at the expense of othersjthough a
man may be covetous and yet a spendthrift. The p^nv-
rious.parsimonioiu,, and miserly save money by disgrace-
ful sell-denial, and Che niggardly by meanness to others.
A-Taaf (i-viaf), interj. [Corrup. fr. D. fumd vast
holdfast.] Ceaae; stop; stay.
A-TAont' (A-vanf or a-vttntOi interj. [P. awnt for-
ward, fr. L. aft 4- ante before.] Be gone; depart; — a
word of contempt or abhorrence.
II Aire Ha-rPa {Hf^t m&.rS'i). ) HaU ICary, - first
Aire Ha'lrT (rvft mi^). ( words of the
Roman Catholic prayer to the Virgin Mary ; a form of
salutation and prayer.
II A-ye'lUI (A-vS'nA), n. [L.] A genus of grasses, in-
cluding oats. — AT'e-na'oeoiM (XV^nrshfis), a.
A-Tenge' (A- vSnJOt v. t. [OF. avenaier ; L. otf -^ vin^
dicare to lay claim to, to revenge.] To vindicate oy in-
flicting pain or evil on a wrongdoer. — A-T«l'ier, n.
Syn. — To Avmoi ; Rsvuiob. — To avenge u to inflict
punishment upon evU doers in behalf of ourselves, or
others for whom we act, for the sake ot vindication, or
retributive Justice. To revenue l» to Inflict injury for
the indulgence of resentful and malicious feelings.
Av^e-niie (Xvt-uQ), n. [F. ; fr. avenir to come to, L.
advenire. See Advxht.] 1. An entrance into a (daoe ;
a way of approach or of exit.' 2. A broad street.
A-Tei' (i-v8rO, v. t. [F. avSrer^ LL. adverare^ av^-
rare ; h. ad -^ verus true.] To declare positively.
Syn. — To assert : affirm : asseverate. See Ammif.
AT'«r-age (Sv'Sr-tJ), n. [OF. ; LL. averagiumt prob.
f r. OF. aver^ F. avoir, property ; prop. Infln , to have,
fr. L. habere to have.] 1. An equitable dLstrlbutlon of
loss or expense among all intereated. 2. A mean pro-
portion ; an arithmeti<^ mean. 3. Any general state-
ment derived from comparlaon of diverse apeclflc oases.
—a. Pertaining to an average or mean ; medial ; ordi-
nary ; usuaL — v. t. 1. To find the mean of (imequal
sums or quantities) ; to reduce to a mean. 2. To divide
ammig a number, according to a given pn^Mrtion. — r. i.
To form, or exlflt in, a mmui or medial sum or quantity.
A-Ter'Uieilt (i-vir'm^t), n. Positive assertion.
A-Terae' (-vSrs'), a. [L. ttvertere^ -sum. See Avnr.]
f Sm, recent, 6rb, r^de, f ^ Am, ftfbd, f tfbt, out, oil, clialr, (o, ains, ink, then, ttila.
AVERSELY
46
AXIOM
HftTlng ft repagnftnoe or opposition of mind ; unwilling
— A-TSTMly (A-T«r8ny), adv. —A-fww^nmm, n.
8jm. — Atkrsk : Reluct ant : ADysRSK. — Averse ex-
preueB an habitual dinlike. Jieluctant, a t«rm of the
will, implies au iuternal struj^gle as to making some
sacrifice. Adverse denotes active opposition.
A-TOr'Blcni (i-vSr'shiin), n. [L. avertio. Bee Ayebt.]
Opposition of mind ; fixed dislike.
Syn. - Antipathy ; repugnance ; disgust See DnuxB.
A-Tert' (4-v8rt'), v. t. [L. avertere ; a, <ib -j- vertere
to turn.] To turn aside, or away ; to prerent.
ilA'VW (S'vSx), n. pi. [L., pi. of avu bird.] The
class of Vertebrata that includes the birds.
Feet of ATM
or Birds : a Ad>
hsmant (cling-
ing as w i t n
hooka) foot of
the twif tib
Scansorial i c
Ambulatorial
or Gallina-
ceous t d In-
tessnrialorKissi-
pedal ; e Ore«so>
rial I / Raptori-
al ; g Grallatorl-
al or Wading;
h Rasorial or
Cnrsorial: t
Webbed or Pal-
mate;A:Semipal-
mate; IFlisipal-
niatei m Ixtbate;
Totipalmate
; Rati
TAC. including the ostrich and aHies, the aoftfryz. and the
extinct moas ; Odoivtobnithbs, or fossil burds with teeth.
A'Tl-A-ry (E'vT-t-ry), n. [L. aviarium^ fr. aviariu*
pertaining to birds, fr. avis.'\ A place for keeping birds.
A-Yldff ty (i-TTdt-ty), n. [L. avidiUu^ f r. avidtu^ fr.
avh'e to long.] Greed ; strong appetite ; intense desire.
Aro-oa^ttni (Sv/^-kS'shfin), n. [L. avocoHo.'^
1. That which calls one away from one's regular em-
ployment or vocation. 2. pi. Pursuits ; vocation.
A-TOld' (A-voidO, V, t. [OF. ewuidier^ e* (L. ez) 4-
voidier to empty. See Void, a.] 1. To make void. 2.
To keep away from ; to shun. — A-T0ld'a-1ll«, a.
Syn. — To Avoid; Shxtn : escape ; elude ; evade : es-
chew. — Avoid usually means, to heev clear of, an exten-
sion of the meaning, to trithdraw one^it self from. Shun is
a stronger term, implying more prominently the idea of
intention.
A-TOld'ailM (-ans), n. 1. An annulling. 2. A be-
coming vacant, or being vacant. 3. A dismissing or
quitting ; withdrawal. 4. A keephig clear of.
AT'dr-dn-pols' (Xv^Sr-dft-poixOi »• & o. [OE. aver
depeis goods of weight ; OF. peis weight, L. pensum.']
Avoirdupois weight ; — a system of weights for coarser
commodities, in which the pound contains 16 ounces or
7,000 grains.
A-TOaoh' (&-vouchOt *'• '• [(^P* ovoehierf LL. ad-
vocare to advocate, fr. L. advocare to call to i ad -^
x^ocare to call.] To vouch for ; to declare positively.
A-TOW' (A-vou'), V. /. [F. avouer. See Avouch.] To
declare openly. — A-TOWa-Ma, a. — A-TOW'll, n. —
A-TOW«d' (A-voud'), a. — A-TOW'«d-ly, adv.
Syn. — To acknowledge ; own ; confess. See Contbss.
A-ynl'lkni (A-vfll'shttn), n. [L. avtUsio ; arellere, -vul-
mm, to tear off.] A tearing asunder ; forcible separation.
A-W«lt' (A-waf), V. t. [OF. awaitier, agaUier ; a
(L. ad) -\- iffaiiier, gaitier, to watch. See Watt.] 1.
To wait for ; to expect. 2. To be in store for.
A-wakt' (i-wSkOt V. t. & i. [imp. Awokb (i-wSkO,
AwAKBO (i-wiktO; p- P' Awakbd; Oh*. Awai
Awokbm; p. pr. Awakiko. Tlie form Awokb is some
times used as a p. p.] [AS. &wmcnan and awaeian. See
Wakb.] To rouse from sleep, or from death, stupidity,
or inaction, —a. Not sleeping or letliargic ; roused from
sleep ; in a state of vigilance or action.
A-wak'Ml (i-wik''n), r. /. & i. To awake ; to wake.
Syn. — To arouse ; excite ; stir up ; call forUi.
A-warA' (i-ward'), v. t. [OF. estcarder to consider,
Judge ; e* (L. ex) -f warder^ garder^ to observe, keep.
See Wabd.1 To give by sentence or judicial determina-
tion ; to adjudge. — v. i. To determine ; to make an
award. — >n. A judgment, sentence, or final decision.
A-wart' (A-wtr'), a. [AS. gewxr^ fr. tettr wary.]
Apprised ; iuformea ; conscious.
A-way' (A-wS'), adv. [AS. aiteg^ anveeg^ ontreg ; on
on -{- tceg way.] Absent ; at a distance ; from a place.
Awe (ft), n. [OE. a^.aghe; akin to AS. ege fear.
Or. a^of pain, and B. ail.} The emotion inspired by some-
thing dreadful and sublime ; reverential fear. —v. t. To
strike with fear and reverence.
A-waath'ar (A-wStfa'^r), adv. [Pref. a- -f weather."}
On the weather side, or toward tlie wind ; in the direc-
tion from which the wind blows ; — opposed to alee.
Awful (n'fvl), a. 1. Inspirhig awe ; filling with pro-
found reverence, or with fear and admiratioo; pro-
foundly impressive. 2. Frightful ; exceedingly bad ;
great [Slana) — AWtul-ly, adv. — Awfflll-Il«a0t «•
Syn. — SeeFBioj
A-Whllt' (A-hwnO, adv. [Adj. a + tthOe time, inter-
val.] For a while ; for some time ; for a short time.
Awk'Waxd (ftk'wSrd), a. [OE. auJk, atek, contrary -f
-TnTnf.] 1. Wantlnjr tfoKtf-rity: .'i'^-m— Tnrrfrn- pi«»»
(ir <-]Ti.'i'tLvt.'iii'j^^, 2. ^I'ul I'^k^ilv luuiL^ii'ii'Ll ;, i.^mbu.rra:33^i|^4
— ATTk'WBTd-ly, (fffr^ — AwVwarA svH» r*.
iiyn^ AwiWAito i CLrwnT ; UsixiUTH ; uneaiiil^ ;
nj:ib.:iii4ly : i;aw]f y ^ bittiglitiic i UoA-e^ani i uiigruH'Ui) ; uu-
Vi*vcoin1jjjg. - Aukwitr^ Itoa fiiw^ctol rBfonBiin? to cutVHrJ
dot'^jrtiiH.'nt, A niiu ja vittrnjuff In \i\n wUule pflCWJii* he 1*
<ru'h<i-ii!ii iu lii-4 gjiit ail J ILe [iigv«iiu>ijt' f}\ )jia tiinbs- W^
S[>l»]ir tlbL> t^^.rm tiHroHth iiioart frei^iLieiitljr' tatluit whk:h
Liltii from tliQ wtiiit uf liijftructiou or tr-yiiulue.
Awl (»!),»- [AS. *F', ""•'■ 1 A jHjiuLH^i Ui^tniment
for pierdng small holes.
Awn (»n), n. [Prob. /^
fr. same root as E. actite.'}
The bristie or beard of Shoemaker's AwL
barley, oats, grasses, etc. — Awnfld (ftnd), a.
Awo'lng (ftnlng), n. [Origin uncertain.] A roofUke
oover, usually of cloth, extended as a shelter.
Awnleaa, a. Without awns or beard.
A-WOka' (A-w5k')f i^P' o' AWAKB.
A-wry' (A-ri'), adv. & a. [Pref. a--|-irry.] 1. Turned
or twisted toward one side; distorted; asquint. 2.
Aside from truth or reason ; perverse or perversely.
Az ) (Sks), n. [AS. eax, lex, ocas; aldn
Asa { to Gr. o^iKi}, L. ascia.} An edged
tool for felUng tree^ chopping and splitting
wood, hewing timber, etc.
Az1-al (SksT-oI), a. Pertaining to an
axis ; around an axis.
Axil (iksTl), n. [L. axilla. Cf. Axlb.]
Angle between the upper side of a branch,
leaf, or petiole, and its stem.
Azila (-11), a. Situated in the axis of
anything.
II Ax-aia (-T11A), n. [L.] The armpit
Az'U-lar (8keai-lSr), \ a. 1. Pertainmg
Az11-la-ry (-lt-r3^)« \ to the axilla or
armpit. 2. Situated in, or rising from, an ^ ^ Axillary
axil of a plant. Buds.
Azl-om (-T-&m), n. [Gr. a^u*fiathat bbl^eafScam.
which is thought worthy, a principle, fr. cTcrnnnal
iiuK worthy.] A self-evident and neces- """•
sary truth ; a proposition which it is necessary to take
ft, i, 1, 0,11, long { ft, a, 1, 5,0, y, short; swiftte, 4vMt, Idea, 5bey,tknlte, cftre, ftrm, Ask, j^ll, final.
AXIOMATIC
47
BACK
for snuited. — Ax'l-O-nuitio (Slunr-«.mSt^k)« Azl-o-
matlo-Al, a.
Syn. — Axiom : Maxim ; Apmokism ; Aoaox. — An ax-
iom ia ft aelf-ttvident truth taken tor granted aa the bada
of reaaoning. A utazim is a guiding principle aanctioned
by experience. An aphorism ia a pithy expreaaion of
some general truth or aentiment. An adaae ia a aaying
of long-eatabliahed authority and of universal application.
II Axis (KkaOfs), n. ; pi. Axn (-&). [L. See Axlb.]
1. A atraight line on which a body reToWea ; a line
around which the parte of a body or ayatem are symmet-
ricallv arranged. 2. The atem of a plant. 3. The aecond
▼ertebra of the neck.
AMf\» (iki/n), n. [AS. eaxl, eax ; akin to L. axis axle^
arUla ahonlder joint, dim. of azu.] 1. The pin or apin-
die on which a wheel revolves, or which rerolvea with a
wbeeL %, An axle-tree. 3. An axis.
Axle bos, a bushing in the hub of a wheel, through
which the axle paaaea; the
journal box of a rotating axle.
Aza^-trM" (-trS'), n. A
bar connecting the opposite
wheela of a carriage.
Azfnuui (Ska^mon), n. One
who wields an ax.
^L^*yV«^^'- v**' *^"^ Section of Wsjfon Hob. -how.
Ay«, I (M), adv. Yea ; yea ; i„g Axle Bdx and Axle.
Ay* I — ft word expreas-
ing assent, or an affirmative answer to a question.
Ay« (MI), ft. An ftffirmfttive vote or voter.
Aye ) (E), adv. [loel. ei, ey ; akin to AS. a, Or. acs^,
Ay ) act, always.] Always ; ever ; continually.
Ayt'-Aye' (HVWl'), n. [Prob. fr. iU cry.] A noctur-
nal quadruped of Madagascar, allied to the lemurs.
A'y-rto, A'y-ry (iT-ry), n. Aerie.
A-saa»-A (A-za'll-i ; 20), n. [NL., fr. Or. d^aA<oc
dry, — because supposed to grow best in dry ground.]
A flowering shrub, akin to the Rhododendron.
ABl-nratll (kzT-math), n. [Ar. as-siimut, pi. of
as-samt a way, point of the horizon.] (u) Tlie quad-
rant of an azimuth circle, one of the great circles of the
sphere. (6) An arc of the horizon intercepted between
the meridian of the place and a vertical circle through
the center of any object.
A-m^ (i-z9ak), a. [Or. dpriv. + M life.] Destitute
of organic life, or at least of animal life ; anterior to the
existence of animal life.
Az'Ote (Sz'5t or i-z5tO, n. [P. ; fr. Or. & priv. +
^(tti} life ; — so named because incapable of supporting
life.] Nitrogen. — A-BOtIo (i-z6tak), a,
Az'o-tin (Sz'ft-tiz), V. /. To impregnate with asote,
or nitrogen ; to nitrogenize.
Al'nre (Szh'yr or a'zhyr), a. [P. A OSp. aznr^
through Ar. from Per. lajaward lapia lazuli, a blue color.]
Sky-blue ; cerulean ; alao, cloudleaa. ^ n. The clear blue
color of the aky ; alao, a pigment or dye of thia color.
Al^-rllM (Ssh'A-rTn), a. Azure.
Ai'v-rlte (ftsh'ft-rit), n. Blue carbonate of copper ;
blue malachite.
B.
Bu (bX), V. i. [An imitative word.] To bleftt as a
aheep. — n. The bleat of a aheep.
BabOlle (bSyb'l), v. i. l. To utter inarticulate
•ounda or unmeaning words. 2. To talk much ; to chat-
ter. 3. To make a continuoua murmuring noise, aa
ahallow water running over atones.— n. 1. Idle talk;
twaddle. 2. Inarticulate apeech ; constant murmur.
8yn. — To prate ; prattle ; chatter ; gossip.
BatKble-mailt n. Babble.
BabHllar (bIt/blSr), n. 1. A prater; a teUer of
aerrets. 2. A thrushlike bird, having a chattering note.
BalM (bib), n. An infant ; a baby.
Ba^Ml (bS'bSl), n. 1. The city and tower in Shinar,
where the confusion of languages took place. 2. A acene
of noise and confusion ; confused mixture of sounds.
bBalKW, llBa'bll (btt'bo5), n. [Hind. 6ae»fl.] Hindoo
title answering to Mr, or
Esquire.
Bftb-00ll'(b«b-«S6n'),n.
[P. bahouiny LL. babewy-
nus.^ The dog-faced ape.
Ba'by (bS'by), n.
Kim. of babe.'\ 1. An
ant or young child. 2.
A doll. ••a. Pertaining
to an infant; young or
Uttle.— V. /. To treat
Uke a baby; to humor;
to fondle. — Bft'by-llOOd,
n.— Ba1>y-toli,fl.
BaO ' Cft - Uin ' ra • atd Chocma Baboon {CtmocephaJui
(b»k'kA-lft'rt-ilt), n. [LL. /wiranW).
baecalnureus bachelor of arts ; L. baecn Inuri bayberry,
fr. the bachelor's wearing bayherries.] 1. The degree of
bachelor of arta (B. A. or A. B.), the firHt academical de-
gree. 2. A baccalaureate sermon or farewell discourse to
a graduating class. — a. Pertaining to a bachelor of arts.
RBao'oa-iB', Bao'oa-rat' (WOt/ki-riiO, n. [P.] a
yraoch game of cards, played by a banker and punters.
Bao'cate (bSkOitt), a. [L. baccaUu^ it. L. batea
berry.] Piilmr throughout, like a berry ; — said of fruits.
Bao'oa-ted (-kt-tM), a. Having many berries.
Bao'olia-iud (-ki-n/il), a. Relating to Bacchus;
dmiiken and riotous.— N. 1. A carouser. %. pi. The
bacchanal ia.
II Bao'oha-lUiai-A (-nSai-A), n. pi. [L., a feast of
Bacchus, god of wine.] A feast in honor of Bacchus;
dnmken revels ; an orgy. — Bao'olia-IUlli-ail, a. & n.
Bao-otfar-OVS (-sTfllr-iis), a. [L. bacci/er; baeea
berry -\-ferre to bear.] Producing berries.
Bac'ol-fonil (bik'sf-fOrm), a. [L. bacca -\- -form.}
Having the form of a berry.
BaCHOtv'O-rona (-sTv'd-rtls), a. [L. bacca -f vorare
to devour.] Subsisting on berries.
Bach'e-lor (bSch'i-lSr), n. [LL. baccalariuM. See
Baccalaurkatb.] 1. A man who has not been mar-
ried. 2. One who has taken the lowest academical
degree. 3. A voung knight. 4. An edible fresh-water
bass. — Bach'e-i or-alilp, n.
Bachslor's batten, a plant with button-shaped flowers.
II Ba-diavs (b*.sTi1Qs), n. [NL., for L. bacillum little
staff.] A variety of bacterium.
Back (bSk), n. [P. bnc ; cf. D. bak tray, bowl.] 1. A
large shallow vat. 2. A ferrvboat.
Back, n. [AS. bfFc, bac] 1. The upper or hinder
part of an animal. 2. The outward or upper part of a
thing. 3. The part opposed to the front; hinder or
rear part. 4. The part out of sight. ^ a. 1. Being at
the bAck or in the rear ; distant ; remote. 2. Being in
arrear ; overdue. 3. Moving or operating backward. —
V. t. 1. To get upon the back of; to mount. 2. To
force backward. 3. To furnish with a back. 4. To
write upoit the back of; to indorse. 6. To support;
to second or strengthen. 6. To bet on the success of ;
— as, to back a race horse. — r. ». To move backward.
— adv. 1. In, to, or toward, the rear. 2. To the place
from which one came or from which something is taken.
3. To a former state or condition. 4. In times past ;
fira, recent, 6rb, r^de, fi^ll, llm, food, ftfbt, out, oil, cliair, go, alnKt ill^ tlien, tlUn.
BACKBITE
48
BALANCE
•go. 6. Ib ooooMlinent or raMrre. 6. lo return or
reqniUl.
BaekHBttf (bikliif), v. t. & i. To oMunre mMnljr, or
■lander, or apeak evil of (<Mie abaent).
BaOKlllt'ar (-bit^r), n, A aecrot caltunniator.
BaoklMMM' (-bSa')\ n. 1. The apiue; vertebral
column. 2. Firmneas ; moral principle ; sleadfaatneaa.
Baok^ganKmOB (-gSm^&n), n. [Perh. fr. Dan. baJtke
tray + KLgame.l A game played by two peraons on a
** board " marked off into 24 apaces caUed " points.*'
BadlfgfOHIld^ (-groundOf »• 1. Oround in the rear
or behind, or in the dlatance ; — oppoaed to foreground.
2. Space behind a portrait or group of flgurea. 3. A
place in obecurity or out of sight.
BAOktUUld' (-hIndOt o* Sloping downward from left
to right. —>«. Baclchand writing.
BAOkluuid'ed, a. 1. With the hand turned back-
ward. 2. Indirect ; awkward ; insincere ; aaroaatic.
S. Turned back, or inclining to the left.
BacTpiao*' (-pis'), in. [Baek -^ piece, plate .] A
- "-' '"^^•),J • ....
Baok'^ta'(
piece, or plate, forming, or
l-plif),
oorering, the back of anything : armor for tiie back.
n Baollllinaah' ) (-ahSah^), n. [Pers. bakh^hUA, It.
II Baok'aklak' l bakhMhldan to giro.] In Ecgrpt,
•to., a gratuity ; a ** tip.'*
BiMk'alda' (-aldOt n. The hinder part ; rear.
Badk'allda' (-aHdO, v. i. [imp. Backblio (-aiTdO ; P-
p, •auDDEM (-alTd'd'u), -auo \ p. pr. & vb. n. -aLinaia.]
To alide back ; to apostatise. — Baok^alld'ar, n.
Baok'BWOrd' (-aSrd'), n. A sword witli oue sharp edge.
Baok'ward (-wSrd), ) adv. 1. With the back in ad-
BaOk'Warda (-wSraa), I vance. 2. Toward the back.
S. Toward, or in, nut time ; ago. 4. From a better to
a worse state. 6. In a reverse manner or direction.
BaidB^Ward, a. 1. Directed to the back or rear. 2.
Unwilling; loath. 3. Not well advanced in learning;
dull. 4. Late or behindhand. — Baok'wafd-lieaa, n.
Batik'woada' (-wd6ds'), n. pi. The forests or partly
cleared grounds on the frontiera. — Baok'WOOda'Diail, n.
Ba'OOB (bi'k'n), n. [OF.; akin to E. back.^ The
back and aidea of a pig salted and smoked.
Bao-ta^-vm (UQc-ti'rT-am), n. [NL., fr. Or. 0<utTih
ptov, pojtTpWt a staff.] A microscopic vegetable organ-
lam, uauaily in the form of a jointed rodlike filament,
found in putrefying orpranic infusiona.
Bad (bid), a. [Compar. Worse ( wQrs) ; wperl. Worst
(wQrst).] [Prob. fr. AS. to'<f</r/ hermaphrodite.] Want-
ing good qualities ; hurtful ; offeusive ; painful ; unfavor-
able ; evil ; vicious ; wicked ; — the opposite of good.
Syn. — Pernicious ; deleterious ; noxious ; baneful :
injurious ; hurtful ; evil ; vile ; wretched ; corrupt ;
wicked; viciona; imperfect.
Badaa (bij), n. [LL. bngea sif^n, prob. of Oerman ori-
[in.] H diatinctive aign or cognisance ; a mark ; a token.
Badg'ar (bSj'Sr), n. [OR. bagenrd, prob. fr. badge -f-
-ard, ir. the white mark on its forehead.] A carnivo-
rous burrowing animal. — v. t. To tease, as a badger
when baited ; to worry persistently.
II Ba'Ol'liasa' (bi'drniih' or bfidnr-ntj). n. [F., fr.
badiner to joke.] Playful raillery ; banter.
Badly, adv. In a bad manner ; poorly ; imperfectly ;
grievously; disagreeably; aeriously.
Bad'neaa, n. The state of heinf? bad.
BafOa (bSf'fn). v. t. [of. beffler to mock, deceive.]
To elude ; to foil ; to frustrate or defeat ; to thwart.
Baff (big), n. [OF. bagve bundle, LL. bagn.-\ A sack
or pouch. —V. /. 1. To put into a bag. 2. To capture.
— r. i. To awell or hang down like a full bag.
n Ba ganat* (M glnQ, n [F.] Sugar cane, aa it oomea
crushed from the mill ; refuse of b^troot sugar.
II Bac 'a-talla' (big^i-tino. n- [Pm ir. it. bagatella.}
1. A trifle. 2. A game pUyed with balls and a rod on a
board with holes at one end.
Bac'gaffa (-gtj), n. [V. bagage^ fr. OF. bague. See
g*n.]
Bag.] 1. The tenta, utanailt, and proviirioaaof aa mnaf.
2. A traveler's trunka, etc ; luggage. 3. A woman of
looae morals; a prostitute. 4. A romping, aancy girL
Bac^glllC (big'sTng), n. 1. Cloth or other material for
ban. 2. The putting anything into a bag. 3. A awelUng.
Basnlo (bin'yft), n. lit. 6a^tto, fr.X. balneum bath.]
A brotliel ; a house of prostitution.
Bac'plpa (big'pip), n. A SootUah wind inatramait,
conaiating of a leather bag, which reoeivea the air by a
tube stopped by a valve, and three sounding pipea, into
which air is preaaed. — Bag'plp'ar, n.
Ball (bi), tnterj. An exclamation of extreme contempt.
Ball (bil), n, [F. baiUe a bucket, pail.] A aooop
used in bailing water. » v. t. 1. To dip and throw (wa-
ter, etc.). 2. To lade water from.
Ball, V. t. [OF. bailler to deliver, fr. L. bajulare to
bear a burden, keep hi custody.] (o) To set free by be-
coming security for the appearance of the person bailed.
(b) To deliver (goods in trust) upon a contract that the
trust shall be executed. -* fi. (a) One who becomes
surety for a prisoner's appearance in courL (6) Security
given for the appearance of a prisoner in court.
BaO-bond. (a) A bond given by a prisoner and bis
surety, to insure the prisoner's appearance in court.
(6) Special bail in court to abide the judgment.
Ball, n. rCf. Dan. boiU bend, hoop, akin to B. 6e«ff
to beud.] 1. The arched handle of a kettle, psil, etc
2. A bait hoop supporting the cover of a wagon, awning
of a boat, etc. 3. The top or either of the two cross
pieces of the wicket used in the game of cricket.
Ball'a-Ua (-*-b*l), a. l. Having the right or privi-
lege of being admitted to bail, upon bond with sureties.
2. Admitting of bail. 3. That can be deUvered in trust.
Ball'ea' (bills'), n. [OF. baiUi. See Bail to de-
liver.] One to whom goods are committed in trust.
Balllfl (biinff), M. [F. baiUi cuatodian, fr. L. bf^ulus
porter. See Bail to deliver.] A sheriff's deputy.
Balll-Wlok (-T-wTk),n. XBailif-^tvtck a village.]
The limiU of a baiUff's authority.
BalllBailt (-ment), n. 1. The bailing a person aoeuaed.
2. A delivery oi gooda or money by one peraon to an-
other in truat, for aome special purpose.
Bangor' (bil'Or'). fi. One who delivers goods or
roonev to another in trust.
Bauna (btm), n. [AS. beam, fr. beran to bear, sap-
port.] Scottiah name for a child.
Bait (bit), ft. [AS. bat food.] 1. Any anbatanee,
eap. food, used in catching fish, or other animals. 2.
A lure : temptation. 3. Refreshment taken on a jour-
ney; also, a stop for rest and ref reahment. — v. t. 1.
To provoke and haraaa. 2. To feed upon the road.
3. To furnish with bait, as a trap or book.— v. <. To
stop for refreshment on a journey.
Balaa ( bSx), n. [For bayes, pi. fr. OF. baie ; cf . F. box
bay-colored.] A coarse woolen stuff with a Icng nM>.
Baka (b£k), v.U&i. [AS. bacon : akin to Or. ^ir^w
to roast.] 1. To prepare (food) by cooking in a dry
heat. 2. To dry or harden (anvthinff) bv subjecting to
heat. — n. The process, or result, of baking.
Baka^uraaa^ (-hous'),n. A house for baking; a bakery.
BalCar (bik'Sr), n. 1. One who bakes bread, Uaeuit,
etc. 2. A portable oven in which baking is done
Bak'ar-y, n. A place for baking bread ; a bakehouae.
Bakftna, n. X. A cooking in an oven, or drying by
heat or cold. 2. Quantity baked at once ; batch.
Bal'anoa (Ua'ans), n. [F., fr. L. bUanxy bUancit,
having two scales ; bi* twice -|- lanx plate, >cale.1 1. An
apparatus for weighing. 2. A weighing mentally ; com-
parison : estimate. 3. Equipoise; equilibrium; ateadi-
ness. 4. Equality between the sums toUl of the two sides
of an account ; excess on either side. 6. A balance wheel,
of a watch, etc. 6. (n) The constellation lAbra, (fr) The
7th sign in the Zodiac {Libra), which the sun enters at
tlie September equinox. 7. A movement in dancing.
a, S, I, o, O, long ; A, «, 1, 5, fi, ^, abort i aenftte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, nnite, oAra, Knn, 4ak, tU, final.
BALCONY
49
BANDOG
Ittkaet ilint. paper ahowing balancM of open accoanto
in % ouiineeB. — BelaoM whim, wheel in % chronometer,
machine, ^c., to regulate ita motion ; fly wheeL
—V. <. 1. To bring to an equipoiae; to weigh in a
balance. 2. To aupport on a narrow base, so as to keep
from falling. 8. To equal in number, weight, force,
etc.; to counteract or neutralise. 4. To compare in
relatiTC importance, value, etc.; to estimate. 6. To ad-
Jnst (an account) ; to make (accounts) eoual by paying
the difference between them. 6. To equalise (debits and
credits) of an account. 7. In dancing, to move toward,
and then from, reciprocally. 8. To contract (a sail)
hito narrower compass. — v. i. 1. To hare eoual weight
OD each aide. 2. To waver ; to hesitate. 3. In dancing,
to move toward a person or couple, and then book.
Syn. — To poise ; weigh ; adjust ; counteract ; neutral-
ise ; equalize.
Bal'00-ay (bS'kt-nj^), ». [It. balcort^..} A platform
projecting from the wall of a building ; gallery.
Bald (bftld)* <>• [OE. balUd, perh. p. p. ol baU to
round like a ball.] 1. Destitute of natural covering, as
of hair, feathers, foliage, etc. 2. Destitute of ornament ;
bare; literal. 3. Undisguised.
Bal'dA-^Un (bU'di-kln), «•. [LU baldaehinu*, fr.
Bagdad, It. Baldacco, a city whence rich silks caroe.]
A canopy. [Written also baldachUio, baldaquin, etc.]
Bal'dar-dailb (bfll'dSr-d&sh), n. [Dan. balder noise 4-
E. da*kJ\ 1. A worthless mixture, eep. of liquors. 2.
Senseless Jargon ; trash. •• v. t. To adulterate (liquors).
Bald'JMft^ (bftldOiSdO, ». 1. One whose head is bald,
a. A white-headed pigeon. — Bald^aaA'«A, a.
BtiWlj,adv. Nakedly; without reserve ; inelegantly.
BtM'lliM,*!. The state of being bald.
BalA^to' (-pif ), ft. 1. A baldheaded person. 2.
The American widgeon.
Bal'OllO (bfiKdrTk), n. [OHO. balderieh,} A broad
belt, worn over one shoulder and under the opposite arm.
Bait (UQ), n. [OF.] A bundle of goods corded for
stonge or trannwrtation.-* r. t. To make up in a bale.
Bua, 9. t, ' To bale, or lade.
Bala, ft. [AS. bealo, balu.J Misery ; sorrow ; evil.
BalaHra' C-fir")^ n. [AS. bifl/grAn of the funeral pile ;
bSi flame -I- j^r, B.>fr0.] A signal fire; an alarm fire.
BaleW (-fyl), a. [See Bali misery.] FuU of
deadly influence ; destructive ; woeful ; sad.
il Ba-lUa' (bA-UiO, ». [P.] Pole raised as a beacon.
Balk (bftk), n. [AS. baloa beam, ridge ; cf. Oael.
bale ridge of earth between furrows.] 1. An unplowed
ridge of land. 2. A great timber ; tie-beam. 3. A hin-
dnuioe or check. 4. An obstinate stop; failure. — v. t.
To leave untouched in {dowing ; to frustrate ; to thwart.
— F. i. To stand obstinately ; to stop short.
B^kflr (bnk^). a. Apt to balk ; obstinate.
Ball (W), n. [0.1 1 A round mass. 2. A game of
throwfaig, kicking, or knocking, a baU. 2. A projectile of
lead or ^on ; buUet. — v. t. Sti, To form into balls.
Ball, n. [F. bal, fr. OF. baler to dance, LL. ballare.^
A social assembly for dancing.
BalOaa (bSll4Ml), n. [F. ballade.} A narrative poem,
for recitation or singing ; a short sentimental poem.
Bal'last(Uanast),n. [D.] l. Weight put into a ves-
sel to steady it. 2. (iravel, stone, etc., laid in the bed of
a railroad to make it solid. 3. Anything that gives
steadiness and security. — v. t.
To load with ballast ; to steady ;
to solidify.
iiBalOaf (bnoto, n. [F.,
dim. of bal dance.] A theatrical
dance ; the company who per-
form it.
iBal-Uata (bU-iTs'ti), ».
[L., fr. Gr. fid^Mu^ to throw.] ^^^ ^ j ^^^^^^
An ancient military engine, in ««u»w-
the form of a crowkbow, used for hurling large missiles.
Bal-Uatlo (bU-ITs'tTk), a, 1. Pertahiing to tbe bal-
lista, or to the hurling missile weapons. 2. rertainiag to
projection, or to a projectile.
Bal-loon' (-IS&nO, n. [F. ballon, aug. of balle balL]
1. A bag of Ught material, filled with —
hydrogen gas or heated air, so as to
riae and fioat in the atmoephere. 2.
A round chemical vessel, to hold what-
ever is distiUed. — r. i. 1. To go
up in a balloon. 2. To expand like
a balloon. — Bal-loonllt, n.
Baiaot (biiaat), n. [F. balloUe.]
1. A ball or ticket used for secret vot-
ing. 2. System of votfaigsecreUy. 3.
Number of votes cast. —r.i. To vote.
Ballot box, box to receive baUots. yj^
Balm (bam), fi. [OF. batume, w
barme, L. bal*amum balsam, from Or. ^ - -. -- -^
/SoAvofMr.] 1. An aromatic plant. 2. BallooB.
The exudation of certain trees. 3. A
fragrant ointment. 4. Anything that mitigates pain.
Bal-moi'al (bSl-mSr'al), n. [Fr. Balmoral CasUe, in
Scotland.] 1. A woolen petticoat. 2. A walking shoe.
Balm'y (bam^), a. Producing, or like, balm ; aro-
matic ; soothing ; refreshing ; mild.
Bal'aaa (bul'som), n. [L. 6of«atniim the balsam tree
or its rmrfn. Or. /MAaofMw.] 1. A resin containing es-
sential or volatile oil. 2. (o) A species of fir tree. (6)
An annual garden plant. 3. Anything that heala. —
Bal-aamlo (b]|i-sSinTk or bu-), Bal-aamlo-aL a.
Bal1ia-t«r (bU'lis-tSr), n. [L. balauttium flower of
the pomegranate ; named fr. the form.] A small column
used as a support of a railing. [Corrupted into banister,']
Ballia-tnida' (-tridO, n. [F.] A row of balusters
topped by a rail.
II Bam-llI'llO (bKm-bS'nft), n. [It., little boy.] Baby;
representation of the infant Christ In swaddling clothes.
Bam-lMNK (bSm-bSSOf ^' [Malay bambu, mambu.l
A lam tropical plant of the Grass family, used for build-
ing, furniture, water pipes, etc., also for walking sticks,
flutes, etc. — r. /. To nog with the bamboo.
Baill-bOO^e(-sn),r./. [(K Gipsy origin.] To deceive
by trickery ; to humbug. — Bam-bOO'Bar, n.
II Ban (bin), n. A kind of fine muslin, made in the
East Indies from the fiber of the banana leaf stalks.
Ban, n. [AS. bann command, edict.] 1. A puUlc
proclamation or edict. 2. pi* Notice of a proposed mar-
riage, prochUmed in church. See Bahhs (the common
spelling). 3. An interdiction, prohibition, curse, or
anathema. — >r. f. To curse ; to forbid ; to interdict.
Ba-nalia (bft-nK'nA), n. [8p.] A perennUl herb^
oeous plant ; also, its fruit, having a pulp soft and of lus-
cious taste, eaten either raw or cooked.
Band (bSttd), n. [IceL ; akin to O. band, and S.
bend, Mm/.] 1. Anything that binds ; a fetter. 2. An
architectural molding. 3. A union ; a tie. 4. A com-
pany of armed men, musicians, etc. —v. t. &i, 1. To
unite with, or in, a band. 2. To confederate.
Band'aca (bSnd^i), n. [F.] A fillet or strip of
woven material used in binding up wounds ; a ligatiire.
— > V. t To bind or cover with a bandage.
Ban-dan'na ) (bSn-dSn'A), n. [Hind. bandhnU a mode
Ban-dan'a .) of dyeing.] 1. A figured silk or cotton
handkerchief. 2. A mode of printing calico chemically.
BandlMZ' (bSnd'bSks/), n. A light box for holding
ruffs (the bands of the 17th centnryV caps, bonnets, etc.
Ban'di-OOOt (bSnMT-k5dt>, n. [Corrup. of native
name.] (a) A large rat of IndU and Ceylon.
r»clike marsupial, of Australia and Tasmania.
(ft) A
Ban'dlt (-dTt), n. ; pi. BAMorrs (-dTts), or BAMDrm
(^ITf tT). [It. bandito outlaw, p. p. of bandire to banish,
to proscribe. See Bax.] An outlaw ; a brigand.
Ban'dOf' (-dSff'), n. [Band 4- dog, i. e., bound dog.]
A large and fierce dog, usually kept chained up.
fim, recent, ftrb^ ni^ 'V^ ^'^ food, ftfbC, ont, oil, ehair, go, ains, iQk, then, tlila.
4
BANDOLEER
50
BARB
Ban'dO-lMT', BaifOo-UMr' (UnM^-ISr'), n. [F. ban-
doulUre^ fr. bande band.] A soldier's leather shoulder
belt (or holding cartridges.
Ban'dore (Ma'd5r or bSii-d5r'), n, [8p. handurria.
It. L. pmndwa a musical instrument, fr. Or. iroydovpa.j
A muMcal stringed instrument, resembling a guitar.
Ban'dy (bluMj^), n. [Of. F. htmuU, p. p. of handmr
to bend (a bow), to bandy, fr. bande. Bee Bahd.] 1.
A club bent at the lower part for striking a ball at play.
2. The game played with such a club ; hockey ; shinuey.
—V. t. 1. To beat (a ball, words, etc.) to and fro. 2.
To give and receive reciprocally ; to exchange. — a.
Bent ; crooked ; curved with the convex side outward.
Bail'dy-l«Cged' OrlSgd'}, a. Having crooked legs.
Ban0 (bau)/n. \hA. bona murderer; akin to Or.
^6yof murder.] 1. A cause of ruin or lasting injury ;
woe. 2* A disease in sheep, commonly termed the fvt.
Syn. — Poison : ruin ; destructioo ; injury ; pest.
Banttnl (-f Vl)i a* Deadlv ; noxious ; pernicious. —
Baoe'tiil-lTt adv. — BaneW-atM, n.
Banc (bang), v. i, [IceL banga to hammer.] 1. To
beat, as with a club ; to handle roughly. 2. To thump,
or to strike (something) against another object, with loud
noise. ••«. i. To make a loud noise, as It with a blow.
— >n. 1. A heavy blow. 2. Noisy concussion.
Banc, V' t. To out (a horse's tail, etc.) squarely
aoroes. — n. The short, front hair combed down over the
forehead, esp. when cut squarely across.
:, BanglM (bXug), n. Bhang.
g6 (biB'«'l)» »• [Hind, bangri.)
D (bAn^an or bSn-ySu'), n. [I
n'gle (WJs'g'l), n. [Hind, bangri.} A bracelet.
Ban'lim (bAn^an or bSn-ySu'), n. [Skr. banij mer-
chant. The tree was so named b^ the English, because
used as a market place.] 1. A Hindoo merchant, cash-
ier, or money changer. 2. A man's loose gown. 3.
The Indian flg. [Written also banyan.]
Bftnlsh (Mn'Ish), V. t. [OF. 6antr, LL. bannire^ fr.
OHO. ban ban.] To exile ; to drive away ; to dispel.
Byn. — To Bakish ; Exilb ; Expel.— A man is banished
when forced by the goverumauc of a country to leave its I
borders. He ueiUen when driven into banishment frv.in
his native country. To expel is to eject or banish sum-
marily, and usually under circumstances of didgrAce.
BanrlSll'OIOllt, n. A banishing or bein^ bouiabed.
Syn. — Expatriation ; ostracism ; expulsion ; proscrip-
tion : exile ; outlawry.
Banlv-tMr (-Ts-tSr), n. [Corrup. of baltuter.} A biU-
uster ; (pi.) the balustrade of a stAirca«e.
Ban'lo H^), n. [Corrup. of bamtore.} A stringed
instrument resembliuff both guitar and tambourine.
Bank (bigk), n. [ Akin to bench. ] 1. A ridge of earth .
2. A steep acclivity. 3. Mir^iu of a lake, river, sea, or
oth'ir hoUow. 4. An elevation under tha sea ; a shoal,
shelf, or shallow. 6. A deposit o( ore or coal.— v. t. To
raise a mound or dike about ; to embank.
Bank, n. [Prob. fr. F. banc, and akin to E. bench.]
X. A bench (for rowers in a galley, judges in a court,
etc.) ; a tier of oars. 2. Tlie regular term of a court of
law, or the full court sitting to hear arguments. 3. A
bench, or row of keys, in an organ.
Bank, n. [it. banca^ orig., counter, akin to B. bench.] ,
1. A place for custody, loan, exchange, or issue, of monny. I
2. A fund. — r. /. To deposit in a bank. — r. t. 1. To
keep a bank. 2. To deposit moneV in a bank.
Bank Mil. Bank note, a note issuea by a bank, and paya-
ble on demand. — Bank credit, a credit by which one may
draw upon a bank to a certain extent agreed upon.
Bank'a-llle (-i-bn), a. Receivable at a bank. |
Bank'ar, n. l. One engaged in banking. 2. The
dealer, or one keeping the bank in a gambling house. |
BaiAillg, n. The business of a bank or of a banker. I
BankYni^ (-rQpt), n. [F. bangueronte^ fr. It. bancn-
banca -f- roUa broken, fr. L. rumprre,
One unable to pay his debts.^ a. In-
0 m'kke bankrupt ; to ruin flnancially ;
to impoverish. — Bink'mpt-oy, n.
rotia bankruptcy ; ba
rtip/ttin, to breakj C
solvent. — r. ^ To r
Ban'ner (hin'nJr), w. [F. banniirr, bandiire^ fr.
LL. banei-iii^ btmderui^ ir. bautium banner. Bee Band.]
A uiiiitary eubigu ; a nag or standard.
Banliar-^t G^t), n. [F.] 1. Orig., a knight orho
led his vassals into the field under his own banner. S.
An order of knighthood ; one bearing such title or rank.
Ban'nook (-n&k), n. [Oael. bonnach.} A Soottiah
cake of oatmeal or barley, baked on a griddle.
Banns (bins), n. pi. [See Bam command.] Publie
notice of a proposed marriage.
Ban'qnat (bigncwet), n. [F., a feast, prop, a dim. of
bane bench.] A feast ; an entertainment. — r. t. & u
[Bamqubtsd ; Bakquktiho.] To feast.
Ban^vettO'(bt&-k6tO,n. [F.] l. A raised way alonff
the inside of a parapet. 2. A narrow window seat.
Ban'sheo, Ban'ahto (bKn'shi), n. [OaeL beanskitk
fairy ; bean woman -|- sith fairy.] An Irish and Scotch
fairy, supposed to give warning of speedy death.
Bantam (-tam), «. A smaU barnyard fowl, with
feathered legs, probably brought from Bantam, in Jav».
Banter (WSnOgr), r. L [Prob. corrup. fr. F. badiner
to joke, or perh. fr. E. bandg to beat to and fro.] To
ridicule ; to rally. — n. Humorous raillery ; pleasantry.
Bantlinff (MntlTug), n. [Prob. for bcndling child
in swaddling bauds.] A small child ; an infant.
Ban'yan (bkn'yon or bSn-ySn'), «i. [See Bahiajt.]
The Indian fig, a tree ' " '
whose branches take
root and become addi-
tional trunks, often cov-
ering several acres.
Ba'o-hab (bS'«-bSb),
n. [Native name.] A
gigantic African tree,
naturalized in India.
Bap'tlsm ((>Xp'-
tls'm), n. [Or. pdim-
Cfta^ fr. fiatrrC^tw to
baptize, fr. fidwrtuf to
dip in water.] A bap-
tizing ; application o f
water to a person, as a
religious ceremony, initiating him Into the tlslble dmrcb
of Clirist. — Bap-tlB'UHa (-tTz'-), B»-tto'tlO (-tl^-), a.
Bap'tlat (-tTst), n. [L. baptUta.Qr. fiavrurn^.} 1.
One who administers baptism ; esp.. John, the furenumer
of Christ. 2. One of a denomination of Christisna who
deny tlie validity of infant baptism and of sprinkling,
and maintahi that baptism diould be administered to be-
lievers alone, and should be by immersion.
Bap'tiB-tcr-y (-tTs-tSr-]^), Bap^try, n. Put of a
church containing a font for baptismal services.
Bap-tlse' (-^0« *'• t- [Or. fiawri^tir.] To admfaiia-
ter the sacrament of baptiun to ; to christen ; to name.
Bar (bXr), n. [LL. barra.] 1. A piece of wood, metal,
etc., used as a lever, or for hindering or fastening. 2. A
substance long in proportion to its breadth and thick-
npss. 3. An obstruction ; a barrier. 4. A bank of saad,
etc.. obstructing navigaUon. 6. (a) Railing inoloainff
the place which counsel occupy in courts of Justloe. (6)
Place in court where prisoners are stationed, {e) Tbo
whole body of lawyers licensed in a court or diatrici ; tha
legal profession, (d) A plea defeating a plaintifTs ae^oo.
6. A counter, over which liquors and food are passed
to customers. 7. A division of the staff in music. — r. t
1. To fasten with a bar. 2. To j^easQ,^ Ifsaauie.
confine ; to prohibit. 3. To ex-
elude by exception. 4. To cross
with stripes or lines.
Banyan Tree.
Bart) (barb), n. [F. >irftc, fr. ^'•
L. bnrba beard.] 1.
Bar. Double bar.
J _. Beard,' or that which resembles it.
2. The point that stands backward in an arrow, fishhook,
etc. 3. A brittle of a plant, endinc in a donble hook. — e.
t. To fumiBh (an arrow, fishhook, spear, etc.) with barbs.
fi, e, 1, 5, n, long : ». i». T, ft, rt, J, short ; senAte, dvent, tdea, 6bey, <knite, cftre, llrm, Ask, nil, CaaL
BARB
51
BAROMETRICAL
Bub(bXrb),ii. [V. barbe, fr. Barbarie.} I. Amporior
breed of horses introduced from Barbary iiito Spain by the
Moors. 2. A rariety of pigeon, originally from Barbary.
BirHM-oan (bar'bA-k&n), n. Barbican.
Bir-l»a'rt-aB (-ba'rT-<ni), n. [SeeBARBASOus.] 1. A
man in a rude or unciviliied state. 2. One destitute of
culture. 3. A brutal man ; one destitute of pity or
humanity. •* a. Rude; uucivilixed; barbarous.
Bar-lMUrl0 (-bSrOTk), a. [L. barbaricus foreign, bar-
baric, Or. fiappapiK6t.] 1. Of, or from, barbarian na-
tions ; foreign. 2. Barbarous ; destitute of refinement
BarHMl-llilll (-b4-rTx'm), n. 1. An uncivilized con-
dition ; rudeness of manners ; ignorance of arts, learning,
and literature. 2. A brutal action ; an outrage. 3. An
offense against purity of style or language. See Solicbii .
BarHMl-ltm (-rii), v. i. 1. To become barbarous. 2.
To use barbarous speech. — v. t. To make barbarous.
Btt^ba-rons (-rfis), a. [Or. /iapfiapof strange, for-
eign ; later, slavish, rude, irnorant.] 1. Being in the state
of a barbarian ; unciTilized ; rude ; peopled with barba-
rians. 2. Cruel; ferocious; inhunum; merciless. 3.
Contrary to the pare idioms of a language. — BaiHMi-
ioi»-iura,Bar-lMrl-ty (-bftr^-t^). n.
8yii. — UnciTilized ; unlettered : uncultivated ; untu-
tored ; ignorant ; merciless ; brutol. See Fskocious.
BaiOMte (-btt), a. [L. barbatuty fr. barba beard.]
Bearded ; beset with long and weak hairs.
BarniM-Clie (-b^kn), n. [In the Luiguage of Indians
of Ouiana, a frame for roasting or drying fish, etc.] 1. A
large animal roasted whole. 2. An outdoor entertain-
ment, where animals are roasted. 3. A floor, on which
coiTee beans are sun-dried. — v. ^ 1. To dry or cure on
a frame or gridiron. 2. To roast whole, as an ox or hog.
Bar'lMl (-bR), n. [OF. ; F. barbeau ; dim. of L. bar-
bus barbel, fr.
barba beard.] 1.
A alender tactile
organ on the lips
of certain flahes.
2. Alargeflahof
European rirers.
Its upper jaw is
furnished with Barbel
four barbels.
Barl»flr (-bSr), n. [F. barbier.} One who shaTOS the
beard, cuts the hair of his patrons, etc.
Barl»flr-r7 (-bfir-ry), n. [OF. berbere.} A shrubby
plant, whose bark dyesa fine yellow. [Also spelt berberry. ]
BaiHMt (b&/b6t), n. [F., fr. barbe beard.l (a) A var
rlety of small dog, having long curly hair. 0>) A bird of
tropical America and Africa, allied to the Cuckoos, and
beuded with fire bunches of stiff bristles ; the puff bird,
(c) A lanra that feeds on aphides.
Bar-betto' (bar-b8t0, n. [F.] A mound in a fortifica-
tion, supporting guns to fire over the parapet.
BarOli-OUl (biLrn>T-kSu), Baznia-oan (bi-kSn), n.
1. An advanced work defending the entrance to a castle
or city. 2. Opening in the wall of a fortress, through
which to fire missiles.
Bard (bird), n. rCeltic] 1. A professional singer
among the ancient Celts. 2. A poet. — Bardio, n.
Ban(bdr),a. [AS. tor.] 1. Without clothes or cot-
erinff ; naked. 2. Open to view ; exposed. 3. Plain ;
unadorned; bald; meager. 4. Destitute; empty; un-
furnished. 6. Here; idone.— r. /. To strip.
Barataoad' (bftr'fistOt a. 1. With the face uncov-
ered ; not masked. 2. Without concealment ; undis-
guised ; audacious. — Barofaoedly. adv.
BanilOOt (-fd6t) , a. & adv. With the feet bare ; with-
out shoes or stockings. — Baratoot'ad, a.
H Barrtfga^ (b&-rizhOt n. [F., fr. Bareges, a town in
the Pyrenees. J A gauselike dress fabric.
BaraOiMid'ad (bftrHiSd/Sd), Baraliead, a. a adv.
Having the head uncovered.
Baraleggad' (bfirn^dO, a. Having the legs bare.
Baraly, adv. l. without covering; nakedly. S.
Without disguise. 3. Merely ; only. 4. But Just ; with
nothing to spare (of quantity, time, etcO ; scarcely.
Bar'gatn (ui&r'gfti), n. [Perh. fr. LL. barea boat;
hence, to traffic] 1. An agreement concerning the
sale of property ; a mutual pledge. 2. A purchMe ; a
gainful transaction. 3. A thiugstipulated or purchased ;
auythmg bought cheap. — i*. i. To make a bargain. — r. /.
To barter ; to trade.
Syn* — Contract : stipulation ; purchase ; engagement.
Bar'taln-ar (-Sr), n. One who makes a bargain ; —
sometimes iu tlie sense of bargainor.
Bar-galn-er' (-dr'), n. One who makes a legal bar-
giUn, or contracts witli another, esp. to sell property.
Blarge (b&rj), n. [OF., fr. LL. barea, prob. fr. L.
barU an Egyptian rowboat.] 1. A pleasure boat. 2. A
large boat to convey passengers or goods. 3. A large
omnibus for excursions. ILocal, U. S.'\
Barga^man (b&rj'iuan), n. Tlie man who manages a
barge, or one of the crew of a barge.
Ba-rUla (bi-rmi), n. [Sp. frarri/to.] 1. A seashore
plant, whose ashes yi^ld soda. 2. Impure soda carbonate.
Baltte (bi'rit), n. Native sulphate of barium, a
mineral of high specific gravity, often called heavy »par,
Barl-tone (bSra-tSn), a. & n. Barytone.
Ba'rt-um (bS^rT-Om), n. [NL., fr. Or. fiap^ heavy.]
A chemical element ; a metal of silver-white color, melt-
ing at a very high temperature. Its oxide is called
baryta. [Rarely written barylum.']
Baik (biirk), n. [Akin to Dan. & Sw. bark.'\ The
exterior covering of a tree. — r. /. 1. To strip the bark
from; to peel. 2. To girdle. 3. To cover with bark.
Bazk, V. i. [AS. beorcan; prob. akin to E. break."]
1. To make a short, loud, explosive vocal noise ; — said
of dogs, et«. 2. To clamor, ^n. The sound uttered by
a dog and by some other animali*.
Ltik, Barqno (bark), n. [F. barque, fr. 8p. or It.
barea, fr. LL. bfirca for
barica. See Bahoi.] 1.
Formerlv, any small sailing
vessel, also, a rowing boat.
2. A three-masted vessel,
having her foremast and
mainmast square - rigged,
and her mizzenmast
schooner-rigged.
Barley (barny),n. [AS.
bstrlic; Sere barley -f- lie
(prob. same as E. like)^
A grain used for food, and Bark,
for making malt.
Barlay-oom' (-kdny), n. 1. A grain or ^oom*' of
barley. 2. An old measure of length, l-3d of aa inch.
Barm (bimi), n. [AS. beorma; prob. akin toL./er-
mentutn.l Foam upon fermenting mnlt liquora, used
as leaven in making bread and in brewing ; veast.
Barm'y, a. Full of barm or froth ; in a ferment.
Bam (biim), n. [AS. bem ; bere barley -f em, mm,
a close place.] A building for storing grain, hay, etc.
Bar^na-Cle (bar^n&-k*l), n. [Perh. fr. LL. bertuieula
for pemacula, dim. of pema ham, sea mussel.] Any
cimped crustacean adhering to rocks, floating timber,
ships, etc.
Barlia-Ole, n. A bemicle gooee.
Bar'na-Ole, n. [OF. bemac, and Prov. F. bemiqttes,
spectacles.] 1. pi. An instrument for pinching a horse^s
nose, and thus restraining him. 2. pi. Spectacles; —
so called as resembling barnacles. \Cant, Eng.}
Ba-rom'a-tor (bA-r5m'*-t8r). n. [Or. fiapot weight -|-
-meler.} An instrument for determining the weight or
pressure of the atmosphere, thus indicating probable
changes of weather, or the height of any ascent. — Bar'O-
mat'rlo (bSr'ft-mSt'rlk), BaTO-llMt'llO-al, a.
S9n, rooant, Orb, r^de, f ^ Ikm, food, IcTot, out, oU, cliair, ko» «i^Bt UA then, thin.
BARON
62
BASHFULNESS
K«(blHliB),fi. [pF.;«]d]itoK.6Mrto
- bUity; InFrMi
u«zt la rank below % count ; in Englmnd, it nobtenuu of
A title of nobility ; In rrenoe and 0«rmaay, %
the loweit grade in the Houae of Lorda.
Btr'M-Af* (-tj)i n. 1. The whole body of barona or
S. The rank of a baron.
l(-Sa), ft. A baron*a wife ; alio, a lady who
holda the baronial titie in her own right.
Bar'M-M (-^It), n, A dignity next below a baron and
above a knight, the lowest hereditary degree of honor.
Btr^M-M-AgvC-tJ),!!. 1. Rank of a baronet. 2. The
collective bodv of baronets.
BWO-UJ C-^-nf ), A. The fee or domain of a baron ;
tank of a baron. — Bft-nKBl-al (bi-rS'nT-al), a.
BVO^OOpo (-akSp), fi. [Or. pdpot weiffht + ••eope.}
An inatruroent ahowiiig changes in the weight of the at-
moaphere, or Indicating changes of the weather.
Ba-loaOlM' (bA-rm/), n. [O. baruUche, LL. barro-
thtm, f r. L. biroius two-wheeled ;bir=zMt twice -f- rota
wheeL] A four-wheeled carriage, with a falling top,
and two double seats on the Inside.
Btram (blirk), fi. A bark (vessel).
BarTtAk (bir'rak), n. [F. baroque^ fr. LL. barra
bar.] 1. A building for scddiers, esp. when in garrison ;
— commonly in pi. %, In the United States, a movable
roof sliding <m four posts, to cover hay, straw, etc —
v.t.&i. To live or lodge in barracks.
Bai^Vft-OOOB' (•rA-kS&n'), n. [Bp. or Pg. barraea. See
Bariack.1 a slave warehouse.
Bum-tor (-tSr), n. [OF. baraUor deceiver, fr. bara-
ter to deceive, cheat, barter.] One guilty of barratry.
Barm-try (-trj^)i *»• [F. baraterU.'[ 1. Encourage-
ment of lairauits and quarrels. 2. Fraud of a master or
crew of a ship against the owner of the ship or cargo. —
«__^_ -IWBI (-trfis), a.
I (-ra}, n. [F. baril, prob. fr. barre bar. Cf.
BAauoADB.] 1. A round vessel, bulging in the middle,
made of staves bound with hoope, and hisving fli^ ends
or heads. 2. The quantity contained in a full barrel.
3. A drum, cylinder, or case, in a watch, windlasa, etc.
4. A metallic tube, as of a gun, from which a projectile
Is discharged. 6. The hollow basal part of a feather. *
V. t, [Babulsd (-rind), or Baebbllbd ; Bamuelimo, or
Bambluho.] To put or pack in barrels.
Btrmn (-rvn), a. [OF. brehainmA 1. Incapable of
producing offspring; sterile. 2. Not producing useful
vtegetaticn. 9. Unproductive ; empty. 4. Hentally dull ;
■tnpUL— n. I. A tract of barren land. 2. pi. Elevated
plains producing small trees, but not timber. — Btrma-
ly, otfp. — B«imB-iMM« n.
Bar'li-oallt' (-rT-kidOt n. [F., fr. Bp. barricada, orig.,
a barring up with casks, fr. barriia cask.] 1. A forti-
fication, made In haste, to obstruct the progress of an en-
emy. 2. An obstruction. *ff. I. To forWy with barri-
cades ; to stop up (a passage) ; to obstruct.
BaMl-Ot'dO (-krift), n. A V. I. Barricade.
Bar^-tr (bIr'rI.Jr), n. [F. banrihre, fr. barre bar.]
1. An obstacle made In a passage to stop an enemv. 2.
A fortress on the frontier of a country, commanding an
avenue of approach. 3. pi. A fence to mark the limits
of a place, or to keep back a crowd. 4. Any obstruc-
tion, limit, or boundarr.
BaimihtMr (-rTs-tSr), n. [From Bae, n.] A coun-
selor Qualified to plead at the bar.
Bvrnou^ (bVr'rSbm'), n. A room containing a bar
or counter at which liquors are sold.
Barmw (bir'rd). n. [AS. 6eraii to bear.] A support
having handlea, and with or without a wheel, on which
heavy or bulky things can be transported by hand.
Barmw.A. lAS.bearg.'l A male hog castrated.
Barmw, n. [AB. beorg hill.] A mound raised over
the remains of the dead ; a tumulus.
Bar'tar (bXr'tJr), v. i. A t. [OF. barater, bareter, to
cheat, exchange. Cf. BAftBATX>B.] To traffic by exchan-
ghig OM eounodlty tor another ; to track, mm %, ]
change of coaunoditiea. — Bar'lar-tr, n,
Syn. — Exchange ; dealing ; traffic ; trade ; track.
Ba-rym (bA-rFU), «. rOr. /SciAvv bea^.1 An a
of barium (or barytum). —Ba-rytlO (bi^rf tOk). a.
Ba-iy'taa (-tSs), n. Barium sulphate ; barite.
Bar^-tona, Bandana (bftr^-usn), a. [Or.
TOMf ; fitfvt heavy -f- vbroc tone.] 1. Grave and deep' in
sound. 2. In Greek grammar, not marked with an ac-
cent on the bwt svllaUe, the grave accent being under-
stood. —A. 1. {a) A male voice, whoee compass is be-
tween bass and tenor. (6) One having a voice of such
range. 2. A Greek word havimr no accent marked on
the last syllable.
Ba-nr'tm (bA-ri'tum), fi. [NL.] Barium.
Ba'aal (bTsal), o. ReUting to, or forming, the base.
Ba-aalt' (bMUt^, n. [L. btuaUes.} 1. A rock of
Igneous origin, very hard, and usually ox a greeniah black
color. 2. A kind of black porceUin. — Ba4HlItlo, a.
OBaa' Uatt' (bK^ blS'), «i. [F., fr. b<u stocking -f-
bleu blue.] A bluestocking ; a literary woman.
Baaa (baa), a. [F. bas low, fr. LL. basnu thick, fkt,
short, humble. Cf. Bass a part in music] 1. Of hum-
ble birth ; of low degree. 2. Of littie comparative value,
as metal inferior to the precious metals. S. Alloyed ;
dcV— > 4. Morally low; ignoble. 6. Deep or grave
m -< f V r < J . [In this sense, commonly written bau.l
- Bass ; Vilb : Mbam ; dishonorable ; worihless ;
IgM'rl.N'
m- ■' -
d«
35
Baac
fO»;ini ,j
piece of fumUure. CTfiat ex-
tremity of a leaf, fruit, etc., at
which It la attached to its sup-
port. 6. The principal chem- .
leal element, or chief Ingredl- Jg
ent, in a compound. 6. Alow, /^a
. abject: infamous: sordid; degraded. — ^/te
high degree of moral turpitude ; vile and m»m
ant of what is worthy of esteem. What Is base
btaorrence ; what is rile provokes disgust or in-
1 ; what is mean awakens contempt.
, s. [F. ; Gr. fiwit a stepping, step, pedestal, fr.
Eo go.1 1. The bottom of anything; support;
m. 2. The essential part of a thing ; gronnd-
J. The lowerpart of a wall, pier, oolumn, or
I
BsM, called » Attic baM.**
y Plinth ( a Lower torus :
6 Upper toruai c 8ooti«t
/// rnieu. M Sluft,
fluted, with fllleU between
Hutingi.
or deep, sound ; in music, the
lowest part ; the deepest male
voice. [Now commonly writ-
ten bass.} 7. The starting
re or goal in various games.
In baseball, one of the
four bounds marking the cir-
cuit of the Infield. » v. f. To
put on a base or basis ; to found (an argument or oondii-
sion) on or upon.
BaaaOiall' (-bftlO« "• 1- A nme of ball, having four
bases, designating the circuit for each player to make
after striking the ball. 2. Tlie ball used in this game.
BaaatMm' (-bdmO* a. 1. Born out of wedlock. 2.
Bom of low parentage.
Baaa^laaafO. Without a base; having no foundation.
Baaa'ly(basnj^),a(fr. in a base manner; shamefully.
:, nT If. toubas^ment.l The outer wall of
the ground story of a buildhig ; rooms of a groiuid fioor.
Baae'naaa, n. Degradation ; vileness.
Ba-ahaw' (b4-sh}/l, n. [Bee PasraJ 1. A Turkish
title of honor, now written pasha. 2. A magnate or
grandee. 3. A very large sllurold fish Of the Mississippi
valley ; — also callea ootoVm, mud cat^ and yeilote eat.
Baahfol (bSsh'fvl), a. [See Ababb.] ExceMively
modest ; dispoeed to tiirink from notice ; shy.
Baahffnl-naaa, n The being bashful.
8yn. — Bashtulkcss ; Modistt: DimntircB; Brt-
NBS8 : reserve ; slieepishnen. — Modesty arises from a low
estimate of ourselves ; bash/ulnets is on aftashmenf or agi-
tation at coming into contact with others : diflidence is
produced by undue self-distrust : shyness usually arises
ft, 8, 1, 5, a, hmg ; ft, «, 1, 5, a, j^, abort ; aanftte, a vant, Idea, 6bey, lUdte, oftre, ftrm, ftak, §11, finoL
BASHI-BAZOUK
53
BATEAU
from elfiiriT> lelf •eooadoooieM, and a fwinfol impre**
iioo that •renrone ia looking at ua.
OBaahl-teHMak' (l>lahT.b4-s65ka n. [Turkiah, a
fooliah fellow.] On« of th« Irregular Turkiah troops.
Ba'iIo (bTaTk), o. 1. (a) Relating to a chemical
base, (b) HaTing the baae in ezceaa, or exceeding in
proporooD that of the related neutral salt. (0) Appar-
ent^ alkaline. 2. Said of cryatalline rocka which con-
tain a relatlvelr low percentage of aiUca, aa baaalt.
BaftAff (Wa-n), V, t. To couTort into a aalifiable
BsEBL.] Theangle to which
I ia grouiuL-
To grind
base. — B«'ll-fi<er,n
Baa^ (bfaai), n. [Cf.
the cutting edge of a t
the edge of to an ang^e.
BmOI, n. [F. basilie, fr. L. batUieiu royal. Or. ^a-
vtAuctfv, f r. fiavtXMvt king.] A name for aeveral aromatic
herbs of the Mint family.
BaafUt n. TLL. basaniumt fr. Ar. bUhSna^ prop.)
Uning.] The aUn of a aheep tanned with bark.
BiHUW* (b4.«TKTk), «. '" • ••• ^ -*
Ba-«lllo, BtHril'tn^ a.
Ba-aU1-0ft (-T-kA), n. [L.
fr. fiavdumit royal, fr. fiatnXtik king.]
[F. batUioue.l
Royal ; kingly.
dr.r
^oatAuny (so. ourui),
... j] 1- Originally, a
king*a palace ; hence, a Urge hall used for dispenaing
Justice, a. A church or cathedral. — BA-flUI-Otn, a.
\i Ba-flDl-OOn (-k5n), n. [U] Ointment composed
of wax, pitch, resin, and olive oih lard, etc.
Basl-ltt (bScTT-lTak), n, [Or. PwJdnot UtUe
ains, kind of serpent,
having crown-like prom-
inences on its head.]
1. A fabulous serpent,
of which the ancients
aOeged that iU hisaiug
would drive awav other
serpents, and that its
breath and look were
fataL a. Alisardofthe
Iguana kind.
Ba'MB(bS'8*n),i».[0F.
6oeM, LLb baecMHus^ fr. baeea a water vesseLI 1. A
hoUow vessel, dish, or pool ; a pond ; a dock. ». (a) A
circular valley, whose lowest part generaUv oontaina
water, {b) Tract drained bv a river, or sloping toward
a sea <w kJu. 3. A geological formation whose strata
Badlitk (BatOueuM mitraiu$).
dip inward toward a
BafWlM (-sTa), fi. ; pi. Basbs (-tSs). [L. Bee Basb, n.] 1.
A foundation, groundwork, or support. 2. Principal part.
Bask (bisk), V. i. [OS. badask to bathe one's self.]
To lie in warmth. — v. t. To warm.
BaslMt (bdsOcSt), n. [Of unknown origfai.] 1. A
vessel made of twigs, rushes, etc., interwoven. 2. Tlie
contents of a baakei.
BasOM (b4sk), a. [F.] Pertaining to Biscav, iU
people, or their langnam.<— n. 1. One of a race dwell-
ing near the Bay of Biscay in Spain «nd France. 2.
The language of the Basque people. 3. A part of a lady's
dress, resembling a jacket with a short skirt.
BM'-n-litr (bU'rl-lif), n. [F. ; ftru low + relief
raised work, relever to raise.] Low relief; sculpture,
whose Ag-
urcs project
less than
haU of their
true pro-
portiona;—
called also
bast - relief
and bnsso^Hiievo.
Bam (bAs), n.
[AS. bmrt.} An
edible, splny-flmied
flah, of many species, Knropean and American.
Baas, n. [Comip. of batl.] L The linden or Ume
Striped BsM (Rocem UneatmB).
tree; also, its bark, uaed for making mats. 2. {Pnm,
bla.) A haasook or thick mat.
Baaa (bSs), n. [F. 6cM«0, fr. bat low. See Babb, a.]
1. A bass, or deep, sound or tone. 2. (o) The lowest
part in music, {b) One who sings, or instrument which
plays, bass. [Written also bate^ —a. Deep in tone. •
Baa'aat (bis'sXt or bis-sSt^), n. FF. ftoMetfe.] An
old game at carda, resembling the modem faro.
II Baa'ao (bAs'sd), n. [it., fr. LL. battut,] (a) The
baaa or lowest part in music. (6) One who singa th«
lowest part, (c) The double bass, or contrabatto.
BUHUmf (bfa-sSte^), n. [F. batton, fr. baste ban.]
A wind instrument of the double reed kind, fur-
uished with h<des, which are stopped Inr the fingers,
and by keys, aa in flutea. — Baa-aaonitt, n.
n Baa'B»-il-lla^ro (bAa'sd-rt-iyt'vt), Baa'a^-
la-Ua^VO (b«s'B^r«-18'v6), n. [It. basto-HUevo.l
Bas.reUef.
Baaa' vl^Ol (bis' vi'ttl) n. A stringed instru-
ment of the viol family, uaed for playing
(bAs^wddd/), M. The baaa
or its wood ; the lime tree.
(b4st), n. [AS. bmtl,) 1. The
inner flbroua bark of varioua ounta ;
age, etc., made therefrom. 2. A thick
matting, oord- I
PF. battais fortress, OF.
. J L A tower for the de-
Baa'tart (bis'tSrd), ». [OF., tr. batt » pack- 1
a«ddle used aa a bed by muleteera -f- •or<f.] jL A 1
child begotten out of wedlock ; illegitimate child.
2. An inferior soft brown sngar, obtained from
airupa already boiled. 3. A writing paper of a
particular size. —a. 1. Begotten out of lawful
matrimony. 2. Spurious; adulterate. 3. Abbre-
viated, as the half title in » page preceding the full
title page of a book.
Baa'laitt-laa (-ii), v. f . To make or prove to be
a bastard ; to declare to be illegitimate.
Baanar-dy(-t2r^lf),n. 1. Illegitimacy. 2. Pro-
creation of a baatard ohild.
Baata (bist), v. t. rCf. Icel. beptta to strike,
powder.] 1. To beat with a stick ; to cudgeL 2. I
To sprinkle flour and salt and drip butter or »._„.
fat on (meat in roasting). nw«wn.
Baato. v. t, [OF. battir, prob. fr. OHO. betian to
sew.] To sew loosely, or with long stitches.
Baa-tUa' I (bAs-tifi'), »• r
Baa-tiUa'i to«rtr to build.] _
fense of a fortified place. 2. **The BastiUe,*' formerly
a f ortreas in Paris, used as a prison for politioal ofTendera.
Baa'tS-nada' (bCs'tT-nidO, n. & V. t. Bastinado.
Baa'ti-na'dO (-ni'dd), ». [Sp. batUmada^ fr. batttm
a stick.] 1. A blow with a cudgel. 2. A beating an
offender on the soles of his feet. — r. t. To beat on the
aoles of the feet.
Baatloa (bfa'ch&n ; 26), n. [F. battion, fr. LL. bos-
tire to build.] A work projecting outward from the
main inolosure of a fortification ; a Dulwark.
Bat (bSt), n. [AS. bait.\ 1. A club ; a tapering piece
of wood used in playing baseball, cricket, etc. 2. A
sheet of cotton for filling quilts; batting. 3. A part of
a brick with one whole end. — r. t. To strike with a bat
or pole. —r. i. To use a bat. as in baaeball.
Batn. [OY..back^backe,balke.'\ One of the Cheirop-
tera, an order of flying mammals, having wings formed
by a membrane stretched between the elongated fingers,
Ims, and talL
BatOh (bXch), n, [AS. baean to bake.] L The qnan-
tity of bread baked at one time. 2. A quantity of per^
sons or things of the same kind.
Bata (bit), V. t, & i. To abate, or lesaen by retrench*
ing, deducting, or reducing ; to lower.
B Ba-taan' (WHy), n. ; pi. Batbauz (-MSsO. [F.]
A boat ; a flat-bottomed Canadian boat.
Batsaa bridgs, a floating bridge supported by bateany.
fim, raoOTit, 6rb, rude, f^ ttm, fcKKl, fdbt, out, oil, cliair, bo, ains, ink, then, tbla.
BATH
64
BE
I OAih ; 6), ». ; vf. Baths (b4thz). [AS. 6**.]
1. An ezpoaiiig the body to water, vapor, hot air, etc ,
to cleMiae it. 2. Water, etc., for bathing. 3. A pUce
for bathing. 4. A solution in which photographic plates
or prints are immersed.
Bath (btth), f». [Heb.l A Hebrew measura.
Bath* (tMitfa), p. t. [AS. baSian, fr. baS bath.] 1.
To wash by immersion ; to wet. 2. To apply water or
some liquid medicament to. 3. To surround, or envelop.
«— r. i. To bathe one*s self; to take a bath.— «. Im-
mersion of the body in water. — Bfttll'M', n.
BatllM (bS'thSs), n. [Or. pJiBot depth, fr. /Sotfvf
deep.] A ludicrous descent from the elevated to the
low, in writing or speech ; anticlimax.
II Ba-toI'M (bi-toi'd»-i), n. pi. [NL., fr. Or. fiartn
a kind of ray -f -oi<f.] The division of fishes iucludiuK
the rays and skates. [or truncheon. I
Baron (bit^, F. bK^t^NO, n. [F. bilon.} A staff
U Ba-tn'ohi-a (bi-trit'kT-A), n. pi. [NUfTr. Or. jSa-
rpax*^^ belonging to a frog, fr. fidrpaxot frog.] The
order of amphibians which includes the trogs and toads ;
the Annra. — Ba-tn'Ohl-an (-an), a. & n.
BatfnHdiOia (btt'rA-koid), a. [Batraehia -\- -otVf.]
FrogUke; perUiuing to the Batrachidtf, a family of
manue fishes, incluaing the toadflsh.
Bat-talla (bXt-til'yA ; -26), n. [LL., batUe, a body of
troops. 1 Order of battle ; deposition of troops for action.
Bat-tal'lon (-tn^yOn ; 2G), n. [F. batailion. See Bat-
talia.] 1. A body of troops, or an army in battle array.
2. A regiment, or two or more companies of a regiment.
Batten (bCft'u), v.t.&u [leel. batna to grow bet-
ter ; AS. bet better. 1 To fatten ; to enrich ; to glut.
Batten, n. [F. M/oa. See Baton.] A strip of sawed
•tuir ; scantling. — v. t. To fasten with battens.
Batten, n. [F. baUant. See Battbb, v. /.] The
movable bar of a loom, for closing threads of a woof.
Batter (-tSr), v. t. [F. btitlre, fr. LL. baltrre, for L.
bntuere to strike, beat.l 1. To beat repeatedly and vio-
lently. 2. To wear by hard usage. 3. To flatten (metal)
by hammering, so as to compress it inwardly and spread
It outwardly. »n. 1. A semi-liquid mixture of ingredi-
ents beaten together and used in cookery. 2. A bruise.
Barter, n. One who wields a bat ; a batsman.
Batter-ing-ram' (bltaSr-Tng-rlraO, n. l. An engine
to beat down the walls of besieged phkcen. 2. A blaok-
onith^s hammer, suspended, and worked horizontally.
Batter-y {-9), n. 1. A battering or beating. 2. Tlie
imlawful beaung of another. 3. (a) A place where ar-
taiery is mounted, (b) Two or more pieces of artillery
in the field, (c) A company of artillery, hicluding gun-
ners, guns, horses, and equipments. 4. (a) A number
of Leyden jars so con-
' or many, and is usually premeditated. A battle b more
I general and prolonged. An engagement supposes largs
numbers on each side, engagedin the conflict.
I Battle-door (bfttaM-dOr^),!!. a Ught, flat bia to strike
I a shuttlecock ; play of batUedoor and shuttlecock.
Battle-ment, n, [of. bastWier to fortify.] An in-
dented parapet in ancient fortillcatioDa, aiterwanl*
copied for churches, etc
Bautlle (bft'bU), n. [OF. baubel a chikl's playthinp,
LL. bafibellum jewel, L. b<ibulu* foolish.] A trifling
piece of finery ; cheap, showy pbything ; a fool's dub.
Bawfl (bful), n. [OE. Jb OF. baude bold, merry, perh.
fr. OHO. bfild bold.] One who keeps a house of probti-
tutiou ; a lewd person ; — usually applied to a woman.
Bawd^, a. - Bawdt-lT, adv. — Bawdl-noML ».
Bawl (bflJ), r. /. & t. [Icel. bmUa to bellow^ To
I as to be charged
tmd discharged simulta-
aeously. (b) An appara-
tus for generating voltaic
electricity. 5. A series
of stamps for crushing
ores. 6. In baseball, the
pitcher and catcher to-
gether.
Batting (bSf tTng), n.
1. The act of one who
bats ; management of a bat in games of ball,
in sheets, for making quilts.
Battle (b«f t'l), n. [F. bafaille battle, OF., battle,
battalion, fr. L. battalia exerriseR of soldiers and gladia-
tors, fr. batuere to strike.] 1. A general action involv- I
ing a whole army ; engagement ; combat. 2. A struggle ;
contest — V. t. & i. To fight. |
8yn. — Battlb ; Combat; Fioht; F.soaobment; con-
flict ; encounter : contest : action. — Fifjht is appliM to tho
encounter of a few individuals, commonly an accidental i
one. A rombat is a close encounter, whether between few .
Battery of Ley den Jars.
2. Cotton
Bay Wiudow.
cry out loudly ; to cry. ^n. A prolonged cry ; outcry.
Bay (bS), a. [F. bai, fr. L. badiiu chestnut-colored ;
— used only of horses. 1 Reddish brown ; of the color
of a chestnut : — applied to the color of horses.
Bay, n. [F. baie, fr. LL. teia.] 1. An inlet of the
sea, usiuilly smaller than a gulf. 2. A recess or inden-
tation. 3. A compartment of a building, or in a bam.
4. A kind of mahojnny from Campeachy Bay.
Bay window, a window forming a bay or recess in a
room, and projecting outward
from the wall: - often cor-
ruptly called a bote ufindow.
Bay. n. [F. baie a berry,
fruit of the laurel and other
trees, fr. L. baca^ bacca^ a
berry.] The laurel tree ; /»/.,
an honorary crown bestowed
as a prize, anciently made of
branches of laurel.
Bay Isaf, the leaf of the bay
trt* e, having a fragrant odor and
aromatic taste.
Bay, f. t. To bark, as a dog at his game — r. I. To
bark at; to bring or drive te bay.— n. 1. I>eep4oued,
prolonged barking. 2. [F. a6oi barking, pi. aboi*^ prop.,
condition of a stag surrounded by dogs, barking [abny-
ant).'\ A being obliged to face an antagonist or a diffi-
culty, when escape is impossible.
Bay, n. A bank or dam to keep back water.
BaytMT-ry (bi'ber-rf ), n. The fruit of the bay tree,
of Myrcia aeri*, a West Indian tree, or of Myrica cerijera^
\\">\ mxTtle : tli' ■♦"•nb Jt>el'.
Bay'e-net (-A-nSt), n. [F. bayonette, fr. Bayonne,
where bayonets
were first made. ]
A dagger fitted on
the muxzle of a
musket.— r.^ To
stab or drive by the
bayonet.
Bay'on(bi'65),n.
[F. bayau gut.] An inlet from the Oulf of Mexico, from
a lake, or from a large river.
Bay' mm' (bS' rfim'). A fragrant cosmetic liquid
distilled from the bayberry (Myrcia acris).
Ba-iaar' \ (bA-sl&rOt »• L^er. bazar market.] 1. lo
Ba-iar' l the Eaat, an exchange, marketplace, or as-
semblage of shops. 2. A hall for the sale of goods, ai
at a fair. 3. A fair for a charitoble object.
BdelOlnm (dBl'yBm). n. [L., fr. Or. ^«^AAto•'.] 1
A substance mentioned in the Bible, variously taken to
be a gum, a precious stone, or a kind of amber. 2. A
gum renin from India, Persia, and Africa.
Be (b?), r. i. [ imp. Was (w»z) ; p. p. BatK (Mn) ;
p. pr. & rh. n. Bkino.] [AS. beSn to be, bf6m I htn ;
akin to OHO. ft/m, pirn, O. 6tn, I am, L. fu-i I have
been. Or. 4,vvat, 8kr. bhn to be. This verb is defective,
and the parts larking are supplied by verbs from other
roots, is, fro.<t.} 1. To exist. 2. To include or to in-
cir::
a Sword Bayonet
b Common Bayonet
fi, S, 1, 9,0, long ; ft, C, I, A, O, ^, short; stnflte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cftre, iinn, ask, ||U,flBaL
BEACH
55
BEAT
Toh« M • nmlt, coQMquence, etc. ; to efl«ot; to CMiae.
& l^» ligaitj ; to repreaent or anawer to.
Mh (bich), n, [Cf . IceL bakH tenk. 1 1. Pebbles,
ccdlectiTely ; ahingle. 2. Shore wubed by tb« warea ;
■tnnd. — «./. To nm (a Teaael) upon A beach ; to atrand.
Bm^OM (b6nc*n), n, [AS. be6een.-\ 1. A aignal Bre.
S. A aignal or mark aa a giiide to mannera. 3. A notice
of danger. *v. ^ 1. To light (» beacon) ; to iUomine.
S. ToTnmiah with beacona.
Dtt'OOB^ag* (-tj), n. Money paid to maintain • be**
con ; bMMwna, collectiTely.
BMd (bSd), n, [AS. bed, gebed^ prayer. Beada are
oaed by Bcoum Catholica to cotmt their prayera.] 1. A
little perforated ball, atmng on » thread, and worn for
ornament, or uaed in a roaary for counting pravera. 2.
Any amall globolar body, drop, knob, rounded mould-
ing, etc. * V. L To ornament with brada or beading. *
V. i. To form beadlike bubblea.
BttrtTnr. n 1. Molding in imitation of beada. S. The
beada or bead-forming qnaUty of certain liquors.
BcTdto (bS'dn), II. [OS. & OF. bedel, O. bMel, it,
bietemtohid.} A meaaengeror crierof an Eugliahoourt;
an inferior pariah officer.
BMd'IrolF (bU'rOk), n. A catalogue of peraona, for
the reat of whoae aoula a certain number of prayera are
to be counted oft on the beada of a chaplet ; a catalogue.
noifla'mani Htflta^in f ^Tldi'mimV n A poor man,
in a beadhonae, and required to pray for the
[ <rf ita founder ; an almaman.
Hmd'T (bSd7), a, Reaembling beada ; amall, round,
and gliatening ; ornamented with oeada.
Bm'I^ (bCg*!), n. [Ir. & QaeL beag amalL] A
amall hound, for hunting amall game.
BMk (b«k), II. [F. bee, fr. Oltic ; cf. OoeL & Ir.
bae hook.! 1. The bill or nib of a bird, turtle, inaect,
etc 2. Anything projecting or ending in a point. —
~ ^KbtttTa: • *~
Beaks of Birds, o Flsmlnffo < b Rpnonhill i r TpIIow-
hsmmsr » d Thrash t«Fslcnn }/M*nr«n»er i o Pelicnn x
hAroetHm. wmding bird) i » Bkimnier : A PiKciTn ; / ^*no•-
bi ; m Opeobill j n Ani«vf < toucan-like bud) ; o Saddl©-
btUsu stork ; p Curlew ; 9 Swift.
. . - -' ^^J^h,^' P*^ bicarium. Or. ^i'ltoc wine
PM A lane drinking-cup, supported on a foot.
T^'ft'" i**^^'.**-, tAS. bedm beam, tree, ray ; akin to
11. 000m,] X, A lari^ piece of shaped timber or Iron
tonge: than thick. 2. Piece of the framework of a build-
ing, ship, plow, engine, loom, balance, etc. 3. Width of
• TaaaeL 4. Principal horn of a deer. 5. A ray or col-
lection of parallel raya emitted from » huninona body.
— r. t. To aend forth ; to emit. — > v. i. To ahina.
Bdunlnc (bSmfng), a. Radiant.
BmmyT-f), a- 1- Emitting beama of light. 2. Like
a beam In aise and weight; maaay. 3. Having antlera.
Baan (bSu), n. [AS.] A leguminoua plant, and ito
aeed, of many Tarietiea.
Bmt (bftr), r. /. [imp. Sou (b9r) (formerly Bin
(btr)) ; p. p. BoRK (bdm), Bobmb (b9m) ; p,vr. & rb, n.
Bbarimo.] [AS. beran, beoran; akin to OHO. beran,
peran, L. /erre to bear, carry. Or. ^peu^.l 1. To aup-
port ; to hold up. 2. To carry ; to convey. 3. To aoataln ;
to have on (written or inscribed, or aa a mark). 4. To
wear. 6. To endure; to auifer; to be aoawerable for
(bhune, expenae, reaponaibility, etc). 6. To render or
cive; to bring forward. 7. To bring forth or produce
(children, frmt, profit, etc.).
Syn.— To uphold; auatain; maintain; aupport; un-
dergo; auifer; endure ; tolerate; carry; convey; waft.
— V. «. 1. To produce ; to be fruitful 2. To auifer ; to
endure; to be patient. 3. To have influence or force.
4. To relate or refer. 6. To have a certain meaning or
effect. 6. To be situated, as to the point of the compaaa.
Bmt, n. [AS. bera,"] 1. A plantigrmde. camivoroua
auadruped, but living largelv on fruit and insects. 2.
>ne of two northern consteflationa. the Great Bear, or
UrM Major, and Leuer Bear, Ursa Minor, 3. A
brutal, coarse, or moroae person. 4. A speculator who
sella atocka or aecuritiea for future delivery in expecta-
tion of a fall in the market.*— 9. L To endeavor to
depreaa the price of (stocks).
BMU'a-bto (bftt'i-bU a. Capable of being borne or
endured ; tolerable. — Beai'a-blV, adv.
Beard (bSrd), n. [AS.] 1. The hair on the chin,
lipa, and adjacent parts of the face of a man and of aome
animals. 2. Appendagea to the mouth or Jawa of aome
flshea ; gilla of aome blvalvea ; labial palpi of motha and
butteriUea. 3. Long or atiff hain on a plant ; awn. —
V. t. 1. To take by the beard ; to defy. 2. To deprive
(oyeten or aimilar ahellflsh) of the gills.
Beardaaav, a. L Without a beai^ ; youthfuL 2. Dee-
titute of an awn.
Baar'er (btr'Sr), n. L One that been or carriea.
2. A paUbearer. 3. In India, a palanquin carrier ; houae
servant. 4. One who holda » check, note, draft, or other
order to pay money.
Baartng, n. 1. Manner In which one bean or con-
ducta one*a aelf . 2. Situation of one object, aa to an-
other ; relation. 3. Purport ; meaning. 4. Act, power,
or time of producing or giving birth. 6« Support on
which anjrthmg rests.
Syn.— Deportment; mien; beharior; manner; car-
rii^e : conduct ; direction ; tendency ; influence.
fiaar'lalL a. Resembling a bear in temper or manners.
Bear's'-loot^ (bftrz'fd6t/), n. A species of heUebore,
a powerful emetic, cathartic, and anthelmintic.
B6ax^lktll'(bftr'skTn/),n. L Skin of a bear. 2. Shaggy
cloth. 3. A aoldier*a cap made of bearskin.
Beast (bSst), n. [OB. & OF. beste, fr. L. bestia,"] 1.
An animal. 2. A four-footed, or irrational, aiiimaL 3. A
brutal, filthy, or degraded fellow.
Beaatay (bSstnj^), o. l. PerUlnlngto a beast 2. Bru-
tal ; filthy. 3. Abominable. — Beaatll-neai, n.
8m. — Bestial ; brutish ; irrational ; sen<mal.
Beat (bSt), r. t. [imp. Beat; p. p. Bbat, Bsatbi
(bSf'n) ;p.pr.& vb. n. BsATiifO.] [AS. bedlan.l 1. To
strike repeatedly ; to thrash. 2. To range over In hunt-
ing, to rouse game. 3. To dash agalnet, or strike. 4. To
tread (a path). 6. To overcome in a contest, race,
game, etc.; to conquer ; to surpaaa. 6. To aotmd (an
alarm, charge, parley, retreat, etc.) by beat of drum.
Syn. — To strike: pound; thump; thrash; cudgel^
belabor ; conquer : defeat : vanquish : overcome,
^r. f. 1. To strike repeatedly : to knock loudly. 2.
To pulsate or throb. 3. To dash or fall with force. 4. Tq
f^m, recent, 6rb, r^de, f yll, ikm, food, fo^ot, out, uU, chtde, so, sins, ink, tt&en, U&in,
BEATEN
56
BEE
Vttff* ^aiiut the wind, by Mdlinf in • nlgug line. 6.
To aonnd when struokf m a drum.— n. X A strok*;
blow. 2. A throb ; pulaaUon. 3. Riae or fall of the haud
or foot, marHIng diriaioua of time in muaie ; dlTiaioo of
the meeeure ao marlMd. 4. A courae frequeoUj gone
OTer ; habitual reaort. —a. Weary ; exhausted.
BMt'en (bSt'^n ; 18), a. 1. Made amooth by beating
or treading; worn. 2. Vanquiabed. 3. Exhauated.
B#«tl-nr (bMta-fl), V. I. [U beatifioarti beahu
brapy 4- jacere to make.] To prooounoe or make
bappy: to bleaa.-B«'ft41f4o (bS'i-tlfTk), B^^a-tlMo-
aL a. - B»«t'lrfLMtloa (bMt/T.f T-ki'ah&n), n.
BMtlac (bStang), II. 1. A atrikinc ; puniatament
by blowaTll. PulaaUon ; throbbing. 3. Proceaa of aail-
ing againat the wind by tacka in a aigiag direction.
B»«tlilldt(bMlta-tnd),fli. [h, beatiiudo,) 1. Fe-
licity ; oonaummate bliaa. 2. Any one of tlie nine decla-
ratiooa (called the Beatitudes), made in the Sermon on
the Mount (MaU. v. S-12). 3. Beatification.
Bleaaedneaa
8Tn.-Bk
■ ; felicity ; happineaa.
beau fine, beautiful, Ir. L. bellue
(b0), n. ; pi. F. Bbaux (£. pron. bSs), E. Bkaus
[F..a- -- ' - - - - -— - - - •• -
U (bO' t-dS'al). [¥. beau f idSal an
(b6«). [F.,afop,fr.
pretty, 6oNiu good.1 1. A man who drtisaea in the latest
faaliion ; a dandr. 2. A man who eacorta a lady ; a lorer.
Ideal.] An ideal or faultleaa atandard or modeL
BMQlall, a. Foppiah ; flue.
IIBmii' mondf lb9 mfiiidO. [F. beau -f monde
world.] The faaliiouable world ; people of faahion.
B«m'to^1Ul(bn'tl-a^, B«ul'ttM,«. Harlng beau-
ty. - BMQle^itt-ly, BMurti-fnl-ly, adv. — Bmn'i^
<Hiff iiofli.Potn*tt fnl iMi. n.
SynT— Handaome ; elegant ; loTeJhr ; fair ; charming ;
graceful ; pretty ; delighttuL See Fm.
BMLUftirtf (-tl-fi), V, U IBeauty -h^.] Tb make
beautiful ; to add beauty to ; to embelliah.
Syn* "To adorn ; grace ; ornament ; deck ; decorate.
BMIIty (btPtj^), n. [OE. & OF. beauti. See Bbait.]
1. An aaaemblage of gracea pleasing to the eye, miud, or
moral aense. 2. Anything beautifuL 3. A beautiful
person, eap. a beautiful woman.
Bmub (bSz). n., pi. of Bbau.
h. fiber.] 1.
An amphib-
ioua rodent,
baring pal-
mated nind
feet and a
broad, flat
tail, and re>
markable in-
genuity in
constructing
lodgesand
atreama. 2.
Fur of the Bevnr {Ca»for /ther).
beaver. 3. A hat, made of thia fur, or of ailk. 4.
Bearer cloth, a heavy cloth for overcoata.
Better, n. [F. havi^, fr. bave slaver, chnd*a bib.]
The front piece of a helmet, to protect the face, which
the wearer could raise or lower, to eat anu drink.
Ba-oalm' (bl-kiimOt v. t. 1. To render calm or quiet ;
to appease. 2. To keep from motion, by lack of wind.
Ba^MUB*' (bl-k5m0. imp. of Bacom.
B«-cavM' (b^kfHiOt conj' [OE. bycauee / 6y + cause.']
Byor for the cause or reaaon that ; for ; ainoe ; aa.
^O-ohanM' (-chins'), »./.&<. [Pref. be- for, by -f
chance.} To befall ; to chance ; to happen.
^UBtelM' d« nMI' (btah/ de mftrO. [F., lit., a aea
Ipade.] Thetrepang; a aea slug.
B60K(bSk),n. [AS. ^!cc.] A small brook.
^- *- A bade or vat ; cistern ; trough.
Mk (bSk). V. i. A t. [Contr. of tedfcon.] To nod, or
sign with head or hand. — ft. A aigniflcant nod, or motion.
BMk'oa (bik^k^u), e. i. A t. [^S. bedcnian, fr. beA-
een a sign.] To direct by a aigniflcant motion ; to notify
by nod or sign. — >«. A sign without worda ; • beck.
Bo-Otond' (bl-kloodO, V. i. To obacme ; to dim.
Bt CWlllt' (bi-kOm'), V. i. [AS. tectunan to come to,
to lumpen ; akin to O. beJtommen to get, suit. Bee B»>
and Com.] Tb paaa from one atate to another ; to be
made. »v. L To flt ; to beflt ; to ault.
Be-OOmtllC a. Appropriate or flt ; gracefal ; befit-
ting. — BdHMMBf -ly, adv. — Bt^wm'uit-MM, n.
Syn. — Seemly ; comely ; deooroua ; decent ; proper.
B«a (bid), n. [AS. ; akin to O. beit.] 1. Couch to
aleeporreaton. 2. PhU of ground in a garden. 3. Bot-
tom of a body of water. 4. A biyer or stratum. 6.
Foundation. »v. U To put in or on a bed, or upon »
foundation, ^v. i. To go to bed ; to oohabiL
B»4abaito (bl-dttm), v. L To dabble ; to wet
Ba-dAf'gto (-dig^gU), V. t. To daggle, aoO, or danb.
Ba-danlK (-dabO. •• t. To daub over ; to aolL
BtdlMlt' (bU'bDg'), ft. A winglesa, bloodsucking,
hemipterous ^sect, infesting houses, and espedaUy beda.
j«r (-chlm'bJr), n. A room for a bed.
BtA'oloClMr (-klOths' or -klSa'), n. pi. Blanketa,
aheets, coverlets, etc., for a bed.
Bcd'dibv. n- 1. A bed and iU materials ; bedclothes \
litter. 2. 'Geological poaitioo of beds and layera.
Ba^aclC (bt-<lckOi t>. <. To deck or adorn ; to grace.
Be^tTU (-dCvny, V. L [imp. A p- p. BKnanLin or
BcoKviLLBD ; p. pr. A vb. n, femiBTixjiro or Bbdsvix/*
UKo.] To throw into utter coofualon, aa if by agency of
evil spirits ; to torment. — Ba^ertl-BMIIt, n.
B^^lew^ (-duO, V. L To moisten with dew.
BtaitllOW (bM'fnnft), ». one sleeping with another.
Ba-dim' (bt^Tm'), r. /. To make dim ; to obecure.
B«-dll'MI (b#-dTz^x'n or b(-di'z*n), v. t. To dreaa or
adorn tawdrily or with false taste. — Be-dll'ClHIieBt, A.
Btdlam (MdOom), n. [Corrup. fr. Bethlehem, name
of a lunatic asylum in London.] A place for confinement
and care of the inaane. 2. Uproar ; oonfuaion. — o. Be-
longing to. or flt for, a madhouse. — Bodlam-ltO (-it), n.
MKon-ln (bSd'db-Sn or -Tn), n. [F., fr. Ar. bedavi
rural, living in the desert, fr. badw desert.] One of the
n<»nadic Aiaba, of ArabialSyria, etc. ^o. Tertaiuing to
tbe Bcdciutna; nomad. — BM'oa-tn-lmi, n.
Bed^pan'' (-pli> )« t*. I A pan for warming beda. 2.
A -)i.lLIi..'Iv rIbiuiiiiU'T- ve^uU for a bedridden person.
Bed' piece (-pe--'')» I u- Tlie foundation piece, by
Bod 'plat 6' (pi Si )i I ^liich other parts of a macliine
ai, ImM ipi ].Urc ; — I Jiikd also baseplate and soleplate.
Bi!d^qullt ( - b VI ! tt ' ).n. A quilt for a bed ; coverlet.
Be drag'gle (l ^-ilrie^B^l ), r. t. To drag in dirt.
Be^ drancn^ (-Hlr^EirbOt i'> ^* ^ drench ; to soak.
Bod'Jld^ ( lw^<l'rT<l'), I o. [AS. bedreda ; fr. bed -f
Bed'rM'deti ( rl JM'u), I ridda a rider.] Confined to
br^ n iiM k ] ay^m or iiiflrmlt v. [formations. I
Bud' rook' (rBk'). Solid rock underlying superficial!
Bedtoom < -Tw.m)* n . A room for a bed ; sleeping room.
Bed'iJdfr (-^U'\ n. TJ.« side of a bed.
Bed'Borcv i -^ot' ), n. A sore caused by lying in bed.
Bod'sprfl^fl' (^pjiTliiJ'). ^'. A bedqnilt ; coverlet
Bed's! ead (-itffil), n. [Bed + stead a frame.] A
fr:'Ui»^»*<'rk for ^iipfwrtiiiFS rt bed.
Bedtlok' i'tTk' K fi' A tick or bag made of cloth, for
in4 Lii:^irik^ \hv mnUTialM of u bed.
Bed'^ttme' iihn' j, n. The time to go to bed.
Bed'uLn ^^nlu), n. & a. Bedouin.
Bo dye' I b*Hli'), ft, t To dye or atain.
Bee <>*l. rt. [AS. heL'] 1. A four-winged Inaect of
miitiv ffp-ncf* jm<l iriw]<* The common honeybee Uvea
in ku^abcifii. 2. A gmthetlng of people to labor for an
Individual or family. 3. pi. Pieces of hard wood bolted
to the bowsprit, to reeve the fore-topmast sUys through.
a, », 1, 3, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, «, t, short ; amiite, «v«it, idea, ftbey. finite, c4re, Unn, Aak, iill, fln«L
BEEBREAD
57
BEHAVE
thcTo
^ • soft, unctuous matter, with which bees ce-
combs to the hives, aud close
up the cells;— called also protjolis.
Bm Ubs, shortest way between two
placesTuke a bee's flight to iU hive.
*B5hlI««d'(bybriaO,n. A brown,
bitter substance, made chiefly from
poUen of flowers, and collected by
boes as food for their voung.
BmcH (bSch), n. [AS. bice; akin
to L. /offtu, Or. im6% oak, ^ayciy to
eat.] A tree of Europe and Aruerica,
bearing an edible nut. — Beaoh'eil
(bScl/Hi), a. [the beech tree. I
BMOhnuit' (-nKt/), n. The nut of |
Bee'-Mt'er (bS'a/Sr), n. (a) A
ed European bird that
lb) An African bird.
.___(bM),ii. [OE. & OF. boe/jT.
L. boa^ bovUy ox ; akin to Or. fiov^, B.
cow.] 1. An animal of the ox kind,
including the bull, cow. and ox. [In ^ Beech Twi^ ; fa)
this sense, the word has a plural, Leaf, (6) Bur.
beetfts (bSrs).] 2. The flesh of a bo- i? Beeelinut. entire
▼Ineanimal.slaughteredforfood.— o. »nd(C)mMction.
Pertaining to, or resembling, beef.
briiliantl V col<Mred Europesn bl
feeds on beee.
Diagram showinir how M>me butcher* dlnde a beef : 1 Neck :
SHhakinie piece t 3 Chine : 4 Ribs ; 5 Clod ; 6 Brisket i 7
Flank t 8 l^in. Sirloin : » Rump; 10 Round i 11 I.<egi U
Foot : 13 Udder i 14 Shin ( 15 Cheek.
BMfaat'er (-it^r), n. 1. One who eats beef; a
large, fleshy person. 2. A yeoman of the guard, hi
England. 3. An African bird which feeds on larvie of
botflies hatched under the skin of oxen, antelopes, etc.
BMfCtMk' (-stSkOt n. A steak of beef ; a slice of
beef broiled or suitable for broiling.
Poat*7, a. Earing much beef ; fleshy.
B«e'Jll¥»' (bS'hiv^), n. A hive for a swarm of bees.
Been (bTn). [OB. beon^ 5«n, bin, p. p. of beon to be.
SeeBs.] The past participle of Bb.
BacrtbSr), n. [AS. be^; akin to D. & O. bier.} A
fermented liquor made from malt, with hops.
Betr^ {p^f^y, a. Besembling beer; affected by
beer ; maudlin. — BMll-liaas, n.
Bma^maf (bSs^wSks'), n. The wax secreted by
bees, and of which their cells are constructed.
BlMllIm" (-wTng'), n. A crust formed in old wines,
eonsistfang of sciues of tartar, resembling the wing of a bee.
Ba«t(bSt), n. [AS. bete, L. beta.} A biennial phuit,
producing an edible root the first vear and Seed the next.
Ba^'lle (bi^M), n. [AS. im hammer, fr. be&tnn to
be^l 1. A mallet. 2. A machine for hammering tex-
tile fabrics while raaslng over rollers.— v. t. To beat
with a mallet; to finish (cloth) by hammering.
BMtto, n. [AS. Kte/, fr. Mton to bite.l A coleop.
terous insect having four wings, the outer pair being stiff
cases for covering the others when folded.
pr. & vb.'n. BiVALLiMO.] [AS.
'To happen (to).
Bao'tte (bS^*l), V. i. [OE. bUel, adj., sharp, projec-
ting, n., a beetle.] To extend beyouJ the base ; to jut.
Boere (bSv), n. A beef creature.
BeeTes (bSrs), n., plural of Bb», the animaL
Be-fall' (b^-f»lO, V. L & i, [imp. Bkfbll (-fSlO ; p.
p. Bbfalukn (-fftl'*n) ; /». pr. & r6. n. ~
befeallan; nref. be- 4- jealian to iaXl.
Be-ftt' (-fTt'), V, L To suit; to become. — B«-llt'-
B#-Io|k' (-f 9g^), V. i. To InvolTC in a fog ; to confuse.
B*-fOOl' (-f 5dl'), V. t. To delude ; to make foolish.
B^-tm^ (-f5r'), orep. [AS. be/oran; pref. be- -f
/oran, fore, before.] 1. In front of ; preceding ; earlier
than. 2. In advance of ; farther onward. 3. Prior in
order, rank, riglit, or worth ; rather than. 4. In pres-
ence or sight of ; face to face with. 6. Under the ju-
risdiction of. 6. Open for; in the power of.— adv.
1. In front. 2. In advance. 3. Previously; already.
4. Earlier ; sooner than ; until then.
Be-toreliaild' (-hSndO, adv. 1. In advance. 2. By
way of preparation; preriously. — a. In comfortable
circumstances as regards property.
Ba-foul' (-foul'), V. t. To make foul ; to soil.
Be-frieoA' (-f rSnd'), r. t. To act as a friend to ; to aid.
Beg (b«g or WS), n. [Turk. beg. ^ton. bay.} A bey.
Beg (b«g), V. t. [imp. & p. p. Bbooki) (WSgd) ; p. pr.
& vb. n. BsoonffO.] [Perh. fr. AS. bedecian, biddany to
ask.] 1. To ask earnestly for ; to beseech. 2. To en-
treat. 3. To take for granted ; to assume without proof.
— > V. i. To ask charity ; to live by asking alms.
Syn. — To Bu; Ask; Rbqubst. — To a*k (not in the
sense of inquiring) embraces all these words. To req^teM
Is a polite mode of askhig. To beg was originally to ask
earnestly ; but it has taken the place of both ask and
request, as expresshig more of deference and respect.
Bengali' (bl-gftuO, imp. of Bboik.
Be-gef (-g«f ), V. t. [imp. Beoot (-g8tO, {Archaic)
BioAT (-friJf ) ; p. p. Bboot, Bwk>tt«h (-g5f t'n) ; p. pr.
& vb. n. BBorrmie.] [AS. begUan to get ; pref. be- +
giian.} To procreate ; to generate ; to cause to exist.
~ * One who begs or asks alms. —
; to impoverish. 2. To
UMd, Beg'iar-y, n. —
Beg'gur-ly, a. & adv.
Bo-gin' (bt-gln'), V. <. [imp. & p.p. Bmav (bMKnOf
Baouir (bi-gfln') ; p. pr. & vb. n. Bienriniio (-nTng).
iAS. beginnan ; pref. be- -\- assumed ginnan to begin.]
.. To take rise ; to commence. 2. To do tlie first act or
take the first step; to start. — v. t. To enter on; to
make a beginning of. — Be-fl^'lisr, n.
Syn. — To commence ; originate ; set about ; start.
B»-glB'lling, n. 1. First act, effort, or state. 2.
Origin; source. 3. A rudiment or element.
Syn. — Inception ; origfai : outset ; foundation.
Bo-fdrd' (-gird'), V. t. 1. To bind with a band or gii^
die. ST To surround as with a band ; to encompass.
Bo-goaf C-gSn'), inierj. [Be, v. i. + gone, p. p.]
Oo away : deiMurt ; get you gone.
Bo-gOl' (-gW/), imp. A p. p. of Bmbt.
Bo-got'ton, p. p. of BiovT.
Bo-grlmo' (-gnmO, V. t. To soil with grime or dirt.
Bo-gmdgO' f-grflj'), V. t. To envy the poseeoston of.
Bo-gvilr (-gil'), V. t. 1. To delude by guile or craft ;
to impose on. 2. To relieve the tedium or weariness of ;
to divert — Bo-gllllO'lllOIlt, n. — Bo-gvll'or, n.
Syn. - To delude ; cheat ; mislead ; amuse ; entertain.
II Bo'gnm (bS'gfira ; E. be'glim). n. [Per.] An East
Indian princess or lady of high rank.
Bo-gun' (b^-gfin'), p.p. of BioiH.
Bo-nalf' (-h&f'), n. [OE. on-behalve in the name of,
fr. AS. heal/ half, side, part.] Advantage ; favor ; stead ;
interest ; support ; defense.
Bo-hATO' (-hivO, V. t. [AS. behabban to restrain;
pref. be- -\- habban to have.] To canr ; to conduct ; to
bear. —v. i. To act ; to conduct one^s self.
Bog'gar (bfig'gSr), n. One who b
V. t. 1. To reduce to beggary ; to i
seem inadequate. — Bog'gur-llOOd,
fgni, veoeni, Orb, r^do, f yll, ftm, ftfbd, f<n»t, ant, oil, obair, so, sins* fok* tben, Uiln.
BEHAVIOR
58
BEMIRE
Be-haT'lor (bi-hir'ySr), n. Manner of behaving;
deportment; carriage.
Syn. — Bkhaviob: Covdvct; bearing: demeanor;
manner. — Behavior is the mode in which we havf or bear
ourselves before, or toward, other* ; coftdwit the mode
of carrying ourselves in the concerns of life.
Be-lUMtt^ (bSdO, V. t, [AS. behe6/diun ; pref. he- +
hehjod head. J To sever the head from ; to decapitate.
Be-h^' (-hSld'), imp. Si p. p. of Bshold.
BalM-motll (bS'ht-mSth), n. [Ueb., fr. Egvptian
P-ehe-maui hippopotamus.] An animal, probably the
hippopotamus, described in Job xl. 15-24.
M-bflSt' (M-b8st0, n. [AS. behBs promise ; pref. bo-
-\~ hM* command.] A command ; mandate ; Injunction.
Be-talnd' (-hinaOt pr«p. [AS. behindan; pref. be- +
hindan. Bee Hnro, a.] 1. At the back of ; on the other
side of. S. Inferior.— a(/r. 1. Backward. 2. Remaining.
Bt-ldndlumd' (-hXudOt ^^^c* ^ ^ Backward.
Be-llOld' (-hSldOf V. t' & »• limp. & p. p. Bkhxld
(-h«ldO (p. p. formerly Bkholobm (-h5ld"n), now used
only as a p. a.) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Brholdihg. 1 [AS. be-
healdan to have (n sight ; pref. be- -\- healaan to hold,
keep.] To see clearly ; to regard with the eves.
Syn. — To scan : regard ; descry ; view; discern.
Ba-lMld'eil (-'n)« p. a. Obliged ; indebted.
B^-tudd'er, ». One who beholds ; a specUtor.
Be-ll00f'(-h5&f0,n. [AS. 6^ WO Advantage ; profit ;
benefit ; use.
Be-hOOVf (-hWvO, V. t. &. i. [AS. behOfian.} To be
necessary, fit, or meet for; to befit ; to liecome.
Bt^ng (bSHTng), p. or. from Bk. Existing. — n. 1.
Existence. 2. That which exists.
Be-lanior (b«>la'b8r), V. t. 1. To Ubor dUigently
upon. 2. To beat soundly ; to cudgel.
Be-Utt' (-llt^)« V- t' To reUrd or make too late.
B*-lat'6d, a. Delayed ; too late ; overtaken by night,
Be-lay' (-liO* v- ^« [imp. & v. p. Bklaid, Bblatki
(-lid') ;p.pr.& vb, n. Bklayiso. J L^^. beleggen to cover,
belay.] To make fast (a rope) by taking seven-U turns
with it ronnd a pbi or deat.
Bslsylng pla, a strong pin in the side of a vessel, or by
the mast, round which ropes are belayed. . _
Beloh (b«lch ; 62), v. t. & i. [AS. bealean.-] 1. To
eject (wind, ete.) from the stomach. 2. To issue with
spasmodic force or noise, ^n. An eructation.
Bal'dam \ (bfil'dom), n. [Pref. bet-, denoting rela-
B^lMame I tionship 4- dame mother.] 1. Grand-
mother. 2. An ugly old woman ; a hag.
Be-lM'glMr (b^-18'g8r), V. t. [D. helegeren ; pref. be-
— E. be- -f- leger bed, camp, army ; akin to E. /«»>.] To
surround with an army ; to besiege ; to blockade.
Syn. —To block up ; environ ; invest ; encompass.
II B«l'-«S-pllt' (b81'88-pr8'), n. ; p/. Bbaux-espiuts
(b5».'8s-pr5')« [F., fine wit.] A fine genius; man of wit.
Bolfry (bffl'fry), n. [MHO. bervrit, fr. bergen to pro-
toct + vride peace.] 1. Anciently, a besiegers' movable
tower for attack and defense. 2. A bell tower. 3. A
room in a tower, cupola, or turret. In which a bell is hung.
Be-Ut' (bt-UO, V, t, [AS. beUSgan ; pref. be- -f led-
gnn to He.] 1. To convict of, or charge with, falsehood.
2. To give a false account of . 3. To slander.
B*-ltor (-15f0» ^ [Bee Bklbvk.] 1. Assent to the
truth of a fact, opinion, or assertion ; confidence. 2. A
persuasion of the truths of religion; faith. 3. The thing
believed. 4. A body of teneU; doctrine : creed.
Syn. — Credence ; trust ; reliance : assurance ; opinion.
Be-liOVe' (-18V), v. t. [AS. gelefan.] To exercise be-
lief in ; to credit; to think. — r. i. 1 To have a firm
persuasion, esp. of the truths of religion ; to exercise
faith. 2. To think ; to suppose.— Be-UoT'ft-lllo, a. —
Be-ltov'er, n.
8yn. - See EXPMT. ^ ^ „_,
Be-Uttlt (-ITtt'l), V. t. To make little or less in a
moral sense ; to speak of contemptnotisly.
Bell (bgl), n. [AS. belle, fr. bellan to bellow.] 1. A
hollow metallic vessel which ringa whn ilniek. 2. Any-
thing formed like a bell, as the cop
or corol of a flower. 3. pi. Strokes
of a ship's bell which mark the time ;
time BO designated. — r. t. To
put a bell upon. — r. t. To develop
bells or corollas ; to take the form
of a ben.
B«ll (b«), V. i. [AS. bellan. See
Billow.] To call or bellow, as deei ^j
in rutting time ; to roar.
B«l'U-doa1ia (b«l / lA - d»n ' nA), ^^. , „ „ ^
n. [It,, lit., fine hidy ; bella bean- ^{1°"?' ^"r^J?
tifulV donia h«ly.]'Deadlpr night- ^^A^J^Z^Td
shade, a European i.lant witli bell- Yoke : M Mouth t
shaped flowers and black berries. P Sound bow » s
It U very poisonous, and iU root Shoulder; rBsrreL
and leaves are used medicinally.
BcUt (bSl), n. [F., fem. of M, beau, beautiful, fine.
See Bbau.] An attractive and popular young lady.
llB*ll«»-lrttW»(b«l-18ta«r\ii.p/. [F.] PoUteor
elegant literature ; the humanities.
MOl-COM" (Unnt-kSs'}, a. [L. bdlicotuM, fr. bellieuM
of war, fr. bellvm war.] Inclined to war ; pugnacious.
Bel-Uff'er-mt (bH-lIj'Sr.ent), a. [L. beUum -\-9rren9,
■entis, waging, p. pr. of gerere to wage.] L waging
war. 2. Pertainmg, or tending, to war; relating to bel-
ligerents, •^n. A nation recogoiied as carrying on war ;
a person ei^ged in warfare.
BeU'kliail (bSl'man), n. A man who rings • bell, esp.
to give notice of anything in the streets.
Bell' met'al (m«t'ol or met^'l). a hard alloy or
bronse, used for making bells.
Bellow (-W), V. i, [AS, bylgean, fr, bellan. See
Bill, Bawl, Bitll.] 1. to make a hollow, loud noise,
as an enraged buU. 2. To bawl; to roar; to make a
loud, hollow sound. — n. A loud outery or roar.
Bellow* (-lOs), fi. Hng. & pi. [AS. bielg, bmlig.
Bellows is prop, a pL and the orig. sense is bag. See
Belly.] An instrument for driving air through a tube.
• Belrwetll'er (-wSth^ir), n. A wether, or sheep,
which leads the flock, with a bell on his neck.
Belly (-W), n. [AS. belg, bsdig, bag, bellows, belly.]
That uut of the body containing the bowels ; abdomen.
^ V. i. To swell and protrude ; to bulge.
BellT iMlnd' ( ^«KndO, n. 1. A girtA for a horse. 2.
A t-.tiiil «.M .'iiiuiij-., to strengthen a saiL
Be-lonif' tbJ-l^tigO, t'. i. [Pref. be- -f Umgen to de-
sir t. ] 1. Ti i 1 r 1 1 It property, concern, or proper business
o/. Fu u|i^]>H tUIej to. 2. To be native^, or an Inhabitant o/.
Be-lon^tng ^ ^j That which belongs to one ; goods or
efiictdi uiL n^njipniiAge; appurtenance.
Bo loved' (4i^vt]' as p. p., -Idv^ as a.), p. p. &a,
Grosktiy b^-^ifd : fh-ar to the heart.
Bo^lov'ed I fNv^?!d), n. One greatly loved.
Be low I i~.'''.f-'ep. [Pref. 6e- by -f /otr.] L Under,
or l-wfT ill fh'*' n l)eneath. 2- Inferior to. 3. Unwor-
thy ni ; ufibpliUtfitj. — adv. 1. In a lower place or state ;
beneath. 2. Ou the earth, as opposed to the heavena.
3. In hell. 4. In some part orpage foUowing.
Belt (Wnt), n. [AS.] 1, That which engirdles a
person or thing; a band or girdle. 2. A band of
leather, or other flexible substance, passing around two
wheels, fai machinery, to communicate motion from one
to the other. — ■ r. t. To encircle ; to encompass.
Belting, n. Material of which belts are made ; also,
belts, collectively.
Be-ln'ga (b$-lu'gA), n. [Russ. bieluga sturgeon.]
A cetacean allied to the dolphins.
Bel've^ere' (bSl'vl-dSr'), n. [It,, fr. bello, bel, bean-
tiful + vedere to see.] A small open structure, com-
manding a fine prospect.
Be-nure' (b^mir'\ v. i. To drag through, or fix in,
the mire ; to soil with mud or dirt.
ft, 5, 1, 5, a, lonj ;&,«,!. », «. t. •»»ort ; sanAte, «vent, tdea, ftbey, finite, cAre, ftrm, &sk, ;^, flnaL
BEMOAN
59
BERG
r(b*-in9n0«c-'- [ AS. ftewdinon ; pref. 6e- -f-
I to moftn.] To bewail ; to pity.
8711. — See Dbpmrs.
Be-OMNlk' (-inSk'), V. I. To mock ; to ridicule.
Bineh (Mnch), n. [AS. bene; akin to 8w., D., & O.
ba%k.'\ 1. A seat longer than a atool. 2. A long table
at which mechanioa work. 3. The leat for Judges in
court. 4. The peraona who alt aa Judgea; th4 court.
S. A coUec^n of doga for exhibition.
BflOOh'er, n. One of the aenior members of an Eng-
Uah Inn of Court.
B«Bd (b8od), V. t. Ump, Sip. p. Bbhdbo or Bsmt
218 It) ; p. pr, & vb. n. Bindino.T [AS. bendan to bend,
. ben(dL% band, fr. hindan to buid.] 1. To atrain out
of a attaiffht line ; to curve. 2. To incline ; to direct.
3. To subdue. 4. To faaten(one rope to another, a cable
to an anchor, etc).*P. i. 1. To be moved; to bow.
2. To be inclined ; to be directed. 3. To bow in prayer,
or in anbmisaion — n. 1. A turn ; a crook. 2. A knot
hf which a rope ia fastened.
B^wMCbf (M-n8th' or -nSth'), prep. [AS. beneoSan ;
pref. be- -)- neoSan^ downward, akin to R. neiher.} 1.
Lower than ; under ; underneath. 2. Unworthy of ; un-
becoming, '■^adv. In a lower place ; below.
BiB^«^liot (bSn^-dlkt), I n. [Fr. Benedick, a cliarac-
Binr«-dlldC (-dTk), ) ter in Shakespeare's play
** Much Ado about Nothing.**] A married man, or man
newly married.
BMI'A-dlotiOB (-dTk'shOn), n. [L. benedictio. See
BsKUOir.l A blessing; invocation of bappmess.
Bmif4Maftlmi (-flk'shfin), n. [L. bene/actio, fr.
boffacere. See BcnEvrr.] JL The conferring a bene-
fit. 2. A benefit conferred ; a charitable donation. —
Btn'^-fiolflr, n. — Btii'^-faotrMSt n. /.
8yn. — Oift; preaent ; gratuity ; boon ; alma.
BtB'e-lloe (bBtt'^flB), n. [F. ; L. benefieium a kind-
naas, in LL. a grant of an estate. See Bsmrrr.] An
eodeaiastical living and church preferment. — p. t. To
endow with a benefice. [Commonly in p. p.]
Be-lMflrOMMe (bl-n8in-sras), n. [L. beneftcentia.
See Bsaxrrr.] Active goodness, kindness, or charity.
— Be-iMll-oaiit, a. — Be-iMfl-oeBMir, adv.
Syn. —See Bbitivolkvcb, BsiravoLBNT.
Ben'^-flfGlal (bSn't-fTsh^al), a. [F.l Conferring
benefits ; useful ; profitable. — B6ll't-ll'dal-ly, adv.
Sjn, — See AovAirrAOB.
Bmt^Wti-9rrj (-nsh^-t-i^, or -flsh'A-ry ; 26), a.
[LL. bene/Uiariui.J L Holding some valuable possee-
Mon, in subordination to another ; holding under a feu-
dal or other superior. 2. Bestowed as a gratuity.—
n. 1. One who holds a benefice and uses its proceeds.
2. One who receives a benefit ; one who receives help
from an educational fund or trust estate.
B«B't-flt (-fit), n. [OE. benefet, F. bienfaU, fr. L.
bene/actum ; bene well ^v. of bonus good) -f factum^
p. p. of facere to do.] 1. An act of kindness ; a favor
conferred. 2. Whatever promotes prosperity and hap-
reM, or adda value to property ; advanti^pe ; profit.
A theatrical performance, etc., whose proceeds go to
some individual actor or charitable use.
8yn. — Profit ; service ; use ; avalL See Advantaob.
—«./.&<. To advantage ; to profit. — Ban'^-flt'er, m.
Be-BtV^O-Imot (b*-n«v'ft-Vns), n. [OF. ; L. benevo-
Itniia. See Bbhktolsht.] 1. Disposition to do good ;
good will. 2. Kind act ; good done ; charity given.
Syn. — BBmroLBMCB ; BufBricsHCB ; HuNxncBiicB. —
Benevolence marka a disposition made in> of a choice and
desire for the happiness of others. Beneficence marks
the working of this disposition in dispensing good. Mu-
ni/tcence shows the same disposition, but acting on a
still broader scale. In conferring gifts and favors.
Be-BtV^O-lant (-lent), a. [L. benerolens<, -enti* ; bene
wen (adv. of bonus good) -\- ro/«n*, p. pr. of volo I will,
I wiah.] Disposed to do good ; manifesting love to man-
kind, and desire to promote their happiness ; dispoaed
to give to good objects ; charitable.
8yn. — Bbnbvolbnt; BBMBncxnr. — Etymologically,
benevolent implies msMng well to others, and beneflceni^
doing well. But benevolent now includes both feelings
and action.
Be-nlghf (b^-nltO, v. 1. 1. To bivolve bi darkness;
to overtake with night. 2. To involve in ignorance.
Be-BlgB' (-ninOf a. [F. bSnin, fem. bhiigne, fr. L. be-
niffnusTbonus good -f* root of genus kind.] 1. Of a kind
disposition ; benignant. 2. Mild ; wholesome. 3. Of a
mild type or character. — Be-Olc'lli-ty (-nTg'nT-tj^), n.
— Be-nigllly (-nlulj^), adv.
Syn. — Kind ; propitious ; bland ; genial ; salubrious ;
favorable; salutary; gracious; liberal.
Be-alff^iailt (-nig'naut), a. [LL. benignanSf fr. L.
benignus. ] Kind ; favorable. — Be-olc'liail-oy , n .
Bant-MUl (bSnT-i^n), n. [OF. beneison, fr. L. bene-
dictio, f r. benedicere to bless ; bene -f dicere to say.]
Blessing; beatitude; benediction.
Bent (bSnt), imp. & p. p. of Bind.
Bant, a. &p. p. 1. Changed by pressure so as to be
no longer straight ; crooked. 2. Strongly inclfaied to-
ward something, so as to be resolved, determined, set,
etc. (on doing something). —ft. 1. A leaning or biaa;
tendency of mind ; inclination ; purpose ; aim. 2. Par-
ticular direction or tendency ; flexion ; course.
Syn. — Bbmt ; Bias ; Imcuhation ; Prbpossbssion ;
preoilection ; turn. — Bent denotes a fixed tendency of the
mind, and applies to the will, intellect, and affections,
conjointly. Bias Is literally a weight on one aide of a
ball used in bowling, causing it to swerve from a straight
course : figuratively, it denotes a permanent force on the
character. Inrlinalion is an excited state of desire
Prepossession is a mingled state of feeling and opinion
which has occupied the mind previous to inquiry : it is
commonly used in a good sense, an unfavorable impres-
sion being denominated % prejudice.
Bant, n., Banf ipn^lf (gr^)* [AS. beonet ; akin to
O. binse rush.] A reedlike grass ; redtop.
Be-nnmb' (bt-nQmO, v. t. [AS. bentman; pref. be-
+ niman to take. See Numb.] To make tor^d.
Ban'iane (bSu'sSn or bSn-zen'), n. [Fr. Bbnbooi.]
A volatile, very infiammable liquid, contained in the
naphtha distilled from coal ; benzole.
Ben'sllld (bSu'zTn or b«n-z6nO, n. [Fr. Bsirzonr.]
A liquid consisting of the lighter hydrocarbons of petro-
leum, used as a solvent and for cleansing soiled fabrica.
Ban-ao'lo (b8n-z5^k), a. Pertaining to, or obtained
from, benzoin.
Ban-aolll' (-zoinT), n. [Sp. benjui, fr. Ar. lubdn-j&wl
incense from Sumatra.] A resinous substance from a
tree of Sumatra, Java, etc., used in preparation of benzoic
acid, in medicine, and as a perfume.
Ban'AOle I (bSn'zSl or b8n.z510,B6ll'kO-U]l»(-B«-lTn),
Ban'aOl ) n. IBenzoin 4- L. oleum oil.] An im-
pure benzene, used as a solvent In manufacturing India
rubber and gutta percha, cleaning kid gloves, etc.
Ba-pnlse' (bt-prSz'), v. /. To praise extravagantly.
Be-qnafttll' (-kwStfa')* «*• i- [AS. becweSan to say,
bequeath ; pref. be- -j- ciceSan to speak. See Quoth.]
To give or leave by will ; to hand down ; to transmit.
Syn. — To Bbqueath ; Dbvisb. — Devise, in legal usage,
denotes a gift by will of real property, and he to whom It
is given is called the detHsee. Bequeath is properly ap-
plied to a legacy, and he who receives it is called a legatee.
Be-qnast' (b«-kw8»t0, n. [OE. biowst; pref. fte- +
AS. cuHde a saying, fr. becweSan.'\ 1. A bequeathing.
2. Property left by will ; a legacy ; a gift.
Ba-rata' (-rat'), v. t. To rate or chide ; to scold.
Ba-raaTa' (-rSv'), »'. /. {imp. & p. p. Bbrbavbd (b«-
rSvdO, Bbreft (b«-r«ft') \ p. pr. & vb. n. Bbbbavimo.]
[AS. beredfian. See Bb-, and Rkavb.] To make deati-
tute ; to deprive ; to 8tri|v — Ba-raaTa'mailt, n.
Berg (bSrg), n. [See Barbow hill.] A large mass or
hill, as of ice ; iceberg.
f Am, recant, 6rb, rude, fyll, 0km, food, foot, oat, oil, cAiair, bo, slug;, i^k, tben, UUn.
BERGAMOT
60
BETRAYER
Berniele Goom.
^Wgti-molt (bSi'gApmSt), n. [F. berffttmote.} 1. (a)
A tree of the Orange kind ; aUo, iU fruit, whoae rind
yielda « fraipnuit esaentUl olL (b) A rariety of mint. 2.
Perfume made from the fruit. 3. A variety of pear.
4. Banff perfumed with bergamot.
B«r^-Ole (bSr^nT-kn), n. [LL. bemacula for kiber-
nietUa, fr. Hibemia; the birds coming from Hibemi':
or Ireland.] A berniele gooae. [Written also bitnwde.']
Bemlele gooae, a goose of Arctao Europe and America,
formerhr belieyed to be
batohea from cirripeds of
the aea. which were, there-
fore, called bamaciea, gooae
barnacles, or Anatif ers.
Btr^ (Mr'ry). ». [Aa
btrigeJ] L A omaU fruit
that is pulpy or succulent
throughout, having seeds
imbeaded hi the pulp. 2.
One of the eggs of a fish. ^
V. i. To produce berries.
B«rt]l (bSrth), n, [Fr.
root of btar to produce, like
birth natirity.] 1. (a) Con-
venient sea room. (6) A room for the officers orship*s
company to mess and reside in. (c) Place where a ship
lies at anchor, or at a wharf. 2. An appointment ; em-
ployment. 3. Place for deeping in a ship or railroad
oar. -mv. t. 1. To give anchorsffe to, or a place to lie
at 2. To furnish berths to, on sEipboard.
Bar^ (b«i^l), n. [F., fr. Or. ^iJpvAXo*.] A very
hard minend or gem, commonly of a green color, but
also yellow, pink, and white. — Jtor^yl-UlM (-ITn), a.
Be mmdbf (b<-s8ch0f v. t. [ imp. & v. p. Bbsouoht
(-sf^tO; p. pr. A vb. n. Bbsbichimo.] [OK. bwchen;
pref. oe> 4- McA«n to seekj To ask earnestly for.
Hyn.— To Bbsbbch; eWtrbat; Bolicit; Implors:
BuppucATB ; beg ; crave. — To toiicit is to make a repeated
request of a superior. To entrrot implies greater urgen-
cy, usually enforced by arguments. To o^seech in still
stronger, and belongs rather to the language of poetry.
To implore denotes increasRd fervor of entreaty. To tU2>-
pllcate expressM a state of humiliation.
R^-umm' (-B8m'), V. i, [Pref. be- -\- #f«m.] To be
fit, proper for, or worthy of ; to become ; to bent.
Be-Mf i-eitf), V. t. [AS. betettan ; pref. be- + gettan
to set.] 1. TobBm in ; to surround. 2. To set upon on
all Kidea ; to harass. — Bs sefmeilt, n. — B*-aet^f , a.
Syn* — To surround ; inclose : environ ; hem in : be-
Aeae ; encircle ; encompass ; embarrass ; urge ; press.
B*-(i1irtW (-shniO* V. /. To curse ; to execrate.
B^-wU^ (-sidO, prep. [OE. biHde, Mtiden, biaidei;
' j-jriide.j I. At the side of. 2. Aside from;
3. Over and above ; in addition to.
pref. b&- by 4- iide.j
out of. 3. Over and
B9 rid— ^ (•nds'), ) adv. More than that ; moreover ;
B^^ite' (-sId'), I in addition.
B*-ridM', prep. Over an d above ; separate or distinct
from ; in addition to ; other than ; else than.
B*^rtm' (-aSJOf f . t, [O E. bisegen ; pref. be- -]- wgen
to aiege.J To beaet or surround with armed forces), for
the purpose of compelling to aurreuder.
Syn. — To environ ; hem in ; invest ; encompass.
Be-riAbOMr (-siXb^r), Ba-iUiv'er (-sixvSr), Be-
■lObOMT (-alSybSr), Bo-slllbnMr (-siaVb^r), v. i. To
amear with spittle running from the mouth.
Be-smear (-smSr^). v. t. To smear with any viscous,
glutinous matter ; to soil.
Ba'iom (bS'sQm), n. [A8. beima."] A brush of twigs
for sweeping ; a broom.
Bo-lOt' (be->i9tO, V. /. To make sottish, dull, or stupid ;
to Infatuate.— Be-sotted-ly, adv. — Be-BOt'tod-ness, n.
Bs-SOOfbt' (-sftf), P- f>. of Besbbcm.
Be-span'gle (-spCn'f^'l), v.t. To adom with spangles ;
to sprinkle with something glittering.
B»-«pftrt«r (-spSt'tSr), V. t. 1. To soil by spattering.
2. To asperse with calumny.
Be^q^Mk' (bl-spfikO, r. /. [imp. Bkspokb (-srSlKOt
Bbspauk {A rc/uiic) ; p. p. Bbspokb, Bespoksm (-spiKk'n) ;
p. pr. & vb. n. BasPBAKiNo.] [AB. bemrecan to speak
to ; pref. be- -f spreoan to speak.] 1. To speak or ar-
range for beforehand. 2. To foretell ; to betoken.
Be-lpnad' (-spHWOi «'• '• To spread or cover over.
Bo-sprln'kle (-sprTn'kl). v. t. To sprinkle over.
BML'tf-mM BlMl' (bCa'fci-mSr stao. Bteel made di-
rectly from cast iron, by forcing air through the moltan
metal ; — f r. Bir Henry Beuemer^ the inventor.
Best (bfist), a. ; mperl. of Good. [AS., contr. fr. betesi^
beUi. Bee Brrrmu] 1. Host good, desirable, excellent,
etc. 2. Moat correct or complete. 3. Moat ; largest. ^
n. Utmoat. » adv. ; mperl. of Will. 1. In the higheat
degree. 2. To the moat advantage ; with the moat ano-
ceas, ease, benefit, or propriety. 3. Moat thoroughly.
BeftHel (I fiL'chnl ; 26), a. [F. ; L. be$tialU, fr. beatia
beast.] Belongirg to a beast, or like a beaat ; bnitaL —
Bee-tiall-ty (bS^-cl.SlT-ty or les/cbT-nT-tJ^), n.
Syn.— Bnitith; bea&tly; vile; low; aenaual; filthy.
Be-Stb' (It-stir'), r. /. To put into brisk action.
Be^OW (-ste^), r. /. [Pref. be- -f $tow a place.] 1.
To lay up in store ; to put. 2. To use ; to spply. 3. To
give ; to iinpart. — Be-«tOW'el, iBc-StOW'meilt, n.
Syn. — To give; grant; rreeent: confer; accord.
Be-StnW (-stnt'or -«ti50. r. i. [imp. Butbbwbd
(-( tr))d' or -atrSd') ; p. p. Bbstrbwbo, Bbbtbowm (-atrCnO ;
p. pr. & rb. n. Bestrkwikg.] To btrew or acatter over;
to besprinkle. [Spelt also bettrott.]
Be-Stlide' (-strldO, t*. /. [imp. Bbktbodb (-ttrSd'),
(<Jbs. or i?.) Bbstbid (-*trTd') ; p. p. Bbstbzdoeb (-atiTd'-
d^ii), Bbstrid, Bbstbodb ; p. pr. & rb. n. BBSTBrome.]
[AS. besMdan ; pref. be- + stridau to stride.] 1. To stand
or sit with tlie legs astride ; to stand over. 2. To step
over ; to stride over or across.
Bet (bet), n. [Prob. fr. OE. abet abetting.] That
which is staked upon the event of a contest or issue ; the
giving such a pledpe ; a wager. ^ r. /. To wsger.
Be-take' (bl-takO, v. t. iiinp. Bbtook (-td6k') ; p. p.
Bbtakbn (-11% 'n); p. pr. & ib. n. BBXAKWe.] [Pref.
6f- -f take."] To have recourse to ; to retort.
Be'tel {WV\), n. [Pg., fr. Tsmil re(filei.1 A species
of pepper, whose leaves are chewed.
Batal nnt, the aeed of the areca palm, chewed in the
East with betel leavea (whence ita name) and shell lime.
II Bete' noire' (bif nwlir'). [F., lit., black beast.]
Something efipedally hated or dreaded ; a bugbear.
Bet]|'el(b6th'Sl),n. [Heb. 6^/A-f/ house of God.] 1.
Place of worship ; hallowed spot. 2. A chapel for dis-
senters, in England. 3. A houte of worship for seamr n.
Be-tblnk' (bt-thTnk'), f . /. [imp. & p. o. BrrHottGirr
(-that') ; p. pr. & rb. n. Bbthikkino.] [AS, bepettean ;
be- 4- p^can to think.] To call to mind ; to consider.
Syn. — To recollect; remember ; reflect.
Be-tide' (-tidO, V. t. [imp. & p. p. Bbtidbd (-tid'gd),
Ob*. Bbtid (-tTd') \p.pr.& vb. n. Bbtidiko.] [Pref. W-,
be- -f AS. adan^ to happen, fr. lid time.] To happen
to ; to befall. — r. i. To come to pass ; to occur.
Be-tlme' (-tim'), \ odr. [Pref. be- (for by) -{■ time;
Be-tlmee' (-time'), f that is, by the proper time.]
1. In good season or time ; before it is late ; early. 2.
In a short time ; soon ; forthwith.
Be-tolteil c-to'k'n), v. I. 1. To signify by signs or
tokens. 2. To foreshow ; to indicate something future
by that which is seen or known.
Syn. — To presage ; portend : indicate ; mark ; note.
Be-tOOk' (-td&kO, imp. of Betakb.
Be-tny' (-tri'), v. t. [OE. betraien ; pref. be- 4- OF.
trair to betray, fr. L. trai1ere.'\ 1. To deliver to an en-
emy by treachery or fraud ; to give up faithlessly. 2. To
be false to ; to deceive. 3. To disclose (a secret). 4.
To reveal unintentionally. 5. To minlead ; to lead into
sin. 6. To seduce and abandon. 7. To indicate (some-
thing not obvious). — Be-tny'al, n. — Be-tny'cr, n.
&I S, 1, 8, 0, long i ft, C, I, A, il, f, short ; senAte, « vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cftre, ftrm, Ask, |^1, finaL
BETROTH
61
BICYCLE
frvO.]
' (U4r«UiOt V. i' [Praf* he- + irotk, I «.
1. To oootraot to any one for a marrUge ; to
a. To plight oue*» troth to. — Be-trotlfal,
Be^rotli'auBtt ».
Be^tfr (hStOir), a, ; eompar. of Good. [OE. betere^
and at adr. bet^ AS. 6etem, adj., and bet^ adv. ; akiu to E.
hoot adTantafo.] 1. Having good qniditiet in a greater
degree than another. 2. referable. 3. Improved in
health.— II. 1. Adrantage, auperiority, or victory. 2.
A raperior. >— (ufr. ; eompar. of Wux. 1. In a auperior
manner. 2. More oorreotly or thoroughly. 3. In a
h%her or groater degree ; more. — v. /. A i. To improve.
Byii*— To improve; meliorate; ameliorate; mend;
amend ; correct ; emend ; reform ; advance ; promote.
Btflfr, B«rtor, n. One who beta or Uys a wager.
Btflfr-mMit (-ment), ». Improvement.
Bern (bCt^tf), n. (Ft. BeUy, for Blisabeth.'[ 1. A
bon^'a ihort bar to wrench doora open. 2. A ou
occupiea himself with womaninh matters.
covered with wicker work.
man who
a A fladE
Be-tWMB' (b*-twSn'), prep. [AS. betwe6nan ; prefix
*»• Iqr + AS. /trd two. See^TwAiif.] 1. In the space
r^'iii
which aeparates: betwixt. 2. From one to anotlier of
twa 3. Bel<niging in common to two ; shared by both.
4. In intermediate relation ta
Syn. — BsTwanr; Amoho. — Bettcem etymologically
indfcatfis only two, though it is extended to more than
two. Among always snppoees more than two.
Be-tWlMf (-twTkstO, prep. [AS. hetweox ; ml. be-
by -I- a form fr. AS. hod twa See Bvtwesm.] Between.
B«r'«l (b«v^), n. [F. biteau.-\ 1. A sUnt of a
Borface at an angle other than a riftht angle.
2. An instrument for adjusting surfaoea to a
given Inclination.— a. Slanting.— v. f. limp.
A p. p. BmrmiMD (-<ld) or Bktbllko ; p. pr. &
wb. n. Bbybuho or Bbtclliho.] To cut to » ^^^^
bevel angle. — v. <. To slant. S^osrc.
B«r'er-«CO (-Sr-tJ), n [OF. bevraae. It.
beivre to driuk, fr. L. bibere."] Liquid for drinkinff ; drink.
Btfwy (.h8yf)j n. [Perbape orig., a drinkmg com-
pany, fr. OF. bev4e a beverage; then, a company in
generaL] 1. A company ; an assembly, esp. of ladies. 2.
A flock of birds, or herd of roes.
B*-wafP (b^wIK), r. t. To express deep sorrow for,
as by waiUng. — r. t. To express grief ; to lament.
Sjn. — See Dbplorb.
iM-wart' (-wtr'), r. i. [S«, imper. of Terb to be -\-
ware.'] To be on one's guard ; to take care.
Be-Wll'dcr (-wTl'd2r), v. t. [Pref. be- -f- ufUder.}
To lead into perplexity or confusion. — Be-Wll'der«d
(•dtrd), a. — Be-Wll'dcr-llMllt, n.
Syn.— To perplex; puxzle: entangle; confuse ; con-
found ; mystily ; embarrass; lead astray.
B*-Wttldl' (-wTch'; 52), v. t. 1. To affect (esp. to
injure) by witchcraft or sorcery. 2. To please to such
a degree as to take away power of reatstanoe.— B*-
Srn^j-- To encnaht ; captivate ; charm ; entrance.
B»-Wtt(dl1llC, a. Enchanting ; captivating ; charm-
lof. — Be-wlmliic-ly, adv.
B*-wny' (-riO, v. t. [OE. biwreyen ; pref. be- -f-
AS. wriaan to betray.] To expose ; to reveal ; to betray.
BiT(M),ii. [See BSo a bey.] A Turkish prorincial
governor ; a prince or nobleman ; a beg.
BcyHe (-Itk), n. The territory ruled by a bey.
Be-TOnd' (blt-y5nd0» p»TP. [AS. begeondnn^ prep,
and adv. ; pref. be- -\- geond yond, yonder.] 1. On the
farther side of. 2. At a place or time not yet reached ;
before. 3. Pftst ; out of the reach of ; further than ;
greater than. 4. Above, as In dignity, excellence, or
quality <rf any kind. ^ adv. Further away ; yonder.
Bn^tfl {hUMfSl), n. [F. Mseau sloping edge.] The rim
fastening a jewel, watch crystal, etc., in its setting.
M-lliM' (bt-iSkO, n. [F.] A game at cards.
I (bKng), n. IPbt. bang ; cf . Skr. bhaAgS hemp.]
A drag fluide from the leavea and oapaulea of wUd hemp
and chewed or smoked in the Bast aa an Intoxloaat.
BtAB'gll-lar (bt-Sfi'gtt.lSr), a. [Pref. M- + on^uiar.]
Having two angles or comers.
Bi'M (bi'os), n. [F. biais, perh. fr. LL. bifax two-
faced ; L. 6i« -f faeit* face.] 1. A weight on one side
of the ball used in bowls, or a tendency Imparted to the
ball, to turn it from a straight line. 2. A leaning of the
mind; bent; inclination. 3. A wedge-shaped i^ece of
cloth taken out of a garment to shape it. 4. A slant ; di<
agonaL— a. Cut slanting. ^a<f v. Croaswiae ; obUqoely.
—V. /. To incline to one side ; to prejudice.
8yn. — SeeBBNT.
Btb(bTb),n. [L. 6i6ere to drink, the M5 catcUng drink
dropped from the mouth.] 1. A cloth over a child*a
breast, to protect the clothes. 2. An arctic fish, allied to
the cod. — V. t. To drink ; to tipple.
Bi4M'0lOM (bt-bi'sh&s), a. IL. bibax, blbacu, fr. bi-
terf 0 Addicted to drinUng. — Bl-bM/l-ty (-bieOr-tJ^), n.
BIblitr (bTVbSr), n. A tippler.
BniU (bi'bl), n. [F.; Or. ^t^^(br. dim. of fUfikn
book, prop., EgyptUn papyrus.] Thb Book ; volume coo-
tabling the scriptures accepted by GhriaUans as of divine
origin and authority. — Bull-OU (bibni-kal), a.
mbOI-otot (Mbni-sTst), n. One learned in the Bible.
BlbOi-^rM-phy (-Vri^fy). n. [Or. /5*/8Au>ypaAik.j
A history of books and manuscripts, with notices of dif-
ferent editions, times when they were printed, etc. —
BUi'U-Of'ni-^Mr, n.-Bll»ai-»-gnpklo (-^-grSfOk),
Btb^-O-CXMUl'lCHd, a.
SfbOl-CHnalll-a (-A-mi'nY-i), n. [Or. /3«^Au»r -\-
uayui madnees.] A mania for acquiring books. — BtlK-
ll-0-IIUl'lli-M, n. & a.
BfbOl^pdto (-«-p01). BSMi^O-Uat, n. [Or. /8*.
fiHiowtaXiK ; fiififiuw -I- vmAci^ to sell.] A bookseller. —
BOiato-pQl'lO (-«-p9iak), BO^'n-nMai (-Sp^lSr), a.
Blbai-0-tlMO(-thek),n. AUbrarian.
llBflyil-O-tka'M (-thS^), n. [Or. St/BAto^ire; fii.
jSAtW 4- 0i)ici} case.] A Ubrary. — Btb'U-O-tlM'oal, a.
BQtnJM (-ITst), n. 1. One who makes the Bible the
sole rule of faith. 2. A MbUcal scholar.
BIb'llrlOIUI (-tt-lOs), a. [L. bibuluij fr. bibere to
drink.] 1. Readily imbibing fluids or moisture ; spongy.
2. Inclined to tippling.
BI-€tp'SII-lar(bt.kIp'Bfl-12r;40),a. [Pref. M- -f cop.
sular.l Having two capsules.
BI^MrONMl-ato (bt-kk^bSo-tt), n. [Pref. bi- + car-
bonate.] A carbonate In which but half the hydrogen
of the acid is replaced by a positive element or radical ;
an acid carbonate ; —sometimes called tvpercarbonate.
(Ms), n. [F. bU, akin to It. bigio light
gray, tawny.] A pale blue pigment.
BicM/tAomm (bt.««f'4-l&s), a. [Pref. bi- + eepha-
lom.'\ Having two heads.
II Bi'09jfm (bl'sXps), n. [L., two-headed ; bii twice -f
caput head.] A muscle having two heads or origins ; —
applied to a flexor in the arm and one in the thigh.
m-dpl-Ul (bt-sTp^-tali, Bi-dpl-toilfl (-t&s), a. [See
BICBPS.J Having two heads; dividing into two parts.
Bld[^(Br (Mk'Sr), V. i. [Perh. fr. CelUc] 1. To
wrangle. 2. To quiver ; to be tremulous, like flame. ^
n. A noise ; angry contention.
Bi'OOl'or (bintfir'ar), I a. [L. bicolor ; bU twice -f eo-
Bi'OOl'orod(-lfrd), ) lor colorA Of two colors.
Bfoorn (bincdm). ) a. [L. bicomU; bi* -f
Bl'OOriMd (-kOmd), > comit horn.] Having two
Bl-OOr'IlOIIS (bt-kdr'ntts), ) horns; crescentlike.
Bl-OOr'pO-nl (-kdr^-ral), a. [Pref. H- -f- corporal."]
Having two bodies.
Bl-OlU'pid (bt-klis'pTd), \ a. [Pref. bi- + cuepidaU.}
Bt-CUB'pld-at* (-tt), i Having two prommenoes;
ending in two points ; —said of teeth, leaves, fruit, eto.
Bi'OT-Ole (bi'sT-k*l), «. [Pref. bi- + cfde.} A two-
wheeled velocipede, propelled by treadles.
f<m, recent, 6rb, rude, f yll, ftm, ftfod, ftfbt, out, oil, eliair, go, slug, ink, then, Ulln.
BID
62
BILLET
Bid (bTd), V. t, [imp. Bade (bXd), Bid, {Obi.) Bad ;
D. f>. Bn>DBV (Md'd^u), Bid ; p. pr. A vb. n. Biddimo/]
rAs. bidctan; akin to G. bitten to pray, reque«t, and K.
headt/aith^ and bide."] 1. To offer ; to offer to pay or to
take (a certain price). 2. To declare (a greeting, defi-
ance, etc.). 3. To order ; to command. 4. To invite ;
to call in.— r. i. To make a bid; to state what one
will pay or take.^11. An offer of a price; that which
it offered. — BId'dsr, n.
8711. — To offer; proffer; tender; propose; order;
oonunand ; direct ; charge ; enjoin.
BId'dlllC, n. 1. Command; a notifying. 2. The
making biJa ; an offer of a price.
Bld'dy (bTdMj^), n. A name for a hen.
^d'dy,n. [Brid
Bld'dy,n. iSridfh
» (bid), r. i. [AS
] An IriBh serving girL [Colloq.^
^ biddan.'\ To abide ; to stay. —
V. /. t. To'enoounter ; to endure. 2. To wait for.
BMABtal (bt-dfin'tal), Bi-d«ll'Ut« (-tftt), a. Having
two teeth or toothlike processes.
Bi-«n'lll4d (bt-en'ni-ol), a. [L. biennalig and bienniSt
fr. biennium space of two years ; bi* -\- annus year.] 1.
Happening once in two years. 2. Continuing for two
years, and then perishing, as planU.—n. 1. Something
which takes place once in two years. 2. A plant which
lasts for two years. — Bi-eil'lll-al-ly, adv.
Btor (b^r), n. [AS. 62r, fr. root of K. bear to pro-
duce.] A frame on which a corpse is borne to the grave.
BtoBtlngSt BOMtlllCS (bSstTngs), n. pi. [AS. bg»t-
ina.'] The first milk given by a cow after calving.
BI-ll'Olll (bt-fi'shol), a. [Pref. W- -f /a««/.] Hav-
ing the dpposite surfaces alike.
Bl-fa'll-Oai (-rt-tts), a. [L. bifnnus; bis -f /an to
speak.] 1. Twofold ; arranged in two rows. 2. Pohit-
Ing two ways, as leaves that grow only on opposite sides
of a branch ; in two vertical rows.
BU'er-oni (bTfSr-as), a. [L. bifer; bis-{-/erre to
bear.] Bearing fruit twice a year.
Bl'lld (bl'fTd), Bifl-dAte (bTfT-dtt), a. [L. biftdus;
bis 4- root of findere to split.] Opening with a cleft.
Bi-flCmteCbt-flyrtt), )a. [L. bis -\- fias, fioris,
Bl-flO'roiUi (-flS'rfis), ) flower.] Bearing two flowers.
W-loTl-ate (-fSnt-tt), a. [Pref. W.-|-/o/ia/tf.] Hav-
ing two leaves.
Bl-floai-0-Ute (-6-ltt), a. [Pref. 6i- + L. folium leaf.]
Having two leaflets, as some compound leaves.
Biffomi (bi'fOrra), Bifoniied (-fdrmd), o. [L. bi-
formisf bis -f- forma shape.] Having two forms or
bodies. —Bi-forml-ty (-fdrm't-ty), n.
Bl-tar'oate (bt-lfirTtit), \ a. [Pref. bi- -}- furcate.}
Bt-flir'oa-tedf ) Two-pronged; forked.—
V. t. To divide into two branches. — Bi'tar-OfttlOIl, n.
W« (bTg), o. [BiooBB ; Bioowt.J [Perh. fr. Celtic]
1. Having much bulk or magnitude; large. 2. Great
with young ; pregnant ; swelling.
8yn. — Bulky ; Urge ; great ; massive : gross.
n^'a-my (-a-my ), n. [L. bigamus twice married ; bis
4- Gr. yifUK marriage.]
Crime of having two wives
or husbands at once. — Big'-
ft-mlsttii. — Blg'a-moiu, a.
Blg'gtr (-g8r), a., eompar.
of Bio.
BIc'ffWt (-gBst), a., su-
perl. ofBia.
Bi«'glll(-gTn),n. [F. 6^-
gnin7\ A child's cap ; hood.
Btc'gln, n. [Inventor's
name. ] A coffee pot in which
boiling water is poured
through the ground coffee.
Blgnioni'(-h8m0tn> The
Rocky Mountain sheep.
Bigllt(bit), n. [OE. M?/a
bending ; fr. AS. byht.} 1. A
Bighorn of Rocky Mu.
comer, bend, or angle ; a Iiollow. 2. A bend in a coast
forming an open bay. 3. The double part of a folded
rope ; a loop.
BIg'nOM (bTg'nSs), ft. The being big ; aiae ; bulk.
Blg'Ot (-i!it), n, [F., hypocrite, a name given to Kor-
mans in France.] One who regards his own faith as
unouestionably right, and any other as unreasonable or
wicked ; one bUn<uy devoted to his own church, party,
belief, or opinion. — BIg'Ot-ad, a. — BIg'et-ry, n.
8711. — Prejudiced ; intolerant ; narrow-minded.
Birwlr (-^V)* «»• iBig -\- U!ig.^ A person of oon-
sequence. \Joeose\
II Bl-Km' (b«.ihC5'), n. ; pi. Bwoux (bl-ih»t'). [F.]
A trinket ; a Jewel.
Bi-JOQ^ (b^zhCVtrJ^), a. [F. bijouterie. See Bi-
jou.l Small articles of virtu, as Jewelry, trinkets, etc.
Bii'QTffatt (bTJ'tt-git), Btni-KOIUI (-gt&s), a. [L. bis
twice -^jvgare^ -gatum^ to Join.} Having two pairs, as
of leaflets.
Bi-laOii-ate (bt-lan>T-U), a. [Pref. bi- + tefrttf/e.]
Having two lips, as the corok of certain flowers.
Bl-lam'el-lat» (-Ubn'Sl-ltt), 1 a. [Pref. bi- -f lamel-
Bl-lam'el-Uttd (-IS'tSd), ) late.} Formed of two
plates ; having two ridges, as in lips of flowers.
Bi-lliml-lUUr (-T-n&r), ) a. [Pref. bi- -\- laminar^ lam-
Bi-Uunl-liata (-ntt), | inate.'] Having two huniiue.
Bi-lAt'er-al (-lit^r-Al), a. [Pref. M- -f lateral.]
Having, or arranged upon, two sides.
BUnbtr-ry (bnn)Sr-rj^), n. [Dan. bollebmr.1 The
whortleberry ; also, its eaible bluish black fruit.
Btt-bO (blin)^), n. [Fr. Bilbao^ in Spain, where they
were made.] 1. A rapier ; sword. 2. pi. A bar of iron
with sliding shackles, to conflne tlie feet of prisoners.
Btte (bil), n. [L. bilis."} 1. A yellow, or greenish,
viscid fluid, secreted by the liver, and aiding digestion.
2. Bitterness of feeling ; choler ; anger.
BUge (bnj),' n. [A form of bulae, akin to belly.'] 1.
The protuberant part of a cask. 2. Broadest part of a
ship's bottom. 3. Bilge water. — v. t. & i. 1. To frac-
ture (the bilge) ; to leak through a broken bilge. 2. To
bulge.
Bilgs water, foul water collected in the bilge of a veaseL
im'gy (bTl'jJ^), a. Having the smell of bilge water.
BUla-ry (blK^i-rj^ ; 26), a. [L. bilu bUe.] Relat-
ing to, or conveying, bile.
Bi-Un'gval (bi-lTn'gwol), a. [L. bilinguis; bU -^
lingua tongue, language.] Containing, consisting of, or
expressed in, two languages.
&II0IUI (bTl'yfis), a. 1. PerUinin^ to the bUe. 2.
Disordered in respect to the I ile ; havmg excess of bile.
3. Choleric ; passionate ; ill tempered.
Bl-lif «r4a (bt-lTt^r-<iI). a. [L. bis + lUtera letter.]
Consisting of two letters.— n. A word, syllable, or
root, consisting of two letters.
Bilk (blik), r. t. To disappoint ; to defraud ; to leave
in the lurch. —f). 1. A cheat; trick; hoax. 2. One
who tricks a creditor ; an tmtrustworthy person.
BUI (bTl), n. [AS. bile beak of a bird, proboscis.]
Beak of a bird, turtle, etc. — v. i. To Join bills, as doves ;
to caress.
BUI, n. The bell, or boom, of the bittern.
BUI, n. [AS.] 1. A cutting instrument. 2. An ob-
solete infantry weapon, having a hook-shaped blade, at-
tached to a long staff. 3. Extremity of the arm of an
anchor. — V. /. To dig, hoe, hack, or chop, with a bilL
BUI, n. [LL. MUa (OF. bille), for L. btdla anything
rounded, LL., seal, stamp, letter, edict.] 1. A written
legal declaration. 2. A draft of a law. 3. A paper to
advertise something ; placard ; handbilL 4. An account
of goods sold, services rendered, etc., with the charge.
6. A statement of particulars.— v./. 1. To advertise
by public notice. 2. To charge in a bilL
BUaet (bT11«t), n. [F., dim. of OF. diOe bOl, a writ-
ing.] 1. A note ; short letter. 2. A ticket directing sol-
ft, 8, 1, 8, 0, long ; A, 6, 1, 5, 0, ^, short i SMiUte, gvMit, tdea, 6bay, finite, cArs, ttm, Ask, nil, fliML
BILLET
63
BIRDS NEST
diem where to lodge, ^r. /. To direct (soldiers, etc.), by
a ticket or note, where to lodge; to quarter (aoldiem)
In priTBte houses.
BflOet (bTnSt), n. [F. hiUeUe, bUU, log.] A small
•tick of wood, or bar of metal.
|i BUIet-dOOX' {hWnt^oi/), n.; pi. Buxbtb-doitz
(-d55a0* [P* &^^ note -(- dont sweet.] A love letter.
Bmiiudl (-y&da), n, [F. billard billiards, OF. 6t/-
tart gUB^ fr. wHe log.l A game played with ivory balls
on a rectangular table Dounded by elastic cushions.
BUMnc (-Tng), a.&n. Caressing ; kisshig.
BaaiMfB-galf (bnaTngz-gSt/), ». l. a fish market
in London, celebrated for foul language. 2. Coarse or
profane language ; vituperation ; ribaldry.
BUOlmT-yfin). n, [F. biliion, fr. L. bi$ twioe, in imi-
tation of mUlion a miUiou.1 By French and American
numeration, a thousand millions, or 1,000,000,000; by the
E^lish, a million miUions, or 1.000,000,000,000.
Wl'BUUI (-man), n. One who uses, or in armed with,
ft bill or hooked ax.
BUaow (bTint), n. [Cf. Iccl. byls^a biUow ; akhi to
K. bn/fftf.^ A great wave or surge ot tiie sea. ^ r. t. To
•ante ; to nndnUte. —BSklOW-j (-1*-^)* a,
Billy (bTllj^). !». A polieeman*s club.
Bi-to'bfttS (bt-l^btt or bi'16-b«t), Biaobtd (binSbd),
a. [Pref. bi + lobnt^, lobetiA Divided intc two lobes.
Bt-l00^-lar(bM5k'tt-l8r),a. [BU + locular.} Divided
into two cells or compartnieutA.
D Blm'a-BA (bTm'A-ni or bi'mi-ni),
n. pi. [NL. ; L. bi* twice -j- manus
haaid.] Animals having two hands. —
BI'llM-taiaio (bfrnl-tUMTk), n.
rPref. M- + metallic.^ Relating to, or
using, a dooUe metallic standard (as
gold and diver) for currency.
BMnOBtliay (bt-mBnth1>), a. [Pref. _
puMication. ^ adv. Once hi two months.
Bill (bTn), II. [AS. binn manger.] A box or place,
to hold any oommodity. ^r. /. To put into a bin.
Bill (bTn). An obsolete form of Bb and Bbh.
BI'kUI-rT (bl'n*-rj^), a. [L. binariiu, fr. bini two by
two, fr. root of bit twice.] 'Compounded of two thing^
or parte ; characterised "by two (things). — m. "" '
That
which has two figures, things, or parts ; 'two ; duality.
BfHate (bf ntt), a. Double ; growing in pairs.
Bind (bind), p. t. limp. Bound (bound); p. p.
BooHO, formerly BoimoBN (bound^'n) ; p. pr. & rb. n.
Bnmmo.] [AS. bindan^ perfect tense bandy bundotiy p.
p. frufMfcn.] 1. To tie witli a cord, band, etc. ; to re-
strain or hold. 2. To cover, bandage, or dress. 3. To
protect, by a band or binding, the edge of a carpet or
nrment. 4. To fasten together, and inclose in a cover
(ia book, etc.) 6. To hold, bv law, duty, promise, or other
moral tie. 6. To place under legal obligation to serve ;
to indenture. — v. t. 1. To tie ; to confine. 2. To con-
tract ; to grow hard or stiff ; to stick together. »n. 1.
That which binds or ties. 2. A climbing plant.
Syn. — To fetter : tie ; fasten ; restrain ; oblige.
Blad'or-y (•%--«), n. A phu^ where books, or other
articles, are boimd ; a bookbinder*s establishment.
Blndflnc, a That binds ; obligatory.
Stu. - Obligatory ; rdstrabiing; restrictive; strin-
gent ; astringent ; costive ; styptic^
— n. I. Process of one that bhids. 2. Anything that
binds : bandage ; cover of a book ; something that secures
the edge of cloth from raveling. 3. pi. The chief tim-
bers connecting and strengthening parts of a vesseL
Bte'te-Ol* (bTn'nA-k'l), n. [For bUtaele, corrup. fr.
I^. bitacola binnacle, fr. L. habitaculum dwelling place,
fr. kakUare to dwell.] A case containing a shlp^s com-
pass, and a Ught to show It at night.
(bTi/^-kM). n. [F. ; L. bini two at a Ume -f
oculiu eye ] A double-barreled field glass or opera glaaa.
Bln-OO^-lar (bln-Sk'tt-lSr or bt-n5k'-), a. [See Bin-
ocLB.] 1. Having two eyes. 2. Pertaining to both eyes ;
employing both eyes at once. ^n. A bmooular opera
glass, telescope, or microscope.
BI-IKKDII-AI (bt-nS'uT.al), n.
name.] An algebraic expression of two terms connected
by the plus sign (+)<»' minus (—). ^ a. 1. Com
two tenns ; pert, to binomials. 2. Having two
[L. bis twioe -\- nomen
ten
1. Consisting of
us. a. Having
Bl-Og^a-pbar (-Og'ri-fir), n. A writer of biography.
BI-orM-phy (-if), n. [Or. fiioypwfua ; fiio% Ufe -f-
vpo^u' to write.] 1. The written Idstory ot a person's
life. 2. Biographical writings in genend. — Bl'O-grank'-
lO (bi'^-grifTk), BI'O-gniiA'IOHd, a.
Bl-«l'0-iy(bt-51'«-jf),». iQr, fiiot -\- -loffy.-\ Science
of life, or of living matter as distinct from matter not
living ; the study of the origin, structure, development,
function, and distribution of animals and plants. — Bl^o-
lOfOo (bi/«-19JTk), Bl'O-lOj/lo-al, a. - HrOl't-glst, n.
filp'ft-nras (bTi/i-raB^, a. [L. bi* twice -f- parere to
bring forth.] Bringing forth two at a birth.
Bf ptfUla (bt-piir^Tl), a. Divisible hito two parts.
WaX'tLH (bTp'ir-tit or bt-p«r^it), a, [L. biparti-
hUy p. p. Of bipartirt; bi* -f partire to port, divide.]
1. Being in two parts ; having two correspondent parts;
shared by two. 2. Divided into two parts almoet to the
base, as a leaf ; consisting of two parts or subdivisions. —
Bl'par-titlmi (bf'pKr-tlsh'Qn), n.
^6d(bi'p6d),n. iL.bipe*; bi*-\-pe*ypedi*,tooi.-\ A
two-footed animal. ^ a. Having two feet.
BIp'^-dAl (bTp^-dal or bl'pMal), a. TL. bipedatU,'\
1. Having two feet. 2. Pertaining to a biped.
Bl-pmnuU* (bt-pSn'ntt), ) a. [Pref. bi- + pennate.l
Bl-ptnlia-tOd (-nt-tSd), I Having two wings.
Bl-pefal-OlU (bt-pet'al-Os), a. [Pref. bi^ petal-
otu.'} Having two petals.
Bl-pbl'lUltt (-pTn'ntt), )a. [Pref. bi- -{- pinnate.^
m-pin'lia-ted (-nt-tSd), I Twice pinnate.
BlpOI-oate (bTpnT-ktt or bi'plT-
ktt), o. [Pref. W- + plicuie.]
Twice folded together.
BI-qOAd'nte (bt-kwSd'rtt), n.
[Pref. M- + 9ua</ra<e.] The fourth
power, or square of the square.
Thus 4 X 4 = 16, square of 4, and
10 X 16 = 256, biquadrate of 4.
BI'QllAd-ntl0(bPkwM-rSt1k), n.
Pertaining to the biquadrate.
Bipinnste Lcnf of 8
pinn« ami man/
piDnulea.
fourth power, ^n. (a) A biquad-
rate. (6) A biquadratic equation.
BlTQll (bSrch), n. [AS. birce,
beorr.} 1. A tree of several species.
2. The timber of the birch. 3. A birch twig, used for
flogging. 4. A birch-bark canoe. —a. Pertaining to
the birch ; birchen. — v. t. To whip with a birch rod ;
to flog. — Blroh'eiii a.
Blld (bSrd), n. [AS. bridd young bird.] ]. Orig., a
chicken ; the young of a fowl ; a young eaglet ; a nest-
Ung. 2. A warm-blooded, feathered vertebrate, having
winirs. — v. <. To catch or shoot birds.
Blrd'oall' (-kulO. n. 1. Imitation of a bird^s note, to
decoy its mate. 2. Whistle sounding a birdcall.
BirdOlmf (-GmO, n. [Bird -f lime viscous sub-
stance.] An adhesive viscid substance smeared upon a
tree, so as to hold birds which light upon it ; a snare. —
t'. /. To smear with birdlime ; to insnare.
BlrdV-«7f (bSrdxTO, a. 1. Seen from above, as if
by a flving bird ; embraced at a glance ; hence, general ;
not minute or detailed. 2. Harked with spots resem-
bling bird's eyes. » n. A plant with a small bright flower.
BIrd'f nest' or BlidV-nett' (-nfet^), n 1. The ne^
in which a bird lays eggs and hatches her young. 2.
An orchideous plant with matted roots.
f<m, recent, 6rb, rude, fyll, Urn, fcibd, f<^t, oat, oil, chair, go^ •>">! iu^i then, thin.
BIREME
64
BLAB
(bi'rim), n, [L. hir^mit ; bis twice + remu*
mr.l An ancient galley with two tNuiks or tiers of oars.
Btrth (bSrtb), n. LAB. btarS^ gebyrd^ fr. beran to
bring forth. See Bbas to support.] 1. The coming
Into life, or being bom. 2. LiuMwe ; extraction.
Sjn. — Parentage ; extraction ; uneage ; race ; family.
Btftll'day' (-<ii^)t n. 1. Day on whicli one la born ;
day of origin. 2. Anniversary of one's birth, —a. Per-
taining to the day of birth, or its anniversary.
Blrth'lliaik' (-mKrkO, n.
body at birth.
A uuurk or blemish on the
[is bom. I
^ j'plaot' (-plis'), n. Town or country where one j
Btftli'Mcllt' (-rft^)f »• Any right, privilege, or poe-
session to which one Is entitlMl by birth.
Bis (bTs), adv. [L.] Twice ; — a word showing that
something is, or Is to be, repeated.
Bis'oatt (blsOcYt^ n. [F., fr. L. frf« + coqnerf., eoe-
tum, to cook.] 1. Unraised bread, formed into cakes,
and baked hard. 2. A small cake of bread, raised and
ahortened. d. Earthenware baked but not gUced ; un-
glased porcelain, used for vases, figures, etc.
Bi-flaot' (bt-sSkf), v.t. [L..6W -I- tteare, tectum, to
cut.] To cut or divide into two parts, esp. Into two
equal parte. — BtHMO^tlOB, n.
Bi-Mg^Blillt (-sig'ment), ». [Pref. 6»- 4- tegmeni.^
One of two equal parts of a line, or other magnitude.
Bi-SOTll-ai {rdka^t-al ; 40), a. [Pref. hi- -\- wzual.']
Of both sexes ; hermaphrodite.
Blull'OP (bTsh'Qp), n. [AS. bitc^op, L. epitcopus. Or.
iwioKomot ; iwi over + atcowot inspector, vmowtlif to look
to.] 1. A spiritual overseer or head of a diocese, bishop-
ric, or see. 2. A pieoe in the game of chess, marked by
a biihop*s miter.
BIsll'op-rio (-rTk), n. [AS. bisceojtrlce ; bUctop -f-
rfoe dommlon.] Diocese; office of a bishop.
BIs'lBlltll (oTi^ath), n. [Oer.] One of the chem-
ical elements ; a metal of recidish white color, harder
than IflMd, britUe, and easily fused in the flame of a can-
dle. — BLnmitli-Al, Bto^Qth-lo, BtsHiiitli-oiw, a.
Bi'Mm (bi'sdn), n. [L. ; Or. fiitrw wild ox.] (a) The
aurochs or European bison. (6) The American buflfalo, a
lai^e, gregarious bovine quadruped, now nearly extinct.
American Biaon, male.
BUHMStlto (bTs-sSkstTl), n. [L. biss^rtUU anntin,
fr. bi*»exiu» {bUt ^ ttrtUM sixth, fr. xn* six) 6th of the
calends of March (Feb. 24). reckoned twice every fourth
year, by Intercalating a day. ] Leap year. — n. Pertain-
mg to leap year.
BiStar ) (bTs'tSr), n. [F. histre a color made of soot.]
BIstrS I A brown pigment extracted from wood Root.
BtotOIMT (-td6-ry), n. [F. bistourLI A surgical in-
strument for InciKinnM.
Bi-SQl'Oate (bt-sfiinctt) [pref. bi- 4- mhatf^, Bi-mil'-
OODS (-kOsV a. 1. Having two grooves or furrows. 2.
Cloven ; Mid of a foot or hoof.
Btt (bU), n, [AS. bUe Wte, fr. bUan to bite.] The
mouthpiece of a bridle. » v. t. To put a bridle upon ; to
put the bit in the mouth of.
Bit, imp. & p. p. of Brra.
Bit (Mt), n. [AS. biioy fr. bUan ; akin to O. bissen
bit.] 1. A part of anything ; morsel ; bite. 2. Somewhat ;
something, but not very great ; jot ; whit. 3. A tool for
boring.
Bitch (bTch), n. [AS. biece.1 The fimale of the
caniue kind, as of the dog, wolf, and fox.
Bite (bit), r. /. & i. (imp. Brr (bit) ; p. p. Birm
(-t'li), Bit ; p. pr. & vb. n. Bitino.] [AS. Wan ; akm
to L. finderf to cleave.] 1. To seize, or wound, with the
teeth. 2. To puncture, abrade, or sting. 3. To take hold
of; to hold fast.— n. 1. A seising or separating with
the teeth or mouth. 2. A woimd made by biting. 3. A
morsel; as much as is taken at once by biting. 4. The
hold or purchase of a tool or machine. — Bit'ar, n.
BttinC (bitTng), a. Sharp ; cutting ; sarcastic.
Bitt«r (bTtt^r), a. [AS. biter; akin to E. M/«.] 1.
Having a peculiar, acrid, biting taste. 2. Causing pain ;
sharp ; poignant ; distressing ; pitiable. 3. Harsh ; stem ;
virulent. — Bit^V-ly, adv. — Bitter-MM, n.
Syn. — Acrid ; sharp ; harsh ; pungent ; stinging : cut-
ting ; severe ; acrimonious.
Bitt«r-iall, a. Somewhst bitter.
Bittern (-tSm), n. [F. butor.'^ A wading bird of
both hemispheres, allied to the herons.
Bittern, n. [Fr. BrrrsB.] 1. Brine remaining In
salt works after the salt is concreted. 2. A bitter com-
pound used in adulterating beer.
Bittere (-tSrz), n. pi. A liquor, generally spirituous,
in which a bitter herb, leaf, or root u steeped.
Blt'ter-SWeet' (-swStO, a. Sweet and then bitter;
sweet with a bitter aftertaste ; having pleasure mixed
with pain. ^ n. Anjrthing which is bittersweet.
BittS (bito), n. pi. [Cf. Icel. bUi beam.1 A frame of
two strong timbers In a ship, on which to fasten cables.
Bi-tntlieil (bT-tu'm8n), n. [L.] Asphalt, or mineral
Sitch ; a bUck, tarry substance, burning with a bright
ame, and used in cements, for pavements, etc.
Bi-tn'mi-iuite (-mT-nSt), Bi-tntni-iilie (nis), r. (.
To prepare, treat, impregnate, or cement with bitumen.
— sl-tll'mi-lll-iatiOIl. n. [containing, bitumen.!
Bi-tntnl-noiU (-nns), a. Like, compounded with, ori
Bi'TllTe (bl'v«v), n. [F. ; W- (L. W*) -|- valvt valve.]
1. A mollusk whose
shell consists of two
lateral valves Joined
by an elastic liga>
ment at the hinge.
2. A pericarp in
which the seed case
splits into two
valves. — a, Hnv-
ing two shells
or valves. — Bi'-
▼idTed (-vXlvd),
Bi-fal'Tons, Bi-
▼al'Tu-lar (-vtt-
I8r), a.
BiTi-oni (I'TvT- ,
n» or bI'vT-Qs), a.
[L. bivins: bi* -f-
ria w»y.] Having,
or 1eadin?,two wnys.
BiT'onao (bTv'wHc or bTv'»-Ik), n. [F. ; prob. fr.
O. britcache : bei by, near -f- wachen to watch.] (o) The
watch of a whole army by night, (fc) An encampment
without tenU. — v. i. [imp. & p.p. BnrouACUD (-wikt) ;
p. pr. & vb. n. BrvouACKiKO.] To encamp for the night
without covering.
Biweekly (bi'wSk'iy ), a. & ndr. [Pref. W- -f w«Wy.]
Occurring once every two weeks. — n, A fortnightly
publication.
Bi-iarre' (bt-xHrO» o. [F., odd, fr. 8p. bizarro brave,
liberal.] Otid in manner or appearance ; grotesone.
BUb (blSb), r. /. & <. [CL Q.plapp€rn,QtuB\.blabaran
Inuidc of Right Valve of s Blvolve.
I fl' Anterior and Posterior abductor
mu»cle ImprfMion* ; ;» PalHal line ; «
Finns : r Cardinal tooth ; / I Ijitcnil
terth ; h Limmrnt « L Lunule ; m
Umbo ; V Ventral margin.
ft, «, I, S, a, long ; ft, e, 1, », tt, fy short ; senfite, «vent. Idea, 6bey. finite, cAre, Jirm, ask, j»ll, fna!.
BLACK
prob. imitotlTe.] T6 tell onnnof—rUy,
or Ulk induorwtly ; to tattle. — ». A bebbler ; telltale.
BUok(bUac),a. [A8.U»e;akiiito8ir.6/iid;ink.] 1.
Destitute of light ; of a Tery dark color, tlie opposite of
wkite; very dark or gloomy. 2. Diamal; forbidding;
cruel; mournful; horrible. 3. Threatening; sullen;
forebodii«.— adv. Sullenly; maliciously.— n. 1. That
which is destitute of light or whiteness ; the darkest
color. 2. A black pigment or dye. 3. A negro.— v. /.
1. To make black. 2. To soil ; to sully.
nd witches .
», or graphite.-
65
J art, art of conjurers and wit<^ ; nuu^i
tbeSu English ordothic letteV, m wliich early BngHsH
manusoripu were written, and the first Knglfsh books
printed. — Blask shesp, one in a family who is unlike the
rest, and makes trouole. . ^ , ^ ^ . »_
Syn* —Dark : murky ; pitchy ; inky ; sombre ; dusky ;
gloomy ; swart ; ebon ; atrociouiL ^ . ,^
BUok'ft-moor (-A-inobr), n. IBlaek + Moor.} A negro.
BlAokflMll' (-bnl'}, n. 1. A composition for blaoUug
ahoes, boots, etc 2. A ball of bhu:k color used as a
negative in rotlng.— v. L 1. To rote against, by put-
tii^ a black ball into a ballot box ; to exclude. 2. To
blMsken (leather, shoes, etc) with blacking.
BlMlTMr-ry (-bSr-rj^), n, [AS. blmcberie ; Ume + berie
berry.] Fruit of the bramble ; the pUnt itself.
BuoklArd (-b8rd), n. In Bugland, a species of thrush;
merle In America the name is giren to sevenU birds.
Blaok'bOftid' (-bOrd^), n, A black surface on which
writing, drawing, etc, can be done with chalk or crayons.
BllMlfeB(bltt''n), V. t. 1. To make black; to darken.
2. To defame —v. », To grow black or dark.
8yiu — To defama ; tUI^ ; slander ; calumniate ; tra-
duje; malign; asperse.
BUok'CUrd (bUb'gi&rd), fi. 1. Orig., a menial
cmutted by handling kitchen utenaila. 2. Que who uses
tl^irrillWI^ Wg"«g* ; * ■nftmwirftl ; a rtmgh.^r. I. ToT9-
Tileorabose.— a. Scurrilous; low; worthless; ricious.
— BUok'furd-lm, m.
BUuak.'gmaA-'^y adv. & a. like a Maokguard.
BiMkUg (USktng), n. L A preparation for giTing
a black luster to shoes, stoves, etc. 2. A making black.
Blaekisll, a. Somewhat black.
BUskOer (-U^)« M. 1. A notorious gambler. 2.
A disease among calves and sheep, cluuracterised by a
settling of gdatlnous matter in the legs or neck.
BlM'-l«t'tor (-Uk/tSr), a. 1. Written or printed in
bUck letter. 2. Given to the studv of books in black
letter, that is, of old books ; out of date.
Blaok'aMll' (-toil'), 11. [Blaek -^^ mail a piece of
money.] Bxtortion of money by threats of exposure or
oensure. ^ v. <. To extort money from bv exdtinff fears
ol iiijury. [in wickedness. I
BUoiriHWi n. A being black ; black color ; enormity |
Biaok'gmttll' (-smTthOt n. {Black (color of metal) -h
smUfL} 1. A smith who works on iron utensils, horse-
shoe*, etc 2. A fish of the PiMific coast, of a blackish color.
BUoklllom' (•tbOm'), n. (a) A spreading thorny
shrub ; the sloe, lb) A species of hawthorn.
BlAd'dcr (blid^d^r), n. [AS. MAfre.] 1. A bag or
sac containing fluid ; a vesicle or blister. 2. Anything
infl\ted or unsound. — v. /. To put up in bladders.
BUte(blid),n. FAS. M0</ leaf. 1 1 Leaf , or flat part
of the leaf, of any plant. 2. (^tnng part of an instru-
ment. 3. Broad part of an oar; arm of a screw propeller.
4. Scapula or shoulder blade. 5. A reclcleas fellow.
fault. -
8yn.
ttlT, adv.
— Cei
BLATANT
to (blim'4-b*l),
— BUm'ft-ttto-i
reprehension
_„ _ . UU i VUUUVI
proach; fault; sin; crime; wrongdoing.
~" "-' 1. MeriUng blame ; faulty.
condemnation; re-
2. Fanlt-
flnding; censorious.
BlAIM'toM (-Ifis), a. Free from blame or fault ; in-
nocent. — BlauMOaM-ly, adv. — BlanMOaM-iiMS, n.
Syn. — Blamkliss ; SroTLns ; Faultlbs ; Btawums ;
irreproachable ; sinless ; unblemished. — We speak of a
thing as blameless when it is free from just imputation of
fault ; as faultless^ stainless, or spotless^ when we mean
that it is absolutely uHthout fault or blemish. We also ap-
Vlr/aultless to personal appearance ; as, % faultless figure ;
wnioh can not be done with any of the other words.
L Scapula or shoulder blade. 5. A reck
BUmOMNM^ C-bSn')* n. The scapula.
BUld'6d(blIdn(d),a. 1. Having a bhi^
,, - - I blade or blades. 2.
Divested oi blades';' aa, bladed cmn. 3. Composed of
long and narrow plates, shaped like the blade of a knife.
Mala (blin), %, [AS. blfgen.'\ A pustule or blbter.
1^**— (blim), 9. t. [F. blAmer^ L. btasphemare^ Or.
fiAojff^ilnsuf to aiander, to bUspheme.l To censure ; to
fin<l fault with.— n. 1. An expression of disapproba-
tioti; imputation of fault; censure. 2. Culpability;
(bl4uch), V. t. [F. blanchir, fr. blanc white]
1. To take the color out of, and make white ; to bleach.
2. To whitewash ; to palliate. — e. i. To grow white
Blaao-muim' (bUi-mKMih'), n. [F. blano^manger^
lit., white foocT; hlanc + manger to eat.] A preparation
for desserts, etc., made from isinglass, sea moss Mid corn-
starch, etc., with milk. [ana soothing; miavel
BUlld(blind),a. [L. MomftM.] Mild ; soft ; smooth
BUUI-^'M11I0IIM (blln-dll'ft-'kwens), n. [L. bUm-
diloqueniia; bUmdus -j- loqui to speak.] Mild^ flatter-
ing speech.
^Uan'dtoll (blln'dTsh), V. t. [F. blandir, fr. L.
blandirit fr. blandus.'] To flatter with kind words or
affectionate actions ; to cajole — BlAOfdlgll-IIMOt, fi.
Blank (blink), a. [F. blane, fem. blanehe.} 1. Of
a white or pale oolor. 2. Free from writing, printing,
or marks; having an unpty space to be filled In with
some speoUl writing. 3. Utterly dfscomfited. 4.
Empty ; void ; fruitless. 6. Lacking variety, interest,
hope, animation, intelligence, etc. ; expressionless ;
vacant.— II. 1. A void space; interval w(Ad of oon-
sdousnesa, action, result, etc ; a void. 2. A ticket In
a lottery which draws no prise. 3. A paper unwritten ;
blank ballot ; paper to contain designated items of in-
formation, for which spaces are left vacant. 4. A legal
instrument, deed, release, writ, etc., with spaoee left to
be filled with names, date, descriptions, etc 6. The
point aimed at in a target, marked with a white spot. -~
BUnklT, adv. — Blaak'MM, n.
BUn'ktt (blSo'ket), n. [F. blanchet, prop., white
woolen stuff, dim. of blane white.] A heavy, loosely
woven fabric, usually of wool, used fn bed clothing, as a
robe, as a cover for a horse, etc^v. /. 1. To cover
with a bUnket 2. To toss in a bUuiket
Blart (bltr), V. i. & t. [Prob. im<taUve.1 To sound
loudly and harshly.- n. A loud and harsh noise, like
the blast of a trumpet ; a roar or bellowing.
Blar'kMy (bliir'nj^), n. [Blarney^ a village and castle
near Cork, in Ireland.! Smooth, wheedling talk; flat-
tery. —V. t. To wheedle with smooth talk.
II BU-fl^ (bl4-st0, a. [F.] Having tiie sensibilities
deJMlened by excess of enjoyment ; surfeited ; used up.
Blas-plMIIM' (blis-f8m'), v. I. [Or. fikaa^vnjitlv.
See Blamb.] To speak of with impious irreverence ; to
revile (anything sacred). — v. ^ To utter impious lan-
guage. — Blu-plMiii'er, n. — Blaa'plM-moui (blis'f t-
mHs), a. — Blaa^olM-iiioos-lir, (m/v.
Blaa'plie-mT (-ft-my ), n. 1. Impious speech against
Ood or sacred things. 2. Calumny : abuse ; vilification.
Blast (blist), n. [AS. 6tii«/.] 1 A violent gust of
wind. 2. A forcible stream of air from a bellows, the
mouth, etc 3. Sound made by blowing a wind instru-
ment. 4. A sudden, pernicious effect, as if by a noxious
wind ; a blight. 5. The rending heavy masses of rock,
earth, etc., bv explosion of gunpowder, dynamite, etc. :
charge used for this purpose. 6. A flatulent disease of
sheep. — r. /. 1. To wither ; to blight ; to shrivel. 2.
I To rend open by gunpowder, dynamite, etc. ; to shatter.
Blatant (blS'tant), a. [Cf. Blsat.] Bellowing, as a
I calf ; bawling ; disagreeably clamorous ; sounding harshly.
fSm, reotfofe, 6rb» ryds, f^ ttxn^ f^Tod, tcn>(, out, oil, eliair, ^o* •*»«* i||k, then, thin.
5
fiLAZE
66
BLOAT
I (bUb), n. [AS. blmse, bUue.l 1. A ttream of
bumiug gas or vi^r ; bright flame. 2. Intenae light,
with beat. 3. A white spot oo a hone's forehead. 4.
A spot made on a tree by ohipphig off the bark.
Hjxk. — Blazb ; Flams. — In blaze the idea of light rap-
idly evolved ia prominent, with or without heat. Flame
includM a stronger notion of heat.
— r. i. 1. To ahine or glow with flame. 2. To send forth
brilliant light, ^v. t. 1. To mark (a tree) by chipping
the bark. 2. To deaiffnate ; to mark out.
BltM, V. t. [OE. blasen to blow.] To make public
far and wide ; to render oon^icuoua.
BUICNI (bli'z'n), n, [F. blaton coat of anna. OF.
shield, fr. root of AB. 6to«e blase, splendor.} 1. An
heraliuc shield ; coat of arms ; armorial beanngs. 2.
The depicting heraldic bearings. 3. Ostentatious di»-
flay ; record. —v. /. 1. To depict in colors ; to publish
Ux and wide. 2. To deck ; to adorn. — BU'lon-ry, n.
Btoaoh (blich), V. I. & i. [AS. Mician, bl&can, to
grow pale ; Uac pale. Bee Blbax.1 To make or become
white, or whiter ; to blanch ; to whiten. — Bleooh'er, n.
BlMOh'er-y (-Sr^), n. Place where bleaching is done.
Bleak (blik), a. [AS. Mac, bUU^ pale, wan.] 1.
Desolate and exposed. 2. Cold and cutting.— n. A
small European river fish, the blay, whose scales have a
sUvery pigment. — BlMklBll, a. — Btoak'&flM, n.
BlMT 0>lSr)t V. /. [OE. bleren ; perh. Ir. root of blmk.'\
To make (Uie eyes) sore or watery ; to dim (tlie Bight) ; to
obscure (perception) ; to hoodwink, —a. 1. Dim or sore
with water or rheum. 2. Causing or caused by dimness
of sight ; dim. — BlMT'-eyod' (-idO, BlMr^ (blSr'j^), a.
Bloat (biSt), V. i. [AS. blXian; prob. imitative.] To
make the noise of a sheep ; to cry like a sheep or calf. —
n. A plaintive cry like that of a slieep.
Bled (blSd), imp, & p. p. of Blkbo.
BlMd (blSd), V. i, [AS. blidan, fr. UOd blood.] 1. To
lose blood ; to run wiUi blood. 2. To let blood. 3. To
shad one's blood; to die by violence. 4. To lose sap,
gum, or Juice ; aa, a tree ^hen tapped or wounded. 6.
To pav or lose money. lCollog.]^v. t. 1. To let
blood from. 2. To lose (blood) ; to emit (sap). 3. To
draw money from.
aemlaa (biSmTsh), v. t.
[OF. hlemir^ Uexmiry to
strike, injure, soil, fr. Uemey blesme, pale, wan.] 1. To
mark with deformity ; to mar. 2. to tarnish (reputa-
tion or character) ; to defame. — n. A mark of deform-
ity or injury ; smirch upon reputation.
Syn. — Spot ; speck ; flaw ; deformity ; stain ; defect :
fault ; taint ; reproach ; dishonor ; imputation ; disgrace.
BUinoil (bICnch), v, t [AS. blencan to deceive ; akin
to blink to deceive.] To shrink ; to flinch ; to quail.
Blond (blSnd), v.t.&i, [A3, blandan to blend, mix.]
To mix or mingle together ; to combine so that the things
mixed, or the line of demarcation, can not be distin-
guished. — > n. A thorough mixture, merging, or shading.
8yn. — To combine : fuse : merge ; harmonise.
nondo, n. [G., fr. blenden to blind, dazsle, fr. blind
blind.] (a) A zinc sulphide, often containing iron ; —
called also sphalerite^ mock leady false galena^ and black-
^aek. (6) A general term for mptaliic sulphides of a
rilliant but nonmetalllc luster. — Blond'OlU, a.
Blont (blSnt), imp. & p. p. of Blbnd. Mingled.
BlOOa (bItSs), V. i, [AS. Netsian, fr. blOd bio ad •- prob.
orig., to consecrate by sprinkling with blood.] ll To
make holy; to consecrate. 2. To confer happiness
upon. 3. To invoke a blessing upon.
BlOBS'od (bl8s^d), a. 1. Hallowed ; worthy of ado-
ration ; holy. 2. Enjoying bliss ; happy ; Iiighly
favored. 3 Imparting happiness : blissful ; joyful.
4. Beatified. — Bloso'od-ly, wlr. — BlosB'ed-nesB, n.
8yn. — Delight; beatitude; ecstasy. See Happimrss.
Bloaalngt n, 1. The act of one who blesses. 2. A
declaration of divine favor, or an imploring divine favor ;
benediction. 3. A means of happiness ; beneficent gift.
Bloat (blSst), a. Blessed.
Blot (bUlt), M. [F., a., soft from over ripenoM,] A
form of decay in over-ripe fruit.
Blow (blu), imp, of Blow.
BUok'oy (blTk'^), n. ID. blik tin,} A tin dinner palL
BUfllt (blit), V. /. [Perh. contr. fr. AS. btteeitan to
glitterj To affect with blight ; to blast ; to ruin. —
v.i. To be affected bv blight. — n. 1. MOdew ; decay ;
anything which impairs or destroya. 2. A speoiea of
aphis, or plant louse, destructive
to fruit trees.
Bltnd (blind), a. [AS.] L
Destitute of sight. 2. Unable
or unwilling to understand or
judge ; undiscriminating ; incon-
siderate. 3. Mot easily discern-
ible ; hidden ; unseen ; Intricate ;
not easily traced. 4. Having
no openings for light or pas-
sage ; open only at one end. b.
Unintelligible; lUegible.— r. /. ,
J.. To aepnve or uRht or discern- ' ma^ -
ment ; to dazzle. 2. To conceal ; Apple BUght : a Mstu
to deceive. -n. 1. Something feV--r*.»:i..I?™i
Msturs
Winglewi, asexual form i
d The Mune with downy
s«cr«tioD reinovsd ; <
Vivet of twig with the
inwct in place, nat. size i
acd are enlarged.
to hinder sight or keep out light ;
a screen ; shutter for a window ;
blinder for a horse. 2. Some-
thing to mislead or to conceal ;
a subterfuge.
BUnd'or (-ir), n. 1. One that blinds. 2. Screen on
a hnrce's bridle, to hide objects at the side ; a blinker.
BUnd^ld' (-fSldO, r. /. [AB- biind + prob. JelUm
to strike down.] To cover the eyes of ; to hinder from
seeing.^ a. Having the eyes covered; reckless.
Blmd'ly, adv. without sight, discernment, or under-
standing ; without thought or purpose of one's own.
BUndlnail'a trafT (bUnd'mlnz b&f'). A pUy in
which a blindfolded person tries to catch one of the
company and tell who it is. [ally or figuratively. I
BUnd'kloaa, n. State or condition of being blind, liter- 1
BUBd'Wonil' (-wflnu^), n. A snuxll, burrowing, snake-
like, limbless lizard, with minute eyee, popularly be-
lieved to be blind ; the slowworm.
BUnk (blink), r. i. [O. & D. blinken, AB. bOean to
shine ; £. bleak.] 1. To wink ; to see with the eyes half
shut, or indistinctly and with frequent winking. 2. To
twinkle; to glimmer. ^r. /. To shut out of sight; to
evade ; to shirk. — n. 1. A glimpse or glance. 2. Gleam ;
sparkle. 3. Dazzling whiteness of the horizon caused by
light reflected from fields of ice at sea; ice blink.
BUnk'ard (-3rd), n. 1. One who blinks, as with weak
eyes. 2. That which twinkles or glances, as a dim star.
BUnk'or (-Sr), n. 1. One that blinks. 2. A blinder
for horses; whatever obstructs sight or discernment. 3.
pi. A kind of goggles, to protect the eyes from glare, etc
Bliaa (blTs), n. [AS. bli*, bttffi^ fr. bHSe blithe.]
Orig., blithesomeness ; gladness : now, the highest degree
of happiness; exalted felicity; heavenly Joy. — Blfiia'-
tm, a. — BUaaful-ly, adv. — Bllaalu-noaB, n.
Bliator (-tSr), n. [OD. bluyster, fr. root of blasts
bladder, 6/otr.] 1. A vesicle of the skin, c<mtaining wa-
tery matter or sei-um. 2. A superficial elevation, as on
plants or the surface of steel. 3. A plaster of Spaniab
flies, or other matter, applied to raise a blister. — v. <.
To rise in blisters. — v. t. To raise a blister upon.
Blitho (blitfa), a. [AS. bllSe.} Oay; merry ; sprightly ;
joyous ; glad. — Blitholir, adr. — BUtllO'aoniO, a.
Blla'aaid (bllz'zSrd), n. [Formerly, in local use, a
rattling volley ; cf. "to blaze awav" to fire away.] A
gale of piercingly cold wind, usually accompanied with
fine and blinding snow ; a furious blaft. {U. S."]
Bloat (bl5t), V. t. & i. [Cf. Icel. blotna to become
soft, blatitr soft, wet] To puff out; to swell.— n. A
term of contempt for a worthless, dissipated fellow.
a, o, 1, 3, fit long ; ii, £, 1, 5, A, ft aliort ; senftte, ^vent, tdea, dbey, finite, cftre, ttrm, ask, {|U, finaL
BLOAT
67
BLOTVPIPE
I (bWt), V. L
Bl0ilf«r(-8r),M.
To dry (berringB) in nsoke.
The common harriog, e«p. when of
lane aiie, smoked, and half dried.
moA OMk\ n. [OE. blok; cf. F. Moe a block;
Uoquer to block.] L A man of wood, stone, etc.,
onmlly with one or more plane faces. 2. A wooden mold
for ihaping hats, bonnets, etc. 3. Row of houses. 4. A
grooved poUey or sheave in a frame having a hook, eye,
or strap, to attach it to an object, to raise or move it.
6> A stop; obstacle. 6. A piece of box or other wood
for engravers* work, ^v.t, 1. To prevent passage from,
through, or into, b/ obstructing the way. 2. To secure
or aupport by Uooks. 3. To shape on, or stamp with, a
block.
Bl0dk-ad«^ (bl9k-id0, n. [It. blooctUa,'] 1. The
shotting up of a place by troops or ships. 2. An obstruc-
tion to passage.— V. t. 1. To shut up (a town or for-
tress). 2. To obetmct passage. — Blook-Ad'er, ».
BIOdkllMd' (-hSdO, n. A stupid feUow ; dolt.
BlOQk'hOIlM' (•bous'), IK 1. A wooden fort. 2. A
boose of squared logs. [ West. & South, U. 5.]
Bloortok, a. Like a block ; stupid ; duU. — mocT-
lall-lT, adv. — BlOOk'llll-MM, n.
BlODl'a-IT (bl05m'i-rf), n. Bloomery.
Bl0Bd,BIOIlde(bl0nd),a. [F., fair, light] Of a fair
oolor ; light-colored. — n. 1. A person of fair com-
plexion, with light hafar and blue eyes. 2. Silk Ukce oria-
uially of the color of raw silk, now sometimes dyed;
— cadled also btond laee.
BIOOA (blBd), n. [AS. bl9d.^ 1. The red fluid circu-
lating in animal bodies. 2. Belationsliip by natural de-
aceot; consanguinity; kinship. 3. Lineage; honorable
birth. 4. The shedding of blood ; murder ; manslaugh-
ter. 6. Temper of mind ; disposition. 6. A man of fire
or spirit ; a gay, showy man ; a rake.
Mssi hsa*, beat equal to the temperature of human
blood, or about 98}^ Fahr. — Blood hens, a horse of the
porest stock. — Blood vssssi, a vessel, artery, or vein, fai
which Uood circulates In an animal.
BtoOdftd, o. Havmg pure blood ; of approved breed.
BtoO^jprilry (^gtlVf)^ a. OuUty of murder or blood-
BlOOdflMOBV (-hound'), n. A breed of powerful dogs,
remarkable for aouteness of smell, and empli^ed to re-
cover prev and for tracking criminals.
Afl-ly (-T-iJ^), adv. In a bloody manner ; cruellv.
H-UMB, n. 1. The state of being bloody. 2.
Dhnoaition to abed blood ; bloodthirsUness.
BoodlMB, a. 1. Destitute of blood, or apparently
■o; lifeless; dead. 2. Not attended with shedding of
Uood, or slaughter. 3. Without spirit or activity.
BlOOdllWf (-r55t0, n. A plant with red root and sap.
BIOOA'Bhad^ (-sb«dO, n. The shedding of blood;
■laughter ; the taking life, as in war, riot, or murdeir.
BuOd'tflOt' (-shOt^), a. Red and inflamed ; suffused
with blood, or having the vessels ttirgid with blood.
BtoOd'Bllok'cr (-sak^Oi «»• 1- Anyanimal that sucks
blood ; esp., the leech. 2. An extortioner.
BlOOd^Udnt^y (-thSrst^y), a. Eager to shed blood ;
cruel; sanguinary; murderous.
Bl00a^(blfid7),a. 1. Containing or like blood. 2.
Btafaied with blood. 3. Oiven, or tending, to the shinl-
ding of Uood ; savage ; murderous. 4. Attended with
bloodshed ; sanguinary, ^r. t. To stain with blood.
BlOOO^-mlBd'ed (-mInd'M), a. Bloodthirsty.
BlOOOl (blS5m). n. [Icel. 6/0m, blOmi; fr. root of AS.
btthean to blow, blossom.] 1. A blossom ; flower of a
plant ; flowers, collectively. 2. A blossoming or having
the flowers open. 3. A state or time of beauty, fresh-
ness, and vigor. 4. The powderv coating upon certain
fruits or leaves, as on grapes, plums, etc. ; a flush ; a
■ - • ■ • ^ - • , flower. 2. To
> flourish,
r bllhna lump of
p^w.^v. {. 1. To yield Uoeaoms; to flow
M In a state of growing youth and vigor ; to i
BIMIB, fi. [AS. U(ima mass, U^nes bISm
iron.] A mass of crude iron or steel, forged or rolled,
preparatory to further working.
Blooni'M'-ir, Bloom^a-ry (US&m'Sr-]^), n. A furaaoe
and forge in which Uooms of wrought iron are made di-
rectly f roni the ore, or from cast iron. [cast iron. I
BlOOOKillg, n. The makiug blooms from ore or from|
BlooilllllC a. 1. Opeuing in blossoms ; flowering.
2. Thriving ; indicating youth or health.
Bloomy {'jf), a. Full of bloom ; flowery.
Blos'iom (biSs's&m), n. [AS. bldsnm,} Flower of a
plant; florescence; bloom. ^ v. i. 1. To put forth Uoa-
soms ; to blow ; to flower. 2. To flourish and prosper.
Blot (bl5t), r. /. [Dan. plette to blot; p^ a spot,
stain.] 1. To spot, etviu, or bespatter ; to mar ; to soil.
2. To disgrace. 3. To cancel; to efface. 4. To dry
(writing) with blotting paper. ^ v. i. To take a blot. «— ».
1. A spot, as of ink on paper ; blur. 2. An obliterati<ni
or erasure. 3. A spot on reputation ; Uemish.
Syn. — To oblitente ; expunge ; erase ; efface ; cancel ;
tarnish ; disgrace ; blur ; suUy ; smear ; smutch.
Blot, n. [Dan. btot bare, naked.] 1. In the game of
backgammon, a siufrle man left on a point, exposed to be
taken up. 2. A wealc point.
BloUdl (bl5cb ; 52), n. [Cf. OE. blaeehe in blaech&'
pot blacking pot, akin to black.! 1. A Uot or qwt. 2.
A large pustule, or coarse eruption.
BtotOtr (blOf t^r), n. 1. One that Uoto ; device for
absorbing superfluous ink. 2. A wastebook, in wUch
to enter commercial transactions as they take place.
BloiUM (Uoui ; F. blSte), n. [F.] A loose over-gar^
ment, like a smock frock ; a loose coat of any material,
as the undress uniform coat of the United States army.
B1«W (bI5), V. i. limp. Blkw (blu) ; p. p. Blown
(blOn) i v.pr. & vb. n. Biiowmo.] [AS. bldwan to Uos-
som ; aJun toO. btiihen^ lj.Jlorere to flourish.] To flower ;
to Uoesom to bloom. — r. /. To put forth (flowers), ^n.
A blossom ; state of blossoming , mass of blossoms.
Blow, n. [0. M'duen.'] 1. A forcible stroke with the
hand, flat, rod, club, sword, etc. 2. A forcible act or
effort ; assault. 3. A sudden calamitv.
Syn. — Stroke ; knock ; shock ; misfortone.
Blow, V. i. [imp. Blkw (blu} ; p. p. Blowh (blOn) :
p. pr. & rb. n. Bix>wiko. ] [ AS. blatcan to Uow, as wind.]
X To produce a current of air ; to move rapidly or forci-
bly. 2. To send forth a forcible current ot air. 3. To
pant ; to puff. 4. To sound on being blown Into, as a
trumpet. 6. To apout water, etc., as a whale. 6. To
be carried by the wind. 7. To talk loudly ; to storm.
[Colloq.'] —V. /. 1. To force a current of air upon. 2.
To drive by a current of air ; to impel. 3. To caose (a
wind instrument) to sound. 4. To clear (an egg, the
nose, etc.) of contents by forcing air through, o. To
burst or destroy by an explosion 6. To publuh ; to dia-
cioee. 7. To swell by injecting air; to infl^ite. 8. To
put out of breath. 9. To depoMt eggs or Urvse upon, or
in (meat, etc.). ^n. 1. A blowing; a violent blowing
of the wind ; a gale. 2. A forcing air from the mouth,
or through some instrument. 3. The spouting of a
whale. 4. A single heat or operation of the BMsemer
converter upon metaL 6. An egg or larva deposited by
a fly in flesh ; act of depositing it.
BlOW'or, n. 1. One that blows. 2. A device for pro-
ducing a current of air, for increasing draft, ventilating,
cleansing grain, etc. 3. A small fish of the Atlantic
cosAt ; the puffer. 4. A braggart, or loud talker. [Slang}
BlOW^ir i-W), n. A fly that deposits its eggs or
young larvm {flyblowa or maggott) upon meat, etc.
Blown (bl5n), p.p.&a. 1. Swollen ; inflated ; puffed
up. 2. Stale ; worthless. 3. Out of breath ; exhausted.
4. Covered with eggs and larvae of flies ; flyblown.
BlOWlL. p. p. & a. Opened ; having blossomed.
Blow'pipe' (blS'pIp'), n. A tube l^)r directing a jet
of air into fire, so as to oonoentrate the heat on some
object.
fttB, toooBi, ^rb, ryde, f yUt tau^ ftfbd, ftfbli oat| oil, olulr, go, •!&«, t^k, then, thia.
BLOWZED e
BlOWMd(bl<mfld),Bl0Wl^(blou'ff),a. Raring high
color from •zpoiuro to weather ; ruddy : f rowiy.
BlnblMr (blfib^r), ». 1. A bubble. 2. Fat of
wbalea, etc., yielding oIL S. A large aea nettle. —r. i.
To weep noially, or eo aa to diafigure the face; to cry
ohildiaUy. —v. I. 1. To iwell (the face) with weeping.
2. To gire vent to (tears) or utter (broken words or criea).
mndfl/eoil (bifij'ttn), n. [Ir. Uocan a liUle block.]
A short sdok, heary at one end, ured as a weapon.
mot (blu), a. [loeL blar Uvid ; akin to Dan. hlaa
blue, O. Mott.] 1. Of the color of the clear sky. 2.
Low fai spirits ; melancholy ; gloomy. S. Serere or orer
•trlot in morals. 4. Literary ; — abbr. fr. blueMocking.
Btae dtnils, apparitions supposed to be seen by persons
■offering with (Miriutn tremeM ; hence, Te^ low spirits.
— Btae fvm, a Tery large Australian tree, affording pro-
tection against malaria. — Btae llfht, a composition which
boms with a brilliant blue flame. — Btae mass, a prepa-
ration of mercury from which is formed the blue pill. —
Btae dntaeat. mercurial ointment. — Bias Peter, a blue
flag with a white square in the centre, used on British
ships as a signal for sailing, to recall boats, etc. — Btae pilL
(a) An i4>enent pill of prepared mercury, {b) Blue mass,
—n. 1. One of the seven primanr colors; color of the
clear iky, 2. ^ 7'^'r,'"' woman; blueetocking. [Colloa.'\
3. ftl. ifdhori Tor f't'fe 'sevilt.'] tow spirits; melancholy.
[ Cofio^* 1 — f '. To m ftke blue.
Blnrb«Il^ (-bei'K n. Name of several flowering plants.
Blovl»flr-T7 [ tt^tT^ \ n. The berry of seyeral shrubs
ot the Hcjitb familv- '
BlQe^lz4' { l^lu'tif r.l ), n. A small song bird.
BlQfrlM}! tls ( -bOt' t ' 1 1, fi. 1. A plant growing in grain
fleMa, 3. A lnrjTr n|KM les of blowfly.
Blu^'tlJill^ rfV^ti 1, Tf. A Urge, voracious food fish of
the AlL^^L, L^^t ol America and the West Indies.
Blnid^nMMt n. The quality of being blue ; a blue color.
Blna'&OM (-nSs). n. A nickname for a Nova Scotian.
BlUO'BUwk'bur (-f^SkOTng), n. A female pedant.
muff (bllif), a. [OD. UaffMt, broad ; or LG. bluffen
to frighten.] 1. Having a broad, flattened front. 2.
Rising steeply with a flat or rounded front. S. Surly ;
churlbh; gruff; rough. 4. Abrupt; unceremonious;
blunt; brusque. »n. L. A high, steep bank; a cliff
with a broad face. 2. A blufiliig ; an expression of self-
oonfldence for intimidation. 3. A game at cards; poker.
[{7*. ^.] «-v. t. To frighten from a purpoee by making
a show of oonfldence bi one's strength. yCoUoq."]
Bluing (bluing), n. 1. The rendering blue (steel,
washed linen, etc.). 2. Indigo, etc., to give a bluish tint.
Blnflidl, a. Somewhat blue.
Blnil'dflr (blttn'd8r\ v. i. [Perh. akin to blend to mix.]
1. To make a gross mistake. 2. To move clumsily. —
n. A gross error^from carelessness, stupidity, or culpa-
ble Ignorance. — Blil]l'd«r-«r, Blim'der-liaAa', n.
Syn. — Bluitdbr ; Erbob : Mistaks : Bull. — An error
is a departure from what is right or correct. A miMake
is the interchange or taking of one thing for another,
through haste, inadvertence, etc. A blufider is a mistake
or error of a gross kind, through carelessness, ignorance,
or stupidity. A biUl is a verbal blunder containing a laugh-
able incongruity of ideas.
Blim'dflr-lnuw (-blls), n. [Blunder + D. but tube,
box ; or f r. D. donderhwt thunder box, gim.] 1. A short
gun with large bore, holding so many balls as to do exe-
cution without exact aim. 2. A blundering fellow.
BlUllffe (blfinj), V. t. To amalgamate and blend j to
beat up or mix in water, as clay.
Blim'nr (bl&n'jSr), n. [Corrup. fr. plunger."] A
wooden blade for mlxlnflr clay in potteries ; a plunger.
Blimt (blfint), a. [Prov. O. bludde a dull knife ; or
perh. akin to E. blind. \ 1. Dull ; not sharp. 2. I>ull
m understanding ; stupid ; — opposed to aeute. 3. Abrupt
in manners or speech.— r. /. 1. To dull the edfre or
point of. 2. To repress or weaken. — Blmitly, adv.
Syn. — Obtuse ; dull ; pointless ; curt : abrupt ; short ;
1 rude ; brusque ; impolite ; uuciviL
BOB
(blQr), V. i. [Prob. saoM at Mmt.] 1. To 6b-
■oora by makinff the form of oonfnaed and unoertain ; to
amear. 2. To aim ; to darken ; to stain. ~». A stain ;
a Mot; indistinctnesB.
8jn.— Tospot; blot ; disfigure ; stain; sully.
nvt (blfirt), V. /. [Cf. Blasb.] To utter raahly.
milBll (blilah), V. i. [AS. Uytcan to glow.] L Tb
redden hi the cheeks, as from shame, modesty, or con-
fusion. 2. To grow red, or have a warm and delicate
color. ~ n. 1. Suffusion of the face with red. 2. A
roey tint. — BlOBllillf-ly, adv.
BlUit«r(blfisa%r),v.l [Allied to ft^ffjl] L. To blow
fltf uUy with violence and noise. 2. To swagger ; to talk
with noisy violence; to rage. ~ v. t. To bully. —n.
Fitful nolae and violence, as of a storm : violent and
boastful language. — BlllBl«-«r, n. — Blaalfr-lBC,
BlllBtW-OVB, BlVBtmUl, a.
Syn. — Noise; boisterousneas ; tumult; turbulenoe;
boasting;
iring ; bidlying.
Jl., a water serpent Perh. fr. bot an
Bo'albC'i), ». _ .
ox.] 1. Agenusof large American serpents. 2. Along,
round fur tippet ; — shaped like the boa constrictor.
Boa eenstrietor, a powerful serpent of tropical America,
which kills its prey by constriction.
Boar (bSr), n. [AS. Mr; aUn to O. b&r boar (bot not
bar bear).] The uncastrated male of awine ; the wild hog.
Board (bSrd), n. [AS. bord board, shipboard; akbi
to bred plank, y 1. A timber sawed thin, for use in
building, etc. 2. A table to put food upon. 3. Food
served on a table ; meals furnished for pay. 4. Tkble at
which a council is held ; number of persons sitting in coun-
cil to manage business. 6. Table for a game or other
special purpose. 6. Paper made thick tuxA stiff like a
board ; pasteboard. 7. pi. The stage in a theater. 8. Side
of a ship, etc. ; the stretch which a ship makes in one tack,
—r. I. 1. To cover with boards or boarding. 2. To go
on board of, or enter (a ship, railroad car, etc.). 3. To
supply with meals. — 1>. t'. To receive meals, etc., for pay.
BOAld'tr, n. 1. One who lives at another^s Uble for
pay. 2. One who boards a ship.
BoordlBC, «. 1. The enterine a ship. 2. A <
ing with boards ; boards, collectively ; a covering made of
bMrds. 3. Supply of meals and lodgings, for pay.
a house in which boarders are kept, t
BoarHiwg school, a school in which pupils receive board
and lodging.
■h (bSrTsh), a. Swinish ; brutal ; cruel.
(bCet), v.i.&t. [OE. boslen, v., bost, boost, n.,
noise, boasting ; cf. O. bausent bau»ehen^ to swell.] To
brag; to glory; to exult.— n. 1. A boasting or Drag*
ging. 2. Occasion of exultation. — BOMt'tr, n. —
BoantfuL a. — BOMtnul-ly, adv. — BOMtnul-IIMM, n.
Syn. — To brag ; bluster ; vapor ; crow ; talk big.
Boftt (bSt), n. [AS. b&i; akki to D. & G. boot. Cf.
Batbau.j 1. A small open vessel, moved by oars or by
sails, wheels, etc. 2. Any vessel ;— sometimes applied
to steam vessels of the largest class. 3. A vehicle, uten-
sO, or dish, shaped like a boat.— v. t. 1. To transport
in a boat. 2. To place in a boat.— v. i. To go in a boat.
Beat hook, an Iron hook with a pohit on the back, fixed
to a long pole, to pull or push a boat, raft, log, etc.
Boftt'a-ble (;4-b*l), a. 1. Such as can be transported
in a boat 2. Navigable for boats, or small river craft
Boat'age (-tj), n. Conveyance by boat; charge for
such conveyance.
Boaflng, n. A rowing or sailing ; carriage in boats.
Boat'&iail, n. One who manages a boat.
Boat'BWaIn (bSfswftn ; colloq.^ bS's'n), n. An oflloer
in charge of the boats, sails, anchors, cordage, etc., of a
ship, and who summons the crew, etc.
Bob (b8b), n. [Onomatopoetic] 1. Anythhig that
plays looselv, or with a short jerking motion, as at the
end of a string ; a pendant 2. Bait used in angling ; a
cork attached to a fishing line ; a float 3. Ball of a
pendulum, or weight at the end of a plumb line. 4. A
S, 8, 1, 8, a, long ; &, 0, 1, 5, a, tf >^ort ; sanAte, 8vent, tdea, 8bey, finite, cAre, Urm, Aak, nil, fhusL
BOBBIN
69
BOLT
short, J«rkmff motion. 6. A mode of rinfflnB: changes on
bells. — r. /. limp. & p. p. Bobbed (b9bd) ;p.pr.& vb. n.
BoBBuro.] 1. Tb more in s short, jerking manner. 2.
To tsD. 3. To cat short (the hsir, s horse's tail, etc.).
— r. «. To Jerk to and fro, or up and down.
Bol>ariB(MR/bTn).ii. [F. bobine ;ct It. &QMl.baban
tassel, or E. bob."} x. A smaU pin used in making pillow
lace ; a spool to hold thread in spinning machhies, looms,
sewing machines, etc. 2. Fine cord or narrow braid.
BoblA-ntf (-bT-nBtO, ». A kind of cotton lace,
wrought by machines, and not by hand.
BO&O-link' (^.ITgkO, n. An AmeHcan shiging bird.
BolKstay (-stS' ), n. A rope or chain confining a ship's
bowmnrit downward to the stem ; — ususlly in /m.
Boo'Ull' (-tSOf n. An animal (as a horse or dog) with
a sliort talL -Bolllall', Bo1>lall0d' (-tSdO, a.
BcH/whiW i-hwW), n. The quaU of North America.
BooklBC (WJkTng), n. [Fr. ^
Boeking^ Kigland, where it was
first noiade.] A coarse woolen
fabric, used for floor cloths, etc.
Bod'dloo(bOd'dTs),». Bodice.
Bote (bSd), V. t. & i. [A8.
bodian to announce, tell, fr. bod
message, fr. root of beSdan to
command. See Bio.] To indi-
cate (future events) by signs ; to
portend; to foreshow.
Bod1oe(b8dTs),n. [Prop.pL
of bodyj OK. bodUe a pair of
bodies, equiv. to a bodice. Cf.
CoBSBT.I 1. A corset ; stays. 2.
A close-fitting outer waist or up*
per part of a woman's dress.
Bod'tod (-Td), a. Earing a
body ; — usually in composition.
B0dl-lM« (-I-lSs), a. 1. Har- Bobwhite.
ing no body. 2. Without material form ; Incorporeal.
Bodl-ly (-T-lj^), a. HaTing a body or material form ;
Ehysical ; consisting of matter. — adv. 1. Corporeally ;
1 the body. 2. Entirely ; completely.
BodlBf (bSdTng), a. Foreshowing ; presaging ; omi-
nous. •- fi. A prognostic ; omen ; foreboding.
Bod'klB(b5d'kn)),n. [OB. 6oy</dl:yn dagger.] 1. A
pointed implement for making holes in cloth, etc. ; sti-
letta 2. A blunt needle for drawing tape, ribbon, etc..
throuj
trough a loop or
Bodlr (bM7),
> or a hem.
• /rf. BoDM (-Ts). ik%.bodig.'\ 1.
The nu^rial rabstance of an animal. £ The trunk, or
main pMt, of a person, animd, tree, army, countrv, etc.
3. A person ; — freq. in comp. ; as, anyftotfy, tkobody. 4.
A collective mass of persons ; a corporation. 6. A num-
ber of things or particulars embodied in a system ; a gen-
eral collection ; any substance distinct from otiiers. 6.
Part of a garment covering the body. 7. Box of a
vehicle, to contain the load. 8. Geometrical figure hav-
ing length, breadth, and thickness. 0. Consistency ; sub-
stance; strength. —V. t. To give shape or consistency
to; to embody.
Bod^-ffvard' (-fKrdO, n. L. A guard to defend the
person ; a lifeguard. 2. Retinue ; following.
P B0«r (bS5r), ». [D.] Dutch colonist in South Africa.
BOf (bOg), n. [Ir. & OaeL, soft, moist : Osel. bogan
quagmire.] 1. A ouagmire ; marsh ; morass. 2. A clump
of earth, roots, and grass, in a swamp. ILocalt U. S."} —
V. I. To sink and stick, as in mud and mire.
Bes ors. An ore of iron found in boggy land.
Bo'gwr (bygy), n. a bogy.
BorCM (bSg'g'l), V. i. [S«e BooLB.] 1. To stop as if
suddenly frightmied, or in doubt. 2. To do anything
awkwardly. 3. To dissemble.
Boc'Cy (-9(9)^ <^ Like a bog ; swampy.
Bo'jrl* (b^gl), n. [Scot. & North Eng., a specter.]
A gobun ; specter ; bogy ; bugbear. [Written also boggle.]
Boreas (bS'fffis), a.
Borwood' (bSg'wdbdO, n.
specter;
Spurious; fictitious; sham.
, ^ iOi n. Wood of trees dug from
peat bogs ; — of ebony color, and used in ornaments.
Bo'C7(bS'gj^),n.; t>/. Boons 0«Ts). [See Boolb.1 A
hobffoblin ; busbear. [Written also bogey.]
I' (b5-h8'), n. [Fr. TTu-f', pron. in Chmese 6m-»,
name of the hills where this tea grows.] Bohea tea, an
inferior kind of black tea.
Bo-lM^lBl-A (-mT-4), 11. 1. A country of central Europe.
2. The community of social Bohemians.
Bo-lM^kni-All (-on), a. 11. Pertaining to Bohemia, or
its ancient languBge. 2. Pertaining to a social gipsy or
** Bohemian ; '^vagabond ; free and easy. [Afodemj — n.
1. A native of Bohemia. 2. Language of the Cseclis.
3. A restless vagabond ; an adventurer in art or litera*
ture. [Modern] — Bo-lM'Bll-Ml-imi, n.
Bon (boil), V. t*. [OF. boiilir, it. L. bullire to bubble,
bvMa bubble.] 1. To bubble from heat ; to effervesce.
2. To pass from a liquid state to vapor, when heated.
3. To be excited with passion, —v. U 1. To heat to the
boiUfidr fKiInt. 2. To fonn, or uppT&t^?, by boilinef or
evupt'irutii'iii. 3. To heat In u boiling litiuid, m in cook-
BoUi a. K hiirtl, inflnim'd tumor, contoiidiig pqa.
BoU^or, n. 1. Oue wliu buOi^ 2. A Vftifiel in whl^h
aiivT>ini<g is boil^, or Btejicu U g(mi?rate(L
&oll'er-T, n. A plnoe Ami appumtui for bonintj.
Soll'lagf Hh Heated to the puhU di bubblJDg; woit^
giui; \ BwiiiltinR: vitli Iieitt or r^iQU-^A* 1- KhulUtlon;
agitntkOii. 2- K?ifiOBtirft to iu!ti(^u g( hot linMiil.
Boilinfl palate, tf^iiirx'nitiin> at wlilch a fluil l.r<'iitjii-iis va>
poT- rnr wint<^r, at tin* J#^v<*| ol tin? lu?*^ bur'Hint-i ;ni m..
It i-i iVi KiihreuliiJit ; tor aji^uts^o], JT2J¥; ■ Icjr itti^^r^ isLS-'.
Eola'-lflT^tW (baift'tir Qj»K ^^- [Of I bmximm.^ Vio-
lent L Ht canity \ turbulent. — Bolft'ter-ODS'lr, adv.
Kyn. - Loml ; rojinrig^ » vjolfiiit; lii&nuy ; turbBlenl;
furiiiniH tinnultiiDuii L iioLiy ; Uia|H^Euoiifl ; v(^hf<int*'iitn
Bold (baid), rt. [AS. bfthi, beatd.) 1. FoTwwd to
meet danger ; venturesome ; not shrinking from risk.
2. Exhibiting or requiring spirit and contempt of danger ;
Blanned with courage. 3. Too forward ; taking undue
berties ; over confident ; lacking modesty or restraint.
4. Standing prominently out to view; markedljr con-
spicuous ; in high relief. 6. Steep ; abrupt ; prominent.
— Bolday, adv. — BoldllOW, n.
8yn. — Courageous ; daring ; brave ; fearless ; valiant ;
manful; audacious; confident; forward; Impudent.
Bold'-faood' (-fiat^)* o.l L. Somewhat imnudent.
2. Having a conspicuous or lieavy face ; — said of type.
^^ This line is hold' faced nonpareil.
B<Ao (bSI), n. [loel. bolr; aUn to LG. &of/ round.
Cf. BuLOB.] Trunk of a tree.
Bolo, n. [Or. /SmAoc clod of earth.] 1. A friable earthy
clay, usually colored red bv oxide of iron, and nj^ to
color various substances. 2. A bolus ;; & done.
Bdll (bSl), n. [AS. boUa. See Bowl s v i>mi>L ]
The pod or capsule of a plant; a pnTt^ ilfip nf
globular form. — v. i. To form a boU ^^r h^^^
vessel ; to go to seed.
Bol'Stor (bSl'st^r), n.(
[AS.] 1. Along pillow to I
support the head of one
reclining. 2. A compress
or other thing to hinder
pressure or to support a
port of the body. 3. A sup-
port in machinery, etc. 4. ^.,
Anythhig used to prevent ^3k ■ "* - ^^ J l^-^
chafing. —V. /. To support ; H^ ^ - ^^^ si^
to hold up. Some form* of Bolt*. A Tap bolti
Bolt (bSlt), n. [AS.] /t Stove bolt I C Machine bolt t
1. A shaft for a crossbow ^^ S"''*'^J***'!;k ^' »^'' '"•* ^
r. ^*^.»..i«> . ....«» . A^^ ■re furnwhed with nuts.
or catapult ; arrow ; dart.
2. Lightning ; thunderbolt. 3. A strong pin, to hold
fSm, reooit, 6rb, r^de, fyll, ftm, fcTod, f<jbt, out, oil, chair, go, sinBi ^Qh, then, thin.
BOLT
70
BOOKWORM
■omething in place. 4. A sUdiiig catch for » door or
gate ; portion of a lock which is shot or withdrawn by
action of the key. 6 A roll of cloth. — r. t. 1. To
•boot 2. To utter precipitately ; to blurt out 3. To
swallow (food) without chewing. 4- To reject (a nom-
ination made by one's own party). 6. To secure with
bolts ; to shackle ; to restrain, —v. i. 1. To sUrt forth
like a bolt or arrow ; to dart 2. To spring suddenly
aside, or oat of the regular path. 3. To break away from
one's political party. — otfv. Suddenly; straight — n.
L. A sudden start aside; sodden flight 2. A breaking
away from one's party.
Bolt (b«lt), V. t. [OF. buUter.] To sift (bran) from
flour, bv a bolter ; to separate, assort refine, or purify.
— n. A fhie sieve for bolting flour and meal ; a bolter.
Bttlftr, «. One who bolts ; a horse which starts sud-
denly aside ; a man who breaks from his party.
Bcoftr, n. L. One who sifU flour or meal. 2. An
instrument for sepsmting bran from flour ; a sieve.
BolUi (bS^fis), n. [L., bit, morsel.] A rounded
mass of anything, esp. a large pilL
Bomb (bSm or b&m), n. [F. bombe bombshell, f r. L.
bombus a humming noise.] A shell ; esji., a spherical
shell, flred from mortars.
Bom-terfl' (b5m. or bflm-biirdO, v. t. To attack with
artillery; to throw shells, hot shot etc., at or into. —
Bqnu-lMra'Bioiit, n. — BomOMr-dler' (-blr-dSr"), n.
lino' (bfim'bA-sSn'), n. Bombasine.
I (bSm'- or bQma>iUit), n. [^OF. bombacf, LL.
bombax cotton; hence, padding, fustian. See Bomba-
ZI1IB.1 1. Orig., cotton, or cotton wool. 2. High-
sounding words ; inflated style ; fustian.- a. Big with-
out meaning ; magniloquent ; bombastic. — Bom-lNUltlo,
Bom-lNuimo-ol. a. — Bom-lMUi'tlo-al-ly, adv.
BomlM-^llO' (b9m'- or bfim'b4-zeiiO» »• C^- bomba-
Mtn^ L. bon^eimu silken, bombycinum a silk or cotton
texture, fr. bomhux silk, silkworm.] A twilled dress
fabric baring a silk warp and worsted weft [Spelt aLw
bomboHn^ and bomba»ine.'\
BoaH/vnOt (b5m'- or bfim'pr65f0i o. Secure against
the explodre force of bombs.— n. A structure impene-
trable Vy heavy shot and shell.
Boilri)<WMir (-sh«10, n. A bomb.
II Bomltn (bSm'biks), n. [L.] A genus of moths
including the silkworm moth.
B'sa (bft-nSn'z4), n. [Sp., prop., fair weather,
proqwrity, f r. L. bonug good.] In mining, a rich vein of
silver or gold ; anythhig profitable. ICoUoq. U. 8."]
II BOBlMMl' (b8Kn)eK')» »• [Pm '»■• bon fxfn very good,
fr. 6on eood.] Sugar confectionery ; sugarplum ; a dainty.
Bond (bOnd), n. [Same as band.] 1. That which
binds or ties ; cord, chain, etc. ; band ; ligament 2. pi.
Captivity ; restraint. 3. A written obligation to fulfill
a contract 4. Union of stones in a walL
Syn. — Chains : fetters ; captivity ; imprisonment
— V. t. To condition by a bond ; to mortgage.
Bond, n. [OE. 6on<f peasant, serf, AS. bonda husband,
householder.] Formerly, a vassal or serf ; a slave. —a.
In a state of servitude ; captive.
Boi^'agO (-tj), n. 1. A being bound, or under re-
straint ; captivity. 2. Oblteation ; tie of duty.
Syn. — Thralldom ; imprisonment
Bood'Od, a. Placed under a bond, as for payment of
duties, or conformity to certain regulations.
■^ — * 7 (.mSd^), n. A female slave.
(-man), n. A man slave.
■onront (82rv'ant). A slave.
mon (bOndz'roan), n. 1. A bondman. 2. A
leml surety ; one who gives security for another.
Bond'wom'ui (bQnd'wd6m'an), Bonds'wom'an
(bonds'-), n. A woman who is a slave, or in bondage.
Bono (bOn), n. [AS. ban; akin to Icel. & Q. bHn
bone, leg.] 1. The hard, cslcified tissue of the skeleton
of vertebrate animals. 2. One of the parts of an animal
skeleton; any fragment of bony substance; {pi.) the
frame or skeleton of the body. 3. Whalebone ; a piece
of steel for a corset — r. /. 1. To withdraw bones from
the flesh of, as in cookery. 2. To put whalebone into.
3. To fertilize with bone. 4. To steaL {Siang}
Bono'SOt' (bSn'sStO, n. A medicinal plant, the thor-
oughwort, having diaphoretic and tonic pnqperties.
Bonliro' (b5n'fir'), n. [OE. bone/Ire^ orig., a flre of
bones.] A fire built in the open air, in exultaticm, etc.
II Bon'mot' (bdK'm^Oi «• / P^- Bonsmotb (-mftsO. [F.
6on ffood -j- mot word.l A witty repartee ; jeet
II Bonno (b5n), n. (F., prop., good woman.) A female
servant charged with the care of a young child.
Bon'not (bOn'nSt), n. [F., fr. LL bonnela.'^ L. A
cap worn by Scotchmen. 2. A woman's covering for the
back and sides of the head, but not the forehead. 3. The
second stomach of a ruminating animal.
Bon'&y (^f\ o. [F. bon, fern, bonne ^ fr. L. bonvs
Jay; mcrr^
Bon'&y-oUblMr (•kinyler), nJ [Ir. bainne mUk -f-
good.] 1. Handsome ; pretty ; lively and gracef uL 2.
6av; merry; blithe.
e ; preti
— Bon'
t'ni-ly, adv.
e/oftar mud, mire.] Cosgnlated sour milk; curdled milk.
II Bon' ton' (tdx' tdN'). [F., good tone, manner.]
The height of the fashion ; fasliionable society.
BollUl (bCnfls), n. [L., good.] 1. A premium given
for a loan or other privilege. 2. An extra dividend.
3. Money paid in addition to a stated compensation.
II Bon' vl'vant' (Idn' v»'\iiif'); pi. Bom tivahts
(-viiKz'). [F. bon ^ood -f ftiv/wl, p. pr. of rtrre to live.]
A good fellow ; jovial companion ; free liver.
Bon'y (bS'n]^), a. 1. Consisting of, or fuU of, bones ;
pertaining to bones. 2. Having large oi prominent bones.
Bon'M (bfin'zt), fi. [Pg. bonxo, fr. Japan bdtu.} A
Buddhist or Fohist priest, monk, or nun.
Booa>7 (bSoO)^), n. [Sp. bobo dunce, idiot] L. A
dunce ; stupid fellow. 2. (a) A swimming bird of the
West Indies, related to the gannet (6) A penguin of
the antarctic seas. —a. Stu^d ; dull. — BooHiy-lak, a.
Boo'dlO (bSo'dU), n. 1. The whole collection or lot.
^/>otr, U. S.l 2. Money given for votes or ^litical in-
y ; swag. [Polit. $tang, U. ^.]
[AS. bdc, fr. Wc, beee, beech ; bc-
fluence; brib
Book (bd6k), ft. .
cause the ancient Saxons wrote on beschen board.] 1.
A collection of sheets of paper bound together, praited
or not 2. A composition ; a treatise. 3. A n^ster of
accounts, of debts and credits, receipts and expenditures,
etc. 4. Six tricks taken by one side, in whist : in cer-
tain other games, two or more corresponding cards, form-
ing a set. — V. t. To enter or register in a book or list
Book accovnt a register of debt or credit in a book. —
Book mnsllB. (a) A Kind of muslin used for covers of
books, ib) Thin white muslin for Isdies' druses. — To make
a book, to k ' beto (recorded in a pocket book) against the
success of every horse, so that the bookmaker wins on all
the unsuccessful horses and loses only on the winning
horse or horses.
BoOklllnd^or (-bind'er), n. One whose occupation is to
bind books. — Booklilnd'or-y, n. — BoOklilndIng, n.
Book'oaao' (-kSa^), n. A case to hold books.
Bookish, a. 1. Given to study ; understanding books
rather tlian men. 2. Formal ; labored ; pedantic.
Bodk'keop'er (-kSp^Sr), n. One who keeps accounts ;
one in charge of the books in an office.
Book'keep'lnff, n. Art of recording business trans-
actions, so as to show the state of the business in which
thev occur. The books commonly used are a daybook^
cajftbook. Journal t and ledger.
Book'mAk''or (-mik^r), n. 1. One who writes and
publishes boolcs ; a compiler. 2. A betting man who
'* makes a book." See under Book, n.
Book'BoU'er (-s^'er), n. One who sells books.
Book'Bkelf' (-Bh^O, n. A shelf to hold books.
Book'Otore' (-stSr^). n. A store for selling books.
Book'WOrm' C-wOrm'), n. 1. A larva of a beetle or
moth injurious to books. 2. A close student
S, 8, 1, 8, tl, long ; &, d, 1, 5, A, ft short ; senAte, dvent, Idea, Obey, Onite, c4re, ftrm, &sk, |^1, final.
BOOM
71
BOTTLE
Boom (bS&m), n. [D., tree, pole, bur. See Bbam.]
L. A apar extending the bottom of a laiL 2. A bar,
cable, etc, eoroM a river or mouth of a harbor. — v. t.
To extend, or push, with a boom.
BoOBtV. ^ [Onoraatopoetic] 1. To cry or roar with
aboUow aound. 2. To rush Tiofently, as a ahip before a
free wind. 3. To grow rapidly in market value or in
faror. — n. L. A hollow roar; cry of the bittern. 2.
A strong and extensiTe advance in market prices, etc.
Boom'tr-ang (-Sr-Ing), n. A missile weapon of
Aoatralia and some parts of India.
Boon (bS&n), n. [OB. bone^ bain^ a petition, fr. loeL
bdn; influenced by F. bon good, L. bonus.l A gift;
grant.— a. 1. Kind; bountifuL 2. Oay; JoriaL
Boor (bS&r), n. [D. boer farmer, boor. ] 1. A peasant ;
Tostic 2. A Dutch colonist in South Africa, Ouiana,
eCe. ; boer. S. One clownish hi manners. — Boor'lall, a.
Boooe (bSte), V. i. Tobooie.
Boost (bStetV V. f. [Cf. Boast.] To lift or push from
behind (one enaeavoring to climb) ; to assist in advancing.
— n. A pu^ from behm^ ; help. [Colloa. U. SA
Boot (b55t), n. [AS. bUt ; prop., a makmg good.] L.
Remedy ; amends ; reparation. 2. Something given to
equaUxe an exchange. — v. t. To profit ; to avail.
Boot, n. [F. boUe. LL. botta.) 1. A covering for the
foot and lower leg. 2. A pbkce for baggage at either end
of a sti^eooach. 3. An apron for a vehicle, to protect
from rain and mud. — v. t. & ». To put booto on.
Boot-OO' (b55-t9'), n. A half boot or short boot.
Booth (b5&tfa), a. [OE. bothe; akin to AS. bwtn to
dwell, B. 6oor, boteer^ be."] 1. A shed for temporary
oocnpation. 2. A stall in a market or at a polling phuse.
^ ^ttO» «• A device for piUlIng off boot*.
Fr. boot remedy, profit.] Unavailing ;
Bootlaok" (bS&trjIk/ ), n. A device f or p^UHng off boots.
mprofltable ;
Boots (b50ts), n. A servant who cleans boots and shoes.
a. [Fr.
useless.
BOO^ (bsytj^), fiv [Cf. Icel. b^ti exchange, barter ;
infloenoed by 600/ profit.] Spoil taken in war ; plimder.
Boom (bJRys), v. u [D. buUeny perh. f r. 6i/w tube, bxu
box, Jar.] To drink greedily ; to tipple. [Written also
AoMje, and boo*e.'[ —a. A carouse ; a drinking.
BOQS^, a. A little intoxicated ; fuddled. [CoHoq.'\
Bo-poop' (bt-pSp'), n. A looking out suddenly, so as
to startle (children hi play), or a looking out and draw-
' r back, as if frightened.
: (bVrlks), n. [F. A LL. : fr. Ar. bUraq.^ A
crystalline salt, with a Aight alkaline taste, used as a
flux, in soldering metals, making enamels, flxinir colors
onporcelain, and as a soap. — Bo-tBO'iO (bt-rSs^k), a.
Bor'dar (bdr'dSr), n. t^' bordure^ fr. border to bor-
der, fr. bord a border; of German origin.] 1. Outer,
part or edge of anything. 2. A boundary ; frontier.
8jn. — fidge ; verge ; margin ; brim ; confine.
— 9. i. 1. To touch at tlie edge or boundary ; to be ad-
jacent. 2. To approach ; to verge. — f\ /. 1. To>make
a border for. 2. To touch, or be touched ; to be near
the limits or boundary. [country. |
"^ *dor-or, n. One who dwells on the confines of a|
_ ._ i (bBr), v.t. & i, [AS. borian.J^ 1. To perforate
fa solid body]| by turning an auger, drill, etc. ; to pierce.
2. To make (a passage) by laborious effort, as in boring.
S. To weary by tedious iteration or bv dullness ; to tire ;
to pester.— n. 1. A hole made by boring; a perfora-
tion. 2. Internal (nrlindrical cavity of a gun, pipe, or
tube. S. Interior diameter ; caliber. 4. A tool for bor-
ing, as an auser. 6. A person or thing thaX wearies
BOffOtn. [Icel. bara wave.] A tidal flood which rushes
Into rivers of peculiar location, in high waves.
Bora, imp. of Bbar to support, also of Bbar to produce.
B0'!ra4d(b5'rt-al), a. [L. borealix, fr. Or. Bop«a« north
wind.] Northern ; pertaining to the iiorth wind.
Boror(bSr'Sr),n. 1. One tlutt bores ; an instrument
for boring. 2. A mollusk which burrows in wood, lime-
stone, etc. ; Uunra which penetrates trees.
(bdm), p. p. & a, [See Biae, v. f .1 L. Bronght
forth ; brought into life ; introduced by birth. 2. Hav-
ing a certain character from birth ; by nature : innate.
Borne (bSm), p. p. of Bbab. Carried ; conveyed ;
supported ; defraved.
BoTon (bG'rQn), n. A nonmetalUc chemical element,
occurring in borax, and obtained in a seini-metallic form,
also in crystals resembling the diamond in hardness.
Bor'oakll (bfir^), n. [AS. burhj bnra; akki to beor-
gan to hioe, defend.J 1. An incorporated village or town
that is not a city. 2. The citixens of a borough.
Bor'row (bfir'rd), v. t. [AS. borgian^ fr. 6ofy, borh^
pledge. 1 1. To receive from another as a loan ; — oppo-
site of tend. 2. To copy. — BOi^row-or (-?r). m.
II Boo (b8s), n. [L., ox, cow.] A genus of ruminant
quadrupeds, including wild and domestic cattle.
Boo'oagO (bSsOKtj), n. [OP., grove, fr. LL. botctu
thicket.] A growth of trees or i^rubs ; underwood.
Booh (bSsh), n. [Turk.] Empty talk; humbug.
Boo'OIII (babslim), n. [AS. bii*m.'\ 1. The breast.
2. The seat of the passions, attections, and operations of
the mind; secret thoughts. 3. Embrace; fold. —a. 1.
Pertaining to the bosom. 2. Intimate ; confidential ; be-
loved. — V. t. To take to heart ; to cherisli.
B00S(bS9), n. [F. bo**e.'\ 1. A stud ; knob, 2. Raised
work. — r. /. To emboss ; to stud. — BouKy, a.
Boos, n. [D. baa* master.] A master workman or su-
perintendent ; a manager ; a political dictator. —v. t, & i.
To hold mastery over ; to superintend. [Slana^ U. 5.]
Bo-tanio (b^-tluTk), ) a. Pertaining to botany. —
Bo-tanloHa (-T-kal), ) Bo-taii'lo-al-ly, o<f«.
Bot'a-niSt (bet'A-nTst), n. One skilled in botany.
Bot'a-nlSO (-nix), v.L&i, To study plants.
Bot'a-n7(bSf4-n]^), ». [Or. Avroin) plant, fr. /S^xcur
to graxe.] Science of plants.
Botoll(b5ch;62},n. [Cf. D.6o<Mntobeat] 1. Patch
put on, or part of a garment patched clumsihr. 2. A
clumsy performance; a bungle. •- v. t. 1. To mend
clumsily. 2. To roar by unskillful work ; to spoU. —
Botoh'or-y. n. — Botoh^, a.
Botfly' (bOffliO, n. A dipterous insect of many spe-
cies, some of
which '>nfest
the horse, ox,
and sheep, on
which they de-
posit their
^^ilOL (bSth),
a. or pron.
[OE. bothe,
bape; akin to
G. & D. beide,
also AS. bffjen,
and Gr. a^<^ft»,
L. ambo. Cf. BoitLyoi Hortei Gastrophihu^gui)- aLttm
Ana- 1 Tlie one o»" »<>' » * Adult f enisle Botfly. Somewhat
and the other; •^"»'^-
the two. — conj. As well ; not only ; equally.
Botll'or(bSth'3r),t'.<. [Cf. Ir. ftuauMtX trouble.] To
annoy ; to worry ; to perplex. — v. t To feel care ; to
make or take trouble. — n. One that bothers; embar-
rassment ; worry ; petty trouble.
Both'er-atlai, n. vexation. [C0//09.]
BotlT-Oid (bSt'rT-oid), ) a. [Gr. p6Tfnn a cluster of
Bot'ry-Oid'al (-oiMal), ) grapes -)-.<^.] Having the
form of a bunch of grapes.
BoU (bSts), n. p/. [Cf.CHeLftoftM belly worm.] The
larva of a botfly, infesting the stomach, throat, ox iit-
testines of the horse. [Written also botts.l
Bottio (bOf tM), n. [OF. botel, LL. buticula, dim. of
bntU flask.] 1. A narrow-necked vessel for holding
liquids. 2. The contents of a bottle. — r. t. To put into
bottles : to inclose in, or restrain as in, a bottle.
(9ra, recent, drb, r^de, f yll, Om, fcTod, fdbt, out, pll, chair, |^. siii^, I^k, ttien, tl||qt
BOTTLE-HOLDER
72
BOWER
Bot^t-htfU'tr (bSta*l-hSld^r), n. L. One who At-
tends ft puf^ilist in a prise fight, with a bottle of water for
his refreshment. 2. An abettor; backer. [CoUog.'i
Bottom (bStt&ni), n. [A8. bolm,] 1. The lowest
part of anything ; the foot. 2. The under surface. 3.
That upon which anything rests ; foundation ; ground-
work. 4. Bed of ft body df water. 6. Low land formed
hv aUuTial deposits along a river ; valley. 6. The part
01 a ship under water ; the vessel itself ; a ship. 7.
Power of endurance.— a. Pertaining to the bottom;
fundamental ; lowest. — v. f . 1. To found or build upon.
2. To furnish with a bottom. 3. To get to the bottom
of. —V. <. To be based. — BottOB-lMum a.
BotlOlll-17 (-if), n. [Fr. Bottom, n., in sense 6 : cf.
D. bodemerij.} A kind of mortgage, binding a ship as
security for repayment of money aavftooed or lent.
n Bmi'dolr' (bsydwSrO, n. [F., fr. bauder to pout,
Bulkj A lady's private room.
H BoHflO (bSQf), n. [F., buffoon.] Comic opera.
Boogll (bou), n. [AS. bdg^ 6dA, bough, shoulder.1
An arm of a tree, esp.~a main branch. " [bribed.]
BoOfllt (bat), imp. & p. p. of But. — a. Purchased ; |
II BOB-ffle' (b0&-zh80, n. [F., wax candle.] 1. A long,
flezibi') sorgiod instrument, to remove obstructions, etc.
2. A slender rod of gelatin, etc, impregnated with medi-
cine, for introduction into the urethra, etc
BOB'lllOB'(bS5'ydN0,n. [F., fr. totftf/irtoboQ.] 1.
A liquid food made by bcrfling meat in water ; a clear soup.
2. An excrescence on a hor8e*s f rush or frog.
BoolMor (bSl'dSIr). n. A bowlder.
n Bonae-TarA' (bsyiS-v&r'), n. [F., fr. O. hoUwerk.
See Bulwark.] 1. Orig., a biilwark or rampart. 2. A
public walk or broad avenue.
Bonnoe (bouns), v. i. [Cf. D. bomen to strike, bont
blow; prob. imiUtive.] 1. To knock loudly. 2. To
spring suddenly ; to bound. — r. /. 1. To thtunp. 2.
To cause to bound or rebound ; to toss. 3. To eject
violently. [ColloQ. U.8.']^n, 1. A sudden leap, bound,
or rebound. 2. A heajnr blow. 3. Bluster; brag; an
impudent lie. — adv. With a sudden leap ; snddenlV.
Boon'oer (boun'sSr), «. 1. One who bounces. 2. A
boaster ; bully. 3. A bold lie or liar. 4. Something big.
Bonn'oillir, a. 1. Stout ; lusty ; buxom. 2. Big.
Bound (bound), n. [OE. bounde, OF. bonne^ bonde,
F. 6ome, fr. LL. bodina, bonna; prob. of Celtic orighi.]
The extenul or limitiiu^ line of any object or space ;
confine ; extent ; boundary. — r. /. 1. To limit ; to
confine. 2. To nune the boundaries of.
Bound, V. i. [F. bcndir to leap, fr. L. bombitnre to
buzs, hum, fr. bombus a humming, buxzing. See Bomb.]
1. To move with sudden springs or leaps. 2. To re-
bound, as an elastic ball. — v. L To cause to rebound. —
n. 1. A leap; a jump. 2. A rebound. 3. A spring
from one foot to the other, in dancing.
Bound, <m/>. &p.p. of BiKo.
Bound, p. p,&a. L. Restrained by a band, fetters, or
the like. 2. Inclosed in a binding or cover. 3. Under
legal or moral obligation. 4. Constrained or compelled ;
destined ; certain : — followed by the infinitive. 6. Re-
solved. iCoUog. U. 8.} 6. Constipated ; costive.
Boond, a. tP. p. of OE. bounen to prepare, fr. boun
ready, prepared ; akin to E. boor and bower.'\ Ready or
intending to RO ; on the way toward ; gohig.
Bonnd'a-ry (-&-rj^), n. That which fixes a limit or ex-
tent; a boimding or separating line.
Syn. — Bound ; Bound art : limit ; border ; term ; ter-
mination ; barrier : verge : conilnes ; precinct.— ^orim/rtry.
In its original and strictest sense, is a visible object or
mark indicating a limit. Bound is the limit itself.
Bonnd'en (bound '^n), p.p. &a. [Old p. p. of bind."]
1. Under obligation; bound by some favor rendered;
obliged ; beholden. 2. Made obligatory ; binding.
Boundless, o- Without bounds ; vast.
gjn.' Unlimited; immeasurable; infinite.
(boonOl-fis), a. Uberal; disposed to
give freely ; benefloent. — BoOtttS-OUI-ly, adv. —
Bonnto-ois-nsss, n.
BoonH-tal (-tT-ful), a. 1. Froe in giving ; liberal. 2.
PlentifuL — Boontl^-ly, adv, — Boon'tt-tal-asBs, n.
Syn.— liberal ; munificent ; geiMrous ; bounteous.
Boonty, n. [F. boiUS^ fr. L. b(mita4, it. bonus good.]
1. Liberality in bestowing gifts or favors ; muniflcenc«>.
2. That which is given generously. 3. A jnmnium to
induce men to enlist into the puUic service, or to encour-
age any branch of industry.
Boil-qiMf (b65-ki'), n. [F., bunch of flowers, trees,
feathers, for bousquet thicket, dim. of LL. botctu.} L.
A bunch of flowers. 2. A perfume ; aroma.
Bonrnton (US&r^Qn), n. [Fr. the castle and seigniors
of Bourbon in France^ 1. A member of a family which
has occupied several European thrones. 2. A politician
who neither forgets nor learns anything ; an obstinate
conservative. — BonrlMm-ism, n.
Boar-cools' (bflr-jois'), n. [Name of a French type
founder, or fr. F. bourgfoU oMhe middle class.] A sise
of type between long primer and brevier.
113^' This line is printed in bourgeois type.
ilBoar-fOOls' (bS&r-shwiir), n. [F., fr. bourg town.]
A man of middle rank in society; one <^ the French shop-
keeping class. — a. Characteristic of the middle dass.
llBoiir-ffOQl-sto'(b6&r-shwK.tS0.n. [F.] The French
middle class, particularly those in trade.
Boor'goon (bflr'jttn), r. i. [F. bourgeon a bud, bour-
gwnner to bua.] To sprout ; to put forth buds.
~ ) (bQm), n, [AS. bumn ; akin to 08. brunno
f spring.] A stream or rivulet ; a bum.
) (bom or hffbra^ n. [F. borne. See Bouko
) a limit] A hound ; boundary ; limit ; goaL
II Boorao (bS5rs), «. [F., purse, exchange, LL. bur»a,
fr. Or. fivp<ra skin, of which a purse was usually made.
Cf. PuRSB, BuRSB.] An exchange, where merchants,
bankers, etc., meet for business.
BOQSO (b55x), v.i. An. Boose.
Boat (bout), n. [Cf. Dan. bugt bend, turning.] L.
Work performed at one time ; turn; round. 2. Contest.
Bo'Vlno (bS'vin), n. [LL. bovinu*t fr. L. 5<m, borU^
ox, cow.] 1. Pertaining to the genus Bo*; relating to
the ox or cow. 2. Sluggish and patient ; dull.
Bow (bou), r. t. Jki. [AS. bugan; akin to L. /ugere
to flee. Or. ^evytty.] To bend ; to curve ; to turn ; to
incline.— n. An inclination of the head, in reverence,
civility, or submission ; obeisance.
Bow (b5), n. [AS. boga^ fr. bUgan to bend.] 1.
Anything bent or curved. 2. A weapon made of elastic
material, with a cord connecting the ends, for propelling
an arrow. 3. A knot formed by doubling a ribbon or
string. 4. The U-*haped piece securing an ox^s neck
to the yoke. 6. An instrument of stretched horsehairs
for playing on a violin, etc. 6. sing, or pi. Two pieces of
wood forming the forward part of a saddletree.— v. L
Toplay fniuuc) with a bow. — «. i. To manage the bow.
Bow (bou), n. [Icel. bOar shoulder, bow of a ship.
See Bough.] 1. The rounded part of a ship forward ;
stem ; prow. 2. One who rows in the forward part of a
boat ; the bow oar.
Bow'el (bou'Sl), n. [OF. boel, fr. L. botvlm sanssge.]
One of an animal's intestines ; an entrail ; a gut ; — gen-
erally in plural. —r. /. [imp. & P- P- BowKLEDor
BowRLLRD ; p.pr. & vb. n. Bowrliko or Bowrlliko.1 To
Uke out the bowels of ; to eviscerate ; to disembowel.
Bow'or (bou'Sr), n. 1. One who bows or bends. 2.
An anchor carried at the bow of a ship.
Bow'or, n. [O. bauer peasant; the flgture for the
knave in cards. See Boor.] One of the two highest
cturds in the game of euchre.
Bow'or, n. [AS. bUr^ akin to bOan to dwell ; O. bftuer
cage, bauer peasant.] 1. Anciently, a chamber ; a lady^s
a, S, 1, 8, 0, long ; ft, «, I, 5, tt, f, abort ; senftte, ^viint, tdea, ftbey, finite, cllre, llrm, &sk, {^1, final.
BOWERY
73
BRAKE
prhrafte ^Mrtment. 2. A rustic cottage. S. A shelter
in a gMtlen ; arbor ; sliady recess. — v. t. To embower.
BoWtr-y (bou^-j^), a. Shading, like a bower ; fuU
of bowers, —n. A (arm or plantation with its buildings,
--a. Characteristic of the Bowery (a stceet in New
York); swaggering; flashy.
BoWkBOt' (bO'nOt'), n. A knot to which part of the
string is drawn through in a loop or bow.
B<nrl (bSl), fi. [AS. Mia,] 1. A concare Teasel, to
hold Ikiuids, etc. 2. A drinking vessel ; conTivial drink-
ing. 3. Gcmtents of a bowl. 4. Hollow part of a thing.
Bowl, n. [F. bouie, fr. L. buiia bubble, stud. Cf.
Bull edict.] 1. A ball for rolling on a level surface. 2.
pi. A game played with biased oalls on level ground ;
the game of tenpins.— p. t. & t. 1. To roll (a bowl,
ericket ball, etc.). 2. To roll smoothly on, or as on,
wheels. 3. To pelt with anything rolled.
Bowl'dar, Bool'der (b51'd8i0. »• i'^^- buUm to roar,
rattle.] 1. A large pebbla. 2. A mass of rock trans-
ported by natural agencies from its native bed.
> hold a
nil to the wind.
rllns (bSKTng), n. The playhig at bowls, or roU-
» baHat cricket ; game of bowls or of tenpins.
I aUejr, a covered place for playing at bowls or
lug that
tenpins.— Bowihiffrssa. a level piece of greensward or
■mooth ground for bowling.
Bowls (bSlx), n. pi. See Bowl, a ball, a game.
BoWBUUI (bO'mao), n. An archer.
Bow'BUUI (bou'man), n. The man who rows the fore-
most ov in a boat ; the bow oar.
BoWlkOt' (bS'shOf ), n. The distance traversed by
an arrow shot from a bow.
Bowsprit (b«'#prTt), fi. iB<w -f- tpHt.} A spar,
protecting over the stem of a vessel, to carry sail forward.
BBW'StrillC' (-strTngOt n. 1. String of a bow. 2. String
with which Turks strangle felons. — 1>. t. To strangle.
Bob (bSks), n. [AS. ; L. buzus, fr. Or. irv^of . See
Box a case.] A shrub, used for borders in gardens ; also,
a tree whose hard and smooth wood is UMd by turners,
eDgravera, etc.
Bos. H, [AS., a amall case ; akin to OHO. buhsa box,
fr. L. buzusT] 1. A receptacle or case of any Arm mate-
riaL 2. Qnantity that a box contains. 3. An inclosed
rce with seats in a theater. 4. A sm%ll country house.
A tubular bearing for an axle in machinery. 6. The
driver's seat on a ooach. — v. f. 1. To inclose in a box,
or with boarding, lathing, etc. 2. To furnish with boxes.
BoSi f». [Cf. Dan. tnuke to slip, bask blow.] A blow
oo the head or ear with the hand. — «.<.& i. To strike
or fight with the fist ; to spar.
BOS'or, n. One who packs boxes.
BOS'or, n. One who boxes ; a pugilist.
Boalunl' (-hftlO, r. t. To put (a vessel) on the other
tack by veering her short round on her heel.
Bonas, n. L. The inclosing (anything) in a box. 2.
Material for making boxes. 3. A recess ; a casing.
Boslnf , n. A flghting with the fist ; sparring.
Bos'WOOd' (-wd6 10, n. The wood of the box.
Bof (boi), n. [D. i>off.\ A male child ; lad ; son.
Bof'OOtt' (-k5t/), V. t. [Nune of a land agent in Mayo,
Ireland, so treated in 1 880. ] To combine against (a land-
lord, tradesman, etc.). — n. Social and business inter-
diction for coercion. [ing which one is o boy |
Boy^MOd (-h«6d). a. State of being a boy ; timo dur- 1
BOTlsk, a. Resembling a boy in manners or opinions ;
ebildlsh ; trifling ; puerile. — Bojr'isli-ly, adv.
BnVblo (briQ/b*l), V. i, [D. brnbbelen to talk con-
fusedly.] Tb chunor. «- n. A broil ; a wrangle.
BraVoalO (brSk'kftt}, a. [L. braeatut wearing breeches,
fr. brncae breeches.] Fumishad with feathers which con-
ceal the feet.
(bris), n. [OF. , the two arms, embrace, fathom,
fr. L. brftechiu cue arms (stretched out), pi. of braeohium
arm. j 1. A bandage or prop. 2. A cord, rod, strut, sUy,
etc., producing tension. 3. A curved line oonnectlug
printed words or lines, which are to be taken together ;
thus, ^J.^ 1 . 4. A curved instrument or handle for
holding and turning bits, etc ; a bitstock. 6. A pair ; a
couple. 6. pi' Straps to sustain trousers ; suspenders.
— r. t. 1. To furnish with braces ; to support. 2. To
tighten ; to strain ; to strengthen ; to hold firmly.
BmooOot (-ISt), n. [F., dim. of OF. bracel armlet,
dim. of brtu arm, fr. L. braechiutn.} An ornament
clasping the wrist or krm.
Brftohl-al (brSkt-al or briOtT-ol), a. [L. braehialU,
fr. brachium.'} Like, or pertaining to, an arm.
II BrftOhl-mn (brSkt-om), n. [L., arm.] The upper
arm ; the fore limb between ahoulder and elbow.
Bra-ohys^-^y (bri-kTg'ri-fy), n. [Or. fipaxik abort
-f- "i^apAy. J Stenography.
Bnioll'oa(brik"n),n. [AS. frrocce.] A brake or fern.
Braok'ot (-fit), n. [Cf. OF. bracon beam, prop.] 1.
An architectural member projecting from a waU or pier,
to support weight. 2. One of two characters in print-
ing [ ], used to inclose a reference, explanation, or note,
or to indioate an interpolati<m, to supply an omission,
etc. ; — called also crotchet, 3. A gas fixture projecting
from a wall, column, etc. —v. t. To place within brack-
ets ; to connect by brackets ; to furnish with brackets.
Braokllh (-Tsh), a. [D. brak salt.] Saltish, or salt
in a moderate degree, as water in saline soiL
Braet (briOct), ll Bnu/tO« (briQc't«-4), n. [L. bradM
a thin plate of metal or wood, gold foU.I A amall leaf
or scale, whose axil supports a flower stall.
Brad (brSd), a. [Dan. broad prick, sting, brodde frost
nail.] A thin nail, with a slight projection on one side
instead of a head.
Brad awl, an awl to make holes for brads, etc.
Brae i}>^)i f • *' [OE. braggen to blow, boast, fr.
Icel. braka to creak, brak noise, akin to E. break.] To
talk about one*s self or one*s affairs ostentatiously. — m.
1. A boasting ; self glorification. 2. Thing boasted of.
3. A game at cards, resembling poker. — Brac'gor, n.
Syn. — To swagger ; boast; vapor; bluster; vaunt.
nnie'Ca-dO'olo(-gi-dQ'sh«),fi. [A boastful character
in Spenser's ** Faerie Queene."] 1. A braggart; swag-
gerer. 2. Empty boarting ; pretension.
- - - ' *;rt), n. lor
bragard flaunting, brag*
Brag'nrt (-gert), n. [OF. brc
ging.] A boaster. --a. Boastful.
mllllia (brib^mi), n. 1. In Hindoo mythology, the
One First Cause ; one of the triad of Hindoo gods, —
the others being Vishnuj Preserver, and Siva^ De^royer.
2. A large variety of domestic fowl, having the legs well
feathered ; — called also Brahmapootra.
Brall'nail, ) n. A Hindoo of the hiffheat or sacerdotal
Bialiliiiii, I caste.— Bialiliiaii-uai, -mlii-lam,!!.
Braid (brid), v. L [AS. bregdan to move to and fro,
to weave.] To weave, interhM^, or entwine together;
to plait. — n. LA plait formed by Intertwhiing differ-
ent strands. 2. A narrow fabric to bind dresses, etc.
Brail (brSl), n. [OB. brayle furling rope, fr. L.
bracae breeches, —a Gallic word.] 1. A thong to bind
up a hawk*s wing. 2. pi. Ropes to haul up sails, pre-
paratory to furling. — «. /. To haul (up) by the brails;
Brain (brSn), n. [AS. bragen, bnegen.} 1. The soft
mass within the sktill which is the seat of sensation and
perception. 2. The understanding; intellect. — o. t.
To dash out the brains of ; to put an end to.
Bralnloas, a. Without understanding ; silly ; witless.
Braln'pan' (-pSnO* ^ Bones inclosing the brain;
skull ; cranium.
BiakO (brik), n. [Cf. AS. bracce fern.] 1. A fern,
common in almost all countries. 2. A thicket.
I BiakO, n. [Cf. LG. brake a brake (1), akin to
fftm, recent, 6rb, r^de, f yil, Am, food, f«A>t, out, oil, eliair, bo, sine lok, tben, Uiln.
BRAKEMAN
74
BREAK
E. break.'] 1. An instrument to break the woody nut
of flax oriiemp ao as to separate it from the fiber. 2. A
handle to work a munp. 3. Frame confining a horae while
being shod. 4. Heavy harrow to break clods after plow-
ing ; a drag. 6. A mechanism for retarding or stopping
motion by friction.
BaJuihaOMai (briOi'man), n. One in cluu;ge of brakes
on a railroad car, etc., or of the winding (or hoistii^)
engine for a mine. [ferns ; rough ; thorny, i
BOJaf i-f), a. Full of brakes, brambles, shrubs, or I
BralBA (bril'mi), n. Brahma.
BnUBlllO (brXm'bU), n. [AS. brmmbel, akin to E.
broom.'] A plant of the genus including the raspberry
and blackberry ; any prickly shrub. — Bramnnly, a,
^ 'mill (bra'mln), etc. See Brahman, etc.
I (brftn), n. [F., fr. Celtic] The broken coat of
grain, separated from the flour.
BniMUl (br4nch), n. [F. branchr^ fr. LL. branca c
of a bird or beast of prey.] 1. A slioot growiug from
the stem or bough of a pluit. 2. A part connectml with
the main body of a thing ; section or subdivision.
Syn. — Bough; limb ; shoot ; offshoot ; twig ; sprig.
«-a. Diverging from, or tributary to (a main stock, hue,
way, theme, etc.). — «.<.& i. To divide ; to ramify.
II Bran'OllI^ (brKQncT-4), n. ; pi. -crub (^). [L., fr.
Or. ^pavxta, pL of fi^6.yx%ov.] A gill ; respiratory organ
by which aquatic animals breathe air contained in water.
— Bnn'clii-al, Bnn'ohl-ate, a.
Branohlat (briuch'.St), n. A little branch ; twig.
Branoh^, a. Full of branches ; having wide-spread-
ing branches ; consisting of branches.
Brand (brftnd), n. [AS., brand, sword, fr. byman to
bum.] 1. A piece of wood bumiug or partly burnt. 2.
A sword. 3. A mark bunted with a hot iron or made with
a stencil, etc. ; oualitv ; kmd ; grade. 4. A mark of in-
famy; stigma, o. A branding iron. 6. A minute fungus
producing a burnt appearance in plants. — > r. t 1. To
bum, or put, a mark upon, to indicate ouality, ownership,
etc., or to mark as infamous. 2. To Ax a stigma upon.
Bnn'dtod (brIn'dTd), a. Miugled, flavored, or treated
with brandy.
Brail'dlUi (-dTsh), V. t. [F. bmwiir^ f r. brtrnd sword.]
To wave, as a vreapon ; to shake or flourish. — n. A flour-
ish, as with a weapon, whip, etc.
Brand'-now' (brSnd'nu'), a. Quite new ; bright as
if fresh from the forge.
Bran'dy (brin'dy), n. [Orig. brandyitinf, D. bran-
detpijny fr. p. p. of Aram/^n to bum, distill -f- wijn wine.]
Strong alcoholic liquor distilled from wine, also from
other liquors, and from cider, peaches, and grain.
Bran'gle (brSn'g'l), n. [Scot, brangle to shake, men-
ace; prob. a varfant of trrangfe, confused with bratrL]
A wrangle ; squabble. — r. i. To wrangle ; to squabble.
Bran'-new' (brSn'nu^), n. Brand-new.
Bran'liy (brln'n]^), a. Like or containing brtn.
Brant (brlnt), n. [Cf. Brest, Bhrniclk.] A species
of wild goose ; — called also hrent and branif goone.
Braih (briUh), a. [Cr. Oael. bra»^ Q. bnrxch harsh,
sharp, impetuous.] Hrwty in temper ; ira{>etuous.
nraish, a. [Cf. Arm. brfsk^ briixk^ fragile, brittle.]
Brittle, as wood or vegetables. IColloq. , U. S. ] — n. 1. A
rash or emption; sudden or transient fit of sickness.
2. Refuse boughs of trees. 3. Broken fragments of
rocks nnderlying alluvial deposits. 4. Fragments of ice.
Bn'aier, Bra'Zler (brS'zhSr), n. [F. bmijif coals.]
1. A worker in brass. 2. Pan to hold burning coals.
Braaa (br&s), n. [AS. br^s.] 1. An allov of copper
and line. 2. Impudence ; a braxen face. ICol/oq.] 3.
pi. Utensils, ornaments, etc., of brass.
Braaa^ (bH»fS)^ a. l. Pertaining to braw; like
brass, in nature, appearance, hardness, etc. 2. Impu-
dent ; bold. — Brasal-nesa, n.
Brat (brSt), n. [AS. bratt cloak, fr. Celtic; prop., a
child's bib.] A child ; — used contemptuously.
I Brm-^rrn'Oo (brA-vI^dft), n. [8p. bromada boMfc, brag.]
I Boastful and threatening behavior ; a boastful menace.
{ BraTe (brSv), a. [F. ; It. or Sp. bravOf orig^ fierce.]
I Bold ; intrepid ; — oppoeed to cotcardl^f.
, Syn. — Courageous; daring; valiant; bold: heroic;
dauntless: high-ai^ted; stout-hearted* See Oallavt.
I — n. 1. A brave person. 2. Indian warrior. 3. A bully.
— V. t. To encounter boldly ; to dare. — Brava^ly* odv.
I Brav'ar-y (-ir-j^), n. L Fearleaaness; intrepidity.
2. Splendor ; magnifloenoe ; ostentation ; fine dress.
Syn. — Intrepidity; gallantry; valor; fearlessneaa;
hardihood ; manfulneaa. S6e Coubaob, and Hasomi.
Bra'TO (bra'vi), n. [It. See Beavb, a.] A daring
villain ; bauidit ; professional assassin.
BraTO (brii'vft), interi. [It] Well done I exceUent !
Brawl (bqil), V. i. WE. braulen to quarrel, boast;
cf. W. brawl boast.] 1. To quarrel noisily mmI out-
rageously. 2. To scold. 3. To make a confused noise,
as water of a rapid stream running over atones.
Syn.— To wrangle ; squabble ; contend.
— n. A noisy quarrel ; wrangle. — Biawl'tr, n.
Syn. — Noise ; quarrel ; uproar ; row ; tumult.
Brawn (brf^n), n. [OF. braoH fleshypart, muscle.]
1. Full, strong muscles ; strength. 2. rioah of a boar.
Brawny {-f)t a. Having Itu^, strong muscles.
Syn. — MusctUar : fleshy ; strong ; sinewy ; robust.
way (br£), r. t. [OF. breier to pound, grind, f r. OHG.
brehhan to break.] To pound, beat, rub, or nind flue.
Bray, v. i. [v. braire to bray, fr. LL. bragire to
whinny.] To utter a loud, harsh noise, --n. The harsh
cry of an ass ; any grating or discordant sound.
Braie (bri^), v. t. [F. brnger to solder.] To aoldw
with hard solder, esp. with an alloy of copper and sine
Braae, i*. t. [as. braeMtm.] To cover with brass.
Bralen (bri'z'n), a. 1. Pertaininff to. made of, or
like brass. 2. Sounding harsh and loud. 3. Impudent.
— r. t. To carry through shamelessly. — Bra'MB4y, odv,
Braller (bil'shSr), «t. Brasier.
Breadl (brSch), n. [AS. frrtc«,fr. drecon tobreak.] 1.
A breaking ; infraction of a law, oUigatlon, or tie ; vio-
I lation. 2. A gap ; breiUc ; rupture. 3. A breaking of
I waters ; surf. 4. A breaking off friendship. » v. t. Tn
make a breach or openhiff in.
Syn. — Rent : cleft : chasm : rift ; fracture ; rapture ;
infraction ; infringement ; violation ; quarrel ; diiqpute ;
contention : difference ; mLsunderstanding.
Breadl^ <-j^), a. Apt to break fences or to break out
of pasture ; unruly ; — s^d of cattle.
Bread (br«d), n. [AS. bre&dA 1. An artkle of food
made by baking flour or meal. 2. Food ; sustenance.
Bread com, grain of which bread is made.
Braadtrnlt' (bHSd'frut/), n. 1. Fmit of a tree of the
Pacific islands, esp. the
South Sea islands, whicli,
when baked, somewhat re-
sembles bread. 2. Tlie
tree itself, from whose
bark cloth Is made, while
the timber is used for
many purposes.
Bread'>tnff'(-stttf0.r>.
Grain, flour, or meal of
which bread is made.
Breadth (brSdth), n.
[AS. brffdu, fr. brad
broad.] Distance from
side to side ; width.
Breadth'wiseC-wtz),
BreadthMraya (wti).
adr. In the direction of
the breadth.
Break (brak), r. t. [imp. Brokb (brSk), {Obt. Bkao) ;
p. p. Broken (br5^'n), \Obt. Bsokb) \ p. pr. & vb. n,
Brrakivo.] [AS. brecan.'tMn to tt. /rangert.] 1. To
sever by fracture ; to divide violently. 2. To lay open ;
Breadfruit. A branch with
fruit and a >pike of flowers.
^ e, I, S^ O, lon^ : ft| 6, 1, 5, a, ^, short ; senftte, dvent, tdea, ftbey, finite, c4re, i&nn, &sk, ^\^ fln«U
BREAKABLE
75
BREVITY
to disckwe. S. To TioUte (an obUntion). 4. To inter-
rupt; to diMohre or terminate. 6. To disorder; to shatter.
6. Tb dimlniah the force of (a fall or blow^. 7. To iin-
nurt (newa) ; to broach. 8. To tame ; to diadpline. 0.
To bankrupt ; to ruin. 10. To oaahier ; to diamiaa.
Sjn.— Todiaoart; rend: tear; shatter; batter; tIo-
lato ; infringe ; aenu^ish ; <fostro7 ; burst ; dislocate.
— ff. <. 1. To diTide into pieces. 2. To come to riew ;
to appear. 3. To burst forth. 4. To become weakened
or orerwhelmed. 6. To become bankrupt. 6. To change
suddenly. 7. To terminate friendship.— n. 1. A frac-
ture. flC Interruption; pause. 3. Dawn. 4. A kind of
heavy carriam. 6. A brake.
Bnak'ft-Dlt (brik'A-b'l), a. Capable of being broken.
Bnak'af* (-Vi), ». 1. A breaking ; a break ; articles
broken. 2. Compensation for things broken.
Bnak'dOWII' (-doun'), n. 1. A breaking down \ down-
faU. 2. A noisy duice.
Bnt^mi-^hn. 1. One that breaks. 2. A machine
for breaUnff rocks or coaL 3. A small water cask. 4. A
waTe breakliag into foam against the shore.
BlMklast(bi«k'fast),n. [Break -{-/asi.) First meal
in the day. — v. i. To break one^s fast in the morning ;
to eat the first meal. — v. t. To furnish with breakfast
I (briDc'man), n. Brakemi^i.
r (-nBkOi n. A faU, or steep place, en-
dangering the neck. —a. Headlong ; rapid.
BrMi^-vp' (-&p')« n. A separation and dispersion.
Brtak'Wft'tar (-wf^tSr), n. A structure to break the
force of wares, and protect from their violence.
BMfll (br9m), n. [F. brime^ of German origin.] A
food fish, of many species, of fresh and salt water.
BrwUBI, V. t. [Ci. Bboom.] To clean (a ship*s bottom
of adherent diells, seaweed, etc.).
BrtlSt (bHSst), n. [AS. bredtt."] 1. Fore part of che
body, between neck and belly; chest. 2. One of the
glaoas in the female of man and some other mammalia,
secreting milk to nourish the young ; mamma ; teat. 3.
Beet of the affections and passions ; heart, —v. t. To
meet, with the breast ; to oppose manfully.
BraflfltlMnM' (-bSnOt ^- Bone of the breast ; sternum.
BrMSfplB' (-pTn^), ft. A pin worn on the breast for
a fastening, or for ornament ; a brooch.
BrMUItfplatO'(-plIt'),n. 1. A plate of metal oorering
the breast as defensire armor. 2. A piece a^nst which
the worfcanan presses his breast in operatmg a breast
drill or similar tod. 3. A strap across a horse^s breast.
BrttSf^loW ) (-plouO, n. Plow to cut turf, driren
Bt— l^ptottgh^ I by the workman's breast.
BWfKwoifc^ (-wdrk' ), n. A low parapet for defense.
BiMtll (brSth), n. [AS. brM9 odor, scent, breath.]
L. Air inhaled and exhaled in respiration. 2. A bre.-%th-
tng naturally or freely. 3. Power of respiration ; life.
4. Time to breathe ; pause. 6. A single respiration ; an
faMtant. 6. A very slight breexe.
BiMtk'a-llle (brSth'A-bn), a. Such as can be breathed.
BlMtlM (brSm), v. u 1. To respire ; to live. 2. To
take breath; to rest from action. 3. To exhale; to blow
E*>.— V. /. 1. To respire. 2. To inject by breath-
to infuse. 3. To utter softly ; to whisper. 4. To
e ; to emit (breath). 6. To promote free resf^ ra-
tion in ; to exercise. 0. To suffer to take breath ; to
rest. 7. To pot out of breath ; to exhaust.
BrMltkiBg, n. L. Respiration. 2. Aspiration. 3.
Breathing place ; vent. 4. Pause ; delay. 6. The sound
of the outgoing breath in the throat, mouth, etc. ; sound
expressed >y the letter A. 6. A mark used over vowels
in Greek, to indicate aspiration or its absence.
BnaXtklmm (brethOSs), a. l. Spent with violent
action; out of breath. 2. Holding the breath, on ac-
coont of fear, expectation, or intense interest. 3. Dead.
DBrM'0la(bT«t'chA),n. [It., breach, pebble.] Rock
eomposed of angular fragments united by a cement.
"" 1 (brSd), imp. &. p. p. of Bebbo.
Braooll (brSch or brTch), n. [See BaxicBn.] 1. The
lower part of the body behind. 2. Hinder part of a can-
non, firearm, etc. » v. f. 1. To furnish with breecheaor
a breech. 2. To fasten with breeching.
Breeoh'M (brTcb'Sz), II. pL [AS. bree, pi. of brOe
breech, breeches.] A garment worn by men, covering
the hips and tliighs ; smallclothes.
BraMhlng (brTchTng), n. 1. A whipping on Uie
breech. 2. Part of a buiiess passing round a horse^s
breech, and enabling him to hold back a vehicle. 3. A
rope limiting the recoil of a gun when it is discharged.
BTMOhaaAd'cr (brSchlSd'Sr or brTch'-), ». A fire-
arm loaded at the breech. — BraMh'-laAd'llIf, a.
BrMd (br3d), v. /. [imp, & p. p. Bkbo (brSd) ; p. pr.
& vb. n. Brkkoino.1 [AS. hredan to nourish, fr. brbd
brood.] 1. To produce as offspring ; to bring forth ; to
liatoh. 2. To nurse and foster ; to train. 3. To en-
gender ; to cause. 4. To raise, as any kind of stock.
8yn. — To engender ; generate ; beget ; produce ;
hatch ; originate ; bring up ; nourish ; train ; instruct.
— r. t. 1. To bear and nourish young; to reproduce
itself ; to be pregnant. 2. To be generated, or to grow.
•— n. A race or variety ; sort ; kind. — BrMd'MT, n.
BrMdlBC; fi. 1. A generating or bearing. 2. Nur-
ture; education. 3. Deportment; behavior.
Syn. — Education ; instruction ; nurture ; training ;
manners. See Eddcatioh.
Braait (brSs), n., BrMM'
TLy (fiiO. [AS. bri6»a ; perh.
akin to G. brummen to buxs.1
A fly which busses about anl-
mala and torments them by
sucking their blood; horsefly;
gadfly. [Wntten also breete
and bmeJ}
BraaM, n. [F. brUe ;
akin to It. brezxa breese.] 1. A light, gentle wind. 2. An
excited state of feeling ; disturbance ; quarreL [Colloq. ]
BraaM, n. [F. braUe cinders.] 1. Refuse left in
making coke or burning charcoal. 2. Refuse coal, aahea,
and cinders, used In burning bricks.
BraaTy (brSz^), a. 1. Having breeses; airy. 2.
Fresh ; brisk ; full of life.
Brant (brSut), n. A brant.
Bratll'ran (breth'rSn), n. ; pi. of Bbothxr, — used in
solemn address, and in speaking of sects, fraternities, etc.
Brat'on (brlfttn), a. [F.] ReUting to Brittany, or
Bretagne, in France.— n. A native of Brittany; the
ancient language of Brittany ; Armorican.
~ " '• " AbritxslEa.
European Breese.
(br6t), n.
\ (br^v), n. [It.; fr. L. brevit short. Sea
Bbixf.] 1. A musical note equivalent to four fL^f
minims. 2. A curved mark ["] used, in printing, -H^f
to note the short quantity of a vowel.
Bra-Tat' (brt-vStO, n. [F, ; fr. L. brtrU.^ A mili-
tary commission giving an oflBcer higher rank tlum that
for which he receives pay; honorary promotion. «- v. f.
Topromote by brevet. — a. Holding rank by brevet.
BraM-a-ry (brS'vT-t-ry), n. [L. breviarium sum-
mary, abridgment, fr. brefis."] 1. An abridgment; a
rammaiy. 2. A book containing the dally prayers of the
Roman Catholic or Greek Church.
Bra-¥lar' (brt-vSr'), n. [Prob. orig. used in printing a
bretHfirp.^ A size of type between bourgeois and minion.
2;^" This line is printed in brevier type.
Brar'i-pan'&ata (br6v'T-p8n'ntt), a. [L. bretfis +
penna wing.] Short- winged ;— applied to birds having
wings too short to fly with, as the ostrich, emu, etc.
^aT'i-roa'tral (-riJe'trll), \ a, [L. brevu -\- E. rot-
BraT'i-rostrata (-rSs'trit), J fraf, ro*irate.'\ Short-
billfid ; having a short beak.
Bravl-ty (-tj^), n. [L. breiHta*, fr. brevu.l 1. State
of being brief. 2. Contraction into few words.
Syn. — Shortness ; conciseness ; succinctness.
fBra, ieo«Dt, 6rb, r^de, f yll, ikm, food, ftfbt, out, oil, cliair, f^ aiiiBi i|»k, then, tbin.
BREW
76
BRISK
(brn), V. /. [AS. breStPon.'] 1. To prepare
(beer or (^her liquor) from malt and bops, or otber ma-
terials, by steeping, boilinf^, and fermentation. 2. To
eoococt ; to contrive ; to plot. — v. i. 1. To moke beer.
2. To be in a state of preparatiouj forming, or gathering.
«-». A mixture formed by brewmg. — TOBW^, n.
Br«W'ag» (bni'ij)^- Malt liquor ; drink brewed.
BraWMr-y (-8r-]^), snm'hOUf (-houa^), n. A place
and apparatus where brewing is carried on.
Bnwinc, n. 1. The preparins brewed liquors. 2.
Quantity brewed at once. 3. A mLdng together. 4. A
gathering of a storm or iquaU.
Bll'ar (bri'Sr), n. Brier.
Brflya-Ue (briVA-bn), a. Capable of being bribed.
Bribe (biib), n. [F., lump of bread, scraps given to
a beggar.] 1. A gift to corrupt one in a position of
trust. 2. Seduction; aUurement— r. t. & i. To cor-
rupt or accomplish by gifts. — BrtlKcr, n.
tab'tr-y, n. A drtng or taking bribes.
Brio'-A-teao' (brTk'AA>rSkO, n. [F.] MisoeUaneoua
curiosities ; knickknacks, etc.
Brick (brTk), n. [F. brique.l 1. A block of clay
tempered, molded and sun^ried or burnt. 2. Bricks,
collectively. 3. A good fellow. [Slangl^'V. I. To lay,
pave, surround, or construct witli bricks.
BriokHMt' (brTkOCtO, n. A fragment of a brick.
Briok'kllll' (-kTlO. n. A kiln, or furnace, in which
l^cks are baked or burnt.
BriAOartr (-irSr). n. A buUder with bHcks.
BriokOay'llIf , n. A building with bricks.
Briok^Ollka-wiirkO.n. 1. Anything made of bricks.
2. A building with bricks.
Brfd'al (brid'al), a. Pertaining to a bride, or to a
wedding ; nuptial, —n. A nuptial festival ; a marriage.
Brida (brid), n. [AS. 6ry(/.] A woman newly mar-
ried, or alxrat to be married.
Bnte'grOQIII' (•grSdm'), n. [AS. brpdauma ; brjfd -}-
ffuma man.] A roan newly married, or about to marry.
BridM'taald' (brids'mid'^, n. A female friend at-
tending on a bride at her wedding.
Btkua^BUJk (-man), ». A male friend attending a
bride«room and bride at their marriage ; the ** bei«t man."
Brlda'weil (brid'wSl), n. A house of correction ; —
from a hospital near Si. BrideU (or Bridget^s) wellf in
London, subsequently a penal workhouse.
Bridm (brTi), n. [AS. brycg, brieg.] 1. A structure
over ariver, chasm, nilroad, etc., to make a passageway
from one bank to the other. 2. A support. — r. L To
build a bridge on or over.
Bri'dle (bri'd'l), n. [AS. bridel.) 1. Tlie head gear
for managing a horse. 2. A restraint ; curb ; check. —
v.L 1. To put a bridle upon (a horse). 2. To restrain,
guide, curb, or controL — v. <. To hold up the head, and
draw in the chin, to express pride, scorn, or resentment.
Brldls path, road, traek, or way, a narrow road for saddle
horses or pack animals, but not for vehicles.
Bri«f(br8f),a. iV. brief, bre/, fr, L. bretns.l 1. Short
in duntion. 2. Concise ; terse ; succinct.
8yn, — Short : concise ; succinct ; summary ; compen-
dious ; condensed ; terse ; curt ; transitory ; short-lived.
— n. 1. A concise writing; a statement in few words.
2. An epitome. 3. A concise legal statement of a cli-
ent's case or of the heads of a law argument. •- v, t.
To make an abstract or abridgment of ; to shorten.
Brieflass, a. Having no brief ; without clients.
Briefly, adv. Concisoly ; in few words.
Brieffnen, n. The being brief ; conciseness ; brevity.
Bri'er, Brt'er (bri'Sr), n. [AS. brir, brmrA A plant
with a slender woody stem bearing stout prickles.
Brt'er-y, a. Full of briers; thorny.— n. A place
where bHers grow.
Brif(brTg).n. Abridge. [Scot.-]
Brie, ^* [Abbr. fr. Bbiqaktins.] A two-masted,
square-rigged vessel.
Bri-fade' (brT-gidO, n. [F. ; fr. It. brigaia troop,
crew, brigade, fr. briga quarrel. See Bbioand.] A
body of troops larger than a regiment, under command
of a brigadier general. — v. t. To form into brigades.
Bric'a-dler cen'er-el. The military officer in rank
next above a colonel, and below a major general.
Bl^and (brTg'and), n. [F., fr. LL. brigans light-
armedsoldier, fr. brigare to contend, fr. briga quarrel.]
One of a band of robbers ; highwayman ; freebooter. —
BriCend-efe, n.
Brifan-^e (in-tin), n. [F. brigantin, tt. It. brigan-
Hno a piratical vessel. See Buoako.] 1. Orig., e pirat-
ical vessel. 2. A two-masted, square-rigged veeael, like
a brig except that she does not carry a square mainsail
Bnght (brit), a. [AS. beorht^ brihL\ L. Shining ;
luminoua. 2. Transmitting light ; clear. 3. Having cou-
spicuoos or attractive qualities ; resplendent. 4. Having
a clear, quick intellect. 3. Sparkling with wit ; shedding
Joy around. —Bright, Brightly, adv.
Syn. — Shining, splendid; brilliant; effulgent; radi-
ant ; sparkling ; glittering ; lucid ; beamy ; clear ; trana-
parent : illustrious : witty ; clever ; vivacious ; sunny.
Brighfea (brit^n), v. t. & i. To make or become
bright or brighter.
BrighfUeaa,^. 1. A being bright; splendor; clears
ness. 2. Acuteness (of the faculties) ; sharpness of wtt.
Srn. — Splendor ; luster; radiance; resplendence;
brilliancy ; etfulgence ; glory ; deameea.
Brill (brll), n. fCi^. Com. brOli mackerel, fr. briih
speckled.] A f ood fish alUed to the turbot
BrilOlaB-oy (brTl'yan-sJ^), BriUlanoe (-yons), n. The
being brilliant ; splendor ; great brightness.
BrilOlant (-yant), a. [F. briUttnt, p. pr. of brOler to
sparkle, fr. L. beryllut a beryl.] 1. Sparkling; very
bright. 2. Having adminUile qualities ; splendid.
Syn. — See Shihiho.
— n. LA diamond or other gem cut Into faces and
facets. 2. Smallest type used m English printing.
or TMi Km h fHatad la %Im Irv* «IM BrilUMl.
3. A kind of cotton goods, figured in the weaving.
BrilUanMieM, n. Brilliancy ; glitter.
Brim (brim), n. [AS. brymme edge, border.] 1. Rim
or upper edge of a cup, dish, or hollow vessel. 2. Bdge
or nutfgin ; brink ; border. 3. Rim of a hat. — r. t. To
be full to the brim. ~ v. t. To fill to the top.
Brimful' (brTm^fyl^), a. Full to the brim; com-
pletely full ; ready to overflow.
Brim'mer (-men, n. A brimful bowl ; a bumper.
Brim'atone (brIm'stSn), n. [OE. brinuton, bernsion^
brenston. See Bdrh, v. I., and Srom.] Sulphur. --a.
Made of, or pertaining to, brimstone.
Brin'ded (brTnMSd), a. [Icel. brdndWr brindled, fr.
brandr brand.] Of a gray or taa-ny color with darker
streaks; streaked; brindled.
Brin'dle fbrTn'dn), n. 1. SUte of being brinded.
2. A brinded color ; that which is brinded. — Brill'dlei
Brin'dled (-dnd), a.
Brine (brin), n. [AS. brgne a burning, salt liquor,
brine, fr. brinnany byrnan^ to bum.] 1. Water strongly
impregnated with salt ; pickle. 2. The ocean ; the water
of an ocean, sea, or salt lake. 3. Tears. •- r. t. 1. To
steep in brine. 2. To sprinkle with salt or brine.
Brliur (bring), v. t. (imp. & p, p. BaouQirr (br^t) ; p.
pr. & vb. n. BBiifoiBoj [AS. bringan.} 1. To bear or
convey to ; to f etclu 2. To maJce to come. 3. To carry
or conduct. 4. To procure in exchange ; to sell for.
Syn. — To fetch; bear; carry; convey; transport;
import ; procure : produce ; cause ; adduce ; induce.
Brtn'iah (briuTsh), n. Like brine ; somewhat salt.
Brink (brink), n. [Dan., edge, rerfe ; akin to Sw.
brink, W. bryh hill.] Edge of a precipice ; bank of a
rivpr or pit ; verge ; border. [salt. |
Brin'y ( brin'y ), a. Pert« in ing to brine, or to the sea ; |
Briak (brisk), a. [Cf. W. bryjtg, fr. brys haste, Gael.
briogg quick, lively.] 1. Full of livelineM and activity.
ft, i, I, S, a, long ;&,«,!, 6, tt, 5*, short ; senate, «vent, tdea, dbey, finite, c&re, iirm, &sk, |pl, finaL
BBISEET
77
BBOOE
& FnU of Ufo; tflerrMelng; mrkUnff . — Blfttt^
(brlakOy), adv. - BlllkiMM, ».
Stu. — ActiTe; lirely; acUe : alert; nimbl«( quick;
•pr^thr; TiTadotu; gAj: spirited; animated.
BrUKibt (brls^k), n. [OF. 6ru«ci^.l The breast of
an aoimal from the fore legs back beneath the ribs.
Bllalto (brTs'aU), n. [A& brisU, bynt.} A short,
■tiff, coarse hair, as on the back of swine or on plants. —
tr. I. &i. To stand erect and stiff.— Brls^y(-alj^), a.
BitelOl (brTs^lil), n. An English city and seaport.
Bristol board, fine pasteboard, having a smooth sorface.
— Bristol brick, a brick of silioeoas matter used for polish-
insootlerT.
^M-tBraft-A (brT-tin'nT-4), n. [L., Great Britain.] A
white-metal alloy of tin, antimooy, bismoth, copper, etc.
Bil.tBn'nlo C-nTk), a. British.
Blinill(brTtash).a. Pertaining to Orwit Britafai, its
tnhrtrftants, or its onginal inhabitanta. »n. pi. People
of Great Britain.
BriUfm, (brTt^On), n. A native of Grwit Britain.
BrtrOft (brlt^n), a. [AS. hryUian to dispense, fr.
hreSian to break.] Baslly broken ; frafflle ; not tough.
kB(brIe'kA),n. [Ross. 6r«#AJto ; PoL ftryc«*a.]
A long trareUng carriage, with calash top.
t (brU), n. The breese fly.
Iril (brOoh), n. [F. broehej fr. LL. brocca,} A
tapering tool: a spit; a pin. «-v. t. 1. To pierce as
with a spit. a. To Up ; to let out ; to shed (blood). 3.
Td make public ; to introduce as a topic of conversation.
4. To enlarge or dress(a hole) by uslug a broach.
BnMd (brad^ a. [AS. brdd; akin to G. breit. Of.
Bbbadth.! 1. wide : extended in breadth ; —opposed to
narrow. 2. Extensive ; vast. 3. Diffused ; open ; full.
4. Not limited ; not restrained ; comprehensive ; liberal ;
6. Plain ; evident. 6. Gross ; coarse ; indeli-
' 7. Btronglv marked.
i gaage, a distance between the rails of a nilroad
wMer than the V standard " gauge of 4 feet 8 1-2 inches.
__ jsd ssaL pubUc seal of a country or state.
Syn. — Wide ; large ; ample ; expanded ; spacious ;
roomy ; extensive ; vast ; comprehensive ; liberal.
BrOAd'ar \ (•&•'), n. 1. An ancient battle-ax. 2.
BrOAd'uW ) A broad-edged ax to hew timber.
BrOBd'oast^ (-k&st^). n. A casting seed hi aU direo-
tSoDS, as from the hand in sowing, —a. 1. Dispersed in
all directions ; widelv diffused. 2. Scattering in all di-
rections (as a method of sowing) : — opposed to planting
in hills, drills, or rows. — adv. So as to spread widely.
BrOBd'olOtB (-kl5th), n. Fine smooth-faced woolen
doth for men's garments, usually of double width (t. #.,
a yard and a half). [broader. I
BrOBd'Ml (-*n), v.L&i. To grow or make broad, or |
gnwUny, adv. In a broad manner.
BriMd'BaiM, n. A being broad ; breadth ; grossness.
BrOBd'glAo' (-ddO> n. 1. The side of a ship above
ttie water line, from bow to quarter. 2. A discharge
from aU the guns on one side of a ship, at the same
time. 3. A sheet of paper containing one Hrge pa^e.
BnMld'BWOrt' (-■Srd')* n. A sword with a broad
blade and cutting edge ; daymore.
BrO-oadB' (bro-kld'), n. [Sp. brocado, f r. LL. broearf
to prick, to figure (textile fabncs), to stitch.] Silk stuff,
woven with gold, diver, flowers, foliage, etc.
BnKOad'M (-kid^), a. 1. Woven or worked, as bro-
cade, a. Dressed in brocade.
Bro^oagt (brdnctj), n. Brokerage.
Broyoo-ll (brBk'k^lT), n. [It. , pi. of brocccio sprout.]
A plant of the Cabbage spedes, resembliiiK cauliflower.
H Bro-ohOIB' (br«-«h9r'), n. [F. , f r. brocher to stitch. ]
A book of a few leaves ; pamphlet.
Brook (br5k), n. [AS. broc.^ A badger.
Bro'gUI (brO'gXn), n. A stout, coarse shoe ; a brngnn.
Brono (brSg), n. [Ir. & Gael, brog shoe, hoof.] 1.
A stout, coarse shoe ; brogan. 2. A dialectic pronuncia-
tion ; e^., the Irish manner of pronouncing English.
(brdl), n. [F. brcuiUer to dlaorder, from LL.
brogiltUf brouut^ thicket] A noisy quarrel ; discord.
Syn. — C<mtention ; fray ; affray : tumult ; altercaticn ;
dissension ; discord ; contest ; coimict ; brawl ; uproar.
Broil, V. t. [OF. bruillir^ fr. bruir to broil, bum.]
1. To cook over coals or upon a gridiron. 2. To sabject
tojpeat heat. — V. i. To be gre«tly heated.
BraU'tr, n. 1. One who broils, or cooks l^ broiling.
2. A gridiron or other utensil used in broiling.
BraliBg. a. Sxoesdvdy hot. ~ n. The causing any-
thing to broU.
BlO'kaco(br5nctj), n. Brokerage.
Brokt, imp. & p. p. of Bbbak.
Bro'kan (brSOc^i), a. [Fr. break.} 1. Separated by
violence; divided into fragments. 2. Disconnected;
rough ; uneven. 3. Fractured ; strdned apart. 4. Hade
infirm or weak, bv disease, age, or hardships. 6. Sub-
dued ; contrite. 6. Subjugated ; trained for use. 7. Not
adhered to ; violated. 8. Ruined financially ; incapable
of paying debts. 0. Imperfectiy spoken, as by a f orenpier,
or from emotion. — Bro^kiB-lTt adv.
BlO'kMl-llMUt'ad (-hUrtOSd), a. Having the spirits
depressed or crushed by grief or despair.
B jn. — Disconsolate ; heurt-broken ; forlorn.
ad(-wTnd'Sd),a. Having short breath
or disordered respiration, as a horse.
BnKker (brSOiSr), n. [OB. brocour^ fr. AS. brUean
to use.] One who transacts budness for another ; agent.
Bromr-BSe (-tj), n. 1. Budness of a broker. 2
Fee or commission for transacting budness as a broker.
Bro'BIB (brS'mi), n. [NL. , f r. Gr. fipM^ut food, fiififm-
tTMiv to eat.] 1. Aliment ; food. 2. A light form of
prepared cocoa (or cacao), or the drink made from it.
Bro'Bud (-mal), n. [.Bromine -f- oMehyde.] An oily,
colorless fluid, obtdned by action of bromine on alcohoL
Bro'BlBte (-mftt), n. A salt of bromic acid.
Bro'BUIto (-mat), v. i. To combine with bromine.
Bro^mido (-mid or -mid), n. A compound of bromine
with a more podtive radical.
Bro'nilBe(-mTn or -mSn),n. [Gr. ^owmoc stink.] One
of the chemical dements, related to cnlorine and iodine.
It is a reddish brown liquid of very disagreeable odor.
II BrOB'clll (brSnncI), n. pi. See Bbonchus.
II BrOB'Olll-B (-kT-4), n. pi. pYL., fr. Gr. Pp^ui, pi.
Cf. Bboncrus.] The tubes which arise from the branch-
ing of the trachea. — Bnm'clll-Al, Bnm'ClllO (-kTk), a.
BrOB-oU'tlB (briSn-ki'tTs), n. IBronchut + -aU.]
Inflammation of the bronchial tubes.
BrOB'(dlO (brSnOtd), n. [Sp. bronco rough, wild.] A
small native, or llexican, horse. [ Western V. ^.1
Bron'ClUHyde (-sa), n. [Gr. ^poyxoKifAi} ; pp^oc
windpipe -j-ic^Ai} tumor.] Goiter.
BrOB-ollOt'O-niy (br5n-k0t^-mj^), n. An incision into
the windpipe or larynx.
U Broa'OBBB (bronOcfis), n. ; pi. Bbohcri (-ki). [KL..
fr. Gr. /3p<S7x<K windpipe.] One of the subdividons of
the trachea ; esp., one of the two jprimarv divisions.
Bronae (br&is or brSnz), n. [F., fr. It. bronzo^ prob.
fr. bruno brown.] 1. A red alloy of copper, thi, etc.,
used for statues, bells, cannon, etc 2. A statue, bust,
etc., cast in bronse. 3. A reddish brown color; pig-
ment or powder for imitating bronze.— v. /. To give
the appeo^rance of bronze to.
I (brSch), n. [See Broach, n.] A breastpin.
Brood (br55d), n. [AS. brOd. Cf. Bbxbd.] 1. The
young birds hatched at one time ; a hatch. 2. The young
from the same dam; children of the same m<^er;
offspring.— a. 1. Sitting or inclined to dt on eggs.
2. Kept to breed from.— v. i. 1. To dt on and cover
eggs or young, to warm and protect them ; to dt quieUy,
as if brooding. 2. To thhik continuoudy or moodily on
a subject : to be in a state of gloomy, serious thought.
Brook (brd6k), n. [AS. brOc.] A natural stream of
water smaller than a river or creek.
f«m, reomt, drb, r^de, f ^, Am, food, fo^ot, oat, oil, duOr, bo, dziBi ink, tben, Udn.
BROOK
78
BUCKBOARD
Brook (brd6k), r. /. [AS. biHcan.} To bear ; to eu-
to put up with ; to tolerate.
' ;att (-let}, n. AsmaUbrook.
1 (bWS&iu), n. [AS. brdm.} H. A plant having
twigs that mar be bound together and used to sweep
with. 2. An implement for sweeping floors, etc.
Brooai oom, a variety of sorghum having a Jointed stem,
like maise, used to make brooms.
Broom'Stlck' (-8tTkO» n. Handle of a broom.
Broom^ (brS&m'y), a. Pertaining to broom.
Brom (brSth), fi. [AS. frro^.] Liquid in which flesh
has been boiled ; thin soup.
I'el (brStfaOn), n. [AS. bre^San to ruin.] A
bouse frequented by prostitutes.
BroUftr (brtttfa^r). n. [AS. brOdor.l 1. A son of
the same parents. 2. One akin by rank, profession, etc.
BroCh'tr-hOOd (-hd6d ), n. 1. The sUte ot being brotiten
or a brother. 2. An association or fraternity.
Srn. — Fraternity ; association ; fellowsliip ; sodality.
noth'tr-lll'-UW (-Tn-lf/), n. ; pi. Bkothuu-in-law.
Brother of one's husband or wife ; husband of cue's hibter.
BroCh'tr-ly (bHitfa'9r-lj^), a. Pertaining to, or be-
coming to, brothers ; affectionate. --acfv. Like a brother;
kindly. -BrOtlfor-U-IMM, n.
Hjn, — Fraternal : kind : affectionate ; tender.
Kroilflll'am (brSyam or brS5m), n. A light, close car-
riase, with wheels so arranged as to turn short.
Brow (brou), n. [AS. bru.'\ 1. Bidge and hair over
the eye. 2. Forehead. 3. Edge of a steep place.
BrowOMar (-bSt^)* v. t. To bear down with abusive
words or looks ; to bully.
Brown (broun), a. [AS. brun; akin to O. braun.'}
Of a dusky color, between black and red or yellow.
Brown eosl, wood coal : lignite. —Brown stoat, a strong
kind of porter or malt liquor. —Brown statfy, a state oi
mental abstraction or reverie.
— ft. A dark color resulting from mixture of red and
black, or of red, black, and yellow, ^-v.t.&i. To make
or become brown. — BroWB'llMM, n.
BrownlO (brounHT), n. An imaginary good-natured
household spirit.
Brown'llll, a. Somewhat brown.
BroWM (brous), n. [OF. broMt sprout, shoot.] Ten-
der branches of trees and shrubs ; green food for cattle,
etc. — r . /. A i. To feed on branches ; to graze ; to pasture.
Bmln (bruTn), n. [D., brown.] A bear.
BrolM (bruz), r. t. [AS. brfgan."] L. To hurt with
blows ; to contuse. 2. To break, as in a mortar : to
crush. — «. <. To flght with the flsts ; to box. — n.
Wound of the flesh of animals, plants, fruit, etc. ; a con-
tusion. — Brnis'or, n.
8yn. — To pulverize : bray : triturate ; pound ; contuse.
Bmlt (hrjit), n. [F.J 1. Report ; rumor. 2. {Frmrh
pron. brwS.) An abnormal sound in the lungs, heard on
auscultation, —r. t. To r^rt ; to noise abroad.
Bni'lllAl(bru'mal), a. [L. brunuUitf it, brumn win-
ter.'] Pertaining to winter.
WU-nette' (bni-nSf), n. [F. brunetj brunette^ brown-
ish, dim. of brun, bmne, brown.] A girl or woman with
a dark complexion. — n. Having a dark tint.
Bnmt (brflnt), n. [loel. bruna to rush.] 1- The ut-
most violence of an onset. 2. Force of a blow ; shock.
Bmsll (brli»h), n. [OF. broche^ brosge, brushwood.]
1. An instrument of bristles, etc., to remove dust, lay
on colors, etc. 2. A fox*s bushy tail. 3. Branches of
trees lopped off ; brushwood. 4i A thicket ; shrubs in
a wood ; underbrush. 6. A brushing ; a grazing ; light
touch. 6. Skirmish ; shock ; collision. 7. A short con-
test, or trial, of speed. — f. /. 1. To nib, smooth, clean,
paint, etc., with a brush. 2. To touch lightly in passing.
— r. i. To move nimbly or lightly.
BniBh^OOd (-wd6d), n. 1. Brush ; a thicket or cop-
pice. 2. Small branches of trees cut off.
"" ' Y* ^ Resembling a brush ; shaggy; rough.
(brOsk), a. Brusque.
Bnitqao (brd6ak), a. [F. , f r. It. bm»co bruaqoe, tavt,
sour. ] Rough and prompt in manner ; abrupt ; bluff.
Bratld (bru'tal), a. TF.] 1. Pertaining to a brute.
2. Savage ; cruel ; merciless ; grosa. — BmtBl'lT, adr.
Bni-tala-tJ (br^-tua-tj^), n. l. The being brutaL
2. An inhuman act. [hnman. I
Bni'Ul-lli (brut<rl-h), r. /. To make brutal or in-l
BnitO (brut), a. [F. bnU^ L. brutus stupid, irratiooaL j
1. Not havingwn«*tion * inanimate ; without intelligence
or volition. 2. Notpossessing reason. 3. Cruel ; fero-
cious ; savage. 4. Having the physical powers predcnni-
nating over the mental; coarse; unintelligent —n. 1. An
animal destituteof reason ; quadruped ; baaat. 2. A bru-
tal or ooarse person ; aavag*.
Syn. — See Bkast.
Bnitlsll (brn^Tsh), a. Pert, to, or like, brutes ; eroel ;
gross ; stupid. — BnHllh-lT, adv. ~ Bm^rt IHM, ».
Syn. — Insensible ; unfeeling; cmel; bmtal; barba-
rous; inhuman; ferocious; gross; sensual; besittaL
I (-tls'm), «. The characteristics of a brute ;
extreme stupiditv, or beastly vulgarity.
Biy'O-nT (bri%>nj^), n. [Or. fifnm^ia^ fr. P^» to
swell.] Name of several cncurbitaceous j^ants.
II Bry'^^e'a (-«y*). »• pi- [NL., fr. Or. fipvpm moss
-f C^^y animaL ] A class of nainute ****"*■'* which by
budding form compound colonies, mostly found in salt
water, but sometimes in fresh ; — called also Po/yzoo. —
Btt^o-io'aii, o. & n.
itkVWiB (bfiban), n. rCf. D. bobbel.) L. Thin bhid-
der of water, etc. 2. Oiobule of air In a trannarmt
solid. 3. Anything more specious than real ; a fraud ;
emptv project. — r. <. 1. To rise in bubbles, or contain
bubblea. 2. To run with a gurgling noise. »r. t. To
cheat; to deceive.
BQbiaT (blV), a. Abounding in bubbles; bnbbUnr.
Blin>0 (bu'b6), n. [LL. , proin, swelUng in the groin.]
An hiflammation of a Ivnipliatic gland, egp. in the groin.
— BQ-bOBio (bft-bSn'Tk), a.
Bvo'oal (bOkHial), a. [L. bueea cheek.] Pertaining
to the mouUi or cheeks.
BllO'oa4IOtI^ (-k&-nSrOt n. [F. bovcanier."] A robber
upon the sea; pirate.— r. i. To live as a piratical ad-
venturer. [Written also bucanier,]
Bn-OOIllAlir (bfi-sBn'iRr), n. [Gr. ^ovc ox + mimifpos
centaur.] 1.
Bucentsur.
niony of espousing the Adriatic.
Bll'cdill (bu'kn), n. A South African shrub and its
leaves, dotted with oil glands, used in medicine for
diseases of the urinary organs, etc.
Book (bClk), ft. [Akin to LO. MUv.] Lye or sods for
bleaching cloth or washing clothes. — r. I. 1. To soak,
steep, or boil, in lye or suds. 2. To break up (ores).
BlMk, n. [AS. bueca^ due, he-goat] 1. A male deer.
2. A gay, dashing young
Indian or negro. [Collon.
te, as bucks and does. 2.
f:oat, slieep, hare, or rabbit
ellow ; dandy. 3. A male 1
r.iS.] — r. ». 1. To copulate, .
To Kpring violently, like a vicious mule.— 1>. t. 1. To
punish (a man) by tving the wrists together, passing the
arms over the bent knees, and putting a stick over the
arras and under the knees. 2. To throw by bucking.
Book, n. A frame for sawing firewood.
Back saw, a framed saw to cut wood on a aawborae.
Bnok'-terkot (bAs^kfit), n. A basket in which
clothes are carried to the wash.
BncklMMUrd' (-bSrdO, n. A fouivwheeled vehicle, hav-
ing a long elastio board resting on th« uletraM.
ft, 3, 1, 0, 0, loBf ) », «, 1, 0, 0, t, thorl I Mails, ivant, tdea, ttbay, llalta, e4r«, (irm, Admin, taiO.
BUCKET
79
BULBOUS
t (bOk'St), n. [AS. hue pitobBr.] 1. A ves-
sel for drawing, holding, or carrying water or oilier
Uqoida. 2. A tub for coal, ore, grain, etc 8. A float
of a paddle wlteel or water wheeL
tail It ekop, a place for betting on onnent prioee of
_ ' (bfik'F), «». 1. A name for several Amer-
ican trees and shrubs of the horse cliestnut kind. 2. A
cant name for a native of Ohio.
Bwdl'Uh, a. Dandified : foppish.
Bae'kirCbfik'kn), n, [of: bocU boss of a shield,
ring, L. bucca cheek, j 1. A device to hold straps in place
or fasten things together. 2. A bend or kink in sheet
metaL— V. L A i. 1. To fasten with buckles. 2. To
; to kink.
ao'klMr (bfiknaSr)* **• [of. boOer shield with a
, fr. bocle boss. See Buckli.] 1. A Idnd of shield.
S. (>ne of the bony plates found on certain fishes.
Ba^^ram (-ram), n, [F. bougran^ MHO. buckeram^
tr. 6oe, 0. bodt^ goat (as made of goat's hair).] Coarse
cloth stiffened with sixe or glue. ~a. 1. Made of buck-
ram. 2. Stiff; precise. ~ e. I. To make stiff.
(-shot/), n, A coarse shot, used in hunt-
deer and large game.
JtUlkfwlkiBf (-skfnO, a. L. Skin of a buck. 2. Leather
made of deerskin. 3. pi. Breeches made of buckddn.
Bwdie'thani' (-th6m0. n, a thorny shrub or tree.
Batk^WkMT C-hwSfj, n. [Buck a beech tree -f-
wkeai.} A plant of the PolvKonum family, whose seed is
naed, when ground, for griddle cakes, etc
Ba-OOHo (bt-k5imc), a. [Or. povieokuc6i , f r. fiwic6Xot
oowherd ; /fovc ox -)- (perh.) kAi^c race horse.] Pertain-
ing to the life of a shepherd ; piistoral ; nutic— n. A
pastoral poem. — Bll^>0l1lHd, a.
B«d (bfid), a. [D. bot, O. bntat, core of a fruit, bud.]
1. An undeveloped branch or flower. 2. A protuberance
on certain animals and vecetables which develops into a
new organism. «-r.i. 1. To produce buds ; to grow Into
a flower or shoot. 2. To begin to grow, as a horn. — r. t.
To graft ; to insert a bud from one plant into an opening
in the bark of (another).
8yn. — To sprout ; germinate ; blossom.
Bad'tta (bSdd'dA), n. [Skr., wise.] Title of an hi-
carnation of self-abnegation, virtue, and wisdom, or a
deifled religious teacher of the Buddliists.
Bad'dhlim (-dTi*m), n. The religion taught by the
Hindoo sage Gautama Siddartha, sumamed Buddha. —
BvO'dldst, n. - Biid'dlilst, Bvd-dlUstie, «r.
B«dO (b&j), V. i, [F. bouger.] To move oft.
B«dC«, n. [OF. bonge, fr. L butga leathern bag. Cf.
BoLaaj A fur prepwed from lambskin ; — used for-
merly as an edging of scholastic habits, —a. 1. Liued
with budge ; scholastic. 2. Austere or stiff.
Badftt (bfij'St), n. [F. bougette waUet, dim. of OF.
boge leather bag. Sae Bvdob, n.] 1. A bag with its
contents; stock or store. 2. Annual financial statement
made in the British House of Commons, etc.
Buff (bfif), n. [OE. buff, bnffie, buff, buffalo.] 1.
Leather prepared from buffalo sldu, dressed with oil ;
skins of oxen, etc., similarly dressed. 2. Color of buff ;
light yellow. 3. Wheel covered with buff leather, to
poUab ouUerr, etc —a. 1. Made of buff leather. 2. Of
the color of buff. — r. t. To polish with a buff (wheel).
Baff, a. [See Btrmrr.] A buffet ; blow ; — obsolete
except in the phrase ** Biindman's fruj
Buffa-lO (bOf'fA-IS), n. [8p. bujalo; Or. /3ov/3aAof
buffalo, prob. fr. /Sovv ox.] 1. A
species of ox originally from India.
2. A very large and savage species
of the same genus found in South
Africa ; — caUed also Cape bnffalo.
S. The bison of North America. 4.
Abuffnlorobe. 6. The buffalo fish.
Baiklo rtfbs, the skin of the bison Head of Cspc BufFslc
I tA North America, prepared with the hair on ; — used ai
I a lap robe.
I Bllff'fr(b<if'fSr),n. [Prop., a jlrOer. SeeBurFsra
. blow.l 1. An elastic fender, to deaden the jar from
colliding bodies ; a pad or cushion. 2. One who polishes
, with a buff. 3. A wheel for buffing ; a buff. 4. A
good-humored, slow-witted fellow. \VoHoqA
1 Buf-tet' (ba6f-fi'), n. [F.; LL. bujelum.'i 1. A
j cupboard ; sideboard. 2. A restaurant.
Bllf'tot (b&f'lSt), n. [OF., a slap hi the face, pair of
I bellows, fr. buffe blow.] 1. A blow with the hand ; slap
on the face. 2. Atrial; adversity. «-«./. 1. Tostrike
, with the hand or fist ; to cuff ; to slap ; to contoid
against. 2. To deaden the sound of (beUs) by mufBing
I the clapper. — v. i. To strike ; to strive.
II Bono (bdbff d), n. [It.] Comic actor in opera.
' BQl-tOOn' (bfif-loduO, n. Xv. bouffim {ct.lt. huffone^
I buffo, buffa, pulf of wind, vanity, nonsense, fr. bouffer
to puff out, because buffoons puffed out their cheeks.]
One who amuses by low tricks, antic gestures, etc ; a
, mimic ; clown. » a. Characteristic of a buffoon. » v. t.
To treat with buff oonerv. — Bol-foonisk. a.
Bnf-toon'er-y (-9r-y), h. Jests, pranks, tricks, or
postures of a buffoon.
Bllff'y(-f9).a. Resembling buff.
Bog Cbug), n. [W. bwg, bwgan, hobgoblin, bugbear.]
1. Name for various insects and crustaoea. 2. Mdbug.
BOM'tL'hOO^ (bOg^A-bsy), BnrbMI" (-bti^),ii. [See
Buo.J Something imaginary that frightens ; a specter.
Sjm. — Hobgoblin ; goblin ; specter ; ogre : scarecrow.
BnC'Cy C-Sy )t o- Infested with or abounding in bugs.
— Boc'^iieM, n.
Bnc'cy, n. A light, four-wheeled |
vehicle, usually with one seat.
u/alo; Or. ftovfiakoi
Buggy without and with Top.
Bn'fle (bu'g'l), n. [OF., fr. L. burufus buUock, dim.
of boa ox.] 1. A wild ox ; buffalo. 2. A hunter's horn.
3. A copper musical instrument of the horn kind.
Bn'i^e, n. [LL. buff*^^.] An elongated glass bead,
commonly black. — a. Jet black.
Ba'gle, n. [F.I A plsnt of tiie Mint family.
Ba'glom (bu'glSs), n. [Or. fiovyAtavirot oxtongue ;
/3ovf ox -j- vAM<ro-a tongue.] A plant, oxtongue.
BttU (btD), BnU'WOrk (buI'wQrk), n. [Fr. Boule, a
French carver in wood.] Decorative inlaid woodwork.
Buhl'StolM' (bQr'st^n^), n. [OE. bur whetstone.]
A cellular, flinty rock, used for millstones ; burrstone.
Build ( Wld), r. t. [imp. & p. p. BuiLT (bTlt) ; p. pr.
& rb. n. BtriLDiNO. The regular imp. &p. p. BuiLOBD
is antiquated.] [AL. bpldnn to build, fr. bold house.]
1. To construct (a fabric of any kind) ; to make ; to form,
establish, or produce. 2. To increase and strengthen ;
to estahlifth and preserve. — r. i. 1, To practice build-
ing. 2. To rest, as on a foundation ; to rely. — a. Form
or mode of construction ; make. — Boild'cr, n.
Syn. — To erect ; construct ; raise ; fotwd ; frame.
BnUd'illg, n. 1. A constnictinfr, en^tlng, or estab'
lishing. 2. Architecture. 3. A fabric or edifice.
II Bnk'sUall (bnk'sbSsli), n. Backsheesh.
Blllb(baib),n. [h.butbii4) 1. A spheroidal growth
from a plant eitlier above or bolow ground, producing a
stem above, and roots below, as in the onion, tulip, etc
2. An expansimi on a stem or tube, as the bulb of a ther-
mometer.—r. «'. To swell. —Bul-lNt'oeoOA (bOl-bS^-
shfis), Bidb'ar, Bul-boae', Balb'oiis, a.
fBm, recent, drb, r^de, f \ill, Am, food, idht, out, oil, chair, kOi •^Si lok, tben, thin.
BULGE
80
BUNYON
Bulge (bQlJ), n. [AB. A OHG. beigam to tweU, O.
bulge leathern sack.] X The bilge or protubenuik part of
a cuk. 2. A protuberant part ; a beudins outward. 3.
Bilge of a Teeael. — o. i. 1. To swell ; to Dead outward,
a. To bilge. -Bid'gy (bfil'jf), a.
Bulk (bOlk), n. [Dan., lump.] 1. Magnitude ; di-
mensions; mass; sixe. 2. The mahi body; principal
portion : majority. 3. Cargo of a ressel when stowed.
Byn. — Size; magnitude; dimension; volume; big-
ness; largeness; massiveness.
Bvlk'llMd' (-hMO, n. [IceL balkr beam, partition.]
1. A partition in a vessel, to separate spartments on the
same deck. 2. A wall to resist pressure of earth or water.
Balk^ (-f ), a. Of great bulk or siae ; large ; mass-
ive. — Balkl-BM% n.
Boll (bul), n. [D. but, O. btdU; prob. akin to AB.
beUan^ E. bettow.} 1. The male of any species of cattle,
also of any large quadruped or of the wliale. 2. (n)
Taurus, the 2d sign of the zodiac, (b) A constellation
of the zodiac between Aries and Oemiui, containing the
Pleiades. 3. A speculator who operates for a rise in
price of stocks ; — opposed to a bear. — a. Pertaining to,
or like, a bull; male; large; fierce. —v. t. To en-
deavor to raise the market price of (stocks, etc.).
Bull, n, [L. bulla bubble, knob, LL., seal or stamp.
Cf. Bill a writing. Bowl ball. Boil, v. ».] 1. A seal.
2. A sealed letter, edict, or rescript, of the pope. 3. A
grotesque blunder in language.
Syn. — See Blurdei.
Bnll'dof (bylMBgOt n. A dog of great ferocity, cour-
age, and tenacity of grip. — a. Uuyielding ; stubborn.
Bnll'dOM' (-dSs'j. r. /. To coerce by Intimidation or
riolence. [Slang^ tl. S."]
Buiatt (bylllt), n. [F. botdet, dim. of boule ball.
Bee Bull an edict.] 1. A small ball. 2. A missile to
be discharged from a firearm. 3. The fetlock of a horse.
Buiae-tlB (-It-tTn), n. [F., fr. It. buUettino, dim. of
buUeUa^ dim. of bulla. See Bull an edict. 1 1. An oflB-
oial report or announcement. 2. A perlodicail publication.
Bnll'llnoll' (-fTnchO, n. A European bird allied to
*'.he grosbeak, which learns to whistle musical airs.
Bvllfroc' (-frSgOt **• A very large species of North
American frog, nameid from its loud bellowing in spring.
Bnlllieal' (-h«dO, n. 1. (a) A fresh-water fish of
many species, called respectively tniller*s thumb, catjtsh,
homed Dout, and bullpovt. (b) A marine fish, the scul-
Kin. 2. (a) The black-bellied plover ; — called also
eetlehead. (d) The golden plover. 3. A stupid fellow ;
lubber. [CoUoq.'\ 4. A smnll black water insect.
Bullion (-yfin), n. [Cf. OE. buUyon hook for fasten-
ing the dress, button, stud ; LL. b^ilHo the swelling of
boiling water, mass of gold or silver, fr. L. bulla hosn,
bubble, or nerh. comip. fr. F. billon base coin, LL. bUlio
bullion.] 1. Uncoined gold or silver in the mass. 2.
Heavy twisted fringe of gold or silver wire.
BlUliOII-lSt, n. An advocate for a metallic currency,
or paper currency convertible into gold.
BulOOk (-Ittk), n. [AS. bvHuc.'\ 1. A young male
of the ox kind. 2. An ox, steer, or stag.
Bull* ■'-•ye' (bylt^'), n. Tl. K perforated wooden
block without sheaves, to connect rlgglnir. 2. OIass disk
in«ertedinadeck,floor,etc.,tolet in light. 3. A lantern,
with a tliick glass lenn to concentrate light on any object ;
the l-^ns itself. 4. The renter of a target.
Bully (bviny), n. [Cf. D. bitlderanr a blusterer,
bulderen to bluster ; prob. imitative.] A blustering fel-
low, more insolent than coiinigeonp. — a. 1. Jovial and
blustering; dashing. 2. Fine; excellent. {Slongl^
V. t. To intimidate with threats and by a swaggering j
demeanor. — r. i. To act as a bully.
Syn. — To bluster ; swagger: hector; domineer.
Bnllnsll' (-rfishO* »»• lOK. bulrygche.'\ A large rush,
growing in wet land or in water.
Bnl'wark (-wfirk), n. [Akin to O. boHwerk; bohle
plank -f werk work, defense.] 1. A rampart ; fortilloa>
tion. 2. That which defends ; protection. 3. pi. The
sides of a ship above the upper deck. — v. i. To protact.
Syn. — See Rampart.
immaile-be*' (b&m'bU-beOi «• [OE. bumbUn to bom
-{- bee. Cf. Humblkbkb.] A large bee, sometimes callad
bumblebee ; — nuned from its sc^ind.
Buil'mtr (-mSr), It. An idle, worthleas feUow ; a
dissipated sponger. ISlang, U. 8."]
' " ■ -^w.j
_ (b&nip), v.i.&i. [Cf. W. pump round mass,
pwmpiaw to thump, and £. boom to roar.] To strike ;
to thump. — n. 1. A thump ; heavy Uow. 2. A sweil-
iug ; protuberance. 3. One of the protuberances on the
cranium which phrenologists associate with distinct men-
tal faculties. (Colloq.'\
Bump, V. i. [See Boon to roar.] To make a boUow
noise, as the bittern : to boom. — n. Noise of the bittern.
Bimi'per (bam'|.2r), n. [Cormp. of bumbard large
drinking vessel.] A cup filled to the brim.
Bumpier (btlmp'ir), n. 1. That which buin|w or
causes a bump. 2. A buffer, to deaden a bump or aliock.
Bump'klll (-kTn), n. A clown ; country lout.
BnmpHoas (-shOs), a. Self -conceited ; forward;
pushing. — Bnmi'tloiUhnen, n. iColloq.']
Bun, Bvim (ban), n. [Scot. ; fr. Celtic] A sUgfatiy
sweetened raised cake.
Bancll (bOnch ; 62), n. [Akin to Dan., bunke lieap ;
cf. W. pwng cluster.] 1. A protuberance ; knob ; Imnn ;
hump. 2. A collection, cluster, or tuft.— v. i. & t. To
form into bunches. — Bimcllfy, a.
Bnn'oombe, Bimlnim (btfn'klim), n. [Buncombe a
county of North Carolina.] Speech-making to gratify
constituents, or gain public applause. [SlanOf U. £.]
II Bund (LdSndJ, n. [O.] Lesgue ; confederacy.
II Bvn'dcs-iBtb' (bdau'dSs-riU^), M. '" '
[O., bund -f nth
Oerman £n.pir« ;
council.] The federal council of the i
also, that of Switzerland.
Bmi'dle (bfiu'dn), n. [AS. byndel; akin to E. Muf.]
A number of things bound torether ; a package ; roU. «-
V. i. 1. To bind in a bundle or roU. 2. To send off
abruptly. — 1». i. To set off in a hurry.
Bong (bilng), n. [Cf. W. bwng.'\ 1. Stopper of the
orifice lu a cask. 2. Orifice in bUge of a cask throogh
which it is filled ; buoghole. —v. t. To stop (the orifice
in a cask) with a bung ; to close.
Bvn'ca-lOW (bfiQ'K&-15), n. [Bengalee bSmgla.'\ In
India, a thatched or tiled cottage, of a single story.
Bong^dle' (b&ng^SlO* n. Orifice in a cask, stopped
by a bung.
Bu'ffle (bQQ'gn), V. i. [Prob. akin to bang.] To
act or work clumsily. — v. /. To manage amkwaraly ; to
botch. —n. A clumsy performance ; botch ; gross blunder.
— Bnn'glcr, n. — Bvn'clliis, a. — Bun'sUng-ly, adv.
Banloil (b&n'yiin), n. A ounyon.
Bonk (b&yk), ft. [Cf. OSw. bunke heap, also board-
ing, flooring. Cf. Bunch] 1. A wooden box, used for
a 6cat in the daytime and for a bed at night. 2. One of
a rfrien of berths in tiers. — r. t*. To go to bed in a bunk.
Bunlcer (b&n'k^r), n. [Scot, bunker^ bunkarl, bench.]
1. A cheHt whose lid serves for a seat. 2. A large bin.
Bnnlco (-k6), n. [Cf. 8p. banco bank, bonea game at
cards. ] A «windling game by means of cards or by a sham
lottery. [Written also bunco.J
Bnnlram (bOn'k&m), n. Buncombe.
Bnnn (bOn), n. Bun.
Bnn'tlllg (-ting), n. [Scot, buntlin.} A European
and American bird related to the finches and fiparrowa.
Bnn'tlng, Bnn'tiiie (-tTn), n. [Prov. E. bunting
sifting flour, OE. boiUen to sift.] A thin woolen stuff,
used chiefly for flagn.
BantHne (b&m'ltn or -lin), n. [8w. burU a bundle
-|- /m^.] One of the ropes for hauling up a sail.
Bmi'yoil, Bnnlo-l (bSn'yHn), n. [Cf. Prov. E. bunny
small swelling ; fr. OF. hngne tumor.] An enlargement
a, «, 1, 5, a, long ; A, 6, 1, 5, a, ^, short ; senAte, dvent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cikre, ftrm, Aak, nil.
BUOY
81
BURSARY
nd influniBAtioii of a imaU membranout mc, atuaUy
oeearring ou the great toe.
Bmt (bwoi or boi), «. [D. boei baoy, fetter, fr. OF.
baie cbMin.^ A float;
floatiiig object moored
to the bottom, to mark
a chamiel or to indicate
a khoal, rock, etc., be-
neath the water. ~o. /.
L. To keep afloat; —
withnp. 8.Tonistain;
to preMnre from ifaiking Bell Buoy. Nut Buoj.
into min or despon-
dency. 3. To fix buoys to; to mark by buoys.— v. i.
To float. [of buovs. I
Bmy^age (-t j), n. Buoys collectirely ; the providing |
BmCff'aMk-Cf (-an-sjT), n. 1. The being buoyant;
specific lightness. 2. Upward pressure exerted upon a
floating l^y by a fluid; the weight just sufficient to
submerge a floating body. 3. Cheerfulness; vivacity.
Bmoj'MBt (-<znt), a, 1. Having the quality of rising
in a fluid ; tending to float. 2. Bearing up, as a fluid.
3. Light-hearted; cheerful. — BllOT'Ult-lT, atf p.
Bar* Burr (bOr), n. [OE. bur re ; cf. OSw. borra bur-
dock, thistle.] 1. Bough or prickly head of a plant ; a
weed bearing burs. 2. The ridge left by a tool in cutting
metaL 3. ^) A small circular saw. (6) A triangular
chtseL (c) A kind of drill.
BurnM (bOr^bOt), n. [F. barbote, fr. barbe beard.]
A f resli-WAter fish, having on the nose two small barbels,
and a larger one on the chin; — also called eelpotit or
ling, and allied to the codfish. [Written also burbdt.l
WW^Uk (bfir'd'n), n. [Written also burthen.] [AS.
byrSen ; akin to £. bear.\ 1. Tliat which is borne or
carried ; a load. 3. That which is difficult, grievous, or
oppressive to bear. 3. Capacity of a ship.
8yn. — BumoEH ; Load. — A burden is, literaUjr. a
weight to be borne ; a load something laid upon us. Our
bmrdens may be snch that we feel bound to bear them
without complaint. What is cast upon us, as a load, we
carry with greater reluctance or sense of oppression.
-mr.t. 1. To load. 2. To oppress ; to overload.
8 jn. — To load ; encumber ; overload ; oppress.
BnfdflD, a. [OE. burdoun bass in music, F. bourdon ;
LL. burdo drone, long organ pipe, staff, mule.] 1. The
verse repeated in a song ; chorus ; refrain ; anything
often dwelt npon ; main topic. 2. The drone of a bagpipe.
BnfdSB-aoilie (-sQm), a. Grievous to be borne.
Ryn. — Heavy ; cumbersome ; onerous ; grievous.
BVdMAC-dBk), n, [Bur + dock the plant.] A coarse
biennial herb, bearing small burs which adhere tena-
ciously to clothes, fur of animals, etc.
Bu'lmill (bu^8 or bfi-r^), n. ; pi. E. Burkatts (-rSz),
F. BcBKAiTX (by-r^O* i^'* writing Uble, d?8k, office, OF.,
drugget for covering a writing tablej 1. Orig., a desk
with drawers for papers. 2. An office for transacting
business reauiring writing. 3. A department of public
bosfaieas. 4. A chest of drawers for clothes. {_[/. S.]
BB-rMra'ara-er (bfi-rOncrA-KJ^), n. [Bureau -f- Or.
cparcu' to govern.] 1. A system of government by de-
partments or bureaus, each under a chief. 2. Govern-
ment officials, collectivelv.
BVV (bOrg), n. [AS. burh, burg, cf. LL. burgu*. See
BoBouoR.] A borough.
Bvz'KMIOt (bQr'gA-mSt), n. Bergamot.
Bnr-saoto' (bdr-iois'), n. Bourgeois, a sice of type.
Batwrnm (bflr'jes), n. [OE. & OF. burgeig, fr. burc
fortified town, fr. LL. burguM fort, city ; f r. German.] A
dtiaen, representative, or magistrate of a borough.
Buig^giaf (bOrg'grlv), n, [G. burggraf; burg for-
tress 4- pf^J count. See M aboravs.] A German count.
Bmrcn (bQrs ; 8ct4. bfir'rd), n. A borough or incor-
porUed town. — Borgll'al (bfirg'al), a.
Bar3]l'fr(b(lrg^r),n. A citizen of a burgh or borough.
Burglar (bOi'glSr), n. [OF. burg town -{- ferv thtef ,
fr. L. latro.] One guilty of burglary.
Bur'ala-ry (-cUk-zj^), m. [Fr. burglar ; cf . LL. bur*
9<aria.j^Hoasebreaklng by night. — Bur-gla'fl-ims
(-gla'rl-as), a. — Blir-fU11-4NIS-ly, odv.
BofgO^iuuKtar (•^S-mAs^tSr), n. [D. burgemee^ter ;
burg -f tneester master.! 1. Chief magistrate of a mu-
nicipal town in HoUand, Flanders, or Germany. 2. A
glaucous gull, an aquatic bird common in arctic regions.
Bv'glin-dT (-g&n-dj^), n. 1. An old province of
France. 2. A riclily fiavored wine made in tf urgundy.
Burfl-Al (bSr^rl-al), li. [AS. byrgeU, fr. bgrgan to
bury.] The burying or cepositing a dead body in the
earth, in a tomb, or in the water ; sepulture ; interment.
Syn.— Sepulture; interment: inhumation.
BnfrlB (bu'rTn), n. [F., prob. fr. OUG. 6ora borer,
bordn to bore.] An engraver's tool ; a graver.
Bui (bOrl). V. t. [OF. bourel roll of cloth or leather,
stuffed with flocks, etc.] To dress or finish up (cloth).
•— n. 1. A lump in thread or cloth. 8. An overgrown
knot on a tree ; veneer made from such excrescences.
Burlap (bfirnxp), n. A fabric of Jute or hemp, used
for bagging, curtains, etc [Written also burtapt.]
Bnr-lMqiM' (bflr-lSsk'), a. [F. ; fr. It. burlesco, fr.
burla Jest, mockery.] Tending to excite laughter by ex-
travagant images ; jocular ; IronicaL «- n. L. Lndicrous
representation; exaggerated parody. 2. A caricature;
travesty. — r. t. & i. To ridicule grotesquely.
Syn. — Mockery ; farce ; travesty ; mimicry.
II Biur-let'ta (bQr-ieta&), n. [it., dim. of burla.
BURLISQI7B.1 A comic operetta.
See
[TRLISQI7B.1 A comic operetta.
Bnray ( wir'iy ), a. [OE. buHieh big, strong ; cf . GaeL
& Ir. borr greatness.] 1. Bulky ; gross ; stout ; lusty.
2. Coarse and rough ; boisterous. — Bur'U-lIMM, n.
Bum (bflm), V. t, [imp. & p. p. Bubmbo (bfimd) or
BuRXT (bdrnt) ; p.pr, & vb. n. BuBiraio.l [OE. bemen,
brennen, AS. bernan, v. t., Mman, v. i.] 1. To con-
sume with fire. 2. To injure by fire or beat ; to scorch ;
to scald ; to blister ; to singe. 3. To change, perfect,
or improve by exposure to fire or heat ; to iMUce. 4. To
cauterize. 6. To combine with oxygen, with evolution
of heat; to consume; to oxidize.— r. i. 1. To be on
fire ; to fiame. 2. To suffer from excess of heat. 3.
To be in a state of lively emotion.— n. 1. A hurt,
f~' — "- fTTt caused hy fire or excessive heat. 2. Tlie
?.' •.'! ..r iMimhL^ or rhAkhik(. 3. A disease in vegetables.
Bum, fi. A lioum t.>.tn)am).
BuTQ'or. n. 1. Oiii* triftt bums anything. 2. Fart of
n l!irii|i', Ko.'i flthire, ftr., 'smitting fiame.
Burn'ln^t ^- 1. Oei f^r> : hot. 2. Consumhig ; hitense.
^^t\. A iT»imnfnitig, or li- ing excessively heated.
BBTnlnff elMm. n * oiivox lens for producing intense beat
V I'liM i-tTKiEit; tlif' MUliV r lys to a focus.
hy
Eit; tlif MUiiV T- lys
ira^(T«itiHiTi [ fi r e ; confiagration ; flame; blaze.
Eur 'nUh i I fi r 's 1 r * ; t.&i. [OF. fri/miV, bntnir. ]
Topolish; to brighten. —>n. Gloss; brightness; luster.
Bnr'nooa*, Blir'noiia(bfir'nC&s or bflr-nSSs'), n. [Ar.
bumus.] A cloaklike garment worn by Arabs.
Burnt (bQmt), p. p. & a. Consumed with, or as with,
flre ; scorelied ; baked or hardened in fire or the sun.
Bornt offtriBf, something offered and burnt on an altar,
as an atoneme-it for sin : a sacrifice.
Burr (bfir), n. [See BuK.1 1. A bur. 2. Lobe or lap
of the ear. 3. [Prob. imitative.] A guttural pronuncia-
tion of the letter r. — r. <. To speak with a burr.
Bvr'ro (bur^ri), n. [So., ass.] A Mexican donkey.
Blir1t»W (b&r'r6), fi. [See Borouoh.] 1. A borough.
2. A shelter ; animars hole in the ground. 3. Heap of
rubbish. 4. A mound, or barrow. — r. i. To excavate,
or lodffe in, a hole in the earth ; to hide.
Bar^aar (bdr'aSr), n. [LL. bursariu*, tt. bursa purse.]
1. Treasurer ; purser. 2. Student receiving a bursary.
Bar'aa-ry (-sA-rj^), n. 1. Tlie treasury of a coll -^
or monastery. 2. A scholarship in a university ; sum
given to enable a student to pursue his studies.
fgm, laoant, 6rb, r^de, fyll, fim, food, fo'ot, out, o'^
0
Gliair, go, sing, ink, then, Ullii.
BURSE
82
BUTTOCK
i(li6n),ii. [F. ft0«r<te.] 1. A fund to malntoin
needy aohoUn. 8. A boune ; ftn excheiige, for mer-
ohants and bsnkera.
Bant (bOnt), V. i. [imp. A p. p. BuBtT ; p. pr. &
vb. n, BuBSTXVo.l [AS. bertkauj 1. To break open;
to explode. 8. Tb i^ipear andd^y. »v. t. To break
open suddenlv.— ». 1. A sadden breaking forth; ex-
plosion. 2. A brief, Tiolent effort ; a sport.
Bnrlllill (bOr'th^n), n. & v. Borden. iArchaic'\
Bor^ (b&rrj^), n, A borough ; manor ; — termination
of name* of places ; as, Canter6«ry.
BV^Jt V* ^ [AS. burgan.'} 1. To cover out of sight ;
to hide. 2. Tb depotf t (a corpse) in its resting place ;
to inter. S. To put away finally ; to abandon.
83m. — To faitomb; mter; inhume; inum; hide;
oorer : conceal ; orerwhelm : repress.
BorytBc frooBd, Buying plaos, a place for burying the
dead; burml place.
Boill (bvan). n. [OE. & D. botch, LL. bo*ciu, btu-
eusA 1. A thicket; wild forest. 2. A shrub or cluster of
shniDs. 3. Tail, or brush, of a fox. — v. i To branch
thickly lUfee a bush. — r. <. 1. To set bushes for ; to sup-
port (peas, etc.) with bushes. 2. To harrow (land), for
covering seeds sown.
Boill, A. [I>. bus box, akin to E. box,'} A ring or
lining of metaL let into an orifice.— v. t. To furnish
with a bush or lining.
Bull'el (byshm n. [OF. boiuel, LL. b^utdlut ;
dim. of buttia, buxida^ fr. pyxidoy ace. of L. pyxis box.]
A dry measure of 4 pecks.
Bulll-ness, n. Condition of being bushy.
Bull'Wteok'tr (-hwftk'Sr), n. 1. One accustomed
to beat about bushes. 2. A guerrilla ; one who pretends
to be a peaceful citisen, but secretly harasses an euemv,
Bmb'y (rS)t a* 1- Thick and spreading, like a bush,
irgrown with shrubs. — Bosnl-llMM, n.
lay (blsT-iy), adr. In ji busy manner.
2. Ovei
m (bTz'nSs), n. 1. That which busies one, or
engages his time, attention, or labor ; regiilar occupation.
2. A trade, art, or profession. 3. Financial or mercan-
tile transactions. 4. Affair; concern; matter.
8711. — Affairs ; transaction ; engagement ; calling ;
occupation ; trade : profession ; vocation ; office ; duty.
BuHiaM-llkt' (-l%Qt ft' Sagacious and efficient.
BlUk (bttsk), n. [P. buscA A strip of metal or
whalebone to stiffen the front of a corset.
Bni^ r. t.&i, [Icel. buask to make one^s self ready.]
To make ready ; to array : to dress. [Scot. & Old Eng. j
Blis'klll (bos^Tn), n. [OF. brossequinA A covering
for the foot and leg, worn by tragic actors. Used as a
symbol of tragedy as distinguished from comedy.
Bon (bfis), n. [L. basinm kiss, W. & Gael, btis lip,
mouth.] A Kiss ; smack. — f. t. To kiss rudely.
Bum, n. [OF. bu*se, LL. btumy D. 2>uw.] A small
two-masted vessel used in the herring fishery.
Bust (bOst), n. [It. buMtoJ] 1. A statue of the human
head, shoulders, and breast. 2. The portion of the hu-
man figure between head and waist ; the chest or thorax.
BlU'Uurd (bfis't^rd), n. [OF. bistarde, fr. L. oris
tarda, lit., slow bird.] The largest game bird in the tem-
perate regions of Europe and Asia.
Bottle (bus's']), V. i. [OE. bmlde, perh. fr. AS. by-
tig busy, or Icel. bustla to bustle.] To move noisily ; to
be rudely active, —n. Great stir ; agitation ; tumult.
BaslM, n. A cusliion worn by women on the back
below the waist, to give fullness to the skirts ; a toumure.
Busy (bTz'zy), a. [AS. byfig^ 1* Kng^ed in some
business ; hard at wcnrk ; occupied. 2. Diligent ; active.
S. Crowded with business. 4. Officious ; meddling.
870. — Diligent ; industrious ; active ; occupied.
•— r. /. To make or keep busy ; to employ ; to occupy.
Bm^-bod'y (-bSd'j^), n. One who officiously con-
cerns himself with others' affairs ; a meddling person.
But (bttt), twep., adr., & conj. [AS. bu/an without,
on the outside, except, besides ; pref . be- -f (Unn out-
ward, fr. fi/ out. See BY, Our ; cf . About.] 1. Except ;
besides ; save. 2. Excelling the fact that ; were It not
that ; unless. S. Otherwise than that ; that not* 4.
Only; solely; merely. 6. On the contrary; on the
other hand ; ooly ; yet ; still ; nevertheleaa; further.
Syn. — But; Howsvbr; Still. — Theae conjnnctkma
mark oppoxiiion in passing from one thought or topic tc
another. But marks the opposition with a medium degree
of strength. Hoteevfr is weaker, and throws the opposi-
tion (as It were) into the background. Still is stronger
than but, and marks the oppoettion more emphatically.
But (bQt), n. [See Bdtt a limit.] 1. A UmR;
boundary. 2. The end ; thicker or bltmt end.
'tr (bych'Sr), n, [OE. & OF. boeMer, orir.,
aiaugncerer of buck goats, fr. OF. boc buck goat.] 1.
One who slaughters animals for food. 2. One who kills
cruelly or needlessly.— v. /. 1. To kill (animals) for
food, or for market. 2. To kill barbarously.
Bntoh^er-ly, a. Like a butcher ; savage ; bloody.
BntOh'tr-y, n. [OE. boeherie shambles, f r. F. bouche-
He.] Murder or manslauffhter ; great or cruel slaughter.
8jn. — Murder ; slaughter : carnage. See Massacsb.
Butler (bfitlSr), n. [F. hmtteitlier, fr. LL. buticm-
lariv*, fr. buticula bottle.] One in chaige of liquors,
plate, etc. ; head servant in a large house.
Butt, But (bttt), ». [F. but butt, aim, OF. bot end, fr.
boter, buter, topush, strike.] 1. A limit ; bound ; goal ;
the end. 2. Thicker end of anything. 3. Mark to be
shot at ; target. 4. One at whom contempt is directed.
6. Thrust or sudden blow from an Miimal's head. 6.
Thrust in fencing. 7. Piece of land left unplowed at the
end <A a field. 8. Joint where the ends of two objects
come squarely together ; — also called butt joint. 0.
Hinge on the edge of the door, which butts against the
casing. 10. Stoutest part of turned oxhides.
Batt end, the thicker end of anything.
Bvtt, V. t. 1. To Join at the butt or outward extrem-
ity ; to terminate ; to abut 2. To strike by thrusting
the head forward. — v. t. To strike with the head.
Batt, n. [F. botte, boute, LL. butta. Cf. Boitlb.]
A large cask, containing two hogsheads.
II Butte (but or bd6t), n. [F. See Burr a bound.]
A detached ridge rising from a surrounding plain ; — ap-
plied to elevations in the Rocky Mountain region.
Batter (bfit'tSr), n. [L. b*ttyrum.l An oi^, unctuous
substance obtaiuea from cream by churning.— v. I. To
cover or spread with butter.
Batter-Clip' (-kfip^), n. A plant of the crowfoot kind,
having bright yellow flowers.
Botter-ny (-fliO, «• [?«'!»•
fr. tlie color of a yellow species.
AS. bttter-Jlege, buttorfiedge.l
A general name for numerous
species of diurnal Lepidoptera.
Bvf ter-iae (-Tn), n. An im-
itation of butter, prepared from
animal fat.
Batter-milk' (.mTlkO, n.
Milk remaining after tlie butter
is separated from cream.
Batter-not' (-ntttO, n. 1.
An American tree of the Wal-
nut family, and its edible fruit. Bntterflv vrith its wain le-
2. Soimri nut of South America, moved. I Prothorwx ; A
Batter-y (-y ), a. Having the
qualities, consisteuce, or appear-
ance, of butter.
Batter-y, n. [OE. botery,
hotry ; cf. LL. botaria wine ves-
sel. Not fr. butter. See BoT-
TLB, Butt, a cask.] 1. A room where butter, mUk, and
other provisions are kept. 2. A room in English colleges
where refreshments are sold to the studentb. 3. A ceuar
for storing butts of wine.
BottOCk (-tttk), n. [Fr. butt an end.] 1. The
CoMtsl edge of wingi B
Inner edge; C Outer
edee i D Apex of wing ;
E Outer angle t ob Diacsl
cell t an* DiMal venulee (
m Pataglai k Mttotcn-
turn.
S, 8, 1, 8, 0, k»f i &, «, 1, 5, 0, ti Bbort ; smAte, «vent, tdea, Obey, linite, oAie, lirm, Ask, ftll, fln«L
BUTION
83
CABINET
mmn, or p«rt at the back of the liip, on which one sits.
S. The convexity of a ship behind, under the stern.
Bal^lon (bfitt*u)t n. [F. boulon button, bud, fr. bou-
ter to posh. See Butt, end.] L A Icnob ; ball. 2. A
eatcb, to fasten ports of dress, secure a door, etc. 3. A
bod ; germ of a pUnt. — v. <. <b t. To fasten with a button.
BallOn-lMia^ (-hSlO* ^ ^^ ^ol® or loop in which a
'button is canght. — v. ^ To hold by the button or but-
tonhole ; to detain in conversation ; to bore.
BnttOB-WOOd' (-wd6 J'), n. The American plane tree ;
— called also buttonball tree and gycamore.
Bnl'trem (-trSs), n. [OE. butrtuse^ fr. F. botiUr to
push. Bee Butt an end.] 1. A pro-
jecting mass of masonry, for residing
the thrust of an arch, or for ornament.
SL Anything which supports or strength-
ens. ^ r. /. To snppOTt with a buttress ;
to brace firmly.
Bot'T-n'oeoas (bSaT-rS'shtts),
Bttlr-RNIS (bu'tT-riSs), a. [L. buty-
rum butter.] Like butter.
Bn-trHo (btt-tTrmE), a. Pertaining
to, or derived from, butter.
BBX'oai(bttka^m),a. [AS-Mrmm;
bigan to bow, bend -jr ««<»», E. -some.)
Having health and comeliness ; jolly ;
frolicsome. — Bu'oai-ly, ndv, —
Bay (bi).
/.
A p. p.
limp. S
BouoBT (bat) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Bimiio
(bi^ug).] LAS* bycgan."} L To acquire Bnttrcss.
ownership of (property) by payment of
a price ; to purchase ; — opposed to sell. 2. To get, at
acost.— Biiy'«r,«.
Bob (biix), r. i, rOnomat.] To make a low, contihu-
oas, humming sound, like that of bees. — r. /. 1. To
jpread (a report) by whispers, or secretly. 2. To talk to
in a low humming voice. [CoUoq.'} — n. LA continu-
ons, humming noise, as of bees ; confused murmur. 2.
A whisper ; report spread secretly.
Bib saw, a circular saw, which makes a loud buzzing
when running at full speed.
Boa'feara (bfiz'zSrd), n. [F. btuard, L. buteo, hawk.]
1. A bird of prey of the Hawk family. 2. A dunce.
By (bi)f prep* [A8. frf, big^ near to, by, of, from,
after, aoooxoing to.] 1. In the neighborhood of ; near
or next to ; along with. 2. On ; along ; in traversing.
3. Near to. while passing ; from one to the otlier side of ;
past. 4. used in specifying adjacent dimensions ; as, a
cabin twenty feet by forty. 6. With, aa mavis, wav,
process, eto. ; througli means of ; with aid of ; through.
By all BBsaas, most assuredly ; certainly. — By and by,
presently : pretty soon ; before long. — By one's ssu,
alone : solitary. — By the bys. By the way, in passing ;
— used to introduce an incidental or secondary remark,
—adv. 1. Near; present. 2. Passing near; going past;
beyond. 3. Aside. — a. Out of the common path;
aside ; — used in composition, to denote somethUig aside,
incidental, or avoiding notice ; as, 6y-play, by-street.
Byt (bf), n. L A thing not directly aimed at ; some-
thing faV the way. ^Ob*. except in the phrase by the
If.] 2. A run made upon a missed ball in cricket.
By'-ABd' (bi'SodO, n. Private end or Interest.
arsonid^ (-gSnOf a. Past ; gone by. — n. Something
gone by ; a past event.
Bv'-Uw^ (-Ift'), n. [8w. bylag ; by town -f the word
for law ; hence, a law for one town, special law.] 1. A
local or subordinate law ; a regulation made by a cor-
poration for its own government. 2. A law leas im-
portant than a general law or constitutional provision,
and subsidiary to it ; a rule relating to a matter of detail.
By'-IUUIIB^ (bi'nimOt n. A nickname. — r. /. To
give a nickname to. [indirect means. I
Bypath' (-pathOt n. A private path ; obscure way ; I
By'pUy (-plaOf n. Action carried on aside, and
commonly hi dumb show, while the main action proceeds.
By'-prodlMt (-prM'tikt), n. A secondary or addi-
tional product ; something produced, as in the course of
a manufacture, in addition to the principal product.
'Bj'vmAf (-rSdO« *»• A private or obscure road.
By'ltlBd'«r (bi'stXn'der), n. [,By -f siander, equiv.
to stnnder-by.'} One who stands near ; a spectator ; one
who has no concern with the business transacting.
Byn. — Looker on ; spectator ; beholder ; observer.
By^wmy' (-waO* n. A secluded, private, or obscure
wnv ; a road aside from the nlr^in *>ne.
By'wond' r-wClrtl), a. [as. f^vord; M, B. fry -f
Uh:-"i.] L A iiHiJiHtjii ^ayiUK; i»r<'Verb. 2. The object
of ii. <->>i>t>V||i[.iCtMlll« fkljillg,
Byz^aat tMz'int). In. [OK & F. besnni, fr. LL.
Byz'an-tijia (-iji-tnO. I Eifzaniius^ BysantintUy it,
Bo -'UiiiM n, A A Ktyhi i-i li ti of f I) ]t:Liitium.
By-zan^ual] (liT-iSn^i^liiii), a. X: n. Byzantine.
By ZAn'tlne (-tTiOn *». ri'itAining to Byzantium.—
n. All iulmtiiUjit of BynuiUiuis, now Coostautinople.
C.
0«b ikiuy. t*. [Abbr. fr. mbHM^t,] 1. A l^lit dose
cMrria-g*", %- O Jvi?r<^d part of m lo>:omotivu,
Oab. H [llfU o^, fr, ^5h*jh Ui hollow.] A Hebrew
Jry tiiiMaiin-, of '2.s7 iilnta.
Ql-bftl' lltA^Wl'K n. [F, CftfHtftf cabfll, LL. fnfJjnlt, fr.
H 'Ik. g*fbi^tih tr^itiou.l L TnMiititJo ; ocrult doc-
trine, l€HtM.] 2, A nuruVr of |*erM>n» iiiiUr'd in ujiue
iutrtguej a Jtmto, — f. i To ifitrimi" ; tiipplitE.
Sjiu — GavaI^i CoxBJ^rjitioir: P^moTi jimto; in-
trwie; plot : ^aniptnrx- - A tumhifuituut Ib an ortran-
timdaaVm of i»dtv{dii!LU for mutual sM^prjrt, ulh-ilter
tftiod or bSid. A rnf^rf In iv nerr^t as^TclatioTi of ■<. ' in-
dividuals MM>kint: power, A hitfimr is si liin;F?r 1 ■ lan
A eabai^ aplftshly ruiploywl In tii^Etitine tlih' i^oi..- ity
in orrJer to rh^mei? tk« laniiitlnif oniet m th[iti£::<t.
0«l>^Alii:kSr>'l-|i). r». [LL &'e C1.11AL.] 1. Atra-
ditloD at Ji'wi»li nibijii luiJ TDPilLiL'Tnl Chtlr^Uftoflt tfflat-
Iq^ of diviriM and hrtm»ii inj'iHterif'js. 2. Sr*r.''rr*t sr-ifnnie;
myotic srL — O&l/ft'llsm. n. — (Jab'a Halt « — OaVi-
Oa-bal1«r (kA-bXinSr), n. One who cabala.
II Oa-bu' (kA-bK'), n. [F.] A flat basket for flga,
eto. ; a lady's hand bag ; — often written eaba.
Chd/lMlg9 (kftb^btj), n. [F. chon eabtu headed cab-
bage, cabbage head ; cf . It. capo head, L. caput.'] An
esculent garden vegetable of many varieties.— r. i. To
form a head like that of the cabbage.
Cstiti^C. - L [F. cabaaer^ fr. OF. cabas theft]
To fiiirti)4ii i|M<'i«s of cloth when cutting a gannent) ; to
pi U <■ r . 1^ II . C loth kept when cutting out garments.
Cabin (4 11), n. [W. ettbauy dim. of cttb cot, tent.]
1 AiL-ott^K'^; liut. 2. Small room. 3. Room iu a ship.
-^ • . i. To lodge. — r. /. To connne in a cabin.
Oabl-IMt (-T-n6t), n. [F., dim. of cabine cabin.] L
A small room; closet. 2. A private room for consulta-
tions. 3. Advisory council of the executive officer of a
nation. %. A piece of furniture, with drawers, eto. 6.
A collection of works of art, eto. — a. Suitable for a
cabinet; small.
ffn, recent, drb, ryde, f^U, ftm, food, fdbt, out, oil, oliair, so, slng^ ink, tlien, UklOb
CABINETMAKER 84
Otbl-IMt-IIUlk'«r (kKbT-nSt-mU'Sr), m. One vho
makes artiolM of houaebold (umiture.
■troug rope or chain. « v. L&i, 1. To fatten with
CAJOLERY
2.' To telegraph by a •ubmarine cable.
Oa'bto-Cnni' (-grImO, n. {Cable + Or.
writing.] Meangtt tent by a telegraphic cable.
Oa-bOQM' (ki-bOteO, ». [Gf. D. labuu, O. kabiue a
but.] L A house on a ehip*a deck, where cooking is
done ; —commonly called the ffolley. 2. A car used on
freight trains for brakemen, workmen, etc. ; a tool car.
Oa1»'ll-0-l«f (klb/rl-t-lF), n. [F., dim. of cabriole
leap, capei% fr. It eapriola^ ^h^^^
fr. dim. of L. eapra she-goat.
Of. Caps a leap.] A one-
horse carriage with two
■eats and a calash top.
Oft-OA'O (kA-ki'd or
kSTkt), n. (Sp., fr. Hex.
kakahuatl.'] A small ever-
green tree of South America
and the West Indies, whose o„, j^ ^j Csbriolet
fruit contains edible pulp
and seeds yielding cocoa, chocolate, and broma.
0a€ll'a-lOt (kbh'M5t), n. [P.] The sperm whale,
whose head contains an oily fluid, which concretes into
a substance called spermaceti.
II OmIm (k*sh), «. [F., fr. cacA«rtohide.] A pUce
for concealing and preserving provisions.
0ft-€lM0lto(kA.k8k'tTk), to. [Or. caxcicrunk.] Per-
OA-OlMO'tlc-«l (-tT-kal), J taining to cachexia.
|lOMll'«t(kAsh>t),n. [F.,fr.eoeA^.] Seal of a letter.
II Lsttrs ds cachet [F.l, a sealed letter, esp. a letter from
the sovereign ; — used in France, under tluB Bourbons, as
an arbitrary order of imprisonment
llOR-fill«ll-ft(kA.k8kBnr-A), )n. [Or. «axe^'a; iraxtk
Oft-^lMS^ (-k«k8^), ( bad + c^ic condition.]
A condition of ill health, esp. from a specific morbid pro-
cess (as cancer or tubercle).
Oabllill-liallOll (kSkan-ni'shttn), n. [L. eachinnatio^
it, eachinnare to laugh aloud.] Loud laughter.
Oft'ldlOll' (ki'shsy), n. [F. See Cashoo.] A silvered
aromatic pill, to correct the odor of the breath.
Oao^e {kKk^kM). r. i. [D. kakcJen; imlUtive.l 1.
To make the sharp, broken cry of a hen. 2. To giggle.
3. To nrattle. — n. 1. Noise of a hen that has laid an
egg. 2. Idle prattle.— Gaoler, n.—OA(/kIlllg,n.
II Oao'fMraiM (kKk'ft-9'thSz), n. [Or. irairoi79i}f of ill
habits, rh KajtAtfin an Ul habit ; xaicoc bad + Ifioi habit.]
1. A bad habit ; insatiable desire ; as, caco'dtheit tciibendi^
**the itch forwriUng.** 2. A bad disposition in a dis-
ease ; an incurable ulcer.
Oa-oorira-^y (kA-kSg'rA.n^), n. [Or. «aic<k bad -f-
•frropAy.X oaA writing or spelUng.
OA-d^i^liy (-kSfft-ny), n. . . -
[Or. K9ioAwna\ Ka$t6% + 4>^vn
sound.] 1. An uncouth sound
or combination of discordant
sounds. 2. An unhealthv state
of the voice. — Oao'O-plUnilO
(kik't-fOnOk), OftO'O-^hOB'-
IflhAl, Oa-ooph'o-iioiui (kA-k5f'-
<^-nfis), a.
CtaU/tllS (kSktSs). n. ; pi. E.
Cactdris (-«x), L. Cacti (-ti).
[L. ; Or. KcucTo«.] A genus of
prickly tropical plants, incliul-
ing the prickly pear and night-
blooming cereus. — Oao-tA'-
oeons (-ti'shOs), a.
Oad (kSd), n. [Abbr. fr. m-
del.} L In England, the door-
keeper of an omnibus. 2. A low-
bred, presuming feUow.
Cactan (Melon Thirtlc)
of the semis MniuiUit-
ria. Much reduced.
[L., fr. eadere to falL'
a dead body;}
.ifcoder
nOa-dA'Vir (ki-dl'TSr). n.
A dead human body ; a corpse.
Oa-dAT'Mr-au (-dlv^i^tts), a. Like
Oad'diM ( (kid'dls), n. rProT. E. cadew ; of. O,
Oad'Ote ) bait] The larva of a caddice fly, gener.
ally oontahied in a cylindrical case, open at each and, and
coated with pieces of shells, gravcO. etc
Osddlee ty, an insect whoee larva is the caddlce.
Oad'dlsll (-dish), a. Like a cad ; lowbrod.
Oad'dy (-dy ), n. [EarUer spelt catty, fr. Mahiy kaa a
weight of Ij poundsj A small chest to keep tea in.
Oad« (kSd), n, [L. ctnf (Mjar, Or. co&k.] A cask.
Oa'dMlM (ki'dens), n. [LL. cadentia a falling, fr. L.
eadere to fall.l 1. A fall of the voice in reading or
spealdng. 2. A rhythmical modulation of sound. 3. A
uniform time and pace in marching.
Oft-dtf (ki^StO, n. [F., a younger son or brother,
dim. fr. L. caput liMd ; i. e., a smaller head of the fam-
ily.] 1. A younger brother or son. 2. A pupil in a
military or naval schooL — Og-dst'gllto, n. Qudge. I
aA'dl(kaMT),n. [Turk. SeeALCAXJ>B.] ATuridsh|
Oad'mi-lim (kSd'mT-fim), ft. [NL., fr. L. cadmia cal-
amine.] A metal related to sine. — OltfllllO, a.
Oa-dn'oe-ns (k^Ulu'st-Os), n. [L. ; Or. Kiip^KtLo^ a
herald^s wand, fr. Kripvi herald.] The official
wand of Hermes or Mercury, messenger of the
gods, having two serpents coiled about it, and
two wings at the top. — Oa-dll'oe-aB, a,
Oa-dn'OOlU (-kliB), a. IL. caducus falling,
fr. eadere to fall.] Dropping off, or disappear^
ing early, as the ffills of a tadnole.
II Cto'cma (sSOcBm), n. [L. eaecws blind.]
(a) A cavity o|)en at one end. (b) The blind
part of the large intestme. See niutt. of DiOBS-
TtTi Apparatus.
QWM9I (sc'zSr), ft. [L.] A Roman emperor,
as Hticoeedinor Ausntstus Ciesar ; a kaiser. — tkb- c^AntimtuL.
sa^-aa. Os-aaM-aa (st-a'rT-on), a, w^uceiw.
Oa'aar-Ism ( -Tz*in ), n. Oovemment by a single person,
to whom, as Caesar or emperor, the popular will has com-
mitted it ; imperiali«n ; advocacy of such government
Os-ni'lra (st-zu'ri or -su'rA), n. / pi. E. C^uvkab
(•riz), L. CiESURA (-rS). [L., division, stop, fr. eaedere,
carnttn, to cut off.] A metrical break in a verse ; a sense
pause in the middle of a foot ; a lone syllable on which
the ciesural accent rests. — OflHm'nu, a.
II QtL'W (kA'(i'), n. [F.] A coffee house ; restaurant
Oaf-felo (kSf-f eak), a. PerUlniug to coffee.
Oaf-fe^e (-lu), n. [Cf. F. ca/rine.'] A white, bitter,
crystallizable substance, obtained from coffee.
Oaftan (kif't«rn or kSf-tIn'}, n. [Turk, ga/lan.} A
garment worn throughout the Levant
Oaga (kaj), n. [F., fr. L. cavea cavity, case, fr. cavus
hollow.] 1. An inclosure for confining birds, beasts,
malefactors, etc. 2. A framework inclosing something.
— r. t. To confine or shut up.
Oai'man (ki'man), n. Cayman.
II Oa-lqne' (kii-SkO, n. [F., fr. Turk, qalq boat] A
skiff used on the Bosporus ; also, a larger Levantine
vessel. [heap of stones. I
Oatm (ktm), ft. [Oael. cnniy gen. rotm, a heap.] A |
Oaia'aon (kas'sBu), ft. [F., fr. caisse case, chest] 1.
A chest or wagon for ammunition or explosive materiala.
2. (ft) A water-tight box, within which to build submarine
structures. (6) A box to close the entrances of docks snd
basins, (c) A structure placed beneath a vessel to float it.
Oaitlft (ka'tlf), a. [OF. cat/t/, cheti/y oapUve,
wretched, fr. L. cnptivus captive, fr. capere to take.]
Ba<w ; cowardly. — n. A despicable person.
Oa-Jole' (ki-j5l0, V. /. [F. c<\joler to chatter like a
caged bird, to flatter, fr. source of ge6le, dim. of rtip*?
cage.] To deceive with flattery ; to wheedle. — Oa-Jol'-
or, n. — Oa-lol'or-y, f».
Sjnl—To flatter ; wheedle ; delude ; coax ; entn^
«, », I, ?>, «, k»g ; ft, «, 1, 5, tt, ti ■Jiort ; isnWe, dvent, tdea, dbey, finite, c4re, firm, Ask, tin, flnoL
CAKE
85
CALIGRAPHT
(kik), n. [Akin to D. koek, O. kHchen.'\ 1.
A small maw of dough baked. 2. Matter concreted,
congealed, or molded into a aolid mau. — r. /. & i. To
form into a cake, or mam ; to harden.
0al'a4MWll(kXl'A-bXsh), n. [8p. cnlabata dry gourd,
it. Ar. qar^ gourd + aibas dry.] 1. A gourd (plant or
fruit). 2. A water dipper, bottle, etc., made from the
abell of a gourd.
OaFa-niAB'OO (-mXn^), n. [LL. ealamancxu.^ A
gloaay woolen atuff, plain, striped, or checked.
Ojd'a-mif«r-Olll (-mTfSr-as), a, [L. ealamtu reed
^^'Jer<nu.^ Producing reeds ; reedv.
Oal'a-mliM (-min or -mTu), n. [P. ; LL. ealamina^ fr.
L. cadmia. See Cadmium, j A mineral, the hydrous
silicate of sine
Oi lunl tons ■ k A-lt ti^-t^r^k, ri, Prn^Juriutr lakioity.
Oi-l3inTtoas ty. n>'h. — OA-lam^l-tODSiims, a.
iSm, - MiB^-niblf*; 4|H^u],iFtbl«; dl^tmHful ^ aiflietivt-:
wrpti'tiei i irri*v>ju»; Ufc-ri^Jh diwftrmu i ftdversi? ; un-
happy ; ti^x^t^ : Bvi ; untortuiutft.
ntthirm^d.]
[ L- f 'if'i m rYrt^t akin 1 1 1 ti -rvJ^i m in
dj k (TT^tl miAfortua^ or caiifi« of (Itatrpsis.
**IJi, — CUi-MirrT ; DiiATt^ji: Mi^FnrsTrss; Mi^ruP:
MAir^M^scm ; dUtrtui &niit>tli>a ; S'Wnr^ity ; uulj^ppJ*
B^it; iutelleit^ : luiipry ^ erih #itreiiiity : exiiEfntrjr;
^iWUf&lL —or thKH irciPilji, nitnniiii Ia ttm itTqiiife^t, iin-
^$fimf£ a sdrnvwhrnt ct^ntfnuoii* Atitcs pfCMliK>9d Uy mntunl
cuuHk, Mii*tt A« fins tiotHl, d fjic^ UP, pt 1^ Dt'mjitrr 1 1n utt ks
Uter^sUf rfW'jtfTr^w» anil is «>iin? dHtrf^^iiiif proiit ^lilih
e<(m«t stid^leiUr tipon iWh J/'j(/«" '''"'' Iji "[ten diit> tu no
■t^clAc* cam * : it: u dimply t^ii^ b vl forttitip «tt an Iji^JivM-
iiiK 411'! act t<^) be char^>^-] sj & fiiult. JT^r At^nf^ mid mif-
h-tp ATn mUtartniwn of ^ trivia,! ntiure.
■' ■ ■uif^, :( ^,.i, ; .; .- • ii, ;.. -"^ thp r^iiiTn<m
ratUn. 2. A plant commonly called sweet flag. The
root has a pungent, aromatic taste, and is used in medi-
cine as a stomachic. 3. The barrel or quill of a feather.
Oa-UsV (kA-lishOt n. [F. caliche,} 1. A light car-
riage with low wheels, ^ ^^^
hiring a movable top, and
often a morable front. 2.
A womvi*s hood.
OU-Ml^t-OBS (kllka'-
rt-fit), a, [L. caicariMt
fr. calx, ealeiSf lime.] Of
the nature of calcite ; con-
taining calcium carbonate
or carbonate of lime.
Oalearso«s spar, calcite.
OlFoa-llf«r-OU (kiUkA-rTfSr-lis), a. [L. ealcaHus
of lime -f- -A'^tf'-] Lime-yielding: calciferous.
Oal'OO-ft'tofl (kll's^-i'tel), a. [L. calceare, -atum, to
shoe, ealceu* shoe, ea/z, caicU^ heel.] Wearing shoes.
Oll-Olf er-OVt (-sTfir-fis), a, [L. calx^ cntciSy lime -f
•ftroK$.'\ Bearing or containing calcite.
" VtMk
One form of Calaih.
Oll'ei-fonB (kil'sT-fOrm), a. [L. calx^ calcis^ lime.]
In th? form of chalk or lime.
Oll'et-miB) (-min), n. [L. calx, cnlciSy lime.] White
or colored wash (or plastered walls. — r. /. To wash with
calcimine. [Also spelt kalsomine.l
OJll-olny (kll-sin' or kftl'sTn), v. /. [F. calciner, fr.
L- calx, caldst lime.] 1. To reduce to powder by heat.
2. To oxidise (metal) by action of heat ; to reduce to a
metallic calx. — r. i. To be converted into a powder or
calx, byheat. — Oll-dn'a-ble (-sin'A-b'l), a.— Oftl'd-
Bl'tiOB (-sT-na'«hBn), n.
OlVtAt% (-sit), n. [L. co/x, calcU, lime.] Calcium
carbonate, or carbonate of lime. It includes common
limestone, chalk, and marble.
Oll'd-mil (-sT-Qm), n. [NL., fr. L. calx, cnlclsy lime.]
An elementary substance ; a metal which combined with
oxygen forms lime. [culation. t
OlVeV-lVble (-kd-lA-bn), a. Ascertainable by cal-|
Oll'on-lAte (-'5t), V. t. [L. cnlculnre, ■4ntnm, to cal-
cuUte, fr. cnlculux pebble used in reckoning ; lience, a
reckoning, fr. calx, colds, limestone.] 1. To aaeertain
bv mathematical processes, usually by arithmetic. 2. To
plan ; to expect ; to think. [Local, U.S.}^'V.i. To make
a calculation ; to forecast consequenoes ; to compute. —
Oal'on-U^ttllk ( UQ'ktt-li/tTng ), a. & n.—OMl'im-W-
tion, n. — OaPon-U-tlT*, a.-aal'oa-U'tor, n.
Sjn. — To Calculatb; CoMFim; Rkxoh; Count;
estimate ; rate. — We calculate with a view to obtain a
certain point of knowledge. We compute by combining
given numbers, in order to learn the grand result. We
reckon and count in carrjring out the details of a compu-
tation. These words are used in figurative i
Oal'on-lOIIS (-Ilis), a. [L. calculosus.] 1. Of the na-
ture of a calculus ; like stone ; gritty. 2. Caused, or
cliaracterixed, by the presence of calculi.
Oal'on-lns (-ills), n. ; pi. Calculi (-U). [L.] L A
solid concretion in the body. 2. A method of mathema-
tical computation by symbols.
Oai'dron (kfj^'dron), n. [OF. eaudron, chauderon,
fr. L. caldarius suitable for warming, fr. cnlidus warm,
fr. calere to be warm.] A large kettle or boiler. [Writ-
ten also cauldron.}^ [land. I
Ctal e-Ao'lll-a (UQ't-dy uT-A), n. Latin name of Scot- 1
Oal'e-dO'lll-ail, a. Pertaining to Caledonia or Scot-
land ; Scottisli ; Scotch. — n. A Scot.
Oal'e-fa'ctoBt (-fa'sh^nt), a. [L. calefaciens, p. pr.
of calefacere to warm ; calere -{-/acere to make.] Mak-
ing warm; heating.— n. A substance that excites
warmth in parts to which it is applied, as mustard.
Oal'a-fy (-n), r. /. & i. [L. calere -f- -/y.] To heat
— Oal'e-no^tiim, n. — Oal^e-fao'to-nr, a. & n.
Oal'an-ilAr (-^n-dSr), n. [L. kalendarium account
book, fr. L. calendae, kalendae, calends.] 1. An orderlv
arrangement of the divisions of time ; an almanac. 2. A
list of persons, things, or events; a schedule.— r. /. To
enter in a calendar ; to register.
Oal'Ml-d«r, n. [F. ealandre, LL. celendra, oomip. fr.
L. cylindrus cylinder.] L A machine consisting of
cylinders revolving nearly in contact, for smoothing cloth,
paper, etc. 2. One who pursues the business of calen-
dering.—r. /. To press (cloth, paper, etc.) between
rollers to make it smooth and glossy, or wavy.
Oal'«ll-d0r, n. [Per. ifalender.} One of a sect of
fantastically dressed dervishes.
Oal'endS (-Sndz^, n. pi. [L. calendae ; akin to calare
to call, proclaim.] The first day of each month in the
ancient Roman calendar. [Written also kalends."]
Oal'an-turo (-Sn-tttr; 40), n. [F., fr. Sp. calentura
heat, fever, fr. calentar to heat, fr. L. calere to be warm.]
D.^lirium caused by the heat of the tropical sun at sea.
Oa-laa'oeilOe (kA-ieysrns), n. [L. calescens, p. pr. of
calescere, incho. of calere. '\ Growing warmth.
Oall(kKf),».;/)/.CALVM(kKvz). [AS. cot//.] 1. The
young of the cow, or of some other mammals, as of the
elephant, rliinoceros, hippopotamus, and whale. 2. Calf-
skin. 3. An awkward boy ; a dolt. [C0//07.] 4. A small
island near a larger. 6. The fleshy hinder part of the
leg be'low the knee.
CaU'sklll' (kaf 'skTnO. n. The skUi of a calf ; leather
made of the skin.
Olll-ber I (kSlT-b9r), n. [F. calibre, perh. fr. L. Qua
Qtl'XAatn I libra of what weight ; hence, of whatalze,
applied first to a bullet.] L Diameter of the bore of a
cannon, etc., or of any tube ; weight or size of the pro-
jectile which a firearm will carry. 2. Diameter of a
rotmd or cylindrical body. 3. Mental capacity.
Oall-CO (-k6), n. [Orig. imported from Calicut.}
Cotton cloth. — /T. Made of calico or resembling it.
Oal'l-dnst (-dfikt), n. [L. calidtis hot -|- E. duct.} A
pipe or duct to convey hot air or steam ; caloriduct.
OaOlf (ka'lTf), n. A caliph.
llOa-ll'KO (k&-li'g6). n. [L., darkness.] Dimness of
sight, from a speck on the cornea ; also, the speck itself.
Oa-Urra-Pliy (Itg'rA-f]^), n. CUllgraphy.
fSm, recent, 6rb, ryde, full, €km, food, fo^ot, out;, oil, chair, go, ains, iyk, tben, thin.
CALIPASH
86
CALVINISM
h
Oal'l-Pttlh' (knnr-pbh'), n. rSp. earapaeho.J A part
of a turtle next to tbe upper ahell, esteemed aa a delicacy.
Oalirpte' (-pSOt I** The part of a turtle attaclied to
the lower abell.
Oall-pan (-p8n), n. pi. [Corrup. fr. en/iber.] Com-
paaaet %nth curred legs for measuring the di- ~
ameter or caliber of round bodies ; — called
also caliper eompaue^y or caliber compares.
OaOlBh (ki'lff), fi. [F. eali/e, fr. Ar.
khatlfah sucoessor, fr. khalafa to succeed.]
Successor or Tioar ; — a title of the succes-
sors of Mohammed, now used by the sultans
of Turkey. [Written also calif.']
Oil'l-pliatt(kiia-ftt).ii. The office. dig-_^ ,_
nity, or goTemment of a caliph. ^"Xf?^**
llCtal'te-tk«'ll»-1im(kil'Ts.tb9'nl-fim%n. ^^^^^
[NL.] A gymnasium, esp. one for light physical exercise.
Onlis-Uiaillo (-tMSnOk), M. [Or. makk beautiful +
«tfc»«( strength.] Bodily exercise ; light gymnastics.
jlOaOtaCkiaTfka),!!. TL.] A calyx.
Oalk (kftk), V. /. [Perh. fr. Ar. qalafa to flU up
on vices with fibers.] To stop the seams of (a ship, etc)
by driring tarred oakum Into them. — Oalk'er, n,
fklk, n. [Cf. AS. eale shoe, hoof, L. calx heel, calear
spur.] A sharp-pointed iron on the shoe of a man or
beast to prevent slipping ; — called also ealker^ calkin. —
V. /. 1. To famish with calks. 2. To wound with a
calk ; as when a horse injures a leg with a calk on one of
the other feet. — Oalk'tr, n.
OalklBf , f». The making seams tight, aa in ships ; a
furnishing with calks, as a shoe.
-- fWal
Fig. I.
. . _ kind of chisel for calk-
ing ships, tightening seams in ironwo^
etc
Oall (k§l), V. t. [AS. eeaUian ; akin
to D. kaUen to talk, prate.]
1. To command or request to
be present. 2. To summon to
the discharge of a particular
duty ; to designate for an of- Fig. %.
flee, or employment. 3. To Fig. 1. Ciilking Iron for calk-
Invite or command to meet ; ing ships.
— often with together. 4. To ^^- \ C«lking Iron for iron-
m\mm. m «.». ♦« . *^ «.^^ ^/ work. o Joint of the platew;
give a name to ; to speak of, 5 c.lkln^ Iron, driven by a
by a speeined name. 6. To wooden mallet or ■hammer.
regard or characterise as of a
certain kind. 6. To state, or estimate, approximately
or loosely. 7. To utter in a distinct voice. 8. To appeal
to. 0. To rouse from sleep ; to awaken.
Sjrn. — To Call ; Corvokb ; Summon : name ; denomi-
nate : invite ; bid ; assemble ; collect : exhort ; warn :
Kroclaim ; invoke ; appeal to : appoint ; dedgnate. — Call
\ the generic term ; as, to call a public meeting. To con-
voke is to require the assembling of some organised body
of men by an act of authority. To mmmoniM to require
attendance by an act of stringent authority.
— r. i. L To speak in a loud voice ; to cry out. 2. To
make a demand, requirement, or request 3. To make
a brief visit ; also, to stop at some place designated, as
for orders. — n. 1. A calling, by the voice, by signs, by
writing, etc. ; a summons ; invitation. 2. A requirement ;
vocation. 3. A short visit 4. The privilege to demand
the delivery of stock or any commodity, at a fixed price,
at a time agreed on. [Broker^ Cant] — Oall'or, n.
Ctal-Uir^-Phy (kfi-lTg'ri-f j^), n. [Or. iroAAtypo^^ :
Eref. ffoAAi- (fr. vaA^c beautiful) + Ypo^i^ to write.]
legant penmanship. — (Ud - lif^ - plm, Oal-llC^-
Mit (-fist), n. - (talll-ffnplllo (kiiaT-grifTk)TOal'-
u-fnipl&lo-al, a,
<Mlltllc(k||lTng),n. 1. A crying aloud. 2. A sum-
moning or convocation. 3. Divine summons ; the being
divinely called. 4. One*s usual employment
Sfh. — Occupation ; employment: business; trade;
profession ; office ; engsgement ; vocation.
Ctal-U'0-po (kSl-ll'ft.p$), ». [Or. KoAAioin} the beauti-
ful-voiced; pref. KoAAt- + ^« htntt v<rfoa.] 1. Tha
Muse of eloquence and heroic poetry, chief of the nine
Muses. 2. A musical instrument consisting of a aeriei
of steam whistles. 3. A humming bird of Califoniia, etc
Oalll-ptlh' (UQ'lT-pSBhOt »• Calipash.
Ctol U-pte' (py), ». Calipee.
OalOl-ptrs (pSrs), n. p/. Calipers.
Oalllft-thMI'loi MTs-thSnmcs), ». Calistbeoioa.
Oal-lOBl-ty (-I5snr-ty), n. a liard spot or protaber-
ance : a thickening of skin or bark, eap. from friction.
OalOOBS (kUaos), a. [L. eallotus caUoos, hard, fr.
callus callous skin.] Hardened ; indurated. — CtailMS-
ly, adv. — OalloiUhMM, n.
Syn. — See Obdusatb.
OkllOW (id), a. [AS. calu bald.] 1. Destitute of
feathers ; naked ; unfledged. 2. Immatore ; boyish ;
" green. '»
Oal-lOW' (15^), H. [Named fr. lU note] The oki
squaw ; — a northern wild duck.
Oaians (-lliB), n. [L. See Callocb.] (a) Callosity.
(6) A cartilaginous substance formed in fractures of
bone, which becomes true bone and unites the fragments.
Oaim (kKm), n. [F. ealme^ LL. cawMO, Or. icav^a
heat, fr. km%9 to bum.] Freedom from motion or die-
turbance ; tranquillity ; quiet —v. /. To still <a quiet
Stu. - To still ; quiet ; appease ; allay : padfy ; trail-
quilixe : soothe ; compose ; assuage ; check ; restrain.
— a. 1. Not stormy ; without motion, as of winds or
wavea. 2. Undisturbed by emotion; quiet— OtlBlly,
acfr. — OAlm'llMS, tt.
Syn. — Still ; quiet : undisturbed ; tranquil ; 1
serene ; composed ; uumfSed ; sedate ; collected ; placid.
Ctal'O-mel (kil'«-u.8l), m. [Or. KoA^ beautiful-f
lUkan Uack.] Mild chloride of mercury, used in medi-
cine as a mercurial and purgative ; merouroos chloride.
Oa-knr^ (kA-l9r^k), n. [L. calor heat] Tbe prin-
ciple of heat. — o. Pertaiuing to caloric
Oft-lornULnot (T-d&kt), n. [L. calor + B. dnel.] A
tube for conducting heat ; caliduct
OiI'0-rle(kja'«.rT),n. [P.,fr.L.ea/or.] The French
unit of heat ; amount of heat which raises the temper-
ature of one kilogram of water 1^ centigrade.
Oal'O-rtflO (-rIfTk), a. [L. caloh/lau; calor -|-
facere to make.] Able to produce heat ; heating.
Oal'0-llm'e-ter (-rTm'*-t«r}, n. [L. cafor -f -^eter.]
Apparatus for measuring the beat contained In bodies.
OA-loM-mo'tOr (ki-l5r'T.m5n2r}, n. [L. ealor -)- E.
motor.] A voltaic battery, producmg heating effects.
Ctal'0-typO (kSr^-tip), n. [Or. xaX&t beautiful -|-
rviroc typeTl A photograph on sensitised paper.
Oal'troptkU'trSp), in. [AS. co//nrppe thistle.] 1.
Oal^trmp (kiiarip), \ A spbty herbaceous plsnt, very
annoying to cattie. 2. An instrument with four Iron
pohite, so disposed that one must project upward so as
to endanger advancing cavalry.
Oal'n-lliet (-tt-ml^t), n. [r., fr. L. calamut reed.] A
North American Indian pipe of peace.
Oa-lnm'Ill-ate (kA-l&ni'uT-itJ, r. t. & t. [L. calum-
niari^-atus. See Calumnt.] To accuse falsely and ma-
liciouiiiy. — Oa-liim'iil-ati<m, n. — Oa-liim'mki't«r, n.
Syn. - See Aspbbsb.
Oa-lom'iil-ons (-fis), Oa-liim'iil-a-to-ry (A-tt-rj^), a.
Containing calumny ; f«]se, malicious, and injurious to
reputation. — Oa-lum'ni-OIUI-ly, adv.
Syn. — Slanderous : defamatory; scurrilons; oppro-
brious; derogatory: libelous; abusive.
Oal'nm-ny (kSl^m-nj^), n. [L. calumnia^ it. ealri
to devise tricks, deceive.] False accusation made to in-
jure another ; malicious misrepresentation ; alander.
Oal'ra-ry (-vA-r^), n. [L. calraria a bare skoU, fr.
calm* bald.] 1. Place where Christ was crucified, near
Jerusalem. 2. A representation of the omciAxlon.
Oalye (kliv), r. t [as. cenlfian. See Calt.] L To
bring forth a calf. 2. To produce offspring.
Oal'Tin-Um (kll'vIn-Ti'm), n. Theological doctrines
S, i, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, fi, 1, 5, 0, ^, short ; lanAte, ^vent, tdea, dbey , ilnita, c4re, ttrm, ftak, 9II, flaoL
CALVINIST
87
CAN
of John Calvin, vkich include original dn or total de-
pravity, election or preiiestination, particular redemp-
tion, effectual calliiis, and the perMverance of tlie aainta.
— Oal'Tlll-lSt (kUMn-Ift), n. - Ctal'Ylll-Li'tic Oal'-
▼ia-is'llo-al, a.
OilZ (UUks), n. ; pi. E. Cauos (-Sx), L. Calcbs
(kJQ'aSz). [L. ealx limestone; cf. Or. x^^ * pebble.
Cf. Chalk.] Earthy residuum after a metal or mineral
his been sobjected to calcination or combustion by heat.
QP" M:tallic calxes are now called oride*.
Qal'y^de (kSKT-kM), n. [L. calyeulM small flower
bud, dim. of ealyz.} A row of small bracts, outside tiie
base of the calyx.
OtlyB (kiaik*), M. ; pi. E Calyxw (-««), L. Calyces
(Uia-sSs). [L. etiltfx, -ycU, fr. Gr. koXv^ husk, calyx,
£r. root of icaAiMrrciV to cover.] Out<».r covering of a
flower. E ich leaf of the calyx is a sepal.
Uim (kSiu), n. [Dau. kam comb, ridge ; or cf. Gael,
and Ir. cam b:ut.] A projecting part of a wl.eel or
moving piece in machinery,
■o ahaped as to give variable
motion to another piece
against which it acts.
OimnMr (kXm'bSr), n.
[OF. cambre curved; L.
camerare to arch over, fr.
camera vault, arch.] An
upward concavity in ttie un-
der side of a beam, girder,
lintel, or arch, also of a
ship's deck, etc. — r. /. & i.
To curve upward.
Ounnbtot (-bTst). n. [It.
eainbiMt€Lt It. L. camhire to
exchange.] A banker; dealer
in bills of exchange. ' ^ >»»•
nam hnnMl' (klm-bCOs'), ^l Neeille-Rar Cam t B Heart
n Caboose ^^ ^"" '• ^' ^'"'" ^''»*«^'-
I (-brT-A), n. Latin name of Walen. — Gam'-
talHUI, a. & n.
OuahbClo (kSinOnrTk), n. ICnmbrni a French city,
where it was first made.] 1. A fine, white fabric of flax
or linen. 2. A fabric of fine, hardspun cotton.
OUBt (kSm), imp. of Com.
Oam'el (kim'Sl), n. [OE. & OF. ; L. emnelut, fr. Or.
Ka#ii|ADc ; of Semitic
origin; cf . Heb.
tfaiiMi/, Ar. jatnal.l
1. A large rumiiumt
quadruped used in
Asia and Africa to
carry burdens and
for riding, fl. A
water - tii^it struc-
ture to assists vessel
I over a shoal.
to pass
cSii4iwiai-a (kA.
mSFlT-4 or -mS^yA),
«, [NL.;— from
Kamel^ a Jesuit who
brought it from the
East.] An Asiatic
genus of flowering
shrubs. BoctrUn Camel.
Oft - iimI ' o - pwd
(kA-ro<l'ft-I^d or kirn's!-), n. [Or. Kataikoirap^aXi^ \
cdfii|Aoff camel + iri£paaAtc pard, leopard.] The giraflTe.
OUB'O-O (kXm^-i), n. [It.] A carving in relief, esp.
one on a small scale used as a jewel.
Oaai'«-ia (-^r&), n. [L., vault, arch. LL., chamber.]
A chamber ; instrument having a chamber.
I) Osasta eteeva (8b-sku''r&). (a) An apparatus which
throws imafraa of external objecte on a white surface
wiUdn a dailiened chamber, so that the outlhies may be
traced, (b) A photosrapher's apparatus for throwing the
im«so of external objects upon a sensitized plate at the
back of a darkened box.
(kXm'T-sSdO, ) n. [F. camUade a night
Oaml-sa'ao (-T-sa'd6), ) attack.] (a) A shirt
worn over the uniform, to distinguish soldiers making a
'ht attack. (6) An attack by surprise.
Oaniltt (-lSt)f n. [F. eametot, Ar. kkamlat^ fr. khaml
pile, plush.] A woven fabric orig. of camel's hair, now
of goat's hair and silk, or of wool and cotton. [Some-
times written camelot and cnmblet.l
Oam'o-mUe, Otaani'o-mUe (-t-mii), n. [LL. eamo-
miUa^Qr. xofiaxfiifAoy, lit., earth apple.] A bitter medi-
cinal herb, whose flowers are tonic, febrifugal, and in
larve doees emetic, wliile the volatile oil la carminative.
OanipCk
field.] l.i
for shelter. 2. A collection of tents, huts, etc. 3. A
IP (kSmp), n. [F. ; It. eampo^ fr. L. campus plain,
field.] 1. Ground on which tents, huts, etc., are erected
company of persons encamped. — r. /. & i. To lodge.
Oamp bsdstsad, a bedstead folding for transportation.
— Oamp chair, Oamp stool, a folding chair or stool.
patjiut, fr. L. cfimptfjf.] 1. A larj^i,', Miitt^n pli*iti witljom
hilla* See CHAwriHisf. 2^ A seriei of uuLitdry ci|j^ra-
tiohi; Time duriiif^ wlJeU oJi aniiy itm]^ tW Hel<l. J.
Pctljtival (ipe rations precpflii) I? «i eleoiion ; s caiita^n. [ T.
S.l^r. i T«> etorve in nc4i;Li])nJ|^, — Oun-pAJO^Af t >'<
Cam pan'l-f OfiD { -i>a:ti1-i Arm K f'* l^l*^ ™ mpnnn i* iJ
OaiQ pa-nils fkAu/p4^uS'li>, *>. [It., l»U towtr,
ster^li^ , ir. it. A LL. Cii>n}ifmn,^ A Wil t^J^vi-r*
Qam pa-llQi'O-ffy (-nfll'^-jf), «. ILL. <-untpiifiii -f-
•lo'jif. ] Aft tyl rUiglfiK ItI1> ; n tretttlat mt tlip AtU
Can) paii'tl-la(-piLiL'ti'ldb). tt. [LL. catuoauHla little
bel], «Ihu. of cfinipnnft,] A k^ihi* i>f pUatfi waring Im»11-
sl].i[>tNl f|;i>wk^r^; — al»o i*4inefl h^iffhifrrr.
Cam-pBtt'ii late ^ f ti >, ". B^'ll *l*ped
Oam pealral {'\j^t/xw\\^ \ tr. fL. ntrnp^tfrr^ It. tvim-
0am pea'tti-an (trT-z/fj^, I ^j( fifUI.] RpLitiriie tu,
01 i;!"''^ iiiLT in, -i *]•-]'[ or f'^^-rn crum^-l.
Cam'phBno k;'iiii'irij '-. ri;iiii i,"ii^'i, «. niiMQrsktTiei
of i^heiuii.^ auObU.uce« rt:tiuiuk>lii4$ ciiiuphor
Oam-tfbilia' (kKm-fSn' or kSm'fTn), n. [Fr. camphor.}
Rectified oil of turpentine, used for burning in lamps,
and as a solvent in vamislies.
Oam'plltev (kim'fir), n . Old spelling of Camphor.
Oam'phor (-fSr), n. [F. eamphre^ LL. cun/orn, com-
phora^ fr. Ar. A-A/Mr.] An aromatic resin, or gum, from
an East Indian tree, used in medicine as a diaphoretic,
stimulant, or sedative. [camphor, i
Oflm'^lior-ate (-at), v. t. To impregnate or treat with |
Oun'pllOr-ate (-it), ) a. Combined or impregnated
Oam'pllOr-a'tod, I with camphor.
OUB-pllOf'lo (-fSrTk), a. Pertaining to, or derived
from, camphor.
Oam'pl-ail (-pT-ttn), n. [L. campus field.] A plant
of the Pmk family, bearing berries regarded att poisonous.
II Oam'plll (-p&s), n. [L., field.] The grounds sur-
rounding a college or school.
Oan (kSn), n. [AS. eanne ; akin to G. hmne.^ 1. A
drinking cup. 2. A vessel of sheet metal. — r. /. To
preserve in sealed cans.
Oaa. r. f . {imp. Could (k»d).] [AS. cunnan ; akin
to G. k'dnncn^ E. Ar» to know. The present tense / can
(AS. ic cann) was orig. preterit, meaning I have learned ^
hence I know, know how.} To be able ; to have power.
Syn. — Can but. Caw wot but. — It is an error to use
the former phrase where the sense requires the latter.
If we say, '* I can biU perisli if I go," *' but " means cmfy,
and denotes that this is ail or the worst that ran hapnen.
When the apostle Peter said, " We can not but speak of
the things which we have seen and heard," he referred
to a mors! constraint ; and meant. We can not help speak-
ing. This idea of a moral necessity is also expressed in
the phrase, "I can not help it." Thus we say, **I can
fin, recent, drb, r^de, fyll, Am, fdbd, f<^t, out, oil, cliafar, ^, sing, iQk, then, tlilii.
CANADA
88
CANNON
not but hope." '* I em not but think." etc.. in OMee in i
which it would be an error to use the phraae can but.
Oin'a-dA (Utt'i^A), n. A British province iu Nortli
America, giving ite name to various plants and animals. ,
— Oa-na'A-an (kA-ni^dT-an), a. &n. I
Oa-nallla' (ki-nftl'). n. [F., prop., a pack of dogs, fr. I
L. eanit dog.J The lowest class of people ; the rabble. I
Oa-nal' (-nUOv n. [F., fr. L. canatu canal, channel.]
1. An artificial water course. 2. Duct in animal bodies.
Oan'al OOal' (kin'al kSi'). Cannel coal. '
Oa-narA' (kA-niird' or -nKrOv n. [F., prop., a duck.]
An extravagant story ; sensational statement ; hoax.
Oa-nalT (*»i'ry)« f*- 1- Pertaining to the Canary Is-
lands. 2. Of a pale vellowish color. — n. 1. Wine
made in the Canary Islands ; sack. 2. A canary bird.
3. A pale yellow color, like that of a canary bird.
Caaury Mnl).A small sineing bird of tiie Finch family,
native of the Canary Islands, but brought to Europe iu the
Itith century, and made a household pet.
Oas'oel (kIn'aO), V. t. [imp, & p. p. Cahcblko or
Cancbllbd (-aSld); 0. pr. & vb. n. Cancbuko or Can-
OCLUMO.] [L. caneellare to make like a lattice, to cross
out, fr. cttneelli crossbars, dim. of cancer lattice. Cf.
Chancbl.] 1. To mark out by cross lines ; to obliterate.
2. To annul, revoke, or recall. 3. To suppress or strike
out (matter in type). — i*. {a) A suppresftion of matter
m type or printed. (6) The part stippresae«l.
Syn. — To blot out: obliterate: erase; expunge; an-
nul ; repeal ; do away : set aside. See Aboush.
Oan'oel-latlOll (-li'shfin), n. LA canceling. 2.
In arithmetic, the striking out common factors, La both
dividend and divisor.
Oan'oar (-sir), n. [L cnnctr^ cancriy crab, ulcer, a
sign of the sodiac.] 1. A
genus of decapod Crustacea,
including some of the most
common shore crabs. 2. (a)
The 4th of the 12 signs of the
xodiac ; the sign of the sum*
mer solstice, (ft) A northern
constellation between Gem-
ini and Leo. 3. A tumor,
often becoming an ulcer, and
rarely cured. ^ . _.
Oan'OCr-ata (-it), r. i. To CanarsHMg^rm of Europe,
grow Into a cancer. — (tan'oer-atioil, n.
Oan'oar-OOa (-ns)i «• Like a cancer; virulent; af-
fected with cancer.
Otn'orl-fonn (kij/krl-fftrm), a. [Cancer -f ■form.'\
1. Resembling a crab ; crab^haped. 2. Cancerous.
Oail'de-lanDrnm (kin'dt-IS'brfim), n. ; pt. L. Candb-
LABRA (-br4), E. Cakoblabrums (-brfiniz). [L., fr. can-
deln candle.] A large, branched candlestick.
Oan'dMlt (-d^nt), a. [L. candens^ p. pr. of candere
to glitter. Bee Camdid^ Heated to whiteness.
Oui'dld (-dTd), a. [F. cntuiide, L. cnndithn white,
fr. candirt to be of a glowing white. 1 1. Free from
biss; disposed to think and judge without prejudice.
2. Open; frank.— Oan'dld-ly.fft/r.—Oan'dld-neaa. n.
Syn. — Candid ; Faib; Opbn: Frank: Inobnuocs;
imptrtial ; just : artless ; unbiased ; equitable. - A roan
is fair when he puts things on a just footing ; he is can-
did when he looks impartially on both sides of a subjoct.
doing justice to an opponent's motives ; ho is oyx-/) and
frank when he declares his sentiments without rpserve ;
be is ingenuous when he does this from regard lor truth.
Oan'dl-date (-dT-dit), n. [L. candidatusy n. (because
candidates for offlce in Rome wore a white toga), fr. can-
dulns. ] One put forward as a suitable person for an offlre,
privilege, or honor. —Oan'dl-da-oy (-dA-sj^), Oan'dl-
date-ahip, Oan'dl-da-ture (-dt-t(tr; 40). n.
Oan'dla (-d'l), n. [as. candfK fr. L. candela a (white)
light of wax or tallow, fr. candere.^ A cylinder of tal-
low, wax, spermaceti, paraflOne, etc., containing a wick,
and used to furnish light.
OaB^dU-Uf hr (kXnM*MitO, n. The light of a c
Oan'tfla-maa (-mas), n. [AS. candelmxsge ; candH -f
mK»*e mass.] February 2d, the feast of the Purification
of the Virgiu Mary, — on which day are blessed candles
for the altar or other sacred uses. [candle. I
Oan'dlO-atlOk' (-stTkO* n. A utensil for supporting s I
Oan'dor (-dSr), n. [L., fr. candere. See Candid.]
Disposition to treat subjects fairly ; frankness ; sincerity.
Oan'dy (-d^), r. t. [F. candir, fr. Ar. & Pers. tjand
sugar.] 1. TO conserve or boil in sugar. 2. To make
sugar crystals of or in. 3. To incnist with sugar or with
candy. — v. t. L To have sugar crystals form in or oil
2. To solidify hi a candy like mass. — n. A preparation
or confection of sugar.
Oaae (kSn), n. [OE. & OF. ; L. eanna; Or. icovya.]
1. {a) One of several palms, having long, flexible stems,
commonly called rattans. (6) A reed ; bamboo ; sugar
cane. 2. A walking stick. — r. /. 1. To beat with a
cane. 2. To furnish (chair seats, etc.) with cane or rattan.
Canalnake' (-brakO, n. a thicket of canes.
llOa-Ulc'll-la (kA-nTk'd-U), n. [L., little dog, dim.
of canix dog.] The Dog Star ; Sirius.
Oa-Utc'n-lar (-I8r), a. Pertaming to, or measured by,
the rifting of the Dog Star.
Oa-nlna' (-uln'), a. [L. caninm, fr. conis.l 1. Per-
taining to the family Canidic^ or dogs and wolves ; having
the nature of a dog. 2. Pertaiuing to the canine teetli.
Oaahis tooth, a tooth between the incisor and bicuspid
teeth, so called because well developed in dogs ; an eye-
tooth, or the corresponduig tooth iu the lower jaw.
|i Oa'nla (ki'uTs), n. , pi. Canbs (-nfe). [L., dog.] A
genus of carnivorous mamniale, including dogs and wolves.
Oanla-tOr (kSnTs-tSr), n. [L. canistrum bMket
woven from reeds. Or. icai^trrpov, fr. komw
reed.] 1. A basket of rushes, reeds, willow
twigs, etc. 2. A box for tea, coffee, etc.
3. A case shot for cannon, in which balls are
inclosed in a case fitting the gun.
Oan^or (kSrintSr], n. [AS. <&' L. cancer I
a cancer; or cf. OF. cancre^ fr. L.] 1. A |
corroding ulcer; esp., a gangrenous ulcer in
the mouth. 2. Anything which corrodes or
corrupts. 3. A disease of trees, causing Caniater (Mtt.).
the bark to fall off. 4. A disease of a with part of caw
horse's foot, with separation of the homy **,'"r " 'r!.^'. '"
portion. 6. A worthless rose ; the dog- •**•** content.,
rose. ^ r. /. 1. To eat away ; to consume. 2. To infect ;
to corrupt. — r. i. To grow corrupt ; to become veno-
raoiit>. — Oanlcer-oiia, Oanlrar-y, a.
Oan'kar-WOnil' (-wOrmOv n. The larva o' certain
geometrid moths which eat the foliage of trees.
II Oan'oa-lda (kAn'ni-bTs), n. [L., hemp.] Hemp.
CtaumaMs Indica (Tn'^dT-kA), Indian hemp, a powerful nar-
cotic, now considered a variety of common hemp.
Oanliel OOal' (kSn'nei k510- [Con-up. fr. candle coal.]
A mineral coal of black colur, which bums with a cle;(r
flame, affording a substitute for candles.
Oaa'ni-bal (-nT-boI), n. [Cf. F. cannibale. Corrap.
of Caribales (E. Caribbees^ the inhabitants of the smaller
Antilles, who were man-eaters when discovered by Co-
lumbus).] A
human being
that eats human
flesh ; an animal
that devours its
own kind. — a. _
Relating to can- MuMle-l.^dinj? Can^n. A Formerly callH
IllbaU or canni- ( „.cal>pl ; // Fir>t Rrrnfi.rc* ; C St<;..ii.I
iMlism. — Oan'- Reinfoic* ; D ChaM- : A* S%> til of Muxrlc {
/' Trunnion ; G RmilwM' j a H*te riiiR ; ft
' ' d Mu2si« i t.
BaM of Brv«ch ; c Cai«t.b«rl
Chamber ; td Bore.
nl-bal-lam, n.
Oan'non
(-n&n), n. ; pi.
Cannons (-nnnz), collectively Cannon. [F. conon, fr. L.
canfia reed, tube. See Canb.] 1. A great gun ; a fire-
S, S, 1, 3, fl, long ; ft, fi, T, 5, tt, t« Btior^ '• aauate, fivent, tdea, Obey, (knite, cftre, iirm, iUk, fUl, final
CANNON
CANY
ann for diachargiiig heavy shot. 2. A kind of printiiig
type. See Gamom.
(huuoB telL a miMile to be fired from a cannon. Elon-
gated and cylindrical misailea are sometimes called boUs :
boUow ones charged with explosives are ahelU. — Oanaon
ihet. {a) A cannon balL {b) The rauge of a cannon.
Om'llOB (kln'nlin), n. & v. Englisli word for Caboh.
Oan^BQIHlde' (-S^')i •>• A diachargii^ cannon and
throwing balls, shellSf etc., against an armjr, town, ship,
or fort. — r. /. To attack with heavy artillery. — r. t.
To diachaxge cannon.
" M (-8r')» ^ 0"« ^*»o manages, or fires,
) cannon ; au artilleryman.
ll-ry (-ry), n. ArtiUery.
Oas'lMt (kXn'ndt). [Can to be able -f- no/.] Am, is,
or are, not able ; — written either as one word or two.
OSB^'ini-llir ^nfi-lir), a. [L. cannula small reed, dim.
of ea$uM cane. J Having the form of a tube ; tubular.
[Written alsocanufar.]
OaBUy, Oanllte (-n^), a. [Cf. Icel. ksmn skilled,
learned. Cf. KnH.f 1. Artful; shrewd; wary. 2.
Skillful ; capable. 3. Cautiotis ; prudent ; safe. 4. Oeutle.
Oa-BOe' (k4-uddOt »• L^P* canoa^ f r. Caribbeau ca-
ndoa,! 1. A
boat formed of
the tmuk of a . , ^^^^gunyug^^^.
tree, or of bark V .' r^^HT^^^T^ *
or aldiia. 2. A
light pleasure Indian Canoe.
boat, propelled by a paddie or by a small mU. ^r. {. To
manage a canoe, or voyage in a canoe. — Oa-aoelnj, n.
— Oa-BOt'lst, Cmi-ium^iuui, n.
Oail'MI (Mbi'&u>, n. [AS. cation rule, fr. L. canon
measuring line, rule, fr. Or. KoyuK rule, rod, fr. xdyii,
mojfwih reed.] 1. A law or rule. 2. The collection of
books received as genuine Holy Scri^ures ; the Bible.
3. A member of a cathedral chapter ; holder of a prebend.
4. The largest sfse of type havlnff a specific name.
OaaoB law, the body of eccleatastiod
law adopted in the Christian church.
t'l OM'WaofikJi'nytuf ; angticixed kln'-
yfin), n. [Sp., a tube or hollow, fr.
eaUa reed, L. canna. See Cavb.] A
deep gorge or gulch, between high
banks, worn by water courses.
OnfOB INUM' (kitt'fin bSnO. [F. canon, fr. L. canon
a rule.] Tlie shank bone, or great boue above the fet-
k>ck, in a horse, etc.
OlB'Oll-MS (-Ss), n. A woman who holds a canonry.
Oa-BOnlO (kA-n<k/Tk), ) a. [L. canonicuSy fr. canon.]
Oft-noO'llHd (-T-kal), ) Pertaining to, established
Inr, or according to, a canon or canons.— Oa-non'io-
al-lT, adv. — Oa-nonlO-al-MMI, n. [the clergy. I
Oa-BOnlO-alB (-T-knls), n. pi. Full official dress of |
Oa-nOttt-oate (-kit), n. Office of a canon ; canonry.
Oan'on-iol-ty (kSn^an-Tsnr-tj^), ». state of being ca-
nonical ; apeemeut with the omon.
Oan'on-llt, n. A professor of canon law ; one skilled
faj eccleeiaatica] law. — 0an'0ll4i'tt0, a.
Oan'on-lie (-is), v.L L To deck&re (a deceased per-
son) a saint ; to put in the catalogue of saints. 2. To
exalt to the highest honor. — Oan'on-l-satloa, n.
Oan'OB-ry C-rf), Oan'on-ablp, n. A benefice or pre-
bend in a cathedral or collegiate church; dignity or
emoluments of a canon.
OUk'O-pf i-^'V9)i **• [LL. conopevm a bed with mos-
quito curtains, fr. Or. Kmrnttuov^ fr. moKw^ grnat.] 1. A
covering over a bed, or carried over an exalted person-
age, saored object, etc 2. An ornamental projection,
over a door, niche, etc. ; rooflike covering, over an altar,
statue, etc ^v.t. To cover with a canopy.
Oaat (kint), n. [OF., edge, angle, prob. fr. L. con-
thu» iron ring round a wheel, Or. Kaveo% comer of the
eye, felly of a wheeL] 1. An outer or external angle.
)cmc name.
Aa
Canon Type.
2. An inclination from a horixontal line ; alope ; tilt. 8.
A sudden thru>it or other impulse, producing a change of
direction ; bias or turn so given. ^v.U 1. To Incline ;
to tilt over ; to tip upon the edge. 2. To give a sudden
turn or new direction to. 3. "[^ cut off an angle f ronu
Oant (kint), n. [OF. canty F. cAon/, shiging, fr. tlie
whining tone of beggars, f r. L. canttu. See Cbaht. ] 1.
Affected, singscmg speech. 2. Idioms of any sect or
occupation. 3. Insincere use of religions phraseology ;
hypocrisy. 4. Vulgar jargon ; slang. — a. Affecteu ;
vulgar. —V. i. L To whine. 2. To make whining pre-
tensions to religion, philanthropy, etc. ; to practice
hypocri^. 3. To use pretentious Unguage, barbarous
janron, or technical terms; to affect learning.
Can't (k4ut). Colloquial contraction for can not.
Oan'ta-lrap (kSn'tAricdp), n. Cantaloupe.
Oan'ta-ler'er (-WvSr), n. ICmU external angle -f-
lever.1 [Written also cantalivcr and cantilever.'] 1. A
bracket to support a balcony, cornice, etc 2. A pro-
jecting beam, truss, or bridge unsupported at the outer
end ; one which overhangs.
Oanta-lonpe (-US&p), n. [From CantalupOy ni^roe of a
castle in Italy, where they were grown.] A muekmelon.
II Oan-ta'ta (kin-ttt'tA), n. [it, f r. cantare to ahig, L.
canere.] A poem set to music ; musical drama.
Oan-toen' (kSn-t2nO> n. [V.cantine.] 1. A soldier *s
flask for water, liquor, etc [Written also cantine.] 2.
Sutler *s shop in a garrison ; chest for culinary vessels.
Oanter (kin'ter), n. [Abbr. of Canterbury gallopy
gentle gallop used by pilgrims riding to Canterbury.] Au
easy gallop adapted to pleasure riding. — r. i. To move
in a canter. — v. t. To ride (a horse) at a canter.
Oant'er, n. One who cants or affects goodness.
Oantha-llS (-th&-rTs), n. ; pi. CAirrHARlois (-thSr^-
I-d&i). [L., a beetle.] A beetle of brilliant green color
and nauseous odor ; — also called blister beetle and SpaTt-
uh fly. The plural form is usually applied to tlie dried in-
sects used in medicine. — Oaii-tbara-daK-thSrT-d/fl),^.
Oantl-Cle (-tT-k'l), n. [L. canticulum little song, dim.
of cantieum song, fr. canere to sing.] 1. pi. The Song
of Solomon, a b(X>k of the Old Testament. 2. A passage
from the Bible, chanted in church service.
Oan^-ley'er (-tT-lSv^r), n. Cautalever.
Oanto (-ti), n. [It., f r. L. canttu soug.] One of the
chief divisions of a long poem.
Oan'ton (-t&n), n. [F., augm. of OF. cant edge, cor-
ner.] A small territorial district; one of tlie inde-
pendent states of Switzerland ; a subdivision of a French
arrondissement. — V. t. 1. To divide into districts. 2.
To allot quarters to (parts of an army). — Oan'tOB-al, a.
Oantoa crape' (krSpO. A silk fabric, of gauzy tex-
ture, used for ladies* scarfs, shawls, etc.
Oanton flanllOl (HSu'nSl). Cotton flanneL
Oan'ton-lae (-iz), r. /. To divide into cantons.
Oan'ton-mailt, n. A district assigned to a body of
troops for shelter or rest ; quarters.
Oan-tOOn' (-t55n'), n. A cotton stuff showing a fine
cord on one side and a satiny surface on the other.
Oaa'yaa (-vos), n. [F. canevcuy L. cannabis hemp.1
1. Strong cloth made of hemp, flax, or cotton ; — uaea
for tents, sails, etc. 2. (a) Coaive cloth having regular
meshes for needlework, (b) Cloth prepared to receivu
painting in oil. — a. Hade of, or like, canvas.
Oau'vas-lMCk' (-bSk'), n. An American sea duck of
delicate flesh ; — named from the markings of its plumage.
Oan'vass, v. t. [OF. canabasser to examine curiouuv,
to search out; prop., to sift through canvas.] 1. To
sift ; to scrutinize (votes, etc.). 2. To examine by dis-
cussion ; to debate. 3. To go through, with personal
solicitation or public addresses. — r. t. To search
thoroughly ; to solicit. — n. 1. Close inspection ; review
for verification. 2. Search; exploration; solicitation.
— Oan'TaM-ar , n. [with canea. I
Oan^ (ka'nj^), a. Pertaining to cane ; aboundkig|
fern, recent, <Vrb, r|}de, fyll, Ikm, food, fo^ot, uu:, oil, cliair bo, siits, iuk, tbeu, thin.
CANYON
90
CAPRICE
GiS'yOB (UD'ylin), n. Bnglish form of Camov.
Oai^SO-lMC' (-xi-nSt/), n. [It. oaTaonetta, dim. of
canzone soDg.] A abort song, Ui one or more parta.
OAOnt'OhOBO (k50'cb5&k), n. [F., fr. 8. Anier. njune.]
A tenacious, elastic, gummy substance obtained from
a^ of several plants of Soutb America, Asia, and Africa.
Also called India rubber (because first brought from
India, and used to rub out pencil marks) and gum elastic.
Gap (kSp), n. [AS. exjwe cap, cane, hood, fr. LL.
eapoT] 1. A covering for the head. a. Top, or upper-
most part. 3. A large size of writing paper, —v. t, 1.
To provide with a CM or cover. 2. To complete.
dA'pA-Ue (ka'pA-bU), a. [F. ; LL. eapabUU capa-
cious, capable, fr. L. oapere to take, contain.] 1. Poe-
sesaing ability or qualification; of sufficient sise or
atren^h. 2. Possessing adequate power, eap. legal
power or capacity. -*-0rpft-1d«-MMI, OA'pA-bill-tT. «.
Syn. — Able ; ccmipetent ; efficient ; effective ; skiUfuL
Wpk'fAaOM (kA-pi'shtts), a. [L. copox, -octt, fr.
capereA 1. Having capacity; able to contain much.
2. Qualified to take large views of thinn, atf in obtain-
big knowledge or forming designs. — Oa-«l'olOIIS-lyi
OA-pa'olOIIS-MMI, n. [to qualify.
Oa-pw/l-Ut* (-pKsnr-tat), v. t. To render capable .
OA-pAOl-t][ (-ty), n. [L. eapacUa*^ fr. cnpox.] 1.
Power of receiving or containing ; extent of room or space.
2. Comprehensiveness of mind; receptive faculty. 3.
Power resulting from possession of strength, weiitb, or
talent. 4. Outward circumstances ; occupation ; position.
6. Legal or moral qualification ; legal power or right.
8yn. — See ABiLrrr.
II Oap'-A-pto' (kIp'A-peO, adv. [OF. {de) cap-a-pie
from head to foot ; L. aiput head 4- pc* foot.] From
head to foot ; at all points.
OA-part-Mm (kA-pftrT-sfin), n. [F. caparaaon, it. Sp.
eaparazon cover for a aaddle, coach, etc. ; capa cloak,
cover (fr. LL. cava cape) -f- term, '•azon.'] 1. Harness
of a horse. 2. Rich clothing, —p. /. To deck or adorn.
Oapo (kip), M. [F. capy fr. L. cap«L'\ A point of
laud, extending into water ; promontory ; headland.
Oapo,n. [OE. & F. cape. See Cap.] A sleeveless
garment han^iig over the back, arms, and shoulders.
(holier (ka'pSr), f. i. [Fr. older capreoll to caper, fr.
L. caper ^ copra ^ goat.] To leap about ; to prance ; to
dance.— n. A frolicsome leap or spring; skip; prank.
OA'p«r, n. [F. cdpre. fr. L. capparis, Ar. & Per. al-
kabar."^ The pungent flower bud of a European and
Oriental shrub also called caper; — used for pickles.
Oapsr bash, Capsr trse, the (plant) caper.
Ou^pn-heitrf (•bSr'rj^), n. The berry of the caper,
used hi pickleit and as a condiment.
llOa'Fi-M (kS'pT-Ks), n. [L., thou mayst Uke.] A
writ commanding an officer to arrest one named in it.
Oap'll-U'oecnis (kSp^Tl-la'shfis), a. [L. capillaceus
hairy, f r. capilht* hair. J Having long filaments ; slender.
Oa-nUla-mailt (k&-pTl'lA-meiit), n. [L. capUlamen-
film, fr. capillus.} Hairy covering ; fine fiber ; filament.
Oap'll-larl-ty (kSpOTl-lSra-ty), n. 1. a being capU-
lary. 2. The action by which tlie surface of a liquid,
where in contact vHth a solid (as in a capillary tube), is
elevated or depressed ; capillary attraction.
Oap^-U-ry (kipOl-lt-ry or ki-pllld ry), a. [L. ca-
pUlariSf fr. capillus.} L Resembling a hair; fine ; very
slender. 2. Pertaining to capillary tubes or vessels. «
n. 1. A tube or vessel, extremely fine or minute. 2.
A minute, thin-walled vessel ; one of the smallest blood
vessels connecting arteries and veins.
Oapl-tal (kapa-tal), a. [F. ; L. capUalit, fr. caput
head.] 1. Pertaining to the head, or to the forfeiture of
the head or life ; punishable with death. 2. First in im-
portance. 3. Of first rate quality ; excellent.
Capital letter, a leading or heading letter, used at the
of a sentence and as th«^ first letter of certain
words, dlstiutniished by di£Ferent form and larger size
from the small (/otrrr-cr/***) letters. — ~ "
- Small caplUii Isttsrs
have the form of capital letters and the beigbt of 1
case letters. — Capital stock, money, property, or stock
invested in any business, corporation, or inatitutioii.
Syn. — Chief ; leading; ctmtroUing; prominent.
— n. [L. capitellum^ capitnlujn^ small head, head or
capital of a column.
dim. of eaput.'^ 1.
The head or upper-
most member of a
column, pilaster,
etc. 2. Seat of gov-
ernment ; chief city
in a country; me-
tropolis. 3. Prop-
erty employed in
trade, manufac-
tures, etc.; sum
invested or lent.
4. A capitol letter.
Oap'1-tal-Ut
(kIp'l-tol-Ist),«.
One who hascapital;
<»>e who invests
money or has large
property employed
in business.
Cftpl-tal-ll»(-!z),
V. t. 1. To convert
into capital, or use
as capital. 2. To
compute or assess
the capital value of
(a patent right, an-
nuity, etc.). 3. To
print in capital let-
ters, or with an
initial capital.—
Oip'l-tal-l-ia'llon
CAPITALS.
(-I-z5'shttn),n.
Oapl-tal-ly, adv,
ture of tlM head or life,
Moorish.
Qysantiue.
1. In a way involving the forfei-
oeUenUy. \CoUoq.}
Oapl-tatiOll (-a'shlin), n. [L. capUatio a poll tax,
f r. cdptU.'] A tax upon each head or person ; poll tax.
(tapl-tol (-tOl), n. [L. capitoliumt fr. caput.} 1.
The temple of Jupiter, at Rome. 2. A government
house ; the edifice at Washington occupied by the Con-
gress of the United States.
Om-ptt^-lar (ki-pTt'fi-lSr), n. [L. capitulum a chap-
ter, dim. of caput head, chapter.] 1. An act PMMd in
a chapter. 2. A member of a chapter. 3. The head
or prominent part. — a. 1. Pertaining to a ch^iter ;
capitulary. 2. Pertaining to a capitulum.
Oa-plrtt-U-ry (-lt-r]^)« n. 1. A capltufaur. 2. A co^
lection of laws or statutes. — a. Capitular.
Oa-plt^-lat0 (-1st), V. i, & t. [LL. capitularcy 4a-
tuffiy to capitulate.] To surrender on terms agreed upon.
II Oa-plt^-llim (-Ittm), n. ; pi. Cafitula (-U). [L.,
a small head.] 1. A thick head of flowers on a short
axis, as a clover top, or u dandelion ; a composite flower.
2. A knoblike protuberance of any part, esp. at the end
of a bone or cartilage.
Cte-poch' (kA-p55ch0t n. [Sp. capuchOy LL. eaputiuw,
fr. capa cloak.] A hood ; hood of a roonk^s gown. —
r. /. TO cover with a hood ; to hoodwink or blind.
Oii'pQII (kl'p*n), n. [AS. capUUy L. capOy fr. Or.
ffivwF ; akhi to K&imw to cut.] A nude chicken gelded
to improve his flesh for the table. —v. t. To castrate.
Oap^ra-0-Utt (kip'ri-t-lit or kA-prS'-}, a. [L. capreo-
lu$ wild goat, tendril, fr. caper goat,] Havklg tendrils.
Oa-prwe' (kA-pr5s'), n. [F., fr. L. capery capray goat.]
An abrupt change of mind ; a notion.
Syn. — Freak ; whim ; crotchet ; fancy ; vagary ; hu-
mor ; whimsey : fickleness.
fi, 5, T, 5, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, A, tf "hort ; senate, ^vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cAre, Mrm, &sk, ^ll, fliMrt.
CAPRICIOUS
91
CARBONIZATION
fkk-pcyfAtnm OoHpsUh^Ba), a. €k>Terned bv caprice ;
apt to change auddenlv. — Cw-pffolinUhly, adv.
Syn. — Freakiah ; vhimaical ; fickle ; crotchety ; fltfal ;
wayward ; changeable ; inconstant ; arbitrary.
(tep^tl-OOni (kXi/rT-k6m), n. [Lb eapricomu$ ; caper
-f- eomu horn. J L The lOtb dgn of the sodiac, which
the ann enters at the winter aolatioe, about Dec. 21. 2.
A toothem coiutellation.
Oaptl-tfU (•«), ». [F.,fr.L. coper.] L A leap that
a horae makes with all fours, without adTanoing. 2. A
caper, as in dancing. — r. i. Toperf orm a capriole.
OiV'U-eam (••T-kfim), n. [NLb, fr. L. capsa box,
ffheer ] A genus of plants produciiu^ capsules of exceed-
ingly pungent taste, which yield red or Cayenne pepper.
Oa^Hrfat' (kXpsisO, v. t. & i, [Cf. Sp. cabeeear to
nod, pitch ; fr. L. caput head.] To upset or overturn.
Oup'litM' (kip'ns'), n. An upset or orertum.
Oip'StlUl (-stSn),' n. [F. cabe^an^ fr. 8p. cabestratUe^
It. cAesirar to bind with a halter, f r. cabeslro^ L. capis-
irum halter, fr. capere to hold.] A machine for raising
an anchor or moring heavy weights.
Oap^BB-lar (-st-lSr), la. like or pertaining to a cap-
Ckp^lm4a-r7 (-It-ry), j sule ; hollow and fibrous.
Oap'lm^att (-st-ltti, ) a. inclosed in a capsule, or
Oup^n-lft'tadC-li'tSd),) as in a box.
Ot^WSUB (-•al)* n. [L. eapnOa little box, fr. eapsa
* " fr. capere to
k] 1. A pod of
a plsnt, which opens to dis-
charge the seeds. 2. A g»>
latinons envelope faiclosuig
nauseous doses to be swal-
lowed. 3. A membranoos
sac oontalning fluid, or in*
vesting an oigan or Joint.
4. A metallic seal for oloa-
iug a bottle. 6. A small
metal shell for a perooisloo
' '1ge,etc.
. T-«n),«. [OK.
A OF. capitatHt LL. oapi-
tanus^ fr. L. cajput head.]
1. A head, or chief oiBoer.
5. A miUtaiT leader. ~0ulAii|.e7,aaFlalBHAI».fi.
dApllon (-shfin), ft. [Il capiiOj fr. capere to take.]
1. A certificate attached to a legal instrument, showing
where, when, and by what authority, it was executed.
2. The heading of a chapter, section, or page.
OapHoBi (-shtts). a. [L. captionu.^ X Apt to find
fbolt ; difllcult to please. 2. Fitted to harass, perplex,
or Insnare. — Oap^lloui-ly, adv. — OaptllNUI-MM, n.
8yn« — Oaptioub ; Gaviuvo ; GAaporo ; fault-finding ;
censorious ; hjrpercritical ; paerish ; fretful ; pei verse :
troublesome. — A captious person has a fault-finding habit
or is disposed to catch at faults, errors, etc., with quar-
relsome intent ; a cavUing person is disposed to raise ob-
iections on frivolous grounds ; carping fanplies that one
IS given to iU-natured; persistent, or unreasonable fault-
finding, or picking up of the words or actions of others.
Oa^tt-TIt* (-tT-vit), V. t, [L. captivare, HMifum, to
capture.] To capture by art or attraction; to fascinate;
to charm. — Ot^H-ya'tlng, a. — Oftp^ya'tlon, n.
8yn«— To enslave: suMue; overpower; charm; en-
chant ; bewitch ; faadnato ; capture ; lead captive.
Oap^thrt (-tTv), n, [L, eaptivtu, fr. capere to take.]
1. A prisoner; one kept fad bondage. 2. One captivated
or subdued by beauty, excellence, or affection. « a. 1.
•• ' "loner; held in bondage. 2. Subdued by love;
; captivated.
Oup-tM-tT (-tYv^-^), n. State of being a captive or
under control ; subjection of the will or aflTections.
Stu* — Imprisonment ; confinement; bondage; sub-
jecaoo ; servftude ; slavery ; thralldom ; serfdom.
Oftplor(-tSr), !». pL] One who captures.
" I (-tVr ; 40), n. \Jj. captura, fr. capere.'] 1.
Cspsnles. a Datura t b Pop-
py I e Oentian.
A seising, or getting possession of. 2. The thing taken ;
a prise ; prey. — v. t. To seize ; to overcome and bold.
syn. — Beiiure ; apprehension ; arrest ; detention.
fhjffn-HltdBf (kSp'fi-shSnO, n. [F. capwiin monk who
wears a cowl, fr. It. cappuocio hood. See Capoch.] 1.
A Franciscan monk, who wears the cowl of St. Francis.
2. A woman's hooded cloak. 3. (a) A South American
monkey having hair like a monk's cowl, {b) A pigeon
having a hoodlike tuft of feathers on the hesd.
Oftp^-dlie (-sin), n. A capuchin (monkey).
II Okftnt (kVpOt), n. / pi. Capita (klp^-tA). [L., tb«
head.] 1. The head ; also, a knoblike protuberance or
capitulum. 2. The top of a thing.
Our (kar), n. [OF., fr. Lb camu wagon.] 1. A
vehicle, usually having two wheels and drawn by one
horse ; cart. 2. A vehicle adapted to the rails of a rail-
road. 3. A chariot of war or of triumph.
Ctar'a-1lllM(kXr'A.bin),n. A carbine.
Oar'tt-OOto (-k51), n. [¥., fr. Sp. caracal snail, wind-
ing staircase, a wheeling about.] 1. A half turn which
a horseman makes. 2. A spiral staircase. — v. i. To
more in caracoles ; to wheeL
llOA-rato'CkA-r&fO, n. [F.] A glass water botUe.
Oai'a-IIMl (Ub/A-mSl), n. [F., LL. cnnna meUit
sugar cane ; L. canna reed -f- ^f^^ tnellie^ honey.] L
Burnt sugar; a browu or black porous substance ob-
tained by heating sugar, and used for coloring spirits,
gravies, etc. 2. A kind of candy.
Otf'A-pMe (kir'i-pas), Our^a-paz (-pftks), n. [F.
carapace.'] SheU on the back of the tortoise, crab, etc.
Oai'at (kSr^t), n. [F. ; Ar. qfrat pea shell, a weight
of 4 grains, a carat, fr. Or. Ktpdrtoy little horn, fruit of
the carob, a weight, a carat] 1. The weight by which
precious stones are weighed. 2. A tMth part ; —said of
the fineness ot sold.
Oai^a-Taa (-i^vln), n. [F. caravanef fr. Per. kanpStu]
1. A company of pilgrims, merchants, showmen, etc.,
traveling together. 2. A covered Tehicle for passengers
or for moving furniture, etc. ; — shortened into ran.
Oara-vanrsa-ry (-vSn'sik-r]^), n. [r. camransSrai,
fr. Per. karvinsarSl ; kancan -)- MrSi palace, inn.] An
Oriental inn, where caravans rest at night. [Written
also caravaMemi and caravansera.l
Oai'a-vai (-v«l), n. [F. cararelU, it. Sp. caraba^ L.
caraJbut light boat. Or. Kapafiot light ship.] (a) A ship
of the Middle Ages, (fr) A French fishing boat, (r) A
Turkish man-of-war. [written tdao carvel Ukdcarareile.]
Oar^a-way (-wt), n. [F. carvi^ fr. Ar. karawJa, fr.
Or. ff^Epor.] L A biennial plant of the Parslev family,
whose aromatic seeds are lued in cookery and confec-
tionery, also in medicine as a carminative. 2. A cake
or sweetmeat containing caraway seeds.
OaitlllM (kiu/bin), n. [F. carabine, fr. LL. eabulus
a projectile machine, fr. Or. KarafiaWtw to throw down.]
A short musket or rifie. — Oarlll-llMr' (-bT-nSrO« n.
Otf-MllO (-bSlTk), a. [L. earbo coal -f- olevm oil.]
Pertaining to an acid derived from coal tar and other
sources, tatd used as a disinfectant.
Oarnbon (-bSn), n. [F. carbone, fr. "L. rarbo."] A
non-metallic substance present in all organic compounds,
forming the base of charooal, and entering largely into
mineral coals. In its pure crystallized state it consti-
tutes the diamond, also graphite or blscklead.
" ' ■ -nJ'sh
'-bt-nS'shtis), a. Pertaining to, con-
taining, or composed of, carbon.
Oai^bon-ate (-bSn-it), n. A salt of carbonic acid, as In
limestone, some lead ores, etc. [from, carbon. I
Oar-bOlllO (-bdnTk), a. PertAinlnv to, or obtained]
OarntKni-iror-OlU (k&r'bSn.Tf'Sr-fis), a. ICarbon +
'ferou*.} Producing or containing carbon or coal.
Oai^bon-lae (-iz), r. /. 1. To convert (an animal or veg-
etable substance) into a residue of carbon bv fire or some
corrosive agent : to char. 2. To impregnate or combine
with carbon. — Oar'lWII-l-ntloil, n.
fSn, recent, drb, ryde, fyll, €lm, f^Tod, ftfbt, out, oil, chair, go, sins. iQk, then, tbln.
CARBOY
d2
CARNATION
ChufbOf (kUKboi), n. [Ir. & OfteL earb buket] A
laive gUn bottle. e«p. one inclosed in haaket work.
ObinMin-Cle (-otto-k'n, n. [Lb earbuncultu a little
coal, tumor, dim. of carbo coaL j 1. A gem of deep red
color. 2. Acute inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue,
liaTingno core, as a boil has, and frequently fatal ; — also
calledan/Araz. — 0ar-1ran'0ll-Ur (-bui/ka-l2r), a.
Oai'lm-rot (-bd-rSt), v. t. limp. & p.p. Carbubstsd
or -RBTm> (-ret'Sd) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Cabsukktuiq or
-RvrnNo.] To comoine or to impregnate with carbon.
Oar'oaM (-kos), n. [Written also careaM.I [F. car'
eatsey fr. L. caro flesh + capsa chest, case.] 1. A
corpse ; dead body. 2. Decaying remains of a ship, etc
Cwrfl (kSrd), n. [F. earley fr. L. chartOy Or. x«>P^f
paper.] L A piece of pasteboard, or thick paper ; jH,
a game played with caroa. 2. A published note of ex-
idanation, request, thanks, etc. ; printed programme ;
attraction or inducement. 3. A paper showing the
points <rf the compass ; face of the mariner's compass.
Oaid, n. [F. earde teasel, head of a thistle, card, fr.
L. carduiu thistle.] 1. An instrument for disentangling
and amusing fibers of cotton, wool, etc., or cleuiiug
hair of anlm^A 2. A roll of fiber delivered from a
carding machine. — v. t. To comb with a card.
Otf^-IIIOIIl(ki(r'dA-mBm),n. [Gr.Kap^afUd^Mw.] An
East India plant of the Ginger family, and ita aromatic
•eed, used as a condiment, and in medicine.
CtardlKMXd' (kiird'hCrdO* n. Stiff compact paste-
board, for carda, etc
II Oai'dlm (kiir^dT-A), n. [Or. KopSia heart.! (a) The
heart. (6) The anterior orifice of the stomach.
Oai'dl-AO (-Xk), a. 1. Pertaining to the heart. 2. Ex-
citing action in the heart, through the stomach ; cordial ;
stimulant. — n. A cordial. — Oir-dl'a-Oill (-dFA-kal), a.
II Oardl-al'gl-a (-S1'JT-A), \ n. [Or. KapBio^yOi ; Kop-
Oai^dUl'cy (-«'ji^), J «itt -f- ^yoi pain.] A
p^in referred to the region of the heart ; heartburn.
Oir'di-Bal (-uffl), a. [L. cnn1innli.% fr. cardo hinge,
that on which a thing depends.] Of fundamental im-
portance; chief; principal. — 71. 1. One of the ecclesi-
astical princes of the Roman Catholic church who con-
stitute the pope's council, or sacred college. 2. A
woman's hooded cloak. 3. Mulled red wine.— Oar'^-
lul-ate, Oar^dl-nal-sliip, n.
Oardl-Ol'O-nr (-«l'«-ly), n. [Or. Koniia heart +
-fofft/."} Boinnce of the heart and ita functions.
II Otf-dltls (-dl'tTs), n. [NL., fr. Or. Kop^ia -t- -V/i*.]
Inflammation of the muscular subfitance of the henrt.
Otr-dOOn' (-d65n'), n. [F. cordon thistle, L. cnrduiu.']
An herbaceous salad plant related to the artichoke.
Oare (kftr), n. [AS. cam, ceani ; akin to OS. kara
sorrow. Not akin to ctirc] 1. Burdensome retponsi-
bility; trouble caused by onerous duties. 2. Respon-
sible charge or management. 3. Atteution or heed ;
watchfulness. 4. Object of anxiety. —v. i. To be
anxious or solicitous ; to have rejrvrd or intprest.
Syn. — Cark: Awximr; Solicitude; Concern; cau-
tion : regard ; manaecment : direction ; oversight. — Care
belongs to the IntAllert, and becomes minful from over-
burdened thought. Anrietv denotes aistrensiug uneasi-
ne.M from dre-tci of evil. Soliritvde expre-sses the same
feeling in a diminished degree. Concern is opposed to
indiffernxce^ and implies exer'*i»»e of anxious thought.
Oa-reen' (ki-ren'), v. t. [OF. carinery fr. cnrine bot-
tom of a ship, L. carina.'] To cause (a vessel) to lean
over to one side, exposing the other side for repairs
below the water line. — r. i. To lie over to one side.
Oa-reei/ (-rSr'), n. [F. earrihre race course, L. car-
rtw wagon.] 1. A race course, 2. Full speed. 3.
General course of conduct. •- r. i. To move rapidly.
Oirefnl (kfir'fyl), a, [AS. cearfuL'] Taking care;
givinor goo<l heed ; not Indifferent or reckless. — Oaro'-
tnl-ly, adv. — Oare^l-neas, n.
Syn. — Anxious : solicitous; provident; thoughtful;
cautious; circumspect; heedful; watchful; vigilant.
aaralaM (kir^Ss), a. [AS. cearle6s.'\ 1. Free from
care or anxiety ; light-hearted. 2. Not taking proper
care; negligent; unconcerned. 3. Without thought
or purpose ; without attention to rule ; unstudied ; rmah.
— GaiVleM-ly, adv. — OanleMiieM, n.
Syn. — Negligent ; heedless ; thoughtless ; inattentive :
unthinking ; incautious ; remiss ; supine ; forgetful ; re-
gardless ; inconsiderate ; listless.
Oa-rtM' (kA-r«8'), n. [F. earetsey fr. L. ram* dear.]
An act of endearment, or expressiou of affection or ten-
demess. — r. /. To treat lovingly.
Syn.— To fondle; pet; coddle; court; flatter.
Oafrot (ka'ret or kXr'Bt), n. [L., there lacks, fr. carere
to want.1 A mark [^1 indicating something interlined
which belongs in the place marked.
Oare'WOni' (kfir'wSmO, a, Woni with care.
Oar'ffO (kar'g^), n. [Sp., fr. cargar to load, charge.]
The lading of a vessel ; load ; freighU
Oarl-lMm (kXra-bS5), n. [Canadian French.] The
American reindeer.
Oarl-fia-tnr* (-kA-tur), n.
[It. caricaturoy fr. c-rriorrf to
overload, exagfferate. ] Xw i<:t-
aggeration of characttrint tra^ i^«
in a picture or de-
scription; a biur-
lesque ; parody. —
v.t. To burlesque.
— Oarl-oa-tn'-
iist.n.
llOa'd-as (kS'.
rT-Sz), n. [L., de-
cay.] Ulceration
of bone.
II Oa-il'lui (kA-
rl'n4), n. [L.,
keel.] 1 A keel
or part of a papil-
ionaceous flower
inclosing the or-
gans of fnictifica-
tion. 2. The keel of the breastbone of birds.
Oar'l-Bate (kSKTntt), ) a. Shaped like a ship's keel
Oarl-na^ted (-ni^tStl), ) or prow ; having a carina.
Oait-Ole (-51), n. [F. carriole^ dim. f r. L. carrus car. ]
A small, open one-horse carnage or calaah.
Oatl-aiUI (ka'rl-tts), a. [L. cariotus, fr. caries decay.]
Affected with caries ; decaying.
Oarl (kSrl), n. [AS. ceorl fellow.1 1. A rude fellow ;
churl. 2. Large stalks of hemp which bear the seed.
Oar'Biar (kar'mon), n. Driver of a car or cart.
Oar-mln'a-tiyo (-mTn'i-tTv), a. [NL. cortn»n<r/ir«<,
fr. carminare to cuxl, to cleanae.] Expelling wind from
the body; warming; antispasmodic— n. A substance
tending to relieve colic, griping, or flatulence.
Oarlnina (-min), n. [F. carmine fr. LL. enrmefinni
Surple.l 1. A rich red color with a shade of purple.
. A pigment prepared from cochineal. — Oar-mUllo
(-mTn'fk), a.
Oar'naKe (kar'nfij), ». [F. ; LL. camah'cvm flesh of
animals, fr. L. cam. See Cabnal.] 1. Flesh of slain
animals or men. 2. Great deftructiou of life; blood-
shed ; slaughter ; mai'S'icre ; havoc.
Oai/iial (-nol), a. [L. camalis, fr. cffro, comity flesh. 1
Pertaining to the body or iU appetites ; given to sensual
indulgence ; worldly as opposed to fpiritual.
Oar'nal iat, n. A sensualist. [gence of lust. I
Oar-nal'i-ty (-nSl^-tj^), n. The beinp carnal ; indul-|
Oar'nal-lze (-nal-l^), r. /. To mnke carnal.
Oar'nal-ly (-nal-iy), odr. According to the flesh, to
the world, or to human nature ; sensually.
Oar-naliOB (-na'shfin), n. [F., flesh tints in a point-
ing, fr. L. camafio fleshiness, fr. caro. 8e» Carnal.]
1. Fle.«4h color ; rosy pink. 2. pf. Parts of a picture
Caribou (Bftngi/er CVn-Aev).
a, 6, 1, S, O, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, 0, tt abort ; iMiMe, dvea^ tdea, 6bey, finite, cAre, iirm, oak, »11, fin«L
GARNELIAN
93
CABTWRIGHT
■bowinf the hamAn bodr in fall ooIot; fleah tlnta.
qwoiM of pink, havinff flowers of Tuioaa oolort.
OucOMVtUl (kMr-nSKyon ; 26), n. [For eomelian.]
3.A
Tariciv of oluJoedony, of rod or reddish white color.
OaiHM-aiUl (-oMb), a, [L. eametu."} Consisting of,
or like, flesh ; fleshy.
Ovfid-tf (-nl-fi), V. i. [LL. eamifiearet fr. L. earo^
eamit -f- jaeert to mske.! To form flesh ; to beconu»
like flesh. — Oar'ill-tl-OJituni, n.
Oai^bi-Tll (-nT-val), n. [F. camovo/, lit., farewell to
me4t, fr. L. earo^ eamis -f- vale farewelL] L A festi-
Tsl c^ebratad with merriment during the week before
Lent. %. A time of riotous excess.
i1 Oir-]lhK«-n (-nTv^ri), n. pi. [NL., neut. pi. fr.
L*. camivona. See Cam-
mrcHtous.] An order of
M-imm«li» including the
lion, wolf, seal, etc,
atructnrally adapted to
feed upon flesh, harinff ^ g^,
large and sharp teeth, and A ..lA-JwH •
powerful Jaws. "" ^
Oir-iihKo-nms (-rfis),
a. [L.eam<vorotM/oaro,
eamis 4- wtrort to de- CamiTora. Skull of "Wolf.
Your.l Kwting flesh.
Oir-nosl-tF (-nSs^-tJ^), «. 1. A fleshy excrescence ;
fungoos growth. 2. Fleshy quality ; a fleshy covering.
Qir'tfb (kIr'Sb), n. [F. cartmhe fruit of the carob
tree, fr. Ar. AAaiip66.] 1. An everRreen leguminous
tree of Mediterranean countriea. 2. One of tlie edible
succulent pods of the carob tree.
Oar'Ol (•fil), n. [OF. eanle a kind of dsnce.] A
song of Joy, exultation, praise, or deTOtion. — r. /. & i.
Topraise in song ; to sing Joyfully ; to warble.
Cnr^On (-flm), n. [Prob. corrup. fr. F. earamboler to
carom, earamboU the red ball in billiards.] A shot iu
billiards when the ball struck with the cue touches two
or more balls on the tsble. — v. i. To make a carom.
Oai^O-mtf (-^-mn), n. CarameL
Oft-rofid (ki-rOtad), n. [Or. KOfNoTiStf, pi., fr. Kapo«
taeavy sleep.] One of the two main arteries of the neck,
couTeying blood from the aorta to the head. — Oft-rotld,
Oft-rono-Al, a. [revel. I
Oft-rou'al (-rouz'al), n. A Jovial feast or drunken |
Sjm. — SeeFiAST.
Chl*railM' (-rousO, n. [F. earrousse^ fr. G. garaua an
emptying of the cup in drinking a health ; gar entirely
4- mu out.] A caroosaL ^ v, i. To drink freely in com-
pliment ; to engage in drunken revels. — Oft-roiu'er, n.
Oaip (kXrp), V. i. [OB. carpen to speak ; (r. Scaud.]
To flnd fault : to cavil ; to censure.
Oaxp, fi. [Cf. loel. karfit LL. earpa.] A fresh-water
herbivorous tLbh. originally from Asia.
Qax^^al (kXr'pal), a. Pertaining to the carpus, or
wrist. — n. A bone or cartilage of the carpus.
Oaflptl (-pel), II Oar-Miaillll (-pSlliim), n. [NL. car-
pellttm^ fr. Or. mapnit fruit.] A simple pistil or part of
a compound pistil, ovary, or seed vessel.
OlI^pai-t«r (-p9n-t6r), n. [OF. carpentier^ fr. L.
earpentum wsgon.] A worker iu timber; builder of
bouses, ships, etc. — Oar>ui-t«r-liig, Oar'peii-try, n.
Oara^Cr (klbp'Sr), n. One who carps ; a caviler.
Ou^tt (-p8t), n. [OF. earpUf. rug, LL. carpeia woolly
cloths, fr. L. earpere to pluck, to card (wool).] A heavy
wovMi or felted fabric to be nailed to the floor, as dis-
tinguished from s rug or mat. — r. t. To cover or fur^
nish with carpets.
Otr'ptt-bac' (-bi<^), fi. A portable ba^ for travellers.
Oai^V^t-llur, n. 1. A covering with carpets. 2. Cloth
or materials for carpets ; carpets in genersL
O«r-pol'0-gy (-pw'd-jy), «. [Or. vopink fruit + 4ogt/.}
That brmch of botany whirli treats of seeds nnd fruits.
— Oarpo-loc^-oftl (-pd-i5ja.kai), a. — Oar-pol'o-glst, ».
II Ota'pn (kiir^fls), ». ; pi. Caipi (-pi). [NL., fr. Or.
Kopwit wrist.] Tne wrist; the bonaa or cartilagea be-
tween foraarm and hand or forefoot.
Oai^-IMB' (kir'ri-gSnO, OtftlfMB' (-rT-ffina n.
A purplish, cartilaginous aeaweed, which, when bMaohed,
is the Iriik mots of oommeroe. [Also written oorra-
gheent earageen.']
Ctal'tti-way (-wt), n. Caraway.
Oar'HaM V-rTJ), n. [OF. cariagty ehariage, carriage,
baggage, fr. cariery charier^ to cart. Bee CabbtJ 1. A
carrying or conveying* 2. Price of carrying. & A ve-
hicle. 4. Manner of carrying one^s self ; deportment.
OaxM-bOO (-rT-b55), n. Cariboo.
Oar'Zi-^r, n. 1. Oue that carries or conveys ; a mee-
senger; porter. 2. A part of a machine, etc, which
drives or carries. 3. A carrier pigeon, a variety of pigeon
used to convey letters from a distance to its home.
Oar'Il-Oll (-On), n. [OF. caroignet fr. L. caro flesh.]
Dead and putrefying fleah of an animid. ^o. Pertaining
to putrefying carcasses ; feeding on carrion.
CMlfram (-rfim), n. & v. Carom.
Oar^ron-ade' (-rfln-Cd'), n. [Orig. made at Carroiif in
Scotland.] Obsolete kind of short cannon.
Oar'lrot (-rat), n. [L. earola.'} A biennfaa plant, the
cultivated varieties of which have an eaculent root of
reddish yellow color. — Oar'lrot-y, a.
Oar'ry (-ry), r. /. [OF. carter, charier, to cart, fr.
OF. car^ char. See Cab.] 1. To convey from one place
to another. 2. To couvev by extension or continuance ;
to extend. 3. To uphold through conflict; to win; to
capture. 4. To contain ; to imply. 6. To bear (one^s
seU) ; to behave or demean (one's self), -^v.i. 1. To
convey snything. 2. TopropeL [covered carriage. I
Oar'ry-aU' (-»!'). »• [Corrup. fr. ctniole.] A llirl»t|
Oart (kXrt), n. [AS. eratt. Cf. Cab.] L A two-
wheeled vehicle for transporting heavy articles. 2. A
light business wagon. 3. An open two-wheeled pleasure
carriage. — v. t. To carry in a cart.
Oait'afa (-tj), n. 1. A carrying in a cart. 2. Price
paid for carting. [Carte de visite. I
II Carta (kiirt), n. [F., card.] L BUI of fare. 2.|
I Carts blandis (blsHsh) [F., fr. OF. carte paper -*- hlnnc^
bhinihe^ white], a blank paper^ witii one's signature, etc.,
f:iveu to another, witli permission to superscribe what
le pleases ; unlimited authority. — ji Carts ds visits (d«
vC- rt'), pi. Cahtbs db vi-itb (kiirt). [V.\ (a) A visit-
ing card, (b) A small photographic picture.
Oar-tal' (kiir-t«10, n. [F., fr. LL carteUus a little
paper, dim. fr. L. chartnJ] An agreement between
belligerents for exchange of prisoners. [ster. I
Oart'er (kiirfSr), n. One who drives a cart ; a team-|
Oairtl-lage (kar'tT-ltj), n. [L. cartifago.} A trans-
lucent, elastic tissue in animal bodies ; ini^tle.
Oartl-lagl-noiUI (-ISjT-nOs), a. l. Pertaining to
cartilage ; gristly ; firm and tough. 2. Havini; the skel-
eton in the state of cartilage, the bones containing little
or no calcareous matter ; — said of certain fishes, aa the
sturgeon and the sharks.
Oar-tOg'ra-pllv(-tV*-^).«- {T. caHographie. See
Card, and -orapht.] The forming charts or maps. —
Oar-tog'ra-pher, n. — Oarto-graph'lo (-t«.gr«fTk),
OartO-graPhlo-ia. a. [a pasteboard box. |
Carton (kl&r't^n), n. [F. See C abtoon.] Pasteboard ; |
Car-toon' (kUr-tSSn'), n. [F. eartout fr. L. charta
card.] 1. A design to serve as a model for copying.
2. A lartce pictorial sketch ; '»«p., a caricature.
Oar-tonoa' (-tSochQ, n. [F. cartwiche. It. cartnccia,
comet, cartouch, fr. L. chnrta.'\ 1. («) A cartridge. (6)
A cartridge box. (c) A military pass for n soldier on fur-
lough. 2. An architectural scroll or tablet
Car'tridge (-trlj), n. [Corrup. fr. F. cartouche.^ A
complete charge for a firearm, contained in a case or
shell. [maker.
Cart'Wllgllt'(k8rt'ritO,n. [Cart -\- wright.-] Acart|
fSm, recent, 6rb, r)|de. fyll, ftm, food, fo^ot, out, oil, cbair, go, aiug, ink, tben, thin.
CARUNCLE
94
CASTELLAN
Oat^qb-oIa
II OA-mifoii^
dim. of earo flaah.
(kKKfin-kl), \n, [L. carwunda a
l^ (kCr^MAM),] little piece of fleeh,
leah. J 1. A anudl fleahy exoresoence ; the
reddUh body in tbe inner angle of the eye. 2. Append-
age near the hilnm of a aeed. 3. A naked, fleaiiy ap-
pendage on a l>ird*a bead, aa the wattlea of a turkey, etc
0am (kXrr), v. t. & i. [AS. ceor/an to cut, canre ;
akin to Or. ypo^tr to write, orig., to acratch, and E.
-gropkf.'} 1. To cut (wood, atone, etc.) in a deooratire
manner; toaculpture; to engrave. 2. Tocutintoamall
piece* or alioea ; to apportion. — OtfT'Mr, n.
OufwtA (kii'Ta), ». 1. A cararel. 2. A apedea of
jellyfiab ; aea blubber.
(tary-«nd(klr^-itnrd},n. ; pi. E. CARTATiDa (-Yds),
L. Cabtatidis (-I-dSa). [L., fr. Or. Kcipvi.T%itt prieat-
eaaea in the temple ot Diana at CarjraB.] A dn^ped female
figure aupporting an entablature, in the place ot a col-
umn or pllwter. — (taTT-aMo, OtTlr-atid, a,
OM'Oft-bal (ki0nc&4)«l), M. [Sp., lltUe bell, knob.]
Knob or breeching loop behind the breech of a cannon.
Otm-mdt^ (-UmOv *>• [F., fr. It eascaiay fr. ctucart
to falL] A fall of water over a precipice ; «niterfall leaa
than a cataract. — v. i. To fall in a caacade.
Oo^oa-lflOa (-kA^rTini), n. [Sp., amaU thin bark,
Peruvian baric, dim. of edseara bark.] A euphorbiaceoua
Weat Indian ahrub ; alao, its aromatic bark, uaed aa a
tonic, and aometimes mixed with amoking tobacco.
Oaae (kis), n. [OF. casM, fr. L. eop«a chest, caae, fr.
eapere to hold.] 1. A box or coverhig* 2. Contents of
a box. 3. An iuclosiug frame ; a casing. — r. /. To
cover with a case ; to inclose.
Oaaskaite. (o) A knife carried fai a aheath or caae. (b)
A large table knife. — 0mm ahot, a collection of amall int>-
iectiles, inclosed in a case or canister.
Oaso, n. [F. etiSy fr. L. <vutM, fr. cadere to fall, hap-
pen. Gf. CRAircB.] 1. That which befalls or happens ;
an event ; instance ; circumstance ; state of things ; af-
fair. 2. A patient under medical or surgical treatment ;
an instance of sickness or injury. 3. The matters of fact
in a lawsuit ; a suit or action at law ; a cause. 4. Vari-
ation in form, of a noun, pronoun, or adjective, indicating
its relation to other words.
Syn. — Situation ; condition; state; circumstances;
plight; predicament; occurrence; contingency; acci-
dent: event: conjuncture: cause; action; suit.
Oaitniard'ail (kSsa)lird''u), r. /. 1. To harden
(wrought iron) into steel by cementation with carbonising
matenaL 2. To render insensible to good influences.
OaM^DUIta (-mat), n. [F., fr. It. ctuamatia, prob. fr.
COM house + »Mi//o, f. matta feeble.] A bombproof
chamber for cannon.
Qtm^mi&at (-ro«nt), n. [Abbr. fr. encasement. See
Imcasb.] a hinged window sash ; a window.
Oa'M-«llS (ki'st-Qs), a. [L. catetu cheese.] Having
qualities of cheese ; cheesy.
Oaia'wonil' (kis^wfirmO, If. A worm or grub that
makes for itself a case, as the caddice.
Oaah (klah), n. [F. caisse cuaiBt cash box.] (a) Ready
mouey ; coin or specie, or paper convertible into money.
(b) Immediate payment in current funds. — r. /. To
pay, or to receive, cash for ; to excliange for money.
Sirn. — Money; coin; specie; currency.
Cwsll, ting. & pt. A Cliinese copper coin (Chinese
tsien\ worth about 1-lOth of a cent.
OaahOMMk (kSsha>d6k), n. A book in which U kept
a regiater of money received or paid out.
Oa-aheW (kA-sh65Q, n. [F. acajou, prob. fr. Malay
kSyu tree.] A tropiou American tree akin to the sumac.
Oaah-iai/ (kfab-Sr'), n. [F. causier, fr. caisse. See
Cash ready money.] One in charge of the payments
and receipts of a bank or mercantile company.
Oaah-iai', v. t. [F. easser to break, annuL cashier,
fr. L. cassore to annuL Cf. Quash.] To dismiss or dia-
oard ; to discharse iimnrainiously.
Oailll'lll«ra(kERh'mSr),n. 1. A rich stuff for shawls,
scarfs, etc, made from wool of goats of Oaahmera, etc
2. A dross fabric made in imitaaon of true cashmere
Oa-ahOlK (kA«h9y), n. {F,eaekou,l Cateohu.
Oaatac (WsTng), n. Il An inolodng with a oaae.
2. An outaide covering, or indoainfr frame
U (hHrifDO (ki-sS'ntO, !». [It, dtan. of etua hooae, L.
eoM cottage] 1. Small country houac S. Boom for
amuaemeuU, dancing, etc. 3. A game at carda, caasinc
Oaak (kisk), a. [Sp. eojco potaherd, akuU, betanet]
L A barrel, large or amall, to bold Uqulda. 2. Quantity
contained in a caak. ^v,L To put into a oaak.
OaamC (kia^et), n. [Cf. F. ctuqmet, dim. of casque
helmet.] 1. A amall cheat <a box. 2. A burial oaae.
iU. S.) 3. Anjrthing oontaining aomethiii« highly ea-
teemed. ^r. L To preaerve hi a caaket [hehnet I
Oaana (kisk), n. [F., fr. Sp. eo#co. See Cask.] A|
Oaii'aa-da(kis^s4^A),n. Csauva.
Oa^aatton (kIs-aS'shliQ% n, [F., fr. eaeser to amnil,
fr. L. casnu empty.] An annulling.
Oaa'aa-Ta (kfa'atvi), n. [Sp. eaxabe, fr. ihwoM, fai
the language of HaitL] 1. A ahrubby euphorbiaoaona
plant; mamoc 2. Stiuch obtained from the rootatocka
of the cassava plant, used as food and in making tapioca.
Oaa'aia (klsh'A), «. [Or. Koooia.] 1. A leguminous
idant having purgative qualities, wEoae leavea fumiah
aenna. 2. Chlneae cinnamon.
Oaa'al-IIMn (kis'sI-mSr), n. [Of. F. eaeimir.'\ A
twilled wo<den cloth for men*s garmenta. [Written alao
kerseymere. ] [carda. I
Oai-allDO (•sS'nftV n. [It See CAsnto.] A game at |
Oaa'aook (kis^sOk), n, [F. cataqne.l A close, loag
ooat, worn by ecclesiastics.
Oaa'ao-wa-ry ^s^-wt-rV), n. [Malaj katuHfrCy A
large bird of the East Indiea, New ^
Oulnea, Australia, etc., reaembling
the ostrich, but amaller and atouter.
Oast (kAst), V. t. [Cf . Icel. kaMa ;
r'hapa akin to L. gerere to carry,
jest.} 1. To aend by force: to
throw ; to Impel. 2. To direct (the
eyes). 3. To drop; to deposit (a
ballot). 4. To throw down, as in
wrestling. 6. To throw up (a
mound, rampart, etc.). 6. To eJect ;
to shed; toloac 7. Tobringforth
prematurely. 8. To shed ; to re- ,
fleet ; to throw (light, etc.). 0. To <
compute; to calculate. 10. To de-
feat in a lawsuit ; to convict. 11.
To overbalance ; to decide. 12. To
form (liouid metal) in a mold; to found; to i
type or electrotype. 13. To distribute or allot (parts of
a play among actors). — V. i. 1. To receive form In a
mold. 2. To warp ; to twist out of shape — ». L A
casting or throwing. 2. Thing thrown. 3. Distance to
which a thing is thrown. 4. A throw of dice ; a chance
6. That which is thrown out or off, shed, or ejected. 6.
An impression or mold ; reproduction ; copy. 7. Form ;
mien ; air ; style. 8. Assignment of parta hot a play to
the actors. 0. A turn (of the eye) ; glance ; squint
n Oaa-ta'lia^ (kis-ti'nM), n. [L.] A genus of nut-
bearing trees including the chestnut and chinquapin.
Oaala-IMtS (kisOA-nSta), n. pi. TSp. caslaUeUu, fr.
L. caManeaA Two small instruments beaten together by
the fingers, to keep time in dancing.
Oaaf a-way (k&sf A-wi), n. 1. One cast away or
shipwrecked. 2. One who is ruined; a reprobate— a.
Of no value ; rejected ; uselese
Casta (Ubt), n. [Pg. casta race, Ihieage, f r. K castus
Dure, chaste] L (>ne of the hereditarr Hindoo aodal
classes. 2. A fixed order w class in society.
Oaslal-Ian (kis'tei-lio), n. [OF. eoMeiain, F. cAA-
telain, LL. castelianus governor of a oaatle, fr. L. eastel'
lum castle] A governor or warden of a castle.
Common Csnowary
(Oimarnu gakatm*).
a, S, 1, 5, 0, long , it, «, 1, 5, 0, f, short ; senate, 6vent, tdea, 6bey, ftnlte, cAre, iirm. Ask, nU, final.
CASTELLANY
d5 CATAMOUNT
Ourm-lMrttf (klaOa-lt-oy), n. Lordahip of a cMtle ;
extent of land and jarladictlpn pertaining to a caatle.
Oultl-lAttd (-li'tSd), a. Built with turreU and
battlements, like a castle. — Onrtol-Utioil, n.
OuHfW (Uat^Jt n. 1. One who caate (stones, metal,
aecoonts, etoA 2. A small Tessel, to contain condi-
ments at the table. 3. A small wheel on a swivel,
on which forniture is mored.
OttH-CatA (kIaaT-«it>, V. t. [L. eoiHgare,
•ffatnm, to correct, punish ; easttu pure -|- a^re
to drive.] To punish by stripes ; to chastise.
-Oarti-ffatloB, n. -OaaH-f a'tor, ». -OuK-
(Kirdlt BMP' (kis'ta iSp'). [Fr. Caint/e One form
A'hard soap, made with olive oU and soda. ' *' ^'^^
OlBnBC(k*stnrng),n. 1. A throwing. 2. The mak-
ing easts or shaping metal or plaster in a mold. 3. That
which is cast in a moUL 4. The warping of a board.
Ossllaff Bsi, a net east and drawn, in dutinction from a
net set and left. — Ossttag voies, Oasttag vets, the decisive
"" ""cer, when
vote of the
tlie votes of the house
are equally divided. — Ossttag wtight, a weight tliat turns
a balance when exactly poised.
OmT Hwi (kAsf Fttrn). Highlycarbonixed iron, the
direct product of tlie blast furnace; — used for making
castinga, and for conversion into wrought iron and steel.
QlBR'-l^roa, f*. Hade of cast iron ; hardy ; unyielding.
OmIU (kls^*!). n. [AS. easiely fr. L. castellum, dim.
of caMmm castle.] L A fortified residence ; a fortress.
Csfttle at Pierrefoni*. France.
A Ihitijan m K»p. m-n {rrrf uliir biifJiiTrpenittilnfnE (Tip ilwi-l].
initcil lh« k^rd t B '^ Mnf* rmiqrl riiT4-r« rHnrkfiif pari »\ ihe
(li^nJiKn >nt)of ih#dI?nM» will- ; /( ^MJtn' E'Thx r, nrpiinirinK
Hit t*!.'' iTinJ"t e^ijiti II mi rnrminf \t^r\. n^ Mi il'ifiiifiii) ; ^
l^hatwl . fi H Bmm<| E^'wrn^^n Ihrt- ilfni'rwall. r A" [\i^|fni
tf»i** IbmIIHe ttt K t<mT\ : M l"iim^l,i,n.ntmriilr»ij «[■>»! 'l:OrwKir
to k{J tb« Ftuhr« of thr etphI tf*^rl►^ /; . ; Titrrtl irKh lUfr-
w^j ffiT IcwiT, ^ r '* Felinnpn^-Uri- i*rr(tin<l ir-lt^rnhfru ht ttjr-
rH-+s /' ^ J" lt•rtll■M^►■nti > *,* ^/ MiPi^inc.JiriMh* ifLhfw^Bi */
2. A strong and stately mansion. 3. A piece, represent-
ing a castle, naed hi a game of chess ; a rook. — r. f. & {.
In cheas, to cover (the king) with a castle.
Srn. —.Bee FoBTBBsa.
CMSt'-«IF (k4«t/9f0, a. Cast aside : diacarded.
OuOor (kls^r), n. [L., beaver.] 1. A rodent genua,
incloding beavers. 2. A hat. 3. Heavy cloth for overcoats.
OMfcr (kist^Y, n. A caster, or small wheel.
OM^Of (kisOCr), n. [L.] The nortliemmoat of the
two bright stars In the constellation Gemini, the other
being Pollux. [castor-oil pUnt. |
OMOortoeul'Ckis'tSlrbSn/). The bean or seed of the
Qtanm cH' (kls'tSr oUO. A mild catharUc oil, ex-
tracted from seeds of the Palma CkriMi.
OutbBK-^XL plaat, Palma Christi, a woody perennial tropi-
ealplant, cultivated as an annual in temperate climates.
Cte'tra-aMAllOll (kSi'trA-m^ta'ahnn), n. [F., fr.
L. eastra camp -\- mtiari to measure off, fr. tnela limit.]
An encamping ; tlie laying out of a camp.
fhartmU (klsOrit). v. U [L. eaatrare, -traium.} L
To deprive of tlie testicles ; to emasculate ; to geld. 2. To
remove anything erroneous or objectionable from (a writ-
ing) ; to expurgate.^ Oas-tra'tiim, n.
UAStrtl (-trfl), n. Kestrel, a liawk.
Oaa^-al (kish'tt-al), a. [L. easuaiUy it, easua fall,
accident, fr. eadere to fall.] 1. Happening without de-
sign and unexpectedly. 2. Coming without regularity ;
owasional. — n. A vagrant. — Oaa^-«l-ly, adv.
Syn. — See AccmsirrAL.
CMfl'a-Al-tF (-tj^), n. L That which comes without
design ; contingency. 2. An injury from accident ;
death, or other misfortune, occasionecf by an accident.
Guhl-llt (-tst), n. One skilled in, or given to, cas-
uistry. — OMKn-ITtlO, Oas'ii-Li'tUHa, a,
OuKn-lH-rr (-Ts-try), i». l. Science of dealing with
cases of conscience, or of resolving questions of r^ht or
wrong ; application of general moral rules to particular
cases. 2. Sophistical or false reasoning.
Oat (kit), n. [AS. ; akin to D. & Dan. kat, LL. catu*.]
1. An animal of various species, wild and domestic. 2.
A tackle for drawing up an anchor to the cathead of a
ship. 3. A game of ball. 4. A cat o* nine tails, a whip
having nine pieces of knotted cord fastened to a handle.
— r. t. To bring (an anchor) up to Uie cathead.
Oat'A-Ohn'giA (kSt'&.kr9'i>Ts), n. [Or. maraxpri<r*^
misuse ; cars against -}- xrif^oi, to use.] A rlietoricnl
figure which wrongly puts one word for another. — Oat'-
a-ohraalio (-krSs^fk), Ctafa-ohrat'do-al, a.
OAfa-ClTSm (-klTs*m). n. [Or. icaraicAvv/iA^, fr. Kara-
kAu^civ to inundate ; xara -\- KAv^tiv to dash over.] 1. A
sweeping flood of waters ; deluge. 2. A violent catas-
trophe, changing the earth*8 surface.
Oafa-OOmb (-k9in), n. [LL. ratncumbii, perh. fr. Or.
Kord -f- KVfi^ cavity.] A cave or subterrane.>us place
for burial of tlie dead.
CAt'ft-coufl tics (-lt.»H''tTk8 or -kSSetTks), n. [Pref.
cat' t- - (*rf •f'>-fni.] !ii' hu^u* of reflected sounds or echoen.
Oat'a Ulan» (-fOk'^, n. [F., fr. It. catnfalco scaf-
foMt f(]nrr4il i^aiiopy.] A temporary structure used in
fnrii^raJ ^nkTui>JtJr'r«4 i^r [niii-lic exhibition of the remains.
CatalAQ^tki (llfktTk), ft. [Or. KarcJ<nKrus6^ hicoui-
ploti' : 1^4 m -r Ar^ii^ tu ^lop.] 1. Wanting a syllable at
the iMiiL 2' liif^prnfili^ti' ; ^mrtial.
Oat'ft Wsy MeF'«5 *^ (»• [Or- ttarakif^vi a sei-
I ' OAt a-fep'ttla ( -1 j! I i'hT w\ S sure ; Kard 4 Aofi/Savrtv
to piH ' i jH ^ ] t^i id \.U I L jf UA^M' ■ vvkUiti of sensation and volition. —
Ott a lsp^tiG> '!^
Gat a iOgfUC ( l^-^i-, ^' [F.; Or. Kwdkoyoi list, fr.
<caTaAr)'Cii>' tu Oiml up ; JCJira •)- Kiytu^ tO say.] A list
of names, titles, etc, arranged methodically. — v. t. To
make a list of ; to insert in a catalogue.
Syn.— See List.
Oa-tal>a (ki-tJU'pi), n. [Name among the Indiana of
Garolina. J A genua of American and East Indian flower-
ing trees, bearing long cylindrical pods.
Oara-ma-rail' (kIt7A.mi-rSnO . n. [ East Indian name.]
1. A raft consisting <rf ^^^~-r^.,-- _
pieces of wood lashed
together, and moved bv ^|;^
paddles or sails. 2. A -.
vessel with twin hulls. ^
3. A quarrelsome^,
woman ; a scold. TCoi- ^
iiOat'a
%
me'Bl-ai
(-mS'nY-A), n. pi. [Or. :g*_
Kard •{•niiivmonth.} The
monthly courses of
women ; menstrual discharges. — Oat^a-nnKnl-al, a.
Oat'a-moiint (-mount), n. [Cnt -f mount: cf. Sp.
gtUo monies mountain cat.] 1. Tlie cougar : puma ;
panther. 2. The lynx.
CatanuiTsn.
I«m, recen^ 6rl>, ryde, fyll, ftm, food, loo^ out, oil, cliair, go, sins, ink, ttien, thin.
CATAPHONICS
96
CATOPTRICS
Oat't-phonlMi (Ut'A-fSomcs), n. [Pref. eotO' +
phonic*.} Science of reflected soaikU ; catAcottstics.
Oaf a-plMIII (-pll2*m^ n. [Or. KariwAatrtiu ; koto, -f
vAaovfiv to form, mold. J A soft substance applied ex-
ternally to the body ; a poultice.
Oafft-polt (-pttlt^, n. [Or. KarcurAnff ; marA -f 9«A-
A«iv to borl.l Ancient engine to throw stones, etc.
Oaf a-IBOt (-rikt), n. [Or. Karapaxnii ; Kara -j- ^iryrwKOt
to break.] 1. A laroe waterfaU. 2. An opacity of the
lens of the eye, impairing or destroying sight.
Oa-tailk'(k&-tiirOtH. [Or. xaToppoot rheum ; iwt£ +
pttv to flow.] Inflammation of tlte mucous membrane ;
cold in the head or lungs ; influenxa. — Oa-tan1l'alf a*
Oa-taalrO-plia (-tfaarft-ft), n. [Or. Karturrpo^ir ; man.
H- o*rp</^ir to turn.] 1. A fimil eTeut, usually disastrous ;
calamity. 2. The final erent in a dranui ; denouement.
Oa-tawlMI (ki-ta'bi), n. A light red American grape,
or wine made from it.
OatniM'(kita)S;rdOtn. An AmwrJCM bird leaembling
the mocking bird, and able
to imitate notes of other
birds. Its scream is like a
oat*8 mew.
Oafboaf (-bStO/ n. A
sailboat, with a single mast
placed far forward.
OatOh (kSch; 62), V. t.
fr. L. eaptftre^ intens. of
e/rp^re to take, catch.] L n..K4«i
To seise, esp. with the CstWrd.
hand ; to grasp and hold (anything) in motion. 2. To ar-
rest ; to take captive ; to insnare ; to entangle 3. To seise
with the senses or the mind ; to apprehend. 4. To com-
municate to ; to fasten upon. 6. To take by sympathy,
contagion, Inf ecflon, or exposure. 6. To reach in time ;
to come up with. — r. i. 1. To be held or entangled. 2.
To take hold. 3. To spread by infecting ; to communi-
cate.—1». 1. A seizing; grasp. 2. That which seizes
or holds. 3. That which is caught ; proflt ; gida ; whole
quantity taken at one time. 4. A round in music, in
which the singers catch up each other^s words.
Oatoll'ar, n. 1. One that catches. 2. The player in
baseball who stands behind the batsman to catch the ball.
OatOhlllff, (t' 1. Infectious ; contngious. 2. Capti-
rating ; alluring. — n. A rnizing or taking hold of.
OatOh^pen-ay (-p«n-n^), a. Contrived for getting
smsll sums of monev from the ignorant or unwary.
Oatoll^ (kich^p), Oaf lap (kSt'«np), n. [Prob. of
East Indian origin.] Since made from mushrooms,
tomatoes, walnut*, etc. [Written nlso ketchup.^
Oateh'WOrA' (kSch'wOrdO, n. 1. The last word of
the preceding speaker m a play, reminding one that he is
to speak next ; cue. 2. The flrst word of a page of a
book, inserted at the end of the preceding page. 3. A
word or phrase caught up and repeated for effect.
^ Oaf 0-0]llB« (k«t't-klz), r. /. [Or. itanjxtVf w : Kara H '
i7X«"' to sound.] 1. To instruct by questioning and ex-
plaining, — esp. in points of religious faith. 2. To inter-
roirate. ~ Oafa-oU'aer (-ki'zSr), n. — Oaf e-clietlo
(-kgtnrk), Oaf e-cTwflo-al, a.
Oaf e-dllsm (-kTz^m), n. 1. Form of instruction by
question uid answer. 2. Summary of religious doctrine
in such form. — Oaf e-Ohilllial (-klz'mal), a.
Oaf a-fihlat (-kTst), n. One who catechises. — Oaf e-
oblB'tio, Oaf e-chls'tio^a, a.
Oaf O-Olllae (-klz), v. t. To catechise.
Oaf e-Ohn (-ku or -chu), n. [See Cashoo.] A dry,
brown, astringent extract, obtained from plants growing
in India, containing tannin or tannic acid, and used in
medicine and in the arts. — Oaf •-Chnlo, a.
y1lVM:ll>•:«#•fcA^|r•i^
CaterpiUarof Fwallowtsil Batterfly iPapilio
atteriat). Nat. lize.
Oaf ^-Ohn'toan (Utt^ku'm&i), n. [Or. mmn^^fv^iuvot
instructed, fr. can^x*^- SeeCATBCRiaa.] One receiving
rudimentary instruction in Christianity ; a neophyte.
Oaf e-forio-al (-g5rn[-kal), a. 1. Pertaining to a
category. 2. Not hypothetical or relative; admitting
CO conditions or exceptions; absolute; positiTe; ex-
press.—Oaf a-gor'lo-al-ly, adv.
Oafe-gO»I7 (-g6-rj^)< n. [Or. Mrwyop^; mni -(-
Ayopcvrty to assert, fr. ayop^ assembly.] 1. One of tlie
h^hest clsaies to which objects of knowledge or tliouglit
can be reduced ; an ultimate oonceptimi ; a predicament.
2. Class; state; condition; predicament.
llOa-to'lia (ki-te^nA or kSft-nA), n. [L.] A chain
or series of connected things.
Oaf e-na-ry (kSft-nt-i^), a. Like, or relating to, a
chain. — n. Curve formed by a cord banging freely be-
tween two points of suspension, not in the same vertical
line. — Oaf e-nali-aB (-ni'rT-«n), a.
Oaf a-nata (-nit), v. /. To connect, in a series of
links or ties ; to chain. — Oaf t^a^tlOB, n.
Oattr (ki'tSr), r. i. [OF. acaier, F. oeAetor, to buy ;
'L.ad-{-eaptttreUiW^iM»^\nt/aM,€dcapereUiUiL^^ Topro-
vide food ; to purvey. — Oatar-«r, n.— Oalar-eM, n^ /.
Oaf er-saOar (kit^Sr-pTl'Rr), ». [OE. eatyrpd, ooi^
nipt, fr OF.
chatepe'
Imtse^ or cate ,
pelufy f r .
chafe she cat
-^pelii hairy,
fr. L. pilus
hair.] larval
state of an insect. Caterpillars feed on leaves, fniit,
and succulent vegetables, often destroying them.
Oaf ar-waill (-wal), r. <, To cry as caU do. — n. A
caterwauling.
Oafflall' (-fTshO, fi. American name lor vailoas
species of siluroid fishes ; the bullhead.
Oafgnf (-gttf), n, tCat -f gut.l 1. Tongh cord
made from intestines of animals, used for strings of mu-
sical instruments, etc. 2. Canvas, with wide int-ersticea.
Oa-tliartto (kA^hKr'tTk), a, [Or. M^aprur^c, fr. m-
tfotpciy to cleanse, fr. KoBapot pure.] Cleansing tiie
bowels; purgative. ^n. A medicine to promote alvine
discharges: apnrge.
Oafluad' (kltOiSd/), n. A projecting thnber near a
ship's bow, to which the anchor is hoister^ and secured.
I'0atlfa-4ra (kSth'$-drA or kA-the'drA), n. [Or. ««-
$tSpa seat.] Official seat of a biabop or high dignitary.
Oa-tlM'Ural (kA-thg'dral), n. The principal church in
A diocese, where the bishop has hisofficial chair {cathedra)
or throne. — a. L Pertaining to the head church of a dio-
cefte. 2. Emanating from a pope or bishop ; authoritative.
Oath'e-tor (kSth'^tSr), n. [Or. xatferilp thing let down
or put in ; Mrd -f iivai, to send.] An instrument for
passing along mucous canals, esp. a tubular instrument
to draw off urine from the bladder.
Oath'O-Uo (-d-lTk), a. [Or. KaBokucAi universal ; irntra
-f oAo« whole.] 1. Universal or general. 2. Not narrow-
minded or bigoted ; liberal. 3. Pertaining to the Roman
Catholics, — n. 1. One who accepts the creeds received
by all part« of the orthodox Christisn church. 2. A Ro-
man Catholic. — Oa-tlidl1^4ain (kA4h5inr-«Tz*m), Oath'-
O-Ul/l'ty (kSth/ft-lTsl-tJ), n.
Oa-tholl-elaa (k*-th51^-siz), v. t. &i. To make or
to become catholic or a Roman Catholic.
OafUn (kStntTn), n. An ament ; a species of inflo-
rescence, resembling a cat's taiL
Oaf nip' (kSt'nTp'), I n. A plant somewhat like mint,
Oaf muif (-n)Tiit^), I sometimes used in medicine, of
which cats are partimlarly fond.
Oa-top'tlloa (k&^tSp'trTks), n. [Or. raroirrpor mirror,
fr. xaroirroc visible.] Science of reflected light.— Oa-
top'tric, Oa-top'trUHd, a.
ft, 8, 1, 5, 0, long ; ft, fi, I, 6, a, f, short ; senate, dvent, tdea, 6bey, ttnite, cftre, ftrm, ftak, nil, fnaL
CATS-EYE
97
CAVITY
%m*w m§w ^KBuri' jf n. i^oara or cniuceaony, exnii
Ing opftlesoent retlectiona from within, like the eye of a c
Ost'l^-MW' (-rftO* >*• 1* (**) A light air which rufl
water danng a oum. (fr) A particular hitch in a ro;
OtTwr-^T^ (kIt«no, n. Qnarti or chalcedony, ezhtblt-
ofacat
iruflBea
- , . rope,
into which a tackle may be hooked. 2. A dupe ; a tooL
Oafsap (kSt't-Kp), fi. Catchup ; ketchup.
Oaf -tall' (-tilOt n. A tall rush growhig in marshes,
with long, flat leaves, used for sealing chairs, making
ynstiBi etc
Oaftla (kIt'tM), n. pi. [OF. eatel, ehaM, LL. eaptale,
enpUaU, property, asp. cattle, f r. L. eapUalis relatiug to
tbe head, chief ; because beasts were anciently the prin-
cipal property.] •Quadrupeds of the Bovine family ; some-
times, all domestic quadrupeds, hudoding also sheep,
horses, aod swine.
Oail-oa'aUB (ki^ki'shan), a. 1. Pertaining to the
CMicasus, a moimtainous region between tbe Black and
Caspiaa seas. 2. Pertainhng Xo the white races of men.
—It. 1. An inhabitant of the Oaucasus, esp. a Circas-
aimo or Oeorffian. 2. A member of any of the white races.
Oam'mM rk^nilSs), ». ▲ poUtioal primary meeting. —
V. i. To hold, or meet in, a caucus.
Oas'dad (-dXi), oJv. [L. cotMfa tan + oJ to.] B^ck-
ward* ; toward the tail or posterior part.
OaB'dal(-dal),a. lL.eauda.1 like, or pertidning to,
a tail ; having a tall-Uke append^.
Oaa'date (-dftt), l a. Having a tall or atermlna-
Oas'da-tad (-dft-t«d), ( tion like a taiL
Oao'dl* (-dn), n. [OF. eaudel^ f r. L. calidut warm.] A
1 drink for dok persons. — v. <. To make into caudle.
Of (k||f),». [Perh. akin to Or. mo^woi oattket.] A
chest with holes for keeping fish alive in water.
Oaaclit fkfit), imp. &p.p.ci Catch.
Oau (kM>, n, [OE. eaUcy prob. fr. F. co/e.] 1. A net
for the head. 2. A membrane covering the lower hites-
tinea in maranuls ; the great omentum. 3. A membrane
anveloping the fetus.
Oan-lM'oeBt (k^-lSs^Mnt), a. [L. eaulU stalk.] Hav.
Iiiff a le ify stem. [raidicle. I
OamOl-ole (k|/lT-k*I), n. A short caulis or stem; a|
Oaall-flOirer (-flou^r), n. [F. chonfieur; chou (L.
etndU) cabbage -^-fieur (L. fios) flower.] An annual va-
riety of cabbage.
I Oaa'lla (-lis), n. [L., a stem.1 An herbaceous or
woody stem which bears leaves, and may bear flowers.
1 (kftk), r. <. A «. Calk.
'at (ka'sal), a. Relating to, or expressing, a
oausative. — ti. A causal word or form of speech.
Oaa-iall-tF (-iXlT-U), n. L Agency of a cause, in
producing its effect. 2. The phrenological faculty of
tfttdng effects to their causes.
OUHM'tlOB (-sfdhfin), n. A causing ; act or agency
which produces an effect.
Oaoa^a-tlTa (kf^zA-tlv), a. 1. Effective, as a cause
or agent. 2. Ex pressing a reason; causal. — n. A word
exprassing or suggesting a cause. — OaQi'a-tlT»-ly « odv.
Oaoaa (k||s), n. [F. ; fr. L. catua.^ L That which
r duces a result ; that from which anything proceeds
Occasion of an action or state; ground; reason;
motiTO. 3. A legal suit or process ; case ; ground of
actio 4. A question ; affair in general. 6. The side
of a question upheld by a person or party.
Stii. — Origin ; source ; nudnspring : motive ; reason ;
faicitement ; mduoement ; purpose ; object ; suit ; action.
— V. /. To effect; to be the occasion of. — OaOi'ar, n.
Syn.— To create: produce, beget; effect; occasion;
ori^nate ; induce ; bring about.
Oansalaaa (-16s), a. L Seir-orlginating ; uncreated.
& Without just or sufficient reason ; groundless.
OaMM^ay (kaz'wt), \ n, [OB. & OF. cauchie, f r.
Oan'aty (^f^\ S LL. {via) caldata, fr. cal-
eiart to niake a rosd.] Raised road over wet ground.
OavaHo (kM'tTk), ) a. [Or. icav<rruc<k. fr. kmiv to
OanaHo^d (-tT-kal), ) burn.] 1. Destructive to the
OaM'ai (kfMl),
cause; causative.—
of anything or eating away its aabetanoe b>
chemical action; corrosive. 2. Severe; satirical;
sharp.— n. Any substance which bums, corrodes, or
destroys organic tissue by chemical action.— Oaw^tto*
al-ly (k}|/tY-kai-iy), adv. - OaiW-tlOl-tF (-tTsT-tf), n.
Syn. — Stinging ; cutting ; pungent ; searching.
(nn'ter (kn'tSr), n. [Or. xavrnpior branding iron, fr.
Koitip to bum.] A hot iron tor searing or cauterising.
Oail't«r-Ulll (-Ts*m), H. Use of a caustic ; cautery.
Oail't«r-lae (-II), v. t. [Or. xavnipta^fiv, fr. xov-
r^ioy.] To bum or sear with a cautery or caustio. —
CHIll'tOT-l-iatlOll, n.
Oantar-y (-j^), n. L A bum*ng or searing (morbid
flesh) with a hot iron, or by a c^uistic that will bum
or destroy animal tissue. 2. Agent used in cauterising
Aetoal caatsnr, a substance (as hot iron) which cauter>
izes by actual beat ; burning so effected. — Petsatlal eaa-
tsry, a substance cauterlsuig by chemical action; as,
lunar cauttte ; cauterizhig produced by such substance.
OamtlOO (-ahiin), %. [F., a security ; K cowfio, fr.
cavere to take care.] 1. Careful attention: prudence
hi regard to danger. 2. Precept or warning against
evil ; exhortation to wariness, —v. L To give noUce of
danger to; to exhort (one) to take heed.
Syn. — Care ; forethought ; forecast ; heed ; prudence :
watchfulnees ; vigilance; circumspection; providence;
counsel ; advice ; warning ; admonition.
Oaatka-a-ry (-t-rj^), a. L Conveying a caution, or
warning to avoid danger. 2. Oiven as security.
Oanwos (-shOs), a. Attentive to probable effecU
and consequences of acts with a view to avoid danger or
misfortune. — OailHoilS-ly, a<f r. — OattHoiUhBMM, n
Syn.— Cautious; Wakt; CncuMSpacr; watchful:
TigUant ; pradent ; discreet ; heedful ; thoughtful ;
scrapulous ; anxious ; careful. — A man Is cautious who
realises the constant possibility of danger ; one may be
tcary, and yet bold and active ; a man who is circumipeet
habituallv examines things on every side in order to
weigh and deliberate.
OaVal-fiafla" (kXv'al-kldO, n. [F., fr. It. eavalcata,
fr. cavalcare to go on horseback, fr. L. cabaUut an in-
ferior horse.] A procession of persons on horseback ; a
march of horsemen on parade.
Oay'a-Uer' (-*-18rO, n. [F.; It cavaliercy tt. L.
cabaUut.l L A horseman; a knight. 2. A gay,
sprightly man ; a galbmt. 3 One of the court party in
the time of King Charles I. as contrasted with a Round-
head or adherent of Parliament— a. 1. Oay; easy;
offhand. 2. Supercilious ; haughty ; curt ; brusque. 3.
RelaUngtothef^"" • ' " ^
OaT'al-ry (-<
SeeCATAUBB.] . ^
Oat* (kiv), n. [F. ; L. eavus hollow, earea cavity.]
A hoUow place in the earth; cavern; den.— r. i. To
fall in or down. Hence (Slana). to give way : to yield.
||Oa«veHlt (ki'vt-Xt), n. [L., let him beware, pres.
subj. of car^re to be on one's guard.] 1. A legal notice
to some officer not to do a certain act until the party la
heard in opposition. 2. Description of an invention
lodged in the patent office before the patent right is ap-
plied for, to prevent issue of letterspatent to another,
respecting the same invention. 3. warning ; protest
OaT^an-tfiall (kXv'Sn-dTsh), n. Leaf tobacco softened,
sweetened, and pressed into plugs or cakes.
OaT'tril (-Sm), n. [L. caveman fr. carta hollow.] A
deep hollow in the earth ; large cave. ~~ Oay'tni-OIUI, a.
Oa-Tlara' (kA-v5rO, \ n. [F. caviar, It. Turk. havUir.]
Oayl-ar (kSvT-l&r), ( Roes of the sturgeon, prepared
and salted ; — used as a relish, esp. in Russia.
Oayfl (kXv^l), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Catil«d or Cav-
ILLBD (-TId) : p. pr. & vh. n. Catiuno or Cavillliko.]
[L. envillari to jest, to censure, fr. cavitla banter,
sophistry.] To raise captious objections. — n. A frivo-
lous objection. — Oav^-«r or Oav^-ler, n.
Oayd-ty (-I-t^), n. A hoUow place ; a hoUow.
oupercuiouB ; naugniy ; cun ; onisque. 3.
he party of Charles I. — OaT^arlltrly, adv.
(-«l-rf ), n. [F. cavalerie, fr. It cavaUeria.
a.] Mounted troops. — Oay'al-ry-lliail, *»•
fSm, recont, 6rb, ryde, fyll, ftra, food, lout, vu:, oil, chair, bo> singr, iyk, tlien, thin.
7
CAW 9
Oaw (kft), V. i. [Ooomat.] To cry like » crow,
rook, or raven. — n. The cry of the crow, eke
Oay-eima' (kt^n' or kt-«n')> n. [Name of an island
in French Guiana, South America.] Cayenne pepper.
teyenn* p«pp«r. (a) A speciea of Capsicum with amall
and mteuMly pungent fruit, ib) A spice made from seeds
of Capsicum ; red pepper.
aaj'man (kS'mau), n. [From language of Guiana.]
The South American alligator.
ga-sdqiWWkA-i5k'),n. [8p. coct^u*, fr. language of
ua-Slo' ) Haiti.] A chief among some trihes of
Indians in America.
f (sSs), V. X, [F. cesser^ it. L. ce«iare, ▼. inten-
sive fr. eedere to withdraw.] 1. To come to an end ; to
leave off. 2. To be wanting ; to pass away. — v. /. To
stop ; to end. - OeiseaeM, a. — OaaMaMS-ly, adv,
Syn. — To intermit ; desist ; stop ; abstain ; quit ; dis-
continue ; refrain ; leave otf ; pause ; end.
Oe'dar (»5'd8r), n. [AS. ctder, L. ctdrus, Gr. ic^a^.]
An evergreen tree, having very durable and fragrant
wood. — a. Of or »ertainlng to cedar.
Oad© (sSd), V. t. TL. ctdert to yield ; akin to ead^rt to
fall.] To yield or surrender ; to resign.
CPe^la (8«-dim4), n. [Sp. ; dhn. of zeta, Gr. name
of the letter «, formerly written after c, to give it the
sound of «.] A mark under tlie letter c [fr], to show that
It is sounded like «, as in facade,
Oe'dzine (aS'drIn), a. [L. cerfrmtu, Gr. kcjoimk.]
PertauiUig to cedar or the cedar tree.
OeU (s51), V. t. [Fr. an older noun, fr. F. ciO. heaven,
canopy, fr. L. caelum heaven, Tault,] 1. To line the
roof of. 2. To line (a surface of a wall, etc.) with plas-
ter, stucco, boards, or the like.
Ctoillng, n. 1. (a) The inside lining of a room ovei^
head ; the upper surface opposite to the floor. (6) The
finishing of a surface with plaster, thin boards, etc. 2.
The inner planking of a vesseL
Oel'An-dlne (Rffl'Jn-din), n. [OF. celidoine, fr. L.
cMidonia (sc. herba)^ fr. ckelidonius pertaining to the
swallow, akin to hirundo swallow.] A plant of the Poppy
famUy, used as a medicine in jaimdlce, etc
Oel'e-bimte (-*-br5t), t*. /. [L. ceUbrare, -bratum, to
celebrate, f r. celeber famous.] 1. To honor solemnly ;
to observe duly ; to keep. 2. To participate in (a sacra-
ment or solemn rite) ; to perform with appropriate rites.
Syn. — To Cklbbratb ; Commkmoratb ; distinguish ;
honor. — We commemorate events which we desire to
keep in reraembranre, wh»»n we recall them by some spe-
cial observance. We celebrate by demonstrauons of Joy
or solemnity or by appropriate ceremonies.
Oel'e-bni'tad (-briL^t«d), a. Having celebrity.
Syn. — See Distinouishbd.
Oere-bimtioil, n . Act, process, or time of celebrating.
Oal'e-tire'tor (tgr), n. [L.] One who celebrates.
Oe-leb^-ty (s«-15b'rl.tf ), n. l. The being cele-
brated ; fame ; renown. 2. A peraon of distinctkm.
Oe-lerl-ty (-Ifirl-ty), n. [L. celeritas, fr. ceter swift.]
Rapidity of motion ; quickness ; swiftness.
Ool'er-y (sRl'Sr-y), n. [F. cileri; fr. Gr. <rrfAuw
parsley.] A plant of the Parsley family whose blanched
leaffttalks are used as a salad.
Oe-les^lal (B$-16»'cliffl : 2C), a. [OF., fr. L. caelejtis,
fr. caelum hoaven.] 1. Belonging to the visible heavens.
2. Pertaining to the spiritual heaven ; heavenly ; divine.
— n. 1. An inhabitant of heaven. 2. A native of
China. — Oe-les'tlal-ly, aip.
Oo^i-ao (».5nT-«k), a. Coeliac ; pertaining to the belly.
Oel'i-lMtO (sflT-bit), n. [L. caelibatus, it. caelebs
unmarried.] One unmarried ; a bachelor ; one bound by
vows not to raarry. — ff. Unmarried ; single. — Oe-Ub'-
a-Oy (s^-lTb'i-ay or «^gior-h&-8y), n.
OeU (s51), n. [OF. celle, fr. L. ceUa; akin to celare
to hide, and E. hell, helm, conceal. Cf. Hall.] 1. A
close apartment, as in a prison or convent. 2. A small
cavity or hollow place. 3. A jar or division of a com-
I CENSURE
pound Toasel, for holding the exciting fluid of an electrlo
battery. 4. One of the minute elementary structures
comprising the greater part of animal and plant tissues.
Oel'lar (sfiialr), n. [P. ceUier, fr. L. ceUa storeroom.]
A room under a building, for keeping provisions.
Oellar-ac* (-^J)* »• 1- The storerooms of a cellar.
2. Charge lor storage in a cellar.
II Oel'to (cheiat), n. a vlolonceUo.
Oeiaa-Ur (s«l'fi.l8r ; 40), a. [L. cellula little cell.]
Consisting of cells ; containing cells ; resembling cells.
Oeiau-lflld (-tt-loid), n. [C«i/it/ose + -<m/.] A com-
position of gun cotton and camphor, retembling ivory in
texture, and used in manufacture of jewelry, combs,
brushes, collars, etc ; — originally called xylonite.
Ooiaa-lOM' (-las'), a. Containing cells.— 1». The
substance constituting the essential part of the aolid
framework of plants, of onlluary wood, linen, paper, etc
It is also found to a slight extent in certain animals.
Ortt (sat), n. [L. CeUaCj Gr. KcArot, K«At<u, pi.: cf.
W. Ceitiad one that dwells in a covert, a Celt, fr. ceU
shelter, eelu to hide.] One of an ancient race of Central
and Western Europe, whose descendants now occupy
Ireland, Wales, the HUhlands of Scotland, and northern
shores of France. [Written also Kelt The letter C
was pronounced hsrd in Celtic languages.]
Ottt, n. [LL. eeltis chisel.] An implement of stone or
metal, found in the barrows of the early Celtic nations.
Oeirio (sSltTk), a. Pertaining to the Celts. — n. Lan-
Eaage of the Celts, whose remsJns are found in Gaelic,
rse or Irish, Manx, Welsh, Cornish, and Bas Breton.
[Written also A>//ic.1 -Oeltt-dmi (-tl-sli'm), n.
Oe-mailt' (st-mfintO, »»• [OF., fr. L. caementum un-
hewn stone, chips of marble, from which mortar was
made, fr. caedere to cut.] 1. An adhesive substance for
uniting bodies to each other, as mortar, glue, etc. 2.
A calcined mixtore for making mortar which will harden
under water. 3. Bond of union. 4. The layer of boni
investing the root and neck of a tooth. — r. /. 1. To
unite by cement or closely. 2. To overlay or coat with
cement. —r. i. To become firmly united ; to cohere.
Oem'Ml-Utlon(£«m'en-a'shfin),n. 1. A cemenUng.
2. The process of surrounding iron, glass, etc., with
powder of other substances, and heating the whole until
the physical properties of the body are cliauged by chem-
ical combination with the powder.
Oeill'e-t«r-|[ (eSm't-tSr-V), n. [Gr. Kotfim^fitoy burial
place, fr. xoifiay to put to sleepj Graveyard ; necropolis.
Oon'O-blte (sSn'S-blt), n. [Gr. icou^/Stoc ; cou^ com-
mon -f- fiiot life.] One of a religious order, dwelling in a
community, disting. fr. an anchoret, or hermit, who hye*
in solitude. — Oon'O-Ut'lO (-bTtTk), Otn'O-Utio-tl, a.
Oon'O-taph (-tAf), n. [Gr. icei'ora^ioi' ; ic«v6c empty
-f rdifKK tombj A monument to one buried elsewhere.
Oon'sor (^sSr), n. [OF. eneensieTf fr. L. itteensum
incense.] A vessel in which incense Is burned.
Oon'MT (sSn'sSr), n. [L. ; fr. eensere to value, tax.]
1. A Roman magistrate who registered tlie number and
property of citizens, and inspected morals and conduct.
2. One empowered to examine manuscripts designed for
the press, and to suppress them, if found obnoxious. 3.
One given to fault-finding. 4. Acritic— Oon-M'll-Alfa.
Onk-Wt/li-WU (-sS^T-fis), a. 1. Addicted to censure ;
apt to condemn. 2. Implying or expressing censure. ~
Oen-M/iiHrnfl-ly, adv. — Oen-so'il-oiui-nM*, n.
Syn. — Fault-finding ; carping ; caviling ; captious ; se-
rere; condemnatory; hypercriticaL
Omi'sor-slllp, n. Office or power of a censor.
Oon'snre (-shyr ; 40), n. [L. Centura^ fr. eensere."]
1. A blaming or finding fault and condemning. 2. Ju-
dicial or ecclesiastical sentence or reprimand.
Syn. — Blame ; reproof ; condemnation ; reprobation ;
disapproval ; disapprobation ; reprehension ; animadTer*
sion ; reprimand ; refiection ; dispraise ; abuse.
ii, e, T, o, n, long ; li, e, I, 6, a, 5^, short ; sanftte, tvent, tdea, 6bey, Ignite, cftre, iirm, 4sk, nil, final.
CENSURE
d9
CEREMONIAL
«xpr«M di«»pprob»tion of.
8711. — To blame ; rebuke ; condemn ; reprimand.
To condemn m wrong ; to
Cton'rar-A-lile,
Cmi'rafl (-atU), n. [L., fr. ceruereA Official regia-
tratioo of the number of people, value of eatatea, etc.
OtOt (aSnt), n. [F., hundred, L. eenium.) 1. A
hundred ; as, ten per een/, the proportion of 10 parte in
100. 2. A coin of the United SUtes, worth the hun-
dredth part of a dollar.
Otnt'AM (-ij), n. Rate by the hundred ; percentage.
Otntif (rta'tal), n. [L. cfntum.l A weight of 100
poonda avoirdupou; a hundredweight. ^ a. Relating
to a hundred.
OmrtMf{ai/tStr'; F. dto^UrO, n. [F. eenHare; eenti-
(Li. etiUum)-{-are.'\ The metric measure of area, 1-lOOth
of an are ; one square meter.
OantAlir (-tftr), n. [Or. K^in-avpoc.] 1. A fabulous
being, half man and half horse. 2. A southern constel-
lation.
Oofto-nalrl-ail (-tt-nS'rT-an), a. Relating to a hun-
dred years. ^ n. A person a hundred years old.
Oantd-IIA-ry (-nt-rj^), a, [L. cetUtnariu*^ It. centum,'\
1. Relating to, or consisting of, a hundred. 2. Occur-
ring once \x\ every hundred years ; centennial. ^ n. 1.
Aggregate of 100 single things ; a century. 2. Commem-
oration of an event 100 years after its happening.
Oan-ttll'lll-al (-tSn'nT-al), a. [L. centum -f annu*
year.] 1. Relating to the 100th anniTersary. 2. Hap-
pening once in 100 years. 3. Lasting or aged 100 years.
•^ A. Celebration of the 100th anniversary of any event ;
a centenary.
0«II^Mrl(-t8r), n. [F. centre^ Or. xirrpov point,
On^tn 1 point romid which a circle is aescnbed.1
1. The middle point or portion. 2. A principal point of
oonoentration ; an object of attention, action, or force.
8. A temporary structure supporting the materials of a
vaalt or arch. —v. i. 1. To be placed in a center ; to be
central. 2. To be concentrated, or collected to a point.
— r. /. 1. To fix in the center. 2. To concentrate.
OOBter-blt', ) n. A bit turning on a center, for bor-
00Btr»-Ur, ( ing holes.
Ooi^tMr-illSf n. A center, or temporary structure
supporting the materials of a vault or arch during con-
struction. [Written also Cfntring."}
OUk-Ut^nud, (-USsT-mal), a. [L. eentesimus the
hundredth, fr. eenium a hundred.] Hundredth. *> n.
A hundredth part. [tare. I
OOBtl-ar*' (sSn'tT.fti^ ; F. sKH'ty&rO, n. [F.l Cen-|
Otn'ti-fimte (fiSu'tT-grifl), a. [L. centum -f gradus
degree.] Consisting of 100 degrees ; graduated into 100
equal parts.
Ot^tt-KUm (-grim), i
^. sitir'tl-gr&m'), n. [F. centigramme; eenti- (L. cen-
l-Kiam (-grim}, Oontl-gnUIIIIM (sSn'tT-grim ;
ium) -f- gramme.} The 100th part of a gram ; a weight
equal to .15432 of a grain.
OnH-li'ter ) (sSn'tMi'tSr or sfin-tHT-tSfr), n. [F.
fy&DfUrl^tn i centilitre; centi--{- litrc^ The 100th
pert of a liter ; a measure of 0.G102 of a cubic inch.
iCton'tillie' (slto'tSniOi n. [F., fr. L. centesimu*.
Bee CDrnKnfAul The 100th part of a franc ; a small
French copper coin and money of account.
Oea'ti-mrtcr ) (sSn'tT-ni^t'^r or ^n-tTm^-t^r), n. [F.
OtB'tl-IIM'tre I centimetre ; centi- -\- m>^re.^ The
lOOth part of a meter ; a measure of 0.3337 of an inch.
Oon'tl-pod
(s»n'tT.p«d).
A. [L. een-
tipeda; cen-
tum •{- pegf
pedist foot.1
A species 6t
laaa articu-
lates, many-
Jointed, and
Centiped (Seotopendra efnipiJata).
[Written nlw> eeniipede
[F.;
$feet
having a great nlll]]bc^r of fe«t,
(.pM).]
Ofln'tl-l1«re (^Pn'lT-pt^f ; K aiN'tf-Atlr^, n.
ceuti' -r jttirtA Tlie lOOtb of a tterfr^ = M^ cubic feet.
Otato (ftfli/tfi)* *i. [I** p4t<hwork.l A compoaition
forriK-d by irf>1ie«tioDH tfom dJtTefvut jiutliorft,
C«ll''tTil (trffl), a. [L. ce^^iruHs^f fr. centrum. See
Centi^k] Routing to. III. or near tlie c^eDt^r or middle.
0«n-timl'i-tT (-trU'T'lJ), n. A Uiug central ; ten-
den- v tiiwinrd A ceiitiT^
Cen'tTol-lXB (-tral-Iji), r. /. To lirin^ to a central
point ; tci brruN: into one nyatviu, or uiidvr one control.
— Oen tr»l i-aa'tidii, n.
Geil'trAl47, ^tdw In a cf^iitrpi) ttiauneroT aituation.
Oen'tre ( lyi-K »■ *& ''► Ceiil*r.
Cfio'trio ('trtii^, \d. Cf'ittriJi. - c*ti'trlo-tl-ly,
Gen'trlo-Al t-trl-kul;^ J ^J''- - Oen tfic't-ty (-trl»'-
T-U !, n.
C«tl-trU'Q ff Al t-t rT i't-ss<J I ) . ff ■ [1* centru m -f fugere
to ll'i 1 T* I n I i iifTt or i-a a-^iMf^ Uj r^oede * rom the center.
Con *tr lug 1 T rTn(?) , tt . On terinif .
Oen trlp'fi tid (-trtp^-t*rl>, a, [U erntrum -\- petere
to i^^'^'k J Tr'ii'tiiiijH r'lr cinuMhig, to spprriarli Itie center.
1 Oen tum'VlH-tnTij'ifrKh i ;^. CK.'nnBVUii(-vI-ri).
[L , ft- i^Tii'ini -+■ fir niaiu] Oin? of n Rijuiau court of
alh^ut 14 Hi i-[vn jud^ti, — Oao-fuDt'vl ral, n^
Ocn'ta-ple ("JJM'ifl-p'lU "' L^- (fufupfrj^i centum -\-
pl.-rt^rr lf> foid.] Uiuidr?*diolii. — f t. To increase a
noiMJ.ri'dfi^lE^
Centii'fl-dli C^tu'TT-Qn), ». [L, rrj^iuri^^ Ir. centuria.
See Cbnturt.] A Roman officer commanding a minor
diWsion of troops; a captdn.
Otn^-ry (-ttt-rj^ ; 40). n. [L. centuria, fr. centum.^
A hundred ; a period of 100 years.
Ca-plUlllO (s^-fKlTk), a. [Or. Kc^aAMo;, fr. icf^oAi)
head.] Pertaining to the head. ~ n. . Medicine fur
headache.
0«ph'a-lo-pod(8ef'&-ift-p5d),0«9li'«-lo-pode (-pSd),n.
One of the Cephalopoda.
llCMl'a-lOp'O^ (-l»p^-dA). n. pi. [NL.; Or. «-
^oA^ 4- 'poda.'] The highest class of Mollusca, having,
at the front of the head, a group of elongated muscular
arms, usually f umislied with prehensile suckers or hooks,
as the cuttlefish, squid, octopus, and nautilus.
Oe-im'ceons (B^-ri'shlis), a. [L. cera wax.] Waxy.
Oe-nunlO (-rSmTk), a. [Or. ic«paMuc(k, fr. mtpaiUK
earthenware. Cf. Ksramic] Pertaining to pottery.
Oe-nun'los, n. 1. Art 01 making pottery, tiles, etc.,
of baked clay. 2. Work formed of clay, and baked.
Oo^te (sS'rtt), n. [L. ceratum, fr. cera wax.]
Ointment composed of wax, oil, lard, etc.
Oe^im-ted, a. Covered with wax. [to the tail. I
Oor'oal (sSr'kal), a. [Or. x^pKot tail.] Pertaining |
Om« (sSr), n. [L. cera wax.] The soft naked sheath
at the base of the beak of birds of prey, parrots, and some
other birds. [with wax. I
Omv, v. t. [L. cerare. It. cera."] To cover or close |
Oe're-al (sS^ri-^n, a. [L. Cereaiis, pert, to Ceres tlie
goddess of corn ana tillage.] Pertaining to grasses cul-
tivated for their edible seeds (as wheat, maize, rice, etc.).
— n. A grass cultivated for its grain, or the grain itself.
Ctor'e-beiaiim (s«r'«b«iiiim), Oer'e-bel, n. [L. , dim.
of cerebrum brain.] Tlie hinder and lower divinion of
the brain, which controln combined muscular action. —
Owe-bMlar, Oore-belloiis, a.
Oer'e-bnim (-brlim), n. [L.] Tlie anterior division
of the brain ; seat of the reasoning faculties and will. —
Oer^e-lmd, a.
Oere'OlOtll' (n^rHcISthOi n. [L. cera wax -{- E. cloth.}
A cloth smeared with melted wax, etc.
Oare^meilt, n. [L. cera.} A cerecloth for envelop-
ing a dead body when embalmed ; a shmud.
Oer'e-mo'nl-Al (rfr'S-mS'nT-ol), a. [L. caerimonintis.
See Ckrkmoky.] 1. Relatir.g to roreraony; ocroniinfj
fSm, recent, 6rb, r^de, fyll, Qm, food, fdbt, oat, oil, chair, go, sing, iQk, tlicn, thin.
CEREMONIALLY
100
CHAIR
to ertabHatied rites. 2. Oerenionious.^fi. A ^rttem
of ralea ; oatwud f onn. — 09t9-monai-9l'lj (aSft-mZf'
nT-aM^), adv.
Ocr'e-mO'tol-OIIS (■Sr't-mS'nT-tls), a. 1. Consiitiiiff
of outward forms and rites. 2. Devoted to forms and
oeremoDles; mincti'iious. — Otr»-lllO'lll-aui-ly, a<fv.
Hjn. — See IV>aii al.
(tafA-HIO-nT (flSr^-mft-D^), n. [L. eaerimonia.l 1.
An act prescribed by law, ctutom, or authority. 2. Be-
harior regulated by strict etiquette ; formal civility.
Oe-IOi^-pllJ (st-rBg'rA-iy), n. [Or. iniptfc wax -f
-grapht/T] 1. Tbe making designs in wax. 2. A method
of making stereotype plates from inscribed sheets of wax.
- Oe^xo-craplilo (fcrr6-«rSfak), Oero-gnpli'lo-al, a.
Cb-raon' i-rSbt/), n. [Sp. seron hamper, pannier.] A
package covered with hide.
OortalB (fcSr'tTn), a. [F. ; L. eeritu fixed, certain,
orlg. p. p. of cemere to perc«-ivp, decide.] 1. As ured
in mind ; hariug no doubts. 2. DetermiiuBd ; resolved ;
— with an infliutive. 3. Not to be doubted or denied.
4. Actually existing ; sure to happen. 6. Unfailing; in-
fallible. 6. Fixed or stated ; regular. 7. Not specific-
ally named ; indefinite ; one or some.
Sjn. — Bound : sure ; true ; undeniable ; unquestion-
able : undoubted ; plain ; indubit«»blH ; indisputable ; in-
oontroTertible : unhesitating ; undoubting ; fixed ; stated.
Ctortaln-lyf odr. Without doubt ; unquestionably.
OortalB-tF (-t]^), n. 1. Condition of beinff certain.
2. A fact unquestionably established. 3. Clearness;
freedom from ambiguity.
Oor-tlfl-oato (-tTfT-ktt), n. [F. ctriificat, fr. LL.
etrtificare^ -caium. See Cbstdt.] A written testimony
or declaration. — (-kit), v. t. To verify by certificate. —
Otrti-ft-oatloii, n.
Oor'tl-ty (-tT-n), v. t. [F. certifier, LL. eertificare;
L. cfr/iur -f faeere to make.] 1. To give certain infor-
mation to ; to make certain. 2. To testify to in writing.
Oorti-tllde (-tud), n. [LL. certitudo, fr. L. certtu
certain. 1 Freedom fmm doubt ; certainty.
Oe-mle-an (st-rnlS-an), a. [L. eaeruleu*.'] Sky-
colored; blue; ainre.
II Oe-ni'llMII (-m»n), n. [NL., fr. L. cera wax.] The
waxlike secretion from the rlsnds of the ear.
OelrilM (^*'rp»), n. [F. cSntse^ L. eentsM."] 1.
White lead, used a!« a pigment. 2. A cosmetic contain-
ing white lead. 3. Native carbonate of lead.
OorM-eal (^^KvY-kal), a. [L. eerrir, -ici», neck.l
Pertaining to the neck. [tainiuR todeer.]
Oer'vine (-vin), rt. [Lr^rr/mw, fr.r^niMdeer.] Per-|
II Oar^rlZ (-vTks), n. ; pi. E. Csrvixss, L. Csryicks
(-vT-88x). [L.1 The neck.
llOer'^Hl (sJr'vfis), «. [L., a deer.l A genus of
ruminanta, including the red deer and allied species.
Oe-Ml^n-an {i^t-yVrt-nn), a. Csesarean.
OeS'pl-tOM' (sSs'pT-tS^), Oen'pl-tou (-tfi»), a. [L.
caegpes, eaerpitU^ a turf.] Having the form of turf, i. e.,
many stems from entangled rootatocks nr mots.
Oms (sSs), n. [For sex9, contr. fr. Asskss.] A rate or
tax. — V. t. To tnx ; to assess.
Oes-Mtlon (-i«a'shttn), n. [F. ; L. eesxntio, fr. ceuare.
Bee CbabkJ A ceasing or discontinuance ; a stop.
Syn. — Stop: rent: stay; pause; intermission; inter-
val ; r«>spite : interruption ; recess : remission.
Oat'noo (sSsh'fin), n. [L. cejutio, fr. cedere to give
way. See Ckdb.] A ceding or vielding ; surrender.
daM'pool' (ses'pSdlO, n. [See SusrooL.] A sink ;
a receptacle of filth.
0«rt0d0 (-tSd), Oattold (-toid). n. Pertaining to
the Cestoidea.— n. One of the Cestoidea.
II Oes-tOld'e-A (-toid'^-A), n. pi. [NL., fr. Gr. KcaTtk
girdle -{- -oiV/.] A ol-ms of parasitic worms, including
tapeworms. — Oes-toid'e-ftll, n.
OM'tna (-tfis). n. [L., girdie.l A girdle.
OettllB, n. [I^'l An ancient boxing glove.
0*-ra'ta (sl-sU'ri or -sS'ri), n. C<pnirm.
llOe-U'0«-« (-ta'shl-4), n. pi. [NL., fr. U
whale.] An order of marine mammals, inclodin^
whales and dolphina. — O^-ta'oaaa (-shan), n. — 0*-ta'-
OMOS (-shfis), a.
0e-t0l'O-C7 (-t«l'«-jy), n. [Or. Knroc whale -f -lo^.]
Natural histonr of cetaceous animals.
Oliafe ^hSf ), r. /. [OF. chau/er, f r. L. eale/aeere to
warm.] 1. To heat by friction. 2. To anger ; to irri-
tate. 3. To fret and wear by rubbing.— r. i. 1. To
rub ; to wear by friction. 2. To be vexed or irritated.
«ft. 1. Heat or wear caused by friction. 2. Vexation.
Sjn. — To rub : fret ; gall ; vex ; excite ; inflame.
Ohai'n (chS'fSr), n. 1. One wlio chafes. 2. A vea-
eel for heating water ; a dish or pan. [chafer. |
OlUlfer, n. [AS. eea/or.'} A kind of beetle; cock-)
OllAf cr-y, n. A forge, for heating blooms before
working them into bars.
Ghan (chAf), n. [AS. cm/.] 1. Husks of grains and
grasses. 2. Anything light and wortldess ; refuse. 3.
Straw cut up for food of cattle. 4. Liglit jesting talk ;
raillery, ^r. i. & t. To banter. — Ohaffar, n.
OhUftm (clMnZr), r. i. [AS. ee6p a bargain, price -h
/aru a journey ; orig., a going to market.] 1. To dispute
about a purchase ; to haggle or higgle. 2. To talk idly ;
to chatter.— r. /. 1. To buy or sell. 2. To bandy
(wordsj. — Ohaf fer-er, n. [sweet song. •
OlluflllOh (-finch), n. A European csge bird of very
01Ulff^(ch4f']^),a. 1. Abounding in chaff. 2. Light
or worthless. [friction ; s wanning by rubbing. I
Oliaflllf (chi'fTng), n. A rubbing, or wearing by |
Chaflac dish, a vessel for cookhag on the table, or tor
keeping food wsrm, by coals, a lamp, or hot water.
Ona-glMn' (sliA-grlu'), n. Shagreen.
Oba-gllll' (-grTn' or -grin'), n. [F., fr. chagrin sha-
green, a rough and grained leather; also, a gnawing
grief.] Vexation; mortification. ^r. /. To excite ill-
humor in ; to annoy.
8yn. - CHAoant ; Vexation ; Mobtiticatioii ; peevish-
ness ; disgust ; disquiet. — Vexation is a feeling of dis-
quietude from losses, disappointmenta, etc. MoHificction
denotes keen pain from humiliating occurrences. Cha-
grin is literally the cutting pain produced by the friction
of shngreen leather ; in ito figurative sense, it may deno e
simply vexation, or the keenest mortificatt< n.
OhftlB (cliinV n. [F. chaine, fr. L. catena."] 1. A
series of links fitted into one another. 2. TItat which
confines or secures ; a bond. 3. A series of things con-
nected and following each other. 4. A surveyor*s in-
strument consisting of links, for measuring land. — r. /.
1. To fasten with chains. 2. To enslave. 3. To unite
str^rujy. 4. T . .:,■■», r . !-: .■.-.;. -v •?,;,,.
Ghsla b«lC A b4'H ^u-uli' of a l^iuu^ Jut Lnifi^u^iltUic
pow^T hi dint^hiiH^ry. - Ctula ^rKlft, a briiigi? «iLp|icrrt4^
by *->i4in i^nlilra \ imspciiHori l-iri^lgf, - C^sin cabt«, n cabl«
vnKAf l^f trrm Unkn - ChmJa, t«ti«< ■ tlwR '^i convi. is
chftnif<ii tof^i'tlior - ChAin pamp, a putuii cob«litlng ol so
belt niffYt-K it, an 1.1 iii]»i>t]iE, l.>f>low
eni \ \i' Sift fl I aiTi , ru iiiiiti |^ ^v i- r li
haidUkji ftttShiff t(i(^ tiibM' thr..in:h
whi*'h tl>** aafcft^ljriK part iis-*fa
an^i f arryinnthe wairTtn tlm |Joiiit
of dlMjiarff*^. — ChAlxt ilko^ ti^-'
raMtioii hfiWm iinltfMil by n nXtiifK
oh4ui, fonmcTly uaul in riavnl war-
far<i Up 4lpstruy a atiitrx' rif^i^jgig. —
Chatin ttltck. tff\ k\\ ornTiLuentol
8tiii7<h Wkn tli^ Mi>k» of ji chain : -
u»< h1 III crof bf^linc. iwiwinc. Jinni em-
. briiiM.l*"ry. f^i A itllfh inflnlv by a
Re^4irt^triA4-hhLf. hiwbk'li thf^ Ic^p-
' inp nf Hirr tlsrrtut fnrm* a PbAlu mt
bei'u iiiLiii-'l by n JirLh.
Cluil vJ'Ut>, n. IF. ehtitre
Citain Pbmp^
pulpit, fr. L. cathedra chair, a teacher*s chair, Gr. ica-
1, •, I, IS «, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, 0, tf slunt ; anftte, tvent, tdea. Obey, finite, c<kr«, iirm, iksk, ||11, flDoL
CHAIRMAN
101
CHANGE
MttA down 4- «dp« seat.] 1. A morabto aliigle
ma^ with a back. 2. A aeat of a magiitratOf judge, or
prof OMor : tho offloo itaelf. 3. The presiding officer of
an aamnbly ; chairman. 4. A sedan borne upon poke ;
» gig. 5. An iron block to support and secure the rails
ofa railroad. — r. f . Tb place in a chair.
CDuito'toaB (chtr'man), n, 1. The prodding officer of
» committee or ormnixed body. 2. Oue wlio carries a
chair or ae Ian. — Oiudr'&iail-Sllflp, n.
ObAlM ( >his), n. [F., seat, chair, carriage.] A two-
wheelea oarriage for two persons, with a calash top, and
the body hung on leather straps.
Obll-Otd'O-ny (lUU-sSd't-nV or UQ' t^ft-n^), n. [Or.
XaJuaiimp Ghaloedon, a town iu Asia Minor. V A translu-
oeut quarts, having a luster like wax. [Written also
caleedonf.} — Ohal'fW-dOltlo, a.
Okatoorn-Pliy (kU-kSg^ri-f]^). n. [Or. xaA«<k cop-
per 4- -graphjf.^ An engraving on copper or brass, esp.
for printiug. — (nul-oog^ra-plMr, Okal-oog^-plim, n.
Olua-dalO (-dSOCk), a. Pertainhig to Ghaldea.— n.
Ijaj^uage of the Chaldeans ; Chaldee.
^al-dt'ail (-dS'on), a. Pertaining to Chaldea.— n.
Ca) An inliabitant of Ghaldea. (b) An astrologer.
OIlAl'dM (kll'dS or kSl-dV), a. & n. Chaldaic.
I (chil'drttn or chal'drttn), n. [OF., kettie.]
An English measure for ooal (generally 36 bushels).
ahanM (ohilOs), n. [OF., fr. L. calix.J A bowl ;
the cop used in the sacrament of the Lord's Supper.
Ohalk (chak), n. [AS. eealc lime, fr. L. calx llme-
] 1. A white, calcareoiu earth, having the same
■ition as common limestone. 2. Prepared chalk,
f as a drawing implement ; a like compound of clay ana
black lead, etc. ; a crayon. ^ r. /. 1. To mark with chalk.
S. To manure (land) with chalk. 3. To make white or
pale ; to bleach. — Ohall/f, o. — OlUdkl-IMM, n.
OuOk'StOlM' (-stSnO. n. 1. A mass of chalk. 2. A
ehalklike concretion, found in the small joints, the ex-
ternal ear, and els<«where, in those affected with gout.
ahalltagS (ohUnSnj), n. [OE. & of. ehalenge
dairo, accusation, fr. L. ealumnia. See Calumny.] 1.
A defiance; summons to fight a dueL 2. A sentry's
t>aitiwg one who approaches, and demanding the counter-
sign. 3. An exception to a juror or voter. — v. /. 1.
To can to a contest ; to defy. 2. To demand as a right.
8. To demand the countersign from (one who attempts
to pass the lines). 4. To take exception to (a statement,
» juror, a member of a court, or the qualification of a
▼oter). — r. i. To assert a right. — (nudOtng^-a-llle, a.
— Oluaaao-gtr, n.
Oliaiail (shU'iy), n. [F., a stufT made of goat's hair.]
A sot t woolen dress fabric. [Written also chatty. '\
(ma-lTlK»«t« (ki-iryl-tt), a. [NL. ehalybecUu*, fr.
Lk ekalybt steel. Or. xoAv^.] Impregnated with salts of
iron ; tasting like iron. — n. Water, uquid, or medicine,
oontalnfaig iron as an ingredient.
Okam'Mr (chim'bSr), n. [F. ehambrff fr. L. camera
Tault, arched roof, in LL., chamber.] 1. A retired room ;
a bedroom ; a study. 2. A hall for audience, legislation,
•Co. 3. A legLdative or judicial body ; an assembly ; a
modetj. 4. A compartment or cell ; an inclosed space
or cavity. 6. (a) That part of the bore of a gun which
holds (be charge. (6) A cavity in a mine, to contdn the
powder. *- v. t. To occupy a chamber or chambers. ^
V. /. 1. To shut up, as in a chamber. 2. To furnish (a
gun, etc) with a chamber. — OhtmlMrod, a.
Gham'lMr-lalll (-ITn), n. [OF.; O. kdmmerling:
iammer chamber (fr. L. camera) -\- -ling.} 1. One in
charge of chambers. 2. One of the high officers of a
3. A treasurer or receiver of public money.
' ~' (-mid'), n. A nuddservant in charge
of chambera, making beds, sweeping, rleining rooms, etc.
"^ ^ (ki-mWi-ttn), n. [L. chamaeleon^ Or.
X«lMuA^Mv, lit., ** ground lion ; " x<MA«i on the ground -f-
kimm lion.] A linurd-like reptile, whose color changes
more or leas with that of the objects about It, or with
its temper when
disturbed.
Oham'f er
(chlm'fir). n. A
beveled surface
formed by cut>
ting away the an-
gle of two faces of
a piece of timber,
stone, etc. — r.
/. To groove ; to Common Chamrleon (Ckanueleo mi{.
channel; to flute. »**"*>• <V
Gham'ols (shim'mj^, or shi-moiO, n. [F., p-ob. fr.
OO. gamz.l 1. A small antelope, living on the ridges of
the Alps, Pyrenees, etc. 2. A soft leather made from
the skin of the chamois, or from sheepskin, etc.
Oharn'O-mtto (kim'ft-mil), n. Camomile.
Ohamp (chimp), r. /. [Prob. of Scand. origin.]
V. /. & i. To bite ; to crunch.
Gham-MglM' (sblm-pin'), n. [F. See Cramtaim.]
A wine originally made in Champagne, in France.
dham-paign' (shim-pin'), n. [OF. champaigne.2 A
flat, open country, ^n. Flat ; open ; leveL
aiUUn^-on (chin/pT-On), n. [F., fr. LL. eampio, of
Oerman origin.] 1. A combatant for anothet oi for
a cause. 2. One of acknowledged supremacy fai any
branch of athletics, and ready to conteno with any rival.
— r. /. To defend ; to maintain. — dhaiB'pl-Oll-MI^, n.
Syn.— Leader; hero; warrior; defender; protector.
f"»*«V?* (cliins), n. [F., fr. LL. cadentia a falling
(falling of dice), fr. L. cadere to fall.] 1. A supposed
agent other than a force, law, or purpose ; fortune ; fate.
2. Something that befalls; accident; casualty. 3. A
possibilitv; opportunity, ^r. i. To happen or arrive,
without design or expectation . ^ r. /. To tue the chances
of jto venture upon. ^ a. Happening by chance ; casual.
Oliaa'oel (chiu'sSl), n. [OF., fr. L. cancelli crossbars.
(The chancel was formerly inclosed with lattices.) See
Cancsl.1 That part of a church containing the altar, or
communion table.
Ohan'oel-lor (-ISr), n. [F. ehaneelier, LL. cancella-
riu* chancellor, director of chancery, fr. L. eanceUi Ht-
tices, which surrounded the seat of judgment.] A hfgh
judicial officer; chief justice of a court of chancer>-,
having equity jurisdiction.— OhAII'oal-lor-B^iD, n.
Ohanoa'-madaoy (ch&ns'mSd^j^), n. {Chance 4-
medley.'\ The unpremeditated killing of anotlier in self-
defense.
Ohan'oer-y (chin'sSr-V), n. rF. chancelleries LL.
cancellaria^ fr. L. cancellariu*. See Chamcbllob.] A
court of equity ; equity ; proceedings in equity.
Oh«Il'ore(8hia'k2r2,n. [F. - " ^
real sore or ulcer. — Oluui'oroilt
Oh«II'd«-llar' (shin/dt-lSr^), n. [F.] A support for
candles, lights, etr. ; ^p., one hanging from the ceiling.
Ohan'dlar (chAnMlir), n. [F. chandMier candlestick,
maknr of candles, L. candela candle.] 1. A maker or
seller of candles. 2. A dealer in commodities indicated
by a word prefixed ; as, ship chandler^ com chandler.
OIUUi'dur-T (-9), n. Commodities sold by a chandler.
Cnuuiga (chinj), V. I. Sti, [F. changer^ 1r. LL. corn-
Mare to exchange, barter, L. comftt re.] 1. To alter. 2.
To exchange. 3. To vary. 4. To give, or receive, smaller
denominations of money (technt<»lly called change) for.
Syn. — To alter ; vary ; deviate ; substitute ; innovate :
diversify ; shift ; veer ; turn. See Alti*.
— n. 1. A variation or alteration. 2. A substitution of
one thing for another ; novelty ; variety. 3. A passing
from one phase to another. 4. Small money, by means
of which larger coins and bills are made available. 6.
An exchange, or place for transacting business. [ Colloq.l
Syn. — Viuiety ; variation ; alteration ; mutation ; vi-
cisntude ; innovation ; novelty ; revolution ; reverse.
See Camcsr. j A vene-
fini, reont, Arb^ r^de, f ^ Urn, ftfbd, f (ft»t, out, oil, oliair, (o, sins, i||k, then, ihln.
CHANGEABLE
102
CHARITY
OlUUIfe'a-ble (chinjK&-b*l), A. 1. Capable of chance;
subject to alteration. 2. Appearing different, at in color,
in different ligbta. — 01Uuig*'a-1llt-IIMSt OluafBr
Ull-ty, n. — Ohailgf a-UT, adr.
Syn. — Mutable ; variable; inconstant: fitful; ca-
pricious ; fickle ; waTering ; erratic ; Tolatile.
Ohang^llll (-fvOi ^' Full of change; mutable; in-
constant; fickle; uncertain. — 01iail|^llll-l7, adv. —
(mangttol-ness, u.
OliailC^leM, a. Constant; unchanging.
Ohailg^'llllff • n* 1* One left or taken In the plaoe of
another, as a child exchanged by fairies. 2. A simple-
ton; idiot. 3. One apt to change; a waverer.^a.
Taken or left in place of another ; changed.
Ohan'gtr (chan'jir), n. 1. Oue who changes or altera
anything. 2. Dealer in money. 3. An inconstant person.
CnuBliel (cJiftn'nfil), n. [OF. chanel, fr. L. canalis.
See Cakal.] 1. Bed of a stream. 2. Deeper part of a
river, harbor, strait, etc. 3. A strait, or narrow sea. 4.
That through which anything passes. 6. Gutter ; groove.
^v. t. [imp. & p. p. CHANxmLSO (-nCld), or -nellbd ;
p. or. & vb. n. Chak kbliho, or -irBUOiio.] To groove.
Obant (chint), V. t. A i. [F. chanter ^ fr. L. eantaret
intens. of canere to sing.] 1. To sing. 2. To recite
after the manner of a chant. « n. 1. Song ; melody. 2.
A simple melody, to which unmetrical psalms, etc., are
sung or recited. — Ohailfcr, n. — GhantlTMWt n./.
€«aB'ti-cle«r(chSnaT-kl8r),n. [¥. ChantMlair.nam^
of the cock in ** Reynard the Fox " ; chanter + dair
clear. ] A cock, so called from his clear voice in crowing.
Ohanfry (chint'rf ), n. 1. An endowment for chant-
ingmasses and offering prayers. 2. Chapel so endowed.
Olia'oa (ki'Ss), n. [L chaotf 6r. x^oc> fr. X9^'^^ ^
yawn. Cf. Chasm.] A confusedj. unorganisea mass of
matter ; confusion ; disorder. — Oha-Otlo (kft-5t0rk), a.
Obap (chSp or ch5p), v. t. &i. To crack ; to split. ^
n. A cleft, crack, or chink.
Obap (ch9p\ n. [OE. chnfl ; of Scand. origin.] Jaw.
Obap (chip), n. [Perh. abbr. fr. chapman,"] A man
or boy ; a fellow. [Col log. 1
II Olia'par-ral' (chK^p4r-ral0t n. [8p., fr. chaparro an
evergreen oak . ] Thicket of low evergreen oaks or shrubs.
Obapt (chip), n. [F. ; fr. L. cappa. See Cap.] 1.
Piece attaching an object to something, as the frog of a
scabbard. 2. Guard of a sword.
Oba'paaa'(sh4'pQ'),n.;p/.-nAi7x(-p9zO- [F.] Hat.
Obap'al (chSp^), n. [F. chapelle, fr. LL. capella.}
1. A subordinate pUce of worship ; smaU church at-
tached to a palace, hospital, prison, etc. 2. In England,
a dissenters* meetinghouse.
Obap'el-ry i-rf), n. Bounds or district of a chapel.
Obap'MT-on (shSp'Sr-Sn), n. [F.] 1. A hood. 2. A
rostron who accompanies s young lady in public. — v. I.
To matronize. — Obap'er-on^af* (-9n'ij), n.
Obapfail'en (chSi/fal^'n), a. Having the lower chap
or Jaw drooping ; crestfallen ; discouraged.
ObapOaln (chSpnin), n. [F. ckapflain^ fr. LL. ca-
pellanut, fr. cnpella. See Crapbl.] 1. An ecclesiastic
who performs service in a chapeL 2. A clergyman offi-
cially attached to the army or navy, a public institution,
society, etc. — ObapOaln-cy, Obai»laiii-tblp, n.
Obaplot (let), n. [F. chapflet.\ 1. Garland or
wreath for the head. 2. String of beads used in praying.
Obap'mail (-man), n. [AS. cfApman ; cthp trade -f
man man ; akin to G. kaupiutnn.l A peddler ; hawker.
Obaps (ch5pR), n.pl. The jaws.
Obap'ter (chSp'tSV), n. [OE. & F. chapitre, fr. L.
capitiuumy dim. of caput head.] 1. A division of abook
or treatise. 2. Organized branch of some society.
Obar, Obarr (chHr), n. [Ir. cear^ lit., blood-colored.]
A flnh tUlied to the trout and salmon.
Obar (chftr), n. [AS. rerr business.] Chore; work
done by the day. [TTw^.l — t-. i. To work by the day,
without being a regularly hired servant ; to do small jobs.
Obar (chKr), V. t, 1. To redace to coal, cat boa, or
charcoal ; to bum to a cinder. 2. To bum partially.
Obai'ao-tar (kir'ik-tir), n. [L., an instrument for
marking, Gr. xafOKnjp, fr. x^^P^^'^ ^ engrave.] 1.
A distinctive mark ; letter ; figure ; symboL 2. Style ci
writing or printing ; handwriting. 3. Distinctive quaU^ ;
nature. 4. Streurtli of mind ; individuality. 6. Quality
or conduct. 6. Estimate put upon a person or thing ;
reputation. 7. A unique or extraordinary person. 8.
One of the persons of a drama or novel.
Obar'ao-tar-iatlo (-Ts'tTk), a. Pertaining to the
character ; showing distinctive qualities or traits ; pecul-
iar.—n. 1. A distinguishing property. 2. Integral
part of a logarithm. — CSbarao-tar-isllo^-ly, adv.
Obax'ao-tar-iie (-is), v. t. 1. To mark with distinctlTO
features. 2. To indicate the character of ; to dmcribe.
3. To show the character of. ~ Obar'ao-tar-l-ia^tlMIt n.
Syn. — To describe : mark ; style ; entitle.
Oba-rada' (shi-rSd'), n. [F.l An enigma In which
a word and its significant syllables are to be goeawd
from descriptions or representations.
pooia['(
(ch«rnt51'),n. [CAartobura-f coo/.] 1.
Impure carbon prepared from vegetable or animal sub-
stances ; coal made by charring wood, and used for fuel
and in mechanical and chemical processes. 2. Finely
prepared charcoal, used as a drawing implement.
CAuurffe (chlirj), r. t. [F. charger^ fr. LL. earrieare^
fr. L. earru* wagon.] 1. To impose, as a load, tax, or
burden. 2. To impom, as a tsisk, duty, or trust; to
urge earaestlv. 3. To make liable for. 4. To demand
as a price, o. To put to the account of as a debt ; to
debit. 6. To lay to one*s charge. 7. To make a charge
or assertion a^^inst (a person or thing). 8. To load ; to
fill (a gun, etc.). 9. To rush upon ; to attack.
Syn. — To intrust: command; exhort; inatmot; ac-
cuse : impeach ; arraign. See Accttbb.
^v.i, 1. To make an onset. 2. To demand a price,
or debit on an account. 3. To squat on its belly and be
still ; — a command to a dog. — n. LA load or burden.
2. A person or thing committed to another's care; a
trust. 3. Custody ; office ; dutv. 4. An order or com-
mand. 6. An accusation ; specification of something al-
leged. 6. A burden on property, such as rents, taxes,
liens, etc. ; expense incurred. 7. Price demanded for a
thing or service. 8. Entry of what is due from one
party to another. 9. Quantity (of ammunition, elec-
tricity, ore, fuel, etc.) held by any apparatus at one time.
10. Sudden onset ; signal for attack.
Syn. — Care ; custody ; trust ; office ; expense ; cost ;
price ; attack ; onset ; command ; accusation ; indictment.
Obarn'a-Dle, a. 1. That may be charged or imputed.
2. Liable or responsible. 3. Costly ; burdensome.
II ObafaJK d^af'falTM^ (sh&r'zbi' d&f'ftrO, n. ; 0/.
CHARois D^AFFAiRKS. [F., "charged with affairs."] An
inferior diplomatic representative at a foreign court.
Obax'Car (chSr'jSr), n. 1. One that charges. 2. An
instmment for measuring a charge. 3. A large dish.
4. A horse for battle or parade.
Obar1-ly (chtrT-iy), adv. Cautiously ; fragally.
Obar^-naM, n. The quality of being chary.
Obart-Ot(chir^-«t), n. [F., fr. char car.] 1. A two-
wheeled car anciently used in war, racing, processions,
etc. 2. A four-wheeled carriage. — Obari-Ot-MT^t n.
Obar1-ta-ble (-t&-b*l), a. [F. See CnAamr.] 1.
FiUl of good will ; kind. 2. Liberal in judging others.
3. liberal in giving. 4. Pertaining to charity ; eleemosy-
nary. — Obarl-ta-ble-ness, n. — Obari-ta-Uy, adv.
Syn. — Kind ; beneficent ; benevolent ; generous : leni-
ent: forgiving ; helpful ; liberal ; favorable ; indulgent.
OnarT-ty (-ty), »• [F. chants, fr. L. cari/a« dearaess,
love, fr. cart** dear, costly.] 1. Love; good will. 2.
Liberality in judging. 3. GeneroMty. 4. Alms; act of
kindness. 5. Charitable inntitution : gift to support one.
Syn. — Love ; benevolence : good will ; tendeme
beneficence : liberality ; almsgivme.
S, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; &, d, I, 5, tt, % short ; s«UMe, 8vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, c4re, iirm, dsk, nil, final.
CHARIVARI
103
CHECKERBOARD
nade of ducordant noises, designed to uinoy.
Cnur'la-tan (sbiiKUUan), n. [F., fr. It. eiartaiano.']
One who prates in his own favor ; a quack ; mountebank.
— GharOft-tan-ism, Oharla-tan-iy, n.
Ohailos'B Wain (charlz^s winO. [AS. Caria wXn
(for W3effn).'\ The Dipper, or group of seven stars in
the constellation ITrsa Major^ or Great Bear.
Ghanotte (shKi^St), n. [F.] A kind of pudding.
OharlotU Rases (shiirnSt rus'') [F.. Russian charlotte],
custard or whipped cream, iucloeed in sponge cake.
Oharm (chirm), n. (.F. eharme^ fr. L. carmen song,
incantation.] 1. A magical combination of words, char-
acters, etc. ; an incantation. 2. That which fascinates;
alluring quslity. 3. Anything worn to avert ill or secure
good fortune. 4. A small trinket worn on the person.
Syn. — Spell ; incantation ; enchantment ; attraction.
^ r. /. 1. To affect by magic 2. To attract irresisti-
To protect with spells, charms, or
bly; to fascinate. 3.
•npematural influences. —
I'ar, n.
Syn. — To ftiscinate ; enchant ; enrapture : captivate ;
bewitch ; allure ; subdue ; delight ; entice ; transport.
Ohaimlng, a. Pleasing the mind or senses highly ;
fascinating ; attractive. — uharmlng-ly, adv.
Syn. — Enchanthig ; bewitching ; captivating ; de-
lightful; lovely; amiable ; pleasing ; winning.
Ohar'liel (chlir'nei), a. [F., carnal, fleshly, fr. L. ear-
nalis. See Carkal.] Containing bodies of the dead.
Ghanisl hoaas, a tomb ; vault: cemetery.
n Oltai^pld (sh&r'pt), n. [F., p. p. of OF. eharjrir to
pluck, L. carpere.] Lint for surgical dressings.
Okarr (chkr), n. Char, the fish. [coal. I
Ghar'kT (-ry), a. Pertaining to charcoal ; like char-|
Ohait (chl&rtj, n. [A doublet of card."] 1. A paper
giving information. 2. A map. -* r. /. To map.
(Dlir-U'oeoiUI (kSr-tS'shOs), a. [L. eharUieetu.']
Reaembling paper or parchment.
OhaitMr (char't«r), n. [F. ehartre^ cfuarte^ fr. L.
ehartula a little paper, dim. of eharta.l 1. A written
instrument, from the sovereign power of a state, bestow.
log rights, franchises, or privileges. 2. A legislative act
creating a corporation and defloing its powers and privi-
leges. 3. A special privilege or exemption. 4. The
hiring a vessel, or instrument whereby she is let. ^ v. /.
X. To establish by ch%rter. 2. To hire by charter.
Charter party [F. ehartre partie or charts partie^ a di-
vided chirterK lease of a vessel, or part of it.
Ohar^ (chftr'j^), a. [AS. eearig careful, fr. eearu
care.] Careful ; wary ; saving ; frugal.
Ohase (chas), v. t. [F. ckasser; L. captare to strive
to seise. See Catch.] 1. To pursue : to hunt. 2. To
cause to fly. — r. i. To hunt— n. 1. Vehement nur-
auit ; earnest seeking. 2. That which is hunted. 3. A
division of a gallery floor for court tennis. — Ghas'ar, n.
OlUUM, n. [F. chdAie, fr. L. eapsa box, case.] 1. Iron
frame in which printers impose type. 2. Forward part
of a cannon. 3* A groove ; trench.
duUM, V. t. [Contr. of enc/uue.^ To ornament (a sur-
face of metal) by embossing, etc. — Ghaa'ar, n.
OliaBlll (kfts'm), n. [Or. vaoTio.] 1. A deep opening
or breach ; yawning abyss. 2. A gap or break.
Ohaa'Wtm' (sh&s'sSrO, *»• [F> « huntsman. See
Crass to Dursue.1 1. A light armed cavalry or infantry
■oMier. 2. A uniformed attendant upon persons of rank.
(niasta(chist),a. [F.; L.castus.'\ 1. Pure ; virtuous.
8. Innocent ; modest 3. Free from vulgarisms ; reflned ;
simple. — 01uurt»ay, adv. — Ohaste'llOM. n.
ftyn.— Undeflled; pure; virtuous; continent
Olua'Ull (chS's'n), V. t. [OF. ehtutier ; L. castigare ;
cax/tw-f-A^ere to drive.! 1. To correct by punishment ;
to discipline. 2. To refine. — CDuui'tOll-er, n.
Syn, — Chastkh ; Puwish; Chastise: corrp'^t; disci-
plme; oastigite: afflict: subdue; purify. —To chasten
ia to subject to affliction, in order to amend life or charac-
ter. TopymUh is to inflict penalty for wrongdoing. To
enastise is to punish a particular offense.
Ohas-tftM' (chls-tisO« V. t.
for punishment or reformation. 2. To purify.
tia'er, n. — OluWtlad-llMllt (-tTs-m«nt), n.
1. To_inflict pain upon,
—Oliaa-
Syn. — See Ghastbm.
CBiai^-ty (-tT-ty), n. Ti
Cniaa^-UO (chSx't-bn), n. [F.; LL. eawbula
The being chaste ; purity.
hooded garment, dim. of L. ea*a cottage.1 Outer vestmont
of a priest iaying Mass. [Written also eioHbte^ chesibie.']
01Ut(chXt),ir.i. [Fr.ehatter.l To talk freely.— n. 1.
Light conversation ; gossip. 2. Bird allied to the warblers.
llOha'tMU' (shA'tSOi «./ Pl- Chatbaux (-t5i). [F.
ehcUeau castle.] 1. A French castle or fortress. 2. A
manor house or country seat ; a royal residence.
Obat'e-lot (shlt^-lSt; F. shi&'t'-ltO. n. [F. c/uUelet,
dim. of eh&feau.} A UtUe castle.
OlUt'al-la-ny (shSfH-lt-nJ^), n. Lordship of a castle.
Obartal (chXt't'l), n. [OF. chaiet; a form of catel.
See Cattlb.] Any movable property.
Obat'tar (-t2r), V. i. [ImlUtive.] 1. To utter sounds
like language, but inarticulate. 2. To talk idly or care-
lessly ; to prate. — n. 1. Idle talk ; Jabbe- ; prattle.
2. Noise made by collision ot the teeth, as in shivering.
OlUttarlNir (-bSks^), n. One who Ulks incessantly
and idly. iColloq.}
Oliat'tar-er, n. 1. A prater. 2. A European and
American bird having a monotonous note.
Obat'ty (-t^). a. Given to light talk ; talkative.
Ohaap (chSp), a. [AS. ce&p bargain, price.] 1. Of
small cost orpnce. 2. Of small value ; common, ^acfir.
Cheaply. — CuMply, od v. — Oheap^esa, n.
OhMp'eQ (chS'p'n), V. t. [AS. ce&pian.'\ To beat
down the price of ; to depreciate. — Ohaaj^an-er, n.
Ohaat (cbSt). n. [Prob. abbr. of escheat.^ 1. A de-
ception or fraud. 2. An impostor. 3. Cliess, a weed.
8yn. — Deception ; Imposture ; fraud ; delusion ; artl-
flee ; trick ; swindle ; deceit ; guile ; finesse ; stratagem.
— r. /. & i. 1. To deceive and defraud ; to impose upon.
2. Tobeguile. — Oheat'ar, n.
Syn. — To trick ; gull ; fool ; beguile ; mislead ; dupe ;
swindle ; defraud ; overreach ; deceive ; bamboosie.
Oheok (chSk), n. [F. Schec a stop, hindrance, orig.,
check in the game of chess. See Checkmatb.] 1. A
word of warning in the game of chess, denoting that the
king is in danger, and must be made safe. 2. Impeded
progress ; arrest 3. Whatever arrests progress. 4. A
mark to prevent errors, or identify a thing. 6. A written
order directing a banker to pay money as therein stated.
6. A woven or painted design in squares resembling the
pattern of a checkerboard ; one square of such a desigu ;
cloth having such a figure. 7. A small chink or crack.
Syn. — Hhidrance ; setback ; interruption ; obstruc-
tion ; reprimand ; censure ; rebuke ; reproof ; repulse ;
rebuff ; tally ; counterfoil ; counterbalance ; ticket ; draft
^v. t. 1. To make a move in chess which puts an ad-
versary's piece in check. 2. To put restraint upon ; to
stop temporarily. 3. To verify by a token or other check ;
to mark (an item) after verifying it, to secure accuracy.
4. To make checks or chinks in ; to cause to crack. ^
V. i. 1. To stop ; to pause. 2. To restrain. 3. To crack
open, as wood, varnish, paint, etc., in drying.
Syn. — To restrain : curb ; bridle ; repress ; control ;
hinder ; interrupt ; tally ; rebuke ; reprove ; rebuff.
Ohaok'er, n. One who checks.
Oheok'er, r. t. [Fr. OF. esrhequier chessboard.] 1.
To mark with stnnll nquares like a
checkerboard. 2. To divernify. —
n. 1. A piece in the game of
checkers. 2. A pattern in checks ;
a single check. 3. Checker work.
1^^ This word is also written
chequer.
Oheck'er-lKNuna' (-b5rd0, n. A
board with 64 squares of alternate
colors, used for playing checkers or
draughts.
Chceherbosrd.
fSrn, recent, 6rb, ryde, fyll, ilzn, ftfbd, f(n>t, oat, oil, chair, go, ling, i^k, then, thin.
CHECKERS
104
CHIARO-OSCURO
OhMdi'm (cbSk'Sn), n. pi. A game, cmUed alto
draughttf played on a checkerboard by two peraoni, each
having 12 men (checkers).
OllMk'cr-WOlk' (-wQrkO, n. 1. Work oonaiating of
checkers Taried alternately in color or material. 2. Any
aggregate of varied vicisaitudea.
UhMdl'BIAte (-mit), n. [P. ichee el mat, fr. Per. shih
mSt checkmate, lit., the king is dead, fr. Ar. nuUa he is
dead. The kii^, when checkmated, is considered dead,
and the game ends.] 1. The position in the game of chess
when a Idng cannot be released from check, — which
ends the game. 2. A complete check ; utter overthrow.
— r. t, I. To check (an adversary's king) so that escape
is impossible. 2. To defeat completely.
Oheok (chSk), n. [AS. eeAte.] 1. Side of the face
below the eye. 2. pi. Those pieces of a machine, etc.,
which are similar and in pairs. 3. pi. Branches of a
bridle bit. 4. Cool confidence ; impudence. ISlang"}
• (chSr), n. [LL. cara face, Or. icdpa head.f 1.
Feeling; state of mind. 2. Oayety ; animation. 3. That
which promotes good spirits ; provisions for a feast ; en-
tertainment. 4. A shout of joy, i4)plause, favor, etc. —
V. t. 1. To gladden. 2. To infuse life or hope into. 3.
To salute or urge on by cheers. — r. {. 1. To grow cheer-
ful. 2. To shout in applause, triumph, etc.
8jii. — To gladden; encourage; inspirit: comfort;
console ; enliven ; refresh ; exhilarate ; animate ; applaud.
Oheei'tlll (chSr'fvl), a. Having or allowing good
spirits. — Obaertlll-ly, ndv. — 0lMitrtlll-lM8S, n.
Syn. — Lively ; animated ; gay ; Joyful ; sprightly ;
j<dly; joyoiu: vivacious; buoyant; hopeful.
GMOTl-ly (-T-iy)i udv. In a cheery manner.
OhMl'l-IIMSt n. State of beins cheery.
OhMrlM*, a. Without joy, gladness, or comfort. —
Syn. — Gloomy ; sad ; comfortless; forlorn.
Olietl^, a. Cheerful ; lively ; gay ; briKht.
Obeoae (chSz), n. [AS. c^e, fr. L. caseut.'] Curd of
milk, coagulated, and pressed.
Ohssss csks, a cake of soft curds, sugar, and butter. —
Ohssss tr, a black dipterous insect whose larvse or mag-
gots, called xkippers or hopper*^ live in cheese,
mite, a minute mite in cheese, etc.
OlMMa'llMn'Ctr (-miiQ'gSr), n. A dealer
in cheese.
OlMM«'p«I^lllff(-pftrOrng).n. Thin bit of
the rind of a cheese. ^ a. Scrimping ; mean.
ChMS^ (-3^), a. Like cheese in taste, con-
Ob«e^tAll (h ht'lA^, f? I Hjii-L cAW5.] ChfeM Mite.
II 011*1-^1' «tivre' {nht iovT^, n, ; pi. Chbf3-d'<euvwb
{■ht -V [F,] A iTi (IP t#r IMP. V in iirt, literature, etc.
dlO^QO ( '' ti?(f 'ft K miftg'M I <■ p), n. Chigoe.
|lCnieMo^(HU{tct-lJ^f^f.-di), n. Chilopoda.
Oliel rop^1«r (-rOp'tSr), n. One of the Cheiroptera.
llCheirOp'tfr^ra (ti-ri), w, ,' pi. [NL., fr. Or. x"P
hoikd ■* frT*pd>^ *irj(t') All orrlfif of Mammalia, Incliid-
Loir till? bsttx,, havJDjK thf. AiitDrif^r limbs connected by a
Wfb. i»o til lit thpy can bt* iiit'ii like winsrs in flying.
[lOti*^ {tifli), ri. ; pi. Cmelje (-15). [NL., fr. Or.
TTjAij nlAw.] Tho ijinrtiftlikp «;law of Crustacea and
II CllO-llKltl-A (kfr.lo'iiT'il, n j4. [NL., fr. Or. x«Awki?
i(4TtorEM>,] Au ordi^r of r*»|>iiU^, including tortoines and
tuTtlcn. h»vlntr » ^m wb^lL — Che-lO'nl-AIl, n. & n.
CmemlG fklinmc), n. A ^. Indon of chloride of lime,
u»^1 \n blM*Hi]iJtt- — n. Cli"i ' ' il.
ObOHl^G'fll ( -T-k^l ) , if, I't i' 1. . oing to chemistry ; pro-
ducpct l>v, or ^iFyvI in, prwrnj-^ ^ -f chemistry. —n. S»b-
stai . : . ■ I* I i«^fl 1 f iTiT t. — Ohem'io-Al-ly, ndr.
C 0, n- [F ; LL c<imi#rt shirt.] 1.
A ^«7u..u o ui.J^i-,(.4riiietit. 3. WaU lining a bank.
Ot&m'i-MltW (shSm^ t-z8t'), n. [F. ] A woman's under-
garment, covering neck, shoulders, and breast.
Oh«m1st (kSmOTst), n. [Abbr. fr. ofcAemM.] One
versed in chemistry ; a maker or seller of drugs.
OhMB^tXT (Is-try), n. [Fr. chemist.} 1. ScieDce
of the oompocltioo of subetanoea and changes in the com-
position and constitution of molecules. 2. An applica-
tion of chemical theory and method to some puticalar
subject ; as, the cAemu/ry of iron.
ly* This word and iU derivatives were formerly writ-
ten with y, and aometimes with i\ instead of e, hi the first
syllable, chymUtry, chymut^ or chimistry, chtmut, etc
OlM-llllle' (sh«-uSl'), n, [F., prop., a caterpilUr.]
Tufted cord, of silk or worsted, used as trimming.
OheqiM (ch8k)f n. Check, an order to pay money.
OheqlMr (chSk'Sr), n. & V. Checker.
OhMllll (chSr^sh), v. t. [F. ehSrir, fr. cher dear,
fr. L. cartM.1 1. To treat with tenderness; to protect
and aid. 2. To hold dear ; to footer. — Ohtrtsll-tr, n.
Syn. — See Nuhtuss.
OlM-root' (
[TamU MtirvfTv.] A kind
of cigar, originally from Manilla, F
(ch«-r66t'), n. _
_ . .[inally from Manilla, Philippine Islanda.
OhMT^ (chSr'^), «. [F. cerise (cf. AS. cyra cherry),
fr. L. eerastu cherry tree.] 1. A tree bearing a fleahy
drupe with a bony stone. 2. Fruit of the cherry tree.
3. Timber of the tree, used in cabinetmaking, ete. 4. A
shade of red. » a. Of the color of the red cherry.
OlMr'M-neM (kSr'ct-nSs), n. [Or. xcpv^i'Tooc ; x'^
<rK land -f yii<TOi island.] A peninsula.
Oliart (chirt), n. [Ir. ceart stone.] An impure, flint-
like quarts or homstone. — OhMt'T, o.
Obei^b (oher'ab), r. ; pi. E. Chsbubs (-libs) ; Heb.
CHBauBm (-0-bTm). [Heb. kerub.J 1. One of an order
of angelsjjlistinguished from semphim, 2. A beautiful
child. —CDie-ni'ble (rht-rita>Tk), CDi*nililo-al, a.
Olier^P (ch«r'iip), r. & n. Chirp.
Ohesl-Ue (chSsa-bU), n. Chasuble.
Ohess (chSs), n. [F. ichecs, prop. pL of ichee check.
See Crkcx, a stop.] A game played on a chessboard by
two persons, with two sets of men, 16 in each set.
OllMt, n. A troublesome weed in wheat fields ; cheat.
OheMlKMtfd^ (-bSrdO, n. The board used in cheaa.
OhMs'man, n. One of the 32 pieces used In chess.
Ohest (chSst), n. [AS. cext, cyst, L. cista. Or. jci'vny.]
1. A large box with a lid. 2. Tlie part of the body in-
closed by the ribs ; thorax. 3. A tight receptacle for
holding (rac, steam, liquids, etc.
Ohegfllllt (chSs'nat), n. [AS. risten in cisten-be6m
chestnut tree ; L. eastanea chestnut. Or. Koovarov.] 1.
Edible nut of a forest tree of Europe and America. 2. The
tree itself, or its timber, used for furniture, etc. 3. Tlie
bright brown color of the nut. 4. The horse chestnut.
6. One of the homy plates on the inner sides of the lega
of the horse and allied animals. 6. An old joke. [Slang}
— a. Of a reddish brown color.
Ohe'tAh (che'U), n. Cheetah.
II Olw-Tal' (she-vil'), n. ; pi. Chsyauz (-vS'). [F.
S?e Cayalcadb.] A horse ; hence, a support or frame.
II Ohe-Til'-de-frise' (-d^ -frSzO. n. / pi. Chkyaux-i»-
PRISB. [F. cheval -|- Frise
Friesland, where it was first
used.] A timber traversed
with pointed spikes, to de-
fend a passage, impede the
advance of cavalry, etc.
Ohera-ller' (shevi-lSr'),
n. [F., fr. LL. caballarius.
OhOTYon (-rttn), n. [F., rafter, chevron, fr. ehevre
goat, L. copra she-Koat.] 1. Mark of military rank, worn
on a coatMleeve. 2. A sigzag architectural molding.
Ohew (chvi), V. t.&i. [AS. cedwan.} 1. To bite and
grind with the teeth ; to masticate. 2. To meditate. —
n. That held in the mouth ; quid ; cud. [Lotrl
II Ohla'ro-wm'ro (kyK'r«-Hk5&^«), 1 n. [It., dear
|l01ll-a^ro-08-oa'ro(k^a'rd-58-k5o^r«), f dark.] Ar-
rangement of light and dark parts in a picture.
One form of Chev«l-dc-f rise.
See Cayaloeb.] A kniffht.
a, 5, 1, 5, «, long ; &, fi, I, 6, 0, f, short ; senftte, fivent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cftre. i&rm, aak, ftll, finaL
CHIBOUK
105
CHINCHILLA
iGlbilMVQDt^) (chT4>6&k0f *»• [F. ehihougue, fr.
OU-bOUk' } Turk.] ATurkitfiitobAccopipe.
I Oklo («hte)t n, [F.l CkKxl form ; style. [Slang]
Ok^OUM' (shT-lAi/), n, [F.] Use of mrtful tubter-
foge, esp. in legal proceedings ; trickery : sophistry.^
V. i. To use shiits, cavils, or artifices. — Olli-OMl'cr, n.
Gkt-oan'or-T, n. Mean artifice : sharp practice.
Srn.— TricKerr; sophistry; auibble; stratagem.
Clhlo'OO-rT (chlkncft-i^), n. Chicory.
Oklok (chik), r. I. [OK. cAyArAyn, cf. E. cAidben.] To
sprout, as seed iu the ground ; to vegetate.
Chlok, n. 1. A chicken. 2. A chUd.
Gklok'All (-tu), n. [AS. dcen, dim. of coe cock.] 1.
A young bird, esp. a young barnyard fowl. 2. A ciiild.
^' ^ a poz, eruptive disease of children; varicella.
C'an-bSJUt'ad (-hUrt'eJ), a. Timid ; cowardlv.
k'-ptf (-pS'), n. 1. A leKumiuous plant of Asia
and Africa ; dwarf pea ; gram. 2. Its nutritious seed.
Ohlok'wetd' (-wSdO, n. A weed, whose seeds and
flower buds are esteu by small birds.
OhlO'O-nr (-ft*r]^)« n. [F. chieorScy L. eichorium.] 1.
A perennial plant cultivated for its roots and as a salad
plant ; succory ; wild endive. 2. The root, roasted for
mixing with coffee.
Ohld* (ch!l), r. I. Sti. [imp. CmD (chTd); p. p.
CBXDDma (cbTdM*n), Chid; p. pr. & v6. n. Cmoiiio.]
[AS. tkUmA To find fault ; to scold.
8yn. — To blame ; rebuke ; reprove ; scold ; censure.
Ohitf (chSf), n. [OB. A OF. ; F. ehe/, fr. L. caput
head.] 1. Head or leader of any body of men; one in
aathority ; princioal actor. 2. Most valuable portion.
8yn« — Obisv ; CHnrrAiH ; Commamdbk ; Lbaobs ; cap-
; general ; bead ; principal ; sachem ; sheik.
term cAi>/ is usually applied to a head man or com-
mander in civil or military affairs, or in a tribe or clan.
A chiejtnin is the chief of a tribe, or a military leader.
A commander controls a military or navsl force. A
leader is one whom men follow, as in a political party,
legislative body, expedition, etc
^ a. 1:. Highest in offlce or rank. 2. Principal or most
eminent ; takina the lead : most important.
Syn. — Principal : head; leading; main; supreme;
prime ; vital ; especial ; great ; grand ; eminent.
QhUtiji adv. 1. In the first place; principally;
above aU. 2. For the most part ; mostly.
Okliflllll (-tTn), a. [OF. chevetnin, F. capiiaine, LL.
eapiianuSf f r. L. caput head/1 A captain, leader, or com-
mander. —Ohltf'talB-ey, CulaftaiB-aliip, n.
87ii.~8eeGHisv.
I Cnd'pMMl(shTn'y8n ; F. shl'nydirO* »• [F., tr. chatne
chain, L. catena."] A knot or mass of hair, natural or
artifldal, at the back of a woman's head.
CXIdifoe (chTg^), ) n. [Cf. F. chique, perh. of Pem-
Ohl|^(-4r), ) vian origin.] A South American
flea which attacks the feet or
other exposed part, and, bur-
rowing beneath the skin, pro-
dnees troublesome sores.
[Written also ckegre^ ehegoCt
cAtaue^ chigger^ jigger.]
dul'UJlLl' (chTHlanO, n.
[ChUl + blain.] A blam or
inflammatory swelling, pro-
duced by exposure of the feet
or handii to oold. — v. /. To
produce chilblains upon.
Okfld (chad), n.: pi. Cril-
mtxa (chlKdriin). [AS. did, pi. etldm ; cf. Ooth. kVpH
womb.] 1. A son or a daughter ; in law, legitimate off-
q»ring. 2. A descendant, however remote. [dren. I
OhlldllMniMr (-birang), n. The bringing forth chil- 1
OhndnMO' (-bid/ >, n. The state of a woman in labor ;
parturition. [travail; labor. I
OhlldnMrtll' (-bSrthO, n. The bringing forth a child ; |
1(-h»d). n. [AS. ciWAdZ] 1. State or
Chlsoo or JifnTn*. much en-
largod. a Adult frmiile
a* removed from a hu-
man foot ; nat. iiize.
[NL., fr. Or.
time of being a chUd ; condition from infancy to puberty.
2. The commencement ; first period.
CDllldllll (chOdTsh), a. 1. Pertahiing to, or like, a
child. 2. Puerile ; weak. - CDllldllll-ly, a<fv. - Oltfld'-
llll-nM», n.
OUldliMMK a. Destitute of offspring.
OllildlllU' (-likOi a- Resembiiug, or becoming, a
child; submissive; dutifuL
Ghll'drai (cbTlMrSn), a.; of. of Child.
ahlll4ld (klia-Id), a. [Or. x(JU«lc, -oaoc, fr. x^^mh a
thousand.] A thousand ; a period of 1,000 years.
(mm (chll), n. [AS. eelt.] 1. A moderate de-
gree of cold. 2. A sensation of cold, with iconvulsive
shaking of the body. 3. A check to enthusiasm ; dis-
couragement. 4. An iron mold, serving to cool rapidly,
and harden, the surface of molten iron in contact witli
it. 6. The hardened part of a casting.— a. 1. Moder-
ately cold ; chilly ; raw. 2. Characterised by coolness of
manner, feeling, etc. ; formal ; distant. 3. Depressing ;
dispiriting. — v. /. & <. 1. To cooL 2. To cool (iu cast-
ingiron) on the surface, producing increased hardness.
CniUl'y, a. Moderately cold : cold and raw or damp
so as to cause shivering. — ahUll-IIMS, n. [natha. I
OhlOoc-nath (kinSg-nith), n. One of the ChUog-l
II OhMog^nm-Uui (kt-lOg'nA-thA), n. pi. [NL., fr. Or.
XctAof lip + yvoBoi JAW.] One of the two principal orders
of myrii^Kxls. They have numerous segments, each bear-
ing two pairs of small, slender legs.
Ohiao-POA (kl'lft-pM), n. One of the Chilopoda.
llOhl-lS?0^ (kt-Wp'M
-poda.]
One of the
orders of
myriapoda,
includ-
ing the
c e n t i •
peds. One of ths Chilopoda (TMhnltitu Americanun).
To hi- N'*--*"-
IIUi^(kT-m8'r4),n. [KL. See CHmaA.] A cartilagi-
nous fish of several species. [chine. I
Ohlmb, Otalme (chim), n. [AS. cim.l Edge of a cask ; |
GhlBM, n. [OE. ehimbe cymbal, OF. cymbe, cwnble,
L. eymbalum.'] 1. Harmonious sound of musical instru-
meuts. 2. Set of bells musically tuned to each other ; in
of., music performed on such a set of bells.— v. i. & t.
1. To sound in harmony. 2. To agree or suit (with).
Ohl-lM/km (kl-mfi'ri), n. TL. cMmaern chimera. Or.
Xtfioipa she-goat, chimera/) 1. A mythological monrter
represented as vomiting fuunes, and as having a lion*s
head, goat's body, and dragon's tall. 2. A foolish fancv.
Ohl-mMrftHd (-m6r^-kol), Ghl-DMr^, a. Merely
imnginary; wildly conceived. — Ohl-mtriO-Al-ly, ndv.
Syn. — Imaginary ; fanciful ; fantastic ; wild : vain.
CnilmlMy (chTm'n^), n. [F. ckeminh, fr. L. cami-
ntu fireplace.i 1. A flue for smoke. 2. A tube sur-
rounding the flame of a lamp, to create a draft. 3. A
body of ore extending downward in a vein.
Ohlm-paillM (chTm.pin'sl), n. [Fr. native name.]
An African ape very rlonely resembling man.
Ohin (chTn), n. [AS. ctn ; akin to O. ^ Icel. kinn cheek,
L. gena. Or. ycVvf.] 1. The lower extremity of the
face, below the mouth ; the point of the under jaw. 2.
The exterior or under surface embraced between the
branches of the lower jaw bone, in birds.
Ohl'nA (chi'n4), n. 1. A country in Eastern Asia. 2.
China ware ; porcelain.
Ohl'na-mail (-m/m), n. A native of China ; a Chinese.
Ohln'ea-plll (chTQ^kA-pTn), n. Chinquapin.
OlllllOh(chTnch), n. [8p. cAVn rA« bug; L. Hm«T.] 1.
The bedbug. 2. A bug resembling the bedbug in its dis-
gnating odor, and very deatructive tc grain.
Qhin-OhliaA (chln-chTinA), n. [Sp.] 1. A rodent of
fSm, recent, 6rb, ryde, f^^ Hzn, food, ftfbt, oat, oil, chair, bo, sin^, ink, then, UUn.
CHIN COUGH
106
CHOOSE
Pern and Chili, of the sixe of a Urge aquirreL 2. For of
the chinchilla. 3. Heavy, lone-napped cloth.
Ghln' OOfagb' (chTn' kSfJ. (Fot chink cough.'}
Whooping cough.
Ohino (chin), n. [OF. etchine^ f r. OHO. tkina needle,
prickle, ahin ; cf. L. spina thorn, spine, backbone.] 1.
§pine of an animal. 2. Piece of an aninial*t backbone,
with adjoining parts^cut for cookinff. 3. Edge or rim of
a cask. -^v. t. 1. To cut through the backbone of ;
to cut into chinea. 2. To chamfer (staves at the ends).
Ohl-liom' (cht-n8x' or -nSV), a. Pertaining, or pecul*
far, to China, ^n. sing. & pi. 1. A native or natives of
Chhia. 2. ting. The monosyllabic language of China.
Ohink (chTnk), n. [AS. c{n«, fr. Hnan to gape.] A
■mall cleft or Basure. ^v. L To crack ; to open. ^ v. /.
1. To open in cracks. 2. To fill up the chinks of.
OUlIK, n. [Imitative. J 1. A short, sharp sound, as of
metal struck smartly. 2. Money; cash. [Can/] — r. /
&i. Tojingle.— d]llllk^,a.
A North American
COltn'qiu-ntll (chTnOcA-pTu),
tree or ahrub allied to the chestnut. Also, its small,
edible nut. [Written also chincanin and chinkapin.']
OhllttX (chinU ; 93), n. [Hindi chlnt spotted cotton
doth. chUUa spot.] rriuted cotton cloth, often glased.
Ohlp (chip), V. t.&i. [0. kippen to clip, pare.] To
break or cut into small pieces. '— n. 1. Piece ; fragment.
2. Wood or p«lm leaf split iuto slips, or straw Raited,
tonuJcehats. 3. Counter in games of cards.
Ohto'milllk' (-mCiQkOi n. [Indian name.] Aaqnirrel-
like^American
animal, called
also tlripedf
chipping^ or
ground tquir-
re/, and haekre.
uld-roc'ra-
phMT (kt.rOg'-
rA-fJr), n. [Or. ^^. ,. ,^ .^. ^ .
X»i p <S y p «^ o ? Chipmunk ( Tannas rtnortw).
written ; ycip hand -f ypd^tiy to write.] A penman.
Okl-rocra-pliy (-ffh **• l- ^^^ '^ o' writing or
engrossing ; handwriting. 2. A telling fortunes by ex-
amining the hand. — Om'ro-gniplllO (kPrft-grif^k), a.
Ohl-na'O-gy (-r51'i-jy), n. [Or. x*ip + 'logy.l Use
of signs by the hands, as a substitute for spoken or writ-
ten language in Intercourse with the deaf and dumb. —
Ghl-rol'o-glst, n. — OU-ro-loglo-al (-rft-lSjT-kal), a.
OU'rO-lliail'Gir (kfrt-mSn'sj^), n. [Or. x"^ +
-mancy.] A telling fortunes by insp^Rcting the hand.
Olll-rop'O-dlSt (-r5p'*-dT8t), n. [Or. v^lp -f irow.
iro3df, foot.] One who treats diseases of the hands and
feet ; esp., one who removes corns and bunyons.
CQlirp (chirp), V. i. [Imitative.] To make a short,
■harp, cheerful sound, as of small birds or crickets. ^
n. The short, sharp note of a bird or insect.
Ohlr'llip (chTr'riip), r. t. & i. To animate by chlrp-
Inff : to chenip. ^ n. A chirping ; a chirp.
Ohls'al (chlx'Sl), n. [OF. chUeU fr- LL. cisfUuSy fr.
L. caetuty p. p. of caetlere to cut. Cf . Scissons.] A
tool for shaping timber, stone, metal, etc. — r. /.
[imp. & p. p. Chisblfd (-»lfl). or Chisbllbd; p.
pr. & vb. n. Chiseliko, or Chiskllino.] To cut,
pare, gouge, or engnve with a chisel.
Chit (chit), n. [Cf. AS. cl* shoot, sprig] 1.
The embryo or growing bud of a plant; a spronU
2. A child ; a nnall or inaignincMit person or
animnl. —r. i. To shoot out ; to sprout.
Ollirchat (-chSt), n. Familiar talk ; prattle.
Ohiyal-rto (shTv'oirTk), Ohiy'al-roiis (.rii»}, _
a. Pertaining to chivalry ; warlike; hiffh-min<1«Hi. cWgel.
OhlV'al-ry (-ry), n. lF.rhrrnlfTif,fT.rhf^'alier
knight, OF., horseman. Bee Cavalry.] 1. A body of
cavaliers or knights; cavnlry. 2. Dignity, usages, or
manners of knighthood ; valor, courtesy, etc.
Ohtre (chlv), n. [F cive, fr. L. eepa, caepoy onkm.]
A perennial plant allied to the onion.
OhlO^nd (klS'ral), n. [CA/oHne + o/cohol.] 1. An
oily liquid obtained bv action of chlorine upon alcohol. 2.
Chloral hydrate, a white crystalline subetanoe, obtained
by treating chloral with water, and used as a sedative.
OhlO^te (-rtt), n. [F.] A salt of chloric add.
OhlO'rtO (-rTk)« o. Pert, to, or obtained from, chlorine.
OhlO'lite (-rid or -rid), n. A compound of chlorine
with another element. — Ohlo-lld'lo (klft-rTd^k), a.
OhUKlllM (klS'rTn or -rSn), n. [Or. x^P^ green.]
One of the dements, a greenish yellow, poisonous gaa.
Ita moat important compound is common salt.
OhlOfro-funil (-rMOrm), n. [CA/oHne-{-/onnyl.] A
volatile liquid formed by treating alcohol with chlorine
and an alkali, and used as an anaesthetic. — r. -L To
treat with chloroform, or to place under its influence.
OhOOk (chSk), r. /. To fasten, as with a wedge or
block; to scotch.— r. i. To fill iip, as a cavity. —n.
Wedge preventing motion. — adv. Entirely ; quite.
O^Wk'-fQll' (-folO. o- Quite full ; choke-full.
Ohop'O-Ute (-O-lst), n. [8p., fr. Mexican name of the
cacao.] 1. A pnate composed of roasted seeds of cacao
and otner ingredienta. 2. Beverage made by dissolving
thepaste in boiling water or milk.
Onofoe (chois), n. [OE. & OF. choit; F. choitir
to choose, t 1. A choosing ; preference of one thing to
another. 2. Option. 3. Care in selecting ; discrimina-
tion. 4. A sufficient number to choose among. 6. Thing
or person chosen in preference to others. 6. Best part.
Syn. — See Volition, Option.
—a. 1. Worthy of being choeen or preferred. 2. Pre-
serving with care ; — with of. 3. Sdected with care.
Srn. — Select; precious; exquisite ; rare: careful.
Oholr (kwir), n. [OF. cuer^ fr. L. chorus choral
dance, chorus, choir, fr. Or. X9P^ dancing place.] 1. A
band of singers, esp. in church service. 2- That part of
a church appropriated to the singers. 3. A chancel.
Obokt (cb5k), V. /. [Cf. AS. &ceocian to suffocate.]
1. To stifle ; to suflTocate ; to strangle. 2. To obstruct ; to
block up. 3. To check (growth, progress, etc.). ^v. ».
1. To have the windpipe stopped : to have a spasm of tb«
throat, caused bv iiritation of the windpipe. 2. To be
checked ; to stick, ^n. Stoppage ; strangulation.
Choks damp, carbon dioxide in wells, mines, etc
Ghokf-fnll' (-(ylO, a. Quite full ; chock-fulL
Obok'cr (chOnL^r), n. 1. One that chokea. 2. A
■tiff wide cravat. [Slana']
Ohdkf ) i'^S)t a. 1. Tending to suffocate. 2. In-
OhOk'ey \ cliued to choke.
Ohol'ar (kSl'Sr), n. [F. colore anger, L. cholera a
bilious complaint, fr. Or. x^^^P^ cholera, fr. x^^<h, x^i*
bile.] 1. The bile; — formerly considered the seat of
irascibility. [Obs.} 2. Irritetiou of thepasrions ; wrath.
Ohol'er-A (-&), n. [L.] A disease affecting the diges-
tive and intestinal tract. —Ohsl'm-tito (-ilk), a,
Asiatic cholera, a rapidly fatal Asiatic disease, often
epidemic in other lands.— Oholsra tnHkataa, a dangerous
summer disease of infants. — Oholsra morbiis, a disease
chnnctorized by vomiting and purging, with cramps.
Ohol'er-io (-ik), a. [Or. xp^epucoc.] 1. Having, or
producinir, oholer, or bile. 2. Easily irritated. 3. Angry.
Ohon'drold (kQn'droid), a. [Gr. xSydfHK cartilage +
■oid.2 Resembling cartilage.
II Ohon-dros'te-l (-drSs'tJ-i), n. pi. [NL., fr. Or.
x6ySpoi -f- ixrrwv bone.] An order of fishes. Including
sturgeons, whose skeleton is cartilaginous.
One of the Chondroctci (Ptepiwiu gladiw) of China.
I (chSoz), r. /. [imp. Cross (chSz) ; p. p. Cbo-
1, 8, 1, S, a, long ; &, fl, 1, 0, ft, ti aliort ; aanftte, dvent, tdea. Obey, finite, c4re, i&rm, iksk, nil, flnoL
CHOOSER
107
ama {ehjyt*n\ Cmn (06*.) ; p. pr. & vb. n. CROOsnro.]
[ A9. ceSsan.J To make choice of. — v. i. 2. To select ;
to decide. 2. To do otherwiBe. — OhOOt'cr (cbSte^r), n.
Syn. — To Croosb; Prsfks: Elict: select; adopt;
f oUow. — To choose denotes to take or fix u pon by an act
of the will or deciaion of the hidgment. To prefer is to
favor one thing as more deairable than another. To elect
is to choose for some office, emplojrment, use, etc.
OhOP (ch9p), V. /. [Cf. LO. & D. happen. Cf. Crap
to crock.] 1. To cut into pieces; to mince. 2. To sever
by blows of a sharp instrument ; to divide, ^v. i. To
strike quickly with a sharp instrument.
OboPr t*. /. [Cf. D. koopen to buy. See Chbafih, v. t."]
To barter or truck ; to substitute one thing for another.
— r. «. 1. To purchase by way of truck. 2. To shift
suddenly, as the wind. 3. To wrangle, ^n. Change.
GHop, r. /. & i. To chap.
Cniop,n. 1. A chopping; a stroke. 2. A piece chopped
off ; a slice. 3. A crack or cleft.
Okop* n. [See Chap.I 1. A jaw of an animal. 2. A
movable jaw or cheek of a viae, etc. 3. The land at each
side of the mouth of a river, harbor, or channel.
Obop, n. [Chm. & Hind, chhap stamp, brand.] 1.
Quality ; brand. 2. A permit or clearance.
OhOpiftll'eil (-fftl^'n), a. Having the lower chop or
jaw depreased ; crestfallen ; dejected ; downcast.
Obop'llOllBe' (-hous'), n. A house where chops, etc.,
are sold ; an eating house. [house. I
Ohop'honM', n. [Fr.<;Aop quality.] Chinese custom- 1
Oliop'par (-pir), n. One that chops.
OhOpB (chBps), n. pi. [See Cnopa jaw.1 1. The jaws;
fleshy parts about the mouth. 2. The sides or capes at
the mouth of a river, channel, luirbor, or bay.
OhOP'Bttok' (chOf/stTkO, n. One of two small sticks
with which Chinese and Japanese take their food.
CJluKral (k5'ral), a. Pertaining to a choir or chorus ;
adapted to be sung in chorus or harmony. — n. A hymn
tune ; a simple tune, sung in unison by the congregation.
[StKnetiraes written ehorale.'\ — Oho'ral-lT, adv.
OliOrd (k6rd), n. [L. chorda gut, string made of a
gut. Or. x^^i ^ String of a musical instrument. 2.
A harmonious combination of tones simultaneously per-
formed. 3. A right line uniting the extremities of the
arc of a circle or curve. 4. A cord,
tendon, or nerve. 6. The upper or lower
part of a truss, resisting compression or
tension. — r. /. To provide with mu-
sical chords or strings; to string; to
tone. ^ V. i. To accord ; to harmoniae
together.
» (ch5r), n. [Same as char work
CHRYSOBERYL
(chBf)» n. [AS. eed."] A European Wrd of
the Crow family.
ObOOM (chous), V. /. [Turk. cAd&rA interpreter.] To
defraud. «n. 1. Asiropieton; guU.. 2. Imposition.
OllOW'OllOW' (chou'chouO, a. [Chin.1 Consisting of
several kinds mingled together. — n. BUxed pickles.
OhOW'dcr (-dSr), n. [F. ehaudih'e kettle, pot.] A
dish made of fresh fish or clams, biscuit, onions, etc.,
stewed together, ^v. I. To make a chowder of.
Ohrism (krTs*m), n. [AS. crigma^ LL. ehrUma^ 6r.
ypiafia, fr. xpituf to anoint.] Consecrated oil usckI in
done by the day.] A smaU job ; in p«., chord (.1).
the dally light work of a household or AC\AB,ch.orA».
{Arm. ^ r. i. To do chores. \U. 5.]
n OkO'll-On (kS'rT-dn), n. [Or. xo?^''\ 1- ifl) ^«
membrane investing the fetus in the womb, also many
ova. (6) The cutis. 2. Outer membrane of seeds.
OlMra-tor (kSras-tSr), n. One of a choir or chorus.
OhO-rog^a-plMr (kft-rOg'ri-f^r), n. 1. One who maps
or describewa region. 2. A geographical anti<juary.^
Oho-rof'ni-pliy (-fy), n. [Or. x^poypo^ta; x"P®*
Slace -f ypo^ffiv to describe.] Map or description of a
istrict. — CDMI'ro-cni^lo-ll (kS'rd-grSfOr-kal), a.
OhO'rold (kyroid), a. [Or. X!^iw chorion -f- <T^
form.] Like the chorion, ^n. second coat of the eye.
QhatTOM (-His), n. [L.; Or. xop<k. See Chois.;] 1.
Band of singers. 2. Company of persons beholdmg a
Oreek tragedy, and singing their sentiments between
the acts ; passage thus sung. 3. A composition of two
or more parts, each for a number of voices. 4. Parts
of ^song recurring at intervals ; singers in such parts.
» (ch5z), imp. A p. p. ot Choosi.
«B (chS's'n),;?. p. of Choose. Selected from a
number; picked out; choice.
baj^sm, confirmation, ordination, etc. — Ohrlsllial, a.
Uhzii'BlA- 1
Thb Amointko ; an appell -
■tO-ry (krTs'mA-ti-rj^), n. Vessel for chrism.
Ollltet (krist), n. [L. Chrigtiu, Or. Xp4<rT«k, fr. j
OT^ anointed, fr.ypiciK.] Thb Amointko; an appe
tion of Jesus, the Savior, equivalent to Hebrew Messiah.
Ohrlsleil (krls^'u), v. t. [AS. eristniany fr. erUteii
Christian.] 1. To baptize and give a Christian name to.
2. To style. 3. To use for the first time. [Co/to^.l
Ohrlston-dcai (-dam), n. [as. crutenddm; crtslen
-f •dom.'] 1. That portion of the world in which Chris-
tianity prevails. 2. The whole bodv of Christians.
Ohns^Uan (-chon ; 2G), n. [L. chrUtianus; AS. erit-
ten."} One who believes in Jesus Christ ; one whose life
is conformed to Christ's doctrines. — a. 1. Pertaining to
Christ or his rellgrion. 2. Profesdng, or practicing, Chris-
tianity. — OhrtS-tlaal-ty (-chin^-tj^ or -chl-En^). n.
Olins'litll-lia (-chan-iz), v. t. A t. To make or be-
come Christian. — OhllS'tlaB-l-ia'tiOII, n.
CnulsfnyUi (krTs^mas), n. [Chrigt -f mau."] The
festival (December 26) of Christ^s nativity.
dUO-matlo ^kr^mStTk), a. [Or. xP«»^ruc^ suited
forcolor,fr. xp«>v<ui, -/iaroc, color.] 1. Relating to colors.
2. Proceeding by the smaller intervals (half steps or
semitones) of the musical scale.
Otaro-maflOS (-Tks), n. Science of colors.
OhrODM (kr5ra), Onro'llll-lim (krS'mT-iim), n. [NL.
chromium^ fr. Or. XP^I*^ color.] A chemical element
difficult to fuse. Its compounds are used in dyeing, etc.
Ohn/mo (krS'mft), n. [Abbr.] Chromolithograph.
Oliro'mo-lltil'O-cnipIl (-ITth'ft-gr&f), n. [Or. xfi^^
-{- E. lUhograph."] Picture lithographed in colors.
OhronlO (krSuTk), OhronlO-il, a [Or. xpovuco^ con-
cerning time, fr. xP^vik time.! 1. Relating, or accord-
ing, to time. 2. Continuing for a long time ; habitual.
Ohronl-OlO (-T-k'l), n. [Or. xP^^^i n^ut. pi. of
ypoi'uc^f.] 1. Historical account of events in order of
time. 2. Record. —v.<. To record. — Ohronl-clor, n.
8yn. — See Hutobt.
Ohron'o-Kiam (-<-gr8m), n. [Or. XP<^<^ + yp<iM/*a
writing, character.] 1. An inscription whose letters
express a date. 2. Inscription made by a chronograph.
Obron'O-gimph (-grif), n. [Or. xP^vm + -graph."]
Instrument to record intei
r intervals of time.
Obro-nof'ra-iilMr (kr6-n5g'rA-f2r), Ohio-md'o-fer
(-nSl'ft-jSr), n. One skilled in chronology ; chronologtst.
OhnK-nol'O-ffy (-n5l'«-jy), n. [Or. xpoi^Aoyta ; xf^Mx
-f- A^yof discourse. ] Science of measuring time and dat-
ing events. — Ohro-nol'o-glst ( -jTst ), n. — Ohron'o-
lOC^ (krSn't-ISjTk), Oliron'O-lOClo-al, a.
Ohro-nom'e-ter (krft-n5m'$-tSr), n. [Or. xp&f^oi -f
-meter.] A very exact portable timekeeper. — uhroa'O-
nMttlO (krSn'ft-raet'rTk), 01iroil'0-mot'rt04d, a.
Otaro-nom'e-try (-tr^), n. Art of measuring time.
01ir7S'A-lii(krIa'&-ll8), n. ;pl. Chbtsalidbs (krTs-Sl^-
T-dSz). [L., the gold-colored pupa of butterflies. Or.
Xpvo-oAAic, fr. xpva69 KO^^^O Pups state of butterflies,
etc., from which the perfect insect emerges.
Oliryv-ftll'tlie-miim (krTs-Sn'tht-m&m), n. [L., fr.
Or. xpvo-ay^cfioi' ; xpv<nk -f w^MOv flower.] A genus of
composite plants, mostly perennial.
Ohrys'O-beryl (krTs'i.b«r/Tl), n. [Or. XP»'<«>^^
pvAAo? ; x9^^^ + ^>)pvAAof beryl.] Yellowish mineral
used as a gem.
ieru, mcent, 6rb, r^de, f^ll, ttnk, food, fo'ot, uu;, oil, cliair, bo, ains, ink, then, tfain.
CHRYSOLITE
108
CIRCULARITY
-f AtVaf atooe.] A in'e^nUh miiMrml.
Oknrs'O-pffaM (-prCi), n. [Or. xpvtf^poooc ; XP»^
+ irpoffor leek.] An apple-green Tariety of chalcedony.
OttUb (obttb), n. [CL Sw. kubb thick pieoe of wood.]
A f reah-water fUh of the Carp family ; cheven.
dlllb^ (-h^)t A* I^ke a chub ; ahort and thick.
Okntfk (cbOk), V. f. rimitatire.1 To make the noiae
of a hen calling her chickens ; to cluck. ^ v. /. To call,
as a hen her cmckens. — n. The cluck of a hen.
01lllOk« r. /. [F. choquer to atrike.1 1. To strike
gently. 2. To toes smartly out of the hand ; to pitch.
iCoUogA 3. To hold by means of a chuck, as in turn-
ing ; to bore or turn (a hole) in a revolving piece held in
a chuck.— n. 1. A slight blow under tti chin. 2. A
toes. 3. Holder fixed to a lathe.
01liud[« n. A piece of an animal's backbone between
nerk and collar bone, cut for cooking. ICoUog."]
Olrao^e (-kH), n. A short, suppressed laugh of exul-
tation or deri^on. — r. i. To laugh derislTely.
Ohnm (chttm), n. [Perh. contr. fr. comrade.'] A
roommate, esp. in a college ; an intimate friend.
Ohimk (chiink), n. A short, thick piece of ainrthlng.
-01milk^(^,a. iU.S.I
Ohnroh (chttrch), n. [AS. cvrict; fr. Or. Kvpiac^
the Lord's house, fr. jrvpto« lord.] 1. A building for
Christian worship. 2. An organised body of GhriatUn
believers, of like creed, rites, and ecclesiaatical authority ;
a denomination. 3. The oollective body of Christians.
OhnndllBtB (-man), n. 1. An ecclesiastic or cleigy-
man. 2. AnEDlscopaJian.— OlL1iro]l'lliaB-alllp,f».
Ollliroll'wara'eil (-wi^rd'^n), n. A lay oflloerin charge
of pecuniary affairs of an Episcopal church.
Chlindl^Srtltt' (-yiird'), n. Oround adjoining a church,
In which the dead are buried ; a cemetery.
Syn. — Burial place ; graveyard ; Ood*s acre.
Ohnil (ohQrl), n. [AS. eeort.] 1. A rustic ; laborer.
2. A rough, iU-bred man ; boor. 3. A miser.— Qml'-
lili, a, — Ohinlflali-ly, adv. — Ohinllili-iiaM, n.
Olmni (chQm), n. [AS. eeren.'] Vessel for agitating
milk or cream so as to separate the oily globuMs, and
obtain butter, ^v. t. 1. To agitate (miUc or cream In a
chum) and make butter. 2. To shake violently.
01l1llll1ll|:, n. 1. The act of one who chums. 2.
Quantity ofbutter made at one operation.
Ohntt (shSM), n. [F.] A water trough.
Ohylt (kn>, R. [Or. x^K6t juice, chyle, fr. x^«*>' to
pour. J A milky fluid containing the fatty matter of food,
and conveyed into the blood. — OhylOIUi (kinQn), a.
OhyH-Wtton (kTn-fXk'shiin or kl'lT-). OhyH-tl-
OatlOD, n. [Chyle + L. faeere to make.] Formation
of chyle from food in anlnud bodies.
OhTllie (kirn), n. [L. chffmu4 chyle, Qr.j(yn6t juice,
fr. x«*^0 ^^ P^ilpy mass of semi-digestec
■mall intestines after leaving the stomach.
Ohym'lo (kTmTk), a. Cliemic.
OI-«a'd« (sT-kSM4), n. [L.] Hemipterous insect, the
male of which makes a shrill, gmting sound.
aiCA-trtoe (BTk'A-trTs), n. [F.I A cicatrix.
llGi-oa'tltK (sT-ki'trTks), n. IL.] Pellicle formed
over a wound, subsequently contracting into a scar.
Ok/a-trlM (sTk'A-trlz), V. /. & i. To heal or form a
cicatrix hi (flesh). — dO'a-tri-IAttoll (trT-sa'shnn), n.
II d'oe-ro'lieCchS'cht-rS'nt ; E. nU't-rVni). n. [It,
fr. L. Cicero^ the orator] A guide to local curiosities.
OI'dOT (si'dSr), n. [F. cidre.'\ The expressed juice of
apples, used as a beverage, for making vinegar, etc.
II Ol'-d«-T«nf (sS'dc-vSif'), /I. [F.] Former.
Ot-gir' («T-gar'), n. [Sp. cigarro^ orig., a kind of to-
bacco in Cuba.] A small roll of tobacco, for smoking.
Ol^a-rttte' (sTg'i-retO, n. [F.] a Httle cigar; a
little fine tobaoco rolled in p«per for smoking.
n OUl-A (•TlT-4), n. pi. [L. cUium eyelid.] 1. The
eyelashes. 2. Small vibrating appendages lining certoin
food in the
organs of animals. 3. Hnlrlike ptecessea of plaata. —
OU'te-ry (sIl'yA-fJ or -I-t-rj^ ; 2G), a.
I Qi'mUL (sl'm«ks), n. ; pi. CuncBS (sTmnf-eis). [L.]
A genus of insects, including the bedbug.
abMdW'lDa (sTn-kS'ni), n. [Fr. the wife of Cktnektm^
viceroy of Peru, whom It cured of intermittent fever.]
1. A genus of trees. 2. Bark of this tree, containing
febrifuge alkaloids ; Peruvian bark ; Jesuits* bark.
dnc^tmra (sTnk'tftr: 40), n. [L. cindura, fr. ein-
gere, ciuchtm. to gird.] A belt ; girdle ; fillet.
OlB'dOT (sTn'dSr), n. [AS. sinder shig, droas.] 1.
Partly burned coal or other combustible. 2. An ember.
3. Scale thrown off in forging metal. 4. Blsg of a fur-
nace, or scoriaceous lava from a volcana — Obt'dW-y* a.
OlB'ar-A-ffy (-8r-t-iy), a. [L. eineroHuSt fr. cinU
ashes.] Pertaining to, or containing, ashes. [asbea. |
CHlfcr-AtlOII (-i'shfin), n. The burning aojrthing to I
(Bn^ar-itlOlll (-Tsh'tts), a. [L. emeHHuMt fr. einu.}
Likeaahes; having the color of aahes.
Otaflia-tar (-ni-bl&r), n. [Or. xuv^/kipi.] Red nil>
phide of mercury, used in medicine and as a pigment.
(Bll'lia-IIIOII (-mlin), M. {Tleb.qinnSm9n.i (o) Inner
bark of the shoots of a tree of Cfeylon. one of the best
cordial, carminative, and restorative spices, (ft) Cassia.
OtiMVM (sTnk), n. [F., fr. L. quinqw five.] Five.
CtBOIMlOir (-foiF), n. iCingue -f /ot7, V.femUe leaf.]
1. Plant whose leaves resemble the fingers of the hand. 2 ■
An architectural ornamental foliation having five cusps.
OI'MI (dlln), n. [OF.J Scion.
Gi'plMr (-iSr), n. [OF. eifre sero. LL. eifra, fr. Ar.
fijrun empU, cipher, sero.] 1. A oiaracter [Oj which,
standing bv Itself, expresses nothhag, but when Maoed at
the right hand of a whole number, increases its value
tded by a dugle curve line ^..^^
nmre, every part of which Z' \l
i from a point within it, ( 1
2. The line boundinjT such V J
ference; ring. 3. An as- ^*'— -^
tenfold. 2. One having no weight or Infinenoe. 3. A
combination of letters, as the ini^ds of a
name;
represents t
vste 1
characters. •
practice a
V. t. 1. To write in occult characters. Cipher.
2. To ascertain by ciphering.
Cb^Oto (sSrOLM), n. [OE. & F. eercle, fr. L. eircvlut,
dim. of circvtf Or. leptcoc, lecpMK, circle, ring.] 1. A
plaiM figure, bounded by a single curve line
called its circvm/erence^ ' " '
is equally distant
called the center. \
a figure ; circumference ;
tronomical instrument whose graduated Uu b circle,
consists of a circle. 4. Compass; circuit;
inclosure. 6. A class of societv ; coterie ; set. 6. A
series ending where it begins, and repeating Itadf.
Syn.— Ring; circlet; compass; circuit; Inclosure.
—v./. 1. To move around. 2. To surround; to encir-
cle. — r. i. To move circularly ; to circulate.
Olr'otot (-kl8t), n. 1. A littie circle ; that which en-
circles, as a ring, bracelet, etc. 2. A round body : orb.
Otr'cillt (-kTt), n. [F., fr. L. cireuihu; eireum
around -f- tfre to go.] 1. A revolving around, or as in a
circle or orbit ; a revolution. 2. Circumference of any
space. 3. Space inclosed within a circle, or within llmita.
4. A regular journeying from place to place, as of a judge,
or a preacher. 6. Territorial district of a judge or an
itinerant preacher.
Otr-eiil-toiui (-kuT-t&K), a. Qcing round In a cii^
cuit; roundabout; indirect. —0ir-01ll-tinis4y,<Mfv.
Syn. — Tortuous; winding; sinuous; serpenttne.
Cttr'Cll-lar (sSr^cft-lSr), a. 1. In the form of a circle ;
round. 2. Repeatingitself; reverting to the point of be-
ginning ; illogical ; inconclusive. 3. Addreaseo to ^ circle
of persons having a common intere»t.^n. A circular
letter addresned to various persons. — Otr'on-lar-ly, etdv.
— dron-lar^-ty (-wm-ty). n.
ft, 8, 1, o, a, tong ; ft, fi, 1, 5, a, t, short ; senftte, dvtnt, tdea, 6bey, finite, cftre, ttrm, ftak, §11, finoL
CIRCULATE
109
CITRIC
Ota^OB-lato (•Sr0c9-lit), v.LAt. [L. eirenlare^ 4atum,
V. t., to iMUTOund, ukJkkB ronndf eireularif v. L, to gather
into a circle.] X. To tuove iu m circle ; to more round
and retom to the same point. 2. To pMS from place to
plaoe, from pera<m to peraon, or from hand to hand ; to
87n.— To spread; diffuse; propagate; disseminate.
Oiroil-U'tlon, n. 1. A moving in a circle. 2. A
psflsiug from place to place or person to person ; trana-
miuion. 3. Currency; circulating coin; notes, bills,
etc, current for coin. 4. Extent to which anything
drculates. 5. Movement of the blood in the blood-
Tascular system, or of sap in the tissues of plants.
Olj/on-U'tor (•IS'tSr), n. [L.] One tliat circuUtes.
Olr'Cll-la-tO-rT (-U^ii-xt), a. 1. Circular. 2. Gir-
col Uing, or going round.
OlroiUB-aiBln-tllt (B8r^am-imn>T-ent), a. [Pref.
cireum- -f- ambientJ] Surrounding ; being on all sides.
OifOVm-Ull'bll-lAte (-bfi-lat), v. i. [L. eireumambu-
iaret -lotting to walk around; eireum -{- ambuUtre to
walk.] To walk round. — Olr'oillll-aill'bll-la'tlOll, n.
OkrOQMrOlM9 (-us), V. t, [L. eUrcumeidere^ -cisttm ;
eireum -f- caedere to cut.] 1. To cut off the foreskin
of. 2. To chasten.
Otr^eom-Ol'llfNi (-sTs Vttn), n. 1. A circumcising. 2.
(a) The Jews. (6) Spiritu:il purification.
dr-cnaftU-VkO^ (-kBmf8r-ens), ». [L. eireuw^feren-
tia; eireum -\-ferre to bear.] 1. Line encompassing a
circular figure. 2. External surface of a sphere or
orMcuUr body. — 01r-01llll'f«r-«llti«l (-Sti'shal), a.
Otr-oaoi'ltr-WI'Mr (-Cn'tSr), n. A surveying instru-
ment, for taking horixontal angles and bearings.
Otr^cmil-ftas (-dSlu), n. [L cireumflexu* a bending
round, fr. cireumflertere^ -flexum^ to turn about ; eireum
-f- jUiAere to bend.] 1. A wave of the voice embracing
b<rth a rise and fall on the same syllable. 2. An accent
\^ or*] denoting in Greek a rise and fall of the voice on
the same long syllable ; in Latin denoting a long and con-
te*acted BylliS>le, marked T oc '^^ — ^' '• "^o mark or
pronounce with a circumflex. — a. Curved circularly.
Otr-eumllll-est (-flt-«nt), ) a. TL. eireum/tuensy p. pr.
Cttr-eum^ll-OllS (-B^), I of eircumfiuere ; eircitm
-{-fiuere to flow ; also L. eircumfluus.l Flowing round.
m'Olllll-fllM' (aSr'kam-fui'), v. /. [h, eircumfun-
dere, -fusum, to pour around ; eireum -\- fundert to
ponr.l To pour round. — Oir^oani-fa'flOll, n.
ObMnun-la'Otllt (-jS's«nt), a. [L. eireumiaeenty p. pr.
of eireumjaeere ; eireum -i-jacSre to lie.] Lying round.
Otr'OUII-lO-Oll'tloa (-Id-ku'sh&u), n. [L. eircumlo-
eutiOt fr. eireumioquiy 4oeulus; eireum -\- loqui to
speak. 1 Use of many words to express an idea that
might 09 expressed by few ; roundabout language ; peri-
phr%ae. — Olr'OIUII-loya-tO-rT (-lOk'A-tt-rj^), a.
OtMram naT^-f a e (-nlv^-gSt), r. /. [L. eireum-
naviffare, -gatum; eireum 4- navigare to navisate.] To
•%il completely round. — Otr'Olllll-naTfl-ga-Dle, n. —
CUroinii-BaT'i-ga'tfoB, n. — Cttrooai-iiaT^-ga'tor, n.
Otrovm-polar (-pS12r), a. [Pref. eireum- + polar.}
About, or near, the pole.
(BfOOm-po-li'tiOll (-p<(-zTsh'Qn), n. ^L. eireum -f po-
nere, pogitum^ to place J A placing, or being, round about.
Oir'OllBI-ro'tate (-rij'tit), v.t.&t [L. cireumroUire ;
eireum -(- rotnre to turn.] To rotate about. — Olr^Olllll-
nKta-ry, -ro^a-to-ir, a, — Otaronm-io-ta'tloii, n.
Otaroom-BGrilld' (-skrlV), v. t. [L. eireumtcHhere,
-seriptum ; eireum -f seribere to write.] 1. To inclose ;
to hem in; to restrain. 2. "^o draw a line around (a
figure) so as to touch at certain points without cutting.
Sjn,— To bound : limit ; restrict ; conflne ; abridge ;
restrain ; environ ; encircle ; inclose ; encompass.
OiroOfli-BOllptlOB (•skrTp'sh&n), n. 1. Exterior line
of a body ; periphery. 2. A limiting, or being limited.
Cttl'ttUJB-ipMt (-spSkt), a. [L. eircumspicere, -tpee-
tumt to observe ; eireum -f- tpieere^ tpecere^ to look.]
Attentive to all the circnmatanoes of a case or probi
ctmaequenoes of an action. — Otf^OOai-spOOt-iy (sSr'-
kfim-sp6kt-iy), arfr. — Ctr'inUBrSpMt-IIMa, n,
Syn. — See CAimous.
(nroillll-^M'tlOB (-spSk'sh&n), n. Attention.
Byn. — Caution ; prudence; watchfulness; delibera-
tion ; thoughtf ulnees ; wariness ; forecast.
Cttr^omn-BptO^Tt, a. Looking around ; watchful.
Otr'Olim-BtailOO (-stins), n. [L. eireumstaniiay fr.
ct'rcuifutoiM, -on/if, p. pr. of eireum*tare ; eireum -{- ttare
to stand.] 1. That which attends, or affects, a fact. 2.
An event ; particular hMsident. 3. pi. Condition in re-
gard to property ; surroundings, ^v. t. To situate.
Syn. — Event ; occurrence ; incident ; situation ; con-
dition : position ; fact : detail ; item. See EvBirr.
Otronin-Btail'tlal (-st&u'shal), a. l. Consisthig In,
or pertaining to, circumstances or particular incidents.
2. Incidental. 3. Abounding with circumstances ; par-
ticular.—n. Something incidental, but of minor im-
portance ~ Oir'oiiiii-staiB'tlal-ly, adv.
Srn. — See Munrra.
C&r'Olllll-Stanti-ato (-sliT-£t), v. t. l. To circum-
stance. 2. To prove by circumstances ; to detail.
Oir^omn-TallatB (-viinst), r. /. [L. eireumvallare,
-latum ; eireuih -f vaUare to wall, fr. vallum rampart.]
To surround with a wall. — Otr'Olllll-Tal-latioll, n.
Cttr^omn-TOllf (- v8nt') , v. t. [L. eireumvenire^ -ventus^
to deceive ; eireum 4- venire to come.] To gain advan-
tage over by arts or deception. — Olr'oillll-TeiltlOll, n.
Cttr'OIUII-TO-lll'tloa (-vft-lu'shfin), n. 1. A rolling
round ; a being rolled. 2. Thing irolled round another.
OttaamrWWrt^ (-v51%0. v.t.dti. [L. eircumvolverey
'Volutum ; eireum -|- rolrere to roll.] To roll round.
Otr'CIIB (sSrntfia), ». [L , circle, ring, circus.] X*
Among the ancient Romans, a level oblong space for
chariot races, games, and public shows. 2. A circular
incloeure for exhibiting feats of horsemanship, acrobatic
dispUjrs, etc. Also, the company of performers.
II Oirrt-pa'ai-a (sYr/rl-pCdl-A), n. jtl. [NL., fr. L.
eirrut a curl -f pety pedis j foot.] An order of Crustacea,
including barnacles, which throw out from their shells
curved legs, looking like delicate curls.
II Olr'niB (sTr'rtts), n. ; pi. Cibki (-ri). [L., curl, ring-
let.] [Also written eirrkus.'] 1. A tendril, clasper, or
tactile appendage. 2. A form of cloud.
OiS4d?pilM (sTs-ll'pTn or -pin), a. [L. Cualpinw;
ei» on this side -f Alpinut Alpine.] On the hither
(Roman), or south, side of the Alps.
Cirat-laiimo(-Kt-lKnaTk),a. l^nt.ei4--\- AtlanHe.}
On this (the speaker's) side of the Atlantic Ocean.
OlB-ttr'Olail (sTs-tSr'shan), n. [LL. Cistercium, F.
CUeauXy a convent near Dijon, in France.] A monk of
a branch of the Benedictine Order.— a. Pertaining to
the Cistercians. [reservoir or tank. I
OlS^tflm (-tSrn), n. [L. cistemny fr. ciUn box.] Aj
Ott'a-d«l (^Tt'i-del), n. [It. eiUadellay dim. of eUth
city, f r. L. ciHtnt. See Cmr.] Fortress in or near a city.
8yn. — See Fobtrbbs.
Gtt-talion (st-tS'shiin), n. [F. ; LL. cUatiOy tt. L.
citare to cite.] 1. A citing; summons to appear. 2.
Quotation; words quoted. 3. Enumeration; menUon.
OKU-tO-ry (ai'tA-tt-rj^), a. Citing.
OitS (sit), V. t. [L. ciiarey intens. of eire to excite.]
1. To summon officially or authoritatively. 2. To quote ;
to repeat (a passage from a book, or the words of another).
3. To specify, for support, proof, illustration, etc. 4.
To notify of a proceeding in court. — Oifer ('"i'tJr), n.
Srn* — To mention ; refer to ; summon. Sise Quotb.
(Atll'ani (sTth^m), n. A cittern.
Oitl-Mn (sTtT-x'n), n. 1. A freeman of a city. 2.
An inhabitant of a city ; townsman. 3. One, native oi
naturalized, owing allegiance to a government, and en-
titled to protfW!tion from it. — Oitl-SMI-Bllte, n.
Git'rato (nTt'rtt), n. A salt of citric acid.
Otttlo (-rTk), a. Pertaining to the citron or lemon.
fira, reont, 6rb| ryda, fyll, ttra, ftfbd, f(n>t, oat, oU, chair, so, sins, igk, then, UUii*
CITRINE
Oif)rtB« (sTt'rTn), a. Like « citron or lemon ; of a
lemon color. — n. A yellow, pellucid rariety of quarts.
Oit'ron (-riiu), n. [F. ; L. citrH* citron tree, fr. Or.
KiTpotf citron. ] 1. A fruit resembling a lemon, but larger,
and pleasantly aromatic. 2. A citron tree. 3. A citron
melon, a small variety of muskmelon, also of watermelon.
Ottteni (-t8ru), n. [A8. cytere^ fr. L. cithara^ Or.
KiOipa.] A musical instrument shaped like a lute, but
strung witti wire and played with a quill or plectrum.
OUT ("ttT^), n. [OE. cUe, F. cUi, fr. L. eivitas citi-
senship, state, city, fr. civi* citizen.] 1. A large town.
2. A corporate town. —a. Pertaining to a city.
Syn. — See Villaob.
(ttT'Ot («Tv'«t), n. [F. eiveUe civet, civet cat, fr. LOr.
^orc'rioy, fr. Ar. subad civet.] 1. A substance taken
from glands of the civet, of a muskv odor. 2. A carniv-
orous animal of northern Africa and Asia.
QiY^ (-Tk), a. [L. civiciUt It. dm*. See Cmr.]
Relating to a city, a citizen, or civil affairs.
OtF^(-Tl), a. [L. ciiMix, fr. civis.l 1. Pertaining to
a city or state, or to a citizen. 2. Subject to govern-
ment ; civilized ; not barbarous. 3. Having polite man-
ners; courteous; complaisant; affable. 4. Pertaining
to civic affairs, in distinction from military, ecclesiaa-
tical, or otBcial state. 6. Relating to rights sought by
suit distinct from criminal proceedings.
01-vU'lAB («T-vTl'yon), n. 1. One skiUed in civil law.
2. One following civic pursuits, not military or clerical.
W-vU'l-ty (-I-ty), n. IL. civUitas.} Courtesy; good
breeding ; a polite act or expression.
Syn. —Urbanity ; affability ; complaisance.
OlTl-llsO (si va-Uz}, t?. t. [Cf. F. civiliser, it. L.
eivilis civil.] To reclaim from a savage state; to edu-
cate : to refine. —Otvl-ll'Mr, n. ~OiV^l-ll-IA'tieil, n.
OlT^-ly (-ll-lj^), adv. In a civil manner ; as regards
civil rights and privileges ; politely ; courteously.
OUbOMT (klin/bSr), n. [See BoHNTCLABBBa.] Milk
curdled till thick, — r. i. To become clabber.
Glaok (klSk), v. i. [Prob. imitative.] 1. To make a
sudden, sharp noise, or a succession of noises ; to rattle ;
to click. 2. To utter words rapidly and continually. —
n. 1. A sharp, abrupt noise. 2. Anything that causes
a clacking noise. 3. Continual talk ; prattle.
Olaok'er (-3r), n. One that clacks : clapper of a mill.
dad (klSd), imp. & p. p. of Clothb.
OUdm (klam), v. t. [L. damare to cry out ; colore
to procUUm, Or. koXuv to call.] To ask for by author-
ity or right; to demand as due.— r. i. To be entitled
to anything. — n. 1. A demand of right ; assertion of
ariffht or fact. 2. Right to demand something; title.
3. Thing demanded ; that to which one has a right. —
OUlm'a-U*, a. — Olalm'Ant, Olalin'or, n.
OUUr-TOy'anoe (klftr-voi'ans), n. [F., fr. dair clear
-|- voyanty p. pr. of voir to see.] Discernment, while in
a mesmeric state, of objects not perceptible by the nor-
mal senses. — OUlr-TOy'AIlt, a. & n.
01am (kISm), n. [Cf. Clam, v. /.] 1. A bivalve mol-
lusk of many kinds. 2. pt. A kind of vise or forceps.
Olaoi, t'. /. [Cf. AS. clxman to clam, smear; akin
to E. clammi/.2 To clog, as with glutinous matter.
Olam, n. [ Abbr. f r. clamor.'] Clangor made by ring-
ing all bells of a chime at once. ^ r. t. Ai. To clang.
Ola'mailt (kll'mant), a. [L. cUtmnnsy p. pr. of da-
mare to call.] Crying earnestly or clamorously.
OlamlMr (klSm'ber), v. i. [OE. dambrrn, dameren.']
To climb with difficulty, or with hands and feet.
Olam'my (-my), «. [Cf. as. dam clay.] Viscous;
soft and sticky ; adheHive. — Olam'mi-ness, n.
Olan'or (-Sr), n. [L. damor^ fr. dnmare to cry out.]
1. A great outcry ; loud and continued exclamation. 2.
A continued expression of diitcontent. — v. t. & i. To
demand loudly and importunately. — Olam'or-ons, a. —
Olam'or-au-ly, adv. — Olam'or-ons-neas, n.
Syn. — Outcry; exclamation; noise; uproar.
110 CLASSIC
aiaa» (klimp), n. [LO. & D. Uamp; D. UamjMn
to clasp. J 1. Something rigid used to hold pieces together,
or to strengthen. 2. A thick plank in a ship's side, to
sustain the ends of beams. — v. /. To unite firmly.
COamy,!!. [Prob. imitative. Cf. Clane.] A heavy
footstep ; a tramp. » r. t. To tread clumsily ; to tdampi.
OUb (kiln), n. [OaeL dann offspring, dmcendanta.]
1. A tribe under a cliieftain, having the same common
ancestor and surname. 2. A clique ; a sect, society, or
body of persons united by some common interest.
Olail-dMtllM (-d&'tlu), a. [L. dandestiHUSy fr. dam
secretlvv] Conducted with secrecy. — OlaB-dOStlllt-ly,
adv. •
Sjn. — Hidden ; secret; private; concealed; under-
hand ; sly ; stealthy ; surreptitious ; furtive ; fraudulent.
daag (klSug), V. I. [L. dattgeie ] To strike togetlier
so as to produce a rin^g metallic sound. — r. i. To re-
sound, ^n. Loud, nngmg sound of colliding metal.
OlMBfmat (klfts'gSr), n. [L., fr. dangere.'} A sharp,
handi, nnging sound. — OUB'KOr-ailS, a.
dank (klink), n. [Imitative. Cf. Claho.] A sharp,
ringing sound*, made by collision of sonorous bodies. ^
V. t. &i. To sound with a clank.
dan'nl^ (klSn'nTsh). a. Pertaining to a clan ; ex-
clusively devoted to one's clan or clique; actuated by
prejudices, habits, etc., of a clan. — Olail'lllBll-ly, adv.
— danlilali-nesa, n. — dan'shlp, n. — daiia'iiiaii, a.
dap (klftp), V. t. [AS. dappan. ] 1. To slap ; to strika
together noisily. 2. To thrust, put, or close hastilv. 3.
To applaud. ^r. i. 1. To strike the hands together in
applause. 2. To come togetlier noisily, ^n. 1. Loud
collision; bang. 2. Sudden explosion. 3. A stroke;
blow. 4. A striking of hands in approbation.
daplNMUrA (kUn/b(^rd), fi. A narrow board, thicker
at one edge than at the other, for weatlierboarding houses.
— V, t. To cover (a house) with clapboards. {U. S.'y
dap'pw, n. 1. One who claps. 2. That which strikea
or claps, as the tongue of a bell, piece of wood that
strikes a mill hopper, etc.
dap'per-<d«w(-kJR),f./. iClap -{- daw.] 1. To fight
and scratch. 2. To levile ; to scold; Cl>ug'|
dap'trap'(-trXp'), n. a trick to gain applause; hum-|
dare'-OD-BOUre' (klftr'Ob-skur'), n. [L. darH» clear
•4- obscurtis obscure.] Chiaroscuro. [wine. |
dar'Ot (klSr'St), n. [OE. & OF.] A French red]
dar'i-ty (-f-fi), «•• '• & «• [L. darijlcare; darut -\-
/ocere to make.] To clear ; to purify ; to brighten; to
defecate. —dar'i-fi'er, n. — dar4-U-oatlon, n.
darl-net' (-T-nfif), n. [F. daHneUe, it. L. darus.]
Musical reed instrument.
darl-<m (-Qu), n. [OF., fr. L. ctortw.] A trumpet,
having a clear and shrill note.
darl-o-net' (klSr/T-6-n«tO, n. Bee CLABmcr.
da'ro-Olhaoil'ro (kl&'rft-ob-skS&'rft), n. Chiaroscuro.
Olaall (kl&sh), V. i. & t. [Imitative.] 1. To strike
noisily; to interfere (with).— n. 1. Noisy collision. 2.
Opposition; contradiction.
Olasp (kl&^p), V. t. [Prob. akin to E. dap.] 1. To
shut with a clasp. 2. To grasp. 3. To surround and
cling to.— n. 1. A catch or hook. 2. Close embrace,
grasp, or graspinfr. — dasp'OT. n.
Olasp knife, a knife wlioae blade folds into the handle.
Olass (kl4s). n. [L. dasii* class, collection, fleetj 1.
A group of individuals ranked together as similar. 2. A
number of students pursuing like studies. 3. A compre-
hensive division of similar animate or inanimate objects,
Rubdivided into orders, families, tribes, genera, etc. 4.
Set ; species ; variety. — r. ^ & t. To group ; to classify.
Olaa'alo (kl&/stk), a. [L. dnssieu* relating to the
classes of the Roman people, esp. to the first class ; supe-
rior ; fr. daxsi*.'] 1. Relating to the first class or rank,
esp. in literature or art. 2. Pert, to the ancient Greeks
and Romans, or their literature. 3. Ch&stn ; refined, -^n.
1. A work of authority, or its author. 2. One learned
», 9, 1, 5, a, long ; &, d, T, 0, 0, % short ; senftte, «vsnt, tdea, Obey, finite, cAre, ftrm, ask, f^, finoL
CLASSICAL
111
CLICK
in the literature of Greece «nd Rome. — GUs'glo-al
(klSa'iiT-kal), a. ~ OUs'slo-al-ly, adv.
aUu^wiif (-fy), V. t. [L. clas^ + -yy.] To dbtrib-
nte into claaMe ; to mrrange. — GUui'al-ll-oa'tloll, n.
OkBMfmkt^ (-mSt/), n. One in the name claaa.
COAtlar (kUU't8r), V. t. [AS. clatntng rattle.] 1. To
make abrupt, rattling sounds. 2. To talk fast and noisily.
— n. 1. Rattling noise. 2. DistorkMuice. 3. Babble.
GUlIM (klftz), n. [F. ; LL. dauaa^ it, L. elaudere to
close.] 1. A separate portion of a written paper, para>
graph, sentence, or document. 2. A subdinsion of a
aentenoe containing a subject and its predicate.
COAWtral (klus'tral), a. [F., fr. LL. elauHralU, tr.
L. daustrum. Bee Cloistbh.1 Cloistral.
OkBTwaf (klS'vtt), ) a. [L. data club.] Club-
COA'TA-tad (-Tt-iXd), ) shaped.
COAT'i-tile (klSvlk'l), n. [F. elavieule, fr. L.
davieula a little Icey. tendril, dim. of clavii key.]
Collar bone. — OU-TlO^-lar (kl&.vTk'ft-l8r), a.
COAM-er (kla'vT-«r ; F. klA'vyf). n. [F., fr. L.
dapis.} Kevboard of an organ, frfano, eto.
OlAW (kl|^), n. [AS. clawu^ cled.'] 1. A sharp,
booked nail, as of a beast or bird. 2. Foot of an CIsvate
anunal having hooked nails ; pinchers of a lobster, "^P^-
crab, eto. ^v. t. & i. To pull, tear, or scratoh with claws.
COAT (kla), n. [AS. clUg.'^ 1. A soft, plastic earth
formed by the wearing down of rocks containing alumi-
nous minerals. 2. Earth in general ; the human body.
^ r. /. 1. To cover or manure with clay. 2. To clarify
(aonr) by filtering through clay. — OUy'oy (kla'j^), a.
mKf*manf (-mSr'), n. [Oael. elnidheamAmor.} A
Boottish Highla^er's large two-handed sword.
OlMUl (kl8n), a. [AS. elBne.'] 1. Free from dirt or
anything useless or injurious ; complete ; entire. 2. Sin-
less ; pure ; health;^ . 3. Well-proportioned ; shapely. ^
adv. without limitation or remamder ; quite ; wholly ;
entirely. —V. t. To purify ; to cleanse. — GleABly« adv.
OlMllly (kWnljf), a. Habituall;
— Om '
_ , ' : S. elXtuian:^
to clean. — OleBlUI'W, n. — datlirA-
oent.
reABli-ly, adv. -
(klSns), V. t.
abituallv clean ; pure ; inno-
CnOABdl-IIMA, n.
[AS. e^Shuian.^ To render
jf, n. — 0l6AIUr A-IiIa, a.
r (kl»r), a, [OE. & OF. eler^ fr. L. daru* clear.]
1. Free from opaqueness ; transparent ; bright. 2. Free
from ambiguity or indistinctoess; lucid; plain. 3. Able
to perceive clearly ; keen ; acute. 4. Basilv heard ; audi-
Ue. 6. Without mixture ; pure. 6. Without defect,
Kuilt, or stain. 7. Without diminution ; in full ; net. 8.
Free from impediment or obstruction.
Syn. — Pure ; transparent ; obvious. See Hakifbst.
— n. Full extent; distance between extreme limite.—
adv. 1. In a clear manner ; plainly. 2. Without limi-
tation; wholly; quite. — r.^ 1. To brighten. 2. To
free from impurities or ambiguity ; to relieve of perplex-
ity, incumbrance, defilement, eto. 3. To vindicate or ac-
quit. 4. To pass by, or over, without touching. 6. To
gain without deduction ; to net. — v. i. 1. To become
free from clouds or fog. 2. To exchange checks and
bills, and settle balances. 3. To obtain a clearance.
(nMa^ABOe(-ans),n. 1. A clearing. 2. A certificate
that a ship has been cleared at the customhouse ; per-
mission to sail. 3. Clear or net profit. 4. Tlie distance
by which one object clears another.
QlMf'Ing, n. 1. A making clear. 2. A tract of land
cleared of wood. 3. A method by which banks and
bankers settle differences of accounts.
Oltarty* adv. In a clear manner.
GtAAT'llMA, n. The quality or state of being clear.
Syn. — CuuBNiBS ; PiRSPictnTT. — Clenme** refers to
ideas and conception of things under consideration. Prr-
fjdeuUy refers to expression of ideas, and belongs to style.
atMO^-llgllt'ad (-»it'8d), a. Seeing with clearness ;
discerning. - OlflAr'-Atcllt'ad-IMM, n.
Olaai'Stanfll' (-stUrchO, «• '• To stiffen (linen, eto.)
with starch, and make clear by clapping with the hands.
One form of Iron Cleat
OleAt (klSt), n. [OE. dde, MHO. klUt wedge.] 1.
A strip fastened transversely to something to strengthen
it, hold it in poeition, eto. 2. .
A device having two arms, '
around which a rope may be
wound so as to hold securely
and VFt b^ rnn<?{lv Trl.'>n':M, —
V. r ^f.i urtniKtliH'H wilh .s .. I tt.
GleaT'agfl iklr^^'rnjs it. 1. A cleaving or splitting.
2. HivtAhoTi \\ito Uiniiiits like slate.
GleaTft (kicv), r. i, [imp. Clbaysd (klSvd), Glava
fkliiv, (ih*A i p. p. CLfiAVKjj ; p.pr.St rb. n. Clbayino.]
[A^. tletfj/i*jtt, ^i^iittn.l To adhere closely; to cling.
OleATe. t\ L liwtp Vlmtt (kl«ft), Clays (kttv, Oft*.),
Clow {hE^v, Ohifiif^.) l p. p. Clbft, Clbavbo (kl6vd)
or t'tji>VK2f (IslS'^'nK p. pr. & rb. n. Clbaviho.] [AS.
di . [so j» . ] 1 . To d t v id*s by force ; to split. 2. To part or
op' ti nAtiimllv ; to diHJ#. — v. i. To open ; to crack.
CTLeav'ttr (kliv^r), f). One that cleaves; butoher's
InHtruiki^-ikt (br cnttiiiti auloLal bodies into joints.
Clef {ttlJ?r), n. fP., knj% key in music, fr. L. davit
key.] A character in musical nototion showing the po-
sition and pitoh of the scale as represented on the staff.
Oleft (klSft), imp. & p. p. oi Clkatb, to split. ^ a.
Divided; nartlv split. ^n. 1. Opening made by split-
ting ; crack. 2. A disease in horses ; a crack on the bend
of the pastern.
Syn. — Crack ; crevioe ; fissure ; chink : cranny.
dtOI'A-tiA (klSm'A-tTs), n. [NL., fr. Or. icAitfAartc
brushwood, also clematis, fr. KXruML twig.] A genus of
flowering plants, mostly climberft, having feathery styles.
Oltai'Ml-oy (-^n-*^), n. [L. dementia^ fr. demen*^
•en/i«, mild, calm. 1 1. Dispoaition to forgive and spare ;
gentleness. 2. Mildness of the elemento.
Syn. — Mildness ; tenderness; indulgence; lenity;
mercy; gentleness: compassion; kindness.
Olem'mit, a. Mild ; compassionate.
OlmiOll (klSnch), n. & v. i. Clinch.
01«r'gy (klgr'jj^), n. [OE. A F. dergie, fr. dere
clerk, fr. L. derictu priest! The bodv of ecclesiastics
or ministers of the gospel, distinguished from the laity.
Oler'cy-lllAll (-man), n. An ordained minister.
Olerio(kiernrk), n. [as., fr. L. deriau.'\ Clergyman.
01erl0-Al (-T-ka1), a. 1. Pertaining to the clergy.
2. Relating to a clerk or copyist, or to writing.
Olerlr (klSrk ; in Eng. kUrk), n. [OF. derc, or AS.
dere, cUHc, clerk, priest, fr. L. derieut.'] 1. One who
could read ; scholar ; clergyman. [Oftr.] 2. An English
parish officer. 3. Otie employed to keep accounts. 4.
Assistent hi a shop. [U. S."]— Olerk'Alllp, n.
dtrkly, a. Pertaining to a clerk ; scholarly.
OlAT'er (klSv^r), a. 1. Possessing quick intellect or
adroitoess; expert. 2. Showing skill in the doer. 3.
Handsome. 4. Oood-natured ; obliging. [27. S.} —
Olev'or-ly, a(fr.— Olef'or-nMA, n.
Syn. — S<^ Smaat.
Olev^ (-Ts), n. [Cf. Clkavs to adhere.] A U-shaped
draft-iron on the end of the tongue of a plow, wagon, ete.;
— called also davd, devy.
Olew (klu), OlllO, n.
[AS. deoxcen. elywe, ball
of thread.] 1. A ball of
thread ; the thread itself.
2. That which guides one
in anything doubtful or in-
tricate ; a hint in the solu-
tion of a mystery. 3. (a)
A lower or after comer of Iron Clrw». to b« faKtpncd tn the
asail. (fe)Aloopandthira. S'JJj^J.'iJi"'- ^"••'*^'*'"
bles at the comer of a sail. ^^*
(c) A combination of lines suspending a hammock. — t*. /.
To truRs up (a sail) to the yaitl.
Click (kITk), V. i. &. t. [Onomat] To sound with a
click; to tick. — n. A slight sharp noise.
ffim, recent, 6rb, r||de, f^^ <km, food, fo~ot, vu., oil, chair, ^o, sins, i||k, tben, tlUn.
CLICK
112
CLOUD
t(UTk),fi. iO¥. clique }aUih,'\ A detent, pawl,
or rachet, to prevent beckward motion of m wheeL
01i'«llt (UFmt), n. [L. cliens, -eHtU.} 1. One under
the protection of m petron. 2. One who submita hie cauee
to the management of a legal adviaer.
Clift (UTf), n. [A8.c/f/.l Apredpiee.— OUfrr, a.
01i-mai/t«r-lo (klt-mik'ter-Tk), a. [Or. KAifMumipc-
le^ffr.xAt^i^ ladder.] CriticaL— n. A period in human
life in which great chiuige takes place in the constitution.
Onad, or Onat, eUmaelertei the 6Sd year of human life.
Cnilnato (kli'uitt), n. [Or. icAtf&a, -«Tot, slope, tone
of the earth, fr. xAtrcir to slope.] Condition of a |riace
as to temperature, moisture, ete. — OU-matlO (klt-mlf -
Tk), OU-auflo-al, a.
OU'ma-Ml'O-CT (klW m& • tS ' « • jy ), n. IClimaie +
4ooy.] Science of climates, their phenomena, and caoaes.
OunBAS (-ralks), n. [L.,fr. Or. kA^mi^ ladder.] 1.
Upward gradation ; ascent. 2. Highest point
aUmbTkUm), V. i. [AS. dimban.) 1. To ascend hOio-
riously, esp. by use of the hands and feet. 2. To creep
upward, as a plant, by twining or attaching itself by ten-
drils, rootlete, ete., te a support or upright surface.—
V. t. To ascend; te mount ^n. A climbing; ascent
— aumya-ble, a. — Ollmb'er, n.
OUbm (kl!m), n. [L. elitnaA A climate or region.
Cninoh (klTnch ; 02), r. /. [oS. cUnchen^ prop, caus-
ative of dink te strike.] 1. To hold fast by grasping
tightly. 2. To set closely together. 3. To bend over
the point of (somethiiw driven through an object), so that
it will hold fast. 4. To make conclusive. — n. A hold-
ing fast ; grip. — OUllollfer, n.
Cninc (kltng), V. i. [imp. &p. p. CLUiia (klOng),
CLOMoTklBnff, Ob*.) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Clihoino.] [AS.
dinaan te adhere.] To adhere closely ; te hold last
OUll'lO (klTnTk), n. [See Curical.] 1. One confined
to bed by sickness. 2. A class taught medicine or sur-
gery by treatment of patiente in presence of the pupHs.
(nilllC-Al, OUnto, a. [Or. xAtyucdc, fr. <cAtin| bed.]
1. Pertaining te a bed, esp. a sick bed. 2. Perteiningto
a clinic, or te study of disease in the living subject
II Cni-BlaM' (klt-n^O* *>• [F] Aclinic
CniBk (klTQk), r.t.Sti. [OB. dinken; prob. imite-
tive.] To make a slight, sharp, tinkling sound, ^n.
Sound of sonorous bodies struck tog«*thpr.
OllBk'ar, n. [Fr. dink; cf. D. kiinker a brick hard
enough to ring; fr. kiinken to clink.] 1. A mass of
aevenl bricks run together by fire in the kiln. 2. Scoria
or ritrified matter from a volcano; slag. 3. A scale
formed in forging. 4. A kind of brick.
Cnip (klTp), V. /. [AS. dynpan te embrace, clasp.]
To cut off ; te curtail. — r. i. To move swiftly. — n. 1.
A cutting. 2. Product of a shearing of sheep ; crop of
wool. 2. Cl'uip for letters, etc. 4. Blow with the hand.
Cniy'Mr (klTp'i^r), n. 1. One that clips; one who
clips edgAs of coins. 2. A fast-sailing vessel.
OUp'nIllv, n. 1. A cutting off, esp. the clippfaag
edges n? ccliiM. 2. Matter clipped off something.
II OUqiM (klSk), n. [F.] A narrow circle of persons
associated for a common purpose*, ^r. i. Td combine.
Oloak (klSk), n. [OF. doque cloak (fr. the shape),
bell.] 1. A loose outer garment. 2. A disguise or ex-
cuse. ^ r. /. To cover with a cloak ; te conceal.
8yn. — See Palliati.
deck (kl8k), n. [AS. ducge bell.] 1. Machine te
measure time. 2. Fiffured work on the uikle of a stecking.
OlOOk'WOlk' (-wQrkOf n. Machinery of a clock, or
machinery which produces regular movement:
dad (klSd), fi. [A form of dot.'\ 1. A lump or mass,
esp. of turf or clny. 2. A gross, stupid fellow; dolt 3.
A part of the shoulder of a beef. — v. <i To coagulate ;
to Hot —V. t. To pelt with cloda. —Olad'dy, n.
dodliop/Mr (-hSp'pSr), COod'pftto' (-pit/), Olod'lpoU'
(-p510, n. A stupid fellow ; dolt
doff (kISg), M. [Prob. akin te E. day.'} 1. That
which hfaiders motion ; encumbranee. 2. Sandal to keep
the feet dry or mcrease the suture, ^v. t. To encum-
ber ; to hamper ; to perplex. — e. <. 1. To beoome
clomped or encumbered. 2. To unite in a maia. —
dornr (kiBff'Ry), «• -dorgi-B«», «•
87n. —Impede : hinder ; obstruct : embarraaa.
dotottff (Uois'tSr). n. [OF. doutre, L. datutnimj
nL dauitra^ bolt, bounds, f r. daudere^clatuum^ te close. j
1. A covered paasage on one side of a court ; (jrf.) the
series of such passages on the sides of a court of amonaa-
tery or a college. 2. A mooaatio eateblishment — r. t.
To confine in a cloister ; te immure. — dototlll. a.
Syn. — Cloistu ; Mokastbbt; Nukkbbt; Comrsirr:
Abbbt ; PaiORT. — Cloister snd convent denote a place of
seclusion. A doister or con^^ent for monk* Is a mtmattery :
for ntifijr, a nunnery. An o6/.ev is governed by an abbot
or an abbess ; a priory by a prior or a prioreaa.
dost (klSs), r. /. [OF. & F. dot, p. p. of dorr to
close, fr. L. WaiMf^e.l 1. To step, or fill up (an oprn-
inff ) ; to ahut. 2. To bring together the parts of ; te con-
solidate. 3. To bring te an end ; te consummate. 4.
To come or gather around ; to inclose ; to confine, '■^v.i.
1. To come together : to unite or coalesce. 2. To end.
3 Toifrn'p|i1p.^w, 1. Conriuslon; end. 2. Agrapnio
Us uTt':;,tLliijj-. 3, [n) Vm^fUMiHi of A *tr*Liti of muaio;
ci^Iejicf . fj') A (leu Lie hnr iiiiirkiiig thfi fiid.
end ; ?ndinM: : eiircmity ^ eitrentt^.
Cl0«e tltlS* flr klSeln «^ [OF, A F. c/a* »n I:
ciii%ure, fr. fht. S«e CLOftm, r r] An iDcloeed ^'o*
[•la.LH- -, prrciijct df a rjitlnMlral ct Eibbe>'. ('■•••>
0l0*e 1 H]5i), <J. [OF. A P. cIomA 1. tibu£ fast ; cloeed ;
li«Jit. i. Narrow: conftiied. 5. Oppre**lve; without
1 1 i ' ci > *u «r vr ntllation . 4. 6trit tly loufi i led ; carefully
I iirir.H'i!. b- (hit of the wfty ot obi^rTBtiott ; hidden, o.
L.i:L.c.;tit. 7. Having tlje part* near esch other ; denae;
compact ; viacoua ; tenacious ; not volatile. 8. Concise ;
to the point. 9. Adjoining ; near in space, time, or
thought 10. Intimr te. 11. Nearly equaL 12. Parsi-
monious ; stingy. 13. Accurate ; attentive ; atrict 14.
Uttered with a contracted opening of the mouth, as cer-
tain sounds of e and o in French, Italian, and Cierman ;
— oppoeed to open. — adv. In a doee manner. — dOB*'-
Ijjadv. — dem^MSS, n.
dOMflSted (-fTst'Sd), tt. Covetous; niggardly.
dM'et (klOz'St), n. [OF., little inclosure, dim. of
dos.} 1. Small room for retiremoit and privacy. 2.
Recess in a room, for household utensQs, clothtng, ete.
— V. t. To take Into a closet for a aecret interview.
do'ftlire (klS'ihtr; 40), n. [OF.] I. A ahatting;
a closing. 2. That which closes.
dOt(klBt),n. [Akin to D. kioot ball, O. Uou dod.l
A concretion ; a soft, slimy, coagulated mass, as of blood.
mmv.L&L To concrete, coagulate, or thicken.
doth (klSth), n. ; pi. Cloths (klBthx) ; in the sense
of garments, Clotrb (klStfax or klSs). [AS. dSp cloth,
garment] 1. Woven fabric of cotton, woolen, linen, etc
2. Distinctive dress of any profession ; the clergy.
dotke (kl5tfa), V. /. [imp. &p. p. Clotrbd (klSthd)
or Clad (klld) ; p. pr. & rb. n. Clothzho.] To dress.
dotbes (klSths or kl5z), n. pi. 1. Covering for the
body ; drem. 2. Covering of a bed ; bedclothea.
8yn. - Oarmente ; drees ; clothing : apperel : attire ;
vesture ; raiment ; garb ; coetume ; habit ; habiliments.
d0Ch/1«r (k]5tfa'y8r), n. 1. One who makea, dresaea,
or fulls cloth. 2. Dealer in cloth or clothes.
dotklnc (-Tnff), n. Oarmente in generel ; covering.
dotteA (kl5tt«d), dotOy (ty), o. Composed of
clots or clods ; sticky ; slimy ; foul.
doud (kloud), n. [AS. dUd a rock.] 1. A coUeo-
tion of visible vapor, in the atmosphere. 2. A volume of
smoke, or flying dust, resembling vapor. 3. Dark vein
or spot on a lighter material ; blemish ; defect 4. That
which overshadows, obscures, or depresses. 6. A great
crowd or vaat collection. — v. t. 1. To overspread.
5, », 1, 5, a, kmg ; &, fi, I, d, «, t. •J>ort ; s«i«e, «vent, Idea, 6bey, finite, cAre, Urm, isk, nil, flnoL
CLOUDLESS
113
COB
darkan, or obscure. 2. To blacken ; to tarnkh. 3. To
mark with Teins or spoU ; to variegate with colors.— v. i.
To STOW cloudy. [bright. I
CmftltM (kloudOSs), a. Without a cloud ; clear ; |
Qlaattf^ a. 1. Overcast or obacured with clouds.
2. Indiral.ingrioom or Ol-nature. 3. Coofused ; obscure.
^ LaeUog cleamesB. 6. Marked with veins or spots
of various hues. — Oloadl-ly, adv. — CUood'l-nMSt »•
fflWIfll (klllf ), n. [Scot. cUughA A narrow valley.
akNn(klout), n. [AS. dm litUe cloth, piece of metal.]
X. A piece ct cloth or leather ; patch ; rag. 2. Swaddling
doth. 3. Center of an archer's butt. 4. Iron plate to
keep sn azletree from wearing ; washer. 6. A blow with
the hand. [Z«ov]— r. /. 1. To cover or mend with a
dont. 2. To join clumsily. 3. To guard with an iron
plate. 4. To strike. [Low]
Otove (kUSv), n. [P. douJ] An aromatic spice, the
imexpanded flower bud of a tree of the Molucca I^es.
CMVV, n. [AS. ci%^e.'\ One of the small bulbs hi
the axils of the scales of a large bulb, as in garlic.
OlO^VWI (klJS'T'n), p.p.&a. fr. Cuuvb, v. /. SpUt
Olo^v«i-foor«d (-f «6t/«d). Olo'vio-kooiad' {-hmv),
a. Having the foot or hoof divided, as the ox.
CDo'TMr (-vft*), n. FAS. dS/re.] A phut ; trefoIL
OlOWB (kloon), a. fCf. Icel. i/unnt clumsy fellow.] 1.
A boor. 2. Rustic ; churL 3. Bu£foon ui a play or circus.
OUnwaftMUL, a. Like a clowu ; ungainly ; awkwurd. —
Glown'teMy. adr. — Olowii'lah-iiess. n.
Syn. — Cowae ; rough ; clumsy ; boorish ; rustic
Oloy (kloi), V. /. [OP. doer to nail up, f r. efo, L. davtu
naJL] To fill up ; to glut (the appetite) ; to surfeit
aill]> (kmb), «». [Cf.IceI.it/ufr6a.] 1. A heavy staff ;
cudgeL 2. A card of the suit having a figure like the
trefoil or clover leaf. 3. An association of persons for
social or other purposes. —'«./.&<. 1. To beat with a
club. 2. To combine. 3. To pay Johitly.
Olnb'fOOt' (-fd6t^}, n. A short, variously distorted
foot ; talipes. — Olnoloored, a,
Olaok (klfik), V. <. & /. lAB.doccian.} To call, like
a brooding ben.— n. A hen's call to her chickens.
OtmOdu),!!. A clew.
OtmnlMr (klOm^^r). n. [Kame of the Duke of New-
castle's estate.] A flela manlel, which hunts silently.
Glsmp (klftmp), n, [D. ktomp.'] 1. An unshaped mass.
2. Aeluster ; group ; thicket. 3. Compressed clay of coal
strata.— r./. To group.— v. i. To tread clumsily; to
damp.— ClllinK7« a,
Oaam'tW (klbn'ij^),a. Without skill or grace ; Ol-made;
tnappropriate. — CUvrn'M-ly, adv. — Ollini'li-liess, n,
Bjn,— See Awkwakd.
r (klling), imp. &p. p. of Cliro.
inm (klttaHSr), n. [AS.] 1. A number of like
things growing together; bunch. 2. Crowd; mob.—
v.i,AL To collect into a close body. — OllU'ter-y, a.
OtatOb (klfioh ; 52), n. [Cf. AS. odseccan to seise.]
1. Oripe with fingers or claw«. 2. pi. Hands, claws, or
talons, grasping firmly; rapacity; cruelty. 3. Device
for coupling shafting, etc. — v. i. & i. To grasp.
01lltaar(kiat^rl,». [Cf. W. c/tMfatr pile.] 1. Goo-
fused ooUectlon; disorder. 2. Clatter; confused noise.
—V. /. To disarrange. — r. t. To bustle.
OlTllwCknytSr),n. [L.] A liouid bijected into the
lower intesunes by a syringe ; an injection ; enema.
OoftOll (kSch; 52). n, [P. cache, fr. It. cncchio, dim.
of cocca little boat, fr. L.
concha mussel shell. Or.
K&rxn-l 1; A large, close,
four-wheeled carriage. 2.
A tutor who prepares a
student tat examination ;
ooa who trains athletes
for a contest. [Co/to^.]
^e. /. 1. To convey in a
2. To prepare for
One form of Coach.
examinatioo by private instruction. [Coffo^.]— r. <. To
dri ve or to ride m a coach. [carriage. I
OOMlllBAa (kSch'man), n. A driver of a coach or|
Oo^M>llni (kS-Xk'shfin), n. [L. coadiOt fr. eogere, oo-
adum^ to foroe.l Porce ; compulsion.
CkHMltT* (4tv\a. 1. Compelling. 2. United in aotton.
CkHMltT* (41 v). a. 1. Compelling. 2. Ui
Ofr^d^Jll-tailt (^'jtt-tont), a. Sin, A
Oo'ad-falor(kVid-jua8r),fi. [l.] i.
Oo'ad-ia1or(k5'id-jua8r),fi. [L.] l. One who aids
another. 2. Assistant of a mshop or priest. — Oo^Ad-lU'-
trMM, Oo'ad-li^Mz, n. /.
Oo-a'gMtt C-i'J«ot), n. Associate hn an act ; coworker.
0»«fpa-lAt« (-Sg^-lit), v.L&i, To change into
a curdUke or semisolid state, by chemical reaction ; to
curdle. — Oo^ia;^Ui4»le, a. — Oo-As^lA'tor, f».
Syn. — To thicken ; concrete ; ouxule ; clot ; oongeaL
OlHIC^Ullloa, n. 1. Chemioal change from a liquid
to a curdlike state. 2. Substance coagulated.
Oo-Aff^-lft-tlTt (-Ift-tlv), a. Causing coaguUtlon.
Oo-«ff^-l«m (-l&m), n,; pL COAOUUL (-U). [L.]
Coagulated matter ; clot.
Ooftl (kSI), n. [AS. CO/.] 1. Charred fragment of a
combustible substance ; charooaL 2. A black, solid, com-
bustible substance, dug from the earth for fuel.— r. /.
&i. To fiU with coal.
CkMl iss, a variety of carbureted hydrogen, procured
from bituminous coal, used in illuminating end heating. —
OoaloiL a general name for mineral oils ; petroleum. — Coal
tar, a thick, bUck liquid, yielded by distUling bitumhious
coal, and used for making printers' ink, black varnish, etc.
Oo'a-lMCe' (kS^^-Ws'), V. i. [L. eoaUteerey eoalitum ;
c<h -f- aletcere to grow up.] 1. To grow together. 2. To
unite. — Oo^a-lMTOtiioe, n. — Oo'a-lM'otiit, a.
Syn. — See Add.
Oo'a-lltkMl (-llsh^ln), n. 1. A coalescing ; union into
a body or mass. 2. A temporary combination of per-
sons, parties, or states, having different interests.
Syn. — Alliance ; conf edenmon ; confederacy ; league ;
combination ; conjunction ; consiwracy ; union.
OMdl^V (kSl'pTt'), n, 1. A pit where coal is dug.
2. A place where charooal is made. [U. ^0
OoaFT (-y), a. Pertaining to, like, or containing coaL
Ootmlngs (kSmTngs), ft. pi. [Cf. Comb a orest.] The
ndsed rim of a ship's hatches, [written also e<mM9ig».'\
Oo'ap-tft'llOB (kS'Ip-ti'shlin), n. [L. eoaptaUo; eo-
-f aptare to fit] Adaptation of parte to each other.
OOAIM (kSrs), a. [Orig., course ^ or cotir«, perh. abbr.
fr. of course^ common ; hence, homely, plain.] 1. Large
in bulk : of inferior quality ; not fine in material or close
in texture ; thick ; rouffh. 2. Not refined ; rude ; gross.
— OoAiMay, adv. — Ootfie^ttt— , ft.
Srn. — Large ; thick ; rude ; rough ; gross ; blunt ; un-
couth : unpolished ; inelegant ; indelicate ; vulgar.
CkMSt (kSst), n. [OP. coste, P. cdte, rib, shore, coast,
L. coda rib, side.] Tlie seashore, or land near it. — tr. i.
1. To saU by or near the shore. 2. To slide down hill ;
to slide on a sled, over snow or ice. [ Locals U. 8.}
OOMf «r, n. 1. Vessel sailing along a coast, or hn
the coasting trade. 2. One who sails near the shore.
OoosfWUO' (-wis/), ndv. Along the coast
OotLt (k5t), n. [OP. eoto, LL. cda, cotta, tunicj
1. Outer garment fittins the upper part of the body. 2.
External covering, as fur, sUn, wool, husk, or bark.
3. Layer of any substance covering another ; tegument
— r. /. To cover with a coat or layer.
Ooat of arms, a light garment formerly worn over armor ;
an heraldic achievement : the bearings of any person. —
Ooat card, a playing card bearing a coated figture.
CkMltIng, n. 1. A coat or covering ; a layer of any
substance, as a cover or protection. 2. Cloth for coats.
OOUI (k5k«), V. t. [Cf. W. coeg empty, fooliiiii.j lo
persuade by flattering or fondling. — Oout'CT, n.
Syn. — To wheedle ; cajole ; &tter : persuade ; entice.
Oob (k5b), n. [AS. cop, copp^ head.] 1. Axis on which
kernels of maize grow. 2. A spider. 3. A young her-
ring. 4. A stout horse for the saddle.
fSm, reoMt, 6rb, rude, fyll, Am, f«rod, f<^t, out oil, diair, go, sinK, ink, then, thin.
8
COBALT
Head of Cobra da
CapcUo.
CktHtelt (kS^bSlt : 1), n. [O. kobaU.] A meUl of th«
iron RToup. — 0a-lNilrl3, «..
Oobaae (k8l/b*I). n. [Ft. cob.) A cobbleatone.
Oob^Ue, V. t [OF. coMery copier, to Join together, L.
copulate to coaplej 1. To make or mend coarsely ; to
patch ; to botch 2. To pare with cobblestonea.
Oob'bler (-blSr), ik 1. A mender of ahoea. 2. A
duniay workman. 3. A mixed drink.
Cklbnil9-StOIM'(-«t5n'),n. Large pebble; amall bowlder.
OolKnat' (-n&t^), n 1. A large variety of haselnut.
2. A game played by children with nuta.
Oo^, n., II OoHtea de oa-Ml10 (kS'bri dft kA^pSinft).
[Pg., serpent of the hood.] Hooded
snjDce, a Tonomoua serpent of India.
{M/JnUy (kSb'web'); n. [Cob a
spider -{- teeb.] X. The network
spread by a spider to catch ita prey.
2. Something flimsy and worthless.
OCoa (k5^4}, It. [8p., fr. natlTe
name. 1 Dried leaf of a South Amer-
ican shrubf chewed (with an alkali)
in Peru and Boliria to give strength.
ChKoa-lna (-Tn), n. A powerful
alkaloid, obtained from coca, used
to produce local insensibility to pain.
Ooo-offer-oos (kSk-sTfer-Qs), a.
[L. coccutn berry -)- -/erou*. ] Bear-
Uig berries; bacciferous.
II Ooc/oyz (k5k'sTks), n. ; pi. L.
CoooTon (-si'jSz). [L.. cuckoo, Or.
k6ickv( cuckoo, coooyx.j End of the vertebral column
beyond the sacrum.
Ooohl-nMd (k5ch^-nSl), n, [8p. cochiniUa, Or. k6k-
KOti berrv, kermes insect, used to dve scarlet ] Dried
bodies oi a tropical insect, used aa a dye.
II Oooliae-a (kSkai-4), n. [L., snail, snail shelL] An
appendage of the labyrinth of the internal ear.
Gooh'U-a-ry i-t-ij), Ooolia«-ate (ftt), Oooli'to^i'ttd,
a. Having the form of a snail shell ; spural ; turbinated.
CkMft (kSk), n. [AS. coc.l 1. Male of birds, esp. of
domestic fowls. 2. Vane shaped like a cock ; weather-
cock. 3. Faucet or valve. 4. Style or gnomon of a dial.
Oook, V. /. [Cf. Oael. eocA 1. To set erect ; to turn
up. 2. To turn (the eye) obliquely in derision or Insinu-
ation. — n. The act of cocking ; the turn so given.
Oocdk, n. [It. coeca notch of an arrow.l ll Notch of
an arrow. 2. Hammer in the lock of a firearm. — r. /.
&i. To set (the hammer of a firearm) for firing.
Oocdl, n. [Cf. Dan. kok heap, or £. cock to set erect]
Conical pile of hay. — r. /. To put into cocks or heaps.
Oook,n. [L. roncAa mussel shell, vesseL] Small boat.
CkMft-Ada' (-id'), n. [OF. coqvart vain, fr. cog cock.
A cockade is like a cock^s crest. T Rosette on the hat.
006k'a-t0</ (-ArtCo/}, n. iMaH^yan kfikatwu] A bird
of the Parrot family, having an erectile crest.
Oock'a-tliM (-tris), n. [OF. cocatrice crocodile.! 1.
A fabulous serpent whose breath and look were said to
be fatal. See Basiuse. 2. Any deadly thing.
OotklMAr (-bSt/). n. A small boat.
OocrehAfer (-chaffer), n. [See
Crafsk beetle. 1 A beetle called
also Mny bug, ena/er, or dorbeetle,
006k'crow' (-krS'), \ n. Time
Oo6k'oniW'illC> ) at which
cocks first crow : early moming.
Ootkfn (kBk'gr), V. t. [Cf. W.
cocru to fondle.] To fondle ; to hi-
dulgp ; to pamper.
Cock'er, n. [Fr. cock the bird.]
A small dog of the spaniel kind,
used for starting up woodcocks, etc.
Ooclfer-^K-W), «. Young cock. Cockar SpanieL
Oook'et (-^t), n. A customhouse certificate that goods
have paid duty.
114 COEQUAL
Oook^tjt' (kSkf), n. A squinting eye.
OocktUfllt^ (kSk'f itO« n. A match or contest of game-
cocks. — OiookflglltillC, n. & a.
OooknuVM' (-bdrs^), n. A child's rocking-horse.
Ooc/kle (kSk'kU), n. [AS. sSccocas sea cockles, prob.
fr. Celtic] 1. A bivalve mollusk, eaten in Europe. 2.
A cocklesbeU. 3. The mineral black tourmaline.
OOf/kle, V. t. & i. To pucker Into wrinkles or ridges.
Ooo'kla, n. [AS. coccel, coed.] (a) A weed infest-
ing grain ; the com rose. (6) The dameL
Ooold*-lll«UM». 1. SheUofacockle. 2. Light boat.
CkMk'iMy (-n^), n. [OE. cokenay spoiled chUd.] 1.
An effeminate person. 2. A native of London.
OodTptt' (-pTtOt n. 1. An area for cockfights. 2.
That part of a war vessel appropriated to the wounded.
OOGklOMll' (-rSch'), n, [Sp. evcarachn.] Orthop-
terous insect of numerous species, esp. in hot countries.
OookB'OOIIllr' (kOkaOcSmO, n. 1. A coxcomb. 2. A
plant, bearing fantastic spikes of brilliant fiowers.
OooTcwtlB (kSk'sw^, eolloq. kSk's'n), n. [Code a
boat -f- «train.J Steersman of a boat.
Oook'tall' CtXL')y n. An iced, spirituous beveTag«.
OCOO (kyk^), n., or Oo'oo paim' (pKmO. Cocoa.
ChKooa (kS^i), n. I [Sp. &, Pg. coco cocoanut.]
OCooa ptlm' (plimO* l A palm tree producing the
cocoanut, growing in nearly all tropical countries.
ChKoOAi n. [Corrup. fr. cacao.] A preparation from
seeds of the chocolate tree ; baverage made from cocoa.
OCooa-nnt'. n. Nut of the cocoa palm.
OiHHMni' (kS-k55nO« «• [F. cocon. It. L. concha nms-
sel shell.] 1. Silken case spun by the silkworm before
leaving the larval state. These cases yield the silk of
commerce. 2. Sindlar case constrocted by insects, spi-
ders, leeches, etc
OlHHMni'er-y (-Sr-y), n. A building for silkworms.
Ooc/tlle (kSktTI), a. [L. coditU, fr. co<piere. See
Cook.] Made hy bakhig, or exposing to heat, as a brick.
Oooaion(-ahiin),n. [L. coctio.] A boUing.
I, 7». \^MM tiVClMf.l M, UVUtllg.
vwtt (kSd), n [AS. codd small bag.] 1. A husk ;
pod. [Eng.J 2. The scrotum. [Atlantic I
Ood, n. [Cf. gadde, L. gadus."] Edible fish of the north I
Ood'Oto (kSd'd'l), r. /. [Prov. E. caddie to coax.]
1. To parboil. 2. To pamper.
Ood« (kSd), n. [F., f r. L. codex, caudex, stem of a tree,
tablet of wood on which the ancients wrote; a book,
a writing.] A collection, system, or digest of laws.
II OCdez (k5'dSks), n. ; pi. Codicbs (kSda-aSc). [L.]
1. A book ; a manuscript. 2. A code.
Oodllsll' (kSd'flshO, n. Cod.
Oodf'er (kSj'Sr). n. 1. A miser. 2. An odd peraon.
Ooda-dl (kSd^-sTl), n. [L. codieUlus, dim. of codex.]
A clause added to a will. — Oodl-clllA-ry, a.
OCdl-fy (kS'dT-n or kSdT-n), r. L To reduce (laws,
etc.) to a code. — Oo'dl-fl-eatlon, n.
OodOln (kOdlTn), I n. [Cf. AS. codmppel a quince.]
Oodllni: (-ITng), I (a) An api 'e fit to stew or cod-
dle. (b)kxk immature apple. [cooperation. I
Oo'ef-fl'olMl-oy (cS'Sf-fTsh'en-^), n. Joint efficiencv ; !
Oo'ef-fl'otoltt (-^nt), a. Cooperating ; acting together
to produce an effect. — n. 1. That which combines with
somethfaig else to produce the same effect. 2. A num-
ber or letter put before a mathematical quantity, known
c- " -Ti, ta r^ -- *^ — .-'^— - '* »- to be taken.
, GfB-l«n't«-ia ^^.^-j^ua^-r^} <>■ n (kB-len'te-nta
(ra'tAX fi, pL [?iL., fr, Gt imiXiifi hollow -\- irrtpa
ui h-^ti aea. ] A ppou [■ of liiT^rlflbf nt a, whose stomach and
UmU- rniitirji *re om. — QOB-IttttlAT At», a. & n,
I OiJell-a (h&'lTMl), n. f >'!4.t fr. Of. mXia a cavity of
Vi*' Uk]v) a osTJTy of tl,4.. brain.
Ooe'll ac, D«^-ac (-SkK o- [Of TfjcAto*^, fr. coiAul]
rLr'LT,! i]iL[ tn iKo ittxlf^iotin or csvtty or the abdomen.
i, GaglaM <4ikn), n. ISL., fr. Or. icoOinfia a hollow.]
Spacp between the walls of the body and inclosed viscera.
Oo-a'qiUl (k6-5Tcw<il), a. [L. coaeqrtalit ; co- -f
a, S, I, o, G, long ; ii, £, I, 6, 0, j^, short ; sentte, ^vent, tdea, 6bey, ttnite, c4re, iinn, nsk, nil, finaL
COEQUALITY
116
COLDNESS
aeqmalis eqoaL] Kqoal in rank, podtion, or power, — n.
One wtx» U on an equality with another. — OO^MLOall-ty
(ky^kw5IT.t|),».
Oo-«nW (ko^ry), V. t, [L. eoHreere; co- 4- antre
to ahut up, preaa together.] 1. To reetndn by force ; to
lepreM ; to curb. 2. To compel to any action. 3. To
enfofce. — Oo^I^d-Ue (Sr'oT-b'l), a. — Oo-Wdan
(-thllny, ». — OO^I^Ol-tiTt (-al-tiT), OO-tl'QlTt, a.
Syn. — CoaBOB ; Compbl. — To compel ia to urge on by
Irreeiatible force. Coerce at lirat only infl«nt to reatrain
l>y force ; but baa gained the aenae of driving a peraon to
perform aome act required of him by another.
O&wm-MMltlaX (kS'Sa^n'shiil), a. Of the aame eaaence.
Oo'A-Ul'iM-OaB (4-ti'nt-B8), a. [L. coaetnneu* ; eo- +
4Mettu age.] Contemporaneoua. Lttr'lllrtT, n. I
O&^-t&tWll (-tir'nal), o. EquaDy etemaL ^ Qof- \
Oo-^^ral (kft-TTal), a. [h.eoaevu»; oo- -^ (MVumUfe-
time, age.] Of the aame age. — » A oontemporaiy.
Oo'CS-tot' (kS'lgi-IstO, V. i. To eziak at the aame
time. — Oo'CS-UrMlOt, n. — Oo'ex-lft'MIt, a,&n.
Oo'CS-tenA' (-«ka-tSndO, v. /. To estend through the
■ame apace or time with another ; to extend to the aame
degree. — Oo'tS-teu'llMI, n. — Oo'CS-tan'liT*, a.
OoTlM (k8f'f«), n. [Ar.^oAuoA.] 1. The *' benriea"
of a amali CTergreen tree of ^^^
Abyaainia, Arabia, Peraia, and
tropical America. 2. The cof-
fee tree. 3. BeTerage made
from the roaated berry.
Oot'fM-bOOM' (-houa"), n.
Hooae for aelliiig coffee, food,
etc [to hold coffee. '
Oor!»*-Pal'(-p5t/),n. Pot
OoKtor (-f«r). n. i¥.coffr*>,
L>. cophintu basket, ir. Or. ic6-
^t»oc. Cf.Corrw.] 1. A casket
or chest. 2. Treasure or funds.
8. A receaaed paneL 4. Cham-
ber of a canal lock ; caiason. —
V. L To put into, or furnish
with, coffera.
. OoMV-daiB' (-dima n. An
incloaure ha the bed of a river,
etc., to exclude water whUe building piers, etc.
Oot'flB (-fTn), n. [OB., basket, fr. L. cophinu*.'\ 1.
Case incloafaag a body for buriaL 2. A horse's hollow
Iftoof, below the coronet. — r. /. To indoae in a cofBn.
O0ff (kSg), V. /. A i. [Cf. W. coeaio to deceiTe.1 To
deceive ; to cheat. — n. A trick ; deception ; falaebood.
O0g» n. [Cf. 8w. kuage a cog.] 1. Tooth on a wheel
to transmit motion. 2. A tenon. 3. Pillar supporting
the roof of a mine. — v. /. To furnish with cogs.
Oof , n. [D. kog.} A small fishing boat.
Oorgni (k5'j8nt), a. [L. cogent^ p. pr. of coaere to
force ; co- -f agere to drive.] Able to compel conviction ;
irrestible.— Oo'KtilMy, a/fv.— Oo'geil-ey (-JSu-sy), n.
Syn.— Forcible; powerful; potent; urgent; strong.
Oogl-Utt (kSiT-tat), V. i. [L. cogUarCj -taium, to
reflect upon.] To engage in continuoua thought. — v. t.
To think over; to pUn. — OfV^tA-U*, a.— OOfl-tA-
Wia-tT, n. — Oof l-tatkm, n. -Ooc^U-ttW, a.
Oo^gBAO^ (k«nVl(0« »• [F] French brandy.
OOf'liat* (kBg'nat), n. [L. eognatus; co- -f gnatusy
R. p. of gtuuei to be bom.] L Allied by blood. 2. Of
ke nature. — 11. 1. One related to another on the
female side. 2. One of several kindred things.
Oog-llB^OB, n. R<;lationship by blood ; kindred.
Ooc-Bitton (-nTsh'tin), n. \Jj. cogniiio^ fr. eognos-
cere^ -nitum^ to know ; co- -j- gnoscere to g«t a knowl-
edge of.] 1. A knowing ; perception. 2. Thing known.
Ooc'IIS-ttT* (-nT-tTv), a. Knowinir ; apprehending.
OorM-n-Ue (kS^'nT-s^-bn or kSn'-), a. 1. Capable
of bemg known. 2. Judicially determinable.
Oog'Bl^UlM (kSg'nT-sans or k5n'T-), n. [OP. coni*-
MUM, fr. L. eopnoseere.]
standing ; perception. 2. Recognition. 3. (a\ Juriadic
tion. (6) The bearing a matter judicially.
1. Apprehenaion by the under-
^ a) Juriadic-
4. A badge
identifyi^ a thing.
Oog^i-mit (k^nT-sont), a. Having cognisance (o/).
Ooc'ttlM (kSg'nis), r. /. To know or perceive.
Oog-BO^man (k8g-n5'm«u), n. [L.] 1. Last of a
Romania three names, denotmg house or family. 2. A
aumame. — OoC-BOm'l-lltl (-uSuia-nol), a.
Ooc^WllMl' (kSg'hwa' ), n. Wheel with coga or teeth.
Oo-habit (kft-l&b^t), V. i. [L. CO- -f hatUare to
dwell.] 1. To reside together. 2. To live as husband
and wffe. — Oo-hlAit-«ltt, n. - 0o-liab'l4a'tkn, n.
Oo-hslr' (-ir')f »• A joint heir ; one of several en-
tiUed to an inheritance. — Oo^mIi'MB, n, f.
Oo-hOTt' (-hSrOf V. i. [L> eohaerere, eohaemm; 00-
-f haerere to adhere.] 1. To stick tosether ; to bold
fast, as parts of the same mass. 2. To follow naturally,
as arguments in reasoning ; to be logically consistent.
Oo-lwr'ailt (-«nt), a. X. Bticking together, as the
parU of bodies, solid or fluid. 2. Coumatent. — Oo-har'-
•nt-lw, adv. ^Oo-lMtmot, Oo-liar'aii-oy. »•
OChWgl0ll(-h8'shfin),n. 1. A cohering ; close union.
2. That form of attraction which unites particles of a
body throughout the mass. 3. Logical dependence.
Oo-lM'ltva (-alv)! o. Cohering ; producing cohesion.
—Oo-ha^Bhrv-MM, ».
Ck/lUVt (k5'h8rt), n. [L. cohortt prop., an incloaure.]
In the ancient Roman army, a body of about 500 soldiers.
Oolf (koif), n rOF. coiA;.] Cap; headdress.— r. /.
To cover with a coif. [Written also <mo<^.]
_ tnr* (koif'fftr), n. [F. See Cour.]' Headdress.
Ooll (koil), V. /. & i. [OF. coiliir to coUect, L. col-
ligere; col- -f- legere to gather.] To wind cylindrically
or spirally. — n. 1. A series of rings into which a rope,
pipe, etc., is wound. 2. Entanglement ; perplexity.
OoIb (koin), n. fP., fr. L. cunetu wedge ; prob. akin
to E. cone^ Aone.] 1. A quoin ; comer or external angle ;
wedge. 2. A piece of metal stamped aa money. — r. /.
1. To make (metal) into money by stamping it. 2. To
make or fabricate; to invent. 3. To acquire (money)
rapidly. — r. ^ To make counterfeit money.
Ootal'BSB (-t j)f n. 1. The converting metal into money.
2. Cost of coining money. 3. Formation ; fabrication.
Oo'iB-fildB' (kS'In-sidO. v. i, [L. co- + incidere to
fall on ; in -|- eadere to fall.] 1. To occupy the same
place. 2. To occur simultaneously. 3. To concur.
Oo-ln'(d-4MIOB (k$-Tu'sT-dens), n. 1. An occupying
the same place. 2. A happening at the same time. 3.
Exact correspondence ; agreement. — Oo-in'Oi-deilt, a.
(kdr (koir), n. [Tamil Aroyiru.] Cocoanut fiber.
Oo-Ptlcni (kft-Tsh'Qn), n. [L. coiiio, fr. eoire to come
together ; co- -f- ire to go.] Sexual intercourse.
Mm (kSk), n. [Perh. akin to cake^ n.] Mineral coal
charred, or deprived of its volatile matter by roasting or
by distillation. — r. t. To convert into coke.
0<fl'BIl-4«r (kCU'an-dir), n. [L. colan*^ -anti*^ p. pr.
of co/flrre to filter, fr. colum a
strainer.] Utensil with perforated
bottom for straining ; strainer.
Ofd'ohl-omn (kSmcT-k&m), n.
[L., fr. ColehiM, Or. KoAxw, a
province east of the Black Sea.] A
genus of bulboua-rooted European
plants; saffron.
OOld (kSld), a. [AS. cold, ceald; akin to G. kalty L.
gelH frost, gelare to freeae.] 1. Deprived of heat ; not
warm or hot; frigid. 2. Lacking warmth; chiUy. 3.
Wanting in ardor, zeal, or passion.— n. 1. Absence of
warmth. 2. Sensation produced by escape of heat. 3.
Morbid state of the body, from exposure to cold or damp-
ness ; catarrh. — Offldly. a^/r. — Odld'IlMMt n.
Gold chisel, a strong chisf>l for cutting cold metal.
Syn. - Gelid ; bleak ; frigid ; chill ; unfeeling ; stoicaL
Colander.
fSm, recent, 5rb, ryde. f^U, Urn, fo'od, fol»t, out, oil, chair, bo, einffi iO^ t^va, Uaia.
COLE
116
COLOR
0010 (Un), n, [AS. eov/, f r. L. canlU atallc, cat>b«ge,
akin to Or. kovA^.I A plant of the Cabbage genna.
Ode-opler (k5'll-5|/tSr), n. One of the Coleoptera.
11 Oo'lo-op^e-im (-tt-r*), n. p/. [NL., fr. Or. KoktAwn-
p<K aheatb- winged ; moKtit sheath -f- vrtpdw wing.l An
order of inaects (mostly beetles and weeTils) having homy
wingcaaea. — Oole-opler-al, Ool«-«pl«r-«is, a.—
_ _ _ _ (kSl'aSdOt »• Common rape or oole.
CMle'sUW (-sla"), n. [D. kool daa cabbage aalad.]
A salad made of sliced cabbage.
Oolt^WOfft' (•wQrt'), ft. [AS. catclwyti ; eawl cole +
vjyrt wort.] A rariety of cabbage whose leaTea never
form a compact bead.
O0II0 (kSlTk), n. [L. eolieut sick with coUe, Or.
M»Auc<k» fr. kmAoc, jc^Aor, colon, — the disease being
seated in or near the c(4on.] A paroxysmal pain in the
abdomen. — a. 1. Pertaining to coUc ; affecting the
bowels. 2. Pertaining to the colon. — OdilA-y, o.
Ool-UpM' (kSMips'), V. <. [L. coUabi, -lapntm, to
collapse ; col- + laM to faU, sUde.1 To fall together
suddenly ; to shrink up. — n. 1. A falling together aud-
deuly, as of the sides of a hollow Teasel. 2. Complete
failure; breakdown. iCoUoq.] 3. Extreme depreasioo
or sudden failinj? of the vital powera.
OoHar (kSIISr), H. [OP. eolier, fr. eol neck, L. col-
lum.] 1. Somethiug worn round the neck, for use, orna-
ment, restraint, or identification. 2. A ring or cincture.
^ r. /. 1. To seize by the colUr. 2. To put a collar on.
Ool-Ut«' (-litOt f . t. [Pr. coUation,"} L To compare
critically 2. To gather and place in order (aheets of a
book for binding). 3. To institute in a benefice.
Ool-Ut'er-Al (-IKt^r-nl), a. [LL. •coUateralU ; eol- +
lateralis lateral.] 1. Coming from, being on, or directeid
toward, the aide. 2. AcUng indirecUy. 3. Related to,
but not a part of, the thing under consideration ; subor-
dinate. 4. Tending toward the aame reault as something
else ; additional. 6. Descending from the same ancestor,
but not in the same line— n. 1. A collateral relative.
2. Collateral security. — Ool-Uf «r-Al-l7, adv.
CoUalaralseewttj. security for performmg covenants, or
payinfr money, besides the principal aecunty.
OoTu^tkn (-li'ahan), n. [P. ; fr. L. coUatio a bring-
ing together, comparing.] 1. A collating ; comparison
of one copy or thing with another of like kind,
light rep&Bt or luncheon. — Ool-Utor, ». [L.]
OoIImCIM (-18g), n. [P. collogue, L. eoUega one choaen
along with another, partner in office ; col- -f legare to
2. A
send as deputy.]
^ ^ An aasociate in office or employment.
8tti. — fielper ; assistant ; coadjutor ; ally ; aasociate.
Cka-lMt' (kCl-lSkf), r.l. & i. [L. coUigert, -lectum,
to bind together; col- -f Icgere to gather.] 1. To as-
semble. 2. To obtain payment (of an indebtedness). 3.
To infer.
8yn. —To gather ; muster ; amass ; infer ; deduce.
Ooiaoct (k5ia«kt), n. [LL. collecta, fr. L. colligere.']
A short, comprelionsive prayer in a liturgy.
0ol-lect'6d (-IfikfSd), a 1. Oathered together. 2.
Self-possessed ; composed. — Ool-l60t'«d-IIMl, n.
Ool-leo'tiOll (-ISk'shiin), n. 1. A collecting. 2. Thing
collected ; aa^mbL'vxe ; contribution of money.
Hyn. — Oathering ; assembly ; group ; compilation.
Ool-leotlT» (-tTv), a. [L. eoUectifnts.} 1. Pormed
by gathering or collecting ; congregated or aggregated.
2. In grammar, expressing a collection or afrgregate of
individuals, by a singular form. 3. Having plurality of
origin or authority. — n. A collective noun or name.
Ool-laotlT^ly, adv. In a mass, or body ; unitedly.
Ool-lect'or (-t*r), n. [LL.] 1. One who collecto
things which ar«> separate ; esp., one who collects book^,
works of art, objects in natural history, etc. 2. An of-
ficer commimioned to collAct cuHtomK« duties, taxes, or
toll. — Ool-leo^'or-tte (tt), Ool-leofor-ahlp, n.
Oollege (k511«j)» n. [F. ; L. collegium^ fr. eoUega
0(dl6agiie.] 1. A coUectton or society of peraona Imt-
ing common dutiea and interests. 2. Society of acboUra.
a A buikUng, or buildinga, used bv a college. — Otik-W-
gl-ttl (kSl-irjT-on), n, — Ool-to'gM*, a,Sin.
O0ia«t(-iet),fi. [P.,dim.fr.L.eofftiinDeck.] 1. Small
*■ or band. ^ "
2. Part of a ring holding the atone.
Ool-Uto' (-lldO, V. L [L. eoUidere^4isum; eol- +
laedcre to strike.] To strike or daah against each oth^.
Oolite (k911]^),i». [OaeLcui<e«m whelp, dog.] Scotch
shepherd dog. [Written also co//y, eoUey.^
OOllltr (-yirL n. 1. One ensaged in digging coal or
making charcoal; dealer in coal 2. Teaael employed
in the coal trade.
Oolltor-y (-9), n. Place where coal ia dng ; coal mine.
Ool'U-OUItlOII (-IT-mS'sli&u), n. [P., fr. a false readhig
{collimare) for L. eollhuare to dirvct in a straight line ;
col- -f linea Une.] Adjustment of the line of the sights,
as the axial line of the teleacope of an instnunoit.
Oolll-flUI'tar (-tSr), ft. A telescope arranged to de-
termine errors of collimatloo.
Offl-Uq'IM-faotloa (-ITk'wI-fXk'shtin), n, [L. CO/- -f
liqwfaccrt; liquere to be liquid -|-/tfcere to make.] A
melting together ; fnaion of bodiea into one maaa.
Ool-UMoil (•ITah'lin), %, [L. eoUitio, fr. cotlidere.
See CoLLiOB.] 1. A striking together; aclaahing. 2.
A state of oppoaition ; antagmiiam ; interference.
OolllKOfttt (-Ift-kit), V. /. [L. eoUocare, -co/vm.]
To aet or place ; to atation. — Ooil<HMlllon, n.
OoI-1(KA-00 (-15'dT-8n), Ool-to'dl-ai (-fim), n. [Or.
KoAAiMiK like ^ue ; xdAAa glue -f ci^ form.] A soln>
tion of pyroxyUn (soluble gun cotton) in ether contain-
ing alcoh<d. It la adheaive, and is used to coat wonnda,
and as a vehicle for the aenaitive film in photographer.
(kAIOf (-Ittp), n. A small alice or piece of anythmg.
Ool4iraal^ (-IS'kwT-al), a. Pertahilng to colkx^ny ;
conversational ; informal. — M-lO'avl-Al-iBm (-Ts*m), n.
OtHIUhqaoj (-16-kwj^), n. [L. eolioquiumy fr. eollcioui^
4ocutum^ to converse ; col- -f loaui to epeak.] 1. Mu-
tual discourse ; conference. 2. In American coUegea, a
minor part in exhibitions. — Ool'l<Kq«llt (-kwTst), n,
OA-m^ (-ludOt V. i- [L. coUudcre, 4untm ; cof- +
Inderc to play.] To play into each other^a handa.
Ool-lu'Stoll (-lu'zhfin), n. A colluding; deceit —
Ool-lu'itTt, Ooi-la'so-ry, a — OoI-Iu'iIto-It. odv,
8yn. — CoLLirsioir ; ComoTAHCB. — One guilty of <
.. ., .. . . ' "•^- aanctioos f»
nivanee intentionidly overlooks, and thus s
I what
be should prevent. ' One guilty of eoUuMon unites witk
others (playing into their hands) for fraudulent purpoeea.
0o-l0g]l*'(kft-15n'), n. [Orig. made in Cologne^ Prenoh
une of KOln, in Oermany.] A perfumed toilet liquid.
WlVk. (kinSn), n. [L. colon, edum, limb, the largest
of the int^tines, fr. Or. icMAor, and, in sense of the in-
testbie, KoAor.] 1. That part of the large hitestines be-
tween the cecum and rectum. 2. A-character [:1 used to
separate parts of a sentence complete in themselves.
OolO^Ol (kiir'n«l), n. [P. ; It. cclonnello commander
of a column, fr. colonna column, L. columnar Chief
officer of a regiment. — (Mlo'Btl-eyt CMle'Bal-tlllp, n.
Oo-lO'lll-Al (kft-l^nT-al), o. Pertaining to a colony.
Ool'O-lllSt (kOl^-nTst), n. Member of a colony.
CNd'O-nlM (-nix), f . t. To establish a colony in ; to
people with colonists ; to migrate to and aettle in. '^v.i.
To remove to, and settle in, a distant country ; to make
a colony. — Ool'o-Bi^aer, n. — Ool^o-al-iallOB, n.
Ool^Oll-lUld«'(-8o-nida n. [P.l A range of columna.
Ool'O-ny (-*-ny), n. [L. colonta, fr. colontu farmer,
fr. colere to cultivate.] 1. A company of people trana-
planted to a remote countrv, and subiect to the parent
state. 2. A settlement. 3. A number of animala or
plants 11 ring together, beyond their ususl range.
Ool'O-pho^ny {k^^-t^nf or k^-Wf^o-ny), n. [Or.
il itoXo^yia (w. pip-i'yn gum) reshi.] Rosin.
Ool'or (klil'Sr), n. [Written also co/oiir.] [OP. & L.]
1. A property of light, by which the hues of objecto are
a, ©, 1, 3, n, long ; II, <«, I, », tt, f, short ; aenilte, «vent. Idea, 6bey, ftnlte, cAn, Urm, Aak, nil, CnaL
COLORABLE
117
COMFORT
An V hue diatingaUbed from
3. Hue inMUf eating good kealth and
I in Tiaion.
ate or Mack.
■pirita ; ruddy complexion. 4. A paint; pigment 6. That
eoTering the real thing ; aemhlance ; diaguiae. 6. A dia-
tingiii»hi«g badge, flag, etc. (uaually in pL). — r. t. 1.
To change the hue of ; to dye ; to tinge. 2. To give a
false appearance to ; to make plauaible ; to nalliate or ez-
enae. ^ V. i. To acquire color ; to turn red ; to bluah.
Ool'ar-A-bto (kliV7r-4-bU), a. Specioua ; plauaible.
Ool'O-im'dO bee'tla (kSl'ft-riifdft \»V\). A yellowiah
beetle, originally known in Colorado, deatructive to the
potato plant ; — called alao pot(Uo beeile and potato bug.
OoFV-A'tlOll (k&l'Sr-S'ahiin), n. Act or art of color-
ing; atate of being colored.
Odl'orad (kftl'Srd), a. 1 Harhig color; tinged;
dyed; ataiued. 2. Specioua; plauaible. 3. Of aome
other color than black or white. 4. Of aome other color
than white ; — applied to peraons of negro blood. 6. Of
aome other color than green ; — aaid of plauta.
Ool'ar-lst, n. Painter akillf ul in uae of colors.
Ool'or-iMB, a. 1. Without color; tranaparent. 2.
Vree from manifeatation of aentiraent or feelhig.
OCKllW'kal (k^lQo^aal), a. [F. ; L. eoloiteu*. Bee
CoLoeam.] Of enormoua aise ; gigutic; huge.
Ool'OfrHM'lim (kSl'Ss-aS'lim), n. [L.] The amphi-
theater of Veapaaian in Rome. [Alao written Coliseum.'\
JUOM (kft-15i'aBa), n. ; fi. L. CoLoeai (-si), E. Co-
) (-a&a^). [L., fr. Or. icoAoo-t^.] 1. A atatue
of gigantic aise. 2. A man or beast of gigantic aise.
Ool'Olir (klU'Sr), ». & r. Color.
(M'portmir (kSl'pSr'tSr), Ool'por'tar (tSr), n. [F.
eoiporteur; col (L. eollumi nock -\- porter (L. portare) to
carry.] A hawker: diatributer of religioua hooka.
Oolt (kSlt), ». [AS.] Toung of the horse kind.
Ooinor (kSlOSr), fi. [AS. euUer.} The aharp fore
Iron of a plow. [Written alao coulter.']
Ooirisll (kSltOsh), a. Like a colt ; wanton ; friaky.
I Ool'a-lMr (kSl'tt-bSr), n. TL., serpent.] Agenu^of
barmleea aerpenta. — Ooi'a-brUM (-briu), a.
(MiOUB-llA-ry (-lim-bft-r]^), n. [L. columbarium, fr.
eolumba doTe.] A dorecote ; pigeon house.
OCKlmnil-A (k6-l&m'bT-4), n. [Fr. Columbug.']
America; the United SUtea. — Oo-llUinhl-ail, a.
Ooirofli-llIlM (kSllim-bin), n. ILL. eolumbina, fr. L.
eoiuTtUta doye.} 1. A flowering plant of aeveral apeciea.
2. The sweetheart of Harlequin in pantoroimea.
Ool'a-mrtaa (kSl'tt-mSlOA), n. LL-t dim. of columen
oolomn.] 1. (a) An axia to which a carpel of a compound
piatil may be attJKshed. (6) A columnlike axia in capsulea
of moeaee. 2. Columnlike part of an animal body.
Ool'mBB (kSllim), n. [L. columna, fr. columen, eul-
«n«n, fr. cellere (uaed only in comp.), akin to B. excel.
Cf. CoLomcL.] 1. A cylindrical aupport for a roof, ceil-
ing, atatoe, etc 2. (a) A body of troops formed in ranks,
ooe behind the other ; — disting. fr. line. (6) A amall
army. 3. A perpendicular set of lines in a book, etc., not
extADdhig acrosathepage.— Oo-l«m'iuur(k6-llim'n8r), a.
Oo-lOTd' (kft-lutn, n. [F.; L. cUuri, pi., fr. Or.
KA\owpof dock-tailed ; f r. k^Aoc docked, stunted -|- ovpa
tail.] One of two great circles intersecting at right
aoffles in the poles of the equator.
Wk'MM. (kSKsA), n. [F., fr. D. koottaad, prop., cabbage
seed ; kttol (E. cole) -\- goad (B. seed).] A cabbage whose
■eeda yield an illumuating and lubricating oil.
0 Oo^mtL (k5'm4), n. [Or. «M^ia lethargy, fr. Koifiav to
put to sleep.] A state of insensibUity.
D Ooma, n. [L., hair, f r. Or. k^i^.J 1. EuTelope of a
comet. 2. Bunch of branches or hairs on plants.
Ot/mMiB ('mtt), a. [L. comatus. It. comare to clothe
with hair, fr. coma Iiair.] Encompassed with a coma, or
Imshy appearance, like hair ; hairy. [panion. I
ChK-4Wt»' (kymit^), n. [Pref.co- + fiui/<;.] Acom-|
Oomm-tQM' (kS'mA-tSs' or k5m'-),Oo'llia-tOU(-taB),
a. [Fr. foma lethargy.] Droway; lethargic.
Oonib(k5m),n. [AS. camb.\ 1. A toothed instrument
for cleanalng and ad juating hair, wool, flax, etc. ; curry-
comb. 2. (Treat or caruncle on a cock*a head. 3. Crest
of a wave. 4. Waxen walls of the cells in which bees
store honev, eggs, etc. ; honeycomb. — v. t To cleanse
or adjust (hair, wool, flax, etc.) with a comb. » v. i. To
break with white foam, as wavei^. — Oomb'er, n.
OomaMt (kSm'bftt or kQm'bSt), v. t & i. [F. com-
battre ; pref. com- -\- batlre, L. battuere to strike.^ To
fight ; to oppose. — n. Struggle of no great magmtude.
Siagls oemhat, a dueL
Syn. — See Battle, Cortbst.
OomnMU-ABt (kSm'blt-iint), a. [F. combaltant,p. pr.]
Contending ; pugnaciouii. — n. One engaged in combat.
OomlMMT* (k5mn»It-Iv or k5m-bSt1v), a. Disposed
to combat ; pugnacious. — Oom'bAt-iT^-IIMl, n.
Ctam'bi-lUl'ttOII (-bl-nS'ahiiu), n. 1. A combining ;
union. 2. A uniting by chemical affliiity, by which sub-
stances unite in definite proportions to form distinct
compounds. 3. pi. Different arrangements of objects
into groups, without regard to order in each group.
Syn. — Alliance ; league ; conspiracy. See Cabai..
Ooai-bilie' (kSm-bin'), v. t. & i. [LL. combinare, -na-
tum ; L. com- -f- binu*, pi. bini, two and two, double.
See BiMABT.] To unite or join ; to coalesce ; to agree ; to
confederate. — Ckm-bllll'er, n. [operation ; jointly. I
Oom-blll'ed-ly (-9d-I]^), adv. in combination or co-|
Oombt&J (koming), fi. 1. Use of combs, to clean
hair, wool, etc. 2. pi. Anything caught or collected
with a comb. 3. pf> Coamings of a ship.
Oom-bllStl-ble (kSm-baytf-bU), a. [Y. ; fr. L. com-
burere to bum up ; com- -f burere (only in comp.).] 1.
Inflammable. 2. Easily kindled or excited ; fiery ; iras-
cible.—n. A substance liable to take fire and bum. —
Ooai-biis'ti-bl»-]iM»,Ooiii-biiB'ti-bfl1-ty (bTirr-ty), n.
Oom-bns'tton (-chlin ; 26), n. A buming.
Oomo (ktim), r. t'. {imp. Cams (kam) ; p. p. Comb
(kliin) ; p. pr. A vb. n. Comiko.] [AS cuman.j 1. To
draw near. 2. To arrive. 3. To appear. — Ckun'MT, n.
Oo-mo'dl-Bll(kft-mS'dT-an), n. 1. An actor in comedy.
2. A writer of comedy.
Oom'e-dy (kBmt-dy ), ». [F. comfdie ; Or. mt/ufiCa ;
Kw/uiof jovi^ festivity -f acidetv to sing.] An amusing
drama ; play terminating happily ; — opp. to tragedy,
Oomelir (kfimlj^), a. [AS. eymtlc; cyme suitable -f-
tlc like.] Pleasing ; well-proportioned ; proper ; agree-
able. — <7(fv. In a becominK manner. — OomofU-ness, n
Oo-mee'ti-ble (k*-m«9'tl-b'l), n. [F. ; fr. L. eomesiu,
comestus, p. p. of comedere to eat ; <v>m- -f- edere to eat.]
Eatable ; esculent. — n. Souji'tLLusr Hiik:i.blr t.» iHHDAtirji ;
— commonly in plural. i
Oom'et (k5m'6t), n. [L. ^'^^m^
te*, conieia, fr. Or. icofi^n^i -Mn't,
prop., long-haired, fr. mofin iiAir,
akin to L. coma.] A mem .> r nf i
the solar system, usually rv<<M>ii;
in an elongated orbit, and ciri j^t-
iiig of three parts : the niu-l'niH«
the envelope, or coma, ai> i (he
tail. -0om'et-a-iy,0o-metl3^4. ' ^ ,
Oomitt (kfim'm), n. [F. con- ^"'«*-
Jit, prop, a p. p., fr. conjlre to preserve, picklp, fr. L. con-
ficere to prepare ; con- -f- facere to make.] A dry sweet-
meat ; a confection. —r. /. To preserve dry with sugar.
Oom'fl-tllTe (-fT-tttr ; 40), n. [F.] A comfit.
Oom'fort (-f^rt), V. t, [L. confortare to strengthen ;
con- -^-/ortiM strong.] To impart strength and hops to.
Syn. — To Comfobt; Console; Solace: cheer; re-
vive : encourage ; enliven ; invigorate ; inspirit ; gladden ;
exhilarate ; refresh ; animate ; confirm : strpmethen. —
Console signifies the giving sjrmpathetic reli<?t to the
mind under affliction or sorrow, romfnri points to relief
afforded by communication of positive pleasure, hope, and
strength, as well as diminution of pain. To sofnre denotes
the using of things to afford relief under suffering.
fftrn, reoent, drb, ryda, f ^, Om, food, fo^t, ovit, oil, cbair, bo, sins, iQk, tben, tbin.
COMFORT
118
COMMIX
(kttm'fSrt), n. 1. Encoarasement ; th«t
which ftfforda conaoUtioD. 2. A state of quiet enjoy-
ment, or whatever coutributee to it. 3. Unlawful sup-
port or encouragement.
OomfOft-A-llle, n. 1. Affordinff comfort or conaol*-
tlon ; cheering. 2. In a condition cl comfort ; contented ;
cheerful. — n. A quilted coverlet for a bed. — Oomfort-
ft-1il*-iMM, n. — Oomfort-«-1il]r, adv,
OomfOft-er, n. L One who comforts. 2. The Holy
Bpirit. 3. Woolen tippet. 4. Waddt»d bedquilt. [U.S^
Oou^tati-lmu, a. without comforts ; in distress.
Oom'Iroy (-frj^), n. [L. con/erva^ fr. con/ervtre to
boil together, to heal.] A plant, whose mucilaginous root
yields a decoction used in cougli mixtures, etc.
CkmlG (kSmlk), Oom10-al, a. [L. comictu pert, to
comedy.] 1. Relatinff to comedy, as distinct fr. tragedy.
2. Causim; mirth ; ludicrous. — Oooi'l-eall-ty, n.
Srn. — BeeDBOLL.
Oomlng (kCLmTitg), a. Approaching ; the next. — u.
1. Approach ; advent. 2. The Second Advent of Christ.
Oooi'l-ty (k5m^-t]p), n, [L. eomiUu^ fr. comu cour-
teous.] Mildness and suavity of manners ; civility.
OomlBA (-mi), n. [L., part of a sentence, comma.
Of. K6titia clause, fr. xovrtiv to cut off.] A cliaracter
[,]marking the amallet»t divisions of a sentence.
Oom-lllJUld' (-mind' ; 6^, v. t. [L. com- •+■ mandare
to commit to, to commana.] 1. To order with author-
ity. 2. To have control of ; to have at one's disposal ;
to lead. 3. To have within a sphere of control, access,
or vision ; to dominate by position ; to overlook. 4. To
obtain as if by ordering : to receive as a due ; to claim. —
r. i. 1. To have direct authority ; to govern ; to give
orders. 2. To have a view, a« from a superior position.
Syn. — To bid ; order ; dictate : charge ; govern.
— n. 1. An authoritative order. 2. rossea«ion or exer-
cise of authority ; power or right of controL 3. Power
to dominate, command, or overlook by means of position ;
scope of vision. 4. A naval or military force or post, or
the whole territory under control of a particular officer.
Syn. — Control ; power; authority; rule: sover-
eignty : order ; injunction : charge. Bee DntBcnoK.
Ooat^nuui-dailt' (kSm'min-diintO, n. [F., orig. p. pr.
of eommander.'] A commander; commanding officer.
Oom-maild'er (kSm-m&nd'Sr), n. 1. One who has
supreme authority; leader; chief officer <rf an armv or
dirisiou of it. 2. A naval officer next below a captain.
Syn. — Bee Cmsr.
Oom-iiuuid'er-ir {-S), Oom-manA'rf, n. 1. A dis-
trict subject to a member of an order of knights called a
eoinmnfifter ; — called also a preceptory. 2. A lodge of
Knights Templars among Freeroaaons. [27. 5.]
Oom-nuUMlllfft <>• 1- Exercising authority. 2. Fitted
to control. 3. Exalted ; having strategic advantages.
Syn. — Authoritative ; imperative; imperious.
Oom-nuuid^eilt.n. 1. An order; mandate. 2. One
of the ten laws given by God at Mount Sinai.
Oom-maas'lir-a-ble (-mexh'ttr-&-b'l), a. Having the
same measure ; commensurate ; proportional.
Oom-mem'O-imte (-mfim'ft-rSt), r. /. [L. eommemo-
rare, -ntum^ to remember; eom- -\- memorare to mention,
fr. memor mindful.] To call to remembrance by a spe-
cial observance ; to celebrate with honor and solemnity.
— Oom-morn'o-n'tioii. n. — Oom-mem'o-ni-ttw, Oom-
mem'o-ra-to-iTt "- — Ckm-meiii'o-im'tor, n.
8yn. — See Celebrats.
Gnm-meiice' (-mfiua'), r. /. Si i. [F. commenctr^ It.
L. com>- -h inilinff to begin. See iNTriATK.] To begin.
Oom-mence'meilt, n. [P.] l. Origin; beginning.
2. Day when colletres and univeniitiea confer degrees.
Oom-meild' (-mSnd'), V. t. [L. commendnre ; com-
i mam/are to command.] 1. To give in charge for care.
To recommend ; to praise. — Oom-mMld'a-ble, a. —
Oom-BiMid'a-Ue-iMM, n. — Oom-maid'A-bly, adv. —
Oom'men-dalloii, n. — Oom-iiMiid'a-to-ry, a
I'ra-im-llle (-m6n'shn-ri-b*I), a. [Ucommen-
mrabilii.'] Havingaoommoo maarare. — <
n-Ull^y (kOm.mfti'ihv.ri.bnT-tj^), n.-€
■n-n-ldy, adv.
Ooai-aiMI'ra-rat«(-rit),«./. To reduce to a c
measure; to adjust.— a. Having a oommon measure;
proporticmate. — Ooni'4MB^ni-rats4T, (idv.
OOB-mMfra-imtlOllC-ri^shan),!!. Acommensorathig
or being commensurate.
Oom'aMBt (kSm'mftit), v. i. [L. eommentari to
meditate upon ; com- 4- root of meminisfe to remember.]
To explain. — n. A remaiic or criticiam
Oom'lBMI-U-rT (-mSn-tt-ij^), n. 1. A series of com-
ments or annotauons. 2. A Inrief account of ereuts ; a
memorandum ; — usually in pi, [commrats. I
Oom'flMB-tft'tar (-tl'tir), Oom'BMBrer, n . One who I
Oom'lBtfOt (-mSrs), n. [F. ; L. commercivm ; com-
-f men merchandise. J 1. Exchange of commodities ; ex-
tended trade. 2 Social intercourse. — Oom-Bltr'elfti
(-mSr'shal), a. — OOB-IMt'Ofad-ly, adv.
Srn. — Trade; traffic; dealings; intercourse.
CKMI'ml-IUl'tlOll (kSm'mT-ni'shtln), n. [L. commima-
tio^ fr. com- •+■ mi$uiri to threaten.] A threat. — Oon-
mln'a-to-ry (-mTn'i-tft-ri^), a.
Oom-Bda'cle (-mTe^gl), v.t.&i. To mingle or Uend.
Oom'tal-nilt* (k5m'mY-nut), v. L [L. eomminmerey
-minuittm; cotn^ -j- minuere to lessen.] To reduce to
minute particles ; to grind. — OOBI'IBl-liallom, n.
Oom-mil'er-AtO (-mls'Sr-It), v. t. [L. eommiserarij
•ratus; eom- -f miterari to pity.] To feel sorrow or re-
gret for ; to pity. — Oom-Bilrer^llon, n. — OoB-ate'-
•r-«-ttv« (,-A-tTv), a. - fkm-vAMfn-fVK (•i'ter}, A.
Syn. — Tb pity ; compassionate; lament; condole.
Oommls-M'ri-Al (kSm'mTs-sa^rl-al), a. Pertaining
to a commissary.
Oom^nto^Mni-at (-It), ». [F.] (o) Supply of armiea
and military ports. (6) Officers cbuved with such aerriceu
fTnm^W ■■ IT (*>'^-rJ^>« *>• [I^ commi$$ati!Ut, fr.
L. commiUere^ -mistum^ to commit.] 1. One charged with
some duty ; commissioner. 2. An officer who provides
food for troops or a military post.
Oom-ate'SiOB (-mTsh'lin), n. [F., fr. L. eommiuio,']
1. A committing, doing, or performing. 2. A charge ;
instructi<ms how to execute a trust. 3. A warrant grant-
ing powers to perform certain duties, or conferring rank.
4. A company of persons joined in executing some trust.
6. (o) Something to be done for another. (6) Allowance
to an agent for transacting business.
Syn. — Charge ; warrant ; authority ; office ; trust
— r. /. To give a commission to ; to empower or author*
ise. — Oom-mls'sioB-w, n.
Syn. — To appoint ; depute ; authorise : empower.
llOom-mlS'SiOB-ltfll*' (kSm-mTsh'Qn-tr'; F. \i.t-mP-
8y*-nErO»n [F.l 1. An agent. 2. A guide.
Ooiii'klllS-«im(k5m'mT-8hnr or kSm-mish'vr ; 40, 41),
n. [L. commitsura a joining together.] 1. A joint or
closure; cleft or juncture. 2. Une of junction.
Oom-mlf (k5m-mTf ), v. t. [L. committere^ -mUtum ;
eom- -h mittere to send.l 1. To give in trust ; to con-
sign. 2. To imprison. 3. To perpetrate (a crime, sin,
etc.). 4. To pledge or bind ; to compromise (one*s self ).
Syn. — To CoMMrr ; Iktbtot : Cohsioii.— Commit may
express only the general idea of delivering into the chsrae
of another, or it may mean the intrustmg to a superior
power, or to a careful servant, or consigning, as to writing
or paper, to the flames, or to prison. TTo mirutt denotes
the committing in the exercise of trust To eontign is to
put the thing transferred out of one*s own control.
Oom-mltlnaiit. Ckmi-iiitftal, n . 1 . A putting in charge
or trust ; a committing to prison. 2. Warrant to imprison
a person. 3. A referring to a committee for report 4.
Perpetration of a crime or blunder. 6. A pledging or en-
gaging ; a compromising ; a being pledgea.
Oom-mlt^Oa (-tl), n. [LL. eomitatu* jurisdiction.]
A body of persons appointed to attend to any buslnesp.
Oom-mlx' (-mlks'), r. ^ & i. [Vref. eom- -^ mix.'} To
ft, e, 1, 5, G, long ; A, «, T, 5, 0, tt •^ort ; aenilte, dvent, tdea, 6bey, Unite, c4re, jirm, Ask, f^ll, fnaL
COMMIXION
119
COMPARABLY
mix toffethor; to blenU. — Oom-mizioil (kOm-mTk'-
•hau), OoOi-inlx'tim (-mTka^ttr), w.
Oom-BOdS' (kSm-mSd'), n. [F., fr. L. com- -f modu$
meuaref mode.] A {Nece of forniture of variotu kinds.
Oon-iniKdl-OUi (-iu5'dT-1iB), a. [LL. commodionu.']
Adapted to its use or to ueoassitiea ; conveuient.
Sm.— CooTenient: fit; propor ; useful; apacioua.
OOB-IBOdl-ty (-mSdl-tj^), n. [F. cftmmodiiS coo-
▼eniencef fr. L. commodita*.'} Ttiat which affords con-
Tenienoe or profit ; goods, wares, produce, etc.
Oomfmo-dors' (kom'mo^Sr'), n. [Prob. corruption of
eommander.] A naval officer commanding a squadron.
OOBlnoil (-mlin), a. [OB. & F. commun^ fr. L. com-
munis ; com- -f munU ready to be of sendee ; cf. E.
mran low, common.] 1. Belonging equally to more than
one. 2. 0«ieral; public. 3. Often met with; usual.
4. Not distinguished or exceptional ; ordinary.
Cl— nnw eonell, the representatiTe (legi^latiye) body,
or lower branch of the representative body, of a munic-
ipal corporation. — Oonaoa gsadsr, the gender comprising
words that may be either masculine or feminine. — Oon-
■on law, law receiving its binding force from immemo-
rial nsase and universal reception ; — distinguished from
statute law. — Ootiihwi bovb, the name of any one of a
class of objects, aa distinguished from a proper noun (the
name of a particular person or thing). — OoasMm pkas, a
eoort for trying civil actions. In the United States, it
has sometimes both civil and criminal iuriBdi<;tion. —
OoflUMB praysr, the liturgy of the Protestant Episcopal
church. — Ooauun sehool, a school maintained at the public
expense, and open to aU. — Owen ssajs, sound Judgment.
8yn« — General : public : popular; national; univer-
sal ; frequent ; customary; lamifiar ; vulgar ; mean ; trite;
commonplace. Bee Mutual, OBOiHAmT, OsinntAL.
— n. A tract of ground for use by the public— v. i.
1. To have a Joint right 2. To board together.
Cknt^flMMMIC* (-IJ), n. Riffht of pasturing on a com-
mon ; right of using anything In common with others.
Ooat^toOtt-al-tf (-Sl-tj^), n. lOF. communaUS.'} The
eommoo people ; classes below the rank of nobility.
Ooail'telMI-«r, n. 1. One of the commonalty. 2. A
member of the British House of Commons. 3. One who
has a joint right in common ground.
Oonfinoil-ly, adv. Usually ; generally ; ordinarily.
Ooot'kMnillMl, n. 1. The being common or usuaL
2. Triteness; meanness.
Oom'BMII-plAOO' (-pU^)t <s. Common; ordinary.—
». 1. An idea or expraaaion wanting originality or inter-
est ; a platitude. 2. A memorandum.
Oorn'mOBSC-roOns), n.p/. 1. The mass of the people,
aa disting. fr. the nobility. iEng.'] 2. House of Com-
mons, or representative house of tlM British Parliament.
3. Provisions ; food : fare, provided at a common table.
OomlBOB-woaltlK (-mCUi-wnth^), Oom'aioii-weal'
(-wiK), n. iCommon -f tcealth or treo/.] 1. A state ;
body politic. 2. People of a state ; the public.
Syn. — State ; realm ; republic.
Oom-aolUMl (-mS'shttn), n. [L. e(mmolio.'\ 1. Dis-
turbed or violent motion. 2. Popular tumult ; disturb-
ance ; riot. 3. Agitation ; heat ; excitement.
Hyn. — Excitement ; disturbance ; tumult ; disorder.
Oom'ttll-lial (-md-n<il), a. Pertaining to a commune.
Oom'Bni-lial-lSIII (-Ts^m), n. A French political doc-
trine that each commune forms a state independent of the
national government ; — not to be confounded with com-
mnnitm. — Oom'iiiii-aal-lst n. — Oooi'iini-iul-ls'tlo, a.
OOB-mmM' (k5 n-mun'), v. i. [OP. communier^ fr.
L. communicare to communicate, fr. communis com-
mon.] 1. To converse together familiarly ; to take
cownJel. 2. To receive the communion or Lord's supper.
OOB'lBIUIIt (kSm'mnn), n. Communion ; sympathetic
intercourse between friends.
Oon'onDM, n. PP., fr. commnn. See Common.] 1.
A small territorial district in France under a mayor and
municipal council ; inhabitants, or government, of such
a district. 2. Absolute municipal self-government.
ChMC-Bni'lll-ea-llle (kSm-mu^nl-kA-bl), a. Capable of
being communicated, or imparted.
Oan-ani'lli-oailt, n. [L. eommunieaas, p. pr.] A
partaker of the sacrament of the Lord's supper.
OOB-mil'Bl-oato (-kit), v. t. [L. communicare^ -co-
Ittm, to communicate, fr. communis.'} 1. To impart ; to
convey. 2. To make known ; to recoimt.
Stii. — To CoMMumcATB ; Impabt ; Rxvsal ; bestow ;
confer ; disclose ; tell ; announce ; recount : make known.
— Communtm/r denotes the allowing of others to partake
in common with ourselves. JmparttB to give to others a
part of what we had held as our own, or make them our
partners. To reveal is to disclose something concealed .
— r. i. 1. To participate ; to possess in common. 2. To
have intercourse or be the means of intercourse. 3. To
partake of the Lord's supper ; to commune.
Oam-oni'lli-Oftlloa, n. l. A communicating. 2. In-
tercourse ; c<mference. 3 Means of passing from place
to place ; a connecting passage. 4. Intelligence ; news ;
a message. 6. Participation in the Lord's supper.
Syn. — Correspondence ; conference ; intercourse.
Oam-onilli-ea-ttT* (-mu'nT-ki-tTv), a. Inclined to
communicate. — Ooni4ll1l'lll-eA-tlT«-liess, n.
Ooai-nnmflOII (-mun'y fin), n. [L. communio. See Com-
mon.] 1. A sharing. 2. Intercourse. 3. Bodv of Chris-
tians of one faith and discipline. 4. The Lord's supper.
Syn. — Share: participation; fellowship; converse;
intercourse; unity; concord; agreement.
Oomlmi-lllfllll (kSm'mtt-nTz'm ), n. A scheme to equal-
ise social conditions, and distribute wealth equally to alL
Oom'mu-lllst, n. An advocate of communism. —
Oont^mu-iils'tlo, a.
Oom-mn^-ty (-mu'nl-tj^), n. [L. communitas.'} 1.
Common possession or enjojrment. 2. Body of people or
animals livinff in the same place under the same c<mdi-
tions. 3. Bodetv at large ; a commonwealth ; the public.
Oom-ntllt'a-bW (-mu't4-b'l), a. Capable of being com-
muted. — Oom-flmfa-Ud-liess, Oom-mii'tA-lilll-ty, n.
Ooai'ma-tatlOll(-mtt-ti'sh&n),n. [F.] 1. Exchange.
2. Ciiange of a penalty or punishment by the power of
the state. 3. Substitution of a less thing for a greater ;
MO., a substitution of one form of payment for another.
Ooin-mafa-tt¥« (-mu'ti-tlv), a. ReUUve to exchange ;
interchangeable; reciprocal.
Oooi'aui-ta'tor (kSm^mtt-tS'tSr), n. An electrical ap-
paratus to change the direction of a current.
Ckmi-IBIItO' (kOm-mut^), v. t. [L. commutare, -latum ;
conk- -f mutare to change.] To exchange ; to put some-
thing else in place of, or a single thing for an aggregAte.
— V. i. 1. To bargain for exemption. 2- To pay in gross
' ^ -' part by part. —Oom-mut'er, n.
■pMf (kom-pikt'), a. [L. compingere, -pactum^
to unite ; com- -f panperr to fix.] 1. Closely united ; firm ;
solid ; dense. 2. Brief. — r. /. To unite firmly ; to con-
solidate. — Cknil-p«Otl]r, adv. — Oom-pact'iieas, n.
Syn. — Firm : close ; solid ; dense ; pithy ; sententious.
Oom'^BOt (k9m'pSkt), n. IL. compactum. See Fact.]
An ainreement ; covenant ; contract.
Syn. — See CovsNAirr.
Oom-panlOll (-pftn'van), n. [P. compagnon; fr. L.
com- ■\-panis bread/] One associated with others ; a com-
rade; partner. — Oom-pAllloII-llllp, n.
Syn. — Associate ; mate ; partner ; ally ; accomplice.
Oom-pu'lon-A-llle, a. Agreeable aa a companion.
Oom'pa-ny (k&m'pi-n]^), n. [F. compagnie,"] 1. An ac-
companving ; society. 2. A companion or companions. 3.
Assemblage of persons. 4. Guests, disting. fr. members
of a family, o. Association for carrjring on some busi-
ness ; corporation ; firm. 6. A fvubdivision of a regiment
of troops under a captain. 7. Crew of a ship. 8. Body
of actors in a theater.
Syn. — Assemblage ; society; group: troop; crew;
corporation; fraternity; partnership; union; party.
Oom'p«-im-1)le (k5ra'pi.r4-b'l), a. [F] Capable, or
worthy, of comparison. — Oom'lMI-ni-ldy, odr.
fSm, recent, 5rb, r||de, f^^ Am, food, f<^t, out, oil, ehalr, go, sins, ink, tlien, tHin.
COMPARATIVE
120
COMPLEXITY
Ooni'Ml'a^tV* (kSm-pir'^-tTv), a. 1. Pertaining to
oompuiBon. 2. Proceeding from, or by, couipariaon. 3.
RelatiTe ; not poeitiTe or absolute. 4. Expreaaing a gram-
matical degree greater or leas than the noaitive degree of
the quality denoted by an adjective or adverb. — ». Gom-
parative degree of adjoctirea and adverbs ; form ezpreaa-
ing the comparative degree. —Oom-pfm-tiW-lj, adv.
Oom-part' (-ptrOt v. t. [L. eomparare ; com- -f par
equaL] 1. To examine qualities of (persous or thi^s)
to discover resemblances or differences ; to regard dis-
criminatingly. 2. To liken. 3. To inflect (adjectives) by
degrees of comparison. — v. i, 1. To be like or equal ;
to admit, or be worthy of, comparison. 2. To vie.
Syn. — To Compakb, Compass wrm. Compass to.
Things are compared irt/A e ich other to learu tlieir rela-
tive value or ezeelleiice. One tiling is compared to an-
other because of similarity between tliem.
Oom-murl-wm (-pSr^-stLu), n. 1. A comparing ; rela-
tive eatimate. 2. Illustration ; similitude. 3. hitiectiou
of an adjective or adverb, to denote degrees of quality or
quantity. 4. ▲ simile. 6. Phrenological faculty of per-
ceiving resemblances and contrasts.
Oom-paiflimit (-i^rt^ment), n. [F. compartiment ;
L. com- -{- partiri to share, vars, partu^ part.] Oue of
the separate parts of any inclosure.
Oom'pAM (ktim'pas), n. [F. eompnt^ It. LL. com- 4-
soMtMpace.l 1. A pasaiug round ; circuit. 2. luclosing
limit; boundary: circumference. 3. ib.-f ^j*"^ ^
Inclosed space; extent. 4. ReAch ; ^ >-^.i-r.?-.^
capacity ; s p h e r e. 6. Moderate ^ >
bounds ; due limits. 6. Range of 4»^ ^'
musical tones within the capacity of » J
a voice or instrument. 7- A magnetic ^ -^
instrument indicating the north. Jf-''
Ooasnass card, the circular card at-
tached to the needles used by miri-
Mariner*' Compsis.
ners in navigation.
— »'. /. 1. To go entirely round ; to
make the circuit of. 2. To inrloae on ail sides ; to encir-
cle ; to invent ; to besfesrp. 3. To accomplinh.
Oom'paaa-as, n. pi. Instrument for describing circles,
measuring flgures, etc. ^^\ /p>
Oom-paB'ston (k5m- R )) EJ
pIsh'Bii), n. [F., fr. L.
compntriOf fr. coin' -\-
oa/» to suffer.] A suffer-
ing with another.
Syn. — Sympathy;
commiseration ; fellow-
feeling. See Pmr.
(-tt), oT^Diaposed to CompoMw.
pity ; sjrmpathetic. ^ r. /. To svmpathixn with.
doill-pafl-We(-p«tT-b'l),fT. [F., fr. LL. compatibQU.
Bee Compassion.] Capable of oxhting in harmony.
8yn, — Consistent ; suitable ; agreeable ; accordant.
Oom-pA'tll-Ot (-i^'trT-5t), n. [LL. compatriotu* ;
com- -\-patriota a native.] One of the same country.
— a. Having a common sentiment of patriotism.
Oom-poer' (-pSr'), n. [L. eompar; com- -f- por
equal.] An equal, as in rank, nge, prowess, Pto. ; mate.
Oom-pol' (-p61'). t'. /, [L. rompfUerr^ -ptdsnm ; com-
-|- pellrre to drive.] 1. To drive or urge irresistibly. 2.
To force to jrield ; to overpower. — Oon-pella-ble, a.
8yn. — See Cosbck.
Oom'pal-latiOll (k5m'p«l-la'fih«n), n. [L. rompfUa-
tio, fr. compeUrre.^ Style of address ; appellation.
Oooi'poild (-pfind), T). A compendium ; summary.
Oom-pen'di-Oaa (-pSn'dT-Ils), a. [L. compendioxuf.]
Containing the substance of a subject in a narrow com-
pass ; summarized. — Oom-ptll'di-OIUhly, mlr.
Hjn, — Short ; summary : abridged : brief ; concise.
Oom-pMl'di-IIIIl, n. [L. com- -\- pendere to woi^h.] A
brief composition, abridging a larger system ; summary.
Syn. — See Abkidomknt.
Oom'pen-aat* (k5m'p6n-s£t), v. t. & t. [L. eompem-
tare, -satum.] 1. To make equal return; to requite
suitably. 2. To be equivalent to ; to make amaods for.
Hrn. — To recompense ; indemnify ; reward ; requite.
CKMI'PMI-Mlllon, n. 1. A compensating. 2. An
e<niivident ; that which compensates fur loaa or privation.
Syn. — Recompense ; reward : indemnification ; con-
lital ;
■{deration ; requit
; aatisf action ; set-off.
•to-ry
Oom-pMi'M-ttW ( • pSn ' s4 - tT V ), Oom-Mll'l
(•t<(-rj^), a. Serving for compensation ; making amendL
Oom-p«t6' (-pSf)i f. «• [L. competere, -petUvm ; com-'
-\-petere to seek.l To contend emulously ; to rivaL
Oom'pe-tMIM (-p^-trar)* I **• [P- compftence ; L. cam-
Oom'pe-tMI-oy (-t«n-«| ), ( petenlui agreement^ 1.
A being competent; adequacy. 2. Property sufBcieiit
for 01 IS fort, 3. {<i) Lii;^! capacity. (6) Right; power.
Oom'p0-Uztth **. \l\ \ LL. competfre to strive after
to^ i-n I ^^ r^ 1 a ijf ^ J! t. ] A uewering to all requirements ; fit.
Syn, - ^-" ^JrALirvn.
Com p« tl'tiQI]^tT'H]1'!l1l),n. Emulous contest
Kyii. - S.-.- Fwri-ATios.
Com pdVX tl v« 4 -[•«:' t tT v), a. Pertaining to comp»>
til i i ' r I ■ i: . r* .1 1 1 1 1 'in ^ 4 -ntu (wt ition.
Compel'* tor i -I &r J, It. [L.] A rivaL
GfJtn pi la'ttoa ( vT-li^Hh&u), n. 1. A compiling or
g.at)i4'riibg frMiii varioMi Kcrurces. 2. That which iscom-
pil' ^\, nrLiiHtl^^ rpiio iruiiti?Hals gathered from others.
Com pll«' ( - 1 n ' J , r ' [L. compilare to pillage ; com-
-\- piftif^ to jilunJf't. j T » put together in a new form out
of 1 1 1 -^ie r I 4h ii tr^^^d v t l ^ ng. — OOBI-pll'«r, ».
C«tti-pls'ceiit i i^Ut' ' Ml), a. [L. eomplncen* ; com- -f-
ph'rr^fi til ]iiU"jtH.] S'H -satisfied. — Oom-plA'oenoe,
Uom plA'cen-cf. n - Cktm-pU'ociit-ly, adv.
Com plain'' < j^ai/ . i . i. [F. compktindre ; L. eom-
-f -'t lol-^jit ti.i ireastin grief.] 1. To express
gi . , . .ijfi'itre^ etc. 2. 1 » accuse. — Odoi-plAlll'Cr, f».
Syn. — To repine ; grumble ; regret ; murmur.
Oom-pUiB'ant, n. l. Oue who complaina. 2. (a) One
making a legal complaint. (6) One suing in equity.
Oom-pUint' (-plinf), n. 1. Expression of grief, pain,
or resentment ; fault-finding. 2. Cause of complaining.
3. Ailment; disease. 4. A legal charge ; accusation.
Syn. — Lamentation ; murmuring : sorrow ; grief ; dia-
ease ; illness ; disorder ; malady ; ailment.
Oom'plai-Mmoe' (-plft-zXns'J, ». [F.] Disposition to
pleaM or oblitre : obligmg compliance with others' wishes.
Syn. — Civility ; courtesy ; suavity ; good breeding.
Oom'pUd-sanr (-zftntO, a. [F. See CoMPLACSXT.]
Desirous to please ; compliant. — OoOl'pIai-MUltly, adr.
Syn.— Courteous ; gracious ; well-bred. See Osuonro.
Oom'jlle-llieilt (-ple-iumt), n. [L. complemmlvm.l
1. Tliat which fills up or completes. 2. That which is
required to supply a deficiency, or to complete a sym-
metrical whole. 3. Full quantity, or amount ; complete
set — Oom^ple-menaal, Ctom'ple-meiila-ry, a.
Oom-plete' (-plSt')« «• C^. complere^ -piehim^ to fill
up ; com- 4- pjfrc to fill.] 1. Filled up ; with no part
lackinfT. 2. Finished ; ended. 3. Having all the botau-
i.^.^1 part«i or onrans which belong to the typical form.
Syn. - See Wholb.
^ r. /. To perfect ; to accomplish ; to fulfill ; to finish.
Syn. — To perform ; execute ; finish ; end ; effect ; ac-
complish ; effectuate ; fulfill ; bring to paas.
Oom-plete'ly, adv. in a complete manner ; fully.
Oom-IlletO'neU, n. The state of being complete.
Oom-ple'tlOIl (-ple'shlin), n. 1. A making complete.
2. The being complete ; fulfillment ; accomplisliment.
Ckmi'plex (-plfiks), a. [L. complrctu -plczits, to com-
prise: coin- ■\- plectere to twist.] 1. Composed of two
or more parts ; not simple. 2- Comp""
Syn. — See Intbicatb.
nplicattMl.
Oom-XlIex'lOll (-piek'HhQn), fi. [F. ; fr. L. compifxio.
See CoMPi.BX. n."] 1. Color of the skin, esp. of the face.
2. General appearance. - Oom-plexlOll-di, n.
Oom-plexl-ry(-pl8k«'T-ty),n. 1. State of being com-
plex. 2. That which is complex ; ^complication.
£, 9, 1, 5, a, long ; ii, £, I, 5, A, ^, ahort ; senfite, ^vent, idea, dbey, ttnite, c4re, firm, Aak, |(11, final.
COMPLEXLY
121
CON
r (kSiu-plQu/iy), adv. In aoomplez man-
; not dmply.
Oom-pli'aBM (k8m-pli'aii8), it. 1. A complying; a
yielding ; coooMUon. 2. Diapottition to yield to others ;
oomplJiance.~Ooai-^'ailtt o. — Oom-Illl'ftBt-ly, adv.
8yn. — Conoeiaion ; obedience ; execution ; aaaeut.
Oom^pU-CA-oy (-plT-k^-st), n. A being complicate.
O0B'pli*oatO (-kit), a. [L. eomplicare^ -catutn, to fold
together. See CoMPUO.] Composed of two or more parte
united ; complex ; invoiTed. — v. L To fold or twi«t to-
; to combine ao ae to make intricate or dilBcult. —
gether
'pU^uOtt-ly, adv. — OoaTpU-oato-iiMB, n.
OaatvUrOtL'UOia, n. A complicating or being compli-
cated ; uitricate relation of parta ; complexity.
0oni-9llol-€y (-pliyT-tj^), n. [F. complicUi.^ The
being an accomplice; participation in guilt.
OoOi'pll-meilt (-plT-ment), ». [F. ; fr. L. eomplere
to fill up.] Bxpreaaion of approbation, civilityf or ad-
miration ; a flattering attention ; a ceremonious greeting.
Syn. — See Aouuitioii.
— r. /. ^ L Tu E*r>- fl T i ratify.— Oom'pU-
men'U rr {in^naA i j j. .».
Si n. Tl> pTJiite ; tC4itar ; adulMtt' : commend.
Ch»in'pUa» j ( pLTikM'. {OtL \ <>?. eomplie, fr. LL.
Qatn'pJin I e&mfJHa ex^rc'jjK' i^ liich completes the
fklm^plOt rkniu'tiiat^, a. [F. j A plotting together.
Coxa plo^t' CkGiii-plAt'). p* tr & I To plot or plan to-
ffi^^tiirr ; Kit cauttpire ; to jdiu iii a an net design.
Com-^J' i-pii^)* f. i [Peril, fr. compliment.'] To
jit^Iil auenC ; to Acqtiiowe.
Ooat ptKfllDt (-pS'iirut },n, [ L. cf n xponen*. See Con -
roCTiTD.} CoiiuMjtiiiiiif ; L'otijititutiiitt. — n. An ingredient.
OOA-pnt*^ ('twrti'), r, I. [L- f:miifi.)rtare to bring to-
^Mh^r; mm- -^ p&rlarf to carry.] To agree; to suit.
■^ F, /. To ccmduct. — OOOI -pO(rl''m«At, n.
Oom poftr {['^i^'i.
ter; com- -{-poser
to I'lvn"-] 1, To pMt tcyi'tliet ■ to f:x-ihion. 2. To con-
stitute. 3. To adjust. 4. To quiet. 6. To arrange (types)
in a composing stick for printing ; to set (type).
Oom-pOMd' (-p9sd0« a. Free from agiUtion ; calm.
--OQlB-p(MK«d-l]r (k5m-p5z^-iy), adv. — CNUD-pos'td-
OoOi-pos'er (-pSz'Sr), n. 1. One who composes ; an
anthor, esp. of music. 2. Adjuster of a difference.
Oom-poannfft a, l. Tending to compose or soothe. 2.
Pertaining to composition.
Oom-pOilU (-pSsOrt), a. [L. componere, -poHtum.!
1. Made up of dUtinot parU;
compoanded. 2. Belonging to an
architectaral order compoMd of
the Ionic order grafted upon the
Corinthian. 3. Bearing inrolu*
crate heads of many small florets,
as the dUsy, thistle, and dandelion.
a which can
r a numb
6 by 2 or 3.
be divided exactly by a number
exc«edfaig unity, as 6 by 2 or 3.
Oom'po-li'aoil (-pif-zTsh'an),
[F. ; fr. L. eomporUio.'} 1. A
composing. 2. A being put to-
gether or composed ; combinition ;
adjustment. 3. A mass formed _ ^ -- , , . .
by combining other substances. Compodte Order (.lrc».).
4. A literary, musical, or nrtistio production. 6. Mutual
agreement to terms for settling a difference.
Oom-posl-tor (-pOzT-tSr), n. [L.] 1. One who com-
pose or sets in order. 2. One who sets type.
OOB'pOSt (-pSst), n. [OF., fr. L. compotiiu*^ p. p.]
A mixture for fertilizfaig land. — v. t. To manure.
Oom-po^inre (-pS'shdr), n. Calm; repose.
Ooa-pamid' (kSm-pound'), t'- t. A i. [L. componere,
•posUum; com- -f- ponere to put.] 1. To combine or
unite. 2. To change by combination with something else.
9. To settle ; to compromise.
Oom^mnd (kOa/pound), a. Composed of two or
more elements, ingredients, or parts; composite."— n.
1. Thing formed by mixtore. 2. Cltemical union of in-
gredients, forming a distinct substance.
OQai'pr»-linid'(-prt-hSndO. v. /. [L. eomprehendert,
'hentum ; com- -f* prehendere to grasp.] 1. To contain ;
to include. 2. To take in by implication ; to imply.
3. To take into the mind ; to understand.
Syn. — To contain ; include ; comprise ; embody ; in-
TolTe ; imply ; apprehend ; understand. See AmBHSND.
Ooilt^pr»-lMB'rt-Vle (-h«uM4)'l), a. 1. Capable of
being comprehended or comprised. 2. Intelligible. —
Oom'pre-lMii'rt-lito-iMM, Ooai'pr»-li«ii'rt-1itl'l-ty, n.
Ooilt^pr»-ll«ll'llOll(-hin'shan),n. L A comprehend-
ing, containing, or comprising. 2. Perception.
Ocmi'pre-lMB'liTe (-sTv),a. including much. — OOIC'-
pr»-ll«ll'liT»-l7. adv. — Oooi'pre-lMii'stTo-nMs, n.
Syn. — Extensive; wide; large; full; compendious.
Oom-prws' (kSm-prSs'), v. /. [L. eomprimere^ -pie»-
sum ; com- -|- premere to press.] To press together ; to
force into a narrower compass. — Ckm-pnn'or, n.
Syn.— To crowd ; squeeze ; condense ; reduce ; abridge.
Oom^rMMI (kSm'prSj), n. A pad used to cover the
dressing of wounds and make due pressure on any part.
Oom-pnnl-tlle (-prShl-bU), a. Capable of being
compressed.— Oom-pTMSl-llto-IIMM, OOBi-pfll-llil^
1-ty. f. [iii[r compiV*itf^l. j
Com pr Wllvfl ( ■ prSt*^ % ) . «. CompPeiiiUiig,
CotD pna^AUT* i-pr*#h'y.r ; KI}h h. Coii^t>r«4iLou.
0(^03 pll^C^ (-prM')i *'■ '- IT' compH*^ ctfmprun'tp, p^
of eo'»if^ri>>i>trf^ L. €vmptrhm*Ifr<r St'e CoMi^iLUtK}(u.]
T(n i^nij[>ri'*heiid: to Ir^clu^r. — Qou-ptlt^ali «
Hyn. ToembTare; include i lucloM i Lnvolvt'': iniiiiy,
OojD'promlM (liOHi'pT^'init), n. [L, rifrnpfOmwHrn
raiiiii'.iJ (ir-'iiuw t-> iUiijTf by im ikrhi^t'^devibUm, fr, i*tim*
-j- "■ ■ c.i 1 1- ■>::,! 1.^- 1. Alt fl[^n^+»n]r-Tit Lii u-liifli
mUi.u.U i.wliuv:a»4Uiu Otu iu-uio. 2. A iturruiidnT. — > r. /.
1. To adjust by mutual concessions ; to compound. 2. To
pledge by some act or declaration ; to put to hazard. —
V. i. To make concessions for peace.
Oom'pro-mlt' (-mTt^), v. t [L. compromiUere.'] 1. To
promise. 2. To endanger ; to compromise.
Oomp-trol' (k5n-tr51')« »• & «* • Control.
Ooilip-trol1«r (-ISr), n. A controller; a public oflt-
cer whose duty is to examine and certify accounts.
Ckmi-pill'llon (kSm-p&Kshiln), n. A compelling, or
being compelled ; constraint.
8yn. — See Cokstrahtt.
Oom-pill'liT* (-siv), a. Having power to compel ; ex-
ercising or applying compulsion. — Oom-pnl'llT^-iy, adv.
Oom-pal'BO-ry (-sd-rj^), a. 1. Constraining. 2. Ob-
ligatory; necessary.— Oom-Blll'BO-rl-ly, <Kfv.
Oom-p«llU/tlOll (-pfisk'shOn), n. [OF. ; L. compunc-
tion It. compungere^ -punctHm^ to prick ; com- -{-pnngert
to prick, sting. See Puhobkt.] A pricking of heart ;
sting of conscience. — Ckm-iranG'tlons, a.
Syn . — Com ruwcnoN ; Rbmorsb ; CowTBrnoH. — Re-
morse is anguish of soul under a sense of guilt. Com'
punrtion is pain from an awakened conscience. Neither
implies true con/rt/ton, which denotes self-condemnation
and repentance. See Riorbt.
Ckmi'pa-tA^Oll (-pfl-ti'shfln), n. 1. A computing. 2.
R'^nilt of computation ; amount computed.
Syn. — Reckoning ; calculation ; estimate ; account.
Oam-pilte' (-pui')* <*• '• [L. computare. See Couirr,
V. /.] To reckon ; to count — Oom-put'er, n.
Syn. — See Calculati.
Oom'rade (kSm'rid or -rtd), n. [Sp. eamarada^ fr.
L. eamara chamber ; hence, a chamber-fellow.] A mate,
companion, or associnte. — CkUll'rade-Slllp, n.
Oon (k5n), adv. [Abbr. fr. L. contra against.] Against
the affirmative side : in opposition; — antithesis of pro.
Ckm, V. t. [AS. cunnan to know, be able ; cunnian to
try, test. See Cak, v. t. Ai.] To study ; to memorize.
fSm, recent, drb, r^yde, f^, Urn, food, f<A>t, out, oil, cliair, go, siji^, ink, tben, tfain.
CON
122
CONCORDANTLY
Ckm (k6n), V. L [OE. eonduen, F. eonduir to conduct,
fr. L. condueere,'] To conduct the steering of (a Tesael).
00IHMlf*-llAto (-klt'<-nit), V. /. [L. concatenare,
-naium.'] To link together ; to unite hi a aeriee or chain.
— Ckm-Mf •-Bft'tlMIt n.
OOB'oaT* (kSn'kiv or kSo'.), a. [L. concavut; eon-
+ eatfut boUow.j Hollow and curved or rounded. — i».
Arched vault ; receea. — Ckm-CftTl-ty (kOu-kivT-tj^), n,
OoiHMal' (kte-OK), r. /. [L. conceiare ; eon- -f- celare
to hide.] To hide from observation ; to withhold knowl-
edge of. ~Ckni-oMl'a-U«, o. — Oon-oMd'mMit, ».
ojrn. — To CoircBAL ; Hiob : Disocub ; DiasBifBLB ;
BaaaTB; cover; screen. — To hide ia the generic term.
To conceal is not to make known what we wish to keep
appearance. To secrete U to hide in a secret place.
Ooo-Otda' (-^/^ ^'J' l^ concedere, -cessum ; con-
secret. To diMouUe or dissemble is to conceal by filse
Tosecreieit '' *^'^- ' *
. da f. <. .
4- eedere to yield.] 1. To yield ; to surrender. 2. To
grant, as a riglit or privilege. 3. To admit to be true ;
to acknowledge. — v. i. To make concession.
Syn. — To grant ; allow ; admit ; yield ; surrender.
Ckm-OOlt' (-sSf), n. [L. concepttUf fr. concipere to
conceive.] 1. That which is formed in the mind i idea ;
thought; conceotion. 2. Quickness of apprehension;
lively fancy. 3. Extravacant notion; quaint fancy;
witty thought ; whim ; quip. 4. An overweening idea
of one's sell ; vanity. — v. /. To conceive ; to imagine.
Ooa-OOlt'6(A} a, Entertainhig high opinion of one*s
•elf.— Ooa-oof •d-ly. adv. — Ckm-oolt'ed-
-IJt w»v. I ^ ^
Syn. — Vain ; proud ; opinionated ; egotistical.
OOB-OtlT'a-bto (-kSv'A-b'l), a. Capable of being con-
ceived, imagined, or understood. — Ooa-CChr'a-llly, adv.
OoOHMtYV' (-t>5v0» <*• '• [L. concipere ; eon- -\- capers
to seise.l 1> To receive into the womb and b^n to
breed. 2. To form in the mind ; to originate. 3. To
comprehend.— f. t. 1. To become pregnant. 2. To
have an idea or opinion ; to think.
Syn. — To apprehend : imagine ; understand ; think.
Oon-oamter ) (-sen'tSr), v. i. & t. [imp. & p. p. Com-
Oon-OOatre i cbntkbed or -cbntkbd (-tSrd) ; p. pr.
•OBHTBRiHft (-tSr-Tug) or -cbkteino (-trTng).] [F. con-
eentrer^ fr. L. con- 4- centrum cent*»r.] To concentrate.
Oon-OMltnite (k5n-s8nnrit or kSn^Sn-). v. t. & i. 1.
To bring to, or meet in, a common center ; to gather into
one body, mass, or force. 2. To increase in strength
and diminiHh in bulk ; to condense. — Ckm'oeil-tra^tor, n.
Syn. — To combine ; to condense ; to consolidate.
Oon'oeil-tra'tlOll (-tri'ahQn). n. 1. A concentrating
or becoming concentrated ; condensation. 2. The redu-
cing the volume of a liquid, as by evaporation. 3. The
removing dross of ore and compacting the valuable part.
Ooa-OtBtni-ttVS (-eSntri-tl v), a. Concentrating. —
Ooa-ooatni-ttTe-iiMM, n.
Ooa-OtB'tzlo (-sSn'CrTk), a. Having a common center.
— OoiHwiitilo-Al-ly, ocfr.— Ooa'oeii-tric^-tF(*trTsnr-
Vi\ n, [a notion. I
Oon'Otpt (-s8pt), n. An abstract general conception ; |
Oon-captlOn (-sSp'shfin), n. [F. ; L. conrrpiio, fr.
concipere to conceive.! 1. A conceiving in the womb.
2. A being conceived. 3. Formation in the mind of an im-
age or notion ; apprebensi<Mi. 4. Image formed in the
mind ; notion ; judgment.
Ckm-Otm' (-Mm'), r. /. [L. eoncernere to mix togeth-
er, as in a sieve ; eon- + cemere to separate.] To relate
or belong to ; to interest, —n. 1. That which relates to
one ; affair. 2. Interest ; moment. 3. Regard ; anxiety.
4. A firm and its busineet.
Syn. — Anxiety ; businem ; moment. See Carb.
Oon-Otflllng, prep. Pertaining to ; regarding.
OoiHMni'BMnt (-ment), n. That in which one is con-
oemed ; affair : interest ; importance ; particifwtion ;
■olidtnde ; anxtoty.
Ooo-OCrf (k8o-e8rtO, r. /. & i. [F. eoncerter, L. eon-
-|- serere to join together.] To plan together ; to adjust
by agreement; to arrange.
O0B'O«t(k9tt's8rt),». [F.] 1. Agreement ins plan;
simultaneous action. 2. Harmony ; concord. 3. A mn-
sical entertainment.
Oon'Ofr-tftaa (-s^r-tC'ni), ». A kind of aocordion.
Ckm-OM'SiOB (-•Ssh'liiO, n. 1. A
conceding or yielding. 2. Unit which
is Ranted ; boon.
00ll-OM'ltTt(-8SB'sIv),a. Implying
concession.
lyfL^
ik9nk), n. [L. concAa, Gr.
^ A marine univalve sheU.
Concertina.
be external ear.
Ckni'0h0id(k5nnioid), n. [Or. icoyxo-
«**t* ; "^TX^ •*>«11 + «tto« form.] A peculiar geometrical
curve.
Ckm-olMld'Al (-kold'ol), a. Having elevations or de-
pressions like one half of a bivalve shelL
Oon-ollOl'O-nr (-kW'ft.jy), ». [CjncA + -Zo^.] Sci-
ence of MoUusca and their shells. — Ooil-«dUll'0-fliit n.
— Ckm'OllO-lOClO^ (.k«-15ja-kal), a, '-•-'•♦
II OOB'olerM' (keH^vytrsh'), n. [F.] A janitor.
00llr€lll-«to (k8n-slia-£t ; 26), v. f. [L. conciliart^
-atum, to unite.] To wfai over from a state of hostility ;
to nOn the good will of . — Ckm-C&t^tini, ». — Omi-
ofll-A-to-rr, a.
Syn. — To reconcile ; propitiate ; appease ; pacify.
Ckm-OftM' (-tli»'), a. [L. concisus cut off, short ; co%-
-f- caedere to cut] Expressing much in a few words ;
brief and compacted. — Ckm-dif'ly, adv, — OOB-clst'-
Syn. — See LAOomc, and Tbbsb.
OOB-oFsiOB (-sTzhlin), n. A cutting off : schism.
Ooa'dAT* (kSnOclSv or kSn'-), n. [L. conHare room
that may be locked ; con- 4- ctavis key.] 1. Rooms where
the Roman Catholic cardinals meet to chooae a pope. 2.
The bodv of cardinals. 3. A private meeting.
Ckm-dliao' (k5n-kludQ, r. t. [L. concludtre, -cltuum ;
con- -{- claudere to shut.] 1. To reach as an end of rea-
soning ; to close (an argument) hj inferring. 2. To deter-
mine ; to judge. 3. To end ; to finish. 4. To bring abont
as a result, —v. t. 1. To come to an end ; to terminate.
2. To reach a decision. — Ooo-Clvd'er, n.
Syn. — To infer ; decide ; determine ; finish ; end.
CWB-Ola'SiOB (-klft'shlin), ft. [F., fr. L. condusio."]
1. Last part of anything ; close ; end. 2. Final decision.
3. Inference or result of reasoning.
Syn. — Deduction ; end ; decision. See IvrsBBircs.
Oon-Cla'lhr* (-sTv), a. Convincing ; putting an end
to question ; involving a decision. — 0QII-4dll'Bt¥#-ly,
adr. — Oon-Cla'liTV-nMS, n.
Syn. — Final ; ultimate ; unanswerable. See FinaIh
OoB-OOOf (-k5kt0, V. t. [L. eoncoqvere, -coctum^ to
digest, mature ; con- -f roTrifretocook.] 1. To prepare
by combining different ingredients. 2. To digest in the
mind ; to contrive; to plot.— Oon-OOCfM', ».
Ckm-OOOHon (-kSk^shilu), n. [L. eoncoctio.] 1. A
concocting ; that which is concocted. 2. A digesting in
the mind ; planning or devising.
Ckm-OOOttre (-tTv), a. Digestive.
Oon-OOB^-Unt (-kSmT-tout), a. [F., fr. L. con- -|-
comitari to accompany, comes companion.] Accompany-
ing; conjoined; attending. —n. Que connected wiUk
another ; araociate ; accompaniment. — Oon-COMt-tftllt-
Xj.ndr. — Ckm-ooml-UnoOt Ooa-coiB'i-Uii-oy« *»•
Oon'OOld (kSnOcdrd), n. A large dark blue grape.
Oon'OOrd, n. [L. Concordia; con- -{- cor, cordis^
heart.] 1. State of agreement ; union. 2. Grammat-
ical agreement of words with one another. 3. A conso-
nant chord ; harmony.
Ooo-OOrd'Alloe (k9n-kfird'anA), n. [F. ; fr. IX. ooti-
cordaniia.'] X. Agreement; accordance. 2. A minute
verbal index to a work.
OOB-OOrd'ABt (-<nit), a. Agreeing; correspondent;
harmonious ; consonant. — ChHHMHvftBt-ly, adr.
a, e, I, G, a, long ; li, «, 1, 5, 0, 5*, short ; senftte, «vent, tdea, dbey, finite, cAre, lirm, Ask, |^1, fln«L
CONCORDAT
123 CONFECTION
Otm^m'dat (kSn-kdr'dlt), n [F.] An agreem«nt,
esp. one between the pope and a gOTernment concerning
eodeeiMtical matters.
OOtt^OOm— (kSiiHiOr*), n. [F. eoncourt^ fr. L. con-
enrrere to ran together.] 1. A moving or ruauing
together ; conflnence. 2. An aaaembly ; gathering.
Ooa^flWte (kSn^crSt), a. [L. eoncrescere^ -cretum, to
grow together ; con- 4- ereseere to grow.] 1. United in
rwth ; formed by coalition of partiolea into one mass.
Existing in a subject ; not abetract ; special. — n. 1.
A compoimd or mass formed by concretion of separate
particles in one body. 2. GnxTel, pebbles, etc., cemented
together, for sidewalks, roadways, etc. 3. A term in
logic, designating both a quality and the subject in which
it exists ; a concrete term.
OOB-orvte' (kSn-krSt^), v.i,&t. To unite in a mass.
Ooa-cnUon (•krS'shim), n. 1. A concreting or becom-
ing united into a mass ; solidification. 2. The mass itself.
Ooa-cre^ttVO (-t^^); ^* Promoting concretion.
Ooa'CQ-MM (kSn'ktt-bin), n. [L. coneubinn ; con- •{-
euboTt to lie down. J A woman who cohabits with a man
without being his wife. — Ooa-Ga1ll-lllS« (-ku'bl-nftj),
n, — OoB-Gu^il-iul, Oon-Gulil-iui-rTi a-
Ooa-<ni'^pli-€«Bt (k5j-ku'pTs-a«nt), a. [L. ctmcupiM-
cere to long for.] Having sexual lust ; libidhaous ; lust-
ful. — Oofoa'ns-ooiioe, n.
OdB-onr' (-kllr0« «• «• [L. eoncurrere to run together,
agree ; co»- -f- currere to run. ] 1. To meet in one point ;
to combine. 2. To act j[ointly ; to agree.
Syn.— To agree; oombme; coincide ; acquiesce ; aaasnt.
Ooa-cmfremod (-kQKr«ns), n. 1. A concurring; a
meeting or coming together. 2. Agreement in opinion ;
union in design or act. 3. Cooperation. 4. A common
right ; cirfncidenoe of equal powers.
OQn-car'rait, a. 1. Acting in conjunction ; cooper-
ating. 2. Conjoined ; associate. 3. Joint and equal in
authority. — n. 1. One that concurs ; a joint or contrib-
utory cause. 2. One seeking the same objects ; a rival.
— Oon-eiirliiiMy, ndv.
Ooa-eos^lion (-kfish'lin), n. [L. concussio^ fr. con-
etUere^ -custum^ to shake riolently.] Agitation ; shock ;
collision. —Oon-OBS'liTe, a.
Syn. — See Shock.
OOB-dtmil' (-dSm'). f . /. [imp. & p. p. CoNBunrBD
(-dSrodO : P* Pf* & ff>. n. CoKDBMimfo (-dSm'oTng or
-dimming). J [L. condemnare ; am- -}- damnare to con-
demn. See DAicr.] 1. To pronounce to be wrong ; to
pronoonce a judicial sentence against. 2. To adjudge
unfit for use or service. 3. To take for public use. — Oon-
dMB'lUI-ble, n.— O0ll-d«m'n«r (-dSm'nSr or •dSm'Sr), n.
Syn. —To blame ; censure ; reprove ; convict ; doom.
OOB'dMn-IUItlOII (-nS'shtin), n. 1. A condemning.
2. State of being condemned. 3. Reason for condemning.
OOD-dfliBl'lUI-tA-ry (-dSm'nA-t^-rj^), a. Condemning.
Ooa-dflO'n-bla (•den'sA-bU), a. Capable of being con-
densed. — Ooa-d«ll'M-1ltl1-t7t n.
OOB'dan-MltkMl (kSnMfin-si'shfin), n. A condensing ;
coosolidotion.
n'sa-tiT* (-s4-tTv), a. Tending to condense.
tUUf (-dJJns'), V. t. & i. [L. conderuare ; con-
-(- densare to make dense, detuiu thick, dense. ] To make
or become more close, compact, or dense ; to concentrate ;
to consolidate. —Oon-deiii'er, n. — Oon-den'sl-ble, a.
Oon'de-MMld' (kOn'dt-aSndO. r. t. [L. con- + de-
seendere. See DncBin>.] To waive one^s privileges of
rank or dignity ; to accommodate one's self to an inferior.
— Ooii-4»-soeBfl1ng-l]r, adv.
Syn. — To yield ; stoop ; descend ; deign ; vouchsafe.
OOB'dA-MeB'SiOB (-sSn'shfin), n. A condescending.
Oon-digll' (kBo-din'), a. [L. condignus very worthy ;
eon- -\- dianu* worthy.] Deserved ; adequate ; suitable.
— Oon-tflgiily, adv. — Ooa-dlgn'n«M, n.
OOB'dl-IBMIt (kOnMT-roent), n. [L. condimentum^ f r.
eendire to preserve, pickle.] Ssasoning for food.
Oon-OFtton (k5n-dTsh'fin), n. [L. eondUio; eon- +
root signifying to point out, akin to dicere to say.] 1.
State or sitimtion as to external circumstances. 2. Es-
sential quality ; attribute. 3. That which must exist as
tiie occasion or concomitant of something else ; essential
qualification. 4. A clause in a contract, modifying the
principal obligation.
Syn. — Circumstances ; station ; case ; plight ; predica-
ment ; stipulation ; qualification ; requirement ; article ;
provision ; arrangement. See Statv.
— V. i. To make terms ; to stipulate. — v. t. 1. To limit
by conditions. 2. To contract ; to agree.
Oon-dttiOll-Al, a. 1. Containing, or depending on, con-
ditions; not absolute. 2. Expressing a condition or sup-
position. — n. A conditional word, mode, or proposition.
— Oon-dl'tioii-Al-ly, adv.
Oon'dl-tO-IT (kon'dl-t^-rj^), n. [L. conditorium^ fr.
eondere to hide.] A repository for holding things.
Oon-dtflO' (k5n-d5l'), v. i. [L. condolere ; con- + dolere
to grieve.] To express sympathetic sorrow (uHth). —
OoD-dol'er, n. — Oon-dfflelneiit, Oon-doleiioe, n.
OOD-dono' (-d9n'), V. i. [L. condonare^ -natum^ to give
up, forgive ; con- + donare to give.] 1. To pardon. 2.
To overlook the oflFense of. — Ooa'ao-lia'tioo, n.
OOB'dor'(k8nM9r), n. [Sp., fr. Peruvian cuninr.] A
very large vulture of the highest parts of the Andes.
don-dlioe' (kSn-dus'), V. i. [L. conduccre ; con- -f-
ducere to lead.] To lead or tend ; to contribute. — Ooil-
dn'oeiit, Oon-du'dTt, Oon-da'ol-lde, a. — Oon-dn'ot-
ble-neas, Ooa-du'ol-liill-ty. Oon-dn'cive-iMas, n.
8yn. — To contribute ; aid ; assist ; tend ; subserve.
Ooo'dnct (kSn'dfikt^, n. [LL. comlucltu, fr. L. con-
duccre, -dtictum.2 1. A conducting ; guidance. 2. Skill-
ful management ; generalship. 3. Personal deportment ;
action. 4. Plot; construction.
Syn. — Carriaare ; deportment ; bearing ; management ;
g^ildance. See Bbravior.
Oon-duef (kSn-dOkV), v. L 1. To lead, or guide ; to
escort. 2. To direct ; to c^rry on. 3. To behave (one's
self). 4. To serve as a medium for conveying ; to trans-
mit (heat, light, electricity, etc), —v. t. To act as a
conductor (of heat, elwtricity, etc.) ; to carry.
OOD-dUCt'or (-diik'tSr). n. [LL., a carrier, L., a les-
see.] 1. One that conducts ; a leader ; guide ; director.
2. One in charge of a public conveyance. [U. S.} 3.
Leader of an orchestra or chorus. 4. A substance or
body capable of transmitting heat, electricity, etc ; llght-
ninsrod.
Cwa-dactlWW (-trSs), n. A directress.
Ckm'dnit (IcSn'dTt), n. [F., fr. LL. condvcOit escort,
conduit.] A pipe or passage for conveying water or fiuid.
Oon-dn'ViUHMite (-du'nlT-ktt), a. [L.
conduplicarct -cat urn. See Duflicatb.]
Folded lengthwise ; doubled together.
OOBO (kSn), n. [L. conus^ Qr. xwKOf -1
1. A soUd descril)ed by a right-angled
triangle revolving about a side adjacent
to the right angle ; a solid having a cir-
^. cular iMwe and tapering
to a point or vertex. 2.
The fruit or strobile of
the pine, fir, cedar, etc.
— r./. To render cone- '
shaped.
Oo^ney (k5'ny or
kttn'3^), n. A rabbit,
also a fish. See Comr.
Ooa-falKa-Ute (kSn-fSytt-iit), v. i.
[L. con/abulari, -lattis, to converse to-
gether ; con- -f /fibulari to speak. See
Fablb.] To t-xlk familiarly ; to chat.—
Oon-faVn-lalloii, n.
Oon-feotlon (-fJJk'shttn), n. [F., fr.
L. confectio^ It. eonficercy -fectum, to
Cone of Italian
Pine.
fCm, noeot, 6rb, ryde, f^ tUn, food, ftfbt, out, oil, oliair, go, sins, igk, then, thin.
CONFECTIONARY
124
prepare.] ComposiUon of fnilU, rooto^tOM with eogAr ;
■weetment. — Ooa-fMKtloa-A-rT (kOn-fik'shfin-t-rj^), a,
Oon-ftOtlOft-er, n. Dealer in confectiooe, etc
Oon-te&'tkm-W-y (-8r-j^ or -ir-f), n. 1. BweetmaaU ;
oaodiee. 2. Place where candiee, etc., are made or eold.
Ooa-ftd'er-«-ey (-fSd^r-4«J^)f ». l. A confederating
or confederation ; league for common action. 2. A com-
bination of persons to commit an unlawful act.
Syn. — League ; covenant ; compact ; alliance ; aaao-
danon ; union : combination : coalition ; confederation.
Ooa-ted'«r-«tO (-tt), a. [L. con/oederare^-ctum. to
loin by a league ; coi»- -\-/oedu* compact.] united in a
ieaffue.-»n. AUt ; accomplice. — r. t & i. Tobandto-
getber. — Oon-fod'«r-«tlOB« n. — OQB-ftd'«r^-ttT«, a,
Oon-ta' (-fSrO« V. /. [L. oon/errt to bring together,
consult; eon- +/r'^^ to bear.] TograntasapossMsi<m;
to bestow. — r. t. To consult ; to compare news.
Sjn.,— To counsel ; adrise ; disoourse : converse.
> (k5u'l8r-nM), n. TF.] 1. A consulting
formally ; iuterchauge of views.
L meeting for con-
sultation, action on church nwtters, etc.
II Ooa-inr^ra (-fSr'vA), n, ; pi. -vjt (.v«). [L., a
plant.] A plant of the fresh-water algie.
Oon-fSflS' i-(^h V. I. & i. [F. con/euer^ fr. L. eon/U
teri, '/etttu; con- -^/ateri to confess.] 1. To acknowl-
edge or avow ; to own or admit. 2. To profess belief
in. 3. (a) To make known (one*s sins to a priest) in
order to receive absolution. (6) To receive such confes-
sion. 6. To prove ; to attest.
Syn. — To Cohtsss; Acbnowlboob ; Avow; admit
: recofniize: prove; attest.
conceal. Wf '
grant ; cmioede : own . ^ ^~
— Acknowledge is opposed to conceal. We acknowledge
what we feel ought to be made known. Avow Is opposed
tovnthhold. We atx>u' when we make a public declaration
as against obloquy or opposition. Confe** \b opposed to
deny. We confeu what we feel to have been wrong.
Ooa-fiM'«d-l]r, adv. By confession ; without denial.
OOB-IOM'er, n. One who makes a confession.
Oon-fM^lon (-fSsh'Bn), n. 1. A confessing ; avowal ;
admission of a debt, obligation, or crime. 2. Acknowl-
edgment of belief ; profession of one*s faith. 3. The
dlMloaing sins to a priest, to obtain absolution. 4. A
formulary comprising the articles of one*s faith.
Oon-fM'slOB-al, n. [F.] Place where a priest hears
confessions. — a. Pertainhig to a confMsion of faith.
Oon-f0M'or (-fSySr), n. [OF., L., 8t LL.] 1. One
who confesses ; a follower of Christ who endures persecu-
tion for his faith. 2. A priest who hears tlte confessions
of others and may grant them absolution.
OoafUdanr (kSn^fT-dlntO. n. m. \ [OF.] One to
Oon'fl-dant*', »./. ( whom secrets,
esp. affairs of love, are intrusted ; a confidential friend.
OOB-flde' (-f!d'), r. t [L. confidere ; con- -f Jldere to
trust.] To put faith (<n) ; to repose confidence ; to
trust. — r. /. To intrust ; to conunit to one*s keeping.
Oon'fl-dMloe (kSn'fT-dras), n. 1. A confiding or put-
ting faith in ; reliance ; belief. 2. That in which faith
is put. 3. 8elf-relianre ; assurance of security. 4. Pri-
vate conversation ; (p/.) secrets shared.
Syn. — Trust ; assurance ; expectation ; hope.
OonH-dMlt, a. [L.eony7^ffn«, -en/w,p.pr.] 1. Assured
beyond doubt ; sure. 2. Trustful ; without fear or sus-
picion. 3. Having self-reliance ; bold. 4. Having an ex-
cess of assurance ; doffmatlcal ; presumptuous.
Oon^fl-den'tlal (-dSn'shal), a. 1. Enjoying, or treated
with, confidence ; tniAtworthy. 2. Communicated in
confidence ; secret. — OOB'fl-deil'tlal-ly, adv
Oonft-dent-ly, ndv. With confidence ; positively.
OoD-flg'iire (-fTg'dr), Ckm-flc'iir^te (-it), r. t. [l.
eonjlgurare^ -atum^ to form after ; con- 4- figttra form. ]
To take form ; to match a pattern.— Oon-nCn-ni'tloil, n. i
Ooa-ftlM' (kSn-fInO, f. /. [F. con finer to border upon,
L. con- ^ finis boundary, end.] To restrain within lim-
its ; to shut up ; to keep close. — Ooo-flB'A-llle, a. !
Syn. — To bound : limit ; imprison : inclose ; restrict. I
CONFUSE
(kSn'fIn), n. Common boondary ; limit.
"BMBt, n, 1. Imjpriaonment; seclusion. 2.
Restraint within doors by sickness, esp. from childbirth.
Oon-llnB' (-fim/), r. /. [L. con- -\-firwiare to make
firm, U.firmus firm.] 1. To make firm or firmer ; to add
strength ta 2. To corroborate. 3. To render valid by
formal assent. 4. To administer the rite of confirmatioii
to. — Ooa-flm'er, n. — Oon-fini'ft^to, a.
Syn. - To strengthen ; fix ; ratify ; verify ; aasore.
Ckm'ttr-aoUoil (kfin^fSr-mi'sh&n), a. [F.] 1. A
confirming or strengthening; ratifyug or sanctioning.
2. That which gives new struigth ; convinchig testimony.
3. A ohnrch rite sapplementai to baptism, which admiu
a person to the full privileges of the church.
Oon^lnB'a-ttW (-fSrm'44lv), o. Tending to confirai.
Oom-OimftL-t^Tf (-t^ry), a. 1. Serving to confirm ;
corroborative. 2. Pertaining to the rite of eonfirmatlon.
Ooafflbl-«ftt« (k5n'fTs-kit), a. [L. confiscare^ -fitca-
tnm^ to confiscate, prop., to lay up in a chest ; cvn- -f
JUcu4 basket, treasury.] Seised and appropriated by the
government to the public use; f orf elted. — r. /. To
seiae as forfeited, and approprhvte to public use. — OOB-
fls'oft-lito (-n^kA^bn), o. — Ckm^fls^^tkn (-Hs-kr-
shllu), n. — Ooafis-oa'tar (-ki^tSr), n.
Ooa^fU-fimtlOII (-fiA-gri^shfin), n. [F. ; L. coii/fa-
gratio."] Afire on a great scale.
OOB'lllOt (kSn'flTkt), n, [L. confiigere, -flidum, to
strike together, to fight.] 1. A dasliing together ; colli-
sion. 2. A strife for the mastery ; hostile contest.
Syn. — Contest ; collision ; straggle ; combat ; strife ;
c<mtention; battle ; fight ; encounter. See Covtbt.
Oon-lllot' (kte-fiTktOt r. t 1. To strike together ; to
meet In violent collision. 2. To maintain a conflict ; to
engage in strife. 3. To be in opposition.
Syn. — To fight ; contend ; rasUt ; struggle ; strive.
Oonflll-aiioe (-flfi-ens), n, [L. confiuentia ] 1. A
flowing together ; junction of streams ; place of i
Ing. 2. A meeting and crowdhog in a place ; oonconrae.
Oon^U-^llt, a. TL. confluent^ -entity p. pr. of confluercy
-JIuxum ; con- + fiuere to flow j 1. Flowing together ;
running one into another. 2. Blended into one, as parts
of plants. 3. Running together or uniting, as pustules.
— n. A small stream flowteg into a large one.
Oonllu (-fl&ks), n. [L. confiuxusy p. p. See Con-
FLUBKT.] 1. A flowing together. 2. A crowd.
Cton4onB' (k8n-f8rm^, v. /. [L. eomformare^ -mafttm ;
con- -I- forma form.] To make like; to bring into
agreement with.— V. i, 1. To accord; to comply. 2.
To be a conformist. — Ooa-fom'cr, n.
Oon-fOim'a-llto, a. 1. Correspondmg In form, chai^
acter, opinions, etc. ; consistent ; proper. 2. Disposed to
compliance. — Ckm-fornfa-lilA-iiMi, Ooa-fonfa-lilll-
ty, n. — Oon-ton&'a-bly, adv.
Ooo'for-BUItlOII (kSn'f 5r-roS'sh&n), n. 1. A conform-
ing ; a producing conformity. 2. Agreement ; structure.
Oon-lonilllt (-fOrmTst), n. One who complies ; one
who cmiforms to the Established Church.
Ckm-fOtml-ty (-T-ty), n. Correspondence in form,
manner, or character ; agreement ; congrulty.
Oon-fomid' (-foundO, v. /. [F. con/ondre^ fr. L. con-
fvnderCt -fusum; con- -f- fundere to pour.] 1. To
mingle and blend ; to confuse. 2. To mistake for an-
other. 3. To throw Into confusion ; to amaxe.
Syn. — To confuse; dismay; mix; blend. SeeAaasn.
Oon-fOOBd'ed, a. l. Confused ; perplexed. 2. Ex-
cessive ; abominable. [Colloq.}— Ooil-f0IIBd'«d4y, adv.
Oon'fn-ter^-ty (k5n'f ri-tSr'nT-tj^ ), ft. [LL. eon/ra-
tcmitat. See FBATBawmr.] A society or brotherhood.
|t00O'frto*'(kdM'frtr'), n. [F.] Intimate associate.
Oon-frOBf (kSn-frfinf), r. /. [F. confronter ; L. con-
4- /ran* forehead, front.! 1. To face ; to oppose firmly.
2. To cause to meet. 3. To contrast ; te compare. —
Ooo'tron-tAHoii (-frfin-tl'shilu), n.
Ckm-fOM' (-f US'), V. /. [L. confunderty -futunu See
ft, e, I, S, It, long ; li, «, 1, 5, a, y, short ; senAte, ^vent, tdea, dbey, finite, c4re, iirui, Ask, |^, flnaL
CONFUSEDLY 126
OoBfOUVD.] 1. To mix or blflod ; to obacore. 2. To
disconcert ; to canae to lose aelf-poaasssion. "
CONJUGATE
•d4y (kSn-foz^-IV), adv. — Ooil-tllS'«d-IMMt n.
Syn. — To disorder ; disconcert ; confound. Bee
Oon-ta'alon (-fu^shOn), n. 1. A being mixed so as to
produce hulistinctness ; disorder; tumult. 2. A being
•bashed or disconcerted ; shame. 3. Overthrow ; ruin.
OOB-flltS' (-futOf V. /. [L. am/iUare to check (a boiling
liquid), to repress, confute ; con- + root of/tUit a water
TMseLi To overwhelm by aiwument ; to prove false ; to
sUence. — OoB-fnt'er, n. — (taa-fara-Ue (-fut'A-b*i), a.
— OoB-tBfan*, n. — Ooo'ta-tAHon, n.
Syn.— To CoHTUTs; Rbfutb; disprove; overthrow;
set aside ; oppugn. — Refute is literally to pour back,
henoe to repel by decisive evidence. Conjute is literally
to check boiling, as when cold water is poured into hot,
thus to neutralue completely, to end a case.
e OOB'gi' (kOx^shtOt »• [Fm lesve, permission, fr. L.
commeahu leave of absence, fr. com- -f- meare to go.]
1. A taking leave ; fareweU ; dismissal. 2. A bow or
courtesy. — v. i. To take leave ceremoniously ; to bow
or courtesy.
I Oaa<e d'iUrs (dtltr') [F-« leave to chooee], license to
choose as bishop the person nominated in the missive.
OOB-gMll' (koo-j81'), r. t. & i, [L. congelare^ -latum ;
eon- -f geiu frost.] To freeze ; to thicken. — Ooo-gMd'-
a-bl«, a. — OoB-ml'iBMit, Ckm'gv-Utloii, n.
OOB'C»-ll«r(kBn'j«-n&),n. [L.| Thing of like kind.
Oam-gnktBl (-jSn'yol ; 26), a. IVnt. con- -f genial.]
1. Partaking of the same nature ; kindred ; sympathetic.
2. Naturally adapted. —Omk-g&nUm-tJ (jS'nl-Sl^-ty
or -jSo-ySinr-tj^ ; 26), Oon-f an'ltl-lMM, n.
Oon-fVlll-tal (-j8n^-tai)i t'' [h- congenilHs; con- +
genUuSy p. p. of gignere to beget.] Existing at, or dating
from, birth ; bom with one ; constitutional ; natural.
OoafgnMn'tfir), n. [LJ, Ooil'ff«r «el. Large sea eel.
" hg^n-^m (k5u-jS'rT4»), n. sing. & pi, [L., fr. eon-
>. See CoNOBST.] A collection of particles into one
mass : a heap: an aggregation.
OoB-C6Bf (-iSst^)> V. t. [L. congerert^ -gettum^ to
bring together ; eon- -\- gerere."] 1. To colL^ct into a
nuMs or aggregate ; to accumulate. 2. To cause over-
fullness of the blood vessels. — Oon-gM'tlon (-j8s^ch(in ;
26), n. —OoBrgUttftW (-j««tnrv), <i.
OOB-i^ontete (-glS'bftt), a. [L. conglobare^ -baium."]
Collected into a rounded mass. — r. /. To form into a
ball ; to gather together. — OOD^glO-bA'tton, n.
Oon-|dob6' (-glSb'), Ck»-gliA)^-Ute (■glSb'tt-lSt), v, i.
To conglobate.
OOB-sloai'er-fttO (-gISm'Sr-tt), o. [L. congiomerare,
•ntum ; con- 4- glomerare to wind into a ball. ] 1. Gath-
ered into a baul or mass; concentrated. 2. Closely
crowded together ; densely clustered. 3. Composed of
rtooes or fragments cemented together. — n. 1. Mat-
ter heaped together; accumulation. 2. A rock, com-
pMed of rounded fragments of stone cemented together
Dy another mineral substance. — v. /. To collect into a
mass. — Ooo-gtoni'er-Atlon, n.
OOlB-Klati-IUItO (-glu'tT-ntt), a. [L. eonglutinare^
-natum, to glue ; 'm- -f gMen glue.] Glued together;
united. — r. /. To stick together ; to unite or grow to-
gether ; to coalesce. — Ooa-fliill-iiant, a. — Oon-fla'-
tl-Btlloii, n. — Oon-gla'ti-na-ttw, a.
Otmfgoa (b8n'g5&), ) n. [Chin. Irun^-Zoo labor.] Black
OoufgO (-gft), I tea, of liiffher grade than bohea.
CkHI-jprat%-lAt» (kSn-grftt'd-lit), r. /. [L. congratu-
tari, -laitUf to wish Joy abundantly ; con- -\- gratu*
pleasing.] To address with expressions of syrapiUhetic
pleasure on account of some happy event. — Ckni-gimf-
v-Uat a. — Oon-iprat'a-lalloii, n. — Oon-gimfu-U'-
tor, n. — OoBrgimt^B-U-to-ry. ».
Syn. — To Conokatdlatb ; Pklicttate. — To felicitate
l» sranply to wish a person joy. To eonarntulate has the
additional signification of uniting in his joy.
Ooa'gre-fftte (kSo'grl-gat), r. t. & i. [L. congregare,
OB'gXV-fft'tknCkbn'grt-gi'shlin), n. 1. A congre-
ng, or collecting. 2. A collection of separate things.
•gaium; «0f»- + IT^ flock, herd.] To collect into an
assembly or assemblage ; to assemble ; to meet.
Q^^j 77L . . .
An assembly for worship and religious instruction.
Ooa'gT»-flliOll-Al, a. 1. Pertaming to, or partici-
pated in by, a congregation. 2. Belonging to the system
of Congregationalism, or to Congregationalists.
Ckni'gr»-ffatlOII-al-iBm (-Ts*m), n. L Orsanisation
which vests ecclesiastical power in the assembled broth-
erhood of each local church. 2. Polity of Congrega-
tional churches. — Ooo'gie-fAtkMl-Al-tot, n.
Ooa'BrMW (kSn'grSs), n. [L. congredi^ -gresnuy to
ocnne together ; con- -{- gradi to go, gradtu step. See
Gradb.] 1. A gathering or conference. 2. A formal
assembly (of deputies, representatives, envoys, etc.) to
consider matters of comm<m interest. 3. The legisla-
tive assembly of senators and representatives of a nation,
esp. of a republic. —Oon-gTM'ikm-Al, a.
Syn. — Assembly ; meeting ; convention ; convoca-
tion ; council : diet ; conclave ; parliament ; legislature.
Ckm-grea'alT* (kSn-grSs^sIv), a. Coming together.
Ooa^graMhUima (kSs'grfis-man), n. A member of the
Congress of the United SUtes.
Ooa'gni-Mlt(k5n'gr9-«nt),Ooi|'gni-OIIS(-fis),a. [L.
congruenSy p. pr. of eongruere to come together, t^tn^"]
Possessing cougruity ; agreeing. — Ckni'gni-«lloe, Oon^
gni-«ii-oy« Ckni-gni1rty, n. — Oon'gni-oiuhlT, adv,
Ooa'lo (k5nn[k), a. [Gr. kmi^ucoc. See Cora.] 1.
Resembling a geometrical cone ; round and tapering to
a point. 2. Pertaining to a cone ; as, conic sections. —
n. A conic section. — Oonlo-al, a. — OOD lo-al-DMS, n.
Oonle ssctlon, a curve line formed by the Literaection of
tb<» PJirtnpp of A
ril ,mJ ;i
pl , .-■ ^Jjnir
Se^ I Mir IS atv tLli.4
priraixila, clliiMC*.
ail 4 hyperbolv-
0«tiki*etioii&,t]iat
brrirjii'lu a( geomf-
tfv lAhJeh tre.iU
of tiie pvnbols,
eliiitiii?, and by-
pt'iVaJa.
Gt^^iu^itry ot r[Mi(*?f.
Oo'dl-lwr tJco'iiT'fSr), n. [L. contu cone -f- ferre to
bear.] A trfit buiring cones; one of the order Coni-
fen^l indiLdiiTij^ tliB pme, cjrpress, etc. — Oo-nlfer-OIIS
Gtm-]flc^-a-blB (k9n-j8ktttr-A^bn ; 40), a. Capable
of \*^\w^ riSTijertipitud or guessed. [ful.l
Coin iec' tur-al v >u Dependent on conjecture ; doubt- 1
Ooit'jec'tlirci (t^r; 40), n. [L. conjectura^ fr. con-
iirfrf, -jr.-{us\i ; ffjn--^- jacere to throw.] An opinion
foriiit'l uii imprfeot evidence; probable inference;
guess ; suspicion. — v. f . & i. To infer on slight evi-
dence ; to surmise ; to imagine. — Oon-Jao^-«r (-8r), n.
Ckm-folll' (-jolnOi «»• I' & i- [L* conjungere^ -June-
turn; con- -\- iungere to join.] To join t<M[ether ; to
league. — Oon-WiBt' (-jointO, a. — Ooil-|ol]lt'l]r, adv.
Gmi'Jll-gal (-J^-gal), "' [L. conjugality fr. conjux
husband, wife, consort, fr. conjungere to unite.] Pertain-
ing to marriage ; matrimonial. — Ooa'lU-gal-ly, adv.
Ctonln-fAte (-g»t), a. [L. conjugore,
-gatumf to unite ; eon- -\-jugnre to join, \
yoke, marry, jugum yoke.] 1. United '
in pairs ; coupled. 2. Agreeing in deri-
vation and radical signification ; — said
of words. 3. Presenting themselves
simultaneously and having reciprocal
properties ; — used of mathematical
quantities, points, lines, axes, curves, Conjugste Leaf,
etc. — n. A word agreeing in dpriva-
tion with another word, and of similar signification.— v. i.
a h e d e
Conic Sections (the rijcht line* and circle
being soinetimea included).
a Right linea ; h Circle ; e EllipM ; d
Parsbols i e Hyperbola.
2. Conic sections.
fdm, recent, 6rb, ryde, f yll, tkm, food, t^ot^ out, oil, ehair, go, sinsi ink, tben, tbin.
CONJUGATION
126
CONSERVANCY
To inileet (a Terb) In ita Mreral iroioet, moodi, tenaee,
numbers, and penons. — v. i. To unite in sexual
union, aa cella or indiriduaU among the simpler plants
and animals.
OoBiuats dismslsn, two diameters of an ellipse or hy-
perbola, each UsectinK all chords parallel to the other.
OOll'lU-gA'tkn (Mo'jtt-ga'shttn), n. 1. (a) The con-
jugating a Terb or giving its various parts and inflections.
(6) A scheme arranging all parU of a verb, (c) A class
of verbs conjugated in the same manner. 2. A kind of
sexual union : see Coitjvciatb, v. i.
OOB-JmiOtloa (-J&ak'shiin), n. l. A conjoining, or
befaig aasociated ; union. 2. M eetins of stars or planeU
in the same degree of the sodiac. 3. A connective or
connecting word; an indeclinable word joining sen-
tences, clauses of a sentence, or words ; as, amf , 6u/, if.
^ l-JimCttTt (k5n-jttBk'tTv), a. Serving to unite ;
connecting together. — Ooil-JlllldH¥«-l7» odv,
Oon-timot'Qr, adv. In union ; conjointly.
OoB-huiOtara (-tttr ; 40), n. 1. A joining, or being
joined ; union. 2. A crisis ; complication ; plight.
Oon-Jim' (kSn-jur'), v. t. [F. eonjurrr, fr. L. cm-
furore to conspire; con- -f jurare to swear.] To call
on solenmly; to adjure. — Cwk'Jll-imtlOill, n.
Oon^Jlira (kfin'jQr), v.t.&i. To call forth or expel
by magic arts ; to charm. — Ckm'JU-imHon, n.
Oon-jvr^er (k5n-jur^r), n. One who ooniures or
charges solemnly. [arU ; a juggler. I
Oonlvr-W (kon'jtir^r), n. One who practices magic |
Ckmn (k5n), V. L To con, or direct (a ship).
Oon'lUltO (kdn'ntt or kSu-nlt'), a. [L. cormatus;
eon- -f- nahu bom, p. p. of natei to be born.] 1. Bom
with another. 2. Congenital ; existing from birth. 3.
Congenitally united ; growing from one base, or united
at their bases: united into one body ; as, connate leaves.
Oon-nat^B-na (kSn-nifft-rol; 40), a. [Pref. con- -f
natural."] Connected by nature ; inborn , inherent.
Ckm-nMf (-nSkf ), r. t. Sii. [L. connectere^ -nerum ;
con- -h nectere to bind.] To join together ; to associate ;
to unite or cohere. — Oon-IMOf or (-nfik'tJr), n.
OOll-lMCt'td-ly, odv. In a connected manner.
Oon-lMOtlOII (-nSk'shttn), n. 1. A connecting or
bebig connected ; junction ; union ; relationRliip. 2. A
tie. 3. A r«>liitlon. 4. Persons or things conn<^rted.
8yn. — Union : coherence ; continuity ; junction ; asso-
dstion ; intercourse ; communication ; relatiouship.
Oon-IMOtlT* (-nfiktTv), a. Connecting. — n. That
which connects, (n) Word connecting words or sen-
tences : conjunction ; preposition. (6) Part of an anther
oonnectlni; its thee*, lobes, or cells.
OOD-nejElon (•nfik'Hhfin), n. Connection.
Ooa-Btr'AIIM (•niv'ans), ft. Intentional failuie to
see a fault ; pinAlve consent or cooperation.
Sjm. — See Collusiok.
Chm-Pfry^ C-iiiv'), r. i. [L. connivere to connive, fr.
eon- -h (perh.) word akin to nictare to wink.l To close
the pyos upon a fault : to wink (at). — Oon-niT'ert
Oon'noU-aeiur' (kSn'nTs-gQr'), n. [OF. ; fr. L. cog-
notrrre to l^aro to know.] A skillful critic.
Oon-Bltnill-Al (-nu'bT-ol), a. [L. connubialu^ fr. eon
nvbium marriaRe.i Pertaining to marriage ; niiptinl.
Ck/noi^ (kQ'noid), n. [Gr. icMvoctfi^ conical ; xwyof
cone + cI&K form. J 1. Anything formed like a cone.
2. A solid formed by the revolution of a conic
•Action about lU axis. — Oo'llOid, Oo-nold'al,
Oo-noidlo, o.
Oon'qilMr (kSnOcSr), v.L&i, [L. conquU
rere, -quitUum^ to search for, LL., to conquer ;
con- -}- quaerere to seek.] To Rain by force •
to prevail. — Ckm'qiier-ar (-2r), n. — Oon'
qner-A-bl*, a. » „
Ryn.-To Cokqubr; Vanquish; Scbdub; Subjtoatb;
Otbkcomx; overpower; overthrow; defeat: rout; dis-
comiit ; renuce ; humble ; crush : surmount ; subject .
master.— These words agree in the general idea expressed
Conoid.
by orereom*,- that of bringing nnder ooe^a power by
the exertion of force. Conauer denotes osuafly a no.
cession of conflicts. Vanquwi refers to a single conflict.
:snbdue impUes continual pressure, bat surer and more
final subjection. Subjugate Is to bring completely under
the yoke of bondsge. ^^^ ^ , ^ ,
Ooa'«IM0t (kSsOiwSst), n, [OF., fr. L. ccmqvfrtre.^
1. A CMiquering. 2. That which is gained by force.
Syn.— Victory; triumph; mastery; sabjectioo.
Ckni'MII-ffltB'«-OIUI (kSu'sKn-gwTn'l-ILs), a. [L. <«•-
-f mnguU blood.] Of the same blood ; descended from
the same parent or ancestor. — Ooa^MB-nfain-ty, n,
Oonf wamm (-sh^ns), n. [F. ; fr. L. cotueimtia;
con- -j- scire to know.] 1. Sense of right and wrong ;
the faculty passing judgment on one^s self; the moral
sense. 2. Convicuon of right or duty.
OOB'Ml-MltloOS (-shT-Stt'sh&s), a. 1. Infloenoed by
conscience ; governed by the rules of right and wronc.
2. Conformed to the dictates of conscience. — Qoafwak'
en'ttom-ly, a<f r. —Oon'Ml-MilkMM-nMs, i».
Syn. — Scrapulous ; exact ; faithful ; Just ; upright.
Oon'MlOII-a-llle (-shan-A-b*l), a. Reasonable ; JusL
Ctaa^MdOBS (-shtis), a. [L. coneeiue; eom- -\- scire to
know.] 1. Able to know one's own mental operatiooc
^ -^ aware; sensible.— Oon'kWiOtt-ly, tuff.
2. Cognisant;
Syn. — Aware ; apprised ; sensible ; felt ; known.
<WII'Mri^(k5n'skrTpt),a Ih.coMcribere.'Seriptum^
to enroll ; con- -f ecribere to write.] Enrolled; regis-
tered. — R. An enrolled soldier or sailor.
Oon-MltDt' (k5n-skrTptO, v. f. To enroll, hy compul-
sion, for military service. — Ooa-MltotkMI, n,
Ooil'0«-arat» (kOn'sl-krtt), a. [lu comteerare^ -erv-
tum; eon- + sacer sacred.] Consecrated; dedicated;
•acred. — r. /. 1. To set apart or devote to the
service of God ; to give (one's self) unreservedly. 2.
To haUow ; to dignify. — Ckm'S^-on'tor, Om^OOL''
tor.-*.— Oon's^-oratkn^n. , ,^ „
OoB-MO^-tiTe (-i>Sk'tt-tIv), a. [F. conticutif. See
CoNSBQUSHT.] 1. Following in regular order; ^th «>
interval or break. 2. FoUowinff as a consequence ; actu-
ally or logically dependent. — Ooa-M< -— -
00O4 " ' - -"
l-MO^-ttT«-ly, adv.
i^nif), t. i. '~
agree ; con- -{- seniire to f eel. ] L To agree in sentiment.
2. To indicate wUllngness ; to yield ; to give approvaL
Syn. -To accede; yield; assent; comply; agree;
allow ; concede ; permit ; admit ; concur; acquieace.
— >n. 1. Agreement in opinion or sentiment; accord.
2. Correspondenoe in parts, qualities, or operations ; har^
mony. 3. Acquiescence; permissloa.
Syn. — See AssBKT.
Oon'sen-to'lM-OllB (-88n-ti'nt-&s), a. [L. consenta-
nevs.l Consistent ; harmonious ; concurrent. — Qoaf-
Mn-U'ne^aJi-ly, adv. - Ooa'Mii-tAlM-oiui-iiMi, n,
Oaa-mi^tlmt (-sSn'shent), a. [L. con*eniien*i p. pr.
See CoKsmrr.] Agreeing in mind ; accordant
Ckm'8«-<nieilM (-st-kwSns), n. [L. ronse^Henfia. See
CoNBBQUBKT.] 1. That wWch is prodnced by a cause.
2. A proposition collected from the agreement of previ-
ous propositions; conclusion which results from argu-
ment; inference. 3. Importance with respect to what
comes after ; power to produce an effect ; value ; rank.
Syn. - Effect ; result ; end. See Emor.
Oon'M-qneilt (-kwSnt), a. [L. consequent^ -entis. p.
pr. of consequi to follow ; con- -f tequi to follow.] Fol-
lowing as a result or deducUon. — w. 1. That which
results from a cause. 2. A logical coodusion, or in-
ference. 3. The second term of a mathematical ratio.
ChMfse-aiMntlal (•kwSn'shol}, a. 1. Fdlowinff as a
consequence ; consequent 2. Assumins an air of con-
sequence ; pompous. — Oon'M-lllMllUa-lyi <»<'*•
Oon'M-qnanMy (k5u'»»-kw8nt-lj^), adv. By coDse-
qnence ; by natural or logical sequence or connection.
Syn. — See Aoooed»olt.
Ckm-MlT'ail-oy (-sSrv'an-sj^X *•• Gonaervation.
a, §, 1, 3, a, long ; &, «, !,«, O, y, abort; sanltte, «veat, tdea, 6bey, Anite, cAre, ttrm, 4sk, §11, flnoL
CONSERVANT
127
CONSTANT
OuilHIU'llH (kSn-sSrr'ont), a, Conaenring ; nriiig.
OOB^MT-Ta'tlOll (-aSr-vS'abiiu), n. A preMrviug,
goardingt or protecting ; preaenration.
Om-B«nr^ft-tlsm (-a8rv'4-tTs*m), n. DUpoaition to
praaerre what ia eatabliahed ; oppoaition to change.
OlHMMnr^a-tiT« (-tlv), a. 1. Able to preaenre from
loas or injury ; preaerratiTe. 2. Oppoeed to change. 3.
Pertainiug to a political party which favora conaervatioo
of exiating inatitutiona. — n. 1. One that preaervea
from ruin, injury, innoTatioo, or radical change ; a
conaerver. 2. One who deairea to maintain exiating in-
atitationB ; one who holda moderate opiniona in politica.
OOB'Mr-Tator (k5i/aSr-Ti^t8r), n. [L.] Protector.
OOB-Mrr'a-tO-ry (-a8rv'A-t«-ry ), o, Preaenratire. — n.
1. Place for preaerving anjrthing from loaa, decay, or in-
jury ; greonhouae for tender planta. 2. An art acbooL
Oon— rT<^ (liSo-a8nrO« v. /. [F. conterver^ L. conter-
rare; eon- + *ervare to guard. Bee Skrvb.] 1. To keep
in a aaf e or aoond atate ; to preaerve ; to protect. 2. To
prepare (fruita, ^c.) with augar, etc, for preaer ration.
Oonfamw (kfii/aery w kon-aerr'), n. Anything oon-
a aweetmeat ; confection.
rid'er (-eTd'Sr), v,t.&i. [L. coruiderare^ -ctum. ]
1. To ponder ; to examine. 2. To reapect. 3. To think.
Sim.— To ponder; weigh; revolre; atudy; reflect;
meditate ; contempli^ ; examine. Bee Pondbb.
,0. 1. Worthy of consideration ; re-
I to. 2. Noteworthy ; reapectable.
OoB-ilfl'er-A-blir, adv.
Given to conaideration ; re-
gardful of othera' risbts and feelinga. — Oon-lld'er-
•t»-ly, adv. — Oon-fltd'er-aU-neas, n.
Syu. — Careful ; diacreet : aehoua. Bee Thouobtfdl.
Ooo-flid'tt-atlon, n. 1. A considering; careful
thought; deliberation. 2. Attentive reapect; appre-
etatire regud. 3. Thoughtful or aympatbetio notice.
4. Claim to notice ; importance. 6. Reault of attention
and examination ; matured opinion ; a reflection. 6. Mo-
tive; reaaon. ?• Gauae moving a contracting party to
enter Into a legal agreement ; compenaation ; equivalent.
OoB-fllSB' (-ain'), v. t. [L. eonHatUtre^ -naium^ to aeal
or aign ; con- -j- tiffnum mark.] I. To give or transfer
formaUy. 2. To iutruat. 3. To addreaa (by bill of lad-
Ins, etc.) t) an agent.
Byn. — To deliver ; introat ; reaign. Bee Comnr.
OOB-flls'toft-tO-ry (-elg'nA-t^-rj^), n. One of aeveral
itt joii^y aign a written instrument, aa a
be attended t
quiring to
3. Of Importance or value. -
Oon-ald'ar-ftto (-it).
that
Ooa'tlgll-M' (-aT-nS'), n. .
signer to conaign.] One to whom
1 ; a I a
00B-«lgiiriBait n. 1. A coi
property to an aoent for care, i
dreaaed to a coimgaae at one tin
treaty.
p. p. oT coji-
^ fa or other thinga
are conaigned ;'a factor ; — correlafive to consignor,
Ooil-«lClt'«r (-ain^r), n. One who conaigna.
'^ 1. A conaigning. 2. A aending
re, aale, etc. 3. Oooda ad-
9 time or by one conveyance.
4. Writing which consigna anything.
OOB-tlgll'ar (kOn-dn'Sr or kSn'al-narOt n. One who
eonaigna aomething to another ; — oppoaed to consigner.
OoB-fllst' (-eTatO, V. i. TL. consistere to atand firm ;
can- + sistere to atand.] 1. To atand firm ; to hold to-
gether ; to be ; to exist ; to aubaist. 2. To be composed
or made up (o/). 3. To have aa ita aubatance or founda-
tion. 4. To be oonaiatent or harmonioua (iri/A).
fenM (-sTa^tra^), ) n. 1. A atanding or ad-
It'en-OT {•ten-tl}), ] hering together, or being
fixed in union ; firmneaa ; solidity. 2. A degree of firm-
neaa or denaity. 3. Substantiality ; durability ; peraiat-
eocT. 4. Agreement; harmony: congruity.
Ooo-fltofailt, a. [L. eonsistensy p. pr.l 1. Poaaeaaing
firmneaa ; aolid. 2. Having agreement with itaelf or with
•omething elae ; hiTing harmony among ita parte ; not
contradictory. — OoilHast'Ollt-l7« adv.
Oon-ato^O-ry (kSn-ala'td-rj^ or kSn'sIa-), n. [L. consis-
iorium, f r. consisterg.} L A solemn assembly or council.
5. A apiritaal court. 3. Aaaembly of Roman Catholic
prelatea ; aeadon of the college of cardinala. 4. A chnrdi
tribunal. — Ooa'll»-tlKll-Al (kSn'ala-UKrI-al), a.
Oon-flO^d-at* (kSn-aO'ahl-at), v. t. mi. To unite.
Oon-MKol-a'dOll, n. 1. Intimate union ; confedera-
tion ; aaaociatiou. 2. A council of neighboring Congre-
gational churchea ; meeting of pastors and delegates.
Oon-«ol'a-bl« (-a51'A-bn), a. [L. consolabilis.} Capa-
ble of receiving consolation.
OOB'SO-U'dMl (kSn'ad-lS'sh&u), n. A consoling or
benig conaoled ; that which conaolea or comf orta.
Syn. —Comfort ; aolace : alleviation. Bee CoiurosT.
Oon-Ml'a-tO-ry (-a5K4-tO-rj^), a. Consoling.
Oon-MlO' (-aOl'), V. t. [L. consolari^ 4atut; con -f «o-
lari to comfort. Bee Solacb.] To cheer ; to soothe.
Syn. T V.vL h-ijrunrvcr^^ l "^y.ynrt. Bee ComosT.
Gcin's^Dlfi (k^jt'ijj)), u, i¥.\ A br4i.Uot; taUe aup-
poilH-j 1,3 4 iiud4>ltJi iufitioad ot legs.
Con BQl 'l-dant (-fiSll-Udnt)^ fi, Cctv^nl i dating.
Goii-aol'i-data (-(lit), r. t. Jt 1. (L. vtiatolidare, -da-
tum ; ^jm- 4- ^uUiiut •olid-] 1h To m&tic' or become aolid ;
to iianli^n. 2^ To co^ubluti. — OvJ) sol 1 dmtlon, n.
Syiv, - To unite ; luu^ea \ couai'iirw ; <>mpreaa.
Goa'ftOla ( b du'^AIi}, n , j>/. [ Ku r 4 Yidated (anno-
Itit - ). ] ti riti»li f audc«i) gov*™ uictit (^ ': iij r ity.
. Coil Munm*^ (k^H^nS^Eiit'^), ». [F., lEt. p. p. of eon-
MOiUfn^r [i eHuIhU,] Clear aoup bo(lf^<l dtmii tfli very rich.
Coti'ao amnoe (Iiuij'^f Ji'^jiin). \h~ \V.. consonantia.\
CoiL^lo-iULiL-cy i,-uuu-b>;, j 1. Aucord of aounda
produced aimultaneoualy. 2. Congruity; harmony.
Syn. — Agreement ; uniaon ; congruity ; auitableneaa.
Ckm'BO-lUUIIt (-nont), a. [L. consonant^ -antis, p. pr.
of eoiwonare / con- 4- sonare to aound.] 1. Having agree-
ment ; according. 2. Harmonising together ; accordant.
3. Pertaining to conaonanta ; made up of conaonanta. —
n. An articulate aound leaa open than a vowel ; a letter
or character representing auch a aound.
Ooa'BO-nant-ly, adv. Agreeably.
Oon'so-nou ^-ntta), a. Agreeing in aound.
Oon'Mirt (kSn'fidrt), n. [L. consort^ -tortit; eon- -f
soTi lot, ahare. Bee Bokt.] 1. One who aharea the lot
of another ; a partner ; a wife or huaband. 2. A ahip
ke^-Mitr mmy^nriT vrlt^i ar-*her. 3. Concurrence ; union.
Coaaait'
Coa-aplc'ij
vikiblf', 2 ij^^-iuub ,
Ooa-£plQii-<nt« ly, ^^/<
8yn* - - S^-t' l>j- 1 ]rii;i-
Con uplr n < v
natiou lur ou ^vxi ^u.
i. & t. To unite ; to aaaociate.
-Qs), a. [L. eonspieuus; eon-
] 1. Open to the view ; plainly
J'larly defined; prominent. —
Oon-spU/a-oiUhiitM, n.
!ID.
1^), n. A conspiring; combi-
. . Oon-splx^a-tor, n,
Syn. — Combination ; plot ; cabal.
Oon-sptre^ (-•pir'), v. i. & t. [L. consjrirare to blow
together, harmonize; con- -\- spirare to breathe.] To
plot together ; to agree. — Ooa-ipir'er, n.
Syn. — To unite ; combine ; confederate : league.
Oon'sU-ble (kfin^ati-bU), n. [OE. & OF. conestable,
LL. conestabultu count of the atable, maater of the horae ;
comet count -f L. stabulum atable.] 1. A high court
ofBcer in the Middle Agea. 2. An ofBcer of the 1
~»-fllllp, fi.
rtainingt
in a diatrict.
I'Stan-ey (kSn's'tan-sj^), n. 1. The being conatant
or steadfaat ; freedom from change. 2. Fixedneaa of
reaolution ; firmneaa under auCFeringa ; fidelity.
Syn. — Btability ; permanence ; resolution. Bee Fibm-
KBBS.
Ckm'Stant (kOn'atant), a. [L. contianSj -antis^ p. pr.
of constare ; con- -f stare to atand.] 1. Not liable to
change ; continually recurring ; ateadfaat ; not fickle.
2. Remaining unchanged or invariable, aa a quantity,
force, law, etc. — n. 1. That which ia unchanging. 2. A
mathematical quantity having alwaya the aame value in
the aame expression.
Syn. — Const Airr ; Cortikual ; Pbbtbtual ; fixed ;
the peace,
who executea judicial warrants. — Ooil'StA-llld-flllip, n.
Oon-StalKn-U-IT (kfin.etU/A.lt.rj^), a. Perl
con^;ablea. — n. Body of conatables 11
fSm, recent, 5rb, ryde, fyU, tkm, food, fc»bt, out, oil, chair, go, aing, ink, then, thin.
CONSTANTLY
128
CONTAGIOUS
^ ^^ nt ; unaltenbto; faa-
mutoble ; 'invariable : raiM>lute ; firm : unahakMi ; deter-
mined. — Constant denotes, in its abeolute aeniM. un-
changeably fixed ; aa, a constant mind or porpoae. In ita
qualified aenae, it marks sometliing as a *' standing ** fact
or occurrence: as, liable to constant interruptions; eon-
Hantly called for. C^m/muoi, in its absolute sense, coin-
cides with continuous. In its qualified sense, it describes
a thing as occurring in steady and rapid suooesaion : as,
eontinuaily changing. Perpdual denotes, in its absolute
sense, what never ceases or comes to an end : as, perp^'
ual miotion. In its qualified sense, it denotes that which
rarely ceases ; as, perpetual disturbance.
Oon'Stant-lT (kSn^nt-iy), adv. With constancy;
steadily ; oontinuially ; without cessation ; uniformly.
OOB'Sttl-lAtloll (-stSl-li'sh&n), n. [F. : L. consteUa-
Ho ; con- -|- Hella star.] A cluster of fixed stars.
doB^attr-natkm (-st«r-ni^shfiu), fi. [L. consternation
tt. con- -f- stemere to spread out, throw down.] Amase-
ment or horror confounding the faculties ; dismav.
8yn. — Horror; fright: amasement; astonishment;
panic : perturbation, bee Alakm.
Oon'ttt-pate (-stT-pSc), v. t. [L. constipate^ -oatum;
eon- -f- stipare to crowd together.] 1. To stop (a chan-
nel) by filling iL 2. To render costive.
OOB'Sti-pa'tkMl (-pS'slittii}, n. A state of the boweU
in which evaouatioiis are diiBcult ; costiveness.
Ooa-Stit'a-eil-ey (-btTt'fi-^n-sj^), n. A body of con-
stituents ; body of citixens or voters in a district.
Oon-Stit^-aillt, a. [h. eonstituenSf -entis^ p. pr. Bee
CoysTmrnul 1. Senmog to form ; elemental ; compo-
nent. 2. Having power to elect or i^^point. — ». 1.
One that consUtutea, determines, or constructs. 2. A
component; an element. 3. One represented by an-
other in a legislative assembly ; — correl. to representa-
tive. 4. One for whom another acts as attorney in fact.
Oon'Sti-tate (-stT-tut), v. t. [L. constituere^ -stitutum,
to constitute ; con- -f- statuere to place, fr. status station,
fr. stare to stand.] 1. To cause to stand ; to establish.
2. To form. 3. To appoint to office ; to empower.
OOB'Sti-ta'tlOllC-tu'shlin),}!. IF. ;h.constitutio.'\ 1.
A constituting, enacting, or appointing ; establishment.
2. The state of being, or structure of parts, which con-
stitutes and characterises a system or body ; natural
condition ; conformation. 3. Aggregate of one*s phys-
ical or mental qualities ; teraperamenL 4. Fundamen-
tal principles of government of a nation, state, society,
etc. ; a written instrument embodying such organic law.
Oon'atlrtation-Al, a. 1. Belonginff to the constitu-
tton or structure of body or mind. 2. In accordance
with the constitution of a state, etc. 3. Regulated by
a constitution. — n. Exercise taken for one*s health or
oonstitiition. [CoUoq.'] — Oon'Stl-tll'tlOll-all-ty, n.
Oon'Stl-tatlioiHd-iy, adv. In accordance with the
constitution; naturally ; legally.
Oonfsti-ta'tlrt (-tuaiv), a. Tending or assisting to
constitute; esnntial; instituting; determining.
Oon-ttxmlll' (-stein'), v. t. [OF. constra^tdre^ L. eon-
-f- stringere to draw tight.] 1. To secure by bonds ;
to hold tightly. 2. To compress. 3. To restndn ; to re-
press. C To compel ; to oblige. 6. To produce in such
manner as to give ui unnatural effect. — Oon-Stralll'a-
Ue, a. — Oon-stnln'ar, n.
8yn. — To compel ; force ; drive ; impel ; urge : press.
Ckn-Stntnad' (-strind^), a. Marked by constraint ;
not volunUry : embarrassed. — Oon-gtnlll'ad-ly, adv.
Oon-atralot' (-strantO« *•• A constraining ; necessity.
Syn, — C« wsraAiHT : Compulssov ; violence ; neces-
sity : urgency. — Constraint implies strong binding force.
Compulsion implies the exerdon of urgent impelling
force. The former prevents our acting agreeably to our
wishes ; the latter forces us to act contrary to our wilL
OOD-StrlCt' (-strTkf ), v. t. [L. constringrrey ■strictum.']
To draw together ; to bind. — Oon-StxIot'lTe, a,
OOD-StrtOt'Cd, a. 1. Drawn together; bound;
cramped. 2. Contracted or compresMd so as to be
smaller in certain places than in others.
(kSn-strTk'shlin), n. 1. A constricting,
wustricted J a narrowing or binding.
'or(-strTkaSr),f». 1. That which constricts.
2. Muscle contracting an orifice or compressing an organ.
3. Serpent that kills prey by crushing it with iU folds.
Oon-gtroot' (-strfiktO, v. /. [L. constmert, -stntetum ;
am- + struere to pile up. See SraucTDmB.] 1. To out
together the constituent parU of (fconiething) ; to build.
2. To devise ; to set in order. — Oon-atraot'er, *i.
Syn. — To build ; erect ; form ; originate ; invent.
Oon-atroo'tiOll (-strfik'shllii), n. 1. A constructing;
composition ; structure. 2. Grammatical connection of
words in a sentence. 3. Method of explaining ; attrib-
uted meaning ; understanding ; sense.
OOB-Stnu/tlOll-lst, n. One who puts a certain con-
struction upon some writing or instrument.
Oon-Stmotlve (-tTv), a. 1. Having ability to form ;
emploved in construction. 2. Derived from construc-
tion ; Inferred. — Oon-gtHMtlTt-ly, a<fv. [struct. I
Oon-Stnietlva-liass, n. Tendency or ability to con- 1
Oon'MXIM (kOu^strn; archaic kOn'stSr), v. t. [L.
construere. See Combtkuot.I 1. To i4>ply the mlea of
r^ax to (a sentence or clause) so as to exhibit U»o
cture or discover the sense ; to interpret. 2. To |Nit
a construction upon : to explain.
Oon'ralMrtail'Uai (-sfib-stin'ehal). a. [L. consvb-
stantialis ; con- -|- substanHalis. See Svbstahtial.] Of
tlie same kind or substance ; coesaentiaL
Oon'sab-gtanti-ate (-sliT-it ; 26), v. i. To profess
the doctrine of oonsu betantiation. — a. Ck>nsnbstantiaL
Oon'aab-atanti-atkm, n. l. identity of substance.
2. Tlie actual, substantial presence of the body of Christ
with the bread and the wine of sacrament of the Lord*s
Supper ; impanation ; — opposed to transubsianHation.
OOD'aol (kSn'stU), n. [L.J 1. One of the two chief
magistrates of the ancient Roman republic. 2. One of
the three chief magistrates of France from 1799 to 1804.
3. Commercial agent of a government in a foreign coun-
try. — Oon'an-lar (-sA-iSr), a. — Ooo'aiil-aliip, n.
Ooa'an-late, n. 1. Consul's office, Jurisdiction, or rtsA-
dence. 2. Consullr government : consul's term of office.
Oon-anlf (-sfilf), v. i. [L. consultare^ fr. constilere
to consult] To seek another's advice ; to deliberate. — ^
V. t. 1. To refer to. 2. To consider. — OOB-Blllfar, n.
Oon'aill-tatloil (kSn'sfil-ti'shfin), n. 1. A consulting ;
deliberation. 2. Conference, as of physicians or lawyers.
Oon-amil'a-llla (-sum'4-b'l\ a. CapaUe of being spent.
CkMIHrailia' ^-Aura'), V. t. [L. consttmere to take com-
]detely ; eon- + *«*- + emere to btiy.] To destroy, as by
decomposition, dissipation, waste, or fire ; to devour. — ^
V. i. To waste away. — Oon-amn'ar, II.
Syn.— To destroy ; swallow up ; ingulf ; absorb : vraste ;
exhaust ; spend ; expend : squander ; lavish ; dissipate.
OOB-ail]ll'lliate (k8n-sfim'mtt), a. [L. eonsummcre^
-matum, to accomplish ; con- -|- summa sum.] Carried
to the utmost extent ; of the highest quality ; perfect. —
Oon-aomliiata-ly, adv.
Oon'amil-llUlta (kOn'sttm-mat or kSn-stim'mSt), v. U
To raise to the highest point ; to finish ; to acliieve. —
Ooa'anm-matloii (-mS'shfin), n.
OOB-ailllip'tlOD (-sfiinp'shtln), n. 1. A consuming by
use, waste, etc. 2. Diminution ; loss. 3. A wasting away
of the body ; disease of the lungs, with cough, spitting of
blood, fever, etc. — Oon-Blimpitva, a. & n. ^ Oon-
aamiKtiTe-lyt adv. — Oon-Biimp^Tt-Baaa, *».
Syn. — Decline ; waste ; decay. See Dbclinx.
Oonlaot (kSn'tXkt), n. [L. contingere, -iactum^ to
touch on all sides ; con- -+- tangere to touch.] A does
junction of bodies ; a touching or meeting.
00ll-U'glmi(k8n-ta'Jttn),n. [l^contagic. See Cok-
TACT.] 1. Transmission of disease from one person to
another by contact. 2. Agency to transmit disease.
Syn. — See lNF»cnoif.
Oon-ta'giOllB (-jOs), a. 1. Communicable by contact,
S, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; &, «, f , 5, a, tt "hort ; ssnAte, Cvcnt, tdea, 6bey, finite, c&xe, }&rm, ask, ^11, flnoL
CONTAGIOUSLY
129
CONTINGENT
by a TinUv or by a bodily exhalation ; catching. 2. Con-
veying or generating disease. 3. Spreading from one to
another. — OOB-tft'glOIIS-ly (kOn-a'jtta-iy), adv. —Oon-
U'gloiis-iiass,i».
8]m. — CoHTAOiDtTs; Ixracnous.— A i^miagioHs disease
U one cMuht from another by contact, by the breath, by
bodily effluvia, etc. ; while an infection* disease supposes
some different cause infecting the system with disease.
OOB-tatll' (k5n-tSnO« v. t. TL. cantinere, -tentum ; con-
-f tenere to hold.] 1. To hold within fixed limits ; to in-
clude. 2. To have capacity for ; to be equivalent to. 3.
To restrain; to keep within boimds. [06«., except as
used reflexively.] — Cton-taln'a-Uo, a. — Ooii-tain'ar, n.
Oon-taml-nate (-titml-nSt), r. /. [L. contaminare,
-wttum, to contaiuinate ; con- + root of tangere to touch. ]
To corrupt by contact. ^ a. Contaminated ; tidnted. —
OoB-taml-na-Uo, a. — Oon-tam'l-natioii, n. — Oon-
tamt-na-tlTe (oA-tTv), a.
Syn. — To pollute : defUe ; taint ; soil : stain ; corrupt.
Omkrt&oa^ (-tSm'), V. t. [L. contemntre^ -teniptum ;
eon- -h temnere to despiBe.l To treat with contempt;
to disdain. — OOB-tem'ner (-tSm'nSr or -t^m'Sr), n.
Syn. — To CoNTSMif ; Dbspisb ; Scobm ; Disdain : spurn ;
alight : neglect : overlook. — Contemn applies to objects,
qudlitiea, etc., deemed contemptible ; to despise is to re-
gard or treat as mean or worthless ; tOMom expresses in-
dignant contempt ; disdain denotes either unwarrantable
haughtiness or abhorrence of what Is base.
Ooa'tMII-plat* (kSn'tSm-plit), v. t. & t. [L. contem-
pUsri^ -plcUus^ 1. To condder with continued attention ;
to study. 2. To have in view as orobable ; to look f orwacd
to. — Oon'tem-^'tloii, n. — Oon^am-pla'tor (-tSr), n.
8yn. — To view ; study ; plan ; purpose. See BIiditatb.
Ooil-tMn'pU-tlTe (-tSm'pl4-tTv), a. Pertaining to con-
templation ; meditative ; thoughtful. — Ooil-tem'pla-
tiV0-l7, adv. — Ooil-t0ni'pU-tlT0-ll«M, n.
Oon-ttm'po-im'na-mUi (-pd-ra'ui-Qs), a. [L. eon- -j-
tempus time.] Living, existing, or occurring at the same
time ; contemporary. — Oon-tem'pO-ra'ne-OIIS-IIMS, n.
Oon-ttm'po-ra'ne-ims-lyt adv. At the same time.
OQB-ttm'p»-im-ry (-rt-r^), a. [Pref. con- + L. tem-
porarius pert, to time.] 1. Contemporaneous. 2. Of the
same age. — n. One living at the same time with another.
OoB^tmptf (-ttmtO, n* [L. eonlemnere^ -temptum.'] 1.
A contemning or despising. 2. Disgrace ; shame. 3. Dis-
obedience of the rules of a court of justice or legislative
body; insolent behavior.
Syn. — Disdain ; scorn ; mockery ; neglect ; slight.
00ll-t«amt14lle (-T-bn), a. 1. Worthy of contempt ;
deserving disdain. 2. Despised ; neglected ; abject. —
Ooii-t«BvH-bl0-B«M, n. — CkMi-tamptl-bly, ndv.
Hyn. — CoMTSMPTiBLB ; DispiCABLB ; PmruL ; Pal-
TBT ; abject ; vile : mean ; base ; worthless ; sorry ; scur-
rile. See CoMTBMKruous. — Despicable is stronger than
rontempiible. as despise is stronger than contemn. It im-
I^M keen disapprobation, with a mixture of anger. A
inan is despicable chiefly for low actions ; contemtxible for
mean qualities of character. Pitiful and paltry are ap-
plied to oosM beneath anger.
OOB-tMBp'ta-Olll (-tSmp'td-Qs ; 40), n. Manifesting or
expressing contempt. — Oon-tamp'ta-OllS-ly, arfr. '
Syn.— CoBTBMPTOOUs ; Contbmftiblb ; scornful : inso-
lent ; haaghtjr; disdainful ; supercilious : insulting ; con-
tumelious. — Conlempinous and eontemjUible^ from their
like sound, are sometimes erroneously interchanged, as
when a person speaks of having '* a very contemptible
opinion of another. " Contemptible is applied to that which
is the object of contempt ; as, contemjAible conduct. Con-
lemptuous is applied to that which indicates contempt.
Ckn-tend' (-t8nd')« ♦». t. [L. contendere^ -tentum ; con-
-f- tendere to stretch.] 1. To strive to opposition ; to
contest. 2. To exert one*s self to obtain, keep, or defend.
3. To strive in debate ; to nrgue. — Oon-teiUrer, n.
Syn. — To struggle ; fight : combat ; vie ; strive ; op-
pose ; emulate ; contest '.litigate ; dispute ; debate.
OOII-t«llf (k5n-t8nt0, a. [K., fr. L. continere^ -teiUum,
to restrafai.] Contained within limits ; satisfied.
Oontant CkSn'tXnt or k5n-t8nt0t n. 1. That which is
contained. 2. Area or quantity of space or matter con-
totoed withto certam limits.
OOB-tMlt' (kOu-tSnt^), v. I [P. eontenter^ it. L. eon-
tenitts, p. p. See Contbht, a.] 1. To satisfy the desires
of; toauiet; toplease. 2. Tosatisfy; to pay. — n. Best
of mind; moderate happiness.
Syn. — To satisfy ; appease ; please. See Satiatb.
Ckm-tenfad, a. Content ; satisfied ; quiet ; wUUng.
— Ooii-tenr«d-l7, adv. — Ooii-toiif ad-ntu, n.
OOB-ten'tloll (-tSn'shCto), n. [F. ; L. contentio. See
CoNTBMD ] 1. Violent effort to obtain, or resist, some-
thing. 2. Strife in words ; controversy ; dispute. 3. A
point matotained in argument ; position contended for.
Syn. — CoMTBMTiON ; Sraim ; struggle ; contest ; quar-
rel ; combat ; conflict ; feud ; litigation ; controversy ;
dissension ; variance ; debate : emulation. — Strife is a
struggle for mastery ; contention for possession ot some
object, or accoropUsnment of some end.
Oon-tMl'tlollt (-shtts), a. 1. Pond of contention ; pro-
voktog dispute. 2. Relating to strife ; tovolving conten-
tion. 3. Contested ; litigated ; litigious. — Oon-tMl'
ttons-ly, adv. — OoB-ten'tloiis-]
Syn. — Quarrelsome ; pugnacious : perverse ; peevish.
Ckn-tMlt'bieilt (-t£nt'ment), n 1. The being con-
tented or satisfied. 2. A contenting or satisfying.
Oon-tefml-iui-Uo (-tSi/mT-ni-bn), Ckm-tefml-nal,
OOB-tefml-llOlUi, o. IL. eonterminu4 ; con- -{- terminus
border.] Having the same bounds or limits.
Oon-toSt' (kSn-tfistO, V. t. [F. eontester, fr. L. con-
testari to call to witness ; con- -f- lf*ii* witness.] 1. To
dispute ; to question. 2. To strive to maintain. 3. To
defend (a suit) or resist (a claim). — v. i. To engage in
contention, or emulation : to strive ; to vie.
Syn. —To dispute : debate ; litigate : contend.
Oon'test (kSn'tSst), n. 1. Earnest dispute ; contro-
versy. 2. Earnest struggle for victory, defense, etc.
Syn.— Contbbt; Conflict: Combat; Enoountbb:
battle; shock: struggle; dispute: altercation; debate;
controversy ; difference ; disagreement ; strife. — Contest
had originally no reference to actual fighting. It was a
legal term signif jring to call witnesses^ and came to de-
note a struggle between opposing parties. Conflict de-
notes literally a close persona] engagement, but more
commonly means strenuous opposition. An encounter
is a direct meeting face to face. Combat is commonly
applied to actual fighting, but may refer to a strife of
words or struggle off eeling.
Ooa-tast'a-lOe (-t«sf i-b*l), a. Debatable.
Oon-tast'ant (-ant), n. Opponent ; litigant ; disputant ;
one who claims what lias been awarded to another.
Oon'tMI-ta'tlOll, n. A contesting ; strife ; dispute.
OOB'tazt (-tfikst), n. [L. eonteztus ; con- + texere to
weave.] Matter preceding or following a quoted passage.
Oon-teztnre (-tSks^ttlr ; 40), n. [F.] The structural
character of a thing ; ^tem ; texture.
Oon-tig^Q-OlU (-tTg'Q-iifl), a. [L. contiguus ; akin to
contingere. See Contingbnt.] In actual contact ; touch-
ing; also, adjacent; near.— Ooil-tig'll-<l1Ui-ly, adv. —
Oon-tiff^-oiis-iieM, Oon'tl-giil-ty (-tT-guT-tj^), n.
Syn. — Adjacbnt.
Oontt-nmioe (kOn'tT-n«ns), )n. [F. continence^ L.
Oon'tl-neil-oy (-nen-ej^), ( continentia. See.CoN-
TiNBNT.I 1. Self-restraint; self-command. 2. Chastity.
Oon'tl-neilt (-n<fnt), a. [L. continens, -entis^ prop,
p. pr. of continere. SeeCor^AiN.] 1. Exercising restraint
of desires or passions : temperate. 2. Chaste. — n. One
of the grand divisions of land on the globe. — OOB'tl-
nen^ a. [perately. I
Oon'tl-nent-ly, arfr. in a continent manner; tem-|
Oon-ttn'sen-cy (-tln'j«>n-^, Oon-ttn'sanoe (-jens),
n. 1. Union ; contact. 2. The being contingent ; poa-
sibility of coming to pass. 3. Possible or probable event.
Syn. — Casualty : accident; chance.
Oon-till'Keilt (-j(;nt), a. [L. conlingens^ -tntiSy p. pr.
of contingere to happen ; con- -f tangere to touch. J 1.
lim, recent, 6rb, r^de, f yll, Hm, food, fcjbt, oat, oil, eludr, go, aiaK, ink, then, tliln.
9
CONTINGENTLY
130
CONTRITION
PoMible, or liable, Irat not certain, to occur. 2. Dependent
on tliat which is undetermined or uulcnown. — n. 1. An
event which may or may not happen ; a contingency. 2.
That wliich falls to one in an apportionment among a num-
ber ; a suitable share ; quota of troops.
Srii. — Bee Accidkmtai..
Ctan-till'Keiltly (kSn-tln'Jtfnt-iy), adv. Without de-
8i|m; accidentally.
OOQ-till^-Al Ct-al), a. [OB. St F. continueL See
CoMTiNUB.] 1. Proceeding without interruption or ce*-
sation ; lai^g. 2. Occurring in rapid succession ; very
frequent ; often repeated. —OoB-till'l-«l-ly, adv,
Hyn. — See Comstakt, and GoHmrvoDs.
Oon-tlB'n-anoe (-<ms), n. 1. A continuing or re-
maining in a particular state ; permanence, as of condi-
tion, habits, M>ode, etc. ; perseverance ; dun^on ; stay.
2. Uninterrupted succession ; constant renewal ; propaga*
tion. 3. Adjournment of legal proceedings.
Ooll-titt'll-A'tloll (-i^shfin), n. A conUnuing or being
continued; uninterrupted extension or successkm.
OOB-tlB'll-A'tor (-i'tSr), n. A continuer.
Oon-tlB'lM (-tTn'tt), r. t. [P. eontinuery L. eoniiim'
arty -o/um.] 1. To remain in a given nlace or condi-
tion ; to stay. 2. To endure ; to last. 3. To be stead-
fast. — r. /. 1. To protract or extend ; to prolong. 2.
To retain. — Ooa-tiB'l-«r, n.
Syn. — To persevere ; persist See PusBnas.
00O'tl-B111-tf (kSn'tl-uua-tf ), n. [L. continuiiai.'}
The being continuous ; close union of parts ; cohesion.
Oon-tin'tt-OIUI (•tTn'tt-iis), a. [L. amtmutu.'] 1.
Without break or interruption ; constant ; protracted.
2. Not interrupted ; not jointed or articulated. — Oon-
tln'tt-OIIS-ly, odr.
Hjn, — CoKTwrotm ; CoiminTAL. — Con/inttous means
that the union of parts is uninterrupted. Continual
marks a close succession of things, rather than abeolute
continuity. See CoMSTAirr.
Oon-torf (-t6rf), r. /. [L. eoniorqwre^ -tortum ; con'
-I- forqttere to twist] To twist, or twist tof;ether; to
distort; to wrest — Oon-tOr'ttoll, Oon-tOT'Slon (-ter*-
shttn), «. — Oon-tor'ttve (•tdr'tTv), a.
Oon-tOV' (-t«Br^, n. [K. ; eon- -f toumer to turn.]
Outline of a body, or line that bounds *, periphery.
Oonlra-lMlld (kSn'tri-bind), n. [It. eonimbbnndo;
contra -\- bando ban, proclamation.] 1. ' IHegal traffic.
2. Goods whose importation or exportation is forbidden.
— ff. Prohibited by law or treaty.
Oon-tnot' (kBn-trSkf), v. t. [L. eoniraherfy -tractum ;
e<m- -}- irahere to draw.] 1. To draw together or
nearer ; to shorten or lessen. 2. To wrinkle ; to knit.
3. To incur ; to acquire. 4. To bargain for. 6. To be-
trotli ; to affiance. 6. To shorten (a word) by omitting
letters, or consolidating vowels or syllables.— r. i. 1.
To shrink. 2. To covenant ; to airree.
8yn. — To shorten ; abridee ; epitomize ; narrow ; less-
en: condense ; reduce ; confine ; in
III. VUIIUCUIK7 « icuutc, «;vuuuT7 « ■u\;ut , i— oiiiiin
Ooiltiaot(k5n'trSkt),a. Contracted.— n. 1. Legal
agreement to do, or to abstain from doing, some act ;
compact. 2. A formal betrothhig of a man and woman.
Ryu. — See (Jovinant.
Oontraot'ad (kSn-trSk'tSd), a. 1. Drawn together;
ahnmken. 2. IlUbrral : selfish. 3. Bargained for ; be-
trothed. — Oon-tnct'ad-ly, adv. — Ooii-trmcf«d-B«M,n.
Oon-tnustl-ble (-tT-h'l), a. Capable of contraction. ~
Oon-tncH-Ue-ness. Oon-traot'l-bfll-ty, n.
Oon-tnctlle (-triSk'tTl), a. [FJ Tending to con-
tract ; able to shrink. — Oon^tno-ttfl-ty, n.
Ckm-trac'tion, n. 1. A contracting, nr shrinking. 2.
An incurring or becoming subject to (liabilities, debtn, a
disease, etc.). 3. Something contracted or abbreviated,
as a word or phrase. 4. The Hhortening of a word, or of
two word«, by omiMion of lettera, or by reducing two or
more vowels or syllahlea to one. [tracting. I
Oon-tractlve (-tTv). n. Tending to contract; con-|
Oon-tnct'or (kSn-trSk'tSr), n. [L.] One who con-
tracts or bargains ; one who oovenanta to perform certain
work at a certain price.
OmrtnrdUUi^ (kSn'tri-dina'), n. Danoe in which
the partners stand face to face, or in opposite Unas.
OOBtra-dlof (-dTktO, r. t, A i, iL eontradicere,
•dictum ; contra -^ dieere to speak.] To assert the con-
trary of ; to gainsay. — OOBtni-dlm'or (-dTkOir), n.
Ooa'tn-dlOllQa, n. IL. eontradiettc.) Denial of the
truth of a statement. 2. Direct opposition ; inconMst-
ency; incongruity; contrariety.
Oon^tim-dlonT* (-dTk'tTv), a. Contradictory.
Oon'tn-dlotO-ry (-dTk^r^), a. l. Afflrminc the
contrary ; mutually contradicting ; inconsistent 2. Op-
poshig; repugnant — n. A proposition which denies
another ; contrariety. — Oon'tni'diOt'O-zt-lyt adv. —
0on'tni-41oto-i1-ii6ss, n.
OOB'tni-dls-tillOt' (-dTs-tTfiktO, a. Distinguished by
opposite quaUties. — Ooo'tim-dte-tillOlllNI (-tTak'shHu),
n. — 00ll<tim-dte-ti]l0ltV« (-tTpkniv), a._An,
Todls-
Oon'tn-dte^ln'ffiilali (-tTfi^lsb ; 45), r. /.
tinguish by a contrast of opposite qoalitiea.
Oonm-lB'dl^att (-Tn'df-kSt), V, t. To indicate (by
a svmptom) some method of treatment oontrary to that
which the general tenor of the case would seem to re-
quire. - OoBtra-ln'dl-Mitkm, Ooatra-lB^dl-otiit, n.
OOB-tnd^O (k5n-tHU^), n. & a. [It, fr. contra +
alto. See Alto.] Alto; countertenor.
Oon'tn-ll'e-ty (-tr*-rit-tj^), n. 1. A being contrary ;
antagonism. 2. Thing inconsistent with something else.
ISyn. — Consistency ; discrepancy ; repugnance.
Oontra-ll-ly (•rT-lf), adv. In a contrary manner.
Oontim-zt-lMU, n. Contrariety.
Oontim-ll-WlM' (-wIzO, adv. 1. On the contranr ;
on the other hand. 2. In a contrary order ; conversely.
OOB^tra-nr (-tri-ry or -trt-rf ; 2), a. [OE. & F. eon-
trairty fr. C eontrariuSy fr. contra. See Comtra-.] 1.
Opposite ; adverse. 2. Opposed ; repugnant ; inconsist-
ent 3. Given to opposition ; nerverse. 4. Affirming
the opposite ; so opposed as to destroy each other. — n.
1. A thing of opposite oualities. 2. The opposite : a pro|>-
ositlon, fact, or condition incompatible with another.
HjTk, — Adverse ; repugnant ; hostile ; inconsistent
Oon-trasf (kSn-tristO, V. i. & t. [F. eontragtrr, fr. L
contra -{- stare to stand.] To stand In opposition.
Oonlnst (kSntrist), ». 1. A contrasting, or being
contrasted. 2. Opposition of qualities ; unlikeness.
Oon'tra-ymiO' (kon^tri-vSnOf **• t- [I^ contra -f- venire
to come.] 1. To come into conflict with; to oppose.
2. To violate ; to nullify. — Oon'tn-TmllOB, n.
Syn. — To contradict ; set aside ; nullify : thwart.
II OOB'tFO-teillpl' (kdNar^-tiiir'), n. [F., fr. confre (L.
contra) 4- temps time, L. tempus.) Mishap ; hitch.
Oon-tnlKnto (kOn-trTyttt), r. /. [L. contribucrf,
-Jnitum ; con- -(- tribuere to impart] To give in conuncm
with others ; to give (money or aid) for a specified object
— r. {. 1. To Md a common purpose. 2. To assist
Oon'trt-trntton (kSn^trT-bS'shOn), f». 1. A contrib-
uting. 2. That which is contributed.
Omi-tllVll-tlTe (-trTVU-tTv), a. Contributing.
Oon-tlllKll-tor (-tSr), n. One that contributes ; one
who writes articles for a newspaper or magazine.
Ckm-tltb'a-tO-ry (-t^-rj^), a. Contributing to the same
stock or purpose ; promoting the same end.
Oontrite (kOn'trit), a. [L. conterere, -tritumy to
bruise ; ron- -\- terere to grind.] Broken down with
grief and penitence ; humbly penitent — Oonllltcly,
a<fr. — Oontrtte^nenm Oon-tntlcni (-trTshOin). n.
Syn. — (^NTKrnow; ATTRmow ; R«nnrrAKCt: peni-
tence : hunilHntion : compunction ; sel'-reproach ; re-
morse. — Con tn tion is deep sorrow and self -condemnatlou.
with thorough repentance for sin bocanse it is displearing
to God. Attrition is imperfect repentance produced by
fear of punishment or a sense of the baseness of sin.
Repentnnce Is a penitent renunciation of sin ; thorough
repentance produces a new life. See Comptvctiok.
S, 8, 1, 9, a, long ; &, «, 1, 5, tt, t, short ; ssnUte, «vmit, tdea, 6bey, ttnite, c4rs, Knn, Ask, nn, itaML
CONTRIVABLE
131
CONVEXO-CONVEX
OOB-lltV'A-Uo (k5a4riv'&.bn). a. Capable of boing
contriTod, planned, invented, or deviaed.
Om-tllT'Alloet n. 1. A contriving or planning. 2.
Thing contrived or planned ; acheme ; artiiice.
Stii. — Plan ; ■oheme ; invention ; machine ; project ;
dedgu : artifice ; shift. See Dbvicb.
OoB-tllTS't ». t' [OF. controvert F. controuver; con-
4- irouver to find.] To form by an exercise of ingenu-
ity ; to invent. — r. t. To acheme ; to plot.
Srn. — To invent ; plan : design : project ; concert
OOB-trol' (-trSlO* ». [F. controie a counter register,
cootr. fr. corUre-rdle; contre (L. contra) -f »"^« roll»
catalogue.] 1. That which aervea to check or hinder ;
restrauit. 2. Power to restrain ; government.
Syn. — See Dxbsctioh.
— ▼. /. [Formerly written eomptrol and controul."] To
govern ; to rMrul^ ; to overpower. — Oon-trollA-lllAt
a. — OoB-trollft-VU-iMM, Oon-titillft-liai-ty, n.
Syn. — To restrain ; role ; govern ; manage ; goide :
tegolate ; hinder ; direct ; checK ; curb ; counteract.
OOB-trbllar, n. 1. One that controls or restrains.
2. An officer appointed to keep a counter register of ac-
oounta, or to examine or verify accounts. [More com-
monly written comptroller.} — Qtm-tniklm'mp* n.
OoB-trol'IBtllt, n. A controlling ; superintendence.
OOtt'tlO-Tar'ftlal (kSnOr^-vSr'shal), a. Pertaining to
controversy ; disputations. —Ornk'tXt-YtitwUi-lY, adv.
Oon'tlO-VW'slal-lSt, n. A disputant.
Oma^tn-mtwj (-vSr'sj^), n. [L. controveniat fr.
emtira -\- vertuM^ p. p. of vertere to turn.] 1. Conten-
tion ; debate ; discussion. 2. Quarrel ; difference.
Stii. — Dilute : debate : disputation ; disagreement
OoatlO-TMt (-vSrt), V. t. To make matter of contro-
versyj to dispute. — Oontro-vWttr, CkMitro-TflTtlst,
n. — Oon'tio-Tar^-ble. a. — Oon'tro-ver^lily, adr.
Ooota-nui-OF (kSn'tn-mi-sy), n. [L. contumaciOy it.
eontumaXf -aci»^ insolent] 1. Stubborn perverseneas ;
pertinacious resistance to authority. 2. Willful con-
tempt of a lawful aummons, or rules and orders of court
— CkmtB-BUl'olOIIS (-mfshas), a.
Srn. —Stubborn ; obstinate : obdurate : disobedient.
0Mi'tll-in*-l7(-mt-iy).ii. \\m eontumelia.} Insolent
eontempt; disgrace.— Ooil'ta-mtll-OIW, a.
OoB-tOM' (-tusOt ^' '• \X*- eontundcre. -tusum ; con-
4- hmdere to neat j 1. To beat or pound together. 2.
To bruise ; to Injure a part without breaking the skin.
OoB-tttlriini, n. 1. A beating. 2. A bruise.
Oo^ran'dnilll (k^niin'drlim), n. A riddle baaed
npoo resemblance between things quite unlike.
Qu^T^Xmo^ (kSn'v&.lSa'), v. i. [L. convaletcere ;
eon- -f- valescere to grow strong, v. incho. of valere to be
atrong.] To recover health and strength gradually, after
■icknesa. — Oon'Ta-lwi'oeilt a. An. — Oon'Ta-lM'-
oeUM (-ISs'sens), 00ll'¥a-l«l'06ll-€7 (-een-sj^), n.
Oon-TMIO' (-v8nO, v. i. & t. [L. convenire ; con- -|-
t*enire to come.] To collect ; to assemble ; to unite.
OoB-TmiiMIM (-vSn'yens ; 26), ) n. 1. A being ooo-
Oon-TMI'ten-OF (-y«n-sy)t f venient; fitness;
propriety. 2. Base ; accommodation. 3. That which pro-
motes comfort or advantage. 4. Fit time ; opportunity.
Ocak-ynafkni (-yent), a. [L. conveniens^ -eniUf p. pr.
of eonvenire to suit] 1. Affordingaccommodation or ad-
vantage ; adi^ited to use ; handy. 2. Seasonable ; timely.
3. Emlfj of access. IColloq.'] — Oon-Yenleilt-ly, adv.
STn.— Fit; suitable: proper; adapted; commodious.
Oon'rvnt (kOn'vfint), n. [L. conrentut a meeting, LL.
also, a convent. See ComnxK.] 1. A community of re-
ligioaa redoaea ; body of monks or nuns. 2. Monastery ;
nonnery.
Syn. — See Cloistbb.
OoOi-wmifti-iiU (-ven^T-kn), n. [L. eonventieulum.']
An assembly ; esp., one for rdlgious worship.
Ooil-Tmi'tlai, A. 1. A convening or being brought
togetber ; union. 2. General concurrence ; usage. 3.
A meeting of delegates for some specific object \. An
agreement preliminary to a treaty ; formal agreement be-
tween governments
Oon-TentlOll-al (k5n-vSn'shttn-<il), a. 1. Formed bv
agreement ; stipulated. 2. Growing out of custom or tacit
agreement; formal.— Oon-Ton'tlOll-al-ly, oJr.^Oon-
Yentton-al-im, Ooii-Teii'tloii-All-ty (-siT-ty), n.
Oon-Ten^-al (-tA-al ; 40), a. Pertahning to a con-
vMit ; monastic. — n. A monk or nun ; a reduae.
Oon-vergV' (-▼JrjOi v. i. [Pref. con- -f L. vergere to
turn.] To tend to <Mie point ; to draw together. — Oon-
▼MT'fftiioe, Ooii-y«i'(«n-07, n. — OoB-v«r'K«nt, a.
Oon-TCn'A-ble (-vSrs'&.bn), a. LF.1 Qualified for
converaation ; sociable. — Oon-VOn'A-bly, adv.
Oon'rar-Bailt (k5n'v8r-8ant), a. [L. converaan*^ p. pr.
of conrer<aH.1 1. Haring customary intercourse ; well
acquainted. 2. Familiar by use or study ; versed.
OOll'Ttr-sattoll (-si'shfin), n. [F., f r. L. conreraaiio.']
1. Familiar intercourse; intimate association. 2. Co.-
loquial discourse ; informal dialogue. — Oon^TUT-SA^oa-
al, n. — Oon'vtr-M'tkMi-al-lst, Oon'vtr-M'tlon-lst n.
Syn. — CoHTxasATioN : Talk ; intercourse ; commun-
ion : commerce ; discourse : dialogue ; colloquy ; chat. —
Talk is usually broken, familiar, and versatile. Conversa-
tion is more continuous, and on topics of higher interest
OoOrWWWd^ (kSu-vSrs'), V. i. [L. conversqfi to associ-
ate with ; eon- -f- versari to be turned, vertere to turn.]
1. To hold intimate intercourse. 2. To interchange
thoughts informally ; to chat
Syn. — To commune ; discourse ; talk ; chat
Oon^erse (k5n'vSrs), n. 1. Frequent intercourse;
familiar association. 2. Conversation; chat.
Oon'Ytne, a. Ih. eonverterej -vertum. SeeComrzET.I
Turned about; reciprocaL ^ n. A proposition formed
by interchanging the terms of another. — CkMlMrwse-ly
(kSnfrHn-W or kSn-vSraOy), adv.
Omk-YtrwUm (-vSr^shfin), n. 1. A converting ; a chan-
ging from one state or condition to another, or the being
changed ; transmutation. 2. Wrongful appropriation of
another's property. 3. A spiritual and moral change
from the service of the world to that of God.
Oon-Ttrt' (k6n-v2rf), r. t. & i. [L. convertere^ -ver-
»um : con- -}- vertere to turn.] 1. To chuige from one
condition to another. 2. To turn from a bad life to a
good one. 3. To divert from the proper use ; to appro-
priate Olegally. — Ckm-TWrf 6r, n.
Syn.— To change; turn: transmute: appropriate.
Oon^Vrt (kSn'vSrt), n. One converted from one opinion
to another : one who turns from unbelief to Christianity.
Syn. — CoiffvsaT ; Pbosbltts ; Pesvbrt ; neophyte.
— A convert turns from what he believes erroneous faith
or practice, in religion , politics, etc. Proselyte first meant
an adherent of one religious system who truisf erred him-
self to some other religious system. Pervert is the con-
trary of convert^ and eiigmatues a person as drawn off or
perverted from truth.
Oon-vart'l-ble (-v3ri/T-b*l), a. 1. Capable of being
converted ; transformable. 2. Capable of being exchanged
or Interchamred ; reciprocal. —Oon-TMt 'i-bl« -non,
OoaY«it'l-t>n'i-ty.n. — Oon-Ttrn-Uy, adv.
Oon'vez (kOn'vSks), a. [L. convexus^ fr. eonvehere to
bring tof^ther.] Rising or swelling into
a rounded form ; regularly protuberant ;
Zl?:^i^J^^'^Z:^'^^^iS^ Section of Conve,.
or surface.— Con'TOZ-IIMS, 00B-T6S'- ©r Plano^ouvt- x
•d-IMM, Oon-TOZl-ty, n. — OOH'TOZ- Lent.
ly, adv.
Doohls convex, convex on both sides ; convexo-convex.
Ooil-V«S'0-OOll'oaY« (-v6ka^-k8!j'-
k£v), a. Convex on
one side, and concave
Section of Doiihit on the other. See
Convex, or Con- Mkniscus. o « .. . « ^ • «# n^^
vjx^onvex. Ooj-T^'OH)aii;T6« %7xV-%Vn'.?v^
*^"'- (-k5n'v«ks), o. Con- Lens.
vex on both sides ; double convex.
f «ra, rso0&t, 6rb, r^|da, f^ IUb, f<rod» f«n>t, out, oU, eliair, so, sins, ink, then, ttiln.
CONVEXO-PLANE
132
COPPERHEAD
Ooii-
OOtt-Ttl'O-BUBf (k5o.T«ks^.pIIn/), a. Oootm on
one aide, and flat on the other ;_pUno^»mTM.
OOB-TVy' (Mo-tV), ». /. [OF. eonvoier, fr. L. eon- +
via wav.l I. To carry ; to transport. 2. To transmit.
3. To deiirer to another ; to legally transfer (property or
real Mtate). 4. To impart or oommnnicate.
Sjn.— Tu carry : transport : hear ; transmit ; transfer.
CNm-TVy'ailce, n. l. A conyeying; carriage. 2. Means
of carrying anything; Tehide. 3. Transmission. 4.
' transfer of property, esp. real estate.
_ . J-Vty'ail-oer (-on^r), n. One wL o draws up oon-
▼eyanoes of property, deeds, mortgages, leases, etc.
Oon'YlOt (kBn'vTkt), n. One conricted of crime.
Syn. — Malefactor ; culprit ; felon ; criminaL
OOB-Vlof (k5n-TlktO, V. t. [L. eonvincere, -rictum.
Bee GomriHCS.] 1. To find, or pronounce, guilty of a
crime. 2. To demonstrate by evidence ; to prove.
Oon-Vtotkni (-vrk'shfiu), n. 1. A convicting ; a prov-
ing guilty of an offense. 2. Judgment of condemnation
or state of being found guiltv. 3. A convincing of error ;
confutation. C Strong belief ; sense of sin.
Ofm-Yino^ (-vine'), V t. [L. convinctre^ -victunit to
prove; eon- -\- vincere to conquer.] To overcome by
araument ; to satisfy by proof . — OoB-ylll'cl-lde, a.
8yn. — To'CoHviNca ; riBsuADa ; satisfy ; convict. —
To convince is au act of the understanding ; to persuade^
ot the will or feelings.
Oon-Ttvl-al (-vTv'T-«l), a. [L. convirium a feast ; con-
+ vivere to live.] Relating to a feast or entertainment ;
festive ; social : gay ; jovial. — Oon-vlT'l-All-ty (-»'-)» «•
Ooa'TO-oa'don (kOn^v^.kS'shlin), n. [L. conrocaiio ;
eon- -{- vocare to call.] 1. A calling or assembling by
summons. 2. A meeting. 3. Deliberative assembly of
the clergy by representatives.
8yn. — Congress ; diet ; convention ; sjmod ; council.
Ooa-TOk»' (-vSk'), V. t. [L. convocare.'\ To call to-
gether ; to summon to meet ; to assemble by summons.
Syn. — See Call.
Oon^VO-lVte (k8n'v«>lut), Oon'TO-lQ'tOd, a. [L. eon-
volveret'Volutum. See CoMvoLva.] Rolled together, one
part upon another ; — said of leaves of plants.
Oon'TO-lntlOIl, n. 1. A rolling anything upon itself,
or one tiling upon another ; a winding motion. 2. An
irreinilar, tortuous folding of a physical organ or part.
Oon-VOlT*' (-v51v'), V. t. [L. amvolverey -rolutum;
eon- -\- volvere to roll.] To roll or wind together.
Oon-TOl'Vll-llUI (-TOl'vtt-lQs), n. [L., bindweed, fr.
eonvotrere.} A genus of plants, including bindweed.
Ocm-voy' (k6n-voi'), V. t. [F. conroyer. See Comntr.]
To accompany for protection ; to escort.
Oon'TOy (k5n'voi), n. [F. convert.] 1. An attending
for defense; protection. 2. Vessel, fleet, or train of
wagono, under an armed escort. 3. A protecting force.
Oon-VQlM' (-vUls^, 1'. /. [L. convellere^ -ndmrn^ to
shake ; eon- -f- vellere to pull.] To contract violently and
irregularly ; to shake with spasms.
Oon-TU'siOII (-vfil'shOn), n. 1. Violent and involun-
tary muscular contraction of an animal body. 2. Violent
agitation. ^Oon-TUl'sive, a. — Oon-yiil'giTo-ly, odP.
Ot/nj (k^ny or kiin'y), n. [OF. connin^ L. ctinicf/ZtM.]
1. (a) A European rabbit. (6) The chief hare. 2. (a)
An edible West Indian fish, (b) The English burbot.
OOO (k5&), V. i. 1. To make a low repeated sound,
like pigeons or doves. 2. To act in a loving way.
Ooidt (kd6k), n. [AS. cdc^ fr. L. coqnere to cook.]
One who prepares food for the table. — r. t. 1. To pre-
pare (food) by boiling, roasting, baking, etc. 2. To tam-
per with or garble. \^CoHoq.']
000k'ar*7 (-?r-y), n. The preparing food for the table.
Oo6k^^, 0o<>k'O7, Oookle (^ ), n. [Cf. D. koek cake.]
A small, d it, sweetened cake.
00(d (k65l), a. [AS. cdl.] 1. Moderately cold ; lacking
In warmtlu 2. Not ardent or passionate ; deliberate ;
aelf-poeseseed. 3. Not retaining heat ; light. 4. Mani-
fartfaig cokhMM or diiUks. 6. Qatotly impndank ; pra-
■uming; audadons.
8yn. — Calm; dlapaMtoqate ; ■eU-poMeMod; oon-
poaad ; repuUvo ; frW ; aUenatod ; Impodent.
— ». A moderate stato of cold ; coolnesa. — v. I. ft t
To make or grow cool ; to allay ; to calm; to moderate.
— 00d'lsll(k6&lTsh),a.— 00Qll7,a<fr.~00Ql1lMI,».
OOfd'ar, ». 1. That which cools, or abates beat or
excitement. 2. Anything for cooling liquida, etc
000l7,000ato(k55nj^),fi. [Hind.Mik] An East In-
dian porter or carrier ; oriental laborer.
Ooom (k5Gm), n. [Cf . O. kakm mold.! Soot ; refoae.
Ooomb (kSdm), fi. [AS. cumbA A dry measure of
fourbushels, or half a quarter, [wri
'" (k55n), «. A raccoon.
?k66p), n.
vritten also comb.^
Obop (k65p), n. [Cf. AS. eypa measure, fr. L. eupa
tub.] Pen for small animals ; grated box for confining
poultry, -i-v. /. To confine in a coop ; to cramp.
OOQP'er (kd6p^), n. A maker of coops, barrels,
casks, etc. — v. /. To do the work of a cooper unon.
OOQP'ar-Age, n. 1. Work done by a cooper. 2. Price
paid for coopers* work. 3. A cooper's shop.
Oo-tfp^or-Ato (kA-5j/2r-St), V. i, [L. eocperari, -atu$;
CO- -f- opus work.] To operate Joiutly with others ; to
concur. — Oo-lfp^tr-Alloil, n. — Oo-tfp^«r-a-tlV9(-4-tTv),
a. — Oo-tfp'ar-a'tor (-i'tSr), n.
Oo4fl^d-lUlte (-Or'dT-ntt), a. [Pref. co- -f- L. ordi-
nare^ -atum^ to regulate.] Equal in rank or order;
not subordinate. — r. /. 1. To put in the same order or
rank. 2. To adjust.— n. 1. One of two or more per-
sons or things of equal importance. 2. pi. Lines, etc,
defining the mathematical position of any point with re-
spect to certain fixed lines, or planes, called codrdinate
axes and coordinate planes. — U(Mfr'd^-liat6>ly, adv.
Oo-ttrdt-natlOlIu n. 1. A co5rdinating; harmoni-
ous ad justment 2. A being coordUiate or oqual.
Ooot (k55t), f». [Cf. D7torf.-\ 1. (») A wading bird
with lobate toes, (b) Surf duck. 2. A simpleton.
Oop (kSp), n. [AS.] Ball of wound thread.
Oo-pallNi (k«-E«'b4), ) n. [Sp. & Pg., fr. BnuU. cit-
Oo-paHfYtL (-v4), ) paiiba.} Medichial oleoreaiu
of a tree of South America and the West Indies.
Oo'pAl (k^pan, n. [Sp., fr. Mexican eopaUi realn.]
Resin used in making varnishes.
CkKMT'ce-lUI-rF (kft-pSr's^-nt-rf ), Oo-pAl'oe-BT (-nj^),
w. [Pref. CO' -f parcenary.'] Partnership In iuherit-
auce ; joint right of inheriUnce. — Oo-pftl^OO^Ber, n,
Oo-part'lMr (-pHrfner), n. Joint partner ; sharer.
Oo-part'nar-iibip, n. 1. The being a copartner.
2. A partnership or firm.
OOM (k3p), n. [Doublet of cape.] 1. A covering
for the head. 2. An ecclesiastical cloak. 3. The top
part of a flask or mold used in foundries.
Cope, v.i. & t. [D. koopen to buy.] To encounter;
to meet ; to combat.
Oop^-«r (k9pT-^r), n. 1. One who copies ; one who
writes or transcribes from an original. 2. An Imitator ;
a plagiarist.
Oop'lliff (kS'pTng), n. [See Cope, n.] The highest
course of masonry in a waU.
WjA-OOM (-pT-tis), a. [L. eopiosusj fr. copia abun-
dance.] Large; ample; plentiful — Oo^-QOM-ljt adv.
Syn. — See Amplb.
Oo'pi-OilS-lieHl, n. Plenty ; also, diffuseness in style.
Syn. — Abundance ; plenty; richness; exuberance.
Oop'per (kSp'pSr), n. [L. cuprum^ f r. Or. Kvirptoc of
Cyprus, renowned for Its copper mines.] 1. A metsl
of reddish color, ductile and malleable, and very tena-
cious. 2. A coin, also a boiler, made of copper, ^r.7.
To cover or coat with copper.
Oop'per-M (•^), n. [L. euprirosa.'] Green vitriol ;
sulphate of iron. Galled also ferrous stdphate.
Ckipl^-head^ (-hSdO, n. [Fr. iU color.] A poiaoD-
ons American serpent, allied to the i
Sr8i It Sitl«lonf ; ft, fl, 1, 5,tt, t, short; sanftte, tvent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cftra, ftrm, Aak, f^U, flmiL
COPPERPLATE
133
CORNER
Oop'par-plSto' (lE0|/p2r>plSt/), n. (a) Engraved plate
of copper, {b) A print on paper taken from such a plate.
Ooflfiftlt-malXhf (-amTthOt n. A worker in copper.
Ooypar-y i-f), a. Containing, or like, copper.
Oop'^lM (-pla)t n. [OF. copeiz, fr. coper^ couper, to
sut.] A grove of small growth ; thicket.
Oopai (kSpe), n. [Gontr. fr. coppice,! A coppice.
Oop^tlO (kOf/tTk), a. [Abbrev. irora L. Aegyplitu an
Bgyptian.] Pertaining to the Copts, — n. Language of
the Copts.
OoptS (k5pt8), fi. pi. ; ting, Coft (k9pt). 1. An Egyp-
tian race thought to be descendants of the ancient ^yp-
tians. a. Sect of Christiana in the valley of the Nile.
Oop^-la (k5p^-l&), n. [L. See Couplb.] 1. Word
uniting subject and predicate. 2. Stop of an organ con-
necting the manuals, or the mantuds with the p^ala.
Oop^-late (-lit), a, [L. copulare^ Aatum^ to couple. 1
Joining subject and predicate. —f. i. To have sexiuu
intercourse. — Oop^U-lA'tiOIL n. — Oop^-lft-ttTO, a. & n.
Oop'y (kCp'y), n. [F. copie, fr. h.^copia abundance,
number, LL. also, a transcript ; co- -j- root of opa riches.]
1. An imitation or reproduction of an original work.
2. Book, or set of books, containing an author^s works.
3. Model ; example. 4. Manuscript or printed matter
to be set up in tvpe.
Ootr book, book of copies for learners to imitate.
Syn. — Imitation ; transcript ; duplicate ; counterfeit.
•^v.t.&i. 1. To write, print, engrave, or paint, after
an original ; to duplicate ; to transcribe. 2. To imitate.
00|^-«r, Oop^-lStt n. A copier ; imitator ; plagiarist.
Ora^-gn|dl (-gr&f), n. A contrivance for producing
manifold copies of a writing or drawing.
Oopy-tiglkV i-vW), n. Right of an author or his
asftirnee, under statute, to publish his literary or artistic
work, to the exclusion of all other persons. — r. I. To
secure a copyright on.
Oo-quet' (kd-kStO, v. t. [See CoQunn.] To attempt
to attract the admiration or love of, with intent to <^ Jsap-
point. — r. i. To triHe in love ; to llirt. — Oo-qnet'ry, n.
Oa-l[a«tte' (kd-k8f ), n. [F., fr. coquet ^ coquette^ co-
quettish, strutting, fr. coo acock.] 1. A triding woman,
who seeks admiration ; a flirt. -^ Oo-qnet'tisll, a.
II CkHIIllIU (kd-kg'nA), n. [Sp., shellfish.] A soft,
eoral-like stone, used for roadbeds and building material.
Oor'A-Cle (k5r'A-k'l), n. [W. corwgl, fr. eoncg any
round body or vessel.] A boat made by covering a
wicker frame with leather or oilcloth.
OOf'al (-ol), n. [OF. ; L. coraUum, fr. Or. mMoAAioi^.]
1. Skeleton of various Anthozoa, and of a few Hydrozoa
and BryoBoa. 2. Ovaries of a cooked lobster ; — so
called from their color. 3. A piece of coral used as a
cbild*s plaything.
OorlMUl (kdr'bSn^, n. [Heb. qorban.'] 1. A Jew-
ish oblation, or offering to Ood. 2. An alms basket ; a
church treasury.
OOI'IMI (-b«l), n. [F. corbeauy it. L. corbis basket.] A
bracket. — v. t. To furnish with, or support by, corbels.
Oord (kdrd), n. [F. corde^
L. chorda catgut, chord, cord,
fr. Or. x«P*^-l i- A »tring» «'
small rope. 2. A solid meas-
ure, equivalent to 128 cubit
feet ; a pile 8 feet long, 4 feet
high, and 4 feet broad. 3. A
tendon; nerve. —r. t. 1. To
bind, ornament, or finish with
cords. 2. To pile (wood, etc.)
for measurement by the cord.
Oartl'tge(k8rd/tJ),n. [F.]
Ropes or cords, collectively ;
anything made of rope or cord.
Oor'date (kdr'dtt), a. [L.
cor, cording heart.] Heart-
shaped. — Oor'dato-ly, adv.
CoHacf.
HawM?r
A Plain laid, or
laid, Kope : B
Shmud-Inid Rnp«. four
utmndnaitd n lipurtorcore
(n)i C CaHlt..hiid Rope,
thn'C plain-laid rope* Inid
totTPther withalcft-handed
twist.
Oor'dlal (kfir'jal, formally kOrd'yal ; 26), a. [LL. eor.
dialis, fr. L. cor.} 1. Hearty ; affectionate. 2. Tenduig
to revive or cheer; giving strength or spirits.— >n. £
Anything that comforts and exhilarates. 2. An Invigor-
ati^ and stimulating preparation. 3. Aromatlsed and
sweetened spirit, used as a beverage ; a liqueur. — OOT'-
dlal-ly, adv. - Oor'dlal-iieM, Oor-dlall-ty (k8r-jii'T-ty
ork8r'dT-n'.;26),n.
Syn. — See Hkabtt.
Oor'dOll (kar^dOn ; F. kdr/dON'), n. [F., fr. corde.
See Co&D.] 1. A cord or ribbon bestowed as a badge of
honor. 2. A series of sentinels, or of military posts.
Oor'dll-roy' (kOr'dfi-roiOt n. [F. corde du roi king's
cord.l 1. A cotton velveteen, having the surface raised
in ridges. 2. pi. Trousers or breeches of corduroy. —
r. /. To form of logs laid side by side.
Ckvdvroy road, a roadway of logs laid side by side across
it ; — so called from its ribbed surface. [O. S.]
Oort (k5r), n. [OF. & L. cor heart.] 1. The heart
or inner part of a thing, as of a column, wall, rope, of a
boil, etc. ; central part of fruit, containing the seeds.
2. Most important part of a thing ; essence. 3. Portion
of a mold which shapes the interior of a hollow casting.
4. Bony central axis of animals* horns, ^v.t. 1. To
take out the core (of an apple, etc.). 2. To form (a hole
in a casting) by means of a core. — OOT'tr, n.
OCll-A'GMnifl (kS^rT-a'shOs), a. [L. coriaceus, fr. co-
rium leather.] Consisting of, or like, leather ; tough.
OCzt-ail'dar (-SnMSr), n. [L. coriandrum.^ An un-
belliferous plant, whose spicy seeds are stomachic and
carminative.
Oorlnth (kOrTnth), n. [Or. KtSptvtfof.] A city of
Oreece; an order of architecture named from it.— Oo-
rln'tlii-Ao, a.— Oo-rlnthi-aii, a. & n.
Oork (kdrk), n. [Sp. corcho, fr. L. corfer, corticU,
bark, rind.] 1. The outer bark of the cork tree, used
to make stoppers for bottles and casks. 2. A stopper.
•— r. t. To stop, or fit, with cork.
Oork trss, a European oak whose bark furnishes cork.
Oorkfaorvw' (kdrk'skruO* »• An instrument with a
steel spiral for drawing corks from bottles.
OotVJ (-3^), a. 1. Consisting of, or like, ,
cork ; dry. 2. Tastine of cork. I
Oor'mo-railt (kdr'ms-rant), n. [F. eor-
moran; L. corvus tnarintu sea raven.]
1. A sea bird having a sac under the beak.
2. A glutton. —o. Ravenous.
Ckim (kdm), n. [L. comu horn.] A
thickening of the epidermis, esp. on the
toes, by friction or pressure.
Oom, n. [AS.; akin to L. ^annm. Cf.
Oraik, Kkrmel.] 1. A single seed of
wheat, rye, maize, etc. ; a grain. 2 . Farina- Corkacrew.
oeous grains of cereal grasses. 3. Plants
producing com. 4. A small, hard particle ; a grain. — •
V. i. 1. To preserve snd season with salt In grains ; to
cure by salting. 2. To form into grains ; to granulate.
3. To feed with com.
Ckim'OOb' (kdm'kOV), n. The rob or axis on which
the kernels of Indian com grow. [U. S."]
Oom'orakd' (-krikO, n. Bird frequenting grain fields.
OOf'ne-A (kdr'nt-A), n. [L. cometu homy, fr. comn
horn.] Transparent part of the eyeball, which admits
light to the interior.
CkHT'liel (-n51), n. [OF. comille, LL. eomolium^ fr. L.
comu horn.] Shrab bearing very acid) edible drupes
re8«>mbling cherrieR.
Oor-nellan (k9r-nSl'y/m), n. [F. comaline^ fr. L.
com«, fr. its homy appearanop.] Camelian.
Oor'ne-OILI (k8r'ni-n ). a. [L. comeui.} Homy ; hard.
Oor'nar (-nSr), n. [OF. comirrcy fr. L. coimu hom,
point.] 1. Point where converging lines meet ; angle.
2. Space between converging lines or walls. 3. Edge
or extremity ; any quarter or part. 4. Secluded place ;
fim, TCoent, 6rb, r^de, f^jdl, ttruf fdbd, f<jbt, out, oil, obair, co, ainc ink, then, tlilii.
CORNERWISE
134
CORROBORATION
nook. 6. Conditton produced when • combtnation of
persona buy up a 8pe<:lea of property, and enhance iU
price f^rww*' Can/]— r. /. 1. To drive into a comer,
or poaitlon of embarraMment. 2. To get command of (a
stock, commodity, etc.), so aa to put one's own price on iL
Oomer stone, stone at the comer of two walls, uniting
them : thing of fundamental Importance or indispensable.
CkV'llMr-WlM' (kOr'uSr-wixO, adv With the comer
in front; diagonally ; not square.
CkVlMt (-nSt), n. [F., dim. of coinie horn, L. comu.']
1. (a) A brass wind instraraent. (6) A certain organ
stop or register. 2. Former title of the standard bearer
of a troop of cavalry. — Oor'liet-oy, n.
Oor'nlOt (-nTit), n. [It. ; f r. L. coronit a curved line,
flourish.] Horizontal architectural projection, which
crowns or finishes the part to which it is aflSxed.
Ooni'lllllOlt (kOra'shOkO, n. The husk covering an
ear of Indian oom. [CoUoq. U. 5.]
Ooni'toUlk' (-•tftkOt n. A stalk of Indian com.
Ckim'ltaroll' (-sUUrchO, »• Starch made from Indian
com, esp. a fine white flour for puddings, etc.
OoTBV-OO'pi-A (kOr'nt-kVpT-A), %. [L. comu eopiae.']
1. The liora of plenty, pouring forth fmits and flowers
and typifying abundance. 2. jm. Grasses l>earing spikee
of flowers formed like the comucopia.
OottH (k5r^), n. A corolla.
Oo-roiaA (ke rSini), f». [L.] Inner
envelope of a flower ; part surrounding
the organs of fructification, consisting
of leaves, called petals.
Oor'ol-Unr (Mrajl-lt-ry), %. [L.
eorollarium gift, corollary, fr. corotta ]
Something which follows from the
demonstration of a proposition; an
additional deduction from a demon-
strated proposition ; a consequence. Open (lower, ■how*
00-r0'lia(k*.r5'nA),«. [L., crown.] ioKCorulls.
1. A crown bestowed by the Romans to' honor distin-
guished services. 2. Proiectlnff part of a classic cornice.
3. A circle around a luminous Dody, as the sun or moon.
4. A musical character [C^] called the pause or hold.
Oor'0-lMl (kOr'^-nal, or, esp. in science^ k6-r3'nal), a.
[L coronalis.'] Pert, to a corona (in any of the senses),
to a king's crown or coronation, to the top of the heao,
etc.—n. 1. A crown; garland. 2. The frontal bone.
Oor'O-lUl'IT (kSr^-nft-rj^), a. Like a crown or circlet
^n. A small bone in a horse^s foot.
Oor'O-lUltlon (-nS'shfin), n. The crowning a aoverelgn.
Oor'O-nar (-nSr), n. [A tranaUtlon of iX. coronator.
f r. L. roi-onn crown, the coroner having been an officer m
the crown.] One charged to Inquire into the cause of
mysterious death. [In England formerly also eroten^.']
Oor'0-IMt (-li9t), n. 1. A crown worn aa the mark of
rank lower than sovereignty. 2. The upper part of a
horde's hoof, where the horn terminates in skin.
Ow'pO-ral (kdr'pA-ral), n. [F. eaporait fr. L. oap%U
head. 1 Military officer, next below a sergeant.
OorPO-nd, a. [L. eornornliSf fr. corpus body.] 1.
Belonging to the body ; bodily. 2. Having a iMxfy or
substance ; not spiritual ; material. In this sense usu-
ally written corporeal. — Oor^pO-IBl-ly, adv.
8yn. — CoBPOHAL : Bodily ; Corporbal. — Bodily is op-
posed to mental. Cortunrol refers to the whole physical
structure or nature of the body. Corporal^ m now used,
refers more to puniahnieut or some infliction.
OoTpo-nai-ty (-riUT-ty), f». [L. corporal itnf.'\ Bod-
ily existence ; corport!»ality : — opposed to spiritHality.
Oor^M-rate C-r*'): "• t^. corporare^ -atum^ to shape
Into a body.] 1. Formed hito a body by legal enact-
ment: incorporated. 2. Belonging to a corporation. 3.
United ; collectively one. — Oorh^nit»-ly, odv.
* ' "' * " 'i, n. [L. '■ '
Oorpo-ratloii (-ri'shfin).
ion.] A body politic or corj
transact busineas as an individual.
corjH>r\itio incarna-
tion.] 'a body politic or corporate, legally authorised to
Ooi'P^-im'tor (kfir'p^-ri'tSr), n, A member of a cor-
por^on ; esp., one of the origutal membera.
Oor-po'n-al (kSr-pS'r^-al), a. Having a body ; ma-
terial ; — opposed to spiritual or immaterial.
Srn. — Corporal ; bodily. Bee Corpoeal.
Oor-po^!l«-«l-lim (-Ts'm), n. Materialimn — Oor-po^-
M-al-lst, n.
On-v&n^t'tyi-an'tf), Oor'mwl-tF (-rcrr-ty), ».
A being corporeal ; corporeal exisMnoe.
Oorps (kSr, pi. k5n), n. sing. & pL [F., fr. L. cor-
pus.} Bodv of men ; oiganlzed division oi an army.
OdrpM (kOrpa), n. [OF. cors (sometimes written
corps)^ L. corpiw.j The dead body of a human being.
dor^ra-lMIt (kdr^tt-lent), a. [L. corpulenius, fr. eor-
fat. — Oor'pii-lMiot, Oor^-l0B-oyt n.
pus.} very fat. —
Syn. — Stout; fieshy
II OWpOM (-pfis), n.
bulky ; obeee. See Stout.
tor'miS (-pQs), n.'; pi. dbmroRA (-p^rA). [L.1 A
body, living or dead ; the corporeal substance of a thing.
Oor'VIIS-oto (-pfia-s'l ), n. [L. eorpusculum , dim. of cor-
/MM.] 1. A minute particle ; atom ; molecule. 2. A proto-
plasmic animal cell. —OOT-VIHl'OII-Uur, -<m-l0«B, a.
Oor-ral' (k8r-ria'; 8p. kSr-riU'), n. [Bp., a yard for
cattle, fr. corro circle, fr. L. currtre to run.] A pen
for animals. — r. t. To surround and inclose.
Oor-rtOt' (kOr-rSkf), a. [L. corrigert, -rectum^ to
make straight, to correct ; cor- -f- regere to lead straight.]
Set right, or made straight ; free from error.
Syn. — Right : exact ; regular. See Aocv&atb.
— r. /.I. To make right; to rectify. 2. To remove
the faults of ; to amend. 3. To discipline. 4. To coun-
teract the qualities of one thing by those of another. —
Oor-raotl-bU (-r«k'tT-b'i), Oor-r«ot'A-bl« (-t&-b*i), a.
Syn. — To emend : refwm ; chasten. See Amewd.
Oor-rMtkm (-rfik'shfin), ». l. A correcting, or mak-
ing right what was wrong ; rectification. 2. A reproving
or punishing ; diaoipline ; chastisement. 3. Tliat which
is substituted for what is wrong; an emendation. 4.
Counteraction of what is inconvenient or hurtful In its
effects. 6. Allowance made for inaccuracy. — Oor-nof-
ly, a. — Oor-rtotlMM, n. — Oor-rtot'or, n.
Oorf»-Utf(-r«-lit'),r.<. [Pref. cor- -f fWo/f.] To
have reciprocal relations ; to be mutually related. — r. /.
Toput in relation with each other. — Oor'n-Utloil, n,
CNHT-Ml'A-ttV* (-r^A-tTv), a. Having or indicating
reciprocal relidion.— ». 1. One that stands In a re-
ciprocal relation to some other person or thing. 2. The
antecedent of a pronoun. — OOT-ftl'A-tlTt-ly, adv.
OoriMMBd' (-r*-sp5nd0, r. i. [Pref. c
spond.} I. To be like something else in dimensions ana
arrangement of parts. 2. To be adapted ; to agree. 3.
To have intercourse ; to communicate by letters.
Syn. — To agree : fit ; answer ; suit ; write.
CXM^n-spoad'eilM, n. 1. Friendly Intercourse ; ex-
change of civilities ; intercourse by letters. 2. Letters
between correspondents. 3. Mutual adaptati<m of one
thing to another ; congmity ; fltneaa ; relation.
OOT^re ■ponfl'ont. n . Suitable ; fit ; corresponding ;
willing.— n. 1. One with whom Intercourse is carried on
by letter. 2. One who commtmicates information, by
letter or telegram, to a newspaper, individual, or firm. —
Oorr»«poiid'eiit-ly, adv.
Oonv-spOBdlBf, a. 1. Answering; agreeing. 2.
Communicathig bylettera. —Ootn-KpooA'mg'lft odv.
00ff^-4or (•rT.dSr}, ft. [F., fr. L. currcrc to run.] A
gallery leading to inaependent apartments.
OorSlgl-Ue (-jT-b'l), a. [LL. corHgibUis, fr. L.
corriffere to correct.! 1. Capable of being set right or
reformed. 2. Submissive to correction ; docile.
Oor-nrtKo-imilt (-rSb^-ront), a. Supporting; cor-
roboratinjK. — •». Anything which strengtliens ; tonic.
Oor-rob'O-rmte (-rSt), v. L [L. eorroborarCy -ratum ;
cor- -f robur strength. Y To make more certain ; to con-
firm ; to eeubiish. — Oor-Tob'o-rm-ttTt, Oor-rob'o-ra-
to-ry, a. — Oor-rob^o-ntSoo, n.
if. cor- -f re-
E, », 1, 5, a, long ; ft, fi, 1, 5, «. t. short ; seoUte, « vent. Idea. 6bey. Anite, cAre, Jlrm, Ask, nD, finoL
CORRODE
135
COTTER
' (k8r>r8d0. v. t. [L. eorrodere^ -rotum ; eor-
-|- rodere to gnaw.] 1. To eat away by degrees. 2. To
ooosaiiie ; to Impair. — v. i. To be subject to corrosioa.
•Oor-fodl-bto (rO'dT.bl), Oor-ro'it-iae, a.
8yn« — To canker ; gnaw ; nut ; waste ; wear away.
Oor-IOd'eBtf n. Anything that corrodes.
Oor-lO'sloaC-rO^xhfin),!!. CorrosiTe change.
Oor-lO'Btva (-sTv)* a. Eating away ; destropng the tex-
tore or substaiice of a body. — n. Tliat which eats or
wears away, frets, or irritates.
Oofm-ClltA (-rn^t), a. [L. eorruamre^ -gaium ; ear-
-^rugawrltMe.] Wrinkled; crumpled; contracted into
ridges and farrows. — r. t. To wrinkle, draw, contract,
or parse up. —CXM^ru-ga'tlaB, n.
Ow-trnp^ (-rfiptO, **' [li* eorrumperey -ruptum: eor-
-f- rumpere to break.] ll Changed from a sound to a
potrid state ; unsound. 2. Depraved ; not genuine or cor-
rect. — V. /. 1. To change from a soond to a putrid or
patreeoHit state, or from good to bad ; to defile. 2. To
entice from rectitude and duty. 3. To falsify. 4. To
BpoiL — V. {. 1. To putrefy ; to rot. 2. To become viti-
ated.—Oor^vptlrble, a. — Oor-nipll-1d«-iieM, Oar-
npti-Mll'ty, M. — Oor-nipC'iieM, n.
Oor^Mtton (-rfip^shfin), n. 1. A corrupting or making
patrid ; deterioration. 2. Putrid matter. 3. A corrupt-
mg or impairing integrity or moral principle; loss of
parity ; deprarity ; bribery. 4. Change for the worse.
Syn. — Putrescence ; putrefaction; pollution; deflle-
nant ; adulteration ; taint. See DEPRAYrnr.
Oor-mpll¥0 (-tTv), a. Tainting or vitiating.
Oor-mpfly, adv. in a corrupt manner ; wrongfully.
Oor^Mge (kbr'stj), ». [F.] Bodice of a lady's dress.
Ooi'WIV (-str), n. [F. corMire, LL. corsaritu^ fr. L.
eursuM course.] 1. A pirate. 2. A piratical vessel.
OoiM (kOrs or k5rs), n. [OF. cors.'] A corpae.
OttMlM (kOrs'lSt), n, [F., fr. OF. <w«.] L Armor
for the body ; breastplate. 2. Thorax of an insect.
Oor'Mt (k6x's8t), n. [F., dim. of OF. cors,} A bod-
ice to support, or shape, the body ; stays.
iaQrtfeft'(k8r'ttzh'),n. [F.] TnOn of attendants.
Ontmi'tJi^^n.pl. [SP'&PgM'i'.corte court] The
legislative assembly of Spain and Portugal.
lOart«l(-t8ks),n.;p;.CoKncu(-tf-sSs). [L.,bark.]
Bark of a tree ; outer covering.
OcrH-cal (-tT-kal). a. Like bark or rind ; external.
Oortl-oate (-kit), l a. Having a special outer cover-
aaitl-<HI'tM, ) ing unlike the interior part.
OVd-OOa^ (-kSe^), Oorm-OOns (-kfis), a. Relating
to, or resemUing, bark.
Oo-nui'dnm (k^-rttn^dfim), n. [Hind, kurand corun-
dum stone.] Tlie earth alumina, the hardest substance
found native, next to the diamond.
Oattm^mtb (kOr'Qs-kit or kd-rttsOcit), v. <. [L. oo-
rustare to flash, vibrate.] To glitter in flashes ; to flash.
— Oo-raatoaiit, n, — Ooms-ot'tloii, n.
Syn. — Flash ; glitter ; blaze ; gleam ; sparkle.
OOif'TeC (Irt^r'vSt), ) n. [F. corvette^ fr. Pg. corveia,
Om-WtHW (kSr-vStO, I fr. L. corbita ship of burden.]
A war vessel, ranking next below a frigate.
OorMlM (kdr'vin), o. [L. corrtntM, f r. eorvut crow.]
Pertaining to the crow ; crowlike.
OOffTimib (kSKImb or -Tm ; 48), n. [L. eorymhu* dus-
Vn of flowers.] Cluster of flowers,
ea-sh on its own footstalk, and arising
from a oomnu>n axis.
Ofr^e'oaBt (k«.s80cXnt), n. [For
eo. seearu^ abbr. of L. eomplementi se-
OMw.] The secant of the complement
of an arc or angle.
Ww&f{Wj^),a. Cosy.
Oo'felllO (-sin), n. [For co. sintu^
abbr. of L. eomplementi Hnu*.] Sine „! i r. _— .k
of the compiement of an arc or angle. ®*'"P^* Corymb.
I (k5x-m8t^Tk), a. |Xir. Koatinruc69 skilled
in decorating, fr. it6viios order.] Imparting beauty, ^m.
An application to improve the complexion.
Ooi'llllO (kSt'mlk), i a. [Gr. xoatiucos of the world,
OobHiId^ (-ml-kal), ) fr. ictftffUK.] 1. Pertaining to
the universe, and universal law or order ; harmonious.
2. Pertaining to the whole solar qrstem, and not to the
earth alone. 3. Rising or setting with the sun.
CkM-mog'O^liy (-mSo^-nj^), n. [Or. Kocrfuyopia ; K6atu>t
^ itobebom.] CreatI
hn. L
I>escription of tlie world ;
-|- root of yiyvtoBtu
" -mof'ia-pli:
bom.] Creation of the universe.
^_iy (-m»g'rA-fy), n. [Gr. Kooytoypo^ia ;
tdoiiOi + YP^cu' to write.] I>escription of tlie world ;
science of the whole system of worlds. — Qnm^tMg'tMr
TfilMf n. — GhM'lllO-nraplilo (-m^grSfTk), a.
CkW-mol'O-gy (-mW'B-jy), n. [Or. icbcTMoc + -logy.'}
Science of the world or universe. —OOA-mdl'O-glst, n.
0<NI1IIO-p<dn-tan (-m6-pSI'T-tan), I n. [Gr. KO<rftoiro-
CkW-mOP'frltte (kos-mop'6-lit), ) Atnif ; Koaitoi -j-
iroAtTi}« citizen, v^Aic city.] One who has no fixed rest'
dence, but is at home in every place, —a. 1. Free from
local prejudices ; liberal. 2. Common eveiy where.
Oo^UUhnnaUL (-mft-rSf mi), n. [NL. , f r. Gr. xiS^fUK +
opofM a sight, f r. ipor to see.] Aji exhibition in which
views In vmIous parts of the world are shown by mirrors,
lenses, illumination, etc. — Gos^mo-nmlo (-rSmTk^, a.
II CkMmiM (-m5s), n. [NL., fr. Gr. K6<rnof order, har-
mony, the world (from its perfect arrangement)J 1. The
universe or universality of created things. 2. Theory of
the universe, as a system displaying order and harmony.
OM'saok (kSs'sSk), n. lk\u».JoMak\ kazak\} One
of a warlike race in Russia, furnishing valuable cavalry.
OlNl'Mt (-s8t), n. [Cf. AS. colseila cottager.] A Iamb
reared by hand ; a pet. — v. I. To pet ; to fondle.
OMt (k5st), V. t. [OF. eo*tery fr. L. eonstare to stand at,
to cost ; con- + *tare to stand.] 1. To require to be given
or laid out for, as in barter, purchase, etc. 2. To require
to be suffered ; to cause. — n. 1. Amount paid for any-
thing ; charge ; expense. 2. Loss ; pain ; suffering. 3. pi.
Expenses incurred in litigation. [etc. — OM'tal, a. I
II ConttL (k5s't&), n. fh. , rib.] Rib of an animal, leaf, |
Oostlv» v-tTv), a. [OF. coitevi, p. p. of costever^ L.
conttipare; con- -\- ttipare to press together, cram.] Re-
taining fecsl matter in the bowels; constipated. —Otm^-
tlTo-iienm ^ [— OostOl-iitu, n. i
OMtly (kSstny), a. Of great cost ; expensive ; dear. |
OOfKtiime' (kSs'tumO, n. [F. & It, fr. L. eontuetudo
custom.] 1. Dress; distinctive style of dress. 2. Arrange*
ment of accessories, in a picture, statue, poem, or play.
Oostlim^ar, n. One who makes or deals in costumes.
Oo'«y(k5'z3^),a. Cozy.
Oot O^ot), n. [AS.] 1. A cottage or hut 2. A pen for
small domestic animals ; cote. 3. A cover for a sore finger.
Oot, !>. [AS.] Little bed ; cradle. [Written also co//.]
Oo-tUl'K^nt (kft-tln'jent), n. [For co. tangens, abbr.
of L. eomplementi tangens. See Tamoemt.] The tan-
gent of the complement of an arc or angle.
Oote (k3t), n. Cot or shelter for sheep, doves, etc
Oo-tim'po-ni'110-OllS (kA-t0m'pi-rfi'nt-&s), a. Con-
temporaneous, [nury. I
Oo-tem'pO-ra-ry (-t8ra'p6-rft-i^), a. & n. Contempo- 1
\\0&t9-li^ (kO'te-r^O, n. [F.I A set ; club ; clique.
Oo-ter'ml-llOlUl (kd-ter^mT-nfis), a. Conterminous.
II CkKtU'lon' (kmPytfi^, { n. [F. cofil-
Oo-tnOion (kft-tll'yfln), t Ion, f r. OF.
coie coat, LL. a>tla tunic] 1. A dance for
eight persons ; quadrille 2. Tune regu-
lating the dance. 3. A woolen dress ma-
terUX
Oortage (k5tntj ; 2), n. A small house ;
cot ; hut ; a residence of rustic architec-
ture. — Ootta-g«r (-tt-j8r), n.
Oot'ttr, Cottar (-tSr), n. Cottager.
Cottar, n. A wedge or key to fasten
together jparts of a machine or structure.
— t'. /. To fasten with a cotter.
tenioK toother
parts 6 and c.
(Sm, recMit, drb, r^da, f ^ ftm, fdod, idht^ out, oil, chair, go, sia^, i||k, then, U)ii^
COTTON
136
COUNTERSCARP
, (k8tt*n), f». [F. coton^ Bp. tdgodon cotton
Dhmt and ita wool, fr. Ar. (pUun, alqutun^ cotton wool.]
1. A downy subctance, reaembling fine wool, conaUtng ot
twisted hain which grow on the seed* of the cotton plant.
2. The cotton plant. 3. Cloth made of cotton. — > v. <.
1. To unite ; to make frienda. [Colloq.'] 2. To take a
Ul^K (to) ; to atick (to <me) aa cotton, \8lang]
OettoB gik, a machine to aeparate aeeda from cotton. —
OettOB plMt, a plant growing in warm climates, and bear-
ing the cotton of commerce. — Cotton preu, a building
and machinery for compreeaing cotton bales for sliip-
ment : a preaa for baling cotton. — Oottoa wool, cotton in
ita raw or woolly state.
OotlOB-y irSh "' Covered with hairs or pubeacence,
like cotton ; downy ; nappy ; aoft.
Oot'y-le'don (-l-lS'dliii), n. [Or. KorvAi^K a cup-
ahaped hollow.] A aeed lobe of a plant.— Oot'y-lM'-
oB-al (-iSd^m-oi), Oot'y-lad'on-oiu (-iU), a.
Ckmoh (kouch), r. t. [F. coueher to lay down, lie
down, f r. L. collocate ; cw- -j- locate to place, f r. loctu
place.] 1. To lay up<m a bed or resting place. 2. To de-
posit m a bed or layer. 3. To put Into aome form of lan-
guage ; to expreaa ; to phraae. 4. To remove (a cataract)
from the eye, by displacing the opaque lena with a nee-
dle, —v. i. 1. To lie down ; to repose. 2. To hide ; to
be concealed. ^ n. 1. A bed or place for repose. 2.
A Uir nf Ji Vrifit, t-tc.
CtiWjh'Aikl I k.. I J, 1,'. Flit), a. [F.] Squatting.
Oou^gar t k^'gaJ^)* »■ \V. eougttar, fr. S. Amer. name.]
Aii AmtirLt jkEi qii:k]riitH}dt r^embling the panther.
Ootif ll (kj^f), V. i. Jt i. [Cf. D. hichm to breathe.]
To isipti ^air^ t^e,} tr^m the lungs or air paaaagea.— n.
A tEolent expiiLBJon of air from the chest.
OoDld {k^^), imp. of Can. [OE. eoude.1 Was,
shall 1^1 bp, or wmilrl W, able or capable.
Ooult or i kflP l?r \,n. Colter.
Ooun'cU < k . '1 1 1 , ^. u 1 , 1 » . [F. ctmcile^ f r. L. concilium ;
coH r <^' —• . Often confounded with rown^f/.]
1. Assembly for advice. 2. Consultation.
Syn. — Assembly ; meeting; congress; diet; parlia-
ment; convention; convocation: synod.
Ooon'oil-mail, n. Member of a council ; councilor.
Ckmn'oll-or (-2r), n. A member of a council. [Written
also cotincillor/]
Oonafutl (-sBl), n. [OE. & F. conseil, fr. L. con*ilinm.'\
1. Interchange of opinions ; consultation. 2. Deliberate
judgment ; prudence. 3. Result of consultation ; advice.
4. Design ; plan. 6. An adviser ; one professionally en-
gaged in the trial of a cause in court ; the lawyers united
in managing a case. — r. /. To advise, admonish, instruct,
or recommend.
Syn. — Advice : consideration ; purpose : opinion.
Oonn'Ml-or (-Sr), n. [Written also counsellor.^ 1.
One who counsels ; an adviser. 2. Member of a council.
3. One who advises in law ; a barrister.
Ckrant (kount), r. /. [OF. conter to relate, compter to
count ; fr. L. computare to compute ; com- 4- ptifare to
reckon, order.] 1. To tell one by one ; to compute ;
to reckon. 2. To place to an account ; to compute ; to
consider. — v. i. 1. To number or be counted ; to possess
value. 2. To depend {on or upon).^^n. 1. A reckoning ;
number ascertained by counting. 2. A formal statement
of the plaintiff^s case in court ; charge setting forth the
cause of action or prosecution.
Syn. — See Calculath.
Ooilllt,n. [F. comte, fr. L. comes^ eomUis, companion.]
A European nobleman, equal in rank to an English enrl.
Ckmn^O-Iumce (koun't^nans), n. [OE. & F. con/e-
nance demeanor, fr. L. continere to contain.] 1. Ap-
pearance of the face; look; aspect; mien. 2. The
features. 3. Approving aspect of face ; good will ; aid ;
encouragement. — f. /. To favor ; to aid ; to abet.
Ooimt'er (koun'tSr), n. 1. One who counts or calcu-
lates. 2. A piece of nietnl, etc , used in reckoning.
Oonn'ter, n. [OF. cmitover, comptouer^ fr. L. com-
putare. See Couvt to nnmber.] A table on which to
count money or show goods.
Ooimtar (koun'tSr), adv. [F. con/re, fr. L. eomirm
against.] 1. Contranr ; in an opposite direction. 2. In
the wrong way. — a. Contrasted ; adverse ; antagonistic.
Oaantar, n. 1. The after part of a veaael*a body, from
the water line to the atem. 2. In muaic, coanter tenor.
3. Heel part of a boot. [aa in boxing. I
Oaantar, v. i. To retnm a blow while receiving one, |
OoilB'tar-ACt' (-Skf), v. t. To act in opposition to;
to hinder or frustrate. — Oailllttr-Al/tlon, n.
Ooim'ttr-lMd'ailoe (koun't&r-bCl'ans), r. L To oppose
with equal weight ; to counteract the effect of.
Ooon'ttr-lNd'ailoe (koun'tir-bSl'ans), n. A weight,
power, or agency, balancing another ; equivalent.
Oonn'ttr-ohanB' (koun't&r-chKrm'), v. t. To destroy
the effect of a charm upon. [can nulll^ a charm. I
Ooon'ttr-Oliailll' (koun'tSr-ch&rmO, n. That which |
Ooim'ttt-oliack' (koun^tSr-chfik'), v. t. To oppose by
some obstacle ; to check by a return check.
Oonntiir-cliaok' (kounOSr-chSkO* n. 1. A stop ; a re-
buke or censure to check a reprover. 2. Any device to
restrain another restraining force ; a check upon a check.
Oonnlar-olaillK (koun^r-klamO. n. A claim made
by a peraon aa an offset to a claim made on him.
OmmtM-evtrmA (koun'tSr-kttr'rent), a. Running
in an opposite direction. — n. A current running in an
opposite direction to the main current.
OonntM'-felt (-fit), a, [F. e<mtrefait^ p. p. of ewttrt-
faire to counterfeit ; corUre (L. contra) -{-/aire to make,
fr. It. facereA 1. Representing by likeness^ portrayed.
2. Fabricated in imitation of something else. 3. Spu-
rious; deceitful; hypocritical. — n. 1. That which re-
sembles snother thing ; likeness ; counterpart. 2. A
forgery. 3. An impostor.— v. ^ 1. To mimic. 2. To
forge. —V. {. 1. To carry on a deception ; to dissemble.
2. TomakecounterfeiU. — Oaantar-felt'tt, It.
Oonn^tar-mand' (koun'tSi^mind'), v. /. [F. centre-
mander ; contre (L. contra) -f- mander to command, fr.
L. mandnre.'] To revoke (a former command).
Ooan'ter-Hiand (koun'tSr-mind), n. A contrary order ;
revocation of a former order or command.
Oonn'tar-nuurcli' (koun'tSr-mKrch'), v. i. To march
back, or in reversed order.
Ckran^er-lliarcll' (koun'tSr-mSrchO, n. 1. A march-
ing back; retrocession. 2. An evolution by which a body
of troops change front or reverse the direction of march.
Ooanter-mme' (koun't2r-m!n')t *>• 1. An under-
ground gallery to intercept mining of an enemy. 2. A
stratagem which defeats another project.
Oonn'ter-mine' (koun'tSr-min'), v.t.&t 1. To stop
by a countermine. 2. To frustrate by a secret plot.
Ckmn'ter-paiie' (koun'tSr-pSnO» »• [8«« Codstbh-
PoiMT, comip. into coimterpan«, fr. the 0an«-shaped fig-
ures iu coverlets.] A coverlet for a bed!
Ckran'ter-lHUt' (-pilrtOt n. l. A part corresponding
to another part ; a copy ; duplicate. 2. A thing adapted
to another thing, or supplementing it ; an opposite.
Ooon'ter-plOt' (koun^t^r-plSf), v. /. To oppose (an-
other plot) by plotting ; to attempt to frustrate (a strata-
gem) by stratagem. [opposed to another. I
Ooonter-Iilot' (kountSr-plSt^), n. A plot or artifice I
Oonn'tar-polllt (kouu't^r-poinf), n. [P. contrepoint.]
{a) Composite melody, (b) Music in parts ; harmony.
0011Il'ter-polIlt^ n. [of. contrepoincte, counstepotntCy
fr. L. culcila cushion -\- pungerCy punctumt to prick.]
A coverlet ; a counterpane.
Oonn'ter-polse' (kountSr-pois^), r. /. ICounter, adv.
-h poUe, V. t.] To act apainst with equal weight ; to
counterbalance. —n. 1. Weif;ht or force balancing an-
other. 2. Equilibrium ; equiponderance.
Oonn^er-BCarp' (-skiirp^), n. [Counter- -f tearp.']
The exterior slope or wall of the ditch in fortification ;
also, the whole covered way, with its parapet and glads.
S, 8, 1, 5, 0, long : &, fi, 1, 5, a, t» short ; senftte, dvent, tdea, 6bey, Cinite, cftre, i&rm, ask, f|U, flnoL
COUNTERSHAFT
137
COUSIN-GERMAN
J (koun'tar-thAftO, n. An intermediate
thaft; esp., one re- . x
oeiTing motion from N^ '*'
a line Mhaf t in a fac-
tory and tranamit-
tiiw it to a machine.
Oonn'ter-siKn'
(-•in'), V. t. [CouH^ a
ter--\-Hffn.'\ Toaign
on the oppoaite aide
of (a writing); to x
aign in addition to ^
the rignature of a Counterthaft nnd appurtenancet. an
principal, in order to Shaft s & Bfit from line khaft s rBelt
attest the authentic- Jo machine ; de Tight and Lnow Pul-
ity of a writing. — n. }^\ x^*^h"* J^""*^ ' ^ ^'' ^^^^'
1. The dgnatore of ^ ' * * "'"«*"•
a eecretary or other otBcer to a writing aigned by a supe-
rior, to attest its authenticity. 2. A private signal to be
given in order to pass a sentry ; a watchword.
OOQB^tar-link' (-sTnIcO* v. t. 1. To form a depres-
doa aroimd the top of (a hole in wood, metal, etc.) to
receive the head of a screw or bolt below the surface.
2. To sink (a screw or bolt) even with or below the sur-
face.—ti. 1. Cavity for receiving the head of a screw
or bolt. 2. Drill for couiitersinking holes.
OOQB'ttr ten'or (tSn^Sr). One of the middle parts
in muAic, between tenor and treble ; hif;h tenor.
OoOB'tar-TAll' (-▼51'), V. t. [OP. eontrevaloir ; eontre
(L. contra) 4- raloir to avail, fr. L. valere to avail.] To
act against with equal force, power, or effect ; to thwart.
OOBllfeu (icount^j), n. \V.eomtesse.'\ Wife of an earl
or count ; lady having the same dignity in her own right.
Oonntlllf-llOIUW' (kount^ng-hous^), [ n. Place where
OonntlAg-rooill' (-rS&mOt ) a merchant
keepa his books and transacta business. [numerable. I
OoimtlMl (-16s), a. Incapable of being counted ; in- 1
Oomitll-fy (kfin'trT-n), V. /. To give a rural, rustic,
or rude appearance to. — Ckrantrt-flM (-fid), p, a.
OOQB'ttT (-trf), n. [F. eontrSe, LL. contrata^ fr. L.
contra opposite. J 1. A region ; territory of a nation ;
region of one's birth or citizenship. 2. Rural regions,
as opposed to the town. 3. People of a state or region ;
the populace ; the public, —a. 1. Pertaining to r^ons
remote from a city ; rural. 2. Rude ; rustic
Ooun'try-dantW' (-dins' ), n. Contradance.
Oonnlry-mBii (-man), n., Ooim'try-woiii'aii (-wd6m'-
an), i>. /. 1. A native of a region. 2. One bom in the
same country with another ; compatriot. 3. A rustic.
Oouil'try SMt (sSf ). A dwelliniir in the country.
Oann^ (koun'tj^), n. [F. eom/^.] 1. An earldom.
2. An administrative-district of a state ; a shire.
i! Ooap (kS9), n. [F., fr. L. colaphu* a cuff.] A sud-
den stroke ; unexpected stratagem.
11 Chm'ptf' (ksypiO. n. [P.» ir. eoupS, p. p. of eouper
to cut.] 1. The front compartment of a European dili-
gence or railway carriage. 2. A four-wheeled close car-
riage for two persons inside, and driver's seat outside.
Oon'^ (knpH), n. [F. ; fr. L. copula a bond, band.]
1. Two of the same kind connected ; pair ; brace. 2. A
male and female associated together ; a man and woman
married or betrothed.— > v. I. & i, 1. To johi. 2. To
embrace. 3. To marry.
Oonpltt, n. One that couples; a coupling; Ihik or
shackle connecting cars, parts of machinery, etc.
QmV^Uli i'Vit), n. [F.] Two taken together ; a pair
or coup^ ; two Unea of verse rhyming with each other.
Ooap^ilnf, n. 1. A bringing or coming together;
oonnaction ; sexual union. 2. Appliance for coupling or
connecting adjacent parts or objects.
iknyaa (kSS'pSn; F. kS^pbv'), n. [F., fr. eouper
to cut.] 1. An interest certificate tn be cut from a bond,
for payment when interest is due. 2. Section of a ticket,
* ' I the accommodation due to the holder.
Oonr'afe (kartj ; 2), n. [OE. & OF. corage^ fr. L. cor
heart.] Power to meet danger and difHcultiea firmly.
8711. — CousAOB ; Bravbbt ; FoarrruDB ; iNTSwiDrrr ;
Oallaxtrt; V^los ; heroism ; daring ; boldness ; resolu-
tion. 8ee Hbroism. — Courage is that firmness of spirit
which meets danger without fear. Bravery is impetuous
courage, displayed in darins acts. Fortitude is the habit
of encountering danger ana enduring pain with unbro-
ken spirit. Valor is courage exhibited fn war. Intrepid'
ity is firm, unshaken courage. QaUantry is adventuroua
courage, which courts danger.
Oonr-A'ffeoiu (kar-S'ifis), a. Manifesting courage.
Syii. — Brave ; bold ; daring : heroic ; intrepid ; luurdy
stout ; adventurous : enterprismg. See Gallakt.
Oon'rl-er (kcyrl-er^, n . [F. courHcr^ f r. L. currere to
run.] 1. Bearer of dispatches. 2. Guide for travelers.
Oonne (kSrs), n. [F. ; L. curna, fr. currcreJ] 1.
A moving from one point to another. 2. Path traversed ;
track. 3. Line of progress. 4. Progress from point to
point in one direction, or without rest. 6. Orderly pro-
cedure. 6. Customary sequence of events. 7. Ck>nduct ;
behavior. 8. A succession of connected acts. 9. Order ;
turn. 10. That part of a meal served at once. 11.
Range of brick or stones in a building. 12. Loweat sail
on any mast of a square-rigged vesseL 13. pi. The
menses. •—«./.& i. To run ; to hunt.
8yn. — Way ; road ; route ; passage ; race ; series ; suc-
cession ; manner ; method ; mode ; career ; progress.
Ooim'er, n. 1. One who courses or hunts. %, A swift
horse ; a racer or a war horse ; a charger.
Oonrt (kSrt), n. [OF. ; L. cohort^ cort^ Indoeurej
court, crowd.] 1. A courtyard ; space nearly surrounded
by houses ; a blind alley. 2. Residence of a sovereign
or other dignitary ; palace. 3. Retinue of a sovereign.
4. Attention directed to a person in power ; flattery. 5.
(a) Place where justice Is adminirtered. (6) Assembly
for transacting judicial business ; a judge or judges sit-
ting for the hairing or trial of causes, {c) Tribunal for
administering justice. 0. Sesslou of a judicial assembly.
7. Ground for the game of tennis ; one of the divisions
of a tennis court.
Ooort card, a coat card. — Ooort hand, the manner of
writing used in records and judicial proceedings.
— r. t. 1. To try to ingratiate one's self with. 2. To
serfe in msirrfng**. 3. Tf> ftttaiupt to gsiin. 4. To attract.
CtotirtB-OUB (kflr't*-fl«K »i. [OE. & OF. corteUA Of
coi^rtliki' mzLiiTiora ; wi-ll brH . pnlit^*; complaisant.
Gour'te-san i'f^\t\ n. [F^ rmtrtisQneA A harlot.
Cour-'tinsT (-*?), n. {V inutiamf.} l. Politeness;
tirb.Liiity. 2. Au act of crivfHty, kJmlui^ss, or favor. 3.
FR\«>r or ]iiiliii];f?i-iir«, aji i>)tMlii}riiin)ic<l from right.
Srn. ' Uri'Miity : Kood bif ttlitig. Ste PoLrrBVisB.
Oonrt Csy (ktlrt'^S^), n. An *ct uf reverence,
by wrrii-Ti,— ii. J. Ty niAkiB a reapf^rul salutation; to
bow \\m- hotlY elJplitly, beudiiig the kftf^s.
Court lioiue' (kSrt^iDUii'), rr. 1. \ house in which
est'Vli^li-'hi il ooiirta are lieht 2. A i-oimty town.
Comt'lfir ( y^r), '■• 1- Onf^ in Bttendance at tha
cctitt ui % priiu'ti. 2» One whu courta or solicits favor.
Oonitly (-Ij^), a, 1. Renting to a court. 2. Po-
lite ; flattering. 3. Disposed to favor the great ; oba*-
quions. — adv. Politely ; elegantly. — Cknirtll-liass, n.
Oonrt'-nuur'tial (-mKi/shol), n. A court consisting
of military or naval officers, for trial of offenses againat
military or naval law. —v. U To subject to trial by a
court-martiaL [of atlk. I
Oonrt'-iiUuKttr (-pUs'tSr), n. Sticking platter made |
Oonrt'sblp (-ahTp), n. 1. A paying court, in order to
DoWo'xt a favor. 2. A wooing. [tached to a house. I
Oonrt^artt' (-yXrd^, n. A court or inclosure at-|
Ooailn (kllz"n), n. [F. ; L. eon*obrimt» ; con- -f
sobrinua cousin by the mother's side, fr. #oror (for «OM>r)
sister.] One collaterally related ; son or daughter of an
uncle or aunt. — Oonsln-ly, a.
Oons'in-'feir'man (-jSr 'm/iu), m. [CouHn 4- gtrman
closely akin. J First cousin ; cousin in the first generation.
fCra, recent, 6rb, r^de, f i.ill, Om. food, f<jbt, oat, oil, chair, so, sins, ink, then, thin.
COVE
138
CRACKLE
Oof» OiSv), n. [AS. cofa room.] L A retirad nook ;
sheltered inlet or bay. 2. A strip of pndrfe extondlnff
into woodland ; receae in the aide of a monntain. [ V. i9. J
^ V, t. To arch over ; to bnild in oonoare form.
Oo¥«t n. Bov or man of any age or iti^on. ISUmgl
OOT'O-IUUtt (kttv^-nont), n. [OF. ; fr. eonvenir to
agree, L. convenire.} 1. A mutual agreement. 2. A legal
undertaking to do or to refrain from some act or thing ; a
document containing the termaof agreement. — r. /. & i.
To agree; tocontract; tobargain; toatipulate. — OOT'-
e-aant-tr, Oor^o-iuiit-or (-Or^), n.
8yn. — CovKNANT ; Comtiiact ; Compact i Stifdla-
TiOH ; agreement ; bargain. — CorenmU is used in a re-
ligious sense. Contract is the word most used in the
business of life. A compact is a more solemn contract,
referrins: chiefly to political alliances. A ttijndatUm is
oiM <rf the articles or provisions of a contract.
OoT'er (kttv'Jr), V, t. (OF. covrir^ fr. L. coopeHre ;
CO- -f- opertre to cover.] 1. To overspread the surface
of (one thing) with anotner. 2. To envelop ; to clothe.
3. To invest (one*s self with something) ; to bring upon
(one's self). 4. To hide from sight. 6. To brood or sit
on ; to incubate. 0. To overwhelm. 7. To shelter ; to
protect. 8. To sufSoe ; to embrace ; to solve ; U> coun-
terbalance.
8 jn. — To shelter ; screen ; shield ; hide : overspread.
— n. 1. Anyttiing laid upon or over another thing ; en*
velope ; lid. 2. Disguise ; cloak. 3. Shelter ; protection.
4. woods, underbrush, ete., sheltering game ; covert.
6. Table furniture for one person at a meu.
OoW-tot (-l»t), OoT'ar-Ud (-ltd), «. [F. eouvrt4U ;
couvrir to cover -f /t/, L. lectusy bed.] Cover of a l)ed.
OOT'art (-^rt), a. [OF. ; F. eouvert^ p. p. of couvrir. '\
1. Covered over ; hid ; secret ; insidious. 2. Sheltered ;
retired. 3. Under leg^ cover or protection ; as, %feme
convert^ a married woman, under the protection and con-
trol of her husband.— n. 1. A place that covers ; diel-
ter. 2. One of the feathers covering the bases of the
qnills of a bird's wings and tail. — OOT'tlt-ly, adv.
Syn. — See Hiodsm.
OOT^ar-tnn (-2r-tttr ; 40), n. [OF.] 1. Covering; hid-
^g. 2. Legal condition of a
OOT'et (-«t), v.t.&i, [OF. eoveitier. tt. L. cupidui
eaffer.] To desire earnestly or unlawfully.
Syn. — To long for ; desire ; hanker after ; crave.
OOT'et-OlU (-n«), a. Inordinately desirous.— OOT'tt-
Mis-ly, adv. —OoT^et-mu-iMM, n.
Syn. — See Avabicioob.
Oov'ar i'^\ »• [OF. eov^, fr. cover te brood on, fr.
L. cubare to lie down.] 1. A hateh of birds ; an old bird
with her brood of young ; a small flock of birds together ;
' said of game. 2. A company ; bevy.
Oow (kou), n. [See Cowl.] A chimney cap ; cowl.
Oow, n. [AS. cfi.] Mature female of bovine animaJs,
also of certain large mnmmals, as whales, seals, ete.
Oow, r. i. [Cf. la 1. Ampo, Sw. k^fva to check, sub-
due.] To daunt the spirits or courage of ; to overawe.
Oow'ftrfl (-«rd), a. [OF. couard.'\ 1. Destitute of
courage ; timid. 2. Belonging to a coward ; proceeding
from, or showing, base fear. — n. One who lacks courage ;
pusillanimous person. — Oow'ard-lM (-Ts), n.
Syn. — Craven ; poltroon ; dastard.
Oow'ard-ly, a. l. Wanting courage ; basely fearful.
2. Proceeding from fear of duiger ; befitting a coward.
— arf p. In the manner of a coward. — Oow'ara-ll-BMW, it.
Syn. — Timid; fearful: timorous; dastardly; pusil-
lanimous ; recreant ; craven ; faint-hearted.
OowOMT' C-boi'), n. A catUe herder ; drover.
Oow'er (-Ifr), V. i. [Cf. O. k^tuem to cower, W. cwrian.'\
To stoop by bending the knees ; to crouch ; to qiiaiL
Oownitrd^ (-hSrd'), n. [AS. cikhyrde ; dJ cow + kyrde
a herder.] One wliose occupation is to tend cows.
Oowlllde' (-hIdO, n. 1. The hide of a cow. 2.
Leather made of the hide of a cow. 3. A coarse whip
made of untanned leather. ^ r. t. To flog with a cowhide.
/'Spun: £ Tar.
■tts. Enlaiftd.
Oowl (koQl), n. [AS. euhU^I 1. A moDk*s hood;
hood and gown together. 2. A cap to improve the draft
of a chimney, ventilating shaft, ete.
OowOlok' (kouaikO, n. A tuft of hair turned up
(uaually over the forehead), as if licked by a oow.
Oo^WOlk'er (kS'wdrk'&r), %, One who works with
another; acooperator.
OoWpor (-pOks'), ». The vaccine disease.
OoWcto (-ry), ) n. [Hind. *a«rf.] A sbeU used as
OoWlTt ) money in Africa and elsewhere.
00W'»Iip'(-slTp'},ii. [AS. cfijt/upiw.] 1. AnSngUsh
spring flower. 2. In the United Stipes, the marsh mari-
gold, resembling the buttercup.
ll00Z'A(k9k8'&),fi. [L.,hip.] The first joint of the
leg of an insect or crustacean.
Ckn'OQIIlb' (-kSm' ), n. [Comip. of cockU
comh.'X 1. (a) A strip of lyd cloth notched
like the comb of a cock, which licensed
Jesters wore in their caps. (6) The cap it-
self. 2. A vain, showy fellow ; superficial
pretender ; fop. 3. The cockscomb, a name
for several plante of different genera.
OOf (koi), a. [OF. coi^ coit, f r. L. quiehu
quiet.] rarinking from approach or famil-
I^JSlr*'- '^^ **^ **"* "*• ^"^ ' Legof •« I»-e«t.
to stroke. — Ooyay, adv. a Coxo t B Tro-
Syn. — Shy ; reserved ; modest ; bash- chanter t C F«.
fttl ; distant. mur « D TiWs i
OoylMM, n. The being coy ; shyness
reserve; bashfulness.
Ooy'O-te (ki'5-tl or k!^), n. [Sp. Amer., fr. Mexican
eoyoti.'} A dog-like animal of western North America;
— called also prairie woff.
Om (kOx), n. A contraction of cousin.
OM'en (kliz''n), V. t.&i. [From cousin, hence, to de-
ceive through pretext of relationship.] To clieat; to
deceive bv small arts. — Ooi'tB-AM, n. — Oos'ta-or, R.
Oo^ (kyiy), a. [Scot, co*ie.]l. Snug ; easy. [Writ-
ten also cosey, «My.] 2. [F. causer to talk.] Chatty ; so-
ciable. — n. A wadded covering for a teakettle to keep
the ccmtento hot. — Oo'fel4y, adv.
Onb (krib), n. [AS. erabba.} 1. A ten-legged crus-
tacean, most-
ly marine,
andusuallv
covered with
a strong shell
or carapace. ^
2. The lodia-
cal constella-
tion Cancer.
3. A crab ap-
ple ; — BO
named from
its harsh
wliunaas.*^^ Blue Crab (ai»Mi««fji*a«farM). «)
Orab'bad (-bed), a. l. Harsh ; cross; cynlcaL 2. Ob-
scure ; difficult ; perplexing ; irregular. — OimVlMd-ty,
adv. — Oimbtied-IMU, n.
OniCk (krXk), v. t. & i. [AS. eracUm.'\ 1. To break
or burst. 2. To sotmd suddenly and sharply ; to snap.
3. To extol; — followed by up. [Zotr]— n. 1. A par-
tial separation of parte ; a chink ; crevice ; breach. 2. A
sharp, sudden report. 3. Mentel flaw ; partial insanity.
4. A brief time ; an Instant. [Coftog.] 6. Friendly chat
[Scot. ] — a. Of superior excellence. [Colloq. ]
Onusk'ar, n. l. One that cracks. 2. A small, noisy
firework ; firecracker. 3. A dry biscuit. 4. A nickname
for a poor white in the Southern United Statea.
arao^e(-k'l),v.<. [Dim.of0raciir.] 1V> make slight
cracks ; to make sharp, sudden noises.— n. 1. A crac-
kling. 2. A condition of porcelain or glass, in which the
ghue or enamel appears to be cracked in all direotiona.
|^ 8, 1, 5, 11, long ; ft, fi, I, <^ tt, j^, abort ; 9«a^ «v«it, tdMS 6b07, tnito, cftre, linn, Aak, i^U, flmil.
CRACKLING
139
CEAZY
QnoldlllC (kTSknclTiiff), n. 1. The making of small,
■harp cracks or reports. 2. Crisp rind of roasted pork.
OnfOtoCkri'd*!),!!. [AS. ercK^.] 1. A baby*8 rooking
bed ; jdace of origin. 2. Framework fixed to a scythe,
to receive cut gnun. 3. Movable framework, to support
ships, heavy guns, etc.— v. /. 1. To rock (atshild) in a
cradle. 2. To out and lav grain with a cradle. 9. To
transport a vessel by a cradle.
Graft (krift), n. [AS. ermft strength, skill, art, cun-
ning.] 1. Art or skill ; dexterity in manual employ-
ment ; a trade. 2. Artifice leaHe. 3. A vessel or vessels.
Oraft'l-ly (-T-lj^), adv. With craft ; cunningly.
Oraftl-nen, n. Cunning ; artifice ; stratagem.
OntfMWUl (krifts'man), n. Artificer; mechanic
Grafts (krift^), a. [AS. crmftig.'\ 1. Possessing
dexterity; skilledf. 2. Cunning; wily.
Byn. — Skillful ; artful : sly ; shrewd. See Cuinmro.
Cbmg (krig), «. [W. craigA Steep, rugged rock ; cliff.
aniC|%«d, OraCffTt «• «'««1» ol crags ; rough ; rugged.
cB6 (5k), nl [Cf. iceL MOm crow, kriikr raven.
Cf. Cbow.1 a species of rail, named from its cry.
Gram (irlm), «. t. & i. [AS. crnmrnian.] 1. To
press or stuff ; to crowd. 2. To prepare for an examina-
tion, etc., by hasty study, ^n. A cramming. [CoUoq.'}
OaaaltO (-bd), i». [Cf. Cramp, a., difficult.] 1. A
game in which one peraon sives a word, to whicli another
finds a rhyme. 2. A word rhyming with another word.
Gra]lip(krSmp),n. [OE. St V. erampe.} 1. That which
confines or contracts ; a restraint. 2. An im-
eiment to hold together Idocks of stone, tim-
rs, etc. ; a frame, with a tightening screw,
for compressing joints, etc. 3. A spasmodic,
involuntary contraction of muscles.— >r. t. 1.
To confine and contract; to hinder. 2. To
bind together; to unite. 3. To aflUot with
cramp.— a. Knotty; ditBcult.
Oram-pOCUUI' (krIm-pSdus'), n, pi. VF.
erampon.'] 1. Hooked pieces of iron, like
double calipers, for raising stones, lumber,
etc 2. Points on the shoes to prevent slipping.
GranHMr-ry (krXn'bSr-rj^), n. [So named from its fruit
being ripe in spring when cranes return.] A red, acid
berry, miwie into sauce, etc. ; the plant producing it.
GnUM (krin), n. [AS. eran.'\ 1. A wading bird, having
a long, straight bill, and long legs and neck. 2. Machine
for raislnff, lowering, and shifting
heavy weights, by a projecting arm
(with tackle, windlass, etc.), which
resembles a crane^s neck. 3. An
iron arm to support kettles, etc.,
over a fire. 4. A siphon. — «./.&
i. To stretch (the neck) forward.
Gra1ll-al(krifc'nT-al),a. Pertain-
That which
d
Cramp,
2.
iiw to the cranium.
Ora'iil^'o-g7(H ^.
mium 4- 2^1^.] Science of the shape.
rnl^'o-iy (-«i^-jy),«. [Cra-
One form of Crane,
8.
indi<^on8, etc., of skulls;
study of skulls ;j>hrenolofnr.
Gra^-Qm (-am), n. [NL., fr.
Or. Koayibv; akin to xipa h«id.]
The iknll ; brainpan.
Grank (krlgk), n. [OE. cranJbe.] 1. A bend, or bent
portion of an axle, or shaft,
used to impart motion or
receive it, also to change
circular into reciprocating 1
motion, or reciprocating into
circular motion. 2. Any
bend or turn. 3. A caprice ;
whim ; crotchet. 6. One full
of crotchets or impracticable
projects.— r.<. To wind and
turn; to crook.
1 StHKle Crank ; S Double
Crank.
Grailk(krXok),a. [AS. crane weak.] 1. Liable to over-
set, as a wip when too narrow, or without sulBdent bal-
last 2. Full of qrfrit ; brisk ; overconfident ; opinionated.
Granlda (krlgOcI), v.t.&i. To bend, turn, or wind.
-i-n. A bend ; twist ; crinkle.
Orank^ (-S), o. 1. Full of spirit; crank. 2.
Ad-
dieted to whims ; unreasonable ; crotchety. [Coftoo.]
Gran'tty (krftn'nj^), n. [F. eran notch.] 1. A chixitk.
2. A glassmaker's tool for forming necks of bottles, etc.
Orapo (krip), ft. [F. cripe, fr. L. crispua curled.]
Thin, crimped silk stuff, used for mourning garments, eta
-i- r . /. To form into ringlets ; to curl ; to crimp ; to f rls.
Grull (kribh), V. /. [OE. era*chen^ same word as E.
crtute.l To break in pieces violently.— V. i. To make
a loud, clattering sound ; to break noisily. — ». 1. A loud,
sudden sound. 2. Ruin; failure.
Graib, n. [L. crauuM coarse.] Coarse, heavy, narrow '
linen cloth, used esp. for towels.
GraM (krSs), a. [L. craaaus thick, fat.] Oross ; dense ;
coarse ; not refined. — Grai'lt-tlldA (-sT-tud), n.
Grai'MI-IIIMIt (kris'si-ment), ) n. [L. craaaamm-
II Gras^sa-maD'tOlll (-mSn^tim), > tum^ fr. craaaare
Grai'si-IIIMIt (-sT-ment), ) to make thick.]
Semisolid mass or clot ; coagulated blood.
Grato (krit), n. [L. eratia hurdle.] 1. Wicker basket
for transporting crockery, etc. 2. A box whose sides are
of alats with Interspaces, — used espec. for transporting
fruit. — V. t. To pack in a crate for transportation.
GratMT (kri'tSr), n. [L. eraier, eraitra^ a mixing ves-
sel, mouth of a volcano.] Mouth of a volcano or geyser.
Ora-t«ri-fonn (kri-Oira-fdrm), a. [L. cratera -\-
•/orm.^ Formed like a shallow bowl ; — said of a corolla.
Grannch Ckriinch), v. t. & i. To crunch.
Gra-Taf (krA-v»t'), n. [F. crnvatey fr. Cravate aa in-
habitant of Croath^ one of a body of Austrian troops, who
first used this article of dress in France.] A neckcloth.
Grayt (krSv), V. t. [AS. cro/fan.] 1. To ask earnestly
or humbly. 2. To call for, as a gratificaticm ; to long for ;
to demand, ^v. i. To feel an insatiable longing.
8yn. — Toask : seek : beg ; beseech ; implore ; entreat ;
solicit ; request ; supplicate : adjure.
Gra'yon (krS'v'n), a. [OF. erarantS struck down, p.
p. of cravanter to break, fr. L. crepare to break, rattle.]
Cowardly ; faint-hearted ; spiritless. — n. A recreant.
Syn. — Coward; poltroon: dastard.
mLTtng (krarHTng), n. Vehement desire ; longing.
Graw im)y n. [D. kraag neck, collar.] (a) The crop
of a bird, (b) The stomach of an animal.
GrawfU' (krik'fTshO, GrayllBll' (kriTTshO, n.
[Corrup. fr. OF. crevice^ F. icrevisae. fr. OHO. krebU
crab. The ending -yffA arose from confusion with E.y?»A.]
A small fresh-water crustacean resembling the lobster.
Grawl (krftl), r. i. [Dan. krarle.'\ 1. To move as a
worm ; to creep. 2. To advance slowly and furtively ;
to Insinuate one's self by servile or obsequious conduct.
3. To have a sensation as of Insects creeping over the
body. — n. A cnwling ; slow motion.
OrawL n. [Cf. Kraal.] A pen to hold fish.
GrayWh' (kri'fTshO, n. Crawfish.
Gray'on (krS'fin}, n. [F. : fr. eraie chalk, L. ertta.^
1. A drawing Implement made
of clay uid plumbago, or of '
chalk. 2. A crayon drawing. 3. Criyon and Crayon
Carbon pencil for producing elec- Ilulder.
trie light. — V. /. To sketch.
Gnie (krSz), v. t. [OE. craaen to break, fr. Scand.]
1. To break into pieces; to crush. 2. To render insane.
^ r. i. 1. To rave. 2. To crack, as glazing of pottery.
^n. 1. Craziness; insanity. 2. A strong habitual
fancy ; crotchet. 3. Temporary infatuation.
Graly (krfi'cj^), <z. 1. Weak or feeble ; falling to de-
cay ; unsafe. 2. Broken in intellect ; deranged. 3. In-
ordinately eager. [CoUoq.'\ — Gra'lt-ly (-iT-iy ), adv. —
Gra'Sl-r
fSm, recent, 6rb, ryde, fyll, linu food, ftfbt, out. oit chair, bo, sins, lyk, then, tliin.
CREAK
140
CREW
Oreak (krSk), r. t. A i. [OE. creken, prob. imitotiYO.]
To make a prolonged grating aound. •— n. A creaking.
Gream (krSm),n. [F. cr^e.] 1. Oily substance on
tbe surface of muJi, yielding butter. 2. A table delicacy
prepared from cream, etc. 3. A cosmetic. 4. Choicest
part of a thing. — v. t. 1. To skim off (cream). 2. To
take off tbe choicest part of. — v. <. To yield cream.
OraUII'ar-y (-Sr-j^), n. A place where butter and
cheese are made, sold, or put up for market.
Otmub^ (krSm'y), a. Full of, or like, cream.
OrMSa (krSs), n. Creese.
OrMWa, n. rO. krauu."} 1. A mark made by folding.
2. One of the lines marking the limits of the bowler and
striker in cricket. »r. /. To make a crease or mark in.
Ore'A-Mte (krS'A-sSt), n. Creosote.
Qn-9W (krt-it^), r. t. [L. creare^ •atum.'\ 1. To bring
into behig ; to cause to exist. 2. To produce ; to form
or fashion. 3. To appoint; to make.
Ora-AtiOII (-fi^shfin), n. 1. A creating or causing to
exist ; the bringing the universe or this world into exist-
ence. 2. That which is created ; an original work of
art or of the imagination ; nature. 3. Formation.
0t^-t^Y9 (-tlv), a. Creating.
Ora-ator (-tS^, n. [L.] One who creates, produces, or
constitutes. Specifically, the Supreme Being.
OntLtan (krS'tdr ; 40), n. \V. ; L. crfatura.] 1.
Anything created ; an animal ; a man. 2. One who owes
his fortune to another ; a servile dependent ; tool.
II OriMhe (krtsh), n. [F.] A public day nursery.
Ore'deiioa (krS'dens), n. [LL. credeniUi^ fr. L. cre-
dere to trust, believe.] 1. Belief ; credit ; confidence.
2. That which gives a claim to credit. 3. The small
table beside the communion table, holding the bread and
wine before they are consecrated.
Ore-4eil^tl (-dfo'shal), a. Giving title to credit. —
ft. 1. That which gives title to confidence. 2. pi.
Testimonials of the bearer's right to recognition.
Ondn-Uo (krWT-b'l), a. [L. credibility fr. credere.']
Worthy of belief ; entitled to confidence ; trustworthy.
- Or«d1Ue-B«M, Orad'i-Mll-ty , n. - Oradl-bly, adv.
Ortdit (-Tt), n. [F. ; L. creditum loan, fr. credere.]
1. Reliance on the truth of something said or done ;
belief ; trust. 2. Esteem ; good name. 3. A ground of
confidence ; authority deriv^ from character. 4. Trust
given or received ; mercantile reputation. 6. Time given
For pajrment. 6. Side of an account showing values re-
ceived;—opp. to debit. '•^r. t. "L To believe. 2. To
Ining honor upon ; to do credit to. 3. To enter upon the
credit side of an account ; to give credit for.
Ondlt-A-Ua, n. 1. Deserving or possessing reputa-
tion or etiteem. 2. Bringing credit or honor ; honorable.
Oradlt-or (-Sr), n. [L. ] 1. One who credits or trusts.
2. One who gives crMlit in business matters; one to
whom money is due ; — correlative to debtor.
Ghrtd'n-lOIUI (-fi-ltis ; 40), a. [L. creduhts, fr. credere.}
Apt to believe on slight evidence ; easilv imposed upon.
— Ored^-lons-ly, adv. — Ore^nOl-ty (krg-du'iT-ty), n.
OtMMI (krSd), n. [AS. creda, fr. L. credo I believe, at
the beginning of the Apostles* creed, fr. credere.] Sum-
marr of what is believed ; summary of the articles of
Christian faith ; a confession of faith for public use.
OrMk(krSk), n. [AS. cr^rca.] X. A small inlet or
bay ; recess in the shnre. 2. Stream smaller than a river.
Oreol (krSI ), n. [Gael, craidhleag basket, creel. ] An
angler's osier basket.
Oraep (kr5p), V. i. [imp. A p. p. Crept (krRpt) ; p.
pr. & vb. n. CRBBPiNa.] [AS. cr^Spnn.] 1. To move
along on the belly, as a worm or reptile ; to crawl. 2.
To move slowly or timorously. 3. To move clandes-
tinely ; to steal in ; to fawn. 4. To grow, as a vine, rlini;-
ing to a support by roots rootlets, or tendrils. 6. To
have a sensation as of in-'ef ts creeping on the skin. — n.
1. A creeping. 2. A dintressing sensation, or sound,
like that occasioned by the creeping of insects.
Chraep'cr QcrSp'Sr), n. 1. One that creepe ; any creep-
ing thing. 2. A plant that clings by rootlets, or \fy ten-
drils, to the ground, or to trees, walla, etc 3. A small
bird, allied to the wrens. 4. A pointed fixture worn
on a shoe to prevent slipping. 6. pi. A spurlike device
strapped to the boot, to enable one to climb a tree or pole.
Orooping-ly, adv. By creeping slowly ; in tbe man-
ner of a reptile ; insidiously ; cunningly.
OXMM (krSs), n. [Malay, kris.] A Malay dagger.
Ontnate (kri'mit or kri-mat'), v. t. [L crtmate^
-ma turn, to bum J To bum ; to reduce to ashes by fire;
to incinerate. — Ore-matkm (krt-mS'shfin), n.
Orem'A-tO'll-lllll (krSm^i-tS'rT-am), ) n. [NL. crema-
Orem'a-tO-ry (-ti-rj^), l torhtm.'} Fur-
nace for cremating corpses. — Orsm'a-tO-ry, a,
0r»'0l0(krS^),n. [F. ; 8p. crro/Zo.] One bora of En-
ropean parents in American colonies of Prance or Spain.
Oro'O-aote (-*-s5t), n. [Gr. xpcac, gen. xp^Mv , flesh -f
ow^eiy to preserve.] Wood-tar oil; an oily liquid ob-
taiued by distillation of wood tar, and nsed as an anti-
septic and deodorizer in preserving wood, flesh, etc
Orepl-tate (krSpT-tSt), v. i. [I^ crepHare^ -tatum."}
To make small, sharp explosions or sounds, as salt in fire ;
to crackle ; to snap. — Orapi-tatlOll, n.
Orept (kr6pt), imp. &p.p. of Cbskp.
Ore-piUl'(m-lar(kr$-pQs'kd-l8r), ) a. [L.crfperdnak7,
Ore-pns'on-loiui (-IQs), ( dark.] l. Per-
taiuing to twilight; climmering; imperfectly cle«r or
luminous. 2. Flying in the twilight or before sonrise.
OraaHMD'dO (krfis-efin'dft ; It. krt-shfin'd^), a.&ad9.
[It., fr. creicere to increase.] With in- —
creasing volume of voice ; — a direction — —
for performance of music, indicated by Crescendo,
the mark, or by writing the word on the score. — n. (a)
A gradual increase in tone, (b) A passage to be per-
formed with hicreasing volume.
Ores'oent (krfis'sent), n. [OF. creiuanty p. pr. of
creistre^ fr. L. erescere to increase.] 1. The increasinff
moon ; moon in her first quarter. 2. Anything shaded
like the new moon. 3. Emblem of the
Turkish Empire. — a. 1. Shaped like
a crescent. 2. Increasing; growing.
OreSB (krSs), n. [AS. crfMe, cerm.l
A plant bearing leaves used as a salad
and antiscorbutic.
Ormi'aet (kre^'sSt), n. [OF., lamp
or torch ; perh. akin to E. cnise^ cm-
cibfe.] An iron basket, filled with com- r— «.-«. •
bustible material, to be burned as a ^^««»nt.a.
beacon ; open lamp carried in nocturnal processions.
Great (krfist), n. [OF. creste, L. crista,] 1. A tuft, or
other excrescence on an animal's head ; comb of a cock ;
the swelling on a serpent's head. 2. Plume or other
decoration on a helmet. 3. Upper curve of a horse's
neck. 4. Ridge of a wave. 6. Summit of a mountain,
slope, embankment, etc. 6. Ornamental finidiing of the
rid <re of ft roof, canopy, etc. — r . /. & <, To form (a crest).
Orestfall'eB (-ff|V*n), a. With hanging head ; cowed.
Ore-ta'ceona (kr^-ti'shOs), n. [L. eretaeetUy fr. ertta
chalk.] Like, or abounding with, chalk ; chalky.
Ore'tin (kr?'tTn), n. [F. criHn,] One afiSioted with
cretinism. — Oretlll-Olia, a.
Ore'tln-iaill (-Tz'm), n. A kind of idiocy, wiUi physi-
cal deformity (usually goiter), found in mountain valleyiL
Ore-tonne' ( krft-tQii'), n. [F. , f r. Creton^ its first man-
ufacturer.] 1. A white fabric of hemp and flax ; also,
one of cotton and wool. 2. Chintz with a glossy surface.
II Ore'vaaae' (krt'visO, n. [F.] 1. A deep crevice or
fissure. 2. Breach in the embankment of a river. [ U. S.]
Orev^ice (krSvTs), n. [F. crevasse, fr. ererer to burst,
fr. L. crepare to crack.] A narrow crack ; cleft ; rent.
drew (krvi), n. [Fr. accrue accession, reenforcement,
company, crew.] 1. A company ; assemblage ; throng.
2. Company of seamen who man a ship or boat ; gang.
1, 8, 1, 5, 11, long ; &, 6, 1, 5, ii, t» tbort : atnftte, «vent, tdMH 6b0y, ttnite, e4r», l&rm, 4ak, §11, flnoL
CREW
141
CROCUS
r (km), imp. of Glow.
_ r'iKkxii^,!!. [Perb.dim.of0{0t0)wUoftbiMd.]
Wonted yajrn, ilackly twisted, med for embroidery.
Qdb (nTb), n. [AS. cryM.I 1. A maiuer or rack ;
feedlnff pUce for anlmalt, 2. btell for oatUe. 3. Bed-
stead for a child. 4. Box or bin for storing grain, salt,
etc 6. Hut ; cottage. 6. A timber frame for a found*-
tion, or for supportmg a roof or lining a shaft. 7. A
small theft ; plagiarism ; translation or key to aid a stu-
dent in liis lessons. 8. Discarded cards wliich the dealer
can use in scoring points in cribbage. ^-v.t.&i, 1. To
crowd together. 2. To purloin ; to plagiarise.
OtXi/bMtp (-btj), n. A game of cards, in which there
iB a crib. (See CaiB, n., 8.)
CbrO/lllBS, n. 1. A confining in a crib or in close
oaarters.^2. Purloining; plagiarising. 3. Framework
lining the shaft of a mine. 4. A ▼icions habit of a
horse ; cribbiting.
OrfbUle (-bn), n. [F. eHbUy LL. eriblus sieve, fr. L.
eribrum ] A coarse meve or screen. — v. t. To sift.
OlUk (krTk), n. [Same as ereek."] A painful, spas-
modic cramp of the muscles of the neck, back, etc.
CMGk'et (krTk'St), n. [OF. crequet.j An orthop-
teroos insect, the males of wliich make
chirping, musical notes by rubbing to-
gether the front wings.
OrlGkftt, *i. [AS. eri€e crutch.]
1. A low stooL 2. A game played with
a ball, bats, and wickets.
CMldt'et-«r, n. Player at cricket.
Ollad (krfd), imp. & p. p. of Cbt.
Grl'MT (kri^r), n. One who cries ;
one who ^ves notice by proclamation.
GrlOM (krim), n. [F. ; fr. L. eHmen.'}
A Tiolation of law, divine or human;
an aggravated offense against morality
or the public welfare ; great wrong.
Syn, — CuMS ; Sin : Vici : iniquity ;
wrong. — Sin is wickedness of any kind, ^
specifically an offense against God. r-i«b«« r/3r«?At.
Crime is an action contranr to the laws ^2?/2ti?^ iS
of the state. Ficc sprhigs from inordi- mile
Date indulgence of natural appetites.
(Mml-lial (krTm' f-nol), a. [L. criminalism f r. crimen. ]
1. Guilty of crime or sin. 2. Involving a crime. 3. Re-
lating to crime ; — opposed to civil. — • n. A malefactor ;
felon.— Oiiinl-iua-ly, adv. — Oiiai'l-nall-ty (-nffl'-), n.
Ortml-lUlte (-nit), v. t, [L. cHminare, -natum ; f r.
eriwten.l 1. To charge with crime. 2. To involve in a
crime or render liable to a criminal charge. — Ozllll'i-
UMftkm, n. — Gzlml-iui-tlYt, Ozlml-iui-to-ry, a.
(lllmp(krTmp),r./. [Akin to D.ikHm/><>n to shrink.] 1.
To fold or plait tn rwular undulations. 2. To pinch and
hold ; to seize. 3. To entrap Into military or naval serv-
ice. 4. To render crisp (the flesh of a fish) by gashing
it, when living. — n. 1. One who decoys men into mili-
r or naval service. 2. Hair which has been crimped.
r (krfmp^), a. Appearing crimped ; frixzly.
B (krTm'x*n), n. [Or. cramoiinn, LL. cnmtesi-
niw, fr. Ar. qermazlt fr. qermez crimson, kermes.] A deep
red color Unged with blue. —a. Of a deep red color. —
V. t. To redden. — v. i. To blush.
GrtBge (krinj), v. i. [AS. crincgan, cringnn, to yield.]
To draw one^s self together as in fear or servility ; to
crouch with base humility ; to fawn. — n. Servile civility ;
fawning ; a bowing, as in fear or servility.
CMa'gle (krTn'gM), n. [Icel. kringla orb.] 1. A withe
for fastening a gate. 2. An iron or rope thimble or grom-
met at the edges and comers of a sail.
Orllllta (kri'nlt), a. [L. crinire, -Uum^ to cover with
hair, crjnit hair.] 1. Like a tuft of hair. 2. Bearded.
Orilfklo (krTn'k'l), v. t. & i. [Dim. of cringe.] To
bend with short turns, bends, or wrinkl««R. — n. A wlnd-
hig or tarn. — Cllindad (-kMd), CMnldy (-kiy), a.
OlfBOld (krf^oid), a. Pwrtaining to, oondsHng of , or
containing, orinoids. — f». One of the Crinoidea.
II ail-lMia'»« (krt-noidt-A), n. pL [NL., from Gr.
Kfiivop lily-f-oio.] A large dasa of Sobinodermate,
attached by a jointed stem.
OllB'O-lilM (krIn'«-lTn), n. [F., fr. crM hair, L. eriniM.-\
1. A stiff cloth, used chiefly for women's nnderskiita, to
expand the gown worn over it 2. A hoop akirt.
CMp'Vto (krTp'pM), n. [AS. erypely h, eredpan to
creep.] One who creeps, halts, or limps; alameperton;
one partially disabled. — e./. 1. To lame. 2. To disable.
Orl'all (kri'sis), M. / pi. Cbubb (-sSi). [L. ; Gr. K|>6nc,
f r. icpiWiy to separate. J 1. Decisive moment ; turning
point. 2. Change in a disease which indioatea whether
the result is to be recovery or death.
(Map (krTsp), a. [AS. ; fr. L. erispus."] 1. Curling in
stiff ringlets. 2. Brittle ; friable. 3. In afreah, unwUted
condition. 4. Lively ; sparkling ; effervescing. 6. Brisk ;
lively. —V. <. 1. To curl ; to wrinkle. 2. To make brittle,
as ill ct^oklTi]?. — n. That which is crisp ; rind of roasted
pork ; ,-r.U'klmii. —Crisply, adv. — (Msp'lIMm n.
Crla ' pin {ktl^* \*\ n hn. A shoemaker.
Ori- te' ri om ii r 1 ^ti' r I - til I ), n. [Gr. xpin^pior, f r. Kpvrit
jui i nf . ] ff L AiidtiTiJ of Juil !^ ug ; rule for correctly esttmat-
tojj UrtK |>riiiripl*6, coii-Juct, etc
Okit'lO ( k rTt 1 k ), ft, [ G r . xptruc^ ; fr. xpuvtv to Jadge.]
1. Qui' i<ki]led in Jii<J|u[iii|J! ; connoisseur; one who passes
Ju<]^i[^^'i»t iip^iti Liti'rary Kr srtistic works, etc. 2. One
who tiDUJiures ; cav Uer ; carper.
OritOo-al (-T-kaa a. L Qualified to critldie. 2.
Pertaining to criticism ; accurate. 3. Indined to make
nice distinctions ; exact. 4. Inclined to find fault ; faa>
tidious; censorious. 6. Indicating a crisis or important
juncture ; of doubtful issue ; dangerous. — 0ltt1lMd47i
adv. — Oritlo^-BMS, n.
Olltl-otM (-T-ds), v.LSti, [Written also eriiieiMe,}
1. To examine and judge as a critic. 2. To animadvert.
Olitl-dmi (-sTs'm), n. 1. Principles of Judging prop-
erly. 2. Critical observation or review; acritique; oensure.
Oll-tlqiW' (krT-t9k'), n. [F. ; fr. Gr. xpirunl (so. Hw^)
the critical art, from xpiTUDk.] A critical examination,
dissertation, or analysis of any subject ; a criticism.
OrOAk (kr5k), V. i. [AS. cracettan to croak.] 1. To
make a low, hoarse ndse in the throat, as a frog, raven,
or crow ; to make any dismal sound. 2. To grumble ; to
complain; to forebode eril. — n. Harsh, coarse sound
of a frog, raven, etc. — OrOAk'er, n.
GltHmet' (ki^-shiO, n. [F., small hook, croc hook.]
A kind of knitting done by a hooked needle, with worsted,
silk, or cotton.— V. t. A i. [imp. Ap.'p. Gbocrbtbd
(-shSdO : p. pr. & vb. n. Cbochbtwg (-shS'Yng).] To knit
with a crochet needle or hook.
Orook (kT5k), n. [Cf. W. croeg cover.] Black parti-
cles collected from combustion, as on pots and kettlaa,
or in a chimney ; soot ; smut. —v. /. To soil.
Orook, n. [AS. croc.] Piece of crockerv or coarse
earthenware. — f. /. To lay up (butter, etc.) in a crock.
Orook'er-T (-Sr-j^), n. Vessels formed of baked clay.
OntHttit (-«t), n. [OF. croquet^ dim. of eroe hook.]
Arrhitectural ornament resembling curved foliage.
Oroo'a-dlle(-*-dn),n. [Gr. xpmataciAot.] Amphibious,
lisardlike reptile of Africa, Asia, and America.
Crocodile of the Nile (Croeodibu vuftforU).
Oro'cmi (krSnciis), n. [L., saffron, fr. Gr. icpdicoc.] L
An iridaceous plant, with pretty blossoms. 2. A deep
yellow powder ; oxide of iron, used as a polishing powder.
f«ni, recent, 6rb, r^de, f^ fUn, food, fo^ot, out, oil, ehair, (o, sins, ink, then, thtiL
CROFT
142
CRUCIBLE
[AS.] A nnaU, IndoMd fl«ld.
[0-^
aroa(krBft),i». ^
OnNM (krOn), ». [OD. kronie an old abeep, OF. «a-
roane ctariotL] An old woman ; — in contempiL
Oro'lIT (kranV), n. An intimate companion.
OnMk (krd6k), n. [Akin to Icel. itrAftr.l 1. A band or
onrre. 2. A bent implement ; a ahepherd's or biahop*a
ataff. 3. An artifice ; trick ; aobterf uge. 4. An acoom-
pUoeofthieTe8,forgera,eto. JCttnQ^v.t.Sti, To bend.
Qntllkf9A (-M), a. 1. Having a orodk or cunre;
deformed. 2. Not atraitfhtforward ; diatorted. 3. Fklae ;
f randulent. — Ontikfm-ljt adv, — OnKdl^cd-atW, f».
Oraon (kresn), r. l & i. [D. kretmen to moan, j To
bam.-*n. 1. Continued murmur. 2. A low melody.
Om (krOp), ». [AS., oraw, top, ear of com.] 1.
Poucmike gullet of birda, for holding food ; oraw. 2.'That
which is cropped or gathered ; f nJt ; hanrest 3. Hair
cut abort. —«. L 1. To out off the topa of ; to browae ;
to nluck ; to reap. 2. To canae to bear a crop.
dnMMf (kr^-kS'), II. [F. ; croc crackling aound.]
Game played by driTing wooden balla with malieta.
II Oro-mwttflr (-kStO, n. [F., fr. croquer to crunch.]
A ball of minced meat, etc, aeaacmed, and fried.
OkO'lkr (krS'xbSr), n. (OF. croee, croche, fr. LL.
orocM.] A Diahop*8 paatoral atalL
Grow (kr8«), n. [OS. & OF. craitt fr. L. crux croaa.!
1. A gibbet, conaiatfaig of two pieces of timber placea
transversely upon one another. 2. Symbol of Christ's
death and of Christianity. 3. Ai&ictkm as a test of pa-
tience or virtue; trial, misfortune. 4. A mixing of breeds
or stock, or the product of such intermixture ; a hvbrid.
—a. 1. Not paraUel ; tranaverae ; Intersecting. 2. Not
accordant with what is wiahed ; adverse ; oonteary ; per^
verse. 3. Peevish ; fretfuL 4. Made in an opposite di-
rectioQ ; inverae; interchanged. — v. t 1. To put acroas,
or ao as to intersect. 2. To lay or draw araaething
acroaa. 3. To paas from one side to the other of ; to tra-
verae. 4. To pass, as objects going in an oppoaite direc-
tion. 6. To run counter to ; tothwart ; to interfere with.
6. To make the sign of the cross upon (ooe*s self). 7.
To cancel by marking croaaea over. 3. To mix the Weed
of. — V. i. 1. To lie athwart 2. Tonaas from one aide
to the other, or from place to place. 3. To interbreed.
Cross tin, a bin brought by a defendant, in an equity
juit, against the plainttiT, respecting the matter in ques-
tion in that suit. — Cross roftronoo, a reference made from
one part of a book or register to another part, where the
subject is treated ot.
Syn. —Fretful ; peevish. 8ee Fvarwvh.
f (-bitr'), n. A transverse bar or piece.
f (-bCJ, n. A weapon for discharging
arrowa, formed by placing a bow croaawise on a stock.
OronnvMd' (-brSdOt n. 1. a breed produced from
parents of different breeds. 2. A hybrid.
GnNW'-es-am'llIt (-fes-lmTn), v. t. To exandne or
question (a witness who nas been called and examined
by the opposite party). — Onws'-az-am'i-lUlttoll, f».
Oron'-ey*' (-iO* *•• Strablsmna.
Onws'-eyod' (-idO* a. Squint-eyed ;
Strablsmna.
: squinting.
Onws'KrallMd' (-grind'), a. 1. 'Having the grain or
flbera mn irregularly. 2. Perverse ; contrary.
OroninJI, n. 1. Act bv which anything ia crossed.
2. The making the sign of the cross. 3. A mixing of
breeds. 4. Intersection. 6. Place wliere a stream, etc., is
crossed ; paved walk acroas a street. 6. Contradiction.
OrOM^y, adv. Athwart ; adversely ; with 111 humor.
OrOM'lMn, n. The being cross ; peevishness.
Onws'-piirpQM (-pQr'pQs), n. A counter or oppos-
ing purpose ; soroethii^ inconsistent or contradictory.
OrOM'-qaM'tlOll (•Kwes^chan),«. t. To croas^xamine.
OrOM'nMld'(-rSdO.OrOM'way^(-wiO,n. Road cross-
ing another ; obscure road avoiding the main road.
OrOM'wla*' ('WlxOt odv. Across ; transversely.
Orotoh (kr5ch ; 62), n. [Cf. CKOTdner, Cbutcb.] A
fork ; point where a trunk of a tree divides.
OmOk'M (krSch'K; S2), n. [F.] 1. A forked sop-
port ; crotch. 2. A time note in muuc, with a atom, hav-
ing half the value of a minim ;
a quarter note. 3. In print- Z
ing,abraoket. 4. Apervei
fancy; whim.
CbOlOll'CtT (-8t-y)»a. Given '
to crotcbeta ; subject to whima.
Crotehsts.
(krouch; 88). v. i. [OB. crucchen; cf. O.
krouchcHt B. crook.'] i. To stoop low ; to lie dose to
the ground with the legs bent. 2. To fawn ; to cringe.
OnmA (kroud), %. A crowd ; violin.
droop (kr05p), n. [F.] Buttocks of a horse, etc
Qtoop, *i. [Scot. ; cf. crowp to croak.] An Inflam-
matory affection in the throat, with cough and diiBcnlt
breathing. —Onim'oni, Orooi/y, a,
Onmffi^K (krn'pT-8r). n. [F.; prop., one who dta
on the croup, and henoe, m the aecond place; an aaalat-
ant.] 1. One who preotdea at a gaming table and ool-
lecta the atakea. 2. One who, at a public dinner, alta at
the lower end of tlie table as assistant chairman.
QrtW (krO)» v* ^ [imp. Cbsw (krn) or Cbowxd (krSd) ;
p. p. Cbowbd (Ciowm (krSn), Obs.); p. pr. & vb. n.
Caownro.] [AS. crSwim.'} 1. To make the ahriU
aound of a cock. 2. To about In exultation ; to brae.
draw, n. [AS.crfiiM.] 1. A bird, usually Mack, hav-
Ing a atroog conical beak, with a harsh, croaking note.
2. Iron bar with a beak, crook, or claw ; lever ; crowbar.
3. Ciy of the cock.
OrawnMl' (krOO^HrOt ». Pointed iron lever.
Chnowd(kroud),r.l.&l. [AB-crikfan.] l.Topaah;
to shove. 2. To drive together. 3. To fill to excess ;
to throng. — n. 1. Number of things closely pressed to-
gether, or adjacent to each other. 2. Number of persons
congregated without order; throng. 3. The rabble ; mob.
Syn. — Throng ; multitude. See Thboho.
Orowd, n. [W. crwth.'\ An ancient kind of violin.
[Written alao cromdy crowth^ cruth, and crwih.l
Orawftoor (krO^fOet^), ». l. a pUnt of many ape-
dea ; aome are conunon weeds, others flowering plants.
2. A number of amaU corda to suspend an awning by.
3. A caltrop. 4. A tool uaed In boring wells.
Onwn (kroun), n. [OB. St OF. corone, L. corona.]
1. A wreath, garland, or ornamental flUet enclrrling the
head;arewsM. 2. A royal head-dress.
3. The person entitled to wear a
crown : the sovereign. 4. Imperial
or regu power ; sovereignty. 6. High- j
est state; perfection. 6. The sum- \
mit. 7. Topmost part of the head.
8. The part of a hat above the brim.
9. Top or grinding surface of a tooth.
10. Vertex of anarch. U. A slse of
writing paper. 12. A coin stamped
with the image of a crown ; a denom- crown, s.
ination of money.
Crown ^asa, the fhiest quality of plate or window glass,
containing no lead. — Crown Pnneo, the heir apparent to
a crown or throne. — Crown saw, a saw formed like a
hollow cylhider. with teeth on the end, and open tod by
rotation : a trephine. — Crown wbssl, a wheel having teeth
set at right anglea to Ita plane.
— r. /. 1. To decorate with a crown ; to invest with royal
dignl^ and power. 2. To adorn. 3. To form the top-
most or fluiahing part of ; to perfect.
Orown'ar (kroon^), n. old name for a coroner.
Orow'r-foot' (krOtTdbf), n. 1. pi. Wrinkles around
the outer comers of the eyes of old persons. 2. A caltrop.
[Written also crowfoot."]
Orn'tttal (krn'ahol), a. [F. ; fr. L. ctikt, ervci*. cross,
torture.] 1. Having the form of a cross ; cruciform ;
intersecting. 2. Severe ; trying or searching ; decisive.
Chrn'cl-lllt (krn'sT-bn), n. [LL. cruciimlum hanging
B, 8, 1, ?^ fl, long { A, 3, 1, 5, «, t, abort ; aonito, 3v«it, tdea, 6bay, finite, c4ra, Unn, Ask, nn, finoL
CRUCIFER
143
CUBE
Crucibles.
[L. cruxy emeu -f
bnip. mtihmx pot for melting metala.] 1. A pot, com-
posed of some refractory tulMtaDoe^ —
M day, graphite, platinum, and uaed
for meltiiur and oaldniug metala,
oree,etc 2. AboUowatthe bottom
ot a f omaoe, to receiTe the melted
metaL 3. A dedaiTe test ; MTere
triaL [ciferous plant. I
Ore'oMw (km'.T.fSr), n. A cru- 1
Oni-Oir«r-«IUI (krv-atfSr-tt*), a.
-fertnu.} . 1. Baariug a oroM. 8. Like, or pertaiuing
to, a family of plants having four petals arranged like
arms of a cross, as the mostMrd, radish, turnip, etc.
Ore'cl^lECkrn'sT-aks),!*. [F. SeeCaccirT.] A rep-
resentation of the figure of Ghrist upon the cross.
OnflA-tlMfUm (-ffk'shOn), n. 1. The nailing a person
to a cross, to pat him to death. 8. Death upon a cross.
3. Intense suifering. [Gross-shaped. I
On'Ot-fom (-fOrm), a, [L. erux, erueU -h -/orm.'\\
Qrn'Ol^ (-fi), f . /. [F. erueiJUr, fr. L. cr«x, cmcw
-^Jliereto fix.] 1. To kill by nailing the hands and feet
to a croas. 8. To subdue completely ; to mortify.
OniAt (krnd), a. [L. erudtu raw.] 1. In Its natural
state ; not cooked, refined, or prepared for use; raw. 2.
Unripe ; immature. 3. Not reduced to order or form ;
nnfimshed ; displaying superficial and undigested knowl-
edge ; without oultare or profundity. 4. In bad taste ;
tawdiy. — Onid«ay, adv. — OnidrBMM, Qrn'dl-tF, n,
Ore'tl (krn'nu n. Crewel.
Qrn'tl, a. [F. ; fr. L. crudelu^ fr. criMfiw.] 1. Dis-
posed to pain othen ; merciless. 8. Oausing pain, grief,
or misery. — Om'tf-ly, odr. —On'tH'tf (-ty), «.
QnftH {kx^nk), n. [Anglo-Fr.] SmaU bottle to hold
Tin^ar, oil, eto., for the tsBle ; a castor.
'I (knis), n. A cruie, or small bottle.
I (kri|s), V. f. [D. krtiUen to move in a sigisg,
to cruise, fr. kniU cross, fr. OF. croi$ cross.] To sail
back and forth on the ooean. — n. A voyage in various
directions ; a sailing to and fro. — Oniil^tr, n.
Onilltr (krfil'lSr), n. [Gf. Curl.] A cake curled or
twisted, and fried in boili|ig fat. [Also written kruller.]
Onunb (krfim), n. [AS.crifma.j [Written also crttm. J
1. A small fragment ; small piece of bread or other food.
8. A Uttle : a bit 3. The soft part of bread. —v. /. To
break into small pieces with the fincers.
OnUBllU (krfim'b'l), v,tAi, jDim. of erumb.} To
break into small pieces. — Onui^VkJ (-blj^), a.
Orun^WCf (-my), o. 1. Full of crumb or crumbs. 8.
8<rft, as the crumb of bread is ; not crui^.
Onu^^«t (krfimi/St), H, [Prob. fr. W. erempoa pan-
cake, fritter.] A kind of muffin, cooked on a griddle.
Onmi'plt (krfim'pn), v.t.Ai. To wrinkle ; to rumple.
OnmOB (kriinch), v.i,&L [Prob. imitative.] 1. To
chew noisily ; to craunoh. 8. To grind or press violently.
Qrnp (krfip), n. The croup, or rump of a horse.
Onip'^tr (faryp'pJr in U. S. ; kr&p'pSr in Eng.\ n.
[F. eroupiirt, tt, croupe rump. ] [Written also crouper. ]
L Rump of a horse. 8. Strap, passing under a horse's
tail, holding the saddle from slipping forwards. — r. t.
To put a crupper on.
0 Oral (krfis), fi. ; pi. Camu (krn'ri). [L., the leg.]
That part of tin hind limb between the femur, or thigh,
and ankle, or tanus : shank. — Om'ral, a.
Ore-saOe' (kr^-sld'). »• [F. croitade, fr. L. eruz
cross.] 1. One of the medieval railiUry expeditions to
recover the Holv Land from Mohammedans. 8. Any
fanatical enterprise. — 0ni-s%4'tr, n.
OnUM (krns), n, FAkln to LO. hniru^ kroos^ mng, Jar.]
1. A cup or duui. 8. Bottle for water, oil, honey, etc.
Onfltt (kru'sgt), ». '"
Onull (krfish), r. /. _
tween hard bodies ; to sqiieese into a iniass. 8. To reduce
to fine partioles by pounding or grinding. 3. To over-
whelm by pressure. 4. To snbdoe totally. — v. i. To
[FJ A eoldsmlth's crucible.
[OF. CTMM/r.] 1. To bruise be-
be broken down or in, or pressed into smaller oompaat.
— n. 1. Violent oollisioa or compression ; crash ; ruin.
8. Violent pressure ; crowd. —Onwll'Mr (krfish^r), m.
OniSt (krfist), n. [L. crtu/o.] 1. Hard extomal coat
of anything ; outer shell ; incnuiation. 8. Hard surface
of bread, a pie, etc 3. Shell of crabs, lobsters, eto. —
V. I. To oover or line with an incrustation.— v. i. TO
gather into a hard
crust.
liOnis-ti'o^-a
(krfis -ti'ah«-4),
n.pl. [NL.] One
of the dsMes of
arthropods, in-
cluding lobstora '
and crabs; —so
called from their
crust-like shelL One of the Cnwtseta (Oammartu loeiutay.
— Onw- tl'OMUl N**' *^**- o o' AntSDna of left tide i e
r.tS/«lutn • 9n\ a ^esd or Cephalon i d-4' Thoracic So-
A - ^^1^214-/ "»**«• « *-*' B«^«n Abdominal Somite* s
& n. — OniS-ttl'- t-tf Epimcra t 1-7 Thoracic Leg* i « Ab-
oeoOS (-ti'shfis ; domioal Lags i a Uropoda.
20). a.
Onwt^ (krfist7), a. 1. like a crust or hard cover-
ine. 8. Having a rough manner; surly. — 0niStl4y,
adv. — Orast^MM, n.
CnitOh (krftch ; &2), n. [AS. erycv.^ \. A staff with
a crosspieoe at the head, to support tiie lame in walking.
8. Pommel for a woman*s saddle, supporting the leg.
Ory (krf), v.i.det. [F. crier. '\ 1. To call or exclaim
vehemently ; to proclaim ; to imnlore. 8. To lament
audibly ; to weep. — ». 1. A loud utterance ; inarticu-
late sound of an animaL 8. Outcry ; clamor. 3. Expres-
sion of grief, distress, eto. ; lamentation. 4. Loud ex-
pression of triumph, wonder, or acclamation. 6. A
pack of hounds.
OryVt CKr^pt)* n. [L. crypta vault, crypt, Or. xpvvr^,
fr. Kpvirrvtv to hide.] 1. A vault ; cell for burial pur-
poses ; subterranean chapel. 8. A gland, cavity, or tube
in an animal body ; follicle.
II Orrp'tO-nllli-A (krlp^ti-gl'ml-i), n. [NL., fr. Or.
KovifTev -h yofioff marriage.] The division of flowerless
plants, or thoae never having true stamens and pistils,
but propagated by spores of various kinds.
OrypOo-gnuii (-t«-grSm), Oryp'to-grapli (-grif), n.
[Or. KfivwT6t -\- -gram^ -ffraph.} Gipher ; sometliing
written in cipher. — 0l7P't»%Tai^l0, a — Oryp-tOf'-
n-jhfi-Uiff'Ti^m^n.' ''^ *" "^*^
Cnnrp-Wo-gy i-tW^-jy), n. [Or. kpvwt^ + -iogy.]
Secret or enigmatical language.
ChTBtll (krTs'tal), n. [OE. & F. cHstal, L. crystal-
lum crystal, ice, fr. Or. KpvoroAAof, fr. irpvoc frost.]
1. Form wliich a substance naturally asaumes in solidi-
fying. 8. A species of glass, more perfect than com-
mon glaas. 4. Olaas over a wateh face. — a. Gonsisting
of, ot like, crystal ; dear ; transparent.
Om^U-Unt (-lln or -ITn), a. "L Goneisting of cryat«L
8. Formed by cr3rstallisation. 3. Imperfectly cryatal-
liznd. 4. Pure; transparent.— n. A crystalline substance.
Chryital-liie (-Uz), v.t.&i. To form Into crystals. —
OmPtal-U'sa-bla, a. - Oryi'tal-U-sattoii, n.
0r7S'tal-IOI^-l^y(-15g'ri-f^),n. [Or.itpw<rT«AAo« +
-graphy.'] 1. Science of crystallization, the forms, struc-
ture, etc.. of crystals. 8. A treatise on crystallization.
OtO^OOld (tS'noid or tISu'oid), a. [Or. rrtiV, KTtv6t,
comb 4- -o*<f-] (o) Having a comblike margin. (6) Per-
taining to the Gtenoidei.
II Ote-noW'e-1 (t«-noid't-i), n. p/. [NL.] Fishes hav-
ing scales with a pectinated margin, as the perch.
Oab (kfib), ». [Gf. Ir. cuib.^ 1. A young animal,
esp. a young bear. 8. An awkward, rude boy.
OlllMi-tim(ku'bi-ttlr; 40), n. [L. cubm cube.] The
determining the solid or cubic contentH of a boflv.
OulM (kub), n. [F. ; L. cubut, fr. Or. icv/3oc'.] L A
fin, raowt, 6rb, ryda, fyll, Am, fdbd, ftfbt, out, oil, eliair, bo, sins, ink, then, thin.
CUBEB
144
CUP
ngokr Mlid with six equal Minmre lidM.
2. Product got by taking a quantity three
times aa a factor ; aa 4 X 4 = 16, and 16
X 4 = 64, the cube of 4. —V. f. To raiae
to the third power.
OnniMto (kttOieb), n. [F. eubkbe, fr.
Ar. kabdbat,} Spicy berry of a species of ,
pepper, native in Java and Borneo.
Whia (-blk), t a. Having the form or proper-
Ott'UlHa (-bT-kal), ) Ues of a cube.
OttHlIt (-bit), n. [L. cubitumy cubitus, elbow, ell,
cubit.] A meaaure of lengtii, being the distance from
elbow to end of the middle linger. — OnOlit-al, a.
Onok'Old (kOk'ttld)] fi. [OF. eoHcuoi, ir. L. cwulu*
a cuckoo. The female cuckoo lays lier eggs in other
birda* neata, for them to hatch.] A man wnoae wile is
unfaithful. — r. /. To make a cuckold of.
On^OO (kd6k'55), n. [F. eoucoti, prob. imitative.]
A bird of many species, European and American.
Ott'onl-Utt (kuncttl-ltt or kA-kUntt), l a, [LL. cu-
Ott'onl-la'ted (-Ifi'tSd or -It-Ukl), \ euUatut, fr.
L. ct4Ctt//iwoap, hood. 1 1. Hooded ; cowled. 2. Having
the edges toward the base rolled inward,
aa the leaf of the violet. 3. Having 4
hood-like orest.
Oo^OVm-btr (ku'kfim-bSr), n. [L. eu-
oimit.] A creeping plant, whose unripe
fruit is eaten either fresh or pickled.
Ott-CUr'Ut \ (-kQKbTt), n. [L. cucur-
On-Oimilto S bUa gourd.] A vessel p„. ,. ^ ^Jf
or aaak for distiUation. Cusull.te Leaf.
Oo-evlll-U'OMIIt (-bT-a'shOfl), a. Like, or pertain-
taig to, the cucumber, melon, gourd, and kindred plants.
Ood (k&d), n. [AS. cudu, rtrti</«.] 1. A portion of
food brought up into the mouth by ruminathig animals
from their first stomach, to be chewed a second time. %.
Piece of chewing tobacco ; quid. [ix)tr]
Ond'dlt (k&dM*l), V. i. [Prob. fr. couth known.] To
lie close or snug ; to nestle. — n. A close embrace.
Ond'dy (-dV), n. [D. knjititA Small cabin ; galley.
Ottdr«l (ktlf 61), n. [OB. higgtl ; cf. Q. keule club.]
A staff; club. ^^r. /. To beat with a cudgel.
Oa« (kS), n. [OF. COM, coe, F. queue, fr. L. coda,
Cauda, taiL] 1. Tall : end of a thmg ; twist of hair
worn at the back of the head ; queue. %. Last words
•f « pUy actor*s speech, reminding the next player to
qpeak; catchword. 3. Hint; intimation. 4. Part one
has to perform. 6. A rod used to impel the ball in bil-
Uards. — r. /. To form into a cue ; to braid ; to twist.
Oolf (klif), V. t. [Cf. 8w. kuffa to knock, push.] To
■trlkej tosUp.--ii. A blow ; box ; slap.
Ontt, n. [Perh. fr. F. coiffe headdress, coif.] The
part of a aleeve turned back from the hand.
Ovl-nM' (kwt-risO* n. [F. cutroMie, orig.. a breast-
plate of leather, for OF. ciiirSe, fr. L. corium leather,
hide.] 1. A piece of defensive armor, covering the
upper part of the body. 2. An armor of bony plates,
on animals, insects. Ashes, etc. [with a cuirass. '
Onl'nUhtlW (kwe'rAvRSK), n. [F.] Asnldierarmed
OnlSh (kwTs), n. [F. rnUse thigh, fr. L. coxa hip.]
Defensive armor for the thighs.
II Onl'SllM' (kwt'zliiO, n. [F., fr. L. roqnina kitchen,
fr. rogw/rff tocook.] 1. The kitchen. 2. Cookery.
llOnl'-dA-MM' (ky'd/'-sik' or kul'd^-ffftkO, n. [F.,
lit., bottom of a bag.] Passage with only one outlet.
II On1«Z (kunSks), n. [L., a gnat.] A genus of dip-
terous insects, inchidhiff the gnat and mosquito.
Onll-IUhry (-IT-nl-ry), a. [L, CfUinariujt, fr. culina
kitchen.] Relating to the kitrhen, or to cookery.
Ooll (kill), V. t. [F. nteillir to gather, pick, fr. L.
cotligere to collect.] To separate, select, or pick out.
OQllMI-der (kQin9n-dSr), n. A colander, or strainer.
Onlly (-ly), n. [OF. couillon coward, dupe.1 One
•aaOy imposed on ; a dupe ; gull. ^ r. t. To trick.
(kfilm), n. [L. culmus.] Stalk of grain and
grasses (includiug bamboo), jointed and usually hollow.
Onlm, fi. [Perh. fr. W. cwlm knot.] {a) MGieral ooal
not bituminous ; anthracite. (6) Coal dust, etc, for fueL
II OallBeB ^kQi'mSn), n. [L., Ir. eeitere (hi oomp.) to
impel ; ct. ceinu pushed upward.] Top ; summit.
Olil-lllif«r-«ai (-mlf^Sr-Os), a. [L. culmus stalk
-f '/etou*.'} Having jointed stemc or culms.
Onl'mi-llAt* (-mT-uit), r. t. [L. cutmen top.] To reach
its iiiglMiit altitude ; to come to the meridian ; to be di-
rectly overhead, —a. Growing upward, as dislingnished
from lateral growth. — Oal'ml-BatlOII, n,
I' Ool'pA (kai'pA), 11. [L.] Negligence or fault.
Onl'^-bU, a. [L. eulpabtiUy f r. cuipare to bUme, f r.
culpa.] l>eserving censure ; faulty ; immoral ; criminal. —
OuA^>a-Wt nwi, Ool'M-blll-ty, n.— 0ia'pA-M7,o</r.
Ooi'pflt (-prlt), n. 1. Oue accused. 2. A criminal.
Oalt (ktilt), n. [F. culte, L. citltus care, culture.]
System of religious belief or of rites employed in worship.
Onltl-Tatt (kU'tT-Tit), r. t. [LL. cuUirarc, -rahtm,
to cultivate, fr. L. colere to till.] 1. To labor upon, with
a view to valuable returns; to till. 2. To foster; to
cherish. 3. To court intimacy with. 4. To refine. 6. To
produce by tillage. — Ool^-Tft-bla, Oaim-Ta'tH-Vto, a.
Olll'U-TatlOll,n. 1. A cultivatUig ; Improvement by
agricultural processes. 2. Advancement in physical, in>
tellectual, or moral condition ; refinement ; culture.
Onl'tl'Ta'tor (-vS^tSr), n. 1. One who cultivates. 2.
Implement used to loosen the enrth and kill weeds.
Oultim (-tttr ; 40), n. [F. ; L. cultura, fr. cotere.} 1.
A cultivating (the earth). 2. A training man*s moral na-
ture. 3. Enlightenment; refinement.— r./. To cultivate.
Onl'Ttr-lB (-vSMn), n. [F. cotitet^ne, fr. L. coluber
serpent.] An obsolete kind of cannon.
Ovl^ert (-vJrt), n. [OF. coulouert channel, gutter,
f r. couler to flow. ] A transverse drain or waterway under
a road, railroad, canal, etc. ; a small bridge.
OvmnMr (kfim'bSr), v. /. [OF. combrer to hhider.]
To rest upon as a load ; to embarrass ; to trouble, •^n.
Trouble ; distress. — OvmnMr-Mmt, Omnliroas, a.
Omnlll, Gimillllll (kfimTn), n. [AS. cymen.] A
dwarf umbelliferous plsnt, bearing aromatic ceeds.
OlI'Bni-late (ku'mfi-lit), r. /. [L. cumulare, -latum,
to heap up, fr. cttmulu* a heap.] To gather or throw
hito a heap ; to accumulate. — Oa'mil-latlOll, ft.
Ottlnil-UI-tlTe (-It-tTv), a. 1. Forming a mass ; ag-
gregated. 2. Augmenting force, by successive additions.
V OVmn-llM (-Ifis), n. [L., heap.] A form of clond.
On'Be-al (-nl-<il), a. [L. cuneus wedge.] Wedgelike.
Ott'ne-At* (-tt), ) a. [L aineatut, it. euneus.] Wedge-
Oll'kie-a'ttd, ( shaped, with the point at the base.
OlI'lM-AtlO (-ItOlc), a. Cuneiform.
On-IMl-fonB ^d-nSTT-fdrm), ) a. [L.
Onlll-fOflB (ku'nT-fdrm), f cftneut '
4- 'form.] 1. Wedge-rhaped ; — esp. ap-
plied to the arrowheaded characters of
ancient Persian and Assyrian inscrip-
tions. 2. Pertaining to, or versed In,
the wedge-shaped characters, or Inscrip-
tions in them. «- n. The Persian and
Assyrian wedge-shaped characters.
Ovn'nlllg (kQn^ning), a. [AS. cunnan
to know.l 1. Knowinff ; sUllf ul ; dex*
terous. 2. Wrought with skill ; curious.
3. Crafty ; sly. 4. Pretty or pleasing. [CoUoq. V. 8."] —
n. 1. Art ; skill. 2. Deceit : craft — Ooil'lllBC-ly, adr.
Syn. — CuNNnJo: Arttul: Slt; Wilt: CaArrr. —
r>/nn»nfir is usually low. yfrf/r// is more ingenious, ^/j^ Im-
plies a turn for what is double or concealed : crafty, a td-
ent for dexterously deceiving ; inly, skill In stratagems.
Onp (ktip), n. [AS. cuppe, LL. cuppa cup ; cupa tub.]
1. A small drinking vessel. 2. Contents of such a vessel;
cupful. 3. pi. Repeated potations ; revelry. 4. A part
(of an acorn, fiower, etc.) ahaped like a cup. 0. A
CnncatsLeaf.
ft, «, 1. S, fl,long ; ii, fi, T, 5,0, t, short; ssnfUe, dvent, tdsa, Obey, finite, oAre, linn, Ask, ||ll,fin«L
CCPBEARER
145
CURSfi
Mrr*«»f glam or iuinuBant naed to produce the TAciinm
in empbtg, ^v.L 1. To apply a cupping apparatut to.
See ComKO. 2. To make concave or tu the form of a cap.
QUfftrntn (kttpOitr'Sr), n. One who filla and hands
the cnpa at an entertainnei^
OW^feMf«(klU/bird),n. A emaU doeet, with eheWea
to receive cope, dkhea, food, etc.
0«^(k^p«l)t». [LL. cupelia.} A ihaUow porona
cop, need In reflning preciooa metaU. — r. t. To refine
bgr moaoa of a enpeL — Os'ftl-lAttaa, fi.
Onflal (kiip'fnJ)f n. Ab much as a cap will hold.
0«W (kS'pTd}, n. [L. CupUo, fr. eupido desire.
See Cuwiwrt.J The fabled god of love, sou of Venus.
On-WiafUj (-pTdT-tV), w. [F. cHfHdife, L. capidUtu,
fr. eupidtu longing, de«Lring, fr. cupere to lung for.]
BMer daiire. asp. for wealth ; avarice ; covetousness.
0B^9»la (ku'pt^U), n. [It. ; LL. eupnta, fr. eupa,
euppa^ eup; ef. L. eupa tab.l 1. A
roof or ceiling of rounded fonu.
2. A anuU etructore on the top of
a dome ; a lantern. 3. A furnace for
malkiMBMta
Oa^flac(klp^pTttg),n. A draw-
hig blood io or from Uie surfaoe of
the person by forming a partial vacu-
urn over tba spot; a similar drawing
of pus from an abscess.
Oivplag gisss. a glass onp in which
a paraaTvacuam is produced by heat, Cuooto (Arck \
in the process of cupping. *^^ '"
Ott'ipn-ims (ku'pr#-&»), a. [L. cupreut^ fr. cuprum.]
like or consisting of copper ; coppery.
OB-pdf«r-««ft (htt-prlfir-fis), a. (Cuprum f /erou*.'\
Containing ooppei
On^praOi (ku'prQm), n.
tL-l
Copper.
Oll'Ml* (kiFpU), n. [See Cupola.^
as of UM acorn : husk or bur of the ftlbert,
chestnut, etc. ft. A sucker or acetabulum.
Oar (k<lr), n. [Cf . OD. korre watchdog,
led. Htrra to grumble.] 1. A mongrel
A little cup,
Capable of
n.
Cupale
dog. %, A worthless, snarling fellow.
Oin'A-ttU (kur'A-bl), rt. C •■
beiag cored. » Ov'MlM-BMM,
0«'nM0ft'(kS&'r4.sy),N. A liqueur, or
cordial, first oiade at the island of Curafoa.
On'dlte (ku'rtt), n. [LL. curafus, one
charged with the care (I^ cura) of souls.
Bee CUBB.1 A olennrmau assisting a rector or vicar. —
o^rn-^ ('Tirtru OB'nttHiMp, ».
OVMtf* (kSr'i-tTv), a. Tendiiw to cure.
Os-nilor(kt-ri't&),n. [L.] 1. One who has the care
and superintendence of anything, as of a museum ; cus-
todian; keeper. 8. A trustee; guardian.
Ootb (kfirb), V. t. [F. eourber to bend, curve, L. cur-
rtir^, fr. eurru* bent.] 1. To manage, or restrain, as
with a curb ; to subdue ; to keep in check. 2. To furnish
(a well) with a curb ; to restrain (a bank of earth) by a
curb. — ». 1. That which curbs or subdues ; chaiu at-
taeliad to a bit, to compress a horse*s lower jaw, 2. A
retaining wall or frame. 3. A curbstone.
Oarb xooC a roof having a double tikope ; gambrel roof.
OnVitaM' (-stCnO, n. A stone pro-
tecting a margin ; edge stone.
OM (kfird), n. [Celtic] 1. Coag-
ulated part of milk or of any liquid. 2.
BdiUe flower bead of the broccoli,
oanliflowar. etc. •» r. f . A i. To coag-
ulate or thicken ; to curdle ; to sepa-
rate into curds and whey.
OVIfito (kfir'dn}, t.l&t. 1. To change into curd ;
tocoafttlate. 2. To thicken; tocongeaL
Ouv^f (kttrd^'
0«n(kur),n. L _
of souls, L. cura care, medical attendance, cure ; perb.
Curb Roof.
J^), a. Like curd ; coagulated.
[OF., csre ; F., also, cure, healing, cure
akin to Mvere to heed, E. OffttMon. Cure Is not related td
cars.] 1. Spiritual charge; care of souls; oOoa of a
parish priest ; curacy. 2. Medical care ; treatment of
disease. 2. Restoration to health. 4. A remedy; re-
storative. •»«./. 1. To heaL 2. To enbdue or remove
ia nuUady, bad habit, etc.) ; to remedy. 3. To preserve
meat, fish, hay, etc.), as by drying, saltiiw, etc — v. i.
[>o heal. -OVtf (kQHSr), n.
;i Oll'ri' (ky^rta n. [FJ A curate ; parson.
CNlfiew (kfir'tu), n. [F. eourrt-feu ; covrir to cover
-{-/e« fire, fr. L. foeu» fireplace.] An evening bell,or%.
a signal to cover fires and ratire to reat.
On'll-O (kG'rT-6), n. A curiosity or article of virtu.
Oa'rl-Ml-tT (-««'T.ty), n. fOE., OF., & P. ntHoHti,
fr. L. euriotitoM, fr. curiofus. See CuBXOUS.] 1. Dispo-
sition to inquire, or seek after knowledge ; inquisitive-
ness. 2. Anything fitted to excite or revrard attention.
On'rt'MS (ku'rl-Os), a. [L. euriotu* careful. Inquis-
itive, fr. ettra care.] 1. Exhibiting care or nicety;,
wrought with skill. 2. Careful to learn ; habitually iu-
quisitive ; prying. 2. Exciting attention or inquiry ;
fltrange ; rare. — Oll'll-OIM-ly, a<f f. — Onlt-om-Mflg, ft.
Byn. — Inquiritive ; prying. See IxqirnxmrB.
Owl (kfirl), r. /. [Akin to D. kruUm.l ^ To twist
or form into ringlets ; to crisp. 2. To coiL — r. f. 1. To
bend into curls or spirals. 2. To move or bend in a
curved form. — n. 1. A ringlet ; thhig of spiral or wind-
ing form. 2. Flexure ; sinuosity.
Gllll«W (kfirHu), n. [F. ecmrfieu.] Eunmaan and '
American wading bird, having a long, curved bilL
0llll'7(kfirl'j^), a. Curling; tendlnfftocurl ; crinkled.
Ov-aUid'KMII (k&r-infid'j&n), n. [OE. commiMf^.]
An avaricioui^ grasping fellow ; a churl.
OWnUit (kttr'rflnt), n. [F. corinthf (raisins de Co- '
rhUhe raLHins of Corinth) currant, fr. the city of Corinth •
in Oreece.] 1. A small seedless raisin from the Levant. '
2. A shrub of the gooseberry kind and its acid fruit.
OwCnm-Vf (-rSn-sJ^), n. 1. State of being current ;
general acceptance ; circulation. 2. That which is '
given and token as representing valqe ; notes circulating
as a substitute for metallic money. 2. Current value.
Ow'lruit (-rent), a. [OF. curcnt^ p. pr. of enrre to
run, fr. L. eurrere.^ 1. Now passing, sstime. 2. Pass-
ing from person to person ; generally received ; common.
3. Commonly acknowledge. 4. Fitted for general ac-
ceptance ; authentic. —n. 1. A flowing or passing;'
body of fluid moving continuously in a certain direction ;
a stream. 2. Oeneral course ; ordinary procedure. —
Onr'TMit-lT, adv. — Ov'rtBt-iiaM, n.
8yn. — stream; course. See Btrbam.
Onr^-^to (-rT-kM), n. [L. curriculum a runnlttg, race
course, fr. currere.'\ 1. A small or short course. 2. A
two-wheeled chaise drawn by two horses abreast.
Olir-rlo^-llim (-rTk'tt-lfim), ». [L. See Cvrbiom.]
1. A race course. 2. A specified fixed course of study.
Oor'rtflll (k&r^rTsli), a. Like a cur; snarling; snap-
pish ; churlish ; malignant : brutal. — Ouiliill-ly, Mr.
OwfTJ (kfir'ry), r. /. [OF. corrcier to prepare, f ag-
uish, curry (a horse), F. corrouer to curry (leather) ; cer-
(L. com-) Hh roi, rei^ order. ] 1. To dress (leather) f or4iso
by scraping, cleansing, etc. 2. To dress the hair or^cosf
of (a horse, etc.) with a currycomb and brush. '*'
Ovtrj.n. [Tamil ibarf.] [Written also c»«Tte.] I.
Highly spiced sauce much used in India. 2. If owl, fish,
etc., stewed with curry. — r. i. To cook with ourry.
Ov^-OOOrtK (-k9m'), n. A curd or oonb used In
currying a home. — r. /. To comb witti a curryeOmK.'
Oimt (kOrs), r. /. [imp. A p. p. CtmsBD (kOrst) or '
CiTmsT ; p. pr. & rb. n. Cvwcae.] [AS. cftr»ifm^ cortion^
tt, OF. croi*^ L. crux oroM.] 1. To imprecate evil upon ;
to execrate. 2. To injure grievously ; to torment. —
V. i. To swear. •»!•. 1. An invocation of harm ; male-
diction. 2. Cause of great evil : torment.
Syn. — Imprecation : execration. See Malihctiom.
fCTB, »°«^ ^^ ^Wda, fvU» «m, foM, teVt, out, oU, chair, (o, siMff, i«k, then, tkin.
CURSED
146
CUTTING
%mrww%
tonm.]
(Mtrft'Sd), a. DeMiring a cone ; hateful.
(kfti'tfiT), a. [LL. eursUnu, it. L. currere
nwwwiwg ; ttowing. — ». 1. A character uMd in
ritiof . 2. A mamucript written in connected
oharactera or m a runninff hand ; — opp. to uneiaL
0V-Mfrt4d (kfiT'iQ'rT-alK a. Adapted to running or
widklng, and not to prebenaioo.
Ou'lM-iy (kftr'a^^rj^), a. [L. curnritUf fr. eurscr.'}
Characterised by harte ; careleaa. — CNlI'lO^i-ly, adv.
Oart (kftrt), a. TL. eurtu*.'} EzceskiTely brief ; fthort.
OW-tall' (kfir-tnO. r. t. To cut off the end or tail,
or any part, of ; to shorten ; to reduce.
OnralB (kfirain: 2), n. [OF. eorHne, cuHine, LL.
eorUma curtain, alao, small court, fr. eorti* court.] 1. A
banging acreen. 2. That part of the rampart and para-
pet between two bastions or gates. «v. L To furnish,
or inclose, with curtains.
Ovtfey (kfirftfj^), n. Courtesy, an act of respect
OofraU (kn'rjil), a. [L. eurulU^ fr. cttmw a chariot.]
1. Pertaining to a cliariot. %. Pertaining to the chair
of state of Roman magistrates and dignitaries ; oiBciaL
Ov^nt* (kftr'vtt). la. [L. currare^ -vatum^ to
Ov'Va-M(-vt-tM), I curve, fr. ctirriM bent.] Bent
in a regular form ; curved.
OW-TatlOB (•vi'sbSn), n. A bending.
Ovr^fl-tart(-vt-ttr; 40), n. [L. eurvatura.^ 1. A
enrring. 2. Degree of bending of a mathematical curve.
Onnr* (kfirv), a. [L. ctirrtM.] Bent without angles ;
crooked; curved. —n. 1. A flexure. ^^ _^^
2. A line described according to some '""^ ^^
geometrical law, and having no finite Curve,
portionofitastraightline.— r./.«fti To bend ; to crook.
0«l't«t(kar'v«t or kttr-v«f),n. \l%. corveita.^ 1. A
particular m» of a horse, io that all his legs are in the
air at once. 2. A prank; a frolic. —«. i, \. To make
a curvet ; to bound. 2. To frisk ; to f r61ic
0v'Tl4lll'«4a(k(lr'vMIn'^al), Io. [L. eurvnt +
OBlM-llll'*«(-«r), f E.;tn«a/,/^i«ar.]
Consisting of. or bounded by, curved lines.
Oor^Yl-ty (-tV)« n. State of being curved.
Oull'«t(k«M/lt),fi. {K&.en*eeoU,^ The ringdove.
OuhlOB (-On), n. [OP. euUniiy L. euMta.] Case
■toffed with soft material, to rest upon ; pillow ; pad. —
9,L To i^aoe on, or furnish with, a cushion or cushions.
Oosp (kttsp), n. [L. etupit, 'idU^ point.] 1. A pro>
Je€tkm in an arch, tracery, panel, etc. 2. The horn of
the crescent moon. 2. A point at which two branches
of a curve meet, terminate, and are tangent to
each other. 4. A point en the crown of a tooth.
«r.f. To furnish with cusps.— Ooi'
OnyUL (ktts'pTd), fi. One of tl
teeth, bavinff but one cusp on the crown.
Om'pl-dU (•pT-dal), a. Ending in a point.
Oum-dat* C-dit), r. /. To point or sharpen,
■-a. Having a sharp end, like the point of a Cusp, S.
qtear ; terminating in a hard point.
Oa«'^-dar (-dSr), n. [Pg. etupideira, fr. euspir to
spit] A spittoon.
Ooa^jiM (-pTft), n. [L.1 A point ; sharp end.
OlMTard (-tird), n. [Prob. fr. L. enuUUu* covered
with a crust, eruata crust] A mixture of milk and
eggs, sweetened, and baked or boiled.
OlMKta^ (-t^j^), n. CL. enModia^ fr. cu»t09 guard.]
X. A guaroiiw ; care, watch, inspection, for keeping or
securi^. 2. Judicial or penal safe-keeping : imprison-
ment — Oos-tO'dl-Al (-tS'dT-Al), a. — Oos-tO'dl-ail, n.
ChUitOn (-tttm), ft. [OF. ctutume^ costume^ (r. L. ron-
auetudo^ -dinis^ fr. eonsuere to be accustomed.] 1. Fre-
quent repetition of the same act ; usage. 2. Habitual buy-
ing of goods; business support 2. Long-established
mactloe ; usage. 4. Customary tax or tribute. 6. pi.
Duties or tolls imposed by law on commodities imported
or exported.
Stii. — Practice ; fMhioo. See HAirr and Usa«b.
OuloaHHry(klisafim-t>r9),<r. Agreeing with, or es-
tablished by, custom ; habitual. — On^tomhtL-Alj, adr.
OoslOBi-tr, n. 1. One who regularl(y buvs of a trader ;
buyer. 2. A peculiar person ; — in an indefinite sense ;
as, a queer customer ; an ugly CKJ^omer. ICoUog.]
Ooa^tomrhaOMi^ (-hous^), n. The building where cus-
toms are paid, and vessels entered or cleared.
Ont (kfit), V. t. & i. limp. & p. p. Ccr ; p. pr, A pb.
n. CuTTUio.] [OK. cwttea, kitten ; prob. ol Celoc origin ;
cf. W. cwtau to shorten, dock.] 1. To separate with a
sharp instrument ; to sever ; to divide. 2. To hew ; to
mow or reap. 3. To carre. 4. To hurt deeply ; to lacer-
ate. 6. To intersect ; to cross. 9. To refuse to recog-
nise; to ignore. iCoUoq.l 7. Toabaentoae*sself. [Col-
log.} 8. To divide (a psick of cards) into two poitiona
to decide tlte deal or trump, or to change the order of the
cards to be dealt «». 1. A gash ; slash ; wound made by
cutting. 2. A stroke, blow, or cutting motion. 3. That
which wounds the feelings ; a slight 4. A notch, pas-
sage, or channel made by cuttins or digging ; a furrow.
S. Tlie surface left by a cut 6. A portion cut off ; a
division. 7. An engraved block or plate; tmpreasioo
from such an engraving. 8. The dividfaag a pack of earda.
9. Manner in which a thing la cut or formed; >hape;
style. 10. Absence from any appointed exercise. [Co^
lege Canf} —a. 1. Oashed ordivided. 2. Formed as by
cutting; carved.
Ott-U'ae^iis (kfi-ti'nt-IU), a. [L. cit/i« aUn.] Per-
taining to, existing on, or affecting, the skin.
Ollte (kut), o. [Abbr. of acute.'] Clever; shrewd;
cunning. — Oott'llMS, n. [CoUoq.l
Olltf-Olt (ku'tT-kM), n. [L. euttcula, dim. of cutis
skin.] 1. The scarfskm or epidermis. 2. The outermost
skin or pellicle of a plant 3. A thin skin on the surface
of a liquid. — OlI-tlO^-lAr, a,
II Chras (ktt'tTs), fi. [LI The dermis, or true skin.
OllMaM (k&tlas), ft. fF. coufelas^ fr. L. euitelln*
small knife, dim. of cutter knife.] A short, heavy, curv-
fang sword, used in the navy.
Ollta«r (-I2r), n. [F. coutaier, LL culteUariHS, fr. L.
eultellu*.^ A maker or dealer hi cutlery, or knives and
other cutting instruments.
Ootltr-y {-f)y n. 1. Business of a cutler. 2. Bdged
instruments, collectively.
Ottftot (-ISt), n. [F. cdtelette, prop. , little rib, dim. of
c6U rib, fr. L. casta. "] A piece of meat cut for broiling.
Ollf-Ott' (kfifOf), fi. 1. That which cuts off or
shortens, as a nearer passsge or road. 2. {a) The valve
gearing which cuts off steam from entering the orlinda'
of an engine when the stroke is partly made, (b) Axxy
derice for stopping or changing a current
Ontler, n. l. One who outs ; esp., one who cuts out
garments. 2. Tool or
machine for cutting.
3. A fore tooth; an
faidsor. 4. (a) A boat
used by ships of war.
ib) A fast saiUng ves-
sel with one mast, like
a sloop, but narrower
and deeper. 6. Alight
<me-hor8e sleigh.
Ontahroat'
(•thrSt'),n. Anassas-
.•^o. Murderous.
0llftlll3(-tTng),n.
L A making an inci-
sion, severing, felling,
shaping, etc. 2.
Something cut cut
Air nr ont nnt. .» it Cutter (4 h). The peculiar outline of
S • aS.^L TT T!. ; »*»* h"l» *' .howibelow the water.
1. Adapted to cut a Section of huU.
2. Chilling; pene-
trating ; shaip. 3. Severe ; sarcastic ; bitfang.
ft, S, 1, 8, fit, long ; &, «, 1, 5, 0, t, short ; sanftte^ 3vent, tdea, ftbey, ttnite, cAre, Km, Ask, »n, fln«L
CUTTLE
147
DACTYL
) n. FAS. ciMfefo.] A cephalo-
j pod having Un arms, by
09tlto(klita*I),
Ootll^.flBk' (-fish'), , ,
which it aecurea iU pray, alto ao ink ba^, from whicbj
when pursued, it throws out a dark liquid that clouds
the water, enabling it to escape observation.
Oarwft'tar (rw§/ar), n, 1. Fore part of a ship's prow.
2. Angle of the pier of a bridge, directed up stream,
to resist water, ice, etc 3. A sea bird of the Atlantic.
Ctat^WOm' (-wttrmO, n. A caterpUlar wliich at night
eats off young plants of cabbage, com, etc.
Oyft-BIt* (u'A-n&t), ». TF.] A salt of cyanic acid.
OF-«b1o (st-Snak), a. [Or. Kvoyoc a dark blue sub-
stance.] Pertaining to cyanogen, or to a blue color.
OF'a-alto (ai'A-nid or -uid), n. [F.] Chemical com-
pound of cyanogen with an element or radical.
0F-«ll'O-f«Il(-In'«-j«n),n. [Or.icvaHK-|— ^ffn.] Color-
less, inflammable, poisonous gas, of peach-bloseom odor.
Of'ft-noni'e-tar (si^A-u5m'8-t2r), n. [Or. «vay<K +
-meUrA Instrument to measure degrees of blneness.
Wm (sFk*l), ti. [F. ; LL. cye^a, fr. Or. icvkAoc.]
L A cirele or orbit. 2. An interval of time in which a
soooession of events is completed, and then returns in
the same order. 3. An age ; long period of time. 4. A
bicycle, tricycle, or other velocipede. — v. <. 1. To pass
through a cycle of changes. 8. To ride a cycle. — 0]K-
•Ur. n. -C^oOlo (sTkMTk or sindTk), OFOOlfr^l, a,
Of'ollllf , ti. Tlie riding a cycle. — OFoUst, n.
OrolS(->^old)>M- iCyclo- -\- -oid.^ Curve generated
bj a point in a circle rolled along a straight line. — Qf-
dflld'al, a. [Art of measuring circles. I
OF-elom'e-tIT (-kl5m1-try). n. [Cycto- -f- -m<rffy.] |
OrolOM {jafWn), n. [Or. KwtXmv moving in a circle,
p. pr. of KiMcAovr, fr. kvkAoc.] A violent storm, rotating
about a calm center.
OF'(dO-pa'«B (-klft-pS'an), a. [Or. KvcXwireuK, fr.
KvcAa«^ Cyclops.1 Pertaining to the Cyclops ; gigantic.
Ora»-P^^-A i (-pydTi), H. [NL., fr. Or. ki/kAck -|-
Ojr'CAO-pM'dl-a ) vatlUia education, fr. vaic child.]
Compass of art and science ; dictionary of all departments
of knowledge, or of a particular department ; encyclo-
pedia. -Orol»-P«d10 (-pMTk or •pS'dTk). a.
Oyg'lMt (aTg'nSt), n, [Dim. of F. cygne
swan, L. cvgnutA A young swan. I
0ylln4tr (sTfnrn-dSr). n. [Or. KvAivapof ,
fr. cwAMctr to rolL] (a) A body of rollerUke |
form, whoae longitudinal section is oblong, and
the cross section circular. (6) The space in- i
closed by any cylindrical surf ace. — Oy-llll'-
dflo (sT-ftu'drTk), Of-Ull'dllfMa, a. crlind^
OFllB^fOid (sTian-droid), n. [Or. itvAu^- ^y""**"'
ipm + -oid.\ A solid body resembling a right cylinder,
but having tiM bases or ends elliptioal.
OymlMd (sTm'bal), n. [L. cysite/um, fr. Or. wSpifiakam^
it. KVfifhi, Kviifioti anything hollow, basUi.] A musical
diih-shaped instrument of brass ; — used in pairs to pro-
duce a sharp ringing sound by clashing them together.
Orme (sim), n, [L. eyma sprout of a cabbage.] A
convex flower cluster.
OymUac, OfUiJt/tbkg (sTmlTng), n, A scalloped or
** pattypan** variety of summer squaah.
OylBOM (si'mSd), \ a. Like, or derived from, a
Oy'knowi (si'mfis), ) cyihe; bearing cvmea.
Oym'fto (kTm'rTk), a. [W. Cymru Wales.] Welsh.
— n. The Welsh laiuruage. [Written also KymricA
Oym'nrC-^).*- [w-.p/] The Welsh race. [Writ-
ten also Cvmrif Cunnry, Kymry, etc]
Oyillo (sfnTk), a. XL. eynieus of the sect of Cyiloa,
ir. Or. Kwucit. prop.4 doglike, fr. «vMif, kvk6c, dog.} L
like a surly doft ; snarling ; currish. 8. Pertaining to
the Dog Star. 3. Belonffing to the sect of philosophera
called cynics, or to their doetriues. 4. Sneering. •» ». L
One of the Oreek school of philosophers represented by
Diogenes, noted for its austerity, scorn t<x social cus-
toms, and contempt for the rlews of others. 2. A
snarler ; misanthnm. — OyHl-otni (sTi/T-sTsm), n.
Of'WHnn (si'nB-iihmr or sTn'ft-), fi. [Or. K»p6amtpa
dog*a tail, constelUtioo Cynosure; kumk -|- ovpa tail.]
1. Constellatloaof the Lesser Bear, contabiing the polar
star. 2. Anything to which attention Is strongly turned.
Of'jibiU (si'fir). n. A v. Cipher.
Oy^rtM (-prib), n. [L. cypreuHSj eupreuus, fr. Or.
mnropuroof.] A coniferous tree, having very durable
wood, and used as an emUem of mourning.
Oyp^M-AB (sTi/rT-an), a. [L. Cypriusy fr. Cypnu, Or.
Kvirpof, a Mediterranean idisnd sacred to Venus.] X.
Belongiog to Cyprus. 2. Conducing to lewdness, "^fi.
1. An inhabitant of Cyprus. 2. A harlot.
A (sTp'rT-noid), a. [Or. Kvwphnt a carp -f-
Like the carp. ^^n. One of the Carp family.
Oyirt (sTst), n. [Or. Kvcrtt bladder, bag. fr. jcvctr to
be pregnant. J Pouch or sac, usually contaming morbid
matter, dereloped in an animal body. — ChrsflO, a.
Oya'tO-Otlt (sTs^-sSl), n. [Or. icv«Ttc -f ifAii tumor.]
Hernia In which the urinary bladder protrudes.
Oys-tOt'e-my i-VSt^-mf), n. [Or. KuffTt€ + rtf^yctr
to cut. ] An opening cysts ; the cutting Into the bladder.
Cter (sir), n. [Ruas. totfre, fr. L. Caetar.} King;
chief; emperor of Russia. [Written also fsar.j
On-TOTlUl (sA-rSv'n4), n. [Russ. tMrevna,] Title of
the wife of the csarowlts.
OmM'IViul (-rS'nA), n. [Cf. O. sarin, ezarim. Rum.
tsariUa.'] Title of the emaress of T
CtaVO-Witl (siir^-wTts or tsi
t$arivieh\} "~
Oyv^-i
-oirf.J U\
_ tsiir^-vtch), H, [Ruse.
Title of the eldest son of the onr of Russia.
D.
[Perh. cormp. fr. adept. 1 A skillful
{Coili —
lhA(dKb),n. .
hand ; a dabster ; an expert. [Colloa.]
Dab, n. [Perh. fr. its quickness in diviiig.] A flounder
of several species, European and American.
Dftb, V. /. [OB. dabben to strike ; akin to CD. dabben
to pinch, dabble.] To strike gently, as with a soft sub-
stance; to tap.— 11. 1. A gentle or sudden blow ; a peck.
2. A small mass of anythi^ soft or moist.
DwirVU (-b*l), V. /. [Freq. of dab. ] To wet ; to spat-
ter, —v. <. X. To splash in mud or water. 2. To work
inaslightoranallway; to meddle. — DaJlHiler, n.
Mraw(-stSr),fi. Adah; an adept. [C0//09.]
I Dft' MfM (dUf VHrpt). [It, from [the] head or be-
ginning.] Frmn the begumlng ; a direction to a musician
to return to, and end with, the first strain ; -
by D. C. Also, the strain so repeated.
Indicated
(dis),n. [F. dard. See Dait a Javelin.]
small European cyprinoid flsh ; — caled also dare.
II DlolunillBd' (dUcsOinnt'), H. [O. daeht 1
Aund dog.] The
badger dog,
having short
crooked legs,
and long body.
DaoOyKdSk'-
tTl),n. [Or.
&ucTvAo« finger,
dactTl.1 1. A
poetical foot of
three syllables
(- o w), one long
and two short, or one accented and two unaooented.
Dsehthnnd.
flra, reomt, 6rb, r«de, f^ Am, ftftod, ftfbt, owt, oil, eliair, go, aiaff, iQk, then, ttUa.
DACTYLIC
148
DAPPLED
(a) ItBfir or toe. (6) Ttomiiua Im Joint of an tnaoot or
cnutaoeMi. — DftO-tflio (dik-tTiak), a. An,
Da0'tyl<«l'o-gy (dik'tii^n'ft-jj^), n. [Or.a^crvA<K4-
'iogy.'] Tbo oommunicating idaM by moTemonta of tha
ilugara, practioad by tha daaf and dumb.
Daift (did), !». Father; — a child*awozd.
. Dad'dy (dldMj^), n. DiminuUra of Dad.
Dad^ kBifUgi' (a) An arachnidan having a aaudl body
4«nd four paira of Ions laffa. {b) Tha crane fly.
DA'dO IdH/dt or dl'dd), n, [IL, die, cube, pedestal.]
(a)TUe«{itJL]^^!iart III tUtipadoMUlur ' (6) The
lawur (jurt ft a. y>^ll wJieii njlanifd ' .j^
Otl'lo^OJJ \ m 't A-ril 1 ), II . ILL. fijf *y*i u t ., .<, T ir dr. M^
D^t i«i^:L I, rj. titupid ; idlotit? ; 4a1i7tou» ; inaane.
DAi lOAg )^ ri, [V. iiagtii ; prob. f r. Qtltie. ] 1. Orig.,
adAgger; Iatka ^lutuL 2. AatWr of a voiiiir Jeer.
Dtf I !»' [AB. d^s} A liKHw cud : dMigliug ahrad.
DJU'tSZ ( i^^ hf*' X y* *l**m**r to pi Free. ] 1. Weapon
i(jt atnbb^i^R 9. A pnutei-ii u,iirk qf rBferBi}i>*ii [t].
Dil^f la (-i;M>, p. r Jt t T»> tnul iu dirt : to draggle.
Da'CO k^li'iift). «. [Cr. 3jj. 1/itffu^ E J-mic*,) Anick-
tunm tvt uiLe uf ^piuiNbt IV'rttiKuei^. ur It&lLAiji deacent.
D A-tlum'O- typ* { « J*^ jj*r^ tip), ». ilfniiut'ire the in-
vpiitor -j- -ttjfjff i A hjji'l <jf pliotugnpt^ uti silvered
ijouutjr, *-j p* ^, To Uke u ptctuns ol) i^y tiiJK process.
MbW C'iAl'yA^ fi. [rmm Aiidri^w Zi.f A/ it Swedish
buUoifii:,] A lUjworinpr rilaut uf Ali?Jiico» ^U.\
DallF (d*nj), rt. [AB. ilfirgnc : il^g a*y 4^ lie Uke.]
B«Jo{i|rinR CO i^ach BtiEN'aJiHive liAy. ^n. A publication
a jj £*' fi r i 1 1 1 1.' vi' rj rl ity , ^- trc/r . E v rry dji^ ; d >i.y by day.
Dai'ml 0 iiJi'tiit-ft), n^ [Jsp , fr^ CUiti* ttti ming great
OArMF-. j t lMi' L'f s Jjipjuli^fle ftudml nabjif.
DttntT Ldiii'tJ J, H. [OE, Jfc OF. e/i!iiirt*. fr. L. diaai-
ioM, ii. {iUjuti^ ^^9tiUy.] Tint which ladelliiifusor dell-
tmiv , ti ilelii^iacy. --iJT. 1. Ii^Ueujus to tho jMilate. 8.
Kif* ; t^lrjtant; mi'Stt ; t^ml-T. 3, rivf-ntitr i fiistidioos;
sqiiieaiLiipitj. — t>Rlit'tllTi fi'f''^ - Daln'dnawi, *>.
UU*Tf{'iA*vS h » ' [OK. tf^p>ri>, fr. tlfie maiil. ] 1. Place
wli^re Hjilk ia WpU an^ ixiDvei'tnl juto butti'r or chaeae.
2< BuniupM <>f pr[?(!uriuir niEIki Imttert ati'l ■^hf'eae.
Di^ ('!«)« i«. rr>l£. /(? OF. Afii tftbl^, F J«j/« canopy,
L. i/i'jrHJt quoit, dUii, IX.^ Ublf^ fr. Cr. ^^ffcof quoit,
dish, J A platform *ll h Ij t ly r»] («»fl aIm v e il le fleor, for the
tabJa ftud *e*t§ of tlie ^hlftt ^imniik,
Dal^lT ('i^X n^ [OE. r/'i^ftj^^t AS, djF^x-fige day*s
eya^ daisy*} (^t) A low Jit^rb of ths fsmlly Composlts.
Tlie raiumon En^lihh 4uid cIamaIitsI dnirjt hu Ay«llowdisk
anil white or j^nkt*h ray*. {*>) In Ain«Hf4, tha white-
wi^ ; — csJl*i sI»o ur^^r *f*UMy. {yA\r< ; ralley. I
Dnio ( dEI >. n . [AS. 'I^ ^1 A l^^w n1 ^4- hi^t wt^n hills ; |
Dlllf (flil^C), (. L [a iy <i*iitrn \i* tnilH.] 1. To
wulu tiiue j ui tArry ; tu trii!u. 2. To Juterchange ca-
; to wanton. — Dalli-ABoe, n. — Daiai-«r, n.
I (dlm^, n. A female parent ; — used of beasts.
I, M. [Akin to D. dam^ k%. fordeminan to stop up.]
A barrier to prevent flow of water. — r. t. To confine by
constructing a dam.
Dam'ftM (dimt j ; 2), n. [OF., fr. L. dftmnum dam-
age. See Damn.] 1. injury or harm ; hurt ; mischief.
2. pi. Reparation for a wrong done to another. —r. /.
To hurt ; to injure ; to impair. — Dam'ASO-A'UOf <>•
Syn. — See Mincmsr.
DABfAS-OOnt (-oa-sSn), a. [L. Damosoenwf.] Relat-
ing to the city Damascus.— n. A kind of plum, now
called datnton. <— r. t. To damask or damaskeen.
Ihun'Mll (-atk), n. [Fr. Dnmn«cu».'] 1. Damask
silk ; silk woven with a pattern of flowers, etc 2. A fab-
ric (silk, linen, or woolen) whose pattern is produced by
the directions of nncolored thread. 3. Damask or Da-
mascus steel ; markings of such steel. 4. A deep pink or
rose color. — > a. 1. Pertaining to Damascns or its prod-
ucts. 2. Pink, like the damask rose. — v. t. To deco^
rate in the methods attributed to Damascus.
(dim), n.
Amiatreaa
(dirn'oa-kln/), )v. t, [F. 4«mm«|.
(•kin). ) fMT.I To damask.
[F. ; L. domina^ fern, of <
; L. domina^ i
of a family or of a achooL
f domimu*
o aeaaen ; u> cneca paction or vigor; ; u) masa (
liscourage. — Danm'kMas, n- Uunp ! to d
DamiTMl (dimp'^n^, r. /. To damp. — > v. t. To I
Dftfl^tr (dim'pSr), n. That which dampa or <
(dim), V. /. limp. & p. p. Damvid (dlad or
dMxohaXd) ; p.pr.Avb. n. DAiuiuia (dimTng or dim'-
nfng).] [p. damnare, -fuUum^ to condemn, fr. damNaai
damage, penalty.] 1. To condemn ; to declare guiltv ;
to consign to perdition. 2. To condemn aa bad, by de-
nunciation, hissing, etc. —v. i. To curae.
Dam'Bft-bla (ni-bl), a. l. Deaenring damnation.
2. jDdioua ; detestable. — DamlUi-llly, adv,
itlOB (-ni'shSn), n. 1. A being damned;
2. Condemnation to everlasting poniahment in
the future state, or the punishment itsd£
Danfaa-tO-ry (dim'nA-ti-ij^), a. Condemnatory.
DanUMd (dtand ; fn serious discourse^ dim'nid), a.
1. Sentenced to pnniahment in a future state; con-
siffned to perdition. 2. Hateful ; detestable ; abominable.
Damp (dimp), H. [Akin to D. damp vapor, ateam,
fog, O. damp/.] 1. Moisture ; humidity; fog; vapor.
2. Dejection ; depression. 3. A gaseous product, formed
in coal mines, old wells, etc. ^ a. lioderataly wet ;
moist ; himiid. — r. I. 1. To moisten ; to make mod-
erately wet. 2. To put out (Are^ ; to depreas or deject ;
to deaden ; to check (action or vigor) ; to make dull ; to
discourage. — Damp'kMas, 91. t<l*°>P : to deaden. I
Tobecomel
orcbecka;
contrivance to regulate draught of air or check motion.
Dam'Ml (-zil), n. [OF. damoisele gentlewoman, F.
demoiselle young lady ; dim. fr. L. domino. See Daub.]
A young unmarried woman ; girl ; maiden.
DmB'WMl (-z*n), n. [OE. danuuin the Damaacua plum.
See Damascbns.] A small oval plum of blue color.
Daaoa (dins), r. i. [F. danser.] 1. To move to a mu-
sical accompaniment. 2. To caper; to frisk.— r.f. To
cause to dance ; to dandle. — n. 1. Measured stepping of
a dancer. 2. A tune to regulate dancing. — Dan'OMr, a.
DAB'dO-U'Oll (din'dl-li'&n). n. [F. dent de lion lion*s
tooth, fr. L. dms tooth -f ifo Hon.] A plant bearing
large, yellow, compound flowers, and notcMd leavea.
Dail'dto (-d*l), V. t. [Cf. O. tHndelH to trifle, land
1 1. To nioTf» (a child) up and down on one's
I ti t>i I K 'r KTiti n 3 To pet. — Daa'dltr, n.
Dui'drolf ( -drfif >, H. [ I'rob. fr. W. ton crust, akin 4-
Ats ^ . r' dirty, or W , 'fi'*r^ J)ad.] A scurf on the head.
Dan'dy (-rfj). «. [F. thfnd" "
Dnn'dy uhn ". — Dan'dy-i
UashS i dlii \, f'. An iJib^l'itant of Denmark.
Dan'ger (iiSi^'jvT/, n. [F, fr. L. dominium power.]
E?(i»i>Mtix< to inlury. kutit p*lu, or other evil. — DftB'Stf-
ona, 41. — Dan^fM-oiU'lrt <'dv. — Pan^gtr-eoi mi, n.
8yn. — Dakobs : Pbeil : Hazabo ; Riax : Jbopakot. —
Donaer implies contingent evil. Peril is instant or im-
pending danger. Hazard arises from something beyond
our control. Risk is doubtful or uncertain danger, often
incurred voluntarily. Jeopardy is extreme danger.
Dan'flt (diQ'gU), V. i. & t. [Akin to Dan. dangU, IceL
dingln.] To hang or swing loosely. — DaB'|A«r, n.
Danish (dinOsh), a. Belonging to the Danaa, their
Unguage, or country, ^n. Tlie Unguage of Denmark.
Dank (dink), a. [Sw.l Damp ; wet ~ Daaklsll, a.
II DaB'aeoM' (dia'^^z'), n. [F., fr. danse^- to dance.]
A professional female dancer.
Daph'ne (dif'nl), n. [L., laurel tree.] 1. A genus
of shrubs, mostly evergreen. 2. A nymph of Diana,
fabled to have been changed into a laurel tree.
Dap^par (dip'fiSr), a. [D. dapper; aUn to O. tapfer
brave.] Little and active ; spruce ; trim ; lively.
DapW (p^Ot ^' [Cf. loel. detMl a spot^ dot ; of. E.
<ftmp20.] One of the spots on a dappled ammal.
Dap'pit, Dap'l^lad (-p'ld), a. Marked with spota of
different shades of color ; variegated. — v. /. To apot.
K
hndin."] A fop; coxcomb.—
S, 5, 1, a, n, long : &, «, T, 5,0, t, ahort; aanftte, «vant, tdaa, 6bey, Unite, cAra, iina, Aak, »n, fliMri.
DARE
149
DAY-STAR
(dtr), t». i. limp. Dxtbbt (dOrst) or Daxsd
(dftrd);^. p. Dabbd; p. pr. A vb. n. Daruio.] [AS.
te dear I dare, imp. dor tie, inf. durran."] To be doM or
Tentareaome. «-r. <. 1. To renture to do. 2. To cbal-
leu;e.«-fi. DeiBanoe; challenge.
Mrt^-dtrU (-dSv'*]), ti. A reckleee feUow.
Duk (dSrk), a. [AS. deare, deore.J 1. Deetitute of
Ught ; Uack. 2. Ohacuro ; hidden. S. Deetitute of cal-
tare ; ignorant. 4. Vile ; atrocious. 6. Foreboding evil ;
gloomy; nupiciooa.— >n. 1. Darimeas; obacuril^. 2.
l^gnorance ; gloom ; secrecy. — Daildalt n-
Duk'an fdiirk'^n), v. /. & i. To make or become
dark, black, or obacnre.
DaHde (dkr^n), v. t. To grow dark ; to show indis-
tincUy. — Dtrkainf JditrknTng), adv. A a.
Daikly, adv. l. with imperfect light or knowledge ;
dimly. 2. With a dark, gloomy, cruel, or menacing look.
DaikTBMM, n. 1. Abnnce of light ; gloom. 2. Se-
crecy. 3. Ignorance or error. 4. Want of deamess or
perspicuity. 6. A state of trouble.
8rn« — DAWums; Doinbss: OBsctnurr; Oloom. —
Darkness arises from a total, and dimness from a partial*
want of light. A thing is obsatre when so covered as not
to be smOj perceived. As the shade or obscurity increases.
It deepens into gloom. What is dark is hidden from view :
w^ to obscure is difflcnlt to perceive or penetrate.
Daikfaomo (-slim), a. Dark ; gloomy. [Poetic']
Daikfy {'S)% »* A negro. [8lang]
DarOlBS (dXrning}, fi. [OS. & AS. dedrling; dedre
r 4* -^M^O One dearly beloved. «- n. Favorite.
_J(diim),v./. [Celtic.] To mend (a hole) with in-
terlacing Btitcbea. — >n. A place mended by damhng.
Darm, v. t. A colloquial euphemism for Damr.
Dar'Hel (dlb^nSl), n. A graas of which some species
tan polsonooa, while others afford pasture and hay.
Dart (dSrt), n, [OF.] 1. A pointed weapon, to be
thrown Vy ^^ hsaA ; javelin ; arrow. 2. A fish ; the
dace. — V. /. L To burl. 2. To emit ; to shoot. — r. t.
1. To fly swiftly. 2. To shoot rapidly along.
Darftft"- X. One that darta, or throws darts. 2. The
•nakebird, a waterbird which darts out its snakelike neck
at its prey. 3. A small American fresh-water fish.
ItaW (dish), V. L [Cf. Dan. daske to beat.] 1. To
throw Tlolently. 2. To break ; to shatter. 3. To put
to shame ; to abash. 4. To throw in carelessly ; to mix
with something of inferior quality ; to bespatter. 6. To
ezeeate rapidly, or with careless haste. 3. To erase by
A stroke ; to strike out. «- r. t. To move impetuously ; to
strike violently. —a. 1. Collision; crash. 2. A sudden
check ; ruin. 3. A slight admixture, infusion, or adul-
taration« 4. A rapid movement ; quick stroke ; sudden
msh, 6. Energy ; spirit. 3. A mark or line [— ], in
writing or printing, denoting a sudden break, stop, or
transition in a sentence. 7. The mxk-
steal sign of staccato [*], denoting that
the note under it Is to be performed "^
in a short, distinct manner.
Doh'boaitf' (-bOrd'X n, A board
on tiM fore part of a carriage, sleigh,
etc., to hrtercept mod, etc.
DaA'tf, n. X. That which dashes
or uitatea ; as, the dasher of a oham.
8. A dashboard or splashboard.
I (dis'tJrd), ». [IceL dsesir
breathleaa.] An arrant ooward. — a.
Cowardly. — Daa'tud-ly, a.
fi Dsla (da'tA), n^ pi. of DATim .
DftS»(dSt),ii. IW.datU.Qr.lAtmf
Ao«.] Fruit of the date palm, contain-
ing a soft pulp, sweet, esculent, and
wholesome, and inclosing a hard ker-
nel; the date palm itwlf.
Sets pate, Date tree, a tropical tree Date Pslm.
fr^iariwy dates.
Data, n, [F. date^ VU data, f r. L. datus given, p. p.
'-v^
of detre to give.] 1. That addition to a writing, Inscrip-
tion, coin, etc., which specifies wlien it was given or made.
2. A given point of time ; epoch. — > r. /. To note or fix
the time of. —v. i. To begin ; to be dated or reckoned ;
— with Aom. — Dattloaa (datnSs), a,
Da^Tt(drtTv),/7. IL. dativusjfr.dare.1 Noting the
case of a noun expressing the remoter obiect, indicated
hi English by to at for with the objective. ••«}>. Tlie
dative case, in grammar.
II Datum (-tiim), n. ; pi. Data (-tA). [L., fr. dare.]
Something given or admitted ; a fact or principle granted ;
foundation for an argument ; —chiefly in pi.
Danh (d^b), v.U&i. [OF. dauber, f r. L. dealbare to
pUster ; de -{- albare to whiten, fr. albus white.] 1. To
smear with soft, adhedive matter, as pitch, slime, mud,
etc. ; to plaster ; to besmear. 2. To paint coarsely. 3.
To cover with a specious exterior ; to disguise. » n. 1. A
smear. 2. A picture ooarsel/ executed.
Danh'er.n. l. OnethatdauU;anunskiUfulpaintei^.
2. A Dad for inking engraved plates ; a dabber. 3. A
gross flatterer. 4. The mud wasp ; the mud dauber.
Danh'ar-y (-y), Daifbrnr (-rj^). n. A daubing; spa-
cious coloring ; false pretenses.
Dangh'tar (daOSr), n. [AS. dohter ; akin to G. toehUr,
Or. tfvyanip.] 1. A female child. 2. A female descend*
ant ; a woman. 3. A son*s wife ; daughter-in-law.
Davgllttf-lll-laW (-Td-Ia^), n. Thtf wife of one*s8on.
Danglltar-ly, a. Becoming a daughter ; fllial.
Daunt (ditot), r. t. [OF. danier, fr. L. domitare, v.
intens. of domare to tame.] To subdue the courage of.
Syn. — See DniiAT.
Dannflaaa, a. incapable of being daunted ; bold ;
fearless. — Dannriaaa-iy, adv. — Danntaaaa ntaa, n.
Dan'pllln (d|/fTn), n. [F., prop., a dolphin, fr. L.
delphintts. The name was given to the connta of TIenne.
In 1349, Dauphiny was bequeatlied to the king of France,
on condition that the heir of the crown should alwi^s
hold the titie of Dauphin de Viennois.] Old Utle of tUb
eldest son of the king of France, and heir to the crowm
Dan'pldii-aaa {df^TinJUy, Dan'pfeliia (-fSn), n. Titn
of tbo wife of the dauphin.
Dav'ail-port (dlv^n-pSrt), n. [Name of the original
maker.] A small writing table.
DaTdt (d«v^t or dS'vTt), n. [Cf. F. davier forceps,
davit, cooper's instrument.'] One of
the arms projecting from a siiip's side,
for hoisting a boatl anchor, etc.
Daw (da), n. [OE. dawe ; akin
to O. dohle.] A European bird of
the Crow family ; a jackdaw.
DaWdlo (dftM*l), V. i. At. To
waste (time). — Daw'dlMT, n.
Dawn (di|u), V. i. [AS. daffian to
become day, to dawn, fr. dseg day.]
1. To begin to grow light in the room-
ing. 2. To begin to give promise, to
appear, or to expand. — n. 1. Break
of day ; show of apnroaching sunrise. « • D»vlls.
2. Beginning; rise.
Day (da), n. [AS. dseg.] 1. The time ot light, or fai-
terval between sunrise and sunset 2. Period of the earth*9
revolution on its axis. — divided hito 24 hoars. 3. B&ori
allotted for work. 4. A specified period ; age ; time.
DaylbOOk' (dia)d6kO, n. A merchant's book record-
ing the accounts of the day.
DayOnraak' (-brikO, n. The time of the first appear-
ance of light in the morning. [tion ; reverie. [
Dajr'dnani' (-dremO, n. A vain fancy or specnla-
Day'-U'hor (-li'bSr), n. Labor hired by the day.
DayOlgkt' (-lit/), n. The light of day; light of the
sun, as opp. to that of the moon or to artificial light
Dayainan (dax'min), n. An nmpire or arbiter.
Day'apring' (da'spring'), n. Dawn; beginning.
Day'Hrtar (-stiir'), n. The morning star.
tin, reoeiit, (Vrb^ r^de, fyll, Am, food, f<jbt, out, oil, ehalr, go, sing, iyk, then, thhi.
DAYTIME
150
DEBAUCH
Dtf^UlM' (d VtfmO, n. Th« time during which there
i« da^ight, M distinguiahed from the night.
Daw (diiV V. t. ICf. A8. dwB* stupid.] To itupefy
with ezceM of light, a Mow, cold, or fear ; to benumV—
n. A being dated. [ColtooJ
Dtl^t (dii'sn), V. t. [Freq. of date.\ 1. To orer-
power with light. 2. Tobewilder with brilliancy or dia-
I^ of any kind. — n. A light of dasiling brilliancy.
DM'OOn (d80c*n), n. [AS. ; L. diaeonHs^tr. Or. euucorof
■enrant of the church.] A church olBcer appointed to
Mrform subordinate duties. —D6«'oan-«M (-Ife), n. /.—
DM'oan-lMoa, DM'oon-rr, Dea'oan-sUp, n.
Datd (dSd), a. [AS. deAd ; aliin to O. todt. ] 1. De-
prived of life. 8. Inanimate. 3. Resembling death ; with
oat show of life ; motionless : useless. 4. So constructed
as not to transmit sound. 6. tJni»odttctive ; unprofitable.
0. Lscking spirit ; dull ; cheerless. 7. Monotonous or
miTaried. 8. Bure as death ; unerring ; complete. 0.
Bringing death ; deadly. 10. In law, cut off from the
rights of a citisen ; deprived of right to propertv. 11.
Not imparting motion or power ; si, the dead ^indle of
a lathe, etc. «- adv. To a degree resembling death ; com-
Sletelv; wholly. \ColloQ.'\^'n, 1. The most quiet or
eathlike time ; period of profoundest repose or gloom.
8. One who is dead; — used collectively.
Dead bsat, a worthless idler ; one who sponges on his
friends. — Dsad es&ter, or Dsad podat, either of two points
in the orbit of a crank, at which the crank and connect-
hig rod lie in a straight line. — Dsad hsat, a heat or course
between two or more horses, boats, etc., in which they
come out exactly equal, so that neither wins.— Dsad laa-
laags, a language no longer spoken, and known only in
writtnga, aslhe Hebrew, Greek, and Latin. — Dsad latter,
(a) A fetter left uncalled for at the post ofBce to which
it was directed, and sent to the general post olBce to be
opened, (ft) A law, etc., which has lost its force. — Dsad
Ittt, a direct lift, without asdstance from levers, pulleys,
etc ; an extreme emergency. — Dsad march, a piece of sol-
emn music idayed at a funeral procession. — Dsad point,
dead center. — Dsad rsekonlac, the method of determining
a ship*s place from a record Kept of the courses sailed as
given by compass, and the distonce made on each course
as found by log. with allowance for leeway, etc., without
aid of oelestial observations. — Dsad water, the eddy water
closing in under a ship*B stem when sailing. — Dsad walcht.
(a) A heavy or oppressive burden. (6) A ship*s lading, when
it consists <rf heavy goods ; or, the heaviest part of a ship's
cargo, (c) The weight of rolling stock (m a railroad tram.
8yn. — Bee LnrsLass.
l>Md'«l (dSd^'n). V. /. [G/. AB. dfian to put to death.]
1. To make as dead ; to impair in vigor or sensation ; to
blnnt. 8. To retard. 3. To make viqiid or spiritless.
4. To obscure.
DMia'-n^(d8da/),<». A round, wood,
en block, encircled by a rope or bond, and
pierced with three holes to receive the lan>
yard ; — used to extend shrouds, stays, etc.
DMd'taMld^ (-hSd/), ». 1. One who re-
oeives free tickets for theaters, public con.
veyanoes, etc. [CoUoq. U. S.} 8. A buoy.
bmAnighV (-lltO, n. Shutter covering
a ship's ports, to keep out water in a storm.
DMld47(d9dny),a. 1. Gamble of caus-
faig death; mortal; fataL ^. Aiming to
destroy; imi^acable.— adv. 1. In a man-
ner resembling, or as if produced by, death.
8. In a manner to occasion death ; mortally.
3. Extremely. — DMidll-IMM, n.
DMd'BMSffi. The being destitute Of life,
vigor, spirit, etc. ; dullness ; languor. d d Dcsd-
l)tif(d«ford8f),a. lAS.deAf.) 1. Want- ey«»tr Chain
ing the sense of hMring ; unable to perceive "'**••
sounds. 8. Unwilling to hear or listen.— Deafnen. n.
nttdfmk (dSfn or dSf'n), v. t, 1. To make deaf : to
deprive of the power of hearing distinctly. 2. To render
(a partition or floor) impervious to sound.
DMl'-BlllU' (-mutO, n. One deaf and dumb.
Deal (dSl), n, [AS. <«/.] 1. A part or portion ; a
share ; an indefinite quantity or extent. 8. The dealhig
cards to the players; portion distributed. 3. An ar-
rangement to attain a desired result by a combins^on of
interested parties ;— applied to stock nieculations and
political bargains. I8tang'\ 4. p. dee/ plank.] Division
of a timber made by sawing ; a board or plank. 6. Wood
of the pine or fir. » v. L To divide ; to distribute. — r. i.
1. To share out in portions. 8. To do a distributing or
retailing bushiess ; to trade. 3. To act as an intermedi-
ary ; to manage. 4. To behave or act in any aflTidr or
towards any one. 6. To contend (with) ; to treat (with).
Daal'W, n. 1. One who deals ; one who has to do, or
has concern, with others ; a trader, shopkeeper, broker,
or merchant. 8. One who distributes cards to the players.
DMlIng, n. The act of one who deals ; distribution
(of cards to plajrers, etc.) ; method of business ; tnUBc
Dmii (dSn), n. [OF. deien, dien^ F. doyen, elde&t of
a corporation, dean, L. dftanus one set over ten soldiers
or monks, fr. deeem ten.] 1. A presiding officer; an
ecclesiastical dignitary, subordinate to a bishop. 8. Sec-
retary of a college fsculty. 3. Chief of a company on
ocoanons of cerem<niy. — DMn'tf-y, DMUl'lklp, n.
Dear (d8r), a. [AS. de6re; akin to O. Iheuer, tetter.}
1. Bearing a high price ; costly. 8. Marked by scarcity
and exorbitance of price. 3. Highly valued ; precious.
— n. A dear one ; lover ; sweetheart, —adv. I>early ;
at a high price. — Umr'BMU, *>. [curtained sides. I
DaarlMni (-bSm), n. A four-wheeled carriage, with |
Daarty, adv. 1. In a dear manner ; heardly ; ear-
nestly, a. At a high rate or price ; grievously.
DMUth (dSrth), n. Scarcity which renders dear ; want ;
lack of food through failure of crops ; famine.
DMth (dSth), n. [OE. ft AS. dedtf.] 1. Cessation of
life. 8. Total privation or loss ; exthictioD. 3. Manner
or cause of loss of life.
Death wanant. (a) OfflcbJ order to execute a criminal.
(b) That which puts an end to expectation, hope, or joy.
8yn. — Death; Dbceasb; Dnuaa: DsrABTuaB; Rs-
LXASB.— Death applies to the terminatlcm of every form of
existence, both ammal and vegetable. />fe«ff«f is the legal
term for the removal of a human being out of life. Demtte
was formerlv confined to the decease of princes, but is
now used of distinguished men. Departure and release
are terms of Christian affection and hope. Release implies
a deliverance from a life of suffering.
DMthlwd' (dSthOMO. n. The bed fai which one dies ;
the last sickness. [undyii^ ; imi>erishable. I
DMthlOM, a. Not subject to death or destruction ; |
DMthly, a. Deadly ; fatal ; mortal. — adv. Deadly.
Dcath's'-hMd' (dSthsHiMO, n. A naked human skdfl.
DMtll'wattih' (dSth'wOch^ ; 52), n. 1. A small beeUe
that makes a ticking sound, a call of the sexes to each
other, but imagined to presage death. 8. The guard set
over a criminal before his execution.
D»-lM'0to (dt-bTkn or dt-bKOEU), n. PF. d^bAde, fr.
dibctder to unbar, break loose.] A breaUng or bursting
forth ; a violent rush or flood of waters.
De-bar' (d«.biiTOt V. <. [Pref . de- + ftor.] To cut off
from entrance, as if by a barrier ; to shut out ; to refuse.
De-baik' (-UlrkO, v. t. & i. [F. dibarquer ; pref. d^
(L. di^-) -f barque a vesselj To go ashore from a ship
or boat ; to disembark. — Dalkar-Ka'tloa, n.
De-lMae' (-bSsO, V. /. [Pref. de- + 6<im.] To reduce
from a higher to a lower state of worth, dignity, purity,
station, etc. — De-lMl'tr, n. — De-lMUMfBiailt, n.
Ssm. — To abase : degrade.
Da-lMt'a-Ut (-bat'A-bn), a. Liable to be debated ;
subject to controversy ; open to question or dispute.
De-lMte' (-bStO, r.t.&i. [OF. debatre, F. dibattre ;
L. de + batuere to beat.] To dispute ; to ccmtest ; to dis-
cuss ; to argue for and against. ^ n. Contention in words
or arguments ; discussion ; controversy. — Da-lMftf, ••.
Ssm. — See Aboub and Discuss.
De-lM110]l' (-b^liO, r. t. & i. [F. dSbaueher, prob.
ft, S, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, 0, t, short ; senftte, tvent, tdea, 6bey, finite, o4i«, ttim, ask, ftU, flaoL
DEBAUCHER
161
DECEMVIRAL
orig., to entioe away from the workshop ; pref. d4- (L.
dig' or de) + OF. bauehe hut. ] To lead away from purity
or ezoelleooe ; to corrupt ; to pollute ; to seduce. — n. 1.
Intemperance ; drunkemaeas ; lewdness. 2. An act or
occasion of debauchery. — De-btllAllf«r (dt-bftch'Sr), n.
DtH'aa-oIlM' (dSb'ft.abB' or dt'M'sht'). n, [F. <U-
bamekif n., prop. p. p. of dSbaucher.} A libertine.
De-lMIUih'«r-y (dt-bifi\/9T-f)^ n. 1. Corruption of
lldeh'ty ; seduction from virtue, duty, or allegriAnoe. 8.
BzeessiTe indulgence of the appetites, eap. of lust.
De-lMlia' (de-btzhO« n. [F. (fo of + beioe the natural
odor of wool.] A kind of woolen or mixed dress goods.
Dt-bflBOim (d^-bSn't Ar ; 40), n. [L. debeniur they are
doe, fr. debere to owe. So called because these receipts
began with the words Debentur mihi.} 1. A writing
acknowledging a debt; the sum due. 2. A custom-
house certificate entitling an exporter of imported goods
to a drawback of duties paid on their importation.
Dt-Wl-tant (-bTl^-tant}, a. ^L. debUiians, p. pr.]
Diminishing enerrr ; redncing excitement.
Dt-1lll1-tmtO (-tat), r. /. [L debilUare, 4atum, to de-
bilitate. See IhaiUTY.] To hnpair the strength of.
De-MVi-ty, n. [L. debUUoM, tt. debUU weak, prob. fr.
de + habUU able.] The being weak ; feebleness.
Stu . — DisiUTT ; InrnunTT ; iMBXCiLmr. — An tn /f m»-
tf y Del(»igs, for the moat part^ to particular members,
and is often temporary, as of the eyes, etc. DebUHp is
more general, and while it lasts impairs the functions
of nature. Imbecility attaches to the whole frame, and
lenders it more or leas powerleaa.
DeVlt (dSVTt), ». [L. debUum debt, fr. debere to
owe.] A debt ; an entrv on the debtor (Dr.) side of an
account ; — mostly used adjectively ; as, the debU side
of an account.— «./. 1. To charge with debt; — opp. to
erediL 2. To enter on the debtor side of an account.
IMb'a-lltlr' (d8Vft-ntrO« a. [OF. de ban aire^ debtm-
aire, of good descent or linean, debonair ; de of (L. de)
-)- ban good (L. bonm) + aire^ Characterised l^ oour-
teoosnesa, affability, or gentleness ; complaisant.
D«-IWBOh' (dl-b56eh0, v. i. [F. diboueher ; pref. dS-
(L. di*- or de) -f- bouche mouth.] To march out from a
confined spot into open ground ; to issue.
RD6'boa'dnire'(dt'b5&'shvr0.n. [F.] The outward
opening of a river, Talley, or strait.
I D&Mm^ (dta>rtO> n, [F., fr. pref. dS- CL. dis-} +
brUer to break, shatter.] 1. Broken and detached
fragments, coIlectiTely ; esp., fragments piled up at the
base of a rock or mountain. 2. Rubbish ; ruins.
Debt (dSt), n. [OE. & F. detie, LL. debUa, fr. L. de-
bere, -Mum, to owe.] That which is due from one person
to another ; obligation ; liabUity. — DeM'er, n.
mX/DBf fdt'hi?0,a. [F.,!t, &Mliiim,maTk.] A first
attpnict rir-^r ([ift^^iraiicc of eiii actor. ett\
i<D«imtuir ^U'biii'ta?ia n, ^ jnm. D^lm'taiita'
( tl^'^. ( T. ] One tziakinp n nrnt public nppearance.
0«O^ad« Mflc^lfl), ». (F. I L, df^i^i^r. «««<£«, fr. hUa.
ttn^] K BToi?p of mn 5^ period ol ten year^.
Ds^M'dencw ^^iMco'd^ni), I n. [l.'L, dfridentia; L.
Dfi-Ca'daa-cy (-^^'^i-*y)t i rff -J- ^ff^rff ri' to fall. See
Do^AT, ] A faJllii« away ; cIch^v. — D<hC«'dSlltt a.
Dsc'a goa t*i*k'*i(ttn)» »■ [t^rnf, tUm- f Or. yun^ia
anfrip ] A plua flgtue ha^iTii; t«tii lidPN an<1 ten angles.
— Di-Cftg'«-B«l (d»-k*fr'^'*ivl), rt*
DtD'afrrain H-ktShj), w. {¥. def^n gramme ; Or.
D«3^a graisiiie f E/pra + F. gntnimf | A metric
««^l«ht ; ttn [ff^iuia; — -z IMh^ nrnhja nvnirdupois.
DtO^a-tu^df on f ' lie'fl r*n >, n . [ Pru r . fitni- -f- Or. thfta
wit^ bu«, fr, t^r^eai to Mitn} A fiTilNl Agtin^ or body in-
dwd by teti pUiifT Butfm'c** [Writtei> jiI*o, less cor-
rectly, fUj^nftfrim.l — DM/t lu'dnlf fl.
Doo'a^U^tor ) ^fiTc'.Vlp^t^r ^r ^l^kSnt^r). n. [F.
Dafi'»'ll'b« 1 drrnUtr*^ ; ftr. ^/ira i K, /»7r«.] A
n>TaftWPpf>l raparlty in ttic anetrir layetviTi ; a ijubicvolnme
of t^m liter* j — ■ ^ <n0.24 irqbic IijpHos.
De0'a-l0gm(d8k'A-lBg),i». [F. ; Or. acKoAoyoc S^m
+ k6rfK speech.] The Ten Commandmenta.
D«o^a-lll»'t«r 1 (dSk'A-mS'tSr), a. TF. dSeamkre ; Or.
Dec/A-BM'tn ( Mca+F. m^re.] A measure of length
in the metric system ; ten meters ; — = 388.7 inches.
De-camp' (dt-kimp'}, r. L CF. d^eomper; pref. dS-
(L. dis) + camp camp.] X. To break up a camp. 2.
To depart suddenly ; to run away. — DOHMmpfBiOt, a.
Do</a-lial (dSk'A-nal), a. Part, to a dean or deanery.
II DeHMU'dll-A (dt-kXuMrT-i), n, pi, [NL., fr. Or.
Mxa + omip, avfy6sj a man. ] Plants haTing ten stamens
— DeHMU'dll-aB (-on), D»4HUlfdfOlll (-drfis), o.
DcHMIIt' (-kinf), V. /. [F. dSeanier, prop., to pour
off from the edge of a reasel ; preL di-CL. de) -f OF.
cunt (It canto) edge, end.] To pour off (liquor) gently
so as not to disturb the sediment. — De'OtB-tltta, n.
DcHMllftf, a. 1* A vesKl to decant liquors, or
receive decanted liquors. 2. One who decants liquors.
De^pl-tatA (-k«p^-t»), r. L [LL. deeapUare,
-/a/ttta, L. <ie -f caput head.] To cut off tha head of ; to
behead. — De-Wi-tftttaa, a.
DoCa-POd (dSk'A-pQd), a. One of the Deoapoda.
Also used adjectively.
II D^^»4a (dl-klp^-dA), a. pi.
foot] 1. The
order of Crus-
tacea indud-
ing shrimps,
lo Dster B,
crabs, etc. 2. .
A diTision of
cephalopoda one of the Dceapoda (f
including the
cuttiefishes and the squids.— Dc-oap'O-dal, D^^ip'O-
[NL., fr. Or. Mm
DeHMrOMm-att (-kiirOSn-lt), D»4Minbon-lat (-it),
r. /. To deprive of carbon. — De-oarlMm-i-satlMI, n.
DoCa-atara (dSk'ft-stSr or -sttr), n. fF. ; Or. Uka tea
4- F. stire store.] A metric measure of capacity, equal
to ten stores, or ten cubic meters.
Dc^ay' (dt-kiO, v. i. [OF. decaeir ; L. de + eadere to
fall.1 To pass from a sound state to one of imperfection
or dissolution ; to rot ; to perish. — n. Oradual faQure ;
corruption; rottenness; deterioration.
Syn. — Bee DacLnra.
Da-oaaao' (-s8^), n. . [F. dSrh, L. deceesue^ fr. deoe-
dere to depart, die ; de -f- cedere to withdraw.] Depart
ture : death. «- v. i. To die ; to pass away.
Sjn. — See Dbatr.
Da-oalt' (-sStO, n. [OF. ; fr. L. deeeptus deception, fr.^
deeipere. See DEcanra.] Attempt to decelTO ; fraud.
Syn. — Fraud ; imposition ; duplicity ; trickery ; guile ;
cheating ; double-dealing : stratagem. See Dacapnoa.
Do-celf fal (-f^Ot <>• Fraudulent ; cheating ; hisincere.
-De^Mttfol-ly, adv. — Da^Mirful-MM, a.
Do-oelye' (-rtVO* •• <• [OF. deeeveir, F. dicewir^ fr.
L. deeipere to insnare, deceive ; de + capere to eatch.]
To lona Into ^rror ; t" frnrinsc npfin ; tn h^^triflr' ; tn r^^tt -,
to ii^n|ni.r4[it. - De-'tPly'vblft. fs.
Kru. iHrKiVK; DfiLrin; MtsLS^D. - /iirrf'iti^ stspll^s
to AH y luiftrviprt'iicnt^^r Ini 1 Hff**rtine f*!* ti or iif h. f n rf^wrf^
is \y iiLiilcft ji(M>rt E>r« tiy il^'frplvliiif. fti miMf^itl in to t«id
or Jin'rt i» 11 wroitf? Hny, ckli^r will fully ot innonrntly.
De-C«lF'Br, 1*. A rhpat : njL impostor,
Rjii. - I>& Rnnh : Ixi-ust^i* —A itfevirrr apf^rule* by
sti'iiltli ml iiMinvDttt^uiwjii twlitidujkli 1: All p>|iM:M^rtr prt<?-
tiC('!4 lii^ irt* rtn til*- E-ointnuiiUy at lAfgt^,
D&ceiQlMf {-^Mi^\^T\ JK fL., fr f^^erm ten : tbVs
bettjc thtf tfHth riMiftrli jitnnn^ t^- -n,riv ii-.i...i..« i Tti**
twelfth and last month of the year.
De-oam'vtr (-vSr), n. ; pi. E. Dbcbmtibs (-TSn), L. Da-
caMYiRi (-vT-ri). [L., fr. decern -f- vir man.] X. One of
a body of ten Roman magistrates. 2. A member of any
body of ten men in authority. — Da-fMllllri-ial, a.
fim, laoent, 6rb, nida, f^l, lim, food, IdToty out, oil, chair, so, sins, ink, then, U^n.
DECEMVIRATE
152
of the Roman deceniTira.
L Office or t«nn
8. A body of ten rulers.
De'0«i^(dS'8en-8V),n. llj.decentitL,h. decent. See
Pbcbmt.] 1. TIm being decent in words or behavior;
proper ceremony ; modesty. 2. That which is proper.
De-om'lUI-iy (-sSn'ni-rJr), n. {L. dfcennium ; decern
ten -f- anntu year.] A period of ten years.
D«-OMI'llS-«l (-nlwil)« a. Consisting of ten years ; hap-
pening every ten years. ^ n. Tenth year or anniversary.
De'OWIt [dVaent), a. [L. decent^ deeentU, p. pr. of
decert to be fitting.] 1. Snitable ; fit ; proper. %. Mod-
erate, bat competent ; fairly good. — De'oeBt-lT, adv.
D«-<Mp'tlfln (-sSp^shfin), ». [F. ; L. deeepiio, fr. de-
cipere^ -ceDtum. See Dbckivb.] 1. A deceiving or mis-
leading. 2, A being deceived. 3. False representation.
8yn. — DncBmoir ; Dbceft ; Fraud ; IiuosmoH. — De-
eeption usually refers to the act, and deceit to the habit
of mind ; hence we speak of a person as skilled in decep-
tion and addicted to deceit. The practice of deceit HpringB
from design ; but a decejttion may be undesigned or acci-
dentaL An impoHlimi is an act of deception practiced
upon some one to his annoyance or iuiury ; a fraud im-
plies use of stratagem, with a view to unlawful advantage.
D^Km'ttTt (-tTv), a. Tending to deceive or mislead.
D«-«lM^ (-Md'^, V. t. & i. [L. dedidere; de -f eaedere
to cut off.] To determine ; to settle ; to conclude.
De-dd'M (-siMSd}, a. 1. Free from ambiguity : un>
equivocal ; clear ; evident. 2. Free from doubt or waver-
ing : fully settled ; positive. — De-eld'ad-ly, adv.
Syn. — DaciDSD : Daci^nm. — We call a thing decitive
when it has the power of deoiding ; derided when it is so
fully settled as to leave no room for doubt.
Il«^4'll-01IS (-sTd'd-lla : 40), a. [L. deciduus, ft. de-
efdere to fall off ; de -{- cadere to fall.] Falling off at a
certain season, or a certain stage of growth, as leaves
orparts of animals, such as hair, teeth, antlers, etc.
Deel-ffimm ) (d8»/T-gr«m), n. [F. decigramme;
Ded-nranulM f pref. d^ci- tenth (fr. L. decimtu) -\-
gramme^ A weight in the metric system ; 1-lOth of a
gram == 1.5432 grains avoirdupois.
D^ol-ll^ttr \ (dgsnr-lJ'tJr or dt-eHT-tJr), n. [F. <f^.
I>eoi-ll'tre f autre ; pref. diH- -f litre. See LrrutO
A metric measure of capacity ; 1-lOth of a liter = 6.1022
<mbio inches, or 3.38 fluid ounces.
^D#-oJl'iioill (dt-sTl'yfin), n. [L. decern ten + ending
of mt//t'on.] By English notation, the tenth power of a
million, or a nmt with GO ciphers annexed ; according to
Frf^nrli nnil AmfT*— ir. tint-r^inTi , the eleventh power of a
thHuiKoixl, or a mil rs annexed.
0«-oilllOllt]l C ynntliu ' F'ertaining to a decillion
nr a 4ih: i 1 1 iou t h . — ii . f n j Qm nt i+nt of unity divided by a
dfH-niiciii, (£r) OtiH rtf II (|fN(.ulllfi^ equal parts.
D^l-mu M^'iH' Ht^^iK '^ [F, fr. L. r/tfcimii* tenth,
fr. r/«'*'*F*.] PertAhiivii; to Hlrriinals; numbered or pro-
{MNxilhjir hy tons ; kiivina en^'li imit ten times the unit
HBit imuJkr.^^K A tiinnll>^r rxpresned in the scale of
t^Hfl ; « ilr^rlmnl fnirtirm. — Pecl-DUl-ly, adv.
I>4ctBt«J l!rs£tterqH a fiwUrm w )ii>ie denominator is some
ponfT t>f 10^ iM ^,:|. ^fci> ntul \v, II -^ nail v not exnremed, but
iBnlinHfted by a iv»iiirt r'lnri^'l a\ the left hand of the nu-
inemtitf, a« X 'l^- 'b^^^ma2^ ^oLjit, a dot at the left of a
fli*ritual fr)H-tl4>iw Tht^ fi^iri'>^ \\. the left of the point
Tflitrip*i?Bt luiiuoT witolp niiiiil»H TH, as 1.05.
DwKl'llliilQ (-niit). tn f, fL. decimare^ -matvm, to
dei4mat«, fr. tti^rimf/x.] X. T- mke the tenth part of :
tti tithn, 9- Tn ^Atut l>v h>i <\nd punish with death
every tenth man of. 3. To d^atroy a considerable part
of ; to devastate. — DeG'l-IIUltlon, n. — ■ Dso't-BIA'tor, n .
Dao^-BM'ter ) (dfis^-mS'tSr or dl^Tm'ft-tSr), n. [F.
DeCl-BMtra t dicimhre : d^ci- -f- v^^'^M A metric
measure of length ; 1-lOth of a meter = 3.937 inches.
D^^ildlMr (d«-si'f8r), v. t. [Pref. de- -f- ct>A«r.l 1.
To tranuate from secret characters or ciphers into intel-
ligible terms. 2. To find out the meaning of ; to make
out (words badly written or partly obliterated) ; to un-
fold. — D^-Ol'phMr-A-Ut, o. — I>«-ot'plior-«r, n.
DECLINE
(dMTzhOin), n, [L. deeitio^ tt. deaden^
■cisum. See Dbcioc] 1. A deciding; a eettUng or
terminatmg (a controversy) by giving Judgment on the
matter at issoe ; determination (of a auestKm or doubt) ;
conclusion. 2. A report of a condunoa, eqi. of a leaial
determination of a question or caoae. 3. Qoality of be-
ing decided ; promf^ and fixed determination.
DaratimfATiov; Rnoujmur. —
one implying the
and the other
Syn. — DECISION . <^svsi
Rach of these words has two ^
act of deciding, determining, or resol
a )utbit of mind as to so doiitf. In the last JMnae, derision
is a cutting short. It impflea that several courses of
action have been presented to the mind, and that the
•M.,.iyu UMvv w^«i H*«^*l«>WI VU l»ue lUUlU, MiU UUU 9,00
choice is finally made. Determination is the consequence
! of decision. It is the settling of a thing with a fixed pur.
pose to adhere. Retoiution Is the necessary result m a
I mind characterized by firmness. It is a spirit which teat-
ter» (resolves) all doubt, and is ready to face danger or
suffering in carrying out one's determinations.
De-d'llTt (-d'sTv), a. "L Able to decide a question ;
endbig contest ; final 2. Marked by promptness and de-
cision. — D«^'gtT»-ly, adv. — De-€l'ltT»-IMM, n.
Syn. — Decided ; positive ; conclusive. See Dicxdux
Dec^-Bttrt (d«8n[-rt&r or -eUr), n. [F. ; pref. dM-
tenth -f tihre a stere.] The 1-lOth of the stere or cubic
meter = 3.531 cubic feet.
Deck (dSk), v. I. [D. dekken to cover.] L To cover.
2. To dress ^to adorn. 3. To furnish (a vessel) with a
deck, '^n, {I), dek."] 1. The floorlike coverinc or divi-
sion of a ship. 2. A pack or set of playing carda.
D*-Glaiflr (dt-klamO, V. i. [L. dedamare; de -f
o{«nf»«rretocTyout.] To speak rhetorically, pomp
noisily; to harangue; to rant. — T" ^ '—*
D«0lft4llAtl0B (dSka&.mi'shfiu), n.
De-oUun'a-tO-IT (dt-kUm/A-ti-rtF), a. 1. Pertaining
to declamation. 2. Pretentiously rhetorical ; bombastic.
Dcda-im'tton (dSkOArri'shfin), n. [F. ; fr. L. deHa-
ro/t'o.] 1. A declaring or publicly announcing; avowal.
2. Instrument containing such announcement or avowaL
3. That part of a legal process in which the plaintiff sets
forth his cause of complaint.
D«Hdar^-tlT« (d«.kiSr'A.tTv), D«-olai^a-to-ry (-tft.
rj^), a. Making declaration, explanation, or exhibition.
D«Hd«r«' (-klftr'), V. t. [F. dSdarer, fr. L. deetarare ;
de + clartu clear, bright.] 1. To make known by lan-
guage ; to publish ; to announce. 2. To make declara-
tion of ; to set forth ; to avow. 3. To make full rtate-
ment of (goods, etc.Wor the puipose of paying taxea,
duties, etc. — r. i. To make a declaration or explicit
avowal ; to proclaim one's self.
De-^Uur'td-ly (-Sd-lj^), ff<fr. Avowedly ; explicitly.
DeKden'llOII (-klSn'Ehfin), n. 1. A decUning ; decli-
nation; descent; slope. 2. A falling off towards a
worse state ; deterioration. 3. A courteously refusing ;
refusal. 4. (a) Inflection of nouns, adjectives, etc., ac-
cording to the grammatical cases, (b) Form of inflec-
tion of a word declined bv cases, (c) Beheandng a w<wd
as declined. — De-elen'oon-al. a.
De-oUn'A-bla (-klin'A-bM), a. Capable of being de-
clined ; admitting of declension or inflection.
DeCU-aatlOll (dek'IT-nl'shtln), n. [L. declinoHo.}
1. A bending downward ; inclmation. 2. A falling off or
declhiing from excellence ; deterioration ; decline. 3. A
deviating or turning aside ; oblique motion ; withdrawal.
I 4. A declining or refusing ; averseness. 6. The angular
distance of any object from the celestial equator. 3. Th<*
inflecting a word ; declension. [or refusing. I
D»«llll'A-tim (dt-klin^A-tttr; 40), n. A declining |
D»«llna' (-klinOt v. i. [F. dSeliner to decline, re-
fuse, fr. L. dedinare to turn aside, inflect (»|MUt of
speech), avoid ; de -\- eiinnre to incline ; akin to BL lean."]
1. To bend downward ; to hang down. 2. To draw to-
wards a close or extinction ; to fail ; to lessen. 3. To
deviate ; to withdraw. 4. To shun ; to refuse ; — opp. to
accept or consent. ^ r. t. 1. To bend downward. 2. To
a, &, 1, », O, long ; it, «, T, 5, a, f, short ; sanflte, «vent, tdea, dbey, ftnlte, cAre, lirm, Ask, f^ flaal.
DECLIVITOUS
153
r; or tnni Mide ; to ref um to oompljr with ; to aroid.
To inflect (« noun or adjective). — ». 1. ▲ falling
off ; dhninution or decay ; period when a thing nears ex-
tinctian. Foriod of a diaorder when the Bymptoms abate
inviolance. 8. ▲ wasting away of the physical facoltiea ;
any wasting diaeaae, esp. pulmonary conMimption.
Syn. •— I>iCLi]n; decay; CoHsuxraov. — Decline
marka the flzat stage in a downward progress ; decau in-
dicates the second sta^e, and denotes a tendency to ulti-
mate destruction; eowmmption marks a steady decay
from an internal exhaustion of strength.
Dendtvl-toas (dt-klTvl-tlLa), ) a. Descending grad-
D^^dl^VOU (-kfi^vfis), i ually ; moderately
■teev; slewing; downhill.
De-«ltTl-ty (rklUn-ij), n. [L. dedivUaa, tt. dedivU
sloping ; de -f dim* a slope.] X Deviation from a hor-
isontalline ; inclination downward ; slope ; — opp. to ac-
eiirUy^ or ascent 2. Descending surface ; sloping place.
D^HMCt' (-k9kt^), r. /. [L. deeoquerf^ -eoctnm^ to boil
down ; <le -f- eoauen to boiL See Cook.] 1. To prepare
by boilfaig. %. To digest ; to ooncoct.
n^^^omaa (-kSk'shttn), n. 1. A boiling anything to
extract its virtues. %. An extract got by boiling.
D^-OOllatO (-kSinit), «. /. [L. decolUtre, -latum; de
-f collum neck.] To behead . — Dd'OOl-la'tlOll, n.
g IM'OOllt-tt' (df k9iae-tt')< a. [F., p. p. of dSrolle-
Ur to bare the neck and shoulders ; dt- + eolUt collar,
fr. L. eoUumA Leaving the neck and shoulders bare.
Dd^Ql'or (d^kfiKSr). D«-oia'or-lie (-iz), r. /. [Cf.
F. dicolorer^ L. dMolorare. Cf . Discolor.] To deprive
of color ; to bleach. — Dt-OCd'or-AtiOll, n.
De'OOm-pQM^ (dS^kSm-pSzO* ^' '• [^* decomposer.
Cf. DnooMFosB.] To separate the constituent parts of ;
to resolve into original elements ; to bring to dissolution.
— r. t. To decay ; to rot. — Dfoom-PM'A-Ut, a.
Dt'OOOi-MMlto (-p&tt), a. [PreT. de- (Intens.) -\-
eomposiie.] Compounded with thinn already com-
posite; decompound. •»•!, Anything decompounded.
DftHMB'jPO-flftlOll (-kSm'p^-sIsh'ttn), n. [Pref. de-
-f eompotSUm.} 1. A resolving the constituents of a
compounwl into elementary parts ; analysis ; disint^ra-
tion. 2. The being reduced into original elements.
Id' (de'k&n-pound'), ». /. [Pref. d,
, To compound or mix with that which
D«'OOB-pO«Bd' (d&kSm-poundO, v. /. [Pref. de- -f-
Dmpomnd.j 1. To compound or mix with that whici
is already compound. 8. To reduce to constituent parts
todeoQmpose.«a. 1. Ccnnpound of what la already com-
mxinded; compounded a second time.
S. Several times compounded or divided,
aaalaaf or stem; decomposite.— ». A
decomposite. — Dt'oooi-poillldfa-bla, a.
D«o^o-rate (dSk'ft-rilt), v. t, [L. de-
eorartt -atum, f r. deettt ornament ; akin
to decert to be becoming. See Dk«mt.]
To deck ; to adorn ; to embellish ; to
ornament. — Deo'O-ni'tar (-ri'tSr), ».
Sjm. — SeeAooRV.
D«©'Q
^.yo-ntlni (-ri'shOn), n. 1. An
adomingt^embellishing, or honoring ; or-
namentation. 2. An embellishment ; an
onuunent. 3. A mark of honor worn
upon the person, bestowed for services in war, achieve-
ments hi bterature, art, etc.
t Day, a day, Msy SO, appointed for
decorating with flowers the graves of the
Union soldiers and sailors, who fell in the
(W War fai the United States. [ d. 3.]
DMKa-Xft-ttva (dSk'*-r4-tTv or -rt-), a.
Suited to decorate or embellish : adorning. .
D#^)0'roui(dl-k5'rftswd«k'ft-r«s),a. PL. ^JT*
d^cVnWyfr. rfecor beauty; akin to (fer«r0. See ^^(S^
Dkvst.] SniUble to the time, place, and ^ ^'
occasion. — De-oCroUB-lT, odr. — W^CKItNUhBMM, n.
De-Mdl^at* (dt-kdr^tT-kit), r. /. [L. decorticare,
-caium^ to bark ; de -f cortex bark.] To divest of the ex-
terior coating ; to peel ; to huU. — De-oortl-oatioil, n.
DEDUCE
(dt-kyrttm), n. [L. dee9ruw^ fr. dmiirui.
See Dnooaous. ] Propriety of manner or conduct ; grace.
Syn. — Dboordm ; DioNmr. — Decorum is that which
is becomiHif in outward act or appearance. Dignity
springs from an inward elevation of soul producing a
corre^ipondiug effect on the manners.
Do-,jOy' (-koiOT «*• <• [Pref. de- + coy ; orig., to soothe,
caress, entice. See Coy.] To lead into danger by artifice.
Syn. — To entice ; tempt ; allure ; lure. See Allvrb.
— n. 1. Anything intended to lead into a snare. 2. A
lure used by sportsmen to entice birds into a net or within
shot. 3. A person employed to indnoe a auqwcted per^
son to commit such an offense as will lead to his detection.
D^^nreUM' (-krSeO, r.i.&t, [OF. decreistrt! L. de
4- crescere to grow.] To grow or make less, — opp. to
increase; to diminish gradually, in sise, duration, etc.,
QT in strength or excellence. •»». 1. A becoming less;
decay. 2. Wane of the moon.
Syn. —To Dbcrrasb; DumnsK. — Things usually de-
crease or fall off by degrees, and from withm, or through
some imperceptible cause. They diminish or are dimin-
ished by an influence from without, or one apparent.
D^^rtt' (-krS'), n. [F. dicret, fr. L. deeretumy fr.
de 4- eemere to decide.] 1. An order decidins what is to
be done by a subordinate. 2. A decision, order, or sen-
tence, given by a court or umpire.
Syn. — Law ; regulation ; edict ; ordinance. See Law.
-• V. f . A; i. To determine Judicially ; to ordain.
Dao^le-flMlIt (dSk'ri-rotmt), n. [L. (fecrfmenftim, f^.
deerescere. See Dbcrkabr.] Diminution ; waste ; loss.
De-creolt (dl-kr8pTt), a, [L. deerepUus.'^ Broken
down with age ; wasted and enfeebled ; worn out.
D«-orapl-Ulto (-T-tit), V. t. & i. To roast or calciu«
so as to crackle. — D^-orep^-UtiOll, n.
De-Ciml-tllde (-T-tSd), n. Infirm old age.
De-oro'tal (-krS^l), a. [L. decretalis, fr. decretum.
See Dborrs.] Pertaining to, or containing, a decree.—
n. In the Roman Catholic church , an authoritative order ;
letter of the pope, determining a point in ecdeslastical
law ; a collection of ecclesiasticisl decrees.
D9<antkw (-tTv), a. Having the force of a decree.
DeCr^-to-ry (d»k'rt-t«-ry),D60^to«4a (-tyrl-al),
a. Established by a decree ; definitive ; criticaL
D»<iry' (d*-kri'), v. /. [OF. deserter; pref. det- (L.
dis-) -|- crier to cry.] To cry down ; to censure as faulty,
mean, or worthless. — De-crfal, n. — De-Ofl'w, n.
Syn. — To Drcrt ; Dbtrbciats ; Dbtract ; Disparaob.
— Decry and depreciate refer to the estimation of a thing,
the former seeking to lower its value by clamorous cen-
sure, the latter by representing it as of littie worth. De-
tract and disparctge also refer to merit or value, which the
former assails with caviling, insinuation, etc. while the
latter willfully underrates and seeks to degrade it.
Do-omBlMIlt (-k&m'bfnt), a. [L. ^ecumbenSf -entis^
p. pr. of deeumt>ere; de -j- cumbere (only ic oomp.),
cubiire to lie down.] 1. Lying down ; prostrate ; re-
cumbent. 2. Reclining on the ground ; ~ said of plants.
— D«-oiimlMiiM, Ito-onmniMii-OT* »• [>ick bed. i
D«-01im1li-tim (-bT-ttlr ; 40), n. Confinement to a |
Do-oa11-Oll (-ku'rT-9n), n. [L. deeurio, fr. decwria
squad of ten, fr. decern ten.] A head or chief over ten ;
a Roman officer commanding ten soldiers.
D«-C1U'sate (-kiis'sSt), r. /. [L. deeussare^ -eatum, to
cross like an X.] To cross at an acute angle ; tocut or di-
vide in the form of X ; to intersect. — Dfous^aftllMI, n.
Dadl-Oftte (dSdT-ktt), p. a. [L. dedieare, -catum, to
dedicate; de + dieare to declare.] Dedicated; conse-
crated, —r. t. 1. To set apart for sacred oaes ; to de-
vote solemnly. 2. To devote (one*s self) to a duty or
service. 3. To inscribe, as to ajiatron. — MPlHMI'lor. ft.
-Dtdl-M-to-ry (-ki-t^-rj^), IMl^-to'lUl, a.
Syn. —See Addict.
Dad'l-oa'tloil (-ki'shttn), fi. L A consecrating to a
sacred use. 2. A setting aside for any particular pur-
pose. 3. An address prefixed to a book.
D%4ni09f (dt-dus'), v. /. [L. deducere ; de -f dueeirt
fSm, recent, 6rb, ryde, fyll, ftm, food^ ftfbt, out, oil, chair, sO| sini|, i||k| then, thlUf
DEDUCIBLE
154
DEFILE
tol«Ml,drftw.] ToderiTe; to nther (» truth or opinion)
from premiMs ; to infer. — D»4a'ol-1llt (d$-dn'aT-b*l), a.
D^-dU'tkW (dt-du'sTy), o. Inferential.
Do-dUOf (-dtlkf), r. /. [L. deducere^ -duetum.'] To
take away or remove ; to Bubtract.
D^^notlOll (-dOk'ahttn), n. 1. A deducing or infer-
ring. 8. A deducting or subtraction. 3. An mference ;
oonduaion. 4. A part taken away ; abatement.
87i>* — See Inductidv.
D^^VOtlTt (-tlv), a. Pertaining to deduction ; de-
ducible. — D«^liotlT»>ly, ndv.
DMd (dSd), n. [AS. ^d ; akin to OS. dM, O. that ;
it. root of e/o.] 1. That wbieh is done ; an act ; action.
2- An exploit. 3. Fact; reality ; — whence we have
indeed. 4. A sealed instrument, duly executed and de-
livered, containing some transfer, bargain, or contract. •»
V. t. To convey or transfer by deed. {Colloq. U. 5.]
In deed, in fact ; in truth ; verily. See Ihdbbd.
D6«m (dSm), r. t. & i. [OE. deinen to judge, con-
demn, A8. dfman^ f r. dOm doom.] To account ; to think.
Deep (dSp), o. [AS. drSp; fr. root of E. dip, dive.']
1. Extending far below the surface; of great dimen-
sion, measured downward. 8. Extending far back from
tlie front or outer part. 3. Low in situation ; lying far
below the seneral surface. 4. Hard to penetrate or
comprehend ; profound, — opp. to shallow or superficial ;
obscure. 6. Of penetrating intellect; sagacious. 3.
Thorough ; intense ; heavy ; heartfelt. 7. Strongly col-
ored ; not light or tliin. 8. Of low tone ; full-toned ;
not high or sharp; grave; heavy. 0. Muddy; boggy;
■andy ; — said of roads. — >a(fr. To a great depth ; far
down ; profoundly. ^ n. That which is deep, ecp. the
sea or ocean ; an abyss. — D— p^gM, n.
Deep'Ol (dSp"n), r. /. &, i. To make or become deep
or deeper ; to sink lower ; to darken.
Deeply* ftdr. \. At or to a great depth. %. Pro-
foundly ; thoroughly ; intensely. 3. Very ; with a tend-
ency to darkness of color. 4. Gravely ; with low or deep
tone. 6. With profound skill ; artfullv.
Deer (dSr), n. ting. & pi.
— • '/akin
[OE. iety deoTj animal,
wild animal, AS. de6r_
to Q.thier.l A ruminant for-
est quadruped, hunted for its
flesh, or venison.
De-tMe'Cdt-fis^r./. [L.
dia- 4- fades face.] To mar
the uoe or appearance of;
to disfigarei — De-fa'oer
(-fi'sSr), n.
Syn. — See Etpacb.
De4Me'iiieiit (-fis'mrat),
». 1. A defacing or being
defaced ; injury to the exte-
rior; obliteration. 2. That
which mars or disfigures.
De-fal'eftte(-fnacst),r./.
[LL. defaleare, •catum, to de-
duct, orig., to out off with a
sickle; Z. de + falz, fateu,
sickle.] To out off ; to de-
duct a part of. ^v. i. To embezsle money held in tnist.
De'fal-oattaB (ds^fs-ki'shttn or dern-), n. i. a
diminution ; abatement ; reduction of a claim by deduct-
ing a counterclaim ; set-off. 2. That which is abated.
3. An abstraction of money, etc. ; embesxlement.
DeTa-Bie'tloll (dSf/A-mrshlin), n. A defaming;
slander ; calunuiy ; libeL
De-teme' (dt-nmOt v. t. [L. diffamare; dis- (here
confused with de) -f fnma report.] To speak evil of
malicioudy ; to bring into disrepute. — De-nm'er, n. —
De-fMB'A-te-nr (-fim'A-t«.it), a.
Syn. — See Asrsasc
De-favir (-f Alto, n. [OE. A OF. defaute, fr. L. de -f
fallere to deceive.] 1. A failing or failure ; neglect to
Head of Deer.
2. Fault; offeoM.— r. i.
ngduty. 3. To fail to
appear in court ; to let a case go by default. — r. I. To
do what duty or law requires.
' To offend. 2. To fail hi f ulflUing duty.
fail to perform or pay. — De-tevlf«r (d*-f ^It^r), n.
De-tee'MOloe (-fS^sona), ». [OF. d^emnee, it. de/e-
«m/, p. pr. of de/aire to unda] A rendering null or v<M.
De-fee'll-ble (-sT-b*!), o. Capable of being annulled.
D»4ear (-fSt^t v. i. [F. d^aU, p. p. of difaire to
undo ; L. dis- -j-faeert to do.] 1. To frustrate ; to de-
prive. 2. To overcome ; to overthrow. 3. To repeL
Syn. — To baffle ; disappoint ; frustrate.
— n. 1. Frustration. 2. An overthrow, as of an army
in battle ; repulse ; disc<nnfiture ; — opp. to victory,
Defe^Wte (dSft-ktt), a, [L. d^aecarey-catum, to
defecate ; de -f /aex, faecis, dregs, lees.] Freed from
anything impure ; purified. —v,i.Sti. To clear from im-
purities ; to clarify ; to refine. — Def'e-OAtloa, n.
De-feof (dt-f«kt'), n. fL, de/lrere, -fedum, to fail ;
de -f- facere to make, doj 1. Want of something neces-
sary for completeness. 2. Failing ; imperfection.
Syn. — See Fault.
De-feomoil(-fSk'0httn),N. [l^d^ecHo. See Dkfkt.]
An abandoning ; desertion ; failure ; backsliding.
De-feotlTe (-tTv), a. 1. Having defecU; imperfect;
faulty. 2. Lacking some forms of declension or conju-
gation. — De-leefm-ly, adv. — De-feotlye-neM, ».
De-fenoe' (-fSnsO, n. Defense.
De-fend' (-fSndOt v. /. [L. dejendne; de -^/endere
(only in comp.) to strike.] L To repel danger from ; to
secure ; to mahitain agai^ force or argument ; to up-
hold. 2. To oppose or resUt (a claim at law) ; to contest
(a suit). - De-fend'ent. <t. -De-fend'er, n.
Syn. — To Dimn) ; Pbotict. — To defend is literally
to ward off ; to protect is to cover over so as to secure
against anproaclung danger.
De-fend'ent (-ant), n. 1. A defender. 2. One required
to make answer in a legal action ; — opp. to plaintiff,
De-fenee' ) (-fens'), n. [F. di/ense, fr. L. defensa, tt,
De-fenoe' S defendere.'] 1. A defending ; protection.
2. That which defends or secures. 3. Protecting plea ;
vindication ; justification. 4. In law, a defendant's an-
swer or plea. 6. Skill in making defense ; nraotice in self-
defense, as in fencing, boxing, etc — De-lMSeleM, a.
De-fen'll-Ue (fSn'sT-bM), a. That may be d^raded.
De-fen'etre (-sTv), a. 1. Serving to defend or protect.
2. Carried on by resisting attack ; ~ opp. to offemsive.
3. In a state of defense. — n. That whJoh defends ; a
safeguard. — De-fen'fehre-lT, adv,
De-fer' (-f&O, v. t. [F. dfffher, f r. L. d«%rr» to delar,
bear different ways ; die- -f /erre to bear.] To pift off ;
to postpone ; to withhold. — r. i. To wait.
De-fer', r. /. [F. df/Srtr to yield, to briiw before a
judge, fr. L. deferre to bring down; de-t-/9rre.] To
lay before ; to submit in a respectful manner ; tq refer.
— r. «. To yield deference to the wishes of another.
Def'er-enoe (defSr-ms), n. A yielding of judgment
from respect to another. — Def er-en'tlel (-Cn'sbal), a.
Syn. — DBTBaKNCs : Rkviksmcb ; Resrecr. — Deference
marks an inclination to yield one's opinion, and to acqui-
esce in the sentiments of another in preference to one's
own. Respect marks our estimation for another, which
makes us look to him as worthy of high confidence. Rev-
erence denotes fear mingled with respect and esteem.
De-fl'anoe (dt-fl'ans). n. 1. A defving, putting in
opposition, or provoking to combat; challenge. 2. A
disposition to resist ; contempt of opposition.
De-fl'ent (-^nt), a. Full of defiance ; bold ; Insolent.
De-fl'dent (-nsh'mt), a. [L. defieiens, -enNs. f r. defi-
cere. See DBrarr.] Wanting; not sufficient ; inadequate;
lacking. — De-fl'oMiiMT, adv. — De-fl'olen-ey, n.
D«n-elt (dSf^-sTt), n. [Lit., U is wantina, fr. L.
deficere.'] Deficiracy in amount or quality : lack.
De-fl'er (d^fi^r), n. One who dares and defiea.
DeHle' (-fno, v. i. [P. dSfiler; pref. <M- (L* die-) +
file row, line.] To march off in a line, file by file.
ft, «, 1,5, a,kmg ; ft, «, 1, 5,0, f, short; senftte, «vent, tdea, dbey, finite, oftM, lirm, ftsk, |^ flnsrL
DEFILE
155
DEKAMETKR
D9m^ (dl-ni' or de'm), n. [Cf. P. dijlle, fr. dS/ller.}
A narrow paasage in which troop* can march only in a
Ue, or with a narrow front ; pas* between hilla, etc.
Do-flto^ (d«.fnO« V. t, [OE. de/oulen to foul.] 1. To
pollute. 2. To sully ; to corrupt. 3. To make ceremo-
nially unclean. — De-fll'er, ti. — De-fIle'ill0llt« n.
De-fllM' (-finOt ^- '• [P* dSftnir, L. deftnire to limit,
define ; de -{-finia boundary, end.] 1. To fix the bounds
of; to end. 8. To mark the limits of. 3. To determine
with precision ; to exhibit clearly. 4. To fix the meaning
of ; to exiOain. — De-fin'a-llle, a.
Dan>lltt«(d8fa-nTt),a. fL. cfe/lnirs, -tfum.] 1. Hav.
ing distinct UmiU; fixed, a. Precise ; exact. 3.Limithig;
determfaaing. — Daft-nlte-ly, adv. — D«fl-iilt»-lMM, n.
DsAalt* artlels, the article /m, designating a particular
person or thing, or a particular class of persons or things.
Dcrt-airttoll (-nTsh^iin), n. 1. A defining; determi-
nation of limits, a. An asoertaininff and explaining the
signification ; description of a thing by its properties. 3.
Distinctneas, as of an optical image ; precision in detail.
8yn. — DBrnrrnoH ; ExFLAHATioif ; DmcEimoir. — A
deftnitkm is designed to settle a thing in its compass and
extent: an explanation removes some obscurity or mia-
undersianding, and is more extended and minute ; a de-
Bcriplian enters into striking particulars.
D»-fllt^ttVt (dS-fTuq-tTv), a. [L. definUimu,^ 1.
DHerminate; positive: final; unconditional; express.
8. limiting; determining. — n. A word used to define
or lit lit the extent of the signification of a common noun.
— Do-f|Bl-tt¥»-ly , adv. — D6-flll'^tl▼•-ll•M« n.
D«lla-gral« (dSfOA-grit), v. t*. & t. [L. deflagrare,
-gratum ; de-\- flagrare to flame. ] To bum with a sudden
and sparkling combustion.— De-flU'cm-ble (d^fii'grA-
b*lord8fni-gri-bn), a. — DeMa-gn?tl0ll, n.
D^-fleof (dt.fl«kt'), v.t.Ai. [L. deJUctere ; de -^flec-
tere to bend. ] To turn aside ; to bend ; to deviate ; to
swerve. — D»-flOO'tlO&, D»-flfZloil, De-fl«X'liro, n.
Do-noni/ (-fiour'), V. t. [P. dSflorer ; L. de +flos^ flo-
ri$, flower.] 1. To deprive of flowers. 2. To ravisli ;
to wdiiw. — DttlMTltlni fdlflA^iifibBii "r^ J^flA), n.
Do-QOir'ti ('Flou'JrK ' ^ To deflcntr.
De-OulOB ^-Atik^riiiaiV), rf. [L. de_^ti,rio, U. dr ^flu-
err Ut fl<iw ] A Uivchnrft! of liutiii>T« or Hnitl m^ttrT.
0i-fO U-a'tlOD (-f& lI-E^AbanK n- {LL. fte/ttiintr, -a-
tH/i, Ul»h^*ii l«4ve«;; L, t/e + /Q^rmH 1*^h} 3ti|innition
of ripeiii?<i I^riT«« from a stem -, the «][iMr]iriii( i>f tJicr Leiives.
(L, */e^r itiS') -rforci^, F. /(/TCfr. Sfn Foarit, v.] To
Uttjytmm tlie rig^Jitful own<>r, — De-loroo^mt, u,
Dft-iorai'll-f&rm'l, V. ^. {h.tff.ftj'rmtfre; tlr ■- foriAore
to totm* hha|>ei, fr ftinmi. B^ Forh J To npM the form
of; tadiHflifiiTv. — tl«-f onn'er. n.
Dft^Offil'l-tF^ fi' 1' Ttui btilik^ di^JoriiieiJ ; iif^liiiess.
a. Anyttiiiiv; iUaI deatroj^ji bBsiity, grae«, or tiro^irwty ;
irt^fMlat-jty ; Ab«imtity.
B»-C»Bl' ^fiH**'K y- i- (L- drfn Hffare ; dfe -i- /raus,
fr*xH4Ut framd^] Ti> iWjmve ul ocmie ri^ht, Intfireist, or
property /by nitfcpoit ; to rhitat, — De-fiaad'^OT, »i-
De-tmyj-fri')* *% i. [F. iffforwr : fjr.'f ^tt-iL. rteor
di*-) h- fnfiA, LL. frrJnmj vx.fi'n^.i T^^ p^y or dls-
charp:-. — I>B-frmj'w, «. - ]>e-trar'al> De-fraF'meat, n.
Il«tt ulSriK II. [AS. fijiF/f.] Apt \ tit ; tleVL-r ; fiuidy ;
DttTW cf ■ 1 ' Tnitkt'l, f^ r L. thffnup. -/••••.. ' • ■ . . lie ;
dt * inform. StM Fii?i(moN |i ]1 ■ i 4bed
Um 4;v»*^ w^. aXe i dead ; deceased. -^ n. A JeaU |itorson.
D«-fy' (-no, V. t. [P. rf4/f<fr, OP. deffier, de*fier, LL.
disfidarcj to disown f gith or fidelity, to challenge, defy ;
fr. Lb (/if- + A'^ faith.] To provoke to combat or
strife ; to set at defiance ; to treat with contempt.
D«-g«a'0r-at0 (-jSn'Sr-tt), a. [L. degenerare^ -aftim,
to degenerate, fr. degener base, that departs from its
kind; de -{- gentu race, kind.] Having become worse
than one's kind, or one*B former state ; base ; low. — v. i.
To be or grow worse ; to grow meaner, more vicious, or
of a lower type.— De-g«l'«r-«t»-l7 (dl-j8u^r-tt-iy),
adr. — D»-g«ll^«r-«t»-B«M, De-g«ll'«r-A-ep (-A-e]^), n.
D^-SMl'Mr-Attoll, n. 1. A growing worse ; decline ;
debasement. 2. That condition of a bodily tissue or
organ in which its vitality has become diminished.
Degln-titJAB (dSg/ltt-tTslilin or dS^glfi-), n. nL.de
-{-glutire to swallow. See Glut.] A swallowing food.
Deg'ra-dAtiai (dSg^rA^a^shfin), n. [LL. degradation
It. degradare. See DaoRADB,] L A reducing, or being
reduced, in rank, character, or reputation ; baseness ; dis-
grace. 3. Diminution of strength or value ; deteriora-
tion. 4. A wearing down of roclcs and banks, by action
of water, frost, etc. S. Arrest of physical development.
De-gnde' (dl-grSda v. t. [LL. degradare, tr,L.de
-f gradiu step, degree. J 1. To reduce to a lower rank or
degree ; to deprive of dignity. 2. To reduce in charac-
ter or reputation ; to bring shame or contempt upon ; to
disgrace. 3. To reduce (hiUs and mountains) in height ;
to wear down. — >v. i. To degenerate.
Sjn. — To abase : lower ; reduce.
Do-grad'td (-gni'dSd), a. Debased ; sunken ; low.
D0-gnid1llC-^r« odv. In a degrading manner.
De-ir««'(-gr5'),ii. [P. depr^, fr. LL. <te^r«Mfare.] L
One ofa series of progressive steps upward or downward,
in quality, rank, acquirement, etc. ; grade ; gradation.
2. Rank or station in life ; position. 3. Measure of ad-
vancement; quality; extent. 4. Academical rank indi-
cated by a diploma from a college or university. 6. In
gene«dogy, a certain distance or remove in the line oi
descent. 3. Three figures taken together in numeration.
7. In lOgebra, the sUte aflndicated by sum of exponents ;
thus,a>^isatermof thesixth(f«j7r«e. 8. In trigonom-
etry, a 360th part of the circumference of a circle. The
degree is divided into 60 minutes and the minute into 60
seconds. 9. A division marked on a mathematical or other
instrument 10. A line or space of the musical stafl".
De-hlMM' (dt-hts'), r. i. [L. dehiscere; de -j- hitcere
to gape.] To gape ; to open by dehiscence.
De-lllB'0«ll€e (-sms), 11. 1. A gaping. 2. A bursting
open along a definite line of attachment
or suture, without tearing, as in the
opening of pods, or bursting of ripe
capsules to emit seeds, etc. .
De-lli8'0«ltt (-«ent), a. [L. deM*-
centy -entiSf p. pr.l Characterized by I
dehiscence ; opening in some definite \
'TSel-ckto (dS^-sId), n. [Jj.deicula
a deicide (in sense 2) ; detis god + ex-
dere to cut, kiU.] 1. The kiUing a be-
De'l-tl-ea^tlfln(d6'T-fT-kS'sh&n),n. A deifying ;apot]|.
eosis ; excessive praise. [godlike form. I
D^t-form, a. [L. deus + -fortn.'] Oodlike, or of a |
Del-fy (-fi), V. t. [LL. deiflcare; deu* -f /aeere to
make.] 1. To make a god of ; to apotheosize. 2. To
treat as an object of supreme regard. — Del-fi'tr, n.
D«ign (din), r. t. & i. [OP. deigner, fr. L. dignari,
fr. digntu worthy.] To condescend to (^ve or bestow.
De^ (dB^st), fi. [L. detu.} One who believes in
the existence of a God, but denies revealed religion.
- Deism, n. -D^iirtto, D»-UKtio^ a.
Syn. — See Intidkl.
Del-ty (-T-ty), n. [L. rfeite*, fr. rf«*r god.] L Attri-
butes of a god : divinity ; godhead. 2. A heathen god.
De-jMf (dJ-jSkf), V. t. [L. dejicere, -jectum, to
throw down ; de -f- jncere to throw.] To cast down the
spirits of ; to dishearten. — Do-Ject'ed, a. — D^-Jeof-
ad-ly, mff. — D»-toot'ad-iMM, Do-Jeo'tion, n.
Dek'A-Knm (dek'A-grSm), n. Decagram.
Dek'A-Q't«r (dSk'&.lS'tSr or dl-kUT-), n. DeoaUter.
Dek'a-mrtar (dSk'l-mS'tSr or dt-kimt-), n. Deci-
meter.
tSru, recent, drb, ryde, f^^ Am, itfbd, ftfbt, oat, oil, eliair, (o, sine ink, ttien, tUn.
bEKASTERt
156
DELTOID
IMk'AHrttrf(<Uk'«Hri«r'or-attr').n. DecMtere.
De-lallM' (dt-BnOf »• [Bee Muslin delaine^ under
MviLiH.1 A fabric for women^t dreaae*.
D^-lay' (-liOt n. [F. dHaU fr. L. dilatvm, OMd as
p. p. nent. of differrt to carry apart, delay.] A defer-
ring ; stop ; hindrance. —r. /. 1. To put off ; to procras-
tinate. % TO retard. — v. i. To tatry. — De-laT'tf, n.
D«/le (dS'lt), imperative ting, of L. delete to aestroy.
Frt.^r- • Tf»"i"Te. : - a rllTPction to cancel something
wli[t;li iifui bet i> a isut in typo ; iiAii&ily rv pressed by a
form gf «/, tliiiA : ^ — ^ i\ ^. To erai^ \ to a«lete.
D«i'9-lile ('1?1'*-IVI or ^m%V\], it. [L- deiebUiSj fr.
4e/frf,} CD.[>ab}p of bf'iiiK blottixl oiil or r-ruied.
De-liClft-llile (tI^WJ^'U b'l>, «. [U 'h'eetabau, fr.
rfr/cc^J^^ ti> Llt^lijjlit.] HijiiUy pltsuiiiK ; 'lelightful. —
Oe-l©o'ta bJe new, n. — IM-Ioo^ blf . '^i/r.
D« lee taction (ilS^lifk-tft'iiiaxii, «. Iitiliiiht.
t}»l'e Sat« i,iiBl't-gtt)i n. [L drir^ffy^, -geUum, to
dekffskt^t f'^ i- ^fiW^f to tiepute.] ihkc «*'Qt to act for
another ; chosrii J pputy , — ^ff . S*? lit to repr t-^nt another ;
deputed* — t, if, 1 To i*inl ;ii*oiw)V n"|>rcN«ntatiye; to
uuthqHiti; to caiiiiniaKliDn. 2. Ti' iiiLnu^t to the care or
management of another ; to commit.
IMPe-gatlon, n. L An inverting with authority to
act for another ; appointment of delegates. 2. One or
more persona commissioned to represent others, as in a
oonTention, in Congress, etc ; a ieputation.
D«-l«t«' (d«-lSf ), V. /. [L delete, -letum.} To dele.
Dtl'e-tflrt-«U (dei'l-tS'rT-lis or de'lt-), a. [Or.
AaAnniptof, ir, 6i|A«iotfai to hurt.] Hurtful ; noxious.
Mi (dSlf), ) n. (a) Pottery made at Del/l
IMft (dOft), { in Holfamd. (6) Earthenware
Delft'wara' (-wtr'). I made to imitate such pottery.
D»-lll»'«r-«t0 (dt-lTb^r-tt), a. [L. deliberate, -otum,
to deUherate ; de + librare to weigh .] 1. Weighing facto
and argumenta carefully ; slow in determining. %. Care-
fully considered ; not sudden or rash. 3. Not hasty ; slow.
— r. /. A i. To weigh in the mind ; to hesitate in decid-
ing. — D^-lIb'tf-Att-ly, ndv. — D»-lllK«r-Ato-B«Mt n.
De-Ub^tf-Atloa, n. 1. A deliberating; mature re-
flection. 2. Careful examination.
D«-lIIK«r-A-ttv« (-^tTv), a. Pertaining to delibera-
tioQ ; deliberiting. — De-Ub'tf-a-tlTV-lyt adv,
D«in-oa-e/ (d8ia-kM^), n. l. The being delicate ;
agreeaUeness to the senses. 8. Nicety of form or oon-
•titttticn ; tenderness ; frailty or weakness. 3. Nice pro-
priety; fastidiousness ; effeminacy. 4. Nice perception;
natlaions accuracy. 6. Sensitiveness. 9. That which
ia alluring or refined ; a luxury ; a dainty.
Sjn. — Bee Daiktt.
Dtl1-oat0 (-ktt), a . [L. delicattu pleasing the-senses.]
1. Pleasing a nice or cultivated taste; elegant. 2.
Blight and shapely; graceful. 3. Fine, or slender;
minute ; not coarse. 4. Light, or softly tinted. 6- Re-
fined; considerate. 3. Tender: feeble. 7. Requiring
careful handling ; not to be rudely dealt with ; nice ;
critical. 8. Nicely discriminating ; exquisite. 9. Af-
fected by alight causes ; showing slight changea. -~D«1'-
l-oatt-lT. (ufr. — Dell-oate-noM, n.
D^-U'UOIUI (dt-lTsh'fis), a. [F. dStieieux, L. delieianu,
fr. deliciae delight.] Affording exquisite plessure ; de-
Ughtfnl. — De-lfelOIIB-ly, ndv. — De-li'otoos-BMM, n.
Syn. — DsLicious : D«LioiiTrnL. — Delieimu refers to
pleasure derived from certain of the senses, esp. taste and
smell. Delijrhi/ul may also refer to most of the senses
(as, delighiful music ; delightful sensations), but has a
higher application to matters of taste, sentiment, etc.
De-Usht' (dt-ntO, n. [OF. delit, deleit, fr. deleUier
to delist, fr. L. deleetare to entice away, to delight.]
1. A very pleasurable feeling ; extreme satisfaction ; joy.
8. That which gives grest pleasure. — r. /. To give de-
light to ; to please highly. — r. i. To be greatly pleased.
Do-Ughf^dt a. Greatly pleased.
8yn. — Olad ; pleased : gratified. Bee Olad.
pleasing ; affording
De-Xiffhtlnl (dt-lif f^l), a. Very ,
great satisfaction. — De-ll|riltflll-ly, fv^r.
Syn. - Delicious ; charming. See Dbucious.
De-Un'e-att (-lln'Mt), r. /. [L. delineate, -aivm, to
delineate ; de + '«*»m line.] 1. To repreeent by sketch
or diagram ; to portn^. 2. To set forth ; to describe. —
De-Un't-a-BMnt, n. — Do-lln'e-a'tar, n.
De-lin^t-a'tlon, n. 1. A representing, portraying, or
describing. 2. A sketch ; description in words.
Sjn. — Sketch ; portrait : outline. Bee Berch.
De-llll'qilOII-«y (-ITsncwen-eV). n. [L. delinqttentia,
fr. delinquen*.'] Failure or omistton of duty ; fault.
De-Un'qilieiU (-kwent), a. [L. delinouen*, -eniit, p.
E. of delmqtiere to fail ia one*s duty, do wrong ; de -f-
tquere to leave.] Failing in dutv. — > n. One who
n^lecto to perform hia duty ; a culprit.
M'i-qiMMt^ (da/T-kwe^), V. i, [L. deligue$cere;
de -f- limtetcere to become fluid, liguete to be fluid. Bee
Liquid.] To dissolve and become liquid by absorbing
moisture, as certain salts, acids, and alkalies. — Dil^i-
qmiB'O^IIOi, n. — D^l^l-QIIMl'Otlltf a.
De-Uq'nl-Att (dt-lTk'wt-lt), r. f . [L. deliquin a flow-
hsg off, gutter, deliquium a flowing down, fr. deliquate.l
To deliquesce. — De-U^Vl-attoll, n.
De-Url-um (-ITra-fim), n. [L., fr. ddirtire to rave.1
1. A state in which the thoughta and actions are wild
and incoherent. 2. Strong excitement ; wild ^thnsi-
asm. — De-Ur^-ons, a. — De-Uin-onB-iMM, n.
Dsliriwn trssMas (trCmtex) [L., trembling delirinml,
delirium induced by excessive use of intoxicants.
Syn. — Insanity ; frenxy : madness : derangement ; ab-
erration ; mania; lunacy ; fury. Bee iHSAvrrr.
D»-llT'«r (ITv^r), V. /. [F. dtiivrer, LL. ddiberare,
fr. L. de + liberare to liberate.] X. To set free from
restraint ; to liberate ; to save. 2. To give or tranafer ;
to part with (to) ; to surrender ; to roajgn. 3. To com-
municate ; to speak ; to impart. 4. To give forth in
action or exercise ; to dischargo (a Mow, etc.). S. To
relieve of a child in childbirth.— D«-liyer-«r, n.
Syn. — To DBLiria ; Onrs pobtr ; Discrarob ; Lran-
ATB ; PaoNOUKCB : Uxm. — Deliver denotea, literally, to
$el free. Hence it is applied to cases where a thing is made
to pass from s confined state to one of freedom or open-
ness. Hence it is, in certain connections, synonymous
with any of the above-mentioned words : One who WW* trr»
a package j^tw it forth ; one who delirers a cargo rft*-
ehargeji it ; one who delirera a captive liberates htan : one
who delivers a messsge utters or pronounces it; when
soldiers deliver their fire, they set it free or give it forth.
D«-ll¥'W-Alloe, M. 1. A deUvering or freeing from
restraint, peril, etc. 2. A speaking ; atterance. lAr-
ehaicl 3. A being freed from restraint.
De-llVtr-y {-f), n. L A delivering from restraint ;
rescue; release. 2. A surrender; dietribntioii. 3.
Utterance ; manner of speaking. 4. Pwtnrition.
Dell (dSl), n. [AS. del.} A small vaUey ; ravine.
Del'pklo (dSKftk), D^'plll-Aii (-n-«n), a. 1. Pert, to
Delphi, in Greece, or ito oracle. 2. Mysterious.
IM'pldB 1 (-nn), a. [See Dauphhi.] Pertahiing to
Del'pllJiM f the Dauphin of France ; aa, the Delvhin
classics, an edition prepared for the use of the dauphin.
IMI'ttlllll, n. [L. delphinus dolphin.} A fatty sub-
stence in the oil of the dolphin and porpoise.
Del'tthino (-fTn), D«l-p]llll1o, a. Pertaining to, or
derived from, the dolphin ; phocenlo.
Delta (-tA), n. [Or. ^cAm, fourth letter
of the Greek alphabet.] A tract of land
shaped like the letter delta (A), eap. when
inclosed between mouths of a river.
Deltoid (-toid), a. [Or. 6t\n*tii^ delta- ,
shaped ; a^Ara 4- «t8oc form.] Like the i
Greek A (delto) ; triangular.
Deltoid Isaf. a triangular leaf with the
stem inserted at the middle of the base. — Deltoid Leaf.
Dsltoid muscle, a triangular muscle in the
shoulder serving to move the arm directly upward.
A
ft, 8, 1, 5, a, kmg ;&,«,!, 5, A, f, short ; senate, «vent, tdea, ftbey , finite, cAre, ftrm, ask, ^ll, finoL
DELUDE
157
DEMONSTRATIVELY
Dt-lvdt' (d«-lflda V. /. FL. Mudert, 4usum ; de +
imdere to play, mock.] 1. To lead from truth or into
trror ; to impoae on. S. To dinppoint •De-lnd^tf, n.
Sjn. ~ To cheat ;b«Knile; dope. Boe Dac^nn.
Dtl'Og* (da'^)f ». [F. ; L. dtiuviuni, fr. diiuere to
wash away ; di' = di»- 4- /tter« to waah.1 L A washing
away ; an OTorflowiug ox the land by water ; apecif., Tke
Deluge^ thagraat flood in Noah*s time. 2. ▲ great calani>
ity. — V. /. I. To inundate. 2. To overwhelm ; to destroy.
D^^Q'Moa (dt-lU'shOn), n. L Deception. 2. Error.
8yn« — DiLvsioH ; Illoiom. — Dtltuion is deception
from want of knowledge ; iUution it deception from mor-
bid imaginatiou. An illusion ia a cheat <m the fancy or
aeaaea. A d^uHen ia a falae Judgment.
IMt» (dnT\ v.tAi. [AS. delfan,i 1. To <Ug; to
open (the ground) aa with a spade. 2. To penetrate ; to
fathom. -•A. A plaoe dug ; pit ; ditch ; cave. — DolT'tf, n.
D«MhfOg«» (d«m'iHg«g), n. [Or. jiyuiywy^ ; Hjiun
people + ayctv to lead.] A leader of the rabble ; a
facnona mob orator. — Diai'A-fOf-lllll(-gBg-Tz*m), n,
De-mallf (dl-minn, ti. Demesne.
De-OMBft' (-mind'), v. i. [F. demander^ LL. demon-
dan to demand, fr. L. de -f- mamlare to commission,
eommand.1 L To aak ; to claim. 2. To inquire au-
thoritatitely or earnestly; to question. 3. To need. 4.
To summon. — v. 1 To inquire. •» n. 1. A demanding ;
requisition. 2. Bameat inquiry; question. 3. A dili-
gent search ; manifested want ; request. 4. That which
one demands; claim.— D»-milld'a-1lto|a<— D^-BUUld'-
•Bt, D«-aaiid'«r, n.
D^Mar-oa'don. Da'mw-katlni (dS^mir-ki'sh&n),
n. [F. ; pref. di- (L. de) -f- marqiier to mark.] A
marldng, ot setting a limit ; separation ; distinction.
D#-aMUI' (dl-min'), v. /. [OF. demener to conduct ;
pref. <fa- (L. tfe) + mener to lead, drive, carry on, fr. L.
mimare to drive animals, fr. minari to threaten.] 1. To
manage ; to treat. 2. To conduct ; to behave ; to com-
port rone's v^M). 3- T:) df'bn.^; to Irr-nn^r; to degrade
(dne'* mM\. \T\vi% aetbif^ ia (lu<» to a Jalae €it>'iaology
wlilrh ?cpnji«ctt?d the wor<l with tlifi sdjectlire mf rji.]
D»-SiUl'or ( ar), fi. [ M' li tten al «> t/*- nkmn (f** r. ] Be-
half i or ; 'J'i|jn>rtiji*fnc ; nrrlsgD ; besrlDg; mien
(r. (^y^ni^ii, -mrN^^j, Out of ona*i inliid, miu] ; 4v, -f- fnent
miDd.] lJ<&prir«Hi (}i r«uGiL — Dtt^tMihlatlOini, w.
Da-iaODred i ■iu/Edi'M}, i. InMJi^ ; lEiiid.
1 Di-audi'tt-a (^tuKi/ihl'^)^ fi [L,] towuilty \ idiocy.
||#-ll|arlt (-mSr^C), n. [F. df^rnititt^ Fr. L. (ftf -f-
fH«!nifner to dseerv*.] Tliat whirh deMTves blAine; a
fault; mlHQiHluct i — oppv to m«nf. ^r. L To di
(-rtiBrrt'), d. [U d^merf^r^ -m'irtum.
'A Situstod or groMrln^ uadEr water.
0<^4an^n0ll (-m^Kjihltii), n, 1. A tiloiii^inj:: into a
flui-l ; A ilrDwruiiig. 2* A biHntf averwhclaip^d fu ^vater.
Dt-niMIt»' (iuSdOt »- [Oa ^ OF. d^mrinr. F. rfo-
(Ha^A>' dLituairit fr. I* dominium proparty, owminliip, fr.
dommn* mut^rp ovnBrJ A mftiior Iioiimn, jmri iti land.
Dvmt-f o4 ('Kin^-tfSd), n. An izir«rEor ■If'lcv ; a fab-
ulmu h^To, the olTspruig of i. d*lty and s martaL.
I>«tllt ]«lui (-JBji), fi. [F, dixiiw-jmnnt^ I i.. Lady
Jitiw, r-(jrriif». of Ar. dam^jSna,] A Lii^e ^lu-i bottie
inciow.''J in wjrltf^Twork.
Ham 1 monie^ (-TnOifd^. n. {F. ; ffrmi -^ motnit^ srorld,
I! Dvm'Uri U«^a {rl^ljU'tft), Demtre-Uet' (-rt-
iSf'K Dem I r« Uft^vo i-rt-i?'v« -,, '». [P^i^f. //..n 4. It.
rUievn.} {*r) H*li roll*?! ; Bt'NlfiTurf' its r^^H+'i i%-li.-»8e flg-
aiw projeci f roiu th4i tia/ilt^nniui IivhifMsiH th>iirfiUl
ttWWprqJiwt from 1
mt*^, to jmt tiwnj, Uy dnwii j pnpf. d**- (L. dt^ ur .fi*-) -f
ffldHire to put J {)lM¥, fr* I* mitirrf to simmI] 1 Trana>
(b) A work Df ^"^ulptiiTT m! Uih'* lI--ii icter.
(dl'iatt'), n. [Fk .^f .H-f^^^fV^, in. (t. ,/r ...1.,, rf^.
P^
mission bv formal oonrayanoe to as hair or anootnor t
transmission of the orown or royal authority to a ■neoaa
sor. 2. Deoeaae of a royal or illustrious person. 2. Oop-
veyance of an estate, either in fee for life or for years. •«
V. /. 1. To tranamit by succession or inberiUnoe ; to
bequeath. 2. To convey (an estate) by lease ; to Isaaa.
Byn«— Bee Death.
Dtm^-ftml-OlUI'Tir (dIm'T-sSmT-kwrvIr), n. A
note equal to half a semiquaver, or
l-32d of a whole note.
Dt-m^uUm (dt-mTsb'On), n.
[L. demUHo. Bee Dbiot.] A do-
mitting; a lowering; depression.
De-Bdf (d»-mTtO, V. t. [L. demiUere ; de down + mit-
/«retosend.] To lower; to depress; to yield or resign.
Daml-ttar (dSmT-tToV), n. The part of a picture
neither in full darkness nor full light ; the shade itself.
D«m1-T«ir (•vSlt'), n. A half vault ; an artlflcial mo-
tion, in which a horse raises his fore legs peculiarly.
De-moo^HIT (d^mOk'rA-sj^), n. TOr. dfiytMcparia;
imietf the people -f- sparfiv to rule.] 1. Qovemmeut in
which supreme power is directly exercised by the people.
2. Oovemmentoy popular representation; republic. 3-
Policy of the Democratic party, so called. iU. S."}
D«lll'0-onU (di{m^-kriU), n. 1. An advocate of de-
mocracy. 2. A member of the Democratic party. [U.S.]
— DOB'IKVmtlO, -l0-«l, a. — D«m'<Hmt'UHU-lT, adr.
De-mollsll (dt-mUTsh), V. t. [L. demoliH, 4Uu* ; de
4- fM^iri to work, construct, f r. moles mass, structure.]
To pull down ; to ruin. — Dtm'O-ll'tiOll, ».
Sjn. — To DmouBB ; OvsaTuav ; Dmtbot ; Dumav-
TW ; Rasb. — That is overturned or overthrown which has
stood upright ; that is drittroued whose component parts
are scatterod ; that is demolished which had formed a
mass or structure ; that is dismantled which is stripped of
covering, as a vessel of sails, a fortress ot bastions, etc. ;
that ia razed which is leveled to the ground.
Da^ttMHl (dS'mSn), n. TF. ; L. daemon spirit, evil
spirit, fr. Or. 6a£itMm a divinity.] 1. A being Inter-
mediate between men and deities in pagan myUiology.
2. One*a genius; a tutelary spirit or intornal voice.
[Often written dsemon.! 3. An evil spirit ; deviL
De-num'e-tlM (dt-miin^-tls), v. f . To deprive of oar-
rent value. — De-BUn'e-tt-iaWBt n.
De-nuKBl-AO (dt-mS'nT-iOc), ) o. L FMtainlng
DtB'O-nl'JMal (d6m'8.nFi-kal), { to, or like, a de-
De-aonlO (dt-mSn^k), I mon or evil spirit ;
devilish. 2. Influenced or produced by an evil mint. -<
DOB'e-lll'a-Mi-ly (dSm/ft-nFA-kal-iy), adv.
De-mo'Ili-ftO, n. a human being poissssed by a demon.
DetBOB-Ini (dS'mSn-Ts'ra), n. Belief in demona.
D0'num<«l'a-tr7(-«l'A-trf),ii. [Or. August 4-AaTpffia
worahip.] The worship of demons.
D&mm-^fO-tf i-Sl^'ff)* n. [ZVmoii+4o9y.] A
treatise on demons ; science of demons and their works.
De-mOB'Stra-bto (-m5n'str&-b1), a. Capable of being
demonstrated, or proved sorely. — D^^BiOBlltni-bl*-
iMM, -bill-tr, n. — De-moB'stra-bly. a<ff.
Dem'ai-Stnite (dSmOSn-strit or dS-mSn'strIt). v. t.
[L. demonstrare^ -stratum ; de -(- mensttare to show.]
L To point out ; to make evident. 2. To show by rea>
soning ; to prove by deduction. 3. To exhibit and ex-
plain an anatomical preparation. — D«m'M-3lim't«r|,
DMii'oii-stni'ttf , n.
Dtrn'OB-ftntlOll (dSm'0n-stri'shfin), ». 1. A dem-
onstrating ; exhibition ; proof ; indubitable evidence, to
the senses or reason. 2. An expression of feeling by
outward signs ; manifestation ; show. 3. A decisive ex-
hibition of force, or a movement indicating an attaclc
De-mOB'Stni-thre (dt-mSn'stri^Tv), a. 1. Making
evident ; exhibiting conclusively. 2. Bxpressing much ;
displaying feeling, ^n. A demonstrative pronoun, or
OUA distinctly desttrnsting that to which it refers.
-^ 'itra-tlve ly, adv. Convhicingly ; forcibly.
f0m, recent, 6rb, r^fde, f ^U, llm, fo'od, fo^ot, out, oil, eliair, (o, sins, igk, then, Uda.
DEMONSTRATORY
158
DENUNCIATION
De-mon'ltn-to-ry (dt-m5n'str4-t«-if ), a. Demon-
•trative ; exhibiting clearly or concluaively.
De-mor'al-lM C-mWal-U), v. t. [V. dSmoralUer;
pref. <U- (L. dis- or de) + fnoraliser. See Morausb.]
To corrupt in moral*, discipline, courage, spirit, etc. ;
to weaken in efflciencv. — De-mOT'al-i-IA'tlOll, n.
Dt-motlO (-rndtTk), a. [Or. jiunorucbf , f r. fiii^AM peo-
ple.] Pertaining to tlie people ; nopular ; common.
De-nml'OMlt (-mttl'sent), a. [h, demulcent^ p. pr. of
demulcrre; de -f- mulcere to stroke, soothe.] Sotten-
iug ; mollifying ; assuasive. ^n. A substance for sooth-
ins an indamed nervous membrane.
DO-mnr' (•mfir'), r. i, [OF. demurer, f r. L. demorari ;
de -f- n*ora delay.] 1. To suspend proceedings or judg-
ment from doubt or difBculty. 2. To scruple or object.
— R. Hesitation; stop; scruple.
D*-mim' (-mur'), a. [Perh. fr. OF. de murt (i. e., de
bonne* murt of good manners) ideoi-\- murjt, L. more*,
manners, morals.] 1. Of sober mien ; staid ; grave. 2.
Affectedly modest or serious ; making a show of gravity.
— De-iBimay, adv. — De-mnrt'iiett, n.
D*-miir'Jnig« (-mQr'rtj), n. [OF. demorage delay.
See Dbmitr.] {a) Detention of a vessel, freight, etc., be-
yond the time allowed for loading, unloadinff, etc. (6)
Allowance made to the master of the ship so detained.
Do-smr'nir, tF^ 1. Que w^o demurs, 2. Stoppng^fof
a li?jial iiCTiini hy a [mini h.n the H.^:iarl to i]et«^rrninn.
De-my iil*-toi'), ju ; jfL UvMim ^hhj'Jh A imin-r of
particular jtLit4. ^-r. Of tlic isitv ot such pfcjwr.
Ded ilSuV^ n. [KB* drunA 1. i^maAl cftvejni j blast's
i1wellj]bj{. 2. A vT^i^tied cTwf'lliLtiff i^laco, d. A luiug
retTi^it. ^Cfif^mi.} — I', i Tn hi^P iiit df iM in, « dfta.
D«-iU|'tt<Mdl tl IM (dt iiflnb'aii-'TUii), r.. t. Tq dlvest
of n*iSuimhl>. - D© m UOH bII- WUOIl, «.
-furm.] Fumid IJkr* a tn?e "r nhriiH,
' Deil'dllt« i'*UU), n. [Or, 5«*pinfc of a Ithj, fr.
iitsi brfkiicliju^ ngtim* n^apinblinit
treiM, pTtKlut^til by a farplBrn inhi-
eml ; an srbariAAtiim, — DvH-dlit'l'G
(.dritlkl, DflH^drtt^lc^al, o.
D«n^dfaid i -d roid ), tfi* [G r. E#y-
Den^iaWal. \ Jpof*d^<
tnitt^lik'' ; i-i'dpoi' 4' iftSiK lorni.]
FonneKt UMi* .\ trw ; trewlikf;.
D«a-4rol'«^Cr (-dral'S->y), n.
IGt. inr^fltyv ^ ■f'^rjy} Ati«ati»e#n
trim 4 : ikJiiiirLkl Itii^itPfy M tr#K!»,
tevt^r, npi I'pldrriiii' rlipiiiiii^tii: dls- D«n4rtt?.
eaiu? on I [id 1,1, rti*« West luJEeo, &U%
D«^nl'a ble idS-iii'iub'l), ih Cupabln of bclnR clenled.
Da- ol^oi I. -I'] K M. 1. A denyini^, ri^fiiainf^^ »r iliAowning ;
— opp. to fj_ffiaii^iHi^ti. 2, ikviuMi} to admit the Injith of
H fctht^ni«{it, rlmrfe, etc, 3. A r^fiinl t« irraut at tuac-
knowlnltze J fJiMttiwjU ; — <jpp- to A-miffMsifln.
DO-Dl^tr. n. Oiia who dcrnJet.
0«fl'l xen fdSaT-i'n), It [OF. ffmzrin one Kving
within {w city or r<rtititr>0 ; 'r. U ^i^ f/f/Mj from wklJn.J
I. A dweller ^ LnliiibiUiU. 2. Ot)« iulriiltted tn re-,i.l>'Mce
or eitif«ujihip iu a ronHini country; 1iJ4tur^iJ!4'^1 <'i^/im.
— ^. f. 1. To cdubtitut« (one) A deuiAtib. 2. To popu-
late with denizens. — Denl-xatlon, D«n'l-ien-atkMi, n.
De-noml-nate (dt-nSmT-nSt), r. /. [L. denominare,
-natum ; de -f nomen name.] To give a name to ; to desig-
nate, —a. Having a specific denomination ; concrete.
D«-]IOml-IUl'tion, n. 1. A naming or designating. 2.
An epithet ; title ; ffeneral name for a class of likA Individ-
uals ; category. 3. Glass of individuals called by the
same name ; sect. — De-noml-Wl'tioil-Al, a.
Sjn, — Name ; appellation ; title. See Nams.
D*-BOai^Ba-tiT0 (-ni-tTv), a. 1. Conferring a denom-
\ or name. 2. Possesdng a designation ; denomi-
nable. 3. Derived from a subataative or adjective, ^n.
A den<Mninative name or term.
De-HOml-WI'tar (dt-nOml-ni-tar), M. I. One that
gives a name ; origin of a name. 2. Number or quantity
below the line in a fraction, showing how often the unit
is divided.
De-noto' (dt-nSt^, r. t. [L. denotare ; de ■\- nota mark.]
I. To mark out plainly ; to indicate. 2. To signify ; to
mean. — D*-ll0t'a-lll«, a. — De^no-U'iiOII, n.
U D^noormeilt' (dt'nSd'miiii'), n, [F., fr. dhtoner
to untie ; pref. di- (L. dU-) -f nou^r to tie, fr. L. nodnt
knot.] 1. The unravelinff of a plot ; catastrophe of a
drama or romance. 2. Solution of a mystery ; issue.
D*-IUNIIIO0' (dt-nouns'), r. t. [F. denoncer, fr. L. de
-\- nuntiare to announce, nuntitu messenger.] 1. To
threaten. 2. To accuse. — De-noUBOa'kBm, «.
D«BM (d<ns), a. [L. densut.] X. Close; heavy;
opaque. 2. Stupid ; groM ; crasa. — Dtiuwly . adv.
DiB'sl-ty (dSn'sI-tf ), n, 1. Compactoeaa ; — opp. to
rarity. 2. Ratio of mass to bulk or volume.
D«Bt (dSnt), n. [A variant of Dorr. 1 A slight notch
from a blow or pressure. ^v.L To inaent.
Dint, n. [F., fr. L. dens, dentU, tooth.] A tooth, as
of a card, gear wheel, etc
Dental (dfotol), a. [L. den*, dentU.\ X. Pertaining
to the teeth or to dentistry. 2. Formed by aid of the
teeth ; — said of certain articulations and the letters rep-
resentinff them ; as, d uid / are dental letters, ^n. An
articulauon or letter formed by aid of the teeth.
DiBOate (-ttt), \ a. rL dentatu*, fr. dens, den-
DoHa-M (-tt-tSd), f tis.) Toothed;
esp., with the teeth projecting straight out,
not pointed either forward or backward ;
as. a <fen/a<« leaf.
Dtnt'od (dSnfSd), a. Indented; im-
pressed with little hollows.
D«n^-Ol0 (dSn'tT-kU), n. [L. dentin- i
lue a little tooth, dim. of den».'\ A small
tooth or projecting point.
DiB-tlo^-Ute (-tTk'tt-ltt), I a. [L, ^ ^ .
latus, fr. denticulut.^ Furnished with denticles ; notched
into little toothlike projections.
DiB-tlo'11-UllOII (-li'shOn), ». I. A being set with
small notches or teeth 2. A diminutive tooth ; denticle.
DiBtl-forai (-tT-f8rm), a. [L. den*, denii* -j- -form.']
Having the form of teeth ; tooth-shaped.
D«ntl-fri00 (-frTs), n. [L. denti/ricium ; den*, den-
ii* -f- fricare to rub.] Substance for cleaning the teeth.
D«ntU (-tTl), n. [LL. dentUlu*, for L. denticulu:^
A small square projection in cornices.
D«ntllM (-tTn), n. [F.] The dense calcified sub-
stance largely compoaing teeth.
D«n^-|^hOII# (-tT-f5n), n. [L. den*, denti* -f Or.
^cMOf sound.] An instrument which, touching the teeth,
oonvejrs sound to the auditory nerve ; audiphime.
DiBtlst (-tTst), ft. IL. dens, denii*.'} Onewhooarea
for the teeth of others ; a dental surgeon.
DiBtlBt-ry (-tT»-trf ), n. Art or profession of a dentist.
DiB-titlon (-tTsh'&n), n. [L. deniilioA I. The de-
veloproent and cutting of teeth ; teething. 2. The system
of teeth peculiar to an animal.
Den/toMI(-toid), a. IL. den*, denti* -^ -oid.} Shaped
like a tooth ; tooth-shaped.
D«n'«-4AllOll(d6u'd-dS'8hfinordFnt-).n. I. A de-
nuding ; a stripping off covering. 2. The laying bare of
rocks by the washing away of overljring earth, etc.; their
excavi^on and removal by action of running water.
De-BOde' (dt-nud')i t'. /. [L. denudare; de-\-nudare
to bare, nmlu* naked J To divest of covering ; to strip.
De-nun'ol-ate (•nnn'shT-St), v. t, [L. denuntiare,
•atnm.} To denounce. — D*-ll1UI'Gl-a'tar, n.
De-nun'Ol-a'tion (-sT-S'sh&n or -shT-i'shfin), n. 1. A
denouncing ; public accusation. 2. Threat of eviL
ft, 3, t, a» O, long i A, «, 1, 5, 0, t, short ; stnOte, 3vwt, td«^ 6bey, tlnito, o4ra, iUm, Ask, »U, flacL
DENUNCIATORY
159
DEPOSITORY
I'd-a-tO-ry (dt.ufin'ahT^tt-if or -tAil^tt-xf),
De-miil^ol-a-tlT* (-tTv), a. Containing deomioistion.
U^ttf (d^niO, V. '• [OF. denier, deneer, fr. L. de-
negare ; de ^ negart to deny.] 1. To declare not to be
true; to gainaay; to oontradict; — oppoaed to ajjllrm,
altote, or itdmiL 2. To refoae to grant ; to witliliold.
3. To diadaim ootmection with, reapooaibility for, etc. ;
to diaown. «• V. i. To declare an aanrtion tintme.
TkhOl/wUnk-^ai (-{Sl/atrv-ent), a. Remoring obatruc-
tiona ; aperient, ^n. An aperient medicine.
D¥o4ua.' IdVt-dLid'), n. [LL. deodandum, fr. L.
Deo damd*im to be given to Qod.] A peraooal chattel
forfeited to the crown, to be applied to piooa oaea.
D*^Kdor-la« (-9^d8r-[i), v. /. To deprive of odor, eap.
of each aa reaulta from impuritlea. — O^^Kdor-I'Mr, n.
De'OB-tlA'O-gy (-9n-tl^.J]^), n. [Or. 64ov, gen. a^i^roc,
neiaaaity (p. neut of 5m it ia neceaaary) -f 4o0^.] Science
of doty or moral obUgatioa.
D^^sl-dlM (-«unr^ix). De-ozi-dat« (-dit), r. /.
To deprive of oxygen ; to reduce from the state of an
oxide. — De^ri-dalkHI, D*Hiri-dl-lt'tlOll, n.
D*-P«rr (-pllrtO, V. i. [F. dipartir to divide, m dSpar-
tir to aeparate one*a aelf ;- pref. di- (L. de) + parttr' to
wity depart, f r. L. partiri to divide, fr. pars part.J 1.
To go forth or away ; to leave ; — opp. to arrive. 2. To
fomke; to deaist or deviate (/rom). 3. Topaaaaway;
to periah. 4. To die. ^ r. t. To leave.
D«-ptrtlBMIlt, A. [F. dipartemerU, it. dipartir. '\ 1.
A part or subdiviaion. 2. A di«tinct coune of life, ac-
tion, atady, etc ; province. 3. Subdiviaion of buaineas ;
one of the principal diviaiona of executive government.
4. A territOTial aiviaion ; dittrict for governmental pur-
MM8.* — D^^paxt-ittittt'tiil, a.
De-par'tim (-^r^ttr ; 40), n. 1. Separation or re-
moval from a place ; a g<rfng away. 2. Death ; deceaae.
3. Deviation from a rule or purpose. 4. Distance east
or weat passed otvt in following an oblique line.
Syn. — See Dbatb.
De-paoO' (-pSndO, v. i, [F. dSpendre^ fr. L. depen-
dire; de -^-pendire to hang.l 1. To hang down. 2.
To be imdetermlned or undecided. 3. To rely for sup-
port ; to be contingent ; to be connected with anything,
aa a neoeaaary condition. 4. To trust ; to be cer^Un.
De-ptnfl'Mit, De-pand'anot, De-pMkPMi-oy, n. See
Dvnvpurr, Dspbitdbiicb, Dbpbndbkct.
(:|r Tl>e forms dependant, dependance, dependancy are
from the French ; the forma dependent, etc., from Litin.
D«-P«lld'tli06 (-ena), n. I. A depending or being de-
pendent; suspension from a support. 2. A being in-
ffuenoed and aetermined by something ; subjection (as of
an effect to its eoMse). 3. Mutual connection and support ;
concatenation. 4. Subjection to another^s direction ; in-
ability to help one*s self. 6. Reliance. 6. Thing at-
tached to, or contingent on, something else.
IH-panft'eil-Oir, n. 1. Dependence. 2. A territory
remote from the state to which it belonga ; a colony.
Da-ptBd'Mtt, a. 1. Hanging down. 2. Relying on
aonething else for support; subordinate. ^ n. 1. One
who reltea on another for aapport or favor ; a lianger-on.
2. That which dependa ; coroltary ; conaequence.
D*.pi0f (-pTktO.D*.ptomrt(-pIktdr;40),r./. [L.
depingere, -pictum ; de -\- pingere to paint.] To repre-
aeiit l^ a picture ; to poritray.
D0|^Ult«(d«pa-lSt),v.r. \Jj. depUare, -latum ;de-\-
ptfM hair.] To strip of hair ; to husk. — Dep'l-UtlOO, n.
D«-pll'»-tt^fy (dl-pn'&-t«-ry), a. Removing hair. —
n. An apfriication used to take off hair.
D*-pM»'(-plStO,v.<. [L.rfe--f p/«retofin.] I. To
empty or unload (vessels of the human system) by blood-
letting or bv noedicine. 2. To exhaust — De-pM^tlOll, n.
^D*-pUlm. a. An, — D*-^*no-rT, a.
D^-plflr'a-U* (-plSr'A-bn), a. Fit to be deplored ;
huDentable ; sad ; grievous. — De-l^Ofa-ttto-IMM, D*-
^OT^a-MH-ty, n. — De-plor'a-lily, adv.
De-plora' (dt-plSrOt V. t [L. dephrare ; de-\- phrwre
to cry out, lament] To feel or express deep grief for.
Syn. — To Dbflobs ; Mouxm ; Lamskt : bbwail; Bm-
MOAM. — Mourn is the generic term, denoting a state of
sadness. To lament is to express grief by outcries, and
denotes strong expression of sorrow. To deplore marka a
prolonged emotion. To bewail and to 6eino<m indicate
It distress, with wai"
ress, with wailing, moans, or aoba.
ploi'), r. t. &i. [F. dMoper; pref. di-
= dU {L. dU) + ployer, equiv. toplter to fold, fr. L.
plieare.1 To open out ; to spread out (a body of troopa)
ao that they ahall display a wider front and leas depth.
D*-Iilinw (-plumOt V' t. [L. de -{-pluma feather.]
. To strip off the feathers of ; to deprive of plumage.
2. To expose. — De-^n'kBate, a. — Dfpln-iiuitNB
(dfoat-mi'shau or dS'pltt-), n.
iM-po'lltllt (-pS'neut), n. [L. deponent, -entis, laying
down, p. pr. of deponere, -poeitum, to pot down, in LL.,
to assert under oath ; de -\- ponere to place.] 1. Oue
who depoaea under oath, usually, in wrmng. 2. A de-
ponent verb. —a. Having a passive form with an active
meaning, aa certain Latin and Greek verbs.
Syn. — DspoNorr: AmAsr. — An affiant m^kes an
affldavit, or declaration under oatli. to establish what
he says. A deponent makes a depoaition, or gives sworn
written testimony, to be used in the trial of a case.
De-pop'll-lAte (-pOp'fi-lit), V. t. [L. depopulari, -la-
tut, to ravage ; de -f- populus people.1 To deprive of in-
habitanta. — D«-pop'1l-Ul'tiO&, n. — De-pOD^-U'tor, n.
D*-porf (-pSrtOt <*• t' [F. dfporter to transport for
life, OF., to amuae, fr. L. deportare 4o carry away ; de
4- portart to carry.] 1. To transport ; to carry away ;
to exile. 2. To carnr or demean ; to behave (one*s self ).
De'por-UllOll (d^ptr-ti'shOn or dSp'ftr-), n. A de-
porting or being deported ; banishment ; transportation.
De-porfmnit (di-pSrt'mait), n. Manner of deporting
one*aaelf; conduct; carriage; behavior; demeanor.
De-pos'a-lllt (-p5s'&-bn), a. Capable of being deposed
or deprived of office. [from the throne. I
De-pos'al {-aX), n. A deposing from office ; c removal |
De-pOM' (-p5z')t V. t. {¥. dipo*er, in the sense of L.
deponere to put down ; but from pref. d^ (L. de) -f poMer
to place.] 1. To remove from office or station ; to de-
tiirone. 2. To testify under oath.— v. <. To make
deposition.
Dd-poslt (•p5fTt), V. L [L. deponere, -poiitum. See
Dbpombxt.] 1. To lay down ; to put ; to let fall or throw
down (aediment). 2. To lay away for aafe keepiuc ; to
store. 3. To intrust ; to place (money) in a bank, subject
to order. ^ n. 1. Somettiing laid or thrown down ; mat-
ter precipitated (as the mud, gravel, etc., deposits of a
river). 2. A natural occurrence of a useful mineral
available for exploitation. 3. Something intrusted to
another's care ; money lodged with a bank or banker,
subject to order ; a pledge or security.
De-PMl-U-ry (-T-tt-ry), n. [L. depositaHus.! 1.
Onewboreceivesadeposit; — correl. of acpon/or. 2. A
storehouse; depository. 3. One to whom goods are
bailed, to be kept without recompenae ; a trustee.
Dep'O-sFttoB (d«p'6-sTsh1ln or AF^-), n. [L. depo-
titio, it. deponere.} 1. A depositing or deposing ; a lay-
ing down ; piecipitation. 2. A bringing^! ore the mind ;
presentation. 3. A setting aside a sovereign or a public
officer ; removal. 4. That which is deposited ; sediment
6. An opinion, statement, or declaration. 8. Sworn tes-
timony taken down in writing.
Syn. — DsposmoK ; Affidattt. — Affldavit denotes
any authorised ex parte written sta^ment before some
competent officer. A deposition is sworn written testi-
raonv, taken bffore some authorized magistrate, and
upon notice to the opposing party, that he may attend
and cross-examine.
D*-poel-tor (dt-p9xT-t2r), n. [L.] One who makes
' * * — correL of depository,
, n. 1. Place where anything is
keeping. 2. A depositary.
w-poa^-for vos-pox'i-w
a deposit, esp. in a bank ; -
De-po»l-to-rT(-t«-ry), »
deposited for ssle or keepii
fSm, rao0iil| 6rb, r^de, f^ An, fdbd, f<ft>t, ovft, oU, eliair, so, ains, igk, then, thin.
DEPOT
160
Derrick:
De^ (dt^ ; Frenrk dft-pO'), n. [F. dSpSt, OF. de-
poat^ n. L. depotUum « deposit. 1 1. A place of deposit for
good* ; storehouae. 8. (a) A inilitory ■tation where atorea
are kept, or reemita aaaembled and drilled, (b) Head-
quarters of a reftment. S. A railroad statioii. t^* S-}
Srn. — See Btatiov.
iMp^n-Tmlkni (dSp^ri-rl'shliu), n. 1. A depraring,
or corrupting. 2. Degeneracy ; dieprarity ; perveniou.
Hjn, — See Dbpbatitt.
De-pniTt' (dt-priv^), V. /. [Lb deprarare, -vatum;
de -f- pravut crooked, wicked.] To make bad or worse.
Hjn, — To corrupt ; vitiate ; oootamiuate ; pollute.
D*-ptmT^-ty (-prlv^-ty). n. The being depraved or
corrupted ; absence of reUgioua principle.
Sjn. — DBrRATrrr : DsnuvATiov; CoRaupnoM: viti-
ation ; wickedness ; vice ; deeeneracy. — Dfurarilf/ is a
vitiated state of mind or feelmg. DepraratKm points to
tlM act or process of mnking depraved, and to the end
thus reached. Corruption applies to physical substai
and denotes how their component parts are dissolved.
Dep'kV^ato (dSp'rt-klt), «. t. [L. deprtcarl, -catus;
dfi -{- precari to pray.] To pray against, as an evil ; to
disapprove cA strongly. — Drafn-ca'tor, ». — D«p^
De-prt'el-Att (dt-prCshT-it), r. t. & i. [L. tlfpirtiare,
-eiare; -crfum, to depreciate ; de -j- prrtium price.] To
I in price or lower the worth of ; to undervalue. —
De-pcv'Ql-A'tor, ».— De-pn'ol-a'tloii, n. — De-prfttl-
a'tlTe i-9h\-wtu or -shA^tiv), D*-pr»'Gl-a-to-ry. a.
Syn* — To disparage ; detract ; underrate. See Dicst.
Dip^lV^te (d«p'rl-dSt), v. t. [L. depraedari, -dalu*,
to pUmder ; de -f- praeda prey.] To subject to plunder
anapOlaffe; to despoil; to lay waste, ^r. t To commit
waste. — Dfp'n-dA'ttoB, n. — Deplv^A'tar, n.
D«-pnfli^(dl-pr6sOf ^- f« [L* deprimere^ -pretsum ;
df -(- premere to press.] 1. To press down ; to lower.
2. To humble ; to aejeot. 3. To make dull ; to embarrass
i trade, commerce, etc.). 4. To cheapen ; to depreciate.
\. To reduce (a mathematical equation) to a lower decree.
Syn.— To sink; lower: abase; cast down; deject;
humble ; degrade ; dispirit ; discourage.
D*-pffwnon (•prfish'lin), n. 1. A depressing or be-
ing depressed ; a sinking. 2. A falling in of the surface ;
oavitv. S. Humiliation ; abasement. 4. Dejection ; de-
spondency. 6. Diminution, as of trade, etc. ; dnllness.
9. Ancnlar dlstaaoe of a celestial object below the hori-
son. 7. The redacfaag (an equation) to a lower degree.
8yn.— Abasement; fall; dejection: melancholy.
DapflWlTt (-prKsOTv), a. Able or tendinp to depress.
D^-pcvn'ar (-prSs'Sr), n. 1. One that presses down ;
an oppressor. 2. A muscle that tends to draw down a part.
*" " " ' Capt^le of being de-
De-flfftT'a-U* (.priv'A.bn), «
Iffivea ; liable to be deposed.
Dep^TmtlOll(dep'rT-vrBhBn),n. 1. Adeprivfaigor
bereaving ; a deposing or divesting of some dignity. 2.
The being deprived ; privation ; loss ; want.
IH-pnT*' (dt-priv'), r. /. [LL. deprivare^ -vatum ; L.
de 4- prirare to deprive.] To dispoeseM ; to bereave.
Syn. — To strip ; despoil ; rob ; abridge.
Dairtll (<!-^i<t7i>, V. 1^ QuslHy of U'\»ti deep ; measure-
ment liaivim irl friHii tin* snr* i^^v "!r M iiikwird from the
(t^nt, 2- rTi^fE»Tiii4lii(<An ;, ['(>[itp|rt4'iH'!t.4. 3. Lowuess ; as,
rd^pt^ nf ioiinii. 4. Tfnit whhh bd^t>K
Ilc^p^-Tilte ( ■ t? |f'fi 'T fit 1 . .^ [L, f1* -f- pnrare to purify,
/jwr^.t I In .111 ] iwiratt'^l ■ rlttniiFK-d. — r. t. To purify.
- Dep ura'tion. Pop a H'ttoQ* «
Dep'n -taction (-ijt'Al^lii'i'i, n. 1, A deputing, or ap-
polfjtnig SL dtiputy ; nfflw ni 4 d^l"ffftti>. 2. Person or
fKrr^TFiis deputed tA act Jii biiltinlf f^T otfioni ; delegation.
Dt-prnt*^ M* put'), Th U l¥. fi*p'ifri\ It. L, deptUare
tfl coRnirt^r, m LL.+ tn *lJnT i. 'if -f /"'f-'-eto set in order,
riiink.] Tn flpti'''<it in <1<'p>ity ur My^ i»i . to delegate.
D«pti-tlso f *i tytf^-ilt U r. t. To < I ^i I te.
1l«p^tr ( *J>i f*' ^^- *f*p"f^\ tr UL, deputaJtit.] 1.
Oiifr ilepntod sti MieintJ(fitltnrn of •in'iJif^r, and empowered
pluck up by the roots ; toextirpate. — Ptiio^
D«-nil' (-ral'), r. t. To cause (cars) to i
the rails of a railroad. ~]>«.ffaillB«Bt, ».
to act for him ; a
2. A nmnber of the French Chaoiber of Depotlaa, of 1^<
isUtive assembly elected by the people voting in diatiiota
Syn. -> Substitute: representative: delegate; agent.
I>»«Ml-IIAt*(dt-risq.uit),v.f. tFTdfraeimer ; met
dS" (L. <lts-) -f raeine root, fr. L. radix^ rodieU^ root. J To
, its) to run off from
De-rang*' (-rinj^), v, t, [F. dSrtmger ; pref. de- =
<f(^-(L.(fts-)-f-ran|r^ to range.] 1. To put out of place ;
to disorder. 2. To disturb (a part or organ^ machiHe or
organism) in action or function. 3. To
Syn. - To disorder : disarrange : dia^
disturb ; confuse ; discompose ; ruffle ; oiaooncert.
De-raBSeTlllMlt, n, A deranging or being deranged.
Syn. ^-Disorder; confusion; irrerularity : disturb-
ance : insanity ; lunacy ; mania. See iKtAiriTT.
Dafa-ltot (d«r^-lTkt), a. [L. derelinquere, -tMrnm,
to forsake wholly ; de + rtlinquere to leave.] 1. Given
up by the natural owner ; abandoned. 2. Ixwt ; adrift ;
neglectful ; uufaithftiL — n. (<r) A thing Toluntarily
abandoned by its proper owner ; ship abandoned at sea.
(6) A tract of land left dry by the sea, and lit for use.
Dtra-UoHoa (-ITk^shbi), n. 1. An utter forsaking.
2. Neglect or omission. 3. A being left or abandoned. «■
A retiring of the ses, whereby land is gained.
De-rldt' (dl-rida v. t. TL. deridere, derUum ; de -f
ridere to laugh.] To ridicule. — Da-ltdlBff-ly, adr.
Syn. — DsRioB : Rioictlb ; Mock ; Tavitt ; laugh at ;
insult; Jeer: banter; rally. — A man may rtdintie
without unkind feelhig, in order to correct. He who <f^-
ru/e« is artoated by contempt. To modb denotes open and
scornful derision. To tauni is to reproach with Insult.
D*-ll'tloa(-rTsh1lu),ii. lUderieio.] 1. A deriding,
or being derided. 2. Object of scorn ; Isnghing-stock.
Syn. — Scorn ; mockery ; contempt ; insult ; ridicule.
D«-rl'ltV«(ri'sTv),D«-ll'toO-rr(-«»-rt),a. Deriding.
De-ltT'a-Ill* (-riv'i.bn), a. that can be derived ; ob-
taiiMble by transmission ; capable of being traced.
D«ri-TaaiMi (dfe'T-vS'sh&n), ». I. A deriving any.
thing from a souroe ; the procuring an effect from a
cause, means, or condition. 2. The tracing origin or da-
scent. 3. That from wliich a thing is derivad. 4. That
which is derived ; a derivative ; a dedootion.
Da-llT'a-tiT* (dt-rlv'A-tlv), o. Obtained by deriva-
tion ; not radical, original, or fundamental ; secondary,
^n. 1. That which is derived or deduced. 2. A word
formed from another word. — Da-llT'a-tlvt'ly« odv.
Dt-rllit' (-rivO, V. t, [F. dSrirer^ L. derivare ; de-^
rivu* stream, brook.] 1. To receive, as from a aouroe
or origin ; to draw ; to deduce. 2. To trace the origin
or derivation of. 3. To obtain one substance from an>
other by subetitution. ^ r. i. To flow ; to proceed.
Syn. — To trace ; deduce ; infer.
D«m (dSrm), n. [Gr. ^pftau, -arof.] Skin.
II Dw^Ua (dSr'mi), ». [NL.] Dermis.
Dmi'al (-mal), a. Pert, to tlie integument or akin.
DMT'ma-tiA'O^ (d%Kmi-t61'«-jy). II. [Or. ^fmm,
-ATOf -|- -^o^v.] Science of the skin, its structure, func-
tions, and diseases. — DcTma-lol'O-flst (-JT>t), n.
Dar^mfto (-mTk), a. Relatiiw to the skm ; dermaL
II Dar^talB (-mYs), n. [NL.] The sensitive layer of
skin beneath the scarf skin or epidermis; — called alae
true skin^ derm^ dertna^ corium^ cutUy and endenm.
II DcTBlnr (dtr'nyt' or dSr'uT-Sr), a. [F., fr. OF.
darrrin ; L. rf« -}- rrtro backward.] Last ; finaL
DtT'O-gate (dfir'ft-gZt), r. I. [L. derognre^ -gaium ; de
+ roonretoask.] 1. To annulln part ; to limit the action
of (a law). 2. To lessen ; to detract from. •- v. i. To take
away ( from). — DeT O-iattoB, n. [riooa.
De-roff'a-tO-ry (d«-r^'i-t«-rj^), e. Detracting ; injn-
Der'nok (dfir^rTk), n. [Orig., a gallows, from a hang-
man named j)errick,] A mast or frame, with tackle for
hoisting heavy weights.
ft, 3, 1, 5, a, long ; a, «, 1, 6, A, 5', abort ; senate, (vent. Idea, 6bey, ttnit«^ cAre, iirm, aak, ||11, final.
DERRICK CRANE
161
DESPERATE
Danriek onuM« « combiiittioD of derrick Mid oranr. ar-
rmngdd to tu^«t aud lUiio lo swliw the load boriionUlly.
B«'¥tall(dir'vT.h),)i». [Per. rfer-
Dm'tIm (•▼!•), > «i^<cA, fr. OFer.
Dm^yrtB (•▼!•), ) d€r€w to tMff.]
A Turkiah or Ptoniao monk.
IHs'Ottit (dSancint), n, [OF. ; LL. <lw.
canimsytr. It. dit-^aanere to tbag.} I. (a)
A variation of an air. lb) The apper voioe
in part mosio. (e) The aoprano voico;
treble. 2. A oonunent.
DM-oanf (dSa-klnt^, v. i. 1. To aiuK
a variation or accompaniment. 2. To com' ,. .,,
ment freely ; to dlaoonrte. *^" '*'' ^'^••
Dt loemfl^ (dt-aBndOt v, i, & t. [L. detetndert^ -cen-
sum ; de-{- teandere to climb.J To come or go down.
Deeoenaent. ^ ». One who de-
-, — correL to anctMor or tuctndant, [source. I
Dt lOtayant, a. Deecending; proceeding from a|
Pt toandl-bto. <^ 1* That may be descended. 2.
That may deeoend from an anceetor to an heir.
Hi'tloa (-aSn'ahfin), n. A going downward;
; fatUnf or sinking : declension; degradation.
Mf (-sSntOt n. 1. A descending, or passing
downward. 2. Incursion ; attack. 3. Progress down-
ward, aa in station, virtue, etc 4. Lineage ; birth. 6.
Tiransmisaion of an estate by inlieritanoe. 6. Inclination
downward ; slope. 7« A step downward ; a ffeneratiim.
8. A passing from a higher to a lower musical tone.
8yiu— DecUvity; dope; degradation; extraction;
IfaMage ; assault; InTasioo ; attack.
P»lCftbt^ (-AkribQ. V. I. & f. [L. descHbere^ de-
aeripium; de + tenbert to write. See Scsibi.] I.
To represent by drawing ; to delineate. 2. TC represent
by word* or signs.— D*4in1IK«r, n. — D«-tOl1IKarbl«, a.
SyiU'To set forth; represent; delineate; relate;
recount ; narrate; expresa; explain; depict : portray.
Dt-Mriy'tloa (-skrlp'shon), ». L A describing, de-
Unsotton, or representation. X Glass; kind ; sort.
Syn. — Aoooont; relation; detail; narratlre; ex-
pimation ; representatioo ; kind ; sort. See Damimov.
D«-MfftoHTt ("tTv), a. Containing description.—
]>«-MrtfWt4y, 9dv.
DtlBfy^ (-wtQ* V. t' [OB. desorien to eqpy, tt, OF.
deserter to proclaim, decry.] To spy oat or diaoover
by the eye. — Pt ■wt^or, n.
Syn. ~To see ; behold ; espy ; disoorer ; discern.
JSw-VMM (dSs^krit), v. L [L. de + taorare to
consecrate, f r. racer sacrea.] To diveat of a sacred char-
acter or divert from asacred purpose ; to profane.— Dtt'-
Pftrt^ (dt-iirtO, n, [OF. deserts, desserte, merit,
rveompenae, fr. deservtr^ desservir, to deserve.] That
which is deserved ; reward or punidunent justly due.
87ii.~Marit; worth; exceUenoe; due.
PtfMt (dfa'Irt), ft. [F. disert, fr. L. deserere, -ser-
Imm, to desertl A deserted region ; barren tract ; wil-
derness, ^o. Pertaining to a desert ; forsaken : waste.
Pfttt^ (dt-iJrtO, r. I 1> To leave ; to forsake. 2.
To abscond from. — Be Hft^W, n.
Syn.— To abandon: forsake: leave '.relinquish : rr
Bounce ; quit; depart from ; abdlMte. Bee Abavdok.
I (-■Jr'Wittn), n. 1. A deeerting ; wUlful
quitting of one*s duties ; an abaoondinff from military or
naval service. 2. A being forsaken ; desolation.
P«4irv»^ (-eirvQ, V. I. [OF. <fM9rWr to merit, L. <fe
-I- serttre to serve.] To earn hf service ; to be worthv
of (something due, either good or evil) ; to merit. — *. 1
Jo be worthy of recompense.
Pt ■ill ji-ly, adv^ According to deaeitn Justly.
" " ~ t ; mMit* ^ o. Worthy. —
Pt-MTTlBf , n.
P^Mnr'lat-lF, adv.
M-wuiw'' (dts^A-bllOt n, [F., fr. dhhabaier to
; pref. dis- (l„ dis-) + habiUer to dress.] An
-11VJ, a, i>euotmg oestre. — n.
[want generally fell. I
^ritSm), n. [L.] Thing dedred ;|
-sin'), *'. t, at i. [F. dhiqner:
Pe-irto'OtBt (dl-sTkOumt), n. Drving; deelooative.
«n. A medicine or application for drying up a sore.
Pe«lo-€at«(dSsnrk.]dU or d«4Tk'kit),v.r. A i. [L.
Vf««ieoorc, •eatum ; de-\- siceare to dry, sioeus dry.] To
dry up ; to preeerve by drying. — PtsiO-Ofttloa. n. —
Pt-flllK«l-tlV«, a. & n. (rvu. I
II P^^M'iM^ (dl-eTd'l-rl'ti), n., pi. of DmobeaJ
Pt lld^W-f (-Sr^t), V. t. [L. desiderare, -o/nm, to
desire, mias.] To desire ; to lack ; to want.
P^^tftPM^-tlve (-4.tTv), a, DeuoUng desire. -- n.
An object of desire.
II Pft-iid'e-nitiiiii (4-1
p64tfffB' (d*.«iu' or^dn'), , - .
L. destffnare to designate ; de + signum elpi.l 1. au
aketch for a pattern or model ; to draw. 2. To mark
out and exhibit ; to desiguate ; to appoint. 3. To pro-
duce, as a work of art ; to plan ; to project. 4. To intend.
Syn. — To sketch ; plan ; purpose ; project ; mean.
^n. LA preliminary sketch ; outline of something to
be executed ; plan. 2. A preliiuinary conoeptiou ; plot.
Syn. — Dbswv ; Imtbhtiom ; Pubmsb : scheme ; pro>>
ect ; t^an ; idea. — Design refers to sometliing aimed at.
luteniioH pointo to the feelings with which it is sought.
Purpose refers to a determiuMon to attain it.
PMlC-aate (disTg-nSt), v. t. [L. designarss -natum. ]
1. To mark out aud make known ; to point out ; to show.
2. To call by a distinctive title. S. To set apart ^or a
purpose or duty. — Drnftg-Wk'tm, n.
Syn. - To name ; style ; entitle ; characterise.
PMif -nft'tfoa, n. X A designating ; indication. 2.
Selection for a purpoee ; direction. 3. Distinctive title ;
appellation. 4. U«e or M>plication ; import.
fi(IHrffll'0d47 (dt-sltt^d-lf - ^ -
posely; iutentionallv.
Ptllglt^OT, n. 1. One who deaigns or plana ; a con-
triver, m. A plotter ; schemer.
P«-gLpi1ll|g, a. Intriguing; artful; scheming. «- n.
The making deaigns, sketchesTor plana.
P^^lr'a.^to (-slr'4.- •" - ^^^ '
l-iy), adv. By design ; pur-
'"WHS?;?;
-P^^lr'a-bli-iiiM,!
slr'i-bU), a. Worthy of desire or long-
^ " V Pt^Mya-Mll-tF.n.
sIrOt v. /. FF. disirer, L. desiderare.} 1.
To long for ; to covet. 2. To express a wish for.
Syn. — To Dbsibb ; Wnn ; long for : covet ; ask : re-
quest ; solicit ; beg. — In desire the feeling is more esger
than in wish. ** I trish you to do this *' is a milder form
of command than ** I desire yon to do this."
^ n . 1. Eager wish to obtain or en jov.
Object of longing. 4. Excessive longli
Syn. — Wish ; craving ; eagerness ; :
, 2. A request S.
4. Excessive longing ; lust ; appetite.
_.— --%vlng; eagerness; : longing.
D^-Wtt'cmm (-zlr'tis), *i. Feeling desire ; covetoos.
P*«ISt' (•iTst' or -sTsf), r. i. [L. desistere; de +
sisters to stop, fr. stnre to st-md.] To stop ; to foriiear.
Peak (dSsk), n. [OE. desks, same word ae disk, disk.}
1. A table or frame to write on. 2. A reading table.
PM'O-Ute (d8s^-ltt), ft. [L. desolare, -latum, to for-
sake ; de -f«o/tM alone.] 1. Destitute of faihabitants. 2.
Laid waste ; neriected ; destroyed. 8. Left alone ; com-
f ortleas. — Perd-Uto-ly, adr.
Syn. — Desert ; uninhabited ; lonely ; gloomy ; waste.
^v. t. 1. To make desolate: to leave alone. 2. To
Uy waste ; to ravage. — Pee'e-lA^ttr, n,
P«ro-U110il, n. 1. A deeoUting or Uying waste ;
depopulation. 2. Ruin ; destitution ; gloonunesa. S. A
place or country wasted and forsaken.
Syn. — Waste ; ruin : destruction ; havoc ; devastation ;
ravage; sadness; destituticm; melancholy; gloom.
D#.gpalf/ (d^ptr^), V. i. [L. desperare; ds-f ^e-
rare to hope ; spes hope.] Tb give up hope.
Syn* — dee DatrovD.
— n. 1. Loss of liope. 2. Thing despaired of.
Syn. — Desperation; deepondrooy; hopeleasneaa.
^•■Wptiknnm, a. Hopeless.— P»-gpiifar'liif-ly,atfr.
P*-ip«tOll' (dt-splchO, n.Av. Dispatch.
P«rMr-ft'dO (dSs^D^r-S'dft), n. [OSp., p. p. of despe-
«r, fr. L. despemre.j A reckless, furious man ; rufllan.
PMKper-ate (-tt), a. [L. desperare, -aium.} 1. Beyond
mn4 reoegl, 3tb| r«d«, full« ftm, MM, tikt^ oak, oil,
11
0B|glmB, l«kf Mmb,
DESPERATELY
162
DETERMINATION
hope ; causiDg despair ; extremely perilous ; put cure.
2. Reckless ; furious. 3. Extreme, in a bad sense ; outran
geous. — I>e«'p«-«t»47 (dfis^pSr-tt-iy), adv.
Sjn. — Hopeless ; demairins; forlorn; mad ; frantic.
DWpor-ft^lon (dSs-pSr^shiin), n. L A despairing.
2. Utter hopelessness ; reckless fury.
DWpl-M-U* (-pT-kA^bn), a. [L. detptcabUU, tx. de-
tnicari to despise. J Fit or deserving to be des|rfaed. —
Daryl-iw-lito-aMB, n. —Dt^^-HtL-hlj, adv.
8jm. — Mean; Tile; paltry ; worthless ; pitiful ; sordid ;
low : base. Bee Coiitbxptibia
D^^plM' (dt-spisOi r. i. [L. detpicere, despeetum ;
de -{- spictre^ specert^ to look.] To look down upon
with contempt ; to have a contemptuous dislike of.
8711. — See CoMTKOi.
IlMnttt' (•«pit')f »• [OF. detpU, tt. L. de^pictre.^
t. Malice ; nite. 2. An act of malice or dehanoe.—
ItTfp. In splti? of ; in deflunce of.
K> Tl . ftr *' N uTW ITHST A Ml i Xu .
Dfr^i^A'nil (till), ti. T\xU or a^-apitp, milk-*, or con-
t^^UkptLiotiJi hotf ; lu^ktuui*. — Pfl-ftplte^tnl-lTv odn\
■poa'er. ir. - De-apci'll-t'tlllll (-i[p&J1'£''iifa1ltO, n.
f*yu. - To »tnis i dpi»fiv*' ; rolj; twriATe ; ritis.
De-iponH'^ (-k^iOu'I')* r. j, [L, drxpondtrr tq ptmnise
iar M^liTiiiily,] T'.r fiivt' iij" Uji- will, lourn^jp, of aylrit. —
DA-ipood'eat. "- De mpond'ence. De-apond'^ea-oy,
ifH - lie-tpfmd'ftnt'lr. De-spond'Liii Iv^ ^^f'.
SfTi. — DitsKAD ; iJc^fAift, — iJt^x^mir im[il!i^f^ n ttptal
loia ot hone, which derpomi daea {ic4, nt It^nil in I'very
ease; yrt dt^ftcmfffncal^ oft«u iii4>rf> iuihit^ tliaii tt^^i^iir^
<ir than fUMt\rrfttiim, wiiirh impeJa tt* violent jLrtion.
D«B^^«t (<J?a'pBt), h. [P. drjpotf^ Gr. ai<r*<r7t inaa-
t*r,] 1. A mafttfr \ Ml ahwtnt* nuptar snvffi'iiai- 3 One
mlinp r^irnrdlffS!' of ^l rouflCUutlon or lawi : a, tyrmit. —
Dn poHo. De«'P(rtiO'»li f? — Ihi»-patlc-al'lF. «•'''•
De-a^pO-UBiD ( j»'i -t \ ^ 'm l , n . 1. Kivi I. r, up! rit, or prin-
i-i]i1"'rs .>! * «l**H(M,t i tjTTiiiii.y. 3. AbRKilutieui ; Dotficrvy.
D«S^li-mtttB (Llgisi'iiti mit fjr a^^pii'-y, v, L Jt i. [L
ii*xpumi}T^^ 'Miitifm^ tij ile^^pume ; Jr ^- jijJwsMifT to foam,
tpHtnn scum.] To throw off impurities in spume; to
work off in scum ; to foam. — D«rpa-IIUI'tiO&, n.
DtrqilA-IIUIte (dSsHcwA-mSt or d^-skwSO, r. i. [L.
desquatnare, •maitim, to scale oft; de -\- tquama scale.]
To peel off in scales. — DM'qiUI-BUl'tiOill, n.
D«HMIt' (d««-iSrt'), n. [F., fr. de*servir to remove
from table ; pref. de*- (L. dU-) -f tervir to serve, serve
at table.] A service of pastry, fruits, or sweetmeats, at
the close of a feast ; lant course at dinner. [painting. I
Des-tMl'lMr (des-tSm'pSr), fi. Distemper, a kind of |
DWtl-WrdMI (-tT-na'shttn), n. [L. dtttinatio deter-
mination.] 1. A destining or appointing. 2. Predeter-
mined end or use. 3. Place set for the end of a journey,
or to which something is sent ; point aimed at.
Sjn. — Appointment ; purpose ; destiny. ; lot ; end.
DMtllM (-tin), V. L [F. deHiMTy L. destinare ;de-^
root of stare to stand.] To determine the future condi-
tion of ; to set apart for a future purpose ; to appoint.
Sjn. — To design ; mark out ; determine ; allot ;
choose ; intend ; devote ; consecrate ; doom.
DM^-ny (-tT-ny), n. [F. degtinSf, fr. destiner.l 1.
That to which any person or thing in destined ; doom.
2. The fixed order of things ; invinciblo necessity ; fate,
DM'tl-tnt« (-tut), a. [L. destituerey 4utrtm^ to set
away, forsake ; de -f *tatuere to set.] 1. Forsaken ;
lacUng (something necessary or desirable) ; devoid. 2.
In a condition of want ; needy. — Das'tl-tlltioil. n.
D«4ltroy' (dS-stroiO, r. t. [OF. dextruire^ fr. L. de-
ttruere, dextrurtum ; de-\- strttere to pile up, build. See
BTBUCTuaa.! 1. To unbuild ; to pull down ; to break up
and deraoliKh. 2. To ruin. 3. To kill.— De-Btroy'W, n.
Syn. — To lay waste: consume; niln ; overthrow;
subvert ; extinguish : kill. See Dkmoli^h.
D«4rtni0ll-bto(d».«trtiktl^n),a. Liable to destnuv
tioii. — D%^tawom-iaiMiimB, D*«tnio'ti-liai-tF, n.
Dt-StniO'ttOll. n. 1. A destroying ; demolition ; ruin.
2. A cause of ruin or devastation ; a destroyer.
Syn. — Demolition ; subversion ; overthrow ; extinc-
tion ; devastation : downfall ; havoc ; ruin.
D«-StnM>^¥« (-tTv), a. Causing destmctiom ruin,
devastation, death, etc ^n. One who destroys ; a rad-
ical reformer. — D«-fltniotiT*-aMB, n.
Syn* — Mortal ; deadly ; poisonous ; fatal ; minoos.
DM^IM-tndt (dfis'wt-tud), n. [L. detwtudo, fr. de
-f- tuescere to become accustomed.] Cessation of use.
DMKvl-tO-nr (-&l-t«-ry), a. [L. dendtorius^ fr. de +
talire to leap.] 1. Paseing from one Uiing to another
disconnectedly or illogically ; immetbodicaL 2. By the
wav ; as a digression.
syn. — Rsmbline ; roving ; immethodical ; diacuraiTe ;
inconstant ; unsettled ; cursory ; slight ; hasty ; loose.
De-taoh' (d«-tichOt t'. /. [F. ditucher; preL di (L.
di^ + root of E. attach.^ To part ; to separate.
Syn. — To separate ; disunite : disengsge ; sever ; dia-
Join : withdraw ; draw off. Bee Dbtail.
D^-taohlBMIlt, n. I. A detsching or being detached.
2. Thing detached ; troops or ships sent on special service.
Detail (dFtQ or d«-til'), n. [F. ditaU^ it. dHailltr
to cut in lueces, tell in detail : pref. di- (L. de or dis-) +
taiiler to cut. SeeTAXLoa.] 1. A minute portion ; item.
2. A narrative which relates minute points or dwells on
particulars. 3. flection for a particular service of a
per^ni7 rtT n bod)' of men ; man or men so selected.
I h> TK Aj I munI . relation; recital ; explanation.
I Dft-tldl' (il^-Ur k r. t. 1. To reUte in parUculars ; to
spi < Lly. 21 To tcJl off for a particular service.
Do-Ula' { -t jui' W f '. t. [F. dhenir, L. detinere, -tentmm ;
de -f- ifnirr ro IjoUL] 1. To keep back or from ; to with-
hol'1. 2. Td iUv : to delay. 3. To hold in custody.
Hj^n. - To witfthold ; stop ; stay ; arrest ; hinder.
De Uln^dei ( ^f^r), n. A writ of detinue.
Dft^talM'ttr i -^r), n. 1. One who detains. 2. (o) The
kei'ptu^ whjil iirlcpiin to another, (b) A writ atttboris-
ing II }iriiH)fi hc^'^HT to hold one in custody.
D«-te«t' { t^tO, V. /. [L. deUgere, -iedum^ to rni-
co^MF. ,1. .^ . T ; ,h — tegere to cover.] To discover; to
find uai , to briii^ to Ught — D*-t»0t'a-1ll«, D*-ttetl-
blt, a. — D*-tMrar, D*-tMt'ar, n. — De-tMnioB, n.
Syn. — To discover ; find out ; lay bare ; expose.
De-t«Otl¥« (-Tv), a. Fitted for, skiUed in, or em-
ployed in, detecting. ^ n. Oue employed to detect crim-
inals or discover secret matters.
De-tent' (-tent'), n. [F. ditente, it. ditendre to un-
bend, relax ; pref. dS- (L. di*- or de) -{- tendre to stretch.]
That which locks or uiUocks a movement ; a catch, pawl,
or dog ; catch in a timepiece which locks and uiuocks
the wheelwork m striking.
De-teBtlfm(-t&t'sh&n),n. 1. A detaining or keeping
back. 2. Delay from necessity. 3. Custody.
De-ter' (-tir'), r. t. [L. deterrere ; de H- Urrere to
frighten. See Tbkbor.] To prevent by fear.
De-terge' (-t«rJO, v. t. [L. detergere, -tertum ; de +
tergere to wipe off.] To cleanse ; to purge away (foul or
offending matter). — De-ter^gent (-tir'jrat), a. Sin,
De-te'rt-0-imte(-te'rI-*-rit},r./.At. n^deterUmtre,
"Oltumy fr. deterior worse.] To make or become worse;
to impair. — De-te'rl-o-imntioii, n.
De-ter'meilt (-tir'ment), n. A deterring ; hindrance.
De-ter'ml-IIA-ble (-mT-n4-bn), a. Capable of being
determined, ascertuned, or concluded.
De-terlnl-IUIte (-ntt), a. [L. determinate^ -alvmy to .
determine.] 1. Haring defined limits ; definite. 2. Con-
cluRive ; decisive ; positive. — De-ter^-IIAte-ly, adr.
De-ter'ml-IIA'tlOll, n. [L. determinntio boundaiy, end.]
1. A detemiininff, or being determined. 2. Termina-
tion ; limit. 3. Direction or tendency to a certrtin end ;
irapulHion. 4. Decision of character ; resoluteness. 6.
A judicial decision, or ending of controversy. 6. Result
a. 8, 1, 6, a, long ; ii, «, T, 0, ft, j^, short ; senAte, <lvent. Idea, 6bey, finite, oiire, Krm, Ask, ftU, IhMU.
DETERMINATIVE
163
DEVILISH
of deliberation ; purpose ; fixed reaolution. 7. A flor-,
nuh, or tendency (of blood, etc.) to a particular part.
8. Act, prooeaa, or reault of accurate meaBurement, aa of
length, Tolume, weight, intensity, etc. 0. The deter-
mining the relations of an obiect ; classification.
Sjn. — Decision ; concluMon ; judgment ; purpose :
resf^ution ; resolve ; firmness. See Dbcisioii.
DMar^ml-na-tlTe ( dt-tir^mT-nA-tTT ), a. HaTing
power to determine ; shaping ; directing ; conclusiTe.
D«-tWllllllt (-mTn), r. /. [L. dtterminare^ -natum ;
de + terminug limit.] 1. To fix the boundaries of ; to
mark off and separate. 2. To limit ; to finish. 3. To
fix the form or character of ; to shape ; to settle. 4. To
fix the course of ; to impel. 6. To ascertain definitely ;
to assign to its true place in a system. 6. To bring (ar
question or controrer^) to a conclusion ; to decide. 7.
To resolve on ; to bring to a conclusion or decision. 8.
To ascertain the presence, quality, or amount of.
De-tcrtMIt (^r'rfnt), a. [L deterrent.} Serving
to deter. ^ n. That which prevents.
Dt-t«r'tloa (-tir'shOn), H. A deterging or cleansing.
IH-tm'Wlhn (-sTv), a. Cleansing. — n. A detergent.
D^^mHf (-tSstO, V. t. [L. detestare, -tatun^ to exe-
crate, d^est ; de -{• Ustari to testify, testis a witness.]
To hate intensely. — D^-teiTa-ble, a. — Dd-tMfft-llly,
ad9, — D«t«i-ta'tlOII (d«f Ss-ti'shfili or dS'tSs-), n.
Syn. — SeeHATB.
Dt-tliioiM' (-thrOnO. r. t. [Pref. de- + throne."} To
remove from a throne ; to depose. — Dt-tlliroao'lllMlt, n.
Detl-mie (d9t^-nu). n. [OF. detinu^ detenu^ p. p.
of detenir to detain.] A form of legal action to recover
a personal chattel wrongfully detained.
D«tt>-Bat0 (-«-nit), Det'O-BlM (-nix), v. i. & t. [L.
detonate : de -f- tonnre to thunder.] To explode with
a sadden report. — Dot'O-llA'tlOll, n.
D»-tort' (d*-t«Tf ), r. t. [L. detorquere. -iortum ; de
-f torquiere to twist.] To turn from the original or plain
meaning ; to pervert. — Dd-tortion, D«-tor'llOll, n.
Dt^toor' (d^tS&rOt n. [P. ditour, fr. ditoitmer to
turn aside; pref. di' (L. dis-) -f toitmer to turn.] A
turning ; circuitous route ; deviation from a direct course.
D*-traot' (-triktOt v. t. & *'. [L. detrahere, -traetnm ;
de -J- trahere to draw.] 1. To take awav. 2. To take
credit from ; to defame. — D«-traot'or, Detnot'flT, n.
Syn. — To derogate ; decry ; disparage ; depreciate ;
asperse : vilify ; d<tfame ; traduce. See Dkbt.
D«-trao^tiOII (-trXk'shfin), n. A detracting ; a depre-
dating another, from envy or malice.
Syn. —Derogation : slander: calumny ; censure.
Dt-tnotlTe (-tTv). Dt-tnof 0-ry (-ti-rj^), a. Defam-
atory by denial of desert ; derogatory ; calumnious.
Dttli-IIIMIt (dSt^rT-m^nt), n. [L. detrimentum, fr.
deterere^ detritum, to wear away ; de -f terere to rub.]
That which injures or causes damage ; harm ; loss.
Syn.— Injury; prejudice; hurt; mischief: harm.
Dtt^-men'tal (-mSnaal), a. Causing detriment.
8yn. — Injurious : hurtful : prejudicial ; pernicious.
Dt-MllOII (d^trlsh'&n), n. A wearing away.
D*-tll'tUi (-tri'ttts), n. [L. : p. p. of deierere.} 1.
A mass of substances worn off from solid bodies by at-
trition, and reduced to small portions. 8. Fragments.
D«-tni8«' (-tn|d'), V. /. [L. dctrudere, -Inuum ; de -f
trudere to thrust.] To thrust down or out.
De-tmn'oate (-trfinnLit), v. t. [L. detrvncare,
-eatum, to cut off ; de -f- truneare to maim, shorten.] To
shorten by cutting ; to lop off. — De'tnm-oa'tioil, n.
De-tnrikni (-trn'xhfin), n. A detruding ; a tlirusting
or driving down or outward. — De-tni'ai¥«, a.
DtntUf (dus), n. [F. deux two, OF. deus^ fr. L. duo.
Bee Twa] 1. Two ; a card or a die with two spots. 2. A
tie In the game of tennis.
"" — l,n. rCf. Armor. cftM phantom.] Devil. [Zoir]
n-9S%-mf (du'tSf-Cg'A-my), n. [Or. acvrepo-
yafua ; Mrt/tot second -f Y^of marriage.] A second
marriage, after the death of the first husband or wife.
Dta'tor-on'o-mT (du'tSr-Sn't-inf ), n.
v6iuo¥; &cvTcpo« -f" »'^»*o« law.]
[Or. Afvrreo-
^ f he fifth book of the
Pentateuch, containing the second giving of the law by
Moees.
Dra-tOKide (-tSks^d or -id), n. [Pref. dent- + oxide.\
A compound containing in the molecule two atoms ox
oxygen united with some other element or radical ; —
usually called dioxide^ or binoxide.
Dvv'lS-tate (dev'a»-tit), v. t. [L. devastare^ 4atum^
to devastate ; de -f veutnre to lay waste, vastus waste.]
To lay waste ; to desolate. — Dev'ls-tA'tor, n.
Syn. — To waste : ravage ; desolate ; plunder ; pillage.
D«T'«»-tatl0Il; n. A <levastating; waste.
Syn. — Desolation ; ravage : havoc ; ruin ; overthrow.
D«-y»l'op (d^v«l'5p), r. /. [F. divelopper; pref. df-
(L. dis-) -f- OF. voluper to envelop.] 1. To free from
that which envelops ; to unfold ; to give forth. 2. To
unfold gradually, as a flower from a bud ; to form by a
process of growth : to chan^ to a higher form of being.
3. To promote the growth of. 4. To change the form of
(an algebraic expression, etc.) by executing certain indi-
cated operations without changing the viUue. 6.. To
cause (an invisible or latent image) to become viaibto
upon a photographic plate.
Syn.— To uncover; unfold; evolve; immiote; pro-
ject : lay open ; disclose ; exhibit ; unravel; disentanirle.
D«-y»l'op-mait, n. [Written also developement.}
1. A developing, disclosing, or gradual unfolding;
growth throuffh a spriea of progressive changes ; devel-
oped state. 2. Series of changes in animsl and veg-
etable organisms in passing from the embryonic state to
maturity. 3. (a) The changing or expanding a mathem^-
ical expression into another of equivalent vuue. (6) The
equivalent expression into which another has been de-
veloped. 4. Elaboration of a musical theme or subject.
DsvelapBsat thsory. doctrine that animals and plants
may pass by succeMive stages from a lower to a higher
state or organisation, and that the higher forms of life
now existing were thus developed by uniform laws from
lower forms, and were not specially created.
Syn. — Unfolding ; disclosure ; evolution ; growth.
De-¥e«t' (-v»8f ), r. t. [L. devestire to undress ; de -f
restire to dress.] 1. To divest ; to undress. 2. To take
away (authority, title, etc.) ; to^ alienate (an estate).
i^" Generally written dive*f, except in the legal sense.
DTVt-ftte (dS^vT-St), r. t. [L. deHare to deviate ; de
4- rifire to go, via way.] To go out of the way ; to
diverge ; to vary. — De'Tl-atloa, n. — DeM-a'tor, n.
Syn. — To swerve ; stray ; digress ; deflect ; err.
Dd-Vloe' (•vis'), n. [F. devis architect's pUn and esti-
mates. See Dbvub, v. /.] 1. Something devised, or
formed by a design ; scheme to deceive ; artifice. 2.
Power of devising ; invention. 3. An heraldic design,
generally consisting of figures with a motto.
Syn. — Dunes ; CoirrRiVANca ; invention ; design ;
scheme ; project ; stratagem ; shift. — Device implies
more of inventive power, contrivance of skill and dex-
terity in execntion. A device refera to sometliing' worked
out for exhibition or show ; a confrirance to the arrange-
ment of things to secure an end. Device is often used in
a bad sense ; contrivance almost always in a good sense.
Der^ (d»VM), n. [AS. ded/ol ; akin to O. teufel, L.
diabolus. Or. 6idpo\ot the devU.] 1. The EvU One ;
Satan, the tempter of mankind. 2. A demon. 3. A
very wicked person. 4. An expletive of surprise, vex-
ation, emphasis, or, inmically, of negation. [Lotr] 6-
A dish broiled and excessively peppered; a grill with
Cayenne pepper. 8. Machine for tearing rags, cotton,
etc. — r. t. 1. To make like a deviL 2. To grill.
Devil's daralag-nssdls, a dragon fly. —The DsvU's tattoo,
a drumming with the fingera or feet. — Printer's dsvll, the
youngest apprentice ancTdrudge of a printing office.
Day^-llsll' (-fTshO, n. {a) A huge ray of the Gulf
of Mexico and Southern Atlantic coasts. (6) A larse
cephalopod ; octopus, (c) The gray whale of the Pacific
coast, (d) The gooseflsh or angler, and allied fishes.
Dvv'll-Uai, a. 1. Resembling, or pertainhig to, the
:tfm, VMtnt, drb, t^d^, fyU, 8n, fdbd, tdbt, out, oil, eliair, so, tins, iQk, thtn, thin.
DEVILISHLY
164
DIAGONALLY
; wlok»d 111 tb« •xtrem*. 1. BitrMne;
[▼e. fCottoy.l — D«¥il-llk47(<»v^l.Iali.m,<Mfff.
8yn. -DUboUoiJ: infernal ; heUiab ; MUnio ; wiokad ;
auuidoiia ; detaaUble ; dMtructive.
D«?^-tnr i'irS), n. DiiOMdioal conduct ; mtoehlci.
Dt^n-OW (dyrt.&ft)« a, [L. deviut; de -\- via w^.1
1. Oat of » ■tnOght line; winding. 2. Going oat of
tbe right courae ; erring. — D«^¥l-0«i-ly, adv.
8yiu— Wandering: roring; rambling; vagrant.
D*-¥to^-«U (dt.Tis'4^. a. ircapabb of being
deriaed or contrived. 2. Capable of being bequeathed.
D^yrtm^{-wW\v.L [OF. <fori«er to diktribate, direct,
relate, I* dividere^ "vUumt to divide.] I. To form iu
the mind ; to oontrive ; to olan. 2. To aobeme for. 3.
To give (real eatate) by will. — v. i. To Mheme.
l^n. — To bequeath; invent; diaoover; oontrive; ex-
cogitate; imagine; plan; aoheme. SeeBBQcmATH.
— n. I. ▲ diapodng of real estate by wilL 2. A wiU
oouf eying real ettate. S. Property given by wilL
DtIi— »(d<va-«y),n. One receiving a deviae.
De-Tto'ar (dt-via^r), n. One who devSea.
D^-wWm (-ir or -tr\ n. One who devlsea, or gives
real estate by will; testator ; — correlative ioderisee.
De-TOld' (-void'). V. t. [OF. desvoidier to empty out. J
To empty out ; to remove, ^a. Destitute.
II D^-TOtr" (d^-vwXrO, n. [F.] Duty ; service owed.
D*-TOlTt' (d#-v5lv'), r. t. & i. [L. derolvere, derotu-
Inm, to roll down ; de -f volvtre to roll.] 1. To roll on-
ward or downward. 2. To pass from one person to another.
De-TOU' (-▼5tQ. V. /. [L. derotere^ -votum ; de +
tovere to vow.] 1. To appropriate by vow ; to conse-
crate ; to do<nn. 2. To give up wholly ; to addict.
Syn. — To addict; apply; dedicate; consecrate; re-
sign ; destine ; doom ; ooiuagn. Bee Addkt.
D*-TOt'ed« a. Consecrated to a purpose; strongly
attached ; sealous ; devout. — De-TOfod-BMB, n.
DtT'O-tM' (d«v/ft-tSO. n. One wholly devoted ; one
superstitiously iriven to religious ceremonies ; a bigot.
u^-'W^nUm (dt-vyshUn), n. 1. A devoting ; conse-
cration. 2. Addiction ; strong affection ; mm ; devout-
ness. S. Act of worship ; prayer. — D^-TOtkMHd, a.
8711. — Consecration ; piety ; attachment ; ardor.
D0-¥OV' (-voorOf v> '• \m- derorare ; dtf + vorare to
eat greedily.] 1. To prey upon. 2. To seise upimgreed-
ny, selfishly, or wantonly ; to swallow up ; to waste. 3.
lx>take in eagerly by the senses. — D*-¥War, «-
Syn.— To consume ; waste ; destroy : annihilate.
Dii-TOnf (-voatOt <>• [L. devotu* devoted, p. p. of
devovere.] 1. Devoted to reliipon or to religtous feel-
ings and duties. 2. Expressing devotion or piety. 3.
Warmly devoted ; heartv ; sincere. — D»-voannM, n.
Syn. — Holy ; pore; pious; earnest; reverent ; sincere.
Iie-TOVfly, adv. 1. In a devout and reverent man-
ner; plou^. 2. Sincerely; sotonnly; earnestly.
D«W (dS), %. [AS. c/^^tr.] Moisture from the at-
mosphere condensed by cool bodies, particularly at night,
^r. t. To moisten, as with dew.
' (-dr5p'), n. A drop of dew.
11 (-T-n«s), n. State of being dewy.
DtwOap' (-IXp^)* n. iDew -f lap to fiok.l Hanging
skin under an ox's neck, which laps the dew in grasing.
DeW'-pollIt' (-point^), n. The temperature at whUih
dew begins to form.
DtW'F (du'j^), a. 1. Pertaining to, resembling, or moist
with, dew. 2. ResemblinR a dew-covered surface.
DtSlcr(d8ks't2r),a. [L.] Pertaining to, or situated
on, tbe right hand ; right, as opposed to tinuter^ or l^
D«S-ttrl-tT (-tSra-t|), f>. [L. dexteritat, fr. dexter.'A
1. lUght-handeaness. 2. Readiness and grace in physical
activity ; skill in managing any difficult affair.
Syn. — Adrottness ; activity ; clevAmeas : art ; address ;
tact; faoflity; aptitude; faculty. See Sxill.
D«S't«r-OIW (-tSr-tts), a. [L. deTter.'\ [Written also
dextrotts.] 1. Ready; handy. 2. Quick at inventing ex-
pedients. 3. SkUlful ; artful. — Dezler-OIM-ly, adv.
DiBlral f dlks^tnil), a. Right, •• opp. to WMUnf, or
DdtllB (-trTn), n. Gummy, amorphoos Mibatanoe,
osed as a substitute for gum, siilng, etc., and obtained
from starch by action of heat, adda, or diastase.
D«S4nr'feal (-ti^sal), 1 a. [L. dtxtrormm^ cootr. fr.
DtHrOCM" (-tiers'), S dexfrovorsum toward the
right side ; dester -|- p. p. of vortere, -varsttm^ to torn.]
Turning from the left to the right, in tbe
ascending line, as in the spiral bicUnation
of the stem of the moming-gl<Nry.
DCEtrOM' (•trSs'). n. A sirupy, or
white crystalline, kind of sugar (so called
from tanning the plane of pohiriiatJon to
the right), occurring in many ripe fruita.
DtSlroai (-trlis), a., etc. Dexterous,
etc.
DtT (dt), n. [Tnrk. dii, orlg., a ma-
temal ancle, then a friendly title for old
peo^] The former governor of Algiers.
n DlMOf'km, II Dbour^ or n Dtar^
(d55i/rA), n. Durra ; Indian miDet.
11 Dhow (dou), n. A coasting v<
ArabU,East Africa, snd the Indian Ocean.
[Also written daw.}
Dl'a-betM (dl'i-bSOSt), n. (NL., fr. Gr. itaMmt,
fr. 6tafialv9Uf to pass over.] A disease attended with ex-
cessive discharge of urine. — Dl'a-IMtIO (-UftTk), a.
n Dla'hto-lte' (dyi^ble-rtn. I "• [F. duMerie, fr. dia-
Dl-«]»a«r-y(dT-Xbn8r-y), \ Ne devU, L. diaMus.}
Sorcery or incantation ; mischief.
Dl'a-bollO (di A-hmTk), \a. fh. diaboticn*.} Per-
Dl'a-bollo^ (-T-kal), j taining to, or like, tbe
devil ; devilish; infernal. - Dfa-bcllo^-ly, adv.
Dl-AO'O-BAl (dt-ik'ft-nal), a. [LL. diaeonalU. See
Dkaoov.] Pertaining to a deacon.
Di-M/O-aate (-ntt), n. Office of a deacon ; a body of
deacons. ^ a. (Governed by deacons.
Dl'a-00aallMl(dI'&-kouBnTksor.k5tetTks),a. [Pref.
di- -f- aeouttie.'\ Philosophy of sound as affected by
passing through different mediums ; — called also </ui-
phonici. — DI%-«aiWllO, a.
Dl'a-attIO (-krUTk), \a. [Or. Ivutp^rue&i, fr. aMi-
Dl'a-QdtlO^ (-T-kai), ( spiMtr todistingaiah ; lU
through + «p6^ir to separate.] Distinguishing; — ap-
plied to marks osed to distinguish letters of similar form,
or different sounds of the same letter, as, i, i, iL 8, 8, etc
Dl'a-dtai (-d«m), n, [Gr. duU^o, fr. UaZtw to Mud
round ; 6ii -f 6«ir to Mnd.] A crown.
Dl-Mf^^rig ) (dt-Sr't-sTs'), »>. [L. diaeretU, Or. h^^ip^^
Dl-tr'*^rig ( v««, f r. &«ip«ir to divide ; lU. + alp*hf
to take.] 1. Separation of one syllable into two ; — op-
posits of tynmrtMit. 2. A mark [ ** ] over the aecond of
two adjacent vowels, denoting that they are to be pro-
noonced as distinct letters; as, eo^pero/e, ofriaL
Dl'gC-aO'feIg (dI/|g.n9'sTs), n. [Gr. iOyvrntris, fr. lim-
rytmom9t¥ tO distinguish ; Ika -f* yvpmaunw to know.]
The discovering disease from ita symptoms, and decid-
ing as to its character ; decision arrived at. 2. Sdentilie
description of a species. 3. Critical scrutiny.
Dl'af-lioalio (-n6stTk), a. Pert, to, or furnishing, a
diagnons. ^ n. Symptom or mark distinguishing one
disease from othen.
fH-ag^O-BAl (dt-ig^-nal), a. TL. diagonaiU. fr. Or. Sc
aywrtoc from angle to angle ; ttn -f ytt¥U angle.] Join-
ing two not adjacent angles of a quadrilateral or multilat-
eral figure ; nmning across from corner 1
to comer, ^n. 1. A right line drawn I
from one angle to another not adjacent,
of a figure of four or more sides, and dl- |
viding it into two parts. 2. A member, _, ....
in a framed structure, running obliquely *■ <>*•«»»•• <'>•
across s paneL 3. A cloth having diagonal stripes or welts
made in the weaving. — Dt-gfo-lial-ly, adv.
i, 8, 1, 8, a, kmg ; ft, fi, 1, tt, «, t» ibort ; asntte, ^ vent, tdea, 6bey, lUdte, oArs, iUm, Ask, ftU, lln«L
DIAGRAM
16S
DICHROISM
[Or. 3utyKMfi|A«, fr^ 3ut-
Yp«^ur to mark out by lines ; Oia + •ypo^tv to dnw,
vrite.] 1. A drawing uiade to illuBtrste a statement, or
. facilitate a demonstration ; a plan. 2. A mechanical
drawing, as dUtinguiahed from an artiatical one.
Dl'af (di'al). ». [LL-dio/w daily, fr.L.<fiM day.] 1.
A graduated plate showing the
time of day by the shadow of
a stvie or gnomon, or by the
hands of a timepiece. 2. A
miner's compass. ^ t*. /. 1.
To measore with a dial. 2. To
sorrey with a dial.
Dl'ft4«et(dI'A.lSkt), ft. [Or.
SciAcKTOff, fr. diaAryevtfcu tO
discoarse. See Dialogue. 1 I.
Means of expressiutf thoagbts ;
language ; tongue. 2.Tlieform
of speech of a limited region or ^., . im-^o...
people; a subdirlsion of a lau- "** *** Tlmeplwse.
guage ; speech charscterixed by local peculiarities.
Syn. — Bee Lakouaob, and Idiom.
Dl^a-ltO'tio (-ISk'ttlc), n. Dialectics.— a. I. Pertain-
ing to dialectics ; logical ; argumental. 2. Pertaining to
dialects. >- Dl'a-leo^tiO-al, n,
Dl^a-lM-tl'fllS]|(-»k-tTah'an),n. Logician; reasoner.
Dfa-UCtlOS (-lIVtTks), n. [L. dialectiea (sc. arg).
Or. liaXtxTtK^ (sc. rtx*^)- J Branch of logic which teaches
ng ; discrimination of truth from error.
Dl'll-filf (-<il-Tng), n. [Written also diaiiing.] 1.
Art of constructing dials; science of measuring time by
diala. 2. A method of sunreyhig whicli determines the
bearings of th3 courses by the oircumferentor.
DWO-Miat (dt-IKd-itst), A. I. A sneaker hi a dia-
lofue. 2. A writer of dialogues. — Dl-U'V-fil'ttO, a.
Dl'Arlei1M(d!'i-I57),«. [Qt. iUkayot.tr. 6taX4yta0ai
to oonrerse, 6U -{- Afyeir to speak.] Conversation be-
tween two or more perdoua.
II m-al^-Ms (dt-li^-sTs), n. [L., separation, fr. Or.
Uikuvtt, h.i*d-\- Avcty to loose.] 1. In grammar, di-
uresis. 2. In rhetoric, asyndeton. 3. In medicine, (<i)
Debility. (6) Separation of parts. 4. The separation of
different chemical subetinces hi scdutlou, by means of
their miequsl diffusion, especially through natural or
arUAcial membranes. — Dl'a-lytio (dPi-ITtnfk), a.
Dl'arfliai-llttlO (dl'A-ml^-nfit^k), a. Pertaining to,
or exhibiting, diamiffnetism. — n. Auy snbst^uice, as bis-
muth, glass, phoapliorus, etc., differently affacted from
ordintfy magnetic bodies, as iron ; that is, which teuds
to take a position at right angles to the lines of magnetic
force, and is repelled by either pole of the magnet.
Dl'A-IIUIg^at-Uia (•mX;'nSt-Tx*m), n. 1. Science of
diamagnetio phenomena and properties of dianiaguetic
bodies. 2. Action characterisiug dlam^((netica.
Dl-aai'«-t«r (-Im1-t2r), n, [Or. atA^crpoc ; 6U^it.i-
Tpor measure.] 1. {a) Auy right line piss-
ing through tii» center of a figure or body,
as a circle, conic section, sphere, cube, etc.,
and terminated by the opposite boundaries ;
a straight line bisecting a system of parallel
chords driwn in a curve. (6) A diametral
plane. 2. Width ; thickness. — Dl-«lll'«- aa Diameter.
M'Mtmo (dr4.m«t'rTk), ) a. X. Pertaining to a
Dl'a-mtf Il04a (-rTkal). f diameter; diam- /v
etraL 2. As remote as possible. — Dl'a-IIMt'tlo- /\
•l-lT,arfr. / \
Dra-aoad (di'A-mlind or dFmlind), n. [F. dia- \ /
mant, corrupted fr. L. ndanui*, the hvdest iron, \ /
diamond. Or. ado^of. See Adamaht.] 1. A pre- V
doos stone,excelIin<; in brilliancy,and the hardest Hia-
snbstence known. Itis native carbon in isometric ^J*^
crystals. 2. A geometrical figure,cons{8ting of four
equal straight lines, and having two of the interior angles
acute and two obtuse ; rhombus ; lozenge. 3. One of A
suit of playing cards, stamped with tlie figure of a dia-
mond. 4. The infield at baseball. 6. The snuOleet type
commonly used in English printing.
at*" Thia lis* la prlntad l> the ljrp« «aU«d Diamoiip.
Dl'a-ptt'MB (dl'A-pi'sSn), n. [Or. auurooM^ ; 60. -^
vcaiwj gen. pL of vac alLj 1. The octave, or interval
hicluding all the tones of the diatonic scale. 2. Concord ;
harmony. 8. A stop in the organ.
Dl'a-pcr (di'&-p8r), n. [OF. dinspre^ diapre, figured
cloth, L. jatpU a green-colored precious stone. See Jas-
psa.] 1. A textile fabric (esp. linen or cotton toweling)
woven in diaper pattern. See 2. 2. Surface decoration
which consists of the repetition of one or more simple fig-
ures evenly spaced. 3. A towel or napkin. 4. An in-
fant's breechcloth. — v. t. 1. To ornament (cloth, etc. )
with figures arranged in the pattern called diH>er. 2.
To put a diaper on (a child).
m-Apll'a-llOW (dt-U'&-n&s), a. [Or. 5i«t^av4«, fr. &-
o^oirtiy to ahow or ahine through ; ltd -j- ^yciy to ahow,
to ahine.] Allowing light to pass through : tranaluoent ;
peUneid ; clear. --Dfa-plUl-Ml-ty (-iiHaVl^), n.
Dl/ft-plioalo (dFA-fSnTk), WtL-^biUk'ML, a, [Or.
itd + ^Hf sound, tone.] Diacoustic.
Df/g.plUMiliMI (-Tks), n. DiacousticSi
II Dl'a-pllO-rf^ (-(^-rS'sTs), n. [Or. ltm^6fitKns, fr.
luii^opti¥ to carry through, to throw off by perspiratton ;
ita + ^op€ir to carry.] Perspiration.
DI'A-pllV-rtt^ (-ritTk), a. Promoting perspiration.
— n. Amedicine to increase insensible perspiration.
W^-Jikngm (-frlm), n. [Or. aui^ay^ic, fr. i*d -h
^poyrvi^ to incloee.] 1. A dividins membrane. 2. Mus-
culo partition separating chest and abdomen ; midriff.
IM'a-ltet (-rTst), M. One who keeps a diary.
Dl'ar-llM'a \ (dfarryf). n. [Or. auLipoca, fr. 6id -f
Dl'ar-rlUi'a f ocu' to flow.l M orbidlv profuse dis-
charge from the intesthies. — fH'tf-llM'al, Dl'ar-rlUi'-
•1, Dl'tf-rlMtlo (ritlk), Dl'ar-rlicrtlo, a.
Dl'a-ry (-A-rj^), n. [L. diarium, fr. dies day.] A
register of oaUy events ; journal.
Dl'a-«UM (-stis), n. [Or. SiMreurtis separation, fr.
6ta -\- vrtfyoA, loroMot, to set.] A nitrogenous ferment,
converting starch and dextrin into sugar.
II Di-MtO-le (dt-Ss't^-19), n. [Or. iiannok^, fr. iU +
oT^AAcu' to place.] 1. The rhythmical expansion of the
heart and arteries ; — correl. to systole^ contraction. 2.
A grammatical figure which lengthens a short syllable.
II Dl-ath'^^riS (-Ith'«-«Ts). n. [Or. ii60tins, fr. itd -h
TtBirai to place.] Bodily condition predijmoaing to par-
tlcuhur diseases. — Dl'a-tlMtIO (dl'A-th8tak), a.
Dl'a-tUlflO (d!'A-tlh/Tk), a. fOr. ataroftictic, 6tarorof ,
fr. 6iaT9wtiv to stretch out ; 6ta -f- rtivtiv to stretch.]
Pertaining to the musical scale of eight tonea, the eighth
of which Is the octave of the first.
Dfa-trtlM (-trfb), n. [Or. Siarei/Si), fr. 3iaTpi^«tv to
rub away, spend time ; 6U -{- roifittv to rub.] A pro-
longed discussion : strain of abusive langnaffe ; philippic.
Dl-lNl'lto (dt-bi'slk), a. [Pref. di- -f baste.-] .
Having two i ' ' * *
basic atoms o
tor dip I
anglinff. <
holes in (soil) with 'a dibble, for planting. -
A pointed implement to make holes in the ground Dibble.
in which to set out plants or to plant seeds.
IMoe (dis), n. ; pt. of Dn. Small cubes with num-
bered siden ; a game played with them. ^ ymrri y^Vi
r. i. 1. To play games wltli dice. 2. To ^•^ r^fi
ornament with dio«>. — Dl'OOT, n. 5 •kJ t*tB/
Di'Ohro-lsm (dincr^-tx'm), n. [Or. ^ — ^ «-a^
6(\pooc two-colored ; 6i- = iit + XP^* ***
color.] Property of presenting different colors by trans-
mitted light, when viewed in two different directions.
fSro, reoenl, Orb, r|}de, f^ll, llm, f«rod, fon>t, out, oil, eliair, go, sinK, iQk, Chen, thin.
DICHROMATIC
166
DIGEST
Dt/OhrO-BUlt^ (dFkrft-mSt^), a. [Pref. di- + chro-
matic,] 1. Having two colon. 2. Having two color
varietieK or phases differing in color, independently of
sge or sex, as in certain birds and insects.
DielkfmM (dTlc'Sns), n. or interj. [Perh. contr. of the
dim. devUkinji.} The devil. [A vulgar eupbemism.l
Di0k'«r (-3r), n. [Akin to Icel. dekr, Q. decker;
prob. fr. LL. dacra the number ten, L. decern tenj A
chaffering or exchange. — r. <. & /. To barter. [U. S.]
Dlok'ty ) (-]^), n. 1. A servant's seat behind a car-
IMok^ ) riage. 2. A false shirt bosom or collar.
DiOlate (dTk'tSt), r. /. [L. dietare^ 4atum, freq. of
dicere to sa^.] 1. To utter so that another may write
down. 2. To say ; to deliver (a command) to a subor-
dinate ; to declare with authority ; to impose.
Syn. — To suggest; prescribe; enjoin; command;
point out; uive ; admonish.
^ r. i. 1. To speak as a superior ; to impose condi-
tions. 2. To tell what shall be written or said by an-
other, ^fi. An order ; authoritative rule or maxim.
8yn. — Command : injunction ; direction ; impulse.
DlO-tAlkni (-ti^shftn), n. A dictating or prescribing ;
thst which is dictated.
DlO-tA^or (-tSr), n. [L.] 1. One who prescribes
rules for direction of others. 2- One hivested with ab-
solute authority. — Dio-U'tor-flhip, n.
DlO'ta-tO^-Al (dTk'tirtS'rT-al), a. 1, Absolute. 2.
Dogmatical; overbearing. — Dio'ta-tO^-fll-ly, acfr.
Dio-tatr«M (-tsar«s), Dlo-Utrlz, n. A woman who
dictates.
DlO'tlon (dTk'shOn), n. [L. dictio. fr. dicere, dictum,
to say.] Choice of words to express ideas ; lani^age.
Stu. — DiCTioH ; 8ttlb ; Phbasboloot. — Style relates
both to language and thought ; diction, to language only ;
phrtueology, to the mechanical structure of sentences.
Dl(Ktion-ft-ry (-t-rj^), n. 1. A book containing the
words of a language, arranged alphabetically, with ex-
planations of their meanings ; a lexicon ; vocabulary ;
wordbook. 2. A book containing words belonging to
Huiy f-rOn^irnt- r>* knoirrl, d^r, r.TTinEERd alphabetically.
11 DlO'tUn l-tOiu), », ; pf. L- Eh(TA 4 tAl, E. DlCTUMS
(-ttlma). [L,J L An fcutJiorlti vi' ^Litt inent. 2. («)
A judkJal optnlou eipre^ued by Judt^p^ ^n points not
netiesiuHly iiitDlv^J h» a eve. |^j^} An nwjird.
m4(-niK ifttp, of Do.
Dl-daoTio {fii'mk'Vfk), \ a. [Or ii&tutjucoi, fr. iiU-
Dl-dat^B^Al ( tl'IcaJ), ( (FKti^ ti» h'jicb.] Fitted
Xq tfr*rh ; liiJ*tnirtiv<j, — D|^4mq''tl«'ftl'lf h tdv.
Dldlt (lildflt), ^/ pert, tin^^ imp. of Do,
Ota ill », i\ ^ [ftitfl^ Jfr p. p. nntn (ilTd) : p.pr.A vb.
in. I>Ti>rr.i [OF., tfrfjf^. ift>v. i*f i^cM\A nrLgin.J 1. To
pass Iruui Mi BHiiiutiU ttj u Jiltk-ai tuu , lo cease to I've ;
to expire ; to perisli. 2. To cease ; to become extinct ;
to be extinguished. 3. To faint ; to languish, with weak-
ness, discouragement, love, etc 4. To become iudiffer-
eu(. 6. To recede and grow fainter ; to vanish. .
Syn. — To expire ; decease : perish ; depart ; vanish.
Dto, n. ; /rf., in 1, Dic« (dis) ; in 2 & 3, Dibs (dix). [F.
r//, f r. L. dattu friven, thrown, p. p. of dare to give, throw.
Bee Datb point of time.] 1. A nnall numbered cube,
used in gaming. See Dies. 2. That part of a pedestal
between base and cornice; dado. 3. A metal block,
stamp, or plate, for punching holes, forming screw threads
on bolts, etc.
I< m-afft-Bll (dt-Sr'^-sTs). n. [NL.] Ditpresis.
Dl'et (dl'St), n. [Or. iiatra manner of living.] 1.
What is eaten and drunk habitually ; food ; fare. 2. A
course of food adapted to a particular state of health.
^r. t. &i. To feed sparinirly. or by prescribed rules.
Dl'at, n. [LL. dieta, dioeta, sn assembly, a day*8
J'Mirney ; L. diet day.] A legislative assembly In Oer-
many, Poland, and other Eunipean countries*; council.
Dl'et-a-ry (-t-rj^), n. PertainiuK to diet or rules of
diet. ^n. A rule of diet ; fixed allowance of food.
Dl'«-t«t1« (d!'»-tetnrks). n. Medical or hysioiie art
of diet ; rules for diet. —iHf-Urto, Dl'O-tot'&Al, a.
Dtfltr (dIffSr), r. i. [L. differre ; di/- = dis -\-/erre
to bear, carry.] 1. To be or stand apwrt ; to disagree ;
to be distinguished. 2. To quarrel ; to dispata.
8yn . - To rr— ^'^-■Tr^f : rli^s^nt Mlispute ; contend ;
opi»M-.t?i wrmnUi' - Til turf KK« ITU, DiFFEaFaoM. Both
(O^uf frtuf ttud diff^tT vtlh are iiaed of opinions ; aa, ** 1
diji^ r from yini OT With ycHi Lti that opixufm.** In caaea
exiT-'^flfriiT ftiiutiU' imllkenMSt di^rr from is used.
Dirtttr «DGe, **. 1. A ditr«ri]iK ; state or measure of
be i 1 1 u 4j 1 1 1 i IK >' , U iivtinf UoH ; mrLsl ion. 2. Disagreement
in-' qiunTpl L itsntt+'r hiroiir.roversy. 3. Mark of
di ; >'t'<i^t:tncuUi i^^nli^. 4 The quantity by which
one quantity differs from another ; remainder left after
subtracting one from the otlier. ^ r. t. To distinguish.
Syn. — Distinction ; disshnilarity : dissimilitude ; vari-
ation; diversity; variety; contrariety; disagreement;
contention ; dispute ; quarrel ; wrangle ; strife.
DII1«r-eitt (-eut), a. [L. different^ -eittiiA 1. Di»>
tinct ; separate ; not the same ; other. 2. Unlike ; dis-
similar. — Dttftr-ent-ly, adv.
Dll'f8r-«n'tial (-en'shal), a. 1. ReUting to or indica-
ting a difference ; discriminating ; spedaL 2. Pertaining
to a (mathematical) differential, ^n. An increment, usn-
ally an indefinitely small one, given to a variable quantity.
DlMer-«l^-ftte (-shT-it), r. t. 1. To distinguish ; to
specialize. 2. To discriminate. 3. To obtain the differ-
ential, or differential coefficient, of (an algebraic expree-
sion, equation, etc.). — r. i. To acquire a distinct and
separate character. — DIf 'f8r-«n'ti-atl0Il, n.
DtfU-evlt (dTrnr-kCUt), a, l. Hard to do or to make ;
not easy. 2. Hard to manage or to please ; austere ;
stubborn. — DIf fl-cillt-ly, adv.
8yn. — Arduous ; painful ; crabbed ; peralexed ; labo-
rious ; unaccommodating ; troublesome. See Abodoto.
Dlftl-cal-ty C-ktil-ty), n. [L. difficuUas, fr. dijfficilis
difficult ; di/- = di* -^facili* easy.] 1. The being diffi-
cult, or hard to do. 2. An obstacle ; impediment. 3.
A controversy ; objection. 4. Embarrassment of affairs.
Syn. — Embarrassment ; perplexity ; exigency ; dis-
tress ; trouble ; trial ; objection ; cavil. See iMrEDiMBirr.
DII'fl-d«Boe (-dnis), n. A behig diffident; want of
confidence : lack of self-reliance ; modest reserve.
Syn. — Distrust ; suspicion ; doubt ; fear ; timidity ;
hesitation. See HimiLiTT, and BASHruLirass.
Dlffl-dentt a. [L. diffident, -entis, p. pr. of diffhlere ;
di/-=:dijh -j- ridere to trust.] Wanting confidence;
timid. — Dlffl-d«m-l7, adr.
Syn. — Distrustful ; suspicious ; modest ; bashful.
DU-fllse' (fux'), r. t. [L. diffundert, -/ufurn, to
diffuse ; di/- = du- -\- /undere to pour. See Fuse to
melt.] To pour out and cause to spread in all directions.
Syn. — To expand : spread ; circulate ; extend ; scat-
ter ; disperse ; disseminate ; publish ; proclaim.
Dtt-fnse' (-fusO, a. Poured out ; widely spread ; copi-
ous. — Dtf-foaely, adv. — Dtf-fnse'taaM, n.
Syn. — Verbose ; copious ; full. See Pboux.
Dll-fa'si-bl« (-fu'zT-bl), n. Capable of spreading. ~
Dlf-fii'Bl-1»to-n6Mh Dtf-fnil-ba'i-ty, n.
Dtf-fn'lkm (-zhtln), n. A diffusing, or being diffused.
Syn. — Extension ; spread ; propagation ; circulation.
DIf-ta'lhrt (-sTv), a. Spreading every way by flow-
imr. — Dlf-fll'stT»-lT, adv. — Wt-WwiW-nmB, n.
Dig (dig), r. t. & i. limp. & p. p. Duo (dttg) or
DiooBD (dTgd) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Dioonie.] 1. To turn
up (earth) with a spade or hoe. 2. To get or form by
digging. 3. To work like a digger ; to study ploddingly
and Uboriously. [Cant^ U. .<?.] — n. 1. A thrust ; pdie.
2. A plodding student. [Cant, V. 5.]
Di-Saill'ma (dt.gi(m'm&), n. A letter (F, p) of the
Oreek alphabet, which early fell into disuse.
Di-gest' (dT-j«8tO, r. t. [L. digerere, -gestum ; di- =
dig- 4- gererc to carry, wear.] 1. To distribute method-
ieally ; to classify. 2. To separate (food), in its passage
through the alimentary canal, for conversion faito blood.
S, S, t, 6, a, long ; A, fi, 1, 6, a, f, short ; seuAt<;, dvent, tdea, 6bey, dnite, okn, iirm, Aak, ||11, flnoL
DIGEST
167
DIM
3. To reduce to apian or method. 4. To bear patiently,
"•r. i, 1. To undergo diffeatioD. 2. To auppurate.
DFfWt (di'jSst), n. [L digetlum^ ph digesta^ neat.,
fr. digesiuiy p. p.] That which ia digested and arranged ;
% compilation of statute* ; samtnary of laws.
m-ffwror. IM-CWf or (dl.iSet^r), n. 1. One who
digeeta. a. A medidne or food that aids digestion. 3.
A eloeed ▼eieel, for heating and softening bones, etc.
DI-gMrtl-ttU (-T-b*!), a. Capable of being digested. —
IMjmrtl-llto-iiMM, Di gB8ll Mil tr. ».
A digesting; olasslfit'atiofi ; thoujfhtful cuusidtinLCiaM.
2. Conversion of foo<L, to Cha utoriiacb mid ititeatmej),
into products
capable of being
absorbed by the
blood. 3. Gen-
eration of pus ;
suppuration.
Di-C0St'lTe
(-JSetOr), a. Per-
taining to dige*>
tion; cauafaig or
promoting diges-
tion.—n. A food
or medicine which
aids digestion.
Mfssttve apMratUB, I
organs of food digeati^iti, i
esp. the alimentary ciiiaL *^
and glands oonnne>ct«d
with it.
Dfaeriptiom t^ JUuairnfinn T
a Eiophscns; 5 Cardiac ind
of ■toRMch ( c ^lorie nnX at
■Comaeh t d Doodenum i */
Convolution* of Hnall I » Eve-
line* i g Cc«am ; it* Vermi- rfiv
form Append*^ of Cvc u m ; J ^
k Awenoing Colon ; i TnirmFtrw Cnloti j
tDcaecndioK Colon t f i^ixmonj Flcvurr ;
M Reetam j n Anu* ; o o \^;ht:* .if r,ivirr,
miacd snd turned back ; i< Ki^pntic- Dure ;
^Cyatie Duet : r Osll Biid^Jt^rF * drrt-
non Bile Duet 1 1 Panerei>' % m PiaFtervKnc .r^
Duet, entering the duoi]<' 11 mil wlUi the Diiii-^Tkffiitic flifnre
common bile duct. "f i>V'^*nv,' i ^^^-.vu*
Wg'IW (dVg«r). n. 0.« tluit t^^'^:'' '^""
digs.
Dlgtt (dit), e. /. [AS. dihtmiA To wJora. [A rchmc]
Dlflt (dTjat), a. [L. digitnjt flni^tir.') 1. A Jla^^^r or
toe. a. A Anger's breAdtli, thrpe faurthii a( nn indi.
3. Oae of the ten flvurt^t. \\ 1, 'J. 3, 4, 5, ti, 7, 8, D. ■-%.
pressing numbers. C ^hi*' iwHUh v»rt uf the diaiuei. r
of the sun or moon. — Dlg'l tilt *^-
DICl-tate (dljl-ttt K IHgl-ta tod, n. [L. diffiiat'M
baring fhogers.! HariiiE? k^iit'^U
arranged, Uke the fliiirom ai x\w
hand, at the extremity of a stniu
or petiole ; characteiri/«'<t by digl-
tation. -Dtfi-U'tlcm. n
[L. dtaUug-\'ffradito Kt>p, vr*!!.]
walkingon the toes. — n. Ahiul-
imal that walks on Ha loei^ m tU«i
cat, lion, wolf, etc. ; ^ dLntirt-
guiabedfroma/>/an/f^r'i«if, urhi li t^ .. . , *
walks on the piUfi of t hP f-v>t. rHnuii- l^^af
Wg^fy (dlg'nl-r ^ r. /. [Or. ffifjniprr. fr. L, rf-V/-
»M worthy 4- /<?«rf [m n^mp.)* farrrf %q tiiJike.] Jo
inrest with dignity or hnimr ;; to niAke ULuatriQii!^
Byn* — To exalt ; <*l<''¥ati»t iu|TW)r«>T honor ; cmioblp,
Dlf^-ta-ry (-ti-rjn i». [F. di^mtnirf, fr. L, dhjni-
UttA One of exalted rHukt ponititm, of hortoF.
InC'lll-ty (-tV), n. [OF. ihrrnftf', U itiffnitnt, U. ttih
awjr.l 1. The being wnrtliy or hoiinrnble ; tih-vathin] if
mind or character. 3. EleTitioni ; frrnntlenr, 3. KJ*;-
rated rank ; high office ; preferment. 4. Loftiness and
grace : stateliness. 6. Oue of high rank ; a dignitary.
Syn. — Bee DacoRVM.
Di'grapll (di'gr4t)« **• [Gi*. Bi- = 6C% twice -{- ypo^if
a writing, ypoj^cty to write.] Two characters oomoiued
to express a single sound ; as 0a in head, or th in bath.
Dl-CXaw' (d^grSsOt V. i. [L. digredi, -ffreuus. to de-
ThOe ; di- = dis- -j- gradi to walk.] To turn aside ; to
dcTiate ; to swerve.— Di-nMKllon, n.— Dl-grw'gloIHa
(•<zl), Dl-gT«Wl¥«, a. —Dl-CXOWiTe-ly, adv.
Dikt (Uik), n. [AB. die ; akiu to D. dtjVI; dike.] 1. A
ditch. 2. An embankment to prevent inundation ; levre.
^v. t. To surround, secure, or drain by a dike or ditch.
Dl-Upn-4Ate (dT.lipa-dSt), r. /. [L. dilapidare to scat-
ter like stones ; di- = dU- 4- lapidare to throw stones,
fr. lapit a stone.] To bring into decay by misuse or
through neglect ; to waste. ^ r. i. To get out of repair ;
to become decayed. — Di-Up^i-4All0ll, n.
Dl-Ut'a-ble (•IFtA-bn), a. Capable of expansion ;
that may be dilated ; — opposed to eorUraetible.
Dtl'a-tallOII (dTVA-ti'sh&n), n. I. A dikting ; ex-
pension. 2. An enlargement of a physical organ.
Dl-lftto' (dT-litO, V. t. & i. [L. dilatare.'\ To expand ; to
distend ; to swell ; — opposed to contract. — Dl-lAlknit a.
Syn. — To expand ; swell ; distend ; expatUte.
In-Uf or, n. 1. One that widens or expands. 2. A
muscle tlMt dilates any jMut.
Dtl'a-t«-ry (dli'^-tlT-ry ), a. [L. dOatorius, fr. dUator
a delsyer, f r. dilatus, used as p. p. of differrt to defer, de-
lay.] 1. Inclined to defer or put off what ought to be
done At once ; given to procrasthiation. 2. Tardy ; slow.
— Dll'a-to-rl-ly, adv. — DU'a-to-rl-iiMs. n.
Syn. — Slow ; delaying ; sluggish ; inactive ; loitering ;
behindhand ; backward : procrastinating. See Slow.
Dl-ltm'kBa (dMSm'mA), n. [L. ; Or. £(Ai)^/umi; ii- =
lit twice + Xofifidtftiy to take. See Lemma.] 1. An ar-
gument wtdch presents an antagonist with two or more
alternatives, but is equally conclave against him, which-
ever alternative he chooses. 2. A vexatious predicament.
DU'at-ttBt' (dTl'et-tlntO. a. & n. Amateur.
II Dtl'at-Uui'to (dTl'«t.tJ(n'tt or dt'ltt-tAn^), n. ; pi.
DiunTANTi (-tl). [It., fr. L. deledare to delight] A
lover of the fine arts ; an amateur who follows an art or
branch of knowledge for amusement only.
Dlll-Ctnoe (dlia-j^ms), n. [F. ; L. diligentia.'\ The
befnff dlTitfont ; careful attention ; — opp. of negHqence.
Hjn. J>tijosNca; Industbt: attention; assiduity;
sediiJou«ik<-^- ; earnestness : constancy ; heed ; care ; cau-
tion, hi > try impli«>n habitual devotion to labor for
so^ . , V : ' . ' ) end. Diligence denotes application to some
spc^c ...Lt which has a strong hold on one*s interests.
II Dl^-gMloe' (d^^ll-zh&Ks'), n. French stagecoach.
DUl-jnnt (dTlT-jent), a. [F. ; L. diligem, -entis, p.
pr. of duiaere, -Jectitm, to prefer ; di- = rfti- -f legere to
chooae.1 1. Prosfionted with careful effort ; painstaking ;
not negligent. 2. Interestedly and perseveringly atten-
tive ; earnest in application. — Dill-KMIt-ly, adr.
Syn. — Active : assiduous ; sedulous ; laborious.
imi (dTl), n. [AS. dile ; aUn to D. & O. dille.^ An
herb bearing warming, pungent, and aromatic seeds.
DUIy-daiay (diny^xriy), v. i. To loiter or trifle.
Dil^-«nt (-ttw^t), a. [L. diiueiu, p. pr. of dituere.
See DiLun.] Diluting ; making thinner or weaker by
admixture, e«p. of water. — n. That which dilutes.
Di-lvto' (dflutO, v.t.&i. [L. diluere, 4utum, to wash
awav, dilute ; di- = dis- + luere^ equlv. to lavare to
wash, lave.] 1. To thin by mixture with something ; to
weaken, —a. Diluted : thin ; w^ak. — Dl-lll'tioil. n.
Di-lQ'Tl-Al (-lu'vYwyl), Dl-lnM-All. a. [L. diiuH^ttiM,
fr. diluvium.'] 1. Pertaining to a flood, esp. to the deluge
in Noah*s time. 2. Effected by a deluge.
Di-lnM-lllll (-Bm), n. [L.] Deposit of loam, sand,
etc., caused by action of water or glacial toe.
Dim (dim), a. [AS.] 1. Not bright or clear; in-
distinct. 2. Of obscure vision or weak perception.
ftm, recent, Arb, ryde, fyll, llm, food, f«A>t, out, oil, cliair, fo, sinip, i||k, tben, Uiin,
DIM
168
DIRECT
Dim (dTm), «. <• 1. To render dim ; to obeoure ; to
acUpw. i. To darken the aeneea of. ^v.i. To grow dim.
Sblli (dim), n. [F. (fCm« tithe, fr.L.<{eeem ten.] kail-
rer ooin of the United States, worth 10 cents.
Di-IBMl'tiM (dl-mSn^ahtiiOt »• U^ dimentio ; dif =
dU- 4- me<^ to meeenre.] 1. Measure in a single line ;
extension. 2. Sxtent; scope; importance.
m-mia'l-At* (-mTdT-tt), a. [L. dimidiare, ^tum, to
halre, fr. dimidiu* half.] Divided into two equal parts.
Dl-mlllllll (-mlnlsh), r. t. [Pref. di- (= L. du-) +
minish,"} 1. To make smaller ; — opp. to augment or tn-
crease, 2. To lessen the authority or dimity of; to
weaken. 3. To make smaller by a half step ; to make
(a musical interval) less than minor. 4. To take away ;
to sabtraot. ^ r. «. To lessen.
Hjn. — To abate ; reduce ; contract. See DicmiAsa.
Dl4yB'n-«n'dO (dT-niTn'tt-«n'dft ; Jt dl.mt/u0&-ftn'.
d^), adv. Tit, p. pr. of diminuire to di-
minish.] In a gr ad u all V diminishing "" m
manner ; with abatement of tone, decre-
soendo;~expressed on the staff by Diinlnaendo.
Dim.^ or Dt'mtn., or the sign.
IMlBl-llll'tklll (dlml-nS'shOn), n. I. A diminishing,
or making or becoming less ; — opp. to augmeniatUm or
increase, 2. Degradation; abasement.
DI-miB^tt¥« (dT-mTn'tt-tTv), a. 1. Below the arer-
age sise; little. 2. Expresdng diminutl<m.^n. 1. A
small or iusignifloant thing. 2. A derivative from a noun,
denotinff a small or young object.— I>i>mlB'a-tlT«4y,
adv. — Dl4llll^ttV«-lliM, n.
DtmOMlMT (dTmas^.rt), a. [L. dimiMorUu; di-
=r di*- 4- fnittere to send.] toiding away ; dismissing to
another Jurisdiction ; allowing, or granting, to depart
Dftnl-ty (-T-tj^), n. [Or. ai^tToc ;U--=iU9-\- iilTttt a
thread of the warp.] Cotton cloth, plain or twilled.
DtnlT, adv. In a dim or obscure manner.
Dtm'lllUll (-mTsh), a. Somewhat dim.
Dftn'BaMf n. 1. The being dim ; obscurity. 2. Dull-
ness of vision or of intellectual peroepti(ni.
Syn. — Darkness : obscurity ; gloom. See DABXHise.
INIIIonh' (di'm6rfO« n. [Gr. 6inofi^ two-formed ;
6i« 4- MOp^ form.] Either one of two distinct forms of
a substance. — Dl-mor'plllo, Di-mOT'lpllOlW, a. — Dt-
aiOI'l^Illiai (-mdrfTt^m), n.
DIa'Pto (dTmVl)t »• [Prob. a nasalised dim. of dip.]
A slight natural depression on the surface of the body,
esp. cm the cheek or chin. -^v. t, & i. To form dimples.
jMh (din), n. [AS. dyne^ dyn ; dynian to resound.]
Loud, confused, harsh noise. ^ t<. t. A i. To clamor.
Dint (din), r. i. [F. dtner, LL. dUnare ; di»- -\- L. je-
Jnnare, ir.jejunui fasting.] To eat the principal regu-
lar meal of the day. — v. t. To give a dinner to ; to feed.
DlBg (dTng). v.t.&i. [Akin to AS. dencgan to knock. ]
To sound or ring ; to clang, ^n. A thump or stroke,
esp. of a beU.
ulnc'dOllg' (dTng^dSngOf n. Sound of repeated
strokes on abell, etc ; a monotonous sound.
Dln'iay (dTn'gf ), Dtn'gy, Dln'Chjr, n. [Bengalee
dingi.} 1. A boat used in the East fndiea. [Written
also dmghevA 2. A shines smallest boat
Dln'na (dtn'gn), n. TEtym. uncertain.] Small delL
Dln'sy (dTn'J>), a. [Wob. fr. dung,] SoUed; sul-
lied ; dark brown ; dirty. —Dlll'gl-lieBS, n.
DinlMr (-nSr), n. [F. diner, fr. dtner to dine.1 1.
Principal meal of the day. 2. An entertainment ; feast
Dlat (dTnt), n. [AS. dyn/.] I. Blark left by a blow ;
dent. 2. Force ; power. ^ v, t. To dent.
Di^M'^-MUl (dt-oa'l-san or di'6-«S'Mm), a. Pertain-
ing to a diocese.— n. 1. A bishop, viewed in relation
to bis diocese. 2. pi. Clergy or people of a diocese.
Dl'O-oeM ((^T^-sSs), n. [L. dioecfHs, fr. Or. BuU-
in^o^. fr. dtouccZv to keep house, msnv** ; Bid through -f
oUtlv to manage a household, oucik hous*'.] District in
which a bishop exercises ecclesiastical authority.
UfP^Mo (dt.9p^Tk^ I €
iitemrpudt pert to
tmrpm mstnuneut for
Di^llto4l (-tVl-kol j; i ^ the lUmrpm, i
taking altitudes ; A»- z= 5ti through -f- root of it^aiAai I
shall see.] Psrtaining to dioptrics ; refractive.
Dl-^l/trtos (-trTks), n, [Or. r4 iunrrfHui,} Soienoa
of the refraction of U|^t ; — distinguished from coicp-
tricM, which refers to refieiiitd light
Dt'O-n'kBa (dl^6-riif mf), n, [Or. auMoy to see through \
6i- = 2U 4- i^ to see.] An exhibition of a painting
through a laxge opening, with oontrlvanoas for produdnff
scMiic affect
Di-OEidt (dt-8ks^d or -Id), n. An oxide containing
two atoms of oxygen in each molecule ; Unoxide.
Dip (dip), r. /. \imp. &P'P' Dippbd (dipt) or Dm ;
p. pr. & vh. n. Dimm*.] fAS. dwpan ; akin to depftn
to baptise, and to E. dire.] 1. To plunge or immerse ;
to hosert into a fluid and withdraw again. 2. To bap-
tise by immersion. 3. To take out, by dipping a dipper,
ladle, etc., into a fluid and removing a part— r. i.
1. To immerse one*sself in a liquid ; to sink. 2. To
plunge a dipper, ladle, etc, into a liquid or soft substance
and remove a part 3. To penetrate. 4. To enter
slightlv ; — followed bv in or into. 6. To incline dovm*
ward from the plane of the horixon. — f*. 1. A dipping
into a liquid. 2. Inclination downward ; slope ; pftcli.
a A dipped candle [CoUoq.}
DiBl^tlld^-ft (dTf-thS'rTi or dip-), n. [iTL., fr. Or.
gi^wptt leather (hence, membrane).] A dangerous con-
tsgious disease in which the air passages, esp. the throat,
bc«ome coated with a false membrane. — Dinh-tlM^-Al,
Disll-thafiO (-thSrnrk), Dtpiltht-ritlO (thi-rTt^), a.
D&>lltlMIII|r (dTfthSog or dTp"-),!!. [Or. ac^fcyyw ;
& = ^ + ^^^(yysv sound.] (a) A union of two vowel
sounds in one syllable ; as, oi In noise ; — a proper diph-
thong, (b) A vowel diograph ; union of two vowela, <mly
one of them being soimded ; as, fo in people ; — an tm-
proper diphthong. --'Dith-tlum'gtl (-thOQ'gol), Dipll-
Di-^(/BUl (df-plS'mi), n. [Or. aivWa, fr. Siwkow
to douDle. ] A writing conferring some privilege or power ;
document attesting a degree conferred.
Di-plo'nui-Oir (-£j^)» n. [F. diplomatie.} 1. The coo.
ducting negotiations between nationa. 2. Skill in Mour-
Ing advantages ; tact [diplomatist I
DlplO-BIAt (dTpnft-mlt), Dipa»ai«tt (-mit), n. A |
Dip'lO-BUIt'lO (-roltTk), la. 1. Pertaining to dinlo-
DiplO-BUltrio>ll (-T-ktfl), f macy ; relatlnglo Uie for-
eign ministers at a court called the diplomatic body.
2. Dexterous; artful. 3. Pertaining to diplomatics.
Dip^lO-BAtlOt (-Tks), n. Science of diplomas, or art
of deciphering ancient writings ; paleogn^hy.
Di-plO'BlA-tist (dT-piymA-tTet), n. One employed in,
or skilled in, diplomacy ; a diplomat
Dip^por (dTp^pir), n. 1. (hie that dips; a ladle. 2.
A water bird of several kinds.
Dip^tO-auKlli-a (-sd-mTnl-A), i». [NL., fr. Or. «i^
thirst + iiayU mania.] Morbid craving for aloohoUc
liquors. — Dip^aO-BUI'lll-ao, n.
II Dlpn«-im (-tt-r&), n. pi. [NL., fr. Or. iiarrtpot with
two wings, 6t- = Hk 4- srvt pir
feather, wing.] An order of in>
sects hsving only two func-(
tional wings and two balancers,
as the house fly, mosquito, etc.
— Dip^ter-an, n. — Dip^tir-
DiptMT-Al (wil), a. 1. Hav-
ing two wings only ; belonging One of the Dioters (Hons-
to the Diptera. 2. Having a fly. Tabamu limtoia). Nat.
double row of columns on each •***•
aide ; — said of a classic temple.
Din (dir), n. [L. dirus."] Ill-bodhig ; terrible.
Di-r60t' (dT-T«kf ), a. [L. diHgere, -reotvm, to direct]
1. Straight ; leading by the shortest way to a point or
ii, e, 1, 6, a, long ; ft, fi, 1, 6, a, f , short ; senAte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, oAre, ttrm, ftsk, |^, flaafl.
DIRECTER
16^
DISBURSEMENT
€nd. 8. BtnichtforwArd ; ainoere. S. Plain ; tin&mbig-
xtooM, 4. In tne line of desoant; not coUatenl. ^v. i,
1. To ftmuDge ia. a diroot or straight line ; to point ; to
afan. % Toabowto (any cme), as tlie direct way; to guide.
S. To regulate ; to gorem. 4. To order, o. To put a
direction or address upon. ^ v. /. To gire direction ; to
act as goide. ^n. A character, thus [ ], placed at
the end of a staff in music, on the line or space of tlte first
note of the next stafT, to apprise the performer of its situ-
ation. —IM-fwr or (dl-rOct^V n. — Dl-fwraOM, n.
Syn. — To guide; lead: conduct; manage; command.
wn&ttaa (-rSk'shlin), n. 1. A directing, guiding,
or ordering ; management. 2. Authoritative iustructiou.
S. The name and residence of a person written upon the
tiling sent to him ; address. 4. The course upon which
anything is moving, l3ring, or pointing ; aim. o. Body of
I of a corporation or enterprise.
Syn.— DnuKTioN; Ookthol; GomiiLVo: Oedbs; ad-
miniatratlon : guidance ; management ; superiutendence ;
oversight ; government ; guide : clew. — Control is nega*
tive, aenoting power to restrain : command is positive,
implying a right to enforce obedience : directions con-
tain instructions how to act. Order is more authorita-
tive than direction.
Dl-riOtlTt (-rSlit^v), a. [LL. directivus.] Having
power to direct ; tendim^ to direct, guide, or govern.
Di-rMlfly , adv. 1. In a direct manner ; in a straight
line or course. 2. In a straightforward way ; by direct
means. 3. Without ambiguity; in express terms. 4.
Exactly ; Just. 6. Straightforwardly ; honestly. 6. Im-
mediately; without deliy.
Syn. — DnacTLT: Immbdiatklt; iHSTiurrLY ; Instav-
TAjraoniLT ; forthwith : straightway ; soon : promntly ;
ovetdy ; expressly. — Directly denotes, without anjr delay
or divenion of attention ; immetliately implies, without
any interposition of other occupation ; ingtantly implies,
without any interventiou of time. Instantntieoiuly. like
ituiantly^ marks an interval too small to be appreciable.
Dt-nof or (-Sr), n. 1. One that directs or orders.
2. One appointed to manage the aflTairs of a company.
3. A part of a machine directing its action.
Dl-rMl'O-nl* (-d-rtt), n. OfBce of director ; a body
of directors taken jointly.
m^f^WlUl (dT-rek-tyrl-al), a. like, or pertaining
to, a director or guide. [or ; directorate.!
Dt-rMl'ar-idllp, ». The condition or office of a direct- 1
Dl-rMl'O-ry (-d-rj^), a. Containing directions; en-
joining. ^ M. 1. A coUeotion of rules or ordinances, esp.
for oooduct of worship. 2. Book containing addresses
of the inhabituits of a place. 3. A board of management.
IM-notYrai, ?f A womnn who directs.
mr^'tal f . n r ' r ij I k ^^ Di rt^ ; woeful. — Dtrefol-ly,
fl</f . — Dire'fiLl a««i. ff.
Dfife { i 1 5r J )♦ n , [ G«ijt r. t^t l^ dirige^ direct thou, first
wmti of thfl fuzirral PaaJm V, i^. j A funeral hymn.
DlflHil^fhl, »*. nr.dnirrA A dagger. — r. /. To stab.
Put r^lertK n- Xa^\ii t^ t^*\. drii excnm%nt.'\ Any
aitliy Kub^UrK-e : rarth. — f. r To make filthy ; to dirty.
Dlrfr (clSr'tf ),ft. 1 JV fi ]«■ d with dirt ; foul ; nasty.
1- S*>fdid; irforptiuif. 3. ??li^Ky; stormy. ^ v./. 1. To
fau) : Xi> soU. 2- To timifllr ; to scandalise (reputation,
dt*faft*^r- Mri, -DlTtTIy^ '-^r. — Dlrtl-lliMt n.
Dlra-liai-ty (dls^A-bni-tsn, n. l. SUte of being
disabled ; lack of power, etc. 2. Legal incapacity.
Syn*— I>iBABiLmr; Ivabilitt; weakness; incom-
petence; impotence: incapacity; incompetency: dis-
qualification. — Inability is an in herent want of power to
perform the thing in question : disability arises from some
deprivation of the needed competency.
IMB>a'KU (-i^*l), V. t. To render unable or incapable ;
to destroy the force or power of action of ; to impair.
8rn« — To weaken; unfit; disqualify: incapacitate.
Iwa-lNlflt' (-A-bus'), V. t. To undeceive ; to set right.
Dtrao^anon (•Ik-kas'ttim), v. t. To destroy the
force of habit in ; to wean from a custom.
Dto^ad-TUllag* (dls^Xd-vto'tftj ; 2, 87), n. 1. Dep-
rivation of advantage ; that which hinders success, or
causes in jniy. 2. Preiudice to interest, fame, credit, etc.
— V. t. To harm. — Dte-Ad'TlB-ta'gOOIES, a. — DUhUI'-
Tan-ta'iooiis-ly, adv. — DIs-ad'Tan-ta'gooiis-iieM, n.
Syn. — Detriment : injury ; hurt ; loes ; damage.
Dla'af-toOt' (-Sf-fSkf ), r. t. 1. To aUenate the affec-
tion of ; to discontent. 2. To disorder.
Dto^af -fMtioll (-fSk'shOn), n. The beinff disaCTected.
Syn. — Dislike ; disgust ; discontent ; unfriendliness.
IWaf-ftmi' (-fSrmO, V. t. 1. To assert the contrary
.J; to contradict 2. To annul (a judicial dec ' '
a contrary iudgment of a superior tribunal. -
of ; to contradict 2. To annul (a judicial decision) by
ntrary iudgment of a superior tribunal. — Dlrai-
Wrm^ (-i-grS^), r. t. 1 To faO to agree ; todif-
2. To quarrel. 3. To be unsuited or unfit.
Dlra-i
fer. 2. To quarrel.
Dls'a-gred'a-llto, a. 1. Not agreeable or congruous ;
nnsuiuble. 2. Offensive; unpleasant — Dte^a-gTM'a-
lito-iMM, n. — Dls'a-groo'a-luyi odv,
VU^tL-m^mUkt, R. 1. A disagreeing or being dis-
agreed ; diversity. 2. A falling out ; controversy.
Syn. — Difference ; diversity ; nnllkeness ; variance ;
dissent ; division ; dispute ; jar: wrangle ; discord.
Dlru-lOW' (-U-lou'), r. /. To refuse to aUow ; to die-
own and reject — DiS'tl-loWft-llto, a.
Dls'al-lOW'Anot (-<ins), n. A disallowing ; rejection.
Syn. —Disapprobation : censure ; rejection.
DIs-anl-BUIte (-SnT-mSt), V. t. To deprive of spirit.
Dls'All-Blll' (•Xn-nQlOf v* t. To annul completely.
Dls'ap-pear' (-Sp-pSr'), v. i. 1. To cease to appear
to vanish. 2. T ""
To cease to exist. — DiS'ap-petr'illOt, n.
' *" '■'"" ' apointier; pref.
1. To defeat of
OtM'Kp-wdnV (-poinf ), V. t. [OF. desapointier ; pref.
aes- (L. diS') -{- apointier to appoint] 1. To defeat of
expectation, hope, or attainment. 2. To hinder of result.
^yn. - To fail ; balk ; foil : defeat. Bee TAifTAUza.
Ins'ap-polllfnMllt, n. 1. A disappointing or being
disappointed. 2. That which disappoints.
Syn. — Miscarriage ; frustration ; balk.
DlMip^pro-lM'tlon (-Ip'prt-bi'shau), n. A disapprov-
ing; ccmdemnation of what is wrong or inexpedient.
Dis'ap-prove' (-prS&v'), v. t. 1. To pass unfavorable
judgment upon ; to regard as wrong, unsuitable, or hi-
expedient; to censure. 2. To declhie to sanction.—
Dlrap-Froy'«l, n. — Dla'ap-provliiK-ly, adv.
DlS-aim' (dTs-&rm' or dTs-), r. /. [F. dSsarmer ; pref.
di$' (L. dii-) -j- armer to arm.]' 1. To deprive of arms ;
to render defenseless. 2. To deprive of the means or
disposition to harm. — Dis-ami'a-IIIMlt, n.
mafl-naw^ (-Ir-rinjO« r. t. To disturb the order
or arrangement of. — Dlt'ar-nuige'llMnt, n.
Dtrar-ny' (-Ir-ri';, r. t. [Pref. dU- -\- array, v.] 1.
To disorder ; to break the array of. 2. To undress. —
n. 1. Want of array ; confusion. 2. Confused attire.
Dil-Mtor (dTs-Is'tSr), n. [F. disastre; pref. dia- (L.
disA -f- astre star, L. agtrum.'\ An unfortunate event;
misfortune. — Dis-Attroui, a. — Dll-MtroiUhly , a<fr.
Syn. — Bee CALAMrrr.
Iwa-TOW' (dls/A-vou'). V. t. [F. dSsavouer; pref.
di*' (L. dig') -\- aroner to avow.] 1. To refuse strongly
to own or acknowledge ; to disclaim. 2. To show the
contrary of ; to disprove. — DiS^ft-VOW'tl, n.
Dis-lNUld' (-bind'), v.t.Sci. To disunite ; to scatter ;
to retire from military service. — Dlft-bandlllMIt, n.
UlMlt^n&t (-bt-lefO, »• A disbelievinn; persuasion
that an opinion or assertion is not true ; refusal of assent.
Syn. — Dibbklixf; UirBBLnp; distrust: incredulity;
doubt : skeptirism. — Unbelief is a mere failure to admit ;
dixbelief Is positive rejection.
DlB'lM-Uevo' (-bt-lSvO, V. t. To refuse belief to.
DiS^be-UeT'flT (-3r), n. An unbeliever ; an infidel.
Dts-bWden (-bfir'd'n), v. t. & i. To rid of a burden.
Syn. — To unload ; unburden ; discharge ; free.
Dls-bnne' (-bdrsO, v. t. [OF. deabourser; pref. de*-
(L. dis-) -f bourge purse.] To pay out ; to expend.
p|g.|y " *
f^m, recent, 6rb, ryde, f^iU, CUn, fcTod, fo'bt, out, oil, obair, go, sing, i||k, then, thin.
DISC
170
DISCOUNT
DIM (dYak), n, [See Dnx, Dish.] A diak ; » flat
round plate ; a oirouur atmcture in pUmta or animala.
Dll'OAIIt (dTsOcInt), n. Deaoant.
DtoKUUrd' (-kXrdOt v« '• 1* Tothrow(acardorcarda)
out of one*a hand, aa auperfluooa. 2. To caat off aa uae-
leaa. — ft. A diacardins ; the card or carda diacarded.
Bjn, — To diamiaa ; diqilace ; diacharee ; . aushier.
DlS-0«m' (dTz-zSru'), v.t.Ai. [F. dUcemer, L. di*-
cemere^ -cretum; dis- -\- eemere to diatinguiah.] 1. To
aee and identify by noting differenoea. 2. To recognise.
83m. — To perceire : distinffuiab ; discover ; penetrate ;
diacriminata ; eapy ; deacry ; detect. Bee Pbbcuvs.
DlS-oenil-llle, a. Capable of being diacerued. — Dis-
ooml-UA-iiMi, n. — INA-oeml-bly. adv,
Bjn, — Perceptible ; apparent ; evident ; maaifeat.
Dte-OCm'illf , a. Acute ; ahrewd ; aagadooa.
Dto-Otrn'mMlt, n. 1. A diaoemlng. 2. Faculty by
which the mind distinguiahea one thing from another.
Syn. — D18CSBNMSST ; PnrarKATioir ; DiacaiMUf ation ;
Judgment ; acuteuesa ; sagacity ; iuaight. — DUtcemment
a Iceenneaa and accuracy of mental viaion ; penetration la
the power of aeeing deeply hito a subject in spite of
everything that intercepts the view ; ducrimination ia
a capacity of tracing out minute distinctioua.
DlB-Oharce' (-chiirj'), r. t. [OF. dexchargier; pref.
de*' (L. </u-) 4~ ehargiety F. charger. See Chabob. J 1.
To relieve of a charge, load, or burden ; to unload. 2.
To let go the charge of (a bow, firearms, etc) ; to relieve
from a atate of tenaion. 3. To relieve of (a debt, accu-
■ation, etc.) ; to abaolve ; to clear. 4. To relieve of office
or employment ; to dismiaa. 6. To releaae legally from
confinement. 6. To ahoot. 7. To annul ; to dianUsa. 8.
To throw off the obligation of (a debt, duty, trust, etc.) ;
to perform (an office, or part). 0. To give forth ; to utter.
^ p. i. To unload ; to emit fluid or other contents.
Syn. — See Diuvsr.
«•!•. 1. A diacluurging or unloadhig. 2. Firing off :
exploaion. 3. A relieving of an obligation, etc ; acquit-
tance. 4. Release or diamiaaal from office, etc. 6. Lib-
eration ; aoquittaL 8. A flowing or iasuing out ; vent ;
evacuation; matter emitted.
DlS-oliax'm, n. One that discharges; instrument
for diaoharging a Leyden Jar, or electrical battery.
DlB-d'pto (-si'p'l), n. [OE. & OF. ; fr. L. duHptitus,
fr. diteere to learn.] One instructed by another ; a
learner ; an adherent in doctrine. — Dia-oi'plt-fllllp, n.
Syn. — Learner ; scholar; pupil; follower; adherent.
I>lB/Ol-pll]|-a-U0(dT8'8T-plTn-4.bn),a. 1. Capable of
being improved by training. 2. Liable to be dieciplined.
DwOl-pllll-a'n-ail (-S'rT-an), a. Pertaining to diaci-
pline. ^ n. One who enforces rigid discipline.
Dll'oi-pllll-a-ry (-t-rj^), a. Pertainhig to discipline.
DIs'Oi-pllllQ (-plTn), n. [F. ; L. dUcipIina^ fr. diJtci-
pnlu*."] X. Treatment suited to a disciple or learner ;
e Jucauon ; tr^dning ; drill. 2. Subjection to rule ; obedi-
ence. 3. Severe training ; instruction by suffering, etc.
4k. Chastisement ; correction. 6- A system of essential
ecclesiastical rules.
8yn. — Education ; training : culture ; punishment.
— V. t. 1. To educate ; to train. 2. To accustom to
regular action ; to drill. 3. To improve by corrective
UK^thods. 4. To inflict occlesiaBtical penalties upon.
Syn. — To train ; form ; bring iin ; correct ; ptmish.
INs-oUUm' (-klam'), r. /. 1. To renounce claim to ;
to deny ownArship of, or responsibility for; to reject.
2. To relinquish a claim ; to disavow another's claim ; to
decline accepthig (an estate, interest, office, etc.).
Syn. — To disown ; disavow ; renounce ; repudiate.
DlS-Olalm'er. n. 1. One who diftclaiiiis or renounces.
2. A denial, disavowal, or renunciation. 3. A public
disavowal of pretensions, clatmn, opinions, etc.
Dto-tdOM' (-kl5z'), V. f. [OF. de*chs, p. p. of deplore
to open ; pref. des- (L. dU-) -f- rlore (L. clnudere) to shut.]
1. To unclose: to open; to uncover. 2. To expose to
view ; to reveal. 3- To make known (sometliing secret).
Syn. — To uncover ; discover ; divulge : tell ; utter.
(dTa-klS'shflr ; 40), ». LA dlKdodiig
or rerealing ; ezpoaure. 2. That which ia revealed.
Us'OOld (dTaHcoid), a. [Gr. Smtkoci^ quoit-ahaped ;
6urKOt diak -{- cttov form.] Fonned like a did^ aa uni-
valve ahella having the whorla in < '
forming a
diak.^n. Anything fonned like a diaooa or diak ; a dia-
coid aheU. - DlB^NM'al, a.
Dlacoid flower, a compound flower, conajgting of tabnlar
floreta only, aa a tanay, lacking the
raya aeen (n the daiay and almflower.
tMs-o01'ar(*kai'8r),r. /. [L. <fw.
-(- ciUorare^ -atumf to color, color
color.] [Written alao diseoiour.l
To alter the color of ; to tinge.
Dli-OOt'or-fttlQA, n I. A being
diacolored. 2. A stain.
Dte-OOmtlt (kfim'fTt), V. I. [L.
rfit- -h eon/lcere to prepare, bring
about.] 1. To acatter in flght ; to
defeat. 8. To frustrate tlie j4»aB
of ; to balk ; to diaconoert — Dli-
oomflt, Dls-oooili-tiira, n.
Syn. — To defeat; overthrow
vanquiah ; conquer ; iiaffle.
mirSimT '
Diiooid Flowers.
I'iort T-fSrt)7«»r f. [OF. descon/orter to dia-
oourage ; pref. de*- (L. dis-) -f con/orter. bee Comvost.I
1. To diacourage ; to deject. 2. To disturb the comfort
of ; topahi.^n. Want of oomf<Hrt ; inquietude; pain.
DlB'OOm-mofl*' (-k5m-m5d0> v. /. [L. du- -j- com*
modu* flt, commodious.] To put to inoonveniencie.
Syn. —To incommode ; annoy ; inconvenience ; moleat.
Dil'OOIIl-pOM' (*p9x0* V' f- I- To disarrange : to in-
terfere with ; to break up. 2. To disorder : to destroy
the composure of. — Dil^OOIIl-po'Bvn (-pS'shflr), n.
Syn. — To disorder ; derange : unsettle ; fret ; vex.
Dls'OOn-OOrt' (dTsncSn-eSrt'), r. f. 1. To brenk no the
harmonious progress of ; to throw into confusion. 2. To
abash. — Dls-oon'oert (dTe-kSo'OIrt), n.
Syn. — To discompose ; derange ; c<»ifaae ; fmatrate.
Ins'OOn-nMtt' (-n«kt'), v. t. To dissolve the union or
connection of ; to disperse. — Dlg'OQO-lMO'tlOB, n.
Dii-OOn'SO-llte (-kSu's^-ltt), a. [LL. dUemuolahu ;
L. di*' -f coMolaH to console.] 1. Destitute of con-
solaticm ; deeply dejected. 2. Inspiring dejection. —
Dii-oon'ao-Utv-ly, aifv. — DUhoon'so-lat^-aMB, n.
Syn. — Forlorn : melancholy ; hopeleaa ; gkxnny.
DiS'COn-teilt' (dTa^kSn-tenf ), a. Not content ; dia-
aaUsfled. — t*. /. To make uneaay. ^n. Inquietude of
mind ; diaaatiafaction. — Dls'OOn-teilfBlMIt, m.
Dlg/QOn-tiiill-ailOO (-tln'fl-ana), n. A diacontinoint
or being diacontinued ; interruption.
Syn. — Ceasation ; disunion ; disruptimi ; break.
DlS^OOII-tilllM (-tlntl), r. t. [F. ditctmHnwrA To
interrupt the continuance of ; to intermit (a practu» or
habit) : to stop ; to leave off. ^v. i, 1. To be broken
off. 2. To be separated ; to part. — Dte^con-tlB'V-ft'-
Hon, n.— DlB-OOII'tl-nn'i-^, n. — Dls'OQO-tlBll-OIIS, a.
Dii'COrA^ (-kflrd'), n. [L. dUcordia^ fr. discw* diF-
cordant, disagreeable; dU- -f- cor^ cordis^ heart.] 1.
Want of concord or agreement ; variance leading to con-
tention and strife. 2. Union of musical sounds which
strikes the ear disagreeably ; want of musical concord.
Syn. — Variance ; difference ; strife ; dlaaonanoe.
Dls-oard'Allt (-kdrd'ant), a. 1, Dlaagreeing; being
at variance ; not harmonioua. 2. IMaaonant ; n<^ in har-
mony or musical concord ; Jarring. — Dto-OOrtPflBO*,
Dts-oord'Aii-Gy, n. — DteHWid'AiiMy, adv,
Syn. — Incongruous ; contradictory; repugnant; op-
poHite ; inconsistent ; harsh ; Jarring : irreconcilable.
DiS'OOIUlt' (dTHOcount^), r. /. [OF. dexronter to de-
dwt ; pref. des- (L. cfi*-) -|- canter, compter^ to coont.]
1. To deduct from an account, debt, charge, ete. 2.
To lend money upon, deducting the discount or aUow-
ance for interest. 3. To anticipate and form conclusions
concerning ( an event), ^v.i. To lend money, abating the
a, 5, 1, 5, fl, long ;*,«,!, 5, tt, f, short ; senftte, fivent, tdea, 6bey, Unite, cAre, ttrrn, ask, (til, flnnl.
DISCOUNTABLE
171
DISENTHRONE
diacoant.— n. 1. Deduction made from a groaa sum;
aOowaaoe upon an account, price asked, etc 2. Deduc-
tion made for interest, in aayancing moner upon a bill
or note not due ; payment in advance of mtereat upon
mooej. 3. Rate of interest charged in discounting. —
IM»«onra-«U (dls^ounf A.b'1), a.
Dto-OOOBt^-IIABM (-kountt-nana). r. t. 1. To put
out of coonteoance ; to abash. 2. To refuse to counte-
nance; to discourage. ^ ». Disapprobation.
Dto-€OV^ai» (-k&raj ; 2), r. /. I. To extinguish
the oovirage^ ; to dishearten ; — opp. of encourage. 2.
To dishearten one with
with respect to ; to check by disfavor-
deter one from. — l>ls-OOIir'Af«-«-lll«t a.
Srn.— TO dispirit; dej« ' " ^ '*-*
Iito-ooVAS«-ni«Bt, n.
inc;todi .
vjfJk, —To dispirit ; deject ; dissuade .
ge-BMBt, n. 1. A disoouraginff,
2. That which discourages ; a Je
; disfavor.
_ ngiufff or being
disoouraged. ^2. That which discourages ; a determent.
Ms-OMmw' (•kSrs'), ». [L. dUcursus, it. dUcurrere,
•cmrsum;dis- 4- currere to TUB. SeeCoDBsa.] 1. Con-
versation ; talk. 2. Consecutive speech ; treatise ; dis-
sertation ; aennon, etc. ^ v. i. To talk formally.
IMs-OOOrl#HNIS (•kOr't^Qs), a. Wanting in courtesy
or good manners. — DimMmrte-OIUhly, adv. — Dis-
mmxtm-miM-ntmh IMs-oou'te-sy, n.
IUm^OM (dls^fis), o. [L. <fi«eu< disk.] Discoid.
Us-OOf'tr (-kfiv^r), r. /. [OF. descmtvrir ; des- (L.
dU-) + amvrir to cover.] 1. To disclose; to reveal.
2. To find for the first time ; to detect. 3. To manifest
without design. — DI»HW¥'OT-a-U0. a.
Srn*— To Dnoom; ImrsKr; disclose: bring out:
exhibit ; show ; reveal : impart : tell ; espy : find out :
detect. — We dtseorer what existed before, but remained
unknown ; we inveni by forming combinations eltber new,
or operating by means unknown before.
Dw-OOT'«r-«r, n. 1. One who discovers, or first learns
of, something. 2. A scout ; explorer.
Dto-OOV'ar-y i-ir-f), n. l. A discovering ; exposure
to view ; laying open. 2. A revelation ; disclosure. 3.
Finding out something previously uoknown or uurecog-
nised. 4. A thing for the first time ascertained.
Dte-ondU (-krikiati, n. I. a discrediting or disbe-
lieving, or the being disbelieved. 2. Hi repute ; reproach.
8yn. — Diaesteem : disrepute : dishonor ; disgrace ;
ignominy ; scandal ; disbelief ; distrust.*
— r. t. 1. To disbelieve. 2. To destroy trust in.
Dte^BtdH-ft-llto, a. Not creditable ; disgraceful.
IMs-OTMf (-krStO. o. [L. dUcretu* separated, p. p.
of diseemere. Bee Dncsan.] Possessed of discernment ;
prudent ; judicious. — ]Ui>orMtly , adr.
Dto-CSVp^ABt (-kr«i/ant), a. [L dUcrepans, -antu;
dU- 4- ertpare to creak. ] Discordant ; at variance ; con-
tranr ; different. — DlMrm'aiUM, Dls-onp^All-oy, n.
IMs-or«to' (-kr«tO, a. [L. dUcemere, -eretum. See
DncBOT.] JL Separate ; distinct. 2. Disjunctive ;
containing a disjunctive or discretive clause. 3. Sepa-
rate ; not coalescent ; — said of parts of plants, etc.
VhHtn^^kn. (-krSshlln), n. LA being discreet;
cautious discernment; prudence. 2. Freedom of choice
or wUl. — DIs-oretlon-al, Dls-oro^Uoii-ft-ry, a. — Dis-
omtaB-Al-ly, Dls-ortHon-a-rMy, adv.
IM»-OrattT« (-kx^aTv), a. [L. dUcretivtis. See Dn-
OBBTB.] Marking distinction or separation ; disjunctive.
IMl-€tlml-IIAt* (-krTm^-nftt), a. [L. dUcriminare,
■ntumy to separate, fr. dUerimtn division, fr. discemere.
Bee DncBur.] Having the difference marked; distin-
gniahedbjT certain tokens. ^r.t.A i. To distinguish. —
MhOtan-IIAt^-tT, adv. — Dls-oflml-wito-aMB, n.
Dte-cnnil-WI'aoa, n. I. a discriminating or mark-
ing differenoea. 2. The beimr discriminated or set apart.
3. Facttltyof nicely distinguisliinff ; acute discernment.
Syn. — Discernment : penetration: cleamesa; acute-
neoa ; judgment ; distincuon. See Ducbbic hbnt.
Dto-otml-wi-ttTd (ni-tTv}, Dls-oiliiil-iiA-to-ry, a.
1. Marking a difference ; distinctive ; characteristic. 2.
Observing distinctions : discriminating.
~ B/ (-kronnO, v. t. To deprive of a crown.
nU-WU'WlUm (dTs-kfir'shlin), n. [LL. diteurtio a raft*
ning different ways.] A discoursing or reasoning.
DUHmi'llTt (-sTv), a. 1. Passing from one Uiing to
another ; digressive ; desultory. 8. Reasoning ; argu-
mentative. — Dtt-eWltT^-ly, ocTv.
p/. K. DucusM (-*»),
1. (a) A quoit. (6) Sxerciae
Dto'Olll (dTsnras), n. ; pi. E. Ducusss (-l^s), L. Dxsoi
tdls'si). [L BeeDuK.] 1. ' "
with the discus. 2. A disk.
(dls-kfis'), r. /. [L. discutere^ -cussum^ to
strike asunder ; dis- -j- guatere to strike.] 1. To break
up ; to disperse ; to drive away ; — said esp. of tumors.
2. To examine in detail ; to debate ; to investigate.
Syn. — To Dncirss ; Examiivb; Dbbatb. — We examine
a subject when we ponder it with care, to discover the
truth respecting it. We dUrus* a topic when we examine
it thorouglily in its distinct ports. We debate a point
when we examine it in mutual argumentation.
Dto-om'lkni (•kBsh'On), n. 1. The discussing by
breaking up, or dispersing (a tumor, etc) 2. A discuss-
ing or exchanging reasons ; debate ; agitation.
DlS-<niMlT0(-kiisav),a. Fitted to discuss or disperse
tumors or coagulated matter. ^ ». A discutient.
Dte-on'tiO&l (-ku'slient), a. [L. discuiiens^ p. pr. of
ditcutere.] Serving to disperse morbid matter ; diseusa-
Ive. — n. An agent for dispersing morbid matter.
IMs.4tala' (dTs-din' or dTs-), n. [OF. desdein, demtaing,
n. ; detdeigner^ desdaigntr, v. ; det- (L. dit-) + daigner
to deign, f r. L. dignari to deem worthy. Bee Dkmv.J A
feeling of contempt and aversion ; scorn.
Syn. — Scorn ; contempt ; pride. Bee HADOHmnss.
^ r. /. 1. To think unworthy or unbecoming. 2. To
reject as unworthy of notice ; to scorn (base acts, char^
acter, etc.) — r. i. To be haughtv. — Dfs-dAlll'nl, a.
— Dto-daln'fnl-ly, atfr.— Dls-daiiifiil-ii«M,n.
8yu. — To contemn ; despise ; scorn. Bee Coirmat.
IMS-MM' (dTs-Sx'), ft. [OF. desttue; des- (L. dU-) -f
aite ease.] A state of the body disturbing the perform-
ance of vital functions, and OMising pain and weakness.
— r. t. To affliet with disease : to disorder.
Syn. — DiSBABS ; Disorobr ; DnmfPBs ; Malady : Af-
raonoM ; ailing : ailment : sickness; illness ; complaint ;
indisposition. — Dutease is the leadhig medical term. Dia-
order means much the same, with some reference to an
inerntlarity of the system. Dittemper is used of dis-
eases of animals. Malady is not a medical term. Affec-
tion has specUd reference to the part disturbed.
DlB-eM0d' (-SxdO. a. AflUcted with disease.
Syn. — See Mobbid.
Dii'tm-lMlk' (dTs'Sra-bKrkO, r. t. & {. To nut, or go,
on shore ; to Innd ; to debark. — ViB-mDimr-mMfttOtL n.
DiS'tm-bar'nM (-bir'ras), r. /. To free from embar-
rassment, impediment, or perplexity ; to extricate.
DUroil-bOd'T (-b8d7), V. t. 1. To divest of the body
or corporeal existence. 2. To disband (troops).
Dls'tm-bOCIM' (-WJg'), r. /. [8p. detembocar; prof.
deS' (L. diS') -f- embocar to put into the mouth, fr. en (L,
in) -f- boca mouth, fr. L. bucca cheek.] To discharge at
the mouth, as a stream : to vent. ^ v. i. To flow out.
Dlt'tlll-bow'el (-bou^l). r. /. To take out the bowels
or interior parts of ; to eviscerate.
Dls^en-aOde (-«n-S'bn). r. t. To disable ; to disqualify.
Dls'tB-clMlIt' (-ch4nt0, r. /. To free from enchant-
ment, fascination, or delusion. — DiS'en-OluuifBMHIt, n.
Dil'm-onmnMr (-kQm'bSr), r. t. To free from encum-
brance ; to disburden. — Dls^aa-OlimninuiM, n.
Dls'ai-dOW' (-dou'^, r. /. To deprive of endowment.
Dtrm-faM' (-gSjO, v. /. To release from that with
which anything is engaged or entangled ; to extricate ;
to set free : to clear. — r. t. To free one*s self.
Syn. — To liberate ; free ; detach ; withdraw : wean.
Du'en-nce^tOt ». I. A disengaging or being disen-
gaged. 2. Freedom from engrossing occupation ; leisure.
Dfren-tan'jKle (-tSo'g*!)* '• t- To free from entangle-
ment ; to straighten out. — DiS^MI-tail'ffle-llltllt, n.
Syn. — To loose ; extricate; clear; separate; detach.
Diren-throne' (thrSu'), v. t. To dethrone
fCm, recent, Orb, r^de, f^U, «n, ftfbd, ftfbt, oat, oil, chair, sOi ainKf i||k, then, Uiin.
DISENTOMB
172
DISLIKE
tMsQtl lamb'' MT^ ?Tj-i-. MiM „ . / To Uke out from
Bttit]i«-i; la<iir.ij:ir.T . T>^ .'H Uume.
0ls an tTaace" i,4riFj&' i, * . /. T<JftWTilteii frum itnaice.
DI-Wp'a-lOtiB iiJt-i^fi'r3.n.i), ft. [Pr*f. Ji- {- tepal-
DU' flft-tabliflh I < J T -, ' »^ ^ ..! H i .-'I t 'H 1 1 ] , V, t Tf> uuitiittle ; to
br«ak ur" tftii>lJiiijtf t!JitziWi--i]it^i j , ht ih^prlre (i% churolif
Du'eirt0eoi'(-t6j|j'j, ^n ^.uu uI I'liLriiu , disfavor.—
If. L To •lJKi>t. — tHft-M'tl-naA'tloii (-5* tT-iiiaShttn), n.
DllJl'^r (-ni'r^rj. n. [ Pr,?f. ^/i^ -f- Jnvnr.^ [Written
tffa^^-ewr.] 1. Wiirt or ffttor; <li*eil«eju. 2. A
blieine *Pt ^^v / To (Iificouiit?iuui<.'<?,
DlB-El%r« < fVOr ^ -W*)* ^ ^ [OK^ rfj'^/^Mrfr.- pref.
tItM' + pgnr^r \\y Jijtj^iae, Jr. L. figum flj^rr* J To deface ;
t^ deform - Dlt-Uf Q-ra'Uoa, Dls-ftf'im^mflatt **•
Syii» - To hJi'U. t' i iltfririii ^ tnar ; iiijurt.
Dl« fraq'ctLlBO ^^rjtit'i l>i:i: or -t lui), ' ^ To deprive
ai ii friioclii^' i^r ^^liart^reit riifht; t«< dLMjMiHMM of the
rJfrhtn <ti(^ A 4.itiiE4:'np ^ of a puu-ticular priv[|e(^. — THiM-
trin^OhlsB-tneiit, p^. [ta dosmantle. 1
EUa-ffAI^nlSh ( -vkr'iiTiikX r. t. Ti> dfvett ot irBrniture ; j
Dlfl f or^fl' I -S&t/J. ( r. Jt *\ [F, drm^rf^T .- pref. d^-,
f/r»- ( L. '/f*-! - fji/rge. a4*«0uRaa.j 1. Toi'jpct by the
throat Mud mouth i to vomit ; to pour forth from a con-
fined place. 2. To sive up (what one haa wron^ully
appropriated) ; to make restitution ; to surrender.
IMs-gnor (-gris^), n. [F. ; pref. dU- (L. dis-) -\-ffr&cf.
See Oraob.] 1. A being out of favor ; loss of rep^ird or
respect. 2. Dishonor ; ignominy. 3. Cause of reprosch.
Sjn* — I>i>fHvor: opprobrium; reproach: discredit:
dishonor ; shame ; infamy ; iicnoininy : humiliation.
— r. /. 1. To put out of favor ; to dismiss with dislio^r.
2. To brinff shame upon ; to cover with ignominy.
Syn.— Todesrade; humble; dishonor; debase.
ns-gXieallll (-f Vl), a. Bringing disgrace ; shameful.
— Dlft-gnoe^tol-ly, adr. — Dis-naoofiU-iienm ».
DlB'glllM' (-gix': 58), r. f. [OF. desguisier ; pref.
de»- (L. di*-) 4- ffuite.\ 1. To change the guise or ap-
pearance of. 2. To hide by a false show. 3. To intoxi-
cate, ^n. 1. A dress put on for deception. 2. Artificial
language or manner. 3. Change of manner by drink ; in-
toxication. — Dls-guls'od-ly. »dr.
Sjn. — To hide ; mask : dissemble ; feign ; dissimulate ;
pretend ; secrete. See Comcbal.
DiS-fflUt' (-gfisf), r. t. [OF. deitgoHstfr ; pref. des-
(L. dU') -f- ffOMfer to taste, fr. L. gnstarf^ f r. gusttix
taste.] To provoke strong distaste in ; to cause (any-
one) loathing, as of the stomach ; to offend the moral
taste of. ^n. Repugnance ; strong distaste.
%jn, — Nausea ; loathing ; aversion. See Disurb.
Iw-nstllll, DlB-CllsnilC, a. That causes disgust ;
sickening : offensive. — ]Ui>fQltl]IC-l7, ndr.
DlBll (dTsb). It. [AS. dUc, L. dunit, dish, disc, quoit.]
1. A vessel to hold food at the table. 2. Food served.
3. The being concave, or like a dish ; degree of such con-
cavity. — v. /. 1. To put in a dish, ready for the table.
2. To depress in the middle, like a dish.
DiS'lia-btUe' (dTs^i-bTlO, n. Deahabille.
DlBh'olOtll' (dTsli^klSthO. n. Cloth for washing dishes.
Dif-hanit'on (dTs-h&rt^^n), r. t. To deprive of courage.
Syn. —To dispirit ; discourage ; deject : terrify.
Dl-glMy«l (dl-sb«v^l or -«), r. /. [OF. de»chereler,
LL. dUcapillare; dU- -f L. eapiUtu hair of the head.]
To suffer (the hair) to hang loosely.
Dlllltlll (dTsh'fyl), n. As much as a dish holds.
DlBlllllSt <>• Dish-shaped ; concave.
DUhhOlrMt (dls-Sn^st), a. 1. Wanting in honesty ;
disnosed to defraud ; not trustworthy. 2. Character-
ised by fraud ; knavish ; nnjiiMt. — Dli-lloil'eB-ty, n.
DiS-hon'or (-Sn'Sr), n. [OF. dexhonor ; pref. den-
(L. dis-) -\- honor ^ fr. L. honor. 1^ [Written also dis-
honour.} 1. Lack of honor ; disgrace. 2. Nonpayment
of commercial pnper by hlni on whom it is drawn.
83m. — Disgrace ; ignominy ; shame ; reproach.
Dlft-llOll'or (dTs-8n'8r), v. t. I. To deprive of honor;
to bring reproach or shame on ; to treat with fandignity ;
to lessen the reputation of. 2. To violate the chastttj
of ; to debauch. 3. To ref uce to accept or pay (a bill,
check, note, etc., due or presented).
Syn. — To disgrace ; humiliate ; debauch ; poUnte.
Dto-hon'or-m-bto, a. I. Wanting in honor ; shame.
f ul ; base. 2. Wanting in honor ; diseateemed. ~ Um-
honfor-a-lilv-iMw, n. - Dii-lioii'or-A-lily, ode.
Dto-ln'cU-lUllioil (dTs-Tn'klT-uE'shttn), n, A being
disinclined; slight aversion or dislike.
Syn. — Unwiilingnesa; disaffection; •lienation; dis-
like ; indisposition ; distaste : aversion ; repugnance.
DUl'ln-elllM' (-klinOf r. /. To excite a disinclination
or slight aversion in : to make unwilling ; to ^IW^te.
Dls'lB-foot' (-f«ktO, r. t. To froe from infections or
contagioua matter; to destroy putrefaction; to purify. —
Dii'ln-feof ant a. & «. - Dts'ln-feo'lioii, n,
DiSin-gen^-OllA (-j8n't-fis), a. 1. Not noble ; mean.
2. Not ingenuous or open ; meanly artf uL ~ DlfliB-fMI'-
n-oiui-ly, adv. — DlriB-fwi'a-oiui-iMM, n,
Dls'ln-htrl-Mll (-hSrO-a'n), n. Disinheritonce.
Dls'lB-her^t (-li«rat), r. t. 1. Tb cut off from an
inlieritaace ; to prevent (an heir) from coming into pos-
session of s property or right rogularly his own. 2. To
dispossess. ~ IMrlB-li«rit-aiicw, n.
DUhlBtO-gnte (dTs-In'tl-grit), r. /. A i. [L. </is- +
integrare^ -gratutn^ to repair, nr. integer whole.] To sepa-
rate into integrant parts ; to powder ; to break up (rock,
etc.) bv blows, frost, rain, etc
DiS-in'tt-fnmlloil (-grTshOn), n. (a) Process by which
anything is disintegrated ; condition of anything disfaite-
gratrd. f^^ T\\p wf^^ir'T ? --\\ nf rock^ or JltntA, pt«-
du< . .r i.> .Lrsu'.^i I,,- 1. 1- iirtion. rror-t, ife,*'tr,
Dis In ter^ < '.n^T-^'), r, r. 1, To U.k# out of the tciub;
to li:^ M]^ 2 T- 1 I iiiir fmiii obirt'Mfirj into \\^vt.
Dis tn'ter-est-fld 1 Tii'(?r-irtt-Sil ), u. Not jnflot'jict'^J by
per^i isi ill jiir 1 n -t ; frirf { fdiu N-ISitli motive; not prijiniieecf.
—Dtain'UT est sd Jy.'^'^t —Dlt-ia'ter-Ht-Ad hmc n.
H y n r I ■ u I H :i..f4*. 1 ; a 111 ] 14 rt bd ; iioii] tertfjitf-i I ; iud Iflf K-tit*
Dis In iQT'meDt ihIT", Tii't&r'if»#rii). n, Knhytnatkiu,
Dlsln mralr 1 iJiriiJ'). », / To di sent limn. [Writ.
ten ^^".'•^■uf/>.<:f.] llUlnthnll'lDVXtt. H.
Disjoin' jMiii'j. r /, A' J TrrdUw/iH*: to part.
h > 1 1 . T . . . I L.m 1 11 ] h^ ; sf" imrjit*' [ fioTach n «v*r ; dlnsver.
Dla JolAr N^jutiit'i, -'. Di->-KTiirp,i ; imiToumctpd ; — opp.
to i.t>iijviul. — v.t, 1. lo atipATolc th« julbU of ; to di*-
locate. 2. To separate at Junctures or Jointa ; to break
hi pieces. 3. To break the natural order and rehitiona
of ; to make incoherent. — r. ». To fall in pieces.
Dlft-tellltly, adr. In s disjointed sUte.
Dis-hmet' (-jttnktO, a. [L. diJ^ungere, -junctum, to
disjoin.] 1. Disjoined. 2. Having the head, thorax, and
abdomen separated by a deep constriction.
Dls-jvnoWII (-jfink'shttn), n. 1. A disjoining; sepa-
ration : a parting. 2. A disjunctive proposition.
Dis-lnilO^Te (-jfigk'tTv), a. Tending to disjoin ; sep-
arating.—tt. (fi) A disjunctive conjunction, (fr) Adts-
junctive proposition. — IMs-JlUI(KtiT«-ly, adr.
Disk (dlidc), n. [L. ductiM, Or. aurmK. See DliR.]
[Written also dUcJ 1. A discus ; ouoit. 2. A flat, drw
cular plate. 3. Face of a celestial body. 4. A ciren-
lar structure in plants or animals ; cen-
tral part of a radiate compound flower,
as in a sunflower ; lower side of the
body of some invertebrates.
Dls-like' (-ITkO, r. t. 1. To regard <
with aversion ; to disapprove. 2. To
displease.— n. Aversion.
wyn. — DiRLiKK : Avsbsiok : Rb- ., . . _ ,,
LUCTANCB ; Repuonancb ; Di8or?T : »*?•?. <? Csmmnile.
Aktipatht : distaste ; disinclination : '' ^^^ « " " ^^^
disapprobation ; disfavor ; dinafTi*'-
tion ; displeasure ; disrelish. — Dijtfikr is the more general
term, applicable to both persons and tilings, and may
a, 5, 1, 3, fi, long ; ii, «, I, ft. A, 5', short ; senftte, tvent, tdea, 6bcy, Anite, c4re. Jinn, Ask, ||11, final.
DISLOCATE
173
DISPLACE
nMn little man than want of Ukinfr ; but nnhpnihy, rt-
p«0fM»ee, aUv^uAs and uwrmmi lim more iut«iwe. Avtr-
Him denotea haottual dialike. Eeluctimce aud rrpufftuxnce
anote a mantal hoatOity agaiuat something proposed (re-
jmmanet being the strouger). J/hmut u repugnance
eitoer of taate or moral feeUng. Antipathy is an iuatinc-
tire dialike of a thing.
DlgOo-Mt* (dTi^-kSt), V, t. [LL. dUloeare, -^iatwn ;
dl«- +/oeiw place.] To dispUMse ; to remove (a bone) from
its connections with a neighboring bone. ^ a. Dislocated.
Dto'lO-CAlloa (•ki'«hfin), n. 1. A displacing, or be-
ing diaolaoed. 2. Displacement of parts of rocks or por-
tions of strata from their original situations.
Dto-lOto' (-1910. f'- i' [OF. desloffier; pref. de*- (L.
dU-) + OF. lopier. See Loogb.1 To drive from a lodge
or place of ooiet or repoae. — Duhlodg^antt n.
in»40T'U (-loKol), a. Not loyal ; not true to a sov-
ereign, lawful anneriorf or one's own government ; false ;
faithleas. — Dte-lOT'al-lT, adv. — Dlg-loy'al-ty, n.
Syn. — Diaobedient : faithless; untrue; treacherous.
Ina^BUd (dTa'nuil), a. Gloomy to the eye or ear ; de-
preaaing to the feelinga. — DIs'Uud-ly, adv.
Syn. — Dreary : lonesome ; gloomy ; dark ; ominous ;
fatal ; doleful ; nd ; melancholy ; unfortunate ; unhappy.
— ^.- (d^^najn't'l), r. <. [OF. desmanteler;
Srn.
pref. des- (L. dh-) -{- manteler to cover with a cloak, de-
fend, fr. mantel cloak.] 1. To strip of dress ; to divest.
%. To strip of furniture and equipments, gims, etc. ; to
unrig ; to break down. 3. To render useless.
- See Dbmoubh.
■t' (-mAst'), V. t. To deprive of a mast
f' (-miOf V. t. [OF. esmftier; pref. w- (L. ex)
-f OHG. rr^^'m to be able ; akin to E. mfiy.} To diaable
with .-iLtfii . !■■ 'U'|n-tve oT firnni'-^« tlironub f*'nr.
iSiru. -Tt> Dii3Hir; l>\r\t . aiim.i ; terrify; t right ;
alf Tight ; frighten ; (JiHln^-irr. n .lii|»rir . di^^^mr •;,'©; de-
^t ; 4 HiPi*»«- - />* * Mj .-N/ . 1 1 ■ ] n ki rm i M( ■ 1 > ji I ^pre 1 1 -^ i ifsum. To
ihuitt HAX PI »0(H 'r* ^.-H v\^^ 1 1 i E I !4 1 ij ■ ' rt' ftf :»r 1 1 i Is 1^- Ti:' ' .■ i 'f -fill im-
■pAiifm t*rmr ^ hn- li n\'-v.-. I i-l ui* the fiU'iilti^^M.
— fl. LoiMiit i"ii] .(|C'- I rir..in;li temr i rLiiii?^U*rpii[!..ii.
Jivrtt -- Fii-jf" [i-iiK , ■li.'t^.i^.niraii^eiiipiit ; ■k^1>^t^>4(^it>lt ; fear ;
friiitlit ; ti'^rr.tr: .L|Kpi-t;h^iM(iuij ; aUmt : nfTrl^itt
I Dlume I ' 1 r' 1 1 , . , r^ [O ¥ . Si'e IHKE, ] A ten t li ^ n tithe.
Oli-iaem'I»i (. iltuhUbftin'l m5 r V '"- f^ [0 b\ tfe* mr nibrer ;
prsf. df*- (1* dU') -r mtmbrr limb,] To tear limb from
Umb ; to bre&k up. — Di«^mAmlM(rin«llt '>
Syn* "To dUjolnt i riiutilAtp ; divjirt i upvef
li> JrtudJ 1. Tti iN>ud ftwav t tq [ri<innU tr> go ; to put
*«?■¥. % Tf> dj«can1 , lo dfucUsxiiE'- 3- To reject.
Cit' mla'llon ; ■ iit TaIi'IVh), n. 1. A dlMM \hm ii^ ; } t«ave to
dprnn, 2. Elf>tri4>vsUmru officii ill itolmrp. 3, E^iection.
Dtl-SXbslTe IjuTVTt). □. Giving dUiitiMli}}!,
ma aurnQt' { motinf^V v. i. [Prut, if(>- h mo**ji r.] To
ali^lit from h horw; in de«cpnd.-^r. /. To throw or
*>riujj flowu frOTH 4ti vLevariuii^ iiliici? (if lujnarT I'tc. 2.
To unhuTite. 3- To tike (iiisfrbtiiery) dou ti, or nj^art.
DIs o-ba ^dl ent ( ' iTe^ft ■ It^ti T -^ut l, -^ . Neir lo^t i 1 1 l{ or re-
f ' 1 - ' r 1 !,: r :,-. Ty^imctory. — Dla 0 -Wdl-enc^. n. —
DU a-lM'dl-ajit-lTt aJt".
Dlro-bey' (-ba>), r. /. & <. [F. de^obSir; pref. d<«*-
(L. di#-) -f- oWir. See Obkt.] To neglect or refuse to
obey (a superior, the laws, etc.) ; to violate (an order).
Diro-ttUM' (-ft-bliJO, V. t. To offend by unkindness.
WM^O-Wglng (-bll'JTng), a. Not obliging; not dis-
posed to do a favor. — IMs'o-llll'i^lllg-ly. adv.
Wm-m'6lU (-Or'dSr), n. 1. Want of order or regular
arrangement. 2. Neglect of system ; irreguUrity. 3.
Breach of public order ; tumult. 4. Disturbance of the
animal economy or of the aoul : sickness ; deranvement.
Stu.— Irregularity : disarrangement ; commotion : dis-
turbance ; illness ; malady : distemper. See Dimbask.
^ r. /. To disturb the oraer of ; to derange ; to disturb.
Syn. — To disarrange ; derange ; confuse ; discompose.
Dte-Off^ter-ly, a. X Not in order ; disarranged ; im-
metbodical. 2. Not complying with restraints of order
and law ; turbulent. 3. Offensive to decency. »odv. In
a disorderly manner ; without law or order ; coiif uaedly.
- DlS^r'ditf-UBMg (dTs^r^dSr-lT-nSa), n.
Syn. — IrrMular: imxnethodical ; confuaed; tumultu*
oua : inordinate ; intemperate ; unruly ; lawleaa ; vioiona.
DUHV'Cail-lie (dla-dr^gon-ix), v. t. To destroy the
organic structure or regular aystem of (a government,
aociety, party, etc.).— DlgHir'cail-i-nlMII, n.
Dls-own' (dTs-SnO, V. t. 1. To refuse to own as be-
longing to one's self ; to disavow. 2. To refuse to allow.
8yn. — To diaavow ; diaclaim ; renounce ; disallow.
Dlg-par'«fe (dls-pSr^j ; 2), r. t. [OF. detparagier
to marry unequally ; pref. des- (L. dU-) -\- parage ex-
traction, lineage, fr. L. par equal, peer.] To dishonor
by comparison with what is Inferior ; to lindervidue.
Syn. — To depreciate; undervalue: underrate; re-
proach ; detract from ; degrade : debase. See Dkbt.
Dte-ptr'ac^-BMnt, m. Injurious compariaon with an
inferior ; depreciating opinion ; diminution of value.
Syn. — Indignity ; derogation ; detraction ; reproach ;
dishonor ; debasement ; degradation ; disgrace.
Dlg-parl-ty (-T-ty ), n. [LL. dUpanta*, fr. L. <fi^r
, ^ - - -f par equal. 1 Inequalitv; differ-
ence in age, rank, condition, or excellenoe ; dissunilitude.
unlike, unequal ;
ice in age, rank, wmujviuu, ur exceuenoe ; uiouiui
Syn. — UnlikenesB ; disproportion ; difference.
Dlg-ptrt' (-pKrf ), V. I. & i. To part ; to separate.
Difl-pas'slOII (-pishOin), n. Freedom from passion.
Dig-pu'stOB-ato (-tt), a. 1. Free from paaslon or
feeling ; judicial ; composed. 2. Not dictated by passion,
temper, or bias ; imnartial. — Dlg-pu'sloil-«to-ly . adv.
Syn. —Calm ; cool ; aerene ; impartial ; unmfBed.
Dto-MtOk' (-pich' ; 62), v. t. [OF. detpeechier, F. di-
pech^T] [Written also despatch.'] 1. To dispose of
(business) quickly. 2. To send away hastilv. 3. To send
off (messenffers, messages, letters, etc.). 4. To send out
of the world ; to put to death. —r. t. To hasten.
Syn. — Toexpedite ; hasten ; speed ; finish ; slay ; kiU.
— n. 1. A sending a message or messenger. 2. Dismissal ;
riddance. 3. Diligence ; haste. 4. A message sent with
speed ; ofBcial letter. 6. A telegraphic message.
Syn. — Haste ; hurry : promptness ; speed. See Habtb.
Dlg-pel' (-pSlO, r. t. [h. dUpellere ; dU- -f- peltere to
push, drive.] To drive away and cause to vanish.
Dig-pen'sa-bto (-p6n's4.bn), a. Capable of being dis-
pensed or dispensed with.
Dte-POI'MI-IT (-rj^), n. 1. Place where medicines are
prepared and dispensed. 2. A dispensatory.
IwMll-Mticni (dTs'pCn-sfi'shlin), n. 1. A dispena-
ing or dealing out ; distribution of good and evil by Ood
to man. 2. That which is dispensed or appointed. 3.
Relaxation of a law in a particular case.
Dte-pmlM-tlve (-pSn'si-tTv), a. Granting dispensa-
tion. — Dlfl-pen'Ba-tl¥»-ly, adr. [uter ; dispenser. I
Dlfl'P«n-M'tOr (dTs^j^n-si'tSr^, n. [L.] A distrib-|
Dig-Mll'gft-to-ry (dls-pen's4-t«-rj^), a. Granting, or
authorized to grant, dispensations. ^ n. A book or
formulary describing drugs and their preparations.
Dls-pauW (-pSnsO, r. /. [F. difpenxer, L. dUpen-
tare ; dit- -f- pendere to weigh. J 1. To deal out in por-
tions; to distribute. 2. To apply (laws to particular
cases) ; to direct. 3. To exempt ; to absolve. ^ r. t . To
give dispensation. — Dig-ptlUrer, fi.
DIS-IMBO'l^ (-pS'p'l), r. /. To depopulate.
Di-sper^mons (df-spjr'rolls), a. [Or. at- = its + <nr^-
fxa seed, fr. vtrtiptiy to now.] Containing only two seeds.
Dig-pane' (dTs-p?r»'), v. t. [L. dispergere, -persum ;
dit- 4- tpargere to scatter.] 1. To scatter abroad ; to
distribute. 2. To scatter and cause to vsnish.
Syn. — To scatter ; dissipate ; dispel ; disseminate.
Dli-per'glon(-pSr'shiin),n. 1. A dispersing. 2. Sepa-
ration of liglit into its different colored rays.
Dlg-plrlt (-pTr'Tt), r. t. To deprive of cheerful
spirits ; to discourage.
Syn. — To dishearten ; cast down ; daunt ; cow.
Dlg-plaod' (-plSs'), V. t. 1. To change the place of.
fSm, raoent, drb, rude, f^ll, ftm, fdbd, fdbt, out, oil, eliair, go, aing, iQk, tSien, thin.
DISPLACEMENT
174
DISSENSION
3. To crowd out ; to take the place of. 3. To remove
from a state, office, dignity, or employment ; to depoee.
Sjn, — To diaarranee ; derange ; dUuuiss : discard.
Dli-^lAOarment (dls-plis'mmt), n. 1. A displacing
or being displaced. 2. The quantity of anything, as
water, displaced by a floating body, as by a ship.
DiS-Dlaat' (-plftntO, r. /. To remove (what is planted
or fixed ) ; to root out. — DJUKnUn-Ul'tiOll, n.
Dls-puiy' (-plaO, V. t. [OF. dfspleier, dexplmer;
pref. det- (L. di*-) -{-pleier^ ploier, plier, to fold, bend,
h.plicare. Bee Ply.] 1. To unfold ; to spread out. 2.
To e\t*^nd the front at (a H^nTiirni , r.f tTOf>p»i>. 3 Ti i -jiFf'sd
bf'iiHT tU^ tifw ; t^) eihihic to ttji' ai^Jtf, ur \i* Xhv luind.
4- To »et ill Tii^w coii<ApiciiDUBl>r
fiyn* — To erhfliie j aliOw; pariKte ; exiund : Amunt.
— 'ff. 1. E^i^UilMiiou ; iiiJuiiifMt«iij:iii]. 2, Sltaw ; [tar^le.
Dlj'PlMM^ ( I»]?»'). r. t. [CIF. ifrjtfft^ifir ; pr^r Wf*.
{L. *fi^-) -r itfrtftir to nlfuiw.] Ti* b* dlfl4igr«4ble to.
5X"' r Tooffifjn] i cliigiiftt i TBI i aiimiy ; nJTnmt.
DllFl«M'al« {-f<liEjEl/^r; Aii), M. 1. TliA fpHing of
OTM? whfi f* <1JA}ilH4iM'd. 2. Csiiw uf Aimoyaiicv.
Bfn^ - l>j&niit ijif«rt ion ; liitt*^; nvrrxiun ; hi<lli?uatl«n.
IHi ptoOe' < plS.J'>, i\ i. A I. [L- t1i*fiimffrf, piw/f^ ;
dii^ + jthMirrf, jfJtftiifrrm, tn I'lapp* b*'iit.^ To diM'ltAri^^e ;
to fSliiIodi- ; to buret. — DiBrplo'^ioii, ti,
Dlft-port' £4lii'tt5rt'), 1^ [OF. 4rjmfiti- pref. Fff*- iL.
if it- 1 -r ;>€ii/^r t^ emrry. j Hflj ; divi^folun.^ i . ^ To piny ;
Dta-poi'a-Wa ^ijCh;''* b*h. rf, Subject to dtiposuL
DtA-p(M''al M>3?e^/I>, n. 1. A iliftpcMlnfr. or di^vonlng
of, anything 2. OnWinn^ ; dLriTCtEozi. 3. E^^elatimj of
the fat«, L'Oiiditidn, uppHL^atkiii, i-tc^ of Aiiythkif?; tfTnis-
!«reree ; n pHrtttu^ with- 4. Power to dti^pow of.
Syn, DinpoiUioii^ nittiiHKeiiif'nt ; conSmt ; i-{*ntrol.
|#o*rr lopla-'e. t^p I'tHRj 1, To distrtbutft and put in
tm\vT. 3. To iuJjii*i ■ to (fC't^riitiue. 3. To SMlffti to a
use. 4. To give a tendency to ; to incline the mind of.
To dlspoas of. (a) To determine the fate of ; to assign for
a use. (b) To part with.
Syn. — To set ; arrange : adjust ; adapt ; fit : give.
Dte-pOMd' (-pSzd'), jK a. Inclined ; minded.
Dlfl-pos'OT, n. A regulator ; director ; bectower.
Dlrp(Htf'ttoll(-p6-xTsl/Iin),n. [F.] 1. A disposing,
regulating, or transferring. 2. Distribution ; order. 3.
Tendency resulting from natural constitution; quality.
4. Propenitfty ; conscious inclination. I
Sjm, — DisposiTion; Charactbr ; Tbmpkb; disposal: '
adjustment ; regulation ; arrangement ; distribution ; or-
der ; method : adnptation ; inclination ; propensity ; be-
stowment ; alienation ; mood. — Dinyoxitiov is the natural
humor of a person, th<>i predominating quality of his char-
acter. Charncffn- is this disposition influenced by motive,
training, and will. Tfmjyrr is a quality of the fiber of
character, displayed when the emotions are aroused.
DIS^POS-MMK (-p8z-zSs'), r. /. To put out of posses-
sion ; to deprive of the occupancy of (land or real estate) ;
to eject. — Dls'pos-aes'alon, n. — Dls^pos-MM'or, n.
Dte-praiae' (dTs-priz'), r. t. To withdraw praise from ;
to disparage; to blame. —n. Detraction; censure.
Dli-]nroof (-pro&f ), n. A proving to be false.
DlS^pro-por'tiOIl (dTs^prt-pSr'shnn), n. 1. Want of
proportion ; lack of symmetry. 2. Want of suitableness ;
disparity. — r. f. To make unsuitable ; to Join unfitly. —
DIs'pro-por'tion-al. Dls'pro-por'tlon-ate, a. — Dim'-
pro-poHion-al-ly, Dls'pro-por'tioii-ate-ly, odr.
Dte-prore' (-pr55v'), r. t. To prove t« be false.
DlB'FII-U-Me (dTft'ptt-til-bn), a. Capable of being dis-
puted ; controvertible. — Dls'pil-tA-Ule-IM88, n.
Dlsfpa-tant (-tant), ff. Disputing; engaged in contro-
▼ersy. ^n. A controvertist.
Dwini-tAtlfHI, n. A disputing ; controversy.
Dls'Fii-U'tloai (-shfis), Dte-pat'a-tlye (-put'&tTv), n.
Inclined to dispute; apt to cavil; characterized by dispute.
WM-vaW (-puf ), r. {. & t. [OF. dejtpuler^ dispxtter,
ft. L. aisputartt -iatum ; dis- -f putare to clean ; hence.
fig., to clear up, reckon, think.] To attempt to over-
throw ; to discuss ; to reason ; to debate ; to controTert ;
to question. — Dis-pBf«r (dTs-pufSr), n.
Syn. — To controvert ; contest ; gaiiaaay ; doubt ; ques-
tion ; argue ; debate ; discuss ; impugn. Bee Abgcb.
^n. 1. Verbal comtroversv ; debate. 2. Contest.
Srn. — Argumentati<ai ; debate ; discuaaioo ; quarrel ;
contention ; wrangling. See Altsrtatiov.
DlS-«nud l-fi-oa1loa (-kw9M-lT-ki'alifin), n. 1. A
disqualifying or being disqualified ; incompetency ; dia-
ability. 2. That which incapaciUtes or makes unfit.
IMs-qaal1-fy (-T-fl), r. /. 1. To deprive of nec«nary
qualities ; to render unfit. 2. To debar.
DlMl1ll'«t (•kwT'St). n. Want of quiet or tranquinity ;
uneasiness ; anxieU*. — r. t. To deprive of peace, rest,
or tranqifillitv. — 0te-^|1ll'et-lie«l, Dl8-qill'*>t1ld«. n.
Syn. — To harass ; disturb : vex ; fret ; excite ; agitate.
Difl'qnl-SitlOll (dTs'kwT-xIfth'On), n, [L. dismiintio ;
diS' -+- quaerere to seek.] A systematic inquiry into any
subject ; dissertation.
Dls^ra-gard' (-rt-gKrd'), r. t. Not to regard or heed ;
to slight. ^ fi. A disregarding or being disregarded ;
want of attention. — Dlfl'rv-sararfnl, a.
DiS-ral'lall (-r«Tsh), n. 1. Want of relish ; dislike.
2. Absence of palatable quality ; nauseousnesa. — r. f.
1. To feel disgust at 2. To make nauseous.
Dls rvp'll-U-llle (-r«p'6-tA-bn), a. Not reputable ; of
bad repute. — Dls-np'ii-Ul-bly, ndv.
Syn. — Dishonorable ; low ; mean ; shameful.
DU^rv-vnte' (dYs^r^-puf), n. Loss or want of reputa-
tion ; ill character ; di^esteem ; discredit.
Syn. — Disesteem; discredit; dishonor: disgrace.
Dls're-speot' (-rS-spCktO. n. Want of respect or rev-
erence; disesteem; discourtesy. — DtaTe-spcctfol. n.
— Dlm-8P60tf U-ly, adv. [undresp. I
DiS-robo' (dTs-rSb'), r. t. & i. To divest of a robe ; to|
Dls-XUpt' (-rttpf), a. [L. disrtimpere^ -rupium ; di*-
4 rumperetohxxxtl.^ Rent off ; torn asunder ; severed.
— r. t. To rend. — Ew-IUp^lOll, n. — Dis-IUptlT*, o.
Dla-Bat'lB-fac/ttall (-Eftt'Te-fSk'shttn), fi. A being dis-
satisfied or discontented ; uneasiness.
Syn. — Discontent ; displeasure ; distaste ; dislike.
DIS-SArls-fao'tO-ry (-tS-rj^), a. Causing diaaatiafac-
tion ; unable to give content ; unsatisfactory.
DIS-Mltls-fy (-rStTs-f I), r. /. To render unsatisfied or
discontented ; to dirplease by want of something requisite.
Dlfl-MCt' (-fekt'V, r. t. [L. diuecare, -tectnvn ; dis-
-f secare to cut.] 1. To cut in pieces ; to separate the
parts of (an animal or plant) for examination ; to anato-
mise. 2. To analyie. — Dis-vectl-ble, a.
Dls-MO'tion (-Fek'shBn), n. 1. The dissecting an animal
or plant. 2. Critical exawinatiou. 3. Thing dissected.
Dis-Mlie' (-sSz'), f. /. To deprive of seisin or legal pos-
session ; to disroasf ss wrongfully. [Written also<ft«mif .]
DiB^Mi-iee' (-eS-zS^. n. One disseised.
Di8-Ml'lill (-sS'cTn), n. A disseizing ; an unlawful
dispossessing of one actually seised of the freehold.
Dis-Ml'ior (-z5r), n. One who disseizes another.
DiS-Mmlde (-Eem'b'l), r. t. & 1. [F. dis- -)- temhier
to seem, L. simulare to simulate.] To feign ; to maak.
Syn. — See Concbal.
DlS-MDllller, »'. One who diEguises his opinions.
Syn. — Dissembler : Hypocbtte. ~ A dissembler con-
ceals his real character ; a hypocrite assumes a false
character and is habitually Insincere.
Dls-Seml-IUIte (-Y-n5t), r. /. & i. [L. disseminare^
-^intum ; dis- -f sentinare to sow ; semen seed.] 1. To
sow brcMMlcast or as seed ; to diffuse (principles, ideas,
errors, etc.). 2. To spread by dispersion. — Sis-ftm'-
i-na-tlye, f. — Dla-Boml-iuia«r, n.
Syn. — To spread ; diffuse ; propagate ; scatter.
Dis-Mni'1-IUItlOII, n. A disseminating, or being dis-
seminated ; a spreading abroad (ideas, beliefs, etc.).
Dlt-tan'SlMI (-eBn'shOn), n. [L. dissensio."} Dis>
agreement ; breach of union ; discord ; quarrel.
ft, S, I, m a, long ; ft, «, 1, 6, A, ft short ; snftte, « vsnt, tdsa, Obey, tUnite, o4re, ftrm, Ask, fU, fiii«l.
DISSENT
176
DISTINGUISHABLE
(dTB-aSutO, r. t*. [L. dUgentire^ -seiixum ;
dis- + tentire to (eel, tlunk. Bee Bbhsb.] 1. To differ iu
opiukm ; to diMgree. 2. To differ f roiu au establiahed
cburob.^11. £ A diaeeniing; nouagreemeat or dle-
agreemoDt. 2. Separation from au e»tabiiahed church,
MD. that of EngUnd ; noucooformity. — Dis-MnfOT, n.
8yn.— Dingreement; difference; uonconcurrence.
WB^amitk&ai (-eBn'alient), a. Diaagreeing ; declaring
diaaent ; diaaentiiig. » ». One who dliaenta.
Dis-MBtloai (-ahfiii), a. Quarrelaoiue ; factioua.
Dto'Mr-tltlon (-eSr-ti'ah&n), n. [L. di$*eHatio ; dU-
Mrtare^ -tatutn, to diacuaa; dis- -\- terere to connect.]
A formal argumentative dlacourae ; diaquiaition ; eaaay.
Dto-Mrre' (-ainrOt r. t. To fail to aerre ; to hurt ; to
harm. —Dts^anrlot, n. — Dis-t8nr1c»«-1d«, a.
DlS-MV'OT (-a8v'8r), v. t. & i. [OF. desserrer; pref.
de»- (L. diM-) -f- »errer to aerer, L. aeparart to aeparate.]
Topart in twa — Dls-MT'OT-AIUM, Dit-SIV^OT-BIMIt, n.
uWwIUknX (-aT-drat), a. [L. dissidettSj -rtUis, p. pr.
of distidere to ut ap:irt, to diaagree ; dis- + sedere to ait.]
Not agreeing ; diacordant. — n. One who di^aenta, or aep-
aratea from the eatabliahed religion. — DUKBt-tenoe, n.
DiB-tlml-lur (-aTrnt-lir), a. Not aiinilar ; unlike. —
IMs-iiiiil-lur-ly, adv. - Dls4dm'Mail-tT (Ur^-ty ), n.
lUMft^mSL'i'tmU (-aT-mTia-tud), i«. Diadmilarity.
DlB^lm^-Utt (-aTm'fi.lit), r. t. [L. disnmulare, -ia-
turn. See Dubbmbla.] To disaemble ; to feign ; to pretend.
— Dis^lm's-U'tlon, n. — Dis-gtni'ii-U'tor, n. [L. ]
Dla'll-pat* (-aT^pit), V. /. [L. dutipare, -pfttum ; dis-
4- obe. sipare to throw.] 1. To acatter completely. 2.
To aquander. ^ r. t. 1. To waste away ; to vanisli.
2. To be extravagant or diaaolute in puratdt of pleaaure.
Dia'll-pA'tlOllT-pi'ah&n), n. 1. A diaaipating or dia-
peraing. 2. Diaaolute life. 3. Waate of time.
Dto4W'€il-ttU (dTa-aS'ahi-bn), a. [L. dissopuibUis, f r.
dissociate. See I>I880ciatb.1 1. Not well aaaociated or
aaeorted ; incongruoua. 2. Unaodable.
Di»-M^0Ul(-ahal).a. [Pref. (fi«-+««M^'] Unfriendly
to aodety ; contracted ; aelflah.
DlS-flO'ol-At* (-ahT-St), r. /. [L. dissociare, -atum ; dis-
-f soeiare to unite, soeius companion. ] To aeparate from
fellowship or union ; to disjoin. — Du-flO^ol-atlOII, n.
Dla'SO-lS-ld* (Hi6-l6-b*l), a. [L. dissolubiiis. See Du-
aoLVB. ] 1. Capable of being diaaolved by heat or moiature ;
convertible into a fluid. 2. Capable of being diaunlted.
Wa^WO-lV^ (-lut), a. [L. dissolverty -sotutum. See
DiaaoLTB.] Looaed from reatraint ; looae in morala and
oooduct. —Dto'io-liito-ly, adv. — Dla'lO-lllto-lieMI, n,
Syn.— Uncurbed; wanton; licentioua; profligate.
Wa^m^ULtUm (-ItPahan), n. [F. ; fr. L. dissolutio, fr.
dissolvtre. See Dumlvb.] 1. A diaaolving, aunderiug,
or aeparating into component parte. 2. Change from a
•olid to a fluid state ; liouefaction ; melting. 3. Chemical
daoompoeitioD ; reaolution. 4. Diaperaion of an aaaembly
or parteership. 6. Extinction of human life ; death.
DIa-MlVt' (dTs-sQlv^), V. t. & t. [L. dissolvere^ -sotu-
tum ; diS' + solvere to loose, freej 1. To separate into
component parts ; to break up. 2. To separate. 3. To
oonvert into a liauid by heat, moisture, etc. ; to melt ; to
■often. 4. To solve ; to clear up. — Dte-wdv^ant, a. & n.
Wa^WO-mant (dTs'8^>nant), a. [L. dissonans, -antis,
p, pr. of dissonart to be diacordant ; dis- 4- sonare to
sound.] 1. Sounding harahly ; diacordant. 2. Diaagree-
ing; inoonemoua. — Dis'io-lUUlOO, Dls'M>-luUl-OT, n.
ma-WQMtU^ (-swid'), r. /. [L. disstiadere^ -suasttm ;
dis- -h suadere to persuade.] To divert or turn by per-
suasion from a purpose. — IHs-Sllft'BiT* (•swS'rT v), a. & n.
Wm^UMfaUm (-swi'shfin), n. l. a dissuading. 2. A
dissuasive ; consideration tending to diMuade.
Dl»<yiaa-U« (.sTinA.bM), n. [Or. dt<n;AAa/3<K ; <4- =
4tc twice -f- wAAa/M syllable.] A word of two syllables.
— Dirsyl-llb^CdTs'an-iftbiTk), a.
Dteaaff(-taf),f». [A&,distaef.] SUff holding a bunch
of flax, tow, or wool, from which thread is spun by hand.
Dis-taill' (dTs-tinO, v. t. [OF. desteindre to take away
the color ; pref. des- (L. dis-) -\- V. teindre to tinge, L.
tingere.] To stain ; to discolor ; to defile.
Dls'Uuloe(-tans),n. [F. ; h. dislantia.'] 1. The space
between two objects. 2. Remoteness of place. 3. Re-
serve required by respect ; ceremoniousneas. 4. Aliena-
tion ; coldness, ^r. /. 1. To place at a distance. 2. To
outstrip, or surpass greatly.
Difl'tant (-taut), a. [P., fr. L. distans^ -antis^ p. pr.
of distare to stand apart ; dis- -f- stare to stand. J 1.
Be '"^ " -- r^-- 2 Far off; not near; remote. 3.
R(^ ■ r^,i, , . EiLLi^h^. 4. Indistinct ; faint.
- Dli'tant ly, ■ ■
^lyn. - s."|^.ij.>Et' : E-tr : rK^xitote; alight; faint.
0U tuite' i-tri^t'i I. 1 Averaiou of the taste; dis-
lik-v 3. lki,j.|-.i^i.u:. Aiu'ri'. — V. /. Todisllke.
ir.yn. l»MM']i^h : ai.-:.)!,. iiitation: dislike; diagust.
DiAUAte'ful. r 1. I M| leasanttothetaste. 2. Of-
f eii" i ^ L. 3 Miki \i\v^l i h»? lU r 1 1 ke. — Dis-tastelol-ly, adv,
SyiK XatineQii'i ; iiikviuhry; dis]^easing; disgusting.
DiB tBm'pef (-ifiuk'K-r 1, r . /. [OF. drstemprer; prei.
(tf,y {h. tiu-) -r iftupirr to temper, L. trniperare to
miihJH^Ii*^.] Li Toderuigt* tkr- functions of; to disorder;
to iLs^aae. 2. Tc» tlinturb; to make disaffected or
malignant. ^ n. 1. An unnatural temper, or dispropor-
tionate mixture of parts. 2. A malady ; disorder. 3. A
painter^s preparation of pigments with weak glue or sise
instead of oil.
Syn. - Disorder ; malady ; indisposition. See Disbars.
Tna-Xaa^' (-tSnd'), v. t. & i. [L. distemiere^ -tentum^
•iensum ; dis- 4- iemlere to stretch.] To iengtiien out.
— Dis-tan'Al-bM, a. — Dls-tmtloii, Dte-tan'ston, n.
Syn. — To dilate ; exmrnd ; enlarge ; swell ; inflate.
Ins'tloll (-tTk), n. [Or. Sitmx<K with two rows or
verses ; ii- = dtc twice -f- arixp^ row, verse.] A couple
of poetic lines making complete sense. — Dll'tloh-OIUi, a.
Dil-tUl', Dto-tll' T-tTlOi «*• f • [F. disiiUer, fr. L. de-
stiliare ; de -f- 'stillnre to drop, stilla a drop.] 1. To
drop ; to trickle. 2. To flow gently. 3. To practice
distillation. «r. t, 1. To send down in drops. 2. To
extract fspirito, essential oil, etc.) by distillation.
Dls'dl-U'tloil (dTs^tTl-li'shtlu). n. 1. A falling or
_ >uring out in drops. 2- Separation of the volatile parts
of a substance from the more fixed ; the driving off gas
or vapor from volatile liquida or aolids, by heat in a
retort or still, and the condensation of the products.
3. Substance extracted by distilling. — Dis-tlll'«r. n.
Dis-tUl'tr-y, n. Works where distilling U done.
Dto-tlnot' (-tTjiktO, a. [L. distingtiere^ -tinctum, to
distinguish.] 1. Separate in place ; not united. 2. Not
identical ; different ; individual. 3. Well-defined.
Syn. — Separate ; disjoined ; different ; clear ; plsin.
Dis-tinetlOll (-tTQk'slidn), n. 1. A making distinct ;
a distinguishing between objects, or the qualities by
which one is known from others. 2. Distinguishii^r
quality; difference. 3. Regard to distinguishing cir-
cumstances. 4. Conspicuous station ; eminence.
Syn. — Difference ; variation ; contrast ; diversity ;
discrimination; preference; rank; note; eminence.
Dis-ttnotlT* (-tTv), a. Uarking distinction or differ-
ence ; characteristic ; peculiar. — DIS-tflno'tlT^-ly, <tdv.
Dto-ttnotly (-tTQktnj^). adv. With distinctness ; not
confusedly ; without blending one thing with another.
Syn. — Separately ; clearly ; plainly ; obviously.
IHs-tSnot'naMI, n. 1. The being distinct ; differeocc
that prevents confusion. 2. Nice discrimination.
Syn. — Plainness : clearness ; precision ; perspicuity.
DiS-ttn'CVilh (-tTn'gwTsh), r. /. [L. distinguere,
-tinctum ; di- =r dis- -f stinguere to auench, extinguish.]
1. To set ap«rt from others by visible marks. 2. To
discriminate (anjrthing) from other things. 3. To make
to differ. 4. To make eminent or known. — r. i. To make
diwtiuctionN ; to discriminate. — DU-tlll'glllall-a-ttl6, a.
Syn. — To mark; discriminate; differentiate; charac-
terize ; discern ; perceive : signalize : honor ; glorify.
fSm, recent, 6rb, rydc, f^^ Urn, food, fol>t, out, oil, cliair, go, ains, i|}k, then, tl&in.
DISTINGUISHED
176
DIVERS
Dli-tlBjMabtd (dTft-tTo'gwTsht), a. 1. Marked;
qMcUL 2. Separated from otlien by distinct superiority.
Syn. — Du-nirouniao ; BMnnoiT ; Ck>inpicuoDS ; Gbl-
nsATiD ; iLLDtrmious ; marled : noted : f amoiu ; trau-
■oendeut ; eztraordiuarr ; prominent. — A man is emi-
nent, wlien he stands high as compared with tiioae around
hun ; contMcuous, wlien so elerated as to be observed ;
ilisHngitishedt when something makes liim stand aput
from others in the public view ; ceJebrtUed, when widely
spoken of with honor ; illuMriouM, when invested with a
splendor conferring this liigbest dignity.
OlS-tlB'Clllgll-tllg, a. Oistinctive ; characteristic.
DU-torr (-tOrf), r. /. [L. diatorquert, -tortum ; dit-
itorquere to twist. J 1. To twist out of shape or direction.
To wrest from the true meaning. — Dii-tarHOttt *••
Syn. — To twist ; wrest ; deform ; pervert.
Dto-tlior (-trlkt^), r. t. [L. distrahere, -traetunij to
draw Munder; dU- -f trahere to drmw.J 1. To draw
anart or away ; to divide ; to disjoin. 2. To draw (the
Bight, mind, or attention) in different directions ; to con-
fuse. 3. To unsettle the reason of ; to madden ; — most
used in the participle, dUtrat^ed.
IHg-tnoiloil (-trlk'slittii), n. 1. A distracthig ; sep-
aration. 2. That which diverts attention ; a diversion.
2. Confusion; perplexity. 4. Tumult; disorder. 5.
Agitation: despair. 6. Derangement; madness.
Syn. - Perplexity ; confusion ; disturbance ; disorder ;
dlsseniion ; tumult ; derangement ; madness ; raving.
Dfg-traotlye (-tl v), a. Causing perplexity.
DUhtrain' (-trb/y, r. /. [OF. destreindre to press,
fr. L. diatringere^ -trietum, to molest ; di- = dU- -f-
Hrinatre to draw U^ht.] (a) To seise as a pledge ; to take
by dlstrasa. (ft) To coerce. » r. i. To levy a distress.
— DftMnda'or. Dlg-tnln'OT, n. -. DtMnlAf, n.
n Dto'tnir (dTs'trr), a. [P. Bee Dnnucr.] Ab-
■ent-minded ; lost In thought ; abstracted.
Dli-tnilllllt' (dTs4r||tO. p. p. & a. Distracted.
Dig-tTMl' (-trSsOt n. [OF. destrtue. denttrHer to
distress, (assviroed) LL. dUtrictinrt^ fr. L. distringere.y
-atrictumA L Extreme suffering of body or mind. 2.
Painful situation ; misery. 3. Sf^te of danger or neces-
sity. 4. (") A legal distraining ; the taking of a persmial
ehattel as plHge for redress of an injury or performance
of a duty. (6) Thing seised to procure satinaction.
Syn. — 8'iffering
pain : ngony ; misery ; grief ;
row ; calamity ; croublA ; Adversity. Bee ArrucTioK.
«• r. t. 1. To nain. 2. To B««if a for debt ; to distrain.
Syn. —To pain ; perplex ; afflict ; worry ; annoy.
IHS-trtlKSto (-trfyot). r. t. [L. dUtribnere, -bntum,
to distribute ; (fit- -f Mbftrre to Allot. Bee Tubutb.] 1.
To divide among several. 2. To dispeniie ; to adminla-
ter. 3. To rl^nify ; to assort. — Dig-tlflyil-Ul-1d«« a,
Sm. — To dispense : deal out ; apportion ; allot : share.
D»-trn»^-tMr (-tt-tSr), n. One that distributee.
Dirtll-bll'ttoll (-trT-bu'shdn), n. 1. A distribttting ;
Mportionment. 2. Separation into parts or classes. 3.
ToMt which is diRtribut«Hl. 4. Th<» sorting of types.
Syn. — Ai>portionment : allotraAnt : arrangf>ment.
IMs-tllb'll-tlve (-trTyo-tTv), a. 1. Tending to dis-
tribute : dealbig to each bis share. 2. Expressing gram-
matical separation ; denoting a taking singly, not col-
lectively ; as, a dUtribntire adjective or pronoun, snrh as
taeh^ eitAeVy every; a duirihitiire nnmt^nd, as (Latin)
Mni (two by two). — n. A distributive adj(H:tive, etc.
Dlg-tlflni-tlTe-ly, odv. Bv distribution : singly.
Dls'tflot (dT^'trtkt). n. [LL. dhtHetus di^trirt. f r. L.
dittrirgertt -tHrtum. See DiATiiAig.] 1. A division of
territory ; defined portion of a state, city, etr., made for
administrative or other purposes. 2. A territory of un-
defined extent ; region. — r. /. To divide into districts.
Syn. — Division : circuit ; province ; tract ; region.
IMi-tnigt' (-trttiit'), V. /. To 1 v>k trust in ; to be sus-
picious of; to mistrunt. — n. 1. Doubt of sntnoiency
or reality ; wsnt of reliance. 2. Snnpicion. 3. A being
auspected. — Dig-tniSt'fllL n. — Dig-tmstfiil-ly, odr.
Dto-torb' (-tfirb'), r. t. [L. dutnrbare, -batum ; dU- -(-
turbare to disturb, htrba dlaorder, tmnult, erowd.] 1.
To disorder. 2. To agitate the mind of ; to reader un-
easy. -Dig-tnnKw (dTs-tftrb^), n.
Syn. — To disorder : disquiet : incommode ; mttm.
Dte-tuVlBOt (wium), n. 1. Derm^Kement of the reg-
ular course of things ; disorder. 2. Confnsioa of mind.
3. Violent public cuiumoCiou ; tumult. 4. The hinder-
ing a person in the lawful enjoyment of his xigbt.
Syn. — Tumult ; brawl ; commotloa ; disorder ; de-
rangement ; conf uaiou ; agitation ; annoyance.
Dte-Utlon (-Su'yiin), n. 1. Termination of union ;
srpantfnn ; djajiukcttou. 2- Breach of concord ; aliena-
ti-^ML. 3- L>j«ru^tioii ol tli^ uaion of the Btatea forming
thi^ i n t it^ StAt^ii, _ Dll^im' iOB-ist, n. [separate. I
O la n nil*' <, fl*ji] t' ),*./. .i <. To divide ; to part ; to |
DiM a 'nl t7 ( I n fr^ij^itl -t^ I . n . Disunion ; want of unity.
UiMU»«' \ U£'i,f t 1. Ti^ceaaetouse; todlsoontinue
tk - f r.itiitv uf. 2. TodUatniitom. [cise; desuetude. I
Dig lutt' lL-riw^)h n. Cvsmitim of use, praotioe, or exer- 1
DJIch (int li ; 5:\ u. \OY\ dick, same word as dik.
S(n hi&Lj A tmnrli ddfr ill iheoarUi.^r. I. 1. Todig
dlr. hi « Lij or n round. 2^ T*. throw into a ditch.
DlUi^ynunb (dTt ti^rimb or -rim), n. [Or. M^pa^-
fio^ luk' fi>><«tryiij honor t^r Bacchus.1 A kind of lyric
Bx-cn ii> honor vt Bocclius. a wild Irregular poon. —
lOi y ramOilo ^rSiii'btlt>, it. A n.
Dtt^tl ny (drt'^ti^iif >, n. [Or. tumiMi^ a pisnt of
M iXrff Ui Crrt^ 1 A piimt of the Mint family.
pi. Drrro^ (-t^i). [It., fr. r *
>>.«'Hif >>{; same (as bef Of
Dlt'lOi t^O. n
. Lb dietmm.
to Jv., Ui U* trWw ..4J
"{; same (as bef ore). Coutr.
'(").
>fore).
Used
in bills.
tables, etc., to save repetition. •» adv. As aforesaid ;
Dlt^ (-ty), n, [OF. diliS, fr. U dietan, -/e/Mm, to
say often, compose.] 1. A saying ; theme. 2. A song ; Isy.
mu-nftlo (di'tt-rit^k), o. [Or. Sieepirna^, fr. 6U
through -f- evpcir to make water, fr. etpor urine.] Tend-
ing to hicrease the secretion and discharge of urine. •»
n. A medicine with diuretic properties.
Dl-Utial (dt-Qr'nal), a. [L dinmalU, fr. dies day.]
1. Relating to the daytime ; —opp. to iMcAiniaf. 2. Daily;
recurring every day ; performed in a day. 3. Openiag
during the day, and dosing at night ; — said of flowers or
leaves. 4. Active by day^
Syn. — Bee Daily.
IMll-tlir'Bal (di'ft-tfir'nAl), a
[L. diutumus, fr. diu
a long time, by day.] Of long continuanoe ; lastlug.
»'),«»• '^ "
Orien
counc
3. Cushioned sofa or couch,
Di-TtB' (dT-vlii>);
1. An Oriental council of state ; royal
2. Hall where a council U held; state raception
counciL]
[Per. tfltrdn coUeotion of books.
Orients! council of state ; royal oonit.
Dl-Tar^-oat* (dt-vSrl-kit), v.i.At. [L. <
•cntum, to stretch apart ; di'=:di*- -|- rarieare to s
die, fr. varru stretched outwards.] To part into two
branchea ; to fork. •» a. 1. Divenuig ; spreedii^ aaui-
der. 2. Forking. — IM-TarlHMmMI. n.
DiT* (div), V. «. [ imp. & p. p. DiTBD (dlvd). eolloq.
DovB (dSv) ; p. pr. <Sr rh. n. Vmu:] [A8. df/*m to
sink ; akin to E. dtp, deep.'\ 1. To plunge Into water
headforemost. 2. To plunge into any aubjeoi, bnslnees,
etc. ; to explore, •^n. LA plunge headforemost Into
water. 2. A place of low reaoit. [Stangi
mWw (div'Sr), n. 1. One that divea. 2. A bfard of
certain genera given to diving.
Di-TW|ra^ (dT-vCrV). r. i. [L. tfi- = die + vergere to
bend, incUne. j 1. To extend from a common point in dif-
ferent directions ; to deviate (from a given direction) ; —
opp. to eonreri^e. 2. To differ from a typical form ; to di»-
•eut from a position generally held.— iM-f if g>n— t , ».
Di-yar'jMt (-vSr^j^it), e. 1. Beoeding from each
other, as lines radiating from one point ; devlatlBg grad-
ually from a given direction ; — opp. to etmtergemi. 2.
Causing divergence of rays of light 3. Disagraeing. —
DlTti'geiiot, Dl-T«r'gtB-o7,
DiTWB (di'vJn), a. [F.;
Lb divermu tamed In
fi, •, I, ««, a, loi« i ft, fi, I, A, ft, t« >Ai«*t i ■«>^te, 3vent, tdaa, 6bey, Anite, oAra, Krm, Aflk, «B, flnoL
DIVERSE
177 DOCK
differant directloiis, different, p. p. of diveriere. Bee Di-
TKBT.] Several ; sundry ; more than one, bat not nun v.
DlfVlIM (di'vSrs or dt-rSra'), a. [Same as (<iver«.1 1.
Different; unlike; separate. 2. Capable of vanous
forms ; multiform. •» adv. In different directions ; di-
versely. — Pyveraely (dl'vSrs-lj^ or dt-vSrsay), adv.
IM-Wll-fl-OatiOII (dT-vir^sI-n-ki'shOn), n. 1. A
changing form or quality. 2. Gliange ; alteration,
m-rttti-tf (-fi), V. t. ILL. divertifieare, fr. L. diver-
nu -f- 'flearct Jacert^ to make.] To make diverse.
Dl-yei'alOII, n. 1. A diverting or turning aside from
any ooorae, occupation, or object. 2. That which di-
verts the mind from care or study, and relaxes and
■mnsee 3. The drawing an enemy's attention and force
from the point where the principal attack is to be made.
Syn. — Amusement ; entertainment ; pastime ; recrea-
tiou ; sport ; game ; play ; solace ; merriment.
IM-YWsi-ty (-al-ty), n. [F. diversiti, L. divernta*^
tx. divernu.1 "L A sUte of difference ; unlikeueds. 2.
Multiplicity of difference ; variety.
Syn. — See Yabiktt.
lM>T«rf (-virf), r. /. [L. divertere^ -rernim, to turn
aside ; di- = dU- -\- vertert to turn.] 1. To turn aside ;
to deflect. 2. To turn away from business or study.
Syn. — See Amubb.
e WvwttlafVMnV {dPrtr^tMafmiLtt'), n. [F.] A
abort ballet, etc., between tlie acts of a play.
m-TWr (dT-WbtO, t'. t. [LL. divegtirt ; di- = rf i»- -f L.
«ei/irtf, equiv. to L. deveslire.} 1. To strip (of clothes,
arms, etc.) ; — opp. to inraU. 2. To deprive.
Dl-¥Mtl-tim (-T-tdr), n. A depriving ; a being di-
vested ; deprivation, or surrender, of property, rights, etc.
m-YfOB' (-vW), t'. t.&L [L. dividere, -visum ; di- =
dis- + a root sisnifjring to pari."] To part ; to separate
into parts ; to disunite. — n. A ridge of land dividing
tribntvies of two streams ; a watershed.
Syn. — To sever: dissever; sunder: cleave; disjoin;
disunite ; detach ; disconnect ; pvt ; distribute ; share.
IMv^-dnid (dTvT-dSnd), n. [L. dividendum thhig to
be divided, fr. dividere.} 1. A sum of money to be di-
vided and distributed ; share of a sum divided that falla
to each individual ; a percentage ; — applied to profits ap-
portioned among shareholders, and to assets apportioned
among creditors. 2. A number or quantity to be divided.
Dl-Vld'or (dT-vid'Sr), n. 1. One that divides ; that
which senarates anything into parts. 2. pi. An instrument
for dividing lines, describing circles, etc. ; compasses.
Dtn-lU'tlttl (dTVT-ni'shlin). n. 1 A divining ; a fore-
telling of future events. 2. An augury ; omen ; prediction.
IM-Tla«' (dT-vinO» a. [L. divrntu^ fr. divus belonging
to a deity ; akin to 6r. 2u>f, L. dtttts^ Ood.] 1. Belong-
ing to Ood. 2. Proceeding from Ood. 3. Appropriated
to Ckxl ; pious ; holy. 4. Qodlike ; supremely admirable.
5. Relating to divinity or theology,
— A. One skilled in divinity; a
priest; clerg]rman.
Syn. — Supernatural ; superhu — r
man; godlike; heavenly; celestial; ,
pious; holy ; sacred ; preeminent. j~rzszi: §-=
^r.t.&i. 1. To foresee or fore-
know. 2. To predict
Syn. —To foretell; predict; pre- _
aase; guess; surmise. zfi
Di-VlMay , adv. 1. In a divine - |l
or godlike manner; holily ; su- iif
premely ; excellently. 2. By the ~
•g^nry of Ood, ■'
DtrlOf (divHTng), 0. That dives
(rUusedf " '
or is used for diving.
DIvtec beetle, a beetle which ha- -.». ,
WtuiUly lives under water : - called ^M"" <>(, «"• 'o»^ "'
top. or fresh air pumped in through a tube from Above.
IM-Vlaa-ty Oa-yinnAf), n. FL. diviniiat.'] 1. The
being divine ; deity ; godhead. 2. The Supreme Being ;
Ood. 3. A pretended deity of pagans. 4. A oelestfid
beixw. 6. Science of Ood and salvation ; theology.
^▼toa-1d«(-vTinr-bn),a. IL. divisiHIu.fT.dMdere.
See DiviDB.] Capable of being divided or separated. —
Dl-vUi1-bl0-iMsi, Di-vlsl-bill-tT, n.
Dl-Tl'slOII (-vTzh'Hu), n. [F. ; L. divitio, fr. divid^e.]
1. A dividing anythiuR into parts, or state of being so
divided ; separation. 2. That which keeps apart ; a par-
tition. 3. A segment or section. 4. Disunion ; variance.
6. Difference of condition ; distinction ; contrast. 3. The
finding how many times one number or (quantity is con-
tained in another ; the reverse of fmdltplieaiion ; rule
for performing tliis operation. 7. A section of an army
or fleet complete in itself.
Oell division, a method of cell increase, in which new cells
are formed by division of the parent oell. — Long division,
mathematical process of division when the operations are
mostly written down. — Short divisloa, process of division
when the operations are mentally performed and only the
results written down.
Syn. — Compartment ; section; share; distribution;
separation ; partition ; disjimction ; difference ; disunion.
Dl-vl'sllMI-al, a. That divides ; pertaining to, mak-
ing, or noting, a division.
m-Yi'wiw (-vi'sTv), a. 1. Indicating division or dis-
tribution. 2. Creating division, separation, or differ-
ence, [idend is divided. I
IM-Vl'sor (-vi'zSr), n. The number by wliich the div- 1
Di-yorot' (-vCrs'), n. [F. ; L. divortium^ fr. divortere,
divertere^ to separate. See DivutJ 1. A legal disaolu-
ti(m of the marriage contract. 2. The decree or writing
which dissolves marriage. 3. Separation of things closely
united. — v. t. 1. To separate by divorce. 2. To dis-
unite : to take away ; to put away. — Di-yoroo'a-U*, Dl-
vrrrtM? - -T)l¥orooln«Dt, n.
D 1 V or c oe ' I ^ <1 1 i«0» «• A person divorced.
D i vmlg u' ( V f] 1 j^i, r. /. [L. divulgare ; di- = di»- -f
rt^ ; I ? u ,1 1 1 he i?r uri J Mi > I n | wople. ] To make public ; to disclose
(sKTijL-thini; rntiT^Hi^nt as a secret, or before unknown).
Syn^ - To jiiibliMh; disclose; discover; impart; telL
Di vnl *BUm (- V ii I 'shiin), n. [L. divtdsiOy fr. di- -f vel-
letf t M I >] uii k H ] A riinding asunder. — Di-Vol'dya, a.
Di2^«fi (rlli'E'n or dl'x'n), v. t. [Perh. orig., to dress
fo<:i1 i Ai\y, and nllied to dizzy. "] To drefls gaudily.
DJa£'ity(dIi'^),^. IA». dysig.] I. Oiddy; confused i
in- i »^t j TIC t. %, Cjii iJiing giddiness or vertigo. 3. Tliought-
IcHh I Uff-d\^iuf. -^ t\ t. To confuse. — Pig^-nOM, n.
Do. I jITt'tfi), w. .Abbreviation of Drrro.
Do iMhn. A h^Uable indicathig the first tone of the
mnjar fiiutaiik scale for solmixation.
Do (d6o), V. t. or auxiliary, [imp. Did (dTd) ; p. p.
DoKB (dfin) ;p.pr.& vb. n. Doino (dSi/Tng). ] [AS. d9n ;
akin to D. doen^ O. /Aun, to do. Or. rtBdyai to put.] 1.
To bring about ; to transact. 2. To perform completely ;
to finish. 3. To make readv for use ; to cook sufficiently.
4. To put or bring into a (specified) form or condition.
6. To cheat ; to overreach. [Colloq.'\ 6. To see or ex-
plore. IColloq.'] 7. To advance money for (a bill or note).
^v. i. 1. To conduct one*s self. 2. To fare ; to be, as
regards health. 3. [Perh. a different word. OE. dugen,
dotcen^ to avail, AS. dugan. See Docortt.] To succeed ;
to answer the ptirpose ; to serve. ^ n. 1. Ado ; bustle.
2. A cheat ; swindle. [Slang^ Eng.]
Doc^-ble (d8«a-bn), a, [I*. dociMUs, fr. doeere to
teach] Teachable. —Doo'l-blll-ty, Doo1-l»l»>n6M, n.
Doo^lle (dBsTfl or dyoTl), a. [L. docUis, fr. do<wtf.]
Tractable ; easilv managed. — D»«111-ty (dft-sDI-ty), n.
Dod-ma-OT (dSs0f-m4-s]^), n. [Or. ao«c^iao>ta exami-
nation, fr. ioictfia^tuf to assay (metals).] A testing the
nature, quality, etc., of (met^ ores, medicines, physio-
logical facts, etc.). — DocKl-mastlO, (-inR/tTk). a.
Dock (d5k), n. [AS. docce.'\ A genus of plants, some
species of which are weeds with a long taproot.
fCm, recent, 6rb, r^de, f^ll, €lm, food, fo^ot, out, oil, chair, go, sing, ink, then, tliiii.
DOCK
178
DOLPHIN
Dook (dSk), n, [Cf . leel. doekr short tail.l Solid part of
au Miimal's tail ; stump of a tail left after clipfMliig.** r. t.
1. To out off (the end of a thiug) ; to curtail. 2. To
shorten ; to deduct from. 3. To cut off, bar, or destroy.
Dook, i», [Akin to D. <foh] 1. Au arUdcial basiu to
receive ships. 2. Place in court where an accused person
stands. » r. I. To place (a ship) in a dock.
Dook'Afe (d^SktJ), H. A charge for the use of a dock.
Dook'fft (-«t), n. IDock to cut off -f dim. suffix -«/.]
1. A paper containing tlie beads of a writhig ; summary ;
digest, a. BUI tied to goods; hOwL 3. A Ust of oases
before a court, or of matters to be acted on. — r. /. To
enter on a docket ; to make an abrtract of ; to labeL
Dodryaitt' (-yiirda n. Yard for naval stores.
Doo^or (-tSr), n, LL.| teacher, tr. docere to teach.]
1. An academical title, originally meaning a man learned
in his department and qualified to teach it ; one who has
taken the highest collegiate degree. 2. One licensed to
practice mecUcine ; a physician. 3. A mechanical con-
trivance to remedy a diiUculty or serve in an exigency,
^r. /. 1. To treat as a physician does; to repair.
ICfUloq.'] 8. To confer a doctorate upon. 3. To tamper
with and falsify ; to adulterate. ISlang] — Doolor-al, a,
Dootmr-ato (-tt), n. The degree or rank of a doctor.
U Doo'tll-liain' (-trt-ufirO, f». [F.] One who would
apply to practical concerns the abstract doctrines of his
own philosophical system ; a dogmatic theorist.
Doo'tltaM (-trTn), n. FF. ; L. doctnna, it. doctor.'^ 1.
Teaching ; instruction. 2. A tenet or do^ma ; principle
of faith. — IKN/trt-IMl, a. An.
8711. — DoGTBiMB ; Pbbcbpt ; tenet ; principle ; maxim ;
dogma. — Doctrine is a speculative truth prescribed for
beuef. Precept is a rule to be obeyed.
Doo^-BMOt (-tk-nMnt), n. [LL. documentum^ it. do-
ten to teach.] An origin-d or official paper supporthig
something else. •» v. f. To furnish with documents. —
Doo'li-iiimiftal, Doo's-iiMiitA-ryt a- _ .
Do^O'A-ion (dft-dik^A-gOn), n. [Or. iMwrn. twelve
-4- ymvim. angle.] A figure bounded by twelve sides.
[io-dt0^lS<rartl (dft-dOc'A-hS'dral). a. Pertaining
or like, a dodecahedron ; consisting of 12 equal sides.
' At^A-te'droa (-drSn), n, [Or. <Ma««atapov ; iA-
6tKa 4- Ooa base.] A solid having 12 faces.
Dodga (dSJ), v.i.&i. 1. To start sud-
denly aside, as to avoid a blow. 2. To evade
(adnty) by low craft ; to play fast and loose.
— n. A sudden starting aside; device to
evade or cheat. {.Cotloo.'^ — Dodff'OT, n.
DcKdO (d^dft), n. [Said to be fr. Pg.
d&udo siUy, focdiah.] A large, extinct bird RVo-we Do.
of the piireon kind, formerly inhabiting the d^^,^
Island of Mauritius.
Doe(dS),n. [AS. dS; of. Dan. <fao, (foa-dvr, deer.]
A f enude deer or antelope ; female of the rabbit, etc.
D(Kor (dSo^r), n. One who does ; actor ; agent.
DoM (dOs). 3d vers. ting. ores, of Do.
Doewn' (d^skln^), n. 1. Skin of the doe. 2.
Woolen cloth with smooth surface.
Don (d5f), r. /. & i. [A» + o/*.] To put off (dress).
Dog (dSg), It. [AS. doegn; akin to D. ( og mastiff.]
1. A quadruped of great intelligence, docilitv, and attach-
ment to man. 2. A mean fmlow ; wretch. 3. A fel-
low. 4. One of two constellations, Cani* Mafor and
CanU Minor y Oreater Dog and Lesser Dog. Cant* Major
eontalns the Dog Star (Sirius). 6. An iron holding wood
fai a fireplace ; andiron. 6. (a) A grappling iron, {b)
A piece In machinery acting as a clutch ; an adjustable
8t<^ to change motion, as in a machine tod. •»«. t. To
hunt or track like a hound ; to worry, as if by dogs.
Dof days, a aeason between July and September ; sultry
part of the summer.— Do« Lattn, barbarous Latin. — Dog
Btar, Sirius, the brightest fixed star in the heavens.
DognMUM' (dBg'bSnOt n. [Said to poison dogs.] A
perennial herbaceous phint, with poisonous milky juk
*1SiJ^
DOf iMI^ (dSgOier'ij^), N. Berry of the dogwood.
Dorourt' (-kSrta n. A light one-borae canUge.
Dm (dSj), n. [It. ; fr. L. dux, dwit, oommandtw.]
Chiefmaigistrate in the republics of Veuioe and Genoa.
Dog^ mnA' (dOg'SrdOi a. Having the oomers of
the leaves turned down and soiled ; — »a 1 of books.
Dogfish' (-iTshO, H. 1. A aiuall shark. 2. Ib«
bowfin. 3. The burbot of Lake Erie.
Doc'gad (-gSd), a. Sullenly obstinate ; persiateiit. —
D0f^K«d4y, tuff. — D0C'g«d-IMn,fi. [fishing veaseL I
Dog'fW (-gSr), n. [D. , codfiah.] A two-masted Dutch )
Doi'fW-tt (-41), a. Low in style, and irregular in
measure. •» n. Irregular verse ; mean poetry.
Doc^ma^-m*), n. ;pl. R. Dogmas (-m4s), L Doomats.
(-mi'tA). [Or. 6oytLCL,pl. ioytnara^ it. ^Nccif to think.]
1. That which is held as an opinton : doctrine. 2. A
definite and authoritative tenet. 3. A doctrinal notion
asserted without regard to evidence ; arbitrary dictum.
Syn. — Dogma : Tsmr ; opinion ; proposition ; doc-
trine. — A tenet is firmly maintained as true. A dogma ia
laid down with authority as indubitably true.
Doc-mat^ (-mitOfk), \a. 1. Pertamingtoadogma.
Dof-mano-al (-T-kal), I 2. Asserting a thing autbor-
it;.tively ; overbearing. — Dog-nuit'lO-U-ly, adr,
Syn. — Magisterial ; arrofcant. See MAontmaLkX..
Dog-nuitlGS (Iks), n. Science of Christian doctrines
Dog'Blft-tlm (-ro4-tTi*m), n. Arrogance in opinion.
Dog^ma-tlM (-tis), r. i. To assert poaitivelv ; to teach,
with arrogance. — Dqc'iiui-tl'aw, Dog^ma-tist, n.
Dog's'-ear' (dSn^), n. The ootntt of a leaf, in a
book, turned down like the ear of a dog.
Dog'WOOd' (-wd6d0, ft. [Fr. skewers {dagt) beinf;
made of it.] A large shrub or small tree, whose wood Ih
exceedingly hard and serviceable.
DoHy (doll^), n. [Said to be a maker*a name.] A
small table napkhi, used with fruit, etc
Dotng (d5&Tng), n. Anything done ; pi. oondoct.
DottTdoit), n. [D. duit^ prop., piece cut off.] 1. A
small Dutch com ; any small piece of money. 2. A trifle.
Do-labM-fom (dft-lKb'rT-ferm), o. [L. dO/adra a mat-
tock -{- -form. ] Shaped like the bead of an ax.
Dola (dSl), n. [OF. doel^ it. doloir to suffer, fr. U
dolere.} Grief; sorrow; lamentation. lArckakj
Dole, n. [AS. dot portion ; sanfe as Dkal.] 1. Dia>
tribution. 2. That which is dealt out ; a scanty allow-
ance. 3. Alms : gratuity. 4. A landmark. »r. t. To
deal out scantily or grudgingly.
Dotofol (dSl'f^l), a. Full of dole or grief ; expraas
ing or excitiiQg sorrow ; dismal. — DolO'flll-lj, adv.
Sjn, - Piteous ; rueful ; melancholy ; sad ; diamaL
Dole'SOme (-slim), a. Doleful.
Doll(d51),n. [Contr. of/>oro/Ay.] A chlld*s toy bal>y.
Dollar (dSinSr), n. [D: daalder, O. thaler^ abbr. of
Joachinuithaler^ a piece of money first ooined in the val-
ley (G. that) of St. Joachim, in Bohemia.] 1. A silver
coin of the United SUtes worth 100 cents. 2. A shnilar
coin of Mexico, Canada, South America, Spain, etc
Dol'man (-niffn), n. [Turk. ddlSmin.} 1. A Tnric-
ish garment, iKith long sleeves. [Written also doliman,']
2. A woman's cloak of peculiar fashion.
Dol'men (-mSu), n. [Armor, too/, tof, table + mean,
men, stone.] A cromlech. [Written also tolmen.'}
Dolor (cRWSr), n, [OF. 3b L., fr. doUre to suffer.]
Pain; grief; anguish. [Written also do/oar.]
Dol'or-tflo (dCl'Br-Tflk). ) o. [LL. dolonjietu; L.
D01'or-lfl04a (-I-kal), } ■ - -
Causing pain or grief.
di^or -{-/acere to make.]
Dol'or-ona (dSI'Sr-tlB), a. [L. do/oronw, fr. dblor.l 1.
Full of grief ; sad. 2. Painful. — Dol'or-OUi-ly» adv.
Dol'uiill (dSI'fTn), n. [F. dauphin dolphin, dauphin ;
fr. L. delphiniijty Or. d«A^u dolphin.] 1. (a) A c
the true dolphin, (b) A fish celebrated for its changes of
color when dying. It is the fish commonly called dolphin.
2. A buoy; mooring post.
», », 1. », «, long ; li, «, 1, 5, «, t. abort ; awUtte, gvwit, td«s 6bey, tuilte, cAre, llrm, Ask, »I1. flnoL
DOLT
179
DOSE
Dalt(dSlt), n, [OE. dtUte, prop. p. p. of dulUn to
dull.] A be»vv, stupid fellow ; dunce. — TMLVUtt a.
Do-maln' (dS-raiu'), n. [F. donuJtiM, L. dominium^
property, fr. dominu* nuMter, owner.] 1. Dominion ;
empire. 8. Territory over which authority \» exerted.
S. Lended property ; estate ; demesne.
DoHM (dom)f H. [F. ; It. cf f<omo, fr. L. domus house.]
1. A building ; edifice. 2. A large cupola.
Do-BM^tlo (dft-mSytlk), a. [L. dome*tieu9^ fr. do-
sHM.l 1. PertUning to one^s house, home, household, or
family. 8. Pertaining to a nation considered as a home,
or to one*s own oountiy ; intestine ; not foreign. 3. De-
Toted to home duties or pleasures. 4. liring in or near
habitations of man ; domesticated ; tame. 6. Made in
OQe*s own house, nation, or country. — n. 1. A house
senrant. 2. pi. Articles of home manufacture. [_U. S."]
Do-mM^-oat« (-tT-kSt), r. /. [LL. dotMHicarty -ca-
turn, to reside in, to tame.J 1. To make domestic ; to
habituate to home life. 2. To cause (a foreign word,
custom, etc.) to be, as it were, of one*s family or country.
a Tb Ume (animals, plauto, etc.). — Do-m«rtl-0A'UOII,
«. - Do'mM-tlo^-ty (-tTst-ty ), «.
Doml-filto (dSmn-sTl), n. [L. domicilium; dotntu
4-(prob.)rootofce/(7rff to conceal] L An abode. 2.
BesideDce at a particular place, with an intention to re-
main there. •» v. I. To establish in a residence that con-
stitutes habitancy ; to domiciliate. — D€Bll-0ill-a-l7, a.
DOB't-oni-Ato (-sTlT-it), v.L 1. To esUblish in a
resklenoe. 2. To domesticate. — l>onri-0ill-a't|01l, n.
DflBl nant ' ' 'L. J'-iinaru^ -antu^ p^ pr.
of fffymuifit I. .Sh,^ E i«>mj:ka I£^ | Ki i ling ; gOYoming ; pre-
cjcnuiiLAitt, — li. I'liifH Mh tixhj^ ikf the musical scale.—
Dotm'l-niBCW, D^oi'l-itui^y, r*.
Sm, - CtoirrniinK; raline, ron smiling; prevailing.
tloni'l-Itat* ( ' (ut ), r. '. I L. tioyi' fnan\ -natus, f r. domi-
fl**j lord.] Tij pri!Hf1i:»uiinjii;«t mttr r U) rule. — DOB'l-lia'-
tlon. *f. ~ Uom'i-ntL-Uw^ a, — Doml-iuiaor, n. [L.]
Dom l-lw«r^ L iHir')^ 1. 1, Sl t* [L, dominari.'] To rule
[nioleiiily or strbltrarily ; to tyraiirtize ; to bluster.
Sfiin, — HAughty : urf rbearTii^ ; l<>rdly. Bee Impisious.
Do-mln'khil (d^ iii r ,%l-k nly, n^ [LL. dominieaiU, for
L ^^omin Fcro ( duminif'i itifM the Loird*s day), fr. domiwu
(i*rii I 1. PcrtaiiiiHg t^] th*^ hsmW day, or Sunday. 2.
DofBlaJeal litWr, the fetter wbir^h. In almanacs, denotes
Bunil»>% or the Lord's day *fiif* ItO'iiini).
O^-mlsl-Qan (-T-Icjii ), fj. [^L. Dominicawu, fr. Da-
rn ffj irrt t, 1*0 m in t'r^ t bf I oi i iuIj' r. I artaining to St. Domi-
nic or the comoiujuliiiK uaji«i;u iiom him. — n. One of
an order of mendicant monks founded by Dominic de
Onsnan, in 1216 ; — called also preaching frinrs, bltiek
friars, hnttherM of 81. M*iry, and in France, Jneobiru.
Doml-llto (dSm^-nT), n. [L. domintu.l A school-
master; pedagogue; pa^^tor.
Do-BDllOII (dt-mTn'y&n), n. [LL. dominion equiv. to
L. dominiunL] 1. Sovereign authority ; supremacy. 2.
Superior prominence; ascendency. 3. That which is
governed ; territory over which authority is exercised.
Syn.— Sovereignty; control; rule: authority; jnria-
dleooD ; government ; territory ; district ; region.
Doml-IIO (dOm^r-nft), n.; pi. Domikos or (esp. the
oleces for a game) Dohxkois (-nSz). [F., It, or Sp. ;
b. L. domimu master. The domino was orig. a hood
worn by canons of a cathedral.] 1. A kind of hood or
amice. 2. A half mask worn at masquerades. 3. One
wearing a domino. 4. of. A game
pUyed with 28 '* men " dotted like
dice. 5. One of the pieces for play-
lag this game.
Dob (dSn), n. [Sp. ; akin to Pg.
dom ; fr. L. dominm. ] 1. Sir ; M r.
^ ; — a title of courtesy in i^mmoe..
S^in. 2. A grand personage ; a fellow at an English
Dob (d5n), «. t. {Do 4- on /—opposed to doff^l Td
put on ; to invest one's self with.
II DoiU (dt'uyi), n. [Sp.] Ladv ; madam ; — a title
of respect in Spain, prefixed to a lady's Christian name.
Doiiatt (dynat), v. t. [L. dotiare, -natum, fr. donum
gift, dare to give.] To give ; to present. — D«-llAtlOII, n.
8yii. — Oift ; present ; benefkotion ; grant. See Oirr.
DaB'A-tl¥e (dSn'4-tTv), n. [L. donativum, fr. donare.']
A gift ; present. — a. Vested or vesting by donation.
II Do-IUOor (d6-ni't5r), n. [L.] A donor ; giver.
Done (dfin), p. p. it. Do. 1. Performed ; finished. 2. It
Is done or agreed ; let it be a bargain ; — used elliptically.
Dons, a. [Prob. comip. fr. OF. donS^ p. p. of <lon^,
L. donare to give.] Given ; executed ; made public.
Do-nM' (di-n5'), n. [OF. doni.] 1. One receiving a
gift. 2. In law, one receiving a power for execution.
Don'lOB (dan'jfin), n. [See Dvhoboh.] The chief
tower ; the keep ; the strongest tower in ancient castles.
DoB'key (dSolKy)* »• [Prob. dun, fr. the animal's
color.] 1. An ass. 2. A stupid or obstinate fellow.
DOB'DA (dSu'ni), n. [It; L. domina.l A lady;
madam ; mistress ; — title given a lady in Italy.
Do^Bor (d^nSr), n. [OF. doneor, fr. donner to give.]
1. One who gives ; a benefactor. 2. One who grants an
estate or confers a power ; — opposite of donee.-
Doom (d65m), ». [AS.(f0m;akintoB.(fo.] 1. Judg-
ment ; Judicial sentence. 2. Destiny or fate ; penalty.
3. Ruin; death.— r.<. 1. To sentence. 2. To ordain
as penal^ ; to fine. 3. To destine ; to fix the fate of.
Syn. — Sentence ; decree ; lot : ruin ; destruction.
DoOBUt^aay' (d5&ms'di0, n. {AA. dlhne* daig.] 1. A
day of sentence or death. 2. Day of the Anal judgment.
fkHV (dSr), n. [AS. duru; akin to L. fores. Or. Mpa.]
1. An opening in the wall of a house, etc., for going in
and out ; an entrance. 2. Burier by which an entianoe
way is closed and opened. 3. Passage ; access.
DoOK^koop'or (•kSp'Sr), n. Porter; Janitor.
Door'waf ' (-wS' ), n. Passage of a door ; entrance way.
Dor (ddr), n. [Cf. AS. <fora locust, D. tor beetle.]
A Urge European scaraboid beetle which makes a droo-
ing noise wliile flying ; the American June bug.
DO'ri-an (dS'rT-an), a. Pertaining to the andent
Greeks of D iris ; Doric, —n. A native of Doris.
Dorlo (dSr^k), a. [Gr. Amoucoc, fr. AMpicif the Do-
rians.] 1. Pertaining to Doris,
in ancient Greece, or to the Do-
rians. 2. Belonging to the oldest
of the three orders of Greek archi-
tecture. ^ n. The Doric dialect.
Dor'BUUlt (ddr'mant), a. [F.,
p. pr. of dormir to sleep, fr. L.
dormire.'] Sleeping ; not in action
or exercise ;^ quiescent ; in abey-
ance. — Dor'Buui-oir, n.
Dor'BMT (-mSr), n., or DOT'-
mor WlB'dOW (wTn'dft). [Lit.,
window of a sleeping apartment.]
A vertical window in a sloping Doric Order,
roof.
Dor'Bll-tO-IT (-mT-tft-ry), n. [L. dormiforium.'] A
sleeping room, or building containing sleeping rooms.
Dor'moUM (ddr'mousX n. [Perh. fr. F. dormir -f
E. mouse."} A small European rodent, feeding on nuts,
acorns, etc., and torpid in winter.
Dor'Ml (-sol), a. [F. ; LL. dorsalis, it. L. dorsum
back.] Pertaining to tlie hack ; — opp. to ventral,
T^onrf (dS'rj^), n. [F. dorU gilded.] 1. A Eurooean
fish ; John Doree. 2. The American wall-eyed perch.
Do'ry, n. A small fiat-bottomed rowboat.
DOOS (dSs), n. [F. ; Gr. twn^ a giving, a dose, fr. IM-
Mi, akin to L. dare to give.] 1. The quantity of medi-
cine given at one time. 2. A sufficient quantity ; portion.
3. Anything nauseous. — v. t. 1. To form into dosea.
2. To give medicine, potions, or anything nauseous to.
fSra, nomt, teb, r^da, f^ Bn, ftfbd, f^t, out, oU, oliair, so, sinv, iQk, then, tlilii.
DOSSIL
180
DOWNCAST
i (dV«n). «. [OF. dMtf, dwUa, apigot. fr.
L. duoere to draw.] A anull roll or pledg«t of lint,
lor koeping open a aore, wound, oto. ; a tent.
Dost (dfiet), 2d pen, sing, pre*, of Do.
Dot (d8t), n, TF., fr. L. do*, doH*,} A dowry.
Dot* n. Cab. dbtt.] A •mall point, spot, or •peck. »
9.U^ki, 1 To muk with dote. 2. To direrdf t.
D0laS0(d9^J;2),i». FFiom Don, v. i.1 1. Feeble.
noMof mind;ieniUty. 8. DrireL 3. Weak affection.
Dotal (-tal), a. Pertaining to dower.
DoOavA (-tSrd), «. One in aeoond chUdhood.
Do-tattaa (dft-ti'ahfin), n. TLL. doUUio, f r. L. dotare
to endow, fr. do*, doH*.} 1. An endowing, or bestow-
inff a nuurriage portion on a woman. 8. Endowment.
DotO (dSt}, V. i. [OD. (fotofi to doae.] [Written alao
doal.\ 1. To be weak-minded ; to hare the intellect im-
paired by age ; to drireL 3. To be fooUahly food or
weaklv affectionate. —Dot^ff, n.
Don (dttth), 3d per*, ting. pre*, of Do.
Dortor-Ol (m/OtJSi), Dot'tral (-trin), n. [From
Dots, «. i.] 1. A European bird of the Plorer family,
tame and eaaily taken. 2. A aiUy fellow ; dupe ; gull.
DOB'btO (diU/n), a. [OE. & OF. ; fr. L. duplu*, fr.
root of <f 110 two J 1. Twofold ; made twice as large or
at much, etc 2. Being in paira ; couided. 3. Dirided
into two; equirooal; inainoere. 4. Haring more petala
than the natural number.
Doeble baae, orDoeble baaa, the largeat and lowest-toned
inatrument in the yioUn form ; the contrabaaso or yiolone.
^adv. Twice; doubly. « v. t. 1. To increase by add-
ing an equal number, quantity, length, Talue, eto. 2.
To make of two thiokneasea by turning together in the
middle ; to clinch (the flat). 3. To contain twice as much
aa. 4. To paaa around or by. »r. i. 1. To increaae to
twice as much. 2. To turn and go back in an oppoaite
direction. 3. Toplayfalae. — n. 1. Twice the number,
length, value, etc 2. A doubling ; plait ; fold. 3. A
turn or circuit to eacape purauera ; a ahift ; artifloe. 4.
Something equal to another ; counterpart ; wraith ; aub-
atituto. 5. A game between two paira of players at
lawn tennis. — O^mb'lor, n.
DoaUs daaler« one who acte two different parts : a deceit-
fulperson. — Doahls dsaUag , deceitful dealing ; duplicity.
DOttllle-laOtd' (-fiat^ j, «• 1- Having two faces de-
aigned for uae. 2. Deceitful. {%. Duplicity. I
DoaldO-IIMM, n. 1. The being double or doubled. |
Doa'Uo-qillok' (-kwTkO, a. Performed in the faat-
eat atep next to the run. •» n. Doubl».auick time, atep,
or march. —«.<.& t. To move in double-quick time.
DonblOt (diibnSt), n. [F. ;dim.of<fottM0.] 1. Two
of the aame kind ; a pair ; couple 2. A cloae-fitting
.poat, formerly worn. 3. pi. Two dice, each having the
same number of spots uppermost. 4. One of two or more
words in the same language variously derived from the
aame <n1gin ; as, guard uMward; yard und garden.
DoaMoOB' (dtib-l65n0, n. [F. doublon, 8p. dobhn.'\
A Spanish gold coin worth about $15.60.
DOalAy (d&bny), adv. 1. In twice the quantity ; to
twice the degree. 2. Dect^itfuUy.
DOVM (dout), V. i. [OF. duter, douler, fr. L. dubi-
tore.] To waver in opinion ; to be undecided. ^ v. t. To
quesuon or withhold assent to ; to distrust.
Syn. — To hesitate ; demur ; scruple ; suspect.
— n. 1. Fluctuation of mind from defect of evidence ;
unsettled opinion. 2. A point unsettled ; objection.
Syn. — uncertainty ; hesitation : sunpense ; disf rust ;
Bospicion ; scruple ; perplexity : ambiguity ; skepticism.
Donbt'ff. n. One who doubts or scruples.
DonMtal (-f9l)^a. 1. Not settled in opinion ; hesi-
tating in belief. 2. Admitting of doubt ; not clear or
certain. 3. Arobignous ; dubious. 4. Of tmcertain issue
or event. — DooUfol-ly, adr, — DoaUfol-llMS. n.
Srn. — Wavering ; hesitating; distrustful: dubious;
equivocal ; ambiguous j problematical ; questionable.
DOIlbtlOM, DoaMless-ly, adv. Undoubtedly.
llDon'OOai'(d8&^sSTO,<». [F., fr.<iMs tweet, L.diif-
citj 1. Gentleness of manner. 2. A bribe.
DoMlM (dOsh), n. [F., fr. U. decoio, fr. doeeiare to
flow, pour, fr. L. dueere, dueium, to condoot (water).]
1. A Jet of water or vapor directed upon the body to
benefit it medicinally. 2. A sjrringe.
DoadKdO), M. [AS.<faA.] Paato of bread.
Dongllllllt (d(Knat), n. A small cake fried in lard.
Doogll'ty (dou^), a. [AS. dpktig, fr. dugtm to avail.]
Able ; valiant. - Doogktl-ly, adtf.- DoaJSl^-aaMI, n.
Doogll^ (d37), a. Like dough ; aoft and heavy.
Doom (dona), r. /. [Cf. OD. donsen to strike on the
back.] 1. To plunge raddenly Into water; to duck; to
dowac 2. To atrike or lower in haste; to alacken (a
aaU, etc) auddenly. •» v. i. To fall into water.
DOBM,e. /. [AS. diMMoem.] TOeztingniah. {SUmg}
DOTO (dfiv), «. [A8.(ffi>0.J A kind of pigeon.
DOTO^OOt^ (-k?It^), ) n. Box in which domestic pigeona
D0T0'00t0'(-k5f ), } breed.
hwntdl (-tilOi »* A flaring tenon (shaped like a
i) f '
Du vctailft.
a a Dowels.
bird's taU spread) flt-
tinc into a mortise, and
msJdng an interloddng <
Jotot. — r. t. 1. (a) To
cut to a dovetail. (6)
To Join by dovetails. 2.
To fit ingeniously.
Dow (dou), n. A
dhow V oriental v^eeseL
DoWa-Uo (dou'A^n), a. EntiUed to dower.
Dow'a-cor (-i-iSr), n. [OF. douagiere, fr. deuage
dower.] 1. A widow endowed, or having a Jointure
2. An English title for a widow, distinguishing her from
her s(m*s wife bearing the same name.
DoWdy (-di^), a. [Scot, daivdie.'} Showing vulgar
taste in dress ; slovenly. — n. An awkward, vulgarly
dressed woman. — Dow'dy-iah, a.
DoWol (-«1), n. [Cf. O. dobel peg, F. dmieUe steve
of a cask, donUle socket, car-
tridge.] 1. A pin fitting hito
holes in the abutting portions
of each of two pieces, to keep y J"
them in proper position. 2. f
Piece of wood driven into a
wall, so that other pieces rosy
be nailed to it.— r. /. iimp. & p. p. Dowslbd (^Hd)
or -bllbd; p. pr. & vb. n. 1>owblimo or -bluno.] To
fasten together by dowels ; to furnish with dowels.
Dow'or (-*r), n. [F. doitaire, LL. dotarium, fr. L.
dotar« to endow, fr. do* dower/l 1. That with which
one is gifted or endowed. 2. lliat portion of a man*s
real estete to which hU widow is entitled after his death.
- DoWond (-«rd), p. a. - DoWor-l6M, a.
DoW«r-y (-y), n. Dower. ^ , ^ „
DowOaa (doulis), n. [Prob. fr. DoulUn*. a mana-
facturing town of Picardy.j Coarse linen cloui.
Down (doun), n. [AWn to LG. dune.} Fine, hairy
outgrowth from the skin or surface of animals or planta.
Down, n, [AS. dUn ; of CelUc origin ; akin to E.
totcn.] 1. A bank of sand thrown up bv wind near the
shore ; a flattish-topped hiU ; — usuaUy in pi. 2. pi. A
road for shipping in the English Channel.
Down, adv. [For older adoum, AS. odUn from or off
the hlll.1 1. In the direction of gravity ; below ; — opp.
of up. 2. From a remoter antiquity. 3. From a greater
to a less bulk, or from a thinner to a thicker consistence.
^prfp. 1. In a descending direction along; from a
higher to a lower place upon or within ; at a lower place
2. Towards the mouth of a river ; towards the sea. —
V. /. To put down; to overthrow. ^ a. Downward;
going down ; sloping. , „ ^ .
Down'oast^ (doun'kistO* **' Cast downward ; directed
to the ground, from modenty, dejection, or guilt.— ».
Downcast or melancholy look.
fi, 8, 1, «, a, long : ii, «, 1, 5, tt, tf •»»«* ; senate, 3vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cAre, Hrm, Ask, f^n, f n«l.
DOWNFALL
181
DRAUGHTS
DoWBltfl' (doanTfaO. n. 1. A sudden fall ; body of
things falling. 2. Bain. — DoWB'iall'an (-fftl'^n), a.
D9W9fkimitf9Ai-\aat/9d),a, Dejected iu spiriU.
DoWBfklll' (-hTlO, adv, Towardi the boUom of a hUl.
*a. Deecendtng ; eloplng.^ii. Decllrity; descent.
DofWB'dffllf (-rit^), adv. LStnigbt down ; perpen-
dicolarly. 2. In plain tenna.»a. 1. Plain; Munt;
poeitiTe. 2. Open; artleea; undisguised; absolute.
DoWB'ltaln' (-sttnO* adv. Down the stairs; to a
lower floor, ^o. Below stairs.
DoWBlrod' (-tr9d')t )«• Trodden down; abused
DoWBHOd'dn (-d'n), J by superior power.
DoWB'WarA (-wSrd), \adv. IA8, adHnweard.'} 1.
DttWa^WMldi (-wSrds), ) From a higher pbuse to a
lower; in a descending course. 2. From a higher to a
lower condition ; toward misery, disgrace, or ruin. 3.
From a remote time ; from an ancestor or predecessor,
•^o. 1. Moving or extending from a higher to a lower
place ; tending toward the earth or its center, or toward
a lower leveL 2. Descending from a head or source.
3. Tending to a lower condition or state ; dejected.
DoWllf (-f), a. 1. Covered with down or soft hairs.
2. Made of, or like, down ; placid ; soothing ; ouiet.
Dow'kF (dou'rf ), n. TContr. fr. dou>en/.'\ Property
which ft woman brings to her husband ; a bride's porttou.
DOWM (dons), r. /. To plunge into water ; to douse.
D0S-«l'0-f7 (dSks-Sl'ft-jy), n. [Or. SofoAoyta ; fr. t6(a
opinion, prslse -f- A^iy to speak.] A hymn of ivaise
an \ honor to Ood. — Ikn'O-lOfio-al (-^lo/I-kal), a.
DoM (d6s), V. {, [Cf. AS. dwMs duU, foolish.] To
dumber; to m drowsy. •^n. AUghtsleep; a drowse.
Doa'an (dUs^'ni, n. [OE. A OF. d^^sefne, fr. L. cftio-
deeim twelve.1 A collection of twelve objects.
Doir7(d9s7),a. Drowsy: sluggish.— Doal-IIMS, it.
DiabCdrib),!!. [A8.cfraMsdnia.] 1. A low, sluttish
woman. 2. A strumpet.
Dnb, IS. [F. drop cloth.1 1. Thick woolen cloth of
ft dun or gray color. 2. A auU brownish yellow or gray
eolor.<~a. Of a color between gray and brown.
Dnb'bU (driR/b*l), V. i. To draggle, wet, or befoul.
Dilidm (drim), n. 1. A drachma. 2. A drain.
I Draoh'nui(driQi'mi), ». [Or. apax^Ai). SeeDBAM.]
1. A silver coin of ancient Oreece. 2. A gold and silver
coin of modem Greece worth 19.3 cents. 3. An ancient
Greek weight ; a modern Greek weight of 1 gram.
Draff (drif ), n. [D. draf.\ Befuse ; lees ; dregs. —
Dfifnah. Draff^, a.
DiafI (drift), n. [Same word as draughi.'\ "L A
drftwlng ; thing drawn. 2. A selection of men for mili-
tary or other serrioe. 3. An order for payment of
money; bill of exchange. 4. A deduction from the gross
weight of goods. 6. A drawing of lines for a plan ; plan
drawn in outline. 6. Bough sketch for a written oompo-
sitkm. 7. Depth of water necessary to float a ship. 3.
Current of air. •» a. 1. Pertaining to, or used for, draw-
ing (vehicles, loads, etc.). 2. BeUting to a draft of air.
»v. L 1. To draw the outline of . 2. To compose and
write. 3. Tb draw from any company or collection ; to
select. 4. Tb transfer by dmft.
Drafla'kBaB (drifts^mon), fi. A draughtsman.
Diag (drig), V. U [Akin to Sw. dragga to use a grap-
nel, fr. dragg grapnel, fr. draga to draw.] 1. Tb draw
slowlv or heavUT onward ; to haul ; to traiL 2. To break
(land) by drawing a dnw or harrow over it ; to draw a
drag along the bottom of (w»ter); to search. 3. To pass
in pain or with difllcuHy. — v. i. 1. To be drawn along
on the ground. 2. To more hearily or slowly. 3. To serve
as a clog ; to bold back. 4. To Ash with a dragnet. — n.
1. A dragging ; anything dragged. 2. A net or apparatus,
to be drawn along the bottom under water, as in Ashing,
etc 3. Sledge for conveving heavy bodies. 4. A heavy
ooach with seats on top. ft. A heavy harrow, for breaking
op ground. 6. Clog ; thing to hinder motion.
8yn. — SeeDiAW.
DrarKto(drlg'g*l),v.f.A<. [Freq.ofrffvff.] To wet
and sou by dragrang on the ground ; to drabble ; totralL
DiaflMt (•net'), »• A net to be drawn along the
bottom of a body of water, as in flshing.
Draf O-man (-^man), n. ; pi. DsAooiiAm (-mops).
[F. &8p., fr. Ar. tarjum&n.'\ An Oriental interpreter.
Draron (-tin), n. [F. ; L. draeo^Qr, ifidttm^.] 1. A
fabulous winged serpent or lizard. 2. A violent wmnan.
3. A northern constellation figured as a dragon ; Draoo.
DraffSB ly, an bisect harlng large and strongly reticu-
lated wings, enormous eves,
and ft long body: — called
tdaotnatqmiohmok,
Dra3'Ml^(-«t),f». 1. A
UtUe dragon. 2. A smaU
British marine fish.
Dra-goon' (dri-gO&nO, n.
[F. dragon dragon, dra-
goon, fr. L. cfroco dragon,
cavalryman. » v. /. 1. To harass by dragoons. 2. To
persecute.
Drain (drin), v.t.AL [AS. drehtttomm,} To draw
off by degrees ; to exhaust, ^n. 1. A onining ; gradual
outflow or witbdrawaL 2. A channel ; sewer ; unk.
Draln'afe (-tj), a. 1. A draining ; that which flows
out of a drain. 2. Mode in which the waten of a country
pass off by its riven. 3. System of drains for removing
superfluous water fnnn towns, railway beds, mines, etc
Drain (drak), n. [LG.I The male of the duck kind.
Dram (drim), n. [OF. drame, F. tfracAmc Or. ApaxH,
firop., a handful, fr. SpawtoBM to grasp.] 1. A weight ;
n Apothecariet* tceiaht^ 1-^th of sn ounce, or 60 gnuns ;
in A voirdupoU weiahtt l-16th of an ounce, or 27.34 grains.
2. A minute quantity. 3. A potation or potion.
Dralna (drX'mi), n. [Or. V^mao, fr. 6^ to^o, act.]
1. A picture of human life, esp. for representation on the
stage. 2. Dramatic composition. — Dra-matio (dr*-
mitnrk), Dra-matlo-al, a. — Dra-matlo-al-lr, adv.
II Dram'a-tla par-aolui (dribn'A^Ts p«r-s9^nS). [U]
The acton in a drama or l^ay.
Dram'a-tlst (-tTst), n. A writer of plays.
Dram'a-tlM (-Us), v. /. To represent in a'drama.
Drank (drSnk), imp. of Drimk.
II Drap' d'^t^ (dri" dt-ttO- [F-> cloth of summer.]
A thin woolen fabric, twilled like merino.
Drape (drip), v. /. [F. draper^ fr. cfrap cloth.] To
cover with drapenr or folds of doth. [cloths. I
Dra'par (dri'per), n. [F. drapier."] One who sells I
Dra'par-y (-y), ». [F. draperie.} 1. Occupation of
a draper ; cloth-making. 2. woolen stuffs in generaL
DraaHo (drSs^Tk), a. IQr. ipaaruOf, fr. fyw. See
Drama.] Acting rapidly end violently ; efficacious ; pow-
erful ; — opposed to bland, •^n. A violent purgative
Drangkt (dr&ft), n. [Same as cfre^/.] 1 A drawing
or pulling (moving loads) ; a drawing a net ; a draw^
ing liquor into the mouth and throat ; act of drinklnff ;
a selecting or detaching soldiera ; a marking out or ^
lineating ; representation. 2. That which is drawn ; the
quantity drawn in at once ; a potion or potation ; a sketdi
or representation ; an order for payment of money (in
thh sense almost alwavs written draft) ; a current of air
moring through an inclosed place, chimney, etc 3. That
which draws ; a team of oxeii or horses ; a sink or drahi.
4. Capacity of being drawn ; force necessary to draw ;
traction. 6. Depth of water necessary to float a ship ^
depth a ship sinks in water. » a. 1. Used for drawing
vehicles, loads, etc 2. Belating to a draft or current of
air. 3. Used in making drawings. 4. Drawn directly
from the barrel, etc. ; on draught. ^ r. /. 1. To draw
out ; to call forth. 2. To make a draught or plan of.
Drangllta (drifts), n. pi. A mUd vesicatory.
DraVfflltS, n. pi. A game, usually called cMckert,
fSra, nocat, Arb, r^de, f ^ tun, f^Tod, ftfbt, out, oil, cliair, go, aius, ink, tben, tliiB.
DRAUGHTSMAN
1S2
DKIPT
DnmgktS'lBaB (dr4fU>man), n. 1. One who dnwa
pteMlings. etc 8. One who makes drawings.
DraWIfy (drAft^), a. Pert, to a draught of air.
I>niW (drii), r. I. limp. Dmmw (drn) ; p. p. Deawn
(dnn); p.pr, Avb. n. Drawimo.] [AS. dragan; akin
toO. tragen.'l 1. To pull idong ; to cause to follow. 8. To
eall towaMsltself ; to attract ; to induce. 3. To bring
forth, take out, or let out, from some receptacle ; to
elicit ; to deduce from premises ; to derive ; to take from
a place of deposit ; to gain. 4. To remore tlte contents
of. 5. To take into the lungs ; to inhale ; to heave. 6.
To lengthen ; to stretch. 7. To run, extend, or produce
(a line on any surface) ; to produce (a sketch or picture).
8. To delineate ; to describe. 9. To prepare a draught
of (a memorial, deed, bill of exchange, etc. ). 10. To re-
quire (so great a depth) for floating ; to sink so deep in
(water). »v. i. 1. To null. 8. To attract. 3. To have
draught, as a chimney, flue, etc. 4. To sketch ; to form
pioturei. 6. To contract ; to shrink. 6. To move ; to
oome or go; — with prenositions and adverbs. 7. To
make a draft or written demand for payment of money.
8. To sink in water ; to require a deptli for floating. — n.
1. A drawing ; draught. 8. A lot or chance to be drawn.
3* A drawn game or battle, etc. IColloq.} 4. Movable
part of a drawbridge.
8jm. — To DmAW ; Dsao. — Draw differs from draq in
that drag is applied to things moved with difBculty.
Draw is applied to all bodies moved by force in advance.
DniwHteok' (drit'bKkO) n. 1. Loss of advantage, or
deduction fnHn profit, value, etc. ; objectionable feature.
8. Money paid back or remitted.
Draw^rldgf (-brTJO, n. A bridge which may be
raised, letdown,
or drawn aside,
to admit or hin-
der passage.
(drf|-90*n. One
•3n whom an or- ^,
der or biU of -
Bxcbange is
iirawn;T-opp.
ix> arawer.
Drai/'er
6ne thai draws! Modern Swing Drawbridge (open).
3. That which is drawn ; as : (a) A sliding box in a case.
(ft)frf. An undergarment worn on the legs.
DnWlnC, *»• 1* A pulling, hauling, or attracting.
3. The representing any oblect by lines and shades ;
flgure drawn. 3. The stretching or spreading metals. 4.
Distribation of prizes and blanks in a lottery.
Drawing-room' (-mmO. n. [Abbr. fr. withdraw-
ing-roomA 1. A room for receiving company. 8. A re-
ception of company in such a room.
Drawl (dr||l), r. t. & i. [Cf. D. dralen to lingerj To
speak with lingering utterance, from lasiness, affecta-
tion, etc. ^n. Slow, monotonous utterance.
Dray (dr5), n. FAS. draege dragnet See Dsaw.] Low
cart for heavy burdens. — Dray'aco, n. — DrayfBiail, n,
Droad (drSd), r. t. A i. [AS. drSdan.} To fear
greatly.— n. 1. Great fear of impending evil. 8. Rev-
erential fear ; awe. 3. Object of apprehensicm. ^ a. 1.
Exciting apprehensloo ; dreadful. 8. Awful : venerable.
Syn. — Awe ; fear ; terror ; dismay. See RBVBasNCB.
Draadfol (-fyl), a. Inspiring dread ; fearful ; terrible.
— Draadfol-ly, adv. — Dnadtol-neas. n.
Syn. — Fearful ; horrid ; awful. See Friohtpul.
DroadliaVflir (-nf^tO, n. 1. A feariess person. 8.
A garment of very thick oloth ; the cloth itself.
Droam (drSm), n. [Akin to O. traum.'] 1. Imagt-
nar/ transactions oocupving the mind during sleep. 3. A
risionary scheme ; idle fancy ; revery. — r. i. A /. [imp.
A p. p. Drbambo (drSmd) or Drbamt (drSmt) ; /). pr. & \
vb. n. DBBAHore.] To think in sleep; to fancy ; to Im-
agine. — Droam'or (drem'Sr), n. ^Droam'y, <■.
Droar (drir), a, iRee Disaey.I Dismal ; gloomy.
Droar'y (-j^), a. [as. dredrig, sad ; skin to G. Iraurig.}
Exciting cheerless sensations or associations ; comfort-
less ; gloomy. —Droarfl-lT, adv. — Droarl-noao, n,
Drodco (drCj), n. [F. dr^ge fish net, akin to E. draw.}
1. An instrument to gattier by dragging ; dragnet for tak-
ing oysters, etc. ; dredging machine. 8. Fine mineral
matter suspended in water, ^r. t. To gather with a
dredge ; to deepen witli a dredging machine.
DrsdftBff iseliiiie, a macbhie to scoop up mud, etc., from
the bottom of rivers, docks, etc., so as to deepen them.
DndfO, V. t, [F. dragie dredge, also, sugar plum.]
To sift or sprinkle flour, etc., on (roasting meat, etc.).
Drodf'or (-Sr), n. 1. One who flahes with a dredge.
3. A dredging machine.
DrodC'or, n. A box with a perforated lid, for sprin-
kling flour, as on meat or a breadboard.
Drag (drSg), n. [loel. drrgg; draga to draw.] Cor-
rupt matter contained in a liquid ; refuse ; lees, —ongf'
Drof 'nr, a. — Drof'gi-iMaa, n.
nollTdrfach), r. /. ' ~ "
.t. [AS. (fr«ficon.] 1. Tdoauseto
drink ; to dose by force ; to purge violently by physic 8.
To soak. — n. A drink ; potion of medicine forced down
the throat, or that causes purging.
Droaa (drCs), v. t. [OF. dredtr to arrange, fr. L.
dirigert, -rectum^ to direct ; dis- -f regtre to rule.] 1. To
arrange (soldiers) in exact line ; to align. 8. To treat (a
sore, wound, etc.) with remedies, bandages, etc 3. To
adjust ; to prepare (food, leather, stone, ore, grain, etc)
for use, for the market, etc. ; to clothe ; to deck. •» r. i.
To array or apparel one's self.
Syn. — To attire ; clothe ; array ; rig ; trim ; adorn.
— n. 1. Clothes ; garments ; appareL 8. A lady's gown.
3. Attention to apparel, or skill in adjusting it.
Ihisss coat, a coat with skirts behind only. — Ihisss foods,
fabrics for women's gowns.
Drooa'fft n. 1. One who dresses ; one who makes ready
for use. 8. A hospital assistant, who dresaas wounds^
sores, etc 3. (o) A table On which meat, etc., are dressed
for use. (b) A cupboard for dishes and cooking utenaila.
DrtaBtllf , n. 1. Dress ; ornamental attire. 8. An
application (remedy, bandage, etc.) to a sore or wound.
3. Manure spread over land. 4. {a) A preparation to flt
food for use ; a condiment, {b) Stufling of fowls, etc. ;
forcemeat. 6. Gum, starch, etc., for stiffening or flnish-
ing silk, linen, and other fabrics. 6. An ornamental fin-
ish around doors or windows, on a ceiling, etc
DrOMlBak'or (-mak^Sr), n. A maker of |
Droaa'y i-f)y a. Attentive to dress.
Drow (dru), imp. of Dbaw.
DrlVblO (drTb^'l), v. t. [Variant of dnfp.] L To
fall in quick succession of drops. 8. To slaver ; to driveL
— r. t. To let fall in drops. ^ n. A drissling.
Drfbiaot, Dribaot (-bl«t), n. A smaU piece or part
Driod (drid), imp. A p. p. of Dby.
Drl'or (dri'er), n. 1. One that driea, or expels or ab-
sorbs moisture. 8. Drying oil ; a substance mingled
with oil used in painting to make it dry quickly.
Drl'or, ctmpar.f Drl'oat, superl. of Dbt, o.
Drift (drTftJ, n. [Fr. dHvt.] 1. A driving ; violent
movement. 8. A drifting ; overpowering influence. 3.
Course along which anything is driven ; tendency of an
act, argument, etc. ; meaning ; aim. 4. That
which is driven or thrown together, esp. by
wind, water, or ice. 6. Tool to shape holes
in metaL 6. A passage in a mine; small
tunnel. 7. Distance through which a cur* *
rent flows in a given time, or to which a
vessel is carried from her course by wind,
currents, etc. ^ v. i. A t. To drive ; to form Sinoolh Drift
in heaps.— o. That causes drifting or that InLfr^^'""?
is drifted ; movable by wind or currents. " " " "
S, 8, 1, 3, a, long ; ii, 6, 1, ft, O, t, short ; senftte, (vent, tdea. Obey, ftnite, c&re, i&rm, Aflk, 1^1, final.
DRILL
183
DRUM
Drill (drn), V, L [D. driUen to bore, driU (Mldlera).]
1. To pieroe with a drill ; to perforate. 2. To exerctae
(aoldiers) in evolutions and exercises ; to instruct thor-
ahly ; to discipline. — c. i. To practice ; to train one's
. ..n. 1. An instrumeut for boring hard substances ;
drill press. 2. The training soldien; instruction
and exeroise. 3. A nuurine gMtropod which kills oys-
ters, etc, by drilling holes through the shelL
ntXQ^ v,t.Ai, [€/. TaiLL to trickle, Dbdulc]
Tb sow (seeds) by dribbling them along a furrow or I
in a row, like a rill of water. — 1». (a) An implement
for making holes for sowing seed, (b) A light furrow
to put seed Uito in sowing, (c) A row of seed sown. [
Drill, n, [Gf. Mandrill.] A large African baboon.
Drill, ». [U«ftUyinp/.] DrilUng; twiUed cloth. '
DrilllllS, n. 1. A piercing with a drilL 2. A |
training by repeated exercises.
IMlFllik, fi. Use of a drill in sowing seeds.
Drilllaf , n, [O. driUich, fr. L. trUix having |
three tliieads. fr. tres three 4- licium thread.] A 1
beavy, twilled fabric of linen or cotton. I
Mllluurttr (-mA^tSr), n. A teacher of driU or I
gymnastic exercises.
DrflF prMt" (pr«y).
[meUl. I
M ichine to drill holes in
DriU, L
Drill mok' (-etSkOf n. H indle for a driU.
Drily (dri'iy), ««». Dryly.
Drink (drTnk), v.L&t. X*"M>- BaiXK (drSnk), for-
merly I>Einnr(driink); p. p. Dsuhk, DamfKiii ("'n);
p. pr.Avb.n. DBunuKO. J XAS. drinean.} To swallow
or unMbe (liquor) ; to tipple ; to ab3orb. ^n. Liquid to
be swallowedl — Drink^A-ble, a. An,
Drip (drf p), v,i,&t. limp. & p. p. Dripped (drTpt)
or Dbipt ; p. pr.&vb.n. DRippnio.T [Sae Drob.] To
fan, or let fall, in drops. ^ n. 1. A filing in drops ;
that which drips or drtms. 2. Eaves of a roof.
Drip^piny,»» 1. A fuliog in drops; sound so made. 2.
That which falls in drops^ as fat from meat in roasting.
DriT* (driv), V. I. (imp. Drovb (drSv), formerly
Dratb (driv) ; p. p, Drivrs (drTv'n) ; p. pr, & vb. n.
Dritiko.] [as. ifrlAm.] 1. To impel away from one ;
to posh forward. 2. To direct the motions of (beasts
drawing a vehicle, or the vehicle^ ; to convey In a vehicle.
S. To urge or hurry forward. 4. To dig horiiontally in a
Bidne.«"V. L 1. To rush violently, or move furiously.
2. To be impelled or driven. 3. Tb go or pass in a oar^
riage. 4. To press forward ; to strive, •^n. 1. A driv-
ing; a trip in a oarriage. 2. A road for driving. 3. Vio-
let motion ; hurried mspatch of bnshiesB. 4. A collection
of objects driven ; mass of logs to be floated down a river.
Syn.— BeeRmi.
DrtT'd (driven), V. i. [imp. A p. p. Drivrlrd f-'W)
or -ILLSO ; p.pr.& vb. n. Drivrliho or -BLLOfo.] [OE.
tfrovefon, drivelent to slaver.] 1. To slaver, like a child,
tdlot, or dotard. 2. To dote. — n. 1. SKver. 2. Bab-
ble. — DriT'tl-W, A. [Written also dtHveller.l
DriT'or (driver), fi. 1. One that drives, or that forces
anything onward. 2. A coachman ; one who manages a
locomotive. 3. Overseer of a gang of slaves or convicts.
UOaf^bb (drTs'xU), v, <. [Freq. of AS. dreSsan to fall.]
To rain In very small drope. — n. Mist. — Dris^T, a.
DnU (dr51), a. [F. dr6le ; cf. G. & D. droltig.}
Queer ; Indicrons from oddity. — n. 1. One who raises
mirth by odd tricks ; buffoon. 2. A puppet, farce, etc
»r. I. To banter ; to cajole. — Droll'er-y, n.
Syn, --Droll; Lauohablb: Comical; comic: fard-
oal ; diverting ; humorous ; ridiculous ; queer ; odd ; wag-
gle; merry ; Indiorotts. — Laughable denotes anything
«pcitliigla««hter ; comical denotes something humorous
of the Und exhibited In comedies ; droll ref era to persons
or things which excite Uughter by oddity.
Droai'A'da-ry (drfimt-dt-rf), n. [F. dromadaire;
Or. <0o^ runniiig.] The Arabian camel, having one
vrotaberanoe on the back, In distinction from the Bac-
Iriam eamet, which has two humps.
[AS. drin. Probably named fr.
1. The male of bees, which gatben
(dr5u),
the droning sound.]
no honey. 2. A sluggard. 3. A humming or deep mur-
muring sound ; a monot<mous bass. — p. ». 1. To make
a low, dull, monotouous sound. 2. To live In idleness.
Drool (drCbl), V. i. [Contr. fr. dHvel.l To driveL
Droop (Jrt'bp), V. i. [Icel. drUpa ; akin to B. drop."}
- . . . . . yeaknees. f *"- •^- j.— .-
1. To sink or luujg down from i
2. To be dispir-
ited or depressed ; to languish. — n. A droophig.
Drop (drSp), n. [AS. dropa^ fr. dredpan to drip, drop.]
1. Quantity of flmd wliich falls in one small spherics]
mass ; minim ; a small quantity. 2. A hanging orna-
ment, earring, penduit, sugarplum, etc. 3. Whatever
is arranged to drop or fall from an elevated positl<m ; a
contrivance for lowering soinettiing. 4. jh. Medicine
measured by drops. 6. Depth of a square saiL 6. A
sudden falL ^v.L&i. [ imp. & p.p. Dsomo (drSpt)
or Dbopt ; p.pr. & vb. n. Dboppiho. J To faU or let fall.
Drop'k^oor (drSp'sT-kal), Drw'slod (-sTd), a. Die-
eased with, or pert, to, dropsy. — Dnn/B-oal-lloao, n.
DrOP'oy (-«7)t n* L<^r- v^pw^, fr. vJMp water.] Un-
natural collection of serous fluid in the body.
DropC (drSpt), imp. &p. p. of Drop, v.
DrQa^(dr58ai3^),n. IBaaM.drtjki.] A Russian low,
four-wheded, open carriage, in which passengera ride as
on a saddle, [written also droitzMchka^ and <fro«eAi:«.l
Droos (drSi), n. [AS. drot.ft. dredsan to falL] 1.
Scum from melted metals. 2. Waste matter; dregs;
rofuse. — Drooo'y, a. — Droiol-iioMi, n.
Droasllt (drout), n. [AS. drugaS, from drugian to
dry.] Dryness ; want of rain or of water ; aridi^. •*
Drooglit^, n. — Dronglitl-iioao, n.
Dnmtll (drouth), n. Drought. ~ Drooth^, a,
DrOTO (orSv), imp. of Drivi.
DrOTO, n. [AS. drai^ fr. dr^fan to drive.] 1. A ool-
leotion of cattle for driving 2. A crowd. [etc I
Dro'vor (drS'vSr), n. One who drives, or buys, caMe, |
Drown (dronn), v. i. [AS. drunenian to sinJc, become
dnmk.] To be suffocated In fluid ; to perish In water.
— p. /. 1. To overwhelm In water ; to submerge. 2.
To kill by immersion. 3. To overcome ; to exthiguish.
DrowiO (drous), V. L [AS. driueUm to become In-
active.] To dote. — n. A slight sleep. — DrOff^y
.^),a.--
Syn.-l
Drow'ol-ly, adv. — Drow'si-iiiM, n.
Dmb (drfib), V. t. [AS. drepan to strike.] To beat
with a stick. — n. A thinnp. — Dnd/bOT, n.
Dni<l(0 (dHij), V. i. [OK. druggen; prob. not akin to
E. drag^ but fr. Celtic.] To labor in mean ofBces. ^n.
One who drudges. — DrndC'Vi n, — UnAg^Wt-ft n.
Syn. — SeeTon..
Dnur (drfig), n. [F. drogue."} 1. Any substance used
in medicine, m dyeing, or in chemical operations. 2. A
commodity in no demand. •» v. i. To administer medi-
cines, —v. t. 1. To season with drugs ; to stupefv by a
narcotic drug. 2. To tincturo with something offensive
or injurious. 3. To dose to excess.
Dniff'COt (drtig'gfit), n. [F. droguet^ prop. dim. of
drogue trash, stuff. ] A coarse woolen cloth used to cover
carpets. [maoeutict; apothecar>-. I
Vnut'ClSt (drttg'gTst), n. A dealer hn drugs; phar-|
Dr^MTdrnld), n. [L. Druidei ; of
Celtic origin . ] An ancient Celtic priest.
-Dm'ld-OM, n. f. -Dm-ld'lOt Dm-
Idlo-al, a. — Dmld-lm, n.
(drfim), n. [Cf. D. trom^ tram-
mel, Q. Irommely OHO. trumba trum-
pet.] 1. An instrument of music,
havmg heads of stretched vellum, to
be beaten with sticks. 2. Anythhig Common Drum,
shaped like a drum ; as: (a) An Iron SfSiSS?'
radiator for warmhig an apartment. (6) ''■""^
Cylindrical box to hold figs, etc (c) TVmpanum of the
ear. (d) Cylinder on a revolving shaft, generally for
fim, reomit, Arb, r^^e, f^ tun, fo'od, ftfbt, out, oil, ehair, yo, sing, i||k, then, Uiia.
DRUM MAJOR
184
DUMBLY
driTing palleyif by belts pMaing around its periphenr ;
bMTel of a hoiating machine. 3. A tea party ; setUe-
drum. ^r. i, 1. To beat a drum with atieka ; to pUy a
tune on a drum. 2. To beat with the fingers, as with
drumsticks ; to make a noise like that of a wsaten drum.
3. To go about to gather recruits, secure partisans, cu»>
tomers, etc ^v, L 1. To execute (a tune) on a drum.
2. (With oil/) To expel iguomiuiously, with beat of drum.
3. (With up) To assemble ; to collect. — DnUDlMr , n.
DrmB' malor (mi^jiri l. Chief drummer of a reg-
iment. • 2. Marching leader of a mUitary band. [T. S.]
DmiB'ltlok' (drfim'siTkOi n. 1. A stick for beating
a drum. 2. Second joint oi a fowl's leg.
Dnmk (drtink), a. [AS. drumren.] Intoxicated.
Dnuik'afA (drdijk'Srd), n. A toper ; a sot.
Dnuik'011 (-'u), a. 1. OTercome bv strong drink ; in-
ebriated. 2. Saturated; drenched. — Dmnk'an-lieMltn.
Syn. — DauNKKMMMs ; Iittoxicatiom : lusnuATioa ;
inebriety. — 1/runAenrteu refers more to the habit ; wtox-
ication and inebriation, to specific acts.
Drvp^ (drnp), n. [ p. ; L. drupa an overripe olive. ] A
fruit connsting of a pulpy exocarp, ^^ — ^- ^
without valves, containing a nut or
stone with a kernel. — Dni-pft'-
oaooi (drv-pi'shfis), Dnip'al, a.
Thy (dxi), a. ICompar. Deis»
(dri'Sr}; tuperl. DRonr.] [AS.
^nfff^'L ^ ''^^ '<^"^ moisture;
arid. 2. Destitute of interest 3.
S'larp ; shrewd ; quaint. _
*i?^.*P^ **•***'• fabrics, as dia- 8««tion of Dnii
tinguished from groceries. * — .. . . i
ipe of the
Pench, shnwing Ejio-
csrp and Stone.
a system of measures of
volume for dry or coarse articles,
by the bushel, perk, etc. —Dry aarM, a nurse who brings
op a child by hand.
— V. t. & i. Ump. A p, p. Dribd (drid) ; p. pr. A v6.
n. DaTmo.] To make, or grow, dry ; to evaporate.
DnKad C-Xd), n. [Or. Vv^, pi. 5pvaac«, fr. 6pvt oak,
tree.] A wood nymph.
Diylac, A. 1. Adapted or tending to exhanst mois-
tore. 2rHaving the quality of rapidly becoming dry.
Diy^y, adv. In a dry manner; not suoctUently;
without interest ; without sympathy; coldly.
Ihl'al(du'al), a. [L.iltMi/i«,fr. tfttotwo.] Expressing,
or consisting of, the number two ; as, the dual number
of nouns, etc.. in Oreek. — Dn-al'i-ty (dtt-Ua-tj^), n.
Dv'a-Un (du'A-lTn), n. An explosive composition of
wood pulo, sattirated with nitroglycerin, etc
Dv'al-UBIl (-«1-Ts*m), n. State of beinff dual or two-
fold ; a system founded on a double principle.
Dv'al-istiO (•Ts'tTk), a. Consisting of two.
Dull (dab), p. /. [AS. dnbban to strike.1 1. To con-
fer knighthood upon, tapping the shoulder with the sword.
2. To invest with any dignity ; to call. 3. To strike or
rub smooth ; to dress (cloth, leather, timber, etc).
Dll1ll-<niS (<1u^T-fis), a. [L. dubiuSy dubionu, fr. duo
two.] 1. Doubtful in opinion; undetermined. 2. Oc-
casioning doubt : questionable. — DnHBi-OIIJlrlj, adv,
Hyn. — See Doubtful.
Dv'oal (duHcal), a. [P.] Pertaining to a duke.
DiU/at (dfiklt), n. [P. ; It. dttcaio, LL. ducatus, fr.
L. dux leader. See Dukb.1 A coin of several European
coimtries ; orlS', one iitrucK in the dominions of a duke.
Duoh'aMI (dBch'Si)* "• [P* duchejtge, fr. due duke.]
Wife or widow of a duke ; a lady having the sovereignty
of K duchy in her own right.
DilO]l'y(dficb^),n. [r.duchi,tr.h.dux. See Dukb.1
Dominions of a duke ; dukedom. [dariing. [
Dvok (dOk), n. [Cf. Dsn. dukke, O. rfooitr.] A pet ; I
Duok, n. [p. doek.^ A linen (or cotton) fabric, for
light sails, sacking of beds, men^s clothing, etc.
Duok, V. ^ [D. duikm to dive.] 1. To plunge under
water and suddenly withdraw. 2. To bow ; to bob down.
— r. i. 1. To dive; to dip. 2. To bow. — n. 1. A
waterfowL 2. A bobbing of the head or droppinf of
the person.
DttOkOlac (dfikllng), n. A youns or little duck.
Dnot (dfikt), n. [L. ductus a leading, conduit, from
ducere, duetum^ to lead.] A tube or canaL
Dvotlla (dfik'tll), a. [L. ductiiit, fr. ducere.) 1.
Easily led ; tracUble ; oomplyins. 2. Capable of being
drawn out, as into wire or threads. — Dno-tlH-tT, n.
Dad* (dud), n. An affected dandy. IRecemQ
Dv-dMB' (dtt-dSn^), n. A short tobacco pipe.
Dndg'OOB (dfiflin), n, 1. Boot of the box tree. 2.
Haft ofa dagger ; a dagger.
Dndt'aon, n. [W. dy^en anger, grudge.] Resentment.
DvdS (dlklx), n. pi. [Scot dud rag, pi. duds mean
clothing.] 1. Old clothes. 2. Effects, in generaL [Slatro]
DOA (ou), a, [P. (fd, p. p. of devoir to owe, fr. L
debere. ] 1. Owed , as a debt ; payable. 2. Justly claimed ;
suitable ; fit. 3. Pulfilling obligation ; proper ; sufBdeitt
4. Appointed to arrive at a given time. 5. Owing;
ascribable (to a cause). — o<fv. Directly ; exactly. »n.
1. That which is owed, or which one contracts to pay, or
do, to or for another ; that which custom, law, or molality
requires to be done ; fee ; debt. 2. Right ; Just claim.
Dutliill' (-bT10,n. Written acknowledgment of a debt
Dn'el (duOH), n. [It duello, fr. L. duo two.] A com-
bat between two persouc. — r. <. & t. To fight in single
combat — Dv'al-llIC, n. & a. [Written also duellimg.}
— Du'tl-iSt, n. [Written also dueUitt.1
llDll-«iao(d«-«m),N. [It.] Duel; rules of dueling.
II D«-«ilA (doc-t'uyi), n. [SpO Dofta ; lady ; madam.
Dn-onrna (rfi-^n'ni), n. [^ dti^ffa, doHa, fr. L.
dontina. See Damb.] 1. Chief lady in waiting on tlie
queen of Spain. 2. Elderly Isdy in charge of younger
ladies in a Spanish or Portuguese uunily. 3. A govemesa.
D«-«f {jit-9V)t n. A musical comporition for two per.
formers, vocal or instrumental. [A teat ; ninple. I
DllC(dBg),n. [AkintoSw.do90otoauGk]e(aohad).]I
Doc, imp. & p. p. of Dio.
Dvka (duk), n. [P. due, fr. L. dux, duets, leader, fr.
ducere to lead.] 1. Orig., a leader; prince. 2. In
England, one of the highest order of nobility after princes
andarchbishope. 3. A European sovereign prince, with-
out the title of king. — Doks^dflOl, n.
Dnl'0«t (d&l'8«t), a. [OP. doucei, dim. of do/us tweet,
L. dulds sweet] Sweet to the ear ; melodious.
Dnl'ot-IIMr (-sT-m8r), n. [It ddcemele, fr. L. duleis
-f mHos song, melody.] A musical instrument having
stretched wires to be beaten with light hsmmera.
Dull (dfil), a. [AS. dol foolish.] 1. Slow of under-
standing; stupid. 2. Slow in action; sluggish; auk-
ward. 3. Insensible; unfeeling. 4. Mot keen in edge
or point ; lackins sharpness. 6- Not bright or clear to
the eye ; dim. 6. Heavv ; inert. 7. Pumishing little
variety; uninteresting; depressing; cloudy; overcast
Syn. — Inanimate ; dead ; stupid ; cheerless ; tedious ;
irksome; dismal ; tarnished ; obtuse. See Litblbss.
— V. f. 1. To deprive of sharpness. 2. To stupefv. 3.
To tarnish. 4. To depress ; to sadden. — r. t. To bo-
come dull or stupid.
Dnll'ard (4lrd), n. [Dull -{- ^rd.'\ A stupid perM>n.
DvllllMS, n. The being dull ; stupidity ; bluntness ;
dimness ; want of luster. [Written also dulness.}
Dolly, adv. Stupidly ; slowly ; sluggishly.
Duly (dulj^), adv. In a due, fit, or becoming manner ;
as it (anything) ought to he ; proiierly ; regularly.
Diimb(dam),a. TAB.] 1. Without
power of speech. 2. Not willing to
speak; mute; silent
Syn.— Silent ; speechless ; noiseless.
BeeMuTB.
Dumb'-beU' (-bao* "• A weight,
consisting of two connected heavy
balls, for gymnastic exercise.
ibly, adv. In silence ; mutely.
i, S, t, 5, a, loo( ; A, «, 1, 0, 0, », diort i Matt., Crant, tdM, tlxy, ttnit., cAn, Mnn, Aik, (11, fluoL
DUMBNESS
185
DYSENTERY
1 (dttm^ib), n. Silence; nniteDea.
V Oioond'), V. t. To strike dumb with
. fWrltten al80 <fi«m6/cwiiMr.]
Dnm'BF {-mf)^ a. 1. BUent ; nobeleas. 2. Fictitioaa
orBham.«n. 1. One who ia dumb. 2. A aham padnge.
5. Model; lay figure. 4. A locomotive with coudensing
engines zxid no noiae of eacapiag steam ; a dummy car.
6. The fourth or exposed hand when three persona play
at a four-handed game of cards.
Damp (dfimp), n. [Cf. Dan. dump dull.] Gloomy
■tate of the mind ; low spirits ; ill humor ; — only in pi.
, V. I. rOf. leeL dumpa to thump.] To throw
; to unload (aand, coal, etc.) from a cart by tilting
it. •»«. 1. A car or boat for dumping refuae, etc. 8-
Place for dumping refuae. 3. Matter dumped.
Dnnqptlll, a. Dull ; aad ; moping ; melancholy.
]hUiplSBg(4Tng),n. [Dim. of dumpa abort, ill-alu^ien
piece ; of uncertain origin.] Maaa of boiled dough.
ThOBSTF {'f)i f^ iCompar. Dumfixb (-T-8r) ; mperl.
DDHPiaaTj 1. Short and thick. 2. Sullen.
Dm (dim), n. [See Dukx.] A mound or amall hilL
Dob, v. L To cure (codfish) by laying them, after aalt-
ing, in a pile in a dark place, covered with aalt graaa, etc.
Dim, v.LAi. [AS. dyne noiae.] To beaet (adebtor)
for payment ; to urge importunately. — n. 1. One who
duna. 2. Urgent demand of payment.
Dwi, a. [AS. cfimnj Dull brown ; awarthy.
DVBM (dona), fi. [n*. Joannes Dunt Scotus, a aohool-
man caUed the SuUie Dodor.] Blockhead ; dolt.
D«l'd«r-]MlA' (dan'dSr-Mrj/),Dllll'd«r-pAttt' (-pif ),
n, [Pror. B., fr. dwnder := thunderS\ A dunce.
DUM (dun), n. [Same word aa down^ bank of aand.]
A low hiU of drifting aand. [Written abo dun.}
UwaftUW (dfin'fTahO, n. Codflah peculiarly cured.
Dans (d&ng), n. [AS.] Excrement of an animaL ^
9, 1. To manure. — v. i. To void excrement.
Dmfnon (d&n'Jlin), n. [F. donjon tower or keep of
a caatle^ A cloae, dark priaon, commonly under groimd .
Dn'O (du^), n. [It. ; fr. L. duo two.] A duet.
Do'O-dMl-nal (-d&^-mal), a. [L. duodecim twelve.]
Proceeding in computation by twelves ; expressed in the
scale of twelves, •^n. LA twelfth part. 2. pi. A sys-
tem of numbera, whose denominationa rise by twelves.
Dn'O^M'l-mo (-mft), a. [L. in duodecimo in twelfth,
fr. duodeeimue twelfth.] Hiving 12 leaves to a sheet.
•»a. A book whose aheeta are folded into VI leavea ; —
oaoally written 12mo or IIP. .
I DVO-te^nm (•dS'nfira), n. [NL. ; ita length being
about 12 fingers* breadth.] The part of the small intes-
tines between stomach and jejunum. — Du'O-dofnal, a.
I Dve'mo (dwi'mft), A. [it.] AcathedraL
DllM (dup), A. [F.J One deceived or easily de-
ceived ; a gulL — V. /. To trick ; to mislead.
Dq'^ (dii'pM), [| Dn'kez (-plSks), a. [L. duplex,
tt. duo -^-pliettre to fold.] Double ; twofold.
DoW-cato (-plT-ktt), a. [L. duvlicare, -catum, to
doable, fr. duplex.} Double ; twofold. ^ n. lliat which
exactly correiponds to something else ; a copy. — v. t. 1.
To double ; to fold. 2. To copy. 3. To divide into two
by natural growth. — DVpU^MltlOll, Dv'pU-oa-tnro, n.
Dn-|rtio^ty (-plts^-tj), n. [F. dupOcUS, L. duplici-
Uu.} 1. DouUeness. 2. Insincerity ; bad faith.
Syn.—DouUe dealing; diaaimulation ; deceit; guile.
Dn'ta-ld* (du'rA-bM), a. [L. durabUi*, fr. durare to
last, f r. dunu hard.] Able to endure ; not changeable.
— Difte-Ut-ntn, Du'ra-bill-tT, n. — Dv'rm-ldy, adv.
Srn. — Permanent : firm ; atabie. See Labtiko.
B Dmta mMtm (du'ri mS'tSr). [L., lit., hard moth-
«rj Membrane liniug the skull and spinal column.
DVmum (dur'ana), n. [OF., fr. L. dnrant, -mntU,
p. 2' of durare.} 1. Duration. 2 Irapriaonment ; durews.
DQ-rtllOll^dtt-ri'ahfin), n. [0F.]_ Continuance.
Uja^nms (du'rtJa or d<^-r8s0, n. [OF. duresse severity.
Lb duritiOy fr. dunu hard.] Hardship ; imprisonment.
Dorinif (durOfng), prep.
„,., Intbetimeof; aatoof M.
Dnnt (dfirat), imp. of Dakb.
Diuk(dfiak),a. [Cf.dial.Sw.cfiMJfcatodrlnle.] Tend-
ing to darkness. •» n. 1. Imperfect obscurity ; twilight.
2. A darkifih color. — Dllflk^, a. — DllSkl4y, adv.
Dost (dtist). n. [AS. dutt.} 1. Fine, dry earth or
powder. 2. Earthy remains of the human body. 3. A
worthless thing. 4. Gold dust; hence: (Slang) Money;
wealth.— V. I. 1. To free from dust 2. To aprinkle
withduat. 3. To powder.
Dnst'er, n. 1. One that dusta ; a blowing machine.
2. Over-garment, to protect clothing from dust
Durtfy i-f), a. 1. Filled or clouded with dust; r«-
ducmg to duat. 2. Like duat. — Dostl-IIMM, n.
DvtOll (dlich; 52), a. [D. duUteh German; or G.
detUsch.} Pertaining to Holland, or ita inhabttanta. ^n,
l.pt. People of Holland. 2. Language of Holland.
Dn'te-OM (duOMU), a. 1. Dutiful. 2. Subaerrient ;
obeequioua. — Dvle-OIW-ly, adv. — DatO-OUklMMh fi.
Dv'tl^-Ue (du'tT-A-b'l), a. Liable to pay duty.
Dntl-flll (-ral), a. 1 Performing, or ready to per-
form, the dntiea required by one entitled to daim obedi-
ence or deference. 2. C(mtrolled bv a sense of duty.
Syn.— Duteous; obedient; submissive; docile.
Dn'ty (du'tj^), n. 1. That which Is due. 2. That
which one ought to do ; any assigned service or busiueas.
3. Obedience to auperiors. 4. Respect ; reverence. 6.
Bfflciencv of an enjgine. 6. Tax paid on importation,
exportation, or consumption of goods.
Dwaxf (dwarf), n. [AS. dweorg.} Man, animal, or
plant below ordinary sUe.^v. /.& ». To stunt
DwaxflshfO. Like a dwarf ; very small ; petty.
Dwell (dwSl), V. i. [imp. & p. p. Dwbllbd (d^nd),
contr. DwBLT ;D.pr.A rb. n. DwsLLnfo.] [AS. dwdlan.}
1. To delay. 2. To abide. 3. To live hi a place.
Syn. — To live ; abide ; sojourn ; reside ; stay ; rest
Dw^lOf, n. Habitation ; abode.
Dwlll'dle(dwTn'dM), r. f. lAS.dwtnan.} Todlmln-
iah : to waate or consume away ; to degenerate.
Dyt (dl), r. /. [imp. Sc p. p. Dtu> (did) ; p. pr, &
vb. n. Dtomo.] [as. deAgian!) To stain ; to color by
dyestuffs. — n. 1. Color produced ^dyeUig. 2. Ma-
terial used for dyeing ; a dyestuff. — Dy'er, n.
8tu ~— See Staiii
Djf/hOJMt' (•hous'), n. Place where dyeing is done.
Dyo'StnfF (-stOfO. n. Material used for dyeing.
Dy'lng (diOfnr), a. 1. In the act of dyhig ; mortal ;
perishable. 2. Pertaining to death. — n. Loss of life.
Dyke(dik), n. A dike.
Dy-nUB'e-ttr (dt-nlmt-tSr), A. [Gr. ivpetfut power
4- -meter.} 1. A dynamometer. 2. Anlnstrument for
determining ttie magnifying power of telescopes.
Dy-namlO, la. [Or. dwatiudt powerful, fr. W-
Dy-namlo-al, i vofm.} 1. Pert, to dynamics; be-
longing to enerity or power ; produring force. 2. Be-
lating to physical forces or laws. [opposed to slaiies. I
Dy-nam'teS (-Tks), n. Science of force and motion; — |
DylU-mlte (dl'nft-mit), n. [Gr. Svyaftm^.} An explo-
sive substance made from nitroglycerin.
Dy'Ba-mi'tOT (-ml'tSr), n. One who naes dynamite
to destroy life ana property. — Dylia-ml^tisill, n.
Dy'na-BO (-m6), n. A dynamo-electric machine.
Dy'Ba-mo-e-lectllO (4-iek^rTk), a. [Gr. iiipii4/H9
■+■ E. electric.} Pertaining to the development of elec-
tricity, esp. of electrical currents by mechanical power.
Dy'na-BOOl'e-ter (-m5m'^-tSr), n. Appanitiis for
measuring power. — Dy'nA-lllo-met'llO (-ni9t'rTk), a.
Dynestlo (dt-nK^nTk), Dynaa'tiiHa, a. [6r. <v-
va<m«c<k of a ruler (dwaff-nfc), fr. ivvaa0ai to be able or
strong.] Relating to a dynasty or line of kingfi.
Dy'lUUhty (di'nos-ty or dYn'«s-ty), n. [Gr. iweurrtia
lordship, fr. ivvdmi^.} 1. Sovereignty; lordship. 2.
SiicceRsion of kings, of the same family.
Dys'en-ter-y (dls^n-tXr-y ), n. [Gr. iwrevrtpia ; Avf-
fSm, recent, Arb, r^de, f^ll, Am, food, fo^t, out, oU, chair, go, sins, i||k, then, thin.
DYSENTERIC
186
EAST
4-hmpa intertiiiM, fr. «xrtf? within, ir = K. fn.l In-
flammAtion of the colon and rectum. — Dyi'oil-tfr'lo
(dTs^Su-tilr'Tk), njWUk-iWti^^, a,
I>ys-p«p'aMl (-Mi/sI-4 or -ebi), I n. [Or. Svtfvc^boi ;
i>y»-p»p'«y w)» ) *«- + «>Tfu' to
digest ; akin to K. eooL"] Indigestion ; distnrlMaee of the
■tomaoh. — Dri-Mp^tiO (dTe^pSp'cTk), a. A n.
0 nfWp-martk CdUip-o»*)f n, [Oc ^v^wrotm, fr. «»«w
«voof short of breath ; <vt- + wro^ braathiqg, www to
breathe.] Difflcolty of braathing.
E.
I (Scfa), a. or a. pron. [A8. mie ; ii always -f ff^te
like.] Every one of a number considered separately.
8yn. — Bee Etkbt.
Bft'SW (S'gSr), a. [OE. ej^rv, fr. L. aetr sharp, sour,
sealons.] Keenly deairoos ; earnest. — Bft'|^-ly, adv.
Syn. — Eaobk ; BAJumr ; ardent ; vehement ; hot ;
impetuous ; fervent ; intense ; impassioned ; sealous ; for-
ward.— Bager marks an excited state of desire or pasision.
Earnest denotes a permanent state of mind or sentiment.
Bft'SW-neM, n. Ardent desire ; vehemence ; zeaL
8yn. — Ardor; fervor; heat ; passion ; needines
M^iUiVg'l),n. l¥.aigle,ix.Jj,aquila.-\ 1. A
^$!^ (S'g'l), n. l¥. aiffle, fr. JLi. aquila. ] 1. A rapa-
cious bird of the Falcon fsmiiy, of great strength, sise,
keenness of vision, and power of flight 2. A gold coin
of the United States, worth $10. 3. Figure of an eagle
used as a standard or national emblem.
Bft'glat (S'glSt), n. A young or Loiall eagle.
Eur (Sr), n. [AS. eAre; akin to L. aurU^ Or. o^.]
1. The organ of hearing. 2. Sense of hearing ; percep-
tion of sounds. 3. A projection resembling an animaTs
ear : lug ; handle. 4. Privilege of being heard ; favor ;
panic Me
Tvm.
iMtnnm I < Mal-
leus I m Incut » n Btlprt : o
Vestibule i p Coehit'ii : t Thtw
ftemietreuUr Canwln r Aiulktcrj
Nerve i » EustaCliiutt Tube.
Disfrmmmatic Mctional view of the left Human Ear.
Eir(Sr),n. [AS.] Spike of a cereal (wheat, rye, com,
etc.), cbntiduinff the kernels. — v. i. To form ears.
Eur, r. t. [AS. erum,"} To cultivate (Und).
Eur'aohO' (Sr^akO* »• Ache or pain in the ear.
Bail (Sri), n. [AS. eorl man, noble.J English nobl&>
man rankinfr below a marquis. — Eurl'dbn, n.
EaraatM (SrMes), a. Without ears ; deaf.
BurlT (8r'lV), adr. [AS. SSrllce ; Sr sooner 4- /ic
like.] Soon ; in good season ; betimes.— a. In advance
of the regular time ; among the first ; — opp. to tate.
Syn. — Forward ; timely ; not late : seasonable.
m'mMtk' (Sr'miirkO, n. 1. Mark c
: cut on the
shA«p, oxen, dogs, etc. 2. Distinguishing mark.
Bani(Sru), r. /. [AS. eamian.] L To desi
by labor or service. 2. To receive as compensation.
Syn. — See Obtaiw.
Ear^liest (Sr'nSst), n. [Prob. corrup. fr. F. arrhe*^ L.
arm, of Semitic origin.] Something given as a pledge,
y, money paid to bind a bargain.
Syn. — Earwwt : Plbdob. — An eamext gives assur-
ance or probability that more is com ins; of the name kind :
a pledge affords ground of reliance for the future.
■t (ir'nBst), n, [AS. eornMl, Mnwjf.l Seri-
reality. — a. 1. Ardent in pnrsoit of an <4»-
Ject ; eager to obtain or do. 2. Intent ; fljwd closely.
Syn. — Zealous ; hearty ; nxsent. See Eaob.
Bartmt-ly, adv. in an eanieat manner.
Baz^HMt-BMHI, n. The being earnest ; anxiety.
Bamlnff, n. That which is earned ; wages.
BaiTriac' (Sr^Tng'), n. Ornamental ring passed
through the lobe of the ear.
Bar'IAol' (-shSt/), n. Reach of the ear or of soond.
Earth (8rth}, n. FAS. e9r8e.^ 1. The planet we in-
habit ; the world, in distinction from sun, moon, or stars ;
the abode of mortals, dlsting. f r. that of spirits. 2. Solid
materials of the globe, disting. fr. sir or wster ; dr]r<isaid.
S. Softer inornalo matter of the globe, distins. f r. rock ;
soQ, grarel. day, loam, etc 4. Worldly things; imr-
soits of this life. 6. In chemistry, an earthy-looking
metallic oxide. 6. An animal's hole in the grooad. —
v.t.&L To hide in the earth ; to bury.
Baitb'«n(Srth'*n),o. Hade of earth, baked eUy, etc
Bartb'en-wara' (-wtr^), n. Vessels, oteosils, orna-
ments, etc., made of baked day.
Earthlneaa (T-nSs), n. A being earthy ; gitMsnesa.
EarthOl-neMl (-lT-n8s), n. WorldUness; grosnesa.
EartliaillC (-ITngVn. Inhabitant of the earth ; a moitaL
Earthly, a. 1. Fsrtaininff to the earth or to man*s
existence ; not heavenly or sniritual ; oamal ; worldly. 2.
Of all things on earth ; possible ; conceivable. — adv. In
the manner of tiie earth or its people ; worldly.
Syn. — Oroes: material; sordid; mean; base; Tile;
low ; unsubstantial ; temporary ; corrupt ; groveliiog.
Earth'Blir (-nfit/V n. Root, tuber, or pod grown .nn-
der or on the ground.
Earth'qnakr (-kwSkO, n. A ahaking of the
due to subterranean causes. [earth.
Earth'WOlfe'(-wflrk')«ii. Anv construction made ol
Earth'wonn' (-wfirm'), %. A worm found in damp
soil ; angleworm ; dewworm.
Earthy (J^), o. 1. Consisting of, or like, earth. 2.
Oross ; low. 3. Witliont luster ; rough to the touch.
Bar^Wlf ' (-wTg'), ». [AS. eArwicffa: e&rt ear -f vriega
worm.] An insect vulgarly suppaaea to creep into the
humsn ear. [effort. I
Baaa (Sx), n. [F. aiw.l Freedom from trouble or|
Syn. — Rest; quiet: facility; easiness; readineaa.
— r . /. A i. To free from anythfaig that pains or oppresses.
Syn. — To relieve ; disburden ; qitiet ; catan ; alleviate ;
idlay ; mitigate ; appease ; pacify.
Ea'a«l (S'sM^n. [D.ese/aaB,easd.] PftinteT*s frame
to hold a canvas upright.
Eaaa'BMllt (Ss'mait), n. 1. That which gives ease or
assistance ; accommodation. 2. liberty or advantagv
which one proprietor haa in another's Mtate, distinot
from any right to the substance of tits land.
Eaa'i-ly (Ss^-lj^), adv. 1. With ease ; without dUB-
culty. 2. ReadUy; wilUngly. 3. Quietly; gently.
Eas^-naaa, n. A being easy ; freedom.
East (Sst), n. [AS. eAsl ; akin to D. ofM, ootlm, led.
auHr, L. aurora^ Or. i|wc, jSmc.] 1. Point in the heavens
where the sun rises ; the point of the compass at riglit
angles to north and south, and toward the right hand of
one facing the north ; point oppoaite to the west. 2. Tlie
orient. — a. Toward tlte rising sun. — orfv.
earth,
5arth7(
Mleofl
i^ 8, f , ff. II, long ; Ji, «, 1, 6, A, f, short ; sanAte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cAre, ftrm, Ask, ^a, final.
EASTER
187
ECSTASY
..jr(S«a8r),n. rA8.0djfer,edjmm,pMobalfeaat,
ir,.fr. EAstre^ godde« of wiagi whose fertiTal wm
eolebratad in April, called in AS. J?6kerm0i»a9. Fr.root
of K. eojt] A church fettiva] commemorating Christ*!
rsMureetioo ; the Sondfty after Good Friday.
BtSf ff-ly, a. 1. Coining from the eaat. 2. Situated,
directed, or moring toward the east. — oifv. Eastward.
BMfita (-3rn)f a. 1. Situated or dwelling in the
east; ocientaL 2. Going toward the east
SS2l2Si?t2[5?\^*}«'»- Toward the east.
BnrWiras (-wirdiiL )
- Bm^ (^71* ^ [Compar. Eaiibb (•!•&) ; tuperi,
BAanra.] [OF. oiti^ prop. p. p. of o^fier to ease.j 1.
At eaae ; free from pain or constraint. 8. Not causbig
pain, disquiet, or exertion ; affording rert. 3. Not dif-
Icolt; aUght. 4. Not resisting; yielding; ready. 6.
Not straitened as to monev mattera ; — opp. to tiifht,
Stu* — Qoiet; comfortable; manageaue; calm.
Bit (at), v.U&L limp. ATS (it), (H»$ol€9. A CoUoq.
Sat (St) ; p. p. KAnor (St^n). Ob$, or CoUoq. Eat (8t) ;
p,pr.A vh. n. SATne.] [AS. etan ; aUn to D. eten, O.
MMM, It ecf^re, Gr. JSctv.] 1. To chew and swallow ;
to deVour. 8. To corrode (motal) by rust ; to consume
(flesh) as a cancer ; to waste away. — Bsl'cr, n.
Syn.— To consume; derour; gnaw; corrode.
Btra^M* (-i-bl), a. Fit for food ; esculent ; edible.
— M. Something fit to be eaten.
■" 1S OM)j *• pi' [AS. e/<rj«.] Edges of a roof orer-
. . jding water from the roof.
_ . . ), r. i. To stand under tlie
eaTes of a house, to learn what is said wittUn doon; to
listen secretiy. — BaTlB^dloyptf, n.
m>(9b),f». lAB.ebba,} I. The flowing back of the
tide; retomof thotidal ware toward Um sea; — opp. to
/eotf. 2. A fsUing from a better to a worse state ; low
condition ; decline ; dec^. » v. i. To flow back ; to de-
cline; to recede. — a. Receding; shallow; low.
WHb tlds, reflux of tide water ; -opp. tojtood tide.
Byn. — To receda; decay ; decrease ; wane ; siulc.
Bb'lQn (A/fin), a. 1. Condsting of ebony. 2. Like
ebony; black. •»». Ebony.
^OB-lto (-it), n. Blade rulcanite, used for combs,
ratus, etc.
) ebony.
of flne poIisbT -^ o. ICade of, or like, ebony ; black.
BW'My (l-bri^tj^), a. [L. ehrietoM, it. ebHut bi-
foxicated.1 Drunkennew ; intoxication ; inebriety.
B^alliiMt (-bflFyent), a. [L. ebuUieM, -tnti$, p. pr.
of thuUin to boil up; e out, from -{- bullire to boil.]
Boiling up or orer ; manifeatinff exhilaration of feeling ;
sfferresdng. — B^alllMilM, B-lmiaiMI-OT, n.
Bb'vl-iram (Sb'fil.lTsh'fin), n. 1. A boiUng up of a
liquid; motion produced in a liquid rapidly conrerted
faitoyapor. 2. Sffervcibcettce. 3. Outburst.
I W9MfW (fkllr'ttO* n. [F., prop. p. p. fr. icarter
to discard.] A game at cards in which the plajren may
diaeard cards dealt and receive othera from the pack.
B»Ot«lllO (Sk-sSnarTk), a. [Gr. cxccvrpoc ; ex oat
of + mirrptm center.] 1. Deriating from the center,
from the line of a circle, or from true circular motion.
2. Not having the same center ; — said of circles, eUipees,
S etc., which, though coinciding in pMt, have not
1 center; — opp. to eotteentrie. 3. Deriating
uvuiHual practice or established laws.
Syn. — Irregular ; singular; odd ; erratic ; whimsical,
•^a.. 1. A circle not
baring the same center
as aaother contained
parUywithfaiit. 2. One
that deriates from reg^
nbtfity. 3. A diak or
wheel so arranged upon
a shaft that the center a Ecwntrlc.S.
spheres, c
of the wheel and that of the shaft do not coincide. It Is
used to giro a motion (to a valve, etc.) like that imparted
l^a crank having the same throw. — Bo-Odll'nlo-Al
(«k-a8n^rT-kol), a. — Bo-OMltrlo-al-ly , adv. — Bo'OMI-
tllol-ty (Sk/eSn-trTsa-tf), n.
Bo^Ml-MtlO (•klS'sT-ia'tTk), a. [Gr. ^iucAiKria<m.
K^, fr. iatXiiaia church ; fr. c« out -j- xcActv to call.]
Pert to the church. » a. Clergyman ; priest. — Bo-d*'-
■fr«itl»«l, a. - B»d«'lUui'llMa-ly, a</v.
Bolll-lUItt (OEa-ntt or ^ki'ntt). Bolll-IIA'ttd, a.
[L. ecMnatus. See EcRnnn.] Set with prickles ; priddy.
U BHdil'llllS (^ki'n&s), R. [Gr. JyiHK.I 1. A hedge-
hog. 2. Sea urchin. 3. A roimded molding.
E(Clhf{Skt),n. [L. ; Gr. i^x^O 1. A sound reflected
to the ear ; response ; answer. 2. A raytliological nymph,
who pined away until only her voice remjuned.<»r. /.
A i. 1. To reverberate. 2. To repeat with assent ;
to adopt [iag flavored cream, i
llB'Olalr'(t'kltrO,n. [F.] A frosted cake, oontahi-
UB-oUdr'olMO-IIMllt (-sls-metit; F. fiOcltr^sls/mfiHOf
n. [F., fr. Sclaircir ; pref . m- (L. or) -{- elair clear, L,
elarus.'] A clearing up ; explanation.
BHlUr («-klii' ; F. PkW), n. [F., fr. Mater to burst,
shine.] 1. Brilliancy of success or effort; striking
effect; glory. 2. Applause.
Bo-ImHo (8k-18k'tTk), a. [Gr. ^icA«icruc6v, fr. iicA^cr
to choose out. See Eclooub.] 1. Selecting; choosing
(what is excellent). 2. Selected. » a. One who follows
an eclectic method. — Bo-lM/tl-elsm, n.
B-CltpM' (l-kHpeO, n. TF. ; Gr. &Aet<^tf a faiUng, fr. U
out -|- Aciveti^ to leave.] L An
interception or obscuration of - -
the light of tlie sun, moon, etc.,
by intervention of some other
bodv. 2. Obscuration ; gloom ;
darkness. — r. r 1. To darken
(a heavenly body). 2. To ob-
scure the bsautv, luster, honor,
etc., of; to shade by surpassing.
B-CUpllo («-klIp^Tk), tt. [L. tinea ecliptica, Gr.
cicAciaTurfk of an eclipse, because in this cirde eclipses
of the sun and moon take place.] 1. A great drcle of
the cdertial sphere, behig the apparent path of the sun.
2. A great circle drawn on a terrestrial globe, making an
angleof 23^^28' with the equator.— a. X Pertaining to
the ecliptic 2. Pertahiing to ecUpses.
BolOgM (SklSg), tt. [Gr. UXvY^, fr. U -f kiytw to
gather, choose.] A pastoral poem ; bucolic ; idyl.
B^oo-Bom^ (S^kft-nSmTk or Vk't-)^ ^oo-amnlo-al
(-T-kffl), a. [F. Sconomique. See EcoNomr.l 1. Pert
to the household ; domestic. 2. Relating to manage-
ment of household affairs. 3. Managing without inraste
or unnecessary expense. 4. FrugiU. 6. Relating to
means of living, or the resources and wealth of a coun-
try. — B^oo-namtiHa-ly, adv.
Woo-uomlm (-Tks), n. 1. DomesUc management.
2. Political economy ; application of resources.
B-OOn'O-mllt (-kOn'ft-mTst), n. 1. One who manages
judiciously. 2. One ccmversant with political economy.
B^MIl'O-llllM (-mil), V. t. A i. To manage with econ-
oiny. [Written also economise.']
B-OOB^O-mj (-my), n. [F. economify L. oeeonomia
household management, fr. Gr. oucot^ofita, fr. oLcof house
+ ¥6tiot usage, law.] 1. Management of domestic and
household matters, esp. as to expense. 2. Mansgement
of the internal affain of a state or of any eetabliSiment
3. Orderly regulation. 4. Thrift ; disposition to aave.
Pditieal seoBooMr, sdence of the sources and preserva-
timi of the raaterialsow^ealth, and prosperity of nations.
Syn. — EooNOMT ; Fruoautt ; Parsimoht. — Economy
avoids waste and applies money to the best advantage :
frugably proceeds on a system of saving. The Utter is
opposed to InvishneM or profusion. Parsimony is ex-
cessive frugality, involving meanness and sordid living.
Bo'lU-fly («k'st4.»y), n. [Gr. Umuns, fr. i^ = U out
EcUpM.
fim, reoent, Arb, ryda, f yll, ftm, food, fo^ot, out, oil, cliair, (o, sin^f il|k, then, ^fcfa,
ECSTATIC
188
EFFEMINACY
•f i^Tsvat to rtaikL] [Alao written extaty.} 1. The
being beside one's self ; elevfttion of the inind or soul
above tbe reach of ordinkrv objects. 2. Excessive joy or
enthusiasm. — Bo^tatlo (Skstltak), Bo-Stat1lHa, a.
BO'U-BltlliO (Sk'fi-mSnak), I a. [Gr. oucovtuvum i
Biya-llltllllHd (-T-kal), I fr. outovfitvii (bc. yqj
inhabited world, fr. ouceu' to inhabit, oLco« house.]
General; uniTersaL [Written also otcum^ira/.]
Eo'to-IIUI (8k'st-m4), n. [Or. cx^cfia ; U out + ^cir
to boiL] An inflammatory disease of the skin ; tetter ;
salt rhenm. — Bo-Mm'a-tOlUI (-s«m'i^t&s), a.
B^A'olOllJI (t'di'shiis), a. [L. edax^ edacU, f r. edere
to eat.] Given to eating ; voracious ; devouring. —
B^A'QiollihlMM, Z-^B&trtf {t-Man-tf), n.
Bd'OA (Sd'd4), n. [Icel. , lit. , great-grandmother (i. e. ,
of Scandinavian poetry).] A book of Scandinavian
Sagas (legends) of the norUiem gods and heroes.
Bd'dy T-dy ), n. [Prob. f r. IceL iSa ; cf. prpf . i*- back.]
1. Current of air or water contrary to the main current.
2. A whirlpool. — r. «. & t. To move in a circle.
II B'dMl-ta'U (S'dfo-ta'tA), n. pi, [NL. ; fr. L. eden-
talus toothless ; e out -|- deiUf denti*., tooth.] An order
of mammals including the armadillos, sloths, and ant-
eaters, and lacking certain teeth. — frdttntAtO (t-db/-
ttt}i a. Si n. One of the Edentata.
But (8j), n. [ AS. ecg ; akin to
G. eefee, L. acietf Or. ouny point.]
1. Gutting side of the blade of an ax,
knife, sword, scythe, etc. 2. A
border ; brink ; extreme verge. 3.
Sharpness ; keenness. — «. t. 1.
To furnish (a tool, etc.) with an
edge ; to sharpen. 2. To dress the
edge of. 3. To fringe or border.
4. To move by little and little or
cautiously. — r. i. 1« To move
sideways or gradually- 2. To saU
close to the wind.
Bdgt'WayB (Sj'wis), ) adv. In
Bdfft^irUM (-wis), } the di-
rection of the edge.
BdrtBff (8J^Dg)f n- 1- That
which forms an edge or border;
fringe, trimming, etc. 2. The
ahaping the edire of anything.
Bfll-ble (8dT-bn), a. [L. edibUis,
fr. edere to eat] Fit to be eaten ;
esculent.— n. Anythhig edible.
E'dlOt (S'dTkt), n. [L. edicere^ edictum, to proclaim ;
e out -f- dicere to say.] A public command ; decree.
Syn. — Proclamation : statute ; command. See Law.
Bdl-fi-Mtlon (SdOr-fT-ki'shfin), n. An edifying.
Edl-floe (-fTs), n. [L. aedificium^ fr. aedificare. See
An EdenUte. The
Two-toed Ant-eater
iCtfclothuru* ditlac-
Soirr.] A building ; elogant structure.
W-fy (-fi), V. L [F. Miftert L. aedificare: aei
honse, orig., fireplace -{-/acere to make.] I. Orig.,
Bdl-I
aedejt
- - . *o
build : to construct. 9t. To improve ; to teach.
E'dllt (C'dH), n. A Roman ledile.
Bdit (MTt), V. t. [F. idUer, L. edere, editum, to give
out, publish ; e out 4- <'«»'^ to gi^©-] To select, correct,
arransrv, etc. (matter for publication).
B^'tlOB (MTsh'fin), n. 1. A literary work (edited.
2. Number of copies of a work published at one time.
Bdl-tor (SdT-t^r), n. [L.] One who edits ; one who
prepares (a book, newspaper, etc.) for publication.
Wl-tO^-al (-tS'rT-ol), a. Pertaining to, written, or
sanctioned by, an editor. — n. IjAadiuK article in a
newspaper or m<ig(u:ine. expressintr the editor's views.
Edt-tor-llvit) (-tSr-shTp), n. Office of an editor.
Ed'Q-oate (-fi-kit), V. t. [L. educarff -cntum, to e<1u-
cate, fr. educere to lead forth, bring up (a child). See
Eddcv. ] To bring up (a child) ; to develop and cultivate ;
to form th« character of. — Ed^-OA'tor, n.
Syn. - To develop : instruct ; train ; breed ; rear.
BdfU-^nktl (Sd'^-ki'shOn ; 40), n. An educatias ;
knowIprtcT, "^fc!!!. or rlfprlplinf of chKTiu>ter» arqniTed- —
Efl u-ca'doa-aJ, .'— Ed d caption tst, »
Sytt. KniN^ni^N; l^sTKf■^ TUfS ; Tm^CHiJirt : TuAtw-
IM.^ ■ liEtrFiE-LMi. f.^i r/,.,H, ■^iruiwrlv tt tinfiH»ff ftrrth,
implji^^H ijuL >.u ujiLrlL ir4jiULLiijtLxi]>-.LLi<ii] t'l kiioifi-lfulfr a« dta^
cipliui^ ol th^i Etittliect^ ei«t4Ll']ipk nT uf ^iiD4.'L pies, and
rei^u lilt toil ot the kejirt. Itii'- < - /k'\ fiiriiuhru tlie luiDd
with know lerlpe, Tftir^ityfj if. .\\^\<[iiui r^ prft<iiice. TVittb-
mri iiLipartd l^K-llity iii atijt jihynkral ^ti- itiviftal otvrAtiatL.
bytt'tiit'j relnt^^a to lUAaiLgra ami outwnrtt c^bditL-t
Ed'a-CA-tiTe ^ka-lTv ^ n. Timdiug to edtw?*!*.
Bh]iic«' (*-'l5!%'>t r. t. [L, ftiHcttr. ; e out + it*t^re to
l«i.E J Tf> irnw otil , to ei tract ; to tvolTe. — EHftU'd-
Ue 1. ariM^b'l>, M. ^ EHfltto'iltMi (^Bk'nUBo), m.
E-c^Uc'tlVft ( -d il kt I V >, o, Teml (ag to dim* out.
E due tor ( t«r), n, [U. tutpr.] One tliat sliclts.
E dul'c0i4l6 (^aini'kA^rSt), r, l. [L. nduUm^are^
-atvm, to sweeten, fr. dvlcU sweet.] To sweetoi ; to free
from acidity. — B-^ul^OO-nt'tiOII, n.
Eel (SI), n. [AS. £// akin to D., O., & Dan. oaf.]
An elongated, snakeUke fish of many spedea.
Common Eel {AngviVa vu!ffari$). 00
E*M1 (6n), adv. Contraction for even.
E'er (ar or ftr), adv. Gontractton for ever.
Ee^rte I (S'rT), a. [Scotch, fr. AS. earh timid.] 1.
Be^ I Wild : weird. 2. Frightened.
ETta-ble («f 'f A-b'l), a. [L. effabUis ; ex out -f-/ar« to
speak.] Capable of being explained ; utterable.
Bf-teoe' (-fis'), V. t. \?. effaeer; pref. e*- (L. «r) -|-
Jace face; prop., to destroy the face or form.] 1. To
cause to disappear (anything inscribed upon a surface) by
rubbing out, etc. ; to erase. 2. To destroy (a mentid
inipression) ; to wear away. — Bf-fecellieilt, n.
Sy n.— To ErrAca ; Dsfacb ; blot out ; expunge ; erase ;
obliterate ; cancel ; destroy. — To defacr is to injure a
fiffure ; to ejfface is to rub out, so as to render invisible.
Ef-fect' Hfikt'J, n. [L. efficeie, -fecium ; ex -i-facere
to make.
1. Execution ; performance ;
See Fact.]
operation. 2. Manifestation; sign. 3. That wbirh
follows from an antecedent, called the cause; result;
consequence. 4. Impression on the mind. 6. Power to
produce results ; elBciency; force. 6. Mesning ; intent.
7. Purport ; sum and substance. 8. Reality ; meaning.
9. pi. Goods; personal estate.
Syn. — Effbct : Consbqusncb ; Rmult.- These words
indicate things which arise out of some antecedent, or fol-
low as a consequence. Effect denotes that which ntrings
directly from a cause. A consequence is more remot^ not
being strictly caused, nor yet a mere sequence, but flow-
ing out of and following something on which it depends.
A result is still more remote and variable.
— r. t. 1. To produce ; to cause to be. 2. To aooompUah.
— Bf-fect'er, Bl-feof or, n. — Bf-fectl-ble, a.
Srn. — To fulfill ; realise ; attain. See AoooMrusK.
Q-fectlre (-fSktTv), a. Able to produce eflects ;
operative. — n. 1. A cause. 2. One capable of artiva
service.— Ef-tecriTe-ly, adv.— Bf-fectl¥e-iieM. i».
Syn. — Efficient ; efBcacious ; forcible ; active ; power-
ful : energetic ; competent. See EFracrtTAL.
Ef-fec'tn-al (-tfi-ol ; 40), n. Producing, or able to pro-
duce, an intended effect. — Bf-fec^n-al-neiS, n.
Syn. - Effxcttjal ; Efficacious ; Effbctivb.— An «^-
cariotijt remedy is tried, and proves rjieriire if it does ao-
eic^ed good, effectual if it does all the good desired.
^-Tec'tn-ate (-it), r. /. To bring to pass ; to effect.
Bf -f emi-na-oy (-f SmT-nA-sj^ ), n. Characteristic qu- 1-
ity of a woman, such as softness, luxuriousness, or weak-
ness, which is unbecoming a man ; womanish delicacy.
S, 8, 1, S, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, «, t> >hort ; sraftta, dvent, tdea, 6b6y, finite, o4re, ftm, Ask, »n, finoL
EFFEMINATE
189
EITHER
in—- - . > (If-ffn/I-ntt), a. [L. iffflgminaret •««-
, to make * woman of ; ex out + /Miliia woman.]
i. TJira A woDum ; womauiah ; weak. 2. Womanlike ;
; tender. — >v. I. To make soft and delicate. —
Master; air;
~ ' --t(-»n'dl),». [Turk. <r«M«t.] "—
— Torkiah title of courtesj.
(-rtr-vfcOi «• *• [I* «* -\-/erwseere to
beffin boiling, f r. /erven to boil J To be in a state of ebul-
Utton ; to bubble and bias. — BttK-Yrn'mnOb, Bf'tor-
▼■■'otB-e7*»--'Brftr-T«<otBt,a.
Bl-ilit*^ (-f»0. «• [I* ^«^ exhauated ; ex -f fetus
that haa brought forth.] No longer capable of produ-
cing young or&uit ; worn out with age ; barren ; aterile.
nWSiJotolUi (-fT-kTahtta), a. P*.,5gf?«. t«^. /'•
^fieen. See Bffwt.] EffectiTe. — Brfi-«A'OtolUI-ly,
Qd9. — BMI-oa'oloa»-iMM, Bfll-oft-oy, n.
Syn. — Virtue ; force ; energy ; potency ; efficiency.
Bf-fl'olMIt (-fTah'ent), a. [L. effieieiUt -entity p. pr. of
efieere to ettect.] Gauaing effeota ; actively operative.
— ». An efficient cauae ; a prime mover. — U-lrolMloe,
BI-fPelMi-OT, ft. — BK-fi'daiiMy) adv.
8yn. — Effective; effectual; competent ; able.
ISttL-ff ( WY-jy)» n, [L. effigies ; ex -f- Jlngere to
haoe, deviae.] Likeneaa or representation of a person.
afno-nuo^ (-flft-r&Ot «• <• [L- efflorescere to blos-
i ; ex -\- fioreseere to begin to blossom, fr. fi<trere to
blossom, f r. flos flower.] X To blosaom forth. 2. To
form a whitish or cryataUine powder, on exposure to the
air. 3. To become covered with a whitish cruat, from
chemical change. — BMlO-res'oent (-sent), a.
Bfflo-rM^OMiM (-sena), Bl'Oo-rts'oan-oy C-a«n-«j^).
». 1. A flowering ; the blooming of flowers. 2. Red-
ness of the skin ; eruption. 3. {n) Fonnatiou of whitish
powder on the surface of efflorescmg bodies, {b) Crust.
BUlii-eiioe (-fltt-«ns). Bl'Ila-eii-oy (-«n-sj^), n. [F. ;
fr. L. effluens. See ErFLUdfr.] 1. A flowing out, or
emanation. 2. That which issues from any substance.
Eras-MIt (-ent), a. [L. effluens^ "Cntis, p. pr. of efflu-
ere; ex -\- fiuere to flow. See Flueht. ] Flowing out. —
H. Stream flowing out of another stream or lake.
BI-flQ'vl-lim (-flu'vT-ttm), n. [L., fr. effluere.'\ Sub-
tile or invisible emanation ; noxious exhalation.
Ernnr (SfflOks^), Bt-imxlon (-fl&k'shttnj, n. L A
flowing out, or issuing forth ; outflow. 2. Effluence.
BTfort (-fflrt), n. [F. ; OF. ««/or/, fr. esf order to ex-
ert one*s self, iAj. ej^oreiare ; L. ex -^ fort is strong.]
Exertion of strength or power, physical or mental.
Syn.— Endeavor ; strain ; trial ; essay. See Attsmpt.
n-frant'OT-y (-frfint^r-y), n. [F. effronierie, fr. L.
effrems^ -on/it, oarefaoed ; ex -^/rons forehead.] Impu-
dsnee in confronting or in transgressing decorum ; shame-
leas boldness ; barefaced assurance.
Syn. — Impudence ; sauciness. See Impudinci.
BI-fol'MlM (-f&Fj^ns), n. The being effulgent; a
flood of light ; gnat brightness ; splendor.
EUlll'gVBt (-Jent), a. [L. effulgens^ -entU; ex -f-
ftiigere to flash, shine.] Diffusing a flood of light ; shUi-
ing; splendid. — Bt-fal'g«llt4y , adv.
Bf-fBM' (-fuaOt a, [L. effundere^ -ftuum^ to pour out ;
ex + /undere to poor.] 1. Spreading
loosely, especially on one side; — said
of plants. 2. Having the lips, or edges,
of the aperture abruptly spreading ; —
said of certain shells. [to issue. I
Bt-taM' (-fus'), V. i. To emanate ; |
Bf-fn'sloa (-fu'shiSn), n. 1. A pour-
ing out, —as of water, of grace, of words,
etc. 2. That which is poured out. 3.
(o) Escape of a fluid out of its natural
vesnet (6) Liquid escaping or exuded.
Ef-fn'gm (-fu'sTv), a. Pouring out ; pouring forth
freely. — Ef-tn'slre-ly, adv. — EI-tn'slYe-llMS, n.
EffuM Branch.
Btt(8ft),ffi. [AS.eref«liaard. Bee Kiwr.] AmiU
European lisard ; a salamander ; a newt.
Bfg (Sg), n. [AS. «y.] 1. The spheroidal body kid
by birds, tortoises, etc., consisting of a yolk, uauallV sur-
rouiL^Tfil hy tlifi ♦» white" — -^*^-"---n, nr.^ iTidn^ed hi a
sh-^-i ivUihr^Df. 2. A -, ■ i i- ■ . . i - 'i-"-. ii.;'vt:li>p.
mucjS tlis youtigot miimalM art- ti'rilitui i oynui , gt?rm call,
Effi. f . t [imp. &. p. p, EOfiVi («gd) . p. pr, & lb. n.
Et^-LNfl] [led. * 172/(1, fr. tpg edga, j Ta iirgfl on.
Hgg QOg^ (-niVs n. A drleik coutaJDiog e|^gi beaten
up nUh .-^uK^r, milk, taid (usual] j) wine or stjiiitfl.
Egg^pUiLt ( plliit), Rr A i^Lint hlUM to ihi tocusio^
beiinii^ D \&r^, edible fruit, ahap^ somfiwbM like an «i^.
Ugaka-Uae {'^nti'tip &r -tin), n. [F. ; fr, OF. aitjffnt
brifi . Ii3p Trfli- .1 {t}} A aperia»{jf rose. (&) Tbtaw^fetbrier,
Subj rLive id^i^lsiL. 2. I^ieuojilve love of fK*li : scrdah'
n«^" - Wg^^t n. - Gf o-Utl«> RiO-li'lto-*!, tj.
E'gO-tiva ( tti^m), Ti. JL. effo -f -iirm tat: -ism^l Ki-
cesstiivfci UHt of tkie sionil /; aelf-pralM.
Sjii. Eoi-kTistM; BELT-PONcriT I VAsmf J Kooun. -
Si ' 1 1 LM overweeiiltig opinion of oo*^ * talent*, ca-
ps ■ < '. iji.nfl.etc-j ^gwrijw in the actiJig out of JT^^/-
eo ■ ii iuiiJortaiHL'*, lu wordri and couduiCt i ^vl^i/M
in>i L,i ^i J liih^i .^rJKtng from tlie Idea fif beijrtg admlr«^
by -rht rs ^ . '^wJ* Ib a statfl in wki{;h the f^^eliiie^ are
COn^^iLt rat. ■ I -m i:nie'a self. Ita eiiiresalrMi itf r^iJijtttt^^
B'gO tlSt ' -Elr.M, fj. [L. H?£?tf 4 ^itt tor -ijft.] One ad-
di« t, " t-. i tr.>tifiiii. - B go^tla'do, C lo-tli'tic-al, it,
E^ifre'glxma i^-^r^'J^fn, «, [h rijrnjiti!.^l\t., oLohq
fnsrii, t)n' Jivrd ; « out -\- ifffr, ^rt-pij, herri. J Bury Mining ;
nl'6. " •
dlHEMit(Uk^1itHl (ill a bmrtetMi^)^ — Z-m^gKtta-ij , odv,
S^greafl ( g'gri!* ), n. {L., It. t^rfTi, -^rcj^uj^ to go utit ;
C" .i/m'/r to ^rj,] A t^oLuKOUti drparturt^.
E'STOt (e'H:r€t), ii, 1. A kiud oJ muall b^n^ti bearing
pluijM<^ f^u tlio baiL'k. 2. A {ilutiie woni aii mi onrnmeut ;
alprrllj?. 3. Flylnjt featkery or bairy crowu of Meda.
li greltiF I ?nTi*i^ u Ti, A plume.
&gyp'tlWl iM ilpMifni), ft. [Gr AiyvwryKfU. Alyu-
iTT^ l'"i:vi'^l E^.-t-tkiinJii'g tu I".!."! [fr, iu AlrioR,-^ rju A
luii I ^ h< ■ ^f " i-c.y pt ; t i K' I- J ' ■ ■ ' j^v . [ ii%iTpr\m. I
£h l.a or d ), iiUerj. Au o x ji/i «>m.oii of iuq uiry or sligh 1 1
Bl'dwr (i'dSr), n. Jof Scand. origin.] A sea duck which
breeds in northern £urope and America, and lines its nest
with fine down (taken from its own bodv) which is an ar-
ticle of commerce ; — called also eider duck.
Bight (at), a. [AS. eahta ; akin to D. & 6. acM, L. oeto,
Or. bitno.] Seven and one. — n. 1. The number next
greater than seven ; eight uniU or objects. 2. Symbol
representing eight unit^ as 8 or viil.
Bii^t'eeil' (i'tinO, a. [AS. eahiatgne, eahkUine.l
Eight and ten. — n. 1. Number next greater than seven-
teen ; eighteen uniU or objects. 2. Symbol denoting
eighteen units, as 18 or xviii.
Blght'eeiltll' (S'tSntbO, a. 1. Next after the seven-
teenth. 2. Consisting of one of eighteen equal parts. —
n. 1. Quotient of a unit divided bv eighteen ; one of
eighteen equal divisions. 2. The eighth after the tenth.
Elglltll ^tth), a. [AS. eahto9a.} 1. Next after the
seventh. 2. Consisting of one of eight equal divisions.
— n. L Quotient of a unit divided by eight ; an eighth
part. 2. Musical interval of an octave. — HgltOl^y, adv.
EUgbt^-etll (a'tT-«th), a. 1. Next after the seventy-
niuth. 2. Consisting of one of eighty equal parts. — n.
Quotient of a unit divided by eighty ; one of eighty parts.
Elf hfy (atV), a. [AS. eahtatig, where 4ig is akin to
Enghsh/«n.] Eight times ten; fourscore. —n. L Sum
of eight times ten ; eighty tmits or objects. 2. Symbol
repreflenting eighty units, as 80 or Ixxx.
£ttll0r (S'thSr or i'thSr), a. Sijpron. [OE. either,
aither, AS. Sg^er, MghwaeSer ; a -\- ge -\- hwmSer
whether.] 1. One of two; the one or the other. 2.
Each of two ; the one and the other ; both. ^-eonj. Ei-
ther precedes two, or more, coordinate words or phrases,
and introduces an alternative. It is correlative to or.
fiffB, raocBt, 6rb» nida, f ^ Hm, ftfbd, f<A>t, out, oil, ehair, so, sins, ink, tt&en, tl&ia.
EJACULATE
190
ELECTROryPY
B-Sao^-lAto (t.Jik^-lit), V. I. [L. ejaeuUtri^ 4ahu ;
e out -j-Jaeulari to throw, fr. Jaculum dntfjacere to
throw. J To throw out (an excUmatiou) ; to utter by a Mid>
den impnlae. — B-Jao'll-UtlOB, n. — B-lliO^-U-tO-rT, a.
B-)eot' {t-jXkt/), V. t. [L. fjicere, -Jectum ; e + jaeere
to throw.1 1. To expel ; to caat forth. 2. To dispoeaeM.
- B-lM^don, B-lMM'BMBt, n. - B-jMIt'OT (S-JSk^Sr), n,
Sjm. — To expel; driTeout; oust; erict; Toid.
Ek» (Sk), V. t. [AS. icon, §ean; akin to IceL auka to
increaae, L. augere.^ To increaae ; to augment ; — uaed
with OK/, meaning to piece out by a laborious or acanty
addition.* adv. In addition ; alao ; likewise. [ObsA
B-UIKO-nitO (t-lib^-rtt)« a. [L. elaborare, -atum, to
work out ; e -|- laborare to labor, toftor labor.] Wrought
with labor or care ; studied, —v. t. \. To produce with
labor. 2. To perfect with labor and study, or by sucoes-
siTo operations.— B-lAb'O-rat^-lT, adv. — B-lab'0-im'-
tlOB, n.— B-UIKo-ni-tlT*, B-Ub'o-ni-to-ry, a.
Syn.— Labored; complicated; studied; perfected.
B-lallM (S-liTn), or &U1ll, n. [Or. ikojuov olive oiL]
Olein, the liquid principle of oils and fats.
BlAlld(8'fand),f». [D., elk.] 1. A large South Afri-
con antelope; the Gape elk. 2. The elk or moose.
B-1i«m' (Cusps'), V. <. [L. Oabi, elaptu*, to glide
away ; e out + 'oM to slide.] To slip away, as time.
B-laS'tlO (-lis'tTk), a, [Or. ikavvtw to drive.]
Springing back ; able to return to a previous condition
after having been bent or twisted. — n. An elastic
woven fabric, made in part of India rubber.
BOM-tlol-ty (-tTs^-tf ), ». Property by which bodies
recover from external pressure or altering force ;
springiness; tendency to rebound.
B-latt' (-lit/), a. [L. d<Uu$ elevated, fig., elated,
proud ; e out 4- latut (used as p. p. oiferre to bear).] I.
Lifted up; elevated. 2. Having the spiriU raiaed by
success or hope ; exultant. — r . t. To exalt the spirit of ;
to flush with success. — B-lA'tton, n.
, Syn. — Puffed up ; lofty : proud ; haughty ; exalted ;
inspirited ; transported ; delighted ; overjoyed.
mOWW (8ia>ft), n. [AS. ^boga elbow ; literally, ann.
bend ; dn ell (orig., forearm) -f- boga a bending.] 1.
Joint of the arm ; outer curve of the bent arm. 2. Angle ;
joint. — f. r & t. To push with the elbow.
Bl'bOW-ldlAir' (-ohftr^), fi. An armchair.
Bl'bow-rooill' (-rS&m'), n. Room to extend the elbows
on each side ; room for action : free scope.
Bd'OT (81'd2r), a. [AS. yldra^ compar. of eald old.]
1. Older ; more aged, or existing longer. 2. Bom be-
fore another; senior; earlier ;— opp. to younger. ^^n.
\. One who Is older ; a senior. 2. One who, from his
age, acts as ruler or Judge ; a person of experience and
dignity. 3. An officer in certain churches.
Bl'dtr, n. [AS. ellen; perh. akin to E. alder. '\ A
shrub having white flowers and black or red berries.
BId'M'-lT, a. Somewhat old ; beyond middle age.
BId'm'-Sllip, n. 1. Seniority. 2. Office of an elder.
Bld'ast, a. [AS. yfdeMy superl. of eald old.] 1.
Oldest ; lonir<>*st in duration. 2. First in origin.
B-lOOt' (t-18ktO, a. [L. eligere, -tectum, to elect ; e
out -f- legere to choose.] 1. Chosen from among two or
more. 2. Chosen as the oMect of mercy or divine favor ;
set apart to eternal life. 3. Chosen to an office, but not
yet inducted into it— n. One chosen or set apart.—
r. t. 1. To i^ck out; to choose. 2. To select for an
office ; to select by vote. — B-l60tlOB OI-lSk'shBn), n,
Syn. — To choose ; prefer ; select. Bee Choosb.
B-l6(Ktl0ll-6«r' C-lSk'shttn-Sr'), r. i. To make interest
for a candidate at an election.
B-lactlTe (-ISk'tTv), a. 1. Exerting power of choice;
selecting. 2. Pertaining to choice, or right of choosing ;
electoral. 3. Dependent on choice ; bestowed by elec-
tion. — B-l00tl¥»-ly, adr.
Blsetivs aAnlty or attraetlsa, chemical tendency to
unite with certain things.
B-tool'ar(t.lSka8r),i». [L., fr. efj^erc.] 1.0m who
elects, or has the right of choice ; ooe entitled to vote
for a candidate for oflloe. 2. In the old Oerman empliv,
one of the princes entitled to choose the emperor. 3.
One of the persons chosen, by popular vote in the United
States, to elect the President and Vioe Prarideot.-
B-lMt'OT-il, a.
B-lMt'or-at* (-tt), n. 1. Territory, jurisdiction, or
dignity of an elector. 2. Body of persons entitled to
vote in an election.
B-tooUlo (-NSk^Tk), 1 a. [L. eleetntm amber, amized
B-lM^trtO-Al, ) metal. Or. ^crpor ; — f rom
the production of electricity by friction of amber.] 1.
Pertainfaig to electricity ; oooaisting of, containing, or
produced by, electricitv. 2. Capable of oeoaaioaing
electric f^nomena. 3. Electrifving: thriUiog; mag-
netic.—n. A nonconductor of electricity, as amber,
glass, resin, etc., employed to excite or accumulate elec-
tricity. ~ B-lMUltHd-Iy , adv, fof electricity. I
EltO-tll'oiaB(-trTsh'an),ii. One versed in the science |
B'lM-tllol-ty (-trTs^-ty), n. 1. A power in nature,
exhibiting itself in lightning, the attraction or repulsion
of certain substances, the producing heat, light, con-
cussion, and often chemical changer, etc 2. Scieaoe ol
the phenomena and laws of electricitv.
B4Mll1-fy (t-UncOrT-fn* r. L "L To oommnnicata
electricity to ; to charge with electricity. 2. To cause
electricity to pass through ; to give an electric shock to.
3. To thriU. — r. i. To become electric.
B-lM'tfO-OkMllls^IT (-trft>k8n.nrs-tiy), n, SdeotM
of the relation of electricity to chemical changes.
B-lMnrote (MSktrSd). %, {Electro- + Or. hioK way.]
Path by which electricity is conveyed into or from a con-
ducting medium ; the ends of the wires leading from the
source of electricity, and terminating fan the medium
traversed by the current.
B-lM^tlO-dy-llAmlm (-trft-dt-nlmnrks), n. 1. Phe-
nomena of electricity in motion. 2. Science of the prop-
erties of electric currents ; dynamical electricity.
El«0-trol'0-gT (t'Uk-trSl^-jj^), n. {EUctro- + -logy.-^
Science of the phenomena and properties of electricity.
El«0-trol'y-«iS (-T-sTs), n. {Eleetro- -f Or. Ai^t« a
dissolving, fr. Avciy to loose.] Chemical deeompositioD,
\XS action of electricity. — B-Wtro-IyTlO (-ITtOTk), a.
B-lMtro-lyat (-ISktrft-lis), r. f. To decompoee by
direct action of electricity.
B-lSO'tnh-lliac'Btt (-mXg'nSt), n. A mass of metal
rendered temporarily magnetic by being placed within a
coil of wire through which a current m. electricity ia
passing. —B-lM'tlO-BUIC-lMt^ o-
B-lM'trOHIiac'Btt-lm (-mig^nSt-Ts*m), ». Msffnet-
ism developed by a current of electricity ; science of the
development of nwgn«tism by voltaic electricity, and of
the properties of tl^ currents evolved.
Elao-trom'e-ter (S'lSk-trSm'MSr), «. [Electro- +
•meter.'] Instrument for measuring the quantity or in-
tensity of electricity ; instrument to indicate the pres-
ence of electricity (usually called an electroscope),
B-lMKtro-motor (-tr^mS'tSr), n. 1. A mover of elee-
tricity ; apparatus for generating a current of electricity.
2. Apparatus for producing motion by electricity.
B-loo'tro-Plkte' (-PlitO, r. t. To plate with a coating
of silver, nickel, gold, etc., by electrolysis.
B-l«olro-MOp« (-skSp), n. {Eleetro- -f- -seopf.] An
instrument for detecting the presence of electricity, or
changes in the electric state of bodies.
B-Wtro-sUrioi (-etitnrks), n. Science of statioal
electricity or electric force in a state of rest
BOM'tro-type (-tip), n. [Electro- -f -type.} A fac-
simile plate niade by electrotypv for use in pnnting ; a
print from such plate. Also used adjectively. —v. t. To
make facsimile plates of by the electrotype process.
B-laoHo-trpiBC (taping), B4to'tro-trF7, ». Tte
producing electrotype plates.
ft, «, 1, 3^ fl, long ; &, «, 1, 6, A, j^, short ; seatte, 3 vent, tdea, 6bey, lUdte, eAre, iinn, AA, bD, Amri.
ELECTRUM
191
ELOPEMENT
B-toOtnOBCt-Kk^rfim);!!. CL.,fr. Or.^irrpor. See
ELicnuc] 1. Amber. 2. An allov of gold and silver,
need by the ancienta. 3. Oemum-efWer plate.
B-toO^ta-A-rr (-ttt-ft-ry ; 40), n. [L. eieeluarium, prob.
fr. Or. CKAeucrAy medicine that !• licked awav, (r. ix out
-f- Aci^cir to lick.] A medicine incorporated with aome
oonaerre or rimp ; a confection.
Bifm BW^-mi-ry (gyt-mSanr-nt-if), a. [Or. cAcii-
pMv^vn^ alma.] 1. relating to charity or almagiTing.
%. Oiren in charity iff alma. X Sup^wrted t^ charUy.
— Ji. One who 4ub«i«|« mi charity ; A tliTen^l^rit*
El'A-SUlM (ij'iil*), I >i. [L. elfgtjTituu f r. cifjntu
Bl'«-f tn-cy I ►TTTi-ajK f ^IrifJUit.] 1. Thu bfrin^ ele-
{(Vit. 3' ThitE w}tkh is tuteful uid highly attrvttve,
J^yn. - KLEai.3scB; Okacil — £'/«i^n><' iiupUu lome-
thinic of .1 Miect ^tyletyt bejuity, umdlv i^nxluced i^yaxt.
■kilJ , or t ratn iiyr. (/n r^- r«f eri. to bod if/ m f^vrnipn I n. lod
&i A l<mer order af beauty* It rusy be a untiiral eifl-
El'^^ant, et. [L. <lnjnn*^ -anifM; skiu to jr^jV^r/r to
ch'ODK. MlcHTt,] i. Verj' choice ; |iU-<uitiK to %mvi lnjile ;
i?lianHit»rlK4 % |r^«^ and reftiif'iiina. 2* Ei^rirciiiiiig a
lii^ choice ; dijcnniUuitlm;. — Bl'V-SIAt-lV, ff'if.
^rn. — Tutoful ; ptiMifriJ ; ^rj»< *'liil : i\*ftiied \ comely.
1. B^lQEigliig toe^egy, or writU^ii in rJi^Kiin - ' ■ e;
ptpfmimg^ 40iT<iw. 2, UmJ if) ^Ic^if A ; ^t- ;ac
dkikh or couplet, et>riiiitiiii];af a diactyti^: \\i- -■ ■ nd
M«tAmet«T< ^ riH Elegiac yt<r;»^. — El e-gi'a-ttai n^'t-
Jt'i^kat >, ti. [wviifT of e^leK^u^ I
Ei'*-|pr (e]'*-Jl3?K *** [''T, tAt-pt fi>oii|^ i>r muuniing.]
A pI'UntiFe potriu ; funerA) imh^^.
IU^9-QWllt (-lomt), n* [L- fi<*»//Ti/«Fi( ] 1- One of
Lbe Jiiiu|ile>^t pairtd or pHniL^ipIijA af wkich luiytLliitz con-
«M4> or upon wjijoh it* po«ena are bawd. 3. One of
the ultipiati'', uiidefrompaiaiblt) eoitBtitutuiU o| auy kind
Of maitar. 3. On*; ni \\w ulthiHte pn^itti coUibiued in
anything; Jiiiupl? |>ortioii af anmetliiug compSMi; ftii. ea-
•eiitfal iftsfTpdiffit *t*r cfliifttitn<»i>t part, 4. i^L The sim-
plMt or tii_iJ-i-u_i*tJLl itiiiiclijiaa of auy tvatein lo philoso-
phy, adonce, or art ; rudimenta. 6. pi. The bread and
wine oaeg in the Lord's supper.
m'd-mfll'Ul (-mSnOal), a. L Pertaining to the ele-
menta, Afat iMrinciplea, and primary Ingredients, or to
the four foppoaed elements of the material world (air,
earth, water, fire). 2. Radimentarv ; elementary.
Vl'% BMBlfc-ry (-tA-if), a. 1. Haring only one prin-
ciple or constituent part; sim|de; uncomponnded. 2.
Rodimental ; introductory. 3. Pertaining to one of the
four elementa, air, water, earth, fire.
Bl^d-VlMBt iWt-tiaA\ n. [Or. iKi^, -oyroc.] A
qoadmped of uidia
and Africa, the
largest exiatiiH land
mammal. It haa a
proboeds or trunk,
and two large iTory
e El'chpluui-tl'a-
■ U (8Ft-fKn-ti'A-
sTs),ii. [Or. <A«^ar-
rui^iv, fr. I\tf0iac.]
A disease of the
akfai, in which it bo-
oomea enormously
thickened and
Elephant (Elephtu Imdiait),
] Like
roof b, like an elephant*8 hide.
BI'e-plUUBtlM(-anaTn),a. [Qt. iKt^ayru^.
an dephant (commonly, in site) ; huge ; heavy.
BF»-Tat* (-Tit), r. t. [L. elevartt "vatum / « + levare
to raise, akin to levU light in weight.] 1. To lift up.
2. To promote. 3. To animate. 4. To exalt : to dignify.
6. To raise to a higher pitch, or greater loudnesa.
8yn. — To exalt ; dignify ; ennoble ; erect ; raise :
hoist ; heighten ; elate ; cheer ; flush : excite ; animate.
B'O-Ta'ttall (n^vi'shlin), n. 1. A raising or being
elevated ; height ; exaltation. 2. Something elevated ;
hilL 3. Distance of a celestial object above ^ horison ;
attitude. 4. A geometrical projection of a building, etc,
on a plane perpendicular to the horizon.
Bl'e-Ta'tor (-va'tSr),'n. [L.] One that raises any-
thing ; as : (a) A c<nitrivance for conveying persons,
goods, etc., to or from different levels, (fr) Muscle
which serves to raise a part of the body, as tlie leg or
the eye.
B-MV'Ml (t-Uv^'n), a. [AS. «n<f<eo/an.] Ten and one.
^ n. 1. Sum of ten and one ; eleven units or objects.
2. Symbol for eleven units, as U or xi. 3. The eleven
men on one side in a game of cricket or football.
B-l«T'Mltll (-*nth), a, 1. Next after the tenth. 2.
Constituting one of cueven equal parts into which a thing
Is divided. 3. Pertaining to the musical interval of the
octaveandfourth. — n. 1. Quotient of a unit divided
by eleven ; one of eleven equal parts. 2. The musical
interval conaisting of ten conjunct degreea.
Elf (Wf), «. ; pi. Klves (rfva). [AS. mlf.ylf.'^ I. A
mischievous fairy. 2. A dwarf. [or urchin. I
EUla (-Tn), a. Relating to elvea. — n. A lltUe elf |
BlMlll, a. Elflike; weird; mischievous.
B-Uolt (S-lTs^t), V. /. [L. aicere, -cUum / « + laeere
to entice.] To draw out ; to bring to light ; to deduce.
B-UAO' (-lida r. /. [L. elidere; e + laedere to hurl
by striking.] To cut off (a vowel or a syllable).
Ell-fl-lllt (Slt-jT-bU), a. [F. ; fr. L. eligere. See
Elect. J 1. That ma. be selected ; proper to be chosen ;
hsgallygualifled. 2. Suitable ; desirable. — Ell-gl-tat-
DMS, m'l-gl4iai-ty, n. -El'l-glbly, adv.
E-Uml-IUItO (t-lTm1-nit), v. t. [L. eliminare^ -natnm ;
e out 4; '<«»«>» threahold. See Ldut.] 1. To expel; to
set at liberty. 2. To cause (an unknown quantity) to dis-
appear from an equation. 3. To disregard. 4. To sep-
arate ; to excrete. — B-llm'1-lUl'tlOII, n.
E-ll'sloa (-ITsh'On), n. [L. elisio, fr. elidere, elitumt
to elide.] An eliding ; suppression of a vowel or syllable,
for meter or euphonv ; in poetry, the dropping of a final
TOwel before an initial vowel following.
II EOlte' (t'lSf ), n. [F., fr. Hire to choose, L. eliffere.
See Elbct.] A choice or select body.
B-Uzlr (t-lTks'Sr), n. [F. & 8p. ; Ar. elik^r the
philosopher's stone.] 1. A compound tincture or medi-
cine. 2. Liquor by which the alchemists professed to cre-
ategold, or prolong life. 3. Refined spirit ; quintessence.
Elk (91k), n. [Icel. elgr.] A kind of large deer.
Ell (<1), n. [AS. e/n ; akin to D. & O. elle, L. ulna
elbow, ell. Or. m\4tni elbow.] An old measure for cloth.
EE-UmW (n-lTpe'), n. [Or. «AA«i^ic.] 1. An oval
figure, hounded by a regular curve. 2. Ellipsis.
Et-Up'giS (•ITp'bTb), n. / pi. Bllifsbs (-sSz). [L., fr. Or.
cAAciwcti' to fall short ; cy in -{- Aeiireiv to leave.] Omis-
sion ; a figure which omits words obviously understood.
Et-Up'BOld (-sold), n. lEUipse -f- -aid.] A solid, all
plane sections of which are ellipsM or circles. — Bl-llp'-
flOld, El'UlHMirdAl, a.
EL-m/tUi (-tTk), ) a. [Or. cAAciirrurdf .] 1. Per-
Bl-liptlo-al (-tT-kal), f taining to, or formed like, an
elllDse. 2. Having a part (of a phrase, etc) omitted.
Q'llp-tlo^-ty (SiaTp-tTs^-tj^), n. DevlaUon of an
elUpee or spheroid from the form of a circle or sphere.
Elm (8Im}, n. [AS. ; akin to D. olrn, O. ulnu^ L.
ii/mtM, and B. alder. Cf. Old.] A shade tree.
El'CMmtlOB (Sl'ft-ku'shtln), fi. [L. elonitio^ fr. eloqui^
-cu/tM, to speak out. See Eloquxnt.] Oratorical deliv-
ery. — BI'o-OQtlon-a-iT, a. — El^CMm'ttni-lit, n.
E-lon'fatO (i-15n'pLt), r. /. [LL. elongare, -palumj to
prolong ; e -}- L. lonmu lon^.] To lengthen ; to stretch
out. — a. Elongated. — Elon-ga'tlOll, n.
E-lopo' (t-lSp'), V. I. [D. on//oop^n to run away ; pref.
ont- (akin toO. «n/-, AS. and-) -j- loopen to run.] To nm
away, or escape (with a lover). — E-lope'meilt, n.
f^m, rec«nt, Orb, ryda, fyll, ftm, food, fo^ot, oat, oil, diair, B^f •^ng, i||k, then, tbin.
ELOQUENCE
192
EMBRACERY
BI'O^VMIM («Kft-kw0iui), n. [F. SeeELOQtTEKT.I 1.
BffeotiTe speech ; command of striking language. 2. That
which Is eloquently uttered or written.
8tii.— Oratory; rhetoric.
El'a-qiMllt C-kweut), a. [F. ; L. doqufu*^ -entity p.
pr. of eioqui to declaim ; e -f- looai to upeak.] filerated
and effectiTe in expression. — Lt'o-qneilMy* adv.
ElM (8b), a, St pron. [AS. elle* otiierwise ; akin to
L. aliuM^ Gr. oAAo? .] Other ; one or something beside.
— adv. & eonj. L Besides ; in addition. 8. OUierwise ;
in the other case ; if the facts were different.
Blae^Whiir*' (-hwftr'), adv. in any other place.
B-ln'ol-dAtO (Mu'sT-dit), V. t. [LL. ducidare, -da-
tum ; 0 + lucidns clear.] To make manifest. - B-la'ol-
Oft'tlon, n. — E-ln'd-da^ttve, a. — E-ln'd-da'tor, n.
frlnito' (-ISd'). V. t. [L. eludere, elitsftm ; « -f ludere
to play.] IV) avoid slyly ; to InfBe. — B-lOdl-lllt, a. ~~
B-lll'8loa (-la'shOn), n. — B-ln'aftT», a.
Syn. — To evade ; avoid ; shun ; mock ; frustrate ; foil.
frln'tO-ry (-IS'sA-rj^), a. Tending to elude or deceive.
VkW (81v% M. Old form of Rlf. [vous ; weird. I
Bt'IsJi (eWTsh), a. Pertaining to elves ; mischie>|
B-ly'tllll (t-lTsh'an), a. Pertaining to Blysium ; ex-
ceedingly delightful ; beatific.
B-l^lllllll (-fim), n. [L., fr. Gr. 'HAvVtov, 'HAvo'uh'
w96io¥t Elyaian field. ] The fabled dwelling place of happy
souls after death ; Paradise.
El'y-tron (n'T-tr5u), ) n. ; pi. Elytra (-tri). [Gr.
El'T-tmSI/C-trfim), f tXtnpov, fr. cAvcty to roll
round.] (a) One of the anterior pair of wings of some
insects, serving to protect the posterior pair. (6) One of
the dorMl scales of certain annelids.
Em (8m), n. Space occupied by the letter m, formerly
a square tvpe, used as a unit to measure printed matter.
B-nui'oUitO (^mi'shT-at), v. i. & t. [L. emaciare^
-atum ; e + ntacer lean.] To make, or become, lean. —
B-iiui'ol-«tlon, n.
Bm'a-lllllt (Sm'A-nont), a. [L. emanans, -anti*. See
Bmahatb.] Emanating ; passing forth into an act.
Bm'a-lUlte (-nSt), v. i. [L. emanarey -natum ; e +
manare to flow.] 1. To issue forth from a source ; to
flow out from. 2. To originate. — Bm'a-liatlflll, n.
8rn. — To flow ; arise ; proceed ; Issue ; originate.
E-BUm'ol-pAtO (l-mSn'sT-pSt), v. t. [L. emancipare^
-patum^ To free from the power of another ; to libei^
ate. — B-num^ol-pa'tor, n. — E-nuui'oi-paaioii, n.
Syn. — Deliverance ; liberation; release; freedom.
S-mu'ca-late (-mSs'kd-lit), v. t. [L. enuutculare;
e -\- masculus male.] 1. To deprive of virile power ; to
castrate. 2. To deprive of spirit ; to render effeminate.
— a. Unmanned; we<Uc.—B-m«S''ca-latloa,n.
Bm-balHI' (8m-biim'), V. t. [F. embaumer; pref. em-
(L. in) -f- bautne bohn.] 1. To anoint with balm ; to
impregnate (a dead body) with aroroatics and drugn, that
it may resist putrefaction. 2. To perfume. 3. To preserve
from oMivf^n ; tn jvpTpctintp. — Em-^Olni'eT. n.
Em-bank'^ i-UiJik'), r, i. [Tr-i. r-, . .'■..■,j..] To
conduit -T iirr j».^ bv A ijAiik.— &m1»&tik'aLent n.
EmbKr ca'tlon [^VaT-kH't^iinn), h. Kminrk-iHon.
l^-baf'KO (-u^ir''if*K), ft. [fip* tr. fttiititftjttr to re-
Vtrniii; prof, tim- {L, in} -i- tnt rrtt }iHf,] A (?ovi"rn mental
[4rT>li1b1fk>u of tht> ^^prLTtuTfl of ftitlpfl fnjTu IL^ |ki>rt8. —
I', i. To nlftiin (*hiT*ft, coifiriiurru, nr n\w>i1h).
Bnt-barll' (-barliL^U v. L sV /, \F. ftnfitirtjitf ,• pref.
€m- (l*. in) -j- bt!r*in€. veuel.J 1. To put or go t>ii a ves-
sel. 2. To engage in a business. — Bm'bar-lca'tlOll, n.
Bm-barfaMI (-bSr'ras), v. t. [F. emharrasser ; pref.
em- (L. in) -f- LL. bnrra bar.] 1. To hinder from free-
dom of thought or action ; to disconcert. 2. To impede ;
to obntnict. 3. To incumber with debt ; to beset with
unrent deman'ln. — Bm-bir'nuw-llient, n.
Syn. — To Embarrass ; Pukzlb ; Pbrplbx ; hinder ; en-
tangle; confuse; disconcert; abash; distress. — We are
p*mhd when our facilities are confused by something we
do not understand. We are perjileied when we know not
how to decide or act. We are embarras*ed when there ii
some bar which impedes power of thought or motion.
Em-lMUKsa-4or (8m-bfa's4-d8r), n. [F. ambassadeur.
See Embassy.] Ambsssador. — Bbl-lMUKsa-do^-il, a.
BmlNUhsy (em'bos-s]^). It. [OF. ambatsie^ LL. am-
baseitita^ fr. amb€uciare^ -bactiare^ to go on a mission.]
1. Public f uucti<Mi of an ambassador ; public message to
a foreign court ; any solemn message. 2. Persons sent
as ambassadors or envoys. 3. Residence of an ambaandor.
Bm-bod' (-bSdO, r. /. iFre(.em-4-bed. Cf. Imbkd.J
To lay as in a bed ; to lay In surronnding matter ; to bed.
Bm-beiaisb (-UniTsh), r. /. [F. embelUr; pref. em-
(L. in) -f- frr/, beau, beautiful.] To make beautiful by
ornaments ; to decorate. — Blll-bel'llsll-meilt, n.
Syn. — To beautify ; decorate ; enrich. See Adobx.
ISnnm (fim'bSr), n. [AS. mmyrie ; cf. lotL eimr
vapor, smoke.] A lighted coal, smoldering amid ashes.
EmnbOTt ft. [AS. ymhrm rWr-n\\\ fr—^'' ---r^vr. - ' ' , -
soiLH- re<:iirrinif in t:i ?. , ..l- : ni the year*
EMb»t diyt. Jjtyii Mr ;ii.:i;t !i r faiiti^g and pr«yer bi
eaf b Hjf ihfj. Umr ^mumji;* ol tiiu j ear ; — vit. ; the Wodues^
da v% Friday, antt Batur^Uy aft ft i^hp first Buud»|^ in Lent,
Wliit^imtidi', Htii>touib^T 14^ And l>eccuiber 33.
Emhit'tln {Ai^t-'il}, r. t. [NfiTui. I'*. frobeA^ff/^ to
dej^ri'V. ] T.i a|i(>roiirlato {f«riixw*rty iiLtniiiifil to one's
can I. - tm-ti^z^wlt-mtnt, n. — BmhtAfwlVj n.
Em blrior t-ldt't^rt, f. ^ To [ml>itt*r,
Em bl^'zon (bli'a*!!), r. i. [Pref, fm, -f- bifjzmt.}
1. Tii .Ii fii< t [ii(<mJdli? b««migs^ 2^ To dwk^ — BOl-
bU'zan «r. n, — EmblAton-lnLC. Bat-bUi'Ma'rTT "^
EmTJlom ( 'h ifm'\,ti [ l j* m fjfm a , -ut is^ itdis-id work,
fr. iir. fjifiAritia tViiiiR put i>ii, f r. tV^t^A^Stii^ to tlirow, p«t
in: If hi ^^ ^aMfuc twthrow.] 1, (.iiii;..^ iiaiiit'Uiiiigorui-
merttii] inserted in a surracct. 2. \'mh\r> wpn of an i'l^ ;
fifri 1 r nt j vc' n^iireanitatlon. — Em blem it'lo ( -it T k ), Bm'-
blem-at'lA air f7. - Em blem uric ol ly, n4f\
Syiu — Siov; Khrtfiu ; SvMf...i , IM'*; device; *ic^
nal L uikfn. - /H^jtt m tin- ^^ k. ri^^ .viri f oiiitxmheiidLiiR
all ^ti^iiiflrniit rf^pri^M.'iit-.itL'.'itfir An t'sabl^m Is a vifiblr
ob'i-^'t rcj^rrsi'ittitic aiWlafr bjT aii^^r^lum of ehanvtfr-
isti.. ,|1i.UiTm -, iHF ri"* ii|7»Lj(E<d fuuM^intion. There is little
di^'l I ii'l n tn Jn'tvl H'H fm hfr m mui irfimlMtiy A t^ff^ is B rP'p-
re<riLt.4i^<' |'X:lTll^t4^ or ijiivlcln pjthibiClng thu qiiaJlitiei
COinrij'iiL tr> nil imfiv'JcrujilA of tlit^ cIvm^
Em Metn'fl-tlzft y ^^\^m \ 'A X\t\ r. r. To i^yniboli le.
Um-bod'y i-^riyi i. ■ ' x i.. t^' fiTm jntij ji IwkIj;
to loUbcL into a lauiu.J. luoci^ *ji s. whole ; to incorpor-
ate; to coalesce. [Written also tm^oc/y.] — Bm-bMll-
ment, n. [encourage.!
Bm-bOld'm (-bold'^n). v. t. To «ive boldness to ; to)
It BmlMMl'pQillt' (iiN'bdN'pwSN'), n. [F., fr. en b<m
point in good condition.] Plumpness of perstm.
Bm-bW'om (em-bd6z'am), r. /. [Written also im-
bosom.'] To tike into the bosom ; to cherish.
Bm-bOM' (-bfis'), r. t. [Pref. eni- (U in) -f boss."]
To ornament with bosses. — Bm-bOM'ineBt, n.
II Bm^bon'ClllUW' (to'boo'shur'), A. [F. ; pref. em-
(L. in) -f- bouehe mouth.] 1. Mouth of a river or of a
cannon. 2. Mouthpiece of a wind instrument.
Bm-bOW'el (5m-bou^), r. t. limp. & p. p. Embow-
BLBD (-8 Id) or Embowbllbo ; p. pr. & vb. n. iEmbowbi.-
iNo or Embowbluno.] 1. To disembowel (which is the
prefomblo word in this sense). 2. To imbed ; to bury.
Bm-bOW'er (-Sr), v. t. & i. To lodge in a bower.
Em-braoe' (-bras'), v. t. [OF. embmeier; pref. ei»-
(L. in) -f- F. bras arm. ] 1. To clasp in tlie arms ; to hug.
2. To cberi»h ; to love. 3. To welcome. 4. To encircle ;
to incloee. 5. To comprehend ; to take in. 6. To accept ;
to submit to. 7. To try to influence corruptly (a jury or
court), ^v.i. To join in an embrace. — n. Cloee encir-
cling with the ar hh ; clasp ; hug. — Bm-bnUM'taMBt, n.
Syn. — To cl^p ; hue ; inclose ; encompass ; include ;
comprise; comprehend: contain; involve; imply.
Bm-bra'oer-y (-bra'^r-j^), n. An attempt to corrupt
(a court, jury, etc.) by entreaties, money, threats, etc.
S, S, 1, 3, a, long ; ft, d, 1, 5, a, y, short ; sraftte, dvent, tdea, 6bey, Unite, oAre, ftrm, &ak, {^1, fiBol.
EMBRASURE
193
EMPLOY
n. [F., fr. mitbrater
iil
J («ui.bri'«h«r ; 40), a. [F., f r. $mbrater
to widen an opeijing.] Aperture for
pointing cannon through a wall or
parapet.
Ba^tetti (Smnwe-ut), V. t
[NL. em^rooortf, •otfttaft.] Torub(a
aieeaeed gut^ with a liquid aob-
MiftroiMfm. See BioioB.] To or'junent with needle-
work. — Bm-bnUL'tt-n, n. — Bm-lnrolfl'OT-y, n.
Bai4Mrill' (-broUO, «• /• [F. embrouiUer; pref. em-
(U in) + brouUler to disorder.] 1. To throw into con-
fnalon bj oontenUon or diacord ; to involve tn dittoultiea
bj atrito. 2. To complicaU. — Em-hnUfmnt, n,
l^m* — To perplex ; disorder ; trouble ; implicate.
BMlBf-O (Sm'brT-^), n. [Or. cM^pvor, perh. fr. iw in
-)- fipvtw to awdl with ; perh. akin to S. 6r«v.] Rudi-
menta of an ornniam ; aa : (a) Young of an auimal in
the womb, (b) Oerm of a plant, inclosed in ttie seed and
dareloped by germination. «> a. Part, to an embryo;
mdioMntary; undeveloped.
BB'tey-^O-gF (-81'B-jj^). n. [Or. tfififntop -f- •logy.'}
Seienoe of the formation and development of embryoa.
B-BUMP^ (t-mirO, n. Emir.
n mtmU'ft minfi*) V. /. [L. emendare ; e out -f- menda
blemiah.] To purge of faults ; to correct. — Bm'oa-dA'*
tlM («m'in^4h&n or S^mSn-), n. — Em'tn-da'ter, n.
[L.] — B-atBd'ArtO-ry (t.mXnd'4.t«-rj^), a.
Syiu — To improve ; better ; rectify. Bee AiiniD.
Bni'ar-Ald (Sm'Sr-old), n. [OF- eameraude^ esmeralde^
Lb twutragdHt^ Or. o|uiipay&>«.] 1- A precious stone of
rich green colmr, a variety of beryl. 2. A type, in siae
between minion and nonpu^il. -» a. Of a rich green color.
tW Thla line is printed in the type called emerald,
B-mtrgt' (t-mSrJ'), r. t. [L. emergere^ emertum ; e out
4- mergere to ^unge.l To rise out of a fluid ; to issue
and appear. — B-Bitr^«nM (-mir^jens), n.
r^fftn-er (-mSr'Jeo-s^), n. 1. Sudden appear
nforeaeen occurrence. 2. A pr
is ; conjuncture; pinch ; i
t(-jenn,a. 1. Rising out
ers. 2. Suddenly appeariuff
I B-flMTl-tni (-mir^-tlis), a. [L., having served out
anee ; unforeaeen occurrence. 2. A pressing necessity.
" '^ ' is; conjuncture; pinch; strait; necessity.
_ i (-jenO, a. 1. Rising out of a fluid or iiny-
tbin^ that covera. 2. Suddenly appearing ; urgent.
Srn*— Criaii
HMr'fVBt
uu time. p. p. of emerere; e out -f- merere to serve.]
Honorary discharged on account of age, faithful service,
etc «>fi. A veteran who has lionorably completed service.
f^mm'wiaa (•mSr'shfin), n. [F. See Emsbsi.] 1.
An emerging or rising out of anything. 2. Raappear-
anoa of a heavenly body after an eclipse or occultation.
Ban'OT-y (»m'»r-y), a. [F. imeri. It. smeriglio, fr. Or.
o|Aip«ff, cf . WHMf to wipe.] Corundum in graina or powder,
used for griiMiing and p<uishing hard substanoes.
B ttit (S-mStTk), a. [Or. cM«ruc5«, fr. i/Accf to
vomit.] Inducing to vomit.— n. Medicine wtiich causes
vomiting. [tumult; outbreak.!
H Wmm^ ipvAt/ or t-mut'), n. [F.] A seditious|
BBl-graBt (SmT-grrrnt), a. [L. emigran*^ -anti*, p.
pr. of ewUgrare, See Bmiorats.1 1. Bmigrating. 2.
Pntalning to an emigrant; used for emigrants. — n.
One who emigratea.
Stii. — Emiobaht ; IiunatAHT. — Emigrant and emi-
gnUitm refer to the country from which migration is
made ; the correlative words immigrant and immigration
refer to the country into which migration ia made.
Bml-gratt (-grSt), v. i. [L. emigmre^ -grntnm^ to
emigrate ; e out -(- migrare to migrate.] To remove
from one country to another. — Eml-cza^tioa, n.
Bml-IBiBM (-nms), Bml-IMll-oy, n. 1. That which
Is eminent or lofty ; height. 2. High station in rank,
<^Boe, or celebrity ; distinction ; preferment. 3. A title
for a Roman Catliolio cardiuaL
Bml-IIMIt (-nent), a. [L. eminent, -entui^ p. pr. of
em40»ere to stand out ; e -f- minere (in comp.) to project.]
1. High; lofty. 2. Being above othera by btrth, itotien,
merit, talent, or virtue. — BaH-BMlMy, adv.
Syn. — Lofty ; exalted ; conafricuous ; prominent ;
famoua ; renowned ; well-known. See DismoDiaKao.
B'llllr (B'mir or l-mSr'), frmMff' (^mir^), n, [Ar.
ernCr, amir, commander. See AuB.] Arabian chiaC
tain or ruler of a province ; title of deeoendanta of Mo-
liammed ; among the Turka, a title of high ottdala.
Bm'Uhga-ry (Imla-st-rjM, n. [L. emistarku^ f r. tmit"
tere, emissum, to aend out.] An agent employed to ad-
vance the intereats of hla employers. — o. Exploring
Syn* — Emxssakt ; Bpt. — A spy enters an enemy*a ter-
ritory to learn the condition of the enemy ; an emisMorg
, amiointed either to detect ache
or to influence their oouncUa.
niay be a secret agent amiointed either to detect achemaa
of an oppoaing paity. or to influence their oouncUa.
B-mlf'glOII (i-mlah'an), n. [Fr. emit.} 1. An emlt-
ting. 2. That wiiich ia aent out at one time ; issue.
a-VBdt' (t-mlf)* V* t' [L. emitlere to send out ; e out -f-
mittere to send.] 1. To send forth ; to throw or give out ;
to give vent to ; to elect. 2. To issue (an order or decree,
alao notes or bills of creditj. — B-ubl'llVt (-mls^sTv), a.
(Sm'mSt), n. [AS. mmete.} An ant.
B-moiai-ate (t-mmiT-it ; 26), v. L [See Bw>LLiBrr.]
To Boften ; to render effeminate.
B^BOlllMIt («-m51'yeut or -Xl-eat \ 26), a. [L. emoU
lien*, -enti*. p. pr. of emoUire ; e out -^ tnoUire to aof ten.
ino//<« aoft. J Softening; making supple. -> n. External
iHPPlioation to allay irritation, aoreneas, etc.
B-mid'll-mtllt (-A-memt), n, [L. emo(um«n/t«m, lit.,
a worldng out, fr. e + molvri to set in motion, f r. mole*
a mass. See Molb mound.] Profit ariaing from oflk}e,
employment, or labor ; gain ; compenaation.
B-moHon (-mS^shtin), n. [L. emorere, emotum; e -f-
movere to move.] A moving of tlie mind or souL
Syn* — Emotion; FisLxiro; AorrATiow: tremor; trep-
idatiim ; perturbation ; paasion ; excitement. — reeling
may be of the body or the mind. Emotion is of the mind
alone, being the excited action of some invnu^ suscepti-
bilitv or feeling. Agitation may be bodily or mental, and
uaually ariaea m the latter case from a struggle between
contending emotiona. See Passiom.
B-mo^tton-al (-al), a. Pert, to, or marked by, emo-
tion ; exclUble ; aensational. — B-llloHoil-«l-lim, n.
Bm-pale' (Sm-pilO, v. t. [OF. empaler to pilisade,
pierce ; pref. em- (h. in) + pal pale, stakej [Written
also impale.) 1. To fence with stakes. 2. To aurroimd.
3. To put to death by thrusting a sharpened atake
through the body. — Bm-pAlt'lllAllt, n.
Bmrper-or (8m'pSr4[r), n. [F. empereur, L. impero'
tor, fr. imperare to command ; ^ in -f parare to pre-
pare, order.] Sovereign of an eropin*.
Bm'plUI-gig (-f A-sTs), n. [Or. ifi^amt, fr. ifj^airttp
to indicate ; ^ hi -|- ^rtw to show.1 1. Stress or
force of voice, given to important words. 2. Peculiar
impressiveness of expression or weight of thought.
Bm'plul-gllO (-siz), V. t. To make emphatic.
Bm-pllAtlO (-fStTk), ) a. [Or. ^/ii^aruc^.] 1. Vt-
Bm-pliatlO-tl (-T-kff 1), f tered with emphasis;
strong. 2. Striking the sense.— Bm-phatlO-Al-ly, atfv.
Syn. — Forcible ; earnest ; impresdve ; significant.
Bm'plrt (firo'pir), n. [F., fr. L. tfrnpt^wm command,
dominion, empire, fr. imperare to command.] 1. Su-
preme power ; aovereignty ; dominion. 2. The dominion
of an emperor. 3. Supreme control ; rule ; away.
Syn. — Rnign ; government ; realm ; state.
Bm-pir'lo GpYrnk), n. [L. empirieu* an empiric. Or.
ifivttpi*6% experienced ; ji' in + ircrpa experiment.] 1.
One who follows an empirical method, or reliea upon
practical experience. 2. One who conflnea himself to
applying the results of his own observation ; in medicine,
a quark ; charlatan. — Bm-plrlo, Bm-pll'lfHd, a. —
Em-plr^o-al-ly, adv. —Bm-vta^<iMm, n.
Em-ploy' (-ploiO, v. tTir. employer, fr. L. imvU-
core to implicate ; in + plieare to fol «.] To use ; to ex-
ercise. — >n. Empbyment. — Em-pl07't^, n.
Syn. —To busy ; apply ; occupy ; engige. See Vou
fim, recent, 6rb, ryde, f^ Om, food, fo~ot, out, oil, chair, go, silts, iQk, thvS, thia.
13
EMPLOY^
194
ENCOMPASSMENT
R Bm'plOy'^' (Sm'plol^ ; F. to'plwA/yt'). **• [F., p.
p. of employer.'] An employee. [otiier. I
Bofploy-M' (Sm'ploi-eOt a- One employed by an-|
BahplflJ^nMOtt n. 1. An employing or being em-
ployed. 2. ThM which engages time or attention.
£(jn. — Work ; budneaB ; occupation ; vocation ; call-
ios ; olBce : aerrice ; commiasion ; trade : prof eaaion.
^BBH-pOli-lim (•pO'rMim), n. [L., fr. Or. iiiir6fMf»^ it,
ilunptK trader ; cy in -)- vdpof pi^h.] A place of trade ;
market place ; commercial center of a country.
^B-POW'OT (-pou^r), V. t. To give authority to.
Btt'praM (fim'prfia), n. [OF. empereuy fr. L. imperor
iriXy fern, of imperaior. See Empibob.] 1. The con-
tort of an emperor. 8. A female sovereign.
~ (im-priaOi ». [OF. ; pref. em- (L. in) -\-
/»refM/re to take, h. prendereA Enterprise; adventure.
Bms^ (Smf/tV), a. [Compar, Emptikr (-tl-ir) ;
tuperf. ExPTiBT.T [AS. enUig^ asmtig^ fr. aemta quiet,
rest.1 1. C<mtaiiiing nothins; void; not filled. 2.
Destftute of effect or sense. 3. Unable to satisfy ; hol-
low ; Tain. 4. Producing nothing. 6. Unsubstantial.
^v.U&i. To make or become void. — Emptl-IMM, n.
Syn. — See Vacamt.
BBpty-lnCi n. 1. A making empty. 2. pi. Lees of
beer, dder, etc. ; yeast. [U. 8 A
BB-wrr'e-Al (8m-pTrt-al or em'pT-rS'al), a. [Or. ifu-
wiptot flery; ^ -f- vvp fire.] Formed of pure fire or
light ; refined beyond Herial substance. — n. Empjrrean.
BBk'vy-T^Ut (Sm'pT-rS'au), n. The highest heaven,
where the pure element of fire was anciently supposed to
■ubsist.^a. Empyreal.
E'mn (e'mu), n. [Pg. ema ostrich, F. imou^ hnue^
emu.] A Urge Australian
bird, related to the casso-
waxy and ostrich, which runs
yenr swiftly, but cannot fly.
[Written also etneu and
emeuf.']
Bn^l-lfttt (8m^-Iit), V. L
[L. aemularif -latni^ fr,
aemulu* emulous.] To strive
to equal or excel ; to vie
with; to rival. ~Blll'1^U'-
tfon, n.— Bm^-la-tlTt, a.
Syn. — EifULATioif ; Com-
nrmov ; Rivalrt : oon^
teat; contention: strife.
CompeiUion Is the strutrgle
of two or more persons for
the same object. Emvlntion
Is an ardent desire for supe-
riority, srisinff from compe-
tition. Rivalrti is a personal
contest, and, almost of
ooursn, has a selfish object
and gives rise to envy.
B-nml'geiit (*-rofil'J«nit). «. ^ ^ . , ^ ^
emulgere; e out + mulgere to milk.] P»^rt%ining to the
kidnevs ; r<»n%l. — n. A renM artery rr v»»ln.
Blll^-l0IUl(<m'd-lfis), a. [h.aemuiiut. See Emulatb.]
1. Ambitiously desirous to equal or <>xcel another. 2.
Yjring with ; contentious ; envious. — Bm'll-lOIU-ly, f^dv.
B-mill'sion (t-mfil'shfin), n. [SeeBMULosirr.] A liq-
uid preparation of the color and consistency of milk.
B-lltal'aftT»(-«Tv),a. 1. Softening ; milklike. 2. Yield-
ing oil by expression. 3. Producing a milklike substance.
B-mimo'tO-iy (-m^-^k'ti-ry), n. [L. emunctorium
pair of snuffers, fr. emungere^ emunctnmt to cleanse.]
Any bodily ortran serving to carry off waste matter.
En-aide (8n-i'b'l), r. t. To make able (to do, or to be,
something) ; to empower ; to qualify.
Bn-ftOf (-SktO« f • (• 1* To decrftp ; to make into a law.
2. To act the part of : to play. — En-act'or, n.
Bn-MftaMBt, n. 1. An enacting, or passing a bill into
a law. 2. A law ; decree ; statute.
Inniiim). with young.
[L. emulgen*^ p. pr. of
II B-IUdOa-Ct («-niin4j«), n. [Or. craAAayiy ; w tn
-f oAAao-ffctv to change.] Substitution (oi one part of
speech, geader, number, case, person, tense, mode, or
voice, of tlie same word) for another.
En-am'el (6n-ftmn{l), n. l. a kind of glass for ooaUng
metallic or ceramic surfaces. 2. The intensely hard cal-
cified tissue covering the exposed parts of teeth, ^v. t.
{imp. & p. p. Emamklbd (-^Id) or Emaiuixsd ; p.pr. &
vh. n. Euamsliho or EHAMZLUKa.] 1. To lay enamel
upon ; to decorate with enamel. 2. To form a glossy
surface upon.— o. Relating to the art of enameling.
— Bn-am'el-er, En-am'el-lit, n, [Written also enam-
eller, enamellist .]
En-am'or (-8r), v. t. [OF. enamourer; pref. ew- (L.
tn) + amour love, L. amor.] To inflame with love;
to captivate. [Written also enamour.]
En-Cftfe' i-T^iy), V. t. To confine in a cage ; to coop up.
En-oamp' (•kimp'), v. i,&t. To form, or form into,
a camp ; to lodge in temporary quarters.
En-€amp'talCllt, n. 1. An encamping. 2. A camp.
En-oansHo (-kfis^Tk), a. [Or. fy«av9Tuc^, fr. i^
in -(- Kou'ciy to bum.] Burned in. — >n. A mode of
painting in heated wax, or by use of heat to fix colors.
il En'oelllte' (iiH'sftstQ. n. [F.. fr. enceindre to sur-
round, L. incingere; in (intens.) -f cingere to gird]. 1.
Line of works inclodng a fortress. 2. Area inclosed.
II En'oelllte', a. [F., fr. L. in not -f cingere^ cinetum.
to gird.] Pregnant: with child. [oephaloa or brain, f
En'oe-VhallO («n'e«f ilTk), a. Pertaining to the en-
Bn-oe^lPa-loii (-6»'A.l6n), Bn-oenh'a-los (-ISs), n,
[Or. iXKi6aXo% ; ci' in + xc^oAi) head.] The brain.
Bn-oepil'a-lOIUI (-Ifis), a. Having a head ; — aaid of
most Mollusca ; —opposed to acephalou*.
En-clialll' (-chin'), V' t' [F. enekainer ; pref. ew-
(L. tn) -|- chaine chain.] 1. To bind with a chain ; to
bold in chains. 2. To confine. 3. To connect.
En-Oliailt' (-chAnf ), t>. /. [F. enchanter, L. ineantare
to chant a magic formula over one, to bewitch ; tn -f- can-
tare to sing. See Imcantatiok.] L To charm by sor-
cerj- ; to art 0" hv iiitidf. 2. To delight highly ; to
chann. - En cltBiit'eT, » — En-o]iant'r«Hi, n./.
g;irii. - To rhiinu ; bt^wtt^h ; fascinate. Cf. Chaem.
Ilil-clliJit'Ment*, Jt. 1. An enchanting; production
of \(ouit#rfi]l eltv'iL^tA by HJd of demons or spirits. 2. A
beijTif (TkrliiiivtnHl. 3. TlK*t. which captivates.
Syii.- liii-fnifcitio« ; iH-cromancy ; msj^c; sorcery;
wlihJirmH ; AIM- 1 1 ; Huiriii . fascination; witchery.
Ea-cbo^rlal i -Xu'i T-^ri i. ) a. [Or. f^wpuK domestic,
Bo-clior'lc f k^r'TkTi, J native; iv -\- x*^pa place.]
B<H4'i.t;iiiU y'- ■'■ i"ii»itr> .. siitive; popidar ; — said esp. ox
wrUunL L ijLii.iL urt. pr^p:>}jrly used in ancient Egjrpt, dia-
ting. fr. hieroglyphics.
II En'Chy-ma (fin^T-m4), n. [Or. iyxyfia aninfuidon ;
iv + X'^*' ^ pour.T The primitive formative Juice, from
which tissues are formed. [to surround. I
En-dr'Glt (Sn-eSr^*!' s. t. To form a circle about ;|
Syn. — To enrompasa surround ; environ : inclose.
Z&l-Olitio (-klTtmO, a. [Or. iyKXtriKOi, fr. ip in -(-
KXtvtiv to bend.] Affixed ; subjoined ; — said of a word
or particle which leans back upon the preceding word so
ss to become a part of it. — n. A word joined to another
no closely as to lose its proper accent, as the pronoun
thee, \n prithee (pray thee). — Bn-cllt'lo-al, a.
En-dose' (-kl5«'), v. t. [F. enclo*, p. p. of endore ; «•-
(L. in) 4- rlore to clone.! To inclose. — Bn-ClCrara, n,
En-co'nil-ast (-kS'nii-Kst), n. [Or. ^cMuaorik, fr.
iyKutfiiov encomium.] Onn who praises ; a panegynat. —
Bn-00'mi-astlo, Bn-oo^mi-aaflc-al, a.
Bn-OO^ml-nm (-fimV n. [NL., fr. Or. tyKtatiutp (a
song) chanted in praise of Bacchus ; ci' in 4- KMiiot a
revRl.] Warm or high praise ; panegyric
Syn.— See Eolooy.
rai-Oom'iMUM (-kCim'iVTH), V. /. To go round so as to
surround ; to encircle. — Bn-OOin'paaa-ment. n.
Syn. — To surround ; invest ; hem in ; shut up.
E, 8. 1, ?J, a, long ; ft, e, I, 5, II, t, short ; senate, «ven^ tdea, 6bey, finite, cAre, ftrm, Aak, tn, flooL
ENCORE
195
ENERVATION
Bll'OOn' (XirlcArO, adv. or inierf. [F.] Once more ;
■gain ; — A cull for a repetition of a part of a play, concert,
etc. — A. A call (as, by continued applause) for a repeti-
tion. — V. t. To call a ret>etition or reappearance of.
Ba-OOOnter (Sn-koun'tSr), r. t. [OF. encorUrer ;
pref. en- (L. in) + centre agadnat, L. contra. See Cocv-
TBE, adv.']^ To come against face to face ; to confront ;
to engage in conflict with ; to oppose, ^v. i. To meet ;
to enf^age in combat. -» n. LA meeting face to face ; a
running against ; an intenriew. 2. A hostile meeting.
Srn. — Conflict ; fight ; combat ; onset. Bee Comtbst.
Qt-OOOr'agt (-kAr^J ; 2), v. t. [F. eneourager ; pref.
en- (L. in) -f- courage courage.] To inspire with cour-
age or horn ; to help forMrard ; — opp. of discourage .
8yn. —To embolden ; inspirit ; animate ; incite ; cheer ;
stimulate; instigate; promote; strengthen.
BnHMmr'aM-meilt »• 1- An encouraging; incite-
ment to action or to practice. 2. That which incites,
supports, or adrances ; increase of confidence.
ai-fMNlT'a-glng (-ft-jTng), a. Furnishing ground to
hope ; inspiritinff ; favoring. — Bn-ooiir^a-nilV-lyt adv.
JOI-croilOll' (-krSch'), V. i. [OF. eneroenier to perch,
fasten to a hook ; pref. en- (L. in) -f- F. croc hook.] To
enter gradually into another's rights ; to trespass.
8yn.— To intrude; trench; imringe; invaae.
Ea-onMUdi'meilt, n. 1. An encroaching; unlawful
intrusion. 2. Thing taken by encroaching on another.
Ba-OUBl'btr (-kihn'bSr), v. t. [F. encombrer; pref.
en- (L. in} + OF. eombrer to hinder.] [Written also
inetimber.] 1. To impede the motion or action of; to
obstruct or embarrass. 2. To load with debts, etc.
Stii. — Toload; clog; embarrass; perplex; block.
Ba-OlUlinteailoe (-brana)« n. That which encumbers.
Srn. — Burden ; clog ; impediment ; check ; hindrance.
Ba-cyo'llO (-sTk'lTk), I a. [Or. cyjcvicAtoc of a circle,
Bn-eFO'li-oal (-IT-kal), l general ; cf hi -j- m/xAof cir-
cle.] Sent to many persons or places ; general ; circular.
^ n. An encyclical letter, esp. one from a pope.
Bll-0F'0l0-p»'di-A I (8n-si'^kl6-pS'dT-A), n. [NL., fr.
En-OF'OlO-pB'dl-a I Or. rv«v«Aoirai^«ia, toriyitvitkuK
roidcio, instruction in the circle of arts and sciences. See
CYCLoreoiA, and Bmctcucal.] The circle of arts and
sciences ; a work in which the various branches of science
or art are discussed ; a cyclopedia. — Bll-oy^olO-pCHdi'a-
oal (-di'A-kai), -pe'dl-an, -pedio (-pSd'Tk), -padio-al, a.
Bn-eyaf (-sTsf )t v. t. To inclose in a cyst.
Bn-eyat'mailti n. 1. A process which, among some
of the lower ^mm^ k g gt
forms of life, ^^^«^«^^ * *^
precedes repro-
duction by bud-
ding, fission, 8uoeeuiT« Stages of Eneyntment of sn Inf u-
spore forma- ■oriAn. n Nucleu* } o Food Yacuols { v
tion,etc. 2. A Contractile Vacuole.
process by which internal parasites become inclosed with-
in a cyst in the musclos, liver, etc.
Bod (Sndy, A. [AS. : akin to O. ende.1 1. The ex-
treme or last point ; dose ; limit ; — opp. to beginning.
2. Conclusion ; result ; consequence. 3. Termination of
being ; death. 4. Object aimed at in any effort ; purpose.
6._That which is left ; remnant — v. /. & t. To finish.
"*ll'ftr (»n-din'j«r), r. /. To bring into danger.
itar (-d8rO» V. t. To make dear or beloved. —
BlI-doaT'or (-dfiv'Sr), v, t&i, [OE. endevor; pref.
en- 4- dever, devoir, duty, F. devoir."] [Written also en-
deavour."] To strive to achieve or reach ; to try.
Syn.— To attempt; try; strive; essay; aim; seek.
— >ii. An attempt; effort; trial.
Syn. — Essay ; trial ; effort ; exertion. See Attempt.
Bn-dac'a-SOIl (8n-d8k'i^gBn), n. A hendecagon, or
plane figure of eleven sides and angles.
En-damlO MSmTk), a. [Or. ivli^tuK ; iv + ^M<k
the people.] Peculiar to a district, locality, or class of
persons. -• n. An endemic disease. — En-dsmlo-alt a.
Bndlas (Snd^ng), n. 1. Tennination ; result ; ooo-
clusionTdeath. 2. Final pliable or letter of a word.
Bn'dlve («n'dTv}, n. [F. ; fr. L. intibue.] A com-
posite herb, whose leaves are used for salad.
BndleM (SndOfis), a. 1. Without end ; having uo
conclusion ; perpetual. 2. Infinite ; excessive ; unlim-
ited. 3. Void of design ; obiectiess. — BlldlaM-ly , adv.
8yn. — Eternal ; everlasting : hitermhiable ; infinite ;
incessant ; perpetual ; continual ; imperishable.
Bndlnoat' (-mSst^), a. Farthest ; remotest.
tl Bli'dO-oar'dl-lim (Sn'dft-kiir'dT-fim), n. [NL., fr.
Or. ivlov within + KopiCa heart.] ,
Membrane lining the cavities of the
heart
BB'dfr«arp (Sn'dft-kKrp}, n.
[Endo- -j- Or. xaping fruit] Inner
layer of a ripenea or fructified ovary.
Bn'dO-derm (-dSrm), n. [Endo-
iOr. H^pfML skin. ] Inner layer of the
in or integument
Section of s Plum.
. . Putsmen i tt
Seed, or KemcL
'ih.
n), n. [Endo-
4- -gen."\ Plant whibh increases by ^ fc,.^^„ «. ^..-.,
internal growth and elongation at the " ,^lJT7fe.4<iS2S
summit, not forming annual layers, and or flnhy parti o
with no distinct pith. The endogena Endomrp, Stone,
include all palms, true lilies, grasses,
rushes, orchids, the banana, pine-
apple, etc — En-dOf'O-llOllS (8n-d5Jt-niLi), a.
Bn-done' (-ddrsQ, v. t. IF. endouer; pref.
tn) -{- ffos back, L. dorsum.] To indorse.
En-doW (-douO, V. t. [OF. endouer; pref. en- (L. f»)
+ F. douer to endow, L. dotare.] L To furnish miOx
dower ; to settle an income upon. 2. To enrich.
En-dOW'taMllt. n. 1. An endowing ; a bestowing a
prorision for support 2. Property, fund, or revenue
appropriated to any object 3. That which is bestowed
upon the person or mind ; talents.
Bn-dlM' (-du'), V. t. [L. induere, prob. confused with
E. endow. See Indus.] To invest
Bn-dnr'a-ble (-dur'i^bM), a. Capable of being endured.
Bn-dnr'ailOO, n. 1. A lasting ; duration ; continuance.
2. A bearing or suffering ; patience.
Sjn. — Suffering ; patience ; fortitude ; resignation.
UH-dlUW' (-durOt V. i. [F. endurer; pref. en- (L. ^n)
-f- durer to last] 1. To continue in the same state with-
out perishing ; to last ; to remain. 2. To renudn firm,
as under trial or suffering ; to bear up ; to hold out. —
v.t. 1. To mfftort without brsalcing or yielding. 2. To
btur Willi pFii ifncf* ; hT [lut up whh; 10 tolerate.
Sj^n* - Tr> lufll : rontinne ; bi-ar ; brook ; submit to.
End' way* (Jsud'wii'}, * ndv. l. On end ; upright
Ena wIm fPrvd'wiJi), { 2. With the end forward.
En 'c IDA (^ii'^-D]& fir t Ti^^iJiA). ft. r pi. L. Ehuata
(#- 1 1 ?: i] i^A-t 11 J. [Of. hrp-ik ; it^ + l4vai to send.l Injection
thrown \nUi the: rectuin as mi^dlciDf^ or nourisnment
Bn'«-m7 (Sn'i^-my), w. [OF, ffl^^i^, fr. L. inimiewt ;
in- in i-^KVi tuf) 4- fnn imjt THh nd. ] Oii^ hostile to another.
S\'n. h'<v-: nitinmaiunt % op\Knwint. Bee Advbisabt.
EnsT-gol'tc (^if'^rjJ'tlJt}, I IK f Gr. «r«p7irn«kt fr.
Ea eir i«no^ {-T kal), f i«p7«trtowork.] Hav-
inif I'TirrjfV ; nrtini^,
Syii, rnT-HhMi iKit^nt: efrecti¥e5 strenuous.
En'er (^i'le n^ii^rnji. r i. Ta n.t vigorously. ->«.!.
To Kive :_...v, i..,-.
Bn'ar-iry (-jj^), n. [Or. Wpyeia, fr. ivwfrfAs active ;
iv in -f- ipyov work.] 1. Internal or inherent power;
capacity of acting, operating, or producing an effect 2.
Power efficiently exerted. 3. Strength of expression ;
force of utterance ; spirit 4. Capacity to perform work.
8yn.— Force; vigor; spirit: efficiency; resolution.
E-ner^rate (S-nSr'vat or Sn'Sr-vat), r. t. [L enervare,
-vatum^ fr. enervis weak ; e out -f- nervue nerve.] To de-
prive of nerve, force, strength, or courage, —a. Weidc-
ennd ; without force. — Bll'er-Vatlon, n.
Syn. — To weaken ; enfeeble ; unnerve ; debilitate.
ftm» feoesi, drb| n|de, f yll, ftra, ftfM, f<rot, out, oU, duOr, go, slag, ink, tfaw, ttiiBi
ENFEEBLE
196
ENNEAGON
BB-fMOd* (SD-fSn>*l). tr. t To make fMbto ; to WMkfln ;
to debilitate. — BB-ftfblMntBt, n.
Stb* — To weaken ; debilitate ; enerrate.
Al-fMlf' (-f«i'). V. t. [Pref. en- -f- Jeoff, Mf} To
flTO a feud, or right in laud, to ; to inToat wiUi a fief or
fee.-Bll-fMlflMllt, -
' («u'it.lld'). ». [P., fr. enjller to thread,
lake with ahot ; pref. er^ (L. in) +// thread.] 1. A line
or itraight paaaage. 2. A firing m the direction of the
length of a trench, line of troops, etc ; a raking fire. —
9. t. To rake lengthwiae with ahot.
Bn-foroa' (-f QraO, v. /. [OF. en/order to atrengthen,
force; pref. en- (L. in) -f F. force force.] I. To put
force upon ; to constrain. 2. To make or gain by force.
3. To giTe force to ; to strengthen. 4. To put hi force ;
to execute vigorouslv. — En-nroe'nMiit , n.
Bn-tran'oSlM (-frib/chls or -chlz), V. t. [Pief . en- +
/ranehiee.} 1. To set free ; to liberate from slavery,
prison, etc 2. To endow with a franchise ; to incorpo-
rate into a body politic. 3. To receive as denitens ; to
naturalise. — gn-trm^ohlia-nnmt (-chTi-ment), n.
BB-fftft' (-gSJOt V- '• [*"• engager; pref. en- (L. in)
4- gage pledge, nawn.] 1. To put under obligations to
do or forbear doing something. 2. To bring in as aaso-
elate or aid ; to enlist. 3. To win and attech ; to draw.
4. To employ the attention of. 6. To encounter ; to bring
to conflict. 6. To come into gear with ; as, the te«>th of
one cogwheel engage those of another. — v. i. 1. To
enter into an obligation ; to warrant. 2. To embark in
a business ; to involve one's self ; to enlist. 3. To ioin
battle. 4. To be in gear, as cogwheels working together.
Bn-facad^ (Sn-cljdO. a. 1. Occnpied; busy. 2.
Pledged; promised in marriage ; betrothed. 3. Greatly
interasted ; earnest. 4. Involved ; esp., in conflict.
iBcacsd eotana, an attached column ;
a column partly sunk into the wall to
which it is attached.
eii^rttijiiti, H»-ljfii»ii. nkilij-tiiNif, (H^f-u|>y'
tnffp Of frit^'rkijr into rfnt^iit* 3^ A
belna eiifrnfi'^'d ^r Dii!iiip9«d : it jil'-dirft of
niAfTi-vje. 3. Eiiffirnwliiir ™*fiip«tiBn ;
oblieatlr>n by plmlifi*^ promd*** or roii*
tmct^ *iiternri«s emlnrkp^ ki. 4^ A
baitlfl. a. ftutfl Ejf Iwhitr in nf^r.
ftyn* — Vfw?ntSntj : SnjirtiPPMi ; *![pol^
tlofl ; betrfllhil i wer*! : -^-TrfrtM^i ; flgliit ;
cotilpjtt ! ffrtirtitt. ft'** UA-rn,*.
£a-ifl'Cln|C ^Hi'iTr^|^^^, -. Tf^nding
to lirawf tlic rtfTfTCkais^ ; n.ttM^'tli"'-.
lSa-)|«Il'd«(r ^j«nM3r>, r. t [W.
ff^Nf/rf^r; I^ j>i -i- tit^f^tfttt* to kn^pl,]
To came to M.ist; to hrln» fnrth . to sow the seeds of.
mmv.i. To assume form ; to he caused or produced.
Ryn.— To breed ; fren«*r«te; propagate; develop.
Ete'Rlna (Sn'jTn), n. [F. engin skill, niarhine, engine,
L. fn^entum capacity. Invention ; M in 4- root of gig-
nere to pro«1uc6.] 1. Any device or contrivance; an
tlE^cit, 2^ Itmtnimsnt of war or torture. 3. A com-
pciTinrl Trifti-}iinp trn T.r.iri.irt» » physical effect.
Engl n««r' tfin jTiifi''), n. 1. One skilled in engi-
t)4*'rliiir, %- An r^xn^Utt^ I driver. 3. An efHrient mnnairer.
[Ctttfftff ]— r. r 1. Tn lay out or constnict (%n engi-
ti^ir'ii nfirli^ a, T.i Mr'Mtrive ; to manage. [CoHoq.}
Ba'Cl^IKMr'lafr, ft. Orir., art of manaHnir engines ;
M'l^ncr ifi titllii^nff th" mechanical properties of matter
ill -ttriK^tnreft %- I in^rTiiues.
GO'gin^'lT (^Ti^Tn-rf ), n. 1. Minaffement of engines
or ftrttlJiTv. a. Rnp^tiT^s in r«»nenl : machinery.
En gtrd' fiTurl:*.!'), ■ . t. To trrA : to encompiM.
EHflfall (rT!'«*lT^h>, n. [A». Enfjiisc, fr. Fngfe, An-
gh^ KjikTpn^ Aiig'I'*'', n ( r ihe of Oerin'»n*» from Denmark,
Who fettled In BritJiln 'tiid namH it Entflnnd.'] FertAln-
Inir to KturlafifU nr Ui \\n inhabitantx. — n. 1. Collect-
lirely, tijp penpi^' at Foe land. 2. LnngiUMre of the Eng-
: Eniragrd Column*.
liah natloot and of their dMoradanta abrond. t. A riat
of printing type, between Pica and Oreat Primer.
The type called English.
— > V. t. To tranaUte into the EngUah language ; to An*
glicise ; to interpret.
Bn-KOrf«'(en-g«rif),v./.&^. [Pref.ei»-+porae.] 1.
Togorge ; to glut. 2- To swallow greedily ; to devour.
BB-fOm^lBtllt, "• 1. A swallowing greedily. 2. Over-
fullness of bodily veaaels ; congestion.
En-fnTt^ (-firiv'), V. I. [Pref. en- + grave to carve.]
1. To cut with a graving instrument ; to carve flrarea or
devices upon. 2. To form by hicisioas upon wood, atonet
metal, ete. 3. To iinpress deeplv. — En-fimT'OT, n.
Bn-gnvlBf, n. 1. The producing charactera, linea,
ete., esp. to decorate a aurface, or to produce an original,
from which a deaign may be printed. 2. That whwh ia
engraved ; an engraved plate. 3. A print
ita-grOM' i-fT^), r. /. [F., fr. pref. en- (L. *i) j-
■gro* gross, grotee^ n., an engrossed document.] 1. To
write in a large hand ; to write a fair copy of . 2. To
seise in the groas ; to take the whole of ; to absorb. 9.
To take unduly ; to monopolise. — Bn-jl'WM^f , n.
Sr n . — To forestall ; monopoliae. See Absokb.
m-grOM'Bltnt, n. 1. An engrossing (a document,
etc.). 2. That which has been engrossed, aa an instro-
ment, legislative bill, goods, ete. [a gulf. I
En-Cldi' (-gtUf Ot V. t. To absorb or swallow up aa in |
En-naXMM' (-hinsO, v. t. & i. [Norm. F. enhaunceTf
OF. enhaucier; pref. en-{L.in)-j- haueier to lift, fr. L.
altve high.] To advance ; to increase ; to aggravate. —
Bn-hance'iiwnt n.
B-Blflna (l-nTg'mA), %, [Gr. ou'tyfyMi, f r. olyiovvvfai
to ppeak darkly, fr. alyoc fable.] 1. An obscure aaying ;
riddle; hidden meaning to be guessed. 2. An action
hard to ezpbUn. — B'nlf-liuitlo (-mit^k), B'Blf -flUii'-
~ , a. — B'lllff-IIUItlo-al-ly, adv. — B-BiC'lDUI-tlst, n,
l-fOHn' («n.Join'), v. t. [F. enjoindre^ L. injungere;
in + fungere to Join.] 1. To order or command ; to give
an injunction to ; to charge. 2. To restrain by a Indidal
order or decree ; to put an injunction on.
Bn-loy' (-JoiO, v. t, [OF. enjoier to receive with loy ;
pref. en- (L. in) + joie Jov.] 1. To perceive with pleaa-
ure ; to be delighted with. 2. To occupy or have tha
benefit of. — En-|Of'a-llIt, a. ~Bll-iOT^fllt, n,
Syn. — Pleasure ; satisfaction ; fnution ; deUght.
Bn-Urfe' (.IXrJO, v. t. & i. [OF. enlargier ; pref. at-
(L. in) + F. Xargf wide.] 1. To increase in Quantity or
dimensions. 2. To increase in capacity ; to dilate.
8yn. *- To extend ; expand ; magnify. See Iucbsaib.
En-larffefBIMltt n. 1. An enlarging, or increasing In
size, bulk, ete. 2. Expansicm of character, viewa, knowl-
edpe, affection, ete. 3. Release from confinement or di»>
tress ; liberty. 4. Diffusiveness of speech or writing.
En-llglirf n (-lit'^n), r. t. [Pref. en- + lighten : k%,
inX\htan.'\ 1. To supply with light ; to illunUnate. 2. To
malce clear to the intellect or conscience ; to Instruct. —
Eii-U«lir«ii-er, n. — Bn-llflit'tn-meiit. n.
Bn-llif (-ITst'), r. /. 1. To enter on a list ; to register.
2. To engage for military or navslMrvice. 3. To secure
the support and aid of. — r.f. 1. To enroll one*s self for
service. 2. To enter heartily into a cause.
Sn-llsftaMBt, n. 1. An enlisting, or being enlisted.
2. The writing which binds an enlisted man.
Bn-llT'ail (-IWn), V. t. 1. To give life or motion to ;
to quicken. 2. To animste. — En-llv'«ll-er, «.
Syn. — To rouse ; inspire ; cheer ; encourage ; comfort.
^'ml-tT (i«M'mT-ty}, n. [OK. enfmyte^ fr. enemy:
cf. F. inimifif.] 1. The being an enemy ; hostile di^o-
sit'on. 2. Omv»«ltlon ; hoetility.
Syn. — Ho«tiI'ty: hntred ; sVersInn; antijpatby; w*
puenance ; ill will ; malice. See Akimositt, KAHCoa.
Bn'ne-A-gOO (-n^-&-e9n), n. [Or. fiWa nine + ytn^
angle.] A polygon with nine sides and nine anglea.
S, «, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, a, f, abort ; senate, fivent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cftre, ftrm, Aak, «11, flnoL
ENNEAHEDRON
197
ENTICEMENT
ft-lWdrOD (Sn'nl^hi'JrSn), n, [Or. ivWa +
Mpa side.] A flsare haring nine lides ; a nonagon.
BB-m/bto (•n5'bU), p. /. To make noble ; to dignify.
— Ba-m/blA-iiiMitt n.
Syn. — To raiae ; dignify ; exalt ; elerate : aggntndiie.
B Bs'nsi' (iiif'nwf), n. [F., fr. L. in odio in hatred.
Bee AimoT.] Wearinese and diagDat ; tedium.
9 ^'want4^ iiiJX^nwPyt/)^ a, [F.] Affected with en-
mi ; bored ; exhaoiAed. —n. One affected with ennui.
B-BOr'nil-ty (t-ndr'mT-t]^), n. [L. enormiias^ fr. enor-
sKf enormoua.] 1. The exceeding a meaaure or role, or
being immoderate or outrageotia. 2. Something enor-
nooa; flagitioua villainy ; atrocity.
B^or'moiU (-rolU), a. IJj. enormit; « oot + norma
rule.] 1. Exceeding the naual rule or meaanre ; inordi-
nate : abnormal. 2. Exceedingly wicked ; monatrona. —
B-oof'taioiis-ly, adv, ~B-nor^i
8yn. — EsoMioiTs ; Immbksb ; Excuaiyi : huge ; raat ;
immoderate; prodigioua: monatroua. — We speak of a
thing aa enormous when it overpaaaea ita ordinary law of
exlaience or far exceeda ita proper average, and becomea
— ao to apeak — abnormal in magnitude, degree, etc. Im-
fnetue expreaaea an immeasurable quanuty or extent. £z-
eeuive ia applied to what ia beyond a jnat amount.
B-ninigftf (-nSfO* a. [AB. gen^h^ geudg. a. & adv.
(akin to O. g^ug\ it. genenh it sufBcea ; pref. ge- -f- root
akintoL.nancucitoget.1 Satisfying dral re ; adequate;
auttcient.^ a<f V. 1. Sufficiently. 2. Fully; quite. 3.
In a tolerable dMiree. — n. A auffl ienrnr.
B-BffW' (-nouO. Obaolete form of En
IfODOH.
To inquire. -
Ba-qulra' (fo-kwir'), v. i. & t.
fltf^MT, n. — Bn-qilir'/, n.
Bn-xmge' (8n-rij'), r. t. [F. enrager to be enraged ;
pref. «n- (L. in) 4- rage rage.] To fill with rage.
8tii. — To incenae ; exasperate ; anger ; infuriate.
Bl-rap'tlirt ^-rSp'tttr ; 40), V. t. To transport with
pleasure ; to delight beyond measure.
Bn-rloll' (-rlc!/). «. i' [F. enrichir; pref. en- (L. in)
4- rich* rioh.1 1. To make rich ; to increase tlie posaes-
nons of. 2. To adorn. 3. To make rich with manure ;
to fertiliae (the soil). 4. To instruct; to store (the
mind). — Ba-iteli'meiit n.
Bll-wU'(-r8l').«'./. [Pref. <m- 4- ro//.] [Written also
tnrotj] To insert in a roll : to register or c ttalogne.
Ea-r6U']Btltt« n. [Writtpn also enrolment.'^ 1. An
•nroUIng ; registntioit. 2. A register ; record.
Ba-root' (-rSMOi *• f- To flx by the root ; to implant
n En' nmto' W rCatO- [F.] On the w ly or road.
Ea-iam'ple (Sn- Xm'pM), n. [OF. ensnmpie^ F. exem-
pU. See ExamtlbJ An example ; model for imitation.
Ea-IOOnse' (-skSnsO, v. t. To sli^lter ; to hide.
lEa'MBinU* Vta'WbV), n. [P.] The whole; all
thA parts %%km\ together. — adv. All at once ; together.
El-Slirilia' (Sn-shrin'), v. /. To inclose in a ahrine or
die 4 ; to preserve or cherish.
En-eSfMr-mu (•'4T 'Sr-Hs), a. [h.en*i/er; ensU vword
-f ferre to bear.t Bearing a ^word.
t<'sl-toflll (•sT-'6nn), /r. [L. ensit •}• -form.'l Formed
like f\ sword blade ; aword-fhap^d.
En'llni (-diOt n. [F. enjteigne, L. inxignia^ f1. of
insigne bxdge, flag ; in -|- »tgnum mark, sifrn.l 1. A
banner: rtand^rd ; national flsg. 2. A idgnal ; badge of
office or powder ; symbol. 3. A standard bearer. —
Emfwiga-vf, Bn'slcii-slil**, n.
Bil'sl-llIM (jInWij ; F. lK'-«'14xhO/w. [F. ; pref.
«n- ( L. in) 4- *««• 8 •e Silo. ] 1. The pr^t«ervin«r fodder
by compressing it whiH fr«>«h in a pit cnlled a nilo, where
it is kept from the air. 2. Fodder preserved in a silo.
•— V. i. To preserve In a silo.
Bm-tltW (Sii-sli '), V. t. To reduce to slavery ; to
■uUect to an influence. — BB-sUlV«lllMlt, n.
BB-sat' (-»«')t f.t.Ai. [OF. etif^ne, ir. L. inuqui;
te 4- t^qui to rnrsu**.] To f ^low ; to pursue.
Sjn. —To follow; pursue; succeed. See Follow.
' (-ahiiTOt V. t. St i. To insure.
BB-taMt-tar» (8n<tXba*.t!lr ; 40), n. [OF. ; Ua k^
tabulare to construct a basis ; L. in + tabwiUum flooring,
fr. tabula board. See Tablb.] Superstructure lying
horisontally upon columns ; — commonly
divided into archUravet the part imme-
diately above the column ; frieMe^ the
central space ; and cornice, the upper
projecting moldinga.
BD-tull' (-tnO. n. [LL. feudum tal-
/•o/um a fee entailed or limited. See Tail
Umitation.1 (a) That which la entaUed ;
an estate in fee linated in descent to a
particular class of issue. (6) Rule fix-
ing the descent. —». t. To settle (an ea-
tate, etc) inalienably on a person or his
descendanU ; to bestow (a heritage). —
Bn-tail'mMit, n.
Bn-Un'glo (-tSn'gn), r. t. 1. To twist
or interweave so as not to be eafeilv aep.
arated ; to make tangled, confuaed, and
intricate. 2. To involve in complica-
tiona and bewilder ; to perplex ; to puszle.
— Bn-tail'fle-llltllt, n. corner of Oreeian
Bll't«r(»n't2r),r. /. Ai. [F. en/w, S^IjiL^lJSh:
fr. L. intrre, fr. iniro Inward, fr. inter Suiref'a Aroht
in between.! 1. To come or go into ; trave ; b Friexe j
to paas within; to penetrate; to pierce. ?,2**''"*''*Lr
2. To unite (in): toiofai. 3. Tobegin; *{ Jj*^ » * ^^
to commence. 4. To Inscribe ; to record. • '»^ '
Bn-terlO (Sn-t«r^k), a. [Or. jyrcpuc^, fr. ivrtpw
Intestine.] Pertaining to the euterou : intestinal.
ll&D'te-ron (fintt-rSu), n. [Or. iyrtaov^ tt. hni%
within.] The alimentary, or enteric, canal.
Ea'ter-prlse (-tSr-prii), n. [F. ; fr. entreprendre to
nndertake ; entre between (*;.. inter) -}- prendre to take.]
1. Something undertikeu; a work projected which In-
volves activity, courage, energy, etc. 2. WiUIngneaa to
engage in serious work. — r. /. & i. To venture.
Enlor-Vll'slll^ C-pri'^Tiig), /F. R<«olute; active.
En'ter-t'lJll' (-t Su'j, r. t. f F. enlretenir ; entre 4- l«iir
to hold, L. tenereA 1. To take in one*s service ; to main-
tain ; to keep. %. To receive as a guest. 3. To amuae ;
to divert. 4. To receive, adniit, or use. 6. To harbor ;
to cherish. — Bn'ter-talii'mr, n.
Syn. — To amuse ; divert ; maint^n. See Amvsb.
Zai'tm'-UJll'lnVf a. Affording entertainment ; nleaa-
Ing; amusing; diverting.— Ell'ter-UdlllllC-Iy, atfv.
Ea'ter-Udn'Bltllt, n. 1. A receiving aa boat; an
amusing; reception. 2. Hospitnlity.
Syn. — Amusement : diversion ; recreation ; pastime ;
sport; feast; bnnquet; repast; carousal.
I' TSil'Mltl-IIlin'»^« (-thn-mTnthA), n. pL [KL. , f r. Or.
itr6i within + iKiiwK, -iv^, worm.j Inteetinal worms.
Ea-thrall' (-thrftl'), r. /. [Pref. en- 4- thrall. Cf,
Irthraix.] [Written alao enthral."] To Inthrall.
^-thnrnw (-thrdn'), V. t. To seat on a throne ; to
invent with authority. — Bu-tlinUMlllfllt, n.
Bil-*Hii'sl-'*Slll (-thn'zT-Sx'm), n. [Or. lv9ov9taaitAi,
fr. iv$toK^ Movi. inspired.] 1. Inspiration as if by a
divine or superhuman power ; ecsta/^. 2. Impassioned
emotion ; transport. 3. Ardent zeal or interest. — Bn-
tbn'sl-iirtlo (Xs'tTk}. Bn-tliii'si-Mtiiwa, a.— Bn-
tlin'sl-Aa'^l^-«i-ly, adv. — Bn-tbn'al-ast, n.
Syn, — Visionary ; fanatic ; devotee ; zealot.
Bn'tliy-lliomt (-tliT-n^Sm), n. [Or. h^tirifia* fr. iv-
Ovfitla^ai to consider : jy in + 0vu6f mind, soul.] An
arginnent consifting of an antecedent and a consequent
dHnc*»d from it ; a syllotd^m with one premise omitted.
Bn-tioe' (-tit/), r. /. [OF. entieier.} To draw on, by
exciting hop#> or desire ; to lead astray ; to tempt.
Ryn. — To lure ; coax ; decoy ; seduce. See Allubb.
Ibl-tloe'mmit, n. 1. An alluring or tempting. 2.
M^^ins of allnrement ; alluring object.
Ryn. — AMurement : attraction ; temptatl<m ; aedoo-
tion ; inveiglement ; persuaalon ; Inducement.
fin, racent, Orb, ryda, f^ tun, food, fcTot, out, oil, oludr, go, sins, iQk, then, thia.
ENTIRE
198
EPICARDICM
Bn-tirt' (Sn-tIrO( «• [T> enMer, L. inieffer untoached,
entire ; pref. in-, negative + root of (angere to toach.]
1. Complete in all parts ; whole ; full and perfect. 2.
Without alloy ; unoualifled ; pure. — En-tlr*ly, adv. —
Ba-tlra'BMS, Bn-ttrely, n.
Srn. — See Wholb, tuad Radical.
Bll-ti "
__l-tl1U (-titn). V. t. [OF. entihder, LL. intihdare,
it. L. in -H tUulu* Utle.] 1. To give a UUe to ; to
name ; to dignify by an honorary deaignaHon ; to call.
2. To qualify (one) for (something).
Syn. — To name ; designate ; style : en ^wer : qualify.
Wtl-ty (Su'tT-tj^), n. [LL. en/ito«, frT L. m^. entt*,
thingt prop. p. pr. of f*»e to be.] A real being ; existence.
Bn-temV (Sn-tS&m'). v. t. [Pref. en- -j- tomb.} To
deposit in a tomb ; to bury ; to iiiter.
BB'tO-IIIOl'O-ffy (8n^t«;m5K6-Jj^). n. [Or. Svroiiw in-
sect (fr. hnoftof cut in ; iv in -f- r«fii'cu'tocut)-f--'o^.]
The EOttlogy of insects. — Bll'tO-IIIOl'O-ftet, n. — En'tO-
mo-lofflo (-mA-iSj^k), Bn'to-mo-lof lo-al, a.
li BtftO-Wa (•iS'A), n. pi. [NL.. fr. Or. iyrit within
+ ^yov animal.] A group of worms, including tape-
worms, flukes, roundworms, etc., living parasitically
within other animals ; the Helminthes.
EnmilS («n'trftls), n. pi. [F. enirtxtiles, LL. intralia,
fr. inter between, within. Bee Ihtbrkal.] The internal
parts (rf animal bodies ; bowels ; viscera ; intestines.
I (Sn'trans), n. [OF.; fr. entrant^ p. pr. of
enirer to enser.l 1. An entering or going into : mgress ;
a taking possession (of property, ofBce, etc. ). 2. liberty
or power to enter. 3. A passage, door, or gate. 4. The
beginning ; commencement ; initiation. 6. The cau^g
to be entered upon a register ; an entering.
Bn-tnuioe' (Sn-trAm/), V. t. [Pref. en- -f trance.']
1. To put into a trance ; to make insensible to present
objects. 2. To put into an ecstasy ; to charm.
Bn-tni|>' (-trlpO, r. t. To catch in a trap ; to Insnare.
Syn. — To insnare ; inveigle : tangle ; decoy ; entangle.
Ur-tTMir (-trSf), r. t. & i. [OF. entraiter to treat of ;
pref. en- (L. in) 4- tmitier to treat.] To ask earnestly.
Syn. — To beg ; implore ; supplicate. See Bbskkcb.
Ba-tnttT ('f\ "• An entreating ; urgent prayer.
8rn. — SoIIHtation ; suit : supplication : importunity.
nmi'trid' (iiH'trtO,n. [F. See Ertrt.] 1. A com-
ing In, or entrance ; permission or right to enter. 2. In
French usage, a dish served at the beginning of dinner
to whet the appetite; in English usage, a side dish,
served with a Joint, or between the courses.
Bn-tTMIOIl' (8n-trSnchO, v. t. To intrench.
nBn^tl^^' QiK'tre-ptf), n. [F.] A warehouse; a
mart or place where merchandise is deposited.
Bn-tnurt' (Sn-trttsf), r. t. To intrust.
Entry (Bn'tif), n. [F. entrie^ fr. «i/rfr to enter.]
1. A passing into or upon : entrance. 2. An entering a
reoora ; transaction entered ; item. 3. Passage leading
Into a house or room. 4. The depositing a ship*8 papers
at the customhouse, to procure license to land goods.
Bn-tWlBtt' (8n-twfn'), v. t. & i. To twine, twist, or
wreathe togetlier or round. [Written also intipine.'\
E-nn'olO-atO (t-nuncll-at), r. t. [L. envcleare^ -ntum ;
e out -f- nudeu* kernel.] 1. To bring or peel out (a ker-
nel from it« husks or shell). 2. To remove (a tumor)
without cutting. 3. To bring to Hirht ; to make clear.
B-nalnar-atO (-in8r-5t), r. /. [L. enumerarf, -atnm^
to enumerate ; e out -f- numeru* number.] To count;
to tell off one after another ; to number ; to mention one
by one. — B-nnliMr-A-tiT*, a. — E-nn'^iisr-A^tor, n.
Syn. — To reckon : compute ; calculate ; count : esti-
mate ; recount : reUte ; rehearse ; recapitulate ; detail.
B-nu'mMr-atloll, n. 1. An enumerating or recount-
ing. 2. A detailed account 3. A recapitulation.
B-ll1l]|'0l-Att(-nlin'shT-at), r. /. [L. enuniinre, -eiare,
wi/tim, to announce, fr. nuntitu messenger.] 1. To make
a formal statement of ; to announce. 2. To make dis-
tinctly audible : to utter articulately. — E-nilll'oi-A-tive,
B-Bnn'ol-A-to-ry, a. — E-Bnn'cl-a'tor, n.
B«mi'Ol-atlOB (t-nOn'sT-i'shOn <fr -ehT-Tshfin), n.
1. An enunciating or making known ; declaration. 2.
Mode of pronunciation. 3. Announcement ; statement
en-^J
[-▼aTi^ (Sn-vS'g*!), V. t. To inveigle.
l-Ttl'OP (in-vWSp), V. t. [OF. envduper ; pref.
-> T. rr>tf
Ea 'Tet op« < e tj ' ^f- 1 -S| j &/ i.i?^ 'v e iBp'), \ «." [F. enve-
En-Tol'iip {{Fn^v«l'&]})^ ) to|>p^.] L That
wht'-Li t-]kV(Mi3f^^ (Mica^iiMi, or surrmmds; wrapper; cover
of u <lt><-iirFieEjt, If tU'r, «tc, 2. Cuma of a comet.
Eq vcrop-memt (iu vJSi^D.fikt), n. 1. An envelop-
ing i.r uriiitpMie^. 3. An vuvelnp ; wrapper.
En- V4lfL'om (vffD'ttjiiJ^f.Y. [F, enrenimer ; pref. «•-
(L. 'Tf h + t rt* in ptriaoQ^ Tuiiom. ] 1. To taint with venom ;
to ihH^nEL 3. Thi tsint wltU b^i-Ti-d; to imbitter.
En'Tl K-ble (^i/^T-i-b'tV. a. Fitted to excite envy.
En ' Vi-^Oft i-&'\ fj. 1 0 F, f t? r ' - r, f r. L. inridiants. f r.
inrui'oi tuvy.] ^r-«l]ng or exhil^ii Ing envy ; actuated by
eui< V : TiiLLisrltmBily irnul^Etipf. — Cn^-oiM-ly, adv.
En Ti'iOTI t-vKftliii, *. /. [F ^nrtrwifMT, fr. «irtro«
abaut; pref. en- (L. in) + 0^. riron circle, circuit, fr.
rtrer to turn. Of. Vkbe.] To surround ; to encompass ;
to hem in ; to involve or envelop.
Bn-Yllmi-llMllt, n. 1. An environing, or being en-
vironed. 2. That which environs; surrounding omdi-
tions, influences, or modifying forces.
Ell-¥l'mia (8n-vi'r1ins or 8n'vT-r5ns), n. pi. [F.]
Places surrounding another place, or near it ; suburbs.
Bn'TOy (Sn'vol), n. [F. envoyt envo^, fr. envoyer to
send ; nref. en- (L. in) 4- vote yifnj^ L. rui.] 1. One dis-
patched upon an errand ; minister to a foreign govern-
ment. 2. \¥. envois f r. envcyer. ] A postscript to a poem,
essay, or book.
Enfy (-vy), n. [F. «iW^, L. invidiajy \. Chagrin at
another's excellence or good fortune. 2. An object of
envious feeling. — v. /. & i. To grudge ; to covet
E'tMWB* (S^-s8n), a. [Or. i^wc dawn -|- icaiy6f recent.]
Pertaining to the oldest of the three subdivisions into
which geologists divide the Tertiary formation.
E-O^-an \t-Wl-aii)y a. iGolian.
B-Ollo (-SlTk), a. & n. Malic ; .flolian.
B'Oll, JB'on (S'&n), n. [L. aeon^ fr. Or. aUr space of
time, lifetime, age ; akin to L. aevum. See Aoi.] An im-
measurable space of time ; eternity ; an age.
E'PAet (i'pXkt), n. [Or. (ircurrdf added, fr. circ on, In
-\- ayctf to lead.] The moon's age at the beginning of
the calendar year.
Bp'an-let' \ (Sp'i^Wt/), n. [F. SpavUfte, dim. of
l^'an-lctte' i Spavle shoulder, fr. L. epaiMla a
broad piece, LL., shoulder.] A shoulder
ornament worn by military and naval offi-
cers, and indicating differences of rank ;
a shoulder knot
II E'perglM' (t'ptmO, n. [F. ipargne I
treasury.] A centerpiece for table deco- 1
Bptiero'e-tm (f f^n/*-ri>, r* TN'T*, Epaulet
fr. fi]. t^i;^rpoi< il«y tiy, fr. «vt iting but a day;
iffi oTiT l^^fjao (iniyJ A lev. only one day.
E-pttom'er-ftl i^vM )> a. 1 : ing and ending In
s d^v . iUiiTTitU. 2. ShorUlLviMj — ..^ Anything lasting
bur k brif-r timi? \ %n iqihruterai pbiul, .osect etc.
£ phem'e-rli l-^rffl), n. ; fd, KPurMKUDn (af't-mftr'-
\-'U-i\. {\^,]k' (II if r t G r. * *T|w »p*Vi ^ ^ i^ifupoi.} 1. A
dii v; joLintJil, 9- An a«triij>0iiiir4l u oiaitac.
Eph'oa < 51^5(1), n. [U«K 'rphrf^i, Ir. 'iphad to put
oiij A v(*^r nift^it of J^wmki pfip-iti^
Bp'lG f 1^ pT k >, f^ . I G r. iiryii^* tr. f^ ^ word, tale, song.]
N.iriat4Hi in a grand stylo ; wrtalnltig tt> an heroic poem,
in an elevated style. — n. An heroic poem.
II Bp'l-car'di-lim (Sp'T-kKr'dT-fim), n. [NL., fr. Or.
c'lrt -f- icapaui heart. ] The outer part of the pericardium.
Bp^-carp (-kiirp), n. [Pref. epi- -f- Or. icapirtff fruit]
External layer of a fructified ovary. See SHOOCAtf.
S, «, 1, 9, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 6, A, tt atort ; senate, « vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cAre, ttrm, Ask, tn, flMd.
EPICENE
199
EPSOM SALT
Byl-oane (Sp^-flSn), a. An, [Or. hrUowot ; fr. hri
+ Kou^ common.] Common to both mxm ; — a term
applied, in grammar, to nouna having but one form of
gender to indicate animal* of both aezea.
Bpl-Oim (-kur), n. [Or. 'Erumvpoc, a Oreek phi-
loaopher.l One devoted to wnaual enjojrment.
Sjn» — Volnptaary ; aenoualist.
l^l-eB-n'jai (-ktt-rCon or -ku'rt-on ) , a. 1. Pertain-
ing to Bpicurua or hia philoaophy. 2. Otven to luxury ;
pertttbiing to good eating. -» n. 1. A follower of Bpi>
enrua. 2. One given to epicurean indulgence.
Epl-oy'Ole (•ai'k*l), n. [Or. hruevKkof ; ^t upon -f-
ctfcXov circle.] A circle which rolls on the circumference
of another circle, either externally or intemallv.
fi^^-oy'olaiA (-aildoid), n. A curve traced by a point
in^be circumference of a cir-
cle which rolls on the convex
aide of a fixed circle. — Bi^l-
ey-Qloia'al, a.
Br.i-teinto (-dSm^k), a.
[Or. CB-tiSmuK ; iwC in -\- 6'^tiot
people. ] 1. Comiuon to a com-
munity ; — applied to a dia-
eaae attacking manv persons
at U»e same time. i. Spread-
faig widely; affecting great
numbers.— A. An epidemic
dii
Bpl-tftT'mlB Mir'mTs), n. _ . , , . "— ^ . „ „
[Or. iw»itpfu% ; ini over + Epicycloid. pPrrfnt on Boll-
i4ptia Mn\] 1. Outer, non- !«>« Circle,
sensitive Uyer of the skin ; cuticle ; scarfskin. 2. Outer-
moat layer of surfaces of leave* and of stems, when first
formed. — Bp'i-flcr'mio, Bo^l-dtr'lllQld, a,
E^l-glS'tri-nn (-gi/trl-fim), n. [Or. iwiydarpiw;
hti 4- yoarip belly.] The upper part of the abdomen. —
Eto'l-gas'tXl}, a.
Bp^SlOl'lll (-gl5f tis). ». [Or. iniyXmrnt ; «iri -f
y)^£nra^ yMtvtrtL, tongue.] A cartlUgiMJUi liJjIka ap-
pendage which closes the glottis while food or driuk is
pawing through the pharynx.
^^grifll (-grSm), n. [Or. inCypyifia inscription,
epigram, fr. en -f ypo^cir to wriie.] A short poem
treating concisely a single topic. — E^i-graa-nutlo,
bi-Knuii-mtno-al, a. — ET^l-fnm'Ba-tlBt, n.
Bpl-ffrApIl (-grif), n. [Or. ^irtypaAi), fr. iwiypi^iv.}
L An iuicnption upon a building. 2. A motto.
Bpl-ltp'ST i'Vip'^)t *•• [Or. iiriXrifia a seisure, fr.
hn 4- kasifiivtw to t'Oce.] The ** f.Uiiiig sickness ; *' a
tarain disnse attended by paroxysms and unconsciousness.
^ I {'\ifi\ -lorio-al, -lO-gls'tIO (-l^JTs'tTk), a.
iB-piare-ron (l-pTm'«-r5u), n.;
•ftA (-ri). [NL.] Side of a somite
crustacean.
B-i4pVl-n7 (1-pIf'A.ny), «. _
^t^ttMA ( v;. Upi\ it. hn^faLi¥9t¥ to show
forth; iwi -if- ^ai¥9w to show.] 1. An
appearance ; manifestation. 2. A church
festival (Jmuary 6th) celebrating the
visit of the M ^i of the East to the chUd
Jeans at Bethlehem ; TwelfthtiHA.
WMkfXm (»pa-fit), n. [Or. Ui -h
fvrer mant, ^wir to grow.] 1. An -.. . ^ ,., . __
Dot not dertving nourishment from drum mnttfi*rum),
them. 2. A vegetable parasite grow- jrrowlng on n branch
tng on the surface of tlie body. of a tit*. R.Hiuced.
B-pte^00-pft-e7 (*-pTsacA.n4-«y), n. [See EnsooPATB.]
Church government by bishops, or by three distinct
orders — bishops, priests, and deacons — the aatbority of
the bishops being superior.
E-pls'00-pal(S-pT»^t-pal),a. [L. tfpiicopaliff, f r. epis-
eopu*. See Bishop.] 1. Oovemed by bishops. 2. Be>
longing to, or vested in, bishops.
&pU'00-paai-a]l(-p8aT-4in),a. Pertaining to biabopa,
government by bishops, or the Protestant Bpisoopal
hurch.— n. Member of an episcopal church ; achorcb*
man. — E-pli'lXKPAli-All-lBDl, n.
B-pls'OO-pal-ly (-pol-lj^), adv. By episcopal aatbority ;
in an episcopal manner.
E-pls'OO-Mtt (-pit), n. [L. episcopaiiu.} 1. A bish-
opric. 2. Collective body of bishops.
Epl-Md« (8i/T-sSd), n. [Or. iwua6Su>v ; iwi + *tao6os
a coming in, <t« into -f- 6Us way.] A separate incident
introduced to give variety to the events related ; fancidea-
tal narrative or digreaaion arising from the main subject.
-Bp'i-M'diHiiLX^i-Md1o(-*Sdak),Brt- '" '
Bpl-mm (-sp8nn), n. [Pref. epi- + Or. ov<
seed.] Skin or coat of a seed.
B-pis^tl«(t-pTs'U),a. IAS. epi3tol,pistol,Ueoistoliu
fr. Or. crtoToAiy message, letter, ir. ca-torcAAtir to send
to ; iwi -{~ trrtfAAety to send.] 1. A written communion
tion ; letter. 2. One of the letters of the Apostles, in
the New Testament. — B-pla'tO-lar (-tt-lirV, -U-ry
(-Ift-H^). Bp'il-teno (ip'Ts-tSTlk), -lo^ a,
Eyi-Uak (8pa-t4f ), n. [L. epUaphium funeral ora-
tion, fr. Or. <iri + ro^ tomb.] luscription on a tomb.
BM-thA-U'mi-lim (-thA.la'mT-&iu), n. [L., fr. Or. M
-f tfaAofUK bride chamber.] A nuptial song.
Bo'l-liMt (-tliSt), n. [Or. iwCBrrw. fr. hnrMpi to
add. J Adjective expressinff some quality appropriate to
a person or thing. — Bo'l-ttAno, BP'i-tlMt'lMQ, a.
Syn. — Epithst ; Tfflx. — The nsme epithet was for-
merly extended to nouns whi^h give a title or describe
character (as the '* epithet of liar^'), but is now confined
wholly to adjectives. Epithet is sometimes confounded
witu appelUuion^ which is always a noun or its equivalent.
E-plt'o-md (t-pTfft-mt), n. [L., fr. Or. hrvnu-i a aor-
face incision, aim, an abridgment, fr. irtW^ciy to cut
short; iwi -f- ritkvniM to cut.] 1. A brief summary;
abridgment. 2. A condensed r(>rrew>ntntlon of anything.
Syn. — Compendium ; synopsis. See Abbidomxht.
B-ptfO-mlae (•mr), r. /. Tn m)iko an epitome of ; to
abridge. — E-ptfO-im'ser, B-ri^O-mi>t, n.
tlBp'ilO'te (8p'T.r5'»n). EVi-^'^ail (-ffn), n. ; of.
EnzoA (.&). [NL., fr. Or. ivi + ^^ animal.] One of
the invertebrates living paruntically unon the exterior of
other anlmaU, bicluding Uce, ticks, lish Uoe, and other
crustaceans.
Bp'i-lO-tftlo (-z^-StTk), ft. 1. Pertaining to an epl-
sodn. 2. Simultaneonrly attacking many animals; —
correronndint to epidemir diseanes among men.
Ep'iioaf-ty (-^yd-ty), Etyi-nMftIo, n. An epixodtic
diMom ; mnrr^in ; epidemic inf1ii«>nia among horses.
Eyooh (»p^'0, n. [Qt. inoxfi check, stop; hrl +
ix*^v to h«%ve, hold. See Scrbmb.J 1. A fixed point of
time marked by a notable event. 2. A memorable p^
riod. 3. A ireologic'>I division of time characterised by
the preval''n'M^ of M»nll\r con«1iti''n« of the earth.
8yn. — Epoch ; Eba ; time ; dafe ; period ; see. —We
spenk of the era of the Roformntion, when we thhik o^ it
Hvl we been thinking of the t<me ra marked by certain
great events, we shouH have c%\\t^ the times when these
events happened epoch*, nnd t>ie whole iwriod an evoeh.
Bp'O^ (Sp'Sd), n. [Or. ^ir<^6<, f r. hr^Btuf to sing to ;
^t -f 4^9^ to sing.] (a) Tlie after song; last part of
a l3rric ode, — the ancient ode being divided into strophe,
autistrophe, and epode. {b) A Ijrric poem in which a
longer verse is followed by a shorter Ci.*.
Bp'0-pi«'J-ft-p»'), n. [F. Spopie, Or. iwmnita; nrov
song -f- iroicif to make.] An epic poem ; epic poetry.
Bp'MOl MdV (Sp'eQm sftlt^. Sulphate of majgoMiMk
having cathartic qualities.
(fm, rec«nt, 6rb, r^de, f^ll, ftm, fcTod, f«^t, out, oil, ehair, yo, ainy, i||k, then, ti|i«,
EQUABLE
200
EQUIVOCALNESS
Vfl»-M« (S0iw4-bn), a. [L. aegnahUU^ fr. aequut
eren, equaLI 1. Eqiutl *ud uuliurui ; the Mine at ditfer-
ent timet, li. Uulionu in Action or intensity ; not ▼ari-
able. - E'aiUl^T, adv. - B'aiui-blll-ty (-bllT-tj^), n.
E'qiial (-kwol), a. [L. aegaalitt tr. aegwu.] 1.
Agreeing in quantitv, alle, quality, Talue, etc. ; corre-
gpcniding; alike, i. UAriug ootupeteut power; ade-
quate. 3. Not Tarlikble; ouiform; even. 4. Evenly
balanced; unbiased; iuipartlid; equitable; juat. 6. Oi
the aaiiM Intersat or cmiueru ; indifferent. — n. One not
inferior or superior to anottier ; equal quantity or number.
ftjm*— Bt«d{ proportionate; fair; just; equitable.
* V. /. limp. & p. p. EqvAlMO (riiwald ) or Eqc allso ;
0. pr. A vb. n. BQUALno or EquALUifo.] 1 To be or
beooroe equal to; to iiave tbe s<uue quantity, Talue,
rank, etc. witb. 2. To equallie ; to put ou equality.
B^lllll'ty (l-kw&ior-tj^), ft. [L. atqualUus, fr. o«.
quaUi.'\ 1. Tbe being equ.a ; agreeuMUt in bulk, value,
rank, etc 2. BvennetM; uniformity. 8. Exact agree-
ment between two matliematioal exoressions or magni-
tadee as to quantity ; - deuoted by tUe symbol =.
E^qnal-lM (Fkwol-iJ, r. t. l. To make equaL 2.
Topronounoe equal. — B qual-l-sa'doil, n.
B'cpM-fltml^ty (S^kwA-uTiu'I-ty), n. [L. aeqtianimi-
UUf fr. aequus -f animiu mind.] KYenness, calm tem-
per, or firmneM of mind ; patience ; composure
m-^fUW (t-kwitOi r. t. [L. aequare^ -quatum^
I equal, ir. aequu».'\ To make equal; to reduce to
an average ; to recfuce t j mean time or motion.
B-qnirtiOll (-kwi'abfin), n. 1. A making equal ; equal
diriiNon ; equilibrium. 2. An er.presBiou of tbe condi-
tion of equality between two algebraic quantities or sets
of quannUsA, tlie itifm = being placed between them.
3. A quantity to be applied In computing the mean pUce,
etc, of a c^l^sti^l body, m> as to find its true position.
B^jtlUltOr (-tSr), ft. [L. aeqwitor one who equalises.]
1. The imaginary great circle on tbe earth*s surface,
everywhere equally distMit from tbe two poles, and di-
viding the earth's surface Into two hemispheres. 2.
The great circle of the celestial sphere, coincident with
the i^ane of the earth*fl eq'ntor : the equinoctial.
B'qiU-U/ll-al («'kwA-t5'rT-<rl), a. Pert, to the equa-
tor, or to an equatorial. — n. ABtronomical telescope ar-
ranged to keep the object ohserved constantly In its field.
Bq'ttwr-nrt Bl'ne-iT (Sk'wgr-ry), n. [F. ScuHe
•table.] 1. A large stable. 2. A court ofBcer in oliarge
of the norvA.
B-qoes'tll-MI (t-kwSs'trT-an), o. [L. equfsfer, fr.
eqnes horseman, fr. equu* horse.] 1. Pertaining to horses,
horsemen, or horsemanship. 2. BsiuR on horfw^back. —
n. One on horseback ; rider. - B-qUM'trl-tn-lllll, ».
B-qn'mtll-eillM' (-9' 0, n. A horsewoman. [anRlen. I
B'QQi-an'gll-Ur (e^kwT-Sn'gd-lSr), a. HaviuK equal |
S/qnl-iUl^ailt (-dTs'tant)' a. Behicr at an eqtinl dis-
tance fmm the same point or thing. — E^qvi-dlataxioe, n.
S'qill-lllfer-al (-lifZr-al), a. [h. aequUateralU ;
aequu* -f- latu*^ Interi*, side.] Having all
the Rides equal. — n. A side exactly corre-
spondinir to otherx : figure of equal sides.
B'qill-lilinite (-l?a)rit), r. /. [L. aeqni-
libmtu* in equilibrium ; aequns -f- libra
balMice.] To balance two scales, sides,
or ^ds. — B^qul-ll-bra'tlon, n.
B'lrDll-Uly^-lllll yTb'rT-Bm), n. [L.
aeqtmibrtum.l 1. Equality of weirht or
force ; equipoise. 2. A level position ; just poise of an
ot^ect, 80 that it remains firm. 3. A balancing of tbe
mind between roottven or re-uions.
B^qUl-nraltl-lde (-mfil'tT-p'!), n. Multiplied by the
same number or quantity. — n. Product of multiplying
two or more -^nantitles by th'* ft'%me number or quantity.
E'eittlllt (rkwin), B-qnllul (#-kwi'n/rl), a. [L.
eqitHtftn^ fr. fqutit h^rtie.] L'ke, or pert, to, a horse.
B'qill-noo'tial (S'kwT-nSk'shal), a, 1. PerUlning to
iianffte.
the equinoxes or time of equal day and nlglit. 2. P»^
taining to tlie regiona or cUmate of tbe equator. 3.
Pertaining to tbe time when tbe sun enters the equi-
noctial points, ^fi. Equinoctial line ; celestial equator.
IqatMotial petals, tbe two poinU where tbe oeleatial
equator and ecliptic mteraect.
B'qvl-lMl (CkwI-uOks), ft. [L. aequinoeiium ; aeguus
equal -|- ftox, noctis, nigbt.] 1. The time when the sun
enters one of the equinootial pointa (March 21 and
September 22). 2. Equinoctial whKl or storm.
frqvlp' (-kwTpO, r. t. [F. iquiper.l To furnish for
•ervice: to provide with arms, storas, munitlooa, etc
Bq'n-pagt (Sk'wT-pftj ; 2), n. 1. Furniture or ootltt ;
equipments; acconterments. 2. Retinue; train; suite.
H^alp/BMBt (fi-kwli/ment), ft. 1. An equljM>ixig, or
being equipped. 2. Equipage ; furniture ; onttti
E'aill-MlM(SacwT.poU).ft. lEqui- -^ poiM.-} Equal-
tty of weight or force : equilibrium ; balance
B'Olll-p^lailt (-pOllnit), a. [L. atQuipoiltnt ; aeqvu*
•\- poUenM^-entU^ p. pr. of poltere to be able.] Having equal
force; equivalent. — E^qnl-frt'toBOt, -MltB-CT, n.
E^qvl-pon'dar-ato (-p5n^iSt4t), v. I [Egui- -\- L.
ponderare to welglij To be equal in weight —r. /. To
counterbalance. — B'qal-yoil'Mr-ABt a.
n Bq'nl-Mtnm (Sk/wT-sS'tlim). n. [L., the horaetoil,
fr. equut horse -f t^ta bristle.] A genus
of vascular, crjrptogamic, herbaceous
plants ; — al<40 called horseiaUs.
Bq1li-ta-1»lt (-tA-bM), a. [F., fr.
SqttitS. See Eomrr.] 1. Possessing
equity; according to natural right or
justice ; fair, unbiased, or impi^Ul ;
just. 2. That can be sustained in a
court of equity, or upon princiides of
equity jurisprudence. — Bq'oi-ta-hl*-
IMM, ft. — Bq'al-tA-Uy, adt.
Syn. — Just; fair; honest; upright.
Iiq1li-ty (-ty). n. [F. SquUi, L.
aeqtiUa»t it. aequu* even, equal.] 1.
Equality of righU; the saving to each .
man iiU due; fairness in determining
conflicting claima. 2. An equitable a tpcdes of Eqai-
legal claim. 3. A system of juri^ru- •etvuniE.^ra-
deuce, supplemental to law, properly »»ciiwi),»terlls
so called, and complemental of ft. • »^. '•'»*»•
Syn. -Right; honesty. SeeJusncB. "*"*•'
^vlT'a-lMiM (C-kwTv'i^i«ns), B-qiihr'ft-ltii-oy
(-len-sy ), ft. 1. Tbe being equivalent ; equality of worth,
value, signifkation, or force. 2. Equal power or force
3. (n) (Jhmutlty of tbe chemical combining power of an
atom, expressed in hydrogen units : number of hydrogen
atoms an atom can comMne witb, or be exchanged for }
valency. (6) Degree of combining power.
B-quv'a-ient (-lent), a. [L. aeqxUralen*^ -entity p. pr.
of aeqmvalere to have equal power ; aequu* -f* ^alere to
be worth. ] 1. Equal in worth or value, force, effect, etc ;
of the same import or meaning. 2. Eoual In measure but
not admitting of superposition ; — i4>piied to magnitudea.
^n. 1. Something equal in value, worth, weight, or
force. 2. A combinluR chemical unit.
B-qillT'<MMd (-ft-kal), a. [L. aequivocu*; aequu* -f-
voT, vocii, word.] 1. Having two or more slgnincations
equally applicable; of doubtful meaning; amUguoua.
2. Capable of being ascribed to different motives, or of
Aigtiifying opposite purposes or characters; suspldoaa.
3. Uncertain ; doubtful. — B-qvlY'O-Ml-IMM, ft.
8yn. - EqurvocAL ; Ambiouous ; doubtful ; uncettain ;
indetermin'\^e. - We call an expressi<m ambi{,uou* when
it has one general meaning, Tct contains certain words
which miy be taken in two different senses ; or certain
cUnsP4 whi'^h can be so connected with other clauses as
to dlv'fle th« mind between different views of part of the
meaning intended. We call an expression eqyiroeat
when, t-Ocen as a whole, it conveys a given thotighi inth
I propriety, and also another thought with equal pivpflety.
S, 8, 1, 9,0,1001 { ft, «, 1, 5, 0, f, short; sonftte,«vent4 Idea, dbey, finite, c4re, ttrm, Ask,|^iliMa.
EQUIVOCATE
201 ESCAPEMENT
p|f«0-Otto (l-kwTT^kit), V. i. [L. aequivoearif
, to be cftUea by the Muna name, fr. L. aequivocus.i
To oae ambignooe exprenions with a view to mieleed.
Syn. — Tb evade ; ehuitte ; quibble. See Psbvaucatb.
B-OltT'O-Mtloo, n. Use of expreaetom of double
dgnincatlon, in order to mislead.
Sm. — PreTarieatloa ; ambiguity ; eraaion ; quibbling.
B-OOtir'O-M'tor (-t^r), n. One who equivocates.
Bf^ynv^liikfwU^iF.t'kPrtkn.n, {Y.iqui-
Bq'oi-TWt ) voque. See EqunrocAL.] 1. An am-
biffoooa term. S. An equivocation ; quibble.
BtR (8'rA), n. [LL. aera.'\ 1. A fixed point from
which a leriee of yean ia reckoned. 2. A period of time
dating from some Important event. 3. Au epoch.
Byn. — Time; period; age; dispensation. See Epoch.
B-ffadl-oato (t-rXdT-kit), 17. t. [L. eradicare, -catum,
(o eradicate ; e out -f* radiJCt radieU, root.] 1. To pluck
up by Uie roots. 2. To root out ; to d^Aroy utterly ; to
extirpate. — B-ridl-oa'ttflii, n. — E-rid'l-oa-tiTe« a.&n.
Syn. — To extirpate ; root out ; extermhiate ; annihilate.
B-nie' ("lis'), V. /. [L. eradere. -Tiuum^ to erase ; e
not 4- radere to scratch, shave.l 1. To rub out (letters
or onaracters written, engraved, or painted) ; to efface ;
to expunge. 2. To obliterate ; to blot out (ideas in the
mhid or memory). — B-nW«r (-9r), n. — B-nuM'Oieilt,
frn'Bloll (S-rS'shSn), l^nfmUf (-shdr ; 40), n.
Brd (ir or kr),prep. & adv. [AS. fir, prep., adv., A
oont] 1. Before ; sooner than. 2. Rather than.
tf-not' (t-r9kt0, a. [L. eHgert^ ereetum, to erect ; e out
+ reaere to lead straight] 1. Uprisht ; not inverted ; not
leaning, bent, or prone. 2. Raised; uplifted. 3. Bold;
eonfidoit ; alert. — v. /. 1. To raise and place upright.
2. To build ; set up. 3. To establish ; to institute. —
B-rtOiar, adv. - B-rtOf a-Ut, B-Momt (-rOt'tTI), a.
— B-recPtton, n. — B-reettra^ a. — B-iM/tor. n.
Bth. — Tb set up ; raise ; build ; establish ; found.
mKlong' (iraOng' or ftr'-), adv. Before the lapse of
a kmg time ; soon ; — usually separated, ere long.
(I It'gQ (Sr'gt)i COM/, or adv. [L.] Therefore.
Btt^ (-g6t> »• LF. ergot, argot, lit., a spur.] 1.
Disease oausea by a parasitic fungus infesting cereals.
2. Spawn of this fungus infecting rye and wheat. It is
* I.
, . [L.,
fr. Or. 'Eptyv«.] An avenging deity of classic mythol-
[Writen also Erinnyt.^
, I), n. [OF. ; prob. of German origin.]
1. A fur-bearing animal of
northern Asia, Europe,
and America, allied to the
weasel ; the stoat. In sum-
mer it Is brown, but in win-
ter becomes white, ex-
cept the tip of the tail,
which is always black. 2.
FUr of the ermine, used for
trimming robes of royalty,
a powerful remedial agent, also a dMigerous poison.
B-fln'ys (t-rTnTs), n. ; pi. Eannrcs (t-rTnOT-Ss).
fr. Or. 'Eptyvf.]
ogy; conscience. .- ^
^ Vrnhkb (Sr^mTn), n. [OF. ; prob. of Oc
Americsn Ermine in winter
p«lage. (K>
etc. 3. OfBce of a Judge,
whose robe is lined with ermine, emblematical of purity.
E-roda' (l-r5d'), V. t. [L. erodere, eromm ; e out 4-
Todere to gnaw.] To eat into or away ; to corrode.
B-ra^aOt (-ent), n. A medicine whtoh eats away ex-
traneous growths ; a caustic.
B-fOaa' (-r9a'), a. 1. Eroded ; un-
even as if eaten away. 2. Jagged, as if
gnawed, - said of leaves, flowers, etc.
B-ra'alaa (-rS^zhlin), n. l. An
eroding or eating away. 2. Corro-
sion ; canker. [roeive.
B-IO'Bhra (-sTv), a. ErMIn? ; cor-
Erpa-tai'a«7 (Jr'p^-ta'ft-jy), n. „ , ,
HerpSology. -ferpa-tai'O-gtet, n. ^"^ Leaf '
Brr (tr), V. i, [L. errare.l 1. To ntrey. 2. To miss the
thing aimed at. 3. To fall into error ; to be mistaken.
4. To go astray ; to stn.
y ; to corroae.
rhtoh eats away ex-
m
BlfkaBd (Sr'rand), n. [AS. serende, mrend,'] Aboil-
ness intrusted to a messenger ; message ; commission.
Er'nuit (-rant), a. [F. ; p. pr. f r. OF. errer to travel,
LL. iterate, fr. L. Her Journey ; confused with L. errare
to err.] 1. Wandering ; roving. 2. Notorious; arrant.
il Br-ra'U (-ri'ti), n., jd. of Eskatvil
Er-ratlo (-rit/fk), Er-nt1a4a (-T-kol), a. [L. er^
raticus, tr. errare.] 1. Having no certain course ; with-
out fixed destination ; wandering. 2. Ecoentiic; queer.
3. Irregular ; changeable. — Br-ntla-al-lT, adv.
II Br-ra'tlim (-rS^tttm), n. ; pi. Erbata (-U). [L., fr.
errare, erratum.'] A mistake in writing or printing.
Br-ia'lia-aiia (-rVnt-Vm), a. [L. erroneiu, fr. errare.}
Containing error ; incorrect ; false ; "^i'^taken. — Br-fO'^
na-oiuhly , adv. — Br-rotiaHnia-iiaaa, n.
Br'mr (-r8r), n. [L. ; fr. errare.'\ 1. A wandering
from the right coarse ; mistake ; inaccuracy. 2. Devi-
ation from the truth ; falsity ; wrong opinion. 3. A
moral offense ; fault. 4. Difference between the approx-
imate and true reault, in mathematical oaloulationa. 6.
Amistakeinproceedingsof a court of record. 6. A fault
of a baseball player by which he helps the other side.
Syn. — Mistake ; fault ; f aUacy ; sfai. See Bluhdbe.
Braa (8rs), n. [OE. Irishe.l Celtic dialect spoken hi
the HlghUnds of Scotland; Gaelic.— o. Pert, to the
Celts in Scotland or to their language.
Bmt (Srst), adv. [Orig. superl. of ere; AS. Bresl.l
1. First. 2. Previously; formerly; heretofore.
BMl-baa^oant (Sr'tt-bSs'sent), a. [L. ervbeteen*, p.
Sr. of erubescere to grow red ; e out -^ ruftejcerf .] Red ;
lushhig. — B^a-1laa'oanoa, BMt-taa^oaa-oy, n.
Br«a-tartlaD (•fik-ti'shlio), n. [L. eruetatio, fr. enie-
tare; e out -f- nictare to belch.] 1. A belching wind
from the stomach. 2. An emitting gaseous or otiief
matter from a volcano, geyser, etc.
Br'n-dlta (-tt-dit : 40), a. [L. erudire, -diium, to free
from rudeness, to instruct ; e -\- rudU rude.l Having
extensive reading or knowledge ; well instructed; learned.
—Br^n-dita'iiaaa, b'n-di'ttoii (-dTsh^fin), n.
Syn. — Literature ; leamfaag. See LrrssATUBB.
E-^l'g^]la1la(t-rI)'J^nQR),a. [See^auancoirs.] Like
copper or verdigris ; nruginous.
B-nipt' (-rfii^, r. t. [See Ehottiok.] To eject
B-mpHon (-rOp'ehOn), n. [L. eruptio, fr. erumpere,
eruptum ; e -j- rumpere to breiA.] 1. A bursting forth.
2. The breaking out of pimples, or an efliorescence, as
in measles, scarlatina, etc. — E-mp'tiva, a.
B^7-8l|Ka-laa (Jr/T-sTp^-los), n. [Or. ipv(riw4\aK;
iovBpii red -f- ir^AAa skin.] St. Anthony's fire ; a febrile
disease, with diffused inflammation of the skin. — Er'y-gl-
para-tona (-sT.p6i'i^taB), B^y-^a-lalla (-cTp^-i&s), a.
Ba'oa-lada' (fisOci^liao. n. [P.; Sp. esealada, fr. es-
ealar to scale, LL. scalare^ fr. L. scala ladder.] An At-
tack on a place fortified with a ditch or rampart. — r. /.
To enter by means of ladders ; to scale.
Ba-oal'op, Ba-oallOjp (-kSl^p), n. [OF. etealope a
shell. See Scallop.] 1. A bivalve shell ; scallop. 2. In-
denture, or scallop, in the margin of anything. 3. Shell
of an escalop, worn by pilgrims to the Holy Lsnd.
Broa-pada' (Sa^ki^pSdO, n. [P., fr. Sp. escapada es-
cape, fr. escapar to escape.] 1. Fling of a horse ; gam-
bol. 2. A breaking loose f mm propriety ; a freak ; pntnk.
Ba-oapa' (-kSpO. v. t. [OF. etcaper, fr. LL. er cappa
ont of one's cape or cloak ; hence, to slip oat of one's
cape and escape.] 1. To flee from aiid avoul ; to be saved
from ; to shun. 2. To avoid the notice of ; to -«vade. —
r. i. 1. To flee, and become secure from danger. Z. To
be passed unharme'l. 3. To get free.— >n. 1. A fleeing
from danger or avoiding notice ; flight; means of escape.
2. A custodian's unlawfully permitting a prisoner to de-
part from custody. 3. L^kage or outflow, as of steam
or a liquid. 4. Loss of electric currenbt from the con-
ducting wires, caused by defective insulation.
Ba-oapafmant, n. The contrivance in a timepieoo
flm, Btoant, 6rb, r^de, f ^ ftm, food, fo^ot, out, oil, otaalr, go, sins, Mlk* tben, thia.
ESCHALOT
202
ESTIMABLENESS
which ooiroeotfl the train of wheel work with the pendu- i
luxn or balance, keeping it in vibratioUf and allowing a !
tooth to escape troni a pallet at each vibrayon.
BMb'a-lOt' (S4h'i^l5t'), n. BiiaUot. [acab. I <
Bs'OlUUr C&tOcar), n. TOr. c<rxapa. SeeScAS.] Adryl
Bf'OlUUr (SaHiSr), n. [Ir.] In Ireland, a ridge uf eaody i
drift ; — in Scotland, called kame or kom.
B»-ObMir (-ch8f ), ft. [OF. e^heit, f r. eseheoir to faU '
to the lot of ; pref . «*- (L. ex) 4- cheoir to fall, fr. L. ea- t
dere."] 1. ReTersion of real property to the state, from a
fiftilure of legal heira. 2. Lands so reverting. 3. A rever-
■ion or return, ^r. i. & t. To revert, or forfeit.
B»-Oll»W'(-chn'),«'- '• [OF. escherer^fr. OHQ.teiuhen;
akin to E. shy.] To shun : to avoid.
Bs'OQrt (SykOrt), ft. [F. esearte. It. scorta a guide, fr.
teorgere to lead, fr. L. ex out, quite -^ corriaere to cor-
rect.] 1. A gtwrd from (rfaoe to place. 2. Protection.
Es-OOft' (S4-k8rf), V. t. To attend as an eacort or safe-
guard ; to give oereuionioua attendance to.
Byn. — To accompany ; attend. Bee Aocomfaitt.
arorl-tOln' (-krT-twllrO, ft. [OF. ; LL. seriptoHum,
fr. L. scribere to write.] A secretary or writing desk.
Bs'Oll-lMIt (-ktt-lmt), a. [L. esculentus^ fr. escnre to
eat, fr. etca food, fr. edere to eat.] Suitable for food ;
eatable ; edible. -• n. Anything to be eaten by man.
B»<l«tOll'aoil (-kSchnin), ft. [OF. escutson^ fr. OF.
e*eu shield. See Scutchiom.] 1. The surface, usually
a shield, which displays heraldic bearings. 2. Part of a
vessers stem bearing her name. 3. Metal plate to protect
wood, or for ornament, aa the shield around a keyhole.
Bs'kar (Ss^ir), Bimr, ft. Eschar, a aandy ridge.
Bsld-IIIO (-kT-md), ft. ; pt. EftUMOs (-mffx). [Orig.
Algonquin name, meaning eaters of raw flesh.} One of a
race inhabiting Arctic America and Greenland, and aome-
what reaembl^ the Mongoliana.
Eskimo 4of , a powers
ful dog, reaembling the
gray wolf, uaed by the
BsKimoa todraw
aledgea.
E-iopk'a-gni
(l-a9f'&^), ft. [Or.
owro^yof ; r o o t of ,
oiOM, uaed aa future of ^
^o«ty to carry -f ^ ^
•ycivtoeat.] That part
of the alimentary canal
between phanmx and
stomach; gullet. See TJluM. of Digestive apparatuSy
under DioBanva. [Written also atophagus.]
Bs'O-ttrflO (fia'^-USrOTk), a. [Or. caaorcpurof, fr. iam-
Tvpoc inner, comp. fr. c<rw withbi, cy in.] Designed for
only the specially initiated ; private. Opp. to exoteric.
Bi-pAlW (-pU'ySr), n. [F. ; fr. It. spaUiera, fr.
tpalla shoulder, F. Spaule. See Epaulbt.] A trellis for
toaining fruit trees or shruba ; row of trees ao trained.
H Bs-ptt/tO (-i^r't^), n. [8p.] A sneciea of Spanish
graaa, uaed to make cordage, shoes, bauceta. paper, etc.
Bs-ps'Olal (-pfish'al), a, [OF. ; L. specialise fr. species
quality.] Distinguished among others of the same kind ;
concerning a species or a single object ; particular. —
Bm-^eUl-lj, adv.
8yn* — Special ; particular ; chief. Bee ParvLiAR.
Bs-vi'al (-pi'al), n. [OE. & Norm. F. espiaiUe. See
Ebpt.j Anespjring; discovery.
Bi^-0-liave (Sn'pT-ft-ntj or -nAehO. n. TF. e^pion-
nngCf fr. espionner to spy, fr. espion spy. See EfsFT.]
Prnctioe or employmf«nt e*f spies : K<>cret watching.
E«'ldLA-n«de' (-plA-nid'), ft. [F. ; Sp. esplnnndn^ fr.
expf^marj L. explnnare to spread out. 8»e F/XPLAiif.]
1. Clear space before a fortification. 2. Oraasplot ;
lawn. 3. Level spare for public walks or drives.
Bs-ponsa' (-pouz'), r. /. [OF. espott^er^ L. spon»f*re
to espouse, fr. spondere to promise sacredly. Cf. Bpodsk.]
Ktkimo Dog.
1. To betroth ; to promise in marriage. 2. To Bariy.
3. To make oue's own : to adopt. — Bii-poai'al, n.
II Brwtt'(-prlOi»- [F.I Spirit.— Bft/pclf 4t oorpa'
(de kdr ), Uie comuion spirit pervading a body of persons ;
enthusiastic devotion to the .general honor of the body.
Bs-py^ (pi'). V. t. [OF. espier, fr. OHO. spehOn to
watch, spy ; akin to L. sveeere to look.] 1. To catch
tight of ; to discover (a distant object not obvious to no-
tice) ; to aee at aglance ; to apy. 2. To inrpect narrowly ;
to watch. — r. t. To aearch narrowly ; to look about.
Syn. — To diaoem ; diacover : detect ; detcry ; spy.
BlKqvl-llum (-kT-m^), n. [F.] Etkimo.
Bi-«lllrt' ("kwirO, ft. [OF. eseuyer, escuier^ LL. «ei»-
tarius shield-bearer; fr. L. scutum shield.] Orig., a
shield-bearer attending a knight ; now, a title of dignity
next below knighi and above gentleman ; also, a tille A
ofBce and courtesy ; — abbr. to tguire.
Bi'feAy (Se'st), ft. [F. essttiyit. L. exagium a weigh-
ing ; ex out -f- agere to drive, do.l 1. Exertion of body
or mind to perform anvthiug ; trial ; attempt. 2. A
composition less methodical tlian a formal trentiaa.
Syn. — Endeavor ; effort ; treatise ; diaquiaition.
B«-Miy' (JSa-dLO. «'• '• \y essayer.] To exert one*8
power or faculties upon ; to make experiment of ; to tiy.
Bs'say-ist (fe^at-Ist), ft. A writer of essaya.
HafwmOB (-a«ns), n. [F. ; L. essentia, fr. esse to be.]
1. The elementary notions constituting a complex notion.
2. Constituent qualities of any object, or class of objects ;
the real being, diveated of logical accidenta ; diatinctive
character. 3. Conatituent substance. 4. A purely spir-
itual being. 6. Qualities of a plant or drug, extracted
from grosser matter ; solution in spirits of wine of a vol-
atile or essential oil. 6. Perfume. ^ r. t. To acent.
Hi ■Mlfltl (-eCn'shal), a. 1. Belonging to the ea>
sence, or that which makea an object what it ia. 2.
Really existing. 3. Important in the highest degree ;
indispensably neoeesary. 4. Containing the essence or
characteristic portion of a eubetance ; highly rectified ;
Sare; unmixed. 6. Idiopatiiic; independent of other
iaeaaea.— n. That which is essential ; constituent prin-
ciple. — BSHMOtlal-ly, adr. — Em UUk'ti-^lrtf (-aht-
UT-ty), BSHMOtlal-IMM, ft.
Bm-W/Ugh, (-tiibatsh), r. t. [OF. ettaUir, fr. L.
stabilire, f r. stabilis firm, stable.] 1. To make firm ; to
aet (a thing) in place and make it jitable there ; to con-
firm. 2. To appoint (officers, lawa, reguUtious, etc.) ;
to ordain. 3. To found ; to create and regulate (a col-
ony, atate, institution, etc.). 4. To prove to be true. 6.
To aet (one*s aelf ) up in business ; to place (one's self)
advantageoualy in a lixed condition.
BMarash-mtlltn. 1. An eeUblishhiff ; settiemcnt.
2. State of being established; fixed sUte. 3. Thatwliich
is established ; system of religion maintained by a civil,
military, or commercial, organiiation ; one*8 permanent
place of residence or busiiwss ; means for carrying on a
business.
Bs-tftte' (-tStO, ft. [OF. estat, L. status, fr. stare to
stand.] 1. B^tUed condition or form of existence ; state ;
situation. 2. Social standing or r&nk ; dignity. 3.
Property of a person ; fortune ; esp., propertv in land ;
what one leaves to be divided at his death. 4. pi. The
great orders of a community or state (as the clerpy, no-
bility, and commonalty of England) or their representa-
tives who administer government.
Bs-toam' (-t5m'), r. t. [F. estimer, L. aesHmare.']
1. To set a value on ; to estimate : to value. 2. To aet
a high value on ; to regard with reverence, retrert, etc.
Syn. — To value ; revere. Bee Apprkiati, Estimate.
— ft. 1. Estimation ; valuation ; price. 2. Great regard.
Syn. — Bee EflTiMATB, n.
EstlMto (S-'thS^), ft., etc. iEsthete.
Bff'^-llM-tda (.tT-mA->»'l). a. [F. ; L. aesHmabilis.
B'H» F^TBKM.] 1. CapablA of being estimated or valued.
2. Worthy of regard. — Bltl-ma-llle-lMMt n.
m S, If 5, a, long ; iif £, 1, 5, 0, ^, short ; aenl^te, $vent, tdea, dbey, ^nite, cAre, ^irm, &ak, fiU, final
ESTIMATE
203
EULOGY
» (Sa^T-mlt), V. U [L. aestimart^ -matum.^
To ju<ige of the value of, from imperfect data.
8yn. — To SsTiKATm ; Bstbsm ; appreciate : value ; ap-
praue; priie; rate; count; calculate; number. — i?«<t-
mate refers especially to the external relations of thiues,
and uaailly involves calculation. Esteem refers to intrin-
sic worth, and implies mingled respect and attachment.
Ba'tt-inatS (-tutt), n. a valuing by the mind, with-
out measuring, weighing, etc. ; approximate calculation.
8yn. — EsTiMATs; Estimation ; Estssm. — The noun
ettimale, like its verb, supposes chiefly an exercise of
Judgment in determiuing the amount, importance, or
maaiitnde of things, with their other exterior relations.
Baeem is a moral sentiment made up of respect and at-
taclanent. Estimation seems to waver between the two.
Et^tt-ma^tlOll, n. 1. An estimating. 2. Opinion of
the worth of anything, formed without precise data ; val-
uation. 3. Esteem ; honor. 4. Supposition ; conjectur*.
Syn. — Calculation ; appraisement. See Estim atb, n.
Bstt-ina-tiyt (-mi-tlv), a. Inclined, or able, to esti-
mate ; aenrhig for estimating. [values. I
Ea^ma'tor (-mi'tSr), n. One who estimates or|
Et-top' (-^P^)* <'• '• [OF. estoper to stop, close, LL.
ituppare to close with tow, obstruct, fr. L. ttuppa tow,
o«kum.] To impede or bar by estoppel.
Bl-top'pel (-p«l), n. An undeniable admission.
Et-tnuiK*' (-tranj'), v. t. [OF. ettrangier to remove,
L. extrcmeart to treat as a stranger, fr. extraneiu strange.]
1. To withdraw. 2. To divert from its original use or
former possessor ; to alienate. 3. To turn from attach-
ment to enmity or indifference. — Et-tnuige'lliont, n.
Bl-tny' (-triL'), n. A valuable animal, not wild,
found wandering from its owner ; a stray.
Bs^ta-a-ry {Wtt-t-rf), n. [L. aestuaHum^ it. aestu-
are to surge ; akin to Or. euStiy to bum.] [Written also
autuary.'] A passage (as the mouth of a river) where
Uie tide meets the current ; arm of the sea ; frith.
ii^ttL^gkt^ {t'tk/zhkr^y n, [F.l Case of shelves.
I W 0«f 0-im ) (8t' sSt^-ri). [L. «< and -}- caeiera
R Bl' O»t'0-im I other thmga.] Others of the like
kind ; and the rest ; and so on ; — abbr. etc. or 3k. {<&€.).
BKoll (8cb), V. i. [D. etsen^ G. dtzen to corrode, etch,
«SMR to eat. J 1. To produce (figures) on metal, glass,
«tc., by lines eaten in by acid. 2. To draw upon (a metal
plate) with acid. ^ t*. i. To make etchings.
BtohlBg, n. 1. The engraving by acid. 2. A design
on metal, glass, etc., produced by etching. 3. An im-
pression taken in ink from an etched plate.
B-tas'lial (t-tSr'nal), a. [F. Stemelt L. aetemalu, fr.
aerum age.] 1. Without beginning or end. 2. Ever-
lasting ; unmortaL 3. PerpetuaL 4. Immutable. 6.
KxcoMingly great or bad. — n. 1. An appellation of
Ood. 2. That which is immortaL — B-t«r'kial-ly, adv.
Syn. — Endless ; interminable. See EvKSLASTiifo.
E-tsr'lll-ty (-nT-ty), n. [F. St&mUi, L. aetemiias, fr.
aelemus.l 1. Infinite duration ; endless time. 2. Con-
dition after death ; immortality. [immortalise. I
E-t«rfnlie (-niz), v. t, l. To make eternal. 2. To|
E-t^'Bian (-tS'zhan), a. [L. etesiae^ pi., periodic
winds, Gr. cnjvbot, fr. Sroi year.] Periodical ; annual ;
— applied to northerly winds blowing in the Levant.
^Oiar (S'thSr), n. [L. aether, Or. ai^p, fr. otBtLv to
light up, blaxe.] [Written also sether.'\ 1. A medium
supposed to pervade space, and to transmit light and heat.
2. Supposed matter above the air ; the air itself. , 3. A
liffht, volatile, mobile, inflammable liquid, obtained by
dutiUing alcohol with sulphuric acid, and used as a sol-
vent of fats, resins, etc., and as an amesthetic.
B-tlM'kV-al (-thS'rft-^l), a. 1. Pertaining to the higher
regions beyond the earth or atmosphere ; celestial. 2.
Consisting of ether ; exceedingly light or airy ; tenuous ;
spiritlike ; extremely delicate in form, manner, thought,
•Cc. 3. Pert, to, derived from, or like chemical ether.
B-tlie'ro-al-iM (-al-ix). r. i. 1. To convert into, or
ntorata with, ether. 2. To render ethereal or spiritlike.
E^tbar-iia (i^tljer-iz), v. t. 1. To cijnvert Into ethisr.
2. IVi tfuitiT iiiM-^lUle by ether, iu9 hy lulialation.
Btb'ki l^ih'Tk), ^ re> {ttr, i^ueot. fr. ^*w clAracter^
Etbio-al t-T-k«l), \ dwt^lUtig s iikiu to i/foc (ju^tom.]
a J.^iiim.jf to uioral* or datiea, ^Btbtc-ftlly, mtv,
Iith'IOft (-Tks)p n. Scieiice uf luninaii iluty.
E'llii-op te'thT-flh), E thl-D^pl^An ( B'pT-iin), n, [Gr-
At^LDs;^ . u.Stvy to buru -^ ([i^ fjL'x- ] A tuiCivt: of KttiJ*
ojii ; nenrv^, — B'UW-O'pl-aii, u.
EtM-Op'lo (^[/Tk), fu islthLDfjlaa. — n. Lani^iAge
of iun iiMt EtliiopinVJiltH^i *ii tJn>aiid*^tit Abynhuiiiuiemj^rBH
Etli'iilc {MWi\\\^\^ j n. (L. rthftwfsj!^ Cir, i§^i.*6^,U.
EUi'aki-al i^-aikol), j lHvui Ji4ti0ut rd fftiy liie tm-
tions, heathens.] 1. Belonging to racM or nations;
ethnologicaL 2. Pertaining to the Gentiles, or nations
not converted to Christianity ; heathen ; pagan.
— . . - - . — V r^^^ c»vos -f -^ro-
tam-
Eth-DOrn-piiy (-nSg'rA.fy), n. [Gr. «9vo( -f -
phy."] Science of the characteristics of the human X
ily ; descriptive ethnolo^^.— Eth-DOg^-plMr, n.— E
inology. — aui-iiwB'm-yiii«B, ». — j
(eth/nt-griTfTk), Etli'Do-fni]^4iHa,
Bth-IMft'O-gy (Sth-nSl'd-jj^), n. [Gr. A^ + -iogy.^
Science of the division of mankind into races, their
origin, distribution, relations, etc. — EtIl'IIO-lOf lo (Sth^-
n^lSj'Tk), Bth'no-iorio-al, a. - Eth-lMd'O-fffit, n.
B-thOl'O-gy {t-t\\Wt-S$), n. [Or. ifiokoyti a depict-
ing of character ; ^fi<K custom, moral nature -f- Aeyciv to
speiUc] Treatise on morality ; ethics.
Btll'yl (SthTl), ». lEther -f -j^/.] A monatomic,
hydrocarbon radical, of the paraffin series, forming the
essentiiJ radical of ethane, common alcohol, and ether.
BH-o-late (8'tT-«-lat), v. i. & i. [F. itioler to blanch.]
To whiten by absence of light ; to bUnch ; to bleach. —
E'tl-O-U'ttoll, n.
Btl-qiwtto' (St^T-kSt^), n. [F. , prro. , mark on a bun-
dle, label, ticket, of German origin.] Forms required by
good breeding, or to be observed in social or official life.
Bf na (8t^n&), n. [A volcanic mountain in SicUy.] A
portable cooking apparatus heated bv a spirit lamp.
Bt'y-mOl'O-gy (gtl-mW^-jy ), n. [Gr. rrv^oAoyia; irv
luw etjrmon -}- Adyov discourse, description.] * 1. Science
of words, their origin, significance, and changes of form
and meaning. 2. Part of grammar relating to changes
in forms of words ; inflection. — Bt'y-mo-lflNklo-al, a. —
Bry-mo-log'lo-al-ly, adr.— Bt'y-mol'o-Kfiit, n.
Bt'y-lllOD (-m&n), n. ; pt. K Ettmohs (-mSmt^, Gr.
Ettma (-m&). [Gr. Srvfutv sense of a word according to
its derivation, an etymon, fr. rrvftoff crcdf , true, roid.]
An original form ; primitive word ; root.
II Bn'OA-lyp'tlU (u'k^-lTp'ttts), n. [NL., fr. Gr. ti +
KoAinrrdf covered. ] A myrtaceous genus of trees, mostly
Australian. Many species secrete resinous gums, whence
thev are called gum tree*; and others vield oils, tars,
acids, dyes, and tans. They are said to dispel miasma.
Bo'cdia-rlSt (-k^-rTst), n. [Or. cvxapiorui, lit, a giv-
ing thanks ; ti -\- x^pK grace.] Sacrament of the Lord's
Supper ; the commemorating the death of Christ, in the
use of bread and wine as emblems ; the communion. —
Eo'olia-ils^tio (-rTs'tTk), Bo'olM-ria'tio-al, a.
Syn. — See Sacramxkt.
Ba'dire (-kSr), n. [Perh. fr. F. iettrtL^ A game at
cards, played with a portion of the pack used in whist. —
V. i. 1. To defeat the side naming the trtimp in a game
of euchre. 2. To foil thoroughly. [Slang^
BalO-Klst (-Ift-jTst), n. One who eulogises. — BolO-
gUKtlo (-jTs'tTk), Bndo-glfltiiHa, a.
Ba-llKgi-lim (-15'jT-fim), n. [LL.1 A formal eulogy.
BalO-glse (-16-jiz), v. t. To extol ; to praise.
Bal0-gy (-jy), n. [Or. cvAoyia, fr. evAoyof well speak-
ing; d^ -|- A^iv to speak.] A speech or writing in com-
mendation ot a person.
Syn.— EuLooT ; Ettlooium : Eircomtm ; PAiraoTBic:
praise ; applause. — Encomium is used both of persons and
of things the result of human action, and denotes warm
praise. EtUogium and eulogy apply only to persons, and
nm, raccnt, Orb, nido, f^^ ftrn, fo€»d, fdbt, out, oil, chair, go, sinK, ink, tha&f tliln.
EUNUCH
264
EVERLASTINGLY
AM more studied »nd of greater length. A panegyric was
originally a set speech hi a full ssaembly of the people,
ana denotes a more formal euloffV-
Ba'mioll (il'ullk), n. [Gr. cvvovxoc ; cvm^ couch +
j^ctr to have, keep.l A human male castrated.
U Ba-pra'M (-pVaY-A or -tHih), BB-p«p'Sf {-m9), n.
[Gr. tinrt^Coj fr. f« + v^rrtir to digest.] Good diges-
tion ; ~ opp. to dyspepHa. — Eo-pOB^tlOt a.
Ba'Bll^illlSlll (-ft-mls*m), n. [Gr. cv^nvu^m^, fr.
«9 + fay<u to speak.] A rhetorical figure which softens
a harsD or Indelicate expression : a mud name for some-
thing disagreeable. ~ Ea'^lM-llllsllo (-mTsaTk), a.
Bi-^hon^ (-f On^k), I a. Pertaining to euphony ;
Ba-^hOlliO-Al (-T-kal), I agreeable in sound.
BB-phO^HNlS (<k-fyni-Qs). a. Pleasing in sound.
Ba'phO-ny (-nj^), n. [Gr. tv^tMfia. ; tt + 4>»vi^ sound.]
A pleasing sound ; pronunciation pleasing to the ear.
aOrtlkathlrtL'ommM (-fdr'bT-S'shtts), a. Of or relating
to the 8punre {Euphorbia) family of plants.
Ba^pkOrhUk (-f tt-Ti*m), n. [Gr. tvfv^ graceful ; «i
-\- ^vf BTOwtht fr. ^cir to grow. This affected stvle,
fashionable Ui the court of Elisabeth, originated in Lyiy*s
bookSf " Eupkue* or the Anatomy of Wit,** and *' Eti-
phuet and his England. "] Affected elegance of language ;
high-flown diction. — Btt'^Mui-lst, n. — Eu^TBHsBrlMnto* a.
BB-im'itaa (•rS'shau),n. [f^tiropean + Asian.] 1. A
child of a European parent and an Asiatic. 2. One bom
of European parents in Asia.— a. Of European and
AsiaUo descent ; pertaining to both Europe and Asia.
n Ba-rfka (-rSnci). [Or. cvpi|«a I hare found, e^^-
vKtw to find.] The exclamation of Archimedes, upnon
disooTering how to find the amount of allov in gold.
Hence, a triumphant expression on making a oiscoyery.
Ba'fO-M'AB (-rft-pS'au), a, [L. EuropaenSf Gr. Ev-
pwvctbc, fr. Gr. Bvp«vi|.] Pert to Europe, or to its in-
habitants. — n. A native or inhabitant of Europe.
BlIHrtA'Olll-fta (-stCkT-mi), a. Pert, to or designating
ootaln tubes of the ear discovered by Eustaehi, an Italian
physician (d. 1674).
Ba'tlul-nm'ld-A (4h4-n5'shT-4), n. [Gr. 9v$apaaia : ti
-f Bdvarat death.] Easy death ; desirable mode of dying.
B-TAO^HUIt (f-vik'n'aat), a. [L. evacuans^ -arUis.]
Emptying; evacuative; purgatlre.—n. A purgative.
B-VftO'11-Att (-it), V. t. [L. evacnare^ -atum^ to empty,
nullify ; e out + t'oruui emptv.] 1. To make empty ;
to remove the contents of. 2. To void ; to discharge
(the contmts of a vessel, of the boweU, etc.). 3. To
Jult; to retire from (a country, city, fortress, etc.).—
t-vao^-a-tlTtt a. — B-Tao^-a'tor, n.
B-TAO'll-A'ttoll, ». An evacuating ; thing evacuated.
E-Tfttt*' (-vid^t V. t. &i. [L. evadere^ evasum; e -f-
vadere to go, walk.] To avoid by dexterity, subterfuge,
OT ingenuinr ; to elude ; to escape.
8m. ~ lx> equivocate ; shuffle. See Peitauoatb.
Br'A-aawM' (lv'4-nSs'), v. i, [L. evanwsert; e -f-
9anescere to vanish, f r. vanus empty, vain.] To vaniMi
away. — BT'A-BM'oeBM, n. — BT'ft-BM'oaitt, a.
B-Tan'C«l (t-vin'j«l>, n. [P. Svangil0, L. evangelium^
Gr. evayyAiov glad tidings, gospel ; •$ -f iyycAciv to
bear a message.] Good news ; the gospel.
B^Tan-gallO (S'vlu-jSinrk), a. Evangelical.
B'TABHMllO^ a. 1. Contained in, or relating to,
the four Gospels. 2. Belonging to the truth taught in
the New Testament. 3. Earnest for the truth taught in
the gospel; strict in interpreting Ghristian doctrine;
preSmiiMntly orthodox. —n. One of evangelical princi-
ples; d Low-churchman. — B^Tftn-gBllo-al-ly, adv,—
lhrui-s«ll-olsiii, B-v4ii'ire-llol-t7 (-j«-iTHnr-tj^). n.
B-Tftn'ml-lnil (^vftn'Jfil-Ts*m), n. The preaching of
the gospel.
B-TMl'C«l-lltt f^ A. bring(*r of the glad tidings of
Christ and his doctrines, (o) An itinerant mimionary
pr^Mirher. (5) A writer of one of the four Goapels
(Katthew, Mark, Luke, or John).
To
the
B-Tin'Ml-lM (t-vio^jO-Ii). V. «. & ^
gospel (to) ; to convert to Christianity.
B-Tftp'O-Ill* (-vip^-rCt), V. i. 6l L [L. evaporart^
-o/tim, to evaporate ; e out i- rapor steam or vapor.] TO
passoff in vapor; to dissipate; to waste. —a. Dispuved
in vapors. — B-Vl^O-im-ttv», a. — B-TW'O-im'tor. n.
B-Tap'O-imtklll, n. 1. Process by which any substance
is converted from a liquid or solid state into vapor. 2.
Transformation of fluid into vapor. 3. That which Is
evaporated. [avoiding. |
B-Ta'fton (-vrshlln), n. An evading, eluding, or|
Syn. — Shift ; subterfuge ; prevarication ; equivoofttion.
E-Ta'idT« (-siv), a. Tending to evade ; elndve ; shuf-
fling. — E-Ta'shre-ly, adv.
Bre (Sv), n. 1. Evening. 2. Tho evening before %
holiday ; period preceding some important event.
B^¥mi (8'v*n), n. [AS. fif/en.] Evening. [PoeMe]
B^¥mi, o. [AS. efen, tfn; alUn to D. even, G. tSen.'\
1. Level, smooth, or equal in surface ; not rough ; uni-
form in m<^ion or action. 2. Not easily disturbs ; calm.
3. Parallel ; on alevel ; reaching the same limit. 4. Bal-
anced ; adjusted ; fair ; owing nothing on either side. 6.
Without blemish ; pure. 3. Not odd ; ci^pable of division
by two without a remainder ; — said of numbers. •> v. t.
1. To lay smooth. 2. To balance (accounts) ; to make
quits. 3. To set right. 4. To keep pace with.— mlr.
1. In an equal or precisely similar manner; Just; aa
well. 2. Up to, or down to, an unusual measure or
level ; so much as ; fully ; quite. 3. As might not be
time; fa tl
expected. 4. At the very \
\ the very case. S.
Verv ; ~ emphasUung a word or phrase.
Enr«B4BC (S'v*Q.Tng or Sv'nfnff), n. [AS. i^fiicnp.]
Cloee of the day and beginning of darkness or night.
B^¥mi-ly (S'v'tt-lV), adv. With an even, level, or
smooth surface ; uniformly ; impartially ; serenely.
E'irMl-IMM, n. State of being even, level, or undis-
turbed; uniformity; fanpartiality ; equanimitv.
B-VWlt' (t-vSntO, n. [L. even/tw, fr. evenire to hap-
Kn ; e out -\- venire to come.] 1. That which oo
ppens, or falls out. 2. Consequence of anythfag.
Syn. — Etbnt ; Oocurbsmcb : Ihcidbmt ; Cibcvm-
8TAN0B ; adventure ; issue ; result ; termination ; conae*
Jiuence ; conclusion. — An et>eni denotes that which arises
rom a preceding state of thhurs. An oceurrenee simply
marks that which meets us in Ufe. Incident is that wmch
falls into a state of things to which it does not primarily
belong, and is usually applied to thfass of secondary inv
E>rtance. A circumstance is one of the things surround-
g us fa our path of life.
B-TfOtlnl. a. Full of events or faddents.
B-V«ntll-ail (-vSn'tfi-al ; 40). a. 1. Happening aa »
result. 2. Final ; ultimate. 3. Legally, contingent.
B-VtlKta-«ll-t7 (-UT-tj^), n. 1. Contingency; con-
sequence. 2. In phren<dMy, dispotition to note events.
E-yentll-al-ly, o<fr. Finally ; ultimately. [suit. |
B-VOBftn-Ate (-St), v. i. To come out finally ; to re-|
BV«r («v^r), adv. [AS. */r«.] [Contr. e»«r.] 1.
At any time, period, or pofat of time. 2. At all timea ;
alwajrs; forever. 3. Without cessation ; continuallv.
Bv'ar-clJlde (-glSd), n. A swamp or low tract of land
faundated and having patches of high grsss. [ U. 8. ]
Br^er-fflien (-grSn), a. Remaining green in wfater,
as pines, cedars, hemlocks, etc. «-n. An evergreen fdant.
BV'er-lMtlllC (-liHt^ng), a. "L lAsting forever;
immortal; eternal. 2. Continuing indefinitelT ; per-
petual.—n. 1. Eternal duration; eternity. 2. (The)
Ktemal Being; God. 3. A plant whoee dried flowers
keep their form and color. 4. A cloth fabric for sboee,
etr. — BT'er-lMtlnc-ly, adv.
Syn.— EvsRLASTiHo; Etbsval ; immortal; faterml-
nable ; endless ; n(>vpr-endins: ; inflnit'* : unceasing ; un-
intrntpted ; continual ; umntpnnltt*»d ; facessant. —
i^/4»m/T/ d«not«« 'tAk«»n strictly) without begfanlng orend
I of duration : t^^erlnxlinq^ in modern usage, is confined to
1 the future, and implies no fatermission as well as no end.
ft, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, 6, 1, 6, a, ^, short ; senAte, «vent, Idea, 6bey, Unite, cAre, Knn, Ask, «I1, finoL
EVERMORE
205
EXCEEDINGLY
b mdlvidnalscompoaine
t in Kivins leas proml-
ridu&L Each reliite* to
TtW'm'mmn^9r%t'mJiT')tadv, During eternity; alwaji.
Bf'cr-y {jt^fir-f), a, A a, prm, lAS, tifre ever +
mie Mob. J lach one of ft wlioU.
Syn. — BmBT: Each; Ajxy. — Any denotes one, or
aome, taken indinerentbr from tlie tndn " '
» clMS. Every dilfert from each ii
nanoe to tlie eelecticni of ttie individi
two or more IndiridualB of h clue. It refers definitely to
€venf one of them, denoting that tbey are ooneidered aep-
_ ... ., ^^^^ ^y ^^^ ^ being included. Every relates to
than two and imports tliat not one is excepted.
Bf'OT-y-lMdlr (-bOd^y), n. Every person. [usuaLI
Bftr-y-dcr (-<ttOt o. Used or it tat every day ;|
Bf'tr-f-oaf (-wttn"). n. Everybody.
~ '"" " (-thing'), n. Whiitever pertains to
Bf^gr-y-tUar ,
Ike ■al4eot under consideration : all things.
Bf'gr^-WlMn' (-hwtr'), adv. In every phMse; in
nUplaoee; in every jwrt; tboroi^ily; altogether.
gfiaMwy^ ^vs'drSp'), V. i. To eavesdrop.
B-VlOl^ (f-vTktO, V. t. [L. erMeere, «ri<;/t(m.] To
dispossees t^ Judicial process : to eject. — B-TlotlOII, n.
BfMtOM (Sv^-dras), n. [F. ; L. evidentia.^ 1. That
which makes evident or tends to furnish proof ; ground
of boUef. 2. Legal means of ascertaining the truth of
any alleged matter of fact. — v. t. To prove.
Syn.— Testimony; proof. See Tbbtimoiit.
Brl-daat (-dent), a. [V. ; L. evident, -entU ; 0 out +
WdeM, p. pr. of videre to see.1 Olear to the vision ; clear
to the understanding, and satisfactory to the Judgment.
Syn.— Plain: cloir; obvious; visible; apparent; con-
olasive ; indubitable ; notorious. Bee Maitvbst.
Wwtk (S^vl), a. [A8. v/M.] 1. Having natural or
nioral qualities tending to Injury and mischief. 2. Mor-
ally corrupt. 8. Producing or threatening sorrow or
calamity. — ■ n. 1. Injunr ; harm ; opp. to good, 2.
Moral badness. — adv. Not weU ; iU ; badly ; unkindly.
Syn*— Mischievous: hurtful; wicked; sfaiful; bad;
corrupt ; perverse ; wrong ; vicious ; calamitous.
B-TfatM' (l-vTnsOt V. t. [L. erincere to succeed in
proving ; e out. quite -f vineere to vanquish.] To show
clearly ; to evidence. — B-TlB'Ol-Vto, a.— B-Tln'otTa, a.
B-m'Otr-at* (•vls'dSr-it), v. t. TL. evitoerare, -aium^
to eviscerate ; e -h tUcera the bowdsj To take out the
antrails of ; to disembowel ; to gut. — B-vte'oag-a^tkMI, n.
B-Wk*' (-▼8k')f V. t. [L. evoeare ; « + voeare to call,
fr. vox, voew, voioe.1 To call out ; to summon forth.
B^04ato (Sv^-lnt), n. [L. evolvere, evolutum. Bee
SroLva.] A gemnetrieal curve from which another <mrve
(the tiwohUe or evolvent) is described by
the end of a thread gradually wound upon
the former, or unwound from it.
Bro-taHMI («v/ft-15'shiin), a. 1. An
evolving, nnf ololng, or unrolling;
growth; development. 2. Series of
thiiuis unfolded. 3. Extraction of arith-
metioal or alaebraic roote ; — reverae of
invohiHon, 4. Prescribed movement of . ^^ - '
a body of troops, ships, eto. ; maneuver. iYiK^v^lV
S. (o) Phyaiological^rooess by which tn^^^
a living organism acquires ito individual
character; progressive growth or development, (ft) That
tbeorr of generation which supposes the germ to pre-
exist in the parent, and ito parte to be developed, but not
formed, by the procreative act; — opp. to epigenetit. —
Bro4«llnHd, BTo-lttttoiMMy, a.
B-TOlTt' (t-vmvQ, V. t. [L. evUvere; e + volvere to
rolLI 1. To unfold or unroll ; to open and expand ; to
develop. 2. To throw out ; to emit. ^v. i. To become
open, disclosed, or developed. — B-TOlTO'llMlIt, n.
B-TOiytBt (rv9Kvent), n. [L. evolvent, -entU, p. pr.
of evalvere.'] The involute of a curve. Bee Evolutb.
Bw* (3), a. [AS. edwn ; akin to L. ovi». Or. otc, sheep.]
The female of the sheep and sheeplike animals.
Bw^«r (vf%r\ n. [OF. ; L. aquariut water carrier, f r.
oqma water.] A wide-mouthed piteher or Jug.
Bl-M/tr-bito (^gs^to'Sr-blt), v. U [L. eeooartore,
•hcUum; ex out (hitena.) -f- acerbare to imbittar.] To
irritete ; to exasperate (paadona or a disease).
BE<«0'«r>l)atiOll, a. 1* A rendering mora violent or
malignant. 2. Periodical increase of violence in disease.
Be-AOI' (-ttt'), a. [L. extictu* precise, accurate, p. p. of
exiftere to drive out, demand, measure ; ex out + agere
to drive.] 1. Precisely agreeing with a standard, fact, or
truth ; correct ; precise. 2. Accurate ; methodlcaL 3.
Precisely or definitely conceived or stated ; strict.
Syn. — Correct ; precise ; nice ; careful. Bee Aocukati.
— V. f. To require as a right; to enforce payment or
yielding of ; to wrest (a fee or reward) when none is due.
Bs-aotkm (-Ik'shfin), n. 1. A demanding authorita-
tively, and compelling to pay or vield ; extortion. 2.
Fee, reward, or contribution, levied severely or unjustly.
BE-AOli-taa« (-Xkta-tiXd). BE-Mt'kieni, n. 1. Accu-
racy; nicety; precision. 2. Observance of method;
conformity to truth.
Bl-ftotly, adv. In an exact manner ; predsely.
BE-AOt'or(-2r),n. [L.] One who exacte by luithority
or right ; an extortioner ; one severe in demands.
Bs-ACctr-at« (-U^r-St), v. t. [L. exaggerare^ -alum ;
ez-^ agger heap i ad to -^gerere to bewr.} To amplify;
overstatement. 2. A representation, in painting, of things
beyond their natural beauty, power, vigor, eto.
E>-«lt' (-ftl^kv- <• [L- exaUare; ex out (intens.) +
aUut hlgh.1 1. To raise high ; to lift up. 2. To elevate in
rank, dignity, power, wealth, ete. ; to promote. 3. To
magnify ; to extol ; to glorifv. 4. To lift up with toy,
pride, or success ; to el^. 6. To elevate the tone of (the
'oice or a musical instrument). —Bx'al-tatlOll, n.
Bl-am'l-llA'tloll (-«m/T-nyshlin), n. 1. An ex
ing or being examined. 2. A testing qualification.
Syn. — Search ; inquiry : investigation : research ; scru-
tiny ; inquisition ; iiMpectlon ; exploration.
Bz*Alll1ll0 (-Tn), r. /. [L. examinare, -atutn, fr. er-
amen, -aminit, tongue of a balance, examination, fr. ex-
igere to weigh accurately. See Exact.1 1. To inspect
carefully. 2. To interrogate. — Bl-amill-fr, n.
Syn. — To search into ; investigate. See Dncvss.
BK-MOfjAid (-Km'pM), n. [Later form for ensample, fr.
L. exemplum, orig., what is taken out of a larger quan-
tity as a sample, fr. extmere to take out] 1. One or a
rrtion taken to show the quality of the whole ; sample.
A pattern ; precedent ; modeL 3. Something to be
avoided ; a warning. 4. An instance illustrating a rule or
precept ; problem to be solved, or case to be determined.
Syn. — ExAMpLB ; IvsTAzrcs ; precedent ; case. — An in-
etance denotes the single case then *' standing " before
us. An erample is one of an entire dass of like things,
and should be a true representative or eample of that class.
Bl-AS'par-Att (-Xe'pSr-it), V. /. [h, exasperare, -iUum^
to roughen ; ex out (intens.) -f- atper rough.] 1. To
enrage. 2. To make more erievous ; to aggravate.
Srn. — To irritate ; provoke. Bee Ibrttatb.
BK-t^pm-tLtban, n. 1. An exasperating, or behig
exasperated ; bitter anger. 2. Increase of violence.
Bx'GA-Tftta (Sks'ki-vit), V. t. [L. excavare, -vatum ;
ex out 4- eavare to hollow, eavut hollow.] 1. To hoUow
out ; to form a cavity in, by cutting, scooping, or dig-
ging. 2. To shape (anythhig hollow). 3. To dig out aiM
remove (earth, ete.). — Bl'OA-va'tor, n.
BE^Oft-TfttkUk, n. 1. An excavating. Or making hoi*
low by cutting, scooping, or digging out part of a aoUd
maw. 2. Cavity formed by cutting or scooping.
EE-oeod' (fik-sSdO, v.t. & i. [Lfc excedere, -eeetwm ;
ex + eedere to go, pass.] To go beyond ; to outgo.
Syn. —To outdo ; surpass ; excel ; transcend ; overtop.
ibl-ooodlnc, a. More thsn usual ; extraordinary.
EE-Ooodlnc-ly, adv. To a very great degraa; anr*
passingly. It signifies more ttuui very.
fCm, reo«nt, teb, r^de, f^ Urn, food, fo^ot, out, oU, oludr, bo, sins, iQk, then, ttaia.
EXCEL
206
EXCULPATE
Bl-Otl' QSk-tXl^, P.tAL [L. exeeilere, -oOsum ; ex
-f loot of eulmen top.] To go beyoud, mirpaam or outdo.
Bx'Otl-lMMM (6k*iiSi-\en»}, n. 1. The being exceUeut ;
exalted merit. 2. Au exceUent quality ; a virtue.
Sjm. — Superiority ; preeminence ; perfection ; worth.
BMfOti-lnraf i-len-^), n. 1. Excellence. 2. A UUe
of honor for certain hisii dignitaries.
Bx'Otl^MIt, a. [F.l Excelling; of great worth;
eminent.— EE'otf-ltnt-ly, adv.
Syn. — Worthy ; choice ; prime ; Taloable ; select ; ex-
quisite; transcendent: admirable: worthy.
II EE-oel'Bl-or (-sSlM-dr), a. [L.. compar. of exeeUu*
elevated, lofty, p. p. of excellere.} More lofty; still
Higher.— n. Stuffing for upholstered furniture, being
curled shreds of wood Instead of hair.
Bl-Mpt' (-ifiptOt V. I. [L. excipere, -ceptum^ to take
out, to except ; ex -{- capere to takis.] To take or leave
out (auvthinig) from a number or a whole ; to exclude. —
V. i. To take exception ; to object, ^^prep. With exclu-
sion of ; leaving or left out ; excepting, •^eanj. Unless.
Syn. -'BxcsPT ; Excspmro ; Bur ; Satb : Bssidbs. —
Bzoepting, except^ ftu/, and save are excludve. Except
marks exclusion more pointedly. Excepting is the same
as except, but less used. Save u chiefly found in poetry.
HMrCUpttngtprep.Aetmj.f prop, t^ participle. Except.
EE-MpHoa (-■fip'shttn), n. 1. An exceptinc or ex-
cluding. 2. That which is taken out from others; a
person, thing, or case, qiecifled as not included. 3. Ob-
jection; dissent. [tionable. I
Bl-oeptioa-A-bl*, a. Liable to exception; objec-|
Bl-OOptUm-Al (-ol), a. Forming an exception ; un-
common; rare; superior. [exception.!
EE-oeptlT« (-septnr V), a. That excepts ; hidudhig an |
EE-Mpf ar (-3r), n. [L.] One who takes exceptions.
EE-oerpf (-sJrpf), V. t. f L. excerpere, -cerptum / ex -f-
earpere to pick, gather. ] To select ; to extract ; to quote.
— n. An extract ; passage copied. — El-OCrp^tOT, n.
Ee-OOM' (-sSs'), n. [OE.. ecstasy ; L. excessus, fr. ex-
eedere^ -cessum^ to go beyond.] 1. A surpassing or going
beyond limits; superfluity; extravagance. 2. Undue
indulgence of appetite ; intemperance; dissipation. 3.
Amount by which one thing exceeds another ; remainder.
EE-OMSlTe (-sSsTv), a. Characterised by, or exhib-
iting, excess ; overmuch. — EE-oeMlT»-ly, adv.
Sjn. — Undue ; exorbitant ; extreme. See Ekormous.
BK-Hlhantt^ (Sks^hinf). n. [OF. f^hange^ it. et-
ehanffier to exchange ; ex--\-F. changer. See Chanob.]
1. A giving or taking one thing in return for something
equivalent. 2. A substituting one thing in the place of
another; a giving and receiving reciprocally. 3. Thing
given or received in return ; a publication exchanged for
another. 4. A settling accounts between parties at a dis-
tance from each other, without intervention of money,
by exchanging orders or drafts, called biilg of exchange ;
— abbr. into exchange. 6. Place where merchants and
bankers meet, to transnct business ; — oontr. to ^Change.
Syn. — Barter; dealing; trade; traffic; interchange,
•-r. /. 1. To give or take in return for an equivalent.
2. To lay aside or resign (receiving something in place
of the thing parted with). 3. To give and receive recip-
rocally (like things). — v. i. To pass in exchanire.
Syn. — To barter ; bargain ; truck ; swap ; traffic.
U-dUUin'A-iae, a. l. Capable of being exchanged ;
fit to be exchanged. 2. Available for making exchanges ;
raUble. — EE-dUUUIO^A-liai-ty, n.
EE-Ch«q'll«r (-oh«k'8r), n. [OF. esrhekier, fr. LL.
tcacearinm. See Chkck.] 1. An English superior court
of law ; — named f r. a checkered cloth covering the table.
2. The Englinh governmental department in charge of the
revenue. H<»nce. t)ie treasury ; pecuniary possessions.
EE-dM' (Bk-«z'), n. {h. exciJhtm cut off, fr. exHdcre ;
ex -f- eaedere to cut.] 1. An inland duty levied upon
certain specified articles. Often used adjectively. 2. De-
partment of the British public service which collects ex-
cise taxes. — r. /. To impose an excise upon.
BE-dM^ (Kk-OtT^t V. t. [L. excidere, -eitum; es +
eaedere.] I^ cut out or oil ; to separate and remove.
bz-dst'llUUI (-man), n. Collector of excise duty.
Bs-tt'UOn (-sTsh^&n), n. 1. An excising or cutting
out or off ; extirpation ; destruction. 3. A cutting off
from the church ; excommunication. 3. A surgical re-
moval (of small parts) with a cutting instrument.
Bl-df a-bl« (-aifA-bM), a. Capable of being excited ;
eaaiiy stimulated. — Bl-CtT A-Ull-ty (-bllOf-tj^), n.
EE-OtfABt (-slt'ont), a. Tending to exdte ; exciting.
— n. A stimulant.
EE'd-Utioll (Sk^sT-trshfin), n. 1. An exciting or
putthig in motion. 2. Physidogical excitement.
EE-«lt*' (-sif ), V. t. [L. exeitare ; ex-\- citare to rouse.
See Cm.! 1. To call to activity ; to Idndle ; to stir up.
2. To call forth the vital activity of an organism.
Syn. — To Bxcm ; Iwcm; awaken ; animate ; noMe ;
stimulate ; irritate ; provoke.— When we excite we rouse
into action feelings which were less strong ; when we in^
cite we urge forward to a specific act or end.
Bs-cfttt^flllt, n. 1. An exciting, or being roused into
action ; agitation. 2. That which moves or induoea aiv
tion. 3. State of increased vital activity.
HMrtUdmf (-klam'), v. t. & i, [L. exdamare^ -wio-
turn ; ex-^damare to cry out.] To cry out ; to protest.
Bs'oU-lllAtlon, R. 1. A loud calling; outcry;
sudden expreMion of surprise, pain, joy, anger, etc. 2.
A word expressing outcnr ; interjection. 8. A sign in
printing, to mark emphatic utterance ; thus [!].
HMrWanftL-tllWt (8ks-klXm'4-tTv), Bl-€laill'A-tlM7
(-t^-rj^), a. Containing, expr^sing, or using exclamation.
(-^ry),
Bl-ttl
(-klSdQ. V. t. [L. exdudere^ -dtuitm;
-j- daudere to •butj 1. To shut out ; to except ; —
opp. to admit. 2. To thrust out or eject ; to expd.
Bz-dn'Stan (-klQ'shfin), n. 1. An excluding; rejeo>
tion ; prohibition ; state of being excluded. 2. The eject-
\ fetus or an egg from the womb. 3. Thing emitted.
[-oln'llT^ (-sTin, a. 1. Able to prevent entrance ;
ing a fetus or an egg from the womb. 3. Thing emitted.
Ez-olll'AiT6 (-sTin, a. 1. Able to prevent entrance ;
possessed to the exclusion of others. 2. Excluding from
consideration ; — opp. to indtuive. — n. One of a coterie
who exclude others. — Bl-€lll'd¥e-lyt ocff . — Bz-OlS'-
■i¥e-iiMHi, n. — Ei-oln'io-ry, a.
El-OOCl-tato (-k5j>T-tit), V. t. [L. exeogUare, -tatum ;
ex -j- eogUare to think.] To think out ; to discover by
thinking ; to contrive. — El-OOfl-U'tlMl, n.
El'OOm-ailllll-lUlto (SkVkSm-mu'nT-ktt), a. [L. ex-
eomiMtnicare^ -catumy to excommunicate ; ex -{- commu^
nicffff.] Excommunicated; interdicted from church
rites. — n. One excommunicated. — r. /. 1. To out off
from communion with the church, by eccleaiastical een-
tence. 2. To interdict.— Ex'oom-llllllll-lul-M*, A. —
Ei'oom-iira'iil-oAtion, n. — Bs^oom-mnlii-oft'tor, «.
Bl-«0^4lte (-kS'rT-lt), V. t. [L. exeariare ; ex-\-eo-
rium hidej To strip or wear oil the skin of ; to abnde ;
to gall. — Bs-00'll-«'tllMl, n.
Bl'ore-niMlt (Sks'krt-ment) , n. [L. exerementumf fr.
excemere^ -creium^ to sift out, discharge.] Matter ex-
creted and ejected; dung; ordure. — Ez'(irt4lieB'Ud«
Ez^ort-iiMii-ti'tioiis (-tT^/Os), a.
Ez-OTM^oenoe (-kres'sens), n. [F.] An excrescent
appendage, as a wart or tiimor ; troublesome superfluity.
El-OTM'oeilt (-arat), a. [L. excrescent, -entis, p. pr.
of excrescere to grow out ; ex -j- crescere to grow.] Grow-
inff out in an abnormal manner or as a superfluity.
Kxersscent Isttsr, a letter which has been added to a
root : as, the d in alder (AS. air) is an excrescent letter.
El-arete' (-krSt), v. t. [L. excemere^ -cretum^ to dis-
charge ; ex -{- eemere to sift, separate.] To separate and
throw off; to discharge from the body as uaeleM; to
eject — Ei-cro'tloii, n. — Ez-fa«'ttTe, Ei-onlo-ry, a.
El-oni'ol-Ate (-krn'shT-lt), V. t. [L. excruciare,
-atum; ex -\- cruciare to crucify, to torment.] To In-
flict agonising pain upon. — El-oni'Ol-Atklll, n.
El-onl'pato (-kai'pit), v. t. [L. ex + evXpare, -patum.
ft, •, 1, 5, a, long ) A, i, 1, 5| «f t, aborl I Mnite, ivMt, f dea, 6b«y, ftaifea, o4ra, Mm, Aak, §12, flB«L
EXCULPATION
207
EXHAUSTIVELY
to blame, enipa fanlt.] To clear from alleged (niUt ; to
acquit. — Ereol-pa'tlon (Ska'k&l-pi'slifiu), ».— BE-
ed'pft-to-ry (-kfii'S-ti.ry), a.
Syn.— To exonerate; abeolve; clear; acquit; justify.
EEHmr'stall (8k»-ktlr'ahQi)), n. [L. tixcursiOt f r. exeur-
rere, excttrncm, to run out ; ex -f- currere to run.] 1. A
running or going out or forth ; an expedition ; a tally.
2. A Journey for recreation. 3. A wandering from a
sub^ ; digrearion. — Bl-^WBloil-lst, n. >- EE-eoi^-
mmy a. ->b-«iir'shr»-ly, adv. — EE-onr'stvo-neMt n.
8yn. — Journey ; tour ; ramble ; jaunt. See Jouekbt.
Bl-OOM' (-knzOf V' f- [OF. e*cu*er^ exauer^ fr. L.
exeusare; ez -f- causa cause, catuari to plead.] 1. To
free from accusation or imputation of blame ; to justify
by extenuating a fault; to acquit. 2. To pardon (a
faolt) ; to fori^Te entirely, or overlook. 3. To regard
with indulgence. 4. To free from obligation or duty ;
to dinpense with ; not to exact. 6. To relieve of an im-
putation by apology or defense ; to ask pardon or indul-
gence for. — Bs-aii'A-ble, a. — EE-ons'a-to-nr, a.
Syn.— To Pardoit; Exccsb; Foroivb; vindicate; ex-
culpate ; absfrfve ; acquit. — A superior pardons as an act
of mercy or j^nerosity ; either a superior or an equal ex-
cuses. A crime or grave offense may be pardoned; a
small fault may be excused. Forgive relates to otfenses
•gainst one's self, and denotes that the feeling of resent-
ment is extinguished and punishment foregone. Pardon
ia also a word of courtesy employed in the sense of excuse.
Bs-OOM' (-kusO, n. 1. An excusing, apologising, ex-
culpating, pardoning, etc. ; acquittal, at Reason for
being excused : apology. 3. That which excuses a fault.
8ra.— Justification ; extenuation. — See Apoloot.
V«-ora-1lU (8ksi^-krA-b*l), a. Deeervhng to be exe-
crated ; accursed ; detestable. — Bl'«-€im-1lly« adv.
Bl^«-orata (-krSt), V. U [L. execrare^ exsecrare^
•cratum^ to execn^ ; ex -|- Mcer sacred.] To denounce
evil against ; to curse ; to abominate.
EMf-ixnftta% n. 1. A cursing ; utter detestation ex-
pressed. 2. That which is execrated ; a detested thing.
Syn* — Bee lUijnnonoir.
Bl-^O^-tant (egs-dk'd-tant), n. One who executes
or performs; a performer on a mosioal Instrument.
Bl'e-eilta (Sks^-kut), v. t. [F. exicuter, L. exsequi,
"Seeutus, to pursue ; ex -fsequi to follow. 1 1. To follow
out to the end ; to finish ; to perform. 2. To complete
(a legal instrument^ ; to give validity to (a deed, lease,
mortgage, will, etc.) by signing and perhaps sealing and
d^vering (it). 3. To put to death in conformity to a
Hrn, — To effect ; finish ; complete. See Accomplish.
BMf^-in'tni R. One who performs. See Exbcutob.
Bb^A-CHHiMI, ». 1. An executing ; a carrying into
effect; performance; consummation. 2. A puttmg to
death as a legal penalty. 3. The performing a work of
art, perfonning on an instrument, etc. 4. {aS The carry-
ing into effect the judgment of a court of law. (5) A
indlcial writ empowering an officer to carry a judgment
Into effect ; final process, (c) The signing, sealin
delivering a legal instrument, or giving it validity.
Ex^O-tNltlOII-er, n. 1. One who executes ; an exeouter.
2. One who puts to death l^ legal warrant.
EE-«yn-ttT» (Sgz^OE'll-tTv), a. Designed or fitted for
execution, or carrying into effect ; pert, to the conduct
of affairs. •- n. A chief magistrate or officer who admin-
isters the government ; the governing person or body.
Bl-60^-tor (87s-^^tt-t8r or fika- ; fiks^-ku^tSr in sense
1), H. [L.] 1. One who executes or performs ; a doer.
2. One appointed by a testiitor to execute his will after
hia decease. — Bl-60^treM, EE-60'U-trlz, n. /.
EE-60^tO-I7 (-Sktl-t^-rj^), a. 1. Executive 2. De-
rigned to take effect on a future onntlnirency.
EMf-n^tiB (»k8'«-j5'«T«), n. [Gr. rf^Tyvri?, fr. itnytl-
96m to Interpret.] Exposition; critical exnlanatiou of
Scripture. — Bl'e-«^'io (-j«tmt), Bl'o-fet'lo-al, a.
Bx'^-fM* (Sks^jSt), n. One skilled in exegesis.
Ero-ff«tlM (ekV^taks), n. science of interpreta-
tiou or exesesis. — BX't-fe'tWt (-jS'tTbt), n.
Bs-em'iuar (6gx-8m'pl9r),fi. [L. See Sxamplb.] A
model or pattern to be unitated ; a specimen.
Bl'em-nUHT (figz'Sm-plt-rj^), a. [L. exemplarisy fr.
exemplar.^ 1. Serving as a pattern ; deservmg imita*
tion ; commendable. 2. Serving as a warning ; monitory.
EE-«lll'BU-tl-Mti0ll («gs-em/plI.n-kS^8hfin), n. 1
An exemplifying ; a showing by example. 2. That which
exemplifies ; example. 3. A copy legally attested.
EE-MD'pli-ty (-fi), V. t. [L. exempTum example -f -/y.]
1. To show or illustrate bv example. 2. To transcribe.
3. To prove by an attested copy.
Bl-«mpf (-^mf), a. [F. ; L. eximere^ -empium^ to
remove, free; ex -f- emere to buy, take.] Free, or re-
leased, from some liability; clear; not liable to. •>».
One exempted from duty. •- v. t. To release from some
liability whicii others are subject to ; to free from obliga-
tion. — Es-tmpfl-ldA, a. — fix-doiptloii, n.
II EE'«-qiU't1ir (6ks/t-kwi'tGr), n. [L., let him per^
form.] 1. Official recognition of a consul or commercial
agent. 2. Officialpermission.
Bx'cr-olae (tSks^r-sis), n. [F. exereice, L. exereitiutn,
fr. exerceref -ct/um, to drive on, keep buqr ; ex -j- arcere
to inclose.] 1. An exercising ; a setting in action ; ex-
ertion ; use ; habitual activi^ ; practice. 2. Exertion
for training or improvement, whether physical, intel-
lectual, or moraL 3. Performance of an office, ceremony,
or religious duty. 4. A disquisition ; lesson ; tadc. --r. t.
1. To set in action ; to school or train ; to busy. 2. To
task ; to afflict. 3. To put in practice ; to perform the
duties of ; to use. — v. i. To exercise one's self ; to driU.
EE-ergne' (Sgs-Srg' or eks-), n. [F., fr. Or. ii out -f-
ipyoy work ; i. e., accessory work.] Space on a oohi or
medal containing the date, place, engraver's name, etc.
EE-ert' (5g«-8rf]), v. t. [L. exerere^ exserere^ -ertum^
to tlirust out ; ex -f serere to join together.] 1. To put
forth (strength, force, ability, etc.); toput in vigorous
action. 2. To bring to bear ; to do. — U-er^Uoo, n.
Syn. — Endeavor ; effort ; essay ; trial. See Attempt.
II Bx'e-Qllt (fiks^&nt). [L., 3d pers. pi. pres. of exirt
to go out.] They go out, or retire from the scene.
Bs-foOtate (-fS'lT-it), v. «. & t. [L. exfoHare to strip
of leaves ; ez -f folium leaf.] 1. To separate in scales
or lamiiue, as pieces of carious bone or of bark. 2. To
spl it into scales. — Bl-foil-atlon, n. [or evaporated. I
BE-hal'A-Vto (-hSl'i-b'l), a. Capable of being exhaled
Bl'lia-la'ttoll (Sks^h^-IS'shfiu or «g<'4-), n. 1. An
exhaling, or sending forth in the form of steam or vapor ;
evaporation. 2. That which is exhaled ; effluvium ; em-
an<ition. 3. A bright phenomenon ; a meteor.
BH-mao' («kii-hEK or «gs.El'), v. t. [L. exhalare ; ex
•f halare to breathe. Cf. Inhalb.1 1. To breathe out ;
to emit (vapor) ; to send out (an odor) ; to evaporate. 2.
To draw out ; to cause to be emitted in vapor.— r. i. To
rise or be given off, as vapor ; to pass off, or vanish.
Bl-hanst' (8gs-ftstO» «'• '• [L* exhaurire^ -haustum ;
ex -+- haurire to draw, esp. water.! 1. To draw or let
out wholly : to drain off completely* 2. To empty by
drawing out the contents. 3. To use or expend till the
supply comes to an end ; to deprive of strength ; to use
up. 4. To develop completely ; to discuss thoroughly.
Syn. — To spend ; consume ; tire out ; weary.
— a. 1. Drained; exhausted of energy. 2. Pertaining
to steam, air, gas, etc., released from the cylinder of an
engine after having performed its work.— n. 1. Steam
let out of a cylinder of an engine. 2. Foul air let oat
of a room through a register, etc. — BE-lui1llrt'«r, n, —
BE-lMnst'i-lilll-tv, n. — Bi-hanstl-bla, a.
BE-haiU'tioil (-fts'chQn). n. 1. A drawing out or
emptving of contents. 2. State of being exhausted or
emptied, or of being deprived of strength or spirits.
BE-liailStlve (-f^t^Tv), a. Serving to exhuust ; exhib-
iting all the facts or argumenta. — BE-lumsftTe-ly, adv.
fSni, recmt, teb| ryde, fyll, Am, food, fdbt, out, oil, cliair, go* >^Si i||k, tbea, thin.
EXHAUSTLES8
208
EXPEDIENTLY
Bl-haiMtaen (figt-i^nU), a, inexhaustible.
Bs-mtKIt (<gz-Tu/tt or Slu-blt/Tt), r. t. [L. exhibere,
•hibitum ; ex + habere to have or hold.] 1. To hold
forth to view ; to diaphiy' 2. To submit (a document)
to a court ; to offer offloially or in legal form ; to bring
(a charge). 3. To administer as a remedy.— n. 1. Any-
thing displayed to view. 2. A document identified in
court for use as evidence. — Bl-bUllt-lTtt Bz-lUb'it-
0^, a. -Bl-hlblt-«r, Bl-hlbOt-or, n.
ai'hl-Mttoll (flks'hT-blsh'fiu), n. 1. An exhibiting
for inspection ; manifestation. 2. That wiiich is exhib-
ited ; display of works of art, feats of skill, oratorical
or dramatic ability, etc
EE-kll'A-rat« (Sgs.Tl'4-rSt), v. t. [L. exAOarart, ^a-
tum^ to gladden ; e* -f~ hUari* merry.] To make merry
or JoUyj to enliven ; to cheer. — Bs-Wl^A-nilt, a.& n,
igtli
BZ-Hort' (6gx-6iV), v.L&i. [L. exhortari, -taiu* ; ex
I-Bll'ft-im'ttoll. R. 1. An exhilarating, or enliven-
in^the si^lfiU; a gladdening. 2. The being enlivened.
-f- kofiari to encourage. Bee Hobtattvi.] To incite by
words or advice; to animate; to advise, warn, or caution.
—EE-liot^-ttve, EE-hm^-to-rf , a. — EE-lioct'«r, n.
BX'llor-tA'Cloa(iki»'h5r-ti'8hiin),n. 1. An exhorting;
incitement to good actions. 2. Adrioe ; admonition.
Ee-Iiiibm' (eks-hSm'), v. t. [LL. exhumnre^ -alum ;
L. «x -f- humus ground, soil.] To dig out of the ground ;
to disinter. —Ex^lm-IIUHion, n.
Bll-geBOt (nts'T-jens), n. [F.] Exigency.
BEl-gW-Of (-Jen-i^), n. ILL. exigentia.} The being
exigent ; urgent want ; need.
Sjm. — Draiand ; urgency ; distress ; pressure ; crisis.
Bsl-nnt (-jent), a. [L. exigfns.-entis^ p. pr. of exi-
j^fTf to drive out or forth, exact.] Pressing ; critical.
Eslls (8ks^), n. [L. exilium^ ersUinm. It. exsul one
banished ; ex -j- tolnm grotmd, land.] 1. Forced separa-
tion from one's native country ; banishment. 2. One
expelled from his country, —v. t. To banish or expel ;
to drive away.
Syn. — Bee Bahtsh.
BK-imV (Sgs-Ist'), V. i, [L. existere^ exsistere, to step
out or forth, appear, exist ; ex -f- *i»tere to cause to
•tuid, fr. stnre to stand.] 1. To be ; to have actual
being. 2. To be manifest ; to continue to he. 3. To
live ; to hare the functions of vitality. — Bz-lst'«lt, a.
Srn. — BeeBi.
wi-4flt'eilM, n. 1. An existing or being; continu-
ance in bei^. 2. Occurrence. 3. A creature ; entity.
II Exit (SksTt). [L., 3d pers. sing. pres. of exire to
go out.] He (or she) goes out.— n. 1. Departure of a
player from the stage, after performing his part. 2.
Any departure ; death. 3. Way of departure ; egress.
VMffHmrp (8k»'*-kiirp), n. [pro- + Or. irapir^ fruit.]
Outer portion of a fruit. Bee Tiitut. of Drupb.
Bl^Chdns (-dtts), n. [L., book of Exodus, Gr. c^oSov a
going out ; i( -f- WW* way.] 1. A going o«t ; esp., the Jour-
ney of the Israelites from Egjrpt under Hnees ; tmy large
migration. 2. The second book of the Old Te^wment,
narmting the departure of the Israelites from Egypt.
Bz'O-fmi (-JSn), n. [Exo- -f -gen.] A plant of one
of tlie great primary classes of the vegetable kingdom,
which has distinct wood, bark, and pith, the wood lying
between the other two, and increasing, if at all, by an-
nual addition of a new layer to the oiitflide next to the
bark. Cf. EwDOonr. — Ex-0ff'«-ll0as (Sks-ejt-nRs), a.
BX-<m'«r4lt« (Sgs-Sn'Sr-Rt), r. t. [L. exonemre^ -^tum^
to free from a burden ; ex 4- otterare to load, onus load.]
1. To relieve of (a charge, obligation, or load nf blame) ;
to clear of (an aoonsation or imputation). 2. To dis-
charge from duty or obligation. —Bx-OII'er-atl<m, n.
Syn. — To absidve ; acquit; exculpate. Bee Absoltb.
Bx'O-ffa-ttto (Wce^-rA-b'l), a. [h. exorabilis^ fr. ez-
ornre to gain oy entreaty ; ex -}- ornre to pray.] Ca-
pahle of being moved by entreaty ; pitiful ; tender.
d-OfnM-tUlt (Sgs-dr'bT-tmit), n. [L. exorbitaM, -tan-
tU; e*-\- orbita track. Bee Obbit.] Departing from tlM
usual course or established limite of propriety ; excessive ;
extravagant; inordmate. — BX-arnHrtftBl-ly, adv, —
Bs-ovOil-Uaoe, £s-«rnA-UB-€f , n.
Ex'«r-«lM (ikt/6r-sis), v. t. [Or. ifopxi^w; i$ -}-
opKot oath.] 1. To oast out (a devil, evil spirlu, etc) l^
coti juration. 2. Todellverfrom evil influence.— Bs'Or-
a'Mr, Sx'or-ctet, ».— Bx'or-GinB,».
Bx-or'ai-lim («gz-8r'dl-&m), n. (l., fr. ex -f ordM
to begin.]^ A bMriuuing ; introductory part of a compo>
aition. - BS-or'tt^l, a.
ItBro-fUl'ia (Ocs'ft.rl'c*), n. [NL., fr. Or. l^m -f
pt^ root.] A plant whose radicle is not inclosed by the
oo^ledons or plumule.
Bro-tfrOo (tSrOTk), ) a. [Or. i^trvpur^, fr. I|».]
BX'O-tar'kMa (-T-kal), ( External ; public ; — opp. to
esoteriCy or secn^t. — Ex'O-tMr'l-olmi (T-tTs*m), n,
Bs-Ot^(«fz-dtnrk),a. [Or. J^.Tuc^, fr. 1^.] Intro-
duced from abroad ; extraneous. «- n. Anything <rf for-
eign origin, as a plant, word, custom.— Ex-otl-aai, n.
Bx-fNllia' (Sks-pind'), v.t.Ai, [L. emnderei -ptm-
sum ; ex ■\- pnndere to q)read out] 1. To open by ex-
tending ; to spread out ; to diffuse. 2. To sin«ad so as
to occupy more space ; to dilate ; to distend ; to enlarge ;
— opp. to contract. 3. To develop (an equation, etc. ).
" ' (-pins'), n. [L. expanmSy p. p. of expim-
dere."] Bomething expanded ; tite arch of the sky.
Ex-p«B'll-VtoT-pbi'»T-bn). Es-pui'dlt (-iTl), d
pable of being expanded. — Ex-ptn'lt-llU'i-ty, n.
. n. 1. An expanding ; dilation ; dia>
tention ; enlargement. 2. Expanse ; extended surface.
3. Space through which anything Is expanded ; pure
space. 4. Extension of bustnesa transactions ; incnwae
ol the circulation of bank notes. S. Developed reault
of an indicated matbematioal operation.
Ex-pui'sl¥e (-sTv), a. Able or tending to expand or
dilate: wide-extending.— Ex-pan'
II Er ptr'to (Sks" par'tl). ClT Bee Ex-, and Pabt.]
Upon or from one side only ; , .
•it), V. i, [L. expoHariy -atut ;
onfr^ded; partial.
^•Pft^-«te (-pi'shT-it\ V. i. [L. expaHari.
ex -f- spatiari to spread out, fr. gpatium space.] 1. To
range at Urge. 2. To enlarge in discourse or wmlng ; to
descant. — Bz-pft'ti-A'tlOll, n. — jSz-patl-ft'tOr, n,
Ex-patrt-fttS (-tri-it), r. t. [LL. expairiarey -atum ;
L. ex ^-pairia nstive luid, fr. paler father.] To banish ;
to exile. — Ex-M'trl-atlQIl. n.
EX-paot' (-pektOt t'* t. [L. expectare^ -iatum ; ez +
spectare to look at.] To look forward to (something to
come) ; to anticipate. — EX-pMt'«r, n. — Bx-pMt'IOt,
a. Sin. — Ex-pMt'anM. Ex-ptot'tB-oy, N.
S jn. — To ExpBCT ; THimE ; Bblibvb : Awatt ; antici-
pate ; look for ; hope. — Expect refers to some coming
event. Think and believe refer to the past and present,
as well as the future. We aurait thai which, when it
comes, will affect us personally. See Amticipatb.
Ex'pM-tatiOll, n. 1. An expecting or looking for-
ward to an event as about to happen. 2. Something
looked for. 3. Prospect of the future. 4. Value of a
chance depending up<m some contingent event.
Syn. — Anticipation ; confidence ; trust.
Ex-pMlo-rant (-pSk'tt-r^nt), Ex-paolo-ra-tlTv, o.
Aiding expectoration. «»n. An expectorant medicine.
Ex-pMrtO-imt« (-rSt), v. t.& i. [L. expeetorore; ex
-^ pectus^ -toriSy breast.] To eject from the trachea or
lungs ; to discharge (phlegm, eto.) by coughing and tpit-
tlmr ; to spit forth. — EX-ptCtO-mWO, ».
&-pe'dl-MlM (-pBMT-«ns), \ n. The being expedient ;
Ex-pe'ai-«ll-07(-^-Bj^). I adviaabiUty.
Ex-pe'dlrMlt, a. [L. expediensy -eniis, p. pr. of expe-
dite. Bee ExpBorrB.] Hastening forward; tending to
promote a proposed object ; desirable ; advantageous. —
n. 1. Means to accomplish an end. 2. Means devlaad
in an exigency. — Bx-pe'dl-«Bt-ly, adv.
Syn. — Shift ; contrivance ; resource ; subetitttto.
ft, «, 1, 8, II, long { ft, «, I, ft, O, t> •bort ; senate, dvent, tdea, 6bey, finite, oAie, Urm, Ask, yll, final.
EXPEDITE
^09
EXPOSITION-
Bl1^»4lto(Sk>'k>*-dIt),a. IL, expedite, .ditwn, to 9^
free, nuike ready ; ex + P^t pedis, foot.] 1. Free of
impediment; unimpeded. 2. Kxpeditioui; prompt.—*
9. t, 1. To reliere of impediments ; to facUitftte ; to
addcen. 2. To ditpetch ; to iamie officially. ~ Bs'p*-
EMfpidlfikni'dXtbnhkXn, 1. The being expedite ;
■peed. 2. A aending or aetting forth to execute something.
3. An excursion for ft yaluable end; body of persons
maWng such an excursion.
BrM^tl0OB(-as),a. HaTing expedition, or efficien-
cy and rapidity in action. — Ex'p^^FtlOllS-ly, adv,
Ssm. —Prompt : ready ; qieedy ; alert. See Pbompt.
Bl-pel' (Oca-pOOt V. t [L. expeliere, -puUum ; ex +
p«Uere to driTe.! 1. To drive out; to eject. 2.Tobanish.
Byn.— To exile ; eject ; driTO out. Bee Baitish.
Bl-ptndf (-p8nd'), V. t. [L. expendere. -peruum, to
pay out, Ut out; ex -{-pettdere to weigh.] To lay out
or employ uk any way ; to use up or distribute ; to spend.
Bz-fMM-tW* (-Uttr; 40), n. 1. An expending;
it. 2. Thfttpiddout; expense.
' (opSns^), n. [h. expensa (sc. peeunia), or
, fr. expendere.l 1. A npending or consuming ;
nt; expenditure. 2. Cost; outlay; charge.
BE-p«l'sl¥e (-pSn'sTT), a. Occasioning expense. —
Bs-iMi'shre-lf, o<ftr. — Bs-p«i'idT»-iiMM, n.
Syn.— Costty; high-priced; lavish; extraTSgant.
I (-pyrl-ens). «. FF. ; L. experientia, fr.
it, -en/if, p. pr. of experiri, ^aertiu, to try ; «x -f~
root of periius experienced.] 1. Practical knowledge
gained by observatiqn or triaL 2. Experimental knowl-
edge ; slBll or wisdom gained by personal knowledge or
aetioa. — ■ v. ^ 1. To make praotioal acquaintance with ;
tofeeL 2. To tr^n by practice.
Bs-M'M-tlload(-tfnst), p,p.&, a.Taught by practice ;
•kUlf tU or wise by means of trials, use, or obeerration.
Bs-pol-mtllt (-pSr^-m«nt). n. [L. experimentum,
fr. expeririA A trial or special obsenration, made to
eooflrm or diqnroTe something doubtful ; practical test ;
ptoof. — V. i. To make expraiment ; to operate by test
or triaL — Bs-Mn-atotal, a. — Bz-pflff^maii'tMr , Ee-
ftrt-BiMilaHrt, n. — Bz-pwl-meirba-ly, adv.
Bs-pcrt' (8ks-p8rtO» a, jpP. ; L. expeHH, -perhu, to
try.] Taught by use ; sUllfuL — Es-pcrtly, adv,
Byn. — Adroit ; dexterous ; olerer ; ready ; prompt.
Bl'^crt (Sks^pSrt), n. An expert or experienced per>
MB ; one skilled in anv spedal branch of learning.
BE-pcrflMflS, n. Skill from practice ; readiness.
Syn. — Readiness ; dexterity ; skill. Bee FACiLrrr.
b^M^tt (-pT-it), V. t. [L. expiare, -atum ;ex-\- piare
to seek to appease, to purify, fr. piu» pious.] To make
aattsfaction or expiation for (a crime, guilt, sin, eta). —
Bi'^l-A-Vto. a. — Bil^-tor, n. — Bil^-to^Tf «•
Bs^pl-AtiMl, n. 1. Atonement for any crime or ftalt.
2. Sxpiatory sacrifice or offering.
Brpl-nfllOB (-ri'shfin), n. 1. An expiring : (a) The
breathing out air from the lungs ; — opp. to inspiration,
(6) Kmisaion of vototae matter ; exhalation, (c) The hut
emission of breath; death. (<f) A coming to a close; end.
2. That which is expired ; sotmdmade by breathing out.
Bs-ptr^A-to^T i-^kAt-rf), a. Pertaining to, or em-
plojeoin, expintion of air from the lungs.
Bl-pir*' ("I^'Jf »• '• [!*• expirare, -atum ; ex-\- spi-
rare to breathe.] 1. To breathe out ; to emit from the
famga, mouth, or nostrils in respiration ;— K>pp. to inspire.
> give forth (a fluid or vapor) insensil
hale.~v. i. 1. To emit breath. 2.
bi* braith ; to die. 3. TV> cease; to perish.
. , Ivor gently;
to exhale. ~v. i. 1. To emit breath. 2. To emit the
BE^IT(8ks^T.ryor«c»pi'rj^),n. Expiration.
Bs-plam' (-planOt «• /• [L. aepianare to spread out,
■cplafai ; ex -\-pt(mus plain.] To make plain, manifest,
or inteUlfflble ; to expound ; to unfold the meaning of.
~«. i. To give an explanation. — Ee-} laln'A-ble, a.
Byn.— To expound; interpret; elucidato; clear up.
EMf^lMULnkn (Ska'pli-ni'shfin), n. 1. An «zplalii.
ing, or making intelligible. 2. That which makes dear.
3. Meaning aitiributed to anything ; sense. 4. Mutual
exposition of terms or motives, in or^ to reconcile dif-
ferences; reconciliation; agreement.
Byn. — Interpretation ; detaiL See Dsmrrnov.
EE-^lan^a-ttT* (eks-pUb/Artlv), Bz-oUn'ft-lo^, a.
Serving to explain ; containing explanation.
Bl^MlVA («ks^lt-tTv), a. [L. expleUvtu, fr. ex
+ pUre to fill, plenus tuIL] Added merelv to fill up ;
superfluous. — n. A word, letter, or syllable not neoea-
sary to sense, but inserted to flll » vacancy ; an oath.
Bs^VU-€a-bto(-plT-kA-bn),a. Admitting explanation.
Bsw-<Mlt« (-Kit), V. L To unfold the meaning or
sense of ; to explain ; to interpret. ~BsW-<MltlOII, n,
— BsW-M-ttre, ExWrOft'to-ry, a.— Bii^-<Mi'tor, n.
Bz-pUofU (Sks-plTs^t), a. [L. explieare, -plicUum, to
unfold.] 1. Not implied merely ; distinctly stated ; plain ;
clear. 2. Having no diwuised meaning or reservation ;
outspoken. —Bz-^Uo^-ly, adv. — Bz-tfUolt-IIMM, n.
Syn. — ExFUcrr; Expriss: clear; plain; <men; un-
reserved ; unambiguous.— Explicit denotes a setting forth
plainly, so that the meaning can not be misunderstood.
express is stronger, and adds fproe to clearness.
Bl-tflOde' (-plSdOi V. i. [L. explodere, -plosum, to
drive out, drive out a player by clapping ; ex -j-plaudere,
plodere, to clap, strike, applaud.] 1. To become sud-
denlv expanded into a n«Kt volume of gas or vapor; to
burn into flame. 2. To burst with a loud report, or
with sudden violence and n<rise.—v.^ 1. To bring into
disrepute, and reject. 2. To cause to burst noisily.
EE-^loit' (-ploif), n. [OE. esploU success, OF. esplott
revenue, product, exploit, f n L. explieare to exhibit ; ex
-f- plicare to fold.] A deed ; heroic act ; noble achieve-
ment. —V. /. [F. exploiter.! To utilise ; togetthe value
• - lands, ]
out of (a mine.
mine, agricultural land
— Bl'^€l-UtlOO,».
W (-pl5r'), V. t. [L. <
, public opinion, etc).
EE-^lora' (-piSr'), V. t. [L. expiorarey -roftim, to ex-
plore ; ex-{-plorare to cry out.] To search through or
into ; to examine thoroughly. — BS-|Aoi'Mr, n. — Bl'plo*
imtloii. n. — Bi-^or'A-to-ry, a. — BTploflt'tor, n.
Es-^fton (-plS'shttn), n. 1. An exploding ; detona-
tion ; chemical action causing sudden formation of ex-
panded gas. 2. A bursting violently from intemal pres-
sure. 3. Violent outburst of feeling.
EE-J^kKslTe (-sTv), a. Driving or bursting out with
violence and noise; oausiiw explosion.— n. 1. An ex-
plosive agent, as gunpowder, or nitro^ycerin. 2. A
sound produced by an explosive impulse of the breath ;
one of the consonanto p. ft, t, d.k, g, so sounded.
Bs-po'BMIt (-pS'nrat), n. [L. eicponens, -^nentis, p. pr.
of exponere to set forth, expose. See ExrotTim.] jL A
number or quantity denoting how often another quantity
is to be repeated as a factor. 2. A representative (of a
party, principles, ete.). — Bl^PO-IMll'nAl (-nSn'shal), a.
Bl-pOTt' (6ks-p9rt0, r. /. [L. exportare, Saturn ; ex +
portare to carry, j To send abroad (merchandise or com-
modities in the way of commerce) ; — opp. of import.
Bl'port (Sks'pQrt), n. 1. An exportmg ; exportation.
2. That which is exported.
m-porf A-ble (-pQrf i-bn), o. Suitable for exportation.
Bs'por-tftHOB (-p^r-ti'shttn). n. 1. An exporting or
sending commodities abroad. 2. Commodity exported.
Bl-piort'er (-pSrfSr), n. One who exports goods.
Bs-pose' (-p5xO, V. t. [F. exposer ; pref . ex- (L. ex) -|-
poser to place.] 1. To set forth ; to show ; to display.
2. To lav bare ; to lay open to attack, danger, etc ; to
make liable 3. To lay open to public notice (a thing
that shuns publicity, something cnminal, shameful, ete.j^
4. To lay open to general contem|it by making public
the character of (a cheat, liar, hypocrite, ete.).
II Brpo'stf' (Sks'pt'stO, n. [F., prop. p. p. of expcser.}
A formal exposition of facte ; exposure ; revelation.
Brpo-gram (-sTshOin), n. [L. expositio: of. F. e»-
Urn, recent, 6rb» r^de, f yll, tkm, ftfbd, f dbt, out, oU, chair, go, sins, i||k, tben, fh»"
14
EXPOSITIVE
210
EXTERNAL
riiion. Bee Bzfoukd.] 1. An exposing or laying open.
An expoiunding the aenae of en author, or a paoaage ;
explanation ; aenae put upon a paaaage, law, etc., by an
interpreter ; commpntary. 3. A public exhibition of
Induatrial and artistic productions. [A Oallicism]
BZ'PO0l'ttv« (Sks-pOs^-tTr), a. Expository.
Bz-posl-tor, n. One that expounds ; commentator.
Bl-posl-tO-nr (-t^-ry )t <>• Pertaining to, or containing,
exposition ; explanatonr ; illustrative : excRetical.
n BMf post taoOo iJSk^ pSsf VSknt). [L., from what
is done afterwards.] From or by an after act, or thing
done afterward ; retroapeotive.
Ez post fketo law, a law operating by after enactment.
Bl-pMOn-late (-pSs'ttt-lKt ; 40), v.i, [Jj. expostiUare,
4atum; ex + poslulare to ask.] To reason earnestly
with a person ; to remonstrate. — Bl-pos'ta-la'tloat n.
~Bi-p<Ni^-U'tor, n. —Bi-pMaii-U-to-ry, a.
8yn. — To remonstrate ; reaswn. Bee RsMoinTRATB.
BM-yt/wan i-fVzhtri 40), n. 1. An exposing or
laying open, setting forth, or depriving of care or con-
cealment. 2» A being exposed. 3. Position as to points
of compass, to influences of climate, etc. 4. The ex-
posing a sensitised photographic plate to action of light.
Bl-pound' (-pound'), V. t. [L. exponere; ex -f ponere
to put.] To explain ; to interpret. — EE-poillld'er, n.
BJL'VtmU' (-prSa^), a. [F. mrh, L. exprimere^ -pree-
turn ; ex -\- pnmere to pnta.} X Exactly representing ;
exact. 2. Directly stated; not implied or left to in-
ferenoe ; clear. 3. Intended for a particular purpoee ;
dispatched irith special speed. Also used adverbially.
Syn. — Explicit ; clear ; unambiguous. Bee Expucrr.
"•R. A messenger sent on a special errand; company
or system for prompt transportation of parcels ; railroad
train for transporting passengers or goods punctually. —
«. f. 1. To press or squeese out ; to elicit. 2. To show
bv a copy or likeness ; to represent. 3. To manifest
plainl V ; to declare ; to telL 4. To declare what is in
the mJM of ; to show (one*s self) ; to cause to appear ;
— used reflexlvely. 6. To denote ; to designate. 6. To
send by express mesaenger ; to forward by special oppor-
tunity, or through an express.
Syn.— To declare ; utter ; signify ; testify ; Intimate.
l'Pnm'Mg9 (-prSs^j ; 2), n. Charge for carrying a
sf by express.
t-pnma-bto (-T-b'l), a. Capable of being expressed.
Bz-pns'Stan (-prSsh'an), n. 1. An expressing;
parcel
an extorting or eliciting. 2. A signifying ; utterance. 3.
Lively representation of meaning, f e^hug, etc. 4. That
wbieh is expressed by a countenance, posture, work of
art, etc ; look indicative of feeling. 6. A mode of
speech ; phrase. 3. Representation of a mathematical
quantity by its appropris^ chxuracters or signs.
BE-prarai¥e (-pres^v), a. 1. Serving to express ;
indicative. 2. Full of expression ; significant ; emphatic
— Bl- *
• Bl-pcMSlTe-lT, adv. •
Bl-praMlT, adv. In i
I an express manner ; in direct
tennsl with diistinct purpoee ; particularly.
Bs-piWM'Buui, n. One employed in the express
business; driver of a job wagon.
Bl-pUgn' (-punOt V. t. [L. exougnare ; ex-\- pugnare
to fight, pugna fight.] To take by assault ; to vanquish.
— Bl-pioglUl-ble (-pfig'n^b*! or -pun'i-bl), a.
Ez-pundOll (-pSyshQn), n. [L. expuUio^ fr. expettere.
Bee Expel.] 1. An expelling ; a driving out. 2. State
of being expelled.
Bl-pid'nve (-sTv), a. Able, or serving, to expeL
m-pmoliOII (-pQQk'shttn), n. [L. expunctio.^ An
expunging or erasing ; the being exptmged.
u-ponK*' (-p&nj'), V. I. [L. expnngere^ -punctum ; ex
■\-pungere to puncture.] 1. To blot out, as with a pen ; to
rub out ; to obliterate. 2. To strike out ; to annihilate.
Srn.— To efface ; erase ; obliterate : dentroy ; canceL
U'inir-pit* (Sks'par-gSt or Sks-pdr'sat), v. t. [h.
expurgare^ -gatum; ex -{- purgare to cleanse, purge.]
out or forth. SeeExJWT.] Stand-
To purify ; to purge.— Bs'piir-galkMl (Sks^pfir-gifahliil),
n. — Bi^piir-ni't«r, n. — EE-pm^ga-to-ry* «•
Sx'qUHiitelSksacwT-sTt), a. lL.exqmrere,'quUUum,
to search out ; ex -f- quaerere to seek. Bee QuiEST.] 1.
Carefully selected; exceedingly excellent. 2. Exceed-
ing ; extreme ; keen. 3. Of delicate perception or clore
discrimination ; nice ; fastidious. — n. One ovemioe in
dress or ornament ; a fop. — Bl'qill-idte-ly, adv.
Syn. —Nice ; delicate ; exact ; choice ; rare ; perfect.
^•MTf (-aSrf ), ) a. [L. exMvere, -tertum^ to stretch
BE-Mrf«d, } - -
big out; projecting.
Bz'UlIt (Skytont), a. [L. extane
or exttant^ '^ttUis; ex -\- stare to
stand.] 1. Standing out; protruded. ,
2. Still existing; outstanding.
Es-tcm/po-n'oe^iis (-t JSm^nt-
ri'nt-Os), Bz-tMll'pO-ni-ry, a. [Bee
ExTBMPoiUL] Composed or uttered
on the spur of the moment ; unpre-
meditated ; offhand ; extempore. —
Flower with Ex-
Mrted Stamen*.
EE-tcm'pb-ni'iM-eiuh;
po-im-fl-ly (-rt-rMj^), aife.
Bl-tmn'po-r* (-ril adv. [L. ; ex
-f temptUf -poris^ time.] Without
previous study; extemporaneously.
•"O. Done extempore.
Es-teiii'po-iiie(-ris),v.i.&f. To
speak or do off-hand ; to prepare haa*
tUy or with scanty materials. —EE-ton'pO-ll'iar, n. ~
ES-tMD'PO-ll-tt'dOllt A.
Bl-t«lld' (-tSndOt V. A [L. extendere^ -tenium^ -/en-
ntm; ex -f tendere to stretch.] 1. To stretch out ; to
continue in length. 2. To enlarge ; to expand ; to spread.
3. To widen ; to continue ; to prolong. 4. To reach forth
(the arm or hand). 6. To bestow ; to offer : to apply.
— V. <. To stretch ; to reach. — ^-tendl-bw, a.
Kxtsndsd Istfesr, a style of type having a broad face.
SrXhis is extended type.
Syn. - To enlarge ; expand ; diffuse. See Ivcrbabb.
Bl-ten'll-ttto (-t8n'sT-b*l), Bs-ttnldlo (-sTl), a. Ca-
pable of being extended ; extensile ; extendible ; — opp. of
eontractible or eompretsible. — Bx-tflll'fllrllll1-ty, n.
BE-ten'kiOll, ». 1. An extending or being extended ;
enlargement; augmentation; expanaion. 8. Property
whereby a body oocupiea apace. 3. The stretching a
broken bone ao aa to bring the fragmenta into line. 4>
The straightening of a limb, in distinction from Aexion.
6. An allowing a debtor further time to pay a debt.
Bl-ten'idT« (-aTv), a. Having wide extent * large.
^m-toi'ldve-lT, adv. — Bz-t«ii'BtY«-llMWt n.
— ten'sor (-sor), n. [L.] A muscle which extends
or straightens a part of the body ; — opp. to Aexor.
Bl-tenr (-tSntO, n. Space to whld ^"* - '
tended; size; degree; proportion.
EE-ten'V-Ato (-t6n'tt-at), v. t. [L. extenuate, -atwn;
ex- -\- tenuis thin.] 1. To make thin or slender; to
draw out so as to lessen the thickness. 2. To lessen
the foice of ; to diminish (guilt, accusations, etc.) ; —
opp. to aggravate. — f. ^ To become thinner ; to make
excuses. — EE-ten'Q-A'tlOO, n. — Bl-tdl^-A'tor, n.
Srn. — To palliate : to mitigate. BeePALUATi.
wi-te'll-or (-ti'rY-er), c. (X., compar. of exter or ex-
tents on the outside, foreign, strange, compar. fr. ex.]
1. External ; outward ; — opp. to interior. 2. On the
outside ; extrinsic 3. Foreign. — n. 1. Outward part
of a thing ; outside. 2. Outward deportment ; visible act.
Es-tsrlnl-liato (-tSr'mT-nit), V. t. [L. exterminarr,
•natum; ex -f terminus bounoary, limit.] 1. To drive
away ; to expeL 2. To extirpate ; to root out. — BE-
ttr^mi-iiatloii, n. — EE-ter'ml-iiA'tor, n.
EE-tar'llAl, a. [L. ertemus^ f r. exter, exierus, ov.ttlde.
See ExTBBioft.] 1. Outward ; exterior; — opp. to inter-
nal. 2. Not intrhisio nor essential ; superflciaL 3. For-
S, «, 1, 3, a, long ; ft, «, I, ft, tt, t> •iu'rt ; sniAte, <vwt, tdea, 6bey, tknite, cAre, linn, Aak, «I1, finoL
EXTERNALITY
211
EYE
•ton.«ii. Outward part; visible form. ^Bl'ttr-lUd^tT
{mLaftir-oMirt-tf), n. — BE-t«r'&ll-l7« adv.
Bl-tlaot' (-unkV), a. [L. tttinffuere^ -tinctum. See
EmaoiruH.] £ ExUnguUhed ; quenched. 2. Without
a curriTor ; without force ; dead. — BE-ttaotlOll, n.
Bz-tiB'glllBll (-tTa'fn^Tih)f V. t. [L. exiinguert) ex
■\- ttinguere to quench.] 1. To quench; to put out
(Are) ; to atifle ; to destroy. 2. To obecure ; to ecUpee.
-Bsttn'gvlBli^-lito, a.
Bl-till^g«lsll-«r* n. One that extinguishes;
device for extinguishing a flame, as of a candle.
Bz.flii'nlall-IIMItt. n. 1. An extiuguisliing
ihuig ; extinction ; nullification. 2. An-
i
or qnenohi
nihiUti<m of~a right or obligation.
BsHr-palt (fta^tSr-pit or Sks^Sr'pSt), v. L
[L. extirpate^ -patwn; ex -\- stirpg stock, root.] Extin-
To pluck up by the stem ; to root out. — Bz-ttr'- r»i«h»r.
Bft^ (-tSi/pi-b*!), a. — Bl'tlr-pttlOll, n.— Bl'tlr-pft'-
tar (Sks'ar.pS^air or 6ka>t2Kpt-t8r), n.
Sjm. — To eradicate; exterminUe; annihilate.
EE-tol' (-tOK), V. t. [L. extoUere ; ex + ioUere to lift,
raise.] To elevate by oraise ; to eulogize ; to magnify.
Syn. — To applaad ; laud ; glorify. See Pbaisi.
Bs-tort' (-tortQ, V. fc [L. extorquere^ -iortum / ex +
torquere to twist.] To wrest from an unwilling person ;
to wrench awav (from) ; to exact. — Bl-tOlt'Mr, n.
Bl-tar^tton (-tdr'shdn), n. 1. An extorting ; undue ex-
aetimi ; overotiarge. 2. That which is extorted. ~Bl-tOr'-
tlam«-i7« EE-tOT'dos-ate (-tt), a. — EE-tor^tlon-er, n.
Syn*-- Oppression; rapacity: exaction; overcharge.
Bstra (Sku'trA), a. Beyond what is due, usual, or '
necessary ; additional ; extraordinarily good ; superior.
-*m. Something bevond what is due or customary.
EE-traof (8ks-trlkt0, v. t. [L. extrahere^ -tractum ;
ex -f- troAere to draw.] 1. To draw out or forth. 2. To
withdraw by mechanical or chemical process. 3. To
choose oat ; to quote (a passage from a book, etc.).
VaflnMf (Sks'trikt'), n. X Anything extracted or
drawn out. 2. A citation ; quotation. 3. A decoction,
Bolntioo, or infusion which draws out from any substance
its eisentisi virtue ; easenoe ; a substanoe so extracted.
SSS'ilS?}^- Capable of being extracted.
Bs-tfttoHonT-trSk'shfin), ». 1. An extracting, or
drawing out. 2. Derivation from a stock or family ;
iinesge; deecent; birth. 3. Extract; essence.
EE-traotlT« (-trSkt^v), a. 1. Capable of being ex-
tracted. 2. Tending to draw out.— n. 1. An extract.
2. Any chemical substance obtained by extraction.
Bl-tniOt'Or (-Sr), n. One that extracts.
Brtri-dlte (Sksar^-dlt), v. /. To deliver up (a fugi-
tive from JusUce) to another government. — U'tn-w-
ti-Vto, o. - Bi-tri-dl'tloii, n.
Bl'tra-tV-^'Oial (-Jtt-dTah'al), 0. Out of the author,
ity of a court or judge ; beyond jurisdiction.
Bs'tra-IBim'dllie (-mfin'din), a. [L. extra -f mundut
world.] Beyond the material world.
Bl-tri'at-0«S (>ti«'nt-lis), a. [L. extraneu*^ fr. ex-
tra.] N.>t belonging to a thing ; not essential or intrin-
sic; foreign. —^-tn'tlt-OOa-ly, <ufr.
EE-traor'dl-nt-IT (-trOr'dT-nt-ry), a. [L. extraitrdi-
Horiiu; extra -\-orainarius. SeeOaoniABTj 1. Beyond
Uie common order or method ; not usual. 2. Exceeding
the common measure or condition ; rare ; wonderful. 3.
Employed upon a special service. — n. That which is
extraordinary. — EE-tlftor'tft-nt-ll-tv. ff^r.
Bi-ttir'A-gaiioa (8ks.trlv'&-gan8),EE-tnT'A-ffaii-oy,
n. [F. See Extra vaoavt.] 1. A wandering beyond
proper limits or from the usual course. 2. A being
extravagant or prodigal ; undue expenditure of monfiv>
Sim. — Wildness ; irregularity ; excess ; prodigality ;
profusion : wiste : lavishnees ; recklessness.
Bl-tnv'a-VUIt, a. fF. , f r. L. extra -f- ragan*^ -ganii*^
p. pr. of vagari to wander.] 1. Exceeding due bounds ;
wild ; imrestrained. 2. Profuse in expenditare ; prodi-
gal. — BE-trav^A-gant-ly (Sks-triiv^i-gcmt-ij^), adv.
EE-tnv'A-gaillHI (Sks-trSv/4-gin'si}, n. [It. Mtra/vO'
jfonza.] 1. A wildly irregular composition ; musical cari-
cature. 2. Extravagant flight of sentiment or language.
Bz-tniT'a-ntt (-«lt), r. /. [Pref . extra- + L. w« voa-
seL 1 To force or let (Dlood) out of the proper veesela. —
Bi-tniT'A-n'tloii, n.
Es-trtBM' (-trim'), a. [L. extremu*^ soperl. of exter,
exierutt outward, bee Extk&ior.] 1. At the utmost
point, edge, or border; outermost; utmost; most re-
mote. 2. Last ; conclusive ; — said of time. 3. The best
or wont ; most urgent ; highest ; excessive ; most vio-
lent. 4. Radical ; ultra. — n. 1. Utmost point or verge ;
extremity. 2. Utmoet limit supposable or tolerable;
furthest degree ; — in p/., things at an extreme distance
from each other, most widely different states, etc 3.
Extreme state or condition ; calamity, distress, etc 4.
Either of the extreme terms of a syllogism, the middle
term being interpoeed between them. 6. The first or
last term of a mathematical proportion or series.
EE-trtBM'ly, adv. In an extreme manner or state ; in
the utmost degree ; to the utmost point.
Bl-tramlst (-trSmlst), n. A supporter of extrema
doctrines or opinions.
EE-trMDl-ty (-tr6m1-tj^), n. 1. The extreme part:
remotest point. 2. One of the locomotive appendages of
an animal, limb; leg or arm of man. 3. The utmost point;
highest degree ; most intense form. 4. Highest degree
of inconvenience, pain, or suffering ; greatest peril ; ex*
treme neei ; nece «ity.
Syn. — Verge ; l>order ; extreme ; end ; termlnatioa.
Bllll-oate (Ska'trT-kit), v. t. [L. extricare. -catum;
ex -f- trieae impediments.] 1. To free (from difiScuitiea) ;
to disentanffle. 2. To cause (heat, moisture, etc.) to be
emitted. — BUll-lUl-Vto, a. — BTtXl-IHl'tlOll, n.
Syn. — To disentangle : disembarrass ; disflbgage ; re-
lieve ; evolve ; net free ; liberate.
EE-tllB'sio (-trln'sTk), Bl-tllB'ido-al, a. [L. extrit^
xecus ; exter on the outside -{- *fcuM otherwise, bedde.]
1. Not contained in or belonging to a body ; external]
unessential. 2. Attached partly to an organ or limb and
partly to some other part ; — said of certain muscles.
Opp. to intHnxic. — EE-tltll'ido-al-ly , adv.
Bx-trnde' (-trud'), v. U [L. extntdere, -tnuum ; ex +
trudere to thrust.] To thrust, force, press, or push out ;
to expel. — Ex-tni'floil (-ihfin), n.
Ex-nlMr-AlIt (-n'bSr-ont), a. [L. exuberant^ -rantU^
p. pr. of exuberare to be abundant ; ex -j- uber fertile.]
Abundant or superabundant; plenteoua; excessive in
production. — Es-alMr-aitt-ly. adv. — Bi-unMr^uioo,
Bs-alMr-Mi-or, n.
Syn. — Abundance ; excess ; plenty ; profusion ; orer-
flow ; overgrowth ; rankness. bee Abuhdamcb.
Es-nde' (8ks-ud' or 6gs-ud'), v. t. [L. rxudare, -dth
/um, to sweat out ; ex -\- tudare to sweat.] To discharge
(liquid matter through pores or incisions) ; to give out.
-* V. i. To flow tlirough pores, or by natural discharge.
— Bra-da'tkni (-d-di^shhn), n.
Bx-Qir (Sgz-IUtQ. V. i. [L. exultare, -tntum; ex +
$nlire to spring.] To be -in liigh spirits ; to triumph. —
Ex-olt'tBt, a. — El'vl-ta'tloil, n.
Es-VltlllS, a. Rejoicing triumphantly or exceedingly $
exultant — fiz-lllt'Ulf-ly, adv.
II Ez-a'vl-0 (8gz-u'vT-S or 8ks-), n. pi. [L., fr. exuere
to draw out, pull off.] 1. Cast skins, shells, or cover-
ings of aninuUs, — as skins of snakes, shells of lobsters,
etc. 2. Fossil Khells and other animal remains found in
the earth *M strata. — Ex-n'vl-Al. a.
By'as (i'as), n. [F. niaU fresh from the nest, fr. L.
nidus nest. E. an eyas = a nias.} A nestling, or un-
fledged bird.
Bye (i), n. [Prob. fr. nye^ an eye being for a nye.]
A brood (of pheasants, etc.).
fSm, recent, 6rb, r^de, fyll, Urn, food, fo^ot, out, oil, chair, go, sinsi l||k, tben, thin.
EYE
212
FACING
By»(f). n. [AS.
oeututy Or. MUMK
•ye, 6<r0v the two
•yes.] 1. The organ
of sight or ▼iafon.
2. Power of aaeing ■,
nmge of rision;
Judgment. 3. Sight;
riew; opinion. 4.
Obeerration ; no-
tice; regard. 6.
Anything resem-
bling the organ of
light, in form, po-
duon, or appear-
ance ; spot on apea-
ooolc's feather;
sprout of a tuber ;
oenter of a target ;
hook on a dress;
bole through tlie
bead of a needle,
etc. — r. t. To fix
the eye on ; to ob-
senre narrowly.
ftreTtoU'd'biilO,
». Ball or globe of
the eye.
brouOfA. The*
HcniKmital vP'Ciirin of Ri^ht Tf umin Ky^
ah OrkJUHCtirK (fVicrinr tni>»^l4i mtMnv
tir^nO I ^ rorne* ; it *^\vTi\lit i r f'hfr
yr4!l lY" riKirjf Miiccli^ iff Ctliiiry IV*.
C"'- I h\nt I I I^^PtHTitorjr t4F*iriitrit j.
/■ INiTtc-iiisir AqMfnuH CHiniWr tM'tWH^h
tfrtl\*\% ; f Auti"H4>r Aquroiii. Ch4n>'hf'r t
>T < Vvitalfilir [x:t(« ; n Vltrvoii^ Huin.kri
brow Or hjlry ariUi atxiTe thb eyis.
By«'|daM'(rgUb'),n. l. A Imu of glass to aaaiat tte
sight. H. Eyepiece of a telescope, microscope, etc 3.
A pla-- rynip for arrlrinK liquid remedies to tbe eye.
Bye'jiok^ i;iqtuV)t n. A unti^^uW Qpouuiif to reoelTe %
hotikf t'OnJ, rli>(fi or nopie; cytbt.
Sre'lAldl' (l'll4ti ), n. 1 Fringe dI h&Ir edging tlM
ejrlj'l 2, A iiuir o( Uie frmi^ii on thp odije of tbe eyelid.
Zjt^^tM {i'^ffn% n. Witlioiit fi>^«; bllod^
Eyo^et (in*t), a [fr\ fri//^r, dSin, of «tI cje,fr. L.
QC'f '■:•■■:■ i A «iMfrlJ licbLe to recti ve a oord or (asteoer.
Eye'Ud' (illd^), n. Corer of tins pye
Eye' piAoo' ( i ''f w*' ) , n . L*iib, ot combtnstt^Mi of lenses,
at tMf^ rye i^iTil tjf nn M|itkdl luatruiDE^nt.
Cye'Berr'uit (i''fcan-'ffleit], n. A senrwit ivho attends
Co biri •Itity ciily 1ft heii watelied. — fifV^MTVlo*, ».
Gyo^slfflit {Vat'}, n. Sight ol iU«i e^e ; >«»« of >m-
kig ; V i. n. [or iJffbt i a bdemish. I
Eye's'irft^ (KpBi^J, n. flomssUilijft oflfrtiFivr to the eye |
Bye'Btoil9^ (i>t3ii0> "■ A uuoll, IfiiticulAT, ealcare-
ouAbmlv N*«^I rr> ri'JJiovfra foTf>Sgn*MbfUti4 1> froiD theeye.
Eyelootll' i VUmAU), n, A caiiiue tooth of tbe Upper
Ey »' W« ter ( i '^n,a S r ), n. WmL or lotion for the eyes.
Eye' Wit neaa ^ i ' ^T 1 1^«) , n ^ Ouv ^h ty ve* h thing done.
Byf« I fir), n. [OF. rrre jouniej, fr. L. lYirr, Ukteris^
a itf»»ti(r, \iftt3', fr. root i^l irr to (jtvj A Jonraey of oer-
tain KniiiUnh jtidi^* d^Ilfti! JuxiifVJi in njre^ wlio rode the
drr L]it, buitding court In the differftLit cotiutkik
Ey'rte f iiV5 ^>r e'rt), t«, [See Athii] Kest of a
lir'iy
liird that X
I in a Mtj pUce ; aerie.
F.
Fa(fX),n. [It] A syllable indicating the 4th tone of
the diatonic scale in soknixation.
Fa'Ue (fa'bH), n. [F., fr. L. fahula, fr. /art to say.]
1. A flctitous story enforcing some useful truth. 2. Plot
of a poem. 3. Fiction ; falsehood. — v. i. & I. To com-
pose (Action) ; to say (what is not true). — FAnttar, n.
Fall'llo (fiyrTk), n. [L. fabrica fabric, workshop.]
1. Structure of anything; workmanship; texture. 2.
(a)^ Framework, {b) Cloth woren or knit from fibers.
Fab«-0«te (-rr-kit), r. /. [L. fabrieari, -<Mius.} 1.
To construct ; to build. 2. To produce. 3. To invent
and form ; to devise falsely. — Fftb'll-iMl'tor, n. [L.]
Fab'll-IUllkni, n. 1. A fabricating or constructing
manufacture. 2. A falsehood. [Fftb'a-llst, n.
FalKn-llao (-tk-Iiz), r. i. To invent or relate fables. —
Fab'a-lOlU (-l&s), a. 1. Feifnied, as a story or fable ,
fictitious. 2. Very great.— FAb'll-lOIUhlytaifv.
R Fa'gad*' (f&^sidO, n. [F., fr. It. facctata, it. faccia
face, L. facie*.'] Front of a building.
Fam (fSs). n. [F., fr. L. /acif4 form, face, facere to
make.] 1. Exterior form or appearance ; surface seen.
2. That part of a body presented toward a certain direc-
tion ; bounding plane of a solid. 3. Principal flat surface.
4. Outside appearance ; surface show ; look. 6. Tlutt
part of the head containintr the eyes, nose, and mouth ;
▼isage ; countenance. 8. Cant of features ; expression ;
look ; air. 7. Boldness ; effrontery. 8. Amount ex-
{ pressed on a bill, note, bond, etc., without addition for
nterest or reduction for discount. — r. /. 1. To confront ;
to enoounter. 2. To bullv. 3. To stand with the face
toward ; to front upon. 4. To corer in front, for orna-
ment, protection, etc. 6. To line (a coat, dreHs, etc.) near
the edge. 8. To make the surf nee of (anything) smooth.
— r. i. 1. To turn the face. 2. To present a front.
Fu/et (fIs'St), n. [F. /(wette^ dim. of /ace.] 1. A
little face ; small, plane surface. [Written alao facet te."]
2. One of tbe smaJl eyes forming the compound eyes of
insects and crustaceans. -* r. t. To cut facets upon.
H Fa-OOlUi (f A-iS'shT-S), n. pi, [L., fr. faeelut fine,
facetious.] Wit^ writings or sayings ; witticLsma.
Fa-CM'tlOlUl (-shfis), a, 1. Given to wit and good hu-
mor ; jocular. 2. Exciting laughter. [the faoe.!
Fa'dal (fTshal), a. [LL. Jacialis.1 Pertaining to|
radal asffls, the angle, in a skull, haclnded between s
straight line (ab, hi the illustra-
tions), from the most promi-
nent part of the forehead to the
front edge of the upper jaw
bone, and another (ca) from
this point to the center of the
external auditory opening.
Faoile (fSsOl), a. lL.faH-
lis easy, f r. facere to doj 1.
Es^ to be done ; not difficult.
2. Easy to be mastered. 3.
Easy of access ; mild. 4. Easily
persuaded to good or bad;
pliant; flexible. 6. Ready;
quick ; expert.
Fa-fiUl-ute (fi^ni-tit),
V. t. To make easy. — Fa-oQ'-
l-U'tfOD, n.
FA-oai-t7,n. [L./ari/ir<M.]
1. Freedom from difficulty;
ease. 2. Readiness proceeding
from skill or use ; dexterity. S.
Easiness to be persuaded ; pli-
ancy. 4. Easiness of access;
^affability. 6. Advantage ; aid.
M>-n* - FirTLiTT ; Expssr*
m-y, KRAi>mR9s: eiwi : dexterity; oomplaiaanoe ; coiv
de^H enaiuu ; ftaabilit> . FaciiUy supposes power of dls-
pat ■ ' hiiJic A t»jiit w ith e.L,^- Expertneu is facility acquired
by Ion g titiLf'tJirc > Ilf'f'i ".■9is marks the promptitude with
wbk h sitiy thine U doittT.
Fa'aln^ (TaSTf»ir). n. 1. A coverinc in front; ext^
rior NJiinthlng. Si. A h King near the edge of a garment.
Fseisl Angles.
1, S TypM of Uumaa
RkuUst 8 8kuU of Moo-
key.
a, S, I, S, a, long : ft, fi, Y, ft, it, % short ; smftte, 8vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, eftra, ftrm, Adt, nil, flnoL
FACSIMILE
213
PALL
3. {a)pL GoUftr and oaflt of a military ooat. (6) Move-
BMit of ■oldien by turning on their beeU.
Fte4ltnil4* (fSk-elmO-K), n, [L. /ae timile make
Uke.] An exact copy. —v. t. To make a facsimile of.
FaoI (flkt), n. [I^ /adum^ f r. /ocere to make.] 1.
An effect produced ; thing done ; act ; event. 2. Reality ;
troth. 3. Thinff rappoeed or aaeerted to be done.
Byn. — Act ; deed ; event ; incident ; oocorrenoe.
FMOkn (fik'ahttn), n. [L. /ac^.] 1. A political
party opposing the government ; clique acting for their
own interests. 2. Tumult ; discord. — Faotton-lst, n.
Syn. — Combination ; clique ; Junta Bee Cabal.
FaoHoas (-shtta)* a* Given to faction ; seditious.
Fao-timims (-tTsh^), a. [L. faetitiuSf fr. faeere to
make.] Made by art ; artificial ; sham.
Syn.— Factitioub; Unmatitral.— A thing is imno/-
untf when it departs from its simple state ; it u/actUiotu
whea it is wrought out by labor and effort.
TmAM (-tSr), n. [L., a doer. See Fact.] 1. One
who transacts business for another; agent ; commission
merchant or ccmsignee. 2. One of the mathematical
r entities which, multiplied together, form a product.
One of the elements contributing to produce a result.
— r. I. To resolve (a quantity) into its factors.
FlOtor-AC9 (-tj), n. Commission allowed to a factor.
FftOtO-iy (-ts-iy), n. 1. Place where tmaton transact
bttsineas for their employers. 2. Body of factors. 3.
Buildhig f<» manufacture of goods ; a manufactory.
Fao-tOtam (-tytlim), n. [L.,doevervthinff;/acer0to
do + toius alL] One employed to do all kinds of work.
FtU^-t7 (fkklil-ty), n. [V. faculU, L. /aeultcu, fr.
faeUU easv, f r. faeere.} 1. Ability to perform ; mental
capaci^ ; intdlectual gift. 2. Special mental endow-
ment 3. Privilege to do a particular thing ; license. 4. A
body of men to whom a privilege is granted ; members of
a profasrion. 6. Body of persons conducting a university.
Byn.— Talent; gift; endowment; dexterity; knack.
Fad (fid), fi. A hobby ; freak ; whim.
Tm^aU (fldMH), V, i. To trifle ; to toy.
Fftte (fid), V. i. [OB. faden, vaden.] 1. To lose
steength ; to decav ; to wither. 2. To lose freshness. 3.
To disMspear gradually ; to vanish. -^ Fad«l6M, a*
Fadg« (fIJ), V. i. [Cf. A8./?9antojoin.] To suit.
rSStd (fyk/'l), fl. Fecal. *^
IFV^OM (-sfaj. n. p/. [L. /OCT, pi. faeces, dregs.]
Bxcrement; settlings; sediment, [written also /ece«.]
RF»0^U(fek'tt.l4),n. [L.] Fecula.
rflk-j(mr'S),n.&a, Fairy. iArehaie}
Fftf (fig), v.i.&t. [Of. LO. fakk wearied, vaak slum-
ber ; or perh. same as K. ftag to droop.] 1. To weary ;
to tire. 2. To work hard; to drudge.— n. One who
performs menial services for another.
Fag'-tBd' (4hid'), n. Refuse of anything.
Fvet (-fit), n. [F., prob. aug. of L. fax^faei*^ torch.]
A bundle of sticks, or of pieces of wrought Iron to be
worked into shape. — v. /. To bind together.
FahlrVB-llttt (fiCrm-hit), a. [G.] Conforming to the
Male used by Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit in graduating
his thermometer. — n. The Fahrenheit thermometer or
, so graduated that the f reesing point of water is at
hove <y> and the boiling point at 212^ above.
I TwUmo^ (f&'t-lbrs'), n. [F., fr. Faenta, in Italy.]
Glased earthenware, decorated in color.
Fill (fin, V. i. [F. faUlir, fr. L. fattere, faJgum, to
kj 1. To be wanting or deficient. 2. To come
; to lack. 3. To fail away ; to decay ; to sink. 4.
To deteriorate ; to weaken. 6. To miu ; not to fulfill
expectation. 3. To be frustrated. 7. To err ; to be mis-
taken. 8. To become unable to meet one's engagements
or pav 0De*s debts. — r. /. To be insufficient for ; to dis-
appotnt—n. Miscarriage; failure; fault.
FalPlBf , n. 1. A falling short ; failure ; deficiency ;
weakneaa; lapse ; infirmity. 2. A becoming bankrupt.
Syn. — See FAULT.
.._/Wn (flKttr; 40), ».
defect; a faUing;de* '
1. Cssistiop of supply;
,2. Omission. 3. Want of
success. 4. Decay; deterioration. 6. Bsnkmptcy.
Falm (fin), a, [AS. fmgen; akin to fmgnUm to re-
joice.] 1. Well-pleased ; glad ; apt. 2. Satisfied ; oon-
atndned. — adv. With Jov ; gUdly ; — with would,
Fftlnt (lint), a. [F. /etoi, p. p. of feindre to feign,
hesitate.] 1. Tjacking strength ; Inclined to swoon. 2.
Wanting in courage, spirit, or energy ; timorous ; cow-
ardly. 3. Tstrking distinctness; weak. 4. Performed
feebly; slight. — n. A swoon. — v. <. 1. To become
weak <Hr grow feeble ; to swo<». 2. To lose courage or
spirit ; to become depressed. 3. To decay ; to vanish.
— FAlBtlsh, a. —Faintly, a<fv. — Falnt^MM, n.
Fair (tftr), 0. [AS. fteger,} 1. Free from spots or
imperfection; clean; pure. 2. Pleasing to the eye;
beautifuL 3. Without a dark hue; light; clear. 4.
Not overcast; cloudless; pleasant; — sud of the sky,
weather, wind, etc 6. Free from hindrances; open;
direct ; — said of a road, passage, etc. 3. Characteriaed
by honesty, impartiality, or candor ; Just. 7. Pleasing ;
f avoral^e ; — sud of words^romlses, etc. 8. Distinct ;
legible (handwriting). 9. nee from any marked char-
acteristic ; average ; middling. — adv. Clearly ; openly ;
honestly ; agreeably. — 11. 1. A fair woman ; sweetheart.
2. Good fortune ; good luck.
Syn. — Open ; frank ; clear ; impartiaL See Oavdid.
Fair, n. [OE. & OF. feire. f r. L. feriae, pi., holidays.]
1. A gathering of buyers and sellers. 2. A festival, and
sale of fancy articles, etc 3. A competitive exhibition
of wares, farm products, etc
Fairly, adv. l. In a fair manner ; plaiidy ; fully ;
frankly. 2. Favorably; coramodiously. 3. Honestly;
properly. [honesty; candor. I
Falr^aaa, n. The being fair, or free from stains ;
Falr^F (ftr'y), n.; p/. Paiwm (-Is). [OE. & OF.
faerie enchantment, f r. faer to charm, f r. LL. Fata one
of the goddesses of fate.] An imaginary supernatural
being supposed to assume human form and to meddle in
human affairs ; a fay. — a. Pertaining to fairies.
Faith (fSth), n. [OF. feid, feit /rf, F.Joi, fr. L.
Jldes."] 1. Belief ; relumce on testimony. 2. Kamest be-
Uef in important moral truth. 3. Belief in the Scriptures,
and in the person and work of Christ. 4. That which is
believed in science, politics, religion, etc 6. Fidelity to
one*s promises ; lo^ty. 3. Word or honor pledged ;
promise. — interi. By my faith ; in truth ; venly.
Fatthfvl (fitVfnl), a. 1. FuU of faith ; dinpoeed to
believe, esp. in God's promises. 2. Firm hi adherence
to engagements. 3. True ; loyaL 4. Worthy of confidence ;
accurate. — Falthfld-lT, <ufr. — Falth^-IIMM, n.
Syn. — Trusty ; honcM ; upright ; sincere ; trustworthy.
FalthaaMho. 1. NotbeUevinff. 2. Not beUevhig in
God or the Christian religion. 3. Not observant of prom-
ises or duty. 4. Serving to deceive ; delusive.
Fake (fSk), n. [Cf . Scot faik fold, stratum of stone,
AS. fmc interval.] Windin« of s cable : coil. — f. t. To
coil (a rope, etc.), bv whiding alternately in opposite di-
rections, to prevent twisting when running out.
Fake, v. t. [Cf. GaeL faigh to get, acquire, reach.] To
cheat ; to swindle. — n. A trick ; a swindle. ISlanff}
FaTdr (finiSr or fArkSrO, n. [At. fwfir poor.) Ori-
ental monk ; beggar. [Written uto faquir tiadfakeer.}
Fal'oate (fU'ktt), ) a. [L. falcatus, fr. /o/x, falcU^
Fal'oa-M(-kft-t«d), { scythej Hooked like a sickle.
Fal'Ohlon (fal'chSn), u. [OE. & OF. fauchon, LL.
faicio, fr. L. /<mx, folds.} A broad, curved sword.
Fal'OOn (f A^*n), n. [OE. & OF. faueon.} One of a
family of raptorial birds, sometimes trained to pursue
other birds or game. [who hunts with hawks. I
Fal'OOn-tr, n. One who breeds or trains hawks; one|
Fal'oeil-ry(-rjH,n. 1. The training falcons or hawks
to pursue game. 2. The taking game fc^ means of hawks.
Fall (f nl), V. i. limp. Fell (fW) ; p. p. Fallen Wn) ;
fSm, recent, drb, ryde, fyll, Am, ftfbd, f<^t, out, oU, chair, go, aing, ink, then, thin.
FALLACY
214
FANCY
p. pr. & vb. n. Falloio. ] [ A8. /eatlan ; akin to L. faUere
to deceive.] 1. To deaoend ; to drop ; to aink. 2. To
oeaae to be erect ; to become proetrate. 3. To find an
outlet ; to diacharse ita watera ; to empty {into). 4. To
die by Tiolence, aa in battle. 6. To loae atrength ; to aub-
dde. 6. To decline in power, importance, rank, weigbt,
▼alue, price, etc. 7. To be overtlirown or deatroyed. 8.
To aink into Tioe, error, or ain. 9. To become embar-
raaaed. 10. To aink ; to become feeble or faint. 11.
To become (aaleep, in a paaaion, in love, etc.). 12. To
happen ; to befall. 13. To come ; to occur. 14. To be-
gin haatily or vehemently ; to hurry. 16. To paaa by
chanoe, lot, inheritance, etc. 13. To be utterM care-
leaaly. — n. 1. A falling ; a droppinc by force of grav-
ity :deacent. 2. Death ; overthrow. 3. Downfall ; ruin.
4. Surrender of a beaieged place. 6. Diminution in price
or value ; depreciation. 3. A ainking of tone ; cadence.
7. Declivity ; alope. 3. Deacent of water ; caacade ; cat-
aract ; — usually in pi. 0. Diaoharge of water into the
ocean, lake, or pond. 10. Extent of deacent ; distance
anything f alia. 11. Season when leavea fall from trees ;
autumn. 12. That which f alia ; a falling (of rain, snow,
«tc\). 13- A felliEijr or liuUin^ dowD. l4- XA\f^ froTa
fiitn>c*tK't* ; Actol our flmi iistr^uiLii in ttiitiiyic tfn* frirbid-
dfiu truEt \ ^|>0HUjn.y of tlie ratM^llioiiH an^elA. 15^ Hi At
part <A a UrkJi^ tu wlfi(?1i i^ow^r i» appli^ tii hitlfftiiiic.
Fal1»-Cy t f iiT *-*> ). n. [ L, /h ftmifi , t r. JitlinT iIbs^c it-
fill.] 1. D«pj>tiv6 ftt>t>^.AmM4 1\ 2- SiTphihiii. — Pal-la'-
dcma (fKl-li^ftba*), <r. — Fal U'donjlir* ^?jf»%
Kyt** — FJitLAcrr ; Sot^in^Titr ; ilpi-i^juinii ; drc<^it: TOii»-
talie. - A ffftfyjcfj fs nil ■■■■ ^ ' ' jTafMne* to l*
dedBi^'t', tixit U iji.»t ; -v- xriiijjg^ dO «T'<>-
ekiiiB lijat il in diffluuii lu ._^^_^_ .u . ^..^^ij.
Fall'en (ff^'*n), a. Dropped; prostrate; degraded;
ruined ; decreased ; dead.
FalOl-Vto (fUlT-bn), a. [LL. fallWaU, tr. L. fal-
lere.l Liable to fail, mistake, or err; liable to deceive
or to be deceived. — FalOl-blT, adv. — FalOl-Ull-tF, n.
FalllBf (filing), a. & n. from Fall, v. i.
TiJUBf^ekBsaa, epilepsy. —FaUliiff atar, a meteorite.
Fallow (fil16), a, [AS. fealu, /ealo^ pale yeUow or
red.] 1. Pale red or yeUow. 2. Left nntUled after
plowing; uncultivated.— n. 1. Land left untiUed. 2.
The plowing of land, without aowlng it for a aeason. —
V. t. To break up (land) without seeding, to destroy
weeds and insects, and render it mellow.
Fallow cha^ Fallow ln:h, the wheatear.
—Fallow dsor, a European deer, common
in England, where it ia often domesti-
cated in parka. In aummer both aexes
are nwtted with white.
to deceive: cf. AS. fnU fraud.] 1.
Uttering falsehood ; given to deceit ;
dishonest. 2. Not
faithful or loyal;
treacherous; perfid-
ious. 3. Not true;
fitted to deceive or
disappoint. 4. Not
genuine or real ; de-
signed to deceive ;
counterfeit. 6. Not
well foiuHed ; erro-
^ neous. 0. Not in tune.
— ffrfp. Not truly. —
Falaeayj^Trfr.
FtUeTlOOfl (-bd&d), n. iFnhe ^ -hood.-} 1. Want of
truth or accuracy ; error ; falsity. 2. Deliberate asser-
tion of what is known to be untrue ; a lie. 3. Treach-
•ly ; deceit ; perfidy. 4. A counterfeit ; imposture.
Syn.— Lie ; untruth ; fabrication. See Falsity.
Fal-MTtO (fftl-sett^), ». [It. ; dim. fr. L. /oUug.-\
A false or artificial voice ; male counter tenor or alto.
Fal'ai-fy (-sT-n), r. t. [L. /altus 4- -/y-] 1- To
Fallow Deer (nialc>
represent falselj. 2. To counterfeit ; to forge. 3. Tb
prove to be false or untrustworthy ; to diq>rove ; to
nullify. 4. To violate ; to break by falsehood. 3. To
tamper with (a record). — v. i. To lie. — Fal'id-fi-Oft'-
tton, n. — Fal'ai-fl'OT, ».
Fal'ld-tF (f Al'sl-tj^), n. [L. /aUitaM.-\ 1. The being
false ; contrariety to truth. 2. A f alaehood ; lie.
Sjn. — Falbitt ; Falsbhood ; Ln ; deceit. — FaUitt
denotes the being f alae. A faUehood ia a f alae declara-
tion dedgnedly made. A /te ia a gross falsehood.
Fal'tMT (-t8r), r. i. [OE. falteren, faltren^ prob. fr.
fauU.^ 1. To hesitate : to speak weakly. 2. To totter ;
to be unstead V. — ». Hesitation ; feebleness.
Fama (flbn), n. [L. /ama^ f r. /ari to speak.1 1. Pub-
lic report. 2. Opinion generally diffused ; celebrity. —
r. /. 1. To report widely. 2. To make renowned.
Syn. — Notoriety ; celebrity ; renown ; reputation.
Fa-millar (f A-mTKySr), a. [OE. & F. /amilier. It. L.
/amiHariSt tr. Jamiliu family.] 1. Pertaining to a fam-
ily ; domestic 2. Closely acouainted or intimate ; well
versed in (a subject of study). 3. Like an intimate friend ;
not format 4. Well known; freonent. 6. Improperly in-
timate.—n. 1. A companion. 2. An attendant demon.
Fa-mil'larl-ty (f A-mn'yfa^-ty or -Y-»Kr-ty), n, i.
The being familiar. 2. Anything said or done without
constraint ; esp., in n/., such actions and words as pro-
priety and courtesy do not warrant ; liberties.
Syn. — Affability ; intimacy. See Acqdaxktaitcb.
Fa-mlliar-iaa (-ySr-Ix), r.U 1. To make familiar ; to
habituate. 2. To make skilled bv practice or study.
Fa-mlliar-ly, adr. In a familiar manner.
Faml-ly (fSmT-iy), n. [L. familia^ fr. famulus ser-
vant.] 1. The collective body of peraona living In one
house, and under one head. 2. Those descended from
one common progenitor ; a tribe, clan, or race ; kindred ;
house. 3. Genealogy ; line of ancestors ; lineage. 4.
Honorable descent. 6. A group of kindred individuals.
Famllie (-Tn), n. [F. ; fr. L fames hunger.] Gen-
eral scarcity of food ; dearth ; destitution.
Famlah (-Tsh), v. t. \pJL famen; cf. OF. qfamrr^
L. fames.'\ To starve, kill, or distress with hunger or
by deprivation of anything necessary. -»r. C 1. To die
of hunger ; to starve. 2. To suffer extreme hunger or
privation. — Famlah-mAIItt n.
Fa'moiia (fS'mtts), a. [L. famoms^ fr. fama fame.]
Celebrated in fame or public report ; renowiied.
Syn. — Famous ; Rbmowksd ; Illustrious ; noted ; re-
markable ; signal ; conspicuous ; celebrated ; eminent.
— Famotu is applied to a person or thing widely spoken
of as extraordinary ; renovned is applied to thoee con-
stantly named with honor ; illtuttrious, to those noted for
splendid deeds or virtues. See Distihouishbd.
Fa'moiia-ly (fS'mi&s-lj^), adv. Greatly ; splendidly.
Fan (fXn), a. [AS. Ainn, fr. L. vonntM, F. tvin.l An
Instrument for producing currents of air. — r. f. 1. To
blow with a fan ; to cool ; to stimulate. 2. To winnow.
Fa-nario (f 4-nitTk), a. [L. JanaHcu* inspired by di-
vinity, frantic, fr. fanum fane.] Excessively enthusias-
tic, esp. on religious subjects. — n. One affected by ex-
cessive enthusiasm.— Fa-nat'io-al, a. — Fa-aat'lo-al-ly,
adv. — Fa-natl-oal-iieaa, Fa-aatl-clBm, n.
Srn. — See SupsRSTmoN.
Fan'ol-ar (fln'sT-^r), n. 1. One governed by fancy.
2. One who has a special interent in a particular class of
objects ; one who breeds birds, animals, etc.
Fan'ot-tnl (fvl), a. 1. Full of fancy ; whimsical. 2.
Not consistent witli facts or reason. 3. Curiously con-
structed.—Fan'd-tlll-ly, odr. — Faa'cl-tul-ntaa. n.
Syn. — Farciful : Fantastical ; Vwiohabt ; Imagi-
native ; ideal ; capricious ; chimerical ; whimsical ; wild.
I — We call that fanciful which is irregular in taste and
I indgment ; fnnfoxfiral when it is extravagant as well as
irregular ; visionary when it is wholly unfounded In the
I nature of things.
Fan'cy (-ay), n. [Contr. fr. fantasy, OF. fantatit,
I L. phaniatia^ fr. Gr. ^meurCa imagination.] 1. Faculty
a, 8, 1, 0, a, long ;&,«,¥, 5,0, t, short ; aan3te, 3vent, td«H Obey, finite, c4ra, iirm, Ask, ||ll,flnaL
FANDANGO
215
FASHION
by whioh the mind f onus an image of anTthIng perceiTed
before ; power of modifying saoii objects into new imwee.
2. Gonoeption ; idea ; conceit. 3. Notion formed with-
oot much reflection; ci4>rioe; wliim. 4. Inclination;
object of liking. — V. i. To beUere ■omething without
proof. — v.r. 1. To imagine. 2. To like. 3. Tb believe
on allffht eridenoe ; to imagine (something unreal), —a.
1. Adapted to please the taete. 2. Extravagant.
Syn. — Conceit ; taste ; whim. See Imaozkatioh.
F«ll-dai'ffO(fSn-dIs'ff«),i». [8p.] A lively dance of
Spain and Spanish America ; tune to which it is danced.
Faaa (fin), n. [Lb/anum, tt./ari to spMJc] Tem-
ple ; place consecrated to religion ; church. [PoetA
g FanlA-imi (fSn'fftrrBn \F. IXax'WttV), n. {¥., fr.
Sp. /on/arrtm.] A bally ; swaggerer.
FaB-farmMUto' (f Sn-fSr'6nldO, n. [F. , f r. Sp. /on-
farronada.'] A swaggering ; ostentation ; bluster.
Tuag (fSng), V. t. LAS. /9n.] To enable to catch or
tear ; to furnish with fangs. — n. 1. An animal's tusk,
f<Hr holding and seizing its prey ; a long pointed tooth :
one of the long, hollow or grooved, and usually erectile,
venomous teeth of serpents; ~
one of the falcers of a spider.
2. Anything by whioh hold is
taken. 3. Root of a tooth.
TuM-Wwi-n. (fAn.Ui^sT-4). n.
[IL] A oontfaiuons musical
composition, not governed by
ordliiary rules.
Fail'ltsni (fin'tlz'm), n.
jnuiff* and datc
/ Fanirii:
d It* Duct
Fangs and part of head of
FaB-tMai0(-tSs^tTk),a. [F. lUttletnake.
Mf, fr. ^vra^iiv to make visi-
ble. SeeFAKCT.] 1. Bxisting only in imagination; fan-
ciful ; chimerical. 2. Like a phantom ; unreal. 3. Whim-
steal; grotesque.— FtB-tas'tlO-al, a.— FlB-tWiaio-al-ly,
adv. — FaiHas'tl-oaia-tT, Fan-tmaio-al-iMU, n.
Srn. — Capricious ; whimsical ; queer. See Fancitul.
nata-sy (fXn't4-ej^), n. Fancy ; vagary ; caprice.
FftB^tom (fSn'tOm), n. Phtatom.
rm<adr' (t^Mr'), n. Fakir.
Far (fir), n. [See Fabbow.] Toung_pig; litter of pigs.
Far, a. [Fa«th«r (far'thSr) and FAaTMsx (-thSst),
used as eompar. and tuperi. oifar^ being corruptions fr.
confusion with further and furthest, ] [OE. <ft AS. feor. ]
1. Distsnt in any direction ; remote. 2. Contrary to
design or wishes. 3. Remote In affection or obedience ;
at enmitT with. 4. Widely different in nature or char-
acter. 6. The more distant of two; as, the far side
(called also o/f aide) of a horse, that is, the one oppo-
site to the rider when he mounts. — adv. 1. To a great
extent of vpAce or time ; widely ; remotely. 2. In great
part. 3. Very much ; deeply ; greatly.
Fu'ad (firOd), n. [Fr. Michael Faraday, English
electrician.] Standard unit of electrical capacity ;
amount of electricity which, with an electro-motive force
of one volt, will pass through one ohm in one second.
Far-adio (fSr-Sd^k), a. Pertaining to Michael Fara-
day ; —applied esp. to induced currents of electricity.
Far'a-^sm(»r'4^Ts'm), \n. Medicinal treat-
Fara-d&«t'ttoll (-dl-si'shlin), ] ment with faradic
currents of electricltjr.
Faroe (fXrs), n. [F. ; fr. L. farcire^farmm, to stop up.]
1. StulBng used in dressing a fowl ; forcemeat. 2. A style
of comedy, marked by ludicrous incidents. 3. Empty
•how. — Fai^ol-oal (farM-kai), a. - FaT'ot-oal-ly, adv,
Fara (ftr), v. i. [AS. /onm to travel, fare ; aUn to
D.«wir0ii,O.7aAren,alsotoOr.vdp(Kaway.] 1. Togo;
to travel. 2. To be iu any state, good or bad. 3. To be
treated with bodily or social comforts ; to live. 4. To
happen well, or ill ; — used impersonally. — n. 1. Price
of passage or ffoing ; sum paid for conveying a person.
2. Condition ; fortune ; cheer. 3. Food ; entertainment.
FUa'WiU' (ftr'wOO, ifUerj. [Fare (yon) -f- ipelf.]
Ck> well ; adieu, — n. 1. A good-by ; adieu. 2. Aleavo-
taking. «*a. Parting: finaL
FaifaCOhadMf J^^itohf ), a. 1. Brought from far. 2.
Studiously sought; forced ; strained.
F»-inia (fi-rPni or-rS'ni), n. [L. floor, fr. /or grain,
spelt ; akin to E. baHey.'\ Fine flour made from cereal
grains or starch or f ecula of vegetables, used in cookery.
Farl-na^oaoos (fSr^-ni'shOs), a. 1. ConsitAing of
meal and flour. 2. Tielding farina. 3. Mealy.
Fam (fKrm), n. [OE. ferme rent, lease, Lli. flnruu
It. L. flrmw firm, fast] 1. Orig., the rent of land, paid
by reserving part of its products. 2. Land held under
lease and by payment of rent, for cultivation. 3. A
tract of land devoted to agricultural purposes. 4. A dis-
trict of country leased (or farmed)out for oolleotion of
government revenues, —v. t. 1. To lease or let for an
equivalent. 2. To give up to another (an estate, revenue,
etc.) for a percentage of what It yields. 3. To take at a
certain rate. 4. To devote (land) to agriculture ; to cul-
tivate (land) ; to till (a farm). —v. i. To engage in the
business of tilling the solL — Fazm'ar, n.
Fanning, «. Pertaining to agriculture ; devoted to
filming. — n. Business of cultivating land.
Far'O (ftr^), n. [Fr. the Egypthm king Pharaoh,
formerly represented upon one of the cards. ] A gambling
game at cards, in which the players oppose the bcmker.
Far'-Oir (fXr^fOt a. Remote.
D Far-ra'ffO (fir-rS'gft), n. [L., mixed fodder for cat-
tlej A mass of matenals confusedly mixed ; mixture.
Faz'tf-er (-rT-8r), n. [OF. ferreor, LL. ferrator, fr.
ferrare to shoe a horse, ferrum horseshoe, fr. L. ferrum
iron.] 1. A sheer of horses. 2. A veterinary surgeon.
Far'Il-«r-y(-J^),n. 1. Art of shoeing horses. 2. Vet-
erinary art. 3. Place where a smith shoes horses.
Far'row(fir'r6),n. [AS./earAlitUeplg.] A Utter of
pigs. — p. <. Ai, To bring forth (pigs).
Far'lrow, a. [Cf. Soot, ferry cow^ cow not wi^ calf,
AS. fearr bulLI Not producing a calf in a given year.
Far'aee'lng (fKr'sS^ng), a. J.. Able to see to a great
distance; farsigbted. 2. Having foresight.
Fai^Blkkt'Od (-sit'Sd), a. 1. Seeing to a great dis-
tance ; of good judgment ; sagacious. 2. Hypermetroiric.
Fai^tliar (fiir'tfaer), <r., eompar. of Fas< l*upert. FAm-
THOT (-thSst).] [For farrer. OE. ferrer, eompar. of far;
confused with further."] 1. More distant than something
else. 2. Tending to a greater distance ; additional ; fur-
ther. — adv. 1. At or to a greater distance. 2. Moreover.
Far^tliar-llioat' (-mSst/), a. Farthest
Far'tlMSt (-thSst), a., superl. of Fab. Most distant
— adv. At or to the greatest distance. See Fubtiust.
Far'thlng (-thTng), n. [AS. fedrSung, fr. feirSa
fourth, /(prfr./piJMw, four.]^ The fourth of a penny.
Far'Uill-Cale (-thTQ-gil), n. [OE. vardingale, Sp.
verduaado, named from its hoops, fr. verdugo shoot of a
tree, fr. verde green, L. viridU.'] A hoop skirt
n Faa'oea (t&sSs), n.pl. [L, pL of faseU bundle ; of.
Or. 0a««Aoc.] A bundle of rods, incloong an ax
witb the blade pr<>jecting, borne before ancient
Roman magistrates as a badge of authority.
Paa'oi-atO (fSsh^-tt), ) a. [L. fatciare^ -aium, '
Faa'Oi-a'ted (-5't8d), ) to envelop with bands,
fr. fascia band.] 1. Bound with a fillet or bandage.
2. Flattened by growth.
Faa'd-ole (fSs'sT-k'l), n. [h. fauiculus, dim.
of fascis. SeeFASCBS.] A small bundle or compact
cluster. —Faa-«l0^-iar (-slk'A-lir), a.
Faa'ot-natO (-n£t), v. t. iL.fa*cinare, •natum.']
1. To enchant 2. To allure. — Faa'ol-initlolL n.
8yn. — To charm ; captivate ; bewitch ; attract
Faa-Olne' (-«5n'^, n. [F., fr. L. faseina bundle of
sticks. See Fascbs.] A cylindrical bundle of sticks, for
raising batteries, strengthening ramparts, dams, etc.
Faah'lon (fSsh'&n), n. [F. fa^on^ orig., a makkig, fr.
' Fawts.
f^m, recent, drb, r^de, f^, tkm, food, fc^t, out, oil, oliair, go* ainB, ink, then, Uiin.
FASHIONABLE
216
FAVOR
Jj^taeHo^ tt, faeert to make.] 1. Make or form of any-
thmg ; mode of ttructure ; paMem : model ; execution.
2. PreTailing atyle, e«p. of orees. 3. Polite life ; social
rition ; good breeding. 4. Conduct ; custom. — ■ v. ^
To form ; to mold. 2. To fit ; to adapt {to). — Faill'-
ton-A-Vto (nbhmn-4-bU), a. — F«ahl0ll-A-IU7t adv.
Fait (fiat), V, i. [AS. fmstan ; akin to E. /(ut firm.]
To abran from food. — ». 1. Abatinence from food, or
certain kinds of food, as a sfMritual discipline or in re-
ligious humiliation. 2. A time of abstinence from food.
FssI dajr, a day appointed for fasting, humiliation,
inayer, etc., as a means of invoking Ood*s favor.
rut, a. [OE., firm, strong, not loose, AB. /msi.) 1.
Firmly fixed ; closely adhering ; not easily moved. 2.
Firm against attack ; strong. 3. firm in adherence ;
steadfast ; faithf uL 4. Permanent ; not liable to fade ;
lasting. 6. Not easilv broken ; deep ; sound. 8. Moving
rapidly ; swift. 7. Given to pleasure seeking ; dissolute.
— adv. 1. Firmly; immovably. 2. In a fast or rapid
manner ; swiftly ; wildly. — n. That which fastens ;
mooring rope or chain ; post to which hawsers are moored.
ri^tUL (fie^n), V, L [Aa/a^nian.] 1. To fix firmly ;
to secure, aa by a knot, lock, etc 2. To attach firmly ;
tocause todeave together. —v. L To clinch ; tooling. —
Fas'teii-«r, n. — FastMi-liic, '^
Syn. — To fix : cement ; sock ; link : affix ; annex.
nw-tldlHNUl (fIs-tTda-tts), a, [L. ffutidiotut, tr.Jas-
tidium aversion. 1 Difficult to please ; squeamish. — Fas-
tidt-OUS-ly, adv. -Fas-tldl-OUI-IIMM, n.
Sjn. — Fastidioitb ; Sqvbamisb ; critical ; ovemice ;
difflcnlt ; punctilious^— We call a person fastidious when
his taste or feelings are offended by trifling defects or
errors ; squeamish when he is excessively nice on minor
points, or overscrupulous as to questions of duty.
FMt'naMh n. [AS. fmstnesy fr. finst fast] 1. The
being fast and firm ; security ; faithfulness. 2. A fast
place : stronghold. 3. The being fast or swift.
Fat (fit), a. [A&/S//.] 1. Abounding with fat ; as :
(a) Fleshy ; plump ; corpulent. (6) Oily ; greasy ; rich ;
— said of food. A. Exhibiting qualities of a fat animal ;
coarse ; gross ; stupid. 3. Fertile ; productive. 4. Rich ;
produci^ a large income ; dedrable. — n. 1. An oily
substance in the adipose tissue of snimals and seeds of
plants. 2. The best part. — r. t. & i. To fatten.
Fatal (fi^ol), a. iU /atalis. It. faium. See Fatb.]
Oausing death or destruction ; mortal ; calamitous.
Fatal4sm (-Ts*m}, n. Doctrine that all things are
subject to fate, or take place by inevitable neoesnty. —
Fatal-ist, n. - Fa'tal-la'tio, a.
Fa-tal1-t7 (fArtSlT-tj^), n. [L. fataiHas.} 1. The
being fatal or proceeding from destiny ; invincible neces-
sity. 2. Tenaency to destruction or danger, as if by
decree of fate ; mortality. 3. A fatal event.
Fatal-lj (fi'tal-1^), adv. 1. In a manner determined
by fate. 2. Mortnlly ; destructivelv.
Fata (fit), n. [L. /aHtm prophetic declaration, oracle,
destiny, fr. fori to speak.] 1. A fixed decree of the uni-
verse ; inevitable necessity. 2. Appointed lot ; allotted
life ; doom ; ruin : death. 3. Element of chance in human
affairs. 4. p/. The three goddesses, Clotho, Lachesis, and
Atropos (the Destinies or Pnrcjr), anciently supposed to
determine the course of human life.
Syn. — Destiny j lot ; doom ; fortune ; chance.
Fat'ed (fSt^-)), p. p. A a. Decreed by fate ; doomed.
Fatallli(fSt'fyl),a. 1. Serving or accompUshing fate.
2. Significant of fate ; ominous.
Fathar (WthSr), n. [AS./seder ; akin to O. ro/er, L.
paier^ Or. iranjp. ] jL One who has l>egotten a child. 2. A
male progenitor ; founder of a race or family. 3. One
who gives affectionate care. 4. A respectful title of
address to an old roan. 6. Senator of ancient Rome. 6.
Dignitary of the church, confessor, prie»t, etc. ; eldest
member of a profession, etc. ?. One of the chief eccle-
riasticAl authorities of the first centuries after Christ ; —
often called collectively the Fathers. 8. An originator or
contriver ; diattncniahed evample or teacher. 9. TheSii-
preme Being and Creator ; God ; in theology, the first
Crson in the Trinity. — v. f . 1. To make one's self the
bher of ; to beget. 2. To take as one's own child ; to
adopt ; to acknowledge one's self responsible for (a state*
ment, policy, etc.).
Fanfur-hoaa (ficth8r-b«d),
State of beii« a
character or authority of a tether ; patemi^.
raiB«r-ln-lair (-Tn-lf^), n. Fsther of one's husband
or wife ; — corral, to tonA^iaw and daugkter'4m4aw.
FaOhMr-laildn-lludO. n. [Cf. D. tHufey^ojut] One's
native land ; land of one's ancestors.
Fathar-laaa, a. 1. Destitute of a Uving father. 2.
Without a known author.
FatlMr-ly.a. 1. Like a father in affection and care;
protecting. 2. Pert, to a father. — Fath«r-ll-liaaa, n.
Fath'om (fitii'Om), n. [AS. fmSm fathom, the em-
bracing arms.] A measure of length, containing six
feet ; space to which a man can extend hU arms ; — used
in measuring cables, cordage, and depth of water. » v. t.
To measure by a sounding Ihie ; to penetrate and com-
prehend ; to get to the bottom of. — Fatk'om-laaa, a.
Fa-tlCIW' &A-t8gO* A. [F., fr. /atiffuer to fatigoe, L.
fatigare.^ 1. Weariness from labor or exertion ; Isast-
tude ; exhaustion. 2. Labor ; tolL — v. t. To weary.
Syn.— To jade; tire; weary; bore. SeeJADB.
FatOlns (fitnfng), n. iFat + -^tii^.] A yoong ani-
mal fattened for slaughter.
Fatly, adv. Grossly ; greasily.
Fat'naaa, n. 1. The being fat or full-fed ; oorpoleney.
2. Richness. 3. That which fattens.
Fattan (fitt'n), v.L&i. To make or beoome fat
Fatly (-ty), a. Greasy ; gross. — Fatli-liaaa, i».
Faftt-OUa (-tt-Os; 40), a. [L. fatuut.^ 1. Feeble in
mind ; weak ; sUly ; stupid. 2. / Without reality ; illu-
sory, like the ignis fatuut. — Fa-tQl-ty (fi-tul-t^), ».
nFao'Murf'(f5'b«Br';JS?.fyb»rg),n. [F.] A sub-
urb of a French city.
Faa'oal (fft'kal), a. [L. fauet* throat] Pertafaiing
to the fauces, or opening of the throat ; f audaL
UFaa'oea (-s8s), n. pL [L.] 1. Narrow paan«e
from mouth to pharynx. 2. Throat of a calyx, etc
Fan'oat (fft'sSt ; eoUoq. fis^t), n. [F. /otiMef.] Fix-
ture to draw liquid from a pipe, cask, etc ; tap ; cock.
Favlt (f ftlt), n. [OE. & ¥. fatae^ tt. L. faUtre to de-
ceive.] 1 Defect ; lack ; default 2. Defect ; blemish.
3. A moral failing ; offense less serious than a crime.
4. (o) A dislocation of geological strata
or veins, (ft) Coal rendered worthless |
by impurities in the seam. 6. A lost
scent in hunting. 3. Failure to serve a |
tennis ball into the proper court.
Syn. — Fault; Failiho; Dsracr;
FoiBLB ; error ; blemish ; imperfection ; ^
wealcness ; blunder ; vice. — A fault is t"
positive, something morally wrong ; a
fniling is nM^ve, some weakneas in Fkrlt rcnilting in
character or habits ; a defect is the ab- elerAtion of the
sence of anything necessary to perfec- coal •mmt 1. t,
tion : a foible is a less important weak- slong the plans
uess, which we smile at ««^'
Fanlt^aaa, a. without fault or blemish ; perfect —
Favltlaaa-ly, adv. — FattltOaaa maa, n.
Syn.- Blameless; spotless; perfect SeeBLAMnaw.
Faulty i,-S)% a. 1. Containing faults or defects; not
fit for the use intended. 2. Guilty of faults ; worthy of
censure. — Faoltl-lT, adv. — Favltl-liaaa, n.
Faim (fan)f *>• [^ Faunus^ fr. favtrt to favor.] ▲
Roman god of fields and shepherds, resembling the satyr.
Fan'na (f )^n4), n. [NLO Animals of an area or epoch.
II Faux' paa' Ki^ \Af\ [F.] False step ; blunder ; sUp.
Fa'TOr (fa'vSr), n. [Written also /<mwr.] [OF. A
L., fr. L. favere to favor.] 1. Kind regard ; good will.
2. A countenancing, or being regarded propitioutly. 3.
A kind office. 4. Mildness or mitigation of punishment
jl, 8, 1, 5y fl. long ; ft, «, Y, 5, a, tt ahort ; san2te, 3vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cAre, Knn, 4U, 9II, final.
FAVORABLE
217
FEED
S. Obieetof ragaid ; penon or thing favored. 8. A nre»-
ent ; knot of ribbons, etc 7. PartiaUty ; bias. 8. A
letter ; — so called in compliment. —v. t, 1. To regard
with kindncM ; to aid ; to show partiality towards. 2.
To facilitate. 3. T^ resemble in features.
Syn. — Kindness; coantenance ; lenity; grace; benefit.
Fft'lror-a-Vto (fi'vSr-A-b*l), a. [Written also favour-
•Me.] [F. ; L. favorabUis^ f r. /ovor.l 1. Full of favor ;
partial; friendly. 2. Conducive; ad vantageous. — Fft'-
VQf4l-1d#-B8Mh A* — Fft'TOr-41-blFt odv.
Fa'TOr-lto (-it), n, [OF. Javmii^ p. p. of favorir to
favor.] 1. One r^;arded with favor or paruality. 2.
The competitor judged most likely to win in a race.— a.
Benrden with preference. — Fft^TOr-it-lim, n.
Fawn (fan), n. [OF. faon young of any heart, fawn,
fr. 'L./tiu».\ 1. A young deer. 2. A fawn color. —a.
Of the color of a fawn. — v. i. To bring forth a fawn.
Fawn, V. i» [OB. fawnen to flatter, AS. fmgnian to
rejoice.] To court favor by cringing, as a dog ; to flatter
mesnly . — n. Mean flattery ; sycophancy. — FaWB'tr, n.
Fay (fi), n. [F. /^.] A fairy ; elf.
Fay, V. t. [AS. ^gan.1 To fit ; to join (two pieces of
wood) soas to make the surfaces fit together. — v.<. To
Ue cloee together ; to fadge.
FV'al-ty (tVal-m, n. XOE. A OF. /eauU, L. fldeiitas,
tr.MeHsb^thtul.} 1. FfdeUty ; loyalty. 2. Constancy
of friend to friend, or of a wife to her husband.
Sjn. — Homage ; loyalty ; fidelity ; constancy.
FMUr (fSr), N. [AS./£r.1 1. A painful emotion ex-
cited l^ apprehension of danger; anxiety; dread. 2.
Apprehenalon of Ood*s wrath ; awful reverence for the
Supreme Being. 3. That which causes apprehmsion or
alarm. —V. t.&i. To dread ; to venerate.
Tmitul (fSz'fvl)* o- 1* l^uU of fear, apprehension,
or alarm ; afraid. 2. EasOy frightened ; timid. 3. Indi-
cating, or caused by, fear. 4. Inspiring fear or awe ;
terrible. — Fearlol-ly, adv, — Feartul-IIMM, n.
Syn. — Apprehensive ; afraid ; timid ; timorous ; hor-
rible ; distressing ; shocking ; frightful ; dreadful ; awfuL
FaarOMW, a. Free from f ear. — FaaraaSB-ly , adv.
To
Syn. — Bold ; daring ; undaunted ; dauntless ; heroic.
T9WnMnghtf (-nftt/)> ». 1. A fearless person. 2.
Stout woolen cloth ; dreadnaught ; a warm garment.
FMlfal-Vto(f8'zT-bn),a. [F./ai;«a6/e.fr.^f«tomake
or do, L. /aeers.] Capable of being done or effected ;
pnwticable. — FMl'al-1U«-llMW, Foa'al-lilll-ty, n.
Faast (fSrt), n. [OB. & OF. feste fertival, F. /gte,
fr. L. fettum, pi. /wte, fr. fesius joyful.] 1. A festival ;
holiday. 2. A festive meal ; a banouet.— v. <. 1 . To eat
sumptuously. 2. To be highly delighted. — v. /. 1.
entertabi bountifully. 2. To delight ; tn Tmt^fy.
Sjn. — Fba8t;Bakou>t: Fbs-
tital; CABomuL; entertainment ;
treat; festivity. —A feasi seU
before us superior viands ; % ban-
quet is a luxurious feart : a feiti-
vol Is the celebration by good
oheer of some agreeable event.
Otroutal Is unrestrained indul-
gence in frolic snd drink.
Feat (fit), ». [OB.<ftOF.M
F. faiit faohtmy fr. L. facere^
/ae(i(fn,tomakeorda] A deed;
exploit.
FM^ar (fStfa'Sr), n. [AS.
feSer; akin to D. veder. Or.
9np6¥ wins. ] 1. One of the der-
2. The fringe of long hair on the have been out away on
legs of some dogs. 3. A tuft of one side i 6 AcceMory
fr&ily hair on a horse. 4. Wing £>«•"« ^•'/*"!',f "> » ^^^^ <^
onthishaftofanarrow. 6.ThS B^bi, c/ Quill.
angular adjurtment of an oar or paddle-wheel fioat. —
V. f. 1. To furnish with feathers. 2. To torn (an oar)
horisontaUy. — Faath'arad (fSth'Srd), Foath'ar-y, a.
FoaOnra (VyttLr ; 40), n. [OF. faiture fashion, make,
f r. L. fadura formation, f r. facere^Jaelum^ to make. ] 1.
The make, form, or ^pearance of a person. 2. The cast
of the human face ; a lineament \ {pi.) the countenance.
3. Structure of anything ; marked characteristic.
Foa^tora-laM (-Us), a. Having no dlstkict or distinc-
tive features.
Fab'll-ta'otont (fSb'rT-fi'shent), a. [L. felnrit fever
-{-/ociefw, p. pr. ol facere to make.] Febriflc
Fe4»ino (l«-brIfTk), a. [L. /ebrU -f -Jioare (in
comp.) to make. See -rr.] Producing fever.
Fab^-fnga (fib^rl-fuj), n. [L. febrU -{-fugare to put
to flight, ir./ugere to flee.] A medicine to cure fever.
— a. Antifebrile. — Fa-lnlf ^-gal (f t-brlf 'd-gal), a.
PaTttlla(fybrTlorf«l/rIl),a. IF. /Sbrile.} Pertain-
ing to fever ; indicating fever, or derived from it.
Fab'ni-a-nr (fSb^ry-t-rj^), n. [L, Febntanu*^ orig.,
month of expiatiou, f r. februare to expiate.] The second
month in the year.
Fa'oaa (fFsez), n.jpl. F»ces ; excrement. — Fa'oal, a.
Fao^-la (fSk'd-li), ». ; pi. Fbcuub (-»). [L., salt of
tartar, dim. of faex./aecu^ sediment, dregs.] Pulveru-
lent matter obtolnea from plants by breaking down the
texture, (a) Nutritious part of wheat ; starch or farina,
(ft) Green matter of plants ; chloropbylL
rao^-lont, a. Foul with extraneous or impure sub>
stencee ; turbid. — Fao^-lanoa, Fao'ii-lan-oy, n.
Fao^imd (-find), a. [L. feeundiu^ fr. root of fetut.'\
Fruitful in children ; prolific.
FaotU-data (-fin-dlt), v. t. l. To make prolific. 2.
To render (plants) fruitful. — Fao'lm-datioil, n.
Fannui'd-ty (ft-klin'dT-ty), n. 1. Power of produ-
cing fruit, or of reprod ucius in great numbers. 2. Power
of ^rminating. 3. Fertihtv ; richness of invention.
Fad (fSd), imp. & p. p. of Fbbo.
Fad'ar-al (fM^r-al), a. [L./oe(ftw league.] 1. Per-
taining to a treaty or covenant, esp. between nations. 2.
(Composed of states which retain only a subordinate and
limited sovereignty ; pertaining to such a government.
Fad'ar-al-lat, n. Advocate of confederation ; friend
of the Constitution of the United States at its adoption.
Fad'ar-atO (-it), a. [L. foederare, -alum, to esUb-
lish bv treaty, f r. /oedu*.^ Leagued ; confederate.
Fad'ar-a'ttOO, n. l. A confederating. 2. A league.
Fad'ar-a-tiya (-A-tTv), a. Uniting m a league ; federal.
Faa (fS), n. [AS. feoh cattle, property, monev ; akin
to L. pecut cattle, pecunia property, money.] 1. Prop-
erty ; possession ; tenure. 2. Reward for services ren-
dered ; pavment for professional services ; cliarge ; per-
quisite. 3. By feudal law, a right to use a superiors'
land, as a rtipend for services ; land so held ; a fief. 4.
By Bnglish law, an estate of inheritance supposed to be
held from the sovereign, and absolutely vested in the
owner. 6. By American law, an estate of inheritance
belonging to the owner, and transmissible to his heirs,
absolutely. —V. t. To reward for services ; to hire.
Fss fkna, land held of another in fee. in consideration of
an annual rent : sn estate in fee simple, subject to a per-
petual rent. — Fss simple, an absolute fee.
FaaOaa (fyb'l), a. [OF. ffbU, floibe, Joihle, L. fiebUu
lamentable, fr. ilert to weep.] 1. Deficient in strength ;
weak ; debilitated. 2. Wanting vigor ; not full, bright,
rtrong, etc. ; faint — FaaOila-iiaaa, n. — FaaOlly, adv.
Faa^a-mlnd'ad (•roind'Sd), a. irresolute ; imbecile.
Faad (fid), r. /. [imp. «fc p. p. Fbd (fM) ; p.pr. &
r6. n. Fbboiho.] [A8./F(faii, fr./9f/a food.] 1. To give
food to. 2. To satisfy ; to minister to (any sense, taste,
desire, etc.). 3. To supply with that which is used or
wasted. 4. To strengthen, develop, and guard. 6. To
grace ; to cause to be cropped by feeding. 6. To give
for food ; to furnish for consumption. 7. To supply (ma-
terial to be operated upon) to a machine. — r. i. 1. To
fSra, recant, drb, r^de. f yll, Am, focMl, iiFot, out, oil, cliair, go, sing, i||k, tben, tbixu
FEEDER
218
FENDER
takefood;toe«t 2. TonibdrtbTaatliig; tofeadone^a
•elf (upon aomethiug) ; to prey {on or upon). 3. To
place oMle to feed ; to pMture ; to grmse. *-». 1. Tlwt
wliich ia eaten ; food for beaata ; fodder. 2. A pMture
ground. 3. A meal for a horae, cow, etc 4. Water aup-
pUod to ateam boilera. 6. (a) Supply of material to a
uuiohine. lb) Mecbaniam for leedhig ; feed motion.
r99A'9tiad^T),n, 1 One that feeda. 2. A tribu-
tary atream, fouutaiu, road, or medium of aupply.
FmI (f«l), V. U [imp. & p. p. FiLT (f«lt) ; p, _
vb. n, Fbbuno.] [as. /elan.} 1. To perceire by touch.
2. To handle ; to teat. 3. To be aenaiUe of, or aenaitive
to. 4. To be conaciouaof. ^«. i. 1. To have percep-
tion by the touch. 2. To have the aenaibilitiea affected.
3. To perceire one*a aelf to be. 4. To know oertainly.
<^n. A aenaation communicated by touching.
rMl'cr, A. 1. One that feela. 2. One of the aenae
orgoua of inaecta, etc., uaed in teating objecta by touch ;
antenna; palp. 3. A propoaal, obeenration, etc, put
forth to aaoertain the vlewa of othera.
FMlInc, a. 1. Poaeeaaing great aenaibUity ; eaaUy
moved. 2. Expreoaiveof aanaibility.^n. 1. Senae by
which the mind perceiTea external objecta ; aenae of touch.
2. An approbeudiug ; conaoiouaneas. 3. Emotion.
Sjn. — See Kmotiom, PxaaioK, Skktimbiit.
IrMMns-ly, adv. lu a leeUug manner; patbetioaUy.
P««t (fit), n., pi. of Foot.
Felgll (fan), V. I. TF. /eindre (p. pr. /eiffnmU)^ f r. h.
fingero; akin to L. ngura figure.] 1. To ima^ne ; to
relate aa if true. 2. To pretend.— Felgn'tr, ti.
F«iBt (fint)jjr». [F. Jeinte^ fr. /miU, p. p. of feindro
to feign.] 1. That which ia feigned ; pretenae ; atrata-
gem. 2. A mock attack on one part when another la
to be atruck. ^ v. i. To make a mock attack.
F«l4'spW (fSld'apliW), i n. [O. /etdspath ; /eld field
F*ld'rt«tll' (-apIthO, I -^fpathtvT.] A group of
cryatalline minenua, breaking in two directlona at right
anglea to each other. — F«ld-sp«t]l1o, F«ld-i|Mlt]l'OM, a.
F0-ll0l-Ut« (rt-lT«nf-at), v. t. [L. /eHeUare, -latum,
tt. /elixy -icU, happy.] 1. To make very happy. 2. To
wiah felicity to; to contrratuUte. — Fo-liO'l-UtlOII, n.
8yn« — See Cohoeatitlatb.
Fe-Uoi-ty (T-ty), «. [L./elMta*,tr./elix,.4eis.\ 1.
The being happy ; enjoyment. 2. Proaperity. 3. A pleaa-
Ing faculty. — Fo-Uol-tOIUI, a. - Fo-lWl-tOUI-ly, adv.
Syn. — Bliaa; bleaaedneaa. See HAPriNiaa.
F«ailM (fSnin), a. [L./e/tnta,fr./e/i«oat.] 1. Cat-
like. 2. Characteriatio of cata ; atealthy ; treaoheroua.
11 T^Um (fyiTa), n. [L., cat.] A genua of oamivoroua
mammala, including the cat, lioo, tiger, panther, etc.
Fdl (fSl). <mp- of Fall.
FelL a, [Ok. & OF. /el.1 Cruel ; fierce ; ravenoua.
Feu, n. [AS.; akin to L peliis akin, Or. vcAAo.]
Skin of a beaat with the wool or hair on : p«lt.
FeU,n. [Icel./W/, //«//.] 1. A rocky hill. 2. A moor.
F«U, V. I. [imp. A p. p. Fkllbo (f«ld) ; p, or. A rb.
n. FB.LIKO.] [As. /elCrm, a cauaatlve verb fr. jealtan to
fnll.] To cauae to fall ; to prostrate ; to cut down.
Ftll, V. t, [Cf. Gael. /// to fold, plait, Sw. /SU a hem.]
To aew (aeama). ^ n. 1. Seam Joining two piecea of cloth,
edge to edge. 2. End of a web, formed by itA last thread.
II FtlOall (fSllA), n. ; pi. At. Fbllahir (-hSn), E. Fel-
LAH8 MAt). [Ar.J A peasant of Ef^ypt, Syria, etc
FaU'tr (flQIr), n. One that fella, knocks or cuta
down : machine for foiling treea. [ing a seam. I
FtU'tr, n. An arpliance to a aewing machine for fell- 1
Ftiaoe (flnn*). n. Felly.
Fallow, n. [Icel. /flagi, tt. /Hag companionahip,
prop., a laying together of property ; je property + lag
a laying, pi. log law.] I. A companion; comrade;
partner. %. A man without breeding or worth. 3. An
equal in power, rank, character, etc. 4. One of two
thinga suttM to each other ; a mate. 6. A person. 6. In
Bngliah universities, a scholar appointed to a foundation
called %/oUawtMp, 7. In an American cbUeg«, a manh
ber of the corporation ; also, a graduate receiving the in-
otMne of a feUowahip. 8. A member of a teamed aodety.
FtlOow-crMtlira (fOat-krS'ifir ; 40), ». One of the
same raoe or kind ; one made by the same Creator.
FalOow-iMFlBC, n. Sympathy.
P«ll0W-fllllp, H. 1. State of a feOow or aaao elite
2. C<nnpanionahip ; familiar intercourae. 3. PartnCT-
ship ; Joint interest. '4. Thoaa aaaociated with one. aa
in a family or aociety. 6. A foundation to maintain a
acholar called a /ellow. 6. Arithmetical rule (or divid-
proflt and loaa amons paitnera.
". In a f ell or cmel
Twiy (fOnj^), adv.
FcllT, n. ; pi. FkLLoa (-ITs). [AS. /elg, /elge.} Ex-
terior rim of a wheel, auppoited by the apokea.
0 FtlO U m'imt-dM'), n. ; pi. Am-m^ (fl'-
15t-). [LL. /elo, B. /eUm + d« of -f m aelf . ] One who
loaea hla life in oommitting a crime ; a suicide.
F«1'0II aa'ttn), n. [OE., adj., cruel, n., riUain, traitor,
whitlow, F. /Hon traitor. See Fsll, o.] 1. One guilty
or capable of a felony or heinoua crime. 2. A kind of
whitlow. — a. Malignant; traltoroua; dlal<>yal. ~ F»-
lO^latouCft-lS^T-Bal, a. - Fo-lo^Ht-OOMy. adv.
Syn. — Criminal ; convict ; malefactor ; culprit.
F«l'04iy (fSl'ft-uy), n. A heinoua crime, esp. one
punlahable by death ur impriaonment.
P«l'ln«I'(-ap)(r/]|^F«l'qMltll'(-epitbO,». Feldapar.
F«lt (fUt), imp. & p. p. or a. from 1
F^ n, [AS.] 1. A fabric of matted fibera of i
woven wooL 2. A bat made of felt. *-r. f. 1. Toi
into felt, or a feltlike aubatance. 2. To cover with felt.
Fcinns, n. Material for felt ; felted cloth.
T^iuR (fFmD), n. [L. /emella, dim. of /emin*
woman.] 1. One of the aex that beara young. 2. A
plant producing only reproductive organa ci^mUim of d»
veloping Into fruit after impregnation or fertilization ; a
pistillate plant. — a. 1. Belonging to the aex which beiura
young or producea ova ; not male. 2. Characteriatic of
woman; feminine. 3. Having piatila and no atamena|
in cryptogMDOua planta, capable of fertilisation.
Syn. — Fbmalk ; FsiiniiirB. — We apply /ema/<> to the
aex. aa opposed to male ; also to belonginga of women ;
/emminey to things appropriate to women.
Faml-nlllt (fSml-uTn), a. lU/eminintu^ tr./emina.^
1. Pertaining to a woman, or to women ; womaiUsh ; wo-
manly. 2. Having the qualities of a woman ; in a good
aense, modest, graceful, affectionate; in a bad sense,
weak, timid, effeminate. 3. Having a gramnuUical form
belonging to appellati<»ia of females.— n. One of thoaa
worda which are araellations of females, or have termi-
nations of auch worda ; aa, actress, executrix,
II Temm (fS'mttr), n. ; pi. FsMoaA (f«m'ft-rA). pL]
(a) Thigh bone. (6) Proximal aegment of the limb ooo-
tdning the thigh bone ; thigh.— Ftm'O-ral (fSm'd-ral), a.
Foa (fSn), n. [AS.] Low land covered with water,
but producing aquatic planta ; boggy bmd ; moor ; marah.
Fenoa (fiua), n. fAbbr. fr. de/^ee.] 1. That which
f enda off attack or danger ; a def enae ; protection. 2.
An incloaure about a field or other apace. 3. Self-
defenae by the aword ; akill In debate and repartee. 4.
A receiver of atolen gooda, or place where ther are re-
ceived. [Slang]^r. t. 1. To fend off danger from ; to
guard. 2. To incloaa or aecnre. ^v. <. H To make a
defenae. 2. To practice attack and defenae with the
sword. 3. To dispute.— F«B'0tr(fSn's3r),fi,
Fen'ol-bto (-sT-b*l), n. A soldier for home service.
Fen'otng (-slug), n. 1. Attack and defense with the
sword. 2. Dispute or debate. 3. Materials for building
fences. 4. The building a fence.
Fend (fSnd), V. t. [Abbr. fr. de/end.} To keep off ;
to shut out. ^v. i To resiat ; to parry ; to ahif t off.
Fend'er, n. One that def enda by warding off harm ; aa :
(a) A acreen to prevent coala of a fire from escaping to
the floor, (b) A cuahion to prevent a vettel from striking
S, 6, 1, 5, a, long ; li, fi, T, 5,tt, t> abort ; aanftte, 6vant, tdea, Obey, Unite, oAre, iinn, ikak, nil, flnoL
FENIAN
219
FETLOCK
aaoUMT tmmI or a wliarf. (e) A acreen to protect a
carriage from mul thrown off the wheels; apUuhboard.
Ft'nl-aB (m^uT-an), n, [Fr. the Pinions or FenU, the
old militia of Ireland, named from Fin or Fingal^ a
legendary hero.] A member of a secret organisation,
seeking freedom from English rule. —Ft'lll-AII-Ism, n.
FtB'llM (fSn'Dfik), n. [Ar. /ane4;.] A smaU African
foxlike animal, having very large ears.
Fmi'imI (-n61), fi. [AS. /eno/, fr. L. /enietdum^ dim.
ot/enum hay.] A perennial plant having very finely
divided leaves, and cultivated for its aromatic seeds.
Ftn'lllflll (-nTsh), Feil^y (-n^), a. Pertaining to, or
faihsbiting, a fen ; abounding in fens ; swampy ; boggy.
FmII (f8f), V, L [imp. & p. p. FwowrwD (fift) ; p. pr.
A vb. n. FiovFixo.] [OV./effer, fr. fie/ fief.] To kveet
with a fee or feud ; to enfeoff. — n. A fief.
P«0l-lef (f»f-fy)» »». [OV.feoffi.^ Person enfeoffed.
FMft'mMlt (-ment), n. (a) The grant of a feud or fee.
(6) A gift or eonveyuice in fee of land, etc.
FMfitor (-f5r), FMTItf (-f«r), n. One who enfeoffs.
FeOrflMCfS'rinXa. [L./rr<ntM,fr./entf. BeeFmos.]
WDd ; untamed ; savage.— n. A beast of prey.
F«l^«llt (fSr'ment), n. [L. /ermentrtm,^ X. That
which causes fermentation, as yeast, barm, or ferment-
iitf^beer. 2. Intestine motion ; heat ; agitation.
Fer-manf (fSr-mSuf), v. t. To cause fermentation or
internal emotion in ; to heat. ^ v. <. 1. To undergo fer-
mentation ; to effervesce. 2. To be violently agitated.
— Fcr-inMira-lile, a. - F«r-meiira-1ill1-ty, n.
FcMBMI-tA'tloil, n. 1. Chemical change of organic
substances by which their starch, sugar, gluten, etc.. are
decomposed, and recombined in new compoundii. 2. A
state of agitation or excitement.
Fcr-menf a-tlTt (-ment'4-tTv), a. Causing, or able to
cause, fermentation ; produced by fermentation.
Ftm (fSm), n. [AS. /eam.1 An order of cryptoga-
mous plants, having their fructificaUon on
the back of the fronds or leaves, and usu-
ally found in humid soil. [ing ferns. I
Fcm'tr-y (-^r-3^). « A jAace for rear-|
Ftm'y (-f ), a. Abounding in ferns.
F«-ro^iO«i (ft-rS^shttfl). a. VL. feroi
oeU^ fierce, akin to /eru* wild. Se
*. V, Lsd7 Fern
«, the C^fpfc"*"?* FU
' • Itx-frrmtM).
\, ferox^
•oeU^ fierce, akin to /eru* wild. Sea
Fuses.] Fierce: indicating cruelty;
ravenous. — Ft-rO^dOIUhly, adv. — Fe-
lo'ekNUhnesB, F«-roo^-ty (-rBaT-ty). n.
Hjn, — Fssociors ; Fisscs ; Savaos;
Basbabous. — When these words are ap-
plied to human feeliufcs or conduct, fero-
ciout describes the disposition \ fierce^ the
baste and violence of an act ; barbaratUt
Its coarseness and brutality ; Mvage^ the
cruel and unfeeling spirit which it showed.
TWM (fJr'rBt), n. [LL. furo; prob. fr. L. /ur
thief.] An animal of the Weasel family, used to hunt rab-
bits and rats. — r. /. To hunt out of a lurking place ; to
search out patiently and sagaciously. [row tape. I
T9t*n^ It. [lUl. fioreUo^ dim. of fiore flower.] Nar- 1
Ftr'ttt, n. [F. ; dim. of /er iron, L. /ernim.'l A
glassmaker's iron tool.
F«r^aff» (-rT-tJ ; 20), n. Fare paid at a ferry.
Fnr'rlO (-rTk), a. [L. /errum iron.] Pertaining to
iron ; denoting chemical compounds in which iron has a
hiffher valence than in ferrous compounds.
Ftr'ro-typ« (-rd-tip), n. [L. /errum -f -/yp«.] A
picture photographed on an iron plate ; tintype.
Ftr-ni'fl-llOIIS (-rw'jT-ntts), a. [L. /erruginus, fr.
ferrugo^ -ginis^ iron rust.] 1. Partaking of iron. 2.
Like iron rust ; brownish red, or yellowi«h red.
Fcr'nilt (-rtl), n. [Formerly verrely F. virole^ fr. L.
wiriola little bracelet.] Metal ring or cap put round a
cane, tool, etc., to prevent splitting and wearing.
Far^ (-ry), v. t. & i, [AS. /erian to convey, fr.
/amn to go. See Fasb.] To pass over water, in a boat.
^»n, 1. Place where persons or things are carried
in a ferryboat 2. A ferryboat; wherry. 3. Bight to
carry passengers, etc., in boats, charging tolls.
F«nT-lMar (fSr'ij^-bOtO, n. A vessel to convey paa-
ngers, goods, etc., across narrow waters. [a ferrr. I
xm*T^-'WaiL (•man), n. One who maintains or attends!
FeinU« (l8r'tTi). a. [L. /triUis, fr. /erre to bear,
ftroduce.] 1. Producing vegetation in abundance ; fruit-
ul ; prolific ; productive ; rich ; inventive. 2. (a) Capa-
ble of producing fruit. (6) Containing pollen; — said of
anthers. 3. Produced in abundance ; plenteous ; ample.
— F«r^o-Iy, adv. - Fortlto-neM, F«r-tll1-ty, n.
Syn. — FsBTiLs; FBurrruL. — Fertile implies the in-
herent power of production ;/rui//M/, the act.
FWdll-iatton (-tT-lT-sS'Uilin), n. l. a rendering
fertile. 2. A fecundating ; impregnation.
Ftr^-lln (-tT-lIs), V. t. 1. To make fertUe or enrich ;
to make productive. 2. To fecundate.
Far^li'MT, n. 1. One that fertilizes, or carries the
fertilizing principle, as a moth to an orchid. 2. A com-
mercial manure, as guano, phosphate of lime, etc.
FOT'llle (f«rfri or -vl), n. [L. /erula, fr. /erire to
strike.] A flat piece of wood, for striking children, in
punishment. ^ v. t. To punish with a ferule.
Ftr'TMlt (fSr'vent), a. TF. ; L. /ervens^ -entis^ p. pr.
of/ervere to boil, glow.] L Hot ; glowing ; boiling. 2.
Warm in feeling ; full of fervor ; zealous. — ]
Ij.adv. — FcTtmiMmmi, Ftr'Toii-oy, n.
Y9tv1A^ a. IL. fervidus, fr. /ervere.'] 1. Very hot ;
burning ; boiling. 2. Ardent ; zealous. — Fw'vld-Iy, <ufv.
TBtrm{-v%r),n. [Written also/prrottr.] [OF. &L.]
1. Heat ; excessive warmth. 2. Intensity of feeling or
exr^'' "'Trui: : (flrnvipBt arior ; pnwl^-i : h-!T leaL
h;\ii,. VRnvwa: A^ruio.. Frf-- ingheat,and
ar ■ in-tMii li^'Lit. in iii.'t.n|itiiir, t'.i' uHi' ^CTVor tosug-
ge tiuitK iiuOi^r ttjr iiti[it^4f!Df eUilhitonHorasponri^
th ^ I » fnrtli. Ar.ffsJ rn ii^'d at Ptiiy tiling springing
in - 1 i ■t'fMHijitrii KltfW i'i w)uL
Foa'tal ^T#*'Ufl), w, iU/fftfimhoWd^y. SeeFsAST.]
PtriALciJiiji t^i a iiQlHay x Joy on* ; fefttire.
ro»'|flr ( -tS r K * . ^. & r . [OF.ft^^i ii r, f r. /estre, L. fis-
tu!n a KiTt of iilcpr.] 1. To i^fnerfitp ]|^l1^l; to inflame
aodMiipiturut^. 9, Ti^^owvinaeiittOrtucili i.mant ; to ran-
kle. *-»n. 1^ A smtLll mtc wikkU beeouies inflamed and
discharges corrupt matter ; a piutule. 2. A rankling.
Fm^-TAI (-tf-val), a. [OF. ; fr. lu/estivum jollity,
fr. /estivus. See Fssmrs.] Pertainhig to a feast; fes-
tive ; festaL ^n. A time of feasting or celebration.
Syn. — Feast ; banquet ; carousal. See Fsast.
FMKttv* (-tTv), a. [L. /estivus, fr. /estum holiday,
feast.] Pertaining to a feast ; festal ; gay ; sportive.
F6»-tl¥l-ty, n. 1. A being festive ; social joy at an
entertainment. 2. A festival ; festive celebration.
Fas-toon' (-tS&n^), n. [F. /eston, prob. fr. lA./esium.'\
1. A hanging wreath, used in decoration for festivals,
etc. 2. A carved omamentdepending in a natural curve,
^r. t. To form in festoons, or adorn with festoons.
Fos-tOOB^ (-y), a. Pertaining to, or like, festoons.
Fe'Ul \iVta\), a. Pertaining to a fetus.
Fetoh (f8ch), V. t. [AS./rrean ,• akin to/«/ a Journey,
and E. /oot.'\ 1. To go and bring ; to get. 2. To obtain
as equivalent ; to sell for. 3. To revive. 4. To reduce ;
to throw. 6. To make. 6. To arrive at ; to reach by
sailing. 7. To cause to come. — v. i. To bring one*s
self ; to make headway, —n. A trick ; artifice.
II FotO (fit), n. [F. See Fsast.] A festivaL —v. f.
To feast ; to honor with a festival.
FoOtoh, Femsh (fS'tTsh), n. [F. /itiehe. Pg. /eiti^o,
adj., artificial, n., sorcery, fr. L. /acticius made by art.]
A material object worshiped among certain African
tribes. — Fo'tloll-ism. Fo'tllll-telll, n.
Fetid (f8t1d or fS'ttd), a. [L. /etidus, fr. /etere to
stink.l Having an offensive smell ; stinking.
FotlOOk (f«tn5k), n. [OE. /etlak, cf. Icel. /et step.]
Projection behind and above the hoof of the horse ana
I similar animals ; joint, or tuft of hair, at this point.
fini, recant, 6rb, n|da, f^ lira, food, (dbt, out, oil, cbair, BOf sinB, ink, tlien, thin.
FETOR
220
FIEND
F»lor (fFtSr), n. [L. See FsiiD.] Aitenoh.
r0tt«r (f St'tSr), n. [AS. fetor, /eter ; akin to L .
ea, Or. W^n, and E./oo(,'\ jL A ahackle for the feet ; a
bond. 2. A restraint, —v. /. To sliackle ; to restrain.
Ft'tns (f S'tfia), n. ; pi. Fbtuibs (•«<). [L. /etus, /oe-
tus, brood, offspring.! The young or embryo of an ani-
mal in the womb, or m the egg. [^i^^^^n also /as^M.]
Fend (fudj, n. [AS. /gh&, f r. /3A hostUe.] 1 A oom-
bination of kindred to avenge mjoriet to any of their
blood. 2. A quarrel ; inveterate strife ; deadly hatred.
Syn. — Affray ; fray ; broil ; contest ; dispute ; strife.
Fend, n. [LL./eudum, feodum, prob. akin to E. flff*^
A stipendiary estate in land, held of as nperior, by serv-
ice : a fief ; fee. -> FMi'dAl, a.
Fmi'dAl'Ism, n. The feudal system, by which the
holding of estates in land depended upon an obligation to
render military service to the king or feudal superior ;
feudal ussges.— Fea'dal-Urt, n.— All-d«ll-ty (-dIlM.».
Fmi'da-ry (-di-rj^), a. Held by, or pertaining to, feu-
dal tenure. — n. A feudatory.
Fra'da-to-rr (-(«-rj^), Fmi'da-u-iy (-tt-rj^), n. A
vassal holding lands on condition of feudal service ; tenant
of a feud or fief. — a. Held on conditional tenure.
Fe'rer (f5'v8r), n. [hA. fefer,!^ febritA 1. A dis-
ease marked by increased heat and general derangement
of the functions, with thirst and loss of appetite. 2. Bx-
oesaive excitement from strong emotion.
Fe'VSr-llll, a. 1. Having a fever ; affected with a
moderate degree of fever ; i^owing increased heat and
thirst. 2. Indicating fever. 3. Hot; sultry. 4. Disor-
dered ; excited ; restless. — Fo^rer-lsll-IIMV, n.
Few (f u), a. [AS. fed, pL fe6,we.'\ Not many ;
limited, or confined in number. — FewliaM, n.
Fm (fSt), n. [F., name of a town in Morocco.] A
felt cap, usually red, a variety of tarboosh.
II Walo^' (f *^'s»o, n. m., n n'an'otfe^, n. /. [F.]
One betrothed.
llFl-U'oo(fl-ito^ft),n. rit.J A ridiculous failure.
Fl'at (fl'Xt), n. [L. , let it be done, tr.fieH, used as pass,
of /ar^0to make.J^ An authoritative command or degree.
. fibre, L. fibraA 1. One of
of the tissues of
> (Hb), n. [Prob. fr. /aWf .] A falsehood ; Ife. —
r. i. To speak falsely. [CollooA
FMwl(fi'b8r), n. \t. fibre.
Film I the threadlike portions
Slants and animals. 2. Any fine, slender thread. 3.
hiew ; strength ; toughness. 4. Raw material (cotton,
flax, hemp, etc.) used in textile manufactures.
F!1)ril(fi'brTl),n. [F./6ri//«,diro. of/ffrrc.] A small
fiber ; branch of a fiber ; very slender thread.
Filnlll (-brTn), n. 1. A white, albuminous, fibrous
substance, fonned in coagulation of blood. It is insolu-
ble in water, but digestible in gastric and pancreatic juice.
2. Fibrous portion of muscle tissue. 3. An alburobions
body found in cereal grains and similar seeds.
Fl'broiUi (-br&s), a. Containing, or consisting of, fibers.
n FllKa-U (frVft-U), n. [L.] 1.
A brooch, clasp, or buckle. 2. The
outer of the two bones of the leg below
the knee. — FiVv-lar, n.
TUibtXL (fTsh'v ; F. W%W)y «• [P-]
A woman's lace c<%pe.
FloOU* (fTk'k'l), a, [AS. ficol, tt,
fie, gefic, fraud, deceit.] Not fixed or
firm ; of changeable mind or purpose.
— Flo^o-nan, n.
Syn. — Wavering ; vacillating: capricious; shifting.
Fl0'tn« (-tTl), o. [Jj.fictili^. See Fiction.] Molded
into form by art ; relating to pottery, etc.
FlotiOIl (-nhttn), n. [F. ; L fietio, f r. fingere, fiefum,
to invent.] 1. A feigning, inventing, or imagining. 2.
A feigned story ; — opp. to/ac/, or reality. 3. Fictitious
literature. 4. A le^ assumption of a poesible thing as
a fact, irrespective of its truth.
Syn. — Fiction ; Fabbicatior : invention ; fable ; false-
Fibroui Root
Fiddler Crab (Oeta»im»$ mimax)
of New England.
hood. — /Vefiow is opposed to what ia real;, ,
to what is true. FialioH is designed to amuse or in-
struct ; fabrication to mislead and deceive. , I
Fl041^d01Ul(fTk.tTsh'as),a. lL.flctitiut.} Feigned;
counterfeit ; not sennioe. — Fw-trtlOOS-Iy, adv.
Fid (fid), ti. 1. A square bar to support a ahip*s
tomnast. 2. Wooden ma to open strands of a rope. '
FId'dl* (fldMU), M. lA^ fi8ele.-\ 1. A stringed
muirical instarument played with a bow ; violin ; kit.
2. A kind of dock vrith fiddle-shaped leaves. 3. A
rack to keep table furniture in place on a ship's cabin
table in bad weather. ^v.l.St i. 1. To play (a tune) on
a fiddle. 2. To move (the hands and fingers) rest-
lessly; to trifie. Hk _
Fld'dltr (-dlSr). n. 1. A pUyer on a fiddle or vio- f^
lin. 2. A burrowing crab, the male of which has one daw
much enlarged,
and holds it as a
musician holds a
fiddle. 3. The
common Euro-
pean sandpiper,
which continually *
oacillates its body.
Fld'dto-iticdk'
(■dU-stlkO.n. The
bow, strung with
horsehair, used in
playing the fiddle ; a fiddle bow.
Fl-dAll-ty(n-d81'T.tj^),n. [UfldelUat. SooFbaltt.]
Faithfulness ; exact observance of obligations.
Syn. - Faithfulness ; honesty ; integrity ; loyalty.
FIdg'et (fTj^t), V. <. rCf.AS.5^cia»todeoeive. Gf.
FiOKLB.] To move uneauly, or by fits and starts.— fi. 1.
Uneasiness. 2. pi. Nervous restlessness. — FIdg'et-y, a.
FI4ll'0lal m-diPshal), a. [L. fiducia trust ; akin to
fide* fidth.1 1. Having faith or trust ; confident ; firm.
2. Having the nature of a trust ; fiduciary.
FI4ll'a-a-l7(-shT-t-rj^or-sh4-rj^),a. IL. fidueimitu,
tr. fiducia.} 1. Involving confidence or trust ; nndoubt-
ing ; firm. 2. Holding, held, or founded, in trust, ^n.
One who holds a thing in trust for another ; a trustee.
Fie (fi), inteti. [Cf. D. fij, G. pfui, F.fi,h.fi, pky.]
An exclamation of contempt or dislike.
Fl«l (fSf ), n. [F. ; same as E. fee.} An estate held on
condition of military service ; fee ; feud.
FMd (fSld), n. [AS./eM; akin to D. veld, Q.feld,
fleld.1 1. Cleared land; open country. 2. Land indosea
for tillage or pasture. 3. Place where a battle is fought ;
the battle itself. 4. An expanse, (a) A blank space
on which figures are projected. (6) Space covered by an
optical instrument at one view. 6. Opportunity for
action ; province ; room. 6. A collective term for com-
petitors in any outdoor contest. 7. That part of the
grounds reserved for players at baseball, which is ont-
ude of the diamond;— called also outfield. ^-v. i. To
stand out in the field, ready to catch, stop, or throw the
ball. —V. t. To catch, stop, throw, etc. (the ball).
Fisld day. (a) A day in the fields. (6) Day when troops
are taken into the field for instruction in evolutions. (c>
Day of display; gahi day.— Field glass, (a) A compact
binocular telescope : lorgnette, it) A small achromatic
telescope, having 3 to 6 draws, (o) Field lens. — Held lark.
(a) The skylark, (b) The tree pipit. — FUld leas, that one
of the two lenses in the eyepiece of an astronomical tele-
scope or compound microscope which is nearer the object
glass.— IMd marshal, the highest military rank in Euro-
pean armies. — Fisld oflcsr, an ofllcer above a captain and
below a general.
Fieldtan' (fSld'fftr'), n. rA& feldefare;Md field
+ fnran to travel.] A small thrush which breeds in
northern Europe and winters in Great Britain.
Fkdd'ptooe' (-pSs^). n. A cannon mounted on wheela.
Field'work' (-wfirkO, n. Any temporary fortification
thrown up by an army in the field.
Fl0lld (fSnd), n. [AS. fe&nd; orig. p. pr. of fe6n to
S, 3, 1, o, a, long ; ft, «, I, 5, tt, f, short; senAte, 3vent, Idea, 6bey, finite, cAre, ftrm, Ask,||U,finaL
FIENDISH
221
FILIBUSTER
bate.] An hnplacaMc foe ; one dl«b6Uoally wioksd or
eroel ; the deru or e demon. — Ftondiall (fendTBh), a.
(fire), a. [OK. & OF. Jlers, L. /enu wild.]
1. Farkme ; rident ; tmp^aoafl. 2. Vehement in anger
or oroelty; eager to kill or injure. 3. BiTroarively
eaneat or ardent. ^FlMM^, adv, — FtonM^non, fi.
Syn.— Savage; cruel ;Tehement;feU. BeeFuocioue.
IFI'*^ WtlfMipft-ti O'ahT-ia). [L., cause it to
be done.1 A judicial writ that liea for one who hae re-
oovered m debt or damagea.
Fftr-y {tS^'f or fFry), a. 1. Oonaiating of, or con-
taining, fire. 2. Vehement ; Tory aotiTO. £ Easily pro-
Toked; irritable. 4. Fierce ; spirited. 6. Heated as if by
fire: burning hot ; parched ; feTerish. — Fi'tr-l-ntMl, n.
Flto (fif), n. (f. y^re, LL.ptoa.] A smaU shrill pipe
or flute. ^ V. i. To play on a fife. — Flf tr, n,
Tttldm^ (nrtln'), a. [Aa Aflffne, See Fnra, and
Tn.] Five and ten ; one more than fourteen, — n. 1.
The sum of Ato and ten ; fifteen units or objects. 2. A
symbol denoting fifteen units, as 15, or zt.
nrtMOtll' (•tSnth'), a. [AS. f\fle69a.'\ 1. Next
after the fourteenth. 2. Consisting of one of fifteen
equal putacrf athinr.^n. One oi fif teen equal parta ;
quotient of a unit di^ded by fifteen.
riftll (flfth). a. [AS. j\/ta. See Fnr&l 1. Next
after the fourth. 2. Consisting of one of fire equal
dhisloos of a thing, ^n. 1. Quotient of a unit divided
by flTe ; one of five equal parte. 2. Interral of three
mnslril tooea ^w^ a semitone.
FttOiaF, adv. In the fifth pUoe : as the fifth in order.
nm^ (nf^T-Sth), a. |>8. Aftigo9a.-\ 1. Next
after the for^-ninth. 2. Consisting of one of fifty equal
parta.^11. One of fifty equal parte ; quotient of a unit
dlTide" '"
[AS. /t/Ha; akin to O. /Unfsig,
N.] FiTO times ton. ^n. ; pi.
iTur.l
UTided by fifty.
PttJytm'tJVi. L
fmafxig, SeeFiTB,and . . .
FlVTUs (-tTiV. 1. Sum of five tens; ilfty unite or
obiecta. 2. symbol representing fifty units, as SO, or 1.
fif (flff), n. [F. figue fruit of the fig tree, fr. li.ftcut
fig tree, fig.] 1. A small fruit tree natire from Syria
westward to tlie Canary Islands. 2. The fruit of a fig
tree, which Is really the hollow end of a stem, and bears
numerous aclienia inside the oarity. 3. The value of a
fig. practically nothing.
TIfkt (fit), V. i. {imp, & p, V. FoDoerffnt) ; p. pr. A
vb. n, Fioamro.] [Ao. feohian.1 1. To contend for
▼lotory ; to attempt to defeat or destrov an enemy. 2.
lb atnig^ against; to resist, ^v. /. 1. To carry on (a
eonffiol, or battle). 2. To war against 3. To cause to
fight; to manage in a fight^n. 1. A contest in arms.
2. A struggle of any kind. 3. Pugnacity. {CoUoq.] —
Syn. — Combat: engagement ; contest ; struggle ; en-
oo^ter; fray; affray ; action ; conflict. See Battlb.
(fTg'mtfnt), n, [L. figmetUum^ fr. ftngen
to form, feirn.] An inrention ; sometliing imagined.
Plf'te-A-Bto (-fir-4-b'l), a. [L. figurare to form, fr.
figwra flgure.1 Capable of being brought to flxed shape.
Flf'V-Al C-ol), a. 1. Bepresented by flgure or de-
lineation; consisting of flffures. 2. Figurate.
FIg'to-Att (-tt), a. [L. ftpurare, -tUum.l 1. Of a
definite form. 2. In music, florid ; flguratiTe.
TtgfwaLtUmt n. 1. The giring figure or determinate
form. 2. Mixture of musicM coiwords and discords.
rig'to-A-ttfV (-i-tTv), a. 1. Repreeenting by a fig-
ure, or by resemblance ; tyjrfcal. 2. used as a metaphor ;
not literaL 3. Abounding in finires of speech ; florid.
4. Relating to representation of form or figure by draw-
• Iff, ete. — Flg^iir-«-ttv»-ly, adv.
_ _„ _ _ (-fir ; 40), n. [F. ; L. Jtgura ; akin to ftngere
to form, feign.] 1. The form of anything ; shape ; out-
line. 2. Representation of any form, as by drawing, pidnt-
liw, earring, etc. 3. Pattern ; design wrought out in a
fabric 4. Diagram or drawing representing magnitudes ;
ii
an faMloaed aniffeoe or space. 6. Impression or appeal^
anoe ; magnifioance ; ahow. 7* A character representing
a number ; numeral ; a digit. 8. A type or representa-
tive. 9. notorial language; a trope. 10. MoToment
made by a dancer. — v. /. 1. To represent by a figure,
as to form or mold; to shape. 2. To embellish with
designs. 3. To indicate by numerals ; to compute. 4.
To representby a metaphor; to symbolise. — v.i. 1. Tb
make a figure; to be distinguished or conspicuous. 2. To
calculate ; to scheme. lUolioq.l
TiMTv-^m&f (flg'fir-hSdO, n. 1. Figure or bust on
the prow of a ahip. 2. One who allows his name to be
used to give itandtng to enterprises in which he haa no
resiMnsible duties. [Composed of threads. I
A-U'OtOU (fl-lifshfia or ft-), a. [L filum thread.] |
Fa'a-m«lt (fn'A-mrat), n. [F.; fr. L. filum.-} A
thread or threadlike object or appendage;
fiber ; threadlike part of a stamen supporting
the anther. — Fil'ft-iiiMltOllS, a.
FttOldrt (-b»rt), ». [Perh.fr.J«f-f fteanf,
as filling the beard or husk ; or perb. fr. St. ,,
PhUibertt whose day, Aug. 22, fell In the nut- «, i
ting season.] Fruit of the hazeL |
nieh(fTlch),v.f. [Cf. AS. /eofon to sUck I
to.] To take pririly ; to pilfer. |
Ftl0 (fll), «. [F., row, LL. /te, fr. L. filum "
thread.] An orderly suocession or list of stamen,
things ; a line ; a row : as : (o) A row of sol- »l)owinc a
diers ranged one beUnd another ; — disting. f r. £ '^,?°V
rank, which is a row standing abreast. (6) An J fithl\i
orderly collection of papers for reference, {e) ring Pol-
Wire, ete., keeping papers in order. (<f)Aroll len.
or list.
nis leader, the soldier at the front of any file, who cot-
ers and leads those in rear of him. — ^f*vMf» file, or BtniAs
lie, a Ihie of men marching one behind another ; a single
row. — On file, preserved in an orderly collection.
— V. t. 1. To set in order ; to arrange (iM4>era) for ref-
erence. 2. To bring (proper papers) before a court or
legMative body. — r. i. To march in a file or line.
FO*, n. [AS. /e^.] 1. A steel instrument, having
cutting teeth, for abrading or smoothing met^Us, wood,
etc 2. Anything emplo^ to smooth, polish, or rasp.
3. An artful person. XSlang] ^ v. t. To rub, cut
away, sharpen, or polish, with a file.
&
1« <f n ef
Fnes of different shapet. injproflle and section, a Fist, or
Eqnsline File : h Square nie ; c Knife-edge File t d Half-
round Ffle s *• Round or Rat-tall File i / Three-Miuare File i
g Entering FUe ; A CroM FUe t < SUtting FUe.
Fatal (fn'yal), a. [L. filialis, tt. filiut son, filia
daughter.] 1. Pertaining, or becoming, to a child in re-
lation to his parents. 2. Related as a child.
FQI-Atloa (-T-i'shfir.), n. 1. ReUtionship of child
to parent, eep. to a father. 2. Legal assignment of a
bastard child to some one as ita father ; affluation.
Fai-bOS'ter (•bfia'tSr), n. [8p.] A htwless miUtary
adventurer ; freebooter ; buccaneer, ^v.i. 1. To act aa
a military freebooter. 2. To delay legislation, by dilatory
artifices. [PolUical slang, U. S.}
fCm, recent, 6rb, r^de, f^ ttm, f(R»d, fcfbt, out, oil, eliair, vh ainSf lok, then, Uiin.
FILIFORM
222
FINNISH
Flllrlarai (fTlT-f drm ), a. [L. JUum thntA + '/orm.-\
BhanMl like a thread or fllameut.
nirftm (-grS), A. rCk)rrup. fr. Sp. filiarana^ fr. L.
fUum -f- yranum grain.! Omamental work of gold or
•ilrer wirei.^a. UnauMtantial ; merely deooratlTe.
Filliur (fning), n. A particle nibbed off by a file.
FlU(fTl),n. AthUlorahaftofacarriage.
FlU, V. L [AS. /yUan^ fr. /uU fulU 1. To make
full ; to occupy tlie whole capacity of. 8. To f amiah an
abundant supply to ; to awarm in or orerrun. 3. To fill
with food; to aatiafy. 4. To powen and perform the
duties of (an office, etc); to occupy; to hold. 6. To
supply (an office or racancy) with an incumbent. 6. (a)
To press and diUte (a sail). (6) To trim (a yard) so that
the wind shaU blow on the after side of the sails. 7. To
mite t1]6 kvel iy\ (n k>w p^A^i■) with earth or gravel.^
tr, L Tti Uhiohh! U\\\ or Aactatrid.^n. A full supply.
rUlvt {m'\U\ n, [OE, /iW thread, fillet of meat,
d i ju. <if jf / tl tTL'^ , L. ni^ PH . J 1. A little band ; esp., one
vncl rr I lug t lie lialr. 3^ Piece of lean meat without bone.
3, A 4at nioLditiit fn architecture, etc. ^ v. <. To bind,
furufeli, or BiLani with » tillet.
FIlOl^tMg (-lT^t)^i^>. 1. A philibeg ; Highlander's kilt.
FUI'IuCt n- 1- ^onietluni: used to fill an emptY space
or mx\\\\i[y A dfffloif^tiev. 2h Tfie woof In woven fabrics.
3' Premr&i wi>rt ailded to aI*^ to cleanse it.
rUllip ( 4tp), #u *. [For///, /ftp. Gf. FUPPAMT.] To
iitrike with tbe nail of tlie tiiiuer, snapped from the ball
of t \\ iH t iiuuib. ^H, A qu»p [ r<: tm the miger ; smart Uow.
FllOl p««n' \ i\ llT-pen' ), n. Philopena.
FUly (ni'ljjr). n. [Cf. licl. ^/jTa, fr. /o^< foaL] A
f^'iiuklt' f4j«n.l or t'loU i vniing tuare.
Film (film), n. \k%. , \t. JfU skin.] 1. A tUn skin ;
prllicl^ ; thin I Alight Kii>v«rtn(F' 8. A slender thread ; cob-
web r^r. L To €ovcr witb A thin skin or pellicle. —
F^Un^Ft A- — FUml-nBU. n. [threadlike process. I
Fnoa®' ffn*!*'). ^F. [L, /i/ttm.] Terminating in a|
FU'lw {nVi^f)^ n. ir. ///re, same word as feutre
fittt, Ll^ ///nxiji, faUntm, MX^ fulled wool, used to strain
l]iluon.] k p^r*y\i\ piibntAOH^rH (cloth, paper, sand, char-
coal, Mc.) thmii^h whij-h \\i\u\'\ may be passed to cleanse
It ; a strainer. — v. t. to purify or defecate (liquid) by
passing it through a filter. — r. C To percoUte.
Fa& (ftlth), n. [AS. ms, fr. /m fouLl 1. Foul
matter ; dirt ; nasUness. 2. Corruption ; pollution.
FQtll^, a. Defiled with filth. — Fnthl-ly. adv
8yn. — Foul ; dirty ; gross ; vulgar. See Nastt.
Fa'tnto (fn'trSt), V. t. To filter. ->fi. That which
has been filtered. — FU-tni'tloil, n.
Flmllrt-Ato (fTm'brT-tt), a. [L. AmhriatuM fibrous,
tr. fimbria fringe.! Fringed. — r. /. To hem ; to fringe.
Fin (fTn), n. [AS. Jinn; akin to O. & Dan. yfnne, L.
pinna^ pmna^ a wing, ,^ c
feather. Cf. Pek feather.] ^ww--
1. An organ of a fish, oon-
sistinff of a membrane sup-
ported by rays, and serv-
ing to balance and propel
it in the water. 2. A
swimming organ in mol-
liisks. 3. A finlike organ
or appendage.
FFnal (n'nal), a. [F.,
fr. L. finality fr. fini*
boundary, end. See Fikish.] 1. Pertaining to the end ;
last ; terminating. 2. Conclusive ; decisive. 3. Respect-
ing an object or ptirpose. — Fl-nall-ty (-nUT-ty), n.
8yn. — FiHAL ; Concluhivb ; Ultim atb. — Final is «*#«
appropriated to that wliich brinfcs with it an end. Con-
a*unre implies the closing of discussion, negotiation, etc
Ultimate always refers to something preceding.
II Fl-nal* (ft-nKHt), n. [It.] Close ; termination.
FFnal-ly (fi'nal-lj^), o<1f>. 1. At the end or conclusion ;
ultimately; lastly. 2. Completely; beyond recovery.
Fin*.
1 Ventral ( S Anal t S Candal t
4 IVctoral i 5 First Donal i
6 Second DonaU
Ot'(fT-nius'),i». [F., fr. LL./ium«tepayn«Bl
of money, fr. finart to pay '. fine, fr. L. finit end.] 1.
Income of a nuer or state ; public money. 2. Scieuce of
raising and expending public revenue. — Fi-BAB'olll, a.
FlB'ail-Olflr (fTn^bMCr^), n. 1. One charged with ad-
ministration of public revenue. 2. One skiUed in monqr
matters, ^v. i. To conduct financial operationa.
(finch), n. ^AS. finc,'\ A small singing Urd.
(find), V. t, [«mp. « p. P' FocHD (found) ; p. pr.
& vh. n. FUTDivo.] [AS. ;f ntfan.] 1. To meet with ac-
cidentally ; to gain first knowledge of (something new) ;
to fall in with (a person). 2. To learn by experience or
trial ; to discover: to feel. 3. To oome upon by seeking ;
to discover by study or experiment ; to gain (the object of
desire or effort) ; to acquire. 4. To provide for ; to sup-
pi v. 6. To determine as true ; to establish. —n. Any-
thing found ; a discovery. — Flad'tr, n,
Fud1ll(,fi. 1. That which is found or provided ;(p/.)
tools, trimminn, etc., which a Journeyman artisan finds
for himself. 2. Support; provision. 3. A verdict.
FIlM (fin), a. {r.fin^ it. LL. finut fine, pure, fr. L.
finite to finish.1 L finished ; brought to perfection ; re-
fined. 2. Aiming at effect ; showy. 3. Nice ; delicate ;
subtle ; artful. 4. Not coarse, gross, or heavy ; subtile ;
thin ; in small particles ; slender ; keen ; made of fine m»>
terials; light. 6. Having (such) a proportion of pure
metal. ^ r. t. To make fine ; to refine ; to clarify.
Syn. — Fnfi: BsAunrcL. —When used as a word of
traise. fine (being opposed to coarse) denotes '' no ordi-
se, fine (being opposed to coarse) d
r thing of itskind.** It b not as sti
nary thing of its kind.'' It is not as strong as beauti/Hl^
in reference to the single attribute implied in the latter
term ; but when we speak of a fine woman, we include
more particulars, vis., all qualitiea becoming a woman, —
breeding, sentiment, tact, etc
FllM,n. [L.>li»M end, LL.,ay(iia/ agreement, to make
an end of a transaction ; penaltv.] Money pidd to settle
a claim, or terminate a matter in dispute ; payment im-
posed as punishment for an offense. ^ r. i. To mulct.
In flna, in conclusion ; by way of termination.
Ftn'er-y (fln^r-y ), n. 1. Ornament ; excessive decora-
tion ; showy clothes ; jewels. 2. A charcoal hearth or
furnace for making iron malleable.
FllM'nilll' (-spW). a. Spun so as to be fine ; drawn
to a fine wread ; unsutMtantial ; visionary.
FrnMM' (ft'nSeO, n. [F., fr. fin fine] BubtUty of
contrivance to gain a point. ^ r. /. To use artifice.
Ftn'giT (fTn'gSr), n. [AS.! 1. One of the five ter-
minating members of the hana ; a di^^t ; one of the four
extremities other than the thumb. 2. Bieadth of a fin-
ger, a measure of nearly an inch ; length of a finger, a
measure of about 4i inches. — v. /. 1. To touch with
the fingers ; to handle. 2. To pilfer.
Flnl-al (fTn^-al), n. [L. finire to end.] Ornament
terminating a Gothic pinnacle.
Ftll1-«al (-kal), o. Affectedly fine ;
ovemice. — Fln'l-oall-ty (-kU'.), n.
Syn. — FiKicAL ; Spbucs ; ForpisR. —
Ovp vehn if. r; — 'r<» is elaborately nice in |
dr -H^ : .im- v,in' <^ finical shows affects^ ,
ti<»n ill iiim>in-r :m well as in dress; one \
w)i'f i* f(>fjt»*fi C'">s tothe extreme of the
fasUioik ii/rlML'^^, and displays ostenta-
Fl 'nl» I ! i 'T» 1 . , n. [L.] An end.
Fin tall ■ I T . T h), r. /. [F. JInir, fr.
L. J..... ^ ^ ..«*it, end, fr. finis.} 1. To
reach the end of ; to terminate. 2. To complete; toper-
feet.— v. i. To end. — n. 1. That which finishes or
perfects. 2. The finer work on a building ; careful elabo-
ration. 3. The result of completed labor ; style of fln-
iahing. 4. Completion ; — opp. to start, or beffinning.
FFBit«(fl'nit),a. [h. finittis, p. p. ot finire.1 Having
a limit; limited in quantity, dpfrree, or c^wdty.
Film (fTn), n. A native of Finland ; one of the Finna.
Flimllll (fTn'nTsh), a. Pertaining to Finland, tbe
Finna, or their language, ^n. Language of the Finns.
Finlal.
K, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; &, «, I, A, «, t» abort ; awAte, 3val^ td«s 6bey, finite, oAre, ftrm, Aak, iiU, finaL
FINNS
223
FISSILITY
Weatern BalMtn Fir or
Vf Mt9 F\r iPicea gran-
(fTna), n,pl. (a) NativM of Fiiilaiid. (6) A
bnucb of the Mongolian race, inhahiting Northern and
Eastern Europe, including the Mamra, Bulgarians, Per-
Biiana, lAppe, and Finlandera. [Written ahw Fint.']
TtafVf (fTn'ny^. a. Having lina ; pertainlnff to fishei.
I Flora (fy6rd ; §92), n. [Dan. & Norw.] Narrow in-
let of the aea, between high rocka. [Written also /jord.}
Flr(t8r),». [I>an./yr,yyrr.] A genua of oonilerooa
treea, some valued for timber,
others for resin.
Flw(nr),». [AS. ^r; akin
to Q. fetter ^ Or. rvp.] 1. Evo-
hition of light and heat in the
combustion of bodies; ignition.
2. Fuel in a state of oombustion.
3. The burning of a house or
town; oonflagratioo. 4. Ardor
of psission; ezcessiTe warmth;
temper. 6. Ldveliness of f anoir ;
seaL 9. Splendor ; luster. 7.
Discharge of firearms ; firing.
rirs slaros. (a) A signal given
on the breaidng out ofa fire. (6)
Apparatus for giving such an
alarm. — Firs tokk, a refractory
brick, capable of sustaining in-
tense heat without fusion, used
for lining flra boxes, etc. — Firs
slsj, infusible clav. free from
liflse, iron, or an alkidi, used for
fire brirk. — Firs eoBpaaj, a com-
pany of men for msnsffing an en-
gine in extinguishini; fires. — Firs
dsap, a damp found tn mines, etc.,
consisting chiefly of light carbu- .. .^ ,- ,
reted hydrogen, which explodes du or AbU» coneolor).
when mixed with atmospheric air and exposed to flame.
— Firs satar. (a) A juggler who pretends to eat firo. (h)
A quarrelsome person. ( CoUoq. j— Firs sngias, a portable
foreiiy pump, to extinguish fire. —Firs sscaps, a contriv-
ance for facilitating escape from burning buildings. —
Firs svflMS, the surfaces ox a steam boiler which are ex-
posed to direct heat of the fuel and products of oombna-
lion : heatimc surface.
^r. /. 1. To set on fire ; to kindle. 8. To subject to
intense heat ; to bake ; to bum in a Uln. 3. To inflame ;
to irritate. 4. To animate ; to give life or spirit to. 6.
To feed the fire of. 6. To illuminate. 7. To cause to
explode ; to discharge (a musket, cannon, rockets, eto.J.
6. To cauterise.— V. <. 1. To take fire; to kindle. 3.
To be inflamed with passion. 3. To discharge firearms.
Yti¥tamf (fir^lirm/), n. A gun, pistol, or any weapon
discharaing snot by an explosive, as gunpowder.
TWhna/^ (-brlndO« n. 1. Piece of burning wood.
2. One who causes mischief ; an incendiary.
Flrt'onwk'tr (-krXk'Sr), n. Paper cylinder charged
with gunpowder, which explodes noisily when lighted.
TuwtLy (-fii')« n. A luminous winged insect.
FIra'llUUI, n. 1. One employed
to extinguish fires in towns. 2.
A man who tends the fires, as of
a steam engine : a stoker.
nc^lBUMO^ C-plis'), n. The
part of a chimney appropriated
to the fire ; a hearth.
nit^yraoT (-prSMO, a. In-
eombostible.
Flrt'lidt' (-sidO, n. A place
near the fire or hearth ; home. a
nn^QOd'(-wd6dO,n. Wood
forfueL Ameriwin Firefly.
FIW^OfK' (-wilrkO, ». 1. A a Adult Beetle of PkotwrU
device for producing a striking Fewutylvnnica^bLmm.
dispbty of fight, by combustion "' •nother Pf>otmrU.
of gunpowde?, sulpliur, metallic *>'"•''»»•* enUrged.
"*' . various salta, etc 2. pi. A pyrotechnic exhibition.
I (fJrOiTn), n. [AS. fedwer four -f -Wn.] 1.
A meaaare of capacity, about a foorth part of a barreL
2. Small wooden yessel for butter, lard, etc [U. S.'\
mni (firm), a. \JL.firmu*.1 1. Fixed ; closely oom-
presaed ; compact ; substantial. 2. Not easily disturbed ;
tmchai^fing in porpoee. 3. Solid ; — opp. to fluid,
8yn. --Compact : dense ; hard : solid ; stanch ; robust ;
strong ; sturdy ; fixed ; steady ; resolute ; constant.
Firm, n, [It. firtna signature, fr. L. firmu$y adj.,
firm.] Name, title, or style, under which a company
transacts business ; a partnership ; commercial house.
Flr'Ilia-mMIt (fSr'mA-ment), n. [L. flmuxmenlum^
tt,flrmare to make firm.] The air; aky ; heavens.
Ftr'BUUl (fSr'man or llr-mttn'), n. [Pers. /ermfln.]
A decree of an Oriental government. [firm.]
FlnnlMm (ftrm'nSs), n. State br quality of being |
8yn. — FisMims ; CowsTAifCT. — Firmneu belongs to
the will, eorutancy to affections and principles : the former
prevents us from yielding, the latter from fluctuating.
Pint (fSrst j, a. [AS. fyrtt ; akin to O. /Urst prince ;
a superL of E. /or, /ore.] 1. P
series or kind ; the ordinal of <
1. Preceding all others of a
earliest 2. Fore-
3. Most eminent or exalted ; chief ; highest.
Syn. — Primary ; primordial; primitive; primeval;
pristine ; highest ; chief ; principal; foremost
— a<fv. Before any other person or thing in time, space,
rank, etc — n. Upper part of a duet, trio, etc.
Flnr-OlaM' (-kl48/), a. Of the best class or highest
rank ; of the best quality ; first-rate.
Ftnt'-luuid' (.hXndO, a. Obtained dlrecUy from the
original source ; without intervention of an agent
nntlinc (-ITng)! n* ^« fin^ produce or offspring ;
— said of domestic animals. ^ a. Firstborn.
TfanVlji adv. lu the first place ; before anything else.
Ftnt'-mto' (-rit^), a. Of the highest excellence.
— n. A war vessel of the highest grade.
Ftrtll (fSrth), n. An arm of the sea ; frith.
FlM (fTsk), n. [F. ; fr. L. flscus basket, treaaaiy ;
prob. akin to/ajci« bundle.] A state treasury.
FWoal (fTs'kal), a. Pertaining to the public revenue.
^ n. LA treasurer. 2. An attorney-general.
Flflh (fTsh), ». ; pi. FisRBi (-Sz), or coHecHvtly^ Fm.
[AS. fite ; akin to O. fl*ch^ L. pi»cU.'\ 1. A popular name
for many animals of diverse characteristics, living In the
water. 2. An oviparous, vertebrate animal uaus^y hav-
ing fins and a covering of scales or plates, breathing by
giUs, and living almost entirely in the water. 3. pi. The
twelfth sign of the sodiac ; Places. 4. Flesh of fish, used
as food. —V. ^ 1. To attempt tocatch fish. 2. To seek
to obtain by artifice, or indirectly. ^ v. /. 1. To catch ;
to draw out or up. 2. To catch fish in (a stream, etc.).
3. To strengthen (a beam, mast, etc.), or unite end to
end (two timbers, rails, etc.) by bolting a plank or plate
lengthwise on one or each side.
nih'tr (fTsh'Sr)* »• 1* One who fishes. 2. A car-
nivorous animal of the Weasel family. [taking fish. I
Flsh'tr-BUUI, n. A man, also a vessel, employed in |
Flflll'er-y(-]^},n. 1. Business of fishing. 2. Place for
catchinff fish. 3. Right to take fish in particular waters.
Flflh'lUlwk' (-tif^O* **• The osprey, which plunges
into the water and seises fishes in its talons.
FlflhllOOk' (-hd6k0, n. A hook for catching fish.
FlflhlBC n. 1. Act or art of one who fishes. 2. A
fishery. ^ a. Pertaining to fishing ; used in fishery.
FllA^OII'ger (-rotin^gSr), n. A dealer in fish.
Flflh'lklll' (-MkTnOrn. 1 Skin of a fish (dog fish,
shark, etc.). 2. Ichthyosis, a disease in which the skin
becomes thick, rough, and scaly.
rUdl'wlfo' (-wifa Flsll^OIII'ail (-wd6m/an), n. A
woman who retails fish.
Flfllt^ (-j^)* o- 1- Consisting of fish ; fishlike ; abound-
inff in fiuu 2. Extravagant, like stories about catching
fish ; also, rank or fouL \CMoq.'\
riTfUe (fTs'sTl), a. IL. fUsUU, fr. Asstu, p. p. otfln-
dere to split] Capable of being split in the direction of
the grain, or along planes of cleavage. — Fls-ltl1-ty, n-
fini, recent, 6rb» r^de, f ^ Am, food, f dbt, out, oil, chair, bo, sins, ink, then, Uiin.
FISSION
224
PLAMEN
I (ffth'ttn), ». [L. flssio.'] A dearing, ipUt-
ting, or breaking up into ports.
]Wli-Ml1liat«(nt'BT-pil'mtt),a. llu JUnu-i-palma
ralm. ] Semipidmate and lobiped, aa a grebe*8 foot. See
jUusi. under Atbs.
Fto-fllp'a-roiUl (-aTi/A-rtts), a. [L. JUatu + /)ar«re to
bring fortli.] Reproducing by spontaneous fliMion.
FlS'll-pd(-sT-p6d),nMlp'*-4«l(-sTp'«-dal),a. [L.
/MtM + P^t P^i*i foot.] Haring the toes separated to
the base. ^ n. One of the Fissipedia, or Carnivora, in-
cluding dogs, cats, and bears, whose feet are not webbed.
FIs'lim (fTsh'Yr)t n. [L. JUsura^ it. Jlndere^ Jluum,
to cleave, split.] A narrow opening, made by the parting
of any substance ; a cleft. ^ v. (. To cleave ; to crack.
Fist (flst), n. [Aa ypW.] 1. The hand with the
fingers doubled into the palm. 2. Index mark [fi^T**]*
used in printing to direct special attention to the passage
which follows. —v. /. To strike with the fist.
FIstn-Ollff (-T-kllf ), n. A cuff or blow with the fist or
hand ; ( x>2.) a fight with the fists ; boxing.
0 FIs'ta-U {fi^ttlAh ; 40), n. [L.] 1. A reed ; pipe.
2. A deep, narrow, chronic abscess. — Flstn-lar, a.
FIsOn-lOlUlMiis), a. 1. Like a fistula. 2. HoUow.
Fit (nt), n. [AS. fttt a songj In Old Engliali, a song ; a
canto or portion of a ballad. [Written also^e,/y/fo, etc.]
Fit, a. [Cf. Icel. JItja to knit.] 1. Adapted to an end
or design ; suited by character, education, etc 2. Gon-
fonnea to a standara of duty, propriety, or taste.
Syn. — Suitable ; proper ; apt ; adapted ; adequate.
— V. ^ 1. To adapt ; to make ready. 2. To bring to a
required form and size. 3. To supply with something
suitable. 4. To suit; tobecorrectlyadjustedto. — v.f.
To be proper or adapted.— n. Adjustment.
Fit, n. [AS., strife, fight.] 1. A sudden attack of a
disorder ; stroke of disease, as of epilepsy or apoplexy ;
oonmlsion : paroxysm. 2. A mood ; humor ; caprice.
FltOh (fTch), n. [Contr. of /Uehet.'} The European
polecat : also, its fur.
FltCh'et (fTchnSt), ) n. [Cf. OF. fls»eau, D. vies
Fltcll'«W (fTcli'ti), f nast>-.] The fitch.
Ftttol (nt^fyl), a. Full of fits ; irre«rularW variable ;
spasmodic ; impulsive and unstable.'^ Fitfflll-Iy, adv.
Fitly, adv. In a fit manner ; conveniently.
FlfAeM, n. The state or quality of being fit.
Flt^tr, n. One who fits or adjusts.
Flt'tinir, n. Anything used in fitting np; (pi.) neces-
sary fixtures or apparatus.— a. Fit ; approprjnte ; proper.
FlT« (fiv), a. tA8./f/,/F/« ; akin to Q./Unf. L. qidn-
mte, Gr. Wkt*.] One more than four. ^ n. 1. The num-
ber next greater than four; five units or objects. 2.
Symbol representing this number, as 5 or V.
Fivefold' (-f5Ida a. & adv. In fives ; quintuple.
Fll (fTka), V. t. [F. Jizer^ U. L. fgere, flriim, to fix.]
1. To make firm, fast, or definite. 2. To hold steadily.
3. To put in order ; to repair. [Colloq. U. S.'\ — v. i. 1.
To become fixed ; to rest. 2. To become firm, so as to
resist volatilization ; to cease to fiow ; to congeal, ^n.
A position of difllcnlty ; dilemma. [Colloq.']
Sjn. — To arrange ; adjust ; settle ; determine.
FlZ-a'tion, n. 1. A fixing or being fixed. 2. A unit-
ing chemically with a solid substance or in a solid form.
Fixed (fTkAt), a. 1. Securely placed or fastened;
firm; unalterable. 2. Rtnhle; non-volatile.
Fiz'ad-ness (fTk8'g<1-nefl), n. 1. The beingr fixed;
stability. 2. The quality of a body which resists evapora-
tion or volatilization by hent ; solidity ; cohesion of parts.
FlZ'ing, n. 1. A making fixed. 2. A fixture. 3.
pi. Arrangement ; accompaniments. [Colloq. U. 8.]
Ftfl-ty (-T-ty), n. Fixedness ; that which is fixed.
Fixture (-tdr ; 40), n. 1. That which is fixed or per-
manently attached to something. 2. Fixedness.
FiXB (fTz), V. <. To hiss, as a burning fuse. ^n. A hiss.
Fiz'Sle (ffz'z'l), V. i. 1. To fizz. 2. To make a ridic-
ulous failure. •• n. An abortive effort. [Colloq.']
Tieldlng to thl
n FfOrt (fyfird), ti. Fiord.
FlaVtoy (fiib^), a. ^Bee FlapJ
touch, and easily moved ; naccid. — F
FlaCdd (flXk'aTd), a. [L. fiaeeidtu, it. flacaU flab,
l^.] TieldLag to pressure for want of flnnneaa and atUk
ness ; limber ; lax ; flabby. — FUUKddl-ty, n.
FlAC (flXg), V. i. [Of. Icel. AiJba to droop, hang loosely.]
1. To hang loose without stiffness ; to be loose, yielding
or limp. 2. To droop ; to grow spiritless ; to languish.
Syn. — TodroOT); decline; fall; languiah; pine,
nas, n. 1. That which flags or haiiga down loosely.
2. A cloth usually bearw
ing devices and used
to indicate nationality,
party, etc, or to give
or aide information; a
standard; banner; en-
sign ; the colors. 3. (a)
A group of long feathers i
in certain birds. (6) The I
bushy tail of a dog, as of ]
a setter. — v. t. To sig- J
nal to with a flag. (,
Flaff, n. \Tt. flag io ^ „ . . „
drfmti. ] An uquAtic Th* United Slit« Flmt.
plants with li'iEiK, eneiform ]eA¥Oi.
FUg. n . [Ui'\.j^iipt^, vf. E. Jioke sealf ,] A flit stoofl
for '[liLvtiip^. ^ r, t. To lay witli fint Mouivh.
riarel Utft ^ilfij^llEt), r. r. [L, ^^^grfhrt, ^ntunk,
f r (I'f fi^-ll u m w hi|i . ] To f! tjg. — FlU el-lt'llOli . n^
^lar«i3^lAt iUytA^t.). n. [F., dim, Df OF. Jlajdl,
flii/fhif. See FLtfTE] A Wnt^Hke wlud iostruroent^
pri"1ij« inp a ji|jrllJ iniiiimd. imfter tLiui thp piceol<J flubfe,
Tltig'ghkg iMii^gXtig), n. A pavemtat ot fiagiioiia i
fluiC-r'^rihH. cotifrtlvflv.
Flog'sy (lijf^. ff. 'WmK; limbern
Fiog'gy* n. Alxi Eluding with til* plant rmllpd_/fofr.
ria gi tioiu { fl A-il Rb'iln Kn. [h. fitt^Uiotutt, Jr, /cr^
Hvii\ filh%nieful act, oHjf.^ bnniLng dtilre, tT.fingiitiTt ta
dcrEinjjd flf-rveiy; rf, K. ftnorunt.^ Dispiwci'fiLlIy vIl-Iousot
crniiinal - na ffl'Hoiia-ly, fftU'.—TlM.-^'WWA^'nmi^n.
S 5' n » — V illftii i«ii h : rljiimutt ; li*ino u &. S&i^ Atbooovi,
Flnglium i filf^'njSn), n. One wIid ligaaLi nith n fisf .
Flfl g 'on ( - Q I L j, Wh CF' /"cwi, lor jlfitcf\ n , it. LU /f«ew,]
A ^isi-* I with 11 narrow mouthy for holding t^uora.
Fla^gTUlt {«S^ffrflnt>, fi, [UjIflgranJt, ^jttig, p. pr.
ol ff'^prurf tobum^akin to Gr. ^A^r-^nir.] 1, FUinJug^
gWiii,|(-; arclfnt, 2, Actually in |itri» ration or iwr*-
form mi pc, 3 . Fl n ni i ug int o noti t^ ; glari np ly wicked. —
Flfl'KTanCA. YiA'smn-Cf, n. — FU'irmnt-lyK ndw
Syn. At'-'iii.t]" ; tinptione ; glurini;. Se*^ ATBonoOa.
f"' I 1 . ' ■■, 1 ■■ ; ^ i . i 5 .' '1 , fK T> I f" r^'S^l rttrr^iiig' tlie coia-
mftn-,u.i^ i-:ii w: UA u. iiuct and llyiug bk flag.
FUJg'Staft' (-stAfO, n. ; pi. -aTAW (-stSvsO or -sram
(-BtAfs'). A staff on which a fisg is hoisted.
FUff'StCMM' (-stSnO, n. A flat stone used in paving,
or any rock which will split into such stones.
Flail (fill), n. [L. /f<i9W/ttmwhip,inLL.,aflail.] An
instrument for threshing grain.
Flake (fiSk), n. [Cf. Icel. /Uiki, D. vlaak.} 1. A
platform for drying codfish, etc 2. Stage hung over a
vessel's side, for workmen to stand on in calking, etc
Flake, n. [Cf.Icel.yfoAma to split.] Thin layer; lamina.
— V. L&i. To form into flakes ; to scale. — Flak>, ~
nam^bean (fiSmi>A), n. ; pi. Flaxbbaux (-bSz) or
Flambeaus (-bCz). [F., fr. L ftamma.] Flaming torch.
Flame (flam), n. [OF. ; fr. L. Jlamrna^ fr. Jlagrare
to bum.] 1. A stream of burning vapor or gas, emit-
ting light and heat ; blaze ; fire. 2. Burning enthusiasm.
3. Ardor of love. 4. A sweetheart. —r. i. 1. To blase.
2. To burst out in violence of passion.
Syn. — Blase : brightness ; ardor. See Blasi.
Flalnen (fii'mSn), n.; pi. K Flamsks (-mSnz). L.
FLAMnm (fl«raT-noz). [L.] An ancient Roman prieat.
S, e, 1, 3, a, long { &, fi, I, A, tt, j^, short ; atntte, «v«nt, td«s 6bey, finite, cAre, firm, ask, nil, finoL
FLAMINGO
225
FLECK
Ra-nlA'CO (flA-mTn'g6), n. [Sp. flameneOy cf. Pg.
fiaminifo, prop, a p. pr., mean*
mg fiaming^ in alluaion to its
ouor.j A bird haring webbed
feet, rery lon^ lega, and a beak
bent down as if broken. Their
oolor is osoally red or pink.
|FU'll«ai'(flA'u8rO,n. [P.,
fr. jUtner to stroll.] One who
strolls about aamlesaly; a
lounger; loafer; gossiper.
FUam (fllnj), A. [Bee
FxjuncJ An external or inter-
nal rib, or rim, for strength,
for a guide, or for attachment to
another object.^p. /. To make
a flange on. ->v. ». To be bent Europ^ FUmlngo CPto-
intoa flange. nicoptenu anhqmntm).
Flank (BSsk), n. iF.jfanc.l 1. The side of an animal,
between ribs and hip. 2. Side of an armv, fortification,
bonding, etc. ^v. (, 1. To stand at the flank or side of.
2. To overlook the flank of ; to guard the flank of ; to pass
around or turn the flank of. —v. i. 1. To border. 2. To
be posted on the side.
FlAll'liel (flXu'nSl), n. [W. gwkmen^ fr. gwlan wool.]
A soft nappy woolen cloth, of loose texture.
Fl«p (ilftp)t n. t<^'i< ^- .f*»j*-i !• Anything broad and
limber that h4iugs loose. '2. A hinged leaf, as of a table.
2. The motion, stroke, or sound, of anytUng broad and
loose, ^r. I. Jt i, 1. To strike. 2. To move (wings,
etc.) ; to let fall (a hat brim, etc.).
FUpiack' (-jlkO. n. A griddiecake ; pancake.
FUl^par, n. 1. Oue that flaps. 2. A flipper.
Flan (fl&r), V. i. [Cf. Norw. flara to blase.] 1. To
bom with an unsteady flame. 2. To emit dasslmg light.
8. To flaunt ; to be offensively showy. 4. To spread out-
wards ; to project beyond the pernendicular. — n. 1. Un-
steady, broad, offensive light. 2. A spreading outwsfd.
FUirf-np' (-ttp^)* n, A sudden burst of passion.
FUsll (01^), V. i. [Cf. Bw. flam to blase.] 1. To
burst forth with a sudden and tnmsient flame and light.
2. Tocome or pass like a flash. 3. To break out violently ;
to rush hastily. — p. <. 1. To send out in flashes. 2. To
convey as by a flash. — ^n. 1. A momentanr blaze. 2.
BriUiant burst (of wit or genius). 3. Time during which
a flash is visible ; sn instant. 4. BUng of thieves and pros-
titutes, ^a. Showy, but counterfeit ; cheap and vulgar.
Syn.— Flash ; OLrrrsB ; Glbam ; Oustsn ; Olxstbb.—
FUuA differs from glitt^ and gleam in denoting a flood or
wide extent of light. The latter words may express the
issuing of light from a small object, or from a pencil of
rays. /7a«A differs from other words, also, in denoting
suddenness of appearance and disappearance. To giisten^
QttjHiiery Lb to shine with a soft and fitful luster.
FUflll'y (-j^), a. 1. Dazsling for a moment; transi-
torOy bright. 2. Fiery ; impetuous. 3. Showy ; gaudy.
— Fuska-ly, a/v. — FUBli'1-Beii, n.
FlMk(flisk),n. [AS..;fa«c«,;fax0.] 1. Small bottle-
shaped vessel for holding' fluids. 2. Vessel to oarnr gun-
powder, quicksilver, etc. 3. A box to hold sand, etc.,
forming the mold used in a
foondry.
FUt
floor.] _
horisontal surface;
level; plane. 2. Lying
tag relief ; destitute of varietv ; insipid ; dull. 4. Lacking
liveliness of commercial dealings ; depressed. 6. Clear ;
unmistakable ; downright. 6. (o) Below the true ;iiu-
sical pitch. (6) Not sharp or shrill ; not acute. 7. Sonant ;
vocal; — applied to a vocal consonant, as disting. fr. a
non-eonant (or sharp) consonant.— adv. 1. Din^rtly. 2.
Without allowance for accrued interest. [Brokers*
lAt (flXt), a. [AS. /let
|r.] 1. Having an even
Cant] — n. LA level surface ; extended plain. 2. A
shoal ; shallow : strand. 3. Flat part, or side, of anything.
4. A story in a building ; floor of a house forming a com-
plete residenoe in ttsdf. 6. A dull fellow ; numskull.
[CoUoq.'] 6. A character Q^] before a musical note,
indicating a tone a half step or semitone lower. ^ v. t&i.
To flatten ; to level ; to depress ; to sink. — Flatly
(flitaj^). adv. -Flarnen, n.
m&fhahf (fllt'lTsh/), A. A flsh which has the body
flattened, swims on the side, and has both eyes on one
rioe, as the flounder, turbot, and halibut.
Flatl'roil (-!'Qm), n. An iron for ironing clothes.
FlAt'tMl, v,t,&i. To make or become flat.
Flattar, n. One that makes flat or flattens.
Flatter, v. t. [Cf. OD.JIatteren ; Icel. jiaSra to fawn.]
1. To treat with praise; to cajole; to wheedle. 2. To
encourage with favorable representations. — r. <. To use
insincere praise. — FUtl«r-«r, n. — FUt'tar-y« »•
Syn.— Compliment; obsequlousnesa. See Adulatiov.
FUfa-lMlt (flSt'fl-knt), a. [Jj. flahu a blowing, yfa-
ttu ventris flatulence, f r. flare vo blow.] 1. Affected with
flatus or gases generated in the alimentary canaL 2.
Generating wind in the stomach. 3. Turnd with flatus.
4. Empty ; vain. — FUfn-laooa, Flafn-leii-oy, n.
llFU'tlUl(fla'tBs),n. [L.] 1. Puff of wind. 2. Oas
generated in the stouiach or other cavities of the body.
Flarwlaa' (fOit/wit/), a. or adv. With the flat side
downwa^, or next to another object ; not edgewise.
Flaunt (flJint or flnnt), V. i. & t. To throw or spread
out; to dispUy ostentatiously.
FUn'tlat (flft'tTst), n. A pUyer on the flute.
FU'TOr (fli'vSr), n. [OF. flaur (two sjllables) odor,
5 rob. fr. L. flare to blow.) [Written also flavour.]
. Odor ; fragrance. 2. Relish ; zest ; savor. ^ v. t. To
give flavor to. — FU'TOr-Olia, a.
FUw (flft), n. [Cf. 8w. flaga crack, breach, flakej
1. Crack or breach ; gap ; flssure. 2. Defect ; fault. 3.
Sudden btirst of wind. — v. I. To crack. — FUw'y, a.
Syn.-* Blemish ; fault ; imperfec-
tion; spot; speck.
Flax (flflcsVn. [kS.fleax.-] 1.
A plant haring a bark whose flber
is used for making thread and
cloth, called linen^ cambric^ lawn^
lace^ etc. Its seed yields linseed oil.
2. Fibrotui part of the flax plant, g
broken and cleaned. ^
Flaz'en (fllke^n), Flaz^, a.
Made of flax ; like flax or iU fibers ;
of a h'ght soft straw color ; fair and
flowing, like flax or tow.
Flaz'aeed' (-sSdO, »• Seed of
the flax ; linseed.
Flay (fla), r. /. [A8.;fe4n.] To
skin ; to strip off the surface of.
Flea (fle), n. [AS. fle&, fleAh.^ A very agile wing-
less insect, whose bite
is poisonous.
nea'-ldte' (flS'-
bltO, n. 1. Bite of a
flea; spot from the bite.
2. A trifling pain.
Fiea'-lllt't«ll(-bTt/- ^^^^
t'n), a, 1. Bitten by r^^^J
a flea. 2. White, ^^v*
flecked with dote of "^
bay or sorrel; — said Dog Flea {PvUr rtmin). or common
of the color of a horse, r]ta of Amrrica, enlarged about
dog, etc. twenty-five diameter*.
Fleam (flSm), n. [OF. flieme^ fr. LL. flerotomum^
C* 'ebotomtim. See Prlkbotokt.] A lancet for open-
veins, Uncing gums, etc.
Fleok (flSk), n. [Cf. Icel. flekh^ a spot.] A spot;
speckle, ^v. /. To spot ; to dapple.
Flax.
streak;
fSm, recent, Orb, r^de, f^U, 11m, food, f<jbt, out, oil, oliair, (o, sins, iQk, tlien, Uiin.
15
FLECTION
226
FLOOD
Fleotkm (flSk'fcimii). rL tSu*- FLmiuw.] 1. A bend-
ing <tt tN'iiiLZ bent. 2- latAei^t'uHi*
Flod [ttiA), imp, A p. p. of Flsk- [with feathert,!
"** . (flSi), V. t. & i. [AkJii to jiy.'i Tofurniihl
yUag {ti^inUig), n. a yuuni^ Oird jiut fledged.
^flSX e . (. A <. T »>!/>. Jt fA p* Ki«> (flSd) ; p. or.
&vb. ft. FLEiiiro.] [AA,jie6nJ To run »w»y (from).
nMM (HS^n), ». [AB.^($#,] Coat of wool coTering
a Bfaeep or nbixiJar mnimiif ; (]tiiMitity aliom at one time.
»r. /. 1. Ta d»pt\V9 €3i^ ft«w:^. 2, Toatripof property
uuja-tiy or Uy fraud. — nAfr^OT. a.
riMf ^fler), r. T A / [Ct.lioTw. Jtira to titter, gig-
gle] To moqk; to deride, ^n. D^Hmou ; mockery.
FlMtr'iac-iyt ^i^>^% lu k Aeedng lu aimer ; sneeringly.
n#*t t^Hft), IV 4. [AS. /^iWan to Kwim, float.] To fly
■wjrtly ; to liftAten ; to dit. — v.i. L To Iiasten over. 2. To
■U {> (* c»i»lf^ ) cm 4 c&pKt&n or windlaM. ^^ a. Swift in ta<h
tion ; nbnblc! . ^ ri. A f I iuul)«? ol ve«<H^Lfi in company ; tlie
collect! vi(j n4T4l fon?Q of a. con ii try, etc.
FlMrtflMi fi« Fi^jteitiifr «h if Uy nwa', ; not durable.
Sy n * ^Evaue*ceii t i f. iiliemoi^ Sot* Tkanubrt.
FlMflTf ^^^'- ^ '^ 1^*^*^^ tnanJitirT r.^pidly.
FlMt'liaSBi n^ S^wUtiieaii: T«]i>eitv H speed.
Fl«^ (tl^Ali), n. [AS, Jf^flc] 1. The mnades, fat,
aoti otber ttjtiii7:ii ooTf<TiiL^ thi^ }Kiiif.& oi lOilmala. 2. Ani-
null tOKxl ; uunAt. 3. TLc! huuiiui raco; mankind. 4.
Kkidred: race. S. Pulpy cubvtiuioe of a root, fruit, etc.
« r. /. 1. To feed (liawka, dogs, etc. ) with flesh ; to use
(a weapon) upon fleah so as to draw blood. 2. To glut ;
to satiate; to harden; to accustom.
Fl«dl1-Beil, n. State of being fleshy ; groesness.
FlaslklaM, a. Destitute of flesh ; lean.
Fl«dl11-neM (-IT-nSs), n. State of being fleshly;
1. Pertaining to the flesh ; oorpo-
carnal passions and appetites.
neJiay(-iy), _ „
real. 2. Animal ; not Tegetable. 3. Human ; not oelea-
tial, spiritusL or divine. 4. Carnal ; lascivious.
Flaslk^ (-y)f «• 1< ^^1 o^ or composed of, flesh ; cor-
pulent ; fat ; gross. 2. Composed of firm pulp ; succulent.
R FlMir'-d»-lll' (flSr
Flbubs-db-us (flSr'-). [F.
.i^4
df-18')» »»•/ P*'
). [F., flower of the lily.]
1. The iris, or flower-de-lnoe. 2. A conven-
tional flower for terminal decorations.
Fl0W (flu), imp. of Flt.
Vl9iE (flSks), r. L [L. flecteret fiexum^ to
bend.] To bend. _
FlMl-U« (-I-bn), a. 1. Capable of being ^^J^-
flexed or bent: pliable; not stiff or brittle. 2. "•^^^
Ready to yield ; tractable. 3. Capable of being molded ;
pUatio. — Floz^ttto-IMM, FlttTl-lllll-ty, n.
8yn. — Pliant ; supple ; tractable ; obsequious.
nezH* (-T1), a. Flexible ; oliant ; tractable.
Flei'loil (flek'shfin), n. [L. fUxio.'] 1. A flexing,
bending, or turning. 2. A po^rt bent ; fold. 3. Syntac-
tical change of form of words, as by declension or conju-
gation ; inflection. 4. The bending of a limb or joint.
Fles'or (flSks'Sr), n. A muscle which bends or flexes
any part ; — opp. to exteruor.
FlMC'n-OlU (flSk'shv-fls'), nez^-OM' {-W : 40), a.
VL.flexuaauM^it.flexui.'] 1. Having turns or flexures;
bent in a zigxag manner. 2. Wavi^ring; flickerinff.
FltS'liro (-shnr ; 40), n. [L. flexnrcu] 1. A flexing
or bending; flexion. 2. A turn ; bend; curve. 3. The
last Joint of a bird^s wing.
Pflc*'ar(fllk'8r),i;.<. [AS.;f£ceHffn,/licorte».] 1. To
flutter ; to flap the wings witliout flying. 2. To waver
unsteadily, like a flame iU)out to expire. ^ n. 1. A waver-
ing or fluttering ; fluctuation ; sudden and brief increase
of brightness. 2. The golden-winged woodpecker.
Fll'er (fli'Sr), n. One who flies or flees.
nisllt (flit), n. [AS. flihi, fiyht, a flying, f r. tleSgan to
fly.]^L. A flying ; a psssing through the tit by help of
wings. 2. A fleeing, to escape danger. 3. Amounting;
a soaring. 4. A number of beings or things passing
tiimui^b the air togcthi^T : toek of Urds ; birds produced
Ld oii« seuADii. &. A w^rjet of atjdra.
ftjti. — Pair; net. Be« Fair.
Pligkt'7 (tiit'^), a. 1 Fki'titic; transient. 2. In-
didiifiik^ iu Hallitai of imaifliuLlion^ numor, etc.; giddy;
■li^titl> lielirioufl. — Fll|rltt'l-m««ft, n.
^yn, — VoLittljity ; wiMti«e<» ; eoeuntridty. SeeLBYiTT.
FUm^BT ftlTiij'aJ), ij. LCJ- yy Uynui luJiwi, »iurit-
l«iL-.] Weak; limp; wjiJioui t^asou or plauubility. —
ritnt'iilT. ''^'' — nim^al IMU, i».
^syn. Wt^^k; feebie: eiH^erllriid; shallow; vain.
rUncb (tlTuch), ^^ i. L*^^^- drt:ehen^ fr. UJUetert to
bfU'^ I To tihiink ; Vo ndncit. ^h. A flinching,
rita'ders (itTn'^Sri). n. pL [D. /Unters.l Fragments.
Fling ^tlliJirK »'■ f- [*if*p- * p* P' Flumo (fllGig); p.
pr, A rh.n, FiJffOiiKi.f (CU l^tfX.fiengja to whip, Dan.
jrfrn^^ U) hlbh.] 1. Tu raut fram the hand ; to hurl.
2. To ibe^J fort^i ; tf^eitijL 3. To throw off or down ; to
d«fi^t. — r. 1. 1. To flmiTicft. 2. To rush. ^n. 1. A
tiirtrw; ftoiinK^*-; kick. 2. A contemptuous remark.
S, A KiMil ol dsjK^c.
Flint (flliit),**, [AS,] r A Til aaslve, very hard quarts,
wli>r'>] htJiktsM, Are witti Atwl, 3- A piece of flint for
strikLiiM HrH, — Fllnt'FN ^ — Fllatl-IIMB, i».
Flip (HTp). IK [ProF, E, pp nimble, flippant, also, a
tligrtat t»lf>w .] A miKtiiH* of beer^ spirit, etc, stirred and
h^ntj^il by a hot iiou.— r. L \imp. A p. p. YUXTED
(riTpl) I p. pr, & t-*. i», FLnristo.] To toss or fillip.
FUp'pant ('pnDt)p «. tCf, W Uipa limber.] 1. Of
f iiei»t I'^HH^'rti ; vfiUililfi. 3. K^^eahiitgconfidenUy, without
kii'i"l''li;<^ NT *7,nifii«lr'r»rliiiii ; intI- — TUp^VtaA-ljt adv.
- rup'pwat'fleM, FUlKlfainir, n,
FUp'peJi rt. A brfjaiS flnt JJuib for swimming.
Fhit (tiSrt}, I . L [AS. ifrafrf trifle, folly.] 1. To
throw with A Jf-rk or flhig jwjdd<^nly. 2. To toss about.—
tM\ To Bf^k to Dttnts-t itotlce; to COquet.»n. 1. A
0iiddMi jerk ; leeT. 2, A wojjiau ^ho plays at courtthip ;
a ruflEii'tW. — TUr-U'llfflfi, n.
Fill (ttTt), V, t [OE. ftfttittj Jintten, to carry away,
gij nwfty.J 1. To move quipkly iitrough the air ; to dart
^ofi^- 2. To rDTf^ oit fh«^ winit:- 3. To remove.
Flitcft (tlTch). f*. [AB. Jluve. akin to Icel. ftli flap,
t Lt r u-t.] Bide of a hoK united aitd cured ; aide of bacon.
FlU'tftj- (tJUHrn, Kr A tft^; tatter; fragment.
Float ^ ti iSt ) . PI . ( A ^. Jtoia itti i>, Jledtan to float. See
Fleit.] L AtiytblujiwhU-hBwlnisonafluid. 2. AtroweL
or a ttle^ ' f>T HtncvU^liif^. — r. f. T*> rest on the surface of
a fluid.— r. i. 1. To pauK to Bwim. 2. To flood; to
eovcT with wnt<ff. 3. Ti:i level the surface of (wet plas-
teriBf ^ witk a Anat. 4. To ■o^'pc^rt the credit of (a com-
Ni^-TiMiil KH-lxinif),
FlO^I'aSfl (tl&t'tj ; 2), n. Flotage.
Floating, cj. 1. BiKiy^ uikiii or in a fluid. 2. Free
frr.ui jii'.t;Liiaini'itt. 3^ Not fajidtMl ; not determined.
FlQC'cn-lant alBkOiO-Viit), ft. [See Flock of wodL]
Clothtvi IV ill I n-i-kftor flukes. - FlOl/CII-lMlOe, n.
Flock ( rtiJK L n . [AS, Jtocc, ] 1. A collection of livfag
crf.'*t;urif*p4, eap. she*p or bird*. 2. A Christian oongre-
jfution. — p. I. To ^thf^r Ld crowds.
Fl0ck« n. [OE, Jf f>JtJt^ / perh. ukin to L. flocetUf F.
Jtoc,] X kWk ol wool or hnir, 2. Woolen or cottop
pefMWi for HtuffinpE tipboUterad lumiture. 3. Dust for
t'ontiiiR Willi paiwr to ci^e it n vfllvety appearance.
Hd* i Ho), n. f Cf. iJftn. /fi^? af »», lif/to^- 8^ ^^«
fl.kr hloTH^l A fl&t maw of fluatiiig ice.
rioic ( t^hs:\ 1-. t. [AS. /^f>ffn.} To lash ; to chastise.
Flood (f\M), ». [AS. ftdd , from root of E. yfow.]
X. A rt*]wiu|i fit ream ^ fta ot a rlTcr ; body of water over-
ttimutj^ J*siil not iimiftllv myvpTKHi ; delufre; inundation.
2. Tlie flowing (n of tlmrfd* ; —©pp. to ehb. 3. A great
flow fir ^^rw^aiii ; nii^M'Tfthimriant.f.
no«l ifttii. n pat** fnr « Nut Unit ont, admitting, or releas-
[iil:. ft Im vJ V i^f wJitf'f ; 1 hl<* KJitc^ -Rood tMa, rising tide ; —
opp. to "fr^ /(^^, - Tt* Flood, I hi' iJeluge in Koah*B time.
Si,^%^n,}ODgih,6,t,l^ti,f,BhotiimDt»»,irvA,tdm,tibey,fLtdUi,cia^l^
FLOOR
227
FLUENT
mm9. L 1. To overflow ; to innndate. 2. To All or cover
with water or other fluid ; to till to excess.
Floor (fl9r), n. iAS.fldr.} 1. The bottom or lower
pert of a room. 2. Structure dividing a building hori-
aontallv into stories. 3. Surface of a structure on which
we walk or traveL 4. A stoiv of a building. 6. (a) The
part of the house (of a legislature, etc) assigned to the
members. (6) Right to sptnlc. [</.<$.] — »./. 1. To fur-
nish with a floor. 2. To lay level with the floor ; to knock
down ; to silence (an opponent) by a conclusive answer.
Floai'lllg, n. 1. A platform; floor; pavement. 2.
Material for constructiug floors.
Flop (fl5p), V. t.& i. [Variant of /lap.} To clap, as
» bird its wlnKs, a fish iU tail, etc. — 1». A flapphig.
FlO^ (flO'rA), n. [L., fr. yfot, jUfris, flower^ I.
Roman goddess of flowers and spring. 2. Natural vege-
table growth of agiven region or period ; description
of such plants. — FlOfal, a,
FlO-IiS'oent (-rSa^sent), a. [L. JtoreseetUt P- pr- of
fioreteerty tt. florere to olossom, U.flo*^ florU.'] Blx-
panding into flowers ; olossorahig. — flo-lWoonoo, n.
FlO'tOt (-rSt), n. [OF. yfore/e, dim. of fior flower.]
A little flower ; one of the numerous little "
flowers compo^ng the head in the daisy,
thistle, dandelion, etc
FlO'kl-Olll'tim (flS'rT-kanflr or flSr^.;
40), n. [L. yfo«, poru -f eultura culture.]
Cultivation of flowering plants.
Flortd (fldr^d), o. \!LjloHdiu,tr.Jlo*,
Mori*.} 1. Bright in color; flushed with red.
2. Bmbellished with flowers of rhetoric; Florcu.
excessively ornate.'— Florld-naoo, FlO-rtdl-tT, n.
Flortn (-Tn), n. [F. ; It. fiorino^ orig., a Florentine
coin, with a lUy on it, fr. fiore flower, fr. L. ftot.} A
silver coin, of several European countries.
TWxiaX (flS'rTst or flSr^st), ». 1. A cultivator of,
or dealer in, flowers. 2. One who writes a flora.
FlOM (fl5s), n. [It fiotcio flabby, soft, fr. L. fluxut
flowing. See Flux, n.] 1. Slender stvles of the pistil-
late flowers of maize ; — also called tuk. 2. Untwietod
filaments of silk, for embroidering. — Tifmntft a.
Floss, fi. [Cf. Q. floss a float.] 1. A small stream.
iSng.\ 2. Fluid glass floating in the puddling furnace.
Ftotage (flS^ttJ), n. [OF., fr. >to/«r to float.] 1. A
floating. 2. That which floats on the sea or on rivers.
[Written also floatage. ] [of floating bodies. |
FlO-tAftl0ll(-tS'»hfin), M. 1. A floating. 2. Science |
FUMflOa (-tnOA), n. [Sp. ; dim. of flota fleet.] A
little fleet, or fleet of small veseels.
Flofnin (flBf som), ) ». [F./oMer to float.] Qooda
Flofaoa (-sttn), f lost by shipwreck, and floathig
on the sea ; — dirting. fr. jetsam or jetson.
FlOBBOO (flouns), v. i, [Cf. OSw. flunsa to Immerge.]
To throw the limbs and body one way and the other ; to
flcmndAr. — 1». A sudden jerlcing of the body.
FlOUMM, n. [Cf. 6. flaus tuft of hair ; akin to E.
JU$ee.} An ornamental strip decorating a lady's dress.
^r.t. To deck (a petticoat or frock) with flounces.
Flomi'dor (floonMSr), n. [Cf. Sw. ^ufMfra.] 1. A
flatfish of many specteA. 2. A tool for crimping.
Flomi'dor, r. i. [Cf. D. /r(M<f«ren to flap, splash.] To
struggle, as a horse in the mire, or a flsh on knd ; to roll,
toes, and tomUe ; to flounce. — n. A floundering.
Flour (flour), n. [F. fleur de farine flower (i. c, the
best) of meal. See Flowbs.] Fhiely ground meal of
wheat or other gndn ; finer part of meal separated by
bolting; soft powder of any substance. — r. /. 1. To
grind and bolt. 2. To sprinkle with flour.
FlOU'lSll (flOr^sh), r. i. [OF. fluHr, florir, fr. L.
forere to bloom, fr. flo»^ florisy flower.] 1. To grow
luxuriantly ; to thrive. 2. To Increase In wealth, honor,
happiness, etc 3. To use rhetorical figures and lofty
expressions. 4. To play with fantastic and irregular
motion. 6. To make ornamental strokes with the pen.
ft. To e^wQte an irregular stndn of mnsio. 7.T6bOMt;
to brag. —V. /. To brandish.^ ». 1. Decoration ; oma-
ment. 2. Something done ostentatiously, to excite ad-
miration, etc. ; show. 3. A fandiul stroke of the pen or
rver. 4. A fantastic musical passage ; a call ; f uif are.
A brandishing. [with flour. |
FUru^ (flouPy), a. Like flour; mealy; covered!
Flout (flout), V. /. & i. [OD. flnyten to play the flute
to Jeer.] To mock or insult. ^ m. A mock ; i
(flO), V. i. [AS. flihcan.2 1. To move or dreu*
late, as a liquid. 2. To melt.' 3. To proceed ; to issue
forth. 4. To glide al(mg smoothly ; to be uttered easily.
6. To abound. 6. To hang loose and waving. 7. To rise,
as the tide ; — opp. to ebb. ^ v. t. To cover with water
or other liould ; to overflow ; to flood. » n. 1. A stream ;
current. 2. Continuous movement of sometiUiig abund-
ant. 3. A gentle, gradual movement of thought, diction,
music, etc. 4. The tidal setting in of water from ocean
to shore.
FlOW'or (flou'Sr), n. [OE. & OF.Jfour, fr. L. flot^
floris.} 1. The bloom of a plant. 2. That part of a
pUmt destined to produce seed. 3. The choicest part
Flower.
A Sardwort (Arntarin mfunrrom). much enlnrgt^l ; B Uera-
niuin I CS«ctionnf Rrceptucle and Pistil of SsndworLenlargvd.
a a SvpaU, oolleetiveljr oonttituting the Calyx ; b h Petab, CM-
Ifctively forming the Corolla t c c 8tamcn», cnnMstinK of An-
thers and Filaments t d Orarjr, e Styl<>«, f 8tiirma, toeethar
eonstitnting the Pistil t g Rrceptacle i h Pedicel t i Bracts.
of anything ; time of freshness and bloom. 4. A figure
of speech ; ornament of style, ^v. i. 1. To blossom ;
to produce flowers. 2. To come into perfect condition.
^v. t. To embellish with flowers.
Flow'or-do-laoo' (-dc-lu»'), n. [Corrupted f r. fleur-
de-lis.} A genus of perennltu herbs (Iris) with sword-
like leaves and large tbree-petaled flowers.
Fl0W'«r-0t, n. A small flower ; floret.
FlOW'or-pot' (-pOt^)« n. A vessel for earth in which
plants are grown.
FlOW'or-y {-S )» a. 1. Full of flowers or blossoms. 2.
Highlv embellished with figurative language ; florid. —
Floiror-1-iMMi, n.
Flown (flSn), p. p. of Flt. ^o. Flushed ; inflated.
FlwKttt-AtO (Alik'ttt-it), V. i. [L. flueluare, -atum,
to wave, fr. fluctus wave, fr. fluere^ fluctumy to flow.]
1. To move as a wave ; to roll hither and thither. 2. To
waver. — FlOO^-A'tlOfl, n.
Sm. —To FLtJCTUATB ; VAcnxAn; Wavbk ; hesitate.
— Fluctuate is applied both to things and peraons^and de-
notes that they move as they are acted upon. VacMate
and traver repreeent persons as acting themselves.
Flno (flu), n. [OF. , a flowing, f r. fluer to flow, L. yf «-
crej Passage for a current of air, gases, etc. ; air passage.
Flno, n. [F. flou light, tender, Q.flau weak.] Light
down, such as rises from cotton, for, etc. ; lint.
Fln'ent (flu'ent), a. [l$.fluensy -euHSy p. pr. of yf tiers.]
fbn, noent, 6H>, nida, f^ ftzn, fiSbd, fdbt, out, oil, oludr, bo, sins, ink, then, thin.
FLUENTLY
228
FOAMY
L Flowing; easfly morf ns. 2. Ready in nae of wordi ;
▼oluble. — Fln'ont-ly (liu'iffiit-iy), adv. — Fln'en-mTi «•
Fluff (tlfif}. n. Nap or down ; flue. — Fluffy, a.
Fluid (tluTd), a. [L. fiuidus^ it. fiuere to flow.]
HATfng particles which ctiange relative poeition without
separation of the mass, and eaailv yielding to pressure ;
liquid or gaseous, ^n. A fluid substance. — Flnld-
DMm Fln-ldl-ty (flft-idT-ty). n.
FlnlU (fluk), n. [AS. JlOc flatfish.] 1. The Euro-
rn flounder. [Written also fieuky flooky and fiowk.'\
A narasitic trematode worm.
Flu*, n. [Cf. LO. flunk, Jlunka, wing, pabn of an
anchor.] 1. The part of an anchor which
fastens in the ground. 2. One of the lobes
of a whalers tail.
FlimM (fluin), fi. [OE. flum rirer, L.
flutnen^ fr. fluere to flow.] A stream ; a 'Vv II a^
nbarnH nr ronf^ult for ivrrtfT : - *'*":te.
mtu ioCMl maUn of htiv-iPCKl Datincal.J 1. A ^ ^ Flukn of
Hort an>«il> 9» Tronlj^ an ADOhor.
FllULg (tlQi^i^K fiffp ^^ P- P- of FUKO.
Ptiuif (ll^iikK ■'. i\ [Cr. Fvri¥.] To fail (on a les-
ion); tit liTck inLt \trmn au unJerroking) through fear.
— !'. t. To uliirk ( \ t»Ak (ir <litty). — n. A failure.
Fllmlcy (rtOij'liJ), n. [ Writttu a\m flunkey.] 1. Con-
t^^iupiauua Uiiujd im -a liverlod lerrtnt. 2. One obsequi-
" ' " • • rstocks.
ous or crin^ug. _3. One easily deceived Ui buying
Fluorite.
[C/m/. U. S.JH-nnnlnr-l
II Fln'or (flulSr), n. [L., a flowing, flux.]
Fln'or-ilW (-Tn or -Su), n. [NL. flnortna : from its
flnortna
occurrence In fluorite.} A non-metaluc element, associ'
ated with chlorine, bromine, and iodhie. It is a pungent,
corrosive, colorless gas. — Fin-orlo (-5r^k)f o.
Fln'or-lto (-it), n. A mineral of many different colors,
used as a flux. Also called yfuor spnr^ or simply ^uor.
Flnr'ry (fl&r'rj^), n. 1. A sudden and brief blast or
gust. 2. A light shower or snowfall accompanied with
wind. 3. Commotion ; bustle ; hurry. 4. Bpasms of a
dying whale. — v. t. To excite or alarm.
Flush (flOsh), V. i, IF. flux a flowing.] 1. To flow
and spread suddenly. 2. To turn red ; to olush. 3. To
start up suddenly ; to take wing, as a bird. — t*. /. 1. To
overflow ; to flood (a sewer, etc.) for the purpose of clean-
ing. 2. To cause the blood to rush into (the face). 3. To
excite ; to stir. ^n. 1. A sudden flowing ; a rush which
fllls or overflows. 2. Suffusion of the face with blood ;
blush ; glow. 3. A flood or rush of feeling ; thrill of ex-
citement, etc. 4. A flock of birds suddenly started up.
6. A hand of cards of the same suit. — a. 1. Full of
vigor; fresh ; bright. 2. Affluent; well supplied ; prod-
igal. 3. Unbroken in surface ; forming a continuous sur-
face. 4. Consisting of cards of one suit. — adv. So as
to be level or even.
Fluster (fltts'tSr), v. (. [Cf. loel. flaustra to be flus-
tered.] To make hot and rosy, as with drinking ; to con-
fuse. — V. i. To be agitated. — n. Heat ; disorder.
FInto (flut), n. \OF.fla{Ue, flahtUe; fr. L. fntfu a
blowing, flare to blow.] 1. Tubular musical wind instru-
ment, with holes stopped by the fingers or keys. 2. Chan-
nel in a column or pilaster. 3. A groove in wood or plaited
cloth. —V. t. To form flutes or channels in.
Flnt'lnc, n. Decoration by flutes ; flutes collectively.
Fimist, n. A flautist.
Flnt'ter (flttf t8r), v. i. [Cf. AS. flotorian to float
about.] 1. To flap the wings rapidly, without flying : to
hover. 2. To move with quick vibrations. 3. To move
about irregularlv, or without result. 4. To be in agitation.
— r. /. 1. To vibrate or move quicklv. 2. To confuse. —
n. 1. A fluttering; vibration. 2. Hurry; agitation.
FlnMal (flu'vT^i), Fln'vl-at'lc (Ktlk), Fln'vl-a-
tlle (-4-tTI), a. [h. fluvinlis, Ix. fluvius river, tt. fluere
to flow.] Belonging to rivers ; living in streams.
Flux (flHks), n. [L. fluere, fluTum^ to flow.] 1. A
oomUnt succeasion ; change. 2. The aettiiwin
of theUde toward the shore, — the ebb being the rzjiut.
3. A being liquid through heat ; fusion. 4. Any subetaaoe
for promoting fusion of metals or minerals, as alkalies,
borax, lime, fluorite. 6. A fluid discharge from the bow-
els, etc. — V. /. 1. To fuse. 2. To purge.— FlQX-a'tlOB, fi.
FlllZ'lOO (flfik'nhfiu), fi. 1. A flowing. 2. Matter
that flows. 3. Fusion. 4. Unnatural or excesdve flow
of blood or fluid toward any organ. 6. (a) The infinitely
small increase or decrease of a variable or flowing quan-
tity. {b)pL A method of mathematical analysis devel-
oped by Newton. — Flnzlon-Al, a.
Fly (fli), V. i. [imp. Flxw (flu) ; p. p. Floww (fl9n) ;
p. pr. A vb. n. Fltimo.] [AS.^<^a.j 1. To movem
the air with wings, as a bird. 2. To float, wave, or rise
in the air. 3. To pass swiftly ; to hasten away. 4. To
run from danger ; to flee. 6. To move suddenly or swift-
ly. . r. /. 1. To cause (a bird, kite, flaff, etc.^ to float in
the air. 2. To flee from ; to avoid. — n. \A&.flyge,fle6ge,
fr. fledgan."} 1. Any winged insect ; esp., one with traiis-
rent wings. 2. A fishhook dressed in imitation of a fly.
A light carriage, plying for hire. [Eng.] 4. LengUi
of an extended flag. 6. The part of a vane pointing toward
the wind. 6. An appliance to equalise motion of machin-
ery. 7. Flap on clothing, to conceal buttons. 8. A bat-
ted ball, in baseball, that flies far, or high in the air ; flight
of a ball so struck.
Fly agaxie, a mushroom, having a narcotic poisonous
juice. — Fly isai; an unprinted leal at the beginntngor end
of a book, programme, etc — Fly net. a screen to exclude
insects. — Fly paper, poisoned or sticky paper for killing
flies that feed upon or are entangled by it. — Fly whssi, a
heavy wheel attached to machinery to equalize motion.
FlyldOW (-blS^), V. t. To deport eggs upon (meat,
etc.) as a flesh fly does ; to cause to be maggoty; to
taint.— n. One of the eggs or young larvie deposited by
a flesh fly, or blovrflv. — FlyailOWll' (-blSnO, a.
Tlj'QaMtfVt (-kach'Kr), n. A bird of numerous tpe-
cim, feeding upon insects, which it takes on the wing.
Flylnff, a. Moving in the air with, or as with, wmga ;
moving lightly or rapidly.
Flying arttU^rr- utrtillpry tnuuiMl to rapid emliitloiia. —
Ijrlacish, a fib1) ol t^ie warmer parts of all oceani, whicii
canleap
Flvintr Fi»h (ExwxehiM ro-
htutuM) of the Atlantic.
sail extended ■ ■ : S. if tin>
standing jib, vu tka tlyliie jib
boom. — FlyiBff-Jib boom, an
extension of the jib boom. —
Flying mofoss, the opossum
mouse of Australia. It has hteral folds of skin, like the
flying squirrels. — Flying sqalrrsl, a squirrel found in all
the continents, having parachute-like folds of skin, ex-
tending from the fore to the hind legs, which enable it
to make very long leaps. , . ^ ,
Fly'gpook (fli'spSk), n. Speck or stain made by a fly*s
excrement ; any insignificant dot. — r. /. To soil with fly
specks. ^
Flytimp' (-trip'), w. 1. A trap for catching flies. 2.
A plant, called also Venus's flytrap, with leaves fringed
with stiff bristles, folding together when touched, and
seising insects that light on them.
Foal (fSl), n. [AS. /o/a.l Young of the Horse kind ;
colt ; filly. — r. /. «ft t. To bring forth (a colt).
Foam (f5m), n. [AS. /am.] A white aggregation of
bubbles, formed on the surface of liquids, or In an animal^s
mouth, by agitation or fermentation; froth; spume;
scum. — V. i. To gather foam ; to froth. ^ r. t. To c
to foam ; to throw out violently. — Foam'y, a.
a, e, I, o, a, long ; J^ C, 1, 5, tt, fy abort ; aanftte, «v«nt, tdaa, Obey, finite, cAre, l&nn, jiak, »U, flnoL
FOB
229
PONT
Fob (f?R>), M. A little pocket for m watoh.
F(rit>T V. t. To cheat; to impoee on.
Fl/oal (lykal), a. Belonfdng to a f ocua.
TofouM (-kfis), n. ; pi. B. Focuaas (-Sz), L. Foox (-d).
£L., flreplaoe.] 1. Point in which raya of light meet,
after being reflected or refracted, and at which the im-
age ia f onned. 2. Point on the principal axia of a conic
aectlon. 3. Central point, —v. /. To bring to a focoa.
Fad'dar (fSd^dSr), n. [AS. fSddery fr. /Oda food.]
Food for catUe, horaea, and aheep, aa hay, comatalka,
▼enetablea, etc. — r. /. To feed (cattle) with dnr food.
Foe (f5), n. [AS. /ah hostile ; prob. akin to B. ftend,}
1. One who haa hatred, grudge, or malice, againat an-
other. 2. An enemy in war. 3. An adreraary.
Tttt^mMn (fS'inan), n. An enemy in war.
Faiaal(fe'tal).a. FetaL
Fog (f6g), n. [Cf. LL. /ogagiumy W. ffwg dry ffraaa.]
(a) Second growth of graaa ; aftersraaa. (6) Drad graai
remaining on land through the winter. ^ v. t. To partore
cattle on the af tergraas of ; to eat off the f Off from.
Fof f n. [Dan. ane^<>^ snow falUng thick.] 1. Watenr
Taper condensed in the atmosphere near the ground. 2.
Mental confusion. ^ v. /. To befog ; to overcast ; to ob-
■oore. — Fog'nT; a. — Fog'gl-lliMl, n.
Fog^fAfO (-gaj),n. Dead grass remaining on land
through tlie winter ; —called also/oy.
FCgy, Ff goy, Fo'gto (fS'gj^), n. A dull old fellow ;
AM behind the times. — YwfnAMOk, n. [C0//09.]
Fdl (fS), interi. Bxclamatfon of contempt ; poh ; fle.
FciOrtaifoi'bM), n. [OF., feeble.] A weak point.
Syn. — Failing ; weakness ; frailty ; defect. See Fault.
rai (foU), V. t. [F. fouler to tread under foot, to op-
presa.] 1. To tread under foot. 2. To render (an effort)
▼ain ; to baffle ; to frustrate. 3. To blunt ; to dull ; to
BDoiL— n. 1. Failure of success; frustration; miscar-
riage. 2. A blunt sword used in f enohig, having a button
at the point. 3. The trail of ^ _
an animaL ■""^^•^
Foll,n. rOF.; fr. L./0.
/Imn, pi. f(Hia leaf ; akin to
Or. ^vAAov.l 1. A leaf or very thin aheet of metaL 2.
Thin leaf of^silvered copper used by jewelers to give bril-
liancy to pastes and inferior stones. 3. Anytlung that
aerves by contrast to set off another thing to advantage.
4. In architecture, a leaflike ornament, in windows,
niches, etc . -
FOtet (foist), r. /. [Cf. >^ ^ Af^ ff^^
OD. vysten to flasle, B. VIpi ij7 /? ^ ^ J
to.] To Insert surrep- \#^ IL M TLjf
titioualy; to interpolate; ^ ^ki^ ^^
to P«« off (something Foils (^it*.).
qrarioos) as genuine.
Fold (fSld), V. t. [AS. /ealdan ; cf. Or. at-n-Aao'ioc
twofold.] 1. To lap or Uy in plaits or folds. 2. To
doable (the arms or hands). 3. To inclose within folds
or plaitings ; to clasp ; to embrace. 4. To wrap up. ^
V. i. To double together. — n. 1. A doublhig ; plait. 2.
Times or repetitions ; — used with numerals, chiefly in
oompoaition, to denote multiplication, the doubling, tri-
pling, etc., of anjrthinff. 3. Embrace.
Fold, n. [OB. & AS. fold,'] X. A sheep pen. 2. A
flock of sheep ; figuratively, the Church. — r. t. To con-
fine (sheep) in a fold. [for folding paper. I
FoAd'or, n. Oae that folds; a knifelike instrument
Fol'da-nd' (f5l'JJ.r510, n. Nons<»n8e. [C0//09.]
FoOl-a'OOOIIS (f5'll-a'3h0»), a. [L. foliaceiu, fr. fo-
lium leaf.] 1. Balonging to, or like, a leaf ; having
leaves intermixed with flowers. 2. ConsiKting of leaves.
FoOl-tgO (nnT-tj ; 2), n. [OF. foillage. It. /oille
leaf, L./M<um.] 1. Leaves, collectively, as produced by
nature ; leafaffe. 2. A cluster of leaves, flowers, etc.
FoltfttO (-tt), a. Having leaves ; leafy.
FOll-fttO (-St), V, t. 1. To beat into a leaf, or thin
plate. 2. To coat with tin and quicksilver.
Foil.
F0ll-«ll0ll(fSaT4E'8hfln),n. 1. A forminff into leaves.
2. Arrangement of leavea within the bud. 3. A beating
metal faito a foil or lamina. 4. Architectural oruamen-
tation by meana of foils. 6. Property by which some
crystalline rocka divide into plates or slabs.
FOII0 (flSVyt or iVn-t), n. [Abhitive of L. folium
leaf.] 1. A leaf of a book or manuscript 2. A sheet of
paper once folded. 3. A book made of sheets of paper
each folded once (four pages to the sheet) ; lM>ok of the
largeat kind. 4. Page number in a book. 6. Page in
an account book; sometimes, two oppoeite pages bear-
ing the same serial number. 6. A leaf containing a oer-
t^ number of words.— v. t. To put a serial number
on eacii folio or page of (a book). — a. Formed of aheets
each folded once, making two leaves, or four pages.
Folk (fSk), Folks (f 5ka), n. coUeet. & pi. [AS. /ole ;
akin to O. volk.} 1. People in general, or a class of
people ; — generally In trf. ICollog.J 2. The persons
oi one's own family. iColloq. JSew £ng.'\
FolOi-Olo (nnnf-kn), n. IL. /olliculut a amaU bag,
pod, dim. of /oUi* bellowa, bag.] 1. ^
A simple podlike pericarp containing ^F
aeveral seeds and opening along the ^^^^^^m
inner suture. 2. (a) A small cavity, ^M^HBP
tubular depreasion, or sac, in an ani- ^B^^BUy
mal body. (6) A aimple gland ; crypt. ^fBt^^
ic) A small maas of adenoid tissue. — «.^i»*i. / »^ x
l-ol-lio^-lar (f 51-lTk'tt.l8r), a. ^^"^'* <^>-
Follow (-W), r. /. [AS. /olgian.'i 1. To go or come
after ; to attend. 2. To endeavor to overtake ; to pursue ;
to prosecute. 3. To accept as authority ; to obey. 4. To
copy after. 6. To sucoeea in order of time, rank, or office.
6. To result from. 7. To watch, aa a receding object ;
to keep the eyes or mind upon ; to understand (a course
of thought or argument). 8. To walk in (a road) ; to
attend closely (a profession or calling).
Sjn. —To Follow ; Pubsuk : chase ; go after ; attend ;
succeed ; imitate ; copy ; maintain. — To follow (v. t.)
denotes simply to go after ; to pursue denotes to follow
earnestly, and in order to attain some deflnite object.
— V. i. To go or come after.
Stu. — To Follow ; Suocbkd ; Eksub. — To follow
(v. I.) means simply to come after. To succeed means to
come after in some regular succession. To ensue meana
to follow by some established principle of sequence.
FollOW-or, n. 1. One who follows; pursuer; de-
pendent associate. 2. A sweetheart. [Colloq.'} 3. Part
of a machine moved by another part.
Syn.— Imitator; disciple; dependent; attendant.
FoUow-iBg, n. 1. One's followers collectively. 2.
Vocation ; profession. — a. Next after ; succeeding.
Folly (f 5iny ), n. [OE. & F. /o/t>, f r. F. fol, fou, fool-
ish, mad.] 1. Want of good ^
_ „ 2. A foolish act ;
weak conduct. 3. Scandalous crime ; wantonness.
Fo-mont' (f^-mgnf), V. t. [F. fomenier, fr. L. fomen*
lare^ fr. /omentum lotion, fr. fovere to warm.] 1. To
apply warm lotions to. 2. To cherish and promote.
Fo'inoil-Utloa (-men-ti'shCin), n. A fomenting ; ap-
plication of soft medicinal substances, to ease pain or
discuss tumors. 2. Instigation; encouragement.
Fond (fBnd), a. [For /onned, p. p. of OE. /onnen to
be foolish.] X. Foolishlv loving ; weaklv indulgent. 2.
Affectionate ; tender. 3. Loving ; longing or yearning.
Fon'dle (fJJn'd'l), r. t. To treat or handle tenderly.
Syn. — See Casbss.
Fon'dlillg, n. A caresb.ng ; manifestation of tender-
ness. ^ n. One fondled or treated with doting affection.
Fondly, adv. In a fond manner ; affectionately.
Fond'nOMI, n. Dotinp affection ; strong appetite.
Syn. — Attachment ; affection ; love : kindness.
Font (f5nt), n. [F. /onte, fr. /ondre to cast.] A com-
plete assortment of printing type of one size ; a fount.
Font, n. [AS. ; fr. L. /onsy /ontis, spring, fountain.
See FouifT.] 1. A fountain ; spring ; source. 2. A badn
containing water for baptising.
(8m, recent, 6rb, r^de, f^ ttra, fdbd, fdbt, out, oil, chair, go, aing. Ink, tlien, thin.
FOOD
230
FORCIBLE
I (fOBd), n. [AS. /Ma.] WhiU is f«d upon ; nu-
triuieut; aliueut.
Svn. — Biuteiuuice ; feed ; fare ; Tictoals ; meat.
Fool (fS&l), n. [F. fouUr to cnuh.] A compound of
gooaeberries scalded and crushed, witb creani.
Fool a. [0£. M, n. & adj., F. /o/./ou , f ooUsb, mad ;
a fooLj 1. One destitute of common powers of under*
standing ; an idiot. 2. One who acts absurdly ; simple-
ton; dolt. 3. A professional buffoon. — v.i. To play the
fool : to trifle. — v. /. 1. To infatuate ; to make f ooliah.
8. To deceire shamefully.
Fool'or-y (-Sr-j^), n. Beharior of a fool ; absurdity.
FoOlliardy (•h&r'dj^), a. Daring without judgment ;
foolishly bold.- Foollurdi-koodrFool'hardi-iiiM, n.
Stu. — Venturesome ; reckless ; headlong. Bee Rash.
iWlBll, a. 1. Marked with foUy ; weak in hiteUect.
8. Proceeding from silliness. 3. Absurd ; contempti-
ble. - Fool'ldi-ly, adv. -FoOHih-noM, n.
Syn. — UnwiM; imprudent; indiscreet; incautious;
silly ; ridiculous ; preposterous ; vain ; trifling ; contemp-
tible. See ABsumo.
FoOU'oaiP' (lo&lxOUtpO, n. [Fr. the orig. watermark
of u/ool*s cap and bell*.} Jjoag folio writing paper.
Fool (fWt), n. ; pi. run (fit). (A& >9/, pi. jh ; akin
to O. /UM, L. pe*^ ur. vovt foot.] 1. Terminal part of
the leg; part below the ankle or wrist. 8. Muscular
locomotiTe organ of a mollusk. 3. That which oorre-
sp<mdstothefootof a man, in a table, stocking, etc 4.
Lowest part or base ; bottom (of a mountain, column,
etc.) ; last of a row or series ; end or extremity. 6. A
measure of length, being 12 inches ; one third of a yard ;
in the United States and England, 304.8 millimeters. 6.
Soldiers who march and fight on foot ; infantry ; — dis-
ting. fr. cayalry. 7. A combination of syllables consti-
tuting s metrical element of a yerse.
By foot, or On foot, b/ walking. — Feot and Booth dlssass,
a contagious disease of cattle, sheep, swine, etc., hi which
yesicles and ulcers form in the mouth and about the
hoofs. — To bs OB Coot, to be in motion, action, or process of
execution. — Jtmin foot, under the feet ; at one's mercy.
—V. i, 1. To tread to measure ; to dance. 8. To walk ;
— opp. to rids or fly. — r. /. 1. To kick with the foot.
8. TO tread. 3. To sum up (the numbers in a column).
4. To renew the foot of (a stocking, etc.).
Foofball' (fd6tn>al0, n. 1. An inflated ball to be
kicked in sport. 8. Game of kicking the football.
FootlMNW (-bSrdO* n. 1. A board upon which one
may rest his feet. 8. Board at the foot of a bedstead.
FOoHirldCO' (-brTJ^), n. Bridge for foot paawngers.
FooCfUlM-f ftiO* "• Footstep ; sound of a footstep.
FooHlOUl' (-hSldO, n. A firm standing ; footing.
Footnnc, n. 1. Ground for the foot to rest on ; firm
foundstion. 8. Stnndinff ; foothold. 3. Relative condi-
tion ; state. 4. The adding up a column of figures ; sum
totel of such a column. 6. The putting a foot to any-
thing ; that which is added as a foot.
Footliffht' (-lit'), n. One of a row of lighto in front
of the sta^e in a theater, etc., and level therewith.
Foofnuui, n. 1. A soldier who marches and fights on
foot. a. A male servant who attends the door, carriage,
table, etc. 3. A moth having liverylike colors.
FOOtlBUk' (-miurkOi n. A footprint ; a track.
Foot'notO' (-nSt' ), n. A note of reference or comment
at the foot of a page.
Foofpod' (-pIM/), n. Ahli
Foot^th' (-p4th0, n. A footwav.
FooKprtnt' (-prTntO, n. Impression of
the foot ; trace or footmark.
Foot'-MfO' (-^r'), a. Having sore
feet, from much walking.
Foof Stalk' (-stfMcO, n. 1. Stalk of a
leaf or flower; a petiole, pedicel, or pe-
duncle, a. (a) Peduncle or stem attach- p^,.,.,. J,v
ing various marine animals. (6) Stem " '^******^'' ^'^
supporting the eye in decapod Crustacea ; eyestalk.
f {taWMv^h »• Mark of the foot ; track.
Fool'StOOl' (-stO&lO, n. A low stool to support the
feet of one dtting.
Foot'way' (-wi'), n. A passage for pedestrians only.
__ (•wOm'), a. Worn by, or wearied in,
the feet.
Fop (f9p), n. [OE., fool ; of. O. foppen to fool.]
One given to showy dress ; a coxcomb. — FOD^lpV -y, n.
— Ff^ptah, a,— rvp'ptatk-lj, adv.- FopWA-noMl, n.
Syn. — Finical : spruce ; dandyish. Bm roncAL.
rop'llltf, A. A petty fop.
For (fftr), prtp. iAR. /or^ fore ; akin to D. tfoor, O.
vor^/Ur^ L. pro^ Or. vp6.] In view of ; with reference
to ; because of ; in behalf of ; concerning ; toward ; dur-
ing: instead of; in qrite of; notwithstanding. ^ coi^.
1. Because ; by reason that 8. Since.
Syn. — See BacAVSB.
iWogO (i8r^j; 2), n. [OF. /cmrope, fr. forre fod-
der, straw, fr. LL. /oderum^ fodrum. See Fodosb.] 1.
A foraging ; search for provisions, etc. 3. Food for sni-
mals, esp. for horses and cattle. — r./. To wander in
searoh of food ; to ravage. — r. t. To Ktrip of provisions ;
to supply with forage. — Foi'O-ffOr (-A-jSr), n.
B Fo-fO'noil (f*-rl^«n), n. [L., fr. /orare to bore.]
A small opening, perforation, or orifloe.
For'OS-moOB' (fdr'is-mlichOt cof^j- In consideratioii
that ; seehig that ; since ; because ; — followed by as.
FOC'ky (i6r^ or it'tV)^ n. [A form of forage."] A
raid. ^ r. /. To pillage ; to ravage.
For-lMflo' (f5r-bSdO, imp. of Forbid.
For-boor' (-bftr'), n. [See Fobs, and Bbab to produce.]
An ancestor; forefather. IScol.}
For-bOOX'. V. i. & t. limp. Fobbbobb (-bSrO (Fobbabb
(-bEr'), Obs.) ; p. p. Fobbobhb (-bSn/) \ p. pr. A vb. n.
FbBBBABXHO.] [AS. /orberatt; pref. for- -f beron to
bear.] 1. To cease ; to delay. 8. To refuse ; to decline.
3. To avoid ; to give up. — For-bOOX'UlOO, n.
Syn. — Abstinence; refraining; lenity; mildness.
ra-Ud' (-bTdO, V. t [imp. Fobbadb (-lldM ; p. p.
Fobbiddbv (-bld'd^n) (Fobbid. Ob».)\ p. pr. & vb. n.
Fobbidddio (-dTng).1 [AS. jorbeMan; pref. for- -f-
beddan to bid.] L To command against ; to prohibit,
a. To deny or exclude from. 3. To oppose, hinder, or
prevent. — v. <. To utter a prohibition ; to hinder.
Syn. — To interdict; hinder; preclude; withhold;
restrain: prevent. SeePBOHiBiT.
For-lMPdillC a. Repelling approach : raising dislike.
Syn.— Disagreeable; offensive; repulsive; odious.
For-lMniO' (-bCmO, p. p. of FoBBBAB.
Foroo (f5rs), n. [F. ; LL. /orcto, /or/ta, fr. L. fortis
strong. See Fobt.] 1. Strength or energy of body or
mind ; vigor ; power to persuade, c<mvince, or impose
obligation ; validity ; special signification. 8. Violence ;
coercion. 3. Strength for war ; armament : troops. 4.
(a) Power exercised without Uw ; violence, {b) Validity ;
efficacy. 6. Physical action between two bodies tending
to change their relative condition.
Syn. — FoacB ; Stbbkoth ; vigor ; might ; energy ;
stress: vehemence: violence: compulsion: constraint :
coercion. — Strenffth looks rather to power as an intrant
caiMMlity or energy. Force looks more to the ouiwai
— r. /. Timp. & p. p. Fobcbd (fSrst) ; p. pr. & rb. h
FoBCiHO (f5r'sTng)J 1. To constrain to do or to for-
bear ; to coerce. 8. To compel, as by strength of evi-
dence. 3. To ravish; to riolate. 4. To obtain by
strength ; to storm. 6. To exert to the utmost ; to urge
to excessive or nntimdv action.
Syn. — To compel ; oblige ; coerce ; drive ; Impel.
Foroo'DlOOr (f5rs'm»t0,n. [Corrupt, tor farce-meat^
fr. F. farce stuffing.] Meat chopped fine and hipMy
seasoned, used as a Rtuffing. [Written also forced meat.^
For'OOpo (fCr'nBps), n. [L. forceps, -eipis, fr. root of
formits hot -f- eapere to take.] A pidr of pinchers, esp.
for delicate operations of wstchmskers, surgeons, etc.
For'ol-tlO (f5r'BT-b»l), a. 1. Possessing force, energy.
K, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; &, fi, I, A, «, tf >tM>rt ; sanAte, 3yan^ tdea, Obey, finite, oAr^ iirm, Aak, iin, AmL
FORCIBLY
231
or eflBdaney; powerful. 2. Violent; impetaoiu. 3.
Udng force Maiust reaUUnce ; obtained br oompoliioD.
— FOf^d-Uy (fSfdTbiy), adv. - For^d-UlhlMM, n,
Srn. — Violent ; powerful ; atrong ; energetic ; mighty.
Tm (fSrd), n. IA8.1 A place wtiere water may be
pawed on foot, by wading.— v. L To pace or croM
(water) by wading. — Forra-bto, a. — FOKdOMS, a.
Fore (for)f adv. [AS., adr. A prep., a form of /or A
1. In the part that precedes or goes nrat;~opp. to o/l/,
baekf behtiuL, etc ft. In or towards the bows of a ahip.
»a. Advanced; toward the front; being or coming
first ; earlier ; forward. — n. The front ; the future.
fSce aad aft, from stem to stem ; lengthwise of a TesseL
Fore-anB' (fSr-irm'), v. I. To arm or prepare for at-
tack or resistance before the time of need. [to wrirt. I
TfK^wmf (fSr'iLrin'), n. Part of the arm from elbow |
Fore-bode' (I9r.b5i'), v. t. & i. Ik^ /orebodian ;
/ore + bodian to announce.] 1. To foretelL 2. To
augur despondinglT. — Fore-DOd1ll(, n.
8]rn« — Toforetell ; augur ; presage : portend ; betoken.
(fSr-kAsta V. i. A i. 1. To plan before-
j to project. 2. To foresee.
Fore'OAIf (fSrOcistQ* n. 1. PreTious oontriTance;
psedetermination. 2. Foresight; premeditation.
Fore'osrae (rSrOcXs^n ; $aihrs My tSk'tl), n. ia\
Dock of a vessel forward of tlie foremast. (6) Forward
jfmrt of the vessel, under the deck, where the sailors Hve.
Fore-eloee' (fSr-klS^O* v. t. {F./ordo*, p. p. of /or-
dore to exclude ; OF. /or* except + F. dore to close.]
To shut up or out ; to bar ; to exclude.
For»«10'rare(-klS'shttr),n. l. a foreclosing. 2. The
preventing redemption of mortgaged premises.
For»4oOllt' (fSr-d55in'), v. t. To predestinate.
Fore'doom' (fSr^dSftm^i, ». Doom decreed in advance.
Forela'ther (fSr^m^tfaSr). n. An ancestor.
Fore-fond' (f5r-fSnd'), v. U To hinder ; to avert
Fore'llll'ger(f9r'fTQ'gdr),n. Finger next to the thumb.
FOre'looC' (-fd6f ), n. 1 One of the anterior feet
of a quadruped n* multiped ; — usiudly written /ore /oot.
%. A timber terminating a ship's keel at the fore end.
Foretront^ (-frfintOt n. Foremost part or place.
Fote-ge' (-ffSOf v. t. \imp. Fobswcmt (-wSnf ) ; p.p.
FoftBooKS (-goi/); p. pr. & vb. n. Foaaaouia.] 1. To
quit; to leave. 2. To give up ; to resign.
QT* For(fo is the better spelling etymologlcalhr, but
the word has been confused with Fobboo, to go before.
Fore-go', ». /. [AS. /oregdn ; /ore -f gdn to go.] To
go before; to precede.
Fore'CTOmid' (fSKgroundO* n. In a psinting, etc.,
that part of the scene nearest to the spectator.
Fore'haBd'ed (-hXnd'M), a. 1. Burly ; timely. 2.
Beforehand with one's needs ; in easy circumstances.
Fore'lioad (fOr'Sd), n. 1. The part of the face above
the eyes ; brow. 2. The countenmoe ; assurance.
For'elgll (fSrTn), a. [F. /oram^ LL. /oranetu^ fr. L.
/onUf /oriSf out of doors, abroad.] 1. Outside ; sepa-
rated ; aUen. 2. Not native to a certain country ; belomi-
ing to another country, sovereignty, or localitv. 3. Re-
mote ; strnnge ; not appropriate ; not agreeable.
8yn« — Outlandish ; alien ; exotic ; mstant ; extrinsic.
For'Olgll-or, n. An alien ; stranger.
Fore-JvdgO' (fSr-jOJO* v. t. To Judge before hearing
the facta and proof ; to prejudge.
Fore-knoiW' (-nSO* v. t. To h%ve previous knowledge
of; to know beforehand. — Fore-knOWl'OdCO (-nSl'Sj ), n.
Tan^UtAf (fSrlJbidOt n. Pronumtory ; headland.
ForelOOk' (-ISkO, n. 1. Lock of hair growing from
the fore part of the liead. 2. A cottar ; linchpin.
FOre'BUUI (-man), n. The first man ; chief man of a
jnnr ; chief of a set of hands ; overseer.
Fore'mast' (-mivt/), n. The mast nearest the bow.
Fore'mosf (-mSsf ), a. [AS. /ormettjyrmeitty snperl.
of /orma first, super!, fr. /ore fore.] First In time or
~*~ - xatMX advanced ; chief In rank or dignity.
FOREWARN
(fBr'nSenO, ». The early part of the daj,
from morning to meridian, or noon.
Fo^ren^riO (f^-rfc/slk), a. [L. /oreiuUy fr. /ontm
market place.] Belonging to courta of judicature or to
public debate; argumentimve ; rhetoricaL
Fore'er-daln' (iSrdr-dSuOt «. '. To ordain or ap-
point beforehand. — Fqro^irdi-natloil, n.
Fore-Of di-aate (-dr'dT-nIt), v. t. To foreordahi.
Fore' pen' (iCr' piirta or Fore'Mut', n. The part
most advanced in time or in place ; the beginning.
Fore'kailk' (-rinkO* n. The first rank ; the front.
FOre-rVB' (-rttnOiV- <• I. To run before ; to precede.
2._To announce. — Fore-mil'llier, n.
(fOr'sSl'; avwng teamen f Sr's'l or f^sH), n.
(a) Sail bent to the foreyard of a squarerigged vessel,
tlie lowest saQ on the foremast. (6) Gaff saUset on the
foremast of a schooner, (e) Fore staysail of a sloop.
Fore-eee' (f9r-s80t v. U To foreknow.
Fore-ehed'OW (-shXd'ft), V. /. To prefigure.
Fore ihort'on (-shOrf *n), v. U To shorten by draw-
ing in perspective.
Foreshow' (-shSOt v. t. To show or exhibit before-
hand ; to prognosticate ; to foretelL
Fore'algllt' (fSr'sif ), n. 1. A foreseeing ; prescience ;
foreknowledge. 2. Action in reference to the future ;
prudence ; wise forethought. 3. Any sight or reading
of a surveyor's leveling staff, except the backsight.
Foie'Mkln (-skTn), n. Fold of skin covering the glana
of the penis ; prepuce.
For'oet (fOr'Sst), n. [OF. ; LL. /oresH* open ground
reserved for the chase, fr. L. /orit^/orag^ out of doors.]
An extensive wood. —a. Pertaining to a forest ; sylvan.
Fore-Stlll' (f5r-st}|l'), v. t. [OE. /orsiallen to stop
(goods) on the way to the market by buying them up
beforehand, fr. AS. forsteal^ a placing one's self before
another.] 1. To take in advance ; to anticipate. 2. To
get ahead of ; to preoccupy ; to exclude or prevent, by
measures taken in advance.
Syn. — To anticipate ; monopolise ; engross.
Fore'SUy' (fSr^sti'), n. A strong rope from a ship's
foremast head to the bowsprit, supporting the mast.
For'oet-or (fOr'Sst-Sr), n. 1. One in charge of a forest
2. Inhabitant of a forest 3. A lepidopterous insect, in-
jurious to grapevines.
For'oet-ry (-ry), n. The forming or cultivating for-
esta : management of growing timber. [pation. I
ForetMfe' (fSrOisf ), n. A taste beforehand ; antici-l
Fore-taste' (fSr-tSstO, v. I. 1. To taste before full
possession; to anticipate. 2. To taste before another.
Fore-tell' (-tSl), v.t.&.i. To teU before occunence ;
to foreshow. — Fore^tell'or, n.
Syn. — To predict ; prophesy ; prognosticate ; augur.
ForethODgllt' (fSr^thatO, a. Thought of, or planned,
beforehand; aforethought; prepense; deliberate. ^n.
A planning beforehand ; forecast ; provident care.
ForelO'ken (fSKtSnc'n), n. [as. /oreticen.'} Prog-
nostic ; previous omen.
Fore-tolmi (fSr-tSnc'n), v. t. [as. /oretaenian ; /ore
-{- tScnian.'] To foreshow ; to prognosticate.
Fore' tootll' (tSotha One of the teeth in the fore
part of tlie mouth : aninci*or.
Fore'tOF^ (fSr'tSp'), n. 1. The hair on the fore part of
the head. 2. PIntform at thft head of a ship's foremast
Fore'-top-gallant (fSr'tOp-gli'iant or -t'gU'.), a.
Designating a mast, sail, etc., above the fore-topmast
Fore'-topOnMSt (-tOf/mist), n. Bfast erected at the
head of the foremast, and at tlie head of which stands
the fore-topgallant mast [mast I
Fore'-top'aall (-»tl or -si), n. Sail on the fore-top- 1
For-ev'er (f5r-8v'8r), adv. [For, prep. -}- ever."] 1.
Through eternity ; through endless ages. 2. Always.
Ryn. — Const<witly ; continually; perpetually; cease-
lessly : interminably ; endlessly ; eternally.
Fore-wam' (fSr-wum'), r. /. To warn beforehand.
fin, recent, 6rb, r||da, f^ lto« ftfbd, f«R>t, oat, oil, chair, bo, sins, iQk, then, Uiin.
FOREWOMAN
232
FORMERLY
I'an (fBr'wWm'on), n.
of work In a shop, etc.
A woman in oluuipo
Forlatt (fOi/lTt), n. [F. /orfaii crime, prop. p. p. of
forfaire to forfeit, tranagreaa, Ir. LL. /ori^facere^ prop.,
to act beyond ; L. fori* abroad, beyond +faeert to da]
A thing forfeited bv a crime, offense, or breach of con-
tract; a fine; penalty. —a. Loet or alienated for an
offense, ^v. t. To lose right to, by some error or crime.
^p. p. or a. In the condition of being forfeited ; subject
to alienation. — Forfslt-a-bto, a,
For'tei-tlira (-fl-tttr ; 40), n. 1. A forfeiting. 2.
That which is forfeited.
Byn. — Fine; mulct; amercement: penalty.
Tai'gKWd^ (f 5r-giv0« imp. of Fosoivm.
Forg* (f 5rj ), A. [F. , fr. I4. fabrica workshop, f r. faher
smith. Cf.FASRio.] 1. Place
where metals are wrought by
heating and hammering ; a
smithy. 2. Works where
wrought iron is produced _ :
directlv from the ore, or ^ ij
where iron is rendered mal- " "
leable by paddling and shin-
gliuf^. ^v. t. 1. To form by
Bisckftmith'i Forge.
heatmg and hammering ; to
beat (metal) into shape. 2.
To produce ; to invent. 3. To
make falsely ; to produce
(something not genuine) ; to
counterfeit. ^ V. i. 1. To
commit f oreery. 2. To more
hearily and slowly, as a ship
whose saib are furled ; to work one's way, as one ship
in outsailinii: another.
Syn. — To fabricate ; counterfeit ; feign ; falsify.
For'for (fSr^iir), n. 1. One who forges or forms ; a
fabricator ; falsifier. 2. One guilty of forgery.
For'f tr-y, n. 1. A forging, fabricating, or producing
falsely ; crime of making or altering a writing or signa-
ture purporting to be made by another, for the purpose
of fraud. 2. That which is forged or counterfeited.
Syn. — CoOTTTBarMT ; Forobht. — Cotin/zr/W/ is chiefly
used of imitations of coin or securities depending upon
engrared designs for assurance of genuineness. Forgery
is more properly applied to making a false imitation of an
instrument depenaing on signatures to show validity.
For-cet' (for-gBf), v. t. [imp. FoRooT (-g5t') (Fob-
oat (-gat^), 06*.) ; p. p. FoHOOTTBM (-gSt't'n), Foboot ;
p. pr. & vb. n. FoBOBTTiNO.] [AS. forgietan ; pnt./or-
-{- gietan (only in comp.) to get.] 1. To lose remem-
brance of ; not to think of ; also, to lose power of ; to
cease from doing. 2. To disregard ; to neglect. — For-
gvt'fol, a.— For-g«tlal-ly, adv. — For-Kottol-iitM, n.
Syn. — FoBOBTFULNBss : Oblivion. — rorget/ulnes* is
Anglo-8\xou, oblivion Latin. The former refers to per-
sons, and marks a state of mind ; the latter to things, and
indicates a condition into which they are sunk.
Fer-get'-me-not (-m^-nSf), n. [Cf. o. vergUs-
meinnichi.'] A small herb, bearing a blue flower, and
considered the emblem of fidelity.
For-flve' (-gTvO, v. t. {imp. FoBOAVB (-gav') ; n. p.
FoBorvEM (-gTv''n) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Foboivino.] [AS.
forffie/an ; pref. for- -f- giefan^ ffi/an^ to give.] To give
up resentment for (an offense or wrong) ; to pardon.
Syn. —See Excuse.
For-glvo'n«8S, n. A fonriving or being forgiven.
Syn. — Foroivknbss ; Pardon ; romission. — Forqivf-
ness is Anglo-Sixon, and nartion Norman French, both
implying a tjivmii back. Pardon looks more to outward
consequences and to trifling matters, as when we beg jwr-
don for interrupting a ro^n. The civil magistrate also
grants a pardon^ vaxQ, i\oX forgivenesg.
For-Clylnf . a. Di8|x>aed to forgive ; mild ; merci-
ful. — For-glYlng-ly, od%\ — For-Klv'iBg-noM, n.
For-gO' (-k5'), »'• /. [imp. FoRWBNT ; p. p. FOBOOKB ;
p. pr, & vb. n. FoBOOUfo.] [AS. forgaut prop., to go
past, benoe, to abstain from ; pref. for- -f pan to go.]
Topass by ; to let slip ; to omit ; to leave. Bee FoBBoa
For-got' (fSr-gSt^), imp. &p. p. of Fobobt.
Fork (l8rk), n. [AS. fore, It. L. furca.} 1. An in-
strument with prongs or tines, for piercing, holding, or
pitching anythinc. 2. A prong ; branch ; angle between
two branches or limbs. — v. i. 1. To shoot Into blades,
as com. 2. To divide into branches. ^ v. t. To raise
with a fork, as hay ; to dig with a fork, as the soiL
Forfc^ {-f), a. Opening into parU ; forked ; furcated.
For-ltm' (-I8m')» «• IA%. forUdsan (p. p. forioren)
to lose utterly ; pni.for- -f U6*aH (hi comp.) to lose.]
1. Deserted ; lost. 1. Almost hopeless ; desperate.
A ferlora iMpe. [D. verforen hooj\ prop., a lost troop.]
A body of men (called in F. enjanis peidus^ in G. vertor-
nen posten) selected to perform extraordinarily perilous
military service ; also, a desperate case or enterprise.
Syn. — Destitute ; lost ; abject ; miserable ; piUable.
Fonn (idrm), n. [0£. & ¥. forme, fr. L. forma.}
1. Shape and structure of anything, as distinguished fr.
its materiaL 2. Constitution; system. 3. Established
method ; way of proceeding ; formula. 4. Show without
substance; conventional ceremony; formality. 6. Or-
derly arrangement ; beauty. 6. A shape ; phantom. 7.
A mold ; pattern ; model. 8. A bench ; rank of students
in a school ; class. 9. Bed of a hare. 10. Type from
which a printed impression is to be taken, secured in a
chase. 11. Grammatical structure of a word. 12. The
peculiar characteristics of an organism as a type of others ;
structure of the parts of an animal or plant. »v. <.
1. To give form to; to construct. 2. To adjust; to
train. 3. To be the essential elements of ; to take the
shape of. 4. To derive (words) bv grammatical rulea,
as by adding proper suffixes and affixes. ^ v. i. To take
a definite shape or arrangement.
Fonn'al (Idrm'al), a. 1. Belonging to the form or
organisation of a thing. 2. Constituent ; essentiaL 3.
Done in due form, or with solemnitv ; ceremonial ; not
incidental or irregular; express. 4. Devoted to forms
or rules; punctilious; exact; prim; stiff. 6. Havii^
the form or appearance without substance or essence ;
external. 6. Dependent on form ; conventionaL
Syn. — Fobmal; Cbrbmonious; precise; punctilious;
stilt : affected ; ritual ; ceremonial ; extemsl ] outward.
— When applied to things, formal aoid ceremontous dtncUb
a mere accordance with rules of form or ceremony.
When applied to a person or his manners, they are used
in a bad sense ; a person being called formal who shapes
himself too much oy some pattern or set form, and cere-
moitiou* when he lays too much stress on the conven-
tional laws of social intercourse.
Fomi'al-im, n. strict adherence to external forms.
Fomi'al-ist, n. One overattentive to forms.
For-mall-ty (f5r-mS11-tj^), n. 1. The being formal,
precise, etc. 2. Form without substance. 3. Compli-
ance with formal or conventional rules ; ceremony. 4. An
established or usual method ; habitual mode.
Fonn'al-ly, adv. In a formal manner ; precisely.
For-nui'mi (fSr-mi'shlin), n. 1. A giving form to
anything. 2. Structure ; conformation. 3. A stibetance
formed. 4. Series of rock masses deaigniOed with refer-
ence to their geological origin.
Fonn'a-tlTO (f&rm'A-tIv), a. 1. Giving form ; plastic.
2. Serving to form (words, etc.); derivative; not radi-
cal. 3. Capable of growth and development ; germinaL
^n. in) A prefix, termination, etc., serving merely to
give form, and no part of tlie radical. (6) A word formed
in accordance with some nile or usage.
Fonn'or, n. 1. Oue who forms; maker. 2. (a^ A
shape around which an article is to be shaped, molded,
woven, etc. {b) A pattern, (c) A cutting die.
For'teir (fGr'mSr), a. compar. [A compar. due to
OR. forme ft. See Forbmost.] 1. Preceding in order
of time. 2. Near the beguming. 3. First mentioned.
Syn. — Prior ; anterior : antecedent ; foregoing.
For'nur-ly, adv. In time past ; of old ; heretofore.
a, S, i, o, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, <l, f, short ; senAte, 3Ttnt, tdea, Obey, ttnlte, cftre, firm, ask, nil, finaL
FORMIDABLE
233
FOUL
(fOr'mT^li-bn), a. [L. /ormidoMlit, fr.
fcrmidcre to fear.] Excitinir fear or apprehenaiim ;
unpreMinffdrMd ; uarmine. — -For'inl-dA-Uy, adv,
Srn. — Dreadful ; fearful ; terrible ; tremeudous.
nciBlaM (fdrm'lSs), a, Sbapeleas.
~ ' B-U (fdr^mt-li), n. .• pi. K. -LiLS (-lit), L. -lac
Mi). [L., dim oijorma form, modeL] 1. A preacribed
form ; established rule for doing or saying anytliing. 2.
Confeiikm of faith. 3. Rule expressed in algebraio lan-
guage. 4. Prescription for preparing a medicinal com-
pound. 6. Symbolic expression (by letters, figures, etc.)
of the chemical constituents of a compound.
For'Bni-llhfy (-li-r9), a. Stated ; preacribed ; rituaL
—A. 1. Book contahiing prescribed forms (of declara-
tions, prayers, medical formula, etc.); book of prece-
dents. 8. Prescribed model ; formula.
FOf^nni-lAte (-lit), v. /. To reduce to, or expreM in,
a formula ; to state definitely. — For'lllll-U'tlOII, n.
Pot^am-Uia (-mtt-lls), v. t. To formulate.
For'nl-catS (-nT-kit), v. i, [L. fomieaH^ -caiut, fr.
fornix^ 4cit, vault, brotheL] To have unlawful sexual
interooorae. — For^ol-Oft^tor, n. — For'al-oa'tllM, n. /.
Forol-oatloil, n. Unlawful sexual intercourse on the
part of an unmarried jperson.
TWnj (fttr'rt or fOr-rS'), r. /. & n. Foray.
For-Mln' (f5r-aik0t v. t. limp. Forsook (-«d6k0 ; p.
p. FoBSAKBM (-sSk'^n) \ p.pr.A vS. n. Fobsakxho.] [ AS.
forsaean to oppose, refuse ; for- -{- sacan to strive.] 1.
To quit entireuy ; to desert. 2. To renounce; to refuse.
Sjn. — To quit ; fail ; renounce ; reject. See Abajtoom.
For-MWUl' (-s«5th0« adv. [AS. fortOS; /or, prep,
-f- *0S sooth, truth.! In truth ; — used ironically.
Fm-mwu' (•swtr'), v. t. [imp. FoRSwoRS (-swSrO :
p. p. FoRswoRH (-swSmQ ; p. pr. St vb. n. Forswsariho.]
[AS. fornoerian ; pref . for- -f- awerian to swear. ] To re-
nounce, or deny, upon oatli. ^ v. i. To commit perjury.
Syn. — See PBRivRR.
Fort (fSrt), n. [F., strong, L. fortis.'] A strong or
fortified place, usually occupied only by troops ; a forti-
fication, [which one excels. '
Forts (fSrt), n, [It.] The strong point; that in|
II Foino (fOr'tt), odr. [It., fr. L./or/i*.l Strongly.
Forth (fSrth), adv. [AS. /orS, fr. /or.] 1. Forward ;
onward in time, place, or order ; on to the end. 2. Out
(from concealment, retirement, nondevelopment, etc.) ;
oat into view. 3. Beyond a (certain) boundary ; away.
FarthroomillS (flfrthnillm^ng or fffrth^kfim'-), a.
Ready or about to appear ; making appearance.
FortlfWlth' (HJrth'wTth' or -wfth'), adv. DirecUy.
rQttlmitQT'tU),n,pl. SeeFoBTT.
FWm-«tll (-tT-«tii), a. [AS. fedwertigoSa.} 1. Fol-
lowing the thirty-ninth. 2. Constituting one of forty
equal parts of a thing, ^n. One of forty equal parts ;
quotient of a unit divided by forty ; one next in order
after the thirty-ninth.
Fortl-fl4Ml'tten (-fT-kTshfin), n. 1. A fortifying;
art of f ortif ving places to defend them against an enemy.
2. That which fortifies ; a fortified place ; fortress ; fort.
Brn. — Fortress ; citadel : bulwark. See Fobtbbss.
For'tl-tF (-fl), V. t. [F. fortifier, L. fortificare ; JortU
■^rong -f -fieare (in oomp.) to make.] To strengthen ; to
furnish with power to resist attack.
I For-ttrd-mo (f5r-tT</sT.m« or fOr-tts'at-mft), adv.
[It, superl. ot forte.'] With the utmost loudness.
FOr^tnd* (fftr^T-tud), n. [L. fortUudo, fr. fortit.^
Strength of mind enabling one to encounter danger or
bear pain courageously ; resolute endurance.
Syn. — EndunuHH) ; resolution ; resoluteness ; bravery.
See CouRAas, and Hbboisk.
Fort'olglir (ffirf nit/ ) , n. [Contr. f r. foftHem nighU. ]
Space of two weeks. — Fortlliflltly, a. & adv.
FortrOM (ffirOrfis), n. [OF. /orteresce, fortelesee,
LL. fortalitin^ fr. L. forti* stronir.] A fortified place.
Srn.— Fobtbbss; Fobtiticatioh ; Gastlb: CrrADiL.
A fortrtu is for military purposes only ; a fortification
is built to defend harbors, cities, etc. : a eoMtle is an an-
cient fortress, ordinarily a palatial dwelling ; a citadel
is the stronghold of a fortress, city. etc.
For-tal-tom (fSr-tuT-tOs), a. iL. fortuUua ; akin to
forte by chance.^ 1. Happening by chance ; coming un-
expectedly, or without known cause. 2. Happening in-
dependenthr of human will or means of foresight.
Sjn. —Casual ; contingent. See AocmBMTAL.
For-tal-ty (-tf ), n.^ocident.
For^-IIAtO (fOr'tfi-ntt ; 40), a. IL. foriunare, -futtum,
to prosper, tx.fortuna. See Fobtumb.^ 1. Coming by
good luck or favorable ciiance; bringmg or pressging
happiness. 2. Receiving some unexpected good ; lucky.
— ForOn-BatA-ly, adv.
Syn. — FoBTUHATB ; Succbssfcl ; Pbospbbous ; auspi-
cious : lucky ; favored ; happy. — A man is Jortunate,
when ne is favored of fortune, and has unusual blessings ;
succenful when he gains what he aims at ; prosperotu
when he succeeds in things which men commonly desire.
For'tniM (fOr'tfin ; 40), n. [F. ; L. Jortuna ; aktu to
forM,forti», cliance.] 1. Arrival of something unexpect-
edly ; hap. 2. That which befalls one ; lot in life ; fate.
3. Good or ill success ; esp., favorably issue. 4k. Wealth ;
large estate ; riches. — v. i. To happen.
Syn. — Chance ; accident ; luck ; fate.
Fertans hunter, one who seeks to acquire wealth by mar-
riage. — Fertona tsllsr, one who professes to tell xuture
events in another's life.
For'tlllM-lOflB, a. Luckless ; destitute of a fortune.
For^ (fSr'tJ), a. [Aa /edwertig ; feSwer four -f
suif. 4ig ten.] Four times ten. » n. ; pi. Fobtibs (-tTs).
1. Sum of four tens ; forty units or objects. 2. B]rmlx>l
expressing forty units ; as, 40, or xL
Fo'tlim (fS'riim), n. [L. ; akin to /oris. See Fobbior.]
1. A market place in Rome, where causes were judicially
tried, and orations delivered. 2. A tribunal ; court.
For'wara (ffir'wJrd), ) adv. [AS. forveard, fore-
For^arfis (-wSrdz), ( irearj.] Toward a part or
place before ; onward ; in advance ; — opp. to backward.
For'ward, a. 1. Near, or at, the fore part ; in ad-
vance of something else. 2. Ready ; prompt ; over-
re:il3^: ^ *■ 3 Ardent; eager; bold; confident.
4k.A.Ji e usual degree, ^v. /. l.Tohelp
on HI nl i ! ,> J n . 1 . 2 To send forward. — For^«rd-«r,
n. For wait] ir^ '• — For'ward-noflB, n.
Sjn* -ProitiLiiK ".: ardor; boldness; impudence.
far* wards ( ■ ^ v nisi, adv. Forward.
|; Foa'BB {iYj^'^Vi, '> ; pi. -bm (-sS). [L., a ditch.] A
pit, irjnKtVf, uivitYn. or lepression, as in a bone.
Fosse {ra*h n' [J't fr. L. /ossa, fr. /o<iere, /ossum,
to 'he' h A Jiitch 4'r moat. 2. A fossa.
Fo8 'aU ( nSs/at I }, u. lL.JouUis, f r. /odere to dig.] 1.
Di'u: nut of tLtP su-tt]. 2. Pertaining to fossils; con-
taiif'^i iis wockt., pietHAed or not^n. Remains of an
an ] nr plant foun'1 in stratified rocks.
Foa sU ll'er ooa i H^gr-fis), a. IFossil -f- -/erota.]
COEi^iii.rnt^r or j.[N..<'<i of fossUs.
F(Mi3illM(-ii), r./.&C 1. To petrify. 2. To make,
or become, antiquated, rigid, or fixed.
Foster (f8s't8r), v. t. [AS. /B*/«r, fOstor, nourish-
ment, iT.fdda foodf.] 1. To feed ; to support ; to bring
up. 2. To promote the growth of; to encoursge. ^a.
Relating to nourishment ; affording, receiving, or shar-
ing nurture ; — applied to father, mother, child, brother,
etc., to indicate the relationship of parent, child, etc., as
remrds nurture, but not by blood.
Ftmrtn-Uf9 (-tj ; 2). n. Act of fostering.
FonCltt (fftt), imp. & p. p. of FiOHT.
Fou(foul), a. [AS./u/.] 1. Covered with, or con-
taining, extraneous matter which is noxious or obstruc-
tive ; nasty ; defiled. 2. Scurrilous ; obscene or profane ;
abusive. 3. Hateful; shameful. 4. Not favorable;
stormy ; — said of the weather, sky, etc. 6. Not con-
formed to the establinhed rules of a game, test, etc ; un-
fair ; cheating. 6. Entangled ; obstructed ; — opp. to
fSm, recent, drb, r^de, f^^ Ikm, f«>bd, ftfbt, out, oil, oliair, yo, aini;, igk, tben, thin.
FOULARD
284
FRAME
elear.^v.t. 1. To defile; to aoU. 8. To eotaiMEU, so
M to impede motioo ; to collide with. ~ v. i. 1. TO be-
come clMged with burnt powder, u a gun. 2. To become
entangled; to collide. ^n. 1. An entanglement; col-
lision. 2. A foul ball, in the game of baeeball, or one
that strilcea the ground, or rolU, outdde of certain limits.
U FoalarA' (fSd^lirO. n. [F.] A thin, waahable ma-
terial of silk, or silk and cotton. [dishonorably. I
Foully, adv. In a foul manner ; filthily ; unfairly ; |
FOQllMiM, n. The being foul.
Fonild (found), imp. A p. p. of Fihd.
Fonildt V. t. [F. Jondre^ L. /undtre to found, pour.]
To form by melti^ metal, and pouring it into a mold.
Fovnd, tr. t. [F. fonder^ L. fundart^ tt. fundus bot-
tom.] 1. To lay the basis of ; to fix firmly. 2. To take
the first measures in building up ; to originate.
Syn. — To base ; eetablish ; fix. See PiBDiCAn.
Fotm-dA'tlOII (foun-di'shlin), n. 1. A founding, fix-
ing, establisliing, or begiunina to erect. 2. That upon
which anything stands, and by which it is supported ;
basis. 3. A donation to support a charitable institution ;
endowment. 4. An endowed institution.
Fonad'er (found'Sr), n. One who founds, or endows.
Foond'ttr, n. One who founds, or casts metals.
Fonil'der (founMSr), V. i. [OF. fondrer to fall hi, fr.
fond iMttom, L. fundm. Bee Fouiro to establish J 1.
To become filled with water, and sink, as a ship. 2. To
stumble and go lame, as a horse. 3. To fail ; to mis-
carry, -^v. t. To cause internal inflammation in the feet
or limbs of (a horse), so as to lame him. ^n. lameness
in a horse^s foot ; inflammatory fever ; acute rheumatism.
Foimd'W-T (found'Sr-y), n. [F. /onderitt fr. /ondre
to cast.] A foundry.
FonndllllC (-ITng), n. [See Fnro and -Loro.] A de-
serted infant ; child found without parent or owner.
FonndttU, <•. Woman who founds or endows.
Fonad'ry (-rf), n. [See FouHDBBT.] 1. A casting
metals. 2. Buildings and works for casting metals.
Fount (fount), n. [See Fotrr.] A printer*s font.
Fount, n. [OF. ; L. /oiw, /on/i«.] A fountain,
I (foun'tTn), n. [F. fonUtine^ LL. fontana^
fr. L. fonsA 1. A spring of water issuing from the
earth. 2. An artificial jet of water ; basin supplied with
water. 3. Reservoir. 4. Source ; origin.
Foutaia bead, primary source ; original ; first principle.
Four (fSr), a. [AS. fedwer; akin to D. A G. vier^ L.
quattiory Or. i^rraf>««, riaaapts^ wurvp^t. Cf. FASTBDro,
FuuuK, FoBTT, QuixB of paper, TmuacH.] One more
than three ; twice two. ~n. 1. Sum of four units ; four
objects. 2. Svmbol representing four units, as 4 or It.
Fourfold' (fSr'fSldO, a. & adv. Four times ; quad-
ruple. ^ n. Four tim<>8 as many or as much, [ruped. I
FonrlOOt'ed i-tdbVM)^ a. Having four feet ; auad-|
Fonr'-in-lUUld' (-Tn-hindO, a. Gondsting of four
horses driven by one person ; arawn by four horses. ^ n.
A team of four horses ; vehicle drawn by such a team.
Foor'MOro' (-ekSr^), a. Four times twenty ; eighty.
^ n. Product of four times twenty ; eighty units.
Foor'toon' (-tSnOi «. [AS. /edwertpne, fedwertine.^
Four and ten more; twice seven. ^n. 1. Sum of ten
and fotir. 2- Symbol representing fourteen, as 14 or xiv.
Foartoonth' (-tSnthO, a. [AS. /edtcerteoda.l 1.
Next after the thirteenth. 2. Making one of fourteen
equal parts into which anjrthing may be divided. »n.
One of fourteen equal parts ; quotient of a unit divided
by fourteen ; one uext nfter the thirteenth.
Foarth (HJrth), a. [AS. fedrSa^ fr. fedwer four.] 1.
Next after the third ; the ordhial of four. 2. Forming
one of four equal parts. ^ n. A quarter ; quotient of a
unit divided by four ; one coming next after the third.
Foutllly, ndv. In the fourth place.
Fowl (foul), n. [AS. fugol; akin to D. & G. tfogeL"]
1. A bird. 2. A domesticated bird used as food. ~ v. i.
To catch or kUl wUd fowl.
liewltacpisss, a light gun with smooth bore, for kfllii«
birds or small quadrupeds.
Fowl'or (fool'Sr), n. One who parsoea wild (owL
FOS (fSks), n. [AS. ; aUn to G. fuckt, 01 Ton.]
1. A carnivorous
of many
species, Buro-
pean and Amert-
cing fur of great ,
value, and all eel- fg
ebratad f or craft-
inesa. 2. The
European Fox.
European drag-
onet. 3. The fox shark or thrasher shark; sea fos.
4. A cunning fellow. [Co/fo^.l 6. Rope yarn twisted
and tarred. » v. /. 1. To intoxicate. 2. To repair the
feet of (boots) with new front upper leather.
FOM (fSkst), a. 1. Discolored or stained ;— said
of timber, also of the paper of books or engravingik
2. Repaired by foxing ; as, foxed boots.
^ t-BO«, n. 1. The being foxv, or foxlike ; craft-
2. The being foxed or discolored, as books ; d»>
cay ; deterioration. 3. A coarse and soiur taste in grapes.
roiOlll' (-t&O, n. 1. The taU or brush of a fox.
2. A grass having a soft dense head of flowers.
Foi^ (J^), o. 1. Pertaining to the fox; foxlike;
wily. 2. Having the color of a fox ; of a y^owish or
reddish brown coior. 8. Having the odor of a fox ; rank ;
strong smelling. 4. Sour ; unfdeasant in taste ; — said
of wine, beer, etc., not properly fermented.
II FOT'or' (fwA'ytO, n. [F., f r. LL.foearium fireplace.]
1. Lobby in a theatre. 2. Crucible in a furnace.
Fra'OOfl (friHuis; f. fri'kMOt n, [F., din, tumult]
An uproar ; noisy quarrel.
Fimo'tlOII (frUc'shfin), n. [F. ; L. /rocfto a breakfaigv
f r. frangere^fractumt to break.] 1. A porticm ; fragment.
2. One or more aliquot murts of a unit or whole number.
Fnu/tlon-Ol, a. 1. Pertahiing to fractions; consti-
tuting a fraction. 2. Relatively small ; insignificant
FraotlOIUI (-shfis), a. [Cf. Prov. E. frack forward,
eager, E. /reaJfc.] Apt to scold ; Aoss ; ugly ; unruly.
Syn. — Snappish ; peevish ; cross; perverse "^ '
riloHurO (-tfir ; 40), n, " '
pettish.
[L. fractura, fr. frangtre^
, )), n. _
fraetum, to break.] 1. A breaking asunder ; rupture.
2. The breaking of a bone. ^ v. t. To break ; to crack.
Byn. ~ FmAcnrxB ; RvrrumB. — These words denote
different kinds of breaking. Fraciwn is spplied to hard
substances ; as, the/rocf ure of a bone. Rupbtre is applied
to soft substances ; as, the rupture of a blood veaseL
FracflO (f rVi^)} a. {LJragaUytt.frangen.'K ]
- ^ ■ l.-l4».«ll1-tT(fr4.JTlT.t>),ii.
weak ; fraif: frangible ; sUght
ly broken or destroyed.
Syn. ~- Brittle ; infirm \ «*«>»« -. ktmu i muwiuio % aui
RlS'mont (f riff'ment), n. [L. fragtMniufn^ tr. ft
gere.] A part broken off. — Frag'BMn-ta-iy, a.
Fra'gnnt (fri'mnt), a. Ih. fragransj -antitt p. pr.
of fragrare to emit a sweet smeU.] Sweet of smelL —
Fim'grant-ly, adv. — Fim'gnnoo, Fn'gaat-cf, n.
Srn. — Sweet-smelling ; odorous ; si4cy ; aromatic
Ran (frSl), n. [OS. A OF. fraiel, fr. LL. fraeltum,'}
1. A basket 2. Quantity of raisins (32 to 76 pounds)
contained in a fraO. 3. A rush for weaving baskets.
Fnll, a. [OF. fraile^ It. L. fragilu. Etee Fraoilb.]
1. EasUy broken ; fragile ; not durable. 2. Liable to fall
from Tirtue or be led into sin ; unchaste. — Fnll'noM, n.
Frailty (fraKtj^), n. 1. A being f raU, physicaUv, men-
tally, or morally. 2. A fault due to weakness ; foible.
Syn. — Fragility ; imperfection ; infirmity ; failing.
Frame (frim), v. t. [AS. fremman to perform, fr.
from strong.] 1. To construct by fitting together the
parts of a structure. 2. To plan ; to contrive. 3. To fit
to something else ; to adjust ; to conform. 4. To provide
(a picture, etc.) with a frame. ^ n. 1. Febrio ; skeleton
of a structure. 2. Physical constitution ; make or build
of a person. 3. An open case for admitting, inclosing.
ft, S, I, ?S, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, 0, j^, short ; aenttok drent, tdea, Hbey, llnite, cftre, Krm, Ask, »I1, fineO.
FRAMEWORK
235
r R£j£i^Ji<K
oraopportiiigthinn. 4. Form ; ahape ; ■oheme ; ■Tttem.
ft. 8ti^ or dupoamon ; humor ; temper ; mood.
FnUBt^Wors' (Irim'wiirkO, n. The work of framing,
or the completed work ; frame of anything.
^ lag, n. The putting togetlier a frame, or oon-
l anything ; that which frames.
B(frKsk),ii. [F.I A sUTer coin, the French
tftrr onit, worth about 19 cents.
Fnui'<ddM (frXn'chTs or -chis), n. [F., fr. franc.
fem. fnmehe, free.] A particular legal privilege ; im-
munity ; right to Tote. 2. Jurisdiction to which some
priTilege extends; sanctuary. ~ v. /. To enfranchise;
to glTe Uberty ta — Fnui'ohlM-BMlIt (-chTi-ment), n.
FnUi-tftaKoaB (-siykan), a. Pert, to the Roman Catli-
olio Order of St. Francis. ~ ». A monk or friar of a
mendicant order founded in 1209 by St. Francis of Assisi.
Fnil'gl-1llo(frStt'jT-b*I),a. [F. SeeFsAcnow.] Ca-
pable of being broken ; frasUe. — Ftan^gi-llll'l-ty, n.
Fnaik (friwk). a, JF. franc free, frank, L. Aancuj
A Frank, fr. OuO. franko a Germanic people on the
Rhine, who afterward founded the French monarchy.]
Free in uttering one's real sentiments ; using no disguise.
8rn. — PUin; open; sincere. See Gavdio, iNomruous.
•» V. t. To send by public conveyance free of expense. ~
n. Privilege of sending mail matter without charge ;
■imature exempting mail matter from postage.
Fimk, n. 1. One of the Qermans who in the fifth
eantury overran Oaul, and established the kingdom of
France. 2. A native of Western Europe ; a European.
rnakflB-MOM (-Tn-s8ns), n. [OF. frane pure -f
eneens incense.] An aromatic resin, burned as incense.
Tnalkfijt oov. In a frank manner ; freely.
Syn.— Openly; plahily sincerely; willingly.
FtmnkfllMS, it. The being frank ; candor ; liberality.
Flrms'tlo (frib/ttk), a. [OE. frenetik, F. frenetiaue.
It. phrenetietu, fr. Or. Aptviruc^. See FaurzT.] Mad ;
raving ; wild and disorderly ; distracted. — Fnuitio-al-
ly, Frut'tlo-ly, adv. — Fnuftio-nwu, n.
m-tiVlUd (friUtSr'nal), a, [LL. fraicnudis, fr. L.
fraiemiu^ fx.jraier brother.] Pertaining to bretliren ;
brotherly. — Itft-ttf^ll-ly, adv.
FTMOTflli-ty (nT-tjn, n. 1. The being fraternal;
brotlierhood. 2. A body of men associated for common
faiterest, business, or pleasure ; a brotherhood.
Fnift«r-BlM (fri'tir-nis or frSt^r-), v. i. & t. To
aaeooiate as brothers, or as men of like occupation or
eharaoter. — FTa'ttr-lll-ll^im, n.
Fimnrl-«ld« (frSt^rT-sId), n. [L. frairicidium a broth-
er's murder, f r. fratrieUia a brother's murderer ; fnUer,
trairit -^^ eaeder%\nWl.'\ 1. Murder of one's brother,
a. One who kills hia brother. — FrafM^dAl, a.
Ftiad (frf|d), n. [F. fraude, L. fraut, fraudi*.} De-
ception in order to gain unlawful advantage.
Syn* — Deceit ; craft ; sham ; cheat. See Dbcsttioh.
Iravl^lMIt (-tt-ltfnt), a. 1. Using fraud ; dishonest.
2. Characterised by fraud. — Fimovll-lMlMy, adv. —
Frand^ltiiiw, Frand^-lMi-oy, n.
Syn. — Deceitful ; cheating ; treacherous ; unfair.
Frtau^X (fmt), a. [Akin to D. vrachi, O. fracht^ cf.
OHO.yWAi merit, reward.] Freighted ; Uden ; charged.
Fny (friE), n, Affr«y ; oomboi. ^ v. /. To alarm.
Fimy, v.t. &i. [OF. /refer to rub, L. fricare. Cf.
Fuonoir.] To rub; to wear into shreds, by rubbing;
to fret (cloth) ; to ravel, ^n. A fret or chafe.
FlWlk (fr«k), n. [Prob. fr. AS. free bold, greedy.]
A sudden ninseless change of mind : prank ; reprice.
Srn. — Whim ; caprice ; folly ; sport. See Whxm.
nwak'lski a. Apt to change the mind suddenly ; ca-
pricious. — iTMklflk-ly, adv.— FreAkriili-iMw, n.
FkVOldA (friSkOcl), n. [AUn to Dan. fregne, Gr.
99pg^ dark-colored.] A amsU brownish spot on the
face, neck, or handa. ^ v. t. To sprinkle with freckles ;
to spot. »r.i. Tobespotted.— Fl<M/ldy, a.
RM (frS), a. [AS. fred, fr^l 1. Not under oom-
palaioo ; at liberty. 2. Not under arbitrary govern-
ment ; enjoying political liber^. 3. Liberated, by arriv-
ing at a certain age, from control of parents, guardian,
or master. 4. Not confined ; liberated ; at liberty to go.
6. Capable of voluntary actirity.. 6. Clear of offense ;
innocenL 7. Unconstrained by timidity or distrust;
unreserved. 8. Lavish ; licentious. 9. Not close ; lib-
eral. 10. Exempt ; clear. 11. Thrown open to all ;
unrestricted. 12. Gratuitous; spontaneous. 13. Not
arbitrary or despotic; assuring liberty ; instituted by a free
people. 14. Not united or combined with anything else ;
at inx-rty t.. . h ■ -^ T-fr. TTItTiMiit .n.rt:...
TrtH! fc^flncv. [f'.'i^ trr '->l Jt^.tiu^; frt-t-ly, ur witliutitoonfetraint
Up- siL t hi' v iU. f ri« ffOAdi, leofNjn suJii^JtteiHiitu n eoimlTy
frt v^- •.*! 'li]t> Prt* pftTt. \*if A jw^rt wtietieetKKlfttHay l»
receivwi !iinl AhkUDL'ti Irt-e of iLUitum duty> lA^^i A inort
where ifixj'i* ot afl kinds i*iv rvi fiiv«d fpoiu fclur* of nH
natirjus at i-aujil hittn u\ duly Ttm »bwl. (fi ? A hchrxjl
adinittiiJt* a.ll tminU oh an t^^unJ fcMtiiui. n^i A t^ hwl
aufn"^r[4>4>] by tieiK^nil taxatJi:]n, by fadon'munu, etiLn,
wl^i f^ [HJijil* ^my fiothiue lot tuition ; a iiubhc schoul. —
Frf4 wM^^ v>iUft>^ L>f ueutrmJ iiatious, free from ruptiLfV
in tiiuf ul war. Fnt autMn iljQAe uf tht' United StiiUiS,
bef'tri? th* CWU War, m wUk-L fiUyeTy did not i-nirt. —
Fr>« tn4*, commiirct? tiarentTicted b> la^iH reguliiiiaua.
^r. /. 1. To make free ; to set at liberty ; to release ;
to clear. 2. To remove (something that coiiflues or bars).
FlM'bOOrer {trVbBbVir), n. [D. vrijbuiter, fr. vr^'-
buiien to plunder ; vr<; free -f- ^(t^» E* oooty."] A pilla-
ger; buccaneer; sea robber.
Fna^bonf (-bOm^), a. Bom free ; inheriting freedom.
Frtad'ABll (frSd'nuin), n. An emancipated slave.
Fne^dom (frS'dfim), n. IA». freddOm.l 1. A behig
free ; liberty. 2. Privileges ; franchises. "3. Exemption
from neceaaity, in choice and action. 4. Ease ; f adlity.
6. Frankness. 6. Improper familiarity ; license.
Syn. — See Libbstt.
Fll«'-lUUld' (frSOiSndO, a. Done by the hand, with-
out support, or guidance of instruments.
FrM^Udd' (-h91d0. n. An estate in real property, of
inheritance (in fee simple or fee tail) or for life ; tenure
by which such estate is held. — FTMlufld'or, n.
Frte'ly, adv. [AS. frediice.'] In a free manner ; with-
out restraint or compulsion ; abundantly ; gratuitously.
Srn. — Independently ; voluntarily ; unobstructedly ;
readily ; liberally ; largely ; copiously ; plentifully.
FrM'illtll (-man), n. [AS. fredman ; freS + mann.'\
1. One not subject to the will of another. 2. A member
of a corporation, company, or city, possessing certain
pririleges ; one entitled to vote at elections.
Tni^mt^WOltL (-mi^s'n), n. One of a secret fraternity,
said to have been at first composed of masons or builders
in stone, but now consisting of persons united for social
enjoyment and mutual assistance. — FTM'JIUI'Mn-iy, fi.
Ftm'IMM, n. Freedom ; liberty ; openness ; liberality.
Fne'gtOlie' (-stSn^), n. A stone composed of sand or
grit ; — so called because easily wrought.
Frae'gtOlM', a. Haring the flesh readily separating
from the stone, as in certain peaches.
Tn^thhl^m (-thTiik^Sr), n. One who forms opinions
independently of others' authority ; in religion, one who
forms opinions independently of revelation or of the
church ; an unbeliever. — Fnethlnk'iojr, n. & a.
8]m. - Infidel ; skeptic ; imbeliever. See Iktidb..
Ftm Will (win. 1. A will free from restraint. 2.
Power of moral bemgs to wHI or choose without restraints
of physical or absolute necessity, [tanr ; spontaneous. I
Prao'Wfll' (• wTP ), a. Pertaining to free will ; volun- 1
Fraeid (frez), r. i. & t. [imp. Fson (frSz) ; p. p.
Froxbm (fryx'n) ; p.pr.A vb. n. FRasziNO.] [AS./re<J-
tan; akin to G<>th. friut cold, frost.] 1. To congeal
with cold ; to harden into ice or a like solid body. 2.
To chill. —n. A congealing. [C0//07.] — PrMB'er. n.
FrssalBff point, that degree of a thermometer at which
a fluid begina to freese ; — applied partirularly to water,
whoae freezing point is at 32^ Fahr., QP Centigrade.
fim, recent, 6rb, r^de, f^ Ikzn, ftfbd, fcR>t, oat, oil, oliair, yo, sinsi il2k, ttien, tlUn.
FREIGHT
236
FRIGHTEN
Fmgbt (frit), n. [F. fret, OHO. frVd merit, re-
ward. See Feauoiit.] 1. That with which anythinf is
fraught or laden for tranaportation ; cargo. 2. rayment
Un carriage of gooda. 3. Freight transportatiou. ^ a.
Employed in transportation of freight. ^ v. /. To load
(a ahip or Tehicle) with gooda, for tranaportaticm.
Fnudirac* (-AJ ; 2), %. 1. Charge for transporta-
tion. 2. Transportation of freight. 3. Freight ; cargo.
Frelfllt'er, n. 1. One who loads a ship. 2. One
employed in forwarding freight. 3. One for whom
freight is transported. 4. A Teasel used to carry freight.
Fionoll (frSnch), a. [AS. frtneiK^ LL. frandseuty It.
L. Francu* a Fnmk.] Pertaining to France or its in>
habitants, ^n. 1. The language spoken in France. 2.
CoUectivelv, the people of France.
Preach eaalk, a variety of granular talc ; — used for
drawing lines on cloth, etc — Frsoeli bom, a metaJJio
wind instrument, consist-
ins of a long tube twisted
into circuhur folds and
gradually expanding from
the mouthpiece to the end
at which the sound issues ;
— called in France cor de
cAoMe. — Frsneh Isavs, an
informal or secret depart-
ure ; the leaving a place
without paying one*a Frrneh Horn,
debt a. — nanch reel; a
modified form of mansard roof having a nearly flat deck
for the upper slope.
FruiOiniUUl, n. A native of France.
rn-nHito (fr«-n8tnrk), Fra-iMtlo-al, a. Frantic.
Pwn'iF (-xy), n. [OE. /rtne*i€y L. phreneHs^ fr.
Or. ^pitmivki for ^«vir(« disease of the mind, fr. ^pi^
mind. Cf. FBAimc.] Violent mental atritation ; rage.
Syn. — Lunacy ; madness ; delirium. See iMSAmrr.
Fre'qiient (frS'kwmt), a. [L. frequens, -entis."]
1. Often to be met with ; happening at short intervals.
2. Habitual; persistent. — nVqUMl-oy, n.
Fre^lMBt' (f r«-kw8ntO, v- t, [L. frequeniareA To
visit often or habitually. — Fr»-aa«llt'er, n. —rnf-
qjOmAaftUm (frS'kwSn-a'shlin), n.
Fr0-«ll0llf a-tlv» (frl-kw8nt'4-tTv). o. Denoting fre-
quent repetition of an action. — n. A f reanentati ve verb.
Fre'qilMlMy (frSncwent-lj^), adv. At frequent or
•hort intervals ; often ; repeatedly ; commonly.
FTM'OO (frSsOtft), n. ; pi. FKisoon or Frboos (-kSi).
[It, fr. Jre*co fresh.] (a) A painting (m freshly spread
plaster, before it dries, (ft) Any paint^ on plaster. {In-
eorreef] ^ v. t. To paint in fresco.
rrMh (friSsh), a. [AS. ferte ; akin to O. friteh.} 1.
New and strong ; unimpaired. 2. Original ; additlonaL
3. Lately produced or prepared for market ; not stale ;
not dried or preserved ; occurring again ; repeated ; lately
come or made public. 4. Youthful ; florid. 6. In a raw,
green, or untried state ; unpracticed. 6. Renewed in
vigor; rather strong; cool or brisk. 7. Not salt. ^n.
1. A stream or spring of fresh water. 2. The mingling
of fresh water with salt in rivers or bavs.
Syn. — Sound ; recent ; unfaded ; ruddy; sweet ; good ;
inexperienced ; unused ; vigorous ; strong.
Frash'tn (frfish^'n), r. /. 1. To make fresh ; to sep-
arate (water^ from saline ingredients. 2. To relieve
(a rope) by change of place where friction wears it ; to
renew (material used to prevent cluiflng). ^ r. i. 1. To
grow fresh ; to lose saltnnss. 2. To grow brisk or strong.
Pfl«ll'«t (-«t), n. [OE./rMrAf flood-f-«/.] A flood
or overflowing of a stream : sudden inundAtion.
FrMhly, odr. In a fresh manner ; vigorously ; newly.
Fresll'llUUI, n. A novice ; a student during his flrst
year in a college or university.
FrathllMS, n. state of being fresh.
Pr«lll'-wa'ter (-wft'tSr), o. l. Pertaining to, or living
in, water not salt. 2. Accustomed to sail on fresh water
Mily ; unddlled as a seaman.
FM (fiCt), V. U [k&.fretan ; praf . for -f- elan to eat.]
1. To wear away by fricti(m ; to chafe; to gna^. 2. To
impair. 3. To agitate or disturb ; to irritate ; to vex. »
v.u 1. To fray. 2. To eat in by corrosion. 3. To be
agitated ; to rankle. 4. To be chafed or peevlah.-»ii.
1. Agitation; irritation. 2. Herpea; tetter.
Fnit, V. I. [AS. JrtUwan^ JrtUwian ; akin U>/rmhP9
ornaments.] To ornament
with raised work ; to di versi^.
— n. 1. Ornamental work in
relief, as carving or embossing.
2. An architectural ornament .
aUnnlJCl
consisting of flUets intersect- Greek Ttti.
ingeach other.
Frat, n. [F. /rette a saitire, also a hoop, ferrule, prol».
dim. of L. ferrum iron.1 A short wire across the finger
board of a guitar, etc., sbowhag where to place the finger.
— e.^ To f umiah with f reta.
nvlflll, a. Diapoeed to fret; in a state of Taxation.
~ FNttnl-ly, adv. — Frtttol-MM, f».
Brn.~FsKrrDL; PnnsH; Cboss: ill-bumoced; ill-
natured; irritable j^captioua; petulant; splenetic; pas-
sionate : angry. — These words ail indicate an unaxniable
exprcMwion of temper. Peevish marka the inward vfitit.
Fretful marks a complaining impatience. Crouneu is
peevishness mingled with vexation or anger.
TtmrmmlL' (f rSt'wflrkO, n. Work adorned with frets ;
ornamental work in relief ; pUy of light and shade.
Frra-U* (frTi-bU), a. [L./riabaity U./riart to rub.]
EasUy crumbled. — FM'A-lde-MM, Flfa-blll-tT, n.
Frrar (•&•), n. {r./rht brother, friar, fr. l*. f rater
brother.] 1. A brother of a Roman CathoUo religions
order. 2. A pale patch <m a printed page.
ra^ar-T, n. A monastenr ; convent of friars.
Fllbnttt (f rIVbM), a. [F. /nro/e, L. /riro/w.] Friv-
olous ; silly. ~n. A fop. ^v.i. To act foolishly.
Flto'a»-l«e'(frTk'as^«0»». iV.JrieauU.it.JHeat'
»er to fry.] A hash of fowls, veal, or other meat, stewed
in agravv. ^r. /. To dreaslike a fricassee.
FnotUll, n. [L. /rietiOj f r. frieare, fridntn, to rub.]
1. A rubbing one body against another ; attriiiim. 2.
The mechanical resistance which a body meets with from
the surface on which it movea. 3. A clashing between
persons or parties in opinions or work. — FrlO'tkMI-Al, «.
Frl'day (f nMt ; 2), n. [AS. frigedmg ; /rigu love +
dmg day.j The sixth day of the week.
Filed (frfd), imp. &p.p. of Fey.
Frtend (frfod), n. [AS. fre&nd, prop. p. pr. fAfre&n.
freSgan, to love ; akin to O. freund.} X One attached
to another by esteem, respect, and affection ; a well-
wi^er ; intimate associate. 2. One not hostile ; one of
the same nation, party, kin, etc 3. A promoter. 4.
Cne of the religious sect popularly called Quakers. —
FrtoodaeM, a. — Frtonday, a. — Flteodll-iMM, n.
Syn. — Kind ; conciliatory ; favorable. See Amicablb.
Frlmid'tblp, n. The being friends ; amity.
FlteM (frSz), n. [Perh. same as /riete doth.] (a)
That part of the entablature of an architectural order
between the architrave and cornice. (6) An ornamented
band in a building or rich piece of furniture.
FitoM (frSz or frii), n. [F. frite^ perh. orig., woolen
cloth from Friesland (F. Prise).'] Coarse woolen cloth,
with shaggy nap on one side. ^ v. t. To f rix.
Frlc'AtO (frTctt ; 2), n. [F. /rjgate,li./regaSa, prob.
contr. fr. L. fabricata something built.1 Orig.,
of the Mediterranean propelled by aaiis and by oara.
Later, a war veasel intermediate between a corvette and
ship of the line.
Pllfllt(frit),ii. [hA.fyrhto,fyrhtu.^ 1. Sudden and
violent fear; a sudHnn alarm. 2. Anything strange,
ugly, or shocking. {Colloq.']
Syn. — Alarm ; terror ; consternation. Bee Alaxm.
— r. t, [AS. fyrhiftn.] To alarm soddenlv ; to soai
Sjn. — To affright; dismay; daunt; intimidate.
rnchf en (frit7*n), v. t. To aUrm ; to terrify.
ft, 8, 1, 5, II, long ; A, «, 1, 5, A, t. Bkort ; aeiaUek «T«it, tdM, llbey, linite, o4re, l&rm, Aak, tilt fliMd*
FRIGHTFUL
237
FROUZY
FUgfettnl (Mt/fvl), a. Exciting fright .
Syn. — Fbiohttul ; Dhbadful ; Awful ; terriole ^
alarming ; fearful ; terrific : liorrid ; horrible ; •hoddne.
— These words all express fear. In Jrigfttful^ it is a sud-
den emotion ; in dreadful^ it is deeper and more pro-
longed ; in av/ul^ the fear is mingled with awe, which
■ubdues ns before the presence of some invisible power.
niria (Myxd), a.
lold.] l.Cold;oflo , _ „
in manner; ^iff and fonoaL 3. Impotent. — Frtg'-
[L. /riifidiu, f r. /rigere to be
; of low temperature. 2. Forbiddinff
, and formaL 3. Impotent. — Prlf'-
Id-lT. adv, -Filf Id-naw. Fil-gldl-ty (fri-jidT-ty), ».
rns'O-rlflO (f rlg'^-rlfaic), » o. [L. /HgoHJlctu ; fri-
FXlg'0-riil0-al (-I-kal), ) gu*^ JrigorU, cold +
facere to make.] Causing or generating cold.
Pllll (frll), r. i, [OF. frUler, It. L. frigidulut some-
what cold, dim. of fngidus cold.] 1. To shiver as with
cold. 2. To wrinkle. — v. t. To decorate with frills. —
». 1. (a) A ruffling of a bird's feathers from cold. (6) A
rufBe (of a membrane, hairs, or feathers) around the neck
or legs of an animal. 2. A border fluted or crimped.
Fltllge (frTnj), n. [OF. ; prob. fr. Ij. fimbria thread.]
1. A trimming consisting of proiecting ends, of looae
threads of wool, silk, or Imen, strips of leather, etc 2.
A line of objects along a border or edge ; a margin ; con-
fine. ^ V. t. To adorn the edge of with a fringe.
Fltef^.y (frIp'pCr.y), n. [F. fHperie, It. fnptr to
wasteT] Secondhand finery ; tawdry decoration.
li TnfBmB' {frPiZr'), n. [F.] A hairdresser.
Frisk (frisk), n. [OF. /Hsque.} A froUc; playful
skip or leap. » v. i. To leap, skip, or gambol, hi gayety.
— Filik'j, a. — mik'l-ly, adv. — Frt8k1-noM, n.
Prtt (frit), n, [F. frUte, fr. /rire to fry.] 1. Material
of which glass Is made, after having been calcined in a
f nmace, but before vitrification. 2. Ifaterial for glaze
of pottery. ^ v. t. To fuse partially.
FeJUOi (frith), n. [OE. firth, lcA,/fdrSr ; akin to E.
ford.'X A narrow arm of the sea ; an estuary.
Plllt«(frlt't8r), n. [F./r</Mrw,fr./Hrc tofry.] 1.
Batter, fried in boiling lard or in a frying pan. 2. A frag-
ment ; shred. ^ v. t. 1. To cut (meat) into small pieces,
for frying. 2. To break into fragments.
To IHtlsr away, to dimhiish ; to waste i^ecemeaL
Frl¥'0-10IUl(frIv'«-lfis),a. [L./rt>o/tM.] 1. Of little
importance ; not worth notice. 2. Given to levity ; silly.
— rxlT^o-loiiB-iMM, Prl-voH-ty (fri-vMi-ty), n.
Syn. — Trifiing ; trivial : slight ; petty ; worthless.
niS (frls), V, t. [F./rUerA 1. To curt (hair) with
A crisping pin ; to crisp. 2. To form into little burs,
knobs, or tufts. 3. To soften and even (leather) by rub-
bing with pumice stone, etc. ^n. Anything crisped or
cnrled, as a wig. [Written also/rtsz.]
Frll^t (f rfx's'l), r. /. & n. Frix. - lils'dMr, n. —
FrtB^T, Flll^, a.
Fro 0^9), adv, [Icel. /ra.l From ; away ; back-
ward ; — used in opp. to to, in the phrase to and fro,
Frook (fr5k]), n. [F. /roc a monk's cowl, coat, fr. L.
fioeetu flock of wool.] 1. A loose outer garment ; gown ;
smock frock. 2. Coarse gown worn by monks or friars,
having a hood, and girded by a cord. ^ v. t. 1. To
clothe in a frock. 2. To make a monk of .
Froek ooat, a body coat _^ ^
for men, with skirts ^-./^^s.
sewed on so as to be ^'^^ ^sv^
somewhat full. — Baock
firock. a laborer's frock
or shirt, worn over other
clothes.
Frof (frBg), «. [AS.
/togga^frocga.} 1. An ;
amphibious four-footed j
animal of many species,
able to swim rapidly,
and leap on land. 2.
Triangular prominence
of the hoof, in the sole
Spotted Frog i/iana AoZecma).
Railroad Frotf.
of the foot of horses and like animals. 3. A croaaiog
plate in a railroad track,
to guide the wheels where
one track branches from
another or crosses it. 4.
[Cf. L. floecuM, E. froek.1
Oblong cloak button, fa»>
tening into a loop instead
of a button hole. 6. Loop of the scabbard of a bavonet
or sword. — v. t. To ornament (a coat, etc.) with frogs.
FrollO (fr51tk), o. [D. vroolHk.) Full of levity.
— n. 1. A wild prank; gayety. 2. A merrymaking. —
V. i. To pUy tricks ; to sport — FrolllHMIIIM (-sflm), a.
— FrollO-MOM-DOM, n. [ud of. I
(fr5m),prcp. [AS.] Out of ; because of ; by |
i (f rBnd), n. [L. fronsy frondU, foliage.] Organ
formed by combination of stem and leaf in
some plants, often bearing the fructification.
Fron-^lM'oeiUM (frSn-dfis'sens), n. {a)
Time when each species of pUnts unfolds its
leaves. (6) A bursthigintoleaf. ^londs.!
From-dtt'er-OIIS (-dlfSr-tts), a. Bearing!
Fnn-dOM' (-dCs'), a. (fl) Frond bearing ;
resembling a frond. (6) Leafy.
Front (frttnt), n. [F., forehead, L. /rww,
frontU, front.] 1. Forehead or brow ; the *
face. 2. Personal presence; seeming. 3.
Part directed forward ; van ; — opp. to back Frond of a
or rear. 4. A front piece of false hair. — a. ^JSiiSr
In or relating to the forward part ; foremost. "^
— r. ^ 1. To oppose face to face; to meet 2. To
confront 3. To stand oppodte to. 4. To adorn in
front ; to supply a front to. —v. t. To turn the face or
front in any direction.
Frontpage (-tj), n. Front part ; extent of front
Fron^ (frSn'tal), a. Belonging to the front part.
— n. 1. Frontlet 2. A little pediment over a door or
window. 3. A frontal bone of the cranium.
Fnn'ttor (-tSr), n. That part of a country facing an-
other country or an unsettled regi<m ; border or extreme
part. ^ /I. 1. Lyinic on the exterior part; bordering;
contermiuous. 2. Relating to a frontier.
Frontilhldeoe (-tIs-pS«), n. [LL. /rontupidum^ fr.
L. froM 4- tpicere to view.] Part which first meets the
eye ; Ulustration fronting the first page of a book.
Frontlet (frttnfiet), n. [OF. frontelet brow band.]
1. A frontal or brow band ; fillet worn on the forehead.
2. Margin of a bird's head, behind the bill.
Frost (frJJst), n. [AS., fr. fredsan to freeze.] 1. A
freezing; cong^ation of fluid. 2. Temperature which
freezes water; severe cold. 3. Frozen dew ;— called
also hoarfroMt or whUe froat. — v. t. 1. To freeze. 2. To
cover with hoarfrost ; to produce a frostlike surface on
(cake, metal, ghias, etc.). 3. To sharpen (nails in horse-
shoes).
FrOBftlite' (frOstn>it'), n. The freezing of some part
of the body. — v. t. To blight or nip with frost.
TifMffUh' (-fIshOt n. (a) The tomcod, found on the
New England coast at the commencement of front. (6)
The smelt. {,17. SA (c) The New Zeahmd scabbard fish.
Frosti-ly (-t-iy), adv. In a frosty manner.
Frostl-nasSt n. state or quality of being frosty.
Frosting, n. 1. A composition of suRar and beaten
egg, to ornament cake, pudding, etc. 2. A lusterless
finish of metal or glass ; the producing such a finish.
Prortf (-y), a. 1. Attended with, or producing, frost ;
freezing. 2. Covered with frost 3. Chill. 4. Gray-haired.
FrottI (f r5th), n. [Icel. froSa ; akin to A S. a/reoSan
to f roth.Y 1. Bubbles collected on liquids ; foam ;
spume. 2. Empty show. ^ v. t. & i. To foam. —
mOtfj, a. — Fntlil-ly, adv. — Frothl-noM, n.
Frou^»y (frou'zy), a. [Prov. E., froward, offensive to
eye or smell ; f roust musty smell.] Fetid ; rank ; offen-
sive to smell or sight ; slovenly.
fSm, reo«nt, 6rb, r^de, f yllt <^ni, food, f «R>t, oat, oil, chair, go, sing, iQk, tben, tliin.
FROW
238
FULMINATION
Flow (frou), A. [D. rrotiir.] A woman ; Mp., a Dutch
or Oenuan \ Ionian.
ftcKward (frO'wSrd), a. [Fro + -iMird.] Pttnreraa ;
diM>b0dieut. — m^WtoA-lYf adv. — Fro^v«rd-MM, n,
Srn.— Untoward ; obrtinate ; croaa. See PiBTaaas.
rtvwn (froon), V. i, lOF. froiffnier.] 1. To contract
the brow in displeaaure, aeverity, or atemueaa ; to aoowL
2. To look threateningly; to lower. — v. /. To rebuke
wiUi a look. ^n. A aour or atern look ; aoowL
fmw (frou'gj^), a. [See Fbocst.] Blovenly.
I (fr9s), imp. of Fkusb. rject to soTere cold. I
Ml (fryz'n), a. 1. Congealed with cold. 2. Sub- 1
Frao-tlf'or-aiUI (f rfik-tTf^r-fia), a. [L./rueli/er ; /rue-
/tw fruit +/p''^ to bear.] BtMUing fruit.
Fmo'tt-ftcatlOll (frfikal-n-kyahttn), n. 1. A pro-
ducing fruit ; a fructifying, or rendering productiTe ;
fecundation. 2. The collectiTe organs by which a plant
produces fruit, aeeda, or reproductiTe spore*.
Pniom-fF(-fi),r.C Ih. /ructificare,iT./ruetuM.-\ To
bear fruit. — v. i. To make fruitful ; to fertilise.
Prn'ial (fm'gal), a. [L. /rugalU, it. frugi, lit., for
fruit ; hence, useful, dative of frux^ frugiM^ fruit.] 1.
Economical in the use of resources ; sparing. 2. Ob-
tained by economy. — Frn'fal-lj, adr.
Fru-fall-ty (frv-gU'T-t^), Fra'gal-MM, n. The
being frugal ; thrift ; — opp. to extravagance.
Syn. — Economy ; parmmony. See Eooiroinr.
FTtt-glfer-OilS (-JlfJr-tts), a. [L. frugifer ; fntx^
fmgi* ■\-ferre to bMr.l Fruitful ; fructiferous.
" B-f^O-Ioai (-JTv^ft-rfis), a, [L. frux, frugit -f
"0 to devour.] Feedhig on fruit, as birds, etc.
Bit (f njt), n. [F. , f r. L fructus fruit, fr. /ruU frue-
ttUf to enjoy. J 1. Anything produced for nourishment
of man or animals by vegetable growth. 2. Pulpy, edible
seed vessels of certain plants. 3. Ripened ovary of a
flowering plant. 4. Spore cases of flowerless plants. 6.
Produce of animals; offspring. 6. That which is pro-
djjCT^l ^ pnirftui-t or nrlf. t. — f. i. To b«>Br fruit,
Fmlt tr*i, a trei> mi)i iv4tt-il for it« tfdible fruit- Hmall
a^Jfeit riirraiit*» Iw^rrti-Ji, oU,
PrtLlt'af « f trul^t j i 1) . fl . Pn M t\ cdll^iti vpI y .
Fmlt'er-OT [-Sr^rj, n. ; Ftntt'er-efti, n. /, Om^ *ho
cirfiik in (tiiit. [9< A TniHVidUiTy for Imlt.
Frnirer'T (-J), «. 1. Fruit, eoneptkHy ; rrufctA«e.|
Fnilt^t fi. Foil of fniU i protliiring fridt ; shon-
dantl> ; t^i'jirJiiii rraulU : prDlllVi:. — Fnill'fnl-1.T. f^'f.
Byn. - frollfir ; plr^ntiful -, abiiinJiiiit. SHf» FartTrLB.
1^ I'liWJ i ftV-Tftb'5ii ). H. [OF. 5 L, /r«Win, fr. /rut.}
FmltleMifint'l^iiM^ 1^ LicKSndfntit : ban^ii, 2.
VniTiiMo^i-*^-- FroltleM ly,"''' . -rnilt1ea»-™w«,n.
Fra men t*'oeciiM { i rwUn^uA »'« ji fl « )» i. 1. L. fm tu en-
tncrus, ir. p-nm^Htmn grain ] Miitft of, iir ntseiublEag,
«t b»*l w uliier fft&ln.
Tra^mmrtf (fn»'ui«n-t»), «. [OF. fromenth^ fr. L.
/rumentum.'\ Wheat boiled in milk, with plum;*, etc.
Pniill (frfiflh\ tf. [F. /roi#j<r to bruise.] Brittle.
Fmill, n. [Cf. O. froneh.l 1. Frog of a horse's foot
2. Discharge of fetid matter from a horse's frog.
FrOS'tnitO (-trtt), a. [L. /ni»lran\ -trntn*^ fr./rrw-
tra in vain.] Vain ; null ; void ; of no «flf<»ot. ^ (-trat), r. /.
1. To brinv to nothing ; to baffle. 2. To render invalid
or of no Affect. — Fms-tntiOIl, n.
Syn. To balk : thwart;
foil : bftfflo ; defpAt.
II FrUMtlUll (-tfim), n. ;
pf. L. Frusta (-t&), K.
FaosTUMs (-tOros). [L.,
piftce, bit. ] The part of a
solid next the base, formfd
by cutting off the top ;
part of any solid (cone, rrustum..
pyramid, etc.) between
two planes, either parallel or inclined to each other.
Frj (frl), fi. [OB., seed, desoendacU; cf. OF. /rvyv
spawn of flahes.] 1. The young of any fi&h. 2. A swarm
or CTOwd ; yoiuig or small things hi general.
Frj, V. i. [F. frirt, fr. L. frigerc to fry, cf. Or.
^fN^ir.] To cook hi a pan over a Are. — «. <. 1. To
undergo the action of heat in a frying pan, on a griddle,
or in a kettle of hot fat. 2. To ferment, foam, or dia>
solve with heat. — n. A dish of uiything fried.
FrytBff pan, a long-handled pan for frying food.
Fnolt'll^ (f u'shT-A or fu'shi), n. [NL., from Leooaid
Fuch*^ a Oerman botanist.] A genus of flowering |dants
of Mexico and South America.
FU'G^ld ['U^.iliii, tt. {furuM -+. ^>^.r. ] {/Eji Bel.:iugiiu[
to 'in oFiler of i^ti^i' iui'tudi]i|£ tbe rr^ckwVKds and iriilf'
we- 't {If} Like seaweMft. — n. A sfi&wi^^
Fu'ctlt i-kfl*). h . pi. Fpci ('fT). [LI BdckWMd.
Fnd'die (iil*J'd*IJ, r. i. [P^rh. a Jiia, of J»tL} T*
mak I [ . H iij *li hy drink. —v.L To ^rliik to ei^oeta.
FudgA imjl, n. [Cf. ProT. F. /nchf^ int*i|. of lym-
ten 1 1 »M ^*» f'^i p *lory ; humbug. — 1\ L To fahricate.
rn'el HH'Pl), n. I1.L. /octiiium^ fjieclt, fr* L. foau
Anything whiR}i F^edn fir*,
ifli), a. [It, /nffuj^ -fffiiriif It./v-
'' fty ;Wltn|(bnt afthort
I, n. m
^, tiro.]
, (ft Wit
flr>'j[ilAif , lib LL.
FU ga'clOtiB {It-^i^
pernio liee.] yi>iri|if,ordi£poiii«4i{i
ti»ir ~ Fti-f »'cloiu-Q««i, rn-nol't; ( sl^-tt J* n.
Fti'flU« (fu'jMT^). -V fOic. Jt K fhi^inC fr. L-
fv^jif ''''*•*, ir. fffifff*-\ 1. Fli-einu from juatwiEt. dajj-
Sr, rfAtr^JiDt* rtn , 2- Not IikkI ; not dnrsiblF i hiibl# Uy
Ifl. ^n. 1. Oxw who flees from plinult, Bcrricv, duty,
etc. ; a deserter. 2. Something hard to be caught or
detained. — Fil'gi-tlT»-lT. adv. — Fil'gi.tlT»-IIMi, b.
Syn. — Fleeting ; unstisble ; volatile ; evanescent.
Fll'gl*-IIUUI (fu'gn-mln), n. [O. JlUgetmann file
leader ; JIUgel wing -j- mann man.] A well drilled sol-
dier in front of a company, as a guide for the others.
FngV* (fug), ft. [F., fr. It. fuga, fr. L. fuga flight,
fugere to flee.1 Repetition of parts in music.
rnl'oram (nUOcrom), n. ; pi. L. -csa (-kri), E. -cbuhs
(-krfimx). [L., bedpost, fr. /ulcire to prop.] 1. A prop
or support. 2. That by which a lever is sustained.
Pnltni' ffTTTfT!'^, r /. [AS. /uifyllan ; ftd fuH -|-
/j ' ■:•' !llL in i4< itnnpuah (an intention, promise,
pn^Kir Hi. (ir.bvi^r, n-ijiiirement, etc.) ; to brins to pass.
- FtlJ aU'meim . f' , [ i¥ritten also fulfilment^
Fnl'gent ifiril>.,r,, a, [L. ftJgem.Ji Exquisitely
bright ; nhiiimti . ^^ < .<iig; eflFulgent. — rnl'gUI-CFt •••
FnU (r^lL ' ''i & AS. /ul; akin to O. ro/l, L.
ptmnji. Cf, CoBii I li I "ill, Plbktt.] 1. Pilled up : stn>-
pllrd : not empty ur v;icant. 2. Abundantly provided;
aii>|il''. 3. ComrilF(<< , entire. 4. Sated; siirieited. 5.
AbiiiiHHTd in any matt'-r and excited by it. — n. Gom-
ph^te measure ; higbf^nt degree. — adv. Quite ; entirel|y.
^ r. i. To become fully illuminated, as the moon.
Pull, r. /. & i. [OV.fuler, fouler, LL. fullare, fr. L.
fhllo cloth fuller, cf. AS. /uUere a fuller.] To thicken
(cloth) by moistening, heating, and preaslng ; to scour,
cleanse, and thicken in a mill.
FllU'er, fi. One who fulls cloth.
Fttllsr's sarth, clay used in scouring cloth.
Foll'er, n. A blacksmith's die ; a set hammur for
spreading iron. — r. /. To groove (metal work).
Foll'er-y (-V), n. Works where cloth is fulled.
FaU'lMW, n. The being full. [Written also /WaeM.]
Fully, adr. In a full manner or degree ; completely.
Syn. —Entirely: maturely: abundantly: largely;
amply : sufficiently ; clearly ; distinctly ; perfectly.
Fnl'ml-IIAtt (fni'mTnat), v. i. & t. [L. /ulminorey
-nntum^ {r./ulmen thunderbolt.] 1. To thunder ; to
detonate. 2. To i isue (decrees) with assumption of su-
preme authority ; to thunder forth (menaces), ^n. (a) A
salt of fulminio acid. (6) A fulminating powder.
Fullnl-lia'tlllC (-ni^tTntr), a. 1. Thundering; ex-
ploding violently. 2. Hurling denunciations or censures.
Flll'llli-liatiOll, n. 1. A fulminating or exploding;
ft, 9, 1, 5, a, long i A, «, 1, 5, A, tt abort; aanlUe, «v«it, tdM, 6bey, ftnite, cAre, iinn, Aak, «I1, fliMd.
FULMINIC
239
FURY
2. A thuwliiring forth thnato or cmnires.
Fulmlaia (fiit luTiL^lki. >r Pert, to f uhniiiatioD ;
detdimtifiir ; pert, ta, or tl^Tivi-Ml fn^m, an acid ao oaUod.
rul'iOZEM t-J^Quu). '1^ [Fk^/. li. I' •«Ofn«.] Diagnadng
by oTEii ulli>i'*i ; frrOM, — Fttl'HUIld-BMIt ».
Fol'^init ( vaj)t 1. [L./uh'i^4.] Tawnv ; dull jellow.
rnm^Q (flli»n>'l)^ v. L [aw a to I). fommeien to
fumble, AH. /o^jfi palm oi lb» hand.] 1. To feel about.
S. To Hfk ii^]£W4rd1v^ 3. T(} ItAudle much; to turn
over and o*«t. — FcUD^lnr. «■ - Plimllllag-ly, adv.
Fnim^futn),*!. [L.Jfitfiaf.l L 8mok« ; yapor ; r«ek.
2. Rni^eOT txcitemeut 3. Auytltiogunaubatantial; idle
ctof^bceft. — r.tAi. To MUQke ; to Tapor ; to rage.
rn'mlriml* (tu'mlt^mVu i- ' [L./umigare^ -gatumj
tJ. fu mii*A To I'XfjoM to amrjNiN to dlainfect by UM of
vaiHUTA — Fa'mi'Sa''tlDnr »- — Fu'mi-n'tor* n.
Fom^oiu (HiTji'n'^i, Ftud r {^f). a. Producing fumea.
Pim (fBa>H n. [Cf. Gnel. fonn fJeaaure.] Sport.
FOBOlfcui (iDnk'iliauK h. [L. /unctio, fr. funai to
p«Tfoniu} L An «ii^eiiutii; any duty, office, or calflng ;
perf on&aBce. 3. .^ppropi .^ita iirtion of a physical organ
or of any faculty of the sduI or intellect. 3. Goune of
actioQ pertaining t4> ajjy ]fubtr^ rffflt .ir, buaineaa, or prof ea-
aion. 4. A lu^LtieumiiCid quantity ao connected with
another quantity, that an alteration made in the latter
canaea a oonaeqnent alteration in the former. Each quan-
tity ia mfunetiom of the other. — FUM^tlOO-Ai, a.
FUBOllOB-ft-iy (-^rfj, n. One charged with the per-
forming a function or office.
FUM (
1 (fttnd), n, iOV. font, fond, fr. Jm fundus bot-
tom, foundation. See Foumd to ettabaah.1 1. A atook
or capitaL 2. of. Stock of a national debt ; eridenoea
(atocka or bdnda) of money lent to gOTemment, and draw-
bag intereat. 3. An iuTeated aum, whoee income ia de-
TOtadtoa8pecifloobJect.~v. I. 1. Toprorideafundfor
myfaig the intereat of, or diacharging the principal of. 2.
To place (money) in a fund. 3. To put (a floating debt)
into intereat-bearing atocka or bonds. — Fimd'A-lMt a.
■^klBff ftmd, the amregate of auma of money set apart
to extinguish a debt by accumulation of intereat.
Bt (ffc/dA-mOTt), ». [OF. fundemerU, L.
fUndamenium foundation, fr. Jundare to found.] Part of
th«» body on which one sits ; buttocks ; the anua.
Pvil'aA-lBfl&tal (•mSn'tal), a. pertaining to the foun-
dation or baals ; essential ; elementary. — ». A primarr
prindple, rule, law, or article, forming the groundwork
of a system ; esMutial part. — Fu'dA-IBMl'Ul-lT, adv.
0 FVB'dlUI (fttn'dOs), n. [L., bottom.] The baae of
any hollow bodily organ, aa of the bladder or the eye.
rotttti-9l (fu^nir^l), n. [L. /unfw, funerxM.'^ 1. The
ritea used in disposing of » dead human body. 2. A
prooeasion attending the burial of the dead. ^ a. Per-
taining to a funeral ; uaed at the interment of the dead.
Twaiftf%^ (f t-nS^rt-al), a. Suiting a funeral ; per-
taining to burial ; aolemn ; diamal ; mournful.
FVB'gi (fttn'jf), n.^pl. of FuHOUB.
Fui-gtV'O-nrafl (-jnr^-rfis), a. [L. fungut 4- vorare
to deronr.] Eating fungi ; — said of insects and snails.
FVB'gaiii (fttg'i^), a. 1. Of the nature or appear-
ance of a f ungua ; spongy. 2. Growing suddenly, but not
aabatantiaL — Pu-ffoi^tT irgWl-Xf), n.
FVB'gllS (fttfi^gfls), fi. [I^, muahroom.] 1. Anyone
of a class of planta including mushrooms, toadstoola, pulf-
balla. and the microecopio forma known aa rust, smut,
mola, mildew, etc 2. A spongy, morbid growth or granu-
lation in animal bodiea, aa the proud flesh of wounds.
Fv^-tilt (fu'nT-kn), n. [L. funiculus, dim. of funU
cord, rope.] A small cord or flber in a plant.
Fn-Dlo^Ur (ffl-nTk'tt-ISr), Fa'Dlo, a. 1. Gonaisting
of a flber. 2. Dependent on the tenaion of a cord.
Fuk (fflnk), n. [OE. f^tnke a little fire ; akin to
0./imJfc»spafk.l A stench. [Lou>]^v.i. 1. To stink. 2.
To be frightened, and aLrink back ; to flinch. [CoUoq.^
TvmfnA{Vb^tXi),n. ilj.fiindandum,M^tndamlwm^
funnel, f r. i^fundere to pour in ; in in -f fundert to
poor.] 1. A Teaael ahaped like an iuTerted hollow cone,
for GonTeying liquids into a cloae veaael ; a tunneL 2.
A paaaage for a (lowing substance ; a smoke flue.
rwi'ay (-ny), a. DroU ; laughable ; oomicaL
r«BBy bona, the crasy bone.
Put (fflr), n. [OF. /orre, fuerrt, sheath, case.] 1.
The abort, fine, soft hair of certain animals. 2. Skins of
animals with the fur ; peltry. 3. fl. Articles of clothing
m:u1e r>\ fqr^ 4. A coating reaemtling fur. —a. Per-
tuiiiDg to furs; lwa.rjiiir or jiuido ^f fur. — r. /. 1. To
Lri*'. f*«* OT cov«.r with fur. A To tiail stripe of board
otj Cn wall) to make a Uival surface for lathing, or to pro-
V":X aLfFiiia#t d^mp.
FurlM-low f'Qr'bC-Iil), n. A pUtted flounce on a
irooiwJ IS j^mniit'ilt. ^F, I. To oritillCK'Ut.
Fn rlilalK, -bl Ah), T . /. [OF. . f^/r/r r r. JurbW. fr. OHO.
/i/ ; ^^r ;i to cleuii . 1 To ftcour to bri^ britesa ; to burnish.
Fnr'oate Udr^tt ). 1 a. [L, jnriui fork.] Forked ;
For '&a- tod ( kMM)* f tfranctiini;. — For-fMLtlOII, n.
I Fur'tttr (-[flr), fi. [L.] icurt ; dandruff.
Fur fu m^CMlu (<ftt rS'^h^b), n. Like bran; scurfy.
F u'rlona f r u'rT- Vx%\ , w. [ L, /^i Wo^ri*, f r. Juria rage.]
1. t>,iii^p.'rt,'il i^ith forv ; viL>li<iit. 3 Ruahing violently.
hyn. — luiyt't uoua ; rthei»t!iit ; uiinl ; frantic ; frenxied.
FBri (fflrl), v. /. [OF. /ante/ a bundle.] To draw into
oloee compass ; to wrap or roll (a sail, close to the yard,
atay, or nuuit, or a flag, around ita staff).
Fni'lODC (fttraSng), n. [AS. furlang length of a fur-
row ; furh furrow -|- lang long.] A meaaure of length ;
l-8th of a mile ; 40 rods.
Flir'lOllldl (-16), n. [Prob. fr. D. verlof, O. verlcntb
permission!] LeaTO of abaence from milituy senrice. —
V. t. To grant leave of absence to (an officer or soldier^
Fnr'liaM (-nfts ; 2), n. [OF. fomaise, L. fomax ; akin
to fumus oven.] Place inclosfaig a hot Are for reducing
ores, melting metala, warming a house, bakingpottery,etc.
Fni'lllsll(-nTsh).v./. [OF./umfr.ll. To equip; to
flt out, or fit uo. 2. To proride ; to afford.
For'kll-tlirei-nT-tttr ; 40), n. 1. That with which any-
thing la fumiahed; supplies; outfit; equipment. 2.
Household goods. 3. Necessary appendages to anything,
as to a machine, carriage, ship, etc
FaiM-«r (fttr'rT-Sr), n. Dealer in fur gooda. [furs. I
Txafli^at'J {'S)*^' 1* Furs in generaL 2. Trade in |
Fnr'klllg (-rTng), n. 1. {a\ The leveling of a surface,
or preparing air space, by stripe of board. See Fur, v. /.,
3. lb) Stripe thua laid on. 2. Double planking of a ship^a
side. 3. A deposit on the inside of a boiler ; also, the
cleaning away this depoait.
Fur^row Tffir'ri^), n. [AS. furhJ] 1. Trench made
a plow. 2. A groove ; wrinkle on the face. — r. /. 1.
cut a furrow in ; to plow. 2. To mark with channela
or wrinklea.
TJUty (fflr^rV), a. Covered with, or like, fur.
Fnraier (-ther), adv. [Gomp. of forth ; AS. fitr9or.'\
To a greater distance ; in addition. See Fabthxk. —
a. eompar. [Portfire tcanting; mperl. Fu»th«8T.] 1.
More remote ; farther. 2. Beyond ; additional, ^v. U
To forward ; to assist. — FvtMr-AllM, n.
FnrllMr-mflrf (-mSr^), adv. or eonj. Moreover.
Fortlltr-aUMf (-mSst^), a. Furthest.
FurtllMt (-thSst), a. superl. Most remote ; farthest
— adv. At the greatest distance.
Fur^Te (-tTv), a. [L. furtivuSj fr. furtum theft, fr.
fitr thief.] Stolen ; sly ; stealthy. — Flll^V»*l7, adv.
TnfnXHiU (fu'rfin-KU), n. [L. furuneulu* a petty
thief, a boil, dim. of 7»r.] A boU.
FnTy (fu'ry), ». [L. furin, fr. furert to rage.J 1.
Violent excitement ; overmastering enthusiasm. 2. pi.
The mythological avenging deities ; the Erinyes or Eu-
menides. 3. A turbulent woman ; hag ; vixen ; virago.
8yn. — Wrath ; rage ; madness ; frensy. See Anosa.
ft e
fin, nocnt, teb, rude, fyll, ttm, ftfbd, f«R»t, out, oil, chair, bo, ains, ink, tben, tliin.
FURZE
240 GAILY
I (tt")i n. PAS. fyrt.l A thoniy emgiem
■hrub, with yellow flowerSf oommoD
upon pUiiu and hills in Great Britain ;
gone ; whin. — Tvnfjf a.
FWKOOU (ma^Oa), a. [L. ftueus.}
Brown or jTayiih black ; darkish.
Pom (fus), V. t. Ai, [L. fundere,
/tmim, to pour, melt, oast SeeFouKO,
to cast.] 1. To liquefy by heat; to dis-
solve ; to melt 2. To unite or blend.
•, fi. [For/ttM0,/iutf. See Fu-
sil.] A tube filled with combustible
matter, for igniting a charge of powder,
as in blasting ; — called also fujtee. „
Pn-iaa' (ll-»5'), n. [SeeFuwo..] 1. ^«••
A fuse. 2. A kind of match for lighting a pipe or cigar.
Fq-MO', n. r F. fujiie a spindlef ul, fusee, L. /usus
spindle.] Conical wheel
of a watch, etc., equal-
ixing the power of the
mainspring.
Fll'll-llto(-sT.bn),a.
[F. See Fuse, v.] Ca-
pable of being melted.
Fn'll-tami (-sT-fOrm or -sT-), a. [L. funu spindle -f
■/orm,] Shaped like a spindle ; Upering at each end.
Tn'wH (-sTl), n. [F. ; hU/ocile a steel for kindling
fire.] An obeolete Idnd of flintlock musket
Fn'iU-lldf (.lSd/),n. [F.] A simultaneous discharge
of firearms. — ». /. To shoot in a voUey.
Fa'tton (-xhttn), n, [L. /tmo, fr. fundere^ /tunm, to
pour, melt.1 1. A roelthig or rendering fluid by heat 2.
A state of fluidity from heat. 3. A blending together.
Pom (ftis), n. [AS. Jptan to hasten, fr. Ms ready,
quick.] A tumult ; unnecessary ado about trifles. — r. i.
To be OTerbusy about trifles ; to bustle. — Fmi^, a.
/TuMe.
JBBarrcL
Fnrt (fliat), n. [OF., cask.] A stroog, moaty m
iWttan (ffis'chan : 26), n. [OF. futtaine. It /ns-
tagnOf fr. LL. fuaUmeum^ Ir. Fukity i. e., Cairo, where
it was made.] 1. A coarse twilled stuff, inclndit^ eoido-
roy, TelTeteen, etc 2. Inflated writing ; bombast —a.
1. Made of fustian. 2. Pompous; bombastic
PWi'tlO (-tik), ». rCf.Fumw.] The wood of a West
India tree used in dyeing yeUow. XWritten also/iufoe.]
FUit^ (f iist^), a. Moldy ; musty. — FMI-mm, n,
Fatirt(fu'tTl),a. [L./tt/i/i«easUy pouring out, worth-
less. ] Of no importance ; useless ; Tain. — Fn-tfl'l-ty, ••.
FnttOOk (ffif tiik), %. [Comip. fr. /oothookA One
of the crooked timbers scarfed together to Un
8hip*s compound rib ; transrerse tim-
ber orer the keel.
iron plates securing
the topmast rigging. — Fattock shroads,
short Iron shrouds connecting the top*
mast rigging with the lower mast
FnlmiOS'tflr ; 40). a. [L. futu.
nM,usedasfutp.of e«Mtobe.] That
is to be or come hereafter. ^ n. 1. '
Time to come. 2. Future possibilities. |
3. A future tense, in grammar.
Fatare tsass, the modiflcation of a
jerb which expresMM a future act or ^ ^^^^ ^^^^^^
Fv-tB'M-ty (-tu'rT-ty), n. 1. State of being yet to
c<nne ; future state. 2. Future time. 3. Emit to come.
Pom (fus), fi. A fuse, or tube, filled with combustible
matter, for exploding a shell, etc
Pqsi (ffis), fi. [Cf. D. root apongy, fungous.] Fine,
light particles or flben ; loose, volatile mattw. — «. i
To fly off in minute particles. — Fon^, a.
Fy (n), interj. [Bee Fn.] A word of blame, abhoiw
rence, or contempt
Fyto (fik), n. [D. fuik.^ A hooped bag net wbiob
fish can enter, without being able to return.
G.
Gab (gib), n. Hook on the end of a steam engine'a
eccentric rod opposite the strap.
Oab, n. [Icel. gahb mockenr.] The mouth ; idle prate ;
chatter. [Co/Zo^.]— v. i. To Ulk idly ; to chatter.
OftVar-dine', daVer-dlns' (g«yir-d8n0, n. [Sp.
gabardina."] A coarse frock formerly worn by Jews.
OftbOlle (gKba>'l), V. i. [Freq. of po6.] 1. To talk
fast ; to jabber. 2. To cackle, like fowls.— n. 1. Loud,
idle talk. 2. Inarticulate sounds rapidly uttered.
OaIiI-OII (Ria>T-an), n. [F., fr. It gabbione cage, sa-
bion, fr. L. eavea.'\ 1. A hollow cylinder, to be filled
with earth, for building temporary fortifications. 2.
Opehwork frame, filled with stones and sunk, to form a
bar, dyke, etc., in building under water.
Oftlllo (-b'l), n. [F. ; fr. LL. gnbalum front of a build-
ing.] The vertical triangular end of a building, from
eaves to ridge of roof.
Oabls roof, a double sloping roof
which forms a gable at each end. —
Oabls window, a window in a gable.
Oad (gSd), n. [loeL gaddr
sting.] 1. Point of a spear. 2.
Wedge-shaped metal instrument
used in mining. 3. A goad.
Oad, V. i. [Prob. fr. gad, n..
and orig. meaning, to drive about.]
To go about idly. — Oad'dMT, n.
Oad^A-bOlir (-4-bont/), n. A
gadder. [C0//07.] Osdfly of Ox (Nrrpo-
Chldfiy (-flIO, n. A dipterous dermabovis), tUghtly
faiaect, which infests cattle, horaea, •^Urgwl.
and aheep, and depoaita egga in the aUn where the lanr»
produce sores ; the lx>tfly.
ChMl (riQ), n. ting. &pl, k Celt or the CelU of the
Scotch Highlands or of Ireland : a Scotch Highhuider.
ChMllo (galTk), a. [Gael. Ohidhfolaeh, Oaeiaeh, fr.
Ghidheai, Gael, a Scotch Hiffhlander.] Ftortaining to the
Gael, esp. to Celtic Scottish Highlanders. — R. T<angnage
of the Gael, a branch of Celtic
Gftfl (gftf), n. [F. oaj^e a flsherman*s iron hook.] L
A fisherman's barbed spear. 2. Spar eztendiiw the
upper edge of a fore-and-aft aalL — v. /. To str&e or
secure (fish, etc) with a gaff.
Oaf 1«r (gif '(er), n. [Perh. contr. f r. godfather.^ An
old fellow ; aged rustic [for gamecocks. I
Cktflle(-n),fi. [Cf. AS. peo/f fork.1 Artificial spur |
' " ' r. [Prob. fr.W.ee^ to strangle, fr.e^
stop the mouth of ; to sUence by author-
2. To pry open by a gsff. 3. To canae
to heave with nausea, ^v.i, 1. To retch. 2. To intro*
duce gags or interpolations. \Slang']^n. 1. Something
thrust into the mouth to hinder speaking. 2. A mouth-
ful that makes one retch. 3. A phrase interpolated off-
hand by an actor in his part [Slang\
Oage (gij), n. [F. : LL. gadium^ 1. A pledge or
pawn ; something given as security. 2. A fflove, c^, etc.,
flung down as a challenge to combat ; a defiance, — v. I.
To bind by pledge or security ; to engage.
GmT^ **• ^ variety of plum.
Oan, n. & r. t. Measure. See Oav^
OiFo-ty (Ri'«-ty), n. Garety.
Chdly (gSOy), odr. Gayfy.
CNuf(gfa),r.l. t
mouth.] 1. Tostoi
ity or violence. 2. '
S, S, 1, 5, II, long ; &, «, 1, 5, 0, t» •>»»( ; aeiOU^ drmt, tdM, 6b«y, lliiit^ o4re, l&rm, i«k, §0, llaaL
GAIN
241
GAMBREL
I (gin), n. [Cf. W. gan mortise.] Notch cut out
of a timber, ao as to receive the end of a beam.
Oalll« n. [loeL gagn.} 1. Anything obtained aa In-
crease, profit, or beneUt ; — opp. to lost. 2. The obtain-
ing profit ; acquisition. — v. t. 1. To obtain or acquire.
%. To win in (a battle, lawsuit, etc. ) ; to obtain by com-
petitioo. 3. To win to one's side ; to conciliate. 4. To
reach ; to arrive at. ^ v. i. To reeeiTO profit ; to grow
rich ; to adranoe in interest, health, or happiness.
8711. — To Oaut; Wnr; obtain; acquire; procure;
achleTe. -^ Gain implies only that we get something by
exertion ; trii», tliat we do it in competition with otliers.
GfllBlll (.f9l), a. ProflUble. — 0llll'fal-l7,a</v.
OftiBlan, a. Unprofitable.
OalB'tlT' (f in'si' or gin'saO. v. t. [OS. aaeitueien.
See A«A.iN, and Sat.] To contradict ; to forbid.
OAlr^k (gtr^sh), a. Garish.
Ctait (git), n. [See Oatb.] A going ; walk ; way.
Qaittf (ga'tSr), n. [F. gn^re.} 1. A coTering for
th ) ankle and instep, or for the leg from knee to instep,
fitting down upon the shoe. 2. A shoe covering the aukle.
Oall (gi'lA), n. [P.] Pomp, show, or festivity.
•ala day, a day of mirth and festivity ; holiday.
Qal'MMrJ (gilOUu-j^), n. [Or. yaAa^ia«. 1 1. The belt
of innumerable stars called also the Milky Way. 2. Splen-
did asaemblsge of persons or things.
Q«la (i^l), n. [Cf. Dan. gal furious, AS. galan to sing.]
1. A strong wiuo between a stilt breese and a hurricane.
2. State of excitement or hilarity.
1 0«a»« (galM), n. [L., helmet] Upper lip of a
labiate flower.
Oft1*-«te, \ a. Wearing a helmet ; covered, as with
OftO^A'ttd, f a helmet.
Oft-ICHA (gk-Wnk), n. [L. ; cf. Or.
yoAi^ini lead ore.] Lead sulphide ; the
principal ore of lead. — Oft-ltolo (•lin'-
Tk), Oft-len'io-al, a.
Okll-pOt (gUOr-pSt), n. [F.] Im-
pure redn of turpentine.
Oall (gftl), n. [AS. gealla ; akin to
L. /W, Or. voA^, and prob. to E. yellow.']
1. A bitter, alkaline, viscid fluid found
in the gall bladder, beneath the liver. ^^
a. The gall bladder. 3. Bittemeas ; *^ ■
rancor. 4. Impudence. [Slang] ^
Olll,». IF.galU."} Excrescence pro- n-i— »• rn^^ii.
dnced on a plant by U«ts or their lar- °(*V-*!f SSlm
rm. — p. /. To Impregnate with a decoc- variegatum).
tionof raUnuts.
13^ The gails. or aallnuU, of commerce are produced
ehiedy on an oak of_Westem Asia and
Southern Europe. They contain much
tannin, and are used for making ink
a black dye, as well as in medicine.
Oall, V. t. [F. galer.) 1. To wear ^ r
away by friction ; to chafe. 2. To vex ; ^ ff
to annoy. •• n. Wound in the skin made
by rubbing.
.Chaiant (gUOont), a. [F. aalnnt.]
li Showy; gay; well-dressed. 2. Noble
in bearing or spirit; heroic; magnini-
mons. — Otllant-ly, adv.
f
?l
8jrn.— Oallawt; Coitkaobovs: Bbavi.
-Cot ' ...
Osk OsIU nnd
OsUflyCCw-
ii«i»«). A AdTilt
flv. enlanrwl »
fi Two OnlU :
C Secdon of
Oall.
— Couragfotu is g3neric, denoting nn in-
ward spirit which rises above fear ; brnre
is more outward, marking a spirit which
braves or defies danger; {foltani denotes
bravery on extnordinary occasions in a
spirit of adventure.
Oal-lanr (gSl-IiitOi n. Polite to women ; chivalrous.
— n. 1. A mtm of mettle or spirit; gay, fashionable
man. 2. One att««ntive to ladifi^. 3. A lover; suitor.
— r. t. To utteM (a lady). — 0%l-l«Iltl7, adv.
OllltBt-ry (gWlrtnt-ry), n. 1. Bravery ; intrepidity.
2. Civility to ladien ; in a bvl (v^hma, intrigue.
Syn. — See Coukaob, and Hkboism.
GAll«-an (gUnt-On), n. [Sp. galeon.! A large Bptn-
ish ship of the 15th and following centuries.
OalW-7 i-l^r-f), n. [LL. galeria.} 1. A corridor,
or place for walking ; passage excavated by a boring or
burrowing animal. 2. Room for exhibitine works of art ;
collection of paintings, sculptures, etc. 3. An overhead
platform along the sides of a church, theater, etc., and
supported by brackets or columns. 4. A working drift
or level, in a mine.
Oal'lsy ['If), n. [LL. galea.-} L A vessel propelled
Sr oars, with or without masts and sails. 2. A ship^a
tchen ; caboose. 3. A printer^s tray for holding type.
Oallqr slava,one compelled towork at the oar on a galley.
QtUktiTt (gAl't^'Ot «»• An insect that doposiU eggs in
idants, oocasTouing galls. See lilu^. of Oall.
Otllio (gil'lTk), a. Pertaining to gallium.
OtlliO, a. Pertaining to galls, nutgalls, etc.
Oallie a«ld, an organic acid, found hi galls, tea, etc ; —
used in photography and in common black luk.
OalliOt a. Pertaining to Oaul or France.
Otlll-Oftll (-IT-kon), a. Pertaining to Oaul or France ;
On]Hi? ; Prcnrh. — «. A suppnTtrr nf Oallicanism.
Q;il']| oaji Isni(-T;£'iii). n [ ' : . les of Roman Catho*
lie H. hi. h.i ^^uij^vnhrtate pap*! aiitiiiorit^ cotbeFrench church.
Onl'^Uclsra (-mTjsVh)^ 4^ A Frvimb idiom, mode, etc.
O^ll-ctxe i-Bii)-, t'^ f- To troDfartn to French mode or
id i '111. [legffuards.|
GU U-flrAS'lllU i-vSa*k^ul),n. pi Loose hose : leather |
OollPilX f-li'iti). n. pi. [NL.. fr. L. gaJiina hen,
goifii9 Ckyf')L.} Aik orJer of birils. Including domestic
fo^^ In. nh(>.a«intiH ;e:rouiK>^ qiiaiU, tic, : — sometimes called
R^.tori'j!. - QilVL-n^^o^-am ( *iiJiA). a.
OalH-nlppor (irAi'l.TriI|}'p$r>. n A large mosquito.
Qiii'll pot I I M^i ) t '■^ ^ l^M uATt lieu pot to hold medi-
cines, etc.
Otlll-nm, n. [NL., fr. L. Gallia France.] A rare
metallic element, found in zinc ores.
Oall'niir igf^Vanv), n. A gall produced on leaves and
shoots of oaks.
Chaion(giinan),n. ill. gnlo.} Measure of 4 quarts.
Oal-lOOn' (-ISSn'), n. [F. & Sp. galon.] A tapelike
fabric for binding haU, ^hnes, etc
Gallop (-lap), V. {. [F. galoper.} 1. To run in the
mode called a gallop, or rapidly. 2. To ride a horse at
a gallop. — n. The run of a horse, etc.. when he lifts
alternately the fore and hind feet. In successive leaps.
OaFlOWS (-lOs or -Iftz), n. ; pi. Oallowsb (-«s) or
Oallows. [AS. galga^ gealga^ gallows, cross.] Frame on
which criminals are hanged, machinery suspended, etc.
Oa-loohe', Oa-loaha' (gi-lBshO, n. [F. ; perh. fr. L.
gallicn a Gallic shoe.] 1. An overshoe. 2. A legging.
Otl'op (gil'ft : F. ffA/lftO. ». [f .] A livelv dance.
Oal-vail'lO (ffil-vinTk), a. [Ft. Gnlrani, Italian dis-
coverer (about 1780) of dynamical electricity.] Pertahi-
ing to galvanism or electrical rurrents.
Oal'va-nlsm (gil'vi-nTs*m), n. (o) Electricity excited
by mutual action of certidn liquids snd metals ; dynam-
ical electricity. (6) Science of dynamical electricity, or
electrical currents. — Oal'va-nist, n.
Oal'va-Blaa, r. t. l. To affect with gnlvanlsm. 2.
To plate (with gold, silver, etc.) by electricity. 3. To
restore to consciousness by galvanic action ; to stimulate
to factitious sctivity. 4. To coat (iron) with zinc.
Oalvaniisd iron. Iron coated with sine.
Oamlrtt (gira'bTt), n. [F.] A mode of opening the
game of chess.
Oammt (-b'l). r. i. [Dim. of game.'] To pHy for
mon(>v. ^ r. /. To Mi|uan<if>r by gaming. Oamntller, n.
Oam-bOffe' (-bCBj' or -b^jO, n. A reddish yellow gum
resin, produce<l by tr**es in Siam, C^vlon, and M tlabar ; —
used as a piffm-nt, also "^la cath-^rtlc and em*>tic.
OamlMl (-NJI), n. [P. gfmhade.li A skipping about
in froHo : a RT>ortlv« pr%»>k. ^ r. ». To fHnk.
Oamlnrtl (-brei), n. [of. gambfjamhe,]tv.'\ l.Hind
fSra, recent, drb, ryde, f^U, Uru, food, f^Tot, vw.^ oil, cliair, ffo, aij.e, i^k, then, iliin.
16
GAMBREL ROOF
242
GARRISON
leg of a horse. 2. Btick crooked like a horse** hind leg.
— r. /. To truss or liang up by a gambrel.
Ctambrsl rocdL a curb roof with a lower steeper slope and
an upper and flatter
Oaine (gim), a. [Cl. W. cam crooked.]
Crooked ; lame.
[AB. aamen, gomen^ play,
sport.] 1. Bport ; jest ; frolic. 2. Con-
test for amusement or for winning a
stake. 3. A single match at play. 4.
Tlie stake in a game ; number of points „.„,._; «_.-
to be scored in order to win a game. 5. 0"»»>'^ ««>«•
Sclieme employed in pursuit of a purpose ; plan ; project
6. Animals pursued by sportsmen ; wild meats for the
table.— a. 1. Of resolute, unyielding spirit, like the
gamecock. 2. Pertaining to animals hunted for game,
or to hunting. — v. i. To play for a stake ; to gamble.
Gnm^Ofiat (-k5kO, n. Tlie male game fowl.
OftDM' fowl' (foulO> A handsome breed of the com-
mon fowl, of great courage and pugnacity.
OftflM'SOmo (-sQra), a. Oay ; sportive ; merry.
Oame^rttf (-stSr), n. Player at games ; gambler.
II Oamln (gkmTn ; F. gk'xoJbs'), n. [F.] A neglected
dty boy ; young street Arab.
OtmllMr (gam'mSr), n. [Perh. contr. fr. godmother.]
An old woman ; — correl. of guff ft ^ old man.
Oain'IllOII (-mttn), n. [OF. gambon.] Tliigh of a
hog, smoked or dried. —r.^ To make bacon of .
Oan^mon^n. 1. Backgammon. 2. A hoax ; humbug.
[CoUitq. ]^v.t, 1. To beat in tlie game of backgsmmon,
before an antoffoulst has withdrawn any of hb ** men '*
from the bosjrd. 2. To hoax. [Colloq.] [stem. I
Chim'lllOII, V. t. To fasten (a bowsprit) to a Tessersj
II Otm'O-Sdn'eHiiS (-fi-jSn'S-sTs), n. [Or. •ydifUK mar-
riage + E. aenegU.} Production of offspring by union of
parents of different sexes ; sexual reproduction.
Oam^t (-Ht), n. [F. gatnme (Or. y) -\- ut name of a
musical note.] The scale of musical notes.
Oam'y (rfm'y ), a. l. Having the flavor of game nearly
tainted. 2. Showing unyielding spirit ; plucky.
ChUl'dMr (gSnMSr), n. [AS. gnndra.] Male goose.
Q§ng (ging)* ^' *' [AS. gangam / akiu to Icel. gnnaaA
Toga — n. 1. A number going together ; souad. 2. A
combination of similar iroplemenU arranged to act to-
gether ; a set. 3. Oangue.
Oan'glft-oa (glQ'gIT-9n), n. [L., a swelling, tnmor.]
1. (a) Amaas of nervous matter, including nerve cells.
(6) A node, or gland In the lymphatic syi^em. 2. An
indolent tumor, situated on a tendon.
Oftn'gieiM (-grin), n. [F. ; L. gangrnena^ it. Or. yay-
Ypaira, fr. ypof to gnaw, eat.] Mortification of living
fle«h. — r. /. A i. To mortify. — Oftll'gTe-IIOIlS, a.
OanglM (gSng), n. [F. ; fr. O. gang a nietoUic vein.]
Earthy subi^uice associated with metallic ore.
ChUlf'WAy' (gXng'waO. n. A passage or way into a
ship or any inclosed place.
OtB'nOt (gSn'ngt), n. [AS. gnnet. See Gakdir,
Ooosa.] A sea bird allied to the pelicans.
Oa'nold (ga'nold or gSn'oid), n. [Or. yavo^ bright-
ness 4- -oidA Pertaining to the Oanoidei. — n. Cue of
the Oanoidei. — Oa-noM'al, o. — Oinoldl-aii, a. * w.
Oaaoid seals, one kind of scales of the ganoid fishes, com-
posed of an inner layer of bone, and an outer layer of sbin-
ing enamel, often so arranged as to form a coat of mail.
II Oft-nol'de-i (gi-noi'd?-!), n. pi. A sub-class of fishes,
many of which are covered
with bony plates, or with
ganoid scales; others have
thin smooth scales.
0«Bta«t (gIntMSt), n.
Corrup. fr. gantlope^ for
Oftllta«t (gSntnSt), n. Agauntiet,or|
Gfluti (jfii), n. A jdiL — Ckud'er, n. .
0«P (gftp;i «• L*-f- Icel- 9°P «»"I«y •!*«» 8w. gap
month.] A breach or defect ; hiatus ; a mountain pass.
— «. <. 1. To notch (a sword or knife). 2. To biMck.
Gap* (gSp ; in Eng. commonly g^*), r. i. [AS. 90a-
pan to open.] 1. To open the mouth wide. 2. To nut
widely ; to exhibit a gap, fissure, or hiatus, —n. I. A
gaping ; a yawn. 2. Width of the opened mouth.
Sjm. — To gase ; stare ; yawn. See Oazb.
Oar (gSr), n. [AS. g&r.'\ A flsh of the pike khid.
Oaill (gi^rb), n. [OF. garbe looks, ornament; akin
to £. gtar.] (a) Clothing. (6) Dress indicating rank
or office, (c) Costume ; fashion, —r. /. To array.
QtrlMfe (giim>tj ; 2), n. [OF. ^r6er to make neat,
akin to E. garb dress.] Offal ; refuse matter.
OartlO (-bH), r. /. [Formerly, to pick out, sort, OF.
ribeler to examine precisely, fr. LL. garbeUart to sift,
cribdlum sieve.] To pick out parts fitted to serve a
purpose ; to mutilate ; to pervert. — Otflller. n,
CHUr'den (gKr'd^n), n. [OF. gardin, jardin ; akin to
AS. geard. See Tabd an inclosnre.] 1. A place for
cultivating herbs, fruits, flowers, or vegetaUea. 2. A
rich tract of country. — r. i. & t. To cultivate (a gar-
den). — OftX'deil-fr, n. [dens ; horticulture. I
Ckir'den-illg, n. The lajring out and cultivating gar-|
Q«r'grt(-g«t),n. [OF. poryff/^ throat,] 1. A disease
of the udders of cews, etc. 2. A distemper in bogs. 3.
A plant, known as poke,
Oai^flt (-g'l), r. /. [F. gargoHiUerA To wash (the
mouth or throat). — n. Liquid for gargling.
Chur'COTlt (-goil),
jecting from the roof
gutter of a buildhig,
often carved ffrotesque-
[F. gargoHHle.] A spont pro-
Hi^sd of one of the Gannidcl
iCaiamoichthy» Caiaharicus).
gatelope^ orig., a running down a lane ; Sw. gata lane -f
lopp career.] An old military punishment in which two
flies of men, facing one another, struck the offender as
he passed between them.
OE. gtniren to stare.]
Showy; ostentatious.
OarOAlld (gSi^nd),
n. [OF. garlande.l
Wreath or chaplet of
flowers, etc. — r. t. To
deck with a garland ; to „ Osrgoyle.
crown. ^ . . ,
QftrOlO (Ilk), n. [AS. gaHe/tc; aSr spear -|- ie^
leek.] A plant of strong smeU and acid taste.
OUT'IlMllt (-ment), n, [OF. oamemen/, gamimemif
Ir.gamir to gamish.1 Any article of clothing.
Crar'lIM' (-nSr), n. L^F. oemier^ grenier^ fr. L. prmM-
rium^ fr. granvm grain/] A granary, —r. t To store.
Oftl'liet (-n«t), n. [OF. grenef, f r. L. granaivm pome-
granate, fr. granum seed.] A mineral or gem, often of
deep red color, and harder than quarts.
OVnet.n. Tackle for hoisting cargo in or oat of ships.
OortlllJI (-nTsh), r. t. [OF. gamir to provi<to, pre-
pare, warn.] 1. To adorn ; to erabellifh. 2. To warn
by garnishment ; to garnishee. — n. 1. Decoration. 2.
Something set round a dish as an embellishment.
Oar'llibdl-66' (-S0« **• One upon >k hom garnishment
has been served. — r. /. (n) To gamUh. (b) To attach
(property sought to be secured by garnishment).
Oar'mill-moilt. n. [OF. gomUsemmt protection.]
1. Ornament ; decoration. 2. (a) Legal noUce to give
information to a court of law. (6) Warning to one hold-
ing another's attached property to account for it in codtI.
Oar'nl-tlire (-nl-ttr ; 40), n. Furniture ; dress.
0«mt (g«r'r«t), n. [OF. gariie watchtower.] Part
of a house next under or within the roof ; an attic.
Ofir'rvt-ear' (-^i*'), n. One who lives in a ganet ; a
poor author ; a lit<»rary hack.
(tor'll-lOll (-rT-s'n), n. [F. gnmiaon^ tr. gamir to
garnish.] A body of troops stationed in a fortified place.
a, «, 1, 5, 0, long ; ft, 6, 1, 5, tt, 3^, short ; SMiate, 6 vent, Idea, 6bey . tinite, c4r«, Urm, Aak, t^i final.
GARROTE
243
GAWKY
(a) To pUoe troops in (a fortification) for its
dafenae. (6) To secure (territory) by fortresses.
Oar-rat*' (gftr^rSt/), n. [8p. ; fr. garra claw, talon.]
Execution by strangulation ; instrument for ga^roting.
— r. t. To strangle witb the garrote; to seize by tlie
throat, from behind, in order to rob. — Oir-rat'er, n.
Oar^-lolU (-rvt-l&s), a. [L. garruliu^ fr. garrire to
chatter.] 1. Talking much, esp. about trivial thhigs.
3. Having a loud, harsh note ; noisy ; — said of birds. —
Oar^ni-loBs-iMM, Gtf-niai-ty (rbnt-ty). »»•
Syn. — OAUti7U>U8 ; Talkative ; Loquacious. — A gar-
ruIou4 person indulges in long, prosy talk, with repeti-
tions and details; iulkative impii^ simply a great desire
to talk ; and loquacious a great flow of words.
Oftftar (gltr'tSr), n. [OF. gariier^ fr. garei bend of
the knee.] 1. A band to hold up a stocking. 2. Badge
of the highest order of knighthood hi Great Britain ; the
Order itself. » v. t. To bind with a garter.
Qmm (rKs), n. ; pi. Oasis {-it). [Invented by the
ebemist Van Helmont.] 1. An aeriform elastic fluid, as
oxygen, hydrogen, etc., disting. fr. vapors which beccone
liquid on rediKtion of tempenture. 2. (a) A mixture
of particular gases, for illuminating purposes, (fi) Laugh-
ing ffas. {c) Any irrespirable aeriform fluid.
, a bituminous or hydrogenous coal yielding suf-
lieated by gas. — Oas tar, coal tar.
ng, which discharges natural gas.
M;lory of gas ; place where gas is
cities. — tafhlng gas, hyponitrous
Udent volatile matter for manufacture of Uluminating
saa. — Oas saglas, an engine whose piston is moved by com-
bostion or sudden production or expansion of gas. — Oas
ftxtars, a device for convesing illiuninating gas from the
pipe to the burner. — Oas sMtsr, instrument for recordmg
the quantity of gas consumed . — Oas stove, a stove for cook-
ing or other purposes, heated by gas. — Oas tar, coal tar.
— Oas wall, a deep borint
— Oas works, a manufacl. .
generated for lighting cities. __ _
oxide, used as an annsthetic agent. — Wataral gas, gas
obtained from wells, etc., used for heating and lighting.
Oao'-bllZll^er (gis'bQm'Sr), n. The part of a gas tix-
tnre where gas bums as it escapes from the jet.
Chu'OOn Cgi(»^8n ; F. gti^Wv'), a. [F.] Pertaining
to Oaacony, in France, or to the Oascons ; braggart.
OaroOB-adO' (gSa^kSn-SdO, It. [F. gasconmrde,] A
; bragftsdocio. — r. ^ To brag ; to bluster.
. MIS (^fis), a. 1. In the form, or of the nature,
of gas. 2. Lv;king substance or solidity ; tenuous.
Chudl (gSsh), V. t. [OF. garser to scarify.] To make
A gaah, or deep incision in. ^ f». A deep and l<mg cut.
Oaal-torm (gSsT-fOrm), a. Osseous.
Oaa^fT (-fi)t V. t. &i. To turn into gas.
Oaa'koC (-ut), n. [Cf. F. garceUe reef pobit.] 1. A
band to lash a furled sail. Called also casket. 2. (")
Plaited hemp for packing a piston. (6) A ring or washer.
OasOlffllt^ (-nt^), fi. 1. Light yielded by combustion
of illuminating gas. 2. A gas jet or burner.
Oaa'D-IiBO (-^-lln or -18n), ChU'O-lMM (-18n). n. A
volatile mixture of fluid hydrocarbons, used in making air
gas and giving illuminiting power to water gas.
Oaa-OOl'e-tir (•5m't-t2r), n. An apparatus for hold-
ing and meamuring gas.
Oasp (gisp), V. i. [OE. gaspen^ IceL geispa to yawn.]
To labor for breath ; to respire convulsively. — r. t. To
emit or utter with gasps. — n. Labored respiration.
Oas'lT (gb'sj^), a. 1. Full of gas; like gas. 2. In-
flated ; urn of boastful talk. [Colloq.l
Oa»ler-0-P0d (-t8r4-pOd), n. Oastropod.
Oaa'trlO (-trlk), a. rOr. yo^nip, ya<7Tp6«, stomach.]
Pertaining to, or situated near, the stomach.
ChUhtm'O-^alst (-trll'ft-kwTst), n. [Or. yturrjp -}- L.
loqui to speak.] One who appears to speak from his
stomach ; a ventriloquist. — Qas-txU'O-qny (-kw^), n.
I Oaa-triHa (-trials), n. [NL., fr. Or. ysumip -\- ->/u.]
f the stomach.
I (-tri^-n9m), ) n. [F. gastronome,
r (-triJn'ii-mSr), > fr. Or. yaonip -f
t(-d-mTst), ) y6tu>f law.] One
fbod of good living ; an epicure.
One of the Oiwtropods ( Tritia trivittata).
F Fool : ('Caudal Cirri : O Upereuluni ;
P ProboMCiji, exierted : S Siphon. Nat. itize.
Oia-troil'o-m7(gXs-tr5n^-mj^),»i. Art of good eating.
— Oia'tTO-nomloTgfts'trt-uSni'Tk), -nomio-al. a.
Gaatro-pod (-trd-p5i). n. One of the Oastropoda.
II Oas-tlwO-da (-tr5i/6-d&), n. pi. [NL., fr. Or. yo.
oTi}p+-Poaa.] ^^ ^
A large class of i^? d^.'^-ySl^^^lw *
Mollusca, i n -
eluding most
of the marine
spiral shellik
and the land
and fresh-water
snails. They
generally creep
on a flat, muscular foot, on the ventral side of the body.
OatO (git), n. [AS. geat^ gat^ gate, door.] 1. Passage-
way in a wail ; movable frame for closing such a passage.
2. Way of entrance or exit. 3. Door, v^ve, etc., to stop
paasase of water through a dam, lock, pipe, etc.
Qali'way' (-wa^t n. a passage through a fence or
wall ; gate ; frame, arch, etc., in which a gate hangs.
Oath'er (gSth'Sr), r. /. [as. gaderian^ fr. gador to-
gether, fr. {^ fellowslUp.] 1. To brii^ together ; to as-
semble. 2. To harvest ; to pluck. 3. To acCTimulate ;
to amasa. 4. To contract ; to compress ; to pucker. 5.
To derive, or deduce (an inference) ; to collect (a conclu-
sion) ; to infer. — v. i. 1. To congregate. 2. To increase.
3. Tocome to a head, asa sore, and generate pus. 4. To
collect things together. »n. A fold in cloth ; pucker.
Oath'er-mS« n. 1. a collecting. 2. (a) A crowd ; as-
sembly. (6)A tumor or boil suppurated or maturated ;
abscess.— a. Assembling; concentrating.
II Oamflia (gSsh), a. [F.] Left handed ; awkward.
II Oanoho'rid' (gSsh'rV), n. [F.] Clumsiness.
Gaud (gftd), n. [OB. gaude jest, gaudi bead of a rosa-
ry, fr. L. gaudium joy.] An ornament ; trinket.
Oand'y (J^)« «. Ostentatiously fine ; showy ; gay, but
tawdry. — Oaodl-ly, adv. — Oaodl-IMOa, n.
Oanfter (gaf'fSr), v. t. [F. gaufrer, fr. gaufre hooey-
co.nb, waffle. 1 To plait, crimp, or flute ; to goffer.
OlQCe (gSj), r. /. [OF. gauffier to gauge, gauge meas-
uring rod.T [Written also gage.} 1. To measure with
a gauge. 2. To ascertain the contents or capacity of (a
pipe, barrel, keg, etc.). 3. To test the form of. 4. To
draw into equidistant gathers by running a thread through
(cloth). 6. To measure the capacity or abilitv of ; to es-
timate. ^ n. LA standard of dimensions, distance, or
capacity. 2. Instrument for regulating the dimensions
or forms of things ; templet 3. (a) Relative positions of
vessels with reference to the wind. (6) Depth to which
a vessel sinks in the water. 4. Distance between the
rails of a railroad.
Oan'ger (ga'jSr), n. One who gauges; an oiBoer
whose business is to ascertain the contents of casks.
Oaimt (gttnt), a. [Cf. Norw. gand thin pointed stick,
tall and thin m%n.] Attenuated ; lean ; meager.
Oaimtlat (-ISt), n. Oontlet, a military punishment.
Oaimtlatt n. [F. garUelet^ dim. of gant glove.] Long
glove, covering the wrist.
Oanse (g{|x), n. [F. wue; because introduced from
Oaxa, in Palestine.] Thin, transparent stuff, generally
of silk ; fabric resembling silk gauxe ; as, wire gauze. «•
a. Thin ; light. — Oans^, a. — Oaual-iian, n.
OaVO (giv), imp. of OiVB.
OaT'al (srSVffl), n. [OF. gareUe.} Small heap of
grain, not tied up into a bundle.
OaT'Ol, n. 1. Mallet of the presiding oflloer in a
legislative body, court, etc 2. A mason's setting maul.
Oa'Tl-al (gS'vT-al), n. [Hind, gharigia.} A large
Asiatic crocodilian ; — c<Uled also nako.
Oawk (gftk)« «. [AS. ge&c cuckoo.] 1. A cuckoo.
2. A simpleton ; booby. — r. i. To act like a gawky.
Oawk'T (-j^), a. Foolishandclumsy ; clownish.— n. A
fellow awkward from being overgrown, or from stupidity.
»»•
6Yb| n|4% fvUt l^fBf to~«d, tcTot, oiMi oilf ataatri wh •&«& Ml^ tSisBi tbiA,
GAY
244
GENERICALLY
[F. ffti.} 1. Ksoitod with BMrrlmtnt ;
S. r ■■
livt^ly ; mttrry. 2- BrUllMUC in lyoian ; richly dxMMd.
Srn< — Merry ; |lee4u] ; Uvoly ; iprightly : Ught-
beiirted \ ^\ly ; iorud : nbowy : tpl«ndld ; TiTBcioua.
ttllK^ty (, wa'?'t J i . N ► [ W ri tten also ^iely.] 1. The
beiog^ g^Y ; luerry uiitertiiiiiiijeDU. 2. Finery ; thow.
^rn, — Mirth; juiiDutiun ^ riTacity: glee; bUthe-
«oaiAuuttfl ; apritf htliiLf^isa ; jolht^p^. Bee LrvBLunns.
McrriJy.
Oayly (-IJ^li n^/r. X Mcrrfjy. 2. Finely ; showily.
QkE9 (ifiJj. f. ( {OE. fffi4tTi ; akin to duL Sw.mua
to tBrrtJy.} To ICMili eagtTly or curiously. — n. 1. A
Oied □/ coptlnued Look. 2- Object ffaaed on.
By 11. -To 0^1 L OiM**L Starb; look. — To gaze Ib to
iooV witb prtilouKed iitt«?mii^ti, awakened by exdted in-
terest or ^Watf^d mnotlou l to ^ajw is to look with open
uioutK ati^l tj'i.4lT»^^'W liTit'i'rni t ^^onder; to <lare is to look
with the Oxfidu&iui cl isnuAcucc oi of idiocy.
' (g^-sSl'), n. [F.;fr. Ar. ^Aosfi/wUdgoat.]
A small, swUt, elegantly formed antelope,
oi Africa, ArabU, and India.
0«-Mtt»^(R*-zSf),n. lY.', It. goMtetta,
perh. f r. ffosetta a Venetian coin, the price
of the first newspaper published at Ve-
~ A newspaper ; olBcial journal con-
taining legal and state
notices. — r. I. To
publish in a gaiette ;
to announce officially
(an appointment,
bankruptcy, etc.).
OU'«t-tMr'(gis'9t-
tSrO, n. 1. A writer
of news ; publisher of
., gOTermnent anncMiuce-
__^^__,^,^^ \ ments. 2. A geograi^-
B-— »^»^^^ „^j^^ ical dictionary.
GMdI.(C««0.rforca.). (^A^UjA;**.* aS
olriect of scorn, abhorrence, curiosity, or contempt.
Otiir (gBr)* *• [AS. gearwe clothing, armor, f r. gtaro
ready.] 1. Clothing ; ornaments. 2. Goods ; household
•tulL 3. Harness; trappings. 4. A cogwheel in ma-
ohinery ; gearing, —v. I. 1. To dress ; to harness. 2.
To fit (machinery) with gearing.— v. i. To be in, or
oome into, gear.
OearillCf *^ 1* Harness. 2. Parts by which motion
imparted to one portion of an engine or machine is trans-
mitted to another.
OMk'O (gtt^), n. ; 0/. OKKon (-Sx). [F. & 6. ; —
from the animal's cry.] A small, camiTorous, mostly
nocturnal lisard with large eyes, and expanded toes hav-
' r adheaiTe ditku by which they can run over walls and
-I aS)« 9.i,&t. [Cf. O. jU, inteii., used in calling
to a horse.] To turn (a team) to the off side, or from the
driver ; — -opp. to Aair, or hot [Written also/e«.]
Omm (gfc), n. ; pl. of Oooex.
a«l'a-1lM(ja'4-b^),a. [L. pe/arf to congeal.] Capa-
ble of being congealed, or converted into jelly.
Oal'A-tlll, M'A-tllM (-tTu). ft. [F. ailatine, it. L.
gelart.'\ Animal Jelly ; glutinous material obtained by
boiling animal tissues (as tendons, bones, etc,) and an im-
portant ingredient of calf 's-foot Jelly, isinglass, glue, etc.
0«-lftt1-lUll» (j«-llt^-«at), Cto-UM-nlW, «. /. & i.
To change into gelatin or Jelly. — 0«-Uri-llA'tlim, n.
Cto-lArl-llfNUI (-nfis), a. Of the nature and oonaist-
•nce of gelatin or of Jelly ; viscous.
Gold (g61d), V. t. [Icel. geida.'l To oastrate ; to
emasculate. — OeUMng, p- pr.^ a,^&n.
Gelid (JSlOrd), a. [L. gelidus, fr. gfelu frost, cold.]
Cold ; frosen. - Oalld-IMW, O^Udl-ty (jl-lIdT-tV), n.
Otm (JSm), n. [L. gemma precious stone, bud.j 1.
A bud. 2. A precious stone, esp. when cut and polished ;
a JeweL 3. Anything small or brief and prised for its
bean^ or value. — v. t. To adorn with precious atones.
0t»l4Ult8 (MmT-ntt), a. [L. pMi<iMir«, -Mifwn, to
double, f r. geminus twin.j[ In peirs or twains ; twin.
|lCtaoil-Bi(-nI},ii.j)^ (%., twins, pL of ^miniw.] The
Twins, a constellation containing the two bright start
Castor and Pollux ; also, the 3d tfgn of the sodiac
Ctam'ttatt (-mit), Ctamlaa-taa (-mt-tSd), a, [L.
aemmare, -ina^tim, to bud, fr. gemma bud.] Havhig
buds ; reproducing by buds,
Qnk-mMftkn (Jfim-mS'shfin), n. 1. Formation of a
new individual, animal or vegetable, by budding; an
asexual methoa of reproduction. 2. Arrangement of
buds on the stalk, or leaves in the bud.
0«aillM-OIUI (-ml-tts), a. Pert. to. or like, gems.
QnOrmUfm-imM (-mifir-Qs), a. [L. gemma -{- -fer-
oiM.J Producing gems ; multiplying by buds.
II iMMfdanM' (zhKir^dlinm^ ». ;^- OurDAKxn (shibi'-
' " A French policeman.
[!•.] ,
[OF. genrff gendre^ f r. L. genvt.
dVrm'), or Om d'arkis.
0«ll'a«ra«n'd«r],n. I ^
goneriSf birth, kind, gender, "fr. root of generet gxgnere\
to beget, akin to E. kmA A classification of nouns by
sex or some quality associated with sex. — r. I. To beget ;
to engender.
0«ll'«-al'0-Ky (4-Il'ft-Jj^), n. [Or. ycvcoAoyta ; yw^
birth, race -f- Abyo? discourie.] fiUstonr of descent from
an ancestor; pedigree; lineage. — Oeil^«-A-10Cio-al
(-i-15ja-kal), a. — Oe&'«-al'0-itot (-U'd-JTst), 11.
Cton'e-im (jen't-r4), n., pi, of Obws.
Qoi'er-Al (-Sr-al), a. [F. ; fr. L. generalu. Bee
Obhvs.] 1. Relating to a genus or kind, a chus or order.
2. Comprehending many species or individuals ; not spe-
cial, restrained, or limited ; not specific ; indefinite ; lax hi
signification. 3. Common to many ; prevalent. 4. Com-
mon to the whole. 6. As a whole ; In gross. 6. UsuaL
^ 8yn. — OunEEAL ; ComiOH ; UinvxasAL. — Common
denotes primarily that iu which many share ; hence, any-
thing often met with. General means that which pertains
to a majority of the genut, or whole. Oniverful, that
which pertains to all without exception.
— n. 1. The whole; total; that which comprehends
the chief part ; — opp. to parHcular. 2. A chief mili-
tary ofilcer ; commander of an army or body of men not
lees than a brigade. 3. Chief of an order of monks, etc
0«l'er-«ll-ty(-I]T-tj^),n. 1. A being general, or in-
cluding species or particuiara. 2. That whicb is general ;
a vague statement. 3. The main body ; greatest part
Cton'er-al-l-nlten, n. l. a generalising; classifica-
tion of mdividuals or particulars ; deduction of a genersl
principle from particulars. 2. A general inference.
Cton'er-Al-ln (-al.is), v. t. 1. To bring under a genus
or ffenera. 2. To make universal in application. 3. To
deduce (a general principle) from particulars. -•v. i.
To form into a genus ; to view compreheiuively.
Cton'ar-al-ly, adv. l. in general ; commonly, though
not universally. 2. In a general way ; in the midu.
Qoi'er-Al-Uto, n. 1. Office, or personality, of a
generaL 2. Mihtary skill ; management.
Cton'or-ftte (-it), t'. t. [L. generare, -aium, to gener-
ate, fr. genus.'] 1. To beget ; to propagate. 2. To cause
to be ; to originate, esp. by a vital or chemical process.
3. To trace out (a mathematical line, figure, or solid) by
motion of a point or magnitude of inferior order.
Ckn'er^'tloil, n. 1. A generating or procreation. 2.
Origination by mathematical, chemical, or vital process ;
production; formation. 3. Progeny; offspring. 4. A
step in natural descent ; mass of beings uving at one
period ; average lifetime of man, usually accounted one
third of a century. 6. Race; kind. 6. Formation of
a geometrical magnitude (line, surface, or solid) by mo-
tion of a point or magnitude. — OMI'er-a^or, fi.
Oen'er-A-tlTe (-&-tTv), a. Able to generate or produce.
Ck-nerlo ( jt-nernrk), 1 a. l. Pertaining to a genu* or
Ck-]l«no-Al (-T-kal), ) kind, as distinct from a species
or other genus. 2. very comprehensive ; — opp. to jpe-
ctyrc — 0«-ii«r1o-al-l7, adv.
S, 8, 1, S, «, long ; &, «, 1, 5, a, ti alaort ; liolUe, «v«it, tdM, 6bey, linite, oftro, Krm, Aek, §0, fbMd.
GENEROSITY
245
GEORGICAL
'Y-tV)* »• 1- The being noble ;
Boble-mJodedneM. 2. LiberaUtv in giving ; monlfloence.
Sjn* — Magnanimity ; liberality.
Oea'er-OilS (-(UX a. [L. gensronu of noble birth,
tnagn-inimoos, fr. genu» blrtb, race.] 1. Exhibiting the
3iialitiea of high birth ; noble ; honorable ; ooungeoua.
I Opeii-handM ; monifioent. 3. Abundant.
a«B^e-lli (-l-aTa), n. [Or. y4v9mx% fr. root of ylyvt-
iBmi. to beget, be bom ; akin to L. gmusA 1. The pro-
dncing anything; formation; origination. 2. First book of
the Old I^tament, narrating tlte creation of the world.
e«l'«t (JSn^t or jl-nStO, Oa-lMtto' U^nStO, n. [P.
gemette^tr. Ar. Jameif.'] 1. A amall oamiTorous animal,
of Soathem Europe, AaU Minor, and Africa, allied to the
civets. 2. Fur of the genet.
GMl'Ct (jSn'St), n. A small Spanish horse ; jennet
0«-Bttao (jl-nStmi), 0«-]itno^, a. Pertaining to
the genesis of anything, or its natural dereloproent.
Cknlal (JSi/yal or JS^nf-al ; 26). a. [L. genialU. See
Onmra.] 1. Contributing to production ; generative. 2.
Sympathetically cheerful ; kindly. — Ot'm-all-ty, n.
Ck-alO^-U'tloa (jt-nTk^d-lI'shan), n. [L. genieu-
toHo. a kneeling, fr. g^nu knee.] The being bent abruptly.
\\WvW{F,%ht'ixV',E,Wtif),n. [PJ SeeOtHnrt.
0«Bl-tal \j/h/\-ta\), a. £L. genUalU, fr. gentre, oig-
••«r«, to beget. See Osiron.] Pertaining to generation,
or to tiie generative organs. [vate parts. I
OtnO-Uli (-talz), n. pi. Organa of generation ; pri-|
Otal-tlnf C-tTng), n. An early*ripening apple.
Otal-tlVt (-tTv), tf. [L. genitirtUy fr. gignere^ geni-
tum.'l Pertaining to that case of nouns which expressea
•ouroe or poasesafon. ^ n. The genitive case.
0«Bl-tOr (-t9r), n. [L.] One who begeU ; generator.
OtnllU (Jin'yfis or, e*p. in sense 1, JS'oT-Ss ; 20), n. ;
pi. E. Osmvaia (-81) ; in tense 1, L. Oami (jS'nT-I). [L.,
prop., divine nature innate in everything, tutelar deity
of a penoQ or place, talent, fr. genere^ aignerey to bring
forth.] 1. A good or evil spirit, or demon, anciently
•opposed to shape a man*s destiny. 2. Each person*s
peculiar structure of mind ; diqwaition or aptitude. 3.
INstinfuished mental superiority ; superior power of in>
rention. 4. Ji man of superior intellectual faculties.
Syn. — Onmrs ; TxLBirr. — Oenifts implies hlffh gifts
upposes
peclilcei
aptitude for specmc employments and porposea.
CtaB-ttti' (jSn-tSlO, a. [P. 9<>n/i/ noble, graoefuL See
GSMTLS.] 1. Posseoring qualities becoming high birth
and breeding ; polite ; well-bred. 2. Graceful ; eleganL
Syn.— Polite; well-bred: refined; polished.
Ckn'tUa (JSu'shan or -ahT-«rn), n. IL. genlinna.'\ An
herbaceous p)ant of many species, some prised for their
beauty, and othera used aa tonica.
Oan'tU* (jSn'tn), n. PL. genHlis belonging to the
same clan, race, or nation, j One of a non-Jewish nation ;
one neither Jew nor Christian ; a heathen, ^a. 1. Be-
longing to the nationa at large, as disting. fr. the Jews ;
of pagan or heathen people. 2. Denoting a race or
ooontiy ; aa, a gentile noun or adiective.
Syn. — Pagan ; heathen. See Paoam.
Otn-tni-ty (-tTlOr-tV), n. [L. genlUita* relationship
of clanamen.] 1. Good birth. 2. QualiUea appropriate
to thoee well bom ; good breeding.
Otn'tlt (jSn't'l), a. rOE. & F. gentU noble, graceful,
fr. L. gentUu.\ 1. Woll-bom ; of respectable birth,
though not noble. 2. Refined in mannera ; not rough
or stem ; mild ; amUble ; tender. 3. Not wild or re-
fractory; docile; tame. 4. Soft; not strong, loud, or
disturlHng; easy; soothing.
Syn. — QiirrLi : Tamb; Mild; Men; placid: quiet;
bland : soft ; tractable ; docile. — Uentlr describes the nat-
ural disposition ; tame^ that which is subdued by train-
ing : mild implies a temper not easily provoked ; meek^
a aptrit acbooled to mildness by diacipiine or suffering.
Orall^-ttllr (JSn'tn-fSk/), Cton'tt^-telkt' (-fSka^), n.
pi. Persona of gentle or good tamily and breeding.
Oeatle-man, n. l. A man well bora ; one above
the condition of ayeoman. 2. One of raflned mannen ; a
well-bred man.— Oantlt-IIUUI-llkt^, OMltW-lluUl4y, a.
Ooitl^-IMM, n. The being gentle ; ffentillty.
Ctalltle-WOlll'aa (-wAm'an), n. 1. Woman of good
birth and breeding. 2. Attendant on a lady of hi^ rank.
Orally (-tljhf odv. In a gentle manner.
CkntlT (-try), n. People of education and breeding ;
in England, those between nobility and yeomanry.
Ooi'll-flMlloll (iCn'tt-flSk'ahlin or jS'ntt-), n. [L.
genu knee -f- flexio a bending, fr. JletAere^ jlexum^ to
bend.] A bending the knee, esp. in worship.
0«l^-llM (-Tn), a. IL. genuinus. BeeGnrDsa.] Be-
longing to the original stoclt ; native : not counterfeit or
adulterated. — Cknll-ilie-ly, adv. — Qtll^lB^-MM, n.
Byn. — Real ; trae ; pure ; unalloyed. See AvTHsmc.
0«'aiUl(iS'nii8),n./pf.GBirsRA(JCn'S-ri). [L. SeeGtH-
OBR. ] A daas of objects divided into subordinate species.
Cto'O-Otlltrto (jS'd-sSn'trTk), \ a. [Or. Wo, yii, the
Q¥0^&a^Xno-tl (-trT-kal), f earth -f ir^^pbr oeD>
ter.] Having reference to the earth as center.
WOti» (-Sd), n. [Or. y««;ai^ earthlike; y^ yii -f-
tUot form.] A nodule of stone, containing crystals.
0«-Od'*-sy (-Sdl-aty ), n. [Or. yemituota ; yia, y^ +
iaUuf to divide.] Thai branch of aonreying which pfo-
vides for the curvature of the earth.
Ot-Ot't-ny (-Jte^-nJ^), «. i;Gr.yrf«,yi5.f yonjgener.
ation, birth.} Science of the formation of the earth.
, Oe^lra-pllV (-Sg'rtUfy ), «. [Or. yntfypo^a : ytfo. ylj
•f ypafi deacrlption.1 1. Science ot the world and iU
inhabitanta; deecriptlon of the earth, ita atractore, fea-
tnrea, products, political diviaiona, and inhabitants. 2.
Treatise on thia aoience. -> O^-Off^-plltr, n. — O*'*-
gnj^lo (-«-grif^k), Q9'%-gn^NlHlyT
0*^'0-gtet (-ol'd-jTst), n. One versed in geology.
Ck^'e-glM (-jii), r. /. To study geology.
^•■^'O^ (-jj^), n. [Or. yrfa, vif -f 4^.] 1. Sd-
enoe which treato: (a) Of the stracture and mineral
constitution of the globe ; structural geology, (b) Of ita
hiatory as regards rooks, minerals, riven, mountaina,
.. ... . -^thec
olimatee, life, etc. ; historical geology, (e) Of the 4
producit^ ita structure, featurea, cliangea, and oondi-
tiona ; dynamical geology. 2. Treatise on the adenoe.
0«^IB'e-tor (-Sint-tSr), n. [Gr. vnMi^pifc, fr. ytfo,
yij -f- fi<rpov measure.] 1. One skilled in geometry;
geometrician. 2. A geometrld moth ; a geometrid.
Ore-mMIIO ( jS'd-mSt'rTk), 1 a. Pertahiing to, or de-
Ore-m«nrto-al (-rT-k/il), f termined by, geometry.
Oe-«lB'e-tll'0lAll (•9m't-trTsh'an), fi. One aUUed La
geometry; geometer; mathematician.
Oe-«lB'0-Md (-trTd), a. Pertaining to the Oeometri-
dap. ^n. One of numerous genera
of moths, whose larvm (called loop-
ersy measuring worms, spanworms
and ^ncAtrormj) creep aa if raeaa-
uring. Manv are injurious to agri-
culture, aa the canker worma.
To
J\,
Oeometrid {Zerens
oatemaria) Larva.
Nat. tit:
k'e-trtae (-tris), v. i.
uae geometrical laws.
0«^IB'0-try (-try), n. [Or. ye»-
Iktrpla^ fr. ynunirrptw to measure
land ; yia, y^ ■{■ firrotw to measure.] 1. Science of the
properties of magnitudea and relatione of apaoe. 2.
Treatise on this science.
G^'O-pOliaM (-^pOttTlcs), n. [Gr. r^ ytmwoi^utA : ytfa,
yfi 4- 90¥utAt toil<«oroe, fr. ir6vo( labor.] Agricultura.
Q90tglO (jftfjlk), n. [L. georgicttm (so. carmen), it,
Gr. ycMpytmK, f r. vetupy^a tillage. 1 A poem on husbandry.
Qeoc'glo (jdr'jTk), la. R^fatbig to agriculture and
CtoOC'glO-ca (-jT-k/il), ( raral affaire.
fira, raooot, Arb| n|d«, f^ ftrn, fo'od, ftfbt, out, oil, chair, yo, aix&s, ink, tben, tliin.
GERANIUM
246
GILL
tto-ni'tai-im(jt-ririiT-nin),n. CL.,fr.Or.y«pay(or,fr.
y^povof crane.] 1. A geniu of pUmU having a beaklike
tonu and membnuioua projections at the Joints. Called
sometimes crantU-biil. 2. A cultivated pelargonium.
OmiB (j8rm), n. [L. germfHt -inUt sprout, bud,
germ.1 1. That which ia to develop a new individuaL
2. Origin; first principle.
I ( firmaa), a. [F. aermaim^ fr. L. germannM
run, own ^said of brothers and sisters by the same par-
ents); akin to i^ennen germ.] Nearly related ; closely akin.
Gcr'llUUlt n. [L. Germanu*. prob. of Celtic origin.]
1. A native of Geraiany. 2. The Oermau language. 3.
(a) A round danoe. (Jb) A social party at which the
gerraanisdanced.— a. Pertaining to Qermany.
\ stlvsr, a silver-white alloy, containing nickel,
oopper, and sine, uid sometimes iron. ~ Qsrmaa text, a
character resembling modem German type.
2!^^ Ci)iB Itm IS C&trman Etxt.
Qm-maJUf (-minOt a. [See Osrmah akin.] Closely
allied ; appropriate or fitting ; relevant.
Ctar'nuui-isill (jSKman-U'm), n. 1. An idiom of the
German laiynage. 2. A characteristic of Germans.
Ctoftail-c
[•mT-rid), a. [Germ -\- L. eaedere to
UlL] Destructive to germs, esp. to living germs and
bacteria which cause infectious diseases.
Gar'ml-lUd (-nal), a, Pertaininf to a germ.
0«^IBl-IUUIt (-nont), a. Sprouttng.
0«^IBl-a«te (-nit), r. i. Th. germinare, -natum, fr.
germen.'] To sprout ; to bud ; to begin to develop. —
V. t. To cause to sprout — Qtrmi-aatloil, n.
Ctaf'lllia (j^i^&i>^)< **• [I^ genindium^ fr. gerere to
bear, carry, perform.] A Latin verbal noun, governing
cases like a participle.
Q9m-Wtm (jwS'shOn), n. [L. gettatio a carrying,
fr. gestart to bei^, carry.] 1. The canriug young in tlie
womb ; pregnancy. 2. Exercise in which one is carried,
as on horseback, or in a carriage ; passive exercise.
0«S-tto^-Ultt (-tTk'A-lit), V. 1. [L. gesticulaH, -latvjt,
to geaticuhkte, fr. gfttus gesture, fr. gerere ^ getium.] To
msJie gestures or use postures. — Oes-tlo'll-UltlOll, n.
Qw^tur* (-ttr ; 40), n. [LL. gestura mode of action,
fr. L. gerere, gettum.] A motion of body or Umbe ex-
pressing sentiment or passion, ^r. t. & i. To gesticulate.
OetTgSt), V, t. [imp. Got (g5t) (Oft*. Gat (gXt) ) ; p.
S, Got {Obsolescent Oottkm (gSt't'n) ); p. pr. & vb. n.
BTTine.] [AS. gitan, gieton (in comp.); akin to L.
ynAendere to seise, take.] 1. To procure ; tojain poe-
lof; to earn; to win. 2. To have. 3. To beget;
to generate. 4. To learn. 6. To persuade. 6. To cause
to be in any state or conditim. 7. To betake ; to remove.
— r. {. 1. To gain; to be increased. 2. To arrive at,
or bring one^s self into, a state, condition, or position ;
to become, ^n. Offspring; progeny.
OtW'saw (gu'ga)t n. [Prob. reduplicated fr. AS.
g^fan to give ; rf. F. Joujou plajrthing.] A showy trifie.
Q(&f'9n (gi'»«8r or gi^Sr), n. [Icel. geyxir, fr. geym
to rush furiously, gjOsa to gush.] A boiling spruig which
throws out jets of water, mud, etc.
Obllltly (g4stnj^), a. [OE. gastlichy fr. gnjtfen to
terrify, AS. gifstanA 1. Like a ghost. 2. Horrible ;
shocking. — adr. Hideously. — OlMgtll-IMSS, n.
II Ghat I (gRt), n. [Hind, ghat.] 1. A pass through
Ohavt I a mountain. 2. A range of mountains. 3.
A Inndinrf plac« ; wharf. [India'\
OlMr'kIn (g8r^Tn), n. [D. agurkje ; Ar. al'khiyar.'\
A small, prickly cucumber, usetl for pickles.
OhOSl (gOst), n. [AS. gnst breath, spirit, souL] 1.
The disembodied soul ; spirit of a deceased person ; ap-
parition ; specter. 2. A phantom ; glimmering.
OlMStly* o. [AS. gnxtlic.'\ 1. R^'lating to the soul ;
not carnal or secular ; npiritual. 2. Pertaining to appa-
ritimiB. *» A^r. Spiritually ; mystically.
Ohoal (g5ol), n. iPer.ghOlA An oriental demon, sup-
posed to feed upon human bodies. [Written also ghole.'\
WtOkt ( ji'ont). n. [OE. A OF. peon/, L. gigtu, fr. Or.
5'yac, yiyoi^roc.] 1. A man of extraordinary stature. 2.
ne of extraordinary powers, bodily or intellectual, —a.
/ powers, 1
Extraordinarv in sice or power. — €K'aat-«M. n,/,
llOlaoor (jour), n. [Turk, giaur an infldeL]
An
infidel ; — a Turkish term for disbelievers in Md
danism, especially Christians.
CMb (gib), n. A slip of metal or wood to hold in place
parU of a machine. — r. /. To secure with a gib.
Olb (jTb), V. i. To jib ; to balk.
OlbOMT (jTbOSr), n. A jibbing, or balky, horte.
OlblMr (glb^r), V. i. [Akhi to Jabber, and gabbU.}
Kftfcfr,v. L] In-
To speak rapidly and inarticulately.
Ott>lMr-lali (ffTb'bSr-Tsh), n. [Fr.
articulate talk ; jargon, —a. UnmeanL^
Oibl>«t O^b^t), n. [OE. & F. gibei^ 1. A Und of
rallows. on which malefactors were hanged in chains. 2.
Projecting aam of a crane ; jib. ^ r. ^ 1. To hang and
expose on a gibbet. 2. To expoee to infamy.
CMbOKIll (gTb^5n), n. [F.] A taUlesa, kmg-aimed,
arboreal ape of the East Indies and Southern Asia.
Oib'bOIIS (-b&s), a. [L. gibbons, fr. oibbus, gibba,
hundi, hump. J Protuberant ; convex. — GUl'bOIUi-IIMI,
Ofb-lKMl-ty (-b6sa-t<^), n.
OlbO (jib), r. i, [Cf. Icel. geipa to talk nonsense, E.
jaUfer.} To rail ; to utter taunting, sarcastic worda.—
r. /. To scoff at ; to mock. — n. A taunt ; sneer.
OlblvtS (jTba«U), n. pL [OE. & OF. gibelei game.]
Edible viscera (heart, gixsard, liver, etc), of poultry.
Oid'dy (gTd'dl^), a. [OK.jndi mad, sUly, cf . AS. gid-
dian to sing, gid song.] 1. Having a sensation of whirl-
ing or reeling in tlte head ; dixsy. 2. Promoting giddi-
ness. 3. Bewildering on account of rapid turning. 4.
Unstable ; fickle ; thoughtless ; heedless. — v. ». To reel ;
to whirl. -Old'dl-ly, adv. ~ CHd'dl-lMM, n.
01ft (gift), n. [A& ; fr. gifan to give.] 1. Anything
cHlven ; a present. 2. Act, right, or power of bestowing.
3. Endowment given to man by God ; talent ; faculty. »
r. /. To endow with some power or faculty.
8yn. — GiVT ; pRSsnrr ; Dokation ; boon ; bomitr ;
gratuity ; endowment ; talent; faculty.— A (K// is usually
designed for the relief or benefit of mm who receives it.
A present is always intended as a compliment or exprea>
sion of kindness. Donation is a gift of considerable vidua,
ordinarily made either to some public institution, or to an
individual on account of his services to the pubUo.
CllC(KY|r)f **• A fishgig; a spear or harpoon. -•v. i.
To fish with a gig.
01c« "• [C^* Icel. oij^'a fiddle, 0. geige, Icel. gtiga to
rove at random, and E. jig.'\ 1. A top or whirligig. 2.
A light two- wheeled carriage, drawn by one horse. 3. A
long, light rowboat.
Ol-faa'tlO (jt-gln'tTk), a. [L. (Tt'pn^ -nntit. giant.]
1. Of extraordinary size. 2. Such as a giant might use,
make, or cause ; immense ; tremendous.
CHCf lO (gTg'gM), r. i. [Cf. OD. ghichelen, O. IrtcVnt.]
To Uugh with short catches ol the breath, or in a silly
manner ; to titter. — n. A light, silly laugh. — Olg'gltrt
n. — Olf 'gly, o.
Olid (gud ), V. I. [imp. & p. p. GiLOBD or G ILT (gilt) ;
p. pr. & rb. n. Gildiko. J [AS. gyldan. See Gold.] 1.
To .>ver1ay with a thin covering of gold. 2. To brighten.
3. To give a fair but deceptive outward appearance to.
OUd'er (gTld'Sr), n. One who gilds.
Oll'der (gTKdSr), n. A guilder, s Dutch coin.
OUdlng (gTldaug), N. 1. The overlaying with gold
leaf ; thin coating or wash of gold. 2. Gold in leaf, pow-
der, or liquid, for application to any surface. 3. Any
superficial appeartuice, as opposed to whst Is genuine.
OUl (gll), n. [Dan. gi»lfe, gelie ; cf. AS. geogt, geakl,
j-^w.l 1. An organ for aquatic respiration ; brancbia. 2.
pi. The rvliatiiig, gill-shaped plates forming the under
Hurface of a munhroom. 3. Tlie fleshy flap below the
beak of a fowl ; wattle. 4. The flesh under the chin.
a, «, f , 5, a, long ; ft, «, I. tt, tt, t, short ; senAte, « vent, Idea, 6bey, finite, cAra, ttrm, Ask, nn, flnoL
GILL
247
GLADLY
aill(fn),f». [OF. ^Ote, 0eUe,mmeMttreforwine,LL.
gelio.'] A measure of capadty. l-4th of a pint
GUI (JTl), ft. [AbbreT. fr. OiUian a woman's name.]
1. A sweetheart ; a flirting or wanton girl. 2. Oroond
vry. 3. Malt liquor medicated with ground ivy.
OUOle i (iTn$)t n. [GaeL gUle ladj A boy; male
only ) attendant, m the Scottish Higlilands.
Oaiy-ftoWer (-flou'Sr). n. [OP. giro/re: cf. Or.
cofi^vAAMf olove tree ; xopuov nut -f ^vAAoi^ leaf, akin
to £. /oliage.} 1. Tlie stock, a cruciferous plant with
■howy and fragrant blossoms. 2. An apple, of roundish
conical shape. [Written also gilliflotcer.]
out (gtlt), imp. & p. p. of OiLD.— a. Gilded ; cot-
ered with gold ; golden yellow. — n. Gold ; gilding.
QHmrhti (gTm^bal), or GlniawUl (-balz), n. (Frob.
deriv. of L. gemeUtu twin.] A com-
bination of piTOted rings suspending
m barometer, ahip's compass, chro*
ncmeter, etc., so that it will remain
lerel when its support is tipped, as by
the rolling of a ship.
OimnhtotC-bWt) n. &v. Gimlet. _
Olm'oratik' (jlm'"kr«k'), n. [OB., CompMi hting in
pert pretender, prob. fr. gim neat -f Oimbais.
crock lad, boaster.] A trivial mechanism ; device ; toy.
aiml«t (gTmlfit), n. [OF. guimbelei, guibelet.} A
■mall tool for boring holes.
Olmp (gTmp), n. [OF. guimpe^ guimple^ a nun's
wimple, OHG. wimpai veil.] A narrow silk, woolen, or
cotton edging, for trimming dresses, furniture, etc.
Oln (jl^), n. [Gontr. fr. Geneva.'^ Liquor, distilled
from rye and barley, and flavored with juniper berries.
Oln, ». [Contr. of engine.} 1. Contrivance ; artifice ;
trap ; snare. 2. Machine for moving heavy weights. 3.
Machine for separating seeds from cotton. — f. /. To
clear (cotton, etc) of seeds.
Oln'ger Otn'iSr), n. [L. zingiber, fr. Gr. fiyyi/3<Di« ;
of Oriental origin.] 1. A plant of the East aiid West
Indi^ 2. Tlie hot and spicy rootstock of a species of
this plant, used in cookerv and in medicine. [ginger. I
Gill'ger-teMUl' (-br8dO« n* Sweet cake seasoned with |
Qiagartowd tros, the doom palm, whose fruit resembles
finserbread. — Oingerbrsad work, ornamentation of a
trivial or tawdry character.
Oln'car-ly, adv. [Prov. E. ginger brittle, tender.]
Cautiously; timidly; fastidiously; dahitily.
fllllg'lUUIl(gTng'am),n. [F.
guingcoi."] Cotton or linen cloth,
whose yam is dyed before it is
woven.
aill'MllfaTu's8ng),n. [Chi-
nese.] A Cliinese plant having
a valuable medicinal root.
Olp (JTp)> V' t- To take out
the entrails.of (herrings).
01p^(jTp'sy),«.&a. Gypsy.
Ol-ratt^ (jT-riif'), n. fsp.
gira/a^ it. Ar. zar&fa.'\ The
camelopard, a y^vj tall African
ruminant of the deer and ante-
lope kind.
Oir'an-doto (ITr'an-dSl), n.
[F. SeeGTRxn.] A chandelier.
OJi'a-MU ) UTr'A^,!!. [It.
Oir'a-Ml ) gircuoley F. gi-
rtuolf fr. L.. gyrare to turn
aroimd + 'o* sun.1 A variety
of opal usually milk white or
sky blue, but in a bright light
reflecting a reddish color.
Obd (gSrd), n. [See Yard a
mearanCl 1. A stroke with a
switch ; twinge ; pang. 2. A gibe ; sneer, ^v. t. & i.
To mock; to gibe.
Giraffe.
t
GM (gSrd), V. /. {imp. &p. p. Gist (girt) or Gntimo ;
p. pr. & vb. n. GiRDiNO. J [AS. gyrdan ; prob. akin to E.
rrd an inclosure.1 1. To encircle with a flexible band.
To make fast (clothing) with a girdle, bandage, etc
3. To surround. 4. To clothe ; to invest. 6. To equip.
Olxd'er, n. One who girds ; a satirist.
Olld'er, n. 1. One that girds or encircles. 2. A
horizontal beam to span an opening or carry weight.
Olr'dto (gSr'dU), n. [AS. gyrdel, fr. gyrdan. See
GatD, to encircle.] That which (nrdo or incloses ; belt.
—V. t. 1. To gird. 2. To inclose ; to shut in. 3. To
make a groove around (a tree, etc.) through the bark and
alburnum, thus killing it. lU. S.j
Olrl (k6' 1), n. LOE. girle ; cf . LG. g6r chUd.] 1. Fe-
male child ; young maiden. 2. Female servant. [(/. 8.^
- OlilliOOd, n. -OirMBh, a. - CMtFiili-llMl, n.
Olrt (g8rt), imp. & p. p. of GisD. [of. I
Oirt, V. t. To gird ; to encircle ; to measure the girth]
OiXUI (girth), n. [Icel. gj'drS girdle, or ger9 girth.]
1. A band encircling the body ; esp., one fastening a
saddle on a horse's back. 2. Circumfei«nce.
OlSt (JTst), n. [OF. gUte abode, lodgings, L. jacire^
prop., to be thrown, hence, to lie, fr. jacire to throw.]
The main point ; pith of a matter.
01t» (gt v), v. t. & i. limp. Gatb (riiv) ; p. p. Qvrms
:Iv"n) ; p. pr. & vb. n. GnriKO.] [AS. giYan, giefan.']
. To oestow without return; to grant (authority or
permission) ; to allow. 2. To deliver over (property, in
exchange for something) ; to pay. 3. To yield; to emit.
Syn. — To Give ; Coktbr ; Grant. — To give Is the
generic word, embracing all the rest. To confer was orig-
inallv used of persons in power, who grave permanent
privileges, and still denotes the giving of something
which might have been withheld. To grant is to give in
answer to a request, or to a dependent or inferior.
Gll'sard (gTz'zSrd), n. [F. gitier, L. gigeria^ cooked
entrails of poultry.] Muscular stomach of a bird, also
of invertebrate animals, insects, and mollusks.
OU'blOlll (glS'brtis), a. [L. glaber."] Smooth ; hav-
ing a surface without hairs or any unevenness.
CHa'oUI (-shal or -shT-al), a. \L. glaciulii, fr. glaeies
icej Pertaining to ice or its action ; frozen ; icy.
CHa'Ol^tt (-shT-at), V. i. [L. glaciare, -aium^ to freeze,
fr. glacieM.'] To turn to ice ; to freeze. — OlA'ol-AtlOll, n.
OU'cier (gla'shSr or glSa^-Sr), n. [F. glacier^ fr.
glace ice, L. glacie*.'\ A field of ice, formed in the region
of perpetual snow, and moving down a valley.
OlA'ds (Kla'sTs or gl&^&)0, n. [F.] A sloping bank.
OUld(gUd),a. [AS. ^/W bright, glad.] 1. Pleased;
happy. 2. Expressing or exciting joy.^
v. t. To make glad ; to cheer ; to gladden.
Syn. — Glad ; Dkliohtkd ; GaATimD ;
pleased ; exhilarated : animated ; happy ;
clieerful ; joyous ; joyful ; cheering ; exhil-
arating ; pleasing ; animating. — Delighted
expresses a higher degree of pleasure than
glad. Oratijiedreten to a pleasure conferred
y some human agent.
OUd'don (elSd'd'n), V. t. & i. To rejoice.
Glade (glad), n. [Prob. of Scand. origin.]
Open paasage through a wood; a cleared
siMice in a forest.
aiadl-Att (KlSdT-Itt), a. [L. gladiiu
sword.] Sword-shaped, as the leaf of the
iris or gladiolus.
aUdl-A'tor (-a^tir), n. [L., fr. aladiv*.}
1. A swordplayer ; one who fought in pul lie.
2. One who engares ha controversy.— Olad'-
i^-to^-Al (-A-tJj'rT-oi), Olad'iA-toMan, a.
aU-dl'0-llUl(gl^di'»-m»),n. [L.] 1. A
plant having bulbous roots and gladiate
leaves; com flag; sword lily. 2. Middle
portion of the sternum in some animals.
OUday (gUW'iy), adv. [From glad, a,]
With pleasure ; joyfully ; cheerfully ; eagerly.
f^rOf recent, 6rb, r^de, f^U, Om, food, f<rot, out, oil, chair, |^>, aiufE, i^k, ttien, thin,
GLADNESS
248
GLOBULE
(glKd'oSs), n. Pleasure ; cheerfnltiwi
K<«fiin), a. X. Pleased ; cheerluL 2. Pleaa-
OM-lyf odv.
n. [F.glaire.'] 1. The white of e^ ; —
with
Qlalr (glir), n. [F. glaire.} 1. The white of e^ ; —
used as a glase in bookbindiog, for pastry, etc. 2. Ai
▼isooos, transparent substance. >» v. /. To sm
the white of an egg. — CHall'^-oas, Olalr'y, a.
GUbM (glius), n. [Akju to D. <Sfe 8w. glaru luster,
O. alaru.'} X A sudden flash of light or splendor. 2.
Quick cast of the eyes ; glimpse. 3. Passing thought or
allusion. 4. Name for some sulphides haviug a briUiant
metallic luster.— v. i. 1. To shine; to flash. 2. To
strike and fly off in an oblique direction. 3. To snatch
a hasty Tiew. 4. To allude ; to hint. 6. To twinkle.
1— V. t. To shoot or dart suddenly or obliquely.
OllBd (glSnd), ft. [L. glantf fiandU, acom.l 1. An
organ for secreting something to be usod in, or eliminated
from, the body, or from plants. 2. The movable part of
a stuffing box izk machinery.
Olaa'dtra (glln'dSn), n. [Fr. gland. ] A contagious
disease of horses, mules, etc., with a discharge from the
nose, and enlargement of the glands of the lower jaw.
CHan-dlf cr-OIUl (-dTfSr-fis), a. [L. glandi/er ; glans^
gtandit + ferre to bear.] Bearing nuts.
01llldl4oni (glindT-fOrm), a. [h. glms, gUmdU +
'formJ] Formed like a nut ; resembling a glaud.
OUa'dn-lar (glinMfl-lir; 40), a. Containing, con-
sisting of, or pertaining to, ghuids. [gland. |
OlUI'dlll* (-dfll; «)), n. [L. glandula.^ A smaU|
OUa'dn-lOU (-dttlas), a. [L. gkmduUuu*.} Con-
taining glands ; consisting of, or resembling, glands.
II GUns (glXns), n. ; pi. Olamdm (gllnMSs). [L. 8ee
Olavd.] 1. The vascular body forming the apex of the
penis and extremity of the clitoris. 2. Acorn.
Glare (glftr), v. t [Cf. AB. glmr amber, LO. glaren
to glow.] 1. To shine with dauling light. 2. To stare
fiercely. 8. To be ostentatiously splendid or gay. >»r. /.
To shoot out (dastUng Ught). — n. L A dassling light.
2. A fleroe stare. 3. A viscous, transparent sub«it%iice.
4. A smooth, glassy surface ; as, s glare of ice. [U. 8.]
Glar'lllg, a. Notorious ; open and bold ; barefaced.
GUm (gUs), n. [OB. ; akin to D., G., & Icel. glas.}
1. A hard, brittle, and commonly transparent substance,
made by fusing sand or silica with lime, potash, soda,
or lead oxide, and used for window panes and mirrors,
articles of table use, for lenses, etc. 2. Anything made of
glass : {a) A mirror, (b) A vessel filled with running sand
for measuring time ; hourglass, (c) A drinking vessel or
goblet ; contents of such a vessel ; spirituous liquors.
{d) An optical glass; lens; spyglass; — in pi. specta-
clen. (e) A weatherglass ; barometer. -* v. /. To glase.
GUMfhil (glAs'fyl), n. / pi. Olasstulb (-f?lx). Coo-
tents of a glass ; as much as a glass will hold.
gUSB^-IMM, n. Tlie quality of being glassy.
llM'Wara' (-wtrO, n. Articles made of glass.
GUU^ i'Sh a. 1. Made of gUtas; vitreous. 2. Re-
sembling glass in smoothness, brittleness. transparency,
etc. 3. Dull ; wanting life or fire ; — said of the eyes.
II GUn-OO'nia (glft-kS^irA), n, [L., fr. Or. y\avKmfia,
fr. y\avi€6i light gray.l Dimness of sight, with a hard
inel^Mtic condition of the eyeball.
GUa'COns (-kfis), a. [L. glauetts. Or. yXavK6i.} 1. Of
a sea-green color. 2. Covered with fine white powder
easily rubbed off, as that on a plum or a cabbage leaf.
GUM Orla"), V. I. [OE. glasen, glmen, fr. glajt. See
Glass.] 1. To furnish (a window, house, sash, etc.) with
glus. 2. To overlay with a thin surface of glass ; to
render smooth or glossy. >»r. i. To become glased or
glassy. — n. 1. Vitreous coating of pottery or porcelain.
2. Broth boiled to a gelatinous paste.— QtuafWy n.
GYaltor (glS'zhSr), n. One who sets glass.
GlasinK (elacTng), n. 1. A setting glass ; the cover-
ing with a vitreous substance, or rendering glossy. 2. The
glass set in a sash, frame, etc 3. Glasslike substsnce
4. Tnuofpaient
with which any surface is overlaid,
colors passed thinly over other colors.
GlMin (glSm), n. [AS. o/jem.] 1. A shoot of Ught ;
beam; ray; glimpse. 2. Brightneas; splendor. — r. «.
At. 1. To shoot or dart (rays of light). 2. To shine.
8yn. - To Olbam : GuMMtt : Outtbb. — To gleam de-
notes a faint but distinct emiseiou of light. To glimmer
describes an indistinct and unsteady givii^ of light. Tb
glUter imporU a brightness that is intense, but varying.
Qlmmy, a. Darting beams of light ; flashing.
Glaaa (glfa), v. t. a i. [LL. glenare; cf. W. gtan
dean, or AS. gelm^ ailm^ a handful.] To gather after a
reaper ; to collect with minute labor, or by degrees. — a.
A collection made by gleaning. — GlMB'cr, n.
Gl«b« (gl8b), n. TF. £^6e, L. p/<6a clod, solLI LA
lump. 2. Turf ; sod. 3. land belonging to a cbnrch.
GlM (gl8), n. [AS. gle6w.'] 1. Joy; mirth. 2. An
unaccompanied part song for three or more voices.
Glaafral, GIm^MOM. a. Merry ; joyous.
Gl««t (gl8t^, n. [OB. glette, glat, mucus, pus, fllth,
OF. ffitte.\ A transparent mucous discharge from tbe
uretkra. — v. i. To flow or oose, as gleet. — CHM'Ft a.
QtVm (gl8n), n. [Cf. W. glyn, Gael, gleann vsUey,
gleu.l A narrow valley ; dale; deprension between hiUs.
Wb (fflTb), a. [D. glibberm to slide, glibbeHg slip,
pery.l Speaking or spoken smoothly and with flippant
rapidity ; voluble. — CHIbly, adv. — Glll»^e«, n.
oyn. — Slippery ; smooth ; fluent ; voluble ; flippant.
GUd« (gild), r. i. [AS. glldan ; prob. akin to B. glad.]
To move smoothly, —n. 1. A moving smoothly, swift-
ly, and without obstruction. 2. A transitional sound
in speech.
Gllm'm«r (glTm^mSr), v. i. [Akin to O. glimmer a
faint light, mica, glimmem to glimmer, gtimmen to shine
faintly, glow. See Olkam.] To give feeble ravs of light
— n. 1. A faint, unsteady light ; a gleam. 2. Mica.
Syn. — To gleam ; to glitter. See Olkam, Flash.
GUm'niar-llIC, n. l. a glimmer. 2. An inkling.
OllnUMM (glims), n. [For glimee^ fr. root of glim-
mer.'] L A sudden flash ; transient luster. 2. A short,
hurried view. 3. A faint idea; inkling.— v. ^ To ap-
pear by glimpses. >» r. /. To catch a gampse of.
GUs'ten (glTs^'n), r. i. [AS. glitian, glimian, akin to
E.glMer.'] To sparkle or shine ; to gleam.
Syn. — See Flash.
Gll8't«r (glTa't^r), v. <. [Akin to O. 0/i««mi.] To be
bright; to 8p:irkle ; to glisten.— n. Glitter; luster.
Gutter (glTf tSr), v. i. [OK.] 1. To gleam. 2. To
be showy or striking. — n. Showy luster ; brilliancy.
Syn. — To glisten ; to sparkle. See Olbam, Flash.
Gloam (g15m), V. i. To begin to grow dark.
Gloam'mc, n. [See Gloom.] Twilight ; dusk.
Gloat (gist), V. i. [Akin to Icel. gloUa."] To gase ear*
nextly, or with malignant satisfaction, lust, or avarice.
GlolNitO (glS^tt), la. [L.^/o60re,-&a/uiii,tomake
GloHa-ted (-bt-tfid), ( hito a baU, fr. globus baU.]
Having the form of a globe ; spherical.
Globe (glSb), n. [L. globus.] 1. A round or spher-
ical bodv, solid or hollow; ball; sphere. 2. Anything
nearly globular in shape ; as, the globe of the eye. 3. The
earth. 4. A round model of the earth or
heavens.
Stu. Gr^DR l Sfhikbi; Oan: R^tJ:.. —
i^itiiif d^nK'Jti^A rouiiil, uuJ nttuifcM3f a «uiid
bod jr -, itphftr ill apiitiud in a»tronamy to such
a bwi J' ; nrh in umu for Kkib*^ or cuhcre, alM
frir l}ip iwithwHy of n h^'Sit^nly body ; hnfl
if, A\\\t\\y'<,\ to heavenly biHlJ«ft as luitselli^l
thp'uirli AjJic*-
(}ia bofl^t' Ci?iA^bfiA'>, GloiHnu (gio^d^^,
Glotj'iiiir (uldif'triST), fl, SjjbcTical."
Glo bofilly i(,-lA.b&KT-t|). n.
Globule Ul^ti'fll^t n, [L. glfibtthijf^^\\n.
of \f(tihMJi.\ 1. A littlr globe ; itnaltapb^r-
it ,iL iwrtid? uf m^Ltti-TH 2^ BCluut^ apb^ri^cal structure ;
a, 9, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, 0, 1, 5, ft, t, ahoit ; aenAte, tveat, tdea, 6bey, finite, oAre, ttnn, Ask, ||ll,fimiL
GLOBULOUS
249
GNOMON
aa blood, lymph, and piu oorpuaclss, minute fungi, ■pore3,
etc a Little piU or peUet.
Oltib^lOUS (gl5ytt-liLi), a. Globular.
GIOBl'cr-Alt (Kl5m'Sr-ttj, a. [L. glomerare, -ahtrnj to
glomerate, fr. glomtu.'] Gathered to-
gether in a roundish maas or denae
cluster ; conglomerate. ^~v. I. & i. To
gather into a ball ; to collect into a
apherical maaa, aa threada.
OlMB'cr-aliOB (-S^shOn), n. 1. A
gathering into a ball or round maaa;
oonfflomeration. 2. A ball.
CHoom (glo5m), n. [AS. gldm."] L
Partial or total darkueaa ; thick shade ;
obscuritv. 2. A gloomy or dark place.
3. Cloudineas of mind ; melancholy ; low splrita.
Syn. — IHmneaa; duUneaa; depreaaion ; melancholy;
dejection ; sadneaa. See DARVsnes.
— r. <• 1. To appear obacarely or Imperfectly ; to glim-
mer. 2. To become dim ; to be diamal, gloomy, or aad.
— r. /. 1. To obactire. 2. To make sad or sullen.—
Gloom'T, a. — Oloom'My, adv. — QloomlnMi, n.
aiO'll-fi-oatlfUl(glS'rT-n-ka'Bli{ln), n. 1. A glorifying
or giTing glory ta 2. State of being glorified.
QlxM-Tf (-fi), V. t. [L. gloriflcare: gloi-ia glory -f
-/Icare (in comp.) to make.] L To bestow glory, honor,
or distinction upon. 2. To ascribe glory to ; to adore.
OIO^MhOOB (-o^), a. [OF., fr. L. ^/onojTM.] Exhibiting
attributea or acts worthy of glory ; noblo ; splendid ; in-
apiring admiration. — Glo'rI-oaB-ly, adv.
Sjm. — Eminent ; noble ; renowned ; grand : splendid.
GlO'lry (-rj^), n. [OF. glorie, gloire, fr. L. gloria.'[ 1.
Praise, admiration, or distinction, accorded to a person
or thing. 2. That which gives renown ; occasion of
praise ; brilliancy ; aplendor. 3. Manifestationsof thedi-
rine nature and favor to tho bleased in heaven ; heaven.
— r. i. To exult ; to boast ; to be proud.
OlOW (gl8a), n. [Gf. IceL glotri blaze, glyt finery.]
1. Brightuasa or luster of a smooth surface ; polish. 2.
Specious appearance ; auperflcial show. — v. t. To give a
aoperficial luster or gloss to.
OlOSB, n. [L. glossa^ fr. Or. yXuaaa tongue, word
needing explanation.] 1. An interpretation. 2. A false
or specious expUuiation. — v. I. 1. To illustrate ; to an-
notate. 2. To palliate by specious explanation. •»«.«.
1. To explain. 2. To make (Ay insinuations.
11 QlOWMl (glSysA), 11. [NL., fr. Gr. yKitaaa tongue.]
Tongue, or lingua, of an ioae.-t. — OlOS'ial, a.
OlM'Sl-iy (-s4-rj^), n. [L. glossarium^ fr. giosM,"]
A collection of glosses or explanations of wor.ls an.i pas.
aagea; dictionary of a work, author, dialect, art, etc.
— Ol08^M'rl-al (-w'rT-<il), a. - OlM'M-Tlst, n.
OlOV-Md'^-gy (-aSrfi-jy), n. [Gr. yXiaaa + -logy.'l
1. Definition of terms ; a glojaary. 2. Science of lan-
guage. — OlOS-loro-gtlt (-jTst), n.
Qlouy (glSj^), a. 1. Having gloaa; shining; lua-
trona. 2. Smooth ; specious ; plausible.
OlOttlB (glSt'tls), n. [NL., fr. Gr. vAwttk, yA»»<r<riV,
f r. -yAMrro, yAw<rcra, tongue.] Opening from the pharynx
into the larynx 3r into the trachea.
Glore (glBv), n. [AS. gld/.] A cover for the hand,
with a separate sheath for each finger. — r. /. To cover
with a glove. — GlOT'er. n.
Glow (glS). V. i. [AS. /7'd<r<in.] 1. To shine with in-
tense heat. 2. To be bright or red with heat, anima-
tion, blushes, etc. 3. To feel hot, as from friction, exar-
<*Lae, etc. ; to bum. 4. To be animttA«l by intense lovp,
seal, anger, etc. ; to raire. — n. 1. White or red heat ;
incandescence. 2. Brightness of color ; rosy flnnh. 3.
Int«(nse excitement or eamefftness ; ardor. 4. Warmth.
GlOW^T (glon'Sr), r. «. To stare angrily.
GlOW^'WOClll' (glS'wiirm^), n. A coIeoptArotis insect
whose wingless femalea and larvae emit light from the
abdominal segments.
Glon (glSi)t V. i. [F. gl4>»er. See GuNt, expkma-
lioii.] 1. To flatter; to talk smoothly. 2. To give a
specious meaning; to misinterpret.— r. /. To pdliate.
— n. Flattery; adulation.
Glue (glu), n. [L. p/iM, akin to gluten^ fr. aluere to
draw toother.] Hard gelatine, obtained by boiling to a
jelly ammals' skins, hoofs, etc., — used aa a cement.—
V. t. To join with glue or a viscoua aubatanoe ; to fix or
fasten.
GllM'pot' (-pOtO, n. A utensil for melting glue.
Gla'oy (-^), a. Viscous; glutinous ; like glue.
Glum (glum), a. Moody ; silent ; sullen.
Glumo (glum), n. [L. gluma hull, husk, fr. glubere
to bark or peel.] Bracte^ covering of the
tion ; over abundance. 3. A clog ; a wedge. _,
Gln'ten (glu't«n), n. [L., glue.1 The vis- «>"«»«•
cid, tenaoioua substance giving adheaivenaaa to dough,
and a nutritioua element of food.
Glntl-liatO (-tT-nSt), V. t. [L. glutinare^ -aium^ to
glue, fr. gluten."] To unite with glue ; to cement ; to
stick together. —Gln'tl-IUtlOII, n. — Gllltl-IU-tlT«, a.
Gln'tl-IIOIIB (-nfi)), a. [L. glutinonUf fr. gluten.]
1. Of the nature of glue ; gluey. 2. Having a sticky
aurface. — Gla'tl-llOIUhllOM, n.
Glnt'ton (gl&t't'u), n. [L. gluto, gluito. See Glut.]
1. One who eats voraoioualy; a gonnandiier. 2. A
camivoroua mammal ; the wolverine. — a. Gluttonous ;
greedy. — Glllt'tOll-OIW, a. — CHat'ton-y , n.
Glyc/MT-ln, Glyc/MT-lno (glTs^r-In), n. [F. ; fr. Gr.
?f\vMfi6%t yAvKi^, sweet.] An oily, viscoua liquid exiit-
ng in natural fats and oils aa the base, combhied witli
varioua acids, as oleic, margaric, stearic, and palmitic ;
— rtlAQ rallwi pfvcfri>l — Gly-omr'iO (glT-s<r^k), a.
Qlypll (fEltf ). 1*. [Ht. yAv^iy carving, fr. yAv^u^ to
carvi, ] In architectun^ % auuken channel or g^'oove.
Ol^pliiQ, 'I. r^^TtiEiiiiig to sculpture or carving.
Olvp'tl^(l(lfp'tTlKKex. 1. Pertaining to gem engraving.
2. i^i^iJV'l ; iDArict^i As nHth figuToa. [stones.!
Dlrp'tlOS (4Thpi), n. Art of engraving on precious |
Onarl I Eiiri )^ r. t Tr < <rowl ; to snarl.
Oiiiri . ,". A itrj. r i4t IS . )od. — Gnulfldf Gnul'y. a.
LmmmJiik {i.J^tt}t I. i. [Cf. Iccl. gnostofi a gnashing,
gnUla to gnash.] To strike (the teeth) together, aa m
anger or pain. — v. t. To grind the teetli.
Gnat (nXt), n. [AS. gnmt.\ 1. A blood-sucking dip-
terous fly, undergoing a meta- < . j ^ h. i a»
morphosis in water ; — in Amer- i^V 11^ y^ ^11
ica called mosquito. 2. An '^ Wv CilB
American amall biting fly, as tho f^ ^
buffalo gnat, black fly, etc.
GlUiW(nft),r.^ IAS. gnagan.] *•>
1. To bite (Homething hard); to
nibble at. 2. To bite in agony or
rage. 3. To corrode; to f ret Enmp#snOn«t(0'/.'rr.7.
away ; to waste. — r. t. To use the intn) A Msle n Month
teeth in biting. — Gliaw'«r, ». Vr^W ' l>W"»n • ' /'
Gnel«i(ni»),n. [O.] Acrvs- M»xillsryPaIpi,aa Aiv
tall in e rock, coiifiisthig, like **""■•
granite, of quarts, feldsp-^r, and mica, but breaking into
coarse slabs or flags. — GlMlS'flO, CtafllS'Mid, a.
Gnome (nSm), n. [F. ; prob. fr. Gr. yytintty guardian.]
1. A fabled dweller in the inner parts of the earth, pna
r>rdian of mines, quarries, etc. 2. A dwarf ; goblin.
A small owl of the Western United SUtea.
GnO'mOll (nS'mSn), n. [Or. yvw^uair one that knowf,
index of a sundial.] 1. Style or pin of a dial, whoM
shadow ahowa the hour of the day. 2. Space included
f 8m, recent, 6rb» ryde, f yll, Ikm, food, fdbt, out, oil, oludr, 90, aing, ink, then, thin.
GNOSTIC
260
GONORRHCEA
between the boundary Unee of two aimUar panllelogn&nfl,
one within the other, e,
with an angle in com-
mon ; as, the gnomon
bed^got the parallel-
ogramaocandi^. Tb»
parallelogram bf u
the complement of
the parallelogram df.
Oncwllo (nSe'tTk),
n. [Or. fmarucoi aa»
gacioUB, 1 r. ytyyw^Kcty
to know.] One of an Gnomon.,
ancient aect who
claimed a true interpretation of Christianity. — a. Per-
taining to the Onoetics or Onoeticiim. — OttOfl^-oiim, n.
Omi (nu), n. [Hottentot.] A large South African
antelope, haring a mane and buahytail« and curved home
in both oezea ; the wildebeest. [Written also ^noo.l
Ckl (g5), V. i. [imp. Wiirr (w8nt) ; p. p. Ooks (gOn) ;
p.pr.& vb. n. OoDTO. Went comes fr. AS, wendan. See
WEND, V. f.] [AS. gan^ akin to O. gehn^ gehen.] 1. To
pass from one place to another ; to proceed. 2. To move
step by step ; to walk. 3. To be passed on from one to
another ; to circulate ; to be taken or regarded. 4. To
fare ; to turn out. 6. To tend toward a result, conse-
quence, or product ; to conduce ; to contribute. 6. To
undertake. 7. Topass(oTer or through) in mind. 8. To
pass away ; to depart ; — opp. to stag and come. 9. To
be lost or mined ; to perish ; to die. 10. To nach ; to
extend ; to lead. 11. To have recourse ; to reeort. — r. /.
1. To take (a share in an enterprise) ; to beoome respon-
sible for. a. To bet. [Cottoa.]
0<Mld(g8d),fi. [A8.^5</.] Pointed instrament to urge
on a beast — tr. ^ To prick ; to urge forward, rouse by
anything pungent, or stimulate.
Syn. —To urge ; i
> urge ; arouse ; irriute : incite ; instigate.
Goal (gSl), n. [F. gauie pole.] L Point aimed at in
a race, or where a Journey is to end. 2. Final purpose
or Aim. 3. A base, station, or bound, in various games.
Ooat (gSt), n. [AS. gat; aUn to D. ^b Icel. geit, G.
|7«M, gOAt.] A hollow-homed mminant of many coun-
tri«s and varieties, akin to the sheep. [goat's. I
Goaf**' (gS'tSO. n. A man's beard trimmed like a|
Goatlltrd' (-hSrdO. n. One who tends gonta.
Oob (g9b), n. [OF. gob morsel ; Gael. A Ir. gob mouth,
•nnut.] The mouth. [Prov. Enq. or Loir]
Q^VVkb (g»ba)n), r.t.&U [Freq. of gob.^ L To
swallow greedily ; to gulp. 2. To utter (a sound) like a
turkey cock. -^n. A noise made in the throat.
G<A»lll«r (•bl2r), n. A tnrkey cock.
Go'-be-tweeil' (gybJ-twSnO, «. Broker ; procurer.
O0bl«t (gSbaet), n. {¥.gobdei.1 A kind of cup hav-
ing a foot, but no handle.
WH/Vta (-ITn|, n. [OB. & F. gobflin, LL. gobeiinu*,
fr. Or. icofiaXiK knave, a mischievous goblin ; or cf. G. <&
E. kobold^ Armor. gobUin ignis fatuus, gobUu.] A mis-
chievous spirit or malicious elf ; phantom ; gnome.
QtZ-hJ' (K5^IOt n. Intentional neglect.
Go'oart' (g9'kiirt')t n. A framework moving on cast-
ers, to support ctiildren learning to walk.
Ood (gOd), n. [AS. ; akin to D. god^ G. gott.} L A
being possessing supernatural power ; a divinity ; an ob-
ject of worship ; an idol. 2. The Supreme Being ; the
Creator and Sovereign of tlie universe ; Jehovah.
Ood'Ohlld' (gWchndO, n. One for whom a person
becomes sponsor i^ baptiam ; godson or go<1dsughter.
Ood'dangll'ter (-dft/tSr), n. A female godchild.
Ood'dMI (-dSa), n. 1. A female deity. 2. A woman
of superior charms or excellence.
Oodta'thcr (-fli'thSr), n. A man who becomes sponsor
for a child at baptism.
Oodliead (-hSd), n. 1. Godahip: deity; dirinity;
godhood. 2. The Deity ; Ood ; the Supreme Being.
OodHMMd (g0dnid6d>, fi. Divine natore or •sseaoe.
OodltM, a. Having, or acknowledging, no Ood ; with-
out reverence for Ood ; impious ; wicked.
Oodllks' (-lik'), a. Resembling or befitting a god or
Ood ; divine ; preeminently good.
Oodly, a. Pious ; reverencing Ood ;
Piously ; righteously. — Qodli-liass, n,
Qoa*mmh*W (-mfith^r), n. A woman who
sponsor for a child in baptism.
Ood'MBd' (•sSnd'), fi. SomeUdng sent by Ood ; an
unexpected aoquisitiou or piece of good fortone.
Ood'ahip, n. Deity ; divhiity ; a god or goddsM.
Ood'aOB" (-stina n. A male godchUd.
Ood'apaad' (-spSd' ), n. Success ; prosperooa joomey-
ing ; — contr. of the phrase, *' God speed yon."
Ooffar (gSf 'fir), «. t. To gauffer ; to plait or arimn,
Ooi'gleig5g'gU)fV-<- [Cf.lr.&OaeL^anod.] To
roll the eyes ; to stare. — a. Full and rollmg, or staring ;
— said of the eyes. — n. 1. A rolling of tlte eye. 2. pL
Spectacles for protecting the eyes from cold, dust, etc.
Gofinc (gSang), fi. 1. A moving in any manner.
2. Departure. 3. pi. Course of life ; doings ; ways.
Ooltar ) (goitdr), n. [F. goitre^ L. guitur throat,
Ool'tra ) tumidum guttur goiter.] A swelling of the
glands of the throat. — Ooltarad, Ooltiad (-tdrd), Oof-
Drona (-trfia), a.
QQld (gOld ), n. [OB. & AS. gold.} 1. A metallic ele-
ment, the most precious metal used as a commercial me*
dium of exchange. It is one of the heaviest substances
known, is soft, and very malleable and ductile. 2.
Money ; wealth. 3. A yellow color, like that ot the metaL
Oold fSsiL thin sheets of gold, as uced by dentists and
others. — Gold leaf, gold beaten into a film much thinner
than gold foil, and used for gilding, etc
QQld'en (gSld^'n), a. 1. Made of gold. 2. Having
the color of gold. 3. Very precious, [yellow flowers.!
Ckdd'ail-fOd' (-rBdOt n. A tall herb bearing clustered |
QQldHnoll' (-flncV), n. (a) A bright-colored European
finch, having a large patch of yel-
low on the vdngs. \b) The yellow-
hammer, (e) A small American
finch: the thlsUe bird.
Ooldllall' (-fTsha n. (a) A
small cyprinoid fish, named from '
its color, and often kept as an
ornament in ponds or glass globes.
(6) A Califomia marine fish of an
orange or red color ; the garibaldL
QwVwmhhf (-smTthO* n. An artisan wha manu-
factures vessels, ornaments, etc., of gold.
aolf(g51f).n. [D.iK^cIuborbat.] A Scottish gmmo
played with a small ball and a bat, or dub, crooked aft
the lower end.
OOB'dO-la (gSn'd^U), n. [It., dim. of gonda a gon-
dola ; cf. LL. gandeia kind of boat.] L A kind of boat
used in the canals of Venice. 2. In the United States, a
flat-bottomed boat for freight 3. A long platform oar,
used on railroads.
Goil'do-liar' (-d^lSrM, n. Rower of a gondola. _
Oona (j?8n), p. p. of Go.
Oong (g5ng), n. 1. [Malayan
(Jav.) gbng.] A metallic disk /
with upturned rim, produdnff,
when struck, a harsh and resound- '
hig noise. 2. A flat saucerlike bell,
rang by a small luunmer.
Cto'nl-om'a-tar (g5'nT-5ra'l-
t3r), n. [Or. y^vta angle -f-
-meter.l Instrument for measur- Gon« S.
ing angles, esp. angles of crystals, ^'
or inclination of planes. — Oo'lll-ailt'a-try, n.
Gon'or-rha'a UgSn'Sr-rfA), n. [Qr. yw6ftpotm\yoti^
Oon'or-rhA'a t semen, the genitals -\- pcciv to flow.j
A contagious disease of the genito-urinary tract.
right-colored European
European Qoldflneh
iCardnelh clegam).
m 8, 1, 9, a, long ; ft, fi, I. 5, A, % short ; sanAte, «vent^ tdea, 6bey , finite, cftre, iirm, »sk, f^l, flnoi
GOOD
251
GOUGE
CkMd (gd6d), a. iCwnpar. Brrnn (bSt^tSr) ; mperl.
Barr (bSst), from a different root.] [AS. g6d^ akin to
O. gut,^ a Poeaeflfling desirable qualities ; useful ; fit ;
excellent; not bad, evil, noxious, etc. 2. Virtuous;
pioos. 3. Kind ; beneTolent. 4. Berriceable ; of use.
6. Clerer; dextermu; ready; handy. 6. Adequate;
Talid ; of unimpaired credit. 7. Real ; serious. 8. Not
insignificant ; considerable. 9. Not deficient ; complete.
10. Not blemished or impeached ; fair ; unsullied.
For good, or For good and all, completely sad finally ;
tvXLj ; truly. - Good Friday, the Friday of Holy Week,
kept as a fast, in memory of our Sivior's passion or suffer-
ing; snniTersary of the crucifixion. — Good hunor, or
Ooed-hamor, a cheerful or pleasant temper. — Good nators,
or Oood-Batva, habitual mildness of temper or disposition :
amiability. —Good speed, good luck ; godspeed ; — an old
form of wishing success. -^ Good wUL (a) Banevolence ;
Undly feeling. (6) The custom of any trade or busmess.
—ft. 1. That which possesses desirable qualities, pro-
motes welfare orhi^pinessy is serviceable, fit, kind, etc. ;
— opp. to etfU, 2. Advancement of interest or happi-
ness ; prosperity ; benefit ; —opp. to harm^ etc. 3. pi.
Wares : chattels. « adv. Well ; equally welL
Oood'-by' ) (-biOt n. or inierj. [Gontr. of God be
Oood'-toy©'} ••* ' "
_,_ , uftihye.'] FarewelL
Oood'-llll'niond (-hu'mSrdor-u'mSrd), a,
Having a
cheerful spirit ; good-tempered. See Oood-natubso.
GoodllUI, a. Rather good ; not bad ; tolerable.
Goodly t a. [AS. gddlie."] 1. Pleasant; desirable.
8. Of pleasing appearance or character; comely. 3.
Large; considerable ; portly.— Qood'U-lMSS, n.
Oood'-nAaarod (-nS'tttrd), a. NaturaUy mild in
temper ; not easily provoked.
Syn* — Oood-natukbd; Good - tbmpkrbd ; Oood-rit-
MOBSD. — Good-naturtd denotes a disposition to please
and be pleased. Oood-tempered denotes a Iiabit of mind
not MUiJy ruflied by disturbing influences. Oood-humored
is applied to a qrfrit full of ease and cheerfulness.
Oood'lMMIi n. Quality of being good.
Oood'-tom'pared (-tSm'pSrd), a. Oood-natured.
GooO-COOd'y (gd6d'j^-ffd6d/j^), a. Mawkishly good ;
exhibiting goodness with silliness. ICollog.']
OOOM (gSSe), n. ; »/. Obsk (gSs). [AS. g9s, pi. ^?*.]
1. A large web-footed bird of many genera and countrieti.
2. A trior's smoothing iron, whose handle resembles
the neck of a goose. 3. A silly creature ; simpleton.
OOOOOT>or-IT (g«8«'b8r-ry or gees'-), n. [OF. groisete. ]
A thorny shrub bearing edible berries.
Oo'^hor (gS'fSr), n. [F. gaufre wafBe, honeycomb.
Bee Oavftbb.] 1. One of several North American bur-
rowing rodents of various Idnds ; — called pocket gopher^
pcuef^ rat, striped prairie squirrel, leopard marmot,
and leopard spermophile. 2. A lai^e burrowing land
tortoise of the Southern United States. 3. A large bur-
rowing snake of the Southern United States.
Oo^ihor wood' ^wd6d'). [Heb. gOoher.l A wood
used in constructing Noah*s ark lOen. vi. 141.
g CklTdl-a^oe-ft (gOr'dT-a'sh*-*), n. pi. [NL.] A di-
vision of nematoid worms, including the hairworms or
hair eels.
Oor'dl-All, a, 1. Pertainmg to Gordius,, king of
Phrygis^ or to a Icnot tied by him ; intricate ; compli-
cated ; mextricable. 2. Pertaining to the Qordiacea.
R Oor'dl-Ui (-tiB), n. [NL.] A genus of long nema-
t<^ worms, par- .^— %0>^v
asitic in insects ^. ^^^ fW
untU near matu- ,^Sy/W^ vJ il B
rity, when they ^ "y
leave the insect, V«^
?iliL^ w^!!!^; M«^« Oordlus (<7. rariuM). JJTsIl of male,
where theydepoBit much enlarged,
eggs ; — c s 1 1 e d
also httir eel, hairworm, and hnirsfiake, from the vulgar
notion that they are metamorpho»ed horsehairs.
Ooro(g8r),n. [AS. (Tor dirt.] Blood, esp. when clotted.
Qoro, n. [AS. gara angular point of land, fr. g&r ipear.]
L A wedge-shaped piece sewed into a garment, sail, etc.,
to widen a particular part. 2. Triangular piece of land.
— V. /. 1. To pierce, as with a horn or spear ; to stab.
2. To cut in a triangular form ; to piece with a gore.
GorgO (gOrj), n. [F. ; LL. gorgia throat, gorga abyss.]
1. Tlie throat ; gullet. 2. Narrow passage or entrance ;
defile between mountains ; entrance into an outwork of
a fort. 3. That which is gorged or swallowed. 4. A
choking of a passage by an obstruction. ^ r. /. & i. 1. To
swallow greedily. 2. To glut; to satiate.
Oor'KOOIUI (gdr'jliB), a. [OF. gorgias.) Showy ; fine ;
magnificent. — 0<VgOOIIS-ly , adv. — QOTKOOIUi-IIOM, n.
Oor'get (-j6t), n. [OF. oorgete, dim. of gorge throat.]
L Armor for the throat. 2. A surgeon's cutting instru-
ment.
CNVgon (-g5n), n. [Gr. ropyw, fr. yopyit terrible.]
1. One of three mythological sisters whose appearance
turned the beholder to stone. 2. Anythinff rerv horrid.
Oo-rll1a (gt-rTllA), n. [African name. J A large and
fierce arboreal antliropoid
ape of West Africa.
Oor'maiid ( ^ '
n. [F. gourn
greedy eater; "
Oor'&uuiid-L .
To eat ravenously. — Oor'-
mand-I'MT, n.
Ckme (g6rs), n. [OB.
& AS. gorst."] Furze.
QotyigHr^na. l-Cov-
ered with gore. 2. Bloody;
murderous.
Chw'luiwk' (gSsHiftk'),!
n. [ AS. gOsKa/uc, lit., |
goosehawk.j A large hawk
of powerful flight, and great
activity and courage.
Ooolinc (gSx'lTng), n.
[AS. g9s goose + Mng.}
Young or unfledged goose.
Ooa'pel(g5s'pSl).n.
[AS. godspell; god Ood -f-
spell story, tale.] 1. Olad tidings; the good news oon-
ceminff Christ, the Kingdom of Ood , and salvation. 2. One
of the four narratives of Christ's life, written by Matthew,
Mark, Luke, and John. 3. A selection from one of the
gospeU, used in a religious service. 4. System of doctrine.
— <7. Accordant with, or relating to, the gospel.
Ooa'tM-mor (-sA-mSr), n. [Perh. for goose summer,
fr. its downv appearance, or perh. for God^s summer,]
1. A fine, filmy substance, like cobwebs, floating in the
air. 2. A gauzelike fabric ; thin waterproof stuff.
Ooo'Sip (-sTp), n. [OE. gossih, godsih, a sponsor in
baptism, AS. goasihh, fr. ^od Ood -f- »il> alliance, relation.]
1. A sponsor; godfather or godmother. 2. One who
runs from house to house, telling news. 3. Tattle. — r. i.
L To prate. 2. To run about and tell idle tales.
Got (gSt), imp. &p. p. of Orr.
OoOl (goth), n. [L. Gothi, pL] L One of a Teutonic
race, who overran the Roman empire. 2. A barbarian.
Oothlo (g5thmc), a. L Pertaining to the Goths;
rude ; barbarous. 2. Pertaining to a style of architecture
with pointed arches, steep roofs, and great height in pro-
portion to other dimensions. •» n. 1. Language of the
Ooths. 2. A square-cut tvpe, with no hair lines.
CF"This is Nonpareil GOTHIC.
3. Qothic architecture.
Oothl-dsm (-T-sTz'm), n. 1. A Gothic idiom. 2.
Conformity to Gothic architecture. 3. Rudeness.
Oot'ten (g5f t'n), p. p. of Orr.
Qoage (gouj or gSoj), n. [F.] 1. A chisel, with a
hollow blade, for scooping grooves in wood, stone, etc.
2. A scooping out ; groove scooped out. 3. Imposition ;
Gorilla {Troglodytes, or Antkrth
pithecHu, goriUa).
fSm, recent, 6rb, r^de, fyll, ttzn, food, fdbt, out, oil, oliair, eo, sine, ink, then, thin.
GOURD
252
GRAIN
fnmd ; alio, an impostor. ISlanOt U. 5.] — r. t, 1. To
■ooop out with a Kouge. 2. To cheat in a bargain.
\JSlang, U. 8.\
Qooid (gSrd or gC&rd), n. [F. gourde^ OK. ecugotirdf^
fr. L. eucurbUa gourd.] 1. A fleahy, three-celled, uiany-
aeaded fruit, aa toe melon, pumpkin, cucumber, etc. 2. A
dipper made from the aliell of a gourd ; bottle.
OouxlBaiia (g9&r'm)bid ; F. gSdr^mlLir'). n. [F.] A
gormand; greedy eater; glutton.
II OonroMt' (^5^mt'), a. [ F. ] A oonnoiaaettr in
eatii.g and drinldug ; an epicure.
Ctam (gout), n. [F. gouite a
gutta drop.] 1. A drop ; clot ; coagulation. 2. A con-
[F. gouite a drop, the gout, fr. L.
atitutional dleeaie, with inflammation of the joints, the
•tomach. intestinea, etc
U Ooat (gSd), n. [F. Bee Ourro.] Taste ; reliUi.
tCkmt^ Uout^)« «• X. Diaeaeed with gout. 2. Per-
taining to gout. 3. Swollen. — Q<mt'l-nMl, n.
Qow'tn (gtlT'Sm), V. t. [OF. govemer^ f r. L. guber-
note to steer, govern.] L To direct and control. 2. To
influence ; to manage. 3. To require (a noun or pronoun)
to be in a particular case. —v.i. To administer the laws ;
to control — OOT'OTB-a-Vto, a.
OoVeni-anot, n. Exercise of authority ; control.
QOT'OTB-MS (-&), QOT'ani-Anto^ (-into. »• A female
governor ; woman intrusted with care of children.
OOT'OTB-mmit, n. 1. A governing; administratl<»i
of laws ; control ; direction. 2. System of poUtv in a
state ; eatablished form of law. 3. Authority. 4. The
rulhig power ; the administration. 6. The body politic
Kivemed bv one authority ; a state. 6. Orammatical
fluence of a word in construction, requiring another
word to be in a particular case. — Chnftni-llimitAl, a.
OOT^tm-Or (-Sr), n. 1. One who governs; cltief
ruler or magistrate. 2. Tutor; guardian. 3. Contriv-
ance applied to machinery, to maintain uniform motion.
Oown (goun), n. [W. gwn.'\ A loose, flowing upper
garment : (a) Ordinary outer dress of a womxm. (b)
Offlcialrobe ; dress of civil officers, disting. fr. military.
Oowm'lliail (gouns'mon), Oawn'mAn (goun'-), If.
One whose professional habit is a gown, as a divine,
lawyer, etc ; a civilian, disting. fr. a soldior.
Cmb (grib), V. t.8i i, [AUn to 8w. grahba,'\ To
gripe suddenly ; to snatch, ^n. 1. Sudden seizure. 2.
Inrtniment for clutching objects to raise them.
GnUM (tn^t *». [F. gr&ct, L. gratia^ f r. grotu* be-
loved.] 1. Exercise of love, kindness, mercy, favor;
privilege conferred. 2. The merry of God, as disting.
fr. His Justice; enjoyment of divine favor. 3. Legal
preroganve of mercy exorcised by the executive. 4. An
f'ndowment fitted to win favor or confer benefit. S.
Beauty, physical, intellectual, or moral ; easv elegance
of manners. 6. Title of an English duke, duchess, or
archbishop. 7. A short praver before or after a mesl.
—V. /. 1. To adorn ; to embellish and dignify. 2. To
raise by an act of favor ; to honor.
Syn. — OftACB ; Mvkct ; elegance ; comeliness ; charm ;
favor ; kindness. — Grace is spontaneous favor to the
guilty or undeserving : mercy a kindness or compassion
to the suffering or condemnml. See Elboakcc
Gnoetnl (gris'f\il), a. Displaying grace ; elegant ;
easv. — OrmiM^fal-ly, ndv. — Oraoefnl-noss, n.
OimM'lOM, a. lAcking grace ; depraved ; corrupt.
Gra'ctoU (grS'shCU), a. 1. Abounding in grace or
merry; beneficent; condesoendinsr. 2. Abounding in
beauty, loveliness, or amiability. 3. Produced by dirine
grace. — Ofm'doas-ly , ndv. — On'oloiis-nMi, n.
Syn. — Favorable ; kind: benignant; merciful.
Gra-datton (gr4-4l5'»han), w. [L. gradatio. See
Oradb.] 1. A progressing by rogular steps or orderly
arrangement; arrangement in ranks. 2. The bringing
to a certain grade. 3. A df proe in an order or series.
Ond'ft-tO-ry (grld'A-tft-rJ), a. 1. Proceedmg by gra-
dations ; gradual. 2. Suitable for walking.
(grid), n. [F. ; L. gradut step, grade, fr.
gradi to step, go.] 1. A step or degree in any series or
order ; relative position or standing. 2. Rate of ascent
or descent in a road ; gradient, ^r. /. 1. To arrange in
order, by size, rank, etc. 2. To reduce (the line of a canal
' or road) to a level, or to an evenly progressive ascent.
I Gn'dl-CBt (gri'dT-ent), a. [L. gradient^ p. pr. of
\ gradi.'\ 1. Moving by steps ; walking. 2. Rising or de-
* scending by regular degrees of inclination. 3. Adapted
I for walldng, aa the feet of certain birds. — n. 1. Rate
of graded ascent or descent in a road ; grade. 2. A
part of a road which slopes upward or downward.
Gnd1l-Al (grid'tt-ol ; 40), n. Proceeding by steps or
I degrees ; slow. — Grad'a-ai-ly, adv.
I Gradll-ata (-at ; 40), r. <. 1. To mark with degrees ;
I to divide into regular steps, grades, or intervals. 2. To
admit to a certain grade or degree; to admit, at tha
' close of the course in a college or university, to a stand-
I ing defined by a diploma. 3. To premre gradually ; to
modify to a certain degree. *r. i. X To paaa by de-
I grees; to chsnge padually. 2. To tske a degree in a
college or univeruty. — n. 1. One admitted to an aca-
demical or professional degree. 2. A graduated cap,
tube, or flask, used by chemists, etc. — a. Arranged by
successive degrees ; graduated. — Gnd^B-ft^tOT, n.
Grad^a-atlon (-i'shfin), n. 1. A graduating or being
graduated. 2. The marks on an instrument or vessel to
indicate degrees or qusntity ; a scale.
II Onf (graf ), n. [O.] A German title of nobility,
equivalent to the Engliih earl or French count.
Graff (Rr4f). n. & r. Graft.
Onft (gritt), n. [F. grtj^e, orig. same word aa OF.
gra/e pencil. Or. ype^tbr, fr. ypi/^tw to write.] (a) A
email shoot or acion of a tree inserted in another tree, so
that the two unite into one tree. (6) Portion of living
tissue transplanted to a denuded surface on the body. ^
V. t. & i. 1. To insert (a graft) in another tree or part oi
the body. 2. To join (one thing) to another in close union.
— Oraft'tr.n.
GnfilllC, n. L The inserting grafts. 2. A scarfing
or endwise attachment
of one timber to another.
Grain (grin), n. [F. ;
L. grannm^ gnUn, seed,
small particle.] L A
single small hard seed;
a kernel, esp. of wheat
and other plants whose
seeds are used for food.
2. Fruit of food grasses
(com, wheat, rye, oats,
etc. ) or the plants them-
selves. 3. Small, hard
particle (of sand, sugar,
salt, etc.) ; minute portion.
4. The unit of the English
(tyntem of weights, in which
7,000 gndns constitute the
potmd avoirdupois, and 5.7G0
grainsthe pound troy. A grain
is equal to .0648 gram. 6. A
reddish dye made f.'om the
coccus insect, or kermes; a
red color. 6. Composite par-
ticles of any substance ; tex-
ture. 7. Direction, arrange-
ment, or appearance of fibers
in wood, strata in stone, etc.
8. The hair side of a piece of
leather, or mnrking on that
side. 9. />/. Remains of grain,
etc., after brewing or distilla-
tion ; any residuum. Also called draff. -^ v. t. 1. To
paint in imitation of the grain of wooil, marble, etc. 2. To
Cleft Grafting t h 8p1iee
Graftings c Whip or
Tonjnie Graftinir i rf Sad-
dle Grafting i c Side Graft-
ing.
a, «, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, fi, 1, 5, il, y. Short ; senate, «vent, td«H ^bay, finite, cAre, Urm, aak, i^U, fjMxU
GRAIN
263
ORATE
form (powdar. ingtr, t(o.) Into nidiia. S. To toka tho
hair off (ddju) ; to aof ten uid nuae tha grain of (leather,
•le.). -■«. <. To form gralna ; to granulate.
Orate (grin), ». [SeeGBODi.] 1. Tine ; prong ; fork.
iQiii^(gr«i^i), iiafiaaA-to^(-ii-t8'r8i).ii. -
(grUnS), II Ondfl^'Wrm (-li.tS'rSi). n.ol,
graUae stilts, fur oradulaey it. gradut. Bee
BAna.1 An order of birds including sandpipers, plovers.
rifiL., fr. L. graUae stilts, fur oradulaet it. gradus.
uaAna.1 An order of birds including sandpipers,
etc. — dnl^-to^al, Ondla-to-nr, OndOlo,
, _ umrwirtwt wr*«* i*Mt «♦•
Gum (grim), n. [Pg. arao grain, j East Indian name
of certain seeds used for food.
Offam, OnUDBM (grim), n. [F. gramme; Gr. y^Mtuka
letter, small weight, fr. ypd^uf to write.] The unit of
weight in the metric sTstem, being 15.432 grains.
Cumml-iia'oooiu (grima-nS'sh&a), On-mlii'e-al
(gri-mtnl-al), Clni-]|IUI'«-01IS (-tLs), a. [L. gramineus^
fr. oramen, oraminu, grass.] Pertaining to grass.
Wam'l-lllT'O-rOIIB (grlma-nTy'd-riU), a. [L. gramtn,
praminU -f- vorare to eat] Feeding on grass, etc.
Oram'mar (-mSr), n. [OF. gmmaire, prob. fr. L.
grammatiea^ Or. yp<Mi^Aaruc^ skilled in grammar, fr.
ypiti4ua. letter.] 1. Science of language, forms of speech,
ete. 2. Art of speaking or writing oorreotW. 3. Treatise
on the principles of language, or of any science.
OlBIII-aum-«B (-mi'rT-an), n. A phildogiat.
Onm-matlo (-mStak), Onun-nuitlo-al (-T-kai), a.
X. Pert, to grammar. %, According to rules of gnunmar.
Oiamma (grSm), n. Oram, a weight.
Gram'pQS (grlm'pfis), n. [Prob. corrup. fr. It. gran
peace greet flsh, L. grandu piscu.'] A large toothed del-
pbinoltl C^-^-t^ T-il-H fnr ^r% nfl.
QXi.a'^A-tY L kt2 £i/^r{ }, H. [L. ifintHfrium^ fr. granum
(rt-»ii]. J :^tfifi'tiatiae tcr ursuG,
QtUld (ffriui^ll, n. [V^i fr. L. ffrfjjidis.} 1. Of large
«ia* *, £rv4t ; diitf ; priu4^lp»l. S. Slan»liiig in the second
or BOniA looTB jviuotff defp^a Qf demii^ttt ; — generally in
tMKPiMnJtton i iM, ffr<tTntlulh?-f, tji>inti*ou, etc.
Snad Infer, tJivtiiliwr ttt a ifruiKl jury. —Grand jary, a
Jiory required to ejiatoin^ priraUly into niicusatious, and
141 mdUx offfiftJ^rs ; ^ cnUe^I al^o fjriu^.^ injuest.
Mrni — Okastd; KA^jfirirnvTi Smii:iik; majestic:
dlffitlAiNl I e]**Y(rtwl i iUti'tj^ ; juiitn^t . [- mpous; lofty;
evAtbMl : nobtn. — t7mh.ti. In r^-f^^rt'n >■ ^■ bjects of tsate.
i« si»1>Lhn1 Co tbst which ^siuitrlii tU- mui-d by a sense of
TPriiCuj^iA aikI uiiij««ty ; m'i(ptt_fi'*-nf i^r .^ in thing imposing
(roTD Kplt^iidiar ; itufti^inif tvh^fiur.tliim;^ i.v\ (ulonaelevsting.
lifmnid'ailiil' I'l^finKllint'')^ '1. Aunt i<1 one's parent.
OrttAd'cMld icIliM'), u^ ChilJ of J4 mon or daughter.
QnUkA*^nEWilBT i-rlnUr), n. Umfchler of one's son
or if^iii^'^litf'r. [«rf the first rank. I
QftflHilee' ( |(T£Ti-if ?' ) , n . [ S p. (^rif ^4</'' . ] A nobleman |
Onut'deur ( i^r^n'^X fl r ; Mi), » . l 1^ * Ir- ^ranr/.] The be-
iiiy hi/:»ij'li , t.i.-T(i.i,'.-.. , jiijifiljr.>' ijf i ei'iii,
:t^ii- ll_v _: . i„^ : ; - BeeBuBUMiTT.
r (grSadTa'thSr), a. Parent's father.
Qffan-dll'fHtMnt (grSn-dll^^-kwent), Onn-dll'o-
qnolU (•kwfii), a. [L. grandU + 2o7ut to speak.] Speak-
ing loftily : pompous; bombastic. — Onui-tfll'O-qaenoe, n.
Of«a'di-0«e' (grln'dT-Sy), o. [F. ; It. ^rnm/iWo.] 1.
Impreasire in effect ; imposing ; striking. 2. Affectedly
grsiid ; turgid ; bombastic— Gmi^dl-OB'i-ty (-Ss^-tj^), n.
£SSS^^C/T™ll\lt.. !«• Grandmother.
QglBftTDUUn-IIUI' (■ma-ma'), |
Onuid'BlOtll'er (-math'ir), n. Pareut's mother.
toSfS'li'l^^pS').!"- «r-«.thor.
Onuid'ltre' (•sir'), n. Orandfather; any ancestor.
Oraad'MB' (-sQaO, ». Son's or daughter's non.
Onuid^lllf Ole (-au'k'l), n. Father's or mother's uncle.
- )),n. [F.,
(lfT5"l),'
, bam, LL. granea, fr. L. j^a-
««ii» grwin.] 1. A farmhouse, with bams. etc. 2. A
An asMKiiation to further farmers* interests.
farm. 3.
jafnr (grin'iSr), n. A member of a grange.
QnrmtW-wm (flrr4-nTf'8r-&s), a. [L. grani/er ; gra-
iteie +/wTe to bear.] Bearing grain or similar seeds.
^ **' I (grinft), II. [It. jran^o granite, adj., grainy,
fr. It.oronuM.'] A erystalllne, anatratifled roek, eonalft-
ing of quarts, feldspar, and mioa. ~ Qn-BlflO (gri>nlt^-
ilS,aim-ii£riMa,a.
Qn-nkWo-mm (gri-nlv'^-rai), a. [L. granum +
vorare to devour.] Eating grain ; subaisUng on seeds ,
Offlllt (grint), V. /. [OF. graatUer^ ereanter, to prom-
ise, yield, fr. L. credere to believe.] 1. To eive over ; to
give the possession or title of ; to convey. 2. To bestow
or confer ; to give. 3. To admit ; to concede.
Syn. — To confer; bestow; admit; concede. SeeOiTB.
^n. 1. A granting; conceasion ; allowance; permis-
sion. 2. Admission of something in dispute. 3. Thing
or property granted ; gift ; boon. 4. Transfer of prop-
erty by deed or writing ; appropriation or convejrance
made by the government ; deed or writing by which the
tranafer is made. [vejranoe is made. I
Onn-tee' (gr*n-tSO, n. One to whom a grant or con- 1
Offant'cr (grAnt^r), n. One who grants.
Chrant'or (grtofOr or grin-tOr'), n. One who makea
a legal grant or conveyance. [granules.
Inuru-li ' " '
Onuru-lar (grSn'tt-lSr), a. Consisting of grains or|
Granll-Ultd (-lit), r. t. L To form into grains or
the surface. ^ r. i. To collect or be formed into graina.
- Offaii'a-Ute (-itt), Onn^-U'tod (■li'tSd), a.
Gran'a-Utton (-li'sh&n), n. 1. A fonning or crya-
ta"*:^'Ti£r fnto GTstiiR. 2. State of being granulated.
Qran'ulo (i^lK n. (L- granulum^ dim. of granum.}
U\ih- izruiti i Anisil\ partkle ; pellet.
C}ran''u-l0'ai {X^f^h "■ Granular.
Or^IMi I J. rfii ^ ), n. [ D F . grape, crape, bunch of grapea.]
L A liLilo iKirry Kroniiig in clusters on the grapevine.
2. ] J.uit lj-[iriij^thi«fruLt; grapevine. 3. Grapeshot.
Qrra p'eT-7 c i^ra/^r-Jp ) , n. Place for cultivating grapea.
(^rape^^oi f -^\iW )<, n. A duster of iron UJls to be
sfaiii: f I'l'Tib ■\ L'ltiiton.
Ora.p« '^^tone i <^ t on . n. Seed of the grape.
Qra po ' vln 3 \^v\ ■ t ).n. Climbing shrub OMurlng grapea.
Of a pll'iC I L^ ri f ''T k \ f I. [Gr. >p«4ik6c, f r. yMtuv to
Or 1 ?hlc al : T -K .il ) J write. J 1 PerUining to the
air^ "f ]'iitiiiiiiLr, Orawiihff^ or writing. 2. Written or en-
f^T t V ^ > 1 . a . U r\ t d •'Yhif Dted ; vividly described. 4. Hav-
inL' [ iu' fiuiilt^^ tit dear dn cription; impreaaive.— Oraph'-
io-allyi tt<ir,
Qraph^tt* (itv .J i ' ir. yoA^ii'.] Native carbon so
soiw mo Ku iuw». yju p«pi}i. It is usod for pencils (improp-
erly called lead pencHs), for crucibles, aa a lubricator,
etc. Often called plumbago or black lead,
Onp'lMl (grSp'nSl), n. [F. grapoin.'} A small an-
chor, with four or five flukes, for holding small vessels.
Onp^le (-p*l), r. t. [OF. grappU grapple of a ship,
f r. graper to pluck.] 1. To seise ; to lay fast hold of.
2. To join IndiBsolubly. >» r. i. To use a grapple ; to
seize one another. — n. 1. A seisure ; close hug in con-
test. 2. Instrument for seizing an object.
Orasp (grftsp), V. t. [Prob. akin to LO. grapsen.}
1. To seize and hold by clasping ; to catch. 2. To c<mi-
prehend. -* r. t. To clutch ; to strive. — n. 1. A gripe
of the hand ; seizure. 2. Reach of the arms ; power of
seizing and holding. 3. Forcible possession. 4. Wide-
reaching power of intellect to comprehend aubjecta. 6.
Handle of a sword or oar. — Gnuro'cr, n.
Onsp^lng.a. 1. Seizing. 2. Avaricious; miserly.
OraM (gr&s), n. [AS. gnet, giers.l 1. Herbage ; planta
eaten by cattle, etc.; pasture. 2. An endogenous plant.
— r. t. & i. To grow over with grass.
Onuw'hop'per (•hSp'pSr), n. A jumping, orthopter-
ons insect, of many speoies and genera, related to the
miirratory locusts of the Old World. [grassy state. I
0nuw1-n088 (-T-nfis), n. An abounding with graas ; al
Onas^iaotj (-pl5ta n. A lawn.
Qnaa^j i-S), a. 1. Covered with grass. 2. Green.
Orate Orrat), n. [LL. grata, fr. L. rr«/rjr hurdlej 1
Frame of parallel or crossed bars ; latticework. 2. Iram
an, recent, 6rb, r^de, fyU, llm, food, fo^ot, oat, oil, oliair, go, ains, ink, then, thin.
GRATE
254
GREAVES
or bMket of Iron ban, to hold burning fuel. —v. t. To
f umUh with ffnleM ; to protect with croaabara.
Grate (grSt), r. /. fOP. grater to acrape, LL. gra-
tnrey ^ratare.'] 1. To rub roughly, cauaing a harsh aouud.
2. To pulverise by friction 3. To fret; to irritate.
0«l«llll(-fyl),«. [L.ira/tM agreeable 4- /«/'.] 1-
Having a due aenae of benefita received. 2. Affording
plMnnTP : plrmflnp t'"* th? FPtifiP^ : dr-llrlonT^. — Oll.tB'-
nil-l7» if'i'- — Orate'ful nfl*«, i>.
^n. - Thstilcf 111 : islf^iNii^^ ; m-f^plAhW ; wi^lcottiP,
OnfUT **■ Oiii^ t'lat iirattfM i utt<U!4Jl wLtli a to ugh
mittv^, fcir robbing ainjill |Nirtii:^l»;a ftmn *nv subfltiin^e.
GrAt I tl G&tloii { ST if T- IT iti'&j I nn ) , » . l. .\ sfmr l fy-
Orafl-fled r-fii) t, rj. lifbili^Hl n^'t'onJinjj; to di'nJrf'-
GhfAt^ff (-fi), f". /. [L, yrnlii^rriri; pfvtHf pleiuing
+ -/i^tiTif {iti I'omp/) to ineikt^. iv^ -ft.} To pIf»Bp.
Syii* — To GitJiTiFrt Ispiri^a; Hirwoa: iili^arin; ile-
llght ; r^f|i]iti? ; TecuiupeiiiAp. - f*rtft\/tj t« ihv ^i•lh■^ic
tesnn, mid r^^fiTi Rliupl^ to thu plejd^uM" {ri>inriiiiiiiii''^t>'»d.
Th^ intiuifjfy a iwrtioii Implies tliAt *joiur:tljhiE m coucr^4led
to lilia wklH'^ or wtfakiipiu^^t whirJi I14; I'omd ant clALin.
T<J h fisnf>r\n \.n vi*\ii.v/i oiirsrlVDa to t hf tiiLmidv of otliprd-
Orai^Liig I tt. [Sfi^ O kati« to rnb ham] 1 ly , ] Tlmt f^ratiM;
tiaTnli. — ' 'i. Ifanih N^uiifl rauAftd by atLrUioiL.
(|r»'tl* (Efi'lTfK '"^r. [L.] KrV«lT ; ifrnUiiloTiilirr
Orotl tude tirriit'T luilj, n. [F. s IX. ffmtitvdn, fr.
gn^htx. I A ^H^iiig (rr.-*lft|jl : thiktiJtfiilneAR.
tlra-tQ'l tOtU (|i;r&-rOM-LCtii), n. [L. f^rotaiiifit^ fr.
rtrf!/<j.f, 1 L, Givea hitltfliut reonHi|K'ni^' ; not rrqiilred
fay jufttfcp. 3- Not (sUi^^d for hv t Ik' 4.iri'kjni.AtniH'ctn ] nivh-
Dot ruuKin, r^iifle, or proof, — 'Ora-tn'i-tOQi-ly* tf^f
Qn-tU'l-ty (-tf >, *t. [F. ffnrfiHff, or LIj. j^/vj/i/jV j».]
1. &iiTiJt<thiiig ^vea without TecoinpenuF; f me gift. 2.
BouiftlMHf! civi'ii hi rMtnrii f or ji f tivof cit wfrvirp,
Oiat'U late (grai'Il llit), r. t. [L. ffrrrinftiH^ 4tifm, to
coneratulate, fr. gi-attis.l To congxutulate. — Chrat^n-
latlon, n. — Orafu-U-to-ry, a.
Graye (grSv), r. /. To clean (a vesaera bottom) of
bamaclea, graaa, etc., and pay it over with pitch ; -- for-
merly done with gratis or greares.
OraTer a. [F., fr. L. gravis heavy.1 L Of impor-
tance; momentoua; aedate; aeriouB. 2. Not light or
gay ; aolemn ; eober. 3. In mumc : (a) Not acute or
abarp; low; dei^p. (&) Slow and po1<?mn in movement.
Syn. — Oravk ; Sobkh : Serious ; Solxmit ; aage ; ataid ;
demure ; thoughtful ; aedate ; weighty ; momentoua.
— Sober 'uppoaea abaenoe of exhilaration of 8pirit\ and
ia oppoaed to gay or Jtujhty. Serious implies conaidemt^-
neaa or reflection, and ia oppoaed to joroxe or gportirr.
Grove denotes a statn of mind, appearance, etc., cxuaed
by preaaure of wetshty interests, and ia opposed to hilnr-
Hy of feeling or iiraHfi/ of manner. Solemn ia applied
to a caae in which ffraviiy ia carried to its highest point.
OrftTe, r. t. & i. [imp. Oravrd (grav*'); p. p.
Oravsn (gr5v"n) or Graved ; p. pr. & rh. n. Oravino.]
[AS. grafan."] 1. To cut (letters or figures) on a hard
substance ; to engrave. 2. To ahape by rutting with a
chiael. 3. To impresa deeply (on the mind).^n. An
excavation In the earth m «i pl«ice of burial ; tomb.
GraT'el (griSv'Sl), n. [OF. gravele; of Celtic origin.]
1. Small atonea or pebblea, often intermixed with aand.
2. A diaease produced by amall calculous concretiona in
the kidneys and bladder.— f. /. [imp. &p. p. Ghav-
■LEO (-«ld) or Gravelled ; p. pr. & vh. n. Graveling '•r
Gravsllino.] L To cover with gravel. 2. To nm (a
ship) upon the gravel or beach ; to stick fast in gravel or
aand. 3. To check or perplex. [Coiloq.'} 4. To lame
(a horse) by gravel lodged between shoe and foot.
Ctarav'el^y (-1^), a. Abounding with gravel ; conaiat-
Ing of gravel. 'Grav^el-U-ness, n.
Orave'ly (gAv^f), adv. in a grave manner.
Orav'er, n. 1. One who gravea ; engraver ; aculptor.
2. An engraving tool ; burin.
(gilvi), n. pt. Greevea ; aediment of melted
tRllow. ftombstoDe. I
Orave^one' (grSv'atSnOt n. Stone markiug a grave ; I
Orave'wd' (jKrdO, n. Yard for burying the dead.
Orav^ (grSvad), a. [L. gravidut, fr. gravis beavy.]
Being with child ; pregnant.
Gravl-tate(-T-tit),v.<. [F.^rot^er. SeeGRAvrrr.]
To obey the law of gravitation ; to tend toward any object.
Oravl-tfttiflB, n. 1. A gravitathig. 2. That force
by which all bodiea tend toward each other.
Oravl-ty (-ty), n. [L. gravitate f r. gravis heavy.] 1.
Heavineaa ; weight. 2. Sobriety of character or demean-
or. 3. Importance ; dignity ; aeriouaneea ; enormity.
4. Tendency of matter towMd a center of attraction,
eap. toward the centre of the earth ; terrestrial gravita-
tion. 6. Lowneaa of musical tone ; — opp. to acntenest.
Ora'vy (gri'vy ), n. [OE. greavie ; prob. fr. gy-eavesA
1. Juice that dripa from fleah in cooking. 2. Liquid
dreaaing for meat, fl^, vegetables, etc.
Gray (gra), a. [AS. grBg.'} [Written alao greg."] L
White mixed with black, aa the color of pepper and aalt,
of ashea, or of hair whitened by age. 2. Gray-haired.
3. Old; mature.— n. A gray color; whitiah tint.
QmyttMaA' (-bSrdOi ^ An old man.
GrayllOIUld' (-honndOt **. Greyhound.
Ctarayftadi, a. Somewhat gray, [allied to the trout. |
Grayling (-ITng), n. [From grag^ a.] 1. A fiah|
Gray'waoke' (-w«kO, n. [G. grmneacke ; grcu gray
-\- tcacke wacke.] A conglomerate or grit rock.
Graae (grSz), r. /. [as. grasion^ fr. arses grasa.] L
To feed (cattle, aheep, etc.) with graaa. 2. To eat (grow-
ing herbage) ; to browae. 3. To rub the surface of (a
thing) in paasing. — r. i. 1. To eat growing herbage.
2. To 3riela graaa for grazing. 3. To touch aomethliig
lightly in paasing. — n. 1. The cropping of grata. 2. A
light touch ; slight scratch. — Grai'er, «.
Grainier (grS'shSr), a. One who paatmes cattle, and
rears them for market. [pasture. I
Grazes (grizTng), n. 1. A feeding 00 graaa. 2. A |
Graeee (grSs) , n. [F. graisse ; akin to gras fat, greaf y,
L. crasmu. Cf. Crabs.] 1. Animal fat ; oOy or tuictu-
ous matter. 2. Inflammation of a horse's heels.
GniM (gr6s or grSs), r. /. 1. To anoint or daub
with grease or fat ; to lubricate. 2. To bribe.
GrMS'er, n. One that greaaea ; one employed to lu-
bricate the working parts of machinery, engines, etc
Greae'y (grSi'y or grSs'y), a. l. CompoMd of grease ;
oily ; unctuous. 2. Smeami with greaae. 3. Seemingly
tinctuous to the touch. 4. Affected with the disease
called grease. — Gnas^-ly, adv. — Graesl-lieM, n.
Gnat (grat), a. [AS. gredt ; akin to G. ^tcmt^.I 1.
Large; big; immense; expanded; — opp. to small Kad
little. 2. Numerous. 3. Long continuea. 4. Superior ;
commanding. 6. Very gifted : mighty ; noble. 6. Hold-
ing a chief position ; principal. 7. Pregnant ; big (wiih
young). 8. More than ordinary ; considerable. 9. Older,
younger, or more remote, by a single generation.
Graat'OOAt' (grSfkSt'), n. An overcoat.
Graat'-gzind'olilld' (-grSnd'chndO, ». Child of one's
grandson or granddaughter.
Graat'-grand'dancta'ter (-dft'tSr), n. Daughter of
one's grandson or granddaughter.
Greftt'-grandla'tlier (-fii'thSr), n. Father of one's
gmndfather or grandmother.
Great'-grand'motli'er (-mfitfa'Sr), n. Mother of one's
grandfather or grandmother. [or granddaughter. I
Graat'-gnJlfl'80&' (-slSn'), n. Son of one's grandson |
Great'ly, adv. 1. In a great degree ; much. 2. No-
bly ; illustriously ; magnanimously. [power, etc.
Great'neM, n. The being great, aa, in size, mfaad,
Greave (grev), n. [OF. gr>ves.^ Armor for the leg
be'ow the knee ; — usually in pi. [torn) ; to grave.
Greave, v. t. [Fr. greares.J To clean (a shipjs bot-
Gwavea(gr5vf),n.p/. IAS. gret^f a po/t, Of.OBATT.1
1, 1, 1, 8, 11, lOBg I Ih 4h 1, 5, a, ^ ibort I MBCte, •▼eat, tdee, Obey, ttaite, eftn, lUB, Aik, fU, flML
GREBE
255
GRIT
The sediment of melted tallow. lu Scotland called erac-
Uiags, [Written abo graves.]
QnlM (grSb), n. [F. gr^be.} A swimming bird or
diTer, of northern America, Europe, and Asia.
Ort'olaB (grS'ahau), a. & n. Greek.
Offa^oini (-sTz'm), n. A Greek idiom ; Hellenism.
Of— d (grSd), n. [Akin to Goth, gredu* hunger.]
Eager deaire or longing ; greediness.
Oreod^ {•f)i a. [AS. grSdig.} 1. Having a keen
appetite for food or drink ; ravenous ; voracious. 2.
AvaridouB. — Onedl-ly, n<fr. — OTMd'l-IMM, n.
Syn. — Ravenooanees ; roracity ; eagerness ; avidity.
Qrtsk (grSk), a. [L. Oraeeus, Gr. VpaucoK.^ Pert to
Greece or the Greeks ; Grecian. ^ n. 1. An mhabitapt
of Greece ; language of Greece. 2. Something unintel-
ligible ; as, it waa all Oreek to me. iCotlooA
On«B(grSn), a. [AS. grene; akin to D. grom, G.
grum ; fr. root of E. grow,] 1. Having the color of
growing graaa : rerdant ; emerald. 2. Full of life and
▼igor ; freah. 3. Not mature ; not fully grown or ripened.
4. Toong ; raw ; not tnUned ; awkward. 6. Not sea-
soned ; not dry ; — said of wood, timber, etc.^ n. 1. Color
of growing plants ; color composed of yellow and blue.
2. A grassy plain. 3. Fresh leaves ; wreaths ; -^ nstudly
in pi. 4. /N. Leaves of young plants, as spinach, beets,
etc., bfriled for food.^r. /. & i. To make, o^ grow.
grf«n. [note. [
OrMnliaok' (-bSka n. A United States legal tender |
OnMl^gro'oer (-gro'sSr), n. Retailer of freah fndts.
OnMl'llflni' (-hOmOf n. A raw youth.
OnrallOlUM' ('hous'), n. Rouse to protect tender
plants in cold weather.
Qnn^tBM, n. A greeniah apple.
E, n. Somewhat green ; having a tinge of green.
Onanlrooai' (-rSdmO. n. Retiring room in a theater.
GrMnflliailk' (-shSnkO, n. A European snipe.
Onan'BWard' (-swardO, n. Turf green with grass.
Chreet (gr8t), r. /. [AS. gretan to address, approach.]
To address with expressions of Idnd wishes ; to welcome.
GfMtlllC, n. Expression of kindness or joy.
Syn.— Salutation ; salute ; compliment.
Ckn»-n11-ailS (grJ-gS'rT-tts), a. [L. gregariw, it. grtXy
grtgit^vt^.] Habitually livwg in tiocks or herds.
mv-Btdd' (-nid')* n. [F., pomegranate, grenade;
orig., filled with seeds.] An iron shell filled with pow-
der. to be ignited by a fuse, and thrown among enemies.
Orm'ft-dMl' (gren'A-dSrO, n. Orig., a soldier armed
with grenades ; one of a comrany peculiarly equipped.
Or«l'ft-dilie'(-dSnO,n. [P.] A thin gauxelike fabric
of silk or wool, for women *b wear.
Orw-W/H-al (grSs-aS'rT-al), \ a. [L. gradi, gressut, to
Orw-M^-au (-lis), I step, go.] Adapted for
walking, as the feet of certain birds and hiaecta.
flraw (grn), imp. of Grow.
ChrafW'lOIIM (-sfim), OnM^aomt, a. [From a word
akin to Dan. gru terror -j- •some.'] Ugly ; frightfuL
B!nj(gTi\ a. Gray (the correct orthography).
Gray^llOlllld' (-honnd^), n. [AS. grfghnnd. Origin of
first syllable unknown.] A slender, graceful dog, of keen
eight and very swift. [Written also gray hound. ]
Ortd'dl* (grTdMH), n. An inm pan for cooking cak<>«.
Ortdllon (-Pfim), n. [Fr. same source as griddle,
XnX the endfaig was confused with iron.] A grated iron
utensil for broiling flesh and flsh over coals.
Orttf (grSf), n. [OE. & OF. ; L. gravU heavy.] 1.
Pain of mind ; sadness. 2. Cause of sorrow ; trial.
Stu^ Gmtsr ; Sorrow ; SxoinDS ; affliction ; distress ;
trial; grievance. — Sorrow is the generic term ; griff is
sorrow for some definite cause ; sadness indicates a per-
maiMnt mood of the mind.
Clll«V'aB(W(gr8v'anfl),n. iOF. grevance.] 1. Cause of
nneasinesa and complaint ; wrong done and suffered, as
from injustice, tjrranny, etc ; injury. 2. Grief ; affliction.
Syn. — Burden ; oppression; luutLship; trouble.
Chtore (grSv), v. t. [OF. grever. It, L. gravare to
oppress, f r. gravis heaTv.] To occasion grief to ; to af-
flict. — ff. t'. To feel grief ; to sorrow ; to mourn.
fHto^ons (-As), a. [OF. grevoust LL. gravotus.] 1.
Cauainff grief or sorrow ; pamful ; hard to bear ; offen-
sive. 2. Heinous ; aggravated ; flagitious. 3. Full of
grief. — Qftor'OILi-ly, adv. — OltoV'OILi-IMM, n.
Orlfto (grlf), n. [F.] The offspring of a muhttto
and a negro ; also, a mulatto. ILoealf U. 8.]
OrUfill (grTl'fTu). CMff on (fSn), n. [F. griffon, fr.
L. grtfphus, Gr. ypu^.l 1. A fab-
ulouH monster, halt lion and half
eagle. 2. A large vulture of the
mountainous pu1» of Southern
Europe, North Africa, and Asia
Minor ; — called also ffrip^y and \
grype. The bearded grimn is the '
Oim (grin, V. t. [F. grUler, fr. grU gridiron.] To
a grill or gridiron.
Lattice ; grating.
broil on a grill or gridiron.
Orflle ixrPr ; E. gril), n. [F.]
Ortm (grim), a. [AS.] Of forbidding aspect ; fierce;
horrible. — Gniiily, adv. — Olim'liess, n.
Syn* — Fierce ; gnastly ; hideous ; stem ; sour.
Ort-nuUM' (gri-mis'), n. [F. ; cf. AS. grlnui mask.]
A distortion of the countenance, in contempt, disappro-
bation, complacency, etc. ; a smirk ; a made-up face. —
V. i. To distort one's face ; to make faces.
Gxl-nudldll (grl-mSincIn), n. [For graymalkin ; gray
-\- malkin.] An old cat, esp. a slie-cat.
CMina (grim), n. [Cf. uan. grim, griim, lampblack.]
Foul matter ; dirt, rubbed in. ^ v. t. To soil deeply. —
Orlm'y (grim'y), a. — Ortml-ly, a<ft?.
Oxln (grin), V. i. [AS. grennian.] 1. To show the
teeth, aa a dog ; to snarl. 2. To show the teeth in laugh-
ter, scorn, or pain. — v. t. To express by grinnbig. — n.
A hard, forced, or sneering smile.
Grind (grind), V. t. [imp. & p. p. Grouitd (ground) ;
p. pr. & vb, n. ORmoiKO.] [AS. grindan.] 1. To pow-
der by friction ; to crush into fragments. 2. To wear
down, polish, or sharpen, by friction ; to whet. 3. To
oppress ; to harass. 4. To study hard for examination.
[College Slang] ^^n. 1. A powdering, or sharpening,
by friction. 2. Severe continuous work ; hard study.
[Cofloq.] 3. A hard student ; a dijr. [.College Slang]
Orind'er (-Sr), n. 1. One that grinds. 2. One of the
double teeth, used to grind or masticate the food ; a molar.
Orind'Stone' (-stQnO, n. A flat, circular stone, re-
volving on an axle, for finding or sharpening tools.
Grip (grip), n. [AS. gripe.] 1. A tenacious grasp.
2. A peculiar clasp of the hand, by which members of a
secret association recognize one another. 3^ A handle
or gripe. — v. t. To grme.
Gripe (grip), V. /. [AS. gripan. Cf. Grip, Gropr.]
1. To catch with the hand or fingers ; to clutch. 2. To
hold fast. 3. To pinch ; to cause spasmodic pain to the
bowels of. — r. t 1. To clutch, hold, or pinch a thing,
esp. money. 2. To suffer griping pains. — n. L Grasp;
clutch. 2. Handle ; grip. 3. OpproBsion ; cruel exaction.
4. Pinching pain in the intestines ; — chiefly in pL
II Grippe (grip ; E. grip), n. [F.l Influenza.
Grip'MU)kMgrIp'aSkO,n. A traveUng bag. [CoUoq.]
Gri-sette' (grt'zSf ), n.
~ AFr
- - ,. -,.«. [
rible ; dreadf ul. — GrisOl-
[F., fr. grisette gray woolen
ch giri of tr
AS. grislic.]
cloth, fr. gris gray.] A French giri of the working <
Grisly (grlzaj?), a. [AS. grislie.] Frightful ; hor-
Grist (grist), n. [AS. ; fr. ^ndan. SeeGRnro.l 1.
Ground com ; as much grain as is carried to the mill at
one time, or the meal it produces. 2. Supply ; provision.
Gris'tle (grls^'l), n. [AS. gristt ; perh. a dim. of grist.]
Cartilage. — Gris'Uy (grisly), a. [for customers.!
Grist'mlll' (grlsf^mltO. n. A mill for grinding grain |
Grit (grit), n. [AS. gredt grit, sand, dust ; akhi to B.
i9m, recent, 6rb, ryde, f^ll, Am, fdbd, Idbt, out, oil, chair, so, ting, ink, tlieo, UUa.
GRirrY
256
GRUMOUS
groaii^ grout.'] 1. Sand or gnvel ; rough, hard parti-
clea. 2. The coarae part of meal. 3. p/. Grain hulled
and coarsely ground. 4. A hard, coane-grained silioeoua
•andatooe. 6. Ffrmneas of mind ; unyielding courage.
^v. LAL To grind ; to rub harshly together ; to gn^.
Olttly (grTt^^), a. L Containing aand or gric 2.
Spirited ; reaolute. iCoUoq,, U. S.\ — Olttll-llOSS, «.
Ortl^e (grTx'x*!), n. t^. gri*.\ Gray ; a mixture
of white and black.
Olla'lltd (-xUd), 0rl2^y {-%m. a. Gray ; graytah.
Oriotar baar, a large and ferocioua bear of Weitein
North America ukI the Rocky Mountaina.
Oroan (grSn), v. i, TAS. granUtn.] To give forth a
low, moaning aound, as to pain, sorrow, or deriHion. — n.
A low, moaning sound ; mournful sound uttered in pain
or ereat distress ; an expression of strong disapprobation.
Oroat (grftt or gr5t), «. [LO. grdte, orig., ^rreat, that
is, a great piece of c<^.] An old English sdver coin,
worth four pence.
Oroatl (grftts or grSts), n. pi. [AS. grcUan.'\ Dried
grain, hull^ and broken or crushed.
Oro'oer (grS'UIr), n. [Orig. grossfr^ one who sells by
the grois, or wliolesale.l Dealer in tea, sugar, spices, etc.
OnKoor-y (-y)t n. 1. Commodities sold by grocers ;
— usually in^ 2. A retail grocer** shop. [U. 5.]
Groc (gr8g)« «• [Fr. " Old Grog,** a nickname for the
English Admiral Vernon, who wore a grogram cloak.
He is said to have diluted the rum of the sailors.] A
mixture of spirit and water ; any intoxicating liquor.
Orog'fBr-T (-g«r-y), n. A grogshop. [weakness. I
Chrog'fy (-gy), a. L Tipsy. 2. Staggering frora|
OrOfTam (-ram), I n. [OF. gros-graitiT] A coarse
ChrOf'ran (-ran), l stuff made of silk and mohair.
GroPallOR' (-shSp^), n. Place where strong liquors
are sold and drunk ; dramshop.
OlOllI (groin), n. [Icel. grein distinction, division,
branch.] 1. The junction of the belly and the thigh ; the
Inguen. 2. Projecting solid angle formed by the meeting
of two vaults. — r. t. To build with groins.
Groom (grSSm), n. [Cf. OD. grom boy.] L Boy or
young man ; one in charge of hortes. 2. One of several
oiBcersof the English royal hou!«ehold. 3. Man recently
married ; bridegroom, ^r. i. To tend (a horse).
Groomi'lliail (grS&mx'mon), n. An attendant of a
bridegroom at his wedding ; — correl. of bruiexmaid.
GroOTO (gr»v), n. [D. groef, grofve^ L Long hol-
low ; rut. 2. A fixed routine. — «'. /. To furrow.
Grope (gr5p), V. i. & t. [AS. grapian, fr. grlpnn to
gripe. J To search in the dark, or by feeling.
GrOi'boak' (grSs'bSkO, n. [GroM -f benk-l One of
various species of finches having a large, Htout beak.
Grow (grSs), c. [F. gros, L. grosstix.'] 1. Great;
bulky. 2. Coarse ; not fine or delicate. 3. Dull ; witless.
4. Expresshig sensual appetitfs; obscene. 6. Thick;
dense ; not attenuated. 6. Palpable ; flagrant ; shame-
fuL 7. Whole ; entire ; total ; without deduction ; —
opp. toru*-/.— n. 1. The main body; chief part, bulk, or
mass. 2. sing. A pi. The number of twelve dozen. —
Grossly, nftv. — GrOSS'lMBS, n.
A grsat <roM, twelve gross : 144 doxen. —In the gross. In
gross, in the bulk ; all porta taken together.
Grot (grSt), n. [F. grotte.} A grotto. [Poetic]
Gro-tesqae' (irr*-tfi»k'), «. [F., fr. It. grottesro, fr.
grotta grotto.] Like figures in anciant grottoes ; fantastic.
Qrot'tO (ifTot'tft), n. [It. grotta^LL. gnintayOr. itpvimij
fr. Kp&mw to conceal.] A rave ; artiflclal cavern.
Gnnmd (ground), n. [AS. ; akin to G. & 8w. gruml.]
1. Surface of the earth ; floor ; pavement. 2. A region ;
field or place of action. 3. L-md ; estate ; (pt.) gardens,
fields, etc, belonging to a homestead. 4. Basis on which
anything rests ; reason ; cause. 6. Surface upon whicli
figures are set in painting, smlpture, etc. 6. A conduct-
ing connection with the earth, whereby the earth is made
part of an electrical circuit. 7. pi. Drj-gs ; lees ; fjeces.
Orovad floor, the floor of a house most nearly on alarel
with the gruuud. — Oroaad hog. {at The woodchock or
American marmot. (6)Tt)eaardvark.— Ora«»dplaa,aplan
of the ground floor of any building. — Qrovnd plot, grmuHl
upon which any structure is erected : foundation ; ground
plan. — Greoad rent, rent paid for buQding on aooiher
man's land.
-* V. /. L To lay, set, or run, on the groond. 2. To
found ; to fix firmly. 3. To instruct in first principlea.
4. To connect with the ground so as to make the earth m
part of an electrical circuit. ^ r. i. To nm aground.
Gromidless (ground'l&), a. Without grmmd ; false.
— Grooiidaess-ly, attr. — GrogndOosi auss, n,
GnmndlillC, n. 1. A fish that keeps at the bottom
of the water. 2. A spectator in the pit of a theater.
Gronnd'BaV (-nfitM, n. (a) The peanut; eaxthnot.
(6) A leguminous twining plant having a root taberoos
and plMtsant to the taste, (c) Dwarf ginseng. (<f) A
European plant having an edible root of a globuUr ahi^pe.
Groimd'WOrk' (-wOrkO, n. Foundation ; basla.
Group (grSop), n. [F. groupe; of G. origin.] 1. A
cluHter ; crowd. 2. Asaeuiblage of objects, animals, or
plants of like aructure. ^ r. /. To arrange in groups.
Grouse (grous), n. sing. & pi. [OF. griesche vaoot
heu.] A gallina-
ceous bird of many
species, including
the ptarmigans.
Grout (grout), n. <
[AS. grat ; akin to
E. groats.] 1.
I Coarse meal ; p/. „. .. . ., . „ ..
groats. 2. Thin, Sharp-tsikd 0rou^^r«f«K3rto. pAono-
coarse mortar. ^
r. /. To fill up or finish with grout.
Grost^ (grouty ), a. Cross ; sulky ; sullen. ICoUoq.]
GrOTO (grSv), n. [AS. graj.] A group of trees.
GrOT'el {uTorf^X)^ v. i. \imp. & p. p. GaovstBD (-Td)
or GsovBLLBO ; p. pr. & rb. n. Gbovxliko or Gkotbl-
uvo.] [Of Scand. origin.] 1. To creep on the earth ;
to crawl. 2. To deliglit in whi^ is sensual, base, or mean.
— GrOV'el-er, n. [Written also grortller.]
Grow (gr5), V. i. [imp. Grew (gry) ; p, p. Giowh
(kt5m) ; p. pr. & rb. n. Ubowing.] [AS. grOtean.] 1.
To increase in size by gradual assimilation of new mat-
ter into the living organism. 2. To become larger aad
stronger ; to accrue. 3. To thrive ; to flourish. 4. To
become. 6. To adhere.
Syn. — To become ; increase ; expand ; extend.
— r. t. To oauee to grow : to produce. — GroWor, ft.
Syn. — To raise ; to cultivate. See Raisb.
Growl (groul), V. i. [D. grollen.] To utter a guttural
sound, as an angry dog. •» n . Snarl. — CfoOWl'er (-ir), n.
Grown (grSn), D. p. of Gbow.
Growth (grSth), n. 1. A growing : increase to fiill
sise or maturity ; influence. 2. Product ; effect.
Grab (grttb), V. i. & L [Cf. E.grab, grope.] To dig;
to root out by digginr. ^ n. 1. The larva of an insect.
2. Victuals; food. [Slang] —Qrtbntn^n,
Gmdge (grflj), r. /. [OF. grockier.] To envy (ri.i )
the posnessimi of ; to begrudge. — r. ». To bo covetoiis,
envious, or reluctant. — n. Sullen malevolence ; ill will.
— Gmdg'lnf -ly, adv.
Hjn, - Aversion ; ill will ; hatred ; spite. See Piora.
Oni'dl (sru'ei), n. [OF.] Liquid food, made by boU-
ing meal in water or milk ; thin porridge.
Chmff (grQf ), a. [D. grnf, ] Of rough mnnner or coon-
tenince ; sour ; surly. — Gn^fly, adv. — GndPnesSt n,
Onmi(8'r{im),fr. [Cf. Dan. jrr«m furious.] L Surly;
grim. 2. Low ; deep in the thront ; guttnnu.
Omm'ble (grflm'b'l), r. t. [Cf. D. grommelm.] 1.
To complain in a surly manner. 2. To growl ; to snarL
3. To rumble. — Onun^ler, n.
Omme (gntm^, n. [OF., fr. L. grumut.] Thick, viscid
fluid ; clot, as of blood. — Gm'BIOIIS (grn^mOs), a.
S, «, I, ?^ a, kmg ; &, «, 1, 5, 0, t, short ; sanftte, «v«nt, tdea, 6bey, Quite, cAre, ttrm, Aak, fill, flmri.
GRUNT
257
GUM
QlVBlCgrttnt). 9. t [AS. ^mnirm.] To make th««oand
of » bof. ^ fi. jL A dtfep, guUaml toUDd. S. Au Aineri-
eao food flsb, which maces » grunting noiie when token.
OffjfOS (grtf'Sn), n. Old form of OEtvrnc.
l>CKirll«S(gTmae),}i. [L.. locuat.] Agenusofin-
•eefto including the common crickets.
Ctoy^OS ^TfSo), n. The grliBn rulture.
Qwlft-Mm (gwS'>4-klim), n. [8p. guaynoo^ fr. natiTO
name in Hkvti.] 1. A small, crooked tropical American
tree. S. ueaitwood or redn of the lignum-vitn of the
Wei^ Indies and Central America, used in medicine.
[Written also gmaiacl
OmMfrnk (gwi'n&), n. Iffoana.
OWL'ttO (gwi/ni), n. [8d., fr. Peruv. huanu dung.]
Exeremeut of sea fowls, used as manure.
auraB-tof (gir'Kn-ti'}, n. [For guaranty. "^ L A
pnmiise to answer for anotiier*s paymeut of debt, or per-
formance of duty ; warranty ; security. 2. A guarantor.
ftyn. — OuABAirm ; W ASftAimr. — A gvaratUee is an
eiwigement that a certain act will be done or not done in
fnuire. A worranty is an engsgement as to the qualitiea
or title of a thing at the time oMhe engagement.
-*v. /. To engage for the payment of (a debt) or per-
formance of (a doty) by another person ; to warrant.
QmWt^tm' (gir^n-tOr^), n. One who gives a goar-
fli^; warrantor; surety.
Chuu1UI-ty (-ty), 11. [OP. gnaraniie^ f r. gnaraniir to
warrant, to guaranty.] An undertaking to answer for
eaotber's performance of some contract or duty ; a guar-
antee; warranty; aecarlty.^r. /. To engage that an-
other shall perform (some dutr) ; to faidemnif y.
Oval (gird ; 68), r. /. [OF. gwtrder, warder. Bee
Waeo.] 1. To protect from darger ; to care for. 2. To
keep watch orer, in order to fr erent escape, restrain
from Tioleace, etc. 3. To protect the edge of. -^v.L To
watch ; to be cautions.
Syn- — To defend ; protect ; shield ; keep ; watch.
— !>. 1. One that guards from Injury ; protection. 2. A
man, or body of men, protecting a person or position. 3.
Any fiztore protecting against ininry or loss. 4. A post-
ure of defense in fencing. 6. WAtch ; heed ; attention.
Syn* — IMmise ; safeguard ; escort ;' care ; heed.
Illird'ad, a. Cautious ; wary ( circumspect.— OotrA'-
•d-ly, adv. — Ourrtd-BMi, n.
Qmutn-Vik (girdT-on or -yon ; 26), n. [OF. guardafn.
if. Wakosv. ] L One who guards or secures ; a warden.
. One In legal charge of t^ person or property of an
Infant, a minor without living pareuts, or one hicapable
of ouuMging his own affairs. ^ a. Pei^orming, or appro-
priate to, the oflloe of a protector. — Oawd'i-aiHilll?* n.
OmMVOV (-rSQm^), n. Room to accommodaite a
Bsflitary guard while on duty ; room for confining pris-
QfnfrtL (gwiTvA), n. [8d. guayaba.'] A tropical tree,
cr its astringent fruit, used to make Jelly.
Cta'bar-IU-tO'tl-il (gu'bSr-ni-tS'rT-al), a. ^ guber-
natar goreroor.] Ptort. to a goremor, or to government.
Ovfl'ffMBCgQinin),!!. {F.aot^on.} 1. A sm-Ul Euro-
pean fresh-waier fish, allied to the carp. 2. One easily
duped. 3. A pivot or bearing.
mtt^aa (gir'dfkn\ H. [OF.] A reward ; recompense.
OMr-lttOA (ger-rTKIA), Chl«-lliaa, n. [8p. , nkirroish,
dim. of guerra war.] 1. IrreguUr wirfare. 2. Mf^m-
ber of a predatory band. ^n. Pert, to IrrMulnr warfaro.
O«0M (g«s). v.t.&i. rOE. ges*en.'\ 1. To Judge of
at random. 2. To solve by a correct conjecture. 3.
To think ; to snppoee. — n. A conjecture ; surmise. —
8yn. — To Girsss ; Tmirs : RacKow ; coniecture : sup-
pose ; snrmise ; suspect ; divine ; im<igine ; fancy. —
OtiM» denotes, to attempt to hit upon at random ; to
eontecture on very slight grounds. The use of the word
ewes* for think or bffiere is now antiquated and objec-
tionaUe, and Is a vulgtrism when used resp?ctine a pur-
B or a tiling about which there is no uncertainty.
(K6st),n. [AS.^ff'jT/akintoL.AosKf
1. A visitor. 2. A lodger at a liotef, etc.
Qni-UW (gllf-fy ), n. A loud burst of hmghter.
Onld'aBOt (gid'ans), n. A giildiiw ; government.
Ovkto (gid ; 68J, v. t. [F. guiderA 1 To lead or di-
rect in a way. 2. To manage; to train. —n, 1. One
who leads or directs another ; a conductor ; a guidebo<^
2. A regulator.
Oalde'post' (-pSdtO, n. A poet at the fork of a road,
to direct travelers.
Ovl'doa (tn'<l&Q)t »• [F.] 1. A small flag used to
direct movements of troops or to make signab at sea ;
flag of a guild or fratemi^. 2. One who carries a flag.
Onlld (gTld), ft. [AS. gild tribute, fr. gUdan to pay.]
An association of persons of kindred pursuits.
Ctall« (gfl : 68), n. [OB. A OF. ; of Oerman origin,
and same word as B. wUe.^ Cr^f t ; deceitful cpnuing ;
wile ; deceit ; treachery. — Crafh/fol, a. — GcQtfleM, 'f .
Ctanao-tllir (gTKld-tSnO, n. [K., name of a Fnnicb
physician, who proposed, in 1789, to sbolish decapitation
with the ax or sword.] A machine for beheading by the
fall of a heavy blade, sliding in vertical guides. — r. I.
To behead with the gniUotine.
ChlIU(gTlt),n. [AS.try//.l State of one who has broken
a moral or p<rfltical law ; crime.
OvIltlMMi, a. L Free from guilt ; famocent. 2. Un-
acquainted (with). — C
Onarr (rIU7), «. [as. ayUig ]
incurred guilt ; justly exposed to pen
Uable.] 1. Having
. _ , . Jjienalty. 2. Involving
guilt. — dPnllt'i-iT, adv. — Oallta-iiags, n.
Onlll'M (gTn^), n. 1. A district on the west coast of
Africa (formerly noted for ito export of sold and slaves).
2. An English gold coin worth 21 shilUnga sterling, or
about 15, but no longer coined.
OolBsa iBwU Oniasa hsa, an African inllbuceoas bird.
allied to the pheasanto. — Oalasa pig. [Prob. for Qu/kma
0
Cover; oloak.
j>iQ.] As
OiOM (giz), n. [F. See WisB, n.l 1. Outtoimnj
way of acting; behavior; mien, 2. Oarb; shape. 3.
Chd-tar' (gT-tUrO* *•• [P. fntiom , cf. Pr., 8p., I
guitarra; fr. Or. xitfa^a.] A musical instmm^ntAli
six strings, played upon with the fingers. [fnlly.T
Chllflll (Rfilch), n. A ravine, or dry bed of a torrent ; |
OqIm (gttlc), n. A a. [F. gttettles^ same word as
gueul throat, L. guU, fr. the color of the throat.] Red.
Chllf (gfilf), n. [F. gol/e, fr. Or. ir<UinK bosom, bay,
gulfj 1. A hollow pUice In the earth ; abyss ; chasm.
2. That which swallows irretrievaUy ; wWripooL 3.
Portion of a sea extending into the land. ^CHlliKF, a,
ChUl(gIU),r./. [Prob. fr.^/ the bird] To deceive;
to cheat, ^n. 1. A fraud. 2. A dope.
Onll, n. [Of Celtic origin.] A long- winged sea Ufd.
OtfOet (gfillBt), n. [OF. govlet, dim. of goide throat,
L. gula.l Tube conveying food and drink from the
pharynx to the stomach ; esophagus. [Ull-tT, a. I
OvlOl-U* (gflmr-bn), a. Euny gulled. -OttlH- 1
Ottlly (-ly), «. [Formerly ^W.] Channel worn in
the earth by a current of water ; short deep portion of a
torrent's bed when dry. ^ r. t. To wear Into gullies.
Gulp (giilp), V. t. [D. gntpen, cf. OD. g^ gulf.]
To swallow eagerly, or at one swallow. — n. The teking
a large mouthful ; as much as Is swallowed at once.
Omn (gflm), n. [AS. gdmn pnlati^.] Dense tissues
investing the teeth, and covering the jaws.
Chm, n. [L. gttmmi and eommU^ fr. 6r. k^^mic,
Egyptian kamJ.'] 1. A vegptoMe eecreticnn that hardens
when it exudes, but is soluble in water. 2. A gum tree.
3. A rubber overshoe. [/A>cai, U. 5.]— r. /. To smear,
close, unite, or stiffen with gum or a gumlike substance.
— r. <. To exude or form gum ; to b««ome giiromv.
Oom araMc. a gum yielded by several species of African
and AsiUic Acacia ; — called also Ofim acacia. — Ooa trse,
nam* given to several trees in America and Anstralhk :
(a) The black gum, one of the largest trees of the South-
f Sm, reoeoA, 6rb, ryde, f yU, fkm, food, fo^ot, oat, oil, eliair, bo, ainsi ink, tben, tbln.
GUMBO
258
•rn States, bearfnf a amall blue fruit, the f avoHte food of
the opoesum. ib> A tree of the eenua Eucaiyptut. {c) The
Bweet Kum tree of the Uuited States, a large aad beautiful
tree wBich exudea aa aromatic terebinthine Juice.
Ovmnto (gilui'b^), n, [Written also gombo.^ 1. A
■oup thickeaed with the mucilaginous pods of the okra ;
okrasoup. 2. The okra plant or its pods.
Ovrn'Ml (-boil), n. A small abscess on the gum.
OvillfBiy (-mj^)f a. Consisting of gum ; viscous ; ad-
hesiTe ; producing gum. — OlUll'iDl-IMM, n.
Oamp (gfimp), n. [Sw. & Dan. gump buttocks.] A
dolt; dunce. [Ixm']
Oanip^tlQa (-shBn), n. [Akin to AS. gedmian to ob-
serve.] 1. Capacity : shrewdness. IColtoq.'] 2. In
painting, art of preparing colors.
Oan (gfin), n. [Origin uncertain ; perb. (like cannon )
fr. L. canna reed, tube.] 1. Any firearm, except the pi»-
tol and Mortar, for throwing projectiles by explosion of
gunpowder. 2. A cannon. ^ r. t*. To bunt small game.
Ova earrlscs, carriage on which a gun is mounted or
moved. — Ova eettoii, a
highly 4*ijjk»ivp nitric
etlie r ipf cH'liuIoAt^, nt^
tainnd lny Etet'Tiiiifr c^otton
In uiirir' ana inilf'liuiit!
acida- Used for hlu-i^tiug
ami KTmewhnt Ld f^w.-
Dery ; tor nan^lrjing L-cliU-
Firld Gun Carriijre dcUched from the Limber. A Stock : B
Cheek ; a Lunette : b Trail Plate s e c PointiiiK Riniri : it Han-
dle ; ^ ^ Prolimvp llitoki ; f Wheel Ouard Plate ; a I^ick Chain,
Nut, Bolt, and waaher : I Elevatinip Screw ; g Trunnion Plate t
1 Prolonge i i Sponge and Rammer ; 3 Handspike.
loid when compounded with camphor ; and the soluble
variety (pvroxr/tn) for making collodion. —Ova »slsl, a
bronze composed of copper and tin, used for cannon, etc
ChmlKMit' (gtln'bStO, n. Light vessel carrying vuns.
Chm'llCl (-nSl), n. 1. A gunwale. 2. A small l&h.
Gvn'lMr (-nSr), n, L One who works a gun ; a can-
noneer. 2. Officer in charge of a ship*B ordnance.
GVB'^Mr-y i-f\ n. Theory of projectiles, and con-
itmction and use of ordnance.
GVBfDlllff, n. The hunting game with a gim.
Oanliy (-ny), n., ChinliT oloth' (kiStiiO. [Hind.
0O9t goifh s sack, sacking.] Strong, coarse sacking,
made from fibers {jute) of two Indian plants.
Gnn'pOW'dMr (-pouMer), n. An explosive composition
of niter, charcoal, and sulphur, used in gunnery, etc.
Gnn'ShOt (-shSt^), n. 1. The firhig a gun; a shot.
2. Distance to which shot can be thrown effectively
from a gun. —a. Made ^y the shot of a gun.
Gan'smltb' (-smith' ), n. One who makes or repairs
sinoll firearms; an armorer.
Onn'BtOCk' (-^tQkO, n. The stock or wood to which
th^ barrel of a h<uid gim is fastened.
Onn'Wale (srtin'wtl ; commonly gfin'nSl), n. Upper
ed?e of a vesaers side. [Written also gunnel.']
Our'Kle (efir'gM), r. i. [Cf. It. gorgogliare to gargle,
fr. L. gurgtdio gullet.] To flow in an irregular and
noisy current, as water from a bottle, or a snudl stream
among pebbles. — n. A gunrling ; a bubbling noise.
CKir'ffoyla (-goil), n. Oar-
govle.
Ovr'Bara (-nSrd), ) n. [OF.
Onrliat (-uSt), l gnmnit,
perh. skin to F. grogner to ^
prunt.] A European marine GMniivMTrigUi kirmulo)
fish, having a large and sptnv
liead, with mailed cheeks. [Writtf^n also goumei.l
GYMNOTUS
«.-» (gfish), r. i. [Perh. akin to AS. ge6Um to pour,
G. gie*»en. B. gut.} 1. To issue with Wolence and rapid-
ity, as a fluid ; to flow copiously. 2. To make a senti-
mental exhibition of affection ; to diapUy enthusiasm in
a silly, demonstrative manner. iCoUoq.j^n. 1. Violent
issue of a fluid from an inclosed place ; a rapjd outpour-
ing. 2. Effusive display of sentiment. iCoHog.}
Oosh'ing, a. 1. Rushing forth with violence, as a
fluid ; flowfii^ copiously. 2. Emitting copiously (tesrs
or words); weakly demonstrative ; sentimental. [Col loo.]
QWMt (g^s»t), n. [F. goustei.] A piece of duth
inserted in a garment to streuKtheu it or give it shape.
Chut (glist), fu [IceL gtutr a cool breeze.] 1. A
squall ; violent blast of wind. 2. Sudden burst of passion.
Oast, H. [L. gwttus; cf. It. & Sp. gttstoA 1. The
sense or pleasure of tasting ; relish : g»»to. 2. Ontifi-
cation ; enjoyment. 3. Intellectual taste ; fancy.
ChMt^ft-tO-iy (gfist'44d-rj^), a. Pertaining to tarte.
OnaOO (gtts't*), n, [It. or 8p., fr. L. gnttw. See
Oust, sense of taste.] Nice or keen enjoyment ; fancy.
Onst^ (R&tt'j^)} fi' Subject to gusto ; stormy.
Out (g&t), n. [AS.] X. A narrow passage of water.
2. An intestine ; a bowel ; the whole alimentary canal ;
ipl.) bowels ; entraila. 3. One of the prepared entrails
of an animal, used for various purposes. C The sac of
strong silk taken from a silkworm (when readv to spin
its cocoon), which is used as the snood of a fish line. —
r. t. "L To take out the bowels from ; to eviscerste.
2. To plunder of contents ; to destroy the interior of.
II Ontta (gttt'ti), n. / />/. GUTTJB (-tg). [L.] A drop.
Gvttassrsaa. [L., lit., serene or clear drop.] Amaurosis;
blindness occasioned by a palsied retina.
Oaf tft-per'OIUI (-pSr'cliA), n. [Malay gaiah gum -f-
pertja tlie tree yielding it.] A concrete Juice produced
by various trees of the mdajran archipelago, which be-
comes soft and impressible at the temperature of boiling
water, and in many of its propertiea resembles caoutchouc.
QfaVt&t (-tSr), n. [OF. gotUien, tt. govU drop, L.
guUa.2 1. A channel for conveying away water. 2. Any
groove, ^v. t. & i. To form into channels.
Onttlir-al (-tfir-^l), a. [L. guUvr throat.] 1. FSrt.
to the tliroat. — n. A sound formed in the throat ; esp.,
a sound formed by aid of tlie back of the tongue, much
retracted, and the soft palate ; letter representing such
a sound. — Oaf f W-Al-lV, adv.
Oay (gf ), n. [Sp. guta ; same word as E. guide.'] A
rope, chain, or rod attached to anything to steady ft. ^
r. /. To steady or guide with a guy.
Oay, n. 1. A grotesque effigy, like that of Gvy
Fawkes, dressed up in England on November 5th, the
day of the Gunpowder Plot. 2. A person of qoeor looks
or dress. — v. t. To fool ; to ridicule. {CoUoq. U. S."]
Oos^e (gfiz'zn), v.i.&U [OF. gosilHer, prob. orig. ,
to pass througli the throat ; F. aosier throatj To drink
much or often.-* n. An insatiable person. — CnlS'Stor, n.
Oyb«(jlb),v./.&<. [SeeJiBB.] To shift (the boom of
a fore-and-aft sail) from one side of a vessel to the other
by a following wind. [Written also/ifte.]
Oym-nt'tfom ( jTm-nS'zT-lim or -zhT-Qm),
n. [L., fr. Gr. yv^vwrtoi', fr. yvit-va^ttv to
exeroise (naked), fr. yvM»^ naked.] 1. Place
for athletic exercises. 2. School for higher
branches of llteraturo and science.
Oym'lUSt (jTm'n4st), n. One who teaches
or practices gymnastics. — Oym-Bastlo
(-nis'tTk), Oym-IUUl'tlo-al, a. [exercise. I
Oym-nas'tlos, n. Athletic or disciplinary |
Oym'no-Bpenil (jTm'nt-spSrm), n. A
plant bearing naked seeds {i. e., seeds
not inclosed in an ovary), is the hemlock.
— Oym'no-Bpei^oas, a.
II Oym-nO^OS (-n^tOa), n. [NL. ; Gr. iu altered leaf>
rfiu^ -f >^TOf back.] Genus of South
merican fresh-water fishes, including the electric eeL
Gvmno«perT
fruit (incloMcd
S, 8, 1, 8, 0, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, a, t, short ; senftte, dvent, tdea, ^bey, finite, oftre, firm, &ak, f^ll, flnoL
GYNECOLOGY
259
HAIL
Oya'»«llHT(ltn'^MI'*.jforg!'nl-),n. [Or. ywr,,
ywcrdf. woaum -j- •4offV.'\ Science of the structure luiU
diieeeee of women. — Cmi^«^0-l0gfl0-«l, n.
Ofp'M-aUiUTp'e^aslfa. lL.gypteu4. SeeOTPiVM.]
BetemUing or oontalniug nrpsuuu
Grp'saai (-ottm)! »• \J^] A uUnerml consiatlng of
the hjrdrous Milpbate of lime (calcium). Wlien calcined,
it forma plaster of Paris.
OfF'sy (-^)» »• [^- ^^yp'MJw B«ypti*n, gyp»y. l.
aey^iiM.} [Also spelled ^#/My uid gyp»ey.] 1. Oue
of an Oriental race, now scattered OTer Kurope, and liv-
ing by theft, fortune telling, tinkering, etc 2. Langusge
of the gypeiea. 3. A
JlUng, t
crafty
person. — a. Pertaining to
gypsies, ^tr. i. To picnic In the woods.
Qftwl Qyral)^ a. [See Gtkb.] Whirling ; gyratory.
Oflat* (Ji'rit), a. [L. gyrare^ -atutn^ to gyrate.]
Winding or corfed faito a diole ; taking a circular
coane. — r. t To rerolve round a central point ; to
move spirally about an axis, as a tomaJo. — Cfy-im'tlOiB
(jt-ri'shttn), ». - oyrm-to-rr {iVH^tt-rf), a.
Own Uir)t <^ LL. ffvrus, Or. yvpof, ex. yvp^ round.]
A cfrcnlar motion ; a turn or revolution ; cirouit. '
QffUl'90a{fiT'fW^*n),H, low. ger/auc<m,LL. gyro-
/aleo^ perh. f r. L. gynu circle + /<ffco falcon, and i
from its circling flight ; or cf . K. j^Jer-eagleO One of
several species of large Arctic falcons. [Written also
gerfalcon, gierfatron^ toidjer/tUcon.^
Oy'ro^OOpe (jl'rt-skOp), n. [Or. yvpoc ring, circle 4-
-scope.] A rotating wheel, mounted in rings, for iUus.
tratiug the dynamics of rotating bodies, etc. — Qf'n-
MOplO (-skOpnrk), a.
OfW (ji^f. n, [Of Celtic origin; W. gefyn.l A
shackle ; esp., one to confine the legs. —v. /. To fetter ;
to shackle; to chain.
H.
OOr'ras (hia>t-«8 kdr'pfis). [L.,Toumay
.] A writ to produce a prisoner before a
Ha (hK), itU€ii» [AS.']] An exclamation of surprise,
joy, or grief.
have the body.,
court or judge.'
Hlb^«r-dMll'«r(hn/Sr-dSsh^r),n. llocL hapurltuk
tonmpery, trifles.] A dealer In 4rapety goods, trim-
Drags, etc. [dasher. I
dab'V-diall^or-y i-fU ^ Wares sold by a haber-|
Hft-Mll-aMBt (UA-bTKI-ment), it. [F. habUIement, f r.
kabiiler to dress, fr. habile apt, skUlful, L. habUi*.] 1.
A garmoit. 2. pi. Dress, in general.
UaMX (hXbntt), n. [F. ; fr. L. habUus state, dress,
fr. habere to have.] 1. Usual condition of a person or
thing. 2. Practice ; usage ; involuntary tendency to
perform certain actions, acquired by their freauent
repetition; characteristic behavior. 3. Outward ap-
pearance ; attire ; a garment. •» r. /. To drees ; to array.
Syn. — Habit; Citstom; practice; mode: manner;
way ; fashion. — Habil is a tendency to do easily and with
growing certainty, what we do often ; custom U habitual
oae or the frequent repetitioQ of the same act.
Hab^-Jl-llU, a. [P.] Capable of being inhabited or
dwelt In. — UtKit-A-bto-llOSS, Hflb'lt-fl-Ullty, n.
HAbH-aa-oy (wm-s^), n. inhabitancy.
Hablt-ABt a. [F.l An inhabitant ; dweller.
Hab'l-t^-T-tXOf »• [!>•« it dwells, fr. habUare.'^
Natural abode of an animal or plant.
Hflb'l4AtlOll, A. [F.] L An inhabiting or dwelling;
occupancy. 2. Place of abode ; residence; liouae.
Hft-MtVfll (hi-bTt^-ol ; 40), a. X. Formed by habit
or use. 2. According to habit ; customary ; constant.
Syn. — Usual ; common ; wonted ; ordinary ; regular.
HA-MTV-flta (-it), r. /. [L. habituare. -atun^.'^ To
make accustomed ; to familiarize. — HA-blt'11-fttkMl, n.
HaM-tVte (hiba-tSd), n. [F., fr. L. habitudo.} 1.
Habitual attitude ; usual reUtions. 2. Habitual sssoda-
tloo or familiarity. S. Habit of body or of action.
I BM^We (Vbl'ty'tOt »• [F., p. p. of habitver to
habituate. ] One who habitually frequents a place.
a EaftA^t^^M (Wtht-tnfdk or hK'sT-«n'd&), n. [8p.j
A large estate ; — a Spanish-American term.
Hack (hlk), V, L [AS. hnecian.} To cut Irregularly.
— V. i. To cough fabitly or brokenly. * n. 1. A notch ;
cut. 2* A cutting im^ement ; pick for breaking stone.
S. A hacking ; short, broken couRh.
HMk, ft. [Abbr. fr. hackney. 1 1. A horse, hack.
nayed or let Cut for hire ; horse used in all kinds of
work. 2. Carriage let for hire ; hackney coach. 3. A
whohii
lires himself out for literary work ;
overwonced man ; drudge. ^ a. Hackneyed ; hired ;
mercenary. «v. L L To let out for hire. 2. To use
frequently and render trite and commonplace.
BBOk'M (hik'S), n. Tbechipmank; also, the chicka-
ree or red i "
« or red squlrrsL lU. S."]
Hao'kto (hik'k'l), n. 1. Comb for dressing flax, raw
silk, etc. ; hatcheL 2. Any flimi^ substance unspim, aa
raw siUc V. i. 1. To separate (the ooarae part of flax
or hemp from the fine) by drawing it through the teeth
of a hackle. 2.' To tear asunder.
Hftek'nAB, n. Driver of a hack or public carriage.
HflOk'BU-taok' (-m*-tik'), n. [American Indhui.]
The American larch or tamarack ; also, its timber.
HaoklMy (-nf\ fi. [F. haquenSe a pacing bcrse.] 1.
A horse for riding or driving. 2. Horse kept for nire.
3. Carriage kept for hire ; hack. 4. A hired drudge ;
hireling. ^ a. Let out for hire ; trite ; mean. — r. /.
To devote (a horse, etc.) to common use ; to wear out in
common service ; to miJu commonidace.
Had (hid), imp. Ap.p.ot Hatb. [AS. hatfde,l
Had'd00k(hid>dfik),n. A marine fish of the cod kind.
Ha'des (IiiMCs), n. [Or. 'AiBtiK ; a pri v. + i5«ir to see. ]
The nether world (In clasilosl mythology, tlte abode of
the shades, ruled over by Hadea or Pluto) ; the grave.
Ha'llUl (bS'mal). a, [Gr. o^a blood.] Pertaining
to the blood or blood veeeds ; also, ventral.
Haft (hAft), n. [AS.A#>/r.] Handle of a knife, swonl,
etc. ; hilt. [2. A fury ; she-monstei . I
Hag (hig), n. [AS. hsegteste.} 1. An ugly old woman. I
Hag^gara (-gSrd), a. [For nagged, it. hag. ] Wasted
by want or sulfering ; wild ; anxious in appearance.
Hag'gla (-gts), n. [Scot hag to ohop.T Scotch pud-
ding made of the heart, lights, etc., of a sheep.
HiMl'gla (-gn), r. /. (Fieq. of SQOt. hag, R. haek.^
To cut roughly; to mangle.— v. i To be difficult in
barnhiing ; to higgle. — n. A haggling. — Hac'StMTt >>•
II Hrgf-ornh]^ (hi^jT-Sff'ri^fi), n. p/THa'Sl-or-
ra-pbT, n. [L., fr. Or. oyttfypo^ (so. ^fikLa)\ ayto«
sacred -{- ypdl^ur to write.] l. The portion of the Ol I
Testament not contained in the Law and the Prophets.
2. In the Roman Catholic church, the lives of the saints.
—Ha'ai-M^-phal, a, — Ha'st^MTa-pli
Ha'fi-OlVffy (-«l'^jy), n. [Or. £ycoc -f- •iogy.'i
History of sacred writings or peraras ; list of aalnta.
Hall(hi),iiitorf. Ha.
Ha-ha' (hi-hi/). n. A sunk fence, waU, or ditch.
Hall (hO), n. [AS. hmgel, hagol.\ SmaU maases of
ice preci^tated from the clouds, ^v. i. & L To pour
down in icy particles.
**'* a. Healthy : hale (the preferable spelling).
v.L [loel. heiU hale, sound, used in greeting.]
1. To call loudly to; to salute. 2. To name. -*r. i. 1.
ffiffSi Ne«at, 6rb, r^|dei fyll« ftrnt l^^d, f«^t, oiitt vU, •haltf go, slug, i«k, Omo* \him.
HAIL-FELLOW
260 HAND
Tl> daolint I7 hKlliiiiic, Ihs port imm which ■ ninnl Mtli .
to mix or ootiw (/n?/ji). 3h To report ms the pUc« from
wb«o» one oookib. [Ciiih^r'] •» int^ij. h^ excUnutton
Q|j|re«tlii«. — r». A Willi cl De<lj ^ l^ud ciU
B^ '-f«l' low [ hiiaei'Ift ),n. h\U coftte twnipMiion.
HAU^fttOi|» ^^ttCu'L n. A jMliet ot hiUl^
Eoir (liirj^ n, [AS. ^r,J 1. Tbe imuA of fllamaota
rviug f r(>Di au AuimuJ ' 1 all uu 2 . Oii« fjf t liftse flUmeuto.
A ikoder Gutgrrowtl] froii^ iUAWU^ cruiiJfOeuia, plaaU,
«U\ 4' A vi^ry hum] J diktoxice, or dt^n^y
BftinsnAdtllS d. Very imrraw. [hair. I
BftlT'^nuli' c brtiflh^), n, Bruab for imciotbUig Uie
Ellf^OMll' (-U5th'), n, Cl4)tk mada ol h«ir.
BaIiI-BSTO ( T nfi«), n. A beiDg hMiy.
BaItImb, ^j. iMetituU of luilr.
Hilr'plii i pTq')t n^ ^n uaed In dr&baidg the hair.
HAllT'Aprlllg' ( flprloR')^ n. The Hiii^ud^r ncoil spring
ntftil^itiiiM: tJi4r^ iriotioii oi the bfi.Lauo«i m ti tiiii«pieoe.
lUlf'j, ft. IbMLHoi^ or covt^r^d witL liair ; hirsute.
HAl'tl-An (hi'll-^jii). ti. & ji HAytiwi.
BaIo ih:^*}t), H. [At. ^if^ «D«lte.J TJie Egyptian
cobra, whichcan inflate
its neck into a hood.
Hal'b*rd (hsi'-
b8rd), n. [F. halU-
hardeA An an-
cient long-han-
dled weapon, r»-
•embling both
epear rad axe.
[Written also
iltm-UI-BH'-
^•14481^, n.
Haj« {yqfa hcdf). H a 1 ' 07 - Oil
(hU'sT-Sn), R. Pu ; Or. iJuamv, oJUvwk.I A kingfisher,
—a. 1. Like the halcyon, said to lay her eggs during
the calm weather about the winter solstice. 2. Calm ;
peaceful; happy.
Halt (hll), a, [Written also haU.\ [leel. hsiU ; akhi
to S. whole.] Sound ; entire ; healthy ; robust.
Bala (hn w h|^), v. t, [as. hoUan to acquire, get.
See Baul.] To pull ; to drag ; to haul.
Half (hM), a. [AS. heaif, half, half ; as a noun, half,
side, part] 1. OonsLsting of a moiety, or half. 2. Con-
sisting of some indefinite portion resembling a half ; par-
tial; Imperfect —(ufr. In an equal part or degree;
partially; imperfectly. — n. ; /»/. Halybb (hSivs). One
of two equal parts into which anything may be dirided.
■alf asasve, an imperfect or weak line oi action. —
Balf note, in music, a minim«
one half of a semibreTe. — Balf
pay, half of the wages or sid-
BslfnotM.
ary ; reduced pay. —Balf stso,
a semitone ; the smaUeet du-
ferenoe of pitch or intenral
used in music.
Half HUad-ludF, n. A mixture of two malt liquors,
r*T —. — ^er and alp, in abmit *qnil parts.
HALl'-bre«d' ^brSd^), n. The offspring of parents of
dl tf c n.' I it r.ii t«. ( rent, but not by both. I
Bail' -broth of ( bra th ^r }, n. A brother by one pa- 1
Hxlf'-biftart'ea (-iLart'ii^), a. 1. Wanting in heart or
spirit. 3. L.uiciii^snitl or eon n^je; lukewarm.
Hftll^-m^OD' {'ruooD- ), n. 1. The moon at the quar-
ts r^, v.'\\t-t\ htM Itb dif»k fipi^^iir^ illuminated. 2. Shape
of a bril f 'iiiooii ; rrca^crt.
Half'^pttn nr i iil'iieii-ny f>T bit'.), n. ; pt. Half-psmcb
(pfuH) <jr lUL*-i*»6fBtBa t-j»?fi-iil»). An £ugli«b coin
wortb half n |«^iiny \ vri^^ih^ of half a penny.
HAll'-aLa Xst { -«Ts^tir}, n . Si«ter by one parent only.
Hairwar t'**0. 'ffif- l^^ «""*■ middle; partially.—
a. EqiuUly dUtAUt fr^^on the tmrt'Oios; midway.
Hatt;-.wlHld(hifwTt^tidy,a. WMkialBtollaot.
Bair-i[iari|r(-yii'V).a. TwoinayeariaMttUi
—adv. Twioelnayear; stmiannually.
HalIrM (hOia.bm n, iOK^koKhoij 4- M, hnUt,
flounder.] A large marliie flatfish. rWritt«DalsoA0<ift«/.i
Hall (huD.)!. [AS. heal, kealt.} 1. A building or
roomof^WelysUe. %. Ave^ibale^tranoe room, tftc
Haiaa4n'lall ( Praise ye JehoTah.
Hal'l«K(<4^),Hal-loa'(-i00*<»* [Ptrii. fr. oA + M
A call to incite a nerson or animal ; a shout— v. i. To
X. To encourage with shouts. S. To
a. To shout to; to haiL-^inlaf?'.
cry out- V. /. _
chase with outcries.
HOttharel ho!
HalOow (•»),«./. [AS.A2/^iafi,fr.Mit>holy.] To
set apart for holy or religious use ; to consecrate ; to
keep as sacred. [haUows or All Saints* Day. I
Hallow-atll'(hIia«-SnO,n. Evening pr«cedmgAIl-
HalOow-naa (bUld-mAs), n. Feast of AU Saints.
Hal-la'd-natioa (-lu'sT-ni'shfin), n. [L. haUueiHotio,
fr. halittcinari to dream.] 1. Wandering of the mind.
2. Perception of objects haTing no reality, through dis-
order of the nervous qrstem ; Elusion.
Halo (hSnft), n. [L. Aa/m, ace. Aa/o.] 1. A lumhioos
circle round the sun or moon. 2. Bright ring with which
painters surround heads of saints ; a glory ; nimbus.
Halt (h}^t), ». [6. ; fr. halten to hold.] A stop In
marching or in any action.- v. i,At. X. To stop ; to
stand sini. 2. Jo beiitate or dehiy. 3. To limp. — a.
Halting or stopping in walking ; lame. — n. Tismimess.
Haner (hftl't^r), n, [AS. hmi/irt,} A strong stnp
or cord for leading or tying a horse ; rope for hanging
malefactors; nooee. — v. /. To tie by the neck with a
rope, strap, or halter ; to subject to a hangman's halter.
Halvo (liSv), V. t. To divide hato two equal parta.
HalVM (bKvz), n., pi. of Halt.
Hal'FWa (hU'j^Srd), n. iHaU, ▼. t + yonf.] A
rope or tackle for hoisting yards, sails, flags, etc
Ham (hXra), n. [AS.] 1. Region back of the knee
johit 2. A hog's tliigh cured by salting and smoking.
Ham'a-dry'ad (him'Anlri'Kd), n. ; »/. E. -ads iMt),
L. -ADBS (-A-d6x). [L. Bamadtyas, •adit. Or. A|ta^iwv ;
ofta together -f {pvc oak, tree.] A tree nymph.
HailM(hSm),n. ID.haam.] One of the eurrad pieces
on a horse's collar, to which traces are fastened.
Hamaft(hlmn«t),ii. [OF. hamdeiA Small vOlago.
8yn. — YilUge ; neighborhood. See viLLAaa.
Ham^or (-mSr), n. [AS. homer, hamor.} InaCni-
ment for driving nails, beaUng metals, etc. — r. t. A i.
L To beat with a hammer or with heavy blows. 2. To
form or forge with a hammer.
Ham'mor-liaad' (-MdO, n. 1. A shark whose eves are
set on projections from the sides of the head, giving it a
hammer shape. 2. An African fruit bet
Ham'lllOok(-m5k),f». [OfIndianorigin.11. A swii^
ing bed, suspended by coids at the ends. 8. A piece of
wooded land. [Southern U. 8.}
Bam'Vor (-per), n. [Contr. fr. Aanoper.] A laige
basket for packing. — v. I. To put hi a hamper.
Ham'por, v. t. [OE. Aamperen.] To pot a hamper
or fetter on ; to hnpede ; to encumber. —n. A fheofcle.
Ham'atzllic' (-etrlng^), ». One of tlie great tendons
of the ham.— v.^ To disable by cutting the t
the ham or knee ; to hough ; to oripple.
~~ ~ (hind), n. [A& : akin to G. hmd.'\
1. That
part of the f ore Urab below the forearm or wrist ; paw. 2.
An index or pointer. 3. A meaanre equal to a l^md's
breadth, — four inches; a palm. 4. Bide; directloii.
6. Deed ; agency. 6. A servant, or laborer ; workman,
trained for special service or duty. 7. Handwriting ;
penmanship ; signature. 8. Perscnal possession ; direc-
tion. 9. What is lieid in a hand at once.- v. /. To
give, transmit, guide, or assist, with the hand.
S, S, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, fi, 1, 5, a, f, short ; senfite, 8v«nt, tdea, 6bey , Unite, eftie, ftnn, Ari^ nU^ flaaL
HAND DAG
261
HARDlttOOn
BMd taif , ft Mtehel. — Haad erna« a barrel orffan, op*
•nUd by ft orftnk toniftd by baud. — Haad work, or Haad-
VMkf work done with (ho handa, not by a uaciuu«.
WuafXiSk* (bliid^Ty), n. L a printed ahoat, to be
diatribatedbyliaiid. t. A pruoing book.
HlftfllMOV (-bdSkOt n. A manual ; guidebook.
BMaAf^im/aiO^ C-brMth'),
breftdih of tbe hftnd ; ft pftlm.
, n. A apaoe equal to the
ttt (-kOf}, n. FAB. hnndeop* ; Hand 4- eotp,
', oonfoaed with fc. ^u/r«. ] A u iron ring Arouud
cofM, f etter^
the wriat; maaaela.— v. /.
To ftpply hftDdcuff* to.
the
(•fnl), ft. TAB. kan4/uU.'\ 1. As muoh aa
willcontUn. 2. A ^
_ A amaU quftntity or uumber.
Haadl-Wp (hln'dT-klp)f n. L An ftllowanceof time
' dliUooe in a race to the inferior competitor, to equal-
ise chancea of anooeaa. ft. A contest in which such
aUowance is made. — v. t. To idace at disad vantaffe.
HaaAl-erafttt>Soda.krirt), II. [as. handcr^/f.] A
trade reouiring akill of hand. — HailA'i-or«lt8'Bia, n.
TLaaAri-lf (-T-1V). adv. In a hamJy mauner.
Haadl-WOlk' (-i-wfirkO. n. Tab. handgeweore ; hand
4- geteeore work.l Work done by the hands.
■oMtr-tiklll (blonOfr-chTf), n. {Hand + ker-
chief A Cloth for wiping the face or hands ; neckcloth.
KBVdU (liXuMM), V. t, (AS. handlian.] 1. To
touch, feel, or hold with the hand. 2. To manage or
wield. S. To deal with ; to make a buaineia of. 4. To
treat ; to uae, well or lU. 6. To manage ; to controL
•. To treat (ft theme, ftrgument, obie^tion, etc.). -*f».
1. The Dftrt of inatrumenta, etc., held in the hand when
used. 2. Tool, or instrument for effecting a purpose.
' K (hInd'midO, a. M uiufactured by hind.
t (.mIdO. ) ft. A maid that waits at h&nd ;
I i'^ny, I a female senrant.
/), IS. A saw used with one hind.
>u's(lm),a. [^</fMf4--*o>w«.ll. Agree-
able to the eve or taate ; attractive ; oomely. 2. Liberal ;
Mnerona. 3. Ample ; moderately Urge. — HftBl'MSB*-
If , adv. ~HABA'Mai«-a6U, n.
Sym. — Hamdioiib ; Prsttt. — Pretty applies to things
eomparatiTely small« which please by delicacy and gr.ice.
MamiMome ia implied to objects on a larger scale.
HAAdfWllt'lBI (-ritang), n. 1. Form of writing pe-
cnllar to each hand or person. 2. Manuscript.
HlBd^ (hlnd^), a. TAB. hendig.} 1. SkUlful in
osing the hand ; ftdroit. 2. Beftdy to ibe hand ; neftr.
Bias (hing), V. /. {imp. & p. p. Hahoid (hXngd) or
tf nvo (hong) ; p.pr. A rb. n. Haroihg.J [AS. hangian.]
X. To auapoid. 2. To fit properly. 3. To suspend by
tbe neck tai dead. 4. To droop. — r. i. 1. To dangle ;
lo stay. 2. To depend ; to cling. 3. To impend ; to ap-
pear threatenin^y. 4. To lean downward. 6. To be
mieertftin or delayed. ^ a. Manner in which one part or
thing depends upon another.
HtarUltt' (hXng'bSrd'). n. The Baltimore oriole,
which Eanga ita neat f h>m the limb of a tree.
BtBf 'Mg^ irdlSsf), n. A sneak. —a. Low.
HjUIX'Ct **• *• ^^^ ^^^ bangs; a hangman. 2
That by which a thing ia snapendM ; pendent bracket
short, cunred sword.
HaaglBf, a. 1. Deserrlnff or foreboding death by
the halter. 2. Pendent. 3. A'lapted to sustain a hang-
faig object, —ft. 1. The suspending anything, or state of
being aoapeiided. 2: Death by a halter. 3. That which
is hung aa lining, drapery, tepeatry, paper, etc.
Huif'BUUI, n. One who hangs ; puuio executioner.
BaanaXk' (-nIV), n. [.Comip. of agnaiL'\ A small
eeeof akin hanging loose, neftr the root of ft finger nail.
Bamg^amiV (•nfat^), n. l. A nost hanging like a bag
or oocket. 2. A bird wMoh builds such a neat ; hangbird.
Hiak (hink), ft. [Cr. 8w. hank a band or tie ; akin
to B. hang.] Parcel of skeins of yam or thread tied
toffether. — r. t. To fasten or form Into hanka.
Haslnr (hlnHiSr), v. i. To desire greatly ; to crave.
(bXn'aam), fi., Ban'MB Mb' (klV). [In-
veutor's name.] A two-wheeled covered carriage with
the driver*s seat elevated behind.
Bap (bXp), V. t. [OB. happen.} To clothe ; to wrap.
— ft. A cloak or pUid. [O. Sng. A 8eot.]
Hap, n. [loel. happ good luck.] That whioh happens
unexpectedly ; chftnoe. ^ v. i. To hftppen ; to befftll.
Hap'liai^aid (-hSi^Srd ), a. [Hap -f hajtard. ] Xxtn
haxara : chance ; accident ; random.
flapleM, a. Without hap or luck ; unfortunate.
Haply, adr. By liftp or ftocident ; perhftpa ; It nmy be.
Hap'ptB (-p'n), t. «. [Bee Hap, to hftppen.] 1. To
come bv chance ; to fall out. 2. To ooour.
Hap^-ly (-pT-iy), adv. [Pr. happ^.} 1. By good
finhM^H^ : Iui:l£il>. 2. Ill ^t Ii-^HL' tr.r.iiFis^r Af hutiliy o)^
ciiii'i>T.tik>.vji. 3- Wiil> rl^xtprny: gTsretiiUy j fiindeoiuly.
M ri. - Fortuiuit*ly ; mifMhufuJljf ■ fNCKHttiutAtHr-
H«I^pl-IiBas^ re. 1. Good rurtune ; pfOftperity. 2- A
siljfujlI ntitHvtiti^* \ /fiiHtif JH u«ftcL with ^'levited BSBOOilt-
tLoiift : Nr-^fti t**'j!A iM upplltjd to tlie uiust Tfflued «uk^f-
bi4iiii iLi'iniit}^ Ir-iiui t\i*^ piiT^»t aQi^ctiDus ; &/4>i Is appli^
t'l iNi' jij'y diiilkaii&tinl hi lif^K^en.
Hap'py ('p^ft 'N L^^- ^'^i' I'liMit^p-} 1- rs¥ore<i bjr
hiipoi' Ik^rliuiQ, liigky; fortunaUr; prdflpt^roitn. B* Eii~
joying good ; joyous. 3. Dexterous ; apt ; felicitoua.
Ba'fft-kl'll (hK'rIUkS'rT), a. [Jap., stomach cutting.]
A Japanese mode of suicide, by slashing the abdomen';
—also written, btit incorrectly, harikarl.
Ha-rangna' (b&-rSnff'), n. [P. ; fr. OHG. hring ring,
ring of people.] An address to a multitude ; declamation ;
ranting. ^v.t,&i. To address earnestly or noisily.
.Syn. — Haranoits ; Spbbcr : Oratioit. — Speech is ge-
neric ; an oration is a rhetorical speech ; an harangue u a
vehement appeal to the pasaiona, or a nolav addreaa.
Har'aas (blr'as), r. /. [P. hara*$er.] To fatigne;
to weary by importunitv or fretting. Hgr^aMI n. ft.
Syn. —To weary : jade : tire ; tA^ae ; worry ; chafe.
Harlllll-gar ( hiir'bTn- jer), ft. [OP. herbergeor one who
prorides lodging, f r. herbergt Inn.] 1. One who provides
lodginga. 2. A forerunner, ^r. t. To uaher In.
aa^ibQr(hllr'bilr),n. [Written also Aortour.] [loel.
herbergi shelter for soldiers; herr army -f bfarga to
save.] L A place of aecnrity and comfort; refuge; alieltar.
2. A place of safety for vessels iu stormy weather ; port ;
haven. ^ v. t. To entertain aa a guest ; to shelter ; to cher-
isli (a feeling, esp. an ill thought). * r. i. To lodge for
a time. — Har'bor-ar, n. — BarlMr-laaa, a.
Hafa(hiird),a. [kf^ heard.'] X. Not easUy penetrate],
cut, or separated into parts ; firm ; solid ; c<Hnpftot ; —
opp. to aoft. 2. Difficult ; not eftsily apprehended or re-
solved. 3. Laborious ; arduous. 4. Diffloult to endure ;
severe ; unjust. 6. Stem ; imfeeling. 6. Harsh ; rigid ;
repelling. 7. Abrupt in utterance ; not aaplrftted, sibi-
lated, or pronoiuiced with a gradual change of the organa
from one position to another ;— said of certain oonao-
nanta, aa c in ram«, and g In go^ as distlng. fr. tbe same
letters in center^ general^ etc. ^ adv. \. With pressure
or difficulty. 2. Uneasily; slowly. 3. Violently; ener-
getically. 4. Close or near.
Hrn. — Powerful ; trying : stubborn ; stem ; harah ;
dUHcult ; obdurate ; rigid. Bee Bolid, and AaDtrous.
Hard'fln (hi&rd'*n), v.t.Ai. 1. To make or become
hard or harder, or fuin or compact 2. To strengthen.
Hard'ened (-*nd), a. Made hard, or harder.
Syn. —Impenetrable ; hard; obdnrate: callous; nn-
feeling : unsusceptible ; Insensible. Bee Obduratb.
Hard'-flat'od (-fTst/Sd), a. L Having bard or atrong
hands. 2. Cloee-flsted ; niggardly.
HafAlUOk' (-hikO, n. A very aatringent shrub.
Hard'-lMart'Od (-httn'Sd), a. Unsympathetic ; cmel.
Har'dl-hOOd (liKr^dT-liddd), n. Boldneas, united with
firmness of mind ; intrepidity ; also, impudence.
Syn. — Intrepidity ; courage ; pluck ; andadty.
ftra.
6rb, r^fdft, (^^ Am, food, foTot, ua(, oil, dkair, so, ainsi ink, then, thin.
MARblLY
262
HARVEST
Bai'ai-lj (MU'dT-iy), adr, Doldly ; resolutely.
HlfAIn (hJ&rdlsh), a. Somewhat bard.
Baidij«a<lv. [AB. heardlice.] 1. In a hard manner ;
with diflleulty. 8. Unwilling^. 3. Soaroely; barely;
not quite : not wholly. 4. SeTerely ; harably.
HardlMStt n, 1. The being hard. 2. Cobeaioo of
parttdes on the aarface of a bodv« determined by ite ca-
paci^ te scratch anotberf or be itaelf acratched. 3.
PeouUar chemical quality of water having mineral salt*
diiBolTed in it, unfltting it for washing purposes.
Hilt^UI' (hird'pXnO, n. 1. The hard stratum of
earth lying beneath the soiL 2. The substantial funda-
mental quality of anything. [Written also hard pan. ]
Haidwlp, n. That which is hard te bear, as toil,
privation, injury, Injustice, etc tbt*cui^* I
BMXA'-^Mtkf (-tikOt n- Soldiers* and saUors* hard|
Bta^'mn^ (-wtr^), n. Ware made of metal, as out-
lenr, kitehen utenidUs, ete. ; iroinuongery.
Bar'dy (hiir'<m, a. [F. hardi, p. p. fr. OF. hardir to
make bold.] 1. Bold ; stout. 2- Confident ; shameless.
3. Strong ; firm ; compact. 4. Inured to fatigue or hard-
ritips ; enduring. 6. Able to withstand the cold of winter.
Han (hftr), i». [AS. hara.] A swift, timid rodent,
having long hind
legs, a short tail,
aiKl a divided up-
per lip.
(hEr'bUO* "• A
small, slender,
branching plant,
having Uue beli-
shaped flowers ; —
called also blue- European H«re {Ujms timidtu),
beU, [Written also Aa^rM/.l
Hann^ralllOd' (-brind^), a. Wild ; giddy ; heedless.
BmOlp' MTp/), M. A Up ipUt like a hare's.
Ba^rtm (hi'r«m), n. [Ar. Aoram.] [Written also Aa-
ram and hareem.'] 1. The women's apartmente in Mo-
hammedan families. 2. Family of wives and concubines
belonging to one man ; seraglio.
H«rl-COt(hir1-k*;F.A'rt^0»»- fO 1. Aragwit
or vtew of meat with vegetables. 2. Ripe seeds, or un>
ripe pod, of the common string bean, used as a vegetable.
HTH-lni'ri (hii'rT.kM'rt), n. Hara-kiri.
Baik (hkrk), r. i. To listen ; to hearken. [Chiefly
used in the imperative, as an interjection.]
Barla^nln (hXrnt-kTn or-kwtn), n. [F. arteqnin^
prob. fr. OF. hierlekin, hellequin, goblin, elf.] A buf-
foon, dressed in party-colored clothes ; merry^ndrew.
BaiOot (-ISt), H, [OF.] A lewd woman ; prostitute ;
strumpet. — a. Wanton ; base. — Bai'lOt-iy, n.
Hani (hirm), n. [AS. hearm.} 1. Misfortune. 2.
That which causes injury or loss. * r. t. To hurt.
Syn* — lOschief ; evil ; loss ; injury. See Miscribp.
Barmfol, a. Full of harm : hurtful ; mischievous.
Hamlaaa, a. 1. Free from harm ; unhurt. 2. In-
offensive. — Hami'lan-lT, adv. — HarmlaM-noaa, n.
Sjn. — Innocent ; innonous: innocuous; fanoffenslve;
unoffending ; unhurt ; uninjured ; unharmed.
Bar-moil'lo(har.mOn^), )a. [h. harmonims. See
Bar-mon'io-al (T-kal), f Harmont.] 1. Concord-
ant ; musical ; consonant. 2. Relating to musical har-
mony, — as melodic relates to melody ; harmonious.
Bar-monl-oa (-t-k&), n. Musical instrument of vi-
brating glass or metal.
Bar-monloa (-Iks), n. L Science of musical sounds.
2. P<. Secondary tones ; overtones.
Har-mo'lll-OllB (-mynT-fis), a. "L Adapted to each
other; mrmmetrical. 2. Agreeing in* action or feeling.
3. Vocally or musically concordant ; syniphonious.
Hai^mo-alat (-mft-nTst), n. 1. One who shows the
agreement or harmony of corresponding passages of dif-
ferent authors. 2. A musical composer.
Bar-BM^Id-inB (liilr-m8'uT-&m), n. Small reed oifaa.
Hai'teO-lllMi (-ui^uis). V, u &, t. To be, or make,
harmonious. — Hai'BO-IMalkNI, n.
Har^lBIMiy, n, [L. Aormonio, Or. ^pfu^U joint, pro-
portion, concord, fr. epf^ *^ joiiaing.] 1. Just adapta-
tion of parte to each other ; agreement prodnang unity
of effect. 2. Oonoord in facts, opinions, interests, etc ;
peace and fri<>ndship. 3. A literary work which brings
together parallel passages respecting the same evente, and
shows their oonsistency. 4. {a) A succession of musical
chords according to the roles oi progression and modula-
tion. (6) Science of sooh ooostractlon and pragresEion.
8yn. — Uarmoitt ; Mblodt. — Barmony resuks from
concord of sounds of different pitoh and quality. Met-
ody denotes the pleasing variety of musical and meas-
ured sounds, as they succeed eacn other in a single verse
or strain.
Har'Heaa (-nSs), n. [OB. & OF. haxnei*; of Celtic
origin.] 1. Orig. , the complete dress of a ipan or hone ;
armor. 2. Equipment of a horse, for drawing a wagon,
etc : gear ; tackling. ^ r. /. To equip ; to array.
Haip (hiirp), n. [AS. hearpe.] A musical stringed
instrument, played with the fingers. ^
r. i. 1. Xp plsy on the harp. 2. To
dwell on a subject tediously or monot-
onously. — Harp'cr, Haipvt n,
Harp'lllf a (harpTngi), n. pi. Fore
parte of the wales, encompassing
ship's bow. [Written also harpinsJ
Bar-POOn' (hKr-p05nO, n. TF. h*
pont LL. karpo,"} A Murbea fishing
spear, ^v. L To strike, cateh, or kill
with a harpoon. — HaT poon-eai', Bar-
Baij/wU^atA (hiirp'sT-kdrd). n.
[OF. harpechorde.'\ A harp-shaped in-
strument of music set borisontally on
lem, — now superseded by the irfano.
Haz'lpy (hir'py), n. [L. harpyia^
Or. opsiHo, fr. root of ipwd^tiy to
seise.] L A fabulous monster, raven-
ous and filthy, havine a woman's face
and i^ture's body. 2. An extortioner. . .
ropean moor bussard Of marsh harrier. (6) A shoii-
wmged American eagle, ranging from Texas to BraciL
aSSSS. }<■*"**«•>•"• A" «*!«'«»•
Hara-daa (hir'rT-don), n. [F. AarMftfe a worn-out
horse, jade.] A worn-out strumpet ; hag.
Harll-ar (-'i')s2< [Fr. hare.l A.small hound used for
hunting hares. [Written also karier.']
Baifllcr, n. 1. One who harries. 2. One of several
spedet of hawks or bustards which fly low and Aarry
raudl anhnals or birds.
HafkOfW (-i^)t n. [AS. hearge.J An implement set wHh
teeth, and drawn over plowed nnd to level It. ^ r. t.
1. To smooth with a harrow. 2. To torment ; to vex.
Harfry (-Tf)f v. t. [as. hergian to ravage, fr. here
army.] 1. To strip ; tolay waste. 2. To agitate ; to har^
row ; to harass.
Syn.— To ravage ; pillage ; vex ; worry ; \aixtm,
Harah (harsh), a. [OE. Aar«A ; akin to G. hartch ; fr.
rootofE.Aanf.] L Rough; disagreeable; nating. 2.
Morose ; abusive. — HaxuilF, adv, — HaiWliaaa, n.
Syn.— Roughness: asperity ;tartneaa. SeeAcBinoxT.
Hart (hSrt), n. [AS. heort.l Stag ; male red deer.
Hartalioni' (hiutt'hdm'), n. L Horn or antler of
the hart, or male red deer. 2. Spirite of hartshorn, a
solution of ammonia in wster ; volatile salts.
Hai^nm-aoai'lllll (hftrllm-sktr'&m), a. Wild ; rash.
Ha-nirploa (hi-rfit/pTs), n, [F., fr. L. kartupe^'}
A diviner of ancient Rome : aruspfoe.
Har'Ttal(hllr'T«st),n. [AS.Arr/est.1 L The gather-
ing of a crop ; season of gathering grahi and fruits, late
ft, fi, 1, 5, II, knf ; A, <^ 1, 5, 0, tt •iM'rt > •«>'^ ^^^"o^ t<^ ^^y* <^te* c'^* i^™' ^^ ft''* ?^
HARVESTER
263
HAWKER
„ _ .jrlymiitumn. 2. A crop. 3. 0«in; r»w»rd.
— r. t. Td reap or gather. — Hai'Tast-ar (hSKv&t-ap), ».
Has (liSz), M pers. ting, pre*, of Have.
HasIi {\Ajh\ n. [F. haehU^ It. hacher to hash.] 1.
K^ter bashed or chopped ap; meat and Tegetables
chopped iuto small pieces and mixed. 2. A new mix-
tare of old matter. — v. t. To mitice and mix.
HiSVeesk I (h&ih'Sdh), n. [Ar. h(uhUh.'\ A gnm
HjuiIi^bJi ) reein produced by the hemp, aarootic
•ud iutoxicatinf t bbaog.
HaiO*! (hls^lSt), n. i¥. k^eUUe* broU, fr. hiute
■pit ; of. L. hasta spear, ORG. harsi gridiron.] The
heart, lirer, etc., of a hog. [Written also harslet?]
Hasp (hAsp), ». [AS. hiepae.) A clasp ; metal strap
fastened by a padlock or pin ; hook for a door. ^ v. t.
To faaften with a hasp.
Hai'SiOOk (hS/sfik), n. [Scot, a besom, anything
bushy, W. hesg sedge, rushes.] 1. A rank tuft of bog
grass; tussock. 2. Cushion; footstool.
Hast (WUt^, 2d_pers. ting. pret. of Hays. [^rcAatcl
Has^tste (iii /iStT l a.'[L hastatus^ fr. haila spear.'
HaStS-tM (-tt-tfid), ( Shaped like the
head of a hnlV^rd ; triangular, with the
bard angles or lubes spread ins.
Haste (hist), n. [AUntoO. AOFries.
Aoj/.] 1. Quick motion ; speed ; expedi-
tion. 2. Hurry; urgency; vehemeoce.
— «r. /. & i. To hasten.
Syn. — Hastx : Huuit : Stsbd ; Dis-
patch ; quickness ; expadition ; pre^ipi-
▼ehemeni " *
, prdcipiti^oa. — UaMe
denotes qaickn3ss of action and a strong HAatata Tjemi
deaire for getting on: A«rry includes a ""■"*• "'~'
confusion and want of collected thought not implied in
katie ; tpeed denotes the actual prosress made ; dUpatchy
the rapidity with which things are done.
Has'ten (has^n), v. t. & i. To push on ; to hurry.
Has'ty (his'^, a. 1. InTOlTing haste ; done, made,
eto., in haste. 2. KoTing in a hurry ; rash ; ewer. 3.
Indicating a quick temper. — Has'tt-ly, adv. — Has'ti-
Hat (hSt), n. [AS. Ass/.] A covering for the head.
HltOA (liXch), V. t. [F. hacher to chop, hack. See
Hash.] To cross with lines in drawUig and engraving.
flUtdlt V. i' [O. hecken.] 1. To produce (yoimg)
from an egg. 2. To contrive ; to concoct. -^ v. i. To pro-
duce, or come forth from the egg. — n. 1. Act of
hatching. 2. Development; discovery. 3. Chickens
product by one incubation ; brood.
Hatdl, n. [AS. hme.} 1. A door with an opening
over it ; a Iialf door. 2. Weir in a river, for catohing
iLih, 3. Flood gate. 4. An q;»ening in a ship's deck or
warehouse floor, for a passageway or hoiatway ; cover
for such an opening. — > v. t. To close with hatelies.
Hatdb'-boaV (hSch'bot'), n. A fishing vessel whose
deck conatjts mostly of movable hatches
Hatoh'al (-«), n. [Akin to Q. hechel."] A toothed
instrumeut for cleaning flax or hemp from the tow or
course part ; a large comb ; — called also haekle and
kwkie. — r. /. limp. & p. p. H atchklbd or Hatchkllxd
(•4nJ) ; D. pr. & vb. n. Hatchbuno or Hatchsluno.] To
draw (flax, eto.) through a hatehel, to separate refuse
parts from the flue.
HatOlfet (-«:), n. [F. haehette, dim. 4>i hache ax.]
A small, short-hmdled ax to be used with one hand.
Datoll'way' (-wi'), n. An opening in a deck or floor
forpassage from one story to another.
Hata (hit), V. L [AS. haiian.\ To disUke intensely.
— n. Strong aversion ; detestation ; — opp. to lore.
Syn. — To Hatb ; Abhor ; Dktb3T ; Abominate ;
Lo VTRB. — Hate implies that onn Is inflamed with extreme
dislike. We abhor wluit is deeply repugnant to our feel-
ings. We detext wh<%t contradicte our principles and
mini sentimente. Wliit we abominate hom equal vio-
lenee to monl and religious sentiments. What we loathe
is offensive to our own nature, and excites disgust.
Hataftal (hif ful), a. Exciting or deserving great dis-
like or disflust. — Hataflll-ly , adv. — Hatdllll-lMflB, n.
Syn* — Odious; detestable; abominable; execrable;
loathsome ; abhorrent ; repugnant ; malevolent.
Batb (hSth), 3d per*, ting. pret. of Have. Has.
Hatred (ha'trfid), ft. Aversion ; intense dislike.
Syn. — 111 will ; enmity: hate; rancor ; •detestation ;
loathing ; abhorrence ; antipathy. See Odium.
EaXtm (hitOSr), M. One who makes or sells hats.
Hangh'tt-lieMI (hf^tT-nSs), n. Disdain ; arrogance.
Syn. — Hauohtuibss ; Arrooancb : Dibdaih ; con-
temptuousness ; superciliousness ; loftiness. — Haughti'
nett denotes the expression of conscious and proud supe-
riority : arrogance is a disposition to claim for one's self
more than is justly due, and enforce it to the utmost ;
disdain is the reverse of condescension toward inferiors,
manifesting how far below ourselves we consider them.
Hangl^ (-tj^)i a* [F. hautainj fr. haut high, fr. L.
altut. ] Disdainfully proud. — HaoJCll^ly , adv.
Hani (hill), r. t. [OE. Aa/en, F. haler; akin to AS.
ieholian to get, L. colore to summon. Or. xaXiiif to call.]
^ To pull; to drag. 2. To transport Inr drawing, as with
horses, eto. — r. £ To change the direction of a sliip
by hatding the wind, or turning the ship's head nearer
to the point from which the wind blows. — n. 1. A vio-
lent pulL 2. A single draught of a net. 3. That which is
caught or gained at once. €. Transportation by hauling ;
distance through which anything is haiUfd. — Hanl'ar, n.
Haulm (hum), n. [AS. healm.'] Stems or stalk of
grains, beans, eto. ; straw.
yf^nwrfi (hknch), n. [F. AancA«, of Oerman origin.]
The hip ; part of the body betwe«) ribs and thigh.
Haunt (hKnt), v. t. & t. [F. hanter.} ; To visit perti-
naciously or intnujvely ; to frequent as a ghost or appa-
rition. — n. A place of frequent resort.
Hantlwy (hS'boi), n. [F. hautboi* ; havt high -f boit
wood ; — named for ite higli tone.] A wUid instrument,
similar to the clarinet. Now called oboe.
llHan'tanr'(h9't8rO«n. [F., fr. Aau/ high.] Haughty
manner or spirit ; haughtiness ; arrogance.
Have (hiv), V. t. limp. &p. p. Had (hSd) \ p.pr. &
vb. n. HAvnra. Indie, present, I have^ thou haU^ iie
hat ; we, ye, they have."] [AS. habben.] 1. To hold in
poeeessiim or control ; to own. 2. To take or accept ; to
?Bt. 3. To desire ; to require. 4. To bear (a child, eto.).
o hold, regard, or esteem. 6. To be compelled ; — fol-
lowed by an infinitive.
Syn. — To possess ; to own. Bee Possass.
BaT^e-lOCk (hSv^-lSk), n. [Name of an English gen-
eral.] A light cloth covering for head and neck, as a
protection from sunstroke.
Ha'van (hi'v'n), n. [AS. hxfene.\ 1. A bav or
mouth of a river, giving shelter for slUpping ; harbor ;
port. 2. Place of safety ; asylum, ^v. t. To shelter.
HaT^ar-aaok (hlv^r-sSk), n. [F. havretac^ Q. haber-
tack^ nek for oats.] A case for carrying rations, eto.
Hav'OO (-6k), n. [W. A^/oo.] Wide and general de-
struction ; waste. ^ v. t. To devastate ; to destroy.
Haw (ha), n. [AS. haga.] X, A hedge; inclosed
yard. 2. Fruit of the hawthorn.
Haw, n. The third eyelid, or nictitating membrane.
Haw, n. A hesitation of speech ; sound so made. ^
V. i. To speak hesitatingly.
Haw, v.i.&U [Written also hoi."} To turn (cattle
or a team) to the near side, or toward the driver.
Ha-wallan (hA-wi'yan), a. B3longing to Hawaii or
the Sandwich Islands. — >n. A native of Hawaii.
Hawk (hftk), n. [AS. Ao/oc, hea/oe.'] A rapacious
Ur1, resembling the falcons, but having shorter wings. ^
r. t. 1. To catoh birds by means of hawks. 2. To at-
tack on the wing ; to soar and strike like a hawk.
Hawk, V. i. & t, [W. AocAt.1 To raise (phlegm)
noisily. — n. A noisy raising of phl^^ from the tliront.
Hawk, V. t. [Akin to O. hocken to higgle.] To offer
for sale by outory ; to peddle. — Hawk'ar, n.
fim, recent, Crb, r^de, f ^ill, Ibn, fdod^ f<^t^ out, oil, cbair, ^ tin^, i^, then, U|iD.
HAWK-EYED
264
HEART
Sawr-«yta'(b||k'!dO,a. Sharp«ighte4;diacerning.
HawM (h|S or bis), n. X. Sitiuitioo of the cabltM
when ft vaMei is moored with two anchors, oue <m osch
bow. 2. Distance sliead to which cables ezteud.
Hswi'Mr (hKs^r or bas^r), n. [P. httuuer to lilt,
raise, LL. altiare^ it. L. aXtu* liigh.] A large rope.
lISWtkfl(]|'(b||^dniO,n. [k%.'hagapom.'\ A thorny
shrub, having deepiv lobed, shining leaves, and a fruit
catted haxD ; — used in Europe for hedges.
Bay (hi), fi. [AS. hig; it. root of B. Aeur.] Onus cut
and cored for f od<ler. •» v. i. To cut and cure grass for ba v.
Hs|r fivar, nasal catarrh, affecting some oersons in
SiMring and summer. — Hs|r press, a jwess for baling hay.
HaroMk' (hTkOkO, n. A pile of hi^ in the field.
EajnaH' (-ISff ). n. A loft or scaffold for hay.
Haf^!— W^ <-mou^), N. 1. A mow or mass of hay laid
up la a bam for presenratioa. 2. Place for storing hay.
EKflkk' (-rfk'), Http'ttMk' (-stikO, n. Stack or
pile of hay in the open air.
■tytlHyi i'tX-an), a, Pertaiuing toHaytL— m. A
native of Hayti. [Written also /Tai/itm.]
maf$Mt (his'Srd), n. [F. hasard.] 1. A game of
ehanoe played with dice. 2. An uncertain result;
ohanoe. 3. Risk; peril.
8yn.— Danger; risk; chaaoe. Bee Dakou.
— r. /. To pot in ifoagw of loss or injury ; to risk.
Syn. — To Tenture ; risk ; Jeopard ; peril ; endanger.
H«a'afd-«ia (-tts), «. Exposed to hasard ; risky.
Syn. — Perilous; bold; daring; adventurous.
_j(bls),ii. [Of. Icel. A<}««, AS. Afffti gray.] Ught
▼appr or smoke in Uie air; obscurity ; dimness.
BmM, r. t. [Also kase."] [Cf. Bw. Aotm to hamstring,
fr. has hough.] 1. To harass with diiBoult work. 2. To
play abusive tricks upon.
Bt'Ml (bi'sl), n. [AS. fUKsen A smaU tree bearing
edible nuts ; the Albert, -^a. 1. Consisting of hsxeU, or
of the wood of the hasel ; derived from the hasel. 2. Of
a liffht brown color, like the haselnut. — Hft'lti-init^ n.
Ha'IJ (-B/)t a. 1. Thick with base : not clear. 2. Ub-
scnre : confused. — Hft'Bl-lT, adv. ~ tUfMi-mum, n.
H* (hS), profi. Inom. Bb ; posg. Hn (hTs) ; obi. Hm
(hTm); pi. nom, Ttact (thE); pou. Tnn or Thbies
(thtn or thin) ; o^- Them (th«in).] [AS. hi, masc
ke6, fern., hU^ neut. ; pi. Af, or A<>, hig; prob. akin to
L. hfc this.] 1. The male person preriously * '
2. Anyone: the man or person.
f designated.
I (hM), «. [AS. A^/orf.] 1. The snterior or su-
perior part of an animal, containing the brain, moutli,
etc. ; polt 2. Uppermost part. 3. Chief ; leader. 4.
Place of boDor or command ; front. 6. Each one among
many. 0. Ear of grain, etc. ^ a. Principal ; chief ;
leading; first, — r. f. L To be at the head of ; to lead.
2. To fit or furnish with a head. 3. To cut off the top
of ; to lop off. 4. To go in front of ; to hinder or stop.
6. To set on the head of. — r. t. 1. To originate ; to have
Its source. 2. To go or ix^t in a certain direction ; to
tend. 3. To form a head.
HmUPaoIm' (hCdlkO. **• P«in fn the head.
Haad'dlWS' (-drSa^), n. 1. A covering for the head.
2. Manner of dressing or adorning the hair.
Bead'Mr, n. 1. One that heads nails, rivets, etc. ; a
machine for heading. 2. (a) A brick or stone laid with
its shorter face or head in the
surface of the wall, (b) A
timber fitted between two
loM timbers (" trimmers "i
and supported by them, and
carrying the ends of the Bltort
pieces (** tailpieces **). 3. A
reaper for wheat, that cuU off a a Trimmen : h Header;
the heads only. 4. A plunge « <^ '^ Tailpiece.,
headforemost, as from a bicycle, or in bathing. [C0//09.]
R«ld'flntMhMMSn«tO, \adp. With the head
' (-nJr'mSrt'), ( foremost.
i part of a bridle or halter
EmMag (bSdTng), n. 1. Act or slate <g one timft
heads; formation of a liead. 2. That which is at the bead ;
title. 3. Material for heads of casks, barrek, etc 4. A
gallenr, drift, or adit in a mine ; end of a gallny. 5. Tbat
end of a stone ivesented outward in masonry.
lltartlilMl (-Und), n. 1. A cape ; promontory. $. A
strip of unplowed land at the ends of furrows.
BMdlOllC (-IQng'), adv. [OE. hedling, hevedlynge ;
prob. confused with E. long.} 1. With the hesd ioi^
most. 2. Rashly. 3. Hastily.— > a. Precipitate.
HMld'pteoe'(-p6s'),». l.Read. 2. A cap of defense;
esp. , an open one, dieting, f r. a closed bdmci. 3. Under-
standing ; mental faculty. 4. An engraved oruament at
the head of a chapter or page.
HMld'qiartMB (-kwffi^tSre), n. pi. Raddenoe of a
chief officer ; place from which orders are issoed.
HMd'ghip, n. Authority ; chief place.
"■""'"' (hMi'man), n. An executiooer.
(hSd'sprlng'), n. Fountain
|-rt]|l'), n. Tluit I
which encompssses the bead.
HMd'StOlM' (-stOnQ, ft. LPrindpal stone In a founda-
tion ; comer atone. 2. Stone at the head of a grave.
HMld'MroilC'(-str5nflO>a- 1- Not eaaUv restrained ;
stubborn. 2. Directed by ungovernable wfil.
Syn. — Violent; obetinste; ungovernable; stubborn.
n— d^>y^ (-wSO« «•• 1- Progress made by a moving
ship ; success. 2. Clear ^woe under an aicb, girder,
etc^ sufficient for passing underneath.
HMd7 (h«d7), a. 1. WUlful: rssh. 2. Apt to a^
feet the head ; intoxicating. 3. Violent ; impetooot.
HmU (hSI). V. /. FAS. AJtofi, fr. Ad/ hale, whole.] L
To make hi^, sound, or whole ; to oure ; to restore to
health. 2. To reconcile (a difference); to free from
guilt. — r. i. To return to a sound state. — HmI'V* »•
HMUKhSld), n. Aheddle.
HMdtll (hnth), n. [AS. hMtp, fr. Aa/.] 1. State of
being hale or whole, in body, mind, or soul ; freedom
from discAse or pain. 2. A wish of heslth snd happiuess.
HMltlirfvl, a. 1. Having health ; well ; sound. 2.
Serving to promote health ; wholesome ; salutary. 3. Iu>
dicating, or resulting from, health or soundness.
EmU]I^(-]^), a. 1. Enjoying health ; free from dis-
ease. 2. Evincing health. 3. Conducive to health;
salutary. - HMltlll-ly (-MV), a<f r. — HMltlll-Btn, «.
Syn. — Vigorous ; sound ; hale ; salubrious ; healthfuL
Emp (l>Sp), R. [AS. he&p.l L A crowd ; thrcng;
large quantity of tltingM. [Note Low or Hvmorous] 2.
Pile or mass. — r. t. 1. To accumulate. 2. To throw in a
heap ; to pile. 3. To fill (a measure) more than even full.
Htiur (IiSr), r. t. [imp. & p. p. Hearp (htrd) ; p. nr,
& vb. n. Hkarino.] [AS. Af^an, heran.} 1. To perreive
by the ear. 2. To listen to ; to heed ; to try in a judldsl
court. 3. To attend ss a hearer or worshiper. 4. To se-
cede to the wishes of. •» r. tf. 1. To perceive aoond. 2.
To attend. 3. To receive information.
Emttagy n. 1. Perception of sound ; senae by which
sound is perceived. 2. Attention to what is deOverrd ;
opportunity to be heard ; audience. 3. A listening to
fscts and evidence, for adjudication ; session of a court
4. Extent within which sound may be heard ; eanhot.
HMXk'MI (h&rk'^n), r. i. [AS. hercnion, fr. Af^mn,
hffran, to hesi'.] To listen ; to attend to what is uttered.
Syn. — To attend : listen ; hear ; heed. Bee Attkvo. r. i.
Hatf'say^ (hSr'eaO, n. Report ; rumor ; common talk ;
somethirg heard from nnother.
Hearse (hSrs), n. [F. he^jte harrow.] A oarrlage for
conveying the desd to the gmve.
Heart (liMrt). n. [AS. hebrte ; aUn to O. Aers, L. cor,
Gr. icapSia^ «n7P>] 3U A hollow, rouaonlar organ, wliote
contrartions keep up the circiilstion oi the Uood tlirou^
the body. 2. &r>^t of the affection*, and of moral life
and charact«>r. 3. Inmost or moat essential part ; chief
or vital portion ; center of efllrlent action. 4. Courage ;
&, 3, f , 5, a, long ;&,«,!, 5, tt, f, short ; sentte, 3vent, tdea, 3bey, llnite, cftre, JUm, Aak, §n.
HEARTACHE
265
HEDGE
JliWb. \ )
toe by \y
5. A roondiah flgnro uaed as » qrmbol or repre-
aanUtlv* of the hfMii. 6. One of a mtIm '
plajinc caids, difltinguishad by this figure.
^BbStHuiM (hKrt/ikO« »• Mental aogoiah.
HMIt'felO'kin (-brS'k'n), a. OverooCne *
enuhing torrow ; deeply grieved. g ^ ^jx
BtUtlNmi' (-bOni')« ». Burning eeoMtten"*'"^*^
in tbe •tonuu^, often with an iuclinatlon to vdmit.
HMIttilr (-fnt'), a. Hearty ; ainoere.
Htaxth (hiirth), n. [AS. heorii.'\ 1. Floor of a fire-
place. 2. Tbe home; fireaide.
HMBtk'StOlM' (hlrth'atOn^), n. Stone forming the
hearth; fireaide; home.
Htain-lT (bKrtnr-lf ), adv. 1. From the heart ; with
aineerity. S. With seal ; Tigoronaly ; cordially.
^n. — Sincerely ; cordially : lealoualy ; Tisorooaly ;
aetavely ; warmly ; eagerly ; ardently ; eanaeauy.
HMIt'lMB, a. 1. Without a heart. 2. SpiriUeai ; de-
spondent. S. Unaympatbetic ; orueU — HtanaOM-ly ,
ttiv. — HtajtltM IIOMl. n.
H*art'raBd'lllc(-ri$nd^ng),a. Cauaingintenae grief.
HMrt'0'-aM7(fakrte^,n. L Saae of heart ; peace
of mind. 2. A apeciea of violet;— called alao paiuy.
HMTftlULMa' (hKrf ahipf), a. Havinff the ahane of
a heart ; cbroate. Tdeapondent. I
HMlf Bifik^ (-sTk/), a. Sick at heart;!
Hitarf ■tllBg' (-atrTng^), n. A nerve or
tendon, auppoeed to brace the heart
HMTt^t a. 1. Pertaining to, or pro-
ceeding from, the heart ; eager. 2. Kx-
hibitinK fetrrngtli ; iii>iiij>l ; flnii. 3. Pru-
Ryn* — Ht4ttT¥ ; Coiiihal ; SmcEas ;
uuJ «inipni.''ity of fi-pluiRa ajid msumer^ ;
caniml r«fer« to thi^ wsiTmtli wttb ^rliieli fe^Llngi an» az-
|ir«B«#d ; ria.t7fT^ iuiptii.'ft tliat Khim #ipTi»flfon durranpouda
to thi« n'£Ll at9utiLU«^nt« xA thf* lieart.
Ent (Net J, ^^ [Ai^ hl^t»r ^ra. fr. Mf tiatl L A
fr.rrn Eel iiiUnTi/ rtCi lE'l i i i^fl ill th>- plldTlOri^VhJ 0\ in^'lOU
and erapomiion, ami miinlfeiUd In flT?» ti^u- «iui'* r^jra,
mechanical action, etc ; caloric. 2. High temperature.
3. Condition or color of a body, aa indicating ita temper-
ature ; redneaa ; fluah. 4. A aingle effort ; alngle courae
in a race. 6. Utmost violence ; ragft. 6. EKasperatioo.
7. Animation; ardor; fervency. 0. Sszual excitement
hi auimala. 9. Fermentation. ^v.t.A i. To make or
grow hot ; to inflame ; to fenueiit. — Heaf MT, n.
Btatll (hith), n. [AS. hSS.} L A low evergreen
flowering shrub, used in Great Britain for brooms, thatch,
beds, and for beating ovena ; — alao called heather^ and
fiair. 2. Place overgrown with heath or coarae herbage.
BmfthML (bS'tfa'n), n. [AS. kM9en, prop, an adj. fr.
kM8 heath, and orig., one who lives on heatha or in the
wooda (cf. pagan f fr. L. pagtu village).] 1. An individ-
ual of the pagan nationa ; an idolater. 2. An irreligloua
peraon.^o. 1. OentUe; pagan. 2. Barbarous; unen-
Bghteoed. 3. Irreligioua; acofBng.
Syn. — Figan ; gentile. See Paoah.
BMlbMI'doai (-dfim), n. 1. Region where heathen-
ism prevails; heathena collectively. 2. Heatheniam.
EmUmb-IiIi, o. L like or pertaining to heathens.
SL Rode ; aavage : crueL 3. Irreligious.
HM^llMB-Ini Hs*m), n. 1. Rites of a heathen na-
tion; Idolatry; peganlsm. 2. Rudeness; barbarism.
EmXI^Wt (Mtii'Sr), n. Heath. - HMth'ar-y, a.
EMth'y (hSth^), a. Full of heath.
Btev« (hSv), V. f. [imp. Hbavbd (hivd), or Hovb
(bSv) : p. p. Hbaysd, HoVb, formerly Hovsv(h9'v*n) ; p.
pr. k vb. n. Hbavhio.] [AS. hebban.] 1. To lift ; to
hoist. 2. To raise from the breast ; to utter with effort.
3. To cause (the breast or boaom) to swell or rise. ^v. i.
1. To be ndaed ; to riae. 2. To rise and fail witli alternate
a ; to awell ; to struggle. 3. To strain to do some-
thing difloult. 4. To retch ; to vomit.~fi. L An sITofft
to raise something, or to rise. 2. A rising ; a swell or
distention.
HMT'tB (liSv^'n), n. [AS. keo/on.'] 1. The region of
tbe air; firmament; sky. 2. Dwelling place of the
Deity ; stote of the blessed after death. 3. Perfect felic-
ity ; bUaa. — Hmt'MI-It, a. & adv.
HMT'tB-ward (-wSrd), a. & adv. Toward heaven.
Hmt^MT (liiv^r), n. 1. One that heavea or lifta ; a
laborer wlio handlea freight. 2. A lever.
Hmtmi (hSvz), f}. A disease of horsea, with difllcnlt
breathing and a peculiar cough.
Hmt^ (hSv'J^), a. [AS. hefg, tt. hebban to lift,
heave.] 1. Heaved or lifted with labor; weighty ; pon-
deroua. 2. Burdenaome ; oppreaaive ; hard to endure
or accomfdish ; grievous. 3. Burdened ; bowed down
with care, grief, pain, etc. 4. Slow ; aluggiah ; dull ; iu-
animate ; stupid. 6. Strong ; violent. 6. Xxmd ; deep ;
— aaid of aouud. 7. Dark with douda, or ready to
rain ; gloomy ; — aaid of the aky. 3- Impeding motion ;
cloggy ; — aaid of earth. 0. Not raised or made light.
10. Not eaaUydigeeted; — aaid of food.— arfv. Heavily.
— HMTl-Iy, adv. — HMT^-BMB, *».
R^Mom'A-dAl (hSb-dOm'i^ial), ) a. [L. hebdomada-
BilKdfND'A-da-ry (-dt-ry), I '<«, tr. kebdonuta,
-adit. Or. c/3doH^ aeven daya, fr. hrra aeven.] Conaiat-
ingof aeven daya, or oocurnng at weekly intervale.
IlcVe-tftte (-«-tit>, «• /. [L. hfbaore^ ■4atHm, to
dull, fr. hebes atupid.J To render obtuae ; to blunt; to
stupof y . — a. Obtuse ; dull. — Heb'e-tlld*, n.
He-tea1o (lil-briTk), a. [Or. •EAMMJwk.] Pert, to
the Hebrews, or their language. — He-mlp-ftl-lT, adv.
E^hnrlmk (liS'brt-Tz'm), n. 1. A Hebrew idiom or
custom. 2. Character of tbe Hebrews.
HeHm-llIt, n. One versed in Hebrew learning.
H«av«W (-bTn), n. [Or. •Bflpotw, fr. HebT^iMrf.]
1. Name for Abraham or his descendants; Israelite;
Jew. 2. Lragnage of the Hebrews. — a. Pertaining to
tbe Hebrews, their language, or ritea.
Heo'a-tomb (liSk'A-t^^m or -t6m), n. [Or. |ff«r6ft/9i| ;
hcar^ hundred -f Bovt ox.] A aacrifloe of a hundred
ozeu ; slaughter of many victiroa.
HeolEto (-k'l), n. & V. /. Hackle.
Jim/tMI^ (hSk'tilr' ; F. ftk'tir'), n. [F., fr. Or. Uor
r6» -\- F. are an are.] A meaaure of area, containing 100
area, 10,000 aquare meters, or 2.471 acres.
HM'tIo (hAc'tTk), a. [Or. {crunk haUtnal.
tive. fr. ix*^ to have.] L Habitual ; constitutional ; ner-
taining to alow waate of animal tiaaue. 2. Consumptive,
^fi. 1. Hectic fever; consumption. 2. A hectic fluah.
HaotO-gnm (-td-grSm), n HMao-fniUM, n. [F.
hfctogramnie, fr. Or. ^ar6y hundred + F. gramme gram.]
A measure of weiffht = 100 grams, about 3.527 ounces.
H«(/tO-gni9ll (-griO* n. [Or. Uarint -f- -graph.^ A
c<mtrivance for multiple c<mying from a surface of gela-
— ipAl
»r or hSk-tSlT-tar), n. [F.
HM/tO-ll'tre f heetdUrey it. Or. hcar^ + F. Mre
tin. [Written also hektogra\ . ,
HMno-U'ttr I (hac't«-18/t8r or hSk-tSlT-tar), n.
liter.] A measure of liquid capacity, contahiing 100
Uters or 1-lOth cubic meter, or 22.0007 imperial gallons.
HaotO-DM'tMr ) (hfikt^-mS^tSr or h8k-tiSnK»^r), n.
Hao'tO-OM'tre S [F. heeiomkrej fr. Or. 4miT^ 4- F.
mitre meter.] A meaaure of length, 100 roeters,828.00 feet
Heo'tor(hek'tSr),n. [A Trojan warrior, son of Priam.]
A bully ; insolent fellow. — r. /. d^ i. To bluster.
HM^(Mrt«re (hSk^^stSr or -sttr), n. [F. heetoHhr ;
Or. iKaT6¥ hundred + F> *t^«-'\ A measure of solidity,
' intaining 100 cubic meters, or 3631.06 cubic feet
Itod'dle (hid'dU), n. [Cf. Hbald.] One of the sets
of parallel doubled threads composing the harness which
guides warp threads to the lathe or Iwtten in a loom.
Hedge (hSj), n. [AS. hecg.l A thicket or fence of
bushes. — V. t. To fence with a nedge ; to protect. •■ r. 4.
1. To shelter one*s self from danger, risk, duty, respon*
lim, racMit, 3rb| r^de, f^ Am, food, f<jbt, out, oil, chair, so* •ins« il|k« then, Uiin.
HEDGEHOG
266
HELPLESS
ribaitj,«to.; todraUc; todink. 2. To ndooe ttie risk
of a wager by betting against the dde one baa bet on.
3. To avoid oommittiuff one*i aelf to anything definite.
Btdge prtwt, a poor, uliterate priest. —Hedge Mhoel, an
Qpen-air Mhool in Ireland ; school for rustics.
HadcelUlf' {layii}^), n. l. A smaU inseotiTOie, able
to rollitaell into a ball, and present spines oatwardly in
every direction. 2. Tbe C^anadfan porcupine.
Hadga'roW (-rS'), n, A row of shrubs, or trees, in-
closing or separating fields.
HMd(h8d),v. r&i. IAS. hgdan.} lb mind; to at-
tend ; to observe, ^n. Attention ; observation ; regard.
Syn.— To notice ; regard ; mind. See Armro.
Ha«dfnl (hSd'fvl), a. FuU of heed; cautkxis.—
H«id«ll-ly, adv. -HMiatnl-MM, f».
HMdlMS, a. Without heed or care ; inattentive ;
careless. — HMdl6M-lT, adv. — Ha«dl6M-]|0M, «.
HMl(hSl),v.i. [AS. heldan.'] To tip to one side.
Hfl^ n. rA& hila.'l 1. Hinder part of the foot, or
of a shoe, sock, etc 2. Latter nart of anything : oonclud-
ingpart.— r. I. To add a heel to (a shoe, etc.).
BMOap' (hSKtip'), n. 1. Leather forming the heel
of a shoe. 2. A small oortiooof liquor left in a glass.
H«ft (hSf t), n. [AS. h^e wei^U Weight ; the greater
partorbulkof anirthin(|^.i*v.lL_X. Toheavenp. ^
irythe weight of 'by nosing.
He-gl^ (h^jVrl or hSjOT-ri), n. ~[Xr. hijrah flight]
Tbe fl&bt of Mohammed from Mecca, Sept. IS, a. d. 622.
He^MT (hef'8r), n. [AA. he&f^ore.} A young cow.
H«lclt'-llO(ld^h5), <n/0r/. An exclamation of surprise,
joy, d^tion, uneasineM, weariness, etc
Hfllgllt(hlt),n. [Written also A^Ai.] [AS.AedA9«,
fr. keah hkh.1 1. Condition of bc^ high; altitude;
stature. 2. An eminenoe ; hill or mountain. S. Prom-
inence 4. Utmost degree of energy or condition.
HMght'«ll(hit^),r.l. [Written also Ai^A/^n.] I.T0
make nigh; to elevate 2. To augment.
Htl'toODS (hi^iia), a. [OF. ht&tos hateful, fr. AaVim
hate.] Hateful; flagrant; atrocious.— HatlMIW-ly,
adv. — HclfBOIW-lMM. n.
Syn.— Monstrous; flagrant; flagitious; atrocious.
Heir (tr), n. [OF. Aeir, eir, L. kertsA One entitled
to succeed to property after the death of iU owner.
Hdr'doill (tr'dlim), n. Successioo by inheritance
Hdr'ei, n. A female heir.
Hdrloom' i-lSbmf), n. [ffeir -f loam implement,
tool.] A personal chattel, which descends to the heir or
has been in a family for several generations.
Edl'ahlp (ftr^shfp), n. Right of inheriting.
He-JlYllTh*-i»'r* <»• Mjnr-rA), n. " *
Bt/kftaf,
Hegira. " [etcl
Hectere, hectogram,!
H*M (hnd), imp. &v. p. of Hold.
Eeai4U> (h8nT4Qk), He-U'A-oal (h^U'A-kal), a. [Or.
^A<-^'h'-£ l"'ti.iiLM t.. tli^' LI. Tr. ^\lvh '.iiij.l Bmerging
froMk i\i*- li^Hii ''1 t.Ur Min ; iv \a:\!, nr ^i'ttiir;; at oearlvthe
aa.ii)'?^ \h\i^ *A tJif^ Fiiiij — Be-11'a-cal-ly, mh, [spiral. \
Hel'i-cal n I ^t r[ -It al \,a. Lik ■< it prrtunlDpf to a helix ;
He 1 1-0-oen ^trtc 0 1 F IT-*- ^j/x ilk )» I «. [ Ifi?iio- -\- een-
Hfl II o-c«n^tiic-al ^itT kal), f SHc, fSCTi/ruw/.]
Prrt.*jiin»t!: to the Aim's cpntPT ; — opp* t© ^ar^^Urieal.
He'll th graph < -pr^f >♦ ti . [ IMio* 4- -prtJith . ] 1. Plc-
Inr** titkiMji by li*4iri(;7Tiipliy ; {iTjOitog mph^ 3^ Tiistmment
for t.ik jri tf t^li utofrmph N f*i thfr im n* 3 . Apjuirrtt us for tel-
iigni|th1iig' by th^ euit^ji ruyi. — - Hd'^il-o-graph'^lo, a,
Hv^tW£ft-pll? ( Bd'rtll), ft. r(jot<>}.'r.i|i]iy.
Erll-OPft-tlT ('Bl'A'trS'), II. [//e/«f^ I (if. Aavpcia
wor*liij>.] Sun worHhi>p.
Hell-o- fmpe C-^-trSp), a . [ Or. TjAurrp^n loy : ^toc sun
^- t;^f^r»vjf Nth tnm.] 1. Inwtninwnt «hoi4'lDf; vtUm the sun
Sj^ivM'l ttt Lhe triples uid «^fjiino»-t|fcl titif- 2. A very
fmirrsjit filaut ; — callrnl iIjwi htt-ntolv and r^tVntote. ft.
IiivtruoMiiil ior ilgnsliQg to « iliflUnce, by reflecting the
sun*8 rays from a mirror. 4. The bloodstone, a siliceous
stone sprinkled with red Jasper, as if with blood.
H*ai-04y»t(h«ai-«.tip},n. lffeHo-i-.4ype.'\ Picton
obtained by heliotypy. — HrU-0-typ^ (-tfpnfk\ a.
Bidm-^iw'Vf {-Wff),u. A transferring pictures f mm
photographic negatives to gelatin plates nom which im-
pressiODs are produced on paper as by litbogranhy.
H«niS (hWTks), «. ; fiTJL Bmucm (liJJKKii), E.
Hbjxh (hSaTks^s). [L. ; Or. &j^, -cmk, fr. cAiovsiF to
turn round;] 1. A nonplane curve like that formed by
the thread of a screw. 2. The rim of the eztemal c
S. A genus of land snaila.
HtfU (hSl), n. [AS. ; akin to
Aeian to conceaL] L Place of
the dead ; the grave SL State
of punishment for the wicked
after death ; abode of eva spiriU ;
mental torment S. Place for
outcast persons or things. An Ameriean spedMof
Htfa*-bart (hnatSr), n. ««!*«.( ^-^^^
[Or. 4AA^/fopo«.] 1. A perennial
Natl
herb of the Crowfoot family, of cathartic or poisonous
qualities. 2. A poisonous liliaceous plant
HaiaMM(-I«nlii. [Or.*EAAi|v.] A native of Greece; a
Oreek. — Htl.to^.«n.Hal-l«ll0 (-»nm(or-16^Tk),(r.
HtlOtn-lm (-lfo>Ti*m), ». 1. A Oreek phraee or
idiom ; a Oredsm. SL The ancient Oreek taste for cul-
ture, grace, and amenity.
Haulflh, a. Like or pertaining to heD; infernal;
wicked rdiaboUcaL - HtUldl-]/, adv. — H«U1alh
(hBlro), n. Haulm, straw.
, H. [AS. Aefma rudder ; akin to D. & O. A«Im.]
1. Apparatus for steering a ship, comprising rudder, til-
ler, wheel, etc 2. Ofllce of administration. S. A steer»>
man ; guide ; director.
HmBI, n. [AS.] A helmet
H^lfBMt (bSl'mSt), n. [OF., dim. of helme ; prob. fr.
root of AS. helan to hide.] 1. A defensive covering for
the head. 2. Something resembling a helmet
Htllnliitll (hn'mTntb), n. [Or. &^u%, -u«or, a worm. ]
One of the Helminthee
llHal-llllBtbes(-mTn^8s),ii. D^ [NL.,fr. Or. Hifun]
One of the grand divitions of the animal kingdom, in-
cluding a vast number of spedea, mostly paraiitic, as the
ti^ieworms, flukes, trichina, and gordlus. Called also
SniMminthe*, Enthdminiha.
Htl-mlBtlllo (-thTk), a. Of or relating to worms or
Helminthes; expelling worms.— n. A vermifuge; an-
thelmintic.
HelnuillUUI (hams'&um), n. The man at the helm ; a
steersman.
HtlOt (bSnSt or ba^), n. rOr. EiAmt and EtAt^nvr a
bondman of the Spartans.] A slave in ancient Sparte
HtOot-lm (•Ti'ro), n. Slavery.
Help (hSlp), v.L &i. [imp. & p. p. HsLTSD (hSlpt)
(Ob*, imp. HoLP (hClp), p. p.Hohnx (hSlp^u) ); p-pr-
& vb. n. Hbltiko. J [AS. helpan.'] 1. To aid ; to assirt
2. To furnish with relief ; to be of avail against 3. To
prevent ; to hinder. 4. To forbear ; to avoid. 6. To
wait upon (guests at table) by carving and passing food.
Syn. — To Hblp ; An> : Assist: succor : relieve : servr ;
support : sustain : befriend. — Tliese words all agree in
tbe Idea of afTordrng relief or support to one under diffi-
culties. Help refers especially to the source of relief.
Aid supposes cooperation on the part of him who is re-
lieved. AstiM primarily refers to relief afforded by one
who ** stands by ** in order to relieve It denotes both
hdp and aid.
— n. [AS.] 1. Aid : assistance ; person or thing fnr>
nishing aid. 2. Remedy ; relief. S. A helper ; one hired
to help another ; also, the whole force of hired helpers
in any business. 4. A domestic servant [Locals U. £.]
Htlp'Mr. fi. One that helps, aids, or reUeves.
Balp^ (-fvl), a. Furnishing help ; useful ; salutary.
HtlpliM, a. \. Destitute of help or strength ; unable
S, », 1, 5, «, kmg ; A, fi, I, a, II, 3^, short ; s««e, «vent, Idea, Obey, llnite, cAre, Jinn, Aak, f^n, flnoV
H£LI>L£SSLY
26f
mku.
fco betp one^s self ; feeble. 2. Bayond help ; irremediable.
— H^^lMs4y (bnp'ieo.ij^), adv.,
miii^maU^ i'tagf), EiAvnaaMt' (-mSt^), n. [Corrap.
of ** Mp meet for bim " of Genesu ii. 18.1 A belper ; wile.
Hal'tar-Sktlter (bfil'eSr-ekll'Uir), adv. lu hurry and
oonfuslon; irregularly. ICoU^q.']
HfllTO (hST), ». [AS. hief/'} Handle of an ax, etc
•-•V. t. To furoiah with a helve, as an ax.
Htm (hSm), inleH. A eonnd expreninff heeitation,
doubt, etc., a sort of voluntary half cough, loud or sub-
dued. ^ n. An utterance of this sound.^ v. i. To make
this sound ; to hesitate in speaking.
Htm, n. [AS., border, margin.] The border of a
Smient or cloth, doubled over and sewed. >*v. /. 1. To
Id and sew down the edge of. 2. To edge.
HenfA-tite (hCm'i-tit or hS'ini-), n. [Gr. a^iarin^
UoodUke, fr. aIfu^ aJfLarot.'] An important ore of iron,
ao called from the red color of the powder.
Hcm'A-tOlfl (-toid), a. Iffemato- -{- -oid.} Resem-
bUngUood.
B Haii'l-Fl«'gl-ft (■Y-DiS'jT-*), m&mfi-pWtfi-pivm,
n. CNL.,fr.Qr.i^tirAi}^ta;V(--f vAiyyifstr^e.] Palsy
affecting only one ide of the body.
H*-Iiupttr (ht-mTp^r), n. One of the Hemiptera.
l)He4nlp'to-n(-tt-r4),n.p/. [NL.,fr.Or.i}^haU +
wmpiv wing.] An order of hex-
apod insects haTlcg a Jointed
fwoboacis, including four shaip
stylets (mandibles and maxil-
lae), for piercing. — He-ml^-
tar-aL He-mlplMr-oiis, a. —
Ha-anptcr-an, n.
BMOfl-fphi&n (hSmT-sfSr^
f». JOr. iuu<p^aipui¥ ; ihbu- -f-
o^pa sphere.] 1. Half of a
sphere or globe, when divided iZ b
by a plane passing through its
center. 2. Half of the terres-One of tht Hemiptera iAr-
*'*l^!i?* . L'S.^R""S'"*^}' ■»*«' « Pn>bo«U. much
^iMT'lO (-sfSrak), Haml- mUrged.
■plwrOcHd, g.
Baml-saoll (-stTk), n. [Or. iiiMrrixM¥ ; run- -\- «T4xo»
row, verse.] Half a poetic verse ; an mcomplete line.
W
t(-lSk), n. [AS. Aem/ic, Aym/tc.l 1. A poi-
sonous umbelliferona herb ; conium. 2. A North Amer-
ican evergreen tree ; hemlock spruce. 3. Its timber.
HMn'OT-rhftg* (-5r-rtj ; 2), n. [Or. cufioppavta: aW
Mood 4- pyfytnivat to burst.] A discharge of blood from
the blooa vessels.
Hflm'or-llUlUbl (-roidx), n. pi. [Or. otMoppotSec (sc.
AA^/k«), pi., veins liable to discharge blood, tiemorrhoids,
tr. <JftM -\- ptly to flow.] Swelllings formed by'dllation
of blood vessels around the anus, sometimes discharging
I or mucus; pUes.
» (hSmp), n. [AS. henep^ hmnep ; L. ecmndbUt^
Qt. Mvro^tc.] A plant havi^ a fibroos bark used for
making cloth and cordage. — Haov'tll, Hamp^, a.
Hm (hfo), n. [AS. ; aUn to D. hen, AS. hana cock.]
The female of any bird, eq». the domestic fowl.
HaoOMBt' (-bin'), n. A poisonous plant, whose leaves
are used like belladonna ; called also, ttinking nighUhade.
HaBOa (hSns^, adv. [AS. heonan^ hine.'] 1. From this
place ; away. 2. From this time ; in the future. 3. From
this reason ; as a deduction. 4. From this origin.
Hanortath' (hftis^fSrth' or hfins'iOrth'). Hanoa'for'-
Wnd (-fttr'wSrd), <wfv. From this time fcHrward.
EfBfdifBUUI (hfoch'man), fi. [Prob. fr. AS. hengest
horse 4- B. man.] An attendant ; servant ; follower.
Bas'aora' (hSn^kS^), n. A coop or cage for hens.
Han-daera-ffOn (-dSk'A-gSn), n. t^r. Sp^ita eleven +
ymtia angle.] A plane figure of eleven sides and eleven
gles.^ [Written also endeeagon.]
1 (hSn'nA), n. [Ar. Ainnd.] A thorny shrub,
whose fragrant blossoms are ured by Buddhista in re-
ligious ceremonies. The powdered leaves furnish matter
med in the East for staining the nails and fingers, manes
of horses, etc., of a red color.
Hailfliar-y(h«n'n8r.j^),n. Place to keep hens. ll/:8.]
Han'paOk' (-pSkOt v. t. To subject to petty attempto
to rule ; — said of a wife who thue treats her husbacd.
Ha-paria (ht-pSt^k), a. [Or. lyiranink, fr. i)irap the
llver.T 1. like, or pert, to, the liver. 2. Pert to planU
called Hepmtiae, or scale mosses and liverworts.
Hap^-Ohara (hSp^tA-kfird), n. [Or. inriYopSof seven-
stringed; «irTa seven -f x^P^^ chord.] 1. lu ancient
music : (a) A system of seven sounds, (b) A lyre with
seven chords. 2. A musical composition sung to the
sound of seven chords or tones.
, Haptft-gon C-gSn), n. [Or. hrrdymvoi seven-cornered ;
nrrd + ymda angle.Y A plane figure having seven sides
and seven angles. — Hap-tes'a-lUll (-tlg'S-nol), a.
Hap-taa'gQ-lar (-tSs^gfi-ier), a. iHepta- -j- angular. ]
Having seven angles.
H«p^taroh-y (-tArk-f ), ». IHepta- -{- -arehy.l Gov-
ernment by seven persons ; a country under seven rulers.
Har (hSr), pron. A a. [AS. hire, gen. and dat. sing,
of he6 she. J Objective and possessive form of she.
Har'ald (bSr'ald), n. [OF. heralt, heraiOi.! 1. An:
dently, an officer who proclaimed war or peace, oore mes-
sages from the commander of an army, etc. 2. One
charged with the care of genealogies, armorial bearings,
etc. 3. One who announces. 4. A forerunner ; harbin-
ger. ^ V. I. To give tidings of ; to proclaim ; to usher in.
Ha-Sal'dlO (hl-rll'dTk), a. Pert, to heralds or heraldry.
Har'ald-nr (hSr^old-ry), n. Art or ofllce of a herald ;
science of recording genealogies, and blazoning arms or
ensigns armorial ; ahio, of marshaling processions, etc.
Har'ald-flUp. n. Office of a herald.
Bailk (8rb or hSrb), n. [OE. & OF. herbe, L. herba.]
A plant whose stem does not become woody and perma-
a. [L. herbneen* grassy.]
_ the nature*, texture, or char-
acteristios, of an herb.
HaiVaga (irytj or hSrb^J ; 2), n. [F.] Herb^ col-
lectively; gran; pasture.
HaiVal (-al), a. Of or pertainhig to herbs.
Hai1>'al (hSrt/al), n. . 1. A book describing plants. 2.
Collection of dried plants ; herbarium. — HarlKal-iat, n.
Har-ba'M-WB (hlr-bS^T-fim), n. [LL., fr. L. herba.}
1. A collection of dried specimens of plants, systematio-
ally arranged. 2. Oase for preserving dried plants.
llHar-biV'a-ia(-bIv'6-rA), »./»/. [NL.. fr. L. A«r6a -|-
vorare to devour.] An extensive division of Mammalia
which feed upon vegetation.
Har-litT'a-nma (-rib)* ^ Eating plants.
HailKy (Srb^ or hSrb'^), a. like, pertaining to, or
covered with, herbs or herbage.
Har-eil'la-ail (hSr-kul^-an), a. [L. hereuleut, fr.
fferctdei.'] 1. Requiring the strength of Hercules ; very
great. 2. Having extraordinary strength or size.
Har'an-laa (h8rnc<k-18s), n. A fabulous hero, son of
Jupiter and Alcmena, and of prodigious strength.
Baid (hSrd), n. [AS. A^ortf.1 JL A number of beasts
assembled together ; a drove. 2. Crowd of low people ;
rabble, ^v.u&t. To unite or associate in a iierd.
Herd's grass, a grass, of several species, valued for hay.
HarA, n. [AS. hirde, heorde.] Herdsman.
Emma (hSr'dTk), n. [Fr. Peter Herdic, the inventor.]
A kind of low-hung cab.
Harfi'DMUl (h8rd<^man), ) n. Owner or keeper of a
Harda'lliail (hSrdz'-), ) herd of cattle.
Hara (hSr), adv. [AS. ; akin to D. & O. hier; fr. root
of S. A«.J[ 1. In this place ; — opp. to there. 2. In the
present life or state. 3. To or into this place. 4. At
this point of time, or of an argument ; now.
Hsrs and thsrs, in one jpiace and another; irregularly. —
fim, noant, 6rb, r^da, f^ 0^^ ftfbd, ftfbt, out, oil, elialr, go, atng, ink, then, thin.
HEREABOUT
268 HESITATE
ell mUhtt IHT* Mr ttm, it U neither in this place nor
tlwt ; it ie to no tmrpoM, irrelevant, n(meenae.
Han'A-bOBf (hSr'i-bout^), I adv. About tliit place ;
• Bltn^MrbmiHaf (-boute^), ) in this vicinity.
Bm^^aVn (-ift^r), adv. [AS. herm/ter.] In time
to come. — n. Future exietenoe or state.
Hcr»-Af (-Xt')t odp. At, or by reaeon of, tliis.
H«n-1nr' (-bi'), adv. Bv means of this.
B0-nda-tft-ttU(li«-r«dY-t4.bM),a. [LL.JteredHabitu,
fr. hereditare to inherit, fr. L. keres heir.] .1. Capable
of being inherited, a. Qualitled to inherit.
HV^^lf ft-aMBt (hei^t-dlt'i-ment), n. [LL. here-
ditamentum.l Any property that may be inherited.
r7TM-i*n-t».ry),r^
H»TCd'l-U-ry <
fr. hereditat.} 1.
[L. heredUariu*^
Descended from an ancestor to au
lieir ftt law ; pasaing by inheritance. 2. Transmitted as
ft oonstttutional quality from parent to child.
Syn. — Ancestral ; patrimonial ; inheritable.
H«-rad1-ty (-ty), n. Hereditary trausmissioa of pa-
rents* pliysical and psychical qualiUes to their offspring.
Hdra-la' (h8^Tna adv. [AS. heHnne.'^ In this.
H«r#-^ (-5f' or -OvO, a<f f . Of this ; from this ; hence.
H9l^-#ll' (-8n0* <^^^' On or upon this ; hereup<Mi.
Her^^HiT (Mr^-sy), n. [Or. aip«<ri«, fr. aiptw to take,
choose.] L Ophiiou iield in oppositiou to the establiahed
doctrine, and tending to promote division. 8. Religioua
opinion opposed to the authorised doctrinal standards of
any particular church ; heterodoxy.
Bwr'^-tiO (-tTIi^, n. [Or. atpcruc^ aUe to choose,
heretical, fr. ot^tif.] I. One who holds to a heresy.
2. Roman Catholic name for a Protestant, or for cue
who refuses to believe the articles of faith ** determined
by the authority of the universal church.*' — He-rttl-
oal (ht-riJfT.kaf), «. — H«-Z«tl-oal-ly, adv.
8yii. — Hbrbtic ; Schuiiatic : Bbctariah. — A heretic
is one whose errors are doctrinal, and usnally of a malig-
nant character, tending to subvert the true faith. A ttrhu-
nuitie creates a aekisnL, or division in the church, on pointo
of faith, discipline, practice, etc. A tectarUm advocatea
4 »eei» or distinct organisation, which separates fnmi the
nuUn body of believers.
Htrt-tO' (h8r-t<90« <i<^« ^o this ; hereunto. '
n9g¥H4ate (hSr'tM-flSrO, adv. Up to this time;
hitherto ; before ; in time past.
B/Kn^Jm-W ('ttn.t5&0» «dv. Unto this ; hereto.
Hart^ttf-flB' (-Qp^HiO, adv. On this ; hereon.
Hw»-Wllll' (h8r-wTth' or -wTtliO, odv. With this.
H«lt-a-ttU (herat4l.bn), a. [of. flee HBBrrA«&]
L Capable of being inherited ; hiheritable. a. Capable
of receivfm by inheritance.
HiT^-Af« (-tj), n. [OE. & OF. heritage, eritage, fr.
UL. keredUare.] That which is inherited, or passes from
heir to heir ; inheritance.
H«MIIBplt'ro-dltO(h8r>mSf'rft-d!t), n. [Or. hfue^pi-
Bvnt^ fr. the myth that HermaphrodHw, son of Hermes
and Aphrodite, became joined in one body with Salmaois,
njrmph of a fount'Un in Caria.] One having both male
■Dd mnale attributes ; an animal or plant baring gener-
ative parte of both sexes. ^ a. Including, or being (tf ,
both sexes. — Htr-flU^ro^ttlO (-dTtmc), a.
Henaapltfodns brtg, a brig sqoare-rigged forward, and
sehooner-rigged aft.
HtrilM-lltlltIO (-ta^-ou'ttk), ) a. [Or. ipiiiiP^vrut^,
l^&tmb-timftto-9li t fr. cpMiyvevctr to in-
terpret.] Unfolding the signifloation : explanatory.
nerme-IIMi'ttni C-tTks), n. Science of interpreUtion
•ad explanation, esp. of the meaning of the Scriptures.
Ilflr-metio (-mStnrk), l a. [v. hermMique, f r. Her-
H<f-— t^iO-il (-T-krtl), ( mes Tri^meffiftu* (Or. 'Ep-
f&n> rpto-M^urroc, lit., Henne'* thrice greatest), the M>led
Inventor of astr-'losry and nlchetny.] 1. Pertaining to
Hermes Trismefristni ; ^Idtomical ; rhemic 2. llade
perfectly air-tight — Her-m«t'H-al-ly, adv.
Her'lnlt (hSr'mTt), n. [Gr. cpi^injc, fr. Ip^ptof lone-
ly.] One who rettxes from society and lives in solitude.
H«r')Odt-aff* (hSr'raTt4Q; 2\ n, 1. Habitatkm of a
hermit ; secluded resvience. 2. A French wine.
Her'ni-a (hSKnT-A), n. [L.] Protmsioa of any IntN'-
nal part through some opming in the inclosing mem-
brane ; rupture. — Htr'Bi-gl, a.
Beto (hS'rft), n. [L. hero*, Or. i|psK.] 1. Am Ulos-
trious man, audentlv supposed to be exalted, aftar death,
to a place among the gods ; a demigod. 2. A man of
disttuguished valor, enterprise, intrepidtty, etc 3. The
principal personage in a poon, story, etc
B*T0l0 (-rS^lOt «• 1- Uk*« or pertaining to, a hero.
2. Worthy of a hero ; brave ; lUustnoitB. 3. Larger than
life sise, but smaller than colossal ; — said of paintings or
statues. — H*-fo1o^-ty, cuff.
Srn. — Brave; intrepid: ootunsgeons; vaUant; boldi
giObnt ; enterprising ; noble ; magnanhnons ; aiastrkms.
Bm*94am (hir^-In), n. [Or. i^pmtv^^ fern, of ^mi
hero.] 1. A woman of heroic spirit. SL Principal femala
person in a remarkable action, poem, or story.
Hor^O-lni (-Tz*m), n. Qualities characteristie of a
hero ; dlq^y of sooh qualities.
Syn. — HBBomi ; Coiteaoi: FoarmrDi; BaATvaT;
VALOR ; iNTBBpmmr \ Oallaktbt. — Courage is generic.
denoting defiance of iianger : /ortitude is pauive oooMa,
the habit of bearing up nobly under dr~' ' -~^r^
ings ; bravery Is coursge dinrfayed la <
is courage in conflicts with Irving opponents; inirepid4tw
d SO^w-
ts; vmor
iMjlrm courage, which shrinks not amid the i ^,
ink dangers: gallantry is advtnhiTou* ooursge. dauiag
into the thickest of the fight. Heroism may oali into ex-
ercise all these modiflciAions of courage ItisacoDterapl
of danger, not from ignorance or inconsiderate levity,
but from a noble devotion to some great oanse, aii 1 a iniat
confidence of being able to meet danger in the spirit of
such a cause. Cf. Coueaob.
Hcr'OB (-fin), n. [OIL Aeirvun, kem^ OF. knitm,
AS. hragra.'] A wad-
ing bird, having a
long, sharp bill, and
long legs. The plumed
herons are called
egret*.
Hor'oii-nr (-rf), n.
Plaoe where herons
Htl^g (hSr'pSs),
!». [L., fr. Or. IpviK*
fr. s^irtiv to creep.]
An eruption of the
skin, esp. with vesi-
des in small distinct
clusters, and itching
or tinjgUng, including Kuropeas Hewn (^rrf«, cmoro).
shinidea, ringworm, . (i)
etc^-i«-p«Mo(.p«tnrk},«. ^^'
Hv'M-taFo^ (hSr'pAoi'S.aP), a. [Written, less
properly, erpetoiogy.] [Or. igvrriif leptils (fr. ffnrtv)
-h-W.] Katoral history «f reptiles.
nflMT (hCr). n. Oenaan title of respect givea to
gentlemen, equivalent to the BngUsh Mi^er.
H^ltef (hSr'rTng), n. [AS. hmring ; prob. akin to AS.
here armyj A smaU flah of the North Attaatic, whtek
moves in vast schools, coming in spring to the shoras of
Europe snd Aroerioa, where tiwyare salted and smoked.
HOTg(hSrz),j9ron. The form o< the possusslieAgr when
the nomi with which it sgrees Is not given, but Implied.
Her-MlF (hSr-sSlfQ* pron. 1. An omphaslaM form
of her. 2. Her reel cliaracter : her right mind.
By harssit, alone ; apart ; onacooinpanied.
Heol-taa-Of (h«sT-tan-«f ), n. [L. *«4<l(mf<(i a stam-
mering.] 1. A hesitating, or pausing to consider ; vactt*
lation. 2. A stammering ; a faltering in f<peeeh.
HMl-Ut0 (-tit), V. i. [L. hmetiiare, -tatum, I
fr. hnerere to hesitate, stick fast.] 1. To stop or |
to be uncertain. 2. To falter in spewing.
Syn. — To doubt ; waver ; deliberate ; fUter ; sfea&naer.
ft, 8, 1, S, a, h»g ; A, «, I, A, O, j^, short ; seoEte, «v•ll^ tdsa, Obey , Ibdte, oArs, mm, Ask, to, flBoL
HESITATION
269
HIGH
■••MrtiM (hltOr-tVUifln), a.
A ■temnnrinf.
L AhMltatliig. a.
BSiPtlMm Vpirrl-«n), a. luJesperUu, fr. A««p«-
r«i« eYWiing lUr, Gr. ivwtoat OTvnlag, ctnrflpoc iarnp
■ "' " -u] western; being in the west;
•T«iinc>tar. Cf. Vi
ooddentaL ~ n. L A netiTe of » weatern country.
[P00MO] a. A ekipper Cbntterfly).— a. Pertaintng to
A funay of butterflUM called ffe*piridm»or akippen.
B B«i^:p94llS (liSe^rfie), ». [L.] Yenua, when ebe
is the erening atar ; Beeper.
BMt (SZ), n. [AB. A««, fr. MAm to oaU, bid.]
CoQunand ; precept ; belieat.
B»rm'imi& (b«f8r^.UIt), 0. [Gr. ^p^trov ;
<rcpototber-f KAlvfur to lean, inoUne, inflect.] Deriating
from ordinanr rules: irregular ; anomalous ; abnormal.
— n. A word irregular in declension or conjugation.
Btfir-04«I (-dOks), a. [Or. ^p6dof»c : Ircpoc f
66fa opinion. 1 Differing from some acknowledged atand-
•rd, as tbe Bible, creed of a church, decree of a council,
etc ; not orthodox ; heretical. — H«f cr-O^ory, n.
B«r«r-0-ftll«-aas (-j^nl-ils), o. [Or. irtpoyey^i
crtpof + ytVoc noB. kind.] Differing m kind.
H«r«r-0-gtn'«-ni (-j&i'l-aTa), ». imtero- ± gene-
sis,\ 1. Spootaneous generation, so called. %. That
meuiod of reproduction in which auooeaaive generations
difler from each other, the parent organiam producing
offspring different in habit and structure from itaelf, the
original form reappearing after one or more generations ;
— ^opp. to homog9H€*i4,OT gAmogenens.
Btrar-Off^-aMfl (-OjT-ufia), a. llfeUro- + Gr. yvn^
fonaie.] HaTing femalea Tory unlilbB tlie nuUea
and structure.
(hS), V, t, limp. Hswso (hud) ; p. p. Hawso or
Hpwv (hnn) ; p. pr. A vb, n. Hswnre.] [AS. he&tmn.]
X. To cut with an ax. S. To ahape with a aharp inatru-
; to out. 3. To chop ; to hack. ->H«w'Mr, n.
V^A-ffOS (-A^i^Qn), n. [Or. i^dymvot aix-comered ;
Si + >wWa angle.] A plane figure of
six aidea and aix anglea, — B«S-«f' 04Ml
Entiti^itm{'i^hVdr6n),n. [Hexa-
+ Gi. cap* aeat, base.] A solid body of
six aides or faces.
HM-«ai'«-tW (•«m'l4lr), n. [L., fr.
Or. itmtAtrfiot of aix meters ; (ao. VTt'xof )
liexameter verae ; it + lUtftev measure.]
A Terae of aix feet, tbe first four of
in form
RaguUr Hexa^
gon.
which may be either dactyla or spondeea, tbe fifth a
' Having six metrical feet.
IHez- 4- ungular.^
B«X'U1 'gU'lU i 4 Fj 'k Q - 1 e r .1,
||Atirii{ «ix mcii^ft or e-ornera^
Befa- pod i h J'ki,'^. r>6d ), a. [Or. ^fairovt,
«^«r9^, hli^frjCjvM \ ii + wBUf, iroMt, foot.]
HatiiIi^ si I fevt, ^* If. Oii^ Qf the Hexapoda.
J1 BAl-at'O-dA (-Ij/ft-^i ft >. w . pi. [NL., f r.
Or. ff + podri,} T}it? true, or six-legged,
iuw^-u. — tt«z-ip^o-d(raB. n,
E«f t\\Eh iriifr;. [OV.. : Akin to 0. hei,}
An iJi^taniAtiirjti of Ju]% «itri?riH«, etc.
Stff^j' { lii'ilE' ). mlrrj. f Cf. O. hei-
da, or h*i tfn. ] An »i [pw^lui. of frolic Leg of on« nf the
md eixuitatloiif notot'tiuieii of vronder. Hexapoda.
Bl^lQi (}it-itfi^K »■ ' /"^ l^ Hiatus, ^4 Com t B Tro-
B, H lATr iEi { -g I ). f L . , f r. A 10 / e, hiatum. chanUr i C Fe-
T-> ,.,,.; Hki., r.. K ,-.. I 1. An y^.SI'p^'':
or^nu]£. gap; '11 t in o Manuscript; /; Tawi. with
bfeak. 2. Concurrence of vowels in two fire Jointa.
sacceaaive worda or ayllablea.
Bl-bamil (•bSr'nal), a. [L. hibemalis, fr. root of
Ai«nM winter.] Belonging to winter : wintry.
HIlMr-Bttt (hia>Sr-nit), v, i. [h. hibemart, -naium.}
To paia the winter in close quarters, in a torpid or
lethargic atate. — Bllmi-IUL'tUm, n.
Hl-ber'ni «B ait-blr'[iT-ff[i). 0. [L. ffihimia'Mind.']
Fert m Hiliviijia, now Intlujd."*!!. An Irishman.
BI-ber'Ui^Glim L-»Ti'tb), in. An idiom peculiar to
Bl bei^nl ftn-lsm l-lt'm),i the Irish.
Hio'oousb Ujik'kilEij. n. [l^b. imitative.] A 1
oily li^iiior preaBtid from pounded hickory nuts.] An
nuxik iuaprrAtloa, prikiui^mg a sodden sound. ••«.<. lb
hiiTfi liiceouj^hA. [Written aIso hidbup or Meotfp.]
Hlck'O-nr {-^-Tf'u f^ [N. Amer. Indian paw
Aui'Tii !i[i utst-bfuurlng tree oi several species.
HIpk'UP (htk'dpj, n.itr.i, Hiooough.
Hid {hh\\,iifi^. & p. p. MHxM.
Hl^ftl'ga (bl^OH'gft; Sp^ I^Ufl'gA), II, [Bp..
fr. hijo fr-iiffOfl.^., ton of fcumething.j A Spanish
Hld'dea thld^d^n), p. p. & a. from Hzdb. Oo
put out ut v[ei/%' ; JtecTft ; tiot known; mysteriouSb
Hy n. — HjtDDX^i ; SacMET ; Covsbt. — Hidden may de-
note eltlusr kaown to do coe, or intentionally concealed.
£rrftU denotea that the thbtg ia known only to the party
or putlcA eoacera«d. Ct^vrrt literally denotes what la
Uiit *Ji>^it or avowed^ liot is orten appUea to what we mean
sik.J] t# uudtinti^otK without openiy expreasing It. JSe-
crpt li apvomd %q hum n^ Biiii Mdden to retfealw,
HidA (till 3), r^ /. [imp. Km (hid); p. p. Hioon
OiTU'ti'tiK H"' : t*^ pf' ^ I'A- n* Hmivo (hiding).] [AB.
huihm.] 1. To f^^ci^L or t»ut out of view ; to aeorete.
%. To wituitold f roiu ki tow lodge ; to refrain from avow-
iu|r or QonfflMlntr. 3. Tu shelter. -*r. i. To Ua coo-
C4»|«4 ; to ke^p oiie'a ji^'l]' oot of eight.
^i], ToiH^i:r€ti«; dbv^ine; mask. See Oovgbai*.
m-3ic. ff. [ AS. fiyL] Kkin of a beast, raw or dresa
HlfteHiOluld- rijiiVbduiK] ^, a. 1. Having the sldn (of
an jiMiiti^Uj or iKirk (of a tm)) tight and immorable. %.
I iirrii'tuhki ; Mijfoted; ntupidly conservative.
Hid'e-OOB aiTti't-ii»]. ')■ [OF. Mdous; L. hUpidtu
ri>u{{h, hiEAitiy] 1. Frii^ktful or offensive to tlie eye or
ear; iaxciltiue U^rrur. 2. Hateful; shocking.
l^ti. - Fnghtfwl ; dhiiaUy ; grim ; horria; terrible.
Hte (hlK V. i, {imp, ^PP' HiXD (hid) ; p. pr, Jk rb,
», Hrisifi-j [AA. fiimtin:} To hasten.
mil fln'Sr ^■' ^
Hl'^er Arali(iii%-ark), II.
-f ap\o^ ichiwltif, rr. apx^^i" *^ i^^df rule.1 A chief of a
t^trvA uMt'T. - m'er aicti al, HI'cr-Arolilo, a.
Hi'eraroli'T liirkf), n. 1. Dominion in sacred
t It mtn. 2h a Ixhl^ ol vftiv ijiLa in orders each subordinate
t^ th« one Kbiavv it. 3. A rtiurph government adminie-
Ufttni by patTLATL'h«, metropolitans, archbiahopa, biahope,
STi'l vrir>^l», — Bl'et^«nitL'Io-«I (-arkl-luil), a.
m ST at'lc ( KtOTk), ij. [Or. wperuc^.] Consecrated
t«> :^:m ri'<] ijHit^ft ^ juirrnJiHah pertaining to prieata.
Hl'ei o-gllTpl^ ' i^-f^l^r^ In. L A aacred charao-
Hi er-Q-f lypblo ( nrlTt^Ik), | ter ; picture writing, as
of thn kiTiMf nt Kif>ptUiiH, Mexicans,
t^tr, 2, ClkaroL-ter or rt(fiire of hld-
<lpii aigidflc^tce ', iiiifintplligible chan-
acter or itLifk. {fiitki*f.]
Bi'er-Q-glrpll'J.0, 1 ^r. [Or. iepo- <
HI er-o-f IfPli'lo-al, I yKv^uci^ ;
i"fp<K -j- yAvijSftf^ to I'iirv?. ] 1. Em-
bitfumtir ; eiprHiuive of ivoriie mean- fiToSSTri?^
I uc b> r harftctflfHi pSf!t Mre«t ^^r figures. "l / ^^ i I P I
2r l^fL'isi^riLbUughiHroglypkkui; notde- \.>ii.^JjLLI
''mi^i-'pliMlt flit-f ^'^f«nt or hi'- "iT^JSlii'JK
ytif til lunkij kjiown.] Cliiv^f priest at
th^- Kb'uainiin my^i^Hi;* i ti^achpr of religiouamyateriea.
Hlg'f le (liT^'u'r), v. i\ rCf. HAOOLB.T 1. To peddle
t>rH ►v i ^1 i^ B . 2 . T'J ni icklr for triflea ; to haffgle-
ElK Blfrdy-pig'gle-dy (hYg'RM-dV.pIg'gl^y), orfr.
In iv'iifn^i'iii ; l.j'^t'.v-ii.irvv. [ColhqA
High (lLii. <v^ [A!^ ^<''rA, A/A; akin to O. hoch, and
to kt'l. .A^iF^r^r ruomiJ, O, /tti^ef hill.] 1. Rievated ;
lifted up; lofty; toJK 2- Diatinguiahed ; conapicuoust
arOf resent, 6rb, ryde. f ^, Hm, food, fcTot, out, oil, elwir, so* alns, iQk, tben, tbin.
HIGHBORN
270
HIPPOPOtAMUS
TireiSminent ; powerful ; dUBcult to oomprBhend or mr-
mouiit ; dear in price ; ostentatious. 3. Poaaewing a char-
acteristic quality in a superior degree. 4. In music,
acute or shn,rp : -^ tyyn. In ffm*f Li.r tmr.
Bl2h sad diy^ oMt t>f wuit'^c ; Mki4 of ft vmwl, a^n^ud
or'b^eiied, - m^b Huutndi^ f»ic' deaiuniiitHI hy tli4* lu^'^k^er
figures, an«l rcH»iie4j.uf^iLtl>', ri-iuutr" fnitu tiii« c<iiu:iti>(.—
High BMSS. A UiOM, In tiji' Roiiiiui C^tthrjli.' cLuri'lj. |H)r-
formed witU ituii*(i«R^ ruueii.N t)ii^ n-Mifltoucf q1 a il'^^iKn.
arclideacou. i>tc, Hls^ priMt.^ a rliiet phunt : thv Ji^ .^i of
the Jewish L>ri<'t)t]!ioij4. aifh Kiucln » tn-j^ piit»]iv hl i iix>l
nearest the riiik njf m i oIIe<i;h^<. | r. ,v.| HIjrb tide, the
greatest flow ijf tti? tjclf - ltii;lii ii^nt^rh Si^li trtAJoa,
ueason agtUjiit the wji'i^ri^igii ar LLe «>tJit^, uim lii^i^host
civil offen»'. - Bl«b wmtar, tV K~n^atefit eli^vutioti of the
tide : also. Mm t\uw u\ i^iu^jh ek^vAtkiu. - Hi^b vine., dis-
tilled spirits i^otituJniMi; a high twrtwntaen i»/ aicohuJ.
Syn. — Tn.1] ; lofiy ; pt4:<vaf,ed ; iioble ; «<;(*] UmI ; Mup<»r-
cilious ; proutl ; violifut i tnll ; dinar- Bee Tai.l,
'^adv. In ii IijhIi oiHUiui-r - in it IiLtIi (ii.u'i' ; c** n ifT'iat
degree; largely. ^j^. 1. .U.^.^.^.^^ y^-oe, a Jitiigbt;
the sKy ; heaven. 2. People of rank. 3. The highest
card deidt or drawn in a game of cards.
HlfklMni' (hi^bOma a. Of noble birth.
nigll'-^haich I < bdrchO. ^. P^rt. tn, nr ta raring,
till.* |Mrty llll. 'Li^ L; J ""|ku1iiiJiTi riillfHt tlin I^Lidi I'hurch,
or their iliK-troi^it ur imOU-i'- - Blfli^^obQf di man, n.
Mgli'-IlAnd Od (tiAuU'^h rr. OvtirlM^rm^: Wolent.
Highland . (^rmi), n^ KkrAti^l or looiiutainoiis land.
Hl^hlimd «rH n. Aq luliabitaut or hlglikiiilx. esp. of
the Itff/f*^imh^ ol Si^iAljtnJ.
Highly, 'hft: In n liiKli i^eftrer i very tnarh.
El£]l'-mlad^«d {'iiaihr^lK o. Hsvintr bouorable
pri<le ; ji*rUiiotn^ to r-b^vjUnl jiiiptrmlt'^ hth] feelings; —
oi^poAi^i to rrtpnn. — Btgb'— lELUldH-ll'eaaH 'p,
Blgh'nMS. ". 1 KJf^iAikouj lortiue(»M. 3. k title
gf liiiiinr jiJM'rii ti' khii."-, j-i-iin'^M^ or otJi*r jn'rhOii'i "'f rank.
HlSli^-prOA AUlfV (prSsb^Vr; 40), a, 1. Having a
pressure greatly exceeding that of the atmosphere ; —
said of steam, air, water, etc., and of steam, air, or
hydraulic engines, etc. 2. Urgent ; intense.
Bigh'tOMf (-r9d0, n. A highway : main road.
Hlfll'Hiplrlt-ad (-spTr^Tt-ed), a. Full of spine; im-
petuous ; not brooking restraint or opposition.
Higll'HItnmv' (-strling'), a. Strung .to a high pitch ;
spirited; sensitive.
mg lit (hit), n. Height.
Hlib'-tonad' (hi'tSndO, a. 1. High in tone or sound.
SL Elevsted; high-principled; honorable.
Htgh^way (-wSO, n. a road or way open to the
public ; a main road or thoroughfare.
Srn. — Way ; road ; p%th ; course.
Hlcll'waT'llUUl, n. One who robs on the public road :
highway robber. [to a high degree. I
Hlf h'-wnmcbt' (-rat^), a. Worked up, or swoUen, |
Ht-Vrl-OluOit-la'rT-lis or hT-), a. [L. hOaru, Mia-
na. Or. iAap<k-l Mirthful ; noisy ; merry.
Hi-lun-ty (ht-IIrT-tj^ or hT-), n. Boisterous mirth.
Syn. — Merriment ; exhilaration ; Joviality ; jollity.
Hill (hTl), n. [AS. hyll.] 1. An eminence less than
a mountain. 2. Earth raised about the roots of a plant.
3. Cluster of pUnts having earth heaped up about them.
[r. 5.] — ». /. To surround with earth.
HIlll-neM (-T-nSa), n. SUte of behig hUIy.
HUl'OOk (-Sk), n. AsmaUhill.
HiU'llde' (-RidO, n. Side or declivity of a hiU.
HlU'tOp' (-tSp"), n. Top of a hill.
Hlll^, T. Abounding with hills ; uneven in surface.
Hut IhWt), n. [AS.] Handle of a sword, etc.
Hianm (iiinnm), n. [L., little thing, trifle.] 1. Eye
of a bean or other seed ; scar at the point of attaohroent
of an ovule or seed to its support ; — called also hiie. 2.
Part of a gland, or similar organ, where blood vessels
and nerves enter ; the hiluai
IHUm (hllBs), fi. [NL.] In anatomy, a hQum.
Blm (hTm), pron. [AS. ] Objective case of he.
Him-Mlf (hTmHsSIfO, pron. 1. Emphasised form of
the third person masculine pronoun. 2. One^s real
character ; tlie being in one*s ririit mind (after uncon-
sciousness, passion, delirium, etc!).
By htesslf, alone ; unaccompanied ; apart.
Hiad (hind), n. [AS. ; akin to O. kinde,] V. Female
of the red deer, of which the male is the stag. 2. A
spotted food Ash of Bermuda and Florida.
Hind, n. [AS. Alne, Aina, orig. gen. pL of khtan
domestics.] An BngUshpeasant ; farm servant.
Hind, a. [Compar. Himdbk (-«r) : tuperl. Hdcbhost
(-mSdtO, or HiMDKUioeT (•^i^mSst^).] [AS. hindan be-
hind. See Hikdke, a.] In the rear;— opp. to /ron/;
pertaining to the part which follows or is behind, in op-
position to the part which leads or is before.
Hlnd'tr (hinder), a. [AS.] Belonging to that part
in the rear, or which follows.
Hltt'dMr (hTn'dSr), r. t. [AS. kiitdrian, f r. AtiMf^ be-
hhid.] 1. To keep back or behind ; to retard ; to ob-
struct ; to bring to a full Btop. 2. To prevent or em-
barrass ; to shut out. '^r. L To cause impediments.
Syn. — To check ; retard ; Impede ; delay : block ; clog ;
prerent ; stop ; thwart ; oppose ; obstruct ; embairaaa.
Hln'd«r-aBM, n. Hindrance.
Hlnd'«r-nMSt' (liind'^r-mSst/), Hlnd'BMMT, a,
[SuperL of hind.] [AS. hindema^ superl. fr. same souroo
as compar. hinder.} Furthest toward the rear ; last.
HIn'dl (liTn'dS), n. [Prop, a Per. adj. meaning. Indian,
Hindoo.^ The European name for the form of Hindu-
stani chiefly spoken by native Hindoos.
mn'dOO ) (dSo), n. [Per. NindO, fr. Hind, HindH-
Hln'ttn ) stony India.] An inhabitant of Hindostaa.
Hln'doo-lni, ) n. Religious doctrines and rites of the
Hltt^dn-lmi, ) Hindoos; Brahmanism.
Htal'dOO-Bta'DM ) (-stK'nS), a. [Hind. HindiutSnl an
Htn'dn-Btalll i Indian.] Pertaining to the Hin-
dooe or their language, ^n. Language of Hindostan.
Hltt'dnUMM (-dnrns), n. 1. A hindering, or being
hindered. 2. An impediment.
Syn. — Impediment : obstruction : obstacle ; difflcnlty ;
interruption ; check ; delay ; restraint.
Hltt'dn (hTnM5&), n. Hindoo.
Htali* (hTnj), n, [D. h^g ; oonnected with E. hnng.^
Joint, on which a door, lid, etc., swings. — v. t. To fur-
nish with hinges, ^r. i. To stand, depend, or turn.
Hln^y (hln'nj^), n. [L. AMntu.] A hybrid between
a stallion and an asa.
Hint (hint), V. U [AS. henUm to pursue.] To bring
to mind by a slight mention or remote allusion.
Syn. —To suggest ; intimate; insinuate; imply.
— r. t. To make an indirect allusion ; to refer. — > it. A
remote allusion or reminder, without a full declaration.
Syn. — Suggestion : allusion. See Sooobstioh.
mp (hTp), n. [AS. hype.} 1. Joint of the thigh ;
haunch. 2. External angle formed by the meeUng of
two sloping sides of a roof. ^r. /. 1. To dislocate the
hip of. 2. To throw (one's adversary) over one*s hip in
wrestling. 3. To make (a roof) with a hip or hipa.
Hip, n. [AS. he6pt.'\ Fruit of a roaobnsh.
Hip, i'a/er;. Used to excite attention or as a signal.
HIp'l^fKdraaM (hTp'pft-drSm), n. j;Or. unnt^o^uK;
tnrtK horse -f- ^^mk course, fr. hpa^w to run.] Place
for equestrian and chariot races ; circus.
BDn^po-fZltl (-grTf), n. A fabulous winged animal,
halfhorse and half griffin. [horseflesh. |
Hlp-poph'ft-Si (-p5f'A-jI), n. T^. [XL.] Eaters oil
Hlp-jpoj^'ft-gy (-jy), n, jOr. tmnw -f ^arftiv to cat.]
A feeding on horseflesh. — Rln-popli'a-i|OII8 (-gQs), o.
HIp'pa-pat'l-miUI (-pft-p«t'4.mtt«), n. [L., fr. Or.
iinros^rafMV ; tsirov + ir6rai«AO« river. J A large, amphib-
ious, herbirorons mammal, common in African rivers.
It U allied to the hogs.
K, S, 1, 8, 0, kMf ;&,«»!» Af A. ^i •h«rt ; ssaate, 4v«Bt, tdea* 6b^, fknite, c4i«« ttnn« aksk, (|!1, CnaL
HIPSHOT
271
HOD
fjf.
tO^hmf (hTi/«h8t^), a. Having the hip dialocated ;
hATing one hip lower than the other.
Hire (hir), n. [AS. hffr^ n., hyrian^ ▼.] Price paid for
oae of a thing or place, for personal •erTice or labor.
Syn. — Wages ; salary ; stipend ; allowance ; pay.
^v. t. 1. To procure (a chattel, estate, labor, services,
etc.) for compensation. 2. To let ; to lease.
WnnXam (-ITng), n. One hired, or who serves for
wagM ; a mercenary. — a. Serving for hire ; venal.
Hir-snte' (hSr-saf ), a, [L. A^rra/iw.] Roagh with
hair or brintles ; shaggy. — Hlr-mtelieM, n.
Bdfl (hlz), pnm. [AS., gen. masc. & neut. of A«, neat.
Ai/.l 1. Belonging to him ; — used as a pronominal ad-
Jecave or adjective pronoun. 2. Possessive of he.
mrpifl (hTs'pTd), a. [L. hispiduM.'] Rough with
spines, stiff hairs, or bristles.
Hlu (hTs), V. i. [AS. hysian ; prob. imitative.] To
make a prolonged souud like that of tlie letter », or tliat
made by an angry goose or snake ; esp., to make such a
soand to express hatred or disapproval, —v. /. To con-
demn by hiaring.^n. 1. A prolonged sound like that
of the letter «, esp. as a token of contempt. 2. A sound
resembling this ; the noise made by a serpent or angry
goose, by steam escaping through a narrow orifice, etc.
mst(hTst),iii/«nr. [CT. HnsH, Whist.] Hush; be silent.
BlM'ti-^'o-gy (hYs'ti-5i'*-jy), HlB-Wo-gy (-tdi'ft-
). n. [Or. icrT6% tissue -|- -logy.] Science of the minute
ucroecopic) structure of animal and vegetable tissues.
Hls-tO^-an (-tS'rT-an), n. 1. Writer of history;
chronicler ; annalist. 2. One versed in history.
ffis-torlo (-tSrTk), ) a. Pertaining to history, or
WB-ttuto-al (-T-kai), I the record of past events.
Hi»-t<Krl-OK^-pll8r (-t5'rT-8g'r&-f3r), n. [Or. Umh
ptoypo^of ; tOTopta history -{• ypa^eiy to write.] One
appointed to write a history. — HlB-tO'rl-Of 'ra-pliy, n.
HlltD-ry (hTsOt-rj^), n. [L. hiOoria., Or. t0Topu^ fr.
'tarmp learned, fr. root of ci^cVoi to know.] 1. A learn-
ing by inquiry ; knowledge of events, so obtained ; nar-
rative. 2. Systematic account of events.
Natwal hlstorr, description and classification of objects
in nature, as minerals, plants, animals, etc.
8yn. — History ; CnaoiricLB ; Annals : relation ; nar-
ration. — UiHory is a methodical record of important
evento which concern a community of men. A chronicle
is a record of such events, conforming to tlie order. An-
nah are a chronicle divided up into separate years.
BSs^trl-onlo (-trT-OnTk), I a. [L. histrionicus^ fr. hi*-
Hia'tll-Olllo-al (Tkal), ] /rio a p]»yer.] Relating to
the stage or a stageplayer ; befitting a theatre ; theatrical.
Hit (hit), r. /. A i. limp. A p. p. Hrr ; p. pr. & rb.
n. HriTiNO.] [Of Scand. origin.] 1. To reach with a
stroke or blow ; to strike or touch (an object aimed at).
2. To reach exactly ; to suit. 3. To guess ; to discover.
-* ». 1. A collision ; stroke that touches anything. 2.
Stroke of success in an enterprise. 3. An apt expres-
sion or phrase which hito the mark.
HitOh (hich), r. «. [O. hinken to Ump, hobble.! 1.
To be entangled or caught ; to unite ; to cling. 2. To
move interruptedly or ydXYx halts, jerks, or steps. — v. t.
1. To hook ; to fasten as by a hook or a knot ; to make
fast, unite, or yoke. 2. To move with hitehes. ^n. 1.
A catoh ; anything that holds, as a hook. 2. A stop or
sudden halt ; impediment ; obstacle. 3. A pull up. 4.
Knot or noose in a rope which can be readily undone.
6. A small dislocation of a geo-
lofriral bed or vein.
Him'ir (hTtfa'Sr;, adv. [AS.
hitler ; akin to L. citra on this
side, B. herCf A«.] 1. To thU
place. 2.
To this
point, con-
cl u s i on,
design, llitcTiea.
e tc. — a. a Clove Hitch, b Half Hitch, c Timber Hitch.
1. Being on the side toward the per jon speaking ; nearer.
2. Younger than.
Hltll'Mr-inmt' (hlth^r-mSsf ), a. Nearest on this side.
Hltll'«r-t«K Hfid'), adv. 1. To this pUu» ; to a pro-
scribed limit. 72. Up to this time ; as yet ; until now.
Hltll'«r-wara (-wSrd), adv. Hither.
Hive (hiv), n. [AS. hyfe.'^ 1. Habitotion of honey-
bees. 2. A swarm of bees. 3. A busy crowd. — v. t.
&L 1. To collect into a hive. 2. To store up (honey)
in a hive ; to lay up in store.
BlTM (hivs), n. [Soot ; perh. akin to E. heave.^ (a)
The croup, {b) An eruptive disease like chicken pox.
Ho ) (ho), interi. [Of. F. ho.] 1. Halloo ! attend ! - a
Hm S call to excite attention, or announce approach.
2. Stop I stand still I hold I — now used by teamsters,
but formerly to stop anything. [Written also tchoa, for-
merly hoo.'] [white with age ; hoary. I
Hoir (hSr), a. [AS. hSr.] 1. White. 2. Oray or|
Houtt (h5rd), n. [AS. hord.} A store of anything
laid up ; hidden supply ; treasure. — v. t. To amass and
derosit in secret. » v. i. To lay up a store or hoard.
Hourlrost' (hSr'frOst'), n. White particles formed
by congelation of dew. [written also hore/rost.}
HcMU/hOimd' (-houndO, n. Horehound.
Hoane (hSrs), a. [AS. has.] 1. Having a grating
voice, as when affected with a cold. . 2. Harsh ; discord-
ant. — Hoftnely, adv. — Hoane'neM, n.
Hoai'y (h5r^), a. 1. Hoar; white or whitisli; gray with
age. 2. Remote in time past. 3. Of a pale silvery gray.
HoftZ (h5ks), f». [Prob. contr. fr. hoeus^ in futcut-
pocu*.] A deception for mockery or mischief ; deceptive
story ; practioal joke. ^ v. t. To impose upon sportively.
Hob (hSb). A. [Prob. akin to hump.} L Hub of a
wheeL 2. Shelf beside a fire grate, where things are
kept warm. 3. Steel cutter for a Hthe.
H0ba>lo(h9b^*l).v. t'. [OE. hobelen.1 To walk lame;
to limp. ^ V. i. 1. To fetter by tyhig the legs ; to hop-
ple. 2. To embarracs. — n. 1. An unequal gait ; limp;
iialt. 2. A hopple. 3. Difficulty ; perplexity.
H6IKblo-dO-B0T' (-d#-hoiO, | n. [Cf. F. hobereau a
Hob^e-to-llOy' (-tt-hoiOt i country squire.] A
youth between boy and man ; a gawky young fellow.
HolKby (-bj^), \n. [OE. hobin a nag, OF. hobin
Hobliy-llorM', ) hobby ; cf. hober to move.] 1. A
strong, active horse, of middle size ; an ambling nag.
2. Stick on which boys make believe to ride. 3. A sub-
ject upon which one is constantly setting off ; favorite
theme of discourse, thought, or effort. [bugaboo. T
HolKgoMlll (-gSb'lTnJ, n. A frightful goblin ; imp ; |
Hob'nail' (-nalO, n. 1. A short, large-headed nail, for
shoeing horses and studdizig soles of shoes. 2. A clown.
Hob-nob' (-nSy), adv. [>S. habban to lukve-\-nabban
to have not ; ne not + habban to have.] Have or have
not : — a familiar invitation to reciprocal drinking. •»«.<.
1. To drink familiarly (with another). 2. To be on
intimate terms. ^ n. Familiar intercourse.
Hook (h5k), n. [//ooAheim, in Oermany.] A Rhen-
ish wine, of light yellow color, either sparkling or still.
Hock, Hough (hSk), n. [AS. hdh heel.] 1. (a) The
joint in the land limb of quadrupeds between leg and
shank, or tibia and tarsus, corresponding to a man*s
ankle, {b) A piece cut by butoliers from the leg, just
above the foot. 2. The popliteal space ; the hanL ^> r. /.
To hamstring.
Hook'ey (-S\ n. 1. A game played by driving a ball
with bent sticks. 2. Stick used by the players.
Ho'ons (hSncfis), v. t. 1. To cheat. 2. To adulter-
ate ; to drug. 3. To stupefy with drugged liquor. — n.
1. One who deceivcH. 2. Drugged liquor.
Ho'OIIA-po'OIIS (-pS^kiin), n. [Prob. invented by jug-
glers in imitation of Latin.] 1. Term used by jugglers
in pretended incantations. 2. A trickster. 3. A jug-
gler's trick ; nonsense. ^ r. /. To cheat. [CoUoq.]
Hod (h5d), n. [Prov. E. for hoid, i. e., that which
ttm, recent, drb, r^de, fiill, llm, food, fo^t, out, oil, oliahr, go, ains, iQk, tlien, tl&in.
HODMAN
272
HOME
liold«.l L A tny for aurnring mortar, brick, etc. 2. Ut«D-
•U for uoldiuff ooal ; com acuttle. [nuwou^t tender. I
Bod^mui (bSd'nuio), n. One who carries a bod ; ■ i
Hm (hS). n. [OF. ; of German origin ; OHO. houitan
to hew. 1 Tool for dicing up weed* and looaening earth.
— V. f. A <. To cut, dig, ecrMe, or clean, with a hoe.
BO^'oak*' (bS'kEkO, H. A cake of Indian meal, baked
before the Are, often cooked oo a hoe.
Bog (bOg), n. [Prob. akin to E. hack to cut, and orig.,
a caatrated boar.] 1. A swine : porker ; castrated boar ;
barrow. 2. A mean fellow. [LSw^^r.t. To cut short
like bristlea. ^v, i. To become bent upward in the
middle, like a hog*s back ; — said of a ship strained so
as to hare tills form.
Boc'glSll (-gTsIi), a. Bwiuish ; gluttonous ; selilsh.
Bogfin^ (-pBnO, t. Pen or sty for hogs.
Hoc^lMM (bSgsOiSd or -M), n. [D. okshoo/d; prob.
n*^MiTnjr orig., ox head.] 1. An English measure of €3
wine ^dlons, or 5*2^ imperial gallons ; a half pipe. 2.
Lane barrel, of indefinite contents.
iMfdMl (lioi'd*n), n. [OD. hq^en heathen, gypsy,
vaoabODd, fr. keyde heath.] (Written also hoyden.'] A
bold girl i a rtMnp. -*a. ^stic ; rude ; bold. ^v. t. To
romp hidecently. — Hflfien-lak, a.
HMst (hoist), r. t, [OD. Ay«Mt».] To raise ; eep.,
to lift by tackle (a sail, flag, or heary weight).— a.
1. Appantus for lifting goods. SL Perpendicular height
of a flag, or of a fore-and-aft sail next tiie mast or stay.
BOHy-taHr (hoi't^-toi'tj^), a. ThoughUess ; flighty ;
— used as an exclamation of surprise, with contempt.
Hold (hlBd), n. [D. Aof hole, hollow.] Interior of a
ToeMl below the lower deck, in which cargo is stowed.
Bold, r. /. jimP' A o.p. Held (held) ; p. pr. A rb.
». HoLDUW. HoLDBii OiMd'^n), p. ^., is obs. except in
legal language.] [AS. healdan.] X. To keep in a given
situation or relation, within certain limits, etc ; to
retain. SL To maintain pooesasion of, or authority OTer ;
to defend. 3. To posaess ; to occupy. 4. To restrain ;
to confine. 6. To carry on ; to prosecute. 6. To hare,
take, or join tai (something the result of united action ;
as, a meeting, aeaaion, etc.) ; to direct officially. 7. To
reoehre and retain ; to have capacity for. S. To accept,
aaaa opinion. 0. To consider; to judge.— r. 1 1. To
keep one's self in a given position or condition ; to remain
fixed. SL To derive right or title.— n. 1. A holding;
poaaesaion. SL Authority to take or keep; claim. 3.
Fl«oe of eonfinement ; priaon ; cuatody ; castle ; — often
called a sfran^AoM. 7. A character in music [^1 placed
over or under a note or rest, indicating that it is to be
prolonged ;— called alsopavM, and corona.
HolZ'bOOk' (hSldOiXk'), a. 1. Clieck ; obstacle. 2.
Loop on the thill of a vehicle, to hold it back when going
down hill, etc.
Hold'or (-8r), a. 1. One that holds. 2. A tenant.
3. Payee of a bill of exchange or promissory note.
HoUPIaot' (-fAatO, ». A hook, clnrop, etc. ; a support.
Holo(h91), ». [AS. hoi bole, oavem, fr. hoi, a., hollow.]
1. A hollow Dlaoe ; opening in or tiirough a solid body,
fabric, etc 2. A cavity in the ground.
Sjrn. — Hollow ; aperture ; rent ; fissure : crevice ;
orillre : perforaUon ; excavation ; pit ; cave ; den ; oelL
BoPl-bvt (hQlT-bfit), ». Halibut.
Holl-dAy (-da), n. [Holy 4 day.-\ L A day set apart
to commemorate some event. 2. Day of exemption from
labor ; festival day. —a. Joyous ; gay.
Ho'lMy (hSHT-lj^), adv. Piously ; in a holy manner.
Ho^noos, n. [AS. hdtiynex.'\ 1. The being holy;
moral integrity or purity ; freedom from sin ; innocence.
2. The being consecrated to God ; sacrednesa.
Bis hellasss, a title of the pope.
Syn. — Piety ; devotion ; Kodlineas ; sanctity.
Hfl&Oa (hSlOli), iPird' [V- holh ; Ao ho 4- Ih there, fr.
T. iflae tliat way, ther«.] Hollo, —r. i. Uwp. A />■ p-
UoiXABO (-ISd) \ p.pr.St vb. n. H0U.AIK0. J To hollo.
Hol1aad(b8inaod),fi. AkhidofUnenfintmaMfMV
tured in H<41and.
BolOODd-lsh, a. ReUting to Holland ; Dutch.
HolOaildo (-Uiudx), a. 1. Gin mada in HoUand. ft.
Holland linen.
H0l40', Hoi-loo' (hOM90,inler;.&n. [See Hau4Ww1
Ho there; stop; attend; a haUoo. — (h81>i» ar MH-ISO*
r. i. To call out or exolalm ; to halloo.
Hollow (hSmt), a. [AS. hoik a hoOow, hole.] 1<
Having a cavi^ within a solid sobetance. 2. Depressed ;
concave ; sunken. 3. Reverberated from a cavity ; deep \
muffled. 4. Not sincere or faithful ; falae ; Bot aomd.
Syn. — Conoave ; aunken ; low ; vacant ; empty ; void ;
falae ; f aithleaa : deceitful ; treacherous.
— n. 1. A cavity; hole; oavem. 2. A depressed part
of a surface ; concarity ; channel. — r. t. To make hol-
low; to excavate. —a<fr. Wholly; utterly. [Co//eo.l
Hol-iow' (hSl-16'), {n/<fr/. Hollo. [by ahouthtg. |
Hollow (bSinft), r. i. &, t. To hollo : to urge or call (
Holly (hSin]^), a. [AS. holen, hotegn.^ 1. An avor-
green tree or shrub, having
glossy green leaver, and bearing
erries that turn rkl or yellow
about Michaelmas. 2. The holm
oak.
Holly-hook (-h8fc),n. [OB.
hotihoc; holi holy -)- Aoc mal-
low, AS. Aoc; lit., blessed mal-
low.] A species of AlthsM ; rose
mallow.
Hollll (MSm), a. [AS. hoten
holly, which isalaocaUed Ao/ot.}
An evergreen oak, of Europe;
— called also ilex^ and holly.
Holm, n. [AS. sea, water;
prob. akin to E. At//.] 1. An
islet in a river. 2. Low, flat laud.
Hol'O-blOSt (L5l'ft-blABt), n.
[Holo--{-'hla$tA An ovum com-
posed entirely m germinal mat-
ter.
HOl'0-OMSt (-kftst), a. [Or. iA^4
-f Km»9r6t burnt, fr. ««(cir to bom.]
flee. 2. Loss of many lives.
Hol'O-fnpIt (-8^*0. n. [Or. iA^ypofoc ; oAoc +
^i¥ to write.] A document wholly in the bandwr
of the person from whom it proceeds. [pistoL
Hol'Stor (bSI'st^r), n. [D.] A horaeman*scaae fora[
Holy (hSaj^), a. [AS. Mlig, fr. hBl health, aalvatlon,
fr. kai whole, well.] 1. Set apart to the aervice of Ood ;
aacred. 2. Spiritually aonn<) ; pure in heart ; godly.
Holy-dor (-diO, n. 1. A religiooa feativaL 2. A
aecular festival ; holiday.
HOly-OtOOO' (-stSnO, n. A itone used to scrub ibipa*
decks. — r. /. To scrub with hidystone.
Hom'ago (hSm'tj ; 2), n. [OF.] 1. A symbolioal
acknowledgment by a feudal tenant to his lord that ha
was his man, or vassal ; profession of f aal^ to a aovareini.
2. lUu^MBCt or reverential regard. 3. Reverence to taa
Supreme Being.
Syn. — HoMAOB : Fbaltt ; submission ; reverence ;
honor ; respect. — Homagr was originally the act by wMck
a feudal tenant decUreo himself, on his knees, to be tha
hommage or bondman of the lord ; hence the term U used
to denote re verenthtl submission. /'eaKy «asthe>kf«f{fy
Hony (Hex Jtfui/oUmm}.
Reduced.
^kUmuwtm ; oAof wbole
1. Abnnttaacri-
of such a tenant to his lord, and denotea faithful
ence to the obligationa we owe to superior authority.
Homo (hSm), a. [AS. ham; al& to D. A O. beim
home, Goth, haim* rillage.] 1. One's own dwelling
place : abode of one^s family. 2. One's native land. 9.
Locality where a thing is naturally abondant ; habitat ;
seat. 4. Place of refuge ; the eternal dwelling plaoe of
th«* soul.
8yn. - Tenement : house ; dwelling ; abode ; domioQa.
—a. 1. Pertaining to OfM*s dwaUing or ooostry 9
S, e, I« O, a, k>ng } ft, 6, 1, 5, a, t, short ; senate, dvent, tdea, 6bey, (knita, c4ra, iliaa, dak« tB, flMiL
HOME-BBEB
Hid
HOOD
SL Clooe; personal; pcrfnted. -^ocfv. 1. To
one** home. SL CIom ; clooely. 3. To the phice where
it b^onge ; to the eud of a course ; to the full length.
~~ ' ^tin& (h5nin>i«d0, a. 1. Bred at home ;
2. Not polished; rude; uncultivated.
[AS. Mmleas.} Destitute of a home.
f (-Uk')f a. Like a home ; cosv ; friendly.
JM (hBniaT-n««), ». [From homely.'} 1.
FUfameae ; %raat of elegance or beauty. 2. Ooarseneaa.
HflOMlyt a. 1. Balonging to home ; intimate. lAr-
eftoie] 2. Plitin ; rude in appearance. 3. Of coarae fea-
tnrea ; nnoomely ; — oontraiy to handsome.
H^OM'mad*' (.mid/), a. Made at home.
HMM^Vatll (hO'mt-ft-pSth), n. A practitioner of
homeopathy. [Written also homaopath.']
Bo'aw-O-pfttillo (-pSthTk), a. Pert, to homeopathy,
or according to its principles. [Also hotnceopaihie.']
Ho^V-Op'A-tblSt (-Sp'i-thTst), n. A beUerer in, or
pcaetitioner of, homeopathy. [Also homaopathisl.}
Ho-OM-oy'a-tll/ (-thy), n. [Or. Voioiro^ia likeness
of condition or feeling ; optoiof like (fr. 6iiof same) 4-
W00M to suffer.] Theory and practice that disease is
cured by remediee which produce effecta similar to the
symptoms of the patienVs oomplsint.
■" — yilok' (hSm'sTkO, a. Pining for home.
, _1 (-splin), a, 1. Spun or wrought at home.
2- Plain ; rude. — n. Cloth maiide at home.
HflBM'Maafl (-stSd), n. [AS. hatnjftede.l 1. A home
and thp trr^^^d tmmedtately connected with it. 2. Beat
of A fiEiiily. [home. I
Hom^'ward (u^'nli, rj. Baingin the direction of |
BotBV'warA (-*Or.l . ( ^idv. [AS. hamweard.} To-
H03lt^W2rdA i->n?tf[t\. i ward home.
Hom'l-Mdsl 4h>:^iik't^«] Id), a. Pertaining to homi-
c\il'- ; ti^Et'lishi^ x<' h'MEiiii'iri.' : murderous.
Homl- Old » ( -^1^ I ), ^ ^ : t'. , f r. L. homitidium^ it. Komi-
riitn a mux Ui ycsr : hfimt} ia»xk -\- eaedere to cut, kill.]
%. Tbe kiiUiig of oa« bumaii being by another. 2. One
who kflls another.
H»al-l«tl0 (-Wt^), ) a. [Or. hiukipuc^A Pertain-
HmBt4«ri»«l (-T-kal), f ing to homiletica; hortatory.
Htatt't-toHOB, n. Art of preaching; branch of theol-
r treating of homilies or sermons.
nt-Ust (hSmfl-lTst), n. A preacher.
B'i-ly (4^), «. [Or. lnuXia communion, assembly,
■ormon, fr. ontAoc an assembly, fr. V^ same.] 1. A db-
oonrae or sermon read to an andience. 2. A serious or
tedious exhortation in private.
HtOi^-ay (-ny), n. [N. Amer. Indian auhuminea
parched com.] M iize hulled and broken, and prepiired
for food by being boiled in water. [Written also nomony. ]
lUmfmotk, (h&m^nQk), n. Small eminence of a con-
ical form ; knoll ; hillock. See HtmicocK.
Ho^BO-jw'iw-ow (hS'mi-jS'nt-tU), Ho'iiio-ro^e-al
(-ol), a. [Or. btioy€trqi ; bfiot -f y^iw race, kind.] Of the
aame Idnd or nature ; consisting of similar parts or el'*-
menta : — opp. to heteropeneout. — Ho^mo-ge'Ae-tKUl-
BMS. H0lB0-f»-llfl-tT (-j«-n8^-ty),
H^-BOVO-fOlU (-mSrd-giis), a. [Or. e^uiAowtK assent-
ing, agreeing ; ofA^ -f- Afeyoc speech, proportiou. J Haviui:
9 relative position, proportion, value, or structure.
— Hrai»4»rio-al (-wt-WyX-kal), a.
Heai'0>l0S«a (hBm^49g), n. That whirh is homolo-
gous to something else. [respondenoe. I
WbMKMf-gf{M'ml5l^fi-if),H. {fir. hfio/ioyCa.] Cor-|
Bom'0-ll7ni(h5m'(^-nTm), n. [SeeHoMONTMOus.] A
word sounding like another, but differing in meaning : i<<
tho noon bear and verb bear. [Written also Komonyme. ]
Ho-— a^-aOM (h^^raOuT-mOs), a. [Or. hfjuttuvfLOK ;
hmM -f ^''•ti^ for ovofka name.] L Having the sirae
deaignsHon ; steading in the same relation. 2. Having
the aame name, bnt diflTerent relations ; equivocal.
HH^flHB'oa^M (hd-mnoncd-ins), n. [L., dim. of
; dwarf; m
A little I
manikin.
, Honeybee. ^ Male or C
Dmn« 5 B Queen i
C Worker.
(hSn), fi. [AS. A2n.] A stone of fine grit, tat
sliarpeuiug cutting instruments ; an oilstone. •*«. t. To
sharpen (a razor, etc.) on a hone.
Hoii'Mt (Su'SAt), a. [L. honeHiUf fr. Aonof, Aonor,
honor.] 1. Decent ; honorable ; becoming. 2. Charao-
terized by integrity and straightforwardness. 3. Open;
frank. 4. Chaste; virtuous.— HM'Wt-ly, ocfr.
Syn. — Upright ; honorable ; trusty ; faithful ; fair ;
just ; rightful ; sincere ; trank ; candid ; genuine.
Hon'W-ty, n. l. The being honest; freedom from
fraud or guUe. 2. Chastity ; modesty.
Syn. — Integrity ; probity ; uprightness : honor ; Jna>
tioe ; equity ; candor ; pUiu-dealuig ; veraoity : sinoeiity.
HOB'ey (httn'y), n. [AS. hunig.] A sweet, viscid
fluid, esp. that col-
looted by bees from.^^ V\^y $
flowers of plants, and ^
deposited in h o n e y-
comb. ^ r. i. To use
sweet words, endear-
ments, or flattery. — J ^V \' a
p. /. To sweeten ; to r ^ \^ j
make agreeable. ,
('h»),n. Bee which
lives in communitiea
and collects honey. Each swarm of bees
consists of a large uumber of workera
(barren females), with, ordinarily, one
queen or fertile female, and a number of
mal'^s or drones.
Hoa'ey-4Naib' (-kSmO, n.
mass of hexagonal waxen
cells, formed by bees, to
hold their honey and egga.
2. Any aubstanoe, as a cast-
ing of iron, a piece of worm-
eaton wood, of tripe, eto.,
perforated with cells like a
honeycomb.
Hon'dy-moon' (-mSdnO, 1
n. First month after mar- ^
riage.
Hon'ey-mo'kle (-sfik^-
k*l), n. [AS. hnnisOge privet. ] A fragrant flowering plant,
of many species and countries.
Hoi/or (5n'8r), n. [OE. & OF. tumor, onwr, fr. I^
honor, honos.} [Written also Aofi^tir.] 1. Esteem paid
to worth ; manifestation of respect or reverence. 2. St^lf-
reepect ; dignity ; fldeUty ; ylrtne ; chastity. 3. A nice
senM of what is right, with strict conformity to duty.
4. Distinguished position ; hicrh rank. 6. Fame ; credit.
6. A token of respiBct. 7. Title applied to holders of cer-
tain civil offices, or to persons of rank. S. pi. Academic
ftrizes or distinctions. 9. pi. The ace, king, queen, and
3£k of trumps, in whist. — r. /. 1. To regsrd with honor
or respect ; to revere. 2. To dignify ; to elevato in rank
or station ; to treat in a complimentary manner. 3. To
accept and pay (a note, etc.) when due.
HOB'or-a-ttU, a. 1. Worthy of honor ; estimable. 2.
High-minded. 3. Proceeding from an upriglit eaose, or
directed to a just end ; not base ; fair. 4. Worthy of
reqwct ; consistent with rectitude. 6. Performed with
marks of honor. 6. An epitliet of resfyyrt or distinction.
— Hon'or-a-ble-neM, n. — Hon'or-a-bly, adv.
Syn. — Magnanimously ; nobly ; justiy ; reputably.
Hon'or-a-ry (-t-ry), a. 1. Done to honor. 2. Con-
ferring honor without emolument. 3. Holdlmr a title or
pl;v*e Without renderintr servirte or receiving reward.
HOOA (hd6i), n. [AS. hOd ; akin to D. hoed hat, O.
hut.} A covering for the head or head and shoulders,
also for tlie top of a carriage, a chimney top. eto. ; a
hood-shaped upper petal of some flowers. >* v. t. To oovef
with a hood or hood-shaped appendage.
[AS. hunigeanib.^ 1. A
lllirfl'
Honeycomb.
fin, noeat, drt>, r^ido, f^, ftra, f^jbd, fdbt, out, oil, obair, go* ■!»«, i|}k, tbeo, titiau
lo
HOODLUM
274
HORSEFLESH
Boodlvm (bOOdlOin), n. A young rowdy; rough,
UwleM fellow. iCoUoq. U. 8.\
BooCKwlnk (hd6d'wlnk), r. I. 1. To bUnd by oover-
Ing tbe eyes. 2. To Jeoeive by falae apP^i^'^nce ; to
impoM upon. [feet of horaes, oxen, etc. I
HOQl (b65f), n. [AS. httfJ] Homy caae ooreriug the |
HOQi'lMlllw (-bouud'), a. Hftving a dry and con-
tracted hoof, occaatouing pain and lameneas.
Hook (bd6k), ». [A& AA;.] 1. A piece of hard ma-
terial bent into a curve for catching or auataininf any-
thing. 2. Impleatent for cutting graaa or grain , aickle ;
inatrument for lopping; blllbook. — r. /. 1. To catch
or fasten with a hook. 2. To pierce with the horn* ; to
fore. S. Tb steaL [CoUoq.y ^v.L To curve aaa hook.
HMk'ak (hAk'A), n. [Per. or Ar. kuq^ cadcet.]
Turkish tobacco pipe.
Boop (h9&p or h«p), ». [Akin to D. ilo0p.] 1. A
circular band, holding together the staves of casks, tubs,
etc SL An elastic framework for expanding skirts of
ladies* dresses, — r. /. To bind with hoops ; to encircle.
Boop (hSOp), V. i. fF. houptr to shout. Cf . Whoop.]
1. To cry or iJtout. [dBually written whoopJ] 2. To
whoop, as in whooping cough. — r. /. To drive or call by
a pectiliar cry. — f». A shout ; a whoop, as in whooping
ODOgh. [of Indiana. I
OOO'ritr (h95'shSr), n. Nickname for an inhabitant t
Hoot (h6St), v,L&L [Gf. 8w. hut, interj., begone !]
1. lb cry oat in contempt. 2. To cry like an owL -*t».
1. A derisive shont. 2. Cry of an owl.
Hop (hBp), V. i. [AS. hoppian.'\ 1. To move by suo-
oessive lesps ; to jump on one foot. 2. To walk lame.
3. To dance. —n. 1. A leap or raring. 2. A dance ; balL
Hop, n. [Akin to D. Aop.] 1. A twintng vine, culti-
▼atadf or iU f mit (hops). 2. CatUn of the hop, used in
brewing to give a bitter taste.
Hopo (hSp), n. [AS. hopa.l 1. A desire of some good ;
expectancy. 2. One that gives hope, or promises desired
ffood. 3. That which is h(^>ed for. » v. t. 1. To indulge
hope ; to expect. 2. To trust with confident expectation
ci good. -* p. I. To desire with expectation, or cherish
hopes of.
Boptffol, a. 1. Full of hope ; expectant. 2. Having
qualities which excite hope. — H0pollll-ly, adv. —
Hopoffll-noflB, II.
mpolMM, a, 1. Destitute of horn ; despairing. 2.
Desperate.— HopoOOM-ly. adr. — HOMlOM-IUMI, n.
HOp^MT (h9p^r), n. 1. One that hope. 2. Shoot
for feeoing material to a machine ; trough for passing
min into a mill, fuel into a furnace, etc. 3. (rr) A name
for several insects, as Grape hopper ^ Leaf hopper^ etc.
(6)Larva of a cheese fly.
Hop'VlO (hOp'pn), r. r. [Fr. Aop.] To tie the feet of
(a horse or cow) together ; to bobble. — n. A fetter.
HoYal (hS'ral), a. [L. horalu, fr. hora hour.] Be>
lating to an hour, or to hours.
Ho^-r7 (hS'ri-rj^), a. [LL. horarius, fr. L. hora.']
1. Horal ; noting the hours. 2. Occurring once an hour ;
continuing an hour ; hotirly ; ephemeral.
HOftfO (b5rd), n. [F. ; f r. Turk. ordU^ ordl^ camp.] A
wandering troop ; a tribe of a nomadic people mignUing
from place to puce for pastursge, plunder, etc.
Horo'hoaild' (hSr^oundOi n. [AS. harhune; hSr
hoar, grav + Aune horehound.] A bitter plant of the
mint kind, used to cure colds, coughing, etc [Written
also hoarhound.]
Ho-rl'aoa {ht-Ti'tnn^ formerly hOr^-sOn), n. [L. : fr.
Gr. hpi^v (sc. kvkAxk) bounding line, horizon, fr. ^pt^civ
to bound, fr. Spoc boundary.} L The apparent junction
of earth and sky. 2. (a) A plane passing through the
eye of the spectator and at riglit an^l'^A to the vertical at
a given place;— called srruiUe horizon, {b) A plane
S>rallel to the sensible horixon of a place, and passing
rotigb the earth's center ; — called rational or celestial
horUon, (c) The unbroken line separating sky and water,
White-f seed Honiei ( Veapa
mtaeuUita).
as seen from a ship, etc., no land being visible. 3. Kpod
during which a geologiciU deposit wa« made.
Hori40ll'tal (hSr'I-c&/tal), a. [F.] 1. Pertaininff
to, or near, the horison. 2. Parallel to the horixon ; on
a leveL 3. Measured in a planeof tiie horixon. — HOrTl-
nn-tall-ty, n. — Horl-Mn'taS-ly, adv.
Horn (hdm), n. [AS. ; akin to O., Icel., & 8w. Aom,
L. corni*.] 1. A hard, projecting organ, growiiw upon
the heads of certain animals SL Something made of m
horn, or like a horn. 3. Material of which true horns are
composed ; also, the substance forming the hoof crust oC
hoFMS, sheep, and cattle, ^^r. t. To f umith with homa.
HoninaoBdo'(-bl«ndO,n. [O., fr. Aom horn -f- McMfe
blende.] Amphibole, a minenl composed of maguesinm
and calcium, and also containing iron.
Hor'not (hdr^iet), n. lA&rkymet.1 A large, straof
wasp, very pugnacious, and
having a very severe sting.
Honi/plsr (hdm'pip'), M.
(a) A Welsh flfelike musical (
instrument, (b) A dancing
tune played on a hornpipe, (c)
A dance popular among sailors.
Hor'0-lOgO (b9r^5j), n.
[Or. itpo^AyuHf ; wpa -f< A^iv
to tell. J A timepiece; a watch,
clock, or dial. — Horo-lOff^
•1 l-lSjI-kal), «,
Ho-rOL'0-i^(h«-r81'ft-jTst),fi. One verted In hordl<«7.
Ho-ral'0-K7 (-jf ), n. Science of measuring time; art
of constructing clocks, watches, dials, etc
Hoeo^MOPO (h5r^-sk5p), n. [F. ; Gr. itpoaic&wos, adj.,
observing hours or times, esp., obeerring the hour oi
birth, n., a horoscope ; itfia + o«ov«& to observe.! The
amect of the heavens at the moment of one*s birth.
Hoi^ttlO (-rl-b'l), a. [OE. & OF. ; fr. L. AorrtW/w.]
Exciting horror; dreadful ; liideous. — Bor^-bly, odv.
Syn. — Fearful ; terrible ; awful ; shockhig ; horrid.
Hor^ (-rTd), a. [L. horridu*. See Horxob.] L
Rough; bristling. ^^Archaic] 2. Hideous; shocking;
very offensive. — Hoi'lld-lT, adv. — HOTlid-DOM. «.
Srn. — Alarming : dreadful ; horrible ; abominable.
Hor-rmo (-rlfak). a. [L. horHfieu*; horrere -f -/-
eare (in comp.) to make.] Causing horror ; frightfuL
Hor^-fy C-rT-fl), V. t. To strike with horror.
Hor'nr (-rSr), n. [L. ; f r. horrere to shiver, to tremble,
to be terrible.] 1. A shaking or shuddering, as in the
cold fit which precedes a fever. 2. Emotion of fear and
abhorrence or detestation. 3. Anything horrible ; gloom.
I! Hon' do OOmlMf (hdr' d« kdK'biO- [F-] Out of
the combat ; disabled from fighting.
Horao (li8r»), n. [AS. hora?] 1. A hoofed quadruped of
great strength, speed, docility, and courage, and used for
drawhig, bearing a rider, etc. 2. The male of the genus
horse; esp., a castrated male 3. Mounted sol^ery;
cavalry ;—disting. fr. foot. 4. A frame with legs, to
support something.
Horse car. (a) A railroad cax drawn by hM-aes. (6) A
car for transporting horses. — Horse doth, a cloth to cover
a horse. — Horas power, {a) Tlie power which a horse ex-
erts. (6 ) Standard for measuring the capabilities of steam
engines, etc., estimated as 33,000 pounds raised one foot
in a minute, (c) A machine oiwrated br a horse. — Borss
raos, a mitch of horses in running or trotting.— Horas rail*
road, a railroad on which the can are drawn by hOTsea.
T. /. 1. To provide with horses ; to mount on a horse.
2. To sit astride of.
HonoOMOk' (iidrsOiSkO, n. The back of a horse.
Hono'-ollOOt'llllt (-rhS/nSt), n. {a) Large nutlike
seed of a tree, formerly ground, and fed to horses. (6)
Tlie tree itself, brouelit from Constantinople, now com-
mon in the temperate zones of both hemippherea. The
native American species are called buckeyes.
Horsoflooh' (-flSsh^), n. 1. Flesh of horaea. 8.
Horses, generally ; qualities of a horse. [C0//09.]
B, 8, 1, S, a, kmg i ft, «, 1, 5, 0, t, short ; soOUe, «v«it, tdeat ttbey, linite, oAre, i&nn, Aak, »J, ftMd.
HORSEFLY
275
HOUSEBREAKING
Bmmn^Oi»T^faf),n. l. AdipterootHyilMtitfaigK
hones, ftad nicks tbitir blood ; — called also breeMe /fy.
%. The hone tick or forest fly.
Hontlutfr (-htby), n. A hsir of a horse, esp. one
from the mane or tail ; a fabric or toft made of such hairs.
' (-laf'), ft. A boisteroos laugh ; guffaw.
_l' (-l«cb'), n. 1. A Urge blood-suokhig
leech of Europe and Northern Africa, which attacks the
Up* and months of horses. 2. A Teterinary surgeon.
HfltMlBaB, n. 1. A rider on horseback ; one skilled
in managing horses. 2. A oaralryman. [manege, j
HaCMTBttlMddp, n. The riding or training borses ; ]
Horw^^Liy'T-plS'), n. Bode, boisterous play.
ITmili'lMinfl' (-pBndO, n. A pond for watering horses.
BdBM^-rad'illl (-rid'Tsh), n. A plant, allied to scurry
grass, whose root is used as a condiment and in medicine.
HOTM'IAlM^ (-shSS^), ti. 1. A shoe for horses, con-
■iattng of a plate of iron nailed to a horse*s hoof. 2. The
limulus or horseshoe crab.
Ban^lMOf (-tSO, n. 1. The Equisetom, a leafless
rot, with hollow, rushlike stems, allied to the ferns.
A Turkish standard, denoting nmk.
BdBM^Wklp^ (-bwTp/), n. A whip for horses, —v. /.
To flog with a horsewhip. [on horseback. I
HOHM^WOaraB (-wdom'an), n. A woman who rides |
BmwTj i-f), a, Pertahiing to, or suggestive of, a
horse, or of horse racing. \CoUoq.'\
Battm-nw (hd^ti-tTv) [L. hortaHtnUj fr. horiari to
incite, exhort, fr. hori to urge], Horlft-tO-xy (-t^-r^)
[I* horiatorin*\t a. Giving exhortation or advice.
Her'tl-oal'tor (tT-kHl/tSr), n. [NL., fr. L. horttu
garden -(- enlior a cultivator, eoUre to cultivate.] One
who cultivates a garden.
HorH-onl'tlire (-tttr ; 40), ». [L. horttu + eultura
culture.] Cultivation of a garden or orchard. — Hor'ti-
ealOv-al, a. — Hoirtl-oiiiav-iflt, n.
Ho-SIB^IIA (h^-iXn'n*), n. [Or. iwrayya, fr. Heb.
AdMl*dA HHi save now, ssve, we pray.] A Hebrew excla-
mUion of praise to the Lord, or invocation of blessings.
HOM (hSz), n,; pi. Hosi, formerly Hosur (hS'x'n).
[AS.; akin to O. hose breeches. 1 1. Close- Atting
breeches, reaching to the knee. 2. A stocking or stock-
Inr*. 3. FlPTiblft plpr, for rtmveiylug fluids, esp. water.
Ho'sler i\'y'i'wy), n. *t\ n- iv (j ; - . Jeals in hose.
Bo'sler-f I -^' '. h. I. B.i^iiafl.^o[ a hosier. 2. Stock-
inff<t LEL ^'1. iM^nl : itffod* knit or wotum like hose.
S^S'^pii^ i iii>'»-r^[i0!i>, n. [P.. fr. L. hofoitium hospi-
tality, pi|«<x' for e-nt«rt4Ja[ni;( Atnuip^^rs, fr. Ao.«7N'4 guest.]
ik i!Ofiv¥ut fill'] P.triiifo for triTieleri 4n the Alps, etc.
B.99f^Urtii» ('^iT-t^hn). a. [OF*. ; fr. LL. hospitare
to npcfitrc AS *, i^i^ir'^L } R>^(:.flfTiDK m\i entertaining guests
wtlhoat r^war^J,; %Uul to [itr^iJirers ; characterized by
brnptt^rUy. — Hqs'^ u-blr. ^dv.
HfM'plrUl (pii^^tl], n, [OF. : LL. hotpUale, tt. L. ho*-
pLt-}}U mlAilw^ to ■ cu^-it, (r. hoMpfg guest.] Place where
Up^ p-fek^ lnji]rp*]» or iTifltni iire rer^^lved and treated.
HMji-tal'Irty (liSn'tJ), n. \h. hotpitalUns.^ Re-
ceptimi. &ri'l i^nt ,^ ft ajii input yf ^tr^iii^rs or guests.
liHov'IM^ir' (-pa-.i»r}, fi. Ol.i title of princes of
MoltlaTis iifl WAUsirihlA.
B]a«i(ti9fll). n. [1«^ ft^^ti<i urrittr^, victim, fr. hottire
to atrike.J The cousci:rjiteJ ivdlur, believed to be the
bodv of Christ, sacrificed hi the Roman Catholic Mass.
EuMt, n. [OF. ; fr. L. hodiM enemy, LL. army.] 1. An
■rrar. 2. Great multitude ; throng.
Host, ». [OF. ho8ie^ ojte, F. hdte^ fr. L. ho*pe» stran-
ger treated as a guest, a host ; prob. fr. hoslU stranger,
enemy.] One who entertains another ; a landlord.
HtoaOag* (hSvOij), n. [OF. ; LL. hostatieus.'\ One
given as a security for the performance of conditions.
HosTfW (hSst^), n. fOF. Ao«/<»m.] 1. A female
host; woman who hoqiitably entertains guests. 2. A
female innkeeper.
Itto (h8san),
Belonging to an enemy; ihowhig 01 wiU or a dfldn to
thwart and injure ; occupied by enemies.
Syn. — Warlike ; bilnuoal; unfriendly; antagooistlo :
opixMed ; adverse ; opposite : contrary ; repugnant
Ho»lUl-ty(hOs-tri>T7j^),». il^ KiHUiia4?\ 1. State
of being hostile ; public or private enmity. SL An act d
an open enemy ; hostile deed ; hi p/., acts of warfare.
Syn« — Animosity ; enmity ; contention ; warfare.
Hosttar (hOs'lSr or 5sa8r), n. {0¥. hosidierA One
In charge of horses at an inn or stable ; a groom.
Hot (hot), a. ik&.hat.'] 1. Having much sensible heat;
very warm ; — opp. to co7<f. 2. Characterised by ardor
or anhnation ; eager. 3. Lustful. 4. Acrid ; biting.
Srn.- Burning; fiery; glowhig: eager; animated;
brisk; vehement: violent; furious; fervent; hasty.
Hoinbod' (-bSdO, n. 1. A bed of earth^heated by fer-
menting manure, etc., and covered with glass, for raising
early plants, or nourishing exotics. 2. A place whiofi
favors rapid development.
Hotoh'pot' (hSch'pOt), I n. [F. hoehepoi, tt, hoeker
Hotoh'potelK (-poch^), ( to shske -f poi pot] A
milled mass ; stew of vsrious ingredients ; hodgepodge.
Ho-tOl' (h«.t810> »• iF.h6tel,0r.hoHel.J I.HoSm
for entertaining strangers or travelers ; Inn. 2. In France,
a stately town residence.
llHd^t0l'-4o-Tlllo'(d'ttl'de-vtl0,>i. [F.] AcityhalL
Hor-lMad' (bStniSdO, ». A violent, rash person.
HofboOM^ C-hous'), n. A house kept warm to shelter
tender plants from cold ; place for rearing plants of
warmer climates, and ripening fruits.
Hotly, adv. In a hot or f&ry manner ; hastily.
HofnOMI, M. 1. A being hot. 2. Excitement ; vfolenoe.
Hot'ptlM' (•pHto'), V. i. To heat (paper, Unen, etc.),
with mechanical pressure, so as to |pve a smooth and
glossy surface, or to express oil, etc.
Hot'gpur' (-spflr^), fi. A rash, hot-headed man.
Hotton-tot (IiStt'n-tflt), n. [D.] L One of a savage
race of South Africa. 2. Language of the HottentoCa.
Hoofll (hSk), f». Hock, a johit
Hoogll, r. t. To hock ; to hamstrfay.
[L. hottUU, fr. hoHit enemy.]
(hound), n. [AS. ; akhi to OS. A G. AmmT.]
1. A variety of dog, which hunU game by scent ; a fleet
bunting dog. 2. A despicable person.— v./. 1. To set on
the chase ; to incite tojmrsuit 2. To hunt with hounds.
^ Hour (our), ». [OF. Aor*, ore, urt. L. horut fr. Gr.
wpo, orig. , a definite space of time, fixed by natural laws ;
hence, a season, sn hour.1 1. The l-24th part of a day ; 60
minutes. 2. Hme of the day, as indicated by a time-
piece. 3. Fixed or appointed time; conjuncture. 4.
pi. Certain prayers of the Roman Catholic church, to be
repeated at stated times of the dsy, ss matins and vespers.
B0lll'glAMK(our'gl4s'),n. Inctrument for measuring
the interval of an hour, by a quantity of sand, water, or
mercury running throiwh a small aperture.
Hoil'kl(hou'rT),i». tPer.MH.] A nymph of the Mo-
hammedan paradise.
Hourly (our^j^), a. Happening every hour ; frequent ;
continual. -^mfv. Every hour ; continually.
HOQM (houB). n. ; pt. Housm (houMfU). [AS. MU;
akiu to OHG. Aim, G. Aoiw.] 1. A structure for hab-
itation dr shelter ; dwelling place ; mansion. 2. Dimicstic
concerns. 3. A household. 4. A family of ancestors,
descendants, and kindred ; a race of persons from the
same stock. 6. One of the estates of a government as>
sembled in a legislative capacity ; quorum of such body.
6. A firm, or commercial estM>lishment 7* A hot^
0. An audience, as at a lecture, theater, etc.
Syn. — Dwelling ; residence ; abode. See '
Hoaso (hous), r. ^ [AS.A«tWan.] To take or put into
a house; to shelter.— v. i. To take shelter; to abide
to lodge. [housebreaking.
HonaontoMk^er (bous^rik'Sr), n. One niflty of.
HoiUMlirMik^lllg, n. The feloniously breaking open
anotber*s dwelling house*
ftfB, Ntrnt, *rh| rv4f| tyXL, ^m, i^i^ l^i, ««t, «tl| otnOri lo, line, Ink* tlk«a« %kim»
HOUSEHOLD
276
HUMANTTABIAN
(homnillld^), n. Thoae who dwell under
the Mine root end compoee a family. ^ a. Domestic.
HoiUM'ludd'er, n. Master or head of a family; one
who occupiee a bouse with his family.
Emtatrkmf^Wt (-kip'Sr), ». 1. A householder ; head
of a family. 2. Woman hired to direct domestic affairs.
HOUM'kMp'lBir, n. 1. The occupying a dwelling
house as a householder. 2. Care of domestic concerns.
^ a. Domestic ; used in a family. [homeless. I
HouwlflMk a. Destitute of the shelter of a house ; |
HoOMlllAld' (-midOt n, A female servant.
HoOM'tDOIII' (-rSdm'), n. Room or place in a house.
HoOM^RTlte' (hous^wifOt n. 1. Wife of a householder;
nistress of a family ; female head of a household. 2.
' Usually prcn. htiz^f.) Bag for materials used in sew.
etc. ; — called also huuy. [Written also Atmr<^e.]
'—'^•r-y (hous'i«^'8r-y), n. Business of the
mistress of a family ; female domestic management.
HOQltllB (housing), fi. [Fr.hotue.'] 1. The putting
or reoeiTlug under shelter. 2. That which shelters.
Bioa^tagtn. IF. houMe^ akin to JL holster.) L Cover
for a horse's saddle ; horse dotii ; in pi., trappings. 2. An
appendage to the hames or collar of a harness.
HorelliSv), imp. &p. p. of HiATS.
HOT'tti (hOv'Sl), n. [Prob. dim. fr. AS. Ao/houae.] 1.
Bhed for sheltering cattle, or protecting produce, etc.
2. A small, mean house ; hut. ^^v. t. To shelter.
HOT'«r (hfiv'Sr), V. i [OE. hoveren, prob. orig., to
abide, fr. AS. ho/ house.] 1. To hang fluttering in the
tir. 2. To hang about ; to move to and fro near a place.
How (hou), adv. [AS. Afi.] 1. In what manner or
way. 2. To what degree, number, or amount ; by what
quantity. 3. For what reason. 4. In what state or
condition. 6. By what name or title.
^T* How ia used hi each sense, interrogatively, inter-
Jectionally, and relatively ; it is also often employed to
emphasize an interrogation or exclamation.
HdW-lielt (hou-b«^t), cony. IHow -^ be f U.I Beit
as it may ; nevertheless ; albeit ; yet ; but ; however.
How-OT'Mr (•tv'Sr), adv. [Contr. into Aotre'er.] 1.
In whatever manner, way, or degree. 2. At all events ;
in any case. -^eonj. Nevertheless ; notwithstanding.
Syn* — HowKvim, ; At Lf*pt ; Xivri. "^"T. —
The:t& worilft hiivfi ms ailvi-ri^iitJv^! mn^^ "i' to
BomttliJns; rflr^rr*i1 t^ fii th^ ^►'HitiWt^ ///rn ■?■?-.■■ i^ the
iii(y< iptiJiPTEiL fiiitl )(>[idH to K ^nal ronrlusloii oriiecij^i'm.
At hfjgt VKiint-H rriit tlie iitmciit cnfir«Ml<in tiiat cau jx'isi-
bly t><B rvTHiir^il, and tt\\\ iiia.rkji th«> aiivf^riative l>oii'^1u-
■J-^n. Sn^fif/tfifjtM ierkote^ tluit thniifh llic coiicpjiihicni be
full]?' mft4l», !t ti«fl nf> I'NPiriiiK on th(t iicic^tioTi, Yff pIkhI-
fl(?.s t]mX l^^Jw^'Tp^ ^^itrHTO*? tin? fn-fX cnnccndtnl mHV Iw, ('he
i.^i-ML'^Hi i . < luightiiiiiUinLLljr be^SLpecttid dDOi; not
aud tt_i — _
HowltS-er (-Tts4(r), n. [Q. hmtMtze.l A short, largo-
bore cannon, to throw lanre shot with small charges.
Howl (honl), V. i. [Akin to O. heulen, OHO. hiu-
wilOn to exult.] 1. To utter a loud, protracted, mourn,
ful cry, like dogs and wolves. 2- To lament ; to waQ.
3. To roar, as the wind. ^ n. 1. Cry of a dog, wolf, etc.
2. Cry of distress or anguish ; wail.
Howl'Ot, n. [Enuiv. to oirlet, influenced by howl.l
An owl ; owlet.. [Written also hoitlet.']
HoWBO-er'er (hou'sft^v'Sr), adv. & eonj, [Hov? -\-
90 4- ever.l In what manner soever ; however.
Hoy (hoi), n. [D. heu."] A small coasting vesseL
Hoy'den (hoi'd*n), n. Hoiden.
Hnb(htlb),n. [See Hob.] 1. Central part of a wheel ;
naT«. 2. Mark at which quoits, etc., are cast
HnbOmb (hfib^hfib), n. Tumult ; uproar.
Enok'ft-lMCk (hUk'A-bSk), n. [Verb, orig., peddler*8
war«^] Linen cloth with raised figures, tiw»d for toweln.
Hno'klo-ber'ry (-k'i-b«r'ry ), ». [Cf. Whortlbberrt.I
(a) Edible dark fruit of several American shnibs related
to the blueberries, (fe) Shrub bearing the berries.
HndE'itor (-stir), n. [D. heiiker.] Peddler ; hawker.
Hnd'Oo (httd'dM), r. t [OS. hoderm to eover, keep
srm.] To press together promiscuously, from ooofo-
sion, apprehension, ^. ; to hurry in disord^. •»«.<.
1. To orowd (things) toi^ether without order or qritein.
2. To do roughly, -^n. Tumult ; confusion.
Him (hn), n. [AS. Attr, heow.'] Color; tint ; dye.
Huo, n. [OE. Aue, Aver, to hoot, shoot, prob. f r. OF.
hu an exclaxnation.] A shouting or vociferation.
Has and cry, a loud outcry' with which fehms were an-
ciently pursued ; later, a proclamation requiring all per-
sons to aid in retaking an escaped prisoner,
(hud), a. Having (such a) color.
BM (huOSs), a. Destitute of color.
Huff (hOf ), V. t.Ai, [Prob. hnitotive.1 1. To sweU ;
to puff up. 2. To bully. 3. To remove CErom a checker
board) a man which neglected to ci^tore a pieoe.^fi.
1. A nt of petulance or anger ; a rage. 2. A boaster.
Hvflllll, a. Disposed to be blustering or arrogant ;
petuUnt. — Huflflga-licas, n.
Huffy (-y), a. L Puffed up. 2. Characterized by
petulance ; easily offended. — Hliffl-ll0«l (-T-nSs), n.
Huff (htig), r. L [Prob. of Scand. origin.]^ 1. To press
closely withm the arms ; to embrace. 2. To hold fast ;
to cherish. 3. To keep close to (the land, the wind, etc),
— said of a ship. — n. A close embrace.
Hugo (huj), a. [OF. ahuge.l Very large ; enonDOOUS ;
exo^ve. — HllgOly, adv. — HngO'nMM, n.
Syn.— Enormous; gigantic; prodigious; vast.
Hllg'gor-lllllffor (hfig'gSi^mttg'gSr), n. [Soot, huff-
grie-mufforie.'] Pnvacir; secrecy.^ a. 1. Clandestine;
sly. 2. Mean ; slovenly ; confused.
Hn'CllO-llOt (hu'g$-not), n. [F., nrob. dim. of Humus,
prob. fr. the name of some conspteuous reformer.] A
French Protestant of the 16th century.
Hulk (hfilk), n. [AS. hule a Usht ship ; D. htdk ship
of burden.] 1. The bodv of a decked vessel of any kind ;
espb, of an old vessel laid by as worthless. 2. A ship of
clurosy build. 3. Anything unwieldy.
HvU (hU), n. [A& hulu; helan to hele, coooeaL]
1. Outer covering of anything ; husk. 2. Body of a ves-
sel, exclusive of masts, sails, and rigging.— v. ^ L To
strip off the hulls of (nuts, com, etc.). 2. To pierce the
hull of (a ship) with a cannon balL
Hollo' (hU-150« <ntoH. HoUo.
Hub (hom), V. L [Imitative ; cf. O. hummen^ D.
hommelen.l 1. To make a low, prolonged sound, like n
bee in flight ; to drone ; to buzs. 2. To make a nassl
sound, like thst of the letter m prolonged, without open-
ing the mouth ; to mumble monotonously. 3. To make
a sound, like A*m, through the nose, from embarrass*
ment or affectation : to hem.^v. /. To sing with shut
mouth; tomumble(a tune).— n. 1. A sound as of bees
in flight, a revolving top, whirling wheel, etc. ; drone ;
buss. 2. The confused noise of a distant crowd or ma-
chhiery. 3. An inarticulate nasal sound, like A^m, ut-
tered by a speaker in panses from embarrassment, affec-
tation, etc. — inter;. Ahem; hem.
Hll'DMUl (hu'man), a. [L. humanus; akin to homo
man.] Belonging to man or mankind ; like man.
Hn-mane' (htt-mSn'), a. [L. humanus.'] X. Having in-
clinations creditable to man. 2. Humanizing ; tending
to reflne. — HQ-manoly, orfr. — Hn-nume^taoM, n.
Syn. — Kind ; sympathizing ; benevolent ; mercifuL
Ha'nMUl-lBt (hu'mon-Tst), n. 1. A student of the
humanities, or polite literature. 2. One versed In human
nature. — uil'llUUl-lstiO, a.
Hv-num'l-ta'kl-ui (-mln'T-ti'rl-on), a. 1. Pertahs-
ing to humanitarians, or to humanitarianism. 2. Con-
tent with right affections and actions towards man;
ethical, as dieting, fr. religious. 3. Benevolent ; philan-
thropic. [/?0rfn/]— n. 1. One who believes Christ to
have been merely human. 2. One who Ihnits the sphere
of duties to human relations, to the exclusifm of the
religious or spirituaL 3. A philanthropist. [Receni}
Is B, If 3, a, long ; ft, «, I, A, ft, y, short ; senAte, dvent, tdea, Obey, Onite, o4re, ilrm, Aak, §11, flnoL
HUMANITY
277
HURRICANE
Hs-llUBl-ty (hd-mXn^-tj^), n. [L. kumaniias.1 1.
The being liumao ; nature di^tiiigtikhing mau from other
ImngB. 2. Mankind collectirely. 3. The being humane ;
kind feelings and aympathiea. 4. Mental cultivation ;
Uberal education. 6. pi. (With detiuite article) The
bnmches of polite learning ; belles-lettres.
HnlBan-il* (hu'man-iz), v. t. To render human or
humane ; to refine or civilize. [the wisdom of men. I
Hn'llMUI''lTf adv. In a human manner ; according to |
Horallle (httm'bn)f a. [F.f fr. L. kumiiu on the
ground, low, fr. humus earth, ground.] 1. Near the
ground ; unpretending. 2. Thinking lowly of one's self ;
not proud or assuming. — v. t. 1. To bring low ; to
humiliate. 2. To make lowly in mind. — Hnmllly, adv.
Srn. — To abase : lower ; humiliate ; mortify ; degrade.
Hnm'U*-bee' (-Uk), n. [Cf. D. hommelj O. hummel;
perh. akin to hum."] The bumblebee.
Hlim'Inu/ (-bBgO« n* [Prob. fr. hum to impose on,
deceire -foug a frightful object] 1. An imposition
under Uix pretenses ; hoax. 2. A spirit of deception ;
eajcdeiy. 3. One who deceives ; impostor. ^ r. /. To
deceive ; to impose on ; to hoax. — Hnmlnig'ger-y, n.
Hmn'dnilll' (-driimO. a. Monotonous ; dull. — n. 1.
A dull feUow ; bore. 2. Tedious routine.
Bafm/&i-9l (hu'mSr-al), a. [L. humerus shoulder.]
Pertaining to the humerus ; brachial.
nHQ'taM-nUI (•mt-rfis), n. [L.] (a) Bone of the
braehium, or upper part of the arm or fore limb. (6)
Part of the limb containing the humerus ; the braehium.
Htt'lBlId (-mTd^, a. [L. humidus^ umidus.'] Contaiu-
faig sensible moisture; damp; moist. — Hu-midl-tTt
Hlfttdd-IIMB (hu'mTd-n«4), n.
Hs-nlll-ate (-mTl^-St), r. /. [L. humiliare, -aium.
Bee HmtBLB.] To humble ; to mortify.
Hll-IBtll-Allon, n. 1. An humiliating ; mortification.
%. The being humiliated or reduced to submission.
Hil-lllI11rt7« n. 1. A being humble ; freedom from
pdde. 2. Act of submission or courtesy.
Syn. — HraxuTT ; Modbstt; DrrwtDEScm; lowliness;
humbleness ; meekness. — Diffidence is a distrust of our
powers, oombined with a fear lest our fiUlure should be
censored. Modesty^ without supposhig self^distrust, im-
plies an unwillingness to put ourselves forward, and an
absence of over-confidence in our own powers. Humiiity
eonsists in rating our claims low.
Hmn'TElTi^ '* Tjsj'nitng), a. Emitting a murmuring
sou») ^ HJra^iJitif ; U^j^zlng.^n. A sound like bees ; hum.
HoMmlnx ^rd, % very small bird found only in America
aiid ino4t ^biin^liUit in
the tropics, noiiMl Tnr
fta very biilltiuit oa1f>m
■nd haMt of hovering
about flQwmi while n^
britStiff thf^ wlneca vorj
mpirlljr with a huiU'
• . [ProU dim. of ^""^^^^^^ifc^^ Iz
A«.r.V-1 1. A r>.if[iLl-'.l
Jtiiui. ...i u, — -^-^ 2. Rabv snd Topas HumminfT Bird
Ridge of ice on an ice (Ch-ytolumpiM motekitug).
field. 3. Timbered land.
HnlBOr (hu'mSr or 5'-), «. [OF. & L. humor, fr. hu-
mere, umere. to be moist. See Hinao.] [Written also
kHmonr.'} 1. Moisture; fluid of animal bodies, as the
chyle, lymph, etc. 2. A vitiated or morbid animal fluid,
•och as often causes an eruption on the skin. 3. State
of mind ; disposition ; temper ; mood. 4. pi. Changing
•tates of mind ; caprices ; freaks. 6. That quality of
the imagination which ffives to ideas an incongruous or
fantistic turn, and tends to exnte mirth ; facetiousness.
Syn.— Pleasantry ; temper ; disposition ; mood ; frame ;
whun ; fancy ; capnce. See Wrr.
^ V. /. 1. To comply with the humor of ; to adapt one*s
■elf to. 2. To help on by intelligence ; to soothe.
Syn. — To gratify : to indulge. See OaATirr.
■lit (hu'mSr-Tst or u-), n. 1. One of eooentiic
character. 2. Oue who has a lacetiou« fancy ; a wag.
Hu'mor-OIUI (-fi*i), a. L Subject to be governed bv
humor or caprice. 2. Full of humor; playfuL — HUr-
mar-imB-ljy adv. — Hnrmor-ons-BMS, n.
Syn. — Jocose ; facetious ; witty ; pleasant ; merry.
Hvlnor-Mnw (-sUm), a. 1. Moody ; capricious. SL
Jocose; humorous.
Hxadp (hiimp), n. [Cf. D. homp lump.] 1. Protuber-
ance. 2. Protuberance on the bsck of a camel, whale, etc.
HonnnMlok' (-bSk^, n. 1. A crooked back ; humped
backl 2. A humpbacked person. 3. (a) A whsle of
several species, having a hump or bunch on the back.
(6) A small salmon, of the northwest coast of America.
Hnaoh (httnch), n. 1. A hump; protuberance. 2.
Lump ; thick piece. 3. Push or thrust, as with the elbow.
— V. t. 1. To jostle with the elbow ; to push suddenly.
2. To thrust out in a hump or protuberance.
Hiuiclll»ack' (-b8k0> n. A back with a hunch or
hump ; aliso, a person with such a back.
Hnn'drad (httn^drSd ), n. [AS. , a territorial division.]
1. Product of ten multiplied by ten ; five score. Abo,
a symbol representing oue hundred units, as 100 or C.
2. A division of a county in England.— a. Ten times
ten ; five score.
Hnn'dredth (-dredth), a. 1. Coming last of a hundred
successive individuals or units. 2. Forming one of a hun-
dred parts into which anything is divided. -*n. One of
a hundred equal parts into which one whole is divided.
Hnn'dred-waght' (-drSd-wStOt »• A denomination
of weight, containing 100, 112, or 120 pounds avoirdupds,
according to dlfferii^ laws or customs.
Hnnn: (iiilng)i iTf^p- & P' P' of Hako.
Hun'gtr (hun'gSr), n. [AS. hunger ; akin to G. , 8w.,
Si Dan. hunger^ 1. A craving or desire for food. 2. Any
strong or eager desire.^ v. iL 1. To feel craving for
food. 2. To have an eager desire. —>r. t. To famish.
Him'gry (-grj^), a. [AS. hungrig.'y L FeeUng hun-
ger ; having a keen appetite or eager desire. 2. Showing
a craving desire ; voracious. 3. Not rich or fertile ; poor ;
barren. — HlUl'grl-l7» adv.
Honk (htink), n. A large lump ; hunch. \Colloq.'\
Hunks (hanks), n. A covetous, sordid man ; miser.
Hunt (hiint), r. t. [AS. Atin/tan.] 1. To search for
or follow after (game, etc.) ; to chase. 2. To seek ; to
follow. 3. To use or traverse in pursuit of game. ^v.i.
1. To go out in pursuit of game ; to course with hounds.
2. To search. -*n. 1. A chasing wild animals ; pursuit.
2. An association of huntsmen. 3. District of country
hunted over.
Hant'eTt n. 1. One who hunts wild snimals ; hunts-
man. 2. A dog or horse trained for hunting.
HnnfratMIt *>• A woman who hunts.
HnntS'Duui (hfints^num), n. 1. One who practioea
hunting. 2. Person who manages the chase.
Hnr'dle (bOr'dn), n. [AS. Ayrife/.] 1. Frame of
wattied twigs, withes and stakes, or iron, for Inclosiuff
land, folding sheep and cattle, for gates, etc. 2. Sled
on which criminals were formerly drawn to execution.
Hnr'dy-flir'dy (hQr'dj^-ftilr'dj^), %. [Prob. imitotive.l
A stringed instrument in which the sound is prodnoea
by the friction of a wheel turned by a crank.
Hull (hOrl), v.t.&i. [OE. hurlen ; prob. oontr. fr.
hurtlen to hurtle.] 1. To nend whizzing through the air.
2. To utter vehemently, ^n. A throwing riolentiy ; a
cast; fling.
Hnray-bnraT (hOr^y-bflray), ». [Redupi. fr. OE.
hurly confusion.] Tumult ; bustle ; confusion.
Hnr-rah' (hiir-rii'), interj. [Cf. O. & Sw. hwrra.^
Sliout of joy, triumph, applause, welcome, etc.— >n. A
cheer. ^ v. i. & t. To huzza ; to applaud with hurrahs.
Hnr^-oane (httr'rT-kSn), n. [8p. huracan ; fr. Carib
word.] A violent storm, with fury and sudden changes
of the wind, generally with rain, thunder, and lightning.
fSm, raoent, drb, rydo, f^ llm, fdbd, fdbt, out, oil, chair, go, oins, Ink, then, thin.
HURRY
278
HYDROPATHIST
Hni^ (httKri^), v,t.&i, [Cf. 08w. hum to whirl,
leeL hurr burly-burly.] To haBfeen ; to urR« on.
Sjn, — To expedite ; quicken : accelerate ; urge.
i»M. A hurryiug in motion or buaineas ; couf u«ion.
Syn.— Haaie ; speed ; dispatch. See Hastb.
Hurt (ludrt), V, L [OF. hurter^ heurter^ to knock,
thrusL] 1. To pain ; to wound or bruise painfully. 2.
To damage ; to barm. 3. To wound the feelings of ; to
annoy; to griere.— n. 1. A wound, bruise, etc 2. A
alight ; a stain, as of sin. 3. Damage ; harm.
Syn. —Wound ; bruise ; injury : barm ; damage ; loss ;
detriment ; mischief ; bane ; disadTautsgiB.
Hurttnl, a. Tending to damage ; occasioning injury.
.HnrMol-ly, adv. — Hnrtlal-neBS, n.
Syn. —Pernicious ; harmful ; detrimental ; noxious.
Hniftle (bOr'tn), v. i. [0£. hurtUn, freq. of hnrtm
to knock.] 1. To meet with a shock ; to clash ; to Jostle.
2. To more rapidly ; to skirmish. 3. To resound.
Bnm«-lMrry (-bSr'rj^), n. A huckleberry.
HnrtlOM (hurtnCi), a. HArmless ; also, luiburt
Hm'lMUld (hiisa>aud), n. [AS. h&9bonda master of
tiie house : MU house -f- owiday bonda^ householder, hus-
band; Mkm to dwell] A married man; — correl. of
vrife, — V. t. To direct frugally ; to use economically.
Bm'lMUld-IIUIlt n. A farmer ; tiller of the ground.
BuKtaad-ry (-rj^)* n. 1. Care of domestic affairs;
thrift. 2. BusinAsa of a husbandman ; farming.
Hvflll (httih), V. t. [Prob. imitative.] 1. To still ; to
alienee. 2. To calm ; to soothe. — v. ^ To become or
to keep still or quiet ; — esp. used in the imperative, as
•o exniamatlon : be still ; make no noise, ^n. Stillness.
Hvsh SMMMV. a bribe to secure silence.
Hvsll (hOsk), M. [Prob. f r. root of kuU a husk.] Ex-
ternal covering of certain fruits or seeds. — v. t. To
■trip off the external envelope of (Indian com, etc.).
HVflklllCi *^ 1* ^0 stripping off husks. 2. A n
Ing of neighbors to assist in husking maixe ; — called also
The stripping off husks. 2. Aroeet-
«sist in husking maixe; — cal*
hitHnqbee. lU, S."] [bling,
Hnsvyi a. Aboundingwith, consisting of, or resem- 1
Hnalcy (hOsOi]^), a. [Prob. for. hutty; cf. 0£. host
cough.] Rough in tone ; harsh ; hoarse ; raucous. —
Hni'n-neMk n. [cavalry soldier. I
HlUMMZ' (bus-KKr'), n. [Hung. hust&rA Light I
Hna'sy (htts'sj^), m. YContr. fr. Au^n/e.] 1. A
worthless woman or girl. 2. A pert girl ; — used Jocosely.
Hna'ay, n. [Icel. h&H case.] A case or bag. See
Hou8BwirB,2.
Hna'tilin (hfis'tTugz), n. pi. [OE. AtMftn^ assembly,
cotmcilt AS. h^kgting.'\ L One of the temporary courts
held to elect members of the British Parliament. 2.
Platform on which candidates stand.
Hlialle(hlis'n),v. /. At. [D. At<^e/en to shake.] To
■hake together in confusion ; to push or crowd rudely.
Hu^Wllo (hOs'sTf or hiis'wTO, n. [OB. hustcif: hu»
house -4- vHf wife.] [Written also housewife.'] 1. A
female housekeeper ; woman managing domestic affairs ;
thrifty woman. 2. A hussy, or case for sewing materials.
Hui'wtfo-IT (-rj^), n. Business of a
housewife.
Hm (bat), M. [Akin to D. Au/.] Small
boose, hovel, or cabin. — v. /. & «'. To place
(troops, etcO in huts ; to live in huts.
HntOh (bach), n. [F. hueht^ LL. hutietul
Chest, box, bin, coop, etc., for storing
things or keephig animals.
Hna-IA' (bys-siiQ, interj. [Cf . O. hu*ta.
Ansa, interj. Cf. Hurrah.] Shout of Jov,
encouragement,eto.— n. A cheer; hurrah.
— r . i. & /. [imp. &p.p. HuzzAKO (-sKd') ;
^. or. & vb. n. Huzxaiko.] To cheer.
Bya-dlltll (hi'4-sTuth), n. [L. hpacin-
thug a flower, also, a gem.l 1. A bulbous
Slant, bearing spikes of fragrant flowers. „ ,. ,,,
1. A red variety of liroon, used as a gem. "y»c»nth (1).
ByftL-darthiaib (hFi^Tn'tbTn), a. Belonging to the
hyacinth ; like it in colon etc. [Glassy ; like crrstaL |
Hya-llne (-ITn); a. [Qr. voAivoc, fr. voAof glass.] |
HylnrUI (hi'brld or hWrld), n. [L. hybrida, prob.
allied to Or. vfiptt wantonnessj Offspring of the nnim
of two distinct species. — a. Produced from mixture of
two species ; mongrel.
Hydra (liiMr A), n. [L. ; 6r. v^pa ; akin to v&ap water.]
L A fabled serpent, having many heads, one of which,
when cut off, was immediately succeeded by two others,
unless the wound was cauterixed. It was slain by Her-
cules. 2. A multifarious eviL
HY-dran'ca-a (-drSi/J«-A), n. [NL., fr. Or. ^imp 4-
ityytuMf vessel.] A pLmt bearing showy flowers.
Hydrant (-drant), n. [Or. vjpou^iy to irrigate, fr.
if&M>.] Pipe to draw water from an aqueduct ; water plug.
Hydrate (-drit), n. [Or. v««ip.] (a) A chemical
compound formed by union of water with some oti er
substance, (d) A substance which does not contain
water as such, but has its constituents so arranged that
water may be eliminated.
Hy-dranOlfi (-draHTk), Hy-dranOlMd, a. [L. Ay-
draulicus. f r. Or. v^povAuc^, f r. v6pavAi$ water organ ;
aUtp H- avk6v flute, pipe.] Pertaining to hydraulics, or
to fluids in motion ; conveying, or acting by, water.
Hy-dranlloa, n. IF. hydruulique.} Science of fluids
in motion, esp. of water, of works and machinery for con-
ducting or raising it, etc [hydrogen. |
Hydrio (-drTk), a. Pertaining to, or containing,!
Hydro-oarnbon (-dr*-kiira>5nj, n. [Hydro- -f car-
Aon. J A compound containing only bydrogoi and caiboa,
as methane, benzene, etc.
HydnHMph'a-lna (-feSfAltis), n. [KL., fr. Or. v^^
Ki^ikw hydrocephalus ; vUap -|- trc^aAi^ head.] An
accumulation of liquid within the cavity of the cranium ;
dropsy of the brain. — HydnHWph'a-lona (-Ills), a.
^/dnMdaorrio(-kl5Mk), a. [Sydro-f cA/orfc.] Pei^
tainmg to, or compounded of, clilorine and hydrogen gaa.
HT'dro-dT-namlo (•dt-r.SmTiQt Hydro-dy-nam'-
lo-al, a. [Hydro- + dynamic. 1 Pert, to water power.
Hydro-dy-namloa, n. Science of fluids, or of the
laws of motion and action of nonelastic fluids ; the dynam-
ics of water and other fluids.
Hydro-gtB (-jSn), M. [Hydro- -f -ffen. Bo called
because water is generated by its combustion.] A gas-
eous element, colorless, tasteless, and odorless, the light-
est known substance. It Is very inflammable, and Is an
ingredient of coal gas and water gas.
Bydro-gen-lM (-iz), v. t To combine with hydrogen ;
— contrasted with oridige. [containing, hydrogen, i
Hy-drog'e-noiia (-drO/l-nfia), a. Pertaining to, or|
Hy-droi^-plier (•drOg'rA-fer), n. One skilled in
hydrograi^v.
Hy-drog^-pliy (-f^), ft. [Hydro- -\- -graphy.'] De-
scription of the sea, lakes, rivers, and other waters, with
their phenomena. — HydTO-gra^ll^ (hFdrft-grKfTk),
Hydro-graphio-al, a.
Hy-droI'a«7(-dr»l'»-^),n. [Hydro- + -logy. 1 Sd-
ence of water. Its properties, phenomena, etc
Hy'dro-mel (-drd-mSl), m. [L. hydromeU Or. vt^iiitXi \
vitap -}- (^^At honey.] A liquor consisting of honey di-
luted in water, and after fermentation caUed mead.
Hy-drom'e-ter (-dr»m'^-t8r), n. [Hydro- -f- -metfr.'}
1. Instrument for determinUag specmc gravities of liq-
uids, and strength of spirituous liquors, nline solutions,
etc. 2. InstrumMit for measuring the velocity or dis-
cbarge of water, as in rivers, from reservoirs, etc — By-
dro-met^o (-dri-mSfrTk}, Hydro-mefito-al, a.
Hy-drooi'e-try (-dr5ni^-tTj^),n. 1. The determining
specific gravity of liquids, and strength of spirituous
liquors, aaline solutions, etc. 2. Measurement of the
velocity or discbarge of running water.
Hy-droya-tlilst (drOp/A-tbTst), Hydro-path (-drt-
pSth), n. One who practices hydropathy.
fi, S, 1, 5, a, long ;&,«,!, 5, ft, f, short ; senftte, ^vent, tdea, 6bey, fbiite, ckn, iftrm, iuHk, «U,
HYDROPATHY
279
HYSTERICS
RSr-drop^A-thy (ht-dr5{/&-th^), n. [Hydr<h + Or. wa- j
9vctv, vaBciv^ to sutfer.] W»ter cure ; the treatmeut of
dUe-^uas by use of water, iutenudly aud exteririUy. —
Hrtlro-patHls (•drft-iiSth'Tk), Hy'droKpatU'lo-al, o.
Hydlt^-j^iiOlli-a (-dr6-i5'oi-&), n. [L, fr. Or. vapo-
^^ui; v<ft*p + ifto/3of fear.] (a) Abuurmal dread of
w U«r, a symptom of canine madneaa. (6) Diaeaae caused
by inoculation with salira of a rabid creature ; rabies ;
canine madness.— Hy'dro-phoVlo (-fObTk), a.
Hy'dro-pliyte (-fit), n. [Or. vU»p -\- ^vtw plant.]
An aquatic plMit ; an als^.
Hy-dropic (-drSp^k), ) a. [L. hydropieu*^ Or. v6fio»-
Hy-droplfHd, I vucof.] Dropsical.
Hrdro-StatlOS (-drft-stStTlcs), n. iHydro- + Or.
trmrue&K causing to stand.] Science of the pressure and
equilibrium of nonelaatic fluids, as waterMnercury, etc. ;
Sin -iplM of statics applied to liquids. — ny'dro-Stat1C«
y^dro-fltatlo-al, a. [watery. I
Hy'droiUI (-drtU), a. [Or. u^p.] Containing water ; I
Hy-Vmal (-S'mal), a. [L. hieinalis^ It. hiems winter. J
Bdonging to wiuter; done iu winter.
Hy-^'iU C-nA)* n. [Or. £au«, orig., a sow, fr. ^ hog.]
A Doctnmnl camiTorous mammal of Asia and Africa.
nv'-l-^n- < i'iT-5u or l.i'ig i), n. [F. : fr. L. JJijgieia
goddess of health, fr. Or. vyteto, vycta, health, fr. vyt^
healthy. 1 Science of preserviuff health, em. of house-
hol li and communities. — Hy'gl-eB^ (-Sn'fk), a.
H7- jfTimi'e-ter ( t:rCrft^-«r), n. [Or. irypM wwt, moist
-f- ^ru'f'^r.] Itj-itraiifikt for rii^iBuHntr lUr.^ degree of
Bjftt'rlkK Hy iro-ntat'ilc-al, ^r.
Hy-gTOm'fr-try ('*;rl5iu'&4rj), ». SN.ferKi? qI the hu-
iDiUjtv of boll'*. (»jiij>, of tlje *Ttuo*ph«.'ri.v [brane. I
Hf^HMia (hi'tn^n), n. [Or. v^if '.] The viiyifml mem-|
Hr'fflsn, R. [L, fr. Gr/Y/iiiji'.] 1* A fninilousdeity,
tU<) ur<>«l of ui.Li-rl ii'^. 3. M brriiKi). — By'mo-IlB'aK-me-
iiS''^ 1 k H ^ m s- il y in U»K'£f ri ) . «?. [ i] Dptera. I
By ma-ao^'tdl (-rnl'n9^t«rK n. Orku of thc^ Myme-|
i\3f mt-n^yi^rt. l-t*-rA], «.;//. [SL,, fr. Or. v/m-
W3rT<^»f f E/M'^M -l- vTtpoif wtiiE;.] Aji aK tensive order of
EoiW.'t^T iiii?lijiiin^ bw*^ anU, JehAi^umnn^^ friwAles, etc.
H3f1llQ (hTin), n- [^- At/ziiiurt I^- hymnttSf Qt* vfirof.]
Bflwf of pr^li^ or *!ar*t(ou; iii'.-fE*l' lyri^v ^r. /. & %.
[imp^ & p. jK MrHNiD tliTrn^i^ ; p^ pr. Si iff. tt^ UntsotQ
(lilinTiij; or UXfii^ttUi^).] T»> ftrsiiw in sODjf.
Hfin'AJlt ^LiTui'DQ])^ fi. A cc]1tfr>t!ti'ti 4>f hvniTis.
Hym-nOlVgy ( iiBl'fi -jy >* n . [Or. vtivat I -togy.l 1.
The hyniDi ccnupuMSil by dutitorit of a p irtl'^ular country
or perind, or umJ by any pArtifiiLir rii^lljjiou* body. 2.
Kn4»l?fJ|tn of Iiytnnft; tre\tliij r^ti hviTkhi.
Hy'Oll f Jd'oiil ), it. [G r. iodiSijf, f f t he letter Y -f 9XS09
fortn-] 1. Punuij^l lika an art^yi, or thi!i GrvKk letter
npdiloLi [V]. S Peru to Cheftr^^i hup|HirLLii{ic tlm tongue.—
s. Tii# JiVfjid Ikmip, or bone m th« b4A(> of tljA tdngue.
Hyp CbTiiK n. Abbr* of ht/pfjchonJnif : — utuidly in
pt. ^ T\ i. To lotJcft nig']incUo1y. [^>*/^*';,]
Hy p«r1nH*0it'pfr'b54fiJ,n. [Or. vT^p^tjA^ excess,
i. f,, of tlin ait^kwlikh t]i4^inittlu}( pi me
BulEff« irith the bAie^. S«e HrtRnapLK.]
A crurre loTUifKl by a »otlon ol a. cuiie,
nrhm the cutting platiD ipaliflA a ^r^att^r
ftDglewtt^i Uiv b^ie than thcf: diJn of tha
cone makes.
Hy-ptfOW-l* (-11), n. [L. , f r. Or. virto-
/foAif, prop., an OTershooting, excess, fr.
Or. {nrtpfinWtuf to throw beyond ; virep
over + /SaAA«ii' to throw.] A figure of
qieech in which the expreaaion evidently
exaggerates the meining to be conveyed.
Hr PW-lWllo (-WHTk), \a. 1. Be-
Hrper-bOllo-al (-T-kal), longing to nnnJT
the hTperiwU; like the hyperbola. 2. OPP??*.** _««"«
Hy^-orttlo (hi'pir-krttmt), n. [Pref. hyper- +
critic.} One critical beyond reason ; captious ceobor. —
Gootalning hyperbole ; exaggerating ;
— ^'t the truth.
ith Hyper-
bolas, a a.
Hy'Ptf-OZino-al, a. — Bypor-orttl-ClSIB (-«Ta(*m), n.
II Hy'per-me-tro'pl-A (-ml-trS^pT-i), l n. [NL. hyper
Hy'per-met'fO-py (-m«f r4-ny), J metropia^ fr.
Or. vnipfirrpof excessive -f w^, tomk, eye.] A condi-
tion of tiie eye iu wliich, through shortness ot the eyeball
or fault of the refractive media, the rays of light come
to a focus behind the retina; farsightedness; — called
also hyperopia. — Hy'per-BM-trop^ (-mt-trOpOfk), a.
HyplMII (-ffin), n. [L., fr. Or. v^, fr. v^ <y under
one, into one, together, fr. vn6 under -f &, neut. of <tv
one.] A printer*8 mark [-] to connect sylUbles of a di-
vided word or parts of a compound word.— v. f. To
connect with, or separate by, a hyphen.
Hyp-notlO (hTp-uOi/Tk), a. [Or. vnvwruc^ inclined
to sleep, puttiug to sleep, f r. vnvot sleep ; akin to L.
somnus.} 1. Tending to produce sleep; soporific. 2.
Pertaining to hypno^m ; in a state of hypuotiun.— n.
L Medicme for producing sleep ; an opiate ; aoporinc ;
narcotic. 2. Oue subject to hypnotism.
Hyp'llO-tism (-uft-tTs'm), n. [Or. virvo«.] An arti-
ficial Bleep or somnambulism, involviug suspension of
some powers, and unusual activity of others. [noUsm.
Hyp'll^-tlse (-tiz), V. t. To place in a state of hyp-
Hyp^»«llim'dll-« (-«-k5n'JrT-A), n. [NL.] Oloomy
depression of spirits ; the blues.
Hyp^fHdum'dll-AO (-Sk), a. [Or. wtoxwt»uutAi af-
fected in a bypochondriao region.] 1. Designating, or
pert, to, the regions on either ude of the abdomen beneath
Che cartilages of the false riba, beside the epigastric, and
above the lumbar, region. 2. Affected by hypochondria.
— »>. One affected with hypochondria.
Hy-pooll-By (hT-pSk'rT-s^), n. [L. AypocrOif, fr. Or.
vir6ffpi(nf the playing a part on the stage, simulation, fr.
viro«ptV«j^ai to play a part ; virtf -f Kpi»*w to decide,
contend.] Act or practice of a hypocrite ; dissimulation ;
the assuming a false appearance of virtue or religion.
^ Hyp'o-Oltte (hTp^-krlt), n. [F., fr. L. hypoerita. Or.
vvottpirrji one who plays a part, a diasembler. j One who
feigns to be better than he is ; false pretender to virtue
or piety. —Hyp^o-erttOo (-krltlk), Hyp'O-OlttlfMd,
a.— Hyp^CHSntlo-ftl-ly, adv.
Syn. — Deceiver; pretender; cheat. See DntSKBijau
fiy-por«-niiM (ht-p9t't-nus), Hy-pot]i'«-niiM
(-p5th'-), n. [Or. virorcii/ovaa, prop., gg,^
subtending, fr. viror«ty«iv to stretch un-
der ; virb -}- nwnv to stretch. See ScB-
TSND.] Side of a right-angled triangle
that is opposite to the right angle.
Hy-poth'e-4Mtte (-pSth't-kit), v. t. %/
[LL. hypotheeare, -catum^ to pledge, f~
fr. L. hypolheca pledge, security.] To « Hypotenuse.
E ledge (property) for the security of one*s creditors. —
[y:Potli'e-4Mt'tton, n. ~Hy-MUi'e-4Mt'tor, n.
Hy-poth'e-flls (-sTs), n. [NL., fr. Or. vintfevtr foun-
dation, supposition, f r. vroritf^yat to place under, viro -}-
riBivai. to put.] Supposition ; theory assumed for the
Burpose of argument, or to account for known facta. —
[y'po-thetlo (hFpi-thStTk), Hypo-tlMtlo^, a.—
Hy'po-thetlc-al-ly, adv.
Syn. — Supposition ; assumption. See Trsobt.
UfWOOk (hPs*n), n. [Chin. A»-/«Aun, lit., first crop, or
blooming spring.] A fragrant kind of green tea.
Hysliop (his'stip), n. [L. hyssopvt. Or. votmiroc, an
aromatic plant, fr. Heb. eJtov.] A plant whose leaves
have an aromatic smell, and a warm, pungent taste.
Hys-to^-A (-te'rT-A), n. [NL. ] A nervous affection,
in which the patient loses control over the emotions, be-
coming the victim of imaginary sensations.
Hys-tsr^ (-tSrTk), 1 a. [L. hygterims, Or. inrrtpir
Hys-torlo-al (-T-kal), J mk, fr. vcrrepa the womb.]
Pertaining to hyntf^ria ; affected with hysterics ; fltf uL
Hys-t0rlM (-Tks), n. p/. Hysteria.
fSm, reoeat, 6rb, r^de, f^, tm^ food, fdbt, out, oU, diatr, bo, eing, ink, tticn, f hin.
280
IDIOSYNCRASY
I.
I (T), pron. IpoM. Mr (id!) or Mm (min^ ; olffeet. Mb I
(mi) ; pi. nom, WB (wi) ; po$s. Oub (our) or OuBa (ourz) :
ot^ed. Us (fi«).] fAS. ie; akin to D. ik, O. ieh, L. e^o, ,
Or. iyu^ •ywi'O Momiiuitivtt csae of the pronoun of the
first person ; word used by a speaker of himself.
I-fljnnilo (t-in/bTk), a. [Or. mm/3uco«.] 1. Consist-
ing of a short sylliUile followed by a long one, or of an
onaooented qrliable followed by an accented. 2. Pert,
to, or composed of, iambics. — n. (a) An iambic foot ;
iambus, (b) Verse composed of iambic feet.
I-AOilnnjt-bfis), n. [Or. 1041 fiot.} An iambic.
Fbes (I'bMu), n. [L., chamois.] A wild goat haring
Tery large, recurved horns; —
called also steinbok,
Ill-U'd«m (T-b!MSm), adv.
[L.] In ttie same place ;—abbr.
iMo. orift.
rbLi (I'bTs), n. pL; of
Egyptian oricrin. 1 A large wad-
ing Urd, feeiung largely on rep-
Ules.
Iot(iH),n. [AS. I*.] 1. Water
or other fluid f roscn to the solid
rort'd, jwkI i4rtiiii.M*ll> lr,.ii2*-ij. .. ^ ,
Ic« liUDk |Dwj. %i^yifri\ . ^ htx {Cnpm ibrr).
ptmk of wliii*?nf»^^ (in ttn- lur -. n, .v,!Bed by light re-
flerti'r] frotii icif xiot iu r.ia\\i, Ic« \9X of chsst, a box for
h^oldlxig tee I bcix til twtjji h thtiij^i^ j^T* k«i)tcooI by means
of icm ; PeJngrerntoJ-, - Iw cnuo |for tV^j/ erf am], cre«m,
Enilh. or ni«lanJ, •wi^x't^uc^d, flsTorcd* imd froxrn. — les
lutaii^ a clDNe«i\-i^rwl it\m'v^ for otorinfr i<^. — Ic« water, (a)
Wat^r cuoUvl Uy iro. \f>> Wnttr tnTni<?jl by melting ice.
^—r.t. {imp. ^ p. p. IcuD (iel) ; p. pr. & vb. n. IciKO
(i'nlfiK).] L To cttV"i*F wHh kn ; t'> convert into ice. 2.
Ta (xiTP r wMU \c\t\wi to f »at { cAkf^«T > ' t v , ). 3. To cooL
IlMlMirt' (is'UrjE'), »i. [Cr bw. mI.t^ mountain of
Ifw.] L^r];*' iii:i«« L^E it'is ^t'litrrallj fluiitiug in the ocean.
i^t-^^nu- To J- ajt attN r. fr. I^^•■J.^ j;.f*r^t^.S>,] X. A Camiv-
vivum iiintiiiiuki vf Aai* aIiu AiricM, wijiCh dcstrOyH the
eggs and young of crocodile^ snakes, and lizards. 2. A
hyraenopterons insect of numerous genera, whose larva
livM upon the internnl tiseues of the maect in which it is
parasitic, nnd finally kUlt it.
loh-BOC^-pliy (-uSflr'rA-'y), n. [Or. Ixfvypa^i'a:
iXcof -f~ y;^^"' to describe.] A horizontal section o\ an
obj<«^t ; ground plan ; map : art of making such plans.
Folior (iOcOr), n. [Or. cxup.] 1. An ethereal fiuid
fablM to take the place of blocld in the veins of the gods.
2. Thin, acrid dischnrire from an ulcer, wound, etc.
I'ollOr-01UI« a. Lik'' ichor ; tbi 1 ; watery ; serous.
l0ll'tliy-6I'O-K7 (TL'tliT-CTJ-jy), n. [Or. ixOyk, -W,
fish + -^ooy.] Natural history of fishea. — Ica'tliy-ol'-
0-cist (-jfst), n.
I0Vtny-O9h'a-90IIS (-C'A-gtt*), a. [Or. tx^Mx^ayoc ;
iv0t'>c 4* ^yc^y to eat.]^ Eating, or subeistintr on, flth.
rd-ole (iM-k'l), n, [AS. Ugicel; U ice -^gicel icicle.]
A pendent mass of ice.
I'ol-ly, adv. In an icy manner ; coldlv.
Vd-m&Kh n. The b"in<f icy or very coW ; friprldity.
I'dnf (i'tTuf;), n. A covering resembling ice, as of
suorar and milk or wh{t«> of etrg ; froBtiur.
I-OOn'O-oUst (t-k5n^-klSH), n. [Or. cucwf image +
xAoy to break.] 1. A breaker of idols. 2. Due who
dentroys shams ; a radicaL — I-COn^O-oUs'tin. n.
^FoO-sa-lM'dron (i'k<^-84-hS'dr5n), n. [Or. fiKoa-atSpoy;
sucovt tw«ntv -f «6pa base.] A solifl having '2H) faces.
lO-terlO (Tk-t^r'Tk), a. [L. ictericits, Or. ucTcpi«6f,
fr. MCTvpoc Jaundice.] 1. Pert, to, or affoctod with,
jaundkse. 2. Oood against the jaundice.— m. A remedy
for the jaundice. ~I6-t«ri0-«l (Tk-tSra-kal), a.
Poy (i'a]^), a. [AS. Uig.-\ 1. Pertaining to, like, or
abounding in, ice; cold; froety. 2. Characterized bv
coldness, as of manner, infiueuce, etc. ; chilling ; frigid.
I *a (id). Contr. f r. / ttoutd or / had.
I-de'a (t-dVA), n. [L. ; Or. t«ea, fr. iUl^ to aee.] 1.
Mental image of a visible object. 2. A conceptioo f orm«i
by generalization. 3. Object apprehended by the niad.
4. Belief ; opinion. 6. Purpose ; design.
Syn. — Notion : conception : thought ; sentiiDent ;
fancy ; belief ; consideration ; view ; design ; intentieu :
purpose: plan: model; pattern.
I-de'ai, a. X Existing in idea or thought; mentaL
2. Reaching an imaginary standard of exceUence ; fanlt-
lesa. 3. Existing in imacination only; visionary; na-
reaL 4. Teaching the doctrine of Idealism. — ». A
mental conception regarded as a standard of perfection.
Syn. — Intellectuaf; fanciful : unreal ; Utopian.
I-de'al-im, n. 1. Quality of being ideair2. Coo-
ceptions of the ideaL 3. Philosophical theory that deniea
the existence of material bodies, and makes everything
to consist in ideas and their relations. — I-dd'al-IM, n.
VdO-tHtrtf (iMMl'T-t]^), n. 1. The being ideaL 2.
Capacity to form ideals of beauty or perfection.
rde'al-lia (t^iS'al-iz), r. /. To make ideal ; to attrib-
ute ideal excellences to. — r. t. To form ideala.
FAam (i'dfim), pron. or adj. [L.] The tame; nne
as above ; — abbr. id.
MentifHa (t-dSnai-kal), 0. [P. idenH^M. Bee
Idbkhtt.] 1. The same ; the very same ; not different.
2. Tautological.— I<4eil'tl(Hd-ly,ff(/v.
Men'U-fl-oatlOll (-tT-fT*kS'sl>lin), n. An identifying,
or proving to be the same ; a being identified.
I-tfMltl-fT (-fi)» "• '• L^- identifier. See iDnrrrrr,
and -FY.] 1. To make to be the same. 2. To establish
the identity of ; to prove to be the same as.
MMItl-ty (-t^), n. [F. identiU, LL. ideniitai, fr. L.
idem.'] The being identical, or the same ; sameneaa.
I'de-0-gnplllO (I'dM-grlfTk ), I a. RepreeenUng
rde-<^-gnplll0-U ( -grifT-kal ), ) ideas by symbols,
lu''«r>endentty of sounds.
rde-Of^-phy (-Sg^rA-^). n. Representation of Ideas
independently of sounds, as in shorthand writing, etc
IdM (idz). n. pi. [L. idus."] In the old Roman cal-
endar, the I5tli day of March, May, July, end October,
and 13th of other months.
Ul-O-cy (T. a-ft-KJ^), n. The being an idiot
Idl-om (-&n)), n. [Or. tfitM^o, fr. Utoc oim*s own,
proper, peculiar.] 1. Structural form peculiar to any
language ; genius of a language. 2. An expreasion sanc-
tioned by usage, havhig a sense peculiar to itself and not
agreeing with the logical sense of its structu.r.l form ;
phrase forms peculiar to a partk;ular author. 3. Dialect
— Id^l-o-mat'io, ini-o-matic-al, a.
Syn. — Idiom ; Dialbct. — The idioms of a language
belong to its very structure : its dialects are varietiet of
expression. Each county of England has some peculiar*
itte<i of dialect, and so have most of the prof eaaiona, while
the great idioms of the language are everywhere the same.
Id'l-O-pftthli (-pStliTk), to. Pertaining to idiopathy;
Id'i-0-pfttll'in-ai (-T-k/rl), I characterising a dlMaae
arising primarily, and not from some other diseare.
IdiOp'a-tliy (-5r'&-thJ^), n. [Or. iiunr^B^i^ ; Utot +
naOtiv, rrdaxtiy, to suffer.] 1. A peculiar, or individual,
rh iracteristlc or affection. 2. Morbid atate not occa-
sioned by any other disease ; a primary disease.
Id'i-o-iyn'eni-sy (-6->«Tn'kriw«y), n. [Or. S^ioav^pa-
<ria; t6uK-\-avv with -i-Ktpayiniyai to mix.'i Peculiarity
u, c, I, C, a. Ions i ft* C. I, 5, O, Sf 'hort ; senAte, dvent, tdea, 6bey, Unite, cilre, lirm, Ask, |^1, flaoL
IDIOT
281
ILLUME
of oolisfcltatioo or tempermmeDt ; oluuraoteriikio dlitin-
coiahtiiff an individual ; eooentrldty.
UirOt (Tda4St)t n. [F. ; L. idiota an nn^docatod per-
aoo. Or. UtMnitt alao and orig., a private peraon, not
holding public otBoe, fr. Idiot proper, peculiar.] 1. A
fanman befaig deitttate of ordinary intellectaal powers ; a
natoral fooL 2. Fool ; simpleton. — U^-oMo (-dtmc), a.
Ul-Ot-lnB, n. [Or. tdumtfM^, fr. iduortfcty to put
into common language, fr. i5i»Tir«.] 1. An idiom. 2.
Lack ot mental ci^Mici^ ; idiocy ; f ooUshneea.
Fdto (I'dn), a. ICompar. Idub (FdWr) ; mperl.
iDurr (IMlSst).] [Aa Uel rain, uaeleas.] 1. Of no ao-
eoont ; uaeleas. 2. Not turned to appropriate use ; un-
employed. 3. Inactive; doing nothing. 4. Laxy; sloth-
ful. — V. i. To spend time in inaction. — v. t. To waste.
— Pdle-aesi, n. — PdlMr, n. — I'dly, adv.
Syn.— Idle; Ikdolbnt; Lazt: unoccupied; vacant;
Inactive ; sluggish ; slotlif ul ; useless ; futile ; frivolous ;
vain ; trifling ; unprofitable. — Indolent denotes an hamt-
oal love of ease, a settled dislike of effort ; idle is op-
posed to bmty^ and denotes dislike of continttous exertion.
Lasy is a stronger and more contemptuous term.
VM (iMSl). n. [Or. «i&a\D»', fr. lUw to see.1 1.
Image or a deity or other being, used as an object of wor-
ahip. 2. That on which the affections are strongly set.
rdol'ft-tor (t-dSl'A-tSr), n. 1. A worshiper of idols ;
« a pagan. 2. A rn%t admirer. — I-dOI'A-trMS (-trSs), n. /.
UoKa-tiy (-tr^)^ "• [<}'• tiUtXoKarptia ; •lUokw +
karp^ia. service.] 1. Worship of idols. 2. Excessive
attachment for anything. — I-m'a-trons (-trOs), a.
rd6l-lM (-Iz); V. /• 1* To make an idol of ; to pay
idolatrous worship to. 2. To love to excess or to adoration.
Fdyl (i'dTl), n. [Or. (iavAAtoy, fr. «t3oc form ; lit., a
little image.] A short poem ; short pastoral or descrip-
tive poem. [Written also idyll.^ — I-dylOlfi (-dTllTk), a.
L e. Abbr. of Litin id est, that is.
O (If), etmj. [AS. ffi/.} 1. In case that; granting,
allowing, or supposing that ; — introducing a condition or
sapposition. 2. W bather ; — in dependent questions.
IrneKms (Tg^nl-fi^), a. [L. igneiu^ fr. ignis fire.]
1. Fert. to, llkf*, or containing fire. 2. Produced by fire.
0 finals fat^-IIS (Tg'nTs lkt'tt-n%). [L. ignU -H /n-
fNtw foolish.] 1. A phosphorescent light appearing at
night, over mirshy grounds. 2. A decoy.
If-altt' (-uSf), V. t. [L. iffnire, -^titum, fr. iffnii.}
Tolindle or set on fire. — v. i. To take fire. — If-ntt^
l-M« (-T-Vl), 0. -IV-ni'tton (-nTsb'Qn), n.
If-no^le (-nyb'i), a. [L. ignobUis; pref. <n- not -f-
nobfli* noble.] 1. Of low birth : not noble ; humble.
2. B\se. — If-]U»1>1«-1MU, n. — If -nolily, adv.
Syn. — I>egenerate ; degraded ; mean ; infamous.
Ig^aO-nilS'l-OillS (Tg^nft-mTnT-Ss), a. 1. Marked with
Ignominy; shimefui. 2. Deserving ignominy; despi-
cable. 3. Degrading.— I|;'llO-]||lBl-OllS-ly,/i/fr.
If^no-mln-y (Tq:'n6-mTn-y^, n, [L. ignominia; in-
not -H nom«n nime.] 1. Public disgrace or dishonor;
infamy. 2. An Infamous act.
Syn. — Opprobrium ; reproach ; dishonor.
If^nO-ra'miUI (-rl'mns), n. [L., we are ignorant
Bee loHoma.] A stupi 1 person ; dunce.
IS'ttO-ranoe (-rwn%), n. [F.] A being ignorant
I^'BO-rant o* [^m ^r* I^ ignorang^ -antis, p. pr. of
rorare to be ignorant] 1. Destitute of ImowliHlge.
Unaware. 3. Foolish; silly. — I^no-nuiMy, ^<fr.
Syn.-IovoRAKT; Illitbbatb; untaught: unenlight-
ened : uninformed ; unlearned ; unlettered. — Ignorant
denites wvA ot knowledge, either as to a single subj^t
Of information In geneml; illUernte refers to ignorance
of letters, or of knowledge acquired by study.
Iff-BOIl' (-n5r')» v, t. [L. ignornre; pref. <n- not -}-
root of gnarus knowing.] 1. To reject as ungrounded
(a bill rej'^ted by a gmnd Jury for want of evidence).
2. To refuss to take notice of ; to disregard.
IrMJlVHA (T-gwK^ni), n. [8p.] A large American
liiard, of nrborMl habits and feeding chiefly upon fruits.
im'^im (Tl^ft-Om), n. [L., pL ilia groin, flank.]
The last, and usually longeet oiviaion of the small in-
testine. [Written also Ueom. and ilium.'} — II'«-ao, a.
II lOn (i'liks), n. [L., holm oak.] (a) The holm
oak. (b) An evergreen ahrub ; holly.
II H'a-UII (lia-Cbn), n. [See Ileum.] The dorsal coi
of the three principal bonea comprising either lateral hall
ofthepelvia. [Written also tfion, and i/«ttm.]~Ill^kO,o.
nk (Ilk), a. [Soot ilk; AS. ilea.} Same ; each.
IU(Tl),a, [Regular oomparative and superlative want-
ing, being supplied by wotm (wflrs) and ieortt (wflrat),
f r. another root] 1. Contrary to good, advantMe, hap-
pineasj etc. ; bad ; erlL 2. Wicked ; hnproper. 3. Sick ;
unwelL 4. Not accordant with proprie^ ; rude.
zn fkiBs, bad repute. — HI wHl, unUndness : malevolence.
Syn.— Bad ; evil ; wrong : wicked ; sick ; unwell.
— n. 1. Whatever impairs happhiess or prevenUaucceM;
misfortune; disease; pain. 2. Wickedneas; wronf ;
evil. '^adv. In an ill manner ; badly ; weakly.
I '11 (H). Contr. for I will or I shall.
U-lMjm^ (TmpaO» «»• *• [I* <««W, 4apsut; pref. «-
in + to^ to fall, sUde.] To fall or glide ; to pass. — n.
A gliding in ; sudden attack.
n-lft'ttOll (-U'shtin), ». [L. illatio, fr. Hiatus, used
as p. p. of in/erre to carry or bring In, but fr. different
root.] An inferring; deduction; conclusion.
WlM'ttW (Tia&-tTv), a. [L. iUatirus.) Inferential;
conclusive. — n. An illative particle, as/or, because.
Ill'-4Nred' (-brSdOf a. Bidly educated ; undril ; rude.
n-le'Ctl (•IS'gal), a. [Pref. il- not + legaLl, Not
" * * kwful ; illicit ; immonJ. — U-U
according to law; unlai
(•l-ly, adv. ^BfUhjnXtr
n-iM^-ttU (-wj wi).
not legible. — D-lMri-llll'
J illicit ; immoi
ll-ty (TKlt-gUT-tJ^), ».
Incapable of * '
l-to"-
being read;
„ _ __^ J1-ty, n. -^n-tori-ldy, adv.
niMlttl-BUIte (hnt-iXtn-mtt), a. l. Notaccordhig
to law : unlawful ; improper. 2. Unlawfully begotten ;
bastard. 3. Not legitimately deduced ; Illogical. 4. Not
authorized by good usage ; spurious, — v. 1. To render
illegitimate ; to declare or prove to be bom out of wed-
lock. — lll«-gttl-mt-€y, n. — nie^'l-mallcMi, n.
m'-fa'vorad (fl'vSrd), a. Ugly ; ill-looking.
n-m/er-al (-lTV8r-«l), a. [L. illiberalis.'] L Not
liberal; m^^an ; sordid. 2. Indicating a lack of breeding
and the like ; ignoble ; narrow-minded ; disingennoua.
-n-nb/er-tl1-ty (-wt-ty), n. -nilb'er-«l-ly, adr.
n-Ux/it (-ITs^t), a. [L. ilUcitus ; pref. il- not + liei-
ius, p. p. of lieere to be perm{tte<1.] Not permitted or
aUowed. — IlUolt-ly , adv. — D-Uo^-IieM, n.
n-Uinlt-A-bto (-ittnTt-A-bn). a. Incapable of being
limited or bonnded ; irameasiirable.
Syn. — Boundless ; limitless ; infinite : vast
n-lir«r-«-€y (-ITt'Sr-A-^y ). n. 1. The being Illiterate ;
inability to read and write. 2. A lit«>rary blun'^er.
Il-lit'or-Ate (-&t), a. [L. iUUeratus: pref. il- not +
literaius learned.] Ignorant of letters or books; un-
lettered ; nn*»dnc*ited. — r-Uf'^r-ate-n^^, n.
Syn. — Untmught ; nnscholarly. See loNOBAHT.
m^-Bl^tlirea (-niatrd), a. 1. Of habitual bad tem-
per ; peevish ; cross ; surly. 2. Dictated by, or indicat-
ing, ill nature ; spiteful. — Ill'-IM't1irod-ly, adv.
lU'IieflS, n. 1. D'««e"»^. 2. Wronir mond conduct
Syn. — lLLifB98; Skknb^s: milady; disease; indls-
po^tion ; ailment. — Withtai the present century, it has
HAcoroe usual to use illness in the sense of a continuous
disease, and to confine sickneM more psn«H;iaUy to a sense
of nausea, or *" si'^kness of the stomach."
B-h^^tO-al (-ISjT-k/rl), a. I«morant or nerlirent of
the rules of logic ; oontrarv to mien of sonnd reaaoning.
— P-lOff^-Al-ly, adv. — n-loarlo-tl-iiMM, n.
lU'-Starmd' (-stttrdOi a* F^ued to be unfortunnte.
n-llld*' (-ludO, V. f. [L. illudere, Hlusum ; pref. it-
in + l»dere to play.1 To pUy upon by artmoe; to
mock ; to excite and dfs*riv>jr»t the hnpes of.
n.lmiM/ (-lumO, r. t. [F. Hhtminer. S*e iLtUMnrAn.]
To make light or bright : to illuminate ; to illumine.
fBm, recent, IVrb, r^de, f^I, <lm, food, fdbt, cut, oil, chair, go, sing, lijk, then, thin.
ILLUMINATE
282
IMMATERIALISM
n-lnlBl-IUrte (TMu'mT.nit), r. /. [L. iUuminnre,
•naium; pref. i/- in + lumimtre to eulighten, fr. lumen
light.] 1. To make liglit ; to brighten. 2. To liglit up ;
to decorate with artificial ligtits. 3. To adorn (a book
or page) with borders, initial letters, etc. 4. To make
clear; to elucidate. — B-ln^lBi-lUlftiOB, n. — Il-lll'Bll-
Bft-ttY*, a. — n-ln'mi-aaaor, n.
n-lo'lBllM (-mln), v. /. To illuminate.
n-ln'akm (-xh&n), n. [F. ; L. illusio, fr. Uludere, iUu-
M<m, to iUnde.] 1. An unreal image presented to the
bodily or mental vision. 2. Anything agreeably fasci-
nating and charming ; witchery. 3. Lace for veils, etc.
Ryu. — Illubiom ; Dslusion; mockery: deception;
fallacy. — lUusian refers particularly to errors of the
sense ; delution to false hopes or deceptions of the mind.
D-ln'ltTt (-sTt}, a. Deceiving by false show ; deceit-
ful ; unreaL — n-ln'llTe-lT, adv. — Il-ln'St¥»-nOM, n.
n-ln'M-IT (-si-rj^)* a. Deceiving ; f-Ulacious ; illiuave.
n-lvalnie (-l&s'trlt), v. t. [L. itluatmre^ Aratum.
Bee Illustuous.I 1. To make clear or luminous. 2. To
■et in a clear light ; to exhibit. 3. To elucidate by fig-
ures, comparisons, and examples. 4. To adorn (a book
or a subject) with pictures. — D-lllS'lra-tor (-trt-iSr), n.
nina-timtlon (-Itts-tri'sh&n), n. 1. An illustrating ;
elucidation : the being illustrated, or made clear. 2. That
which illustrates ; a comparison or example. 3. Picture
dednied to decorate or elucidate.
n^lialim-tlTt (•llis'tri-tTv), a. Tending or designed
to illustrate, exemplify, or elucidate.
n-lnStrl-OIUI (-trl-tts), rt. [L. illtutHs: fr. il- in-f
root of lucid tu bright.] 1. Possessing luster or bright-
ness; splendid. 2. Characterized by greatness, noble-
ness, etc.; eminent; distinguished. 3. Conferring luster
or honor; renowned. — Il-lllfltrl-aiUI-ly, adv.
Syn. — Noted ; celebrated j sigmal ; renowned ; emi-
nent < noble ; glorious. See DismrouisHSD, Famous.
niy (TII]^), adv. [A word not fully approved, but
•ometlmes used for the adverb f//.]
I 'm (Im). Contr. of / am.
Im'ase (TmtJ ; 2), n. [F., fr. h. imago^ imaginii, fr.
root ofimitari to imitate.] 1. An imitation, representa-
tion, or similitude of any person, thing, or act, made per-
ceptible to the sight ; efngy ; picture. 2. An idol. 3.
Show; appearance. 4. Picture drawn by the fancy;
conception ; idea. 6. A rhetorical illustration ; extended
metaphor. 6. Picture of any object formed by rays of
light reflected to a focus ; likeness of an object formed by
reflection. — v. t. To represent or form an image of.
Im'AgV-ry (-rjn, n. l. The making images of objects ;
imitation work. 2. Unreal show ; imitation ; appearance.
3. Work of the imagination or fancy ; false ideas ; hooagi-
nary phantasms. 4. Rhetorical decoration.
iBMIC'i-IUI-lllt (Tm-SjT-ni-b'l), a. Capable of being
imagined; conceivable.
Im-ASl-IUI-ry (-nt-rj^)t a. Existing only in Imagina-
tion or fancy ; not real ; fancied ; visionary ; ideal. — n.
In algebra, an imaginary expression or quantity, being
one which involves the impossible operation of taking the
square root of a nefratlve quantity ; as, V — ^9, a-^-b V— 1.
Syn. — Ideal: chimerical; unreal; illusive.
Im-ACi-IUltlOll, n. [F. ; f r. L. inwginntio.'] 1. Power
to call up mental images. 2. The representative power ;
the fancy. 3. Power of conceiving and expressmg the
ideal. 4. A notion.
8yn. — Imaoikation ; Fancy: conception; idea: con-
ceit ; device ; origination ; invention ; scheme ; design ;
purpose ; contrivance. — Imagination and fancy have
been considered synonymous. A distinction, however, is
now made between them. Imagination consists in tidEing
mrts of our conceptions and combining them into new
forms and images more select, more striking, etc., than
those of ordinarv nature. Fnnni is governed hy laws of
association which are more remote, and sometimes arbi-
trary or capricious.
Illl*«Cl-lUI*tlT» (-nA-tTv), a. 1. Proceeding from the
imagination. 2. Oiven to imagining ; creative.
Des-
I In-ac'lBe (Tm-IjTn), V. /. [L. imaginmri^ -mahu^ fr.
' imtij^ image.] 1. To form a notion of ; tocooct-ive. 2.
To scheme ; to deviate ; to purpose. 3. Tu thii.L ; to be-
lieve. — r. i. To think ; to suppose. — Im-AT 'ill-«r, ».
Syn. — To fancy : think ; plan ; scheme : devise.
liI-BUl'fO(T-ma'gd), n. [L] 1. An imaf e. 2. Tbe
final adult, and usiially winged, btate of an inject.
Im-teBk' (Tm-blnka r. /. [Pref. t'm- in -f 6aiU:.] Tb
inclose or defend with banks. See Embavx.
Im-lMUlk'talMIt, n. A surrounding with a bank ;
raised for defense, a roadway, etc. ; embankment.
ImOM-Ollt (Im'bl-sTl or ^S), a. [L. imbccilli*. ]
titute of strength ; impotent ; feeble-minded. — n.
destitute of strength ; one of feeble mind.
Syn. — Weak ; feeble ; feeble-minded ; idiotic.
Im'be-^Ul-ty (-»TIT-tj^), n. The being imbecile.
Syn. — Infirmity : impotence. See Dbboxtt.
Im-bed' (bSdO, «. /. To sink or hiy, as in a bed ; to
cover, as with earth, sand, etc.
Im-blbO' (-bTbO» V. t. [L. imbibere : pref. im- 4 bibere
to drink.] 1. To drink in ; to absorb ; to receive as by
drinking. 2. To receive into the mind and retain.
miM-Utlni (Im^bT-blsh'lin), n. An imbibing, or ab-
sorbing, [morose or mslignsnt. I
Im-MtOMr (-bTf tSr), r. /. To make bitter ; to mi^kel
Im-lMMl^ (-bfid^), V. L To become corporeal ; to as-
sume the qualities of a material body ; to embody.
Im-bold'Ml (-bSld'^n), r. /. To embolden.
Illl-bOS'Olll(-bd6a^m),v./. L To hold in the bosom;
to cherish. 2. To place in the midst of ; to shelter.
Imlnl-oate (-brl-ktt), l a. [L. imbriearf, -catum^
ImnDll-oa'tad (-ki'tSd), ( to cover with tiles, fr. tm-
brexy 'icity tile, fr. imber rain.] 1. Bent
and hollowed like a roof tile. 2. Lying
over each, so as to ** break joints,** like shin-
gles on a roof, scales on the leaf buds of
plants and cups of acorns, or soales of fishes.
— iBtlUdl-Oft'tiOill, n.
Im-lirOfriO (brSl'yft), n. [Written also
embroglio.'] [It.] 1. An intricate plot, as
of a drama. 2. A complicated state of things ;
a serious misunderstanding.
Im-lirowil' (-brounO, v. /. To make
brown ; to obscure ; to tan.
bn-lmie' (-brnO, v. t, [Cf. OF. enibruer,
embevrtr^ to give to drink, soak.] To soak ;
to drench, esp. in blood.
Im-linito' (-briitO, r. /. & i. To sink to
the state of a brute.
Illl-lm«'(-bu'),».'. [L. fwiAtiereJ 1. To
tinge deeply ; to cause to absorb. 2. To impress.
Iml-U-llle (TmT-ti-b'l), a. Capable or worthy of imi-
tation. - Im'1-U-Ue-IMM, Im'l-U-bai-tf, n.
Iml-tate (-tat), r. r [L. imt/art , -//i/im. j 1. To copy.
2. To produce a likeness of ; to counterfeit.
Im'1-tatlon, n. 1. An imitating. 2. Likeness.
Iml-U-tty« (-tt-tTv), a. 1. Inclined to imitate, copv,
or follow ; dependent on example ; not origlnaL 2.
Formed after a model, pattern, or original.
Im'l-U'tor (-tS'tSr). n. [L.] One who imltstes.
Im-lllAO^-lftta (-mSk'd-lIt), a, [L. immactdatHt;
pref. im- not + macula spot.] Spotless ; pure.
iBlna-IMIlt (-raA-nrnt), a. [L. immanent ; fm-in-f-
manere to remain.] Remaining within ; inherent : in-
trinsic ; abidinr. — IBiliiA-iMiioe, Im'ma-neii-oT, n.
Im-IIUIl1l-«l (-mSn'd-Sl), n. [Heb. ^immanUel.] Ood
with us ; — an appellation of Christ.
Im'BUI-te^-U (-mA-te'rT-^il), a. [Pref. im- not +
material.'] 1. Not consisting of matter; incorporeal;
spiritual. 2. Of no substantial consequence.
Syn. — Unimportant ; insignificant ; trifling.
Im'ma-tO^-lll-lail, n. 1. Doctrine thst immaterini
substances or spiritual beings exist, or are possible. 2.
Idealism.
m 9, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, 0, t, short ; senate, «vent, tdea, 6bey, fbiite, cAre, iirm, &sk, ||U, final.
IMMATERIALITY
283
IMPASSABLY
l-toOri-all-ty am'ni4.t5'rT4ai-ty), 11. Thebe-
im^ iinmaterud or incorporeal.
Ini']iu4a'ii-al-ly, aav, 1. Without matter or corpo>
real subfltaiice. 2. In an unimportant manner or degree.
Im'ma-tllM' (-tur^), a. Not mature ; not arrived at
perfection or full development ; crude. — Im'nui-tim'-
ly, adv. —Imfnu^tun'nmM, Im'iiui-tall-ty, n.
Im-IIMaa'lir-A-ble (-mSzli'ttr-A-b*!), a. Incapable of
being measured ; indefinitely extensive ; vast. — Im-
meas'iir-a-blyt adv.
Illl-mt'd^aIe (-mS'dMt), a. [F. immSdiat. See Ih-
not, and Mkdiats.] L Not separate by anything inter-
vening ; close. 2. Present ; instant. 3. Acting without
the intervention of Another object ; acting directly.
Sjn^ — Proximate ; close ; direct ; next.
Ul-ilie^di-atA-lTt adv. L In an immediate manner ;
directly. 2. Without delay ; at once. 3. As soon as.
»yn. — Instantly : forthwith. See Dibbctlt.
Ul'Ilie-mo'ri-al (Tm'mS-iuS'rT-^il), a. Extending be-
jotkd reach of memory, record, or tradition ; indefinitely
aodont. — Im^me-nio^al-ly, adv.
Im-manss' (-mSny), a. [L. immenms ; pref. im- ■\-
metiri^ meiutu^ to measure.] Iinmeasur tble ; unlimited ;
very great : vast ; huge. — Im-mttllMlyt adv. — Im-
mtn'll-ty (-in«a'sT-t^), n.
Syn. - lufinite : illimitsibl') : unbounded : intermina-
ble ; vast ; prodigious ; monstrous. See Enoemous.
Im-BMIsy (•mSrs'), v. /. [L. immergrre^ -mersum.l
1. To plunge into (a fiuid, etc.) ; to bury. 2. To baptize
by dipping. 3. To engage deeply ; to overwhelm. — Im-
inei'UOll (-mS '^h&n), n.
Im'ms-tlUNlld-al (•mt-thSdT-kal), a. Not method-
ical ; without systemttic arrangement ; confuted. — Im^-
me-tbodlo-al-ly, a<f p. — Im'me-tliodlo-al-iioas, n.
Syn* — IrreguiJU- ; confused ; desultory.
Im'inl-craitt (-mt-trrant), n. Oue who immigrates.
Syn. —See Ehiosaiit.
Iqi'mi-jnte (-grac), v. i. pL immigrarey -gratum ;
pref. tm- in -)- tntgrare to migrate.] To come into a coun-
try for permanent residence. — Irn'mi-gntlOll, n.
lOI'lia-IMnoef n. 1. The being imminent ; a threat-
ening (something about to happen). 2. Impending eviL
Ltt'ffll-nailt) a. [L. <mfnt'nen«, p. pr. ot imminere;
pref. im — (- minere (in comp.) to jut, project.] 1.
Tlireatening to occur immediately. 2. Perilous.
Syn. — iMMUfSNT ; Impxndiko; THRSATumro ; near
at h%ni. — Imminent denotes that somettiine is ready to
fall or happen on the instant. Impending denotes that
something hangs suspended over us, and may so remain
In lefinlteTy. Threatening supposes some danger in pros-
pect, but more remote.
Im.nilS'ol.blo (-mTa'sT-bU), a. Not capable of being
mixed or mingled. — Im-mil'cl-bll'l-ty, n.
Im-nHa'alOii (-mT^l/tln), n. [L. immissiOy fr. immit-
tere^ -miuum ; pref. «m- in -f- miitere to send.] An im-
mitting, or thrusting in ; injection ; — correl. of emUtion.
Illl-mitl-fa-bl«(-mTt^-g&-b'l), a, [L. immiHgabUi*.'\
Not capable of being mitigated, softened, or I4>pea8ed.
Im'mo-blll-ty (-m^-bTlT-tj^), n. [L. imniohaUa*;
pref. im- -h mobili* movable.] The being immovable.
Im-mofl'er-ate (-m5i'3r-ftt). a. Not moderate ; exceed-
ing just bounds ; excessive. — Illl-lllOd'or-«t«-ly, adv. —
bn-mod'er-ato-neas, n.
Syn. — Excessive ; unreawmable ; inordinate.
Im-AOft'ttSt (-mSd'iSst), a, 1. Not limited to due
boands; immoderate. 2. Not modest; indecent; lewd.
— Im-moft^ast-ly, atf r. — im-mofl'es-ty, n.
8yn. — Indecorous : indelicate ; shameless : shameful ;
impudent ; indecent ; impure ; unchaste ; l«»wd ; obwrene.
Im'mO-lAta (tm'mi-lat), r. /. [L. immolare, .latum.]
To sv;rific^ ; to kill, as a sacrificial victim. — Im'mo-Ul'-
tor, n. — Irn'mo-U'tton, n.
Ifn-mor'al (-raSr^nl), n. Not moral ; inconsistent with
rectitude. —Im-moir'al-ly, adv.
8yn. — Wicked; criminal; vicious; depraved; un-
obaste ; profligate ; dissolute ; lewd ; obscene.
Im'BM-nH-ty (Tm^m^-rSIT-ty), n. 1. The befaig Im-
moral ; vice. 2. An immoral act or practice.
Im-mortal (-mdr'tal), a. 1. Not mortal; undying;
lasting forever. 2. Connected with, or pertaining to,
immortality. 3. Destined to live in all ages of this world.
— n. One exempt from death or annihUation.
Syn. — Eternal ; ceaseless : perpetual ; ccmtinoal ; end-
less ; imperishable ; incorruptible ; undying.
Im'llior-tallty (-mSr-tiaa-tf ), n. L The being im-
mortal ; unending existence. 2. Perpetuity.
Im-lllorlal-lM (-mdr'tal-iz), v. t. 1. To render im-
mortaL 2. To perpetuate in fame.
In-moi'tal-ly, t^dv. in an immortal manner.
Im^mor-tallO' (-m5r-tS10« *»• l^-l A phmt with a
conspicuous, dry, unwitheriug involucre ; the everlasting.
iBI-mov'A-bla (-mS&v'A-bU), a. 1. Incapable of being
moved ; fast. 2. Steadfast ; imalterable. 3. Not capa-
ble of being moved in feeling. 4. Permanent in place ;
fixed. — n. L That wluch can not be moved. 2. pi.
Lands and things adherent thereto. — In-lllOT'a-Uo-
maa, Im-mov^a-blll-ty, n. — Im-inov'a-bly, adv.
Illl-Ill!l'lll-ty (-mu'nl-tj^), n. [L. immuniias.'] I.
Freedom from any charge, duty, office, tax, penalty, or
service : % particular privilege. 2. Freedom ; exemption.
Im-mnra' (-murO* v. t. [Pref. im- in -f mufie, L.
murtM wall.] To inclose within walls ; to imprison.
Im-nni'ta-ble (-mu'tft-bU), a. Not mutable ; unalter-
able. — Im-mn'U-ble-iiaaa, Iin-mn^ta-bUl-ty, n. —
Iiii-iiiiita-blyT adv.
Imp (Imp), n. [OE. imp a graft, AS. tmpa.] A young
or inferior devil ; little, malignant spirit.
Im-paot' (Tm-pSkf), V. /. lL.impingerey -pactum. See
iMPiNoa.] To drive close ; to press fi^-mly together.
Im'pafll (Tm'pXkt), n. Contact or impression by
touch ; collision ; force communicated.
In-paibr' (Tm-pfcr'), r. /. [L. pref. im- in -f pejorare
to make worse, fr. pejor worse.] To make won«e ; to
diminish in quantity, value, or strength. — Im-pair'er, n.
Syn. — To dimixnsh ; weaken ; enfeeble ; deteriorate.
Im-pala' (-p51'), v. t. 1. To pierce with a pale ; .to
kill by fixing on a stake. 2. To inclose, as with pales.
Im-pala'lliailt. n. 1. An impaling, or being impaled.
2. An inclosing by stakes or pales ; space so inclosed.
Im-pal'pa-ble (-pSl'p&-b*l), a. 1. Not palpable ; that
cannot be felt ; extremely fine. 2. Not material ; intangi-
ble ; incorporeal. 3. Not apprehensible by the mind ;
unreal —Xm-pal'pa-bly, adv. — Im-Ml'pa-blll-ty, n.
Im-pail'al (-pXn'Si), v. t. [imp. & p. p. iMPAirsLaD
(-Sid) or Impambllbu ; p. pr. & vo. n. Impankliko or Im-
PANELLuro.] [Written also empanel.'] To enter in a
list called a panel; to enroll (a list of jurors).
T-pTn'nftt), a. [L. impar un-
'innate witha
Im-parl-plnliata (-pftr^
equal + E. pinnate.] Pins
single terminal leaflet.
Im-parl-ty i-V^m-tf), n. [Pref.
im- -f- parity.] 1. Inequality ; di».
parity; difference of degree, rank,
excellence, number, etc. 2. Lack of
suitableness ; incongruity.
Im-part' (-partOi v. t. [L. impar-
tire; pref. im- in + partire to part, fr.
pars, partita P»rt» wiare.] 1. To be-
stow a share or portion of ; to allow
another to partake in. 2. To com-
municate knowledge of ; to mnke
known. — r. ^ To give a part. — Im-
parfar, n.
Syn.— To share -.yield ; confer : convey : grant : give ;
reveal ; disclose ; discover ; divulge. See Communicate.
Im-par^al (-p&r'shal), a. Not partial ; treating all
alike; disinterpnted ; fair; jnitt. — Im-par'tlal-ly, adv.
— Im-par'tl-al'1-ty (-sbT-SIt-ty or Im'pSr-shSia-ty), n.
Im-paaa'a-ble (-p&i.'4-bn), a. incapable of being
passed ; not admitting a passage. — Im-paaa'a-bly, adv.
f8ra, reo6at, 6rb, nide, f ^, llm, food, fan>t, oat, oil, obair, go, ainCi io^ then, tliin.
IMPASSIBLE
284
IMPETUOSITY
tn-pta'll-VU (Tm.piy>T-bn), a. [L. impoMtibUi*.^
Inci^Mble of sulferiug ; unfeeliufr. or not tbowmg feeliug ;
without aenntion. — Im-pM'n-Ut-IUM, Im-p«r8i-
Im-piuKaloll (-pSshliii), r. /. [Pref. im- in + pas-
sion.'] To move or affect strongly with pMsion.
lBI-pMKal0ll-«t«(-tt),a. Strongly affected.— v./. To
■rouM the paarions of. ^Without paarion or feeling. I
Im-pMKli0ll-«t«« a, [Pref. im- not -f pa**UmaU.'\ \
Im-pMKllMMd (-find), p. p. & a. Ardent ; excited.
Im-pUI'iftV* (-pie'sTy), a. Not susceptible of pain or
•uffermg ; uMthetio ; unmored. — Illl-piUl'ltT*-ly« odv,
— Im-pMW«-aa0s, Im'pas^Tl-ty ^sTva-ty), ».
In-ptt'tllllM (-pi'ahcna), n. [F. ; L. impatientia.'\
The being impatient ; want of endurance of pain, suffer-
■ - (tful
t fnlflllingits design ; not oonf ormed t6
ie.— n. The imperfect tense in gram*
ing, oppMition, or delay ; restlessness ; f retfulness.
Im-pftlkBt«a. [F. ; fr. L. impo/^^fM.] Not patient
intolennt ; eager for change, or something expected ;
hasty. — iB-pfttltltt-ly, adv,
8jn. — Reitless : uneasy ; eagf r : fretful ; passionate.
Im-pMUBh' (-p8ch0« V* <• [OF. empeechier to prevent,
hinder, L. impedieart to entangle ; pref. im- in -i-pedica
fetter, fr. pet, p«<fi«, foot.] 1. To charge with a crime ;
to arraign. 2. To charge with impropriety;, to call in
question. 3. To challenge credibiUtv of (a witness) or
vaMty of (commercial paper). — un-pMOh'or, n.—
Ifli-pMOll'A-Ptot o, — Im-pMOh'IBMlt, n.
Im-Ml/Oft-ld* (-pSkOii-bM), a. [L. impeeeabUi* ;
pref. m* not + peceart to sin.] Not liable to sin. —
». One who is impeccable. — iBI-peo'OA-lllllrty, n.
Im'pt-OII'lll-OIUI (-pl-ku'nT-(b), a. [L. im- -f- pfcu-
nia money.] Not having money ; poor. — Im'pt-oa'lli-
Oil-ty (-<WV.Qh, n.
Im-p«d«' <-ped'), V. /. [L. impedire, lit, to entangle
the feet ; pref. tin* in 4- p^tt peats ^ foot.] To obstruct.
Im-padl-atBt (-pSdT-ment), n. [L. impedimentum.l
That which impedes or hinders progress or effect.
Syn. — iMpsomsifT; Obstaclb: Difticultt: Hnc-
DEAHca; obstruction; incumbrance. — An impediment
strikes against our feet, checking our progress, and we
remove it. An ob^acle rises before us in our path, and we
surmount or remove it. A diffladty sets before us some-
thing hard to be done, and we overcome it. A htndratwe
holos us back, but we break away from it.
lOI-pal' (-p^lOt ^* '• [L. impellere ; pref. im- in -f
pMere^jmimm, to drive.] To urge forward or on. —
Im-paiaer. n. — Im-pallaitt, a.&n.
Syn. — To instigate ; induce ; drive ; actuate ; move.
bn-pond' (-pJndO. «». i. [L. impendire ; pref. im- -f-
pendere to hang.] To hang over ; to be immlnenL Seie
iMHUfnT. — im-pMid'tiioo, Im-paod'an-oyt n.
In-pendlny, n. Hanging over ; overhanging.
Syn. — Imminent ; threatening. Bee iMMiKsirr.
lDI-p«]|'«-tim-1ll« (•p8n't-tr4-b*l), a. 1. Incapable of
being penetrated ; not to be entered ; impervious. 2.
Preventing any other substance from occupying the same
space at Uie same time. 3. Inaccessible, as to knowl-
edge, reason, sympathy, etc. — Im-Mll'A-tni-Ua-lieflS,
Im-pca^e-tn-bU'tty, n.— im-poiMhtni-lily, adv.
IlB-paill-teilt (-T-t^nt), a. Not penitent ; not repenting
of sin ; not contrite. — Im-I»eBl-t«IIM, Im-penl-tMl-
oy, n.— Im-wnl-taiiMy. ndv.
Im-per'a-ttTt (-p«r'4-tTv), a. [L. imperntivHSy it. im-
r'nre to command ; pref. im- in -{- parnre to prepare.]
Expressing command ; authorit^ively directive. 2.
Not to be avoided or evaded ; obligatory ; compulsory.
3. Expressive of command, entreaty, advice, or ex-
hortation. — n. The imperative mood in grammar ; a
▼erb in the lmp«»rative mood. — I&l-ptl'a-tlTV-ly, nrfr.
Im'per-0«p^-1)le (-p?r-««p'tT-bM), a. Not perceptible ;
not discernible by the mind ; not easily apprehended.
— Im'per-oAo'tl-ble-iieai, Im'per-oep^tl-liill-ty. n. —
iBi'per-eei/tl-bl*-, ndr.
Im-perlect (-per'nnct), n. L Not perfect ; defective.
2. Wanting in some elpmentary organ essential to normal
riority.
perishable:
activity. 3. Mot I
a standard or rule. -
mar; form of a verb denoting the imperfect 1
Im-pMr'l»ot4y, adv. — im-ptrttet-iMas, n.
Im'per-fttrtiaB (Tm'pSr-iek'shlin), n. DefldoDcy.
Syn. -Defect; fault; failing; fraUty; blemish ; viee.
Im-P«^<«l (-pS'rT-ol), a, [L. imperialism fr. impe-
rium command, sovereignty, empire.] 1. Pertaining to
an empire or emperor. 2. Bovereign ; supreme. 3. Of
superior dxe or excellence. — n. 1. Tuft of hair on a
man*s chin. 2. Anytiiing of unusual sise or excellence.
Im-pt^lrl-Al-lm, n. Power or character of an em-
peror : imperial authority ; the spirit of empire.
Im-p^'n-Al-lst, n. One who serves an emperor; one
who favors imperialism. [or privilege. I
Im-pe'll-all-ty (-na-tj^), n. Immrial povrer, rlght,|
Im-p^'lrl-al-ly, adv. In an imperial manner.
Im-par^ (-perai), r. t. [imp. & p. p. Impbbilbo
(-TId) or Impbbillbd ; p. pr. & vb. n. iMPBRiLuie or In-
FBBILUHO.I To bring into peril ; to endanger.
Im-M'lioilS (Tm-rS'rT-Qs), a. [L. impeHows.l 1.
Haughty; arrogant. 2. Imperative; urgent; compel-
Ung. — im-pt^-oiu-lT, adv. — Im-pe^-oiw-iioas, n.
Syn. — Imfkrious ; lordlt; Domiksbkoio ; dictato-
rial ; haughty ; overbearing ; despotic ; arrogant ; imper-
ative : authoritative ; pressing. — One who Is imperioms
exercises his authority in a manner offendve for its spirit
and tone ; one who is iwdly assumes a lofty air in order
to display his importance ; one who is domineering gives
orders in a way to make others feel their inferiority
Ini-p«raili-a-1il0 (-perqsh.44>n), a. Not i ' '
enduring permanently. — Im nsrllll i
peMnh-ft-mll-ty, «i. —Im-Mrah-ft-Vly, adv.
Im-pnr'BM-A-Dla (-p8r'n)l-&-b*l), a. Not permeable ;
not permitting passage^ as of a fluid, through its sob-
stanoe ; impervious. — Illl-perlll*4l-Ull-tT» n,
Im-ptl'tOll-Al (-sttn-ol), a. Not personal ; not repre-
senting a person. — n, lliat which wants penooali^ ;
an impersonal verb, or one used with an indeterminate
subject; as. it rains; methinks (it seems to me). — IlB-
pti'«Mi<«l4y, adv. — iiii-p0rtoii-«ll-ty (-ht-^), n.
Im-ptl'WMl-ate (-St), v.t. L To invest with person-
ality ; to endow with the form of a living being. 2. To
personify. 3. To personate. — Im-ptr'WMl-A'tlai, Im'-
pcr-MII'l-fl-€atlon (Tm/p^r-sSn/T-ff^'ihOn), n.
bn-par^-naiioe (-tT-uens), n. [F.] 1. The being im-
pertinent; ab«ence of pertinence; unfitness. 2. Con-
duct or language unbecoming the person, the society,
or the circumstances. 3. Iliat which is impertinent;
a thing out of place, or of no value.
Im-par^-neilt, a. l. Not pertinent ; not pertaining
to the matter in hand ; irrelevant. 2. Contrary to rulas
of propriety or good breeding ; guilty of rude words m ac-
tions. 3. Trifling ; frivolous. — I&l-p«^aMU-ly , adv.
Syn. — iMPSRTiKUfT ; Omcious; Rt:x>b; intrusive;
saucy ; unmannerly ; meddlesome : disrespectful ; impu-
dent : insolent. — One is officious who obtrudes his offices
or assiatance where they are not needed : be is imperti-
nent when he intermeddles hi things with which he has
no concern. A person is rude when he vicdates the pro-
prieties of social life. 8e<^ Impudbhcb. and InoLBirr.
Im'per-tnrb'a-iae (•p2r-tarb'4-b'l), a. [L. imperlmr-
bahilis : pref. im- -\- nerttirbare to disturb.] Incspabla
of being disturbed or disconcerted. — lofptr-tluVA-Uyt
adv. — Im'per-tmli'A-Mll-ty, n.
Im-pefvl-aiM (-pSr'vT-lis), a. TL. imperrius; pref.
im- -\-per through -j- via way.] Kot pervious ; not ad-
mitting of entrance or passage through. — Im-ptrfl-
owhly, adr. — Im-'Der'Ti-<Nis-iie0s, n.
Syn. — Impassable ; pathless ; impeix^trmble.
ni-pet'ii-oiia (-p«"Q-ns; 40), a. [F. impHueux^ Lb
impetuosus. See Impktts.] 1. Rushing violently ; fo-
rious ; forcible. 2. Vehement in feeling ; hssty ; pas-
sionate. — Im-pefn-ons-ly, adv. — im-pefa-oos-BMS,
Im-Tjefn-wl-ty (-5/T-ty), n.
Syn. — Forcible ; rapid ; hasty ; precipitate ; furtous.
ft, 8, 1,6, a, long ; &, «, 1, 6, tt, j^, short ; senAte, fivent, Idea, dbey, Unite, oftre, Jlrm, lUk, |^1, flnaL
IMPETUS
285
IMPRACTICABLY
|(ttii'pl-tiSi), n. [L.] 1- Pwp*rty pobbbbmmS
TiXilftnlini body Id vinuu ol iU wolf ht uul lla uigtiuu ;
[al'plLjAa iJm'fB), 'j. Airican sug^ir cuiir,
tm - Si'*r ly L T ra-^Jt'I -t5 ) 1 1** ^L, i w*/rt f f ri#, f r. I m^* n^ i i n-
^<^u«.] 1, The b^iEig iiupiouA; want »( \miy ; irrvv-
4- ■OM^^er^ to ftx.l To 1411 a^iuit ; t<j ctuti ivitli.
BinUlIU (Im'^pT'ftt), a« [L. I'm^iiul,] Nut ^iuun ;
ImilgiJatu : unprtHUy ; w lining in T«Ti<reuoe lor th*^ 8u-
ilM bu tbe mJldt'f Knuf of ^f^it/^r.
bB-plft'oa-blo { -pli'fcik ti' I ), a . [ L, imptiieafyiiiji. ] Not
pU»bl«v — Im-plA'OA-lllT, OfJv. -^ Iiii-piU'i»'l9ll1-tr, n<
^n. 4, [nAmiiLft] liA'^lDg iiu pLac«DtL
II lai'pla-ottililla ('«««-t4'iT-*), Ti. JL-/. [NL] .4
jmouiy diT^AJou of the MLUuimUJitt {iiirluJinK tlii^ upyn'.-
teamcis uid mftrsjiplali, which hiYc nn ptDtcciita.
la-pUnt^ f-pliuC'), »'. r. To itUut, ot ItilU , for growtJi
U^ ^aculcAtv, — tm plUI-tAtlOfl^ n.
To J
To iiapeifb. ^
■CCtftnviLHJitatititt ITh L. inipirrt, -pifttim^ la I'orapleU' ;
fi1|lBf % ivqiililie to «ji ena-
Ql^fiiB (<pllk')i a. [Ix impfrrterr, -pirjum^ to iri-
fiold * pto f ► i wi- -|^ pifcicre to |il*i t ■ ] Intrl LUtt ; cqntpliM ,
nB'fil-datt {-pli-k£t), V. L [L. iffijjiierirt!, ^^$iitm, to
|nTf>lrr; pfyf* iW- + ptiCiWf to foiol] I- Ta foU tg^-
H^^i'T; to iiiterwf»iri}. 2. ToiuTolife ; tu coniiHct,
Da pU'O^'tlOn, n. 1. An Jinpllc«tingf or twins impU-
CAti^l. 2. An iDQplylD^; an iuf^rencf^.
tm-pUtfit (-Jtlili^t}* o, ^L. impJif'irr, -pfiuiii/m^ to
eatwhifl.] 1. T4i^It]y compriacHl ii fjiirly tc be unfile nitHj^ji.l,
ttiDu^h uol isxpreMeu ib word^* 2. Rr^tltiff till tbti an-
UtorLtv of ¬h^Tt nritbcut f-n^rvi^ i unque^iouiug. —
Im-pli^t-lT, 'J'Jr. ^ Im-pUolt QMS. n^
]M-pte«' t-pt3r'), r. A [L* itnjihnirf; fsviff. i>i- 4-
|>f0rTj:rff lo cr; 4JQrii<i.] To call up »n, dt for, In ^uj^pltcA-
-tai-ploriiiity, 'j/c
lloil ; to \xt[. — IlD'Plai'Br,
Sf 11. - To iupplicftti." ; b^E ; atljuz^. Sc^e Bjuxenff.
iKH-ply^ (- pU '), r . /. [ Fr. «AEa« aourcfl lu « ntpioy. ] ?«>
biTnlTfi by ffiir lufervDCpT whvD not axpreflseil in wi.>pIa.
P«jn> — To ij](?]iurlo ; InipLirt ; m^oD. 3eo Iin'ai.T'it
Im policy (pClT-j^ )t ^. tr}i(-tp*iili6nce { bati poliny.
Im pO-lJt&' f'pA-lit'h '»' N^Jt |Kilitrt ^ nficMI ; rude. ~
Iin'po^Ui»iy, 'N/t . — tm po-lltft'jiQw, »^
Hit payi'tiQ < 'p'tl'I-tTkj, fi. Not pftlitk ; contriLry to^
i>t w^uUn^ hh iffViry ; mivi'lM; Jji41sCT«<<t ; tiiexriedl>?int.
Im pOQ^ilAT a blO i-i)^ii' \Zr-&-hly, a, Xt)t [mmWAhlc ;
vlt^i'^Lit Ji*?n4bli: or lApiir^-i i i^N' wi^iffht; Locapabte f>[ bo-
tDff wi^iifhi*.]. — Im-pon dor a toll'i-tyt n*
lm'PWr'0ll5''SpQr^Q'' I. ". 1>'-1 itiito of pore*; Tury rrlow
or<^oiTipai't ; »ijiM. — IjBi'po-rw'l-ty (-iiA-rfl^T-ty), n,
ttD' porf ( Ini'jtSrt'k i'^ /. [ L. imffn^ttfr* to briniT in. to
ncui^ ; |>J>f. ut^-'m -i- p^r/^rrf to b^nr.] 1. To inlroduce
from wit ti out ; to britit; (inorcbaiuli^p) |tito a pliMM! from
B forrtifo rwmtry ; ^opp. to rr^ttitt. 2^ To hnply ; to
^rniiy. ^, To Ih* t>f tTEifiort'Lnr'f^ to i to roii*^i9ni-
ST*** — To dflnn^ ■ lo^^jin . Unply ; lnt?r««t ; (^onpem.
Im^pOTt CTicq'pSn h, n. 1. Mi'n/liniirUHH iui|i{irtfv| Into
a iToiintry Iroiii (lyrroxil ; - gf^nJ^tiiUy In /^.^ opp. itT ^rpnttf.
^^ Fufpcift \ Tnealilni; ; loteTprntAtlon ol m word, Ih^tiaii,
flTent, ctt'. 3- Iiop'iirt*!!*'^ 1 wdnht : eortJMf^MFui«-
IiO pOT'tftllM ('pfir^mi«]i, Ti. [F] TEji" tiehiEr iiopor-
lin-pOl-'t^Uit, '■^. [Fj Civrr^viac WHieht ; *iiniift<i*int,
Syti* - Wi'iK'bty ; momftntoua ; esHmtlBJ ; BPrloua.
(Ym'p«i'*tE'i)iaii), it, [r.] Li^ls^
poitiu^, or bringing Into a coiiuiry or iUfcte ; — opf^ to
ejcvoriutifm. 3^ Anything injportbd fpom Abroad.
Im-porfiir, n, Oun wLo nuporta ; — opp, to flpotitf.
Un.-ma'iu-BM.i^ ('i^r'tA-ultj, 0^ [^^ iMpqnTvnu]
Tronbh'iiocnrly utn^i^iit ; oTL^r]>reaKliig in dpiuBud^.^ ^ Ib|^
pDT^tu-nate-ty. aiU^ — tm-partaoft'^, it.
Im por tuao' [Tui'iiSr-tiiu')^ r. r [F. imporfurt^rt ft,
L, t<Jij'r>r/diiiJid Uard of 4C<^eaa.] To Ai^lii'lt uri^Qtitly ; tg
tea^e ; to woro. ~ Im pOT-ta'al-ty ^-tu'nl-tj)i n*
tm^poa^a^hia ^^itQ^^^Li'I t^ fi^ CiLpabie ol t>emg impoaed.
Im-paa«' {.-poi'L 1. t. [F. imft6*fr; pr*i* im- Ui +
rrrtOpUce.] 1. ToMtorpliuw^ to put ; to depoalt-
To l4y at a i!UarKe> buid^Ur tAi^ ducy> penalty, etc- i
to indict. 9. To lay on {tii9 luiadi) i^i tlie nligloui rltea
ot cooflrmAtlon imd aniin&tioD. 4^ To amuu^ (oolutuna
or p4gfa oi type, f omiAT etc. ) for prtutLnR. — r. i. To
jjrArth;*) trit:iiii or deception. ^Im-poi^ttt **■
Im-pOS'taf , pv, L Laying u a duty ; enjoining, ft.
Ad<i;t't*^d t<i luLpri^Aa fciToibiy ; impressive ; cotuiuii»dJu^.
3. Ddci-jviiif; nnileadiug. ^7ir T^i a imposing ty|H<, etc
I«p4aLu tboiUf the stone on vcUiclJ pflffen or qoluuma of
typL'saxiTUDiKiaed ar uiitde iuUt fOTfua,
Im'pO-il'tliM i^Tm^pt-jtHbi'^n), H. IT., It, L. impa-
ntio.} 1. An JinpoalDg, Liybig uu^ t^xitt^t eujoinluf , lu-
dlctluR^ obtruding, etc 2. Tt>4t wbich Ul[n|K»iei!, levied,
Of fiiiJoiniMl { cIi-UTKO ; tut. 3. Ail vicewjve or niUawfui
exActlon i a deception put ou otliHi^; fraud ; Impokture.
4k Tbo LayEiiff oii Iniudi a# a religioua ceti'mouy, In ordl^
nation, confLrrniUluu, «|c. 6- Tlw lint)o4fti« page« of tyne.
Sjn, -' Ufmii : fra^ud ; Im posture. B«« DBtttrtiojJ.
Im P0« Sl-mi'l-ty (^p&VBl-LJi^-tp), n, 1. Tiji! beiug
Umh>4^4b>lt^n iiuprju:ti^'4Lbnity. 3. An iinpo«albk tiling.
mpOS'ai-lJU t'nT-b'lK ^Jh [F.. fr. L. imp&trmiti*.}
N^t p^A4ibi<? ; ihcaj:iAble of ixnog don?, ol «xwtui^, etc. ;
Absurd or ini practicable. — ISl'P0tl'li-tU7i adv.
ftyti. — Sifv liir&AcTit^AKLis
ItQ'pott (Tin'pflst), w. [OF. 1 f r. L. imponerc, -poiitum,
to In^Khifi.] 1. That wblrh \n Io]Eh>iihI or lt<vied ; a to. ;
duty l^d ou goodi imported Into m. country. % Top
member ot & piliaT, pier, vrthU) etc., aupport-
tog th" 'TTHtji^ht of Eii; ^rchp
Syii* - TTihi]t<! - fXfJit^^ ; custom. ; duty j twtt
IzQ-poitlLU^niAtO ('pGst'hfi'mit), i'. L To
fonu loi in]|>g[<Umui« OT ubacetSr^tv /. To
ftffei:t with un u1i?u^i^a^^^a. ImpoatbumjJbed.
Impost hn-XEUl^tiaat n. 1, The forming U)
ab'tt^eiu] ; f^iu>ji<L]ra,tLOii, 3. An impctttbuine.
lia-WWt'ailllU ( ' bum \ n . [Coi-nip. of fijxit-
temf.] Collet^tlou of pua iu *n anlnml bfjdy ;
abAc^sfi. — > V. L & L To luipo<rtlnin]at«.
Un-pOi'tOf (-i!^^ri< n^ [h] OiiKwbolm'
pov's n|»on otherp^ — Im-pOBlDf-Olllp, n.
fJjii, r*';'i;eJvi:r ^ pTLitijn.lL'r; i:bi;Mit ; ro^uc. , ^ ^
Se-|sriivM;, Jr»i»*t, st
Lu-pOS^ttm (-ttir)f n. Conduct uf an impoi^toT.
H>'ii. - iJliH'Jit ; frauds trick: Imp^'^sftlon ; doliulon.
mi'po-tenire {Tni^ji^-f iui)t I t»* 1. Tb^ tm\nt( impfntrut ;
Im^pO-leil-Oy (-t>^n*y}, i f*«hl**npaa ; iTdbAcdlty,
3. W:int I't pmcrewtiT* power; »l*?rillly; hnJTrnnewu
IJEn'pO-tfliitt 'Th [Fh 5 h. iMpfttmr^^-mfit] X- Nnl p<*-
tflnt ; wjknting power, fetreiigtlu or vli^r ; trrblp : m<«k ;
tniirm. a. hv-kihg power to procreate i itetHe ; b&rreii,
— Im'po-tem-ly, fnti\
Im-potuiEl' (-poiiod'), r. /. To plsc« In ma InHotan
r^lli-il a p-tiihit ; tf* bobl Jn %h*^ purtixly rf a eoun.
Im-poT'er-llll (-pST^r-TMh^* r. ^. ' [OF. rmfmrrir;
pref. f^ii- {\^ itt) -j- jmvr* ^iTHfr. ] 1. Tf> iiiilHa fHHtf. 3,
Ti» t!]ib!iiint thefltr^n^^th r>f. - IlD-pOT^flr-tlll-numt, n.
Im-prac'tl-oa bl« ^priSk'tTliA-b'li, d. 1. Kot prmc-
tii^i]i>|r' ; inipott^ibie. 2. Ni't To be rontrtilleti hy any reii-
sonnblM ni4>thii~hr1 ; lnltl>'%nklttlt>'a^»]fl, 3. In^'jifvibpMif helnif
iiNF.i Of avrvii.d nr — im-tmCfic* bIfr-iiMi, Im-pi>s^-
tl-^Ji-bll*l-tT. *'. — lai-prmc'^I-cva blv, ^i-/*.
Kyii* lMPfitrTn:A.5iH6 ; Imim^^imit ; infniiitilifK — A
fSm, no0Bt, 6rb, nida, f ^^ ftra, food, f«n»t, out, oil, oliair, go, aiiiK, ink, then, ttfein*
IMPRECATE
286
IMPULSION
thioff !• impraeHeabU when It cui aot ba Moomplidied by
any uiuimn uumu* »t priMMut powMMMed ; impotidUU when
the Uwa o( luOure loruid it.
Im'prt-Ottlt (IiuVr^^t), V. t. [L. imprecari^ -catus ;
prel. <«- in, on -f precari to pniyj 1- To call down by
prayer (aomethhig hurtlul). 2. Tlo curae ; to awear at.
Im'pfiMMl'tlollt n. An imprecathig, or invoking evil.
Syn. — Curae ; execration. See Malsdictiom.
Im'pre-OA-tO-iy (-ki-t^-rV), a. BUledlctory.
Im-pnff'lUI-ttto (-priSg'uLb'l), a. [F. imprenable;
pre/, m- not -{-pretuUUe pregnable, fr. prendre to take,
L. prehendere.} Not to be taken by aaaault ; able to
realat attack ; unconquerable. — Zlll-|rM'aA-Uy , adv,
Im-prSf'lUI-lltot o. Capable of being impregnated.
Im-prec'liatO (-nSt), r. /. [LL. impraegnare^ -natum^
to Impregnate, f r. L. pref . im-in -f- praegnam pregnant.]
1. To make pr^nant ; to cause to conceive ; to get with
child or young. 2. To come into contact with (an ovum
or egg) ao as to cauae impregnation ; to fertilise ; to
fecundate. 3. To infuae an active principle into; to
nclple iut4
imbue.— a. Made prolific. — Im^pmc-
• - - Vr^*), It.
opera company.
Im'pre-Mltp'tl-llto (Tm'prl-«krTp/tT-b;i), a. [Pref.
tB^L'^n-rnkti-O (Sm'prt-aii'r$-0), n. [It., Ir. impreta
enterpnae.] Manager of an opera comn
im- not ■\- pretcriptible.'] L Not capable of being im-
paired or alienated. 2. Not derived from external au-
thority ; obvioua. — Illl^pi6-MrlpH-1)ly, adr.
Illl-pf6M' (Tm-priJa'), r. /. [L. imprimere, -prestum ;
pref. tm- in, on -j- premere to preaa.] 1. To press or
Srint aomething in or upon. 2. To imprint (a mark or
gure upon aomething). 3. To fix deeply in the mind.
4. To take (sailors, money, etc) for public service.
Im'TOMi (Tm'prfij), n. 1. An impressing or mark-
ing. 2. Mark made by pressure ; reisult produced bj
pressure or influence. 3. '^
levioe. 6. An hnpressiug for
bv
Sressure or umuence. 3. Characteristic ; stamp. 4. A
evioe. 6. An hnpreasiug for the public service.
Capable of beii^
impressed; sensitive. — Im-prMli-lllll-ty, n.
UB-prw'alOll (-prSsh'&n), n. [F. ; L. impressio."] 1.
An impressing, or being impressed ; communication of a
stamp, mold, style, or character, by external force or by
influence. 2. Tliat which is impressed; stamp; mark;
remilt of an influence exerted from without. 3. Influence
on the senses or Intellect ; interest ; concern. 4. Indis-
tinct notion or belief. 6. Iropresslveness ; emphasis of
delivery. 6. Pressure of type on paper, or result of such
pressure ; a sin(;le copy as the result of printing, or the
whole edition printed at a given time.
Im-prwi'llQll-a-Utt »• Susceptible ; impressible.
Im-piMNilT^ (-prfisTv), a. Making, or tending to
make, an impression ; touching the sensibilities or con-
science.—Im-imutve-ly, o^r.— Iiii-prMi'lTe-neM,n.
Im-pntS'BIMIt, n. A seixing for public use, or im-
presnlng into public service ; compulsion to serve.
II iBl'pfl-lliatlir (Tm'prT-mat&r), n. [L., let it be
printed.] A license to publish a book, paper, etc.
II Im-inrl'miS (Tm-prf mis), adv, [jL, for in primi*
chiefly ; in in -I- primun first.] In the m«t place.
Illl-pfillf (Tm-prTnt'), r. /. [F. empreint, p. p. of
empreindre^ L. imprim^re to imprint.] 1. To impress;
to indent ; to stamp. 2. To mark, as letters on paper,
by type, plates, stamps, etc 3. To fix indelibly, aa in
the mind or memory ; to impresa.
Im^prlnt (Tm'print), n. [F. empreinte.'] Whatever
is imprinted ; name of the printer or publisher on the tit le-
pafre of a book, or on a printed aheet. [fine. I
Im-pcls'on (-prTz'*n), r. /. To put in prison ; to con- 1
8yn. — To incarcerate ; confine ; immure.
Im-pris'Oill-lBtBt, n. An imprisoning, or being im-
prisoned ; confinement ; restraint.
Syn. — Incarceration * custody ; durance.
Im-WOVa-bUI-ty (-prSVi-bTIT-tj^), n. The being im-
probable ; unlikelihood ; also, that which is improbable.
lB'prOb'a-1ll0 (•pr9b'4-b'l), a. [L. improbabilit ; pref.
<m-iiot+pro6a5ai« probable.] Not probabk ; mlika^
to be true ; not to be expected. ^lm-pnltfmVtf% odv.
Im-prolll-tT (Tm-prOt/I-tj^), m. [L. improbUtu ; prtL
tm- -f probitat probity.] Lack of probity ; dishoneety.
Im-pramptn (Tm-promp'tfl), odr. or a, [F. ; fr. L.
in promptu in readiueas.] Offhand ; without prerioua
study ; extemporadeoua ; extempore. — n. Bon
made or done oflhand or without previous study.
Im-piOP'cr (-prOp^r), a, L Not proper ; not fitted to
the circumstances or end ; indecent. 2. Not according
to facU ; errooeoua. — Im-prop'er-ly, adv.
Im'piO-pil'O-ty (-pr^prfMj^), ft. 1. A being im-
proper; unsuitableneas. 2. Anything improper; inac-
curate language.
Im-prO¥'a-Dl« (-prSSv^A-bl), a. 1. Capable of being
improved. 2. Capable of beuag used to advantage ; prof-
itoble ; advautageoua. — Im-pror'A-Ue-aaM, n.
Im-prov*' (-pr5ov'), r. /. [Pref. in- in -j- prove^ in
approve. ] 1. To make better ; to increase the value of by
care. 2. To make productive ; to utiiixe. — r. L 1. To
grow better. 2. To increase ; to rise in value.
Syn. — To better ; ameliorate ; amend ; reform.
nt-prOTflBMItt n. 1. An improving ; advancement.
2. A making profitable use of anything ; practical apidi-
cation. 3. A being improved ; bettermoit ; that which
is improved. 4. Increase; growth; progress; advance.
Im-prOT'l-dMIt (-prSvT-dent), a. Not prorident ;
wanting foresight or forethought. — Im-^nnrl-dMloaT n,
Syn. — Incfiiisiderate ; negligent ; careless ; ihiftleM
I&l-prOTl-Mt6 (-sit), r. t.&i. To improvise.
iBI-DrOT^I-MtlOll (-Mk'shfin), n. 1. A compoeiiw and
rendering muaic, poetary, etc, extemporaneously. 2. An
impromptu. [vlsatore.j
||Illl'pfO-vl'IA-tO'lre(Sm'pri-tS^ci-tS'rt),n. Improv.|
II Im'pKO-vl^M-tll'oe (-trCchi), n. Improvvisatrice.
Im'pKO-TliM' (Tm^pr^-vis'), v. t. [F. improviser^ It
improwisare^ L. improvitu* ; pref. tw- not -}- pravitut
foreseen.] 1. To compose, recite, or sing extempora-
neously ; to extemporise. 2. To make on a sudden or
without preparation. 3. To invent on the spur of the mo-
ment.— V. i. To do anything offhand. — Im'piO-yli'er, n.
II im'piw-vl'ia-to'ra(«m'pr«v-v5's4^tyr»), n., |ilm'-
pror-TrM-trl'M (-tri'cht), n. /. [It.] One who com-
poses, sings, or recites extemporaneously.
Im-pnrdMWt (Tm-pru'dena), n. A being imprudent ;
want of caution ; indiscrotion ; an imprudent act.
Im-pm'dflllt, a. Not prudent — Im-vni'dMlt-ly, adv.
Syn. — Indiacreet ; ill-advised ; heedleaa ; rash.
IBI^-40BM (Tm'pfl-deus), n. [L. impudentia.'} The
being impudent ; assurance, with diaregard of tlie pres-
ence or opinions of others ; forwardness ; want of modesty.
Syn. — Impuokncb ; BmoNTSBT; Saucinbss; shame-
lessness ; audacity : insolence ; impertinence ; pertness ;
rudeness. — Impudence refers to the feeliugs aa mani-
fested in action. ^iTron/ery applies to some gross exhi-
Mtion of shamelessness. Sauctness refers to a sudden
pert outbreak of impudence. Impudence is unblushinc
impertinence. Effrontery shows a shameless diaregard
of decorum. Bee iMPsmimKT. and iKsoLsirr.
bB'pVl-daatt n. [L. impuden$y -entts ; pref. <m- not-f-
pndem modest] Bold, with contempt or disregard ol
othera; unblushincly forward. — Illl'pil-tftllt4y, odv.
Syn. — Shameless ; audadous : impertinent ; insolent
iBl-pmn' (-pun'), V. t. [F. impvgner^ fr. L. tmim-
gnare7\To attack by words or arguments ; to contnMliot ;
to mske Insiniuitions against ; to oppose.
Im'plllM (Tm'pfils), n. [L. imjmisus^ tt. impellere.
See IMPKL.] 1. An impelling, or driving onward with
sudden force ; impulsion. 2. Motion produced by a sud-
den force. 3. Action of a mechanical force during a very
small interral of time. 4. Sudden motive ; incitement
Syn.— Foroe; incentive; motive; instigation.
Ini-piil'Blon(-pGl^han). ti. [L.impnMo.l 1. An im-
pelling or being impelled ; impulse. 2. Influence acting
temporarily on the mind ; sudden motive.
I, i, I. », «, 1«ii 1 1, •, I, •, «, t, tbart I iMitH, itaat, tda% dbty, ^Blii, e4fa, lUm, A«k, iU, flaal.
IMPULSIVE
287
INCANTATION
Im-pBl'iftv* (Tm-pfU'sTy), a. 1. Giving an impuln ;
impellaat. 2. Actuated by impulae or tnuiaient feelings.
3. Acting momentarily, or by impulse ; not continuoua.
— Im-yu'iiTe-ly. adv. — im-FU'stre-aaM, n.
Im-^ni-ty (-pu'nl-tj^), n. (L. impuniiasy fr. impu-
nU without punishment ; pref. tm- not -}- poena puuuih-
ment.] Exemj^on from punishment, harm, or loss.
lak-smx¥ (-pur'), a, 1. Not pure ; dirty ; containing
something unclean or unwholesome ; adulterated. 2. De-
filed by sin or guilt; unholy. 3. Unchaste; lewd; obscene.
%. Not purifieid according to the ceremonial law of Moses ;
unclean. 6. Not accurate ; not idiomatic— Im-pvn'ly,
a</r. — Im-poro'llMS, Im-mill-ty (-pu'rT-tj^), n.
Im-pafA-ld* (•pufA-bU), a. [F.] That may be im-
poted ; chargeable ; referable. — Im-pofa-Ua-neSBf n.
Im'pU-Ul'WNl (Im^p(t-ti'sh&n), n. [F. ; L. imputatio
an account, chirge.] 1. An imputing or charging ; tiling
charged. 2. Charge of eril ; insinuation.
Im-parA-tlTt (-put'&-tTv), a. Transferred by Impu-
tetion. — la-mit'a-tlFs-ly, adv.
tm-vaW C-p5^)» *• t' [F. imputer, L. imputare to
charge, impute ; pref. im- in + puiare to reckon, think.]
1. To attribute ; to charge to one as author, originator,
or possessor. 2. To adjudge as one*s own (the sin or
righteousness) of another. — Im-pufer, n.
Syn. — To attribute ; charge ; reckon ; consider ; fan-
ply ; insinuate ; refer. Bee Ascubb.
lB(Iu),prep. [AS.:akintoL.tn,Or.«K.] Within ;in-
rfde of ; surrounded by; present; into; on; at; of ; among.
Syn. — Into; within; to: on; at. See At.
Ifl, adv. Not out ; withm ; inside. — n. 1. One who
is in ofBoe ; — opp. of out. 2. A reentrant angle.
iB'A-Mll-ty (In'4-MKI-ty), n. [Pref. in- not -|- abil-
iijf.] The bemg unable ; want of sufficient power.
Hjn. — Impotence ; incapacity ; incompetence ; weak-
ness : powerlessness ; incapjibility. See Disabilitt.
la'AO-oanl-ld* (-Sk-aS /T-b'l), a. N Jt accessible; not to
be reached, obtahied, or approached. — In'ao-oeM'i-ble-
BMS, In^afr-OMri-ltlll-ty, n. — In'ao-oaul-lily, adv.
In-at/oa-ra-ey (-Sk'ktt-r&-3]^), n. l. a being inaccu-
ritp ; want of eiact-jt^ai, 2. That wliieh is Innfjirpit ;
MUtik^r; il(?fsct , errrpr, [aa'DU-me-ly. tt'fv.l
ta-jio'cii FAlB (vfcO" <^ Nut jn?rtir.itc . mi tjur. -In-I
Bjm. — Ineisi,'?? ; iuL^orwi't; rrmiieou*; r^ulty.
iB-ia'tlajl {^-Ck'jiljuii)T PI. [Fret. iH' itot -f- <t<'iion.']
WanI of action ornetivHy ; i'lJcnma^ tent.
EMUQ'ttT* ('tl v )t fl- [ Pref. tn. not + fiHi py . ] 1. Not
metlt«; hairiug n» paver to movi^ : inert. 2. ^ut di»-
prM«i] tou^tiouor^'tTijrt : not |iL4Mstrlmj«; iiUe. -^In-ao'-
tlT*-l7t 'f'f*- — Ift^lO-tlVi-ty I'tfTf^-in* n.
Hyn. - Do LI ; a.lns£i*h i iJlu ; 4Dthf ul ; Ijuy, See I:riST.
Ill-aii^*-qait« (-4 J'^k w£c >. a. N Jt A^wtdnt* i in^uf-
qttita-nDsi. fa-ai'e-qu4-cy ( kwi ^ju h.
In td mls'Bl-ble (niIdM-li' l), '/. [Prel. in- not + ad-
flHj*F^j'<-. ] "S.'i ^profier to I jo aJiuiUr"! nr Tflri^iveii. —
In ad mi4'4l-blTt ^'^'''^ -In aamiaal bll'-l-ty. n.
tn ad Tert'«SS« ( t ertVTu)^ ^ j|. j K. iw^it-Frifju*:'^.'] 1.
In afl. 7«rt^iJi- tiy (^a- if ), f Tij*^ r^t'is i/ 1 na. i n r r . nt ;
iUiittiociti'.iM. 2 Effect of iu^tt^iitlon ; ovitriiii;]it, lu: t .tee.
JHjn, - ft('L-<Jle.uneui t t'arrl 'unueu ; unglkf^r-jn e ;
iOpttH }| L ] P-'tiii n .»*. St» 1 S ^Tf BJTT IMN,
Ill'ad'T0rt''01lt,. a^ Not tiiniin}! titf* miud t^a rnatier;
iwijjr itt ■ L[j itif ntivif. ^ In Ad-vert^enMy. tnir,
m al'iUQ-a-blO (-il'yfn-Ab'JK n. hiCA]H|bIt; of btfing
aliptutfti] oj irniijjfMrrffL - Ixi-allMl-a-blyt rf*Jp .
tn a'^or;i'ta i*t] i jm*, rji'T^vi, n. [it. i/^^uj^Ji^-rri/'a.
\ m>u 'i. I ! • . i . -liS ■rn-i-. ;,.■• ,-r.
dJi-amo-ra'iD 1,'ioj, /I. j.li. iMyij'.-.j'.j/ti.j a jjiJe,
la-aiM' (Tn-iu'), a. [L. in/mu.] Without contento;
empty ; void of senae or intelligence ; pointless ; useless.
In-Ull-mite (-Sna-mtn, a. Not animate : lifeless.
Syn. — Dead ; inert ; duU ; spiritless. See Lifblbss.
I]|'t-llitloa(-4-nTAh'Sn),n. [F. ; L. inanUio, fr. inanU
empty.] The being inane ; exhaustion from want of food.
bl-aill-ty (Tn-SnT-^), M. [L. inonOcu, fr. inanU.}
1. Inanition; emptiness. 2. Want of seriousneas; fri-
volity. 3. Inane thing or pursuit ; silly object.
la-ap^pU-M-llto (-Sp'plI-ki-bM), a. Not appUcaUe.—
In-Ap'pl^ca-litil-ty, n. — la-ap^pU-ea-Uy, adv.
Syn. — Unsuitable ; inapin-opriate ; irrelevant
la-ap'pll-oa'dOII, n. Waut of appUcation or diligence.
la'ap-pn'oi-A-llIt (-prS'shT-4-b'i), a. Not appreciable ;
too small to be perceived or duly estimated.
la'ap-pro'pn-ate (-prS'prT-ftt), a. Not pertaining (to) ;
nnbecomlnff ; unsuitable. — la^a^pro'pn-at^-ly, adr.
la-apf (-<pf), a. Unapt; unsniUble ; inept. — in-
aptay, adv. — la-apt'nflw, la-aptl-tiitfa, n.
In-aroll' (-lirch'), v. t. To graft by
uniting (a scion) to a stock, without sep*
aratinff either from its root before the
union is complete. — la-aiOllflllC, n.
la'ar-tlo^-Ute (-iir-tlk'tt-lit), a. [L.
inarticuUUtu ; pref. in- not -f* articula-
ttu articulate.] 1. Not uttered with ar-
ticulation or intelligible distinctness, as
speech or words. 2. Not jointed or artic-
ulated; having no distinct body segments.
- bi'ar-tk/a-Iata-ly, adv. — In'ar-tlo'-
n-lata-iUM, la'ar-Uo^u-la'tioii, n.
Ill-artl-fFolal(-ar/tT-nsh'al),a. Not'
artificial ; not made or elaborated by art ; InarehinK.
natural ; simple ; artless.
Ilfas-maok' (Tn^fa-mfiohO* od^' [In-\-<u-{- much.']
In like denee ; in like manner ; seeing that ; since.
Syn.— Because ; since ; for ; as. See Bbcausb.
la^at-tmOIOII (-St-tfiu'sliQu), n. Want of attention.
Syn.>-IifATTBirrioM; Ihaovbbtbmcb ; heedlessness;
negligence : carelessness ; disregard ; thoughtlessness ;
neglect. — We miss seeing a tiling through ifMuftrr/ence
when we do not happen to look at it ; through inattention
when we give no heed to it, though directlybefore us.
la^At-tan'ttra, a. Not attentive ; not fixing the mind
on an object ; negligent. — Ia^at-tMl'tlV0-Iy, adv.
Syn. — Careless: heedless; negligent; remiss.
bl-an'dl-lda (-}|MT-b'l), a. Not audible ; incapable of
being heard. — In-ail'dl-Dly, adv.
In-an'KU-nl (-gtt-rah, a. Pert, to, or pronounced at,
an inauguration. — n. An inaugural address. [U. S.]
In-an'KU-rate (-rftt), a. [L.inaugur(nrei-atum; pref.
in- in -f- augnrari to augur.] Invested with office ; in-
augurated. — r. /. L To induct into an office ; to instalL
2. To cause to begin ; to set in motion ; to initiate.
la-an'KU-ratloll (-ra'shttn), n. L An inaugurating.
2. Formal initiation of any movement, course of action,
etc. — la-an'cn-ra-to-iy (-r4-t*-ry), a.
laftaiM-vi'aaQB (-fts-pIsh'Gs), a. Not auspicious; ill-
omened ; unfavorable. — In'ailS-pl'OlOIUhly, adv.
InOM^inC (Tna>8^Tng), n. Inherent existence.
Jnlnm' (-bdm'}, a. Bom in ; implanted by nature.
Syn. — Innate ; inherent ; naturaL
In-lmatlW (-br8tfa')f «• '• To infuse by breathing ; to
inspire.
InOmd' (Tn^rSdOf a. Bred within ; innate.
In-toMd' (Tn-brSdO, v. t. 1. To generate within. 2.
To breed in and in. [ish conquest. I
la'oa (YnHci), n. A monarch of Peru before the Span- 1
la-Oliaa' (Tn-kiJOf r. t. To confine in a cage ; to coop
up. [Written also encage.']
In-oal'oa-Ia-Ua (-kd>kft-lA-bM), a* Not calcuUble ;
beyond calcuhtion ; very great.
In'oa-lM'OOIIt (-k&-ies'M'nt), a. [L. inealeteens, -entii^
p. pr. of incalescere to grow hot.] Growing warm ; in-
creasing in heat.— Itt'oa-lM'oaiioe, In'oa-lM'ooii-oy, n.
In'oan-tfaS'OOnt (•kSn-dSs's^nt), a. [L. incande*cen»,
-entii^ p. pr. of inenndescere to beeome hot ; pref. in- in
-h cnndescere to become red hot.] White with intense
heat ; clear ; brilliant. — Ill'oail-ites'ceiloe, n.
In'oan-tatloa (-tSMiHiO, n. [L. inenntatio, f r. incan-
tare. See Emchamt.] 1. The using formulas sung or
fCm, recent, 6rb, ryde. f yll, tim, food, fo'ot, oat, oil, oliair, co, sing, ink, then, thin.
INCANTATORY
288
INCLINED
■poken, to effect mafficalresulta. 2. A f onnala so uaed.
— iB-oaafart^HT (Tt><Jdtnt'4-td>rj^), a,
Ia-4Mi'Ml-1d« (-KS'pi.b'l), a. [Pn^f. <n- not + eopoftfe.]
1. WAutiu^ la ability or qutaiflc«Uoii;deficieiit. 2. Not
[ludifledordiA-
■impleton.
capable of being brought to do (something wrong, dishon-
est, etc A 3. Mot able to admit. 4. Uuqualifle '
quaUfleOylnaleffalsense.— n. Animbetme;
— IlrM^pft-Hai-ty, n. — iBHW'Ml-llly, adv.
Syn. — Unable ; inadequate. Bee Imoompitbvt.
iB'OA-MOl-tate (-k&-p«sa.tSt), r. /. (.Frei. itt- not +
capaeiUUt,] To deprive o( capacity ; to render incapable
or unlit ; to disqualify. — la'M-poo'i-ta'tlOB, n.
In'oa-paol-ty, n. 1. Want of capacity; inability. %.
W.uit of lesal competency to do something.
Syn. — Juicompetency ; unfltness ; disgnaHflcation.
In-oaz'oer-ate (-kar'«8r-at), r. /. [Pref. ii»- in -f L.
cof-eer priscMi.] 1. To imprison. 2. To confine; to shut
up or hem in. — a. Imprisoned. — Ill-OMY(Mr-A'UiOllt n.
iB-oai'lUrte (-nit), a. [L. inoamare. -natumj to in-
carnate, pref . ifi- in -f- caro^ camis, fle8h.1 Invested with
flesh; having a human body.— r.<. To clothe with flesh;
to invest (spirits, ideals, etc.) with human form or nature.
bl'oar-llA'tlOll, m. l. A dothhig with flesh, or being
so clothed; a taking a human body and nature. 2. Union
of the second person of the Godhead with manhood in
Clurist. 3. An inoamate form ; manifestation. 4. Proc-
ess of healing wounds with new flesh ; granulation.
IB-OIM' C-MM^'h V. t. [F. encaistpr; pref. en- (L. <n)
•f- eaisse caee. J To inclose hi a case or something scdid.
In-oan^dOIW (-ka'«hflU), a. Not cantions ; oaraleis.—
la-oan'tloukly, ade. — la-oan'tlotti-iiMs, n.
Hjn,— Unwary ; indiscreet ; inconsiderate ; imprudent.
iB'M-Tl^tkMl (-ki-va'dhflu), n. [L. tn. in -j- cavare to
hollow out, fr. eaviu hollow, j A making hollow ; also, a
hollow; excavation; depression.
iB-Mlfdl-A-rT (-sgu'dT-t-ry), n. [L. incendiaritu.^
1. One who maliciously seta tu-d to property. 2. One who
excites factions or sedition ; an agitator. — a. 1. Per-
taining to hicendlarlsm. 2. Tending to excite or inflame
factions or Quarrels ; inflammatory; seditious.
lDriimmViXuraut/),v,(. [L.itteendere.-ceiuum,'] To
inflame with anger ; to enkindle ; to fire ; to maddm.
8yn. — To enrage ; provoke ; anger ; irritate ; histigate.
IB'OMIM (Tn' 8ns), n. [F. eneats^ L. inoeiUHnt^ fr. in-
cendtre.1 I. Perfume exhaled from spices and gums
when burned in celebrating religious rites. 2. Materials
burned for perfume. —v. t. To perfume with incense.
Ut-maftt99 (-sSn'tTv), a. [L. incentivus, fr. incinere
to set Uie tune ; pref. m- -|- canere to sing.l Inciting ;
touring to action. — n. That which moves the mind.
8yn« — Motive; spur; stimulus; inducement.
1n-C99^tUm (-sSp'sh&n), m. [L. ineeptic, fr. ineipere
to begin.] fieffinmng; commencement; initiation.
la^P'tlTe (-tlv), a. B-iginning ; expressing or hidi-
cating beginning ; — called also imehoaHve.'^n, An in-
ceptive word, phrase, or clause.
In-oer^-tato (• ^r^tT-tud ), n. [LL. incertitudo, fr. L.
incertiu uncertain. ] Uncertainty ; doubtfulness ; doubt.
bl-oas'UBt (-sSs'sant), a, [L. ittcettanM, -anti*; pref.
in- not -f~ cesmre to cense.] Continuing without inter-
ruption. — bi-oas'Muit-ly. adv, — In-oas'saa-cy, n.
Syn. — Unceasing ; oonitinnal ; constant ; perpetuaL
IlfoeBt (Tn'sSst), n. [L. incestum nnchastlty, incest,
fr. ineetiu* unchaste ; pref. in- -f- castut ohaste.1 Crime
of cohabitation between persons within prohibited de-
grees of kindred. — IllHMStll-OIUI (•eSytft-fls ; 40), a.
Inoh (Tnch), n. [AS. yncCf L. uncia twelfth part, inch,
ounce." * .- .. ^ --
mnce.! A measure of length, l-12th of a footT
Ill'OB»«te (Tnntft-tt), o. [L. incohore, -A/r/Mm, to
beffin.] Recently begun ; banning ; incipient ; par-
tlslly but not fully in existrace or operation.
Ill'OhO-filkMI, n. A beirinning ; inception.
lB-«ll0^a-thre (•kS'i-tIv). a. Exprearing or pertaining
to a beginning. — n. An inchoative verb. See Ihcbptitb.
fil'0l-d«BMan'sT-d«u)t*t- [F.] Thedireotloniawliteh
a body, or a ray of light or heat, falls on any surface.
IlfGl-daBt, tf. [L. ineiUetu, -^n/it, p. pr. of ineiderm
to fall into or upon ; pref. <i»- In, on -f cadere to faU.]
1. Falling or striking upon, as a ray of light upon a re-
flecting surface. 2. Coming accidentally; not in tha
usual oourseof things ; oasuu ; fortuitous. 3. Liable to
h.ipp«i ; apt to occur, —n. 1. That which faUs out or
takes place ; event ; occurrence. 2. A subordinate event.
Sy n . — Circumstance ; chance ; caaualty. See Bybwt.
la'Ol-dMl'tal (-dfoOol), a. Happenhig, as an ooca-
sional event, without regularity ; not of T.rime conoem ;
subordinate. — n. An incident. — iB-d-^catal-ly. adr,
Syn. — Casual ; fortuitous ; contingent ; chance ; ac-
cessory ; coUateraL See Aocidbmtau
Ia-«la'or-«t6 (-sTn'Sr^kt), v. t, [LU imeinerare^
•aium, to incinerate ; L. pref. tn- in -{- cimi$t cimerit,
ashes.] To bum to ashea. — In-dnfn-^ftkm^ n,
In-opl-MIt (-6Tpnr-«nt), o. [L. ineipieM, ^ pr. of
ineipere to begin.] Beginning to be ; initial. — Iii-«iyl-
•nt-iy. adv. — Ia^«tpl^iict, In-dpl-aB-ey, «.
la-clM' (-rii'), V. t, [L. inridere, •cwwiw, to indse ;
pref. tn- -|- caedere to out.] 1. To cut in w into ; to
carve ; to engrave. 2. To cut, gash, or wound ; to cut off.
In-dMa' (-eizda a. 1. Cut in i carved ; engravad.
2. Having deep and sharp notches, as a <
leaf or a petal.
m-fifldoil (-sTzhOln), n. \JL.ineirio.
SeelHciBB.] 1. An incising, or cutting
into a sub&tanoe. 2. A cut ; gash.
&l-«rilT« (-ai'sTv), a. 1. Cutting;
rietrating; sharp; sarcastic; biting.
Pertaining to the incisors ; incisor.
iB-Cl'MT (-sI'iSr), fi. [Nli.] One of
the teeth in front of the canines in
either law; an hidsive tooth. —o. Ind^d Leal
Ad •pted for cutting: faiciaive. — &|-€i'80-iy (-s6-i7)« a,
I]|-ets'im(-6Tzh^r),f». [L. incwttm.] A cut; gash.
la-Gtt'ant (-utont), n. inciting cauce ; atimnlaut.
bl'd-tatlon (-sT-ta'shlin), n. 1. An inciting or mor-
ing to action. 2. Incitement ; motive ; incentive.
In-Ott«' (-sit'), V. t. [L. iHcitare; pref. in- -f citan
to rouse.] To uige on. — In-dt'er (-sifir), n.
Syn.— Stimulate ; Instigate ; spur ; goad ; more ; nxgt ;
rontie ; encourage ; prompt ; animate See Exerts.
In-Cite'llieilt, n. 1. An inciting. 2. That which mores.
Syn. — Motive; incentive; spur; stimnltts; impulse.
la'd-Tfll-ty (WsT-vin-tj^), ». 1. The being undvfl ;
rudeness. 2. Act of ill breeding.
Syn. — Impoliteness ; disrespMt ; disooorfeeay.
la-Oltni'Ml-cy (•klim'en-sj^ ), n. 1. Tlie being inclem-
ent; unmerdf ulnese ; severity. 2. Physical hi "
(conummly in respect to weather) ; stormineaa.
Syn. — Harshness ; severity ; ngor : roughneaa.
la-Oltm'aitt (-klSn^'mt), a. l. Not clement ; unn
ful ; severe ; harsh. 2. Rough ; boiaterooa ; stormy, ete.
In-oUn'A-lllt (-klIn'M>n), a. lU inelinaWU. CieeLi-
CUNB.] 1. Leaning; tending. 2. Diapoaed.
la'dl-lUtlon (-MT-nS'shfin), n. [L. indimatio.^ 1.
An inclining, or being incUned ; a leaning. 2. Dirertion
from the true vertical or horixontal direction. 3. Tend-
ency towards another body or point. 4. Anfflemadeby
two lines or planes. 6. Leaning of the mJnd or will ;
disposition more favorable to one thing than to another.
Syn. — Tendency ; bias; procMvity; vropenslty; de-
aire ; alfection ; k»ve. See Bbkt, and cf. Dnposmov.
IlHdllM' (-klSn'), r. i. [L. inclinare ; pref. in- -f- tiinnrt
to bend, inclhie.] 1. To deviate from a line, direction,
or course, toward an object : to lean ; to tend. 2. To l>e
' 3. To b«w; to incline the head.— »./. 1. To
give aleaning, bend, or slope to. 2. To turn ; to influence.
3. To bend; to cause to stoop or bow. — A. Anindined
pUne ; ascent or descent ; slope.
Syn. — To leui : slope ; slant ; tend ; bend.
In-CtllMd' (-klindO, p. p. & a. 1. Having a leaning
fi, 8, 1, iS II, long i &,«, I, ft, O, j^, abort ; ienftto, tTont, tdea, 6bey, finite, oAre, lUm, Ask, «I1, filial
INCLINED PLANE
289
INCONSISTENTLY
towards, or away from, » thing; disposed. S. Makiiig
an angle with a<»ne line or plane.
Tirmtil plane, (a) A plane
that makes an oblique angle
with the plane of tlie horison ;
a sloping plane. Wlien used
to produce pressure, or as a
means of moTing bodies, it b ^.
one of the mechankal pow- ^/^ ludined PUne. DB
en. (6) An inclmed portion Height. AB Biws.
of track on a railroad or canal
for raising or lowering trains or boats from one lerel to
another.
In-0l01»^ (Yn-klS»0, V. t. [See BircLoss.] 1. To sur-
round; to include; to shut up; to encomnass. 8.Toput
within a case, enrelope, etc ; to fold (a thing) within
another or into the same parceL — Ill-0UMi'«r, n.
iB-OlO'klirt (-kU/shttr; 40), n. [Written also encfo-
nf re.1 1. An inclosing or bemg inclosed ; separation of
land from common ground by a fence. 2. That which is
inclosed ; a thing contained. 3. A barrier or fence.
In-olllito' (-klud'), V, L [L. includere^ -clutum ; pref .
iM- -f daudert to shut.] 1. To confine within ; to hold ;
to ehnt up ; to inclose. %. To comprehend or comprise.
Syn. — To contafai ; comprise ; embrace ; inrolve.
iB-olS'felOll (-klu'xh&n), n. An including or being in-
dnded; limitation; restriction.
lB-tflll'fetV« (-sTv), a. 1. Inclosing; surrounding. 2.
Comprehending the stated limit or extremes ; ~ opp. to
txtiruivt, — Il|.cl]|'st¥»-ly, adv,
iB'OOf' (Tn-kBg'), a<fv. Incognito. iCoUoq.1
IlMOnl-tO (-kte^uT-t^), a. or adv. [It. incognilo^
maso., To, fern., L. incognitut unknown ; pref. in- not +
eognMcere^ -nitum^ to know.] Without being known ; hi
disguise ; in an aiwmiftd character, or under an assumed
title.— n. 1. One unknown or in diiguLie, or under an
aammed character or name. 2. Assumption of disguise.
In IKihM'WIII (•k^hSr'ent), a. 1. Not coherent ; want-
ing cohesion ; loose ; unconnected. 2. Wanting coherence
or sgreement ; faicongmous. — In'OO-lMT^Mlt-ly, adv. —
iB^oo-hor'tiioo, In'oo-lMr'Mi-Qj, n.
iB'OOai-lNU^Ut (-k5m-b&ytT-b*l), a. Not combus-
tible; uninflammable. — IlfOOIIl-lNUlt-ld^-aaM, Ilf-
oom-MHrtl-Ull-ty, n.
In'OOOM (Tn^&m), n. Gain from labor, business, prop*
erty, or ospital of any kind ; reTenue ; receipts ; stdary.
Syn. — uaUi ; profit ; revenue ; receipts ; produce.
In'OOmillff, a. 1. Coming in ; accruing. 2. Follow-
fng, as occupant or possessor. — n. A coming in ; arriraL
iB'OOni-lllMl'ra-ra-ld* (-kSm-mSn'ahy-ri-bU), a. Not
commensurable; baring no common measure or standard
of comparison. — Ul'OOIII-mMI^SII-ra-llll'i-ty, n.
IlK00ai-]|im'ra-nit6 (-rit), a. 1. Not commensurate ;
incommensurable. 2. Mot of equal or sufScient measure.
8yn. — Inadequate ; Insufficient ; disproportionate.
(-mSd'), V. i. [F. incommoder^ L. in-
eomtnodare; pref. in- not -^ eommodu* convenieut.] To
give inoonTenfence to ' '
Syn. ~ To annoy;
; to discommode ; to put out.
; disturb ; disquiet ; vex ; plague.
I (-mydT-fis), a. Not commodious ;
iDcouTenient ; annoying. — In'ooai-aiO'dl-ailS-ly , adv.
Ill CUM mXk'nX it 111 l (-mn'nT-k&-bM), a. Not com-
mnnicaUe ; incapaUe of being shired, told, or imparted,
to others. — Iii'OQBl-mil'Bl-M-Ue-iMM, Iii'OQBl-mii'-
M-M-bill-ty, n. — iB'OQBI-mil'lll-M-llly, adv.
bt'OOm-ani'ttUMI-ttT* (-ki-tTv), a. Not oommunioa-
tire; reserved; exclusive.
" \ (-kOm'pi-riUb*!), a. Not oompara-
no oomparison ^
; matchless ; pec
proaohablye
liting of no oomparison with others ; nnap-
y emment ; matchless ; peerless ; transcendent.
—b-ooorpft-im-lito-iioas, n. — Di-oan'va-n-Uyt odv.
iB'OOm-pM'alOll-Ate (-pSshnin-tt), a. Not
ikmate; void of pity; remorseless. — Itt'oom-]
at«-ly, adv. — Iifooiii-pM'iteB-ttA-lMas, n.
iB'OQBl-pat^ttle (-plta-b*l), o. Not compatible;
irreeoncDably disagreeing.— In'OOIIl-Mt^-bto'aaM (Tn^-
k»m-pita.b1-n«s), In^oom-pftri-MlVty, n.-bi'oom-
ptH-bly, adv.
Syn. — Incongruous; Irrecondlsble ; discordant; re-
pugnant ; contradictory. Bee IifooirsisTKirr.
In-oail'^teBOe (-kom^p^-t^ns), l n. The being in-
bl-oan'^tMl-ey (-t«nwBJ^), \ competent; want
of abili^ : inadequacy ; disguallficaticm.
Syn. — Inability ; insafficiency ; unfitness.
In-oanfpe-tMlt (-tent), a. l. Not competent ; wanting
in adequate strength, power, capacity, means, qualifica-
tions, etc. 2. Not lying within one^s capacity or author-
ized power ; not permissible. — la-OOm'pd-tMlt-ly, adv.
Syn. — iNOOMraTEirr ; Ihcapablb ; unable ; inadequate ;
Insufilcient; inefficient: disqualified; unfit; improper.
— Incompetent is a relative term, denoting a want of the
requisite qualifications for performing a given act. serv-
ice, etc. ; mcapable is absolute In its meaning, denoting
want of power, either natural or moral.
In'OOm-plit*' (Tn'kSm-piet'), a. Not complete ; not
finished ; Imperfect ; defective. — In'oom-plew'ly, adv.
pulA'iieas, In'oom-pto'doii (-pis'shan), n.
pn-hlUk'wi-Ub (-kSm/prt-hSn'sT-bM), a. [L.
incomprefieMibUU.} 1. Not capable of being contained
within limits. 2. Not capable of being comprehended or
understood ; inconceivable. — Ill-oail'pmien'll-ltlll-
ty, n. — &|.«0lll'piO-lMll'll-1lly, adr.
larHm^VtO-hm'wtW (-slv), a. Not comprehensive ;
not capable of including or of understanding ; limited.
iB'OOm-pnMKl-Ill* (-prSsT-bU), a. Not compressible ;
Inoi^iable of being presMd Into smaller compass. — la'-
oom-prtMl-MI^ty. n.
iB'OOIHMtT'a-lllt (-k8n-s2v'4-b'l), a. Not conceivable ;
incomprehensible. — In'con-Otiv'a-llly, adv.
In'OOB-dn'gly* (-klu'slv), a. Not conclusive; not
settling a point in debate, or a doubtful question. — Ib'-
ooiHtUi'nTe-ly, adv. —ta'ofUHOn'altw-nmM, n.
&l-€Qll'gni-«IIM (-kSo'gry-ens), n. Incongruity. —
&l-OQIl'gni-01lt, a.
bl'COll-gnilrty (In^5n-grn'T-ty or TnOtBn-), n. 1. In-
consistency ; Impropriety. 2. That which islncongruous.
iB-OOIl'gnHnUi (-kSn'gru-fiB), a. [L. incongruu*.
See In- not, and Coiwauous.] Not congruous ; recipro-
cally disagreeing ; improper. — Ia-0Qll'gni-01l»-ly, adr.
Syn. — Unsuitable ; inharmonious ; absurd ; inappro-
prii^ ; unfit ; improper. See iNCONsisTBirr.
IlHMO'M-4lMllt (-kOn's^-kwSnt), a. [L. ineontequfn*.
See In-, not, and Consbqdskt.] Not following from the
premises ; of no consequence. — In-OOIl'se^llMlOO, n.
In-OOn'se^lMlltlAl (-kwSn'shal), a. Not regularly
following from the premises ; irrelevant ; unimportant.
Ill'COn-flld'or-A-m (-sTd'er-4-b'I), a. Not considera-
ble ; unworthy of consideration ; small ; trivinl. — In'-
oom-flld'er-A-Dls-iieas, n. — &i'con-«ld'or-«-ttly, adv.
In^OOB-ild'or-Ate (-tt), a. Not considerate ; not re-
garding rights of others ; hasty ; careless. — In'OOll-tld'-
er-at»-ly, adv. — In'oon-iid'er-At^-iMM, n.
Syn.— Thoughtless; injudicious; rash; hasty.
la'OOm-Sld'er-Atlon, n. Want of due consideration.
In'oon-slst'Mi-cy (•8T8't«n-f>3^),Iii'o(ni-sl8t'Mioo (-sTs'-
tens), n. 1. A being inconsistent ; discordance ; such
contrariety between two things that both can not exist or
be true together ; incompatibilitv. 2. Absurdity In ar-
gument or narration ; that which is inconsistent. 3.
Want of stability or uniformity ; variableness.
la'OOn-StSt'MIt, a. 1. Not consistent; at variance;
incompatible; contradictory. 2. Not exhibiting unl-
formltv of sentiment, steadiness to principle, etc. ; fickle.
— IlfOOlil-alSt'aitt-lT. adv.
Syn.— Ikoowbistbiit; iKcoNOBirors : Incomfatiblb;
Irreconcilable ; discordant ; repugnant : contnulictory. —
Things are incongniotu when they are not suited to each
other, so that their union is unbecoming ; inconsistent
when they are opposed to each other, so as to render it
improper or wrong; incompatihfe when they can not
coexiK, and it is therefore impossible to unite them.
fSm, recent, 6rl», r^}d6, f^fdl, lira, ftfbd, ftfbt, out, oil, diair, go, sing. Ink, then, thin.
19
INCONSOLABLE
290
INCUMBRANCE
diaooiuolmke. — Iifoon-flOl'A-toly, adv.
In-OOa'SO-IIABt (-kSo'a^iMmt). o. Not
dlMordant. — blHMn'lO-llABOe, m-OOII'L
In'OOm-nlo'll-OlUl (•n>Yk'tt-tU), a. Not oonapicuoiM
ot noticeable. — ^^000 <jlo*H DOB It, tuiv.
IlHMIl'Stailt (•kSn'ataiit), a. Not coiutant ; not stable
or uniform. —In-OOB'StaBt-iy, adv. — Iil-MOlrtMH17t n.
Syn. — Mutable; fickle; Tolatlle; unateadT; unsta-
ble ; chanseabie ; rariable ; warerlng ; fluctuating.
III'OOII-tMt'A-ldA (-t«sf&-b*l), a. Not contestable;
that cannot be called in question or cootrorerted. — In'-
OOO-tMf A-Uy* adv.
Srn. — IncontrorertiUe ; indisputable; irrefragaUe;
undeniable; unquestionable; indubitable: certain.
Ill-Mlltl-llMit (-kSu'tT-nait), a, L Not continent ;
not reitoUning the passions or appetites ; lewd. 2. Un-
able to restnun natural evacuations. — n. One who is
unchaste. — b-OOB^IIMIM, In-MOtl-IIMI-ey, n.
Ill-€Olltl-ll€ltt-ly « (u/f. 1. In an incontinent manner ;
without restraiut. 2. Immediately ; at onoe. ^Archaic]
IlH)OO'tro-¥«r^-1ll0 (-trft-TSrtl-b*l), a. Not contro-
rertible ; too clear to admit o( dispute ; indisputable. —
&i-ooif tro-TMr^-Uyt adv.
I]|'O0ill-T«llt«llOt (-vSn'ytfns), n. 1. The being inoon-
Tenient; unfitness; awkwardness. 2. That which gires
trouble or uneasiness, disturbs quiet, or obstructs •
—V. /. To put to inconvenience ; to incommode.
Syn. — Inoommodiousness : awkwardness; dissdran-
tage; disquiet; uneasiness; distorbanoe; annoyance.
iB'OOII-TMt'toll-CT (-yen-s]^), n. Inconvenienoe.
InfOtmrynnftUkt (-yent), a. [L. inamvenieiu unbefit-
tiuff. 1 1. Not becoming or suitable ; unfit ; inexpedient.
2. Not conrenient ; giving trouble or annorance ; hinder-
ing progress or success. — In'OOB-TOn'lUn-ty. adv.
Syn. — Unsuitable ; awkwurd ; unsesaonsBle ; incom-
modious ; troublesome ; embarrassing ; objectionable.
Ill'OCni-VMtl-llIe (-vSrtT-b*!), a. Not convertible ;
not capable of being changed into something else. — Ib-
.... See
In- not, and CoBfORAm] 1. Not consisthag of matter ;
not having a material body ; incorporeal ; splritnaL 2.
Not incorporated ; not existing as a corporation.
nHMir'po-nit6» a. [L. incarporaret -atum ; pref. in-
in + corporare to make intoa bodv.] Corporate ; united
in one body ; embodied. —r. /. 1. To form into a body ;
to combine (different ingredients^ into one consistent
mass. 2. To unite with a material body ; to embody.
3. To unite with a mass already formed. 4. To blend.
6. T^ form into a legal body, or body politic ; to consti-
tute into a corporation. — v. i. To unite in one body.
iD-OCVpO^Atloll, n. L An incorporating, or being
incorpoTMed. 2. Union of different tngredlenta-in one
mass ; combination. 3. Union of something with a body
already existing ; assimilation. 4. (a) The creating a
corporation, (b) A body incorporated ; corporation.
iB-Mrrpo-ra'tor, n. One of those who get a company
incorporated ; original member of a corporatimi.
lB'OOr-pO't*-«l (Tn'kSr-pS'rt-al), a. "L Not corporeal •
immaterial. 2. Existing only in contemplation of law ,
not being an object of sense ; intangible; — opp. to ear-
poreaL—la'OOt-VO^n^-ly^ adv.
Syn. — Immnterial ; nnsubstuitial ; bodiless ; spirituaL
In-OOr'po-re^-ty (-kSr^p^ryr-ty), n. The being in-
corporeal; immateriality.
la'oor-reot' (-kOr-rSktOt «• 1. Not correct; faulty. 2.
Not in accordance with the truth ; inaccurate ; not exact.
3. Not accordant with duty or morality ; improper. —
iB'oor-reotly, ffdv. — in'oor-raotlMw, n.
Syn. — Inaccurate ; erroneous ; wrong ; faulty.
&l-00rfrl-gl-1d« (-kOr^rT-JT-bn), a. Not corrigible ; bad
beyond correction ; irreclaimable. — n. One who is in-
corrigible ; a hardened criminal.— In-OOrfrl-gl-bl^-IUM,
In-ooMl-gl-Wl-ty, n. — iB-oorM-fl-Uy, adv.
i-mas, bi'oon-TMfMtlll-ty, n.
In-OOK'pO-nilt (-kdr'p^^-rtt), a. [L. inearporatus.
In'OOr-ffOpr (Tu'kSr-rliptOt a. 1. Not affected with
corruption or decay ; onimpured. 2. Not defiled or de-
praved ; pure t above influence of bribes ; upright.
IlfOOr-rapri-bltC-rilp^tT-bMXa. 1. Not cormptibla ;
inciH)able of corruption, decay, or dissolution. 2. Inca-
pable of being bribed or oomqited ; inflexibly just. —!)■'•
oor-rapM-Ua-iUM, Ili'oor-nipH-Mll-ty, n.
la'OOr-nw'ttOB (-rfip^shiin), «. The being faicomip4
or hioorruptible : exemptioD from corruption.
IlMBTWlt* (-kris^ait), V. <. & t. IL. incra*$ar«,-sa'
turn ; pref. <i»- in -f eratnu thick.] To thicken.
In-cnWMt* (-sit), lo. Lllade thick or thicker;
lB-oria'MI-M(-si-t8d),f thickened ; insptsMtod. 2.
Swelled out on s<»ne particular part.
fn'onUMMKUQa,!!. 1. A thickening. 2. Inspissation.
'b-^TMM' (In-kr«sO, r. <. [L. inereseti
^ — WICFCSOCftf / ptvf . —
in -{- cresceng to grow.] 1. To make, or become, greater ;
— opp. to deereoM, 2. To multiply by production of
young. 3. To become more nearly full ; to wax.
Syn. — Ty> iMciBAsa ; Emlaigb ; Extbvd ; multlidy ;
expand; develop; macnify; aiunnent: advance. — JTii-
large implies to make lannr or broader in alse. Extend
marks the proeress of enlargement so as to have wider
boundaries. TncTtaw denotes enlargement by growth
and internal vitality, as in the case <rf nlants.
In'OrMUM (Tn'kns or Tn-krSsO, n. X Addition or en-
largement ; growth. 2. That which b added by growth ;
pnMluce ; profit ; interest. 3. Progmy ; lame ; offspring.
Syn.— Enlar»Bment; growth; accession; productkn.
In-orwuilBC-ly, adv. More and nMwe.
Ill-oridl-1ll0(Tn-krM^-bn). o. Not credible ; too ex-
traordinary to admit of belief; marvelous. — b-cnAl-
a0M,lB-«i«di-Mimty,ii.- "
(•fi-lfis ; 40), a. 1. Not credulous ; >kep-
I. — Ik-ci«dl-Uy, adv.
tical ; unbelieving. 2. Indicating disbelief or incredulity.
— Iii-crad^-loa»-ly, orfr.— inHvatt^s^oos-iUM, In'-
er»4aai-ty (-krt-dunT-ty), n.
lafcn-muX (TnOEr^ment), n. [L. ineremenhtm.'] 1.
An increasing ; growth. 2. Matter added ; produce.
la-crtml-llAto (-krTmT^iit), V. t. [LL. ineriminare^
-natutn.l To accuse; to criminate.
Uk-onuH^ (-krlist^), V. t. [Written also enerusi.'} To
cover or line with a crust, or hard coat.
Jnfcnm-tMftkan (Tn'krfls-ta'shan), n. 1. An incmat-
ing, or being incrnsted. 2. Crust or hard coating.
iB'oa-lMlte (Tfi'kfi-btt), v. i. &t. [L. inntbarf, -to-
/mn, to lie on ; pref. In- in, on -|- ctAare to lie down.]
To ait, as on eggs for hatrhing ; to brood.
Itt'oa-lMl'tloll, n. 1. Aaittiaigonegga,tohatchyoang.
2. Development of a disease from its causes.
fil'oa4«'tar (-bi't%r), ». That which incubates ; an
apparatus for hatching eggs by artificial beat.
tafaUrtUM (-btts), n. [L., the nightmare.] 1. A demon.
2. The nightmare. 3. Oppressive burden.
IlHml'OAte (Tn-kttlldU), v. t. [L. inenlcare^ -eaimm^
to tread on ; pref. in- in, on -f- ealcart to tread, fr. caiz
heel.] To teach and impress.— Ufoill-IMiaiOllfn.
Syn. —To instm : infuse ; implant ; engraft ; impreai.
IH-onllpii-U* (-kfil'pA-b'l), a. Innocent.
In-eol'Mtot «• t' CLL> ^ictt/pare, -paium^ to blame ;
pref. in- In^eulpa fault.] To impute guilt ta
iB'Olll-pfttloll, n. Blame ; crimination.
&l-eal'Ml-t04T (-kU'p44^ft)t o. Imputing Uan
b-OVBlMII-ay (-kfim'ben-fly), n. 1. The being in-
cumbent ; a lyiiur on scmiething. 2. A weight. 3. I>aty ;
obligation. 4. The holding a benefice ; office.
In-onmlMBtt a. [L. incumbent, -^nH*, p. pr. of in-
eumbere to lie down uponj 1. Lying ; resting ; recum-
bent; superincumbent. 2. Lying or imposed as a du^
or obligation ; obligatory (on or upon). — n. One hold-
inff a benefice or ofllce.
In-cnmlMr, v. t. To encumber.
iB-omiinMUMMt n. [Written also eneumbrance.J 1.
A burdensome load : clog ; check. 2. A burden or charge
upon property ; claim or lien upon an estate.
*, «, 1, 5, II. tong ; A, «, 1, 5, tt, t. abort ; saoite, fivwimdea, 6bey, Unite, c4in, iUm, Ask, »n, fln«l
INCUR
291
INDIAN
nreto
•elf to;
(Tn-kftiOt V* <• [L.ineurrere;vnt,it^+cur-
■an.] To tuaet or fall in witb ; to expoM one's
to Moome liable to ; to contract.
__ .-I'ft-U* (-kHr'i-b'l). a. I. Not capable of being
cored ; bejond power of aUll or medicine to remedy. 8.
Irremediable. »M. One diaeaaed beyond cure.— iMOr'-
ft-bto-a0M, bi-eor A-IAl-ty, n. — In^vr'a-VlT. adv.
8rn.— IrrecoTerable; irretricTable ; irreparable.
IB-OI^-OIIS (-ko'rMU), a. {JL ineuriotut.'} Notco-
liofis or inquiaithre ; without intereet in.
IH-eo^noil (-kfir^ahfin), n. Ih. incttrtio. Bee Ixioum.]
A nmning into ; hostile entering into a territory.
8711. — Inroad: raid; foray; attack. SeelvTAnov.
u-^ai^nit* (-Tftt), a. [L. mcurvaret -vaium , to crook ;
pref. <»- -|- eunms bent.] Cnrred; bent; crooked.—
V. L To cunre or bend ; 10 crook. — IlTow-Taftloilt n.
I fif en as'klb), n, [L., auTil.] One of the onaU
bOBfls of the ear. See Bab.
IB^MM' (-dStO, V. t, [F. endetter; pref. en- (L. «•) +
detie debt.] To bring into debt, or under obligation.
iB-teM^ a. a. Brought into debt; beholden. 8.
Placed under obligatioo : owing restitution or gratitude.
I»4»toe«a-BMii, ». 1 The being indebted. 8. Sum
owed ; debts, coIlectiTely.
b-de^CMB-ey (-dS'sen-ij^), ». 1. A being indecent;
obecenity. 2. That which is indecent ; indecent act.
Byn. — Indelicacy ; immodesty. See Iin>B00BUii.
U-4d'06Bt, a. Kot decent ; unfit to be seen or heard ;
offeosiTe to modesty and delicacy. — Ill-dA'OCnit-ly , adv,
Syn. — Unbecoming : indecorous ; unseemly ; inunod-
•at; noes: shameful ; improper; obscene; flltbT.
IMt^lTll-eui (^i^Td't.fis), a. Not decidu
leaTes of trees in autumn ; lasting ; ere
ij^^^d^^m-BrW (-sffSr-Wl), a. '^ot dedphera.
ble ; insapable of being deciphered or solved, [tation. I
iB^d^^^tfon (-sTshnin), n. Want of decision ; hesi- 1
lB'd9-«f ■&▼• (-d'sTr), a. 1. Not decisive ; not bring-
tng to a final issue. 8. Undetermined; hesiUting.
IlI'd^^llB'A-ld* (-klln'&-bn), a. Not declinabTe ; not
Taried by inflective terminations. — n. An indedinaUe
word. —laf^&^atartL'hij, adv,
/kmw an'd^KS'rtts or Tn-dSk'ft-rlis), a. Not
violating good manners ; out of plsoe. — III'-
dt^w'lroas-lT, adv. — In'd^-M^Mos-BMii, ».
Syn. — Unbecoming ; rude ; coars«<> ; impolite : ill>bred.
lB'4*-00'mi(TnMl-kS'rilm),n. L Want of decorum ;
fanproprietY of behavior. 2. An indecorous action.
Syn. — Indeeamm Is sometimes synonymous with in-
deetney ; but indecency refers to what nature and pro^-
ety require to be concealed or suppressed. Indecency is
I stronger word ; indecorum refers to any tranagfes-
sum of etiquette or civility, especially in public.
1mAt9^{'d9if),adv, [Pref. ^ -f (feed.] InreaUty;
in truth : in fact ; verily ; truly.
lB'd»-tttl-sa-1ll0(-d^fltT-gi.b*l),a. [Jj.ind^atiffa-
hili*.] Incapable of fatigue; unremitting in effort. —
iB'dt-ftt'H^-MPI-ty, n. -iB'dt-fatl-ca-Uy, adv.
Syn. — unwearied : untiring ; persevering ; persistent.
nreo-fM'll b1« f-m'zT Vi*n, n. [Pi^f. in- t- re/ean-
M«,] Not td be dftmtr<*\ -y 'uiCi\u\hltk iti b#Jrii|; annulled
or inftde void. — tndo-lMilbill'l ty. p*.
lado-loari lilt (tfikta ikU). ti. Pf'^i <lflfBctt>ili5 ; not
Uj^M^ to H3M[K.ri nr il^^a.y. ^lll^a«-teot 11Ul^l-tr, >'.
la dfl^len'al 1»lt (-C^i/iiT4t'i), o, yoi d^^'uHMe; not
aapabli' df Uintr juttined. -- la'ds-leil Bf-bUlly, n.
n'de-tlii'i blo ( flti^l b'l), ft, [lu jLp:thk i<f U^ng de-
ftiHHl or 4WiiTi]>ed ; in>e:iplE«^iile. — lU de-£Ll]''a-bly, adv.
Ul-dOfl-Sllti (-tlSft iiTi), 4?H 1. Not <l@firiit«'; not
pTl^ci«« ; y»^i«* ; DbiPUTtiTc Z. Hnvtii^ no ctfrtnin Limits;
LhTno %t\A iiiiiEH.'juiinHl, tjinupch not intinfte ; iiDUtJiited. —
tn-del^-nlte It I '^'^r- — In-dof l-iilt«-aeaB« ».
Hjtt* ~ Inf^xulUil: e^juivoral; iu^ifl*-! i afiiirixiimate.
In do-hla'cmlt i^U -hT^Vsi t >, at . [ Prf i . it, . not + de-
kHixn-f.] Kfimj^viafi f\rm^ tti mutnriiy^ nt tint npening
along r^pilsr llMta, iVi the JHXim. — ln-do-lils'cenM, n.
Ifr4Ml-U« (Tn-^T-bn), a. [L. indelebais.-} [For-
meriy written indeleble.'] That can not be removed or
effaced. -Ifr4M'l-Mll-ty, n. — bt-dftll-Uy, odr.
Syn. — Fixed; fast; permanent; inetfaceable.
Ift-dall-oat* (-kit), a. Not delicate; vranting deli-
cacy ; offensive to good manners, or to purity of miii
lB^l-oM*-ly, adv. -bi-dftll-oa-ey (ki^), n,
Syn. — Indecorous ; rude ; coarse : gross ; impure.
fB-demld-fy (-dfim'uT-fi), v. /. [L. indemnu unhurt
(<n- -f damnum damage) -|- -fy-} !• To save harmless ;
to insure. 8. To make restitution for (aomething lost) ;
to compenaate. — Ul-dMII'lll-fi-oatlon, n.
In-dMBlll-ty (-tf ), ». IL. indemniiai.] L Security;
insurance ; immuni^ from penalty or punishment ; am-
nesty. 8. Indemnification tor loss or injury.
la-dMIt' (-dSntO. V. t [LL. indentart, f r. L. in +
dent^ denti4t tooth.T 1. To notch. 8. To dent ; to stamp
or to press in. 3. To indenture ; to apprentice. 4. To
begin (a line or lines of print) at a graater or less dis-
tance from the margin. — v. i. 1. To be cut, notched,
or dented. 8. To wind in and out ; to sigsag. 9* ^o
contract ; to bargain or covenant. —n. A notch in the
margin of anything. — In'dm-Utioa, &l-d«ltl0ll, n.
(-den'tttr ; 40), n. [LL. indentura a deed
in duplicate, with indented edges.] 1. An indenting, or
beinff indented. 8. A mutual legal agreement. — v. t.
L "^ indent ; to make hollows, notches, or wrinkles in.
8. To bind by indentures or written contract. — v. i. To
run or wind in and out ; to indent.
III'd»-Mad'tOM (fn^dt-pSud'ens), n. [F.] 1. The
being independent ; self-subsistence ; direction of one's
own afEairs without interference. 8. Sufficient means
for a comfortable livelihood.
&l'd»>p«nd'Mlt, a. 1. Not dependent ; free ; not sub-
ordinate. 8. Affording a comfortable livelihood. 3. Not
subject to bias or influence ; self-directing. 4. Express*
ing the feeling of independence ; free ; bold. 6. Separate
from ; irrespective. ~ la'dt-Pend'OillMy, adv.
Syn. — Free ; separate ; self-reliant ; bold.
In^dt-paild'MIt, «. 1. A Congregationaliat, or one
who believes each organised Christian church complete
in itself and independent of all ecclesiastical authority.
8. One who exercises liberty in voting.
Ili'd»«ortb'a-Ue(-skrn/i-b*l),<i. incapable of being
described. — In'teHMnlb'a-llly, adv.
Ill'd»«tniOll-1ll0(-strfiktf-bn), a. Not destructible ;
incapable of decomposition or of being destroyed. — IB'-
dMtnM^Uo-BMii, In'dMrtno'tl-Mllty, n.
In'dt-tir'Bl-IU-lde (-tSr^nT-n&-bn), a. Not deter-
minable ; impossible to be deflnitely known or limited.
In'dt-tOT'Bll-luUt, a. Not determinate; not certain
or fixed ; Indefinite. ~ Ia'd*-tcrllll-lUlt*-ly, adv. —
I^/d^ttf'lBlriuito-iUM, tn'dA-termi-iutioa, n.
la'dm (Tn'dSks), n. ; pi. E. Iitdexis (-9s), L. Irdicks
(Tn'dT-«8s). [L.] 1. That which points out, shows, indi-
cates, or discloses. 8. A pointer^ as the hand of a watch,
etc. In printing, a sign [|^^] directing particular atten-
tion to a note or paragraph ; — called tdjio/Ut. 3. Table
facilitating reference to topics, names, etc., in a book.
4. The second digit ; forefinger. 6. Figure or letter
showing the power or root of a mathematical quantity ;
exponent. — v. /. To provide (a book, etc.) with a table
of references ; to put into an index.
Ill'dl-A(Tn'dT-&orTnd'y&),n. [See Ihdxak.] A coun-
try in Southern Aaia ; Hindootan.
bdla ink, a nearly black pigment brought chiefly from
China, uaed for water colors, and consisting of lampblack
or ivory black and animal glue.— India rnbbsr, caoutchouc.
Ia'41-a-IIUIl, n. A large vessel in the India trade.
Ia'dl-«]l (Tn'dT-on or Tnd'yon), a. [Fr. India^ and
this fr. Indus a river in Asia.] 1. Pert to India proper ;
also to the Bast Indies, or, sometimes, to the West Indies.
2. Pertaining to the aborigines, or Indians, of America.
3. Made of maise or Indian com. [U. iS.]— n. 1. A
firs, recent, 6rb, rude, 1^11, lira, ftfbd, ftfbt, out, oil, diair, go, sing, i|}k, then, ihln.
INDIAN CORN
292
INDOLENTLY
2. One of the aboriginal
of
native or inhabitant of India,
inhabitants of America.
Indian con, maize, an edible grain plant native
America.— Xadiaa flla, single file ; arrange-
ment of persons in a row following one
after another, the usual way of North
American Indians traversing woods.—
XBdiaameal, ground com or maize. [(/. S.]
In'dl-oant (tu'dT-kont), a. &n. [L. m-
dicans."] Showing.
In'dl-oate, r. /. [L. mdtcare, .ca/um ; ,.
pref . in- In 4- dicare to proclaim.] 1. To /
show. 2. To manifest by symptoms ; to i
point to as the proper remedies.
Syn« — To show ; mark ; signify ; man-
ifest; declare; disclose: display.
la'dl-oatloii, n . 1. A pomting out or
indicating. 2. Tliat which serves to point
out ; mark ; sign ; symptom. 3. Discov- Tmn>« Com.
ery made : information.
Syn. — Proof ; sign : token ; evidence ; signal
Illr4l0'A-tlT»(-dTk>4-tlv),a. [h. indicativus.l Point-
ing out; giving intimation or knowledge of sometliing
not obvious. — n. The indicative mood, that form of the
verb which indicates, that is, which simply affirms, denies,
or inquires. — In-diO'a-tlTe-ly, adv. [points out. I
la'di-Oft'tor (-dl-kS/tSr), n. [L.1 One that shows or |
In'dl-oa-tO-ry (-kA-t$-rj^}, a. Signifyhag ; implying.
la'dl-CM (-dT-sSz), n., hi. of Ikdbx.
la-dlot' (-dif ), V. t. [See iNnrra.] To charge with a
crime, in due form of law ; to iiud<an indictment against.
— iB^UofA-blt, a. — In-dtot'er, In-diof or, n.
In-dlofniMlt (-dit'ment), n. 1. An indicting, or being
indicted. 2. Statement of an offense, as found by the
grand Junr. 3. An accusation.
In-^lfW-MlOO (•dTf'f3r-«nB), n. 1 The being indlf.
ferent, or not making a difference; insignificance. 2.
Passableness ; mediocrity. 3. Impartiality; freedom
from prejudice or bias. 4. Unconcemedneas.
8yn. — Carelessness : negligence ; unconcern; apathy.
In-dJrtar-ent, o. [F. ; L. indifferen*.'] 1. Not inak-
ing a difference; of no account; without importance.
2. Neither particularly good, nor very bad ; passable ;
mediocre. 3. Neutral ; imparthd. 4. Inattentive ;
apathetic. — &l-dJfl«r-eBt-lyt adv.
In'di-ffenoo (Tn'dT-jens), n. \Ia. indigerUia.'] The be-
ing indigent ; want of means of comfortable stiosistence.
Syn. — Penury ; want ; need ; privation. See Povsarr.
In-dlf'e-IIOIUI (-dTj^t-nOB), a. [L. indigentu, fr. OL.
indu (fr. in in) -|- '«>* of I^ gignere to beget, bear. See
Ih, and OEin>siu] 1. Native ; Dtt>duced or living natu-
raUy in a country or climate. 2. Inherent ; innate.
In'dl-gent (-dl-Jentl a. [F. ; L. indigent^ p. p. of tn-
digere to stand in need of, f r. OL. indu (fr. in) -f- L. egere
to need.] Destitute of means of comfortable subsistence.
In^di-gest'ad (-jesfSd), a. l. Not digested ; undigest-
ed. 2. Not refnilarly disposed and arranged ; crude.
Ia''dl-g0Stl-1)le, a. Not digestible ; not easily con-
vertible Into products fitted for absorption.
In'di-gMltion (-je«/chan; 26), n. [L. indigestio.1
Lack of proper digestive action ; dyspeiMia.
In-tf^'nailt (-dTg^nant), a. [L. indignans^ -aniiSy p.
pr. of indignari to disdain.] Affected with indignation ;
wrathful ; paMionate. — In-dlg'liailt-ly. adv.
In^dig-na'tlOll, n. [F. ; L. indignatio.] Anger min-
gled with contempt, disgust, or abhorrence.
Syn. — Anger ; ire ; wrath ; fury ; rage. See Anobr.
In-dig^-ty (-dTg'iiT-ty), n. [L, indignitas, fr. indi-
gnus unworthy ; pref. in- -f dignus worthy.] An action
showing contempt ; contumely ; injunr, with insult.
In'di-go (Tn'dT-g6), n. [F. & 8p ; L indicum, fr. In-
dints Indian.] 1. A deep blue, one of the prismatic
colors. 2. A blue dyestuff obtained from several plants.
In'dl-reot' (-rinrt'), a. 1. Not direct ; not straight or
rectilinear; circuitous. 2. By remote means. 3. Not
straightforward or upright ; tending to mislead. ^ Hot
resulting directly from an act or cause, but remotely con-
nected with or growing out of it. — Itt'dl-rMt'lT, adv,
III'dl-I«OllfNl(TnMT-rek'ahiin),n. [F.] Obliqneoonna
or means; dishonest practices.
Itt'dlS-^rMt' (-dts-krifeOf a^ Not diMveet; wanting
In discretion. — IB^diS-CWbtTy, adv.
Sjn. — Imprudent ; injudioioaa : rash ; hasty ; fooliah.
iB'dli-OfM' (-krSf ), a. [L. indiserettu.} Not dia-
Crete or separated ; compact ; homogeneous.
&l'dUhCr«'ti0ll(-krS8h'an),n. 1. The bemg indiscreet ;
want of dinretion ; imprudence. 2. Indiscreet behavior.
IlI'dte-Ollml-IUte (-krTmT-nit), a. Not discriminate ;
not making any distinction ; confused ; promiscuous. —
Itt'dte-Ollllll-Bate-ly, adv. [partiality. I
bl'dlS-OllllI'l-IU'dOiB, n. Want of discrimination ;im- 1
bl'dlS-pMl'M-lila (-pSn'sA^bM), a. Not dispenaable ;
absolutely necessary. —In^dli-pMl'M-lllO-IMM, bl'dSs-
p«i'iA-1illl-ty, n. — la'dls-pen'M-lily, adv.
la'dte-jpOM' (-pS«Of V- i' [OF. indispos hidispoaed,
feeble. Bee In- not, and Diwosb.] L To render un-
suited; to disqualify. 2. To disorder slightly as regards
health. 3. To disincline ; to render averse.
I]|-41S'pCHdtlfla(-dTs'p«-sTsh'fin\n. [F.] 1. A be-
ing hidisposed ; diahaclination. 2. Slight iUneM^
lB-dll^-U-1d« (-dTs^fi-ti-b'l), a. Not disputable ;
incontrovertible ; too evident to admit of dispute. — Ib-
dls1^-U-bl«-lMM, n. — bi-dte'l^-tA-llly, adv.
8yn. — Incontestable ; certain ; poritive ; sure.
bl-dls'lO-ln-ldt (-sft-ltt-bM), a. 1. Not dissoluble;
not capable of being dissolved, melted, or liquefied ; in-
soluble. 2. Incapable of being rightfully dissolved;
perpetually obligatory ; firm ; stable. — I]|-<Ul'go-lll-bl»>
IIM8, la-dla'io-lii-liill-ty, n. — bi-dls'io-ln-Uy, adr.
la^dlS-tillOl' (-dTs-tlnktO, a, 1. Not distinct or dis-
tinguishable ; not sepaiate so as to be perceptible by it-
self. 2. Obscure to the mind or senses ; not clear ; faint.
Syn. — Undefined ; obscure ; vague ; ambiguous.
iB-ditO' (-dItO, v.U&i. [OF. enditer to indicate, en-
dieter to accuse ; LL. indictare to accuse, f r. L. indictrr
to announce ; pref. in- in -f dicert to say.] To write ; to
dictate. — In-dltO'&Mllt, n. — la-dif er (^dlfer), n.
iB'dl-vU'Q-Al (TnMT-vTd'tt-al ; 40), a. [L. tndiridwu:
rsf. in- -f- dividmu divisible, fr. dividert to divide.]
Not divided, or not to be divided ; ahigle ; one. 2. Pert
to one cmly ; peculiar to a single person or thing ; dis-
tinctive. — n. A single person or thmg ; thhig incapable
of division, without losing identity; a person.
iB'dl-vldll-Al-lail (-Tz'm), n. L The being individ-
ual; individuality; personality. 2. Selfishness.
bt'dl-Ytd'n-ail-ty (-U^-ty), n. [F. individuality^
1. The being individual or constituting an individual;
separate existence ; oneness ; unity. 2. Character pe-
culiar to an individual ; sum of characteristic traits.
la'dl-vld'Q-Al-lM (-vTd'tt-al-iz), v. t. To mark as an
individual ; to distinguish from others by peculiarities.
In'dl-vld'll-tl-ly. adv. 1. In an individual manner ;
separately. 2. In an inseparable manner ; indivisibly.
b'dl-Vlat-ble (-vTz^-bn), a. l. Not capable of being
divided. 2. Not capable of exact division ; incommen-
surable.—n. That which is indivisible. ~Ia'dl-Tto1-
bto-neM, la'dl-Tlsl-bQl-ty, n. — In'dl-Tlsl-Uy, adr.
m-tfoClle (Tn-dSs^l or -de^sll), a. [L. indoeais.-\
Not teachable; dull. — la/dO-oUl-ty (Tn/d^-sTlT-tf ), n.
In-tfOO'tXl-IUItt (-d5k'trT-n5t), r. /. [Pref. t». in -f L.
doetrina doctrine.] To instruct in principles of learning
or doctrines ; to teach. — Ill-dOO'tn-IUItlOIl, n.
In'dO-lence (Tn'dft-lras), n. [L. indolentia freedom
from pain.] The being indolent ; habitual idleness.
In'dO-lent, «. [Pref. in- not -}- L. dolens, -entity p. p.
of dolere to feel pain.] 1. Indulging in ease ; avoiding
exertion ; habitually idle. 2. Causing little pain or an-
noyance ; as, an tftf/o/en/.tumor. — In^^-lMlt-ly, adv.
Syn. — Lazy ; slothful ; listlesa ; inert. See u>lb.
a, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, «, I, A, O, t« ehort ; senftte, dvent, tdea, dbey, Unite, cftre, llrm, AA, nil, flnoL
INDOMITABLE
293
INESTIMABLY
(Tn^lSml-tA-bl), o. [L. indomiia-
bilu; praf. <n- not + domitare, iutena. fr. domart to
tome.l Not to be subdued ; untamable ; invincible.
iB'dooi^ (Tn'dSr'yf a. Done or being within doon ;
within a bouse or institution ; domestic.
XB'dOOn' (TuMSra' or TnMSrzOt adv. Within the
bouse ; — usually separated, in doors.
la^atWf (-ddrsOf v. t- [LL. tn<for«are.] [Written
also endorse.} 1. To write one's name upon the back of
(a pi^r), in order to transfer it, or to secure the payment
of a note, draft, etc. ; to certify something upon the back
of (a ctieck, draft, writ, warrant of arrest, etc.)> 3. To
giro one's name or support to ; to sanction.
iB'dor-aat' (-ddr-sS'), n. Person to whom a note or
HU is indorsed, or assigned by indorsement.
iB-dorae'&iailt (-dSryment), n. [Written also en-
dorsemeniA 1. Act of writing on the back of a note,
bill, etc. 2. That which is written on the back of a note,
bill, etc 3. Sanction, support, or approraL
iB-don'tir (-Sr), I n. The person who indorses. [Writ-
fn.^fffflf (-5r), I ten ftlto endorser."]
iB-dnrU-U-Ue (-dun>T-t&-bn), a. Not dubitoble or
doubtful ; unquestionable ; erident ; apparently certain.
^ n. That which is Indubitable. — Ln-dalll-Uhbly, adv.
Sjnm — Unquestionable ; evident ; irrefragable.
iB-teoe' (-dSs'), V. t. [L. indueere, -ductum; pref.
«»- in -f dueere to lead.] 1. To lead on ; to influence.
% To bring on ; to cause. 3. To generalise as aainfer-
ence from all the particulars ; — opp. to deduce.
Syn*— Tomove; instigate; urge; incite; actuate.
U-dnOd'IIMat, n. 1. An inducing, or being induced.
%, That which induces ; motive ; consideration.
Si a. — Motive ; reason : influence. See Momrs.
I&4»'0l-ble (-dn'sT-b'l), a. 1. Capable of being in-
duced. 2. Obtainable by induction ; derivable ; inferable.
iB-dnot' (-d&kt^), V. t. [L. inducere, -ductum.} 1. To
bring in. 2. To put in possession of (office).
iB-dno'tne (•d&ktTl), a. [Pref. in^ not + ductUe.}
Not ductile ; incapable of being drawn into threads, as
a metal ; inelastic ; tough. — In^dno-tlll-ty (>tT11-t]^), n.
iB-dVO'tlOII, n. [L. inductio.} 1. An hiductinv or
bringing in ; introduction ; entrance ; beginnbig. 2. A
reasoning from a part to a whole, from particulars to
generalsi or from the Individual to the universal ; infer-
ence so reached. 3. lutroductiim into ofBce. 4. I^p-
ertv by which one body, having electrical or magnetic po-
larity, induces it in another body without direct contact.
%jtk* — iHDDcnoK ; Dbdvctioh. — In induction we ob-
serve a snlBcient number of individual facts, and, on the
ground of analogy, extend what is true of them to others
of the same class, thus arriving at general principles or
laws. In (fe</uc/fon we begin with a genera/ truth, already
invren <a provisionally assumed, and seek to connect it
with some particular case by means of a middle term, or
daas of objects, known to be equally connected with both.
This is the syUogistio method.
iJi^VOtlTt (-dllk'tTv), In-dQO'ttolMa (-shttn-ol), a.
1. Leading; persuasive; tempting. 2. Leading to in-
ferences ; derived by induction. — Iil-dll0t'l¥9-ly, adv.
iB-dnet'or (-dlik'tSr}, n. [L.] 1. One who Inducts
another into office. 2. That portion of an electrical
apparatus, in which is the inducing charge or current.
IB-due' (-<J30, V. t. [Written also endue.] [L. induere.}
1. To pot on (clothes) ; to draw on. 2. To endow.
lB-4lllf«' (-dtllK), V. t. [L. indulgere to be kind to
one.] 1. To gratify by compliance; to humor. 2. To
bestow in concession, or in compliance with a request. —
V. L To indulge one's self ; to give one's self up (to).
iB-dnl'fftBM (-dfil'jehs), n. 1. An indulging or
humoring ; forbearance of restnUnt. 2. Favor granted.
3. Remission of the temporal punishment due to sins,
granted by the Pope or by the Roman Catholic church.
iD-dQl'gWttt a. [L. indulgenSf -entis, p. pr. of indul-
gereA Prone to indulge ; mild. — In-dol'genMy, adv.
larmrtaU (Tn'dtt-rtt), a. [L. indurare, -ratum^ to
harden. Bee Ebtdubb.] 1. Hardened; not soft; indu-
rated. 2. Unfeeling ; obdurate, —v. t. 1. Tc make hard.
2. To render obdurate, ^v.i. To grow hard.
Ia'dll-nimon(Tn/dd-rS^shiin),n. [F. ; IAj. induratio.}
1. A hardening, or growing hara. 2. Hardness ; stiffness ;
want of pliancy or feeling.
In-dns'txl-lli (-d&s'tr^al), a. [Cf. F. induttrid, LL.
induHrialis.} Consiiiting in industry ; pertaining to the
arts and products of industry ; concerning workers.
In-dlia'tll-Oiyi (-tts), a. [L. industriu*7\ Given to in-
dustry ; busy ; assiduous. — In-dllS'tll-OIUI-ly, adv.
Ill'dllS-try(tn'd&s-trj^),n. {JL. industria.} 1. Habit-
ual diligence; steadv attention to business; — opp. to
sloth and idleness. 2. Any branch of art or business.
Syn. — Assidui^ ; perseverance. See Dhjobncb.
lA'dWttlF (-dw«0, V. /. & i. To dwell in ; to remain
in possession. — la'dwoll^er, n. — In'dwoll'llig, n.
tBL-¥\alrUk\ (-S'brt-aut), a. [L. inebrians. See Ikb-
BRiAm] Intoxicating, ^n. An intoxicant.
In-e'Drt-ate (-at), v. /. [L. inehriare^ -atumj pref. in-
in -^ ebriare to make drunk, f r. ehrius drunk.] 1. To in-
toxicate. 2. To exhilarate as if by sitiritoous drhik ; to
stupefy.— a. Intoxicated; stupefied.— n. An habitual
drunkard. — In-ttOvl-fttlOll, lB'e-1irl'e-ty (-bri't-ty), n.
Syn. — See DBtrNKnnncss.
Ill-«d''it-«d (-«dat-Sd), a. Not edited ; unpublished.
Ill-«Ma-Ue (-8f'fM>*l), a. ['L.ineffabUU.} Incapable
of being expressed in words. — In-efift-Uy, adv.
In'eiPfaoa'A4fle (-«f-faa'A-b'l), a. Incapable of being
effaced; indelible; ineradicable.
Ia'«f-f8etlv« (-ffik'tTv), a. Not effective ; ineffectual ;
futile ; inefficient ; useless. — In'ef-feoflTe-ly, adv.
In'Cf-iaotlMd (-f8k'ttt-al ; 40), a. Not producing the
proper effect ; useless. — In'et-too'ta-al-ly, adv.
Syn. — Inefficient ; vain ; futile. See Usbliss.
In-effl-M'OlOlU (-fT-kS'shtts), a. Not efficacious ; not
having power to produce the elTect desired ; inadeqiwte.
— In^rfl-M'oloiui-iMts, Iii-«ni-oa-cy (-Sf'n-kA-sjQ, n.
In^ef-fl'Oltllt (-fTsh'ent), a. 1. Not efficient; InefBca-
dous. 2. Incapable of, or indisposed to, effective action ;
effecting little or nothing. — In^et-fi'oleil-cy, n.
Ill-«l'd-gailt (-ei'S-gant), a. Not elegant; tasteless.
— In-ol'»-giinoo, -gan-cy, n. — In-at'e-gant-ly, adv.
Ia-«l1-^-ble (-T-jT-b'l ), a. Not eligible ; not qualified
to be chosen for an office. — Iil-el''i-Kt>bll1-ty, n.
In-epf (-8pf), a. [L. ineptus; prefix in- -j- apt us
apt, fit] 1. Not a]^ ; unfit. 2- Silly ; useless ; foolish. —
Iii-«pta-tiide (-T-tud), Ill-«pf&eS8. n. — In-flptly, adr.
In'e-qnall-ty (-t-kw5IT-tj^), n. l. The being unequal ;
lack of uniformity ; diversity. 2. Unevenness. 3. Varia-
bleness ; inconstancy. 4. Disproportion to any office or
purpose; inadequacy; incompetency. 6. An algebraic
expression consisting of two unequal quantities, with the
sign of inequality (^ or ^) between them. Du*t* I
In-eq'nl-U-ble (-fik'wT-t4-b'l), a. Not equitable ; not|
la-erf (-8rf), a. [L. iner*^ -ertis^ unskilled. Idle;
pref. tn- not -\- ars art.] 1. Destitute of the power of
moving itself, or of active resistance to motion impressed.
2. Indisposed to move ; slow to act. 3. Not having
active properties; powerless for a desired effect.— In-
ertly, adr. — In-crfness, n.
Syn. — Insbt ; Inactivs ; Sluooise ; dull ; passive ; in-
dolent; slothful; lazy; dead; lifeless; irresolute; stu-
pid ; senseless ; insensible. — A man may be inactive from
mere want of stimulus to effort ; but one who is inert has
Boraethine like a weight holding him back from exertion.
SlugqishVA still stronger, implying some defect of tern*
perament which directly impedes action.
In-er^-A (Tn-Sr'shT.A), n. [L., idleness.] 1. That
property by which matter tends when at rest to remain so,
and when in motion to continue In motion. 2. InertuMS.
Ill-6S^-]IUI-1ll0 (-es'tT-m&-b'l), a. Incapable of being
estimated ; too excellent to be appreciated ; above aU
price. —In-Bs^-nui-bly, adv.
Syn.— Incalculable; Invaluable; priceless.
ff m, xeo«nt, 6rb, r|}do, f^^ Hzn, fobd, f«n>t, oat, oil, chair, so, sins, iQk, then, thin.
INEVITABLE
294
INFIDEL
Ill-evn-U-U» (Tn-Sv^-U-bn), a. 1. Not eWtable ; not
to be ahunned ; unarOidable ; certain. 2. Irreaiitible. —
In^iw^tMrViiB-nmBy n. — In-er^u-Uyf €uiv.
la'CZ-AOt' i-ia-tkt/), a. Not exact ; inaccurate.
la'SZ-eOfl'A-llW (-«lca-kas'4-b*l), a. Not excusable;
without Juatificatiou. — In'n-oiis'A-lily, adv,
lB'CZ-IU1lfltl-1ll0 (-Cgs-ftsta-bn), a. Incapable of be-
ing exhausted, emptied, or used up ; unfailing.
In'n-lBt'MIt (-iBfent), a. [Pref. in- not + exUtaU.I
Not having being ; not existing. —Ia'cz-ist'«noo, n.
JSk^VK-mnX^ a, [Pref. in- in -f existent.] Inherent ;
innate ; bidwelling. — In'ez-lsf «noo, n.
Ill-«Z'»-ni-Ue (-Sks^-rA-b'i), a. [L. inexorabUU.^
Not to be persuaded br praver ; firm ; relentless. -- In-
•re-ia-nll-ty, n. — mnM^Kia-lily, adv.
la'cz-pe'dl-eat (-pS'dl-ent), a. Not expedient; not
tending to the end desired; unsuitable to time and
place. — In'n-pt'dl-aioe, Iii'»-po'dl-«B-oy, n.
Syn.— Unwise; impolitic; dissdTantageons.
m'CZ-pe'rt-enoe (-pe^rT-ens), n. Want of experienoe ;
lack of knowledge. — In'M-Mnrl-caMd (-«nat), a.
In-Ml^-ft-llto (•^ks'pT-i-bn), a. Admitting of no ex-
piation, atonement, or satisfaction. •^In-as'pl-Arllty, adv.
In-exW-oa-llle (-pll-kft-bn;, a. Not explicable ; in-
capable of being accounted for. — In-CS^-oa-ttto-IMM,
lB-ez'^-oa-1u1-ty, n. — In-asfpli-oa-bly, adv.
iB'n-pliolt (-plTsat), a. Not ($xpUcit ; vague.
la'SZ-pnMl-Vto (-presnr-bn), a. Not oapia>le of ex-
pression or utterance in language ; ineffable ; unspeak-
able ; indescribable. —Iii'«-priMl4fly, adv.
Ill 01 lirOMlTO (-Tt^, a. Without expression or mean-
ing ; not expressiTe ; dull ; unintelligent
bl'n-tlil^llllll-A-Vto (-tlQ'gwTsh-4.b'l), a. Notcapa^
ble of being extinguished ; unquenchable.
lB-«S^-oa-1ll0 (-^ks'trT-kA.b'l), a. Incapable of be-
ing extricated, untied, or disentangled : hopelessly intri-
cate or obscure. — In-edll-oa-llly, adv.
ln-9lf^ (-iO, V. t. [Pref. in- in + «y«.] To ingraft
(a tree or plant) by inserting a bud or eye ; to inociuate.
Jnttini-hU (-fUaT-bn), a. l. Not faUible ; unerring.
a. Not liable to fail or disappoint ; certain. — In-fBl'U-
lOe-iMn, In-faiiliai-ty, n. - In-falOl-Uy, adv.
Inffii-lllOlUi (Tn'f4-mlis). a. [Pref. <n-+/»moiM.] 1.
Of Tory bad report ; notoriously vile. 2. Causing or pro-
ducing infamy. 3. Branded with infamy by legal coo-
Tiction of crime. — In'fa-moilS-ly, adv.
Syn. — Detestable; scandalous: base; Tile.
Infa-my (-my), n. [L. in/amia; pref. in- -^/anui
fame.] 1. Total loss of reputation ; public disgrace. 2.
Extreme baseness. 3. That loss of character which
tenders a convict incompetent as a witness.
Inlail-cy (-fon-s^), n. [L. infantia. See Intakt.]
1. The first paH of Ufe ; early childhood. 2. Condition
of one under the age of twenty-one years ; minority.
Infailt (-font), n. [L. infant; pref. in- not 4-/«H
to speak.] 1. A child in the first period of Ufe ; babe.
2. One who has not attained the age of legal capacity ;
a minor, —a. 1. Pertaining to infancy ; tender ; not
mature. 2. Intended for children.
II In-ftn^ (Tn-fSn't& ; 8p. tn-fiintA), n. [Bp. & Pg.,
fem. of infante.] Title borne by each daughter of the
kings of Spain and Portugal, except the eldest.
D In-fanOa (-tt), n. [Sp. & Pg.] Title for each son
of the kings of Spain and Portugal, except the eldest.
la-fanm-olde (Tn-fSn'tl-sId), n. [L. infanticidium
chQd murder ; infans^ -antis^ child -f- caedere to kill.]
Hurdor of an infant bom alive ; child murder.
In-ftntl-^dde, n. [L. infanUdda.'] One who com-
mits the crime of infanticide. [childish. I
Infan-tlle (Tn'fon-tn or -tTl), a. Pert, to infancy ; |
Infan-tllie (-tin or -tin), a. Infantile.
Infan-try (-trj^), n. [it. InfanteHa, fr. infante In-
fant, boy, servant, foot soldier, fr. L. infant^ -anti*.] A
body of foot soldiers, disting. fr. eavairy.
Iil-tem-atean-nti'«-it)»v-^. l.TomakefooUali:to
deprive of sound judgment. 2. To inspire with a fool*
Ish and extravagant passion. — In-tafV-A'dOB, n.
In4atftr (rfXkV), v. i. [L. infietrm, -fectmm, to dip into,
to stain, infect ; pref. in- in ■+-faeere to make.] 1. Tio
taint with morbid matter. 2. To affect with infectiooa
disease. 3. To contaminate ; to taint. — In-fMfOT, ».
Sjm. -To poison ; vitiate ; pollute ; defile.
(-fSk'shiin), M. 1. An infecting. 2. TbiA
which infects, or causes the communicated disease. 3.
AMncT Irif'-Tfrtrt : — ■^ — 'rtttion by Tn-— *-•■■ *'*-T?«:
a ] ■ ■ i^. .■ .. ... 1 ■, .i|'-iiiii:, 4- Bvi , li ■■ i-flta-
miiiilL'iLiaui:i of Llk«.' ^{iLaUniJiH or ftiuotion*; liiHuijitce.
Kjti, — IsrarTiow; CoHTAOiojf. — Iiy>rt(6n 1* oftm
useii in n dpHuite aod Utnit«il setiw oi irKomaiMakm of
afliei^tictisA 'vvitboyt dLrect t^outact of indiindiula or lEbme-
diiit^' ni]|f]i4.'.atif>n of tlie oiorbille sgcuti Lu cimtf^diiftlaD-
ti<'>]] tn rftiitiH/ti'Tj, DT tnuiKtotiBion hj direct coutact-
In tec'ttoUfe (h^iQh), a, 1. Hmrlnt^ qixnliHtm that toaj
InftH^t ; ojiiiLiniiaJicab];!? or csuRed by iufectlaa. 2- Cot-
rufitjni^^ or tctiiMnf to cohlAiiiijiat^? ; demoTiftlixEiip. 3-
tloiis ly, fj'/f — tnfoc'UoiU'iteni, ju
In le-cmi ^dl ty t -1 f' k Hi J 'dl-t5 ), B . W*nt of f ecBfld Ity
or 1 >! I J t ! 1 1 ] I IP hs - ba rrt^diTwue ; jitoriUtir.
la fa Uc'1-tOtu (-n^n IOa), u. Not felidtout; un^
foi-Luuat43 , uo4 vntM toid, exfa«taed, or doos.
Ill'l»-llol-ty, n. 1. The being Infelicitous; misfor-
tune. 2. An infelicitons act, wora, expression, etc
In-to' (-fSr'), V. L [L. inferre to bring into, occa-
sion, infer ; pref. in- in ^ferre to carry.] To derive by
deduction or by induction ; to imply.
Ill-ter'a-Ue(-fSr'A.b*lor-f8r'-),a. Capable of being
inferred or deduced. [Written also inferriUe.]
InlBr-MIM (Tn'fir-^ns}, n. 1. An faiferrii« by de-
duction or induction. 2. That which is inferred; a
proposition drawn from another which is admitted.
Syn. — iKvnxircs ; Conclusioh : deduction ; conse-
guence. — An inference is literally that which is brougki
I / and hence, a deduction or induction from premisea.
— something which follows as certainly or probably true.
A conclution is stronger than an inference; it shuts tu up
to the result, and terminates inquiry.
In'fl«r-6a4llil(-&i'shal), a. Deduc
inference.
In-fa^-or (-fS'rT-Sr), a. [L., compar. of i^ferus un-
derneath.] 1. Lower m place, rank, excellence, etc. ; less
valuable. 2. Poor or mediocre. —n. One lower In sta-
tion, rank, intellect, etc, than another. — la-fe'll-or'-
1-ty (-«ra-ty), n.
Jn.-tW'nu. (•fSr'nal), a. [F. ; L. infemalis^ tr, i^femus.
See iMraaioa.] 1. Pert, to or suitable for the lower re-
gions. 2. Inhabiting hell; diabolical.— Ill-tar'^Ud-ly,o<fr.
8jm. - HellishTdevilish ; dUboUcal ; fiendish.
iB-flMril-Ue (f^r'rT-bn or -fSr'-), a. Inferable.
In-far^e (-(Sr'tTl or -tO), a. Not fertile; barren;
sterile. — In-fomto-ly, adv. ^iB'ftr-tni-ty, ».
In-lMrt' (-fSstO. V. t. [L. iitfestare. fr. ^estus dis-
turbed ; in in, against + root of defenaere.'] To trouble
by numbers or frequency of presence ; to annoy.
Infl-del (Tn^n-del), a. [L infldeUs ; pref. tn- not +
ftdelU faithful, fr. fide* faith.] Not h(dding the faith ;
— applied esp. to one who rejects the inspintioo of tlie
Scriptures and supernatural oriein of Christianity.— ».
Disbeliever in the prevailing religious faith.
Syn. — IwriDKL ; Ukbklisvsh; Frkstbikkss ; Dust;
Athsist ; Skkptic ; Aokostic. — An infideU in common
usage, is one who denies Christianity and the truth of
the Scriptures. A frteihinker is now only another name
for an inftdH. An unbelierer is not necMsarily a <n«be-
liever or infidel, because he may still be inquiring after
evidence. A dnst believes in one Ood and a divine provi-
dence, but rejects revelation. An atheist denies the befaig
of Ood. A skeptic is one whose faith in the credibility of
evidence is weakened or destroyed, so that religion, to
the same extent, has no practical hold on his mind. An
duced or dedjidble by
S, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; A, «, I, A, O, t» al^ort ; sonlte, Svnt, tdea, 6boy,ftnite, oAn, ftrm, Ask, ||11, finoL
INFIDELITT
295
INFREQUENT
fimixc oor daoyiiMr the wditenoe ci a Deraoiul Deity. .
Want of belief in some relicrioas qratem ; diabelief of
OliriatianitT. 2. Adulteiy. 3. Breach of tnut ; deodt.
llHtlA' (Tn'fad'), n. In baeeball, the aqnafe formed
\gf the Unee Joteinc the baaes ; the diamond.
b^lltr (-fTFOr), lA-mtiatt (-trit), v.L&i, To
filter or sift in. [which haa infiltrated. I
l^fSk-tnnkKk, n, 1. An faifiltrating. 2. 8ubrtanoe|
Lill4dt» (Tn^-nXt), a. [L. l^/lmUug, Bee Iv- not,
and Pimn.] 1. Unlimited in time or ipace. 2. With-
oat limit in power, capacity, or excellence ; perfect; —
opp. to Jlnite. 3. Vast; prodlgioua. 4. Greater than
any aaelgnahle quantity of the aame kind ; — aaid of cer-
ti^ mauMmatical quantitiea. — n. 1. That which Is infl-
nite ; infinity. 2. An infinite mathematical quantity or
magnitnde. S. An incaloalable number. 4. God ; tlte
Almighty. ->lB^Blto-l7, arfv. — Ilifl-lllt«-ll0«t n.
Syn.— Bonndleaa; immeaauraUe ; endleaa; etemaL
lrflll44«al«ua(-T-tSaa.mal;,a. IF. ittfinUSsimal.}
Infinitely or indefinitely amall ; leaa than any aarignable
vidue. — a. An infinitely amall mathftmatical quantity ;
that which la less than any aaaignable quantity.
I»Ail-ttvt (-fTnnr-tTT). a, [L. imJinUivut. Bee In-
vonrm.] Unlimited; undefined. —A. An infinitiTe f orm
of tlie Terb ; a Terb in the infinitiTe mood ; tlie InfinitiTe
mood which merely namea the action, and aenrea as a
iB^lBl-tlda (-tnd), fi. 1. The being Infinite, or with-
out limita. 2. Infinite extent ; immensity ; infinity. 3.
Boondlew number ; countleaa multitude.
I»llBl-ty (-T-tj^). n, [L. in/Hitas; mi. ^ not-f
/Kit limit, end.1 1. Unluniteaextent of time, space, or
quantity; eternity. 2. Unlimited capacity, energr, or
Knowledge. 3. &idleaa or indefinite number. 4. A
mathematical quantity greater tlian any aasignible quan-
tity of the aame kind. 5. That part of a line, plane, or
apace, which la infinitely distant.
Il|.f|m'(-fSrmOia. X Not firm or sound. 2. Weak;
irresf^nte. 3. Not solid or stable ; precarloua.
8yn.— Debilitated: alckly; feeble; decrepit; weak.
iB-flnii'A-rT i-^^h ^ i'' infirmerUy LU in/lrmo-
fia.] A homitaj, or place for the infirm or alck.
iB-flnBl-nr (-l-ty)i a. 1. The being infirm ; feeUe-
neas; debilitated sUte. 2. A fndltyTdefect.
Sjn.— Defect ; diaeaae ; malady. Bee DisiLrrr.
lB-ttBly« odv. In an infirm manner.
la-fll IB^mi. a. Infirmity; feebleneaa.
iB-fIa' (•fTkaOt f . /. [L. inllgtre^ -Jlxum, pref. in- In
-\-Jfgen to fix.] 1. To aet ; to fasten <»■ fix by piercing
or thrusting In. 2. To impi%nt or fix ; to inculcate.
HfllWt^ (.fiiat'), V. L VL. If^mmore, -matum;
pnf. in- -j-Ztamma flame.1 L To set on fire ; to ouise
proTo
tion. or swelling, of (the eyes.
To grow'morbioly hot, congested, or pain-
To kindle or Intensify (pas-
4. To pro-
to bom, flame, <»■ glow.
alon or appetite). 3. To proTolce to anger.
dnce morlMd heat, congeati<
etc.). — V. i. Togrowmorl^,
ful : to become ansry or Incensed. — In-fliuil'flr, n.
Syn* —To prorcuEe ; fire ; kindle ; irritate ; arouse.
lB-flam'BUhttlt(-flIm'm*-bn),a. 1. Capable of being
aaaOy aet on fire ; combustible. 2. Excitable ; irritable.
-UktUaarauM^amMy Jm-fUmfrntk-ltyitf, n.
iB'fUUB-IBaftka (Tn'fiim-mi'sh&n), n. 1. An infiam-
iag, IdndBng, or setting on fire ; state of being inflamed.
2. Redneaa Mod swelling of any part of an anunal body,
with lieat and pain. 3. Paaaion ; turbulence.
lB-fUfli'lUhtO>rr (-film'mA-tt-rj^), a. 1. TOnding to in-
flame or irritate. 2. Tending to excite auger ; aeditioua.
IlHlato' (Tn-flit^ r. /. & i. To dihite ; to expand.
IMIal*^, lA-flAt'td (-flit/M), a. 1. Filled, as with
air or gaa : distended. 2. Turgid ; pompous.
Mu^ttal, a. 1. An inflating or being inflated. 2.
The being puffed up, as with pridis ; conceit ; ranity.
(Tn-flOctO* V, t. [L. infieeUre^ -fiaemn ; pref.
<a- +>l«nEer« to Iwud.] 1. To turn from a direct line ;
tobenid. 2. To rary (a noun or verb) in Ita terminaticma ;
to decline (a noun or adjectlTe) or conjugate (a verb).
iB^M^ttOS (-flSk'ah&n), a. 1. An hiflecUng, or be-
ing inflected. 2. A bend; fold; twiat. 3. A slide,
modulation, or accent of tlte Toice. 4. Variation wliich
worda undergo to mark case, gender, number, compari-
son, tense, person, mood, voice, etc— Ill-fl«l/tkMI-Al, a.
In^toOtlT* (-tnr), a. 1. Capable of , or pertaining to,
inflection; deflecting. 2. Inflectional; changing in
form, to mark caae, tense, etc ; subject to inflection.
Ill-fl«Sl-ttto(-fiSksa-b*l},a. [Ij^infexOrilU.^ l.Not
capable of being bent ; stiff ; unyieloiiw. 2. Firm in
pnrpoee; not to be altered. — In-flezl-llto-lMMt I&-
fl«rl-Ull-ty, n. -in-ftail-lily. adv.
Syn. — Rigid ; inexorable ; pertinacious ; obstinate.
In-flczflOll (-flSk'shfin), n. Infiection.
In-fUof (-fiTktOt V. t. [L. i^fiigerty -Jtidum ; pref. ia-
in, on -f fligere to atrilce. j To cause l^ striking ; to ap-
]^ forcibly ; to lay or impose ; to cause to l)ear or suffer.
m-IUo^mi (-filk'shfin), a. 1. An inflicting or im-
poalng. 2. Puniahment, diagrace, calamity, etc.
IMUollV* (-tTT), a. [F. inflieii/.'} Cauaing inflio-
tion ; acting aa an iufiiction.
fiitlO-l«t^O«M» (-fii-rSs^ssna), a. \J^ i^flortaeenM;
iwef. ia- -j- fivrtteert to begin to bloasom.1 1. A fiow-
ering; the unfolding of Uosaoma. 2. (a) Mode of
flowering ; arrangement and diaposition of flowers. (6)
Axia on which all the buda are flower buds.
laftn-WIM (Ttt'flfi-ens), n. [F. ; f r. L. inflwnMy -enH* ;
pref. <a- -{- fiuere to flow.] x. A briugiug about of an
effect by a gradual process ; agency wtiich affecta. 2.
Power arising from worth, intellect, wealth, etc ; ac-
knowledged ascendency, —v. /. To control or move ; to
modify, biaa, or sway ; to induce.
Syn*— Control; power; cliaracter; reputation.
In'flV-ailtlAl (-en'shal), a. Exerting or poosesaing
influence ; potent ; effective. — In^fla-Ml^tlAl-lyt adv.
V^nOrnfWk (-X&), a. [It] Epidemic naaal o
In^lUI' (-flttlu'), n. [L. injluere^ -ytuxwrn.] 1. a flow-
ing in. 2. A coming in ; infusion ; titat which oomea in.
in-lold' (-fSldO, V. t. [Written also en/old.-\ 1. To
wrap up or cover with tcM» ; te envelop ; to inclose ; to
involve. 2. To claap with the arms ; to embrace.
lA-fOfBI' (-ffirm'), v. t. [OF. enformer^ L. i^farmare ;
pref. ^ + /ormare to aiiape, fr. forma form.] 1. To
give form or life to ; to fashion. 2. To tell ; to en-
lighten. 3. To warn against anybody. —v. i. To tolL
Syn.— Tb acquaint; tell; teach; instruct; faahkm.
la-tem'Al, a. [Pref. <n- not + formal.^ Not hi reg^
uUur form ; without ceremony. — m-tani'U-ly, adv.
Ittfor-BUai-ty an'f9r-miai-t]h, a. 1. The being
informal ; want of regular form. 2. An Informal or un-
official proceeding; aomething not in proper form.
In-fOfm'ailt (•Idrm'ttnt), n. One who imparte infor-
mation or instruction.
&lfor-IIUltloll, n. [F.,fr. L.<n/orma/io.J 1. An in-
forming, or communicating intelligence. 2. News, ad-
vice, or Icnowledge. 3. A proceeding In the nature of a
proeecutlon for some offense against tlie government.
In-fOfBI'tir (-ffirm'Sr), n. 1. One who imparte knowl-
edge or newa. 2. One who informs of violraona of law.
U-frao'tlOO (-frik'shfin), n. [L. infractic; pref. ia-
•^/rangere to break.] A breaking ; breach ; violation ;
infringement. [fringes; violator; breaker.!
IB-Bafifor (•friOct'Sr), a. One who infracte or in-l
I&lnMBazil-U-ry (-fri-mlki/Tl-li-rj^), a. [Infra
beneath -f maxiUary.'X (a) Under the lower jaw ; sul>'
maxUlary. (b) Pertaining to the lower jaw.
iB-fllB'fl-llla (-frifa'jT-bl), a. [Pref. in- not + /
giUe.'} 1. Not capable of being broken or 8
parts. 2. Not to be infringed or violated.
Ia-tr«'«Mllt (-f rSOcwent), a. [h. infrequent. Ik- not.
1 catarrh.
into
fSm, recMit, 6rb| ryda, ffU, Urn, tiPad, tdbt, oat, oil, obair, yo, aini;, iQk, ttien, tliin.
INFREQUENTLY
296
INHOSPITALITY
and FBBQUEirr.] Seldom happening; rare. — In-flV'*
qiiMiMy (TD-ffiaEwenfe.]j^), adv. — b-fra'aiMUM, In-
In-fllngO' (-frTnjOf V. ^ [L. i^fringere; pref. in- in
-|- /rangere to break.] To neglect to fulfill or obev. —
V. t. 1. To break some contract, rule, or law ; to oflend.
2. To trespass. --Iii-fllll'g«r(-frTu'j8r),n.
In^fmi-^QlKa-lar (In'i&u^TVtl-lSr), ) a. naving the
In/fnn-dtlKv-late (-tt-lit). ] form of a fun-
nel ; pertaininff to an inf unoibulum.
II Ill'flin-dtlra-llim (-tt-lSm), n. [L., a funnel, fr.
in/undere to pour in or into. See Iktubb.] A funnel-
shaped or dilated ormn or part.
In-fnll-Ato (-fu'rl-at), V. t. [It in/uriatOt p. p. of
in/uriare; pref. in- (L. in) 4-/iirrfafury, h./uria.'} To
exasperate, —a. Enraged ; furiously angry.
In-fOM' (-fu*')» "• '• [L. in/undere^ -fusum; pref.
in- -j-fundere to pour.] 1. To pour in, as a liquid ; to
pour (Into or upon) ; to shed. 2. To instill (princifdes
or qualities) ; to introduce. 3. To inspire ; to inspirit or
animate: to fllL 4. To steep in water or other fluid
wiUiout i)oiIing, in order to extract medicinal qualities.
Ill-fll'rt-lllll-t7(-fu'xI-bTlT-ty),n. [Fr.infiue.l Ca-
pability of being Infused, poured in, or instilled.
iB-ta'li-lllll-ty, t). [Pref. in- not -{-futihUityJ] Inca-
pability or difSeulty of being fused, melted, oroissolved.
Ill-fn'li-Ue (-fu^zT-bn), a. [Fr. inf\ue.\ Capable of
being Infused.
Iii-fa'8i-Ue, a.
[Pref. in- not + fu9ibie.'\ Not fusl-
ble ; incimable or difficult of fusion, or of being dissolved.
In-fn'non (-fu'zhfin), n. 1. An infusing, pouring in,
or instilling; instillfttion. 2. That which is infused;
suggestion ; inspiration. 3. (a) A steeping or soaking
any medicinal substance in water in order to extract its
Tirtues. (6) Liquid extract obtained by this process.
II In^fn-M/rl-A (Tn'f A-sS^rT-A), n. pi. [NL. ; — so called
because found in infutions left exposed to the air.] One
of the minute classes of Protozoa, found in all seas, lakes,
ponds, and streams, as well as in infusions of organic
matter exposed to the air, and distinguished by having
vibrating lashes or cilia, with which they obtain food and
swim about. — Ill'fa-8(Kli-«l, a.
In-San'ar-Ate (-jjSn^r-tt), a. [L. ingenerare^ -atvm.
See ENOBNOsa.] Generated within ; inborn ; innate. —
V. t. To generate within ; to engender ; to cause.
In-ffeill011S (-JSn'yQs), a. [L. ingeniostut^ fr. inge-
n^tim innate quality, genius.! 1. PosMSsed of genius, or
the faculty of invention ; skAlf ul to invent. 2. Proceed-
ing from, or characterised by, genius or ingennity ; of
curious design. 3. Witty : shrewd ; adroit. — Ill-S«ll'-
toDS-lieMj lil^S*-ll1l'i-t7 (Tn'jS-nnT-ty), n.
8yn. — iKOBinnTT ; Clbvibkbss ; Inventiveness ; skill :
onnning ; genius. — Ingenuity is a form of genius, and
cleremess of talent. The former implies invention, the
latter dexterity and readiness of execution.
In-gan'll-OlU (-JSn'tt-fis), a. [L. ingenuut inborn, no-
ble, frank ; pref. in- -}- root of gignere to beget.] 1. Of
honorable extraction; freebom. 2. Noble; generous.
3. Free from reserve or dissimulation ; open ; frank.
Syn. — Imobnitous ; Opbn ; Fbakk ; unreserved ; art-
less ; plain ; sincere ; candid ; fair ; noble ; generous. —
One Who is open speaks out at once whnt is uppermost in
his mind : one who in frank does it from a natural bold-
newi, or dislike of self -restraint ; one who is inatnumi*
is disposed to confess faults, and make known his sdtati-
ments without reserve. See Candid.
In-glO^-OlU (-glS'rT-Qs), a. X. Not glorious; not
bringing honor, fame, or celebrity; olMCure; humble.
2. Shameful; ignominious. — In-glO^M-OIIA-ly, arfr.
In'ffOt On'K^t), n. [Prob. fr. AS. in in -f- ge6tan to
pour.j A bar of ste^l, gold, etc., cast in a mold.
In-gnff (-grWf), V, t. [Written also engraft.'] 1. To
insert (a scion of one plant) in another for propagation ;
to introduce so as to make a part of something. 2. To
furnish (a tree) with grafts or scions ; to graft.
fn'srallf (Tn'griiP or f n-gxinOi ^- '• [Written alao
engram.] 1. *"
Xn'gnSB' (Tn^grin^), a. [Pref . m- In -f pm^" kermea.]
I>ved before manufacture, — said of material of a teztOtt
fabric; thoroughly inwrought.— ». An Ingrain fabric,
aa a double or two^ly oaipeC
n'griu' or In-gri
To dye with grain or kermes. 2. To dye
in the grain, or before manufacture. 3. To work into
tlie natural texture of ; to saturate ; to imbue.
la'gxmto' (Tn'graf ), n. [L. ingratus.] An nngrateftol
or thanklcM person.
In-gxmtl-ato (-gri'shT-at), V. t. [Praf. <». in + I^
gratia favor.] To bring into favor ; to insinuate.
In-gxmtl-tlda (-grit^-tud), n. \¥. ; L. inaraiitudo.']
Want of gratitude ; unthankiulnesa ; ungratefulneM.
In-gre^dl-eat (•grS'dT-^nt), n. [F. ingrSdient, L. m-
gredienSf -enti*, p. pr. of ingrtdi, -grt**v$y to go ii.to.] A
component part of any mixture ; element ; constituent.
In'graM (Tn'grSs), n. [L. ingrediy -greutu."} "L An
entenng; entrance. 2. Power or liberty of acceae.
In-gTM'liOII (-grCsh'iin), n. Entrance.
In'flll-IIAl (Tn'gwT-nal), a. [L. inguinaliSf fr. ingue»t
^guinis^ the groin.] Pert, to the inguen or groin.
In-Cllir (Tn-gUfO, V. t [Written also engul/.l Tto
swallow up in a gulf ; to cast into a gulf.
In-luill^ (-hlhrrt), v. t. [of. enhabUer^ L. inhahi-
tare; pref. <n- -|- habUare to dwelL] To live in ; to occupy
as a place of settled residence. [able, i
In-lMbl-U-bl*, a. Capable of being tehabited ; habit.|
In-lulblt-aBOe (-ons), \n. 1. An Inhabiting, or
In-llAblt-aB-cy (-on-^), ) being inhabited; residence.
2. Legal right to privileges of an inhabitant.
In-kabit-aBt, n. Permanent dweller in a place.
In-lMll^-ftllOII, n. An inhabiting ; dwelling.
In-lublt-A-ttvv-iwM (Tt-i-tTv-iSfe), In-luMt-tv^
nMHI (-Tv-nSs). n. Propensity to permanent residence in
a place or abode ; love of home. [inhaled. I
IHlUI-Umon (-hi-irshfin), M. An inhaling ; what is |
In-hale' (-hnO, v. t. [L. inhalare ; pref. in- + halnre
to breathe.] To draw into the lungs ; — opp. to exhale.
In-llAl'tf, n. 1. One who inhales. 2. An apparatus for
inhaling vapor or flltering air.
lalua-mmklc (-hXr-n^lk), ) a, 1. Not harmo-
In^bAr-moilfio-al (-T-kffl), > nious; unmusical;
IH^llAr-IIIO^-OIIS (-mS'nT-Qs), ) discordant; disso-
nant. 2. Conflicting ; jarring ; not in harmony.
In-ben' (-hSrQt v. i. [L. inhaerere ; pref. in- hn 4
haerere to atick, hang.] To be inherent ; to stick (tn);
to cleave (to) ; to belong, aa attributes or qualities.
In-har'ttlix, a. Permanently existing in something ; in-
separably connected; innate; inalieniu>le. — Ul-lMr'aBt-
ly, adv, ^la-lMi^eiioe, la-har'Mi-cy, n.
Syn. — Innate ; inseparable ; essential ; Indispensable
In-hmrlt (-hSr^t), v. L [of. enherOer to appoint as an
heir, L. inheredHare ; pref. in- + heret heir.] X To take
by inheritance. 2. To receive by birth ; to derive from
ancestors. 3. To come into poaseraion of ; to own. — r. <.
To take or hold a possession or rights by inheritance. —
In-barit-or, n. — Kn-lMrttHPeMi, m-lmftt-rts, n. /.
In-hertt-A-Ue, a. 1. Capable of being inherited ; de-
scendible. 2. Capable of being transmitted from parent
to child. — In-borlt-A-Uy, adv.
In-lMI^-AllM, n. 1. An hiheriting. 2. That which is
inherited, or passes by descent. 3. Ownerdiip; scqul^tion.
In-he'slim (-hS'zhan), n. [L. inhaetio.] Inherence.
In-]llblt (-hTbat), V. t. [L. inkibere, -hihiivm ; pref.
in- in -f habere to have, hold.] 1. To check ; to re-
strain. 2. To forbid ; to interdict. — In-lllb'l-tQr, n.
In'llMli'tlOll (hT-bTsh'nn), n. An inhibittng, or beii«
inhibited ; restraint ; prohibition ; embaxgo.
In-llfM-tO-ry (-hYb^.t«-Tf ), a. Prohibitory.
In-lUMKpl-U-Ue (-h8e;;pT-ti-bn), a. l. Not hospitable
to strangers or guMts. 2. Affording no shelter or suste-
nance ; barren ; wild.— In-lUM^pl-UHAy, ad^.^lnrJUt^'
pl-U-blo-naw, In-borpl-tal^ty, n.
S, 8, 1, 5, U, long ; A, 6, 1, 5, 0, tt short ; lantte, Svent, tdea, dbey, ftnlte, oAre, l&nn, Aak, «]!, fhuO.
INHUMAN
297
INNUMERABLE
'mtat (Tn-hu'nMm), a. [L. imhumanus,! Desti-
tote of humanity or kintLoew; crueL — lA-hnOBAII-ly,
adv. -Itt'lm-iiuuil-ty (mfaa-ty), «.
Syn. — Cruel ; nnfeeUng ; iMtiieas ; meroUeas ; MtTVe.
U-Jra'nute (-mit), v. t. pL mhumaret •matum.'} To
Inhume. —In^Jra-nurtloii, n.
In-lllim*' (-hum'), V. t. [F. inhumer.'} To depodt (a
dead body) In the earth ; to bury ; to inter.
fn-tml-oal (-Im^-kal), a. [L. inimieaiU, fr. inimictu
hostile ; pref . in- not 4- amicus friendly.] 1. Haring the
diapoaition of an enemy ; unfriendly. 2. Oppoaed in
tendency or effecta ; repugnant. — In-lllll-<Ml-l|rt adv.
In-lllll-U-ble (-T-tA-bM), a. Not capable of being im-
" ' ; matchleaa.— In-lm'l-ta-
,Iii-liii'lu-lill'l-ty,i».
Characteriaed by in-
_ _ d-tofls-ly, adv.
'Syh.— IxiQcrrous ; Wickkd ; Nbvabious ; unrighteona ;
criminAl. — Wicked ia the generic term. JniauHout ia
■trouger, denoting a riolation of the rights of othera. Jfe-
fariciu impliea a oreach of sacred obligationa.
In-lq'Oi-ty, n. [F. iniquUSt L. iniquitat^ inequality,
Injustice.] 1. Absence of Just dealing ; wickedneaa. 2.
An iniquitous act or thing ; a sin ; crime.
In-VtUd (Tih'ol), a. [L. inUialis, fr. inUium begin-
ning, fr. inire to enter ; pref. in- in + ire to go.] 1. Pert,
to the beginning ; commencing. 2. Standing at the head,
^fi. First letter of a word or name. — Ill-l'tlal-ly, adv.
In-l'U-Ato (-T-it), V. t. [L. initiare, -atum.^ 1. To in-
troduce by a first act ; to originate ; to begin. 2. To in-
struct in the rudiments or principles. 3. To admit to a
aacret order with mysterious ceremonies.— a. Begun;
introduced to, or instructed In, the rudiments ; newly ad-
mitted. — n. One iniUated. — In-ltl-A'tor, n.
In-I'tl-A'tleil, n. 1. An hiitiaUng, or being Initiated or
introduced. 2. Rite of admission.
In-l'tl-a-tlTO (-i-tTv), a. Senring to Initiate ; prelimi-
nary.—n. 1. Introductory step. 2. Right or power to
Introduce a new course of action.
In-l^a-tO-ry (-i-t^-ri^), a. l. Suitable for a begin-
v3mg ; introductory ; prefatory. 2. Tending or aerving to
iniuate ; introducing by instruction ; elementary.
Ift-jMf (-JSktO, v> '• [I^ injicerey Rectum : pref. in-
-i-jaeere to throw.] 1. To throw in. 2. To fill (a Teasel,
earity, or tissue) with a fiuid, etc. — Ill-Jaofor, n.
I&>|MKtloa (-jSk'shlin), n. 1. An injecting or throw-
ing in. 2. That which is injected ; esp., a liquid medicine
thrown into a cavity of the body by a syring? ; enema.
la'ta-dFolOlU (jtt-dlsh'li)), a. Not judlcioua. — lo'-
fa-di'oloiiB-ly, ndv. — Inia-di'otoiii-iieu, n.
Syn. —Indiscreet ; incautious ; unwise ; rash.
m-Jaao'tlOll (-jaQli'sh&ii), n. [Li. injunction fr. in-
htngere, -Junelum^ to join into, to enjoin. J 1. An enjoin-
mg ; a directing or prohibiting. 2. An order ; mandate ;
d^ection. 3. A writ or process, granted by a court, re-
qntriTiT n ji^Tty t" f1f» f^r to rofmin finm doing certain acts.
In'l nra ( ln'i^r i 2 u * ' . ' l- ' ■ ■.? ■ ■ ■ ' ■ ^, fr. injuria in-
iuTy] To^l'J Iki^nn I'Jj t> tiurr la Jiir-«r, n.
^Vtt» - Tfi irtHiJli hirui; wri'iit; ; iv i*"); affront.
iJn.']a'rl-0D4 (-Ju'ff~il-«)*'J- ' i l-Lhi, Mjuryorharm. —
tft-)a'rl-ati4 ly, 'vft\ - la-Ju^itou* negs, n.
9*fn^ - K.Lrrafkil ; hurtful; penn in is mischieTona.
Inimrf (lu'itt-rl), H, [L. titj'ir>..-. 5? . injnrius; pref.
^li- nut -\- jptji, ji'urr>, riglit, lavr, ii]i^Ei<'*% | Damage done
%a I, p4<mi?u or t liinif ; t^iAl whlrli hijiir^-J.
Bth, - H^rm ; luirt ; damftffe ; vtTOng ; eTil ; Injustice.
In Ins'tlcii { Jfl -'il B ) , n . [ r, ; L. ivj ■ ^/i/i<i.] 1. Want
of jiiMiLC -mJ eimity; Thjlatioiiot thu righta of othera;
wrong ; unfairness. 2. Unjust act ; sin ; crime ; wrong.
Ink (Tnk), n. [OF. enque, L. encatutum red ink with
which Roman emperors signed edicts, Gr. iyKav<myi f r.
iyKOiCivto bum in.] A fluid preparation used in writing
or printing. —V. t. To put Ink upon.
Wthan^ (-hdmO, n. Small bottle made of bom,
larmerly used for holding ink ; inkstand.
Inkl-BtM aaka-dSa), n. A being inky ; blackneaa.
InnOlnc (Ts'kllug), It. [OE. inclen to hint ; of. Dan.
ymte to wHiaper.1 A hint ; intimation.
Ink'ftand' (Tgk'stiad'), n. Small Toaael for holdfaig
ink, to dip the pen into. ink ; Uack.T
Ink'y (Sh a* Consisting of, or like, hik ; soiled with|
In-UlM' (in-lSs'), V. /. [Pref. tn- + /ace.] To work in,
aa lace ; to embellish with work like lace ; to enlace.
Inland (Tn^land), a. 1. Within the land : remote
from the ocean or open water ; interior. 2. Limited to
the land ; not pasaing on, or over, the sea. 3. Confined
to a cotmtry or state ; domestic —n. Interior part of a
country. ^ adv. Away from the coaat.
In-UT' (Tn-liOf V- '• "^o ^y within ; to inaert (piecea
of pearl, iyonr, choice woods, etc.) in a groundwork of
other material ; to adorn with inaertiona. — In-lAy'tf, n,
Itttay (TuHaO, »• Matter inlaid for ornament.
In1*t (Tn^et), n. 1. A passage for entering an in-
closed plaice ; entrance. 2. A bay, aa in the shore of a
sea, lake, or river ; narrow strip of water running into
the land or between islanda.
Inly (-1^), a. [AS. in/ie.] Internal ; interior ; secret.
— <ufv. Tutemally ; within ; In the heart.
In'nuUv' (-rait'), n. [In- -f mate an aasociate.] One
living with another ; occupant of an asylum, prison, etc.
Inlnort' (-m5*t/), rt. ' — •
tnn« within, fr. in in.] Deepest within ; innermost.
/ (-mJM/), a. [AS. innemest, double auperL f r.
(Tn), n. [AS. tn, tnn, house, inn, fr. in in.] A
house for lodging travelers ; tavern ; hotel.
Inliato (tn'ult or In-nitOt a. [L. innatus ; pref. ifi-
in -f- nateiy nalu*, to be bom.] Inborn ; native ; naturaL
— Inliat»-ly, adv. — In'nate-nMS, n.
In'ntr (In'nSr), 0. [AS. innera^ compar. fr. inne
within, fr. in in.] 1. Further in; not outward. 2. Per-
taining to the sinrit or Its phenomena.
InfMr-most' (-mOsf), a. [Cormp. of inmotl due to
infiuence of inner. See IimoeT.] Farthest inward.
In'nlng, n. [AS. innung^ fr. in in.] State of being
in ; turn of a player or aide at the bat ; time of a per-
son, or party. In power.
In'no-oanoe (-ni-sens), n. [F. ; L. <nnocen/<<i.] 1. The
being innocent ; harmlessneas ; blaraelessnesa. 2. Sim-
plicity; artlessness; Ingenuousness.
In'no^Mtt-oy {-wn^\ n. Innocence.
la'no-orat (-s«nt), o. [F. ; L. innocent, -entis; pref.
in- not -f- noceiu, p. pr. of nocere to harm.] 1. Not
harmful; Innocuoua. 2. Not tainted with sin. 3. Freo
from the guilt of a particular offense. 4. Simple ; art-
leas ; foolish. 6. Lawful ; permitted. — n. 1. An In-
nocent person ; one free from guilt. 2. An unsophisti-
cated person ; child; simpleton. — In'nO-Otnt-ly, adv.
Sjn. — H\rmless: inoffensive; pure; upright.
In-noCn-OlU (-nSk'd-Iis), a. [L. innocnut; in- -f
nocttiM hurtful.] Harmless ; producing no ill effect. —
In-noo^-owhly, adv. — In-noo^-ons-nMS, n.
In'no-Tftte (-nft-vSt), v. t. [L. innovare, -vatum, to
renew ; pref. in- in -f- norus new.] ^». L To introduce
changes. — In'no-Tft'tor (-va'tSr), n.
In^no-Tfttton, n. 1. An innovating. 2. A change In
customs ; something new, and contrary to custom.
In-nozlOOS (-nSk'shlis), a. 1. Free from noxious qual-
ities or effect ; harmless. 2. Free from crime ; pure ; in-
nocent. — In-noxlons-ly, adp. — In-nraloas-naw, n.
In^nn-^n'dO (-nd-Sn'dift), n. [L., by intimation, by
hinting, gerund of innuere, -nutum, to intimate ; pref. in-
in, to 4- -nuere (in comp.) to nod.] An oblique hint.
8yn. — iNiruBNDO ; Iksinuation ; suggestion ; hint ; in-
timation ; reference : allusion ; implication ; representa-
tion. — An innuendo is an equivocal allusion so framed aa
to point distiuctljr at aompthing iniurious to the person
referred to. An insinuation consists in winding into the
mind injurious imputations t.ithout making any direct
charge.
In-nnlntr-a-Ue (-nu'm3r-i-b*l), a. [L. tnnnm^ra-
6tfu.] Not capable of being numbered, for multitude ;
fSm, reoMit, teh, r^de, f yll, Ikm, food, foibt, out, oil, oliair, ^, aingp, igk, then, thin.
INNUMERABILiry
298
INSENSIBLE
eoantlaaa. — In-BSlBOT-A-Uy (Tn-oifmSr-i-biy), achr.
— la-iMKiDW->-lH>-ntiBi In-ns^'iiMr-A-lilll-tyt n.
In'mi-trttlOII (Tu'ntt-trTsh'fin), n. Want of notri-
tiou. — b'na-til'tloni. In-im^-tlTt (-nu'trT-tTv), a.
b-OOni-Ute (-5k'A-lit), v. t. £L. inoculate^ 4atumt
to ingraft; pref. m- in, on -f oculore to fumiah wltli
eyes, fr. oculut eye, bud.1 1. To bad ; to inaert, or
mf t (the bod of a tree or plant) in another tree or plant.
2. To communicate a diaeaae to (a penon) by inaerting in-
fectious matter in the fleah. See Vaocihatb. — v. i. 1.
To graft by inserting buda. 2. To communicate diieaae
by inoculation. — lOr^&Xk-WtUm, n. — In-OO^-Utor, n.
-_ _.- , — .• - V «.... . ._^ or smell.
no offenae
In-O'dor-OllS (-O'dSr-Os), a. Without odor or smell.
In'cf-toll'ltTe (-Of-ffo^Tv), a. 1. OiTin; nc
or proTocation ; causing no annoyance. 2.
h^oi'im'wkw-lr, adv. —h^ti-iut'wlh
ring no ofxense
I. Harmlesa.—
In'ef-fl'Oial (-fTah'al), a. Not official ; not baring of-
ficial authority or f orm. — In'et-ll'Oial'ly, adv.
Bjn, — Prirate ; informal ; unauthorised ; Irrignlar.
In-op'tir-A-tlTt (-9p^r-t-tTv), a. Not operatiTO ; not
actire ; producing no effect.
Ill-Op'por-tniM'C-pOr-tunOtO. Not opportune ;inooii-
▼enient; unseasonable. — In-op'por-tlUM'ly, adv.
In-or'dl-lUlto (•dr'dT-ntt), a. [L. inardinattu disor-
dered.] Not limited to rules or usual bounds : exoeaslTe.
— In-or'dl-iuite-ly , adv. — In-or'dl-iuite-iitM, n.
In'or-ganlo (-giu^k), a. Not organic ; without
TDs necessary for life ; devoid of organised stmcture.
-Ot'on-Uto (-Qsnttt-lit), v.i, & t. [Pref. in- in +
otculaie.} 1. To unite by apposition or contact (two
tubular Teasels at their extremities). 2. To intercom-
municate ; to iuterjoin. — iB-OS'Oll-lil'tloa, n.
In'aiiast (TnOEwSst), n. [OE. & OF. engueHe, LL.
inquesto, fr. L. inquirert^ -quuitum. See InQuas.] (a)
Judicial inquiry ; oiScial examination, (fr) A body of men
legally assembled to inquire into any matter, oItU or
criminal, eap. a <»se of violent death ; a Jurv ; a coroner's
Jury, (e) The finding of the Jury upon sucb baqniry.
In-avlVtlld* (-kwi^.tSd), n. [L inov^uJo.] Die-
turbed state ; uneasiness of body or mind ; disquietude.
In-qidre' (•kwir'), v. i, [of. enquerre^ L. inauirere^
-quisitHm ; pref. in- in 4- quaerere to aeek J [Written
also enquire. "^ X. To ass a question. 2. To make ex-
amination.—f. t. To seek to know by aaldng. — In-
qvlr'er, n. [Written also enqnirer.']
Syn. — To ask ; quesUoo. See QunnoH.
U-qillr^ (-kwir^), n. [Writt4>n also enquiry.^ 1.
An inquiring ; interrogation. 2. Search for truth or
knowledge ; research ; hiTestigation.
Sjn. — Interrogation ; question : query : scrutiny.
In/qnt-attton (Tn'kwT-zTsh'fiu), n. [L inquisUio.l
1. An inquiry ; search. 2. (a) Judicial inquinr ; inquest
(fr) The finding of a Jury. 3. A Roman CathMic tribunal
for punishing heretics. — Ill'qill-aitlOIMd, a.
In-qvlsl-tiTe (-kwTxT-tTv), a. 1. Disposed to aak
questions, esp. in matters which do not concern the in-
quirer. 2. OiTen to examination or research ; curioua.
— Iii-qiilst-ti¥»-ly, adv. — in-qnlsl-ttTe-iMis, n.
Syn. — iHQUisrnvB ; Curious : Pryiho ; inquiring :
meadliiig ; intrusive. — CurioM denot(>s a feeling, and
inquiitiUve a habit. We are cttriotu when we desire to
learn something new ; we are inquitUive when we set
ounielveB to gain it by inquiry. Prying implies inquisi-
timiexs, and desire to penetrate into secrets of others.
In-qnll^-tor (-tSr), n. [L.] 1. One charged to
examine and inquire, as coroners, sheriffs, etc. 2. A
member of the Roman Catholic Court of Inqnisition.
Ill^1llS/l.toni-ftl (-tS'rT-al), a. [F.] Pertaining to in-
quisition ; making rigorous and unfriendly inquiry.
InToad' (Tn'rSdOi n. Entrance of an enemy into a
country; raid; encroachment
Syn. — Invasion ; incursion : irruption. See ImrASioir.
In^M-lalnl-iniB (-sA-lti'brT-lis), a. [L. insnlubri*.}
Not salubrious ; unwholesome. — In'M-llllirl-ty, n.
iB-flUie' (-rfkoO, a. " "
1. Not sane ; mad ; deranged In
sinys^"-
mbad, 2. Used by fnaane persons. S. Charaoterteed by
gross f<dly ; chimerioal ; unpraeticaL — Tn ■■■•iT. adv.
iB-MUrl-ty (-rinT-tj^), n. The being insane ; hmacy.
Syn. — InAirmr ; Luhact : Madhkss ; DnLuraBOHT ;
Aubnation; Abbbsatioh; Mahia; DsLnauii; Vwonri
Monomaioa: DsmimA.— /juoni/y is the generic term
for all such disesses ; tunaev has now an eaual extent ci
meaning, though once used to denote periodical insanity ;
madneu originally referred to the rage created by toe
disease ; derangernent. aberration, alienation^ are popular
terms for insanity : detirium, mania^ and frensy denote
excited states of the disease ; dementia, loss of mental
power ; monomania, insanity npon a single subject
la-MlHa-ldA (-a'sh44>n or -shT-A-bn), a. [F. ; L.
inmtia&ili*.} Not satiable; very greedy. — In-Mllft-
ViB-nmMyn.-~UHlAtU-hi7.adr.
Ift^M'tt-At* (-aUT-tt). a. (h. insaliatus.} Insatiable.
b'M-tFo-ty (Tn'st-ti't-tJ^), n. Insatiableness.
In-flOrfbt' (-skriy), V. t. [L. iMcribere.} 1. TO
write or engrave ; to imprint 2. To mark with letters
or words. 3. To assign or address to ; to dedicate. ^
To draw (one figure) within (another). — bHMOllKtr, n,
In-anmkn (-skrTn'sh&n), n. 1. An inscribing. 2.
That which is inscribed ; something written or engraved.
3. An address or informal dedication.
In-Mdp^Tt (4Tv), a. Bearing inscription.
lB-Mni'U4fle(-skri|aA-b*l),a. [L.Mi«crHtofrifi«.] Un-
searchable; incomprehensible. — In ■firiH lilt iiiiM.
In inu^u-liill-ty, n. — IB-Mninft-Uy, ad*.
Itt'MOt Cit/tekt), n. [F. inteete, L. tnjecfwm, fr. m-
tecare to cot in ; — orig. a
name for certain small ani-
mals, whose bodies I4>pear
cut in^ or almost divuied.
Cf. Emtomoloot.] 1. An
articulate animal divided
into three disUnct parts; 0'\
esp., one of the Hexapoda,
or animals having one pair
of antennae, three palra of {
mouth oigaas, and oreath-
ing air by tracheae opening
along the sides of the body.
2. Any air-breathing arthro-
pod, as a spider or scor-
pion. 3. Any small crus-
tacean. ^ A contemptible
ferson or thing. — a. 1.
ertaining to insects. 2.
Small ; mean ; ephemeraL
11 In'Mo-ttT'0-ni (-sSk-
tTv'4-rA),n./>;. [NL.,fr.L.
in^ectum + vorare to de-
vour.] 1. An order of mam-
nuda which feed prindpslly
upon insects, including
moles, shrews, hedgehogs,
tanreos, and other allied
>«iwimi« 2. A division of the Cheiropteraj Including
insect-eating bats. tsectivora.T
In-MO^-VOrt (-aSktl-vSr), ». [F.l One of the In- 1
In'MO-tlT'O-fOlM (-tlT'6-
rlis), a. Feeding on insects.
lB^MKrar»'(sl-kur'), a. 1.
Not secure ; distrustful ; sus-
picious. 2. Not effectually
protected ; unsafe. — In'S*-
Cor«ay,«<fr.--la'n*-«i^ty(-kn'rT-t3^),n.
In-Mn'Mto (-sSn'att), a. [L. inMnsatvs.\ Wanting
sensibility ; destitute of seme ; stupid ; foolish.
In-fl«n'Si-llll1-ty(-sT-btinr-t]^),n. 1. Abehiginsend-
ble ; want of sendbility ; torpor ; unconsciousness. 2.
Want of tenderness or susceptibility ; dullness; stupidity.
Syn. — Dulhieas; numbness; stupidity; apathy.
In-lMl'll-1ll0(-^-b*l),a. ih. mMenM>aU.'\ l.Lackhig
An luMCt ( one of the Or.
thoptera.
a Antenna ; 6 Eye* i c Head i
d Antrnnr L«g»: e Prothoraxt
/McMithorax ; oMetatbonx ;
k Middle Le|r»( i Pbvtrrior
Winy* ; o Anterior or Firal
Winn» J J Posterior Left \ k
Abdomen I { Tibia : m Tartua.
InsccUvore ; a Shrew {So-
rex Jliomaomi}. (|)
I, », 1, 5, tt, long ; A, «. 1, 5, ft, ^ Short ; i«2le, «v«l^ Idea, 5bey, tlnlte, cAre, lirm, Ask, fin, final.
INSENSIBLY
299
INSTALLATION
fa perettttB, 3. Vuid at f««Utijr. 3. Incap^blfl of
po^WTvd by th& A4diLH>A; impercai^ibLe* ; tiaw, —
IfrMD'Slrblf aii'iiin'4l-b]f ). itdf'r
IS J 11^ - DrilJ ; Etupid ; uuxnb ; indlfffKillt ; bArd.
m-i^H'^ti^Dt (-Mlil^iit ti^r n>bf ijt)« fi. ?Jot eeuti^ul ; not
htk^in^i [K*rcH'|itii..HH, of fwJwFr oi Juiro^ptigu.
Mwa rabU'l-ty, p*. — In •«B'a-rft My, ^'<ii .
In -^ M^rrrf ta iotii.] To net, or put. into ^ lo intrtsduce.
llB^tl'ttOtll (-^r4ha£)), H' 1. Ad ini«rt!ii|r. 2h K
b«ifif L[u«rtdeti1 tir bttft€hed> 3. Tbnit wJiich U «t ia,
M.th. A Btrfp ^f f^iiibraidrrr<l [hc^^ iDtidlUi^ vK^*
In'MS-ftO'riral 0ti'«es-*5'rT*«l), n. [Pr. U ifLiidtTt,
im4f^if*ifA^ to ("it o4i.] Fiart. to^ or luYlbg t^K ch^ribcter
flf, inpTchinji binl^
Itt'Ut (Tin'^sit), iu &inietbJTi|r vt in ; lim^rtioD^
tn'lldff^ i -ithV^f pf^pv (If fifir. W ill L in i\\^ aicifti ^[ ; cdn-
tafuvit vritbiii- — a. L Bein^ wiOdii ; IntrniaL 3. Ad-
■ptp4 to the liit«TtOT. ^»* 1. Interior portion ; coDtent.
3. p/. T)ifi inward narta ; eiitrnMn; bowebi.
lniiflT'OIll ('«ifii'T'^lU)i <u [Lv imtiitiomu^ fr. intidine
«nkr»iuih : fnrvr. ia^ -f 4iwif«'rfi to dit.] Lrlun' in '^TtXi \ iJ/-
Sf h. - Oraltjr; wily; artful ; *\y : .l(wi»|itlva.
I&'alSl^t (,Ii/4t'), n. 1. Siffht i>I the interior \ latrc-
Bp&^ti^n. 2^ PDw^r of 4cut« obBorvLtion ; peuetration.
In-alfllJ-a (-arg^nT-A), n. pi. [L. mtif/nt* pK fn Jtf^iliv^
ff. iTiJTijiilsi ilintlujftiishtMi by A mnrk: prnf. in- In -+- *f-
^rpfA iifei^.] UUtiii^iii.(ihiuj; uiarltA l b«d|^Q« ; t^^kiStiik
lasfx-alfl-ouit (-nrf'T-k'iTit)t (t/ l. Kotflij^nlUcuit;
oi«4iiiiig1«ie. % Hjviiig rto wui|(;}it orefTect ; valuel«A« ;
fulU#, 3^ Me^ii r ciit;r(fmph'b|p - In iil^-allH Atnt-lr,
o'f f^ — In y^-nlfl-auiM. In >lg'iUl't'CAA cy. n.
Sf^n* - UiJivitp-jftint ; trii'lai; iinr'-iji ; i-H?iiEPtnv»tibl(*.
Ia sin - oar*' i - ^l 1 1 - j^i* r' ), ^r , [ L. tnMinrmtJi .] Xi ft hi iicene.
— In ain-Mroly, ^. -- la'Aln-osr'J-ty (-ftet-T tj), r».
8iii* Iti-i'^^'^Tii^ilJEi^; hallow; drceitf iii :; faliw.
Ia-iln'n-at6 ( -^l n'H -it l, r. '- [I* Oti in u rn r , ^^ Ef ni , to
IziKnitJit^ i pTT'f'^ '"'!'< iti 4- jeinuM ttosom.] 1. Tu iutrodure
Hutly or artfulij; to {iwtilL 3~ To bin t- 3- T» work
(one'ii «U)| ** Into fftvor; to iii|frfltLcita. — r. i'. 1. To
j^rfi^p, wiiidf of flaw In | toduter ift-utlv or imtH^rcfiiiiibly^
1. To in^rT4tiat« on^'i wif. — In-slii'ti-ft t<tf , n.
Sjrn, — To instil) ; bJnt ; »i]jrK«'At ; intim&Ui.
In-lla'U-l'ttnOt ^* lu. An juAinuntln^^ 2* A ^Iniii^
Jnfl'ti'uc^ by ifuutJr* or artful iu«ajui. 3. Art or pfjwiyr of
l^niii^ gijoA will by A prvpo<uie«tii||7 inftuner. 4. Soioe-
thin^ id&tniijLt«M[ ; hint ; »UKgi^\ofi by diftant Hliu^ioti.
8]rD* - Hifit ; [iLtimMiuit : «uK(;«»t,ton. Sr« iNffrxNPO.
to-linll-a-tlTO {-i'tTv), ri, 1, SteiUlu^ Into ttie cou^-
drttrffl OT EilTf^ictiaiiJi. 2. uIvIdk l^iutd ; iiuiniiiitiniif.
tn-vX^iA {**tfQ'^\ Ah [1j- inniftithtx ; prpf. i»- not +
tttpiftu^ fa,xciT\,. It . unpFff i<^ XvA^f,^ X- Wltlinnt (i*\Or :
tuiet >^«^, 3 . War 1 1 1 ] kiE 4 f 4 ai> i i:n ^1 >4 '" . - InilV'Id^yt fl'^ ' ■
— la-sl^iA-nfiflt. In st-pld'l t¥ (Tn -T idii'itj), n,
Syn. — TAAt^ti^w: vapid ; Hiufl ; ttfrtritltnaa : flat ; Bttle. |
tS'lilt' (-*!■*' ), r- fr [L rfijt«/i*ri^ to Hit foot upon,
p«(rsl«t ; ^Tt'i* in- In ■■\' Jtinfrrf to KtAnd.] To tnke * ^Cahd
mad nifnm to k^^^ ^^1?; i^ boid tn notiiiPtb^hFr firmly. ^
Sf n. — IvuiTi FsiitiEiT. — fjiJHj/ Implieit notice iiJli*(rH i
rl^bt^ Rjs rnqtbotily Of e]fllm^ PerftHt mny Iw from obsii- I
BAi^y mloDC, and dUuir witbor lieadnHt rigbt»»
In^llSfaiip d^ 1> BiAndltije nr rfs»Ktin^ on aoinc'thiu^.
3- Ijii»i<:tlnf ; perneiveririK. — In-BtefsnOQ. :^<
In-«i''tl^ (-iit»bnlti flr -flliliMii), II, [U tTiritfo, fr. »n-
SttfFr^-, -situm, to in^^rait; prer, in- in -^ ^trrfrf, xfitum^ to
lOWr] Init^nif>Tt of a Krion In 4 ntoi'^ ; InirTAJtiu^nt.
Tf» mtoh in a flEnuf 3 to potrap. 3. To Uk** <jy «filfra or
dKvEt : t4 tnrfii^lc^ ; to iyiuTv. — In-ianr'w, tj'.
lll''«&-bff '^tr i -sA-bri'v- 1 5 ) , T( . Wftfl t of wtl TE^ty , naod-
ef ir3,>n^ or oAriikiiH^AH ; iut("iinM;tT«ifM* i Eininknint-u,
In'wi^lato (-i4-1tt), V. t. [L. ifuei&rtt -tatumt to (^xposte
to tbr lUn : fifef, m- in -i- hwI aun,] To dry in^ or bo eipDM
tUi t)i« null's rayei ; to rl|itni by *i»ictj eijKJ«^ire+
In ao-U'tlon (Tn'f^'Li'atiQuK »■ 1- An expc^iii^ to
tbe Ann for drying or uinturiug (luiitAr dru|^f 0U'.)t Or
«Oimu|f {viriei^&rt Ftc.K 3. (u) Buu^trolie. (6) Sou ballL
tn^HOtfl' (Tn'jtSI), Mp Iiuitie vtVa itl k boot t>f rIiobl
In'flO-leuee (-■^-ln»)i n. 1, Tbe bolufi iu«>]t!ot \ ovbp-
|n'»4-l6nt, o. [F. ; L inmiftn.-ffifu, pref, in- itot4-
fr/^«n.T ftcciuitt»m«tf p, pr- of soietf to titf uctjjlouied,]
1. H^ttf htj Kod oOnttftDptuodiu or brutal in betuviur or
l^mifuaife ; pJKiMly rid» or disrEap*i?tful. 3- iVtcvmiing
f fom or eJiAnivrteriud hy iu«ol^iice* — la'MHlmt-lyr "dr*
Sfn» — IwiotAST ; iKftULTTHG ; ov*rtM)ikriii(j ; abutive ;
olT#>iiiiiv(!k 1 fiaucy; impudent^ jiudftriojim; pert; tiuuertl-
Uifut: riid**; repro»t:bful ; ot»probrimij. — /?j-<{^^F*fMo it*
priiiiirive wmae, limply demoted unM^wa^' And to art t»-
jKiI*'Htiy Wftft to act in vlobition of t?«t»b1iMljod ruji'* 01
fioflfkl U9ten:ourti$', f^uruftintj (tt^uotefl a p^r^>n&l uttftck.
Compare iMPEaTisnsrr, Affbost, iKfTTinjtrt
^-«dl'n-lll« (-i5l'ii-b7], ii. 1. 5ot Auhiblf? ; hw^ftpiible
of beiuK dit«r.h-«Hl. 3- Nmt to iw t^yUv^l or eiploJucd ;
LtiM.iv4bb^^ - lA-Ml'tt bleneui In-ial nbUltyt f>^
In-molT^a-ble t-i-Bli'* b*li, '^ I. Nat Holvable; ad*
mfttin^ no bolutton or cipifuiAtJonp 3. tiicap»blo ftf
beinjs! pud u debt*. 3, Not lo he IxM-^d ; in^itrieible*
In'-IQl''VVOt (-»5Kvfiit), a. Not ^tdvt'fit ; uuhMe to pny
erne's debtji. — w, InnolTtJit debtor. — In-Pll^TBn^i ft*
In-nOni'nl-a {-■&fn''HT-4), n. [L, . f r. *>i*i>fli»M ile^plesa ^
ptfL ifi' iHJt -J- jrrjJ^inMj HJ«bp,] Wwit of ii]h«)t; jnAbiHty
to pIi?*"!* ; wak**f ubu^M, [grM ! 'u "^(^b irlMi.1
In no-nmcti' aiv»-A.iT.<lj b')' ^f''- So; to iuclmd*-!
I Id Ian ClnUDa'' t^ls >iKyi*yaN'/), h- [F.] Cureleai-
RMtj. i iJucQuciTii- — I in'vi^ti'clAnr (-^yltH'), fl. C^-J
In-ap«Ot' (-ftp*kt'^» f. H. (L, iHKirirtrt^ -fftectmf} / pPof.
in^ in f- Jfprcrrf to look at] 1. To look upon £ to i^iew
criticilly ; to tnveatiffnte, 3- To eisannfie offleiAily, Ai
troopft^ *rnj«^ flocnU offered, work tUnw lor tke pubUo,
eUi. I to Auperinteudr — In-SpAOt'Of, **•
In-Spw'tlQm {'Hji^Jt'abiln), n. In An Inipectlof ; Htlict
PEJiiuiniitiL^ri : oIam^ H^rntlny^ 3. OffirioJ ttkHiolnAtimi^
In-SpACt'or-Atllp (-Itf-ahTp), n, 1 Offit^ *>f an in-
■pr^t^^r- 3- IbJrtri^.'t wltliin an iiupertor^t )iiriiRdEctioo.
tn-BphAfe'' ^^fir'lf, r. L To plarr in h «pb**r»§^
laspir'A {»le (-*pir'*-b*l>, a» Capahlfr of belnn Irt-
^pLrml L>r ^inivi-n into tiio Lnof^R ; lnliiiiliib]f^ ; rpvpli^ble.
Inipl-M'tlon^-ppT-rft'jiihi^n}, «, [F* ; I^ itt^jtintfio.']
1, All rfifpiririj^ or breatbhiff in ; brc-Bib; tbe dritwiii^ Air
into ilMi hiijp^ ; ^ €pp. tti i^jfiirittUfrt* 3- Influem?* wliicb
uttmubitpii, 3i ^up<^rnJitunLl diWim In^uenrre, quftllfyfuic
mtntg rommumcitte moral or retji^nnni truth nit b mi tbor*
ity ; tnitb K^ cornmnniratoil. [uelln?, iiniplrAtloiiK \
In-Sfiir'ft-tO-rr (-njiMA-tft-irJ )^ o, pi-rtaiolnjir to. orf
tn'Aplrs' (-hpTr')j r. f, [L, infffimr* ; prvt. m- iii 4"
? tirff rt to hrvAiiiB,} 1. To brentbf IntoMo *tdmHJt*», 3,
0 drnmr tn by brpAthinn : to inlialp ; — opp. to friJi'rr,
3. To infiiin Into tbe mind ; to eonve>% %i by n dEvino
InHnc'Cie^^ ^ To All with v-')mt ivniniAtefl or eiJiJtfl. ^
»'. f. To ilfifc* in bPPiith, —In-MVitvr, rtr
In-Kplflt (-ApTr^t), T>. /. To infniM^ nt^v spirit Into.
Mrn- - To einliffn ; pxiillJirat* s i^beor ; iiuiHrfi,
In-SlldJ'UtO <-^pt#^f<ItV> r. t. [L, iriJtpijatir*, -4fjtnm /
prvi. m- -\- fjti.v*ts thirk.] To tyrken or biitis to
BTeater eon* titt'iw.^^ as tin id » ^jt e vmptiratinn . — i-r. Thick
i>T tbickened - Iniiptwwt^^L — fn'BlriS-ia'ttoni a,
IniUt'lull'i'ty ''^^^-^'^l^-Lt)i "^ 1^ A I'l^iiiif uoAtfiblB^
nr'iuu of BtabillCy 'ir Rtennlineis ; priorArli>nisnesa« 2. liOck
iif detpnniiiAlioti ar fliwUif^pu* s luntAhllHy-
Hifri, — InroimUnry ; flr<klHiie4n ; chAti(;pabtpiHtu,
In-stA'blv (-<^ia1i*l),^). Nnt iit*bl*»i ; nut Atiindtu^ flrm.
In-sUll' ^fciftl'Ji '^H /. [F. intiitfhr, LL. i»js/^p/Mrp, Tr,
per. Vn. in -i- OrifJ, niifi a plAt^e, nt^lU itkiii to E. *^f/i,}
[WrfTt^n fllfio fjni't^i] 1. To iw^t In a V'flt 5 lo ttAt4i.li1tii}i
ill n. h\ac^\ 3. Tm plvp ill lui office i>r prrlt^r ; to indiM't,
In'sUl'lAOlon (atsi- Wah an), n. [F.{ UL ifi*ittlttiiw.^
f Cm, raomt, 6rb, n}d«, tyU, Hzn, food, ftfbt, ovl, oU, oludr, yo, sins, igk, then, tliin.
INSTALLMENT
300
INSURE
(fn-«t}|l^ment), n. [Written alM in-
iiutaUatioo. 2. Put of a
1. An installing or giving poaaeaMoo of an office or or-
der, with ueual ceremonies. 2. The whole of a syatem
of nuushinea, ap|)aratua, etc., arranged for practical work-
ing, at in electric lighting, trananuMicm of power, etc.
iB-BtaU'llMnt (fn-rtj5'nK *
italtnent.'] 1. An installing .
debt divided into portions payable at different times.
In'Staaoe (Tn'stana), n. [P. ; L. inttantia^ It. irutans.
Bee Ihstamt.] 1. The being instant or pressing; ur-
gency ; motion. 2- Occasion. 3. Something offered as
an illustratiTe case ; exemplification. 4. A token ; indi-
cation; Bigu; symptom.
Sjn. — Kxample ; case. See Examtlk.
—V. /. To mention as an example ; to refer to ; to cite.
iB'Stant (-stont), a. [L. instan*^ -antis, p. pr. of in-
tlare to stand upon ; pref. t'n- in, on -|- »ior€ to stand.]
1. Pressing ; urgent ; earnest. 2. Closely pressing in re-
spect to time ; immediate ; without delay. 3. Present ;
current, —n. 1. A point in duration ; portion of time
too short to be estimated ; particular moment. 2. A day
of the present month; as, the sixth instant.
8yn. — Moment ; flash ; second.
la'Stan-U'lM-OIUl (-stXu-ti'n^lis), a. 1. Done in an bl-
atant. 2. At a given instant.— Iil'8ta]l-tA'lM-0IUI-ly,a<fr.
II In-StaDf ter (-stSu'c&r), (k/v. [L.] Instantly; at once.
In'Stant-ly (In'stont-lf), adv. X. Without the least
delay ; at once. 2. With urgency ; earnestly.
Syn. — Directly ; immediately ; at once. See Dirictlt.
In-SUte' (-statOt V. t. To set, place, or establish, as
in a rank, ofBce, or condition ; to install ; to invest.
In'tUa-ni'tlon (Tn^stn-rS'Bhiin), n. [It. inHauratiOy
tt. itutaumre to renew.] Renewal ; repair ; renovation.
iBrWtMA' {-AtMf), adv. [Pref. in- + <'f<»i place.] In
the place or room ; — usually followed by of.
In'ltop (Tn'stSp), n. 1. The arched middle portion
of the human foot next in front of the ankle joint 2.
That part of the hind leg of the horse kind, between the
hock, or ham, and the rastem joint.
In^ltl-gmto (-stT-git), r. /. [L. itutigare, -pn/tim.l
To goad or urge forward ; to set on ; to incite. — In'Stl-
ga'tor, n. — In'itt-gatloa, n.
Syn* — To stimulate ; urge ; tempt ; impel ; animate.
In-Btm' (-etnO, V. t. [L. in*tmare, -latum; pref. in-
-f stilla drop.1 [Written also instU.] To drop hi ; to
pour in drop by drop ; to impart gradually ; to infuse
slowly. ~ In-fftfll'mailt, n. [Written also instilment. 2
Syn. — To infuse ; inspire ; inculcate ; insinuate.
In'Stil-U'tloll, n. An instilling : thing insUlled.
In-StlllOf (Tn-stTnkf), a. [L. instinguere^ -stincium^
to incite.] Urged or stimulated from within ; naturally
impelled ; imbued ; animated ; alive ; quick.
Ul'StlllOt (Tn'stTnkt), n. [L. instinctus instigation,
fr. instinffuere.} T. Natural prompting to any mode of
action, without apprehension of the end to be accom-
plished. 2. The natural impulse guiding an animal to an
action. 3. A natural aptitude or knack ; predilection.
In-StinottVV (-stTnk'tTv), a. Pertaining to bistinct ;
determined without reasoning, deliberation, instruction,
or experience ; spontaneous. — Ln-StlllC'tlVtt-ly, "dr.
Syn. — Natural; spontaneous; innate; automatic.
In'Stl-tatO (Yn'stT-tut), V. t. [L. instUnere, -tutum;
pref. in- in -f statuere to cause to stand.] 1. To set up;
to ordain. 2. To originate and establish ; to organise. 3.
To begin ; to set on foot. 4. To invest with the spiritual
charge of a benefice, or the care of souls.
Syn.- To begin; found; erect; appoint; ordabi.
••n. [L. institutnm.'] 1. That which is instituted,
established, or fixed. 2. An elementary and necessiury
Srindple ; comprehensive summary of legal principles and
ecisions. 3. An Institution ; society for promoting learn-
ing, art, science, etc. ; a college.
In'Stl-ta'tlOll, n. 1. An instituting ; foundation ; en-
actment. 2. That which is established ; order, method,
or custom ; enactment ; ordinance ; establishment of a
gyn. — reacmng; iniotmation. Bee KnucATioif
In-StmollTe (-tfv), a. Conveying knowledge ; i
kig. — fn-straotlye-ly, adv. — In-stnictlTe-iMi
iB'Stni-mMIt (-Btru-mnit), n. [F. ; L. instrvtm
puUic character, or affecting a commonity; characterift-
tic feature in social or national life.
In'Stl-ta'llTt (Tn'stl-tu-tiv), a. 1. Tending to insti-
tute. 2. Bstakdished ; depending on institution or order.
iB'ltl-ni'tQr, n. [L.] One who histitutee, founds, etc
In-Stmot' (-strfikt/), V. L [L. insiruerty -strvetum;
pref. in- -f> struere to build.] 1. To inform the mind of ;
to teach ; to discipline. 2. To advise ; to direct. — In-
■triMfer, In-stTvofor, n. — In-stracfrcss, n. /.
Syn. — To teach ; educate ; train ; direct ; enjirin.
In-StraoHOB (-btrfik'sliliu), n. 1. An instructing,
teaching, or furnishing with knowledge; information.
2. That which instructs ; intelligence ; command.
Syn. — Teaching ; information. See Educatiov.
, . - . ' ig knowledge ; inform-
••tnictlTe-iMss, n.
%. J. '■ wP« » I* instrymentum.
See Instruct.] 1. That by which work is performed,
or result effe<^ed ; a tool. 2. A contrivance for produ-
cing musical sounds. 3. A l^tal writing or deed.
Syn. — Tool ; implement ; utensil ; medium ; agent.
In'Stni-llMll'Ul (-mCn'tal), a. 1. Acting aa an in-
strument; serving as a means; helpful; serviceable. 2.
Pertaining to, made by, or prepared for, an instrument.
In'Stni-nan-tall-ty (-mSn-UI't-t^), n. The being
instrumental; that which is instrumental ; agency.
In'Stm-nan'tAl-ly, adv. 1. By means of an instm-
ment or agency. 2. With instruments of music
In'Stni-IIIOIl-ta'Uoil, n. 1. A uung or adapting as an
instrument; agency. 2. A playing upon musical instru-
ments ; performance. [tion ; disobedience. I
In^rab-JeCtlon (-tfib-jSk'shfin), n. Wantof subjec-|
In'snb-or'dl-IUlU (-dr'dT-ntt), a. Not submitting to
authority ; mutinous. — In'Sllb-OT'dl-IUItlMI, fi.
In-SHlfer-A-Ue (-slll'l 2r.A.b*n, a. Incapable of befaig
suffered ; intolerable. — In-mil'lMr-a-bly, adv.
In'raf-fi'ckllt (-fTsh'ent), a. 1. Not sufficient ; not
enough. 2. Wanting in strength, power, capacity, or
skiu.— lirraf-fi'daBMy, a<fr.— in'siil-fl'eteiiot, Ir-
■uf-fi'olMi-cy, n,
Syn. — Inadequate ; scanty ; unfit ; Incapable.
la'm-Iar (-stI-lSr), a. [L. insvlaris^ fr. insula Island.]
1. Pert, to, or like, an island. 2. Pert, to the people of an
island ; narrow ; illiberal. — In'fU-larl-ty (-ISra-tj^), n.
In'm-Uto (-lit), V. t. [L. insulatus insulated, fr.
insula.} 1. To pUce in a detached situation ; to isolate ;
to separate. 2. To prevent the transfer of electricity or
heat to or from (bodies) by Interposition of nonconductors.
— In'sn-U'tor, n. — m'ra-U'tioii, n,
Ill'm-U't«a,p.a. 1. Standhig by itself ; isolated. 2.
Separated from other bodies by nonconductors.
In'milt (Tu'stUt), n. [L. insilire^ -sultum^ to leap
upon.] Gross abuse offered to another ; insolence.
Syn.- Indignity; abuse; outrage. sBeeApraosr.
In-milt' (Tn-sttlf), V. t. [L. instdtare^ f req. f r. insUire
to leap upon ; pref. in- in, on 4- salire to leap.] To treat
with insolence ; to abuse. — Ill-Blllt'tf, n.
In-Blllt'lllg, a. Containing insult or abuse.
Syn. — Imperthient ; rude ; abusive. See iKSOUorr.
la-sn'par-A-llle (-eu'p2r-4-bM), a. [L. insuperabUis.']
Incapable of being surmounted. — In-cn'MT-A-bly, adv.
— In-sn'MT-A-lde-iMn, In-ra'per-a-Ml'l-ty, n.
Syn. — Impassable ; insurmountable ; unconquerable.
In'llip-porf A-1lto (-sttp-pSrt'A-bM), a. Incapable of
being supported or borne ; insufferal)le ; Intolerable. —
iB'rap-INnrra-Ue-iitM, n. — In'snp-port'a-lily, adv.
In-SOr^A-bto (-shnr'i-b'l), a. Capable of being Insured
against loss, damage, death, etc.
In-Siur'aiioe, n. 1. An insuring, or assuring, against
damage by a contingent event. 2. Premium paid for in-
suring property or life. 3. Sum insured.
Innrare' (-shur'), r. t. [OE. ensuren^ prob. for o*-
suren.} [Written also eftntre.l 1. To make sure or secure.
2. To secure against a loss by a contingent event, on
a, S, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, fi, 1, 5, 0, tt sbort; sanftte, «vent, tdea, 6bey,ttnite, cAre, linn, Adc, |^, flnoL
INSURER
301
INTERCALARY
cartain conditions, or at a given premium. — v. i. To un-
derwrite ; to malce insurance. — In-Clir'tir (Tn^ahnr'Sr), n.
IlHnir'KMIt (In-«Qr'jenU, a. [L. insurgerUt P> pr. of
itumrgere to rise up ; pref. tn- -{- iurgere to riae.] Rising
in opposition to authority or government ; rebellious. ^
n. One in revolt ; a retwL
Syn. — See Rkbsl.
la'sur-lHOllBt'A-ltlt (-monnt^A-bU), a. Incapable of
being surmounted or overcome. — In'mr-moaBfA-Uyt
adv. — in'Bor-moimt'a-lile-ness, n.
. Byn. — Insuperable : impassable ; invincible.
la^snr-rM/DOn (-r6k'shan), n. [L. iruurrectio. See
IXBuaoKKT.] A rismg sgamst civil or political authority.
— la'sv-Tw/tloii-al, In'sor-rw/tloii-A-ry, a.
Syn. — iKsuiaacnoir ; Ssomov ; Revolt : Rkbbluom ;
Mutiny. — Sedition is the raising of commotion in a state,
as by conspiracy, without aiming at open violence against
the Uws. Insurrf/^on is a rising of individuals to pre-
J tbe execution of law by force of arms. Revolt is a
casting off the authority of a government, with a view to
pot it down by force, or to substitute one ruler for an-
other. Rebelhon is an extended insurrection and revolt.
Mutiny is an insurrection on a small scale.
In'ras-oep'ti-Uo (-efis-aSpai-bU), a. Not susceptible ;
not capable of being moved or impressed.
In-taof (-tSkf), a. [L. intacius ; pref. tn- not -f tan-
gere, tactum^ to touch.] Untouched ; complete ; entire.
la-tacllO (Tn-tSl'yS ; It. tn-taaw«), n. ; pi. E. Ik-
TAOUoa (-ySz), It. Iittaou (-ryi). [It., fr. intagHare. to
engrave, j A cutting or engraving ; figure cut into a gein ,
etc., making a design depressed below the surface of the
material ; — opp. to cameo. Also used ad jectively.
In-tail'ffi-llllo (-tSn'jT-b*!), a. Not Ungible ; imper-
ceptible. — In-tan'tl-ble-iioas, fn-tan^gl-mll-ty, n.
IB^te-gcr (Tn'tH^r), n. [L., untouched, whole.] A
oom|4ete entity ; a whole number, dieting, fr. a fraction.
In'te-gral (-Rfol)* ^« 1* T<aclcing nothing of complete-
ness ; entire. 2. Essential to completeness ; integrant.
3. Pertaining to, or being, a whole number or undivided
quantity ; not fractional. ^ n. An entire thing ; whole
number ; individuaL — Iii't»-gral-ly, adv.
In't^-gllBt, a. [L. inlegranSf -antis^ p. pr. of inte-
grare to make whole, renew.] Making part of a whole ;
necessary to constitute an entire thing ; integral.
Intd-gial* (-gi^t), r. /. [L. integrare^ -gratum.'] 1.
To form into (me whole ; to make entire ; to perfect.
S. To indicate the whole of ; to give tbe sum or total of.
In^te-gimtlOII, n. A making whole or entire.
In-tag'M-ty (-t«g'rT-ty), n. [L. integritas.l 1. The
being entire or complete; wholeness; unbroken state.
2. Moral soundness ; freedom from corrupting influence
or motive. 3. Unimpaired or genuine state ; purity.
Syn.— Honesty; uprightness; rectitude. SeePsoBixr.
In-tegtl-IIMat (-d-ment), n. [L. integumentumj fr.
integere to cover ; pref. in- in, on -+- tfgere. to cover.] A
natural covering, as the skin, or a membrane.
In'tol-lact (Tn'tSl-16kt), n. [L. intelligere, -tectum, to
understand.] The faculty of the human soul by which
it knows, as disting. f r. power to feel and to will.
In'tOl-lMtloll, n. [L. intellectio synecdoche.] A
mental act ; simple apprehension of ideas ; intuition.
In'tOlle</tlT« (-tTv), a. 1. Pert, to, or produced by,
the understanding ; intellectual. 2. Intelligent ; rationid.
3. Capable of being perceived by the understanding only.
In'tOl-leo^-al (-tt-al ; 40), a. 1. Belonging to, or
performed by, the intellect ; mental. 2. Endowed with
high intelligence or menUl capacity. 3. Suitable for ex-
ercising the intellect. 4. Relating to the imderstanding ;
treating of the mind. — In'tel-lao^-tl-ly, adv.
Ill-tttll-C«noo (-teinT-j«os), n. [F. ; L. inteUigentia.
See iKTBLUOBirr.t 1. A knowing ; exercise of the un-
derstanding. 2. Capacity to know or understand ; the
intellect. 3. Information communicated; news. 4.
Knowledge ; information. 6. An intelligent being.
Syn. — Understanding ; intellect ; notice ; news.
In-UVh-mm-tU (Tn-tSiai-j«n-88r), n. One that aenda
or conveys inteUigenoe or news ; a messenger.
lB-tol11-S«llt (-jent), a. [L. inteUigen*, -eniU, p. pr.
of inielligere to perceive; inter between -f- legere to
choose.] 1. Endowed with reason. 2. Possessed of in-
telUgence or Judgment ; skilled. — Ill-tol11-ff«nMy, adv.
Syn. — Sensible ; understanding. See Skksiblb.
Ill-t0iai-|d[-bl0(-jT.bM),a. [Uinteliegibitis.] Capable
of being understood. — In-teiai-gi-Uy, adv. — In-Mlll-
fl-Ue-iMn, In-MI'U-fl-liai-ty, n.
Syn. — Comprehensible: perspicuous; plabi; clear.
In-tam'por-anoo (-tSm'per-aua), n. [F. ; L. intem-
perttniia.jl. A becoming, or being, intemperate ; ex-
cess ; indulgence of appetites or passions. 2. Habitual
or excessive indulgence in alcoholic liquors.
Ill-tfllll'p«r-ate (-tt), a. [L. intemperattu.} 1. In-
dulging any appetite or passion to excess ; immoderate.
2. Addicted to excessive use of alcoholic liquors. — In-
tim'per-ate-ly, adv. — In-ttmrpar-Ate-iioas, n.
In-tdnd' (-tend'), v. t. [L. intendere, -tentum and
-tensum, to intend, attend, stretch out, extend ; pref. in-
in -h tendere to stretdi.] To fix the mind upon (some-
thing to be accomplished) ; to be intent upon ; to mean ;
to contemplate. — Ill-teim'tf, n.
Syn. — To purpose ; mean ; design ; plan ; conceive.
In-tend'an-ey (-an-sj^), n. 1. OfBoe of an intendant.
2. Territorial msUict in charge of an intendant.
In-tdnd'ant, n. [F. ; fr. L. intendere to direct (one's
thoughts) to a thbug.l A superintendent
In-tend'ed, a. 1. Purpoaed ; designed. 2. Betrothed ;
affianced, ^n. One betrothed ; an affianced lover.
In-teUM'' (-t^ni^t (T, \h. inteniUi tifht, y. p. of tn-
teirfr ,-f' Ui itreti:h,] 1. Slrium*d; atrki; vury (tamest.
2. K^Tf^n^*' in ^fff^reHi ; txceH^ive ; keeu ', deep ; briUiJuit.
— la-teu&ely^ o^fi\ -Tm-tsuBe'tK^y n.
In -tea 'si- ty (^ftu'sV-ri), t\ K ^u To make or bt^comt
intt^ji.^', >>r luord inteiiBe'.
Inteil^Blail, n, [It. inftif,gio.} L A atnUniUjitt bwid-
inf, or ijcijiH ntri*ltieii* 2. luf^rtiOAe ot (lower or eiii^rny ;
fervf iiry. 3. CoUective sttribut«A making up a i^oiupte?!
geruintl tif.itfon ; — (^pp. to t-ri^nfivn, rjintt-, Qr wphertf.
lo-ten'sl-ly {^T-t5|^), ti. l. a b«iti^ [titeuite; extritme
de;/ rr4 ' , 2 - Va w rj7>' with wliit : \i a forCft arts ; effcc ti veD^aiL
In tea'ilVA (sTv), n. l. atmtc-h^d ; Ailmitting of in-
teisf-iiui, nr tnfrn'-fMse nf degTP«* 3. Scrriiiffto pive forre
or ill L'i". — ',■ Thnt w1j|i:]> ijkti'iLriiflr^ ur t'iTti»lijMilu4 ;
an AuvDuai!.^ vcti/ ur word. — In-ton'sfw-Xy, adv.
In-tant' (-t&itO, a. [L. intendere^ -tentum^ 1-
Closely directed ; stricUy attentive ; bent. 2. Having
the mind closely bent on an object ; sedulous.
In-feat', n, [F. entente understanding, meaning ; a
participial noun, fr. entendre, L. intendere. See IH-
TBND.] The turning the mind toward an object ; um.
Syn. — Design ; purpose ; meaning ; drift ; end ; plan.
In-ten'tloil (-ten'sh&n). n. [F. ; L. intentio.} 1. A
bending the mind tovrard an object; close appUcation.
2. Determination to do a certain thing ; design ; end.
Syn. — Purpose ; purport ; meaning. See Dbsion.
T- * "*-- al. .7. p.wrlv uihuti^n or design; in-
to.' 1, — In-tcn'tlon-fll-lr, orft;.
In touny I -t^utl^ }, fiflv. In aji intsmt manner.
hii > n . ¥ Lxedly ; at^'AAlfaat Jy ; e;ini eaily ; attentively.
In to Ell 'ntttt n , Thf iK'lnp? I nt^iit ; attention.
ln-tfli' t-l tf r')^ !'. L I F, eiiterrrr, L. [tref. in- in -f-/«rra
eai 1 1>. ] Tn ■l&fxw.Et. ill t|>e e^rtli ; t^ bury.
iu Ur-aot' (ln^t5r>akt^, n. [Pref. inter- -f act."] A
short act between others, as in a play ; interlude.
In'ter-aot'. v. i. To act upon each other.
In'ter-ao'tlOll, n. 1. Intermediate action. 2. Mutual
or reciprocal action or influence.
In'ttf-lmad' (-bred'), v. t. & i. To breed by croeaing
different stocks of animals or plants.
In-tor'oa-Iar (-tSr^A-lSr), bt-tnr'ca-U-ry (-k«.lt-rj^).
a. [L. intercalarit. See Intebcalatk.] 1. lusertod
fCm, recent, 6rb, r^de, f^, Hzn, food, fo^ot, out, oil, obair, ^o, ainff, ink, tben, tbin.
INTERCALATE
302
INTERMEDDLER
ftmong others tn tho calendar ; —said eq>. of the odd day
(Feb. 29) inaerted in leap year. 2. AdditioiiaL
In-tcr'oa-late (Tn-t2rnEA.lit), v. t. FL. intercaiart,
4atum; inter -f> catare to proclaim.] 1. To insert (a
day, ^c.) in a calendar. 2. To insert among others.
wtor-oedA' (-oSd')f v. i. [L. interctdere^ -eetsum;
inter -f- cedere to paw.] To act between parties with a
Tiew to reconcile differencefl. — Itt'tor-oeft'or, n.
8711. — To mediate ; arbitrate. Bee IirmrosB.
Ia^tar-0«11ll-lar (-aSl'tt-lir), a. Lying between cells.
In^ter-oepf (-afipf), r. t. [L. interetvere, -eeptum;
inter -f eapere to take.] 1. To take by the way ; to stop
on the paasage. 2. To hinder or oppose. 3. To inter-
rapt communication with ; to blockade. 4. To Ihclude
between ; as, that part of ttie line itiiercepted between
the points A and B. — In'ter-oepf tf, n. — In'tar-oe^-
tfam (-sfip^shOn), n.
Syn.— Tocutoff; stop; catch; seixe; obstruct.
In^ter-Cdl^rion (-sSsh'On), n. [L. intercession.'} An
faiterceding ; mediation ; interpo«iti<m between parties at
variance ; solicitation to one party in f aror of another.
In'ter-CM'aor (-sb^sSr), .t. [L., a surety.] One who
goes between, or intercedes ; mediator. f iuteroedlng. I
iB^tO'-CMKlO-ry (-B^-rf ), a. Containing interceedon ; |
In'ter-olUUIfe' ( Tn^tSr-cbinJ' ), V. t. [OF. enire^
ehangier. Bee Ihtbs-, and Chahob.] 1. To put each
in the place of the other ; to exchange ; to reciprocate.
2. To cause to follow alternately, ^v. i. To alternate.
lBtir-<dUUIf e^ (Tn'tSr-chinj^), n. 1. Mutual ezchuige.
2. Commerce ; barter. 3. Alternate succession.
IT ter-OkJIIIffe'a-bto (•chSnfft.bn), a. 1. Admitting
of mutual substitution. 2. FoUowing each other in alter-
nate succession. — In'ter-iduuif •'a-ttto-iMnt In'ter-
oluuBge'ft-liill-ty, n. — In^tmr-otajuife'a-bly, adv,
iB'terHBlllda' (-klSdO, v. t. [L. intereludfre^ -diuum ;
inter -f claudere to shut.1 To intercept ; to cut off ; to
hiterrupt. — Iil'ter-Ola'SUm (klu'zhtln), n.
In^'tar-OO-lO'lU-lll (•kft-lS'nI-al), a. Between colonies ;
pertaining to mutual relations 01 colonies.
iB^ter-OO-lnill'lll-A'tlOll (-kft-lttm'nT-i'shiin), fi. Clear
space between two columns of a building.
Ill'ta'-OOni-mil'lll-OAto (-kSm-mu'nT-kit), v. i. & t.
To communicate mutually; to interchange. — Inttr-
OQIIl-lll1l'lll-oa'tlOII« n. [munion. I
iB'tar-iMlll-llllUllOll (-mun'yttn), n. Mutual cOm-|
In'ter-OOS'tAl (-kBVtnl), a. Between the ribs.
IntMr-OOIine (-kSra), n. [L. intercurtus^ fr. inter-
eurrere to run between.] A commingling ; commerce ;
interchange of thought and feeling. [pendence. I
In'tar-de-pend'eno* (-d^-pSod'ens), n. Mutual de-|
la'ter-dlOt' (Tn't8r-dTktO, «- 1. [L. interdicere, -di-
ctum.] 1. To forbid ; to debar. 2. To lay under an ec-
clesiastical interdict ; to cut off from religious pririleges.
Inler-dlor (Tn'tSr-dTktO, n. [L. interdictum, fr. in-
terdicere ; inter + dicere to say.] 1. A prohibitory order.
2. A prohibition of the pope.
iB^ter-dlotlOllt n. An interdicting ; corae ; interdict.
In^ter-dlotlT* (-dTh'tTv), a. Able to prohibit.
In^ter-dlOt'O-ry (-dTk't«-ry), a. Prohibitory.
la'tar-Mt (Tn'»r-««t), V. t. [Fr. intere^'d^ p. p. of
the older form inieressy fr. F. intiresser^ L. interesse.
Bee Intirkst, n.] To engage the attention of.
Syn* —To concern ; excite ; entertain ; engage,
••n. [OF. ; fr. L. interest it haterests, fr. interesse to
be between, to be of importance ; inter -f esse to be.]
1. Excitement of feeling ; concern. 2. Participation in
adrantage, profit, and responsibility. 3. Advantage;
benefit. 4. Premium paid for use of money. 6. Persons
Interested in business, Uken collectively.
Inler-Mt-ad, a. 1. Having the attention engaged ;
having emotion or passion excited. 2. Having an inter-
est ; concerned ; liable to be affected at prejudiced.
Inler-Mt-lng, «• • Engaging the attention ; exciting,
or adapted to excite, interest, curiosity, or emotion.
aD'tSr-fSrO.v.t [OF.en/rr/eHrtoa
each oUier ; entre between (L. inter) -{-/ertr to strike, fr.
L. /ertre.] 1. To come in collision ; toclaah. 2. To take
a part in coooems of others ; to interpoee. 3 To ateika
one foot against the other. — Intar-nr'aBOS, n.
Syn. — To interpose ; intermeddle. Boe Ivnaroas.
fn'tor-fma' (-fusO* v* ^ [L. interfundere^ -/nsam;
inter -|- fundere to pour J To poor between or ameof ;
to diffuse ; to scatter. — Itt'tor-te'lioil (-fu'xh&n), ».
Iat«r-lm (Tn't^r-Im), n. [L., fr. tnler + <m old ae-
cnaative of is he, thia, that.] The mean tinie ; faiterraL
Ill4tfrt-or (•te'rT-er), a. [L., oompar. fr. inter be-
tween.] 1. B^ng witUn any limita, indosure, or aab>
stance; inside; internal; inner;— opp. to exterior^ or
superficial. 2. Remote from the limits, frontier, or
shore; inland.— ». 1. That which Is within; internal
or inner part of a thing ; inside. 2. Inland part of a
country. —Iii-te'rt-ar4j (-8r-iy), adv.
Syn. — Internal ; insicle ; inner ; inland ; inward.
b'ter-lA'oeilt an'tSr-Ji'sent), a. [L. interyaeens,
•centis; tnter -j-jacere to lie.] I^ng or being betwean
or among; biterrening. —JsAm-WcmhCf^ n,
1^mMt$f{-iSktr),v,L&i. (Linterfieere^-Jeetmm;
inter -\-/aeire to throw.J To insert ; to interpoee.
In'tfr-leottoll, n. 1 An interjecting or throwing
between ; thing interjected. 2. A word, etc, thrown in
to express emotion or feeling, aa O / Alas I Ha Aa / Bt-
gene I etc. — Iii'ter-J«otloil-«1, a,
In'tfr-laoo' (-lisO. V. /. & <. {V. entrelacer. Bee Iv-
TBB-, and Laos.] To unite, aa by lacing together; to
interpose ; to intertwine ; to interweave.
Il|/ter-lard'(4KrdO,v./. ir.entrelarder.'[ To insert
between ; to introduce something foreign or irrelevant.
In'tor-Uy ' (-liO« ^' ^ "^o l*y o' Pt^^^ among or between.
UHtr-lMf (-I«0, n. A Isaf inserted between other
leaves ; blank leaf uiaerted, aa in a book.
Ill'tfr-lMIT*' (-UvQ, r. L To insert a leaf or leavaa
in ; to bind with blank leaves inserted between the otbefs.
In'ttf-Ua*' (-nnO, v. t. 1. To write or insert between
lines already written or Minted, aa for correction or ad-
dition. 2. To arrange in alternate lines. 3. To mark
with lines. -Ill'tOT4tll'e-al MTn't-al), l^UK4imF%-V
(■&•), d. ^ Ii|/t«r-]lll'«-fttlai MTn^t-rsh&n), fi.
In^ter-UBk' (-ITohO, v. /. To link together ; to ioin.
IT t«r-l»«ft'tlOII (-Ift-kS'sh&n), n. A pbK^ or coo-
Ing between ; interposition. [linking together. {
iB'tor-lOOfc' (-ISkO, v.i.&t. To unite by locking or I
In'tW-UMnttloa (•16-ku'shfin), n. [L. interic^Mon
f r. interloquit -locutus* to speak between ; inter -{- loqui
to speak.1 1. Interchange of n>eech ; conference. 2.
Intermediate legal act or decree before final dedaioB.
In'ter-l00^-tfr(-15k^-t8r),n. 1. One who takee part
in ccmversation. 2. Interlocutory legal judgment.
Ill^t«r-l00^-t»fy, a. 1. Of the nature of dialogoa ;
conversationaL 2. Intermediate; not final or definitive;
made or done during the progress of a legal action.
In^ttr-lOM' (-lSpO« V. C To traffic without a proper
license; to intrude; to forestall others ; to interuMddle.
la^tf-UKpir (-IS'pSr), n. [Pref. inter- -f- D. laoper a
runner, f r. toopen to run.] One who interlopea ; one who
interferes wrongfully or officiously.
In'tcr-lllte Glnd), n. [LL. interiudium ; L. inter -f-
ludus play.] 1. An entertainment between the acts of
a pUty. 2. A short piece of instrumental mndo pli^yed
between acts of a drama, stanxas of a hymn, etc
In'ttf-lo'^UUr (-lu'nSr), la. IL. interlunis.} Belong-
Ill'ter4ll'llA-rT (-ni-rj^), ( ing to the time when the
moon, at or near Its conjunction with the sun, is invisible.
In'ta'4lltrfnr (•mXr'ry ), r. L To become connected by
marriage between members of familiea, ranks, caatea,
etc. —intU-munrtMgB (-mSr'rTj), n,
In'ttf-OMd'dle (-mSdMn), V. i. To meddle with alEain
of others ; to meddle officiously. — In'tMr-nMd'dlOT, m.
Syn. — To interpose ; Interfere. Bee I
a, 8, 1, 5, tt, long ; ft, «, I, *, tt. y. abort ; san*te, «v«it, Idea, 6bey, Anite, cAre, lirm, Aak, fin, final.
INTERMEDIAL
303
INTERVIEW
lBl«-lll»'dl-al(Ttt'tSr-m8'dT^l),a. [L. MtrmediuM,}
Ljing b^ween ; intenrening ; intermediate.
lMfUt-m^&lrtL'rji-i-Tf),a, [r.iniemUdiaire,1 In-
termediate. — n. An interagent ; a go-between.
iB^-aM'dl-at*, a. [Pref. inter- + mediate,'} Lying
or being in the middle place or degree, or between two
extremes ; coming or d<me between ; intenrening. — v. i.
Tto come between ; to Interrene ; to interpose. — In'tflT-
■M^dl-at»-ly, adv. — iniMr-iiM'dl-Atlaii, n.
la-ttr^toMlt (-tSr^ment), n. [F. enterrement. Bee Ih-
, r. /.] An interring a dead body ; burial.
_|.tcHBl-IUI-1tlt (-mI-n4-bU), a. [^^ iniertm
Without termination. — In-taral-IUI-bly, adv.
Syn* — Boundless ; endless; infinite; unlimited.
InftU-wta^gU (-mTn'gn), r. /. <ft 1 To mingle or mix.
fB^tor-mte'allMI (-mTsh'&n), n. 1. An intermitting ;
disc<Mitinnance. 2. Cessation for a time ; pause.
Syn. — Interruption ; stop ; rest. See Cibsatiov.
iB'ter-mte'BlTe (-mTs'sTv), a. Intermittent.
iB'ttf-mit' (-mTt^), V. /. & i. [L. intermittere ; inter -f-
miUere, missum^ to send.] To interrupt ; to moderate.
JaftU-Whftmit a. Coming and going at intervals;
alternating ; recurrent ; periodic — n. i^ intermittent
diseMe.^-In'ttr-iiiirt«it-ly, Iii't«r-iiitf ting-ly, adv.
iB'ttr-fnlx' (-mTksOt v.t.&L To intermingle.
JaftOi'milfUtn (-tttr ; 40}, n. 1. A mass formed by
mixture. 2. Admixture ; aoditional ingredient.
In-ttr'taal (-tSr'nol), a. [L. intemtu f akin to interi'
or.] 1. Inward ; interior ; — opp. to external. %. De-
rired from, or dependent on. the thing itself ; inherent.
3. Domestic, as opp. to foreiffn. — In-ttr'taal-ly, adv.
8yn. — Inner ; interior ; inward ; inland ; inside.
Intar-lUlttoll-al (Tn/t2r-nKsh1in^I), a. 1. Between
nations ; affecting two or more nations. 2. Concerning
the association called the International. —n. 1. The
Inteniati<mal Workingmen's Association, for promoting
the interests of indusUial classes of all naticms. 2. A
member of the International Association.
Itt^tar-Bt'olne (-nS'sIn or -sin), a. [L. iniemeeintu;
tr. inter -f necare to kill.] Mutuallv destructive.
lB't«r-nil]l'0l-0 (-nCin'afiT-ft or -shS), n. [L. intemun-
tius; inter -f- nuntiiu, nuneiut, messenger.] 1. A mes-
senger between two parties. 2. A representative of the
pope at a foreign court or government, ranking next below
m nuncio. [connectmg oceans. I
iB'ttf'-O'oe-fllllo (-S'sht-Kn^k), a. Between oceans ; |
iB'ttf-pel-U'tiOll (-pSl-lS'sh&u), n. [L. interpeUatio ;
inter 4- pellare (in comp.), akin to peUere to drive.]
1. An interrupting ; interrupticm. 2. An interposing :
intercession. 3. A peremptory questioning ; point raised
in a debate. 4. Omdal summons or citation.
iB^ttf-plMa' (-plSdO, V. i. To plead against each
other, or go to trial between themselves, as the claim-
ants in an interpleader. [Written also enterplead.']
Ill'tflr-plo«a'«r, n. 1. One who interpleads. 2. A
legal proceeding to enable a person, of whom the same
tiling Is claimed by two or more parties, to compel them
to litigate the right or tiUe between themselves.
In-tar^Uto (-tSr'p^-lit), v. t. [L. interpolare,
-latum ; ft. interpoltu falsifled.] 1. To alter by inserting
new matter ; to change (a book or text) by inserting mat-
tor foreign to the author's purpose. 2. To fin up inter-
naediate terms of (a mathematical series) according to
th« law of the series. — Iil-ter'po-lA'tor, n.
iBrtar'po-lfttlom, n. 1. An inserting anything, esp.
that which is foreign. 2. That which is introduced.
I»'t«r-P0M' (-pOzQ. V. t. [F. interposer. See Irtkr-,
and Fbss, v. /J 1. To place between. 2. To thrust in ;
to intrude. 3. To introduce between parts of a conversa-
tion or argument. — i*. <. 1. To be or come between. 2.
To mediate. 3. Tointermpt. — Iii'ter-pos'al(-p9t'al),
IS. —Iirtfr^os'ifar. a.
Syn.— ToIhtbrfoss: Iivtbucsddlk : IinsBFnx; In-
tervene ; intercede ; mediate. —A man may often inter-
pom with propriety In the concerns of others ; lie on
never intermeddle Mdthout being impertinent or officious ;
nor can he interfere without being Uaole to the same
charge, unless he has rights wliich are interfered wittu
Ill^ttf-WHil'tlOll(-p^-sTsh'Cin),n. 1. An interposing,
or being interposed ; mediation. 2. Tiling interpoeed.
la-ttr'^rat (-tSr'priSt), v. t. [F. interpreter^ L. inter-
pretariy -tatua^ it. interpret interpreter, a^ent.] 1. To
tell the meaning of ; to translate ; to decipher. 2. To
show by illustrative representation. — Ia-ter'pr«t-or, n.
Syn. —To translate ; explain ; solve ; render ; expound.
la-ter^nre-Utloll, n. 1. An interpreting; exphuia^
tion of what is obscure. 2. Sense; meaning.
Syn. — Explanation ; solution; translation: version;
construction ; sense ; exposition ; rendering ; definition.
Ia-t«ripr«-UhtiTt (-tt-ttv), a. 1. Designed to inter-
pret. 2. According to interpretation ; constructive.
Illter-reg'lllim (-rSg'niim), n. [L. , f r. inter -f regnum
dominion, reign.] Time a throne is vacant between the
death of a sovereign and the accession of his successor.
In-tar'kO-Kate C-tSr'rS-gat), v.t.&i. [L. interrogare,
-ffotum ; inter -|- rogare to ask.] To examine by asking
questions. — In-ttfltl-ffft'tor, n.
Syn. — To question ; ask. See Qunnoir.
In-tMT'ro-CA'tfmi, n. 1. An Interrosating ; inquiry.
2. A question put. 3. A point [?] inUcating that the
sentence preceding it is a question.
In'ter-rog'A-tlTO (-rSg'A-tT v), a. Denoting a question ;
expreaed in the form of a question. — n. A word used
in asUng questions. — la'ter-rog'A-tiTe-ly, adv.
In'ter-rog'A-tO-ry, n. A formal question or inquiry.
^a. Containing, expresring, or implying a quection.
In^tor-mpt' (-riipf^, v. t, [L. interrumpere^ -ruptum;
inter -f rumpere to break.] 1. To break into, or t>e>
tween ; to cause a temporary cessation of. 2. To sepa-
rate ; to break the monotony of.
In'tMr-niplion (-r&p^shfin). n. [L. interruptio.} 1.
An interrupting, or breaking in upon. 2. The being in-
terrupted; break; faiterposition. 3. Stop; hindnmoe.
4. Temporary cessation ; suspension.
In'ttf-MOt' (-sSkt'), V. t. [L. interteoare, -tectum;
inter -{- tecare to cut. ] To cut into or between ; to cross ;
to diride into parts, ^v. i. To cross each otlier.
In't&t-m&Oftm (-sSk'shttn), n. 1. Act, sUte, or place
of intersecting. 2. Fofaat or line in which <nie line or
surface cuts another. [vening space, i
ItttW-ffpAOa' (-spSs^), n. [L. interspoHum.! Inter- 1
In'tmr-gpanM' (-spJrs'), v. t. [L. mterspersus inter-
spersed ; tnter -f spargere to scatter.] 1. To set here
and there among otlier things. 2. To place somethhig at
intervals in or among.— iB^ter-speTglon (-spSr'shiin), n.
lnftU-9lUd9f (-stSt'), a. Pertainhig to the mutual re-
lations of States ; existing between different States.
iB'ttf-ctelOir (-stiniSr), In'ter-steiaA-ry (-li-rj^), a.
Between or among the stars.
In-tar'Stloe (Tn-tSr^stTs), n. [L. interstUium ; inter -f
tietere to set.] Space between things closely set ; chink ;
crevice; interval. - In'tsrHrti'tlal (Tn'tSfr-stTsh'al), a.
In't«r-tez't1iro (-tSks'tttr; 40), n. [L. intertextitra ;
inter + texere to weave.] An interweaving, or being
interwoven ; that which is Interwoven.
b'ttr-twllie' (•twin'), v.t.&i. To unite by twining
one with another ; to entangle ; to interlace.
Ilfttf-tWlst' (-twTsf), V. t. To intertwine.
Ilt't«r-Tal (Tn't8r-val), n. [L. intertallum; inter -\-
vallum wall.] 1. Space between things. 2. Space of
time between any two events. 3. Difference in pitch
between any two musical tones.
In'ter-TeiM' (-v8nO» «'• <• \X" intervenire, -ventum ;
inter -f- venire to come.] 1. To come between, or be
between, persons or things. 2. To occur, fall, or come
between, points of time or events. 3. To interpose. —
In^ter-Ten'er, n. — In^ter-Ten'tton (-vSn'shiin), n.
In'ter-Vlaw (Tn'tSr-vu), n. [F. entrevue, f r. enireioir
to see imperfectiy, e^entrevoir to visit each other. See
On, neeabt 6rb, r^|de, f ^ tun, ftfbd, t^ol, oat, oil, obair, go, sins, ink, then, tltin.
INTERVIEWER
304
INTROSPECTION
lamt-. Mad Ybw.] 1. A mutual aiffht or view ;
ing lace to face ; conference. 2. ConTenaUon to elicit
information for pubUcatiou ; publiahed statement ao elic-
ited. ^ V. t. To queation, in order to obtain information
for publication. \Re<xnt\ — In'ttf-TtoW'er, n.
In'ter-WMT*' (In^tSr-wev'), v. /. 1. To weare to-
gether ; to unite in texture or construction ; to inter-
iwiue. 2. To intermingle ; to unite intimately.
In-tMtate (•tfia'ttt), a. [L. intutatus ; pref. in- not
-f ttftari^ -tatus, to make a wilL] 1. Without having
made a valid will. 2. Not dispoaed of by will. — n. One
who dies without making a valid wilL — Ill-tMI^-OT, n.
In-tiaai-lial (-tT-nal), a. Pertaining to the inteatines.
In-tes'tlno (-tin), a. [L. intestinu*^ fr. inttu on the
inside, within, fr. in in.l 1. Internal ; inward ; — opp.
to external. 2. Domestic ; not foreign. 3. Depending
upon the internal constitution ; subjective, ^n. [L. in-
tesHnum.l 1. That part of the alimentary canal between
stomach aud auus. 2. pi. The bowels ; entrails ; viscera.
In-tlirAll' (-thrftl'), V. t. [Written also inthral, en-
tKraly and «n/Arai/.] To reduce to bondage or servitude ;
to make a vassal or captive of ; to enslave. — In-thrall'-
IBMIt. n. [Written also inthralmeni^ enthraUment.']
In-tlUOlM' (Tn-thrStt^, v. t. To enthrone.
iB^-ma-cy (Tn'tT-iui-sJ^), n. A being inOmate.
8yn. — Familiarity ; friendsliip. See AcquAXifTAircB.
In^-BUItO (Tn'tT-mtt), a. [L. intimuM^ a superl. cor-
resp. to com par. interior A 1. Innermost ; hearty. 2.
Near ; close ; thorough. 9. Familiar ; confldentiaL ^n.
An intimate friend. — In^-mato-ly , adv.
Syn. — Familiar ; near ; friendly ; confldentiaL
Intl-IIUIte (-mat), V. t. [L. tn/ifiuire, -tiMr/um, to put
or press into, to make known, fr. iniimua inmost.] To
■uraest obscurely or Indirectly ; to hint.
fil'ti-llUI'tloa, n. [L. intimatio.^ X. An intimating ;
thing intimated. 2. Announcement. 3. A hint.
In-tlllll-dAte (-tlml-dit), V. t. [LL. inHmidare,
•datum ; pref. in- in -f timidus timid.] To make timid ;
to deter, as bv threats ; to abash. — Ill-tlOI'l-4atlOII, n.
Syn. — To dishearten ; deter ; frighten : daunt ; cow.
la'to (Tn't(>5), ;>rep. [/n + to.] To the inside of.
In-tol'tf-A-bio (-tSI^-A-b'l), a. [F. ; L. intoleralnlis.}
1. Not tolerable ; not capable of being endured ; not
right to be allowed; insufferable. 2. Enormous.— In-
ta'er-A-Uo-iMM, n. — In-tol'tf-a-blyt adv.
Ill-tOl'«r-aBOe (-^ms), n. [L. intoleraniia.1 1. Want
of capacity to endure. 2. The being intolerant ; refusal to
allow to others the enjovment of their opinions, modes of
worship, etc. ; want of forbearance ; illiberality ; bigotry.
Ill-tol'«r-«Bt, a. [L. intolerant, -anti*. See Ix- not,
and ToLBKANT.] 1. Not enduring ; not able to endure.
2. Not tolerating difference of opinion or sentiment, esp.
in religious matters; unforbearing ; bigoted.
In-Wer-atloll, n. Intolerance, [bury ; to entomb, f
In-tomV (Tn-t5om0, v. t. To place in a tomb; to|
IntO-natO (Tn't^-nSt), r. i. 1. To sound the tones of
the musical scale ; to practice the sol-fa. 2. To modu-
late the voice in a musical, sonorous, and measured man-
ner, as In reading the liturgy ; to intone. ^ v. t. To chant.
iB'te-lU'tion, n. (a) A sounding the tones of the
musical scale. (6) Singing or playing in good tune or
otherwise, (c) Reciting in a musiod prolonged tone.
In-tono' (-tSnOi v.t.&i. [LL. intonare, -natum ; pref.
in-\n-\'lt. toniis tone.] To utter with a musical or pro-
longed note or tone ; to chant.
In-tdZl-oant (-tSksT-kant), n. That which intoxi-
cates ; an intoxicating agent, as alcohol, opium, etc.
In-tOSl-catO (-ktt), a. [LL. intoxieare, -catum, to
drug or poison ; pref. t»- -(- L. tozieum poison for arrows.
Or. ro^uroy, fr. ft>^iir^ pertaining to a bow.] 1. Intoxi-
cated. 2. Excited, as with Joy or grief. — v. /. 1. To
poison ; to drug. 2. To make drunk ; to excite or stupefy
by strong drink or by a narcotic. 3. To excite to a trans-
port of enthusiasm, frenzy, or madness.
I iB-torl-Mttoll (Tn-t5ksa-ka'sh&n),ii. 1. A poisoning,
as by a spirituous or a narcotic substance. 2. The beii^
! intoxicated or drunk ; inebriation ; an intoxicating or
! making drunk. 3. High excitement of mind.
Syn. — Inebriation ; inebriety ; ebriety ; infatuation ;
delirium. See DBUXKUiinEss.
In-tnMt'A-Ut (-trlkt^ftrb'l), a. Not tracUble ; not
easily governed or directed. — In-tradA-bly, adv. —
lB-tnuKta-bl0-ii0fs, la-tnict'A-lilll-ty, n.
Syn. — Stubborn ; perverse ; obstinate ; refractory.
In-tran'gi-ttVt (-trln'sT-tlv), a. Not transitive ; not
passing over to an obiect; expressing an action which
does not require an object to complete the sense. — In-
tran'Si-tiTe-ly, adv. [territory. I
In'tra-teril-tO^-al (-tSr'rT-tS'rT-al), a. Within a|
Intronch' . " i r, ^ - i To cut in; h v.
2 I" '<.i: .1 ^^.hii » i[iiit.ii ui with ixitren> a.
— ' I ■. M t4* ; iQ c'ticmacb ; to fblritij^r^
In irenc^h'ju^iit, n. 1. An LutnDchLu^; or b i-
tr.. lj^ Iji.L. 2. A i(ef*«ti*iTti work coHiprtsiiitf a Ui i?^ n >r
diU'lk aitd tiar]t[ji-'t. 3. KDcroachmt^^jt ; iiLfnngtfuie^iit.
In trcp'W I tf^ji^U), (Ik IL. {nfrrjriijHji.] Not tn?.m-
bliikj? witli ti^jkr; undj].ujitf<d. — tll-lTtp<]d-4yt ^*'-
8:i'iK — F»'.irli!!iui; redolute ; brave; valiant; liemic
In tl-e pkl'l ty Uii'trt't»Ttl^-if )t ^ TlutbeLiiglnttvpId ;
fe^rlt^Ajj br.ivcry ; rouni^u ; rf^«oiLiit«c]^j« ^ tsIof.
Syn. Hravery : vsJot. 8*r CotTuas, Hn^iaW.
In'tTi-c«-cr ^Tu'trT'ki ft^>< n. The ittiufc iolricate at
eittA\tfL\tfi] t titat wkirit \ii iutricat^ ar ItivdUhL
pL'.v.] Kiitkiit^lt^tl : involved; tti^i.'uU t<» itigiivratiitKl or
ad^ii^t - In trl^«atO'lT, >ffir. - In'tfl-calemBas. n,
syn,- l^TKi* ATK; iDHri^ex l CoKrucATUi.- A thing
is ' '."tif/fz hlhru lit \m mail I.' up of [Hrts ; it it txtmpifcurtisa
wlhi'iii ihtii^i-- i^Ajtft ntt^ Mt mmi^^ ^yt no nrnujgcK]* aa U> Buike
it iliHii iiU to i^riiUkfj thcMEi; tt h iniriiiH^ whtn tt has
wijiihiki^h iiLiKJ itJVijlLitioi3>i biird to foHo*- 0tiL
In Irt gml^' iA^ ti^jjiufl' ; E, In^trl-pinn. «■ f *' ]
A if \iiidv 1 1 1 1 ri ^m^}'.
In Ifll^tieMTii'trqg'), r, I. [y. intfii^fer.^ 1. Tof^m
A ) »1 ' 1 1 <'.f >.*■ ( I '■ El n» 1 T f * r f-i nt rS rp tt> nrrOTn pi !*< i ft J' m rpe^r bf
se«_,vL u-i tiilc.^- 2. X^ ^ii j wii -, _^crti oLid Illicit aaiour.
— n. 1. A conspiracy; stratagem. 2. Plot of a play or
romance. 3. An amour ; liaison. — In-txlca'ar, n.
Syn. — Plot ; scheme ; conspiracy ; machination.
In-trin'sio (-trTn'sTk), a. [L. intrinseau inward ; in-
tra -f- MCtM otherwise.] Inward ; internal ; real ; essen-
tial ; — opp. to extrintie. — iB-trill'sio-al-ly, adr.
In'triHraoe' (Tn'trJ-dus'), V. i. [L. introdiicere, -due-
tum ; iniro -f> ducere to lead. ] 1. To lead or bring in ; to
conduct or usher in. 2. To put (something into a place) ;
to insert. 3. To lead to and make known by formal rec-
ommendation ; to cause to be acquainted. 4. To bring
into notice, practice, or use. 6. To open to notice ; to
bMin ; to present. — In'tro^n'OW (-du'sSr), n,
Syn. — To bring in ; usher in ; insert ; begin ; preface.
In'tro^m/tlOO (-dfik'shOn), ». l. An introducing, or
bringing to notice. 2. A formally making persons known
to each other. 3. That part of a book or discourse which
introduces the main subject ; preliminary matter ; pref-
ace. 4. Formal preliminary treatise.
In'tio^iio^Tv (tTv), in'titKdiioao-ry (-t«-if ), a.
Serving to introduce something else ; prefatory.
In-txblt (-trSTt), n. [L. introiius, fr. introire to go
into, to enter ; intro -f ire to go.] An anthem, pvdm,
etc., appropriate to the opening of church aervicea.
In/fro-iiikl'siOB (Tn^tr^-mlsh'&n), n. [F.] 1. A send-
ing or putting in ; insertion. 2<
In'tro-mlr (-mTf), r. t. [L. in
uuf. #». L* .J
Admission.
introtnittere, -mi*mm ; in-
tro- -f mitiere to send.] l". To send in or put in ; to in-
sert or introduce. 2. To allow to pass in ; to admit.
In'tro-speot' (spSkf), r. /. [L. introspiterr, -*pecium ;
intro -(- tpeeere to look.t To look Into or within.
Ill'tnHipe(Ktloil, n. [F.] A view of the interior; a
looking mward ; self-examination ; reflection.
ft, 8, 1, 5, II, long ; ft, e, 1, 5, 0, t« >l>oit ; seaAte, Svent, tdM, 6bey, ttnite, oAi^ iUm, Aak, ||11, finoL
INTROSPECTIVE
805
mVIGORATION
Jaftn^V9oniWB (lo'tr^pSk'tTv), a. Self-conadouB.
In^tm-VWrtf (-vSif ), v. t. [Pref. intro- ■+- L. verlere,
versum, to torn.] 1. To turn or bend inward. 2. To
look within ; to iutroapect. — In'tro-Ter'sloil, n.
fii>tnul*' (-tnid'), v.i.&t. £L. intruderty 4rumtn ;
praf. in- + trudere to thrust.] To thrust in ; to enter with-
out invitation or welcome ; to trespass. — In-tnid'ert n.
Syn.— To encroach; infringe: trespass. BeeOnnuDB.
In-trn'llon (-trR'sh&n), n. [F.] Au intruding ; a for-
cing (one's self) into a place without right or welcome.
hk-tnfWltW9 (-sTt), a. Apt to intrude ; characterized by
intrusion. — Ill-tni'BlT»-ly, adv. — In-tni'ltTV-IMM, n.
In-tnit' (-triiatO, V. t. To deliver in trust.
Syn. —To commit ; con^gn ; confide. Bee GoMmT.
Intll-l'tiOll (-ttt-Tah'lln), n. [L. intueri, •4uitus, to
look on; in- -^ tueri. See Tuition.] 1. Direct appre-
hension or cognition ; quick insight. 2. A first or pri-
mary truth. — In'ta-ltum-al, a.
Ill-tlll-tiTt(-tua-tIv),a. ISeehig clearly. 2. Know-
ing by intuition, without reasoning. 3. Received by in-
taition ; — opp. to deductive. — Iil-ta1-tiTe-l7} adv.
Ill'tll-lllMioo'(TnaA-m8y)v v. i. [L. intumeseere; pref.
iis- -f- tumescere to swell up, incho. fr. tumere to swelL]
To enlarge with heat ; to bubble up under action of heat.
Ill'tS-JMl'oenoe (•mfis'seus), n. [F.] LA swelling
or enlarging ; tumidity ; the swelling up of bodies under
action of heat. 2. Anything swollen, as a tumor.
la-tWllM' (-twin'), m-tmif (-twlsf ), v. t. & i. To
twine or twist into, or together ; to wreathe. [Written
also entwine^ eniipisl.l
IB'V-Mi'de (-tt-Su'ds), n. Innuendo.
In-im'date (-&n'dat), v. t. [L. inundare^ -datum;
pref. in- in + unda wave.] 1. To cover with a flood ; to
deluge. 2. To fill to excess. — Iinm-dAtlOll, n.
Syn. — To deluge ; flood : submerge : drown.
iB-are' (Tn-ur'), r. t, [Pref. in- in + "'"« use, work.]
To apply iu use ; to trabi ; to habituate. ^ r. i. To be
applied. [Written also enure."] — In-ore'lliailt, n.
U-mn' (-(irnOt V. t. To put in an urn ; to intomb.
In'Q-tm-tT (-d-tnt-tj^), n. \U inutUitat.] Uselees-
Dess; unprofitableness.
b-Tadr (-vid'), V. t. [L. invadere^ -vantm; pref.
<»- + vadere to go.] 1. To enter for conquest or plun-
der ; to attack. 2. To violate. 3. To grow or spread
over. — V. i. To make an invasion. — In-Tad'tr, n.
Syn. — To attack ; assi^ ; encroach upon. Bee Attack.
In-Talld (Tn-vUtd), a. 1. Not valid ; of no force or
cogency. 2. Having no legal force ; void ; null.
fil'Ta-lld (Tu'vA-lTd), n. [F. invalided n. & a., L. in-
voliduSf a.] One weak and infirm ; one in chronic ill
health.— a. Feeble; infirm; sickly. —v. t. To class
as an invalid.
Ill-Talt-dAto (-viKT-dit), V. L To render invalid ; to
weaken ; to overthrow. — la-Tall-dfttlim, n.
b'TllrUdl-ty (-vA-lTdt-tj^), n. Want of validity.
lA-Tal'll-A-llle (-vSl'tl-4rbn), a. Valuable beyond
esthnation ; inestimable; precious.— In-Tal'n-A-llly, adv.
In-Tft'Il-il-ble (-vi'ri-i-b'l), a. Not given to variation
or change ; always uniform. — In-Tft'lWI-ttto-lMls, III-
▼s'll-a-Mlt-tT, n. — In-ra'rl-a-bly, adv.
lA-TA'tton (-vi'zh&n), n. 1. An invading ; an encroach-
ing upon the rights or posaessions of another ; trespass.
2. Hostile entrance into another's possesions ; incursion.
8rn.— Ikvasiom; Imcubsioii ; Ikritftion ; Inboad.— /n-
vasion is the generic term, denoting a forcible entrance
into a foreign country. Incursion signifies a sudden in-
vasion. Irruption denotes a violent Invasion. Inroad is
entry by some unusual way involving trespass and injury.
In-Tft'liTt (-stv), a. Tendixig to invade ; aggressive.
In-VtOttY* (-vOc'tTv), a. [L. inveetivu4. Bee Iir-
TnoB.] Denunciatory ; railiiu(.—n. Severe censure.
Syn. — Reproach ; raUing : diatribe. See Abusb.
In ¥iit1i' C-vi'), V. i. [h. invehere^ -vectum; pref.
<i»- in -|- veh^ to carry.] To declaim or rail (against
■ome person or thing). — u-Telcll'er, n.
lA-ydfgl* (Tn-vS'gl), V. t. [F. aveugler to blind, de-
lude, fr. aveugte blind, prop., without eyes, fr. L. a6 -f
oatiu* eye.i To lead astray as if blind ; to entice ; to
wheedle. — Ill-¥«l'gl«-lll«llt, n. — Ill-¥«l'gl«r, n.
la-TMIt' (-vfinf), V. t. [ii. invenirCf -ventum; pref.
in- + venire to come.] To discover, as by study or in-
quiry ; to find out. — Ul-T6llt'«r, Ill-TMIfor. n.
Syn. — To contrive ; devise ; frame. Bee DncoTXB.
In-TWIllOII (-vfin'shttn), n. [L. inventio^ 1. An
inventing, or finding out ; contrivance of what has not
before existed. 2. Thing faivented ; original device. 3.
Thought; idea. 4. A fiu>rication to deceive ; falsehood.
6. Faculty of inventing ; skill iu contriving anything new.
In-TtntlTt (-vfinfTv), a. Able and apt to hivent
In'TMl-t^-ry (tn'vSn-U^-rj^), n. [L. inveniarium. Bee
iKyBiTT.] A ci^ogue of an estate; itemised list of
goods, with their estbnated worth. — v. L To make an
iventory or schedule of.
Syn. — list; xegister; schedule; catalogue. Bee List.
In-YtlM' (Tn-vSrsO, a. [L. inverterej -vermm. Bee
Imtbbt.] Opposite in order, relation, or effect; re-
versed ; inverted : reciprocaL — In-TVrMly, adv.
In-TWr'gloii (-vei/shfin), n. 1. Au inverting, or being
inverted. 2. A change by inverted order ; transposition.
3. A change in the order of the terms of a mathematical
proportion.
in-Terf (-v8rf), v. t. [L. invertere^ -vertum ; pref.
in- -f- vertere to turn.] To turn over ; to reverse.
In-TVtA-bral (-vSr'tt-bral), a. Invertebrate.
IIIn-Tarte-lm'U (-br«'t4), n. pi. [NL., fr. L. in-
not -h vert^n-atus vertebrate.] A division of the animal
kingdom, including all except the Vertebrata.
In-Tai'tO'teatO (-brftt), a. Destitute of a backbone ;
pert, to the luvertebrata. -> n. One of the Invertebrata.
In-Ttrt'td (-vSrfSd), a. Changed to a contrary or
counterchanged order ; reversed ; upside down.
iDvsrted arch, an arch placed with crown downward ; —
much iksed in
foundations.
In-Test'
(-v»st'), r. /. [L.
investtrey -titum ;
pref. in- in +
vesti* clothing.]
1. To put gar-
ments on; to
clothe \, to dress ; — opp. to divett.
Inverted Arches.
2. To clothe, as with
office of authority ; to endow. 3. To surround or attend.
4. To inclose ; to lay siege to. 6. To lay out (money or
capital) in business. -> r. i. To make an investment.
In-TWtl-gato (-vSs'tT-git), v. t. & i. [L. invettigare*
-gatum; pref. in- -{-vestigare to trace. See Ybstiob.]
To follow up step by step by inquiry or observation ; to
search. — Iii-TMKti-ni'doii, n. — In-ves'ti-ga'tor, n.
Ill-T6S^ga-tl¥e (-gt-ttv), a. Inquisitive ; curious.
Ill-T6St1-tlir» (-vSstT-tdr ; 40}, n. 1. An investing,
or being invested, as with an office ; right of so invest-
ing. 2. Investment; covering.
Ill-TMfnent, n. 1. An investing, or being hnvested.
2. A vestment. 3. A besieging or oeing beideged. 4.
The laying out of monev in purchase of property ; money
invested, or that in which money is investcKt
In-VWt'or, n. One who invests.
In-ret'tf-AtO (-vSfSr-tt), a. [L. inveterare^ -atumt to
render old ; pref. in- -f vetus^ veteris^ old.] 1. Firmly
established by long continuance ; obstinate ; deep-rooted ;
habitual. 2. Malignant; spiteful. — Ill-T9t'er-«t»-ly,
adv. — In-Tefer-Ato-noM, ui-T«fer-«-cy (-i^*]r ), n.
In-Tldl-OIIS (-vTd-T-fis), a. [L. invidiottu, f r. invidia
envy.] Likely to incur or produce ill will, or to provoke
envy. — Itt-Tldt-OIIS-ly, adv. — In-Tldl-OIUI-IMtS, n.
In-TlC'or-Ate (-vTg^r-it), V. t. To give vigor to ; to
give life and energy to. — In-Tlf'or-atioil, n.
Syn. — To refresh ; animate ; exhilarate ; stimulate.
ttn, rsoffit, drb, ryda, hfXL, tttu, fdbd, ftfbt, out, oil, obair, ko» ainif, ink, ttien, Uiin.
20
INVINCIBLE
306
IRIDIUM
Ill-vl]|'0l-llle(Tn-vTn'*T-bn),a. [h. invineibau.'] In-
capable of boiiiff subdued ; iusupentble. — In-Tla'a-llld-
BtM, iB-vln'ot-lilll-ty, n. — In-vln'ci-bly, adv.
In-Tt'O-U-bto (-vi'd.U.bn), a. 1. Not vioUble ; ta-
cred; holy. 2. Unvlolated; undeflled. 3. Not capable
of being broken or violated. — Ill-¥t'0-U-1llo-IMM, In-
Tt'o-U-liai-ty, n. - In-TfO-U-UT, adv.
Ill-Vl'oaAtO(-ltt),Iii-Yl'e-U'ted.a. 1. Not violated;
uninjured ; unhurt. 2. Not profaned ; chaate ; pure.
In-vlsl-ttto (-vIiT-b'l), a. LF- : L. inviHMU.] In-
capable of being neen ; not visible. ^ n. An i.tviaible
person or thing ; Ood, the Supreme B*)ing. — In-Ttet-
U^-noas, In-virllilll-ty, n. — la-Tlsl-Uy, adv.
InfnrtMftioa (-vT-a'shQn), n. 1. An inviting ; solici-
tation ; the requesting a pei-son's company. 2. Docu-
ment, or sp<Aen words, by which one is invited.
hk-^VtMrt»rr (-yVU^tt-rf), a. Containing invitation.
InMW ("Vlf ), V. t. LL. int^Uare. See Vib.1 1. To
summon ; to request the company of. 2. To allure ; to
tempt to come. 3. To give occasion for ; as, to invite
criticism. — Itt-ytt'or, n.
Syn. - To solicit ; bid ; ask ; attract ; peranade.
In'TO-OAtO (Tn'vft-kSt), v. t. To invoke.
In'TO-OA'tlOB, n. [F. ; L. invocatio.'\ 1. A calling
for the assistance of some superior being ; prayer to a
divine being. 2. A legal call, demand, or order.
In^TOllM' (Tn'voisO, n. [F. enrou, pi. of envoi a send-
ing or thinn sent, fr. envoyer to send. See Ekvot.]
1. A priced list of merchandise sent to a purchaser.
2. Lot of goods shipped or received. — v. t. To make a
written list of ; to insert in a priced list.
In-TOlM' (Tn-v5k'), r. i. [P. inxoquer, L. invocare;
J>ref . <n- in, on -f- vocare to caU, f r. vox voice.] To call on
or aid ; to invite earnestly ; .
to implore. i' . *,
In-TOl'll-Ort (-v51'ft-s»l), n.
[Dim. of inro/tMrre, or involu-
erum.'] A partial, secondary,
or small involucre.
In'TO-ln^oro (Tn'vt-lu^-
k3r),f}. [L.inro/M<rrum a cov-
ering, wrapper, fr. inroirere
to envelop. ] Whorl or set of
bracts around a flower, um«
bel, or head.
In-Tolliii-U-ry (-vwiin-
tt-rj^)t a. [L. involitniaritis.} 1. Not having will or power
of choice. 2. Not under control of the will ;
not voluntary. 3. Not proceeding from
choice ; done unwillingly ; reluctant ; com-
pulsory. — In-Tid'nii-U-rl-ly, adv. — in-
▼ol'an-U-rl-iioas, n. , . ,
In'TO-lntoCTn'vft-lut)./?. [L. {ni^olrere. Hoction of an
-vointum. See Involve.] Rolled inward involute Leaf,
from the edges, ^n. A geometrical curve traced by the
end of a string wound upon another curve, «
or unwound from it ; — called also evolv-
ent. — in'To-la'ted, a.
In'VO-lll'ttolli n. 1. An involving or
infoMing. 2. A being entangled or in-
volved ; complication ; entanglement. 3.
That in which anything is involved or
wrapped ; envelope. 4. Insertion of
clauses between the subject and aDF.FO Inrolnte tnice<l
the verb, so as to involve or com- by the «triiig R un-
pllcate the construction. 6. The »onn.l fnun the Etc-
raising a quantity to any power ""*''•''' •
assigned ; multiplication of a quantity into itself a given
number of times ; — reverse of evoltUion.
In-TOlTie' ( v51v'), r. /. [L. inrolverr^ -rohttHm^ to roll
about, wrap up ; pr^f, in- •[• volrere to roll.] 1. To roll
or fold up ; to viind round ; to entwine. 2. To envelop
completely ; to cover ; to hide. 3. To complicate or make
intricate. 4. To connect with something as a consequence
nrtjtuefv J fi h lnYoluCt' It-
er elTect ; to huclude neoMnrily ; to imply, ft. To infold,
entangle, or embarrass. 6- To engage thoroughly ; to
QCQ-iT,i' nr -[} »- » *"« T-r^rir •■- tmj a^-fgnrrl prrn-rr : t^
mull .[■►>■. "i^.'U^il , I II, :-■ .L.- i. ;i, ,^l*4^ill liHiuv-^-t ^.J |,,l,r.rfc
— la-TOlT'ed nfloi Ou-vdiv^«d ri««), la-volTi'aMit n-
S^'iii - Tr» IifvrjLvn :, Ihtlt i lui'lude : impUc^le : coia-
pli( tti^ , riit.iii^k'' ; embiLrrdMi j ovtrwbeliD. — ii*^hi^ IJitOP'
por« 'I hi r j'j'if 'jiuf, ur to tet forth ; tbai> au in/iftAf ci)nC4l^
meiiT «.^ rate iairJy to bn* ujiclmntaod, iliough not sei jorili
in ) < <[ Hi . fn*'/i(y Kw^ beyi>ijd thr^ toirrij iuLtMpretsitioa oi
thiii^:. jutm tlieir lit^issMiry re; hLtiom 4 vud heucc^ if on*
thibi^ .t^i,>iif.i :Lj!iinh<«r, H (hd i^f^iitauii U tliftt the tii^aiu^
go t<<«;i'Ut<^r Li J' JJI iT1ill!i«0]llbl(» CDIlti4Kti(Hi-
tn vni^nar-a-Me i h^vU.j^i?r A-b'l;i, 'i. Nat vuiqenib]*;
inc:s,fiiij<Ji' -nt i.M'iiijti «tni/Mi#i;!, nr of r^cpivlng iujuryt — fta->
vnl'Diir-a blfl-nMAn la tqI n«Ti-litll4r, n. [wsiL i
La wall' i-w dl'L I L Tc> iu(?l^»e. Of fact I ^y ai with a J
la'wiii[ (.In'yt&vii}, n. LAS', intrrard, ti. innft* wtthio
to f^iitiLurd. 2. S;::aUd iu the mind, heart, or aouL*-A.
That which is witliin ; in pi.., the viscera.
In'ward, In'wardS (-wSrds), adv. l. Toward th« in-
terior. 2. Into the mind or thoughts ; inwardly.
Ill^irard-ly> adv. [AS. inweardtice.} 1. In the inner
ports; internally. 2. Toward the center; inward. 3.
In the heart or mind ; mentally ; privately ; secretly.
In-WOATe' (-w9t^), r. t. To weave in ; to interlace.
In-wrmp' (-rip'), v. t. [Written also enwrap.} Tto
cover by wrapping ; to involve ; to infold.
In-WTMtlM' (-rSth'), r. /. [Written also enwreaihe,}
To surround or encompass as with a wreath.
In-wrought' (-r^tO. P- p- or a. Wrought or workad
in or among other thin^pi ; worked into any fabric
Fo {yt\ n. [L.] Exclamation of joy or triumph.
I'<KUde (-did or -did), n. Binary compound of lodtne.
ro-dlM (-dTn or -dSn), n. [Or. u^iyc violetlike ; l» a
violet -j- «Uoc form ; — f r. the violet color of its v^ior.l
A nonmetallic element, formerly obtained from ashes of
seaweed, now extracted from natural brines. Iodine and
its compounds are used in medicine, in photography, in
preparing aniline dyes, etc.
iH/ni-an (t-S'nT-an), a. Ionic. *n. A native of Ionia.
I-onlo (-SuTk), a. 1. Pert, to Ionia or the loniana.
2. Pert, to the Ionic order of
architecture, one of the three or-
ders invented by the Greeks.
^ n. 1. (a) A poetic foot con-
sisting of four syllables : either
two long and two short (the
greater Ionic) or two short and
two long (the *»»«//«• /oMii'). (6)
A verse or meter consisting ox
Ionic feet. 2. The Ionic dialect.
3. Ionic type, a heavy -faced
printing type.
fS^ This is Nonpareil Ionic.
I-Ota (t-5aA), n. [Or. Jira.]
1. The ninth letter of the Oreek lonie Order,
alphabet (i), corresponding with
the English i. 2. A very small qiuuitity ; Jot ; particle.
Il^»-oao (Tp't-kik), n. Abbr. of iPBCACUAiniA.
Ip'e-cao'a-anlUI (-tt-iu'i), n. [Pg. ; f r. Braz. ipe-kaa-
giienn, prop., a creeping plant that causes vomiting.] A
Brazilian rubiaceous herb, used as an emetic.
I-ns'ci-blO (t-rfo'sT-bn), a. [L. irascibUu, f r. irtuci to
be angry, ira anger.] Prone to anger ; irritable. — I-IBfl'-
d-ble-ness, I-nui'oi-1illl-ty,n. — I-nui'd-Uy, adv.
I-nite' (-rif), «. [L.iragei,iratu*.'\ Angry ; enraged.
Iro (ir), n. [P., fr. L. ira.} Anger ; wrath. [Poei.}
Syn. — Anger ; passion ; rage ; fury. See Avesn.
Iretnl (Ir'ful), a. Full of ire ; angry ; wroth.
Iri-dM'oeilt (Tr'T-d»8'8<T»t), a. [L. irin, iridit, rain-
bow. ] Having colors like the rainbow ; exhibiting a pUy
of changeable colors ; prismatic. — Irl-dM^OtHOtr R-
I-ridl-imi (t-rTdl-fim), n. [NL., fr. L. fri#, iridU^
%f^\,^^,\oDg\9^^,%,h,ik^f,t^ot%\miMXi^%yeaA^\^M^t\mj,tLvit»,<^
mis
307
IRRITABILnT
I fr. fbe IrUlatcenoe of some of its ■olatlont.] A
ran metallic element, reaembliug pUtinum.
Ills (i^r«), n. ;pl. S. lBi8i8(-«z), L. lRii>n(Tra<d8x).
L VTL. Iri*t IriaiSf the goddess. Or. 2pif , ipc^, the rainbow,
iria of the eje, plant Iris.] 1. Tue goddeaa of the rain-
bow, and meaeenger of tbe gods. 2. The rainbow. 3.
An Mppearaoce like the rainbow ; priunatio play of colore.
^ Th« contractile membrane perforated by the pupil,
forming the colored portion of the eye. See Era. 6. A
genua of planU including the flower^ie-luoe, orris, and
other apeciea of flag.
I'liS&Ci'rTdh), a. [AS. Iri$e, fr. Treu the Irish. Gf.
Abtah, Ebsb.] Pertainimf to Ireland or its inhabitants.
~ n. tina. A pi. l.pl. The hihabitanta of Ireland, eap.
the Oeltio natives. 2. The language of the Irish.
Itllll-llUUl, n. Que of Irish race ; an Hibernian.
U (8rk), V. t. [OE. irkm to tire.] To weary ; to annoy.
Ikk'MBM (-stun), a. Wearisome; tedious. — lAf-
■MM-ly, adv. — Ilk'lOm»-n0S3, n.
Syn.— IsssoiiB ; Wsaummx ; Tbdious ; tiresome ; vex-
atious ; burdensome. — Irksome is applied to something
which dissusta by ita nature or quality. Wearisome de-
notes that which urears us out by severe labor. Tedious
ia applied to something wiiich tires us out by the length
ol time occupied in its performance.
Vna (i'iirn), n. [AS. iren, foen, Uem; akin to O.
eCiea.] 1. Tbe most common and useful metallic ele-
ment, being reduced In three principal forms, cast iron^
tteelf and xorougkt iron. 2. An instrument made of iron.
3. p/. Fettara; chains.^ a. 1. Ifade or consisting of
iron. 2. Like iron in hardness, strength, insensibility,
etc. — V. /. 1. To smooth with an iron instrument ; to
smooth (cloth) with a heated flatiron. 2. To shackle with
irona. 3. To furnish or arm with iron.
Ftan-oUd' (-klSdO, a. 1. CUd in iron ; protected or
covered with iron. 2. Rigorous ; exacting. [Colloq,^^
a. A naval vessel having tbe parts above water protected
' by iron or steel sufBclently strong to resist heavy shot.
I-ranlo-al (t-r»n^-kal), I-nmao, a. 1. Pertaining to,
or characterised by, irony. 2. Addicted to the use of
irony. — I-nmliHd-ly, adv. — I-nmlo-al-noss, n.
VnnrmsmfMiK (Ilim-mfiQ^ffSr), n. Dealer iu hardware.
Fron-WOrk' (-wOrk'), n. Anythhiff made of iron.
VtfUk-J (i'Qrn-y), a. 1. Hade of iron ; partaking of
iron. 2. Resembling iron iu taste, hardness, ete.
Ftom-y (Pr&n-j^), n. [L. ironic^ Gr. eipwveta dissim-
ulation, fr. 9ipmv a dissembler, fr. etpetv to speak.] 1.
Diaaimulation. 2. A sort of humor whose meaning is
contrary to the literal sense of the words.
Ir-nfdl-anoo (Tr-riMT-ans), \n. 1. An irradiating.
Ir^tt'dl-ail-CJ (-on-sf), I 2. Luster ; splendor.
Ir-rm'dl-ato (-St), r. t [L. irradiare, -aium. See In-
and IUduti.1 1. To throw rays of light upon ; to illu-
minate ; to brighten. 2. To animate by heat or light. *
V. i. To emit rays ; to shine, —a. Illuminated ; irradiated.
Ir-ia'dl-atlQIl, n. [F.] l. An irradiatmg, or behig
irradiated. 2. Ulnmination ; irradiance; brilliancy.
U-nrtUm-al (.rfc»h^n-al), a. 1. Not rational ; void
of reason or understanding. 2. Absurd ; foolish. 3. Not
capable of being exactly expressed by an integral num-
ber, or byavulgar fraction ; surd ; —said esp. of roots. —
Ir-ra^oD-ai-lT. (Kit;, -ir-ra'tioii-ali-ty f«iT-ty), n.
ojn. —Foolish : preposterous : senseless. See ABamD.
ttn<iUdmrm-Vie (Tr^r^klam'ftrbM), a. Incapable of
being reclaimed. — Ir'ra-ClAlm'A-bly, adr.
Ir-rao'OII-orU-hle (-rSk'Cn-BiaA.bn), a. Not re<H>ncil«.
ble ; implacable ; *
BOU, -Ml'l-
Ir-fto'oo- ^ _.. .
Itn^OW^n-i-hiB (-T^kOv^r-i^bn^; a. Not capable of
being recovered ; irreparable. — Ir'ra-oov'er-A-bly « adv.
Syn.— Irremediable; inciirable; hopeless.
Ir^O^etm'a-bto HSm'A-b'l), a. Not redeemable;
not payable in gold or sUver ; — used esp. of notes not
convertible into coin at the holder^s pleasure.
wH-ur AB-iuv vi^a'cn-Bi' i»-o i), a. pi oi re<H>ncila-
^lacable ; incompatible. — ur-roc'on-€i'U-Ue-
ll'l-ty, n. — Ir-TM'OII-Oi^-bly, adv.
OO-dia-a'tlOB(-sTl'T-i'shan), n. Disafrreement.
inr»4a'el4>le (-dQ'sT.b*l), a. 1. incapable of being
reduced, or brought into a dliferent state, or of restora-
tion to ita proper condition. 2. IncapaUe of being re-
duced to a simpler mathematical form of expression.
Ir-rarim-ga-ble (-rW'rA-gA-b'l), a. [F. ; L. irre/ra^
gabiiis.} Not refnigable ; not to be gainsaid or denied.
— Ir-nirni-fa-bly, adv. — Ir-raf rt-ga-bUI-ty, n.
Syn. — Incontrovertible ; indubitatle ; undeniable.
irre-tara-bto (Ir^rt-fufi-bU or Tr-rSt'tt-tA-bU), a.
Not to be refuted ; indisputable. — Ir^n-tat'A-bly, adv.
Ir-rogtl-Iar (Ir-r6g'd-l8r), a. Not regular ; not con-
forming to general law, method, or usage ; not normal;
unsymmetrical ; not straight ; not uniform. — Ir-rtgll-
lar-ly, adv. — ir-rt^'a-Url-ty (-Wrnr-ty). n.
8yn. — Immethodical ; unsystematic : abnormal ; un*
natural ; ecoeutric ; disorderly ; wild ; vicious.
Ir-nl'a-ti¥« (-rei'A-tTv), a. Not reUtive; without
mutual relAtions; unconnected. — Ir-nl'A-tiTe-ly , adv.
Ir-r«l'e-T«llt (4-vant), a. Not relevant ; not appli-
cable : not serving to support ; extraneous. — Ir-r^'e-
Tant4y, a<f r. — ir-ral'e-TaiiM, Ir-ral'e-Taii-cy, n.
Itn-Wtfon (-rt-lli'ttu), n. The being irreligious;
want of religion ; impiety. — lrr»-ll'gllNIS (-llfas), a.
— irre-lfgioui-ly, adr.
irrd-mo'dl-A-bU (-mS^dl-A-bn), a. Not to be reme-
died, corrected, or redressed ; incurable. — iT'ro-aa'dl-
a-Uy, adv. — urr»-me'dl-«-ble-iMM, n.
Ir-np'a-im-bto (-rep^ft-ri-b*!), a. Not reparable ; not
capable of behig repaired, regained, or remedied ; irre-
trievable ; irremediable. — Ir-reP'A-ni-bly, adv. — If'
nv^ti'TtL'Viid'nmB, Ir-rap^a-n-lui'i-ty, n.
fr'ro-pMa'a-blO (-rt-plKA-bU), a. Not repeaUble.
irn-pnH'i-blo (-pr«s'I-b'l), a. Not capable of being
repressed, restrained, or controlled.
Irre-pnNloll'a-blo (-prSch'A-b'l), a. Not reproachable;
above reproach ; blameless. — Ir'n-pnNloll'A-bly, adv.
Il^re-Slsf aSM (-sTsfans), n. Nonresistanoe ; passive
submission.
IlTe-flisf l-Ue (-sTst^-bn), a. That can not be auo-
cessf ully resisted or opposed ; superior to opposition ;
resifttlejs ; overpowering.— iTrs-MStl-bly, otfr.— iTro-
■litl-ble-noss, irre-i&M-bliaty. n.
IrrtS'O-lllto (-riSz'^.mt), a. Not resolute ; not de-
cided. — Ir-rWo-lme-ly, adv. — Ir-rat'o-lato-iMn, p
Syn. — Wavering ; unsettled ; fickle ; inconstant.
Ir-nro-la'tton (-Ki'shttn), n. [F.] Want of reaola.
tion ; fluctuation of mind ; indeclHion ; vacillation.
Ttn-B^tt/ttw (-spSk'tTv), a. Without regard for con-
ditions or consequences. — &r'r»-Bpeo'li¥9-ly, adv.
Ir-rM'ni.ni-blo (Tr-riSe'pI-rA-b'l or Tr'rJ-spIr'Arb'l), a.
Not respirable ; unfit to support animal life.
frre-spon'Bl-bto (-r^-spdu'nT-bM), a. 1. Not respond
sible. 2. Not to be trusted. —iTrd-spcm'Bl-Ull-ty, n.
ttn-t&DftkWt (-Uln'tTv), a. Not retentive.
frre-txlST'a-bio (-trSv'i-bM), a. Not retrievable ; ir-
recoverable ; irreparable. — Ir^rd-tlltT'A-bly, adv.
Syn. — Irremediable ; incurable; irrecoverable.
Ir-raT'er-ont (-r6v^r-eut), a. Not reverent ; lacking
veneration. — Ir-i«T'er-«iiMy, adv. — Ir-r«T'«r-oiioe, n.
Ir'r»-Tenl-blO (-rl-vSrs^-b'l), a. 1. Incapable of be-
ing reversed or turned back. 2. Not to be annulled. —
Ir're-Tozi't-bly, <r^r. — irre-versl-ble-iieas, n.
Syn. — Irrevocable : irrapealable ; unchangeable.
Ir-rov'O-CA-blo (-lev'&.kA-bM), a. Incapable of beii«
revoked ; irreversible ; unalterable. — Ir-rtT'O-oa-Uy,
adv. — Ir-roT'o-cA-ble-neas, Ir-rav'o-oa-blia-ty, n.
Ir'rl-gate (Tr'rT-gat), V. t. [L. irrigare, -gatum ; ir-
in -^Hgare to water.] To wet; to water (land) by
causing a stream to flow throngh it. — Ir'rl^A'tlon, n.
Ir'rl-U-ble (-tA-b'l), a. [L. inHabilis.'] 1. Capable
of being irritated. 2. Easily exasperated. 3. Excitable
to action by application of stimuli. 4. Unduly sensitive
to irritante or stimuli. — Ir'll-U-blll-ty, n.
Syn. — Excitable ; irascible ; touchy ; fretful ; peevish.
lira, recent, drb, r^|de, f^, Urn, fdbd, f<ft>t, oat, oil, obair, go, sins, Ink, then, thin.
IRRITANT
308
IZZARD
Irtrl-taBt (Tr'rT.tant). a. [L. irritanSf -mtU, p. pr. of
irriiare to irriUte.] Irritating.— n. 1. TUU which
irritAtM or excites. 8. Poieon producing inlhunmatiou.
Ir'H-tet*, r. L [L. irriiare, -iaium.} 1. To incresM
the action or rioleuce of; to intenaily. 8. To excite
anger in. 3. To produce physical irritation iu ; to •tuu-
ulate. 4. To make morbidly excitable, or overaeuaitiTe.
— IMI-Utloil, n. — Zr'fMft-ttTt (Utl*), o.
Syn. — To ImxirATm; Pbovokb; KxAkraaATi: fret;
mname ; excite ; tease ; rex ; auger : mcenM ; enrage. —
These words express different stages of excited or augnr
teeliug. JrritaU denotes an excitement of quick teel-
iug wuich \m only momentary. To provoke impliea the
awakening <rf some open expreaaion of auger, tmtperate
denotes a provoking of auger at someUiiug unendurable.
Ir-ffUpUM (-rft^ahfiu), n. TL. irruptio, Ir. pref. ir-
in 4- rumpere to break, burst. J 1. A bursting in. 2.
Violent inroad, or entrance of iuTadera.
Syn. — Invasion ; incursion ; inroad. See Imrasiov.
Ir-mp'tiT* (-tlv), a. Kushiug iu or upcm.
Is (Tf), V. i. lAH. ; aUn to O. <& Goth, ist, L. est. Or.
ivri.] The third person singtilar of the substantive verb
5e, in the indicative mood, present tense.
rift-fOa (i'si-g8n), n. [Or. looc equal + ym^U angle.]
A figure or polygon whose angles are equaL
b'Olll^d (Ts^-al), IrobUtio (-Stnk), a. [Or. 'urvio^
hip Joint, hip, loin.] Pertaiuiug to the isekiMm or hip.
inriB-glAM (i'xIy-glAs), n. [D. huizenblas, Ut., blad>
der of tiTe huso, or Urge sturgeon ; huixen sturgeon -}-
bias bladder.] 1. A very pure form of gelatin, chiefly
prepared from sounds or air bladders of stuigeons, and
used for making jelliea, aa a olarifier, etc. Called also
fish glue. 2. Popular name for mica, esp. in thin sheets.
iram (Tslim), n. [Ar. Ulam obedience to the will
of Oodjsubmissiou.l 1. Religion of the Mohammedans ;
Mohammedanism. 2. The whole body of Mohammedans ;
countries which they occupy. — Is^km-lm (-Ts*m), n.
—WlMm-kf (-it), n. - iriam-ltio (-TtTk), a.
IllAIld (i'lond), n. [AB. Igland, eglond ; fp, ig, is-
land 4- land, land, land.] A tract of land surrounded
by wster, and smaller than a continent.
IslAlld-«r, n. An inhabitant of an island.
IlU (H), n. [OF. ; L. <n*iita.'\ An island.
Islet (in«t), n. [pV.UUUe.] A little ishuid.
I-SOOhTO-nal (t-s5k'r6-nal). I-SOOh'TO-IIOIUi (-nOs), a,
[Or. ia6xpovoi ; mtoc equal -{ xP^vot time.1 Uniform In
time ; of equal time ; recurring at regular intervals.
I'SO-Utt (i'«t-lat or Wt')y v. t. [It. isolate, p. p. of
isolare to isoUte, fr. isola island, L. insula.} To place
by itself or alone ; to innulate. — I'SO-U'tUui, n.
I'SO-merlo (i's^-mSr^k), a. [Iso- -{- Or. fi^poi part.]
Having the same percentage composition ; containing the
ikme ingredients in the same proportions by weight.
I-SOm'tr-lm (t-s5m'2r-Tc*m), n. SUte, quality, or
relation, of two or more isomeric substsnces.
I'lQ-mtt'rio (-mSt'rlk), \ a, [/#o- -|- Or. fi^rpov meas-
rso-nMfriO-al (-rT-kal), f ure.] Pertaining to, or
characterised by, equality of measure.
Fso-pod (-pOd), a. Having the legs similar In struc-
ture : belonging to the Isopoda. — n. One of the Isopoda.
|i I-SOp'O-da (-sOp'd-dA), n. pL [NL. See Iso-, and
•POOA.] An order of aesaile-eyed Crustacea, usually hav-
ing Bfr^n pairs of legs, all similar in structure.
I-MToe-les (-sSs'dJ-lgz), rt, [L., fr. Or.
iaoaKtXi^ : laoi equal -j- <r«ccAoc leg.] Having
two equal legs or sides ; — said of a triangle.
I'SO-tlmnni (I'sS-thSrm), n. [I*o- -f Or.
0^ptiri heat, fr. $€01169 hot.] A line marking
poinU on the earth's surface having the same •xMonzle.
temperature. •
rso-tlltr'mal (-thSKmal), a. (a) Relating to equalitpr
of temperature. (6) Referring to the geographical distri-
bution of temperature, as exhibited by isotherms.
Il^-«l-lte (Ts'rt-^I-it), n. [L. Jsra^lUes, Or. *I<rpa-
i)AtTiTf, fr. *I<rpai)A, 'I<rpdijAo«, Israel, Heb. yi*r<i^/.] A
descendant of lanel, or Jacob; sHetmw; Jew.—li^gi^
•1-ttlO (Ts'rft-a.Ttntk). Lil»^4'tlik (-f tiah), a.
to'SM (Ish^), n. [F. ; fr. OF. itsir, eissir, to go out,
L. eztre; ex out of, from -^ ire to go.] 1. A pasnng or
Howuig out ; ngresB 8. A swiding oat ; delivery. S.
That which passes out; quantity emitted at one time.
4. Progeny; olfapring. 6. Produce of tbe earth, or
profit* of land or other property. 6. A dischai^ or flux,
as Oa blood. 7. An artificial ulcer, to produce aecretioB
and discharge of pua. •. The final outcome or result ; up-
ahot ; event ; test ; trisL 8. A point in controveny ; a
presentation of alternatives between which to choose. —
V. i, 1. To paaa or fiow out. 2. To go out ; to sally
forth. 3. To proceed, as from a source. 4. To pro-
ceed, as progeny ; to be descended. 6. To grow or ac-
crue ; to arise ; to proceed. 6. To close ; to end ; to
turn out. ^ r. f . 1. To send out ; to put into drcnl*-
tion. 2. To deliver for use. 3. To send out oflldaUy ;
to deliver by authority.
Istk^OS (Ts'mfis or Tst'-), n. [L. ; Or. t9«^ a neck,
neck of laud between two seas.] Strip of land joining a
peninsula to the mainland.
It (U), pron, [AS. hU.\ Neuter pronoun of the third
person, corren. to masc he and fem. she ; that thing.
I-tal1«B (I-tll'yan), a. [F. iialien. It. t/o/tono.]
Pertaining to Italy, Its people, or their Isnguage. — w.
1. An inhabitant of Italy. 2. language of t^ Italians.
I-tal'IO, a. 1. Relating to Italy or to its people. 2.
Apnlied to a kind of type whose letters slope toward the
rigni. ^n. An Italic letter, character, or type.
I-tall-«lM (-T-siz), V. t. & i. To print iu Italic char-
acters ; to underline written words with a aingle line.
Itoh (Teh), r. i. [AS. giccan.} 1. To have an uneasy
sensation in the akin, inclining one to scratch the part
affected. 2. To have a constant desire or teasiiw un-
easiness ; to long for. — n. 1. A cootsgious erupUon of
small veaiclea, produced by the entrance of a parasitic
mite, uid attended with itchiuff. 2. Any itching erup-
tion. 3. A constant irritating desire, [ing sensation.!
Itoh'y i'S)y a. Infected with the itch, or with an ltch-|
Item (i'lCm), a4ir. [L.] Also ; as an additional arti-
cle.—n. 1. An article; separate particular in an ac-
count. 2. A short article in a newspi^wr ; a paragraph.
rttm-lSS (-is)t <*• '• To fttate iu itema, or by particulars.
Iftr-Ate (Ifer-it), r. t. [L. iterate, -atum, to repeat,
fr. iierum again.] To utter or do a second time or many
Umea. — it'ar-a'tiM, n. — It'ar-a-tlT» (-A-tIv), a.
I-tln'tr-a-cy Ct-tTn^r.A-sy),I-tlii'er-sa-©y {-au-tf^n.
1. An itinersting ; a passing from place to place. 2. A
discharge of official auty involving frequent change of
residence : body of peraons who thus discharge duty.
I-tln'or-Allt, a. [LL. itinertt9u, -antis, n. pr. of M-
nerare to make a Journey, f r. L. tier, Hineris, journey.]
Passing about a country; wandering; not settled. ^n.
One who travels, esp. a preacher ; one who Is unsettled.
I-ttn'ar-A-ry (-t-r^), a. [L. Utnerarius,} Itinerant.
» n. An account of travels ; a guide to travelers.
I-tln'tr-ate (-it), v. i. [LL. Uinerare, -atum. See
InintaAKT.] To travel, esp. to preach, lecture, eto.
Its (tU). Possessive form of It.
It-SOir (tt-MU), oron. Neuter re-
ciprocal pronoun of It.
I've (iv). CoUoq. contr. of / have,
I'TO-ry (i'vft-rj), n. [F. iroire, fr.
L. eboreus made of ivory, fr. ebur,
eboris, ivory.] 1. The hard, white
substance constituting the tusks of the
elephant, also of the hippopotamus,
walrus, narwhal, etc 2. The tusks
themselves. 3. A carving In ivory.
I'ry (I'vy), «. [AS-v*^.] I
green climbing plant.
ITsard (Tt^sSrd), n. [Prob. fr. F. ef
zhie and s.j Old name for letter s.
ft, 6, 1, 5, a, long ; li, «, I, 5, «, jf^, short ; senAte, ^vent, tdea, 6bey. rtnlte, c4re, lirm. Ask, ^H, tnal
JABBEB
309
JASPER
J.
JabHMr (jXbOiSr), V. i. & t. To tpeak rapidly, indU-
tiuctlv, or unintelligibly ; to ohfttter ; to gabble. — n.
ilapid or incoherent talk ; gibberiah. — JAl>lMr-«r, n.
Jft'ollltll ififulnth), n. [F. jaeinihe, L. hyadnthtu.^
Hyacinth, a bulbous ttowering plant.
Jaok (jSk), n. [F. Jacque* James, L. Jacobus.} 1.
Kicluiame for Johnr 2, Popular nAm« for
a loUjpr^ 3. A meclianiqal toDtrit-aurc,
or riiiKn>iLDrit«^ pcirt of a cuachlzie^ ot lujuiy
kiudi. 4. A portable mai^tUiie fur eitertinK
^eai pr«i«i]Urei< or liltiug a heavy tioi^y
tlirQu^li « AjriAll dUtniiCf^ B* Tim unnliii ul
certj^u atumaUt As of the bjul 0. A ilii(ft
^ t^atiLaibiojr unly tbc;
tiuian, wiUiout the
fiy \ — umllod nlsa
kti»Ve of a suit of
playinf; (AfdK
Js«k ^H4Ct b O ■> t «
rrofhiue u.h<i}vi< tkiA
I kiie«. — Jt£3t t^thit.
I any oii#f q( flovt^fiU
Sl?«riwi of Iaixp" Aiujtt-
ioui tinTfik, liaviii); vttry I'lri;'-' «us
auii ]uii^ ltfj:ii. — Jack- vlUi-m-
laiit«nii Jmclt-o''lant«ri:i. •.ft\ An
Id'i^l.t l^iMUH i; II urilUi.»*-ttin-tviA|».
t?^' A lM.»t«ni M> jniidei'f a inniiiv
Iriu M io nhovr hi IDumiiiiitlon
thd fcAturv4 of a kumnii f:icr,
e.te^ — Ja«k pUnCt a civrpeiiter's
pLan« f<pr • :o*r*^h work.
Jaok'll ( -f V K ;t. [ Pe rft. ^ A^ ^
j7A.fj/.} A C4trii.|v^foii« noirijid
vi AfrJrM aoiJ Aftir*. i-j^l-»tj^.> *o
the Jug auJ vkiili.
Jaok'a-IUtpMi' (-4-nipa'), n. [For Jack o* ( = o/)
a/»««0 1. A luonkey ; ape. 2. A coxcomb ; impertinent
or conceited fellow.
Jatfk'ai*' (•As'), n. 1. The male ass ; donkey. 2. A
conceited dolt ; perverse blockhead.
Jack'daW (-d a' ), n. European bird akin to the crows.
JMk'tt (-it), n. [F. Jaquettc.} 1. A short coat
without skirts. 2. An outer covering, esp. a covering
of nonconducting material to prevent radiation of heat.
•— V. /. To put a jacket on.
Jaeklmlf*' (-uUOt »• A strong pocket knife.
JaoklMraw' (-akrit'), n. A jack in which a screw is
used for lifting, or exerting pressure.
JaCQ-Ma ^«-bTn), n. [F.] 1. A Dominican friar.
2. One of a society of violent agitators in France ; a tur-
bulent demagogue. 3. A pigeon, whose neck feathers
form a hood. — a. Jacobinical. — Jao'a-lllll'lo-al, a.
JM/0-Mll-lm^ n. Principles of the Jacobins; fac-
tious opposition to legitimate government.
JaO'O-Mtt (-bit), n. [L. Jacobus James.] A partisan
of James the Second of England, or of his descendants,
—a. Pertainhig to the Jacobites. — Jao'o-llltio (-blf-
Ik), Jao'o-liltliMa, <h — Jao'o-blt-lm', n.
Jai/O-lMt (-nSt), n. [F. jaamas.'] Thin cotton fab-
ric, for dresses, neckclotlis, etc. [Written also jacconet. ]
J«0-qiurd'(jik-kKrd' ; F. shi^kiir^), a. Pertaining to
Jacqiinrd^ a French mechanician.
Jacqnard loon, a loom for weaving figured goods, in
patterns determined by a chain of perforated cards.
Jao^-lato (jSk'tt-Kt), v. t. [L. jaculaH, -iatus.] To
throw or cast, as a dart ; to emit. — -Jao'll-lil'tion, n.
Jao^-U-tQ-ry (-l&-t6-rjn, a. Ejaculatory.
Jate (jid), n. [F., fr. Bp. jade.) A very hard stone,
used for ornamental purposes and for implements.
jags or
,n.
Bras.
(jid), n. [Cf. loel. Jaida mare.] 1. M^an horse.
2. A vicious woman, -^v. t. &i. To tire by overwork.
Syn. — To Jad«: Fatioub; Tiki; Wbart: harass.—
Fatigue is the generic term ; tire denotes fatigue which
wastes the strength : weary implies that a person is worn
out by exertion ; jade refers to weariness created by long
and steady repetition of the same act or effort.
JaV (JXs)« »• [Cf. W. gaff cleft, chink.] 1. A notch ;
cleft ; barb ; sharp protuberance. 2. A part broken off ;
fm^nn^nt » v. t. To cut into teeth like a saw ; to notcli.
Jag, iJ [Soot, jaffy jaug^ wallet, pocket.] A small
]u;b<i {rtt hay, grain, ore, etc.). —v. t. To carry (a load of
li«v, t'lt . k IProv. Ena. & Colloq. U. 5.]
^(IK'ted (jig'gfid), Jag'cy (-gy), a. Havhig jai
te^t h; (J ,^ ft. — Jag^f ed-lT, adv. — Jafged-ntss,
JA-guar' ( j&-gwar^or jig'wiir), ». [F. & Pg., fr. 1
yofirtttfo . ] The American tiger.
Jall I jftl), n. [OF. gaole, jaiotCf LL. gabiola^ dim. of
ff-sif '.r . .1 ^ K , L. cavea cage.] A prison. [Written also gaol.}
J4^ii 1 Lni, a prisoner; one who has been couflned in
p r ^ ' .tail delivery, release of prisoners from Jail.
J^'M, JaU'or, n. Keeper of a jail.
Jal'ap (jU'ap). n. [F., fr. Jalapa, a town in Mexico,
whence it was first obtained.] The tubers of a Mexican
climbing plant prepared as purg^ive medicines.
Jam (jiin), V. /. [Perh. Ix.jamb.} 1. To press into
a tight position ; to crowd ; to wedge In. 2. To crush or
bruue. ^ n. Mass of objects crowded together ; crush.
Jam, n. [Prob. it.jamy v. ; but cf. also Kr.jamad ice,
jelly.] A preserve of fruit boiled with sugar and water.
Jamb (jSm), n. [F. jambe leg.] Vertical side of a
door, fireplace, etc.
Jan'gla (jin'gM), v. i. [OF. jangler to raU, quarrel.]
1. To sound discordantly, as bells out of tune. 2. To
talk idlv ; to wrangle. — n. Idle Ulk ; discordsnt noiae.
Jan'l-tor (jlna-t«r), n. [L., fr. janua door.j A
doorkeeper ; one in chanre of a public building, offices,
etc. — Janl-tTMa, Janl-tXlZ [L. janitHxl, n. /.
Jan'ty (jiin'tj^), a. Jaunty.
Janll-a-rT (jfa'A-t-ry), n. [L. Januarius, fr. Janus
old Latin god of the year.1 First month of the year.
Ja-pan' (J&-plnO, n. Work figured in the Japanese
manner ; varnish or btcquer used in iapanning. — a. Pert,
to Japan, or to the lacauered work of that country. —
V. /. To cover with hard, brilliant varnish ; to lacquer.
Jap'ailMa' (jip^&-nSi' or -nSs"), a. Pert, to Japan,
or its inhabitants, —n. sing. &pL 1. An inhabitant, or
the people, of Japan. 2. sing. Language of Japan.
Jar (jiir)i *>• A turn. [Only in phrase.]
On the Jar, on the turn ; ajar, as a door.
Jar, n. [F. iarre^ Sp. jarroy fr. Ar. jarrah ewer.]
1. A deep, broad-mouthed vessel of earthenware or glass.
2. Contents of a jar.
Jar, V. i. [Cf. AS. cearcian to gnash.] 1. To give
forth a tremulous sound ; to sound discordantly. 2.
To clash ; to dispute. — v. t. To sliake ; to shock, ^n.
1. A ratUing vibration or shock ; harsh sound ; discord.
2. Clash of interest or opinions ; collision ; slight disr^
greement. 3. A regular vibration, as of a pendulum.
II Jardl'nlteV' (shAr/di/nytr'), n. [F., fern, of jar^
dirtier gardener.] Ornamental stand for plants, etc.
Jargon (jar'gBn), n. [F.] Confused, unintelligible
language : slang. — v. i. To utter jargon.
Jar'K0-Iiell0'(-gd-ner),n. [F.I Anearly-ripenlngpear.
Jas'mllM (jKs'mTn), n. [F. jasmin, Ar. & Pers. yas-
mln.] A shrubby pUnt, bearing fragrant flowers.
[Written also }>Mamtn«.]
Jas'per (-p8r), n. [OF. jaspre, L. iaspis, Or. iwnrw.]
An opaque, impure quarts, taking a tugh polish, and
used for vases, seals, snuff boxes, etc
f8m, xwMot, 6rb, r«de, f^ «^^ ftfbd, fdbt, out, oil, ohair, go, sing, l^k, tlxen, thin.
JAUNDICE
810
JIB
QXi/dTs), n. [F. iaunUte, tt, /<»«•«» L-
gaUnu yellow.j A morbid condition, cluurActeiised by
yellownets of the eyes, skin, and urine, cauaed usually by
obatruction of the biliary pas8aTO8.^r. /. To affect
with Jaundice ; to prejudice. [Prejudiced ; envious. I
Jann'dlotd (-dlat), a. l. Affected with jaundice. 2.|
JanBt (JKnt), V. L [Cf . Scot jaunder to ramble.] To
ramble here and there ; to atroll.— n. A short journey.
Jana^ (J*n'ty ), a. [Formerly spelt janty^ f r. F. gen-
to.} Airy ; showy ; finical ; fantastic in manner. —
Jaim^ly, adv. — Jann^-iitss, n.
jKWlm (Jlrain), H, [F. iareline, Sp. jabalina.'} A
light spear, to be thrown by the hand.
Jaw (jft)« n. [For ehaw=.cheit.'\ 1. (a) One of the
bones, usually bearing teeth, which form the framework
of the mouth. (6) The bone itself with the teeth and
fleshy covering, (e) In j>/., the mouth. 2. Anything re-
sembling the Jaw of an animal ; esp., p/., the mouth or
way of entrance. 3. One of a pair of movable, opposing
parts of a mechanism for grssping or crushing anything.
4. Impudent talk. iSlang} — v.t&t. To scold. [Low}
Jaw'bOB*' Uft'bOn'), It. Bone of either Jaw; maxilla;
mandible.
Jay (JS)t *•• [OF. gai^Jni.l A small bird, of numer-
ous species, allied to the crows.
jMl'ons (jfil'fis), a. [OP. jalous. LL. telottu sealous,
fr. aeltu zeal, jealousy, Or. ^17X0^.] 1. Zealous ; vigilant.
2. Appreheu^ve; suspicidusly watchful. 3. Exacting
exclusive devotion ; intolerant of rivalry. 4. Disposed
to suspect rivalry ; distrustful ; suspicious of the faith-
fulness of husband, wife, or lover. — JMl'Oll^ly, adv. —
Jeal'oas-BMs, JMl'ons-y, n.
Syn. —Jealous : Suspicious ; anxious ; envious. — Su»-
pictoug is the wider term. - We suspect a person when we
imagine he has some bad design. We are jfalous when
we suspect him of aiming to deprive us of what we prise.
j6ail(jEn),«. [Prob. fr. Genoa.} Twilled cotton cloth.
Jmt (j8r), r. i. [Prob. fr. D. gek*cAe»r»i, lit., to shear
the fool ; gek a fool -j- scheren to sliear.] To utter scoff-
ing reflections ; to taunt. — r. /. To treat with derision ;
to mock at. — It. A railing test ; mockery. — Jetff'tr, n.
Syn. — To sneer ; scoff ; flout ; gibe : mock.
Je-luKyall (j^hS'vA), n. [Heb. ylhOrah.} A Scrip-
ture name of the Supreme Being.
Je-JQIM' ( j^-jun'), a. [L. jejunu* fasting, hungry, dry,
barren.] 1. Lacking substance. 2. Void of interest ;
meager ; dry. — J«-JiiiiOly, adv. — Je-Jmie'aeni, n.
Jelly ( jfil'iy ), n. [Formerly gelly, F. geUe jelly, frost,
fr. gelrr to freeze, L. gelare: akin to gelu frostj 1.
Anytliing brought to a gelatinous condition; stiffened
solution of gelatin, gum, etc. 2. Juice of fruits or meats
boiled with sugar to an elastic consistence, -i-r. i. To
come to the state or consistency of jelly.
Jally-ttsh' (-fTshO, n. A marine radiate animal,
having a Jellylike appearance.
Jen^tt (j8n'n«t), n. [F. genel^ Sp. jinete^ orig., a
mounted soldier.] A small Spanish horse ; (;enet.
Jan'ny (-nj^), n. [Corrup. of gin engine.] A machine
for spinning a number of threads at once.
Jeop'ara (J«p'8rd), Jeop'ard-lia (-iz), ♦•. /. [Fr. jeop-
ardy.} To put in jeopardy. — Jeop'JUrd-OllS, a.
Sjn. — To hazard; risk: imperil: endanger; expose.
Jeop'ard-y (-y), n. [OE. jnpartie, OF. jeu pfirti an
even game, game in which the chances are even.] Ex-
posure to death, loss, or injury.
8yn. — Danger ; peril ; hazard ; risk. See Danokb.
Jar^e-ml'ad \ (jSf ^-ml'Si), n. [Fr. Jeremiah, the
Jar'e-ml'ade i prophet.] A tale of sorrow, disap-
pointment, or complaint.
Jerk (j8rk), V. t. [Cornip. fr. Peruv. chnrqui dried
beef.] To cut (meat) into Btrlps and dry (it) in the sun.
Jerk, r. f. [Akin to yerk, and perh. to yord a meas-
ure.] 1. To give a quick and suddenly arrested thrust,
push, pull, or twist to. 2. To throw with a quick
motion.— v.i. To move withastert, orl^aterte.— a.
A short, sudden poll, thrust, sudden start, or spring.
Jer'ktB (jSrOiIn), n. [Dim. of D. jurk a frw^] A
Jacket or short coat ; close waistcoat.
Jerkfy (jSrk'y ), a. Moving bv jerks and starts.
Jer'aey (JSr'sy), n. [Name of the laigest of the Chm-
nel Islands. J 1. The flnest of wool separated from the
rest. 2. A kind of koittad Jacket 3. One of a breed o<
cattle in the Island of Jersey, yielding very rich milk.
Jea'aa-mllM (j«8's&-mTn), f». Jsemioe.
Jest (Jfist), n. [OF. geMe, LL. gesta, orig., exploita,
neut. pi. from L. guiu*. p. p. of gerere to pCTform.] 1.
Something done or said to amuse. 2. Object of sport;
laughingstock. — e. i. To Joke. — Jesf er, n.
Syn. — ToJbst; Jokb: sport; rally.~Oneie«te in or-
der to make others laugh ; one jokes to please himself.
A jest is usually at the expense of another, axid Is of tan
ill-natured ; a take is a sportive sally designed to promote
good humor without wounding the feelings of its object.
Jes'M-tt (jSi'tttt), %. [F. JUnitt.} 1. One of a
Roman Catholic reUgioos order oallea The Society oC
Jesus. 2. A crafty person ; intriguer.
Jssaits' bark, Peruvian bark ; bark of Cinchona^ diaeor-
ered by Jesuit missionaries to South America.
Jern-tno (-Ttnrk), 1 a. 1. Pert, to the Jesoito or
Jern-ttio^ (-T-kal), ] their methods. 2. Dedgn-
ing ; crafty. — JeT n-lTlo-al-ly , adv.
Jes^n-tt-lam, n. 1. Principles of Jesuits. 2. Cun-
ning ; deceptive practices ; — an opprobrious use.
M (jet), fi. [OF. jetjayet, L. gagaies.} Lignite of vel-
vet blsck color, often wrought into Jewelry, battens, etc
Jet, n. [F. ; L. jaetus a throw, fr. iaetrt to throw.]
A shooting forth ; spurt ; su-*den gush (of water orflamo
from an orifice). — p. i. To shoot forward ; to project.
^v. L To spout ; to emit in a stream or Jet.
Jer-lriaor (-bllkO, a. Black as Jet ; deep black.
II Jet' d*esn^ (shr dSO, »/. Jan d'bau (sbf dSO-
[F.J A stream of water spouting from a fountain or pipe.
Jet'aam (jSt'sam), n. [F.>tf/«r to throw.] 1. Goods
which sink when cast into the sea ; — disting. f r. jlofsam^
goods which float, and ligan, goods sunk attached to a
buoy. 2. Jettison.
Jettl-SOn (-tT-sttn), fi. [OF. getaison a throwing.]
1. The throwing overboard of goods, to lightan a veenl
in danger of wreck. 2. Jetsam. [neaa. a.!
Jetty (-ty), a. Made of Jet, or black as Jet. — JeHl-l
Jetty, n. [F. jeiSe.} 1. A part of a building that
jets beyond the rest, ana overhangs the wall below. 2.
A wharf or pier. 3. A stmctore extended into the sea ;
a mole. [A witticism.!
n Jen' d'erpctr (shSf dSs^prlO. [F., pUy of mind.i|
Jew (Ju or Jn), n. [OF. Juis, pi., L. Judaeus, fr. Heb.
y2fA«kf5AJudah, son of Jacob.] Orig., one of the tribe of
Judah ; any Hebrew ; an Israelite.
Jew'el (Ju'il or Jn'ei), n. [of. joiel, dim. otjoie Joyt
jewel.] 1. An ornament of dress. 2. A precious stone ;
gem. 3. An object of special affection. — r. /. limp. &
p. p. JxwKLBo (-eld), or Jbwkllbo ; p. pr. & vb. n. Jur-
EURO, or Jbwelliko.] To adorn with Jewels.
Jaw'el-er, n. One who makes, or deals in, Jewels,
precious stones, etc. [Written nlaojeireUer.}
Jew'el-ry (-ry), Jew'el4or-y (-iSr-y), n. [Cf. F.
jonillerie.} 1. Art of a jeweler. 2. Jewels, collectively.
Jtm^^am^ n., /em. of Jbw. A Hebrew woman.
Jewiak, a. Pertaining to the Jews or Hebrews.
JewV-liarp' ( Juz'hlirp' or JMi'-), n. IJew -f karp ;
or possibly a corrupt, of jaw^s \
harp. } A musical instrument
which, placed between the teeth,
gives, by means of a bent metal
tongue struck by the finger, a »*— '-.k— «
sound modulated by the breath. ^*^ ''^"^
Jib (jTb), n. [Fr. iU shifting from side to side. See
Jm.] 1. A triangular sail set upon a stay eztendiBg
ft, 8, 1,5, tt, long ; il, «, 1, 5, a, t, short; santta, tvent, tdea, 6bey, finite, c4ra, krm, Ask, «11,
JIB
311
JONQUILLE
from tha foramMt to the bowsprit or jib boom. 8. Pro-
Jeotinf ftrm of a crane, which aupports the load.
Jib boom, a apar or boomeztenaing the bowsprit.
JIb(jTo), V.?. [Akinto^tte.] To move reatively back-
ward or 4dewise, — said of a horae. — Jtb'bar, n. [.Eng.l
JIlM (jib), V. /. [Cf. Dan. gibbe^ dial. 8w. ffippa to
Jerk.1 To shift (the boom of a fore-and-aft aail) from
<Mie aide of a Teasel to the other when the wind Is aft or
on the qoarter. — v. i. 1. To change a ship's course so
as to cause a shifting of the boom. 2. To agree ; to har-
monize. \Colloq.'\ [instant. \,Colloq.'\\
JWtf (jif '9), n. [Written also ffi^.'\ A moment ; I
Jig Ulg), n. [OF. ffigue a stringed instrument, kind
of dance J 1. A orisk musical movement. 2. A lively
dance. 3. A trolling bait, consisting of a bright spoon
Skod a book attached. 4. (a) A small machine or handy
tool. (6) An apparatus for jigging ore. — v. t. 1. To sing
to the tune of a jig. 2. To cheat. 3. To sort (ore) in a
jigger or sieve. — p. i. To dance a jig ; to skip about.
Ag'nr dflK'tfir), n. [Corrupt, of ehigre.'\ A chigoe,
or MMcies of flea, which burrows beneath the skin.
Jlg'CJNr, n. 1. One that jigs ; implement used in jig-
ging. 2. A light tackle used on a ship.
JlmtmUt. (a) After mast of a four-masted vesseL ib)
Bmau mast at the stem of a yawl-rigged boat.
Jlg'gto (-g'l), V. i. [Freq. of jig.'\ To wriggle or frisk
•bout ; to move awkwardly ; to shake up and down.
JUt (jTlt), n. [Scot. jiUei giddy girl.] A coquette;
flirt. ^'V.t.&i. To cast off (a lover) capriciously or un-
feelingly ; to deceive in love.
Jlm'lllT (jTm'mj^), n. A burglar's short crowbar.
Jimp (jimp), a. [Gf. OofP.I Neat ; elegant.
JWtA (JiQ'g1)» V, i, [Prob. akhi to E. chink; also
jan{fie7\ \. To sound with a sharp, rattling, clinking, or
tinkling sound. [Written also ffingle."] 2. To rhyme. —
9. /. To tinkle.— n. 1. A rattling or tinkling sound.
2. Correspondence of sound in rhymes ; the verse itself.
JiBlIM (jTn'nS), n. ; pi. Jikn (jTn). [Ar.] A genius
or demon In Mohammedan mvthology, supposed to be
« child of ftte. [Written also jfn, djinnee^ etc.]
Jo (j9), n, A sweetheart ; darling. [Scot.']
Mt (j5b), n. [Prov. E. job^ gobf n., a small piece of
wood, v., to stab, strike.] 1. A sudden thhist or stab.
2. A piece of ocouional work ; definite work undertaken
in gross for a fixed price. 3. A public transaction done
for private profit ; corrupt official business. 4. A situa-
tion or opportuni^ of work. — p. /. 1. To strike or stab.
2. To do separate portions or lots ; to sublet (work). 3.
To buy and sell, as a broker ; to purchase of importers
or manufacturers in order to sell to retailers. 4. To hire
or let by the job. — v. tf. 1. To do chance work for hire ;
to do petty work. 2. To seek private gain under pre-
tonse of public service. 3. To carry on the business of
jobbhag in merchandise or stocks. — Job'bar, n.
JdlKlMr-7 (-bSr-y), n. A jobbing ; official corruption.
Jdlllillf , a. 1. Doing chance work or odd jobs. 2.
Using opportunities of public service for private gain.
MiMag heaas, a mercantile establishment which buys
from importers or manufacturers, and sells to retailers.
Jook'ty (jSk'y), f». [Dim. of Jncky Scot. Jock; orig.,
a boy who rides horses.] 1. A professional rider of horses
in races. 2. A horse trader. 3. A cheat. — v. t. & i.
To trick ; to cheat. — Jook'flJ-lsm, n.
JO-OOM' (j^-k5«0. «• [L. jocosus, fr. joctu joke.]
Oiven to jesting ; merry : sportive. — Jo-<XNM1t, adv.
— Jo^onOuM, Jo-oos'1-ty (-k5^-tj^), n.
Byn*— Jocular; facetious; witty; funny; comioaL
Joe^-l«r (JSk'tt-Wr), a. {t^Joetdaris, tr.Joculug, dim.
of Joeus."] Oiven to jesting ; merry. — Joo'n-larl-ty
(-Ifcnr-ty y. n. — Joom-lar-lir (-ISr-iy ), adv.
Joo^Wld (-find), a. [L. jocundusy orig., helpful, fr.
jHvare to help.] Mernr; gay; lively. — Joo'imd-ly,
ad9. — Joo^ted-MM, Jo^euB^dl-ty (jft-klin'dT-ty), n.
^VSff (J8g)t V. t. [OK joggen.} 1. To push agalust with
the elbow or hand ; to touch, in order to warn. 2. To
remind. — v. <. To move by jogs or small shocks, like
those of a slow trot ; to move i^owly or monotonously.
— n. 1. A slight shake ; push; jolt. 2. A rub; irregu-
larity in motion or form ; hitch. — Joc'ger, n.
Jom trot, a slow, regular, jolting gait ; bence, a routhie
habit or method, persistently adhered to.
Jog'gle (JVk 1)> V' '• [Freq. of iog.'\ 1. To shake
slightly ; to jostle ; to jog. 2. To jom by means of jog-
gles, so as to prevent slid- , ■». . ..■, — r-^rnMrT 1
fngapart.— p.<. To shake I 4*^ A'"'^l||. A.*^^**^ A.^1....
or totter ; to sUp out of I ' Ttolfmiifc. TTT '"
place. ^ n. A notch or
tooth in the joining surface
of anv pieoe of building
material to prevent slip-
Joggles.
JOlll (join), V. t. [F. joindrcy fr. L. jungere to yoke.]
1. To bring together ; to unite ; to append. 2. To asso-
ciate one^s self to ; to be or become connected with. 3.
To unite in marriage. 4. To engage in (contest), ^v. i.
To be close or in contact ; to mingle ; to form a union.
Syn. — To annex ; imite ; couple :• apoend. See Adzk
Join'or.n. 1. One tliat joins. 2. Mechanic who does
woodwork (as doors, stairs, etc.) for finishing buildings.
3. A wood-working machine.
Syn. — See Cabpemtbe.
JOln'tr-y, n. Trade or work of a joiner.
Joint (joint), n. [F.,fr.y(Mn<fre, p.p.yain/. SeeJonr.]
1. Place or part where two things or parts are joined or
united ; junction. 2. A joining of two things or parts
so as to admit Of motion ; articulation ; hinge. 3. Part
or space included between two joints, knots, nodes, or ar-
ticulations.—a. 1. Joined; united ; concerted. 2. In-
volving the united activity of two or more. 3. United or
sharing with others ; acting together ; held in common.
Joint BBsotlBf , or Joint session, the meeting or session of
two distinct bodies as one. — Joint stock, stock held in
company. — Joint-stock company, a soecies of partnership,
consisting generally of a large number of members.
— p. /. X To unite by joints ; to fit together. 2. To
join ; to unite. 3. To provide with joints ; to srticulate.
4. To separate the joints of; to disjoint; to cut up
(meat) into joints. — Jolllftr, n.
JolnMy, adv. Together ; unitedly ; in concert.
Joillt'rMNI, n. A woman who has a johiture.
Joln'tlirt (join'tfkr ; 40), n. [F^ ; L. iunctura^ fr.
jungere to join.] An estate settled on a wife, which she
u to enjoy after her husband*s decease, in satisfaction of
dower, -i- p. t. To settle a jointure upon.
Joist (joist), n. [OE. & OF. giste, f r. geHr to Ue.l A
timber laid horizontally, to which planks of the floor,
laths, etc., are nailed^^-p. /. To furnish with joists.
Joke (j9k), n. [L. joctu. Cf. Jocular, Juoouib.] 1.
Something witty or sportive ; a jest ; witticism. 2. Some-
thing not said seriously ; something done in sport, —p. /.
To make merry with ; to banter. — p. i. To do something
for sport, or as a joke ; to be merry. — JOk'ar ySk'Sr), n.
Syn. — To jest ; sport ; rally : banter. See Jbst.
M'VL-IUmftiaa (j6l'lT-fT-ki'shiin), n. IJolly + L
•fieare (in comp.) to make.] A merrymaking. [Co/Zoo.]
Jolly(j51iy),a. [OF. joli Jolt/,] 1. FuUoflifewid
mirth ; jovial ; merry. 2. Expressing mirth, or inspiring
it. 3. Of flue appearance ; lively ; agreeable ; pleasant.
— JolOl-lT. tfrft'- — JolOl-noi*, JolOl-ty. n.
8yn.— Merriment ; mirth ; gayety ; festivity ; hilarity.
Jolly-lKMt' (-b<")t'), n. [A corruption of DtaLJoUe
or D.jol yawl -)- E. boat."] A ship's boat of medium sise.
Jolt asit)* v.L&t. TProb. fr. iote, jowl, and orig.
meaning, to knock on the head.] To shake with abrupt
risings and fallings, as a carriage moving on rough ground,
^n. A sudden shock or jerk. — Jolfor, n.
Jon'llllil Hj5n'kwTl),n. [r.jonquillejtr.Jj.Juneut
Jon'qillllo t a rush.] A bulbous plant, allied to the
daffodil. The root has emetic properties.
f<m, T«c«nt, 6rb, r^da, i^Jl, llm, ftfbd, ftfbt, out, oil, elialr, go^ ainSi iQk, then, #i»i«^
JOSS
312
JUGULAR
JOM (J8s), n. [Chineae, corrup. fr. Pg. deo9 God, L.
detM.] AChineMidoL
JoM hovM, a Chinese temple or bonae for worship. —
Joss stick, a reed covered with paste made of the dust of
odoriferous woods, or cylinder made of the paste ; —
burned by the Chinese before an idoL
JM'Ut {HfitTi), V. t. [Dim. of jotul.] [Written also
hutleS^ To run against and shake; to push out of the wav;
to elbow ; to crowd asainst. — r. i. To push ; to hustle.
— n. A crowdii^ or bumpinfr together ; interference.
Jtt (j5t), n. [L. iota^ Or. Iwra, name of the letter t,
smallest letter of the Oreek alphabet.] An ioU ; point ;
tittle; the smallest particle. — v. f. To set down; to
vaake a brief note of.
Jounce (Jouns), V. L & i. [OF. jnncer.} To jolt ; to
shake by rough riding. — n. A Jolt ; shake ; hard trot.
JoorOUd (jCir'nal), n. [F., fr. L. diumalu diurnal,
fr. diumus belonginff to the day, fr. die* day.] 1. A
diary, (a) A book of accounts of the daily transactions,
(fr) Daily register of a ship^s course, etc. (c) Record of
a legislature's daily proceedings, (d) Newspaper or pe-
riodical publication ; magasine. 2. That portion oi a
shaft, axle, roindle, etc., which turns in a bearing or box.
JoOT'lUd-lnil, n. Periodical publication of current
news ; maniwement of newspapers.
Jonr'lUd-ult n. Conductor of a public journal;
professional writer for a periodical.
Jonr'lUd-lM (4k), v. t. To record in a journal or diary.
— r. i. To conduct or contribute to a public journal.
Join^ty (-njn, n. [OF. jomie, jumie, day, day's
work or journey, fr. Jorn^jum^jor^adAyy fr. L. diumtu.}
Travel from <Hie place to another, —v. t. To travel.
Syn. — JouBHKT ; Tour : Exoibsion ; PiLORiXAeB ; trip ;
expeditimi. — Journey suggests prolonged traveling for a
specific object. In a tour^ we take a roundabout course
from place to place. An excursion is a brief trip for pleas-
ure, health, etc In a jdlgrimage we travel to a place hal-
lowed by its associationfi.
Joni'hay-IIUUl, n. Formerly, a man hired to work
by the day ; now, one who has mastered a handicraft or
trade ; — disting. f r. apprentice and f r. master workman.
Jmu'm&f-'WHiA' (-wdrkO* n. Orig., work done by
the day ; work done by a journeyman at his trade.
Joust ( jiist), n. [OE. & OF. juste^ jouste^ fr. L. juxta
near to.] A tilting match ; mock combat between two
mounted knights in the lists. [Written also/iu/.]
JoM-al (jCvT-al), a. [F., fr. L. Jovialis pert, to Jove.l
Gay ; mirth-inspiring ; characterized by jollity. — JoM-
al4y, adv. — Jo'vl.Al noM, Jo'Tl-al'trr (-uT-tj^), n.
Syn. —Merry ; gay ; festive ; jolly ; hilarious.
Jowl (j51), n. [AS. ceafl iaw.l The cheek ; jaw.
Cfcesk by jowl, witn cheeks close together ; side by side.
Jawl'or (j51'8r or joul'Sr), n. Dog with large jowls.
Joy (joi), n. [OE. & OF. joye, L. gaudia, pL of gau-
dium joy, fr. gaudere to rejoice.] 1. Emotion excited
by acquisition or expectation of good, by success, good
fortune, etc. S. That which causes happiness. 3. Ex-
hibition of Joy ; gayety. — r. i. To rejoice ; to exult
Syn. — Oladness : ecstasy ; bliss ; merriment ; hilarity.
Joj'ailOO, n. [OF. Joiance.l Gayety; festivity.
JOT'flll, a. Pull of joy ; causing joy ; very glad. —
Jw'hl'lj, adv. — Jofttd-
JOT^OM, o. Not having joy; unenjoyable. — Joj'-
•-ly, adv. — • — "
- Joy^less-now, n
Joy^ons (-tts), a. [OF.] Glad ; joyful ; affording or
Inspiring joy. — Joy'oiis-ly, adv. — Joy'oiis-noM, n.
Syn.— Merry: lively; gay: glad; happy; delightful.
J^nM-laBt (Ju'bT-Iont), a. [L. Jubilans, -antiSy p. pr. of
Jubilare to shout for joy.] Shouting with joy ; exulting.
Jlll4-latl01l, n. Triumphant nhouting ; exultation.
Jnld-loo (-IS), n. [F. jhM^, L. jubilaeus, fr. Heb.
yObel blast of a trumpet, grand sabbatical year, announced
by sound of tmmpet.] 1. Every fiftieth year, among the
Jews, when all slaves of Hebrew blood were liberated.
2. A triumphant celebration ; season of general joy.
J^UUliO Qt-dmE), ) a. [L. JudaXatt, fr. Judaea
Jte-dalO-Ol (-T-kol), I the country Judea.] Pertain-
ingto the Jews. — Jn-dalo-al-ly, adv.
Wda-lnB ju'di-Ti'm), n. 1. The religious rites of
the Jews as enj<dned in the laws of Mooe^ 8. Conform-
ity to Jewish ceremonies.
Jte'da-lso (-Is), V. i. To conform to tbe doctrlnee cr
methods of tbe Jews. — Ja'da-i'lMT, n.
jQdCO (jfij), n. [OE., OF., & F. /u^, fr. L. fitdex
judge ; /tM law or right -f dieare to proclaim.] 1. A
puuic oflSoer authorixed to determine litigated causes,
and to administer justice in courts. 2. One who has
skill to decide on the merits or value of anything; a
connoisseur; expert; critic 3. An umpire 4. p/. Tbe
seventh book of tbe Old Testament ; Book of Judges.
Syn. — JiTDai; Umfibb; Asstthator; RamaB.- A
judge, in the legal sense, is amagistrate appointed to de-
termine questions of law. An umpire is selected to
decide between contestants for a prise. An arbitrator is
chosen to allot to contestants their portion of a claim. A
referee is one to whom a case Is referred for adjustment.
— V. i. 1. To hear and determine ; to give judgment ; to
pass sentence. 2. To sit in judgment or condemnation ; to
criticise others. 3. To compare facts or ideas, and form
anopinionabout.— V. /. 1. To hear and determine by au-
thority (a case before a court, or a controversy between
Mrties). 2. To exunine and para sentence on ; to doom.
3. To be censorious toward. 4. To think ; to reckon.
Jodg'kllOllt, n. 1. A judging or forming an opinion.
2. The faculty of deciding wisely ; good sense. 3. Re-
sult of judging ; opinion ; decision. 4. The determining
what is co^ormable to justice ; decision or sentence of
a court, or of a judge ; sentence of God as judge of all.
6. A calamity regarded as sent by God, as recompense
for wrong committed. 6. The final award ; last sentence.
Syn. — Discernment ; decision ; sward ; estimate ; crit-
icism ; sagacity ; understanding. See Tasti.
Jn'dl-ca-tlTO (jS'dT-kt-tTv), a. Judicial.
Jn'dlHMl-tO-ry (-ki-ti-r^), a. Pert to adminlstratioB
of justice ; diqieusing justice ; judicial. — n. 1. Court
of justice ; tribunaL 2. Administration of justice.
Wdt-oa-tniO (-tttr; 40), n. [P.] 1. Professioa of
those employed In administering justice ; administration
of justice. 2. A court of justice ; judicstory. 3. Juris-
diction ; extent of jurisdiction of a judge or oooxt.
Jte-dl'dal qd-dTsh'al), a. [L. judicialis, it. Jw
judgment, f r. judex judge.] 1. Pert, to courts of justice,
or to a judge ;~ordered by a court 2. Fitted for judging.
3. Belonging to the judiciary, as disting. fr. legislativt^
administrattve^ or executive. — Ju-4i'clil-ly, adv.
Jn-dl'ola-ry (-&-rj^ or -T-t-rj^), a. Pert to courts of
judicature, or legal tribunals ; judicial. — n. That branch
of government in which judicial power is vested ; system
of courts of justice in a country; the judges collectively.
Jn-4i'0tolU (•dlsh'Ss), a. [F. Judicieux, fr. L. judi-
cium.'] Directed by sound judgment; wiae; disoreet
— Jv-dPolOIUI-ly, adv. — Jte-dl'OlOIUI-lMM, *»•
Syn. — Prudent ; rational ; sagacious ; well-advtoed.
JOff (Jfi8)i *>• [Prob. nickname for Joanna.l 1. A
vesselwith a swelling belly, narrow mouth, and"^ handle
on one side. 2. A prison. [5/ano]— r. t. 1. To stew,
as in a jug in boiling water. 2. To imprison. [Slang']
J^flO (jttg'g*l), r. <. [OF. joglerjugler. SeeJco-
OLBR.l To play tricks by sleight of hand ; to conjure. —
r. /. To deceive by trick or artifice. — n. 1. A trick by
sleight of hand. 2. An imposture ; deception.
Jllg'Clor (-ffl^r), n. [OF. jogleor^ f r. L. joeulator a
jester, fr. joculnri to jest, joke, fr. jocvlus, dim. of ioeus
jest, joke.] 1. One who exhibits tricks by aleiglit of
hand ; a conjurer. 2. A deceiver ; cheat
Jvg'glor-y, n. 1. Art of a juggler. 2. Trickery.
Jn'gn-lmr (ju'gd-l8r), a. [h.jugulum collarbone.]
(a) Pert to the throat or neck, (b) Pert to the jugular.
— n. One of the large veins retundng blood from tbe
head to the heart
ft, 8, 1, o, 11, long ; ft, fi, 1, 5, a, ti •>M>rt ; aenftte, ^vent, tdaa, 6bey, ftnite, cftra, lUmi isk, «]!, fiaal.
JUICE
313
JUSTIFIABLE
J^doe (i3s), n, [F. jtu broth, gnvy. jukse, L. Jut.']
CbaractextBtic fluid of any vegeUble or aoimftl rabstaQoe ;
aap; fluid yielded by meat in cooking.
JvllM'lMn, a. Inking juice ; dry.
JnF«y (Ju'sy), a. Abounding with Juloe ; succulent ;
moist. ~ Jwd-BMSt »•
Jte1«b« (jS'j4b), n. [F., fr. L. »itj(pA«f», Or. ^i^v-
fer.l Tbe sweet snd edible drupes (fruits) of seTeral
»diterrmnean and African trees.
Jtta«p (-Wp), n. [F., fr. Sp. Julepe, fr. Ar. & Per.
Juldb.} i. A drink flavored with aromatic herbs; a
aweet, demulcent mixture, used as a vehicle in medicine.
2. A beverage composed of spirituous liquor, with sugar,
ice, and mfait ; — called also mint Julep. [U. 8.]
Jvl'lan (jttl'yan), a. Pert, to Julius Caesar.
JaUan ysar, the year, adopted hi the calendar adjusted
by Julius Csesar, which consisted of 365 days, each fourth
year having 366 days.
llJ^nUmw^ (JuaT-«n^ F. sh^nytnO, n. [F.] A
floup containing thin shreds of carrots, onions, etc.
Jn-ly' (Jtt-liO» »»• [I* Jt^ius ; — fr. Caius Julim C»-
■AT, bom in this month.] The 7th month of the year.
JtmHlld (Jlim'b'l), v.t.&i, [Prob. fr. Jump^ \. e., to
make to Jump, or shake.] To mix confusedly.— n. 1.
A confused mixture. 2. A small, sugared cake, usually
rfatt-shaped. — Jnmlller (-bl^r), n.
Jamp Qlimp), n. [Cf . F. Jvpt long petticoat, skirt.]
(a) liooae Jacket for men. (6) pi. Old form of bodice.
Jhbv, v. i. [Akin to OD. gwmpe%.'\ 1. To spring from
the ground ; to bound ; to leap. 2. To bounce ; to Jolt.
S. To coincide ; to tallv. — v. i. 1. To pass by a spring
or leap; to overleap. 2. To cause to Jump.— m. X A
spring ; bound. 2. Space traversed by a leap.
Jusap ssat. (a) A movable carriage
•eat. Kb) A carriage having a seat
* •" ' loasto
Two*Matform.
JumpSest
which may be shifted so
room for a second or extra seat.
Jim^tr, n. 1. One that Jumps.
2. A long drilling tool used by ma-
sons and quarrymen. 3. A rude
khxl of sleigh. 4. Larva of the
obeese fly. [ment.
Jnm^tr, n. A loose upper gar-
Janoltoll (JttQk'shiin), n. [L.
Jtmctio^ fr. Jungere^ Junctum, to
Join. ] 1. A Joining, or being Joined ;
union ; coalition. 2. Point of meet-
ing ; place where two or more lines
of railroad meet or cross.
Jimotore (-tttr ; 40), n. IL.Junetura^tr.Jungere.'] 1.
line or point at which two bodies are Joined ; a Joint ; ar-
tienlation: seam. 2. A point of time; crisis; exigency.
JmM Qun), n. [L. Junius.! 6th month of the year.
Jna'VM (JliS'K'0< f^' [Hind. Jangal.'] Dense growth
of brushwood, grasses, vines, etc. ; a thicket, as in India,
Africa, Australia, and BraziL ~ Juil'Cly (-gl^), a.
Jm^lor (Jun'yer), a. [L., contr. fr. Juvenior^ compar.
of JuverU* young.l 1. Less advanced in age than an-
other ; younger. 2. Lower In standing or in rank ; later
in ofllce. 3. Belonging to a younger person, or an earlier
time of life.— n. 1. A younger person. 2. One of a
lower or later standing ; in American colleges, one in the
third year of his course, one in the fourth or final year be-
ing designated a itnior. — Jim-lor^-ty (-y5r^-ty ), n.
Jalltptr (Jn'nT-pSr), n. [L. Juntpenu.'\ An ever-
green, coniferous shrub or tree.
JhUBk (JKQk), n. [Pg. Juneo Junk, rush, L. Juncus
bulrush, of which ropes were made anciently. ] 1. Pieces
of old cMo or cordage, used for making mats, swabs,
etc, and picked to pieces to form oakum. 2. Old metal,
glsM, naper, etc 3. Hard salted beef supplied to ships.
Jnik, n. [Pg. Junco ; cf. Chin, ehwan.l A large
vwwl, without keel, used by the Chinese, Japanese, etc.
Jnafkali (JQ^St), n. [It. giuncata cream cheese,
made fan a wicker basket, fr. L. Juneut a rush.] 1. A
cheese cake; sweetmeat; delicate food. 2. A feast.—
V. i. & /. To feast ; to banquet.
Junta (Jiin'tA), n. [Sp., f r. L. Jungertt Junctum^ to
Join.] A council ; grand council of state in Spain.
Jun^ (-td), n. [Sp., united.] A secret council to
deliberate on affairs of government ; a faction ; cabal.
Jn'^-tar (Ju'pl-t8r), n. [L., fr. Jovupater.'] 1. The
supreme deity of tbe ancient Bomans ; Jove. Ue corre-
sponds to the Greek Zeus. 2. Tbe brightest of the
planets except Venus, and largmt of them all.
Jte-rldio (-rldlk), I a. XL. Juridicus ; Jus, Juris^
Jn-rldio-al (-T-kal), ) right, law -f dicare to pro-
nounce.] Pertaining to a Judge or to jurisprudence;
used in courts of law ; legal. — Jtt-xldlC-al-ly, adv.
JWxiB<fim'Wial\ (ju'rTs-kSn'sQlt), n. [L. jurUcotmtl-
tus ; Ju$y JurU -f* consulere^ -tultum^ to consult.] One
learned in the civil law ; a jurist.
Jn'ris-dtoHon (-dTk'ahttn), n. [L. mrUdictio; Jui,
Juris -f- dictio a saying.] 1. Legal authority of a court
to determine causes, tiy criminals, or execute justice.
2. Authority of a sovereign power to govern or legislate.
3. Sphere of authority. — Ja'xil-dlctiOII-al, a.
Jll'rlv^llOthrt (-tTv), a. Having jurisdiction.
Jn^rte-pm'donM (-Drn'dens), n. [L. JuHsprudentia ;
Jus^ Juris -{-prudentiakiiovrledgeot a matter, prudence.]
Science of juridical law ; knowledge of the laws, customs,
state, necessanr for administering
'mtUl (-pr^-dSn'shal), a.
Understanding law ; skilled in
Jurisprudence. [on civil uid international law. I
Jntlst (ju'rTst), n. One versed in tlte law; a writer |
Jnlror (-rSr), n. [F. Jnreur one who takes oath, L.
Juraior swearer, fr. Jurare to swear.] Member of a jury.
Jofy (-r^), a. [Etymol. uncertain.] For temporary
use ; — applied to a temporary contrivance.
Joy nasi, a temporary mast, in place of one lost.
Jnlry, n. [OF. JurSe an assize, fr. Jurer to swear, L.
Jurare.] 1. A body of men, usiudlv twelve, sworn to in-
quire into any matter of fact, and to render a verdict
according to the evidence. 2. A committee for deter-
mining relative merit at a competition.
Ju'tj^nBAt n. A Juror.
Just (jiist), a. [L. Justus^ f r. Jus right, law, justice.]
1. Conforming to rectitude or justice ; violating no right.
2. Not transgressing requirements of truth and pro-
Dcience oi junaicai law ; jm
and rights of men in a state
justice. ~ Jn'rte-nrn-daiil
Jn^rte-pni'daiit, a. Un
Srlety ; conformed to a proper standard ; normal ; due.
. Bendering to each one his due ; equitable ; imparti *
Syn. — Equitable ; upright ; true : fair : impartial.
^ adv. 1. Precisely ; exactly ; neither more nor lees
than is stated. 2. Closely ; nearly ; almost. 3. Barely ;
merely ; scarcely ; only ; by a very small space or time.
Just, V. i. To joust, ^n. A joust.
Jns'tioe (JtU'tts), n. [P., fr. L. Justitia, fr. Justus
Just.] 1. The being just ; conformity to righteousness
and rectitude ; integrity ; honesty. 2. The rendering to
every one his due ; merited reward or punishment ; that
which is due to one*s conduct or motives. 3. Agreeable-
ness to right ; equity. 6. One duly commissioned to hold
courts, or to admininter justice.
Syn. — JuBTicB : Equttt; Law: right; honesty: fai-
tegrlty ; Impartiality. — Justice and equity are the same ;
but what is strictly legal is often not equitable or just.
Here a court of eqvitp comes in to redress the griev-
ances. It does so, as distinguished from courts of law.
JusTicB ; Rectftude. — Rectitude is one of the most
comprehensive words in our language, denoting absolute
conformity to the rule of right in principle ana practice.
Justice refers more especially to the carrying out of law.
Jnstloe-Slllp, n. Office or dignity of a Justice.
jQS-tl'ol-a-ry (-tT»hT-t-rj^ or -A-rf), n. [LL. JustUia-
rius,] Old name for judges of the higher English courts.
JmKtl-ll'a-lile (jfls'tT-n'A.bn), «r. [F. SeeJusTrrr.]
Capable of being justified, or shown to be Just.
Syn. — Defensible ; warrantable ; excusable.
lim, reo«ot, 6rb, nida, f^^ An, ftfbd, fdbt, out, oil, diair, so* sins, igk, tben, tliin.
JUSTIFICATION
314
KEEP
or boinff Justifled.
Jiui-tin-M-tlT» (ja»-tTfa-kA.tTv), Jte-tm-oa-to-ry
i'tt-Tf\ a. Having power to Juatify ; defenaory.
Jlirtl-fy (Jtta'tl.fi), V. t. [F. jtuti/ier, L. ju$tifieare. ]
1. To proTe to be just ; to uuuntain as oonformable to
law, right, justice, etc. 2. To prooounce free from
blame ; to prove to have done that which is Just, right,
etc. 3. To treat as if righteous ; to absolve. 4. To make
(lines of type) even or true, by prop<>r spacing ; to adjust
(type). — V. ^ 1. To fit exactly. 2. To take oath to the
ownership of property sufficient to qualify one's self as
bail or surety. — Jiis^-fl'or, n.
Ssm. — To defend : maintain ; vindicate ; exculpate ;
excuse ; absolve ; exonerate.
Jostle (Jtts'^l)* V. i. & t. [Freq. ot joust.'] To push ;
to clash ; to jostle. — n. Au encounter or shock.
Justly ( JQst^j^), adv. In a just manner ; in conform-
ity to law, justice, or propriety ; fairly ; aocurately.
(jflia^ifnUU n. The being Inat a
8yn. — Accuracy ; exactoesa; correctness ; ^ _^ , ,
fitness ; reasonableness ; equity ; uprightness ; juirtioe.
Jut ( jfit), V. t. [Gormp. of jet. ] To shoot oat or for-
ward ; to project. — n. That which juts ; a projection.
JtetsUut), n. [Hind, iu/ matted hair.] An East lo.
dian plant, or its ooar»e, strong fiber, used for making
mats, gunny cloth, cordage, hangings, pap«r, etc
JU'¥e-ll«S'0«lt (ju'vt-nSs'sent), a. [L juvene*cens,
p. pr. of juvene^M^tre to grow young again, fr. juvenit
yoong.] Growing voung. — Jwe-nas'Otaot, ».
JWs-nlla (ju'vl-nll), a. [L. juvenitU, fr. jurenis-l
1. Toung : youthfoL 2. Pert, to youth. ^ n. A youth.
Syn. — Puerile ; boyish ; childish. See Youtrtul.
Jn'VO-Blll-ty (-nll^-tj^), n. [L. juvenilitat.} 1.
Touthfulness ; adolescence. 2. Immaturity.
JorU-posit Qfiks'tA-pBcnrt), V. /. [L. juxta near -f
ponere^ positum^ to pnt.] To place in close connection
or contiguity. — Jvs'tS-pO-Slllon (-pt-iTsh'Bn), n.
K.
[Ar. ifca/lr Infidel, pagan.] (a'i
Ksftir (kif'fSr), )
KsUr (kk'lSr), I One'of a South African face.'
One of a race in Central Asia. [Spelt also Caffre."]
KsU (Ul), fi. 1. Kale. 2. A Scottish broth.
KsHmt (ki'zSr), n. [O., fr. L. Cauar.^ Title of
exnperors of Germany.
KalS (Ua), n. [Soot, kale, kail, enle, colewort, Gael.
eo/J A cabtmge whose leaves do not form a head.
ks-lat'tta-SOIVS (ki-UMd^kSp), n. [Gr. koA^ beau-
tiful -{- tJBot form -f •scope.] An optical instrument con-
taining reflecting surfaces whicli exhibit its contents in
qrmmetrical forms. — Ks-lsI'dO-SOOplo (-skBp^k), a.
Ksl'an-dsr (kll'Sn-dSr), n. Calendar.
KsOl (kilT), n. lAr.aali. SeeAuuLU.] Glasswort.
KsOlf (kSMIf), n. Caliph.
U Ksllni-S (kIKmT-A), n. [NL. Fr. Peter Kalm, a
Swedish botanist.] A North American
aJiritb vritU jifjipnniiJiis evergreen foliage and
I orvixili'^ of sLtiH^ \ llowers.
Eal'iO-lllllM (-s^-min), n. &
r: f. i.'Alcimine.
Kari«ira(kA.nXk'4),)
Kalulai(-nii^A), r*
[N^lu^'H name.] A native of
ihr h ^tsdwich Islands.
&an'f a-rOO' (k«n'gA-r650.»»-
[Native name.] A
jumping marsupial
of Australia, New
Guinea, and adja-
cent islands. They
Giant Kangaroo (.Whrro;rM.« major), have long and strong
hind lega and a Ivife toil, but short and feeble fore legs.
Ks'O-Un ) (ka'ft-lTn), n. [Chin, kao-linff.] Very pure
Ks'O-lllM ( white cl ly, chiefly decomposed feldspar,
used to form the noate of porcelain.
Ksty-dld^ (ka'ty-dTdO, n- A large green arboreal
orthopterous American insect, allied to the grasshoppers,
and named from the sound which the males make by
stridulating orjrana at the baaea of the front wings.
II Ks'll-rl (ka'v-r^), n. [N Uive nanie.1 A coniferous
tree of New Zealand, fumialiing valuable timber and
reain. [Written also kandi, cotcdie, and cowrie.']
Kay'ak (ki'Sk), n. Li^ltt canoe, of skins stretched
over a fnune, nwvl by Eskimos and other Arctic tribes.
KoblSll (k8b^4), n. [Ar. qihln anything oppoaite.]
The point toward which Mobammedana turn in prayer.
KMiOdt (kSkHc'l), V. t. To wind old rope around (a
cable) to preserve it from being fretted.
KaolCsy (kSk's]^), fi. [W. c«cy« boUow stalks.] Hol-
low stalk of an umbelliferous plant. [Written also kcx.]
KsdfS (kSj), V. t. [Cf. Sw. ktka to tog.] To mov«
(a vessel) by carrying out a kedge in a boat, drcqn>ing it
overboard, and hauling the vessel up to it. — n. A smsU
anchor used whenever a lanre one can be dispensed with.
Kaal (kSl), n. [AS. ce6l ship; akin to D. & Q. kid
keeL] 1. A longitudinal timber extending from stem to
stem along the bottom of a vessel, and, by means of
ribs attached on each side, supporting the vesaers frame.
2. The two lowest petals of the corolla of a papiliona-
oeous fipwer, united and inclosing the stamens ana pistil ;
a carina. — v. i. 1. To traverse with a
keel; to navigate. 2. To turn up
the keel ; to show the bottom. i
Kaal'er, n. A small tub ; eap., one |
for holding materials for calking ships, '
or for wai^ng dishes, etc.
Kaslliavl' (-1>a10< v. /. To haul
under a ship's keel, by ropes attached „ w x>^ v
to the vardarms on each side;— an K*^*"! (««<.).
oldpunishment in the Dutch and Engliah naviea.
Ka«l'SOIl(k«'san),ii. [AklntoSw.ilo/jrrn.] Abeun
laid on a ship's floor timbers
over the keel, and binding tlie
flooring to the keel.
Kssn (ken), <i. [AS. cfne
bold; perh. akin to E. ken,
earij to be able.] 1. Sharp ;
having a fine edge or poii.t.
2. Acute of mind; penetrat-
ing. 3. Bitter ; ouUing ; severe. 4. Piercing ; sharf ;
— applied to cold, wind, etc. B. Eager ; fierce.
Syn. — Prompt : eager ; sharp ; penetrating: ahrewd.
Ketp (k5p), r. /. Cimp. & p. p. Kbit (k«ptj ; v. pr.
A r6. n. Kbkpino.] [AS. cipan to keep, regard, deure,
await, take.] 1. To hold ; to retahi ; to detahu 2. To
preserve in any sUte. 3. To have in custody ; to taka
charge of. 4. To preserve from danger or loss ; to guard.
6. To preserve from discovery. 6. To tend. 7. To record
accounU or eventa in (a book, journal, etc.). 8. To main-
Uin (an e8tabli»«hment, institution, etc.) ; to manage. 9.
To ent«Ttoin. 10. To have in one's service ; to maintoin
(an assistant, acrvant, horse, etc.). 11. To have habitn-
ally in stock for sale. 12. To continue In, as a course of
action ; to hold to. 13. To observe ; to perform, as duty ;
to be faithful ta 14. To confine one's self to ; to frequent.
16. To celebrate ; to w>leronlxe.
8yn. — To Kbbp ; Rstain ; Pbiskhyb ; detaUi : reaerre ;
a KecUoD ; h keel : c False
Keel.
ft, S, 1, 5, Ojlonj ; ft, «, I, ft,*. ^. ^^^i auiftte, «vent, td«», 6bey,lknite, cftre, ftrm, ftsk,»ll, finoL
KEEPER
S15
KIDNEY
hold ; reatrain ; maintain ; rastaln ; support : withhold.
— Keep is the ireneric term, and is often used where re-
tain or prtserve would too much restrict the meaning ;
as. to keep silence, etc. Retain denotes that we keep or
hold things, as against influences which might deprive us
of them. Preserve denotes tliat we keep a thing against
agencies which might lead to its being destroyed.
»r. <. 1. To continue; to stay. 2- To last; to en-
dure.— n. 1. Custody; charge. 2. A being kept; re-
sulting condiUon ; case. 3. Maintenance; support. 4.
That which keeps or protects ; a stronghold ; donjon.
Kaep'er (kSi/Sr), n. 1. One that keeps, holds, or has
possession of anything. 2. One in charge of a prison and
prisoners. 3. One who has the care or superintendenoe
of anything; defender; presenrer.
Kaep'er-iJllp; n. Office of a keeper.
KMD'initt ^' 1* ^ holding; charge; preservation.
2. Mamtenance ; feed. 3. Harmony ; consistency.
Srn. — Care : guardianship ; custody ; poasesaion.
K»0p'Mka' (-sSkO« n. Anything kept, or given to be
kept, for jYi^ aake of the giver ; a token of friendahip.
Katre (kSv), n. [AS. eg/y it. L. eupa a tub, cask.]
A vat or tub. —v. t. To set in a keeve for fermentation.
Koff (ItSg), n. [IceL kagffiA Small cask or barrel.
K^ (kelp), n. 1. Calcined ashes of seaweed, — for-
merly used in manufacturing
glass, now in the manufacturing
of iodine. 2. Any large blackish
seaweed. fCeltio race. I
Kelt (knt), n. Celt; one of |
K«lti0(k«t/Tc),a.<&n. CalUc
Ken (kSn). r. t. [AS. eennan
to make known, proclaim ; akin to
D. & O. kenneUf AS. eunnan to
know.] 1. To know; to take
cognizance of. 2. To recognise ;
to discern. {A rchaie or Scot. ] —
n. Cognizance ; view ; reach of
sight or knowledge.
K«n^ (kSn'nfil), n. [See
Chavhsl, Cahal.] The water
course of a street ; gutter ; puddle.
KrallAl, n. [OF. kenU, LL.
eaniie, fr. L. canis dog.l 1. A
dog house. 2. Pack of nounds ;
collection of dogs. 3. Hole of a K«lP f ^<) (^^i^
fox or other beast. — p. t. [imp. mieeharuia).
A p. p. KxMNSLBD (-nAd) or Kuthkllsp \p.pr.& vb. n.
KsraxLixo or Ksithbllino.] To lie or dwell, as a dog
or a fox. -i- V. /. To keep in a kennel.
EjnfnA OOalMkSn. Cannelcoal.
JLf^nii (ki'nft), n. [F. quine five winning numbers,
fr. L. quini five each, quinque five.] A gambling game,
played with numbered balls and cards.
KMl'tle (kSn'tl), n. A hundred weight ; quintal.
Btpt (k6pt), imp. & p. p. of Kasp.
K«-immlO (kt-ribnak), a. Ceramic.
Kar^oUaf (kSr^chTf), n. [F. eouvrechef head cover-
ing, fr. eouvrir to cover -f- ehef head.] A cloth covering
the head or neck, or worn for ornament.
Kerf (kSrf), n. [AS. cyrf a cutthig off, fr. ceorfan to
cut, carve.] Notch or slit made by cutting or sawing.
Kot^M (kSr'mSz}, n. [Ar. & Per. qirmiz. See
Cbuuoii.] 1. Dried bodies of a scale insect, containing
coloring matter used in dyeing. [Written also chermes.'\
2. A amall European evergreen oik on which the kermes
insect feeds. [rine. I
laral, a compound of antimony, used in medi- 1
I (k2m), n. [Ir. ceathamaeh. ] 1. One of the an-
dent militia of Ireland and Scotland. 2. A vagabond.
Kmi, ». A part of the face of a printing type which
proiecta beyond the ahank. ^ v. t. To form with a kern.
Kar'Ael (kJr^nM). n. [AS. cymel^ it. com grain.] 1.
TIm essential part of a seed ; edible substance in the shell
of a nut ; anything hiduded in a shell, husk, or integu-
) {Laamnaria
Kettledrum.
I ment. 2. A single seed or grain. 3. A nucleua ; con-
j cretion in the flesh. 4. Easeiitiiil part of anything ; gist ;
core. — r. i. [imp. & p. p. Kbrmelbd (-neid) or Ksa-
MBLLSO ; p. pr. & vb. n. Kkrnklino or Kskkbllino.] To
harden or ripen into kernels ; to produce kernels.
Kw'0-fleiM' (kSr'ft-sSnOt n. [Or. ici)p6( wax.] Illumi-
nattug oil got by distilling and purifying petroleum.
K«r'M7 (kSr'zj^), n. [Prob. fr. Keney in Suffolk,
Eng.] Coarse cloth, woven from wool of long staple.
Kn'MF-mere (-mSr), n. Cassimere. '
Kastiel (kSs'trSl), n. A small, slender European
hawk. Also called windhover and itannd.
Katoh'Up (kSch'iip), n. A sauce ; catchup.
K«t'tle(k6ftU),n. [AS. c«/W, ce<i/.] MetaUic vessel,
for heating and boiling water, etc.
KeTttednim' (-drdmO, n. 1. A drum of thin copper
formed like a hemispherical kettle,
with parchment stretched over its
mouth. 2. An afternoon party.
Key (l^S), n. [F. quai a bank or
wharf beaide a river. J 1. A ledge
of rocks near the aurface of the
water ; a low ialand. 2. Bank or
wharf; quay.
K«y (kS), n. [AS. dia.l 1. An
inatrument to ahoot and draw the
bolt of a lock. 2. Inatrument turned like a key in ad-
justing any mechanism. 3. That part of a machine
which operates it. 4. Position or condition affording en-
trance, possession, etc. ; that which serves to solve some-
thing unknown. 5. The fundamental tone of a musical
movement ; keynote. — v. t. To secure firmly ; to fasten
with keys or wedgea
K«7'af e (kStj), n. Wharfage.
KeybOftrd' (-bord^), n. The whole arrangement, or
one range, of the keys of an organ, typewriter, etc.
Keyed (kSd), a. Furnished with keys ; set to a mu-
sical key. [ceiving a key. I
Key'hole' (-hSl^), n. Hole In a door or lock, for re;|
Key'note^ (-n5t'), n. 1. The tonic or first tone of the
scale in which a piece of music is written ; fundamental
tone &L the chord, to which all the modulations of the
piece are referred ;— called also key tone. 2. Funda-
mental fact or idea. [an arch. I
Key'ltone' (-stSn'), n. Central or topmost stone of |
Kbaniff (kiaif), n. Caliph.
Kluui (kiin ; kh = A guttural),
n. [Pera. & Tart. *Afin. J A king ;
chief ; governor ; — so called
among Tartars, Turks, and Per-
siana [Written also ton, itotin.] '
Kluui,n. [Vet. khSMykhanah,
house, tent, inn.] An Eastern
inn or caravansary. [Written JTRerttoae.
also kawn."]
Kluui'ate (-At), n. Dominion of a khan.
II Klie'dlTe' (kft-dSvO, n. [F. khidive, Pers. khedito a
prince.] Governor ; viceroy ; — title of the ruler of Egypt.
Ktbe (kib), n. [W. cib cup, husk ; cibvcst chilblains ;
db -\-ffwst pain, sickness. 1 An ulcerated chilblain.
Klok (kifk), v. t. & i. [W. cieio, fr. eic foot.] 1. To
strike with the foot ; to spurn. 2. To recoil ; — said of
a firearm, ^n. 1. A blow or thrust with the foot.
2. Recoil of a firearm, when discharged.
Kid (kTd), n. [Of Scand. origin.] 1. A young goat.
2. Child ; person eaaily imposed on. [Slang'} 3. Leather
irade of the skin of kids, rats, etc. 4. Pt. Gloves made
of kid. [C<^loq.l-^v. i. To bring forth a kid.
Kld'DAp' (kid'nSp^), v. L [imp. & p. p. KiDKAPmo
(-nSptO or KiDif APPBD ; p. pr. & vb. n. KiDif apiro or
KiONAPPnro.] [Kid child -{- Prov. B. nap to grasp.]
To take (any one) by force, with intent to carry to an-
other place. —Kld'nap^er, Kld'nap'per, n.
EiOhuif i-nf), n. [OE. kidnei, fr. Icel. koiSr beUy,
f8m, recent, 6rb, r^de, f^^ An, ftfbd, tdbl, out, oil, oliair, go^ sins, ink, then, tlain.
KIDNEY-FORM
316
womb 4- OS. n«r0 kidney.] 1. A glandnlar organ which
exoretes urea and other waste products from the animal
bodv : a urinary gland. 2. Htibit ; disposition ; sort ; kind.
HM'Bey-fonil' (kld'nj^-ldrmOt ( a. Formed like a
KId'Bey-AllAMd' (-abipt'), i kidney; reoiform.
Kn'dMr-ktn (kTl'dir.kfn), n. [OD.
kitideken small barrel, orig., a little child,
fr. kind chUd.] A smaU barrel ; an old
liquid measure of 22 gallons. [Written
also kinderkin."]
KlU (kTl), V. t. [Perh. akin to loeL koUa
to hit in the head, harm, koUr top, head.]
1. To deprire of life ; to put to death. 8.
To destroy ; to ruin. 3. To quell ; to stiU.
4. To destroy the effect of ; to neutralize ; Kidney-Shi^ied
to counteract. — Kill'ar, n. !-«**•
Syn. — To Kill ; Murokr ; AssABsnrATi ; slay ; butch-
er; destroy. —To kill does not necessarily mean more
than to deprire of life. To mutder is to Kill with ma-
licious intention. To (usastinate is to murder by stealth.
KU'll-kt-okk' (kn'IT-kT-nTkO, n. Khinikinic.
lUn (kTl), ft. [AS. cyln; prob. akin to coa/.l 1. A
lain^ store or oven ; furnace to harden, bum, or dry any-
thing. 2. Furnace for burning bricks ; briclckilu.
Klm'-drT' (kTl'driO, v, t. To dry in a kiln.
Kilo (kSa«), It. [F.] Abbr. of Kilogram.
KC'o-gnun (kTi'ft.grSm), Kn'o-gramiiie, n. [F. H.
loffratnme ; pref . kilo- + gramiMJ\ A measure of weight,
being 1,000 grams, equal to 2.20k pounds avoirdupois.
KU'O-U'ter (kTKft-lS'tSr or kT-lSl'MSr), KU'0-ll'tM,
n. [F. kilolitre. Bee Kilogram, and LrrBR.1 A metric
measure of capacity = 1 cubic meter, or 1,000 liters.
KU'O-flM'ter (kTl'«-me'tair or kT-lSm't-tSr), KU'O-
flM'tort, n. [F. kilonihre. See Kilogram, and MmR.]
A metric measure of length = 1,000 meters.
Kll'O^ard' (kTl^>8t«r^ or -stir"), n. [F. kOosthre.
See Kilogram, and Stkrr. ] A measure of solidity or vol-
ume, containing 1,000 cubic meters, or 35,315 cubic feet.
KUt (kTlt), n. [OOaeL cealt clothes.] A Scottish
Highlander's short petticoat ; a fllUbeg. — v. t. To tuck
upja skirt, etc.). [Written also krlt.]
KtmlM (kTmO)^), a. Akimbo ; arched ; bent.
EtaktJ (-ry), n. Cymry.
Kin (Rln), n. [AS. rynn kin, kind, race, people;
akin to cffinan to beget, O. Jk D. kitid a child, L. grnui
kind, race, gignere to beget. Or. yLyvta^iu to be bom.]
1. Relatioiuhlp ; connection by birth or marriage. 2.
Belatives ; persons of the same race. — a. Kindred.
(kind), a. [AS. cynde^ gfcynde^ natural, innate,
fr. root of SL inn.] 1. Having feelings befitting our com-
mon nature ; sympathetic. 2. Showing tendemees or
goodness ; averse to paining. 3. Proceeding from benev-
olence. 4. Gentle ; tractable ; easily governed.
8yn. — Benevolent : beneficent ; generous ; forbearing ;
tender : humane ; gentle ; amicable. See Obuoino.
— n. [AS. cyndJ] X. Race; genus; species. 2. Na-
ture; sort; manner: description; class.
8yn.— Sort; species; class; genus; style; set
Kin'dmr-garten (kTnM8r-gifcr'ten), n. [O., lit, chil-
dren's garden ; kinder (pi. of kind child, skin to E. kin
-f garten garden.] A school where young children are
trained by exercise, play, observation, imitation, and con-
■truction. [garten. I
Kin'dar-gart'ntr (-giut/nSr), n. Teacher in a kinder- 1
Klnd'-hMUt'Od (kind^ii&rt'Sd). a. Humane.
Kin'dlo (kTnM'l), V. t. licel. kyndiU candle, torch ;
prob. fr. L. candela candle.] 1. 1*0 set on fire ; to ig-
nite ; to light 2. To inflame (the passions) ; to rouse ;
to incite, -i- v. i. 1. To take fire. 2. To grow warm or
animated ; to be roused or exasperated. — KlS'dler, n.
8yn. — To light ; ignite ; inflame ; stir up.
Kindly (kindly), a. [AS. n/ndelic. See Knn>, n.]
1. Humane ; congenial ; graclmis. 2. Favorable ; be-
neficent, '-'adv. With good w iU. — KlndOl-]
KISS
(Und^ils), n. 1. Ihe being kind ; beottfl-
2. A kind act ; act of good wiU.
Syn. — Goodwill ; benignitr ; compassion ; humanity;
clemency ; generosity : benencenoe ; favor.
Kln'drod (kln'dred), n. [AS. cynu kin. race -f ter-
min. -r&fen, akin to fMon to advise.] 1. AfBni^ ; kin.
2. Relatives; relations.— a. Related; congeniu.
Syn. — Kin ; relatives : relationship ; affinity.
Kmt (kin), n. pi. [AS. cff, pi. of e& cow.] Cows.
Klac (king), n. [AS. cifng, cyning ; aUn to G. klmig^
E. kin7\ 1. A chief ruler ; sovereign ; monarch ; prince.
2. Chief among competitors. 3. A playing card having
the picture of %king, 4. Chief piece in the game <rf chess.
6. Crowned man in the game of draughta. 6. pL Htle
of two historical hooka in the Old Testament
The king's Bngllsh, correct or current language of good
speakers ; pure EnsUsh. —King's evil, scrofula.
Ung'dom (kTngTdiim), n7[AS. cyningddm.'^ \. Rank
or attributes of a king ; sovereign power ; dominion ;
monarchy. 2. Territory subject to a king or queen ;
sphere in which one has control. 3. An extensive sci-
entific division ; principal division ; department
Syn. — Realm ; empire ; dominioo ; monarchy ; domain.
KlBC'llall^or (-fTah^r), n. A bird of many spades,
feeding on fishes, reptiles, insects, etc
Klnc'ly, a. Belonging to or becominff a king; monar-
chical. — a<f r. In a kmgly manner. — Imirlt llOtl. n.
Syn. — KnreLT : Rboal; roysl; m<marchical: impe-
rial : august : sovereign ; noUe ; splendid. — Kingly is
Anglo-Saxon, and refers to the character of a king ; recal
is I^in. and relates to his office. The former is used of
dispositions and purposes which are kinglike. The lat-
ter is applied to external state, pomp, etc.
King'-post' (-pSst^), n. A member of a common form
of truss, acting as a tie, to prevent the
sagging of the tiebeam in the middle.
Ciured also crovm-poU.
Klns'fehlp (-ahlp), n. State or dig- i
nityof aking; royalty. f
Klllk(kTsik),n. [D., a bend or turn.]
1. A loop In a rope or thread, caused by
a spontaneous winding upon itself ; a dose loop or curi.
2. An unreasonable notion ; crotchet ; whim. XCoUoqJ}
^v.L To knot or twist utontaneously upon iteeU.
Klnk^ (-y), a. 1. Full of kinks ; lUble to kink or
curi. 2. Queer; crotchety. [Colloq. V. SA
KlB'nl-ki-lllo' (kTn'nl-kT-nTkO, n. [Indian, lit, a
mixture.] Prepared leaves or bark of certain plants,
prepared for smoking, either mixed with tobacco or as a
substitute for it iUso, a plant so used. [Spelled abo
kmnickinniek and kaiikiniek.^
Kf&O (kfnft ), n. Dark red dried Juice of certain plants,
used in tanning, in dyeing, and in medicine.
Klnaftflk' (klnsfCkO, n. ReUUves ; kindred ; kfaL
Kln'llllp (kTn'shTp), n. Family relationship.
Klm'BUUl (kTns'man), n., KlBS^Olll'aa (-wMm'on),
n. /. A relative.
Ki-0«k'(kt.askO,ii. [Turk. HwMib.] A Turkish open
summer house or ptavillon, supported by pillars.
Kip (kTp), n. Hide of a Bnudl beef creature, or leather
made from it ; kipekin.
K^^^(kTp'p«r),n. [D. iKp>pm to hatch, seise.1 1.
A salmon after spawning. 2. A Mdmon split open, saJted,
and dried or araoked. — r. /. To cure, by splitting, etc
Kip'aklll' (-akin"), n. ^Kio -|- «Hn.] Leather pre-
pared from skin of young cattle.
Klrk(k8rk),i». [Scot ; of Greek origin. SeeCHURCS.]
A church or the church ; esp., the Church of Scotland.
Klr'niaM (kir'mSs^, n. [D. kermis^ prop., church
maiM).] A festival and fair.
Klr^ttt (kSr'tn), n. {K&.cyrtelA A garment for men
and women, varying In form at different timea.
Kls'met (kTa^mCt). n. [Per. Ti/rma/.] Deatiny; fate.
KlM (kTs), V. t. [AS. cyufin, fr. ecu a kisa.] 1. To
salute with the lips, as a mark of affection, reverenoe,
ft, S, 1, 3, 0, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, A, ti •>M>rt ; aenftte, ^vent, Idea, 6bey, <Uiite, c4re, iim, i^ ftll, AmL
KIT
817
KNOCK-ZNEED
foinivaieM, ete. 8. To touch gmithr, m if fondly.—
9. i, 1. To Mdnte with the lips hi love, raapeet, etc.
2. To meet ; to touch fondly. — n. 1. A aalutation with
the lipe. S. A nnmll piece of confectionery.
Ktt(kTt).n. A kitten.
Kit. n. LAS. eytere hmrp, L. eithara.'] A snuUl riolin.
Kit, n, ID., a Imkc bottle.] 1. A Urge botUe. 2.
Wooden pail, smaller at top than at bottom. 3. Box for
workinf implements; a working outfit. 4. A group of
separate parts, things, or individuals ; — used with whole.
Kttoll'611 (kTch'eu), n. [AS. eyeine, L. coquina, cu-
lina a kitchen, fr. coquere to cook. J 1. A room for cook-
ery. S. A utensil for roasting meat.
Kitsbsa fardsB, a garden for raising regetables for the
table. — Kitehea stdl, fat collected from poto and pans.
Kitt (kit), n. [AS. cyta.'] 1. A raptorial bird of many
species, haTing long wings, adapted
for soaring. 2. A light frame cov-
ered with paper or cloth, for flying
in the air at the end of a string. 3.
Fictitious commercial paper used
for raishag money or to sustidn
credit ; an accommodi^on check or
bill. [Can/] — r. i. To raise money
by'* kites. '^ iCant'i
Kltll (kUh), ». [AS. egSSe, cffS,
native land, fr. cfi9 known.] Ao-
qnaintance ; kindred.
KtHflD (kTta*n), «. [OE.Kto»,
dim. of ctU : cf . 6. kiJUt young cat,
female cat, F. ehaion, dim. of chat
cat.] A young cat. — v. <. & <. To
bring forth (kittens, or young).
Kltp'tQ-IIUl'lll-a (klSp^tl-mi'-
nT-&), fi. [Or. jcA^irmt thief + E*
mania.} Propensity to steal, claimed to be irresistible.
— Kley^tQ-nuilil-M, n.
XnAOk (nXk), n. 1. A petty contrivance ; toy ; knick-
knack. 2. Skill; dexterity, a A trick; device.
Knaok'or, n. 1. One who makes knickknacks, toys,
etc. 2. One of two or more pieces of bone or wood
held looeely between the fingers, and struck together.
KaAOk'er, n. One who slaughters worn-out horses.
Kaaf (nig), n. [Cf . Prov. 6. knagge knot in wood,
Gael. A Ir. enag peg, knob.! 1. A knot in wood. 2.
Peg for hanging Udngs on. 3. Prong of an antler.
KBAg'nr (n^MS^gj^), a. Knotty ; rough ; morose.
Knap (nXp), n. [AS. cnxp, cnmpp; cf. Oael. & Ir.
atop knob, button.] A proluoerance ; knob ; summit
uap, V. t. A i. [p. knappen to bite, crack.] To rap ;
to snap. — n. A sharp blow or slap.
Knap'saok' (-sSkO, n. [D. knapzak ; knappen to eat
•\- Mak bag.] A portable case of canvas
or leather, to hola a soldier^s necessaries.
or a traveler's clothing, etc. [wood. [
Knail (n&rl), n. A gnarl, or knot in |
Knuled (nSrld), a. Knotted ; gnarled.
Knavt (niv), n. [AS. ena/a boy.] 1.
A tricky fellow; rogue; villain. 2. A
playing card marked with the figure of a
■ervant or soldier ; a jack.
Byn.— Villain ; cheat ; rascal ; scoundrel. Knspmck.
KnaY'n'-y (niv'Sr-j^S, n. 1. Practices of a knave ;
fraud ; trickery. 2. pi. Roguish or mischievous tricks.
KnaTiah, a. 1. Like a knave; trickish; fraudu-
lent; villainous. 2. Mischievous; roguish; waggish.—
KnaTflali-ly, adv. — Knavlah-iiaaa, n.
Knead (nSd^, r. t. [AS. enedan.) To press into a
masa; to work into a well mixed mass (materials of
bread, cake, etc.). — Knead'or, n.
Kbm (nS), n. [AS. cne6, cnedw ; akin to O. & D.
knie, L. genu. Or. y6w.) 1. Joint, or region of the
joint, between thigh and leg. 2. Piece of timber or
metal bent like the human knee.
irnnn'naj' (nS'kSn'), n. The kneepan ; patella.
Knea'-dMP' (-dSp^), a. 1. Rising to the knees
knee-high. 2. Sunk to the knees. [the knees.
Knae'-lllgll' (-hi' ), a. Rising or reaching upward to .
Knaal (nS^ v. i. limp. & p. p. Kkslt (uSlt) or
Khkblbo (nSra); p. pr. & vb. n. Knbbluio.] [OE.
knelen, D. knielen.] To bend the knee ; to fall or rest
on the knees. — Knaal'ar, n.
Knaa'pan' (nS'p&y), n. A roundish bone in the ten-
don in front of the knee joint ; patella ; kneecap.
Knall (u81), n. [AS. enyll, fr. cnyllan to soimd a
bell.] Stroke of a bell tolled at a funeral or death. —
V. i. To sound as a knell ; to toll at a death or funeral ;
to sound as a wamhig or evil omen.
Knelt (n81t), imp. &p. p. of Kkkbl.
Knew (nu), imp. of Kkow.
Knlok'er-book'era (uTk'Sr-bSk^rz), n. pi. Name for
a style of short breeches ; smallclothes.
KUck'knaOk' (nTk'nSkO, n. [See Knack.] A trifle
or toy; bawble; gewgaw.
Knife (nif), n. ; pi. Kkivss (nivc). [AS. cnf/.] An
instrument consisting of a thin blade, usually of steel and
having a sharp edge for cuttix^.^r. /. 1. To prune
with the knife. 2. To cut or stab with a knife. iLov]
Knight (nit), n. [AS. cniht, cneohl, a boy, attendant,
military follower.] 1. (o) In feudal
times, a man-at-arms serving on horse-
back and admitted to a certain mili-
tary rank with special ceremonies. (6)
One (m whom the sovereign has con-
ferred knighthood, a dignity next be-
low that of barmiet, entitluig him to
be addressed as Sir; as, Sir John.
lEng.} {e) A champion; partisan;
lover. 2. A piece in the game of chess.
*— V. t. To create (one) a knight.
Knlght'-eifrant (-^r'nint), n. A
knight who traveled hi search of ad-
ventures, to exhibit prowess, etc. —
Knlglit'-er^»nt-ry, n.
Knlalitliood (-hd6d}, n. 1. Char-
acter. Hignity, or condition of a knight ;
chivalry. 2. Whole body of knights.
KnJghfly, a. Pert, to, or becom-
ing, a imight.— adv. Chivalrously.—
KnightOl-neaa, n.
Kmt (nit), V. t. [imp. &p. p. Kwrr Knijrht In full Ai^
or KinrraD ;p.pr.& vb. n. iMrrmio.] »»>or» ^ (")•
[AS. cnyttan, fr. cnoHa knot.] 1. To form into a knot;
to tie together. 2- To form (a textile fabric) by inter-
hu;ing thread in a series of connected loops, by means of
needles. 3. To join ; to cause to grow together. 4. To
unite closely ; to engage. 6. To draw together ; to con-
tract into wrinkles. — v. i. 1. To weave by making knots
or loops. 2. To grow together. — n. Union by kmtting ;
texture. — Knlt'ter, n.
KnltUng, n, 1. Work of a knitter ; network formed
by knitting. 2. Union formed by knitting, as of bones.
Kaittlac nssdU, a stiff rod, as of steel wire, for knitting
yam or threads into a fabric.
Knlvea (nivx), n., pi. of KmrB.
Knob(n8b),n. [Aformof A^top. Cf. Nob.] 1. A hard
f protuberance ; bunch ; lump. 2. A knoblike handle of a
ock, door, or drawer. 3. A rounded hill or mountain.
Knobni>7 (n5b^), a. 1. Full of knobs or hard pro-
tuberances. 2. Hilly. — Knob^Dl-neaa, n.
Knock (nSk), V. i. [AS. cnociVm.] 1. To drive or be
driven against something ; to clash. 2. To strike with
something hard or heavy ; to rap. ^ v. t. 1. To strike
with something hard or heavy ; to drive (a thing) agidnst
somethhig. 2. To strike for admittance; to rap.— n.
A blow ; stroke ; rap. — Knook'er, n.
KnOOk'-kneed' (-n6d0« a. Having the legs bent in-
ward so that the knees touch in walking.
fSm, reoeot, 6rb, r^de, f^ ft^^ food, fo^ot, out, oU, eliab>, bo, sins, ink, tben, tliin.
ZNOLL
818
LABOB
Knots,
a 8inrle Knot: 6 Double
Knott c Fijrure of K
Knot I d Overhand
Knot; e Bow line
Knot I If Hingle Bov<
KnoU (nSl), n. [AS. cnott; mkiii to G. knoOeelod, lump,
knob.] A little rouni hill ; mound ; crown of a hilL
Kndll, V. t. [Ab. cnyllan. See Khkll.] To ring (a
bell) ; to strike a knell upon ; to toll ; to proclaim, or sum-
mon, by ringing, —v. i. To sound, as a bell ; to knell.
KnOP (nop), f». [Of. D. knop. Cf. Knob.] 1. A
knob ; Dud ; bunch ; button. S. Anjr boldly projecting
architectural ornament ; — called also knob^ and kntyip,
*" 1P (nBsp), n. [Cf . O. knotpe bi.d.] A knop.
i (n9t), f». [AS. cnoUa; perhaps akin to L. no-
dus. CI. Khit.] 1. ,
(a) A fasteuii^; to-
gether of the ends .-,^--
of cords, ropes, ^^V6^ O ^' — ^^
etc., by tying or ^
entanglinff. (6) ^^
Lump or loop
formed in a cord, ^
rope, etc., by tying *^y
It upon itself, (c)
An ornamental tie, ^
as of a ribbon. S.
Bond of union; tie. — Knoti a
3. Something not easily solved; an knot : A Lam) Knot i
intricacy ; perplexity ; problem. ' Omnnr Knot » *
4. A cluster of persons or thinra ; *»"*« "» «*«' ^"""^
group; band; clique. 6. A joint in a plant; a mass
making a hard place in the timber. 6. A knob ; lump.
7. (a) A division of the log line, measuring the rate of a
vessers motion. (2>) A nautical mile, or G080.27 feet. 8.
A sandpiper, or dunne, a bird aklu to the snipe. — v. t.
1. To tie in, or with, knots; to entangle. 2. To unite
closely ; to knit together. »r. i. 1. To form knots or
ioints (in a cord, plant, etc.) ; to tangle. 2. To knit knots
for fringe or trimming.
Knotted, Knony, a. 1. FuU of knots. 2. Inter-
woven ; matted. 3. Intricate; difficult.— KBOt'ti-BCn, n.
Kmrnt (nont or nS&t), n. [Ruas. hnnV.'\ A Russiaii
whip for criminals, ^v. t. To flog with the knout.
Baow (nS), V. /. Ump. Kitkw (nu) ; p. p. Khown
(n5n) ; p.pr.Sc vb, n. Knowiko.] [AB. enavan ; akin to
loel. kna to be able, L. ffnoscere^ noxcere^ Gr. yiytmamtw ;
fr. root of E. ean^ v. i., ken.} 1. To p'Tcelve or under-
stand. 2. To be fully assured of. 3. To be acquainted
with ; to have experience of. 4. To recognise ; to distin-
Kirh. 5. To have sexual commerce with. — r.i. 1. To
ve clear perception. 2. To be assured or confident.
Know'a-llle, a. Capable of being known.
Knawlnir, a. 1. Skillful : well informed ; intelligent.
2. Artful; cunning. [Co/Zoa.] — Know'lllC-ly. rr^/r.
KllOWl'Odge (n51'«j), n. [OE. kno^elageJcnavUch^.y
1. A knowing ; clear perception of fact, truth, or duty.
2. That which is or may be icnown ; a cognition. 3. Ac-
quaintance; enlightenment; erudition. 4. Familiarity
gained by «xperieiioe ; practical skffl. 6. Boopa of in-
formation ; oo oiisance ; notioe. 6. Sexnal Interooaiae.
Srn. — See Wisdom.
Known (u5n)t pp- of Know.
Knnonao(uQk^*I),i». [AS.cwm»L] 1. Jotntofafln-
ger. 2. Knee Joint of a quadruped's leg. 3. Joining parts
of a hinge through which the rivet passes ; knuckle Joint
— v.i. To yield ; to submit ; — with <foim, to, or uf^er.
Kanekls joiat, a hinge joint, in which a proJecUoB with
an eye, on one piece, enters a jaw
between two cone«pondiug pro- |
jections with eves, on another I
piece, and is retained by a pin pass-
>brough the eyes and lorming k„^^,, j^„j.
Kninl (pQrl), Knar (nOr), n. [Fr. OE. Jbiarrv, gnam;
akin to OD. knor."] 1. A contorted knot in wood ; nodule:
prnj-tptfrnri 2. (me who, or that which, is ruisagrslund
KnorFf (nQrl'j^), a. Full of knots ; hard ; toogh.
Koa'lA ^kd-Kai), n. An AuRtralian taiUeas marso-
pii4 : t,h- A .fstralian bear, native bear, or native aloth.
Ko'balt I icS'MSlt), n. Cobalt
Ko'bDld itS'bOld), n. [G., perh. orig., house protector.]
A i] mai >tLi spirit in German mythology.
Eo'pock I kCpCk), n. [Russ. kopeika.'] A small Rns-
I Written also kopek, copecy and copeekA
Eo'rau OS'ron or ki-riinO, n. {Kr. qoran.'\ Sciip-
tUTf'^ «>f tl:.i' Mohammedans ; — called also AUoran^Ku-
Ko-toWCkd-touO,*. [Chinese, knock head.] Chinese
mode of salutation, by prostration and knocking the
forehead on the ground. — v. ^ To perform the kotow.
Kon'niM (kfiS'mTs), n. [Russ. kumyi.'} An intoxi-
cating fermented or distilled liquor made from milk.
[Written also koumyu, kumiu, kumUk, and kumjf*.]
KaW-tOW' (koo-tou'), n. & V. i. Kotow.
Knud (krKl or krft]), n. [D., village, park ; Sp. eorral]
1. A collection of huts within a stockade ; village ; hut
[South A/Hcn] 2. Inclosure for elephants. [Cejflon]
Kra'kon (kiSncCn), n. [Prob. fr. OSw. krake tmuk
of a tree.] A fabulous Scandinavian sea monster.
Kro'O-OOtO (krS^-sQt), n. Creosote.
Kronfner (kroit'tSr), n. [G. krevter.'] A small Ger-
man and Austrian copper coin. [Written also kreter.}
Knlnlsh (kSd'mTsh), Kn'UliM (-mTs), n. Koumiss.
Ky'an-lae (ki'Kn-Ii), r. /. [Fr. Kyan^ inventor of the
process.] To render (wood) proof a^nst decay by satu-
rating with a solution of corrosive sublimate.
Kymllo (kTm'rTk), a. & n. Cymzic
KymiT (-ry)' ♦»• Cymry.
Kyri-O-loC'lO (kTr/T-«-19j^k), 1 a. [Gr. nptoAoyia^
Kyrl-O-lOf lo-al (-T-kal), ( speaking «Jterafly or
properly.] I>enoting objects by conventional signs; as,
the ori^nal Greek alphabet of IG letters was called kjfri-
oloffiCf beccuse it represented the pure elementary sounds.
L.
La (lii), n. Syllable indicating the 6th tone of the mu-
sical scal«>.
LalMl (li'oei), n. [OF., ribbon or fringe.] A slip of
paper, parctiroent, etc., affixed to anjrthing, and indicating
the contents, ownership, destination, etc. •— v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Labblkd (-bSla) or Labbllxd ; p. pr. & vb. n.
Labbliko or Labbluno.] To affix a label to ; to mark
^alMl-«r, n. [Written also Inbeller. ]
LalUl-al (-bT-fll), a. [IX. labinlis, fr. L. labium lip. J
with a name, etc. — Lai
1. Pertaining to the lipn. 2. (») Articulated, as a con-
sonant, mainly by tlie lips, as b, ;>, m, tr. (M Modified,
as a vowel, by contraction of the lip opening. 3. Pertain-
ing to the Hhium. — n. 1. A letter representing a sound
formed chieHy with the lips, as 6, p, tr.
La'M-ata (1Sa>T.tt), n. [NL. labiatus, fr. K labhtm.'\
Hnving parts resomtling Upf.
Lalli-O^ten'tal (-ft-dSutol), a. [LabiHm + tfento/.]
Pronounced by cooperation of lips and teeth, as/ and r.
— n. A labiodental sound or letter.
Lalll-O-na'aal (-ni'zal), a. [Labium + natal.'}
Formed by lips and noee. — n. A labionasal sound.
iiLalil-nm,p. [L.] A li^
LaOMT (la'bSr), n. [L. ; cf. Gr. kofifiavtiv to take.]
[Written also /n6ot/r.] 1. Physical exertion ; servile toil ;
work. 2. Intellectual exertion ; mental effort 3. Trav-
ail ; pangs .-uid efforts of childbirth. 4. Pitching of a
vessel so as to strain timbers and rigging.
Syn. — Work ; drudgery ; task ; effort See Ton.
ft, 6, 1, 5, a, long ; ii, fi, I, ft, a, % short ; senate, •vent, tdea, 6bey, ftnite, cAre, l&rra, iak, |Ul, ftoaL
LABORATORY
319
LACTOMETER
[L.] 1. Lip or edge, m of a
usects and onutaceana cover-
«>fr. i. 1. To exert muacular atrength, eap. In wnrne
oocopatioua ; to toU. S. To exert ooe^a powers of mind ;
to take p«ina. 3. To be oppreaaed with difBculties or
diaeaae ; to move slowly, aa agiduat opposition, or under
a burden. 4. To be in trayaiL 6. To pitch or roll beaTily,
aa a ahip in a turbulent aea. — v. t. 1. To work at ; to
cultiTote by toiL S. To urge strenuously.
LaVo-n-tO-ry (UU/ft-rA-tt-rJ^), n. [Shortened fir. eto6-
oratory.'\ Workroom of a chemist ; place devoted to ex-
periments in any branch of natural science.
Lt^Miral (IS'bSrd), a. Bearing marka ol labor and
effort ; elaborately wrought ; not easy or natural.
LalMir-«r (-bir-ir), n. [Written aJflO /a&our«r.] One
who labors in a toilsome occupation.
La-tlO^ri-oas (l&-b5^r-IL»), a. l. Requiring Ubor or
Bacrifices; toilsome. S. Diligent; industrious. — Lft-tlO'-
ll-OiUhlj, adv. — Ll-boM-OnS-IMM, n.
It LA^bnmi (IS'torOm), n. [L ~
basin. 2. (a) An organ in iu8e<
tng the upper partTof the mouth, and serving as an upper
Up. (6) KxtemAl margin of the aperture of a shell.
LBb^-rlntll(liyT-rTntb),n. IQr. \aPvptv9ot.l 1. A
place full of intncate passageways. 2. A bewildering dif-
ficulty. 3. The internal ear.
Syn.— LABTftiHTB ; Mazs ; confusion : intricacy ; wind-
ings.—iLafryrm/A, originally an edifice or excavation, im-
ports design and permanent construction, while maze is
need of anythbig confusing, whether fixed or shifting.
Iiab'y-rlnlhAl (-rTn'thai), LaVy-rln'tm-an (-thi-an),
Lab^T-lla'lllIlM (-thTn), a. Intricately winding ; like a
labyrinth ; perplexed.
Lao (ISk), 0 Lakh (IXk), n. [Hind, foiir, lakh, UUM.]
One hundred thousand ; also, a vaguely great number.
[Written also laek.'\ lEast Indie*}
Lao, n. [Per. lak.j A resinous substance produced
on the banyan and other trees, by a scale-shaped insect,
and used in s«ding wax. dyes, varnishes, and lacquers.
Laoa (lii), n, LOF. /a«, fr. L. laquetu noose. J 1. A
string or cord usually parsing through eyelet or other
boles, and holding together parts of a garment, shoe,
nuichine belt, etc 2. A fabric of fine threads of linen,
sIU:, etc. ; a delicate tissue of thread, worn as an orna*
ment of dress. — v. t, 1. To fasten or draw together
with a lace puaed through evelet holes ; to unite with
laces. 2. To adorn with braids of decorative material.
«- r. t. To be fastened with laces.
LlO'or-atO (lis^r-It), v. t. [L. lacerare, -ahtrnf to
lacerate, fr. laeer mangled.] To tear ; to mansle.
LtO'er-atiOIl(^'ahQn),n. [L. laceralio.} I. A lacer-
ating. 2. A breach or wound made by lacerating.
Lao'ar-a-ttTO (-4-tTv), a. Lacerating, or havmg power
to lacerate. [lizards. I
La-OOlOa (lA-sSr'ti), n. [L., a lisard.] A genus of |
La-oair'tlan (-shan), a. [F. lacertien.'] Like, or per-
taining to, the Lacertilia. — n. One of the Lacertilia.
I LtO'or-tlll-a (Ub'Sr-tTFT-4), n. pi. [NL., fr. L. la-
eer/iM.] An order of Reptilia, which includes the lis-
ards. — Lao'or-tll'l-aii, a. & n.
Laoo'wlll}' (las'wlng'), n. A nenropterous Insect,
having del-
icate, lace-
like wings
and bril-
liant eyes.
Their lar-
wareuse- »
f nl in de- v w / «?
•troying
Mnture Fly j h Eggs |
c Larva. Enlarged.
aphid 8
Called also
laee-teingedjlyy and gotden-e^ied fly.
Laidl'Oa (ifehOb), \ n. [OF. lacheue, fr. laehe Ux,
• --"- (lish), ( indolent, fr. L. lax^u loose, lax.]
neglect to do a thing at the proper time.
Laolt^-mal (ISk'rT-mal), o. fSee LAOHETMOtB.] L
Pertaining to tears ; as, lachrymal effusions. 2. (a) 8^
cretins tears, (fr) Pertaining to the lachrjrmal organs.
Laca'^-llia-tO-ry (-mA-tt-ij^), n. A "tear-bottle;**
a narrow-necked vessel found in sepulehers of the ancient
Romans. Called also lachrymal or lacrymal.
Laoh'ty-BUMe' (-mOa^), a. [L. lacrymo*uSy laerimo-
stUf fr. laerima a tear.] Oenerating or sliedding tears.
La^Qing (li/sTng), n. 1. A securing or tightening with
laces. 2. A lace ; thong uniting ends of belting. 3. A
line passing through eyelet holes in the edge of a sail or
awnmg to attach it to a yard, gaff, etc.
Law (IXk), fk [D. faJb shmder, toJben to blame.l De-
ficiency ; want ; failure. — v. I, To want ; to need.
Laok'a-dal'H-oal (lKk'*^i'cT-kol), a. [Fr. alaek tht
day."] Affectedly pensive ; languidly sentimental.
Laok'er, n. & v. Lacquer.
Laok'oy (IXkfJ^), n. [V. laquaU."] Footman; senrlle
follower. — V. /. & ^ To pay servile attendance.
Laoklnrtor I (-Ifis'tSr), n. Want of luster. —a.
Laoklna'tro l Wantmg brightness.
La-oon'io (lA-kSn1k), ) a. [L. Laconicus LaconiaUf
La-OOnlO-al (-T-kal), ) Or. Aamtvud^, fr. Aduniy a«
Laconiui, Lacedtemonian, or Spartan.] 1. Expressing
much in few words ; brief and pithy ; brusque. 2. Like
the Spartans ; stem or severe ; cruel ; unfliuching. — La*
oon1o-al-ly, adv. — La-oon'i-oiaiii (-T-sTz*m), n.
8yn. — LAComc ; CoNcna; short; brief; succinct:
sententious ; pointed ; pithy. — Concise means without
superfluous matter ; it is the opposite of diffuse. Laamit
means concise with the additional quality of pithiness.
Lao'0-]liani(lSk^-nTi'm),n. 1. Laccmic style. 2. As
instance of laconic expression.
Lao'qnor (ISk'Sr), n. [F. laere a sort of sealing wax,
Pg. lucre, fr. laea lac, resin.] [Written also lacker.]
A solution of shell-lac in alcohol, for varnishing metals,
papier-mach^, and wood. ^ v. t. To cover with lacquer.
IiB CTOBBlK (lA-krSa'), n. [F. la crosse, lit, the crosier,
hooked stick.] An Indian and Canadian game of ball,
played bv carrying or tossing the ball with long-handled
rackets (" croMses"^) through goals.
Lao^-mal (IKk'rT-mol), n. Lachrymatory. — a.
Lachrymal. [lactic acid. I
Lao'UtO (-ttt), n. [L. lac, lactU, milk.] A salt of |
Lao-ta'ti<MI (-ta'shfiu), n. A giving suck ; the secre-
tion and yielding of milk by the mammary gland.
Lao'ta-al (-t«-al), a. [L.
laeteus milky, fr. lac, lactis.}
1. Pert, to, or like, milk;
milky. 2. Pert, to, or contam-
ing, chyle, ^n. Lymphatic
vessels conveying chyle from
the small intestine through
the mesenteric glands to the
thoracic duct.
Lac'te-an (-an), Lao^e-
OUa (-fi3), a. [See Lactkal.]
1. Milky; consisting of, or
like, milk. 2. Lacteal.
Lao-tea'cenoe (-tSi/sras),
n. [F.l The producing milk,
or milklike juice; resem- j^ctcal. and Adjnwnt Parts,
blancetomilk; a milky color. „ ^^^i , h Th^rflcie PiiPt
— Lao-toa'oont, a.
Lao'tlO (-tTk), a. [L. lac,
laetis."] Pert, to milk; pro-
cured from sour milk or whey.
Lao-tlf'or-oiia (-tTfSr-fis),
a. [L. lac, lactU + -ferwu.^
Bearing or containing milk or
a milky fluid.
Lao-tom'0-tor (lSk-t8m^-
t?r), n. [L. lac, Inctis + -meter."] Instrument for test-
ing the purity or richness of milk.
J.N >iiit>h>itic CK' Mct*a1
GlflFkrU h-tue hi fh4< Mrwtt<
tcrr Rinl ti-nnrflrd wMK
enclj i'Murp nnri with thi
ten!* f: ft El4d1cit1i i>t tbf
Irlrflinif r; «$ I^re^ lj#^
lpt\\t **vnnivii trom Itis
fSm. recent, 6rb» r^de, f^, tuta, fdbd, f<^t, out, oil, chair, s<S sing, ink, then, thin.
LACTOSE
820
LANART
the an- *\itLf^
k lady In /UIV
LmOimW (UQc'tSt'}, n. 1.8iigmrofinilk;aoryrtaUiiie
■ugar praaent in milkf and aeparable from the whey by
evaporation and crvBtaUixation. 2. OalactOM.
Lft-dUTtral (U-kiWtrol), I a, [L. /acta lake.] Found
LA-cns'tlllM (-trln), ) in, or pertaining to, lakea
or ponds, or growing in them.
Lad (lid), n. [OE. ladde, of CelUc origin.] 1. A
boy ; youth : stripling. 2. A comrade ; mate.
LAdMfr J-dSr), «. [AS. hiMder ; akin to D. ladd^ ;
fr. root of E. leany v.] A frame of wood, metal, or rope,
forming iteps for aeoent and descent.
Lada (lid), v. U \imv, Ladbd ; d. p. Ladbd, LAz»Bir
(lid'a) ; p. or, A v6. n. Ladino.] [AS. hiadan to heap,
load, draw (water).] 1. To load; to put a burden on or
in. S. To throw in or out, with a ladle or dipper ; to
dip. -» V. i. To admit water by leakage, as a ship, etc
Lad'ing (lading), n. 1. A loading. 2. That which
constitutes a load or cargo ; freight ; burden.
La'dlt (li'dn), M. [AS. hlxdel, fr. hiadan to load,
drain. ]^ A cupUke spoon used in lading or dipping.—
V. t. To convev in a ladle ; to dip with a ladle.
La-droiM' (lA-drSn'), n. [8p. tadron, L. latro serrant,
robber. Or. A^rptf servant.] A robber ; pirate : rascal.
' La'dy (li'dj^), n. [AS. hlS/dige, hlM/die.] 1. Amis-
tress ; female head of a household. 2. A woman having
proprietarr riffhts or authority ; mistress ; — f em. correl.
of lord, 3. A sweetheart. 4. A well-bred woman ; —
fern, correl. of gentleman. 6. The triturating apparatus
in a lobster^s stomach.
La'dy-Urd' (-bSfrdO, La'dy-lrar (-bfig'), n. A amall
beetle, which feeds on aphids.
La'dy Dar (di^). the day of the
nunciation of the Virgin Mary, March "
La'dy-llka' (-lik'), a. 1. Like a '
appearance or manners ; well-bred,
coming a lady. 3. Delicate ; tender.
La'dy-lora' (-IfivO, n. A sweetheart.
La'dy-ahip (-shTp), n. Rank of a lady ; Ladybird or
—given as a tiUe (preceded by her or your), j^ » /. ^ ^" «
£af(lig),fl. fSael.&Ir., feeble, faint; J/iiJa''?,?.:
Srob. akin to E. /or, languid.'] Last ; long- culata).
elayed. — n. 1. The fag-end ; the rump ; f 'jPjji'y «»-
the lowest class. 2. The amount of re- »f«^-
tardation of anything. 3. A stave of a cask, drum, etc.
— V. i. To move slowly ; to fall behind ; to loiter.
Syn. — To loiter ; linger ; saunter ; delay ; be tardy.
La'Car (iS'ggr), nTTLa'ger beer (bgr'). [O. lager
bed, storehouse -\- bier beer.] A Qerman beer, stored
for some months before use.
Lag'card (lig'gSrd), a. [Lag -f- -crrrf.] Blow ; dag-
giflh ; backward. -» n. One who lags ; a loiterer.
La-goon' (lA-gS5nO, La-gnno' (-gun'), n. [It. or Sp.
lagvnay L. laaina pond, laeus lake.] 1. A shallow chan-
nel or Uke. 2. A lake in a coral island.
La'lc (ISTk^. o. [L./oi>»/*. 8eeLAT,hdc.J Pertain-
hi\i t.> 'X 1 1 V iiNki I .\T the laity. -»n. A layman. — LalC-al, a.
Lidd ( Inil ), ir^p. & p. p. of Lay.
Lain (lin), /I, p. of Lib, r. t.
Lair { I lr)> f>, [A S. leger.] A place in which to lie or
TPAt \ h^il of ii wild beast.
Laifd (tliri!^ ii. [See LoRD.] A Scottish landholder.
Laity I In'T tj^), It. 1. The people, as disting. fr. the
cliTfcy. 2. Th*^ not of a certain profession.
Lakfl (laid. ' [F. laque.'] Pigment formed by com-
binlii]^ ci>|o]iiMj "latter with a metallic oxide or earth.
Laka, n. ixa. Inr, h. lacvs.'] A large body of water,
supplied from the dminage of an extended area.
II Lakh (IKk), n. Lac, one hundred thousand.
laa'ma (la'mA), n. [Thibet, blama (pronounced la'ma)
hlj?h priest.] In Thibet, Mongolia, etc., a priest or monk
of the belief called Ijomaismy a fonn of Buddhism.
Lamb (lim), n. [AS.; akin to Icel. lamb."] 1. The
Toung of the sheep. 2. One as innocent or gentle as a
uunb. •»«. i. To bring forth a lamb or lambs.
Laofbaot (lim^bent), a. [L. famteiu, -aiMi, p. pr. of
lambere to lick; akin to E. lait.] 1. Playix^ on tlM
surface ; gliding over. 2. Twinkling ; flickering.
LamlKkiB (-kin), n. AsmaUlamb.
LamlVMl1lill(li'n'b2r-kTn),i». [F.] 1. A peodtnt
scarf attached to the helmet, to protect it from wet or
heat. 2. A leather flap hanging from a cnhrass. 3. A
piece of ornamental drapery or short decorative 1
Lama (lim), a. [AS. lama.^ 1. (a) Moving with i
or diiBculty on account of injury or obstruction of a func-
tion. (6) Crippled. 2. Limpi^ ; inefBdent ; iiaperfect.
-i- r. t. To make lame.— Lama^Ur* odv.— Lama'Beaa, a.
La-malOA (lA-maOi), n. [L., dim. of lamina plate,
leaf, layer.] A thin phite or scale.
Lam'tf4ar (lim'a-iSr), Lam'ol-Uta (-lit), Lam^l-
la'tad, a. FUt and thin ; composed of Umelhe.
II La-malOl-tean'Okl-a (iA.n.si'iT.briQ^T-4), ) n.pL
liLa-maiai-teaii'Qkl-aaa(-rti), } [kL
See Lamslla, and Brahcbia, BaAMcmAnLl A class o(
MoUusca including all those that hate bivslve shells, ma
the dams, oysters, muasels, etc — La-mal11-teaiM^
Lam'tf -U-tean'Olii-ata, a,iin.
La-maar (lAmfotn, v.i. at. [L. lamentaH^ tt. la-
menf urn a lament.] To weep; to bewail, ^n. 1. Grief
expressed in cries ; lamentation ; weeping. 2. An elegy,
mournful ballad, etc. — La-mmt'or, n.
8sm. — To deplore ; mourn : bewau. See Dstlobx.
Lam'an-U-Ua (ULm'Sn-ti-bn), a. [L. lamenUihain.^
1. Mourning; expressing grief. 2. Pitiable; deplor-
able. 3. Miserable ; paltry. — Larn'OB-ta-Uy , adv.
Larn'on-tatton (-ti'shOn), n. [F. ; L. lameniatio.^
1. Audible expression of sorrow. 2. pi. A book of tba
Old Testament attributed to the prophet Jeremiah.
Lam1-mi(lima-n&),n. [L. Cf.LAinxxA.] 1. Thin
scale ; layer lying over another. 2. Blade of a leaf.
Laml-U-Dla (-ni-bn), a. Capable of being split Into
laminflB, or compressed into thin platee or strips.
Laml-nar (-nSr), Laml-nai (-mil), Laml-na-iy
(-nft-rj^), a. In, or consisting of, thin plates or layers.
Lam'l-nata (-ntt), Laml-mi'tad (-ni'tM), a. Cod-
sbting of, or coverea with, laminae, one over another.
Laml-natO (-nit), v. t. & L 1. To separate into
layers. 2. To form (metal) into a thin plate.
Lam'maa (lim'mas), n. [AS. hlammeue loaf maati
hlaf loaf -f- maeue mass.]
Lam'mar-gclr (lim'u.er-gir), \n. [O. i
Lam'mer-gai'ar (-gi'Sr), f lamm lamb -f geier
Auguet 1st.
Sr-gir), \n. [Q.lammergeieri
vulture.] A very large vulture of Southern Europe,
Asia, and Northern Africa. [Written also lammergeyer.']
Lamp (limp), n. [F. lampe^ L. lampa*^ -adU, fr. Or.
Aofiiraf, -a&K, torch.] 1. A vessel with a vrick, to bum
oil, for producing artificial light. 2. A device for pro-
ducing light by electricity.
LampnblaOK' (-blikO, n. Soot from burning otrbooa-
ceous substances, used in making black pigmenta.
Lam'por Oal' (lim'pSr no. Lamprey.
Lam-poon' (-p^n'), n. [F. lampon a drinking sonc.]
A personal satire ; msjicious centure. — r. t. To ridicule.
syn. — To libel ; defame ; satirize ; lash.
Lam'prty (-prj^), Lam'pral (-prSi), n. [F. tamproie,
LL. latnpreda^
fr. L. lambere
to lick + petra ji , ****irii
stone.] An eel-
like water
animal, having
a round, suck-
i n g mouth, American Lamprey (Pftnmwvm sMrtsw).
without Jaws, (30
but set with numerous minnte teeth, and seven mall
branchial openings on each side. [Written also lamper
fW, lamprel^ and tomDron.]
La'na-ry (irn&-rj^), n. [L. lanoHa^ fr. tana wooL]
A place for storing wool.
S, S, 1, 5, 11, long ; ft, d, 1, 5, A, ^, short ; sindte, gvent, tdea, 6bey, Iknite, clUre, Knn, Ask, »11, flDiri.
LANATE
321
LANTERN
LtfttM (IS^oit), ) a. ih.lanahu,tr.ktna,^ WooUy;
LftlUl-tStff ) covered with fine, long hair.
Lanoa (Uins), n. [F. ; fr. L. lancea ; cf . Or. AoyxiI-]
1. A long spear carried l^ horaeiuen ; harpoon
oaad by wbalert and flabermen. "^ ' '' '
armed with a lance ; a lancer, -i-
nierce with a lance. 2. To open
To throw like a lance.
Lm'oe^Ute (lin^st^-itt),
<.li't«d),LAB'oe^Ur,
tus,} Rd^ber narrow, tapering to a point;
aa, a lanceolate leaf.
Lftll'oar,*. 1. One tdio lances; <Mie
who carries a lance; a cavalry man
armed with a lanoe. 2. />/. A set of
?aadrillee of a certain arrangement.
Written also landers.!
Lut'oat (-aSt), n. [F. laneeUe, dim. I'*™^-
of lance.} Sargical instrument, used in venesec*
tion, opeuiiig abscesses, etc. [launch. I
Linoh (lAnch), v. t. To throw, as a lance ; to |
Lan- Lan'Ol-natt (IXn^sT-nlt), V. t. [L. lancinare,
eeoUto -aium, to tear.] To tear ; to pierce or stab,
l-*^ Land (llnd), n. [AS. ; akin to D., O., 8w., A
I>ni. land.] 1. Solid part of the eartb*s surface; —
opp. to water. 2. A portion of the earth's surface, con-
Moered by itself, or as belonging to a person or people.
S. Oroond; soiL
land afsnt, one employed to sell or let land, collect
rents, etc. —land brssas, a breexe blowing from the land.
— laad fares, a military force serving on land, as disting.
f r. a naval force. — land asasars, system of measuring the
area of laud ; table of areas used in such measurement.
~ * '^ , a government ofBce in which entries upon.
of ,JKiblio land are registered. [ U. S.j
^^r.t. 1. To out on shore from a ship ; to disembark.
2. To catch and bring to shore ; to capture. 3. To cause
to fall, alight, or reach. -• r. i. To go on shore ; to disem-
bark ; to come to the end of a course.
Lufdam-nuui (ISuMKm-mIn), n. [O. ; land -j- am-
mann for amtmann bailiff.] Chief magistrate in some of
the Switis cantons.
Lan'dau (Un'dft), n. [Name of a town in Oermany.]
A four-wheeled covered vehicle, whose top can be thrown
back so as to make an open carnage. [A small iandau. t
Ianf69iQrlmf (-I6t0« n. [F. landauUt, dhn. of landau.]
Land'td (Und'Sd), a. 1. Having an estate in land.
2. Consisting in real estate or land.
Landfall' (-fMOt »• 1* Transference of property in
land by its owners death. 2. Sighting land when at sea.
Vgnw^^ (-fftiV), n. [O. landgraf; land + gn^f
•arl, count.] A Oerman nobleman of the rank of an
English aarlor French count.
uand-ira'Tl-ata (-gri'vT-tt}, n. 1. Territory of a
landgrave. 2. Office, jurisdiction, or authority of a
landgrave. [of a landgrave. I
" Tgra-Vilia (-grA-vSn), n. iQ. landarafin.} Wife|
^'nold'ar (-hWd'Jr), n. Owner of land.
Laadlnf , a. Pertaining to, or used for, setting,
oringlng, or going, on shore. — n. LA going or bring-
ing on shore. 2. A place for landing. 3. The level part
of a staircase, at the top of a flight of stairs.
LaadOa'dy (-IS^dJ^), n. 1. A woman who leases real
•aUte to tenants. 2. Mistress of an inn or lodging house.
LanAlOOk' (-16k0, v. t. To incloee, or nearly inclose
(a harbor or vessel) with land.
LaildlO0kad'(-lSkf),a. l. inclosed by land. 2. Con-
fined to a fresh-water lake by damn ; — said of fishes that
would naturally seek the sea, after spawning.
LandOOCd' (IdrdO, n. i Lord of a manor, land, ,
0t bouses leaaed to tenuits. 2. Master of an inn.
LaSdlvMar (-Ittb'bJr), n. [Land -^ lubber.] One I
who passea UB life on land ; — m> called among seamen. I
Lmd'knaB (-man), n. / pi. Lamdmbm (.m«n). A man <
who livea or serves on land ; — opposed to seaman. I
(llnd'milrkO, a. 1. Amarktodesigmto
the boundary of land. 2. Any conspicuous object on
land that serves as. a ffuide.
Land'own'or (-Su^er), n. An owner of land.
Lana'BOape (-skap), n. [Formerly written also land-
sktp. J [D. landsehap ; land -\- -schap^ equiv. to S. -ekip.]
1. A tract wliich tiie eye can comprehend in asingle view.
2. A picture representing a scene by land or sea.
Land'allp' i-Mj^)* in- 1. The sUpping down of a
Lana'allaa' {-^d^h i n^'^*" ^ I'uid trum a mountain,
hiU, etc. 2. The Und which slips down.
Lailda'iBan (llnds^man), n. 1. One who lives on
land ; — opp. to seaman. 2. A sailor on his first voyage.
U Land'atnnn' (Uiuf stSbrmO, n, [O.l That part of
the reserve torce in Oermany which is called out lasL
U Landtac' (-tSg^), n. [O. See Lahd, and Day.]
The German diet or leffialative body.
Land'waid (llud'wSrd), adv. & a. Toward the Und.
II Land'walir (liinfvir^), n. [O., f r. land + ireAr
defense.] That part of the army, In Germany and Aua>
tria, which is exempt from duty in time of peace.
Lana (lin), n. f^S. lane, lone.] A passageway not
traveled as a highroad : an alley between buildings.
Lan'gliaga (Ufi'gw^ ; 2), n. [OE. & F. langage, fr.
L. lingua speech ; akin ta £. tongue.] 1. Any means
of conveying or communicating ideas; human speech.
2. Expression of ideas by writins, etc 3. Forms of
speech peculiar to a nation. 4. Manner of expression ;
^le. o. Inarticulate sounds by which the lower ani-
mals express their wants. 6. The vocabulary and phraso>
ology belonging to an art, etc.
8yn. — Lamouaob ; Spbkcb ; Tokocb ; Idiom ; Dialsct ;
phraseology ; diction ; discourse ; conversation ; talk. —
Xan^a(7e denote j- -* . — ,m^^ ..
of
for spo] _____
forms of construction peculiar to a particular lananiace :
\quage
_- languag
Saxon term for
the lang
Jenotes any mode of conveying ideas ; speech is
age of articulate sounds ; tongue is the Anglo-
' ken language. Idiom denotes the
dialects are varieties of exprenion used among people
speaking substantially the same Umguage,
Lan'Cllld (-gwTd), a. [L. languidus, fr. languere to
be faint See Lakouish.] 1. Drooping from exhaustion ;
indisposed to exertion ; without anhnation. 2. Slow in
progress; tardy. 3. Promoting or indicatfaig wc
or heaviness. — Lan'SVld-ly, <^r. — LaB'gllld-a
8yn. — Feeble; weak; heavy; duU; hearUess.
, LaBfndak (-gwTsh), v. i, [F. languir, L. languere.]
1. To become Unguid or weak ; to be dull, feeble, or
spiritless. 2. To assume an expression of tender grief,
appealing for sympathy. — La]l'(1llah>aMBt, n.
Syn. — To pine ; wither ; fade : droop ; faint.
IrfUfglMr (-gwSr), fi. [OE. ft OF. langour, L. languor.
See LanouishJ 1. A state of body or mind caused by
exhaustion. 2. Listless indolence : dreaminess.
Syn. — Feebleness ; weariness ; dullness ; Ustlesiness.
Laniard (lin'ySrd), n. Lanyard.
La'&l-a-ry (IVnT-t-rj^), a. ih. laniaHus.] Lacerating
or tearing. — n. A laniary, or canine, tooth.
La-nif trmus (lA.nTf'Sr-tts), a. [L. lani/er ; lana wool
•\-ferre to bear.] Bearing or producing wool.
La-nlf'ar-aiia (lA-nlj'Sr-tts). a. [L. lani-
" " Bearing
l^or pro-
per; lana -f- gerere to bear.]
docine wool.
Lank (llDk). a. [AS. hinne; cf. B. link
of a chain.] Slender and thin; not plump;
lean. — Lankly, adv. — Lank'ttaas, n.
Lank^(-j^),a. Somewhat lank. —LanlT-
i-naaa, n.
Lamarn (IKntSm), n. [L. lantema, fr.
Or. Kofiirrvip H^ht, torch. See Lamp.] 1. (
Something inclosing a light, and protecting it '
from wind, rain, etc. 2. An open structure
set upon a roof, cupola, eto., to give light
and air to the interior.
Dark lanism, a lantern with a single open- Lsntsm.
ing, which may be closed so as to conceal the
f«m, recrat, 6rb, r^da, f^ tLta, food, fo^ot, «u^ oU, eliair, (o, sins, ink, tben, ^i^K
^1
LANUGINOSE
322
LASCAR
light ; —called also buWu-tye. — Mack laiit«rm, an optical
iuorument oonsistiiig of a caae indoaiiig a light, and hav-
iug suitahle lenaes lor throwing upou a acreen, in a dark-
ened room, magnified iHcturea Irom transparent alidea
placed in Uie focua of the outer lena.
Lft-mi'gi-IIOM' (lA-nu'jT^Se^), l a. [L. Utnuginonuy
Ll-nn'gl-nans (-utts), J ir. ^ana wool. J Cov-
ered with down, or fine eoft hair ; downy.
II La.iiii«go (-gd), n. [L.] Soft wooUy hair covering
motot parte of tlie inammai f eUu.
Lui'yara (llu'ySrd), n. [F. lanOre strap, L. lacinia
lappet, dap.] [Written also laniard,] 1. Line faateuiiig
•ometliing in auipe ; piecee passing turough dead-eyes, to
extend shrouds, stays, etc. 8. Cord for firing cannon
witli a friction tube.
X>>P {^?)% *»• [AS. Ueppa."] 1. The loose part of a
coat i skirt ; apron. 2. An edge ; border ; hem. 3. The
part of the clothing that lies on the knees when one sits ;
part of theperson thus covered ; place of fostering. 4.
That part of any substance which extends over part of
another ; the measure ul such extension ; extent oi the
overlapping. 6. One circuit around a race track. — v. t.
1. To restin a Up. S. To fold ; to lay over something.
3. To wrap er wind around something. 4. To hold as in
one's lap ; to cherish. 6. To lay over anything so as to
partly cover it,^v, i. To be turned or folded ; to lie
partly upon something.
Iii^ v,i,&t. [AS. lapian ; akin to L. lambere. Cf .
Lamismt.] To taJce up (drink or food) with the tongue,
^n. A lapping with the tongue.
hK^bomf (llp'bSrdO, n. A board used on the lap
aa a substitute for a table.
Lap'dor i-^^)^ »• A small dog fondled ht the Up.
LA-p«lMl*^pn'), n. [Dim. of lap fold.] Part of a gar-
ment turned back. [Written also lapM/. J
Lap^fnl (Up'fnl), n. As much as the lap can contain.
Liplnda-ry (-I-dt-rj^), n. [L. lapidariM, fr. Ittpu
stone.] An artificer or dealer in precious stones. — a.
1. Pert, to cutting, or engraving on, stones. S. Pert,
to monumental inscriptions.
Lap^-de^Otnoe (-dSs'sens), ». 1. The behig lapidea>
cent. 2. A hardening into a stone. 3. A concretion.
Lap'l-dM'oeilt, a. [L. lapidetcenty p. pr. of laputes-
eere to become stone, tr. lapUy -idi*, stone.] Becoming
stone ; petrifying. — n. A substance which can petrify
other bodies, or convert or be converted into stone.
Lap^-dlflO (-dTfTk), ) a. [L. Japis, -idu + facere
Lap'i-ditlO-al (-T-kal), ) to make.] Forming or con-
verting into ston'*. [fying ; fosuUsation ; petrifaction. I
LA-pld'l-0^MI'aOB (lA-pTdOr-n-ki'shfin). n. A lapidl- 1
La-pldl-fy (*fi), r. /. & i. [F. lapidijUer. See Laii-
Dino, and -rr.l To turn into stone ; to petrify.
LApOHttst (lipa-dTst), n. A lapidary. [stone. 1
II La>ls (IS'pT^), n. ; pi, Lapidbs (tlpnT-dSr). [L.] A I
Laplk]ld-«r (ISpnind-Sr), Lapp, n. An inhabitant of
inland ; one of the Lapps of Lapland.— Lapland-lsll, a.
Lap'pet (-p6t), n. [Dim. of lap a fold.] A small dec-
Lapland ; one of the Lapps
orntive'f old or nap in a garment or headdress.
Lap'piah (-pTsh), Lap'nlo (pTk), a. Pert to the
Lapps ; Laplandish. — n. Language spoken in Lapland.
Lapps (laps), n, pi. A Mongolian people of northern
Norway, Sweden, and adjacent partu of Russia.
LapM, n. [L. labl, lap$tu, to slide, fall.] 1. A gliding,
slipping, or imperceptible passing away. 2. A slip ; slight 'i
deviation from rectitude. 3. Termination of a legal right
through neglect to exercise it. 4. A fall or apo«tasy. — '
V. i. 1. To pass slowly and Mmootlily downward, bock- I
ward, or away ; to glide. 2. To commit a fault by inad-
vertenre or mistake. 3. (o) To pass from one proprietor
to anotlier, or from the origiiud destination, by negli-
gence or fnilnre. (h) To become legally void. ^ v. t. To
let slip. — Laps'a-bl^. Lapsl-ble, a.
Lap'itone' (Ilp'otSnO, "• A stone for the lap, on
which shoemakers beat leather.
Lap'strMlk' (IXp'strikO, U. Made with board! wbOM
Li^traka^ (-strikO* I edges Up one over another;
clinker-built, — said of boats.
Lap'wlnp^ (-wTngO« n. [AS. HleApewinceA A small
European bird of the Plover family ; — called also peewU^
bastard plover^ and uype.
Lar(lkr),n.;/>/.LABB(li'r6z). [L.] A Roman tute-
lary deity ; a deceased ancestor regarded aa a protector
of the familv.
LarlNMU:a'(lira>Ord'or.bSrdO,ii. [Lor- U perh. same
as /otiwr, L e. , humbler in rank.] Left-hand side of a ship
to one on board f aciag toward the bow ; port ; — opp. to
starboard. — a. Pert, to the port side ol a vesaeL
Lar'oa-ny (-st-nj^), n. [F. lardn^ L. latrpemiMm, fr.
UUro robber ; cf. Gr. Xarpw hired servant.] Theft.
Laroh (li&rch). n. [Ci. OF. lareffe, O. /arcA« ; all fr.
L. latix, -tc/«, Or. Aapt^.] A deciduous coniferous tr*>e,
Lai4(l&rd),n. [F., bacon, pig's fat, L.4ardtim.] The
fat of swine, esp. when melted and strained. — r. /. 1.
To stuff with bacon ; to dress with lard. 2. To fatten ; to
enrich. 3- To smear with hurd or fat. 4. To gamiah.
Laid'ar, n. Place where food is kept ; pant^.
II La'Tas (li'rSs), fi. ;pl. of Liim.
Larca (Uirj), a. [F., fr. L. larffut.l 1. Kxcoeding
moat things ol like kind in bulk, camdty, quantity, etc;
big ; extensive ; — opp. to amall, 2. Abundant ; ample.
3. Full in statement; diffuse. 4. Having more than
usual capacity ; having broad syropathiea and geoeroos
impulses; comprehensive. 6. Crossing the line of a
ship's course in a favorable direction ; — said of the wind
when it is abeam, or between tlie beam and the quarter.
— LarsaOr, adv. — Large'naaa, n.
Sjn. — Big ; bulky ; ample ; plentiful ; eopious ; liberal.
Lar'caaa ) (rar'jfis), n. [F. largeue^ fr. torpc] A
Lar'caaaa S present ; a gift : a bounty bestowed.
II Lar-ghattO (-gCt't^ ), a. & adv. [It., dim. of larffo.'\
Somewhat slow or slowly, but not so slowly as largo.
II Lar'fO (liir'gft), a. & adv. [It., large, L. largu*.'\
Slow or slowly. — n. A musical movement hi largo time.
Larl-at (ISi ^-It), n. [Sp. la rtata the rope.] A lasso
for catching cattle, horses, etc., and for picketiup a horEC.
— r. /. To secure with a lariat, [ Wettem V. S.]
Lark (IKrk), n. [Perh. fr. AS. lie play, sport.] A
Jolly time. ^r. i. To sport ; to frolic [C0//09.]
Laxk, n. [AS. /Strerce.] A alnging bird 01 manj
tpecies. ^ f. i. To catch larks.
Lark'8plir(-8p<ir),n. A ranunculaoeoos plant, having
showy flowers, native of the North Temperate sone.
Lai^tnp (llr'rfip), V. I. To flog
soimdly. lf^olloq7\ [aUrm.]
Lar'lim (ISr'Qm), f». Alarum;!
Lar'va(liir'v4). n. ;j}l. L. Labvjc
(-v8), E. Lakvas (-vizt. [L., ghost,
mask.] 1. An insect from the time
it hatches from the egg until it be-
comes a pupa, or chrysalis ; cater-
f>Ular; grub; maggot. 2. The
mmature form of any animal when
A metamorphosis takes place, before
it assumes its mature slu^. — _2_
LarTal,a. « >
Laryn-ca'al (ilr'Tn-jS'ai or ih.
rTn'j$-oi), Lar'ya-ca'aa (-on), a.
Pertaining to the larynx. Lsrr« of Irweetit.
II Laryn-gima (ikr^n-jltls). n. ^« Apodsl L s r V s of
[NL.] Inflammation of the hir>-nx. J5XS«I ^^rK^^i
Laryn-gOt'O-my^-Tn-gSfi-my ), cammt Borer ; r l.«rr«
n. [Gr. Xapvyyorofjiia ; \dpvy(, -vy- of a Beetle (Arfth'$': : d
yoK, larynx -f riinvttv to cut.] A Larvs of Whiu Ant
cutting into the larynx, to aid ree- ('«""**>•
piration when obstructed, or to remove forydgn bodiea .
Lar^Vnz (IXr^nki*), n. [NL., fr. Gr. «p»ry(.] The
expanded upper end of the windpipe or trachea.
Laa'car (IXttOiSr or lIs-kKrO, n. [Per. & Hhid. Ioshkar
ft, S, I, ?S II, long : &, «. 1, 5, 0, ^ ahort i sinate, tvent, tdea, dbey, tinlfee, o4f«, Jinn, ibk, «I1, IbML
LASCIVIOUS
323
LATTICE
■rmy, inferior artillery man, cooly, natire sailor.] A
native sailor, employed in European veaaels ; a menial
about campa, etc. ; a camp follower. [East Indies']
Lm-OlTl-OllS (li»-sTv^-lit), a. [L. lascivus wanton.]
1. Lewd ; lustful. 2. Tenaiug to produce lewd emo-
Uoiis. — Las-€lTl-oii»-ly , adv. — LuHdv^l-ons-neM, n.
laMh (IXsh), n. [Cf. Q. tasche Utchet, stripe, lascKen
to furnish with flaps, to slap.] 1. Thong of a whip. 2.
Stroke ; cut. 3. A hair growhig from the edge of the
eyelid ; an eyelash. — r. /. 1. To whip or scourge. 2. To
strike forcibly and quickly, as with a Ush. 3. To throw
out with a jerk. 4. To censure severely. — t'. «. To ply
the whip ; to utter sarcastic language. — Lash'er (-Sr), n.
Laill, V. to [Cf. D. lasschen to fasten together, luseh
piece. Joint.] To bind with a rope, thong, or chain.
LaiB'ar, n. A piece of rope for binding one thing to
another ; — called also lashing.
Laah'lBf , n. Act of one that lashes ; castigation.
■ M (lAi\ n. [Prob. Celtic] A girl ; sweetlieart.
■'•to ■ ~ ■
liJUl'Sto (ISs'sT), n. A young girl ; a lass.
IScolA
assus fai
weary.] Languor ; debility ; weariness.
IdUl'SO (-sA), n. [Sp. lazo^ L. Inqueus. See Laci.]
A rope or thong of leather with a running noose, for
catcUng horses, cattle, etc. — v. t. To catcli with a lasso.
List (Ukvt), a. [OE. last^ latst, coutr. of latrst, su-
perl. of late; akin to OS. /««/, G. tetzt.] 1. Being after
all the others ; final ; hindmost ; farthest. 2. Next before
the present. 3. Supreme ; highest in degree ; utmost.
4. Lowest in rank or degree. 6. F.irthest of sll from a
given quality or condition ; most unlikely ; least fit. —
adv. 1. At the last time or occasion. 2. In conclusion ;
finally. 3. At a time next preceding the present time.
^ r. i. [AS. laestan to perform, continue, fr. last^ ISst,
trace, course.] To coutinue ; to endure.
Last, n. [AS. lUst trace, footstep.] Block shaped like
the foot, on which to form shoes. — v. t. To fit to a Isst.
Lot, n. [AS. Mxst, fr. Madan to lade.] 1. A load ;
heavy burden ; weight or measure, varying for different
articles and countries. 2. Burden of a ship ; cargo.
LflSflaf , a. Existing a long while ; enduring.
8jm. — Lastisto ; Pebmakskt ; Durable : undecaying ;
perpetual. — Lastinj means merely continuing in exist-
en'« : ttermanent^ continuing in the same state or course ;
durable^ lasting in spite of agencies tending to destroy,
^n. 1. Continuance; endurance. 2. Durable woolen
■tuff, used for shoes ; everlasting. 3. A sliaping on a last.
LftSf Iny-ly, adv, in a lasting manner.
LflSfly, adv. L In conclusion. 2. At last ; finally.
LatOh (ISch), n. [AS. Ittccnn to seize.] A movable
piece which holds anything in place by entering a notch
or cavity ; catch which holds a door when closed, thougii
not bolted, —v. t. To fasten by a latch.
Lat6h'0t (lIch'Bt), n. [OE. lachet, fr. OF. dialect form
of F. laeei plaited string, Uce, dim. of Inrg.'] A shoestring.
Ltte (lit), a. [Compnr. Latbb (lafer), or Lattkr
(lit'tJr) ; siiperl. Latkst (15t'8»t), or Last (list).] [OE.
lot slow, AS. Ixt ; akin to D. laat late.] 1. Coming after
the usnid or proper time; not early; slow; tardy. 2.
Far advanced toward the close. 3. Existing or holding
•ome position not long ago, but not now ; lately decea!u>d ;
gone out of ofllce. 4. Not long past ;, recent. 6. Con-
tinoing until an advanced hour of the night. — atlr. 1.
After the usual or proper time ; after delay ; — opp. to
early. 2. Not long ago ; lately. 3. Far in the night,
day, week, etc. —Lately, 'frfr. — Llte'liess, n.
Lt'tMlt (li'tent), a. [L. Infens, -enti*, p. pr. of la-
tere to lie concealed.] Not visible or apparent ; hidden ;
concealed; dormant. — Lalen-cy (-t/^n-sj^), n,
Lat'ar (ISfSr), a. Compar. of Latb, a. & adr.
Lat'ar-«1 (IXferwil), a. [L. lateralis, fr. lattts, lateris,
side.] 1. Pert, to the sides. 2. Lying at, or extending
toward, the side of the body ; external : — opp. to mesial.
8. Directed to the side. — Lat'er-al-ly, adv.
Lat'Mt (ISt^Sst), a. Superl. of Latb, a. & adv.
Lath (l&th), n. / pi. Laths (l&tfaz). [AS. ltetta.'\ A
thiu, narrow strip of wood, nailed to rafters or beains of
a building, to support tiles, plastering, etc.
Lath (I&tfa), r. t. To cover or line with laths.
Lathe (lath), n. [OE. lathe a granary ; akin to O.
lade chest, Icel. hlaSa storehouse, bam.] A machine
for turning . ^^/f „ -
Engine Lathe.
2. a Bed or Shears < b Carringe. with Cutflne Tool i
r oam irom c Support for revolving part ; ft Bock Gear s ^
profuse <^ont! i / I^oce Plate : 9 Sliding Support ; h Feed
sweating.— Screw, or I^ad Screw,
t'. t. To cover with lather. ^ v. i. To form lather or froth.
Lath'er, r. t. [Cf. Lbathxb.] To flog. [Lotrl
Lath'y (Uth'j^), a. Like a lath ; long and slender.
Latin (ttt^n), a. [F., fr. L. Latinus belonging to
lAiiinm a country of Italy, in which Rome was situated.]
L Pert, to Latium, or to the Latins, a people of Latium ;
Roman. 2. Pert, to, or composed in, the language of the
Romans or Latins. ^ n. 1. Citixen of Latium ; Roman.
2. Language of the ancient Romans.
Late LatJn, Low Lathi, terms designating the lateit
stages of the Latin language : low Latin (and, perhapa,
late Latin also), including barbarous coinages from
French, German, and other languages into Latin form.
Lftt'ln-isill, n. A Latin idiom ; a mode of speech, in
another language, formed on a Latin model.
LatlB-ist, n. [Cf. F. latini.ste.'\ A Latin scholar.
La-till'1-ty (lA-tlnT-tj^), n. Latin tongue or idiom, or
the use thereof ; purity of Latin style.
LatlD'lae (18t/Tn-iz), r. /. [L. latinizare.} 1. To give
Latin forms to (foreign words) in writing Latin. 2. To
bring under the influence of the Romans or Latins.
Latlsh (latTsh), a. Somewhat late. [Colloq.l
Latl-tOde (IfttT-tud), n. [F. : L. latitudo, fr. latus
broad, wide/) 1. Extent from side to side ; breadth ;
width. 2. iCoom ; space ; freedom from restraint ; lax-
ity ; independence. 3. Extent ; size ; scope. 4. Distance
north or south of the equator, measured on a meridian.
6. Angular distance of a heavenly body from the ecliptic.
Lat^l-tU'dl-nal (-tu'dT-nal), a. PerUining to latitude ;
in the direction of latitude.
Lat'l-tU'dl-lia'rl-ail (-nS'rT-frn), a. 1. Not restrained ;
not confined by precise limits. 2. Indifferent to a strict
application of any standard of belief ; lax in doctrine. ^
n. 1. One moderate in his notions, or who indulges
freedom in thinking. 2. One who departs in opinion
from strict orthodoxy. — LaVl-tll'dl-na'rl-ail-iBm, n.
Lttten (ISt'ten), n. [of. la/on, prob. fr. late Uth.]
1. A kind of brass hammered into thin sheets. 2. Sheet
tin ; iron pLate ; any metal in thin sheets.
Lat'ter (-tSr), a. [OE. /«/rr, iB'tter, compar. of lat
late.] 1. Later ; more recent ;— opp. to/ormrr. 2. Of two
things, the one mentioned second. 3. Recent ; modem.
Lafter-ly, adr. Latnly : recently ; at a later period.
Lat'ttoe (ISt'tTs), n. [F. lattis lathwork, fr. latte htth.l
Any work made by crossing laths, or thin strips, and
tBn, recent, 6rb, ryda, fyll, Om, ftfbd, fcTot, oat, oil, ohair, so, sins, l||k, tliea, tbin.
LAUD
324
LATERIN6
formiaf • mttmuk.'^v. I. L To main • litttoe of.
t. To f orniah with a kttioo.
Land (Iftd), n. IL. Unu, UmdU.} 1.
High comiueudatioa ; praise ; glorv. 2.
A part of dirino worahip, oondating
chiefly of praiae ; — naually iup/. — v. I.
[L. loMdare.'] To praiae ; to celebrate.
Land'a-m a. l. Worthy of being
lauded ; praiaeworthy. 2. Healthy ; aa-
lubrious ; uormal ; having a dlspoaitioa
to promote heaUng. — Lantf'a-blT, adv. -r>j
Lan'daranm (lafdi-nlim), n. X''^*
L. ladanumt Or. Aofioyor, kind of reain.] Lauice
Tincture of opium, uaed medicinally.
Iai1l*datiOiB (-dS'shOn), n. A lauding ; praiae.
Land'a-tO-ry (iRd'A-tt-r^), a. CoAtaining praiae.
Laugh (IXi), «• i- [as. hUhfumJaiehhan.] To ahow
mirth, aatiafaction, or deriaionf bv expreaaious of face and
Toice.^v. /. 1. To influence by laughter or ridicule.
2. To expreaa by, or utter with, laughter, —n. An ex-
preaaion of mirth peculiar to the human apeciea ; eound
heard in laughing ; laughter. — Lavgll'er, it.
Lavgll'a-Dle (-A-b*l). a. Fitted to excite laughter. —
Lavgh'a-My, adv. — Lavgli'a-l»l»-iMaa, u.
Sjn. — Mirthful ; comicaL Bee Dboll, Lddicbous.
LauflllBf (IXfTng), a. An, fr. Laugh, r. i.
LavffhtBf gaa, an oxide of nitrogen ao called from the
exhiUmtion it aometimea producea when inhaled. It ia
uaed aa an anaeathetic agent.
Lavcb^ff-StOOk^ (-stSkO, n. An object of ridicule.
Lani^tar (-t^r), n. [as. hleatUor; atin to O. ge-
l&ehterA A movement f uaually involuntary) of the nius-
clea of the face, eap. of the lipa, with an expression of the
eyea indicating merriment, satiaf action, or derision, and
uaually a aonorona expulaion of air from the lungs.
LaQBOh (lilnoh), r. /. [OE. lanehier to throw aa a
lance, fr. /amy lance.] [Written alao/anoA.] 1. To throw
(a lance or dart) ; to hurl. 2. To aet afloat (a ahip).
a. To aend out ; to start (one) on a career ; to ptit in op-
eration. ^ r. i. To move like a ahip sliding from the
atocka into the water; to plunge; to begin. ^ it. 1. A
launching. 2. Movement of a vesael from the land
into the water. 3. The boat of the largeat aixe bslong-
iuff to a Nhip of war ; an open boat of large aise.
Lann'ier (IKn'dZr), r. t. [L. la-are to wash.] To
waah (clothes) ; to waah and iron. —
Lami'draaa, n. /.
Lana'dry (-dry), n. [OF. lavandtrieA "L A laun-
dering ; a washing. 2. Place where laundering is done.
LaU'ra-ate (l^'rl-tt), a. [L. kmrealm^ fr. laurra
laurel tree, lauru* laurel.] Crowned, or decked, with
laurel, —n. One crowned with laurel ; a poet laureate,
the EnglUh court poet. — Lav'T^-ata-alllp, n.
Lan'Ml (-rin), «. [OK. /©iy /, F. laitrier, fr. L. lanrus.l
1. An evergreen nhnib, having aromatic leaves ; — called
alao npeet bay. 2. A crown of laurel ; honor.
La'ra (la'v4), n. [It. ; orig. in Napleti, a torrent of rain
overflowing tlie streets, fr. It. & L. lavare to wash.]
Melted rock ejected by a volcano.
LaT'a-tO-ry (l«v'4.t*-ry), a. Washing; cleansing by
waahing. — n. 1. A plaoe for washing. 2. Basin for
washing in. 3. Wash or lotion for a diseased part.
LaTO (15v), tf. t. * I. [F. /ffrrr, L. larnrej akin to
Ivere to waah, Qr. AovctK.] To wanh ; to bathe.
LaT'en-der (IRv'8iwi?r), n. [F. larande^ It. Inrniufa.']
1. An aromatic plant of southern Europe, yielding oil
usnd in medicine and perfumery. 2. Tlie pale, purplish
color of lavend#»r flower*.
Lav'er (IS'vgr), n. [F. laroir, L. favafoHum a waah-
ing place.] Veesfti for washing ; large basin.
LaT'lah (Iftv^sh), a. [Akin to OE. loren to lade out.1 1.
Expending profunely. 2. Excessive. ^ r. ^ To squander.
Byn. — Prodigal ; immoderate. See PRonrs*.
LawOn),!!. rAS.{a9ii,fr. rootof K.flt; tkiBtQL.
<«s, K. <e^.] 1. A rale of biiug or of ooodoet. %.
The will of God ; the rule of action aa obligatory oo the
moral nature. 3. The Jewiah or Moaaic code, dieting, fr.
the gospel ; the Old Ttetament. 4. (a) An organic rule,
aa a oonatitution or charter of a atate. (6) Any decree,
atatute, etc., made by the controlling authority. 6. A
rule of phyaical being or change. 6. Mathematical mode
or order of aequenoe. 7. Legal science ; juriaprudenoe ;
applied juatioe. 8. Litiratiou.
Lawful (Ift'fvl), a. 1. Legitimate. 2. RightfuL —
Lawfnl-lT, adr. — Lawffol-nasa, n.
Sjn. — Lawtul; Lboal; constitutional; allowable;
regular ; rightful. — Laurful means conformable to tlie
pmiciple, spirit, or eaaence of tlie law. and ia applicable
to moral aa well aa Juridical law. Legal meana conlorma-
ble to the letter or rules of the law aa it ia administered
in the courta ; conformable to juridical law.
Law^rar (-gTv'Sr), n. LeglaUtor.
Lawiaaa. a. 1. Contrary to, or unauthoriied by, law ;
illegal. 2. Not reetndned by the law of morality or of
society. 3. Not subject to laws of nature ; uncontrolled.
— LawOaaa-ly, adv. — LawOtaa-iMaa, «.
Law'mak^o: (-mSk^Sr), n. A legishUor; lawgiver.
Lawn (Iftn), n. [F. lande heatli, moor ; of Celtic ori-
gin.] L An open qMce between woods. 2. Ground cov-
ered with graaa kept cloaelv mown.
Lawn BMwar, a machine for cUppIng graaa on lawna. —
Lawn taaals, a game of tennis played ui the open air.
Lawa,n. [Earliertotfn<r/^»en,i. e.,/atm/tNrii; prob.
fr. the town Laon in France.] A very fine liiien (or
sometimes cotton) fabric with a rather open texture.
Law'auit' (lA'autO* n. An action at law.
Law^ar (-yer), n. One versed in the lawa, or a prac-
titioner of law ; an attorney, rounaelor, aolicitor, etc.
Laz (ISks), a. [L. laxus!) L Not tenae, firm, or rigid ;
loose ; slack. 2. Not strict or stringent ; not exact ;
vague ; equivocal. 3. Having a looaenees of the bowels ;
dinrrheal. — LazlT, adv. — Laz'llMa, Lazl-ty, n.
Syn. — Loose ; suck ; vague ; licentioua.
Laz-a'tlOll (IKka-a'ahOn), i». [L. laxatio, fr. Inxart to
looaen, fr. laxut.'] A loosening or being alackcned.
Laz'a-tiTe (inca'A-tTv), a. 1. Having a tendency to
relax. 2. Relieving from constipation ; — opp. to ajt'rm-
gent. '-'ft. Laxative medicine.
Lay (la), imp. of Lis, to recline.
Lay, a. [F. /ai, L. laicns, Gr. Aaunk of the people,
lay, fr. Aaoc, Acwc, people.] 1. Pertaining to the laity,
as distinct from the clergy. 2. UuprofcssionaL
Lay,n. [OF. /at.] 1. A sonf : iMillad. 2. A melody.
Liy, r. t. [imp. v«- p. p. Laid (i5«') ; p. pr. & rb. n.
Layikg.] [AS. lecpi », causative, tr. litgan to lie.J 1.
I To cause to lie down ; to set down ; to deposit. 2 To
I place in position ; to arrange. %. To prepare ; to provide.
I 4. To spread on a aurf ace. 6. To calm ; to allay. 6. To
deposit (a wager) ; to atake ; to riak. 7. To bring forth
I and deposit (eggs). 8. To apply ; to put. 9. To impose
! (a burden, punishment, etc.) ; to aaaeas (a tax). 10. To
impute ; to charge ; to allege. 11. To impose (a com-
I mand or a duty). 12. To preaent or offer. — v. •'. 1. To
I produce and deposit egga. 2. To lay a wager ; to bet. ^
n. 1. Something laid or placed in tta poaition ; a row ;
stratum ; layer. 2. A wager.
Lay flgara. (a) An artistes jointed model of the human
body, that may be put iu any attitude. (6) A puppet.
Layer (15'?r), n. [See
Lay, r. /.] 1. One that lays.
2. That which is laid; a
stratum ; bed ; one thirkne.ss,
course, or fold Isid over an-
other. 3. A shoot of a plant,
not detached from the stock, <
laid under KTOund for growth.
Layer-lnf , n. A propaga-
ting (plants) by layers. Lsyer* f.*?).
ft, 8, 1, 8, a, long ; il, «, I, », tt, t» *^on ; senAte, « vent, tdea, ftbey, Qnito, cAro, »rm, Aak, ^11, fimd.
LAYMAN
325
LEAVE
htlf^amn (IS^man), n. One of the laity, or people,
didting. fr. Um clergy ; one not belongiug to eome par-
ticular profeerioD.
lafMU (li'iiir), M. [OF. laMore, fr. Lasarus the beg-
gar.] One infected with a pertilential disease.
LATa-rtf (liz^A-rCf ), ) n. [F. lazareiy It. lazterettOy
LAS'a-IVtlO (-t$)t \ fr. Lataru*.] Honpital or
penthouse for persons affected with contagious diseases.
La'iy (li'sj^), a. [F. la* tired, L. la*9us.'\ 1. Disin-
clined to action or labor; idle; shirking work. 2. Inactive;
alotbf ul ; sluggish. — Lft'si-ly , adv. — Lft'll-lMM, n.
Syn* — Indolent ; slug^sh ; slothful. See Idlb.
Lm (li), n. [AS. ledK, te& : perh. akin to L. lucut
groTe, K. lights n.] A meadow or sward land ; grassy field.
LMOll(llch), n. [Written also /e/cA.] [AS. /e^ lye.]
1. A quantity of wood ashes, through which water passes,
imbibing the alkalL 2. Vat for leaching ashes, bark,
etc. ^ p. t. [Written also leech and lelch. ] 1. To remore
the soluble constituents from by subjecting to the action
of percolating liquid. 2. To dissolve out. ^v. i. To
part with soluble constituents by percolation.
Iitad (UM), n. [AS. ledd-l 1. One of the chemical
elements, a heavy, pliable, inelastic metal, both malleable
and ductile, and UMd for tubes, sheets, bullets, etc 2.
An article made of lead or an alloy of lead. 3. A small
CT Under of black lead or plumbago, used in pencils. — v. /.
To cover, fill, or affect with lead.
Lsad psanll. a pencil of which the marking material Is
sraphite (black lead).
Ltad (»d), r. t. A i. iitnp. A p. p. Led (ISd) : p. pr.
& vb. m. Ls^DiHa.] [AS. ISedany a causative fr. liSan to
gow] 1. To guide or conduct with the hand, etc. 2. To
ahow the way ; to instruct. 3. To direct with authority ;
to bare charge of. 4. To precede ; to be foremost among.
6* To draw by influence ; to induce. 6. To guide one's
self in, through, or along (a certain course) ; to proceed
or follow in 0^ certain course). 7. To begin a gsaae or
trick (of cards, dominoes, etc.) with. — n. 1. A leading
or conducting ; guidance. 2. Precedence ; advsnce.
3. Tlie act or right of playing first in a game or round ;
the card, suit, or piece, so played.
LMd'td (Wd'Bd), a. 1. Fitted with lead ; set in lead.
2. Separated by leads, as the lines of a page.
Ltad'MI (Wd^n), a. 1. Made of lead. 2. Like lead
in color, etc. 3. Heavy ; dull ; sluggish.
iMtA'n (ISd'SIr), n. One that leads or conducts ; a
gtiide ; one of the forward pair of horses in a team ; a
pipe to conduct rain water from a roof ; conductor.
Bjn. — Chief ; cldeftain ; commander. See Crikp.
Ltad'ar-Shlp, n. The office of a
leader. [work. I
Laadlav (WdTng), n. Lead ; lead |
Ltal (18f), H. ; pi, LCAVBB (ISvz).
[AS.1 1. A colored expansion grow-
ing from the side of a stem or root-
stock of a plant. 2. Something like a
leaf in being wide, thin, and flat, or in
being attached to a larger body by one
edge or end ; as : (a) A part of a book
or folded sheet containing two pages
npon its opposite sides. (6) A division
or part, that slides or is hinged, as of
window shutters, folding doors, etc.
(r) The movable side of a table, {d) A
very thin plate, ^r. i. To shoot out
leaves ; to produce leaves ; to leave.
LMTftf* (ISftj; 2), n. Leaves,
coUeotively ; foliage.
LaaM—l, a. Having no leaves or foliage.
LaafOtt, n. 1. A little leaf; little printed leaf or
tract. 2. One of the divisions of a compound leaf ; foliole.
LMfStalk' (-«t||kO« n- StiUk or petiole of a leaf.
LmI^ (S). a, 1. Full of leaves. 2. Consisting of
leaves. - LMh-n««l (-T-nSs), n.
Leaf.
6 BUdo ; f' Petiole,
nr l^'ntBtslk ; tt
Stipules.
IiMglM (lSg)i n. [Cf. OF. legue^ Heue, % measure of
length. It. & LL. i^lf^] A measure of dirtaoce, rarying
in different countries. The English and American marine
league equals 3 geograptiical miles of 6080 feet each.
Lm|;1M, n, [F. ligue^ LL. liga^ f r. L. ligare to bind.]
An alliance to accompliah a purpose. *— r. t. di t. To
unite in a league ; to confederate. — LM'glwrf n.
Syn. — AUumce ; combination ; compact ; cooperation.
Loak (ISk), n. [D. lek.^ 1. A crack or hole which
admits fluid, or lets it escape. 2. Entrance or escape of
a fl|iid through an aperture. — r. i. 1. To let water or
other fluid in or out. 2. To enter or escape, as a fluid,
through a hole, etc ; to pass gradually into, or out of
something. [or iiisues by leaking. I
Laak'aca (-tj ; 2), n. A leaking ; quantity that enteral
Ltak^ C-j^), a. 1. Permitting fluid to leak hi or out.
2. Apt to disclose secrets. [ CoMoo. ] —Lsakl-liasa, n.
Laan (ISu), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Lkawso (ISnd), some-
times Lbamt (iCnt^ ; p. pr. & rb. n. LBAmNG.l [AS. A/i-
nian ; akin to O. lehnen^ L. indinare^ Or. xAiyetv, L. di-
vtu hill, elopej 1. To incline, or bend, from a vertical
position. 2. To incline in opinion or desire. 3. To rest
for support, comfort, etc. —v. t. To incline ; to rest.
Laan, a. [as. hlBne.] 1. Wanting flesh or fat ; thin.
2. Wanting fullness or productiveness ; scant ; mean. ^
n. Muscle of flesh, witiiout fat. — Laanliaaa, M.
Syn. — Slender : thin ; meager ; lank ; skinny ; gaunt.
Laan'-tO' (ISuOSd'), o. Having only one slope or pitch ;
— said of a roof.^n. A slight building with a single-
pitched roof, placed against the wall of a larger structure.
Laap (ISp), r. t. [AS. hle6pan.'\ 1. To spring clear
of the ground, with the feet ; to jump ; to raulL 2. To
spring suddenly ; to bound ; to move swiftly, ^v. /. 1. To
pass over by a jump. 2. To cause (a horse, etc) to lexp,
— n. A leaping ; space passed by leaphag.
Leaplroc' HrSg'), n. A boys* play, In which one
leaps over the bent shoulders of others.
Laap' yaai^ (ySr^)- Bissextile ; a year containing 366
days ; every fourth year which leapt over a day more than
a common year, giving to Febnuuy 29 days.
Laam (lem), r. t. [imp. & p. p. Lbarxkd (ISmd), or
Lbakmt (iSmt) ; p-pr. & rb. n. Lbarnino.] [AS. leor-
nian ; fr. root of ISran to teach.] To gain knowledge
of ; to ascertain ; to acquire under«tandiug of, or akill in.
^v. i. To receive instruction. — Leam'ar, n.
Laarafadf a. Pert, to learning ; possessing scholastic
learning ; erudite ; well-informed. — Leam'Wl-lT, adr.
Laamlnc, n. [AS. leomung.'l 1. Acquisition of
knowledge. 2. Skill in science or literature.
8yn. — Scholarship ; science ; letters. See LrrsRATuas.
Laaaa (ISs), v. t. [OF. laUsier to leave, transmit, L.
Utxare to slacken, fr. laxtu loose, wide.] 1. To grant to
another by lease the possession of (lands, tenemento, etc ) ;
to let. 2. To hold under a lease ; to take a lease cA, — n.
1. A letting of lands, etc., to another. 2. Contract for
such letting. 3. Tenure by grant or permission.
Laaaa^bald' (ISsHiSldO, a. Held by lease.— n. Ten-
ure by lease ; land held under a leaoe for years.
Laaah (ISsh), n. [OF. lejuf, LL. lara, fr. L. larue
loose.] 1. A thong or cord, bv which a falconer holds his
hawk, or a courser his dog. 2. A brace and a half ; three.
^ V. t. To tie together, or hold, with a leash.
Laaat (leitt), a. [AS. IZaatt, ISjtest, siiperl. of ISsM
less. See Lbss, a.] [Used as superl. of little.y Small-
est ; shorteAt ; lowest. — adr. In the smallest degree.
Laath'er (ISth'SIr), n. [AS. leSer.] Skin of an ani-
mnl tanned or otherwise dressed for use ; dressed hides,
collectively. — n. Made of leather ; like leather.
Laath'er-baok^ (-bikOt n. A large sea turtie having
no bony shell on its back.
Laath'am (-Sm), a. Blade of leather.
Laath'er-y (-j^), a. Resembling leather ; tongh.
LaaTa (ISv), r. ». [imp, & p. p. Lkavbd (ISvd) ; p. pr,
& rb. n. Lbavino.] To send out leaves ; to leaf.
lirn, recent, 6rb, rydo, f ^11, Um, food, fdbt, out, oil, ehair, go, ting, ink, tbaa, thin.
LEAVE
326
LEGISLATE
hdKW (»t), n. [AS. U^,- M3dn to U6/ ptoaaiiig, dear, i
B. tie/.1 1. Liberty gnmted ; penniMiou ; lioenae. 2. A
leftving or departing ; farewell ; adieu.
870. — See LoBBTT.
IiMW, r. t. lim^. & p. p. Lbtt (18ft) ; p. pr. & vb. n.
Lbavqio.] [K^AZJan^^r.u^fTeBasaxA^\xoT\t^9.^ 1. To
depart from. 2. To let remain miremoved or undone.
8. To deaiat or abatain from. 4. To give up ; to reliu-
quiah. 6. To let be or do without interference. 6. To
Sut; to commit; to aabmlt. 7. To have remaining at
eaUi : to beoueath. ^ V. t. To ceaae ; to desist.
Syn. — To forsake ; bequeath ; forbear. See Qurr.
IiMT'in (l»T"n), n. tOE. & F. Uvain, L. leramen
alleTiation, a raiaing, that which raises, fr. Uvme to
raise.] Any aubstauce producing fermentation ; portion
of fermenting dough, which, mixed with a larger qi aii-
tity, produces a general change in the inaaa, and renders
it lijibt; yp-t»t — ^^. * 1 T^i make light by action of
l4-«ivk']t ; t*i r;4U^ u» tcrin' ' %. To infect; to vitiate.
LttaTlOgBi rj./^. \. 1.1 I left; relics. 2. Reiuse.
Uecli'Qt U^'li'^ri, ff J 'I lecfuoTy Ifcheur.] One
ftivr-ii to lQwJi>f«Hi. i— r\ f, I-' indulge lust. — Looh'er-
01U ['^f\ n. — htcWiat-^maAjt adv. — h90hfn-<MM-
ht/^^tm (t^k'rlHlu)^ K. [1.. lectio^ fr. Ugere^ tectuniy
to read.] 1. A less^tm t?r t<>/4L-< tion of Scrtpturtf, read in
divine itiTrvJ*!^?, 2. A ti'^^Jinfr ; variation in the text.
I^arc'tton-t-lT ( *^-Tf )■ " 'l LL. lectumarium.'} A book,
or Ji*i, of lfi».ti-»u»t 1i>r M'mllrik' in divine service.
iM/tun t'tfir ; 40;, w. {¥. ; LL. lectura, fr. L. Ugtre.
Uctum^ to read.] 1. A methodical discourse, intended
for inatrdction. 2. A reprimand from one having author-
ity.—r. /. 1. To deliver a lecture to. 2. To reprove
formally. ^ r. i. To deliver lectures. — LM/tnr-cr, n.
Loo'tlllll (Ifik'tfim), n. [LL. Uclrinvm^ fr. L. legere^
lectumA A reading desk, from which lections are
chanted or read. [Written also lectern and Uttem.]
- - " "Lbad.
1 AS. ticoan to lie, be pros-
1 (16d), imp. & p. p. of Lbad.
LedM m\ n. [Akin to AS. /1
trate.] [Formerly written lidge.'] 1. A shelf on which
to lay" articles ; projecting ridge. 2. Shelf, ridge, or
reef, of rocks. 3. Layer ; stratum. 4. A lode ; a limited
maas of rock b'^nrinff valuable mineral.
LtdS'ar (l»j'?r), n. [Akin to D. legger a layer, a day-
book Tfr. leggen to Uy), E. ledge, he.^ A final book of
record in business tntiisactt^nn. rWntten also leqer.']
Let (18), n. [F. /i>.] That which settles at the bot-
tom ; sediment ; drnss : — used now only in pi.
Let, ». [AS. AM, hledwy shelter.] 1. A sholtered
place ; side sheltered from ttie wind ; protection. 2.
Quarter, as one stands on shipboard, toward wliich the
wind blows. — a. Pert to the side opposite to ttrnt
against which the wind blows ; — opp. to weather.
Lse shera, the shore on the lee side of a vessel. — Lse tids,
ft tide running in the s^me direction that the wind blows.
LttOh (l8cTi>. n. i^ r. I. Leach.
Lttoh. n. [Cf. Icel. We, 8w. lik boltrope.] Border
or edge at the side of a sail. [Written also leach.'\
Letoh. n. [ AS. Iteee physician ; akin to lacnian to lieal. ]
1. An annuloae worm, of numerous genera and species.
Medicinal Leech ( H»nvtn m^ffirinali$).
a Simple ey«i t b Ventral tide.
esp. thoee species used in medicine for drawing blood. 2.
A glass tube, for drawing blood from a scarified part by
means of a vacuum. — r. t. To bleed by the use of leeches.
Leak (ISk), n. [AS. le/ic.^ A plant haviiii; succulent
leaves rising from a cylindrical bulb, and a flavor stronger
tiian that of the onion.
(l«r), n. [AS. A/e<^ cheek, face.] A distortion d
the face, or iudirect glance of tlie eye, conveying inuuod*
est suggestion. — r. t. To look askance suggeativoly.
Lets (tSz), n. pi. Dren. See Lbb, sediment.
Ltt^ara (IS'werd or IS'Srd), a. Pert, to, or in the di-
rection of, ttie part toward which the wind blows ; — opp.
to witidwiird. — n. The lee side. — adv. Toward the lee.
Lee'way' (li'wi'), n. Lateral movement of a ahip to
th f leeward of her course ; drift.
ijOft (18ft), imp. & p. p. of Lbavb.
Ltit, a. [AS. left (e«iuiv. to L. inani^), or le/ weak.]
Pert, to tliat side of the body on which muscular action
is usually weaker than on tlie other side ; — opp. to right.
— n. The side opposite to the rig /it.
Lefl'-lUUld^ (ISttOdLndO, a. Situated on the left.
Ltft'-lUUld^ad, a. 1. Having tlie left hand or arm
stronger than tlie right ; ut^ing the left hand and aim
better than the right. 2. Clumsy ; unlucky ; sinister ;
malicious. 3. Having a direction contrary to that ct the
hands of a watch when seen in front.
Leg (I6g), n. [Icel. leggr ; akin to Dan. l«g calf of the
leg.] 1. A limb of an animal supporting ttie body ; esp.,
that part of the limb between knee and foot. 2. A aupport
on which anything rests. 3. The part of an article of
clothing which covers the leg. 4. A fielder, in cricket,
whose position is on tlie outside, in rear of the batter.
Leg'a-OT (ISg'A-sy), n. [L. legart to appoint by will,
to bequeath.] A gitt of property by will ; bequest.
Le'gal (18^gnl), a. [L. /ryo/t«, fr. /ex, /<f^, law.] 1.
Created bv, permitted by, in conformity with, or relating
to, law. 2- Governed by rules of la w aa disting. f r. rules <tf
eouity. -Le'ma-ly, adr. - Le-gal'1-ty (il-rfiT-ty), ».
Bjn. — Legitimate ; licit ; authorised, bee Lawtuu
Le'gal-lae, r. t. To make legal.
Leg'ata (l^Ktt), n. [L. legaitu^ fr. legart to depute,
fr. lex^ legity law.] An ambassador or envoy.
Leg^a-tee' (•4-tS'), n. Receiver of a legacy.
LeTatt-Bldp (ISK'tt-shTp), n. Office of a legate.
Ltg'a-tina (-A-tiu), a. 1. Pert, to a legate. 2. Made
by, proceeding from , or under the sanction of, a legate.
Le-gatlon (l^-gi'shfin), n. [L. UgaHo."] 1. The
commissioning one person to act for another. 2. A leg-
ate and hia associates in his mission ; embaasy. 3. Official
residence of a diploiuatic miuittfr at a foreign court.
II Leg'a-tOI^ (l»g'A-t6r'), n. [L., fr. /eyore.] A tecta-
tor ; one who bequeaths a legacy.
Leg'end (Wj'Bnd), n. [OE. <» OF. legende, fr. L. /e-
geitdu* to be read, fr. leoere to read.] 1. That which w
appointed to be read. 2. A story respecting sainta. 3.
Wonderful story of the past, not verifiable oy historical
record ; myth ; fable. 4. Inscription ; motto ; title.
Leg'end-a-nr (-Sn-di-rt), a. I'srt. to, or oonsisting of,
legends; fabulous. — ». 1. A narrative. 2. A narrator.
L^'er (ISj'Sr), a. [F. leger, fr. L. lerit light in
weight.] Light ; trivia). \0b». except in phrases.!
L^sr Has, a line added above or below the muaical staff
to extend its compass : — called also added line.
Leg'er-de-maiB' (-d^-mEn'). t. [F. leaer lipht, nimMe
4- <f« of + main hand, L. immt».] Sleight of hand ; ait-
ful deception or trick.
Lagged {\9ad or 18g'g8d), a. Havins (such or so many)
legs : — as, a long-legged man ; a tviodepged animaL
Leg'gtng (ISg'aTiig), \ n. A cover for the leg, like a
Leg'gln (ISg'frTn), ) long gaiter.
Leg'l-ble (ISjT-bn), n. [L. legihilii, fr. legere to
rend.] 1. Capable ot being read or deciphered; plain.
2. CapaMe of being nn^^errt^od by apparent marks.
-Leict-bly, n.tr. - Ler'l-Me-neaB, Ltg'l-tlll-ty, n,
Le'glon(Ie'jnii>, u. [OF., fr. L. legio, fr. legtrt to
cullecr. ] 1. A body of ancient Roman foot soldiers and
cavalry. 2. A military force ; aniiy. 3. A multitude.
Le'gion-a-IT ( -t-rj^ ). a. pert, to a legion : conaifftinf of
1 indefinitely grcnt number. — M.
Legta-Ute (Wjls-lit), t-. i.
A member of a legion.
To enact laws.
S, e, 1, 8, a, long ; ii, «, I, ft, fi, tf •boTt ; sanrte, «vent, tdea, dbey, finite, c4re, Krm, Aak, {|I1, fnaL
LEGISLATION
327
LESSON
Ltrla-lft'tfton (ieg'T».l£'Bhttn), n. [L. legit latio. Bee
TiMPiHi.ATOB.] A Idgislatiug ; law« eniictod.
Lagll-iA-tlTe (-ii-tiv), a. 1. Making laws ; - dicing.
fr. executive, 2. Fert. to the iu»kiug of laws.
Ltg'lS-U'tOr (•13't?r), i». [L. ; Uz, Irgis, Uw -(- /<itor
a propoeer, fr. toltM, uaed as p. p. of /erre to bear. J A
lawgiver ; member of a legislative bod v.
uHgnJk-yaftan (-tttr : 40), n. [F. Ugidaiure.-] Body
of persons in a state empowered to make laws.
^t^glSt (lyjTst), n. IV. l^gule, f r. L. lex, legit, law.]
One udUed in the laws ; a writer on law.
L*-gltl-BUIt0 (IHTtT-raftt), a. [hL. Irgitimatut, fr.
L. Uguimut legitimate.] 1. Accordant with law ; law-
ful. 2. Lawfully begotten; bom in wedlock. 3. Au-
thorised ; real ; genuine. 4. Conforming to known
principles, or accepted rules. 6. Following bv logical
aeqoence; rea8oniJ>le. ^ r. /. To make legitimate or
▼»Ud ; to put in the position of a legitimate person before
the Uw. — Le-giH-mato-ly, ndv. - Le-giH-mato-iMM,
L^-gttl-IIU-oy (-mA-sj^), n. — Lt-giMnulllOIl, n.
Iii-gttl-llUI-tiM (-m^-tiz), V. /. To legitimate.
LM^ri-llllM (-mTst), Le-gin-BU-tlst (-mi-tTat), n.
One who supports legitimate authority; one who be-
lieves in hereditary monarchy, as a divine right.
Lt-gtM-mlM (-mix), r. /. To legitimate.
Ltg^UM (ISg^m or It-gum'), n. [F. ; L. legnmen,
fr. Ugere to gi^er.] 1. A pod dehiscent into two pieces
or valves, and having tlte seed at-
tached at one suture, as that of
the pea; a cod. 2. pi. Fruit of
lefuminous plants, as peas, beans,
lupines: ptUse. — !•• • gv ' ml •
BOS (If-gn'mT-nfis), <
Legume after Dehi»-
ciDce.
; 40), n. [OE. & OF. leisir, orig.,
permission, fr. L. licere to be permitted.] 1. Freedom
from occupation or business ; vacant time. 2. Opportu-
nitv ; ease.-* a. Unemployed ; as, leiture hourt».
Mtlmrt-ly, a. Having leisure ; taking abmidant
time ; not hurried. —<ufr. In a leisurely manner.
laamfmm (ICm'mA), n. ; pi, L. Lbjim ata (-mi-t&), E.
Lbmhas (-mis). [L. ; Or. Kntttta an assumption, fr.
Kafifidirtw to take.] A preliminary proposition used in
the demonstration of some other proposition.
IiMi'lBillf (-mTng), n. [Nor.] A smaU arctic rodent
of both hemispheres, resem-
bling meadow mice, and mi-
grating hi great numbers.
litm'oa (-lin), n. [F.
tiHum, Per. /Imfin.] 1. A
fruit resembling the orange,
and containing acid pulp. , . ,, . .
8. Tree bearing lemons. lemming {MyofleM lemmuf).
*i«Droa-ad«' (-idO, n. [F. limonade.^ Drink con-
■iating of lemon juice mixed with water an<l sweetened.
Lt%]ir (IS'mQr), n. [L., a ghost, specter.] A noc-
turnal mammal allied to the monkeys, mostly native of
Madagascar and the neighboring islands.
ImL ()8nd), r. t. [imp. & p. p. Lent (ISnt) ; p. pr,
A vb. n. Lbhdiso.] [AS. ISnnn^ fr. IMn loan.] 1. To
allow the use of, on condition of the return of the same
or of an equivalent in kind ; — opp. to borrow. 2. To
afford ; to grant. 3. To let for hire. — Lend'or, n.
LtBgth (ISugth), n. [AS. lengfr, fr. lung, long, lone.]
1. The longest, or longer, dimension of aiiv object, dis-
ting. fr. breadth or width. 2. A portion of space or of
time ; duration. 3. Detail or amplification.
Iiengtll'Ml (-*n), r. /. & i. To extend in length.
Iiengtll'ways' (-wSzO, ) adr. in the direction of the
iMlStlt'lVlS*' (-wizOt I length.
Iiangtll^ (-V), a. Having length ; too long ; prolix.
Lt'Bl-eilt (le'nT-^t or len'v^nt), a. [L. Im tent, -enfit,
tpr. of lenire to soften, fr. Irnit soft, mild.] 1. Relax-
g; aasnasive. 2. Mild: merciful. —^n. A lenitive. —
Lc^m-oit-ly, adv. — Le^nl-enoe, Le'ni-en-oy, n.
lMl1-tlT» (18nrr-tTv), a. [F. iSnUif,'] Softening or
mitigating ; assuasive ; emollient. — n. 1. (a) A medichie
or application that eases pain or protects from irriUints.
(6) A mild purgative ; laxative. 2. A palliative.
Lenl-ty <-ty), n. [L. lenttat, fr. lenit.] The being
lenient ; — opponed to teverity and rigor.
Sjn. — Oentlenesa ; softness ; clemency ; mercy.
Lois (ISni), n. [L., a lentil, — a double convex lent
being shaped like a seed of a lentil.] A piece of glass,
ground with two opposite regular surfaces, either both
curved, or one curved and one plane, and used in optical
instruments, to change the direction of rays of light, and
modify vision.
fi!&^ Of spherical lenses, there are liz varietiea, as ihown
in section In the ,^^ ^. . ^^ ^ ^ ^ ,
figures: viz., a
plano-concave ; b
double-concave:
c plano-convex ; a
double-convex ; e
converging con-
; cavo-convex, or
.converging me- . .
niscus ; / diver- <* * c a
ging concavo-con- lenses. ^
vex, or diverging meniacoa.
Mnt (ISut), imp. & p. p. of Lhwd.
Iient* n. lAS. lengten.] A f ast of 40 daya, from Aah
Wednesday till Easter, commemorating our 8avior*a fast
Lant'Ml (Wnf'n), a. 1. Pertaining to Lent ; uaed in,
or suitable to. Lent. 2. Spare ; meager ; somber.
iMl-tlo^-lar (16n-tTk'tt-l2r), a. Like a lentU or a
double-convex lens.
Lan'til (-tTl), n. [F. lentille, fr. L. lentieula, dim. of
tent, lent it, lentil.] A small leguminous plant, common
in the fields in Europe. Also, its seed, used for food.
II L'Mi'Tor, or L'en'Toy' (Ito'vwa'), «• [F. /« the 4-
envoi a sending. See Envoy.] 1. Detached veriMi at the
end of a literary composition, to convey the moral, or ad-
dress the poem to a particular person. 2. A conclusion.
Ld'O-llllie (le^-niu), a. [L. leoninut, fr. leo, leonit,
lion.] Pertaining to, or like, the lion.
Loop'ard (ISp^rd), n. [Or. Aeoirap3of ; \4u¥ lion +
irap5o« pard.l A large, spotted, carnivorous mammal of
Southern Asfa and Africa.
Lep'er (ISp^r), n. [L. lepra. Or. A^po, leprosy, fr.
Atfirof scale, K4irtw to peel.] One affected with leproqr.
IlLep'l'dOO'tO-ra ('X-ubi't^-ih),n.pl. [NL., Ir. Or.
Aeirtf, -iBjif aoale -f- ^rnp6v leather, wnig.] An order of
insects, inclu<t.ng butteruies aud n.oths. The larve are
called CfiterpUlart. — Lep'l-dOp'ter-OIIB (-tSr-lb), a.
Ltp'O-rllM (Kp'^-rin or -rTii), a. [L. leporittutt fr.
leput, leporit, hare^ Like, or pert, to, a hare.
Iiep'tO-sy (-r6-aj0t f>* A slightly contagioua dlaeaae,
characterized by nodules or brownish spots, and fre-
Suently by destructive ulceration. The leprosy of the
few Testament was a different, scaly disease. — Ltp'-
rom (-rQs), a. — Lei.'roiis-nMS, n.
Ler-lM'ail (iSr-nS'au), n. Kind of parasitic crustacean.
Le'aton (IS'zhnn), n. [F. ; L. laetio, it. laedere, lae»
sum, to hurt, injure.] A hurt ; injury ; morbid change.
L(MS(168),a. [AS. /i^M^.] Suialler; inferior. — o(fr.
[AS. lZt.\ Not BO much. — n. 1. A smaller portion or
quantity. 2. The inferior, younger, or amaller.
Les-see' (UU-sS'), n. [F. lai*ti, p. p. of laitter. See
Lbasi.] One tn whom a lease is given.
Lass'on (16H''n), r. /. & i. To reduce ; to diminish.
Syn. — To abate ; decrease : lower ; weaken ; degrade.
Lass'er, a. Less ; smaller : inferior.
' LM'IOIl(lS'Vn), n. [F. /<>fon lesson, reading, fr. L.
lertio a reading, f r. fegere to read, collect.] 1. Anything
I rand or recited to a teacher b^ a learner ; Bom<«thing sa-
Aigned to be learned at one time. 2. Instruction ; pre-
, cept. 3. A portion of Scripture read in divine service.
I 4. A rebuke ; warning. *— r. /. To teach ; to instruct.
fgm, recent, 6rb, r^de, fyll, Ikm, food, f<jbt, out, oil, chair, go, aing, iQk, ttten, tl|in.
LESSOR
328
LEXICOGRAPHER
1 (1«M)« eonj. [AS. iff IMm Si the less that, where
S^ \m the inntrumentM cute of the definite article, and Si
Li an indeclinable relative particle, that^ who, vAt'c/i.] For
fear that ; that . . . not ; in order that . . . not.
Ltt (18t), V. i. [AS. Mian to deUy, to hinder, f r. Imt
■low. See Latb.] To retard ; to hinder ; to oppoee. ^
n, A retarding ; obstacle ; impediment ; delay.
Ltt, V. t. limp. Ap.p.hrt (Lrtbd (Uf tSd), Obt.) ;
p^pr. A vb. n. Lsnixo.] [AS. Imtan (paat tense let, p. p.
imim) ; akin to O. Iwtten, L. loMius weary.] 1. To per-
mit ; to allow ; to suffer. 2. To leaae ; to rent ; to hire
out. ^v. i. To be let or leased.
L«tOk (Kch), V. & n. Leach.
Le'tlui (IS'thal), a. [L. lethalis, fr. letkttm
Deadly ; mortal ; fataL
UnDfU-XJ {\9tWi>T-if), n. [L. Uthargia, Or. Xitdap-
yto, fr. A^ftpyoc forgetful, fr. Ai}^ forgetfulness.] 1.
Morbid drowsiness ; profound sleep, from which one can
scarcely be awaked. 2. A state of inaction or indiffer-
ence. -Lt-thar'glO (It-thiii'JTk). -glo-al (-jl-kal), a.
h^tb» {Wtht), n. [L., fr. Or. Ai}^.] 1. The fabled
rirer of Hades whose waters when drunk caused forget-
fulness. 2. Oblivion. — Le-tlM'ail (ll-thS'an), a.
Lt-tlllfer-OQS (-thTf^r-Cb), a. [L. lethi/er, fr. Mhum
death H- /erre to bring.1 D^Iy ; bringing destruction.
Ltttor (ISf tSr), n. tl*^. /cf to permit.] OnewholeU
or permits ; one who lets anjrthing for hire.
Lefttr, n. TFr. lei to hinder.] One wh
Ltt'tor, n. [OE. A F. Mire, fr. L. liUera, litera, a
letter ; pi., an epistle, writing, literature.] 1. A mark
representing a sound ; a first element of written lunguage.
2. A message expreiwed in intelligible characters; am
epistle. 3. Verbal expression ; literal meaning ; exact
quirement. 4. A siiwle printing type ; ty^ie, collect
. . Uype.^. pl.-
a man of letterg. ^ v. t. To mark with letters or words.
requin
Wely;
style of type. 6. pi. Learning ; erudition ; as,
LstOared (-tSrd), a. l. Literate; educated. 2. Per-
taining to learning or literature ; learned. 3. Inscribed
with letters. [letters made. I
Lttttr-lnc, n. 1. A marking with letters. 2. The|
IMIU-mmf (-pr6» ), n. Print ; — used of reading
matter in distinction from illustrations.
LetOnoe (ISt'tTs), n, [L. lactvca, fr. lae, laetis, milk.]
A composite plant, whose leaves are used as salad.
hfhnnt (IS'vant), a. [F., p. pr. of lever to raise.]
Rising or having risen from rest.
Lt-TUIt' (l^vSnf), n. [It. levanle pobit where the
■nn rises, the east, the Levant, from levnre to raise.]
1. Tlie countries of the eastern part of the Mediterranean.
2. A levanter (wind so called). — r. i. To run away from
one*s debts ; to decamp. [Colloq. Eng."]
Lt-T'^nt'er, n. l. rFr. levant, v.] One who levants,
or decamps. iColloq.Eng.'\ 2. [Fr. w<?n<,n.] A strong
easterly wind peculiar to the Mediterranean.
Iit-TOItllie (It-vSntTn or USv'aut-lu}, a. Pertaining
to the Levant. —n. 1. An inhabitant of the Levant. 2.
A stout twilled silk fabric, formerly made in the Levant.
Ler'M (18v^ ; often Wv-^ in U. 8.), n. [F. lever, fr.
lever to raise, se lever to rise.] 1. A rising. 2. A morn-
ing reception of visitors ; a mating.
LST'M, n. [F. lerSe, It. lever to rai^.] Embank-
ment to prevent inundation ; steep bank of a river. —
V. t. To k<»ep (a river) within a channel by levees. [ V. 5.]
Ler'el (I8v'51), n. [OE. & OF. Hvel, fr. L. libetln dim.
of lihra pound, balance, water poise, level.] 1. Line or
surface everywhere parallel to the surface of still water.
2. Horizontal line or plane, parallel to the horizon. 3. A
certain position, rank, character, etc. 4. A uniform or
average height. 6. («) Instrument to find a horizontsl
line. (6) A measuring the difference of altitude of two
points, hy a lev^l. 6. Horizontal p%ssaire in a mine. —
o. 1. Even ; flat ; having the curvature of th« hndls-
turbed liquid parts of the earth's surface. 2. Horizon-
^
jatathirii a i '
loint called F I ^
of a lever ; ^a^amm^i^^mmi^^m^^^my
tsL 9. Eren with anything else; on the same Unt or
plans. 4. Straightf (wward ; clear. 6. Of evon tooe;
without rising or falling inflection. — r. I. «& *. \imp. &
D. p. Lbvslbd (-^Id) or Lbvsllkd; d. vr. & vt. n.
LBVSLIHO or LavBLLUfo.] 1. To make level, flat, or
even. 2. To bring to a lower level ; to overthrow.
3. To bring (a gun) to a horizontal position ; to aim.
4. To bring to a common level in respect of rank, con-
dition, etc. 6. To adjust or adapt to a certain leveL —
IitT'Ol-«r, R. [Written also lereller.l— LcT'tl-aMB, n.
h&W'9lL-inf, n. [Written also lerelling.] 1. A muk-
ing level. 2. The using a surveyor*b leveling Instromeut
for finding a horizontal line, establishing grades, etc.
Le'Ttr (IB'vgr or Kvir), n. [OF. leveor, prop., a lift-
er, fr. F. lever to raise, L. levare.] One of -^i...,^^^
the mechanical powers, being a bar nsed to ^
exert pressure, or sustain weight, at one
point of its length, by receivii^ a force or
power at a second,
and turning at a third
on a fixed point c
tk/ulcnim.
Ler'cr-aff*
H. Action Of a 1
mechanical gain by F
the lever. Lrvcrs.
LeV«r-«t (Wv'gr-
8t), n. [F. lerraut, dim- of lihre hare, L.
leputA A hare in the first year of its age.
LtT^-a-blo (-T-A.b'1). <T. Fit to be levied ; assessable.
Lt-Tl'a-tlUUI (l«-vi'&-tbaii), n. [Heb. lhyhthin.\
1. An aquatic animal, described in the book ol Job, ch.
xli. 2. The whale.
latT^gate (18vT-git), r. t. [L. levigare, -gatum, fr.
IfHs smooth.] To smoot h ; to free from grit ; to reduce
to powder or paste ; to mix thoroughly (Uquids or semi-
liquids). — LeTi-gatlon, n.
Uthrt!^ (le'vit), R. [Or. Atvtr^, fr. Heb. Levi, a son
of Jacob.] 1. One of the tribe of Levi ; one subonlinate
to the priests (of the same tribe) and employed in duties
and services of the temple. 2. A priest.
Le-Tttl0-«1 (It-vTtT-kal), a. 1. Pert, to the LeTttes.
2. Priestly. 3. Pert, to the Uw in LeviUcns.
Lt-TM^-CIUl (-T-ktts), n. The third book of the Old
Testament, containing the body of the ceremonial law.
Leri-ty (18v^-ty), n. [L. lerita*, fr. leHt Ught in
weight] 1. The weighing less than something else of
equal bulk ; buoyancy ; — opp. to gravity. 2. Lack of
gravity and eameetneas. 3. Lack of steadiness.
Syn. — LBvmr : VoLA-nLrrr ; FuoimxBgs ; inconstan-
cy; thoughtlessness ; unsteadiness; incomideration. —
Levity springs from a lightness of mind wlilch produces
a disr^Eard of proprieties of time and place. Voiatility
is a degree of levity which causes the thoughts to fly
from one obiect to another, without resting on any for a
moment. Flightinesx is volatility carried to an extreme
which iMids to grotis impropriety or weakness.
lMW*J (-J), n. [F. levie, fr. lever to raise.] 1. A
levying or collecting by authority (troops, taxes, etc.).
2. That which is lerled, as an army, force, tribute, eto.
3. Legal seizure of property on executions.— r. f. To
raise or collect by assessment ; to seize on execution.
LtWd (lud), a. [OE., Hy, ignorant. Tile, AS. IBwed
belonging to the laity.] 1. Given to indulgence of lust ;
dissolute. 2. Suitinp, or proceeding from, unlawful
sexual dedre. — Ltwdlv, f^dv. — Lewfl'lieiB, n.
Syn. — Li'»«»ntious; dissolute; lascivious; debauched.
LewtS (lu't!^), i n. An iron tenon, made in eec-
Lewll-flOII (-slin), t tions, which can be fitted into
a dovetiil mortise ; - used in hoisting larfre stmies, etc
Lexlo-al (18ksa-kal), a. Pert, to a lexicon, to lexi-
cograrhVt or words.
Lexi-OOC^a-|A0r (-T-c5{r'rA.'?r), n. [Or. Ac^urovpi-
«$o<; Ae^iicor dirtlonsry -f- ypo^cti' to write.] Compiler
of a lexicon or dictionary.
a, 5, 1, 3, <:, long ; ii, «, 1, 6, tt, f, short ; senUte, «vent, tdea, ftbey, Qnlte, cAre, llrm, Ask, jUl, flnoL
LEXICOGRAPHY
329
LICK
LartOQf'km-piiy (incs'T-kSg'ri-f]^), n. The making a
lexicon or dictionary ; method of waking dictionariea. —
Ziez'1-co-gniplilo (-kd-grfifTk) Xez'1-co-gn^'UHil, a.
Lwl-«A'0-S7 (-k6l'«-j^), n. [Or. Aef«6v -j- -iogy.]
Science of the deriration and idgnificatiou ot words.
hnfUmm (-kSn), n. [Gr. Acfucov (sc. /Si/SAibf), fr.
Xi(it speech, word, phraae, f r. Acyciv to speak. ] A vocab-
ulary containing an alphabetical arrangement of worda
in a language, with the definition of each ; dictionary.
LCT'den \BI' (li'd'n jlLr'). ) A glass jar uaed to accu-
Ii«rdMl ^'al (n'al). I mulate electricity ; — in-
Tented in Leyden^ Holland.
LKa-Hai-ty (U'A-bTlT.tj^), n. 1. The being lUble. 2.
Debt ; in d/., sum of one's obligaUona ; — opp. to cuxeU.
LFa-Ut (-bU), a. [Fr. F. /ttfrtobind,L./tVa'«.] 1.
Bound in law or equity ; responsible. SL Exposed to a
oertafai contingency or casualty. — U'a-Vle-IMM. n.
Sjn. — Liablb; Subjkt; accountable: responsible;
bound ; obnoxious ; exposed. — Liable refers to a future
happening which may not actually occur. Subject refers
to tbe circumstances of the person or thing spoken of,
or to that which often befalls one. t
[1 LI'al^MII' (lI't'zfiH')* »• [Pm 'r- L. ligart to bind.]
A union ; illicit intimacy between a man and woman.
Lt'AT (li'Sr), n. One who knowingly utters falsehood.
U-lHltlon (It-bi'(ihnn),n. [L. libatio, fr. lUtare to taste,
to pour out aa an offering.] A pouring a liquid, usually
wine, in honor of some deity ; wine thus poured out.
UOmI (lin>61), n. [L. libelhu litUe book, libel, dim.
of liber inner bark of a tree ; also (because the ancients
wrote on this bark), paper, parchment, book or treatise.]
1. A defamatory writing ; lampoon. 2. A written decla-
ration by the plaintiir of his cause of action, and of the
relief he seeks. — r. /. [imp. & p. p. T.fitKT.Kn (-bfild)
or LfBBLLBD; p, pr. & rb. n. Libbuko or Libbllimo.]
1. To defame ; to lampoon. 2. To proceed against by
filing a libel, esp. against a ship or goods. — Linbel-tr, n.
— Unbel-OIIB (•&«), a. [Written also libellotu.]
UlMl-Ultn. One who libels. [WrittenaUo/tM/an/.l
II LllMT (H'bSr), n. [L. See Libkl.] Inner bark of
plants, containing woody, fibrous celli».
Ltb'ar-Al nTb^r-<iI), a. [L. liberalise fr. liber free.]
1. Free bv birth ; befitting a free man or gentleman ; re-
fined ; noble ; not servile or mean. 2. Bestowing in a
large and noble way ; open-handed. 3. Ample ; profuse.
4. Not strict or rigorous ; not restricted to the literal
sense ; free. 6. Not narrow in mhid ; catholic. 6. Free
to excess ; licentious. 7. Not bound by orthodox tenets
or established forms in political or religious philosophy ;
hadt'tM'nclfffit iti opiiiton ; not coasf'r^ ..'- " ' . ''i,.d to-
wwtA deutortmtiri, ss nUstJiiE. iv. w.>< risto-
eratlc, (onufu*— n, Ono wImp ra^nrn jt'ii^'ie] hi [<> litical
Sm> — LimixxL ; Gt:yK»or4 ; tNOiintifuL ; mi mil' r<»nt ;
b«oefl'ceDt: »ntpltf ; lutnf**; j^rofiiw. ; {re«, — tJf- 'ol is
/ww^borm,ht!tA ifrH^tT^n$ \^ h^ ihtiitr-H. Tilt* ffinnf-r s op-
pfMifA t*i the f^«Uu|EA or a sftfvil* utitp, auiI hi>T>]ii^^ larjce-
tn-*ii M spirit in irfvlU'g^. iii4)i;luev 4ii^T inc^ i»tr', Th. latter
#iprpii5^» til fit t9oyfri''}Mt flf ihiilJ, :ii>[iri!Tiri:tt# t^^ tuoae of
blffli niftb, 1/iMii'^h iicvlu the bAl^iPiiU'iut ui \.y\\htk.
LSVw-sI'lAttl i-1'*niU **^ LitMTUil prinr'Tplr*".
L&'Br all-ty ( in I* 1, J*, [l.. }ii^riim<i*.] l The
twifijf l(tj*rr4tl ; (tfte^lom frntu firciiitliri? ; ctMierobSU ; can-
did \ charit>\ 2- A fftft ; sntiifty.
till)'iiT-al l2« ( ITtyir-ia-U U f'^ /■ Tn nmk? liUmL
Lib^flf-^-ly. 'hU'. Ill a U^H'^nil uintmrT.
Llb'er-atV' i -it )* *•* ^ [L- Jihrr<t!f^ ^^ttum, Ui froe, fr.
/ifiw.] To reieairt frtm r(»ttra»it ; t" 'li^eniKiitir. JASb^-
•f^'tor {•^x'^t\ n. [L.] - Lib cr anion, n.
Syn. — To deliver ; free : Fp)easp. See l>ELiTe&.
Ub'ar-tilM (-tTn), n. [L. libertinut freedman. fr. li-
berlusoae made free, fr. liber.'] 1. A manumitted Roman
aUre ; a freedman. 2. One free from restraint ; one
who acts according to his impulM^s and gives rein to Inst.
— a. Dissolute ; profligate. — LllKer-tin-ism (-Tz*m), n.
LIb'ar-ty (lTy8r>ty), n. [F. liberU, fr. L. liberUu, it.
liber. 1 1. State of a free person ; exemption from sub-
jection to another^s will ; freedom ; — opp. to slarery or
subjection. 2. Freedom from imprisonment or restraint.
3. A privilege conferred by a superior power; permis-
sion granted. 4. Privilege ; franchise ; immunity. 6.
A license in violation of laws of propriety. 6. Power of
choice; freedom from necessity, compulsion,or constraint.
8yn. — LiBBBTT ; Fkbbdom; leave; permission; li-
cense. — Liberty refers to previous restraint ; freedom^ to
the unrepressed exercise of our powers
Ll-taldl-llOIUI (IT-bTdl-n&s), a. [L. libidinanu, fr.
libido lust, fr. libet it pleases.] Having lustful desires.
Syn. — Lewd ; lustful ; sensual ; licentious ; lascivious.
IjLllini (li'brA), n. [L., a balance.] The Balancor
the 7th aign in the sodiac.
Ll-toa'rl-ail (It-brS'rT-an), n. One in charge of a
library. — U-lna'rt-ail-alllp, n.
Ulva-ry (U'br4-rj^), n. [F. librairie book trade, libra-
ry, fr. libraire booueller, L. tibrariuSf fr. liber book.]
1. A collection of books kept for use, and not as merchan-
dise. 2. A place for holding such a collection of hooka.
Lilvate (-brSt), V. i. [L. librarCf -bratum^ to balance,
fr. libra.^ To vibrate as a balance does before resting in
equilibrium, ^v. t. To poise ; to balance.
Li-toaHim (It-brS'shbu), n. 1. A libratiuff. 2. A
real or apparent libratory motion of celestial bodies.
Lilmi-tO-ry (li'brA-ti-rj^), a. Balancing; moving like
a balance, as it tends to an equipoise or level.
Ll-lirettlSt (lT-br6t'tTst), n. One who makes a libretto.
U-bret'tO (-t«), n. [It., dim. of libra book, L. liber.'\
A book containing the words of an opera, etc.
Lloo (lis), n. / pi. of Louss.
Li'OMIM (li'Mns), n. [Written also licence.'^ [F. li-
cencty L. licentia^ fr. lieere to be permitted.] 1. Liberty
given to do or forbear any act. 2. Document granting
such permission. 8. Excess of liberty ; disregard of law
or propriety. — V. t. To authorize. — Li'cena-or, n.
Syn. — Leave ; liberty ; permisaion.
Li^oen-Me' (-sen-sS'), n. One having s license.
U-OMimmte (-sBn^shT-4t or
-sliU; 26), n. [LL. lieentiare^
-atum^ to allow, fr. L. Hoentia.'\ 1.
One licensed to exercise a profes-
sion. 2. Degree of a European
university intermediate between
those of bachelor and of doctor.
Ll-oentloiui (-shlis), a. 1.
Characterised by license; wan-
tonly offensive. 2. Unrestrained
by law or morality. — Ll-oeil'-
ttons-ly, adv. — U-OMi'tloas-
BM« n.
Svn. — Profligate ; lax ; looee ;
unchaste ; lascivious.
Ll'ohen (liOcSn), n. [L., f r. Or.
KeiXVV' 1 1. A cellular, flowerlesa
plant, having no distinction of
leaf and stem, usually of scaly,
expanded, frondlike form, nour-
ished from the air, and senerating
by spores. 2. A skin disease.
hUk (ITk), V. i. [AS- liccian.'l
1. To pass the tongue over. 2. To
lap ; to take in with the tongue. —
n. 1. A stroke of the tongue in ^
linking. 2. A quick application 01-
of something which acts like a
tongue ; small quantity of any
RiibHtance so applied. [C0//09.J
3. A place where salt is found on
tbe durface of the earth, to which
animals resort to lick it up. [ C-S.'}
Lick, V. t. [Gf. OSw. Idgga to place, to strike.]
Lichens.
1 Umea harhata ; 28
CIndomin jif/riilnta ;
4 Parmelia palUxenB,
All nst. ikize.
To
fSm, recent, 6rb, r^jde, fitU, Urn, food, fdbt, out, oil, chair, go, 8iji(g, igk, tlien, thin.
LICKERISH
330
UGHT
■triktt with repeated blows; to flog; to conqoer. — n. A
aUp. iCoUoq.}
Llelrar-llll (Uk'Sr-Tfth), n. [Cf. Lechksous.] 1.
Eager ; oraTing ; greedy. 2. Tempting the appetite ;
dainty. 3. Lecherooa; lustful.
1 -apYt't'l), 1
IJo'O-riM (-^-rTs), n. [0£. licorit, through Old French,
laioty. 3. L
tto (-spTt't'l), It. An abject parasite.
fr. Gr. yXvKvppi^a ; yAvKv« sweet + P*V« root.] [Written
also liquorice.] 1. A plant whose root abounds with a
sweet juice, used in demulcent compositions. 2. Inspis-
sated juice of licorice root.
Uo^or (ITk'tSr), n. [L.] An ancient Roman officer
who bore an ax and fauces or rods, as ensigns of his office.
lAA (ltd), n. [AS. A/uf, fr. hMan (in comp.) to cover,
shut.] 1. That which covers the opening of a vessel,
box, etc. ; movable. cover. 2. Cover of the eye ; eyelid.
Lto (II), n. [AS. It/ge.] A criminal falsehood ; in-
tentional violation of truth, —r. i. [imp. A p. p. L«d
(Ifd) ip.pr.A vb. n. Ltino (liTng).] [AS. Udgan.] To
utter udsehood with intention to deceive.
Sjn. — Ln; Urtbuth: falsehood; fiction; deception.
— A man may state what is untrue from ignorance or
misconception ; hence, to impute an untruth u> one is not
necessarily the some as charging him with a /i>>. Every /itf
is an untruth^ but not every untruth is a lie. See Falsitt.
U9, r. i. {imp. Lay (IS) ; p. p. Laik (Ian) \ p. pr. &
vb. n. Ltdto.] [AS. licgan; akin to O. liegen to lie
down, L. leetm, Gr. A«'x<k bed, X^$ao€ai to lie.] 1. To
rest extended on anv support ; to be stretched out. 2.
To be rituated. 3. To abide ; to be in a certain condition.
4. To be or exist ; to consist ; — with in. 6. To lodge ;
to sleep. 6. To be still or (|uiet, like one lying down to
rest. 7. To be legally sustainable.
KE^ Through ignorance or careleaaneaa speakers and
writers often confuse the forms of the two distinct verlw
lay and lie. Lay is a transitive verb, and has for its pret-
erit laid. Lie is intransitive, and has for iU preterit lay.
— n. Podtion in which anything lies; the lay, as of
land or cotwtry.
Ltot (18f), adv. [AS. If6/; akin to D. lief, G. lieb,
and E. lore.] Gladlv ; wiUingly ; freely.
Uage (lei), a. [OE. Uge.} 1. Sovereign ; independ-
ent ; having right to allegiance. 2. Serving an inde-
pendent sovereign or master ; bound by a feudal tenure ;
faithful ; loyal. — n. 1. Lord paramount ; sovereign. 2.
Subject of a sovereign or lord ; a liegeman.
laleMfDUUBi n. A vassal ; subject.
Uen (ISn or li'Sn), n. [F., band, bond, tie, fr. L.
ligament fr. ligare to bind.] A legal chUm; charge
upon property for the satisfaction of some debt or duty.
T.iit '1«^ « rv tr T. //w*«f« nlA^H> 1 Pla4«A ; mnm :
Stead
Lira. , ^ ,
holding, p. pr. of tenir to hold, L. tenere.] 1. An officer
supplying the place of an absent superior. 2. (a) A com-
missioned officer in the army, next below a captain, (b)
A commissioned officer in the navy, below a commander.
— Llen-ten'an-oy. Uea-ten^ant-slilp, n.
LltTe (ISv), a. Lief.
IMb (lif ), n.; pi. Uvm (livi). [AS. tif; akin to G. leib
boily, Icel. H/, life, body, and E. live, v.] 1. Existence ;
time during which this state continues : state of an animal
or T»lant in which its organs can perform their functions.
2. Union of man^s soul and body ; duration of their union.
3. Vital force, physical or spiritual. 4. Animating prin-
ciple, or period of duration, of anything resembling a
natural orgMiisro. 6. Manner of living ; human affntrs.
6. Animation ; vivacity ; energy. 7. That which imparts
spirit or vigor ; that upon which success depends. 8- A
person ; living being. 9. Tlie system of animal nature ;
animals, collectively. 10. History of a life ; biography.
11. Spiritual existence ; happiness in the favor of God ;
heavenly felicity.
Llfb estate, an estate held during the term of some c<>r-
tain person's life, but not passing by inheritance. — Ufa
i property xor me savisiaonon oi amuc aeuv ur uuty.
ea (lu), n. [F., fr. L. loewt place.l PUce ; room ;
1 ; — used only in phrase in lieu of, that i«, instead of.
•a-ten'ftllt (lft-t«n'ont), n. [F., fr. lieu 4- tenant
, an faMorlng agaiiMt death ; a contract by which
the insurer underti^ea, <m payment of a premiunu to par
a stipulated sum in the event of the death of the mraied
or of a tldrd person in whose life the insured has an In-
terest. — LUs tntarsat, an interest lastii^ durinc[ ooe^a life,
or the life of another, but not passing by inhentanoe.
LtteOdOOd' (lifbllidO, ». 1- Blood necessary to life.
2. That which gives atroigth and energy.
UfolMMr (-bSf ), ft. A strong, buoyant boat for lav-
ing the lives of shipwrecked people.
IJIe/lMM, a. Destitute of life ; dead, or apparently
dead ; dull. — UfelMS-ly, adv. — Ufe'leM-lieM, m.
Sjn. — Lmtns; Dmx: iHAxniATS; Dead ; soulleaa;
torpid ; inert : inactive ; heavy ; unanimated : spixitlesB:
frigid : pointless; vapid: flat; tasteless. - In a moral
sense, l\feles* denotes want of vitcl energy ; inanimatr,
want of expression as to any feeling that .may be pos-
sessed ; dull implies torpor of soul which cliecks mental
activity ; dead supposes destitution of feeling.
JAhhXki^ (-likO, o. Like a living being; reaambling
life ; giving an accurate representation.
Llfe'-pira-Mnr'er (-prI-zirv'Sr), a. An apparatus for
saving one from drowning by buoying up the Dody.
Lllttlmt' (-tlm^), n. Time that life continnea.
Lift (lift), r. /. tl<^l- fttPffft ^r. lopt air ; G. t^ften ;
— prop. , to raise into the air.] 1. To raise ; to bring up
from a lower pUce to a higher ; to upheave. 2. To raise,
or improve, in rank, condition, character, etc. 3. [Perh.
a different word, akin to Goth. Mi/an to stesl, L. depere.}
To steal ; to carry off by theft. —r. t. 1. To try tojvise
somethhig. 2. To rise. -> n. 1. A Uf ting ; that which u
lifted. 2. Space or distance through which anything is
lifted. 3. Help; assistance. [C0//09.I 4. That by which
a person or thmg lifts or Is lifted ; hofotiug machine ; ele-
vator ; dumb waiter ; handle. — liltf cr, n.
Idg'a-ment (llg'^-mwit), «. [L. Ugamentutn^ fr. li-
pr?r« to bind.1 1. Anything that unites one thing or part
to another; bandage; bond. 2. {a) A tongh band of
dense fibrous connective tissue or fibrocartilage aerring
to unite bones or form joints. (6) A band of connect-
ive tissue, or a membranous fold, which retains a bodily
organ in pUce. — lAg'tL-mtfOfUiy U^'Z-mOLnrnM^ a.
Itl-fa'wm (lt-g£'shfin), n. [L. ligatiOy fr. lignre.} 1.
A binding, or being bound. 2. That which binds ; bond.
Uc^a-tnre (ITg^i-tttr ; 40), n. [L. b'gatura, fr. /t>sfv,
ligatum.} 1. A binding. 2. A band or bandage. 3. (a).
A thread for t>'ing blood vessels, etp. arteries, to prevent
hemorrhage. (6) A thread or wire used to remove tumors,
etc. 4. A being bound ; stiffness. — r. t. To tie.
Light (lit), n. [AS. ledht ; akin to D. A G. liehL, L. Hx
light, lucere to shfaie, Gr. A«v(c6f white.] 1. That
agent or force in nature by which we see. 2. That
which fiimishea light, as the mm, a rtar,
candle, lighthouse,
etc. 3. ^me dur-
ing which the light
of the sun is visi-
ble; day. 4. Medi-
um through which
light is admitted ;
window; skylight.
6. Life ; existence. Solar Rsy of Light, separsted by s I
e.Open'viewjpub- *"f?'**T'° ^T^^SlT ^
liHtv 7 That « Incident Rsy of Light ; w Pn«n 1 of
S iii.^i««- tJt SlM^tnun ; r Violet : 1 Indfeo i 6 Bine!
which illumines to p»o^„ , ^ Yellow . o Orsng* j r B»d.
the mind; enlight-
enment; knowledge. 8. Point of view. 9. Oneconspicn-
ous or noteworthy ; a model or example. 10. A firework
which bums briUiantly. — «. 1. Havfaig light ; not dark
or obscure ; clear. 2. White or whitiah ; not intenre ;
moderately colored. — r. /. 1. To set fire to ; to Undl^.
2. To illuminate ; to fill with light. 3. To conduct, «■•
show the way, by a light. — r. i. 1. To take fire. 9. 1
be illuminated ; t« brighten ; — with vp.
Llj^t, a. [AS. flA/, le6hi ; akin to G. Meht.] 1. T
a, e, 1, 5, 0, long ; ft, «, I, ft, «, fy short ; sanftte, «vent, tdea, ftbey, Onite, cAre, lirm, Ask, (|U, final.
LIGHT
331
LIME
inf litUe w«Ifl^ ; notbeaTv. 2. Notbordeniome; eaay |
toM lifted or carried. 9. Easy to be performed ; uot
dlAeolt. 4. Easy to be digested; containing little nutri-
iMDt. 6. Not heavily armed. 6. Not encumbered ;
nimble; swift. 7. Not heavily laden; not sufBcieutiy
ballasted. 8. SUcht ; not important. 9. Well leavened ;
not heavy. 10. Not copious or dense. 11. Not strons
or vl<dent ; moderate. 12. Not pressing heavilv or hard
; delicate. 13. Inconsiderate ; easily influenced ;
r ; f rivolooa. 14. Nor quite souiid or normal ; some-
leianged ; giddy. 16. Wanton ; unchaste. 16. Not
of the legiu, standaidf or usual weicht. 17. Loose ;
aandy; easily pulverised. ^ adv. Lightly ; cheaply.
Ugbt (lit), V. i. [AB. Ohian to alight, orig., to reUeve
fa horse) cf the riders burden, fr. lihi not heavy.] 1. To
dismount ; to descend, as from a horse or carriage ; to
•Ught. 2^ To desoena from flight, and rest, ss a bird
or insect. 3. To come down suddenly ; to fall ; — with
on or upon, 4. To hi^ppen ; — with on or upon.
Ugllt'aa (Uf^u), V. L To descend ; to light.
Ughfan. v.t 1. To burst forth or dart, as lightning ;
feo fla^ 2. To grow lighter ; to dear, as the sky. —
v.L 1. To make clear; to illuminate. 2. To enlighten.
Ugkf en, r. /. 1. To make lighter, or less heavy ; to
raliere of part of a load. 2. To alleviate. 3. To cheer.
ligbfar (Ut^r), n. One that Ughto (lamps, etc. ).
UgkTar, n. [D. ligter, fr. ligt light.] Large barge,
for unloading or loading vessels which can not reach the
wharves. — v. t. To convey by a lighter.
Ufllf-tlll'CMrsd (Uf fTn'gerd), a. Dexterous in tak-
ing and conveying away ; thievish; pilfering.
Ugfef-fOOr (-fd6f ), \ a. Having a Ught, springy
Ugllf-iOOt'ad, ( step ; nimble ; active.
Ugkf-hMld'ed(-bed'«d),a. 1. Disordered in the head;
diuy ; delirious. 2. Thoughtless ; heedless ; flckle.
li^r-lMtrt^td (-hKrt^), a. Free from grief or
aaxietv ; gay ; cheerful ; mernr.
UgntlMRUM' (-hoity), n. A tower with a powerful
U|riit at top, to guide mariners at night ; beacon.
lAMfijtOdv, 1. With Uttie weight or force. 2. Swift-
ly Tnunbly. 3. Without deep impression. 4. Slightly;
not severely. 6. With Uttle effort ; readUy. 6. With-
out good reason. 7. Without dejection ; cheerfully. 8.
Without heed or care ; gayly. 9. Not chastely ; wantonly.
Ltfkf-lllllld'td (-mind'Sd), a. Unsettled ; unsteady.
UJtX'mUMt n. The beinff light or not heavy ; buoy-
ancy ; levity ; nimbleness : delicacy ; grace.
Syn.- Vohitility ; instability ; agility ; ease ; fadUty.
UghtflMU. n. 1. Illumination, or degree of illuini-
natioii. 2. Absence of depth or of duskiness in color.
Uldtt'Ublg (-nTng), n. [For lightening^ fr. lighten to
flaahTI A dischaim of atmospheric electridty, accom-
panied by a vivid flash of light.
If b«f , a luminous beetle ; firefly. — Ughtdag
, IJghtnlng red, a metallic rod set up on a build-
ing or mast of a vessel, and connected with the earth or
water bdow, to prevent danuge from lightning.
Ughti (nu), n. p/. [Fr. their /<^A/ne««.] Lunga.
Ugkt'MIIM (Ut^m), a. 1. Having light ; lighted ;
brteht. 2. Oay : cheering.
Ul^fWOOd' (-wMd'), n. Pfaie wood aboundfaig hi
pitch, need for torches, or for kindling a Are quickly.
"* ' ;fnft-lis), a, " "■
(ITgfnft-iis), a. [L. lignetu^ fr. lignum
i of wood ; like wood : woody. [wood. I
■(•nT-fOrm),a. [h.lignHm -^ -/ormJ\ Like
UmMT (-f^» ". t. & i. [L. lignum + -fy.] To
change into wood or a ligneous substance.
Idf IbIb (-nTn), n. [L. lignum-l A substance charao-
terizGig wood cells in plantA.
Ug'Utt (-nit), n. [L. lianum.'] Mineral coal retain-
ing the texture of the wood froM which it was formed ;
brown coal ; wood coaL — Ug^-nltlO (-nTtOTk), a.
Uf'JMM' (ITg'nSs'), n. 1. Ugnin. 2. An explodve
oompoond of wood fiber and nitroglycerin.
n Ugfmua-Wtm (ITg^ufim-vi'tS), n. [L., wood of
life.] A tree of tropical America, yielding the guaicuium
of medidne, and havins very hard and heavy wood, used
for the wheels of ships* blocks, cogs, bearings, etc.
I4k« (lik), a. [AS. gelic^ fr. pref. pe- -f- ^ body,
orig. meaning, having the same body or appearance.]
1. Resemblh^ ; similar to ; aUke. 2. Boual, or nearly
equal,
ward
3. Having probabili^; llkdy. 4. Inclhied to-
disposed to. — n. 1. That which is eqiwl or sim-
ilar to another ; counterpart ; oony. 2. A liking ; prefer-
ence ; — usually in pi, ^ adv. 1. In a manner like that
Likdy; probably. ^ v. t.
] To be pleased with ; to
1. Tobe pleased ; tochoose.
of; in similar nuumer.
[AS. tieian, getteian^ fr. <
approve ; to enjoy. ^ v. '
2. To escape narrowly. iiyOitoq.i
Ulwly, a. [That is. tike4ike.] 1. Worthy of beUef ;
probable ; credible. 2. Having or giving reason to ex-
pect ; — followed bv the faifinitive. 3. Such as suits ;
good-looking ; pleasmg ; agreeable. 4. Well adapted to
the place; promising. ^ a<f p. In all probabili^; prob-
ably. — Ulnai-iMai, LikeOl-liood, n.
Uk'MI (lik^'n), r. t. To think to be like ; to compare.
Uko'llflM, n. [AS. gencnei.'\ 1. The being like ; re-
semblance. 2. Appearance; guise. 3. Portrait.
Syn. — Similarity ; parallel ; similitude ; portrait.
Llfct'wlM' (•wis'), adv. & conj. In like manner;
also ; moreover ; too. Bee Alio.
JJkfiMkg (UkTng), n. The being pleased with some
thing or person ; Laclinatiou ; pleasure ; preference.
UlM (Unak), n. [Sp. ; fr. Per. Olaf, nUc^, nU, the
indigo plant, tUak bluish.] 1. A fragrant flowering
shnib of Europe and Asia. 2. A light purplish color.
Lll'l-A'OMIUI (m'T-5'shfis), a. [L. liliaeeug.} Pert,
to a natural order including the lily, tulip, and hyacinth.
Lll'tod (-Td), a. Covered with, or having many, lilies.
Ul/lt-pQ/tlaii (-IT-pu'shan), n. 1. One of a dimUiu-
tive race, described in Swift's *' Voyage to Lilliput" 2.
A person or thing of very small sise.^o. Diminutive.
Lnt (int), V. i. [Cf. Norw. lilla, lirla, to sing in a
hiffh tone.] To sing cheerfuUy. ^v. t. To utter with
spmt or gayety. ^n. 1. Brisk motion ; spirited rhythm ;
sprightliness. 2. A lively song, tune, or dance.
iS'y (1117), «• [AS. Wie, L. lilium, Gr. Aei'pioi'.]
An endogenous bulbous plant or its flower.
LU^-^rtrad (-lYv/8rd), a. White-livered ; cowardly.
Ltmb (ITm), n. [AS. /fm.] 1. A part of a tree extend-
ing from the trunk and separating into branches aiid
turigs ; a large branch. 2. Arm or leg of a man ; arm,
leg. or wing of an animal, ^v. i. To dismember.
]jllll!b, n. [L. /tm6tM border.] A border or edge, (a)
In plants, the upper spreadii^ part of a monopetalous
corolla, or of a petal, or sepal ; blade, (b) Edge of the
disk of a heavenly body, (c) Oraduated margin of an
arc or circle, in an instrument for measuring angles.
UmlMr ( ITmOiSr), n. [For limmer, Icel. limar boughs ;
akin to E. limb branch.] Detachable fore part of a gun
carriage, having two wheels, and to which the horses are
attached. — r. i. To attach (a gim) to the limber.
LlmlMr, n. [Akin to limp, a.] Easilv bent ; yielding.
•- V. t. To make flexible or pliant. — LunlMr-nMS, n.
UmlM (ITmH)^), ) n. [L. limbu* border, edge.] 1.
UmnMU (-blis), I Region where souls were supposed
to awdt the judgment. 2. A prison.
Ume (Um), n. [Formerly line.'\ The linden tree.
Ume. n. [F. ; of Persian origin. See LmoM.] A
fruit aUied to the lemon ; the tree which bears it.
Liill0,n. [AS./im.] 1. Birdlime. 2. Oxide of calcium;
the white or frray caustic substance {quicklime) obtained
bv calcining limestone or shells, — an essential ingredient
of cement, plastering, mortar, etc., and the principal con-
stituent of limestone, marble, chalk, bones, shells, etc. —
V. t. 1. To smear with a viscous substance, as birdlime.
2. To entangle ; to insnare. 3. To treat with oxide or
hydrate of calcium ; to manure with lime. 4. To cement.
fSm, recent, 6rb, r^de, fyll, Hm, food, fdbt, out, oil, eliair, so, sln(g, ink, tben, tliln.
LIMEKILN
332
LINOLEUM
Ltmeldlll' (llmOcTlO, n. A kiln or fnmace in which
limentoue or abells are burned aud reduced to lime.
USM'StOlM^ (-atSn^), n, A rock con«i8tiug chiefly of
dUcium carbonaite. GrvetaUine limeatone it marble.
LlOM^a'tor (-wf^UTr), n. Water impregnated with
lime ; artificial solution of lime for medicinal use.
B U-mlf/O-Ui (It-mTk^-lS), n. pi. [L. Hmicola a
dweller in the mud ; limtu -(- eolere to dwell.] A group
of flhortf birds, embracing plovers, sandpipers, snipe, etc
Limit (ITmTt), n. [L. litnes, UmilU.} 1. That
which torndnates or confines ; utmost extent. 2. That
which terminates a period of time ; the period itself ; full
time or extent. 3. A restriction ; check ; hindrance.
S711. — Boundary ; border ; edse ; restriction ; confine,
^v. t. [L. Umiiare^ fr. Umet^ ftmitis^ limit ; prob. akin
to linusn thresh<dd.] To set a liipit for; to terminate.
— Umlt-a-blo, a. —Uml-ta-iy (-T-tt-rj^), a. a n.
Um'l-ta'tlOII, n. 1. A limiting or being limited. 2.
That which limite : qualification. 3. Time within which
something is to be done. 4. Period limited by statute after
which a claimant shall not enforce his claims by suit.
LtmH-M (-Tt-M), a. Confined within Ihnits ; narrow.
~ ' I'lt-lMMt o* Having no limite ; boundless.
(llm)* V. t. [imp. & p. p. LiMKSO (ITmd) ; p.
pr. & vb. n. LocsiHO (ITm'uTng or ITmTng).] [F. entu-
m/ii^r to illuminate, to limn, LL. illuminare to paint.]
1. To draw or paint. 2. To illumine or ornament
(books or parchmente). — Um'ner, n.
Ltmp (limp), V. i. [Cf. AS. leoipheait lame.] To
bait ; to walk lamely. — n. A halt ; a limping.
LIms, a. [Of. Icel. limpa limpness, weakness.] 1.
Flaccid; flabby. 2. Lacking stiffness ; flimsy.
LlnKp^t (ITm'pet), fi. [L. If pa*, -adis^ Or. Acirac, -a^ ]
1. A conical sastropod shell. 2. A marine shellfish, some
Hpecies of which are ust^d as food.
Um'pld C-pTd), a. [L. limpidut ; akin to Or. Aifivctv
to sliine.] Clear or tranapareut; lucid; trausluceut. —
Llm'piA-naM, Ltm-pidl-ty, n.
8yn. — Clear ; transparent ; pellucid ; pure ; bright.
Ump'sy (ITmp'hj^), Ltm'sy (ITm'sj^), a. [See Limp, a.,
and FuMST.] Limp ; fiexible ; fiimsy. ILoculy U. S.'\
Ltni'y (Um'j^), a. 1. Smeared with, or cousistiug of,
lime ; viscous. 2. Containing lime : like Ume.
Unoh'pill' (ITuch'pTnO, n. [AS. /yim axletree.] Pin
to hold the wheel of a vehicle upon the axletree.
LlB'dtB (ITii'df'n), n. [Orig. an adj. from lind linden
tree, AS. lind.'] {a) A handsome European tree, having
cymes of yellow fiowers. {h) In America, the basswood.
Iil]ie(Un), n. [OE./tn. SeeLunur.] The longer and
finer fiber of flax. ^ r. A 1 To cover the iuner surface
of. 2. To fill; to supply. 3. To fortify.
Une, n, [AS. tine cable, prob. fr. L. tinea linen thread,
string, fr. linum flax, linen, cable.] 1. A linen thread ;
cord ; rope ; hawser. 2. Tlireadlike mark of pen, pencil,
or grayer ; any long mark. 3. Course followed ; road or
route. 4. Direction. 6. A row of letters, words, etc.,
written or printed. 6. A short letter ; note. 7. A verse,
or the words forming a certain number of feet, according
to the measure. 8. Course of conduct, thought, or argu-
ment ; department of industry, trade, eto. 9. That which
has length, but not breadth or tlUckness. 10. Ebcterior
limit of a flgure or territory ; boundary ; outline. 11. A
straight row ; a continued series or rank. 12. A succes>
sion of ancestors or desceudante; family. 13. A con-
nected series of public conveyances. 14. {a) A circle of
latitude or of longitude, as repre^nt^d on a map. (6) The
equator ; -- usually called the line, or equinoctutl line.
Id. a long tape, etc., marked with subdividuns for msas-
uring. 16. The tnck and roadbed of a railroad. 17. (a)
A row of soldiers abreast of one another ; — opp. to col-
ttr>n. (6) The regular infantry of an array, as disting. fr.
militia, guards, cavalry, artillery, etc. 18< (1) A trench
or rampart, (b) pi. Dispositions made to cover extended
positions, and presenting a front in but one direction to an
enemy. 19. pi. Form of a ship as shown by the ootliiie*
of vertical, horiaontal, and obUque aectiona. 20. A aeriea
of various qualities of a class of aitidea. 21. The wire
connecting one telegraphic station with another ; snrsfeem
of telegraph wires. 22. pi. Beins for guiding a borae.
lU. S.J x3. A measure of length ; l-12th of an inch. —
V. t. 1. To mark with lines. 2. Tb read line by line.
3. To form into a line ; to align.
UB'e-Afe aXn^tj ; 2), n. [F. lignage, fr. L. /meo.]
Descent in a line from a common progenitor ; race.
Iilll'«-«i, a. [L. lineali*.'} 1. Descending in a direct
line from an auoe&tor ; hereditary ; — opp. to coUateraL
2. Liheriting by direct descent. 3. Composed of lines ;
delineated. 4. In the direction of a line ; pert to, meea-
ured on, or found by, a line ; linear. — Ua't'Al-ly, crrfv.
IilB'*-*-lliaat (-4>m«nt), n. [L. /tfieam<ii/t(fN, Ir. liuea.l
One of the features of a body, eep. of the face ; toim.
Un't-ar (-<-Sr), a. [L. linearis, it. linen.'^ 1. Pert.
to a line ; lineal. 2. Like a line ; narrow.
UB'eil (-fci), n. [Prop, an adj. fr. AS. fin flax, wbrnre
iJnen made of flax ; akin to L. linum flax, linen, Or. ki-
MM'.] 1. Thread or cloth made of flax or (rarely) of
hemp. 2. Underclothing. •- a. Hade of linen.
Lin'ar (lin'^r), n. 1. One tliat Ibies. 2. A vessel be-
lonffing to a regular line of packeto ; a Une-of-battle ahip.
Uns (ITng), n. [Akin to D. leng. 80 named from ite
being lon^r.] A large food fiah of the cod kind.
Lm'C«r (ITn'gSr), r. i. [AS. lengan, fr. long long.]
To delay ; to loiter ; to hesitate. — Llll'gtr-cr, n.
Sjn. — To loiter ; lag ; delay ; tarry ; stop ; beutate.
Un'SCr-lnc o. 1. Delaying. 2. Long ; protracted.
Lin'CO (ITn'gd), n. [L. lingua tongue, language.]
Language; speech; dialect. [Slang'\
uaL'KpLk-titn*Xal (iTn/gwA^«naoi). Llii'nl<tfciital
(-gwY-den'tal), a. [L. lingua -\- E. dental.'^ Formed ly
joSnt use of tongue and teeth, as the letters d and /. — n.
An articulation pronounced by aid of the tongue and teeth.
Un'glial (ITn'gwal), a. Pert, to the tongue ; uttered
by aid of the tongue ; glossal, •-n. A coDsooant sound
formed by aid of the tmigue ; — applied to cextatai articu*
lations (as those of f, d, th, aiid n) and to the letters de>
noting them. panguagea. |
Llll'glllst(-gwTst), n. [L. linqua.l One skSjed in|
Ua-ffllla^ (.gwYhtTk), I a. Pert, to language ; re>
Un-cnlstlo-al (-tT-kal), ) lating to lingu&tics.
Un-cnlstlcs (-tTks), n. Science of languages, or of
the origin, signification, and application of words.
LlBl-mMIt (ITnl-ment), n. [L. /tfi^m<!iUt(tn, f r. /^<r«
to anoint.] A preparation thinner than an <^teaeut,
rubbed on the skin as a sedative or stimulant.
Uninf (liuang), n. l. A making lines, or inserting a
lining. ^2. That which covers the inner surface.
Unk (link), n. [Prob. oorrup. fr. lint and this for
lunt, D. loiU roateh.1 A torch made of tow, pjtch, etc
Unk, n. [AS. A/rnce.] 1. A single ring or division
of a chain. 2. Anything which coonecto separate things ;
a part of a connected series ; tie ; bond. 3. Anything
doubled and closed like a link. 4. Rod or piece tu ma-
chinery for transmitting force or motion ; short connect-
ing rod with a bearing at each end. 6. Length of one joint
of Ounter*s chain, being the 1-lOOth of it, or 7.92 inches.
6. pi. Sausages ; — because linked together. {^CoUoq.l
•—r. t. &L To connect with a link ; to join.
Lin-lUi'ftll ( (ITn-nS'an). a. Pert, to Linnmut^ the
Un-IM'ail I Swedish botanist.
Linnian systaai. the system in which classes of plante
are founded mainly upon the number of stamens, and
orders upon the pistils ; the artificial or sexual system.
Lin'net (ITn'net), n. [F. Hnot, fr. L. linum flax ; —
because it feeds on needs of flnx and hemp.] A small Eu-
ropean and Americnn fringiUine bird.
Ll-nolO-1im(lT-n5nl-iim),n. [L. /^mun flax -f o/««nii
oil.] 1. Linseed oil hardened by oxidising, and havti^^
many of the uses of India rubber. 2. A floor cloth i
S, «, 1, 3, a, long : A, «, 1, 5, a, f, abort ; senlLte, dvent, Idea, Obey, Onite, clre, iirm, Ask, |^, fjiaL
LINSEED
333
LITERATI
by Itjiat htilMMd liuMd oU mbnd wtth gTOQBd ocA on
ft onTM 1w fclllg
LlB'IMd' (Uo'aUa n. [Bee Linir.] Seedi of flax«
jlttlding linaeed oiL [Written aluo Uniseed.']
UB'aey-WOOl'My (lXn'«y-wd61'i>^ ), n. Cloth made of
linea and wool* mixed, --a. Made vt liuen and wooL
Ua'BtOGk (ITn'stSk), n. [D. lonUtok; lout a match
-4- jTiMfc stock, atick.^ Staff to hoM a lighted match for
firing cannon. [Written also UnMock.]
Ltat (lint), n. [AS. tlnei flax, hemp, fr. tin flax.] I.
Flax. 2. Linen scraped into a soft, downy substance for
dressing wounds and sores ; fine raveliugs ; down ; fluff.
Linlil (ITtt'tn), n. [OF. lintel, LL. HnteUtu, dim. f r.
L. lime* limit] A horizontal piece spamiing a door,
window, etc., and carrying the superincumbent weight.
UafSMd' (ITnt'sSdO, n. Linseed.
LFOB (li'Bn), n. [F. ; L. Iro, -onU, akin to Or. AcW.]
1. A large carnivorous feline iiiammai of Southern A^
African Lion.
and Africa. 2. An astronomical sign and a constellation ;
Leo. 3. An object of int<>r«8t and curiosity.
Li'om-aas, ». A fem<«Ie lion.
U'oa-lie (Tz), r. t. 1. To treat as a lion or object of
interest. 2. To show tlie linns or objects of interest to.
Up (ITp), n. [AS. lippa ; akin to D. lip, L. labium,
ia^mm,] 1. One of the two flesliy folds around the ori-
fice of the mouth. 2. E V*^ of anything. — r. t. To kias.
lil-potll'y-my (It-nfitha-mj^), n. [Or. ktmevfiCa;
ktiwtw to lack 4- Ovm^ nanxX, life.] A fainting ; a swoon.
U«^t-ble (llk'wl-b'l), a. [L. liqnalnlis, fr. liquare
to melt.] Capable of beuig melted.
U'qiiatS (UOcwit), r. /. To separate by fusion (a more
fusible from a less fusible material).
U-OVa'tfon (-kwa'shnn), n. 1. A making or becomfaig
lk|uid ; capacity of becoming liquid. 2. The separating,
by Jieat, an easily fusible metal from one less fusible.
Ufmb-tkQ^tkm (lTk'wt.fSk'.^h&n), n. 1. A liquefying ;
a making or becoming liquid ; convention of a solid into a
liquid by heat. 2. The being liquid. 3. The reducing a
gaa or vapor to a liquid by col I or pressure.
Uq'Qe-fy (-fl). r. /. [F. Uqu^/irr, L. liquere to be liq-
aid -j-Zacere, -fcare (in comp.). to make.] To convert
from a solid form to thnt of a liquid ; to melt ; to dis-
■olve. ^ P. t. To become liquid. — Llq'UO-fl'a-blet a.
Lt^Ues'Oait (lt-kw5 /vnt), a. [L. lioueMcenx, p. pr.
of liquescere to become liquid, inrho. fr. liqiirre.] Tend-
ing to become liquid ; melting. — Li-QllM'oen-oy, n.
H LI'cnMVr' (ItkSr'), n. [F. See Liquor.] An aro-
matic afroholic cordial.
Lta'llld(lTk'wTd), a. [L. hmiidus, fr. liqyiere.^ 1. Flow-
Ing freely like water ; fluid. 2. Flowing «imoothly or
without abrupt tranaitians or harsh tones. 3. Pronounced
without any jar or harshness; smooth. —^n. 1. A sub-
B whose parte change their relative position on pres-
sure, retaining no daflnite form ; % fluid not aSrif om. 1.
A letter (/, m, n, r) of a flowing sound, or which flows
amoothly after a mute.
LiqlU-date (ITk'wI-dIt), v. /. [LL. liquidate, -otum^
fr. L. liquiduiS] 1. To determine by agreement or by
htigation the amount of (indebtedness). 2. To apply
aaseta toward the discharge of (indebtedness). 3. T^
pay off (an indebtedneas). 4. To make inteuigible. —
Lw'iii-dAtloii, ». — LiQ'iii-fia'tor, n.
Ttqniill-ty (IT-kwIdrf-t j^ ), n. A being Uquid.
Uq'IMir (itk'Sr), n. [OE. Hi OF. Ucur, F. liqueur, fr.
L. liquor, fr. liquere to be liquid.] 1. Any liquid sub-
stance. 2. Alcoholic or spirituous fluid, distilled or fer-
mented. 3. A solution of a medicinal snbatance hi
water ; — dlsting. f r. tincture and aoua,
Ua'WNr-lM (ITk'Sr-Ts), n. Licorice.
lixa'n {WtL), n. ; pi. Liu (-r4). [It., fr. L. libra
pound.] An Italian coin equivalent to the French franc.
Lisp (IT sp), V. i. &t. [AS. wlisp stammering, lisping.]
1. To give « and a the sound of ih, 2. To speak with
imperfect articulation. 3. To speak hesitatingly, as if
afraid. — n. Habit or act of lisping. — Lisp'er, n.
Ult (list), n. [F. lice, fr. L. lieium thread, girdle.1
A line bounding a piece of ground ; in pi., field inclosea
for a race or combat. ^ v. t. To inclose for combat.
UaX, V. t. & i. To liaten or hearken to.
List, V. i. [AS. lyttan, fr. lutt pleasure.] * 1. To de-
sire ; to please. 2. To lean ; to incline, ^n. An incli-
nation (of a ship, etc.) to one side.
List, n. [AS. lUt list of cloth.] 1. A strip fomung
the selvage of cloth ; fillet. 2. A limit ; border. 3. A
roll or catalogue ; record of usmes. 4. A little square
architectural molding ; — called also listel.
Syn. — List; Roll: Cat aumub: ReoisTss; Invbm-
TORT ; ScHBDULK. — A Ust is properly a series of names,
etc., such as might be entered in a imrrow strip of paper.
A roll waa a list of persons belonging to a pubOo body (as
Parliament, etc.), whic h waa rolled up and laid among its
archives. A catalogue is a list of persons or things ar-
ranged in order. A rerwder is designed for record. An
inventoru is a list of articles in a store of goods, in the
estate of a deceased person, eto. A jtcheduTe is a formal
list or inventory for legal or bus iiess purposes.
— r. /. 1. To cover with list, ci with strips of cloth ; to
Sut list on (a door, etc.). 2. To enroll ; to register in a
St. 3. To enlist. — v. tf. To engage in public service
by enrolling one^s name ; to enlist.
Llsf •! (ITs'tei), n. [F.] A list or fillet.
Usten (ITs'^n), r. i. [AS. A/y«ton.] 1. To hearken ;
to attend. 2. To give heed ; to obey. — Llsltll-«r, n.
Syn. — To attend ; hearlcen^ See XmirD.
ListlMS (ITst'lSs), a. [See Lust.I Having no de-
sire or inclination; indifferent; spiritless. — LlStlass-
ly, adr. — LiStleSS-lMM, n.
Syn. — Heedless ; careless ; lan^niid ; indolent.
Lit (ITt), a form of the imp. & p. p. of Liobt.
LIt'a-ny (ITfl-ny), n. (L. lUama, Or. kiravtia, fr.
AtT^ prayer. 1 Solemn form of supplication and prayer.
Liter ) (le'tSr), n. [F. lUre, Or. A«rpa a silver coin.]
Li'tre i A metric measure of capacity ; a cubic deci-
meter = 01.022 cubic inches, or 2.113 American pints.
Lirar-ld (llfSr-^l), a. If. lUSral, L. literalit, fr.
liiera a letter.] 1. According to the letter or verbal
expression ; real ; not figurative. 2. Following the let-
ter or exact words ; not free. 9. Consisting of, or ex-
pressed by, letters. 4. Oiving a strict construction;
mntter-of-fart. — Lit'er-«l-lsm, n. — Lit'«r-al-iSt, n.
Lit'er-al-ly, odr. l. According to the natural import
of words ; not fltniratively. 2. Word by word.
Llt'or-a-ry i-t-r^), a. [L. lUeniHtu, fr. lifera.} L
Pert, to letters, literature, or learned men. 2. Versed
in literature ; oocupied with literature as a profesMon.
Lit'er-ate (it), a. IL. literatu*.^ Learned ; lettered.
— n. A literary msn.
IlLit'O-n'ti (-^-rS'ti), n. pf. Literary men.
fSm, rec«nt, 6rb| ryde, fyll, Ikm, food, fcTot, oat, oil, claair, bo, aias, i{|k, tlien, tliin.
LITERATIM
334
LIVING
WUif^TtL'Um {IfVU-TVtXm), adv. [LL.] Letter for
l6tt«r.
Ltf«r-«-t1ir» (lTt^r-4.tttr; 40), n. [F. litUrature^ L.
Hteratura^ fr. tUera.} 1. Leanung. 2. CollectiTe body
oi literary productions. 8. Writuun diatinguiahed for
beauty of style, disting. fr. act :iitiflo treatises ; bellee-
lettres. 4. Occupation of doing literary work.
8711.— LnvLATVBB; Lbaakino; Ebuditioh; acienoe;
belles-lettres. See SciiifCB. — Literature embraces all com-
positions resulting from obaenration, thought, or fancy ;
but those upon the positive sciences are usoally excluded.
It IS often confined, however, to bdie*4ettrtM^ or works of
taste and sentiment, as poetry, eloquence, history, etc
n UV-TtLtQM (Iff ^ri'tfis), ft. / d/. Litseati (-ti).
f L.1 A learned man ; one aoqtiaintea with literature.
Ltth'arct (ITth'Arj), n. [F. ; L. lUhargyrun, Or.
AtMpyvpos scum or foam of silver ; Attfoc stone -j- apyvpoc
silver.] Lead monoxide, obtained bv heating lead iu a
current of air or by calcining lead nitrate or carbonate,
and used in making flint glass, in glaxiiig earthenware, in
m'Jcing red lead or minium, etc. Galled also moMstcot.
Litllt (litfa ), a. [ A8. ttde.tOT Hn9e tender.] PUaiit ;
flexible. — LtUM'IIMS, n. — Uthe'lOIIM (-s&m), a.
Litkl^(lTth1-4),n. [NL.,fr. Or. Atfk>( stone.] Oxide
of lithium ; alkaline caustic similar to potash ana soda.
Uthlo, a, [Or. Ai#uc<k, fr. AtAx.] 1. Pert, to stone.
2. Pert, to' formation of stone in the bladder, etc.
Uthl-nm (-Mlm), n. [NL., fr. Or. Ai»(K.] An alka-
line metallic element, the lightest solid element known.
II Ltttl'O-traonciir (-^frSktSr}, n. [F., fr. Or. A^^
-f L. frangere^ fractum^ to break.] An explosive com-
pound of nitroglycerin.
Uth'O-gnpb (-grif), V. t. ILiiho- -h -graph.'] To
tiace on stone by lithography so as to transfer tlie design
to paper by printing. ^ n. A print made by lithography.
-Ll-t]lOt'ni.|^h«r (IT-ttiSg^rA-fSr), n.
Li-thofta-piiy (lT-th5g'rA.fj^), n. The putting de-
signs or writing, with a greasy material, on stone, and
producing printed impressions therefrom. — Ltth^O-
franhio (iTth'^-grliTk), Lith'o-fnnli'kHa, a.
Ll-tllOl'O-gy (lT-th81^jy), n. iLUho- + -logy.1 1.
Science of rocks, their constitntion, and occurrence iu
nature. 2. A treatise on stones found in the body.
Ll-tllOt'O-my (lT-th5t'ft-my), n. [Or. At^oroftto.] A
cutting for stone iu the bladder. — Li-thOfO-mlst, n.
Lttll'O-trlp'sy (ITth'ft-trTp'sy), n. [LUho- -)- Or. rpt-
Pti¥ to grind.] The cnisiting a stone in the bladder
with an Instrument called lUhotHptor or lilhotrite.
Ll-thom-ty (IT-th5t'rT-ty), n. [/.i/Ao- -\- L. terere,
triiumt to grind.] The breaking a stone in the bladder
into small pieces capable of being voided.
Lltl-failt (ITtl-Rflnt), a, [L. lUigans^ -antU, p. pr.
of lifigare to Iitigftte.] Disposed to litigate ; engaged in
a Hwsuit. — n. One engagvMl In a lawsuit.
Lltl-gate (-git), r. t. & i. To contest in law.
LlH-ga'tlMI, n. [L. litigatio, fr. lUignre to litigate ;
/»jf, /i/ii, dispute, lawsuit -\- agere to carry on.] A litiga-
ting ; suit at law ; judicial contest.— Utl-ga'tor, n.
Ll-tl'KlOlll (IT-tTj'lls}, a. [L. litigiom*, fr. litignre.'\
1. Inolmed to contend in law ; quarrplsoine. 2. Subject
to contention ; disputable. 3. Pert, to legal disputes. —
Li-tl'KlOIUhlT. ndv. — U-ti'jdOIUi-liaM, n.
Llt%l1ll (iTt'mfis), n. [D. lakmoe* ; Ink lacker -f-
moe« pap.] A dyestuff extracted from certain lichens.
Being turned red by acids and restored to its blue color
by nikalles. It is a test for acidity and alkalinity.
Litre (IS'tJr). n. [F.l Liter.
Lifter (lifter), n. [F. Uti>re, LL. leetarin, fr. L.
lechm bed.1 1. Stretcher for carrying a disabled person.
2. Straw, hay, etc., scattered as be<iding for animals; a
coverlug of straw for plants. 3. Scattered rubbish. 4. Un-
tidiness. 6. The young brought forth at one time, by
a sow, etc. — r. i. 1. To stipply (cattle) with litter ; to
cover (the floor of a sUll) with litter. 2. To disorder.
S. To give Mrth to (pigs, puppies, etc.). ^ r. i. To pio>
duoe a litter.
ltLtl't«'ni'tMn^(lfttt'rA't2r'),ii. [F.] AUteniynaaa.
Uttle (ITt^M), a. [Compar. wanting, being supplied
by /eM, or, rarely, /esfer. ForsoperL feoi^lsaaied.] [AB.
/p/e/, tUel^ I9t.} t. SmaU ; diminutive ; — opn. U> big or
targe. 2. Short in duration ; brief. 8. Small in quan-
tity ; not much. 4. Small in power or importince ; in-
significant ; inconsiderable ; contemptible, ft. Small in
extent of views or irmpathies ; narrow ; ahalloiT ; mten ;
ungenerous. — n. 1. Small quantity, amonnt, stoace, etc«
2. A small degree or scale; miniature. ^ ovr. JHot
much ; sUghtly : somewhat. — Uftle-tteM, n.
UrtO-nd (-t^-ral), a. [L. liUaralU, fr. IHttu, IUm,
seashore.] Pert, to a shore, en>. the seadiore.
U-tWglo (IT-tQr'jTk}, ) a. [Pert, to, or like, a Ut-
Li-tnr'ClO-Al (JT-kal), ( urgy or public worship.
Ltrv-ir (ITt'ftr-j^ ), n. [LL. ftfuf^. Or. ktirt^vpyim ;
Actrot pubUc (fr. Aadc, A«wc, the people) -{- root of ^p>or
work.] An established formula for puolie worship ; rit-
ual in a church which uses prescribed forma.
IAt9 (ITv), V. «. [imp. & p. p. Litto (ITvd) \p.nr.A
vb. n. Limio.] [AS. libban, h/tan.'] 1. To be alive. 2. To
pass life or time in a certain manner. 2. To dwell ; to re-
side. 4. To exist; to Ust. ft. To enjoy life. 6. To feed;
to be nourished or su|^rted ; — with on. 7. To ac
tuire a livelihood; to subsist ; — with on or fry.— r. t.
,. To spend, as one*s life ; to continue in. 2. To pra* tice.
htW (liv), a. [Atbr. fr. a/fVf .] 1. Having life ; sUve ;
not dead. 2. Burning ; having active properUea. 2. Full
of earnestness ; active ; wide awake. 4. Vivid ; brifiit.
live oak.a species of oak,growing in the Southern States,
of great durability, and excellent for ship timber.- live
stack, domestic animals kept on a farm.
UveOi-hOOd (UvnT-hd6d), n. [AS. If/ life -f l&d way. ]
Subsistence or living ; wpport of life ; maintenance.
UTeH-neM, n. 1. The being lively or animated. 2.
Appearance of life or spirit.' 3. Briskness ; efTervesoenre.
Hrn. — LrvBLiKsss ; Oatwtt ; Akimatioh ; ViTAcrrr ;
sprwhtliness ; briskness ; activity.- lAreiine** is an Lal't-
ual feeling of life and Interest ; i^ayeiy^ a temporary exc te-
' ment ot animal spirits ; onimtition^ a warmth of emoticm
and vividness of expressing it ; vivacity^ a feeling between
livelhiess and animation.
UTeaonr (llvntag"), a. [¥ot lifelfmg.'i Whole;
entire ; long in peering ; — used of time.
LtrelT (livlj^), a. [For /</Wy.] 1. Endowed with
or manifesting life. 2. Brisk ; active. 3. Gay ; ani-
mated. 4. Bright; vivid. ^ arfr. Briskly; vigoronily.
Sjn. — Nimble ; smart ; sprightly ; strong ; vivid ; gay.
LtT'er (ITv'Sr), fi. 1. One that Uvea. 2. A resident.
LlT'er, fi. TAS. /t/«T.] Largest gland of the body,
which secretes bile, produces glycogen, and in other ways
changes the blood pasring through it. [and mosses. I
Ltr'er-WOIt' (-wQrf ), n. A pUnt between Udiensl
LtT'er-y (-^ ), n. [F. livrie^ formerly, a gift of clothes
made to servants, f r. livrer to deliver, L. liberar^ to set
free, in LL., to deliver up. See LnsaATB.] 1. A deliver-
ing possession of lands or tenements. 2. That which is
delivered out statedly or formally, as clothing, food, etc
(ff ) A uniform clothing for servanta. (6) A peculiar dress
of any association of persons ; member of snoh asaoda-
tion. (c) An allowance of food statedlr given out ; ration.
(ff) The care of horses for compensation, (e) The keep-
ing horses to be hired for riding or driving. ^v.U To
clothe in livery.
Uvary staMs, a stable where horaes are kept for hire, and
where stabling is provided.
LlT'er-y-llUUl, n. 1. One who wears a livery, as a
servant. 2. A freeman of the dty, In London. 3. One
who keeps a livery stable.
Ltrid (ITvTd ), a. [L. liridut, fr. livert to be of a bio-
ish color.] Black and blue ; of a lead color ; discolored.
-LtTid-lieai, U-Tkll-tT (H-vYdn-^). n.
LlT^f,<i. 1. Being alive; having life. 2. Active;
ft, 8, 1, 8, II, long { ft, ft, 1, 0, «, ti "bort ; tenOte, <vent, tdaa, ftbey, lUklte, e*re, ttm, Aek, «U, f
LIVRE
335
LOCKAGE
liv«lj. 8. Iwaiog oontixiually from the earth ; flowing ;
— opp. to ttagnatU. 4. Producing life, Action, or Tigor.
6. ignited; glowing with heat ; burning, ^n. 1. Life;
ezJAtenoe. 2. Manner of life. 3. Means of aubelAtence ;
estate. 4. In England, a dergyniau^s benefloe.
LIfvra (lyvJr ; F. Wrt*), n. [F., fr. L. libra a pound
<rf 12 ounces. Cf. Lisa.] A French money of account ;
a ailTer coin equal to 20 sou, now Buperseded by the franc.
Uz-lT^-al (ITlu.Tva-an, Liz-lvl-OIUI (-&.:), a. [L.
lixivius^ fr. fix ashes, lye.] 1. Impregnated with alka-
line salts ^tracted from wood aslies ; impregnated with
aalta. 2. Resembling lye.
LlX-hrfl-ate (-5t), v. t. To wash and separate soluble
material from the insoluble ; to leach (ashes), in order to
esctract the alkaline substances. — Llx-iTl-atloll, n.
LlZ-l¥l-1im (-fim), n. A solution of alkaline salts
from wood ashes ; any solution obtained by lixiriation.
Lll'aid (ITz'Srd), n. [F. Utard, L. lacrrla.] A rep-
til« of many
•peoiee, having
an elom^ated
body, and usu-
ally four legs,
and a long tuL
™*^% \ o '-^^ Orttn Lixard (lAMeerta viridi$). ( i )
ruT.] A South •
American ruminant, allied to the camels, but smaller ;
— formerly used as a beast of burden in the Andes.
!•• (15), interj. Look : see ; observe.
Ltaoh (ISch), n. [F. loche.] A smaU fresh-water
cyprinoid fish of Europe and Asia.
Load (lOd), n. [OE:. lode load, way ; prop, same word
as lodey but confused with lade.] 1. A burden ; that
which is laid on anythfaig for conveyance; a weight.
2. Quantity which can be carried in a cart, barrow,
▼essel, e|c. ; lading. 3. That which burdens the mind
or spirita. 4. Charge of a firearm. 6. Work done by
a st«im epgiiw or other prime mover.
Sxn. — Bnrden ; lading ; weight ; cargo. See Bubdbst.
— V. /. To lay a load or burden on (a horde, cart, etc.) ;
to charge (a gun) with a load ; to furnish (a ship) with a
lading or cfrgo ; to add weight to ; to heap upon.
Laid'Star , Loda'SUr' (-stKr/), m. {Load, lode + ttar.
Sen LoDB.] A guiding star poiestar ; cynosure.
Load'nono', Loda'StOlM' (-stSn'), n. ILoad, lode +
Mene,"] A piece of magnetic iron ore having polarity
like a magnetic needle.
Loaf (15f), n. ; pi. Loatm (ISvz). [AS. MS/.] Any
thick lump, maas, or cake ; a regularly molded mass.
Loaf, V. i. [O. laujen to run.] To spend time in idle-
ness : to lounge or loiter about. — Loafor, n.
LtaM (15m), n. [AS. lim ; akin to E. lime.'] L A
khii of soil ; an earthy mixture of clay and sand, with or-
ganic matter giving it fertility. 2. A mixture of sand,
clay, etc., used in making molds for castings. ^ v. /. To
cover, smear, or fill with loam. — Loam'y, a.
Loan ()5n), n. [AS. fdn, UBn, fr. Ie6n to lend ; akin to
Ia linqaere to leave. Or. ActVciv.] 1. A lending ; per-
mission to use. 2. That which one lends or borrows ; a
•am of money lent at interest. ^ v. t. To lend.
IiOath (ISth), a. [AS. 158 odious.] FiUed with dis-
gust or aversion ; reluctant.
IiOatllO (IStfa}, V, L [AS. laiSian to hate.] 1. To feel
aversion for. 2. To dislike greatly. — Leam'or, n.
Sjn. — To hate ; abhor ; detest ; abominate. See Hatb.
Loath'fol (-fyl), a. 1. Abhorring. 2. Disgusting.
IrfHItll'lliy, M. Extreme disgust ; nausea : detestation.
Loathly, ndv. Unwillintrly ; reluctantly.
Loatlt^SOm? (-sfim), a. Exciting disgust ; disgusting.
LttTOB (15vs), n. ; pi. of Loxr.
Lob(lSb), n. [W.//oftunwieldy lump, blockhead.] 1.
A dull, heavy person. 2. Something thick and heavy.—
V. /. To let fall heavily or lazily.
American Lobster {Homarut Americanus).
LolMtO (iyb4t), \ a. Consisting of, or haTingflobea;
Lolba-tod (-bt-tSd), } lobed.
Ltt»l»y (ISb'bj^). 9/. [LL. lobium a cov-
ered portico, fr. OUG. louba^ O. lavhe^
arbor. J 1. A passage ; hall of communica-
tion. 2. Part of a hall of legislation not
appropriated to the oflScial use of the as-
sembly ; persons, collectively, who frequent |
such a place to transact business with the
legislators, or to influence them by personal
agency. [U. S.] — v. i. & t. To soUcit
(members of a legislative body) to favor par- » ,. , , .
ticuUr measures.— Ltl>ni)y-tet,n. [U.S.'] Lo^^ L«^-
LolM (15b), n. [F. ; Or. Ao/86s.] A projection or
division, esp. one of a rounded form. — Lobod (15bd), a.
Le-lMOi-a (l«-bSnT-4 or 16-bel'y4; 26), n. [NL., fr.
Ijobely botanist to King James I.] A plant of many spe-
cies, some used in medicine as an emetic, expectorant, etc.
LOIKator (15b/st8r), tu [AS. loppestre.] A large,
edible, marine -^
crustacean,
having a pair
of large un-
equal claws.
Lob ' nlo
(-fll). n. [F.,
dim. of lobe.]
A small lobe;
subdivision of
a lobe.
Lo'oal (IS'-
kal),a. [L./0.
caltSy fr. loeu*
place.] Pert,
to a particular place ; restricted to one reirion.
Ld'oal-ism, n. 1. a being local. 2. Conduct pecul-
iar to a certain district : a local idiom or phrase.
Lo-oall-ty (W-k«lT-ty), n. l. The belonging to a
definite place, or being contained within definite limits.
2. Position ; spot. 3. Limitntion to a county, district, or
place. 4. The phrenological perceptive faculty enabling
one to remember relative poeitions of places.
Lo'oal-lae (ISncnl-iz), v. t. To make local ; to fix in,
or assign to, a definite place. — Lo'cal-l-zaHon, n.
Lo'cal-ly, adv. With respect to place ; in phice.
Lo'catO (-kSt), V, i, [L. locare, -catum, to place, fr.
locus.] 1. To place ; to set in a particular position. 2.
To define the limits of. — r. t. To 8#»ttle. iColloq.l
Le-oa'tton, n. 1. A locating. 2. Situation ; place ;
locality. 3. The marking out of the boundaries, or iden-
tifying the place of, a piece of land.
Loo'a-tive (lSk'4-tTv), a. Indicating place ; as, a /oca-
tire adjective. — n. The locative case of a noun.
Looh (15k), n. [Gael. & Olr.] A lake ; bay or arm of
the sea. [Scot.] [hay, etc. ; tress or ringlet. I
Lock, n. [AS. loce.] A tuft of hair ; flock of wool, |
Look, n. [AS. /oc, fr. lucan to lock, fasten.] 1. Any-
thing that fastens; a fastening for a door, lid, trunk,
drawer, etc., fastened and opened by a key. 2. A fas-
tening together; a being fixed or immovable. 3. A
barrier confining the wat«r of a canal. 4. An in-
closure in a can^ with g^tes at each end, used in rais-
ing or lowering boata as they pass from one level to
another. 6. Tlmt part of a firearm which explodes the
charge. 6. A grapple in wrestling. — r. /. 1. To fnrten
with a lock ; to prevpnt free raovempiit of. 2. To shut
in or out. 3. To link together. 4. To furnish (a canal)
with locks ; to raise or lower (a boat) in a lock. —v. i.
To become fast by a lock or by interlacing.
Lock stitch, a stitch formed by the locking of two threads
togettier, as in work done by some sewing machines.
Lock'age (15k'Sj ; 2), n. 1. Materials or works for
locks in a canal. 2. Toll paid for pnuing locks of a canal.
3. Elevation and descent made by locks of a canal.
fan, reoent, Arb, r^de, f ^ Urn, food, f dbt, out, oil, eludr, go, ains, ink, tben, tbin.
LOCKED-JAW
336
LONESOMENESS
-JtW (Wkt'jj/), n. Lockjaw.
Lock'ar, n. 1. Oue that locks. 2. A drawer, cupboard,
or cheat, that may be cioeed with a lock.
LoQk'at, n. [F. loquet, dim. of OP. loe latch, lock.]
1. A nuall lock ; catch or apring to fasten a necklace, etc.
2. A little case for holding a ntiuiature or lock of hair.
XaOOk^W (-Jf^)» *>• A contraction of the muaclee of
the jaw, suspenaing its motion ; tetanus.
Lock'OIlt' (-outOt »• An employer's doeiiig of a
f ^tory, to bring workmen to terms.
Look'mltll', n. One who makes or mends locks.
Lock-up' ('fip')* A. A place where persons under ar-
rest are temporanly locked up ; a watchhouse.
Lo'OO-moilOII (IS^kft-niS^shfiu), n. [L. loais place
imotio motion.] 1. A moving from place to place.
Power to more from place to place.
Uyoo-miOftkW9 (-tTv), a. [F. locomoti/.] 1. Moving
from place to place ; able to change place. 2. Used in
producing motion.— n. A locomotive engine ; aself-prc^
pelling wheel car-
riage, for convey-
ing goods or pas-
sengers, or drawing
wagons, railroad
cars, etc.
Lo'onit (15'-
kOst), n. pu. lo- ^,
eusta.'] 1. A long-
witiged, migratory, •'
orthopterous iu- "^ t^ »,. ♦in-
sect, iuied to the ^ , „ ., „V^^ S nnu-
«Kt..t./innAiHi « ^'^ Boiler ; B SmoVc Box j C Chimnry :
grasahoppers. a. j.^ g^„^ gox ; F Cab , G Cylind/r :
[BtymoL uncer- op Feed Pip« t r Steam Chest; CU
Uhi.] The locust ParsllelKod; TO Puton Rod s ITAkh
tree. P»n.
Loeut trss, a large North American tree, producing
racemes of flowers ; — called acacia in Engluid.
Lo-CQ'tioa (Ift-ku'shttn), n. [L. locutio, It. foqui to
speak.] Speech, or discourse ; phrase ; form of expression.
Lote (I9d), n. [AS. lad way. Journey, fr. llSan to go.]
1. A water course. 2. A metallic or other vein.
Loao'star' (ISd'st&r'), n. Loadstar.,
Lode'StOlM' (-8t5n0i n. Loadstone.'
Lodge (15j), n. [OE. & F. loge^ LL. laubia porch, G.
taube arbor, fr. lanb foliage.] A shelter in which one
may rest; a small dwelling house ; den; meeting room of
an association, — r. <. 1. To rest in a lodge or place of
shelter. 2. To come to a rest ; to stop and remain. ^ v. /.
1. To shelter ; to furnish a sleepinff place for. 2. To drive
to shelter ; to track to covert 3. To deposit for preserva-
tion. 4. To infix ; to implant.
LodgO'ineilt, n. Lodgment.
Lodf'er, n. One that lodges ; one living in a hired room.
LodS'ing, n. I. Act of one that lodges. 2. A place
of rest, or temporary habitation ; sleeping i^mrtment.
8. Abiding place ; cover.
LodC'meilt (15j'ment>. n. [Written also lodgement.]
1. A lodging, or being lodged. 2. Collection of some-
thing deposited or resting In a place. 3. The holding a
position, as by a besieging party ; intrencliment «;hrown
an in a captured position.
Loft (15ft), n. [Icel. lopt air, heaven, loft, upper room ;
skin to AS. ly/t sir.] That which is lifted up ; an el'^vntion.
(n) Space under a roof. (6) Gallery in a church, hall, etc.
(c) A floor above another : a story.
iHrftT (-y), a. [Fr. loff.] 1. Lifted high
up ; towering. 2. Elevated In rank. Hlimity,
bearing, etc. ; stately; haughty.— Loftl-ly,
adv. - Loftl-
modon through the water. 3. Record of • ahip'a tpeed
orof her daily progress; logbook. 4. Recent of the wwk
done by an engine, of ooid conramed, etc. ^v. I. To enter
in a ship's log book. —v. t. To cut or transport logs for
timber. [CT. &\]
Leg book, or LMbeok, a book in which is entered the dally
JiroKreaa of a slap, as indicated by the lo{
he weather and mcidente of the voyage. ■
•rogreaa of a slifp, as indicated by the log, with notes oo
jather and mcidente of the voyage. — Log caUn, Lag
. a house made of logs. - Leg glass, a sandglass ua^
to time the running out of the log line. ~L^ Ubs. a omd
fastened to the log-chip. — f*
about 150> fathoius long,
heave ths log, to cast the
certain a vessePs speed b;
heave the log, to cast the loe-chip into the water; to as-
"irtain a vessers speed by tlie log.
Lora-Ittlim (IBg'^rTt^*] -
8yti.— High : ex''lt'»'^ : •'ignifled; majestic;
sublime ; proud. So** Tat i>.
Log (15g), n. [Icel. lag felled tree.] 1.
Bulky piece of wood not shaped by hewing or Lor, Line,
sawing. 2. Apparatus for measuring a ship's sndOlaM.
^ „ ,, [Or. Xc'ycK word, pro-
portion -f ^t0^ nnmber.l An atixilii^ry number used
to abridge arithmetical calculations, by uung addition
and subtraction in place of multiplication and di virion. —
Lqc'a-Htli'liilo (rYth'mTk), Losa-Hhlnlo^, «.
LMT'-Hdllp/ (ISg'chTp'), a. A tliin, flat piece of board
attached to the log line ; — called also lo<f-»kip.
Lorcer-llMld'(lSg'g2r-h6d/),n. [Z^ + Aemf.] 1.
A blockhead ; dunce ; numskulL 2. A long-handled mass
of iron, used to heat tar. 3. A timber, in a whaleboat,
round which the Ihie is turned when running out too fact.
4. A very large marine turtle. 6. An American shrike.
Legale (ISjTk), n. [F. loffiqve, L. logica^ Gr. Aeyun^ (sc
^^Xy*)h ^r. A^yoc speech, reason, Acycu' to speak.] 1. Sci-
ence or art of exact reasoning, or oi formal thought, or of
the laws of pure thinking ; correct reasoning. 2. A treat-
ise on logic. — LoclfHa (-T-kal), a. — Loglo-ally, odv.
Lo-gi'dan (l$-jlsh'an), n. One skilled in logic
Loro-type (15g^-tip). n. [Gr. Ad>of -I- .^^J One
type, containing two or more letters ; as, le, .%, /, etc.
Lof'IOll^ (-rSlO, V. 1. & L To engage in logrolling;
to accomplish by logrolling. [Poiitical canU U. 8 A
Log'roil'illC, n. 1. A rolling felled logs to the sfaream
which floats them to market. In this labor neighboring
camps of loggers combine to assist each other in turn.
[r. £.] 2. The combination of pcrfitidana for mutual
furtherance of their political schemes. [Ctfn/, V. 5.]
Log'-Sllto' (-shTp"), n. Log-chip.
LOff'WOod' (-wd6d0« n. [Fr. being importrd in log*.']
Heamrood of a South American tree, containing a crys-
talline substance called hematoxylin^ and used largely in
dyeing, and in medicine as an astringent; Campeachy
wood ; bloodwood.
Loin (loh)), n. [OF. logne^ fr. (assumed) LL^ Ittmbea^
L. lumlntg loin.] The part oif an animal Just above the
hip ; — in man also called the reins. See Illvsl. of Bkct.
IiOllar Ooi'tSr). V. t. [D. lenteren.] To be alow hi
moving ; to be dilatory; to lag behind.— bOlter'«r(-^r), a.
Syn. — To linger: delay: lag; saunter: tarry.
Loll (151), V. l [Of. Icel. loila to act lazily, loll lazi-
ness, E. /«//.] 1. To act lasily ; to lie at ease. 2. To
hang from the mouth, as the tongue of a dog heated with
exertion. — r. t. To let (the tongue) hang out.
Lolll-pop (-lT-p5p), n. [Perh. fr. loll + pope mixed
liqiior. ] A sugar confection which dissolves in the month.
Lolnent (lament), n. [L. lomentvm bean meal, fr.
larare^ lotunu, to wash.] An elongated pod, having two
valves, divided trans-
vencely into small cells,
each containinga ,_ ,
simrle see*!. Loment.
Lone (15n), a. [Abbr. fr. alone.\ 1. Being by one's
pelf; lonely. 2. Single; unmarried, or in widowhood.
3. Apart from other things of the kind ; apart from hu-
m-in renort. 4. Unfrequented ; solitary.
I Lonely (-ly), a. 1. Sequestered from company , aoH-
' tary ; retired. 2. Alone ; forsaken. 3. Not frequented.
4. Lonesome.— Lonell-neM(-lT-n?»«).i».
Syn.- Solitary: retired: unfrequented; secluded.
Lone^BOme (- Qm), a. l. Secluded from societv ; mv
f requented ; solitary. 2. Depressed by solitude.— Imm'-
8ome-ly, adv. — Lbne'Bomo-nMn, n.
S, fi, 1, o, a, long ; &, £, 1, 5, il, ^, short ; sanftte, fivent, Idea, 6bey, finite, cAre, Itnn, &ak, ||U, flnoL
LONG
337
top
Idmg (19ag), a. [Compar. Loffott (ISn'gSr) ; mperl.
LoHowT (-gMV] [AS. long, long; akm to D. A Q.
langy L. longtu.} 1. Drawn out iii a linCf or in the di-
rection of length ; extended ; — opf . to shortf and diating.
f r. broad or wide. 2. Extended in time. 3. Stow in
pjuaiug ; tiring bv duration ; lingering. 4. I>i8tattt m
titxM ; far away. 6. Of a (specifiedT len^h. •. Prolonged
in utterance ; — said of Towela ana aylfiibles.
hamt 4om, one more than a dozen ; thirteen. — Ldog
muaiinu, a measure of length ; lineal measure. -- Long
pftear, a size of type between small pica and bonrgeoia.
t^^ This is lonff primer type.
^ n. 1. A note formerly used in music, twice the length
of a breve. 2. A long soimd,
syllable, or Yowel. 3. Thelong-
eat dimension ; greatest extent ;
— in the phrase, the lottg ami
short of tt, that Is, the sniii and ^ Long.
substance of it '—adv. 1. To a great extent in space or
time ; during a long time. 2- At a point faf distant.
3. Through the whole extent. — r. /. [AS. Itmgin i to
lengthen, to long, to crave, fr. lang.'^ To feel a strong
craving ; to wish eagerly.
Loag'bO^t' (-b9t'), A. A ship's largest boat.
LOBg^-ibrftW]!' (-drftn/), a. Extended to great length.
LoiBX»(l&nj), n. [Abbr. fr. allonge.'l A thrust ; lunge.
Lon-lfeNrdlU (ISa-jS'vfiii), a. [L. Ungaeru*; longru
long -f- ntrum age.] Living a long time ; of great age.
— L0B-C«Vl-t7 (-jSvT-ty), n.
L011|r--]Mad^ed (ISnt^hSd^Sd), a. Having nmisual
foresight or sagacity. — LOng'-mtd'ed-Ben, n.
LtBglnz, M. E\g?r desire: craving: earntst .vish.
« Lnt'gtpen'ms (15n'jT-p«n'n3z), n. 1*1. [NL., fr. L.
iongtu ■\- penna wing. ] A group of long- winged sea birds,
inclndin? gulls, petreU etc. — Lc»'gKp«B'aate, a.
LOB^gl-rM'tCr (-r5»'t5r), 71. [L. longns -j- rostrvm
beak.] One of the Longirostres. — laon^gl-roft'tnd, a.
n LfMTgl-rOS'tres (-trSz), n. ol. [NL., fr. L. Iongtu -f-
rottrum beak. ) A group of birds
having long slender biUs, as the
aandpipers, curlews, and ibises.
Lnig'U)l(19ugash), a. Some-
wbit long.
liOOiriPtvae (15n'jT-tud), n.
TF., fr. L. longitudo, fr. longiu.}
1. Length ; distance almig the
longest line ; — distinguished f r.
breadth or thivkness. 2. Are of
the equator intersected between
the meridian of a given place
and the meridian of some other
place from which longitude is
reckoned.
iMt^^Wm^tL^ (-tu'JT-nal),
a. 1. Fertaining to longitude or length. 2. Extending
in length : running lengthwise, as disting. fr. transverse,
— Lon'gl-tll'fl-nil-ly, adv. [lasting long. I
ItOnr-Xltef^ (ISug'IIvdO. u. Having a long life ; |
LinlrtBOf*' (-sbSrO, a. [Abbr. fr. alongshore. l^ Be-
longing to the seashore or a seaport.
iKlAy^Aoro'lBftB, n. One employed about t;ie wharves
of a seaport, esp. iu loading and unloadhig vessels.
LOBg^-slglired (-slt/Sd), a. 1. Able to see objects at
A great distance ; having great foresight ; sagacious. 2.
Able to see objects distinctly at a distance, but not close
at hand ^ hypermetropic. — Long'-slgllt^od-lMait n-
Long'-flCop' (-st^p^), n. One set to stop balls in cricket
which pass the wicket keeper.
liOlg^-iniflrftr-lllg (-sQCfSr-Tng), a. Bearing injuries
or provocation for a long time ; mitient ; not easily pro-
voked. ^ n. Long patience of offense.
Lonv^-tOQgllMr (-tfingdO« »• 1* Raving a long tongue.
% Talkative ; babbling ; loquacious.
Longirostrcs.
Lengthwlad.
Loaog^ayr (l&ag'wazO, ddv.
LOBg'-WM'td (-wTnd'M), a. Lo«ig-breathed ;
diously long in speaking : consmnittg nnich time.
LOBg'wne' (-wizO, adr. Lengthwise.
Loo (16o), ra. [For older fafilfrVoo, F. /m/«rtfr«.] (a)
An old game of cards ; — called also lanierloo, (^) A
modification of the game of '* all fonts *' in whicH Uie
players replenish their hands aftet each round by dra#fng
each a card from the pack. — v. t. To beat in ttie game
of loo by winning every trick. [Written also lu.'\
Lool (IWf or Wf ), n. [See Luff.] [Also written /«/".]
The part of a ship's side where the planking begfais <o
curve toward bow and stem.
Look { I WVk 1 , *^. L { AS. f^rfan . ] 1. la tWtvH t lie ejea
tOH.iKl iiu uhij^t't ; to (Jbwrve. %. Tot[ir<?ct the ntt^titioti
(t<' -'i>iikeMiuie''[ ; tu^iismiut. 3- To A^em ; t^^lmve a par'>
ticnitr fL[]pi^r4nc<^, #, Tu face ; to fruMif. 6. Iii the
iwi'iTJitivB t Bf'p : beh«ilil: Uk# care. %, To ejfiHK-t ; Co
an t L< 1 1 nit t' — r K ^, I Tlj Ml^Mi-VL'. 2 . To Infl iieiic^ or mV
dui^ try In^i.hks or ]»TFi«^tii?«. 3f. To evpresn liy ^ look. ^n.
1. \ Itrijikjiiic ; a ^l4ni?« ; view. 2. Expreaiioii oft he face |
mnminr 3^ ApjH^nrATirD ; iia|,hM'tF — LqoII^OI'] n.
Looking— glra' (-gl^B^), t*. A mirror*
Look 'out' 1,-Dnt )^ t(. 1. A looUn;g for a ly evpiit, JL
Plui'i' fii>i>L whir}i olif^i'Vitjou ia niad^, 3, Oiiif eu^^ed
iuwntrhSii]^ C RjfftfwmiNllly. [<:Wf(>f/ ]
IiWMtl I* Tf Ki vn)*n, [A S. r/elftma Uteii&ilr iuipleDlent ] 1.
A iii,ii^]iiibit^ for- fi^riiNiJik^
cIC'i Fi <iiit of threcttlt or
for iuti^r**^ejivinj| y*Tii
or I ItntflJj^ h)to a fabric
2. TUnt part of mu uar
b e r w 4r « n blmlw and
hainlli/. Kpt* tutu
Loom, t\ ir [lecL
//fi r r to kIuu^ r alt in to
To H i iL-iir nbtivifi t|ii> Mtir-
flM r- ; In n p pr* [IT ei\-
laiL.-l. --r .ti^r.-.ff^.l Afid
in<lL.-.i;3ku [. r.-.j>r iitjiri at^
mot»ph«ric iiitiueuces.
2. To rise and to be eminent ; to be elevated or ennobled.
— n. A looming; esp., an unnatural and indistinct ap-
pearance of elevation or enlargement of anything.
Loon (165n), n. [For older loom, Icel. lOmr."] An
aquatic, web-footed northern bird.
Loop (15op), n. [Cf. Ir. & Gael, htb loon, bend, tub
to bend.] 1. A fold or doubling of a threoa, rope, etc. ;
an eye, as of metal ; a staple ; noose ; bight. 2. A small,
narrow opening ; loophole. 3. A curve in the form of a
loop. — r. t. To make a loop of or in ; to fasten with loops.
Loop'Of , n. 1. An instrument, as a bodkin, for forming
a loop m yarn, cord, etc. 2. Larva of a geometrid moth.
Loop'llOle' (-ii910. n. 1. A small opening hi the wall
of a fortification, ship, etc., for firing at an enemy. 2. A
hole giving a passage, or means of escape or evasion.
Loose (I5o<i), a. [Icel. lausjf ; akin to AS. lehn false, O.
los loose, and E. lose.^ 1. Unbound ; untied ; nOt fastened
or confined. 2. Free from constraint or oblie^tion. 3- Not
tight or close. 4. Not dense, compact, or crowded. 6.
Not precise or exact ; vague. 6. Not strict in mattei^ of
morality. 7. Unconnected ; rambling. 8. Lax : not cos-
tive. 9. Dissolute ; unchaste ; obscene, —r. /. 1. To un-
bind : to free. 2. To disengage ; to remit. 3. To relax ;
to make less strict. — Loooeay, adr. — LooeO^W, n.
LoOfl'eil (lods^'n), r. /. 1. To make loose ; to free
from tightness or fixedness ; to make less dense or com-
pact. 2. To set at liberty. 3. To remove coetivenese-
from. — r. i. To become loose, or less tight, firm, etc.
Loot (I55t), n. [Hind. /tU.] 1. A plundering. 2.
Booty taken in a sacked city. ^t». /. A i. To plunder.
Lop (IBp)f V. t. [Prov. O. luppen, htbben, to cut, geld.]
1. To cut off (the top or extreme part) ; to remove (su-
fin, recent, 6rb, r^yde, fyll, ftm, food, fcTot, out, oil, otaair, go, sing, i^k, then. Chin.
22
LOPE
338
ijBiBliuui puts). 1. To cat partly off and bend down
(boflbM in ft hedge, ete.). ^n. That which ia lopped. ^
r.4 To hang downward. — a. Hanging down
LaM(lSp),v. i. [See Leaf. 1 To move with a lope. —
M. A bone's eaqr gait, oooaiatuig of long running atridea
orleapa. iU.SJ [bangdown.1
hom^mnt^ (Ite^VrdO, a. Having eara which lop or|
L0»'ild'«d(-«id7hl),a. [Ix>p -k^ tide.^ 1. Leaning to
one «de. 2. Unbalanced ; pooriy proporUooed.
Lo^TM'CtoW Qt-kwi'shlU), o. [L loquax^ -aeU,
fr. loqui to q>eak.] 1. Given to continual talking ; nr-
mloaa. a. Apt to bUb. — Ii»«iui'olODS-l7, a</r. — Lo-
tia^dWM— M. L*^IIAOl-ty (-kwiaa.tj^), n.
Bjn, — Oarmloua : lalkative. Bee O Amaruyoa.
Lovi (Wrd), n. [AS. klqford, for hla/treard, bread
keener ; Mi/ loaf -f weardian to take care of, to ward.]
X. One having power and authority ; a master ; ruler ;
prince ; pcoprtetor. 2. An Eogliah titled noUeman. 3. A
hnaband. 4. The Supreme Beimr ; Jehovah. 6. The Sa-
vior ; Jeaoa Christ, ^v. i. To domineer.
LortltBg (-ITng), n. A Uttle or insignificant lord.
Lortly, a. 1. Suitable for a lord ; noble. 2. Proud ;
iaaoleat. — adv. In a lordly manner. — LortH-BflM, n.
Syn. — Haughty ; arrogant. See Imfbbiocs.
Lort'llUp (-ahTp), n. 1. State or condition of a lord ;
(with kU or your) a title applied to a lord (except an arch-
bishop or duke, who Is calkMl Orace) or a judge (in Oreat
Britain), etc 2. Seigniory ; domain. 3. Dominion.
Lon (19r), n. [AS. lir, fr. IMran to teach.1 1. That
which ia or may be learned ; knowledge gained from tra-
dition, bo(^ or experience. 2. Wiadom ; counsel.
LorOMtU' (lOr'nySf ), n. [F.] An opera gU^a.
Lo-ir^ (Id-riOU), ft. [L., coraeletl 1. An ancient
cuiraas. 2. Lute for protecting cbemiBts* veaaela from
the fire. 3. Shell of an infusonan or rotifer.
nLan-aila(15r^-ki't4),n.p/. [NL. SeeLoucATB.]
(a) A suborder of edentates, covered with bony plates,
including the armadillos. (6) The crocodUia*
LQr^.4Mlt* (-kit), V. t. [L. lorieare^ -catum^ to clothe
In mail, fr. lon'ca.j To cover with some protecting sub-
stance. — a. Covered with a shell or exterior plates. — n.
An animal covered with bony scalea.
Larl-€ft1lon, n. A loricating ; protecting substance ;
covering of scales or plates. [solitary ; bereft I
Lon (16m), a, [Strong p. p. of Loss.] Forsaken ;i
LOM (IC5«), r. t. [imp. & p. p. Lost (15st) ; p. pr. &
tb. n. LoaiRO (ICftsTng).! [Afi. lotian.l 1. To part with
onintentionaUy or unwillingly. 2. To cease to have. 3.
To waste ; to squander. 4. To miss ; to go astray from.
6. To ruin ; to destroy. 6. To cease to see or know the
whereabouta of. 7. To fail to obtain, enjoy, or win ; to
miss. 8. To iwevent from obtaining. — r. i. To suffer loes,
disadvantage, or defeat ; to be worse off. — Los'tr, n.
LOM (18s)« n. [AS. /o«, fr. U6mn to lose.] 1. A los-
ing ; failure ; destruction ; privation. 2. That which is
kwt ; waste ; — opp. to gain or increofe. 3. The being
lost or destroyed ; wreck of a ship. 4. Failure to gain,
win, or use well. 6. Killed, wounded, and captured per-
sons, or captured property.
Syn. — Privation ; detriment ; injury : damage.
Lost (18st), a. 1. Parted with unwillingly or uninten-
tionally ; not to be found ; missing. 2. Not gained or
won. 3. Wasted ; souandered. C Unable to find the
way ; perplexed. 6. Ruined ; past help or hope. 6. Not
perceptible to the senses ; no longer vidble. 7. Occupied
with something, so as to be insensible of external things.
Lot (19t), n. [AS. Mot.] 1. That which happens with-
out human design ; chance ; fortune ; fate. 2. Anything
(aa a die, ball, or aMp of paper) for determining a question
by chance. 3. The fate which falls to one. 4. Portion ;
number of Uilngs taken collectively. 6. A plot of land.
6. A large quantitv ; a great deal. [Coffog.}
Loto (13t), n. [L. fohui. Or. Aiortk.] A large tree
of southern Europe. Called also nettle tree.
LOW
aBth),a.,etc Loath, «tc
■I (IS^shttn), a. [L. Utio, tr. lovore, lotuwh to
SeeLAVB.1 11 A washing. 2. A prepantkn far
bathing an injured or diseased part.
Lol« (19^), ». Lotto.
LolM (IS'tos), n. Lotua.
homn-J (Uk^rj^), n, [Lot^ .«yy, aa in brewery,
bindery.] A distributing prues by lot or *^ni**
LoeiO (-t<), a. [F. Mo or It. lotto, prop., a lot.] A
game of chance, played with numbered carda.
LolV (IS^Hs), n. [L. lotusj Or. Amt««. Cf. Lon.1
(a) A water lOy of several kinds, one species of whicb
was fabled to make strangers forget tbdr native conn^.
(6) The lote, or nettle tnt. (e) A genua ol legnmlnoaa
planta reaemUing dover. [Written also iofOf.T
Load (loud), a. [AS. MM; akin to O. lawt, L. -dm-
lus, in ine/tt/tutf incfthu, renowned. Or. KXtnit loud, (a-
mona.] 1. Having a strong sound ; noi^. 2. Clamor-
oua ; boisterous. 3. Ostentatious ; gaudy. {Sltma} ^adr.
With loudness ; loudly. — Lo«d'^, adv. -liodKMn, it.
Syn. — Noisy; boisterous; vodferoos; vehement.
Loogk (I5k), n. AlochorhUie.
LoVBfO (lounj), r. i. [OF. longis, lonfin.'] To spend
time lasuy ; to stand, sit, or rfcline, indolentlv. — ». 1.
An idle gait or stroll ; place of lounging. 2. A aofa,
upon which one may reclme. — LoVB'Cor (loun'jir), a.
Lo«M (lous), a. ; pt. Lkm (Ik). [AS. Uu, pL If*.} 1.
A small, wingless, suctorial, parasitic in-
sect. 2. An aphid, or plant louse. 3. A
small crustacean parante on fishes.
Lowi^ (lous7), a. 1. Infested with
lice. 2. Mean ; contemptible. IVulgar}
— L01IOl-MM,n.
Lost (lout), H. A clownish, awkward
fellow. — Lostlik. <r.
Lom'TOr ) (IsyvSr), a. [OF. torer,
Lom'rrt i lovier ; Pouvert tlie open-
ing, ouvrir to open.] A small lantern
or cupola, to afford light and air.
L0T'A-1d0(lBv'4-bn),a. Having qnal-
ities that excite love ; worthy of love. «-_^ Tv«.«« / r^.
LO¥'««t (-4JJ, *. [F.WrJcAe.J An ''TgJi^ iSv
umbelliferous |uant need in medicine aa Muchealanecd
an aromatic stlmulsnt.
LOTt (Ittv), n. [AS. tn/o, iM/u ; aUn to L. lubel, Hbet,
it pleases.] 1. Strong attachment ; devotion to another ;
tenderness. 2. Passionate affection for one of the oppo-
site sex. 3. Courtship. 4. Affection ; kind feelicf ;
friendship ; fondness ; good will ; — opp. to MaU. 6.
Due gratitude and reverence to Ood. 6. The obiect of
affection. 7. Nothing ; no points scored on one side.
Lovs i^ls, the tomi^. — Lovs Urd. a parrakeet showing
great affection for its mate. — love iMSt, a religious f esti-
va], held quarterly by some relijrious denominations. —
Lovs knot, a knot or bow, as of ribbon ; — a token of love.
— Lovs tetter, a letter of courtship.
8yn. — Affection ; tendemees ; fondneaa : delist.
— r. t. [AS. /ti/Ton.] 1. To regard with affection.
2. To ref^utl with psaaionate affection, aa that of one
sex for the other. 3. To have strong liking for, or in-
terest in. » r. t To be in love.
LOTOlMS, a. 1. Void of love. 2. Unattractive.
LOTt'loni' (-lOmOt a. Forsaken by one^s love.
LOTOlF, a. [AS. tunic.} \. Having such an appear^
ance as excites love : beautif uL 2. Lovable ; amiabla.
3. Very pleasing. ~ LOTOll-MM, n.
8yn. — Beautiful ; delightful ; lovable ; amiabla.
LoT'tr (liiv'Sr), n. 1. One who loves; one in love.
2. A dear friend. 3. One who has a strong llldng for
anything, as books, science, or music.
LoTt'--slok' (-*TkOt a. Languishing with love or
amorous desire. — LoTO'-fllek'llOMi, n.
LoTflllC-ktlldlieM (IBvTng-klnd'nfc), n. Tendv
regard ; mercy ; favor.
Low (15), V. i. [imp. & p. p. LowSD (IW) ; p. pr. &
E, «, 1, 5, a, kmg ; ft, e, 1, *,«, t. short ; senate, «vent. Idea, 6bey, finite, cAia, Mrm, *ak, §11, fino*
LOW
339
LUG
vft. M. LowDW.] [AS. hldwan.} To nil like borine ani-
maU ; to moo. ^n. Galling ■omtd of cows, etc.
Ia0fW(15),a. [OE. totr, rouh, lah, loeL lagr. Sea 2d
Lol] 1. Oocopving an inferior position or place ; not
high or eloTatea ; (Mpreaaed. %. Near the horison. 3.
Beneeth the usual rate or ordinanr ralue; moderate;
cheap. 4. Not loud. S. Depressed in the scale of mu-
sical sounds ; grave. 6. Made, as a vowel, with a low
poeitioo of part of the tongue in relation to the palate ;
as, i (Km), K (|^). 7. Near the equator. 8. NumerlcaU v
small; as, a low number. 9. Depressed; dejected.
10. Humble in rank. 11. Mean ; base. 12. Bubmis-
sive : humble. 13. Deficient in vital energy ; feeble ;
weak. 14. Moderate ; not intense ; not inmunmatory.
IS. Not rich, high seasoned, or nourishing ; plain. — n.
The lowest trump in a game of cards. — <idv. 1. In a
low podtiim or manner ; not on high ; near the ground.
S. Under the usual price ; cheaply. S. In a low or mean
condition; humbly. 4. In time approaching our own.
S. With a low voice or sound ; gently. 6. With a low mu-
aieal pitch or tone. 7. In subjection, poverty, or disgrace.
-/ (lybiMO, a. Rude ; vulgar.
nbk' (•«hQrch'), a. Putting a low estimate
on eccleaiast.ioal forms ; —applied to Episoopalians, and
oppw to high^hurch,
laOW'tr (IS'Sr), a. Compar. of Low, a. — r. /. 1. To
let descend by its own weight ; to let down. 2. To depress
or make leas elevated, f. To reduce the degree, inten-
sity, strength, etc., of. 4. To humble. 6. To reduce in
value, amount, etc ^r. ». To fall ; to sink ; to decrease.
Low'tr Hon'Sr), r. i, [Cf. D. loeren, O. Uxuem to
lurk.] 1. To be dark and gloomy, as clouds. 2. To
frown ; to look suUen. — n. A frowning ; sullenness.
IflOWor-CftM' (IS^r-kas/), a. Pertaining to, or kept
in, the lowercase ; — used by printers to denote the small
lettera, in distinction from capitals and small capitals.
Low'or-IIMStM-mQitO, a. Lowest.
Low'tr-y (lou4lr-j^), a. Cloudy ; gloomy ; lowering.
laOW^f (ISTng}, n. The calling sound of cattle.
Lswlasfl (-land), n. Land lower than the neighbor-
ins country ; level country ; — opp. to highland.
LOW^nMS, M. 1. The being lowly ; humility. 2.
Low condition, esp. as to manner of life.
IflOW-U^td' (-UTdO, a. Like one bred in a low and
vulgar coniitioo of life ; mean ; contemptible.
Lowly, a. 1. Not high ; not elevated in place ; low.
2. Low in rank or social importance. S. Not lofty or
sublime. 4. Having a low esteem of one^s own worth ;
humble.— (ufv. 1. Meekly; modestly. 2. Meanly.
Low'-aMlBtd' (-nSkt/), a. Gut low in the neck ;
d^collet^ ; — said of a woman^s dress.
LowfBSW, n. State or quaUtr of being low.
LoW-prWS«rt (-pzCsh'vr), a. . Having, employing,
or exerting, a low degree of pressure.
L0W^-qilrtt-«d (-spTr'Tt^kl), a. Deficient in anima-
tion and courage ; dejected ; depressed ; not sprightly.
Laro-tframio (ISks^d-drSmak), a. [Or. Ao^k sUnt-
Ittg -\- ip6uot course.] Pert, to sailing on rhumb lines.
Ln'O-drOOllW (-Iks), n. Art or method of saUing
oo the lozodromic or rhumb line.
I^al (loi'al), a. [F. ; L. UgalU, fr. lex, UgU, Uiw.]
1. lUthf ul to law ; upholding the lawful government
or sovereign ; unswerving in allegiance. 2. Gonstant ;
faithful to a leader, cause, or principle. — Loy'^-ly, ndv.
— Uof'al-maam, n. — Loy^al-ist n.
Loy'al-ty,». [T. loyauti.'\ The being loyal
fidelity to a superior, or to duty, love, etc.
Syn. - Allegiance ; fealty. See Allboxahos.
LoirOBn (ISa^nJ), n. [F. lotange.}
figure with four equal aides, having two acute
and two obtuse angles ; a rhomb. 2. A small Lozenge.
oake of sugar and starch, flavored, and often medicated.
LtflKbar (mba>>r), n. a heavy, clumsy, awkward fel-
low ; a sturdy drone ; a down.
[iOy'U-ly, adv.
loyal; /\
LAHOS. X^ )
acute V
Ua/bnAw (lfibn)8r-iy), a. Like a lubb«r{ dmni^.
'^adv. Awkwardly; clownishly.
La'brt-oant (lu'brT-kont), a. [L. IvbriecaM^ p. pr. of
lubricate to lubricate.] Lubricating, ^n. That which
lubricates ; a substance, as oil, grease, plumbago, etc,
used to reduce friction of the working parts of machinery.
LvnUl-cato (-kit), r. L [L. luMeare, -coftuM.]
1. To make smooth or slippery. 2. To apply a lubri-
cant to.— LalUl-MlllOll, n.— LnnM-OA'tor (-ki'tSr), a.
La-1ntel-ty (Ifi-brTsa-ty), n. [L. lubrieiias.) 1.
Smoothness; freedom from friction. 2. Slipperiness ;
instability. 3. Lasciviousness ; lewdness; incontinency.
Lalni-OOaB (-brT-k&s), a. [L. luMeus.'} Slippery.
Ln'otnt (-aent), a. [jj. lucent, p. pr. of luccrg to
shine, fr. lux, lueu, light.} Shining; resplendent.
La'0tni(-a8m).n. [F.7iisem«.] A leguminous plant,
cultivated for fodder; — called
also alfaija.
Lupoid (lu'aTd), a. [L. /ueitf m,
fr. lux, lueit, Ught.] 1 Shining;
bright; resplendent. 2. Glear;
transparent. 3. Presenting a clear
view; easily understood. 4. Bright
intellectually; not darkened by ,
delirium or madnees. — Lll'Old-
ly, adv. — Ln'oldrBflM, La-old'-
I-ty (-sTd1-ty), n.
Syn. — Bright; clear; sane. See
LUIOHODB.
Ln'ol^er (lu'sT-fSr), a. [L.,
bringing Ught, n., morning star,
fr. lux, luci* + /crre to bring/)
1. Yenus, when momii^ star. 2.
Satan. 3. A friction match.
Ln'ol-fani (-fOrm), a. [L. lux, lueit -\- '/orm.'\
ing the nature of light ; resembling light.
[Akin to -- • • " •"
Lucern iJfeJieago «a.
fiva), reduced.
Hav.
LQOk(mk),n.
^D.luktQ.glUck.} That which
happens to a persooi ; chance ; one's habitual fortune.
LoiOklMS, a. Having no luck ; unpropitions ; unlucky.
Laok^, a. 1. Favored by luck ; fortunate. 2. Pro-
ducing good by chance, or unexpectedly ; favorable. —
Lookl-ly, adv. — Lookl-BflM, n.
Syn. — Successful ; fortunate ; proeperoos ; saspicious.
Lll'oni-tlT» (lu'kri-tTv), a. [L. lueraHvut, tt. lucrari
to gafai, fr. lucrum gain.] Tielding lucre ; profitable.
Lo'ore (-kir), n. [F. ; L. lucrum.^ Profit ; riches.
La'oa-lmte (-kft-brit), v. i. [L. lueubrare, -Itraium,
I work bv lamplight, f r. /m* llgP "
to studv by night. — v. t. To <
to work by lamplight, f r. lux light. ] To study by a lamp ;
to study by night, — r. /. To eUborate T • • - - ^
or by laborious endeavor.
I by night study
La'oa-lmtlon, n. 1. A lucubrating ; nocturnal study ;
meditation. 2. That which is compoeed by night, or pro-
duced in retirement ; literary composition.
Ln'OO-lMIt (-Imt), a. [L. lucideniui, fr. Iu9, /ucif.]
1. Lucid ; transparent. 2. Clear ; evident ; luminous.
La'dl-onMUl (-dT-krfis), a. [L. ludicru*, or ludiccr,
fr. ludu* play, sport, fr. ludere to play.] Langfaable. —
LVdl-eronfl-ly, adv. — Lu^dl-orwig — , n.
Stu. — LuDicBous ; Lauohablb ; RmicuLous ; sportive ;
burlesque ; comic : droll. — We speak of a thii« as ludU
crout when it tends to produce laughter ; as laughable
when the impression is stronger: as ridiculout when
contempt Is nungled with the merriment created.
Luff (Ittf ), n. [OE. lof, prob. , a sort of paddle ; of. D.
loef luff, loeven to lufr.1 (a) The side of a ship toward
the wind. (6) The sailing a ship close to the wind, (e)
The roundest part of a ship's bow. {d) The forward or
weather leech of a sail, esp. c/l the jib and other fore-
and-aft sails. —V. i. To turn the head of a veaasl to-
ward the wind ; to sail nearer the wind.
Lvff (Ifig), n. rSw. luqg f orelockj 1. The ear, or iU
lobe. iScot. & Prov. Eng."] 2. That which projects
like an ear, esp. that by which anything is supported,
carried, or grasped. 3. A projecting piece in machinery
Ifra, reo«nt, 6ft, nida, f^ Ikm, fdbd, fdbt, oat, oU, ohalr, go, sins, Ink, then, thli^
LUGGAGE
340
LUSTFULNESS
cumbrotu ; a trareler**
to which Mnythfaig is attaclied, or againit which anything
bearst or through which a bolt
paaaestotc 4. The leather loop
by which m wagon ahaft It held
np.^v. /. [Sw. lugffa to pull
by the hair, fr. tugg.} To poll
forcibly ; to haul ; to drag along.
Lnrgag* (iftg'gtj; 2), n.
That which it lugged ; anything
trunka, baggage, etc.
Lng'ger (-gSr), n. A email Toaael having two or three
maats, and a running bowsprit, and carrying lugaaila.
Log'ull' i'tSl' ), n. Square sail bent on a yard hanging
obliquely to the maat and raised or lowered with the sail.
Ln-gnOM-om (ltt-gii'brT-&a), a. [L. lugubrU, it. lu-
gere to mourn.] Mournful ; doleful.
mto^wami^(luk^wymOi o. [Luke-^ prob. fr. OE. leto
tepid.] Moderately warm ; tepid ; not zealous ; hidiffer-
ent. — LvlWwaxiiily. adv. — hukuhirarmfuaaB, n.
Loll (1111), r. /. [AkintoOD./u//<»n.] To cause to rest
by soothing influences ; to calm ; to quiet. ^v.L To sub-
aide. — n. Temporary cessation of storm or confusion.
Lllll'A-bT (l&Pi-bi), n. A song to quiet babes.
Lum-lM'gO (Ifim-b8'g6), n. [L., fr. Inmbut loin.]
Rheumatic pain in the loins and sinall of the back. —
Lnm-lMlg'l-nOllS (-bXjT-niis), a.
LomlMir (lAni'Mr), I a. [L. lumbus.'\ Pertaining to,
LumlMd (liim'bfil), S or near, the loins.
Lumlier. n. [Prob. fr. Lombard^ the Lombards being
the money lenders of the Middle Ages. A lumber room
waa orig. a Lombard room, or room where a pawnbroker
stored his pledges.] 1. Old or refuse household stuiT;
things bulky and useless, or of small value. 8. Timber
in the form of beams, joists, boards, planks, stavee, etc.
[CT. i9.1 — V. /. 1. To heap together in disorder. 2. To
encumber. — 1>. i. 1. To move heavily, as if burdeued.
8. To cut logs in the forest, or prepare timber for market.
IU.8.'\ — LnmlMr-er, n.
sr room, a room for storing unused articles. [U. S.\
Mr waooB, a rough wagon, without springs.
llmr-mg, n. The business of cuttlne or getting
timber or logs from the forest for lumber, [f/. S.\
" '^ 1 incumbering, [t'. 5.]
LnmlMr-maii. n. One
Lalnl-IUI-ry (lu'mT-nt-rj^), n. [F. luminairt^ L. lu-
minart^ It. lumen ^ luminis^ light, fr. lucere to shine.]
Any body that gives light, esp. one of the heavenly bodies.
wml-nifer-OIIS GnTf^r.&s), a. [L. lumen -\- -fer-
otM.] Producing, yielding, or transmitting light.
lall'Bll.llOiui (-nd)), a. 1. Shining ; emitting or reflect-
ing light. 2. Illuminated ; full of Uglit. 3. Enlightened ;
intelligent ; clear ; intelligible. —Lnlnl-IIOIIS-ly, adv. —
La'ml-iioiiB-natti, Ln'ml-nMl-ty (-uSsa-tj;'), n.
Syn. — Lucid; clear: shining; perspicuous.
Lump (IBmp), n. [Cf. OD. {om/>« piece, mass.] Small
maaa of matter. — p. /. 1. To throw into a mass. 2. To
take in tlie ffroas ; to speak of collectively.
Lnmp'lsn, a. Like a lump; inert; grosa; dull;
apirltles*. — LllBiplBb-ly. adv. — Lmnp'lldl-IMMI, n.
hmaj/J, a. Full of lumps, or Riuall compact masses.
Ln'lia-oy (lu'ni-sj^), n. [See Lunatic. 1 Insanity or
madness ; — formerly supposed to be mfiupnced by
chnntres oif the moon ; mental derangement or alienation.
Syn. — Derangement ; craziness ; mania. Bee Imsaiott.
La'kiar (-nSr), a. [L. lunaris^ fr. luna
the moon.] 1. Pertaining to the moon.
8. Resembling the moon ; orbed. 3. Meas-
ured by the revolutions of the moon.
Lnliate (-ntt), ) a. [L. hmohtf,
La'na-tad (-nt-tSd), ( Ir.hwa.l Cres-
cent-shaped.
Lnlia-tiO (-n4-tYk), a. [F. hinntigue, t „__». T^«f
L. Innatirtts, fr. lunn.-] 1. Affected by ^""'** ^"'•
Itmacy ; insane ; mad. 2. PertaininR to, or suitable for,
an insane person. ^ n. One affected by lunacy ; madman.
htsns!* mud TTrtft ftf ^mn f#r|i tmta
Ln-BA'tlaB (It-nl'Bhfin), ». Period of a aynodic revo-
lution of the mo<ni ; time from one new moon to the next.
LliBOll(ltinch),ii. Luncheon.— r.i. To take luncheon.
Lonoll'eOB (-lin), n. A portion of food taken at aiqr
time except at a regular xnoaL
LaiM (lun), n. [L. luna.'] A figure in the fonn of a
crescent, bounded by two intersecting arcs of drclea.
La-nattO' (Ift-nSf), n. [F., dim. of lune moon, I*
luna,} 1. A field work conMsting of two faoea, forming
a salient angle. 8. A convexo-concaTe lens for ipeclaclea.
3. A surface or part of semicircular form.
LllllC(liing),n. [AB. fun^] Oneof tbetwoorganaof
respiration in au air-
brr-ithiniar Emtina].
tuniT.-(l nuiy Iroin the
muJiJt'.^ Yiiit, wilh the
pericttnlluiii K&d 'at i*'
mcv*d to "Imw tfkchtart
a II IfifM-r mitd I^iwtt
Lo!m-. ^,^ Ia'U l.uiijr I
bbi l-piH-r.MiJdlt, und
Lowtr lAlln^M rif Itijht
LuniT t c ■Windpirw ar
int'j li niiiif hi E'lilnu: III
Ri)j:hLkiiii].(fLl.LmL'j 4
Ri^t.t Auricl'p i * HifM
VcTktnck r f i.cft Auri-
rU ; if J.cft \'t'n-tr3f]* i
h r .Hu[vtr!(ir ftiid lulf H^^r Vrno Ckw\ i i .KixM nf Ap*** 5 / IH-
•cniillriif A'Jflu J *» Piilnmaur* Ar[»*n i tr ] cfl ruhrij^nary
an- 1 llri'ju-^^iK.
Langr^Oi^O^^"' [AL-M^ft^xrltfcnif;^.] A ntiddAj thmst,
as wjUi a ftW^jTd.'^r. i. To thrtnt.
LalBl-fonil (lu'nT.f8rm), a. Shaped like the moon.
La'ni-SOOar (-aSnSr), a. [L. luna -f E. toiar.'\ Re>.
sulthig from united action of sun and moon.
La'nn-lar (-u(il2r), a. Shaped like a crescent.
La'plne (-pTu), n. [L. lupinus.l A leguminous plant
having edible fieeds. ^a. Wolfish ; ravenous.
II La'plUI (-pii^), n. [L., wolf.] A cutmeona disease,
sometimes eruptive, sometimes ulcerous.
Lnroh (Idrch), n. [Cf. W. llerrh. Here, a frisk.] A
sudden roll of a ship to one side. — t*. i. To roll or sway
suddenly to one side.
LorOB, r. i. To lurk ; to dodge ; to shift.
Luroh'tr, n. l. One that lurches or lies in wait ; one
who watches to pilfer, betray, or entrap ; a poacher. 8.
A dog of a mongrel breed which hunts game silently, by
scent, and is used l^ poachers.
Lure (lur), n. [F. leurre.} 1. A contrivance used by
falconers in recalling hawks. 2. An enticement ; decoy.
—v.t.& i. To entice ; to attract.
Lnlld (lu'rTd), a. [L. /urt<ft/«.] Pale yeUow ; ghastly
pale; wan. [of sight.!
Lmll (IQrk), V. i. \. To He fan vrait 2. To keep out|
Lva'clOIUI (l&sh'tis), a. [Prob. for lustiout^ it. Iu9hf^
or perh. comip. of luxuriou*."} 1. Sweet; delldons;
excessively rich. 2. Cloying ; fulsome. — LlU'dOUMy.
adv. — LllS'oiolll-lieMI, n. [juice or succulence. |
LaBh (IKsl)), a. [Prob. abbr. of lu»ciaM.'\ Fnll of |
Lost (Ittst), n. [AS. ; akin to OS., D., O., & 8w. f««r,
plensnre, longing.] 1. Longing deaire ; eagerness to
enjoy. 2. Licentious craving; sexual appetite. ^r. i.
To have an e^ger, inordinate, or sinful denre, as for grrati-
fication of sexual appetite or of oovetousness.
Llls'tMr ) (ina'tJr), w. [L. lustrumJ] A period of five
Lai'tre l years ; lustrum.
LllS'ter, ) n. [F. hu^lre. It. luttro^ it. L. tuttrtrre to
LllS'tro, t purify.] 1. Brilliancy ; splendor ; glitter.
2. Renown ; jrlory. 3. A candlestick, chand<>lier. etc.
Lllst'fDl(mst'ful),<7. 1. Excited by lust. 8. Exciting
lust ; sensual. — Losttnl-ly, adr. — LllStflll-IICW* n.
8yn. — Sensual : fleshly ; carnal : {nordinat4« : licen-
tious ; lewd : uncliaste ; impure : libidinous ; lecherous.
a, S, 1, 5, a, long ;&,«,!, 5, fi, f, short ; senftte, tvent, tdea, Obey, finite, e4re, Itrm, Aak, nil, flaaL
LUSTILY
341
MACARONIC
Lu^ly (Ifis'tT.lV). adv.
Lns^BflM, n. Viffor ; al
In a liuty maittier.
- , r ; strength.
Lnstnl (-tral), a. [L. Iwlraiu, f r. /ux/rum.] 1. Pert,
to purification. 2. PerUiiniug to a lustrum.
Loslnte (>trat), V. /. [L. lustrare^ -Iratum^ to lua-
trmte, fr. lustrum,'] To punly. — Los-tra'tlOll, n.
Luatn (-tSr), n. Luster.
Lutrlac (-trTng), n. [F. lustrine^ It. tuslrinOy fr.
iHstrare to polish. L. /u«/rar«.1 A gloosy silk fabric.
LmtrmUi (-trCls), a. Having luster; ahfning ; luminous.
Lnsmm (-triim), n. 1. A lustration or puriBcation,
esp. the purification of the Roman people, made by the
cenaora once in fire years. 2. Hence : A period of Ave
years. [robust ; able of body. I
Lnify (IBst^)t a. Exhibiting lust or vigor ; stout ; |
Ln-ta'tloil (Id-tS^shBu), n. [L. Ititare^ lutalum^ to
Blight] "^
bedaub, fr. lutum mud, clay.l A luting
Lat* (lut), n. [L. luium.\ A cement of clay, etc.,
for sealing joints in chemical apparatus, or coating tlie
bodies of retorts, etc., when exposed to heat ; — called
also luting. — v. t. To close or so^ vdth luts.
LVU, n. [F. luth; fr. Ar.
aCud ; al the -\- "Od wood, tim-
ber, lute or haip.] A stringed
instrument of tne guitar kind.
Ln'tlMr-ail (lu'thSr-an), a.
Pert, to Martin Luther; adher-
ing to the doctrinee of Luther.
»>». Member of the Lutheran
Church.— La'tlMr-an-lim. n.
Ln'llMini (-th^m), n. LP>
hicnme a dormer, garret whi-
dow, L» lucema lamp, fr. lu-
ctre to be clear, f r. lux lig
A dormer.
LtttlniClilt^ng),!!. Lute, Lute,
a cement.
Lnz'At* (laksOLt), V. /. [L. luxare^wny to dislocate. ]
To put out of joint ; to dislocate. — Lu-A'tlon, n.
LnZ-Qll-ftllt (Ittgs-u'rT-ant or Ittks-), a. [L. luxuri-
ans^ p. pr. of luxuriare. Bee Luxubiatb.] Exubecaut
in growth ; rank ; excessive ; very abundant. — Lnz-Q'-
li-anM, Lnz-ii'ri-an-oy, n. — Lnz-all-Aiit-ly, adv.
IrflZ-a'lrt-At* (-it), r. {. [L. buuriare^ 'Otum.] 1. To
grow to superfluous abundance. 2. To live luxuriously.
—Laz-ii'n-Atloo, n.
IriUi-a'ri-<NUh a. Pert., or ministering, to luxury. —
Lvs-ifkl-oiii-lT, adv. — Lnz-ali-oiiB-iieM, n.
LWE^-ry (mVshu.rj^), n. [L. luxuria.'] X. Free in-
dulgence in costly food, dress, furniture, etc. 2. Any-
thing eostlv and hard to get ; an expensive rarity.
8tii. — Voluptuousness : epicurism; effeminacy; ften-
■aUity; lasciviousness ; dainty; delicacy; gratification.
Ly-C^'mi (It-sS'llm), n. [L. ; Or. Aviccioy, named after
the temple of 'AroAAMf Avxeioc Apollo the wolf slayor,
fr. Avicoc wolf.] 1. A place near Athens, where Aristotle
taught, philosophy. 2. A place for instruction by lec-
tures. 3. European high school, preparatory to the uni-
versiW. 4. An association for literary improvement.
Lydl-UI (ITdnr-an), n. Pert, to Lydia, in Asia Minor,
or to its inhabitants ; soft; effeminate;— said esp. of one
of the ancient Greek modes or keys, having musio oi a
soft, pathetic, or voluptuous character.
Ly« (H), n. [Written also lU and Uy.1 [AS. U^h.']
Caustic alkaline solution of potassium salts, obtained by
leaching wood ashes. It is used in making soap, etc.
Lympll (ITmf), n. [L. lympha.} 1. A spring of wa-
ter ; pure, transparent liquid like wate^'. 2. An alkaline
colorless fluid in animal bodies.
Lym-pbatlo (ITm-fSt^k), a. Pert to, containing, or
conveying lymph, ^n. One of the absorbent vessels,
whicli carry lymph and discharge it into the veins.
Lyncdl (ITnch), v. /. To punish without forms of law,
as when a mob hangs a suspected person.
J^fwch law, an inflating punishment for offenses, with-
out process of law, — sua to be named from a Virginian
named Lynch, who took the law into his own liands.
Lynz (ITnks), n. [L. /t/nx, lyncU, Gr. Avy^.l A noc-
turnal feline animal, havuig usually a pencil of hair on
the tip of the c
Csnads Lynx (Felis Canadeiwu).
Lyu'-eyad' (-itV), a.
Ly^on'nsdse' OPt^nXz')^ a.
Lyons.] Applied to boiled potatoes cut into small pie
and heated m oil or butter, and usually flavored in
Having acute sight
[F., fem. of lyannaia of
lieces
with
onion and parsley.
Ly'rate (li'rfit), \a. [NL./yro/tM. SeeLv**.] 1.
Ly'ra-tea (-ri-tSd), l Lyre-aliaped, or spatulate and
oblong, with small lobes toward the base.
\ 2. Shaped like a lyre, as the tail of the
\ blackcock, or of the lyre bird.
/ Lyre(lir), n. [F. ; L. /j^w, Gr. Avpa.]
'^ ^. . . y 1. A stringed instrument ^
^^ of mu&ic ; a kind of harp
. f / used by the ancients. 2. i
C / S A northern constellation ;
^ r y^ the Harp ; Lyra.
W ^ I^Ts bird, an Australian
b/ bird of the genus Menura^
f the male of which has six-
* teen very lone tail feath-
Lyrate I^af. «" which, when spread,
take the form of a lyre.
Lyrlo QTrnfk), a. [L. hjHeus, Gr.
Avpiicdf.] X. Pertaining to a lyre or harp.
2. Fitted to be sung to the lyre ; appro- Lrro {Mw.\
priate for song ; — said of poetry express-
ing the individual emotions of the poet — n. 1. A lyric
poem. 2. A verse of the kind usually employed in lyric
poetry ; — used chiefly va pi.— Lyrlo-al, a. — Lyrlc-
al-ly, adv. [a lyre or harp. I
Lyrtm (lirTi'm), n. [Gr. Avpc9)»^. j AplajringonI
Lyrist, n. [L» lyri^f*."] A player on the harp or
lyre \ composer of lyrical poetry.
M.
■ OSm), n. A quadrat ; type whoae face Is a square, —
onlt of measurement for a given type. [Written aJso em.]
■a (mii). n. A ohild^s word for mother.
■a'am (m&m or mftm), n. Madam ; my lady.
I (mSk-Sd'am-is), V. <. [Ft, Macadam^
who introduced the process Into Great Britain.] To oovw
(a road) with small, broken stones.
Mao'A-nKlll (mft'i-rynT), n. [ProT. It] 1. Edible
paste, made chiefly of wheat flour. 2. A fop.
HaCA-nm'io (-jSnIk), a. [F. maearonique.] 1. Pert.
fim, recant, 6rb, r^de. f^^ Am, food, ftfbt, out, oil, ebahr, (o, alnc iQk, then, tliiii.
i
MACAROON
to nMCWoni ; mixed ; Jumbled. 2. Pert, to the burieeqae
oompoaitiOD called macaronic. -»fi. 1. A heap of thinga
— confusedly mixed ; a jumble.
i 8. Burleaquecompoaitionf in
I which words are formed by
adding Latin terminations to
other roots.
■M'A-nMm' (mSk'4-
rS&n'), n. [F. macaroHj fr.
MacasonlI a snuUl cake,
composed chiefly of the white
Lir Jh^, EVF-niTitt- tive name hi the Antilles.] A
fta). large American parrot hav-
ing a rery lon^ tail, strong
hoolird but. Larsh voice, and brilliant colors.
K&Cca 1>07 (mlknd^boi), ) n. [Fr.adis-
Hao'co-bof (-k«-boi}, ) trict in Mar-
in k i 4 I u^ . i^ 1 1 r re it is maae. ] A kind of snuff.
BUlOO i 1 1 > I < ), n. [L. maciSt macir. ] A kind
of frpicr, w li...4e aril partly covers nutmegs.
[OF.] 1. A club of metal ;
«|jj ke^) clii I'j . %. Btail carried as an ensign of
Autbority. 3. Officer who carries a mace.
4^ A tiMl U*r playing billiards, pushed with
Mso'w-JiM (mis'ir-it), r. /. [L. mace-
rnret -mtum,] 1. To subdue the appetites
of, by scanty diet. 8. To soften, or separate the parts of,
by steeping hi a liquid. — Hao'tr-Allon, n.
Maoh'l-A-TellUI (m&k'T-i-vSl'yan ; 26), a.
[Fr. Maekiavel, an Italian writer.] Pert, to Machi.
avel, or to his supposed principles ; politically cun-
ning; crafty. — HMlia-a-Ttl-lm (mlkT-A-vei-
Ts'm), Kadl'KA-TellUI-lm (vSKyan-Ti'm), n.
Mm1i1-O0-U1I0I1 (mJQL'T-kd-lS'shOn), n. [Ety.
uncertain.] Opening in a parapet, etc., for mi»>
sUea. See Castls.
■aiflll-BatS (-nit), V. i. & t. [L. machinari,
-IMI/1M. Bee BlACHiNB.] To pUn ; to contrive art-
fully ; to plot. — HMhl-lM'tor (mikT-na'tSr), n.
■•ohl-lUlftSoil, n. 1. A machinating. 2. A
device ; treacherous scheme ; artful plot.
Ha-ohlBt' (mArahSnO, «»• [F-, fr. L. tnaehina
machine, engine, device, Or. iirfxayi^^ fr. iiiix<K
expedient.] 1. An engine ; a combination of bodies so
connected that their force and motion may be transmit-
ted Mid modified ; a construction for production of me-
chanical work. 8. One who acts at the will of another.
9. A combination of persons acting together for a com-
mon purpose, esp. for selfish or partisan ends. [Polit-
ical Can/I 4. Supernatural agency in a poem. — v. t.
To effect by aid of machinery.
■a-olllB'or-y, n. 1. Machines collectively. 8. Work-
ing parts of a machine, engine, or instrument. 3. Con-
trivances for producing the conclusion of a fictitious nar-
rative. ' 4. Means to effect a desired result.
■a-Oldll'Ist, n. 1. A constructor of machines and
engfaies. 8. One skilled in the use of machine tools.
iUok'tr-«l (mSk'Sr-<l), n. [OF. maqnerel, fr. L.
macftla a spot.] A very active oceanic food fish.
Maeksrsl sky, a sky fiecked with small white clouds.
■ttOkin-tMll (-Tn-tSsh), n. [Inventor's name.] A
waterproof outer garment.
■aofro-OOam (-r^-k5s*m), n. [Macro- + Or. it6viiot
the world.] The great world ; that part of the universe
exterior to man ; — contrasted with microcotm^ or man.
■aHHrom'e-tor (mi-krOn/t-tSr), n. [Macro- -f -meter.']
Instmment to measure inaocemible objects by reflectors.
■a'aran (mSncrSn), n. [NL., fr. Or. ^eurp^f long.]
A mark [ - ] placed over vowels to indicate a long sound.
II Mao^-U (mik'tt-Ii), n. [L., spot, blot.] A spot, as
CO the akhi, surface of the sun, etc.
Mace,
342 MAGIAN
Mao^-Uftt (mik^-lSt), V. /. [L. maeulart, -iatum.}
To spot ; to blur. — (-Itt), a. Blotched ; impure.
■•O'llla (-01), n. [F.] Ablur.^r. /. Tobhir.
■ad (mid), a. [AB.oemed.l 1. Disordered in Intel-
lect; crasy; insane. 3. Excited beyond self-control.
3. Proceeding from, or indicating, madness ; prompted
by infatuation, fury, or extreme rashness. 4. Kxtrav-
agant; immoderate. 6. Furious with rage, terror, or
diMaee; having hydrophobia ; rabid. 6. Angry; oatol
patience; vexed. [CoUog.'l^v. t. To madden.
■ad'am (mtd'am), n. A gentlewoman ; — a courte-
ous form of address to an elderly or a married lady.
II Ma'dama' (mA'dimO, "• ; pi- Mbsdavis (mt'dimO.
[F., fr. ma my (L. mea) -f ttame dame.] My lady ; — a
French title for married women.
Mad'oap' (mid'kftp'), a, 1. Inclined to raah amuse-
ments. 8. Wild; reckless. — n. One of wild behavior.
■ad'dan (mld'd*n), r. t. To make mad ; to erase ; to
enrage. —r.t To become mad; to act as if mad.
■ad'dor (-dSr), n. [AS. mwdere.} A pUnt whoaa
root is used in dyeing red, In forming pigments, etc
■ada (mad), imp. Scp.p.ot Makb. — o. Artificially
produced ; pieced tcgether ; formed by filling in.
mti-&all^{mk4VTk',Pa.mi^4Et-H),n, Arichwino
made on the laland of Madeira.
II ■a'da-mol'aeUa' imk/d*mmit/ai'), n.;pl. MnDuoi-
SSLLU (mt^-). [F., fr. tna mv, f. of mon -f tUmoiselle
young lady. See Daicbbl.] A French title of courtesy
given to an unmarried lady, equiv. to the Engliah Miss.
■adIunUM' (mid'hous'), n. An insane asylum.
■adiy , adv. In a mad manner ; wildly.
WUA'miak (-man), n. A lunatic ; craxy person.
Mad'Maa, n, 1. The being mad ; insanity ; lunacy.
8. Frenxy ; ungovernable rage ; extreme folly.
Syn. — Derangement ; lunacy ; mante ; frenxy ; rage ;
aberration ; alienation ; monomania. See ImAinTT.
■a-dOBlia(mA<]5n'n4),n. [It., my lady.] A picture
of the Virgin Mary (usually with the babe).
llHad're-po^(mid/rt-pQ'rA),ii. [NL. Bee Maiuo-
roRK.1 A genua of reef corals
abundant in tropical seas.
■ad'Ta-pon (-p5r). n. [F.. i
perh. fr. madrt spotted -f- port.] '
Any coral of the genus Madre-
pora ; stony coral.
Mad^-cal (-rT-gol), n. [It.
madrigaleT] 1. A little amorous
poem. 8. An unaccompanied
song, in four or more parts. ^'^Jk'- ''^
Baal'Strom (mil'strOm), n. 4 ^"^U
[Norw., a whirlpool.] 1. A whirl- '^ ?^1
rl on the coast of Norway.
kn irresUtible attraction. Msdrepors (Jf. nrolifera)
l!Ha-«mo (mli-ts'trft), n. SL "^™*^ *"** "' *
[It, fr. L. magister.-] A master "«»«»•
in any art, esp. in music ; a composer.
■ara-Sllia^ (mig^i-OnO, n. [F. maffatin, fr. Ar.
almakhsan stordiouse.] 1. Receptacle for storing any-
thing. 8. Place for keeping pow«]er in a fortification or
ship. 3. A chamber in a gun holding cartridges to be
fed automatically to the piece. 4. A pamphlet pubUabed
periodically containing miscellaneous compositions.
■a('da-l«l(-d4-l«n),i«. [Ft. Uwy Magdalene. See
Ijuke vii. S6.] A reformed prostitute.
■a-ganta (ro4-j&/t4), «i. An aniline dye having a
green broose surface color, which dissolves to a shade of
red ; also, the color ; — named fr. the battlefield of Ma-
genta^ in Italy. CsUed alwo fnehsine^ roa^ltu^ etc
[w. morof, pi. mo^iod, worm
I larra of a fly. S. A whim ;
II Ha'Kl (mi'JDTn. p/.' [L., pi. of Magus, Or. Miyev.l
A caste of priests and mafficians, among the ancient
Persians ; Oriental sages. — Ma'gl-ail (-{T-an), a. & n.
teniay m luuy. v^niieu aisor
■argot (mlf'KAt),*!. [II
ft grubTj 1. The footless U
wld fancy. — ■ag'gOt-y, a.
E, B, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, C. 1, 5, ft, % abort ; amdte, <vent, tdea, 6bey, <lnlte, c4re, Mnn, Aak, f^n, final.
MAGIC
343
MAIL
mcnt oz 1010617: having ezti
■igflo^at a. — Hacio-Al-ly,
Magio (bdKKTk), f». [OF. magique, L. maffiee^ Or.
futyuni (to. Wx*^), fr. iMyucdft fr. May^O Pretended
•apernatnml arts, including enchantment, conjuration,
witchcraft, loroery, necronumcy, incantation, etc.— a.
1. Pert, to the hidden wisdom of the Magi ; reUting to
th» occult powers of nature. 2. Performed by enchant-
ment oz sotoerr; having extraordinary properties. —
"^ — il'ly, adv.
_ . . >)« n. One skilled in magic ; an
•nchanter ; necromancer ; sorcerer or sorceress.
■•CiS-t«1A-al (mijas-tS'rT-al), a. [L. magUteriu*.
SeellABTBi.] Pert, to a master or magistrate, or one in
anthori^ ; official ; authoritative ; dictatorial ; dogmatic.
— ■Agis-te^-al-ty, adv. — Hac'ls-t*^Al-iie0s, n.
Syn. — Maoibtbsial : Doomatical : AaaooAvr; au-
tbwitative ; stately : august ; Dompous : dignified ; lofty ;
commanding ; imperious ; loralv ; proud ; haughty ; domi-
neering ; despotic. — One who u magisterial assumes the
air of a schoolmaster toward his pupils ; one who is dog-
matical lays down his positions in a tone of authority or
dictation ; one who it arrogant insults others by an otfen-
" 1 of superiority.
. jy (-tr*-s]^), n. 1. Offloe or dignity of a
2. CoUeotlve body of magistrates.
» (-txtt), n. [L. moffistratusy fr. magister
master.] A publio civil ofBoer ; an officer invested with
the executive government, or a
imii^maL CUMTla (mig'ni kkr'U). [L., great char-
) executive government, or some branch of it.
iHag'MimMil^Cmig'nikkHU). [L., gre
ter.] 1. ThejOrei^ Charter, obtained \f y^^ English
bardu from King John, a. d. 1215. 8. A fundamental
eoDstitution which guaranties rights and privileges.
■aS-BIBI-BKNUI (-nin^-miis), a. [L. magnaninwu ;
wtagnut great -f- animus mind.] 1. Great of mind : ele-
vated fan sentiment; above what is ungenerous; >x>ura-
geoua. 2. Honorable; not selflsh.—Maf-lMltl-IIMNlS-ly,
adv. — HAflUI-lllnil-ty (-n4-nTma-t|), n.
■afloat* (-nit), N. [F. magnate L. (pi.) magnates^
it, magnus.\ A noble ; person of distinction.
■aS-Ba'Bi-A (mIg.nS>shT.4 or -shT^i), a. [L. ; Or.
i| HLmffT^a At#oc a magnet. Gf. Maohbt.] A light
earthy wliite substance, used in medicine as a mild ant-
acid Uuative.— ■ac-na'alaB (-shon or -shan), HAf-
M'llo (-sTk or -sTk), a.
■ai-BA'fel-vm (-shT-iim or -shT-Om), n. [NL. & F.]
The indecomposable metallic base of f the oxide) magne-
sia, which bums with a blinding light (maanesium light)^
used in signaliiM, in pyrotechny, and in photography.
MtffMC (-nM), a. [OE. Si OJF. magnetfy L. magnes^
jmetis^ Or. MoyiorriC AiAk a magnet, prop., Magnesian
fr. Or. ikayv^vim. a country in Theasaly.] 1. The
, a q^es of iron ore which attracts iron and,
when freely suspended, points to the poles. 2. A bar of
steel or iron having the prcqperties of the loadstone.
■ag-aatiO (-nSt^k), lo. 1. Pert, to, or having,
Hag-BttllHll (-T-luil), I properties of the magnet
2. Part, to the earth*s magnetism. 3. Susceptible to
magnetism. 4. Able to excite the feelings and affec-
tions; attractive. — Haf-netlo-al-ly, ndr.
■ag-Bttlda, N. Science of magnetism.
■ag'lMt-lsai (mIg'nSt-Ts'm), n. 1. The being mag-
netic ; manifestation of magnetic force. 2. Science of
magnetio phenomena. 3. Power of attraction ; power to
exdte the feelings and gain the affections.
■ag'lMt-lSt, n. One versed in magnetism.
Hag'Btt-iM (-is), V. t. \. To communicate magnetic
nx^Mrties ta 2. to attract like a magnet ; to move ; to
Influence. — ■af^ntt-l'IMr, n.
MarBtt-»-7lM-tllO'l-ty (mig/nSt-i-S'iek-trts^.ty),
». 1. Electrlcitv evolved by action of magnets. 2. Sci-
eooe of the dev<«1opment of elfctricity by magnets.
■aSfBtt-€ai':-t«r (-Smt-t^r), n. [Magneto- -\- -me-
Ifr.] instrument for measuring magnetic forces, or de-
termining terrestrial magnetic elements.
mu(AnfAA» (mig'nT-fF4-bn), a. Such as can be
magnifled, or extolled.
Mmg-nWUi (mlg-nTfTk), a. [L. magnifieus ;
great -{-fucere to make.] Grand : splendid ; mai
Hac-ldfl-Otllt (-T-s«nt), a. 1. Doiug grand
i; magnificent.
^ , _ _ grand things ;
dindaying great power. ^' Grand in appearance ; splen*
did. —■af-idfl-otiit-ly, adv. — Hac-nm^MOoa, n.
Syn. — Glorious; majestic; sublime. SeeGaAMD.
Ha^lll-ty (mIg'nT-ti), v. t. [See Maomitic.] 1. To
make great, or graater ; to enlarge. 2. To increase the
importance of. 3. To exaggerate. — v. t. To increase
the ai^parent dimensions of objects. — Mair'Bl-fi'ar, n.
Hac-all'O-qiMllt (-nTl'6-kwrat), a. fL magnus -\-
loquensy -entis, p. pr. of loqui to spesJc.] Speakiug
pompously ; bombastic. — Hag-llllf 0-mMBM,
ttag^tude (-uT-tud), A. [L. magnitudOf fr.
magnus.}
1. Extent of dimensions ; sixe ; — applied to things hav-
ing length, breadth, and thickness. 2. Greatness ; gran-
deur. 3. Importance.
Mac-BO'll-a (-n5nT-4), n. [NL., fr. Pierre Magnol, a
French botanist.] An American and Asiatic tree, with
aromatic bark and large sweet-scented flowers.
Hai'pto (mig'pi), n. [OE. magot pie, it. Mag^ equiv.
to Margaret^ and conunon name of the
magpie.] A European, American, and
Asiatic bird aUied to the Jays.
■ac^oay (mig'wi ; 8p. mi-g£t), n.
[SpJ Century plant, a qwdes m Agave.
■ a 2 ' y a r
(mig'y&;i7tiny.
raOd ' y5r ' ) , n.
[Hung.] 1. One
of the dominant
people of Hun-
gary, allied to
fS J;" n VuiSj Earopesn Hsgpie iPica piray.
rian. 2. Theunguage of the Magyars.
II Ha-lia-ralall (mi-hii-rttOK). *»• [Skr. mah&raia ;
tnahat great -|- rqja king.] A sovereign prince In India ;
—a title given also to other persons of high rank.
WUhfd (mS'dt), n. [Ar., guide, leader.] Among
Mohammedans, the last inutm or leader of tlie faithful.
MaM'-atlok' (mlU'stTkO, n. Maul-stick.
Ha-lMg'a-liy (mi-hSc'i-nj^). «. [South Amer. name.]
1. A large tree of tropical America. 2. The reddish brown
wood of this tree, very htfd, beautifully veined, and used
in manufacturing furniture.
Ha-taQOk'ad-an (-hRrn'M-on), I . i*«i..«.«^.„
«a-hom'at-aii(-«t-«n), ' }"• Mohammedan.
II Ha-llOBf (m4-hoot0, H. [Hind, mahdwat; fr. Skr.
mahat sfnat -f- matra measure. ] Keeper of an elephant.
■aid (mid), n. [Abbr. fr. maiden.} 1. An unmarried
woman ; girl ; virgin ; maiden. 2. A female servant.
■ald'an (mi'd'n), n. [AS. msegden, dim. of mseg9t
fr. mago son, servant] An unmarried woman ; virg^ ;
maid. —a. 1. Pertaining to maidens ; suitable to a vir-
gin. 2. Never havingbeen married ; not having had sex-
lul intercourse. 3. Fresh ; hitherto unused.
MaSfl'tn-liatr' (-htr^), n. A fern having very slender
graceful stalks, common in the United States.
■" •7eil-ll00d(-hd6d),n. [AS. rnxgdenkad.} 1. The
maid; virginity. 2. Kewness; freshness,
i'tn-ly, a. Like a maid; gentle; modest; re-
served. ^ adv. In a maidenlike manner.
r'ant (-sSrWont), n. A female servant.
(mi'MnO, n. Maim ; mayhem.
(mil), n. [F. mailte a ring of mall, mesh, net-
work, fr. L. mactda spot, a mesh of a net.1 1. A flttrible
fabric made of metal rings interlinked, and formerlv used
for defensive armor. 2. A defensive covering. 3. A hard
protective covering of an animal, as the scales of reptiles,
shell of a lobster, etc. ^ r. t. To arm with xoaiX.
Mall, n. [OE. Si OF. male bag, trunk, roail.1 1. A
bag or bags of letters, papers, etc., conveyed under pub-
lic authority from one post ofBce to another ; convejranoe
being a
tirxky recmit, 6rb, r^da, f ^, ftm, fcTod, fc»bt, out, oil, cliair, yo, alng, i||k, then, thin.
MAILABLE
lad deUrerj of mail matter. 8. That which
throu|di the post office. » v. I. To deliver into the cua-
tody Of the post office for tranamiiwion by mail ; to post.
njl'a-bto (mil'4-bn), a. Fit to be aeut by maU.
mSbH (uiani), r. /. [OF. mahaignier, LL. maheminre ;
akin to £. mangle to lacerate. Cl. Mayubm.] 1. To de-
prive of the uae of a Uiub. 2. To mutilate ; to diaable ;
to impair. -i»n. [Written in law laugmm[e moiAcm, and
tnaj/hem.] [OF. mehaing.'l 1. Privation of tlie use of
a member of the body. 2. Uutilatioo ; deprivation of
aometbingeaaeutial. See Mayhem.
Syn. —To mutilate : mangle ; cripple.
Main (man), n. [F. main band, L. manus.'^ 1. A
bapd or match at dice. 2. A match at cocktighUng.
■bllB, n. [AS. nuegen miffbt, power ; akin to E. may, v. ]
(a) I'he high sea ; ocean, {b) The continent, aa diittiug.
fr. an island ; mainland, (c) A principal duct or pipe. ^
a. Principal ; chief ; flnt in size, rank, importance, etc.
Main brace, (a) The brace resiating the chief strain, lb)
The brace attjiclied to a ship's main yard. — ICaia deck,
the deck next below the spar deck ; the principal deck.
Arn. — Principal ; chief ; leading ; cardinal ; capital.
■alnland' ( -lAud^ ),n. The continent ; principal laud ;
— ^^ *® M/«rn</, or peninsula.
ly, adv. Principally ; chiefly.
'~ ~ It' (-mist/), n. The principal maat in a ship.
/ (min^ail' ; among seamen miu^s'l), n. The
principal sail in a ship or other veaael.
Mam'ipiiaji' (-H>rTngi), R. PrincipiU spring Ui a
piece of mechaniam, esp. the moving spring of a watch
or clock ; most powerful motive ; efficient cause of action.
MalB'lUy' (-staO, »• 1- S^y from the foot of tlie
foremast to the maintop. 2. Main support.
MalB-tain' (mt»tiu'), r. /. [F. wfiinlrnir to hold by
the hand ; main liand (L. mantis) -j- F. tettir to hold (L.
tenere). ] 1. To hold or keep in any particular condition ;
to support. 2. To keep posseasion of ; to hold and defend.
3. To supply with what is needed. 4. To affirm ; to
support by' argument. — HAiil-taill'ar, n.
Svn. —To assert ; vindicate ; allege. See AsssaT.
KfMU'te-IUIIIM (min'tt-nans), R. [OF.] 1. A main-
taining; support; defense; vindication. 2. Means of
sustenance ; supply of necessaries. 3. Officious inter-
meddling in a legal cause depending between otliers.
Kaln'tSP' (-t^p'), n . Phitf orm at the head of the main-
mast of a square-riggad vessel.
■aiie (max), n. [Sp. maiz, fr.
fnahis, in the language of Hayti.]
A large American grrass, widely
cultivated as a forage and food
plant ; Indian com. Also, its seed,
growing on cobs.
■•-|M^tl0(m4.j«8'tTk),a. Bz-
hibiting majesty ; of august dig-
nity, stateliness, or impoung gran-
deur. — Ha-|M'tilHa-ly, a dv. —
■•-iM^tlo-al-aMs, n.
Syn«— August; splendid;
grand ; sublime ; lofty ; elevated.
Mafe^ty (n.«j'8s-ty), «. [F.
majestSt L. majtxta*, fr. an old
corapar. of magnu* great.] 1.
Dignity and authority of sovereign
power ; state inspiring awe or rev-
erence ; stateliness. 2. With the
possessive pronoun, the title of an
emperor, king or queen : — in this
sense taking a plural ; a«, tlicir maj-
esties attended the concert. 3.
Dignity; elevation of manner or
style. Msiie {Zta 2fav$y
Ha-Jol'l-M (mi-jSirr-ki), n. fit.] A kind of pottery,
with opaque glaring and showy decoration.
Ha'lOr (ma'jer), a. [L., conipHr. of mngnux.'] 1.
Greater in number, quantity, or extent. 2- More ini-
344
MALEDICTION
Dortaot. 3. Greater by a nauiica) aemiTona. p*». [T.]
1. A military officer abo/e a captain and below a Uesi-
teiiaut colonel ; lowest field officer. 2* One of fim i^.
3. That premise, in logic, containing tibe major tens.
Ki^ f eaeral, an army officer in rank naat tUm teig.
adier general and below lieutenant gataenL
WU'fm-^iynM (mi/iSr-dO'mt). n, [8p. m^y^rdomt,
fr. LL. majordomus; L. major -j- ditmus house.] Oue
authorised to act aa maater of the house ; a steward.
Ha-forl-ty (mi-jSr^-tj^)* "• 1- The being major or
greater ; auperiority. (tf ) MiJitary rank of a major. (Jb)
The being of legal age. 2. Hie gneater number; more titan
half. 3* Amount by which one aggregate excaeda otherm.
HgjM (mSk), r. t. [imp. tip. p. Maob (mU) ; p. pr.
& vb. n. Maxiko.] [AS. macwn ; aJdn to O. maeken to
join, fit, prepare, make.] 1. To oauae to eaiat ; to form |
to create. 2. To cause to be or become ; to ct^Mtitate,
3. To cauae to appear to be ; to soppoae or ceprearut.
4. To require ; to compel. $. To bis changed, workad,
or fashioniMi into ; to f urulsl) material for. 6. To oonpoee,
as parts, ingredients, or materials ; to form ; to amrnint
to. 7. To reach, ^r. t. 1. To proceed; to tend; logo.
2. To contribute ; to have effect. 3. To inereaae ; to
accrue, mm n. Structure ; texture ; form. — WUtWt <>•
HAk(i'-k*-llMF«'(4)l-lSvO,ft. A feiguiug to believe;
mere pretense ; iction. ava. Feigned ; iusiuoeic.
■akf AiSt' (•ehfft'), II. A temporary expedieut.
WUkt^^'-mp' (-Qp'), n. Tlie way in which parta of any-
thing are put together, or in whioh an actor is dmsssil.
Haka^racM' (-wit^), n. Something thrown into a
scale to make weight, or added to supply a deOdeney.
iUl'A-ftllkt (mU'Arkit), n. [Or. imXixn a bmIIow,
whoae green leaf it reaemblea.] Native hydrona carbon-
ate of copper, admitting of a high poliah.
iUl'A-€dl'»«y (-k91't-jj^), n. [Gr. iimXmm6€ aeft -f
-ioffu.l Science of the structure and habits of molluaka.
fUl'td-mlll'ls-timtlra (milld-mTn'Ts-trS'shttn), n.
[Mai- 4- administrafion.] Bad administration; bad
management of any busineas, esp. of public affairs.
Mfl'a-Aroir (-i-droitO, a. [F.] ~
; awkward; unskillful.
Rererae of adiolt;
clumsy ;
Hal'a-dT (-*rd|^), n. [F. maladie, fr. matade 01, aick.
fr. L. malt habtlus, ill-kept, not in good condition.]
A disease proceeding from defective or morbid organie
functions ; a lingering or deep-eeated disorder.
Syn. - Sickness : aUment : illneaa. See Ddkajib.
I' Halalsa' (mA'ltxOi.N. [F., fr. mal 111 -f aise eaae.]
An indefinite uneasiness, or being Kick or Ul at eaae.
Hal'a-poit (mll'&-i Srt), a. [OF., unskillful, ill-bred ;
mal -f apert open, adroit, intelligent, L. aperius^ p. p.
of anerire to open.] Bold ; forward ; saucy ; pert.
■al-ap'ro-pos' l-Ii 'r6-p&'), a. & adv. [F. mal h
propos; mal -|- h propo* to the purporc.l Unwsaaon»
able or unseatfonably ; unsuitable or unsiiUably.
Valar (ma'lSr), a. [L. tMoM cheek.] Pertaining to
the region of the cheek bone. — n. The cheek bone.
■a-la^-a (in4-)i'rT-4^, n. [It., contr. fr. mala atirt
bod air.] 1. Air infected with some noxious subf tuner ;
niisMma. 2- A morbid condith<o produced by exhala-
tions from decaying vegetable matter, csuslng (eyer and
ague, etc. — Ka-UM-U. Ma-la'Kl-Mia, ft,
BUl'OOn-teilt' (mll'kSn-tfut/). p. [F., fr. mal -f ren-
tent.} Dissatisfied. — n. Oqe discontented; a discon-
tented subject of a government.— ■al'QOB-ttpt'atf, a.
Btele (mal), a. [OF. masle^ masefe^ fr, h. maseitlus^
dim. of mas n male; perh. akin to E. man.'] Pert, to
the at'x tliat begets young; not female. — n. 1. Animal
of the male nex. 2- Plant bearing only staminate flowera.
Mal'e-dto'tlon (mXrt-dTk'shiin), n. [L. malediciio :
male ill -f dicere to say.] A proclaiming of evil against
Ronie one ; a cursing ; — opp. to benediction.
Syn.— Maleoictioh: Cursb: iMPKiCATioir : Exaci|A-
TioN ; cursing : denunciation ; anathema. — Maledtrtien
denotes bitter reproach, or vtishes of evil. Curse Impliee
£i 8, 1, 5, a, long ; ii, 6, |, 5, A, f, short ; seoEte, dvent, tdea, Obey, dnite, oftre, iMiB« uak, f^Il, final.
MALEFACTOR
345
MANAGE
thrmt of •Til.
•Kicomininio-
Til, 4edai«d in Um molt so
. ^ is the pmyiBK down of evil
Execration is a putuns uuder tlie ban <rf
tloo, a cune whicb «ZA*ludes from the kiugdooi of &od.
WUL^9-hUftOr (iuIl'«.:Sfc't2r), n. IL. ; inaie -\- facere \
to do.] An eril doer ; one subject to public pumJahiueut.
Srn. — Eril doer ; criininal ; culpift ; f elou ; convict. ,
■ft-leT'04aat (mi-Wv^fi-lrut), a. [L. maleroUtu, -ten-
tit ; male -^ volenti p. pr. of rtUe to wish.] Wialiiog evil ;
rvloicinf in another's miaforUuie. — Ma-t>f^O laBt4y,
Otf «r. — ■A-toT'O^tBM, » . '
BfD. — ni-diapoeed : niriUcioas ; maMcnaot ; rancorous.
■al-teafSUlM (mSl-le'z/im), ». [f. malfaisance;
nud -^/aisatU doing, p. pr. of /<fftrf to do.] Tlie doing
of an act which one ought not to do ; an illegal deed.
WUL'tttmn^tlmL (-fViuI'shlin), n. Ill formation ;
irrefuUr or anomaloits foriaatioo ; abnormal structure.
■lllM (mSl'Ts), n. [F. ; f r. L. malitia, f r. mnlns bad.]
X. Eamity of heart ; maliguaut design. 8. Wicked inten-
tion of tlM wind ; wanton disregard of the rights of otlters. |
Hju* — Maucb ; Malbtolcncc ; IfALiotriTY ; Mauo-
VAWcr ; spite ; ill will ; grads:e ; plffue ; bitterness ; aoi-
DKMitjr : maliciouanMs; rsneor : nrutence. — Jiaiire is a
■trottger word than malev/jirtuv, which may imply only a
doaire that evil may befall auotiier, wliile tnaltct '
bring It about. Mailigtiltu {a
Ka-iroiMHKini-lfsh'&f),
,. would
is intense inaiice.
, }), n. X. Indulging or exercis- I
inj| malice. 2. Proceeding from hatred or ill will. 3.
wkh wicked motives ; done inteutionslly without excuse.
— WU-W€tan»4f, adv. — Hi-U'oloiif'nMs , n. i
9jtk, — ni-disposed ; evil-minded ; mischievoui ; envi-
CMw; malevolent; invidious ; spiteful ; bitter ; mMiffnuut. i
m%-Ug9^ (^n^)* a. f L. tmilignuM ; maiut -*~ root of |
genus birth, kind.] 1. Evil dispose toward others ; ma- i
levotent ; spiteful ; -^ opp. to beni^rn. 1. Unfavorable ; '
pernicious. — r. t. To apeak great evil of ; to asperse.
llft-llr'BWIrOy (-ITg'mni-if ), n. 1. The being malig- i
nant ; mtter enmity ; malice. 2. Uufavorableness ; evil I
nature. S. Virulence ; tendency to a fatal i»sue. I
Arn. — ICiliie ; malevolence ; msUgnity. Bee Malicb.
■ta-lif^naat) a. 1. Disposad to malign, liann, or dis- ■
tfoas; bent on evil. 2. Pernicious. S. Tending to
produoo daath; virulent. ^ 7i. A min of evil inten-
tions. •>Mt-UrBftat47, o^f.-Mi-Urnlty (-nl-ty), n.
Srn. — Sae Maucb.
llft-ligB'ar (-litter), n. One who maligns.
■t-lla'gir i-Wgirh r. L To act tlie part of a ma-
Ungerer ; to feign illness or inability.
■irlte'gMr-^r (-<r), n. [F. malingre sickly ; mat ill
-f- OP. keingre infirm, fr. L. <uger.'\ A soldier who feigns
sickness ; one who sfairlu duty by pretending inability.
■ftll40n (mjai-x*n), n. [OF. tmilei^on, L. male^
dieiioA Malediction ; eurse ; execration.
~Illl (rani), n. [F. muH, L. malieiu.] 1. A mallet;
1. 2. An old game played with mails or mallets and
L 3. (mil) The place where mall was pi lyed ; a
1 ahaded walk. — v. t. To beat with a mail ; to maul.
HftllflTfl 'mSiMird), n. [P. malart,
fr. mn^f mnf,-^ = -art = -ard.] 1. A
{tmlci'. 2. A lirtTB wild duck of Amer-
l> s und Kiir-t^ie,
Mmllfl^ bU I ll-A-bn), a. [P. maU
IfitMt', fr LL tfi't'leareto liainnier. See
Mallbate.] Capa-
ble of being ex-
tended or shaped
by beatinit with a
h a m in e r, or by
preasure of rollers ;
— applied to roet-
als.^MAn«-A-
1il«-iie0S, BUl'l*-
A-bUl-ty. n.
IUia«-«te (-5t),
r. t. [L. malleatun
hammered , f r. mal-
lovoli
Mallard {Anas butchas). Male.
r.] To tuMBmer; to bent Into a pinto or
leaf. [the ear. Bee Eab.j
NVall«-«t(mlin«-lls),«. [L., hammer.] A bone of i
IU11«C (-Wt), n. [P. maUtft, dim. of nutii. Bee BIaix. J
A small maul ; a light beetle used in playiiv croquet.
HaHmt (46), in. CAS. m4^/(re.] ApOnrthaT^
WUlli&wn {-tttyy i mucilaginous qualitiea.
lUhBfmfr (mitn'sf ), n. [F. matroi*ie.-\ A twMft
wine from Crete, the Canary Islands, etc.
BUl-praoHoo (mn-prflcais), n. Evn practiee; im-
moral conduct ; bad medical or surgicad treatmaut.
Halt (uiftlt), n. [AS. meaf// akin to £.01^//.] Onun,
steeped in water ami dried in a kiln, forcing germlnatioii,
and evolving a saccharine principle ;— umo in brewiug
and distilling. — a. Pert, to, containing, or made with,
malt. — r. r. & i. To make or become malt.
Hal-teM' (mul-tSs' or -tSs'), a. Pert, to Malta. — n.
sing. & pi. A native, or the peonle, of Malta.
Msltsss eat, a mouse-colored vanety of the domestic cat.
BUl-tSVai' (mUtrStO, r. t. To treat Ul ; to abuse. —
BUl-tnatiMBt, n.
IUl-TA'oeO«l (-vi'shBs), a. [L. malrfteeus^ f r. mnlra
mallows.] Pertaininf to a natural order of plants of
wlilch the mallow is the type, and including the cotton
plant, hollyhock, abutilon, baobab, etc.
Bbd'Ter-flAllOll (-\Sr-8E'Kh&n), n. • [P., fr. maherser
to be eorrapt in otdtXy f r. L. male ill -}- rrrsari to occupy
one*s self, rertere to turn.] Evil conduct ; fraudulent
practices ; corrupUon or extortion in office.
Haoi-IM', Ha-flUI' (mi-mM^ or mK'u.4), n. [Rednpl.
fr. fmi, influenced by L. mttmrna breast.] Mother; — a
word of tenderness and familiarity.
HaoilMI (mSra'mi), n. ; pi. Mamils (-mS). [L.,
breast.] A mammary gland ; breast ; ndder ; bag.
Mam'BUll (-mal), n. [L. mammaliSt fr. momma.']
One of the Mammalia.
II Ham-flUlli-A (-minT-4), n. pi. [NL., fr. L. mam-
malis.} Tlie highest class of Vertebrata, whose young
are nouriahed by milk secreted by the mammary ghuide
of the mother. — Mtm-iaAll-MI, a. [breasta. I
-ry (raSm'ro4-ry), a. Pert, to the maromv or |
-fer (-mT-fSr), ». [NL.] A mammaL
j'tr-om (-mTfJr-fis), a. {Mamma -f- -/pr-
ous.} Having breasts ; pertaining to the Mammalia.
11 Mam-inlUa (-mTI'la^ ». [L.]^ A nipple.
Mam'tall-U-I7(-niTl-lt-rj^),ff. Pertainii '
the mammilla, nipple, or brea&t.
MamlnOD (-mttn), ». [L. mammonay Or. iiapLfunt^t
riches.] Riches : wealth ; the god of riches.
Ham'lllOtll (-mOth), n. [Ruse. m6mont.'\ An exthiet
hairy, maned elephant, of enormous sise. -* a. Girsntic.
mm (mftii), n. ; pi. Mbm (infin). [AS. nuin ; akin to
OHO. man, 6. mann.l 1. A human being;— opp. to
betiitf. 2. An adult male person, as distiug. fr. a woman
or child. 3. The human race : mankind. 4. Mide por-
tion of the human race. 5. One having the distinctive
qualities of manhood. 6. An adult male servant • vas.
sal; subject. 7. A married man; husband ;— correla-
tive to «?(/"«. 8. One, or any one, indefinitely. 9. Piece
used in playing certain games.
Man of war. in) Warrior : soldier, (b) Ship of war.
— r. /. 1. To supply with men, or with a sufficient force
of men for management, service, defense, etc. ; to guard.
2. To furnish with strength for action ; to fortify.
IHan'A-Ole (mSn'A-k'l). n. [F. mnnicle sort of glove,
manacle, L. manimln a little hand, dim. of montMhand.j
A handcntf ; shackle for the hand or wrist ; — usually in
pi. — r. /. To Imndcuff ; to shackle.
BUn'Afe (-tj), r. t. [P. mafi>gfy It. maneggio^ fr.
maneggiare to manage, fr. L. mff»w«.] 1. To have under
control ; to conduct. 2. To guide by careful treatment.
3. To treat carefully ; to htisband. 4. To bring about ;
to contrive. ^ r. i. To direct alTalrs.
gyn. — To direct ; govern ; control ; order ; transact.
lining to, or like.
fim, raoentf 6rb, r^de, fyll, firn, ftftnl, IdToty opt, oil, oliahr, ^, aln^, i||k, then, thin.
MANAGEABLE
346
MANIFESTLY
Man'ag^-A-Ue (mXntJ-4-bn), a. Such u can be
managed or used ; goveniable ; subMrvient.
Srn. — Gtovernable ; tractable ; oootrollable ; docQe.
ltail'aC0-IIIMIt, n. 1. A managing ; manner of direct-
ing or uaing, for a purpqpe ; ccmtroL 2. BuaineM deal-
ing ; negotiation. 3. Judicious uae of meant to accom-
pllab an end ; akillful treatment. 4. CoUective body of
those who direct any enterpise ; board of managers.
Syn* — ' Conduct ; administration ; government : direc-
tion ; guidance ; care ; charge ; contrivance ; intrigue.
Man'A-ver (-t-jSr), n. 1. One who manages ; a con-
ductor or director. 1. One who conducts affairs fru-
gally ; good economist. 3. A contriver ; intriguer.
Han^A-te*' (-A-tS'), n. [Fr. native name in Hayti.]
The sea cow, found in tropical waters, and hunted for its
oU and flesh. [Written also fnanaty^ manati.'l
Ameriefn Msnstee {T. ifmeriomw).
tlMan-tfa^lUI (-dS'mlis), ». [L., we command, fr.
mandare to command.] A writ issued by a superior
court and directing some inferior tribunal, or corporation
or person in authority, to perform some specified duty.
MufdA-rlB' (•d4-r«n'), n. [Pg. nuindaHm^ fr. Malay
mantri minister of state.] 1. A Chinese public officer,
noMeman, or civil or military official. 8. A small orange.
Man'dA-ta-ryC-tt-rj^), n. IL. mandatarius. SeeMAX-
DATB.] One to whom a command or charge is given.
Man'date (*dtt), n. [L» man<f<i/um, fr. maudare to
order, orig., to put into one's hand ; manu* hand -\- dare
to give.] An authoritative command ; commission.
Man^-tO-ry (-d4-t6-rj^), a. [h. mandatoHus.'} Con-
taining a command ; directory, -^n. A mandatary.
Manfdl-llle (-dT-b*l), n. [L. mandibula, tnandibulnm^
it, mandere to chew.] 1. Bone of the lower Jaw ; either
Jaw in the beak of birds. 2. Anterior pair of mouth
organs of Insects, crustaceans, etc. — HaB-4ilKn-lar
(-dn/ft-Rr), a. A n.
Manfdnun (-drfk), n. [AS. mandragorn^ L. mandra-
gartu.} 1. A low plant of the Nightshade family,
strongly narcotic. 2. May apple. [U.S.}
Mui^dnl (-drSI), n. [F. fnoiMfrtn, fr. L. mamphur a
bow drllL] (a) A bar of meUl holding work in a lathe ;
an arbor, {b) The live spindle of a turning lathe ; re-
volving arbor of a circular saw. [Written also manderU.']
MJui'drlll (-drTl), n. [Sp. mandril; prob. native
name in Africa. Cf.
Dftnx, an ape.] A large
West African baboon,
having, on the aides of
the nose, large, naked,
grooved swellings,
striped with blue and
red.
Mane (min), n. [AB.
tnanu.'] The long hair
growing about the neck
of some quadrupeds, as
the horse, Hon, etc. ^ - — -
■a-nage' (ni4-n£ih'),
n. [F. manage. Bee Makaob.] 1. Art of horseman-
ship, or of training horses. 2. A riding school.
U Ha'liaa (mi'nSz), n. pi. [L.] The spiriU of the
dead, esp. of dead ancestor*.
■a-nao'Var ) (in4-noo'vSr), n. [F. manvuvre ; L.
■a-mmi'Tra i manm hand -f opria^ fr. opu* work.]
1. Management ; dexterous movement ; a military or
naval evolution. 2. Management with artful deefga;
stratagem. — r. t. Sl t. \imp. A p. p. MAjrsnrssBD
(-vSrd), or Manouybsd ; p. pr. & vb, n. MAUcmrBBiM
(-vSr-Tng), or MAKonnrRXKo (-vrTng).] 1. To chaise po-
sition for advantage m attack or defense. 2. To '^h*vn
— Ha-Dao'raf "af , Ma-maii'Tivgt m«
IHanlnl (min'f nl), a. Bhowing manUneas ; brave ;
resolute ; noble. — Manftal-ly, adv.— HaoTvl-BaaBt n.
Man'ga-liaaa' (mln'g4-u&'), %. [F. nutmgonkte;
prob. corrup. fr. L. magnet^ from its resemblance to the
magnet.] A chemical element, fusible with dUBcolty,
but easily oxidixed. [cattle, dogs, etc t
Haiisa(minj),fi. [BeeMANOT.J The scab or itch in |
Maiil;al-wiiriel ( mkn'g'i-wifr'sU ), ,
n. [Q.f corrup. fr.mangoldwurtel; man- i
gold beet -f tturzfl root.] A laive field •
beet, used as food for cattle. [Written '
also mangold-WHTtel.]
■an'tar (min'jir), n. [F. mangeoire^
fr. fnanger to eat, fr. L. mandueare^ fr.
mandere to chew.] A box in which fod-
der is placed for horses or cattle to eat.
Man'gl-aaaa, n. A being mangy.
Man'gla (mftc'S*!)* «*• '• [AS. mandan, Mange Insrct of
fa hemancian to mutUate, fr. Ij. maneus Csttle. ^Mueh
maimed.] 1. To cut or bruise with repeat- «»**'«~-
ed strokes ; to cut bunglingly ; to mutilate. 2. To injure,
fa makfag, dofag, or performing. — ■ail'slar (-glSr), n.
Man'gla, n. iD, mangel.'] Machine to smooth linen
or cotton cloth by roller pressure. -* r. /. To smootk
(damp cloth, etc.) with a mangle. — Man'flar, n,
■an'ao (mlc'gt), n. [Pg. manga, fr. Tamil mSmMf.]
1. The fruit of the mango tree, often pickled for market.
2. A green muskmelon stuffed and pickled.
Mango tree, an East IndUn tree reUted to the eaabew
and the sumac, and producfag the mango of ccnnmerce.
~~[ail'Krova (-grSv), n. [Malay manggi-manggL} A
inhabiting muddy shores of tropical regiooa, and
emitting atrial roota, which eventually
stems. The fruit has a sweet and eatable white pulpL
The bark Is astringent, and is used for tsnning leather.
WUafgf (mb/^), a. [F. wumgi, P- P* of manger to
eatj Infected with the mange ; scabby.
Man^ala' (mln^SK), %. A hole admitting a man
fato a sewer, steam boiler, parts of machinery, etc., for
cleaning or repairing.
fhooA {
(-hd6d), a. 1. The being man aa a hnnan
befag, or as distfaguished from a child or a woman. 2.
Manly quality ; courage; resolution.
■a'm-a (roi'nT-4), a. [L. ; Or. Ma*^'*t fr. |Mi»w«au
to rage.] 1. Violent derangement of mind ; madneas ;
Insanity. 2. Excessive desire ; insane passion.
Syn. — Madness ; lunacy ; frenxy. See iHSAirerr.
Ma'nl-aOi a. Raving with madness; affected with
mania; mad.»n. A nvfag lunatic; madman. — Ha-
ni'a-aal (m4-ni'4-kai), <r. — Ma-Bl'a-oal4y, adt,
Mant-eora (mlna-kur), n. [F., fr. L. manu9 hand
-f curare to cure. ] One who takes care of people^s handa.
IHanl-faat (-f«at), a. [L. mam/estus, lit., struck bv
the hand, hence, palpable ; manu* -j-fendere (fa oomp.)
to strike.] Evident to the senses, esp. to the sight ; an-
parent ; distinctly perceived ; obvious to the nnderstand-
lug ; not obscure or hidden.
8yn. — MAiornT ; Clear ; Plaxh: Obtioub : KriDiaT ;
apparent : visible : conspicuous. — What is elear can be
seen in all its bearings: what Is p/otn can be seen readily :
what is obvious lies directly in our way, and aneats oar
attention ; what is evident is seen so clearly as to r
doubt ; what Is manifeH Is very distfactly evident.
— n. A list or favoioe of a ship's cargo, containing a de-
scription of each package of goods, to be exhiMted at the
customhouse. — v./. 1. To show plainly^ put beyond
doubt. 2. To exhibit the favolcea of. — lUB^fMt-ly,
adv. — Man'l-faa-talioii, n.
8yn. — To reveal ; declare ; make known ; display.
ft, e, 1, 5, a, long : ii, fi, 1, 5, a, ^, short ; senftte, ^vent, tdea, Obey, finite, c4re, iirm, Ask, nil, fimrl.
MANIFESTO
347
[tt.] A pabUe deel>-
■ uitantioni or motlTn.
Manifold (2).
i(minOr-««^),«.
ntUm (of aprinoe, etc) showing hia
■iBl-loll (-fOld), a. [AS. maniafeaid. See BCant,
and Fold.] 1. Yuioiu in kind or qtuUitv ; many in
number ; multiplied ; complicated. 8. Exhibited at divers
tiroes or fan vanoos ways. — n. 1. A copy of a writing
made by a process wliich produces several copies simul-
taneously made. 2. A cylindrical
pipe fittmg, having a number of
Uleral outlets, for connecting
one pipe with several others. 3.
The third stomach of a ruminant
ILocat, U, 5.]— f. /. To take copies of (a
tr, etc.) by manifold wriUng. — Manl-flfldlyt adv.
asl-klll (-kTn), n. [OD. manneken^ dim. of man
l] 1. A little man ; dwarf ; pygmy. 2. A model of
the human body, made in detacbiuSle pieces, to exhibit
the different parts and organs, thefar relative position, etc
■sTbI-OO (mi^T-0k), n, [Pff- mandiocoy tt. Bras.]
The tropical plants yielding cassava and tapioca ; also,
cassava. rWritten also mandioe, manihoe^ manihoi.'\
■asl-pw (mittT-p^), n. [L. maniotUtu handful, a
certain numbw of soldiers ; manu* hand + planus fulL]
X. A division of ttie Roman army numbering 60 men ; a
small body of soldiers. 8. A napkin ; a scarf worn upmi
the left -arm of a Roman Catholic priest.
■ft-lllp'^lar(mA-nTp^-l2r),a. [L. manipularU.I 1.
Pertaining to a maniple, or company. 2. ManipuUUory.
■ft-Bl^Ut* (-lit), r. /. & i. [LL. manipulare,
•o/ttm, to lead l^ the hand, fr. L. manipultu.] X. To
treat or operate with the hands ; to handle. 2. To con-
trol ; to maiMge artfullv or fraudulently. — Ha-nip'll-la'-
tlOB, n, — mi-nip^-la'tor, n. — Ha-iilp^-U-to-nr, a.
Maa%llia'(mIn'kindO,n. [AS. moficynn. SeeKnr,
KniD, n.1 1. The human race; man oollectively. 2.
Men, as distinguished from
MaafUki^mtafUk'), a.
form or nature ; manly.
■•Illy,a. Having qualities becoming to man; brave;
noble. — adv. In a manl v manner. — ■UUlll-IieflS, n.
S71U— Bold ; daring ; brave ; dignified ; stately.
MMMfna. (mitt'ni), n. [L., fr. Or. ftA^va ; cf. Ar. mann,
prop., gift (of heaven).] 1. The food supplied to the Is-
raeutee in their Journey through the wilderness of Ara-
bia. 2. A sweetish exudati<m from several trees and
shrubs, — used in medicine as a gentle laxative.
Maafatr (-nSr), n, [F. mant^re^ fr. OF. manier skill-
ful, handy, fr. L. manuariu$ belonging to the hand, fr.
wuauuJ] 1. Mode of action ; style; form; fashion. 2.
Characteristic mode of acting; habit; style of writing
or thought of an author ; characteristic peculiarity of an
artist ; pt, deportment ; well-bred carriage and address.
3. Certain dMree or measure. 4. Sort ; kind ; style.
Syn. — Mode ; air ; look ; mien ; aspect. See Mbthod.
Man'lMr-iia (-Tz*m), n. Adherence to a peculiar
s^rle ; characteristic mode of action carried to excess.
Hl^'lltr-ift, n. One addicted to mannerism.
ManfOMr-ly, a. Showing good manners ; civil. — adv.
With good manners. — MtnTlMr-ll-BMS, n.
HjUi'nlBll (-nTsh), a. [ Jfon -f- -ishA 1. Resembling a
human being in form or nature. 2. Manlike ; masculine.
n^^wanfm (mi-nS^vSr), n. & v. Maneuver.
Wtaf^^-^ynx' (min'Sv-wUrO, n. K ship of war.
■an'or (mXn'Sr), n. [F. tmrnoir.] The land belong.
Ing to a lord ; tract of land let to ten-
ants. — Mft-BO^-al (mi-nS'rT-al), a.
Mkner house, bouse belonging to a manor.
Man'kaid roof' (min'^rd r^v).
[Fr. inventor*s name.1 A hipped curb
roof ; a roof having on all sides two slopes,
the lower one steeper than the upper.
Maaso (mln»), n. [LL. maiua a farm,
fr. L. moii«T, wwiMum, to suy, dwelL] jansard Roof.
1. A dwelling house. 2. The parsonage.
Like man, or like a man, Ui
MAP
(min'shliu), n. [OF., fr. L. mantio a stay-
ing, dwelling, fr. moKert^ matisum^ to stay, dwelL]
House of the lord of a manor ; manor house ; house ol
considerable sise or pretension.
Man'alaiigh'tor (-sl^'tSr), n. l. The slaying of a
human being ; destruction of men. 2. Unlawful killing
of a man, mthout specific malice.
Manttl (min'tn), n. [Same word as maniU a gar-
ment.] The finish around a fireplace ; shelf above the
fireplace, and its supports. [Written also manOe.l
Haiiltl-piMM' (-pis'), Maii'Ml4dMlf' (-ebOfO, Kta'-
tel-trat' (-trB'), «. Mantel.
Man-tnOa (-tTKlA), n. ^8^] l. a lady*s liffht cape
of sUk, velvet, lace, etc. 2. A veil, covering the head
and shoulders ; — worn Ui Spain, Mexico, etc.
II Mantli (min'tTs), n. [NL., fr. Or. /UU^t a prophet.]
A voracious or-
thopterous insect, ^
remarkable for its
slender grotesque
form,and for hold- .
ing its stout ante- '
riorkffs like hands
folded in prayer.
Mantle (min'- UmntiMiMantOreUgiomy. Nat size.
t*l), n. [OF. mantel^ F. mon/eoti, fr. L. mantellum
clotbf cloak.] 1. A loose outer gsjment; cloak; con-
cealing envelope. 2. (a) The external folds of the soft,
exterior membrane of the bodv of a mollusk, usually
forming a cavity inclosing the gills. (6) Any free, outer
membrane. »r. /. To cover or envelop, as with a man-
tle ; to hide. — v. i. 1. To unfold and spread out. 2. To
spread over the surface as a covering; to overspread.
2. To gather or take on a covering, as froth, scum, etc.
■anOlHI-Bttlror (mln'ty-i-mlk^r or -tu-), n. One
who makes dresses, cloaks, etc., for women ; dressmaker.
Man^-al (-ft-al), a. [F. manuefj L. manualis^ fr.
mantu hand.J Pertaining to the hand ; made bv Uie
hand. — n. 1. A book snudl enough to be carried m the
hand ; service book of the Roman Catholic Church.
2. A keyboard of an organ for the fingers, as dieting, fr.
pedals ; a clavier, or set of keys. 3. A prescribed mili-
tary exercise In huandling a weapon. — Man'tt-al-ly, adv.
MMnfU'tMH/tO-XJ (-fik't^-r^), n. A place where any-
thing is manufactured ; factory.
IHan^ll-faoaim (-tttr ; 40), n. [L. mantu -f factvra a
maUng, fr. faeere to make.] 1. The making wares by
hand, machinery, etc. 2. Anything made from raw ma-
terials, ^r. /. ^ t. 1. To make products. 2. To work
(materials) into forms fit for use. — Mail'a-taotlir-er. n.
Man'll-lllla'akMl (-mTsh'fin), n. [L. ffwintimitn'o.] A
manumitting, or liberating a slave from bondage.
Man^BUt' (-mTf), f. t. [L. manumit/ere^ -miswm;
manus -f- mittere to send.] To release from davery.
Ha-imr*' (mi-nur'), r. /. [OF. numitrrer to work with
the hand.] To enrich (land) with a fertilising subrtance.
— n. Muter making land productive.
II WUhBBOM (mi'nns), n. [L.] The distal segment of
the fore limb, including the carpus and fore foot or hand.
Han^-SOrtpt (mXn'A-skrTpt), a. [L. mann seHptug.}
Written by the hand; not printed. -^n. 1. A compo-
nition written with the hand, as dieting, f r. -a printed copy.
2. Writing, as opposed to print.
■aaz OnkQks), a. Pert to the Isle of Man. — h.
Language of thn Isle of Man, a dialect of the Celtic.
■tally (mSn^), a. or pron. [More and mo«/, used for
the compar. and superl. , are from a different root. ] [AS.
maniff.) Numerous; not few. ^n. 1. The populace;
majority of a coromnnity. 2. A considerable number.
Ha^-pIlM (-pllx), fi. Third stomach of a rumi-
nant ; — named from tto folds. See RuMlNAimA.
■a'O-rl (ml&'6-rt), n. One of the aboriginal inhabitants
of New Zealand ; original language of New Zealand.
■ap (inip)f f^ [F. mappe, f r. L. mappa napkin, slg-
fSm, reomt, ftrb* r||d«, f^ Am, Itfbd, fdbt, out, oil, ohair, fgo, sins, Ink, tbeo, Uila.
MAPLE
348
MARUNE
larff^ atork,
•. [Writteu
nal cloth.] A delineattoo of the nirfftoe of tbo Mwtb, or
of tome portioo of it ; a chart. ■■ v. t. To reprMcut by
a map; to indioata •ystomatioally ; toaketch: to phut.
Ha'pto (ma'p*!), n. [AS. mapoUUr^ mapol.] A tree
of about fllty species, nativea of many regions.
MiAle loliMM, Maple aimp, maple aap boiled to 1h^
coaaiatency of molaasea. — MapU aegar, sugar obtaiuad
from the aap of the augar maple by eraporaUou.
Mai (mKr). r. /. [AS. merran (in comp.) to obstruct.]
1. To make defective ; to deface. 2. Toapoil; to ruin,
^n. A mark or blemlah ; disfigurement.
tfara-bott' {nAvk-hsi/), i»7[F.] i. a
which fumishea plumes worn as ornaments. ^
also marabu,"} 2. One haviiu; five eighths negro blood
the offspring of a mulatto and a griffe. ll^uUiana]
Ha-raa'aiVS (mi-riU'mlU), n. [NL., fr. Or. iiapa-
<r^tf;.] A wasting of flesh without fever or appareut
diaeaae ; a kind of conaumntion ; atrophy ; phthiida.
Hft-raod' (niA-r|^'), r. «. [P. marauder^ fr. maix^nd
vagabond.] To make an excursion for booty ; to plun-
der. — Ha*ravd'«r, n.
MtrHlle (mKr'bU), n. [F. marbre, L. marmor^ fr.
Or. ftap^gpog.l 1. A massive, compact limestone, capa-
ble of being polished and used for architectural and orna-
mental pnrpoaea. 8. A thing made of marble ; work of
art, or record, in marble. 3. A little ball of marble, or
other hard substance, used as a child's plaything ; in o/.,
a game played with marbles, —a. 1. Made of, or like,
marble. 8. Cold; hard ^ unfeeling. — r. ^ To stain or
vein like marble ; to varieffate in color.
Maroh (miirch), ft. [L. Mariius mensU Mars* month. ]
The third month of the vear, containing 31 days.
Huff % I n. [F. ntarehe; akin toL. margo edge, mar-
giuj A territorial border or frontier ; confine.
■arohi V. i. FF. nuMTcher to tread, prob. fr. L. mar-
cut hammer.] 1. To move with regular stepc, as a
soldier ; to walk in a grave or stately manner. 8. To
?rooeed by walking in a body or in military order, —v. t.
b cause (troops, etc.) to move with a soldier's regtUsr
steps, or in military array, or in a body ; to cause to go
by peremptory command. — n. 1. A marching ; military
progress ; advance of troops. 8. Measured and regular
movement. 3. Distance paased over ha marching. 4. A
piece of rauaio fitted to guide the movement of troopa.
IIar'<dttoll-MUI (mKr'ahtUi-Sa), n. [LL. marcMoHitsa^
fr. marchio a marquis.]. Wife or widow of a marquis.
II Mar'dft' fnr (mir'dr grtt'), n. [F., literally, fat
Tuesday.] The last day of Carnival ; Shrove Tuesday.
Wu% (mftr), fi. [AS. mert^ fern, of mearh horae.]
Female of the horse kind.
MurtV-HMt' (mftrs'nSst^), fi. A supposed discover}-,
really a hoax ; something ludicrously impossible.
Htr'gA-llB (miir'gi-rin), n. [F. margarine. ] A fatty
substance, extracted from animal fats and vegetable oils.
MM^ny (-gi)f n. An American wild cat, ranging from
Mexico to BnuiL [verge. \Poftic']
Marge (miirj), fi. [F.l Border; mirgin : edge;
Har^pa (mlir'JTn), n. [L. mnrgo, •ginis.'] 1. A bor-
der ; edge ; brink ; verge. 8. Part uf n page at the edge
left uncovered ha writing or printing. 3. Differenre be-
tween the cost and selling price of an article. 4. Some-
thing allowed for what can not be foreseen certainly. 6.
Collateral security deposited with a broker to secure him
from loss on contracts made by him on behalf of his prin-
cipaL «• r. /. I. To furnish with a margin. 8. To enter
in the margin of a page. — Har'ffin-al. n.
Syn.— Border; brink; verge: brim; rim.
I Mar'gl-IMai-A (-jT-niHT-i), n . pi. Marginal notes.
Mar'fn-Tftto (-gr*-vtt). (n. Territory or Jurisdic-
■ar-gni'Vl-ate (-(rrS'vT-tOi l tinn of n ronrfrrave.
Har'fnTe (-irriv), ». [O. mnrkffraf; mark border,
march + tr<^ earl, count.] 1. Orig.,'A keeper of the
borders or marches in Oermany. 8. English form of the
Oerman title of nobility, markgrrf ; a nuirquis.
I ■ur'gtA'tlM (mfcr^gri-viu), n. [O. markgr^n,'\
, The wile of a margrave.
I lUr'fM-rttt OnKr'ge-rtt), n. [F., a pearl, daisy.]
I The dahy ; ox*eye daisy ; Chma aster.
■ai^|4nld(mii^-g6kl),fi. iMary-\- g9ld,-\ A plant
' of several species, with golden yellow blossoms.
■a^IlM' (mi-rSn'), a. [L. inaHiitM, f r. mmt the sea. ]
1. Pertaining to the aea, ocean, navigation, or naval al-
i fairs; naval; nauticaL 8. Formed bv action of currents
I or waves. •» n. [F. mai'in sea soldier, martae naval
economy, fr. L. nwrnniM.] 1. A soldier trained to do
I duty in the navy. 8. Naval affairs ; c(^leotive skipping
'i of a country. 3. Picture of some marine sobieot.
■AI^IMr (mlr1-u2r), n. [F. marinitr^ LL «ur
rt'iM.] One who assists in navigsting ahips ; a tailor.
Ha'rt^'Mrr (mE'rT-Ol'4-trj^), t>. [Or. Mapic Mmry
-f Aarp«ui worahip.] Worship of the Virgin Mary.
■•rl-a«ttte' (u^Ir'T-t-nitOt *t. [F.. dim. of Murit
Mary.] 1. Puppet moved by strings. 8. Bnffel duck.
Harl-tal (-tal), a. [F., fr. L. maritalis, fr. maritMt
husband. j[ Pertaining to a husband.
■tin-Qm* (-tTm), a. [L. marUimuSt fr. man the sea.]
1. Bordering on, or near, the ocean ; connected with tlie
sea ; having commerce or a navy. 8. Pert, to the ooaan
and naval affairs, or to shipping and commerce by sea.
■•r'lo-ram (mkr'Jd-ronOt A. [F. wtarfoltttiu^ Lis.
PiajoracOt fr. L. amaracuM.} A mintlike plant of i
species, the sweet marjoram being used in cookery.
■ark (miirk), n. 1. An old vi^ht and cotn. 8. Oer-
man monetary unit = 23.8 cents ; silver coin of this value.
■ark. n. [AS. tnearr.] 1. A vislLle sign or Impres-
sion mode upon anything ; a line, point, stamp, figure,
etc., to convey some information. 8. A fixed object serv-
ing to guide a ship, traveler, surveyor, etc. 3. A trace,
dot, line, discoloration, etc. ; a scratdi, scar, stain, etc.
4. An evidence of presence or influence; mrmptom ; perma-
nent impression of one's character. 6. A tldng aimed at.
' 6. Attention, regard, or respect. 7. Limit or standard.
I 8. Badge. 9. Prei»nUnence ; blglr position. 10. A num-
I ber or character used in registering.
Syn. — Impress ; stamp ; trace ; track ; characteristic ;
„ token; proof; badge; symptom.
•^ V. t. [AS. mearcian^ it. mearc."] X. To put a mark
upon. 8. To designate ; to indicate. 3. To leave a trace,
scar, stain, or other mark, upon. 4. To keep account of ;
to register. 6. To notice or obssrve ; to remark; to regard.
^v.i. To take particular notice : to note. — ■aik'tr, a.
' 8yn. —To note ; remark ; heed ; show ; indicate ; char-
acterise; stamp; imprint; impresa; brand.
, KarOEet (mkr'kit^, n. [Akbi to D. markt : fr. L.
merm/M* trade, market, fr. m^rr, m^rtU^ ware, merchan-
dise.] 1. A meeting of people for tnUBc bv private pur-
chase and sale, and not by auction. 8. Public place where
a market is held. 3. Opportunity to sell anything ; de-
mand. ^v.t.Sii. To buy or sell ; to bargain.
■ar'kat-a-1lle(-i-bn),a. l. Fit to be offered for sale.
8. Current in market. 3. Wanted by purchasers ; salable.
I ■turkS^man (miirki'mou), n. One skillful to hit a
I mark ; one who shoots well. — ■aikf'Biail-alllp, ««•
I Hurl (nilu-1), r. /. To cover (rope) with marline, mtk-
' Inga peculiar hitch at each turn to prevent unwinding.
I Marl, n. [OF. marle^ L. marga, orig. a Celtic word.]
A mixed earthy aubetanoe, containing carbonate of lime,
clay, and aand. ^ r /. To manure with mart
■ar'Una (mUrnTn), n. [D. marting, marKJn, it.
marrtn to tie, and lijn line.] Small line, of two strands,
' wound around ropes,
to protect them from I
fretting. — r. /. To ^^^^^^mZl_
, wind marline around
I (a rope, etc.).
I Marllas spike, Mari- A Sail maker** Marline Spike, with
Inf spika, lui iron tool hsndlt ; B 9alk>r*a Marline Spike,
fipering to a point, to .......
; separate strands of a rope in splicing and hi marlbig. It
a, », I, ©, a, k»g ; ft, e. 1, 5, tt, j^, abort ; ssnAte, «vent. Idea, 6bey, tknite, c4re, ilrm, Ask, ipl, flaaL
MABIIALADE
349
MARTYEOLOGY
bw an «7e fan tbe tbiek end to which a limyaid is attoched.
[written elao marlin nrike.]
MlT*inaladt (marmi-lid), n. [F. marmelade^ Pg.
eiannetoda, fr. maraUlo quince.] Preaenre made by
hoUing palp of quince, pear, apple, etc., with sugar.
■ar-mOTe-al (-mS'ri-al), l a. [L. marmoreust fr.
"" l(-r«-an), J mormor marble.] Pert.
tOjUlu, or made of, marole.
iMideu ckry«omela$).
(-md-sifX
[P. martfioKje/ a grotesque fig-
ure, ugly little boy.] A small
Sooth American mookey, hav-
ing long soft fur, and a hairy,
nooprehenaile tail.
HarlMK-mSt),!!. [it mar-
mottaJ] 1. A rodent about the
aisn of a rabbit, inhabiting the
Alps and Pyrenees ; the Ameri-
ean woodchuck. 2. Oround
squirrel or gopher ; prairie dog.
■a-roOA^ (m4-rS5n'), n.
[Written also fnari-oon.'\ [P.
mamm^ fr. Sp. eitnarron wild.]
In the West Indies, a fugitive
sUts living in the mountains.
— 9. <. To put (a person) ashore on a desoUte island or
const and leave (him) to his fate.
Ha-rooa', o. [P. marron chestnut-colored, fr. tnnr-
roH a chestnut.] Having the color called maroon, -^ri.
A brownish or dull red. esp. of a scarlet cast.
■ai'plOt^ (mXKplStO. n. One whose officious inter-
ference mars or frustrates a design or plot.
■lfflTiiTi9 i MLiirJi \. ti. . h\ J l,K',.ii.N. ir. [f . limits of a
JnhH/ikti'iii. .jr ti i.siil.Lqy of ^ iL:L>!ijit(>', t.j jpuke reprisals.
tjHtmrw at mArt^q*. L^ttcn Df man|iiv ma.4 njirtul, a license
to n i-irivdt" ji ^r.vji lit tit out a privet 'T l'> t^ruise at sea
snJ lu ik*' t^n/f* £>i tJifii t^umny'H ijiiivi nmt im-ri^handise.
M JT qu&ft' I itiii >ke^>. H. [¥. m tr^ <i ii€. ] A large field
t*n. r . [ VV r i L t *j u iilrto m^rkfr.]
M Kfqn 3 aa i -k w|f 3 H n " [Sp^ ^M*ir-j n^j . ] A marquis.
Kar'qael rr (-k5t-rj)» w, [F. mfirtfti^t^ne.ir. mar-
q ti^if. r t,.y i- h v* In? r, I ni*y, tr^ nm tfmf iu4rk. ] I ulaid work ;
wof It itiaiii i with plMflu »r wofrf, ftliplU, lifory, etc.
HaTQliS ^kwTi), n, [P. J A n^bleriiaii ia England,
PnnrTi*, omiA {l^TEDsny, ne&t ia nitik bt?tow Jt iluke.
a W'quli aCs ( -k wtB-tt fir -kwlfl^ftt K » T i ^e seigniory
of a [i^^irjiii , tfi^rrttory ttOTefded by a ruirnnii.
. marqaijie'imirk^i'), i>. [F.] m in
■ar^rlago unlr'rTil, n. [P rtmnfj^, \
or l>^iii|? lij irri^vl ; lajf*l uiiitjii iiF SI iiimi i^it
S7Z>* - M.^iisiaur; H4Tai)i017¥. WBh! »
noptiaLfl. — iWfVriia/i' In tha 'trt rt'tni. h unit >
tlee*a]ad mofHrn^Ni^ tlie t^i/r' into vir\i\<-\
ttwEodt ia tha Anglo-SxiDii Uyrta for ^'i^i'^
■•r1dAff«-l-b]«, o. l^kt f.>r^r»rc..ip!iliL>
— HarHftf »-ableii««. Marrtof e-a bill ty,
MU'TOOO' < tnttf 'fHMJii'K ti* * ■■- M ^roKi
Xar^w f-r.*, V .1. r a s .^.^,.^. .'. i t,. .. ,^ mUng the
cavities ol^ ^ > i^,^ 2. ^u._.-„ , *.„t part.
Max*nw4tonid^ (>bSn'), n. a bone containing mar-
row ; pL knee bones or knees.
Hll^raw-fat (-fXt), n. A rich but late variety of pea.
Mai^mwAMMt a. Destitute of marrow.
HarOrow-y, a. Pull of marrow ; pithv.
■u^ (mir'ry), r. /. [P. marier^ L. mnritare, fr.
aioriftM husband, fr. nuM, marir, a male.] 1. To unite
in wedlock ; to constitute (a man and woman) luisband
and wife. 2. To give away as wife. 3. To take for
husband or wifp. — r. i. To take a husband or wifn.
Han (mKrx), n. [L. Mars, gen. Martis.'] 1. God of
war and husb-indry, in Roman mytholofry. 2. A planet
of the solar sy8t(>m, next beyond tlie earth.
n Hax'Ml'llllii' (mSr/si^yi'), a.m.\{ F.] Pertaining
MMlfMMlalM'C-ytzO,^./. I to Marseilles, in
France. — n. An inhabitant of Marseilles.
A marrjring
I E4 woman.
:K ; wedding;
* T he two pir-
'< 1 iiey enter.
'»V-
ti , marriage.
IUr4Mill«K (mMr-alhOt »• A fabric of doobto doth,
quilted in the loom { — first made in Mar»eUU*.
Mank (miurah), n. [AS. mertCj it. mere lake.] A
tract of soft, watery land ; fen ; swamp ; moraas.
Mar'alial (mttr'shal), n. [OE. A OP. mare$ehnl,
OHO. marah-scale (Q. martehall) ; moroA horse 4- teale
servant.] 1. Orig., a groom. [Obs.} 2. An ofnoer of
high rank, charged with arrangement of ceremonies, con-
duct of operations, etc. 9. In Europe, a military olBcer
of high rank. 4. A ministerial officer for each Judicial
district of the United States, to execute the process of
United States courts, and perform duties similar to those
of a sheriff. The name is also applied to certain police
officers of a city.-^r. /. [imp. & p. p. MiasHaT.Bn
(-shald) or MAB«H4i.T.ai> ; p. pr. & rb. n. Mabshamwo or
Maksballdio.] 1. To arrange in a suitable manner.
2. To direct or lead. ~ Mar'ual-ar, n. [Written also
marshaller.'] — Mar'alial-alltpt n.
lUnll'y (mJirsh']^), a. iTUke a marsh ; wet ; boggy.
2. Pert, to, or produced in, marshes.— lUnlll-lieaa, n.
Har-mi'pl<al (mKr-su'pT-ol), a. Having a pouch for
carrying the immature young ; pert, to the Musupialia.
— n. One of the Marsupialia.
II Har-an'pi-aaia (-SMT-4), n. pi. [NL., fr. L. mar-
supium pouch.] A subclass of Mammalia, including
nearlv all the mammals of Australia and the adjacent
islands, and the opossums of America. They are imj^
cental, and have their young bom while immature. The
female carries the young for some time after birth in
an external pouch, or marsupium. — Har-ao'pl-a'U-ailt
Har-an^Vlraii, n. — Har-mi'pi-ate (-tt), a.
II llar-mi'Vl-lllll (-pT-Om), n. [L.] (a) Pouch, formed
by a fold of the skin of the abdomen, in which marsupials
carry their young ; similar pouch in certain Crustacea.
(6)The pecten in the eye of birds and reptiles.
Mut (mttrt), ». [Coutr. fr. market.} A market.
Har'ton (miir'tSu), n. A bird, the martin.
■arteilt n. [P. marire, marte^ L. martee.'\ 1. A
fur-bearing carnivorous animal, akin to the sable. 2. Pur
of the marten, used for hats, muffs, etc
■artlal (-shal),a. [P., fr. L. martialu pert, to MavM.}
1. Suited for war ; military. 2. Practiced in war ; war-
liko. 3 Rfllanalnjr to wit, or to au uriay aod navy, ~
opin. ('• ririL 4. Pi rt, X*s t\w (joJ. or tlie iiLm^a. Mara.
MArtikllaw, tli^Uir admin Lite ri?d by Lhi;^ niiiitdiry power
of II i:<'ii'emriient,u'h'en it luqj stip^r^ded th^rirjl author-
ity ill liinpi of WAT, QT inrbait the tivtl autboritiiMi ai* una-
bh* t'l t^nrorof thi^ laws. It ^lirf^n from itnUtfirtt lav^
wiakli In tbe iwU ui Ttiimn lot tbe reiniltttlMi of the army
an'] nAry tdOM, eJtbvr in pence or iu nar.
Kf n, — JH*ttTSAL ; "WARrthSu -Mntturi rfift^ra to war In
acihift, itM drr.iy, jiEtviidautii, elf- \V/trfii:r dcorrlbD* tlifl
teiu[Mr tt'hlcili leads to w»r, mal t\\e BfljunctA uf ir*t.
BSflJ^tia (-tTji^, n. (P., It. proyiipT (laiii*" jVfjrJ»iir] A
swiilk'vif havinj^ rh-- t*fl i^** i^^wplv ffirh^H than rlut o1
the common swallow. [Written also marten/]
HarH-nat' (-tT-nSt/), n. [Name of an officer in the
Prench army under Louis XIY. ] A strict disciplinarian ;
one who exacts rigid adherence to details of discipline,
forms, and fixed methods. — Hax'tl-lMt'lsm, n.
Mar'tlll-gale (-tTn-gtl), { n. [P. martinaale.'] 1. A
■ar'tlB-cal (-gal), I strap connecting a horse^s
girth with the bit, to hold down his head and prevent
rearing. 2. A lower stay from the jib boom or flying
Jib boom to the dolphin striker ; the dolphin striker.
Mar'tlll-maa, n. Peast of St. Martin, Nov. lltli.
Marlyr (-tSr), n. [AS., fr. L. martyr. Or. fuiprvp,
prop., a witness.] 1. One who, by his death, bears wit^
uess to the truth of the gospel ; one put to death for his
religion. 2. One who sacrifices life, station, etc., for the
sake of principle, or to sustain a cause. •« v. t. 1. To kill
for adhering to one's faith. 2. To persecute.
Marlyr-dom (-d&m), n. 1. The condition or death
of a martyr. 2. Affliction ; torture.
■artinr-Ol'O-gy i-Wt-jf), n. a record of martyrs.
fSm, recent, 6rb, r||de, fyll, Am, food, ftfbt, out, oil, chair, (o, sins, iQk, then, thin.
MARVEL
350
MAT
Hai'Vtl (mfii^TSl), n. [F. mervtUle^ fr. L. mirabilia
wonderlul things, fr. nUrca^ to marvel mt.] That which
causes wonder ; a prodigy ; miracle. » r. i. [imp. &p. p,
Makvslbo (-v61d) or Marvbllbd \ p. or. & vb. n. iljJt-
TBLQfO or MjLaTKLLXNO.] Tu be astouuhed ; to wonder.
■ar'VSl-ims (-Us), a. [Written also martdlou*.'] 1.
Exciting surprise ; astonishing ; wouderf uL 2. Partakiug
of Uie character of mirade, or supernatural power ; in-
credible.—lUr'Vtl-OllS-ly, odr.— ftUr'FOl^MUi-IWMI, n.
Syn.— Mabvslous : Womdbsful ; astonishing ; surpris-
ing; strange: improbable: incredible. — We speak of a
tmng as wonaerjtd when it awakens our surprise and
admiration ; Ss marvtlotu when it is so much out of the
ordinary course of things as to seem incredible.
■M'COt ) (mlsOcSt), n. [Pr. mascot a little magician,
Maa'OOtte I mascoUo witchcraft, sorcery.] One sup-
posed to bring good luck to his household.
Maa'OO-lIlM (-ktt-lTn), a. [L. moKtUintu^ f r. mascultts
male, manly, dim. of mas a male.^ 1. Of the male sex ;
not female. 2. Having the qualities of a man ; virile ;
strong ; robust. 3. Having grammatical inflections of,
or c<mstrued with, words pertainins to male beings, as
disting. fr. feminine and neti/er. — Hui'oo-lllie-lT, adv.
-Man'oo-lliM-iiem^ HM'oa-lliil-ty (iTuT-tj^), n.
Math (mSsh), n. [Akin to O. meisch^ maisch, meische^
mash, wash.] 1. A mass of mixed ingredients reduced
to a pulpy state bv beating or pressure ; ground or bruised
malt, or meal of rye, wheat, com, etc., steeped in hot
water for making the wort. 2. A mixture of meal or
bran and water fed to animals. — v, t. To convert into a
mash ; to reduce to a pulpv state by beating or pressure ;
to bruise ; to convert (malt^r malt and u.3al) into the
mash which makes wort. — Haill'tr, ». — Maih^, a.
Maak (mAsk), n. [F. masque^ LL. masca^ mascha^ fr.
Ar. maskharat buffoon.] 1. A cover for the face, for
dJHguise or protection. 2. That which disguises; subter-
fuge. 9. A frolic where all wear masks ; a masquerade ;
revel ; delusive show. 4. A dramatic performance iu
which the actors wore masks and represented all^orical
characters. — r. /. 1. To cover (the face). 2. To dis-
rse ; to hide. — r. f . 1. To take part in a masquerade.
To wear a mask ; to be disguised. — Maak'er, n.
Ha'MMI (mS's'n), n. [F. mafon^ LL. viacio."] 1. One
who builds with stone or brick. 2. A member of the fra-
ternity of Freemasons. [craft, etc. I
Ha-flOnno (mi-sSnTk), a. Pert, to Freemasons, their |
■a'MMI-nMmE's^n-rj^), n. 1. Art or occupation of a
mason. 2. work of a mason. 3. Anything constntcted
of stone, brick, tiles, etc. 4. The craft of Freemasons.
Masque (misk), n. A mask ; masquerade.
■ao^qiiar-ade' (mSs^kSr-id'), n. {v. mascarade, 8p.
masearada. See Mask.] 1. An assembly of persons
wearing masks, for dancing, etc. 2. A living under false
pretenses ; disguise. — r. t. & t. To disguise.
Haas (mis), n. [AS. mstsse, LL. missa, fr. L. miUert^
missum^ to send, dismiss, because the mass was formerly
held after catechumens were dismissed, and the sacrifice
proper began.] 1. Tlie Roman Catholic sacrifice in the
sacrament of the Eucharist, or the consecration and
oblation of the host. 2. The portions of the Mass set to
music, considered as a musicu composition.
Haas, n. [F. masse^ L. massa ; akin to Or. iia^a bar-
ley cake.] 1. A quantity of matter formed into a lump.
2. A medicinal substance for making pills. 3. A large
Quantity; sum. 4. Bulk; size. 6. Principal part. 6.
Quantity of matter in a body, irrespective of its bulk
or volume. — r. t. To collect iuto a mass ; to assemble.
Mass nsstlsg, a general assembly of people, usually re-
lating to politics. - The masses, the great body of the peo-
ple, as contrasted with the higher classes; the populace.
Haa'8a-€ta(n)Sj»rt&-k2r),n. [F.] A killing of human
beings by indiscriminate slaughter. — v. t. To kin where
reairtance can not be made ; to kill without necessity,
and contrary to the uMMres of nations ; to slaughter.
Syn.— Massacrb : Butchbkt ; CAKKAOB.—i/<iMacre de-
notes slaugbtar of many who can not reaisL Buickerp
refers to cold-blooded cruelty hi the killing of men as
if they were brute beasts. Carnage poinbt to slaughter
as producing the heiqied-up bodies of the slain.
Mas'aaga (mis'sij : /^. m4's4sh'), n. [F.] A rubbing
or kneading of the body, as a hygienaic measure.
Hao'ad-tar (mfe'st tSr; L. mis-sFtSr), n. [NL., fr.
Or. fiaatfr^ diewer, fr. fiaaiir^mi to chew.] large
muscle raising the under jaw, — usc^ L. nasticatton.
n Haa^aanr' (m&'bSr'), n. m. ) [F.] One who per-
il ■aa'seuaa' (mkftXzf\ n.f. S forms massage.
■aaalFa (mAs^v), Haaa'y, a. [F.maw//.] For
large mass; compacted; h«ivy. — r" ""
Forming
[ (mist), n. [AS. mma^ fern. ; akin to O. moiT,
E. meat.'l Fruit of the oak, beech, etc. : nuts; aoocns.
I Haat, n. [AS. m»M^ masc. ; akin to D., O., Dan., &
I Sw. mast.'\ 1. Spar set upright in a vessel, to sustain
i the sails, yards, rigghig, etc. 2. The vertical post ci a
derrick or crane. ^ r. /. To furnish with masts.
Maat'er, n. A vessel having (so many) masts.
Maa^er, n. [OF. maistre^ tt. L. maaisUr.l 1. A
man having another subject to his wilL. 2. One skilled
intheuseof anvthing. 3. A title of courtesy, commonly
pronounced mister y except when given to boys ; — usually
abbr. Mr, 4. A young gentleman ; lad ; small boy. 6.
Commander of a merchant vessel ; — usually called cap-
tain; a naval commissioned officer ranking next above
ensign and below lieutenant.
Mastsr key, a key adapted to open several different
locks ; a clew helping to solve many difficulties. — Msster
stn^, a capital performance: masterly achievement.
- Msstsr workattB, one specially skilled in any ait or
trade, or who is an overseer or employer.
— r. /. 1. To become the master of ; to subject to one*s
will. 2. To nin command of ; to become an adept in.
Maa'ter-fm (-fyl), a. 1. Inclined to plav the master ;
imperious ; arbitrary. 2. Having the skill or power of
a master ; indicating mastenr. — Maatar-fol-ly, adv.
Maa'ter-ly, a. 1. Suitable to a master ; indicating
thorough skill and power ; showing a master*s band. 2.
Imperious. — adv. With the skill of a master.
aUalar-ptooa' {-V^), n. Anything done with ex.
traordinary skiU ; capital performance ; chef-d'oeuvre.
■aoter-ablp, n. 1. state or office of a master. 2.
Mastery ; superior skill ; superiority.
Haa'ter-T, n. 1. PosiUon or authority of a master.
2. Superiority in war or competition ; victory ; triumph ;
preeminence. 3. A mastering or having mastered.
Haafkaad' (mAetnifidOt »• The top or head of a nast ;
thepart of a mast above the hounds. [ishment. I
HAat-haad', r. /. To send to the masthead as a pun-j
■aa'tlo (mSs'tTk), %. [F., fr. L. mastiche. Or. iim-
ffTt'xi}, fr. fiaaao0ai to chew.] [Written ako mastick.1
1. Low slirubby tree of the Mediterranean coaists, pro-
ducing a valuable resin. 2. Eesin from the mastic tree,
used as an astringent and aromatic, also fan vi^misliea.
3. Cement for plastering walls, etc.
Maatl-eata (-tl-kit), v. t. [L. masticare, •<ntum, to
chew.] To grind with the teeth and prepare for swallow-
ing and digestion ; to chew. — HaTtl-ca^tlOB, n.
Maa^-ca-tO-ry (-ki-t«-rV), a. Chewing; fitted for
chewing food. — n. Somethmg chewed to increase saliva.
Haa%ff (mAs'tlf), n. [Prov. £. masty large.] A
breed of large dogs of great strength and courage.
Haato-don (mSs't«-d5n), n. [Or. imuttpc breast -f-
Uovi, iMmt, tooth, from the conical projections upon
iu molar teeth.] An exUnct genus of mammsls allied
to the elepliant, out larger.
Maa'tokl (-toid), a. [Or. iieurTO€ti^ ; luurrit -f cUoc
form.] Resembling the nipple or breast. [malia.
Btoa-tol'0-gy (-t51'6-gj^), n. Natural history of Mam-
Hat (mit), n. [AS. maU, fr. L. maOa a mat made
of rushes.] 1. A fabric of sedge, rushes, straw, hemp,
etc., for wiping shoes at the door, covering floors, etc
ft, «, 1, 5, a, long : ft, «, 1, 5, 0, t, short ; aenftte, 3v«at, td«H 6bey, finite, oAie, llm, 4tk, nU, IfaMl.
MATADOBE
351
MATFER
% Anything nowing thickly, or cloaely interwoven.
3. Onaxarnxul border surrounding a framed picture.
— f. t,Ai. 1. To cover with mats. 2. To twist or felt
togetJier ; to entangle.
HafA-dort I (mif 4^]Sr), n. [Sp. malador, fr. matar.
Mafft-dor I L. iiMe<ar« to kilL J The man appointed
to kiU the bull in bullflghta.
MatOh (mSsh), n. [F. miche, fr. L. myxa a lamp nox-
xle.1 Anything used to catch or communicate fire.
Match, n. [AS. gemaeeca; fr. root of E. make.'\ 1.
A penoo or thing equal or timilAr to another ; an equal ;
mate. 2. A bringuig together of two parties suited to
ooe another, as for union, trl:kl of skill or force, contest,
cftc ; emulous struggle ; marriage. 3. One to be gained
in marriage. 4. Bquality hi competition. 6. Suitable
combination; that which harmonises with something
else. — r. t, 1. To be a mate or match for; to equU.
a. To furnish with an equil competitor. 3. To contend
Miocessfully against. 4- To procure the equal of. 6. To
adwt, fit, or suit (one thmg to another). 6. To m:krry.
7. To fit tigHher.— p. ». 1. To be united in mvriiga ;
to mats. 2. Tj be of equal, or similar, size, figure, color,
or quality; to suit; to correspond.
■itcdl'less, a. H iving no equal ; unequaled.
MatOll'lOOk' (-15k'), n. An old form of gunlock con-
taining a match for firing the priming ; muidcet so fired.
WftteVmate^ar (-m&'Sr), fi. 1. Oae .who m-ikea
— i^ti.h«i« for bumhig. 2. One who tries to bring about
marriages. — HatOA'mi1liB|, n. & a.
Matt (raSfe), n. [F. mat, abbr. fr. ^chec et mat. Sae
CoacKMATB.] Ghsckmate, the winning move in chess. -»
V. t. To checkmate.
Mata, n. [OD. maet,"] 1. One who customarily asso-
datas with another ; companion. 2. A husband or wife ;
ooe of a pair of animals associated for propagation and
cnre of their young. 3. A match ; an equal. 4. An offi-
cer in a merchant Tossel ranking next below the cap-
tain ; subsrdinats nxnl officer or assistant. — r. /. 1. To
to marry. 2. To oppose as equal ; to compete with. •«
9.i. To be or bo::ome a mate or mates.
Ha-tt'lial (mi-tS'rT-al), a. [L. maUriaOs^ it. ma-
teria stuff, matter.] 1. Consisting of matter ; not spir-
ftoaL 2. Pdrt. to tne physical nature of man, as dieting.
fr. the m3ntal or moral nature ; relating to bodily want),
interaats, etc 3. Of sdlid or weighty character; impor-
tant. 4. Pert, to the matter, as opp. to the form, of a
thing. — n. 8ubstai.oe of which anything is made.
Brik» — Corporeal ; bodily ; momentous ; essentiaL
Ma-ta'll-al-iSDI (-Ts'm), n. 1. Doctrine of material-
ists { materialistic views and tenats. 2. Tendency to give
nntte importance to material interests.
Kl-tarl-al^st, n. 1. One who denies the existence
of spiritual substances or agents, and maintains that
^iritoal phenomena result from peculiar organization of
matter. 2. One who holds to the existence of matter,
M disting. fr. the idealist, who denies it. — Ha-ta^rl-al-
WtL% Ma-ta'il-al-iftto-aL <i.
Ha-te'lial'i-ty (-UT-ty), n. l. A being material ;
material existence ; corporeity. 2. Importance.
■a-to^-al-ilS (-!z), V. t. 1. To invest with material
characteristics ; to make perceptible to the senses ; to
preaent to the mind through the medium of material ob-
jects. 2. To regard as matter ; to explain by laws or
principles appropriate to matter. 3. To occupy with ma-
terial interests. 4. To make (spirits) visible in material
form. — V. {. To take substantial stwpe.
Ha-tO^-al-ly, adv. 1. In the state of matter. 2.
In its essence ; substantially. 3. In an important man-
ner or degree: essentUlly.
Ha-ta11«l-liess, n. The being material.
iHa-taTrl-a madfUm (mA-tS'rT-a mMT-ki). [L.i
1. Material used in composition of remedies ; — a genersl
term for all substances used as curative agents in medi-
cine. 2. Medical science of such substances.
fiWUfi&JlfA'{mi/WrPtV),n. [F.] Thaffnaoom-
plex system wtiicb constitutes tlie materiaU, or histru-
ments employed, — dlsting. fr. Vb» perwnnel, or men.
Ha-ter'au (-tSr'nal), a. [F. matemd^ L. matemusy
fr. ma/er mother.] Pertaining to a mother; liecomiug
to a mother ; motherly. — Ha-tfT'lial-ly, adv.
Syn. — Bee Mothkrlt.
Ma-ti
i-tar'nl-ty (-uT-tj^), n. [F. matemiU, LL. matemU
fat.] Ttie being a mother ; relation of a motlier.
Kath'a-iaatao (mith't-mitnrk), Kath'a-mat1o-ai
(-T-kal), a. [L. mathemalictUt 6r. fia0tinaTuc6i disposed
to learn, belonging to the sciences, eap. to matliematios,
f r. fiaihitia learning, pL iiaB^nata things learned, science,
fr. fia/htvy iMvBavtWy to learn ; akin to B. mind.'\ Pert.,
or according, to mathematics ; theoretically precise ; ac-
curate. — Math'a-mat'llHd-ly, adv. [mathematics. I
Hath'a-ma-tl'clail (-mi-tT&h'on), n. One versed iu|
Hath'a-matlca (-mStTks), ». Science of quantities
or magnitudes, aud of deducing quantitiea sought from
other quantities kuown or supposed.
Harln (mSt^n), n. [F., fr. L. matutinum morning.]
1. Morning. [06*.] %. pi. \¥ . maUne*.'\ Morning wor-
ship, prayers, or songs. 3. Time of morning service ;
the first canonical hour in the Roman Catholic Church.
— • a. Pert to the morning, or to matins ; matutinal.
Mat'l-ntfa' (m«t/T-nJ' ; F. ro4't«'n»0» »• [F-, 'r- »»«-
tin.^ A reception or entertainment, held in the daytime.
Ha-trasa' (mi-trSy or mIt'rSs), n. [F. matrat; of
Celtic origin.] A chemist's round-bottomed glass flask.
Mafraas (mSf rfifl), n. Mattress.
Mat'rl-oifiO (mSt'rT-mi), n. [L. matricidium; mater
mother -f- caedere to kill.] X Murder of a mother by
her son or daughter. 2. ffj. matrieida.'\ Oue who mur-
ders one's own mother. — Maflri-ol'dat, a.
Ha-tllo'a-llte (mi-trTk'a-lat), v. t. [L. matrictda
?ublio roll or register, dim. of matrix a public register.]
o enroll ; to admit to membership in a society, esp. in a
college, by enrolling the name. —v. i. To secure admiv
siou to membership, —a. Matriculated. — n. One m>
triculated. — Ma-Ulo'11-Ia'tloil, n.
Marxl-nuKol-al (mSt^rf-mS'uT-al), a. Pert, to matri-
mony; derived from marriage; hymeneal: nuptiid. —
Maf rl-mynlHa-Iy, «dp.
Syn.- Connubial; conjugal; spousal; nupthO.
■at'd-mo-ny (-mft-ny), n. [L. matrimonium^ fr. ma-
ter mother.] The union of mnn and woman as husband
and wife ; nuptial state ; marriage ; wedlock.
Ma'triZ (mS'trTks), n.; pi. Matbicks (mSf rT-s8s). [L.,
fr. mater mother.] 1. The womb. 2. That which forms ;
a die ; mold ; substance in wliich metallic oree or cr]r8tal-
lized minerals are found ; gangue ; pi. the five simple
colors, black, white, blue, red, and yellow, lued in dyeing
Ma'tron (-trOn), n. [F. matrone, L. matrona, fr.
mater. '\ 1. A wife or widow ; woman of staid manners.
2. A housekeeper ; woman managing the domestic ec(m-
omy of a public institution ; head nurse in a hospital.
HafhUI-aga (mSt'rtin-tj or mS'trQn-tJ), n. 1. State
of a matron. 2. Collective body of matrons.
Hafron-al, a. Pert, to a matron; suitable to an
elderly lady or married woman ; grave ; motherly.
Mafhm-iia (-is), v. t. 1. To make a matron of ; to
make matronlilDB. 2. To superintend ; to cbaperone.
Hatroo-Uke', a. Like a matron ; sedate ; matronly.
Hatnm-ly, n. I. Elderly. 2 Grave ; sedate.
Matter (mIt'tSr), n. [F. matihcy fr. L. materia.^
1. Material; substantial part of anything; that into
which a notion may be Mialysed ; the essence ; pith ; em-
bodiment. 2. That of which all existent bodies are com-
posed ; body : substance. 3. Thinff aimed at or treated ;
subject of action, discussion, consideration, feeling, com-
glaint, legal action, etc. 4. Concern ; affair ; business.
I. Affair of consequence ; significance ; moment. 6. In-
ducing cause or occasion; difficulty; trouble. 7. Amount;
quantity ; portion ; space. 8. Substance excreted from
fSn, noant, 6th, ruda, f^ Ibn, ftfbd, f<jbt, out, oil, chair, go, sins, lok, then, thla.
MATTER-OP-FACr
3o2
MEAL
I inipieiuenc for
liTlMaBianbodiet; pus. •. That irb«ch h penuanenC,
aad h alfegfA bv p^bdogteirt or phytMsl rehrttons ; —
opp. t» /arm. 10. Jfamncrrpt to be set in type ; type
set up for prkittogf. *^v. i. To be of iiii|:ortanee ; to im-
pen; to^^ify.
iUnef ti tmfi' (miC^tir-Kv-fiktO, <r. Adh«rh« to
factsjnot fftocif ul ; coiuraonplace ; dry.
Wif^lUft (-tTiif X n, 1. All fAterwesTiAg or tm^ttns
together so mi&maite m mait. 8. Mate colleotrvely ; iiiat-
lifar fabrle, for eovermg floors, ptkcking article^, etc. ;
cOTpethif nade of straw, etc. 9. Mtterhih for ttiats.
■ilH» (-t&k), fi. [AS. mntttt^.] An implement for
<i%f^ "1^ gnibMlg, having two bUdes,
one Mn an ads, the other Ulu a pickax.
MmtMm (-trfaX »' [OP. mof^rrw, LL.
mtUraHmn; fr. Ar. H/^tiirnh ^aoe where
anythinj| i« thrown.] I. A bed staiTed
with hair, iDoes, etc. [Written also mat- M».tu>c.t.
r»M.] 2. i^ nuua of interwoven brush,
poies, etc., to protect a bank from being waehed away.
WUlHtM-WtH (-(k-ront), n, [L. nuttHrang^ p. pr. See
MATPyra.J A medicine to promote suppttration.
IISft»-ral» (-rSt), V. i. [L» ynainrarf, -t&fnin, to ma-
ture.] 1. To bring toripeneoB or maturity. 2. To pro-
mote aupporation of (an abeeess). — v. L To ripen ; to
mpurate. — Md^iMtt^ttHI, n. — AsrW-m-fff^, a. & n.
Wm-ftrnf (mA-tar*), a. [L. fmrf«rw.T.] I. Broujtlit to
complete gvowth and development ; ripe. 9. Complete-
ly workedF out ; ready for aetkm ; perfected. 9. Come
to completed suppuration.
9yir.— MxTtmM ; Rip* ; perfect : completed : prepared :
digested ; ready. — Mttnre and t^tpe describn fnUnfM of
growth. Mature brings to view the progressiveness of the
process ; ripe iudioatea the result.
— «. f. Td bring to matnrHrr ; to ripen ; to complete. —
V. i. t. To advance toward matnriCy; to beer me ripe.
% To becoihe due, r« a note. — Hft-mNKly, adv. - ■■-
im^^nmK Mt-fn'rl^tf (-tu^rT-^), «.
■ttf V-ti'lial (-tt1wl)» **' [L. matiitinatin, mattihnus.
Bee Matin.] Pertaining to the morning ; early.
Iteilf (mad), n. A Scotch shepherd's pray plaid.
WOTirm (iiiRdnfii), rr, [Contr. of Magdatm.^ I.
Tearful; excessively sentimeutai ; weak and silly.
2. Somewhat drunk ; Aiddled.
MtlKger I (ma'j?ar), /we/>. [OP. mmtgrf, maigri.]
Mtnftn f In spite of ; notwithstanding.
■aal (m{|l). ». A heavy wooden hammer or beetle.
[Written also mall} — r. t. 1. To beat and bmiae with
a heavy cudgel. 2. To do much harm to.
WaSfHlUMt (rojil'stTkO, a- [O. malergfock ; maler
painter -|- stork stick. ] A stick used by pni nters as a rest
for the hand while working. [Written also maM-stiek.}
Mamfl (raUnd or mRnd), \ v. i. * /. [Cf. F. m^ndier
MU— ll'"»l'( Tfi). I tobeg. E. mrfu/imn/.] To
mnmble ; to t^lk inroherenttv. — ■siUid'er-sr, ».
MtfM^ IDmnmif (man'^y tlidra'dt; 2). [OB.
tnmtnde a command; L. numaatum, fr. mandare to com-
mand ; — fr. the " new commandment,'* John xiii. 5, 34.]
Tlie Thuradav in Passion week.
Mmfli^-Wwm (mi|'s<^-18^m), n. [L. ; 6r. fiaiHrwAtfioy,
fr. Ua^trmfMt Mausolus, king of Caria^ to whom Artemisia,
his widow, erected a stately monnment.] A magnificent
tomb : sUtely nepnlcher. — ngMTM-le'sH, a.
Manve (mOv), n. [F. ; L. malm mallow, whoee pet-
als are of this color.] A delicate purple, violet, or lilac
color. [t!hro»tle or song thrush. |
■ (mVvTs), n. [V. mauvif.} Tlie Buropean
n WtmWkL (mik»TKM>, n. [L., dtm. of maia Jaw,
Jawbone.] (<r) The bone of either the npper or Um vader
Jaw. {b) lOb principal bone of the npper jaw, tbe Boaa
of the lower jaw being the mandible, (fi Oae of tka
lower or outer jaws of Artliropods. — ttatll'laf (mlli#-
Tl-18r>, ■oH-la-ry (;lt-rj^>, a^ A n.
Mtflm (-Tm), ». [L. maxima (sc. sentenHa\ greatest
asiom, fern. fr. maximu*^ snperl. of iimgnn* great] 1.
Establiithed prqpoaitiott ; axiom of practical wisdom. 2.
A musical note formerly nsed, e<|ual to two longa.
Sjn. — Aphorism ; adage : proverb. See Axtov.
HlO^maB (-T-mlhtt). ». [L., nent. fr. m/rxt ii»m«.}
ainaUe ; highest point Of
; — opp. to mtmimnm. — a. Oreateat ; highest.
' " *■" " ' - - "^'S. pros. awp|
IMffH.] To
Greatest quantity or value attainaUe ; highest poiat or
degree ; — opp. to mtmim^m. — a. Oreateat ; htglM
May(mS), r. [('ma. Miort (mit).] [AS. pros, aupf
ble, pret. meahte^ mihte ; akin to 6. m« ' ""
sible or abl<
r, a. [F. J
latshter of Atlas ,, ,
1. The 6th month oi the year. 2. Springtime of life.
I am able, pret. meat
be possible or able ; to have license.
Mm (ma), ». [AS. maf/a.} A stomach ; craw.
HtWiriBll, a. [Orig., maggoty, fr. OB. mm«* mag-
got.] 1. Apt to cause loathing; nauseous. 2^ Easily
disgusted ; squeamish ; sentimentally fastidious.
M9m'y$mn^ (mu'wdnnO* ». [Maw belly -f worm.]
(a) An intestinal wortn flound in the stomach. (A) One
of the larvw of botlller of horses ; a hot.
(possible
■fty, a. [F. Mai. L. Maim; fr. Maia (Or. Mm).
;hter of Atlas and the mother of Hermes by Zeua.]
the year. 2. Springtime of I"
Flowers of the hawthorn ; — so called from their t
of blossoming. 4. The merrymaking of Hav Day.
Msy apple, the fruit of an American plimt ; the plant
ittelf (mandrake)^ wlioee root and leaves, used in medi-
cine, are powerlully drastic. — May becda, Hay \m^ a
large lamellicom beetle, appearhig in the winged state
in May. - Msy Ii^^, the first day of May ; — celebrhted
by the crowning of a May qneen. - Uif nil a, a gui
crowned queen in the sports of May Bay.
MayHie (ma'bt), rrrfi-. [For it may he.] Perhaf a
■tyltoWar (-llou'Sr), n. hi Eughuid , the hawtliom ;
in New England, the trailing arbotua.
Maylieill (-hSm), a. [Sune as maim.] The mafmiag
of a person by destroying essehtial membiers.
nwymrutta¥ (mi/yl'ntz*), n. [F.] A saooe oom-
f otmded of raw yolks of eggs beaten up with dive oil,
and seaaoned with vinegar, pepper, salt, etc. ; — used in
dressing salads, flsh, etc. Alfo, a dish eo drened.
MaS*n (mi^r), a. [OE. & F. mofrf, fr. L. major
greater, higher, nobler, compar. of mognfis great. Bee
Majob.1 The chief magisti^te of a city or borough ;
chief oiBceir of a municipal corporation. [a mayor, i
■syer-d-ty (-Sl-tJ»), a. Office, or term of oAce, of I
Maat (aiS>)« n. [OE. mage : masen to confuse, puzsle.}
1. Confusion of thought ; bewilderment. 2. A confns>
ing and bafiUng network, as of pattis or passages ; intri-
cacy ; labyrinth. ^ r. / To perplex greatly ; to bewilder.
Syn. - See LASTEnrm.
Ita'iy (n^a'ae^), 0. Per|)exed; intricate; conftteing.
■• (mS), pers. pron. [AS. ; akin to 6. mtcA, L. an*.
Or. ^tf, c^'. ] Myself ; — objective and dative caae of the
pronoun /.
Moad- (roSd), a. [AS. meodo ; akin to Gr. ^/^ wine.]
1. A fermented drink made of water and honey a ith malt,
yeast, etc ; metliegtin ; liydromel. 2. A drink containing
sirup of sarsaparilla or other flavoring extract.
BToinl. a. [AS. mgd.] A meadow.
Mead'OW (niM'd), n. [AS. meadu.] 1. Level land pro>
ducing grass. 2. Low land covered with coarse grass or
rank herbage near water. — a. Pert, to a meadow : pro-
duced, growing, or living in, a meadow. — HiBfi^OW-y, a.
Meft'cer j (mS'gSr), a. [F. maigre^ L. marer.] 1.
MM^ImI DesUt^te of flesh; thin; leai^. 2 Uetti-
tttte of richness, strengtli, etc. — ■Mi'gwr-ly, KW'gM-
ly, adv. — MmKcommm^ MM^gn-m&am, a.
Syn. — Thin: lean; lank: poor; scanty; barren.
Meal (mel), n. [AS. mSl part, portion, D. maal time,
meal, G. mat time, mahl meal.] Food taken at a paitks
tdar time to satisfy hunger.
Meal, n. [AS. meln, melo ; akin to D. m<r/, G. meW,
tneal; also to D. malen to grind, L. molere^ Or. ^:M^
mill, and £1. mill.] 1. Grain ground and unbolted ; flour
made from beans, pease, etc. ; coarse flonr. 2. Any sub-
stance coarsely pulverised like meal, but not granulated.
— f. /. 1. To sprinkle with meal. 2. To pulverixe.
a, a, f» ». «; l*»ng : li, «. T. ik «. t. "hn^ : sanfite. Avmit, tdo* Abey. tiaitm^ oicra, ffarm* &*, ffH, fimll.
MEALTIME
353
MEDIAN
_ „ ^ i' (mSKtimOt n, Umul time of eating a meal.
MmXyi-^), a. 1. Like meal ; soft, dryland friable. 2.
Ovenpread with something like meal. — ji6«11-n6M, n.
■Mll^-IIIOlltlMd' (mSl'3^-moutfadOt «• Using soft
words ; nmidly delicate of speech.
Mmb (mCn), V. t. [imp. & p. p. MsAirr (ro8nt) ; p,
f. & vb. n. Mbahino.J L^^ vmnan to intend, wish.]
To have in the mind, as a purpose, intenticm, etc. ; to
dMign. 2. To signify: to denote.
man, a. [as. mmne wickedj 1. Destitute of dis-
tfaictioo; common; humble. 2. Wanting dignity of
mind ; low-minded. 3. Of little Talue or account. 4. Of
poor quality. 6. Penurious; stingy; close-fisted.
Syn.— Ignoble : abject ; vulnr ; vile ; servile ;
ful ; despicable ; paltry ; sordid. See Base.
, E. [F. moyen^ fr. L. medianu* in the middle,
fr. m€diu*; akin to E. mid.] 1. Occupjring a middle
positiott; midway between extremes. 2. Average; hav-
ing an intermediate value.— n. 1. That wliich is mean,
or intermediate ; middle point or place, rate or degree ;
mediocrity. 2. A mathematical quantity having an in-
termediate value between several others, of which it ex-
presaoB the resultant value. 3. That which helps to
attain an end ; instrument ; — usually in pi. means. 4.
pi. Reaouroes ; property, revenue, etc.
■•-ail'dar (mt-SnMer), n. [L. Maeander a river in
Phrygia, proverbial for its many windings.] 1. A wind-
ing or involved course. 2. A tortuous or intricate move-
ment, —r. t.&L To wind, turn, or twist.
MoftBtBC (mSnTng), n. 1. That which is meant or
intended 7i^ ; object. 2. That which is signified ; sense.
— Heamliig-lM*, a. — Heanlag-ly, adv.
■MSty, adv. In a mean manner ; basely ; poorly.
HeanlMHlT n. 1. The being mean ; want of excel-
lence ; poorness ; baseness ; stinffiness. 2. A mean act.
MmiU (mSnt), imp. & p. p. of Mbak.
HtantUlO' (mSn'tim'), ) n. The intervening time. —
Maui'Wllll*^ r-hwilO, ) adv. During the interval.
Hea'ato (mS's*!), n. A tapeworm larva.
Haa'alM (mCzHx), n. ; pi. in form, but used as King.
in senses 1 & 2. [D. mazeUn little spots.] 1. A conta-
gions febrile disorder, with eruption of red spots ; rube-
ola. 2. A disease of cattle and swine in which the flesh
is flOed with embryos of the tapeworm. 3. pi. Larves of
a tapeworm in the cysticercus stage, when contaf 'ed in
meat. Called also bladder worm*.
■aa'aly (mS'slj^), a. l. infected with measles. 2.
Containing larval tapeworms ; — said of pork and beef.
Meaa'ar-a-bla (m8shtkr-4-bn), a. l. Capable of be-
ing measured or oomputed. 2. Moderate; temperate. —
Htaa^vr-a-Vla-Baaa, n. — Heaa'ar-a-bly, adv.
■auKnrt (mSsh'ttr ; 40), n. [F. mesnrej L. mentura^
f r. meiiri. mennu^ to measure ; akin to Gr. fAerpw', E.
meUr.l 1. A standard oi dimension ; fixed unit of quan-
titr or extent ; rule by which anything is adjusted or
judged. 2. Instnunent for measuring use or quantity.
3. Dimendons or CKpacitj of anything ; sise or extent.
4. Contents of a vessel by which quantity is measured ;
stated amount. 6. Moderation ; due restraint. 6. De-
termined extent, not to be exceeded ; limit ; due propor-
tXoa. 7. The quantity determined by measuring. 8.
B^pilated division of movement, in music, dancing, poe-
try, etc. ; meter ; rhythm. 9. A number contained in a
ffivan number a number of times without a remainder.
xO. A step of a progressive course or policy ; a means to
aa and. ll. Measurement. 12. pi. Qeological beds or
strata. — «. /. [F. mesHrtr, L. mensurare.l 1. To ascer-
tain hv a measuring instrument ; to compute the extent,
quantity, dimensions, or ci^acilhr of, by a rule or stand-
ard ; to value ; to i^praise. 2. To serve as the measure
oL 3. To adjust by a rule or standard. 4. To allot. —
V. i. 1. To make measurements. 2. To result, on meas-
oring. 3. To be of a certain size, quantity, or capacity
. — Meaa'i
according to a standard measure. •
rnr-ar, ».
Haaa'ara-lMa, a. Without measure ; unlimited.
Syn. — Boundless ; vast : immense ; immeasurable.
Moaa'ara-mant »• 1. A measuring ; mensuration. 2.
Extent, sise, capacity, etc., ascertained by measuring.
Heat (mSt), n. [AS. mete.'\ 1. Food, in general ; the
edible part of anythfaig. 2. Fleab of animals used as food.
II He^'toa (mt-saos), n. ting, & pi, [L., passage, fr.
meare to go.] A natural passage or cuud in the body.
Haafy (mSt^j^), a. Abounding in meat.
Ma-0liaill0 (ml-Ubiak), n. [F. micanique mechanics,
L. meehanicu*^ Or. fii);^avuc<k, mechanical, fr. fiifxari) a
machine.] A mechanician; artisan; artificer; one em-
ployed in shaping materials into any structure, machine,
etc., requiring the use of tooin. — i. 1. Pert, to meclum-
ics ; mechanical. 2. Pertainins to artisans.
Ma-ohanno-al (-T-kal), a. 1. Pert, to, or in accord-
ance with, mechanics, or the laws of motion ; pert, to the
quantitative relations of force and matter, as dieting, f r.
mental^ vUaly ehemical^ etc. 2. Pert, to machinery or
tools ; made by a machine or with tools. 3. Done as if
by a machine ; proceeding automatically, or by habit,
without special mtention or reflection. 4. Obtained by
trial, measurements, etc. ; approximate ; empirical. —
Ha-ohanlo-al-ly, adv. — He-dhanio-al-saaa, n.
Msnfcawlfial newsrs, certain simple instrumeuU* sooh u
the lever ana its modifies- la . ^ a
tions (wheel and axle and JTf 1 C* ^
pulley), the inclined plane "Bhj- ll^at.
with its modifications (screw ^" ^3^*» Cw^S
and wedge), wliich convert m v^0^
a small force acting through ^^^ ^^
a great space into a grmt \ ylS;^ 2 A ^^
force acting through a small I WS^^^v^ ^^ IJL
space, or rwr fwjw. XlH^^^ -~^^w'
MaQb'ani'olan (m«k'A. § "^ ^^T
uTsli'an),!!. OneskiUedin J M
the theory or construction ^ % y
of machines ; a machinist. ,^^A A
He-dhanloa (mt-klo^- /^BTi ^
Tks), n. That science, or
branch of applied mathe-
matics, which ta^ats of the
action of forces on bodies.
HaQh'a»laoi (raSk'an-
Ts'm), n. 1. Arrangement
Meehsnieal Powers.
of the parts of a machine; 1 Lfver; 2 Incl)n«d Plane i S
parts of a machine, collect-
Whwl and Axle t 4 Screw i ft
Pulley 1 6 Wedge.
vMv. 2. Mechamcal action. ' ^
Maahfan-lat, n. One sknied in mechanics.
Had'al (mSd'al), ». CF. mSdaille, It. medaplia, fr.
L. metallum metal.] A disk of metal struck with a de-
vice.—v. /. [imp, A p. p. Mbdalbd (-aid or -l*d), or
Mkdallbo ; p. pr. & to. n. Mboauao or Mbdaxxuio.]
To honor with a medal.
Mad^al-lat, n. [Written also medallitt.} 1. One
skilled in ntedals ; collector of medals. 2. Designer of
medals. 3. One given a medal as the reward of merit.
Ma^alOlon (ml-dll'yiin), n. [F. mSdaiUon, See
Msdal.I 1. A large medal or memorial coin. 2. A tab-
let bearing figures represented in relief.
Had'dla (mSd'd'l), V. i. [OF. medfer, metier, F.
m^er, LL.mt«cti/are, dim. fr.L.mi«r(>retomix.] To en-
gage one's self unnecessarily or impertinentlv ; to disturb
another's property without permission. — Hed'AeVt *•
Syn. — Tointerpoee; interfere; intermeddle.
(-slim], a. Oiven to meddlicg; qO>
cioudy intrusive.
n Mrdl-a (mFdT-i), n., pi, of Mbdium.
Ht^Ol-aTal (-^val), a. [L. mediut middle -f aevwm
age.] Relating to the Middle Ages. [Written also me-
dieval.'] [a mean or average ; mean. I
Ha^O-al (-ol), a. [h,medialit,tr.mediu*^ PerLtoj
Ha'Al-ail(-an),a. IL. medianusytr. mediutl} l.Beinc
in the middle ; running through the middle. 2. Situated
in the mldde. — n. A median line or point.
fira, rwMati 3r^ r||d«, fyll, Qra, food, fo'bt, oat. oil. oliatr.
ink.
MEDIATE
354
M¥tMl^ (inydT4t), a. [L. mediate^ -atum, r. t, to
halve, ▼. L, to be in the middle.] 1. Being between the
two eztremea ; interposed. %. Acting by means ; not
direct or immediate.— v. i. To interpose between par-
ties, to effect an agreement. — v. t. To effect by media-
tion ; to bring about as a mediator, instrument, or means.
-Mt'Ol^'tflr, n.-K«'dl-ft-tO'll4a (-A.tS'rT-ol), M¥-
di-«-to-ry (-t«-rf ), a. -Ha'dl-ft'tflr-aliip, n.
He'dl-Atil-ly V-tt-l]^^, a(fr. In a mediate manner ; not
dfarectlv or primarily ; by means ; — opp. to immediately.
■■•^di-a'tioil, n. 1. A mediating ; interposition ; inter-
vention. 2. Reconciliation of parties at rariance ; en-
treaty for another ; intercession.
Had1-M-ttl«(m«da-kA.bM),a. \JU medicabUiM. See
Medical.] Capable of being medicated or healed.
■adio-al (-I-kol), a. [l2L medicali*^ L. medictu be-
longing to heiding, fr. mederi to heal.] 1. Pert, to the
art of healing disease, or science of medicine. 2. Con-
taining medicine ; used in medicine. — HadfllHd-ly, adv,
Hadl^Ml-IIMIIt (-k4-mtfnt), n. [L. medieamentum^ it.
medicare to heal.] Medicine ; healing application.
Madl^Mlta (-kit), V. t. [L. medicare, -catum.'] 1.
To drug. 2. To treat with medicine. — Had'l-oatUII, n.
-Mt8l-M-ttir«(-tTv),/i.
MeHttot-llftl (mt-dTsT-nal), a. 1. HaTing curative
properties ; used to alleviate bodily disorders. 8. Pert,
to medicine ; medical. — Me-dlol-IUl-ly, adv,
Hadl-Ollie (mSdI-sTn), n. [L. medicina (sc. art), fr.
medicinu* medical, fr. medicu* phjrsician.] 1. Science
of the prevention, cure, or alleviation of dlseaae. 2. A
renaedial agent ; remedy ; physic.
H^^di-e'val, etc. Mediaeval, etc.
Me'dl-O'ore (mS'dT^S'kSr), a. [F. ; L. mediocri*, fr.
meditu middle.] Of a middle quality ; of but moderate
excellence ; ordinary. — Ho'di-00'll-ty (-5k'rT-tj^), n.
Medl-tAta (mSda-at), r. L [L. medHaH, -iatue.] To
keep the mind in a state of contemplation ; to muse ; to
reflect. •>«. /. 1. To contemplate. 2. To purpose; to
plan by revolving in the mind. — Had'l-tAtlOO, n.
Sjn. — To MaDFTATB ; Contui platb ; Imtbnd ; consid-
er; ponder; weigh: revolve; study. — We meditate a
design when we are looking for means of accomplishing
it : we contemplate it when the means are at hand, and our
decision nearly made. To intend is stronger, implying
that we have decided to act when opportunity may offer.
Hadl-tA-thr« (-tt-tTv), a. Disposed to meditation.
Htd'l-ttr-n'Be-All (-tSr-rS'nt-on), a. [L. mediterra-
neu* ; meditu middle -f terra land.] 1. Inclosed with
land. 2. Pertaining to the Mediterranean Sea.
He^Ol-vm (mS^dT-ttm), n. ; pi. L. Media (-4), E. Me-
diums f-timz). [L., fr. meditu.^ 1. That which lies hi
the middle, or between other things : (a) Middle place or
degree ; mean. (6) The mean or middle term of a syl-
logism ; that by which the extremes are brought into con-
nection. 2. A substance through which an effect is trans-
mitted from one thing to another. 3. Paper of certain
sixes. — a. Having a middle position or degree ; mean ;
intermediate ; medial.
Hadlar (mSd'lSr), n. [Or. M^<nriAor.] A tree bearing
an apple-like fruit eatable only when decay has begun.
Bwdaey {-\j), n. [OF. meslSe, medUe, meJlfe.'] 1. A
mixture ; confused mass of ingredients ; jumble ; hodge-
podge. 2. A musical compoMtion of passages detached
from several different compositions ; a potpourri. 3. A
cloth of mixed colors, —a. Mingled ; confused.
He^VlOa (mMOlli), n. [L.] 1. Marrow of bones ;
deep or inner portion of a bodily organ or part. 2. Soft
cellular tissue, at the renter of the stem of a plant ; pith.
-He^mitr (-l?r), Mad'nl-la-ry (ro»d'«i-it-rf ), a.
llMe4ll'n(-du's4),n. [L.,fr. Or. M«6ovra.T 1. One
of the Oorgons of classic mythology. 2. [/>/. Medusae
(-b8).] AJellyash.
ll6M(m8d)^ [AS.nied.meord.'] 1. Reward ; rec-
ompense. 2. Deaert; worth.
MELLIFLUOUS
(mSk),a. [Akfai to loel. fi^/BAr.] WkActtm-
per ; patient nnd^r In)nHei« : not vain, himghtr, or ;
sentful ; forbearing. — Hatklj, adv. — — ^'
" Mild ; unassuming ; no "
Srn. — Mild ; unassuming ; humble. See Obktle.
MaWflOhram (mSr'sham), n, [O., lit., sea foam;
meer sea -ffcAoum foam.] 1. A fine white ohMrlike mhi-
eral, soft, and light enough to float In water. Also called
sepiolHe. 2. A tobacco pipe made of this mfawraL
■mC (mSt), r. /. A i. limp. & p. p. Met (mSt) ; p. pr.
& vb. n. MEBTiifO.] [AS. metan, f r. in«, gemitt, a meet-
ing.] 1. To join; to oppose, front to front. 2. To
assemble ; to unite. — n. An assembling together ; as-
sembling of huntsmen for the hunt ; persona who so
assemble, and the phuw of meeting.
HmC, a. [AS. mMte^ SuiUble ; fit M>roper ; appro-
priate ; convenient. — mttltflj, adv. — mmfj'nmu, n.
Hettflllff, n. 1. A coming together ; an assembling.
2. A junction, crossing, or union. 3. A congregation ;
convention. 4. An assembly for worship.
Srn. — Conference ; assembly ; iunction ; onion.
MMting-taOllM' (-hous^), n. A house used as a pboe
of worship; — hi England, a house soused by Dissenters.
HMTa-lo-flaiir (m»g'A.l«-s|jr'), j
iiHara-l . ---
diu.'--i;ii, H.".\ M%lJuH,
Meg'a mfrter t {mSe^^niFtS^r or mt-gim'i-tSr), a.
Mog'a m& ire t { V-^n- -t meter, metre.} In the
mf ts). . >>t- 111. l.iKify,<iC»ti inettfn, or 1,000 kilometers.
Meg am p^T¥ { -Si n ' r tr*)^ n. A million amp^rea.
3H Og ^ A ' Uiere 4 k LI 1^4;' A- tli?.r ). In. [NL. mtgathe-
Meg E the'rl am (-tijt''rT-ftin), J rtMm, fr. Or. ^rysc
-)- r'ridiH.i' U'i^t-] An ^^Jitin^'t nii^tlc quaternary mam-
mail alLi^jJ to t,ti<> ajit<4t«rs im*\ doths.
[NI4. wteoalo$aU'
_ lO^tta'nil'C-sn'rfls),' f rtu, tr. Qt. tL^ym,
^•r-T^Tl, prrnt -^ travpoi liiardrj A gigantic camivorooa
Megatherium Cuvicri.
Haf^a-Tldf (-vSltO, n. A measure of electro-motive
force, amounting to one million volts.
He'gl1m(roS'grTm),n. {¥. migraine, lAj-hemiffrania,
L. hemicrania. Or. tifiuc^ovia ; jiiu- half -|- Kpapiov skulLj
1. A nervous headache, usually confined to one side of the
head. 2. A whim ; freak : in pi., low spirits.
II Hel'sn-choOl-A (mSPSn-kOnT-i), n. [L. See Mbl-
ANCHOLT.] Mental unsoundness characterised by de-
pression of spirits, ill-grounded fears, and delosiona.
Meran Choi Ic 1 li-r^L Ik , f. Giv^T! fi mj^lsTcrtioTy
Stei an Choi y i kriJ-j ^ m. [u f*if/'i*iWf'J»*?T tr^ tlr-
^(Any^tkAidj; fiiUf* -a*Wt bUlik -f loA^ pUl, bUeJ 1-
Iirpri'»iii]i] ut sinrils; d«p dejectifln. 31. CotiUnwd
dcpr('Kiifr>tt of upiritft, Kiiianiiting lo ntTital iiiiioiiudTie«i ;
iTHJatis-tjolift. — Ah 1. l>jpct«<t i ulotiniy ; Jifimal- 2* Pro-
diEi'iMj* i^'t^af 4>vi1 sjid ffTii-1\ cnJafiiik drifts
Sjii* (llii-my : wd ; dLimal; i!4li^ilt0fia : afQIiittive.
I M* lango' iiuriiis^h'^. n. [F 1 a mirture ; medley.
Mo U»' null l'>, >} . fF . , f T. m}lfT to ni ix, 8« Meb-
Lu-. i,;_ui.i^cJ iulm; haiid to Imnd conflict,
Mello-nita (m«1'y«-rEt), r. /. [L, melionn, -oftMS,
to meliorate, fr. melior better.] To make better; to
ameliorate. — v. i. To grow better. — HallO-nKtloa, n.
Hel-Urer-aas (rofiMTfSr-an), n. [L. melli/er; mel,
mellis, honey + fcrre to bear.] Prnducing honey.
Mel-llflll-OllS (-Ifi-fis) [L. melliftutu ; mel, meOU -f
ft, 8, t, S, a, long ; 11, C, 1, 6, «, f, short ; senAte, «vent, tdea, Obey, ftnite, oAre, iirm, Ask, §11, final.
MELLIFLUENT
356
MENISCUS
honey;
A Matkimlon.
B Watennelon.
/ii«r«tofloir1,Hil-imiMllt,a. Flowing m with be
flowing iweeQy or smoothly. — Hel-llflll-«llOO, it.
Hmow (inSnft), o. [AS. mearu soft.] 1. Soft or
tender from ripeness. %. Not coarse, rough, or harsh ;
snbdued ; delicate. 3. Well matured ; softened by years.
4. Warmed 1^ liquor ; slightly intoxicated. * r. t.&L
To make, or become, mellow. — HallOW-IMM, n.
■•-lO'dA-OB (mt4yd«-ttn), n. [NL., fr. Or. iMk»fUt
musicaL] 1. A small reed organ. 2. A music ball.
■e-lMlo (-ISdTk), a. Pert, to melody ; melodious.
~~ I (•IS'dT-Bs), a. Containing, or producing,
«1 ; agreeable to the ear. — ■•-lo'dl-oas-
Yf^adv. — Ht-lO'dl-OUI-iiMim n. [melodies, i
■•Fa-dlst (mSl^ft-dlst), n. A composer or singer of |
Hal'<^dlM (-dls), V. t To make melodious ; to form
into, or set to, melody. * r . i. To compose melodies.
Ul'O^ni'BUI (ma'd-dri/mi), n. [F. mHodrame, fr.
Or. lUkH song -f ap^fia drama.] A drama abounding in
romantic senttment and agonising situations, with a par-
tial musical accompaniment. —nl^O^ni-IIUIflO (-drA-
mltrrk),a.
■d^KAy (-dy), n, [L. metodto, Or. M<A^'a a sing-
lag, fr. lukifUi melodious ; il4Xo9 tune + M song.] 1. A
■weet or agreeable soooession of sounds. 2. A rhythmical
snooeasion of single musical tones, forming a musical
whole. 3. Air or tune
ol a musical piece.
Brn. — See HAmMOXT.
iUl'OB(-liD),ii. [F.,
fr. L. meto.] The juicT
fruit of certain cucurbfr.
taceous plants.
■•lt(mat),v.<.&i.
timp. & p. p. MsLffSD
{obt. p. p. MOLTBH (mSl'-
t*n) ); p.pr.A vb. n. Mbltwo.] [AS. tneltan.'l 1. To
change from a solid to a liquid state, as by heat ; to liquefy.
5. To soften : to relax ; to weaken ; to dissolve.
Syn. — To liquefy; fuse; thaw; mollify; soften.
Mel'ton (mOtfin), n. A stout woolen cloth with un-
finished face and without raised nap.
■•■ilMr (mSm'bSr), n. [OE. & F. metnbre^ fr. L.
memhrum.^ 1. A part oi an animal capable of perform-
ing a distinct oiBce ; organ ; limb. 2. An independent
oonstltnent of a body ; part of a discourse, period, or
sentence ; clause ; either of the two parts of an algebraic
aquation, connected by the sign of equality ; any essen-
tial part of a building ; one of the persons composing a
society, community, aasociation, etc
MtnlMr-llltp, ». 1- The being a member. 2. Col-
leotlTe body of members, as of a society.
MWJiTlH Dl'Otnni (mSm'bri-ni'shQs), a. [L. mem-
hrtmaetug.'l 1. Membranous. 2. Thin and rather soft
or^iable, as learea of the rose, peach tree, aspen, etc.
■imlimM (-brin), n. [F., fr. L. membrana skin
oorering the separate members of t:.e body, fr. L. mem-
bnun. See Msima.] A thhn laver of tissue, covering
or Uningsome part or orsan. — Hon-lini'lM-OllS (-bri'-
nt-Bs), ■bm'ton-BOW (-bri-nttB), a.
MmmbIo (mt-mSn't^), n./ pi. Mumrros (-t9x).
[Lb. remembert imper. of meminitte to remember.] A
tint, or memorial, to awaken memory ; a souvenir.
Mtn'olr (mSm'wBr or mSm'-), or p/. MtOl'Oill
(•wSrs), fi. FF. mSmoirCf m., memorandum, f., memory,
L. metnoria,} 1. A history composed from personal ex-
pertonoe and memory. 2. Abioeraphy. 3. An account
of something noteworthy ; record of investigations ; Jour-
nds and proceedings of a society.
I HMfd-im-Ml'fa (mSm^^-rA-bTinr-i), n. pL [L., fr.
w^etmorabUit memoraMe.] Thinss worthy of record.
Mi&af9^nVU (-ri-bH), a. [L. tnemorabilis, fr. me-
morors to remind, fr. memor mindfuL] Worthy to be
iboed; important. —Mtai'a-n-Dl7,a<fr.
(^Itt'dttm), n. ; pi. E. Mbmoeak-
DVMs (-dBma), L. Mbmoraitda (-di). [L., something to
be remembered.] A record of somethlug to be remem>
bered ; note of some transaction.
■0-lllO^-al (mt-mS^rT-/!!), a. [F. ; L. memoriaHi^
it. memoria.'\ 1. Serviug to preserve remembrance
commemorative. 2. Contained in memory. "^ *'
3. Mne-
ly, or from*
ipy heart.]
9 memory;!
monic ; assisting memory. — ». 1. Anything preaerving
the memory of a person or event ; a monument. 2. A
written representation of facts, addressed to the govern-
ment, to a society, etc. 3. An Informal state pep^ri
much used in diplomatic negotiation. [monal. [
He^mo'Il-al-Ut, n. One who writes or signs a me-l
Me-mo^-al-ll* (-Iz), r. /. To address or petition by
a memorial ; to preseut a memorial to.
llM0-lllOI/l-t«r(-m6ra-t8r), od--. [L.] By, or I
memory. [to learn \ '^'
anafO-f^MB (mSm'ft-riz), r. /. Tocommittoi
•m'O-ry {-rf ), n. [0£. & of. memories F. tnSmciret
L. tnemoria, fr. memor luindful.l 1. Facultv by which
the mind retains knowledge of previous thoughts or
events. 2. The reach and posltiveness with which a
person can remember ; trustworthiness of one*s power
to recall the past. 3. Remembrance. 4. Time within
which past events can be remembered. 6. 8<»nething
remembered ; tradition ; posthumous fame.
8yn. — Mbmort ; Rbmxmbrancb : RiooxxBonoir ; Rnc-
unacsfCB. — Memory is the generic term, denoting the
power by which we reproduce past impressions. Bemem-
hrance is an exercise of that power when things occur
tpontaneou^u to our thoughts. In recollection we en-
deavor to coiled agaiut or call back, what has been for-
merly in the mind. Reminiscence Is intermediate between
remembrance and recollection, being a conscious process
of recalling past occurrences, out without that full refer-
ence to pMtlcular things which characterises recollection.
Man (mfo), n.^pl. of Mah.
MMl'aoo (mSiiHU ; 2), n. [F., fr. L. minaciae threats,
fr. minax^ -aciSj projecting, threatening, minae pinnacles,
threats.] Show of an intention to Inflict evil ; threat ;
indication of a coming evil. — r, t. & i. To threaten.
II K^nif*' (mt'nizhO, n. Manege.
Hen-lli'«r-to (mSn-Ish'8r-j^), n. [F., fr. mSnager to
keep house.] 1. Place where animals are kept and
trained. 2. Show of wild animals.
■and (mSnd). V. t. [Abbr. fr. amend.^ 1. To repair
(anything torn, broken, defaced, decayed, etc.). 2. To
alter fo£ the better ; to set right ; to quicken. 3. To
help; to advance ; to add to.— r. i. To grow better;
to become Improved. — Hand'a-llla, a.
Syn. — To improve ; help ; better ; emend ; amend.
■an-da'cloiis (mfo-di'shtls}, a, "
rL._m«n<fajr, -oH«,
lying.] 1. 01 ven to deception : lying. 2. False ; counter-
felt. — Man-da'oloiui-iiaas, Man-daol-ty (-dls^-t]^), n.
8 jn. — Lying ; deceit ; untruth ; falsehood.
■an'di-oailt (-dT-kant), a. [L. mendieanSj -antiM^ p.
pr. of mendicare to beg, fr. mendictu beggar.] Practicing
beggary ; living on alms. — n. A beggar. — Man'ttf
oan-ey (-kon-iy), Han-dlol-ty (-dlsa-t^), n.
■an-lia'dan (-hi^^n), n. An American marine fish
of the Herring family, valuable for its oil and as a com-
ponent of fertuisera ; — called also mossbunkerf bony/Uhf
chebog^pogy^ hardhead^ whilefith^ etc.
■anial (mSn'val or mS'nT-al ; 26), a. [OF. maUniSe.
See Mansiom.] 1. Belonglnff to a retinue of servants ;
performing servile office. 2. Pertaining to servants;
low ; mean. — n. 1. A domestic servant ; one employed
in low offices. 2. A person of servile disposition.
■a-nln'caa (ml-nln'jSz), n. pi. [NL., fr. Or. iiiivty$t
-tyyiK, membrane.] The three membrrjiea enveloping
the brain and spinal cord ; the pla mater, dura mater,
and arachnoid membrane.
WimkfUk'gytlM (m»nOfn-JItTs), n. [NL.1
tion of the membranes of the brain or spinal cord.
Ma-nla'OllS (m^-nTsntBs), n. ; pi. L. Mainacx (-si), B.
Mnnsousas (-ktis-Ss). [NL., fr. Or. iiiiviaKoty dim. of
ffiB, ftOMli Oibi rv4ar fyUt ^knt f^bd, t^bt, oat, oil, otialr, go, tUi^ Ink, Chen. thin.
MENSAL
S66
MERMAID
|(uiM moon.] 1. A areicttat. 2. A lens contez on om
)
I mad conoave on the other.
n'Ml (mSn'aal), o. [L. tnentalUj fr.
I table. J Belonging to the table.
MtOludtO* [L.inenn« month.] Oocuning
onoe in a month ; monthlj.
|]Mflai'Mt('aBs),n.p<. [L.men*iBfpl.menset
montha, monthly courses of women.] The
oatfttnfiiiifll or menstrual discharge.
MMl'Stni'Al (-stry-ol), a. [L. merutrualis.']
1. Recurring onoe a month ; gone through in a month.
2. Pert, to the mensea. 3. Pert, to a menstruumt
Han'StniHlU* (4Et), v. i, [L. menttmare, •aium.'} To
discharge the menses ; to have the catamenial flow. —
Hcn'ltni-IUII (-ttm), n. [L. mentiruiu.'} Any sub-
stance which dissolTes a solia body ; a solvent.
MMllni-im-ldA (-shy-ri-b'l), a. [L. meruurabUiMt fr.
menturare to measure, fr. meruura measure.] Capable
of being measured ; measurable. — Hen'sa-ni-llU-B0M,
MMl^sn-n-lllll-ty (-blll-tj^), ». [measure. |
MMl'lll-flll (-rol), a. [L. mensuralU.} Pertaining to |
Hen'sn-ntioil (-rl^shttn), n. 1. A measuring. 2.
That branch of applied geometry which determines the
length of lineSf areas of surfaces, or volumes of solids,
from certain da^ of lines and angles.
Man'tal, o. [L. mentum chin.] Pert, to the chin. —
n. Scale covering the chin of a fish or reptile.
Han'tll, a. [F., fr. L. mentalU^ fr. niens^ mentis^
mind ; akin to E. mind.'\ Pert, to the mind ; intellectual.
Hantld-lTt odv. In the mind ; inteUectiully.
II HrallUI (-thA), n. [L. See Blnrr, the plant.] A
fragrant herb, hicluding peppermint, spearmhit, etc.
Hentlldl (-thSl), n. L^^'^ + -<»•] A white crys-
talline aromatic substance resembling camphor, extract-
ed from oil of peppermint.
MmtUm (-shon), n. [F. ; L. merUio, fr. root of me-
ministe to remember. ]_ A speaking of anything.— r. /.
To speak briefly of. — Han'tloil-a-llla, a.
MMlttr (nifin^r), n. [Name of the counselor of
Telemachus, Or. M^vraop.] A wise monitor.
II Md-nil' (me-nyO, n. [F.] Bill of fare.
II He-phltls (mt-fltTs), n. [L.] Foul exhalation. —
ibj^lilFlo (m»-nt^k), Me-phltlo-al, a,
mk^^'tkm (mifi-tTx'm), n. Mephitis ; foul smell.
Htr'oail-tll* (mSrOdtn-tTl), a. [F. ; It. mercajaile, fr.
L. mercans, -eantU^ p. pr. of mereari. See Mbechakt.]
Pert, to merchants or to trade ; commercial.
Syn.—MBBCAKTiiJi ; Coiiii««ciAL.—Co»ninerrifl/ relates
to the shipping, freighting, forwardhig, and other business
oonnectea with the commerce of a country, that is, the
exchange of commodities : while mercantile applies to the
sale of merchandise and goods when brought to market.
Hcr^oe-nt-ry (-st-ni-ry), a. [F. mercenaire^ fr. L.
mereenariust fr. mercea wages.] 1. Acting for reward ;
hired; venal. 2. Greedy of gam; sordid.— n. A hire-
ling ; a soldier hired into foreign service. — Her'oe-IIA-
xl-fy, adv. — Hef^oe-na-rl-BaM, n.
Syn. — SeeVBNAL.
HefOCr (-s8r), n. [F. merrier^ fr. L. merx^ mercis.
See Mbrchaitt.] A dealer in textile fabrics.
Mtr'OCr-y (-/)« n. Trade or goods of a merc«r.
Mtr'olUUl-diM (-chan-d!s), n. [F. marchandise.'] 1.
Objects of commerce ; wares ; goods. 2. Trade ; traffic.
— «>.<.& t. To trade ; to buy and sell.
Mtr'olUUIt (-chant), n. [OE. & OF. marchonty fr.
L. meroari to traffic, fr. merx, mereU^ wares.] 1. One
who traffics on a large scale. 2. One who keeps a store
or shop to sell goods ; shopkeeper. [U. S.& Scot. ] — a.
Pert, to, or employed in, trade or merchandise.
Hcr'oluuit-a-lllo (-&^bU), a. Fit for market ; salable.
MefOlUUIt-man, n. Trading vessel ; ship for trans-
porting goods, as distbig. fr. a man-of-war.
Hcr'oi-tlll (-si-fvl), a. 1. Full of mercy ; disposed
2. UnwOUng to giy pain ;
•fnl-ly (mir'sf.fvl.V), advT
lioDato ; humane ; mOd ; benli
to pity and qiAra. 2. UnwOUng to i
donate.— Mtr^fBl-lT' ^=^^- • •
Syn. — Compasdoi
H«r'ol-lMW, a. Destitute of mercy; unsparing.—
H«rMI-lMS-ly, adv, — Mw^ot-laM mil, ».
Syn. — Cruel ; unmerciful ; pitiless ; savage.
■•r-oa'M-Al (-ku'rT-al), a, 1. Like Mercnry ; swift ;
sprightly ; fickle ; changeable. 2. Pert, to Mereury as the
god of trade ; crafty. 3. Pert, to mercury. 4. Caused
by use of mercury. — H«r-0ll11-Al-l7, adv,
Hefoa-rr (mer^fl-rV), n. [L. Jfereuriut; akin to
merz wares.^ 1. A Latin god of commerce and gain ; —
identified mth the Greek Hermes, messenger of the
gods and god of eloquence. 2. A metallic element, a
heavy, opaque, glistening liquid (commonly called ovidb-
tilr^y used in barometers, thermometers, etc. 3. Planet
nearest the sun. 4. Messenger ; newspaper.
Hcr'oy (m%z'i^)y n. [F. mereiy L. mercer, mereedit,
reward.] 1. Forbearance to inflict harm ; oompaasioo.
2. Favor; beneficence. 3. Pity; wilUngness to help^
Srn. — See Gkace.
■•ra (mSr), n. [AS.] A pool or lake.
Hen, n. [AS. gemMre,] A boundanr.
H«r«, a. [L. menu.} 1. Unmixed; entire; ab«K
lute. 2. Only this, and nothing else ; simple ; bare.
M«ra1y, adv. 1. Absolutely. 2. Not otherwise than.
Syn. — Solely ; simply ; puraly ; barely ; only.
Here-tzl'dollS (mir^i-trTsh'Os), a. [L. meretrieius,
f r. meretriZy -icUy one who earns money (by prostitution),
f r. merere to gain. See Mxbit. ] 1. I^rt. to prostitutes ;
lustful. 2. Like a harlot; gaudily ornamental ; tawdry.
— Mer d-tzl'oloiui-ly, adv. — Mar^e-til'oloiui-iien, a.
HergB (mSrj), v. (. & i. [L. mergere, mersum.'] To
immerse ; to sink : to absorb.
Hcr'gtr (mSr^jir), n. 1. One that merges. 2. Ab-
sorption of one estate, contract, offense, etc., in a greater.
■•-lldl-All (m^-rTd^-mi), a. [L. meridUmtu per-
taining to noon, fr. meridies noon ; mediu*' middle -f
dieM day.] 1. Pert, to midday ; belonging to the highest
point attained by the sun in his diurnal course. 2. Pert
to the highest point or culmination. — a. 1. Midday;
noon. 2. Highest point of success, prosperity, etc. ;
culmination. 3. A great circle of the sphere paaring
through the poles of the heavens and the aenith of a
gi f^" r-ir, ^j jg :-- sd by the sun at midday. 4. An
mih^bidiiry ^rr-^ii anU-^ <m the surface of the earth, pass-
ing t]ir<Hii;1i thf- |y:»1e# [md any given plaoe.
ife-rld^l-0-ltfll (-^-T^r^l), a. 1. Pert, to the meridian.
2. 1 1 :i V t r I c -i ■^" 1 1 f ^iHr'ri l ^tpect ; southerly.
Meringue' i^: uT'rto'g*; ^. mS-rifag'), ii. [F.] A
pabir> uuiaIu ofpowderud sugar and whites of eggs.
He-xlllO (me-rCnft), a. [Bp., moving from pasture to
pasture.] 1. Pert, to a variety of sheep with very fine
wool, originally bred hi Spain. 2. Made of the wool of
the merino sheep.— n. 1. A breed of sheep originally
from Spain. 2. A fine fabric of merino wool.
Merit (mSr^t), n. [F. mhitCy L. m«riiumy fr. merere,
mereriy to deserve.] 1. The deserving well or ill : desert.
2. A deserving well; worth; excellence. 3. Reward
deserved ; token of excellence or approbation.— r. t.
[F. mSrilery L. meritarty v. inteus. fr. merere.] 1. To
earn by performance ; to deserve. 2. To incur.
Hert-tO'lrl^rai (-T-tS'rT-lis), a. Possessing merit ; de-
serving reward. — HeTl-tO^-OBS-ly, adv. — Wu'lrW-
ri-ons-naM, n.
M«l ) (mSrl), n. [F. mierley L. mertda.} The Euro-
Merle I pean blackbird.
Merlin {m8raTn)t n. [F. Smerillon ; prob. fr. L.
merula.'] A small European falcon.
Merlon (-15n), n. [F., perh. fr. L. moenuy tormmru*
wall.] One of the solid parts of a battlemented par^iet.
Merlnald (mSr'mSd), n. [AS. mere lake, sea. B.
maid.'l A fabled sea nymph, having a woman's body,
but a fishes tail. Instead of legs. *
ft, 9, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, «, I, &,«, t, short ; sanftte, 3vent, Idea, 6bey, Unite, eftre, ftrm, ftsk,§]],flMU.
MERMAK
367
METAl»HystCS
I (mir'man), n. Hale corresp. to mermaid.
Mt (mSr^-bllst), n. [Or. fiipot part +
■btasi.} An orum, m that of a mammal, conauting of
both a genninal portion and an albuminoua or nutritive
one ; — opp. to holoUtut.
WL&ttJ (mSr'rj^), a. [AS. merge, myriae, pleasant]
1. Laughingly gay ; overflowing with spirits ; sportive.
2. Gansing laughter^ mirth, gladness, or delight. — Htr'-
il-ly, Acff. — H«ra-iien,
Syn. — Cheerful; lively ; joyous ; sportive ; hilarious.
Mnfnr-an'arew (-lu'drH), n. A buffoon ; zany.
■er'nr-lliak'llIC (•mSkTng), a. Making mirth. — n.
Conviviality ; merriment ; ioUlty.
Mw^'tbaugbt' (-that/), n. The forked bone of a
fowrs breast ; — called also wishbone.
\\WWulli'BBO¥{v^'*^Piiatf),n. [F.] A marriage
wHh one of inferior social position ; misalliance.
II HerdailMS' {F. mt'dlmOf Am pl- of Madams.
lH0ren-O«plL'A-lOB(m«s'«n.«Sr>A.19n),n. [NL. See
Mbo- and Ekcsfhaloit.] Middle segment of the brain ;
— abbr. mesen. — Het'en-Ot-pludIO (-st-fSiak), a.
MM^OB-tor-y (-tSr-j^), n. TGr. iitvwrdfMw; itiatK
middle + itrrtpcv intestine.] Membrane connecting the
intestines with the dorsal wall ot the abdominal cavity.
— Hm'an-tsi'lo (-tSrTk)* a.
Meall (mSah), A. [AS. maee.'] 1. Space inoloaed by
threads of a net between knot ana knot, or threads inclos-
ing such a q;Mce. 2. Engagement of the teeth of wheels,
or of a wheel and rack. — v. t. To catch in a mesh. ^
V. L To engage with each other, as the teeth of wheels.
He'idAl (ml>shal). a, [Or. m^oxk.] Middle ; median ;
internal ; — opposed to lateral. — Ha'idAl-lT, adv.
Kssial plaas, the meson.
HM'llMr-um (m8s'm8r-Tz*m), n. [Fr. Metmer, who
exhibited it at Vienna, about 1776.] An inducing an ab-
normal state of the nervous system, in which the actor
claims to control the actions, and communicate directly
with the mind, of the reciiident. — Hes'OMr-IStf n. —
■M-merlo (-mSr^k), Hfls-mtrflD-al, a.
M«i^er-lM (-is), v. /. To bring into a state of mes-
meric sleep. — MMWr-fwr, n.
Ham6(m8n),a. [Cf. MxAX, intermediate.] Middle;
intervening ; as, a metne lord, or one holding land of a
■uperior, but grantfaig part of it to another.
MM'OHMUn (mfia'^-Ufarp), n. IMeso- + (>r. xopirdc
fknitj Middle layer of a pericarp having three layers.
OMm^OB (mS8^u),n. [NL.] MesiJ plane dividing
the body of an animal into similar right and left halves.
Here-tho'nx (-^-th^rSks), n. [Meeo- + ihorax.-\
Middle segment of the thorax in insects.
M«ro-ZO^ (.ft-sSak), a. IMeto- -f Or. ^wij life.]
Belonging to the secondary or reptilian age.
Mass (.mSs), n. [OF. met, LL. miMum, p. p. of mit-
tere to place («. 9., on the table), L. mittere to send.] 1.
Food set on a table at one time ; provision for one meal.
S. A numbei of persons who eat together. 3. A disa-
neeable mixture or confusion of things ; result of blun-
dering. iCoUoq.l^v. i. To take meals with a mess;
to eat (with others). — v. t. To supply with a mess.
HM'Bftga (m«a^j ; 2), n. [F., fr. LL. miuaticum,
fr. L. mittere, misjtum, to send.] 1. A notice sent from
one person to another. 2. An official communication,
not made in person, but delivered by a messenger.
Mes'MB-ffar (-sSn-jSr), n. [OE. & F. me*sagtr.'\ 1.
One who bears a message, notice, or invitation ; servant
who bears messages. 2. One that foreshows or foretells.
Sjm. — Carrier ; harbinger ; precursor ; herald.
Hea-d'ah (-•i'A), n. [Heb. mashlakh anointed, fr.
m6*hakh to anoint.] The expected king and deliverer of
the Hebrews; the Savior; Christ. — Hos-Sl'all-slllp, f>.
Merst-anlo (-sT-Xnlk), a. R<^1ating to the Messiah.
Mas-sFas (-siOh), n. [LL.] The Messiah.
Hes'stoim (mesh'ySn ; F. mt^syS'), n. pi. [F. ; pi.
H montieur.'\ Sirs ; gentlemen ; — abbr. to Messrs.
(mSs'mif ), n. An associate in a mesa.
HM'SUAfS (-swtj ; 2), n. [OF. metuage, fr. L. fmi-
nere, mansum, to stay, E. mansion.^ A dwelling house,
with adjacent buildings and lands.
M«»-tM' {'W\ n. [See Mbstizo.] Offspring of a
white person and quadroon. [Written also muttee.^
Hw-tl'lO (•tS's^), Hw-tl'ttO (•tS'u^), n. [8p. mes-
tizo; akin to OF. mestis, F. ntitis; L. mixttu, p. p. of
miscere to mix.] The offspring of an Indian or negro
and one of European stock. [_Spanith America.1
Htt (m9t), imp. & p. p. of Burr.
Htt'a-oar'mui (mSt/i-kar^ptts), n. [KL., fr. Or. iLrra-
Kopwtov ; ftrrd beyond, between + ropir^f wrist] That
part of the skeleton of the hand or forefoot between car-
pus and phalanges. — Hot'a-oai'Ml, a. & n.
Hd-tag'lUI-tJIOIIS (ml-tSR^nArthlis), a. [Pref . meta-
-f Or. Y^iBot jaw.] Cross-biUed : — said of certain birds.
HeTal (mfit^al or m«f *1), n. (F. mital, L. metallum.}
1. An elementary substance having peculiar luster, in-
soluble in water, and usually solid at ordinary temper-
atures. 2. Material; character; temper. 3. Courage;
spirit ; mettle. — He-talOlo (mt-tiQITk), a.
Het'al-Uf tr-ODB, a. Producing metals.
Hd-talll-fonB (m$-tXiaT-f8rm), a. [L. metattum -f
-form.'] Having the form or structure of metal.
Het^al-liSt (mSt'al-lTst). n. One skilled in metals.
Het'al-loid (-loid), n. tL.metaUum + 'Cid.^ One of
several elementary substances which in the free state are
unlike metals, and whose compounds possess or {Mroduee
acid, rather than basic, properties ; anonmetal ; aa. boron,
carbon t phoaphonia, nitngf^n, oxygeu, sulphur, rlilorine,
broiuhu^^ fttr . — <i. 1. HAving tbe aiiiM^hratict of \i metaL
2. Huviiij? |ir.i]i^rUci^ of a noum^UL : nrid ; i](»|^ative.
Wet'al-lUTffy t, Jflrjy), n. [F, mHfUturpff ; ar.iU-
T«AA(U' II iT]iu4' -J- rcxiL i>f 4a>ok wt>rk-] Art'of working
mcuu - Net al-lUT'Eio, H«l ja-tttf^flo^p ^. -m&V-
al-lur glat, fK
Wei a mer'k} ^^nilr'Tk), a. [Ptijf. metfi- -|^ Or, fiipot
part } H.vv1ii|; thu ao-me cfhemlciLl elf^monta unii^'?*! in the
saiEir i>iij]j<>nii3i] by u-i-Vlit, and: wCttj the same luotecidar
wtlgtit^ tmt of iJilft'rent itnirtiire miiA pro^>e»rtiej!i-
met a-nKU^hlc ^xuai^f Tk ), a, [3c^ Atrr AMom-aosn.]
1. Si I bject to c ti luicftf . %. Ctisiii^E n g' i i] ftt ructurv:. — HM^
a-mor'plilfliii ( )Te'i;i>, n,
Mflt a mor'phoae \-it,i^\ M«t a-m<»rl)hls« {-m),v.t.
To vi>*iig*> UiUM m uiu«;«vui iui'ui ; U» transfoTu.
Htt'a-morlMMHda (-f ft-sTs), HM'a-mor'i^oM (-f«s),
n. [L., fr. Or. fyicTaxiop^M<rt«, fr. fimifMp^va^tflu to be
transformed ; fi«rd -f- nopM form.] 1. Change of form
or structure ; transformation. 2. A change in the form
or function of a living organism, by natural growth or de-
velopment ; that form of sexual reproduction in which an
embryo undergoes a series of marked changes of external
form, as the chrysalis stage, pupa stage, etc., in insects.
Hat'a-phor (-fer), n. [Or. Mcro^pa, fr. fAcru^pctv to
transfer ; luera -f ^p9w to bring.] Transference of the
relation between one set of objects to another set for ex-
flanation ; a conipreased simile. — Htt'a-phor'lo (-fSr^-
k), HM'a-phoHiHd, a. — Het'a-i^hor^liHd-ly, adv.
Mef a-WAM (-<riz), n. [Or. iJLtr&^paws, fr. urra-
^p^^ety to paraphrase ; ftcrd -|- ^pA^tw to speak.] 1.
Translation from one language into another, word for
word ; — opp. to paraphrase. 2. An answering phrase ;
repartee. — Met'a-|riinrtlo (-f risaTk), a.
Het^a-phy-fll'Qlan (mit/i-fT-sTsh^on), n. One versed
in metaphysics.
HM'a-pliyailM (-fTzmEs), n. [Or. M«rA ra ^ovutA
after physics, f r. firrd + ^vo-uctff relating to external na-
ture, physical, fr. ^v<nt nature ; — applied by followers of
Aristotle to that part of his writings which came after the
part treating of physiee. ] 1. Science of real as disting. f r.
Shenomenal being ; ontology ; science of first principles.
!. MenUl philosophy : psychology. — Het'a-pliys'lO^d,
Mota-phyalo, a.— Hora-phya'lo-al-ly, adv.
fCm, raoeati ftrb^ ni<^ 'V^ ^^"^ <ood, f<^t, out oil, eludr, so, sing, ink, then, t»ii«»-
MfiTAPLASM
35d MI
Mtl'A-plaSBI (m8t^4-plli*in), n. [Or. fLrwrkaaitM ;
lurri. + vAflUrvf tv to mold.] A change in the letton or
■jllAblea of a word.
M«f A-tarOms (-tiir'tlU), n. [NL.] That part of the
skeleton of the hiiad or lower limb between taraua and
phalangea. — M«f t-Ur'Md, a,&n.
■•-tAtll'e4ds (m^-tith'S-ala), n. [L., fr. Or. ^cr^c-
91%^ tt. iirrariBipai to place differently, to tranapoae ;
fi«rd -f- ntfevcu to place, set.] 1. Tranapoaition, as of
theletteraorsyUftbleaof aword. 2. The exchange, sub-
stitution, or replacement of chemical atoms and radicals.
~Het'A-th«lio (mst/&4hetak), H«ra-tlMtio4d, a.
U^H^tL'tbu^nm (mSt'i-thyrXks), n. [Pref. meta- +
thomx.'\ Posterior secment of thorax in insects.
M«to (mSt), V. L [AS. melon ; aUn to L. fiMdtw, E.
meaturt.] To measure.— n. Measure; limit.
■e-tamp'sy-OllO'llS (m^-temp/sT-kS'sTs), n. [Or.
Iirrtfiiffvx**'^ • M«^ •j-ivin-i- ^bvx^ soul.] Passage of
the soul at death into another liTiug body, brute or hu-
man; transmigration of souls.
■•^to^HT (mVtMr), ». [Or. ^crMipov ; m«ti£ -f iwpa
suspensioa In the air, fr. iMiptu^ to lift.] 1. Any ohe-
nomenon in the atmosphere, as clouds, rain, etc 2. A
tramiient luminous body seen hi, or aboTe, the atmosphere.
lU'ta-or'lO (-Brtk), a. 1. Pttrt. to meteors ; atmos-
pheric 2. Pert, to the weather. 3. Flashing ; brilliant.
M»t»-or-lt* (-8r-it), n. A mass of stone or iron fallen
to the earth from
space; an aerolite.
(-»r^-nt), «. IMe-
teor-^-lUe,} Ame-
teorio stone ; aiiro
lite ; meteorite.
Bif / tt-cr-ol ^ 0-
gtot (•Sr-a'ft.JTst),
fi. One skilled in
meteorology.
Bsotlon of a nifoc of a Meteorits, or
Bietsorie Iron.
K6yot disooorse.J Science of the atmosphere and its
phenomena, esp. its heat, winds, storms, etc. — H^^t*-
oro-lorio (■Sr'ft-lSfTk), H«'t0-or'O-loriO4d, a.
Wlt^Ug (mB^r), n. 1. One that metes or measures.
2. Instrument for measuring (water, gas, etc.), and usu-
ally for recording the atiantity measured.
md^tUt \ n. [F. tn^ret L. metrum, fr. Or. ikirow.
Mt'tra,) See M>n to measure. 1 1. Rhythmical ar-
rangement of syllables or words into verses, stanxas,
strophes, etc ; poetical measure ; rhythm ; verse. 2. A
measure of length, equal to 39.37 English hiches, the
standuxl of linear measure in the metric system of
weights and measures. [measuring. I
■•^•r-am (-^J)« "• A measuring, or the cost of|
H«tll'MM(mSth'in).n. [3fyristic+efA^.] Alight,
colorless, gaseous, inflammable hydrocarbon ; marsh gas.
M0-tlMCllB (ml-th8g^n), n. [W. meddyglyn ; medd
mead -f- uiP^ liquor, juice. 1 A fermented beverage made
of honej and water ; mead.
Me-tmnki' (mt-thTQksO, V. impers. [imp. Msthouoht
(•thf^t^).] [AS. pynean to seem, mi pyneeS, me P&hte,
OE. me ihinketht me tKoughU.'] It seems to me.
Mttlt'ad (mith'fid), n. [Or. iiiBoioi \ pirra + 6S<k
way.] 1. Orderly procedure or process ; regular manner ;
way ; mode. 2. Orderly arrangement, development, or
olassiflcation ; arrangement peculiar to an individual.
Syn. — Mvtrod: Modb; Mxinm; order; system;
rule : regularity ; way ; course ; process ; means. —
Method implies arrangement ; mode, mere action or exist-
ence. Me/ hod is a way of reaching a given end by a eeries
of acts tending to secure it ; mode relates to a single action,
or to a series of acts, viewed as a whole. Manner is the
handling of a thing, and embraces both method and mode.
Md-thOdlo (mft-thBdnrk), ) a. Arranged with regard
■0-tllOdlO-al (-T-kal), ) to method ; systemaUc.
(mith^^Tst), n. One of a sect of Chri**
tiana, founded in 1729 by John and Charles Wesley; —
so csiled from their methodical strictness in religioas
duties. -Halk'o^tot, M«tli'»4inio, Halh'a^la'llo-
alUT-kal), a. - Hath'^^Jim (-dTs'm), n.
Math'od-lM (-&d-ls>, V. t. To reduce to method; to
arrange conveniently. ~ M«tll'od4'ier, n.
■ath'Ol (-Sn, ». [Or. il40v wine -f -of.] Methyl
alcohol or wood spirit.
Md-tboockt' (mft-thfttO. imp. of Mnvms.
Httlt'yUm^th'n), n. A hydrocarbon radical not exist-
ing alone but regarded as an essential residue of methane,
-■•-tliyllo (m«-thn^), a.
II m^t&r (mtalsn, n ■i'tlf (-ttf O, n.wi. )[ F. ;
II K^dlM' (mt'ttsO, n Hi'ttTe' (-tftvO, n. /. { aUn
to Bp. mestizo. See HnTin>.l 1. The offsprimp of a
white person and an American Indian. 2. The ofrnwinK
of a white and a quadroon ; an octoroon. [Loenl, U. 5.]
Ho-ton^-my (mft-t8n^-mj^), n. [L. mttonymia^ Or.
ficTMVi^^; ^rra -|- orv/M^ for M<o^ia name.] A trope
in which one word is put for another that suggests It.
— Mero-nymlo (mSt^^-nTmak), H«r»«ymiMa, a.
Hat'0-p« (mSfft-pS), n. [NL., fr. Or. iKwriw^x /uri
•f hmi^ openinff, hole.] 1. The space between two tri-
glyphs of the Doric friexe. 2. The face of a crab.
■•tn (mS'tSr), ». Meter.
Mitrxio (mSt^rik), a. [Or. jMrpuctfc. See Mrbl]
1. Relating to, involvfaig, or proceeding by, measuremoit.
2. Pert, to the meter as a standard of measurement, or
to the decimal system of which a meter is the unit.
MatkkHd (-rl-kal), a. 1. Pert, to meter ; arranged
in meter ; consisting of verses. 2. Pert, to measure-
ment, esp. to the metric system. — Hetllo-al-ly, odr.
Ho-trop'O-lla (mt-trOp'^lIs), n. [L. ; Or. ^ifrpovo^if,
prop., mother city (in relation to ootonies) ; fiwiP mother
+ wdJUf city.] 1. Chief city of a countrv. 2. Seat, or
see, of the metropolitan, or highest church dignitary.
■orro-pcAl-UUI (met^rft-pSlT-tan), a. 1. Pert, to a
metropolia. 2. Pert, to a metropolitan, or to his ofllee or
dignity. — n. Presiding bishop of a country or provinoe.
Mattle (met^U), n. lR.metat.^ Quality of temper-
ament ; spirit, as regards honor, courage, fortitude, etc
M«mad (-fid), Hef Uo-MBM (-slim), o. Full of
spirit; fiery.
M«W (mu), n. [AS. mSicI A sea gull.
H«W, V. t. & t. [F. muer^ fr. L. mutare to change.]
To shed or cast (feathers) ; to molt ; to inclose ; to con-
fine. — n. 1. A cage for hawks while mewins ; coon for
fattening fowls ; place of confinement or shelter. 2. A
ranffe of stables for horses ; — chiefly in pt.
Maw, r. i. [Imitative.] To cry as a cat.— n. The
cryof a cat. [Written also m«atr, meow.}
■tawl (mill), r. i. [F. miauter to mew as a cat.] To
cry, as a young child ; to squall. [Written also mfoir/.l
Mawv (mux), n. eing. & pi. [Prop. pi. of metp cage. J
An alley where there are stables ; a narrow passage.
Hazl-oail (mSks^-kon), a. Pert, to Mexico or its
people. — n. An inhabitant of Mexico.
ilMei'BO (mSd's^), a. [It, middle, half, fr. L. me-
diun.} Mean ; not extreme.
Mai'M-ra-lla'iPO (m8s'z«-rl-is^r«), ii H«i'a»-il-l]a'-
TO (mM'st-rt-lyt'vft), n. [It.! (a) A middle degree
of relief in figures, between high and low relief. (6)
Sculpture in this kind of relief.
Hai'lO-tlllt (mSi'z^-tTnt), n. LA mode of engraving
on copper or steel by drawing upon a roughened surface,
and removing the roughness in places, so as to produce
the requisite light and shade. 2. An engraving so pro-
duced, —v. t. To engrave in messotint.
HariO-tllllO (-tTn't^ : //. mM/sft-tinO^), ». & r. t.
[It. mezzo -\- tinto tinted, p. p. of Hngere to dye, color,
tinge, L. tingere."] Messotint.
(m8),n. [It.]
ang,
of the musical scale of C.
A syllable hidlcating the third tone
S, fi, 1, 5, Oi l<«f i ft* «> Vi tti a« t> •ho't ; senate, <vent, tdea, 6bey, ttnite, oAre, iirm, Ask, nn, flnaL
MIASMA
359
MILE
J (mt-Xs'ro4), Mi'ann.(uu'Kx*m), n. ; pi. Mi-
asmata (-mA-tA). [KL., fr. Or. iiiaaiia defilement, fr.
luaoNTty to pollute. ] Infectious germs lioatingin the air ;
lUr made noxions by sooh germs ; malaria. — Hl-AS'taUdt
Ml'MhllUlflOt M I^MUnnyiO-Ill 1 a.
Ml^ld' (mt^ulO. V. i. [¥. miaulett E. mevf. Cf.
Mbwu] Tomew;tocaterwauL^fi. The crying of a cat.
MFoa (mfki), n. [L., crumb, grain, particle.'] A
group of minerals characterised by highly perfect cleav-
age, io that they readUy separate into very thin leaves,
more or less elastic. The transparent fomu are popularly
called itingloM. — Mt-oa'oMOfl (-kX'shfis), a.
Kloe (mis), n., p/. of Mouib.
WkHtfrnA-mMM (mTk'Sl-mas), n. [Michael + moM*
religious service.] The feast of the archangel Bfichael,
a church festival, celebrated September 29 ; autumn.
Mio'kle (mlklcU), a. [AS. mtceLmycelA Much;
gnat. [Written also mucH«.] [Old Eng. & Scot.}
MForOlM (milcrSb or mTk'rSb), I n. [NL. mi-
0 HlHVO^-OlB (mt-kr5n>T-9n or mT-), f cro6ton,fr.Gr.
luipit little -f fiiot life.] A microscopic organism ; —
applied to bacteria and pathogenic forms.— Mi-OnK-
Uiok, Mi-arobio (-kr5b^, a.
MFonHMMm (milErd-kBz^m), n. VL. microetmnuSy it.
Or. fujcptfc + MfMC world.] A little world; miniature
universe ; man ; — opposed to macrocogm,
Mi-onmi'^-ter (mT-kr5mt-tSr or ml-), n. [Micrth -f-
•meter.l An instrument, used with a telescope or micro-
scope, for measuring minute distances or angles.
MyorO-nhOlM (nunn-ft-fCii), n. [Micro- + Or. ^n)
sound.] An electric instrument for making audible very
feeble sounds.
MFora«ora9 (mi^kr^-skSp or 41
mTk'r*-),». iMiero- -\- -tcope.^ r^.y
An optical instrument for mak-
ing an enlarged image of an ob-
ject too minute to be viewed by
the naked eye.
MKcnMMwp^(-sk9pnrk), ) _
1. Pert, to the microscope or to
microscopy ; made with a micro-
scope. 2. Able to see extremely
minute objects. 3. Very small;
visible only by the aid of a mi-
pl.tormI'kT«.ek5'pIst),n. One 6o3^Hin;
skilled in microscopy. Pinion for coarBe adjust-
■ft-OWOO-py (-py), n. Use went of focu«; rf Screw
^themicro««pe; Investigation S'^?%1^1"«»' ' '"
with tbe microscope. ^
Mi'oro-«pora (mincr^-epSr), n. [Micro- 4- spore.'} An
exceedingly minute spore found in certain flowerleas
plants, which bear two kinds of spores, one much smaller
than the other. — HKoTO-spor^ (-spSrak), a.
Hid (mTd), a. [Compar. toaniing ; wperl. Midmost.]
[AS. tnidd ; akin to L. mediua, Or. fieotK. J 1. Denoting
tbe middle part. 2. Occupying a middle position. 3. Made
with a somewhat elevated position of part of the tongue,
in relation to the palate ; midway between the high and
the low ; — said of vowel sounds. — prfo. Amid.
Hld'dAT' (raTd'dSO, n. [AS. mOdteg.} The middle
part of the day ; noon. * a. Pert, to noon ; meridional.
Hid^dl* (-d*!), a. [AS. middeU 1. EquaUy dUtant
from the extremes; mean; inedisL 2. Intermediate;
Intervening. * n. The point or part equally distant from
tbe extremities of a line, a surface, or a solid ; an in-
tervening point ; the midst ; central portion ; the waist.
Syn.— Bee Midst.
Hid^dl»-«(ad' (-SJdOi a. Being about the middle of
tbe ordinary age of man ; between 30 and 60 years old.
MM'fllt gllWIllrt' (-ground^), n. That part of a picturS
between tbe foreground and background.
Mld'dle-IIUUI (mTdM'l-mSn), n. Agent between two
parties; broker. [nearettt the middle ; midmost I
Kid'dle-most' (-mSst'), a. Being in the middle, or|
MU'dllng (-dlTng), a. Of middle rank, state, size, or
quality; medium; ordinary. — Hld'dUng-ly, a<fv.
Midge (mlj), n. [AS. myege.l 1. A smaU, delicate,
long-legged fly, which does not bite. 2. A very small
American fly, having an irritating bite.
HIdg'Ot, n. [Dim. of midge.} 1. A mintkte blood-
sucking fly. 2. A very diminutive person.
Hldaand (mTdOond), a. 1. Being in the interior coun-
try ; distant from the coast. 2. Surrounded by land ;
mediterranesn. ^ n. The central region of a country.
Hld'most' (-mSstO, a. Middle ; middlemost.
Hld'nlgbt' (-nit^), n. [AS. midniht.-} Middle of the
night; twelve o'clock at night. ^ a. Bsing in, or like,
the middle of tbe night ; very dark.
Hldllb' (-rTb^), n. A continuation of the petiole, ex-
tending from- base to apex of the lamina of a leaf.
Hld'tlff (-rTf), n. [AS. midhrif ; midd mid
-f AK^ bowels.] The diaphragm.
Hld'Sblp^imui (-bhlp'man), n. An oflicer of
the lowest grade in a ship of war.
Kid'Sblpir, adv. [For amid*hip4.'\ In the
middle of a ship.
Midst (midst), n. [For older middest, or
middet, fr. tnid.] 1. The interior part or
phkce ; middle. 2. The being surrounded or be- Leaf, show.
set ; press, ^prep. In the midst of : amidst, ins Mid-
Syn. — Midst; Middlk. — i/ifd«/ denotes a ^°-
part or place among other parts or objects ; while middle
is used of the center of length, or suriace, or of a solid, etc.
Mld'mim'mer (mld's&m'mSr), n. [AS. midsumor.]
The middle of summer.
Mld'way' (-wSO. n. The middle of the way or dis-
tani"r> ; A lulildle nay or course, —a. Being in the mid-
dle* r.f thi^ ftuv I'l" Ji^tiiiise.— «di;. Half way.
llld'wll«' ' ( w iP ) , i, [AS. mid with 4- iM/ woman,
wjfpj A ^niiaitT] ^\\it :LBsists other women in childbirth.
— Mia'Wlffr'ry [ « iM ^ or -wTf-ry), n.
BUd'wtn ter I'l^Iri i^r),**. [AS.] The middle of winter.
men{sin'n). if^ iV- mine.^ Aspect; air; demeanor.
HIU I ni T 1 ) , n . [C f . I 'rov. O. muf sullenness. ] Petty
fa) I i ULi uitr ; im, — r. r To offend* slightly. [CoUoq.]
Might tinit), imp. ui May.
Might, n* [AB, irj^ivi/, mtA/, fr. root of magan to be
abU . ):. ^jjoi^T Pont' ^-f body or mind; capacity.
Mts^it'y (mWf\, if. [AS. meahtig, mihtig.\ 1. Pos-
sei I . I ^^ ti t nr Hut tio r i ty . 2. Accomplished by might ;
ex wwjyi wondtnuL 3. Of extraordinary slxe»
consequence, etc. «• adv. In a great degree ; very.
[Co//o9.]-Migbn-ly, adv. -Migbtl-neM, n.
Mi'glian-ette' (min'yttn-et'). n. [F., dim. of mignon
darling.] A plant having fragrant greenish flowers.
Mi'gimta C°ii'grat), v. i. [L. migrare^ -gralum^ to
migrate, transfer.] 1. To remove from one country to
another; to remove. 2. To paasperiodically from one
region or climate to another.— UL-gimtlOII, n. — Mi'-
gra-to-ry (-gr4-t*-ry), a.
Mi-kaMo (mT-ki&Mft), n. [Jap.] The popular desig-
nation of the hereditary sovereign of Jspan.
Mll'aga (mntj ; 2), n. Mileage.
MUob (milch), a. [Akin to O. melk and to E. milk.}
Oiring milk ; —applied only to beasts.
MIU (mnd), a. [AS. milde.^ Oentle ; moderate In
detrree or quality. — Mildly, adv. — BUId'lieeB, n.
8yn.— Soft ; kind : tender : assuasive. See Oertlb.
Mll'dBW (mTlMu), n. [AS. tneledeAw.) A growth of
minute fungi, on diseased or decaying substance.— v. I.
& i. To taint with mildew.
Mile (mn), n. [AS. ml/, fr. L. miUia, mUia, pi. of
miUe a thousand, i. e.^milliapassuum a thousand paces.]
A measure of diistance, equivalent in England and the
United States to 320 poles or rods, or 6,280 feet.
f^m, reoMit, Arb^ r^de, full, tan, fobd| fdbt, out, oU^ eludr, bo> >lnK, i||k, thai. tl|l%
MILEAGE
360
MILT
Mlle'af* (mn^j ; 2). n. 1. Allowanoe for traTeling
•zpenaM at a certain rate per mile. 2. Aggregate dia-
tance in miles. [Written also m</ay«.]
■Ut'l^OBr (-pOat/), fi. One of a aeries of posU indi-
eating spaces of a mile each.
(^stSnOt «» Stone osed as a milepoet.
KQIa-ry (mll'yi-rj^), o. [L. mtfutntw, fr. milium
millet.] L like miUet seeds. 2. Accompanied with
an eruption like millet seeds. — n. A small tubercle.
Kni-tUt (-T-tODt), a. [L. mUitans, 4antU, p. pr. of
militare to be a soldier.] Engaged in warfare.
Mill-tA-ry (-tft-rj^), a. [L. mUUarU, f r. miUt, militia,
soldier.] 1. Pert, to soldiers, arms, or war. 2. Per-
formed oy soldiers.— ». Soldiery; troops; the army.
KUI-tAta (-tit), r. i. [L. militare, Saturn, to be a
soldier, fr. milet, militis.'] To make war ; to oppose.
lU-lirtlA (mT-lTsh'i), n. [L., military service, sol-
diery, fr. muet, miliiis.'\ The whole military force of a
nation : a body of dtixens enrolled for militai^ discipline.
Mi^KtlA-lliail, n. One enrolled in the militia.
KUk (mTik), n. [AS. meolw, meole, mile, O. milch.}
1. White fluid secreted by the mammary glands of female
mammals for nourishment of their young. 2. Juice or
BiHPt found in certain plants; latex. 3. An emulsion
made by bruising seeds. 4. Ripe, undischarged spat of
an oyster. — r. f. & i. To draw, or yield, milk.
imk sagar. lactose ; susar of milk. — Milk teeth, one of
the temporary first set of teeth in young mammals.
MUkAnr, n. 1. One who milks ; a mechanical appa-
ratus for milking cows. 2. An animal that gives milk.
■Ukl^lien, n. State or quality of being milky.
■IlkflllAld^ (-mid'Y, n. A woman who milks cows or
ii employed in the dairy.
MllkdiUUl, n. One who sells or delivers milk.
KUk'M^ (-•Op')* <•• A piece of bread sopped in milk ;
an effeminate person.
■Uk^.a. 1. Like, containing, or yielding, milk. 2.
Like milk ; whitish and turbid. 3. Tame ; spiritless.
miky Way, the galaxy, a luminous tone in the heavens,
supposed to be the blended light of innumerable stars not
distinguishable with telescopes.
Mm (mTI), n. [L. mille a thousand. Cf. Mile.] A
money of account of the United States ; 1-lOth of a cent.
MIu, n. [AS. myln, mylen ; akin to L. molere to
grind, E. fneo/.] 1. Machine for grinding grain, for ex-
pelling juice, sap, etc., from vegetable tissues, or for pro-
ducing a manufactured product, or changing the form^of
raw material. 2. A buUding with machinery for manu-
facturing. 3. A pugilistic encounter. \_Canf]
Mm pond, a pond supplying water for a mill. — 1011 raee,
the canal In which water is conveyed to a mill wheel, or
the current of water drivius the wheel. - Mm taU. the
water which flows from a mill wheel after turning it, or
the channel in which the water flows. — Mm wheel, the
water wheel driving the machinery of a mill.
— r. f. 1. To reduce to small pieces In a mill ; to grind.
2. To shape by passing through a machine. 3. To stamp
in a coimng press ; to coin. 4. To full (cloth). 6. To
beat with the fists. [CanO
HIll'dAm' (-dKmOt n> Dam to obstruct a water course,
•ad raise the water sufllciently to turn a mill wheol.
KQle-lU'kl-ail (mTlOS-ni'rT-on), a. [See Mills-
HAKY.] Consisting of a thousand years; pert, to the
millennium, or the Millenarians. — ft . One who believes
that Christ will personally reiim on earth a thousand years.
Mill0-IUI-ry, a. [L. millenariux, it. milleni a thou-
sand each, fr. mille a thousand.] Consisting of a thou-
sand ; millennial. — n. Space of a thousand years ;
millennium ; Millenarian. [or to a thousand years. I
KU-lenlll^a (-I8n'nT-Al), a. Pert, to the miUennium, |
Mll-lanlll-al-lSt. n. A millenarian.
Mfl-lMtlll-VIII (-nT-fim), n. [LL., fr. L. mille -f
ttimut a year.] A thousand years ; esp., the thousand
years mentioned In Revelation, during which holiness is
to be triumphant throughout the world.
MUle-ptd (mmt-pSd). ». {L, maepeda;maU'^
pes, pedis, foot.] A^mynapod with many lega.
[NL.] A genus including
Millcpore {.MiUn
aleicontiA) ' "
[L.
of llnrlds.
millenmtts, fr.
y HU-l^-po^ (-pS'ri), n.
the miUepoies.
Klll»-pora(-pSr),n. [L-miOe
-f- ponu pore.] Any coral of the
genus MiUepora having the snr-
fisce nearly smooth, and perforated
with very minute nneqnal poraa or
Miia»>B»-rlt« (-p^rft), n. A
fossil millepore.
Hfll'MT (mll'Sr), n. 1. One
who keeps a flour mill or gristmill.
2. A milling machine. 3. A
moth or lepidopteroua insect,
whose wings appear as If oovered
with white dust or pow(*.er, like a
miller*s clothes.
Mfl-lM^-mal (-Wsq-mal), a. _
milfe.') Thoufianiltl] ; nr'ouHifcting of ibiMuandth parte.
HJl'let I leM, t,. [h\, 4'im, Di fini. L. milium; akin
to^ir. fifA.a'ti, AB miL] A ct-ri'Al ftiid larage
grrL'S I:h 4irirt(£ alitindAot mwlJ rniinililL'<h ip-slna.
! MU Uart' {F. ujl^lylT', /-: xoTi'iT-iird),
n. [K., fr. miii^, fuit^ tlicuBafHl, L. unUt,}
A thnnNiiNl niiniuiis : a bUllfUn^
i MUllcr' {III* hi' K n. [¥., St. mi//*.]
A M' nil trjn ^ l,t)fVt,CioafrTTim».
WHligTWn M"^^"'J^flT*M), n. [F.
Hil'll-grmmmA S m >ti ig muj mf ; w dU-
-(- f(r,itinnf.'\ A wt^trji^ inf^iuiur«i of weight,
bcJiii^ \]u' thquisfuiath purt of s gram.
MUllUtitl t*r^, «, {¥. mitlihfre; Millel.
mv/Zn- T iTiYi!-.] A uiftric measure of capacity; the
l-l.ixiiith ol a lJt«r— ,0C1 ttt ati EnirJJah cubic inch
^ JlXil"! of nn Amprtciiu fluid nunr**.
HU11-m» t«r I (luTJlT me't?r ^ njTl-lTmt-tar), n.
Milll-rnvticf [F.fMUNfu>/r^;mitU--\-m^tre.] A
mi iri. iJiicul m^ui^m^, tliw l-l^lXiOtli of a meter, — equal
to ,<';ii^>7 f'i an mn-U.
Milll-ntt {ulTI'IT tier), w. [Fr. Mihmer one from
JWi/th, li] IU1>. wlw inipqn«d ihoti]ieti''A Jrloery.] Dealer
in ^i.iiifc'.t'ii'A hat*, ^lOrjiiE'te, lif^wldrfwvB, *-ic.
MUll oery I lifr JV rj. l Arfuli>n made or soldby
mikliucr*. 2. BuMu«*» %ii A imUiuiitf .
MnilnCt n. A grinding or passing through a mill ;
process of fulling cloth, of makuig a raised or indented
edge upon co'n, or of dressing surfaces with rotary cutters.
(->fin), n. [F., fr. LL. miUio, fr. L mille a
thousand.] 1. The number of ten hundred thousand, —
written 1,000,000. 2. An indefinitely large number. 3.
The mass of common people.
Mflllon-airt' (•ftr'), n. One whose wealth is coonted
by millions (of dollars, pounds, etc.) ; one very rich.
(lMUaiOll'lialrt'(mlay6/ntrO,n. [F.] MUliooaiie.
miaionth (mTl'ylinth), a. Being the last one of a
million of units ooonted from the first of a series ; being
one of a million. ^ n. Quotient of a unit divided 1^ one
million ; one of a million equal parts.
MflOl-ptd (-IT-ped), A. MiUeped.
MUll-StMr« (-stSr or -sttr). n. [F., fr. miUi- -f athe
a stere.] A liter, or cubic decimeter.
Hfll'ltone' (-stOn'), fi. One of two circular stonee
used for grinding grain or other substance.
Hlll'work' (-wOrkO, n. 1. The shafting, gearing,
etc., of mills. 2. The operating of mill maeUnery.
MUl'WllKht (-rit/), n. Builder of mills.
KUt (milt), n. [AS. mt//e.] The spleen.
KUt n. [Akin to Dan. mHk, E. mitk.'\ (a) The
spermatic fluid of flahea. (6) The testes, or spermariss,
of fishes filled with spermatosoa. •> r. f . To in^rcgnate
(roe of a fish) with milt.
is 8, 1, 2S a, long ; ft, fi, I, 5, 0, ^ short ; sanftte, <vent, tdea, dbey , ttnite, cAre, iirm, Ask, 1^1, final.
MIME
361
MINOR
MiflM (mlm), ». [Or. ^^mk, aUn to tiuitloBM to
mimio.] 1. A dnma repreneutiiig real persona nUicu-
loiulv. 2. An actor in such reprenentationa.
w-mttlO (mt-mftt^k), i a. IQr. fAi/itiri«o«, fr. fii^ci-
MI-BMMfHd (-Muil), j aBau] Miiuic.
HtlBiO (mTn^k), a. [L. mimtciw. Or. /ufuicbv, fr.
MtfMf'l !>• Imitative; mimetic 2. Conustiug of, or
formed by, imitation ; imitated. — n. One wlio mimics ;
a copyist; buffoon.^ v. /. {imp. A p, p. Mimickso
(-Tkt) ; p. pr. A vb. n. Miiocxno. J 1. To ape ; to rid-
icole by imitatioo. 2. To aasome a reaemblanoe to. —
Mlflilok-«r, n, — Mlflilo-ry, n.
Sjn. — To ape ; imitate ; counterfeit ; mock.
HMI-mo^nCmt-mysi),!!. [NL.1 A lefTuminous plant,
of many species, including the senmtire plants.
■Oirt-ret (mTn'4-rCt), n. [Sp. minarete^ Kt. maniS^
rat lamp, lighthouse, turret, tx.
ndr to shine.] A slender, lofty
tower attached to a mosque.
HlB'a-t^-ry (-t«.ry), a. [L.
tninatorius^ f r. nUnari to threat-
ens] Threatening; menacing.
■Iboo (mTns), v. t, [AS. min-
sian to grow lees, dwindle, fr. mill
■mall. ] 1. To out into very small
pieces ; to chop fine ; to huh. 2.
To weaken the foroe of; to tell
by degrees, instead of directly and
frankly; to clip (words or ex-
prossioos). — p. L 1. Tb walk in
a prim, affected manner. 2. To
act or talk with affected nicety.
maee aliLapiemade of minoe*
meat baked in paste.
HtBoe'-moAr (-mSt^), i».
Minced meat ; a mixture of boiled
meat, suet, apples, etc., chopped
fine, with spices and raisins.
Min'olaf-ly. adv. Not fully;
with affected nicety.
MlBd ^mind), n, [AS. myiuf,
gemynd : akin to Dan. mindf, L.
fMiM, mentis^ mind, Or. fi^'Of.l
1. The intellectual or rational
faculty in man; understanding;
intellect; spiritual nature; souL
2. State of the faculties at any
given time; intent ; wOL 3. Mem-
ory; reoollecti<m. — r. /. [AS.
myndian, gemyndlan^ to remem- Minaret of the Mo«in«
ber.l 1. To fix the mind on ; to of St. Sophia.
heed ; to note. 2. Toattend to. 3. To obey. 4. To have
in mind ; to purpose, —v. i. To heed ; to obey.
Syn. —To nonce : mark ; regard ; obey. See AmsD.
HlBd'tA, a. Dispoeed ; inclined ; haying a mind.
d'tUtO. Bearing in mind ; attentive; observant.
Itol-ly, adv. — llilldflll-IMM, n.
i (ndn), pran. A a. [AS. min/ akin to D. mijn,
O. mein^ and E. me.'] Belonging to me ; my.
■!■•, V. i. [F. miner, L. minare to drive animals, in
LL. also, to lead, conduct, dig a mine.] 1. To dig a
mine or pit in the earth ; to get ore, metals, coal, etc.,
out of the earth ; to dig a passage under anything. 2. To
burrow. — > v. f. 1. To sap ; to undermine ; to ruin by se-
cret means. 2. To dig into, for ore or metal. 3. To get
(metals) out of the earth by digging. — n. 1. A subter-
ranean oavity or passage. 2. Phtce where ore, metals,
etc., are got by digging or washing the soil. 3. A rich
source of wealth or other good. — fUn'tr (min'Sr), n.
HIb'V-aI (mTn^r-al>, n. [F. mineral, LL. minerale,
fr. miitera mine.] 1. An inorganic natural substance
having a definite chemical composition. 2. Anything
neither animal nor VMetable. —a. 1. Put. to, or con-
sisting of, minerals. 2. Impregnated with minerals.
»e; n ,
^'^ Minims (S).
.J proportion possible.
■Illl-llllim(-mftm),n. [L.]
sible, in a given case ; a trifle ; — opi>. to maximum.
The least quantity poa-
V-al-lM (mTn'Sr-al-is), r. t. 1. To traaaform
into a mineral. 2 To impregnate with a mineraL — >
v.i. To go on an excursion for ooUecting minerals ; to
miueralogise. — Mlll'ar-al-l-n'tlOII (-I-si'shfin), n.
HlB'tr-al-l'ier (-i'xir), n. An element combined with
a metal, thus forming au ore.
HiB'«r-al'o-gy (-iu'«-jj^), n. {Mineral + -iogy.^ 1.
Science of minerals. 2. I'reatise on this soiuiGe. — Mill'-
m-tl'o^M, (-jist), n. - Htn'Mr-al-ofTlMa (-^-koi), a.
Mlll'^Cmln'gU), v.t. Ai. [AS. mengatL] 1. To
mix ; to intermix ; to combine or Join ; to ooof onnd.
2. To associate in society or by relationship ; to unite.
HiB'l4l-tlire (mTn'T-4>tttr or -T-ttlr), n. [It. minia-
turoy fr. L. miniare. See Mxmium.] 1. Orig.. a painting
in colors ; a rery small painting, esp. a portrait. 2. Re-
duced scale, ^o. Much reduced from the reality.
Htnlm (-Tm), n. [L. minimu* smallest, superL of
muior.] 1. Anvthing very minute. 2. The smallest
liquid measure, about one drop. 3. A musical time note,
formerly the shortest in use
a half note, equal to two quar<
ter notes or crotchets.
HiBl-lllll0 (-T-mis),
To reduce to the smallest part - Minima (S^
Dportion possible. «mi—\ >-
nl-iniiiii (-mftm), n
. in a given case ; a
Hinlnc (minrtng), ». The inakixig, or working, mhies.
Hlnlon (mTu'yIin), n. [F. mi^iMm.] 1. A servile de-
pendent of another; a fawning favorite. 2. A small
kind of type, in size between brevier and nonpareiL
^Si^ This line is printed in minion type,
~" "wHk (-Ish), r. I [F. menuitery fr. L. minuttu
See Diminish, Muics.] To diminish ; to lessen.
._ (-Ts-t3r), n. [L. J 1. A servant ; agent ; in-
strument. 2. One to whom the head of a government iu-
trusts management of affairs of state. 3. A representative
of a goremment, transacting diplomatio buatneas abroad.
4. One who serves at the altar ; pastor of a church. — v. t.
[OF. minittrer, fr. L. minigtrare.} To furnish or apply ;
to administer, ^r. t. 1. To act as serrant, attendant,
or agent ; to perform service, sacred or secular. 2. To
supply things needful, esp. consolation or remedies.
Syn. — iMlegate ; ambassador ; clergyman ; priest
Hill'IS-teM-al (-tS'rT-al), a. [L. miniaterialU.} 1.
Pert, to ministry or service ; attendant. 2. Pert to the
office of a minister or to the ministry. 3. Tending to
promote ; contributive. — Mlll'IS-tO'n-al-lT, adv.
Syn. - Official ; priestly ; sacerdotal ; ecclesiastical.
MlB'ift-trailt (-trant), a, [L. minittratUy -anti*, p. pr.
of ministrare.] Serving as a minister ; acting unoer
command; subordinate, ^n. One who ministers.
HlBiS-tni'tton (-tri'shfiu), n. Service ; ministrjr.
Hin'ls-try (-^)> "• !>• A ministerinff ; ministration ;
service. 2. Agency ; instrumentality. 3. Office or func-
tions of a minister or ageut. 4. The bodv of ministers
of state, or of the cl^r^' 5, AilTutislBtratfoH . r r.V
Mink (mlQk), n. A c^ruiA oro u « uiauiijial allltd to IW
weasel, and having val-
uable fur.
MinllOW (mTn'nn ), ^
n. [AS.m^.] [Writ-
ten also minou).} h
ih fr*'iu
small fish of both
and salt water. Call
also kiUi/Uh, mirth ^l
and mummichog.
Mi'WU (mi'uSr), ^t.
[L., a comparative wU ti
no positive ; akin to A s
m4n small, L. minu'*^
to lessen.] 1. Inferior
in bulk, degree, import-
ance, etc. ; less ; of
American Mink ( Putorira vmm).
little account 2. Leas by a semitone
ffra, leoent, 6rb, r^de, f^ll, ttra, food, f<jbt, oat, oU| obair, go, siny, i^k, then, tliis).
MINORITY
362
MISCHIEF
inmnrfnlfaitfliTalor differenoe of pitob.*!!. 1. One
who bat not attained legal age. 2. The minor term in
logic, that ia, the aabje^ of tiie ooncludon ; the minor
preiniie, or that containing the minor term.
Mi-lliOf^ty (ml-nOrnr-ty), n. 1. The being a minor, or
miderage. 2. The amaller number ; — opp. to rnqfcriip,
Waf^tkvr (mTn^-tftr), n. [Or. Uumravpos.} A
fabled monater. half man and half boll.
Mlll'llarC-ster),!!. [AB. myiuter, f r. L. monculerium.
See MoHAamT.] A church of a monastenr.
MkOfWtnl (-ami), n. [OE. menettral, OF. menetlrelj
it. LL. miaisteriali* servant.] Bard ; ainger and harper.
mn'StMl-nr C-^), ». 1. Arts and occupation of min-
atrels. 2. Body of musicians, or of minstrels* songs.
Mlllt(mTnt),n. [AS. mtnfe, L. maniAa.] An aromatic
labiate plant, yielding odoriferous essential oils.
■int, n. [as. mynet money, coin, fr. L. moneta the
mint, coined money.j 1. A place where money is coined
by public authoritv. 2. A source of unlimited supply.
— r. <. 1. To com; to make and stamp into money.
2. To hnrent ; to fabricate. —Hliit'tr, n.
MlBt^ag* (-4J), n. 1. Coin. 2. Duty peid for coining.
lUn'V-Mld (mln'tt-9nd), n. [L. minuendtu to be di-
miniahed, fr. minuere to leasen.1 The number from
which another number ia to be subtracted.
HIb'Q-M (-«t), n. [F.. fr. menu, L. minuius small, —
from the short steps ot the dance.] 1. A slow graceful
dance. 2. A tune regulating the morementa in this dance.
Mfnns (mi'nfis), a. [L.] Less; to be subtracted.
maas slgB, the sifl^ [— ] denothur mintM, or less, prefixed
to negative quantiuea, or quantitiea to be subtracted.
Minolta (mTnTt), n. [LL. minuta a anutll portion,
fr. L. minuiut small.] 1. The l-60th of an_hour ;
(Abbrer. du ; as, 4 h. 30 m.) 2. The l-GOth
60 aeoonda. (Marked thua (0 ; aa, 10<) 20^. )
aeoonds.
of a degree . , , . .
3. A nautical or geographic mile. 4. A point of time ;
moment. 6. A memorandum ; record; note.— > a. Pert,
to a minute or minutes ; occurring at succeasive minutes.
— > V. t To make a brief summary of. — HlB'ata-ly, adv,
*L. book in which minutea are entered.—
(lass meaauring minutes by the running of
sand. — mavto na, discharge of a cannon every minute
aa a sign of distress. — Miusts hand, the long hand of a
watch or clock, which marks the minutes.
W^WkW (mT-nSt^), a. [L. minuttu^ p. p. of minttert
to lessen.] 1. YtiTy small ; tiuv ; slight. 2. Critical ;
precise. — ml-mitely, adv. — Hi-iiiite'liess, n.
Syn. — MxHun; CncuiisTAirnAL ; Pabticclab ; little ;
diminutive ; fine ; critical ; exact ; detailed. A eircum-
»tantial account embraces all the leading events ; a par-
ticular account includea each event and movement,
though of but little importance ; a minute account omits
nothing aa to person, time, place, adjuncts, etc.
11 Ht-nn^-t (-nu'ahT-4), n, ; pL Mnnnxs (ng). [L., f r.
miritt/ttf.l A minute particular ; minor detaiL
Wnz (mTeks), n. [Prob. same as D. & O. menscA
man, AS. mennisc^ fr. fiMin.] A pert or a wanton girl.
Ura-Oto (raTr'A.kn), n. [F., fr. L. miraculum, fr.
mirari to wonder.] 1. A wonderful thing. 2. An
event contrary to the established course of things, or
transcending the ordinary laws governing the universe.
Mi-rao^-lOIIS (mT-rSk'tt-lOs), a, 1. Of the nature of
a miracle ; performed by direct agency of almighty power,
and not by natural causes. _
2. Supernatural ; wondeiv R
ful. 3. Wonder-working. ^
—Hi-rao^looi-ly, adv.
Wbfns^ (mI'rAsh'), n.
[F., fr. mirer to look at
carefully, LL. mirare to ^ §^§
look at. See Hibbob.] An
optical illusion, at sea or 1^:^-
in deserts, due to total re- d:
flection of light at the sur-
face common to two strata
Bfinge.
The refleotod image ia msb,
of abr differently heated.
commonly in an inverted position, while the real c
m^ or may not be in sight.
Mtra (mir), a. [AUn to Sw. mjfra marsh.] Deep
mud; wet, qiongy earth. — V. /. ft <. 1. To stick fast in
mire ; to plunge m mud. 2. To soQ with foul matter.
Mlr^-IMM (mlKI-nSs), n. A being miiy.
Hlik(m&k\,Hllk^(.jOtO. Dark;^oomy.
Mlfrar (mlr^rSr), fi. [F. «i<ro<r,fr.LL. mirare to
look at, L. mirttri to wonder.] 1. A looking-glass ; a pol-
ished substance that forms images by remction of rays
of light. 2. That hn which a true image may be aeea ;
pattern ; exemplar. — >«. t. To reflect, as in a mirror.
Htrtll (mirth), n, [AS. mfrrS, mirMf. See Mbbbt.]
Iferriment ; gayety accompanied with laughter.
Syn. — Merriment ; fun ; frolic ; jollity. See Oladkos.
Htrtllflll (-f^l), a. Full of mirth ; merry ; jovial. —
Htrtlifnl-ly, adv. -Mlrtlifnl-iMM, n.
.^ — g^oat mirth.— BUrtliaiW DWg.a
Full of mire ; muddy.
Mlrthl6M,a. Wit^iout mirth.-
Hlr'F (mirf3^), a.
Wrong
. Per. mJr'iSy, n. [Per.] The (
mon title of honor in Persia.
lIl»«O'O0p-tAtlOII (mTs-Ik/sSp-ta'shlin), ».
ac~— ^-■^'-''^ - r.ndfr^atullnir Jri a wTone H^nse-
MiBUdventujfl i, as v^ii'tSn 4th, ». Mitcbanct;
ill ]iii'k i ihi]ii>-liy ACridJvtit.
Kyii. Mih4 hiunff ; mltluiip: diaait«T: calamity.
Hifi rtl U'anc« (-iMi^uiu), i«^ [F. memil/io^arf.] A
mi^i I i-Hiir' \i ltd ft pr'r^ciM of lolertor rmok or focJiid »UitiL«u
Mi5'iUI'tbn»p« (-Stnthr5p)H w* [Or, tmraw^fimtrm i
HutkIi ir* liiLtn- -i- flfi'flpHjfrtK M. I nan*] A Imtfr of tiJ unkind.
— Mis an t^n^p^lc i-thrrSp'lk'k, flUs'tattUfOiKie-tL <t.
Mis EtLiL'thxo-piat ( 4Ti'thr0'l»T»t]. fi A ir<iiH^iaLrO)i#.
MUan'^ULrQ-py (-|'5^J, 11. [Gf. ^i^ai-tf^Munrid..] Hatred
of nLiiikiijii ; - n\tp^ In phaattlArvp^.
BUS ap-ply' ( Sp-pU'), r. L Td ij-ply wTODirlj ; to ui*
for Li V. ruHk- iiL!r|..jwf — Mis np' pU-€ta^ti4)in« n, '
MU'ftp'pre tieM' {ti\U-i\*[nt h^uil*}, f. t. To mlA-
uDh i>t;i]nJ. - |flj«ap'pre hflit'slon i-iigii'iiblln)^ a.
Mis Ap-pro^prl-ate (rijiiiip-pr5'i)H'*t)i r. t. Ta ap-
prM|ii.ktM wrinksl^' : lo iih? for a wnibt ptupov- — ■!•'-
tpjir 0 pri-a ' Hon , If . [suit i H* |
Mlfi bi& come' [■(if-HBiuf), r, i. Not to becouue : to|
SI la lie g often ( -irnt't hi \ fi. U niuwt ally brf^ot t«ii.
Min be-hATO' (lii?'). i\ t. Jk i. To behave UaAly. —
HlBbe hav'loi Ma^'yJii), n,
Mia thO Uflil ' I -1 f" 1 '^ I . V , E rroniKHiM ot falte belief.
M la be lie v "er i ] ? ^ 'Jr ) , n . Oup w ho bFUftvci wrongly.
Mi« oai'ca late (-kjil'ku lai). r. f. & ^ To judga
wi iL'U. - HSis-cal mi iB'tloii. ti.
JWl-"* call' '■ tijil'). T f. To t-all l>3f a wronfr n&niB,
Tni- ■. .L ''-Age 1-l.Ir'rTjl, rj. 1- Uiifwrtuninl*' ifiaie etf
an , .h ; iailunv 2 III conduct. 3. Tbe bring-
ingf orth before the time ; premature birth.
flU^-Oftr'ry (-rj^), v- <• I* To carry, or go, wrong ; to
suffer defeat. 2. To bring forth young prematurely.
IlKto'oal-la'Be^ (-e«-lS'n«-4), »./3. [L. See Mu-
CBLLAirr.] A collection of miscellaneoua mattera.
W^on-Wnd-QOM (-tta), a. [L. mieeellaneus, ir. mis'
eellus mixed, f r. mi*cere to mix.] Mixed ; consisting ol
several things ; of diverse sorts ; heterogeneous.
■la'oal-la-liy (-li-nj^), n. [L. miscellanea, neut. pL
of miseellaneus."] A masa or mixture of varioua things ; a
medley ; a collection of compodtiona on varioua suMects.
Hls-ohailOO' (-chins'), n. [OF. metcheance,'] Illlack;
ill fortune ; mishap. — > r. t. To happen by mischance.
Syn.— Misfortune ; infelicity ; diaaster. See Calamxtt.
Mi»-€haig9f (-chiirJO, t'. /. To charge erroneoualy,
as in an account. ^ n. A mistake in charging.
■la'olliel (mTs'chTf), n. [OF. metchief; pref. me*-
(L. minut leaa) + chief end, head, F. chef chief.] 1.
Harm ; disarrangement of order ; trouble or vezatioa.
2. Cause of vexation ; trouble.
Syn. — MiscmBF ; Damaob ; Habm ; hurt-, injury;
fh e, I,?!Ka,long ; ft, «, I, tt,il,f, abort ; aen«te, «vent, tdea, 6bey, ttnite, cAie, l&rm, Aak, |^ flai^
msCHlEP-MAKlNG
363
MISSAL
dairliiiiint i evil : UL — Damage is an injury which dimin-
UkM the Tuoe of a thing ; Aonm, one which cauaet trouble ;
utineAi^ one which diatnrbe the order of things.
WWmtlA'^auitffnK (mTs'chTf-mSk'Tng), a. Causing
hamu^n. The inciung quarrels, etc
Ua'Olll^-VOIUI (-cht-vtts), a. Causing mischief ; harm-
ful ; — often applied where the evil is done in sport. —
i-tYt cuft'. — 1
Sjn. — Harmful ; hurtful: injurious; detrimentaL
Mil ClIlOOlW' (-chSteOt **• '• ^ ^* ^o choose wrongly.
Mto-«lto' (-sitOt V. t. To cite erroneously. — Kto'cl-
tafiloB,!!.
Hto'eott-0«t?t' (-kSn-sBTO, v. t. & i. To misjudge ;
to conceive wrongly. — ■la'OOII-oep'tfan (•aSp'shfin), n.
Srn. — To misapprehend : misunderstand ; mistake.
■frftcn^flnirt (mTs-kOn'd&kt), n. Wrong conduct.
Std. — Misbehavior ; mismanagement ; delinquency.
nroon-dVOt' (mTs^kOn-dfiktO. v. t. To conduct
amiss ; to mismanage. — v. i. To behave amiss.
WOafOOn-jm/tan (-jSk'tftr; 40), ». A wrong guess.
— p. f . ft <. To conjecture wrongly.
Hto'OOB-BtniOtloil (-strfik'shfin), n. Erroneous con-
struction ; wrong interpretation.
Inw (-kOiKstrn), V. t To construe wrongly.
' (-kountOt v.t.&i. To count erroneously.
—A. An erroneous counting.
MiS^ert-ttlt (-krt-ant), n. [OF. mescreant; pref.
me*- (L. mlRiw less) 4- p. pr. fr. L. credere to believe.]
One not restrained by Christian principles ; an unacrupu-
kras vfUain ; vile wretch. ^ a. I)estitute of conscience.
Mto-«a»^ (-kuO, n. A false stroke with a bilUard cue,
the cue slipping from the ball struck without impelling
It as desired. [erroneously. I
' (-ditOt «• A wrong date. — r. /. To date |
(•dn'). v.L & i. To deal (cards) wrongly ;
to make a wrong distribution. ^ n. Wrong distribution
of cards to the ^yers. [wicked action. I
Hto-deed^ (-d8dO. "• [Aa n»t«»(f.] Anevildeed;!
Syn. — Misconduct ; faidt ; offense ; trespass ; crime.
Hto'dA-BMUl' (-dt-roSnO, v. t. To behave ill ; — with
a reflexive pronoun. — ■Us'de-mMUl'ailt (-ant), n.
Mte^de-mMUl'or (-Sr), n. 1. Ill behavior; evil con-
doct. 2. A crime less than a felony.
Srn* — Misdeed : misconduct ; misbehavior ; fault.
Waf^S^^moX' (-dl-riSktOt v. t. To give a wrong direc-
tion to. — Mto'dl-notlon (-rSk'shttn), n.
■iB-dO' (mlSi^l^, v.t.&i. [AS. miMfdft.] To err ;
to do wrongly. — Mu-dO'tr, n. — Mls-dOlllff , n.
Hto'em-plOT^ (-9m-ploiO, v. t. To employ (time, ad-
vantages, talents, etc.) amiss. — ■te'cm-ploy'l
. (-fotrj^), ». An erroneous entry or cluurge.
(mi'sJr), n. [L., wretched, miserable.] A
eovetoos, grasping person ; one having wealth, who lives
miserably to save and increase his hoard.
mWU-m-Ub (mTx/8rw4.b*l), a, [F. ; L. mUerabUU,
fr. mUerari to lament, pity, fr. miter. '\ 1. Verv un-
bappv ; wretched. S. Causing unhappiness or misery.
8. Worthless; mean: despicable. — HuKtr-ft-Uy, adv.
Sjn. — Abjeet ; forlorn ; pitiable ; wretched.
MfMr-ly (mi's8r-iy ), o. Like a miser ; very covetous.
Srn. — Niggardly : sordid : mean. See AvAsicioira.
WmFWI-J (mTs^y), n. [L. mUeria, fr. mUer.l 1.
Great nnhappineas : extreme pain ; woe. 2. Misfortune.
8yn.~- Wretchedness; torture; agony; calamity.
Mlt-fOAlMUlM (mTs-fS'sans), n. [OF. pref. met- wrong
(L. m4imu leas) -f faitanee doing, fr. /aire to do, L.
faeereA A le|^ trespass ; a wrong done.
Mto-flf (-fftO. Ik X A fitting badly. 2. SomeUdng
that fits badly, as a garment.
Mlft-fortOlM (-fdrattn), n. Bad fortune ; bad luck.
8yn. — Mishap ; 111 ; harm ; disaster. See Calamitt.
Mll-gtvta' (-S^^O! V. f. TO give doubt and apprehen-
■ion to. -^v. i. To be fearful or irresolute.
Mlft-gtrinc, *»• Bvn premonition ; doubt ; distrust
Mlljorim {r%WVn)y a, Unjustiy gotten.
Mto-gOf^an (mTs-gtiv'8m), r. /. To govern 01; to
misrule. — Mto-fOVeni-IIMSIt, n,
Mto-gnttto^ (-gidO. V. t. To guide wrong^; to leed
astray. — Hls-fUld'ailOe (-ons), n.
Mls-liap' (-hapO, n. Ill luck ; misfortune ; miscbanoe.
Mteim-pniTe' (-Im-prS&v'), v. t. To use for a bad pur-
pose ; to abuse. — MIsilll-JprOTe'lllHIt, n.
Mto'in-fonil' (-In-fdrmO, V. /. To give untrue Infor-
mation to ; to inform wrougly. — MUKlB-fonil'Vi ». —
MlS-ln'for-IIUltlOII (-Tn^fSr-mi'shttn). n.
Mtoin-Stmot' (-strfikf >, r. /. To Instruct amiss.
■te^ln-ter'prat (-tSr'pret), v. t. To understand or to
explain in a wrong sense. — MIS'lll-terpre-tA'tkin, n.
MlS-JlldC*' {'\'^Y\ ^- f' «& *• To judge erroneously or
unjttstlv ; to misconstrue. — MlS-Jlldg'auilt(-jlij'ment),
To judge erro
HwCBMBtC
) (-1M) ; p,
miMe, it, mist.]
mist; tomiule.
n._rWMtten alto mUjudaemerU.']
WB-laj' (-liOt V' <• 1* To ^y in ii wrong place ; to
ascribe to a wrong source. 2. To lose.
Mi'Ble (mTs^n), r. i. [imp. St p. p. ]
pr. & vb. n. MisuKO (-llngJ.J [Prop.
To rain in very fine drops, uke a thick
— n. A fine rain ; thick mist ; mizxle.
Mlft-leftd' (mTs-lSdO. r. t. [AS. mitlmdcn,! To lead
into a wrong way ; to lead astray ; to guide into error.
Syn. — To delude ; deceive. See Dbcuyb.
HisOe-toe (mTs''l-t«), n. Mistletoe.
lOsly (mTclj^), a. Raming in very small.drops.
Mto-nuui'af* (mTs-niIntj)7 f. '. & <- To manage iU.
— Mto-man'age-ment, n. — MI*-iiuui'A-g«r (•4-jlr), n,
Mto-matCh' (-mlchO* r. t. To match unsuitably.
Mlft-nailM^ (-nim'), r. t. To call by the wrong name.
Wm-wthBOM (-nS'mSr), n. [OF. pref. me*- amiss,
wr<nig (L. minus less) -|- F. nommer to name, L. nomi'
nare, fr. nomen name.] The misnaming of a person in
a l^d complaint or indictment ; wrong name or title.
w-Mg'A-llliSt (mT-sSg'i-mTst), n. [Or. ficovir to
hate -f- yofioc marriage.] A hater of marriage.
Mi-Mg'A-my (-mV), n. Hatred of marriage.
■t-MTF-lllBt (-sCjT-nTst), n. [Or. fumyvnii ; funuf
•i-yvr^ wonum.1 A woman hater.
■U-SOff^-nyT-nJ^)* ^ Hatred of women.
Mlihpell' (-P«0. r. /., MlihpMid' (-pfcidO, V. I., etc.
See MissFSLL, Misspbkd, etc.
MlS-ptoTtf (-pTk'0l),n. [O.] Arsenical iron pyrites.
Mlft-yUoe' (-pUteOt *>• '• To put in a wrong phuw.
Ml»-pllBt' (-prTnf), r. t. To print wrong. •» it. A
mistake in printing ; deviation from the copy.
Mlft-nrl'glOll (-prTsh'On^ n. [LL. mispriaiOy P^m ^^
mistaking, but confused witii OF. mespris contempt.] A
legal neglect, negligence, or contempt : (a) Misprision of
treason, omission to notify the authorities of an act of trea-
son. (6) Misprision of felony, concealment of a f el(my.
Kto'pre-llOlllloe' (-prft-nounaO, v. t. A i. To pro-
nounce incorrectly. — fUfl'pfO-llllll'Ot-a'tlon, n.
Hto-tnote' (-kwSf), v.t.&i. To quote inoorrectiy.
— Kto^quo-ta'tloii, n.
WOa'TO-VOKtf (-rt-p5rf), v.t&i. To report errone-
ously. — n. A false or incorrect account given.
MOs-rep^re^enr (-rSp'r^zent'), v. t.&i. to ]
sent incorrectly. — Hls-rep're-Mll-tAtkni, n.
Mlft-role' (mTs-rRl^, V. ^ & <. To rule badly ; to mis-
govern.—n. 1. Aroismling. 2. Disorder; tumult.
IUm (mis), n. [Contr. fr. mistress.! 1. A title of
coorte^ prefixed to the name of a girl or woman not
marriedt. 2. A young unmarried woman or a girL
IUm, r. /. [AS. missan,} 1. To fall of hitting, get-
ting, finding, seeing, hearfc^pf, etc 2. To omit ; to go
without. 3. To discover the absence of ; to want. — v. t
1. To fail to hit ; to deviate from the true direction. 2.
To fan to obtain, learn, or find.— n. 1. A ndsslng ; fail-
ure to hit. reach, find, etc. 2. Mistake ; error ; fault.
HIs'Ml (mls'sal), n. [LL. missalt, liber missaliSt It,
missa mass.] The book containing the service of the
a. Pert, to the Mass or a Mpas book.
fftm, reoent, Arb, ryde, f yll, ftm, food, io^ot, «»u^ oil, cliair, so, siusi ^Qk, then, tliin.
MISSELTOE
364
MIZZLE
||ll'Ml-tM(mTs'ia.t5),n. Mirtletoe.
HIi-MIld' (mTa-aSnd')* v. U To aend Muiss.
Mil lliapr (-ahipO, V, L To give an unnatural form
to : to deform. — UMlup'tB, a.
WWtXk^ (-«>Il)i a, [L. mi$»au^ ft. mittere, missum , to
•end, throw.l Cwpable of being thrown or projected. —
n, [14. mUsue,'] Weapon thrown, aa a lance, bullet, etc.
Ua'feifltt (mlah^On), n, [L. mistiOj fr. mittere, mis-
sum.} 1. A tending, or being aent ; oomnuMion. 2. fir-
rand ; bnriwMM on which one iaient. 9. Peraonaaeut to
pert onn anj aerrioe ; embaaay. 4. An aaaoclation of mia-
aionariea; aUtion or reaidenoe of miaaiouariea.
8yift«— Meange ; errand ; oommiaaion ; deputation.
lUi'ilOlim-ry (nt-if), ». Oneaentouamiaaiou; eap.,
one aent to propagate religion. •> a. Pert, to miMiona.
■la'itf«(-aTT),a. [See Mauoir.] 1. SpeciaUyaent.
8. Miaaile. * n. That which ia aent ; written meaaage.
■ll-iptll' (-epOO* v* f' ^ •P«ll incorrectly.
KUhntXy^MMt n. A wrong apelling.
■ll-ipMld'^pSndOt V. iTTo apend amiaa or for wrong
purpoaea ; to aquander ; to waate. [sUtA'lnMtti n.T
WMtkt*' (-atitO, V. /. T^atate wrongly. -Mli-I
Mll-Sttp't n. A wrong atep ; error of conduct.
■1st (mVat), n. [AS. ; aUn to D. mist,} 1. Viaible
watery vapor ; fog. 2. Coarae vapor, i4>proachlng rain.
8. Anything which dime viaion.— >r. /. To cloud; to
dim. — V. i. To rain in very fine dropa.
Mlft-takt'CmTa-tikOfV-^ l.Totakefaiawrongaenae;
to miaunderataud. 2. To mlajudge. — v. i. To err In
knowledge, perception, opinion, or judgment.— n. An ap>
prehending wrongly ; miaoonoeption ; miaunderstanding.
Byn. — Blunder; error; bulL SeeBLinrDBa.
Mis-takfen (•tik'hi), pw a. 1. Being in error ; judging
wrongly. 2. mroneooa ; wrong. — KihtAl^ail-iy, adv.
■litMr (-tir), n. [SeeMAam.] A tiUe of courteay
prefixed to the name of a man or youth ; — written Mr.
Mto-tlmt' (mla-tlm0« v* t. To time wrongly.
■Istl-IMM (mTatnr-nSa), n. State of beings misty.
■Istl* (mTi>*l), V. 1 [SeeMnLB.] Tomixxle.
MtotU-tOt (-t5), n. [AS.m<iteMbi;muto/miatletoe
+ tin twig.] A paraaitio ^
evergreen plant, bearing a
glutinoua fruit. When found
upon tlie oak, wliere it ia
rare, it waa an object of auper-
atitioua regard among the
Druida. [Written alao misle*
toejinisseUoe, uid mistMoJ]
MLi-tOOlB' (mTa-t06kO, im^
A Obs. p. p. of MlBTAKB.
■lS%ld (-tral), n. [F..
fr. ProvengaL] A violent and
cold northweat wind experi-
enoed in the Mediterranean
provinoea of France, etc.
■irtnuUhUtt' (-trlna-
UtOt V. U To tranalate erro- Miatlatoc ( FZanon oAmii).
neotialy. — ■Is'tmui-Utkni, n.
■ll^traM (-trSa), n. [OF. maistresse^ LL. maffistrissa,
for L. magistra^ fem. of magister. See Mastbb.] 1. A
woman having power, authority, or ownership : female
head of a familv, achool, etc. 2. A woman well akilled
in anything. 3. A sweetheart. 4. A concubine, ft. A
title of courteay formerly prefixed a woman's name, now
superseded by the contractions, Mrs. & Miss.
■ll-tnMt' (-trttatOt n. Want of confidence or truat ;
auapicion ; distrust. — > v. /. 1. To regard with Jealousy or
suspicion. 2. To forebode as likely to occur ; to surmise.
— HUhtHMtfol (-f^i). ff. — Mls-tnutfnl-ly, adv.
MUktUlM' (-tunOt V. t. To tnne wrongly.
■Ist^ (mist'^^, a. [AS. mistig.} 1. Accompanied
with. orobflouredby, mist. 2. Dim; obncure; clouded.
■u-im'd«r-CUUlld' (mTs-tinMSr-stXndO, r. /. To mis-
conceive ; to mistake ; to take in a wrong sense.
■ls-llil'dir«taBdlBff, n. 1. Mistake of the menw
ing; error. 2. Diaagreement ; quarrel.
ns-lia'ilM (-5s^j ; 2). it. Bad treatment ; abnae.
Mlft-VM' (-uxa r. t. 1. To treat or uae improperly ;
to miaapply. 2. To treat ill.
Sjn. — To maltreat ; abuae ; miaemploy ; miaapirfy.
KiS-IUM' (-US'), n. Wrong uae ; miaappUoation.
■tteCml^n. [AS. mite mite (in
aenae 1).] LA minute arachnid, of
many apeciea; aa, the cheeae mite,
harvest mite^ etc. 2. [D. mijt ; prob.
same word.] A small coin or weight.
3. Anything very amalL
MH«r ) (mlOSr), ». [F. m«rv, fr.
MTtrt I L. mitra headband, tor-
ban. Or. ft^vpo.] 1. A covering for
the bead, worn by church dignitariaa.
2. Surface forming the beveled edge
of apiece where a miter Joint ia made ;
Joint formed by two beveled ends or
edges matched and united up<yi a line bJaertii^ the angle
of junction.— r.f. [imp. ^^ _, .__
The Pepa's Miter.
p.p.\
or MrrBBo ; p. pr.
n. MiTBBaro(-terwTi
Mnmnio (-trlng).]
place a miter upon.
To bevel the enda „..^. ,^».«
edgea of, to match to- — — -^— .
gather at an angle. ^ v. i. To meet and match together.
■ttl-ffata (mltnf-git), r. f. (X. wUHaare, .^aium, to
Boften, mitigate ; mitis mild 4* n>ot of agert to do.]
To msJie leaa aevere, harah,painful, etc j to aoften ; to
leaaen.- Httl-ca-Ut, a.- Utl^aat lOtl-ffa-ttf^, a.
-Mtn-n tor, n.
Syn. —To alleviate ; aaanage ; allay. See Allktiatb.
Mitl-ga'tioil, n. A mitigating, or being mitigated.
Syn. — Alleviatioa ; abatement ; relief.
llMitni'Ill«lir'(m|/tr*'y8iO,a. [F.] Onewboaervea
a mitraOleuae.
WWUftn^mmm^i-fiM^n. £F., ft. mUroiUer to ^n
grapeahot, fr. mUraiue old iron, grapeahot.] A breech*
loading machine gun consisting of a number of barrab
fired dmultaneonaly, or auocearively, and n^dly.
MKtrt(mFt2r)rit.&v. Miter.
■ttt (mTt), a. [Abbr. fr. mitfea.] A mitten ; alao, a
covering for the wrist and hand and not for the fingers.
Mtt'tan (mTt'ttn), n. [F. mUaine.} 1. A covering
for the hand, not having a separate sbealh for each finger.
2. A cover for the wrist and forearm.
" ■ f^.ffiiltereto
tO|
(-tT-mfia), a. [L., we
(a) A justice's warrant for
it/on
n
•end.]
(6) A writ /or removing recorda from one coort
Mtfy (mlt^), a. ^vinfF, or abound!
with, mites,
(mlkst)
(mTksJ, v.t. At. ^mp. Ap, p.}
(lesa properly Mizt) ; p. pr. A tfh. n. kuuiv. j iao.
misean.} 1. To unite into one maaa or oomnound ; to
mingle ; to Uend. 2. To join ; to aaaociate. 2. To oooa-
pound of different parts. — WDMfWi, a.
Mlrtl-llB'e-Al (mTks'tMTn't^il), i a. [L. mixtut
ItlrtMlB'e^l-t^), i mixed (p. p. of
miscere) 4- E. lineal. /iiuNir.] Containing, or conaistinf
of, lines of different kinds, as straight, curved, etc
HIa'tim (mTka^ttr ; 40), a. 1. A mixing, or beinff
mixed. 2. A compound ; a medley.
Syn. — Union ; admixture ; intermixture : medley.
Mll'MII (mTa'aHi), a. pt. mesganot f r. mrxumo mid-
dle, fr. measo half.] fflndmost ; nearest the stera.^fa.
Hindmost fore and aft aaO of a tliree-maated veaaeL
■ll'Mll-BUMt (nniat^ a. The hhidmost mast of a
three-masted veaaal, or ca a yawl-rigged vesseL
Mls^0(mTB^*l),v.<. [SMMiBLaandMisTiB.] I.T0
min in very fine dropa. 2. To take one^a self off ; to go.
[SUmg] — n. Hist ; fine rain.
S, 8, 1, 5, a, kmg ; ft, 6, 1, 5, 0, tt •bort ; aan2te, dveat, tdea, dbey, llnite, cAre, l&rm, aak, §11, flaoL
MNEMONIC
366
MOLD
I (nt*m5aTk), ) a. [Or. funyioyuttfc, fr.
J-Al (-T-kol), ) lur^itmv luiudiul, |un||ii|
mtmoij, f&v«a#Bi to ramember.] Airittiiig memory.
Wm Wionloii n. Art of memory ; lyMtem of rolee
Intended to mudat the monory ; artificial memory.
Mo^tL (m^i), n, [NaUve name.] Very large, extinct,
winglew bird of New Zealand.
■OtB(mSn),v.i.i&f. [AS-mSiMtn.] To make a low
prolonged sound of grief or pain ; tobewail.^n. Alow
prolonged aound of pain or grief ; a murmuring aound.
Mon (mSt), n. [OF. mote.} A trench around a ram-
part : a ditch. — v. I. To eurround with a moat.
Hob (mSbl n. [L. mtMie vuimu movable common
people.] 1. nie lower cWwei of a community ; the
pomilaoe, or lowest part of it. 2. A throng ; nU>ble ;
muawfol or riotous orowd.^ v. t. To crowd about, as
a mob, and attack or annoy.
■o'Mte (mOa>Tl), a. (X. motrilit, for nunfUrilU, fr.
moMTS to move.] 1. Oanable of being moved. 8. Fluid ;
moving with great freedom;— opp. to vUcout or oUff,
S. Bsally moved ; fickle. 4. Ohuging in expression,
ft. Capable of nwntaneoos movement. — Ha*1lill-ty, n.
mdWUm (m5ba-lli), V. t, [F. moMtiser.] To get
(troops) ready for war. — MsMij^waftkm, ».
Mooroa-fllll (mSkOUk-sIn). n. [Indian word.l 1. An
American Indian^s shoe made of soft leather, fl. A poi-
soooos snake of the Southern United States.
■o^Oha (mO^kA), ». 1. A seaport town of Arabia, on
the Bed Sea. a. A variety of coffee from Mocha.
I (mSk), V. t. [F. wMq%^er.^ 1. To imitate ; to
a. To treat contemptuously. 3. To delude ; to
. <. To make sport in contempt or in jest.
^li. An act of derision ; sneer ; jeer. ^ a. Imitating
raaUty.bot not real ; false ; assumed; sham. — Mook'V,
^tr-y,n.
Byn*— Totaont; tantalise; disappoint.
SeeDiBiDB.
■oiAClBSt a. Imitating ; mimicking : derisive.
MerktngMid, a North American singing bird remarkable
for its exact imitations of the notes m other birds.
■o^dal (m^dal), a. [F.] Pert, to a mode or mood ;
consisting m mode or form only ; having the form without
reality. -Ho'daMy, adv. -lio^al'fty (-dUT-t^), n.
' (mSd), ». [L. moc/tw.] Manner of doing or
Mthod; wav; style. S. Prevailing popular cus-
tom ; fashion. 3. In grammar, a mood.
Syn. — Method ; manner. See Mrhoo.
■od'tl (mSd'ax n. [F. modUe, fr. L. modeUut, dim.
of wukhu,] 1. A miniature representation of a thing ;
faosJmile. 8. A pattern of something to be made. 3. An
example for imitation.— a. SuitaUe to be taken as a
model or pattern. — r. /. [imp. & p. p. Modblbd (-91d)
or Moosllbd ; p.pr.A vb. n. Modbluio or Modbllxxo. j
To plan or form after a pattern ; to form a model or pat-
torn for. — «. i. To design or imitate forms. — Hod'el-or,
». [Written also meddler JJ
■oO'V-Ate (-Sr-tt), a. [L moderorv, -ra^m, to mod-
erate. control, fr. modus measure.] Kept within due
boands ; not excessive, extreme, violent, or rigorous. ^
v.L 1. To resteain from excess ; to aUay ; to qualify.
^ ide over or regulate, —v. i. 1. To become
I severe, or intense. 2. To preside as a mod-
Bd'v-ate-iiMW, n. -Hod'tr-Atkm, n.
tor (-war), n. [LJ 1. One that moder-
atea, restrains, or padfles. 2. The officer presiding over
an assembly to preserve order, propose questions, regu-
late the proceeofaigs, and declare the votes. 3. A me-
chanirsl arrangement for regulating motion in a machine.
Moa'«ni(4lm),a. iF,modemetL.modemus.'\ Pert,
to the present time, or time not long past; lateen.
One of modem times ; — opp. to aneietU,
■od'Mll-lm (-Ts*m), ». Modem practice ; a thing of
recent date; a modem usage or expression.
■od^cn-lM (-is), «. f. Tb render modem ; to con-
form to modem usage or taite. — HoO'cni-l-n'tloil, n.
V. s. X* xx> rem
2. To praalde o
leoa violent, seve
orator. -Mod^a
I ■od'Mt (mSd'Sst), o. [L.modMfM,fk>.m0(fiM.] 1.
Restrained within due limits of propriety* not forward,
bold, or obtroaiva. 2. Observing the proprieties of the
sex; not unwomanly in act or bewins; decent; — said of
a woman. 3. Evincing mrdesty in the actor, author, or
speaker; not excessive ; moderate. — Had'Mit-ly, flufv.
Syn. — Reserved: unobtrusive; diffident; bashful;
coy; shy; decent; becoming; chaste; virtuous.
Hod'«»-ty (-^s-tj^), n. [L. modedia,-} 1. Quali^ or
state of being modest ; absence of presumption. 2. Nat-
ural delicacy or sliame resarding personal charms and the
sexual relation ; purity of thought and manners.
Syn. — Bashfuiness ; humility ; diffidence; shyness.
See Bashvulniss, and Humiuty.
Madl-dun (-T-kilm), ft. [L., fr. modieus moderate,
fr. modus.'} A little ; small quantity.
Modl-fy (-fl); V. t, [L. modifteare ; modus -f- -JUare
(incomp.)tomake.] 1. To clumge f orm or qualitws of ;
to alter somewhat. 2. To limit; to qualify. —Hodl-
fftr, n. ~Hodl-fl'A4)to, o. -Modl-frMtta, ».
Hadllll (mSdTsh), a. According to the mode, or
fashion. — Hodllh-ly, adv. — HaOllll-llMim n.
llK«'dllto'(m(/d«st0.f>. [F. SeeMooB.] A female
maker of ladies' fashionable dress.
Hodll-late (mOd'tt-lit), V. L [L. modulari, 4aius, fr.
modulus small measure, meter, melody, dim. of modus.}
1. To form (sound) to a certain key, or to a certain pro-
portion. 2. To vary or inflect in a natural or musical
manner, —^v.i. To pass from one musical key into an-
ther. — Hod'n-bi'tor, n. — Had'n-latloa, n,
Hod'nla (-ttl), n. A model or measure.
Ho-ral' (m«.g1U0« f>. [Fr. the Mongolian.] 1. One
of the Mongolian race. 2. A heavy locomotive for freight
traffic, having three pairs of connected driving wheels.
Gnat, or Orand, Kegal, the former emperor olDelhi; a
very important personage.
Ho'lialr' (mSOiftr^), n. [F. moire.} Long silky hair
of the Angora goat ; a fabric made from it.
Mo-lUUn'&Md-AB (-hin/mSd-on), a. Pert, to Moham-
med, or the religion and institutions founded by him. —
n. A f ' r ! A' '. [Writt^ti niaaMtthamf-
tah, ,1/ .■;■., ; '■■^etc]
MQ^bam'medaa-iam. Mo-h«in1nBd4s&l (-Ti'tu >, n.
Rt-lijji-'iK i>T "iin'iricjeri uml ^iTvtu^[jU^ ot Moiutmiued, cofi-
Mol'dor* (ujolMot), «. [Pg. fiKfe^ifl d'onro^ Ut.* coin
of tf'kl'l ) A Kold cuip f>f PorlHiral, worth nfesr ly $1,
B Ol'o -ty (, -*^ty K n . [F. ma iiii, L. mMi^tu, it. ntfttiHS
mi'liilt', lialf.l Que of t*o oqin*]; jiuli,; a linlf.
BoU Uiwil)^ f. '■ [OF. fi^oiihfT, fr. Ll. mollis toft.]
To Ufcub i to d^fl|e' — r, ^ To boIL ojia'a Klf «itK «v&re
labor ; to toij ; to druUft^H — n. A spot ; deflleiuent.
Moist {tijolat), <t. [OF, mQiti€^ fr L, innr^ut^
KoU'ton (nioka^n), r. /. 1. lo i^qEk d>vuip. 2, To
'" Bn by making moist ; to make tender.
[Olflllira (-tttr; 40), n. 1. Moderate i
soften b]
That which moistens ; liquid in small quantity.
Molar (mSaSr), a. [L. moles mass.] Pert, to a masf
of matter ; — said of properties or motions of masses.
Molar, a. [L. mofortii, fr. mo/a mill. 1 Having power
to grind ; grinding ; pert, to molar teeth. — n. One of
the teeth back of the incisors and canines. — Mtola-ry, a.
Mo-las'aaa (mft-lU'sSsV n. [F. milasse, fr. L. me/,
meUiSf honey.] Sirup which drains from sngar, or is made
from vegetable juice or sap, as of the sorghum or maple.
Mold 1 (mSld), n. [AS. molde; aUn to E. meat
MOBld f flour.] 1. Orambling, soft, friable earth ;
earth containinff remains of organic matter, and suited to
thegrowth of plants; soiL 2. Earthy material
Mold, In. [Fr. p. p. of OE. moulen to become
Mould, ) moldy, to rot.] A growth of minute fungi
on damp or decaying organic matter.^v. L Ai, A
render, or become, moldy ; to fill with mold.
ISn, z«o0nt, Orb, ryde, tyU, ttm, food, f <A>t, oat, oil, chair, go, sing, ink, then, thin.
MOLD
366
MONETIZE
Moldioga.
{(mSld), n, [OF. moie^ fr. L. modulus. See
MooBte] Matrix, or cavity, in which any-
thing is ahaped. 2. Anything which regulates the sice,
form, etc. 3. Gaat; form ; character.— r. /. 1. To form
into a particaUr ah^M ; to f aabicm. 8. To ornament by
molding the material ef. 3. To knead (dough, bread,
etc) 4. To form a mold ot (a casting) in tand, etc —
MtfUi'tr, HoolA'tr. n. - Koid'A-Dlo, HooU't-tolt. a.
lUUI'tr, \v.i,ict, [Fr. mold aof t earth.] Tb orum-
MMld'V, ) ble ; to turn to dust bv natural decay.
lUUII-liMm Konldl-llMStii. A being moldy.
MtfUlllCt In. 1. A shaping in or od a mold ; a
■oaldillC, / making molds. 2. Anything cast in a
mold. 3. An architec^ral trimming ; a piaiie, or curred,
narrow surface, for decoration ^^_
bv means of the lights and
shades upon its snifaoe.
Mtlil6y )(-y)ta. Overgrown
Hoald'F I with, or contain-
ing, mold, or fungous growth.
lkol§(mSl),}». [A8.md/.] A
spot, mark, or small permaueui _
protuberance on the human — ^^
body ; a dark-colored spot from
which issoe one or more hairs. . . , >.» <^
ll0lj»,n. [UmolaA A mass « ^."SSS^/ JOj?.- fX;
of fleshy or solid matter gener- gcoti*. or CUwcment i/
ated in the uterus. Apophygrt ; g Ovolo, or
Mol«,i». [F.ma/«,L.mofo*.] ^"•^i ««""'*'* T*""
Hound of large stones; etc, suiUE ru. ,< Reading u Band,
before a port, to defend it from riolence of the waves,
protecting ships hi a harbor ; the harbor itself.
■olt, n. fOB. nolle, fr. root of mold soiL] 1. An
faiseotiTore, having minute eyes
and ears, soft fur, and veiv
large and strong fore feet, with
whioh it digs extensive bur- ]5IB^BBH^K'^
rows. 2. A plow for forming ^^^^^E^^^ 6"
underground drains.— v.f. 1. American Mole (Scahp$
To form bdea in, as a mole ; to aqm^iaiM).
burrow. 2. To clear of molehills.
■oU'oairC-kAstOtatftoailU'C-bTP),*. A Uttle hil-
lock thrown up by moles working under ground ; insig-
nificant obstacle or difficulty.
■0l'»«lll«(m51'S-km), n. [Dim. fr. L-moZef amass.]
1. One of the invisible partides of which all matter is
supposed to consist. 2. Smallest part of any substance
which possesses its characteristic properties and qualities.
-Hd-lM^-lar (raft-lSk'Q.lSr), a.
moll9fMikta^ (mSl'skTnOt n. A fabric having a thick
soft shag, like the fur of a mole ; fustian.
Mo-ImT (mft-lSsf), t*. /. [L. moleOare, fr. molesttu
troublesome, fr. mole*.'] To trouble. — Mo-lMfV, n.
— Hol'ss-tAtlOB (m91'8s-a'ah&n or mSOSs-), n.
Syn.— To disturb ; incommode ; annoy ; rex ; tease.
Kdntont (mSl'yent or -IT-^nt), a. [L. moUieru, p. pr.
of moUire to soften, fr. moUu soft.] Serving to soften.
■olOi-fy (mSllT-fi), r. t. [F. moUifier, L. moUi/tcare;
moUU -f- -Aoare (in comp.) to make.] 1. To soften ; to
make tender. 2. To assuage (pain or irritation) ; to ap-
peaae (excited feeling or paadon) ; to calm. — Holll-
fr«, ». - HtflOi-ffA-Vto, a. - Hol'U-fl-oatlOll, n.
nHol-lni'(Ml(-lCUi^4),n.D/. [NL.1 One of the grand
divisions of the animal Ungdom, including animals having
an unaegmented bilateral body, and generally covered
hy a calcareous shell, univalve, bivalve, or mnltivalve. —
Mol-lns'oan, a.&n. — Htfl-lns'ooiis (-lasOcfia), n.
Hal-lns^OOld (-koid), a. [ilfo^/tMCo + -oiVf.] Resem-
bling mollusks. — n. One of the Molluscoidea.
lilollllS-oal'd*^ (-koiMt-4), n. pf. [NL. SeeMoL-
UJBX, and -oio.] A division of Invertebrata including
the Bryotoa.
■olliuk (mSllllsk), n. [L. mollusca a soft nut with
thin shellff r. molluictui mollis^ soft. ] One of the Mollusca.
■olt ) (mSlt), V. i. & t. [L. muiare. Bee Msvto
HoaU ) molt, and Mvn, v. /.] Toshedorcast (th«
hair, feathers, skin, horns, etc), as an animal or bird. ^
n. The changing the feathers, hair, skin, etc ; moltiiw.
■ollHI (mm*n), a. 1. Melted; befaiff in a state of
fusion. 2. Made by melting and casting.
Ho'lBMIt (moment), n. [F. ; L. moMai/MR, f or maetf.
men/um movement, moment, fr. morere to move.] 1. A
minute portion of time ; an instant. 2. Impulsive power ;
f oroe ; momentum. 3. Importance in influence or effect ;
weight or value. 4. A deciding point or consideration.
Syn. — Instant: twinkling; coosequenoe ; weight;
force ; value ; consideration ; signification ; avaU.
ta-ry (-min-tt-ij^), «. [L. momemiariu*.y
Done in a moment ; lasting a very abort time.— Mos
BMn-ta-xl-ly, adv. — HoUiaa-ta-n-iiMim ^
Mo'lnqBt-ly, -flufe. 1. For a moment. 2. In a mo-
ment ; every moment ; momentarUy.
Me-mMtlOlUl (-mfotfis), o. [L. momenionu rapid,
momently.] Of moment or consequence; wdgh^.—
Hd-BMntODS-ly, a<fr. — MO««itO«MMflft, n.
Ma-iii«illUl(-tfim),ii. [L.] The quantity of motioB
in a movinff body ; impetus.
■oo'A-Oual (m9u'4-kal), a. [L. monacku$ a monk.]
Pert to monks or a monastic life ; monastic
■on'A-chlnB (-kTs*m), n. Monasticism.
HOB-M^ (-iaOTd), a. [L. mon- + <u^] HaTtng
one hydrogen atom replaceable by a negstiYe or acid atom
or radical ; capable of neutralising a monobaaic acid ; —
said of bases, and of certain metals.
'afl (-Id), n. [L. monoM. -odU, a unit. Or. Mev^t
-^i3of, fr. itj&¥0% alone. 1
HMMm -fmi#,
[1 ultimate
hTdrofi
■o-aAfl'
Hon'aiOll (mSn'Ark), n. Monads (def. SI
11.^
ultimate and indivisible. 2.
One of the smallest flagel-
late Infusoria. 3. A simple,
minute organism; a pri-
marv cell, germ, or plaimd.
4. A chemical atom or rad-
ical which can combine
with, be replaced by, or ex-
changed for, one atom of '8
h y d r o g e n. — Ho-nadiO,
dlJwiL«
__;'aroli (n .
[L. morkarcha^ it. Qr.' fio-
»^XV> li^<»PX9^ ; M^ -f-
apxetv to be first, govern.]
1. A sole or supreme ruler ; sorereign ; emperor, king,
queen, prince, or chief. 2. One superior to aU others
of the same kind. —a. Superior to others; supreme. —
Ha-IUUfOlial (mft-niirOuil), M04UUfOhS-«l (-kT-al),S*.
luufoble (-kTk), ■e-nar'olikHa (-kl-kai), a.
Mon'aroll-lnil (m5n'4rk-Ts*m), n. Principles of, or
preference for, monarchy. — Mon'anft^st, n.
HoB'axoll-y {-Sh n. [Or. iut¥apxi«^'\ 1. State, or
inrstem, in which a monarch has supreme power. 2. Tw^
rltory ruled over by a monarch.
HoB'M-ttr-y (-Is-t^r-]^), n. [Or. pMmvr^ptm, fr.
Atofo^n^ monk, fr. fUyos alone.] House of religious re-
tirement. — Han^M-te^-al (-ts'rT-al), a.
8yn. — Convent ; abbey ; priory. See Cloutb.
■o-aasllo (mft.nls'tTk), A. [Or.|teM0TiK-l !• ^^^
to monasteries, their occupants, rules, etc 2. Secluded
from temporal concerns and devoted to religioo; re-
cluse. — n. A monk. — U^muf^lO^CL o. — Mo^M'-
tlo-al-lT, adv. — Mo-mu^-dMrn (•tT-«ra*m), n.
Hon^y (mfin'dt ; 2), n. [AS. mUnandmg day aaersd
to the moon.] Second day of the week.
Hon'a-ta-lT (-t-tt-r^), a. [Lw numetarhu beloagfag
to a mint. See Mokst. j Pert, to money ; pecuniary.
Meaelary unit, standard of a national cnrrener, as the
dollar in the United States, pound in Rngiand, etc
Han'e-tlie (-tis), v. t To convert into mon^; to
adopt as current money. — Moa'a-tl-ntiOII, *>.
2, •, 1, 8, 0, long ; &, i, t, 5, «, t, abort { MDtte, iTMt, tdea, 6bey, Ibilfte, oAn, ttrm, Ask, fD, flB«L
MONEY
367 MONOSYLLABLE
Mte'ey (mfin'y), n. ; pi. Monbtb (U}. [OE. & OF.
' \fr. L. nipneta,\ 1. Piece of gold, dlTer, copper,
e DuJdng moncnr ;
e. 2. Bucceauul
^c, coined and iasued by the aoTereign Mitbority u a
memnin of exchange ; a number of such pieces ; coin.
%. A promise, oertinoate, or order, as a gOTemmmit note,
bonk note, etc., payable in standard coined money and
lawfully current. 3. Wealth; property.
MsMf tooksr or ehaaffsr, a dealer in aifferent kinds of
money or in bills of ezcmuage. — Mousy order, an order for
the payment of money; a government order to pay
loooey, issued at one post office and pajrable at another.
Mon'tyta (-Id), a. 1. Supplied with money ; wealthy.
%. Made into money ; c<rinea. 3. Composed of money.
MOB'ey-lMW, a. Destitute of money ; pennQess.
M0B'a7-lBak'tllc(-mSkang),». The
•oquiifttion of wealth. — a. 1. lAicratiTe,
in nining monev, and devoted to that aim.
■oil'mr (mttn'gir), n. [AS. mangere. fr. mangian
to tradeT] A trader ; dealer ; — used chiefly in composi-
tion ; as, flshmonoer, newsmonger. — >r. t. To deal in.
Hon'KOl (mOB^gS), ■on-COOlraa (mSn-gSaTwin), a.
Ptort. to Mongolia or the Mongols. — n. One of the Mon-
gola, a race of men, including the greater part of the in-
habitants of Ohina, Japan, and Central Asia.
WtaafmH (mftn'gTO), n. [Prob. aUn to AS. mmffon
to mix, B. mlnpfe. J Progeny of two breeds. « a. 1.
Not of a pore breed. 2. Of mixed kinds.
■OBltd (mfinTd), a. Moneyed.
■o^HIOQ (mft-nlsh'fin), n, [T., fr. K monUio, tr.
manere to warn.] 1. Instruction by way of caution ;
admonition; warning. 2. Information; notice.
MoilirttV* (mSnO-tTv). a. Conveying admonition.
MflOfMor (-t8r), n. [L.] 1. One who admonishes,
warns of faults, or instructs. 2. A pupil put in charee
of a school in the teacher's absence. 3. A large Old
World lisard, which devours the eggs and young of the
crocodile. 4. [Kame given by Ca^ain Kricsson, its de-
signer, to the first ship of the kind.] An ironclad war
vessel, with armored revolving turrets, carrying heavy
fans. — Monl-toM-al (-tS'rT-^il), a. - MMl1rtO-ry, a.
A n, — Monl-trMs, Honl-tilz, n./.
Htook (mttnk), n. [AS. mvnue^ mune^ L. monachtut^
Gr. ^uovaxk, fr, fuSroc alone.} 1. A man who retires
from temporal concerns, and devotes himself to religion ;
dweUer in a monastery, bound hv vows to a life of chas-
tity, obedience, and poverty. 2. A blotch of ink on a
printed page. — Monk'tr-y (-8r-j^), n.
Mmntff (mfiQOc]^), ». [Olt. mtmicchiOy dim. of
wvmna an ape, also dame, mistress, contr. fr. madonna.1
1. (a) Any one of the Qnadrumana, including apes, ba-
boons, ana lemurs. (6) Any species of Quadrumana, ex-
cept the kmim. (e) Anv spcM^ies of Quadrumana (esp.
anoh as have a long taU and prehensile feet) exdu-
Heads of Monkeys.
live of apes and baboons. 2. A term of contempt, as
for a mischievous child. 3. Weight of a pile driver or
drop hammer used \n forging. — r. /. & i. To ape.
Iftnfcsy Jacket, a short closely fitting Jacket* worn by
■aUors.— MookMrshlBs, Monkey trick, a mischievous prank.
— Mioaksf WTwsii, a wrench having a movable Jaw.
Monkey Wrench.
■onkiSll (mfiQkasb), a. Like, or pert, to, monks.
(mSn'ft-lcrSm), n. [Or. ftoi^xP**'*^ ?
Ii6v9i single -f- Xpw/uui color.] A painting made with a
single color. — Mon'O-Okro-BUlft^ (-krft-mlt^k), a.
Mon'O-Oto (-kU), n. [F.] An eyeglass for one eye.
Ho-noo^-lar (mft-n9k^-i8r). He-noo^-loiui (-ins), a.
gj. monoeulus; Gr. fUvot single -j- L. oeulu* eye.] 1.
aving only one eye ; with one eye only. 2. Adiapted to
be used with only one eye at a time.
Mon'a-dlSt (mOn't-dlst), n. A writer of a monody.
Hcn'O^y (-dj^), n. [L. tMmodia^ Or. fuv^fSia, fr. ftiv^
Ui singing alone; ^rof -f ^ song.] A poem in which
a single mourner expresses lamentation.
Ho-nog^A-my (m^-nScfA-m]^), n. [Or. fuwoyoiUa;
u4m( + yci^iov nuurriage.1 tUngle marriage : marriage with
out one person at one tune ; — opp. to potygamy. AlaOy
one marriage only duriiw life ; — opp. to deutengittwy,
Hon'O-giam l[m9n'«-grim), n. [L.
monogramma ; Or. a6v9s 4- ypA/ifia let-
ter, fr. Ypo^civ to write.] A character or i
cipher composed of interwoven letters.
Iff >
.^ The monogram annexed, combtadns
theietters of the name Kabolvb, was used
by Charlemagne.
MonTo-mxh, (-grif), n. [Jtfimo- -f
-grajakJ] Written account of a nngle thiiw
or class of things ; treatise on a mibject of limited range
HOB^O-UUl (m9n^4Ttb), ». [Gr. |ioy<Uu0of ; m^voc 4-
XiBot stone.] A single stone, esp. one shaped into a pil*
lar, statue, or monument.
■IOll'o4og1M (-ISg), n. [F. ; Gr. iiov^KvfH roeaking
alone ; /mSvos + isiyon discourse, kiytuf to speak.] 1. A
speech uttered by a person alone ; soliloquy. 2. A drsr
matic compontion for a single performer.
■on^O-ma'nl-a (-ml'nT-A), n. [Mono- -f mania."]
Derangement of the mind in regard to a single subject
only ; concentration of interest upon one parficMlar sub-
ject. — Hoi'o-ma'iil-fto, n.&a,
Syn. — Alienation ; derangement. See Imbanxtt.
HO'llO'nil-al (mft-n5'ml<<il), n. A single algebraic ex-
pression ; an expression unconnected with any other by
the sign of addition, subtraction, equality, or inequality,
—a. Conristing of but a single term or expression.
Hon^O-Mfal-OIUI (m9n'«-p8fal-iiB), a. IMono- -f-
petalj] Having only one petal, or the corolla in one piece ;
naving petals cohering so as to form a tube or bowl.
MMl'ODll-tllOIIff (-9f-th9ng), n. [Or. |ioro<^Ooyvo( with
one ooiud ; uAvc^ -f~ ^^^Yf*^ sound, voice.] 1. A single
uncompounded vowel sound. 2. A digraph.
■^•iun'a*llaa (mft-nSp^-lix), v. t. To acquire a mo-
nopoly of ; to have the exclusive privilege of dealing in,
or exclusive possession of ; to engross the whole of. —
Ho-nop'a-U'ier, Ho-nopfo-Ust, n.
■o-nop'O-ly (-Ij^), n. IGr. luwowokia ; m^voc + ^rmKtXw
to sell.] 1. Exclusive power, right, or mivilege of sell-
ing a commodity, of dooUng in some article, or of trading
in some market. 2. Exclusive possession, i
■im'op-tOte (mOn'Op-tSt or mft-n5p'-), ^.-
K. [Or. lutv&vrwTOi ; fuSvos -|- nrwrtff apt f i:
to fidl, fallen, fr. irtirrcty to fall; wrik- ^"
case.] A noun having only one case.
Hdn'O-flep^al-ons (mSn'ft-sSp^al-Bs), a.
[Mono- 4- tepal."] Having only one sepal,
or the calyx in one piece or composed of the
serais united into one piece ; gamosepalous.
Hon'o-ipn'nial (-spSr'nuu), ) a. [Mo-
HoB^o-aMrfmonfl C-mOs), ) no- -p Or.
inr^aseed.l Having only one seed.
Hon'O-Stloll (-stTk), n. [Or. ^ofckmyoir ;
fi^MK 4- <mW line, verse. J A composition
consisting of one verse only. _,
Hon'o-syl'U-lila (-sHOA-bn), n. [L. Monosepstous
monosyUabtu of one syllable, Gr. uonxnJA-
' " See Mono-, Syllable.] A word of <
I'o-flyMalKlo (-sTl-lIbnTk), a.
Aa^(K.
Flowsr.
) syllable.
fim, rac«ttt, 6rb, nide, fyll, tim, food, fdbt, out, oil, obair, go, sin^f iQk, Chen, fiiti>-
MONOTHEISM
368
t (mBd'ft^ibt-Ts*!!!), n. [Jiforuh + Or.
#e^god.] DoctriM thmt th«re U but one Qod.
Moa'O-tOlMC-tifo),!!. [See MoH<yroHOira.] LAdngle
unvaried tone or aouiid. 2. Utterance of •uooenlYe qrl-
Ubles, words, or aoitenoes, on one uuTaried key.
MO-aofO-noos (mft-nSt^nfis), a. [Or. ftortrovos;
luivot -(- t6v9% Ume.] Uttered in one unvarying tone ;
continued with dull uniformity ; wearisome. — Mo-HOt'-
O-Bovs-Iy, adv. —Mo-DOt'o-ny (-nj^), i*.
ii Mon'O-tnoi'a-ta (m0n/^tr«ni'4.U), n. pi. [NL., fr.
Or. fA6vo9 single + rfnyia hole.] A subciasB of Mam-
malia having bat one opMiing for ezcretioiis. The female
la^eggs.
Moi'O-tvaaM (-tiCm), ft. Cue of the Moootiemata.
Mo-mnld* (m^nSks^d or 4d), n. IMon- -\- oxide.}
An oxide containing one atom of oxygen in each molecule.
0 MoB'M^pMOr' {F. mdw'st'nySrO, n./ pL Mtt-
moNKUKs ( fTmi'sfnySrO. C^** tr. m<m my + teignewr
lord, L. tenicr older.] My lord; — a French title of a
person of high birth or rank. (Abbrev. Mgr.)
RMon-slMUr' (mft^ySO* «* / pi- Mnsmms (mt'syS^).
[F., fr. man my + «iftir, abbr. of Beignetir.l Common
title of civility in France ; Mr. or Sir. [Abbr. M. or Mom.
in singular. MM. or Messrs. in pl.1
R Moa'B-gao^ (mdn'st-nyft'rl), n. ; pi. MoMsioiroBi
i'tt). [It.] My lord ; — a dignity entitling the bearer to
rank at the papal court. (Abbrev. Mgr.)
MoOBOOn^ (m0n-sS5n0« n. [MaUy m&fim.] A peri-
odical wind, eap. in the Indian Ocesn.
MOB'fttOTCmWstSr),!!. IL. monstrum.] Something
of unnatural size, sIu^M), or quality ; a prodigy ; enormity.
Mon-StrOBl-ty (-strBanr-tj^), n. A monstrous being,
or one out of the conumm oraer of nature ; a monster.
Moo'itltnUi (-strtts), a. 1. like a monster ; abnormaL
S. Extraonlinary in a way to excite wonder, dislike, etc. ;
hateful; dreadful. — ocTv. Exceedingly; very; very
much. — MoB'ltroiUhlT, adv.
n Moot (m8N), n. [F. See Momrr, ».] Mountain.
Month (mCinth), i*. [AS. in9n9 ; akin to mOna moon.]
One of the twelve divisions of the year.
MoBtllly, a. 1. Continued a xaonth. or performed
in a month. 2. Done, happening, payable, published,
etc., once a month.— ». A publioiaon Iwwd once a
month. — adv. Once a month ; in evorv month.
Mon'O-nmit (mSn^-ment), n. [F., fr. L. fmmu-
m«fi/iii»hfr.itMm«re to admonish.] 1. Something stand-
ing, in remembrance of what is past. 2. A building, pillar,
■tone, etc., erected in remembrance of a person, eventi
etc. — MoB'v-man'tal, a. — Moa'«-«MilaRF, ocfv.
8tii.— Memorial ; remembrance : tomb ; cenotwah.
Moo (m5&), V. L [Imitative.] TO make the noise of
a cow ; — a child's word. — n. The lowing of a cow.
Mood (m6M), n, [Same word as mode, perh. influ-
enced by ffMNNi temper.] 1. Manner ; style ; mode ; log-
ical form ; musical style ; manner of action or being.
2. In grammar, manner of conceiving and expressing ac-
tion or being. Same as Moi».
[AS. mod mind, feeling, heart, courage ;
'ky mui. courage.] Temper of mii *
, ,,).«• CaS. mddtj^ courageous.]
to varying; moods. 2. Out of hiunor| peevish ; abstracted
akin to O. m«/A, mutj courage.] Temp^ of mind ; humor!
dtoi ' - - - ■
MORDACIOUS
(mSbr), n. [L. Maums Moor, inhabitant of Mm-
ritania.] 1. One of a mixed race of Morocco, Algeria,
Tunis, and TripoU. 2. A Mohammedan. — Moor'iih, a.
Moor, n. [AS. n^hr ; akin to E. mere Iske.] A waste
covered with patches of heath. — MoOTllll, a.
Moor, r. /. [D. marren.} 1. To fix (a vessel) in apartio-
uUr place by casting anchor, or by fastening with cables.
2. To fix firmly.— «. i. To cast anchor ; to become fsst.
lioor'OCO (-ij : 2), n. A place for moorii«.
Mooring, n. 1. A coo&iing a ship by anchors or
fastenings. 2. Implement (anchor, cable, etc. ) ooafining
a ship. 3. pi. PhuM or condition of a moored ship.
MoortanA (-IXnd), n. Land consisting of moors.
Moor'F (mSdr']^), a. Marshy ; boggy ; moorish.
MOOOO (wSds), n. [N. Amer. Indian name.] A large
cervine mammal of the Northern United States and Can-
ada, resembling the elk.
Moot (mSot), r. I. [AS. mWan to meet for eonwrsa-
ticm, to discuss, f r. tnltf , gevM^ a meeting, asaemUy ; aktn
toE.ine0/.] 1. To argue for and against; to debate. 2.
Toargue for practice ; to propound and discuss in amork
court.— v.t To argue or plead in a supposed case.— n.
1. A meeting for discussion and deliberanon. 2. Debate.
— /r. Subject to discussion ; undecided ; debatable.
Moot ease or point, a question to be mooted ; dlspntabie
case. — MSot eoart, a mock court, for practicing tlw con-
duct of law c
■Eood^ i-S), a. TaS. mddt^ courageous.] 1. Subject j Mo-nUM'
and pensive. — Moodl-lTt
Ayn. — Olooray ; pennve ; sad ; fretful ; capricious.
,o<fv.— Moodl-
Hjn.— Gloomy; pensive: sad; fretful;
Moon (mS&n), n. [AS. mUna ; skin to L. mensis numth.
Or. fi^yn moon, ^i}r month.] 1. SateDite revolving rouna
the earth, or about certain planets. 2. Time occupied by
one revolution of the moon in her orbit : a month.
Jl'(-b8m').». A ray of light from the moon.
n1ia;llt' (-lit/), n. The light of the moon. —a.
Occurring by moonlight ; characterised by moonlight.
MoOB'llllllO' (-shin'), n. 1. The light of the moon.
2. Show without substance or reality.
MoooltmOk' C-strfikO, MoOB'gtilOk'on (-stiYk'*n),
a. Affected by the moon ; lunatic.
Mop(uiBp), n. [SeeMon.] A made-op face ; grimace.
-*r. f. To make a wry mouth.
Mop, n. [W. ; or OF. mappe napkin (see Mat, Maf-
kin). J A swab, or implement for waahing floors, etc. —
r. I. To wipe with a mop.
MoplMord' (-bSrdO. n. Skirting board ; basebosrd.
MOPO (m5p), r. i. [Cf. D. moppen to poot.] To be
dull and stupid. — n. A dull, spiritless person. — Mop'*
Isk (mQpash), a. — Mopll^noiS, i*.
Mo-nuno'(md-rinOt n. [F. ; It. nwra heap of stones.]
Accumulation of earth and stones depodted by a glacier.
Mortal (mSr'al), a. [F.^fr. L. moraUe^ fr. mo«, mo-
ris, custom, conduct.] 1. Pert, to duty or obligation,
right and wrong, etc 2. Yirtnons ; jost. 3. Sopported
by reason or probability ; — opp. to legal or dePumeinMe.
4. Servingtoteacbamoral. — a. 1. Manner of ttving as
r^fards right snd wrong ; conduct ; behavior ; — vamOj
in pi. 2. Inner significance of a fable, etc. ; maxiiib
n Mo^ndO' (m«'rU'), ». [F.] Moral condition, aa to
le^ spirit, hope, etc. ; mental state, as of an army, etc
Moral-lst (mOKol-Tst), n. 1. One who mnralJaes ;
one who teaohba the duties of life 2. One who prafCtioes
moral duties ; one of correct deportment and dealinga
Mo-rall-tF (m6-rnnr-ty), ft. [L. m&roHtttsJ} 1. Con-
formity or nonconformity to moral rule. 2. Duties of msn
in their social character ; ethics. 3. Rectitude of Ufe ; virw
tue. 4. An ancient allegorical play, having actors repre-
senting such characters as Charity, Death, Yioe, etc
MoiPOl-iae (m5r'al-iz), v. t. A i. To apply to a moral
purpose ; to make moral reflections. — MOT'Al-l'Icr, ».
MOr'al-ly, odr. l. in a moral or etliical sen«e. 2.
Virtuously. 3. According to reason and probabilitj.
Mo-nUM' (m6-r&/), n. [F. marau.] A tract of soft,
wet ground ; marsh ; fen.
Mo-ra^rl-an (-r£'vT-an), n. One of a sect {United
Brethren) organised in Moravia, in the IGtb oentniy. —a.
Pert, to Moravia or MoraviMis.
MoiOlia (n)dra>Td), a. Uj. morMdtu, fr. morbus di».
ease.] Not sound. — MorOM-ly, oefv.— MorHMi-Bon. a.
Syn. — Morbid; Ddkasbd: sickly: sick. — itorftwf is
sometimes used interchangeably with diseased, bat is cooh
monly applied to cases of a pnuonged nature.
Mor-bino (-btfTk), la. Caosincdlaeaseorasickly
Mor-lilfkHd (T-kol), J sute.
Mor-bOSO' (-bOsO. a. \Ij. mnrbosnt.} Morbid.
II Moroean' (roSr'sSOt »• [F-l ^ ^^ « morsel.
Mor-dA'ClOVB (-di'shfis).
mordaz, -dacis^ fr.
S, 9, 1, 5.11, long ; ft, fi, I, 5,a. t. «hort; ssnftte. Avent, tdea, fthey. ftnite.nAr«i. lirm, Ask.||n.flnaL
MOBDACIOUSLY
369
MOSLEM
wtmdert^ wwrtum^ to bit*.] Bltinff; MroMkie. — Hor-
dA'€lau4y, cufr.-Mar-daoO-ty (-db^-ty), n.
MOf'OABt (inOr'dant)t a. [F., p. pr. of mordrt to bite,
L. mordereA 1. Biting ; ofttiatio ; saroMtic ; keen ; MTere.
JL Serring to fix colon, in dyeing, etc.— m. 1. A oor-
rodinf eubetanceuaedinetohinff. 2. Any subetenoe whioli
flxea or Mm in dyee for cloth, etc. 3. Sticky matter
CMuiBg gold leaf toadJkere in gilding. —e. I. To mibject
to the acti<»i of, or imbue with, a mordant.
■I, Vt UUVUV Wllril, » UIVrUMUlM
mtHti^ (n>9rV, a., eompar. [PoHtive wanHng: meri,
Hon (mOBt). J [AS. tnira ; akin to 0. meAr, and perb. to
L. magit^ aaY., more.l 1. Oreater ; iucreaeed. 2. Addl-
1; other.— n. X. A greater quaotitv, amount, or
wr. JL Additional amount.— a<f«. 1. In a greater
number.
quantity; in or to a greater extent or degree. 'S. In
addition; further; beeides; again.
Mo^nmk'{.mt'Tlaf),n, [Cf. Mohaib.] A thiok woolen
fabric, need in uphoUtery, for curtains, etc
WUn-^Yn (mSr-S^TSry. adv. [Jfore + or«r.] Be-
yond what haa been eaid t in addition ; alao ; likewise.
Hyn. — Bnnms ; MoMMorwM. — Moreover is used in
solemn discourse, or for emphasis. See Bssion.
MMMQM' (m^rlak'), a. [F., fr. It. fnoresoo Moor-
ish.1 Pert, to, or in the style
of, the Moors; Moorish. — n.
The Moresque style of archi>
tecture or decoration. [Writ-
ten also mavresqus,}
Mo^ga-lUttlo (mOr'gA-
nJtt/Tk), a. [LL. matrimO'
nium ad morgaHaticam, fr.
marganaHea a morning gift,
dowry paid on the morniug
before or after the marriage, »#«^„„. Ar^K..«
fr. OHG. mitrgan morning, in Mor««iue Archw.y.
morgtmgelxi morning gift.] Pert, to a marriage, called
also left-handed marriage^ between a man of superior
rank and a woman of ii^erior, in which neither the
Utter nor her children enjoy the xank or inherit the
possesiloos of the husband.
MOTflM ( mOrg), n, [F. ] A place for exposing bodies
of persons found dead, that they may be identified,
mm^-\maA (mSr^-bOnd), a. {h. moribundui, fr.
wtoriri to die.] In a dying state ; at the point of death.
MorfDMQ (inOr'mliu), n. One of a sect in the Uuited.
States who beliere in polygamy. — a. Pert, to the
Mormons. — Mor'lllOll-Ulll (-Ts*m), n.
■am (mdm), A. [AS. morgen ; akin to O. fnorgen."]
First part of the day ; morning ; — used ohielly in poetiy.
MOffB'lllf (mOrnlng), n. [SeeMoEir.l 1. Tlieearlv
part of the dsy, or time near sunrise ; time from mid>
night to noon, from rising to noon, etc. 2. The early
pMt. —a. Pertaining to the early part of the day.
Mom'lllC-fflO'ry (-glO'rf ), %, A climbing pknt ha?-
inghandsome funnel-ehaped flowers.
Mo-roo'OO (m^rOknift), n. [Name of a country in
Northern Africa.] A fine leather, prepared commonly
from goatskin, tanned with sumac.
Mo-nMf (-rOy), a. [L. marasus excessively addicted
to any habit, fr. mos^ merits habit.] Of sour temper ;
ill-humored. ~llo-roiM^]r, adv. — MO-roso'lltM, n.
Brn* — Sullen ; gruff ; severe ; austere : gloomy ;
crabbed ; crusty ; churlish ; surly ; ill-humored.
WtafthU, (mdr/n-4), [NL.], ■or'plliBe (-an or .fSn),
n. [F. ; fr. Or. Mm^vv god of dreams.] A bitter white
crystalline alkaloid foimd in opium, possessing strong
narcotic propertiM, and naed as an ^nodyue.
U Mor-pllO'lli (mSr-fS'^T^). n. [NL., fr. Or. .
fr. /ftopi^irform.] DeT«>l'>pment of an onran or part.
Mor^W (-rO), fi. [AS. morgen. See Mob>.1 1. The
day snbe^nent to any day specified or understood.
JL The day following tiie present ; to-morrow.
"" — 1 (mOrs), n. [F. ; Rnss. tnorf."} The walrus.
", (mdr^sSl). n. [OF. ; LL. morf^'hu^ dim. fr.
L. mortut bite, fr. wu>rdere to bita.1 1. A Uttte bite or
bit of food. S. A small quantity ; little nleee ; fragment.
Morlal (mOr'tal), a. [L. ntortaiUt fr. m^rt^ mortiSf
death, fr. moriH to die : akin to B. mwrdsr,^ 1. Subject
to death. S. Destructive to life; deadly. %. FatiOly
vulnerable; vital. 4. Deathly. 6. Human. 6. Veiy
tedious. [CoUoq.} — n. Oue subject to death | a human
behig; man.^aor'tal-ly. riifr.
Mor-tldl4F(mOr.tIia.ty),n. [L.mortaia«.1 l.Th«
being mortal ; subjection to deatli. JL Human life* 2.
That which is mortal ; humanity ; human nature. 4.
Death ; destruction. 6. Whole number of deaths in a
given time or siven community ; death rate.
M<Hraar(-t«r),ii. [AS. mor^^rv, L. mertorliMii.] 1.A
strong vessel, in which subfttanoes are pounded. 2. [P.
mortier, fr. L. mortarium.] Short piece of ordnance,
for throwing bombe, etc., at high angles of elevation.
Mortait fi. [F. morUer, L. tnortai-ium hurge trough in
which mortar Is made.] A build inn material made by mix«
ing lime, cement, or plaster of Paris, with sand, water,
etc. ; — used in masonry for joining stonee, bricks, ete., for
plastering, etc. — e. t. To plaster or fasten with mortar.
Mort'gagO (mOr'gtj; 2), i*. [F. tnart-gagt; mort
dead (L. mortuus) -f gage pledge.] Conveyanoe of
property, as security for payment of a debt, etc., to
become void upon payment or performance. — e. f. X»
To convey (property), upon condition that the convey,
ance shall be void when the obligation is fulfilled. 2. To
pledge. -. Mort'n-f«r (-gt-jir), n. [is given. I
MOft'ga-gOO' (-gt-jS'), n. Oue to whom a mortgam|
MOfrgafe-or j (iu6r'gt-j8r or mOr^gt-jdrO* n. One
■ort'n-ffOr l who gives a mortgage.
Hor'tr-fl-Sft'tfon (mdr/tT-n-kTslittn), n. [F.] 1. A
mortifying, or being mortified : {a) Death of one part of
an animal body, while the rest continues to live { gan-
grene. (6) Subjection of passions and appetites, by pen*
anoe, abstinence, etc. (c) Deprivation of selfwipproval ;
humiliation. 2. Csuse of humiliation or vexation.
Syn. — Chsgrln : vexation ; shame. See Obaoiuv.
IIor'tl-fF(-fl)««'./. [F.inor/<^,fr.L.mor<(/foare;L.
mort^ mortis^ death -f- '/leare (in comp. ) to make.1 1. TO
destroy the organic texture and vital functions of; to pro-
duce gangrene in. 2. To deaden (carnal affections, bodily
appeUtes, or worldly desires) by religious or other disci-
pline ; to abase ; to numble. 3. To humble ; to depress.
•mv.i. 1. To gangrene. 2. To practice penanoe.
■or'tiM (-tfs), n. [F. mortaUe; cf. Ar. nmrtoMM
fixed, or W. mortaU."] A cavity cut into a
timber, etc., to receive something made to fit
it, and called a tenon. ^ v. t. 1. To make a
mortise in. 2. To join or fasten by a tenon
and mortise.
■ortlliaSlI' (mfirfmlnOt n. [F. mart,
mortCt dead -f- main hand.] Possession of /^^li
lands or tenements In, or conveyance to, /^^//
dead hands, or hands thnt cannot alienate. wKUm/
■or^-A-ry (mdr^ttt-t-ry ; 40), n. [LL. .MortiM and
mortuarium^ n., fr. L. mortuus dead.] L A Tenon.
Srift to the minister of a parish on the death of a parlah-
oner. 2. A burial place ; deadhouse ; morgue. — a.
Pertaining to thn dead.
II ■O'nis (myrOsV n. [L.]
species of which produce edible 1
■(HMlQ (ro^xSnrk). n.
ovioc beloniring to the M>u ^
made by inlayiiig in patterns am- 11 pieces of variously
colored glass, stone, etc 2. A dMimi made in moeaie ;
article decorated in rooeaic. «»<r. Pertaining to the style
of work called mosaic ; teaaeUated.
Mo-Mtc a. Pert, to Moses, leader of the lenelites.
Mosk (mSak), n. Mosque.
MoufUm (mBsISm), n. : pi. MotLiiB (-ISms), or eol'
leetivdy Moslrm. [Ar. mu4tim a true believer in the Mo-
i"»ram*<1«n ** ith. Cf. Islam. Mtskitliiav.] A Mnssul-
'. mtntosf
V
A ffenus of trees, some
it ; mulberry.
»fruj
[F. moM^iique ; fr. Qt. Metf-
e. J 1. A Hurface decoration
fSm, raoOTit, 6rb, ryde, f yll, An, food, fcHH, out, oil, clialr, so, sins, i^k, then, thin.
24
MOSQUE
370
MOURNING
roan ; orthodox Mohammedan. — a. Pert to the Hoham-
roedana ; Mohammedan. [Written also mtuiim.j
^ ■OMIM (mOek), n. [F. motquie, Ar. ma^idy fr. m-
jada to bend, adore.] A Mohammedan place of worship.
MosSPI^tO (m5a-k8^), fi. [Sp. ; fr. mown fly, L
•HMoa.] A gnat,
the female of
which has a pro-
boadfl for pmic-
toring the akin
ot man and ani-
mals to rack the
blood. Thelanrae
and pupflB, oaUed
wiggten.nn
aquatic [writ-
ten also mvMuito.l
Mom (mSe), n. TAS.
me6$^ L. mu$euaA 1. A.<^^^-^=,
oryptogamous plaift of eel- 4__^^;
lular structure, growing on
the earth, rocks, trunks of
trees, etc., and a few spe- MoMiuito. A Podtion when
dee in running water. 2. A sUicntinK. A Side Tiewof IImuI,
boff : moraas : nlaoe contain- inuch enlarged i a Antenna ;
In? n!^±^l iT^^«r-» « Eye « 6 Labrnm j c Mondi-
^ P^^' ,1..^° ^°^^ We.: H Mnxillo; / Labium i
or OTergrow with moss. — p Labial Palpu*.
MOUTW, a. — Mom'^lM■s, n.
MOK (mSst). a., «tip«r/. of Moss. [AB. mm*t.'\ 1.
Greater in number or quantity than all the rest ; nearly
all. S. Greatest in degree.— n. 1. The greatest ralue,
number, or part ; chief part. 2. The utmost ; greatest
possible amount or result. — adv. In the highest degree.
Mostly, adv. For the greatest part ; chiefly.
|(mft),n. [F.] 1. A pithy or witty saying; a wit-
u 2. (m5t) A note on a bugle.
■ot« (mOt). n. [AS. mot.^ Small particle ; speck.
■Otll (mdth), n. ; jA. Moths (m5ths). [AS. mo8Se.'\
1. A lepidopterous insect, not included among butter-
flies. 2. An insect that feeds upon garmento, grain,
woolen and fur goods, etc, esp. the uutsb of certain
beetles. 8. Anything which gradually eats, consumes,
or wastes any other thing.
HMlf-Mf (mOth'StOt v. t. To eat or prey upon.
[Rarely used except in the form moth-eaten^ p. p. or a.]
■otll'tr (mfitfa'er), n. [AS. mddor ; akin to L tnater.
Or. fuHviifi''] !• ^ female parent. 2. Souroe of birth or
origin. 3. Female superior of a religious house, as an
abbess, etc —a. Beceived by birth or from ancestors ;
natire ; natural ; producing others.
eeo, a cell giTing rise, by endogenous diTlsion,
to other cells (daughter cells). — Mothsr tmicas. (a) A lan-
guage from which another language had origin. (6) One^s
natfre tongue. — Mother wit, lutire wit ; comnum sense.
■otll'tr, n. [Akin to O. moder mold, E. mud.']
Film on fermented alcoholic liquids, such as vinegar,
wine, «»tc. ^v. i. To become like, or full of, mother.
■otll'tr-llOOd (-h06d), n. State of behig a mother ;
character or ofBce of a mother. [bsjid or wife. I
Moth'tr-ln-lAW (-Tn-lftOt *>• Mother of one's hus-|
Moth'tr-ltM, a. Destitute of a mother.
■oth'ar-ly, a. [AS. fnddorlic.'\ Pert, to a mother ;
tender ; maternal, -^/rrfr. In the manner of a mother.
Ryu. — MoTHSBLT ; Matkbkal : parental. — Motherly.
being Anglo-Saxon, is the more familiar word. Maternal
is confined to the feelings of a mother toward her own
children, whereas motherly has a secondary sense, denot-
inga care like that of a mother for her offspring.
MOUlftr-Ql-pMXl' (-5v-p8rl0f n. The pearly internal
layer of pearl oysters, river mnsseK etc. ; nacre.
■lOtll^ (mSth'^), a. Infested with moths.
■otton (-shfinj, n. [F., fr. L. mo/to, fr. mo^pert^ mo-
tumy to move.] 1. A changing place or position : move-
ment ; — opp. to rest. 2. Power of motion. 3. Cour^ •
tendency. 4. Movement of the mind or passionn ; inter-
nal activity. 6. A suggeetfon looking to action ; a fotmal
proposal in a delibenmve assembly. 6. An oral applica-
tion made to a court or Judge, to obtain an order direct-
iug some act to be done.— «.(.«&<. To indicate by motion.
STn. —See Movumr.
mi/fMm\m^ a. without motion ; being at rest.
Mo^¥« (mytlv), n. [F. moiif, LL. motitmm, fr. L.
movere, motum.'] That which incites to actioo ; caase ;
reason. — a. Causing motion.
Syn. — MonvB; urDucsMSMT; Rsasob; incentive:
stimulus ; cauae. — Motire is the word ordinarily naed in
speaking of that which det«>rmines chotec We call ft an
inducement when it is attractive in its nature ; a muow
when addressed to the intellect in the form of argnmeot.
Motive powsr, a natural agent, as water, steaBA, wbid,
electricity, etc, nsed to move machinery ; a motor.
Mo4tTl-ty (m^Tva-ty), n. Power of moving.
Monty (mOtlj^), a. rOF. matteU clotted, curdled.]
1. Variegated in color. 2. Discordantly oompoaitc — a.
Drees of a professional f ook
MoliOr(myt8r),fi. [L.,fr.Mov0re,«MfiMi»,tomov».]
1. One that impaits motion; souroe of mechanical power.
2. A prime mover; machine by which a aonroe of power
(steam, water, electricity, etc.) does mechanical work.
■olor, Molo^ (-t6-rj^), ■o^o'kl-al (-ts^T-oi), «.
Causing motion; pert, to organs of motion, equ to
nerves which convey impressions from a nerve ooiter to
muscles, thereby causing motion.
MofU* (mSt^U), r. /. [SeeMtyruT.] Tb mark with
different shades of color ; to spot.
■ol^ (-ti), n. [It.] A phrase or word, prefixed to
a chapter, canto, etc., suggesting its subject ; maxim.
■oold (mSld), Hoilld^tr, etc Mold, molder, etc
Monlt (mnt), r. & n. Molt.
Hound (mound), n. [AS. mmnd protection, hand.]
An artificial hill ; embankment ; rampart ; hillock ; knoU.
— r. t. To fortify with a mound.
■oant (mount), n. [AS. imm/, fr. L. mons, moiiM*.]
A mountain ; high hill.— v. i. 1. To rise on high; to
tower aloft ; to sscend. 2. To get up on anything, esp.
on a horse for riding. 3. To attain in value ; to amount.
^v. t. 1. To get upon; to climb. 2. To place one*s
self on (a horse or other animal) ; to bestride. 3. To pot
on horseback ; to furnish with animals for riding. 4. To
pat upon anything that sustains and fits for nae, as a gun
on a carriage, a map or picture on doth or paper ; to
prepare for being used. 6. To raise aloft.— ». That
upon which anything is mounted.
Moonlalll (moun'tTn), n. [F. montoyne, LL. moa-
taniOy fr. L mouM^ monfif.] 1. A large mass of earth
and rock, rising above the adjacent land; eminence
higher than a hill ; mount. 2. f>/. A range, chain, or
group of such elevations, —a. 1. Pert, to mountains :
growing, living on, or peculiar to, moontains; among
mountains. 2. Like a mountain ; vast ; very great.
Bfonn^Hfn oor* (•ir'), n. [of. montanier^ LL. moa-
tomiritM.] Inhabitant of mountains. — r. i. To live or
act as a monntaineer ; to climb mountains.
MoOBtalll-OIIB, a. 1. ^U of mountaUia. 2. Huge.
Moonf e-lMllk (moontl-bifik). n. [It. momHmhanco ;
moniare to mount -{- in upon -f- banco bench.] 1. One
who publicly mounts a bench or stage, boasts of his skiD
in curing diseases, and vends his remedies ; a quack doc-
tor. 2. A boastful pretender ; charlatan ; quack.
MoUBflBC, n. 1. Act of one that motmta. 2. That
which fits anything for use, or sets it off to advantage.
Mourn (mom), r. i. & t. [AS. wntrmm.] To grieve ;
to lament ; to deplore ; to bewaiL — Movni'ir« n,
Srn. — See DiPLOSB.
Moamtlll (-f^l). a. Full of sorrow ; sad ;
— Monmliil-ly, adv. — Moumtal-iieMi, n.
Srn. — Sorrowful J doleful ; heavy ; calamiUMU.
MoariltllC, a. 1. Grieving; sorrowing; lamenting.
2. EmployecT to express grief. — ». 1. A i
lamentation. 2. Garb indicative of grief.
K, 8, 1, 9, a, long i &, d, I, tt, «; j^, short ; aenlUe, «vent, tdea, 6bey. ttnlta, e4ie, Km, Aak, §0, fln«L
MOUSE
871
MUEZZIN
I (moM), n.; pi. Mm (mb). [AS. mO^, pi.
wngt; aUn to O. maiu, 8w. JSt L. mus, Or. ^vc.] 1. A
•mall rodent of varimui genera,
found in nearly all coontriea.
2. Knob on a rope to prevent
■lipping. 3. Dark lump caoaed
l^ a blow. ISlang"]
Moose (mous), V. i. 1. To
watch for and catch mice. _
S. Tb watch for anything slUy ; Whlte-footed Moum (Wm.
to pry about. -MOOi'Srrn. peromyM Uucopun).
maOM9luAi^ (moua^QlO* n. A hole made by a mouae.
for naaaage or abode ; very small hole.
iHoOMnilM' (mS&taInO, n. Jf.]
llonrtaplM' (mS^tAdkO, n. [F.] Mustache.
' (mCStainO, «. JF.] Mudln.
mSWtUhn^n. [P.] Mustache
Moath (mouth), n.; p/. Mouths (mouthz). [AS.
mfl^.] 1. Opening through which an animal receives
food ; aperture between the Jaws or lips ; cavity, con-
taining the tongue and teeth, between lips and pharjmx.
2. Openinff affording entrance or exit ; orifice ; aperture ;
opening of a Jar, cave, pit, gun, etc., or one through
which waters of a stream flow. 3. Wry face ; grimace.
Month (moutii), V. t. 1. To take into the mouth ; to
devour. S. To utter with a voice affectedlv big. 3. To
Uck, as a bear her cub. — r. i. 1. To speak with a full,
affected voice ; to rant. 2. To make grimaces.
MoiMMol (mooth'fyl), n.; pi, Moothfuls (-f^ls).
1. As much as the mouth holds at once. 2. A little.
MOQtl&'lpleoo' ('pSs'), n, X. Part of a musical or other
instrument fitted to the mouth. 2. Appendage to an
opening of a vessel, to direct the flow of a fluid. 3. One
who drivers the ofrfnion of others ; a spokesman.
MOf'ft-lllO (mSSv'A-bn), a, [OF.] 1. Capable of be-
ing moved ; not fixed or stationary. 2. Chainging from
one time to another. «»n. I^ece of property not fixed,
or not a part of real estate ; \npl.^ goods ; wares ; f urnt-
tare. — MOT'A-lllO-IMHI, n. — MOT'A-Uy, adv.
MOVO (mSBv), V. t. [OF. moveir^ L. movere.'\ 1. To
canse to change olace or posture ; to set in motion ; to
impel ; to stir. 2. To transfer (a piece in a game) from
one position to another. 3. To excite to action ; to in-
floenoe. 4. To exdto to tenderness or compassion. 6.
To recommend; to propose formally in a deliberative
aasembly ; to submit (a resolution to be adopted).
Syn. — To stir ; trouble ; persuade : actuate ; rouse ;
prompt ; induce ; incline ; propose ; offer.
— r. i. 1. Tb change place or posture ; to stir. 2. To
begin to act. 3. To remove (from one house, town, or
skate, to another). 4. To change the place of a piece in
the game of ch«BS, checkers, eto. — n. 1. A moving;
movement. 2. A moving a i^ece in a game. 3. An act
for the attainment of an object.
Movo'taOllt, n. 1. A moving ; natural or i4>propriato
motion; progress. 2. Emotion. 3. Manner of moving.
4. (a) Rhythmical progression of a musical piece, {b)
One of the several stnuns, each complete hi Itself. 6.
Mechaaism for transmitting or transforming motion.
Syn. — Movsimrr ; Motion. — Motion expresses the
idea of not behig at rest ; movemenit a definite, regulated
motion, esp. a progress.
MOf'or, n. 1. One that moves or changes place.
2. One that imparts motion ; a motor. 3. One that in-
stigatea or oanaes movement, change, ete. 4. A proposer;
one who offers a proposition for consideration or adoption.
MOTinf I a. 1. Changing place or posture ; causing
action. 2. Exciting the sympathies or affections ; touch-
ing ; pathetic. -• n. A changing place or posture ; a
changing one*s dwelling or plMe of business.
Mow (moo), n, [Written also moe and mmrf .] [F.
moue pootfaw. J A wry face. -* v. i. To make mouths.
Mow Cdmi. v. L [AS. matran.] 1. To cut down
(grass). 2. lx> cot grass from. 3. To cause to fall in
rows or masses, as in mowing grass ; '— with down. —
*.<> To ool grMSi flOt
Mow (mou), «. [AS. mUga."] 1. A heap of bay or
sheaves of grain stowed in a bam. 2- Place where bay
or grain in the sheaf is stowed, —v. t. To lay (hay or
sheaves of grain) in a bam ; to pile and stow away.
Mow'Or (m9^r),n. One that mows; a mowing machine.
Mowtngv n. Act or operation of one that mows.
Kowlag machlBs, an agricultural machine having knhret
or blades for cutting standing grass, etc
Mown (m5n), p. p. & a. Cut down by mowing ; de-
prived of grass by mowing.
Hox'A (mfiks'i), n. [Cormp. of Japan, mogtua (pron.
mongsa)^ an escharotic made from the plant yomogi,}
A soft woolly mass prepared from leaves of a plan^
burnt on the. skin to produce an ulcer.
Mr. (roTs'tSr). Abbr. of Muter in writing and printing.
Mrs. (mTs'sis). Abbr. of MUtreu when used m a
title of oourtesv. in writbig and printing.
MqoIi (roiich), a. ICoTnpar. & superl, supplied by
Moai (mSr), and Most (m&t), fr. another root.] [AS.
micel, mycet.l Oreat in quantity ; long in duration. — n.
I 1. A great quantity ; groat deal. 2. A thing uncom-
mon or noticeable ; something considerable. — adv. To
a gr«at degree or extent ; greativ ; far ; nearly.
Mn'dd (mu'sTd),a. [L. fnueidus,iT, muciM.] Muity;
moldy; slimy; mucoua.
Mn'ot-UfO (-sT-ltj ; 2), n. [F., fr. L. muctiaao musty
juice, fr. iNuctw.] 1. Oummv substance produced by
action of water on the cell wall of seeds of quinces, flax,
ete. 2. An adhesive sohttion of gum.
Hn'ol-Uigl-noiUI (-Ujl-n&s), a. 1. Of the nature of
mucilage ; moist, soft, and viscid ; slimy ; ropy. 2. Of,
pert. to. or secreting, mucilage. 3. Soluble in water,
but not in alcohol. — MQ'ol-Ugl-llOIUI-nooo, n.
Mook (mOk), n. [IceL muki.] 1. Dung In a moist
state ; manure. 2. Vegetable mold mixed with earth
found in damp places and swamps. 3. Anything fUthv.
— a. Like muck ; rauckv. — v. t. To manure with muck.
— Mook'y, a. — Mnokl-iioM, n.
Hnc^'wonil' (-wfirmOt n. 1. A larva or gmb that
lives in muck or manure. 2. A miser.
Hn'oold (muHioid), a. Resembling mucus.
Mll'C0a8(-kQs),a. [L. muoona, fr. mucta.] Llike,
or pert, to, mucus. 2. Secreting a slimy sub^ance.
n Mn'oro (-kri), n. [L.] A minute abrapt point, as
of a leaf ; sharp point terminating
a larger part or organ.— Mn'OTO-
nato, Mn'oro-na'tod, n.
Mn'CQ-lont (-kfi-Ient), a. [L.
mucuientWf fr. m»cu4.\ Slimy ;
moist, and moderately viscous.
Hn'OOS (-kOs), n. [L. ; cf. Or.
ftv^eu] 1. A viscid fluid secreted
by mucous membranes, which it
moistens ^nd protects, and cover-
ing the lining membranes of all
cavities which open externally, as
those of the mouth, nose, lungs,
ete. 2. Oelatinous substance in certain planta.
Hud (mtid), n. [Akin to LG. mudde^ D. modder.
Cf. Motrbr, scum on liquors.] Earth and water mixed
BO as to be soft and adhesive. — r. ^ To make muddy.
Mud'di-ly (-dT-lj^), adv. Turbidly ; confusedly.
Mud'di-IIOM, n. 1. The behig muddy ; foulness. 2.
Obscurity in treating a subject ; intellectiul dullness.
Hud'dlO (-dn), V. t. 1. To stupefy ; to intoxicate par-
tially. 2. To mix confusedly ; to make a mess of ; to mys-
tify.» t\ L To think and act in a confused, aimless way.
— ft . Confused state ; intellectual cloudiness or dullness.
Mnd'dy, a. 1. Abounding in mud ; besmeared. 2.
Cloudy in mind ; incoherent; vague, ^v.t. 1. To soil
with mud ; to dirtv. 2. To cloud ; to make dull or heavy.
Hnd'olll' (-sTlO, n. Lowest sill of a structure.
Hn-OI'Slll (roQ-9x'xTn), n. [Ar.] A Mohammedan
crier of the hour of prayer.
Mncronste LoUleto of
PfUma rmtcroHtOa^B
kind of fern.
m%t IMMI, •!%, f||«f, f^Uf Unt MMi MMi wm^ oU, olulr, co, ■!&«, iQk, «ti«, iWa.
MUPP
372
MUNICIPALnT
^ (mttf), M. [Cf. O. & Sw. muff.] 1. ▲ oorw to
■hield (the hAnda, a ateMnpipe, etc. ) from ookL 2. [Perh.
dinerent word ; cl. Pror. E. nu^ffle to ateinmer. ] A stupid
feUow. iCoUo^.1 4. A faUure to hold a baU when ooce
in the hands. —V. /. To handle awkwardly ; to fumble.
■vniB (maf'nn), n. A light, spongy cake.
MvtUib (mfifTl), n. Bare end of an animal^s nose.
■vflto, V. /. [F. moufle mitten, LL. muffula. Bee
Murr.] 1. To wrap (face and neck) in diaguSiing folds ;
to envelop. JL To prevent seeing, hearing, or speaking,
by wraps about the head. 8. To wrap (a drum, oar, etc. )
with something that deadens its sound. » v. i. To speak
indistinctly, —n. 1. AnytUng with which an oar, drum,
etc, is muffled; a boxing glove ; muff. 2. Oven for baking
ore|Pottery, etc ~ MmlM, n. [Mohammedan law. I
Kliytl (mlif^T), n. TAr.] An official expounder of |
■oftltn. Gitixen^s drees worn by a naval or military
oiBoer in India. ICoUoq, Eng.}
Mum (mttg), n. [Ir. mugan mug, mucog cup.] 1.
Gup with a handle. 2. The face or mouth. ISlang}
■VC7 (mtts'gj^)* a- [Gf. loel. muoga mist.] 1.
MoUt i damp ; moldy. 2. Warm and cloee (weather, etc. ).
■tt-ham'kliad-aa (mn-hlm'mAd-an), \a, & n. Mo-
■n-ham'BMd-aa (-med-on), / hammedan.
I-Uno ^mft-llt't$), ». [Sp. Jk Pg. mulaio of mixed
[-med-on),
- t^), n, [Sp.
breed, fr. mulo mule, L. mulus,] The offspring of a ue-
gress by a white man, or of a white woman by a negro,
■vlOMT-ry (mWbJr-ry), n. [AS. murberie, L. mo-
I mulberry.] 1. Tree of the genus Mmrut, or ito fruit.
keep them moist.
Mnlot (mUkt),
— ». /. [L. mu/c.
2. Dark purple color of a black mulberry.
■vloh (mfilch), n. [Cf. Prov. 0. muUch rotten.]
Half -rotten straw, etc. strewn over roots of plants, to
keep them moist, —v. /. To drees with mulch.
Ikt), n. [L. muUta.'] A fine or penalty.
nulctare.'] To punidi by a fine
Syn. — Amercement: forfeit; forfeiture; penalty.
■nto (mui), n. [F. ; L. mula^ fern, of mulus. Cf . Mu-
latto.] 1. A hybrid ;esp.. an animal generated between
an astand a mare, very hardy, and proverbhilly stubborn.
2. A stubborn person. 3. A machine for spinning cotton,
wool, etc— called also>eany and mule-Jenny.
■nla-tMr' (mSat-tSr^), n. One who drives mulea.
Mvlllk (mulTsh), a. Like a mule ; stubborn.
■nil (mOl), n. A thin, soft kind of muslin.
■nlL V. /. To heat, sweeten, and spioe (wine).
■viaila(mainTn),HviaMl(-l«n),M. (AB.mclegn.'l
A tall herb having coarm leaves and spikes of flowers.
Mnll'or, n. [OE. mullen to pulverise.] A stone or
pestle, for grinding pigments, drugs, etc.
MollCt (-Ut), n. [F. mulet, L. mullus.} A food fish.
MvllUni(-yQn), n. rCorrup. of munnianf F. moignon
■tamp of an amputated limb.l (a) A bar
or pier dividing the lights of windows,
screens, etc (6) An uprisht member
of a framing. —V. /. To furnish with
mnlllons ; to divide by muUions.
Mvl-tan'gQ-lar (-Uo'gtt-iSr), a. [L.
multangulus; muUu* much, many +
anaulut angle.] Having many anglos.
ilvl'tlrfAli-01IS(-tT.fI'rT-tU),a. [L.
mult^fariu*.] Having diversity or va.
riety; manifold.— ■vl'tt-fa'ri-OIUi-ly,
adv. — Mnl'tf-falrl-oiui-nMii. n.
HalH-fld (.fTd), a. [L. muUifldw ;
muUw -f findere to split.] Having
many segments ; cleft into several parts
by linear sinuses.
■nl^fom (-fOrm), a. [L. multiformU; muliu* -f
forma sI^m.] Having many fomus shapes, or appear-
ances. — Mal'tl-fonill-ty (-fftrmT-ty), »i.
Mol'tf-UU'tr-al (mmaT-lSt^r-al). a. [MttUi- + ^^
era/.] Having many aides ; many-sided.
Mol-ttp'A-roUi (-tTp'A-rils), a. [Multi- + L. parere to
produce.] Producing many, or more tluui one, at a birth.
Miilliont.
aa aa Mulliont ;
666 Trsnaom.
■la-IMv-IItt (mW-tTp'*r4It «r "MjS^^ttQ!*
[L. mul^artUui ; muUut + partitut divided.] DivUad
into many parte ; having aevciral parts.
M«ltl-ptd(mai'tl5«di,». fLmumpes,vmmpeda;
muUus-^peSj pedis, foot.) An insect having many feet,
as a myriaiKM. ^ a, Havrng many feet.
MvKtt-pto (-tl-p'l), o. [F.] Containing vumtiM
once, or more than one ; manifold. * n. A quantity di-
visible by another without a remainder.
■vl'tf-Vll'ft-U* (-pU'i-ba), Hvltl^ll^arUt (-pH.
ki-b'l), a. Capable of beUig raulUpUed.
■llill-pil-OMid' (-plT-kind"). n. Number to be mul-
tiplied by another numlwr called the multiplier,
■vl'tt^li-oat* (mOiaT-plT-kit or mU-tTpnT-ktt), a.
[L. muUiplieaiut, p. p. of multiplicare. See MuLnrLT.]
Consisting of many, or of more than one ; multiple.
Mvl't^pU•<MIWII, A. 1. A multiplying, or being mul-
tiplied. iTThe repeating, or adding to itself, any given
number or quantity a certain number of times; process
of ascertaining bv a briefer computatioD the result o(
such repeated additiona ; — reverae of divisitm,
■vl'&^UH»-tl¥»(-ki-tTv),a. Muttiplying.
Mvltl-|3l-<MI'tor(-ki't8r),n. [LJ AmuTtiplier.
Mvl'tt-pUol-tf (-plTanr-tj^)* n. llie beliig mulUi
manifold, or various ; a multitude.
MvlH-pll'tr (-pU'Sr), ». 1. One that mnltlpUea. S.
NumlMr by which another number ia multiplied. 3. In-
strument fncreaaing the intenaity of heat, electricity, etc
■nl'tt-plT (-pB), V. t. [F. muUiplier, L. muUivlieart,
fr. muUiplex manifold.] 1. To bicreaae in number ; to
add quanUty to 2. To add (any given number or quan-
tity) to itself a certain number of tfanea; to find the
inroduot of by multiplication. — v. t. 1. To become
greater. 2. To increaae ; to spread.
Mvltl-tadt (-tud), n. [F. ; L. muUUudo, -dinU^it.
muUus.l L Great number of peraons or thuigs ; crowd ;
assembly. 2. Numeronsness.— Mvltl-ta'ai-Bft-ffy (*(«'•
dl-nt-rf^), Hvl'tl-tll'di-lioas (-nils), a,
Syn. -Assemblage ; swarm ; popuUce. See Tmuwo.
Mvlti-TBlTt (miU'tl-vUv), n. A moUusk having a
shell composed of more than two pieces. — Hvltl-Talftt
■vl'tt-TBl'm-lar (.vil'v«.lSr),'a.
Mum (mfim), a. Silent'. — (ntefji.
Hush I
To sport
^om, n. [O. mumme, f r. Christian Mumme^ who flirt
brewed it in 1492.] A strong German beer. _ _
MuDinat (mflmO)*!), r. L [D. mommelen,] 1. To
speak with the Upa partly doeed; to mutter. 2. To chew
something gently with doaed Ups.— r. /. 1. To utter
inarticulately. 2. To bito gently, as one wtthoot teeth.
'Kllllllll(mfim),v.<. [Cf. D. mominen, fr. WMNN mask.]
sport in a mask or disguise. — ■oaUBfif'* »•
Km'mn-J, n. L Maaking ; frolic in disguise ; bof-
f ooneiy. 2. Farcical show : hypocritical parade.
■nmfnui-lorai (-ml-fOrm), a. BesembUng a mommy.
MvmlBl-fF (-fi), e. <« iMummy + -/».] To embalm
and dry as a mummy. —■lim'ml-It-OAWn, n.
Marn'mw, n. [F. momie ; f r. Per. m&miyS, fr. fnfim
wax.] A dead body embalmed and dried, or otherwiaa
preserved from putrefaction.
Mump (mllmp), V. i. [Akin to mumble.) 1. To move
the lipe with the mouth dosed ; to mumble. 2. To de-
ceive; to play the beggar.— Hnmp'OT, n.— ■OBp'lMI, a.
Hmiips (miimps)r«». 1- pl- Sullenneas; the enlks.
2. Feverish inflammation of the_parotid glanda.
MllBOh (m&nch), v. t. A i, [Prob. aldn to muuMe.}
To chew with a crunching aound. — ■vaidl'Qr, n.
■lIB'daiM (m&n'dSn), a. [L. mundanus, fr. mumdui
the world.1 Pert, to the world ; earthly ; torrestriaL
Kv-BlOl-pAl (mfl-uTsa-pal), a. [L. municipalise fr.
municipium free town, fr. munieeps free dtixen ; munia
official duties + capere to take.] 1. Pert, toa dty or
corporation. 2. Pert, to a state or nation.
Hv-nloi-Mll-tF (-pUT-tj^), fi. A munidpal district ;
a borough, city, or inoorponOed town or riUageb
ft, S, 1, 9, a, long : ft, «, I, tt, O, t. abort i senftte, 6 vent. Idea, 6bey, ttBite, e4ia, ttm, Aak, §0, UnoL
MUNIFICENCE
373
MUSTER
Ma-ldH-oeilM CmO-nT^T-««iia), fi. The being manifi-
eent ; generous bounty ; layish generosity.
Syn. — Beneficence ; liberality ; generosity ; bounty ;
bounteousness. See BcNsvoLBiros.
Mn-Blf l-oant (-sent), a. [L. munificus; muntuaerr-
ioet gift 4* -ftcan (in comp.) to make.] Very liberal in
giving; Uvish. — Hn-nlfi-oanMy. a<^.
Srn. — Bounteous ; bountiful : liberal ; generous.
Mn^-BMBt (-nT-mcnt), n. [L. munimetUum^ f r. mu-
nire to fortify.] 1. That which supports ; place or means
of d^ense. 2. Legal record j title deeds and papers.
Mtt-BKtlOII (-nTsh'fin), n. [F. ; f r. L. munUio fortiflca-
tioa,fr. munire to fortify.] Ammunition; military stores.
Mll'lral (mu'ral), a. [F., fr. L. munUiSi fr. murus
walL] 1. Pert to a wall. 2. Like a wall ; steep.
Mvr^or (mdr'dSr), n. [AS. morSor^ f r. mor& murtler ;
akin to L. morg^ mortis^ death.] The killing a human
being with malice aforethought; unlawful homicide.—
r. /. 1. To kill (a human bebg) willfully, deliberately,
and unlawfully. 2. To mutilate or deform ; to mangle.
— Mvr'dor-er, n. — Hnr'dflr-aM, n. /.
Syn.— To kill; assassinate; slay. SeeKiLL.
Mnr'dor-inis (-&»)« «• Pert, to murder or bloodshed ;
bloody ; sanguinary. — ■llI'd«r-OIUi-ly, adv.
Syn. — Bloodguflty ; bloodthirsty ; wB,r9g9 ; crueL
Mn'Xl-ate (mu'rT-ttS) *•• A salt of muriatic or hydro-
chloric acid ; a chloride. *
Mll'll-ario (-Stak), a. [L. mMriatietu pickled, fr.
muria brine.] Pert, to, or obtained from, sea salt, or
from chlorine, a constituent of sea salt ; hydrochloric.
Mwk^ imiii)Lf)ja. [AS. myree, miree.} Dark;
obscure; gloomy. — Hwk'l-naH, n.
Marram (mttr^mOr), n. [L.] 1. A low, confused,
indistinct sound, like that of running water. 2. A com-
Idaiut half suppressed.— r. i. 1. To make a low con-
tinued noise, luce the hum of bees, a stream of water, dis-
tant waves, etc 2. To grumble. — Hurlniir-er, n.
Mnr'nilll (mllr'rTn), n. [OF. marine, fr. OF. morir
to die, L. mort, morinVI An infectious and fatal disease
am(»g cattle. — a. AflUcted with murrain.
H mm (mfis), n. ; pi. Mubm (mS'rSz). [L. , a mouse.]
A genus of rodents, Including the common mouse and rat.
II Mn'M (mu'iA), n. / pi. Umm (-zS). [NL., fr. Ar.
mat», mauMa, banana.] A genus of large perennial,
herbaceous, endosenous plants, including the banana,
plantain, etc —Hll-M'OMIIS (-si'shOs), a.
Ji (mfisOc*), n. ; vl. Muscjb (-s8). [L.] A
of dipterous insects, including the common house ffy.
HuKolo (mSs'M), n. [F., fr. L. mtucuius a muscle,
a little mouse, dim. of mtu a mouse.] 1. (a) A bodily
organ whose contraction produces motion. (6) Contract*
ile tissue of which muscles are largely made up. 2. Mus-
cular strength. [CoUoq."] 3. [AS. mtMcte, L. mtuculua
a muscle, mussel.] A mussel.
Mvs'oo-Vtte (-vit), n. 1. An inhabitant of Muscovy
or ancient Russia ; a Russian. 2. Common potash mica.
Mns'fni-lar (-ktt-18r^, a. 1. Pert, to, consisting of,
or constituting, a muscle or muscles. 2. Performed by
muscles. 3. Well furnished with muscles; brawny;
strong; powerful. — Hni'Oll-Ur^-tir (-ISr^-t^), n.
Mom (raSz), n, [F. ; Or. Movou.] One of the nine
classie goddesses who presided over song, poetry, etc.
Mom, v. i. [F. miMer.] 1. To thhik closely. 2. To
be abeent in mind ; to be in a brown study.— v. L To
meditate on. — n. Contemplation; absorbing thought;
absence of mind.
Syn. — To consider : meditate ; ruminate. Bee Poxdsr.
Mv-M^nm (md-s8'iim), n. [L. , temple of the Muses.]
A collection of curiosities or of works of art.
■mil (miiah), n. [Cf. Ger. mm. miu*, porridge ;
akin to AS. & OS. mOs food.] Meal (esp. Indian meal)
boiled in water ; hasty pudding. [U. 8.]
MaaUkftoam (m&sb'rSdm), n. [OF. motueheron.l 1.
(a) An edible fungus, growing in rich pastures, ana pro-
verbial for rapidity of growth and shortaieM «f dnntkni.
(6) Any large fungus ; a toad-
stool, many species being
veiy poisonous. 2. One who
rises suddenly from a low
condition in life ; an upstart.
— o. 1. Pert, to mushrooms.
2. Resembling mushrooms in
rapidity of growth and short-
ness of duration; short-lived ;
ephemeral.
Mn'Blo (mu'iTk), fi. [F.
musique^^ fr. L. mutiea^ Or. _ .
i|), any art
if uses presided, esp. music, lyric poetry.]
- '- ' • nds. 2. Melody;
fMvo-un} (sc. 7iwii\
over which the Muw . , _ ,
1. Science and art of tones, or musical soimd ^ , .
harmony. 3. Written notation of a musical composition ;
score.— Htt'iliHd (-sT-kal), a. — Mn'llCHd-ly , adv.
Hn-lt'olAII (-zTsh'an), n. One skilled in music; a
skilled singer, or performer on a musical instrument.
■mk (mlisk), n. [F. mtue, L. musau. Per. mutk.1
A substance obtained from a bag behind the navel uf the
male musk deer, of powerful and enduring odor.
Mask dssr. a small hornless deer, of the elevated parts
of Central Asia. The male has scent ban on the belly,
which yield the musk of commerce.— Mask ox«alarge Arc-
tic hollow-horned ruminant, now existing only in America.
■lislwt (mfiaOiSt), n. [F. motuquety fr. L. musca a
fly.] 1. Male of the sparrow hawk. 2. An old infantry
firearm, now superseded by the rifle.
Miislwt-Mr (-9r0, n. [F. motugueUHre.} A soldier
armed with a musket.
Mll«'lBlt-r7(-xy),ti. 1. Muskets, coUeotively. 2. The
Are of muskets. [scent of musk. I
Moakl-IMMI (miisk^-nSs), n. The being musky :|
HnikllMl'OII (-mfiFfin), n. IMiuk -f fnetan."] The
fruit of a cucurbitaoeous plant, having an aromatic flavor ;
cantaloupe ; a nutm^ melon.
Mmklnr (-nt/), n. l. a North American aquatic
fur-bearing rodent, resembling a rat in color, and with
scent glands secreting a substanoe having a strong odor
of musk. Called also mutguash, muik beaver^ and ondo-
tra. 2. The musk shrew, of India. 3. The desman.
Maakfj^ a. Having an odor of musk.
Mns'lln (miixHTn), n. [F. mousteline ; fr. Mos$aui in
Mesopotamia, where it was first made.] Thin cotton doth.
IfasIiB dslalas, a light woolen fabric for women's dreesei.
[Written also mouueline de laine.]
Hlll-«lll'te(mas-kS'tft),n. Mosqulta [scramble. I
Mum (mils), A. [Cf. OF. motueAe, L. mtMco, fly.] A|
Mus, n. A state of disorder. — v. /. To dlsarraage
(clothing) ; to rumple. [CoUoq. U. ^.]
Mns'Ml (mfia^sU), n. [AS. ; L muteulut. BeeMuacxB,
3.1 A bivalve shellflsh, some species of which are edible
Hns'glll-IIUUI (-sfil-mon), n. ; pi. MtTSSUUiABS. " '
mudimln. pi. of muMm. See Moslkm.I Mohamm
Most (mfist), r. t. or auxUiarv. TAB. mdtte, pret.,
m0/, pres.] 1. To be necessitated. 2. To be necessary
or essential to a certain quality, end, or result.
Most, n. [AS. ; L. mu^um.y 1. Expressed juioe of
the grape, or other fruit, before fermentation. 2. Musti-
nesfl. — V. ^ & i. To make, or become, musty.
Hns-taoho^ (mfis-t&sh')t *>. [Written also mou»-
tache.'] [F. moustache, fr. Or. fviara^ upper lip and the
beard upon it.] Beard growing on the upper lip.
Mns'Ullg (mfis'tlng), n. [Sp. musteHo.} The half-
wild horse of the plains in Mexico, California, etc.
Mustard (-t2rd), n. [OF. mcuttarde, fr. L. muHum
must.] 1. The name of several cruciferous plants. 2. A
powder or paste made from seeds of black or white mus-
tard, used as a condiment, also as stimulant and diuretic
Hns-tM' (-18'), n. Mpstee.
Mns'tar (-t8r), n. [OF. mostre, LL. motuira ; fr. OF.
mostrer, L. monstrare to show.] 1. An assembling or
fSm, recent, 6rb, ryde, f^ Oni, food, fo^ot, ont, oil, cliair, go, sins, iQk, tben, tliin.
MUSTER ROLL
reriew of troops, for puradet inspection, exercise, etc.
2. Sum total of en Msembled anuv. 3. An assemblage ;
display. — v. /. •& i. To get together.
Itutar roll, a register of all the men in a company, troop,
etc., present or accounted for on the day of muster.— To
pass master, to pass through inspection without censure.
MUB^tJ (mfts't}^), a. [L. mustum must.] 1. Having
the rank, pungent odor and taste of orgamc substances
durii^ warm, moist weather ; moldy. 2. Spoiled by age ;
rank; stale. 3. Dull; spiritleea. — HllBli-n«M, n.
Mnta-U* (mu't4-b'l), a. n^. mutabUig, fr. tnutare
to change.] 1. Changeable. 2. Inconstant ; unstable.
-Mn'U-llU-IMM, Mll'tA-lini-ty (bTlT-tj^), n.
Syn.— Ghaugeable ; unsettled ; rariable ; fickle.
Mn-tA'tiOB (-tS'sh&n), n. [L. mutatio^ fr. mutare.}
Change ; alteration in form or qualities. [off ; to molt. ]
MQt*(mut),v. /. [L. mutore. Bee Molt.I To cast)
■«t«, v,i.&t. [F. muiir, Smeutir^ f r. OD. tmeUeny
prop., to melt. See Smelt.] To eject the contents of
the bowels ; — said of birds. — n. Dung of birds.
Mote, a, [L. mutut; cf. Or. ^vcir to shut! 1. Not
■peaking; silent. 2. Dumb. 3. Not uttered; silent;
IffoducM by closure of the month organs stopping passage
of breath ; — said of the letters called mutes. *— n. 1. One
who does not speak, (a) One who, from deafness, is
unable to articulate. (6) One employed by undertakers
at a funeral, (c) A Turkish attendant selected because he
can not speak. 2. A letter representing no sound ; a close
articulation ; an element of speech formed by a position
of the mouth organs which stops passage of the breath ;
as, p, b, d.a, k, t. — Mntolj, adv. — Mvte'lMM, n.
8yn. — Mutb; Silsrt; Dumb; speechless. — One is
ailent who does not speak ; one is dumb who can not. for
want of the proper orgsns ; one is mute who is held hack
from speaking by some special cause.
Mn'tl-Ut* (mu'tT-ltt), a. [L. mutilare^ -latum ^ to
mutilate, fr. mutUut maimed.1 1. Deprived of an im-
portant part. 2. Having finlike appendages instead of
legs, as a cetacean. — r. <. 1. To remove a limb or essen-
tial part of ; to maim ; to hack. 2. To destroy a material
part of , so as to render imperfect. — Mntl-wtor, n.
■n'tlrlA'ttoll, n. A mutilating, or being mutilated ;
deprivation of a limb or essential part.
MQ'tl-nMf' (-nSr')t ^ One guilty of mutiny.
■tt'tl-noos (-n&s), a. Disposed to mutiny ; insubor-
dinate. — Mn'tt-noiui-lT, adv. — Mntl-noiui-iiMs, n.
Hntl-Iiy ('U]^), n. [F. «e mutiner^ f r. muiin stubborn,
fr. L. motuSy p. p. of movere to move.] Insurrection
against authority, esp. military or naral authority ; con-
certed revolt ; insubordination. -*r. i. To revolt against
one*s superior officer, or any rightful authority.
Stii. — See Ihsuebbction.
Mnnar (mfit'tdr), v. i. & t. [Prob. imiUtive.l To
utter (words) with a low voice and lips partly closed ; to
grumble ; to growL — n. Repressed utterance. — Hnf-
Itr-er, m. [of a sheep. I
Mutton (-t*n), n. [OF. mo/on sheep, wether.] Flesh |
374 MYSTICAL
■y (ml), a. & pots. pron. [OE. mi^ tx. mi
Mors, pron. & a.] Belonging to me.
Myn-lieCI/ (mln-hSrO, n. [D. mijnkeer.^
i obop, a rib of mutton for broiling.
MnftB-al (mu'td-ol ; 40), a. [F. mutuely L. mutuus,
orig., exchanged, borrowed, lent ; akin to mvtare to
ohuige.] 1. Reciprocally acting or related; interchanged.
2. Poesessed, experienced, or done by two or more per-
sons or this^ at the same time ; common ; joint. —
■Qta-«l-ly, adv. —UWiQ-Bll-tf, n.
Syn. — Reciprocal ; interchanged; common.
Mntnlo (-ttti ), n. [F. , f r. L. muiulus.l A projecting
block worked under the corona of ^ r ^***Mf
the Doric cornice. ■HH^ ^BVB^
Mm'Zle (mOz'sM), n. [OF. Mntnles.
muself LL. musellus^ fr. musus^ morsttSy a bite. See MoB-
SXL.] 1. The projecting mouth and nose of a quadruped.
2. Mouth of a thing ; end for entrance or discharge (of
a gun, etc.). 3. A covering for an animal's mouth, to
grevent eating or Uting. ^ v. t. To bind the mouth of ;
) restrain from speech or action.
luivalent of JKrr. or Sir ; a Dutchman.
My. - ■ -
cle -h -grapt
Dutch
r-of'm-
(mt-Sg'ri-f j^ ), n. [Or. ^, |av^, mos-
Descriptiou of muscles and muscular
contraction. — Hy'O-ffimplllO {-t- grif ' Tk ) , Mf-
gnoliio-al, a.
■y-Ol'O-gy (•91'ft-jj^), n. Anatomy of the muscles.
My'QP* (nii'Sp), n. [F., fr. Or. ^vw^, fivmwot ; itvtmt
to^ose -f w^t wr^t ^V^^ ^^ having myopia.
My-o'pl-A (•S'pY-i), Krojpy (mi^-p^),
sightedness. — Hj-opio (kJpTk), a.
i-ad (mTri-ad), »» [Or. tivptas^
Near.
Myrt-ad (mTra-ad), »» [Or. fivptat. itvpidBaty fr. f&v-
puK numberless, pL iivpun ten tbousana.] 1. The nom-
ber 10,000 ; 10,000 persons or things. 2. An indefinitely
large number, —a. Indefinitely large.
myrl-A-cram I (-A-grfan), n. [F. myrfo^ramme.
Myr^l-A-gnaUM i See Mtua-, and O&ax.] A metric
weight of 10,000 grams = 22.046 lbs. avoirdupois.
Myrl-«-U'ttrT(mTr^.A-15't8r or mIr'T.lM-t«r), n.
Myr^-A-U'tre ( [F. myrialUre.'] A metric meanneof
capacity, containing 10,000 liters = 2641.7 wine gallons.
Hyrl-A-IIM'tar ) (mTra-i-mS^tSr or mlr^-imt-tSr),
MyTl-«-m«'tro ) n. [F. myriamitrt.'X A metric
ueasure of length = 10,000 meters = a2m miles.
icMnm
measure of length :
Myr^-ft>pOd (mTrnf-A-p5d), ». One of the Myriapoda.
UMyn-»'ada(-«P^-dA),». _ . . n
vl. [NL., fr. Or. iivpio% num- -^ """' ' ' » /^ T^"
berless + •'Poda.'\ A class of J
arthropods, having the bodj
made up of nnmerous
similar segments,
near! V all of which bear
true jointed legs.
■yrl-art (-£r), n. Myriapod.
A metric measure of a Larva of luloa, reenitlv hstebsd t
surface = 10,000 ares n\\\c\\ enlarged. 6 Adult lulat i
= 247.1 acres. "'^ •*'*•
MyT'inl-dOll (mSr'mT-dSn), it. [Or. "VLvpiktlovny pi.]
1. One of a fierce troop who accompanied Achilles, their
king, to the Trojan war. 2. A rufnsn.
Myrrll (m2r), n. [L. myrrA<i, murrOy Or. iivppa ; cf.
Ar. mwrr bitter, also myrrh, Heb. mar bitter.] A gun
resin, of aromatic odor and medicinal properties.
■yrtl« (mSr't'l), fi. [F. myrtil bilberry, myrte myr-
tie, L. myrtusy Or. Mvproc.] A
shrubby plant, thickly covered
with evergreen leaves, and bearing
solitary axillary white or rosy flow-
ers, followed by black several-*
seeded berries. The ancients con- '
sidered it sacred to Venus.
My-«alf(mt-feeif' or mT-)./)»wi. ;
pi. OiTBSBLTBs (our-sSlvs'). I or me
m person i — used for emphasis,
also instead of me^ as the object of
the first person of a reflexive verb. „ ..^ , w„.*^ ,««.
mTW-WlUnm (mIs-tS'rI.tts), a. ^y^* ^^^ "-^
Pert, to, or containing, mysterv;
difficult to understand ; not explained. ~ Kyi-tAllrOU-
ly,a<ir. — HyB-te^-oiis-iiMNi.R- , ^
Syn. — Obscure ; secret ; occult; dark ; mystio.
■ys'ter-y (mls'lSr-j^ ), n. [Or. /MNmipiov, fr. itrfew to
shut the eyes. Cf. Mctb, «.] 1. A profound secret;
something beyond human comprehension. 2. A i
religious celebration, to which only the initiated were
admitted ; — usually in pi. 3. pi. The consecrated ele-
ments in the eucharist.
Hyster-y , n. [OF. mesOery F. mi tier ^ L. min isierHtm
mhiistry.] 1. A trade ; handicraft. 2. A dramatic rep-
resentation or composition of a Scriptural subject.
MymtUi (mTs'tTk), ) a. 1. Beyond human oompre*
Hyrtio-«l (-tT-kal), ) hension ; obscure ; mysterious.
I, «, 1, 5, a, kmg ; A. fi, 1, 6, tt, y, abort i iMiAte, «Tent, td«s 5bey, linite, c4i». linn, AA, »I1, flnaL
MYSTIC
375
NARROW
8. Importilnff myaticiAm ; allegorioaL — M7lll0-«14y «
Mja'tlO (mTa'tTk), n. One holding mystical riews.
MysHHXlsni(-tT-«Ts*m),n. 1. Obscurity of doctrine.
S. Doctrine of the Mystics, who maintained thst they had
direct intei^HNirse with the divine Spirit.
■yrtt-flHSa'dOO (-fl-kTshOn), n. A mystifying, or
being mystified ; something that mystifies.
WSfwrbrtf (-1^, V. /• [Or. luivTHi -^ L. -fioare (in comp.)
to make.! 1. To inTolve in minrtery ; to make obscure
or diflkuit to understand. 2. To puule.
Mytll (mlth), n. [Or. yStBvt myth, fable, speech.}
L An ancient story onginaUy rapreaenting some fact or
phenomenon of nature and of the soul ; an ancient iMend
of a god, hero, etc. ; a fable received as historical. 2. A
thing existing only in imagination.
Mythlo (mTth^k}, I a. ReUt'ni
M)rthlo4l(-T-kal), J _ in a myih ; fabulous ; imaginary ;
Relat'ng to myths ; described
fanciful. — Hyt]ll0-«l-ly, adr.
■y-thOI'O-glSt (mT-tb51'6-jT8t), n. One versed in, or
who writes on, myUiology or myths.
My-tlUfl'O-gy (r^'U »• [L. mythoiogia. Or. fivSo^ttyia ;
iivOtK + AtfytK speeen* discourse.] 1. Science of myths ;
treatise on myths. 2. A body of myths ; collective ravths
describing the gods of a heathen people. — Hytn'O-
lOf Oo (mTth'Wfijak), Myt"
, Hytll'O-lOf lo-al (-T-kal), a.
N.
J (nib), r. t. [Dan. nappe.}
SftlWb (nia>Ob), fi. [Hind. &
To seise ; to grab.
Ar. nawib.] 1. A
depalhr or viceroy (n India. 2. One of great wealth.
mt/on (-kir), n. [F. ; LL. nacrum.'] Pearly lining
of shells, most perfect in the mother-of-pearl, [written
rmi^naker.J — Hft'
also nacker and naker.J — Hft'oi^-oiU (-krt-Os),
Hl^dlr (-dSr), fi. [F., Sp., <& It. ; fr. Ar. natiru^s aami
point opposite the zenith.] 1. That point of the heavens
ahrectly opposite the senith. 2. Lowest point.
Hag (nig), n. [D. negge."] A small horse ; pony.
Hag, c t' & i. [Of. 8w. naggn to nibble, peck, O.
naoen. B. gnaw,") To tease ; to scold habitually. lCoitoq.'\
nallUI (ni'ySd), n. [L. naias, -adU.'] 1. A water
nymph fabled to preside over some lake, river, brook, or
fountain. 2. A freshwater bivalve of numerous genera ;
river mussel. 3. A nymph, one of a group of buttertlie«.
4. An order of plants, including eelgrass, pond weed, etc.
Hall (nil), It. [AS. ntrgel.} 1. Horuy scale at the end
of fingers and toes. 2. A slender, pointed piece of metal,
for fastening pieces of wood, etc., tof^ether. 3. A lueas-
ore of length, 2 1-4 inches. -*v. t. 1. To secure by nails.
2. TO bind or hold ; to catch ; to trap.
Hall'V, n. One who makes, or drives, nails.
Hall'or-y, n. Place where nails are made.
Hatn'SOOC' (nin^sd6k0, n. [XainMukh, a vaUey in
Kaghan.] Thick Jaconet muslin, plain or striped.
HalT»' (ni'Jv'), a. [F. »wi*t/, fem. naive, fr. L. na-
HvH* innate.] Having unaffected simplicity ; ingenuous ;
«rttose.-ilHriT*'W>(ni'tv/tt')»n. [F.]
Ha'kad (ni^kSd), a. [AS. na^od ; akin to U nwiux.'\
2. Haviiw no clothes on ; uncovered ; nude ; bare. 2. Un-
defended; open; unarmed. 3. Destitute. 4. Without
addition, exaggeration, or excuses. 6. Mere ; simple ;
plafai. — Ha'kad-ly, adv. — Na%ad-nMa, n.
Srn.— Node; Mre; uncovered; plain; defenseless.
HamOiy-pailllfty (nimOjy-pim'byj, n. [Fr. A mbrose
Phillip*, in ridicule of his verses.] Weakly sentimenUl
talk or writing, —a. Affectedly pretty ; finical ; insipid.
Kama (nim), n. [AS. noma ; akin to O. natM, L.
namen. Or. itmuM.] L Title distinguishing any person
or thing. 2. Reputed character : repuUtion ; fame.
Syn. — Najo ; AmLLATioir ; Titlb ; Drnoiwin ation :
destgnaticm ; coniomen ; epithet. — yame is generic, de-
noting that combination of sounds or letters by which
one is known and distinguished. JptW/a/um denotes,
more properly, a de*criptire term, marking some individ-
ual cbaracteristir. A title is a term employed to point
oat one*s rank, office, etc. Denomination is to particular
bodies what appellation is to individuals.
— r. /. [AS. namian.] 1. To give a distinctive name
to; to calL 2. To mention by name; to publish the
name of. 3. To nominate; to specify; to appoint.
8yn» — To style ; term ; call ; specify ; nomhiate.
HaaaOaM, «. 1. Without a name. 2. Not famous.
5. Aaonymoos. 4. Unnamable; inexpressible.
Aima^y, adv. That is to say ; to wit.
(nim'sakO)». {TFarnameU take.] One
called after, or named out of regard to, auotlier.
Han-kaan' (uiu-kSn'), n. [Orig., made at Saukin, \n
China.] [Written also nanirfn.] 1. Durable yellowish
cotton cloth. 2. pi. Trousers made of nankeen.
Hap (nip), V. t. [AS. hnmppian to slumber.] To
have a short deep ; to dose. — n. A dose ; siesta.
Hap, n. [AS. hnoppa.^ Woolly or villous surface of
felt, cloth, plants, etc. ; down.
Hapa (nap), n. The back part of the neck.
Hapll'tlia (nif'thi or nip^hi), n. [L. ; Or. yd^.]
A vomtile, liquid, inflammable hydrocarbon, usually
called crude petroleum^ mineral oil, or rock oil.
Ha'pi-lonil (na'pl-fdrm), a. [L. napu* turnip -f-
-/onn.j Turnip-shaped ; large and round in
the upper part, and very slender below.
Hap'kln (nipHcTn), n. [Dim. of OF. nape
tablecloth, L. mappa.} A little towel, esp.
for wiping the fingers and mouth at table.
Nar-da'aiia (niir-sTs'sOs), n. [L.; Or.
NdpxtotnK, fr. fopiri} torpor.] 1. A bulbous
plant, comprising daffodils and Jonquils. 2.
A youth fabled to have been enamored of his
own image as seen in a fountain, and to have
been changed into tiie flower Narcissus.
Har-OOt'lO (-kStnrk), a. [Or. vapKf^ucif,
(r. vdfMcri.'] Stupefying.— n. A drug which, in medicinal
doses, relieves pain, and produces sleep, but, in poison-
ous doses, produces stupor, coma, convulsions, or death.
Har'OO-tina (nirHc^-tTn or -tin), n. [F.] An alka-
loid found in opium ; — called also narcotia.
Hard (niird), n. [AS., fr. L. nardut. Or. frfpdov. Per.
nard.'\ 1. An East Indian plant of the Valerian family.
2. Ointment prepared from this plant.
Har-rata^ (nir-rit'), v. t. [L. nanare, -nz/ttm.] To
tell ; to relate the particulars of. — Har-ral«r, n.
Srn. — To relate ; recount ; detail ; describe.
Har-ratioil. n. A telling ; rehearsal ; recital ; stoiy.
Syn. — Relation ; description : tale. See Accoitht.
Nar'ta-tlva (nir'rA-tTv), a. 1. Pert, to narration.
2. Apt to relate stories ; garrulous, ^n. A story.
Syn. — Recital : rehearwd ; story ; tale. See AoconVT.
Nar'row(-r«),a. [as. nraru.] 1 Of little breadth ;
not wide or broad. 2. Very limited ; circumscribed.
3. Having barely sufficient space, time, or number, etc. ;
close ; near. 4. Limited as to means ; pinching. 6. Con-
tracted; of limited scope; bigoted. 6. Parsimonioiu ;
selfish. 7. Close ; accurate ; exact 8. Formed (as a
vowel) by a close position of some part of the tongue in
relation to the palate, or by a tense condition of the
pharynx ; — disting. f r. tri/ie ; as S (Sre) and 55 (f5&d),
etc., from T (Til) and (J6 (fd6t^, etc — n. A narrow pas-
sage ; strait connecting two bodies of water. -* v. /. & i.
1. To contract. 2. To make less liberal or more selfish ;
to restrict. — Hartpow-maa, n.
t9mt leoant, 6rb, r^de, f ^ Urn, ftfbd, fo^ot, ont, oil, cludr, go, sing, igk, tben, tliin.
NARROWLY
376
NAVE
maaCnwlj (nirTft-lj^), adv. 1. With Uttle biMdth.
2. Coucracuxlly. 3. with minute scrutiny ; carofully.
4. With a little margin ; by a small distanoe ; barely ;
onlvjust. 6. Sparingly; parsimoniously.
Mai^mw-Btbld'td (-miud'M), a. Of narrow mental
scope ; illiberal ; mean. — Har'kOW-mllld'td-IMIS, n,
Vai^hal (nKrHiwil), Sai^al (-w&l), n, [Sw. or
Dan. narhval; akin to E. whaU.^ [Written abo nar-
tehale.1 An arctic cetacean, the male of which has a
long, twisted tusk, projecting like a horn.
NsrwhsL
Vassal (ni'xal), a. [F., fr. L. nams nose.] 1. Pert
to the noee. 2. Spoken through the nose ; made by low-
ering the soft palate, the rolce isming (wholly or par-
tially) through the noee, as in the consonants m, n, no. —
«. 1. A nasal sound. 2. One of the nasal bones ox the
skull. - Ha-MUI-ty (-zU^-ty), n.
Haa'OMIt (nis'sent), a. [L. naseens^ -ceniU^ p. pr. of
tuuei to be bom.l Beginning to exist or to grow.
Has-tni^nill (uia-tQr'8hISm),Has-tWtion (-shSn), n.
[li. nastnrtiHm^ fr. muiu nose -f- torquert^ tortum^ to
twist.] A cruciferous plant of pungent taste.
HasOT (n4«'ty), a. [Por older na»ky; cf. disl. Bw.
ntukttg.A 1. Offensiyely dirty, foul, or defiled. S. Dis-
agreeftble ; wet ; driuling. 3. Indecent ; gross. ~ Has'-
tl-ly, adv. — Hastl-llMS, n.
Syn. — Nastt; Piltht; Foul; Dibtt.— Anything
nativ is usually wet or damp as well as filthy or dirty,
and disgusts by its stickiness or odor ; but filthy and fom
Imply that a thing is filled with offensiTe matter, while
dirty describes it as defiled with dirt.
■atal (nS't^il), a. [L. natalU^ tt. nasci^ nahu, to be
bom.] Pert, to, or dating from, ono^s birth ; natire.
8yn. - Nattre ; natural. See Nativ*.
Vala
jia'lailt (-tmit), a. \it. natans^ -torUUf fr. naiare to
swim.] Floating in wnter, or eubmersed.
Ha'f a-to-ry (-ti-t^-r^), a. Adapted for swimming.
■a'tton (-shiin), n. [F. ; li. natio nation, race, orig., a
being bom, fr. natci^ nattu.] 1. A dirision of the people
of the earth, distinguished by common descent, Ungnage,
or institutions ; a race ; a stock. 2. Inhabitants of a
conntry, nnited under one government.
Sjn. — People ; race. Seis Pioplb.
If atlon-al (DSsli^On-^rl), a. [F. ] 1. Pert, to a nation ;
public ; general. 2. Attached to one's own country.
■a'dlMl-al-Ism,!!. 1. Nationality. 2. Peculiar idiom
or character of any nation.
Ha'ttoo-all-tT (-«T-ty), n. 1. The being strongly
attached to one^s own nation ; patriotism. 2. National
character. 3. A race or people, as determined by com-
mon language nnd character, and n(^ by political bias or
divisions. 4. The belontring to a nation or government
by nativity, character, allegiance, etc.
Ha'tton-al-lao (-al-ii), v. t. To make national; to
make a nation of.
Ha^ye (ni'tTv), n. [L. nntivut, fr. nattci^ natiu. See
Nauoit.] 1. Pert, to one's birth, or to the pl-^ce or cir-
eiimstancea in which one is bom ; — opp. to foreign. 2.
Bom in the region in which one lives ; not foreign or im-
E>rted. 3. Original. 4. Conferred by birth ; inherent :
oom ; not acquired. 6. Found in nature uncombined
with other elements, or not artificial. «»n. One bom In a
plare or conntry. — Ha'tlre-ly, adv. — NatlTa-nMa, n.
Syn. — Natttb : Natubal ; Natal ; original : congeni-
tal. — Nntttrffl refers to the nntftrf of a thing, or that whlrh
springs therefrom ; native^ to one's birth or origin ; natal^
to the circumstances of one's birth.
Ha-tlTl-ty (nA-tlvT-ty), n. [F. ntUiriti, L. natMtng.-^
The coming into life ; birth ; time, place, etc., of birth.
Vatty (nlt^tj^), a. Neat; Udy; spruoe. [CoOm.I
Hat^-ral (-C-ral ; 40), a. [OK. & F. naturtl^ fr. Lw
fux/Mra/u, fr. nattara. Bee Natubb.] 1. Fiiud by na-
ture ; pert, to the constitution of a thing ; essential ; char-
acteristic ; not artificial, f oreifn, or acquired. 2. Catk-
formed to the laws or actual facts of nature t not excep-
tional or violent ; legitimate ; regular. 3. DealiM with,
or derived from, the creation ; not supematuraL C Coo-
formed to truth or reality ; true to nature. 6. Having the
character belonging to one's position. 6. Connected
by consanguinity. 7. Bom out of wedlock; illegiti-
mate ; bastard. 8. Pert, to the lower or animal nature ;
unregenerate. 9. Belonging to some mathematical
system, in which the base is 1. 10. (a) Produced
by natural organs, — disting. fr. instrumoital music (6)
Pert, to a musical key which has neither a flat nor a
sharp for its signature. — n. 1. One bom without the
usual powers of reason ; an idiot. 2. A character, in
music, [q] used to remove the effect of a sharp or flat
preceding it, and to restore the unaltered noto.
Hafa-ial-tein, n. 1. State of nature. 2. Denial of a
supernatural agency In the miracles recorded in tlie Bible,
end in spiritnal influences ; philosophy which refers j^e-
nomena of nature to forces acting according to fixed lawa.
Hat^-fal-lst, n. 1. One versed in natural adeuce ;
student of natural hlstorv, esp. of animals. 2. One who
holds doctrines of naturalism in religion.
Hafa-ial-iae (nlt^-ral-U; 40), v. U 1. To mak*
natural ; to render easy by habit. 2. To adopt (a for-
eigner into a nation). 3. To receive as native, natural,
or vernacular. 4. To adapt ; to habituate. — r. <. 1. To
become as if native. 2. To explafaa phenomena by natural
agencies or laws, excluding the supematuraL— SafS-
lal-l-satlOB (-ral-T-tS'shOn), n.
Hafa-fal-ly, adv, in a natural manner or way.
Hat^-nd-lieMI, n. The being natural.
Hatlirt (nitttr ; 40), n. [F., fr. L. natura^ fr. tuuel
See Natioh.] 1. The existing syttem of things ; worid
of matter, or of matter and mind ; the creation ; unlveraa.
2. The powers which produce existing phenomena of be-
ing. 3 Regular course of things; connection of cause
and effect. 4. Conformity to that which is natural, as
disting. fr. tlu^ which Is artificial or unusuaL 6. Native
character. 6. Kind ; sort ; ouaUty. 7. Physical consti-
tution ; natural life. 8. Constitution of mind or character.
Havjlllt (nf^t), n. [AS. nfitriA/, ndA/ ; n« not -f d ever
-f triA/ thhjg. whit.] 1. Nothing. [Written also itovpA/.]
2. Arithmetical character 0 ; cipher, ^adv. In no de-
gree ; not at all. *^a. Of no value or account.
Havgllty (uf^'tj^), a. Mischievous ; perverse ; disobe-
dient. - Havfli^-ly, <k/v. — Havfkti-nefla, n.
Nau'aa-a (-sht-4 or -shA), n. [L., fr. Or. iwiwm, fr.
vavs ship.] Seasickness; sickness of the stomach ac-
companied with a propensity to vomit ; qualm ; loathing.
Hait'aa-ata (-it), v. i. & t. [L. natueore^ -ofinR, fr.
natuea."] To sicken ; to diegust.
Han'seona (-shQs), a. Causing naosea; airkening;
disgusUng. — Han'aeoiia-ly, adv. — Han'ieoiia-aaaa. n.
nantto-al (na^T-kal), a. [Or. Mvruc^, fr. ravr^c
sailor, vaw ship.] Pert, to seamen, navigntion, or sUpe.
8yTi. — Naval ; marine ; maritime. See Naval.
Nantl-lva (-lOs), n. [L., fr. Or. ycvrCAof sailor, a
shellfish.] 1. A cephalopodous mollutk, which creeps
over the bottom of the sea, not coming to the surface to
sail , as was formerly imagined. 2. The argonaut ; — also
called paper nautHtu,
Na'vai (nS'vol), a. [L. navalis, It. naH* ship.] Hav-
ing to do with shipplnff ; pert, to ships or a navy.
Syn. —Naval ; Nautical : marine ; maritime. — Koval
is applied to vessels, a navy, or things pertaining to them ;
nautical^ to seamen and navigation.
Mava (niv), n. [AS. nn/tt.] Block in the center of a
wheel, from which the spokes radiate ; hub.
Nave, n. [F. n</^, fr. L. navia ship, flgurattv^, the
a, e, I. o, a, long ; &, 6, 1, 6, 0, S*. abort ; senUte, «vant, tdea, 6bey, Onito, cftre, Mnn, 4sk, ||U, flmil.
NAVEL
377
NEED
elnuneb.] Body of % ohoreh, extending from the tranaepts,
or the choir, to the prin-
cipal entmnce, bnt not
including the aiales.
Hft^ (nS^vU), n,
[AB. nafela^ fr. na/u
DftTe; akin to L. urn-
bUieuM, Gr. V^M^O
The depresaion in the
middle of the abdomen ;
umbilicus.
Ha-vlo'tt-lar (ni-
TTkftt-lSr), a, [L. no-
vicMtofttM, fr.fMivicti/a,
dim. of Movit ship.]
like, or pert, to, a boat
or ship.
Va¥l-Ca-U« (nSr/T.
gi-bH), a. Capable of
being navigated. —
aa¥a-ga.Uo
aari-ga-Ull-ty, n,
HaT^*ffAta (-giU), r. i. [L. navigare, -gatum ; navu
+ <^pere to moTe, direct.] To journey bv water ; to go in
a ship ; to direct a Teaael^s course ; to sail. » r. I. 1. To
flail over or on. 2. To steer, direct, or manage in sailing.
— SaTl-ffa'tor, n.
HaT'lrgatlOll, n. 1. A navigating ; passing on water in
Tosaela ; a being nayigMble. 2. Science or art of couduct-
ingshipa; seamanship.
UKW'Yf (-^)y n. [Abbr. fr. navigntor.} Laborer on
canals, raHroads, embankments, etc. [Eng.'}
mt^Tf (nS/yfi n. [OF. navie, fr. L. navis.^ 1. A
fleet of shipa. 2. War vessels of a nation, collectively.
3. Officers and men of a nation's war vessels.
II Ha-wab' (nA-wf^b'), n. [See Nabob.] A viceroy in
India ; (Mental title of courtesy for persons of high rank.
HaT (ni), adv. [Icel. nei ; akin to B. no.] 1. No ; — a
negative answer to a question or request. 2. Not this
merely, bat also ; not only so, but.«»fi. 1. Denial ; ref usaL
2. A negative vote ; one who votes in the negative.
Haa'a-IMM' (nSx'4-r8nO, n. [Or. Na<api)H$«, fr. No-
iap«$ Naxareth.] An inhabitant of Nasareth ; — a term
of contempt applied to Christ and early Christians.
HM'a-ltta (-rit), n. A Jew bound by a vow to extraor-
dinary purity of life and devotion.
Haap (nSp), n. [Cf. Nbb, Napk.] The pole of a ve-
hicle drawn by two animals. [27. S.']
HaM, a. [AS. nipATid neap flood; cf. hnipian to
bend, incline.] Low. — n. A neap tide, one of the low-
est tides of the lunar month ; — opp. to tpring tules.
Ha'a'pOll-tail (nS'A-pOinr-t/rn), a. [L. NeapolitanuSf
fr. Neapolis Naples, Or. NcdiroXir, lit., J^ew town.] Pert,
to Naples in Italy, —n. A citizen of Naples.
Hair (n«r), adv. [AS. nedr, compar. of nedh nigh.]
1. At a little distance, in place, time, manner, or degree.
2. Nearly; almost; well-nigh. 3. Closely; intimately,
—a. 1. Not far distant. 2. Closely related ; intimate.
2. Close to anything imitated. 4. So as barely to avoid
injury ; dose ; narrow. 6. Next to the driver, when he
Is on foot; in the United States, on the left of a team.
6. Immediate ; direct ; short. 7. Close fisted ; pai«i-
monious. [Eng.]
87n«— Nigh; close; adjacent: familiar; dear.
— prep. Adjacent to ; close by ; not far from. » v. t. & i.
To approach. —Hearty, adv. — Hear^eai, n.
HMUr'llCltt'td (-sit^d), a. Seeing distinctly at short
distances only ; shortsighted. — Nefli'algllt'ed-neaa, n.
Veat (nSt), n. ftn^. & o/. [AS. n«<i/.] Cattle of the ox
kind. — a. Pert, to bovine cattle.
Heat, a, [F. n«r, fr. L. nitidtu^ fr. nitere to shine.]
1. Free from that which soils or disorders ; clean ; tidy.
2. Free from what is faoappropriate ; simple and becom-
ing ; chaste. 3. Free from adulteration. 4. Finished ;
adroit. 6. With all allowances made. [In this
written net.'} — Heatay (nStny), adv. — Heat'taMM, n.
Syn. — Nice ; pure ; cleanly ; tidy ; trim ; spruce.
Hob (uCSb), n. [AS. nebb.} The nose ; snout ; mouth ;
beak of a bird ; bUl ; nib of a pen. [Also written nib.}
Hob^-la (nfib'Ik-U), n. [L., mist, cloud ; akin to Or.
rf^^^ cloud, mist.] 1. A misty object in the heavens,
often resolvable by the telescope into distinct stars. 2. A
slight opacity of the cornea. — HalKU-lar (-ISO, a.
HoW-lOlUI (-Ills), a. L Cloudy ; misty. 2. Like, or
pert, to, a nebula. — Hal^'Q-loal-ty (-IBenr-ty), n.
Hoc'OS-aa-rl-ly (nga'Bs-st.rT-iy), adv. In a neceasi
manner ; by necessitv ; unavoidably ; indispensably.
Hat/OS-aa-ry (-ry), a. [L. neceuariui, fr. necu»e
necessary.] 1. Such as must be ; not to be avoided. 2. Im-
possible to be otherwise, or to be dispensed with ; essen-
tial. 3. Acting from necessity or compulsion ; involun-
tiry ; — opp. to free. — ». A raquiaite ; an essential ; —
used chiefly in M.
He-carii-ta'ri-ail (nt-s8s-sT-trrT-an), a. Pert, to the
doctrine of philosopliicai necessity, esp. as to the actings
of the will. — n. One who holds this doctrine.
He-caa'li-tatt (-tSt), v. t. 1. To make necessary, in-
dispensable, or unavoidable. 2. To force ; to compel.
He-caa'n-tOlia (-tQs). a. l. Very needy ; pressed with
poverty. 2. Narrow ; destitute ; pinching ; pinched. —
He-caa'ii-toiia-ly, adv. — Ha-ooafii-t
He-caa'id-ty, n. [L. necenitaa.} 1. The being neces-
sary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite. 2. The being
needy or necessitous ; want. 3. That which is necessary ;
something indispensable. 4. That which makes an event
unavoidable; compulsion; fate; fatality.
Syn.— SeeNxBO.
Haok (nSk), n. [AS. hneeca.'\ 1. Part of an animal
connecting head and trunk. 2. Long slender part of a ves-
sel or a fruit ; narrow tract of land joining larger tracts.
Haok'cloUl' (-kl9th0« n. Band worn around the neck.
Haortr-olilaf (-Sr-chtf), n. [For neck kerehit^.} A
kercliief for the neck. raroond the neck. L
Heoklace (-Its ; 2), n. String of beads, etc., wom|
Heoktla^ (-tiO« "• ^ scarf, band, or kerchief, passing
around the neck or collar and fastened in front.
He-ord'O-Ky (n#-kr51^-jj^), n. [Or. vtitpAt a dead per-
son + -iogy^ An account of deaths, or of the deisd ;
register of deaths ; collection of obituary notices. — Ha-
orol'o-giat, n. — Heo'ro-lOffiO-al (nSk'r«-15j^-kal), a.
Heo'io-mail'oy (nSk'rft-mSn'sj^), n. [h. necromantia.
Or. fCfcpofuLatn-ctiai; vcKpd« dead body -f /uMyrria divination. J
The revejkliug future events by pretended communication
with the dead ; magic in general ; conjuration ; enchant-
ment. —Heo'VO-man'OSr, n. — Heo^ro-mantlo, a.
He-oroph'a-gOlia (nt-krSf'A-gHs), a. [Or. KCKpo<^^lyoc ;
ycKp^ -f ^ctvciv to ear.1 Pert, to ne-
crophagans, oeetles which eat carrion.
— HaHnroph'a>Kaii, n. & n.
H©-crop'0-lla(-kr5p'6-lTs),n. [Or.
f cfcptfiroAtc ; yeicp<k -f- s^AiC city.] A city
Of tiie dead ; cemetery ; graveyard.
HeoOar (n^'tSr), n. [Or. Wirrap.]
1. Fabled drink of the gods; delicious
beverage. 2. Secretion of blossoms from
which l)e<>s make honev. — Hoc'tar-
ona (-nB),Heo-ta^e-al(-ta'ri-ai),Heo-
U're-an (-^n), Heo-ta're-<raa (-Qs), n. Neerophsffun (K^
Hec'tar-ine (n»k't8r-Tn), ». [P.]
A «roooth-8kinned peach.
'OnhngH* «
fr). Nat. I
Heo'ta-ry (-ti-i-y), n. The part of a blossom which
8erret«>s nert^r.
II H6e (nft), p. p. . fern. [F. , fr. L. naia^ fem. of natus,
p. p. of nojrct to oe bom.] Bom ; —maiden name of a
married woman ; as, Madame de Sta^, nie Necker.
Heed (nS<1), fi. [AS. n^Ad, n|kl.] 1. A state requiring
relief. 2. Poverty : deittitntion. —v. I. ft i. To lack.
Syn. — Nbsd ; Nbcbisitt ; exigency ; mnergency ;
ffrn, xec«nt, 6rb, r^da, f ^ flm, f <rod, f tfbt, oat, oilt ohalr, 901 aiMk^ Ink, tiMB, ttila.
NEEDFUL
378
NEREIS
■tnit; extremity; dUtreas; deatitiition ; poverty ; indi-
senoe ; want ; penary. - Nectiunty ia etronger than need;
It placea ua under poiitive coiupulsiou ; - ao alao with the
corresponding adjectivea, nevesjtitous and needy.
Headllll (uSd'fvl), a, Neceaaar/ for aupply or relief ;
reouiaite. — Hoodtnl-ly, adv. — Headfld-IMHI, n.
Voodl-ly (-T-iy), adv. In a needy condition.
Weadl-neit »• The being needy ; poverty.
HM'dleCuS'dn),n. [A8.fiJkM.] 1. SmaU pointed in-
■trument, with an eye to receive a thread, — uaed in aew-
inff. 2. A magnetised bar in a compaaa. 3. A wire uaed
inlmltting ; hook for netting, knitting, or crocheting. 4.
One of theneedle-ahaped aecondary leavea of pine treea.
Kaadla con, firearm loaded at the breech with a cartridge
exploded by driving a needle into it.
Ute'fllt-raltn. Aa much thread aa is uaed in a needle
at onetime.
HMdlatfl (nSdlSa), a. 1. Not wanted ; unneceaaary.
2. Gauaeleaa.— HeadOtM-ly, adv.— MeadleM-IIMS, fi.
HM'dle-WOm'aa (n8'da-wd6m^an), n. A aeamatreaa.
HM'dle-WOlk' (-wiirkO, n. Work executed with a
needle : aewing ; embroidery ; buaineaa of a aeamatreaa.
■•6U (dmx), adv, [Orig. gen. of need^ uaed aa an
adverb. See-a.adv.sufr.l Of neceaaity; iiidiapenaabiy.
Sead^ (ned'y), a. Very poor ; indigent ; neceaaitoua.
H«'tr (nSr or ntr)» adv. Contr. of Nxvkr.
He-fa'ri-Olll (n«-ta'rT-tta), a. [L. nefaritu. fr. nefax
crime ; ne not -)- /«* divine hiw.j Wicked in the ex-
treme ; detestably vile. — Me-fall-oiUi-lT. adr.
Syn. — Heinoua ; atrocioua ; inlamoua. 8ee IxiQcrrrous.
H&jpi'llon (-gi'ahfin), n. [L. negatio^ fr. negnre to
deny. J A denying; decUration that aometliing is not,
haa not been, or will not be ; — opp. of aMrmation.
Hag'a-ttTO (uSg'A-tIv), a. [L. negahrujf, fr. negate.}
1. Denying ; — opp. to affirmative. 2. Not poaitlve ; in-
direct; privative. 3. Pert, to a photographic picture,
in which the lighta and ahadea of the original, and the
relatione of right and left, are reveraed. 4. In chemiatry,
metalloid ; uonmetallic ; — opp. to positive or basic. —
n. 1. A proposition by which aomething ia denied or
forbidden ; contradictory term or conception. 2. A word
used in denial ; aa, not^ no. 3. Refusal of aaaent ; veto.
4. A negative picture in photography, uaed for producing
photographa by the Bun*a light paaeing through it and act-
ing upon aensitixed paper, producing on the paper a posi-
tive picture. 6. Negative plate of a voltaic or electrolytic
cell.— r. t. 1. To disprove. 2. To reject by vote ; to rmuse
to sanction. 3. To cotuiteract. — If •g'a-tlTe-iy, adr.
Heg -leot' (-IgktO, r. t. [L. negllgere, -lectum.'] 1. To
suffer to paaa unimproved, unheeded, undone, etc. ; to
omit. 2. To omit to treat with attention or respect
Syn. — To overlook ; diaregard ; contemn. See Slight.
— n. 1. Omiaaion of proper attention ; culpable diare-
gard. 2. Omiaaion of attention or civilities. 3. Habitual
carelessness. 4. The being disregarded or neglected.
Syn. — Inattention ; disregard. See NnuourcB.
Heg-loctfnl (-fyl), a. Full of neglect ; careleaa ; neg-
ligent ; inattentive. — Htff-lOCttul-ly, adv.
M^gm-f^ (nSg/lT-ihr ; F. nt'glPzhV), n. [F. nf-
gligiy fr. nfgliger to neglect, L. negligere.'] An easy, un-
ceremonious attire ; undress ; a woman's dressing gown.
Hegli-f ence (negnT-jms), n. [F. : L. negiigentia."]
A being negligent ; neglect ; carelessness.
Syn. — NioLioKifCB : Neolbct; inattention; heedless-
ness ; disregard ; slight. - As now- generally used, neffli-
gence is the habit, and netjlcrt the act, of leaving things
unattended to. We are uroli'jent as a general trait of
character ; we are guilty of neglect in particular cases.
HegOi-gant, n. [F. nfgligent, L.. negligens.} Apt
to neglect ; culpably careless. — Nef^-gont-ly, adv.
Syn. — Garelesa ; heedless ; neglectful ; remiss.
Ve-ffom-A-bto (nf -gS'shT-A-bn or -shA-bH ), a. Capable
of being negotiate^ . ; transferable by assignment or in-
dorsement to another person. — Ne-|K(ytl-*-1lll1-ty, n.
Ve-fO'tl-At* (-shT-at), V. i. & t. [L. negotiaH, -alus.
fr. negotium business.] Jt To bargain or trade. 2. To
hold interoourae about <« treaty, league, conventioa, or
commerce. 3. To sell ; to pass. -^ V«-gO^-«'tar, i*.
H«-ClKtl-«niOll (^T-i'shfin), n. 1. A negotiating ; a
treating about sale, purchaae, etc 2. Transaction of
business between nations ; intercoune of govemmenU by
di^omatic agents, in making treaties, oompaota, etc
■•^inM (nS'grBs), n. [Cf . F. nigreue^ fern, of nigr^
UMTC J A female negro.
■•^gro (-gr6), n. [Sp. or ^., fr. negro black, L.
niger.j A black man ; one of a race of very dark persona
who inhabit tropical Africa; one of unmixed African
blood, wherever found. ^ a. Pert, to negroes ; Uack.
He'glU (-glis), n. Drink containing wine, water, augar,
nutmeg, and lemon Juice ;— devised by Colonel Segtu,
H«lgll (ni), V. i. [AS. hnSgan.] To utter the cry of
the horse. — n. Cry of a horse ; whinny.
HelgliaMr (n£a)#r), n. [AS. neAhgebOr; neAh nigh
+ grbur dweller ; akin to O. nachbar. ] [Spelt also neigl^
bour.'i 1. One living near another. 2. One entitled to
neighborly kindness. — a. Near ; adjoinhig ; next.— r. t
To be near to.
HelChOMr-llOOd (-hd6d), ». [Written also nW^AdoKr-
hood.'\ 1. The being a neighbor ; proximity. 2. Aplaoe
near ; vlcmity. 3. rersous living near each other.
Syn.- NnoHBOEROOD ; y?ciKmr ; vicinage ; proximity.
— Aetfj/iborhood is Anglo-Saxon, and victni/g ia Latin.
Virfnity does not denote so close a connection as nrii,h'
borhood. A neighborhood Is a more immediate rictnt/y.
MalcliaMr-ly, a. [Also neisrA^OMrly.] Appropriate to
neighbors ; social ; friendly.— adv. In a friendly maimer.
Mthor (nS'th^r or ni'-), a. [AS. nateSer^ noAir*-
ifer ; na never, not -|- htcmSer whether.] Not either ; not
the one or the other. ^ eonj. Not either ; — generally
used to introduce the first of two or more coordinate
clauses of which those that follow b^rin with nor,
Ne-Ol'O-Clm (nS-QK6-JTs'm), n. X Introduction of
new words ; use of old words in new senses. 2. New ex-
pression. 3. New doctrine; rationalism.~He-«l'0-CiSt
(-jT t), n. -He^Ol-C-glStlo (•jTs'tTk), -gtetllHa. a.
He-Ol'0-cy(-jy),n. iyeO'-^4ogy.] 1. Introduction of
new words or meanings hito a language. 2. New doctrine ;
rationalism. — He^o-loTlo (-A-lBfTk), M«'o4ogio^, a.
Ne'O-Itliyt* (nS^-fit), n. [Or. vco^vret, prop., newhr
Slanted ; yrot new -f 4nn6t grown, ir. 4^6w to grow.j
. New convert or proselyte. 2. Novice ; tyro ; beginner.
Ha'O-tcr^ (-tSr^c), ) a. [Gr.rtwr«Auc^,fr.MMTcpo«,
H^'O-tarllHdC-T-kal), ) compar. of yvov.] Modem.
He-peBtll6 (-pSn^i), n. [Or. nprcr^ removing sor-
row ; Kir- not -f wdvOos grief.] A drug used anciently to
give relief from pain and sorrow ; anything soothing.
Ntph'ew (nSfd ; in Engl. uSvtl), n. [F. neveiL, L.
nepos ; akin to AS. n^a kinsman.] The son of a brother
or a sister.
HO-pllrttno (nt-frTtntk). a. [Or. M^ruc^, fr. rs^p^
a kidney.] 1. Pert, to the kidneys or uriniuy organs ;
rer V 2 fr-^ ^- ^ " -^"adiseaseofthekidneya. (b)
Rf.,. vHik i n^-i<: ineys; affecting the kidnqra.
— »- Mr-^iJH iLiL- ? of the kidneys.
Nep^o-tlun u ), n. [L. nfpot, nepoMt,
nej>hi'w.] L'ljiiL.tr ,H..,.T.ijiui'>nt to relations; favoritism
to ii.tiiiii)f>ni or mip't, rHtiiLij.— Htp'o-tist,!*.— Ho-potie
(n^p!S['Tk>, fl,
Hep'ttuia^tilEr't^^i'^-^^ ]X. ^>p/>mtiii.] 1. The fabled
go<l of iW Nf^L. 2. 1'be remotest known planet, about
2,7T:*,itN^ixH) niilr* fmiii ihp sun.
Nop '"'rr! ij\' ►-'■■r ■m,\ o. L Pert, to the ocean or
se^k. «.. «^..u^ov H.««£ ur aqueous solution.
He'ra-ld (nS'r^-fd), «. [Or. Ni|pc£c, Niynytc, 4Sof, a
daughter of Nerens, an ancient sea god.] 1. A fahted
sea nymph. 2. A Nereia.
llN(l'M4i(nS'rl.Tsornl.r8nrs),n. [L.] L A Nereid.
2. A genus of nuurine worms, having antennas, four pain
of tentacles, and hooked jaws.
i^ »l I, i^ a, lonf ; a, fi, 1, 5, «, ti ■bort ; senate, «vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, oAre, arm, Ask, jin^ aiMil,
NERVE
379
NEXT
M0KW9 (qStt)* n. [L. fMTVtM, Or. vrvpor.] 1. Oue of
ttie elaitic bundles ox fibers which transmit nervous im-
polaee between nerve centers snd various pvts of the an-
unal body. 2. A sinew or tendon. 3. Physical force ;
constitutional vigor. 4. Steadiness of mind ; self-com-
mand in dauoger or under suffering ; courage ; resolution.
6. One of ^e principal ribs of a leaf. 6. One of the
TtAxm in insects' wings. — v. t. To give vigor to.
HCTFt'laMta. *£ Destitute of nerves. 2. Weak.
HtlTftaM (-Tn), a. Acting upon the nerves ; quieting
nervous excitement. ^ u. A nervine agent.
■WOOS (-Bs), a. [L. nervosum sinewy, vigorous.]
1. Posaessinff nerve; strong. 2. Possessing vigor of
mind; forciUe. 3. Pert, to the nerves; seated in the
nerves. 4. Having tlie nerves weak, diseased, or easily
excited ; easily agitated or annoyed. 6. Sensitive ; excit-
able ; timid. — ■•rv'onfl-ly, adv. — Herv'oiw-iiMS) ».
■M'oliBM (nSsh'ens), n. [L. nescifntia ; ne not -f-
jtctre to know.] Ignorance ; agnosticism.
■tSt (nSst), n. [A& ; aUn to O. nest, L. nidtu ; prob.
tr. root of B. «i/.] 1. Receptacle prepared by a biitl for
holding her eggs and young. 2. Place in wliich eggs of in-
sects, turtles, etc., are laid and hatched. 3. A cosy res-
idence or haunt. 4. A collection of boxes, cases, etc., of
mduatad sixe, each put within the one next larger. — r. i.
To build and occupy a nest. » v. t. To form a nest for.
Hssk sgf , egK left in the nest to prevent the hen's forsak-
ing it ; something laid up toward a collection.
V«i'tl«(n88"n,v.t. [AS. ne<//ian.] To lie close and
•nug, as a bird in her nest ; to shelter. — r. t. 1. To
house, as in a nest. 2. To cherish, as a bird her young.
HM'tllaC (nBsHTng), n. A vouug bfard which has not
abandoned the nest. ^ a. Newly hatched.
V«t (nSt), n. [AS. ; akin to D. net.\ 1. Fabric of
twine, etc, wrought into meshes, for catching fish, birds,
etc 2. Anything designed to entrap; a snare. 3. Any-
thing woven in meshes. — r. /. 1. To make into a net.
2. To take in a net ; to capture by stratagem. 3. To
cover with a net. —v.i. To form network ; to knit.
Htt, a. [F. See Nbat, clean.] Not including super-
flnoos or foreign matter ; free from cliarges, deductions,
etc [Less properly written ne//.] — f> /• To produce
or gain as clear profit.
WCth'tr (nS^'Sr), a. [AS. nt^ero.] Situated down
or below ; lying beneath ; lower ; under ; — opp. to upper.
Hvtk'eir-mOSt' (-mSst^), a. [AS. niiiemeM.'\ Lowest.
Hefting (p«tnTng), n. 1. A making nets, network,
or meshes. 2. A piece of network.
H«ttl« (nSft'l), n. [AS. netele.'\ A plant covered
with sharp hairs containing a poison that produces a
stinging sensation. — r. /. To fret or sting ; to vex.
Vsttle rash, an eruptive disease resemblii^ the effects of
whipping with nettles. — 8sa aattls, a medusa or jellyfish.
■•f WOfk' (-wilrkO, ». A fabric of crossed threads,
cords, or wires, secured at the crossings, with spaces or
meshes between them.
H«11-nl'gl-« (ntt-riQ'jT-i), n. [NL., fr. Gr. vtvpov
nerve -f- oAyoc pain.] Acute pain in the nerves. — Mea-
fir0O(-JTt),a. *^
■Sn-rai'O-gy (-r5l'«.jy), n. iXeuro- + -iogy.-] Sci-
ence of the nervous system.— Hoa-rol'O-g^, n.
DHoa'ktm (-r9n), ». [NL., fr. Or. i^svpor.] The
brain and spinal cord ; the cerebro-spinal axis.
S«ii-ropltr
(-r5p't8r), n. _
OneoftbeNeo- r,
roptera.
to-raGtt-rl),
n.pl. pni.,fr.
Or. vcvpor -f- _
WTvp^ w i n g. 1 One of the Nenroptera nicmti$pa mterrvgata) ;
An order of a Youne Lsnra i b Mature Larva. Both
hexapod in- enlsrsea* c Mature Insect. Nat.iize.
sects having two pairs of large, membranous, net-veined
wings. Tbey feed upon other insects, and undergo a
complete metamorphosis. The lace wing fly is an example.
— Il«il-nq/t«r-al (nft-rSp'tSr-al), H«ii-ra/t«SOai, a.
— H«ii-n^tr-An, n.
Hoa-rot1o(ntt-rBtac),a. [Or. ivvpov.] L Pert to the
nerves ; nervous. 2. Useful in disorders of the nerves.
MWktM (-tSr), a. [L., fr. ne not + t*ter whether.]
1. (a) Having a grammatical form belonging to words not
appellations of males or females ; dMignating that which
is of neither sex. (6) Intransitive ; as, a neuter verb. 2.
Having no generative organs ; sexless. ^ n. 1. One who
takes no part in a contest ; a neutral. 2. (a) A word
of the neuter gender. (6) An intransitive verb. 3. An
organism, vegetable or animal, which at maturity has
no generative organs, or but imperfectly developed ones.
MmftXt^ (-trtd), a, [L. neutralit, fr. neuter.) L Not
engaged on either side ; neuter ; indifferent. 2. Neither
good nor bad ; middling ; not decided. — n. A person or
nation taking no part in a contest between others. —
Hen^tral-ly. adv. - Noa-tnll-ty (-tnaa-ty), n.
Heatnl-lie (-tral-ix), v. t. X To render neutral.
2. To destroy the peculiar properties or opposite dis-
positions of ; to counteract. — ll«ll''timl-4-Sft'tlOII, n.
Her'ar (u6v^r), adv. [AS. nM/re ; ne not, no -f ^re
ever.] 1. Not ever; at no time. 2. In no degree; not.
NOT'er-moi^ (-mSr^), adv. Never again.
Hev^tr-the-leM' (-th«-188'), adv. or eonj. INever -f-
the -f- f^^'X Not the less ; notwithstanding ; yet.
Srn. — However ; at least ; yet ; still. See Howavsa.
llew (nu)« a. [AS. niwe, neowe ; akin to L. novu*,
Gr. v4ot.A 1. Having existed but a short time ; of late
origin ; fresh ; modem ; — opp. to old. 2. Not before
seen or known ; lately discovered. 3. Newly b^inning
or recurring ; different from what has been. C As if
lately made ; having original freshness ; changed for the
better ; renovated ; untried ; unspent. 6. Not familiar ;
unaccustomed.— otfr. Newly ; recently. — - HeWly, adv.
— HeWneM (-nSs), n.
Byn. — Novel ; recent ; fresh ; modem. See Novsl.
Hew'ol (nu'Sl), n. [OF. mmI, fr. L. nucalis like a nut,
fr. mue, nucis, nut] The upright post umimw^rik
about which the steps of a circular jMW- ^
staircase wind ; post at the foot of a // 'isf^
staircase, or at the landings. ' -^
Hewtan'Clad (-fSs'g'ld), a. 1. New-
made ; formed with affectation of nov-
elty. 2. Disposed to change ; inclined
to novelties ; given to new fashions.
HewfODlld-laild' (-fOnd-lindO, n.
1. An island on the coast of British
North America. 2. A Newfoundhmd
dog, a large dog, with shasgy hair, :
noted for intelligence, docUlty, and
swimming powers.
Hows (nuz), n. [Fr. netr. News is |
plural in form, but commonly used
with a singular verb.] 1. A report of
recent occurrences, or of something
before unknown ; recent inteUigence.
strange or newly happened.
Hewsfmon'CW (-mfiiygSr), n. One who deals in
news ; one active in hearing and telling news.
HoWB^'per (-pi'pSr), n. A public print that circu-
lates news, advertisements, etc.
Hewt (nut), n. [OE. etr/, evete, AS. e/eU, with n
prefixed, an etct being understood as a newt. Gf. Err.]
A small aquatic salamander.
WeW-ytar' (nu'ySr'), a. Pert, to, or suiUble for,
the commencement of the year.
How' Toar^S' day' (ySrs^ diO. The 1st day of Jan-
uary ; — colloq. abbr. New Yearns or New Year.
Ifozt (nSkst), a., superl. of Nior. [AS. nehst.niShst,
nghsty superl. of neAh nigh.] 1. Nearest In place ; hav-
Newet at Bottom
of Stairca«e.
2. Something
fSm, raoont, 6rb, ryda, f^ Qm, food, fc^t, ont, oil, cliair, go, sing, igk, tbaa, tliin.
NGINA
380
NINETIETH
lag no dmUar ol4«ct intenrening. 2. Nearest in tiuie.
8. Immediately preceding or following in order. 4.
Meereet in degree, qoality, rank, right, or relation.—
adv. In the tixne, pUoe, or order immMlii^y succeeding.
II HgllUI (n'gS'iii), n. [Native naine.] The gorilla.
■lb (nib), n. [A variant of neb."] 1. A point ; prong.
8. BUI or beak of a bird ; neb. 3. The pomto of a pen.
4. One of the handles projecting from a scythe snath. »
V. /. To famish with a nib ; to mend the point of.
MlbOd* (nTba>'l), V, t. &i, [Cf. Nip.] To bite by
little at a time ; to eat slowly or in small bits. — n. A
uiull OT cautious bitf. — HlVblOT. "
WlO* (iji*), 4r. [OP., l^hiTsut, tool, It. L r.r^.w . ^t'.
nonui t- ] 1. Orer-K'nipiiJoiii or e;ifK<t I dk t li i r ■ 1 1 j ■ | I ► ■ .+ -* ■.
3. Di^Ucatu; dAlnty ; ptir«, 3. Ai>pr«liuniii:tit; <.T4|^Mtd
distibctlolii ; diAUnfrdJji.hlng iDlniitely. A- U^m*^ with
cartirut labor ; fliie ; cxat^ijy ctikrHiuhuit^l. &- riH4aij>K ;
good . [ Cat/wj . ) ' WlMar; «d r. - ItltM'lieAS, M
Syn,'— Dainty ; M« ; #iKct; piinrtilioiis : f:4:4ti(ltoiij>i.
WV0«n9 (ut'iiSii ftr nt-49iir), n, iVrt. to \ir<, h t.y^Vk
of Asia Mitior, or to ttie pcuiDeDirid cnuneiJ iivhi thi-re,
HlcHts Cmd^ H ■Tioam-nry of Chrisliui fa^ith, Mopted by
thB Council of Nicpt JigiLust AriiiilftiDH A* D, J2y.
Itl'Ofrty Oil'p*-i5)Hrt. [Or nir^-ee fi>oli3]iiin«B ] 1. A
belMi! tik^^. 3. L»Lllcjw?y of porci^ptiou; iBiniit** .Tllsrriiii-
instiun ; pnHiHlozL 1. A d^llcnttj sHLt. dUtlni:tiu«i, etc.
Hlell* triYch), fi, [F., fr. U. nitrhin
sh^ll-llkB T«ce8B In is will, tr. nicrhio
shflin^h, fr, L. mytihu.l A recfiM iJi a
waJU for s ptatiU', tuidt, fltc.
»lok(n!h), w. [Akii. to NtmnrO L
Notcf) cut into sombthlug ; broken or in-
dented pl4» in any ^k» <3V »ur(a<-^, 9.
A partlfuUr point or pinctt ; eEsrt polut
offjriUcAl momf^nt.— K /. 1. To niKka
iiickfl In ; to notcti. 9> Ta def sf e ; to
iBAke ragffrd. 3. To suit or fit into ; to
tjilly witS. 4. To m ill tUs nick j to
strike si the precise poliit or tJui«.
■lck'«if«ik'H)>«. [G., tr. Pw,l I.
A bright silvi^r-white uii't&llic ^li-iiifiit,
o[ tba Iroti group, hiTd^ iiianr!ibl?i faid
dwctilr. 2. CoLncontatnlni; nirke|;eAp., jfl^T^c^ v^^l^ j^f,
a flTe-(]ent pit*ce. [Cfflioq. U, t^.l chii*cii*m] Vam.
iriiife'iimOfeMti^'Kn. KnU'kUu'k.
MitkfTtMia^ ( -tiitu'' )f a. [OE, tieunmt suii>ai>iif, lifru e
A nicknAULc^ ^;ii ffrfw/im* beliiR umi^ratjujii sf^ fr H#'<-'«'Ptri'^.
See Eta, ajul Njure.] A tiatna given In iJe^rlaiiitiot itMJti.
ive fstnlliartty. — r. ^. To csJl by a EdckoaiiMi,
lIltt'lk-tillB fiitic^'ttn or -l?n>, n. [¥., tr AVro/, wbo
flrfit IntruiUirHil t{»Ha*'co Itito Frrint?*'^ a. D. lif!*!.] An
nlkulold wliif Ji kji t]»tf iirtivf priTii-Jia** 4if tt>tHfcLViK
niO'Utfl t- 1* 1 1 . NiC'tl tale ( -tT -tSt K f . i ^ [ t.^ n irfa rr,
htra mA To w i 1 1 ic. — Hlo t*'tton . Hk U-tA tkn. w .
IDdTfl-dfttQ itjTaT^fT-Vrat >, r. i. [L. niiUjii'Hrf, v^f-
/«ni ; nstfus + -fcffrr (In c^inp,) lo iniilt*!.] Ti.> liiMki* a
n(«^{it. - ma lU-oA'tliia, R.
I! ni'dni ( 11 iMfift L 1 . [ L. 1 A ai*i»t ; rrp : 'Itory fo r t ] ke
irieoe ( nSii), u, r i^- ni>rf^ LL. nrpiui, nkiti l„ L, Hf^^fj^.
Bei' NEniHW.J llAOijIttpr oj rme^A brc^ttii>r or atst^T.
mv'raid (iiT^'K^rd)* n. [lotl. Aw;^iii7r.] Ouo meanly
covftoiiri ; A 111 Inter. —^r. Piikr*iniAniirT.iift ^ nlSnpy-
iTlg'g'AFd-ly > *y . M i':'jTi 1 V a ^ It ri r^l . mt» : ii i i7Er«rd. ^ J7rf f-.
In 4 nlg^^ril iikiinxi^r. - Iflc'jfard U-!intB> *i^
i»rik . ^ Pejiu riou« ; iwrn J id { stin^jiy . &]« A S' 4 airifiiTit
Iflg^giffT t'^H''")* "■ A n^irro ; ^ In ^ilnmr depr^'riivt ji lu.
tflfh fnO, o- l^C&mp'ir, NzouER (-?(■); t^np^l, Nhjh-
tST.or ^«XT(nincAt).} [Afl. »("^i/i,»i^ft.] 1. X^t di^ujit
in piftr*:' or timo; uenr. 2. Not re mot j; hi i:Jefip«s*^, kin-
dred, c'imiiTistsnrps, ct^. : cioNity aJlird. >— /Jt/r. L In
a sitiijiiion m-ir In plv^ or timr, op in tlir course of
ewntA, 3- Almost ; miirly. -^prfft. Near t<i.
Srni- — Near; cbise ; sdj:icien{; cantif^uouM ; pTmunnt
t mght (nit), n. [AS. neaM, niht ; akfn to D. A 0.
naclU^ L. not, nocti*. Or. rv^, wnm.] 1. That psot of
the day wlien tlie sun is beneath tUe horiaon ; time from
I sunset to aunrise. S. (a) Darkness ; obacurity. (6)
j Ignorance, (e) Affliction ; adversity. ((/) DeiOh.
Klfht ksy. a key for unfaatenlnz a night latch. — mfkt
{ latch, a latch for a door, opf^rsted frtHn the ontaide by a
I ke^ Kljibt »Ll. Ininuiin r\^ mment, which is collected
' by T'ibfnC ».nd inrrii-^l a^L»> i.r manure. — IHgkft walker.
I (a) iiitf mlio¥ialkp» in ]i\n »\v¥i) ; aomnambuliatT (6) One
I VI I. u>-\na About m thr: ui^M tor evil purpoaea; a proati*
tui. i^liu Willies tin" fttreets. - *lght watch, (a) A period
I in t h H h L^ ] tt . mn^rked b^ tl t^ r 1 1 .mge of watch, (b) A guard
to;t11(>r<! i-mtiTtidiJ In tlie irtL'lit
I NL&hrcar (IcAF''^' >^' JT A cap worn in bed or in
, mi^lTev^ 2. A priiionot #pimdrunkstbedtime. ICtaU]
NlghtlAlI (ful \. n. Til*" close of the day.
night' gown i -Koiiu'^J, ft. k loose gown used for mn-
dn"H« : a ^^li^i^jiiii); li^ancieut*
Hlghrtngale ('Iii'^ai). » [AS. nihtegnle; nihi -\-
gafim t«> i^^ii^^.] A Fam^T^*^*!!^ ^ira which sings at night.
NigbtlyT '^'^ Ptrt. t/> tb<" night, or to every night;
ha] '}-n' 1 1 i rui «v rrj n ight. — ac/ 1 . At night ; every night.
nigm'iaarfi^ V-tntr'hn. [ .^ ;^A/ -f AS. maro iucuMia.]
Seji-.iu.iii iij ,,]*.HMi- u*j wfittht on the chest or stomach,
iinpi'-sihihty o: !■ -1 .ii ur xj^^ech, etc.), usually caoaed
by digestive or nervous troubles ; incubus.
Hlf llt'llUlda' (-shidO, n. [AS. nikttcadu,-] A Vm^
branching weed with small white flowers and black globo*
lar berries reputed to be poisonous.
Hisllt'Blllrt' (-shirV)^. n. A man's nightgown.
II irnill (niOiTl), n. [L.! Nothing.
HillU-Ism (-Ts'm), n. \l. niAtfJ 1. NothingneM ;
niliillty. 2. Doctrine that nothing can be known ; akep*
ticism as to all reality. 3. Theories of NihilisU.
Hildl-ist, n. 1. One who believes that nothing can
be known, or asserted to exist. 3. A member of a secret
political association devoted to the destruction of the
present political, religious, and social institutions.
Hi-bOl-ty (hTlT.^), n. Nothingneaa.
mi (nil), n. & a. lU, contr. of nihil.} NoCUng ; of
no account ; worthless.
HlmOd* (nlmO)*!), a. [OE. n^fn^f, prob. orig., qnkk
at seising, fr. nimen to take, AS. niman,! light in mo>
tion ; liv^. — Hlmtle-ntM, M. — Hlm^r, arfr.
Syn. — Agile; quick; active: brisk; lively: prompt
Vlm-lKNM' (bSs'), a. [L. nimbotut, f r. nimbuM cloud.]
Cloudy; stormy; tempestuous.
HlmnHu (-bISs), n. [L., a rain storm, rafai cloud,
cloud-shaped splendor enveloping the gods when they
appeared on earth.] 1. A circle or disk of radiant light
around the heads of divinities, saints, and sovereigns,
upon medals, pictures, etc. ; a halo. 2. A rain doud.
Hln'OOm-poop (nTnOcSm-pSop), n. [Corrup. of ncn
eompos.'] A fool ; stupid person. [Lovl
mil* (nba), a* [AS. nigtm^ nigan; akin to O. n^tm,
L. noT-<*m, Or. iwia.'] Eight and one more ; one less
tiian ten. — n. 1. Tlie number greater than eight bv a
unit ; nine units or objects. 2. A symbol wpreaenting
nine units, as 9 or ix.
Nlne'pilUl (-pTuz), n. pL A game in which a wooden
ball is bowled at nine pins set on end.
Nlne^OMl' (-tSnO, a. [AS. m'pon/^.] Nine and ten;
one less than twenty, ^n. 1. Number greater than
eiKbteen by a unit ; sum of ten and nine ; nmeteen units.
2. A syTnbol for nineteen units, as 19 or xix.
NllM^OMltb' (-tSnthO, a, [AS. nigonteSStu^ L Fol-
lowing the eighteenth and preceding the twentieth.
2. CouAtitutiug one of nineteen equal parte. ^«. 1.
Quotient of a unit divided by nineteen ; one of nineteen
equal p^irts. 2. Tlie next aft<*r the eifrhteenth.
Mlna'tl-^Ul (-tT-fith), a. 1. Next after the eighty-ninth.
2. Constituting ninety equal parts. ^ n. 1. The quotient
of a unit divided by ninety ; one of ninety equm parta.
2. Tlie next after the eighty-ninth.
K, S, 1, 9, a, long ; ft, 6, 1, tt, A, j^, short ; senAte, event, tdea, 6bey, Unite, c&re, lirm, Ask, nil, flnoL
NINETY
381
NOISOMENESS
J (oln^)* 0- ^to« tta»« *«» » •Ighty-nine and
one mor0.-»M. L The turn of nine times ten; the
Bomber next greeter tlun eighty-nine ; ninety unite.
%, A tymbol repreeenting ninety uuiti>, am 90 or xc.
Miahaef (nl^y), nTlQl. it. nitino bftby.] * "
feT (ninth); d. [AS. nigoSa.']
^8^th end preceding the tenth ; com*
lii« after eight otliers. 2. Constituting
one of nine equal parts. — A. 1. Qno>
tient of one diTided by nine ; one of
nine equal parts; the next after the
oighth. 2. A musical interval contain-
ing an octave and a second. Mi-At. . •«. x
jKadWijy adv. Ill the ninth place. Ntoth(Jft»>
W9 (nTp), n. [LO. & D. nippen to sip.] A sip ; small
draught of intoxicating liquor ; dram.
■»» r. /. [Gf. D. nfJFpfn, O. kneipen, kneifen^ to
pinohi cut off. J 1. To catch tightly ; to pinch. 2. To
remove hy pinching or cutting with two meeting edges ; to
dip. 3. To blast, as by frost ; to check the growth of.
^n. 1. A selling or closing in upon ; a pinching. 2. A
cutting off the end. 3. A Killing of plants by frost.
■Ip^^tn (-pSrs), n. pi, "L Small pinchers for nip-
ping, holding, breaking, or
onmng. 2. A device, in
machinery, with fingers or
Jaws for selling an object
and holdbig or conveying it.
■lpVt''( nT p' p-» 1 ), «. Cu«*»«« ^»PP«"-
[Formerly ncMe, dim. of neb.'\ 1. The protuberance
tlirough which milk Is drawn from tlie breast or mamma ;
mammilla ; teat ; p^>. 2. A small projection having an
oriSoe for dlschuging fluid, or for otlier purposes.
m'iail(ni'«in),fi. [Heb.] First month of the Jew-
iah ecclesiastical year, answering nearly to Ifarch.
R WtX (nl'sl), con;'. [L.] Unless ; if not.
Xlsi priw. unless before ; — applied to terms of court,
held by a smgle judge, with a jury, to try civil causes.
mt (nU), n. [AS. hnUu."] Egg of a louse, etc.
r i (nl't2r), n. [F. niireiT*. nitrum native soda,
Ij natron.] A white crystalline semitransparent
Mlt : potassium nitrate ; saltpeter.
SFMS (-trtt), A. [P.] A salt of nitric acid.
Ktrate oCsflver, a wliite crystalline salt, used in photog-
raphy and as a cauterising agent ; lunar caustic.
■lllto (-trTk), a. Pert, to, or containing, nitrogen.
mtrto seid, a liquid obtahied by distilling a nitrate with
•oliguric acid, powerfully corrosive.
Mim-fir (nl'trl-fT), r. <. [*V«er + -/y.] To combine
or imnre^ute with nitrogen: to convert, by oxidation,
into mtrons or nitric acid.— al^-tt-oa'tton, n.
■Itllto (nPtrit), II. A salt of nitrous (.cid.
■I'tro-btn'kMM (-tr^-bSn'zSn or -bSu-zSuO, n. A vel-
low aromatic liquid produced bv action of nitric add on
beosene, used in perfumery, and in preparing aniline.
KPtro-Sea (-jen), n. [L nitrum natron 4- -gen.'\ A
colorless gaseous nonmetallic element, tasteless and odor-
less, comprising four fifths of the atmosphere by volume.
■Ftro-sea-UO (-is), v. /. To combine, or impregnate,
with nitrogen or Its compounds. t^rogen. I
Ml-trOfVoOUl (-trOj^-nOfl), a. Like, or pert, to, nl- 1
WtlO-Klyi/ar-lll (nI-trft-glTa'8r-Tn), n. [.Vitro- -{-
f^pcerin.J A terribly explosive liquid compounded of
glycerin salts of nitric acid.
Illtnmi (-trtU), n. Like, pert, to, or containing, niter.
Hltreas oxids, laughing gas.
Ho (u9), a, [OE. no^ noui same word as E. none.] Not
any ; not one ; none. —adv. [AS. na ; ne not -f a ever.]
Nay ; not ; not at alL — n. ; p/. Nois (n5z). 1. A refusal ;
denial. 2. A negative vote ; voter in the negative.
Sob(n5b).n. [Cf. Kkob.] Tlie head. ILow]
■oil, A. [Abbr. fr. noble a One of superior social
position; nobleman. [Slang]
■obl»y, a. Stylish ; showy ; fashionable. [Slang"]
fuMlUat.l 1. Th»
87
Vo-Mil-ty (nft-bn^-ty), ». [l.
being noble ; superiority of mind or character ; ei
2. The being of high rank or noble Mrth ; patrician dig-
nity ; antiquitv of family. 3. Those who are noble ; eoL
lecti ve body of nobles or titled persons in a state ; peerage.
Hoa»le(n9a>n),a. [F. ; fr.X. noM/i«.] 1. PoasesSif
eminence, elevation, dignity, etc. ; al>ove whatever Is low
or mean. 2. Grand ; stately ; magnificent. 3. Of exalted
rank; tiighbom.^n. Anobleman; peer.— HoltlO-IIMS,n.
Syn. — Honorable ; exalted ; great ; stately ; grand.
Hollle-IIUUI, n. One of the nobility ; a peer.
Ho-bl0M' ) (u6-bies'), n. [F. nobUste.] The nobil-
Ho-bltSM') ity; persons of noble rank collectivelv.
Holtly, adv. 1. Of noble extraction. 2. In a noble
anner ; magnanimously. 3. Splendidly ; maguiflceutty.
Srn. — niustrionsly ; honoraSly ; grandly.
«0'bOd-y(nQ'b8d-j^),n. [No, tu -f body.] 1. No per-
son ; no one ; not anybody. 2. One of no importance.
Ho'OOBt (-srat), a. [L noeenSf p. pr. of noeers to
hurt. See Noxious.] Doing hurt ; hurtful ; noxious.
Hoo-Um1Ml-lAtlon(n5k-tim'btt-lS'sh&n),ii. rL.iMMr,
noctity night -f ambulare to walk.] Somnambulism;
walking hi sleep. — Hoo-tUBlm-lIlt, n.
Hoo^tnm (-tQm), n. [F. nocturne, fr. L. nochtrmu.
See NocnnucAL.] Reliffious service, by nicht.
Hoo-tnr'lUl (-tdr^nal), 0. [L. nocturwOU, nodumuSf
fr. nor, noctit. night.] 1. Pert, to the night ; — opp. to
diurnal. 2. Seeking food or moving about at night.
Mod (n5d), V. i. & t. [OB. nodden ; of. E. niMf^.]
1. To bend (the upper part) with a quick motion. 2. To
bow ; to make a motion of assent, salutation, or drowsi-
ness, with the bead. 3. To be drowsv or dull. *— n. 1. A
dropping forward of the top of anythmg. 2. Slight mo-
tion of tlie head, in assent, salutation, etc.
Hod'al (nSd'ai), a. Like, or rehoing to, a node.
Htd'dto (nSd'd'l), n. [Perh. fr. nod.] The head ; -
used jocoeely or contemptuously.
Hod'dy (-dj^), n. [Prob. fr. nod.^ L A simpleton ;
fool. 2. A sea fowl, the booby, tern, fulmar, etc.
H0d0(nSd),ii. [L.no<ftM.] 1. A knot; knob. 2. (a)
One of the two points where the orUt of a planet,or oomet,
hitersects the ecliptic (6) Joint of a stem, or part wliere
leaves are inserted. {e\ Pobit at which a curve crosses
itself, being a double point of the curve, ^^j^ ^.
-W«^40M'(n«.d5sO,W«d1l-Ur(n6d'tt. f fW
l8r;40),a.-WadO»l.ty(.d8snf-ti^),n. ^ I 1 ^
Modldo (•«!),«». [L. nodti/tM, dim. of i/
liodu*.] A rouiided mass of irregular ^^
shape ; little knot or lump. « Node (.Qtvm.y
nOf (nOg), n. A wooden block, built into a wall, as a
hold for nails. — r. /. 1. To fill hi (between scantling)
with brickwork.
Hoff'glll (-gTn), n. [Ir. noigin."] A smalt mug.
Hog'gtng (-glng), n. [Fr. no^, V. t] Rough masonry
fillinc interstices of a wooden frame. In buildinff.
Hoiae (nois), n. [F.] 1. Sound. 2. Confused or sense-
less sound ; din. 3. Loud or continuous talk ; rumor. —
V. i. To sound. — v. t. To spread by rumor or report.
Syn. — Cry ; outcry ; chunor ; din ; clatter ; uproar.
HolMlOM, a. Making no noise or bustle ; silent. —
HolMleM-ly, adv. — HomOm^-imis, n.
Holsl-ly, adv. In a noisy manner.
Nolal-ntM, A. The bemg noisy.
Nol'gome (noi'sfim), a. TFor Aoyjome, fr. noy for
annoy.1 1. Noxious to health ; unwholesome ; destruc-
tive. 2. Offensive to the smell or other senses ; disgust-
inff : fetid. — NoPgome-ly, adv. — HoI'miim-imhi, n.
Syn. — Nouomb; Noxious; unwholesome: Insalubri-
ous ; mischievous ; destructive. — Noisome and noriottt
have been interchanged ; but there is a tendency to dis-
tinguish between them, applying noxious to things that
inflict evil directly ; as, a noxious plant, noTiou* practices,
etc.. and noisome to things that operate with a remoter
influence : as, noisome vapors, a noisome pestilence, etc
Noisome has the additional sense of disgusting.
f Sm, reeont, 6rb, ryde, f ^, <lm, food, fcTot, ont, oil, cbair, go, alas, iQk, tben, thin.
NOISY
382
NOOSE
Voli^r (noix^), a. Making a noise ; boiateroua.
IIHOIO* pmi-qul (nSinf prOa^-kwI). [L., to be
unwilling to proaecute.] WiU not protecute ; — a fomuU
diacontiuuance of a prosecution.
MOm^uA (nSm'od), n, [Or. yo^«, -dL5o«, pasturing,
roaming without fixed liome, fr. voftof pasture, abode.]
One of a race liavins no fixed location, but wandering from
place to place. — lfom'a4, Ho-madlO (nd-mXdTk), a.
9l/mi&nrtHaftai (nS'men-kli'tSr), n. [L., fr. nomen
name -\- caiare to call.] 1. One who names pereons or
things. 2. Vocabulary of technical names.
Ho'BlMHda'tlire (-tdr), n. The technical namas used
in a science or art, or by any school or individual.
Hom'l-llJd (ntmiT-nal), a. [L. nominalU^ fr. nometit
nomini*.'] 1. Pert, to names; verbal. 2. Existing in
name only; not reaL*— n. 1. A verb formed from a
noun. 2. A name ; appellation.
Homl-nid-llt, n. One of a sect of philosophers who
held thatgeneral conceptions, or universals. exist in name
onlv. — mn'l-iijd-isw, a.— Homl-iud-lnii (-Tz'm), n.
■oml-lial-ly, ndv. In a nominal manner ; by name ;
in name only ; not in reality.
Homl-liatd (-nSt), V. i. [L. nominare^ -tuitum, to
nominate, fr. nofuen.] To name for office or place.
Honfl-lia'tloill, n. A naming or nominatmg ; desig-
nation of a person as a candidate for office ; power of
nominating ; state of beins nominated.
Homl-lU-ttTO (-ni-tTv), a. Oivins a name ; desig-
nating ; — said of uu^ case of a noun which stands as the
subject of a finite verb. — n. The nominative case.
Homl-lia'tflr (-ni'tSr), n. [L.] One who nominates.
Hom'i-lMe' (-I-nS'), n. One named to any office or
position ; one proposed for office or election to office.
HoiFACe (nontj), n. IPret. rum- -^ age.) Time of life
before one becomes of age ; legal Immaturity ; minority.
Hon'a-Ce-na'rl-All (-i-jS-ni'rT-an), n. [L nonagena-
rius consisting of ninety, f r. nonagtni ninety each ; akin
to novem nine.] One ninety years old.
Hon'A-flQll (-g5n), n. [L nontw ninth -f- Gr. ywria
angle.] A figure having nine sides and nine angles.
■on^at-tand'anot (-It-tSnd'ons), n. A failure to at-
tend ; omission of attendance ; nonappearance.
■OBOa (nSns), n. [OR. for the non««, corrup. of for
thenone«. SeeOxcB.] Single occasion; present purpose.
II Hoil'oluaanr (nOH'shVl&N^), a. [F., fr. turn not
CL. non) -\- ehaloir to concern one's self for, fr. L. ca-
Ure to be warm, to be troubled.] Indifferent ; careless ;
cool. — II Hon'olialaiioe' (-imns'), n.
■on'OOm-mla'akMiad (uSn^kom-mTshtind), a. Kot
having a commission.
HeBoonmisslflMd oOcsr, a subordinate officer not ap-
pointed by a commission from the chief executive, but
by the Secretary of War or commander of the regiment
HoB'OOni-lllittal (-mif tal), n. A not being pledged ;
refusal to commit one's self. Also used adjectively.
II Hon OOm'poa (kSm'pSs). \ [L.] Not of
II Hon OOm'poa man'tia (mSn'tTs). ( sound mhad ; as
a noun, an idiot ; a lunatic ; one devoid of reason.
Hon'oan-OUr' (-k5n-kQr'), v. i. To dissent or refuse
to concur. — Non^oon-ourTwioa, n.
Hon'OOn-dnot'or (-dOk'tSr), n. A substance which
does not conduct or transmit heat, electricity, sound,
Tibration, etc. ; an insulator.
Hon-OOn-fonal-ty (-fOrml-ty), n. Neglect or failure
of conformity; in England, refusal to unite with the
established ohurch. — Hon'oon-fonnlat, n.
HOB'da-ttOrlpt (-d^skrTpt), a. Not hitherto described :
odd ; abnormal ; unclasaJfiable. ^n. A thing of which «.o
explanation has been given ; something hardly classifiable.
nona (nlin), a. & pron. [AS. naitt fr. ne not -f dn
one.] 1. No one ; not one ; not anything ; — frequently
used partitively, or as a plural, not anv. 2. No ; not
any ;— used adjectively before a vowel, in old style.
Hon-antl-ty (n8n4n'tT-t7), A. !• Voneslstanoa ;
negation of being. 2. A thing not existing. 3. A por-
•on or thing of little or no account. iCottoq.']
Honaa (u5ni), n. pi. [L. lumae the ninth day beforo
the ides, fr. nanus ninth, fr. ntwem nine.] 1. In iba
Roman calendar, the 5th day of January, February,
April, June, August, September, November, and I>e-
cember, and the 7th day of other months. 2. [F.] The
canoniod office, recited at noon (formerly at the ninth
hour, 3 p. M.) in the Roman Catholic Church.
HoB'aa^enllal (nSn^Ss-sfiu'shal), a. Not aeaentlal
— N. A thing not essential.
Hoao'8Q0ll'(nfin'siich0,i». Something extraordinary,
or having no equaL
Hoa'aS-iat'anoa (nSn/Sgz-Tsf ens), n. 1. Absence at
existence; nonentity. 2. A thhig that has no existence.
Hon'as-lat'ant, a. Not having existence.
Hon^fnl-ttU'totnt, n. Neglect or faUure to fuUUL
Ho-nflllon (nd-nTKyOn), n. [L. nonus ninth -f -iUkm^
as in E. miilion.'} By French and American notation, a
thousand octillions, or a unit with 30 ciphers annexed ;
by English notation, a million octillions, or a unit with
64 ciphers annexed.
Hon-Jnfrlng (nSn-ju'rTng), a. [L. jurare^ jvrari^ to
swear.] Not swearing allegumce.
Hon'Ob-aarv'anoa (-Ob-sSrv'ans), n. Neglect or fail-
ure to observe or fulfill.
Hon'pa-ratI' (-p4-r610, a. [P., fr. non not -f- pareO^
L.Dar equal.] Having no equal; peerless.— n. 1. Some-
thing of nnequaled excellence. 2. A beauUf uUy colored
finch. 3. A sise of type next smaller than mtn^on and
next larger than agmte (or ruby).
^* This line is printed in the ^pe called nonpareil.
Hon-pay'mant, n. Neglect or failure to pay.
Hon'uva (nSn'plQsJ, n. [L. non not -f- plug more.]
A condition which baffles reason or confounds judgment ;
insuperable difficulty ; inability to decide; quandary.
Hon'plna' (nSn'plOs'), r. t. limp. & p. p. NoHrLtnsD
(•plttsf ) or NovpLussBO ; p. pr. & vb. n. MoKPLirsiiie or
NoNnussiHO.] Topuxzle; to stop by embarrassment.
Non-roal-dant (-rezT-drat), a. Not residing in a par-
ticular place, on one's own estate, or in one's proper place.
— n. A nonresident person. — Hoa-raat-danoa, n,
Hon'ra-alat'anoa (-rl-ilsfans), ». Principles or prse-
tice of passive obedience ; submission to authoriW or
violence without opposition. — HonTa-aist'ant, a. in.
Hon'aanaa (-sSns), n. 1. That which has no sense ;
words conveying no ideas ; abaurdity. 2. Trifles.
Syn. —Folly ; aillineas ; absurdity ; traah ; balderdash.
Hon-aan'al-oal (-sSn'sT-kol), a. Absurd; foolish.—
Hon-aan'ai-oal-ly, adr. — Hon-aan'ai-oal-nana, n.
II Hon ioq'Vl-tar(86k'wT-tnr). [L.,itdoesnotfoUow.]
An inference not following from the premises.
Hon'avlt' (nSn'sut^), n. Neslect or failure by a plain-
tiff to follow up his suit.— r. T. To adjudge or record
(a plaintiff) as havins dropped his suit, upon his failure
to follow it up. — a. Nonsuited.
Hoo'dla (ndo'd'l), n. [Gf Noodlb, Kooot.] A sam-
pletou; blockhead; ninny. [Z*oir]
Hoo'dla, n. [6. nwitf vermicelli. ]
made with eggs, and ur«d in soup.
Hook (n»k}, n. [Cf. Gael, k Ir. nttf<r.] A narrow
place between bodies ; comer ; secluded retreat.
Hoon (no5n), n. [AS. nUn^ orig., the ninth hour, fr.
L. nana (sc. bora) ninth hour, then applied to church ser-
vices {none*) at that hour.] L The middle of the day ;
midday ; time when the sun is in the meridian ; 12 o'clock
in the daytime. 2. Higliest point; culmination.— a.
Belonging to midday ; occurring at midday ; meridiooaL
Hoon'day (-daO, n. Midday ; 12 o'clock in the d^ ;
noon.— <i. Pert, to midday ; meridionaL
Hoontng, n. A rest at noon ; repast at noon.
HOOtt'ttaa" (tldO, n. [Aoon -(- tide time ; AS. nAtfU
the ninth hour.] The time of noon ; midday.
Hooia (t.*>6s or ntfOs), n. [OF. mmm, I* aadnt. Ct
i.] A strip of dough,
a«l»i0.a,l«ff|Ai#ili«it,riikifl|lMtlt»ivwli'a«. 0Mri0llH|f4r«,«ni»Aak,ta,flMri,
NOR
383
NOTHING
NoDB.] A ruimiug knot, or loop, which binds the doier
the more it in drawn.— v.<. To tie in a noose ; to insuare.
Hor(nOr),eotv'. [OE., contr. fr. no/Aer. SeeNarnaiL]
A negative particle, introducing the second member of a
necatiTe proposition, following neither ^ or not^ in the first.
■o^A (nS'rI-i), n. [8p., fr. Ar. nd''ura.] A water
wheel, turned by the action of a stream against its floats,
and raising buckets which discharge ~
water into a trough ; a Persian wheel.
HortnaCndfrni},**. [L.] l. A grin-
eiple or rule ; model ; standard. 2. A
aqnare or rule ; templet ; nuge.
Hor'toal (ndr'mal), o. [L.7tormalUf
fr. norma,} 1. According to established
rule or regular form; performing the
proper functions; analogical. 2. Ac-
cording to a geometrical square or rule ;
perpendiculjur ; forming a right angle.
«•!». A petpendicular. Nona.
Sjm. — Normal: Rbgulas; Okdivary. — RemUar hnd
ordinary are popular terms ; normal has a specific sense,
from its use in science. A thing is normal, or in its nor-
mal state, when strictly conformed to principles of its
constitution which mark its species. It is abnormal when
it departs from those principles.
Hor'HUUH, a. [F. normand, of Scand. origin. See
Nobthmah, Nobsc] Pert, to Normaudv or to the Nor-
muis. — n. An inhabitant of Normandy ; orig., one of
the Northmen who conquered Normandy in the 10th
century ; one of the mixed (Norman-French) race which
conquered England, under William the Conqueror.
HoiBd (nOrs), a. {pui. Norsk ^ fr. Nord north.] Pert,
to ancient Scaudina^ — ». The Norse laugui^;e.
Hone'IlUUI, n. A Northman.
Hoitb (ndrth), n. [A&. norS ; akin to O. , 8w. , <& Dan.
nord.l i. That one of the four cardinal pointd of the
compass, which lies in the direction of the true meridian ;
direction opposite to the south. 2. A region farther to
the north than another.— a. Lying toward the north;
proceeding toward, or coming from, the north.— v. i.
To turn or move toward the north, "^adv. Northward.
Horth'aast' (udrth'SstO* »• Point between north and
east, at an equal distance from each ; northeast region.
«>a. Pert, to the northeast ; proceeding toward, or com-
ingfrom, the northeast, ^(ufr. Toward the northeast.
Iloirtll'aast'er, ». A storm from the northeast.
Hovtfft'Aaifer-ly, a. Pert, to the northeast ; toward,
or from, the northeast, ^adv. Toward the northeast.
Hortli'MSf era, a. Northeasterly.
Horth^aMrward (-w8rd), ) adv. Toward the north-
Horth'«ast'WAid-iy, | east.
Horth'er (nOrtfa'Sr), n. A wind from the north.
jfOtll'er-ly, a. Pert, to the north ; toward the north,
or from the north ; northern, '•^adr. Toward the north.
Hortll'eni, a. [AS. norSerTie.] 1. Pert to the north ;
being in the nort^ or nearer to that point than to the
oast or west. 2. In a direction toward the north ; com-
ing from the north.
Vortll'mi-ar, n. One bom or living in the north.
Horth'ern-llUNir (-mSat^), a. Farthest north.
Vorthlng, n. 1. Distance northward from any point
of departure or of reckoning, measured on a meridian ;
— opp. to toulhing. 2. Distonce of any heavenly body
from the equator northward ; north decUnation.
Hortll'lliail (nOrth'man), n. [AS. norSman. See
KoftMAJi.] An inhabitant of the north of Europe ; one
of the ancient Scandinavians ; a Norseman.
■orth'warA, a. & adv. [AS. noriSweard.] Toward
the north. — HortllfwardB, adv.
llort]l'Wu4-ly, a. Having a northern direction. —
adv. In a northern direction.
■oitll'WSSt' (-wSstO, n. [AS. narSwest.l The pokit
between north and west, and equally distant from each ;
northwest part or region. — a. Pert, to, in the direction
of, or being in, the northwest ; toward, or coming from,
the northwest. — adv. Toward the northwest.
Horth^WMt'er, n. A storm from the northwest
Hortli'wwt'er-ly, Horth'wwt'eni, a. Toward, or
from, the northwest.
Hor-WO'gi-ail (nBr-wS'jT-an), a. [Cf. Icel. Noregr^
Non^egr^ Norway.] Pert, to Norway, its inhabitants or
language. —n. 1. A native of Norway. 2. Branch of
the Sctmdinavian language spoken iu Norway.
HOM (u5z), n. [AS. nosu; akin to O. mue, L. nana,
nare*.} 1. Part of the face containing the nostrils;
olfactory organ. 2. Power of smelling; scent 3. A
projecting end or beak at the front of an object ; snout ;
uozsle ; spout —v. /. 1. To smell ; to scent ; to track or
trace out 2. To touch with the nose ; to interfera with.
— V. t. 1. To smell ; to sniff. 2. To pry officiously.
HOMiaeed' (-blSdO, n. A bleeding at the noee.
HOM'gAy' (-g5^)i *>• A bunch of flowers ; bouquet
Ho-SOFO-Cy (n6-s91'6.jj^), n. [Or. v6ooi disease +
-logy.] 1. Systematic arrangement of diseases. 2.
Science of diseases, or of their classification. — Ho-Ml'>
O-dst, n. — HM'O-lOgfkHa (nSyft-lSjT-kal), a.
llM'tril (uSa'trll), n. [AS. nospyrl; no* for notu
nose + pyrel opeuiug, hole.] One of the two channels
through the nose.
HM'tmm (-trfim), n. [Neut sing, of L. noster ours,
fr. not we.] 1. A medicine whose ingredients are kept
secret ; a quack medicine. 2. A scheme of a quack.
Hot (n5t), adv. [Same word as naught.] A word ez>
pressing negation, prohibition, denial, or refusal.
Hot'A-lia'i-ty (n5t/4>bTlT-tj^), n. 1. The being not-
able. 2. A remarkable person or thing ; person ox note.
Hot'A-blO (u5t'4-bn), a. [F. ; L. notabilu, fr. nolare
to mark, nota mark, note.] 1. Capable of being noted ;
plain ; evident. 2. Worthy of notice ; remarkable ; mem-
orable. — n. A person of distinction. — Hot'a-bly, adv.
Hiatal (nS'tal), a. [Or. vS^v back.] Pert, to the
back; dorsal.
Ho^-ry (nS't^rj^), n. [F. notaire, L. nolariiUy fr.
noia mark.] 1. One who records in shorthand what is
said or done. 2. Officer who attests deeds, etc. ; — gen-
erally called notary public. —9o-tMfti^ (nft-ti^rT-al), a.
Ho-tatlon (-tS'sh&n), n. 1. A nothig anything by
marks. 2. A system of characters or abbreviated ex-
pressions, stating technical facts, quantities, etc. ; sy»>
tem of figures, letters, and signs used in arithmetic and
algebra to express number, quantity, or operations.
HotOh (nSch), n. [Cf. OD. nock, OSw. nocka.] 1. A
hollow cut in anything; nick; indentation. 2. A narrow
passage between two elevations ; pass ; defile. — r. /. To
make notches in ; to put in a notch.
Note (nSt), n. [F. ; L. nota ; akin to notcert^ Wftum^
to know.] 1. Mark or token bv which a thing may be
known ; characteristic quality. 2. A brief remark ; com-
ment on a text or author. 3. A memorandum ; minute.
4. pi. Memoranda to aasist a speaker ; a reporter's mem-
oranda of a speech or of proceedings. 6. A short, infor-
mal letter. 6. A diplomatic written communication. 7.
A paper acknowledging a debt, and promising payment.
8. (a) A character indicating the length and pitch of a
musical tone. (6) A musical sound ; tune, (e) A key of
the piano or organ. 9. Observation ; notice ; heed. 10.
Reputation ; distinction.— v. /. [F. noter^ L. notare^ fr.
nota.] 1. To notice with care ; to remark. 2. To record
in wnting ; to make a memorandum of. 3. To denote ;
to designate. 4. To set down in musical characters.
Hote'bCKdl' (-bd6k')« n. 1. Book for notes or memo-
randums. 2. Book registering notes of hand.
Hot'od (n5t'8d}, a. Well known; eminant; cele-
brated. — Hot'od-ly, adv. — ■ot'od-neas, n.
Hote'wor^tliy (-wQr'tfaj^), a. Worthy of observation
or notice; remarkable.
Hotliailg (nfith^ng), n. [Xo, a. + thing.] 1. Not
anything ; no thing ; — opp. to anything and something.
fgm, reoont, 6rb| nido, f^ll. Urn, fdbd, fiTot, out, oil, oliair, go, siuB, M|k, tben, thixL
NOTHINGNESS
384
NUMBNESS
1. NoBodstonoe ; nonentity ; absence of being ; nothing-
neaa. 3. A thing of no account ; aoniething irrelevant and
impertinent; utter inaigniflcance ; a trifle. 4. Anaritli-
metieal cipher ; naught. — adv. In no degree ; not at alL
Hothlng-IMM (uQthTng.uSs), n. 1. Nihility; non-
•ziBtence. 2. The being of no value ; thing of no ralue.
HoUm (nSnTa), n. [F., fr. L. notUia.] 1. A noting,
remarking, or obsenring ; cognixauce. 2. Intelligence
communiokted ; means of knowledce ; expreaa notifica-
tion ; warning. 3. Attention ; dTiuty.
Byn. — Attention ; regard ; remark ; note : heed ; con-
■ideration ; respect ; ciTility ; intelligence ; advice ; newa.
— V. <. 1. To obaerve ; to take note of. 2. To remark
npon ; to refer to. 3. To treat with attention and civility.
Syn. — To obaerve ; heed ; mention. Bee Rbmarx.
UO^tUn^-tL'tli&i a. Wortliy of notice ; conttpicuous.
No^tl^-OA'tloa (-tT.fl.krah&u), n. 1. A noUfying,
or making known ; a giving official notice. 2. Notice
given. 3. An advertiaemeut, citation, etc.
KcftXtf (-ii)> p. /, [F. rtotijier^ h, notificare ;. nottu
kiiot«ii -r -jfictirt (iii coinii.l to make.] 1. To make
)iiu)ifr']i i tv imhhsli. 2. iVi give notice to; to apprise.
Ro'tloa (^bnn), fi, [L» notiOt fr. noscere.^ i. Men-
tjU ApprviieUflknti t iiii^^i, c-h^uception. 2. A sentiment;
H!>iiiiUoii. 3- Am iiij{eiiir>u6 device; knickknaclc [C0//09.3
4^ IticliuAii^ui ; iutetiijcm. IColloq.]
Ro^ttoll-al> a. 1. CtviU'ittiug ol, or conveying, no-
tUMi» or Ldo;>i». 2- iCni^tLii^^ in idea only. 3. Oiven to
XooUah ejLpect«tlou4 ; i^uiciiul. — Ho'tiOII-al-ly , adv.
Ho-Um-aiW (nd-tS'rT-tis), a. [L. notoriu* roakinff
known, fr. no*eere^ notutn.'] Generally known and talked
of ; manifest ; evident. — No-tO'rl-olUI-ly, adv, — Ho-
to^-ons-iMM, Ho^to-rl't-ty (-n^-tj^), n.
Srn. - Distinguiahed ; oonspicuoua ; famous.
H iro'tO-tre'nia (-trS'mA), n. [NL., fr. Gr. K«ror back
-f- vpn^a hole.] The marsn-
plal frog of South America.
Horwlth-itandlng
(nSt'wIth-atludTng ), prep.
Without prevention, or ob-
struction from or bv ; in spite
of. — ocfv. or coiy. Never-
theless; however; although.
Sjm.— NoTwrrHSTANDiKO ;
Ik spitb or ; DsiPiTB. — iVoi-
wU/utandinff is the weaker
term, and simply points to _
some obstacle that may exist. Xototrema (X. marnpiatmm).
In Mpife or dennte of nl%T%to -^ /
active opposition to be encountered from others.
Honi^t (nftt), n. & adv. Naught.
Homi (noun), n. [OF. ; F. nom, fr. L. nomen name.]
A word deoignating anything ; a substantive.
Honrlsll (nfirash), V. t. [OF. hr/r/r, fr. L. nuiHre.}
X. To feed and cause to grow. 2. To support ; to main-
tain. 3. To encourage ; to foster. 4. To educate ; to
bring up. — r. t. To promote growth. — Hoorlsh-er, n.
Syn. — To cherish ; feed ; supply. See Nurtubb.
nOlirlBll-lllMIt, n. 1. A nourisliini;, or t>eiug nour-
ished; nutrition. 2. Nutriment; food.
■0¥'tl(n5vVl),a. [OF.; L.notW/f(«,(1im.ofnotiMnew.]
Of recent origin or introduction ; new ; ont of the ordinary
course; unusual; strange.— n. A iictitinns narrative.
Syn. — NovBL ; New ; recent : modem ; f resJj ; strange ;
uncommon ; rare ; unusual. — Every thing at its flrst oc-
currenre is nrtc ; that is novel vthich is so much out of
the ordinary course as to strike us with tturpri^e.
VWtlmW (-<t'), n. A »hort novel.
Hov^al-llrtt n. A writer of a novel.
HOT'el-tT, n. [OF. noveltS, L. norellUa*.'^ 1. The
being novel ; freslmesa. 2. Something new or strange.
Ho-TemlMr (nft-vBm'bSr), n. [L., th«« ninth month of
the old Roman year, which began witli March, fr. novem
nine.] The eleventh month 0? theyear.
HO¥'#-ll(i-iy (nCvt-nt-ry). a, [L. norenariuM^ fr. no-
vem.] Pert, to the number nine. — n. The number nine.
■o-TWllll-al (n«-ven'nT-al), a. [L. novenndt of niiii
years ; navem -f anntu year.] Done every ninth year.
HoviM (nSvTs), n. [F., fr. L. nortciW, fr. motm
new.] 1. One new in any businesa; beginner; tyra
2. One newly converted. 3. One who enters a reli^ooa
bouse as a probatlonist.
Ko-THi-«t« (u«.vTah1-tt), n. 1. State of being a dot-
ioe ; time of initiation. 2. One going throogh a pcslod
of probation ; a novice.
Vow (nou), adv. [AS. nii, nit ; akin to D., OS., & OHG..
ntt, G. nu^ nun, L. nnne^ Gr. ini, vvv.'l 1. At the prM>
ent time ; at this moment ; instantly. 8. Yery lately ; not
long ago. 3. At a particular time referred to. 4. In
present circumstances ; thinga being aa they are.
Mow and then, at one time and another ; at interrala.
IfOW'a-4layi^ (-A-dSsO« a^^c^* [For now on (0£. an)
davt.'Xln these days ; at the present time.
nUrmKf* (no^wi^), ) adv. [A'o -f tcwy.] In no man-
Ho^ways' (-m azO* ) ner or degree ; not at all ; nowise.
n&mhm^ (-hwftr^), adv. [AS. ndAvSr.] Not any-
where ; not in any place or state.
Ho'WiM' (-wix'), adv. [For in no iriie.] Nowmya.
HosiOIUI (nSk'shiis), a. [L. noxiut^ fr. nwea harm.]
Hurtful i pernicious ; eormpting to morals. — HoslCNM-
ly. adv. — HosloiUhiieM. n.
Syn. — Harmful ; mischievooa. See Noebomb.
Hmlla (nSz's'l), n. [Dim. of noM.] 1. Nose ; snoot.
2. A short tube, usually tapering, forming the vent of a
hose or pipe, or projecting from a hollow vesseL
Hn'oto-ate (nuOUt-tt), a. Having a nodeua.— r. t.
Togather (about a nu< leus or center).
mi-«tol-fonil (-klga-f6rm), a. Formed Uke a kernel.
Hn'Olo-HS (nufklS-tis), n. [L., dim. fr. n«ur, nnci*,
nut.] 1. A kernel ; center about which matter gathers ;
material portion. 2. Head of a comet
Hll-4la^tton (-di'sfafin), n. [L. nndntio^ fr. nudart to
strip, fr. nudut naked.] A stripping, or making bare.
HndO (uud), a. [L. nudux.'] Bare ; naked ; nudotbed ;
undraijed. — Hn'fli-ty (iiu'dl-tj), n.
Hudjre (ntij), r. t. [Prov. G. knUUcAen to sqneesa,
pinch, E. knock."] To touch gently, aa with the elbow, to
call attention.— n. A gentle push, or jog, with the elbow.
Hn'Ca-tO-ry (uu'gA-t^-rj^), a. TL. nugatoriusy fr. %vga9
trifles. J 1. Trifling ; vain. 2. Of no force ; ineffectual.
Hng'gVt (iiSg^gSt), n. [Earlier niggot, prob. for nigol,
an ingot.] A lump ; mass of precious metal.
HlU'gailM (nu'Mfns), n. [OE. & OF. noUaueCy fr. L.
nocere to harm.] That which is offensive or noxious.
Hull (nBl^. a. [L. ntUlus none.] Of no legal or binding
force or validity ; of no efficacy ; void : uaeless.
HvlOl-fy (iifil'lT-n), V. t. [L. nullificartt nvttu9-\-
'ficare (in comp.) po make.] To make void; to deprive
of force. - HnlOi fl'er, Hnl'U-fl-oation, n.
Syn. — To annul ; repeal ; canceL See Aboubs.
Hiaai-ty(-tj^)tn. [IX. nti//t7a«.J 1. Tlie beinff null ;
want of force. 2. Nonexistence. 3. That which is nulL
Hamb (nfim), a, [Fr. AS. niman to self e.] Enfeebled
in power of sensation and motion ; benumbed ; insensible.
— V. (, To make numb : to deaden ; to stupefy.
HnmlMr (nttm^r), n. [OE. & F. nomhrey L. numO'
nut.] 1. That which may be counted or reckoned; a
unit, or aggregate of units. 2. A numerous assemblage ;
multitude ; many. 3. A numeral ; a word or cbaractei
denoting a number. 4. That which in regulated by oonnt ;
poetic measure ; poetry ; verse. 6. Distinction ci oMects,
as one, or more than one. expressed (usually) by a differ-
ence in the form of a word.— r. <. 1. To count; to
enumerate. 2. To apply nnmbera to ; to designate the
place of by a numeral. 3. To amoimt to ; to oonaist of.
Syn.— To oonnt; enumerate; calculate; teU.
HnmlMr-leM, a. innumerable; countless.
Hfnmnbeni (-bSrz), n., pi. of Nttmbbr. The fourth book
of the Pentateurh, containing the census of the Hebrews.
IfnmU'lMM (n&m'nSs), n. The being numb.
ih 5, 1, 5, tt, long ; *, fi, 1, 5, tt, ^ short ; ssnftte, «v«nt, Idea, fibey, finite, cAre, «rm. Ask, »n, flaoL
NUMERABLE
386
OASIS
Vo'tttr-ft-bto (nu'm8r-&-bn), a. [L. numerabau.}
Ca^tble of being uumbered or couut«d.
Hn'mor-lll (-ol), a, [L. numeralu.'] 1. Pert to num-
ber; coajtlAting ot numeraU. 2. Expreashig number. -»
». 1. Figure expreaaiug a number ; as, tbe Arabic nu-
wuraU, 1,2, 3, etc. ; the Roman nutneraUy I, V, X, L, etc
a. Word exprening a number. — HnlBtir-al-ly , adv.
WwftUX'tL-ry (-t-i^), a. [LL. numeraritu.} Belong-
ingto a certain number ; counting aa one of a body.
■n'mor-At* (-it), v.L [L. numerare^ -ratum^ to count.]
To divide off and read according to rules of nunieration.
■ifnitr-atkuiin. Ih. numeratio.'} 1. A numbering.
2. A reading numbers expressed by means of numerals ;
~ almost excIusiTely applied to the reading numbers
written in the scale of t^nA, by the Arabic method.
■n'mir-A'tor (nu'm8r-i't9r), n. [L.] 1. One who
numbers. 2. The term in a fraction which indicates tbe
number of fractional units that are taken ; — being the
number written above a line in a vulgar fraction, or after
the decimal point in a decimal fraction.
HB-mtr'lo (-roSKIk), \a. IF. nunUrigue.^ Belonging
■ll-4WltO-al (-T-lcal)f I to number : denoting number ;
expressed by numbers. — Hn-mirlo-al-ly, adv.
jfn^lDMF-OlUl (uu'm8r-CU), a. [L. numeronu.'] Con*
sisting of a great number of units or individual objecta.
— Hn^UMT-oiw-ly, adv. — Hii'kiitr-oiw-iieis, n.
Hn'llllt-matlo (-mTx-mlt^k), ) a. [L. numUma piece
Jli|/|llll.]lia|'l0-al (-mltT-kal), ) of money, coin.]
Pert, to coins or medals.
Htt'BllB-llUtloti n. Science of coins and medals.
Hlllll']|ll-r7(nfim'm4-rj^), a. [L. nummariuSt fr. nutn-
miMacoin.] Relating to coins or money.
Hnm'lknU' (-skan, n. A dunce : dolt ICoUoq.'i
Him (nlin). It. [AS. nunne^ fr. L. nonna nun, nonnus
monk.] A woman living in a convent, under the three
vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience.
Him'a-0 (nuu'shT-5), n. [It; fr. L. nunWtM messen-
gerj The pope*s representative at a foreign court
mUk-ca^-Xif (nfin-ku'pi-tTv or nfinnctt-pi'tTv),
■lllHm'mi-tO-ry(-t^-rJ^),a. [L. nuncupativu*.'] Oral;
not written.
Nan'aaf'-T (nlin'nir-]^), n. Convent for nuns.
Hnp^tfal (nnp^shal), a. [L. nuptialis. fr. nuberef nup-
tum, to veil, to marry.] Pert to marnage.— n. Ma-
nage; wedding ; — only in p/.
■una (ndrs), n. [OF. nurrice^ L. nutricia; fr.
ntUrire to nourUh.l One who nourishes, stippUee food,
tends, or brings up (young cliildren, or the sick or infirm).
— r. /. 1. To nourish ; to suckle ; to tend. 2. To raise,
by care, from a weak or invalid condition; to foster
(plants, animals, etc.). 3. To manage with care and
economy, with a view to increase. — Him'er, n.
MvtWfn-Yi'ir-S)yn. Plaoefomursing; room f orthecare
of children ; place tor propagating young trees, vines, etc
Hnn'llaf , n. [Nume -f- 4ingA An infant ; fondling.
Hin'tar* (nflr'tttr; 40), n. [OP. norrUure, fr. L.
nutrUura."] 1. A nourishing or nursing; education;
training. 2. That which nonrlshes ; food ; diet — v. t.
1. To nourish. 2. To Mucatn ; to train.
Syn. — To NviTDaB ; Nourish ; Chuush ; nurse ; bring
up; educate; tmd, ^ NourUh denotes to supply with
food, or cause to grow. To nurture is to train up with a
f oateriug care, like tliat of a mother. To cheruh is to
hold and treat as dear.
Hot (n&t), n. [ Aa hnutu.'\ 1. Fruit of certain trees
and shrubs, c<msi«tiuff of a hard and indehiaoeut shell
inclosing a kemeL 2. A perforated block, with an in-
O
Nutcracker.
temal screw tliread, used on a bolt, or screw,
for holding something, or for transmitting
motion. — V. i. To njt^t nuts.
Untant (nu'tiintT, a. [L. nutans^ p. pr.
of nuiart to nod.] Nodding ; having the top Kut for a
bent downward. Bolt.
■n^atkNI (nft^I'shOn), fi. 1. A nodding. 2. A
very small libratory motion of ttie eart)i*s axis.
nnt'onuik'or (nfitOcrSk'Sr), n. 1. Instrument for
cracking nuts. 2. A bird allied
to the magpie and crow, which |
feeds on nuts, insects, etc.
Hnt'caU' (-gnio* a. a gau
resembling a nut, eq>. one pro>
duced on the oak.
HnfllMf (-mSg), n. [OS. notetnuge; note nut -f
OF. muffe musk.] Kernel of the fruit of a tree of the
Molucca Islands ; — used in cookery.
Hntrt-MIt (nu'trT-ent), a. [L. nuirien$t p. pr. of nu-
trire. See Nourish.] Nutritious; nourishing. *n. Any
substance which nourishes or promotes growth.
■ntxl-llMBt n. [L. nu/Hmen/tim.] Tnat which
nourishes ; food ; aliment. — Hn'tll-mMltal, a.
Vn-mnkm (ntt^rlsh'fin), n. [F.l 1. Physiological
maintenance of life and growth. 2. Nutriment.
HQ-tXl'tioWl (-tts), Hn'tll-ttve (uS'trT-tTv), a. Pert
to nutrition ; nourishing. — Wtt^tll-tly-naM . n.
HQf ■heU' (nttt'slino, n. 1. The sheU or hard exter-
nal covering hiclosing the kernel of a nut 2. A thing of
little compass or value. [a flavor like that of nuts. I
■ntty (-tV), a. 1. Abounding in nuts. 2. Having
■uz' TOml-OA (n&ks' vOm^-ki). [NL., fr. L. nux %
nut -f vomere to vomit] Tlie seed of an East Indian
tree, which yields the deadly pdsons known as strychnine
and bnuHne, [nestle.]
Hm'il* (n&s'sM), V. /. [Perh. corrup. of nejrf/e. ] To |
Hna'ile, v. i. [Dim. fr. nose. Bee Nozzlr.] 1. To
work with the nose, like a swine in the mud. 2. To hide
tlie head, as a child in the mother's bosom ; to nestle.
Hy« (ni), n. [Prob. fr. F. nid nest, brood, L. midus
nest] A brood or flock of pheasants.
■ym^ (uTmf), n. [L. nympfut.] 1. A goddess of
the mountains, forests, meadows, or waters. 2. Lovely
5 oung girl; maiden.
!. Pupa of an in-
sect; chrysalis.
— Hymph'Al,
Hyill-pliriui(nTm-
fron), a.
■y-nla (nT-u'-
14), n. A species of
ichneumon, tuiving Nyula.
fur beautifully variegated by closely set zigzag markings.
O.
0 (8)t intorj. An exclamation used In calling or direct
address, also to express pain, grief, fear, etc.
Oaf (5f), n. rO£. ov//, fr. Icel. aUr eU.] Orig., an
eU*s child ; simpleton ; idiot — Othflll, a.
Oak (Sk), n. [AS. dc. ] 1. Acorn-bearing tree of many
species and regions. 2. Timber of the oak. — Oak'aili a.
Oak apple, a gall produced on oak leaves by a gallfly.
Oak'um (Sk'Om), n. [AS. acumba; pref. a- out -f
cem^on to comb, ^amb comb.] Uutwisted tlber of old
hemp ropee; — used to calk i
I of thlpa, stop leaks.
bar (or), n. [AS. dr.] 1. Long, slender implement to
impel a boat 2. Oarsman; rower. 3. Swimming organ
of various invertebrates, ^v.t.&i. To row^ ^nate. I
Oarad (5rd), a. 1. Having webbed feet 2. Totipal-|
Oan'man (5rs^an), n. One skilled in rowing.
(Ka-ala (i/44ls or ft4l'sls), n. [L.] FertUe spot in a
waste or desert
f9m, recent, 6rb, rude, full, tan, food, f<»bt, out, oil, ebair, (o, ains, ink, then, iliiii.
25
OAT
386
OBLITERATION
Oirt(5t),i». [AB.fito.1
' riopT.
A oerwd grsaa, and ito edible
grtUu ; — cbinmonly io pf.
Oafen (5t^n), a. 1. Condrting of an oet ttntw or atem.
2. Mode of oatmeaL
Oath (Sth), n. ; pi. Oatbb (5ths). [AS. dtf.] 1. A
aolemn aJflrmatioOf with au appeal to Ood for ita truth.
2. Blaaphemoua uae of Ood'a name ; expreaaioa of pro>
faue swearing.
OaTrnml' {Wmmf\ n. Meal made of oata.
Ob-GOr'aAta (Sb-kdr'dtt), a. [Pref. ob- + cordate.}
Heart-ahapedf with the attachment at ~
the pointed end ; iuTeraely cordate.
Ob'dn-nte (Sb/dt-rtt), a. [L. obdu-
rnrr, -ratum, to haTden*, ob + dunu
limnl ] 1 irar<l-lii:jarl45l ; Ktubbarnly
witkr J. 2. H,ird ; touf^U ; iiitracUbln.
^ Ob'du-ritft-ly, iuit% - Ob'da-utf-
naaas Ob^^ilii r^-cr, '*>
Sj n. — Ohui RATI ; CAiLOU* ; Ujiau-
VVVI>; iiuWuHliiti^; Jiirt^Klblp ; •tublk^m; r >ti«»-HL« Leaf
hut* dt»t>U'w ii iJudetilMff of ihr •fliiAibiil- v/*»M^
tl*ft- Unriiritftl liiiplk»!< i:oii4 ml diaiv^jirij for the claims
of iiit^T«fti» duty , uii eiy iii p^tby . Ub'ht fttt^ Impliea actiTe
rei]Bi«u«4 ai^iiift tbe m^Mliuif^ of liuuMiiicy.
0-b«'dl4ii&« <&-b9/uT^u«>, H (r, ^ L. obedientia.}
L An obei, LJi|i, or b?lnj( ubedbtd. 3. iJutifulneaa.
O-IW^dtHBUti 't, [OF.; U i^dirnx, ^^titii^ p. pr. of
oi^^N^ to obey.] Elubjt^ct to Hiithnrir^ , ■Tibmiaaire to
r«*tnlut or c^nimah^l — 0-b*'dl ont ly. uU'.
Sf^Hi — Dutltid 1 ri.'4p«< tf kil , cuLut'li^iiit : sabmiadTe.
0-lMt'MUIM (-bS'ians or .bi'-)t '*• V^- obHuonce obe-
dience, fr. o6^iMan/. SeeOsBT.] Manifestation of obedi-
ence, deference, or respect ; homage ; a bow ; courtesy.
Ob'a-llsk (5b^-lTsk), n, [L. obelUetu, Or. bfiOiunmi,
dim. of bfitk&i % spit, a pointed pil-
lar.] 1. A four>sided pillar, Uper-
ing as it rises, and terminating in a
pyramid. 2. A mark of reference, in
printing ; — called also dagger [t].
0-bOM' (ft-bS^), a, [L. obesus
eaten away, lean ; ob 4- ^dere to
eat.] Very fat. — O-lMM'lDaM,
O-bMl-ty (-b«sor-ty), n.
O-lMT' (*-bE'), V. t. [P. obSir,
f r. L. obedire ; ob -f audire to hear.]
1. To giTe ear to ; to comply with
the ord >r8 of. 2. To vield to the
impulse or operation of. — r. 1. To
give obedience.— O-bey'or, n.
Ob-fvs'OAta (SVfHs'kSt^, V. t.
[L. obffutctire^ -catum^ to darken;
ob + fuscu* dark.] To darken ; to
obscure ; to confuse ; to bewilder. —
Oli'fns-catliiii, n.
Onm (ybit or Cblt), n. [OF. ;
L. o6trf, -iium^ to go to meet, (so.
moriemS to die; o8 -f- ire to go.]
1. Death ; date of one's death. 2.
Funeral Koloranity or anniversary. •
POTt oMt ri^ no*/ oftWuni], after ohcH.k. One of dec
O-blt^-a-ry (6-bTt'A-4-ry ), rr. mrrly nt Alexandnn.
Pert, to a death, ^n. Notice of a Ejrypt. but now in
death accompanied by a biograph- C''''/"* ..^r^u." -.^Y.*
icaUketcb. ^ ^ ^ork. Height 71 ft
Ob-)OOt' (5b-j»kt0. r. t. [L. objf'cere, •jectnm^ to pot
before, to oppose ; ob ^- jacere to throw.] To offer as
an objection, ^v. i. To make oppoAition.
OVJoot iWjSkt), n. [L. objectu*. ] 1. Something put
in the way of some of the Henses ; something Tisible or
tanirible. 2. Something set before the mind so as to be
apprehended ; a conception. 3. Something sought for ;
end ; aim : final cauHe. 4. In grammar, a word, phrase,
or clause toward which an action is directed.
OI»-|«OllOB(8b>J«k'shan),n. 1. An ol^eetiaff. 2. Ad-
Terse reason or argument ; obstacle ,* impsdiment.
Syn. — Ezoeptioo; difBculty; doubt; scmple.
OHeo^lOB-A-Ue, a. liable to obiectiou ; offeoare.
— Ob-leotifltt^-lllT, adv.
Oh-Mnw (-tlT), a. 1. Pert to an object. 2. Coo-
tained in, or having t^e nature or poaition of, an object ;
outward ; extemu ; extrinaio ; — opp. to tuMtetwe,
3. In sruumar, designating the case which follows a
tFaoaitlve verb or a prepoaition, and in which the direct
<^ect of the verb is placed ; accusative. — ». The acco-
aative case, in srammar. — Ob-}ectlv»-ly, adv. — Ob-
J«cmT»-lM«l, Wf^ttri'tf (-tlvl-tj^), n.
Syn. — OBncmrs; Bubjbctiti.— 0^>c/tt« is applied
to things exterior to the mind, and obiect» of iu atten-
tion ; tuMedive^ to the operations of the mind itself.
Ob'lect-laaa, a. Having no object ; purposeless.
Ob-|6Ct'or (-jSkt'Sr), n. [L.] One who objecta.
Ob-lW'tata (•jQi^git), r. /. [L. objurgare, -gahtau
to chide ; ob -\-jurgart to quarrel, fr. t'tu right, court-]
To chide; to reprove. — OVlur-satfOB. n.— Ob-ta^
fa-t0.r7(-jfir'g4-t«.Tt),o.
Ob-bUI'0»-»-Ut« (-lln'sM-ltt), a. [Pref. ob-
-\- lanceolate.} Lanceolate in the reversed order,
or narrowing toward the point of attachment.
Ob-Utf (Sb-lit' or SbOit), a. [L. oblatus, |
used as p. p. of offerre to ofler, dedicate ; oh +
latnt borne J 1. Flattened or depressed at the
polef. 2. Offered up; consecrated; dedicated;
—wed in titlea of Roman Catholic ordera.
Ob-Utlon (li'abfin), n. [L. olAatio.} 1. An
offering. 2. Anything offered fai worahip ; a sac-
rifice. 3. Contribution to a church. ^. ,
Obni-gata (ll-git), X. t. [L. obltgare, -gatum. 2Slu
SeeOBUoa.] 1. To bring imder obligation, moral Lc^.
or legal. 2. To bind firmly to an act ; to coni^train.
OlKU-f^'tlai.n. [V.'.Y.obligaHo.} 1. An obligating.
2. Bindmg power of a promise, contract, oath, or vow, or
of law ; 1(^ or moral duty. 3. Duties imposed by law,
promise, courtesy, etc. 4. The beinff indebted for favor or
kindness. 6. A legal bond with penutyfor nonfulfillment.
ObOl-ga-tO-ry («/IT-gt4«-TJ^), a. Imposing oUiga-
tion ; requiring performance or forbearance of some act.
0-bIlc*' («-blij'), r. t. [OF. obligier, L. obligart ; ob
4- ligare to bind.] 1. To constrain ; to put under obli-
Sation to do or forbear something. 2. To place under a
ebt ; to do a favor to ; to gratify. — O-Mlfnr (-bH'jtfr), n.
ObOl-ffM' (Sb/lI-iF), n. [F. oblig4, p. p. of obliger.}
One to whom a bond is given.
0-bU'gillC (^-bU'jTng), a. Putting under obligatka ;
civil ; kind. - 0-bll'fta«-l7t odv. — O-UfllllC-DUa, n.
Syn. — Obuoino; Knn>; CoxnjinAirr: civil; cour-
teous.—One i* kind who desires to see others happy ; one
is cotnplauant who endeavors to make them so m social
intercourse ; one who is obliging performs some actual
service, or has the disposition to do so.
OiKll-ffOr' (Qb'lT-ger'), i». One who binds himself, or
gives his bond to another.
Ob-UqiM' (Qb-lSk^ or -UkQ, a. [F., fr. L. oUi^vtu;
ob -f- tiguis oblique.] 1. Not erect or perpendicular;
neither parallel to, nor at right angles from, the base ;
slanting ; inclined. 2. Not straightforward ; indirect ;
disingenuous ; underhand ; sinister. 3. Not direct in
descent ; not following the line of father and son ; col-
lateral. *n. An oblique line.^r. i. To deviate from
a perpendicular Ihie ; to move iu an oblique directioo.
— Ob-Uqn^ay. ndv. — Ob-Uqva'ftMa, n.
Ohlins eass, in grammar; any case but the nomtnatire.
OMlQ'Ul-ty (-ITk'wT-tj^), ». 1. A being oblique ; de-
viation from a right line, or from parallelism or per^
pendicularity ; divergence. 2. I>eviat>on.from ordinary
rules, or from mom] rectitude.
Ob-llt'er-ata (-ITfSr-it). v. t. [L. obUterarey -rsfirm,
to obliterate ; ob -\- litem letter.] 1 . To blot oat. 2. To
destroy; to render imperceptible. — Ob-Ufor-AtlflB, n.
a, 6, 1, 5, fi, long ; ft, e, 1, 5, a, tt Bbort ; ssnAte, event, tdea, 6bey, ttnite, cArs, iinn, Ask, nn, finoL
OBLIVION
387
OBTRUDE
Ob-ltvOttl (Sb-nvT-Bn), n. [L. ohlMo, Aldii to 06-
Wfisei to forgetj 1. A forgetting, or being forgotten.
S. Ignoring of offenaes ; unneety, or general pardon.
Syn. — Bee FoBonwunns.
OVli^l-OIUi (-iLi)> a. 1. Promoting oblivion. 2. For-
geUfbL — Ol^-liv'l-OlW-ly, adv. — Ob-liT'l-oiUhllMUl, n.
0^/lOiM (fi\/Vkkg), a, [L. (Mongu*; 06 -f longut
long.] Having ereater length tlian breadth. *». Fig-
are longer than broad. — OMoOf-ly, adv,
OtolO-any (-Ift-kwj^), n. [L. oo/ovuCum, fr. (Moqui to
•peak against; 06 + Mgtt» to speak. 1 Censorious speech.
Syn.— Reproach; oensore; slander; detraction.
Ob-lUXXloaB (-n&'shiis), a. [L. o^fUKtiiM / ob -f- nox-
iiu hurtfoLl 1. Subject; liable; answerable ; — with
to. 2. Liable to censure ; blameworthy. 3. OfTenrnve;
odious. — Ob-BOKloiuhly, adv. — Ob-nnloiu-iMMt n.
OOMe (S^Mi or Qn>ft.t), n. Tit., fr. F. haiUboU. Bee
Haotbot.] a very ancient wind hutrument, of pene-
trating tone, and soonded by a double reed ; hautboy.
I OI/O-IUS (Sb^-llis), n. [Gr. ipoX6f.'] (a) A small sflver
coin of ancient Athens, l-6th of a drachma, about 3 cents
in value. (&) An ancient weight, 1-Cth of a drachm.
Ob-O^Val (5b-iyva]), Ob-OTata (-vtt). a. Inversely
ovato ; ovato with the narrow end downward.
OHmonid^ (-^nO> <^ [!<• ob*eentu.'\ 1. Of-
fensive to chastity or modesty ; expressing
something indecent. 2. Foul ; disgusting. —
Ob-Meoaly, adv. — Ob-MMM'XiMMi, Ob-
80«lt-tF(-«»nT-ty}.n.
8rn« — Impure; immodest; lewd.
Oib'Mn-ni'ttoil (Sb^skt-rfi'shlin), n. An
obscuring, or being obscured.
Ob-wnir*' (-skurO, a* [L. oft«curu/, orig.,
covered ; 06 4- a root meaning, to cover ;
cf. setUum shield.] 1. Covered over; dark-
ened ; imperfectly illuminated. 2. Pert, to darkness or
night ; indistinctly seen ; hidden ; remote from observa-
tion. 3. Not noticeable ; bumble ; mean. 4. Not easily
understood ; not clear ; abstruse. 6. Not clear, full, or
distinct ; imperfect. — v. t. To render obscure ; to dim.
— Ob-Mvnly, adv. — Ob-aoiirariMM, OtHMia'ri-ty
(-sku'rl-tf), i».
Syn. — £Nirk ; dim : mysterious ; mean ; indistinct.
W9b<mM (ob'st-krit), v. t. [L. obsecrare^ -cratum.
prop., to ask on religious grounds ; ob + sacer sacred.]
To beseech ; to implore. — 01>'SO-ora'tloil, n.
OI/l»41liM (-kwTs), n.pl. See Obsbqut.
Ob-M'qill-OIUI (-sCkwT-Os), a, [L. obsequiomt ; ob -f-
99qui to follow. ] Servilely attentive ; cringing ; fawning.
— OlHM'Qpi-OIUhly, adv. — Ob-M'qili-OIM-lieM, n.
Syn. — Compliant; obedient; servile. SeeTiXLDiHO.
OVM-qay (-kwj^), n. [L. obtequiae. pi. , funeral rites,
fr. ob*equi,\ Tlie last duty rendered to one after his
death ; ceremony pertaining to burial ; — only in pi.
0\Hlitan*9Aii% (-28rv'^b*l), a. Worthy of being ob-
served ; noticeable. — Ob-MTT^a-llly, adv.
Ob-MnKanoe, n. [F. ; L. ob*ervantia.'\ 1. An ob-
serving or noticing with attention ; performance. 2. Act
or service of attention ; form ; rite ; custom.
Syn. — Obsbbvancs ; Obsbrv ation. — Th*»iM» words i»Te
discriminated by the two distinct senses of ob^rn'r. To
olMerre means (1) to keep stri'^tly, and hence, ohferrnnce
denotes the heeding with strictness ; (2) to consider at-
tentively, and hence, observation denotes either the act
of ol^iervinp, or some remark made as the result ttiercof.
OlHMlVfUlt, a. f L. obxerrnnSf -vatitis^ p. pr. of ohser-
vare. See Obsbkvb. J 1. Taking notice ; viewing atten-
tively : watehfuL 2. Submisnively attentive ; regardful.
OVssr-Tttkni (-zSr-vS'sh&n), n. 1. An observing,
or fixing the mind upon anything. 2. View ; conclusion ;
judgment. 3. Expression of opinion upon what one has
obaarred; remark. 4. (a) A recognising and noting
some occurrence in nature. (6) A measuring some mag-
nitude, (e) Information so acquhvd.
Syn. — Notice ; comment ; note. See Obsibtamcb.
Ob-Mnr'a-tO-ry (5b-z8rv'4-td-rj^), n. 1. A nhu:e for
observing the heavenly bodies. 2. A building fitted for
systemauc observations of natural phenomena.
Ob-aorva' (-«8rv'), v. t. [L. observare^ 'Vatum; ob +
iervart to keep, observe. Bee Sir vs.] 1. To keep; to
comply with. 2. To notice with care ; to perceive ; to
discover. 3. To express as what has been noticed ; to say
in a casual wav ; to remark. * v. i. 1. To take notice ;
to attend. 2. To comment. — Ob-atrv'er, n. — Ob-
atrvlnc, a. — Ob-aarv'liir-ly, odv.
Syn. — To remark. See Rbmakk.
OVao-lea'oent (-s^-ISs'seut), a. LL. obfoletcenty -centU.
p. pr. of obsoUseere ; ob + tolere to use.] Ooiug out of
use ; becoming obsolete. — OVao-lea'oailoe, n.
Ob'ao-lata (-I8t), a. [L. obsoiescere, -/r/tim.] No
longer hi use ; disused ; — appUed to words, writings, or
observances.— Ob'ao-leta-naaa, n.
Syn. — Antiquated ; old ; disused. Bee Akcxkrt.
OVata-Ola (-stA-knj, n. [F., Ir. L. obttaculum^ fr. ob
4- *tare to stand.] That which stands in the way, or
hinders progress ; obstruction ; difficulty.
Syn. — Hindrance. See iMPBOiMiorr, OBSTRUcnon .
OlHrtat'klO (-stSf rfk), I a. [h. obttetricius, Ir. obsle-
Ob-atat'lilKd (-rT-kal), ( triz, ^ricU, midwife, f r. ob-
ttare.'l Pert, to midwifery, or delivery of women in
childbed. [womeu in childbirth. I
0b4rtef]rkNI, n. Science of midwifery ; the assisting |
Ob'atl-lia-oy (5b'dtl-n&-s^), n. 1. Firm or unreason-
able adherence to an opinion or system ; perthiacity.
2. A being difficult to remedy, relieve, or subdue.
Syn. — Obstihact; PBRTiVAcrrr: firmness; resolute-
ness : infiexibility ; persistency ; stubbornness ; perverse-
ness ; contumacy.— Pertinacifi/ denotes great firmness in
holding to a thing, aim, ete. Obslinacy is grrat firmness
in holcung out sfl^unst persuasion, attack, etc.
Ob^atl-liata (-nSt), a. [L. obstinare. -natum^ to per-
sist in ; ob 4- root of Hare to stand.] 1. Pertinaciously
adhering to an opinion, purpose, or course ; not yielding
to reason, arguments, or other means. 2. Not easily
subdued or removed. — Ob'Stl-lia^d-ly, a dr.
Syn.- ™ '* ' • • ^ "
Ob-al .
ob -+- Mtrepere to nuke a noiee.] Noisy ; claiuofoua. —
Ob-atrop'er-oiis-ly, adv. — Ob-atrap'er-oiia-iieaa, n.
Ob-atrnct' (-strOkf), v. t. [L. obstntere^ -strucfum ;
ob + atruere to pile up.] L To block up ; to close (a way
or Mssage) ; to fill with obstacles that prevent passing.
2. To be in the way of ; to impede. ^ Ob-Btruot'er, n.
Syn. — To bar ; stop ; check ; reterd ; oppose.
Ob-atniO'tlon (-str&k'ahGn), n. 1. An obstructing, or
being obstructed. 2. Thnt wliich obstructs or impedes.
Syn. — Obstbuctios ; Obstaclb ; bar ; barrier ; imped-
iment ; check ; hindrance. — An obstacle is something stand-
ing in the way ; an obstruction^ something put in the way.
Ob-Btmo'tion-lat, n. One who obfttructe buainesa. —
a. Bystematicallv delaying. [Recenf\
Ob-atmotlvaj-strfik'tlv), a. Teu'iing to obstruct.
Ob'Btrn-ent (oystr^-ent), a. [L. obstruens, p. pr. of
obttruere.l Hindering. *n. Anythhig that obstructe a
passage, esp. a nsttiral passage in the ^>dy.
Ob-taln' (8b.tan'), V. t. [P. obtenir, L. obtinere; ob
-|- tenere to hold.] To get hold of : to gain possession of.
^ V. i. To become prevalent. — Ob-taiil'a-bla, c
Syn. — To Obtaiw ; Gbt ; Gain ; Earn ; Acottirb ;
attain ; win. — The idea of qettino is common to all these
terms. To pnin in to get hy striving. To earn Is to deserve
by labor. To obtain implies desire for possession, and
effort directed to attein that not iramodiatelv within (mr
reach. Whatever we thus seek and pet^ we obtain.
Ob-tmda' (-tni'l'), r. t. [L. ohirudere, -trumm; ob
4- tntdfre to thruHt.] To thrust impertinently ; to urge
unduly.— v. i. To thrust one's self upcn attention. —
8yn.— Firm ; pertinacious ; opinionated. Bee Stubborn.
Ob-atnp'or-aiia (-strSp^r-as), a. [L. obntrepems ;
fSm, recent, 6rb, rude, f^^ ftm« food, ftfbt, out, oil, ehair, co, siny, ink, then, tbin.
OBTRUDER
388
CX3T0R00N
Olhtnid'«r (Sb-trad'Sr), n. — Ob-tni'ltoll, n. ~ Ob-tni'-
ttW (-«Iv)j a. — Ob-tni'ltV»-ly, adr.
Sfn. — To Obtrudb : Ihtbvdb. — To intrnde is to thrust
cme*s self into a plAue, society, otc., tritiiout risnt, or uu-
invited ; to obtrude is to force one's self, renuurlu, opiu-
i<ms, etc., iuto society or upon persons with wiiom one
has no such intimacy as to justify such boldness.
Ob-tond' (-tlUidOi «*• /. [L. obtundere^-tusum ;ob+ hm-
dere to beat.] To dull ; to blunt ; to quelL '^ ^
Ob-tUM^ C-tuy), o. 1. Not pohited or N.
acute ; blunt ; — applied Mp. to angles nI£_^
greater than a right angle. 2. Not acute of ^1 AC ObtuM
perception; stupid. 3. DuU ; deadened. — A"l'f«^'f^
Ob-tue^-an^gltd (-KQ'g'ldJ, l a. HaTing an ob-
Ob-tUM^-an^gn-Ur (•<Q'gQ-l3r), f tuae angle.
Ob-tn'Alon (-tu'shliu), n. l. a nuJilng obtuse or
blunt, a. State of being dulled.
Ob-¥6rae' (5b>v8ry), a. [L. obvertere^ -versum; ob
-f vertere to tuni.1 Having the base narrower than the
top, as a leaf. — Ob-¥«rBO^, adv.
Wrtn9iWr9n),n. [F.] Tt
beirs the principal iilcKsription upon it ; — the other side
being the re^'erse.
I (SVTSrs), n. [F.l The face of a coto which
pU( '^
Ot^V«rt' (-v8rtQ» «•• '. (.L. obvertere.] To turn toward.
ObM-ate (dVvI-it), I'. /. [L. obviare; o6 + ria way.]
To anticipate ; to make unnecessary. — Ob'vlratlflll, n.
ObM-Ons (-tti), o. rii. obvius; ob + via way.]
Easily seen. — OVvt-OHS-lT, adv. ^OVwi-wm-nmBj n.
Syn. — Plain J dear : evident. Bee MxionuT.
Oo-oa'lUm (Ok-lci'ihiiu), ». [F. ; L. occario, fr. occt-
dere^ oecatum^ to fall down ; ob -f cadere to fall.] 1. A
falling out, happening, or coming to pass ; occurrence ;
incident. 2. A favorable opportunity; timely chance.
3. A condition of aff »irs which brings to pass an event ;
accidental or incidental cause. 4. Requirement ; neces-
■itv. * V. t. To give occasion to ; to induce.
Syn. — Need : incident ; use. See OppoETUKmr.
Oo-oa'ltoll-alt a. Port, to an occasion ; occurring at
times, but not constant or systematic ; casual.
Oo-Oa'alOII-al-ly, adv. in an occasional manner ; on
occasion : at times ; not regularly.
Oo^d-dent (5k'«T-d«»nt), n. [F. , f r. L. occidens, -dentit,
fr. Occident^ p. pr. of occidere.'\ The part of the hori-
son where the sun last appears in the evening ; the west ;
^opp. to orient. — Oo'oi-dtll'tal, a.
OOKdpl-tal (-sTp^-tal), a. [F.] Pert, to the occiput
— n. Tne occipital bone, which forms the posterior seg-
ment of the skull and surrounds the great foramen by
which the spinal cord leaves the crnninm.
Oo^d-pnt (Sk'sT-pBt), n. ; pi. L. Occipita (-sTpf-tA),
E. Occiputs. [L., fr. ob -f caput head.] Bick part of
the head or skull ; r«)gion of the occipital bone.
Oo-dudo' (-klud'), V. t. [L. oeriiutere, -cluxutn ; ob -f
daudere to shut.] To take in and retain ; to absorb ; —
■aid esp. of gases. — Oo-dn'slon, n.
Oo-CUf (-kfilf), a, [L. oeadere^ -eultum^ to cover
up, hide.] Hidden from the eye or understanding ; se>
cret ; unknown, ^r. t. To eclipse ; to hide from sight.
Oo'COl-ta'tifMI (OkOctil-tS'shfin), n. [L. orcfdtatio a
hiding, fr. occultare^ v. intens. of occutere.] The hiding
a heavenly body from sight by intervention of other
heavenly bodies : eclipse.
OCco-pant (SkOcft-pant), n. One who occupies ; one
in Doesession of a thing. — Oc/on-pail-oy, n.
Oo^CO-patton, n. l. An occupying or taking posses-
sion ; a being occupied. 2. That which engages the time
and Attention ; principal business of one's life ; vocation.
Syn. — O'^cupancy : possession : tenure ; use ; engage-
ment : vocation ; caiUng : offloe ; trade ; profession.
Oo^on-vy (-pi), v. t. [P. ocatper^ fr. L. occiipare ; ob
ord akin to eapert to take.] 1. To take or hold
possession of. 2. To hold, or fill, the dimensions of ; to
-J-awon
I akin to eapere to take.] 1. To take or hold
" ,thed
capaci
gage the service of ; to busy. — Oo'cil-pi'er, n.
Oo-oW (5k-k«r'), V. i. [L. oeeurrere, -aurtum / •» +
eurrere to run.] 1. To meet one's eye ; to app^ ; to
take place. 2. To come to the itdnd ; to surgect itself.
OOHoarTanoe, n. A happening; an incident
Syn. — See Event.
O'OMll (6'sl.a.i), n. [F. oeSany L. oeeonuM.'} 1. The
whole body of salt water covering more than ttaree fifths
of the earth's surface ; — called lOso the *ea. 2. One of
the large bodies of water composing the great ocean, as
the Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Antarctic oceans.
— a. Pert, to the great sea.
(Koe-aalo (S'sht-Sn^), a. pert, to the ocean ; found
in, produced by, or frequenting, the ocean.
(Kohar \ (ej'l.Sr), «. [F. octe, L. ochra. Or. mxpa, fr.
(Kdira ) •'XP^ P^^ yellow.] An impure eartliy era
of iron, used as a pigment in making paintp, etc —
O'^ar^ma, (Kdira^iia (kSr-fis), O'dur-y {-f), a.
Oola-gmi (5kt4-g0n), n. [Or. ^ra-ywros eight-cor-
nered; 6ffTa-(for&4CTweight)-fYwrta angle.]
A geometrical pluue hgure of b ddes and t
angles — Oo-tac^O-nal (-tSg'i.uol), a.
Oc-taff^-IIOll8(-tSjT-ufis),<7. lOcta'-^{
Or. Twifwife.] Hsving 8 pistils or styles.
Oc'U-lM'drOB (Sk'ti-liS'drSn), n. [Or.
hmd^ipo^t fr. bicrdtipiH eight-sided ; &rra-
-f ffipa base, Ir. e^«r«at to sit] A geo- OcUcon.
metrical solid bounded by 8 faces. The regular ooUhe-
dron is contained by 8 eaual equilateral
triangles. — Oc'ta-hc'diai, a.
Oc-tan'gu-lar (-ilc't; tt-lSr), a. [L. oe-
tangtilvt eight-cornered ; octo eight -f- ^
angvlut angle.] Having 8 angles ; eight-
angled.
Octahedron.
;tave (5k'ttv), n. [P. , fr. L. oetavut eighth, f r . odo."]
1. The eighth day after a cliurch fectival. 2. (o) The
eighth tone in the musical scale, {b) The scale itself.
Oc-ta'TO(-t&'\^),n. [L.,abl.ofoclar««.] A book made
of sheets eacli folded into 8 leaves ; site of such a book ; —
written 8\o or 8^. — o. Havhig eight leaves to a slieet
Oo-tan'lli-al (-t«n'nT-<7l), a. [L. oeienniwrn period of
eight years; ocfo -|- annus year.] Happening every
eighth yenr ; lasting eiglit years.
Oo-tnaioil (-tll'yfln), n. [L. orto -f Mlion, as hi E.
million.} By French (and American) numeration, the
number expressed by a unit with 27 ciphers annexed. By
the English method, a unit with 48 ciphers.
Oc-tOlMr (-tS'lSr), n. [L., eighth mouth of the old
Roman year, which began in March, fr. octo.} The lOlh
month of the year.
Oo^Chdaol-mo (5k/td-des^-m«), a. [L. octodecim
eighteen.] Having 18 leaves to a sheet— n. A book
compoeed of slieets each folded into 18 leave« ; a size of
book, whose sheets are so folded ; — usually written 18mo
or 18^, and called eighfeenmo. [of ape.)
Oo'tO-ga-Dall-ail (-jJ-nS'rl-ira), n. One eighty years|
Oo-tor«-iUi-r7 (Ck-tSi'^-ut-iy or 5kt«-jl-), o, [L.
octogenariuty it. oclogcni eighty each, oetoginta eighty,
fr. octoJ} Of eiglity years of age.
0(/tO-pod (0k't«-p5d), n. [Or. &<m& -f «oi^, ««Mc,
foot] A moliusk or insect liaving eight leg*.
Oorto-pna (Skoft-piis ; L. Ck-tyrfis), «
TOPOD.] The
devilfish; an ^^iMQssw^ ^M J ^/
eight -armed
cephalopod. i
OoM 0-
roon' (»k't«-
rS5nO,n. [L.
octo •\- -roon^
as in ouad'
roon.j Off-
spring of a Oetovm(Ocfcpit$ Bairdit).
quadroon and « ^oung Malt i 6 Tip of Arm.
white person ; mestee.
SeeOo-
fi, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, tt, 1^, short ; sraftte, gven^ tdeft, ttboy, Ikdke, tAn* linn, A*, tU, fbMd.
OCTOSYLLABIC
889
OFFING
OotO-syl-laMo (-sTl-Un/Tk), ) a. [L. octosifUabu*.']
Oo'tO-fiyMab'lO-al (-T-kal), i Coiisi«ting of eight
■ylUblMb [». A word of eight syllables. I
Oo'Myl'U-bto (Qkt«-i>Tl'li-b*l), a. Octoeyiiabic — |
0</t11-ple (-tttM>*Ot a. Ih. octuoliu.] Eightfold.
Oo'n-lir (-d-Ier)f a. [L. oetUnru^ It. octUus eye.]
1. Depending on the eye ; receiTed by actual tight ; jpor-
•onally seeing. 2. Pert, to the eye; optic. —n. Eye-
piece of an optical instrument, aa of a telescope or micro-
•cope. — Oo'n-lir-ly, adv. [ing diaoaseo of the eye. I
Oo^-Ult (-ITat), n. [L.ocu/fa.1 One akiUed hi treat-l
OAA (Bd)t a* [IceL oddi triangle, odd number.]
1. Not paired with another ; without a mate ; tingle.
2. Not diriaible by 2 without a remainder ; not capable
of being evenly paired. 3. Left over after a definite
round number hu been taken ; extra. 4. Remaining
over; occasional; inconsiderable. 6. Different from
what u usnal ; peculiar.
Sjm. — Unmatched ; strange ; queer. Bee Quaxxt.
OAA' Fel'lOW {61' mf\t). One of a secret fraternity,
Mtablished for mutual aid and social enjoyment.
01il-t7(-T-tj^).n. 1. Singularity. 2. Sometliingodd.
OslA'ly, oiiv, 1. In a pecvdiar manner ; queerly ; curi-
ously. 2. In a manner measured by an odd number.
Odd'BSM, n. 1. State of beuig odd, or not even. 2.
Singularly ; eccentricity ; uncouthneas.
OAdS ipiz), n, ting. & pL 1. Difference in favor of
one and against anotbor ; excess of one of two things over
the other; advantage; probability. 2. Quarrel; strife.
▲t odds, ki dispute ; at variance. — Odds and ends, that
which is left ; remnants ; scraps ; miscellaueous articles.
Oda (3d), n, [F., fr. L. ode^ Or. ^i} a Ivrio song.]
Lyrio poem ; poem of noUe sentiment and dignity of style.
0-ao'Oll(^48^u),t». [NL.,fr.Or.vd«rM',fr.i^i] A
theater, or hall for musical or dramatic performances.
CdlrOU (S'dT-fia), a. [L. odionu, fr. odium hatred.]
1. HatefuL 2. Caudng hatred or disgust; offensive;
dLruTTeeaUe. —^Sk^mm-lj, adv. — (Kdi-OlW-liew, n.
Sjrn. — Hateful ; detestable; disgusting; unpopular.
(Kdl-mil (-a n), n. [L., fr. odi I hate.] 1. Hatred ;
dislike. 2. Offensiveness.
Syn. — Odiuic ; Hatibo ; abhorrence ; detestation ; an-
tipathy.— We exersise hatred; we endure odium. The
fonnar has an active sense, the latter a paasivo one.
O-dom'd-tor (^-dSm^-tir), n. [Or. oiofitrpotf instru-
ment for measuring distances ; 66oi way -f t^trpov meas-
ure.] Inurnment to m«)asure distance traversed.
n O'don-tal'l^-a (Jy l5n-t«l'JT-4), n. [NL., fr. Or.
iiorroKyia ; h&v%% M irroi + cCAyof p du. J Toothache.
Cdoil-tol'O-fy (-WJl'ft-jy), n. lOdonto-4--iogy.'\ Sd-
enm of the teeth, their structure and development.
ClOT (CdJr), n, [L.] [Written also odour,} Any
■mell, fragrant or offensive ; soent ; perfume.
(Klor-ailt, a, [L. odornns, -rarUig^ p. pr.1 Fragrant.
Cydor-ifar-miS (-Ti'8r-a«), a. [L. odoHfer; odor +
ferre to bear.] Yielding an odor ; psrfumed ; fragrant.
— CVdor-lfer-oiis-ly, adv. — Cdor-lf or-oos-aeis, n.
(Kdor-OIIS (-fi 0, a. [Written al k> odourous. ] [L. o<f o-
nw, f r. odfor. 1 H iving an odor or scant ; fragrant ; sweet-
nn -filing, — (ydor-oni-ly, ndv. — (Kdor-oiw-iiMs, n.
<B Vll-TIMIl1>al (S.Vd-mSnT-kal), a. Ecumenical.
n (B-de^l (Mymi), n. HiirL., fr. Or. o'tirfua tumor.]
rWritten also edema. ] A swelling from effusion of watery
fluid in the cellular tissue beneath the skin or mucous
membrane.
O'er (5r), prep. & ndv. Contr. of Ovbr. [Poetic]
OB-lOpll'a-^^IIS (fi-^/&-gas), n. Rsnph>urii<i.
Of (Q/), prep, [AS. ; akin to L. nb^ Or. oir^.] From ;
proceeding from ; belonging to ; relating to ; rK>ncem{ng.
Off (5r), ndv. [Orig. same word as of.] From ; away
froTj. — interi. Away ; begone, ^prep. N it on ; away
from. — a. 0 1 the farther side : most di^fant.
Offtl (5f' frtl), n. [0/- 4- /"«.] 1. Waste parts of
• bntoiierad anim \1. 2. C trrion. 3. Refuse ; rubbish.
Of-feoot' (9f-fSnaO. n. Offense.
Of-fand' (-fSndO, V. t. [L. offendere, offeiuUm ; ob-^
fendere (in oomp.) to thrust.] 1. To dJaplease ; to al-
front. 2. To harm; toannoy.— v. i. 1. To sin. 2. To
cause anger or vexation ; to displease. — Of-faod'er, n.
Of-faOM' I (-fCns^), n. [L. Ojffe$ua.'\ 1. An offeud-
Of-fanoa' i ing ; a crime or sin ; an affront or injuiy.
2. A being offended or displeased ; auger.
Syn. — Displeasure ; resentment ; fault ; inaolt.
Of-fan'alTa (-iSu'sIv), a. 1. Oiving offense; annoy-
ing. 2. Oiving pain or unpleasant sensations ; revolting ;
noxious. 3. Making the first attack ; assailant ; — opp.
to de/ermve. — n. State of one who offends or attacks ;
act of the attacking party ; — opp. to defensive. — Of-
tan'alTa-ly, adv. — Of-fan'alTa-Baas, n.
Syn. — Displeasing ; disagreeable ; distasteful ; dis-
guising ; impertinent ; rude ; attacldug ; invading.
Offlar (Sf'fSr), r. I. [AS. offHan to sacrifice, fr. L.
offerre ; ob -\-/erre to bring.] 1. To present, as an act
ci worship; to sacrifice; to present in prayer or de-
votion. 2. To bring before ; to present for acceptance
or rejection. 3. To proffer ; to suggest ; to declare one^s
willingness. 4. To attempt. 6. To bid, as a price, re-
ward, or wages. 6. To threaten.
Syn.— To propose; move; sacrifice; immolate.
—V. i. 1. To present itself ; to be at hand. 2. To
attempt or try.— n. 1. An offering, proposing, or bid-
ding; firstadvance. 2. A proposal to be accepted or re-
jected ; sum offered ; bid. 3. Attempt. — Oflar-ar, n.
Oftor-lng, n. 1. A proffering. 2. Something pre-
sented as an expiation for sin, or as a gift ; sacrifice.
Oftor-ta-ry (-t*-ry), n. [L. offertorium place to
which offerings were brought.] 1. (a) Anthem chanted,
or voluntary played on the organ, during the Roman
Catholic Mass. (6) ObhOion of the elements. 2. (a)
Scripture sentences Mid or sung, during the collection
of the offerixigs. {V\ The offerings themselves.
OfPluUld< GbSnaOt a. Instent ; ready ; extemporane-
ous, ^adv. In an offhand manner.
Offflaa (-fit), n. [F., fr. L. offieium^ for opifieium;
op« wealth, h»iip -{■ faeere to make.1 1. Whatever one
does for (^ers ; customary duty. 2. A special duty or
charge officially conferred for a public purpose ; position
of trust or authoritv. 3. Something performea or as-
signed to be done ; function. 4. Place where a particu-
lar business is transacted. 6. Company, corporation, or
persons collectiveljN doing business in an office.
Offioa-htil^'ar (-hSld'ir), n. An officer ; placeman.
Of fl-oar (5''fr-«8r), n. [F. officier.] One who holds
an office, civil, militery. or ecclesiastical. — r. /. 1. To
furnish with officers. 2. To command as an officer.
Of-fl'olal (-nsh'al), a. [L. offlcinlis.] 1. Pert, to an
offic<^ or public trust. 2. DeriviH) from the proper office
or offioftr, or from proper authority ; made by virtue of
authority. 3. Approved by the pbarmarop(»ia ; ap-
pointed to be nned in medicine. Cf. Ofticimal. — n.
One who hoHs office ; a subordinate executive officer.
Of-fl'dtl-iam, n. The being official ; system of offi-
cial gnvemm«mt ; adh<»rence to office rontine ; red-tape.
Of-fl'Oitl-ly, ^^r. By the proper officer ; by virtue of
the pr^'>r authority ; in pursuance of special powers.
Oi-fl'ol-a^a (-T-5t), V. i. [LL. officinre, -atum.] To
act aA an offin<>r : to transact public business.
Of-flyi-ntl (5f-fl»nf-nfll or 5f'fT-*I'nfll), a. [F., fr. L.
officinn workshop; opvs work •\- facere to do.] K«pt
in stock by apothecaries ; — said of medicines whirh msfr
be obtained without npecial preparation ; not magistral.
Of.fl'olOOV (-fTsh'iis), a, [L. offUiiotus.y I^nportu-
nately interpo^inir services ; meddlesome. — Of-ft'olOIIS-
ly, adv. — Of-fl'otoiis-iiaaa, n.
Syn. — Impertinent ; meddling. See iMPBRnimiT.
Offlnv (SfOfng), n. [Fr. off.] Thst part of the sea
where there is deep water and no need of a pilot ; dis-
tance from the shore.
fSm, rec«nt, 6rb, r^de, Uflt il^^ food, fo^t, out, oil, ehair, so, sinsi Ml^ then, tliia.
OFFISH
390
OLYMPIC
ir. r requeuuy.
LL. auffiva.'} An
Omih (QfTab), a. Bby ; rMenred. iCoOoq. U. S.^
OffWMlWlllS (-Akour'TuK), n. That whicb b ■coured
off; reiuM ; auything vile or despiaed.
Off'Mt' (5f' aetO. n, 1. A thing set off, from, before,
or agaiutot, nomethmg. 2. A short prostrate shoot of a
Dlaiit, which takes root and produces a tuft of leaves, etc.
8. A sum or rtlvM set off against another sum or account,
as an equivalent ; set-oft. 4. Spur from a range of moun-
tains. 6. Horizontal Xe^ffe on the face of a wall ; —
called also sei-off. 6. In sunreving, distance measured at
right angles from a line actually run to some point in an
irregular boundary. 7. In printing, a transfer of a
printed page or picture to the opposite page.
Off-set' (8f-s8f or St'aSt/), v. t. 1. To set off; to
balance. 2. To form an offset hi (a wall, rod, pipe, etc.).
OffsllOOt' (Of'sho&t/), n. That which shooU off or
semirates from a main stem, channel, race, etc.
Off'iprillff' (Sf'sprTng^), n. ting. & pi. Anything pro-
duced ; chUd or children ; descendant or descendants.
Oft (5ft), adv. [AS. ; nkin to 0. o/t.1 Often ; not rare-
ly; many times. ^ a. Frequent; repeated. IPoetic]
Ofltn (Sfn), «fr. [Formerly also oJ^fr.o//.] Fre-
quently ; many times ; not seldom. — OftMl-nMS, n.
OMsn-tlllMr, Oft'tlmar (-tImxO, adv. Frequently.
0-E^ {t-Wh *•• [P* ogiv€t attqive^ LL. augiva.'^ An
architectural molding, whose section is — "^
as shown in the Illustration.
(KslA (O'gM), V. t. [Akin to O. augeln
to ogle, ft. auge eye.] To view with side
glances, as in f ondneM, or to attract no-
tice.*n. An amorous side glance.—
(Kclor, n.
O'gre (ygJr), n. [F., fr. Sp. ogro^
ft. L. OrcHS god of hell.] Oiant living on Ogee,
human beings ; cruel monster. — CKKre-llll, o.
(Kgrass (S'grSs), n. [F. ogreste.J A female oi^re.
Oh (5), interj. An exclamation of surprise, pain, sor-
row, anxiety, a wish, etc., according to tone and manner.
Olm (^m), n. [Fr. the Gennan electrician, O. 8.
OAm.] The stuidard unit of electrical resistance ; the
resistance of a column of roercnry 1 square millimeter in
section and lOG centimeters in length.
Oil (oil), n. [OB. & OF. oi7«, fr. L. oleum.'\ An unc-
tuous combustible substance, of animal, vegetable, or
mineral origin, and used for food, solvents, lubrication,
illumination, etc. * v. t. To smear or anoint with oil.
Oil caks, a mass of compremed aeeda from which oil has
been extracted. — Oil sas, inflnmmahle gas procured from
oil, and used for lighting streets, houses, etc.
Oll'olOth' (-klBthOi n. Cloth treated with oil or paint,
and ii«^ for making mrments, covering floors, etc.
On'er(oil'Sr),n. 1. A dealer in oils. 2. OnethatoOs.
Ofll-nem (-T-n»s), n. The being oily.
Onrnin, n. A dealer in oils.
OU'Btone' (-Bt9n'), n. A hone
slnte, or whetstone, used for
whetting tools when lubricated
with oil.
OUT i-S)^ «• 1- Consisting of,
containing, or like, oil: unctuous;
oleaffinouB. 2. Covered with oil ;
gi-easy. 3. Smootlily subservi-
ent; supple: insinnating.
Olnfmoilt ( oint ' mf nt ), n.
[OF. oignrment^ fr. L. ungiiere
to anoint.] That which serves
to anoint : An unguent.
O'ker (yic^r), n. Orher.
O'kra (SHcri), n. An annual
f>Unt, whose green pods, abound-
ng in nutritions mncilage, are „. ^ .^..^^
uaed for aonpn, stews, or pickles ; "'"*' "«"c~-
gumbo. [Written nlso orra and ochrn.^
Old (5Id), (7. [AS. aid, eald ; akin to O. alt, also to
L. aUrt to nooriih.] 1. Not young; advanced far in
{rears or life. 2. Not new or fresh ; having exiatad for a
ung time. 8. Formerly ezi»tiug; ancient; original.
4. Continued in life ; having (a certain) length of exist-
ence. 6. Louff practiced ; experienced ; cunning. 6.
Long cultivated. 7. Worn out ; weakened or exhausted
by use. 8. Aged ; antiquated ; wanting hi vigor. 9. Old-
fashioned ; wonted ; as of old ; gay ; jolly.
014 maid, a woman, somewhat advanced in years, who
has never been marned ; a spinster. — Old Tsstaasnt, the
parU of the Bible written before the time of Christ.
Syn. — Aged ; antiquated ; obsolete. See Amcisvt.
OIA'MI (51d'*n), a. Old. —v. i. To grow old ; to ag«.
OlA'^-fMlllOMd C-flshthid ), a. Formed according to
obsolete fashion ; adhering to old cuatoms or ideas.
Oldtlh, a. Somewhat old.
OlA'-maldlsll (-midTsh), a. Like an old maid ; prim
precise ; particular. [eluding the olive.
II Ole-a (5^M), n. [L., olive.! A genus of trees in-
O^to-agl-IIOilS (-KJT-ufis), a. [L. oleaginus, f r. olea.
Like oil ; oily ; unctuous. — OlO-f l-mms-Ban, «i.
OlA-AB'der (-in'dSr), n. [F. ollatidre, prob. cormp.,
under the influence of /<nirw« laurel, fr. L. rhododendron^
Or. poi6itv6po¥ ; ^6iov rose -f- 5ci«6por tree.] A poison-
ous evergreen shrub of the Dogbane family. [tree. I
Oao-Ulcr(-i(s't8r),n. [L., f r. ofea.] The wild olive |
OlO-O-nuuffa-lllie (-^-mKr'gi-rTn or -rSii), m. [L. ole-
um 4- E. margarine, margarin?] [Written also oleomar-
garin.] 1. A liquid oil made from animal fats. 2. Arti-
ficial butter made by churning this oil with milk.
OlO-om'^-tor (•om't-tSr}, n. [L. oleum + -wuUr.']
Instrument to test the weight and purity of oil.
Ol-fao^O-rF (51-fik't«-i^), a. [L. Ofacert, 'factum,
to smell ; olere to have a smell + faoere to make.] Pert,
to the sense of smell. — n. Organ, or sense, of vroelL
O-ltll'a-BVm (ft-lTb^i-nOm), n. [hL., fr. Ar. oMtcten.]
A fragrant gum resin ; Oriental frankincense.
On-car'oliy (Olt-gir'ky), n. [Or. IfuyapxU ; &A^yet
few -f- opvcir to rule.] Government in which supreme
power is m the hands of a few persons ; also, those wlio
form the ruling few.— OM-gai^Ohal {-pu^kal), 011-
gw'olilo (-kTk), OrH;ar'oblo-ia (-kT-kal), a.
OOi-O (jyn-t or Sl'yi), n. [Sp. oUa earthem pot, dlih
of boiled meat, f r. L. oUa pot, diaih.] A mixture ; medley.
Ori-TA'OOOIIS(Ql'T-vi'sblU),a. [L. o/ieo olive.] Like
the olive, or of its color ; olive-green.
OllTO (QlTv), n. [F., fr. L. oliva, akin to Or. JAa«s.]
1. (a) A tree of Southern
Europe, which is culti-
vated for its fruit, and
whose tomches are the em-
blems of peace. (&) Fruit
of the olive, used for mak-
ing pickles. OUve oil is
pressed from Its flesh. 2.
The color of the olive, com-
posed of violet and green.
II OlOa-po-dzl'dA (8F1^
pft-drS'di), n. [Sp., Ut., a
rotten pot. See Oua 1 1.
A Spanish dish, oonaisting
of several kinds of meat
chopped fine, and stewed
with vegeUbles. 2. Any
incongruous mixture ; olio.
Ol'O-fT (-^-J^)) n. [See -loot.] A colloquial or hu-
morous name for any science or branch of knowledge.
0-lym'pl-ad (6-lTm'pT-id), n. iQr. hkvtiwUt, -«&k, fr.
'OAvfAirof Olympus, a mountain in Macedonia.] Period
of four years in Grecian chronology.
O-lym'pi-an (-an), \ a. Pert, to Olympus, a mountain
0-lym'piO (-pTk), f of Thessaly, fabled as the seat of
the gods, or to Olympis, a small plain in Ella
Olyapk gaass, or Oljvptcs, the great national festival
S, 6, 1, 9, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, a, ti ^^on ; amIUe, 8vent, tdea, 6bey, Unite, oAre, firm, Ask, |pl, fln«L
OMASUM
391
OPEN
of the aadent Greeks, eotuAMag of athletic ^amee and
raf-OT. rf TrVrrrtrtl nrce Id fowT yenrt at Olympuu
O-ma'Eiiiij. '.'-atci). PI. [L.] Kl'-' MAATFLlie.
0 aifi'gi ■,..-,,.^'^j. i.r ' 5'Qs^.ifi), n. [NL., fr. Or. £
^470, i.e., (Twat or lan^ o. ] 1. Lmi letter tif the Greek
■Jpbn^jct. 2. Th-e mul ^ J«ath. [bf^jiUMj, and fried. I
Oin'«-l«* (Om'MBE iff 5i*i'lit^, n* [F. QimttUe.^ SggftI
CPmill (o^m^n), n. [L.] An IndiraUcict or action re-
i;3irHle«l fu iforuhowine \ ii lorebtKliij^ \ pre^^iige ; augury.
— -iN f. Ti-- fore5hf>w by nlnrus or nortejttfl.5 tu augur.
O-ntentnin ($-[;LSi]rtrtiuK n, [L.] A fioe fold of the
peritimiturn, or on** oervini; to irortjiuct viieera, support
blO'Ni Ti^Ji4r]A> r<ti\ — O-dien^tal, a-
Om'l-astll <^WtQl'na:»\ « [L nminoJiugi fr. OfnenJ]
Pftrt, t*^ ocmmK; fti|,'iiLtlic^,int : iirnniiMU^LiH ; foreboding
erii — Om'l aoQi^lT^ ^^^' — Otul'iioiU'nen, n.
0-mls'sl ble fft-ruTj^M ii'l). a. TIvaI luay be omitted.
O-miS'SlOil ( ' iJiT*h' Rj I ) , F*/ t U oj» M jjVj. ] L An omit-
tiiirf r [ii'fi'i'«-t' 3' Tliat wJiich is left imdoii**,
O^Blit' (S-mIt'), r. /. [U omUttrff^ omitmm; ob +
mfit-trt',^xt<A.] 1, Tulet^: to leave ^ut. 2. To pass
by ; t'l kiv* uinloiie; to neglect*
Om'ul-biia ^Iiiu^4-b1^«), n. [L., for all, dat. pL fr.
o™ j^ i r a I L ] Lri ijr f qut- whei^Ierl Cftrri^ge, f fir itiany people.
Otn' iil-Q|^il''Qii4 ( - lE^ rT- Hi), a. [ L. oifi n ifuriiu ; omnia
Om nlf'lc 1 ntitk ), a. [Gmni- -^^ L. -/c^rf*? (In comp.)
to Tuik e- ] All -cr^-jtl 11 g^.
Om oip'O-tent ( -n T p'^ - 1 rut >. rt. [ F. . f r, L omnipotens^
-trnfLf ; omnh -|- pffi^iu p<iwi»Tful.] AUlis in <'V<^ry respect ;
ajtiiiifUty. — 0m-nlp'(M«iiD9. Om nlF'o-teiiay, n.
fri/. ] Pn^^.^ijt in ,i]l |>Licea ;it tiho HiUDe tliuc< « ubiquitous.
— Om Etl prm^eac^, ".
O m nls^clent :. - r 1 T ^ 1 1 V n l 1 , c?, [Om n (- -^ L. tcienSy -en-
ti*f p. pr, 0! AMrf t» kwowO Kiiowlimt ail things; in-
fliiitely wise. — Om-nSs'otMIM, n.
n Om-niv'O-n (-nTv^-rA), n. p/. [NL.] A group of
ungulate mammals Including the hog and hippopotamua ;
— also applied to bears, and to certtun passerine birds.
Om-Oir'O-roill (-rtts), a. [L. omnivorus; omnU •\-
-*»'-arc to eat greedily.] All-devouring ; eating everything
indiscriminately ; eatmg both animal and vegetable food.
iOm^^hJI-lM (5m'fA-159), n. [Gr. Sfu^oAos.] Navel.
1 (5n), prep. [AS. on, an ; akin to OS. & G. mi, L.
t »-, in nnhelare to pant, Gr. aWL] The general signifl-
CAUon of on is situation, motion, or condition with respect
to contact or support beneath; as: — 1. At the upper
part of a tiling, and supported by it. 2. To or against
the surface of. 3. By means of ; with. 4. At or near.
6. In addition to ; besides. 6. With confidence in. 7.
At the time of ; during. 8. In consequence of, or fol-
lowing. 9. Toward ; for. 10. At the peril of. 11. By
virtue of. 12. To the account of. 13. In relation to.
14. Occupied with ; in the performance of. 16. In the
service of ; connected with ; of the number of. — adv,
1. Forward, in progression; onward. 2. Forward, in
succession. 3. In continuance; without ceasing. 4. Ad-
hering ; not off. 6. Attached to a body, as clothing or
om-xment. 6. In progress ; proceeding.
OnM (wttns), adv. [OE. ones, fr. one, on, an, one.]
1. By limitation to the number one ; for one time only.
2. At aome indefinite time ; ever ; formerly.
At OBoa. (<i) At the same point of time ; immediately.
(&) At the same time : simultaneously ; in one body.
II On' dlt' (to' d*0. [F.] They say. — n. A rumor.
One (w&i), a. [AS. dn. Same word as the indefinite
article a, an.] 1. B^inor a single unit or thing, and no
more; individual. 2. Denoting a person or thing indefi-
nitely. 3. Closely bound together ; undivided. 4. Sin-
gle in Und ; the same. ^ n. 1. A single unit. 2. Symbol
representing a unit, as 1, or i. 3. Single person or thing.
An oae, of the same or equal nature, or consequence. —
At one, in agreement or concord.
On'or-OlW (Sn'Sr-fis), a. [L. onerosus, fr. omu, onerit,
load.] Burdensome; oppressive.
OnVnild'od ( wttn'dd'ed), a. Having one side only, or
one side prominent ; limited to one side ; partial ; unfair.
Onion (iiu'yfin), n. [F. oanan, fr. L. unio unity,
single large pearl, onion.] A Uliaoeous plant, liaving a
strong-flavored bulb ; also, its edible bulbous root.
Only (5n'lJ^), a. [AS. Sn/tc, i. e., onelike.] 1. One
alon«9 ; single. 2. Alone in its class. 3. Preeminent ;
chief.— oov. 1. In one manner or degree; simply;
barely. 2. So and no otherwise; solely; wholly.
3. Singly ; without more. — conj. Save or except (that).
On'0-nuro-pOB'ia (Sn^d-mSt/^-pSfyA), n. [Gr. ovofitu-
roiroita ; ofcuta, -ftarof , name -f- wouiiv to make.] Forma*
tion of words to imitate the sound of the thing ; as, buzs
of bees; erackie of fire. — On'O-maro-pOB^ (-pS^k),
On'0-nut'0-po-«t1o (-p«-«tTk), a.
On'Mt' (&u'B«tO, n. A setting upbn ; attack.
On'slangllt' (-^iftt'), n . [OE. on -|- tlanghi slaughter.]
An attack ; furious assault. [ot ; upon ; c
Onto (-t66), ortfp. [On-i-lo. Cf. IWTO.] On the t
OB-t(A'<Kty (-tSl'^-iJ^), fi. [Gr. w'a things which
exist ( * -' -* " -- — *--■ --• -'-— *" *^^
+ •
(■ *
ghter.l
1 ; on.f
he top I
,, _ „ which
xist (neut.j^. of uv, orrtK, being, p. p.. of tlytu to be)
-'logy.'] Science of being, in general. — OB'tO-lOCflo
t«.15rrt), On'tO-IOf lo-ll(-l-kfll). a.
II O'nns (S^nOs), n. [L.] A burden ; obligation.
On'ward (Ou'wSrd), a. 1. Moving in a forward di-
rection; forward. 2. Advanced toward an end.— adv.
Toward a point in front ; forward ; progressively.
On'warai (-wSrdz), ddv. Onward.
O'nyz (S'liTks or ouTks), n. [Gr. ow^ claw, finger
nail, gem. J Chalcedony in layers of dillerent colors.
0^1it« (S'^-Ut), n. [Gr. ifov egg + -/i/e ; — because
resembling roe of fish.] A variety of limestone, consist-
ing of small round grams. — O^tf-Iitlo (-ITtTk), a.
0-»'0-gy (ft-W'ft-jy), n. [Gr. ifoy -f- -iogy.2 Science
of eggs. — (KV-lOKlo-al (jyft-ICi^-kal), o.
Ot/iimg (o&'lotig), fi. [Cliiuese, green dragon.] A
fragrant black tea. [Written also ouionff.J
Ooze (55z), n. [AS. tcaie dirt, mud.] 1. Soft mud or
slime. 2. Liquor of a tan vat. — r. i. & t. 1. To flow
gently ; tr- pfTi-nl.iffi. 2. To leak (out) slowly.
Qoz'y, *J. MiryL 4'i-iEj^^jin{Q» soft mud.
0-pAtflXj i,^i^L^-tf\ n. 1. A being opaque; want
of IriiisuMin-nry. 2, Obnc urity ; want of clearness.
O-pake' {A-i>i}(')i '^^ Opaque.
O'l^ (S^pjl), n. [Gr, oiroAAtos.] A mineral consist-
ini^ of A[licji« but It'H iisn! than quartz.
TT?^' Tlie jneHfH^ o/>nf iiresents a peculiar play of col-
or» I'f ifvlii ;itv ttiitd, imd i^ highly esteemed as a gem.
0 pAl-»s«fl' t-*i^). 1'. ^' To give forth a play of colors.
O' pal em'cisnt { ^ ^1 1 1 ^, it Reflecting a milky or pearly
liF>il fr nif* inU'Hor ; h>iving an opaline play of colors.
— 0 paVeH'(M3ao«i« n. [ing changeable colors.!
Cpal-lae (<y|fn Tii>, ft. Like, or pert, to, opal ; hav-|
0 pBqB0Mfl-l»ak'J, ff, [F., fr. L. o/KictM.] Impervi-
oun til ra>>cit hght ; nF>t transparent.— O-poqne'neM. n.
Ope ^ofii. 'f. OppiK — I , /. A I. To open. lPoetic'\
OfptU\oYu).fi. [AS] 1. Free of access; not closed
or |Hrfrt*iiil[iir |i.-i«!WEe ; not locked up or covered over;
afiivnjiii^ r.'OTurniniifMinr or approach. 2. Free to be
usMi, onjiTi--,!, vi-iT^'li, r^h-. ; public ; impmteoted ; ex-
posed. 3. Fmt ol obiitrncLion ; sccessible. 4. Not drawn
together or contracted ; expanded. 6. (a) Without re-
serve or false pretense ; frauk ; liberal, (ft) Not con-
cealed, secret, or disguised: apparent. 0. Not frosty
or inclement; mild. 7. Not settled or determined.
8. Free; disengaged. 9. (a) Uttered with a wide
opening of the articulating organs ; — said of vowels ;
as, the a in fXr is open as compared with the a in ri[y.
(6) Uttered, as a consonant, with the oral passage simply
narrowed without closure, as in uttering «.
Syn. — Unclosed ; exposed ; plain ; obvionx ; public ;
unreserved ; frank ; artless. See Candid, and Ingbmxtods.
t9vn, raoent, 6rb, r^do, f ^^ ttni, fdbd, fcn»t, out, oil, oliair, go, ting, i|}k, then, fh'**-
OPEN
392
OPPRESSION
<KMn4y , adv. — (KMn-ni .
(Kpia-lUUld'Od (.hind'SL), a.
(Kptn-hMlt'Od (.bKrt'ed), a.
OfjfUt (O'p*o)« n. Open spAce ; elear land, withont
trees or obatructions ; open ocean ; open water. — r. /. & t .
1. To make or set open ; to unclose. S. To bpresd ; to
expand. 8. To diadoae ; to discover ; to render available
for settlement, trade, etc. 4. To enter upou ; to begin.
6. To loosen or make leas compact. — O'J^tll-tf, n. —
Oeneroos; liberaL
_ ^ , „ Candid; generous.
0]^or-A (9p^4)^ n. [It., fr. L. (^pera pains, work,
fr. optUj operis, labor.] 1. Musical drama, consisting of
recitative, arias, choruses, duets, etc., with orchestral
accompaniment, coatumes, scenery, and action. 2. Score
of a musical drama. 3. House for exhibiting operas.
II Opera flaM, a short telescope with concave eye lenses
of low power ; a lorgnette.
Op'er-At* (-it), r. i. [L. operan\
•ratuMf to work, fr. <fpus^ operis.'\ 1.
To perform a work or labor ; to act.
To produce an appropriate physical
effect. 3. To exert moral power or
influence. 4. To perform some nu«n-
ual act upon a human body, usually
with instruments, in order to restore
health. 6. To speculate in stocks, etc.
Opera Glau.
[Brokers' Canf]
}a. Pert, to, or characteristic
of, the opera.
••V. /. 1. To cause. 2. To put into operation or activ-
ity; to work.
0^er-«t1o (-ItTk),
O^er-aflo-al (-T-kai), .
Oy'Mr-A'ttoll (-i'shtin), n. 1. An operating ; agency ;
exertion of power. 2. Mode of action. 3. Anything
accomplished ; effect brought about in accordance with
a plan. 4. A mathematical transformation indicated by
rules or symbols. 6. A surgical action on the human
body, to produce remedial effect, as in amputation, etc.
(m'er-A-tiT* (-t-tTv), a. l. Exertmg force. 2. Pro-
ducing the designed effect ; efRcacious. 3. Consisting of
>urgi<»l operations. — ». A skilled worker ; artisan.
Chi'er-A'tor (-S^tSr), n. [L.] One that operates.
(^er-«t'U (0p^r-«t^t4), n. [It., dim. of opera.] A
abort, light, mtisical drama.
Op'er-OM' (-8s'), a. [L. operotutf fr. optUf operiSy
labor.] Laborious. — Op'er-CM'llMUl, n.
0^1-el«ide (OfOr-klid), n. [F. ophiclHde, fr. Or. o^if
serpent 4- «Ati«, xAtiidf , key. "^
Bo named as being the serpent,
an old musical instrument, with (
keys added.] A large brass
wind instrument, of loud tone,
deep pitch, and a compass of three octaves.
llO-phkll-a (^-Hda-i), n. pi. [NL., fr. Or. i^^ter,
dim. of h^i%
snake.] Order
of reiitiles in-
cluding the
serpents. — 0-
Idlldl-SB, a. &
KTs'fT-Bl'ft-
), n. [Or.
. t« 4- -/oi7?a]
Natural historv
of the ophidi-
ans.or serpents.
— 0'phl-0^0-
glit(-jTf»t).n.
Ophiclcide.
Ophfdia.
A fletd of SnnkP ( RMn(fnru») slUed to Co-
bra i /y Henfl ol n Coliibrin« Snake ( T/xi/iif/-
Oph-thAl'- ountwt mttiix) i C Head ul a Vipuriiic Snaki*
ml-a («f-th«l'. (^^t*'^*")-
mT-A), n. [L., fr. Or. hiAaXiiiti, fr. MaXjiA^ eye, akin*
to E. optic J\ Inflammation of the coats of ttie eye or of
the eyeb'Ul. [th« r««rion of, th« eye ; ocular. I
OPll-tludllllo, n, [Or. M^aAMuc<k.] Pert, to, or in|
Opll-Uudlny C-m]^), n. Optttlialmia.
(Kpl-at* (S'pl-tt), fi. Medicine containing opium, and
iuducaig bleep or repose ; a narcotic. — a. Bumuif erooa ;
narcotic ; anodyne ; causing rebt, dullness, or inaction.
O'PllM' (6-piu'), v.t & i. [L. opiMon, -nahuJ] To
judge : to think : to suppose.
O-nnlQa (-plu'yliu), n. [F., fr. L. c^nto.] 1. That
which is opined ; a notion ; Judgment. 2. Decision of a
Judge, umpire, etc., called on to decide a poii.t submitted.
8jm. — Motion ; idea : view. Sec SBRTmiirr.
O-plnlon-a'ted, O-pblon-A-ttve (-A-tiv), a. suff in
adhering to one*s own opinion ; obstinate. — O-pln'lOB-
a-tivtt-ly, adv. — O-plnlon-A-ttTA-iMM, ».
(ynl-Qm (S^pT-Um), n. [L., f r. Or. ovior poppy juice.]
Inspissated Juice of the wliite poppy, a stiuulaiit nar-
cotic poison, used in medicine to soothe pain and inflam-
mation, and smoked as an intoxicant.
OpivB ioiat, a low resort of opium smokers. [ Slang]
Op'O-Ml'dOO (Sp'ft-dei'dSk). n. [Bo called by Paracel-
sus.] A solution of soap in alcohol, witli camphor, etc
O-pOB'Slllll (ft-p9»'»nm), fi. An American maraupiaL
Op-po'teat (Sr-pS'nent),!!.
[L. opponens^ -nentiSj p. pr. of
opponere to set against ; ob -f-
poT.ere to place.] Situated in
front ; opposite ; adverse.— n.
One who opposes.
Syn.— Antagonist: oppoaer;
foe. See Adtsrsary.
OP'Mr-tlina' (Sp'i 6r4unO,
a, [£. opportnnusy lit., at or
before the port ; ob -f- root of
porttu harbor J Convenient ;
timely. — Op^por-tVlM^yi
adv. — Op^por-tUlM^ess, n.
Op'por-tim'itm (-Ts'm), n.
L taking advantage of oppor-
tunities, or of seeking iromedi
ate advantage with little re- Common Oj
gurd for ultimate conse-
quences. — Op'por-timlst, n.
)p(iMUni (/>i(/r(-
phiff lirgiHiana).
[7?fr^
Op'pqr-tll^-ty (-tu'uT-tJ^), n. [F. opportuniti, L.
oppoHunitng.'] Fit or convenient time ; chance.
Hyn. — OppoRTUHrrr ; OocAUOzr ; convenience ; occur-
rence. — An occtmon is tlmt which falls in our way, or
presents itself in the course of events: an ovjorttmHy is
a fitneas of time, place, etc., for the doing of a thing.
Op-pos'a-llto (-pSz'4-b'l), a. 1. Capable of being
resisted. 2. Capable of being placed opposite something
else ; as, the tliumb is opjfosabie to the forefinger.
Op-pOM' f^'*'^' **• '• ^^' ^PP*>^^' Cf. L. oppanerv,
'potitum.'] jL To place in front of, or over against ; to
exhibit. 2. To put in opposition, so as to counter-
balance ; to set against. 3. To resist ; to confront. 4. To
compete w^ith. — r. <. 1. To be set oi^posite. 2. To ob-
ject. — Op-pOB'er, n.
Syn.— To combat ; withstand ; deny; gainsay: obetruct.
C^pO-llte ( Sp'p^-zTt ), a. [F., ir. L. op^tontvs.']
1. Placed over against ; facing. 2. Extreraeh diflerent ;
inconsistent; contrary; anU^gonistic.^n. Tliat which
is opposed or contrary. — Op'pO-attO-ly, adv. — Op'po-
otto noai. n.
Op'pO-ld'tlOll (-zTshlin), n. [F., fr. L. oppo*Uio.'\ 1.
An opposing ; an attempt to defeat. 2. The being plact d
HO as to front sometliing else.. 3. Repugnance ; autip&Uty.
4. That which opposes ; an obstac le ; in politics, the party
opposed to the party in power. 6. Situation of a heavenly
body with respect to another when in the part of the
heavens directly opposite to it, or 180° apart from it.
Op'po-altlon-lBt, n. One of the oppodtion party.
Op-poS'l-ttT* (-'■5z'T-tT v), a. Capable of beinp cppowd.
Op-praas' (-priJ/), r. t. [F. oppretser^ fr. L. opprimere^
'prffttrtm ; ob -^ premere to press.] 1. To impose ex-
cessive burdens upon ; to treat cruelly. 2. To produce
a sensation of weisht in (some part of the body).
Op-prea^Slon (-prSHh'Qn), n. [F., fr. L. oppressio.'\
8, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; &, fi, 1, 5, tt, j^, short ; aenUte, ^vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, c4re, ttrm, Aak, nil, flnah
OPPRESSIVE
393
ORCHESTRA
probi
1. An opprmfngt or being oppreoMd. 2. Hardthlp or
in^oaiice ; tjrrmuiijr. 3. Deprv«Hion ; lusitude.
{^p-pnaaftWB (Sp>pr&/Iv), a. 1. Uureasouably bur-
deaaoma; uuju«tiy iMvere or banb. 2. Hard to be
borne. —0>jnsit¥«-ly,m/v. — Op-pnM'nr*-iMMt »•
Op-preia'or (-3r), n. [L.] One wbo httraueit oUiers
with unjuBt 1 iW8 or unreasonable severity.
O^pronul-aill (-prO^brl-Hj), a. 1. KxpreMiTO of op-
trobnum ; ocurriloua. 2. Inlamoua ; rendered Iiatef uL
, (ufp. — Op-proairi-oa»-]i6M, n.
m), n. [L., fr. ob -|- probrum re-
proacb, disgrace.] DUgrace ; abubive language.
Op-pogn' (-punOf v* ^ IL. oppugnare ; ob + pugnare
to fight. J To flgbt against ; to resist. — Op-pagn'or, n.
Op-pujr'Aail-OT (-plig'uau-sj^), n. Resistance.
Op^tft-aTa (Sp'ti-tTv), a. [L. optativus, fr. oplare to
wish.] Expresaing desire or wiah.— n. The optative
mood, that form of a verb, in Greek, Sanskrit, etc., wUidi
exprssaes a wish or desire ; a verb in the optative mood.
OpHo (-tTk), n. Organ of sight j an eye.
-Op-pro'lul-oiis-ly, adv
OMroHtol-WB (-am), f
roacn, disgrace.] Disgn
OP'UJ.. }
8UK i au c/v.
r. bwrucot ; akin to mint
(^HOHd, f sight, « jr face, L. oeultu eye.] 1. Pert.
to vUion or sight 2. Pert, to the eye ; ocular ; as, the
rie nerves diatributed to the retina. See Illust. of En.
R *lating to the science of optics.
Optie aai^ the angle included between the optic axes
of the two eyes when directed to the same point.
Op-tf oUn (-tTih'uu), n. Daaler in optical instruments.
Op^tlM (Sp'tTkti), i». [Cf. F. optique^ L. optice^ Or.
&wn«ii (sc. Btmpia).] Physical science of the nature and
propertiee of light and phenomena of vision.
OpTti-iBlsraC-tT-mTs^m), n. [h, optimusbeti.'] 1. Doc-
trine that everything in nature, being the work of Ood,
la ordered for the best, or to produce the highest good.
8. Diaposition to tike the most hopeful view ; — opp. to
peuimUm, — Op'tl-Illlat, n. — Op'ti-mls'tio, a.
Op'ttoa, n. [L. oj^io : akin to oplare to choose.]
X. Power of choosing ; right of election ; an alternative.
2. Choioe. 3. Right to sell or buy stock at a certain
price, and at a given future time.
8yn. — OpnoH: Choicb; preference; selection.—
Choice Is an act of chooaiug ; option often means liberty
to choose, and implies freedom in choosing.
Op'ttOB-al, a. Involving an option ; not compulsory.
Op'O-Umt (-tt-lent), a. [L. opulens^ opulentus^ f r. ops^
3»fj, power, riches.] Having large estate or property ;
ch. — 0p^-lMiM7, adv. — Op^-lenoe (Sp'tt-lfus), n.
II (ypoM (S^ptta), n. / pi. Opbka (Op^-rA). [L.] A
work ; esp., a muaical composition.
Or (Or), eonj. [A3, iwder^ CO itr. fr. ShwrnSer; d aye
4- hwxifer whether.] A particle that marks an alterna-
tive. It corresponds to either.
Or'A-dto (5r'*.k'l), II. [P., fr. L. oraculumj fr. orare
to speak, pray, fr. o«, om, moutli.] 1. Answer of a
god to an inquiry respecting a future event. 2. Deity
supposed to give the answer ; place where it was given.
3. Ravelations delivered by Ooa to the prophets ; the en-
tire sicred Scriptures ; — usually in pi. 4. One reputed
wiae. 6. A decision of great authority.
O-rao'B-lar (6-rik'd-l3r), a. l. Pert, to an oracle ;
forecistingthe future. 2. R9f>erabling an
oracle in solemnity, authority, obscur-
ity, ambiguity,doffmatism,etc. — 0-rao'-
«-Ur-lT« ndv. ^O-rat/a-lar-iiMi, n.
O^ll (yral), a. [L. m, oWa, mouth.]
1. Uttered by the mouth, or in words ;
spoken, not written ; verbal. 2. Pert.
to the mouth. — Ofal-ly. ndv.
QfUkf (5r^nJ), n. [F. ; fr. Ar. &
Per. ndranj. The o- in F. orange is due
to confusion with or gold, L. nnrum^ fr.
the color of the fruit.] 1. A tree and ,^
ita fruit, inclosed in a leathery rind, Orsn^e.
easily separable. 2. Color of an orange ; reddish yellow.
Or'aag»-«a«'(-5d0,f». [F.] Adrinkmadeofonmge
juice and water, oorresp. to lemonade ; orange sherbet.
Or'aaSV-lam (-Ts'm), n. Atuchmeut to tlie principles
of the society of Orangemen ; tenets or practices of
Orangemen.
Or'aaS^-OUUI (-man), n. One of an Irish •ooiety, or-
ganised for the defense uf ttie reigning sovereign of Great
Britahd, support of the Proteetaat religion, maintenance
of the laws. etc. ; — so called in honor of William, Prince
of Orange (William IIL of Enfflaud).
Or'an-gir-y (-Sr-j^), n. [F. orangerie.] Place for
raising oranges ; pLuiUtion ot orange trees.
O-nuiC'-oa-tailg' (6-rSng'o5-tXng^), n. [Bfalayan
draug (Uun man of the
woods; Orting man + ^**f'
forest, wild, savage.] A
large arboreal anthropoid
ape of Borneo and Sumatra
Often called simply oran;7.
[Written also orang-ouian ,
orttng-ulan, ourang-utanrf,
and oraU'Utan.']
O-n'tton (-iVshfin),
n. [L. oraiiOt f r. orare
to speak, prav.] An
elaborate discourse,
delivered in public
Sjn. — Address;
speech. See Ha-
RAKOUB.
Or'a-tor(Sr'^t3r),n.
[L., fr. orare.l 1. A
public speaker ; one
distinguisbed for elo-
quence. 2. (a) In
equity proceedings,
one who prays for
relief; a petitioner. (6)
A phdntiff, or com-
plainant, in a bill in
Orang-outang. Adult Male.
chancery. — OTA-torlfHd (-tSra-kal), a. — OtBrtOt'
io-al-ly, adv.
Ora-tO^-O (-tyrl-ft), n. [it,, fr. L. oratorittt be-
longing to prayhig.] A dramatic poem, founded on
some Scripture narrative, or great divine event, set to
music, in recitative, arias, grand choruses, etc.
Or'a-tO-ry (Sr'A-ti-ry), n. [L. om/oWam.] A phMM
of orisons, or prayer ; cliapel for private devotions.
Or'a-tO-ry, n. [L. oratorio (sc. ars) the oratorical art.]
Art of an orator, or of public speaking ; eloquence.
Orb (8rb), n. [F. orbe, fr. L. orbi4 circle.] 1. A
spherical body ; globe ; sun, planet, or star. 2. A circle ;
circular orbit, described by a heavenly body.
Sjn. — Globe ; bell ; sphere. See Globb.
Orbed (drbd), a. Having the form of an orb ; roimd.
Or-Ml/a-lar (8r-bTk'ft-lSr), a. [L. orbieularU, fr. or-
bictUuSf dim. of orbi* orb.] Like an orb ;
spherical ; circular ; orbiculate. — Or-blo'*
Q-lar-ly. f^dv. — Or-blo^-lata, a. & n.
Orbkalats leaf, a leaf whose outline Is i
nearly circular. |
OrOlIt (dr'bTt), n. [L. orbita track
made by a wheel, circuit, fr. or6i* circle.]
1. Path described by a heavenly body in
its periodical revolution aroimd another
body. 2. Cavity of the skull containing
the eye and its appendages. 3. Skin sur-
rounding a bird's eye. — OfHllt-al, a.
Or'ohara (-ohSrd), n. [AS. ortgeard, wyrtgeard, lit.,
wortyard, yrrd for herbs; ivyrt herb -f- genrd yard.]
Inclosure containing fruit trees : fruit trees, rollectively.
Or'Oliea-tra (-kSvtri), n. [L. : Gr. Vx^orpa pUoe
for the chorus of dancers, fr. 6px«Mr0ai to dance.]^ 1*
Space in a theater between stage and audience. 2. A
fSra, recent, 6rb, r|}de, fyll, Ibn, food, f«^t, out, oil, chair, bo, sins, ink, then, tMn.
ORCHESTRAL
394
ORIENTAL
\mad of inatraiiiental mualciaiis in a ptooe of publio
amaaeiiMiit.— Or'olies-tnd (6Kk<»-traI). a.
Or'ollid (drHcTd), n. Any orchidaoeou* plant.
Orohl-da'oeoilS (Or^kl-di'abfirf), a. Pert, to a natu-
ral order of endogenous plants of whicli the genus Orchis
la the typ^ They are mostly perennial ^rbe haring
flowers of curious shape, often resembling insects.
Or^OhlS (-kTs), n. [L.fr. Or. opxcf testicle, orchis;
— so called fr.iU tubers.] 1.
A genus of perennial herbs ^
growhig from a tuber, and >
bearing showy flowers. 2. An
orcliid.
Or-flaln' (-din^,, V. f. [OF.
ordenert fr. L. ordinare^ fr.
ordOt ordinis, order.] 1. To
set in order ; to establish. 2.
To regulate by appointment,
decree, or law ; to constitute.
3. To set apart for an office ;
to appoint. 4. To invest with
ministerial or sacerdotal func-
tions; to introduce into the omhi. (O. mamlato). much
office of the Christian minis- icduesd.
try. — Or-flaln'mr, n.
Or'tt«^d (dr'dt^l), n. [AS. ordfU, ordXi, judgment]
I. An ancient test to determine guilt or innocence by
appealing to supernatural decision. 2. Severe trial.
Oi'der (-dSr), n. [F. ordre^ fr. L. ordo, ordini*,"] 1.
Regular arrangement ; system. 2. Fit condition. 3.
Customary procedure ; usage. 4. Conformity with law
or decorum ; general tranquillity ; public quiet. 6. That
which prescribes a method of procedure ; regulation.
6. A command; direction. 7. A commission to purchase,
sell, or supply goods, pay money, furnish supplies, admit
to'a place of entertainment, etc. 8. A number of things
or persons arranged in a fixed poeition ; a rank ; row ;
grade ; class in society ; distinct sort 9. A body of
persons having some common distinction or rule of obli-
gation. 10. An ecclesiastical grade, as of deacon, priest,
or bishop ; office of the Christian ministry ; — often inp/.
II. The dispoeition of a column and its component parts,
entablature, etc. ; style of architectural designing. 12.
An assemblage of genera in natural history, having certain
important characters in common.
Syn. — Arrangement ; management. See Dirktxok.
— I', t. 1. To put in order ; to regulate ; to dispose ; to
rule. 2. To command. 3. To give an order for. — r. i.
To give orders ; to issue commands. — OT'dtf-MT, n.
Oi^der-lT, a. 1. Conformed to order ; in order ; reg-
ular. 2. Observant of order or rule ; obedient ; quiet.
8. Performed in good order ; well-regulated. 4. Being
on duty ; keeping order ; conveying orders. — adv. Ac-
cording to due oraer ; methodically, ^n. A noncommis-
sioned officer attending a superior officer to carry his
orders, or render other service. — Or'der-ll-IMM, *>.
Or'At-nal (-dT-nal), a. [L. ordinalis, f r. ordo, ordinis.']
1. Indicating order or snocession ; aw, the ordinal num-
bers, first, second, third, etc. 2. Pert, to an order.—
n. 1. A word or number denoting order or succession.
2. Book containing certain church services.
Ol^di-nanoe (-nans), n. [OE. & OF. ordenanfr."] A
rule established by authority ; statute, law, regulation,
or accepted usa^ : edict or decree ; a local law.
Or'di-Iia-rl-ly (-nt-rT-iy ), ndr. According to established
method ; as a rule ; commonly ; usually ; in most cases.
Or^fll-OA-rF, a. [L. ordinariu*.'] 1. According to
established order ; regular. 2. Common ; usual. 3. Of
common rank or ability : not distinguished by excellence
or beauty ; commonplace ; inferior.
Syn. — Ordikart ; Covmon ; usual ; customary. See
Normal. — A thing is common in which many nersotis
share ; it is ordinary when it is apt to come round m the
esaion of
regular common order or succei
imrrt/n
order
f events.
Oi'dl-Ba-ry (ar'dT-nt-ry), m. 1. (a) In Eiwland, an eo.
desiastical Judge. (6) In the U. S., a judidafofficer, hav-
ing generally the powers of a surrogate Judge. 2. Any-
thing in common use. 3. A public dining room or eating
house, which supplies meals at a fixed price ; a table
d *h8te. 4 . An heraldic charge or bearing of simple form.
Xn flrdinary. (a) In actual .and constant service, {b) Out
of commistton and laid up ; — said of a naval TesaeL
Or'dl-Bftto (Or'dT-ntt), a, [L. ordinatus^ p. p. of ortfi-
nare."] Well-ordered; regular; methodical.— ». Dis-
tance of any point in a curve or a straight line, measnred
on a line eiJled the axi* oj ordinatti or on a line parallel
to it, from another line called the axis of atueittas^ on
which the corresponding abscissa of the point is measured.
Or'dl-IUI^lOII (-ni'shlin), n. 1. An ordaining <»■ aet-
ticp^ apnrt : the being ordained, appointed, etc. 2. The
setiiiitr ii\v.tTi to an offloe in the Christian miuis^.
Ort]/iiRilc« inrd'naus), n. [OE. ordenanee^ referrinf
to X Uv I '< ti^ -^f t lie oannon.] Heavy weapons ; artillery.
Or^donnoace (8r'd8o-nans), n. [F.] DispositioD of
tiv' inrtii i)i Hit j^rtistic composition.
Or'ditJQ {lir'^iAr; 40), n. [F. ; OF. orrf filthy, foul,
fr. T- hr^rrutuA liorrid.] Dung; excrement; fscea.
Ore <0T). V. [AS. iira; cf. Sr brass, bronae, L. aes.1
NuL4.v«, i.y,im of a metal, whether free and uncomMned,
as gold, copper, etc., or combined, as iron, lead, etc
ai«4d (yrMd), n. [Gr. *Op<iit, -^JUk, f r. opoc moun-
tain.] A nymph of a mountain or grotto.
Ornn (Or'gon), n. [Or. hprfovw ; akin to fp>or, K.
irori. J 1. Instrument by which some action is pertormed.
2. A natural part in an animal or pisnt, performing some
specbd actiou (termed its /undion), essential to its life
or heslth. 3- Medium of communication between one
person or body and another. 4. Musical wind i
ment played upon by keys.
Gl'ian-dle [(-dy), n. [F. organdi-} A 1
Or^gan-dT i light musliu.
Or-gmnlo (-gln^k), 0r-ffUll0-«l, a. 1. Pert to a
bodily organ or its functions ; consisting of organs, or
containing them. 2. Pert to a system of or^^ans ; inher-
ent in, or resulting from, a certain omuiuation. 3.
Pert to one of the substances connected with vital pro-
cesses. — Or-ganliHd-ly, adv.
Or'Slll-lllll (Or'gan-u^m), n. 1. Organic stnictnre ;
orgamsation. 2. An organized being ; a living body,
vegetable or animsl, composed of organs with functions
semrate, but mutusliy dependent Rud essential to life.
Origan-hit, n. A player on the organ.
Or^gan-i-ntlOll, n. 1. An organising. 2. A being
organised; relations included in such a condition. 8.
That which is organised ; an organism ; arrangement of
parts to perform functions necessary to life.
Or'gan-lie (-Ix), v. t. [Or. hpyayiftt^.'] 1. To furnish
with organs ; to endow with capacity for the functions
of life. 2. To arrange ; to get into working order.
OTfa-nOff^-pliy (-gA-nSg'rA-ff), n. [Orffono- -f
-graphy.] Description of organs of sniouds or plants.
Chr'gaam (-gis*m), n. [F. orgatme; cf. Or. hfryaapM
a kneading, softening, prob. confused with hpykr to
swell.] Esger or imroo<'erate excitement
Ol^gaat (8r'shit ; F. 8r'*ht'), n. [F., fr. oroe barley.]
A flavoring sirup prepared with an emulsion of almonds.
Or'glMI (er'jfx), n. pi. ; sing. Orot (-jy). [F. orgie,
orgiest Gr. Spyio.] 1. A sacrifice hi honor of a paran
deity ; ceremonies in the worship of Dionysus, or Bac-
chus, chararterixed by dissolute revelry. 2. A carooae.
0^-«l(5'rT.«l),n. [OF.or»o/gallerv.] A bay window.
(yji-eot, a. [F., fr. L. oriens^ -entis^ p. pr. of oHn to
rise. See ORionr.l 1. Rising, as the sun. 2. Easitem ;
oriental. 3. Bright; lustrous; pure; pellucid ; — used
of gems, etc. — n. 1. Part of the horixon where the sun
first appears in the momhag. 2. The coimtries of Asia
or the Kast.
Cll-ental (-«n^l), a. Pttrt to the orient or eaat:
ft, », 1. 5, «, long J ft, «, 1, 5, «. t. short ; senate, «v«nt, idea, 6bey, Unite, oAra, Urm, Ask, »11.
ORIENTALISM
395
ORTHOPEDY
Mstem ; oanoerned with th« East or Orientalism ; — opp.
to oceidaitiii. ^n. 1. Au iuhabitant of an Btuiteru port
of the world ; an ▲siotic. 2. pi. Eastern Christians of
the Greek rite.
(Krl-eiltaMni (S'rT-ft/tal-Ts^m), n. A system, cus-
tom, expression, etc., peculiar to Oriental people.
Crl^A'tal-ist, n. 1. An OrieotaL 2. One reraed
in Eutem languages, literature, etc.
O^t0n-tAt« (yrl-Sn-tlt), v. t. 1. To place or tarn
toward the eaat ; to yeer eastward. 2. To place (a body)
so as to show its relation to other bodies, or the relsition
of its parts among themselves. — f . i. To move or turn
toward the east. — Cll-tll-UtlOII, n.
Oz'l-floe (9rT-fIs), n. [F., fr. L. orificium ; om^ orU^
mouth -f- fncere to make.] Mouth or aperture, as of a
tube, pipe, etc. ; opening.
Ol^-jRll (-jTn), n. [F. origine^ L. origo^ originis, fr.
oriri to rise, become visible.] 1. First existence of any-
thing; birth. 2. Fountain; cause; occasion.
8y n. — Oaionr ; SotrocB ; commencement : rise ; sprint ;
fountain : deriratiou ; cause ; root ; foundation. — Origm
denotes the rise or commencement of a thing ; source pre-
sents itself under the imase of a fountain flowing forth in
a continuous stream of influences.
O-ligl-lud (d-rTjT-nal), a. [F. ; L. oHginaluA L
Pert, to the origin or beginning ; preceding all others ;
first in order ; primary. 2. Not copied or translated ;
new ; freah ; genuine. 3. Able to suggest new thoughts ;
inventive. ^ n. 1. Origin ; source. 2. That which pre-
cedes all others of its class ; first copy ; an original work
of art, manuscript, text, etc , asdisting. fr. a copy, trans-
ution, etc.— 0-ilri -aall-tr (-nffll-ty), n.
Orlgiiua sin, the first sin of Adam, as related to its con-
sequence) to the h'iman race ; —called also total deprav-
ity. Bee Calvtkism.
O-Xlxl-Aal-ly, ndv. 1. In the original time, or in an
original manner ; primarily ; not by derivation, or imita-
tion. 2. At first ; at the time of construction.
0-zllfl-]IAt« (-nit), V. /. To give an origin or begin-
ning to ; to produce as new. —v. t'. To have origin ; to
bedn to exist or act. — 0-ilcl-il Vtor, n.
O-ltfi-IUl'tlOIL n. 1. Ahringing or coming into ez-
iatence : first production. 2. Mode of production.
Ckl-Ol* (S^rT-Sl), n. [OF. oriole orieutt fr. L. aureolus
golden, f r. aurum gold. ]
fa) An Old World slng-
hig bird of various spe-
eias, osnally conspic-
uously colored with
fellow and black. (6)
n America, a thrusli ;
the Baltimore bird.
0-ll'OB («-rI'5:»), n.
[L., fr. Or. 'QptW, a
hunter in Oraek my-
thology.] A large and
bright constellation on
theeqnator.
Or^i-MB (5rnr-slln), n. [OF. ; fr. L. oratio speech,
prayer. See Oratioh.1 A prayer.
Orlop (draSp), n. [£>. overtoop upper deck.] Lowest
deck of a ship of war, on which cables are coiled.
Or'mo-lll' (-m^-lnOf »• [?• or vunau ; or gold (L.
frnrum) -j- moulu, p. p. of numdre to grind, L. moUre.'}
Braas made to resemble gold ; mosaic gold.
Oz'Bft-mMIt (dr'ni-mtmt), n. [L. omamentum^ fr.
omare to adorn.] That which embellishes ; decoration.
* V. t. To deck ; to beautify. — Or'lU-mMltal, a.
8jm.— See AooRH.
OMia-IIIMI-ta'tiOII (-mSn-tS'shfin), n. 1. An orna-
menting, or being ornamented. 2. That which ornaments.
Qt'lkkW (-nSt/), a. [L. omare^ -naium.'] 1. Adorned.
2. Finely finiahed.— Or-IUIt«ly, ndv.—Ot-mtt^BaM, n.
Or'ntth-toh^te (dr'nTth-Tk'nlt), n. [ Omifho- -f Or.
»X>'W track.] Footmark of a bird in strata of stone.
Golden Oriole iOrioita ffoOfula),
Or'Bl-tllOi'O-ffy (Or'nT-thQl'ft-jj^), n. [OmitKo. -f
•logy.] 1. Natural history of birds, and their da^sifica.
tion. 2. Treatise on tills science. — Or'nl-thOi'O-glftt, n.
— OMli-thO-lOg^ (-thd-isnk), OMli-UlO-loff'k.^a, a.
il OMli-tllO-liyB'<ftlls (-thi-rTn'k&s), n. [NL., fr.
Or. opvK, 6pvi0of, ..
bird -+- pvyXP^ oeak.] *\
A duck mole; an -*'..'
Australian mammal, 3.,
with a homy beak, ^
like a duck's, and
paws webbed for i
Urnitboriiyncbus.
O-ngT^-yhj (6-
rSg/rA-iy), n. [Or.
opof mountain -\-
-graphy.'] Science of mountains ; orology.
O^oMe (S'roid), n. [F. or gold (L. aurum) -f Or. tXSot
form.] An alloy, chiefly of o^ " '
copper and cine or tin, re-
Science
sembung gold. [Written also oreide.']
0-r^O-rF (*-r«l'«-iy), n. [Or. 6po« + -logy.] 1
of mountains. — Oro-iog^-al (Sr'S-lOjI-kal), a.
(ytO-taaAf (S^rt-t^d'}, a. [L. o«, orU^ mouth -f- ro-
fundus round, smooth.] Haviiig fulloess, clearness,
strength, and smoothness. — n. The orotund voice.
Or^diail (dr'iua), n. [L. orphanus^ Or. &p^«u^.] A
child oereaved of father and mother, or of one ot tiiem.
— a. Bereaved of parents. — v. t. To deprive of parents.
WjHuai-Bge (-Sj ; 2\ n. 1. The being an orphan ;
orphans, collectively. 2. An asylum for orphans.
Or^J^HS (dr'f«-Qs ; L. dr'fus), n. [L. ; Or. 'Op^cvc.l
The mythic Thracian poet reputed to have entranced
beasts and inanimate objects by the music of his lyre. ~
OndllO (dr^Hk). Or-plM'ail (er-fS'an), a.
O^pl-llMllt (-pT-ment), n. [F., f r. L. auripigmentum ;
aurum gold 4- pigmentum pigment.] A sulphide of ar-
senic used in indigo printing, etc
Or^n-ry (dr'ri-ry), n. [Named f r. the Earl of Orrery.']
A model illustrating the relative
size, motions, positions, orbits, etc,
of bodies in the solar system.
Or'rli (-rT3), n. [Prob. comip.
fr. It. ireos iris.] A kind of iris,
whose rootstock smells like violets.
OniUKdOZ (dr'th«-d5ks), a. [Or.
hp$6So$o9 ; 6p»6i right -f 66(a opin-
ion.] L Sound in opinion or doctrine.
Christian doctrines taught In the Scriptures ; — opp. to
heretical tad heterodox. 2. According with the doctrines
of Scripture, creed of a church, decree of a council, etc.
8. Approved ; conventionaL — Or^O-Aoz^y, n.
Or'thO^r-py (8r'th«-«-rJ^), n. [Or. bpMntia ; bpMt
-f- cirof a word.] The uttering words correctly ; correct
pronunciation of words ; mode of pronunciation. — Ov^-
tho-^lpio (-«pTk), Or'tluMf^to-al, a. - Ortho^Iplo-
al-ly, adv. - Or'tlio-y-plst, n.
Or-thOS'A-my (-th»g'4-my), n. [Ortho- -f Or. ydfiot
marriage J Direct fertilization in plants, as when the
pollen fertilizing the ovules comes from the wt^imms of
the same blossom ; — opp. to heterogamy.
Or-thOg'kia-tllOlU (-n4-thii8), a. [Ortho- -f Or. yvA-
9ot jaw.1 Having the front of the head or skull nearly
perpendicular, not retreating backwards above the jaws ;
— opp. to prognathous. [raphy. I
Or-thOg^n-plMr (-ri-'8r), n. One versed in orthog-l
Or-thOf^-^y, n. [Or. bpeoypaiiia^ fr. hp$6t -f ypd-
^uv to write.] 1. The writing words with proper letters,
according to standard usage ; correct spelling ; mode of
spelling. 2. Part of grammar treating of the letters, and
correct spelling. 3. A drawing in correct projection, es-
rially an elevation or vertical section.— Or'thO-Kraph'-
(6r/th«^Tk), Or'tlio-Kra»li1o-al, a. -%'tho-
gra^liHU-ly, adv.
Or-thoVe^y (8r-th5pt-d]^), n. iOriho- + Or. iraiv,
Orrery,
holding the
fSni, recant, 6rb, rude, f^^ tan, food, ftfbt, out, oil, cbair, so, ainsi Ml^ then, tliin.
ORTHOPTERA
396
OUR
muMf , ohUd.l The caring bodUy deformitlea. - Or'tllO-
poaio (Or'the.pSd'rk), Ortbo-pedlo-Al, a.
n Or-tlMmlt-ni (-thBi/ti-r*), n. pi. [NL.» fr. Or.
&«^ strmlght -f irrepor wing.] An order of mandib-
nlar IneecU including grMshoppers, locusU, cockroaclies,
etc., which liave wing covers of a onifonn texture
throughout, oorerlng the true wings. — Or-tbiq^er-aB
(•tirHin), n. — 0r-tll0p<Ur-OlW (-tU), a,
OfVn% (dr^tlT), a. VL. oriivut, fr. oriri, ortiu, to
rise.] Belsting to the time or act of rising ; eastern.
OrtO-lan (-^-lan), n. [F., fr. It. orlolano ortolan,
gardener, f r. L. hortulantu gardener, hortu* garden. ] (a)
A European sindng bird, esteemed delicious food when
fattened. Galled alto bunting, (b) In America, the
Carolina rail.
(Krys (yrTks), n. [NL., fr. Or. opv^ antelope.] A
genus of African antelopes.
n Os (6s), n. ; !>/. OssA (S^sAV. TL.] A bone.
. IJ Os, n. / pi. O&A {jOfH). [L. J A mouth ; opening.
Ofl'oa-lllto (Se'sIMat), v. L [L. oscillare to swing.]
1. To move backward and forwar4; to vibrate like a
pendulum. 2. To fluctuate ; to cliange repeatedly. —
te'oU-U'tloa, n. — (HKoU-U-to-ry {-M^it-fj), a.
(HKon-Uto (-ktt-lat), V. /. & i. [L. oxculri 4atut,
to kiss, fr. otctdum kiss, dim. of os mouth.] 1. To kiss.
2. To touch (a geometrical line or curve) closely, so as
to have a common curvature at the point of contact. —
Os^on-Utlon, n. — (HKCQ-U-tO-iy M4-t«-rj^), a.
(Kltor (S'shfir), n. [F. ; cf. Or. olaot, oiova, ouro^, L.
vU^x."] (a) A kind of willow growing in wet places, used
for basket work, (ft) A long, pliable twig of such a plant.
^a. Made of osiers ; composed of, or contsininp^o^^icrR.
Os'Diail-U (8z'mSn-lT), n. [Fr. Osman. See Otto-
MAM.I A Turkish official ; a native Ttrk.
Os^prvy \ (Syprt), n. [TbrouRh OF. fr. L. osfijraga
Qa^mtLj ( (orlcr., bone breaker).] Tlie flshliauk.
©•'■O-let (5-''M«t), n. [F., fr. L. ot bone.] 1. A
little bone. 2. Tlie internal bone, or shell, of a cuttlefish.
Ga'M-OIIS (-lis), a. [L. os.'teiu^ fr. os, oJtHgy bone.]
Composed of bone ; capable of forming bone : bony.
Os'll-Oto (-sT-k*l), n. [L. OMt'cvlum, dim. of os.']
A little bone. [Containing; or yielding bone. T
Os-tifmr-aiUI (-sTfSr-as), a. [L. OS, ossis -\- -ferotts.^ \
OS-atMo (-Tk), a. [L. OS, ossis -f /acere to make.]
Producing bone ; changing tissue into bone.
Oral-fl-OA'tloll (Ss'eT.lT.ka'Bhan), ii. 1. Formation
of bone ; o^tosift. 2. Mass of ossified tisRuc.
Oa'al-fy (-n), r. /. & i. [L. os, ossis + -/y.] To form
into bone ; to chancre from a soft substance into bone.
Os-BiT'o-roUS (-::Tv'*-ril8), a. [L. os, ossis -f- vorare
to devour.] Feeding on bones ; eating bones.
Os-tm'al-llle (tenM-bn), a. [h. ostendert, Centum,
to show ; obs- -f- Imttere to stretch.] Shown ; professed ;
apparent ; — opp. to rent or actual. — Os-tm'n-llly, adv.
Os-ten'alTe (-slv), a. Showing ; exhibiting.
Os'tMIt (6/tfint or Ss-tSnt'), n. [L. ostrndere, -ten-
ium,'] 1. Appearance; air. 2. Minife-vtition : token.
Os'tMI-^a'tloa, n. A makine an ambit iouft display.
Sjn. — Pageantry ; pomp; boasting. See Parade.
Oi^ttn-ta'tiOIIS, n. Fond of ostentation ; pretentions.
^'f-O-tm'^whk (-t^fi-jBn'e-sTK), | n. [Osfeo- ^ frm-
(kl'te-Oj'e-liy (-5j'?-ny), | mm.] Forma-
tion or growth of bone.
Ol'te^'O-gy (-51'?i-jy), n. [Osteo- -{- -lofrif.'\ Science
of the bones of the vertebrate skeleton. — Os'te-ol'O-ger.
Os^to-oVo-flst, n.
Ostler (59^8-), n. Hostl-r. [Owilfication. !
II Os-tO'aUl (-'C .T-^), n. [NL., fr. Or. barioy Iwne.] \
II Os-tn'oe-a (-tra'sh^-A), V. jtl. [XL., fr. Or. oarpa-
Kov shell of a testarean.] A divicion of bivalve mollusks
inct"dincr ov«it*T«, etc. — Os-m'rean (-»h/T»>), n.
Os'tra-nm (-triUor), v. t. [Or. o<rrpaici'<f If, fr. o<rrpa-
iroi' tn», tablet u*©*! in votlne, «hell ; cf. ooTprof oy>«r»«r,
hariov bone.] 1. To oxile by popular vote, a« at ancient
Athena. 2. To banish from society ; to cast oat trtm
favor. — Ofl^tra-dllll (5j/trA-sTs*ra), n.
Osllloll (Ss'trlch), n. [OF. ostruche, L. avis struthio ;
avis bird -f- struthio ostrich. Or. arpcvBit bird,
^l.^rr.iw.l' A l^ririo African and An.Lian bird,
li.kvl[iK^ htu/z uiilI vi-iv strong legs adapted for
r ijiid nmuiiip. <iu\y tno toes, a long neck nearly
bAfc of fo^ti^n^, tmd short win« incapable of
flight. Thelodyofth«
male, and his winga
and tail, furnish valo*-
ble white plumes.
Ot'a-coanic (5t'A.
kouL'iTk or ^tA-), a.
[0/0- -{- oeoHstic.} Aa-
aisting bearing.
llO-tal'iEl-« («-tIKjT-
*). O-ufjry {-'}$). n.
[NL., fr. Or. itruXyia;
oik, iirrfs, car 4 oAyov
pain.] Pain in the ear ;
earache.
O-tal'cte (-JTk), a.
Pert, to otalgia. — A.
A remedy for earache.
African Ortrich {Struthio camtU$). r^oR-I^^^^KtiCT^
pron. & a. 1. Different from that specified ; not the
same ; additional ; second of twa 2. Not this, but the
contrary ; opposite. 3. Alternate ; eecond ; — uted rip.
in connection with et^ry ; as, every other day, that is,
I each oltemate day. ^adr. Otherwke.
Oth'er-Wlflf (-wUO, adv. lOther -f triw mannrr.]
1. In a different manner ; differently ; coutrarily. 2. lu
otiier respects. 3. In different circumetaaces.
Oth'llian (Sth'mon), n. & a. Ottoman.
O'tio (S'lTk), a. [Oi-.«»Tuc6c,fr.<»9«,«»T^, ear.] Pert,
to, or in the region of, the ear; aiLilculiir; arrftt n-r
O'UA'0-gf (-tWA-jy), n. idu:^- ^ Jf^.] & r«u«« of
the ear nnd its diseases. — 0-tDl''O-||St (-jT«>^Jii «<
Ot'tar(5ftSr).n. Attar.
Ot'ter, n. [AS. otor.}
1. A carnivorous aquatic
animal, living on fish, and
Vielding valuable fur. 2.
Larva of the gliost moth,
— injurtoua to hop vines.
Ot'to(5ta6),n. Attar.
Ot'tO-maB (-man), a.
[Othoman, Othman, or Os-
man, a sultan who as-
sumed government of Tur-
American OtUrlLmtra Omo-
tlrm*i$).
key about 1300.] Pert, to the Turks. — «. 1. A Trrk.
2. A stufTed seat without aback, oririnally used in Turkey.
Ondl (ouch), fi. [OE. ouch, novrhe (a nouch being
taken for an ouch : cf. Addks), fr. OF. nottsche buckle. j
Socket holcling a gem ; jewel worn on the person.
Ought (]|t), n. & adv. Aug] t.
Ought, into., p. p., or avtiUnrt: [OHp. rrrtertt ol
theverbotr^.j 1. To be bound in duty. 2. xobenMoa-
sary, fit, or expedient ; to behoove.
Syn. — OroHT ; Should. — Both imply obligation, hot
o^trjht is stronger. ShfvUI may imply merely an obliga-
tion of propriety, expediency, etc. ; owf A/ denotes duty.
Oniioe (onus), n. [F. once, fr. L. vncia a twelfth.
Cf. Ikch.] 1. A weight, 1-lGth of a pound avohrdcpoia,
contiinuig 437>^^ grains. 2. Tlie l-12th of a troy r<^mid.
Omioe, n. [F. once ; prob. for lonee, taken ar Vonee^
fr. L. Ix/nr, Or. Avy^.] An Af«iatlc feline quadruped re-
sembling the leopard. Called nlfv> once.
Our (our), posses, prom. [AS. fire onr, of ns; akin to
iLr n«, to us, and to O. unser our, of us.] Pert, to us.
C^" When the noun is not exnressed, ours %» oaed in
the same way as hrrs for her, yours for your, etc.
S, e, 1.5, a, long : &^ e, I, ft, O, j^, short ; anftte, 6 vent, tdea, Obey, ftnite, c4re, Urm, &sk, gU, finoL
OURSELVES
397
OUTRAGE
' (our-aSlTsO, pron. ; ting, Oubsslf (-aSlf).
hxk emphaaizad form of tina prououii of the first person
plural ; — uaed as a subject, usually with tre ; also, aloue
m the predicate, in the nominatire or the objective case.
C^Tlie form owrteiS is used onlj in the reffal or for-
mal style after icre or im, denoting a single person.
Ob'MI (S&'sM), n, [AS. MtA AEuropeau thrush,
esp. the blackbird. [Writ-
toi also ousel.']
Onst (oiut), V. /. [OF.
oster, F. oier.) 1. To take
away; to remore. 2. To
eject; to turn out.
Onsf er, n. A putting
out of possession ; ejection.
Ont (out), adv, [AS.
fi/, fi/^ iUan ; akin to O.
aus. Cf.Birr.CABOVSB,UT-
TBR, a.] 1. Away ; abroad;
of! ; from home or a usual
place; not in. 2. Beyond IHinz Oim\ (Turttta ttu'quatwi).
concealment, priracy, con- Oi)
atraiut, etc. ; in, or into, freedom, openness, publicity,
etc 3^ Beyond the limit of existence or supply ; to the
end ; completely. 4. B 3yoiid possession, control, or oc-
cupation : in, or into, a state of want, loss, or depriva-
tlon. 6. Bjyoud whet is true, proper, comiuou, etc. ; in
error or mistake ; in a wrong position or opinion ; in dis-
agreement, opposition, etc. 6 Not in position to score
in a game.— n. 1. Oue that is out; esp., one out of
office. 2. A place outside of something ; a nook or cor-
ner ; an angle projecting outward. 3. A word or words
omitted in setting up copy.— v. /. To eject; to expel.
— r. i. To come or go out ; to become public. '^itUerj.
Expressing impatience, anger, a desire to be rid of; —
with the force of command : gq out ; begone ; away ; off.
Oat and Mi. (n) adv. Completely; wholly; openly.
(b> ntli. Without reMrvation or disguise; absolute; as,
an oHt nnn out rilliin. (As an adi. written also o'tf-find-
Ott/.J — Ont of sort!, wanting certain things ; unsati^flid ;
nnwell ; unhaopy ; cross. - Ont of ths way. (a) O.i one
ade ; h»rd to find ; secluded. (6) Improper ; wrong.
OBt-bal'anoe (-bSl'aus). v. t. To outweigh ; to ex i:eed.
Oat-bid^ (-bTdO. t'. /. To exceed or surpass in bidding.
OvUKmoA^ (-boundO, a. Outward bouni.
OatOinak' (-brSkO, ». Eruption ; insurrection.
Oat'blllld'lllV (-bTld'TuR), n. A building separate
from, and subordinate to, the main house ; an outhouse.
Ontnirant' (-bQrst/), n. A bursting forth.
Onfoasr (-kAit/), a. Cast out; degraded. — n. One
cast out or expelled ; degraded person ; vagabond.
Ovt'OOme' (-kOmO, n. That which comes out of, or
follows from, something else ; consequence ; upshot
CnVanpf (-krSp'), n, (n) Tl»e coming out of a geo-
logical stratum to the surf iC9 of the ground. (6) That
purtof hiclined strata appearing at the surface ; basset.
Oot-eroiK (-krSp'), v. i. To come out to the surface of
the ground ; — said of strata.
Oat'ery' (-kri'), n. 1. A cry of distress, alnrm, oppo-
v2!!: 2' <'«*««*»**on ; clamor. 2. Sale at public auction.
OOt-dO' (-dey), r. /. :»tt excel ; to surpww.
OardOOr' (-dSr'), a. [For oiit of door.^ Belnjr, or
done, in the open air, or outside of rertain building^
Chlt'dOCira' (ouf d5n' or out'd5nt')» fdv. Abroad ; out
of the house ; ont of doors.
OnVte (oufJr), a. [AS. fl/or, oompar. of iU out.]
Being on the outside ;. external ; farthest or farther from
the interior, etc. ; — opp. to inner.
Ont'or-aUMt' (-m5»t0. «. Farthest outward.
imt-faiW' (-Is')! ♦». '• To face or look (one) out of
eonnteuance ; to hear down by hold looks or effrontery.
(httUdd^ (.fild/), ». 1. A field beyond the inclosed
Und abont the homestead ; unexplored tract. 2. P.irt
M the field, in baseball, beyond the diamond, or infield.
8. Part of the field, in cricket, farthest from the batsman.
oenu-
Itdo.l
i; to
>paid
OatUt (oot^t), n. A fitUng out (of a ship for a toy-
age, a person for an expedition, etc) ; things required for
equipment ; expense of ,or allowance made f or,equipment.
Oat-fUnk' (-flftsl^')* v. t. To go beyond, or be superior
to, on the fiank ; to turn the fiauk of.
Ont-f Wer-al (-jSn'Sr-ol), «. /. To exceed in seneral-
ship ; to outmaneuver. [outdo. I
Oat-go' (-g50i V. t. To go beyond ; to surpass ;
Ont'go' (•gO')* n. That which goes out, or is ]
out ; outlay ; expenditure ; — opp. to income.
Onf gO'mg, n. 1. A going out. 2. That which goea
ont ; outgo ; outlay. — a. €k>ing out ; departing.
Ont-grow' (-grSOi f- /• 1- To surpass m growing ; to
grow more than. 2. To grow out of or away from ; to
grow too large, or too aged, for.
Onf grewth' (-grSth'), n. That which grows out of,
or proceeds from, anythiug ; excrescence ; consequence.
Ont'gliard' (-gkrd'), n. A guard of troops at a dis-
tance from the main army, to watch an enemy ; any de-
fense remote from the thing to be defended.
Ont-Her'Od (-hfir^d), v. t. To surpass (Herod) in
wiokedness ; to exceed in anv vicious particular.
OBtlunUM' (-hout/), n. An outbuilding.
Outing, n. A going out ; an airing ; excursion.
OntUndllll (-IXndTsh), a. [AS. Mendise foreign.]
1. Foreign ; not native. 2. Not according with usage ;
rude; bwbarous; nncouth, [vive.|
Ont-lASt' (-lAatO, V. t. To exceed In duration ; to sur-
OntlaW (outOa'), n. [AS. iUiaga, Utlnh.] One ex-
cluded from benefit of the law, or deprived of its protec-
tion. — V. /. 1. To deprive of the protection of law ; to
proscribe. 2. To remove from legal iurisdictlon or
enforcement ; to deprive of legal force. — OvtlAW^ry, n.
OntOay (-liO, n. 1. A laving out or expending. 2.
That which is expended ; expenditure.
^taef (-18t0, n. Passage ont ; exit ; vent.
OntaUM/ (-lin'), n. 1. (a) Line marking the outer
limits of an object or figure ; exterior line or edge ; con-
tour. (6) A line drawn by pencil, pen, etc., defining the
boundary of a figure, (c) A sketch composed of such
hues ; delineation of a figure without shading. 2. Sketch
of any scheme ; preliminary indication of « plan, etr.
Sy n. — Sketch ; draught ; delineation. See Sketch.
— f. t. 1. To draw the outline of. 2. To sketch out
or indicate. [to survive. I
On^-Uva' C-lTv'), v. t. To live beyond, or longer than ; |
OlltlOOk^n. 1. A looking out; watch. 2. One who
looks ont ; place from which one looks out. 3. View
obtained by one looking out ; scope of vision ; prospect.
Ontaylng (-II'Tng), a. Lying at a distance from the
central part or main body ; exterior ; detached.
Onrma-neH^er ) (-m4-n5o'v3r), v. t. To surpass In
Ont'ma-nOBU'vro l maneuvering ; to outgeneral.
Ont-maroh' (-miirch')« v. t. To surpass in marching;
to march faster than, or so as to leave behind.
Ont-meaa^lire (-mSzh'Ar), v. t. To exceed in measure
or extent ; to measure more than.
Ontlnwt' (-mSstOi a. [AS. atemest, a superl. fr. fUe
out.l Farthest from the middle or interior ; outermost.
Onr-Of-dOOr' (-»v^5r0, a. Being out of the house ;
beint?^, or done, in the open air ; outdoor.
Oufpost' (-p5st'), n. (<T) A military post at a dis-
tance from the main body of an army, for observing the
enemy. (6) Troops placed at such a station.
Ont-ponr' (-pSr'), r. /. To ponr ont.
Ont'ponr', n. A flowing out ; a free discharge.
Ont'pilt' C-pyt'), w. Amount of coal or ore put out
from mines, or quantity of material produced by furnaces
or milU, in a (riven time.
Ont'rage (-rtj), n. [P. ; OF. mitre beyond (L. vltra)
-f -nqey ns in courage, royage."} Injurious violence or
wanton wrong done to persons or things ; gross violation
of rieht or decency ; gross injury.
Syn. — Affront ; insult ; abuse. See Affbowt.
f«m. recent, 6rb, r^de, fyll, Hm, food, lon>t, out, oil, ohair, (o, aing, l«k, then, tUn.
OUTRAGE
398
OVERCHARGE
I (ottt^j), V. t. [F. oiUragerJ] 1. To inb-
tect to outrage ; to treat witli abuse. %. To violate ;
to oommit an Indeoent aanolt upon (» female).
Oot-n'seou (•ri^CU)t a. Of tlie nature of an ont-
nure ; f urioua ; atrocious. — Ovt-ra'swmi-ly, adv.
Sjrn. — Violent; furious; exorbitant; excessive; atro-
cious; monstrous; wanton; nefarious; heinous.
Ont-imk' (-ritfik'), V. L To exceed in rank ; to take
precedence of.
^Qm'tX^ {Wtxt^a. [F., p. p. of oti/rer to exaggerate,
f r. L. tiUra beyond.l Rxtravagant ; bixarre.
Ont-rMUdl' (out-rSch'), V. /. To reach beyond.
Ont-lldA' (-rid'), V. /. To surpass in speed of riding ;
to ride beyond or faster than. [tending a carriage. I
Ovflld'er (-rid^r), n. A servant on horseback at-|
OofMg'Ctr (•rTg'gcir), n. 1. A projecting timber run
out, as from a ship's mast, to bold a rope or a sail ex-
tended, or from a building, to support lioisting tackle.
2. (a) A support for a rowlock, extended from a boat's
side, {h) A boat thus eouipped. (e) A projecting con-
trivance at the side of a boat, to prevent upsetting.
Ontllglkr (-rlt^), adv. 1. Immediately ; without de-
lay ; at once. 2. Completely ; utterly.
Oat-mn' (-riinO« «• t- To exceed, or leave behind, in
running; to outstrip; to go beyond.
Ovt-Mil' (-sElQ, V. /. To ssU faster than.
Ovt-MU' (-sUO, v,L 1. Tb seU more than. %. To
fetch more than ; to exceed in value.
Oof Mt' (-sBf ), n. A setting out or beginning.
Ovt-flllllie' (-shinOf V. /. To excel in sj^ndor.
Oltt'lkto' (onf s!dO, n. 1. External part of a thing ;
part, end, or side forming the surface ; exterior. 8. Space
without an hidosure; outer side of a door, walk, or hoim-
dnry. 3. The furthest limit; the utmost.— a. 1. Pert,
to the outside ; external ; superficial. 2. Reaching the
extreme or farthest limit, as to extent, quantity, etc.
[C(Aloq.^^adv, or prep. On or to the outside (of);
without : on the exterior.
Ont'skPar (-sid'Sr), n. One not belonging to the con-
cern, institution, party, etc, spoken of.
Onflldrt' (•ekert'), n. A part remote from the cen-
ter ; outer edge ; border ; — usually in pi.
Ont-ipftll' (-spSn'), v.t. Sl i, [D. uUMpnnnen.'\ To
unyoke, as oxen from a wagon. [8. A/Heal
6nt-sp(/keB(-Rp5nt*n),a. Speaking, or spoken, bokUy.
Ovt-mreAd' (-sprM'), v. t. To spread out ; to expand.
Ont-miUlA' (-stand'), v. i. To stand out, or project,
from a surface or mass; to remain standinff out. — r. /.
To stay beyond. [uncollected ; not paid. I
Ont-SUndlllf , a. That stands out ; undischaiged ; |
Ont-Btr«tohM-"tr6cli0t «'• '• To strotch out.
Ont-itrip' (•BtrTp'), r. /. To outrun ; to^Ieave behind.
Ont-tAlk' (-ti|k'), V. i. To overpower by talking ; to
exceed in talkbig ; to talk down.
Out-vote' (-vSf ), r. /. To exceed in the number of
votes given; to defeat by votes. [behind in walking. I
Ont-Wldk' ('Wf^k'), V. t. To excel In walking ; to leave |
Onfwall^ (-«*^ftlO« »• Exterior wall ; outside surface.
Oufward (-w5rd), \adv. [AS. lUevceard.) From
Onfwardl (-wSrdz), f the interior part ; from the
interior toward the extnrior ; out ; beyond ; off ; away.
OnfWard, n. 1. Forming the superficial part; ex-
ternal ; — opp. to inward. 2. Pert, to the outer surface ;
manifent; public. 3. Tending to the exterior or outside.
— Onfward-ly, fdv. — Oaf warO-ness, n.
Ont-wear' (•wtr'), v. t. 1. To wear out ; to consume
by wearing. 2. To last loneer than ; to outlast.
Ont-Wolcll' C-wa'), r. /. To exceed in weight or value.
Ont-wit' (-wTtO, «'. '• To Kiirpass In wisdom, esp. in
cunning ; to defeat or overreach by superior craft.
Out- work' (-wfirk'), v. /. To work more than.
Onl'WOrk' (-wOrk'), n. A minor defense beyond the
main iMxly of a work, as a ravelin, lunette, etc.
Oo'ieKsyxn), n. Ousel.
^vA), »., j>/. of Ovum.
(o'valji, a. [F. ovale, f r. L. ovum egg.]
CKiral , ^, . _, ^._
like an egg ; oblong and curvilinear, with one end ^^^
broader than the other ; elUptical. — n. A body / \
or figure shaped like an egg, or ellipse. / \
llO-TA'M-vm («-vifrT^), n. [NL.] An I I
ovary. — O-TAll-aB, O-TAll-al, a. V /
O'Va-rj iyv4-ry), %. [Vh. ovarUtm. fr. L.
ovum.] L That part of a plant's pistU which con- ^^^^
tains the seed, and develops into
fruit. 2. Female reproductive or-
gan which produces ova.
O'vito jls'vtt), O^rMad (-vt-
tSd), a. CL. ovattu. fr. ovum."]
Shaped like an egg, with the lower
extranity broadest
O-VatlOB (^vi'shlin), n. [L.
ovatiOy fr. ovare to exult.] 1.
Among the ancient Romans, a fren-
eral's wsser triumph for a bloodless
victory, or victory over slsvea.
2. An expression of popular hoos-
age to a public favorite.
Omrj of TIMa Ameri- OT'OD (fiV'n), «». [AB.; akin to
«ni0(Linden.oi;Bsi». D. own.] Place arched over with
iT^-Mh^a2ln.2* »>rick or stonework, for baking,
WtS}?,68JS8?n h«»ti«W. «LSyl»«; cbambeTto^
of OTarT.showinKtwo stove, for baking or roasting.
Cell* with OtuI«. OTer (yvJr), vrrp. [AS. o/er ;
skin to D. & Dan. over, L. euper. Or. vw4p. Cf. Abovs,
Hykb-, Bvpu-, Sovsaneir, IJp.j 1. Above, or higher
than; — (^p. to uttder. 2. Arrossr from «de to side
of. 9. Upon the surface of ; hither and thither upon ;
throughout the whole extent of. 4. Above the height
or length of. 6. Beyond; in addition to; more than.
6. In spite of; notwithstanding. ^a<fr. 1. From one
side to another; across; crosswise. 2. From cme per-
son or place to another ; at the opposite side. 3. From
b^dnning to end ; throughout the course or extent of
anything. 4. From insiae to outside, above or across this
brim. 6. Beyond a limit ; superfluously ; with repetition.
6. So as to bring the under side to the top. 7. Atanend;
completed; finished.^ a. Upper; covering; higher;
excMsive ; too much or too great ; — chiefly m composi-
Mon ; as orershoes, orercoat, orerhaste.
^gy'Over^ in poetry, is often contracted into o^er,
O'TCr-aot' (-Kkf), v.t.&i. To exaggerate in acting.
O'TOr-allB (-ftlx)i n. pi. 1. Looae trousera worn ovw
others to protect them. 2. Waterproof leggUiga.
O'var-arob' (-l&rch'), v.t&i. To make or place an
arch over ; to hang over like an arch. [by grut fear. I
O^V«r-awe' (-ft'), v. t. To awe exceedingly ; to restrain |
O'var-lMll'Alloe (-bU'ffns), v. t. 1. To exceed equality
with ; to outweigh. 2. To cause to lose balance.
O'TW-lMd^Alloe (-bSl'Ans), n. Excess of wei|^ or
value ; something more than an equivalent.
OTer-beaz' (-bftr'), v. t. l. To bear down, as by ex-
cess of weight, force, etc. ; to overcome ; to suppress.
2. To domineer over, ^v.i. To be too prdlifle.
O'Ter-lMar'lllf , a, 1. Overpowering ; repressing. 2.
Aggressively haughty ; arrogant ; domineering ; insolent.
O'Ter-bld' (-bid'), V. t. To bid or offer In exoMs of.
O'ver-boara' (-bOrdO* adv. Over the side of a ship ;
from on bosrd of a ship, into the water.
O^VW-lmi^dMl (•bQr'd'n), v. t. To load with too great
weight or too much care, etc.
0'V«r-OABf (-kisf), V. t. 1. To cast or cover over ;
to cloud. 2. To compute too high. 3. To take autches
over (raw edges of s seam) to prevent raveling.
O'Ter-olUurKe' (-clilirj'), v.l.iii. 1. To charge or load
too heavily ; to burden ; to cloy. 2. To flU too full ; to
crowd. 3. To charge beyond a fair price. 4. To exaggerate.
O'Tor-oluirKO^ (5'v2r-chiirj'), n. 1. An excessive load
or burden. 2. An excessive charge in an account.
S, 8, 1, 5, 0, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, 0, t, short ; aoiite, 6vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, o4re, lirm, Adc, 9II, flnoL
OVERCLOUD
399
OVERSTATEMENT
' (-kloudOt ^- '• To becloud ; to OTeromat.
(Kw-OOttt' (-K9t^)t »• An additlrmal outolde coat.
(Kvw-oome' (-kUm'), v. t. [as. q/ercuman.'] To get
the better of ; to aormount. — v. i. To be Tictorious.
Syn. — To subdue; vanquiah; defeat; crush; orer^
whelm ; prostrate ; beat ; surmount. See CoHQinn.
O^nr-dcK (-dSSOi v. t. l. To do too much ; to ezag-
g«rate; to carry too far. 8. To overtask, or overtax ; to
exhaust. 3. To cook too much. ^ v. <. To do too much.
CKvtr-dOM' (-dSsQt V. f . To dose to excess.
(Krar-dOfle'f n. Too great a dose ; an excesdve dose.
O^T«r-draw' (-drf^n, v. /. 1. To exaggerate ; to over-
do. 2. To make drafts upon or against (one*s capital or
credit) beyond its limit. [far, or beyond strength. I
(Krar-OtTe' (-dri?'), v.L&l To drive too hard, or |
(Krar-dluK (-du'), a. Due and more than due ; de-
layed beyond the proper time of arrival or payment.
O'TV-foed' (-fSJO* V. t. & i. To feed to excess.
O'Ter-flOW' (-flS')* V. t. [AS. o/erflOwan.'} 1. To flow
over ; to cover with water or other fluid ; to inundate.
2. To flow over the brim of ; to flll more than full, ^v.i,
X. To run over the bounds. 2. To be superabundant.
(Krar-floW (S'vSr-flS'), n. 1. A flowing over ; inun-
dation. 8. Superfluous portion; superabundance. 3.
Outlet for escape of surplus liquid.
CKvtr-gnmr (-gry)* «'• ^* To grow over ; to cover
with growth, or with rank herbage. ^ v. i. To grow b»>
yond the flt or natural sise.— (KF«r-gr0Wtll' (-grSthOt n.
(ym-ham^ (-hlnd')t n. The upper hand; advan-
tage ; mastery. — a. L Over and over ; sewed together
bry pwUijr evh atUch ovpr botli eilgm. 2^ Done (as
pit<:!ki[it; Hir bonlioK) "ith tli« huavl hif^Uvr than the
«l>N>Wf or tlK« ftrm ahova tbs ihoiiliJer. — ^jiff. In an
OTf^rhiud iTijjtner or jitjle, [JtUt Qt i* reject over. I
OtvI-Iuulx' (-h|ji£[')T V. t. Jt i. To hi^jh^nd, hang,!
C'Vu-lUUIg^ n. 1. ThAt wldch |fir<>jeet« ; measure of
th & proj^c tiqji , 2, ProJ&sstion of aji u jiper pai b (as a roof,
aliilp^i twu-,, etc.) beyouJ the luwor part,
O ver-IUQl' ('bj^lOt *'. (' L Ti:i Iviul or drag over ; to
hupect thoroughly far porrectioni or n^^nlri. 2. To gain
Bptjii {i fthip. etCn) III t» chuwi ^ Uf Qv^fUki
0^sr-tUIIll^ I n. A dtnct exiiuiiujitiaa for cor-
O'VOr-hml^Ing; f rectioo or nvpalra.
O'TU-lieaA' I Ji^d'), ivlu. Aloft ; nbnirtf ; in thesenith.
OTet-heax'' t-iiSK)t t'. /. (Ali. n.krhifum.'] 1. To
lla^r more of (.inytluof ) thuu wm liiteitdei] tu be heard ;
to h«aF hv Hi^iiniit or art.Lfl|c^«. S- To Imatr a^min.
GKm-U'Blie ('Ijih''tl>, 7U Ati triiTJuive issue; issue
(of ntitea, bonds, «tcO (»xc«edjti^ tlio limit of capital,
ifrsJU, or Authority. ^ t* (h Tu iMiie 3u ^fUrt--*.
O^Tif-foy' (jf^^'U "■ f' To gratify eitroiuii'ly.
O^erloy' ^ioi'), n. E^se^^tSi^ Joy ; trari»7t>ort.
O^ver-laild'' (-IKud'), a. Bcln^^ or iii-i!oui^.iEi8hed, over
th« till I, iTi.^tfjjvJ of liy sea. ^*t(Jx^ Bv, or ac rose, land.
O Ver lAp' C-llr*'). »'■ ^. & i. To ]ay ov#r ; ro lap.
0^y«i'U^ (S'vir-IXp'X '^^ ^^^ lapping mf one thing
over another.
Crtr-Uy' (-liOi t** '• 1* To 1^7* or spread, sometliing
over or across ; to overwhelm ; to press excessively upon.
S. To smother with a close coverintr* or by lying upon.
Ctst-Imi^ C-lSpOi ^' '• [^S. o/erA/e<iiMm.] To leap
over or across ; to omit ; to ignore.
Cvtr-lle' (-li'), V. L To lie over or upon ; to suffo-
cate by lying upon. [load too heavily. I
Crtr-lMfl' (-1910, V. /. To load or All to excess ; to|
Crer-lOBd' (-19d0« n. An excessive load; excess
beyond a proper lo\d.
iKTar-lOOlP (-ld6k'), v. /. 1. To look down upon from
a place above ; to rise above, so as to command a view
of. 2. To supervise; to watch over. 3. To inspect. 4.
To look over and beyond (anything) without seeing it ;
to refndn from bestowing notice or attention upon ; to
pass over without censure or punishment ; to excuse.
Cvtr-maatar (-mis'tSr), v. t. To overpower.
(S^vSr-mXcV), v. t. To be more than
equal to or a match for ; hence, to vanquish.
Crw-matOll^ (-mIchO, n. One superior in power ;
contest in which one of the opponents is overmatched.
Crer-mnOll' (-miichOt a< Too much.«<ufv. In too
great a dMree : too much. — n. An excess ; surplus.
Crw-iubt' (-Bit^), a. Excessively nice ; fastidious.
O^rer-nla^' (-nif ), adv. In the for% part of the
niffht last past ; in the evening before ; during the night.
(Krvr-INUHI' (-pAe^), v. t To pass over ; to omit.
Cv«r-p*y^ (-P^')i ^- *• To pay too much to.
O^er-plm (-plfis), n. [Over -^ L. plut more.] That
which remains titer a supply ; surplus. [subdue. I
O^VW-pow'ar (-pou^r), r. U To exceed in power ; to|
8yn. — To overbear ; overcome ; vanquisu ; defeat ;
crush ; overwhelm ; overthrow ; rout ; conquer ; subdue.
Cvw-ntO' (-rSt^)} V- /• To rate or value too higbhr.
O^er-rMOh' (-rSch')t v* <• 1* To reach above or be*
yond. 2. To get the better of, by artifice or cunnUig ; to
outwit. — r. i. 1. To reach too far ; as : (a) To strike
the toe of the hind foot against the heel of the fore foot ;
— said of horses. (6) To sail on one tack farther than is
necessary. 2. To cheat. — O'vtr-rMUdl'er, n.
Crer-rM^ (-r9ch/), n. The strikhig the heel of the
fore foot with the toe of the hind foot ; — said of horses.
Cvw-llde' (-ridO, V. L [AS. o/tfrKdon.l 1. To ride
over or across ; to ride upon ; to trample down. 2. To
suppress ; to destroy ; to supersede ; to annul. 3. To
ride too much ; to ride (an animal) beyond its strength.
Cvtr-nile' (-ntiOf v. /. 1. To rule over ; to govern
by superior authority. 2. To determine in a contrary
way ; to decide against ; to abrogate or alter ; to rule
agMnst. — V. <. To be superior or supreme.
(Kvtr-nmf (.rlLu/), v. t, l. To run over; to spread
over in excess ; to invade and occupy ; to take possession
of. 2. To exceed in distance or speed of running. 3.
To extend beyond. 4. To carry (type) over, or back,
from one line or page into another. — v. i. To run or
flow over or by something ; to be in excess.
Cver-MA' (-aS')* a. Beyond the sea ; foreign.
Cwr-Me' (-ay), V. t. [AS. o/ergedn to survey, to
despise.] To superintend; to direct; to overlook.—
Cv«r-M«r' (-sir' or -sy8r), n.
Cwr-Mt' (-aSt^), V. /. 1 To turn or tip (anything)
over from an upright, or a proper, position so that it lies
upon its side or bottom upwards ; to upset. 2. To sub-
vert ; to overthrow. — 17. <. To turn, or be turned, over.
Cvar-Mt' (S^vSr-aSt^), n. An upsetting ; overthrow.
CTer-ihado' (-shSdO, Cvmr-aliad'ow (-shSd'd), v. t,
1. To throw a shadow, or shade, over; to obscure.
2. To cover with a superior influence.
O'VersllO*' (-fthn^r',. r* "'^c^r- v-nm over another for
O ■ Vtt-t^OOi' I -<iliOfA '} , p - 1- 1. To ahoot a vor or beyond.
2 To paws HwifUy over j to fly beyond. 3, To eirwd.
— *■. !, Tin fly heyoDi] th*^ nuirk. ^^^'~
whr<'l. wlifiiic circiiiaTon^iii^i* ii*f^-
C ' i'h c3lvUllf(t OF tnlHjIetrtH, 5^
a 3« tiiiniif^d by wiiter
8 -r it* top. filling tirji'
I Liip farther hidr.
Q'vaTAight' l-nii'>, fi. 1.
WiMi'nl ' iiTU ; Auperlnt^Tirlffiifrfl, '
2- An ..Vi^rli»|(in(!' ; nmtiuL-tu.
Syn. - !^np«iriiitAn(1**n^;*i ; fu-
p«rriAioiL i m^AiH't : otniiiato».
O'ver- Bleep' i -Itr/), ? , t. To '
O'Ttr-tpTMld' (-spr6d'), r. t. To spread over ; to cover.
(ywn-alta,W (-atatO, t>. /. To at-ite in too strong terms ;
to exaggerate. — CTCr-SUte'lIMIIt, n.
fSm, reoont, 6rb, r^de, fyll, lUn, ftfbd, fdbt, out, oil, oliair, bo, sins, igk, then, thin.
OVERSTAY
400
OYEZ
(Kw-ataf (O'vir-stiO, V. /. To stay beyond the
time or liuiiu of.
(Kwr-SWp' (-stSi/), r. /. [AS. qfersieppan.} To step
OTer or bttyoud ; to triuiagreet. [mUi) to exceu. 1
(Kvwr-Straln' (-•trSu'), v. i. & t. To straiu (one'^l
O^rut (Q'vSrt), o. [OF., p. p. of ovrir to open ; cf.
Lk aperire to opeu.1 Opea to riew ; public ; mauifest.
O'Vtr-Ukt^ (S'vlr^UQcO, V. L 1. xc oome up with in
« poreuit or motion. 2. Tosurpricc; m> capture.
O'wr-Uak' (-UbkO* «• <• Tu teak too heavily.
CKrer-tax' (•tUca'), «. /. Tb tax or to task too heavily.
(Kvwr-tlurow^ (-thrS'}, t>. /. 1. To throw over ; to up-
■et. 2. To cauae to fall or to fail ; to make a ruiu of.
Syn. — To demoUah : overturn : prostrate ; deittroy :
miu ; subvert ; conquer ; vanquish ; beat ; rout.
(yVw-tliroW (5'v2r-thr8'), n. Au overthrowing, or
being overthrown ; ruin.
O^mr'thm^ (-tim^), n. Time beyond, or in excess of,
a limit ; extra working time.
Ohmt'lJ (S'vSrt-iy), adv. PubUcly ; openly.
(Krir-tav' (S'vSr-tOi/), v. t. 1. To rise above the top
of ; to tower above. 2. To go beyond ; to transcend ;
to transgress. 3. To dwarf ; to obacure.
(KTW-tnd*' (-(ridOt V. i. To buy goods beyond one's
means of paying for them ; to overstock the market.
(Knr-tlir* (-tttr ; 40), n. [OF., fr. om'r. See O vest.]
1. An offer ; proposition for consideratiou, acceptance,
or rejeoti<ni. 2. A musical composition, for a full or-
chestra, introductory to an oratorio, opera, etc.
Cwr-tnni' (-tfimOi r. /. l. To turn or throw from
a basis, foundation, or position ; to overset. 2. To sub-
vert ; to overthrow. 3. To overpower ; to conquer.
Syn. — To demolish ; overthrow. See I>sm<mjsh.
CKrer-tliril', n. An overturning, or being overturned
or subverted; overthrow.
O'wr-Tal'IM (•vU'u), r. /. To value at too high a price.
Qfynt-mm^ (-wSnO, r. i. [as. o/enrenian.) To
think too highly or arrc^autly ; to be egotbtic, arrogant,
or rash, in opinion. — O'VW-weenillg-ly, adr.
(yynr-wMt^ i-^fV), v. /. To exceed in weight
(yyu-wnU^ (-wit'), n. 1. Weight over and above
what is reouired. 2. Preponderance.
CKrer-WBellll' (-hwSlmO. r. t. 1. To cover over com-
pletely, as by a great wave ; to ingulf ; to bury ; to op-
i>ress, engross, etc., overpoweringly. 2. To project or
mpend over threateningly. 3. To surround or cover.
— O^Ttr-whalmliig-lT , adv.
Cv«r-WOrk' (-wtirkO, r. t. & i. To work beyond the
strength or too long ; to tire excessively.
Cw-WOllE', n. Work in excess of the usual or stip-
ulated time or quantity ; extra work ; excessive labor, i
Cwr-wnrngllf (-rftf), p. p. & a. fr. OvERWORK-
Wrought upon excessively ; overworked ; overexcited. 1
(Krl-dllOt (S'vT-dOkt), n. [Ot'um egg -f duct.] A
tube, or duct, to convey ova from the ovary. i
Cvt-fdnn (-f 8rm), a. [Ovum -^ -form.] Egg-shaped.
Cvlna (-vin), a. [L. ovinus, it. ovis sheep. J Pert, to
sheep ; consisting of sheep. I
O-V^a-rons (S-vTp'A-r&s), a. [L. oviparus; wum
egg -I- parere to bring forth.] Producing young from
eggs ; — opp. to virlparout.
Cvl-pM'lt (5'vT-p5j|'Tt), r. <. A /. To lay or deposit
(eggs) ; — said esp. of insects. — Cvl-
pO-Sltlon (-p^-zTsli'&n), n.
0'Vl-BP«'l-tor(-p»z'T-t?r),n. pLorum
-f-/)owerf,po*i/»/m,toplice.] Organ with
which many insects, etc., ^lepoait egffs.
(Krl-MIO (-sKk), n. [Orum -f- tac]
Sac containing ova.
(Kvoid (^void), a. [Omm + -0«f ] o Ovinoritor of
Bffg-shnpod ovntf>. ^ n. A solid («haped Jchneumon Fly
Uk« AH «w. — 0-TOld'al («.void'<Tl), a. < ' '""*'">•
Cvo-lO (-v<k-lft), n. [It., fr. L. ovum.'] A round, con-
vex architectural molding.
A raptorial bird, having
<Kflto (5^rtl), n. [Dim. of L. oram.] (a)Thenidft-
ment of a seed, growing from a placenta, aua bbving %
soft nucleus witiiin two delicate coatings. The attached
base of the ovule is the hUum^ and the orifice the /ora-
men, (6) An ovum.
II <KVWB (-v(im), n. [L.] A mass of granular proto>
plasm, which develops into cells, constituting a new indi-
vidual like the parent ; an egg, spore, germ, or germ cell.
Ow« (9), tf. /. [OB. otren, a^Aen, AS. aaan.] 1. To
have or possess ; to be obliged for. 2. To have an oUi-
gatlon to restore, pay, or render (something) in return
for something received.
Owl (oul), «. [AS. «/f.]
large eyes and ears,and mostiy
nocturnal in its habits.
Owl'et (-St), n. A small owL
Owl'toh, a. Like an owl.
0WB(5n),v.t rAS.«m}i/m
to grant ; confused with otm
to possess.] To grant; toac-
knowledge; tocmifess.
Own, a. [AS. Som, p. p.
of d^on to possess. BeedwB.]
Belonging to, or exclusively
or eepeciallv to; peculiar.—
r. /. [AS. agnian, fr. ogen.]
To hold as property ; to pos- i
sess.— OwB'cr, n. |
Own'ar-lcts, a. Without
an owner.
OWB'tr-fllllp, n. Right of
poseescion; l^al or iust claim
or title ; proprietoruiip.
Os (M8), n.; pi. OxsH
(5kb"n). [AS.otta.1 The male
of bovine quadupeos, es|>. the
castrated domestic ai '
grown to full size.
Os-alio (-Silk), a. Pert to, derived from, or coo-
taiued in, oxalis ; designating an acid found in oxalis and
plants of tlie Buckwheat family.
Ox'a-Us (Ski/A^lTs), n. [L., sorrel, Gr. &f«JUt, fr. ^^
sharp, acid.] A genus of plants, mostly l>erbB, with acid-
tastiug leaves ; wood sorrel. [being oxidised. (
Os i-^tkni (-T-di'shUn), n. [F.] An oxidizing, or |
Os^0 (QksTd or -Id), n. [F. oxygine oxygen -f meide
acid : cf. F. oxyde.] A bina^ compound of oxygen with
an atom or radical.
Osl-dlBt (-T-diz), r. i. To combine with oxygen, or
subject to the action of oxygen, or of an oxidising af ent ;
to add oxygen to ; to remove hydrogen from (anything),
as by action of oxvgen ; to acidify.
Ox^-C«ll (-j&O) n. [F. oxyghne^ fr. Or. ifvv sharp,
odd -^ root of yiyvtaBoA to be bom, —because orig. con-
sidered an essential part of every aeid.'X A colorless, taste-
leas, odorless, gaseous element occurring in the free state
in the atmosphere, being slightly b^vier than nitrogen.
^T* It forms 8-9 br weight of water, and probably 1-1
by weight of the soUa crust of the globe. It is indispoi-
sable in respiration, and may be prepared in the pore
state by heeling potassium chlorate.
0z^-C«D-«t6 (-it), ory-cea-iM (-jSn-Iz), v. t. To
combine witli oxygen : to oxidice. — Os'y-ft]l*A'tllHI, ».
Os'y-ff«lio (-jSnOk), Os-yr»<OU (-Tj'l-n&s), a.
Like, pert to. containing, or produoinf . oxygen.
Oz^-tOlM (-tSn), a. [Gr. i^vroi^of : h^fk sharp + r^rst
tone.] Having an anute sound ; in Greek words, with sn
acute accent on the l«st syllable. ^ n. 1. An acute sound.
2. A Greek word with an acute accent on the la^ * pyUaM^,
O'yer (^.v^r), n. [Anglo-F., a hearing, fr. OF. c^ to
hear, L. anttire.] A legal hearing of a deed, bond, etc.
O^ea' (yyftV), in/erj. [Anglo-F. oyet hear ye. Set
Otbk.] Hear ; attend ; — a call nf court criers to secm«
silence, repeated three times. [Written also oye«.l
Great Gr«T Owl iUhia
citterea).
«,e,
1, 5, 0, long ; ii, 6, 1, 5, a, tt ataort ; aanftte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, tuiite, c4re, Mim, Aik, (U, flnoL
OYSTER
401
PAGANISM
OfltMr (oisOSr). n. [OF. oistre, L. ostrea. Or. o<rrprav ;
probb akin to oortfov bone.] An edible muine bivalve
Biollaak.
Qyiter bed, a breeding place for oysters : place in a tidal
river or water near the seAsbore, where oysters are de-
posited to grow and fatten for market. — Oyster plant,
(a) A plant whoee root, when cooked, somewhat resembles
the oyster in taste ; salsify, (b) A plant of the seacoastof
Northern Enrope« America, and A}da, whose freah iMves
have a flavor of oysters.
(yWM (S'xSn or 6-z5d'), n, [Or. o^» smelling, p. pr.
of o^civ to smell.] A colorless saseous form of oxygen, a
strong oxidiser, named fr. its odor, like weak chlorine. —
O-nnlo (-sSnTk), (KM-nou (S'sd-nfis or ft-synfis), a.
Ptll^Ivm (pn/tt-IBifi), n. [L., akin to patcere to
pMture.] Nutriment ; food.— Pab^-lar, A.
Pa'M {Pg. pKOci ; E. piOcA), n. [Pg., f r. native name.]
South American rodent, resembling the Ouiuea pig.
Paoe (pisl, n. [OE. & F. /MM, fr. L. patnu step.]
1. A step. %. Length of a step in walking, from heel of
one foot to heel of the other, and estimated at 2 1-2 to 3
feet. S. Manner of stepping ; gait ; walk. 4. A horse's
fast amble ; a rack. — r. i. 1. To walk ; to move with
measared steps. 2. To move quickly by lifthig the legs
on the same side together, as ahorse ; to amble rapidly ;
to rack. — r. /. L To walk slowly over or upon. 2. To
measure by paces. 3. To develop the paoe of ; to break
In.— Pa'«er(pi'<3r),ii.
P«.<Aa' (P*-»lia'). ». [F.l Pashi.
Padl'V-danil (pSkT-dSrm), n. One of the Pachyder-
mata. — Paoll'y-der'llUl (-der'mal), a.
B PMll'y-dtmui-U (-d8r'mA.tA), n. pi. [NL. , f r. Or.
waxv^PfUi^ thick-skinned ; iraxu« thick + 5«pfia Hkin.]
A group of hoofed mammals having thick skins, including
the elephant, hippopotamus, rhinoceros, tapir, horse, and
hog. — Pack'y-dar'nui-toiui (-t&s), a.
PAHtfflO (pSfc-sTfTk), a. [L. pacifteta. See Pacift.]
Pert, to peace ; of peaceful character ; not quarrelsome.
8tii. — Peacemaking ; appeasing ; conciliatory ; tran-
quil; ealm ; quiet ; peaceful : reconcilhig ; mild : gentle.
Pa-Offl-Mllon (pA-sTf'T-ka'shfin or pSs^-fT-), n. A
pacifying or making peace between parties at variance.
Pft-«ln-Oft'tOr (-kS'tSr), n. [L.] A peacemaker.
Pa-«lfl-0*-tO-r7 (-kA-t^-rf). a. Conciliatory.
Paol-lT (pfat-fl), r. /. r F. pacifier. L. paciftcare ;
pax^ paeUf peace -f -ficare (in comp.) to make.] To
appease ; to calm ; to still ; to quiet. — Paol-fl'tr, n.
Pick (pXk), n. [ Akhi to O. packA 1. A bundle made
np to be Oanied, esp. on the back ; load for an animal ;
bale. 2. A quantity equal to the contents of a pack ;
multitade ; burden. 3. A number of similar things ; as :
(fl) A full set of playing cards. (6) A number of dogs,
hunting or kept together, (r) A number of persons as-
sociated in a bad design ; gang. 4. A large area of float-
ing pieces of ice. 6. A wrapping of sheets used in hydro-
pathic practice.
Faek animal. Pack bene, one employed In carrying packs.
— Tack saddle, a saddle for supporting the load on a pack
animal. —Pack thread, strong thread or small twine for
tying packs or parcels.
— r. t. 1. To make a pack of; to arrange securely and
compactly ; to press into narrow compass. 2. To fill se-
curely, as for transporUtion ; to stow away within ; to
crowd into. 3. To arrange (cards) in a pack so as to
secure the game unfairly. 4. To make up (a jury, com-
mittee, etc.) fraudulently, in order to secure a certain |
result. 6. To load with a p^k ; to encumber. 6. To send !
away with baggage or belongings : to send away per-
emptorily. 7. To envelop (a patient^ in a wet or dry
■beet. 8. To render (a joint, etc.) impervious to air, I
water, or steam, by filling or surrounding with suitable
Bwterials. ~ v. t. 1. To make up packs or bundles ; to
■tow articles for transportation. 2. To become com-
pressed into a compact mass. 3. To depart in haste ; — ,
generally with off or away. — Paok'cr, n. j
Paok'agt (pXktj ; 2), n. 1. A packing. 2. Bundle for
transportation ; parcel. 3. Charge for packing goods.
Paok'et (-^t), n. [F. paquet, dim. fr. Uj. vaccus.'}
1. A small pack or package ; parcel. 2. Vessel for con-
veying mails, passengers, and goods. ~ v. /. 1. To make
up into a bundle. 2. To send in a packet or dispatch vesseL
Paok1|UUl, n. One bearing a pack ; peddler.
Paot (pSkt), n. [L. pacitcercy pactum, to bai^gain.]
An agreement ; conipact ; covenant.
Pod (pSd), n. [D. See Path.] 1. An eaqr-paced
horse. 2. A highwayman ; footpad.
Pod, n. [Perh. akm to/MMf.l 1. A cushion ; stuffing.
2. A kind of cushion for writing upon, or for blotting ;
a block of paper. 3. Cushion used as a saddle. 4.
Stuffed guard or protection. 6. Cushionlike thickening
of tlie skm on the under side of animals' toea. 6. Float-
ing leaf of a water lily, etc. — v. /. To stuff.
Pad'dlllff , n. 1. A makhig a pad. 2. Material for pad-
ding anything. 3. Material put in to fill a book, essay, etc.
Pad'dle (pU'dU), f. L [Prob. dim. of /w/.l To dab-
ble in water with hands or feet ; to use a jwddle in swim-
ming, paddling a boat, etc.^v. /. 1. To pat or stroke
genUy. 2. To propel with paddles, ^n. 1. An oarlike
implement. 2. A short, broad blade. 3. Float at the
circumference of a water wheel. 4. Small gate in sluioea
or lock gates to admit or let off water. 6. A paddle-
shaped foot, as of the sea turtle. 6. Implement for
stirring or mixing.
Paddle wheel, propelling wheel of a steam vessel, having
paddles (or floats) on its circumference.
Pad'dOOk (-diik), n. [OE. & D. padde toad + -ock.^
A toad or frog.
Pad'dook, n. [AS. pearrue.1 Inclosure for pasture.
Pad'd7 (-d^), n. [Corrup. fr. St. Patrick, tutelar
saint of Ireland.] Jocose name for an Irishman.
Pod'dy, n. [MaUypS^.] Unhusked rice.
PadlOOk' (-lOkO, »■ [Perh. erig., lock for Vkpad gate.]
Portable lock jointed at one end
so as to be opened, the other end
being fastened by the bolt.— v. /.
To fasten with a padlock.
II Pa-dro'ne (pA-drynt), ». ;
pi. It. Padbo.ni (-n*), E. Padbo-
NBB. [It J 1. A patron; pro-
tector. 2. Master of a Mediter-
ranean coasting vessel. 3. One
who imports, and controls earn-
ings of, Italian laborers, street
musicians, etc.
Pas'aa (pS'^rn), n. [L. : Or.
irauiv, fr. Ilatav Apollo.] [Writ-
ten also peanA 1. Ancient
Oreek hymn in honor of Apollo,
later of other deities. 2. A song
of triumph.
Pa'saa (pS'gan), n. [L. naganm a countryman,
peasant, pagan, fr. panug aistrict, the country.] Wor-
shiper of false gods ; idoUter ; one neither Christian, Mo-
hammedan, nor Jeyr.^a. Heathen. ^Pa'gan-lBD, n.
Syn. — Pagan : OEimLK ; Heathkn ; idolater. - Gen-
tile was applied to other notions of the euth as dislin-
Section of Padlock.
fSm, rscent, Arb, nida, fyll, ftm, fdbd, fdbt, imt, oU, chair, go* alnsi Ink, th«n«tlliii.
26 ^
PAGANIZE
402
PALESTRA
goithec
led from the Jews. Paaan was the name given to
irs in the early Christian church, because the ft/-
la^tn being most remote from centers of instruction,
long remained unoonTorted. iVeo/A^n has tlte same origin.
rrgaB-lM (pi'ffon-ls), V. t. To render heathenish.
Pftft (pCJ), n. [F., fr. It, paffffio. Or. a-otitbr, dim. of
ir««ff, wuiMtj boy, s^nrant.] Formerly, a youth attending
a person of high rank ; now, a youth employed to do
errands, wait on the door, etc.
Pact, n, [F., fr. L. paoina.'] 1. One side of a leaf
of a book or manuscript. 2. The type set up for printing
a MO* — g^ t; To number the pages of_(a book, etc. ).
(pi'j«nt or pltj'eut), fi. [OE. pagent^ pogen^
^old or stave, hence, what wan exhibited on
LL. paoina.'] 1. A theatrical spectacle. 2. An
orig., a scaffold or stave, hence, what wan exhibited on
it. It. LL. paainaA 1. A theatrical spectai '
elaborate pubUo exhibition, show, or display.
Pag'MIBt-rF, ». Scenic shows ; splendor.
Syn* — Pomp J parade ; show ; diq^y ; niectacle.
ragl-aal {piyi'tMi), a, [L. paginalU.] Consisthig
of psges. [in numbering pages ; page number. I
Pajri-aallon, n. The paging a book ; cliaracters used |
Pt-gO'dA (p4-g8'd&), n. [Pg. ; f r. Per. but-kadah house
of idob, abode ot Oodf ; but an idol + kadah house, tem-
i^e.] 1. A temple of the Hindoos and Buddhists of India,
uhina, and Ji^ian. 2. A gold or silver coin, formerly
eurrent in India. [hired. I
Paid (pid), imp., 0. p., & a. of Pat. RecelTing pay ;
DPal-bl'BU (pij&'m*), n. Pyjama.
Pin (pil), ». [A8. vmoel wine vessel, paD ; akin to
Dan. piepef half a pint. J A vessel of wood or tin, for car-
rying water* milk, etc. ; a bucket.
PallfDl, k. QuanUty that a pail will hold.
PtiB (pin), n. [OB. & F. peine^ f r. L. poena penalty,
pain.] 1. Punishment suffered or denounced ; siifferiiig
inflicted aspunikhment for crime ; penalty. 2. Physical
uneasiness or torture, from derangement of functions,
disease, or injury by violence ; distress ; suffering ; ache ;
smart. 3. pi. Travail of childbirth. 4. Uueaiineu of
mind ; mental distress ; anxiety: grief; anguish.— r. /.
1. To put to bodily anguish. 2. To render uneasy in mind.
Brn.— To disquiet ; erieve ; distress ; torment : torture.
AlDftaL a. 1. Full of pain ; causing uneasiness or
distress. 2. Requiring toil; executed with Isborious
effort. —PtlBfU-ly, adv. — PtlBfnl-IMM, n.
Syn. —Disquieting ; troublesome ; grievous ; difficult.
Fiifllim (pi'nTm), n. [OF. paimiitmt paganism.
See Paoah.] A pagan ; infidel ; — used also adjectively.
PtiBlMS (pinnSs), a. Free from pain ; without paiL
— PtiBlM-lT, adv. — PlIlllaM-nMS, i>.
Pains (pins), ». Labor ; toilsome effort ; care ; — pL
in form, but generally n«ed with a singular verb.
Palnalak'cr (-tik^r), n. One who ukes pains.
Palns'takinc, a. Careful in doing; attentive.— n.
The taking pains ; carefulness.
Paint ((4mt), r. /. [F. oetn/, p. p. of peindre to paint,
fr. L. pingtre^ pictnm.\ 1. To cover with coloring mat-
ter ; to apply paint to. 2. To color, stain, or tinge. 3.
To form a colored likeness of on a flat surface. 4. To
describe vividly ; to depict, ^v. i. 1. To practice the
art of painting. 2. To color one*s face, to beautify it.
^n. 1. A pigment or coloring substance. 2. A cos-
metic; rouge. — Palnfer, n.
Palnt'tr, ». [OE. pnntere a noose, snare, F. pantihrt^
L. panther hunting net, fr. Or. ww^pa ; wi.% all -f ^p
benst.] A rope at the bow of a boat, used to fasten it.
Pamfar, n. [Corrup. of panther.^ The panther, or
puma. [An illiterate form, V. 5.]
Palnt^lC, n. 1. A laying on, or adorning with,
paints or colors. 2. Work of the painter ; colored rep-
resentation of objects on a flat surface.
Srn. — Bee PiCTUBB.
nlr (ptr), n. [F. paire^ L. paria^ pL of par pair, f r.
p/ir. adj., equal.] 1. A number of things belonging to-
Sither ; a set. 2. Two things of like kind end form,
tended to be used together. 3. A span ; yoke ; couple ;
resided.] 1. Reaidenoe of a sovereign. 2. A
Pal'a-dln (-f^fp). n, [F., fr. I^ palatinms
brace. 4. A married couple ; a man and wife. S. A
aingle thing, composed of two pieoec fitted to each other ;
as, a pair of scissors. 6. Two members of opposite opin-
ion, as in a parliamentary bod V| who mutoally agree not
to vote on certain issues dnrW s specified tiiDe.^v. t.
&t. 1. To Join in pairs. 2. To suit ; to fit.
Hrn, — Paxb ; Flight : Bcr. — Originally, pair was not
confined to two things, but was ap^ed to any nombor
of equal things (pare»)^ that go together. Beo Jonsnn
speaks of a nmr (set) of chessmen ; also of a pair (pack^
of cards. A ** pair of stairs** is still in pc^Hilaraso.
Te pair sfl, to separate from a company fan pairs or coo-
pies ; to agree with one of the oppoaite party to abstefai
from voting on specified inuea.
Pal (pny, n. A mate ; partner ; aocompUce. {Siimg\
Pal'afie(pil'is;2),». [OE. & F. patois, fr. L. Pa6-
tium^ one of the seven hills of Rome, on which Augustas
■— - - • 7-U.u
the palace.] A knight-errant ; distinguished ohampioiu
Pal^an-^pilB' (pU^oQ-kinO, n. [K ; Pff. wdomim^
Javan. pakmgki bed. couch.] An oriental inclosad Utter,
borne on men's shoulders, for conveying a single person.
[Written slso pa/onJteeti.]
Pal'a-U-Ua(pll'A^tA-bn),a. Agreeable to the palate
or taste; acceptable; pleasing.
Pal'a-tal (-tol), a. l. Pert, to the palate; palatine.
2. Uttered by aid of the palate. — ft. A sound uttered,
or letter pronounced, by aid of the palate, aa h and y.
Pal'ate(piltt; 2),n. [L-pato/ttm.] 1. Roof of the
mouth. 2. Relish; taste; liking.
Pa-Ia^al (p^li'shal), a. tL. paiaiium palace.]
Pert, to, or like, a palace ; royal ; magnificent.
Pa-IaM-nata (-Hta-nU), ». [F. palaiiMoi.} Prov.
ince, seigniory, or dignity of a palatine.
Pal'a-tlne (pU'MIn), a. [F. palatini L. palaHmua^
fr. p4iiatium. See Palaoim.] Pert, to a palace, or high
officer of a palace ; poeseseiug royal privileges. — ». One
having royid privileges and r^hu within hb domain.
CovBt pslatlns, a count having royal Jurisdictioii. —
Coaatar Mlattas, a county whose promietor had royal
Junsdirtion. - rslattes hill, or Ths ValatiBe, one of the
seven hills of Rome. See Palaol
Pal'a-tlnet a. Pert, to the palate. «a. One of the
palatine bones, a pair of bones in the roof of the mouth.
Pa-Ia'ver (pA-l&'vSr), n. [8p. pafabra, fr. h. parabola
a comparison, parable.] 1. Talk; conversation; idle
talk ; flattery. 2. In Africa, a parley with the nativea ;
public conference ; debate. — r. A A i. To talk idly or
deoeitfully ; to flatter ; to cajole. — Pa4a^r«r-«r, ft.
Pato (pil), a. [F. p&le, fr. L. pallere to be or k>ok
pale.] 1. Wanting in color; not ruddy; pallid; wan.
2. Not brilliant ; of falnC luster or hue ; dim. — r. i. & /.
To turn pale ; to dim. — Palaly, adv. — Palt'Btaa, a.
Pale, n. [F. pa/, fr. L. oo/tu.] 1. A pointed stske
for fencing; picket. 2. Aboundsry; limit; fence. 3.
A limited region or place ; an loclosore. ^ r. /. To inclose
with pales ; to encircle ; to encompass ; to fence off.
Paae-ogTa-pliy (prrt-SgTA-^n •• [P«/eo- + -^re-
phy.'] 1. An ancient manner of writing ; ancient writ-
ings, collectively. 2. Study of ancient inscriptions ; art
of deciphering ancient writings. — Pala-Off^-phar, n,
— Paa»^Kiapli1o (-^-griflk), PaOa-o-giaplilo^ a.
Pale^'O-fy (-«'»-»), n. tPaleo- -^ Jogp.} Btody
of antiquities ; srchawlogy. — Pala^')0:ftet, n.
Paaamo-tOl'O-ST (-Cn-twe-jy), n. [Pateo- -f Or.
5rra existing things -f -logy. ] Sdenoe of the anoieBt life
of the earth, or ox fossil remains of such life.
Paa»^ao^ (-«-»5ak), a. iPaieo- -f Or. M «»•.]
Pert, to the older division of geoloeioal time dnrmg which
life is known to have existed, molnding the BihiriaB,
DevonUn, and Carboniferous agea.»n. Hie Paleoiote
time or strata.
Pa-lealra (pA-lSs'tri), n. [Or. waXaivrp^ tr. vmXmUtm
to wrestle.] [Written also paleWra.] (a)A|
ft, 9, 1, S, a, long ; A, «, 1, 5, 0, t, short ; ssnftte, avent, Idea, 6bey, finite, oAre, ttrm, Adc, tn, ftML
PALESTMAN
403
PALPITATION
Fa4«nilo (-trlk), Pa^M'MiHd (-tr^]ulI^a•
11 Pal'0-tOt (pia^US ; F. pU'tS'), n. [F. ; prob. fr. L.
palla robe + '• to^tM cap, ftod so lit., a frock with a cap
or hood.] An overcoat.
Pal'eitb(pU'Bt),n. [F.pa//e/thhi board.] Painter'*
tablet, with a thumb hole at one end for holding- it, on
widch to lay and mix pigments. [Written also pallet.}
Pallray (Pftl'frj^)i »• [OE. & of. paU/rel, lL pala-
freduiA A saddle horse, as dieting, fr. a war horse.
PaOi (piiai), n. [Cevlonese, fr. Skr. pali row, series,
applied to the series of Buddhist sacred texto. ] A dialect
of Sanskrit, a dead language, except when used as the
language of the Buddhist religion in Farther India, etc
Pal'mip-MIt (pUTmp-sSst), ». [Or. iroAtM^arw;
vdlAir again + Ifr^ to rub away.] A parchment written
npon twice, the first writing having been erased.
PalftB-dfOmo (-Tn-dr9m), n. [Or. iraAiv3pofUK running
back again ; roAiy + <pa/A«ty to run.] A word or sen-
tence that is the same read backward or forward ; as,
madam ; Hannah ; or Lewd did Hive df evil I did dtoel.
PallnC (piFTng), n. Pales, in general ; fence; limit.
Pill-BOm (pUT-nSd), n. [Or. iroAu^ta ; iroAiv 4-
ifii song.] 1. An ode recanting, or retracting, a former
one ; repetition of an ode. 2. A retraction.
Pll'l-«ld«' (-ASd')* ». [F. paliuadf, Ua. palismta ;
fr. L. pdhu stake, pale.] A strong stake, having o»s
•od set firmly in Mb» ground; a fence formed of such
stakes. —«. /. To surround, or fortify, with palisades.
Palllll (palTsb), a. Somewhat pale or wan.
P«ll(p||l),n. Pawl.
PaU, n. [AS. pe/, f r. L. pallium cover, claik, pall ;
ef. L. palla mantle.] 1. An outer garment; cloak;
mantle. 2. A pallium. 3. A black cloth, thrown over
a coffin at a funeral, or over a tomb.
Pall, V. i, [Abbr. fr. appall^ or fr. F. p&lir to grow
pale.] To become vapid, dull, or insipid ; to lose life,
spirit, or taste.— V. /. iL To make insipid, lifeless, or
splritlesa; to dull; to weaken. 2. TosatUte; to cloy.
PMUa'Oi-vm (pH-la'dT-fim), n. [L., fr. Or. noAAo^tof,
fr. noAAflw, -Aa&if , Pallss.] 1. A sUtue of the goddess
Pallas, on the preservation of which depended the safety
of Troy. 2. fiffectual saf effuard.
Pal-U'dl-mn, n. [NL.] A rare metallic element,
resembling platinum. [fin at a f uueraL i
Pllia>0ar-«r (pftl'btr-Sr), n. One attending the cof-
PAia«t (pUnSt), It. [OE. & F. paillet heap of straw,
fr. Ij. paUa ohaffj A small and mean bed ; bed of straw.
ParlCtt n. [f. palette; prop., a fire shovel, dim. of
L. pala spade.] 1. A painter's palette. 2. (a) Wooden
implement with which potters, crucible makers, etc.,
form and round their works, ib) A potter's wheel.
9. InstroBient for gilding. 4. {a\ Click or pawl for
driving a ratchet wheel. \b) One of the disks in a chain
Kmp. 6. One of the levers connected with the pendu-
n of a clock, or balance of a watch,
which receive the impulse of the scape- /'/''^"^-'"^sSP
wheel, or balance wheel. ' ^
FalOl-ata (-IT-it), r. /. 1. Oris., to
cover with a mantle (pallium) ; to hide.
2. To conceal the enormity of, by ex-
eoses and apologies ; to extenuate. 3.
To reduce in violence ; to mitigate ; to
ease without curing. — Palll-A'ttOll, n.
-PalOU-ttTV (XtTv), n. & ».
ijyn. — Paluats ; Extknuatk ;
Cloak.; cover; hide; conceal. — We
Pallet (A>.
Anchor Et»cape-
WooA iii ^e'r'to cOTC^'completeiyT ™«n^'/'P P»>'et«
We extenuate a crime when we endeavor to show that it is
lew than has been supposed ; we palliate a crime when we
endeavor to cover or conceal its enormity. This leads us
to soften some of its features, and thus palliate ap-
proaches extenuate till they have become nearly identicu.
Pallid (-ITd), a. [L. pallidus, fr. pallere to pale.]
Pale ; wan. -PaUldl-ty (-ITdT-tj^), PalOld-lMM, n.
PaU'-audl'(pn'mnO,n. [OF.paleiiuia,It;|Ma(Mia-
glio; palla a nul -f maalio hammor, fr. K matleut.}
Old game of driving a ball through a hoop with a mallet.
Pallor (pillSr), n. [L.] Paleness; palUdity.
Palm (pttm), n. [OE. & F. paume^ L. po/mo.]
1. Inner part of the hand between fingers and wrist.
2. A lineal measure equal either to the breadth of the
hand or to its length from wrist to ends of the fingers; a
hand ; — used in measuring a horse's height. 3. Plate to
protect the palm of the lumd in pushing a needle through
canvas. 4. Flat part of a deers antler, resembling the
palm of the hand with protruding fingers. 6. Fli^ mner
face of an anchor fluke. » v. /. L To conceal in the palm
of the hand ; to Jtiggle. 2. To impose by fraud.
Palm, n. [AS. ; L. paltna ; — the leaf resembling a
hand.] 1. An endogenous j.>erennial woody plant, o^n
of majestic sixe, and of about 1000 known species, nearly
all tropical or semi-tropicaL 2. A branch of the palm,
anciently borne as a symbol of victory or rejoicing. 3. Vic>
tory; triumph; supremacy. [palms.!
Pal-ma'OMllS (pU-mi'shtU), a. Like, or pert to,
II Pal'ma Ollllall (p«'m& kris'ti). pL, palm of
Christ.] The castor-oU plant.
Palfmar GnaSr), a. [L. palmarity f r. palma palm of
'l,*'" ^^ '
the hand.'
Pert, to, or corres]
. with| the palm
of the hand. 2. Pert, to the under side of birds' wings.
Pal'ma-ry (-mi-rj^), a. Palmar. [preeminent I
Pal'ma-IF, a. \\j. palmariu».'\ Worthy of the palm ; I
Pal'mata, |a. [L pa/nMi/iw, fr. pa/ma.] 1. Shaped
Pal'ma-tad, S like a hand with the fingeirs spread.
2. Having the anterior toesunited
by a web, as in swimming birds.
See nitut. {i) under Avw.
Palm'«r(piim'8r),n. One who
palms or cheats.
Palm'er, n. A religious pil-
grim ; esp., one wearing a palm
branch, to show that he had vis-
ited the Holy Land.
Palm'Mr-wonn' (-wfirm'X »•
A hairy caterpillar, traveling in
great numbers, and devouring
herbage.
Pftlmste Leaf.
Pal-m«t^ (pil-m«f t«), n. [Dim. of palm the tiee.]
A palm of the West Indies and Southern United States.
Pal-mlfMr-traa (-mlfSr-tU), a. [L. palmi/er; palma
-\-ferre to bear.] Bearing palms.
Pal'ml-gratfA (-mT-grSd), a. [L. palma palm of the
hand -{- gradi to walk.] Putting the whole foot upon
the ground in walking, as do some msmmals.
Pal'mi-pad (-p8d), a. [L. palmipe*, -pedi*, broad-
footed ; palma -\- pes foot] Web-footed, —a. A swim-
ming bird. [tores, or swimming birds. I
i;PAl-mtp'e-doa(-mTp'«-dSz),n.p/. [NL.] ThenaU^I
Pal'mia-try (-mTs-trf ), n. 1. A telling fortunes, or
judging character, by lines in the hand ; chiromancy.
2. A dexterous trick of the hand. — Pallnii-tar, n.
Palm' Snn'day (piim' sfinMt). Simday before Easter,
commemorating Christ's entry into Jerusalem, when the
jjj^. •....._. J- ^^^_^^.„^ r^'r- *-''Tinrhf*Fi i^. ■^^r — -r
Pail0^7 I j^ ^- Ji- 1< Bf^iiriagi abouudiiiK in, or derived
fniH. f.iiljiiji,. 3. WnrtJiy fjr thtt imlm; ftourUUng'
Pal^ ijiiJIIpK n. [F.iwF//^r.] Pilp»ifL
Pal ' pa-blfl ( iiAl'i>l-bl }, f j . [ F. : L /tftfpti hitir, h. pttU
tHur Xk* feel, htTQke.] 1, CApable of bvin^ tcmcljpd and
f elr . ii*irceTJtJlile l>y X\w Ijtpu'tU, 2- Eaftily it#rc*ptiblie^ ;
pin in ; iilivifitin ; rffMiilv ]H3r>^»*ived BTid Jelwtwi ; grnsn. ^
Pal'pable neaa. Pal pa-bU'l-tf^ *^- - Pal^a-Wy* ftdv.
Pal pA'tioa I ' niMi Ulii ) , h, [ L. palpatio. ] A tmi Phifi*
orf.'.-hii^:. [p«-btml. fl>l
Parpol)rR( p^brA), r*, [L.] The <»y<*lid. -Pal'-)
Pal'pl-lal« ( I jT-t it >, ( . i . {h,piihHtfire.^(tiitm,sAJA*
to puifAte YiolsnUy [ to Hutter. ^ Pal'pf ta'tlon, n.
•ff^ r«4a, f^ tm, MM, f4¥t, •«tt •!], vImI^ go,
inm
PALPUS
404
PANTALOON
lMFMl(piy^),ii.;i><.PAUl(^ [NL.] Atetler;
ont of tM JQlntM MOM organs attaoMd to tha mouth
ormiu of loMota. AnobnldA, enutaoMm, otc
PAll^flSff (PfkU'griv^). ». [D. palUgractf; palU
mltM (L, palaHum) -f graa/ oowat,] A eoont preeTding
m tb« domaatio oooit of a royal hooaehold io Qemiany. —
Pala'|;ni-1PlB*' (-grA-vSnO. n./.
Pmr (PAKx^), ». [OF. paraUtie, L. paralytit.1
Para]jaia,oomplataorpartiaL— v. <. Topanlyze.
PU1« (-tSr), a. 1 I8aa PALTiArJ To play falM ; to
aqulTOoata ; to Uggla ; to trifla. — nUttr-er, n.
. Paltry (-try), a, [Cf. Pror. E. paUry mbbub, LO.
paiterig raggad, palter rag.] Mean: TUa; worthlaM;
pitiful ; triifaig. — PaltllTy , adv. ^ WLtli-mdm, n,
Syn. ~ 8m CoarmprxBLa.
PaanMB (pIm'pAs), n. />/. [8p., fr. Parur. pampa,]
Yaat pUloa in tba Argentina Republic in South America.
Pni'jpw (-p8r). a. t [Cf . LQ. pampen to live luzuri-
onaly, ^oauM thick pap.1 To feed luxurfoualy ; to glut.
Paflrail«t(-fl8t),n. [Fr. PampAi/tM, a popular Latin
pMm of the 12th century.] 1. A writing ; a book. 2. A
amall book, ititched together, but not bound ; a abort aaMy .
F^mfytM-mi' (-8r0, n. A writer of pamphleto;
acribblar. ^v.i. To write pamphlets.
H Pan (pin), M. (Or. DdU'.] Ood of shepherds, hunt-
Ing, otc., raprsMntad with a man's head and trunk, a goat's
lam, horns, and tall, and playing on the shepherd's pipe.
Paa, n, [OB. & A8. patute; cf. IceL, LL., & It.
pomui.] 1. A shallow, open Tassel for setting milk for
cream, frying food, etc. 2. Cloeed vessel for boiling or
araporating. 3. rart of a flintlock which holds the
' priming. 4. The skull ; brainpan ; cranium. 6. Hard
stratum of earth below the soil.— v. t. To separate
(gold) from dirt, by washing in a pan. [T. iS.1--r. i.
1. To yield sold in the process of panning. 2. To turn
out (iwofltabfy or unprofltably) ; to result. [Slana^ U. SA
Pail'a-ce^ (pXn'Ar»e'&), n. [L., fr. Or. vat^iKtui, fr.
woMoiciiii all-healing; vof, irav, all -f oiectatfai to heal.]
A universal medicine ; relief for aflliction.
Pt-aa'da (pA-uFdi), ) ». [8p. panada, f r. L. pani*
Pft-Btde' (p4.nid0, I brMd.] Bread boQed in water
to tha consistence of pulp, and flavored.
Pan'oakt' (pSn/kikO, n. A thin cake of batter fried
in a pan or on a griddle ; eriddlecake ; flapjack.
Pan'or^-ai (pinOurt-os), n. [NL., fr. Or. rayxpcat ;
var -\- mpdus flesh. J The sweetbread, a gland beneath the
stomach, which pours its secretion (pancreatic iuic«) into
the intestines, to aid digestion.— Pia^OIV^it^ (-itak), a.
PlB'da (pin'd*), n. 8nuai Asirt'c mam-
mal, of the bear kind, having flne soft fur.
Vva-6¥Uk{-dVan)ya. Pert, to the god Pan.
PandMn
Pipe*.
P^as, a primitive wind instrument,
conalsting oi a Mries of h<41ow reeds or pipes,
graduated by the musical scale ; a syrinx ;
mouth organ : — said to have been invented
by Pan. Galled »lm>J*an** pipft and Pantnptn.
PufflMt (-<*Skt), n. [Or. iravdcrnft all-receiving, all-
oontainhig; irov 4- B^x^oBai to receive.] 1. Treatise
oomprahending the whole of any science. 2. pi. The
digest of tha decisiims of the old Rom'm jurists, made
by direction of the emperor Justinian.
Paa'd^-mo^lil-am (-d^-mS'uT-fiw), n.
[NL., fr. Or. vat + 6aiiimv demon.] 1.
Tlie council chamber of demons. 2.
Riotous place or ossemblafre.
Pui'dtr, n. [Fr. Pftndarut. a Trojin
leader, who procured for Troilus the pos-
session of Cressiin.] 1. A mole bawd;
pimp ; procurer. 2. One wlio ministers
to another's evil passions. — v. I. & i. To
plov the pander (for).
Ptn'dll-nit* (-dfi-rtt), I a. [L. pandura a lute
PlB-dUll-lOIIB (-du'rT-fflnn), t -f 'forin.'\ Obovate,
and hollow on each side ; flddle-shaped.
(plo),ii. [F.p<makirt,paitorawaU,ddktr.
L.fNm>Mi«cloth,flllet,rag.] 1. A division; distinct plaoa
oroompartmantofanyauruoa; patch; sqoaiaof aebaek-
arsd or plaidad pattom. 2. An opening fat a slashad
garment, showing silk, etc., within; piece of colored atoff
aoshown. 3. (a) Compartment of a surfaoa; onaaidaor
faoa of a building,
a window aash.
P^M;yr^(l
(6) Tha ghwi in ana oompartmant of
7T^ (pin/t-jTr'Tk), a. [Or. mrntrn^puek, fr.
.,^ . asMmbly of tha people, high faatival; w£r 4-
«yvp«c, iyopi^ asaembly.] Containing praiM or anlogy ;
laudatory.— n. A enkigy of aoma parson or achievw-
mant : formal anoomium ; laudation* — Ptlfe-fTTfle-Al,
a, — PiB'd-frrlst, n. — Pui'«-fy-rtM (-JT-rG), ». /.
Pui'tt (41), n, [Orig., a Utda piece; OF., dim. of
pan skirt, part of a wall, side.] 1. A sunken compart-
ment in a odling, wainaooting, etc 2. Schadnla con-
taining nanm of paraons summoned as jurors ; tha wiK>le
jury. 3. A board having its adgM inserted in tha groove
of a surrounding frame. 4. 81ab of wood upon iniich a
picture is painted. 6- Portion of a framed structure b^
twaan adjacent poats or struts, as in abridge tnisa. —a. /.
l^P' &p. p. Pajtblbp (-<ld) or PAmuAO ip.pr.A vb. n.
FAxauxa or Panblumo.I To form in or with panels.
Pmg (pKng), n. [Prob. for older prtm^. Cf.Pnoiio.]
Paroxysm of pisin ; sudden and transitory agony ; throe.
Syn. — Agony ; anguish ; distress. Bm Aoont.
PlB^ (plnok), n. [L. panicum.\ A grass plant ;
panic grass ; edible grain of some species of panic grasa.
PibIc o. [Or. a-ovuc^f pert, to Uia^ Pan, who was
held to cause sudden frigi^t.] Extreme or sndden and
causeless; tmreasonable ; — said of fear or fright. •»n.
1. Sudden, overpowering, and groundlcM f ri^t ; terror
ini4)ired by miMpprehansion of danger. 2. wida^xread
apprehensi<m concerning financial i^airs.
Plll1-<fl« (-T*k'l), n. [L. panieula a tnf. on plants,
dim. of panu4 thread wound upon the
bobbin in a shuttle.] A pyramidal form
of inflorescence, in which the cluster is
loosely branched below and gradually
simpler toward the end.
PMi'*lier(pin'y8r or -nT.a-),n, [F.
panier^ fr. L. panarium bread basket,
IT. panis bread.] 1. A bread basket ;
wicker basket (used commonly in pairs)
for carrying fruit, etc., on a horw or an
ass. 2. A framework wotu by women
to expand their dresses ; a kind of bustle.
PUl'O-PlT (-^plj^), n. [Or. rayovAta;
owKotf tool, m pL, armor, armc.] Defensive
suit of srmor.
Put'O-imlBA (-rii'm*}, a. [NL., fr. Or. a-av + oAm^m
view, fr. opay to see.] 1. A complete view in every direc-
tion. 2. Picture of objects seen in every direction, as
from a central point. 3. Picture remesenting aoenaa
too extended to be beheld at once, and exhibited a part
at a time, by being unrolled before the spectator. — Pia'-
O-XVmlo (-riroTk), Pjui'0-X«BI1c-«1, a.
PiB'gy (pin'z{), fi. [F. peiuie thought, panay, fr.
pm<<>r to think, L.poware to weigh, ponder.] A plant
of the violet kind and its blossom ; heart's esse,
Pant (pint), V. i, [F. panteler to gMp for breath.]
1. To breathe quickly ; to gasp. 2. To desiic Mmestly.
3. To beat violently ; to palpitate, or throb ; — said of the
heart, -i* r. /. To gasp out. -i* n. 1. Quick breathing ;
gOAp. 2. Violent palpitation of the heart.
P^n'U-Kraph (pKn'tA-grAf), n. Pantograph.
Fan'U-let' (-Wf), n. [Dim. of pantaloon.} One leg
of tlie loose drawent worn by children and women.
Paa'U-lOOn' (-)S5n')« n. [F. pantalon, fr. It. panto-
lone, a character in Italian comedy, who wore laeechM
and ttockings all of one piece, fr. Pantaleane, patron
saint of Venice, fr. Or. IlayraArfW, lit., all lion, a Oreek
personal name.] 1. A dotard in Italian cooMdy ; buffoon
aU-f
fnU
i, 9, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, A, t> ahort ; aanftta, 6v€^t, Idea, 6bey, <knita, o4ra, Itrm, Aak, 1^ final.
PANTHEISM
405
PARADE
IB {MntomimM. %. pi. A iium*B garment, conaifting of
breeches aad ttocking* in one. 3. pt. Trouaera.
Paa'tlie-lsill (pin'tht-Tz*m), n. [Pan- + theism.)
Doctrine that the universe, as a whole, l« Ood. — Pail^
PlB-tke'OB (pSn-thS'On or pin'thMu), n.^Or. wiy-
#«»or (aa Mpdr) ; wit all 4- Mov god.] 1. A temple
dedicated to all the gods ; building so called at Rome.
2. CoUec^Te goda of a people ; treatise upon them.
PaatlMr (-thir), ». rOr. irav^p.] 1. Large dark-
oolored variety of leopard, marked with ringiike apota.
2. In America, the puma, cougar, or jaguar.
PaiHIle' (-tno, n. Curved roofing tile.
PtB-Wfto (-tdS^f n), M. {T. pantoujU.} A slipper.
PjUI'lO-fnipll (-t«-gr*f ), »• IPtmto- -^ -ffraph.} In-
strument for copying i^ana, mapa, etc., on tlie aauie, or
oo a reduced o/ an enlarged, acale. -> Pia'tO-gnilllllo
(-ffrlfTk), Pufto-gnvhlo-al, a.
PUhtOK'ni-Fliy (-tVr*-'y). n, [F. pmUographie.^
A general deacrip^n ; entire view of an object.
PaatO-mllM (-t^mim), II. [F. : h.paniomim»*,Qr.
vamifUMO«, lit., all-imitating ; irac, irarre(,ali ■}■ fiuitla^ai
to mimic] 1. One who acta without aoeakiug. 2. Drv
matio representation by dumb ahow. 3. Spectacular en-
tertainment, employing dumb acting aa well aa burleaque
dialogue, muaic, and (undng by Clown, Harlequin, etc.
— a. Repreaenting only in mute actlona. — Pan'tO-mlm'-
the butterfly. 2. (a) Havfaig a winged corolla aomewhat
reaembling a butterfly, aa in Uoaaoma of the bean and pea.
(6) Belonging to the suborder of legumhiona planta, in-
cluding the bean, pea, vetch, clover, and locoai.
Pft-BinA(p4.pm*),n. [L., nipple, pimple.] Mhrats
nipplelike projection, aa on the torafue.
Kip11-U-r7(pKpnri-tt.rj^),Piq^.lOM'(-lBa'),a. Pert,
to, or like, a papilla ; bearing, or covered with, pai»ll».
Pap11-lOt0(-15t),n. CF.,fr.ji<ip</tofi a butterfly.] A
woman's curl paper.
Pa'jplst(pi^plat),n. [TF.papiste. BeePoPB.] A Ro-
man Catholic;— an offensive deaignation. — Pa-ptetIO
(pA^pTa'tTk). Pa-ptotlO-fl, a.
Pt-POOM' (p*^p6oa0t Pap-pOOM' (pip^pS&aOt n. A
tbe or young cliild of Indian parentage m North America.
Pap-POM' (pftp-pOe' or pSp'pOa'), a. Fumlahed with
lo (-mTmntk), Pan^to-nim^o-al, a.
Paatnr (-try;, ». [f.
baker, l^pamU orMMl. J i
vaneterie^ fr. LL. panetaritu
, _ . . Closet for keeping proviaiona.
Pap (pipK »• [Cf. OSir. papp.} A nipple ; teat.
Pan, %, [Perfaapa fr. h. papa, pappa^ a word with
which infanta call for food.] 1. Bolt food for hifants.
2. Support from ofBoial patronage. [CoUoq.}
Pa-P*' (P*-P^' or pt/pX), n. [F. & L. ; Or. wdwat,
for father.
a' (pA^pii' or
:.] AchUd*ai
Pa'pa-cy (pi'pi-sjh, n. [LL. papntia^ fr. L. pnpn a
father, biabop.1 1. Office and dignity of the pope ; papal
jnrisdiction. 2. Thepopea, collectively. 3. The Roman
apappua; downy.
Pap'pllS (pftf/ptta), n. [L., old man, grandfathar;
hence, a aubrtanoe reaembling
grayhaira.] Hairy appendage vm^g * />
of the f roTt of thiaOea, dan- ^^M^j£ ^ W i(
deliooa, etc ; acalea, awna.
briatlea representing the oal;
in other similar planta. n'^^ L^
Pa-py'nia (pA-pI'rtta), n.; M •
pi. PAPTRI ^ri). [L, fr. Or.
irarvpo?.] 1. A tall ruahUke _ ,, ,^. _
EgypSn'nlant. «• lUterial ^'^^i^^^^gl^ ^
upon which ancient Egyptiana ",^^6 iKSbnSsSSS
wrote, formed of alicea of the Poppus of Chmmettt: c
stem of the plant. 3. A man- CspJ llary fspptu o' ^^"*
uacript written on papyrua. Jffejjf -^'"^* ^^^"^
Par (p«r), prep. TF.,fr.L. «'^"''^-
per.^ By; with;— uaed in Eariy Engliah In phraass
from French, aometimea written aa a part of the word
which it govema ; aa, pmr amour, or paramour.
Par, n. [L., equal.] 1. Equal value; eouality of
nominal and actual value 2. Equality of conaition.
Catholic religion ; — uaed opprobriousfy.
Pft/pal (-pal), a. [F. , f r. L papa,^ Pert, to the pope
of Rome, or to the Roman Catholic Church.
nPa-pa^Var (pi-pfvSr), n. [L.] a genus of plants,
includhig the poppy. — Pa-pa^tr-ooa (-pIv'Sr-fis), a.
Pa-paW (p4-pA0« >». jNaUve West India name.]
[Written also pairpaw.] £. A tropical American tree,
and ita melon-abaped fruit, eaten both raw and cooked or
pickled. 2. A tree of the weatem and aouthem United
Btatea, and its edible fruit.
Palpar (pVpir), n. [F. papier^ fr. L. papyrtu papy-
roa.] 1. A aubatanoe in aheets to be written or printed
on, uaed in wrappii^, etc. 2. A leaf or piece of auch
At par, at the original price. — Above par, at a premium.
— Below par, at a discount. — On a par. on - ' — ' - '- '^'^-
same condition, circumatancea, rank, etc.
.ona level; in the
A printed or written inatruroent; docu-
ment ; writing. 4. A printed abeet appearing periodic-
ally ; newspaper ; joomaL 5. Negotiable evidencea of in-
debtednesa ; notes ; bills of exchange, etc 6. Coverings
for walls, made of paper. 7. A parcel containing pins,
tacka, opium, etc , incfoaed in paper, -i- a. Like, pert, to,
or made of, paper ; exiating only on paper ; unsubsUntUd.
tacka, opium, etc , incfoaed in paper, -i- a. Like, pert, to,
'e of, paper ; exiating only on paper
— r. /. 1. To cover with paper. 2. To inclose in paper.
Tapsr hacslBga, paper printed with colored figitrea, to be
pasted Agaiuat the walls of apartments, etc. — Paper saa-
tflas, the argonaut, a oephalopod swim-
ming under the surface by a jet of wnter.
i'Pa'ptor-na'oIrf'(p4'pyt'mit'8ht'). ^^ \j{»t/ ^^
|Mper pulp, mixed with
size or glue, and molded.
nPa-^fl'Hi (p4.pTia-«
or -y^), n. [L., butterfly].
A itenus of iMttterflies.
Pa-paia-aa'oeoaa (-y6-
ni^shas^a. 1. Resembling
n PspilionncooiM Flower «
b Petals of tsine. separated.
Par'a-bla(pir'A^b*l),n. IF. paraboU.h. parabola, it.
Or. vopo^oA^ a |>lacing beside, a comparing, parable, fr.
irupa beaide f /SoAAetr to throw.] A oompMrison ; moral
fable or allegorical narrative of something real.
Syn. — See Allmobt, and Note under AroLOOVB.
Pa-falKO-U (p4.ritt>^-U), ». FNL., fr. Or. wepe^oAi^ ;
— its axis being parallel to the side of the cone.] A kind
of curve ; one of the conic sections formed by the inter-
section of the surface of a cone with a plane parallel to
one of ita aides. [tude; comparison. I
nPa-ralKO-le(-re),n. [L., fr. Or. vapa^oAi] 8imili-|
Par^a-bOino (pXr'A^bSimi), ) a. [Or. wttpafiokuc6i flg-
Par^a-lMllo-al (-T-kol), f urative. See Pababls.]
1. or the nature of a parable ; allegorical. 2. (a) Like a
paraboU. (b) Generated by revolution of a paraboU.
Pa-nOKo-lOld (p4-rin>^loid), n. [ParaboU -f -oM.]
Solid generated by rotation of a parabola about its axis.
Par'a-Ohute (-shut), «. [F., fr. parer to ward off 4-
chitte (M.l 1. An umbrellalike contrivance for descend-
ing from a height. 2. A web between the legs of certain
mammals, aa the flying squirrela.
Par'a-Olate (-kISt), n. [Or. wap^kftrof, fr. srapaxoAfU'
to call to one, encourage ; a-opa beside -f xoActi' to call.]
An advocate : the Comforter, Intercessor, Holy Spirit.
Pa-rade' (p4-rid0* n, [F., fr. Sp. parada a halt, an
assembling for exercise, place where troops exercise, fr.
parar to rtop, to prepare.] 1. Oround where troops are
drilled. 2. An assembly of troops for inroeetion or
evolutions. 3. Pompous show; formal dispUy. 4. A
show ; spectacle ; imposing prooesaion. 6. A public walk ;
promenade. — r. /. & i. To exhibit ostentatiously; to
show off.
8yn. — Paraob : Ostbntattok ; display ; show. —
fftm, rsoont, 6rb, r^de, hfXif lUn, fdbd, tiTot, out, oil, diair, bo, sine ^Hk, then, Uitai.
PAttADlGM
406
PARCEL
Parade It a pompoui exhiUtkm of things for dimlay ;
otteniatian Indicatas » parade of Tirtuea or other qtuilitlea
for which one ezpecta to bo honorod.
I (pSr'i-dTin), n. [L. paradigma^ fr. Or.
mpaScfyfM, fr. vapaScuryvMu to aet up as an example ;
wmpa bende + Xcucrvw to show.] 1. An example of a
oonjogation or declwision, showing a word in all its forms
of inflection. %, A rhetorical illustration, ss by a parable.
I (-di8)» n, [OE. & P. paradis, L. paradi-
MU, fr. Or. waaiMufOi parte, paradise.] 1. Hie garden
of Kden. %, Abode of sanot£fled sools after death. 3.
Place of bliss ; state of hampiness.
Pafa-dOS (-d5ks), n. TOr. vopdEJofw ; iropa beside,
oootrary to + dwcctr to think, imagine.] A proposition
seemingly absurd, but which may be true in fact. — Par'-
a-dosio4d, a. — Par'a-dozlo-al-lj, adv.
Pafaf-flii (-«f-nn), Par'af.flM (-Hn or .f«n),fi. [f.
paraMne, tt, L. parum too little + <^nii akin ; — from
its chemical inactivity.] A white waxy substMice, ob-
tained from coal tar, wood tar, petroleum, etc., by dis-
tillation, snd used as an illuminant and lubricant.
HPiT'a-fO'f* (pir'i.gyj*), n. [Or. wapay^, fr.
vop^yttr to protract ; iropa beside -f- ayciy to lead.] Ad-
dition of a letter or syllable to the end of a word, ss
foUhouten for without, — Par^a-gOgflo (-g9j1k K a.
Pai'ft-KOII (-gOn), n. [OF. ; prob. fr. Or. vapajcoi^ai'
to rub sgainst ; vopa + Juconf whetstone.] 1. A uiudel ;
pattern of perfection. 2. A large sise of type.
Pafft-gnpllC-grif),!!. lQT.w<iip6ypaj^iBC,ypati4iili)
line drawn in the margin, fr. vopa -f- -ypo^tv to write.]
1. Orig., a marginal note, to call attention to a change of
subject in the text; now, the character IF, commonly used
in the text as a reference marii to a footoote, or to in-
dicate a dirision into sections. 2. A distinct part of a
discourse. 3. A brief composition complete in one typo-
gn^>hioal section ; an item, remark, etc, comprised in a
few Unas. -^v.t. 1. To divide into parsgraphs ; to mark
with the character f . 8. To express in one paragraph.
3. To mention in a paragraph. — Par'a-gnilllllo (-grif-
Tk), Par«-gra#h1&^ a.
Far^-las (-ol-UQu), n. [Or. irap^JJia(ii altemstion,
mutual inclination of two lines forming an angle, fr.
irttpaAAtt<rffti» to go sside, deviate ; vopi -f iAAaoxrciv to
change.] 1. Apparent duq>lacement of an object, as seen
from two difr«rent points of view. 2. Apparent differ-
Mioe in position of a body (as the sun, or a star) as seen
from scmie point on the earth *s surface, and as seen from
■ome other conventional point, as the earth*s center or
the son. — Paral-lMKtlo, Par'al-Uotlo^a, a.
Par'al-M (-Un), a. [Or. vopoAAifAov ; wapa + oAAi^AMr
of one another, fr. oAAov other.] 1. Extended iu the
same direction, and in all paxts —^i^^i—
equally distant 2. Having the mm^a^i^mmm
same direction or tendency ; run- Parsllel Line*.
nlng side by side; accordant. 3. Applicable in all essen-
tial parts; like; similar. ~n. 1. A line eonidistant at
every point from uiother line. 2. Conformity ; simiUur-
ity. 3. A comparison; elaborate tracing of similarity.
4. A counterpart. 6. Imaginary circle on the earth *s
surface, parallel to the equator, marking the latitude.
6. Trench to cover troops supporting attacking batteries.
7. A typographical character (D) noting a reference.— r. t.
1. To set so as to be parallel : to conform with. 2. To
correspond to. [blanoe ; correspondence. I
Par^-Ml-ISIII, n. 1. A being parallel. 2. Resem-I
Paral4«l'0-Knm (-ISl'^-grSm), n. [Or. iropoAAifA^
YlpafiMor;iraf>^UAi}Aoc parallel -f-YpiC^ffu' / 7
to write.] A right-lined quadrilateral / /
figure, whose opposite sides are parallel, / /
and consequently equal. / /
«l-UI'0-plV*aS«l(-pTp^8n),n. [Or. P*«lW«wr.m.
»«paAAi}A«ir(ire&)y body with parallel surfaces ; irap<iA-
Ai|Xof -f ^ivfffar plane surface, iitCirttof on the ground.
flat : ^t on + v«5or ground.] A solid ^
six parallelograras, the opposite pain being
parallel, and equal ; a prism whose base is
a parallelogram.
Pa-nl'o-gtem (pi-riQ'ft-jlihn), Pa-nl'-
0-C7 i-^), n. [Or. witpaXoyiaitAi, fr. war ParsUelopiprd.
paAoyiVco«(u to reason lalsrly ; wapi beside -f Aoyt^Wo^M
to reason, k6yot discourse.] False reasoning.
Pa-nlT-Ml (-T-sTs), n. [Or. vsp^votc, fr. wapmXvtm
to disable at the side ; vopdi -f Avcur to looseo.] Palsy;
loas of voluntary motion in any part of the body. — PV-
a-mio (pir'A-ITtik), a. A n, -Par'a-mi^al, «.
Par'a4vM (pKr^A^nx), v. t 1. To aft»cC with panl-
ysU or palsy. 2. To unnerve ; to reader ineffective.
Par'a-BODBt (-mount), a. [OF. par amont above ;
far through, by (L. per) -|- amont above. See AwKnrr.]
nperior to all others ; chief. — n. The highest or chief.
Syn.- Superior; principal; praenunent; chief.
Par'ft-moar (-mSdr), n, [F. par amour, lit., by love.
See AiiovR.1 A lover; wooer or mistress; one taking
the phu», without the rights, of a husband or wife.
Pax'a-pet (-p«t), a. [F., fr. it. parapetto, fr. parara
to ward off (L. pttrare to prepare) -^ petto breast, L.
pectits.} 1. A low wall, to protect the edge of a plat-
form, roof, bridge, etc. 2. Rampart ; breastwork.
Para-^har-aall-a (-fSr-niii-i or -nii'yi; 26), ». ji^.
[LL. paraphernalia bona, fr. L. paraphema prmrty of
a married woman. Or. vopa^cpra; wapd -{- ^ptnf bride's
dowry, f r. ^^cy to bring.] 1. Somethlxtg reetrved to a
wife, above her dower. 2. Appendages ; equipmeota.
Pafa-phnM (-frSs), n. (Or. irefM^pofftc, fr. mm-
^fiaCtuf to say the same thing in other words; wmpei-j-
^^ to spMk.] A restatement of a text or passaga,
expressing the meaning in another form ; free trandauon
or rendering.^ V. /. A i. To translate wtth latitude;
to expUin in other language. — Par'a-plBaii'llo {-irtif'
II Para-Ato^gl« (•plS'jT^), ) n. [Or. rap«urAW«, fr.
Ita'Ji.pB^fy(-pI«'jy), } irep. -j- nXiaiui to
strike.] Palsy of the lower half of the body on both aidaa.
Par a-tiMt^ (-k»f ), \ ^ p.„^^
Para-q«iao(-k8't«>,|"- P»n»««e*-
Para-aa-la'iie (•sMS'nt), n. [NL., fr. Or. wmpm. +
atXi^mi moon.] A mock moon ; image of the moon eoan
at the intersection of two lunar halos. See Pauhlmw.
PaTa-fllte (-sit), n. [Or. irap«<riToc, lit., eating beidde,
or at the table of, another ; vapdl -H etr«tr to feed, fr.
axTOt wheat, food.] 1. One who Uvea at another*8 ex-
pense; a hanger-on; toady; ^oophant. 2. (a) A plant
obtaining nourishment from other Plants to which it
att3M!hes itself. (6) Plant or fungus livinff on or within
an animal, and supported at its expense. 3. (a) An ani-
mal liring on or in the bodv of another, feeding upon Ha
food, blood, or tissues, as uce, tapeworms, etc (d) Ani-
msl which steals the food of another, (r) Animal whieh
habitually uses the nest of another, aa the European
cuckoo. -Para-altio (-sltik), Para-fltt1o4d, a,
Para-aol' (-^0, n. [F., Sp., or Pg. ; It. parasole;
parare to ward off {JL,parare to prepare) -f- sole son (L.
«oO'] A woman^s small umbrella ; aundiade.
ParlMltl' (pXr^Mil'), V. t. [OF. oarfrottiUtr to cook
weU ; par through -f- bouilUr to boil, L. huUire.
sense has * ' " - • — - - • •-
The
been influenced by E. part.'] To \mM partially.
Par'Inio'Kle (-bOkOc*!), n. A double sling made of a
rope, for slinging a cask, gun, etc>»r. t. To hoist or
lower by a parbuckle.
Parcel (vHt'M or -stfl), n. [F. parcdle a small part,
f r. L. par«. J 1. In law, a part ; poirtlon ; piece. 2. Aa
indefinite number, measure, or quantitv ; collection. 3. A
quantity of things put up tognher ; bundle ; packet. ^
V. t. [imp. &p. p. Pahcblbd (-s81d or -seld) or Pam-
CBLLBD ; p.pr. & vb. n. Pabckldso or Pakcsluho.] 1. To
distribute by parts or portions. 2. To make up into a
parcel, ^a. & ndv. Part or half ; partially.
ft, 8, 1, 8, 0, kNif ; ft, «, 1, 5, «, t, abort ; asnftte, «v«it, tdaa, 6bey, fkaite, o4ra, Km, Ask, un, flmal.
PARCENARY
407
PAROXYSM
lieritebia etUta which descends
; coheirship.
The holding an in-
whlch descends from the Ancestor to
Pai'oe-IMft n, [OF. parfonnier^ fr. pardon part,
portioD, fr. L. partUio a division.] A coheir.
Piral(pKroh), 9. /. A <. [OF. percAter, percfer. See
l] 1. To scorch ; to roast over the fire, as dry
%. To shrivel with heat.
; fi. [OB. & F. parcheminy L. pergamena^
fr. Pergamemu pert, to Pergamu$ a city of Asia Minor.]
1 of a sheep, goat, etc., prepared for writing on.
Skinc
(pKrd).ii , .
- (p«r'd*n), n.
[L. portliUy Or. irap3o(.] A leopard.
[F., ir. ptirtitmner to pardon,
Ui. perdonare ; L. »? r throach, thorouglU^, perfectly -j-
donart to give.] 1. A nardoning; forgiveness of au
offender or offense. %. Warrant of remission of penalty.
9. State of being forgiven.
Syn. — Forgimess ; remission. See FoBonrsims.
•-•V. /. 1. To absolve from the consequences of a fault
or punishment o^ crime ; to free from penalty. 2. To
forgive. — PAT^don-cr, ».
Syn. — To forgive; remit; acquit. See Excusb.
Admitting of pardon ; venial ; ex>
cuaable. — PaxMon-ft-Uy, adv.
Pan (pftr), r. /. [F. parfr to pare (a horse^s hoofs),
to drem (leather), to parry, ward off, fr. L. parare to
prepare.] 1. To shave off the superfloisd extremities of
(an apple, a horse's hoof, etc.). 2. To remove ; to sepa-
rate (tlie skin or outdde part, from anytliing).
Par^-gOrlO (pir^J-gBrlk), a. [Or. iropin«put^, fr.
wo^^yopoc encouraging ; va(iaL beside -}- ayopa an assem-
bly.] MitigaUng ; soothing pain. — n. Medichie mitigat-
inir pain ; anodyne ; camphorated tincture of opium.
nfant (ptr'ent or pir'ffnt), n. [L. parens^ -rentU ;
akin to parere to bring forth.] 1. One who begets, or
bringa forth, offspring ; father or mi^er. 2. Cause ;
soaree; author. [tors; extraction; birth. I
FnfMlt-AfPt (-tj)t n. Descent from parents or anoes- 1
Pft'fWI^tia (p4-ren'tal), a. 1. Pert, to a parent or par-
ents. 2. Tender ; affectionate. — Pa-TMI'Ul-ly, atir.
Pa rCT*fkl> ■!■ (pi-ren'tht-sTs), n. ; pi. Parknthbsbs
(-•is). [Or. V9pM«<rvs ; wapd beside -f w i" -f* rttfcVo*
to put.1 I. A word, phrase, or sentence, inserted, by way
of explanation, in a sentence grammatically complete
without it. 2. One of the curvedf lines ( ) inclosing a par-
entiietk word or phrase. — Par'ail-tlMtlo (pSr^fo-tbet'-
Tk), Par'«ii4h0t'iiMa, a, -Par'ra-tlMtio-al-ly, adv.
H Par'a-ala (pir'l-sTs), n. [Or. ndptirii ; vapd from +
Uroi to send.] Incomplete paralysU, affecting motion
bat not sensaHta.
PWftt (pttr'jBt), V. t. & i. [OE. pttrgeien, gpargeten ;
ot uncertain origin.] To coat with p'irget ; to plaster. —
n, 1. Ovpsum or plaster stone. 2. Plaster for lining
ibm interuw of flues, for stuccowork, etc.
Par-lMllOII (-hS'vttn or -hSHT-Sn), n. [Or. irapijAiov,
wmp^iXtot ; napa. beside + v^tof amx.'} A mock sun appear-
ing aa a bright light, sometimes near the sun, and some-
tinea opposite to the sun. Bee PAKASKLsm.
PfM^dl (pJi^rT-4), n. [Tamil paraiyan.'] 1. One of
an aboriginal people of Southern India, despised by the
four cartes of Hindoos. 2. A social outcast.
Pa'M-ail (pi'rTan), a. Pert, to Pares, an ishmd in
the JEgean Sea. furnishing excellent statuary marble, -i-
». 1. An Inhabitant of Pares. 2. Ceramic ware, resem-
bling unglased porcelain biscuit.
Pa-fl'a-tal (^rit-tal), a. [L. parietalisj fr. paHes,
•ri^ity a wall. J 1. Pert, to a wall, also to buildlnirs or
the care of them. 2. Resident in a college. 3. {n) Pert,
to the parietes. (b) Pert, to, or in the region of, the pa-
rirtal bones, at the upper and middle part of the cranium.
HPa-ll'a-tM(-tSs),n.pf. 1. Walls of a bodily cavity
or organ. 2. Sides of an ovary or capsule.
Pwing (ptr^ng), n. 1. A cutting off the surface or
aztremitiea of anything. 2. That which is pared off.
Parl-plll'Bat6(pSr/T-pTn'ntt),a. [Pftri- -f ptaMlf .]
Pinnate with an equal number of leaflets on each aide.
Paxiah (pSr^sh), n. [F. paroiste^ L. paroekiOj Or.
iropoucto, fr. ««ipouto9 dwelling beside ; vauki beside -f-
oLcot house, dwelling.1 1. A district in charge of one
parson or minister having cure of souls therein. 2. An
ecclesiastical society, composed of persons under the
chMTge of a particular priest or minister; tenritcnry in
which the members of a congregation live. iU. 8,] 3.
In Louisiana, a civil division corresponding to a coimiy in
other States. » a. Pertaining to a parish ; parochial.
Pa-riahilNI-er (p4-rTsh'fin-Sr), n. One who belODgi
to, or is connected with, a parish.
Par'tayl.UMo(p«r'T.sfl4Kbak).)a. [/>«ri. + jyl.
PaMrayl-laMlMa (-T-kal), / iabie, -icol.]
Having the same number of syllables in aU its inflections.
Paxa-tTf ^ [L. parUa*, fr. par, pans, equal.] The
behig equal or equivalent ; correspondence ; analogy.
Piurk (pftrk), n. [AS. pearroc, ot F. pare; a. LL.
parcuiy Ir. & OaeL paire.A 1. Tract of ground kept for
preservation of game, ^n^king, riding, etc.. or for orna-
ment and recreation. 2. A space occupied by an army's
animals, wagons, and materiaJs; also, the objects them-
selves. ^1'. t. To inclose In a park.
ParOanoe (pttrHans), n. [OF. See Paelbt.] Con-
versation; diction; phnse.
Parl0y (-19), n. [F. parier talk, f r. L. parabola para*
ble.] Mutual discourse ; oral conference with an enemy.
— r. t. To discuss orally ; to confer with an enemy.
Pai^Ua-mant (-IT-ment), n. [OE. & F. parlemeni;
LL. parlamenium.} 1. A parleying ; formal conference
on public affairs ; general council. 2. The legislative as-
sembly of Oreat Britain and some other oountries.
Parlla-man-ta'Hran (-mSn-tS'rT-an), a. Pert, to
Parliament.— n. 1. An Englishman who adhered to
the Parliament, in opposition to King (Hiarles L 2. One
versed in parliamentary usages.
Pania-BMn^-ry (-m»n^t4-ry), a. 1. Pert, to Par-
liament. 2. Enacted bv Parliament. 3. According to
the rules and usages of deliberative bodies.
Paiaor (piirner). n. [F. parloir. See Paxlbt.]
[Written also parlour.^ A room for conversation,
reception of guests, etc. ; a drawing-room.
Pa-ro'olll-al (p4.r50cT-ol), o. [LL. parocAfafit. Bee
Parish.] Pert, to ajparish ; limited : narrow.
Pai'O-dy (pfti^-dy), n. [Or. vap^aia ; vapi beside 4-
ift^ 8ong. J A writing mimicking the language or senti«
ment of an author ; travesty, —v. /. To vtrrite a parody
upon ; to burlesque. — Pax'O-dlat, n.
Pai'O-kat' (-ket/), n. Paroquet ; parrakeet.
Pa-rol' (p4-r51Q, n. [Same word as Pabolc] Oral
declaration ; word of mouth. •» a. Given by word of
mouth ; oral ; given by a writing not under seal.
Pa-TOla' (pA-rSlO, n. [F. See Pablbt.] 1. Word
of promise ; promise, upon one's honor, to fulfill stated
conditions. 2. A watchword given only to ofBoers of
guards. 3. Oral declaration. -i- a. Parol. •*«./. To set
at liberty on parole.
It Pai^o-no-ma'ai-a (pSr'ft-nt-mi'zhT-i), n. [Or. wo-
fiovofiaaioL, f r. ropdl -f- oi'oimi name.] Play upon words ;
punning. — Pai^O-nO-maa'tlO (-mis'tTk), -tkHd, a.
Pai^O-nyin (pftr'ft-nTm), n. A paronymous word.
Pa-ron^-moiia (p4-r8n^-mfis), a. [Or. wapmnfiMt ;
wapd + oKOfio.] 1. Having the same derivation ; — as
man, mankitid, manhood, etc. 2. Of like sound, but dif-
ferent orthography and meaning ; — as hair and hare, etc.
Pa-ron'y-my (-m^), ». The being paronymous ; use
of paronymous words. [rakeet. I
Par'O-quet' (pSr^-kSf ), n. {V. perroquet.'\ Apar-|
Pa-rotid (pi-rSt^H ), a. [Or. wopunit, -rt&K ; wapd +
ojk, M«, ear.] (a) Near the ear. (6) Pert, to, or near,
the parotid gland. ~ n. The parotid gland, one of the
salivary glands situated Just in front of or below the ear.
Par'OE-yam (pSr^ks-Ts'm), n. [Or. vopo^voM^, fr.
ffm, reoont, 6rb^ r^da, fyll, lUn, food, fdbt, out, oil, oliair, so* sins, l^k, ttien, tl|iit
PAROXYSMAL
408
PARTITION
wmpi, 4- hthtw 'to aharpen, fr. o^vt •luup.l 1. Fit or
ez»O0riMtioo of a nmittiiig diieaae. 2. Sudden and
Yloleot emotion. — PaTOS-ys'llMl (pir'Slu-Ts'mal), a.
Par-OS^-toaa (pftr-BkVT-tSu), n. [Or. iropofvTOMv, a.
See Paka-, and Oxttokb.! A Greek word having au
acute accent on the penultimate ayllable.
Par-QMf (pKr-kT or -kBtOt ». [F. SeePABOtrvntT.]
1. A body of aeats on the floor of a tlieat«r nearest the
orcheetra; lower floor of a theatre; pit. 8. Parquetry.
Fax'qmik'tf (pilf'WJt-iy), ». [F. parqueterie, fr. par-
quet Inlaid flooring, f r. parquet, dim. of pare an incloaure.
See Pabx.] Joinery oonaiating of au inlay of patterns.
Par-qoettO' (-MtO» ». Parquet.
P«r^-kMt'(pSr'ri-kStO,Par'a-1ntl',i». [SeePAio-
Qinrr.l A small parrot having a graduatod tail, fre-
quently very kmgi — called also paro^M^I and paraqtiet.
Parn-OlM (-n-ald), n. [F., fr. L. parrieida; pater
father + eaedere to kill.] 1. One who murders one's
own father ; oue who muraers any ancestor. 2. [L. p^ir-
rieidium.] MuTdef of one*s father or any ancestor. —
FiuM-ofial, a.
Par'rot (-mt), n. [Proh. fr. F. Pierrot, dim. of Pierre
Peter.] A tropleal climbing bird, akin to parrakeets
and macaws. Many species, as cage birds, learn to
repeat words.
rtr^ (-1^), V. t, & i, [T.parS, p. p. of parer. See
PaeiJ To ward off ; to avoid ; to evade, -i- n. A ward-
ing off of a thrust or attack.
Pane (pttrs), v. t. [L. pars part.] To resolve (a sen-
tence) Into its elements ; to analyse grammatically.
Pax'Me (par'sS or pKr-OO, «• [Hind. & Per. pHrsl.}
1. An adherent of the Zoroastrian or ancient Peruan re-
ligion ; fire worshiper ; Qheber. 8. The Iranian dialect of
Parsee religious literature. — Par'Mt-lm, n.
Par'fi-mo'kll-OUi (-eT-mynT-Os), a. Exhibiting par-
simony ; frugal to excess. — Parsl-0M/li-4NUI-ly, adv. —
Parn-iiio'iil-4Nui-B0«, n,
8 jn. — Covetous ; mean ; stingy. Bee ATABiciomu
Par'fi-IIIO-ny (-mft-n^), n. [L. pnrsimonin ; cf. par-
cere to spare.] Cloeeness in expenditure of money.
Sjn.— niiberality; cloeeness; sUnginess. See Economy.
Paraler (pan»ny), ». [OE. Jt ¥.per*il; Gr. wrrpo-
WAtyor ; ndr fiOi etone -f- crAiyor parsley.] An aromatic
herb, whose leives are used in cookery and as a garnish.
Pan'lllp (-nTp), n. [L. pastinncaA Aromatic and
edible root of the cultivated form of a plant very poison-
ous in its wild state ; the plant itnelf.
Pai'MMl (-«'n), n. [OE. & OF. persone, LL. perxnna
(sc. ecelesiae), fr. L. persona person.! 1. One who
re|n«8ent8 a parish In its ecclesiastical and corporate
caMcities ; rector of a parochial church. 2. Clergyman.
Par'MlHICe (-tj)* n. 1. In England, a certain portion
of lands, tithes, and offerings, to maintain a parson. 2.
Residence owned bya parish for the use of the pastor.
Part (pKrt), n. \T. ih. pars, partis.} 1. A portion
of anything; piece. 2. (a) An equal constituent por-
tion ; one of several like quantities, numbers, etc., of
which anything is composed. (6) Constituent portion of
a living or spiritual whole ; organ, (r) A constituent of
character or capacity ; faculty ; talent ; — usually in pt.
(d) Quarter ; region ; district ; — usually in pt. (e) Such
portion of any mathematical quantity, as when taken a
certain number of times, will exactly make that quantity ;
as, 3 is a part of 12 ; — opp. of multiple. 3. That which
belongs to one in a division or apportionment ; share ; lot ;
offlr*e. 4. (a) One of the opposing sides in a conflict ;
faction, (b) A particular character in a drama or play ;
language, actions, and influence of a character in a play,
or in real life, (e) One of the different melodies of a
ooocerted composition, which heard in union compose its
harmony ; music for each voice or instrument.
Syn. — Division : fraction : fragment ; piece ; share ;
oonstitnent. See POktioh, and Sicnoir.
— r. /. [F. partir, L. partire, fr. pars."] 1. To divide
IPari
into dlatfaM* partaor pieoas ; to sever. 2. To divido into
shares ; to apportion. 3. To separata or sunder. 4. T6
hold apart ; to stand between (combatants, etc.). — *. <•
1. To be divided into parts or pieces ; to break. 2. To
go away ; to quit each other ; to die.
Par-tak*' (pftr-tik'), v. i. limp, Pabtook (-t«6k0 :
D. Pabtaxbm (-tik^'n) ; p. pr. 6[ vb. n. PABTAXura. j
^.^art -i- taJte.'\ 1. To take a part, portion, lot, or sliara,
in common with others ; to partidpste ; to share. 2. To
luive something of the properties, character, or office.^
r. /. To have a part or share in. — Par-tak'cr. n.
Paifcr (pXrt4r), n. One that parts or separatee.
Par-C«nr«' (pfa-tir' or -ttr'), n. [F., fr. par on, by
(L. per) -f-<erre earth, ground, L.<crm.] An ornamental
arrangement of flower beds in a garden.
Partial (-sbol), a. [F., fr. LL. pariialia, tt. L. part^
partis, part.] 1. Pert, to, or affecting, a part only ; not
general or luiiversal ; not entire. 2. Inclined to favor
oue party or one side of a question, more than the other ;
biased. 3. Having a predilecUon for ; f ooUahly food. —
Par'tl-all-ty (-shT-iiaty or -shua-ty), ».
Ptf'tial4y, adv. 1. In nart ; not totally. 2. In a
partial manner ; with undue bias of mind ; unjustly.
Putl-Ue (pKrtT-bn), a. Admitting of being parted ;
divisible. -Partl-Wll-tr. «-
Par-tlol-pailt (plir-tliA-pant). o. Participating ; hav-
ing a share or part. ^ n. A participator ; partaker. .
rar-tlol-paM (-pit), v. i. [L. partidpare, -paium , to
participate ; pars^ partis -\- capere."} To have a diare in
common with others ; to take a part ; to partake. — Par*
tlo'l-fallon, M. — Par-tlol-Ba'tor, a.
Par'tl-olpi-al (-tT-sTpT-ol), a. Having the nature and
use of a participle ; formed from a participle.
Partl-ol-ple (-«T-p*l), n. [L. partteipium, fr. parHtept
shsring ; pars, partis -f- capere to take. ] A part of ^icech
of the nature oif both verb and adjective.
Par^-Cla (-k*l), n. [L. partieula, dim. of pars, partis,']
1. Minute part or portion of matter ; little bit ; at««n ;
jot. 2. A subordinate word that is never inflected ; word
used only in composition ; as, <y in lovely.
Par-tlo^-lar (-tlk't-ISr), a, [L partiemtaH*, See
Pabticlb.] 1. Relating to a part of anvtiiiug ; separate ;
individtud ; specific. 2. P^rt. to a single person, claas, or
thing ; not general ; peculiar. 3. Separata by reason o<
superiority; distinguished; spedaL 4. Coocaraad wltli
details ; minute ; mce ; fastidious. ^ n. A separata part
of a whole ; individual fact, detail, or item.
Syn. — Individual ; respective ; peculiar ; special ;
exact ; specific ; predae ; circumstantial. See MnnrrB.
Par-tlO^-larl-ty (-lir^-ty)» «. 1. The being partio.
ular; drcumstanthdity ; minutenew in detail. 2. That
which is particular; peculiarity; special circumstance.
Ptf -tto^lar-lM (-iSr-lt), v.t,Ai, To give as a par^
ticular ; to mention particularly ; to specify in detail.
Par-tl0'll4ar-ly, adv. 1. Ui a particular manner;
expresslv. 2. In an especial manner ; highly.
nrfrng (piirt^ng), a. 1. Serving to part ; dividing.
2. Given when depoiting. 3. Departing. 4. Admitting
of being parted. ~ii. 1. A dividing; separation. 2. A
leave-t^dng. 3. A surface or line of separation.
Par^-aan (pXr^T-ion), fi. [F.^tr. it. parHaiano. Sea
Pabtt.] [Written also porft«m.] 1. An adherent to a
party or faction. 2. (Commander, or member, of a body
of detached troops harassing an enemy. -»a. 1. Adher.
ent to a faction. 2. Serving as a partisan in a detached
command. — Partl-iaB-8hq>, fi.
PartlHMUl, n. [F. pertiiisane, fr. OF. pertvisier to
pierce.] A kind of halberd or pike ; a truncheon ; stat
Par-ti110ll(-tT8h'On),n. [F. ; L.p/rrtt7io.l 1. A part-
ing or dividing ; a being parted ; division ; distributioti.
2. That which divides ; separating boundary ; interior
wnl) dividing one part of a house, Indoaore, etc., from
another, -^r. t. 1. To divide hito shares; to distribute.
2. To divide into distinct parts by lines, walls, eto.
a, S, 1, 5, n, long ; A, «, 1, 5, A, j^t short ; sanAta, 6vent» tdaa, dbey, finite, c4re, iinn, Aak, «n.
PARTITIVE
409
PASSIVITY
Ptt^^tfiS (p&mT-tTT), a. Denoting a pwt — n. A
rord expreoBing partition. — Pir^-ttT«-lVt adv.
Paxtly (pKittflfy, adv. in part ; not wholly.
Parfntr i-nZr), n. iFor parcener^ influenced by port. ]
One who hM a part in anything witli another : partaker.
(a) A hnahand or a wife. (6) One of a couple dancing
together, (e) One sharing as a member of a partnenhip
in the management of a boainen.
8yn. — AaaoHate ; ooUeagoe : coadjutor ; confederate ;
jMurtaker ; participator; companion : comrade i mate.
riTHMT rttp. 11. 1. The being a partner. 2. A
•baring among partners; Joint poaseeaion or interest.
3. An aaeodaaon of persons to proeecnte an undertaking
onjoint account ; a company ; firm ; house.
TunriAf (pkr^Ti), n. [OF. pertrU^ perdHs, L.
perdi*^ Or. Wp&^.] 1. A small gaUinaceoaa game bird
of the Old World. 2. The American quail ; bobwhite.
3. The ruffed grouse. {New Ena.]
Par4a11-611t (-tu'rT-«nt), o. [L. pariuriens^ p. pr. of
partwrire todeaire to bring forth, fr. parere^ partum, to
Ming forth. See Pabbmt. ] Bringing forth, or about to
bring forth, young ; fruitful.
Par'tll-Il'tion (pSr^ttt-rlshlin}, n, A bringing forth,
or being deliTered of, young ; delirery ; childbirth.
Ptt^ {vli*nf\, n. [F. parH and partie, fr. F. partir
to part. cUVide, L. partirf.'} 1. A number of persons
unned m opinion or action ; one of the parts into wliich
a people is diTided on questions of pubUo policy. 8. A
I>art of a larger body or company ; a detachment. 3. A
number of persons inrited to a sodal entertainment ; the
ontertainment itself. 4. One concerned in an affair ;
participator. 6. The plaintiff or defendant in a lawsuit ;
a litigant. 6. A person : as, he is a queer party. [ Vul-
porl^o. 1. Parted. 2. Partial; favoring one party.
ra^-OtfKortd ) (•kfil'Srd), a. Colored with differ-
Pai'tf-OQl'artd ) ent tints; variegated.
Pur^¥*-ini^ (-vt-nu'), n. [F., prop. p. p. of pareenir
to rise to high station, L. pervenirn to come to ; per
through -f venire to come.] An upstart.
I Pis (pK), n. [F. See Pacb.] 1. A pace ; step in a
dance. 8. Right of going foremost ; precedence.
PlS8h(pSak), in. [AS. & L. pa«cAo, Or. irtfo-xo,
II Pm'oIui (pbOci), \ fr. Heb. petaeh, fr. pitaeh to
passorer.] ThepassoTer;Easter.— FAS'ohal(p&«'kal),a.
Pft^hai' (pA-^iO, fi. [Turk. pa*hA, 6a«Aa.] Turk-
lab honorary title for goremors of provinces, military
commanders, etc [Jurisdiction of a naaha. I
Ptt-SkaOlo (-ITk), n. [Written ulao paehaiie.'\ [Turk.] |
Pas'qalll (pisnEwTn), ». [it. pasquino mutilated
I at Rome, on which it was customary to
•atirio papers.! A lampocmer ; a lampoon.
Pas^«al]|-M«'(-i<10i<». Lampoon.— r./. To satirise.
PaM (pAs), r. t. [F. passer, LL. passare, fr. L. passu*
step, or fir. pandere, possum, to lay open. See Pack.]
1. To go ; to proceed. 3. To change possession or circuiu-
atancea. 3. To move beyond the range of the senses or
of knowledge ; to disappear ; to die. 4. To come into
being or unoer notice ; to take place ; to happen ; to occur
Srogresaively or in succession. 6. To elapse ; to be spent,
u To go from one person to another ; to obtain general
aoceptimoe ; to circulate. 7. TO receive legislative sanc-
tion ; to be enacted. 3. To go through any test success-
fully ; to be approved or accepted. 9. To be suffered to
go oo ; to be tolerated. 10. To decline to play (a card)
ui one's turn ; in euchre, to decline to make the trump,
^r. f. 1. (a) To go by, beyond, over, through, etc. (fe)
To go from one limit to Xh-> other of ; to spend ; to live
through ; to suffer, (c) To go by without noticing ; to
disregard. (</) To surpass; to exceed, (e) To go success-
fully through (an examination, trial, tMt, etc.); to ob-
t^ the fomud sanction of (a legialative body, etc.).
3. {n) To cause to move or go ; to transmit ; to deliver.
(b) To cause to pass the lips ; to utter ; to promise, (c)
To make an end of. {d) To carry through an ordeal or
action ; to ratify ; to enact, (e) To put in circulation ;
to give currency ta (/) To cause to obtain admission
or conveyance. 3. To emit from the bowels ; to evaou.
ate. 4. To make (a thrust, etc) in fencing. —n. 1. An
opening available for passing ; defile ; ford. 3. A thrust
or push in fencing ; attempt to stab or strike. 3. Move-
ment of the hand over anything ; manipulation of a mes-
merist. 4. State of thii^ ; condition. 5. License to
pass, or to go and o(nne ; panport ; ticket permitting free
transit or aidmission.
Paas'a-btoCpAe'A^bUa. 1. Capable of being paaaed,
traveled, navigated, traversed, penetrated, etc 3. Oa-
r»Ie of being freely circulated; acceptable; current.
Tolerable; moderate; mediocre.— PlM'a-ldT* ^k^v*
PM'SAf* (pKs'stJ; 2), ». [F. See Pam.1 1. A
passing ; a gohig by, over, across, or through. 3. Tran-
sit by water, carriage, oar, etc. ; travel ; right, or moans,
of passing. 3. Price paid for liberty to pass; fare. 4.
Way ; rOad ; haU ; corridor. 6. A continuous oourse or
connected series. 6. Occurrence ; incident. 7. A por-
tion constituting a part of something continuous ; portion
of a book, raeech, or musical composition ; paragraph ;
clause. 3. Apassorencourter. 0. A movement of the
bowels. 10. Adoption; enactment.
Syn. —Vestibule ; hall ; corridor. See Vbstibclb.
II Pas'l^, tnase. \ (pa/sf), a. [F.] Past ; gone by ;
I' "BMMfwkt^* Jem. S past one^s prime ; worn ; faded.
Pas'sen-fW (pKs'sSn-jSr), n. [OS. & F. passaffer."]
Passer-by; wayfarer; traveler.
II PasM" partOVt' (pis' plir'tCSO, n. [F.. fr. passer
to pass -f partout everywhere.] 1. A master key ; latch-
key. 3. A light picture frame of cardboard, wood, etc.
Paaa'tr (plu/Sr), n. One who passes ; a passenger.
II Pas'fte-rM (pis's^rSz), n. pi. [NL., fr. L. passer a
sparrow.] An order of birds, including ail singing birds.
— PM'Mr-ine (pb'Gir-Tn or -in), a. & n.
P«S'li-ble (-sY-b'l), a. [L. passibUu, f r. pati to suf-
fer.] Susceptible of feeling or suffering, or of impres-
sions from external agents. —Pas'gi-liill-ty, n.
II Pas'atlll (-•tm), adv. [L.] Here and there.
Paaa^lng (pAsOng), n. A going by or away.— a.
1. Going oy, beyond, through, or away; departing.
3. ExceMing; eminent. «» a</p. Surpassingly.
PasllOll (plahliu), n. [P.. fr. L. passio, fr. paH^
passus, to suffer^ 1. A suffering or enduring of pain ;
distress ; the suffering of Christ in the garden uid upon
the cross. 3. A being acted upon ; subjection to an ex-
ternal influence ; a passive condition ; — opp. to action.
3. State of the mind when powerfully acted upon ; con-
trolling emotion (esp., love or anger) ; inordinate desire.
PassloB flower, the flower of a cUmUng plant, ao named
from its fancied resembUnce to the in- ~
struments of our Savior's crucifixion. —
PsssioB week, the last week but one in
Lent, or second week preceding Easter.
Syn. — Passion; FnuKo; Emotion.
— When any feeling or emotion com-
pletely manors the mind, we call it a
passion; as, s^ position tor music, dress,
etc. ; especially is anger (when thus
extreme) called passion.
Pas'tlOII-Ate(-tt),a. 1. Capable or
susceptible of passion, or of different
passions; quick-tempered. 3. Char-
acterized by passion ; ardent in feeling ;
vehement ; warm. — Pas'iiiOB-«t*>l7i
adv. — Pas'tioii-ate-nMs, n.
Pas'tUm-less (-USs), a. Void of passion ; calm.
PM'fiW (pCs'sTv), a. [L. paasUms. See Passiom.]
1. Not active, but acted upon; receiving impressions.
3. Enduring without either active sympathy or active
resistance ; patient ; not opposing ; unresisting. — Pm'-
■iTe-ly, adv. — Paa'tiTv-BeM, Pas-shrl-ty. «•.
Syn. — Inactive : inert ; quiescent ^ unresisting; un-
opposing ; suffering ; enduring ; submusive ; patient.
PsMion Flower
(PoMni/tora cm-
rtdea).
fSm, recont, Orb, r^de, full, Urn, ftfbd, fdbt, out, oil, eliair, tgo, sins, ink, then, thin.
PASSOVER
410
PATRICIDE
r (p4iWT«r), n. [Pas* 4- over. Cf. Paior.I
(a) A feast of the Jews, commemonting the sparing of
the Hebrews in Bgyptf when Ood, smitinff the flntborn
of the Egrptisns, /MiMed over the houses of the Israelites.
(6)Sacrmoe offered at Uie passover ; the paschal lamb.
Poi'^Ort (-p5rt), «. iV.passeporl^olrig.
to leave * port or sail into it
bor.] 1. Permission to
permission
patter to pass -f port har-
2. Safe-oonduot. 3. Any-
thing which secures genieral acceptance.
PSflS^WOld' (-wtirdOt **• A watchword ; countersign.
Past (pAst), a. [Fr. past, t.] Pert, to a former time
or state ; gone by ; elapsed ; spent. — n. A former time ;
state of thmgs gone by. ^preh. 1. Further than ; beyond
the reach of. 2. Alter ^ adv. By; beyond.
Paste (pist), n. [OF. ; L. patta^ fr. Or. wdimi barley
Imith.] 1. A soft composition, as of moistened Hour or
earth. 2. Dough for crust of pies, etc. 3. Cement made
of flour and water, etc., to unite paper, etc. 4. A vitre-
ous oompodtion, used in imitations of gems. 6. A soft
oonfectkm made of inspiHated juice of fruit, licorice, etc.
— r. f. To Join by
lNMrd'('^^')i*^ Stiff, thick paper board.
Paa^ ifi^tXl), n, tP-] 1- Colored crayon. 2. A
plant aflordinff a blue dye ; woad ; the dye itself.
PastMrn (-mn), n. [OF. patturon.) 1. That part of
the foot of the horse, etc., between fetlock and coffin
Joint. See JUutt. of HoBsa. 2. Shackle for horses pas-
turing.
Pas'tn (-tn). ) n, [F. pattiUe, L. pattiUut Uttie
Paa-tUla' (-taOt S l<M^t losenge, dim. otpatttu food.]
1. Small mass of a paste of gum, bensoin, etc., to scent
the air of a room. 2. An aromatic or medicated losenge ;
troche. 3. A pastel, or crayon. [Ineorreet tise}
Paani]llt'(pWUm'),fi. iPatt-^titM.I That which
makes time pass agreeably : amusement ; diversion.
Syn.— Entertainment: diversion; sport; play.
Paa'tor (-tlr), n. [L. , f r. patcrrey pattum^ to pasture,
to feed.] 1. A shepherd ; one in charge of flocks aud
herds. 2. A guardian ; minister in clutfge of a church.
— Pastor-ata, Paator-alilPf n.
Paalor-al, a. FL. pattoralis. 1 1. Pert . to shepherds,
or to rural life and scenes. 2. Kelatiug to the care of
souls, or to the pastor of a church, -i-n. 1. A poem de-
.scribmg the life and manners of shepherds ; idyl ; bucolic.
2. Letter of a pastor to his charge. — Pastor-al-lT, adv.
Paa^ (pis'trjl^), n. Articles of food made of paste,
or having a crust iuade of paste, as pies, tarts, etc.
Pastry cook, one whose occupation \» to make pastry.
Paatwr-aca (pAs'tttr-»j; 2), n. fOF.] 1. Orasing
ground; pasture. 2. Business of feeding cattle.
Paatiua (-tttr ; 40), n. [OF. ; L. pattura, fr. patcere^
rstum^ to feed.] 1. Grass growing for food of cattle.
Onus land ; pasturage. — r. /. Jk <. To graxe.
Paaty (pis'tV)* ^ Like paste, in color, softness, etc.
Pas'ty, n. tOF. pasti, F. p&ti,'^ A pie consisting of
meat surrounded with a crust of paste ; a meat pie.
Pat (pit), r. t. [Cf. O. pattehen to strike.] To strike
geutlywiththehand; toUp. — n. l.AUp. 2. Asmall
mass, as of butter, shaped by pats. — <i. Exactly suita-
ble; fit; timely. — adr. In a pat manner ; opportunely.
Pitfdl (pSch), n. [OE. pacche.} 1. A piece of cloth
flxM upon a garment, etc., to repair or strengthen it.
2. Piece of silk stuck on the face, to hide a defect or
heighten beauty. 3. Piece of greased cloth or leather
for wrapping a rifle ball, to make it fit the bore. 4. A
small piece of ground ; plot. '^v.l. 1. To mend by sew-
ing on pieces of cloth, leather, etc. 2. To repair clumsily.
3. To adorn (the fare) with patches. — PatOh'Mr, n.
PatOh'WOrk' (-wOrkO« n. Work composed of pieces
sewed tovether ; anything clumsily composed.
||Pa't4'(pii't»0»'». [»••] A pie; patty.
Pats (pit), n. [Cf. LO. patikop/ scabby bead; patt
■oab -{- 4:oDr head.] Head ; top, or crown, of the head.
U Pa-talla (pA-lfiWA), «. [L., smaU pan, kneepan,
dim. oi paHma, patena, pan, dish.] 1. !
or vase. 2. Kneepan ; cap of the knee.
Par«ll(pifen),n. ilu paima.} Plat« fdr the oome-
crated bread in the Rochanst.
Paf ant (pif ent or pitent), a. [L. patent^ 4mMs, p.
pr. of patere to be open.] 1. (Oyiener prom, piftent in
thit tente) Open ; evident ; oonspioiioaa. 2. Open to
public perusal; — said of a document oanferrtiif aome
right or privilege. 3. Appropriated or proteetad by let-
ters patent ; patented, ^n. Letter, or letters, patent ;
ofBcial document conferring a right or privilege : (a) A
writing securingto an inventor the exclusive rQriit to hie
invention, (fr) Document making a grant of pabiic lands.
— r. /. To grant or protect by patent. [patent.!
Parant-aa' (-en-tS^), n. One holding a privibga by|
Pa-tar^nal (pi-tSr'nal), o. [L. paternmt, fr. pater a
father.] 1. Pert, to a father ;fatheriy; guiding or instmct-
ing as a father. 2. Received from a father ; hereditary.
Pa-tar^-tir(-nT-U^),fi. [Upatemilat.] 1. Balatioo
of a father to his children ; fatherhood ; famfly headship.
2. Male parentage. 3. Origin; authorship.
Patk (p4th), n. ; pL Patm (pAtlu). [AB. pK9, mS ;
aUn to O. pfad.! 1. A trodden way ; footway. 2. Way,
course, or traok,in which anything moves; route ; passage.
Pa-thaHo (p44hBtak), a. [Or. w00tinMit, fr. ntfsu^
to suffer.] Affecting the tender emotions, esp. pity or
grief ; f uU of pathos. — Pa-thatl0-al4y. adv.
« — ^-___ Jp4t|,qj,)^ ^, Harinjr no beaten path or
1 ; impenetrable.
(pdUthS^nJ^), n. Oeoention and de-
way; untrodden; impenetrable.
Pa-tkara4tT (pA^thSfi-nj^), »
velopment of disease. — Path'O^aBlo (pith^Jft/Tk), a.
Pa-tbal'o«y (-th»F«.jy), n. "• - " ^
disease -f -iogy.}
[Or. w6$ee suffering,
Science of diseates, their natore,
_ _ . symptoms, etc —Pa-thal'O-flSl, «. —
Path'0-lac^ (pith'^-iojok), Path'o-lofkHairor
Pathaa (pC'thSs), n. [Or. wiSoi sdkring, passion,
fr. ireavu>, va9Y«tr, to suffer.] Tiiat which touches the
feelings or excites emoticms, pity, sorrow, etc.
Pa&'war (pAth'wiO, n. A footpath ; beaten track.
I (pi'shens), ». 1. The being patient ; power
of suffering with fortitude. 2. A calmly waiting for a<ra:ie-
thing due or honed for ; forbearance. 3. Constancy ;
perseverance. 4. Solitaire, a game of cards.
Syn. — PATmrcB ; Rnsieif atiow. — Patience ImpUea
quietness of one*s spirit under sufferings, iffovocatfona,
etc ; retignatian submiMion to the will of another.
Patlant (-shent), a. [F., fr. L. patient, -emtit. p. pr.
of pati to suffer.] 1. Having the ouality of enduring.
2. Undergoing pains, trials, ete., without mnnnuring;
long-suffering. 3. Constant in pursuit or exertion ; per>
severing. 4. Expectant with calmness, or vrithout die-
content; not hasty; composed. 6. Forbearing. •*».
1. One passively affected. 2. One under memeal or
surgical treatment — Pattant-lft adv.
PaMn (pKtTn), Patina, It. A paten.
Pa'tola' (pA'twKO. ». [F.] Prorincial dialect.
Patll-nndl (pi^T-lirk), n. [Or. wevpcipx^, f^.
iraraid lineage, race ; iron^p father 4- mpx^ leader, chiet.]
1. Father and ruler of a family. 2. A dignitary, in the
Roman Catholic and Oreek churches, superi<»- to an
archbishop. 3. A venerable old man ; an elder. — Pa'-
trt-ar^ohal (-iirnuii), Pa'trt-ar'olilo (-kTk), a.
Pa'trt-ar^ohata (-iirOctt), n. TL OfBoe, dignity, or
Jurisdiction of a patriarch. 2. Residence of an eecleat-
astical patriarch. 3. Patriarchal form of government.
Pa'tll-aroll'T (-iirk'j^), n. 1. Jurisdictfon of a patH-
arch ; patriarcbshlp. 2. Oovemraent by a patriarch.
Pa-tfi'alan (pa-tnsh'on), a. [L. patrieimt, tx.pairet
fathers or senatora, pi. of po/er.] 1. Pert, to the Roman
pairet (fathers) or senators, or patricians. 2. Noble;
not plebeian, -i- n. One of high birth ; a nobleman.
Parvl-elde (pSt'rT-sId), n. [L. voter -f eaedere to
km.] 1. Murderer of his father. 2. Crime of mvrder^
ing one*s father; parricide. — Pal'M-OI'dal (•ai'dal). e.
f^ 5, 1.5, a, long ; *, «, 1, 5,11, J, short; senftte, «vent, Idea, 6be^, finite, eArMi»f Aak, ^ ffaMI^
PATRIMONY
411
PEACEABLY
paier.l Right or estate inherited from an anoeetor. —
Pttft-noflll-al (-mS^-aOta.— PAt'rt-mo'iil-al-ly.ac/v.
Pfttll^ (pTtrT-dt), n. [Or. v«tpimtik feUow-ooun-
trynuo, fir. vditpiog eiitahltihed l^ forefathers, f r. wmstip
father.] One who loves his oountry, and supports its
interests.— o. Beooming to a patriot. — PaW^Mo, -a.
Paftllmt-llin, 11. LoTe of oountry ; devotion to the
welfare of one's oountnr ; virtues of a patriot.
Pft-tltmo (p4-trTstrk), ) a. Pert to the Fathers of
Pt-tllsll»4ll (-tT-kal), } the Christian church.
Pft4l«P (-tr910« ff. <. A f. [F. patroumer, O. & Prov.
F. patimiUtr to paddle, paw about, patrol, fr. patte a
paw.] To traverse and guard a district or beat.— n.
Ouard or men whoee du^ it is to natroL
Pttniia (pftrfin), n. [F., fr. L. palrenua^ fr. pater
rr.] One who {wyteots, supports, or countenances ;
a defender ; advocate ; promoter. — a. Doing the duty
of a patron ; tutelary.
PamMg»(pftt'r1in4j),i». [F.] 1. Special counte-
nance or sumwrt. 8. Business custom. \CommercUU
CmU] 8. Ouardianship ; tutelary oare. 4. Right of
nomination to political oflBce ; offices, contracts, honors,
etc., which a puUio officer may bestow by favw.
PftOnn-MS (pi^rttn-8s), ». A female patron.
PttftOB-lM (pit'rttn-is), v, U 1. To act as patron
toward ; to Oountenanoe ; to aid. 8. To trade with cus-
tomarily. ICommereial Cant] 3. To assume the air of
a patron, or of a superior and protector, toward.
Pmtfrai-i'llBC (-I'xTng)i a. Condescending.
FifXO-liyillio (-r^nlmTk), a. [Or. wmrpttyvfUK^ ;
«wn|y> -)- oro^ name.] Derived from ancestors, as a
name. —a. A modification of the father's name borne
by the son ; family name. — Ptrro-BymilHdt a.
PatftMl (-tb), H, [F. paiin high-heeled shoe,
foot.] Clog worn to raise the feet from wet or mut
Pllnw(48r),«.<. rFreq.ofiNi/.] 1. To strike with
a quick succesuon <^ sUffht, sharp sounds. 8. To mum-
ble. ^v.L To mutter u>rayers). ^n. 1. A quick suc>
eesakm of slight sounds. 3. Olib speech. 3. Cant of a
dass i patois.
Payfini (-t8m), n, [OB. a V.vairoH patron, also,
MtternJ 1. Model for imitation. 8. Specimen ; sample.
S. Stufi sufficient for a garment, —v. /. 1. TO model ;
to imitsAe. 8. To serve as an example for ; to parallel.
Party (^>n. [F.pd/^J A little pie.
PaiKal>CF (pft'eT-^), n. [L. paiteitiUt fr. paucus few,
Uttle.] 1. Fev ^ ' " '
Fewness; scarcity. 8. Insufficiency.
lOk(panch or pinch), n. lOF. panche^h. pantery
pmUieis.'} Tbe belly and its contents ; abdomen ; the
first stomach, or rumen, of ruminants.
Pail^^ (pf/p8r), n. [L.] A poor person ; one de-
pendent on chanty. — Pau'pw-lnB, n.
Syn. — Indigence ; penury ; want. See Poverty.
PMl'lPMr-iat (-Is), V. t. To reduce to pauperism.
PaOM (p||s)» n. [F., fr. L. pausa.} 1. Temporary
stop or rest ; interruption. 8. Hesitation ; doubt. 3.
Brief snuqjwnsion of vmce, to indicate limits and relations
of sentenoea. 4. In writing and printing, a mark indi-
cating an arrest of voice in reading ; punctuation point.
6. A paragraph in writing. 6. A hold, in music.
Syn.— Stop; cessation; suspension.
^v. i, 1. To make a short stop ; to cease for a time ;
to wait; to rest 8. To be intermitted ; to cease.
8yn.— Tostop: stay; delay; hesitate; demur.
F$:f% (pSv), V. t. [F.pover to pave, fr. L. pavire to
beri, tread down.] I. To lay or cover with stone, brick,
etc, so as to make a firm surface to travel on. 8. To
make smooth, easv, and safe ; to prepare (a path or way).
— Pt^tr (piv'Jr), n. [Written alsopart>r and navtor.]
PtTafDMBt, n. [F., fr. L. pavimentum.'] That with
^irtiicb anything is paved ; floor ; sidewalk.
Farytnm (p4-vTKyfin), n. [F. pavUlon^ fr. lupapilio
butterfly, tent] 1. Temporary movable habitation;
large tent ; marquee. 8. A single mass of building, con-
tained within a single roof. 3. A flag or banner. 4.
Auricle of the ear.
Paving (pivlng), n. 1. A laying a pavement, or
covering some place with a pavement 3. A pavement
PayfUir (piv^Sr)i «•• 1. One who paves ; paver. 8.
Rammer for driving paving stones. 3. Brick or slab for
paving. [including the peacocks. I
II Pa'iro (pE'vft), n. [L., peacock.] A genus of birds,)
PaT'O-nlne (pSv^-nin), a. 1. Pert to the genus Pavo.
8. like a peacock's tail in colors; iridescent
P»w(pn),ii. [OF. poe:ct,paUe,Q.p/ote.1 1. Foot
of a quadruped having claws, as the lion, dog, cat, etc.
8. The hano. [Joeove]— r. L & i. 1. To stroke or
handle with the paws. 8. To scrape with the forefoot
PtWl (pfti), M. [W., pole, stake.] A pivoted tongue,
or sliding bolt, on one part of a machine, to fall hito
notches on another part, so as to permit motion in one
direction and prevent it in the reverse ; catch, or detent
— r. t TostopwithapawL [Written also /xiu/, or pa/f.]
Pawn (PfpUt ^ C^^* P^o^i I^ P^o foot soldier, f r.
L. p««, pediSf foot.] A piece of the lowest rank in chess.
Pawn, n, [OF. pan pledge, piece, f r. L. panntu. See
Pans.] Anything deporited as security. — v. /. 1. To
giv« in pledge, or as security, for the pajrmeut of money
oiTowed. 8. To pledge for the fulfillment of a promise ;
to wager. — Pawn'cr (-8r). Pawn-or' (-dr'), «.
Pawnlnroltor (-brS^kSr), n. One who lends money
on the security of goods denMited in his keeping.
Paw'paW (pft'MiOi »»• P»paw.
Paz(plQu),». [L., peace.] 1. Kiss of peace. 8. Tab-
let representiug Christ, the Virgin Mary, or some saint
Pay (pi), V. t, [OF. peter, fr. L. picare to pitch, pix
pitch.] To cover (the bottom of a veissel, a seam, spar,
etc.) with tar, pitch, etc. ; to smear.
Pay, V. t. limp. &p. p. Paid (pid) ; p. pr.A vb. n.
Patino.] [F. payer, fr. L. pacare to pacify, fr. pax,
pads.} 1. To content ; to satisfy (another person) for
service rendered, property delivered, etc. 8. To requite
according to merit ; to reward ; to punisli ; to retaliate
upon. 3. To discharge (a debt, etc.) by giving what is
due or required. 4. To fulfill (a duty or promise). 6. To
give or offer (attention, a visit, etc ).^v.i, 1. To make
payment or satisfaction ; to discharge a debt 8. To be
worth the effort or pains required.— n. 1. Satisfaction;
content 8. Equi vifdent for money due, goods purchased ,
or services performed ; wages; hire.
?ay day, day of settling accounts. — Pay ofltos, pisce
where payment is made. — Pay roll, a roll or list of persons
entitled to payment with the amounts due.
Paya-bl0 (pa'i-bn), a. To be paid ; justly due.
Pay-oa' (pi-S'), n. One to whom money is to be paid.
PaT'er, n. One who pays; one by whom a bill or
note has been, or should be, paid.
Pay'maa'ter (-mAe'tSr), n. One who pays, rewards,
or requites; agent who pays s^aries, wages, etc.
Pay'mant, n. 1. A paying, or giving compensation ;
discharge of an obligation. 8. That which is paid ; return.
Pea (pS), n. ; pi. Pbas (pSx) or Prabb (pSs). [AS.
pisa, or OF. peis, fr. L. pitiim.'} A leguminous plant,
and iU fruit cultivated for food.
Peaoe (p8e)t n. [OB. & OF. pnu, L. pax, paeis.} 1.
A state of quiet ; freedom from agitation ; contentment ;
tranquillity. 8. Reconciliation ; harmony ; concord.
Psaos offninff. (a) Among the ancient Jews^ a voluntary
offering to Ood in token of homage. (6) A gift or service
offeredas satisfaction to an offended person.— Psaos ofloer,
a civil officer charged to preserve the public peace.
Paaoa'a-Ua, a. Being in or at peaoe ; quiet ; not quar-
relsome. — Paaoa'a-bla-neas, n. — Peaoa'a-Uy, adv.
Syn. — Pbacbablb : Psacktcl ; pacific : tranquil ;
quiet : mOd ; undisturbed ; serene ; i^. —Peaceable de-
scribes the state of an individual, nation, etc. in refer-
ence to external hostility, attack, etc ; peacejul, in re-
spect to internal disturbuice.
ffrot raoeat, Arb, r^de, fyll, lUn, food, ftfbt, out oil, chair, go, ain^, igk, then, thin.
PEACEFUL
[Prob. fr. D. pij,nije, coat
A thick looae woolen Jacket.
fUtOtflll (pSt'Tvl), a. 1. Eniojrinff pence ; not dis-
turbed bv war, anxiety, etc. 2. Not disposed to agita-
tion ; pacific. — PMOellll-ly, adv. — PmuwIiiI-IMW, n.
8yn. — See Pbacbabu.
r (-inSk'ir), n. One who makee peace by
rties at variance,
ch), r. /. [See Impeach.] To accuae of crime.
— V. i. 'to betray one*s accomplice. [Lotc]
Peilldl, n, [OF. peKhe^ fr. L. Perticum (»c. malum)
Persian apple, peach.] A tree, and its juicy fruit, con-
taining one or two seeds in a hard stone.
PM'6lll0k' (pS'chTkOt *>• Chicken of the peafowl.
PWl'OOOk' (-kCkO. »• [OE- j^' 'Ji . Pea- ia f r. AS . ^*^&,
p&wa^ peacock, fr. L.
pavo.} 1. Male of any
feasant of the genua
Pavo, native of £>uth-
em Asia and the East
Indies. The upper taU
oorerts are long and
capable of erection, and
each nuu-ked with a
black spot bordered hv
concentric bands of bril-
liant blue, green, and
golden colors. 2. The
species ooUectiTely ; a
peafowL
PmIowI' (-foulO, ».
The peacock or peahen.
PMlMiy (-hSn/), M. •'
The female peafowl.
PM'-]aok'et(-Jik/«t),n.
of coarse woolen stuff J A
PMk (pSk), n, [AS. peac.} 1. A point. 2. Top of a
hill, mountain, or range ; isolated mountain. 3. (a> upper
aftermost comer of a fore-and-aft sail, (b) Narrow part
of a Teasers bow, or part of the hold within it. (c) Ex-
tremity of an anchor fluke ; bill. — v. i. 1. To rise into
a point. 2. To look thin or sickly. 3. To peep slyly.—
V. /. To raise (an oar. gaff, yard, etc.) upright.
PmI (pSlV, a. [Abbr. of F. apprl call, appeal, raffle
of a drum, fr. appeiler to call L. appeUareA 1. A loud
sound as of bells, thunder, cannon, shouts of a multitude,
etc. 2. A set of bells tuned to each other ; changes rung
on a set of bells. — v. tf. To utter loud sounds.
F¥Uk (pS^ou), n. A pflean ; song of triumph.
PMlnrt (-not), n. 1. Fruit of a trailing le^minous
plant, being a hard pod, containincr seeds which ripen
iMneath the soil ; groundnut. 2. The plant Itself.
PMUr(ptr),». (kS.peru^h.pintm.'] The fleshy pome
of a rosaceous tree of temperate climates ; tree bearing it.
P0AZl (pSrl), n. [LL. perla^ prrula^ fr. L. pirum
pear.] 1. A shelly concretion, having a brilliant luster,
with vanring tints, found in the shell of certain mollusks.
Pearls of flne luster are esteemed as Jewels. 2. Some-
thing very precious. 3. Nacre. 4. A aize of type, be-
tween airate and diamond.
W^ Thin line It printed In the type cnlled peart.
Psart ofstsr, a large tropical marine bivalve mollusk,
which yields pearia
— a. Pert to pearls ; made of pearls, or of mother-of-
pearl. — V. t. 1. To adorn with pearls, or with mother-
of-pearl. 2. To uuike into mnall round inmina ^ r. i.
1. To resemble pearls. 2. To dive or hunt for pearli*.
Pwul'tsll' (-ashOf n. Refined potash, used in making
Map, glass, etc.
P*Wl'y (-y)f *»• 1- Containing, or yielding, pearls. 2.
Resemblmg pearl or pearls; clear: transparent; iridescent.
PMT'nudll (pftr'min), n. A kind of apple.
PMM^ant (pex'ffnt), n. [OF. pa'Uant, paUan, fr. pny»,
lu pngtu conntry. See Pagan.] A countryman : ru.stic ;
tiller of the noil in European countries.—/!. Rustic ; rural.
Syn. —Countryman ; rustic ; swain ; hind.
412 PECULIAR
PMS'ftBl-rT (pSi'ant-rt), n. PeaaaIIt^ ooQeotHely.
PMS'OOd' (pSaHiBdO, n. Legume, or pod, of the pea.
Pmm (pSs), M. A plural form of Pra.
PMt (pet), n. [Prob. for beat, prop., material used to
make the fire bum better, fr. AS. b&a» to better, mend
(a fire).] A vegetable aubatance oonaiating oi roota,
fibers, mosa, etc., oft«i dried and naed for fuel.
Faataoss. (o) Plants which decompoae into peat. (6) A
fen producing peat, (c) Moas which growa in boJEgy plaoea.
Paat^ i-f), a. Composed of, full of, or like, peat.
PtbTA* (p9b^*l), n. [AS. papoUtan.} 1. SmaU
bowlder ; atone rounded by action of water. 2. Trans-
parent rock crystal. -i-r. I. Tb grain (leather) ao as to
produce a surface covered with small prominenoea.
PebOdy (-bm, a. FuU of pebbles.
P0-caa' (pt-kin'), n. [F./wr<m^.] A speciea of hick-
ory; also, ita fmit, a smooth, well-flavored nut.
Peo'ea-1il«(pSkO(A.bn),a. [F. SeePBccAsr.] Liable
to sin. — Peo'Oft-lllll-ty, a.
Peo'ea-dliao (-dniS), n. [Sp. p^cndUlo, dim. of
pecndo a sin, fr. L. veccatum.'\ A petty fault.
PtO'oan-cir, n. L The being peccant. 2. A aia
T^^'^^nnt, fT. ^X..veecafa^-e<intu,^.^T.otpeeeare\A
ail 1 S-nviin,-:: 2. Morbid: corrupt.
Pec'ca ry ( k^^r^), n. [Fr. South Amer. name.] A
pa4 hy^li'Ftij «.In<iii rue sice and shape of a small hog, rau-
giiiL: Umi\ Arkiin^^i- to BraxiL
Peck 4 1 h'l k . ij ; Perh. akin to pack J] 1. The fonzth of
abiiHii. 1 . 1 In Mo'-ksure of eight quarts. 2. A great deal.
F&CK. '*. f s^ *. [See Picx.1 1. To strike with the
beak. 9, To Btrik4\ pick, or dig, with a pointed inatra-
ment; esp., to strike with reputed quick movements.
3. To pick up with the beak ; to bite ; to eat. 4. To
make (a hole, etc.) by striking with the beak or a pointed
instrument. — n. A quick, uiarp stroke.
PMk'tr, n. 1. One that peeks ; a woodpecker. 2.
Instrument for pecking; pick.
Poo'tOII (-tSn\ n. |X. pecteHf -Hnis, comb, kind of
shellfish.] .1. (a) A pigmented membrane projecting
into the vitreous humor of the eve in birds, and in many
reptiles and fishes, ib) The pubic bone. 2. A bivalve
mollusk; scallop.
Peo^-nal (-tl-nol), n. Like, or pert, to, a comb. — ».
A fish whose bones resemble comb teeth.
Peo^-nate (-ntt;, ) a. 1. Like teeth of a comb. 2.
Peo^-na'tM, ) Having narrow, close diviaiona,
like those of a comb.
PecOO-ral (-t«-ral), a. [L. perto-
ralUy fr. peehu, -toris, breast] 1. Pert
to the breast, or cheat 2. Relating
to, or good for, diseases of the cheat
or lungs. 3. Having the breast con-
spicuotuily colored ; -> said of birds,
etc.— n. 1. A breastplate. 2. Medi-
cine for diseases of the chest and lunga.
PM^-Ut6 (-ft-llt), r. i. [L. pent-
Inri^ -laiu3, to peculate, akin to peeu-
lium. See Peculiar.] To appropri-
ate (public property) to one's own use ; .
to embeizle. — Peo'U-UtlOII, n. —
Pao^-U'tor (-li't«r), n. [L.]
Pe-ral'ltf (p«-kul'y8r), a. [L. pe-
cnlinrit^T. peeulium private property,
akin to pecunin monev. See Pwruii-
lART.] 1. One's own ; not owned in ^
common. 2. ParticuUr ; individual ; ^
appropriate. 3. Unusual: ^r^ \ ^^^^x^ TmtA td
strange.— n. That which is peculiar ; « Fern ( /'crfjvp>jc/i.
exclusive property ; nrerogative ; char- ma prctimafm^.
acteristic. — POHSnllar-ly, orfr.
Syn. — Pbtuuar ; Spscial ; EsrariAL. — Peculiar is
from the Roman i>^niHum^ a thing emphatically one*s
own, and hence, dear. The former senne alwavs belongs
to peculiar (as, peculiar manners, etc.), and usually so
R, ^ 1, 5, a, long ; II, «, 1, 5, tt, t. "iiort ; aanite, «vent, fdaa, 5bey, ftnite, c4rB, lirm, Adt, tU. *>«>•
PECULIAMTT
413
PELLITORY
madi of the Uttar M to liiTolTe tMUogi of IntaNil : u,
p$euiiar cw, tirtifiotion, ota Nothing of this kind be-
ioogi to 9p9e<al and etpeekiL They mark simply the re*
Utkn Q< jrpMiM to 00IUM, and denote that there if tome-
thinff hi tUe ceae more than ordinary.
FMIIII1ttl-t7(pt-k01'vIra4^),n. L Abeingpeoul-
iar. 2. That whiohia peculiar; diatinctiTe characteristic.
V^^maftM-Vf (-kOn'yt-ry), a. [L. /)0CtmiaHiM, fr.
pecimia money, orlg., property in cattle, f r. peeut cattle.]
1. Relating to mooev. 2. Conalatlug of money.
Pad^a-COgne (pMt-gBg), n. FP. : Or. vai^aywy6t ;
VMC, vouAc. boy -f iyciy to guide.] 1. Teacher of chil-
dren; achoolmaater. 2. One who by teaching has become
formal or pedantic ; a pedant. — PM'A-COfflO (-g5]1k),
PaA'trforlo-al, a. — Pad'A-gof-Ini (-gog-Ts*m), n.
Pt'dalTpS'dal), a. [L. pedalU, fr. oe«, />e<fi«, foot]
1. Part, to the foot or feet. 2. (pCd'oI) Pert, to a pedaL
Ptd'gl (pSd'ol). n. [F. pidale. It. i)«<faZe.] A lever
acted on by the foot, aa fai the pianoforte to raise the
darapera, or in the ornn to open and close certain pipes.
Ptd'aat, n. [F. pidantt It. pedarUe, St. Or. votdcvety
See PaoAeooua.] One wiio
makes a vain display of
ledge.-P»4lll^ (p^
i^m^
F»dstel.«af.
Pedatifld Leaf.
to inatnu^ f r. ««t« bo]^<
pots oa an air of leamii
learning; a pretender to
dln'tTk), F^4Mamty4l a.
PiO'aat-ry (pSd'ont-n^),
n. Acta or manners of a
pedant; oatentation of
warning.
Pia'At«(-tt),a. [L.M.
4are,-datum, to furnish with
feet, fr. pes, pedU^ foot.]
Palmate, with the UterJ
lobes cleft into segments.
P»-dAtl-fia (pf-dlta.fTd), a. iPedate + root of L.
Jindere to split.] Cleft in a pedate
manner, but having the lobes con-
nected at the base ; — said of a leaf.
PaA'dle (pMM'l), V. i, [Fr. OB.
ped a basket. J 1. To travel about to
retail goods. 1. To do a small busiuets ;
to be busy about trifles.— v./. To
hawk ; to reUIL— P«d'dler, n. [Writ-
ten alsoped/ar and pedler."]
Ptd'«-tal(-Ss.Ud),i». t8p.;fr.L.De«,/>«f^4,foot +
OHO. Hai standing place.] Base or foot of a column,
statue, lamp, etc ; pitrt on which an upright work stands.
P^^M^tli-Vk (pS-dSs'trT-an), a. [L. pedetter^ -deslrU,
pert, to the fe t, fr. pes^ vedis^ foot.1 Ooing on foot ;
performed on foot.— n. A walker; foot traveler; pro-
fessional wAlker or runner. — P»-dMlrl-aa-isa, n.
P0da«el (pSd^-sSl), Pedl-ola (-k'l), n. [P. pkicdle,
L. pedieulus, dim. otoes^pedu.] (a) A stalk supporting
one flower or fruit, dee /T/tuT. of FLOwaa. (6) A slender
:apport of any special organ.
Iwl-mt (-gri), n. [Perh. fr. F. par degrh by de-
grees.] X A line of ancestors ; descent; lineage; gene-
alonr. 2. Record of an animal*s strain.
Padl-nMnt, n, [L. pe*^ pedU, foot.] The
triangular space forming the gable of a simple
roof ; a similar decoration over porticoes, doors,
windows, etc
PtdOar, P«da«r (-iSr), n. Peddler.
Pa'dO-baptlSIII (pS'di^-bXp'tTz^m), n. [Or.
w«&(, votBdf, child -I- E. bnpti*m.'\ Bip*'"*m of
infants. [Written •Itopvdobaptism.'] — Pa'dO*
FaSom'a-ter (^5mt-t«r), n. [ Pedi-, pedo-
-f- -meter."] Instrument for indicnting the num-
ber of steps taken in walking, and so ascertaining
the distance passed over.
P»4ll]a'0l« (-dOnncn). n. [Fr. (awimed) L. « P*<J"n-
pedunculust dim. o( pes, pf'fis.^ 1. 8^em sup- «'•(•)•
porting Uie flower or fruit of a plant. 2. Stem attaching
sdeudto
I
oertalnthalla and bamadea to other oMaeta. S. Band of
narrooa or flbrona matter oouneotingdiffeffant parti of tha
brain. — Pa4ui'0S-lir (pt-dfiB^n-iir), a.
PMk {M), V. i, [F. piguer to ptoroe, prlok. R.
pique.} To look slyly, or with the eyaa half closed, or
through a crevice ; to peep. [CoUoo.j
PMd (pSl),». [F. pet!e,L.pala^ Aspade-Uke Im*
plement, variously used : blade of an oar.
PMl, V. U [F. peter to pull out the hair, to strip, to
peel, f r. L. pilare to deprive of hair. fr. pilus halr.t 1.
TO strip off tlM skin, bark, or rind of ; to flav ; to decor-
ticate. 2. To strip or tear off (tlie skin of an animal,
bark of a tree, etc). — v. i To lose the sUn, bark, or
rind; to come ofr.— a. SUn or rind. ~ PMl'ar. a.
Pmb (pSn), n. [Of. O. ptnne.l (a) A rounded end to
the head of a sledge, used to beud metaL (b) «
Sharp-edged end of the head of a maaon*s ham- <*l
mer. [Sj^t also pantt pein^ and piend.}^ v. t.
To draw, bend, or straighten (metal) by blows
with the peen of a hammer.
Pacp (pSp), V. i. [ImiUtive.] 1. TO cry, aa
a diicken hatcliing or newly hatched ; to chirp ;
to cheep. 2. To begin to appear; tolookforth
from concealment. 3. To look cautiously or
slyly; to peer; to pry.— n. 1. Cry of a young « Peen.
chicken ; ciiirp. 2. First outlook or appearance. 3. A
sly look ; look from a place of oonoealment.
PMP'ar, ». 1. A chicken Just breaking the shell; a
young bird. 2. One who peeps ; spy. 3. The eye. iCoUoq.}
' (l*)! "• <• [Cf. Par, to peep.] To peep.
\ n. [OE. & OF. per^ fr. L. par equal] 1. One
of the same rank, quality, eudowments, character, etc.
2. Comrade ; assodate. 3. Member of the British nobility.
Paw'aM (-tj ; 2), a. 1. Rank or dignity of a peer.
2. The nobility, collectively. [by marriage. |
Poef 61ft, n. A woman ennobled In her own right, or |
Paer'lMft, a. Having no peer or equal ; matchless.
Pdeflft]|(p6'vTsh),a. [OB.oeviMrAe.] 1. Habitually
fretful ; apt to complain. 2. Sxpreasiug discontent. —
Pee'Tlftli-iy, adv.— Pet'ylali-iieftStn.
S jn.— Querulous; cross. See FaarruL, also PvruLAiica.
P«ff (l>^)« a- [OE. pegge; cf. E. peak."] 1. Small,
pointed piec« of wood, for fastening IxMrds together, at-
taching sdes of shoes, etc 2. Wooden pin, or nail, <m
which to hang coats, etc ; support ; reason ; pretext.
3. One of the pins of a musical instrument, for straining
the strings. 4. A step ; degree, —v. I. 1. TO putpegs
into ; to fasten the parts of with ptn ; to limit closely.
2. To score (pdnts in cribbage) with a peg. — v. i To
work ((m, at, away, etc.) diligently, as one who pegs shoes.
PehOe-vP (P«nt-v»'), n. [ParseePaAfori.] Ancient
Porsian dialect in which words were partly represented
by their Semitic equivalents. [Written also Pahiavi.'K
Pe-U'gl-Ail (p«li'JT-<m). Pe-Uflo (-KJ^k), a. [Or.
ircA^yuK, fr. wikayon sea.] Pert, to the sea ; marine ; —
applied esp. to animaU living at the surface of the ocean,
away from the coast.
Pelf (p«lf ), n. [OF. pelfre booty, pdfrer to plunder.
Cf. PiLraa.] Money ; riches ; lucre ; gain.
Pell-oan (pfHT-kan), n. fOr. s-cAsffdy, vtA^«<m»«,
woodpecker, also a water bird of the pelican kind, fr.
wfAcicay to hew with an ax, fr. wiktian sx.l [Written
also pelican.'] A large web-footed bird, having an enor-
mous bill, to the* lower edge of which is attached a pouch
for storing captured Ashes.
Pe-Usso' (P^'-IS^), n. [F., fr. L. pellicfH* made of
skins, fr. pelfia skin.] An outer garment, orig. of fur,
or lined with fur.
Pell (pel), n. iOT.ptl,lj.peUU.^ 1. A skin or hide;
pelt. 2. A roll of parrhment ; parchment record.
Pellet (p«lM8t), n. [F. pelote, fr. pfln ball.] Dttle ball.
PelOl-de (-IT-kM), n. [L. peUietiln, dim. of pems
skin.] A thin skin or fUm. — Ptfl-lio^-lar (-lTkt-»r), a.
PeI11-tO-ry (-t*-ry), ». [OF. paritoire, h.parietaria
fSm, reoent, 6rb, ryde, f vll« Am, food, fo^ot, out, oil, cbair, (o, ains. Ink, than, thin.
PELLITORT
414
waOpliiittfr.paHMwalL] Alow, hirnilen weed of tha
Nettto famOy ; — alM called iea/2iM^itortf, aad /idbmrt
PrtaMMy(p«KlT4*-ft),i». C8p./>rf5f«.fr.L.|»fr».
lAmm.] (a) A composito pbot of the Mediternnean
Its root U need m an irritant and to canae flow
of "aaUTa. (6) A similar pluit allied to camomile.
P•ll'B•ll^a«^ [F.p^-m^.prob.fr.petteaaboTd
+ mUer to mizj In otter coafuaion ; with Tiolence.
Pil-te'Cld (-iS^aTd), a. [L. peUueidu* ; per + lucidvM
olear.l Trananarent ; limpid ; tranalncent ; not opaque.
- Nla'takl.mM, Ptlla-ddl-ty (-aTda-tj^), i».
PMt (p«t).W. tCf. O. pe/r pelt, fur, fr. OF. pe/iee
(aee Pblumb) ; or perb. abbr. tr. peltry.} Skin of a beaat
with the hair on ; ondreased hide.
Ptit* 9. t. [L. pultart^ eqniv. to puUare (▼. freq. fr.
peUere to drire).] 1. To strike with aomething thrown
or driven; to assail with pelleU or missilea. 2. To
throw. —». Blow from aomething thrown.
II PiltA (pnoi), ». [L., shield; fr. Or. w4kni,} An-
ciently, a amall shield of elliptic ahspe. ^_
Prtlato (-ttt), la. Shield-shaped;
Ptl'tft-tod (-tirtSd), f acntiform ; haWng
the stem or support attached to the lower
surface ; — said of a leaf or other organ.
Utier furrier, fr. OF. iM^^skin, L. peUU.}
Pelts or skins, oollectivelv ; furs.
Pil'Yls (pn'TTs), n. IL.* basin, Uver.]
The open, bony structure at the lower ex- Peltate Leaf
tretni^ of the body, to which the lower „ ^ of
limba are jointed. — MMo, a. HifdrocotvU.
pgmfDU-oail (pSm'mT-kan), n. [Written alao pemi-
eon.] Meat cot thin, dried, poundedj mixed with melted
fat and sometimea dried fruit, and compressed.
Pmi (p8n), n. [OB. & OF. venne^ fr. L. penna
feather.! 1. Instrument for writing with ink« 2. In-
ternal Shell of a squid. — v. /. [imp. &. p. p. PmiBO
(pBiid) ; p. pr. & v6, n. Punmio (-nYng).] To write.
PtB, 9. L limp. & p. p. FwanmD (p8nd) or Pbht
(pSnt) i p. pr, & rb. n. Puriaxo.] [AS. vennan^ prob.
fr. root of pint *Q<1 orig., to fasten with a peg.j To
ahut up, as in a pen or cage. — n. A small inclosure.
Pt'llld (pS'nal), a. [L. poenalis^ fr. poena punish-
ment.] Pert, to punishment, to penalties, or to crimes
and offenses ; inflicted as puuishmeut.
P«l'al-ty (p&i'ttl.ty), n. [F. pHaliU--^ 1. Penal
retribution; punishment. 2. Forfeiture; flue.
PMI'aiUMt n. [OF.; L. paeniteiitia repentance.]
Suffering imposed or submitted to, to repair a sin com-
mitted, and obtain pardon for it.
II PMMtM (pt-nitSs), n. pi. [L.] Ancient Roman
household gods, presiding over the home and hearth.
Peaot (]^ns), n., pi. of PaNHT.
II PMI'OlUUlf (piiK'shKN'), n. [F. , f r. peneher to bend,
fr. L. pendere. Bee PuroAirr.] Inclination ; taste ; bias.
Pmi'oII (pSn'sTl), n. [OF. pineel^ L. peniettlum, dim.
of penis tail.] 1. A painter*s small brush for laving on
colors. 2. A slender cylinder of black lead, colored chalk,
slate, etc., for drawing or writing. 3. A collection of
rays of light, diverging
from, or converging to, a
point. —r. /. limp. &
&p. PiNciuo) (-sTld) or
laLLBD ; p. pr. & vb. ^ . , „
n. PwciLWO or Pwcil- P*^"*"* »' ^y* <**>
UHo. ] To write or mark with a pencil ; to paint or draw.
Pond (pSnd), V. i. [L. pendere.] To be undecided,
or in process of adjustment.
Prad'aat, n. [F., orig. p. pr. of pendre to hang, L.
pendere.^ \. Something which hangs, depends, or is
suspended ; a hanging appendage of an ornamental char-
acter ; an appendix or addition. 2. A hanging ornament
on roofs, ceilings, etc. 3. One of a pair ; a counterpart.
PENNY
BOMMaded. 1. A baii« aadocided ; soipaaae,
FtMfl'«at,a. [L.paid0ii«,-rfMM<,p. pr. ofpentffrv.]
1. Supported from above. 2. Jutting over ; OTerhanginy.
TwiM. a. Not yet decided. — jMTp. Daring.
PWIMOW (pin'dfl4aa), a. \y peudmbu, fr. pea.
dere.} Depeodiiy ; swii^ing. ~ Fwrte liWM BMi, «.
TnTMimn; VS^tU.h.pendnlui.} Abodyaoa-
d pdnt, and awii^inff fNdy to and fro
by alternate action of gravity and I
pendedfromal
by alternate action of gravity and mumeutumJ Itboaad
to regulate movementa of machinery.
PM'i-tm-btoC-l-triUbnXa. Capable of beincDaoe.
trated. entered, or pierced. —FM^Mlft-Mt-MM, PWI'-
PMl'O^nt* (-triU), V. L [L. pemelrartt -iraimm ; akin
topeniha inward.] 1. To enter into; to piwoe. 2. To
affect through the senaea; to move deeply. S. To arrive
at the inner contents or meaning of ; tooomptehand ; to
undenAand.— r. i To pass ; to make way.
P«r«-trmtlQn, n. 1. A penetratin|k 2. Inaigbt.
8yn. — Acuteneaa ; diaerhntnaHon , BeeDiaciBnairr,
andSAOAciTT.
P«l'iMni-ttv«(-txtrtTv),a. 1. Tending to penetnite;
piercing. 2. Acute; disooning; sagacious.
PMI'gVlB (-gwTn), *». [Perb. fr. fouth Am«r. name.]
A bird of the south temperate and antarctio regions,
covered with short, thick feathera, which lack true quilla.
They cannot fly, but nae their winga in diving.
P«l-tB'm4a(-Tn'a«.li;40),i». [L. ; paeiM almoat -|-
i$uula island.] A portioa of land neariSr anrroonded by
water, and connected with a larger body fay a neck, or
isthmus. — PMI-lll'SB4ar (-Itr), a.
Pt'toiS (pS^nTs), n. [L.] Male organ of generatioo.
P«ll-t«BOt(p«tta-tena).n. [F. ; L. paenitenMa.] Tte
being penitent ; aorrow for sina or fanfta.
8yn. — Bepoitanoe; contrition; componctiop.
[F. ; L. paenitenit 4enti*^ ^pr.ol paemi-
tere to repent ; prob. akin to poena puniahment.] Fed-
big sorrow on account of offenses ; repentant ; contrite.
— n. 1. One who repents of sin. 2. One under chnreh
censure, or under the direction of a oonfeaaor.
P«rl-ttBllal (-tCn'ahol), a. Put to penitenot, or to
penance ; expreadng penitence.
P«l'i-tn'ttt-ry(-aWrj^),o. LBelatinfftopenanoe.
or to rulea and measorea of penance. 2. Exprearive of
penitence. 3. Used for punishment and reformation.—
n. A house of correction ; priaon.
Pral-tMlt-lFt adv. In a penitent manner.
(-nlfO, f». A amall pocketknife.
n. 1. One skilled in ndng the pen ; a wilt-
ing master. 2. An author ; oompoaer.
Wn'mail-flblpt n. Art of writing ; chirography.
II PmiIBA (-n4), n. [L.] A perfect, or normal, feather.
PtB'BABt, n. [OE. & OF. penon, fr. L. penna.} (a)
A small flag ; pennon. (6) Rope or strap to which a par-
chase ia hooked.
PMl'Bttti \a. 1. Winged; plame-ahaped. 2. In
- -,f botany, ptonate. [poor.l
^(.nM88),a. [Fr.p«iny.] Without money ;|
(-nfin), n, [Of. PmxoK.] Wing ; pinion.
Pra^non, n. Pennant ; flag.
Ptn^ (-ny), a. [Perh. cormp. of pun, forpoimd.]
Denoting pound weight for 1000 ; — naed In oombbatioii,
with respect to naila; aa, tenpainy nails, naila of which
1000 weigh 10 pounds.
PtB^Ft M. ; pi. PBHims (-nTi) or Pna (pSna). Pen-
nies denotes number of coins \pence amount in value.
iAS. penia^ pending ; akin to D. penning, O. pfennig.)
. An English coin, the 1.12th of^a ahilling, and worth
about two cenU; — uauaUy abbr. d. (hiltial of denarims).
2. Any small sum or coin.— a. Worth a penny.
rsuqr wise, wise or pmdent only in amaU mattera : asv>
hig amall suma while loabig buver ; — used chiefly in the
phrase* penny wise and pound foolish.
0, i, 1, 8. «i Kmg I A, ff ff, •, «« f • th^ I «Mt%a, tvevt, t4««, •taFf tlMti tiiii imi **f •>!• i
PENNYROYAL
416 PERCEPTION
Pm^MjHWy^al (pgn^ny-rot^al), n. A Kunmeau aromatic
harb ; a Korth Auiericau plaot reaembUug ft In flavor.
Ptn^y-Wtlgllt' (-wit/)f n. A troy weight oontain-
ing 21 grains, or the 1-aOth of an ounce.
PMI%y-wafft^ (.wQrtb' ; eolhq. pSn'nlirth), n. L A
penny's worth ; as much as a peony will buy. 2. Full
return for money laid out ; a bargain. 3. A trifle.
PMl'ltl* (-en), a, [Lb pensauf ft. pendere to hang.]
Hanging; suspended; pendent ; pendulous.
PraflkHI (-shfln), n, [F. , f r. L. penrio a payinff, pay-
ment, fr. pendere, pensum, to weigh, to pay ; akin to
pendtire to hMoa.} X A stated allowance to a person in
consideration of past services ; stipend paid by a govern-
menl to retired public oflloers, disabled soldim, families
of soldiers killed in service, meritorious authors, etc
2. [F., pron. pJ^sy6iK.] A boarding house or schooL —
r. /. (pitt'sbfin) To grant a pension to. — PMI'ltoll-ar, n.
Pia'felOB-a-ry (-*-ry)» «. 1. Maintained by a pen-
aion ; receiving a pension. 2. Consisting of a pendon.
—A. 1. One who receives a pension ; pensioner. 2.
One of the chief magistrates of towns in Holland.
Pm^glfd (-sTv). a. [F. pentif. It. peruer to think, f r.
L. pentare to consider.] Thoughtful, sober, or sad ; given
to musing. ~Pni^liv#4y, adv,
F9BfWt06kf (-stOk'), n. 1. A dose conduit to con-
duct) water to a water wheel, to empty a pond, etc.
2. Barrel of a wooden pump.
Ptat (pint), o. D. or a. Ponned or shut up ; confined.
PtBTUHtbord fp«n'tA-kOrd), n. [Or. swrayopaof;
~ 1. An ancient musical in-
WWTCir -J'
w«vT«>' five -f- xof^ "^'^•J 1
strument witho strings. 2. A system of 6 sounds.
PratA-COn (-gSo), n. [Or. wwrdymvvif
YwWft angle.] Plane figure having 6 angles an^
6 sides. — P»-tac'0-lud (-tig^nal), a.
PMHa-lM'araB (-hTdrSn), n. [Prnto.+
Or. IV« base.1 A solid figure having 5 sides.
Pwi^tuaf^uSi-tMrn^-ar^n. [L.,fr.Or. ^n*^""-
vtrWI|MTpot ; rcvTA' -f- /ui^por measure.] A poetic verse
of 6 feet. —a. Having 6 metrical feet.
Pma»«tyl« (pSntA-stD), a. [Penta- + Or. <rrOAot
pillar.] Having 5 columns m front. n=
— «. A portico having 6 columns, nr^ ^ ^ ^ ^
Pwiy-teotfh(-tgk), m [Or. WK- [IIP • • • •
bo3!?riTieflSr6 boo£*S*tiie Old Pw»ts.«y le.
Testament ; — called also the Law of Mo$e*.
P«llt«-OOSt (-tt-k58t), n. [Or. ircyn^mxmf (sc. i|M^pa)
the 60th day, Pentecost, fr. vtmiKOirT^ 60th, fr. wivrt 5.]
1. A Jewish festival, 60 days (seven weeks) after the Pass-
over. 2. Christian festival commemorating the descent
of the Holy Spirit on the apostles, on Pentecost ; — called
also WkitMnday. ~PMlt»-OQ»lal, a.
PMimoilM' (pSnfhoua^), n. [Corrup. of pentiee, f r.
F. anpeniis penthouse.] A shed sloping from the main
wall orJMloing, as over a door or window ; a lean-to.
PtatTOoy (-r«5f'), n. [F. pente slope -f E. roof, or
fr. oen/hoose roof.'\ A leax»-to.
Pt'iralt (pTnUt or pt-nOito, Pe-md'tt-ma (-nfiKtT-
m*), n. [L. (so. nfllaba\ f r. penuUimus last but one ;
paene slmost + uUimu* last ] The hut syllable but one
of a word.
Pe-anltl-mftto(-mtt),a. Lastbutone.— n. The penult.
Pv-mmlwa (-nOm'bri), n. [KL., fr. L. paene -f
umbra shade.] Partial
shadow in an edipee.
Pv-im'kl-OWl (-nu'rT-
lb),o. [Fr. penury.] 1.
Kzcesslvely sparing in
nse of money; sordid.
2. Not bountifnl or lib-
eral ; scanty. ~Pe-Bll'-
Il-0l»4y, adv,
Syn. — Covetous : miserly
P«>nuTnbrs.
SSuni Jf Moon : CHB CDl
Prnnmbra.
stingy. See AvARiciotre.
PtafV-ry (pSn'ft-rj^), n. [L. penuria; ef. Or. wtum.
hunger, wnna poverty.! Want ; destitution.
Pi'OB (pS'Ou), n, [Sp., one who travels on foot, foot
soldier, pawn in chess.] 1. A foot soldier ; pdiceman ;
oflioe attendant ; messenger, llndia"] 2. A day laborer ;
in some Spanish American countries, a debtor lield by his
creditor to work out a debt. — Pe'OB-Age (-tj ; 2), n.
Pe'O-ny i-t-nf), n, [OE. & OF. pione. Or. i
. XlaW god of healing.
[Written also
f r. Haimir god c
"Written also fMeony, s
P«0'W»(-pU),ii. IF. peupU^thUooptdus.'] 1. Body
ig.j^ A plant, and its showy flower.
sndpMmy.]
of persons compodng a community, tribe, nation, or race ;
a community ; nation. 2. Persfxu, senerally ; an indefl-
uite number of men and women ; folks ; population. S.
The mass of a community ; popiUace ; the vulgar.
Syn.— Pbopli : Nation. — When speakiug of a state, we
use people for the mass of the community, as distin-
Kuisned from their rulers, and nation for the entire polit-
ical body, including the rulers. In another sense, nation
describes those descended from the same stock.
— V. t. To stock with people or inhabitants ; to populate.
Pcp'Mr (pip'pSr), n. [AS. pipor^ L. piper, fr. Or.
v«r«pt.J 1. A pungently aromatic condiment, the dried
berry of a climbing plant, used in medicine as acarmina-
tive stimulant. 2. Plant yielding pepper. »r. <. 1. To
sprinkle or season with pepper. 2. To pelt.
Pepper box or caster, a small box« with a perforated lid,
for sprinkling ground pepper on food, etc.
Pap'pcr-OOni' (-kdmOt f». 1. A dried berry of th**
black pepper. 2. Anything insignificant ; a particle.
Pop^ptr-gnUM' (•gris'), n. A cruciferous garden
herb ; garden cress ;peroerwort.
Pep^iw-mlllt (-mYut), n. [Pepper -f mint ] 1. An
aromatic and pungent plant used in medichic luid con-
fectionery. 2. VoUtile oil dhitiUed from the fresh herb.
S. A losenge of sugar flavored with peppermint.
Pop'^-WOrr (-wflrtO, n. Peppenrrass.
P»p^tr-J (;{), a, 1. Pert, to, or like, pepper ; hot ;
pungent. 2. Hot-tempered ; choleric
Pip'ttn (-sin), n. [Or. v^i« digestion, fr. winrttv to
cook. J A ferment contained in the secretory glands of
the stomach, and the active agent in the gastric juice.
PepHo (-tTk), a. 1. Rehktinff to digestion ; digestive.
2. Pert, to, or containing, pepsin.
^9lfArWWnmt (pSr/id-vSn'tttr), adv. A eonj. [OE.
per aventure, F. par aventure.'\ By chance ; perhaps ;
if ; supposing. — n. Chance ; hap ; doul>t : question.
Pn-MOnntUf (p8r-«m'btt-lit). v. L [L. perambu-
lore, -latum; per through •{- ambulare to walk.] To
walk through or over ; to inspect by traversing. — «. i.
To ramble ; to strolL — Per-amlMl-uittoll, n.
P«r-«m1m-U'tor (-li't^r), n. 1. One who perambu-
lates. 2. A surveyor's wlieel for measuring distances.
3. A low carriage for a child.
llPtfoala' {F. ptr^il'; E. pSr-kW), n. [F.] A
fine cotton fabric, for women's and children's wear.
Ptr-oetv'A-bto (pSr-siv'A.bn), a. Capable of being
perceived ; perceptible. — Ptr-oieftr'A-bly, adv.
P«r-oetv»' (-s5v'), r. t. [OF. pereeroiry L. pereipere,
•ceptum ; per -|- capere to take, receive.] 1. To obtain
knowledge of through the senses ; to see, hear, or feel.
2. To apprehend by the mind. — P«r-06tT'er, n.
Syn. — To Pbbcsivb; Discbrr: distinguish: observe;
see ; feel ; know ; understand. — To percrtve a thine is to
apprehend it as presented to the senses or the intellect ;
to dinrem is to mark differences, or to see a thing as dis-
tinguished from others around it.
P«r-OMIt'act (-sgnttj), n. [Per cent + -o«.] A
certain rate per cent ; allowance, duty, rate of intereat,
discount, or commissi<m, on a hundred.
Por-MrpH-ttla (-sSp^tT-bl), a. Capable of bebig per-
oAired; cognisable: discernible. — Feir-O0iytt-M0-IMM|
Par-otp'tt-toUI-ty, n. -Ptr-oep'tt-bly, adv.
Per-oePtUm, n. 1. A perceivine ; cofmisance by the
senses or intellect ; discernment : cognition. 2. Faculty
fiiB» noMfe, Arb, ryda, f^ Ikm, USod, Ufot, out, oil, cbair, go, siug, ink, tliaii, Uiin.
PERCEPTIVE
416
PERIGEUM
of peroeiTing; act of ftpprehending material objects or
qualities through the senses ; — disnng. fr. conception.
Fn-mpntn (p8r.8«i/tTv), a. Pert, to, or uaed in,
perception; obserraut.
Paroll (pSrcb), M. [Written also prarcA.l [F.peirV,
L. pereot ft. Or. tr^fici) ; cf. irepin^ dnrk-colored. J Food
tUU inhabiting both fresh and salt water.
Ptroll, n. [7. perche^ U pertiea.'] 1. A pole ; long
staff ; rod ; support for fowls to roost on ; elevated rest-
ing place or seat. 2. (a) A measure of length containing
6} yards ; a rod, or pole. (6) In land or square measure :
A square rod ; the 160th part of an acre, (c) In solid
measure : A mass 161 feet long, 1 foot in height, and 1|
feet in breadth, or 24| cubic feet. — v. i. To alight, set-
tle, sit, or roost. -» v. ^ To place or set on a perch.
Pw-<dia]loe' (p8iH:hAnsO, adv. [F. par by (U per)
•^ chance.} By chance ; perhaps ; ^raidTenture.
(p&r'sho-rCu), n. TF.] One of a breed
of draught horses from Perche, in Normandy.
P«r-apl-«lt (-sTpTr-ent), a. [l^ percipient^ -enli*,
p. pr. of percipere. See Pbrcbits. j Haring the faculty
of jeroeption.— Por-oipl-tllM, P«r-olpl-eB-ey, n.
Par'OO-Ut* (p8rnid-Iat), v. t. & i, [L. percolare,
•kuumj to percolate ; per through 4- colore to strain.]
To pass through fine intemtices ; to filter ; to strain. —
PiToo-la'tloii, n. —PVoo-la^tor, n.
ler-oOM' (-kfisO* •• <• [I* percutere, -ctuaum ; per
•\-mMtere to shake. See Quash.] To strike smartly.
Ptr-ons'aloa (-kfish'Qu), n. 1. A percussing, or strik-
faig one body against another ; f orcibto, or noisy, collision.
2. Vibratory shock ; impression of sound on the ear.
, a small coppe
., I copper cap cr cup, containing
fulminating powder, and
used with a percussion lock
to explode gunpowder. —
Psreusslsn loo, the lock of
a gim that is fired by per-
cussion upon fulminuing
PcTCUuion Lock.
powder. — PereussloB pow-
isr, pcmder so composed as
to Ignite by alight percus-
sion ; fulminating powder.
Par^moil (-dYshlln), %, [F., fr. L. perdUio, fr. per-
dere^ -dUun^ to ruin, to lose ; per -\- -dere (only in comp.)
to put.] Entire destruction ; min; eternal death.
FW-dll' 1 (p8r-d5' or pJr'dft), a, [F., n. p. olperdre
P«r-dM' ) to lose, L. perdere."} 1. Lost to view ;
in ambush ; close. 2. Accustomed to, or employed in,
desperate enterprises ; hence, reckless; hopeless.
Por'e-gll-Bato (p«r'>-grT-nit), V. i. [U peregrinaH,
•natutf to traToL] To travel from place to nlace. — Ptf'-
0-nl-aaaion, «. — P«r'e-grt-aa'tor, n. [L.]
Pofraip-tA-ry (-<mp-t*-ry), o. [L. peremptoriut de-
structive, decisive, final, fr. perimere^ •emptum^ to take
away, destroy.] 1. Precluding debate or expostuUtiou ;
not admitting of question or appeal; positive; conclusive;
finaL 2. PMitive in opinion or judgment ; dictatorial.
— Pv'ram-to-rt-ly, adr. — Par'trnp-to-ii-neai, n.
Syn.— DecisiTe; positive; absolute; authoritative;
express; arbitrary ; dogmaticaL
^fX-nfvirtl (-9n^T-al), a. [L. perennis lasting the
whole year through ; per + anrnu year.] 1. Continuing
through the year. 2. Continuing without intermission ;
never failing. 3. Continuing more than two years ; as,
a perennial stem, root, or plant.— w. A plant which
Uves more than two years. — Far-anlli-Al-ly, adv.
Ryn. — Perpetual; never failing ; uninterrupted.
PtriMt (pSrfSkt), a. [OB. & OF. parfit, L. perfteert,
'feetum^ to carry to the end, to finish, perfect ; per -f
facere to make, do.] 1. Bnnight to completeness ; not
defective nor redundant ; withont fault or blemish ; ma-
tiir*' ; whole ; correct. 2. Well informed ; certain ; sure.
3. Hermaphrodite ; having both stamens and pistils ; —
said of a flower, ^n. In grammar, the perfect tense,
which expresses an act or state completed.
nr-feoH-llU (-f«k'tT-b'l), a. Capable of becoming,
sing made, perfect — Par-fMH-llil'l-tJ, n.
nr-nomiMI, n. [F. ; L. per/ecHo.'} 1 The being
PiflMKpSr'fSkt or pSr-fSktO, v./. Tomakep^^feet;
to give to anything all that is requisite to its nature and
khjd.-P«480t-ar, n.
Syn. — To finish ; accomi^lsh ; complete ; consummate.
Pw-feoH-llU (-f«k'tT-bn), a.
or beinj
Pw3 - . - - ^
perfect or complete, so that nothing requisite is wanting ;
entire development ; matnritv. 2. A quality or aoqui^
ment completelv exceUent ; ideal faulUesaneaa.
P«r-fe(/tlon-ist, n. One pretending to perfecttoo;
believer that men attiUn to moral perfection in this life.
P«r-f0CtlTe (-fSktTv), a. Tending to perfect.
PWtect-ly (pSr'fSkt-iy), adv. WboUy ; thoroogUy.
PerftCt-neM, n. A being perfect ; perfectioB.
Per-fldl-OIIS (-fld^-tts), o. [L. perjfdiotus ; per away
-\-Jldes faith.] 1. Guilty of perfidy; violating vows;
false to trust reposed ; treacherous ; faithless. 2. Involv-
ing, or characterised by n>erfidy. — Ptr-ttft'l-^BS^y, adr.
-IPtr-fldl-OIIS-lieM, Peill^ (p8r'(T-dy), n.
Por'fO-nit* (-f^rit), V. t. [L. per/orare^ -rainm^ to
perforate ; per -{-/orare to bore.] To bore through ; to
penetrate the surface of. — Per'fo-imte, PwfhKni'M, a.
— PerlO-n'tor, n. [or pierced ; an aperture. I
Pa:'f0-nili01l, n. 1. A perforating. 2. A hole bored]
PMTflMnhttV* (p8rf$-rt-tT v), a. Able to perforate or
pierce. t By force ; of necessity. |
Per-foroe' (p^r-fUrsO, adv. Jr. par (L.per) -\- force.'l \
Psr-fomi' (-Idrm'), V. t. [OF. par/otimir to linuh,
complete ; par -j- foumir to furnish, complete.] 1. TO
carry through ; to accomplish ; to do. 2. To fulfill ; to
act up to (a duty, promise, vow, etc.). 3. To represent;
to act ; to play, as in a drama. — v. i. To do something ;
to acquit one's self in any business ; to act a part ; to
pUy Oil a musical instrument. — Ptr-lonB'Mr, n, — Pir-
foffin'A-bla, a.
8yii. — To do ; act ; transact ; achieve ; ezecate ; dis-
charge ; fulfill ; effect ; c<msnmmate. See AcooMVLm.
Par-fonn'AIUM, ». 1. A performing ; a carrying into
execution or action ; representation by action. 2- That
which is performed or accomplished ; thing done ; feat.
Sjn. — Completion ; execution : acoomidi^mwit ; pro-
duction : work ; act; deed : exploit ; feat.
Psr-fmne' (pSr-fGmOt v, t. [F. par/nmer; par -f-
fumer to smoke, L. fumare^ fr. /umu* smoke.] To flU
with a perfume ; to scent. — Par-fOBl'er, n.
Perfume (pifr'fum or pir-iZmfy, n. 1. Bceat; fra-
grance ; aroma. 2. Substance emitting agreeable odor.
Per-fnm'er-y (-y), n. Perfumes, in general.
Per-tanoto-ry (-fflnkOt-ry), a. [L per/unctorituy
f r. per/vngi^ 'functus^ to discharge ; per -f- /ungi to per-
form. See FuHcnoH.1 1. Done merely to get rid of a
duty ; performed meenanically, carelessly, luid snperft-
daily. 2. Indifferent; lisUess.— Per-fail0l04l4y, adr.
Par-lutps' (-hips'), adv. [Per -{- hap chance.] By
chance; peradventure : perchance: it may be.
Pe'kl (pS'rT), n, [Per. peri.] An elf or fairy, in Per-
siaii mytholorar.
Perl-ABtll (pSr'T-Snth^ a. [Pref. peri- + Or. £»*»
flower.] The leaves of a novrer generally, esp. when the
calyx and corolla are not readily distinguished.
Per'^car'dl-ao (klir'dT-uo, Par'l-oar'dl-al. P«^
OUr'di-All, PWl-oar'dlO, a. Pert, to the pericardium ;
situated around the heart. [of the pericardium. I
n Perl-car-^Hs (-di'tTs), a. [NL.] InflammatloBl
PeM-oar'dl-lim (-dT-fim), n. [NL., fr. Or. vcpwe^
dtor, fr. irtpucdfiSiot about the heart; vnpi + mmptia
heart.] Double baglike membrane inclosing the heart.
Pwra-oarp (-kSrp), n. [Or. ircpucapvtor ; vtpt + Kop-
]nW fruit.] The ripened ovary ; walls of the fruit.
P«r'i-oni'tai*lUll (-kr£'uT-&m), n. [NL.] The perioa-
tenm covering the cranium externally.
Pwr'l-Bee (-j5). In. [NL. nerigeum, it. Or.
Pert-ge'lim (jelSm), I irspt-h yn the earth.] That
«, «, 1, 5, 0, long ; ft, 6. 1, tt, A. t. short ; BMiftte, «veat, Idea, 6bey , ftnlte, cAra, Mrm, Ask, nn, ftML
PERIHELION
417
PERPENDICULAR
point la tte orbit of the moon which b aearwt to the
r«4^li<lott (pir^-b«Pyfln or -hSa^Sii), in. [NL.,
P«ri.teai-«m(-bsaT.aiD). ) tr. or.
vcpi + ^^Mf nm.1 That pomt of the orbit of a planet
or oooMt neareit (o the eon ; — opp. to aphelion,
P«^(plTm).a. \¥, pMl^tr, h. perieulum,'] Dan-
ger ; expoenre of pereon or property to ininry.
STn.— Haiard ; rlek ; Je<^»rdy. 8ee DASoaa.
—V. I. \i»np, A p. p. PnuLao (-Tld) or PaaiLLan ; p. pr.
A vb. a. Paanjao or PauLLDro.] To haxard : to rtsk.
Pifffl-OBt ('li*}, a. [Written elaopeH/toiM.] Full of,
or inTolTlng, peril ; dangerous. ~Ptrll-4NIS-ly, adv.
Ptr-lmf*4ir (-Tm'«-tf r), a. [Or. vcpi^crpof ; mpC -j-
liirpoif meuoie.] Outer boundaryof a body or figure.
0 rtr't-nt'llBI (-T-nS'Qm), n. {bTL., tr. Or. npG^atm.}
ReiRkm included within the outlet of the pelyia.
Pt'll^ (pS'rMkl), a. [Or. vtpiotot a going round ;
wtpl -^ Mt ^ny.J 1. Apcntionof time;eeriesof years,
months, or days, in which something is comnleted, and
ready to recommence. 2. A cycle ; age ; epoch. 3. One
of the great diTiaions of geological time. 4. A complete
sentence, from one full atop to another, ft. Punctuation
point r.j marking the end of a complete sentence or
abbremted word.
Syn. ~ Time; date : epoch : era; age : duration ; limit ;
booiid ; end ; conclusion t determination.
Pv'rt-OdiO (-MOk), io. 1. Pert, to a period or
Fn^OdlMd (-T-kal). } periods, or to division by
nerioda. 2. Performed in a period, or regular revolution.
S. Happening, l>y revolution, at a stated time ; recur-
rhig. 4. Pert, to a rhetorical period; oonstitntlng a
complete sentence. — Pa'll-oaio-al-ly , adv. — Pt^-od'-
iM^MM, F^'n<m^%^r (-^-dTsnr-ty), a.
IVfl-oAlO-al, a. A magaaine or other publication
pobliahed at stated intervals.
D Ptn^Bt»-1im ^p«r0r-8e'tt-lim), a. [NL., fr. Or. vcpc
-f ioT^br bone.] Vlbrous membnuie investing all bones.
PiT'l-pMatlO (-pA-t8t^), a. [Or. ircptirarnrtietfff, fr.
mpi + vorsir to walk.] 1. Walking about ; itinerant,
a. Pert tothenhiloeophy of Aristotle (who taught while
walking in the I>oemn at Athens), or to his fi^owers. —
a. 1. Apedeetrlan. 2. A dlsdple of Aristotle.
P^-ftpv^-y (P^rlf'ir-j^), n. fOr. vcpt^^ia ; trtol
4- ^<l^«r to carry.] 1. Outside of a body : surface. 2.
Ciroiunference of a circle, ellipse, etc — rtt-llpll'er'ftl,
PtrUhlf^ (pSr^-fSrOrk), Ptr'tj^HtfiMO, a.
PnO-plUlM QpBmr-f ris), n. [Gfr. wtoi^fnurvt ; vtpi -h
4pi<!iur to speak.] Use of more words than are necessary
to express the idea; roondabout way of speaking ; cir-
comlbcation. *» r. I. & i. TO express by circumlocution.
- B P«4ttk1ni-flis (pi^Tfri-sTs), a. - PtTl-plinuilto
(pSra-friStlk), Pn^^bnuimo^ a.
Parl-Mralo (pSPf^OpOtk), a. [Pref. peri- +
•teopic.'} Viewing all around, or on all ddes.
Ptrlill (-Tsh), V, i, rr. pMr, p. pr. pSristant, L.
DcHre to go through, perfra;i)er through -f-Mi0 to go.] To
* '] to become notnittg; todle; towasteaway.
Kla. a. Liable to perish ; subject to death.
J (-T-s8m), n. [Pref. peH- -f -tome body.]
Entire covering of an invertebrate animal ; integtiment.
Pirfl-Spiiai (-Bpirm), n. [Bee PBa^, and Bpbbm.]
ilbumra of a seed.
PtrS^tal'tlO (-stnnTk), a. [Or. mioTaAmc^ chup-
k^ and oompreasinf ; ntpC -f <tT4XXatp to arrange.]
AppUe^ to the peciuiar wormlike wave motion of the
hiteatinea, etc., produced by contraction of the muscular
libera of their walls, foroing ttieir contents onwards.
Pwl^ttVla ('StU), a. [Or. irtfitffTvkmf ; irtp^-f- ardkot
cohtmn.] A nnge of c(dnmns round a building or square.
Pari-tO-lM'ttai (-t^-nSHim), a. [Or. ircpir^vtci' ; ntfU
-I- rctvcir to stretck] Smooth serous membrane lining
the abdomen, and surrounding the viscera, forming a sac.
[Written alsopertfonamm.] — PtM-tO-lM'al, a.
bedertroi
PVl-WlC (pSi^-wTg), a. [OS. Mrrvtoe, oormp. fr.
F.perrMfMe.] Awig.-^v. I. To dress with false hair.
PW^WtB'lla (•wTnOt*!), n. TAB. ptnewlnela ahett-
fiah ; Diae-, f r. L. pina a mnssel j A small marine gas-
tropod ahellftsli.
rid-Wlll'kla, a. [AS. perHace, fr. L. pervMco.] A
trailiiu herb ; — in America miscalled myrtle.
Par^ma (pSr'Jtr; 40), «. i. [F. parjunr^ L. pir-
/amre ; per through, over -f-tamre to swear. 1^ To cause
to make oath knowingly to what is untrue.— Ptrivr-ar,
n.-P«'h|.fT(.i«:;?),a.
Syn.— To Faajvai; FoaswiAa.— Tlieae worda have
interchanged ; but there is a tendency to restrict perfm^
to that species of f orsweariiu^ which constitutes the crime
of perjury at law, namely, the willful viohition ofan oath.
P«k (p8rk). V. t. &l [CfTw. perr«.T To make
amartj to displs/ jauntily.— a. Smart; trunt aprooe.
PtiaBa-llMltCp«''nii-na>t),o. [L.pertaaaca<,-aea/<«.
p. pr. of jvenaonarf to last ; per -\- manere to remain.]
Continuing in the same sti^ or without change that
destroya rorm or character; fixed; stable.— ^Par^MA-
nant-ly I adv. — Pir'lBA-aMoa, P«rlBA-iiMi-oFt a.
Srn.— lAstfaig; durable; oonstant. See Lastimo.
PWm^^VU (-mt4>bU), a. Oapable of being perme-
ate or passed through ; penetrable. —FrntbiMMft
odr. — PifllM-A-llill-ty, a.
pores or
'bia-Ata (-Ct), V. I. [L. permeare. -o/uai, to per-
; per 4- *aaare to go, pass.] To psss through
or interstices of ; to pervade. — PiT'Bia^ltiOn, a.
PWMBlS'Ol-lda (-mYsf^sT-b*l), a. p* permUcere to
Jngle ; per -f mUeere to mix.] Oapaole of being mixed.
Per-nus'al-bla (-sT-b'l), a. That may be permitted ;
allowable ; admiaiible.
PMT-fljlls'aloa (-mTahlin), n. A permitting or allow-
ing ; formal consent; license or liUffty granted.
Syn.— LaAva ; Pkbiobsiom ; liberty ; license. — Lewe
implies that the recipient may decide whether to use
the license granted or not. PermUeion is the absence of
anything preventive, and in general signifies approval.
Per-mhi'liTa (•mIs'sTv), a. 1. Permitting; granting
leave. 2. Permitted; tolerated.— Ptr^lllt'ttfii4y,adr.
Per-mlt' (-mttO, v. t. {L, permUtere, -miseum; per
•4- miUere to send.] 1. To consent to ; to suffer to be
none; to pot up with. 2. To grant (one) liberty to do an
act ; to authorixe. 3. To give over ; to commit ^r. i.
To grant permiision. — Par'llllttar, n.
Syn.— To AiLOw; PxaioT: SiTprn: Tolsbatb; let;
grant : admit ; endure ; conaent to. — To alloic is positive,
denoting a decided aasent. To permit imports only ac-
quiescence orabstinenoe from prevention. TO euffer has
a stronger paasive or nentlve sense than to permf?, some-
times implying against the wHl, sometimes mere indiffer-
ence. To tolerate is to endure what is contrary to desire.
Per^tattt (pSr'mTt or p9r-mTtO, n. Warrant ; leave ;
a written licenae or permission given by one in authority.
Par-mlt'tailOe (•mft'ttfns), a. A permitting; leave.
PeMnn-ttllOII (pSr'mtt-tE'sfafin). a. 1. A permut-
ing ; exchange of one thing for another ; mutual trans-
ference. 2. \a) Arrangement of any determinate number
of things, as units, letters, etc.. In all possible orders, one
after the other ; — called also alternation. (6) Any one
of such possible arrangements. 3. Barter ; exchange.
Par-miltt' (pSr^mutO« v. <• [L. permutarty Saturn ;
per -f mvtnrt to change.] To Interchuige.
Par-nl'oloas (-nYsh^), a. [L. pemwiuut^ fr. per-
nieiee destruction, fr. per -f neoare to kia] Injuring or
kUlIng ; very mischievous. — Ptr-lll'd0ttl4y. adv,
Syn. ~ Destructive ; ruinous; deadly } noxioua.
Ptro-ratHm (pSr^-fS'*hHn). a. [L. p9ronmo^ fr.
p«twar^-ftf^4m,tospeakfrombegittmngto«nd| pvt-^-
otart to speak.] Concluding pan of an oraUoB i fiM
summing up and enforcement of an argnmadi
Porpen-dtom-Ur (nSr/pBn-dTk'tt-Kr), 0. \lMptrpm^
ditiilari*^ perpendietdaHue : per-^pendere to hang.]
1. Exactly upright or vertical; pointing to the lenith;
at right angles to the plane of the horison ; extending in
PERPENDICULARITY
418
PERSUADE
ft right line from any point toward the crater of the earth. | Por-irisf tBt (pSr-sTat^ent), a, [L. penittm*^ 4eM(if,
2. At right angles to a given line or sorfaoe; aa, the line i ~ * " --•••-
odispeiTMiMficutorfeothelineftc.— »». 1.
Line at right ani^ to the plane of the
horijKin; vertical line or direotioQ. 2. Line
or plane falling at right angles on another
line or surface. — PtTpaOhdlo^ll-larl-ty
(pSr'pSn-dTk/ft'IIra-ty), n. — Ptr'pm.
fflo^4ar-l7 (-lir-iy), adv.
Ptl'pt.trmt«(-pWrlt).«./. [L.perpe-
frore, -tratumt to effect ; per -{- patrare to
perform.] To do or perform ; to be guilty
oo Fcrpnidic*
nlsr Une i he
Uorisontal
Line.
FWp^-trm'tlonfii. 1. A perpetrating; a doing. 2. The
thing perpetrated ; an evil action.
P«r-pehlHll (-pSt^tt-al), a. \piL & ¥. perpkud, ft,
L. perpetualUf fr. perpes, -pen*, lasting throughout.]
NeverHseasing ; continuing forever or for an unlimited
tfane; unfaiUng.— Par-p^rtt-Al-ly, a<fr.
8yn.-0ontonial;ir ""
See OoHSTAirr.
fNV-ptt^-alttV. <. Ih. perpetuartt 'atum.l To make
perpetual ; to preserve from extinction or oblivioo. —
Fwr-ptfii-ftftloii, n.
Pirpt-tlll-ty (pSr/p^tuI-^), n. 1. Abehigperpet^
uaL 8. Something that is peipetuaL 3. Endless time.
Pm-ptaf (-plSks'), V. L [L. perpletarl to perplex,
entang^ : |)er^p2cnu entangled, intricate ; per -{- hleeterf^
plexum, to plait, braid.11. To involve ; to make mtricate
or complicated, and dOBcult to be unraveled or under-
stood. 2. To embarrass ; to trooUe with ambiguity, sus-
pense, or anxiety. 3. To vex ; to torment.
Syn. — To ratangle: involve; complicate; puzzle;
bewilder ; confuse : distract. See Embabkass.
Pm-tiimA' (-plSkstOi a. Entangled or confused;
anxious. — Par-plMI'«d4T (-pl8ks^-lj^), adv.
P«r-U«Sl-ty (-plSksT-tj^), n. A being perplexed or
puzzled; complication; bewilderment; doubt.
Pif'QIll^t* (pir^wT-zIt), n. [L. perqvMium^ fr.
perquirere, -qumtumf to ask for diligently; per -f-
gttaerere to seek.] Something gained over and above
one*s ordinary wages for servicee rendered ; fee allowed
bj law to an officer for a speciiio service.
Pinr»^lMt' (pir'r^-kStO, n. fF.I Pftrrakeet
llPir»liail»'(pt'rvk'),n. [F.] Peruke.
F9tVfiver^),n. [F. poird, fr. />oir<! pear, L. pirvm.]
A fermented liquor made from pears ; poar cider.
Pur^OUte (pSr'st-kut), V, L [P. persSaUer^ L. per-
sequU -sfculus^ to pursoe, prosecute ; per -f- sequi to fol-
low.] 1. To purrae so as to injure or afflict ; to afflict,
riish, or put to death, for adherence to a religious creed.
To harass. — FtfU^-COftOtf n, — Ptr^M-on'tlon, n.
Ptr'M-VW'ailM (-vSr'ans), f». A persevering; per-
sistence in any business, or enterprise begun.
Syn. — Persistence ; cmistancy ; pertinacity.
PtM9-Tera' (-v«rO, r. t [L. perteverare, fr.perse-
verut very strict ; per + teverus strict, severe.] To per-
sist in anythhig undertaken. — PWM-Tvr'lllC-ly, adv.
8yn.— ToPkbsbtsu: Coirmnni; Pkbsist.— The idea
of not laying aside is comm<>n to these words. Continue
is to do as one has done hitherto. To persevere is to con-
tintie in a given course in spite of discouragements, etc.,
in order to obtafai our end. To persist is to continue from
determination not to give up. Persist is used in a bad
arase, implying obstinacy in pursuing an unworthy aim.
llP«Mi'fUlC«' i^' ptr^s^'fl^h'; B. pSr'BT-flKsh), n.
[F., f r. persifler to ouiz, fr. L. per -f F. siffler to whistle,
hiss, L. sibUarey sijuare."] Imvolous or banterim; talk.
PW-fltm'toOll (pSr-sfm'mttn), n. rVirginia Indian.]
An American tree fonnd from New York southward ;
also, its fruit, like a plum, but astringent until exposed
to frost, when it becomes palatable and nutritious.
P«r-fltef (-•TstO, r. i' [L. persistere ; per + siMere
to be fixed, fr. stare to stand.] To stand firm ; to stay ;
to continue steiid fasti v, agalnxt opposing motives.
8yn. — See Pbhsbvbbb and Insist.
p. pr. of persistere."] 1. Inclined to persist ; tenadoua.'
2. Remauiing beyond the period when parta of the same
kind fall off or are absorbed; permanent. — Ptr-iilt'-
iot-ly, adv. — Pir-irisf 6IIM, Pir-fltol'fla-oT, ».
Pif'aoil (pSr's'u), n. [OE. & OF. persone^ L. persona
^ J — »- /.-_.j %^ ^ _ ^ ^
(used by actors), a personage, part, person, f r.
tmare to sound.] 1. Bodily form of a boman be-
ing; outward appearance. 2. A living, self-conaeioiis
per-f
fng; 0
'Oman, or child. 3. Among Trinitarians,
one of the three subdivisions of the Godhead (Father,
Son, and Holy Ohost). 3. One of three relations or con-
ditions (that of speaking, of being spoken to, and of being
spoken of) pertaining to a noun or a pronoun, also to the
verb of which it may be the subject.
Por'aon-a-llU, a. l. Having a well-formed person ;
presratable. 2. Legally enabled to maintain pleaa in
court, or to take anything granted.
Per'aoil-«fe(-tj;2),n. [F.prrMmna^.] 1. Eztenial
appearance, figure, air, etc 2. Character assumed. 3.
A notable person ; conspicuous character.
Por'lMB-Al (-al). a. [L. peraonaUs.'] 1. Pert, to
human beings as distinct from things. 2. Pert, to a
particular nerson, or to private concerns; not public or
generaL 3. Denoting person in grammar.
PtTMII-all-ty (-fi'T-tj^), n. 1. Individuality. 2. {
thing said or written about the person, ooodoct, etc, of
some individual, esn. something offensive.
Pif'aon-^l-ly, oav. 1. Inapersmialmanner;
son ; not by representative or substitute. 2. With i .
to an individuaL 3. As regarda one*s self. freal^. I
PWwm-al-tF, ». Personal property, as disUng. fr.|
Por'lMB-ate, «. t. 1. To assume the character of ; to
feign. 2. To perscmify ; to describe. »r. <. To play a
character. — Pwaon-ft'tloii, ». — PWaon-a'tor, n.
Par-aoal-ll-ca'tlMl (-^n^-n-krahOn), n. 1. A per-
sonifying ; impersonatimi ; embodiment. 2. A rhetorical
figure in whidi an inanimate object or abstract idea is
reweeented as endowed with personalty ; proeopopceia.
Par-MBl-fy (-fl), v. t, 1. To regard or represent as
a person, or as a rational being. 2. To impersonate.
II Ptr'aon'liel' (P. pir^sft'ntl^ B. pSr'sfin-nSl')* »•
[F.] Body of persons employed in some public service,
as the army, navy, etc ; — dieting, f r. maiirieL
P«r-«peo^tl¥»(p8r-siriSk'tTv),a. [L. perjpicere, -jpM-
tum^ to look through ; per -f* epicere^ speeere, to look.]
Pert, to the art, or according to the laws, of perspective.
— f». 1. What is seen through an opening ; view ; Tista.
2. Effect of distance upon the appearanoe of ob|eots.
3. The delineating objects so that they seem to lessen
as they recede from the eye. — PMr-«perav»4y, adv.
PWapl-oa'doilB (-spT-kl'shQs), a. [L. perspieox^ -eo-
eis, fr. perspieere."] Seeing clearly ; quick-sighted ; keen.
-PW«pio«>l-ty(-kIs^-ty),». ru perspieaeitas.}
PWapi-enl-ty (-kST-ty), n. [L. perspiettitas.'] 1.
The being perspicuous 2. 8«acity ; perspicacity.
Syn. — Perspicuousness ; plainness. See Clbakitl-,
Piw-Splo'll-OlUI (-spTk'fi-Qs), «. [L. perspicuuSf fr.
perspieere."} Clear to the understanding ; clear in thought
or ID expression ; not obscure or ambiguoos. — Ptr-^M/-
a-oos-ly, adv. — Ptr-mlo'Q-oiis-iMMi n.
Par-iVl]fa-bl« (-splr^bl), a. Capable of being per*
spired. — PoT-cplr'a-llill-ty, n.
Ptr'spl-nitlon (par^spT-rvshlin), ». 1. A perspiring.
2. That which is excreted through the sUn ; sweat
P«r-spln' (-epirOt V. i [L. perspirare to breathe
through ; per -f spirareJ] 1. To excrete matter through
the pores of the skin ; to sweat. 2. To be excreted, or
to exnde, through rnyres of the skin. « v. t. To sweat.
Per-miadt' (-sw«d'), v. t. [L. perswfdere^ -suasum ;
per -f suadere to advise, persuade.] 1. To influence hr
argument, advice, entreaty, etc. ; to draw to a determi-
nation by presenting sufficient motives. 2. Toconrince;
to cause to believe. 3. To inculcate by argument; to
H, 8, 1, 5, a, kmg ; &, fi, 1, ft, tt, t, short ; senate, «vrat, tdea, 6bey, Unite, cftre, iirm, Ask, ^n, final.
PERSUADER
« V. t To pl«ad ; to prevAll by
Syn. — To prevail ou : wto over ; entice. See CovrmoB.
Jfu-WUi'Mthlt (-awi'sT-bU), a. Capable of beiug per-
■naded. — PeF«iui'il-1»l«-a«Mk P«r-«iui'ii-1ill1^ n.
Fv-mui'ltoll 0>zhfin), f». 1. A perauading. 2. A
being perauaded ; lettled opinion. 3. A creed or belief ;
aect adhering to certain oplniona. 4. Perauaaiveneaa.
Byn. — See Cohtiotiom.
Ptr-MU'flTe (-elv), a. Tending to perauade; per-
mading. — iL An inducement ; incitement ; exhortation.
- Pwr-MU'fetV^-lT, adv. — Per-MUldVA-IMM, n.
Pwr-MU'ao-ry <-^-rf ), a. P^miaaive.
Ptrt (|^rt), a. [OB. & OF. apert open, free, impu-
dent.] Free, or pre turning ; aaucy ; b<Md.
Por-talB' (p8r-tii.0» V. «• [OF. partenir^ fr. L. per-
tinere to atratch out, reach ; per -f- tenere to hold.] 1.
To belong; to have dependence on aomething, aa an
attribute, etc ; to appertain.* 2. To refer to ■omething.
PiTtt-aa'doaS (pSr^tT-nVshlia)* a, [L. pertinax,
"VUieU; per 4- tenox tenadoua.] I. Holding obatinately
to any opinion or deaign. 2. Reaolnte ; persevering. —
Ptrtt-aa'olOIM-ly, adv. — Ptrti-MlfolOIM-IMM, n.
Syn. — Obattnate; stubborn; inflexible; unyielding;
resolute ; determiiwd : firm ; constant ; stcAdy.
Ptrtt-naol-ty (-nl^-tj^), n. The being pertinadoua.
Byn. — See OBBTorAcr.
Fw^lMBt (-nmt), a. [L. pertimau^ -neniiSt p. pr. of
pertinere. See Pbetadi.] Belonsing to the subject in
band ; adapted to the end propoeed ; material ; relevant.
— Pw^MBt-lT, adr.— Pof^tl-iMiioe, FerOl-iMn-ey, n.
BjUm — AppoMte ; relevant ; suitable ; appropriate ; fit.
Pirt^y (pSrfiy), adv. in a pert manner.
MHkn. The' '
419 PETREL
PM^(p8a^),a. Peateriog ; troablMOOM.
fe Low, v. S.]
PSfftoMS, f
» being pert
Ptr-tOltK (tiSr-tftrbn, r. t. [L. perturbare, -baium ;
p€r -j- turbare to diaturb. f r. twin disorder. ] To disturb.
Ptrtnr-lNl^tloa, n. [h.perturbatio.] 1. Aperturblng,
r being pertu
; agitation of mind. 2. IMaturbanoe
in the rmlar elliptic or other motion of a heavenly body.
Pw>i£»(p8r^).n. [P.,
A wig ; periwig.
(P^-WO* "• *• T^tet. per- -^ iu
through ; to read carefully. — Pe-rns^al, n.
P»-nu«' (p^rni';
'per- -\- HseT] To read
P•]^vadaf (p8r-vidO* v.'t. [L. pervadere, -vatum ; per
-H vadere to go, walk.] 1. To pass or flow throuffh, as
an aperture, pore, or interstice ; to permeate. 2. To
spread, or be diffused, throughout. — P«r-Ta'ltoll (-vi'-
sLun), ». — P«r-Ta'fl¥e (-siv), a.
way, p.
(-v8r8'),a. [L.pervemM turned the wrong
p. of pervertere to turn around, overturn. See
Feevmt."] 1.' Turned aaide, or awav from the right ;
willfully erring ; perverted. 2. Obstinate in the wrong.
— P«r-T«tM^, adv. — Pw-Tarae'naBs. n.
Srn. — PiBTnwB: Fbowabo; untoward; wajmrard;
stubborn ; intractable : cross ; petulant ; vexations. —One
who iMfroioatd ia capricious, and reluctant to obey. One
who iMperverm haa a settled obstinacy of will« and likes
or dialikaa in oontradktion to the will of othera.
Ptr-TffUlon (-vSr'ahfin), n. A perverting, or being
perverted ; change to aomething worse ; a timiing to a
wrong end or use. [perverse ; perversenesa. I
Ptr-Ttf'kl-tyC-tT.^),!!. tLperver9aa*.-\ A being!
P«r-V«r^rtve (-alv), a. Tending to pervert.
PMT-VWf (p8i^v8rr), V. t. IF. perverHTf L. pervertere,
-vertum ; per -\- vertere to turn. J To turn from truth,
rectitode, or propriety ; to lead astray ; to mis^>ply ; to
misiiiterpret destnieuy. ~ Pir-¥irt'0r, n.
Pii'fHl (pgr^vert), n. One perverted ; one who has
tanied to error, eep. hi religion. See Syn. of Comrssr.
PHVTtftl-lda H-b*!), a. Capable of being perverted.
PHM«as(-vT-ila),a. [L. j>err*»#; per -fria a way.]
Admitting passage; capable of being penetrated by
another substance ; nermaable. — P«rM4NIS-lieM, n.
|PM(p9s),i».;p<:PK»s(p8'd8s). [L., foot.] Distal
aBgineni of the bind limb of vertebratea, including tarsus
and foot.
revwouHB (•el-mTs'm). n. [L. peesimue worst,
superL of pt^ worse.] Opinion Uiat everycuiug in na-
ture ia ordered for the worst, or that tlie world is wholly
evU >~ opp. to opUmiem, — PWal-lBlat, n. — Pts'li-
• - PwHA-mls^.a.
(pSst),ii. Ih. peetii.'\ 1. A f atal epidemk di*.
ease ; pestilence: the plague. 2. A nuisance.
Pmw (pSa'tar), V. t. [OF. empaUtrier to entangle
the feet or lege, to embarrass.] To trouble ; to haraaa
with petty vexatiooa. — Pw'tOT-ar, n-
PtsTkonae' (pSatnioua^), n. Hospital for persons
infected with pestilential disease.
PM-ttr«r-0Bt(p«i-tTf'9rwQs),a. {Jj.peeti/enu;pettU
pest + /erre to bear.] 1. PesUbearing; pestilential ;
malignant ; contagioua. 2. Noxioua to peace, morale, or
aociety ; vicidus. — Pw-Uftr-ailS-ly, adv.
Pw^lanoe (-tY-hms), ». IF. ; L. peetilemHa,} The
phtfue; any contagioua epldemio diaeaae that ia virulent
anddevaatating.
Pw^lillt,a. tL.peetilen»,-tentU,fT.pedU.'\ Pea-
tilential ; noxioua ; pemidons. — Pi0li-lillt4y , adv.
P«rtl-lMlllal (-Wahal), a. 1. Like a i "
producing peatilence. 2. Mischievous; va£
aUy destructive. — Ptrtf-ln^tlal-ly, ad9,
PMttoCpSa^),*!. [UoiKiMMin,Ir.p<iiMfeto pound.
Implement for pounding substancea in a
i:
crush.]
mortar.
TojKHind, pulverise, brajr, or
i3B
2. Leg and leg bone of a pig, etc —v. I. & i.
_ _^ , pulverise, bray, or mix, with a pestle.
Ptt (pSt), n. [Formerly peat, perh. fr. Ir. pea/.] 1.
A lamb Drought iq> by hand. 2. A pers<m or animal ea-
pedally indulged: adarling. 3. A alight flt of peeviak-
ness. — a. Petted; cherished.— v. I. Tofoodle.
P«f •! (pft^ol), n. [Or. v^raAoi' leaf, plate of metal,
fr.ytfroAoc outspread, broad, flat.] One /r> -v,
of the leaves ox the corolla, or the col- f ^CSj/^ l^
ored leavea of a flower. [Ing petals. I
P«t'al-tf«r-0«t(-Tf^r-lb),a. Bear-
PM'al-lM (-Tn), Pir«l-0il (-old), 0.
Pert, to a petal; attached to, or like, a ^
petal. r — opp. to apetaloH*. I
P«fal-0Bt(-a8),a. Having petals;]
Pv-ttftt' (pt-tifapdO, n. [F. pitard, n^, . t ^
fr. pSter to crack, explode, L.pedere, P»«^», <>' Loen*
peditum.'} Case containing powder to be B'o»(»n.
exj^oded a^ndnst and breiui down gatea, barrioadee, etc
P«t1«-ltt (p8t^-«.lir), \ c. Pert, to a petiole, or pro*
P«tl-<hU-ry (-UUry), i ceeding from it.
JJJjJl^ }«. Having a stalk or petiole
PvHrOla (-91), n. [F. ; fr. L. petiolnt Uttle foot, fmtt
stalk ; cf. pee^pedU, foot.1 1. A leaf-
stalk; footatauc of a leaf, connecting
blade with stem. See lUmt. of Lbav.
2. A stalk or peduncle.
Ptt^CpJt^i/'.pe-ttaa. [F. See
Pvrnr.] Small; insignificant; mean.
Petit jury, a jiuy of twelve men, im- '
paneled to try cauaea at the bar of a
court; — dieting, fr. the grand jury.—
Petit laresay, the stealing of goods under
a specified small value ; — oim. tn orm^
/arr«nv.— Petttnaitrs(mitr*). rF..lit..
littie master.] A fop; coxcomb ;hMUea^ VtVM».
man. Ivy Leaf, show.
Pe-tJ^tlail (p*-tTshnin), n. [F. ; L. fnf : a Kti^e j
treaty ; asinfpeciauseinaprairer. 2. Formal requeat ad-
dressed to an oflldal peraon or body.— v.f.&i. TO requeat ;
to solicit. -Pe-tFtton-ar, n. — Pe-ttUoM-ry (A-ft)* a,
PvfM (p«fi«), n. [F. piM; dim. of Peter;--
prob. fr. St. Peter*» walking on the sea.] A long-wingad
sea bird of many spedee ; Mother Carey*s chicken.
fin, noMfe, teb, r^da, fyll, ttm, MM, tdhH, out, oil, oluir, go, sins, ink, then, Uiin.
PETRESCENT
420
PHENOMENAL
rMlM'SMl (i44iVMBt), a. [L. ptCraraok, •taw,
■^JU^
Or. Wrpa.1 Fetrifying. <
Pvm^ao'tfoiiCpit^-flk'ahfiii), PM'rl-tt«ftlta(-(T-
ki'ahfin), n. 1. A Mtrif ying, or duuigiiig isto stone ;
oonv«rttoii of orfanio matter (animal or vcMtahla) into
a atony labrtanoa. 2. A betngpotrifled. 3. Anytliing
petrifled ; an Inorustatioa 4. HardnaM ; obduracy.
IHiViUunSm (-tlT), P».tittlo (pt^lfOTk), 0. 1.
Able to Mtrlfy. 2. Pert, to petrifaction.
P^miF (-n). »• <. IL.petra-j-'Jif.'l L To convert
(animal or Tegetable matter) into ttaue or iteny rab-
■tanoe. 2. To make calloiuor obdurate ; to etopefy ; to
paralyse. •— v. i. To become stony « callous, or obdurate.
Pt-tIOl*-«m (pl-trQnt-fim), n. [NL., fr. L. petra a
rook + oletun oiL] Book oil.; mineral oil ; an inflam-
> liquid exuding or pumped from the upper strate
of the earth, and refined by distillation into kerosene,
bensine, gasoline, paraffin, etc
^tV^tt^Umf Ipt/trt'aT'), n. m, \ [F. ] One who usee
II MirolraM' (48a0f ^ /• t petroleum for in-
cendiary purposes.
Pi^tt-OOftt (p«tni.k5t), «. IPeitf + eoat.-\ A wo-
man*s undergarment, coTcring the body below the waist.
F«tai-l0t(-flSg),«.<. [Petty +/op to pettifog.] To
do a petty business as a lawyer ; to do law business in a
trickr way. — PMH-fOT fW» »• - PtTtl-f eff'gW-y, n.
Fwt^ljt adv. In a petty manner ; frivolously.
FtHlQMM, n. A being petty or paltry ; meanness.
Ptnilll ^tTsh), a. [Fr. pel.] Fretftd; peevish;
captious. — ratiih-ly, adv. — P»tllali*iieM, n
P*t1t.tO«l(-tT48s),n.irf. Toes or feet of a pig.
Ptm (-tj^), a. [OB. & F. petit ; prob. of Celtic orl-
[in. Oi,r — -" ' "
gin. Ox.PBnT.1 Little; trifling; inferior ; subordinate.
PtfOrlaiMM (-tt-lons ; 40), i n. The being petuUmt ;
Ptl^laa-OF (-lan-BJ^y. I capricious ill humor.
Sjn. — PvruLAiroa ; PmnrniDraBS. — PeevUfines* im-
plies a permanentiy sour, fretful temper ; petiUance tem-
porary or capricious irritati<m.
Pafa-lant, a. [L. petulam, 4anti9, prop., making
slight attacks upon, fr. petert to fall upon, to attack.]
Capriciously fretful ; irriteble. — PMIl-lailMy, adv.
Syn. — Irritable; peevish; oroes; querulous.
• P»-t1l1li« (pt-ttt'nY-i), n. [NL., fr. Bras, petun to-
baeoo.] A flowering hero with funnel-form ooroUas.
PtW (pu), n. [OB. petoe, OF. ptiie, parapet, balcony,
fr. L. podium elevated place, balcony in the drous, where
distinguished persons sat.] A compartment in a church,
having seato for several persons ; — sometimes called tiip.
PV^WM (pTwl), n. [Named fr. ito note.] 1. An
American tyrant flycateher. 2. The wood oock. lU.S.')
Pt'WttC-wTt),!!. [Prob. imitative.] (a) TheUpwing.
(6) The European blsck-headed, or laughing, guU. (e)
The pewee or tyrant flycateher.
FtW'ttr (pS'tSr), n. [OF. peutn, LL. peutrewn, pea-
iruin.} 1. A hard, tough, but easilv fusible, alloy of tin
with lead, etc 2. Utensils made of pewter.
n FlWBO-CA'tal^ (fS'nft-gi'mT-i), n.vl. [N. L. ; Or.
^o^vccr to show -(- y^Mor marriage.] The planto having
true flowers with distinct floral organs.
PIUi'V-tOB (fl^tSa), n. [F. phaiton a kind of carriage,
fr. Phaithon. See PhaMtbon, in list of Ddtiei in Appen-
dlxj A four-wheeled open carriage
PbAlanz (filKQks or fiQ'ankt), n. ; pi. E. Phalaicxbs
(45z), L. PBALARon (fA-lfci'jli). [L., fr. Or. 4»»Aay^.]
1. A body of troops in close array ; combination of people
flrmly united. 2. A digital bone of the hand or foot.
PIUUDltam (fXn'tlx^m), n. [L. phantatma.'} [Spelt
also fanttum.l 1. A mental image suppoeed to be real ;
optical illusion ; phantom ; dream. 2. A fancy : notion.
Pliaa-Ul'llia-fO^-a (-tlz'mi-gS'rT-A), n. [NL., fr.
Or. ^imuritM. phantasm -|- a>opd assembly.! I. An op-
tical effect produced by a magic lantern. 2. Apparatus
producing such an effect. 3. A medley of figures ; illu-
sive images.— PhAB-tafl'lllA-KOrlo (-g5r^k), a.
PlUttin»«F (finOi^), ». Fantasy.
Or. ^^waeiM, f
(-tOm), Ml [OF. /antotme. Lb mkm^ma,
, fr. ^oiMir to show.] Thai wuMh has only
tenoe; specter; phantasm; ideal iniat*.
Olffc" ' • "^
mal; hypocritical;
adv. — nari4Mi1»«l-iiMt« n.
•fSTi
kMlolflr'T.sinrk), \a, 1. like, or pert, to.
PlUtf'lWHl1»«l(-T.kal)." / the Pharisees. 2. For-
; self-righteotts.— Pharl^aflo-fll-ly,
„ (-T8*m), fi. 1. Notions, doctriaea, and
conduct of the Pharisees. 2. Bigid observance of eirter-
nal forms of religion, without genuine piety.
PkarO-lM (-sS), n. rOr. •apcffoior, fr. Heb. pirash
to separate.] One of a Jewish sect noted for stxict and
formal observance of ceremonies and toaditions of the
elders, whose pretensions to superior sanctity led tbos
to separate from the other Jews.
PllU'llia-oailtlO (fKr'mA^^Yk), ) a. Pert, to phar-
Pfear^Bia-oraftlMd (-tT-kal), ) macy.
PlUtf'BUI'OtlltiM,!!. Science of preparing medicinea.
Phar'llUHMIiaiit, PlUtf'BUI-dSt (-elst), n. One
skilled in pharmacy ; a druggist.
PlUtf'BUI-Odl'O-fT (-kSl'S-jj^), n. [Or. ^dip#ia«or drug
-f- -iogy.^ Knowledge of drun ; the preparing medl-
dnes. — Pliar<llia-€Ol'«-Ktot (-jlst), n.
PhaTBlA-OO-pCi^ (-ki-pe'yi), n. [NL., fr. Or. ^tf
tLOKOwotta prepuvtion of mediciues ; ^aptuuevif -f- «04«ir
to make] A book describing the drugs, preparatioDs,
etc., used in medicine.
FbMtmBrCy (-^), n. [Or. ^apfiMcttA, fr. ^ap#ia«cv«ty
to use medicines, fr. ^dptUxov.'l 1. The preparing and
preserving drugs, and compounding and dlspcuiaing med-
icines according to prescriptions of physicians ; occupa-
tion of an apotheoury or pharmaceutical chemist. &
Drugstore; apothecary^s shop.
Pia'rai (fS'rSs), f». [L., fr. Or. ^«pot, fr. Mfier an
island in the Bay of Alexandria, where Ptolemy PhUa-
delpbus buJTt n fairn^n •• '^-•^--=0 -j ^ llFhthoiiee.
Pharyil E e 'al { ^ :: 1 4-tT n'J* -al}, aU Pert.
t02or{n tfa'^ i4^i:i4«Ti i..L^ l.,. ^m.»x>il^.
PhWya ftc^t'o-tny C lu B«*'ft aif), ». [Phtsrynx 4-
Qr. WftMu t>r <:ut. j {») k tittUng into tlie pliarynz, to
remove a tiiruur. vUr. {b) S<?-«Tiflc»tion of the r>msils.
PIUUr'TU ifftKTykR), n, ; }ti. FuAiwaH (fi-rTn^).
pSL., tT.QT.<^a^vyt- u>7« ■ ] l**st of t be aliaiefn taiy canal
between mcur h o^id ^liiOphaguiiH, bitd which Ibt ochw opens.
Vham {i^ih 'Pha'Ms (ta^O. ». {Gr. <^4<nc, fr.
^«UMir toiiv^kt^ tn ii|k(kaar.] 1. Tliftt «liich ie f^xhibtted
to the eye ; ::^x : ^ riticjiu which uiytliUig mapiteite. 2. A
particular appearance or state in a regularly recurring
cycle of changes, as of the moon or planets.
PllMUKant (fSs'ont), n. [OF. /aisant, Or. ^a^uu^
(sc 6fi¥tt) the Phasian bird, pheasant, fr. *imt a river
in Pontus.] 1. A hirge gallinaceous bird, orig. of Asia.
2. The mired grouse, isouthem U. 8.'\
Ooldrn PhesMint ( TkawmaVii ptctay.
PlM'Blz (fS^Tks), 11. [Or. ^oin^.l [Written also
phcmix.'\ 1. A bird fabled to exist smgle. to be con-
sumed by fire by ite own act, and to rise again from ite
ashes. 2. A southern conateUatioo. [i
u Phm^o-calnl-a (fSn/ft-gi^T-A or fS'nft-), n. pl.\
FlM^nel (fS'nSl), n. [Or. ^'reiv to show + -e/.] A
crystalline substance produced by destructive distillation
of wood, coal, eto., and obtoined from ooal tar. It ia a
powerful caustic poison, and is used as an antiseptic.
Plie-afloi'o-iud (-nSm^nol), a. Pert, to, or like, a
phenomenon; extraordinary; wonderful.
ft, 8, 1, 8, 0, kmg ; &, C, I, &, O, t» short i ssnftte, <ven^ tdea, 6bey, lUdte, cAre, Mm, Ask, «]1, 2teL
PHENOMENON
421
PHOTO-ENGRAVING
[Or. ^tui^titvov^
r.J 1. An appear-
I Cft-n5mt-n9o), ti,
fr. ^ctirwotfai to appear, ^au^ty to show. .
ance ; whatever, io matter or apirit, ia i^parent to obwr-
Tation. 2. Rxtraordinary peraoo, thing, or occurrence.
PId'al (fi'al), n. [F. ftcU, L. pkiala a BhaUow cup or
howl. Or. ^uUi9.] A glaM bottle ; vial.
PM-lftlfdAr (fr-lXn^dSr), v. i. [Or. ^iAma^^pot fond of
men ; fcAoc lorinff -{- ^unjp man.] To make love to women.
nill^aB-tliroprlo (fTMn-throp^k), I a. Pert, to, or
PJdI'aB-tlimpilMa (-l-kol), } characterised
by, philanthropy ; loving mankind.
Phi-lAnnluro-pllt (f^Ubl'thrft.pTlit), n. [Or. ^tAay-
ipmm^ ; ^H^tt + oi^pwvoc man.] One who lovea man-
kind, and aeeka to promote the good of others.
pi^limllllO-ny, ». [Or. ^lAoytfpcMr^] Love to man-
kind ; dedre to do good to all ; — opp. to misanthropy.
Phl-lar»47 (n.Ut'«-»), n. [PJUto- + Or. Ar^«ta ex-
emption from tax ; of. fimk to send free.] Collection
of poetage stamps*
ndilUtf-inoiliO (fTFhKr-mOnnrk), a. [PAtfo- + Or,
' I harmony.] Loving harmony or music.
t (-hnn«n-l8t), n. [PAtfo- + Or. 'EAA^*'
a Oreek.] A friend of Oreece or of the Oreeks.
PWl1.W(fnt-bfa},»». FlUbeg. iSeol.]
Plli-lteW (fl-iTp'pifk), n. 1. An oration of Demos-
thenes, denoundng Philip, king of Macedon. 2. A decla-
mation abounding in acrimonious invective.
PllMla^tllM (-nsain), n. [L. PhUiUinut, Heb. Plish-
IM, pL PiUhtklm,^ 1. An inliabitont of ancient PhiUstis,
in southern Palesune. 2. One deficient in culture and
reftnement; one whose scope is limited to selfish and
material interests. [J2eoen/] — a. 1. Pert, to the Phi-
listines. 2. Uncultured; commonplace.
Pbi-lOl'a-gW (-IBF6-iSr), n. [Or. ^tAtSAovot, orig.,
fond of talkmg ; hence, fond of learning and literature ;
AcAof loving 4- Atfyof speech, discourse.] A philologist.
PJlll'»-lOc40H«I(fTl'ft-157r.kal),)a. Pertainhig to
Fbll'0-lorio(-15Jmi), ) phUology.
Pblrlol'0«T (fT-f»'«-iy)i le. [Or. ^tAoAoyio.] PhU-
oeophlcal study of language. Plli-ltfl'O-Clflt, n.
l^'0-m«L(ni^^mil)>|iIl'o-IMla(-mBa4),n. [Or.
44A0»fti|A«, fr. ♦(AoyufAa (daughter of Pandion, king of
Athens), who became a nightmsrale.] The nightingaje.
PUl'OHM'lBa (•pC'ni), ft. [Prob. corrup. fr. O. He/-
tiebcket^ Ut., much loved ; but influenced' by Or. ^ot
fn'eiid, }d.\\i\ L. pnrua p&iialt>^.] A gilt lojwie m n T^irfeit
lEi a fiiiiir pJ II yen J in ^-jirioiu wvys; tbn ficiuim itaelr.
PhU o-pro- t«zi'l-tlT«^n tu ( \ Tl ft-] ►rJl-ja i I'l - rl v tj««),
N, [ i^kth^ -\- L- 1^ rttQfH U4 otStprhig. ] Lavu uf otti^ n tig ;
fcpiidiiee* fnr ctiihlreD^
tovEnc -f- ff9^G wl««,] Ik One wUo pEul(jLV>ph£ie^ ; one
vened in pMlcwopliy. 3. One wlia rmliic^^ the priuci-
pl«S of plitiijiiopliy to pr^kctl^'.^ in lite ratirlnrt of liffl.
FblkB.^i'.'j' r ? *:':^r.,.. .■ ify.*tn[J? whkii thi^Ui-he-
miati.-.^, ■. L ■ -Mr-,-. ■ sin^tals into sold-
nn'9-waiSltflC (fn'«-s0fak), \ a. Pert to philosophy ;
PfeU'OHMplllo-Al (-Y-kal), } veiled hi the princi-
ples of philosophy ; eharacterising a philosopher ; ration-
al: wise : calm ; cool. — PUl'O^opillo-al-ly, adr.
ni-lM'O-plllm (n-lSs^ft-nsMn), n. Spurious philos-
Ofi^: love of sophistry. — Phl-lfMl'o-pllllt, n.
nl-UM'O-plllM (-flz), 9. i. To reason like a philoso-
pher ; to search into the reason and nature of things.
Plll-lfMi'O-pliy (-9), n. [Or. ^iAocro^'o.] 1. Love of
wisdom ; knowledge of phenomena as explained by, and
resolved into, causes snd reasons, powers and laws. 2.
A particular philosophical system or theory ; hypothesis
explaining particular phenomena. 3. Practical wisdom ;
stoicism. 4. ReasonUig ; argumentation. 6. Course of
sciences read in the nohools. 6. Treatise on philosophy.
PllU'lar (fTKt^r), n. [Or. ^t'Arpoy, fr. ^lAeZr to love,
^iAof dear.] A charm to excite love.
PaIs ((Tx), n. [Coutr. fr. physiognomy.'] The face.
Plile-bot'0-my (fii-bOft-mj^), n.
^«^, ^«/Stff , vein ^ r^Lvtw to cut.'
veiu to let blood. — " " '"
Pkmm(fl<m),
[Or. ^c^oroyua;
J An opening a
I.
[L. pA/«ffin<i, ft. Chr. ^/maa flame,
inflammation, pMegm, humor m the body, f r. ^A^iy to
bum.] 1. One of the four humors which the ancients
supposed to compose the blood. 2. Viscid mucus secreted
excessively in the respiratory and digestive passages.
3. Sluggishness of temperament ; dullness ; coldness.
PlltoC-mariO (flfe-mltaiO, a. [Or. ^KrniarutAtA
1. Abounding in phlegm. 2. Oenerating phlegm. 9,
Not easUy excited ; sluggish. —Phlaff-maflaill-ly, ndv.
PhlO-gte^OB (fl«-jTsa5n), ». [NL., fr. Or, f^vytcrr^
burnt, f r. ^kr/i^tw to set on Are, fr. ^Aif, ^Aoytfv , bUue.]
In old chemistry, the hypothetical principle of fire, or
inflammability ; caloric. — PUo-gii'tIO, a.
Phlox (fl5ks),fi. [Or.^A^.] An American herb, hav.
ing showy red, white, or purple flowers.
NPfeO'MCfS^),!!. [L] A genus of seals.
PbO-IMno (f6.n8t^), a. [Or. ^nrui^. fr. ^mi
sound.] 1. Pert, to the voice. & BepreseutUig sounds.
PbO-lMflOi, m. 1. Science of sounds; phonology.
2. The representing vocal sounds by written characters.
Plu/ne-tlst (fd'nt-tTst), n. One versed hi phonetics.
Phonfle (f Sn^), a. Pert, to sound ; acoustic.
Phonlos (-Tks), n. Phonetics.
PhO'no-graph (fIS'nft-grAf), n. iPhono- + -graph.]
1. A character or ^mbel representmg a sound, esp. one
used in phonography. 2. Instrument to register and re-
, "" 1s. as articulate speech, music, etc.
, One versed in
>ph(
a. 1. Pert, 'to
PlM^no-graphllHll (-grlfa-kal), \ phonography. 2.
Pert, to, or done by, the phonograph.
PbO-noCn-pliy (-nBg'ri-fy ), n. [PAono- ■\-;praphy.]
1. Science of tne human voice, or of speech. 2. Repre-
sentation of sounds hy characters: Miorthand writing.
3. Construction or use of the phonograph.
( ^- </ , 1" J- . 'I X <-^'x
They alio Mrve who only stand and wait. Milhm.
Phonographic Charseter*.
PhO-llOl'0-gy(-n51'ft-jy),n. [PA<mo--f./oflfyO Science
of eleraentarysounds in speech ; phonetics. — rho-nol'-
o-|lBt, n. ^ Pho^no-lofoo (-n^-iBjTk), -logio-al, a.
rllO'llO-type (-uA-tlp), n. [Phono- -j- type.] A type or
produce audible sounds, aa articulate speech, music, etc.
PbO-aOf'km-PlMr (•nQs'rArfSr), 11. X One versed in
phonography. 2. One skUIed in the use of the phonograph.
no^BO^fnph^ (fynft-giifOk), j c -^ •* '
Method of phonetic
character used in phonotypy.
PfaO-nofy-pF (-n5tT-py), n.
printing of the English language.
Plloi^VIUIto (fSs'ftt), n. A salt of phosphoric acid.
PlUW^IlIt* (-flt), m. A salt of phosphorous acid.
PfaM'pllor (-f5r), n. The planet Venus, when the
morning star ; Lucifer. {Poetic]
Phos'plior-ato (-at), v. t. To impregnate, or combine,
witli phosphorus or its compounds.
PllM'pbor-MMW (-68^), V. i. To shine like phosphorus.
PhMTpllor-M'oeiloe (-s^ns), n. 1. A being phosphores-
cent ; a phosphorescing. 2. A phosphoric light.
Pboa'plior-M'ouit (-ixnit), a. Shining with phoi>
phone light ; luminous withoutMauible heat.
PlUM-phOl'lO (-fSrmt), a, "X Pert, to, like, or con-
taining, phosphorus. 2. Phosphorescent.
Vhaa^pbiOK'im (-fis). n. [L., morning star. Or. ^ma-
f6poi^ lit., light bringer ; ^tSn light -|- ^ptw to bring.]
1. Tlie morning star ; Phosplior. 2. A poisonous non-
metallic element of the nitrogen group, so combustible
that it must be preserved under water, and giring a faint
glow, — whence its name. —Vho^Tfiua-OUM, n.
PllO^ (fo't*), n. Colloq. contr. of photograph.
PllO'tO-eil-gny'illg (-^n-grivang), n. The obtafaUng
an etched or engraved plate from the photographic image,
to be used in printing ; picture produced by such prooeea.
fSm, recant, 6rb, r)|de, f^, ft^^ food, fo^ot, out, oil, cbair, go, sins, ink, then, Uiln.
PHOTOGRAPH
422
PIANO
Pictiiri* L»l»tjd!ii^i1 by phcitogrEi|i}iy. '— i . t. To teke ft like-
Dti* iif ly |tli^>tMffT^phy, —f.t Ta take photogTftphft.
— pho-tM'ra'pher i-i5g'f^-r^T). ^^ - Pli©'to-fnijBllo
Pho-tog'ra pliy i uV'rA-fyl, ». [Pfn'to- +-frapAy.]
L Bcbe:iK'u uJ 4k}«i ftctiMn uf ii^ht on at^iihiUve bodlea in
pTttducinK picturejit f\xltig triuiiri^iK, «^tc. 2. The produ-
clBff picturtw by tlii« jwtiwij of lipbi,
Ww^to-Uth'o-mph (-lA-iUh'BirrAJv t. [PAoTo- -J-
lilhii^rapk* J A ht 1ih jf^ r a|i lilc pk'tu rt i^ r ih j py from a •tone
pnpareSl by ^*\ of phot^vriphy^ — r, i. To produce (ft
pktnrp, a r^ipv) Vfy p1if)to]1tfauffni,phy.
Flioto-U thoi'raphy ( Il^thVfir^fy). n. TUe pro-
d utM ] Eh^ p.1 1 1 1 i r J . 1 1 1 i I f-pgritplH,
PbO-tom'o-Kr ( iStn'^t^rl, n. [Phnto- -\- -meter.']
ImlTiuuaut fur iiitraf urinfr IntfiihitY of UgUt, orcompftring
re]Ativ€^ iDtcii;nitLe>4 of d life rout liK^it.^
P1krM« {triit^ n. [¥., tr. L. pknuit diction. Or.
ipdffitf (f. ^p4^tir ta BpBftk,] 1. A linef ezpreuion.
. A pltUy i7ip^iiifoti i «sp-« an« often employed; ftn
idhiiufttic turn of ftpiMf«h. 3. Furin of 4!]:«eon ; diction.
— r. r To <?KpH"*» in it^wHlUf wonl»; to cftli ; to etyle.
PhTft'MHQl'thfT {frEi*^6K^'JJ>, n, [Or. ^pao-tc,
^piaw,¥% -\- ^'>fftf.] M^iiiirr of 63ipTP.«4iaa ; pecuiiftrity
of dictiyn ; »tyl*. -PIlTAM^lOC'lO (-? 15^^), a.
4iiffil/ . ] X^ Of ieuctt uf t hr tkprc [«J f ii ticti e>i v » of tbe WTerftl
pftrtu of th« hntin^ or of the siippoHed conn action between
the ftciiltlen of thf tnbnJ im\ ntf^nv in ttae brftin. S.
PliyHlE>Jo|tJ^t4l hy]K>thu«aM that niiriiLiil f^riiltieft,ftnd trftita
of c^iftr4ict«^ ar^ i^iowyt on tlu' Mirfftcu of the heftd or
Bkiiii ; tmiiini.rijy. — Piire-aoiro-giat< «. — Pbran'o-
nfttivenwis 2 PhUnpmicenUivrncw t '3 ConccntrmtircneM t
I Inhabitivcneaa i 4 Adhesivrntw t S CombntlveneM i H De-
A Chart of Phrenoloffjr.
1 AniatiTen«««
Salnhabitir
■tmctivrneM t A a Alimen'tvpneM i 7 SverctirencM : R Ae-
JuinitiTenns i 9 ConttnictiveneM i 10 Self-CKterm : 1 1 T/ivc of
tpprohatton I IS Cautiouvnns; 1.1 Benevolence t 14 Venera-
tion t lA F^rmneM i IB ConKient1onsne«» t 17 Hope i 16 Won*
der I 19 Ideality t 19 a (Not determined) : SO Wit t 21 Imita-
tion : 2S Indivldniility : t\ Form t 24 Size i 2-1 Weight : '3i
Coloring t 27 1.oc«lity : 2h Number ; 2!« Order : *i Kvcntnality :
SI Time ( 32 Tune : Xi Lanciiafe : "4 Companion : .15 Cau>
•ality. [Some rairc the number of orfans to forty-three.]
PfenMr (frihM), n. & r. f. Vnauf,
PlUldsle (tTiOk), n. Phtbidft.
Pktkla'lMd(-Mcai),Plitklalok-y(-Tk.na- But.
tophthiaia; waiting; oontumptiTe.
PhthPato (thPafa), n. [L., fr. Or. 4«Mnf, fr. 4$Ui9
to wftate ftway.] A wftating or conaumpticm of tbe tie*
•uea; pulmonftry conanmption.
Phy-Odl'O-ffy (n-kSl'ft.Ji^), ». [Or. ^Saoc Mmweed +
•hoy.l Science of alcse, or Mftweeda.
tlKf-Ul^tU-J i-uSi'aT-f), ji. [Or. ^wAoKT^pier, fr.
^v^aitrip watcher; ^vAaevfcr to goftrd.] 1. Cbftrm
worn fta a preaenrative from danger or diwMe. 2. Bi
itaining acriptural paaaftgea, worn by Jewa dn
tbe time of prayer. [a leaf.
Pliynoid(fnaoid).a. [PhyUo-4--4rtd.} Reaembling
Pkylloz-e^ (.]5ka^r*), ti. tNL., fr. Or. ^AAov
toaf + fWMSf dry.] 1. A amaU hemipterooa intect allied
to the aphida, which attacka roota and leaves of grape*
Tinea, often kiUing the vine. 2. Diaeased condition of a
vine fiauiod by thia Inaect.
Plips^ (na^k), n, [F. phytiqne. Or. ^wur*, fr. ^wt-
K&t natural, f r. ^vvk nature.] 1. Art of beaUns diaeaaea ;
•dence or practice of medicine. 2. A remedy for dla*
eaae ; medicine. 3. A medicine that pnigea ; a cathartic.
— V. I. 1. To treat with medicine ; to operate on as a
catbkrtic ; to puree. 8. To heal ; to cure*
PfaTtfO^ (-T-kal), a, 1. Pert, to nature (aa includ-
ing all created existencea) ; in accordance with the laws
of nature ; material. 2. Pert to physics, or natural
philosophy; treating of tbe causes of natural phenom-
ena. 3. Perceptible through a bodily or material organ-
isation; external.— Pliyslo-«l-l7,ff<fr.
PllT-flPolAB (fT-alah'an), n. [OF. pkytieien.] One
akilled in physic ; a doctor of medicine.
PkfSl-OWt (fTsnr-sIit), n. One reraed in phyaica.
" (-Tka), n. Science of nature, of natural ob>
jecta, and of tbe lawa and propertiea of matter, and forces
acting upon it ; natural philosopbY.
Pkm-0g'kl04By (-T-Vn^nf )> "• [Or. ^»yieyi»w»to
r£a ; ^voiv nature -(- ynufM^r a judge, n*. yntvau, YtyMa-
ffxccr, to Imow.] 1. A discoTsring the characteriatic qual-
ities of the mhid, by outward appearance, esp. bv the
features of the face. 2. Conflgturatioo or expression of
countenance, aa denoting character. S. Oeneral aspect
of a tbintr, without reference to it* scientific < ~
iaUca. — Pirrol-orao-iiMr, Plnnrior&o-mlst, «.
Atfyev diaconrse.] 1. Sdenoe m. the j^enomena of Ut-
iog orffanlama ; rtudj of prnri^yiy lucldetital trt l^ff. 2.
Tr'-i.tls*,' I'fii phyftinl-irv. - Phyi'l-ol'^o^fDr, Pltys]-ol^
gist f jt ^i >, n - Fliyi l^loig'la .; -A-lii^nk , . -Joglc-al.a.
PhysidUtMfT-ieV),". [**** !5«ePHY*JC.j ^ atunJ
COri^UttiTioii. c^r phyploa) ^tructiihR, of a iMraDn.
Pby Uv'<v-roiw 'ttl-tTv'n.rtU)» a. [fAyl*- H- i* "K
rorr ti. r.(t frnn'tllij.] Ye^Wnfi on |>!|an1^ or htrha|ti«i«
Pby- tOg^- phy t t Sfi'r *-fJ X w . IPhyt^.^ -ffraph§.}
Til** ifj*A.'ri».iMji T»lAiitA ByAt&matlcally.
Phy tol'0-ffy { fWft-if), 11. [/"%/«- 4 -/<i^.] gdenos
of [iL.Lut'; : LJr:H..-T:|pUaij of pljuit* ; bofauT.
Phy toph'a gOQ> MOf'fc-PfliB)t n. [Phitto- H- Or +*
y^lff Xa <>*it, ] F^pOinff on pLuita; hwhiFOTOwa.
PI (pi Si, f* ([TLvrli- f r- pif mtk^y^f*^ alludinv to )t« Dolxad
ooloni.} A miM of typo confiiAflMly miJ»d!^f. L To
put llypc) iuto a e)ijinr<1nr>«'4l ^^ndttlot) [ todiaamaifatbv
typft of. [Written ftl«o ^ttf. ]
. PI' A mA'tAT (rl^* inl't?r>. [L. pia tender + maUr
m<ttiiF^r.^ M'^niHmn« iTiVfnthifr brain and P>p[uali cord^
! PI A nlB'sl mo ( pS' 4-iJ T b'pT f nft }, n. { II . . «ip*rj. ol
piifiio. ] V^ry Mjit ; — a diro^lon Ui etpciite a tuudoil
psj^iiatfi:^ (ifl ihnftty an fioitalb)«, (Abbr. ^i.)
PI aii'lst ti>T-fci/l«t^. n. Pfrrfoniier on thf iHan&
' Pla'ttO * pf-S'nft >, ft. A nfiv, [li,^ e-^trnt^ f. nuHntti, idt,
fr. I>. f^ouHr \p\t^\.] Kijn ; — a t1irfl<-timi t* etKmt* m
mijural paavigi* Tvith dimLniahrd tome. (Abbrer. p^>
1, 8, 1, 5, 0, long ; &, «, I, tt, tt, t, short ; ssnIUe, (rent, tdea, Obey , finite, cAre, Krm, Ask, ftn, fiaaL
PIANO
PU]|'0(pT-4n'»),
f4ea I
than a
In. [It piano -|>/t>rfe strong,
,.S £r. L. /or/i«.] MuMcal iu-
•trament oonwiating of » series of wires of graduated
length and tensloa, struck by hamiuers moved by keys.
n-Ml«r (-&A8r), n. [It. piattra thin plate of metal,
dollar.] A nlver ocrfn of Bpafu, etc.
Pi«a^ (-^(>'>i)i »• [It., market place, L. p/a<ea
street, courtyard.] An open square in a Europeau town ;
arcaded and roofed gallery ; portico ; veranda.
Ptftoodl (pS^Sk), n. [Gael, piobaireachd pipe music,
fr. piobabr piper, fr. pMn bagpipe. 1 A Highland air ;
airplayed on the bagpipe when Highlanders go to battle.
n'oa (pPki), n. [L., magpie.] 1. Genua of Mrds in-
dudliw magpies. 2. A printing type of two sizes, #ma//
Aea OMxt Larger than long primeOt Mid pica (larger
aauUl i^ca, and smaller than English).
This line is printed mpica.
H^^Tbis line is printed in small pica.
liPlo'A-dor'(pME/&^ftrO,n. [Sp.] A mounted lancer
In a bullfight who receives the first attack of the bulL
Pl(Kft-Vlin»^ (pTk'A-un^), n. [Oarib word.] A small
diver eoua worth 6 M cents. [Xoca/, U. 8."]
Plo'oa-lllll (-k«.inaT), n. An East Indian pickle.
DPlo'0O-lo(-k«-ld),n. [It., small.] 1. A small, shrlU
flute, pitched an octave higher than the ordinary flute.
2. Small upright piano. 3. Organ stop of piercing tone.
Plok (pTk), V, U [Akin to O. pickeny F. pUpierA
1. To peck at, as a bird with ito beak; to strike at with
anytiiing pointed ; to pierce ; toprick. 2. To separate
or open with a sharp point. 3. To <^>en (a lock), as by a
wire. 4. To pull apart or away ; to pluck ; to gather
(f mit from a teee, feathers from a fowl, etc.). 6. To se-
lect : to culL 6. To gather from bereand there ; to col-
lect.—v. 1 1. To eat by morsels; to nibble. 2. Todo
anything nicely or by attending to small things. 3. To
■tttsl; to pOfer.—n. 1. A shiurp-pointed tool for pick-
ing;—often in composition; as, toothpicA, ptcMock.
2. A heavy irm tool, curved, and wielded by a wooden
kandle inserted in the middle, — used Iqr quarrymen,
roadmakers, etc 3. Ohoice ; right of selection. 4. That
which would be |4cked or chosen first ; the best.
Plok'a-lllB'nT (pTk'A-nTn'ny), n. [Sp. pequetio little,
young.] A small child ; esp., a negro or muldtto infant.
Via^taf )(-Ik»'),n. [Corrup.ofF.picoif.] A pick
Ptok'ta*' 1 with a point at one end, transverse blade
at the other, and handle at tlie middle.
Plok'«a (pTkt; often pTk'Sd, esp. in sense 1), a. 1.
Pointed ; sharp. 2. Having a pike or spine on tlie back ;
— said of flsbea. 3. Carefully selected ; choeen.
Plok'vr, n. 1. One that picks, — as, one who uses a
pick ; one who gathers ; a thief ; pick ; pickax. 2. Ma-
chine for pickii^ fibrous materials to pieces.
Plok'vr-tl, n. A freshwater fish of the Pike kind.
Plok'et (-et), n. [F. piquety dim. of pique spear,
^e.] 1. A pointed stake. 2. Pale for making fences.
8. A detached body of troops serving to guard an army
from surprise. 4. Piquet, a game at cards. —v. /. 1. To
fortify with pointed stakes. 2. To fence with pickets or
pdtoa. 8. To tether to a picket. 4. To guard (a camp
or road) by an outlying picket.
PloklllC, n. 1. A diggmg or breaUntr up« as with a
irfck. 2rA choosing or gathering. 3. That which is
picked or gleaned. 4. Pilfering ; that which is pilfered.
^lO'klAi-k^Oin. lCt.D,pekei.\ 1. (a) A solution ol
Mlt and water, for preservmg fish, meat, etc ; brine.
it) Vinegar for preserving vegetaUei. fish, oysters, etc.
2. Any vticle of food preserved in brtne or vinegar. 3.
A bath of dilute sulphuric or nitric acid, etc.. to remove
burnt sand, scale nut, etc., from cast metal, or to improve
the color. — r. /. To preserve or season in pickle.
PtoklOOk' (-18k' )t n. 1. An instrument for picking
locks. 2. One who picks locks ; a thief.
FIQ
Pl0k']^00lB'et(pTk'FBk'8t),n. One who steals arkldlea
from pockets.
Plirillo (-uTk), n. TSee Pick, r.l Excursion, whoia
members liave a repast 7 usually in the open air, and from
food carried by themacdves}. ^ v. i. [imp. & p. p. VtO'
HiCKSD (-uTkt) \ p. pr.A vh. n. Pwhickixo (-mk-Ing).]
Togo on a picnic ; to eat in picnic fashion.
no-tOlri-«l (-tS'rT-al). a. FL. pictorius, fr. pietor
painter, f r. pingere to paint.] Fert. to, or illustrated by,
pictures ; grapliic. — no-tO'H^l-ly, adv.
PllKtim (pTk'tflr; 40), n. [L. piefuroy fr. pingtre^
pidum.'] 1. A representation (of a person, landscape,
building, etc.) upon canvas, paper, or other surface, pro-
duced by painting, drawing, engraving, photography,
etc. ; a representation in colors; figure ; modoL & An
image or a resemblance ; representation to the eye or
mind. — r. /. To draw a resemblance of ; to represent.
Syn. - PiCTDWs ; PAnrriNO. — Every representation by
drawing or painting is a piciurty whether made with oQ
colors, water colors, pencil, crayons, or India ink; a
paintmg is a picture made by colored paints.
Plo'tlir-MqiW' (-SskQ, a. [It. pittoruco.'] Formfa^
a pleasing picture ; graphic; vivid.
II PPCUS (pfkfls), n. / pi. Pici (pFsl). [L., a wood-
pecker.] A genus of woodpe< *
PWdl0(pfd'd»l),i _ . . .
deal in trifles. 2. To be squeamishly nice about one's
food.
Pto (pOt »• [Cf. Ir. A OaeL ntphe pie, Oael. pig»
earthen pot.]^ Baked paste, containing fruit, meat, etc
Pto, n. [F. ; L. ptca ; cf . pieut woodpecker, pmaere
to paint.] 1. The party-colored magpie, or bird of allied
genera. [Written also pye.1 2. The Roman Oatholio
service book. 3. Type confusedly mixed ; pL
Plentald' (pin>f|ldO, a, [iHe par^-colored bird +
bald.1 1. Having spots and patches of black and whita,
or other colors ; mottled ; pied. 2. Mixed.
~" ' " ' .^ ^ -- ^j.^ -,
„ . , „. . „. biwak-
•rtion. 2. A deflnite portion or quantity.
v.i. [Cf.8w.pefa to pick.] 1. To
(pSs), n. [F. pi^y LL. peeia, petia.l 1. A
•• • r, splitting, 1 •
„, ^.: a portion, a. A definite portion or qua
3. An individual article ; distinct single effort of a series.
part of anything separated by cutting,
ing, etc< -...-..
. 'ix> unite; toynn; socommne.
ll' (pSs^mO'), adv. [OE. peeetnele; mm
mmi part.] 1. In irfeces, parts, or frag-
Piece by piece; by littie and Uttle in sno-
^v. L&i. 1. To makeor repair, by addition of pieces;
to patch. 2. To mdte j^ to join ; toomnbine.
piece 4- AS. m
ments. 2. Piece 1 , .
cession, ^a. Made'up of parts or irfeces ; separate.
Ptod (pid), a. [Fr. pie party-colored bird.] Piebald.
Pla'l^aiir (pi'plXnt'), n. Garden rhubarb.
Ptor (pjBr)f *». [OF. piere a stone, fr. L. petfn, Gr.
Wrpo.] 1. Mass of masonry supporting weight or stiffen-
ing a wall. 2. A projecting wharf or landing place.
Pier glass, a high and narrow mirror put up between
windows. — Pier table, a table to stand between windows.
(pSrs), V. t. & i. [F. pereer, OF.perrier.]
1. To penetrate with apointed instrument. 2. To enter ;
to pass through. 3. To affect deeply.
FP«-tlsni (p!t-tTE*m), n. 1. Principles or practice of
the Pietists. 2. Strict devotion ; affectation of devotion.
Pl'e-tlst, n. One of a class of German reformers who
sought to revive plely In Protestant churches; — often
applied to those making a display of religioua feeling. —
Pt'e-tlst, Pl'e-tia'tlcuPl^e-tte'tlo-al, a.
Pl'e-ty (-^), n. [F. piiU ; L. pietas piety, fr. pHu
pious.] 1. veneration of the Supreme Being, and love
of his character ; loving obedience to the will of God.
2. Duty ; dutifulness toward parents, country, etc
Syn. — Devotion ; godliness ; holiness. See Rsuoioir.
Tig (pTg), n. [Cf. D. bigge."] 1. The young of swine ;
any swine : a hog. 2. Any wild species of tlie genus Sue
ana related genera. 3. [Cf. Sow, channel for melted iron.]
An oblong mass of cast iron, lead, or oUier metal. 4. A
greedy person. [Loo?] ^v.t.&i.l. To bring forth (pigs);
to farrow. 2. To huddle together like pigs, in one bed.
fin, ne^nt, teb, r^de, f^, Am, ftfbd, ftfbt, out, oil, cbair, go, sins> iok, then, thin.
PIGEON
424
PINE
Plfftoa (pti'liii), n. [F.. fr. L. pMo a TOODf chirp-
Ing bird, fr. pinire to chirp. J 1. A bird of the order Co-
lumb«, found in nearlv mil jMirts of the world. 2. A Tic«
tim of aharpers : a guU. (Slana"]
FIgMB Zagllah [peni. oorrup. of ousineu Englith]^ a Kro>
tMQue dialect, emoloyed in communication between for-
Pl'gMDlMto'C-hSlO.ii.
to kMD lettera, doeument
BMti in a donoote. —v. t,
•ign merchanta and the Chinese. Its base ts English, with
a mixture of Portagneae and Hindooatanee. — ngeoa bola.
(a) A hole for pigciona to antar a pigeon hoose. (b) See
Bmall compartment in a deak ,
ioeumenta, etc., resembling compart-
M. —V. L To place in the pigeoohola
o< ft caUncft ; to pot awajr ; to lay aside indefinitely.
Flf'ltB (pVgTn)* »• [Soot. ; ef. Gael, pigeon, dfan.
of ptMaifA, pige^ earthen Jar.] A wooden tub with an
imght stave for a handle. — often uaed as a dipper.
PIritek GgYsh), a. Like a pig ; greedy.
Pir-kMld'«d (-bUOM), a. Having a head like a pig ;
itupialy obstinate ; perverse ; stubborn.
Flg'ttitBt, n. [Lb pigmetUum, fr. root of pingen to
paint.] 1. Any materiu from which a dye, paint, etc.,
inav be prepared. 2. Any colored subetanoa found in ani-
mal and vemtable tis^esand floida.
jm' {-th\ n. L Tail of a pig. 2. A cue, or queue.
• (pik), n. [F. pigue. ] 1. A foot soldier'* wooden
ataff, wito a pointed steel head, now superseded by the
bayonet. 2. A spike. 3. A turnpike ; toll bar. 4. ting.
' large freah-water food flah ; pickereL
(pikt or pTkOU), a. Furnished with a pike ;
& nf. A large freah-water food flah ; pickereL
PIlBtd (pIkt or pTkOU), a. Furnished witl
enditlif in a point ; peaked; pointed.
nuhMt (pik'stifO, ». 1. Shaft of a pike. 2. A
ataff with a spike in the lower end, to prevent slipping.
Pl-Uyi^tr (pT-lisOSr), n. [F. pUattre, LL. pilastrum^
fr.L.ptfd pillar.] A square oolumn, pro- =. — . ^
Jeoting partly from a waU. r^
PU'<Bfyurd(pn'chSrd),n. [Cf . Ir. ptf-
Mir, W. p/lood minnows.] A small Euro-
pean food flah resembling the herring.
PUt (pD), n. {hTpSut hair.] 1. A
hair; nap of carpeting and velvet. 2. A
oovering <d hair or fur.
Pfl«,fi. [A8. pi/ arrow, atake,L.oiliiin
Javelin ; also L. ptla pillar.] Stake or
pointed timber driven into the earth, to
support a bonding, pier, etc., or to form a
ooRerdam« etc — v. I. To drive pUea
into; to strengthen with pilea.
Pile, n, [F. ; L. pOa piUar. pier.] 1. Mass of thinn
heaped together; heap. 2. A funeral pile: pyre. 3.
Mms of bondings. 4. Series of alternate diaks of two
dissimilar metals, aa copper and zinc, peculiarly arranged
to produce a current of electricity ; — commonly called
Voiia** pile, voUaie pOe, or galvanic pile. — v. /. 1. To
layin a pile ; to heap up ; to amass. 2. To All ; to load.
FttM (pni), n. pf. [UptfabalL Cf. Pnx, medicine.]
Small tumors about the anus ; hemorrhoids.
PUfW (pTKfSr), v.i,&t. [OF. pel/rer. See Pblt.]
To steal in a email way ; to fllch. — PU'ftr-«r, n.
Pn-ggfOlO (-gitrnik), A. One who has lost his hair by
disease; a poor wretch.
PU'gilm (-grTm), n. [OE., f r. L. peregrinus foreigner,
fr. pereger abroad ; per -f ager land.] 1. A wanderer ;
stranger. 2. One who visita a holy place aa a devotee.
PU'gllnMIC* ('^J ; 2), n. Journey of a pilgrim ; jour-
nev to a shrine or sacred place ; loumey at human life.
Srn. — Journey ; tour : exoundon. See Jouexvt.
nil (pTi), n. {¥. pilule, L. pilula piU, little ball, dim.
of L. pOa baU.1 1. Medicine in the form of a little baU,
to be swaUowed whole. 2. Soraethiniir nauseous.
PUOam (pnitj : 2), n, [F., fr. piifer to plunder.]
1. A pillagiuff : robbery. 2. Somethinir Uken by force.
— r. i. A t. To plunder ; to ravage. — PUla-f tr, n.
Syn. — PiLLAOB : PLUKDn : rapine : spoil : depreda-
tion. — iNZtoflV refers to the act of stripping aafferefa of
their goods : vlimder to the removal of tlunga thua taken.
Pn'Ur (ijF»r), f». [F. /niter, fnlTpOapiUar. See
PiLB, a heap.] 1. A support, colomn, or post ; shaft
erected for a monument. 2. A supporter or mainstay.
PUOloil (-yfln), n. [Ir. A Gael, pill akin or hide.]
Cushion behind a saddle, on which another may ride.
P111»-IT (-l^rV), n. [F. trilon; LL. paoHcum,} A
frame with holea through which the head and handa of an
offender were thrust, to «zjpoae him publicly. — v. f.
. „ .AS.*mJ«"
thing to support the head of one repoaing.
PUOOW
he piUon
expoae
2. Toexpoaetopubfic
pw/rifiiMj 1. Any-
^ 2. Support
S. BTock onder the
to equalise pressure of machfaMfy.
inner end ox a bowsprit — r. t. To rest open a pillow;
to support.
PInow-MM' i'VUf), n. Removable ease for a piUow.
Pl-lOM' (pt-lOs' or pinSs^), a. [L. pUcnu, f r. pUmg
hair.] 1. Hairy ; fuU of, or mad« of, hair. 2. Clothed
with pile, down, or hairs. - P14Ml-t]r (-IBanr-tJ), n.
PIOOC (pilfit), n. [F. pUote, prob. fr. D. peilhod
plummet, sounding lead.1 1. One who steers a veeapl ;
helmsman ; steersman. 2. A guide. — r. /. 1. To direct
the cr—^n r,f '- -•^»-» ^iiri-p navigation is dangerooa. ^
Ti' *:ni.l- iur-..M]j;Jf ,iiiUjr*i> i^r ditti'^iittiea.
riiot iffwi* «hip blfoiiit ftirt etolh, a coarae, stoat
e1->tlt fr>r nv«»r^nAt«. - fDirt tili. s iielagic fl;^ often aaan
in f iiiiijiativ with ji litiLrk-
Pl lot age i Ij ; -1, ^r. 1. A pi lot 'spay. 2. Ouidane*.
Pl"loas n-i'lFijiK ^- riU>M*.
Pi men'to { fT- miu't a \ pi-nujiia (-t4), «. [Sp. pi-
m-^-'M. ptuiifi^ri ; fr. L. p^>^«MrtiMm pigment. Juice of
pi I 111 ^ , ^EiirthlnK iLTDinAtic] AlU|iic«, the tree and fruit.
Pimp (r>^>^>pK n^ [Cf. F. ftittifif^ni smart.] One who
provJilHi far th^ Jimt nvf otti<>n, — ^ i. To pander.
PLu'paf-aAlfpTnj'KMtil), ft. \F. oimpreneil€.\ A
pkiit wU-*^ t1i.m Pfpi i'h>tf at ti]» upproach of bad weather.
Flm^pl* ( [-1), u. LAfi piffrhtm to blister; cf. L.
pop'if-' pil^ap]'^ ) A nirtn]l pi ikitt-rl i^tovatlon of the skin.
-Plm'plftd {pW, PIm'piT (I'l^), o, [pen.]
Pin^i Ti]}, Th ^. (Cf- Piv, t<» (?oi]fiiie.] To ooalhie ; to|
Pin, n. [Aa. pin ft pith wr : f r. L. pinna pinnarte,
Eiu, liMUier.] 1. A pcsg ; bok 2. A small, pointad and
eaded piece of wire, for fastening clothes, papers, etc.
3. A trifle.— r. t. To fasten with a pin ; to Join.
Pia hola, a small hole made by apin ; a very small aper-
ture. •:- FlB mensy, a husband*s allowance of money to his
mnmmj, m uumumMwa m m
wife, for Deraonal expenditore.
Pln'A-laiV (pTn'i-fOr'), n. {Pin -}- a/ore.} Achnd*a
apron to protect the front part of the dreaa.
Fhl'OKM (ptu'*in)y n. ^, IF. pinee.} Pinchers.
Plnoh (pinch), V. /. [F. ptiteer, prob. fr. OD. pi/jm
to pinch.] 1. To squeece Between the flngers, teeth,
daws, or Jaws of an instrument ; to compresa. 2. To
cramp ; to distress. —r. i. 1. To compress ; to sqoeese.
2. To be nignrdlv or covetoua.— n. 1. A cloae com-
Sression ; a mp. 2. As much as may be taken between
nger and thumb : a very small quantity. 2. Pain ; pang.
4. A lever, to roll wheels, etc
PtBohlMOk (-bSk), n. [Inventor*s name.] An alloy
of copper and sine, resembling gold, need in cheap Jow-
elry.— a. Sham; spurious; unreal.
Plaoh'tim (-9rs), n. pi. An instrument having two
handles and two maping
jaws working on a pTvot, for
(rriping thinn to be held fast,
drawing nails, etc. _, .
Plll'011llll01l(pTnni«8h/- PIccheTK
fin), n. Cushion, in which pins may be stuck for use.
Pine (pin), r. i. [AS. pinan to torment, fr. piin tor>
ment, L. poena penalty. See Padi.I To languiah ; to
wear away^under distress or longing ior something.
Srn. —To languish : droop; flag; wither; decay.
Pine, a. [AS. pIOfL. pinut.} 1. A coniferooa tree
of many species. 2. Wood of the pine. S. Pinaappl*.
ft, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, e, 1, 5, A, f, short ; senftte, dvent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cftra, iirm, ftak, §11, fin«L
PINEAL
425
PISCARY
PllB*^ (pi'ni-al or pXaft-al), a. [L. pimea eons of a
pine, fr. pinut.1 Pert, to, or luke, « pine cone.
PiM^AP'pto (pin'Sp'pn), n. A tropical plant and its
fruit, reeembling the oone of the pine tree.
Pltt'tr-y (4r^), n. 1. A pine foresU 2. A hothouM
for growing i^neapplea.
IWtoll3rer(pWnth'Sr),ii. Feather not fnUyderel-
oped : rodimentaiT featlier emerging through the eldn.
■"~ (pTn'yan), n. [OF. pignon pen, F., gable.
Pinion und 8pur
Wheel.
pinion (In eenM 6) ; fr. L. pinna pinnacle, feather, wiog.j
1. A feather ; quilL 2. A wing. 3. Joint of a bird's
wing fartiwst from the body. 4. Fetter for the arm.
6. A oogwlieel with teeth, adapted to engage with a
targar wheel or rack. « v. /. 1. To
bind the wings oS ; to confine by bind-
ing the wings. 2. To disable by cut-
ting off the pinion joint. 3. Tb re-
strain (a oerson) by binding the arms
to the body ; to confine ; to tie up.
Ptak (piBk), n. [D.] A
with a Tory narrow stem; —
atoopMfcy.
Flak, r. L [OB. pinten to prick,
prob. nasalised form otpiok.} 1. To
pierce with small holes; to cot the
edge of (cloth or paper) in small scal-
lops. 2. To pierce as with a sword.
— a. A stab.
Flak, n. [Perh. akin to piek.'\ 1. A garden plant,
and ita flower. 2. A color of Tivid red combined with
white; — fr. the color of the flower. 3. Anything su-
premely excellent, —a. Like the garden pink in color,
riafc efs, epidemic ophthalmU, reddening the eyebalL
0 Pltt'aa (pln'ni), n. TL., feather.] 1. A
leaflet. 2. The auricle of the ear.
FlaTntm (-nts ; 2), a. [F. pintuse, fr. L.
pintu pine tree, thing msde of pine, ship.] A
smsll vessel propelled by sails or oars.
PlS'Ba-tiU (-ni-k'l), n. [OB. & F. pinade.
L. pinnaeuium, fr. pinna pinnacle, feather.]
1. Upright architectural member, generally
ending in a spire. 2. A lofty peak.
Pltt'Bato (-ntt), ) a. [L;»<nna/ii«feath-
Ptll'BA-tM(-ni'tSd), 1 ered, fr. pinna. 1
1. Consisting of sereral leaflets arranged on
•eoh side of a oommon petiole, as leaves of a
rosebush, hickory, or ash. 2. Having a wing-
like tuft of feathers on each side of the neck.
FlB-natl-fld (-nSta-fTd), a. [L. p/nn/r/tM -^ root of/n-
dere to split.] Divided in a pinnate manner,
with divisions not reaching to the midrib.
Ptn-aatl-ptd (-PM)* a. [L. pinnaiu4
-h petf pedis, foot.} Haring the toes bor-
dered by membranes ; fln-f ooted. — n. A
bird having toes bordered by membranes.
not (pint), n. rOB. & F. pinie, fr. 8p.
pinta spot, mark, pint, f r. pinlar to paint ;
a mark for a pint prob. having been made
on a larger measure.] A measure of ca-
pacity, 1-2 quart, or 4 gills.
PlBlla (pTn'tU), n. [Dim.ofpfn.] 1.
A little pin. 2. An upright pivot pbi, in a
Unge. for a rudder to hanjr and turn on, etc.
OPI'ins (pt'nOs), n. (X., pine tree.] A
large genus of evergreen coniferous trees,
mn«tly found bi the northern hemisphere.
PtB^NTOnil' (pTn'wdrmO, a. A small
worm parasitic in the rectum of man.
JPtaT (pln7). a. Abounding with pines.
[Written also pinejf.l
Tlf^Umt (pi'«-n»rQ, «. [F. pionnier,
orig., a foot soldier, OF. peon foot soldier.
See Pawv in chess.] 1. Soldier detailed to
form roads, trenches, bridges, etc., as an army advances.
ase of fowls.
I or orange. I
d, as of an|
2. One who goes before, preparing the way for othen to
follow. —r. t. &i. To go before, and open a way.
Pt'O-ny (pi'6-uy), ». Peony.
PfOOS (-Oil), a. [L. piusA 1. Pert, to piety ; revtr-
ential ; devout ; godly. 2. Practiced under pretext of
religion ; prompted by mistaken piety. — Pl'OOS-ly, adv,
Syn. — Qodly ; devout ; religious ; righteous.
Ptp (pTp), n. [D. ; fr. LL. pipUa, L. pUuUa sUme,
phlegm, in fowls, the pip. ] A contagious disease of f owh
forming a ^' scale '* on the tongue. [apple or o
Pip, n. [F. pepin. Cf. Pippih.] A seed, aa
P^, ». [Perh. for pick^ F. pique a spade at cards, a
pikeT] One of the " spots *' on csjtls, dominoes, etc
P^ V. L [See Pnr.] To chirp, as a chicken.
Pip* (p{p)t <*• [^& P^P^t prob. f r. L. pipare to chirp.]
1. A wind instrument of music, consirting of a tube of
straw, reed, wood, or metaL & A long hollow body to
conduct water, steam, gas, etc 8. Bowl with a hollow
stem, — for smoking tobacco, etc 4. A cask usually
containing 126 wine gallons ; quantity it contains. — v. i,
1. To play on a pipe, fife, flute, etc 2. To have a slirill
sound like a pipe ; to whistle. — v. I. 1. To perform (a
tune) on a pipe, flute, fife, etc & To direct (a crew)
by the boatswain's whistle. 3. To furnish (an engine,
building, etc.) with pipea. — Plp'er (pip'Sr), n.
Pipe clay, a plastic, unctuous clay UMd in making to-
Imicco pipes and earthenwarefln scouring cloth, etc.
Piping (pipfng), a. 1. PUying on a musical pipe.
2. Peacef id ; favorable to music of the pipe rather than
of the drum and fife. 3. Emitting a higli, shrill sound.
4. Simmeriuff ; boiling ; sixxllng ; hissing. — n. 1. Small
cord covered with cloth, — UMd for trimming dresses.
2. Pipes, ooUeotivelv. 3. ShriU whistling of birds, etc.
4. Piece cut off to plant ; propsffation by cuttings.
PteH (pTp^t), n. [Fr. ite call.] Anv one of various
songbirds resembling the true larks ; titlark, [boiler. |
n^ldllCpTp'kTn),*!. [Dim. of o(pe.] Small eartkeul
Plp^pln (-pin), a. [Prob. fr. OE. pippin seed.] (a)
An apple from a tree raised from seed and not grafteid ;
seedling apple (6) A name for apples of several kinds.
Pl'qiUBt (pSncont), a. [F., p. pr. of piquer to prick
or sting J Stimulating to the taste; tart; sharp; pun-
gent. — PPqiUB-07, n. — Pl'qilABMy, adv.
II Pl'avtf' (p^'kta n. [F.,p. p.of/>iguer.] A cotton
dress fabric, figured in the loom.
Pique (pSk), n. [F., fr. /»<au«r.] Resentment, awak-
ened by a slight or injury ; stinging vexation.
Syn. — Pxqitb; Spits; Grudok; displeasure; irrita-
tion. — Piquf denotes a quick and often transient sense
of resentment for supposed neglect or injury. :iifite
denotes settled malice, with a desire to injure, as the
result of extreme irritation. Orttdge denotes cherished
and secret enmity, with an unforgiving spirit.
— r. /. 1. To wound the pride of ; to nettle ; to fret.
2. To excite to action by jealousy ; to stimulate 3 To
pride or value (one's mIi). ^ v. i. To irritate.
8yn. —To offend ; provoke ; sting ; goad ; stimulate.
Pl-qiMt' (p«-k8t' or pTk'St), n. [F., prob. fr. piqueA
A game at cards played between two persons, with 32
caras, tlie deuces, Ss, 4b, Ss^ and fis, being set aside.
Pl^-ey (pi'riUy), n. [LL. D^ra^, Or. vciparrta.]
1. Act or crime of a pirate 2. Robbery cm the high seas.
Pinrate (-rtt; 2), n. [L. piraia. Or. wtKoarnK, fr.
irtipay to attempt, wtlpa trial ; akin to B. peril.] 1. A
robber on the high seas ; freebooter. 2. An armed ship
sailing without legal commission, to plunder other ves-
sels. 3. One who publishes an author's work without
permission. -~ r. t. To play the pirate ; to rob on the
high seas. — r. /. To publish (writings) wrongfully. —
P^imtlo (.i*tak)^Plmt1iwa, o. -K-rafkhmf-ly, adv.
Pl-rOfflM' (pT-r9ff')t n- [Amer. Indian word.] A dug-
out canoe ; any small boat.
Piron-ettO' (plr'dWt'), n. [F.l A whiriing on the
toen in dancing. ^ r. t. To whirl, like a dancer.
PlS'oa-ry (pTs'kA-rj^), n. [L. />i«cart«« relating to
fim, reooot, Orb, ryde, full, Qm, food, fdbt, out, oil, chair, §^0, sing;, iyk, then, thin.
PISCATOR
426
PLACE
lUbee or flahiog, fr. pUeU fiah.] Eight or prlTilsge of
flabioff in another man's waters.
llPfiHiator(pTs-ki^r),n. [L.] Fisherman ; angler.
PlTM-tOlri-U (pTa'U.tO'i 1^1), I a. Pert, to fiabea or
Flfl'M-tO-ry (pT«OUkpt(-ri^), I flaking.
II Flfl'ow (-sSs), n. pi. [L. pUcis.-\ L (a) The 12th
sign of the lodiac, marlied ^ lu alinanaca. (6) A sodi-
acal cooatellation, including the first point of Aziea;
the Fiah. 2. OUsa of VertebraU including fishes.
Flfl'okeal'tim (-sl-kUattr ; 40), n. [U pud* + E.
cuUnreA Fish culture. — Pll'ol-aUtlir-tot, n.
Plah tpl*h)t inteH. An exclamation of contempt.
Pla'MUHlMlt (ple^sia-filt), ti. [Gr. trcaaflUr^aATOc ;
vtwa pitch -)- oo^^toATOf asphalt.1 Earth pitch ; inHam-
mable bitumen, resembling petroleum and asphalt.
Pll-ta'OlllO (-tl'shft ), n. [It. putaeehio, f r. Or. wi^rrd-
cif. Per. piftaA.] Nut of a tree of Arabia, Persia, Syria,
and Sicily, containing an almond-like kenieL
PlrU-ratn' (-t*-xlnO, n. An old Spanish aU^ or ^
worth about 20 cents.
Pla^ (-tTl), n. CL.pi«fifftimpeatle.1 The
aeed-bearing organ of a flower. It condsta of
an orary, containing the orulea or rudimentary
PUton.
t'
aeeda, and a atlgma, commonlv raised on an
elongated portion called a MyU, Bee lUutU.
of Flowse, and Otakt.
Pto'l^-tU), It. [F. pUtoU, prob. fr. Pi$-
ioja^ a town in Italy where pistols were flrat
Bude.] A flrearm to be flred from one hand. aStiffmsi
— V. I. To ahoot with a pistoL 6 Style t e
Pto-tAli^ (.t510. n. [f.l A gold coin of ^^^J^
various values formerly coined iu Europe. ^^*
PIltQill (•tfiu), n. [F., fr. \j.pin»ert^pitium^ to pound,
■tamp.] A eliding cylinder fitting with-
in a cylindrical reaael along which it
morea, back and forth, — used in ateam
enginea to receive motion from the
ateam, and in pumpa to tranamit motion
to a fluid, also for other purpoaea.
Pit (pTt), n. [AS. pyU pit, hole, L.
puiitu well, pit.1 1. A hole In the
ground ; indentation. 2. An abyaa ; the
rve; hadea. S. Pitfall; trap; anare.
A depreaaion in the anrface of the
human body. 6. That part of a theater
below the level of the stage and behind
the orchestra ; parquet. 6. An in- a Follower ; b Cyl<
oloaed area in which gamecocks, dogs, inder, thown in
etc., fight. 7. {a) Endocarp of a drupe, •««»**» » » . <<^)
jindlUcontain«/.««d.;aatone. (6) Jf/VSLn^tS.'
Thin apot in the wall of a duct.
Pit saw, a aaw worked by two men, one of whom atanda
on the log and the other beneath it, often in a pit.
— r. I. 1. To put into a pit or hole. 2. To mark with
little hoUowa, aa by varioloua pustules. 3. To introduce
as an antagonist ; to set forward in a contest.
Ptt'a-Hir (ptf A-pit/ ), adv. [Onomat. redupL of pat. ]
In a flutter ; with palpitation.
PltOh (pTch), n. [AS. piCj L. pix ; akin to Or. ftL<nra.'\
Thick, black, sticky substance obtained bv boiling down
tar, and used to calk seams of ships, and to coat rope,
canvas, wood, ironwork, etc., to preserve them. ^ v. /.
1. To cover or smear with pitch. 8. To blacken.
MlBeral ptteh, bitumen : asphalt. — Pitch ooal, bitumi-
nous coal. — Piteh pias, any species of piue yielding pitch.
Pttoh, V. /. [OE. picchen: akin to E. pick, pike.}
1. To throw ; to cast, hurl, or toss. 2. To plant (stakes
or poles) in the ground ; to establish (a tent, camp, etc.).
3. To set the tone of (atwie). ~r. i. 1. To encamp.
2. To light ; to come to rest from flight. 3. To fix one's
choice (on or upon). 4. To plunge or fall ; to slope. ^
n. 1. A throw; toes; cast. 2. A fall; a thrusting
down. 3. Point where a declivity begins; slant. 4.
Relative acutenesa or gravity of a musical tone. 6. (a)
ih 9, 1, 8, «, long : &, «, I, ft, a, j^, short ; aeollte, «vent, tdM, 6bey, Quite, cAre, ilnn, Aak, ^n, fliMiL
Diitaooe from oenter to center of bolea or of adlaoent
^--"^ of gearing. (6) Length of a complete turn of the
d of a acrew,
thread c
"*? \i'*'?L • 1!!^ jnatrument uaed by choriatera la
reguUting the pitch of a tune.
FltOh'-dAlk' (pTch'uiirkO, a. Derk aa pitch; fa».
teuaelydark.
PltOh'«r, n. One who pitches hay, quoita, a ball, etc
PltOli'Mr, n. [OF. piekier ; prob. aame aa E. beaker.^
1. A wide-mouthed jug ; Jar. 2. A oupUke apbendage
of leavea of planta.
PltOhloIX' (-f drkO* n. Fork for pitching bay, aheavea
of grain, etc. — v. I. To throw with a pitchfoA.
PltOh'y (-j^), a. 1. Like pitch. 2. Smeared wHb
pitch. 3. Bhu:k ; pitch-dark ; dinnaL — Pttohl-Btm, n.
Ptf •mm (pTfl-Qa), a. 1. Evincing pity or syin-
pathy. 2. Fitted to excite pity ; miserable. 3. P^try ;
piUfuL - Pire-«llihly, adv. Flt'f ITTIg BMi. n.
Syn. — Sorrowful ; doleful ; aad ; iMrniimasifitiatn
FWtMUf (-fftlO, n. A pit deceitfully covered to en-
trap wild beasU or men; a trap.
Ptth (pTth), n. [AS. p(Sa ; tMatoD.pU pith, ker-
neLj 1. Soft apongy aubstanoe in atema of plants.
2. (a) Spongy interior aubstanoe of a feather, (b) Spi-
nal cord ; marrow. 3. Vital or eaaential part ; vigor.
PtthlMfi, a. Destitute of pith or strength ; feeble.
Pttll^, a. 1. Conaisting of pith ; abounding in pith.
2. Energetic ; cogent. -Plthl-lir, adv.-FtoXumM, n.
Piri4-llU(pTt^-A-b*l),a. [OF.] Deaerring^Uyor
compassion. — Ptflm-llto-aiW. n. — Pttl-A-Uy, adv.
Syn. - Sorrowful ; woful; aod. SeePmooa.
mi-fol, a. 1. Full of pity ; sympathetic 2. Piteous ;
eliciting compassion. 3. Miaerable ; deapicable. — PU'-
i-flll-ly, adv. — Fttl-llll-IMM, n.
Byn. — Deapicable; mean; paltry. See GovrsMmiLB.
Pltl-lMS, a. 1. Mercileaa. 2. Exciting no pity. —
Pltl-lMS-ly , adv. - Pltl4«M-llMt, n.
Pttlnail, n. 1. One who works in a pit, aa In mining,
aawing timber, etc 2. Connecting rod in a aawmill, etc.
PlttaDM(-tana),n. [OE. A F. pitonoe, LL. pi/onrta.j
1. Allowance of food bestowed in charity ; dole 2. A
meager allowance ; inconaiderable oompenaation.
Pf-ttll.ta.fy(pt.t51.tt.rt),Pt.t1ll-tO«i(-taa).a. [U
pifrn'fr ph!rcrm. J Secreting mn^ns or phleirm.
FU y . . N. [OF. piif, jhYjV, t. /^iWflj pStt>>
ity J 1. A t tH^Uufg iitf nuflpnug^ ijtt oth^TB-r ffltow-fn-tl
2, Csui« of iilty i tliinir to be r«f rrttod. — t-. L
T<' <'"U»iaitf mtt". ^ r. L To ■Jhiw pity.
hyn. - I^ITT ; SmFATUt ; CuMA^aiijif ; mercy ; MHb-
mi<4'rAt!^ti : riiiidDlt^nci'! : ft' now-^uit^rintf ; ItiUaw ^f eelitV'
— > \f/*i p>tif\» 1* lit*'m.lly/f/^'fr-yfT/»fii?t »^»^ tiefiuin^ a eer-
tai], ...M,.,i.tv It- r^htKtttitmi etc, CVJw^jn-T-- u '^- Tii-lfTiu^Bs
for ' r uik>ifnrtijn(*. Pit- . = ' i. \jh^X
no; ■■.,,.. .- , ,. L i;jg, but irmA, and lui-^i w^tiiui.
PtT'Ot (pTvlit), n. [F. : prob. akin to It. mra pipf.]
A fixed pin on which a wheel or other body tuma. —
V. t. &i. To place, or turn, on a pivot.
PlA'M-llU (pla'kA-ba), a. [L. placabQU, fr. plaean
to padfyj Capable of being appeaaed ; willing to for-
give. — Plji'M-bto.lieM, Flft'M-MIl-ty, n.
PU-Mltf' (pIA-kKid' or pliklird), ». [F., fr. plaquer
to clap otk^ plaque tablet.] An advertisement or decUra-
tion posted in a puUic place ; ajpoater. — «. /. 1. To post
placarda upon or withm. 2. To announce by placards.
Pl«'Mt«(plI'kit},v.l. [L^acare,-«a/tim, to placate,
akin to plncere to pleaae.] To appease ; to conciliate.
Place (plis), n. [F., fr. L. p/o/eo atreet, area.] 1. A
rtion of apace ; apot. 2. Broad way hi a city ; area.
Poaition oocupied and "held ; mansion ; town or ci^ ;
fortified post ; region or country. 4. Rank ; grade ; ao-
cial poaition ; official station ; occupation. 6. Vacated
space ; room ; stead. 6. Ordinal reUtion ; podtion in
the order of proceeding.
Syn. — Situation : position; site; spot; offloe; «iD-
plojrment ; function ; trust : ground ;
PLACE
427
PLAQUE
FUot (ptl»>t 9- '- 1- To »m,\ga ■ plue to j to flx ; lo
lotCikti^. X To put ijj It pMilculsir rank or pofiltirit.
^ Ti> InTMt ; to loui. 4. To set ; to it^pcMM^ fi^ To
tttrlbuLt- ; to oALTiba.
^n* - See PttT.
FUlCfi^IIUUl ifalu'tDmi), B. Oiis who h^ldt « plar^^f^ ;
' on^ ha VI tig ami i^IIIl'p uiiHitr (jorerQidetit.
<?)i^»t If, wAojiQfi^ Ibt.l 'Die vaccuLLf Hp[>euddge caii-
bBTtinf^ thc^ f«Cufl with the parent.
PlA-O^m'ttlt I'f^ In. Fvtt tOp cr hAririKT a pUreittA.
2. Pert, to ihi^ Vlticniitai'm. ^n. Out! of tb« Flarc]it.sLti'U
i| FtBO an Ull a {plXA'^Tit£lT-4j, n. pi. [NL] A
dJ^bioLi of MkT [Tim ^11:1 ItKliiOlii]^ tlioo^i liAvlnK » JiIjwojjU.
Wisfn^ir {{tlA^T-'^rj, N, One wbo pliicsi or octB.
PlA<^«r {pia-i^r : *S>, plft^t|>(5K), ^4, [gpj A miutral
d^tK-Klt in thi? btd of a mounts ii torrfiit. fr' A'.]
Fll£^ ( pUjiTti^* ff . [L^ piim^nt, fr. pitted *f lu plPiRc.]
PbpiiA*'! ; contented: tnnMuiU^ rpili-t; cp title. —Plac''-
W4y, a<fr.^ Plai?ia-niii8, Pla-cW'l ty fiJlA-*T<nH5 ), ...
Pla'slAiiam (piS'j^rTi m or pis'jr-i^), t^. L A i^ij-
fiiitrljeing- A, That vliIcL m plnfdariied.
PU'BU-rtla (-n"*)^ r. ^ tt f. To stfJtl from ajiotJH'r b
wTitiiiRHf : to nppTDprlat4 (iuean ot BJiotliur) without At'-
knowIedaruenU — Fla'i^-l1«t (-rtAt)^ n,
Fla'SU-iy ('TJf], Tt. [L. phiifinriuM kEdnnppr, lllprnry
tlilef, fr. pfagittm ttidiiapkLif, p/^JtfS tin^t-1 1. Onu wJio
offeti iuitith<?r^a ideaa an hia oiwii ; a plAf^raTiKt. % Fta-
gi&riAm ; Ifr^rary theft, ^a. Pr^tlii-kis jilsi^iariinn.
FlAgUA i p] Sir >t n. [&r. v'A'iryn ■ f i^- ttkittrwuf lo »t rf kf. ]
I. Tli^t wlikh nmltta or irrKtkji|««; vi'iation^ 3- ivi^w
JigTiint couta^loiu fe^er ; peetilenep.- — f. i. 1, T<i iii-
f^ with diiAfiM^ or cahuuitj^ %* To vf^i ; to hajrduts- ^
Srn- — Tfl VKx ; torniipnt : dSirtrpa" : nfHS^t ; hanuj : :iik-
npy : t^itM; tant4]ij(«f : nirnloAt l t'Cubarrii'iAa; piTplcfjc.
Pla'fny ^plf^)! fi^ IVnaUum ^ tfirntbl**iioiiitj. A ho
Flalce (pl&wii n. [I\ pUihf, probn fr, L, piatfjftn tiiil-
finhA Fijod ll^h. alllnd til tilt- ttoutirLur.
Plata CpIKiI; 11)^ co<. |i)ii]),N, [GvL /}/'ifr;«^.] 1. A
nft^tafl^ular cloth wotb by botb ^nee iti Scotliiiid* 2.
ODOds of tbe pattern of n pLaid or tartao ; ch#ckereJ vh<i li
or pattern, ^a. Havjiij^ 4 t^saterti \lko a B^-oti-h lAnid ;
rb«€k«'FefJ with ban at ri[0[bt suif;l»a to one ntrntliPT'
Plain fr1^n)t v> 1 A t To coTiipljiin. irortic\
Plain, a, [P.> le^el, (r. 1* /JfrnHjf,] 1. Wilboat nlt^
viLtionJ! {triiaprefiaiDilH; oreiL, 3. Opim; unBi]euLn1.x'rf'HJ ;
fab-, X NoMiitHcate or tfitfiri lilt; elide uC^ 4. Vtiid <if
extrmiucOiiH be-a^ity ch" pretenrUan ; atiripl?; fnuik; hniti^'l^',
Syn.— Level; ^t\ open: artU^jd; trMiik; hEnc'cns
dowurlfbt i bluut ; afniplti ; appareot. Sc^e Maktvot.
— 'inJp. Ih r pjaiq maimer ; puliUy. — «► l*v*fl 1 iml- —
r. 1^ To iii4ke pLtln or nuuiUbat ; to ^tiptaiu^ — PlMii'>
If, ndv. — Plikln'iifljia, n.
Plaint (idiJil). ti. [OK. St P. pimttff, Ir, L phiT^fffrr,
pfttHtttan, lo t>«jit, lw»t the I>re44t, laiui'iit.] J. Cry ti(
W«T<H*r ; f niiip1,v[iit ; Irunij^nt. 2- t'toU-iit a|caljiBt nji Injitry.
Plaln'tm 0»l«"^tTO< n. [F. phiiHli/ uinkius^ toiii-
pT^tit] One ^bo cDijiiiji'ifHrifs a ptTMiniiil liuai aotbn lo
ubtafu reTim.ly tnr tn lu^tyty \ — op[>. t»> ti^ffthhint,
Ptaln^VO (tTv), a. [F. pinmtifA 1.' fi^miU^f? , lit-
tikentjnt;. 2. Mournful; ead. ^ PlaJii'ttTe-ly. in^ .
Plait (pJll; coitttq. plSi), rj. [OK. >/^i/, I^ fthrrnf,
-<^itum, to faM, a3cUi to ptfvterf to I'lttt.] 1. A tl.ii f..l.l ;
a doubllijjf, as of cloth ; pk^t, 2. A bruid ; pi jit. — i , f,
L To fold ; to }de»t 3. T'l hniid ; t^> piiti.
Plan (pllii)^ Ji- [F.» fr^ L. /i^^hj^j* flut. Sap Pt^at;* . .^ J
1 A dnmgbi nr form ; Ti?pre-M«jitaLloii dmwri f>ii a fi-lnji^^
lui A map flr a chart ; tf>p vfpw ; liirtrFEni^taL Jh^^tiim of rjii -
thing; dia|iT4ifti. 2' Scbemh; project. 3. MetluKl ; cii%-
tom,^?'. ;. 1. Todraiiifht; lo Ti;pre«>iilH (w by* diii-
I^ITlITi. 2- To h^'bi^iijn ; tl■>d^^l'^^t f'l JMiTi^rirn,
DmiiEtbt; deilinriiatioi] ; pint; bketcb : projifft ;
cotitntrance ; dciHce. See Bchku.
dmta;
Plail0ll'6t(plXiiol/St),ii. {V.plttnehetteMBauJlhotid,
dim. of planehe plank.] A tlat piece, or disk, of metaL
PIUM ( plin), n. [F. ; Or. irAaroMK, f r. vAorvt broad. ]
tree of both conttnente, and of many species.
PIUM (plin), a. [L. planus ; F. pton. See Plaih,
a.] Without elevatSont or depressions ; even ; level ;
m. — n. 1. A geometrical surface in which, if a^y
two points are taken, the
straight line Joining them
lies wboUv in that surface ;
surface without curvature.
2. Tool for smoothing sur-
smooth ; to leveL 2. To efface or remove.
Plan'er (plSn^r), n. One that planes; planhig ma-
chine or implement.
PUui'at (pltti'St), n. [Or. wXjunrnn; prop., wander-
ing, fr. vAayaatfM to wander.] Celestial body revolving
about the sun.
FUUD^UTl-lim (^-ti'rMim), n. [KL.] An orrery.
Plail'at-ft-ry (-9t-t-i%}, o. i. Pert, to, consisting of,
■ caused by, planets. 2. Like a planet ; erratic.
Pla-Bim^ter (plA-uTm't-tSr), n. [Plani- + -meter. ]
Inatmment to measure the area of a plane figure.
Pla-iii]||'e-tfT(-tr]^),n. Mensuration of plane surfaces.
PlanlBll (plInTsh), 4f. /. [OF. jdanir.'^ To smooth
(metal) by light blows with a hammer.
PlaBl-ipliBr«(-T-sfSr),n. [Plani- -{-tphere.^ Sphere
projected on a plane; representation of the celestial
sphere, showing the position of the heavens, stars, etc
Plank (pWnk), n. [OF. planque.pUmche ; L. plaikca.'\
1. Broad piece of sawed timber, thicker than a board.
2. That which supports, as a board does a swimmer. 3.
One of the articles in a political platform, or decUra-
tion of principles. \CanX\^v, t. 1. To cover (a floor,
ship, etc) with planks. 2. To lay down, as on a plank
or Uble ; to stake or pay cash. [CoUoq. U, S."]
PUn'lMr (plin'nSr), n. One who plan* ; projector.
PlA'&O-OOIi'MTa (pla'nft-k5n^!v), a, IPlano- -^-can-
eave.'\ Phuie or flat on one side, and concave on the
other. See Lura.
PlA^lDO-OOIl'VtZ (-kSn^vSka), a. IPlano- + convex.'\
Phine on one side, and convex on the other.
Plant (plint). It. [AS. p/ante, L. p/an/a.] 1. A veg-
etable ; an organized living being, having, when com-
plete, a root, stem, and leaves. 2. Machinery and appa-
ratus used in a mechanical business, —v. /. 1. To put
(seed, young trees, etc) in the ground for growth. 2.
To furnish (a garden, orchard, forest, etc.) with plants.
3. To f amidi with a fixed population ; to settle (a colony).
4. To set firmly ; to fix ; to direct, or point.
Plan^taln (plin'ttn ; 2), n. [Cf. F. planiain-arbre,
pkaUanier; prob. same word u plane tree.] 1. A tree-
like perennial tropical herb, bearing immense leaves.
2. Edible fruit of this pUnt.
Plan'taln, n. [F. , f r. L. planiago.} A low herb with
broad spreading radical leaves, aind spikes of minute
flowers.
Plan-talkni (-tCshfin), ». l. Aplantbig. 2. Place
under cultivation ; estate cultivated by laborers living oo
it. 3. A colony.
Plant'er (planfSr), n. 1. One that plants, sows, or
cultivates a plantation. 2. Colonist in a new territory.
PlanH-Cla (-T-k'l), n. A plant in embryo.
llPla]|'tl-cni'aa(pISnaT-gri'dA),n.p/. [NL.] A sub-
division of Camivora having plantlgraae feet.
Plantl-gxada (-grSd), a. [L. planta sole of the foot
4- ffrodi to walk.] («) Walking on the sole of the foot :
pert, to the plantigrades. (6) Having tbe foot so formed
that the heel touches the ground when the leg is up-
right. — n. A plantigrade animal, as man, and the bears.
Plaqaa (pl4k). n. [F. SeePLACAao.] Flat, tUn piece
of metal, clay, ivory, etc. ; a brooch.
ttm, reoaot, 6rb, r^da, fyll, ftn^ ftfbd, fdbt, out, oil, eludr, bo, sins, ink* then, UUn.
PLASH
4^
PLEASANTRY
n«flh (pttah), fi. [OD. pttuehA 1. SmaU pool of
fUoding water ; puddle. 2. A dash of water ; splaah.
^mv.i.& I. To dabble in water ; to splaab.
Plaill, V. L [OF. plaittier to bend.] To cut partly,
or to bend and intertwine branches of. — n. Branch of
a tree faitertwlned with other branches.
PiMlirf irf)^ <!• 1* Watery ; abounding with paddles ;
•I^aahy. 2. Specked, as if plashed with color.
PUum (plSz'm), PlAl^nui (-mA), n, [Or. trA<urM«h
•fuiTot, fr. wk&mtw to mold.] Oreeuish quarts, used by
ttie ancients for engrayed ornaments* 2. Viscous ma-
terial of an animal or v^^etable cell, which forms tissues
by differentiation ; protoplasm. 3. Elementary matter.
PlaaOflr (pl&s'tSr), n. [AS., fr. L. empleutrum^ Or.
^irAa<rTpoy, fr. ^ in + vkiaatuf to mold.] [Formerly
written plaitter.'] 1. An external application, harder
than ointment, aahesive to the body, and used to oroduoe
«. medicinal effect, to bind narts together, etc. 2. Com-
rition of lime, water, ana sand, for coating walls, etc.
Calcined gypsum, or plaster of Paris, for makiug fig-
ures, moldinn, etc ; calcined gypeom used as a fertiliser.
— p./. 1. To cover with a plaster. 2. To overlay (ceil-
ings, walla, etc.) with plaster. 3. To smooth over ; to
cover the defects of ; to hide. — PUw^tar-tr, n,
Plftiltr-lllS, n. 1. Piaster for walls, etc. 2. An
overlaying with plaster. 3. A covering of plaster.
PUstlO (-tTk), a. [Or. a-Aaorucdc, fr. vAao^ir.] 1.
Able to form matter. 2. Capable of being molded. 3. Pert.
tOt or im>duced bv, molding; — said of sculpture, etc., as
dlsting. fr. graphic arts. — PlM-tlol-ty (-tts'Y-ty), «.
VUahzvSk (-trQn), ». [F., breastplate, LL. piasfra
thin plate of metaL] 1. A pad protecting a fencer's
breast. 2. Ventral shell of turtles, etc.
Plat (plXt), V. L [See PLArr. ] To form by interweav-
ing; to plait. — n. work done by braiding ; a plait.
Flati n, [F., flat.] SmaU plot of ground laid out for
a special use. — v, t. To lay out (ground) fai plots.
Plate (plSt), n, [OF., plate of metal, cuirass, fr. plat
flai. Or. a-Aarvc.] 1. A flat sheet of metal. 2. Metallic
armor. 3. Domestic veeeels of gold or silver. 4. Plated
metallic ware, dieting, f r. genuine silver or gold. 6. A
shallow vessel, to hold food at table. 6. Piece of metal
on which anything Is engraved to be printed ; impression
from engraved metaL 7. A horizontal timber laid upon
a wall, etc., to support other timbers, roof trusses, or raf-
ters. 8. In photography, a sheet of glasa, porcelain, metal,
etc. , with a coating sensitive to light. — v. I. 1. TO overlay
with gold, silver, etc., by a mechanical or chemical proc-
en. 2. Tb cover with metal. 3. To beat into thin pieces.
PU-taan' (pli-tOOr »• / P^- ?• Platbaux (F, -ty ; E.
-Ub')» B- Plateaus {-W), [F., fr. OF. ploUl little
C* ' 9.] 1. A flat surface ; broiid, level, elevated area of
; table-land. 2. Ornamental dish ; tray ; salver.
PUtaful (pliffvl), n. ; pi. Platstulb (-f\ilz). Enough
to fill a plate ; as much as a plate will hold.
PUt'an (plifSu), n. [F. platine, fr. plat flat.] Flat
part of a printing press, typewriter, machine tool, etc.
piai^Uim^, n. 1. A flat or horixontal surface, forming
a roof, raised floor, etc. ; a landing ; stage, for spoAkers,
performers, or workmen. 2. A declaration of the prin-
ciples upon which a person or party stands.
Platd-na (pl«tT-nA or pl4-t5'nA),ii. [Sp.orNL. See
Platimum.] Platinum.
Platlnff (plJtTng), n, 1. A covering anything with
plates, or with tnetal ; an overlaying ba^e metal with a
thin plsite of precious or bright metal. 2. Thin coating
of metal laid upon another metal. 3. Defensive armor.
Platt-nmn (plitT-nttm or plA-tS'nnu)), n. [NL., fr.
8p. plaiiTUij f r. plata silver, LL. plain thin plate of metal.]
A metallic element, intermediate in value between silver
and irold, ductile and malleable, but very infuHible.
PUn-tnfla (pWt^-tud), n. [F., fr. plat flat.] 1. A
being flat or in«ipi<1. 2. A tnti>«m ; commonplace.
Pla-tonlO (pIA-tSnTk), Pla-tonlO-al (-T-koI), a. [Or.
IIAaT«m«6t.] 1. Piert. to Plato, his phOoaophy, or opin-
ions. 2. Pure; paaaionlees; nMuezual.
PlatoBie love, a pure, spiritual affection between pertooa
of opposite sex, without carnal dedrea.
natO-msm (plit«-nTs*m), n, 1. PhUoaophy of Plato.
2. An elevated ethical conception of the uuverae ; fan-
tastic philosophical notions. — PlatO-alst, i».
Pla-tOOB' (pli-tS&uO, n. [F. peloton a ball of thread,
knot of men, platoon, fr. pelote ball.] (a) Orig., a body of
men who flred together. (6) Halfoiamilitanrooinpainr.
PlatrdantStill' (plit/doitsha n. The diaieeta of the
north of Oermany ; modem Low Oerman.
Plattar (-tSr), *». One who j^ato or braids.
PlattMr,M. lOF. plalelA Dish for serving food.
Plao'dlt (plft'dTt), n. [L. plaudHe, hnpentive of
ptaudere, Cf . Plausiblb.] Expression of applauae; pnbe.
Syn* ~ Acclamation ; commendation : approvaL
Plau'ftt-Ue (-zT-b'l), a. [L. plau*ibais,tT.ptoMdi
platuufOj to applaud, clap the handa.] 1. Worthy
being applauded. 2. Obtsining approbation ; apparently
right. 3. Using specIoQs arguments or diaooarse.— Plaa'-
■l-bly, adv. — Plaii'ftl-ttto-iiaaa, Plav'al-UPl-tT, n.
Syn. — Plavbiblb ; Sraaous. — Plausible denotes Uwt
which seems reasonable, yet leaves distrust in the jndf •
ment.- Sj)fciout deaoribea that which nreaents a ftb
nee to the view, yet covers something false.
[AS. pUgiant akin to ptega pligr,
' 1. To engage *
rerp,
ortliy of
engage in aport ; to frolic.
FUy (pla), V, i, _
game, quick motion.]
2. To trifle ; to be careleaa. 3. TTo gamble. 4. TO per-
form on a musical instrument. 5. xo act ; to practice
deception. 6. To move in any manner ; to move with
alternate or reciprocating motirai. 7. To act on the stage ;
to personate a character. ^ v. t. 1. To put in acti<ni or
motion. 2. To perform ; to execute ; to simulate. 3. To
engage in (a cont^t for amusement, a wager, prise, etc).
— n. 1. Amusement; aport. 2. A game. 3. A ooo-
tending for rictory, amusement, or a prise ; gaming. 4.
Action ; use ; practice. 3. A dramatic oompoaition ; a
comedy or tragedy. 6> Porf onnanoe ota an Inafovment of
music 7. Motion; movement, regular or irregular;
room for motion ; scope. — Play'art n.
PUyHlUl' (pli^nOf n. Programme of a play.
Play'day' (-dEO« n. Day given to play ; holiday.
Playffil'lOW (-fU'tt), n. A companion in sports.
Playful ('fvl)i o. Sportive ; f rolicaome ; merry. —
PUynil-ly, adv. ^Playffal-Baas, ».
PUylunuM' (-hens'), ». 1. A building for dramatie
exliibitions ; theater. 2. House for children to play in.
Playlnata' (-mif ), m. PUyfeiiow.
Play'tlliaff' (-thTnfK), n. A tiUng to play with ; toy.
Play'Wilnit' (-ritO« **• Maker or adapter of plays.
II Pla'ia {STpWU ; Sp. plUnhA), n. [Sp.] A public
square in a city.
Plaa (pl6), n. [OE. & OF. p/aif, LL. piacitvm judg-
ment, assembly, court, f r. L. pfaeere to ^c^se.] 1. what
is alleged by a party in support of a legal cause; adefend-
ant*s answer to the plaintiff's declaration and demand.
2. Cause in court ; lawsuit. 3. Excuse ; apology. 4.
Urgent entreaty.
PM {pK
>lSd3, V. i. limp. & p. p. Plbadbd (eaUoa.
Plbad (pl^) or Plbd) ; p. pr. & vb. n# Plbadxko.I 1.
To argue in support of a claim ; to speak by way or per-
suasion. 2. To carrv on a suit or nlea. — v. t. 1. To
discuss and maintain by argumenta. 2. To allege in proof,
support, or vindication ; to offer In excuse.— Plaad'ar, n,
naaa'ant (pKs'ant), a. IF. pM»ont.'\ 1. Pleasinff;
agreeable. 2. Cheerful; enlivening. —PIaaB'ailt-ly,mnr.
8yn. — Plbabakt; Plbaswo: Agbbbablb: gratify-
ing; cheerful; good-humored: enlivening: )tav;llvelyj
merry : humorous ; jocose : witty. —Affreeable 1
to that which agrees with one's tastee. chara* ter, ete.
Pleasani and pleading are stronger. PlniMmf refers to
the state or condition ; pleasing^ to the act or effect.
Plaaa'ant-ry (-rj^)- n. {T. oloisanterie.'i That whkh
promotes pleasure ; gayety ; playfulness ; badinage.
S, », 1, 5, «, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, tt. t. •*»ort i "wiftte, «v«nt, Idea, 5bey, ftnite, ©Are, llrm, Aak, |>n, fliMri.
PLEASE
42d PLUG
I
lording pleMure ; gratiiyiiifr. —
PlMli^n«(-dr),ii. [F.piaisir.
Mfckmof ibeMuuMormrnd. 2. i
HMUM (plii). V. I. rOF.plaMr,fr.L.p{aMr^»kin
to fineaf to reoonoUa. j 1. To give plaMore to ; to
gn&ii^. 2. To take pleMoro in ; to chooM. 3. To be
tlMwfllof ; toaeamgoodto.-^f. i. 1. To impart piaasure.
'^ To haya plaaaura ; to be willing ; to oonaent.
PlMUKlay, a. Giving plaaaura or latiafaction.
Syn. — Gratifying ; agraaaUa. 8ae PLmASAirr.
PlMS'ar-ft-U* (pl8ah'ttr4Ub*l: 40), a. Capable of
>irOTding fdaaaura ; gratifying. -— PlMS^ar-a-w, adv.
Amuaament ; diveniou ;
■enaoal sratilloatioa. 3. Will ; choice ; pun>ose. 4. That
irldoli pieaaaa; a favor. — v. /. & i. To plaaae.
Pl*-WlaB (plt-bS'van), a. [L. plebeius, fr. pUb$, pU-
Mc. tba coDunon people.] Pert, to the common people ;
TvOnr ; common. *n. One of the lower aocial ranks.
n^-btllll-lm (-Ti'm), n. 1. The being plebeian.
2. Conduct of plabeiana ; vulgarity.
Pl»bl40ito (plSba^Tt), n. [F. plkbiseUCy L. pUh^
Mtfvm.l A vote by universal male suffrage.
II Yk^^lbHAftUm. (plS'bTs-siafim), n, [L, from plebt,
pUbis + aeitum decree.] A law enacted by the common
people ol andant Bome, without the senate's intervention.
FM (pUd), imp. & p.p. of Puuo. iCoUoq.]
PMff» (plBJX n. [OF. pleae pledge, guaranty, LL.
plagium.'] 1. Legal security for a debt or engagement ;
thing potln pawn. 2. A promiM by which one binds one* i
■elf to do, or refrain from doing, something. 4. A senti-
ment agraad to by drinking one's health ; toast ; health.
Syn. — See BAiunsT.
->v. I. 1. To deposit in pledge or pawn, or as security.
2. To goarantae ; to plight. 3. To engage solemnly. 4.
Tb drink the health of ; to toast. — Pudx'Wt *••
Fl«dff-M' (plSJ-SOt **• One to whom a pledge is given.
Pltdr •t(-«t), !». rProv.B.,smaUplug.] LA string
of oakum used ui calking. 2. A compress, or smaU flat
tant of lint, laid over a wound, ulcer, etc
Ptoiad (plS'yad), n. One of the PleUdea.
Ptolft^to* (-yi^Ss), n. pi. [L., fr. Or. IIA«(a8<t.]
Tha eeven daughters of Atlas and Pleione, fabled to liave
boMi made a constellation in the skv.
VWBM-rf (plS'nA-r]^), a. [LL. jOenarUu, fr. L plenut
fnlLl Full; complete; absolute.— Fle'llA-zl-lT, a//v.
FlMil-po-t«ll'tl4l-ry(plSnnr-pft.tfo'shT4-r]^),n. [LL.
pieMpoietMariut ; I*, plenus + pdeniia power.] One
anthoriaed to transact any buainasa ; ambaaaador to a f or*
ai|pi ooort, having full power to negotiate treaties, etc.
i«a. Containimf, conf erring, or having full power.
FItnfl-tlldO C-tiid), n. [L. pleniiudOy fr. plenuM.^
Tba being full or complete ; fullness ; abundance.
Pltnfli-OiUI (-t^fis), a. 1. Containing plenty ; abun-
dant ; copious ; sufficient for every purpose. 2. Yield-
ing abondanoa; fruitful. 3. Having plenty; abound-
faif ; rioh.—Flm'ts^NUhly, adv.— Plen'to-oos-iiess, n.
Syn*— Plentifnl ; copious ; full. See Ampu.
Pun^fal (-tT-ful), a. 1. Containing plenty ; ample.
2. FraitfuL— Pl«ra-fally, adv.-Fientl-fiil-nMM, n.
Vk&Dttf (-ty), n. [OF. plenU, fr. L. pUnHas, f r. pie-
iMW.] Fiul ; enough and to spare ; ample supply for hu-
laan wanta. —a. Plentiful ; abundant.
Syn* — Abundance ; exuberance. See ABUin>AKCB.
VWO'nMMBk (pIS't-nla'm), n. [Or. a-Aeo^acrfuk, fr.
vAiwr more, compar. of voAvf much.] Redundancy of
language ; use of more words than are neoessar}'. — Fle^-
o^tsHo (.nia'tTk), Ple/o-nas'tlo-al, a.
Ptoth'O-n (pl8th'ft-rA), n. [Or. irAi}^^. fr. irAi}9«(v
to be or become fulL] Overfullness ; repletion.
Pl»-tllOriO (plt-tliVlk or pHSth^-rTk), ti. [Gr. irAij.
^oucAk.] Havbig a full habit of body, or exce«» of blood.
Plevfni (plu'rA), n. ; pi. L. PLKUitA (-rS), E. Plkuras
(-rfts). [Or. irA«vp<£ rib, sideO Serous membrane cover-
ing the lungs and thorax. — Ptonfal. 't.
Fimt'Xi^ff C-rT-eJ^), n. [Or. irAevpiTtf (ac. v6(m), fr.
vAsvpa.] Inflammation of the pleura.
Id. U^ pi k-Hr€t -cat u m , to fold.1
Plafted; ^^
Plicate Leaf.
, plinth.]
PlM-lttlo(plfl-rTtmc),)o. (a)P«rttoplMriav. (»)
PlMI-rttflo-«l (-T-kal), ) Suilaing from plauriay.
PltQ'IO-inwa-mo^Bi-A (-i^-nfl-mynl-i), n. [Pleuro-
-{-pneumonia,'] Inflammation of the pleura end lunga.
rasl-fOfBI (pl8ka^-f8rm), a. [P/«xim -f •form.'}
like network; complicated.
FIflf'itt (-!U), fl. CL-, br^d, fr. pltcter^, /i/ezum, to
twiLit' ] A i^etwurk of veAfiols, ufifve^, &T Uburn^
Pll'a-bta t(>li'j^'jn), u. [F., (r, fjiier to bond.] 1.
Cmi'^kiilh^ u^ ht.-lwn it]k^\ or tn^iit; il<eiiibki ; laliaiit; aupple;
yi> 1 1 1 1 1 1 k- 2 , r^^ ^ ] h]f i u diepoAi tiou. — PU'ft-bto-neM,
Pll a bll'l-ty, Pii'&a-or (-flii-jit), ji,
Pli'antt ti. [F. ; p. pr* ol pti^r,] Q.ip.ibi^ [rf plying
01 t^trt^iuiv i tivxih^B I tndikms. ~ FU'Aiit-newi, \
Pli^CftteMttt).
Fll'ca-tad (ki t&t), |
fol'J*^'l till*? n fail.
with Un\n jawA, for Iwndiiijt or cutting
m<'t d 'AiTi\ ItiuidlioK amnU objectm t^'t^.
Pllsht ( III! t),H~ lA^. ftfthi dsuiK^T,
fr. ffiftUi tit rink ; to litiziu-d. 1 1. ThAt
wtikb it* eiirijsed to rjnk^or fji pLifrht«^
or i»]t!dued . 'A EiiifL- : j}}*.-ilim.\ 3. i.'OiiLil-
tiun : kLiiM: — r. /. 1. To givf .l .:
pledge for the performance of aome
act ; aa, to plight faith, honor, word,
etc. 2. To engage ; to betroth. — Plucllfar, n.
FUntll (plTnth), n. [Or. irAtytfov brick, tile, ]
Lowest member of a column or pedestal.
Pli'O-Oeae (pll'd-aSn), a. [Or. a-A«(W more -f- kou^
new.] Pert, to the moet recent division of the Tertiary
age. —n. The Pliocene period or deposits.
Plod (pl5d), V. <. [Cf. OaeL, clod, pooL] l.TotraTel
slowly but steadily ; to trudge. 2. To tou ; to drudge.
— V. /. To walk on slowly or heavily.
Plot (pl5t), n. [AS.] 1. A small extent of ground ;
plat. 2. Plan or draught of a field, estate, etc, drawn
to a scale. — v. /. To make a plot, map, or plan, of.
PlotfA. [Abbr. fr. 0omp/ol.] 1. Scheme, stratagem,
or pkui, to accompliah aome purpoae ; conspiracy ; in-
trigue. 2. The story of a play, novel, poem, etc.
Syn. — Intrigue ; stratagem ; cabal ; contrivaaoe.
—V. i. 1. To conspire. 2. To scheme.— v. I. To con-
trive secretly. — Plot'tor, n.
Ploagh (plou), n. & V. Plow. -
PlOT^ (plfiv^r), n. [OP. plorier rain bird, fr. L.
pfuvia rain, pluere to rain.] 1. A limicoline game bird.
2. The American upland, or field, plover ; a sandpiper.
Plow ) (plou), n. [AS. pl9h.) 1. An implement,
Ploagll ) drawn by horses, oxen, or other power, to
turn up the soil to prepare it for bearing cropa, etc.
2. A Jofaier*8 plane for making grooves. — v. f. & i. 1.
To turn up, break up, or trench, with a plow. 2. To out
a groove (in a plank, edge of a board, etc.).
nSuSi^-Ue, } "• ^*P**>^« ®' ^^ plowed ; arable.
Plow'boy', \ n. A bov that drives or guides a team
in plowmg ; a young rustic.
One who plows; plowman; culti-
Plongli'or, i vator.
Plowman, \n. 1. One who plows ; a huabaad-
Plongll'mtll, ) man. 2. A rustic ; countryman.
now'Sliaro', ) n. Part of a plow, cutting the earth
',1 at the bottom of the furrow.
' " " {KB. pluceian.! 1. To pull;
to draw. i. To pull off or out from something : to twitch.
3. To strip (a fowl, etc.) of featherx, etc. — n. 1. A
pluckinfr : ptil) ; twitch. 2. The heart. liver, and lights
of an animal. 3. Spirit ; courage. — Plnok'or, n.
Plnok^ i-S\ a. Having pluck ; courageous.
Plug (Plfig). n. [Akin to D. & O. pjloek.} 1. Piece
of wood, metal, etc., to stop or fill a hole; stopple.
2. A cake of pressed tobacco. iU. S.] 3. A high silk
Ploofli'siitin'v
PlnS(piak),v.f.&<.
fSm, recent, drb, nida, fyll, flm, food, ftfbt, out, oil, oUair, bo, slug, i)}k, then, tj&ia.
PLUM
430
PNEUMONIA
wemtn «• xu ■eat wiui mnhi.
inff) with • syatem of plumt
nvm-lMi'go (-bi'gs), n.
1. Graphite; black l«uL 2.
. - Plvm-bafl-IMIIS (-bSKT<niU), a.
/er (ptttm'ir); n. [F. pfomMre.] One
ka in lead ; one who furniahea, fita, and
^4
I
hat ISIang, U. 5.] 4. A worthleM bona. iSUmg,
U. 5.] * V. I. To atop with a plug ; to make tight.
Plum fplOmX n. [AS. vlume^ fr. L. pntnum. Cf.
Piura dried plum.1 1. Sdible drupaceoua fruit of a
tree of manjr Tarietiea ; the tree itself. 2. A gr<ipe dried
in the aun; raiaiu. 3. A handaome fortune ; formerly,
in cant Unguage, £100,000 ; one poMeiaing it.
H Pln'BUI (pln'mA), ». [L.] A feather.
Flum'afft (plSn/tJ), n, [F., fr. plume feather.] A
bird's clothing of feathera.
Plmdl (plam), n. [F. piomb^ U plumbum lead, a
bullet.] A weight of lead, etc., attached to a line, and
naed to indicate a Tertioal direction ; plummet.
Ramb Una. (a) Cord luspendiiur a plumb: plummet.
(b) Line directed to the center of grarity of the earth.
— nomb rale, a narrow board with a plumb line, uaed by
builders and carpenters.
i^o. Perpendicular ; vertioaL— aJv. Perpendio-
oUrly. -> V. L 1. To adjust by a plumb line ; to
make perpendicular. 2. To souna (depth of wa-
ter) with a plumb or ^nmmet; to fathom; to
^ 3. To seal with lead. 4. Tosupply(abuild-
) with a system of plumUng.
2. f. -^^^ ^^ plumbum,-}
_^ . An herbaceous plant ;
leadwoVt. — " ' " ' ■ "
Pliimb'<
who works
repairs pipea and apparatus for oonveying watOT,
gas, or aiainage in buildings. Ptumb
pUunb'flr.w (.»), ». [r. plomberie,-} A place Rule,
where plumbuig Is carried ou ; lead worka.
PlmilllillC n. 1. The casting and working lead, and
i^yplving it to building purposea ; the furnishing pipes for
conducung water, sewage, etc 2. Pipea and apparatus
used to convey water, sewage, etc, in a building.
llPllimlllimC-bfim), a. [L.] Lead.
PlimM (plum), n. [F. ; L. p/tima.] 1. A feather.
2. Ornamental tuft of feathers. 3. A token of prowess ;
a prise ->v. <. 1. To adjust the plumes or feathers of ;
to prink. 2. To adorn with plumea. 3. To pride (one's
asdh ; to Taunt ; to boast.
Pltt'ml-ped (plS'mT-pSd), a. [L. plumipes^ -pedis;
pluma -f- ptf* foot.] Having feet covered with feathers.
« n. A plnmiped Dird.
PlUnllMt (plOm'mSt). n. [OE. A OF. plommet^ fr.
OF. ptom, plum.) 1. Piece of lead attached to a line,
for sounding depth of water. 2. A plumb line ; a weight.
PlQ-mOM' (plt-mSs^), la. [L. plumotuM^ fr. pluma
Pta'Bloni (plu'mfis), I feather.] 1. Having feath-
ers or plumes. 2. Feathery ; plumelike.
PlUBIV (plttmp), n. rOE. & D. plomp rude, dunwr ;
akin to O. ft 0w. plump. ] Well rounded or filled out ; full ;
fleshy; fat.* v. i, & t. 1. To grow, or make, plump;
to swell out. 2. To drop suddenly or heavily, all at
once. —adv. Directly; suddenly; perpendicularly.
Plmnp^flr, n. 1. One that plumps or sweUs out some-
thing else ; something carried in the mouth to distend
the cheeks. 2. A downright, unqualified lie. [Co/to^.]
II PlQlmi-Ul (plu'mfi-lA), n. [L] A plumule.
Plnlnille (-rafil), ». IL. plumula^ dim. of pluma
feather.] 1. First bud, or gemmule,
of a young plant ; bud, or growing
point, of the embryo, above the cotv-
ledons. See IlhtM. of Radicle. 2.
(a) A down feather. (A) Aftershaft
of a feather. See lUutt. under
Fbathsk.
PlWBl'7 (plum']^), a. Covered with
plumes ; feathery. «, piumule.
Vluaf^n (plfin'dSr}, v, t. [O. pl&n-
dem to plunder, plunder frippery, baggage.] 1. To take
the goods of without right. 2. To take by pillage.
Sjn. — To pniage ; despoil ; sack ; rifle ; strip ; rob.
2. That whlahk
— n. 1. A plundering or plUagfaitf.
taken from an enemy, or by fraud. — 1 , .„
PlimM (plfinj), V. t, [OF. phngier, fr. L. plumbum
lead.] X To thrust into water or any penetrable aub-
stance; to immerse quickly and forcibly; to thmat.
2. To baptise by immenion. —v. i. 1. Tb oast oae*t
self into watOT or other fluid; to dive, or to mah in.
2. To pitch headlong or violently forward, as a horae
doea. — n. A plunging, dive, leap, ruah, etc
1«r (plfln^Sr). n. 1. One that plu
2. A long aoUd cylinder, naed instead of a pia-
3. r ' —
PllW]
diver.
that pIuBma;
_ , . sd of a I
ton in pumps. 3. Firing pin of a breechloading gun.
PliBCer posp, a pump having a phmger, instead of a pia>
ton, to act upon the water.
FlU'Vtrfwt (plu'p^r'fSkt), a. [L. plus mora + per-
/eetue perfect. ] More than pMf eot ; past perfect ; ~ aaid
of the tense denoting an action completed at or before
the time of another past aotioD.— ». The pluperfect
tense ; a verb in that tense
PlU'kll C-ral), a. PL. pluroHSf fr. plue, plmrit^ more.]
Relating to, or ccmtaining, more titan one ; deaignating
two or more. — fi. The i^ural number ; that form of a
word which denotes more than one
Plntll-tat, n. A dermaan holding more than one
ecclesiastical benefice. lEng.']
FlU-nai-ty (-rllT-tj^), n. 1. A being plural, or con-
sisting of more than one ; a number consisting of two or
more of tlie same kind. 2. The greater number; a
majority ; the greatest of several numbera ; In electtooa,
the exoeas of the votes given for one candidate over thoae
given for any other candidate. ^ Plii'nd-ly, adr.
Plus (plfis), a. [L., more.] 1. More, required to be
added; poaitive,aaaisting.fr. negative ;—opp. touHmue,
2. AddiUooal; real; actual.
Plus sign, the aign [->-] denoting additton, or a poaittve
quantity.
Plllll (plflsh), n. [F. plueke, pelueke, fr. L. oUus
hair.] A textQe fabric with a nap or ahag on one aide.
Pinto (pltt'td), n. CL.,fr.Or.nAoi{TMr.] The fabled
aon of Satwlm and One, and god of the Lower World.
Pln-tOO^lA-OF (-Wk'riUsjO, n, [Or. vAi
vAovToc wealUi + spars u* to rule.] A form of govern-
ment which puU aupreme power in the handa of the
wealthy classes { a controlling class of rich man.
Pln'tOHont (-t«-krit), n. One whose wealth givea
him power or influence ; one of the plutocracy. — PIV-
tO-onflO, a. rScience of wealth. I
Pln-Ml'O^T (-t9l'»-JV), n. [Or. vAevroc + -ion-ll
Plm-tOBlo (-tfinOk), Plll-to'Bi '*n (-tO'nT-an), a. 1.
Pert, to Pluto ; subterranean. 2. Igneoua.
Pllf^rl-Al (-vT-ol), a. [L. pluriaiie, fr. pluvia rain.]
Produced by action of rain.
Pta'fi-om'e-ttf (•5m't.t8r), VlQfji-§mr94m (-imt-
tJr}, fi. [L. pluvia -f- -meter.} A rata gauge.
PIiKtIhnis (-fis), a. [L, pluvionu, pluviut, It. pluria. ]
Abounding in rain; rainy; pluvial.
Ply (^, V. /. IF. plier to fold, bend, fr. L. plieare.}
1. To lay on doaely, or ta f olda ; to work upon steadily ;
to urge importunately. 2. To use steadily. 3. To work
at.«-v.<. To act, go, or work steadily; to do something
by repeated actions; to go back and forth. — n. 1. A
fold ; plait ; torn or twist, as of a cord. 2. Bent ; biae
PMa-matlO (nfi-mXtTk), \ o. [Or. wrtv/uLtudK, fr.
PlWU-IIMifl04a (-T-koI), ) vrcv/to, -fuirot. wind,
air, vycir to blow, breathe] 1. Consisting of, or like,
air, or an ehwtic fluid ; gaseous ; — opp. to dente or tdid.
2. Pert, to pneumatics. 3. Moved by pressure or flow
of air. 4. Fitted to contain air; having cavities filled
with air. [ties of eUstk fluide I
PlMQ^IUItios, ». Science of the mechanical proper- 1
PlMQ'nui-Ml'O-gT (•m&-t51'»-jy), n. [Pneumato- +
-/ooy.] Doctrine of, or treatise on, air and elastic fluids.
PIMO-IIIO^-A (-mlVtaT-i), ». TOr. vr«v|«eWc, fr. vrvtf-
fuivt pi. rycvfiom the lungs.] Inflammati<Hi of the lunga.
i, i, 1, 0, a, long ; ft, «, 1, «, O, tt abort { tanftte, ivaat, tdaa, 5bay, Oalta, oAra, li^i^ Aak, fll, tenL
PNEUMONIC
431
POLARITY
(nt-mOnTk), a, {a) Pert, to the lungs.
(6) Ptf rt. to pneumonia. — n. Medicine for the lunga.
PoaAll (pocti)t v. t, [F. poeher to pocket, to poach
eggs, fr. poche pocket, pooch.] 1. To cook (eggs) by
breaking Uiem into boiling water. 2. Toj>ocket and oon-
▼ey atray (game) by atealth ; to plunder. — r. i. To ateal
game ; to hunt or flah unlawf uuy. — PlMMdl'ar, n.
POMdfy (-f ), a. Wet and aoft ; marahy.
Fodk (pOk), n. [AB. ooce, poe. CI. Fox.] Pustule
raiaed on tlie surface of tne boay in smallpox, etc.
Pook'Ct (pSk'St). n. [OF. po^iier/e.] 1. A pouch ;
nnaU bag inserted m a garment for carrying small arti-
cles ; money ; wealth. 2. (a) OarlW in a rock contain-
ing a nugget of gold, or <yther mineral ; small body of ore
In soch cavity. (6) Hole containing water. * v. t. 1. To
pot, or oonoraL in the pocket. 2. To take clandesthiely.
Pook'Ct-lMOk' (-b«dk')t n. Case for carrying papers,
money, eta, in the pocket.
P06kf«t-]Dllft^ (-nU')t »• A knife whoM blades fold
into the handle so as to be carried in the pocket.
PiOOk^laaik (-mlirk), n. Mark or pit made by small-
pox. — Pook'nuilna' (-mXrkf ), a.
~ *~'7 (-V), o. Full of pocks or pustules,
-d), ». '"- • *• ' •*•
(pM),
[Probw akin to pudding, and perh.
same word as p(^ cushion.] 1. A capsule of a
a l^;nme; a dry dehiscent fruit. 2. A
number of animals clustered together ; — said of
seals.— v.i. To swell: to fill; to produce pods.
Po'MIl (p9^m), n, \JL.poima^ Or. «Oii||yM, fr. i
VOMIT to make, write.T 1. A metrical compoai- I
tion charactaff led by imagination and poetic dio- I
tion ; — disting. f r. prote, 2. A oompositi<m, not I
in Terse, whose language is imaginative or impa»> \
fir.] 1. Poetina skilL
[F. poiiie^ Or. votiy^K, fr. ^ ^
skilL 2. Poetry ; metrical I"^
composition. 3. Motto engraved on a ring, etc ; posy.
Po'ft (-Bt), n. [F. piOUy Or. woiiynkj Author of a
poem ; imaginative thinker or writer. — FVtt-6M, n. /.
P0-«M0 (p*-8t^k), ) a. 1. Pert, to poetry ; suiUble
P0-«t1<Mll (-T-kol), ) for poetry. 2. Expressed in
metrical form ; imaginative. — Po-tHo-tl-ly, adv.
Potties, n. Principles and rules of poe^. fixe. I
Po'Vl-lM (p8^t-b), V. i. Tb write as a poet ; to ideal- 1
Wtd-TJ {-rf)% n. 1. The apprehending and inter-
preting ioeas by imaginatlm. 2. Imaginative composi-
tion ; verse ; rhyme ; poems collectively.
Poll(pS)ite^. Exclamation of disgust ; bah!
Pol (pO'i), n. A food of the Hawallans, being a fer-
mented paste made from the kalo (or taro) root.
PolgB'AlIt (poin'ont), a. [F., p. pr. of poindre^ L.
mmofre to prick, sting.] 1. Prickrae; slutrp; pungent.
8. Pointed; keen; satirical —Polgll'ui-oy, n.
Point (point), n. [F. ; L. pnnetum, fr. pungere,
punduimj to priok.] 1. That which pricks ; sharp end of
a needle, pin, etc. 2. Anything which tapers to a sharp
end ; promontory or cape. 3. Mark made bv a sharp
instrument; prick. 4. An indefinitelv small space;
In geometry, that which has position, but not length,
breadth, nor thickness, ft. A moment ; instant ; ttie
verge. 6. A mark of punctuation ; a stop, as a comma,
aamioolon, or period ; an end or conclusion. 7. Degree ;
step; stage; position attafaied. 8. Salient feature;
item; detelL 9. Tlie prominent feature of an argument,
discourse, etc. ; essential matter. 10. A small matter ;
trifle ; pimctilio. U. (a) One of tlie points of the com-
pass, or of the 32 divisions of the card in tlie mariner's
oompass, of wlUoh the 4 marking east, west, north, nnd
south, are called cardinal points. See Tllust. under (Tom-
pass, (b) The difference Wween two points of the com-
pass. 12. Attitude of apdnter dog when he finds game.
—9. 1. 1. To give a pofafit to ; to sharpen. 2. To direct
toward an object ; to aim. 3. To direct the attention of.
^ To punctuate, ft. To indicate, as if by pointing. 6.
ToflllupJoint8of(awaU). — v.i. 1. Todireot(af
etc.) so as to designate an object. 2. To indicate the prea*
enoe of game by a fixed look, as certain hunting dogs do.
•*-^*'.|llmi]^ f -'-' ^""'-* " - ■■■" --^-' _-r_. .
(point/bllakO, i». [F. point point -f-
blane white.] The point toward which a projectile is
aimed. — a. 1. Aimed directly toward tlie mark. 2.
Direct; plain; unqualified. — adv. Directly.
Polnfod. a. 1. Sharp; having a sharp point. 2.
Sharp or pithy in expresnon ; terse ; directea to a par-
ticuhir person or thing* ~ Polllt'Od-ly, adv.
PolBfor, n. One that points, (a) Hand of a time-
piece. (6) One of a breed of dogs trained to stop at sceut
of game, and with
the nose point it
out to sportsmen. * ^ . -^^^^^ sn
{e) pi. Two stars in . .^ ■iki^&^KiTI TIT
the Oreat Bear, the ^^ ^*-^^^^^^ ^"^ *■
line between which
points nearly in the
direction of the
north star. _ , ,
Pointer.
Having no point ; blunt ; obtuse. — PoiaHtw ly, adr.
Syn. — Blunt ; obtuse ; duU ; stupid.
Mm (poix), n. [OS. & OP. poiSf peis, fr. 'L.jtenmtm
portion weighed out, neiuferf to weigh out.] 1. Oravity :
heaviness. 2. Weight need to balance the substaue«i
weiglied. 3. Equipoise ; equilibrium : rest. 4. Count-
erweight. — v. I. 1. TolMdance. 2. To hold in eouilib-
rium. 3. To counterbalance. 4. To weigh. ^ r. f. Tu
bang in equilibrium ; to be in suspense or doubt.
POPmmi (poi's'n), n, [F. ; f r. I*, potio a drink, potion,
poisonous draught, fr. potare to drink.] Any agwit pro-
ducing a morbid or deadly effect.
Syn. — PonoH ; Vmtsom ; virus ; bane : pest ; malignity.
— Poison denotes sometliii^ received into the svsteni by
the mouth, breath, etc. l^nom is discharged from ani-
mals and received by a wound, as by a bite or stiug.
Hence, vonom implies nudignity of nature or purpose.
—V. ^ 1. To put poison upon or into; to infect with
poison. 2. To injure or kill by poison ; to administer
poison to. 3. To taint ; to vitiate.— v. i. To actas, or
convey, a poison. —Pol'Mfl-or, n. — PoI'MH-OIIS, a.
POBO (pSkX n. A large North American herb, bearing
dark purple Juicy berries of emetic and purgative proper-
ties, and used in medicine. [2. A long, wide sleeve. I
PQk»,n. [AS. Dooo-poAAo.] 1. A bag ; sack ; pocket. |
Pokit, V. t. iCi. to. poken to prick, pok dagger,
knife.] 1. To thrust with anything pointed ; to stir up :
to exdte. 2. To thrust with the horns ; to gore. — v. i.
To search; to grope. — n. 1. A poking; thrust; Jog.
2. A larv person; dawdler; stupid or uninteresting per-
son. [Slang^ U. 8.^ 3. Yoke to prevent an animal
from breaking through fences. [27. o.']
Pok'or (pSk'ir), n. 1. One who pokes. 2. Anything
used in poking; metal rod for stirring a fire.
Pok'or, n. A game at cards derived from brag.
Pdk'or, n. rOf. Dan. pokker deuce, devil.] Any im-
agined frightful object : bugbear. [CoUoq. U. 8.\
Po^laad-or (p5nand-ilr), n. Pole ; citisen of Poland.
Pdar (p^'ler), a. 1. Pert, to one of the poles of the
earth, or of a sphere ; situated near, or proceeding from,
one of the poles. 2. Pert, to the msgnettc pole, or point
to V7hich the magnetic needle is directed. 3. Pert, to,
reckoned from, or having, a common radiating point.
II PO-UfrlS (p«-)I'rTs), n. [NL.] The polestar.
Po-larl-lOOpe (-lirO-skSp), n. iPolar ^ -seope.l In-
strument for poUrlsing light, and analysing its properties.
Po-larl-ty (-ty), n. <)usility of a body whereby it px-
hibits opposite, or contrasted, propertiM or powers, in
opposite, or contrasted, parts or directions ; as, attraction
and repulsion in the opposite parts of a magnet, dissimi-
lar phenomena corresponding to the different sides of a
polarised ray of light, etc.
ftTD, raoent, ftrb, ryde, fyll, Hn, ftfbd, ftfbt, out, oil, eliair, go, sins, iQk, then, thin.
POLABIZATION
432
POLYGAMIST
[Prob. fr. F. potUe hen, and orlg.,
Vo^lar-lM (p9nSr-Is)f v. t. To eommnniomto polmrity
to. — F^lnT-t-M^ttWli n.
Foto (pOlX n. An inhabitant of Poland ; Polander.
PidAf n. [AS. pS/, L. paltu."] 1. A long « slender piece
of wood. 2. A meaanrfug stick : measure of length equal
to 6^ yards ; square measure equal to 30^ square yards :
rod; perch. ->v. /. 1. To fumiali (b^ns, etr.) with
poles for support. 2. To convey on poles. 3. TO impel
(a boat) by poles.
PidAf n. [L. polus. Or. irtfAo; pivot or hinge, axis.]
1. Either extremity of an axis of a sphere ; one of th«>
extremities of the earth's axis. 2. One of the oppoalte
parts or directions in which a polar force is manifested ;
a point of maximum IntensitT of a force which has two
each points, or which has pouurity. 3. The Armament.
Polf oat' (-kif ), ». [Prob. fr. F. pouie hen, and orlg.
a poultry oat.] AsuiaU
European carnivore of
the Weasel family,
whose soent glands se-
crete a substance of
foul odor. Called also
Mehetf /ouimart^ and
European ferret.
fAur^ warlike, fr. ndXt/iof,) 1. Pert. to. or involving,
controversy. 2. Eugaged in, or addicted to, polemics ;
dispuUtious. * ». A cootroveraiaUst ; disputant. — Po-
Itmlo-al. a.
Po-lenilM, n. Disputation : theological science of
ecclesiastical controversy. (2. A guide or director. I
Poto^SUx' (pW'stir'), n. 1. PoUris, or the north sUr. !
Po-Um' (p«-15s9, n . [F., fr. L. politia condition of a
state, administration. Or. iroAircbo, fr. iroAtriff citisen,
«^At«city.1 1. A Judicial and executive system, for gov-
erning a city or district, preserving order, cleanliness,
health, eto. 8. Internal regulation of a state. 3. Or-
ganised body of civil ofllcers charged with preservation
of order, detection and suppresaion of crime, etc. — r. /.
To keep in order.
Po-uMrmail, n. Member of a body of police : constable.
PoUnnr (pWT-sy), n, [h. politia. Or, wf^kiTtia.} 1.
Method of administering the government and alTairs of a
nation. 2. Sjrstem of management ; course. 3. Worldly
wisdom ; dexterity of management ; cunning : stratagem.
4. Prudence in managing affairs ; sagMrity ; wit.
8yti. — 8ee PoLmr.
PMl-eyt n. [F. police; of uncertain origin.] 1. A
ticket or warrant for money in the public funds. 2.
Writing embodying a contract of insurance. 3. A bet-
ting on numbers to be drawn In a lottery.
Mlsh (pSlTsh), a. Pert to Poland or ito inhabitants.
•■ n. Language of the Poles.
polish IpJMTsh), r. I. [F. pdir, L.polire.-\ 1. To
make smooth and glossy ; to burnish. 2. To refine ; to
make elegant and polite. —r. i. To become smooth, as
from friotion ; to take a glossy surface. -> n. 1. Smooth
surface ; gloss ; luster. 2. Anything used to produce gloss.
3. Refinement : elegance of manners. — Pollsh-MT, n.
PO-Ut*' (p6-llt0, A. [L. polire, poUtnm.] 1. Smooth
in behavior or manners. 8. Characterised oy refinement,
or high finish. — Po-Ut*l7« ndr.
Syn. — Polished ; refined : well bred ; urbane : civil.
FHl>-Utt'II0M. n. The being polite ; reflnemeut.
Syn. — PoLmums ; Coubtist : good breeding : refine-
ment ; urbanity : onnrteousness ; affability : complai-
sance ; civility; gentility ; courtliness.- /»o/i7f »*<»;»;» d»»notes
that ease of manners first found in cities, connected with
a desire to please others. Cottrte.ty is the p<flitenes» of
courts. It appears in the address and manners : it is
shown especially In receiving and entertaining others,
and is s union of dignified complaisance and kindness.
PtdO-tlO (pBITtTk), a, [Or. iroAm<(tf< belonsring to
citisens or to the state, fr. iroAtnK citizen.] 1. Pert, to
polity, or civil government : political. 2. Pert to, or
promoting, a policy; well-devtsed. 3. Sagadoos In
devising and advancing a system of management; de^
voted to a scheme ratiier than to a principle ; in a |
sense, wise : prudent : in a had aenae, artful ; (
Syn. - Wise ; prudent ; discreet : prorldent : wary.
IH>-lin-€Al (p«-lTta.kal), a. 1. Pert, to pablSe ptAkj,
or to politics ; relating to affairs of state or admlnlstr»>
tion. a. Pertaining to parties.— Po-ltt^-«d4F.O(fr.
science of the soarces, producoon, and
preservation, ofthe material prosperity of i
P«llti'GUui (pfil'T-tTsh'on), n. 1. One
science of government ; stotesmrn. 2. One aeddng ad-
vancement in public office, or success of a party; intriguer.
Poll-tlM (-tTks), a. 1. Science of government ; reg-
uUtion of a nation or state. 2. Management of a politi-
cal partv ; oontesto of parties concerning adminiatratiOB
of irablic affairs ; advancement of candklateB to olBee ;
political Intrigue or trickery.
Poll-ty (-^), n. [L. politia, Or. mtJunim.} 1. Coo-
stitution of the civil government of a state ; orgi
of departmenta into a qrstematic whoto. 2.
constitution by which any Institntion is organised ; pri».
ciples lying at tlie foundation of any human institution.
Sirn. — PouTT : Pouct. — Theae two words were orig-
inally the same. Polt/if is now confined to tlte structure
of a government J while voliey is applied to the i
mcnt of public affairs with reference to somealmoi
Polity has the further sense of cunning t
PoTka (pSIOcA), n. [Pol.PoMvaPol
Polish dance performed by two persona.
Poll (p51), n. [Fr. Polfy, proper name.] A parrot
PoU(p01),». rAkintoL0.p4?/ehead,ereatofabird,
top of a tree.1 i. The head ; back part of the head.
2. A nuihber of heads ; list of iudividusls. 3. Register of
electors. 4. Eleotimi. 6. pi' Place where votes are cast
PoQ tax, atax levied by the head, or poll ; capitation tax.
« r. /. 1. To remove the poll of ; to clip ; to km ; to
mow or crop. 2. To pav as one's penKmal tax. 3. Tt>
enter (poUs or persons) In a register ; to enroll. 4. To
register or deposit (a vote) ; to call forth (votes or voters).
— Pttll'er, H.
Pollard (p9FI8rd), n. [Fr. poU head.] 1. A tree
iMving iU top cut oil, that It nuiy throw ont branchea*
2. (a) A fifh^ the chub. (6) A stag that haa oast Ka
antlers, (c) A hornless animal (oow or ■heep).->v. L
To lop the tops of (trees) ; to poU.
Poilan (-lin ), n. [L. , fine flour ; cf . Or. vaAiy. ] The
fecundating dustUke cells of the anthera d flowera.
H PlAltl (p9in8ks), n. ; pi. Polucis (-n-*Ss). [L.,
thumb.] The first dwit of the fore limb ; the thumb.
PolOl-wlc (-IT-wTg), ) n, rOB. wtlvcigle, Cf. Poll,
Poini-WOff (-IT-wlWr), f head, andWreoLL] A tadpole.
PoiaookTlok), A. A sea fish, allied to the cod.
Pol-lnta' (-into. V. t. [L. polluert, -lutum, to defUe,
fr. luere to waah.i 1. To make impure ; to deaecrate.
-WI41
J A
2- To debauch.
8yn.-
May.
l-lnff
-Pot-lntlott,!!
i MHiit : €' '
Polliwig.
Syn. — To defile ; corrupt : taint :
\ WOf (-lT-w»g), II. Polliwlt.
PoOo (pOnio), n. [Of Eastern origin.] 1. A game of
ball resembling hockey, with the players on horseback.
2. A similar game played by skaters.
PolO-lialaa' (•nfa'), a. [F., Polish.] Piert to the
Poles, or to Poland . * n. 1. The Polish language. 2. A
woman's dress, consisting of a body and outer akirt In
on<» piece. 3. A stately Polish dance.
Pol-troon' (p01-tr65n0< n. [F. pcltrom^ f r. It poUt&M
idle fellow, coward, poltro Idle, laiy.] An arrant coward ;
dastard. * a. Base ; vUe. — Pol-tTOOB'tr-F i-tr-f). «.
Pollr-ailtlMUKpOKT-XD^bas), n. [VL., fr. Or. iroX«^
ai^Dc rich In flowers ; iroAvt + 4»<#of flower.] (« ) A spe»
ciea of fiower whose peduncle bears a manyflowered wn-
bel. {b) A bulbous flowering plant of the Nareisns kind.
Po-lyra-mtSt (p^-lTg'i-mtst), n. One who praetloes
or advocates polygamy.
ft, S, 1, 0, 0, kmg : ft, «, 1. 5, A, t* aliort ; aaoMe, 3vent, tdea, 5bey, Anita, oAn, Urm, Aak, tn.
POLYGAMOUS
433
PONTOON
liring la polygamy ;
(p^-lTf^i-mtts), a. [Or. voAvyaviof
.' t voAvf 4- yauof marriage.] Pert, to,
or involvtug^ polvgamy ; haviiig a plurality of wiTea.
Po-lyg'a-my C-my), n. l. The baring a plurality of
wires or hoabaadB at the nme time ; — opp. to monoso-
my. 8. The haring more than one mate.
PoKy-glOt (p^An-glOc), a. [Or. iroAvyA«»rTot many-
toiwiied; mokAt + yAMrra, ykStoau^ tongue, language.]
1. Cootainlng aererai languagea. 2. Veriied in many lau-
gnagea. — n. 1. One who spwiks aererai languages. 2. A
book containing sereral reraions of the same text, or con-
taining the same subject matter in sereral languages.
Pttl'y-faa (-g5n), n. [Or. wo\vymtHK polygonal ; woKvs
-f- yuvia angle.] A ^ — ^.,_^ y y >v
plane figure baring / \ / \ /^ X^
m<uiy angles and/ \/ \^ 7
sides; esp., oneV /\ /\ I
whose perimeter \ V \ / \ /
coMbts of more than ^^^'^ ^ '^ ^ '
four sides. — Po- Pulygoiu.
iTK^O-aal (p6-lTg^-nal), a.
ra^-gn^ (p«lT-gr*f), «. [Or. iroAvypa^or writing
much ; iroAv« -f* TP^^ to write.] 1. Instrument for
multiplying copies of a writing ; copying machine. 2. In
bibliography, a collection of different works. — Pol'y-
gnphle (-grSfTk), Pory-fraph'io-al, a.
Po-lyrtA-1^7 (p«-llg'rtfy ), n. 1. Art of writing in
rarious ciphers. 2. Use of a polygraph.
Pol'y-lM'droil (pSl'T-hS'drSn), n. [NL., fr. Or. iroAv-
cipot with manv sides; voMk j- iipa seat, side.] A
geometrical body or soljd contained b^ many sides or
nany sic
planes. — Ptfl'y-lM'dna (-hS'dral), Jhd'y-liaaillMa
r-hS'KrT-kal), FtAfJ-h^^naM (-hS'drlis), a.
PlA'y-BraUa GnS'shon or -Shan), a. Pert, to Poly-
i (the islands of the eastern and central Pacific), or
to the Polynesians. —n. A natire of Polynesia.
pQl'y-ao'Bll-al (-uS'mT-ol), n. [Poly- + -nomtal^ as
in monomial^ binomial.] An algebraic expression com-
posed of two or more terms, connected by the signs plus
or mintu; as, a* — 2ab -f- fts. — a. 1. Oontaining many
namei or terms. 2. Consisting of two or more words.
Pid'yp (p51tp), «. [L. polypus^ Or. iroAvswf , iroAt^
wo6o«, many-footed ; voAvr 4- vovf, aro^, foot.] (a) One
oi uie feeding or nutritire cooids of corals, etc. (6)
One of the Anthosoa. [Written also polype.']
P«l'y-P0t'al-OIUI (.I-p«fal-tts), a. [Po/y. -|- petal.}
Consisting of sereral or many aeparate pet-
ala. [thosoa.!
lPol'y-pl(-pI),»».p'. [NL.] TheAn-l
Prt'y-pOIIS (-pBs), a. Of the nature of
a polypus ; haring many feet or roots, like
the polypus ; affected with polypus.
Pol'y-pns (-ptts), n. [L. See Polyp.]
1. A polyp. 2. A tumor, usually with a
narrow base, found in the nose, uterus, etc.
P«l'y-M Val-ons (-sBp'/ii-tts), «. [ Poip-
4- sepal. ] Haring the sepals separate from
each other.
Pol'T-qrl^-U* (-sTl/lA-b*!), n. [Poly, -f syllable.]
A word of manv syllables, or more syllables than three.
— Pol'y-syl-Uto^ (-sTl-isyTk), PAL'y-syl-UMo-al. a.
II pQl/y-iyn'te-toil (;sTn'd^-tSn), n. [KL., fr. Or.
iroAvf 4- owr with 4- ^u* to bind.] Rhetorical figure by
wliirh the conjnnctiou is often repeated, as in ttie sen-
tence, ** We hare ships and men and money and stores."
Opposed to asyndeton.
POPy-tMllillO (-tSk^Tk), a. [Or. voAvrrx*^ : froAvc
4- t4^ an art.] Comprehending many arts and sci-
ences ; —applied esp. to schools of art and science, and
to exhibitions of machinery and industrial products.
PQl^-ttdlfnlni, n. Science of the mechanic arts.
Fll'y-tlM-Ini (-th«-Ts*m), n. [Poly- + Or. «€<k vod.]
Doctrine of, or belief in, a plurality of gods. — Pol'y-
tl»4st, ». - Pol'y-tli^-te^o, Pdl'y-tlM-ls'tlo-Al, a.
llF0l'y-2©'ft(pW'T.iyA),n.irf. [NL.,fr.0r.ir©Xik4-
Ci^ "simal.] The bryosoa.
Pom'AOO (p&mts), n. [Ia pomum a fruit, LL., an
apple.] Substance of apples, etc., crushed by grinding.
Po-nui'OMUi (pt-uii'slitts). a. 1. (a) Like an apple
or pear ; producing pomes. (6) Pert, to a suborder of
rosaceous plants, including true thorn trees, quinces,
medlars, apples, pears, crabs, etc. 2. Like pomace.
PO-mildA' (-m&d'), fi. [F. pommade pomatum, f r. L.
pomum.] Perfumed ointment ; unguent for the hair ; po-
matum ; — orig. made from apples. [with pomatum. I
Po-ma'tlim (-mi't&m), n. Pomade. — r. t. To dress |
Pom* (p9ni), n. [L. pomum.] A fruit composed of
aererai carpela inclose<l in a fleshy mass, as an apple.
PODM'gTail'Ato (p&m'grSu'tt), n. [OP. pome tie
grenate^ L. pomum -f- granatus grained, haring many
seeds.] Oriental tree, bearing a fruit as large as an
orange, luring a hard rind containing numy seeds, each
corered with a crimson, acid pulp.
Po-mffer-ollS (pd-mTfSr-tU), a. [L. pom^er; pomum
-ifferre to bear.] Bearing pomes, or applelike fruits.
PODl'llMl (piim'mei), n. [OB. <ft OF. namely LL. po-
melius^ fr. L. pomum.] A knob or ball, (a) Knob on tlie
hilt of a sword. (6) Protuberant part of a saddlebow, (r)
Finial of a turret or parilion. «» v. l. {imp. & p. p. Pom-
MKLBD (-mSld) or Pomhxllko \ p. ur. & rb. n. Pommbumo
or PoMMBLLnio.] To beat soundly, as with the pommel
of a sword, or with the fists. [Written also pummel.]
PO-mol'O-fy (p^-mW^-jy), n. [L. pomum 4- -logy.]
Science of fruits ; cultiration of fruit trees. — Po-m^'O-
glat, fi. — Po^mo-lOi^lo-Al (-mft-19jT-kal), a.
Pomp (pOmp), n. lOE. & F. jwmpe^ L. pompa, fr. Or.
votknTf procession, pomp, fr. irftua-civ to aena.] 1. A
splendid procession ;
Syn.-DispUy
it. 2. Parade; display.
[e ; ostentation ; grandeur : pride.
Pomp'OIUI (pSmp'lls), a. [F. pompeur, L. pompostts.]
1. Displaying pomp; stately; showy with grandeur.
2. OatentaUous ; rainglorions. — Pomp'OIUI-ly, adv. —
Pomp'oaji-neM, Pom-pM'lty (pOin-pSwnr-ty), n.
Pon'ollO (p5nVh«), n. [Sp.] Spanish American cloak,
like a blanket, with a slit for the head to pass through.
Pond (pSnd), n. [Prob. same word as pound an in-
clo9ure.l A body of water smaller than a lake.
Pon'Mr (p5n'd«r), v. t. & i. [L. ponderare, U.pondus,
•derist weight, fr. pendere to weigh.] To weigh in the
mind ; to examine carefully. — Pon'oer-er, n.
Syn.— To Powder: Covriobh: Vlvnt.— To conHder
means to contemplate with fixed thought. To potuter is
to dwell upon with anxious attention, with ariew to some
decision. To muse is simply to think upon continuously.
Pon'dor-a-ldO. a. Haring appreciable weight.
Pon'dor-^NUI (-fis), a. [L. ponderosus^ fr. pondus.]
1. Very hea^; weighty. 2. Important ; momentous ;
forcible. 3. Heary ; dull ; wanting lightness or Mrit.
— Poo'dor-ons-ly, adv. — Pon'dor-os^-ty (-Us^'-ty), n.
Poo-gM' (48'), n. [Of East Indian origin.] A fabric
of undyed silk from India and China.
Poniard (-y8rd), n. [F. poignard^ it. L. pugio, -onis ;
akin to pugnus fist.] A slender dagger. — v. t. To stab.
II Pon'tl-foz (tT-mcs), n. ; pi. PownncBS (-tTfT-s8s).
[LJ A high priest ; pontiff.
Pon'tlff (-tlf), n. [L. pontifer, -fleis; pons, pontis,
bridge 4- facere to make.] A high nriest. (a) The Jew-
ish chief priest. (6) The pope. — Pon-ttflo, a.
Pon-ttflo-al, a. Pert, to a pontiff, high priest, or
pope; papal. — n. [F.] 1. A book oontaining the for-
mulas used hy a pontiff. 2. pi. Dress and ornaments of a
pontiff. — Pon-tiflo-al-ly, mlr.
Pon-tin-oate (-kit), n. l. state or dignity of a high
priest, or of the pope. 2. Term of office of a pontiff.
Pon-tOOn', Pon-ton' (p0n-t55n0, n. [F. ponton^ fr.
L. ponto, 'tonis, fr. pons, poniis.] 1.. A flat-bottomed
boat, metallic cylinder, etc., forming a portable float, to
build bridges quickly for passage of troops. 2. A low,
<inh recant, ftrb, r||d«, f^ Urn, ftfbd, fdbt, out, oU, cImIt, go, sins, i^k, then, thin.
K)NY
434
PORTAGE
flit TBMel, having machinerj', for careening ahlpa, nds-
ing weigiitu, dniwiug vUm^ etc. ; a lighter.
ro^jio(ynS),u, [Qwoh ponaidh.] 1. A amaU hone.
8 A tnuudation uaed in gettmg Icmoos ; a crib. [College
Cant] 3. A amall ghus (of beer, brandy, etc.). iSlang]
Poo'dto (p<R/dn), n. [O. nudei.] A breed of dog*
having curly hair, and often of remarkable intelligence.
Pooh (p2^), interj, Pahaw 1 piali ! nonaenae !
Pooh'-poOb'C -P5o0, r. I, To make light of ; to treat
with deriaiou. iColloq.]
PO(d (p5»), H, [A8. pOl.'} 1. A smaU collection of
water : reeervoir for water. 2. A puddle.
Pom, n. [F. fNM(/e, prop., a hen. See Pullr.] 1.
Stake pUyed for In certain games of cards, billiards, etc. ;
stake to which each player has contributed a share ; re-
ceptacle for the stakes. 2. A game at bilUards, in which
each pUyer stakes a certain sum, the winner taking the
whole, or in which the loser pays for the entire game ; a
game of skill in pocketing the balls on a pool table.
3. A gambling or commereial venture in whicn several
persons Join. t. /. & t. To contribute to a common
fund, on the basis of a mutual division of profits or losses.
Poop (pflbp), n. [F. poupe, fr. L. pupnis.} A deck
raised above the after part of a vessel ; cabhi covered by
such a deck. — r. t To strike in the stAra.
Poor (pS6r), a. [OE. A OF. povre, F. pauvre, L.
ruper,'] 1. Destitute of property ; needy ; indigent.
Destitute of desirable qualities ; lean ; feeble ; not
good ; shabby ; exhausted ; sterile ; unfavorable ; uncom-
fortable ; insignificant. 3. Worthy of pity or sympa-
thy. 4. Free from self-assertion ; meek. — POOr'llOM, n .
PoorHlOIIM' (-hous'), fi. A dwelling for paupers.
POOf^y, adv. 1. In a poor manner or condition : in
indigence. 2. With little success ; indifferently. 3.
Without »kill or merit. * a. Somewhat iU ; indisposed.
Pop (p5p>, n. [Imitative.] 1. A small, sharp explo-
sive sound. 2. A beverage which expels the cork with
a pop from the bottle containing it. — v. i. 1. To make
a pop, or sharp, quick sound. 2. To enter, or issue forth,
with a quick, sudden movement ; to dart. —r. /. 1. To
thrust cr offer suddenly ; to bring unexpectedly to notice.
2. To burst open by heat, as grains of Indian com. —
adp. Like a pop ; suddenly ; unexpectedly.
FVPO (p8p). n. [AS. pSpa^ L. papa father, bichop.]
1. The bishop of Rome, head of the Roman Catholic
Church. 2. Priest or chaplain of the Greek Church.
P^pe^dom (-dfim), n. [AS. pdvedOm.] 1. Place,
office, or dignity of the pope. 2. J unsdiction of the pope.
Pop'or-y (-Sr-j^). n. Religion, doctrines, and practices,
of the Roman Catholic Chureh.
Pop^fHB' (pSp'gfin'), fi. A child's gun for shooting
pellets, with a popping noiae, by compression of air.
P«fl/*II-J»y l-Tn-jI), n. [OF. papegaiA 1. (a) The
green woodpecker. (6) A parrot. 2. A fop.
Poptsll (pSp^sh), a. Pert, to, or taught bv, the pope ;
pert, to the Roman Catholic Church. — Popdoh-ly, adv.
Poplar ( pBp'lZr), n. [OF. poplier, f r. L. popidtu pop-
lar.] 1. A rapidly growing tree of several species ; also,
the timber, which is soft, and capable of many nnea.
2. Timber of a large Nortli American tree, also called
tulip tree. {U.S.} [fabric of si Ik and worsted. |
PopUn (-lln), ft. [F. popelineA A woman's dress
~ " "-- *D(-^
Pop.lit'»«l (-ITf^-ol), 'l^lltlC (-Tk), a. [L. poptef,
littM, the ham.] Pert to the ham ; behind the knee joint.
Popfpy (-py), n. [AS. popig, L. papaver.] An herb
-/»/»>, the ham.] Pert to the ham ; behind the knee joint
Pwp'py (-py)» n. [AS. popig, L. papaver.] An herl
with showy polypetalous nowern and a milky juice, one
speriPH of which yields opium ; flower of the plant.
POll'n-Uoe (-fi-lts), n. [F., fr. L. popuhiJt. Ree P»v
FLK.] The oominon people ; the vnlcar ; the multitude.
Hjn, — Mob ; people; commonalty.
Pop^-Ur (-l?r), a. [L. popnlnriM, fr. popnlirs.'] 1.
Port, to the common people, or whole body of the people,
as dinting, fr. a select portion. 2. Suitable to common
people ; easily comprehended ; plain. 3. Obtainable by
the many; cheap; ordinary; inferior. 4.
the people ; pleasiug to people in general, or to
people. — Pop'll-larl-ty (pSp/tt-lto-T-tf ), «.
Pop^-Ur-tw (-18r-!s), r. I, To make popolar.
Pop^-lar-ly, adv. Ln • popular manner ; ao aa to Iw
generally accepted by the people ; oommonly ; currently.
Pop^-UtO (-lit), V. t. To furnish with inhabitaiiU.
P^«-Utloa, fi. 1. A popnUiting ; multipliaUion of
inhabitants. 2. The whole number of people In a coun-
try, or portion of a country. [many inhabitants. I
Pop^-lOOS (-Ifis), a. (U populous.] Contoininc
Por'ooaain (p6r's#-lTn), n. [F. parcetaine porcduSn
shell, fr. L. poren* pig.] Fine translucent earthenware ;
— caUedalsoCAina.
POTOh (pOreh), n. [F. porche^ L. porftciM, fr. porta
gatej^ Covered entrance to a building.
PorolBO (pOr'sin), a. [L. poreintUy tr. porcus pig.]
"rt. to swhie ; characteristic of the hog.
Por'OII-plllO (-ktl-pln), n. [OE. porteptm. OF. porr-
«jp<, f r. L. por^
cut -I- spina ^^^"^'
thorn, spine.]
A rodent quad-
ruped havhig the
back covered
with erectile
spines or quills.
Poro (p«r), n.
[F., fr. L.ponM,
Gr. wopot a pas- ^ .....
sage pore.] 1. Common Porcupine (//j»«mrrr»(*aio).
Wnute orifice in an animal or vegetable membrana.
2. M hiute Interstice between the molecules of a body.
Poro, V. i. To gaxe steadily ; to be absorbed.
Por'Cy (pdr'gj^), n. A saltwater food fish, of many
species. [Written also porgety porgie^ and panrnf."]
Pork (pQrk ), n. [F. oorc, L. parcu* hog, pig. J Flaah
of swine, fresh or salted, used for food.
Porker, fi. A hog.
Poi'OIUI (pSr'Ba), a. Full of pores; permeable by
liquids. ^Por'OM-iy, a<fr.— Poi^OM-BOM, Po-IOB^
ty (pft-rBsq-tf ), n.
PW^y-»y (p6r^-ry), n. [Gr. irop^ptniv, f r. vep-
^vpa. purple. J A compact rock containing crystals, as of
feldspar or quarts. — PoTpliy-lltlO (-rTt^), a,
Por'pOlM (-ptis), n. [OF. porpeis hog fish, fr. L.
porevg -f pitct* fish.] 1. A small cetacean, allied to the
dolphin, but having a shorter snout. 2. A true dolphin.
Por^IttfO (p5r^TJ), n. [Prob. corrup. fr. pottage.}
Broth or thin pudding made by boiling vegetables, etc.,
in water or milk. [feeding children. I
Porfrln-ffor (-rTn-j&), n. A porridge diah ; cup fori
Poit (pSrt)« ft. [Fr. Oporto, in Portugal, L e., o porto
the port, L. portuM harbor.] A strong ratoguese wine.
Port, n. [AS.; L. portu9.'\ X. Haven for ship*.
2. Harbor where vessels discharge and reoeive cargoes,
from whence they depsrt, and where they flniah voysges.
Port, n. [F. porte^ L. porta, akin to porfuM."] \. A
passageway; gate; portal 2. Opening in a vesaers
hide ; embrasure through which to fire cannon ; port-
hole ; shutters to close such an opening.
Pot, r. L [F. porter, L. portare to carry.] To throw
(a musket, etc.) diagonally across the body, with the
lock in front, and the barrel sloping upward.
Portin. [F. ; fr. jEN>rf^.] Manner in which a person
benrs himself ; deportment ; carriage ; bearing; demeanor.
Port, n. Larboard or left side of a ship (looking fron;
the stem toward the bow). Also used ad jectively. —
V. /. To turn (the hehn) to the left side of a ship.
PorfA-Mo (p5rfA-bn), a. [L. portnMit. fr. porlant.}
Capable of being borne or carried ; easily transported. —
PorfA-ble-neMi, Porfa-bill-ty. ».
PortagO (pCr'ttj) n. [F.,fr.por/^ to carry.] 1. A
transporting. 2. Price of carriage ; porterage. 3* A
S, «, I, ii, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, tt, t, short ; asnllte, 6vent, tdea, 6bay, tinlfee, e4rt, lixm, Aak, nn, flmri.
PORTAL
435
POSSIBLE
carry between iwrigmble waters. — r. /. A: i. To carry
(gooda, boata, etc.) overland between navigable waters.
POtnal (pSr'tttl), n. [OP. ; LL. portale, fr. L. porta
gate.] Door or gtUe ; impodug way of entrance or exit.
Port-cnlOlfl (piftrt-kiUnis^, %, [of. porte coulUse, co-
{etee,aUdiugdoor.]
% f ortreaa, to be let
A grating bung over tbe gateway of
down to bar entrance.
rto (pSrt), n. [F., gate, L. t>or<a.] The Ottoman
court; government of tbe TurkUh empire, oflScially
called tbe Sublime Porte^ from the nte (poti^ of the
8Qltan*a palace at which Justice was adiniui»tered.
I PaW^C^tbknf (pdrtnift'shir'), n. [F.I A large
doorway allowlnc vehicles to drive into a builduig ; porch
over a driveway before an entrance door.
Porta^niOll-Bale' (pSrt^mfin-uSO, n. [F., fr. porter to
carry -f- monnaie money.] A pocketbook for money.
Por-tand' (pOr-tSudO* v. I. [L. pwtewlere^ -tenttim,
to foretell, predict, impend ; tendere to stretch.] To
indicate (events, misfortunes, etc.) as in the future.
8yn. — To foreshow ; betoken ; augur ; threaten.
Por-ttllf (-tSntO« n. [L. porUniumA That which
portends, or foretokens ; sign of coming calamity ; omen.
Por-teat'OBS (-lb), a. 1. Ominous. 2. Monstrous ;
prodigious; dreadful. — Por-tent'OUI-ly, adv.
FotUtt n. [F. portier, L. portarins^ It. porta door.]
One in charge of a door or gate ; doorkeeper.
r-BS« v-aj;, ». x. wotk oi a poner, earner,
seper. 2. Payment for carriage of burdens.
Aio (p5rt.f51'y» or -fOTM), n, VF.port^euiUe ;
feuUle leaf.] 1. Portable case for loose papers.
. v; ;r ^- y ::■ s
r, ». [F. porteur, fr. porter to carry, L. par-
tare."] 1. One who carries burdens, etc., for hire. 2.
Malt liquor of tonic and hitoxicating qualities.
Patttr-ac* (-tj), ». 1. Work of a porter, carrier,
or doorkeeper. 2. Pa;
Port-ioi^
rter -\- feuUle _,
Ofllce and functions of a minister of state.
PoitlMl*' (-hSIOt M. Embrasure in a ship's side.
Portl-00 (pSr'tT-kft), fi. [It., L. portinu. 8ee
F(MK».] A colonnade ; covered ^
^wce before a building.
iiPortttn' (per'tytoo, ».
[F., fr. porte gate.] Ourtain
banging across a doorway.
POf'tiOBCpSr^shau),!*. [F.,
fr. L. portiOt akin to para.
partU. a put.] 1. A part of
anything. 2. Part assigned ;
allotment; ahare; fate. 3.
Tbe part of an estate given to
a child or heir ; an inheritance.
4. A wife*s fortune ; dowry. Portico
Sjn. — POHTioir ; Past; di<
Tisipn : jshare ; rarcel ; quantity ; aUotment : dividend.
— Part is generic, referring simply to some vhole. Por-
tien refers to a division to an individual or to some object.
— r. <. 1. To divide into portions or shares ; to parcel,
a. To endow. — Pn'tlou-Mr, n. —Por'tini-lan, a.
Portnj (pfttny), «. l. Having a dignified port or
mien. 2. Bulky ; corpulent. — Pinfll-IIMS, n.
Port-BUUt'tMII (-inln't*), n. [P. porte-inanteau ;
porter to carry + manteau cloak.] Traveler's hand bag.
Portnit (pSr'trtt), n. [F., orig. d. p. of portraire.
to portray.] 1. Ukenesa of a person. 2. Graphic or vivid
description of a person.
POftl«l-tBI»(-tHl-tftr; 40),ii, [F.] 1. A portrait;
likeness. 2. The making portraita.
Por-tmy (-triO, r. /. [Written also pourfroy.] [OF.
portrairtf fr. L. prolraherey -tractum^ to draw forth;
pro -I- trahere to draw.] 1. To paint or draw the like-
ness of. 2. To describe in words. — Por-tny'al, n.
Pw^tM (pSrtrSs), n. A female porter.
P«^-f110M (-tA-gSs), a. Pert, to Portugal, or iU
inhabitanto. — n. Hng. &pl. An inhabitant of Portugal ;
. pose, fr. poeer to place, put, L.
people of PortugaL
lW(p8i),n. [F.. . . ., -
paueare to pause, fr. patua a pause.] Attitude of a
person ; podtloo assumed for effect, —v. I. To plaoe in
an attitude, for tbe sake of effect ; to arrange tbe poa-
ture and drapery of (a person). ^ r. t. To assume a stud-
ied attitude ; to affect a certain character.
Pom (pSs), V. /. [Abbr. fr. appoie, for ospoie.] To
questiol^ so as to puszle ; to biiug to a stand.
Pot'flr (pQz'ir), n. One that puzzles ; hard question.
Po-lltloil (pft-zlsh'fiu), n. [F. ; L. poHtiOj fr. ponere,
positum^ to put, place.] 1. A being placed ; attitude;
condition. 2. Bpot where oue is placed ; situation. 3.
Ground which one takes in an argument or controversy ;
proposition; thesis. 4. Relative place or standing;
rank ; ofBce ; post.
Syn. — Situation : stition : place ; condition ; attitude ;
posture : proposition ; assertion ; theais.
Posl-tlTO (pOzT-lTv), a. [OE. & F. posilif, L. poH-
tivus. Bee Posmos.] 1. Having a real position, ex-
istence, or energy ; ni-tual ; — opp. to negative. 2. De-
rived from an object by itself ; not dependent on chau^ig
circumstances or relations ; absolute ; — opp. to relative.
3. Definitely laid down ; explicitly stated ; — opp. to im-
ftlied. 4. Mot admitting of doubt, condition, or discre-
tion ; not dependent on circumstances ; peremptory ;
decidve. 6« Prescribed by express enactment or insti-
tution. 6. Fully assured; confident; dogmatic; over-
bearing. 7* In pliotography, corresponding with the
originid in position of lights and shadea, instead of hav-
ing them reversed. 8. (a) Electro-positive. (6) Basic ;
metallic ; not acid ; — opp. to negative^ and said of metala,
bases, aixl baaic radicals, in chemistry.— n. 1. That
which is capable of being affirmed ; reality. 2. TItat
which settles by absolute appointment. 3. xhe positive
degree or form, in grammar. 4. A photograptiic picture
in which the lights and ahades correspond with those of
the original. 6. Positive plate of a voltaic or electrolytic
cell. — P<MKi-ttT»-ly, adv. — Posl-tlTe-iion, n.
Posl-tlT-Ini (-iz'ra), n. A pliilosophical system
which deals only witli positives^ excluding all inquiry into .
cQMes. — PMO-tlV-ist, n. & a.
II Pm'M 00m'l-U't1Ul(p«s^st kSra'T-tS'ttts). [L.po««e
to be able -f hL. comitatue county, fr. cornet^ comili*^
count.] Tbe power of the county, or the citizens sum-
moned by the sheriff to assist in suppressing a riot, etc.
POS-MM' (p9z-zSs' or pQs-eSs'), v. L [L. vouidere,
-xetmm^ to have.] 1. To occupy ; to have ana to hold.
2. To have legal title to ; to own. 3. To accoinplish ;
to gain. 4. To control the will of ; to affect. 6. To put
in possession ; to acquaint ; to inform.
syn.— To Possess; Haw; hold; occupy; control;
own. — Hftve is the more geuersu word. To jwMesi denotes
to hart as a prof^rfy. It usually implies more perma-
nence of control tlian is involved in having.
PCM-ses'ltOll, n. 1. A possessing, or holding as one*8
own. 2. The having, holding, or detention of property
in one*s legal power or command ; ownership. 3. Thing
possessed ;. in p/., property in the aggregate ; wealth ;
dominion. 4. State of being possessed or controlled, as
by an evil spirit, or passions ; madness ; frenzy.
Pos-MMlre, a. Pert, to possession ; luving or indi-
cating possession.— f». 1. The possessive case. 2. A
possessive pronoun ; a word in the poesessive case.
in English grammar, the genitive case ;
the case of nouns and pronouns which expresses
ship, or some possessive relation of one thing to another.
— Posssssivs pronooB, a pronoun denoting ownership.
Potf-MU'or, n. [L.] One who holds, owns, ete.
Syn. — Owner ; proprietor ; master ; holder ; occupont.
Potf-MU'o-ry (-6-rj^), n. Pert, to possession.
Pos'Mt (pOs^sSt), n. [W. jpoxef curdled milk, posset]
Milk curdled by some strong infusion, as by wine, etc.—
V. /. To treat with possets ; to pamper.
V^wytXL'itf (sT.bTIT-tj^), n. 1 A being posslbla ;
power of happening or existing. 2. That which is poaii>
Die ; contingent interest, as in real or personal estate.
Ue (-bn), a. [F., fr. L. pouibilU, fr. paste to
fftoi, SMiBl, teb» nidth fyU, #», ftfbd, fdbl, oat, oU, clulr, go, dns^ i^k, tli«R, titfa.
POSSIBLY
436
POTENT
bt able.] Oapabla of •zUting or ooourrlng, or of boing
thought of ; capable of befaig done ; barelv able to be* or
to ooiue to pau. ^PtMKsl-bly (pSo'sT-blj^), adv,
Syn . — Practicable ; likely. Bee Pbacticablb.
Iwllim (p9ii'i»tliii), n. AnopoMum. ICoUoq. U. 8.]
Post (pSst), fi. [AS., fr. L. posHt^ akin to- paneret
potitum^ to place.] Piece of timber or other solid tub-
■tance, fixed in an upright poaitiou ; support ; pillar.
Fovtt n. [F. potie^ LL. potta station, post (where
horses were kept), prop., a set place, feni. fr. L. hotitus
placed, p. p. ciponere.'] 1. Place at which anytliing is
stopped, iHaoed, or fixed, {a) A station for acoommoda-
Ung travelers. (6) A military station ; troops at such a
station. 2. Messenger who goes from station to station ;
an expreaa ; letter currier ; TOStman. 3. Bstablished c<m-
Toyaaoe for letters ; post office ; malL 4. Office or po-
sition of trust or emolument. 6. A size of paper.
Post oAea. (a) An office under gOTemmentai superin-
tendence, where mailable matter Is received and dtstrib^
uted. (6) The governmental system for forwarding mail
i»r. t. 1. To attach to a post or other place of affixing
puUio notices ; to placard. 2. To bold up to public re-
proach; to denounce by public proclamation. S. To en-
ter (a name) on a list, as for service, promotion, etc. 4.
To aasign to a station; to set; to place. 6. To carry (an
ftocouni in bookkeeping) from the Journal to the ledger.
6. To phu» In the care of the post ; to maiL 7. To in-
form ; to give the news to ; to make (one) aoqiiiUuted
with the details of a subject — v. i. To travel with post
horses, or in haste. — oav. With post horses ; rapidly.
Post'ac* (''^J)' **• ^^'^9*^ V^^^ '**' conveying mails.
rastags staap, a government stamp required to be put
apon articles sent by mail in payment of the posta^^e.
POflt'tlt a. Pert, to the post office or mail service.
Postal es«4, or Post card, a card sold by the government
for tranamiarion through the mails. — Postal nolo, au order
payable to bearer, for a sum of money issued from one
- pok office and payable at another specified office.
POBtlwy^ (-boiO, »' 1- A postilion; courier. 2.
Boy who carries letters from the post.
POSt'dl-llKvl-«l (-dMS'vT-al), a. [Pref. oott- + di-
luvial."} Being or happening after the flood in Noah^s
days. [after the flood. I
rart'dl-lllM-UI, a. PostdiluvUl. * n. One who lived [
POSt'or, n. 1. Placard posted In public places. 2.
One who posts bills ; billpoi^r.
Postwar, n. One who posts, or travels expeditiously.
Poi-te'nrOr (pQs-tS'rT-dr), a. [L., compar. otpasterui
coming after, fr. post after.] 1. Later in time ; coming
after ; — opp. to prior, 2. Situated behind ; hinder ; —
opp. to on/eWor. 3. At or toward the caudal extremity.
-PMhtA'll-firl-tT (-»ra.tf ), n. [mal's body. I
POB-t^^M-MB (-era), n. pi. Hinder parts, as of an am- 1
PMI-t0r^-ty (-tSrrf-ty), n. [L. posterUat.} 1. Race
proceeding from a progenitor ; descendants ; — opp. to
ancestry. 2. Succeeding generations ; future times.
POSWB (p5st«m), n. [OF. potteme^ it. L. potterulOj
fr. poUerui coming after.] 1. Back door ; private en-
trance. 2. Small door or gate.— a. Back; private.
PmrtfIS (pOsfnks), n. [Pref. post- -f ->lxj Letter,
•yllable, or word, added to another word ; suffix.
POSt-flz' (pOst-fTksO, V. t. To annex ; to suffix.
PostllMte' (-hist'), n. Haste or speed in traveling,
like ttiat of a post or courier. — adv. With speed.
POStlUI-lllOIW (pSstlifi-mfis), a. [L. posthumus,posf-
umusj last, hkte bom, superl. of posterus, postfrior.] 1.
Bom after the father *b death, or taken from the mother's
dead body. 2. Published after the author's death. 3.
Continuing after one's death. — Posfha-moilS-ly, adv.
Po«.tlllMI (pSs-tYKviin}, n. [P. postilion. It. pos-
tiglioMy it. posta port.1 One who rides » hor»e in the
team of a coach, etc. [Written also po.ftUiion.'\
POCfBUin (pSsfman), n. Courier : letter carrier.
POStlBArk' (-mXrkO, n. Mark, or stamp, of a post
ofloa on a lattar, giving tho plaoe and data of
of arrival. ^ v. t. To mark with aoch stamp.
PottlBM'ttr (pQat^io'tSr), ». 1. One in charge of a
station for accommodating travelers ; one who anppUes
post horaea. 2. One in cliarge of a post office.
Poit'mo-lldl-aB (-mt-rldl-on), a. [L. postmerldi-
anus; pott tdter + meridianus. See Mbbzdiax.] Com-
ing after the sun tias passed the meridian ; belcmging to
tlie afteracon. [Abbr. r. h.]
li POSt-mor^eill (-roSr^m), a. [L.! After death.
Poat-flBortoa sxaialiiatien, an examfnauon of the body
made after the death of tlie patient ; an autopsy.
POlrt-O^t (-O'Olt or -SbOt), !»., or Post-Olitt bdOd'.
[Pref. post' + obU. ] A bond in which the obligor, hi con-
sideration of a certain sum td money, binds himself to pay
a larger sum, on the death of aome apecified individual.
Post-paid' (-pid'), a. Having the postage prepaid.
Fmtt-VOMf (-p9n0, V. U [L. postwmere^ -posiium ;
post after -f- ponere to place, pot. J To defer to a lat»
time ; to put off ; to adjourn. — PMt-i^OlM'BMBl, n.
Syn. —To adJoura ; defer ; delay ; procrastinate.
POSt'gOdpt (-skrTpt), n. [L. postseribere^ -seriptnmt
to write after; pott + seribere to write.] Paragraph
added to a letter ; addition to a book, etc., supposed to
have been finished. [Abbr. P. iST.]
Pos^-lMBt (p«s'ttt-lant ; 40), n. [F., fr. L. postu-
lans^ p. pr. of postulare. See Postulatb.] One wiio
makes a request or demand ; candidate.
PM'ta-lit* (-Itt), fi. [L. postulatum request, prop,
p. p. of postulare to demand.] 1. Something denuiudfd
or asserted; position or supposition asnimed without
proof, or considered aa aelf-evident. 2. Enunoiatiou of
a self-evident problem in geometry, dirting. fr. an Hxiowt
the enuncUtion of a self-evident theorem. * r. t. To beg,
or Assume without proof ; to take for granted.
Pos'ta-UltiOll, n. A postuhaing ; thing postulated ;
asRumption; suit; cause. [populate. I
PortU-U-tO-ry (-lA-td-rj^), a. Of the nature of a]
Pottur*, n. [F., f r. L. positura^ f r. wmere^ potitnm^
to place.] 1. Position of tlie body ; disposition of tlie
parts of the body with respect to each other, or for a
particular purpose; attitude. 2. State or condition;
disposition ; mood. ->r. /. & i. To pose ; to attitudinize.
Syn. — Attitude ; poaition. See ArriTODa. .
Win (pQ'xy)* n. [Contr. fr. poesy.} 1. A brief
poetical aentiment, motto, or lagend ; esp., one inscribed
on a ring. 2. Afiower; bouquet; noaegaj.
Pot (p»t), n. [AWn to D. A F. pot.} 1. Vessel, for
boilUig food, holdinir liquids, for plants, etc. 2. Cup ;
mug. 3. Quantity contained in a pot. 4. Bxtenaion of
a flue above the top of a chimney. 6. Wicker vessel for
catching flsh, eels, etc. — «. /. To place in pots.
P«KU-bl« (pyti-bU), o. [F., fr. L. potaUlis, fr. po-
tare to drink. j Fit to be drunk; drinkable. — ». A
beverage. — Po^-bto-DMS, n.
Pofaill'(pOt'ishOi»> [Pot -\- ash.} AlkaUne salt from
ashes of planU ; lye ; pearUah. [ide ; caustic potash. I
PO-tM'M (p6-tls'8i), n. [NL.J Potassium bydroi-|
P0-tM'll-1llll (-sT-itm), n. [NL.] An alkali element,
reduced from the carbonate as a soft white metal, lighter
than water, and used in ghua making, soap making, in
fertilizers, and in many druga and chemicala.
Po-tAtUn (-ti'shfiu), n. JJj. potaiio, fr. potare to
drink.] 1. A drinking. 2. Draught. 3. Beverage.
PO-tA'tO (-t*), n. [Sp. pntata potato, batata sweet
poUto, fr. native name in Hayti.] (a) A phmt of the
Nightahade family, and ita esculent farinaceooa tuber,
native of South America, (fc) The sweet potato.
Potato bsstls, Potato hog, a beetle which destroys loavea
of the potato. - Bwsst poteto, a climbing plant allied to
the morning-glory, bearing farinaceous tubers of a awoet-
ish taste, and cooked for food.
Po'tMlt (pyt«nt), a. [L. potensy -ienHs^ p. pr. of posse
to have power, fr. potis able -f esse to be.] 1. Produ-
cing great physical effecU ; powerf nL 2. Having great
ft, e, 1, 5, «, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, «, t, short ; senate, ^vent. Idea, 6bey, ttnlta, eArs, Urm, 4ak, 1^11, final.
POTENTATE
437
PRACTICAL
AuUiorlt]rordoinliitoD:inlR:htv;iiifliieiiti«l.— VoltBt- i
17, adv. — Pot«ii-e7i Po^ent-BMS. "•
Syn.— Powrnlnl; nighty; e£Rcieiit; efflcftcious ; cofcent.
fbr oarrjring f <
I (pO'teu'iit;, n. [LL. potenUire, -tutuin^
to «'jcerciM power, fr. poien».'\ Sovereign ; u(»iarch.
Po-tMt'tUa (-tSt/tluil), a. 1. Being potent. 2. Ex-
istinfr in poeslbility, not in actual.ty. — Po-tMltial-ly ,
adr. -Po-t0irtt-all-ty (-ahl-Iil-ty), n.
PolwtlAl mood, or mode, form of the verb exprewing
poMibUity, power, will, ooligftUon, or neceaaitjr, by the
uae of fiMiy* can^ mtut^ mii,hU coula^ wotdd^ or should.
Poth'«r (pSth'^r), n. [Cf . D. penterin to rummage,
poke] Btutle ; confusion ; botlier. — «.<.& /. To fuss ;
to worry. [Written alw) potter^ and pudder."]
PoflMOk' (p5t'hd6k')i H. 1. An S-ahapeid hook for
banging pots and kettles orer a ftre. 2. A written
character curred like a pothook ; (pi.) scrawled wrltUig.
Po^tton (pS'shttn), n. [L. poiio, fr. potare to drink.]
A draught ; dose of a liquid medicine.
PoC'poarir (pft'pSc'rS'), n. [F., Ut., rotter pot. Gf.
OxxA-roOBiDA.] A medley or mixture, aa a Jar of flower
leaves, apices, etc. ; a medley of music, etc
Pot'ilMKd' (pSt'shSrdO, n. iPot -f sherd or shard.}
A piece of a broken pot.
PottAg* (-tij : 2), fi. [F. potage, fr. poi pot.] Food
made byboiliiig vegetables or meat in water ; porridge*
Poyif, n. One who makes earthen vessels.
PotlOT, r. t. [Cf. W. pwtio to poke, or OD. poteren
to search one thoroughly.] 1. To boay one^s self with
trifles ; to pother. 2. To walk lasily or Idly ; to saunter.
Portar-y (-t«r.»), h, [F. poterU, fr. pot.} 1. Ware
made by potters. 2. Phu» where earthen vessels are made.
Poftl* (-tM), n. [OB. & OF. potel, dim. of pot.]
1. A liquid measure of 4 pints. 2. A small basket.
Poaoil (poach), n. [F. pocA« pocket, bag.] 1. Small
bag. 2. (a) A protuberant belly ; paunch. (6) A sac
food or young, (e) Oyst containing fluid.
' (pSb-shSn^ H. Superior souchong tea.
Pos-tfrvtti' HirSt'j^ n^ [F., dim. of poudre dust.]
Maoiire made from night soil, with charcoal, gypsum, etc.
Psnlt (p91t), n. [F. pouletf dim. of paute fowl.] A
yoi ng chicken, parMdge, grouse, etc.
Poill'tar-«r (p51'tSr-lr), n. Dealer in poultry.
PooltlM (-tl»), H. [L. puU, pi. puUes, thick pap.]
A soft composition applied to sores, inflamed parts m the
body, etc. ; a oataplasm. « r. t. To ap|dy a poultice to.
Povl'try (-try), n. [Fr. pouU.} Domostio fowls.
POOBM (pouus), fi. [F. ponce pumice, pounce, fr. L
pmmex^ -micis^ pimiice.] 1. A fine powder, formerlhr used
to prevent ink from spreading on manuscript. 2. Col-
ored powder for nukmg paUems through perforated
designs. —r. /. To sprinkle or rub with pounce.
PomUM, n. [Prob. fr. L. pungere^ pimclMm, to prick.]
Claw or talon of a bird of prey. — r. t. To fall suddenly
(upon) and seise with the cUws.
SPonnd (pound), V. t [AS. punian.} 1. To strike re-
peated'y with a heavy instrument ; to beat. 2. To pul-
Terize by beating ; to break fine with a pestle, etc. —
V. i. 1. To strike heavy blows. 2. To Jir.
Powid, n. [AS. pund.] 1. Au inclosure for confln-
mg cattle or other animals taken in trespassing, or roam-
ing at large. 2. A level stretch in a canid between looks.
8. Net with a narrow entrance into which fish are di-
rected by wings spreading outward. — r. t. To impound.
POOIM, n. [AS. puna, fr. L. pondo, akin to pondns
a weight, pendere to weigh.] 1. A certain specified
weight ; a legal standard of an established number of
ounces. 2. A British money of account, worth 20 shil-
lings sterling, or about S4.86.
Pona^aSO, n* 1. Sum deducted from a pound, or
paid for each pound ; commission. 2. Sum allowed to
a sheriif, etc., upon proceeds of an execution.
Poima'Mika' (-kuO* *>• Rich, sweet cake, whose in-
gredients are used by pounds, or in equal quantities.
SeePouLT.] The young
PoOBd'ar, n. 1. One that pounds. 2. Inatnuntni
for pounding ; pestle. 3. A person or thing, so called
with reference to its ralue, weight, etc. : as, a cannon
carrying a 12-pound ball is called a twelve pounder.
Poor (p3r), V. t. [OE. pouren."] 1. To cause (a
liquid, etc.) to flow in a stream. 2. Toemit. — r. i. To
issue in a stream ; to fall continuously and abundantly.
« n. A stream ; a flood. iCottog."]
Post (p(>5t), n. [F. povlet. See JPOir
of grouse, etc. ; a young fowl.
Pont (pout), V. i. ^E. pouien.] 1. To thrust out
the lips, as in displeasure ; to look sullen. 2. To pro-
trude. — n. Sullen protrusion of the lips ; fit of sulks.
Poat, n. The European whiting pout or bib.
Poot'ir, n. 1. One that pouts. 2. [Cf . O. puter turkey. ]
Pigeon which can greatly dilate iU throat and breast
rOT'«r-ty (pftVSr-ty), n. [OF. povette, ir. L. pau-
per poor.] 1. Tlie being poor or indigent ; want of meaaa
of snbaiatenoe ; need. 2. Lack of reaouroea.
8yn. - Poy«bty; Iiioionrcs; Pauperism : penury ;
beggary ; need ; lack ; want. — Fo^rly is a relative term :
wliac i itopertu to a monarch, would be competence lor
a Uborer. Indigence implies distress and destitution.
PauperUm denotes dependence upon charity, and ottea
a hopeless and d^^raded state.
PoWdtr (pou^l^r), ft. [OB. & F. poudre, L. pulvis^
'Veris; cf. Pulvbrizs.] 1. Fine particles produced by
pounding, grinding, or trituratinc, any dry aubatauce, or
into which it falls by decay ; dust. 2. An exploaive
mixture used in gunnery, blasting, etc ; gunpowder. •»
V. /. 1. To reduce to fine partiolea; to pulverise. 2.
To besprinkle.**, i. 1. To be reduced to powder.
2. To use powder on the hair or skin.
PoWdM-tUik' (-flAskO, PoWd«r-lUHrii' (-bdmOt n.
Utensil for carrying gunpowder.
Pow'der-mlli' (-mil')* *•• Mill for making gunpowder.
P0W'der-7(-y),a. 1. Basily crumbling. 2.'Spriukled
with powder ; dusty. 3. Like, or consisting of, powder.
Pow'er (pou'Zr), n. [F. pouroir, n. A v., fr. LL.
potere, for L. posse, potesse, to be able, to- have power.]
L Ability to act ; potency ; might. 2. Strength, force,
or energy In action. 3. Capacity of nndergouig or suf-
fering ; susceptibility. 4. Influence ; sway ; government.
6. One invei^ with authority ; faistitution or govern-
ment which exercises control ; a superhuman agent ;
spirit ; divinity. 6. A military or naval force ; an army
or navy. 7. Mechanical agent, from which useful en-
ergy is derived. 8. Applied force; force producing
motion or pressure. 9. Machine acted upon by sn ani-
mal, and serving as a motor to drive other machinery.
10. Product arising from multiplying a number into
itself. 11. Degree to which an optical inatniment mag-
nifies. — Pow'er-fnl, a. — PoWw-fnl-ly, adv. — Pow'-
er-fal-neM, n. — Pow'er-lMi, a. - Pow'cr-ltM-ly,
adr. — Pow'ar-ltM-non, n.
POW'WOW (pou'wouO, n. 1. A North American In-
dian priest, or conjurer. 2. Conjuration attended with
noise, feasting, dancing, etc., performed by Indians to
cure diseases, procure success in hunting or in war, etc.
3. Anoisyfrolic— t*. f. 1. To use conjuration. 2. To
hold a disorderly meeting. [CoUoq. U, S.]
Pen (pSks), n. [For pocks. See Pock.] Disease
characterized by pustules or eruptiona.
Poy'oa (poi^a^), n. A douth American armadillo.
Prai/ti-oa-ble iprik'tt-kA-bn), a. [LL. praclleare to
act, transact, fr. L. practicus active. Or. irpcurruc^.l 1.
That may be practiced or performed ; capable of being
accomplished with available means ; feasible. 2. Capa-
ble of being used; passable.— Pnu/ti-4NI-bly, adv.—
Prac ti-ca-bUlty. n.
Syn. — Pbacticablb ; Porrivlr ; feasible. — A thing
may be possible^ i. e., not forbidden by any law of nature,
yet not jpracticable for want of reqnimte means.
PnUKtl-Oal ('kal), a. [Or. iroairructff fit for doing, ac-
tive, fr. wpJuratw to do, work.] 1. Pert, to practice or
fSm, recent, drb, r^de, f ^^ Hm, food, f^Tot, out, oil, oliair, go, sing, iQk, thai, tiy&
PKACTICALITY
438
PRECEDENT
2. Uaefol, dktiog. fr. ideal or theoretieal. 3.
Brindng pnotice or skill ; capable of applyi^ knowledge
to some useful end. 4. Derived from practice. — Prao'-
tl-^al-iiMs, Prao'tiHMdl-ty (prik/tT-kua-ty), ».
Prao'ti-oid-ly, €idv. l. in a practical way ; not the-
oretically ; really. 2. By means of practice or use ; by
experience or experiment. 3. In practice or use.
rau/tUm (-tls), n. [Or. trpoicrun), fr. vpaxruc^.]
1. Frequently repeated action; succession of acts of a
■imilar kind ; custom. 2. Constant use ; state of being
used. 3. Actual performance; application of knowl-
edge ; — opp. to theory, 4. Systematic exercise for in-
struction <v discipline. 6. Exercise of any profession ;
professional business. 6. Concise method of applying
rules of arithmetic to questions in trade and business.
?• Legal form of conducting suits.
8jn. — Custom ; usage ; habit ; manner.
i«v. I. [Often written ptfictiM,} X. To do or perform
frequently or habitually ; to make a practice of. 8. To
exercise as a profession, trade, art, etc. 3. To exercise
one's self in. for instruction or tmproyement, or to ac-
qain dexterity. 4. To act upon ; to do. ft. To teach
by practice ; to train. — v. <. 1. To perform certain acts
customarily. 8. To form a habit. 3. To pursue a pro-
-PnoH-ow, Pnu)-ti'tloa-«r (-tish'fin-Sr), ».
.W (prVtfir), n. Pretor.
Png-nUltlO (prig-mltTk), i a. [Or. ffpayyiarut<k, f r.
Pnc-BUUltHd (-I-kal), f npaypM thing done, busi-
ness, xr. trpoovvty to do. See PaAcncAL.] 1. Pert, to
business or to affairs ; businesslike. 2. Busy ; officious ;
fussy and positive; meddlesome. —Png-nuit'kHd-ly,
adv. — Praff-OMtlO-Al-IlOflS, M.
Pni'lte (pri'rT), n. [F., an extensive meadow, fr. L.
pratum meadow.] Tract of level or rolling land, desti-
tute of trees, and covered with coarse grass.
Pnlrls dUcksB, an American grouse inhabiting the prai-
ries of the central United
States. - Prairls doc, ft
small American rooent
allied to the ' marmots,
and inhabiting the plains
west of the Mississippi.—
Fralrls sqvlrrsl, an Amer-
ican ground squirml in-
habiting prairies; —
called also gopher. —
Prairls wolf, the coyote.
PralM (prii), r. /.
[OF. preisier, L. pre-
tiare to prize^tr.preiium ^
price.] 1. To commend; ~
to express approbation
of ; to laud. 2. To extol Prairie Chicken (7)nnpamte^m
in words or song ; to glo- Amertraaw).
rify for perfeottons or excellent works. — Prals'flr, n.
6jn, — To Praibb : Applaud ; Extol ; commend : laud :
eulogise ; celebrate : glorify ; magnify. —To praise is to
set at a high price : to apjdaud is to greet with clapping ;
to extol is to bear aloft, to exalt.
— n. 1. Commendation for worth ; approval expressed.
2. Tribute of gratitude or homage to the Divine Being ;
worship by song, disting. fr. prayer and other acts of
worship. 3. The object, ground, or reason of praise.
Syn. — Encomium ; honor ; eulogy ; commendation.
Pralaa^worthy (•wUr'th]^), a. Commendable.
PnuiM (prAns), r. i. [Prob. akin to prank.] 1. To
spring or bound, as a horse in high mettle. 2. To ride
ostentatiously. 3. To strut pompously.
Prank (prtQk), v. t. &t [Cf. O. prangen to make a
show.] To dress or equip ostetitatioualy. — n. A sportive
action; trick ; caper; frolic. — Prankllh, a.
PratO (priit), r. t. & t. [Akin to D. praten.l To talk
much and to little pnrpoee ; to speak foolishly ; to babble.
— n. Unmeaninir loquacity. — PraffT (prafSr), n.
Pratlqu© (prSfSk ; /*. prfttk'), n. [F.] Liberty of
converse ; permit to a ship to land passengers and crew.
I (prlt^'l), V. t. & t. [Freq. of prate.! To
1 and idly, like a child, — n. Trifling tattle ;
m trivial subjects. — PiaTtlar (-tlSr), ».
Piattle (pritan), V.
talk much an
loquacity on t . , ,, ..
PraT'l-ty (prlvT-tJ^ ), n. [L. praviUu, f r. pravut per^
verse.] Deterioration ; moral crookedness ; oepravity.
Prawn Cpran), n. An edible slirimplike crustaoeaa.
Prasia (pxlks'Is), n, [Or. irpa^ic, f r. trpoavccr to do. ]
1. Use ; practice ; exercise or discipUtie for a speciiic
purpose. 2. Form of exercise ; collection of examplea.
nay (pra), v.i,&t. [OF. preieTy L. precariy It. pre*^
preeiSy prayer, request.] To request earnestly ; to co-
treat or supplicate ; to address the Supreme Being with
adoration, confession, supplication, and thanksgivW.
Srn. — To entreat ; beg ; icplore ; beseech ; petmon.
Inray'ar (prii'Sr), n. One who prays ; a supplicant.
Piayar (prtr), n. [0£. & OF. preiere, fr. L. preea-
riu4 obtained by prayer, fr. precart.] 1. A praying, or
asking a favor ; earnest entreaty ; petition or memorial
addressed to a court or a legislative body. 8. The ad-
dressing supplication to a divinity, esp. to the true God ;
adoration, confession, supplication, and thanksgiving.
3. Form of words used in praying ; an expressed petition.
Prayer book, a book containing devotional prayers. —
Prayer aestlBf , a meeting or gathering for prayer to Ood.
Syn. — Petition ; orison ; supplication ; entreaty ; suit.
. Prayar'tal, a. Given to prayer ; devotionaL
Preaoh (prSch), r. i. [OF. preechier, it. L. praedi-
eare to proclaim ; prae before -f dieare to make known.]
1. To publish tidb)g8 ; to proclaim the gospel ; to deliver
a sermon. 2. To give serious advice on morals or reli-
gion. —V. t. X. To urge by public teaching. 2. To de-
liver (a sermon, etc.). — PrHMdi'cr, n. — Fnmtbfing, n.
Pra-ad'am-tta (prt-Id'am-It), n. 1. An inhabitant of
the earth before Adam. 2. One who holds that men ex-
isted before Adam. [previously. I
Toadroooislil
,,n. Forewarning.
Pra'am'Ma (prWm'bn), n. {JLUpraeamlmlum, fr.
prae before -f ambuUtre to walk.] Preface ; intrtklDO-
torr part of a statute, stating the intent of the law.
rralKand (prSb'Sud), n. iL pradfemdaytr.praebere to
allow ; prae before -f habere to have.] Payment ; stipend
granted to a prebendary out of the estate of a oatbedral
or collegiate church. — Prt-ban'dal (prt-bSn'd^l), a.
Prab^-da-ry (prSb'Sn-dft-rj^), n. A salaried clergy-
man attached to a collegiate or cathedral church.
Fn^fmnA-mu (prI-ka'rT-tis), a. [L. preearius ob-
tained by prayer, f r. precari to beg.] 1. Depending ou
another's pleasure. 2. Held by doubtful tenure ; not to
be depended on.— Pra^Wtt-^Ui-ly, o<f v. — PVa-aa'M-
Pra'ad-monlall (prS/id-mBn^Ysh), r. /.
Prt-ad'mo-nitlon (-id'm^nlshnb),fi
I-Ba8a,n.
8yn.— P&BCAB10U8 : Ukcbrtaik : unsettled : unsteady ;
us : equivocaL — Precarious is stronger than umeet-
Derived from fireenri. it first signified ^* granted
_yiL-
dubious : equivocaL -
tttin. Derived from jrrrv^irt. tv utm* mkuuibu b<<mii«)u
to entreaty," hence, '* wholly dependent on the will of
another,*' or **on future casualties."
Pra-oan'tton (prt-kuMi&u), n. [F. ; L. praecautio,
fr. praeeaverct -cautum^ to guard against beforehand :
prae before -j- cavere to be on one's guard.] 1. Previ-
ous care. 2. Measure taken to ward off erll or secure
good or success ; precautionary act. — Pia-oailtlOB-al,
Pra^an'tton-a-ry, Pra-oaotloaa, a.
Pia-oada' (-sSd'), v. t. [L. praecedere^ -cetsvm ; prae
-f cedere to go.] To go before in time, place, rank, etc
Pra-oad'anoa (-«ns), in. LA preceding or going
Pra-oad'an-oy i-en-ilf), S before in time ; priority.
2. A going or being before in rank, dignity, etc.
Syn. — Antecedence; priority; preeminence; prefer-
ence; superiority.
Pra-oad'ant (pr^-sSd'ent), a. Going before ; anterior.
Prao'a-dant (prSs't-dent), n. 1. fomething done or
said tiuit may authorise a similar subeequent act ; an an-
thoriUtive example. 2. A Judicial decision serving as a
rule for future determinations in analogous cases.
8yn. - Preckdkst : Example ; antecedent — An es-
ft, S, I, il, O, long ;&,«,!, 5, a, f, short ; aendte, «vent, tdea,.6bey, Onite, cAre, linn, Ask, ||I1, flaoL
PRECEDENTLY
439
PREDICTION
omfile to • ahnilAr cMe which may Mrre aa a rale or guide,
but has no aatlu>rit7 oat of itoeif. A prteedeni cornea
down to us from the past with the sanotfon of usage.
Pn-Mdrtnt-ly (pr«-aSd'eut-If ), adv. Beforehand.
Pvt-OMl'ttr (-sButSr), %, Ih. onMeeentor, fr. prae -f
Mnere to aing.1 Leader of a chour.
FKt^Otpt C-Avt\ n. [L. praeeeptum, fr. praeeipere
to take beforehand, instruct ; prae 4- capere to take.]
1. Commandment or. order as an authoriti^ve rule of ac-
tion ; injunction. 2. A legal command, writ, or process.
8 jn. — Commandment ; injunction: mandate; law;
rale ; direction ; principle ; nuudm. See Docranf b.
Tn-Ottjyttn (^p'tlr), a. Containing or giving pre-
cepts; d^actic _ _
Fw.««nlOf (.t8r), n. [L. praeceptor.} 1. One who
makes rules; teacher. 2. Head of a preceptory among
Knights Templars. — Pr«<Mp-tOli-al (-tyrt-al), a.
Pr»H0»p'lO-ry(-s»p't«-ry).a. PrecepUre. — n. [LL.
praeeepiaria estate assigned to a preceptor, fr. prae-
eeptor.} A religious house of the KnighU TempUrs,
•obordlnate to the temple or principal house of the order.
PM-om'tnM (-triSs), n. A female teacher.
Pra-OM'lloll (•sBsh'tin), n. [L. praacedere^ -ceuum^
to go before. Bee Pmc«di.] A t^g before, or for-
ward. — Pi«K)MKgloii-al, a.
Pra'dSOt (prS'sTfikt), n. [L. praetingerct -cinctum^
to gird about, encompass ; prae -j- eingere to surround.]
1. Boundary; limit of jurisdiction or authority. 2.
District within certain boundaries.
Pra'doOB (prSsb'tts), a. [OP. ; L. preHo**u^ fr. pre-
tUtm price, ralue.] 1 Of great price; costly. 2. Of
great value ; highly esteemed ; dear. Also used ironic-
aUy ; as, tkoredou* rascal. — Pra'dOIW-ly, adv,
rrec/l-plOO (prSsT-pTs), n. [F. ; h, praecipitium^ fr.
praeeeps, -cipitis, headlong.] A headlong steep; per-
pendicular or overhanging place ; abrapt declivity ; clilT.
Pre-Oipl-tA-Ue (prt-sf|/T-t4-bn), a. Capable of being
predpitated, as a chemical substance in solution.
Pl^-Cipt-tant (-tout), a. [L. praecipitaMf -iantU^
p. pr. of praeHpUare. Bee PaiciprrAxa.] 1. Falling
or rushing headlong or recklessly. 2. Unexpectedly
or fooUshly hastened ; sadden ; reckless. — n. A chem-
ical force or reagent forming a precipitate. — Pre-d]^-
tant-ly, adv, ~Pr»-olpl-tanoe, Pre-dp'i-taii-oy, n.
Pl»^Blpl-tate (-ttt), a. [L. praecipUare^ -tatum^ to
precipitate, fr. praeeep*.'] 1. Overhasty ; rash. 2. Lick-
mg due care ; hurried ; said or done too soon. 3. Falling
with steep descent ; headlong. — n. An insoluble cbem-
ical substance separated from a solution in a concrete
state by action of some reagent or of some force, such
as heat or cold.— r. /. 1. To throw headlong. 2. To
urge on violently ; to bring to a crisis too soon. 3. To
separate from a chemical solution, etc., in the form of
a precipitate. — Pn-dp'i-Ute-ly, adv. — Pn-dp'l-U'-
tfon, n. —Pr^-dpl-U'tor, n.
Pie-dpl-tOUl (-tlis), a. [L. praecept^ -cipUis.'\ 1.
Steep, like a precipice. 2. Headlong. 3. Hasty ; rash.
PnhOlM' (prt-ais'), a. [L. praectdere^ -eisum^ to cut
off ; prae -|- eaedere to cut.] 1. Having exact limita-
tions ; sharplv defined or stated ; not vague or equivocal.
2. Strictly aohering to rule : punctilious in conduct or
ceremony. — Pr«-«uaay, adv. — Pre-dse'neM, n.
8yn. — Exact; definite; correct ; formal. See Accubatk.
Pre-d'lUui (-sTzh'an), n. One overprecise; a f orinaltHt.
Pro-Oi'SlOll (-tin), n. [F. ; L. praeeUio a cutting off.
Bee Fricxsb.] The being precise ; deflniteness.
Sjm. — Pbbcisioh ; PBacxsursss : exactness ; accuracy :
nicety. — Precision to alwajrs used in a good sense : as,
preeUion of thought or language. Prfciseness to some-
times api^ed to persons or conduct in a dtoparaging
smise, and precise to used in the same way.
Pra-OlndA' (-kludOt V. t. [L. praeeludere, -ciusum ;
prae -\' dcntdere to nhaW] 1. To shut out; to stop. 2.
To hinder action of, access to, enjoyment of, etc. — Pr*-
Ol«'llOll(-kiu'shfin), n. — Pra-dll'dva (-sTv), a.
(pr^kS'shito), a. [L. praeeoxy -coeis^ and
praecoquusy it. praecoquere to cook or ripen bef oreliand ;
prae + eoquere to cook.] Developed more than to natural
at a given age ; too forward. — m-OO'olOllS-ly, adv, ~
Ft^-w/dkoiQM-mum, Pre-cool-ty (•kSe'-i-tj^), n.
Pre^OOn-oetf (-kOn-sSf ), n. A preconception.
Pre^OOn-odve' (-sSv'), v. t. To conceive beforehand ;
to form a previous idea of. — Pr0^OOII-€0ptlfUI, n.
Pre^OOn-oert' (prS^kSn-sirtOt v. t. To concert or
arrange beforehand ; to settle by previous agreement.
Pr^oon'oert (pr^kBu'sirt), n. Previous agreement.
Pro'OOll-tract' (pr&'kSn-trXct'), v.t.&i. To contract
or stipulate previously. [ing another. |
Pie-OOB'tract (prt-kSn'trSkt), n. A contract preced- 1
Pre-OUT'lhre (•kfir'sTv), a. Preceding ; precursory.
Pre-OOr'SOr (-a8r), n. [L. praeeursor^ fr. prae -f-
currere to run.] One that precedes an event, and indi-
cates its approach ; forerunner ; harbinger.
Syn. — Predecessor ; messeiver ; omen ; sign.
Pre-onr'ao-ry (-s^-rj^), a. Preceding as a harbinger ;
indicating sometldng to follow.
Pr»-da'<MOUi (-da'sbfis), a. [L. praeda prey.] Liv-
ingUyprey; predatoi^y.
rtO-iy (prM'A-ti-ry), a. [L. praedaturius^ fr.
praedari to plunder, fr.oraeda.l 1. Characterised by
plundering; pillaging. 2. Carnivorous.
Pnd'e-OM'MT (-^-BSs'bSr), n. [L. praedecessor ; prae
before -f decessor one who withdraws, f r. decedei-e. See
Dbcbasb.] One who precedes ; one w1m> has preceded
another in any state, position, office, etc.
Pre-dOS'ti-lia'fl-ail (prt-dSs'tT-ua'rT-an), a. Pert to
predestination. — n. A believer in predestination.
Pre-dafl'ti-liate (-nllt), a. [L. pntedestinare^ -natum^
to predestine ; prae 4- destinare to determine.] Predes-
tinated ; foreordained ; fated, — v. /. To foreordain by
an unchangeable purpose or decree ; to preelect.
Syn. —To predetermine ; foreord^ ; foredoom.
Pre-dos'tl-lU'tiOll, n. l. A predestinating. 2. Pur-
pose of €K>d from eternity respecting all events , preor-
dination of men to everlasting happiness or misery. Bee
Caltikism.
Pr^-das'ti-llA'tor, n. 1. One who predestinates, or
foreordains. 2. A predesthiarian.
Pre-dastllie (-tTn), v. l. To predestinate, [mined. I
Pro'de-tor^mi-liate (-dft-tSr'mT-ntt), a. Predeter-i
Pre'te-tor'IlllllO (-mTn^, v. t. &i. 1. To determine
(something) beforehand. 2. To doom by previous decree ;
to foredoom. — Pre'd^-tsr'Illl-liatiOll, n.
Pra'dlnU (-dTwrl). a, [L. praedium farm, estate.]
1. Consisting of lana or farms ; landed. 2. Attached to
land. 3. Issuing or derived from land.
Predl-oa-ble (prSda-k^-bl), a. Cspable of being
predicated or afBnned of something ; attributable. — n.
Anything aflirmable of anotlier ; general attribute or no-
tion. — Pnd<l-oa-U11-ty, n.
Pre-dlo'A-ment (prt-dTk'4-ment), n. [L. praediea-
menlum. See Prsoioatb. ] A class described by definite
marks ; particular state ; trying position or condition.
Syn. — Category ; condition ; state ; plight.
I^edl-oate (prWI-kat), r. /. [L. praedieare^ -entwn^
to proclaim. See Priach.] To assert to belong to
something ; to affirm (one thing of anotiior). —v. i. To
affirm something of another thing ; to make an affirma-
tion. — n. 1. That which is affirmed or denied of a sub-
ject in logic. 2. Tiie word or words expressing what to
affirmed of the subject in grammar. — Pnd'i-oatUui, ii.
Syn.— Affirmation ; declaration.
Pndl-oa-to-iy (-k4-t6-rj^), a. Affirmative ; positive.
Pr»-dlOt' (prf-dlkf), V. t. [L. praedicerej -dictum,
to predict ; prae ■+■ dicere to say.] To tell beforehand ;
to prophegr. — Prt-iliot'or, n.
Syn. — To foretell : prognosticate ; ]
Pre-dlO^tiOfl (-dTk'sh&n), n. Prophecy.
Syn. — Augury ; divination ; vaticination ; foreboding.
; presage; bode.
fdrn, reo«nt, drb, r^e, f^, |bn, fob4, f cTot, out, oil, eliair, go, sin|s, i||k, t|iai», Uifn,
PREDICTIVE
440
PREMEDITATION
Tn4k(lftWt (prt-dTkfTv), a. Foretelling ; prophetic.
Pre'dl-lM'ttoll (prS^dMik'sliQu), n. [Pref. pre. -f-
L. dUigere^ 4eclumf to prefer.] A previous likiuK ; pre-
pOMeMion of uiiud in faror of aometliiue ; partiality.
Pre^Obl-pOM' (-dTa-pOiO, v. t. X. To diapoM or in-
cline beforehand; to give a predispoaition or biaa to.
2. To make fit beforehand ; to give a tendency to.
Pr»41rpo4lltloa (-dTa^D^-zWlin), n. 1. A predis-
posing, or Deinff prediapoaed ; inclination or propensity ;
predilection. 2. PreTloua fltnesa or adaptation to any
change, impression, or purpoae ; soaoeptibility.
Pli^oml-IIABt (-d5m^-nant), a, {V. Bee PftSDOMi-
VATB.] Hariiig ascendency orer others ; superior in
strength or authority. — Pra-dOOil-aailOt, Pr»4«ml-
naB-oy (-nan-sj^), n. — Pr*-aoml-iuuit-ly, adv.
Sjn. — Prevalent ; superior ; ruling ; controlling.
Pr^HflMBl-IUIto (-i»it), r. i. [Pref. prt- -\- dominate.']
To be superior in number, strength, inlluenoe, or author-
ity ; to preraiL — PTO-dQm'l-liatlon, n.
Pr*4lBi1-lia&t (-<m^-nent), a. [L. praeeminen*^
•eniU.'} Eminent above oChera. — Pr»-«Bl-lia&M7,
adv. —Pre Mml-mmot, n.
Tf-4uMif (prMmt^), v. t. & i. To settle upon (pub-
lic land) with a right of preemption.
PlW-mptlOII (-fimp'shfin), n. [Pref. pre- + emption.
Bee Rbdbbi.] Act or right of purchasing before others.
PTMB (prBn), n. [A8.j9re^cUsp,bo(UEin.] A forked
tool for dressing doth. ^ v./. To dress with a preen ; to
trim (the feathers) with the beak ; — said of birds.
Pre^Vn-fage' (prB'Sn-gijO* •*• t- To engage by pre-
▼I<ni8 contract ; to fr^n^M^ny^ — PlWo-gaffefniMIt* i».
Pn'ljli-tabllabp j^ t. iu estabUsh beforehand. ~
Ptvita'tAbliAll-meilt, n. [before something else. I
Pf«'1iX'l«t' t-^K3^-f'^'^< T' i. To exist previously, or|
Pr* is Ltf^eHoe, n i Kilstenoe previous to some-
thlufr efhe^ 1. KxiNtt^Eji-e nj the soul before its union
wit 1 1 ^hn Im-k1v, - Frrifx-lflt'eilt a.
pr.f ., , . . . itrt ; 2)t n. [F. ; L. prae/atia^ fr. prae-
:j£f-bsLiui i pr^t -^-fari^ fatu*^ to speak.]
nething' spoken or written as introductory to a dis-
course, book, or essay ; introduction, ^v.t. &i. To in-
troduce bypreliminary remarks.— Prtfa-OMT (-t-atr), n.
Sjm. — Preamble ; proem; prelude; prologue.
Praf A-tO-ry (-Vtft-ry)i «• Introductory.
Prefect (pr^fSkt), n. [L. praefcere, -feetum^ to set
over; prae -\- /actre to make.] 1. A Roman ofBcer
who controlled a particular command, charge, depart-
ment, etc. 2. A French municipal officer.
Prt^eo-tm (-fSk-tftr), n. office, jurisdiction, or
official residence of a prefect.
Prt-fer' (prt-fJr'), r. t. VL. praefene ; prae -{-ferre
to carry.] i. To carry or bring (something) forward ;
to offer (a request, prayer, claim, charge, etc.). %. To
cause to go before ; to advance before others ; to exalt ;
to promote. 3. To set above something else in estima-
tion, favor, or liking ; to hold in greater favor.
Syn. — To choose ; elect ; select. See Choosb.
PrtTflr-a-Ue (prSfSr-i-bH), a. [F.I Worthy to be
preferred ; more desirable. — PrefflT-A-Dle-ness, Pr«f'-
ar-a-liill-ty, ». — Pr«l'«r-A-1fly, adv.
Pnfflr-enOd, n. [F.] 1. A preferring, or being
preferred ; a setting of one thing before anotlier ; hitrher
estimation ; predilection ; power of choosing. 8. Tiiat
which is preferred ; object of superior favor.
Pref^flr-en'tlal (-^n'slml), a. Giving, indicating, or
having a preference or precedence.
Prv-ter'UlMlt (pri-fer'ment), n. 1. A preferring, or
advancing in dignity or office ; promotion. 8. A posi-
tion or office of honor or profit. — Prv-ter'rflr, n.
Prt-flC'im (-fTg'ftr ; 40), v. t. [F. pr^Jifptrer, or L.
praefiffurare, -nitum ; prae -f flgurare to figure.] To
show by antecedt^nt *'ypes and similitudes ; to fore-
shadow. — Prt-fig'lire-meilt Prt-ttg'n-ra'tion, n. —
Pre-flg'iir-A-tiTe (-&-tTv), a.
8omei
Prt-fia' (prI-fTks'), r. /. [L. praefigfre^ •/'mr, *o
fix before ; prae -f fig^n^ to fix.] To put or ttx before,
or at the beginning of, another tiling.
Pra'iiZ (prS^ks). n. That which is prefixed ; one or
more letters or syllables combined with the beginning of
a word to modify its signification.
Pl«ClUUlt (prSg'naut), a, [Lb praeman*^ -mantis;
prae -f- genere^ gignere^ to beget.] X Being with
young, as a female; having coaoelved; great with
yo«mg; preparing to bring forth. 2. Heavy with im-
portant contents or significance ; full of consequence ;
weighty. — Prtg^Dattt-ly, adr. — PrfffBAB-oy (-n«n-
sy ), n. [being seized. I
Pr«-]MBfll-bl6(pr»-h«n'sT-b*l),o. [F.] Capable of |
Pr»-llMI'ltte (-stn, a. [L. prehendere, -hensum^ to
lay hold of ; pre- -f hendere (iu comp.), akin to R. get."]
Adapted to seise or grasp ; as, a monkey*s prehensile tail.
Pr»-llMI'flOII, n. A grasping.
PrtllUhttrlo (-hTs-tSr^k), a.
fore written history begins.
Prd-|lld|y (-JOjO, tr. /. & i. To Judge before hearing,
or before Toll examination ; to decide by anticipation ;
to condemn beforehand. — Prv-JvAg^toMIt, n.
Prt-jU'dl-oate (prt-JuMT-ktt), a. [L. praHMdieare,
•cntum. to prejudge ; prae -J- judicare to Judge.] 1.
Formed before due examination. 2. Prejudiced. — r. I.
& i. To prejudge. — Prt-Jll'tfi-CMI'ttoll, n.
1-dloO (priSJ'fi-dTs), n. [F. '
Pert, to a period be-
,1* praejudieium ;
prae + judicium Judgment.] ~ X. Judgment formed
without due examination ; opinion adverse to anything,
without Just grounds or sufficient knowledge. 2. A bias
on the part of Judge, Juror, or witness which iuterterea
with fair Judgment. 3. Mischief ; damage ; iniur>-.
8yn. — Prejudgment ; prepossession ; bias ; hurt.
— r. /. 1. To prepossess with opinions farmed withont
due knowledge or examination ; to biaa the mind of. 2. To
obstruct or injure by prejudices ; to damage ; to impair.
Pnl'Q-di'GUd (-dTsh'ol), a. Hurtful ; Uijurioua.
Prtra-oy (prSl'i-sJ^), n. 1. Office or dignity of a
prelate ; church government by prelatea. 2. Order of
prelates, collectively ; body of ecclesiastical dignitaries.
Prtl'At0 (-tt ; 2), n. [F. prSlat, fr. L. praeiatus, used
as p. p. of vrae/erre to prefer.] Clergyman of a supe-
rior order (archbishop or biahop) having authority over
lower clergy ^dl^itar^^f the church. — Prel'tt^-ablp,
Prelacy; episcopacy.
Prel'a-tlCt, n. One who advocates prelacy, or gov-
ernment of the church by prelates; a high-churchman.
Pr»-leOtlOII (pit-ISk'shlin), n. [L. prneleciio.} A
lecture read in public. — Prt-Uolor, n.
Prt-Uml-na-rr (-llm1-nt-ij^), a. [Pref. pre- + L.
liminnris belonging to a threshold, fr. limen^ liminis^
threshold.] Introductoiy ; preceding the mala diaoourse
ower clergy ; dignitary of the
I. - Pn-Ut1o (pr»-UftTk), F
Prtl'A-tlBII (pr«'A.tt«'m), »
— n. Something preparatory.
8yn. — Introduction ; preface; prelude.
Pn'lvdA (prS^ud or prSl'ud], ii. [F. ; L. pme +
Indus play.] lutroductorv performance, preparing for
tlie principal matter ; preliminary part, stnUn, etc
Syn. — Preface ; preliminary ; preamble ; precursor.
Pr*-llUto' (pr^-lQd'), r. i. [L. pradudere^ -lusum;
prae -}- ludere to plav.l To give a prefatory perform-
ance ; to serve as prelude. — > r. I. 1. To introduce with
a previous performance. 2. To precede as introductory.
— Pre-la'slva (-lu'sTv), Prt-ln'io-ry. a.
Pre^HU'tnre' (prS^mi-tur^), o. [L. praematurus;
prae + niatums ripe.] 1. Mature or npe before the
proper time. 2. Happening, f xisting, or performed be*
fore the proper or usual time ; too earlr. 3. Arriving
without due evidence. — Pre'BUhtvnly, adr. — Prf .
nu-ton'iMM, Tn'mM'Wn^ (.tu'rT-tf ), n.
Prt-BMdl-Ute (-m«da-tSt), v.LAi, IL. praemedi-
tnri^ 'tatus; prae -f meditari to meditate.] To contrive
previously.- Prt-nMd^-UtlOtt, it.
ft, S, 1, 9, 0, long ; ft, «, 1, <K A, t> "tMyrt ; aniAte, «ven^ tdea, 6b«y, tinite, oAn, lim, Aak, §0, llii^
PREMIER
441
PRESENTABLE
Plt«iil-«r (prt^T-9r), a. [F. ; fr. L. pritnaritu of
the flrat raiik, priucipal, fr. primus fir«t.] Vint ; chief ; I
"^ * J minister.
, -Pra'ml-tr-slilf,
Fzm'iM (prftn^a), n. ; i>/. Pbbmubs ^-t-rfi). [Writ-
priucipal. — n. Prime i
ten also, leae prop., premiss,'] [P. primtsse^ Ir. L. pra«-
miUere^ -missum^ to send before ; pra« + miUere to ,
•end.] 1. A proportion wteoedeutlv proTed, or ae-
mmed as the basis of argument ; oouditlon ; supposition,
a. p/. A piece of real estate ; a building and its adjuncts.
m-mlM' (pri-miz'), V. /. To set forth beforehand,
or as introductorv to the main subject ; to lay down
premises, on which to rest subsequent reasonings. — r. i.
To set forth something as a premise.
Pn^-Qin (prS^ml-Qin), i». [L. praemium^ orig.,
what one has got before or better than otiiers ; prae -f-
emere to take, buy.] 1. A reward ; priie to be won bv
being before others, in a competition ; a bounty. 2.
gomething given for the loan of money; bonus. 3. A
sum paid to underwriters for insurance. 4. A sum in
advance of, or in addition to, the par value of anything.
Pre-mmi'UOi (-mSuTah), r. L [Pref . pre- 4- monUh, ]
To forewarn ; to admonish beforehand.— Pre'BIO-llHkni
(-mi-nTshiin), ». — Pr^-moBl-to-ry, a.
Prt-ot/OQ-pan-oy (-Sk'kt-pon-sj^), n. Act or right of
taking pos^wsion before anoUier.
Pr»4)0'01l-pa^ttoll (-i^'shiin), ». A preoccupying, or
being preoccupied ; prepossession.
Prt^M'OII-py (-pi), V. t. 1. To take possession of be-
fore another. 2. To prepossess ; to prejudice.
Pre'or-dlllll' (-dr-danOi ^' I' To ordain or appoint be-
forehand ; to predetermine ; to foreordain. — Pr*-«f'dl-
lUUloe (-dT-nons), Pre-ordl-na'tton (-nS'sh&n), n.
Prmya-rallOB (pi«p'4-rl'8hlin), n. 1. A preparing
or ^Omg beforehand for a particular purpose or condi-
tion ; a making ready. 8. A being prepared ; readiness ;
fltnass. 3. Preparatory measure. 4. That which is pre-
pued by a certain process or for a particular purpose.
Pf-piMfa-ttV (prt-pSr^A-tTv), a. Tending to prepare
or make ready; preparatory. — ». 1. That which can
prepare for a purpose. 2. Something done in the way
of preparaUon. — Pr»-par'a-tt¥«-ly, adv.
PlB-pai^ft-tO-ry, a. Preparing tlie way for anything ;
anteoedent and adapted to what follows ; preparative.
Pre-MlV (-ptrO, V. /. [F. preparer; L. prae -f-
1 ,„ , « To fit or qualify for a par-
ide.
parare to make nMy.} 1.
ticular purpose. 2. To get
S711.— Tofit; adjust; uu
ready ; to provid
just fqualify'; equip; make ready.
; i. 1. To make all things ready ; to put things in
order. 2. To get ready. — Prt-par'«r, n.
fte-pay'lMllt (-pigment), n. Payment in advance.
Pre^MBM' (-pensO, a. [Pref. pre- -h F. penser to
think.j Plannea or devised beforehand ; premeditated ;
aforethought.
Prt-pOB'dar-ailt (-p9n'd9r-<nit), a. [L. praeponde-
nns, -rantis,} Preponderating ; outweighing. — Pft-
pon'dw-aiioe (-ans). Pr»-P0ll'd«r-«]1-0F (-an-bj^), n.
Pre-pon'dMr-ato (-it), v. t. & i. [L. praepondemre^
•raium ; prae -f ponderare to weigh, fr. pondus^ -deris^
weight.] 1. To outweigh. 2. To overpower by stronger
influence or moral power. — Pr*-MMI'(Mr-ati0ll, ».
Frap^O^ttlOII (prfip'ft-zTshnin), n. [L. prneposUio^
fr. praeponere to irtace before ; prae + ponere to put.]
Word connecting a noun or pr(mouu,in an adjectival or ad-
verbial sense, with another word. — Prtp^O-si'tiOll-al, n.
Ft^90&^i-ttW9 (prt-pdxf-tlv), a. [L. praepotUivus.]
Put before; prefixed. —n. A prepositive word.
Pre^pOl ■f^ (-p6«-»«s' or .^s8»'), p. t. 1. To
preoccupy (ground or land). 2. To bias or prejudice ; to
give a favorable opinion at the outset.
Pre^pw laMlng, a. Attractive.
Pre'pOA-MS'Biim, n. 1. Preoccupation ; prior poa-
•esidnn. 2. Preconceived opinion or impression.
S711. — Bias : inclination ; prejudgment. Bee Bbmt.
Pre-pOB^tsr-OOi (-pKytSr-tts), a. [L. praepostems;
prae -f- posterns coming after, hitter.] Contrary to n»*
ture or reason ; utterly f oolihh ; perverted. — Prt-poif-
ter-ims-lT; a</v- - Pre-pMtMr-om-iMMi, n,
Hyn. — Tenrerted ; wrong ; monstrous. See Abshbo.
Px«-r«q'lll-Slte (-rCk'wI-sit), a. Previously required.
— n. bomethiug necessary to an end cm* effect proposed.
Prt-lOf'A-tlTe (-rSg'A-tiv), ». [F. ; L. prueroffoHva
precedence in voting, preference, privilege, fr. prae +
rogare to ask. ] An exclusive or peculiar privilege ; ^ior
and indefeasible right ; essential possession.
8yn. — Pririlege ; right. See PBnnuwB.
Pra'Mf* (P»*'-»J ^ pr»»^J)» «• [»"• prisagf, L.
praesagium; prae -\- sagire to perceive sharply.] 1.
Something portending a future event ; augury. 2. Power
to look into the future ; foreknowledge.
8 jn. — Prognostic ; omen ; token ; sign ; presentiment.
Fit lift* ( prt-eij'), v.t.&i. To foreknow ; to predict.
PrMl>y-t«r (priJs'bt-tar or prSs^-), n. [Gr. trp«<r/Sv-
Tcp<K, fr. npdafivt old.] 1. An elder in the early Caris-
ti<m church. 2. A priest. 3. Member of a presbytery.
Fn^h7'Wli-alC'tX'TX-al),a, Presbyterian-
Prea^toy-te'll-All (-«>n), a. Pert, to a presbyter, or to
ecclesiasuoal government by presbyters.— n. Member
of the Presbyterian church.
Fnt^yrf-t!^Ti-9ai-iKm (-TB*m), n. A church govern-
ment which invests presbyters with all spiritual power^
and admits no prelates ; polity of Presbyterian churches.
Pres'llT-ttr-y (-bT-tSr-j^), n. 1. A body of elders iu
the early Christian church. 2. A judicatory consisting
of all Presbyterian ministers witliin a certain district,
and one layman from each church.
Pn'jMlreBCM (prS'shT-ena or -shens), n. [F. ; L. prae'
scientia. See PsEScnurr.] Foresight.
Pra'lOl-MIt (-3hT-ent or -shent), a. [L. praesciena^
-entis^ p.pr. of praescire to foreknow ; prae -f- scire to
know.] Having knowledge of coming events ; foreseeing.
Pre-flortllt'^skTfbOi v. /. [L. praescribere^ -scriptum;
prae -f scribere te write.] 1. To impose as a peremptory
ortler. 2. To direct, as a remedy to be used bv a patient.
Syn. — To app(4nt ; order ; dictate ; eBtablish.
^v.i, 1. To dictate. 2. To give roedloal directions;
to indicate remedies. 3. To claim title to a thing on the
ground of immemorial use. — Pre-sotfb'cr, ft.
Pre'SOdpt (prS'skrTpt), a. [L. praescribere^ •scrip-
tum.] Directed: prescribed.— n. Direction; precept.
Pr«4Crtp^U0 (•skrTp'tT.bn), a. [F.I Depending
on, or derived from, prescription; proper to be prescribed.
Prt-SOrlp'tloll, n. [F. ; Ihjpraeseriptio.] 1. A pre-
scribing ; thing prescribed. 2. A medical recipe. 3.
Right acquired by legal possession.
Proeonp^V (-tiv), a. (3onsisting in, or acquired
by, long-continued use and enjoyment.
PrM'enoe (prSs'ens), n. 1. A being present, or within
sight or call, or at hand ; — opp. to absence. 2. Place in
which one Is present ; neighborhood. 3. Personal qual-
ities of an individiud ; person. 4. Port ; mien ; air.
Pns'MIt (prSi'fnt), a. [L. praesens, -sentis^ before one,
in sight, p. p. of praeesse to be before ; prae + '**« to
be.] 1. Being at hand ; — opp. to absent. 2. Now ex-
isting ; begun but not ended ; not past or future. 3. Not
delayed ; instant. — n. 1. Present time ; the time being.
2. in. Present letters or instrument (deed 01' convey-
ance, lease, letter of attorney, eto.). 3. A present
tense ; form of the verb denoting action or bdng in the
present time.
I Pre-Mnt' (pr^riJntO, ♦'. '• [I*, praesentare^ fr. prae-
sens.} X. To bring into tlie presence of some one ; to
offer for acquaintance; (with reciprocal pronoun) to
come into the presence of a superior. 2. To set forth.
3. To deliver. 4. To give. 6. To repreeent ; to offer.
PrM'ent (prSzVnt), n. [F.] Anvthing presented.
Sjn, — Donation ; donative ; benefaction. Bee Gift.
Pre-MlirA-tda (prl-x8nf i-bn), a. [F.] Capable of
being presented ; fit to be introduced.
f im, raotfut, drb, r^de, f ^^ Hm, food, f «n>t, out, oil, cliair, (o, siBC ink, then, tbkk.
PRESENTATION
442
PRETERMIT
Prea^m-tA'tiOin (pT&'en-tS'abfin), n, 1, A pratent- |
inff, or being preiexited. 2. Exhibition ; diapUy ; show.
^ ^^^ ' - . -.^ . 1 In a ben
3. An offering » clergynum for institution i
enefice.
Prea^en-tM' (-tS^)* n. One to whom something is pre-
* lo is presented ; one presented to a benefit
(prS-zSnfSr),
Pn-MBtl-llMIlt (-s6n'tT-ment), n. [Pref . pre- -f 9en-
vrhich have compressed beaks, as the ploTert. ~ Plia^gl
nwlral (prSs'sT-rOs'tral), a.
(prfis^roan), n. 1. One who ;
sentod ; one who is presented ; one presented to a l^nefice.
Pr> ■tatter (prS-zSnfSr), n. One who presents.
press, esp. a printing press. 2. One who preaaee clothes.
^ M'mm(prSshV:^)>»- [OF.,fr.L.pr««
timeni ; L. prae + »enHre to feeL] Previous sentiment
or opinion ; foreboding.
PrM'6ltt-ly (pHSx'«nt-IV), adv. At once ; soon.
Prt-MnfmMtt (prt-xenf m^nt), n. 1. Presentation.
2. Setting forth to view ; exliibition. 3. Notice taken
by a grand Jurv of any offense. [served. I
Pr»4Mr¥'A-Dle (-terVA-b*!), a. Capable of being pre- 1
Prai^er-V^tten (prg«^8r-vyshttn), ». [P.] A preserv-
ing, or keeping safe ; a being preserved ; security.
rVMMIT'A-ttVt (prt-sSrv'i-tTv), a. Able, or tending,
to preserve. — ». A preservative agent.
m-MnKa-tO-ry (-t«-ry), a. Preservative. — n. A
room, or apparatus, for preserving perishable things.
Pre-tftnra' (-iSrv'), v. t. [F. pr^server^ fr. L. prae
\tetoTe -}- servare to save, preserve.] 1. To keep from
injury or destruction. 8. To save from decay by use of a
preservative substance, as sugar, salt, etc. 3. To main-
tain throughout ; to keep intact.
Sjn. — Tosave : secure ; sustain ; pi
-> V. i. 1. To make preserves. 2. To protect game. —
Tosave : secure ; sustain ; protect. Bee Kb
1. That wliich is preserved ; fruit, etc, kept by suit-
able preparation. 2. Place in wliich game, flsh, etc., are
preserved for sport, or for food. ~ Pr»Kirv^er, n.
Pfe-flUto' (-ridOi v.i [L. praesidere ; prae -f- tedere
to sit] 1. To be set, or to sit, in the place of authority ;
to direct, as chiet officer. 2. To watch over.
PrM'l-dMl-<nr (prSs^-den-B^), n. 1. Function or con-
dition of one wno presides ; superintendence. 2. Office
of president. 3. Term during which a president servea.
4. One of the three great divisions of British India.
^tmMMBXt n. [F. ; L. praeHderu^ -dentis^ p. pr. of
praesUUre,} Chief officer of a corporation, company,
society, etc ; chief executive officer of certain republics.
Prea^l-dMlllal (•dSn'shal), a. 1. Presiding or watch-
ing over. 2. Pert, to a president. [of president. I
Praal-dMlt-slllp (-drat-shTp), n. Office and dignity |
Pr»-lld'or (prt-zid'Sr), n. One who presides.
PreM (prfa), V. t. [OF. prett a loan, fr. L. proes/are
to become surety for ; prae -f- stare to stand.] To force
into service, esp. naval service.— n. A commission to
force men into public service.
PreM, V. t. [F. presser, fr. L. presgare to press, fr.
premere^ prestum^ to press.] 1. To act upon with force ;
to push or thrust ; to compress. 2. To express (juice or
contents) from something. 3. To squeeze, compact, or
smooth. 4. To embrace closely ; to hug. 6. To oppress.
6. To straighten ; to distress. 7. To constrain ; to com-
pel. 8. To try to force (something upon some one) ; to
nrge importunately. 9. To hurry; to urge on. — r. i.
1. To exert pressure. 2. To throng ; to encroacli. 3. To
nrge vehementiy. — n. 1. An
apparatus for pressing, squeez-
ing, stamping, or shaping any
substance; building oontaiuiug
presses. 2. A printing press. 3.
Business of printing ana publish-
ing ; printed publications, collect-
ively. 4. Case for keepingclotltes,
papers, eto. 6. A thronging for-
ward. 6. Urgent demands of busi-
Des4. 7. A multitode crowded to-
gether; throng. — PreM'or, n.
Pran'lllff* «• Urgent; exact-
ing. — PreMlng -ly, <w/r.
Pnrsl-nMtMr (-sT-rUsnSr), n.
[L. presjttis pressed -+- rostrum
beak.] One of a tribe of wading birds including those
,. .... . presntnutr.
emere. ] 1. A pressing, or being pressed ; comnreastom.
2. A constraining force or impuue. 3. AfBictlon; dis-
tress. 4. Urgency. 6. Impressioa; stuup; chazmct^r
impressed. 6. Action of a force against some obatacle
or opposing force ; thrust.
Pnrti-dlcl-U'tor ( Dr«s'tI-dIJT.ti't8r ), n. [L.
prueito reaoy -\- digitus nnger.] A Juggler.
PiMtlce (prSs'tTj ; F, prSe'ttzh'), ». [F., fr. L.
profstigiae deceptions, jugglers' tricks.] Infloeace de-
rived from character or reputation.
PrM^ (prSs^i), adv. [It. or 8p., quick, quickly.]
Quickly ; in haste ; suddenly.
Pie-smn'A-lfle (prt-zum'&-b*l), a. [F. ] Such aa may
be presumed. — Pre-simi'a-Uy, adv.
Pre-Slime' (-zum'), v. t. [F. pritumer^ L. prae-
tumerCf -sumptum ; prae -f- sitmere to take.] 1. To aa-
surae or toke beforehand ; to do without leave previooaly
obtained. 2. To take to be true without examination ;
to take for granted.— v. i. 1. To infer. 2. To take
liberties. — Pre-iiim'flr, n.
PrVHramptkni (-z&mp'shfin), ». 1. A presuming, or
believing upon probable evidence ; belief upon incompleto
rof. 2. Ground for presuming; strong probaUlity.
That which is presumed or assumed. 4. A ventur-
ing beyond due bounds of courtesy ; forward ctnduct.
Pra-sunpttre (-tTv), a. Baaed on pre8nmpti<m or
probability ; probable. — Pl0-S1lllip^¥»-ly, adv.
Prt-ramptll-eilS (-tfi-Hs; 40), a. l. Full of pre-
sumption ; venturesome. 2. Founded on presumption.
3. Done in violation of known duty ; wOlfuL ^ PM-
■nmpOii-oiis-ly, adv. — Pn-manpan-oui-iMn, ».
8yn. — Overconfident ; rash ; forward ; inaoleni.
Pre'mip-POM' (pr»'8Bp-p5«'), r. t. To BuppoM be-
forehand ; to take for granted ; to aasume. —Plttay-
pO-sHton (•sQp'pi-zTsh'Bn), n.
Pre-tence' (-tens'), n. Pretense.
Prt-tend' (-t«nd'), r. t. [F. priiendre, L. praetendertj
-tentuntf to stretoh forwanl, pretend, assert; prae +
tendere to stretoh. 1 1. To lay a claim to; to claim.
2. To represent falwly ; to feign.— r. i. 1. To allege
a title J to strive after something. 2. To hold out the
appearance of being, possessing, or performing ; to pro-
fess ; to sham. — Pre-t«lld'«r, n.
Prt-ttnd'ed, a. Unreal ; false. — Pr*-tMld'«d-ly, adr.
Pr*-t01UM' ) (-tens'), n. [LL. praetennts^ for L. proe-
Pre-tttlioe' l tentwi, p. p. of tMraetendere.} 1. A lay-
ing claim ; claim laid ; assumption ; pretension. 2. A
holding out to others something false or feigned ; aimo-
lation. 3. Pretext; feint.
Sjn. — Pebtb5ss: Pbbtbzt; appearance: color;
show ; excuse. — kptffm*e in held out as real when it Is
not BO, thus falsif ying the truth. A pretext is woven up
in order to cover one's true motives or reasons.
Prv-ten'llini (-tSn'slifin), n. 1. A pretending, or lay-
ing claim; an asserting right or titie. 2. Claim made;
a holding out the appearance of a certain character.
Prd-t«BttollS, a. Full of pretension ; assumhig.
Pre^tAT-lm-parfect (prS'tSr-Tm-p^r'fait), a,&». Old
name of the imperfect tense in grammar.
Pret'«r-it (pHJfJr-It or pr^ter-Tt), a. [L- praeterire,
-teritum^ to go or pass bv : praeier beyond, by + ire to
go.] [Written also preterite and prttterite.'] Psst ; —
Heftdit of Pr*i*irorter».
n Plover ; h Lapwing ;
c Riits Dotterel.
appiieo to a tense expressing an action or state as part.
PtV'tflr-ltlon (prS/tSr-Tsh'fin), n. 1. A paasing, oi
going past ; a being past. 2. A rhetorical fignre by which.
in pretending to pass over anything, a summary meatkm
of It is made. Called also paraieipti*.
nre^ter-mlt', r. /. [L. praetermittere, -mtstum ; prae^
ter -f- mittere to send.] To pass by ; to omit ; to disregard.
Sy Sf f, 0, 0, long ; ft, 6, 1, 5, a, f, short ; senftto, 6 vent, tdea, 6bey , dnite, oiire, firm. Ask, ^1, flmil.
PRETERNATURAL
443
PRIMER
Pntff-aArn-ral (prS^USr-nSt^-rol ; 40), a. Beyond
what is natunl, but not dearlr miraculous ; strange ;
■bnomuO. — Pre^tar-ntt^-ral-iy, adv.
Sjn. ~ Bee Sdpbbnatithal.
PjrftMr-p«rflMt (-pSfiOct), a. & n. Old name of the
preterit tense. [of the pluperfect tense. I
Prt^lMr-ptll'Mr'iaOt (-plS'pSi^ffikt), a, a n. Old uuue |
^n^tm\pTm6\uA or pr^Unut'), n. [L. praetexere,
•teitum, to weare before, allege as an excuse ; prae -f
t€xere to weare.] Ostensible reason ; pretense.
Syiu—Bxeuse; semblauoe; disguise. Bee Pbbtimsb.
PratQr(pr9t9r),ii. [L.pra«tor, fr.pro^-firf to go."
A oivnofBoeramong the ancient Romans. — Pr«-f '
(-tyrl-al), Fn-Wn-ta. (-<in), c
Prot^ (prtf ty), a. IAS. pn
pr»l deceit.] 1. Pleasing b^ delicacy or ([race ; neat or
[AB. prmttig crafty, sly, akin to
elecaot without grandeur. 2. Moderately large ; consid-
evable. 3. Aff ectedlr nice ; foppish. 4. Mean ; despi-
cable ; — used ironically. — adv. In some degree ; mod-
erately ; rather ; almost —PntftL-ljj adv.
8yn» — Bl^ant : neat ; Ane. Bee Handsomb.
n«t^al (prSt'aBl), n. [G.l A Oerman salted cake.
Pn-TAll' (prt-Tii')» V. i. [OF. prevaleir^ L. proem-
lere; prae •{- vaiere to be strong.] 1. To overcome ; to
gain the advantt^Ke. 2. To be in force; to obtain. 3.
To persuade or induce ; — with ofit upon^ or tvith.
Pra-Tall1llg« a, 1. Having superior force or influence ;
effloadons; parsuaaive. 2. Predominant; prevalent.
Prar'a-Luit (prSv'&-l«nt2, a. Ih. jpraevalens^ 4entUt
ority; prevailing; predominant; victorious. 2. Moat
generally received or practiced; gener^y existing;
widespread. —PxvT'a-latt-ly, adv. — Prtr'a-lens*, n.
871U — PSBVALBNT ; PftSTAiLDTO : predominant; suc-
oesiful ; efflcacioiujLpowerful. — What customarily pre-
vails is prevalent, what actually prevails is prevailing.
Prt-Tarl-Oftt« (pr^vIrT-kat), V. i. [L. praevaricari,
•catus^ to walk crookedly ; prae -f- varicare to straddle.]
To shift from one side to the other, or from truth ; to
quibble. — Prt-TftTl-OA'tor, n. — Pre-TATl-Ol'tloil, n.
Syn* — To Pkbvabioats; Btaob; Equivocatb; quib-
ble : shnfBe. — One who evade* a question ostensibly an-
swers it, but really turns aside to some other point. He
who equivoades uses words of a double meining, so th it
in one sense ho can clsim to have said the truth, though
he does in fa'it deceive, and intends to do it. Ha who
prernricrtes talks all round the question, hopUig to
^* dodge " it, and disclose nothbig.
Pra-Tmt' (-v«nf), V. t. [L. praerenire, -ventum ;
prae -\- venire to come.] To intarcept ; to hinder : to
thwaH. — Prt-vwifa-ble, a. — Tn-rmVn, n. — Pre-
▼raHoB, n. — Pr»-VWItlTO, a. & n.
PrsM-OflB (prj'vl-lls), a. [L. prmvitu iifoing before ;
prae -{- via way.] Going before. — Pfd'Vl-OIIS-ly, adv.
— Pr^M-oat-aen, n.
871U— Antecedent; anterioi*; prior; former.
Art-Vl'slOII (-vTsh'ttn), n. [P., fr. L. praevidere to
foresee : prae + videre to see.J Foresight ; prescience.
Prvy (pri), fi. [OF. preie^Ij.praeda.1 1. Anything
got by violence, or taken from an enemy in war ; spoil ;
booty ; plunder. 2. What is seised by animals or birds
to be devoured ; one given up as a victim. 3. A devour-
ing other orefttures. — r. i. To ravage. — Prey'er, n.
PllM (pris), n. [OE. & OF. prUy L. preTiuw.] 1.
Bum at which a thing is valued, bought, or sold ; cost.
2. Value ; worth. 3. Reward ; recompense. — v. t.
V. To set a price on : to value. 2. To ask the price of.
Pries evraat, Pries Ust, a published list of prevailing
prices of merchandise, stocks, bills of exchange, etc.
PllOVleM, a. Of Inesthnable worth ; invaluable.
Pdtfk (prTk), n. [Aa prioa.1 1. That which pricks
or ponctures; goftd; point. 2. A pricking: sharp,
stinging pain ; remorse. 3. Mark made by a pointed in-
strument; puncture; point.— r. /. 1. To pnnoturp.
2. To designate by pricking. 3. To spur ; to goad ; to
aifs on. 4. To sthig, as with remorse. 6. To erect into
a point; to raise (something pointed, as an aninMl*t
ears ) ; — hence, to prick up the ears^ to listen sharply.
— V. i. 1. To be punctured; to feel a sharp pain.
2. Tospur onward.— Pll«k«er,n.
Prlo4le (prlknc'l), ». [as. />rice/e.] A little prick;
aharp point ; fine projection from au animal's skin, bark
of a plant, etc. ; a spine. — v. t. To prick slightly.
Plickly, a. Fullof prickles.— Pilokll-a0W,f».
Pllde (prid), n. [AS. prflte.'\ 1. A being proud ; in-
ordinate self-esteem. 2. Bmae of one*s own worth, and
abhorrence of what is beneath one ; lofty self-respect ;
dignified bearing. 3. Disdainful treatment ; insolenoe.
4. Tliat of which one is proud. 6. Show ; ostentation.
6. Highest pitch; prime; glory. — v. t. To indulge in
pride, or seh-esteem ; to plunte (one's self).
Byn. — Prnms; VAxrrr; conceit; hauteur; haughtl-
uess ; lordliness ; loftiness. — Pride is a high or au ex-
cessive esteem of one's self for some real or imagined
superiority, as rank, wealth, talents, character, etc.
Vanitu is the love of being admired, praised, etc., by
others. Vanity is an ostentation of pride ; but one may
have great pride without displaying it.
Pllest (prSst), n. [AS. pre6U^ tt. L. presbyter, Or.
wptafiurtpot older, n., an elder, compar. of wpiv^ aa
old mau.l 1. A Christian presbyter or elder ; a minis-
ter. 2. One who officiates at the altar, or performs tha
rites of sacrifice ; mediator between men and the gods.
Prtoironift' (-kritt'), n. Priestly policy; fraud in
religious concerns.
PitoSt'MS, n. A female priest.
Pllest'llOOd (-hdbd), n. L. Office or character of a
priest ; priestly function. 2. Priests, collectively.
PflMltly, o. Pert, to a priest or the priesthood;
sacerdotal ; befitting a priest. — PlteStOl-lMW, n.
Prig (prig), V. i. & t. [A form of prick.'] To filch. —
n. L A pert, pragmatical fellow. 2. A thief. [Cani]
Prlg'gtah (-gTsh)« a> Conceited ; pragmaticaL
PrlmTprIm),a. [OF., fr. L.t>r»mtM first. BeePaiMS,
«.] Formal ; precise ; affectedly nice. — r. t. To deck
with great nicety : to prink.
Prllna-oy (pri'mA-»y), n. [LL. primatia, fr. L. pri-
masy -matiSf chief, fr. primus.} Office, rank, or char-
acter of a primate ; office of an archbishop.
II Prl'ma Aon'lUI (prS'mA dOn'uA). [It. , f r. pHma first
-\- donna lady, mistress.] Chief female singer in an opera.
Pri'DUtKe (pri'mtj ; 2), n. [F.] Charge in addition
to the freight on goods shipped.
Prl'nul (-mal), o. [LL primalU, fr. L. pHmus.}
First ; primarv ; original ; chief.
Prl^taa-ry i-mA-ry), a. {Ij.primariusy fr. primus.}
1. First in order of time. 2. Ireparatory to something
higher. 3. Chief; principaL— n. 1. A chief matter.
2. A primary meetmg ; caucus. 3. One of the lanre
feathers on a bird's wing. — Prl'taUI-rl-ly, arfr. — Pir-
na-rl-nQM, n.
Pri'mate (-mtt), n. [OE. & P. primat, L. primas,
-matiSj one of the first, chief, fr. primti* first] Chief eo-
clesisstlc in a church ; arclibishop. — PlllDIMe-Slllp, n.
Prime (prim), a. [F., fr. L. primfi*.} 1. First fan
order of time ; original : primary. 2. First in rank or
importance. 3. Of highest quality. 4. Distinguished
byamark(')calleda/»^mrfmirlr.— n. 1. The first part;
eariiest stage ; beginning (of the day, year, etc.) ; dawn.
2. Spring of life : youth : full hesHh, strength, or beauty ;
perfection. 3. That which is first In quality ; best part.
4. An inch, as composed of 12 seconds ; — denoted \xf
[Q. — r. /. 1. To apply priming to (a gun); to apply a
primer to (a metallic cartridge). 2. To lay the first color
or preparation upon (a surface) in painting. 3. To pre-
pare ; to instruct beforehand ; to coach. [Cottoq.'] 4.
To mark (a mathematical quantity) with a prime mark.
— Pxim'er, n. — PrtnMly, adv. — Prime'BeM. n.
I Prtm'dr (prlm'Sr), n. TOrig., the book read at />r/m«,
I the first canonical honr. LL. pHmae Ither.} 1. Orig.,
fftm, recent, 6rb, ryda, f^ll, Qm, food, fcTot, out, oil, chair, go, sias, i|}k, tfaen, thin.
PRIMEVAL
444
PRIVILEGE
ft iBMUpnyer book for church terrice. 2. A beginner's
reading book. 8. A type of two epecies; oue, iona
primer, intermediate in aixe between bourgeois and snuJl
pica ; Um ottier, great primer ^ larger than pica.
Long primer type.
Great primer type.
Prl-OM^val (prt-mS'Tal), a. [!•. primaevu*; primus
4- aevum age.] Pert, to the first ages ; priattne.
PltDlflag (priming), n. 1. The combustible used to
oonununioate fire to a charge of gunpowder. 2. First
coating of color, sise, etc., which a painter lays on can-
Taa, on a building, etc 8. The carrying orer of water
from the boiler into the cylinder of a steam engine.
PllBl'l*tiT9 (prTmTotTv), a. {h. primiUcus^ f r. pri»
mut.} 1. Pert, to the beginning or to early times ; first.
8. Pert, to a former time ; old-fashioned. 8. Original ;
primary; radical; not derived. »n. An original or
primaryword «-- opp. to derivative, — PllBI1-tt¥*-ly,
adr. — Pllm1-r
Syn* — First; orTginai; primary; radical: pristine;
ancMpt : primeval; antiq^uaied ; ofd-lasluoned.
PriBI'ly, adv. In a nnm or precise manner.
PrlmliMHI, n. A being prim ; preciseness ; stiffness.
Plimo-Ct'lll-Al {pti'mt-]VnX-al), a. First bom, made,
or generated ; original ; elemeutaL
Prt'm»-fftB^-tor (-JCua-t5r), ». [LL., fr. L. primus
-\-wnUor a begetter.] The first ancestor ; a forefather.
Prl'nO-ftlll-tlirt (-tttr ; 40), n. [LL., fr. L. primus
4- genitura birth, generation, fr. gettere, gignere, to be-
get.] 1. The being the firstborn; seniority. 8. Ex-
clusiTe right of inheritance belonging to the eldest son
or daughter. — Pll'ino-(|«lll-tlir»«htp, n.
Prl-Blor'di-al (-mdr'dl-tf l), a. [L. primordialis ; pri-
mus -f- vrdiiri to b^in.] First in order ; primary ; orig-
inal. — Ik A first principle or element.
WOatrvm^ (prIm'rCs'). «• P-L. primula, fr. L. pri-
musA An early fiowering plant allied to the cowslip.
PriBM (prins), n, [F., fr. L. prinetpsy -cipis, first,
chief ; primus 4- capere to take.] 1. The one of highest
rank or authority ; sovereign ; monarch. 2. Sou of a
r. 3. A title for persons of high rank,
(-dfim), n. Jurisdiction, sovereignty,
rank, or estate of a prince.
Prla<Mly» a. 1. Relating to a prince ; regal ; royal.
8. Becoming to a prince ; grand ; magnificent. — adv.
In a OTincely manner. — PllBOeli-lltai, n.
Frm'OtM (prIn'sSs), n. 1. Woman having sovereign
power, or royal rank. 8. Daughter of a sovereign ; fe-
male member of a royal family. 3. Consort of a prince.
Pl1n'0twa(-et-pal),a. [F. ; L. or<nc<pa/i*.] Highest
in rank, character, or degree ; chief; main. — n. 1. A
leader, chief, or head. 8. (a) Chief actor in a crime, or
an abettor present at it, — disting. fr. an accessory, (b)
Chief obligor or debtor, —disting. fr. a surety, (r) One
who em ploys another to act for him, —disting. f r. an agent.
3. A thing of chief importance ; capital sum of money,
placed at interest, due as a debt or used as a fund, —
distinff. fr. interest or nro/T/. — Prtll'ol-pal-ly, adv.
PriB'0l-p«ll-ty (-pUnr-tj^), n. [L. prindpaHtas pre-
eminence, excellence.] 1. Sovereignty ; supreme power.
8. A prince. 3. Territory or jurisdiction o" a prince.
Pria'd-ple (-sT-pH), n. [F. prineipe, L. principinm
beginning, foundation, fr.pr<ncep«,-ripi«.l 1. A source,
or origin ; ultimate element, or cause. 2. An oriirinsl
faculty or endowment. 3. A fundamental truth ; com-
prehensive law from which othem are derived ; mnxim ;
axiom ; poatulate. 4. A settled rule of conduct. 6. Any
oriffinal inherent chemical constituent which character-
ises a ffnbKtanc«>.
Pllnk (prTnk), v. i. A t. To prank.
PrtBt (print), r. t. [Abbr. fr. imprint. Bee Prbss to
squeeie.] 1. To fix or impress (a stamp, chftraeter, etc)
upon something. 2. To mark by pressure. 3. Tottiike
ulf an impreaaion from type, engraved plates, etc 4. To
take (a copy, positive picture, etc.), from a photograpLic
negative, transparent drawing, etc).— r. C 1. To use
typography. 2. To publish a book, article, etc ->fi. 1.
Mark miade by impression. 2. Btanip or die for fanprcas-
ing a deaign upon an object. 8. Printed lett«ra; im-
pression taken from type, an engraved plate, etc ; a
grinted publication, newspaper, etc ; a fabric figured
y stamping, eep. calico or cotton cloth ; a photogn^hic
copy, or poaitive picture.
trmt'tr, n. One who prints ; tvpeaetter ; presonaii.
Prtntlng, n. The impressing letters, charactera, or
figurea on paper, cloth, etc ; budnecs of a printer ; tjTpog-
Tuphv ; the producing nbotogn^ihio printa.
PiTOr (pri'Sr), o. [h. ; compar. ooncep. to
first, and pro for. 1 Preceding in time ; former ; prcviotia.
^ n. Superior of a priory, next below an abbot.
Pri'Oi:-«tt, n. A lady superior of a priory of nans.
Pll-<Hrl-ty (-9ra-tj^), n. 1. The behig prior in time,
or preceding something else. 2. Superior rank.
Syn. — Antecedence : precedence ; preeminence.
Pri'O-iy (-d-TJ^), n. [JAj. prioHa.l A religious houae
presided over by a prior or prioress.
Pllmi (prls'm), II. [Or. upuritA^ f r. upiCtv, up C* u-, i o
•aw.] 1. A solid whoee bates or ends are simi- f
lar, equal, and parallel plane figurea, and wboee I
aides are paraUelogTams. 2. A traneparent body, I
with rectangular plane sides, and parallel trian- 1
gular ends, used in experiments on refraction ol |
Ught, dispersion, etc.
Ms-ttiarto (prli-mKtlk), ) o. 1. Like, or I
PlUhmatle-AK-I-koi), ) pert, to, a prism. ^
2. Separated or distributed bv a prism ; formed ,
by a prism. — PriB-BUItlMd-ly, adv.
PlU'lllOid (-moid), n. Body resembling a prism.
Prift'on (prlz'*n), n. [F., fr. L. prehensio a seixing,
arresting, fr. prehendere, prendere. to lav hold of, seize. J
1. Place or state of safe custodv. 2. A building for con-
fining criminals, etc ^ v. t. To imprison ; to oonfine,
Pns'Oll-«r, n. 1. One confined in a priaoo. 8. One
under arrest, in custody, or in restraint ; a captive.
PrifttllM (prTs^In), a. [L. pristinvs, akin to pnor.]
Pert, to the earliest period or ttate ; original ; primitive.
Prl'Va-fly (pr!'v4-»j^), n. 1. A beinff private. 8. Place
of seclusion ; retreat ; solitude 3. Concealment.
Pri'Vato (-vtt ; 2), o. [L. privatus apart from the
state, peculiar to an individtial, Ir. privus sfaigle, private.]
1. Pert, to, or concerning, an individual penon. oom-
nany, or interest ; pergonal ; one*s own ; not public 8.
Secret ; secluded ; solitary. 3. Not publicly known ;
secret.— n. 1. A common soldier. 8. pl. Ae private
parU ; genitals. - Pli'TAtO-ly, o</r. — Pli'vato-atM, n.
Fryrtk-Hm' (-vA-tSr'), n. 1. An srmed privaU xes-
sel commissioned to cruise against the enemy. 8. Com-
mander of a privateer, ^v. u To cruise in a privateer.
Pri-Tatloil (-vi'shfin), ». I. A depriving, or taking
away ; desradation in rank ; deprivation. 8. Destita-
tion : need. 8. A being absent ; negation.
PrtT'a-ttT* (prTv'A-tIv), o. [L. pnvativus.'\ 1. Cana-
ing privation ; depriving. 8. Consistinflr in the absence
of something ; not positive ; negative 3. Implying pri-
vation or n^cation ; giving negative force to a word ; —
applied to such prefixes snd sufiixes as a- (Or. A\ «n»-,
noM-, 'less. — n. 1. That whose essence is the absence
of Hoinrtiiing. 8. A privative prefix or suiBx.
PriT'at, n. A European shrub, much used In hedges.
PrlT^-l«8« (-I-U5J). n. [F. ; L. pHrilegium ; prirus
private -f lex, legis, law.] A peculiisr benefit or favor :
special exemption from an evil or burden ; prerogative ;
franchise. — v. t. 1. To grant a particular right or ex-
emption to. 8. To deliver ; to excuse.
Syn. — ParvfLBoa; Pbbbooatits; immunity; fran-
I, •, 1, 5, 0, loQff i ft, «, 1, 5, «, t> aliOTt ; aenita, dvaot, tdaa, 6bey, finite, c4re, jirm, Aak, tU, flnoL
PRIVILY
445
PROCUREMENT
aUm; ri^t; oliOin: UbMt7.-PHv<{«0«,iuBOOf theRo-
BAD*, WM MOMthiBg oooituTvd upoo Ml indlridattl by «
private Uw, and denutet aome Muuliair ttdvautage, rif bt,
or Unmanltj, not enioyed by the world st Urtfo. l*rt-
rogaiive wm tha right of Totingflrtt : luid donoteta right
of pnoadenca, or <^ doing certain acta, or enjoying ot»r-
tafai prirHegea, to the exdaaiOQ of othera.
Pnf^y (prlv^-lf), adv. In a privy maimer ; lecretlT.
Pltr^ty* n. 1. ftiTaoy; teerecr; confldenoe. S.
Joint knowledge with another of a priTateoonoem; cog-
nlianoe implymg ooosent or ooocorrenoe. 3. A secret.
Pllf»f ff ), a. [F. privi, f r. L. privaiuM. See Pm-
▼▲T&] 1. iHsrt. to tome oeraon exoliuiTely ; not public.
2. Secret ; oland«Mtine. S. Appropriated to retirement ;
not open to the pubUo. 4. Admitted to knowledge of a
•eoret tranaaotion ; aecretly cognisant. — ». 1. One hav-
ing legal intereat in any action or in an eotate created by
anotlier. S. A necessary house.
PrlM (prti), n. [F. prise a seiring, hold, grasp, fr.
nrif, p. p. of prendre to take, L. pret^tere^ prehendere.']
L Thing seised bv force or stiktagem. 2. Anything
captnred by a belligerent using the rights of war; an
honor or reward striven for in a competitive contest ;
that wiiich may be won by chance, as in a lottery.
PllMf V. t. To move with a lever; to force up or
open ; to pry. — 1». A lever ; a pry. [Written also prUe."]
PllMf V. t. [OF. pritier. It. L. pretiare^ fr. pretinm
worth, price.] 1. To estimate the value of ; to appraise ;
to price : to rate. 8. To value highly ; to esteem.
lPn(prO).preD. TL.; akintoE.yor.] ALAtinprepo-
dlioQ aignifylng/or, beifore^ forth. — adv. For, on, or in
behalf or, the Mumative side ; — opp. to con.
Pre and eoa, for and against. — Pros and coas, arguments
or reaaona on both siden.
Pnb'ft-Mll-tV (preb'A.bTlT^jh, n. 1. A being prob-
able. 2. Something probable. 3. Likelihood of the oc-
cnrreooe of anv event.
Srn.— Likeuness: credibleneas : likelihood : chance.
n^MKa-llto (nrSb'i-bn), a. [L. nrobabUU^ It. probate
to try, prove.] 1. Having more evidence for than agunst ;
likelv. 2. Supportinff, or giving ground for, belief, but
not demonstrating. — Piofera-lily, adr.
Pn/bAtt (prS^bSt), n. [L. probare. -baium^ to prove. ]
Co) OfBdal proof; proof of the validity of a wiL (6)
Jurisdiction of proring wills.
PnMbl^llOS (-bCshOn). i». [L. probatio, fr. probare. 1
Any proceeding designed to ascertain truth, to deter-
mine character, qualmoation, etc. ; examination ; triaL
- Pro-te^UciMd, Pra-lMtkm-A-ry, a.
Fro-lMHOB-«rt». One undergoing probation ; a norice.
PlOlNMtV* (-b4-tTv), a. Serving for trial or proof.
Pl«lMI-tO-ry (-bA-td-rj^), a. 1. Sirring for trial ; pro-
batidiary. 2. Pert, to, or serving for, proof.
Fitfb* (pr9b), V. t. [L. probare.'\ 1. To exaraiue (m.
wound, ulcer, or cavity of the body) with a probe. 2.
To search to the bottom ; to sorutinixe thoroughly. — n.
Surgical instrument for examining a wound, ulcer, etc.
TnM-tf (prSbT-l^), n. [L. probUoj^ f r. probua hon-
est. Of. PaoTB.] Tried virtue or integrity.
8yii. — PaoBiTT ; iHTBomnr. — Probity denotes unim-
peachable honesty and virtue, shown especially in per-
fuming those obligations, cnlled imjtrr/fd. which laws
cannot enforce. HUeority denotes a »rAo/**-hearted hon-
esty, and refers particularly to uprightness in mutual
dealings and execution of trusts for others.
Prob'ltlll (-iSm), n. [Or. wp6fi\iitia thing thrown for-
ward, question for solution ; wp6 forward 4- /SaAA«iv to
throw. J Question for solution ; matter stated for exam-
iuatioo ; matter diiBcnlt of settlement ; doubtful case.
PltfblMII-atlO (-Stnk), ) a. Of tlie nature of a
ProVltai-AtiO-Al (-T-kal), I probl<«m ; qiiefttionablf*.
Prt-bOS'oig (prt-b)KsTs), n. ; pi. PaoaoaciDn (-sT-
d»i). [L., fr. Or. wpntfiotrKU ; rp* 4- p6<rKtt¥ to feed.]
A hoUow organ connected with the head or mouth of va-
rious animals, for taking food or drink ; snout ; trunk ; ~
also applied to similar organs of the lower animals.
Pr»Wttm(prft-sVder;40),fi. [F.] 1. Aprooitd.
lug or moving forward ; oonduot. 2. Act performed.
Pli«tt^.8ld'),e.<. lV.mrocSder,iT.h,9roMd§r€,
•eemtm, to go before, proeeea; pro forward 4- oerfers
to move.] I. Tb move or go forward or onward. 2. Td
pasa f nnn one point, topic, or stMe, to another. 3. To
Isaue from a aouroe or origin. C Tb go on in orderly
manner ; to proaeente a dengn. 6. Te operate.
Syn. — To advance; goon; lame; arlae; emanate.
Fro ntrtlng. n. 1. Progieas from one thing to an-
other ; tranaaction. 2. pi. Oourae of procedure in proa-
eoiiting an action at law.
.Srn. — Procedure : meaaure ; step. See TaAKSAcno*.
Pl'O^CWtdg (prS'sSdx), n.pi. TiMd ; issue ; product.
Proo'egS (prOs'Ss), n. [F. proeh^ L. procettut. See
Paocaan.] JC A proceeding ; progress ; advance. 2. A
series of occurrences ; normal course or procedure. 3.
Anv marked bodily prondnence, esp. of a bone. 4. Course
of legal proceedings in a cause.
Pro-OM'slOII (prt-sSsh^On), n. [F., fr. L. proceuio.'\
1. A proceeding ; continuous course. 2. A train of oer-
soiis advancing ho order ; retinue. — Pro-oi^gtaB-gl, o.
Pro-claini' (-klSmO, v. t. [L. proclamare ; pro be-
fore -j- clamare to cry out.] To make known by public
announcement ; to declare. — PnHdalfli'fr, n.
8yn. — To intnnulgate ; declare. See Ahvouikb.
Proo^-DUI^tlon (prOklA-mi'shlln), n. 1. A pro-
claiming; publication. 2. That which is publicly an-
nounced or ofilcially declared ; published ordinance.
PitHdtn-ty (pr^-kllvT-t^), n. (X. oroHiritiu, fr.
proclirU slopuig ; pro ■{• elfnu hill.] 1. Inclination ;
propensity: tendencv. 2. Readiness; aptitude.
Pro-«Oll'g1ll (-kdn^sfil), a. [L. , f r. pro for -h eonnl.l
A Roman officer discharging the duties of a consul with-
out being himself consul ; governor of a province. —
Pro^on'ga-bur (-e«-i«r), Pro^Mii'ga-U-ry C-U^ry), «. —
Pro-coB'ga-Uitt, Pro-oon'giil-glilp, n.
Pro-onBll-IUto (-kris'tl-nit), r. /. A i. [L. procnu-
tinaret -natum^ to procrastinate ; pro -f- <^'W to-morrow.]
To put off till to-morrow, or from day to day. — Pro-
oras^tl-iutloii, a. — PnKonuni-iui'tor, n.
8yn. —To postpone : defer ; delay ; retard ; protraet.
Pro'ort-ato (prtntrMt), v. I. [L proereare^ -ctum ;
pro -f- creare to createj To generate and produce ; to
beget ; to engender. — Pro^OT^^tloll, n. — Pro'ort-*'-
tfT0, a. —Fnfan-tk'tor, ».
Pro-oniS't*-g]l (-krtL'ilwm), a. Pert, to Procrtuteji,
a Oreek highwayman, who fitted hia victims to an iron
bed by stretching out or cutting off their legs, as the
case required ; producing conformity by violent means.
Proolflf (proktSr), n. [OE. proketoury contr. f r. pro-
curator.^ One employed to manage another's affairs,
(a) An officer employed in English admiraltv and
ecclesiastical causes, equivalent to an attorney at com-
mon law, or a aoHcUor in equity. {b)K college officer
who enforces obedience to its laws. — PrOO-tO'll^d (-tS'-
rl-iii), a. — Proolor-slilo, n.
PnHmmnMlIt (prft-kam'b«nt), a. [L. proeumbens,
-6en/i#, p. pr. otvrocumbere to fall, or lean forward ; pro
forward + ««m6iTf (in comp.), aUn to eubare to lie
down.] Ljring down, or on the face ; prone.
PlOO^-nhOy (prSk'tt-ri-sJ^), n. Office or act of a
proctor or procurator ; management for another.
Proo^V-niHoil, n. 1. A procuring; procurement.
2. Management of another's affairs. 3. Instrument
empowering one to transact another's affairs ; a proxy.
Proo^-n'tor (-rit'tJr), n. [LJ Agent : proctor.
Pro-Oim' (pri^-kSrOt r. t. [F. procwrer, L. prom-
rare^ -ratumy to take care of ; pro for -|- curare to carej
1. To provide for one's self or for another ; to get. 2.
To cause. 3. To obtain for prostitution.
8yn. — See Attaim.
nro-ClirtfllMnt, n. l. a procuring or obtaining;
attainment. 2. Rffioient contrivance ; i
fim, reo«nt, 6rb, ryda, Ufil, Qm, ttfbd, ttfbt, out, oil, «lialr, 00^ ains, Ink, than, thlau
PROCURER
446
PROGNATHOUS
PlO-Cia'Bi (prd-kur'Sr), n. 1. One who procuret.
2. A pander. —PnHmr^MS,n./.
Prod (prSd), ». [Gf . Gael. & Ir. brod goad, prickle,
sting.] 1. A pointed inatrument for pricking, as a goad,
awl, skewer, etc. 2. A pnck or stab. — r. t. To prick
with sometlUng sharp ; to goad, incite, or worry.
Prodl-Sll (-t-gal), a. [L. prodiguty ft. prodiffere to
drive forth, to squander away ; pro forwarci -f agere to
-1]'1vf."j Glv*n t^ -"— .— .7-— t -vT-pr,iiniT»; recklessly
plforulM^ — Pi. A r|M'niitiii-ni. - Frod'i gal-ly, <«/»*.
Syn. - Uwijih ; oitmiraeuTit : wra^t' i nT Beie Pbofxtu.
FrodlSftl'l'tT (-p«'l-ty)t "> I'irfiiM»u; waste; —
Pro-dl'Bwo* (P^^'-^TJ'IlflK "' [L- fxf'f'^riottUj It. pro-
diffititn Qi pnxiiify, ] Eitrnurflii]jir>' in bulk, extent,
quantity ^ OT Jf^i**- ; ri^i^- jftf-rit : iiunit'tiBe. — PlO-dl'-
b1oii«47» 'jff^' — Pro-dl^givns-iiefls, **
Syri- ' Huffi'^i tiionaioujt^ jiii^iistrowH ; amaiing.
Frodl'fT thr&m jJK » [L. iir^Hiiuunn; pro before
-I- (iJi^rli.) Tt>Hit of *jth^fjinm Ailnfff ] 1 Something out
of tliH usual cHJUtiti oi \uA.\XTv \ s. }POTt«^t~ 2. Anjrthing
fitted to excite asttmishment ; a marvel.
Syn. — Wonder; miracle; portent; marvel; monster.
Pro-dnoe' (prd-dus'), r. /. [L. producere, -ductum;
pro -(- ducere to lead.] 1. To bring forward ; to offer
to view or notice ; to exhibit. 2. To bring forth (young,
or a natural product or growth) ; to bear ; to propa-
gate. 3. To bring about. 4. To manufacture ; to make.
6* To vield ; to gain. 6. To draw out ; to prolong. — r. t.
Toyield offspring, crops, effects, etc.
iTOd'QM (prSd'us), a. That which is produced or
yielded ; yield ; proceeds ; agricultural products.
Pro-dV^Otr (pr^-du'sSr), n. 1. One who produces or
generates. 2. One who grows agricultuml products,
or manufactures crude materials into articles of use.
PnHhl'ol-bto (-sT-bU), a. Capable of being produced.
— Pro^n'd-Vle-iMM, Pro-On'ol-toai-ty, n.
Prod'not (prWtlkt), n. [L. orfMiucere^ -dtictum.]
1. Anything produced. 2. Sum obtained by adding one
number or quantity to itself as often as there are units
in another number ; result of multli)lication.
Sjn.— Produce; production; fruit; result ; effect.
Pro-dVOtlla (pr^-dBk'tTl), a. [L. productilu^ fr.
producere to stretch out.] Capable of being extended
or prolonged ; extensible ; ductile.
Pro-dlK/tlOD, n. 1. A producing, bringing forth, or
exhibiting to view. 2. That which b produced, yielded,
or made. 3. A lengthening out or prolonging.
8yn.— Product; produce ; fruit ; work: performance.
Pro-dnottv* (-tTv), a. 1. Having nower to produce.
2. Bringing into being ; originative. 3. Fertile ; proflt-
ahie. — Pn^4iiottv9-l7, adr. — PriKdiic'ttve-neM,
Fr&AU9-tLY^-tf (prS'dSk-tTvT.ty), n.
PrO'em (prtJ^m), n. [Gr. irpootVtov ; irpo before -(-
oI/uuK way, stmin of a songj Preface; introduction:
prelude. —Pro-erml-Al (-5'ra^fll), a.
Prof A-BA'tton (prSri-ni'shttn), n. 1. A profaning or
violating jacred things ; desecration. 2. A treating with
disrespect, or with undue publicity, or lack of delicacy.
Pro-fanO' (prft-fan')» a. [F.. fr. L. pro/mtug, prop.,
before the temple, i. e., without the temple, unholy ; pro
-}- fanum temple.] 1. Not sacred or holy ; imconse-
crated ; secular ; — opp. to sacred, relifpoiut^ or inspired.
2. Unclean ; impure ; unholy. 3. Treating sacred things
with contempt, irrevenenoe, or unoue familiarity ; blas-
phemous. — Pro-fuie^y, adv. — Pro-fane^noss, n.
Syn. — Secular ; temporal ; worldly ; unsanotifled ; un-
holy ; irreligious ; un^rodly ; wicked. Bee Impious.
Pro-fUM', V. t. [L. profanare.\ 1. To violate (any-
thing sacred) ; to desecrate ; to pollute. 2. To put to a
wrong use ; to debase ; to defile. — Pro-fan'or, n.
Pro-fan'l-ty (-fln1-ty), n. 1. A being profane ; irrev-
erence ; blasphemy. 2. Profane language or acts.
' (-VM), V. t. [L. proftteH, -/«««* ; pro -f
fateri to confess, ownj L To make open decIantiaB of ;
to admit freely. 2. To put on an appearance of . 3. To
make one*s self a teacher or practtaoDer of ; to declare
(one's self to be such or such). [avowedly. I
Pro-fOMrod-ly (or*-f«s'8d-iy), adv. By profession ; i
Pro-foS'slOII (prVfSsh'On), ». [F., fr. L. pro/essio. J
1. A professing or claiming; public acknowleagment.
2. That which one professes ; avowal ; daim. 3. That
I of which one prof es«BS knowledge ; oocupation (not me-
chanical, agricultural, etc.) to which one devotee ODe*s
self. 4. Collective body of persons engaged in a calling.
Pro4os'll0ll-Al, a. 1. Pert to a profession or calling.
2. Engaged in by professionals ; — opp. to amateur. -» it.
One w^io prosecutes anything profeaaionally, or for a live-
lihood. — Pn>-fi8'sloii-Al4y, adv.
'ttt (-fSs'Sr), n. [L., teacher.] I. One who
I of religion. 2. One who publicly teaches any science or
branch of learning. — Pro'fos-M'kl-Al (prO'fSs-sS'rT-al),
a. — Pro-feia'fr-Blilp (-f»s^r-«hTp), ».
1 Prol1or(pT5f'rtlr),r./. [L. oro/ifrre to bring forward ;
, pro forward -f ferre to bring.] To offer for acceptance ;
' to propose to give. «-n. Offer made ; tender.
Pro-ft'clent (pr6-fTsh'ent^, n. [L. jproJiHetu, -^ntis,
I p. pr. of pro/icere to go forward ; pro -ffaeere to make.]
I One skilled ui any business, art, science, etc. ; an expert ;
adept. — a. Well versed. -^ Pro-fl'Qieitt-ly, adv. —
I Pro-fi'doiioe, Pro-fl'olOB-OF, *•.
Profile (pryfil or -fil), n. [It. profilo, fr. L. pro -\-
filum thread, outline, shape.] 1. An outline, or contour.
2. A human head represented in a aide view. -» v. /. To
draw or ahape in profile.
PmC^ (prBf It), n. [F. , f r. L. pro/eetiu ; f r. pro/ee»r,
-feetum.'} 1. Acquisition beyond expenditure; exoean
of value received for prodncing or aellmg, over coat ; pe>
cuniiiry gain. 2. Accession of good ; valuable raaulta.
8yn. — Benefit; service; gain; emolument.
— r. /. To help on: to aid.^r. i. X. To gain advan-
tage : to improve. 2. To be of use or bring good.
Prof It-a-Ue, a. [F. ] Yielding profit orgain ; useful ;
beneficial. — Proflt-a-lde-IIMM, n, — PfOflt-a-lllT, adr.
Proflt-liBS, a. Without profit ; unprofitable.
ProfOl-gatO (-IT-gtt), a. [L. profligare, -gatuw^ to
daali to the ground ; pro -j- root of fiiaere to strike.]
Broken down in respect of rectitude or decency ; *^
lessly vicious; dissolute. »n. A dissolute pe
Proril-cate4y, odr. — PrarU-ca-cy (-gM^), n.
Syn. — Corrupt ; dissolute ; vicious. Bee AaAimonD.
I' (pr^-foundO, a- [F.pro/ond^ L. pro/vu'
dug; pro -\- fundus bottom.] 1. Descending far below
the surface ; deep. 2. Reachhag to the bottom of a mat-
ter ; thorough. 3. Deeply felt ; pervading. 4. Bending
low; expressing deep humility; subraieeive. — 1». The
deep ; the ocean. — Pro-fOUliAly, adr. — PrO-fOOtf'-
Pro-tan'di-ty (-fiin'dT-ty), n.
[I,, pro/trndere, '/untiHj to ponr
Pro-fuse' (-fusO, a.
it ; pro 4- fundere
tifully ; exceedingly liberal.
out ; pro 4- fundere to potur.J
2. Superab
ive; lavish.— Fn>fliseay,a<fr.—Pr0-J
1. Pouring forth bbiui-
i. Superabundant ; excesa-
Syn. — Proittsb : Lavish ; Pbodioal ; exuberant :
bountiful ; extravagant. — Profuse denotes pourioK out
(money, etc.), with great freeness. Lavish Is stnm^r.
I implying wasteful excess. Prodiqtd is stronger still, de-
' noting unmeasured or reckless profusion.
Pro-fll'slOII (-fu'zhfin), n. 1. A lavishing or potnrlng
out without stint. 2. Abundance ; exuberant plenty.
Prog (pr6g), V. i, [Gf. D. nracAew, L. procore to ask,
E. proicl.'\ 1. To wander and beg. 2. To steal : to filch.
[Loiv] — n. Victnals ^t by begging; food ; suppUea.
Pro-vent-tor (pr«-j«na-t8r).
flpionere to beget. 1 Ancestor; forefather.
Prog'e-ny (prbjf-ny),
f r. pro forth -^
Deaoend-
_ _ ^ IL. progenies.^
ants of offspring; children; race; lineage.
PrOf^na-tbOOS (prBg'ni-thfis), a. [Or. «p4 before -f-
1, 8, 1, 5, 0, loQff ; ft, «, 1, 5, «, t> abort ; aenite, dvmt, tdea, 6b«y, llslte, oAn, l&nn, Aik, ftU, flaoL
PROGNOSIS
447
PROMPT
yvoAK jaw.] HaTing the jawi protecting beyond the pro/ei offspring.] On«of the common people; the oommon
^ * ^' ' people M a cUwu — Pnfl'e-tatl-All (pr51'«-ti'rl-an), a.
• t ProH-Olfle (prtHI-rfd or prVlT-), »• [L. prole* -f
' I eaedere to kill. T Crime of destroying one's offq>ring.
a|»er part of the face ; — opp. to ortkognathout.
P/Of-BO'Sls (prtig-nysts), n. [Or. wp&fmwsy U. vpo- i
ytyMMncttv ; v/M + YcyvMaK'ty to know.] A foretelling
the course and termluftticm of a disease.
PfOC-BMtlO (•nfit'tlkX o. [Or. »poYMMm«6f.] In-
dicatiuff someihing future by ngns or symptouis. — n.
1. ladfo^tloo ; sign or omen ; prediction. %, Symptom
indicating the coarse of a disease.
Sjn.— ffign ; omen; presage ; token ; indication.
P/Of-DO#ttHMtt« (-tT-kSt), V. t. To indicate as future ;
to predict. —PrOX-IIOSll-CA'tor (-ki'tSr), n.
Hjn* — To foreshow ; betoken ; predict ; prophesy.
PfOC-aoa'tt-OA'tlQn, n. I. a foreshowiug or foretell-
ing ; prediction. 2. Tliat which foreshows ; a foretoken.
Pro'gnunnM, Pn/gram (prS'grSm), n. [L. pro-
gramma a public proclamation. Or. vpdypaMM«t fr. wp6
-f- W^cv to write.] That which is written as a public
nonce ; scheme ; proopectus ; outline of the order of any
performance or entertainment.
* I (prSg'rSs), n. [I* progresttu^ U.progrtdi
to go forward ; pro -f gradi to step, go.] 1. A rooring
fonrsrd ; an adrance ; increase. 2. A journey of state ;
drcuit. [proceed. 2. To improve ; to advance. I
Pro-grMW (prft-grSaO* ^'^ 1* To make progress ; to |
Pro-grMtlOII (-grS4h'ttiOt n. 1. A moving forward ;
a proceeding in a coarse. 2. Course ; passage ; lapse of
time. 3. Kegolar or proportional advance in increase or
decrease of numbers or quantities. 4. A regular suoces*
sion of musical tones or chords. — Prt-grMl'Slon-al, a.
PlO-gXMllTe (-griJsTv), a. 1. Moving forward ; ad-
increasing; — o^p, to rftrograde. 2. Improv-
ing. — FraHKXMilTe-ly, adv. — Fn-ntrntve-i
PlO-kib'n (-hTVTt), r. /. [L. prohiSere^ -hibUum ; pro
4- Kabert to have, hold.] 1. To forbid by authority ; to
hiterdict. 2. To hinder ; to preclude. — Pro-lltblt-«r, n.
Stii.— To Pboribit; Fosbio: interdict; debar; pre-
vent ; hinder. — To forbid is Anslo-Saxon, and is more
familiar : to wohibit is Latin, andmore formal or official.
Pro^l-krttOII (prS'hI-bTsbmn), n. 1. Interdict. 2.
A legal forbidding of the sale of akobi^o liquors.
Pr»-hl-limon-lgt, n. 1. One who favors prohibitory
duties on foreign goods in commerce ; a protectionist.
2. OhM who favors prohibition of the sale or manufac-
ture of alcoholic liquors as beverages.
Pio-blblt-tT« (^Tbat-Tv), Pro-litblt-o-ry (-«-rj^), <x.
Tending to prohibit or exclude ; forbidding.
Pnl^Ot (priySkt), «. [OP. ; L. projieere^ -jeetum,
to project ; pro •{- Jaeere to throw.] 1. Anything pro-
Jeotod or devised ; plan. 2. Impracticable design.
Sjn, — PBoncT ; Dvaav ; scheme ; plan : purpose. —
A projeei is something practical thrown out for consider-
anon as to its being done. A desion is a project when
outured, as a thing to be accomplished. See Schsmb.
Pro-lMt' (pr«-j«k^, V, /. [OF. projecter.] 1. To
throw forward. 2. To revolve ih the mind ; to scheme.
9. To draw or exhibit, as the form of anything ; to de-
ttnaate. — r. <. To shoot forward ; to jut.
PrO-ljMtlto (-Tl), a. [F.] 1. Projecting or impelling
forward. 2. Impelled forward. » n. 1. A body im-
nOed forward by force ; missile shot from a flrearm.
S. pi. Science of the motion, range, flight, etc., of bodies
thrown tbroagh the air by an impelling force.
PlO^M/doa (-jSk'shiln), n. 1. A throwing or shooting
forward. 2. A jutting out ; part jutting out ; an exten-
sion beyond something else. 3. A scheming or planning ;
contrivance ; design ; plan. 4. Representation of some-
thinff ; delineation of any object on a perspective plane.
Pro-jMt'or (-j«kt/8r), n. One who projects a design ;
one who forms chimerical schemes.
ProfMKtm (-j«k'tttr ; 40), n. A jutting out.
Plolato (prSnit), a, [L. prolatuMy used as p. p. of
pro/errt to extend.] Stretched out; elongated in the
olTMtion of a line joininflr the poles : — opp. to ohtnte.
I TK&WtMSnf (pri'lt'ttr'), ». [F. ; L. proletarivs, f r.
Pro-lirto (pfft-lTfak). a. [F. protiftque, f r. L. prole*.]
Producing young or fruit ; fruitful ; productive.
Pr#-lir(pr^lIks'orprWIks),«. [h. prolixu*.} 1.
Extending to a great length ; minute in narration or argu-
ment. 2. Indulging in protracted discourse ; tedious. —
Pxo41zly, a<fr. — pro-Uz'iiMs, Pro-llzl-ty, n.
Syn. — Pboliz ; Dirrusx ; long ; prolonged ; pro-
tracted ; tedious ; tiresome ; wearisome.— k prolix writer
delights in circumlocution, extended detail, and trifling
parUculars. A dUf'ute writer is fond of amplifying, and
abounds in epithets, llgurea, and illustrations.
ProI'O^lltor (prdl'^kS^r or orft.l5k'tt-t2r), n, [L.,
fr. pro -f loqvi to speak.] 1. One who speaks for an-
other. 2. Presiding officer of a convocation.
ProOoffne (prSnSg), n. [Or. irp<SAoyov, fr. vptf before
-f K4y9i¥ to say.] Preface ; introdnotion.
Pro-laaf (pi«48DgO, v. t [L. proh$tgare; pro +
longu* teg.] 1. To axtend in space or length. 2. To
draw out; toeootlnoe. 3. To postpone. ^nolOB-tt'-
tlflll (prQ'lSs-^ahfttt)^ n.
Pn-lflBga'Tpre-ldnj'; J'.prtldirihOtK. [F.] A rope,
with hook and toggle, belongiiig to • gun carriage.
■ y (nrtm't^Sd^ -nid'), n. [R, fr.
. tale for a walk, I
forward ; pro 4- minare to drive i
mener to lead, tase for a walk, L. promihare to drive
forward ; pro 4- minare to drive animals.] 1. A walk.
2. Place for walking; public walk. — v. t To walk.
PlO-IIMl]M-ail(pr«-m8aht-an),a. VL. Promethhu.]
1. Pert, to PiQinethena, who was fablea to have formed
men from day, and given them life from fire stolen from
heaven. 2. Having a life-giving qoality ; inipiring.
PfOml-nMlt (promT-nsnt), a. [I^ promiuen*^ •nenii*,
p.pr. ofpromtfi«reto jutoat.] 1. Standing oat beyond
the line or surface of somethi^ ; jutting ; protuberant ;
in high relief. 2. Distinctly manifest ; conspicuous. 3.
Eminent; distinguished above others. — nroml-IMIIt-
ly, adv. — Pniml-IMBO*, PfOml-IIMMy, n.
Pro-mte'0«4NIS(pr6-mT8nctt.iis),a. Qj. promUeuu* ;
pro hi place of, for -[- muctre to mix.] jL. Consisting of
individuals confusedly united in a body or mass ; UMis-
tinguisbed. 2. Distributed or applied without discrimi-
nation ; ocnnmon. — Pro-IIKhi'<nM1W-ly , adv.
PromlM (pr9mTs), n. [L. promiUere^ •m4**wn, to
put forth, foretell, promise ; pro forward, for -f mittere
to send.] 1. A deolarati(m, written or verbal, binding
the person making it to do, or to forbear to do, a speci-
fied act. 2. niatwhichoauseshopeor assurance. »r. I.
1. To engage to do or refrain from doing. 2. To cause
hope oL 3. To pledge or engage to bestow. — p< i. 1.
To give assurance by a promise. 2. To afford Ikmws or
expectations. — Pram'to-ar (-Sr), Piom'te-or (-^r), n.
Praaiia-M', n. One to whom a promise is made.
Promlg-go-ry (prSmTs-sA-rj^), a. Containing a prom-
ise of something to be done or forborne.
FnaUssocy note, a written promise to pay, at a time
specified, a certain sum of money ; a note of hand.
Pro»'OII-tO-iy (-fin-t^-rj^), n. [L. promonturinn;
pro before -f- mofu, monti*^ mountain.] High point of
land projecting into the sea : headland.
Pro-motO' (pr^-m5t'), V. t. [L. promorer^^ -motufn ;
pro forward 4- motere to move.] To contribute to the
growth or prosperity of ; to advance ; to exalt ; to raise.
— Pro-mot'tr. n. —Pro-moHan, n. — Pro-mollv«, a.
PfOmpt (prSmt), a. [F. ; L. promptu*^ prop>T brought
forth (to light or view), hence, visible, ready.] 1.
Ready and ouick to act ; immediate. 2. Done or r«i-
dered immediately ; Riven without delay or hesitation.
Syn. - Prompt ; Rbadt ; Exnomous ; quick ; agile ;
alert ; brisk ; nimble. — One who is ready is prepared to
act at the moment. One who it prompt acts at the
moment. Oim who is expeilitinw carries through an
undertaking witti constant promptness.
fim, raorat, 6rb, r^da, fyll, Am, food, fo'ot, oat, oil, chair, so, sins* tok, then, tbia.
PEOMPT
448 PROPORTIONATENESS
_|(pr9int),v.l. 1. ToMsiitoriiidnoethAMtioo
of; toiucike. 2. ToMiggett; to dictate. 3. To remind
(an actor or orator) of words or topioa forgotten.
Prb-nraTnite (pr^-mU'irit), v. t. [L. promvlgare^
■ifatum.^ To inake known (laws, decrees, or tidings) ; to
pubUsh. — Pro^mol-gaHoB, n. — Pro^al-ga'tor, r.
Stu. — To publish : declare ; proclaim. See Ahhouwcb.
iTO-millCO' C-mOlJOf V* t' [F> proMulguer.} To
promalgate. — PlO-llllU'Ctir, n.
ProilO (pr%i)t 0. [L. jmmtM, akin to pro forward, for.]
1. Bending forward. 2. Prostrate ; flat ; lying with tlie
face down; — opp. to tutnne. 3. Running downward.
4. DecliTOua ; not lerel. 6. Inclined ; disposed ; —
usually in an ill sense.— PrnMly, ndv.^ PnMM'llMNi, n.
Proos (prOng), n. [D. prangen to pinch, press.]
1. A sharp-pointed instrument. 2. Tine of a fork, etc.
9.^harpjm>j|ectionj as of an antler ; fang of a tooth.
American antelope of
I. Sharp projection, as of an i
Pnorboni' (prOng^idm'),
lie Bocky Mountain regicm.
Pronghorn {.intdoetqtra
Amencatta).
Pro-]IMIl1-lial(pi^iiom'T-n<il),a. Port
to, or of tlie nature of, a pronoun. — Frt-
BflOil-nal-lyt odv.
yPro'lloa'«^(pr«'ndir'sftOta. \Jf' See
Pbowoumci. ] Strongly marked ; dedded,
as in manners, etc.
PnKllOldl (priKnouo),
n, [Prof • prih -J- noun :
cf . F. proHom^ L. pro-
nofPien. J A word used
instead of a noun or
name, to aroid the repe>
tition of it.
Pn-MOBM' (prft.
nouns^f V. /. [F. prih
fUMwer, L. prvnunciare ;
pro before, forth -j- nun-
eiare, nvn/ione, to an-
nounce.] 1. To utter
artienlately ; to speak
with proper sound and accent. 2. To utter solemnly ;
to deUTer (a decree or sentence) ; to recite (an oration).
3. To declare or afBrm. — Fr»-IIOIllloe'a-ble, a.
Syn. — To delirer ; utter ; speak. See Dbutbk.
Pn-aomioed' (-nounstO* <(• [F. prononr^.] Strongly
marked ; unequirooal : decided. [A OatlMsm]
Fn-nun'fA-U-mmiftQ (-nOn^sT-i-mCn'tft), n. Procla-
mation ; manifesto ; formal declaration.
PrO-nm'Ol-ft'tlOII (-st-i'shlin or -sliT-i'shlln), .n.
1. An uttering with articulation. 2. Mode of uttering
words or sentences. 3. Art of uttering a discourse
graoefnllT ; — now called delivery.
Proof (pr6&f ), H. [OF. prore^ f r. L. proba^ f r. orobare
to prore. J 1. Anv effort or operation to establish a fact
or truth ; test : trUl. 2. Condustre eridence ; demon-
stration. 3. The haring been prored or tried ; impene-
trability. 4. Firmness of mind : stabiUty. 6. A trial
impression, as from type.— a. 1. Used in proving or
testing. 2. Firm in resisting. 3. Being of a certain
standard an to strength ; — said of alcoholic liquors.
Sjm . ~ BTidenoe ; demonstration. See TnriMoirr.
^Op (pr5p), r. /. [Akin to D. proppen to cram, stuff.]
To support, or prevent from falling, by placing some-
thing under or against ; to suitain. — n . A mipport ; stay.
Prop'a-n-ldO (prSp'A-g^b'l), a. Capable of being
propagated, or of being continued, spread, or extended.
FtOlKa-gaiI'da (-gln'dA), n. [Abbr. fr. L. de propa-
gnndajlde. See Pbopaoatb.] College of the Propaganda,
at Rome, which educates priestii for missions.
Prop^A-gail'dlnil, n. A propngating principles ; seal
in propagating one*s opinions. — Prop^a-gan'Ollt, n.
Pr^a-ntO (-git), v.t.&i, [L. propagare, -gatum.'\
1. To multiply by generation. 2. To extend. 3. To spread
from person to person ; tn disseminate. 4. Tn generate.
— Prop'a-catlon, ». — Prop'a-va'tor (-gi'tSr), n.
SProp'or (pr8i.'8r^, a.
t'uii.j 1. Belonging t
»longing to the nMura
PlO-Mlf (pi«-pnO» t-. t. [L. propeitere, -pHUmm ; pro
forward -j-peUere to drive.] To dcive forward ; to move.
Pro-pttOor, n. 1. One that propela. 2. A oootrivance
for propelltug a steam ve«d ; propeller wheel, a acrrw,
usually having two or more bUaes, used in propelling a
vessel. 3. A steamboat thus propelled ; screw steamer.
Pro-pOBM' (-p*«»»')f o* [I* propendert^ -pentum ; pro
+ pendere to hang.j Leaning toward ; inclined ; dis-
posed ; prone. — Pro-MOM'lMM. Pro-pOBldOB, n,
Pro-pui'id*ty (-p4ln>sT.t]^), n. Natural inclination.
Syn. — Bias ; proclivity ; prcmeness ; bent ; tendency.
[OE. & F. proprty it. L. pm-
to one ; one*s own ; individuaL 2.
longing to the nMural or essential constitution ; pecul-
iar ; not common. 3. Befitting one*s nature, quijitie*(,
etc. ; suitable ; right ; fit. 4. Pert, to one of a spades,
but not common to the whole ; — opp. to common. B.
"dered. — fl
adr. — Pi
t which is
;inasub)e
essential to it. 2. An acouired or artificial quality. 9.
Exclusive right of possessing and disposing of a thing ;
ownership ; title. 4. Thing owned ; eet<^te. 6. pi. Ad-
juncts of a theatrical play ; stage requisites.
PrO|^'0-oy (prttfl-sf ), «. [Or. wpoi^nUy fr. »po-
^i^Tiii prophet.] 1. Declaration of something to come ;
prediction. 2. A book of prophecies. 3. Preaching.
Pro^h'O-fly (-si), v. t. l. To f oreteU. 2. To foreshow.
— V. iT 1. To utter predictions. 2. To explain Scrip-
ture ; to preach. — PrOph^O-d'or (-si'Sr), n.
Prd^Ot, n. [Or. vpo^i^nyc ; 9p6 for, before 4 ^arm.
to speak.] 1. One who prophesies. 2. One inspired by
Ood to speak hi his name. — Pr09h'«t-«M, n. /.
Pro-UIOt^ (prft.fStlk), I a. Pert, to prophecy. —
Pro-pbotlo^ii (T-kai), ( Pr5-plMtio-«l-lF, Oifr.
Fnfi^ylU/tlo (prdfT-llktTk or prS'lI-), Prop^y-
lAOtM-Al, a. [Or. irpo^vAsxTut^ ; wp6 before -f- ^«A«0^
veiv to guard.] Def en<ung from disease ; preventive.
Pro-]^q«f-ty (pri-ptBlcwt-ty ), n . [L. profdn^Ua*,
Rightly so called ; strictly considered. — adr. Properly ;
venr. [ Vulgar] — Prop'orlT, adr. — Prop^W-DClB, n.
rropnor-tT (-tj^), n. L That which is proper to suv-
thing ; peculiar ouality ioherent in a subject, or naturallv
2. An acquired or artificial quality. S.
fr. prop* near.] ^
I in plaice, time, or blood.
nro-plll-«tO (-pTsht-lt), r. /. [L. oropitiart, -otmm^
f r. propHitu favorable.] To appease and render favorable;
to conciliate. » r. i. To make propitiation ; to atone. —
Pro-jDl'tUtlon, n.-Pro-plti-a'tor (prft-pisba-i'tJr),
n. [L.] - Pr^B|itl4i-lo^ (.A.t*.ry), ff.
Pro-pHIOVS (-pTah'tts), a. [lu propitHu.'] Conven-
ient ; auspicious ; kind. — PlV-pHlOIIS-ly, adv.
Syn. — Paormous ; Avsnaous ; favorable : kind. —
Auspicious <fr. the andent idea of augpicrs^ or omenatde-
notes ** indicative of aurcess." ProptHons denotes that
which efBcadously protects us in some undertaking.
Pro'po-lto (prlKpt-lTs or prOp^-ITs), n. [L., fr. Or.
vpoiroAtf : wp6 before -f n6Xtt <^*J"1 ^•* l^^****
Pro-po'lMllt (pr6-pJKnent), o. [L. propomens, p. pr.
ofproponere to propose.] Proposing.— n. Onewbomakea
a proposal, or la;'B down a propodtion : a proponnder.
Pro-por^tkm (-pSr'shOn), n. [F. , f r. L. proporiio : pro
before -}- porfto. SeePoano».1 1. Relation of one por^
tion to another, or to the whole ; ratia 2. Symmebr.
3. Portion one receives when a whole is distributed ;
equal share ; lot. 4. (a) Equality or similarity of ratios.
(6) The rule of three, in arithmetic. — r. I. 1. To ad-
just symmetrically. 2. To apportion.
Pro-portlon-a-BlO, a. Capable of being proportioned ;
proportional; proportionate. — Pro-por'nOa-ll-UF, mfr.
RO-por'tllMI-AL o. 1. Having due proportion, or
comparative relation. 2. Constituting a mathematical
Sroportion ; having the same, or a constant, ratio. ->ii.
fumber or quantity in a mathematical proportion.— Pro-
por^HoB-al-ty, adv. — Pro-portkn-aPI-tT (•xi'T-ty). n.
Pro-porlloil-ato, a. Adjusted acconUng to a propor-
tion ; proportional. — r. /. To proportion. — PfO-fOt*-
tlon-ato-lF, adv. - Pro-por'tloiwito-Bew, «.
ft, 1, 1, 5, a, long : ft, «, 1. 5, ft, t« dMTt ; senate, dvant, tdea, 6bey, ttntte. eAra, inn. Ask, nIU flMri.
PROPOSAL
449
PROTECTORSHIP
Pro-pm'al (prt-pSz'al), n. Thing proposed or pro-
poaaded for conaiderafcion ; scheme or deaitrn ; offer.
Syn* —Proffer ; tender ; overture. See PBOPOsmoN.
Pro-POM' (-p5a0, V. t. [F. proposer ; pref . pro- (L.
pro for, forward) -f- powr to place, j 1. To offer for con-
sideration. % To parpoee ; to intend. — r. t. 1. To de-
aim. 2. To offer one^s self iu marriage. — PfO-pOd'erv n.
rrop'^^tlOll (prSi/d-zTah'tln), i». 1. A proposing,
setting before, or offering. 2. Tliat which is proposed ;
proposaL 3. Article of faith ; creed. 4. Sentence con-
sistu:^ of a subject and predicate united by a copula ; a
form of speech in which a predicate is affirmed or denied
of a sobject. 5. Mathematical statement in terms of a
troth to be demonstrated, or operation to be performed.
Stu. — Fftoposmoii ; Pkoposal ; offer ; statement ;
declaratioii. — A propo*iiion is presented for discussion
or ocnudderation. A propoJial is offered by one party to
be accepted or rejected by the other. If the proposiiion
is favorably receired, it is nsaally followed by proposals
which complete the arrangement.
Pro-powiUK (pr<(-pound'), r. /. [L. proponere^ -po*i-
tum : pro for, before -f- ponere to put. ] To offer for cou-
sideratioo; to exhibit; to propose.~Pro-pOlllld'er (-8r), n.
PrO-pffO-tft-ry (-pri's-tt-ry), n, [L. proprUtanu*.}
1. A proprietor or owner. 2. A body of proprietors,
e(^ectivelY. —a. Pert, to a proprietor ; owned.
Prt-pif^^or, n. One having title to anything ; owner.
— Pr»-pffl'0-tzen, n. /. — Pro-prt'e-tornilitp, n.
PrO-prt'0-ty (-ty)» »• [F. propriiiSy L. proprietas^ fr.
proprius ooe*s own, proper.] The beix^ proper ; fitness.
PfO-Vlll'Slon (-pfiKshCin), n. A propelling, or driving
forward or away. — Pr»-pal'st¥0, a.
DPrO' rata (pro* ri'tA). [L.J in proportion; pro-
portionately ; according to the share of each.
Pr»-ntflr (-riitQ, V. /. To divide proportionally.
Pro-IOflM' (-rogO» ^' '• P^ prorognre^ -aatttm ; pro
forward + r09are to ask. See Rooatioh.] 1. To defer;
topostpoiM. 2. To end the session of a parliament by an
of the sovereign — ProTO-n'tlfla (-rft-gS'shfln), n.
Stii«— To pofltoone ; defer. See Adjourn.
IT(HMI1o (-sSak), \a, 1. Pert, to, or like, prose ;
Pro-oalO-fll (-t-kol), f unpoetical. 2. Dull; com-
numplaoe; prosy.— Pro-MllO-al-ly, a<fr.
Pro lOlfnt-inil (•sS'nT-fim), n. [L., f r. Gr. wpwriaivuiv ;
34 before -f vtrprti tent, stage. See Scbnk.] The part
the stage of a theatre in front of the curtain.
PrOHMnbe' (-skrlb'), v. t. [L. proscribere, scriptum,
to write before, to publish, proscribe; pro before 4-
scribere to write.] 1. To doom to destruction ; to out-
law ; to exile. 2. To denounce ; to interdict ; to prohibit.
— Pro-Mltb'er, n. — PnHNllptiOll (-skrlp'shfin), n.
Pro-lOllptlTO (-skrTp'ttv), a. Proscribing.
PrOM (prill), n. [F. prow, L. prow, fr. prornu^ pro-
«iw, straight forward ; pro forward -f- rersus^ p. p. of
veriere to turn.] 1. Oroinary language of men in speak-
ing or writing ; — opp. to verse. 2. Dull and common-
Slaoe discourse. — a. 1. Pert, to, or composed of, prose.
L Dnll ; prosaic. » v. t. &L 1. To write in prose. 2.
To write or repeat tediously.
PnMK*Hnrtt (prSa^kut), V. t. [L. prosequi, -cutiSy
to follow, pursue.] 1. To pursue in order to reach or ac-
complish. 2. To seek to obtain by le^al process. 3. To
aoeose of crime. — Pros'«-011'tor (-ku'tSr), n. — PnWe-
ea'tzlZj n. /. — Prore-cii'tioii, n.
Proa'O-lyt* (prSs'l-lIt), n [On irpotrnKvro^ new
corner.] A new convert to some r^llirion, opinion, or
party. — v. t. To convert. — Prot'e-ly-tlsm, n.
Syn. — See Cotvsst.
^IW'tr (prSz'Sr), n. Tedious talker or writer.
Proal-lT (prSzT-iy), adv. In a prosy manner.
PrOfO'ttral (prft-s0^dT<al), Pro-SOdlo-Ol (-s9(lT-kal),
a. Pttrt. to prosody ; according to the rules of prosody.
Pro«'»-dlst(pr«8^-dTRt), Pro^O'dl-ail (prt-sS^dT-an),
n. One skilled In prosody.
Pra^O^ (prSs'ft-dy), ». [Or. irpwr^ia a song sung
to, or with, an accompanying song, the accent aoeom-
panying the pronuncihUou ; vp6c to -f 4^ "ong, ode.]
Part of grammar treating of the quantity of syllables, of
accent, and of the laws of versification.
I! PnWO-po-ptB^ (pr5s'*-p*-p5'yA}, n, [Or. irpooMvo-
wfnia ; irpAommv iwe, person -f voui¥ to make. J Rhe-
torical figure by which things are represented as persona,
or by wluch an absent person is introduced as speaking.
Prm^^Mt (pr6«'p8kt), n. [L. prospieere, -spectunu
to look forward ; pro before + specere^ svieere, to look.]
1. That which is euibraced by the eye in viaion ; view.
2. Picturesque view ; landscape. 3. A looking forward ;
anticipation. 4. Thing hoped for ; probable result. ^
f. t. & «'. To explore ; to seek. — PrO-spaotllUl, n.
Pro-spoottra (prt-spSk'tlv^, a. 1. Pert, to a pros-
pect. 2. Looking f orwuti ; actmg with foresight ; — opp.
to retrospective. 3. Relating to the future ; expected.
Pros^poot-4ir (prSs'pekt-Sr), n. [L.] One who pros-
pects ; one who explores for minerals, etc.
PrOH^eo'tlUl (prft-spfik'tOs), n. [L., prospect, view.]
A summary or plan of something proposed.
ProOtr (pros'pSr), v. t. [L. prosperare^ it. prosper
orprosperus. See PRosnutous.] To favor; to render
suc(^sfuL —V. i. To succeed ; to thrive.
Pros-per^-ty (-p8ra-ty), «. The being proaperona.
Syn. — Thrift ; welfare ; well being ; happiness.
PlWl^-ons (prSs'pSr-tis), a. [L. prosperus or pro-
sper answering to hope ; pro according to -{- root of
sperare to hope.] 1. Tending to prosperitv ; favoring ;
helpf uL 2. Making gain or increase ; thriving ; succes»>
fui. — Pros'por-ons-ly, adv. — Pnis'per-oiis-iMw, »».
Hyn. — Successful : flourishing ; thriving ; favorable ;
auspicious ; lucky, see Fortusatk.
PnWtl-tllta (-tT-tut), V. t. [L. prostitvere, -tUiaum ;
pro before, forth 4- ^tuere to put, place.] 1. To offer
(a woman) to a lewd use. 2. To devote to base p
— a. Openly given up to lewdness; devoted tol
purposes.— n. 1. A strumpet; harlot. 2. A merce-
nuy. — PitWtl-talloii, n. — Prostl-ta'tor, n.
iTMtrato (-trtt), a. [L. prostemere. -stratum ; pro
-f- stemere to spread out, throw down.] 1. Lying at
length ; stretched out. 2. Lying in a humble or suppli-
ant posture. 3. Trailing on the ground, — v. /. 1. To
lay flat ; to leveL 2. To overtiirow ; to ruin.
PrOB-tra'tiim (prBs-tri'shfin), n. 1. A prostrating or
laying flat. 2. Great depression; dejection. 4. Great
oppr^sion of natural vigor.
Proa^ (pr5s^), a. 1. Pert, to, or like, prose. 2.
Dull and tedious ; prosaic.
llProfa-aia (prSt'A-sTs), n. [Or. s-ponMric, fr. 9ft6
before -|- rtivttv to stretch.] 1. A proposition ; maxim.
2. Introductory member of a conditional sentence ; —
opp. to apodosis.
Prota-an (pryt$-<m), a, 1. Pert, to, or like, Protena.
2. Exceedingly variable ; aasuming different shapes.
Pro-teot' (Pf^-t'ktOi V. t. [L. protegere^ -tectum ; pro
-f- legrre to cover.] To cover from danger or injnry.
Syn. — To guard : shield ; preserve. See Dbtind.
Pro-taoHon (-tSk'sbfin), n. 1. A protecting, or being
protected. 2. That which protects from injury ; a de-
f on<w ; refuge. 3. A writing that securm from molestr<-
tion or arrest ; pass ; safe-conduct ; passport 4. The
protecting producers in a country from foreign competi-
tion by imposing duties on goods of foreign production ;
— opp. iofree trade.
Syn. — Preservation ; defense: refuge; safety.
Pro-teotloil-tat, n. One who favors protection in trade.
Pro-taotlTe (prd-tSktTv), a. Sheltering ; defensive.
Pro-teot'or (-er).n. [L.] Defender; guardinn; pntron.
Pro-taot'or-ate (-tt^, n. 1. Government by a protector.
2. Authority assumed by a superior power over an inferior
onf*, which It protects and controls.
Pro-taofor-aillp, n. Office of a protector or regent ;
protectorate; regency.
fim, recent, 6rb, ryde, f^ Am, fobd, f<^t, oat, oil, chair, bo, sins, ^11^ then, tliln.
PROTECTRESS
450
PROVOCATIVE
Pro-teOtHM (prt-tacVrito), > n. im..proteetrix.'\ A
Pre-tMt'ktE (pr^-tSkf rTks), ) woman who protecU.
ger.j One under
K Pn'Wge (prft'tt'shtO, n. m. \
It Pro'M'Kio' (prt'tf ihtO. n. /. }
the care and protection of another.
Fn^XM-lm (prS't^lSs), n. [NL.] A South African
oamiToroua animal, allied to the hyena.
Pro-tMf (pri-tttetQ, r. i, [L. orotettari ; pro before
-f- fo«/i« a witneaa. See Tistift.J 1. To af&nu or bear
witness ; to avow. 2. To make a solemn declan^on of
opposition ; — with again^.
S711.— To aver; attest; declare; profesa. SeeAFFi&M.
— f. /. 1. To make solemn affirmation of ; to proclaim.
a. To appeal to. — Pr»-tMf tr, n.
To Pfotsst a un or noU, to make written declaration, on
behalf of the h<rider, against all parties liable for any loss
sustained by its nooaoceptance or noni>aymeut.
Pn/tMIt (prS'tSst), n. A solemn declaration of opin-
ion ; objection aoainst some act.
^Ot'es-Unt (prBfSa^ont), n. [F. ; fr. L. protestang,
'UmlUf p. pr. of proUttare. ] One who protests ; a Chris-
tian who rejects the opinions of the Roman Catholic or
OreekChnrch.— a. 1. Making protest ; protesting. 2.
Pert, to the faith and practice of Protestant Christ^yns.
ProfM-taHon, n. A protesting; public avowal.
PlOl*-1M (pri/t*-tts or prCtus), ». [Gr. nfrnnvt.]
A sea god who assumed diirerent shapes at will; one
who easily changes his i^pearanoe or principles.
Pro-thon'o-ta-ry (pr^-th5n'«-tt-ry), or Fro-ton'o-ta-
ry (pr*-t5n'->, n. TLti. protrmotarius^ f r. Or. irpwrot first
■j- L. tuUartus scribe.] A chief notary or clerk.
Ft%-tho^XMM (-thyriOts), n. [Pref. pro- -\- thorax.}
Anterior argment of thr tliorax in insects.
Pn/UHm. (prG't^-kSl), N. [LL. protocollnmy fr. Or.
wpMT<{iroAAoy the first leaf glued to notirial documents,
on which the date was written ; npinot first -\- cdAAa
Slue.] 1. Original copy of a deed, treaty, dispatch, etc.
. Minutes, or rough draught, of a transaction.
PrOlO-martyr (-mttr'ter), n. [Or. wpmT6tiafirvp.'\
Flrbt martyr ; e^p., Stephen, the first ChriUiau martyr.
PxO'tO-plluim (-pliz'm), n. [Proto- -f Or. w/Mafia
form, fr. nXdvtrtiv to mold.] Viscid material of vege-
table and animal cells, having vital properties by which
nutrition, secretion, and growth go forward.
^Ot*-plast, n. 1. The thing flnit formed ; original.
t individual, or pair of individiialf, of a speci<^
2. First i
t species.
PrOtO-type (-tip), n. [F. ; Gr. vpwrirvms ; irpurof
first -f Tvwo« type, model.] An original or model after
which anything is copied ; pattern ; exemplar ; archetype.
II Pro'tO-IO'a (-z9'4), n. pi. [Or. wpitnt first 4- iwo^
animal.] The lowest of the grand divisions of the ani-
mal kingdom. The entire animal consists of a single cell
which reproduces by fission, or by the breaking up of the
contents of the body after encystment, each portion be-
coming a distinct animal, or in other ways, but never by
true eggs. Among the Protosoa are the Rhizopoda,
Infusoria, etc.
Pr»-tnot' (prft-triOrtO, V. t. [L. protrahere.^ -Iraetum ;
pro forward -^ trahere to draw.] 1. To draw out or
lengthen. 2. To delay; to defer. 3. To draw to a
scale ; to plot. 4. To extend ; to protrude ; — opp. to re-
(mrt. — Pro-trao'tloii, n. — Pro-timcMT« (-trikt^v), a,
Pro-tnU}f or (-ir), n. 1. One that protracts, or causes
protraction. 2. A mathematical instrument for laying
down and measuring angles on paper.
3. A muscle which extends an organ
or part ; — opp. to retractor.
Pro-trndo' (-trnd*), v. /. & i. [L.
protrwiere, -trusum ; pro -f- trudere to
thniBt.] To proj«H»t. — Pro-tni'slon
(.trn'zhan), n. — Pro-tm'llTe (-bTv), a.
Pro-tnlitr-Alloe (-tu'b?r-anFt). ft. Something protu-
berant, or pushed hpyond th«» Riirrnimding surface.
Syn. — pROJwmoN ; Protubbrauck. — Protubrrance is
Protractor (2).
Syn. —To try ; test ; verify ; ji
Pror'on (prtfev'^n), ©. p. or o.
PrOT'en-dfT (priWSn^Sr), n.
applied to parts rising from the surface with a gradual
ascent or small angle ; whereas a projection may be at a
riglit angle with tlie surface.
Pro-tll'b«r-«llt(pr6-tu'bSr-4rat),o. Prominent ;bo]giDg.
Pro-tnlitr-ato (-it), v. L [L. orotubemre ; m -\-
tuber htmip. See Tuna.] To swell, or be pronuneot ;
to bulge out. — Pr»-talMr-«nioii, n.
Proud (proud), o. [AS. prut.} 1. Feeling or mani-
festing pride, or self-«ateem ; arrogant. 2. Oivii^ rcaroc
for self-gratulation ; worthy of admiration ; gracd ;
splendid ; ostentations. — Proudly, adr.
Frond flash, a fungous growth of granulations resem-
bling flesh, in a wound or ulcer.
PrOTO (pr66v), r. t. & i, [OF. prorer, fr. L. probare
to try, approve, prove, fr. probms good.1 To try or to
ascertain by experiment, test, or standard ; to establish ;
to verify ; to experience ; to suffer. — PrOT'a-bIC, a.
Syn. — To^ 'i«?* J verify ; Justify ; confirm ; show.
[OE. & F. prtwmrfe /
LL. vraebenda daily allowance of provisions.] Dry food
for domestic animals, as bay, straw, com, osta, etc.
Ploy^Oll) (prSv^rb), n. [OE. & T.prorerbe ; L. pny.
vei-bium ; pro for -f verlmm word. S«e Vbbb.] 1. An
old and common say bag ; maxim ; adage. 2. Paradoxical
assertion; enigma. 3. Subject of contemptuous reference.
8yn. — Maidm ; aphorism ; apothegm ; adage : aaw.
Pro-Ttrld-Al (pr>-v?rn)T-fln, o. Comprited in a
proverb ; common^ known. — Pro-ytr^bi-at-lF, oifr.
Pro-TldO' (-vid'), r. t. A i, [L. proxHdere^ -ruum ;
pro before -f videre to see.] 1. To look out for in ad-
vance ; to prepare. 2. To supply ; to contribute. 3.
To establish as a condition ; to sttpulate.^Pro-Tld'cr, n.
Pro-Tld'Od (-vid^), eonj. On condition ; if.
PrOTl-dOIIOO(prOva-d^ns),n. [L. />rortVfen/ia.] 1. A
providing or preparing for fntore use ; preparation. %.
Foresight ; care which Ood manlf^its for his creatares ;
Ood himself, as exercising constautprescience. 3. Event
ordained by divine direction. 4. Frugality.
PrOTl-dent, a. [L. providens, -dentU. p. pr. of ;»rori-
dere.} Foreseeing wants and providing to supply them.
Syn. — Cautious ; prudent ; fnigal ; economical.
I^OT'i-dontlal (-dSii'shol), a. Effected by, or refer-
able to, divine direction. — FtOTl-dentlal-ly, adr.
PrOTinoe (prOvlns), a. [F., fr. L. prorincia.} 1. A
country brought under Roman government. 2. Regi<m
dependent on a distant authority. 3. A tract ; dbtrict.
4. Region over which one has jurisdiction. 6. Duty of
a person or body ; office ; charge ; sphere.
Pro-yln'0l«l (prt-vTn'sbol), a. 1. Pertaining to, or
constituting, a province. 2. Exhibiting the ways of a
province ; not cosmopolitan ; rude ; illiberal.— a. 1. One
belonging to a province, or who ia provincial. 2. Reman
Catholic monastic superior in duuge of religious bousea
in a given district.
Pro-Tln'olAl-lmi (-Tx*m), n. Word, or a manner of
speaking, peculiar to a province ; iUiberality.
Pro-yl'SlOII (-vTxh'Bn), n. 1. A providhig. 2. Meas-
ures taken beforehand. 3. Stock of food. 4. That which
is stipulated in advance ; condition ; proviso. -»r. /. Tb
sapply with food ; to rictual.
rtO-Vl'slOII-al (-al)» o. Of the nature of a proviaion
or temporary arrangement. — Pro-Tl'slOII-Al-ly, adv.
Pro-vl'sloii-a-ry (-t-rj^), a. Proviaional.
Pro-Tl'M (-vi'xS), n. [L., (it) being provided, abl. of
provUiu^ p. p. of prmHdere.} An article in any ttatnte,
agreement, contract, etc., by which a condition is intro-
duced ; conditional stipulation.
Pro-Vl'SO-rT (-st-rj^), a. 1. Containing a proviso : con-
ditional. 2. Making temporary provision ; provisJonaL
IPnrtKtitkBia (prSv'^ki'shOn), n. [F] 1. A pro-
yoking, or causing anger. 2. That which excites anger ;
canne of resentment. 3. Incitement ; ntimulns.
Pro-TO'ca-tlye (prft-vSnsA-tTv), a. Tending to provoke
or stimulate ; exciting. — n. A stimulant.
I, «, 1, 9, 0, loag i ft, «, I, A, A, t« abort ; aanMe, dvent, tdaa, 6bey, finite, cAre, iirm. Ask, nn, flnoL
PROVOKE
451
PUBLICAN
Fro-TOlra' (prft-vSk'), v. /. [F. provoquerf L. provoeare
to call forth ; pro + vocare to call.] To call forth ; to
axaaperate ; to irritate ; to cause to retaliate.
Sjn, — To stir up ; awake ; excite ; incite. See iRmrr atb.
iTOT^Ort (prSv'Qst), n. [OF. ; L. praeposUus placed
before, a chief, fr. praejaonere to place before.] One
appointed to superintena ; chief ma||;istrate ; head of a
college, coUegiate churchea, etc. — PrOT'MtHlllip, n.
Preroft marahal (often pron. prd-v6'), a military or naral
officer for matters of police and discipline.
■OW (prou), n. [F. proite^ L. prora^ Gr. wp^a^
•kin to rpo before.] Fore part of a vesdel ; bow ; stem.
Prow^ess (prou'Ss), n. [OF. oroece^ F. prouesse.]
Distinguished braTery ; valor ; gallantry.
Prowl (proul), V. t. & {. [OE. proUen to search about. ]
To rove about stealthily, esp. for prey ; to plunder. — n.
A prowling. — Prowl'ar, n.
Frozl-matO (prSks^-mit), a. [L. proziinare^ -tnatum^
to come near, f r. proximut next.1 Nearest ; immediately
preceding or following. — PrOZl-IDAtd-ly, fidv.
8yn. — Nearest : next ; closest: immediate ; direct.
Pm-tml-ty (-Tmt-ty), n. The being proximate, or
next in time, place, influence, etc.
Prazl-mo (prSkanr-m^). [L., abl. of prozimtu.} In
the next month after the present ; — coutr. prox.
Pnay (-J), n. [Contr. fr. proenracy.'^ 1. Agency
for another who acts through the agent ; authority to act
for another. 2. One deputed to act for another. 3. A
writing authorising one person to vote for the signer.
PniM (pni<))( ^ [P*] -A- woman of affected modesty
or cojmess ; one overscrupulous or sensitive.
Pni'dmiOO (prn'd«ns), n. [F.] The being prudent ;
discretion; economy; frugality.
8yn. — Providence ; judiciousness; caution; circum-
spection ; judgment. Bee Wisdom.
Pni'dOIlt, a. \Ij. pntftens^ -dentia^ contr. f r. provident.
Bee Pbotioesit.j 1. Sagacious in adapting means to
ends ; practically wise ; sensible ; — opp. to rash. 8.
Economical ; not extravagant. — Pm'dent-ly, adv.
Sjn. — Cautious ; discreet ; economical ; frugal.
Fta-den'tUd (pru-dSn'sh/il), a. 1. Proceeding from,
or dictated by, prudence. 2. Exercisinff prudence ; ad-
▼isory : superintending. — Pni-4Mltlal4y, adv.
PnUftr-y (prn<^'3r-^), n. A being prudish ; coyness.
Prndftoll, a. Like a prude ; very formal or precise.
Pmiie (pnin), r. /. [OE. oroine.'\ 1. To cut off su-
perfluous parts, branches, or shoots of ; to clear of usefbss
material ; to trim. 2. To preen ; to prepare ; to dress.
— r. i. To dress ; to prink. — Pnui'tr, n.
PrUM, n. [F. ; fr. L. prunum plum.] A dried plum.
Praallll^ (pninTng), n. A trimming, or removing
what is superfluous.
Pnnlac hook, PnmlBK knlfb, Praainc shears, instruments
for pruning trees, vines, etc.
Pta'rl-ailt (pnj'rT-<rnt), a. [L. prurieru, -entin, p. pr.
otprurirf to Itch j Uneasy witli desire ; itching ; lustful.
— Prn'rl-oiiM, Pnilrl-en-Gy, n.
nPra-lfCO (-ri'g«), n. [L., fr. ppirire to Itch.] A
disease of the skin, with intense itching.
Pnu'SUn (prflsh'an or pru'shan), a. Pert to Prussia.
-»n. An inhabitant of Prussia.
Pissslsn tdns, blue substance obtained by adding yellow
pnissiate of potash to a ferric salt, and used in dyeing, in
PniS'slO (prfis'sTk or prnysTk), o. Designating a very
poisonous acid composed of hydrogen and cyanogen.
Pry (pri), «. [Cormp. fr. prite a lever.] A lever ;
leverage. —9. /. To raise with a pry or lever ; to prize.
Pry, V. i. [O E. nrien.'] To peep narrowly ; to attempt
to discover something by scrutinizing curiosity. — n.
Curious Inspection ; impertinent peeping.
Prytnx, a. inspecting closely or hn pertinently.
Syn. — Inquisitive ; curious. See iNQCismvB.
Plftlm (sKm), n. [AS. sealm, L. p»alma^ f r. Or. ^oAmo,
fr. ^ittAAeiv to pull, twitch, play upon a stringed instru-
Hesd and Foot of the Macaw, one of
the Puttuci.
ment, sing to the liarp.] 1. A sacred song. 2. One of
the liyuais by David and others, collected in the Old Testa-
ment ; metrical version of such a hymn for public worship.
Pulmist (sKmTst), A. A writer of sacred songs.
Pial'mo-dlst (sil'mft-dTst or skm^-), n. Psalmist.
Piallno^y (-dj^), n. [Or. ^roAWut ; ^roAfUK psalm
-f- fM song, ode.] Act or art of singing sacred songs ;
psslms collectively ; a collection of psalms. [Psalms. I
Psaltfr (sAl'tSr), n. [L. psaiterium. ] The Book ol |
Pult«r-y (8al't«r-j^), n. [Or. i^aAnipuM^, fr. 4raAA<iy.
See Psalm. J Hebrew stringed mus'cal instrument.
PMB'dO-nym (su'dft-nTm). n. [See Psbudoktmoto.1
A flctitiousname ; pen name. [Written also iMeti(/onvmf.j
PMB-dOn^-IIMNHI (stt-dSuT-maft), a. [Or. jhtvitiyv
liot ; ^tvinifi false -f* oyviiOt ovofia^ a name.] Bearing a
false or fictitious name.
PlllAW (sbft), irUerj. [Imitative.] Pish I pooh I —
exclamation of contempt, dislike, etc.
II PsIfU-d (sTt't4-si), n. pi. [L. pHttaeu* parrot, Or.
^irraxtfc.] The
order of birds com-
prising the parrots.
— Put - ta' CMOS
(sTt-ta'slifis), Piir-
tariM (sTf tA^sId),
a. &n.
Piyohe (sinct),
n. [Or. ♦uy^, fr.
^X^ the soul.1 1.
A mythological
maiden, daughter of a king, and mistress of Eros or Cu-
pid. 2. The soul; vital principle ; mind.
Piy'olllO (M'kTk), la. [Or. ifrvxue<k, fr. ^Innci]
Psy^dllO-Al (-kT-kal), I 1. Pert, to the human soul.
2. Pert, to the mind ; mental ; — opp. to phytical.
VWf-tbtAffhgJ {-^Wti-if)t n. Science of the powers
and functions of the human soul. — Piy-Chol'O-glBt, n.
— Piy'oho-loclo (si'kMSjak), Piyoho-loglo-al, a.
Pt^Vmi-gan (tiir/mT-gan). n. [Oael. tamuicAan.] A
grouse of numerous species, haring its feet com-
pletely feathered. Most of the Kpocxtt ar^ brai^-ti
m summer, but turn white In
winter.
Pt<fl'0-Ilia^ (tOl^t-miTk),
a. Pert, to Ptolemy^ the geogra-
pher and astronomer.
PtolsiBaio system, the astro-
nomical theory that the earth
is fixed in the center of the uni-
verse, with the sun and stars
revolving around it.
Pty'a-Umi (ti'A-iTz'm),
[Or. STVoAuTM^, fr. imJtiv to
spit.] SaUvation,
or excessive flow *
of saliva.
Pulitr-ty (pu'-
b2r-ty), n. [L.
pubertate It. puber^
oubf «, adult.j Ear-
liest age at which
persons can beget
or bear children. 1
Pv-bes^oent
(-bSs'sent), a. [L. pubescent^ -eentU^ p. pr. of pubetcere
to reach puberty, to grow hairy.] 1. Arrived at puberty.
2. Covered with pubescence or fine short hairs. — Pa-
bea'oenoe (-bSs^sens), n.
Plliyilo(pQb'lTk),a. [L. pt/Mtct/«, fr. popu/iM people.]
1. Pert, to the people ; affecting a nation, state, or com-
munity ; — opp. to private. 2. Common ; notorious. —
n. The treneral body of mankind ; the people.
In pnblie, openly ; not In private or secrecy.
PaMi-can (-ll-kon), n. [L. publieamte.'} A fanner
jan (Lagofttu njhtu). A Winter
plumage. £ Summer plumsxe.
f«m, rwient, 6rb, r\|de, fyll, am, f«rod, fo^t^ «ut, oil, chair, so, sizis, i^k, then, this*
PUBLICATION
462
PUNCH
of teitt amoof the uioient Bonumi ; ooUeotor of toU or
tribute. 2. &Mper of mi inn or publio hooM.
Pnbli-WtlOB (piib'lT-kl'Bhfin), n. [L. publieatio
conflnrationj 1. A jmUiahing or making known ; proc-
Immation. flf. Theofrefring«book, engra^ng,etc.,tothe
public. 9. Tbftt wliich is published or made known.
PnVU-OISt (-etst), n. A writer on the laws of nature
and nations ; one vened in the science of public right.
Pnb-Uol-ty MTsa-tj^), n. a being public ; notoriety.
PalKUo-ly (-If k-l|), adv. Without concealment.
Pni'llgl^ V. t. (h. publicare^ -€aium.\ 1. To
public ; to proclaim. 2. To send forth (a book, news-
paper, etc J for general distribution. — Pnb'lilll-er, n.
87n. — To proclaim; advertise irereal. See Amh ouhcb.
Pnok'tr (pfik'Sr), V. t. & i. [Fr. poke pocket, small
bag.] To gather into small folds or wrinkles ; to corru-
gate ; ~ often with up, — n. 1. A wrinkle ; a collection
of folds. 2. A state of perplexity ; bother ; agitation.
Pad'dlnC (pvd'dTng}, n. [Cf. F. boudin, L. botulu*
Misage.l X Soft food, of
J often a compound of flour or
meal,"wiih milk, eggs, etc. 2. An intestine stuffed with
meat, etc. ; a sausage.
Pad'dl0(pad'dU),n. ICLJjQ.pudel.lr.&QMlplod
pouLI 1. Dirty standing water ; small pooL 2. Clay
kneaded or worked, when wet, to render it impervious
to water. «■ v. I. 1. To make foul or muddy ; to mix
dirt with (water). 2. To make (clay or loam) dense
or close, by worldng when wet. so as to render impervi-
ous to water. 8. To suMeot (cast iron) to the process
of puddling, to convert it into wrrought iron.
VnAgy (pttj'T^t ^ Short and fat or sturdy ; dumpy.
Pn'tr-Ue (pu'5r-Tl), a. [L. puerUu^ ft. puer child,
boy.] Boyish ; cUldish : trifling ; silly.
Syn. — Juvenile ; childish ; weak. See Toi
Pa'er-Ill-tT i-nn-tf), n. 1. The being puerile.
2. Anything childish ; a flat, insipid, or silly expression.
Pn^I'^tr-al (ptt-Kr'pSr-al), a. [L. puerpera a lying-hi
woman ; puer -f- parere to bear.] Pert, to childbirth.
Puff (pBf), n. [Akin to G. pufftk blow.] 1. A sud-
f^en and single emiiuion of breath ; blast ; gust ; wliiff.
2. Anything light and filled with air ; light pastry ; uten-
sil for dusting the skin or hair with powder. 3. Ex-
aggerated praise. — r. i, & t. 1. To blow with puffs or
iraiffs. 2. To breathe quick and hard. 3. To dilate ;
to flatter. — Pnlftr (-«r), n. — PnfTer-y, n.
PnfflMll' (-bftlO* n. A ball-shaped fungus full of
dustlike spores when ripe.
Pnf'llll (pUf'fln), n. 1. Arctic sea bird allied to the
auks, having a short, swollen beak. 2. Pnflfball.
Pllffy (-f )> ^ 1- SweUed with air, or any soft mat-
ter,: bloat^. 2. Inflated ; bombastic. — Pnfll-
»Dff), V. t. [Gf. O. pucten to thump.] 1. To
mix and*st& (clay for briclcs, pottery, etc.) while wet.
2. To stop wiUi clay by tamping ; to fill in (a floor, etc.)
with mortar, to deaden sound. — n. Tempered cUv.
Pag, n. 1. A name for a monkey. 2. One of a breed
of small pet dogs having a short nose and head.
Pngll ivSb), interi. Pshaw I — word of contempt.
Pa'gll-lnil (pu'jTl-Tz*m), i». [L. pngU pugilist, boxer,
akin to pugnu* fist.'j Boxing, or fighting with the fist.
-Pn'gfl-lst, n. -Pa'gll-latio, a.
Png-IIA'GtOIUi (pfig-na'shiis), a. [L. pugnax^ -gnneU^
tr.pugnare to fight.] Disposed to fight ; quarrelsome.
— FOff-IIA'dOIUi-IIMS, PnS-IUICl-ty (-nSs^-tj^), n.
Fog' momtf (p&g' nSz'). A short, thick none ; snub
nose. ^PnS'-nOMd' (-nSzdO. n.
Pnii'lM (pu'ny), o. [See Poinr.] Younger or infe-
rior in legal rank ; junior ; associate.
Pu1S-iaiIt(puTs-sontorp4.T»'-), a. [F.] Powerful;
strong : forcible. —Pnis-MUit-ly, ai/r.— Pals-sance, n.
Pllk» (p5k), V. i. & t. [Cf. G. spucken to spit ; E.
jpeir.l To vomit ; to spew. — n. An emetic.
Pole (pul), r. i. [F. viauler; cf. L. pipilnre, E.
peep to chirp.] 1. To cry like a chicken. 2. To whimper.
nPn1tl(pinikt),ii. CL.,aflM.] At
dtic insects indnding Ams.
PoU (pvl), V. <. A i [k&.puUitm,^ 1. TOdrsw,
attempt to draw, toward one ; to tug. 2. To |
with the huul ; to pluck. — n. 1. A pulling. 2. .
teat; struggle. 3. Knob, handle, lever, etc., by which
anything is pulled. 4. Act of rowing. 6. Act of drink-
ing. 6. Something in one*s favor m a compariaop or
contest; advantage; inflnenoe.
PnlllMMk' (pul'blkO. n. Drawback ; hindrance.
PldOrt (pallet), n. L F. po«/e//f .] A young ben.
Pnl'toy (pvim n. \¥. '■ -■'--"'"^^
pouHe.'\ Wheel for trans-
mitting, imparting, or changing direction of, power in
machinery, by means of a belt, cord, rope, or chaizu
PvUlnail oar (pvl'num kifcr^). [Fr. Pullman, who
introduced them.] A kind of sleeping car or palaoe car.
Pnl'lDlO-llA-iy tpQl'mt^nt-rj^), a. [L. pulmonariuSt
tr.pulmoj -numU^ 1"°?] ^^^ ^^ ^® lux«s ; pulmonic
Pul-moillo (-mOn'lk), a. Pert, to, or affecting, the
lungs ; pulmonary. — n. A pulmonic medicine.
Plllp (plilp), n. [L. pulpa.'] A moLe^ maaa of soft,
undissolved animal or vegetable matter.
Pnl'plt (pvl'pTt), t». [L- pulpiium,} 1. An elevated
place in a church, in which the clergyman stands while
preaching. 2. The deny as a class ; also, preaching.
Pnlp'OUl (piUp'Os), Pnto^ (-j^), a. like pnlp ; soft.
PnlnMto (p&l'sSt), V. C {1m ptiisare, -M/Mfn.] To
throb, as a pulse ; to beat, as the heart. — Pnl-catlOB, n.
PU'M-Oto (-si-tTl), a. 1. Capable of being struck or
beaten ; played by percussion. 2. Pulsating ; throbbing.
Pnl'M-tiTO (-tYv),PiBl'sa-tO-nr (-t«-ry ),«. Throbbing.
plsyed by percussion.
*-tlTe(-tYv),Pnl'sa-to-fy(-t«-rf),
PulM (pflls), n. [L. puU, pulHs, thick pap.] Legu-
minous plants, or their seeds, as beans, pease, etc
PnlM, n. [L. puUutf fr. pellere, puUum, to beat,
strike.] 1. The beating or throbbing of the heart or
blood vessels, esp. of the arteries. 2. Measured or regu-
lar beat ; oscillation ; pulsation. —v. t'. To pulsate.
Pnl-Mlll'e-ttr (pm-tOmt-tSr), n. IPuUe -f meter.}
A device, with valves, for raising water by steam, with-
out a piston ; vacuum pump.
Pnl'TMr-iae (-v8r-!a), v. t. [L. pulveriznre, fr. pulrit
dust.] To reduce to powder by besting, grinding, etc —
V. i. To turn to powder. — Pnl'Vtf-l-MniOII, n.
Pnl-Ttr^-lent (-vSr'd-lent), a. Powdery ; dusty.
Pv'nui (pu'mA), n. [Peruv.] A large Ameriam car-
nivore found from Canada to ratagonia ; cougar.
Pani'loe (pfimTs^, n. [L. pumez, wtmicis.'] A very
light porous volcanic scoria, — used for smoothing and
polishing. — Pn-mi'oaoilS (pft-mTsh'tts), a.
Pump (p&mp), n. [Prob. because worn for pomp or
ornament J A low shoe with thin sole. j>o ■ ■
Pnmp.n. [Akin to D. pomp.] Hydraulic if] J ^
machine for raising or transferring fluids.
»r. /. 1. To raise (a fluid) with a pump.
2. To draw water, etc., from ; to free from
water bv a pump. 3. To draw out (secrets) i
by persistent qnestionhig. i
Pump'kln (p&mp'kTn), PompiOB 1
(pQmp^yfin or pOra'pI-iin), «. [OF. pom-
pon, L. pepo, peponU.'} A trailing plant
and its fruit, — used for or iking and for
feeding stock.
Pnil (pttn), n. A play on words of like
sound but different meanings ; quibble. —
1*. i. To use a word in a double sense.
(pllnch}, n. [Hhid. pdnea Ave,
)llnch),n. ^ ,
because composed of five ingreoients, vis.,
sugar, arrack, spice, water, and lemon
juice.] A beverage composed of liquor,
water (or milk), sugar, and lemon juice,
spice, etc.
Punch, n. [ Abbr. fr. puneMneth.'] PuncblneUa
Pnnollt n. 1. A short, fat fellow; anything short
and thick. 2. One of a breed of large dranght horses.
f
X
Suction Pnmp,
▼ieT»ed in ac-
tion. ilC Cyl-
inder or Bar^
rel : ^APipei
H Handle : P
Buekrt or Pi*-
toD : R Rod ur
8 pear ; r v
Vslv««.
S, 1, 1, ?^ a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, a, j^, short ; senate, «vent, tdea, 6bey, tinite, c4re, iirm, aak, iiU, ffaDoL
PUNCH
453
PURIFICATORY
Punehe*.
a Blaeksmith'i Round Punch i h
Punch for catting j c, c', »/. «nd « :
Punchm for ntsmping t / Mutrijc I
•tamped bjr Punch e.
I (pBiich)i V. I. [OB. punchen^ perh. same u E.
puHi*h.\ To poke. — ». A thrust or blow. [CoHog.'\
FUMJkt n. [Abbr. fr. punche<m.'] A tool for lUunp-
ing or perforating, or
for cutthig out bUmka,
etc.; a die.— >r. t. To
perforate or atamp with
an inatmment by prea-
anre, or a blow.
PviUdlfMB (piinch'-
tin), n. [F. poinfon
awl, bodkin, Ung-poat,
f r. h. punetio a prick-
ing, fr. ptingere to
prick.] 1. A figured
•tamp, die, or punch,
used bj goldamitha, out-
lerif^c 2. Short, up*
right timber in framing.
8. A log or alab with the face amoothed. [C. 5.1 4.
[F. p&tn^<mJ] A eaak containing from 84 to 120 gallons.
Put'om-BAllO (piin'chT-nei'lA), n. [It. pulcinella.]
A punch ; bufToon in a puppet show.
Pano-tniO (pBnk-ttl'yV), n. [It. puntiglio^ dim. fr.
L. punetum point. J A nice point in conduct, ceremony,
or procNseding ; exactness in forms.
rmo-tniOIUI (-yfis), a. Attentive to punctilio ; very
nice or exact in the forms of behavior, etiquette, etc. —
PB]l0-tlll0lls4F, adv. — PonO-tllfiOIUhllMS, n.
Pimotll^ (pftnk'ttt-al; 40), a. [F. ponetuel, fr. L.
rietum,! 1. OlMerrant of nice points; punctilious.
Adhering exactly to an appointed time ; prompt. —
Piiiio'tii-«14j, adv. — Puo^tn-aia-i^ (-«T-ty), n.
PanoOn-AW (4U ; 40), v. t. [Cf. F. ponctuer.'\ To
. mai^ with points; to separate into sentences, clauses,
etc., by stops marking the pauses. — Pnnotn-atloil, n.
iS^g^ Punctitation is chiefly performed with four points :
the period M, the colon [:], the semicolon [;], and the
comma [,]. Other points used In writing and printing
are the note of interrogation [?1, the note of exclnmation
[11, the parentheses [()], the dash [— J« »Qd bracket* { J.
Pimo'tim (pliQkttr ; 40), n. [L. ptmcturoy fr. pun-
gere, ptmetumy to priok.] L A puncturing or perfora-
ting. 2. Small hole made by a p<Mnt.»r./. To prick.
Pa'dttCpOn'dTt),!!. [mnd, pm^dit.-} A learned man;
teacher; Brahman. {India^
Pons (pfing), n. meigh drawn by one horse. [U. S.l
Pon^tllt U><in']0nt), a. fli. ot(n^0»M, -genti*^ p. pr. of
pHngere, pimctum, to prick.] 1. Causing a sharp sensa-
tion, as of the taste, smell, or feelings ; pricking ; biting ;
acrid. 8. Sharply painful ; severe ; caustic ; stinging. —
P«]fg«Bt-l7, adv. — Pail'g«n-cy (-j«n-^), n.
871U — Acrid ; sharp; acute ; keen ; biting ; stinging.
Pnldo (pu'nTk), a. ^
fr. Poeni Carthaginians.,
thaginiana. 2. Faithless; treacherous.
nniall (pttn^sh), v. f. [L. punire^ -nitum.'\ 1. To
impose a penalty upon ; to chasten. 2. To inflict a pen-
alty for (an offense) upon the offender. — Panlsh-Mr, n.
— Piiiiifl1i-ft-1ile« a. — Pniilsli-meiit n.
Syn. — To castigate; whip; discipline. See Chastht.
PQ/ni-ttre (pS'nT-tTv), Pa'ni-to-ry (-t«-rj^), a. Pert,
to punishment ; involving or inflicting punishment.
Ponk (pfiQk), n. 1. Wood so decayed aa to be dry
and useful for tinder ; touchwood. 2. A fungus some-
times dried for thider ; agaric. 3. Artiflcisl tinder.
II Pui1U(p&9ncA), n. [Hind. DonicAa fan.] Machine
for fanning a room, [ffindojitan]
Pns'Star (pttn'stSr), n. One who puns : a low wit.
Punt (pttnt), V. i. [F. ponter^ fr. L. punetum point.]
To play at basset, baoc^ra, faro, or omber : to gamble. —
n. A playing at baooara, faro, etc. — Pniit'tr. n.
Pont* n. [AS., fr. L. ponto punt, pontoon.] A flat-
bottomed boat.— V. t. 1. To propel (a boat in shallow
n«. Punicui pert, to Carthage,
a. J 1. Pert, to the ancient Car-
water) by pushinff with a pole against the bottom. 2. To
kick (a football) before it touches the ground, when let
fall from the hands. — Punt'OT (pliut^), n.
Pn'ny (pu'ny), a. [F. nuine younger, later bom.]
Imperfectly developed ; amall and feeble ; inierior ; petty.
Pop (pttp), n. (a) A young dog ; puppy, {b) A yooug
seal. — V. 1. To bring forth whelps or young.
Pa'M (pO'D*), ». ; pi. L. VxtTM (-p8), E. PUPAS (-pix).
[L., girl, doU, puppet.] Insect
in that stage of ita metamorphosis
immediately preceding the adult,
or imago, stage ; chrysalis. — Pof-
PQ'pIl (pu'pTl), n. [L. pupiUa
pupil of the eye, orig. dim. of pupa
a girl.] The aperture in the ins ;
the sight, apple, or black of the
eye. See Etb. ~ Pn'oO-U-iy , a.
Pn'pll«n. \Im pupiUm^pupmoy
dim. of puput boy, pupa girLj
Ayouth of «iJJ>2«'!iT'*' *^ P-P*- « LnHdoptwous
structor. — Pn'pU-Agt, n. — Pn'- (Salt-mardk Moth), nat.
pU-lft-IT} a. tiz9 I b Coleopteroui
Syn. -Learner; disciple; tyro. \^J2S^ BseUe), en-
See ScHOLAJU urged.
Pap'pat (pttp'pJt), n. [OF. poupette.l [Written also
poppet.'] jL. Small image in the human f<
if arlonette.
image in the human form ; doll.
S. One controlled by another ; a tooL
[F. poupU doll, puppet.] 1.
:, etc. ; wtielp.
A conceiU
im-
Pnp^ (pttp'py),
Toung of the dog, et . _
perthMut person. «■ r . i. To bring forth wbelpa ; to pup.
Pvqp^-lsll, a, — Pap^-lam (-Ts'm), n.
Pnr (pur), r. i. [Imitative.] To utter a low, murmur-
The
ing, ctmtinued sound, as a cat doea when pleased,
sound of a contented cat. [Written also pwrr.^
PnrOdllkK (-bllndO. a. [For pure-blind, i. e., wholly
blind.] 1. Wholly blind. 2. Nearsighted, or dim-
sighted ; seeing obscurely. — PnrllUBd'lMW, n.
Pnr'olUUIhft-llle (-chts-4-bU), a. Capable of being
bought ; venal ; corrupt.
Pnr'ollMe (pflr'chls ; 2), r. t. [OF. porehaeier to seek
eagerly ; potir, por, pur, for (L. oro) -f chaeier to chase.]
1. To pursue and obtain. 2. To buy for a price. S. To ob-
tain by labor, danger, sacrifice, etc 4. To apply to (any-
thlnff) a device for obtaining a mechanical advantage. —
n. 1. Acouisitlon of property for a price ; buying. 2.
Thing obtained ; acquisition. 3. Mechanical hold, or ad-
vantage, applied to the raising or removing of heavy bod-
ies, as by a lever, tackle, caprtan, etc. ; also, the appara-
tus or device affording the advantage. — Poi^olUUKCr, n.
Plir»(pur), a. [L.punw.] 1. Separate from extrane-
ous matter ; clean ; clear ; mere ; aimpla. 2. Ouileleaa ;
chaste. 3. Genuine; perfect. 4. 6f a single, simple
sound or tone; — said of some vowels and the nnaqpi-
rated consotiants. — Pimly, adv. — Pim'llMS, ».
Syn. — Unmixed; dear: simple; real: clean; fair;
spotless ; chaste ; undefiled ; innocent ; guileless ; holy.
Pnr-gatlon (pdr-gi'shlin), n. A purging ; a clearing
or purifying. [thartlcT
Pnr'ca-ttTe (pttr'gA.tTv), a. Purging. — n. A ca-l
Pnx'Ca-tO-ry (pQr'gi.t^r]^), a. Tending to cleanae ;
expiatory. — n. State or place of purification after death,
where (according to the Roman (Jatholic creed) the souls
of persons expiate offenses, committed in life, not merit-
ing eternal damnation. — Pu^fa-tO^-Al, o.
Fnrpfe (pfirj), r. /. [L. purgare.] 1. To claanae, dear,
or punfy. 2. To clear from guilt or defiJement. 4. To
wash away. «■ r. i. 1. To be«>me pure. 2. To have fre-
quent evacuations from the intestines. ^11. 1. A pur-
ging. 2. That which purges ; a catiuuiic. — Pnz^Ctr, n,
Pn'rt-tt^Mimoil (pu>rT-fY-ki^shtin), n. 1. A purify-
Ing ; a removing from anything that which Is Impure or
foreign to it. 2. A cleansing from sin : extinction of
sinfid appetites. —Pn-rUl-oa-tO-iy (-rtft-kA-t^-ry), a.
fSm, raoent, Arb, r^da, f ^ ttm, food, fcTot, oat, oU, oliair, w^ ain^t iQk, then, tbia.
PURIFIER
454
PUTRID
Pu'lt-fy (pu'ri-fl), V. t. [F. purifier^ L. purijicare ;
rru* -f 'ficare (in comp.) to make.] 1. To make pure.
To free from guilt, defilement, or improprieties or
barbarisma. — v. i. To become pure. — PQ^-fl^eTf n.
Por'lnn (pur^z*m^, n. [Gf. F. purUme.2 Rigid pa-
rity ; a being affectedly nice. —
Pv^tan (pQ'rI-tan), n. [From purity.] 1. A dis-
aeuter from the Churcli of England in the 16th and 17th
centuriea. 2. One strict in hiareliffiooa life.— a. Pert,
to, or characterifltio of, the Puritana. — Pa'll-tUino
(-tlnOk), Pn'rl-taiiio-ai, a, — Pa'tl-UnlfHa-ly, adv.
— Pali-tail-lail (pu'rT-t/xn-Tz'm), n.
Pull-ty (-ty ), n. [F. puretif f r. L. puriiasy fr. purtu.}
The being pure ; freedom from deleterious matter, from
dirt, sin. foreign idioms or barbarous phrases, etc.
Purl (pQrl), V. /. To decorate with fringe or embroid-
ery. «-n. 1. An embroidered and puckered border;
hem or fringe ; pleat or fold. 2. An inversion of stitches
in knitting, giTing a ribbed appearance.
Pnil, V. i, [Gf. pur to murmur as a cat.] 1. To run
swif tl V round, as a stream amons obstructions ; to eddv ;
to make a murmuring sound. 2. To rise in circles, rip-
ples, or undulations; to curl; to mantle.— n. 1. A
circle made by the motion of a fluid ; eddy ; ripple.
2. A gentle murmur, like that of water running among
obetructiona. 3. Malt liquor, medicated or spi(^.
Pnrttoll (pOraS), ». [of. puralie, poralie.'} Outer
portion of any place ; environs ; neighborhood.
Pnr'llll ((-nD)« n. Horizontal timber supporting
ParOllMf rafters.
Pnr-lOlll' (pOr-loin')» f>. t, & i. [OF. purloignier to
delay ; j>ur, pour, for (L. pro) -}- loin far, far off (L.
longe).j To steal ; to filch. — Por-lolll'fr, n.
POZ^ (pttr'pn), n. / pi. PUBPLKS (-p*lz). [OE. & OF.
purpre, L. purpura purple fish, purple dye, fr. Gr. iro^
^ivpa the purple fish from whose shell the purple dye was
obtained. J L Color combining the primary colors red
and blue. 2. Cloth dyed a purple color ; purple robe,
worn as an emblem of rank or iraperial dignity. 8. A
cardinalate. — a, 1. Of a deep red, or red ai^ blue color.
2. Impuria] ; retral. 3. Blood-red. «■ v. t. To make
purple. —Pnr'pUsll (-plTsh), a.
Pur'^ort (-p5rt), n. [OF. ; pur (L. pro) -f porter to
carry.] Design or tendency ; meaning. — v. t. To signify.
PmrMM (-ptts), n. [OF. purpogf propos^ L. proposi-
turn. See Propouhd.] Aim of any plan or exertion.
Sjn. — Design ; end ; intention ; aim. See Desiov.
— V. t. To propose, as an aim, to one*8 self ; to Intend.
>Me-l7, adv. With purpose ; intentionally.
T (pfir). V. & n. Pur.
PniM (pOrs), n. [OE. purs^ OF. burge, bour.te, LL.
buna^ fr. Or. /Svfxra hide, skin, leather. Gf. BouasR,
BuuailJ 1. Bag or pouch, to carry money in ; pocket-
book. 2. Treasury; finances. 3. Money offered as a
prize, or collected as a present.— v. t. To contract into
folds, like the mouth of a purse ; to packer ; to knit.
?«rss crab, a laree and strong land crab, inhabiting tne
tropical islands of the Pacific and Indian Oceans, living
in holes and feeding upon fruit. — ?«rss nst, a fishing net,
whose month may be drawn together like a purse.
Pime'-prOIld' (-proudO* a. Elated by wealth.
Pim'er, n. [See Pttbsk, and cf. Bubsab.] 1. Naval
commissioned officer in charge of provisions, clothing, and
public moneys on shipboard ; paymaster. 2. Clerk on
steam passenger vessels who keeps account of receipt
of freight, tickets, etc.
Pnr-ra'anoe (pQr-nu'ans), n. 1. A pursuing or prose-
cuting ; following out or after. 2. Consequence.
Pnr-fln'Ult, a. Acting in consequence (of anything) ;
following ; according ; — with to or of.
Pnr-sne' C-suO^ v. t. fOF. porHvre, ponrmivre^ fr.
L. projiequi; pro forward -|- tequi to follow.] 1. To
follow In order to overtake ; to chase. 2. To seek ; to
use measures to obtain. 3. To proceed along ; to go in
4. To prosecute ; to be engaged
To persecute ; to call to account. -> r. i. 1. To
^ in pursuit. 2. To go on ; to proceed (in argument or
(a route, course, etc.).
6. To persecute ; to call t
discourse). 3. To follow a matter Judicially, as a com-
plaining party ; to act as a prosecutor. — Plir-flll'ar, n.
Syn. — To chase j seek ; penist. See Follow.
Pnr-miir (pfir-suf), n. 1. A following or going after;
chase ; prosecution. 2. Endeavor to attain to or gain. 3.
Course of business or occupation; continued employment
Pnr'Blli-Tailt (pfir'awt-vont), n. [F. pourntivant, fr.
pourmivre.'l A state messenger.
Pnr'iy (-8y),a. [OF./Murct/.l Fatandsbort-breatbed.
Pa'm-lent (pu'rv-l«it), a. [L. purulenhu, fr. jms,
puris.'\ Consisting of pus, or matter ; suppurating.
Pnr-V«r (pfir-vS'). r. L & i. [OF. porrteir, fr. L.
rovidere. See Pbovidb.] 1. To furnish or provide.
To procure. — Pur-Tey'lBM, «. — Plir-¥«yMV, n.
Pur'Vlew (-vu), «. [OF. puiret*, p. p. of porveoir.
See PunvBT.] 1. The body of a sUtute ; scope of a stat-
ute. 2. Limit or sphere of authority ; extent.
Pus ( pBs), ft. [L. ] Matter produced by sapporation.
PlIBll (pvsb), V. t. & i. [F. pow*er, fr. L. puUare.]
1. To press ; to drive by pressure ; — <^>p. to draw. 2.
To gore. 3. To urge forward ; to drive. 4. To bear hard
upon ; to embarrass. 6. To press with solicitation ; to
tease. ->n. 1. A thrust ; shove. 2. Faculty of overcom-
ing obstacles ; aggressive anargy. [ Colloq. ]— PoBll'tr, n.
Syn. — See Thbust.
PQ/aU-lanl-moilS (-linT-mOs), a. [L. pusUlnnimiM ;
pUiriUui very little + animus mind.] 1. DMtilute of
manly strength; mean-spirited. 2. Evincing want d
courage. — Pu'all-U-nlml-tT (-lA-nTmOT-ty). ».
Syn. — Cowardly : mean-spirited ; timid ; feeMe.
POM (pus), n. TCf. Gael. pu$.} 1. A oat 2. A hnr».
PnMKy (Sh n* [Dim. of />«m.T 1. Pet name for a cat
2. Catkin of the pussy willow. 3. Oame of tipcat.
Fsssy wfflow, a willow havhag large cylindrical catkins
clothed with long glossy hairs.
Pasm-late (pfisfttt-lit), r. t. [L. pustulare, -latum,
to blister, f r. pustnla. ] To form into pustules, or blisters.
POB'tllto, n. [h.pustula.2 Pimple containing poa. —
Pns^-lons (-ts-ifis), a.
Pat (pttt), n. [Cf. W. pic/.] A rusUc ; clown.
Pat (pyt), V. t. limp. & p. p. Pot; p. pr. & vb. n.
PvTTiNO.] [AS. potion to thrust] 1. To move hi any
direction ; to impel. 2. To place ; to lay. 3. To attach ;
to assign. 4. To set before one for judgment, acceptance,
or rejection ; to state ; to assume ; to sappoae. 6. To in-
cite; to orge; to« oblige. 6. To throw (a weight, etc.)
with a pashmg motion " overhand " ; a practice in ath-
letics, —v. i. To steer ; to direct one*s course ; to go.
Syn. —To Put ; Lay ; Placb ; Sbt ; cause : produce :
propose; state. — These words a^ree in fixing the position
of an object To put is the least definite, denoting mere-
ly to move to a pCice. To place refers more particularly
to the precise location. To »et or to lay may be used whm
there is special reference to the porition of the object
— n. 1. A nutting ; an action ; thrust ; push. 2. A game
at cards. 3. A privilege which one party buys of another
to ** put " (deliver) to him a certain amount of stoc^
grain, etc., at a certain price and date. [BrokerM^ Cant]
Pa-talOMl (ptt-ti'meu), n. The sheu of a nut ; the
stone of a drupe fruit See Ekdocabp.
Pata-tfye (pu'tA-tTv), a. [L. putatirus, fr. putore^
-tntumt to suppose.] Commonly reputed. [scaffold. I
Pat^OC (putn9ff0« '^ Timber supporting floor of a I
Palre-lyfpu'trt-fi),©./. [Written also ptt/r<^.] [F.
ptUrifier ; L. putrere to be rotten -f 'ficare (in oomp.) to
make.] 1. To render putrid ; to cause to decay or rot
2. To make morbid, carioua^r gangrenous. -»v. i. T^
rot — Pa'tre-teCtloii, n. — Pa'tre-facOhr*, a.
Pa-trea'oant (pd-trite'stfnt), a. IL. putrescens.l 1. Be-
coming putrid or rotten. 2. Pert, to Ute proeeu of putre-
faction. — Pa-twe'oanoe, ».
Pa'trld(pu'trTd),a. [L.putridHs,tr. putrere.} Tend*
ft, 6, 1, 9, 0, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, «, tt •tM>rt ; aanftte, fivent, tdM, 6bey, tknite, oftra, i&rm, Adc, nU, flnoL
PUTRIDITY
ing to deoompoaition or decay ; rotten. — .
(putrTd-n««), Pn-tlldl-^ (ptt-trldl-ty), «.
PBft7(paftj^),n. IF. poUe.] Thick poate or cement
compounded of wldting, or aoft carbonate of lime, and
linaeed oil, — uaed in fastening glaM in lachea, stopping
crevicea, etc — r. t. To oemen^ or stop, with putty.
Pm'tfa ^fiz'i'l), n. [For oppatalf in the Muse of
problem.] 1. Something which perplexes ; problem for
testing ingenuity. 2. Per^exity. — v. t. 1. To perplex ;
to nonplus. 2. To make intricate ; to entangle. 3. To
solve by ingenuity ; — followed by out. — v. i. 1. To be
perplexed. 2. To work, as at a puxsle.
Sjn. — To bewilder ; confound. See Bmbabeass.
Ffg'mf (pig'my), n, [Gr. viryyiouK. fr. nvyfii} flat, a
measure of lengthy distance from elbow to knuckles.]
[ Written also pigmy. ] 1. One of a fabulous race of dwarfs
who waged war with the cranes, and were destroyed. 2.
An insigniflcant person ; dwarf. — Pyglny, Pyf -m*'AB
(pTg-mS'an), a.
II Pr-jAllUi (pt-jS'raA), n. [Hind. pSe-Jamn.} Tldn
loose trowaers or drawers. [Written aiso paijnma.}
B Pj'WrUM (pT-iyrtts), ». [L., fr. Gr. irvA«»p«$f pylonic,
g»t« keeper ; vvAiy gate -|- oipoi guardian. ] Opening from
the stomach into the intesUue. — Py-lorlO (-ISr^k), a.
Pyr^a-mld (pTr'A-mld). n. ^^ '»"
Egrptian origin.] 1. A solid
body standing on a triangular,
square, or polygonal base, and
terminating in a point at the
top. 2. A geometrical solid
figure contained by several tri-
angles, whose bases are all in
the same plane, and which
have a common vertex. — Py-
raml-dAl (pT-rim'T-daf),
Pyra-mldiO (plr^A-mTdTk), Pyramids.
P^'a-mldlo-al, a.
Pm (pir). It. [Or. irvpdl, fr. wvp flre.l Funeral pile ;
combustible heap on which tlie dead are burned.
Pyift-femi (pTKT-fOrm), a. [L., pyrum^ pirum^ pear
+ -form.'] Having the form of a pear ; pear-sliaped.
Pyrtto (-It), n. / pi. Ptbitbs (-Its). A mineral of brass-
yellow color and brilliant metallic luster ; iron pyrites.
Py-lltOS (pT-ri't8x), n. [L., fr. Or. m/ptny?, fr. wvp
fire. J A sulphide of iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, or tin.
Iron pyrites will strike fire against steel.
455
QUADRILATERAL
Pf-rol'O-ty (pt-rWft-jy), ». [/Vo- 4- -/oyy] Bdenoe
of the properties of heat ; treatise ou h-)at.
Py-rom'e-ttr (pt-r5mt-t«r), n. [Pyro- + -meter.']
Instrument for measuring high degrees of beat.
Pyro-teohldO (pTr'A-tSk'uTk), I a. [Pyro- 4- ted^
Pyro-tMll'lllo^il (-nl-kat), ) ntc, teehnicai.] Per-
taining to fireworks, or the art of forminff them.
Pyro-teoll1llO0,P]rr'O-tMll'liy,n. Manufacture and
use of fireworks. — Pyro-tMh'lllit, n.
Pfl'llllo<-rTk), a. [Gr. wvppixioi pert to the w^ppixn
(sc. 8pyi9<nt) a war dance.] 1. Pert, to an ancient Greek
martuu dance. 2. Pertaining to, or cootaininff,pyrrhica.
^n. 1. A Greek martial dance. 2. A metnc foot con-
sisting of two short ^llables.
Pyr'rIlO-Illflm (-r8-nTz*m), n, [Fr. PyrrhOy founder
of a school of skeptics in Greece.] Skepticism ; doubt.
P^a-fO're-AB (pTth'A-gS'rS-an or pT-tfaXg'ft-rS'au),
a. Pttrt. to Pythagoras, a Greek plQoaopher, or his
philosophy. » n. A follower of Pythagoras.
Pythl-AB (pTthT-on), a. [Gr. nvOtos pert, to Pytbo,
older name of Delphi] Pert, to Delphi, to the temple of
Apollo, or to the priestess who delivered
oracles at Delphi.
Python (pi'th5n), n. [L. , tlie serpent
slain near Delphi by Apollo.] 1. A very
large snake, allied to the boas. 2. A di-
viner by spirits.
PytVo-naSB (pTth't-nSs), n. [L. I
pythonissa.'} 1. Priestess who gave orac-
ular answers at Delphi in Greece. 2. A
vdtch. [pbetic ; oracular. I
Py-thonlo (pT-th»n^k), a. Pro-I
Pyx (pTks), 11. [Gr. wirfiff a box, fr. ,^
»i;^tl»e box tree or boxwood.] [Writ- Py«0).
ten also pix.] 1. The box, case, vase, or tabernacle, in
which the host is reserved in Roman Oath-
olio churches. 2. Box used in the British
mint to deposit sample coins taken for a
trial of the weight and fineness of metaL
3. Box in which a ship's compass is sus-
pended; binnacle.
If Pvs-ldl-lim (-TdT-ilm), n. [Gr. wv(i-
3tov, dim. of wv^it box.] (a) A pod divid-
ing circularly into an upper and lower half,
of which the former acts as a khid of lid, as pyxidium (ai.
in the pimpemeL (fr) The theca of mor-^
a
Qsaok (kwlk), p. i. [Imit] 1. To cry like a duck.
2. To boast. » n. 1. Cry of the duck. 2. Pretender to
melical skill. 3. Charlatan. » a. Pert, to quacks or
quackery; pretentious.— Qnaok'er-y, n.
II Omia'ra-getl-nu (kwSJ'ri-jS^'T-mi). n. [L., fr.
OHadrngeJtimtu fortieth, fr. quadraginta forty ; quaituor
four.] The forty days of fast preceding Eas-
ter : Lent. — Qiiad'rA-SMl-inal, n.
Qliad'tail'de (-rXu'g*!), n. [F., fr. L.
inadrangulum ; quaituor -J- angulus angle.]
. A geometrical plane figure of 4 angles
and 4 sides. 2. Quadrangular space or in- Rertint^ulnr
closure ; court surrounded by buildings, esp. yua.lrniiRle.
in a college, etc. — Qliad-mi'gll-lar (-r&n'gd-lSr), a.
Qnad'rant (-rant), n. [L. qnndran*^
-ranti$t a fourth part, fr. quaftuor four.] 1.
Quarter of a circle ; arc of U(P. 2. Instru.
ment for measuring altitudes. — Qnad-rail'-
tal (-rin'tal), a,
QlUd'nit (-rat), n. [F.] Block of type
metal lower than the letters,— used in spa- aaQuodrsnU
dng and in blank lines. [Abbr. quad.]
;ru- '
in'. ■ '
QlUd'kato (kwBd'rftt), a. [L. quadrare, -ratum^ to
msJce four-cornered, to square, to fit, f r. guadru* square,
quattuor four.] 1. Having 4 equal sides, the opposite
sides parallel, and 4 right angles; square. 2. Produced
by multiplying a number by itself ; square. »n. A square.
— V. i. To square : to agree ; to correspond.
Qoad-nitlo (-rStTk), a. 1. Pert, to squares ; square.
2. Pert, to algebraic terms of the second degree ; as, a
quadratic equation, in which the highest power of the
unknown quantity is a square.
OUAftlra-tlirt (-ri-tttr; 40), fi. 1. A squaring; the
finding a square having the same area as some given cur-
vilinear figure. 2. Position of one heavenly body in re-
spect to another distant from it 90°.
QOAd-rMl'lli-Al (-r«n'nT-al), a. [L. quadriennium
space of fouryeant; ^uaZ/uor -{- arm'M year.] 1. Com-
prising 4 years. 2. Occurring once in 4
years.
Qoadlrl-Uf er-al (rT-lifSr-al), c
ing 4 sides, and 4 angles ; quadrangular,
n. A quadrangular figure ; figure formed ^
by 4 lines. Qumdrilaterar.
once in 4 ^,«___^^
I, a. Hav- /
igular.— /
■e formed ' i
f^ra, recent, Orb, r^de, f yll, Om, food, (<n>t, oitt, oil, eliair, go, slug, i||k, ttien, UUa.
QUADRILITERAL
456
QUARTAN
OaadlMif tr-al (kw9d'rT>ITt^r-aJ), a. IQuadri- + l
literal.} Conal«ting of 4 letter*.
QlU-dlUlO' (kwJUlrTr or kAKlrTl'), n. [F. ; fr. 8p. |
euadrilla meeting of four or more peraona ; dim. f r. L.
quadra a aqiuune. ] 1. A cUuioe haring 4 couple* of dancers i
ineachaet. 2. A game played by 4 persons with 40 card*, i
Qud-lliaiOB OcwSd-rTpyfin), n. [P., fr. L. quater '
four times, akin to quaUwn'^ B. /our; — formed like mil- ,
iion.'l By Prench and American notation, a unit with 15 I
ciphers annexed ; by English notation, the 4th power of '
a milUoo, or a unit with 24 ciphers annexed. I
QoadllHql'U-ttto (-rT-sTl^bM), n. [Qiuufyi- -f tyl-
labU.} A word consisting of 4 syllables. '
Qoad-rooo' (-rSon'), n. [F. quarteronj or Sp. euar-
teroH."] Offspring of a mulatto and a white.
II Qnad-nillia-IU (-rn'm4.n4), n. pi. [NL., L. quat
luor -)- manus hand.] A divi-
sion of animals comprising apes
and monkeys, whose hind foot is
osnally prehensiie,and the great
toe opposable like a thumb. —
For*
Foot or U*nd i k Hind
Foot of Oreo; Uhena
QlUkFru-ped (-rv-p6d), a.
[L. quadrupe*y -pedis; qwU-
luw-f-DMfoot.] Having 4 feet.
— n. An animal having 4 feet.
Qnad'ni-id* (-pM), a. [l.
ouadrupltuiT] Fourfold. — n.
Four times the sum or number.
* V. r. & i. To multiply by 4 ; to increase fourfold.
QlUld-ni'vli-4»t« (-ra'pll-kit), 1*. /. To quadruple. —
a. Quadruple. — Qoad'ni-pllroaHoii, n.
II ^[tmrn (kwS'rt), v. imperative. [L., imper. of
quaerere to seek.] Inquire ; question ; see.
Qoaff (kwif), V. t.&i, [Gael. Jfc Ir. cuach drinking
cup.] To drink copiously. — QvafFer, n.
Qnag^n (kwig'g*), %. [Hotteutot.] A South Af
ilda"
rican wild
[the foot ; bofrgy. I
QOMt'ST (-8^)* ^ I'OEe a quagmire ; yielding under
QailfBOre' C-mir'), n. {Qntake + mire.} Soft, wet,
miry hmd, which shakes or yields under the feet.
Syn. — Morass; marsh; l>og; swamp; fen; slough.
QvallOg ) (kwii^hBg), n. PNarraganaett Indiau po-
Qaaluillff f quaflJioek.} An edible Americau clam.
OlUdl (kwn), V. i. [AS. cwrlan to die, perish.] To
•ink under trial or apprehenMon of danprer ; to shrink.
Syn. — To cower; flinch; tremble; blench; succumb.
Qaall, n. [OF. quaitle^ of Dutch or German origin.]
A gallinaceous bird of the par-
tridge kind ; bobwhite.
Qvtlllt (kwint), a. [OF.
eointe cultivated, neat, fr. L. eo-
onitiuknoym^eognoseere to
know.] 1. Showing ingenuity
or art ; akillf ullv wrought ; neat.
8. Curious and fanciful ; odd ;
antique. — Quaint 'ly, adv. —
Ryn. — Quaikt: Odd: Aw-
TiQUK. — AntiiHf is applied to
something come down from tlie
ancients, or made to iraitite
some ancient work of art. Otld
Implies incongruity or uneven-
• '*!4g£rV'^.
European Qimil (Cnhtr.
Htrrtnn»iuni<). a Adult;
6 Young.
neae. An orf^thing or person is an exception to general
rules or expectation ana common experience. In quaint ^
the two ideas of odd and antique are combined.
Quake (kwak), r. i. [AS. acacian.} To shake with
fear, cold, etc. ; to tremble, vibrate, or quiver. — n. A
tremulous nifitatlon : quick vibratory movement.
QoalC'ar (kwSk'Sr), n. 1. One who quakes. 2. One of
a religious sect calling themselves Friends. — Qnak'ar-
eM, n. /. — Qoak'er-lab, a. — Qnak'er-ism, n.
Onall-fl'a-ble (kw5ia-fl'4-b*l), a. Capable of being
qualified ; abaUble ; modifiable.
Qoal'i-fl-oa'tlflll (kw51T-fT>ki'shtln), n. 1. A qoidl.
fying, or being qualified. 2. That which qualifies ; req-
uisite capacity or possession. S. A limiting, or being
limited; modification; resitrictioo ; diminution.
Qliall-ftod(-nd),a. 1. Fitted. 2. Modified ; limitMl.
Syn. — QvAuynD : Compvfbvt ; fit ; adapted. — Com-
petent is used of native endowments and ff«ieral ability
suited to the performance of a task or duty : guali/iiad
with respect to specific acquirements and training.
QnalO-Iy (-fi), r. /. [F. qualifier, LL. qualijieare, fr.
L. quali* how constituted, as 4~ -ficare (in oomp.) to
make.] 1. To make such as is required ; to fiL 2. To
reduce from a general to a partictuar form ; to modify ;
to limit ; to restrain ; to abate ; to diminish. — •«. t. To
be or become qiudified. — Qoall-fl'tr (-fl'Sr), it.
Syn. — To fit : prepare ; adapt ; modify ; temper.
Qoall-ty (-t j^), H. [F. qtialUi, L- qualilas, it. mialis. ]
1. Condition of being of such and such a sort as dieting,
from others ; sort. 2. Special or temporary character ;
occupation ; assumed rank, part, or position. 9. Distin-
guishing property or attribute. 4. Acquired trait ; ac-
complishment. 6. Superior birth or character.
Syn. — Property ; attribute ; nature ; sort ; raiilc.
Qualm (kwilin), n. [AS. acealm death, pestilence.]
1. Sudden attack of illness, faintnesa, or naoaea. 2. A
scruple of conscience ; compunction. [vomit, i
Qualmish, a. Sick at the stomach ; inclined to|
Qnail'da-rT (kwSu'dA-rj^ or kwSn-dS'rjT), n, [IceL
vandrteSi difficulty.] State of perplexity ; doubt ; un-
certainty.
QuanH-ta-tiye (-tT-tt-tTv), a. Relating to qnanUty.
Quan^ty (-tj^), n. [F. qnantitt, L. quantitas, fr.
quantus how grrcAt.] 1. The being so much, and not more
or less ; property of being measurable, or capable of in-
crease and aecrease, multiplication and division ; great-
ness ; measure of a syllable ; duration of a musical tone.
2. That which can be hicreased, diminished, or measured ;
anything to which mathematical prooeaaes are applicable.
3. Sum or bulk ; considerable amotmt : large portion.
Quantum (-tfim), n; pi. Qvaxta (-tA). [L., neater
of ouanfu^.l Quantity; amoimt.
^lUar'aa-tllM (kwBr'an-tSu), n. [F. quarantaine, fr.
quarante forty, L. quadraginta.'] Term (orig. 40 days)
during which a ship arrlvmg in port, and suspected of
irm (orig. 40 days)
uunuK wuivu m siiip «x^rivui|$ lu |n/iv, and SUSpeCted of
being infected with a malignant contagious diseaae, is for-
bidden intercourse with the shore ; tnhibiticm of Inter-
course. » v. t. To put under, or in, quarantine.
QuarTel (-rSl), t». [OF. ; LL. quadrellu*, fr. L. quad-
ru» square.] 1. Small quadrangular aquare of flaaa,
paving tile, etc. 2. A fotir-sided cutting tooL
Quarlrel, n. [OE. & OF. querele^ fr. L. querela com-
plaint, fr. queri to compUin.] 1. Breach of concord or
obligation ; diaagreement ; angry dispute. 2. Ground of
difference or hostility.— v. t. 1. To fall out; to be or
become antagonistic ; to contend ; to fight. 2. To find
fault (with) ; to cavil. — Quartul-^r, n.
Syn. — Brawl ; broil ; feud ; tumult ; contest ; wran^e.
Quar^rel-floma (-slim), a. Apt or disposed to quar-
rel ; given to brawls and contention ; easily irritated. —
Quar^l-nome-ly, ndr. —Quarlrel-Mme-neaa, n.
Syn. — Pugnacious ; inritnble ; choleric ; petulant.
Qnar^ (kwOr'ry). n. [OE. querre, OF. cvirSe, ft-.
euir hide, leather, fr. L. eorium.] An animal hunted
for ; game htmted with hawks, — r. i. To prey.
Quar^, n. [OF. quariere, LL. qnadraria onarry,
whence squared iqwtdroti) atones are dug, fr. quadratut
squarej Place where stone is taken from the earth. —
r. /. To dig or take from a quany.
Quart (kwj^rt), n. [F. quarie, IT. quart fourth.! 1. A
measure of capacity ; Mth of a gallon ; 2 pints. 2. Vce-
sel or measure containing a quart.
Quartan (kwj^an), a. [L. quartanuty tt. ouarfus
the 4th.] Pertaining to the 4th ; occurring every 4th day.
— n. 1. An intermitt4>nt fever returning every 4th day.
2. A measure, the Mth of some other measure.
a, S, I, S, a, long ;*,«,!, », «, f, short ; senftte, «vent, tdea, ftbey. finite, c&re, firm, Ask, f^U flnoL
QUARTER
457
QUESTION
, T (IcwftftSr), n. [L. ouartariuM^ It. quariu».'\
1. One of 4 equal parU into which anything is dividod ;
a l-4th part. Specifically : (a) The l^th of a hundred-
weight, being 25 or 28 poandii. (6) The l-4th of a ton
in weight, or 8 buahela of grain ; l^th of a chaldron of
coaL (e)Thel-4thpartof the moon^fl period, or monthly
rerolntion. {d\ One limb of a quadruped, with adjacent
parta. (e) That part of a shoe which forms the side, from
heel to ramp. (/) A term of study in a seminary, college,
etc ig) pi, Eki^unpmeut occupied by troc^M. (A) After-
part of a vessels side ; part of the yardarm outside of
the alings. {€) One of the 4 ports into which the heaven
is regarded as divided ; cardinal point ; principal division ;
r^ion. O*) ^ division of a town, city, or county ; district.
2. Proper station ; place of lodging or temporuy resi-
dence ; shelter. 3. Treatment shown by an enemy ; mercy.
Qaartsr day, a day regarded as termini^4ng a quarter of
the year ; one on which rent, etc, becomes due
— v./. 1. To divide into 4 equal parts. 2. To separate
into parta or regions. 3. To shelter or entertain.
QoartMr-deok' (-dfikO, n. That part of a ship^s upper
deck abaft the mainmast.
Qnartflr-ly, a. 1. Containing, or consisting of, a
fourth part. 2. Beourriug during, or at the end of, each
quarter. — •». A periodica work published once a quar-
ter. ^ adv. By quarters ; once in a quarter of a year.
Qaai'tM'-lliafl'tar (•mia'ter), ». 1. A military officer
who provides quarters, provisjons, transportation, etc.,
for troops. 2. Naval petty officer who attends to the
helm, binnacle, signals, etc
Qoartiini (-tSm), n. [P. quarteron^ fourth part of a
pouudfOrof a hundred.] 1. A quarter; Mthof apiut;
gilL 2. Loaf of bread weighing about 4 pounds.
Qvarlar-Stftfl' (-t8r-st4f0, n, A long staff formerly
used as a weapon.
Onar-tef )(-t8t0,n. [it. qwirteUo.'\ 1. (a)Amu-
Qvar-ttttt' ) sical composition in 4 parts, each for a
single performer. (6) Set of 4 persons who perform a
piece of mudc in 4 parts. 2. A stanza of 4 lines.
QlUUr^ (-t^), a. [L. in quarto in fourth.] Having 4
leaves to the sheet ; of the form or sise of a quarto. —
n. : pi. QvASToe (-tSz). Orig. , a book of the sise of l-4th
of a sheet of printing paper ; a sise made by twice folding
a sheet, which then makes 4 leave* ; now, a book of square
form, sjid usually of large sise.
Qurtl (kwnrts), n. [6. quarz."] A ciystalUne form
of silica, a constituent of granite, abounding in rocks of
all ages, and making most of the sand of the seashore.
QQaih (kwBeh), v. t. [L. eassare to annihilate, fr.
eastu* empty, vain.] To abate, annul, or make void.
Qvasll, V. f. [L. quauare to shake, v. intens. fr.
fftiA/«re, TuoMum, to sliatter.] 1. To beat down, or beat
in pieces ; to crush. 2. To subdue ; to suppress.
Qmt^Wi (kwS'Bl). [L.] As if ; as though ; qualified.
Qwui'sl-a (kw8ehT-4), n. [NL. Name of a negro,
QiMMy, who prescribed it as a specific] Wood of several
tropical American trees, intensely bitter, used in medicine
azMi as a substitute for hops in making beer.
QlUI-t0r^a-ry (kwi-tSr^n^-rj^), a. [L. quaiemariwt,
fr. ouaiemi four each, fr. quattuor four.] 1. Consisting
of 4 ; by fours, or in sets of 4. 2. Later tlian, or suboe-
onent to, the Tertiary. »n. 1. The number 4. 2. The
Quaternary age, era, or geological formation.
Qui-tei^-Oa (-nT-iin), n. [L. qwitemw.'] 1. The
number 4. 2. A set of 4 parts, things, or persons.
Qnatlralll (kw»f rin), n. [F., fr. oiwtre four, L. qual-
tuor. ] A stanza of 4 lines rhyming alternately.
Qan^tr (kwS'vSr), V. i. [OE. qitaren; origin uncer-
tain.] 1. To tremble ; to vibrate. 2. To shake the voice ;
to tnll on a musical instrument. — n. 1. Tremulous
vibration, as of the voice. 2. In music, an eigiith note.
Qiuy (kS)f n. [F. quai.'} A mole, bank, or wharf,
for loading and unloading vessels. [Written also key.}
QlUiy««e (-<tj), n. [F.] Wharfage.
QaMUdl'y (kwSch'J^), a. Yielding or trembling v
the feet, as boggy ground ; shaking; moving.
Qneui (kwSu), n. [AS. acene.} woman ; girl ; wenoh.
Qaaa'sy (kwS'zV), a. [Icel.iku>ei«apain.] 1. Sick at
the stomach ; inclined to vomit ; qualmish. 2. Fastidi-
ous ; squeamish ; ticklish. — QlMft'sl-lMW, n.
Qneen (kwSn), n. fOE. qiten, quene^ queen, quean, AS.
etteti ; akin to eicene.j 1. Wife of a king. 2. A female
monarch. 3. A woman eminent In power or attractions.
4. The fertile female of social bees, ants, and termitea.
6. The most powerful piece In chess. 6. A playing card
bearing the picture of a queen.
(hMsn consort, wife of a reigning king. — Qassa dowager,
widow of a kiog. — Qmsb mother, a queen dowager who is
mother of the reignmg king or queen. — Qoasn regent, or
^ , in her own right.— Qneea's mstal.
r«iBaBt,aqueenreigmuL „ -- ^ ,
an idloy consisting of tin with a mixture of antimony,
bismuth, and lead or copper. — Qneea's ware, glased Eng-
lish earthenware of a cream color.
Qneenly, a. Like, or suitable to, a queen.
Queen'-iKNrt' (-pOstO> »• One of two suspending poeta
in a roof truss,
or other similar
framed truss.
QllMr(kwSr),
a. [G. quer
cross, oblique,
athwart.] 1.
Differing in'
some odd way
from what Is Queen-po«t Roof. AB Tiebeam ; DG EP
ordinnrv ntiA • Queen-Pofts t DE Straining Piece t AD
sTng^far. 2.' ^^ Principal Rafters i ACBC Rafters.
Mysterious ; questionable. ICotloq.} ^ n. Counterfeit
money, [niang} — Qnoerly, adv. — Queer'new, n.
Quell (kwei), v, t. [as. ctceUan to kilL] 1. To sub-
due ; to put down. 2. To quiet ; to pacify.— Qnell'er, n.
Syn. — To subdue ; crush ; overpower ; reduce ; put
down ; repress ; suppress ; quiet ; ailay ; calm : pacify.
Qoencll (kwench), V. t. [AS. eurencan.} To extin-
iish; to make an end of.- " -- .-
_ renovn
quiet ; ailay
[AS. euren
guish ; to make an end of . — Qnenohfa-bla, a. — QnailOll'
er, n. — QuMiclilera. a.
Syn. —To extinguish J still ; stifle ; allay ; cool ; check.
j/.u^utou ; still ; stifle ; allay ; <
Qver'cit-roil (kwSr'sTt-riin), n. [F. ; L. quercu* oak
4- citrus citron tree.] Inner bark of several American
oaks, used in tanning and dyeing yellow.
Qnerl-mo'lll-OIUl (kw8ra-mynT-fis), a. [L. queri-
monia complaint, fr. queri to complain.] Complaining.
Qne'dst (kwS'rTst), n. [See Quebt.] One who in-
quires, or asks questions. [grinding grain. I
Qnem (kw8m), n. [AS. eweom.'} Handmill fnr|
Qner^-lOllS (kwSr^-lfis), a. [L. quendut^ f r. queH
to complain.] 1. Apt to find fault. 2. Fretful ; whin-
ing. — Qneini-loiis-iy, a<fv. — QQerM-loiis-iMM, n.
Syn.— Complaining; whining; murmuring; dissatisfied.
Qne^ (kwS'ry), n. [L. quaere^ Imperative sing, of
qtiaerere to seek for, inouire.] 1. A question ; inquiry
to be answered or solved. 2. A doubt. 3. An interro<
gation point [?].«.i;. t. & i. To ask ; to doubt; to question.
Quest (kwffst), n. [OF. qtiestty fr. L. quaerere, quae-
situm^ to seek for, to ask.] 1. A seeking ; search ; pur-
suit. 2. Request ; solicitation. 3. Those who search,
taken collectively. 4. Inquest : Jury of inquest.
Question (kwSs'chOn), n. [F., fr. L. ouaeslia.'} 1.
An asking ; interrogation ; inquiry. 2. Discussion ; de-
bate ; objection ; doubt. 3. Investigation ; examination
under torture. 4. That which is asked ; query. 6. Sub-
ject of iuvestigntion or debate ; matter to be inquired into.
— r. /. & i. To ask : to dotibt.
Syn. — To Oubstion; Inquibb; Irtbbbooatb; ask;
catechise ; doubt ; controvert ; dispute. — To inmtire Is
mf'rely to ask for information, and implies no authority
in the one who asks. To interrogate is to put repeated
questions in a systematic fashion to elicit particular facta.
To question often implies an attitude of distrust or opposi-
tion on ttie part of the questioner.
fim, recent, 6rb| ri|de, f ^, ttm, food, f<A>t, oat, oil, oliair, go, sins, iQk, then, thin.
QUESTIONABLE
458
QUIRE
QnMHon-a-ble (kwSa'chtin-i-b'l), a. Liable to aoM-
tioQ ; subject to be doubted ; problematical ; Buspicious.
Syn. — Disputable ; debi^ble : doubtful ; sunMcioua.
QaeS'tiOII-erf n. Cue wiio questiuua.
Qnos'tor (,-t5r), n. [L. quaestoTy contr. fr. qxtaetitor^
it, quaerere^ qiuusUum.l A Roman receirer of taxes,
tribute, etc. ; treasurer. [Written also qufpstor.']
I (ku), n. [F. See Cus.] (a) A taU-fike ap-
pendage of hair ; pigtail. (6) Line of persons waiting.
QullKUe (kwlbn?l), n. [Prob. fr. guip.'\ 1. A shift
or turn from the point in question ; erasiou ; cavil. 2. A
pun ; low conceit. ^ v. i, 1. To trifle in argument ; to
equivocate. 2. To pun. — Qnib^der, n.
Syn. — To cavQ ; shuffle ; equivocate ; trifle.
(nilok (kwTk), a. [AS. ctcic living; akin to L. Hnu
living, Gr.^MK life.] 1. Alive ; animate. 2. Sprightly;
ready. 3. Speedy ; swift. 4. Impatient ; eager ; sharp.
6. Fresh; bracing; keen. 6. Sensitive; perceptive;
ready. 7. r regnant, ^at/v. Quickly ; promptly ; without
delay.^ n. 1. That which is quick, or alive ; hawthorn, or
other hedge plant. 2. The life ; viul part ; sensitive living
flesh ; part of a finger or toe to which the nail is attached.
Syn. — Speedy : swift ; rapid : hasty ; prompt ; ready ;
active ; brisk : nimble ; alert ; lively ; sprightly.
Qnlok'eil (kwTk"n), v. /. [AS. cwictan.] 1. To
make alive; to revive or resuscitate; to stimulate.
2. To make lively, active, or sprightly; to hasten.—
v,L 1. To come to life ; to exhibit signs of life. 2. To
move rapidly ; to become accelerated. — Qulok'MI-er, n.
Syn. — To revive ; sharpen ; expedite ; dispatch : speed.
QnlckOlllM' (-limOt n. Unalacked lime, which de-
velops great heat when wet.
Quickly, adv. Speedily ; soon ; without delay.
gniok'BeMh n. 1. Activitv ; briskness ; speed. 2.
Acute perception ; keen sensibility. 3. Pungency.
Syn. — Velocity ; haste ; agility ; sagacity ; iSirewdness.
Qnlok'sand' (-sXnd^), n. Sand readily yielding to
pressure ; deep mass of moving sand mixed with water,
very dangerous to one who begins sinking into it.
Qaiok'set' (-sSt^), ». Plant set to grow, esp. when
set for a hedge; hawthorn. ^ a. Ifade of quickset.^
V. t. To plant with living shrubs or trees for a hedge.
llok'all'yer (-sTl^vSr), n. The metal mercury.
llck'Step' (-stSpOf n. A lively march or dance.
■ V-inrted (-wlt'tfid), a. Having ready wit.
_ (kwTd), n. Piece suitable to be chewed ; cud.
^ V6l-tf (-dT-ty), n. [LL. quidditas, fr. L. quid
what, neut. of qui* who.] 1. The essence of a thing ;
that which answers the question, Quid est t What is it ?
2. A trifling nicety ; cavil ; quibble.
Qnid'niUIC (-nttQk), n. [L., what now ?] One carious
to know everything that passes ; a gossip.
Qni-Moe' (kwt-^s'), v. i. [L. quiescere^ akin to quiet
quiet.] To be silent, as a letter ; to have no sound.
Qvt-es'OMlt (-Mnt), a. 1. Being in a state of repose ;
at rest ; still. 2. Not hi action ; quiet ; dormant. 3.
Not sounded ; silent. — Qnl-M'oeOM, Qni-M'Mll-oy, n.
Qlli'et (kwi'gt), a. [L. quiehut^ p. p. of quiescere.]
1. In a state of rest or calm ; still. 2. Free from noise
or disturbance ; hushed. 3. Not excited or anxious ;
calm ; placid. 4. Not giving ofTense or trouble ; gentle ;
contented. 6. Not showy ; undemonstrative.
Syn. — Still: trannuil; calm; smooth; unmolested;
placid ; peaceful ; mild ; meek ; contented.
^ ». [L. 7mjW, -f /»>.] 1. The being quiet, or in repose.
2. Freedom from disturbance ; peace. ^ r. t. 1. To stop
motion in ; to still. 2. To calm ; to tmnquillise. ^ r. t.
To become still, silent, or calm. — Qlll'0t-«r, n. — Qnl'-
eMy, adv. — Qiit'0t-neM, Qnl'e-tiide, n.
Qm'0t-ism, n. 1. Peace or tranquillity of mind ; in-
action. 2. System of the Quietists, who maintained that
religion consists in withdrawing the mind from worldly
intercnts and in contemplation of God. — Qai'et-lst, n.
Qlll-e't118 (-S't&fl^, n. [L., at rest, de&d.] Final ac-
qulttanee, as from debt or obligation ; rest ; death.
Qolll (kwYI), n. [Of. Ir. euaie.'i 1. Large, strong
feather. 2. Pen made from a feather. 3. Spine at the
hedgehog or porcupine. 4. Tube of a must(»l instra-
ment. 6. Spindle, or spool, to wind thread upon. — r. /.
1. To plait in small cylindrical ridges, called quUlinga.
2. To wind (thread or yam) on a quUl.
Qnlllliig, n. A band of linen, mualin, etc., fluted or
plaited like a row of quills.
Quilt (kwTlt), n. [OP. ctiilte, L. culcita bed, mattress.]
Anything quilted ; quilted bed cover, or garment made
by putting wool, cotton, etc., between two clotlis and
stitching them together.— r./. 1. To stitch together at
frequent intervals (layers of cloth and wadding forming
a garment, comforter, etc.). 2. To wad (a garment).
3. To stitch ha patterns. —Qullt'er, n.
QuInM (kwTns), n. [OE. quynf, coin^ fr. L. Cydoni^u
2uInoe tree, Gr. iiiikw Kvimvtov a quince, fr. %vimpia.
!y donia, a city in Crete. ] A small tree and its acid fruit ,
uaed for marmalade, Jelly, etc.
Qutn'oimz (kwTn'kfinks), n. [L., fr. q%tinqKe fire -f
tmcui ounce.] An arrangement of things ^ ^
by fives in a square. — Qvin-omt'Clal ^ #
(-kttn'shal), a. "^ ^ -*•
II Qvinl-a (-T-A), n. [NL.] Quinine. f^
Qm'nilie (kwi'nin or kwT-nin' or kwT-
5n'), n. [F. (cf. Sp. quinina)^ fr. Sp.
quina Peruvian bark, fr. Peruv. irtw/r.
IV VKwrmn or swi-nin' or kwi- ^ ^
[F. (cf. Sp. quinina)^ fr. Sp. ^ ^
Quincunx.
quina^ bark.] An alkaloid extracted from
the bark of several species of cinchona ; a salt of this al-
kaloid, employed as a febrifuge.
Qnill'IIAt (kwTn'nSt), n. The California salmon.
Qnln'qiUI-SM'i-IIUI (-kwi-j^SoT-md), a. [L., fr. ^•a-
quagesimus fiftieth, quinquaginta fifty, quinque five.]
Fiftieth.
Qttlaqaagsslma Svnday, the Sunday SOdays before Easter ;
— called also Shrove Sunday.
QlllB-4IIUUl'g11-lar (-kwSQ'g4-lSr), o. [L. qriinquan-
gutus ; quinqtie 4~ ongulut angle.] Having 5 comers.
Qllia'aiie-foai-Att (-fSni-at), l a. IQuinque- -f- /oli-
Qnin'aii^foai-a'ttd (-S't«d), } < " ' ^ ' -
leaves or leaflets.
ate.] Having five
Qvin-qnenlli-al (-kwfin'nT-ol), a. [L. quinquennalis ;
quinque -f- annus year.] Occurring once in 5 years, or
at the end of every 5 years ; lasting 6 years.
Qnin'sy (-zf )t n. [Contr. fr. squinanet/^ F. esquinan-
cie^ L. cymmcAe, Gr. mtydyxn sore throat.] '-"
oftheth "
tion of the throat with inflammatory fever.
Qvjblt (kwTnt), n. [F. quinte^ fr. L. quintu* fifth,
quinque five.] A set or sequence of flve.
Quintal (kwTnOal), n. [F., fr. Sp. quintal. It. Ar.
qinfar a weight of 100 lbs.] 1. A hundredweight, 1 12 or
100 pounds. Cf . Cbmtal. 2. A metric measure of weight,
100,000 grams = 220.46 pounds avoirdupois.
Qvin-tea'aeilM (-tSa'sens), n. [F., fr. L. quinta es-
sentia flf th essence. ] 1. Orig. , the fifth or last and high-
est essence or power fan a natural body. 2. Pore or con-
centrated essence.
Qvin-tet' ) (-tStO. n. [It. quinteUo, dim. of auinto
Qvill-tette' ) fifth, fifth part^ f r. L. qnintus the fifth.]
A musical composition for 5 voices or instruments ; set of
6 persons who sing or play five-part music.
Qnintne (-til), n. [F. quintU asprct."} Aspect of
planets separated the 5th part of the sodiac, or 72°.
Qnin-tllllOII (-tTKyfin), n. [Formed fr. L. qnintus
fifth, after the analogy of miliion.Ji By French and
American notation, the cube of a million, or a unit with
18 ciphers annexed ; by English notation, the 5th power
of a million, or a unit with 30 ciphers annexed.
Qnintn-ple (-ttt-pl), a. [L. qutntuptex.] Multiplied
by 5 ; fivefold. —r. /. Tq^make 5 times as much or many.
many.
Qliip (kwtp), n. [Cf. W. chwip quick tum.] Sarcas-
tic turn or jest ; jibe. ^v. t. & i. To taunt ; to scoff.
Quire (kwlr), n. [OE. quair^ OF. qnayer, caver ^ V.
cahier^ book of loose sheets, quarter of a quire, iX. qua-
St. 8, 1, S, a, long ; li, «, I, ft, A, j^, short ; senate, «vent, tdea, Abey. finite, cAre. «rro, #«k, nH, fljwrt.
QUIRK
459
RACE
temtu HheeU of paper packed together, fr. L. quatemi
four each.] A collection of 24 sheets of paper.
Mik (kwSrk), n. [Cf. W. chwion to turn brUkly.]
1. Sudden tarn; ahift; quibble. 2. Smart retort.
iQutt (kwTt), a. [OE. & OF. quiie.^ ReleaMd from
obuffation, penal^, etc ; free ; clear ; acquitted. ^ r. /.
OF. quUer, fr. L. quietare to calm, fr. quietus quiet.]
.. To release from obligation, accueatiou, etc. ; to ab-
solve ; to acquit. 2. To discbarge (an obligation, claim,
or debt) ; to requite ; to repay. 3. To meet the cUims
upon (one's self) ; to conduct ; to acquit. 4. To have
done with ; to stop ; to leave ; to forsake. — r. •'. To go
away ; to stop doing a thing ; to cease.
8 jn. — To Qmr ; Lsatb ; relinquish ; resisn ; abandon ;
forsake ; surrender ; discharge : reauite. — Leore signifies
merely a departure ; quit imphes final abandonment.
QottOll' gXlM' (kwTch' gris'). [Prop., quick grass,
fr. lU vigorous growth, or tenacity of life. 1 A perennial
grass havinff long running rootstolks, by which it spreads
rapidly, mm becomes a troublesome weed.
OnifOlailll' (kwTfklimOt n. Relinquishment of a
claim. — V. t. To release a claim to.
QaMe (kwit), adv. [F. quUte discharged, free, clear.]
1. Completely ; wholly ; entirely ; totally ; perfectly.
2. Very ; very much ; considerably.
QnitYent' (kwTfrSnV), n. A rent reserved in grants
of land, bv payment of which the tenant is quit from
other service. [gation ; acquittance. I
Onlttaiioe (-t<ms), n. Discharge from a debt or obli- 1
QulT'er (kwIv'Jr), r. i. [Cf. Quavbb.] To shake or
move with tremulous motion ; to quake. ■— n. Tremor.
QniV'er, n. [OF. euivre, LL. eueurum. It. OHO.
chohhari quiver, receptacle.] Case for carrying arrows.
II Qui' ▼IVd' (k^ v8v'). [F. : qui who -f vive, prei*.
subj. of vivre to live.] Challenge of a French sentinel ;
— a-M-d like the Englisli challenge : ** Who comes there ? "
Qlllz-«tl0 (kwTks-dtTk), a. Like Don Quixote ; ro-
mantic to extravagance ; absurdly chivalrtc.
Qnll (kwTz), n. [Fr. a wager laid in Dublin that a
word of no meaning should puzzle the city in twenty-four
hours, whence quiz was chalked on all the walls, with
an effect that won the wager.] 1. A riddle or enigma ;
ridiculous hoax. 2. One who quizzes otliers. 3. An
odd or absurd fellow. 4. An exercise conducted as a
coaching or examination. [On/, U. S.'^^v. t..% 1. To
rizle ; to banter ; to mock with pretended seriousness.
To peer at ; to eye mockingly. 3. To instruct in or
by a quiz, or examination. [sportive.
Qllll^O-al (-zT-kal), a. Given to quizzing ; farcical ;
Quod (kwOd), n. [For quad, abbr. of quadrangle^
Jl quadrangle or court, as of a prison ; a priaon. [^Slang\
n QnodOi-lMt (kwBdlT-bSt), n. [L., what you please.]
A nice point ; subtilty ; debatable point.
Quoin (kwoin or koin), n. [See Con.] 1. Orig., a solid
exterior angle, as of a building ; .
one of the selected pieces of ma- |
terial making the comer. 2. ;
Wedgelike piece of stone, wood. 'c:,<^ ^i:
metal, etc., used to support and ii0,^
steady anything. ^^T
Quoit (kwoit or koit),i». [Cf. ^^
W. eoeten ouoit.] A flattened
ring-ahapea piece d iron, to be _^ _ . . , « • i.
pitehed itaiUed object in phiy ; 8»°n« ^""^i^o'rk
pi. game played with quoits.^
V. i. To throw quoits ; to play at quoits.
QvOB'dam (kwSn'dSm), a. [L., formerly.] Having
been formerly ; former ; sometime.
QllO'nim (kwS'rIim), n. [L., of whom. gen. pi. of qui
who, akin to E. irAo.] Such a number of the officers or
members of any body as may transact business.
QllOOa (-t4), n. [LL., fr. L. quota (ac pars), it. quot
how many.] A proportional part or share; proportion
assigned to each in a division.
Ouof a-lllo (kw5t'4-b*l), a. Worthy of behig quoted.
Qpo-tAtlOllCkw^-ti'Bh&n), n. 1. A quoting or citing.
2. That which is quoted ; part of a book or writing re-
peated or adduced as evidence or illustration. 3. Speci-
fication of the price of commodities.
QvotaUoa marks, two inverted commas plaoed at the
beginning, and two apostrophes at the end, of a passage
quoted from an author iu )iis own words.
QnotO (kw5t), V. t. [LL. quotare to divide into chap-
ters and verses. J 1. To cite (a passage from an author).
2. To name as the authority for a statement or opinion.
3. To name the current price of. — Quot'er, n.
Sjn. — To QuoTB ; Crra ; natne ; aaduce ; repeat. — To
rite was originally to call into court as a witness, etc., and
denotes bringing forward any thing or poraon as evi-
dence. Otiole ugnifles to reproduce another's words,
also to hidicate an appeal to some one as an authority.
Qnoth (kwSth or kwath), v. t. [AS. rrre^rrn.] Said ;
spoke ; uttered ; — used in the first and third persons in
the past tenses.
Qno-tldl-an (kwi-tYdOT-^m), a. [L. quotidianus, fr.
quotidie daily ; quotus how many -f dies day.] Occur-
ring or returning daily. — n. Anythhig returning daily ;
intermittent fever or ague which returns every day.
Qno'tlont (kwiVshent), n. [F., fr. L. quoties how
often, fr. quot how many.] The number resulting from
dividing one number by another, and showing how often
a less number is contained in a greater.
Qn-nn' (ky-rttnOt n. Koran.
R.
Rab'bet (riCybSt), v. t. [F. raboter to plane down,
robot a pUne.] 1. To cut a rabbet in. 2. To unite the
edges of (boards, etc.) in a rabbet joint.— n. Channel
or groove cut out of the edge or face of any body.
RubOll (-bi or -bT), n. [L., fr. Heb. rabl'l Master;
lord ; — Jewish title for a teacher or doctor of the law.
Rabllla (-4>Tn), n. [F.] Rabbi. -Rab-1llBlO (rSb-
bTu^Tk), Rab-Mnlo^ (-T-kal), a.
lUVUt (-bTt), n. [OE. rabet ; akin to OD. robbe.-\
Biuoll burrowing animal, resemblhig the hare.
RalllllO (-b'l), n. [Cf . D. rapalje, fr. rabbelen to chat-
ter.] Tumultuous crowd of vulgar, noisy people ; mob.
Rabid (-Td), a. [L. rabidus, fr. rabere to rave.] 1.
Furious; raging. 2. Extreme or fanatical in opinion.
3. AfTect4Hl with rafriW ; mad. 4. Pert, to hydrophobia.
— Rabid-ly, adv. — RaVldnoM, n. [»«««• I i
y RaHM-OS (ri'bT-Sz), n. Hydrophebia ; canine mad- 1 I
(rSk-k55n0t n. [F. raton, prop., a little
rat, fr. rat rat.] A North
American nocturnal car-
nivore allied to the bears,
but much smaller.
Raoo (ras), n. {OF.
ra'is, L. radix.! A root.
Raoo.n. [F. race; fr. ^ ^ L
OHO. r<^Vr line, akin to B. ■^^^^^.^^k f^
torite.] 1. Descendants of
a common ancestor ;
family, tribe, or nation, of
the same stock ; lineage ;
breed. 2. Peculiar taste,
as of wine ; characteristic
ness. I I flavor ; smack.
Rsocoon {Proryon lotor).
S jn. — Lineage ; line ; family ; breed ; progeny.
fSm, recent, 6rb, rude, f^ Am, food, fdbt, oat, oil, ehair, sOi BlnKi iQl^ then, thin.
RACE
460
RAFFLE
(rSs), n. [A8. rS* a rush, running.] 1. A
course ; progression. 2. Swift progress ; s ruuuing.
3. Contest of speed. 4. Career; course of life. 6.
BtroDg current of water, or channel for such a current.
^v. i. To run swiftly; to contend in a race.^r. /.
1. To drive at high speed. 2. To run a race with.
Baes horse, a horse bred or kept for running races. —
Eaos way, carnal for a current driving a water wbeeL
Ra-oenid' (rA-sSm^, n. [L. racemns bunch of berries
or grapes. ] A flower cluster with an elongated ^
axis and many one-flowered lateral pedicels.
Rao'e-mlfer-OIUI (rSs^t-mTfSr-fls), a. [L.
racemifer; raeemut -\-/erre to bear.] Bear-
ing racemes, as the currant.
Ra'ocr (wsSr), n. 1. One that races ; race
horse. 2. The American black snake.
n Ra'oUs (-kTs), n. [Or. po-x^Sy -x«k] [Writ-
ten also rhachis.\ Spine ; vertebral column.
11 Ra-Okitis (ri-ki'tls), n. [Gr. pnxlrtK (sc.
yo90f), fr. A<^X^<-] [Written also rtuichUis.'^
Lit., inflammation of the spine, but commonly
applied to the rickets.— Ra-ohltlo (-kTt^k), a.
Ra'd-nMS (ri'sT-nSH), n. The being racy ;
^^^ •5iP^*»""f ^•^r- lUccme.
IUdK(rIk),n. Arrack.
RAQk, n. [AS. hracca neck.] Neck and spine of a
lore quarter of veal or mutton.
RMk, n. [See WBacK.] A wreck ; destruction.
RMk, n. [IceL rek drift, motion, reka to drive.]
Thin, flying, broken clouds ; floating vapor in the sky.
RMk, V. i. To amble fast ; to pace ; — said of a horse,
^n. A fast amble. [ment.j
Back, v./. To draw off (wine) from the lees or sedi-,
Rack, n. [D. rek rack, rekken to stretch.] 1. Instru-
ment for stretching, retaining, or displaying, something ;
engine of torture, for stretching the bodv ; frame to hold
hay, grain, etc., supplied to beasts; frame fitted to a
wagon for carryhig hay, straw, etc. 2. A bar with teeth,
to work with those of a wheel, pinion, or worm, which
is to drive it or be driven
l^ it.— V.I. 1. To stretch
or strain ; to torture. 2.
To oppress by extortion.
Raok'er(rSk'Sr),n. 1.
One who racks. 2. A
horse with a racking gait. R«Jk and Pinion.
Raok'et, n. [F. raqueilf.] 1. A netted frame for
catching or strikhig a ball in tennis and similar games.
2. A variety of tennis ; — chiefly In pi. 3. A Csnadian
mowshoe. — r. /. To strike with h racket.
Rack'dt, n. [Oael. rncaid.'\ 1. Confused, clattering
noise ; din ; noisy talk or sport 2. A carouse. [SUmg]
— r. i. 1. To make a racket. 2. To frolic 3. To ca-
rouse. [5/ffw^] — Raok'et-M', n.
Radk'-rent' (-rSntO, n. Rent of the full annual value
of the tenement, or near it ; excessive rent. ^ r. i. To
sn^ect (a farm or tenant) to rack-rent.
Raok'-renter, n. 1. One subjected to paying rack-
rent. 2. One who exacts rack-rent.
||Ra'00ll'teiir'(r&'k8NaSr'), n. [F.] A relator.
Rao'quet (rSkHcfit), n. Racket, netted frame.
Ra'oy (rE'»y), a. [Fr. race tribe, family.] 1. Having
a strong flavor indicaUng origin ; fresh ; rich. 2. Peculiar
and piquant : fre«h and lively.
Srn. — Racy ; Smct ; spirited ; lively ; smart : piquant.
— Kncv refers nrtmarily to that peculiar flavor whicn cer-
tain wines derive from the soil in which the grapes were
grown ; and hence we *'all a style or production rncy when
It "smacks of the soil," or has uncommon natural fresh-
ness. Spicy* applied to style, refers to a pungency added
by art, seasoning the matti^r like a condiment.
Ra'dl-al (-dT-fll), a. LF] Pert, to radii or rays.
Ra'dl-anoe (-ons), \n. The being radiant ; vivid
Ra'dl-an-cy (-rtn-R|>, \ brightness.
Syn.— Luster; brilliancy; splendor; glare; glitter.
Ra'dl-ailt (ri'dT-ant), a. [L. radiant, -antu, p. pr. of
radiare to emit beams, fr. radius ray.] 1. Emitting or
proceeding as from a center ; radiating. 2. Emitthoff
rays of light or heat. 3. Beaming with vivaeity and
hminess. — Ra'dS-aut-ly, adv.
|lRa'tfl4t'U(-i^),n.p/. [NL.] A gnmp of inverte-
brates, having all the parts arranged radiaUy around tlie
vertical axis of the body.
Ra'dl-att (-St), V. i. [L. radiare^ -o/im, fr. radt^u.!
1. To emit rays; to be radiant ; toshine. 2. To proceed
in direct lines from a point or surface ; to issue in rays,
as light or heat. — v. I. To emit in rays. — a. 1. Hav.
ing rays; radiated. 2. Belonging to the Radiata.^11.
One of the Radhtta. — Ra'dl-a'tlon, n.
Ra'dl-a'tor, n. That which radiates or emits rays of
light or heat; a heating apparatua.
lUdl-oal (rSdT-kal), o. [F., fr. L. radicaJit baving
roots, f r. radix^ -did*, a root] 1. Pert to the root ; pro-
ceeding directly from the root 2. Pertaining to the or-
igin ; original ; fundamental ; thorough-going ; ex^«me.
3. (o) Pert to, or proceeding from, the root of a plant
(6) Proceeding from a stem which does not rise above the
ground. 4. ReUtingtotheroot of a word. 6. Pertain-
ing to a radix or mathemaUcal root.
Radical qoantlty, in algebra, a quantity to which tiie
radical sifini is prefixed ; quantity which Is not a perfect
power of the degree indicated by the radical sign ; a sard.
— Badieal sign, the sign V placed before any qoantity,
denoting that its root is to be extracted.
Syn. — Radical ; Ehtibb : primitive ; original ; natu-
ral ; underived ; fundaraentaL — Radical and entire are
frequently employed as interchangeable in describing
some marked alteration in the condition of things. A
radical cure, reform, etc, is one which goes to the root
of the thing hi question : and it is entire^ In the sense that,
by affecting the root, it affects in an appropriiOe degree
the entire l)ody nourished by the root ; but it may not be
entire in the sense of making a change complete in ^
nature, as well as in its extent
^n. 1. A primitive word ; root 2. One whoadvoeatee
radical changes in government or social institutions ; —
opp. to conservative. 3. (a) A characteristic, essential,
and fundamental constituent of any chemical compoond.
{b) A group of two or more atoms so linked that their
union implies certain properties, and are conveniently
regarded as a single atom; a residue. 4. A radical
quantity in algebra.
Radl-oal-lim, n. [Cf. F. radic
isme.] The being radical; political
social doctrines of radicals.
Radl-oal-ly, adv. At, or from, t
origin or root ; fundamentally.
Radl-cate (-kSt), v. t. To root;
plant firmly. — Rad'l-ca'tion, n.
Radl-COl (-aJH), n. Small branch o
root ; a rootlet.
Radl-Ole (-kU), n. [L. radicular dii
of radix, -did*.'} (a) Rudimentary stem
of a plant, from which the root is devel- Radicle. Seedling
oped downward; stem of the embrya $f Jr",'"''*'?".'":, "
(iTRootlet ; radicel. ^'«i« : ''*^}i
KaAlah (riWTsh),ii. [F. radU; fr. tt^d iSSl
L. radix.'} Pungent fleshy root of a cru- lets,
ciferous plant, eaten raw as a salad.
Ra'di-118 (ra'dT-fls), n. / pi. L. Rxnn (-1) ; E. RAonnsB
(-ttB-«z). [L., a stall, spoke of a wheel, ra- ^ — .^
.] 1. A right line drawn from the X^ X
>f a circle to the periphery; semi-f A
diuB, ray.l
center of .....
diameter. 2. Exterior bone of the forearm. I 1^ j
Ra'dlZ, n. [L.] 1. A primitive word Vy^ 1 /
from which spring other words; etymon. ^^*1--^
2. Fundamental number of any mathe- a Radius O).
matical syst3m ; base.
Raffle (Hif'f'l), n. [F. rafle, fr. rafler to carry or
sweep away.] A kind of lottery, in which several pei^
S, B, 1, 9, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, 0, ti sliort i •«><^* ^▼M^ <<^ ^^y* <^>^^ o^^ Knn, dUk, iiU, ftooL
RAPT
461
RAMROD
•ooi Mj, in alyvM. tht tiJim of tooMthing, and detor-
rniat IMT ohAQM which ahall hare it. —v. i. To easMre
Inaraffle. — 9. 1. To diapote of by a nifl».
Raft (rilt), n, [loal. rapir a,rafter.] 1. Float of logs,
boanUi etc 2. Indiacriminate coUectiou of people or
things. ISlangjU. S.^^v.t. Totnuuportoii,orin,araft.
BMWm (rklt/^r), n. [AS. rse/ter.) Orig., a rough
and heavy timber. Now, one of tiie tiiuber« of a roof.
Bis (rig), f». [0£. ragge^ prob. of Scand. origin.]
1. Tattered piece of clotn; thred; fragment. 2. pt.
I attire ; worn-out dreas. 3. A coarae kind of rock.
Rac'A-Blllfltll (rig^A-maCflu), »• [ Ragamoftn, name
of a demon in old mytteriea.] 1. A disreputable iellow.
2. One who wears ragged clothing. lCoUoq.'\
Bag« (raj), n. [F., fr. L. ntbi^^ it. rabere to rave.]
1. Violent excitement ; eager passion. 2. Wrath ; vio-
lent anger ; fury. 3. Subject of eager desire.
8yn. — Vehemence ; passion ; fury. See Axobs.
— V. iL 1. To be furious with anger. 2. To be violent
and tumultuous ; to act furiously. 3. To ravage.
Syn. — To storm ; fret ; chafe ; fume.
RaCgtd (rXg'gSd), a. 1. Rent into rags ; worn till
the texture Is broken. 2. Broken with rough edges;
janed. 3. Wearing tattered clothes. 4. Rough ; rugged.
— Rafgtd-ly, a<fv. — RaCged-nMS, n.
Rag'auui (-man), n. Dealer in rags. [seasoned, i
RjkgOlIt' (rA-g5&0,n. [F.] Hashed meat, stewed, and |
Ball (rSd), n. [IceL refS; akin to £. road.] 1. A
Sredatoi^ incursion ; inroad of mounted men ; foray.
'» Invasion for making arrests, seising property, etc. —
V. /. To make a raid upon or inta — Rald'er, n.
Ball (rO), n. [Akin to 8w. repel bar, bolt, O. riegeL-\
1. Bar of timber or metal extending from one support to
another, as in fences, balustradea, etc. 2. Bar of steel
or iron, fonning part of a railroad track ou which the
wheels roll. 3. Plank forming part of a ship's upper
works. ^«. /. To inclose with nuls or a railing.
Ball, n. [F. rate; akin to B. rattle.1 A limicoliue
game bird of America and Enrope.
Ball, V. i. [F. raiUer.l To use insolent language ; to
scoff. — Ball'flr, n. — Rafl'ins. «• & n.
Bafllng, n. 1. Barrier made of rails. 2. Rails in
general ; material for rails.
BaUOtr-y (riQISr-y or raK-), n. [F. raUlerie, fr.
raOlerA Pleasantry or slight satire ; banter.
BaUTOad' (ril'rSdO, ( n. Road consisting of parallel
Ball'Way (•wi'). ) iron or steel rails, used as
tracks for the wheels of vehicles.
Bal'OMlIt (ra'mmt), n. [Abbr. fr. arraimeni^ fr.
arraff.} Clothing in general ; garments.
Bain (rSn), n, [AS. regen.J Water falling from the
clouds, ^r. i, &t. To pour or shower down.
Satai gaags, instrument for measuring the fall of rain.
— Bala water, water fallen from the clouds in rain.
BalnlMW' i'W), n. [AS. regenboga.) Bow or arch
exhiMting, in concentric bands, the colors of the spec-
trum, aod formed by refraction and reflection of the
son's rays in drops of falling rain.
RalnT (-J)* «• [AS. regenlg.l Abounding with rain ;
wet ; showery. — Balnl-ness, n.
Balae (rSx), v. t. [IceL reita, causative of rUa to
rlse.J 1. To cause to rise ; to lift ; to bring to a higher
oondition, situation, or value ; to increase the strength
of ; to excite ; to heighten ; to elevate (the voice, temper-
ature, etc.) in degree according to some scale. 2. To set
up ; to make npriffht ; to awaken ; to recall from death ;
to give life to. 3. To cause to uise, grow up, or come
into being or to appear ; to originate, produce, cause, etc.
4. To cause to rise, as by the effect of leaven ; to make
(bread) light and spongy.
Sjn, — To lift ; exalt ; elevate ; erect ; originate ;
cause ; produce ; grow ; heighten ; aggravate ; excite.
BaPldn (ri'z'n), n. [F. ; L. racemtu cluster of grapes.]
A grape dried in the sun or by artificial heat.
llBaKaOB'Btf'(Tt/i«/ntO,o. [F.] Immgadvyrtoft.
atically, or according to nmssws or mUaots.
Balall, II Ba'SalAi^jii or rfi^jA), n. [Hind, r^'fi.] A
native prince ; landholder, llndia}
Baka (rSk), n. [AS. race.} An implement for col-
lecting hay, or other light things spread over a large sur-
face, or for smoothing the earth, ^v. t. 1. To collect
(iiay, etc.) with a rake. 2. To collect with laborious
industry ; to scrape together. 3. To pass a rake over ;
to scrape or clear off, or stir up (the soil). 4. To search
through ; to ransack. 6. To scrape or scratch across.
6. To enfilade. — r. i. 1. To scrape ; to search minute-
ly. 2. To pass violently or rapidly.
Baka, n. [Cf. diaL 8w. raka to reach.] Inclination
of anything from a perpendicular direction. — r. ^ To
incline from the perpendicular. — Bakiallt o.
Baka, n. [loel. reika to wander.] A looae, disor-
derly, vicious man ; debauchee ; rou& — Bak'lak, a.
Bally (riQiy), v.t&i. [OF. ralier, fr. L. pref. re-
-f- od -(- 'H^''« to bind.] To collect, and reduce to order ;
to reunite ; to recuperate, ^n. A rallying.
Bally, «.<.&<. {F.raiUer. See Rail, to scoff.] To
attack with raillery, in pleasantry, or with satire. — n.
Qood-humored raillery.
Sirn. — To banter: ridicule; satirise; deride: mock.
Bam (rSm), n. [AS. ramm^ rttm,} L Hale of the
aheep and allied animals. 2. (a) Aries, the sign of the
zodiac which ttie sun enten about March 21. (b) The oon-
ateUation Aries. 3. An engine of war used for butting
or battering ; iron beak attached to the prow of a steam
war vessel for cutting down the enemy's vessel. 4.
Plunger of a nile driver, steam hammer, hydraulic preas,
etc. — V. t. 1. To butt or strike against ; to thrust vio-
lently ; to cram. 2. To fill or compact by driving.
Bamllla (rkm'b'l), v. i, [Prov. S. rame to roam.]
1. To walk, ride, or sail, from place to place, without
determinate object ; to roam ; to wander. 2 To talk or
write aimlessly. — n. Excursion ; stroll. — Bamlllar, n,
Syn. — To rove ; roam ; wander : range ; atroU.
Bamla (4), n. [Fr. MaUy.] The grass-cloth plant ;
also, its fine, strong fll>er ; China grass ; rhea.
Baml-tt-ca'tton (-T-fT-ki'sIiOn), n. 1. a ramifying
or branching; development of offshoots from a stem.
2. Small branch from a main stock or channel. 3. A
division into principal and subordinate clsssos, heads, or
departments ; one of the subordinate parts.
tUml-fy (-fl), v.t.&i, [LL. ramificare^ fr. L. ramua
branch -f -ficare (in comp.) to make.] To divide into
branches or subdivisions.
Bamfmer, n. One that rams or drives.
Bamlnlall, a. Like a ram ; rank ; lascivious.
Ba-moae' (rA-mSs'), Ba'BlOlia (ri'miis), a. [L. ro-
mosust fr. ramus.'} Branched ; ramifying.
Bamp (rSmp), V. i. [F. ramper to creep, OF., to
climb.] 1. To spring; to bound; to frcdic; to romp.
2. To move by leaps ; to move swiftly or violently. 3. To
climb, as a plant, ^n. A leap ; roilng.
Bamp'age (rSmp^j ; 2), n. Violent behavior ; state
of excitement, passion, or debauchery. [Prov. or Low}
Bamp'ailt (-ant), a. [F. , p. pr. of ramper. } 1. Ramp-
i Qg ; leaping ; raging ; furious. 2. Ascending ; climbing ;
rank in growth ; exuberant. — Bamp'ail-oy. n.
Bam'part (rSm'pSrt), n. [OF. rempar^ fr. remparer
to fortify.] 1. That which defends from assault; de-
fense: bulwark. 2. Embankment of earth in a fortifica-
tion. ^ V. t. To protect with ramparts.
Sjm. — Rampabt ; Bulwabk ; fence ; secnrity ; guard.
— The rampart of a fortified place is the entire mun em-
bankment which surrounds ft. Bulwark is now applied
to outworks which project for the defense of the rampart^
or main work. Figuratively, rampart signifies that wUch
protects by walling out ; bulwark^ that which standa in
the forefront of danger, to meet and repel it.
Bam'rod' (-rOd''), n. Rod used In ramming home the
charge in a muzzle-loading firearm.
fim, recent, 6rb, r^de, f^U, Am, food, f<ft>t, out, oU, ohair, bo, sIok, iQk, then, thin.
RAMSHACKLE
462
RARERIPE
l'|]iao-kl«(rXm'ahik.kn),a. Loose ; oat of rapair.
tiIU'milS(ra'mlU),n.;/)/.RAJu(.uu). [L.] A branch.
Ran (rSn), imp. oi Huk.
II Ra'IU (rS'ui), n. [L., frog.] A genus of anurous
batrachians, including the comiuon frogs.
Ranoh (rinch), n. [See Rahcho.I Tract of land for
rearing horses, cattle, or sheep, j. Western U. SJ]
II Ran-Olie'ro (rln-chi'r^), n. [8p.l 1. A herdsman.
2. Occupant of a ranch or raucho. [Wettem U. S.'\
llRavohO (rln'ch^), n. [Bp., mess, mess room.]
1. A rude hut for herdsmen or farm laborers. 2. A large
grasing farm for horses and cattle; — disting. fr. m-
cienda^ a cultivated plantation. [Mexico & California'^
Ran'Old (-sTd), a. [L. ronotdfiu.] Havinff a rank
smell or taste ; musty. — lUn'Old-IIMS, lUn-efill-tT, n.
Rait'oar (rkQ'kSr), n. [Written also rancour.] [OF.
& L.] The deepest malignity or spite; malice; invet-
erate hatred. — Rail'oor-OIIS, a.
8yn. — Rakcor; ENMnr; hatred; ill will; malice;
spite; malignity. — Enmity and rancor both describe
hostile feeliugs ; but enmitu may be generous and open,
while ratwor implies enduring personal malice.
Rait'dOIII (rSn'dClm), n. [OC. & OF. randon force,
rapidity.] Roving motion ; want of direction or method.
— a. Ooiiw by chance ; haphasard.
RjUlf (ring), imp. of Rnio, r. /. & i.
RjUlge (rauj), V. t. [OF. rengier ; rmc row, rank.]
1. To set in a row, or in rows ; to rank. 2. To |dace (an
individual) among others in a line or order, as in the ranks
of an army ; — usually, redexively, to espmise a cause,
to Join a party, etc. 3. To arrange regularly. 4. To
rove over or through ; to pass parallel to or near. — r. «.
1. To rove at large ; to wander ; to roam. 2. To change
withhi limits ; to be capable of projecting, or admit of
being projected. 3. To admit of arrangement or classi-
fication ; to rank. 4. To correspond in direction. 6. To
be native to, or live in, a certain region.
Syn. — To rove ; roam ; ramble ; wander ; stroll.
— n. 1. A series of things in a line ; row ; rank. 2. An
order; class. 3. A cooking stove. 4. A wandering;
region in which cattle or sheep may pasture. 6. Reach ;
scope. 6. Region within which a plant or animal natu-
rally lives. 7. (a) Horizontal distance to which a shot is
carried. (6) Place where shooting is practiced. 8. Row
of townshifM lying between meridian lines six miles apart.
Ran'(«r (rSn'jer), n. 1. A rover. 2. Dog that beaU
the ground in search of game. 3. Mounted soldier who
ranges over the country. 4. Keeper of a public park.
OKBM. (rSnk), a. [AS. ranc strong, proud.] 1. Luxu-
riant in growth ; exuberant. 2. Violent ; gross. 3. Caus-
ing vigorous growth ; very fertile. 4. Strong-scented ;
musty. — Rankly, adv. — Railk'kltM, n.
Rank, n. [F. rang, fr. OHO. hring circle.] 1. A
row or line; range; order; tier. 2. lane of soldiers
ranged side by side ; — opp. to file. 3. Grade of official
standing. 4. An aggregate of individuals classed to-
S ether; permanent social class; order. 6. Decree of
ignity or excellence ; station ; grade. 6. Elevated
standing ; eminence. ^ r. t. 1. To place abreast, or in
a line. 2. To range In a particular class, order, or divi-
sion ; to classify. 3. To outrank. [ U. S.\ — v. i. 1. To
be ranged ; to be set in a particular degree, class, order,
or division. 2. To have a certain degree of esteem or
consideration.
Ranlde (rSnniM). r. %. l. To become, or be, rank ;
to be int1ame<1 ; to f enter. 2- To cause a sore.
Ran'sack (rSn'aSk), V. t. [Icel. rannsaka to explore.]
1. To search thoroughly. 2. To plunder.
Ran'aom (-attm), n. [OF. ran^on^ L. redemption fr.
reditnere to redeem.] 1. Release of a captive, or of
captured property, by payment of a consideration. 2.
Payment for freedom ; penaltv. — v. t. To redeem by
pa^ng a price ; to deliver. — Iiail'B01ll-«r, n.
Rant (rSnt), V. i. [OD. ranten to dote, to be enraged.]
To rave In violent or extravagant language ; to be |x»isy
and bombastic in talk or declainaticMi. — f». Boisterooa,
empty declamation ; bombast. — RanfflT, n.
Ra-nnn'oa-lllS (ri-nHQnttt-lIls), ». [L., little frog,
medicinal plant, dim. of rana frog.] A genus of herbs,
including crowfoot, buttercups, etc.
Rap (rftp), n. Skehi coutaiuiug 120 yards of yanti
Rap, r. i. &. t. [Akin to Bw. raopa to strike, mpp
stroke.] To strike sharply.— n. Smart blow; knock.
Rap, V. t. [Akin to D. rapen to snatch ; confused with
L. rapere to seise.] 1. To snatch away. 2. To bear
away (the mind or thoughts) ; to transport with rapture.
Ra-pa'OtollS (ri-pi'shlLi), a. [L. rapax^ -paeit, fr.
rapere.} 1. Given to plunder. 2. Subaisting on prey.
3. Avaricious ; ffrasplng. — Ra-pa'OiOIIS-ly, adv. — Ra-
pa'oioiis-nesa, Ra-paoi-ty {-pUri'tf), n.
8711. — Greedy ; grasping : ravenous ; voradooa.
Riapa (rip), N. IV. tdpe grape staU.] 1. Fruit, as
grapes, plucked from the cluster. 2. Refuse stems and
akins of grapes after wiue making.
Rasa, n. [Akin to rap to snatch.] 1. A seising and
carrying away by force ; robbery. 2. Sexual coonectiou
with a woDum without her consent. ^ r. /. To ravish.
Rapa, n. [L. rapa.'\ A plant of the turnip kind,
whose seeds afford rape oil, and food for cage birds.
Rapid (rSp^d), a. [L. rapid ut^ it. rapere to seize
and hurry away.] 1. Very swift or quick ; fast. 2. Ad-
vancing hastily ; in quick sequence. 3. Quick in execu-
tion. ^ n. I^rt of a river where the current moves
swiftly, but without actual waterfall. — Rapld-ly, adr.
-Rap^-naaa, Ra-pldl-ty (ri-pTdT-ti^). n.
8yn. — Haste ; speed ; celerity ; velocity ; agility.
Ra'pi-ar (r£'pT-8r), fi. [F. rapih^] A straight,
pointed sword, for thrusting.
Raplna (rSp^n), n. [P. ; L. mpitUL, fr. rapere."] A
plundering; spoliation ; pillage.
Rap-pae' (-piQ. *•• [F. rhpi.} Pungent snnff.
RapTWt n- One that raps ; knocker of a door.
Rapt (rSpt), imp. & p. p. of Rap, to snatch away.^
a. 1. Snatched away; hurried along. 2. Transported
with love, delight, etc. 3. Wholly engrossed.
llRap^CWaCrip-tC'rSi), n.p/. [ U, fr. ropere.] The
Accipitres, or raptorial birds.
Rap-tCrl^a (-rl-fll), rt. (a)Ra.
pacious; living upon prey. (6)
Adapted for seising pray; — saia
of the legs, daws, etc., of insects,
birds, and other animals, (r) PerL
to the Raptores. See nitut. (/ ) of '
Avss.
Rap'tnra (-tftr ; 40), n. [L. m-
perej raptum.] A being rapt, or
carried away from one^s self by
agreeable excitement ; extreme joy
or pleasure. ~ Raptor-ona, a.
Syn. —Bliss ; ecstasy ; transport ;
delight; exultation.
Rara(rtr),a. [AS. Ar«r.] Nearly
raw; undone.
Rara, a. [F., fr. L. rariM thin, nre.1 1. Not fre-
quent ; seldom occurring ; unusual. 2. Of an uncom-
mon natura ; unusually excellent. 3. Thinly scattered ;
dispersed. 4. Of loose textnro ; not thick or dense ;
thin. — Raraly, adv. — Rara'naaa, n.
Syn. — Rarb : Scahck : infrequent ; unusual : uncom-
mon ; singular : extraordinary ; incomparable. - We call a
thing rare when but few examples of ft are ever to be met
with : scarce^ when, though usually abundant, it is for the
time being to be liod only in diminislied quantitiea.
Rar'a-fy (r«r^-fi), r. /. [F. rarffier; L. ram* -f- -/-
carf (in comp.) to make.] To make rare, thin, porous,
or less dense ; — opp. to condense. ^ r. i. To become less
dense ; to become thin and porous. — Rai'a-fl'a-Ua, a. —
Rar'a-faotion, n.
Rara'llpa' (rtr'rip'), a. [Rare eariy -f- ripe.] Early
Rspton^
Head and Foot of
ktiuea plumbeu.
r.. <>, I, o, O, long ; a, a, 1, 5f a, f • short { senate, a vent, tdea, ftbey, finite, eAte, lUm, Ask, nil, ftn«l.
RARITY
463
RAVAGER
ripe ; ripe before others, or before the vusaal season. — n.
An early ripening fruit, esp. a kind of freeetoue peach.
Rail-ty (rfira.tj^), n. [L. rarUtu.-l 1. The being
rare ; rareness ; thinness ; — opp. to density. 2. An un-
common thing ; thing Talued for its scarcity.
Raa^oal (riyical), n. [OF. rtueaUle rabble, rubbish.]
A mean, trickish fellow ; scoundrel, —a. Low : mean ;
base. — lUui'oal-ly, a, -BM-CWl'i-ty (kU'Ttj^), n.
IU>-cal11on (-kSyytln), n. A low, mean wretch.
Bjum (rib), V. /. [F. raser^ LL. ratare to scrape often,
f req. f r. L. raderCj ratumy to scrape.] 1. To rub out ;
to erase. 2. To lerel with the ground ; to rase.
Sjn. — To erase ; efface ; obliterate ; subvert ; ruin.
Rash (r&ili), n. [OF. raache scurf, fr. L. radere^
rtutum. to scratch.] A fine eruption on the body.
BBMn, a. [Cf. I>ac & Bw. raskf D. & O. rngch quick.]
1. Orerfaasty in counsel or action; precipitate; — opp.
to prudent. 2. Uttered or undertakii vwta too little
reflection. — RaBhly, adv. — Raall'Xieu, n.
Syn.— Rash : Advxntuboub ; Foolhaedy ; precipitate ;
headlong ; heedless ; careless ; unwary. — A man is ad-
venturofis who incurs risk from a love of the arduous and
the bold ; ra«A, if he does it from mere impulse of his feel-
ings, without counting the cost ; foolhardy ^ if he throws
himself into danger in disregard of the consequences.
Riah'er, n. 1. A thiu slice of bacon. 2. A Califor-
nia rockflsh.
jRa-flO'tWI (ri-iS'rez),
n. pi. [NL., fr. L. raderey
ramm.'] An order of birds ;
Oalliu#. — Ra-so^-al, a.
Rasp (r4»p), r. t. [OF.
rasper to scrape, grate,
rasp, fr. OHO. ra*pbn to
scrape together, to collect.]
1. To rub or grate with a
rasp or rough file. 2. To
grate harslily upon ; to of-
fend by rough treatment or
laugua^.^n. A coarse
file, with distinct cutting
prominences.
RaBp'b«r-r7(rSz'.
b8r-ry),n. [Fr. E. rtwp, fr.
the apparent roughness of
the fruit.] Thimble-shap<>d
fruit of certain brambles;
•hrtib bearing this fruit.
Ra'Svre (rS'zhfir; 40), Basorial Birds.
n. [L. ra#ura, fr. radere, ^^^ .^^ Foot: a a of Qallut
romrn.] 1. A rasing, scrap- fcajUr»ra ; 6ft of Common Pheaiu
ing, or erasing ; erasure, snt ; cc of Wild Turkey ; d d
2. Mark by which a letter <>' Ptarmigan.
or part of a writhig or print is obliterated.
Rat (rSt), n. [AS. rttt. ] 1. A small rodent of the mouse
kind. 2. One who deserts his party or associates ; one
who works for lower wages than those prescribed by a
trades union. [Cnnf] — v. t. 1. To desert one's party
or associates. 2. To kill rats.
Rat'a-lde (rSf &-bn), a. 1. Capable of being rated, or
set at a certain value. 2. Liable to taxation. 3. Made
at a proportionate rate. — Rat'a-Uy, adv.
Rata-fl'a (r«t/A-f?'A), ». [F., fr. Malay arak arrack
4- tSfia spirit distilled from molasses.] A spirituous
liquor flavored with kernels of cherries, apricots, peaches,
etc. [Written also ratifia and ralnffe.']
RatOh (rSch), RatOh'et (-«t), n. [Akin to rack : cf.
F. rochet. '\ A pawl, click, or detent, for holding or pro-
pelling a ratcliet wheel, etc.
Ratehst wheel, a circular wheel having teeth, with which
1 engages to turn thi "
or a stationary pawl to iioul
a reciprocating pawl eng
ges to turn the wiieel forward,
- , . Id it from turning backward.
Rat* (rat), r. /. & i. [8w. rata to blame.] To scold.
Rata, n. [OF., fr. L. rata (»c. parx\ fr. ratM^ p. p. of
reri to reckon, calculate.] 1. Established portion ; fixed
allowance. 2. Measure or criterion ; degree ; ratio, d.
Valuation; charge. 4. Tax assessed on property.— v. t.
1. To set a certain estimate on. 2. To assess for pay-
ment of a tax. 3. To settle the relative scale, rank, viUue,
etc., of. — V. i. To be aet in a class.
8yn. — To value ; appraise ; estimate ; reckon.
Rath'er (rSth'Sr), adv. [AS. hrador^ compar. of hraife
immediately.] 1. More readily or willingly ; preferably.
2. On the other hand. 3. More likely than ; somewhat.
Ratl-fy (r«ta-n), v. t. [F. ratifier, fr. L. ratus firm
-{- -Jlcare (in comp.) to make.] To approve ; to estab-
lish ; to settle. — Ratl-fl'er, n. - Ratl-fl-oallon, n.
Ra'tl-0 (rS'ahT-* or ra'shft), n. [L., fr. reH, rattts, to
reckon.] 1. Belaticm of one quantity or magnitude to
another. 2. Rate ; proportion ; quota.
Ra'tl-OOl-liata (rtoh't-Sal-nat), v. i. [L. ratiocinari^
-natus^ fr. ratio reason.] To reason ; to argue.
Ra'tl-OO^l-na'tton, n. Deductive reasoning.
RaOion (ri'shttn or riUh'lin), n. [F., fr. L. ra/io.] A
fixed daily allowance of food, etc.
Ratlon-al (rSsh1in-<il), a. [L. rationalu.\^ 1. Re-
lating to the reason ; not physical ; mental. 2. "Endowed
with reason or understandiug. 3. Agreeable to reason ;
not absurd, foolish, fanciful, etc. ; wi^e ; judicious.
Rational qvaatity, an algebraic quantity that can be ex-
pressed without the use of a radical sign, or in exact parts
of unity ; — opp. to irrational or radical quantity,
Hyn. — Rational ; Rbason able ; sane ; sound ; wise ;
judicious. — Rational refers to reason as a faculty of the
mind, and is opposed to trrational ; reasonable refers to
the exercise of this faculty for practical purposes, and
means, governed or directed by reason.
Ra'tion-ale (-alt), n. [L., neut. of ra/i(ma/i«.] Ex-
planation of the principles of some opinion, action, etc. ;
the principles themselves.
Ratton-al-lam (-al-Tz'm), n. 1. Theological system
of those who deduce opinions from reason, as distinct
from revelation. 2. Philosophical system that makes
rational power the ultimate test of truth ; — opp. to sen-
sualism^ or sensationcdismy and Empiricism. — Ra'tlon-
al-l8t, n. -Ra'tion-al-ia'tlo, Ra'tlon-al-ia'tlo-al, a.
Ra'tion-all-ty (-SlT-ty), n. The being rational ; rea-
son; due exercise of reason ; reasonableness.
Ratioil-al-lT, adv. In a rational manner.
RatOlnea \ (rStlTnz), n. pi. Small ropes crossing the
Ratlins t shrouds and forming the steps of a rope
ladder. [Written also rntlinggy and rattlings."]
RatB'baiia' (rSts'banO, n. Rat poison ; white arsenic.
Rat-tan' (rSt-tSnO, n. [Malay rOtan.] Slender, flex-
ible stem of several species of palms, used for walking
sticks, wickerwork, cordage, etc. [quilled or twilled.]
Rat-taen' (-tSu'), n. IF. ratine.'] Thick woolen stuff!
Rattan (ritt't'n), v. t. [Prov. E. ratten a rat, hence,
as a verb, to do mischief like a rat] To destroy or steal
tools used in one's employment.
Rattle (-t'l), r. i. [Akin to AS. hrsRtele a rattle.] .
1. To make a quick succession of sharp, inharmonious
noises, as by collision of hard bodies. 2. To clatter
with the voice; to chatter. [C0W07.] — r. /. 1. To
clatter. 2. To disconcert.— n. 1. Rapid succession of
sharp sounds. 2. Noisy, rapid talk. 3. Instrument
maldng a rattling sound. 4. A noisy, senseless talker.
RaftlO-snaka' (-snakO» n. A venomous American
snake, having a series of homy interlocking joints at the
end of the tail which rattle sharply when sliaken.
Rat-toon' (-t5&u')« n. [8p. retono.] Stem of sugar
cane of tiie second year's growth from the root, or lntf>r.
— v. i. To sprout from the root, as sugar cane from the
root of the previous yea^-'s planting.
Rau'OOns (rf^ncilB), a. [L. rauats.] Hoarse : harsh ;
rough. — Rau'oous-ly, adv. — Rau'ol-ty (-sT-ty), n.
Rav'age (rSvtj ; 2), n, [F., fr. L. rapere to ravish.]
Desolation by violence ; havoc ; waste. — v. t. To lay
waste ; to spoil ; to plunder. — Rav'a-gor, n.
8yn. — To despoil : pillage ; sack ; waste ; ruin.
fSm, recent, 6rb, rude, f^ Am, food, fdbt, out, oU, ebahr, so, ains, iQk, then, thin.
RAVE
464
REALISM
Rat* (riv), V. i. [F. river y L. rabere.\ 1. To wan-
der in mind ; to be delirious ; to be wild, xoriout, or ra-
ging. 2. To talk with ezceasiTe paaaion or excitement.
HAT'Al (r«v''l), V. t. [imp. & p. p. Ratblko (-'id) or
Ravxllbo; p. pr, & vb. n. Ratbliho or Ratkllimg.]
[OD. ravelen,^ 1. To undo the texture of ; to untwist ;
to disentangle. 2. To entangle ; to make intricate ; to in-
volve. ^v,u To become disentangled ; to be relieved of
intricacy. — Rav'Al-er, ». LAlso ravfUer.\
RaT«aiB (rftv^Tn), n. [F. ; cf. It. reveUino.'\ A de-
tached work in fortifications with two embanlnuents
which make a salient angle.
lU^TOn (rVv'n), n. [AS. Ara/n.] Large bird, of the
crow kind. ^ a. Of the raven's color ; jet black.
RtT'on (rav"n), n. [OF. ra ttne violence.] [Written
also ravin, and rartne.] 1. Rapine ; rapacity. 2. Prey;
idunder. — v. /. & t. To seize violently. — Rav'MI-er,
n. — Rav'Ml-Ing, n.Sia.-^ RftT'Ml-OllS, a. — Rav'tn-
ouhly, adv. — Rav'en-oiiB-neM, n.
Ra-YllM' (r4-v8u'), n. [F., place excavated by a tor-
rent, fr. ravir to tear away, L. rapere.'\ Deep and nar-
row hollow, usually worn by a torrent ; gorge.
IUtIbIi (rivash), V. t. [F. rtiHr, fr. L. rapere.^
1. To seise and carry away. 2. To transport with joy.
3. To rape. — RftTllll-er, n. — Rav'tsb-meilt, n.
Srn. — To transport ; delight ; violate ; deflour ; force.
Haw (ra^, a. TAS. hreaw ; akin to L. crudtis^ Gr.
Kpiat flesh. J 1. Not altered from its natural state ; not
cooked. 2. Unprepared for use ; unripe ; unpracticed ;
nnwronght. 3. l>eprived of skin ; galled ; sore. 4. Disa-
greeably damp or cold ; bleak. — n. A raw, sore, or galled
place ; sensitive spot —Rawly, adv.— RawlMMUh n.
RawOMIied' (-bQndO, a. Having little flesh on the
bones ; gaunt.
Rawlllde' (-hIdO, n. A cowhide, or coarse riding
whip, made of untanned (or raw) hide twisted.
Raj (ri), n. [OF. rai^ fr. L. radius beam or ray.]
1. One of a number of lines diverging from a common
center. 2. A radiating part of a flower or plant. 3.
Spine supporting the fin of a fish, arm of a starfish, etc.
■»«./.& i. To send forth (rays of light) ; to beam.
Ra7, n. [F. rat>, L. roia.] A fish of the order /?ai0,
including skates, torpedoes, sawfishes, sting rays, etc
Ray^eas, a. Destitute of rays ; dark ; blind.
I (riu), V. t. [F. rater. See Rask, r. <.] [Writ-
ten also row.] 1. To erase ; to obliterate. 2. To lay
level with the ground ; to destroy.
8yn. — To prostrate ; destroy ; ruin. Bee DmousR.
Ra-iee' (r4-«y), n. [F. vaisseau rasS. fr. raser to
raze, to cut down ships.] An armed ship having her
upper deck cut away, and thus reduced to the next in-
ferior rate. ^ v. I. To cut (a ship) down to a less num-
ber of decks ; to abridge by cutting off parts.
Ra'ior (rS'z^r), n. [LL. ragor.] 1. A keen-edged
knife for shaving hair. 2. Tusk of a wild boar.
Ra'zon (-zhDr ; 40), n. 1. An erasing or being ef-
faced. 2. An erasure ; change made by erasing.
Re (ri). [It.] Sylhible applied in solmization to the
second tone of the diatonic scale.
Reaoh (rSch), r. L [AS. rScan.'l 1. To extend ; to
stretch. 2. To pass to another ; to hand over. 3. To
touch, strike, grasp, etc. 4. To extend as far as. 6. To
come to; to gain. — v. <. 1. To stretch out the hand.
2. To strain after something; to make efforts. 3. To
extend in dimension, time, action, etc., so as to attain to,
or be equal to, something. 4. To sail on ttte wind, as
from one point of tacking to another, or with the wind
nearly abeam, ^n. 1. A stretching or extendin^r : power
of touching. 2. Force ; rapacity. 3. Extent ; stretch ;
scope. 4. Extended portion of land or water ; straight
portion of a stream, as from one turn to another.
Re-aot' (rS4(ktO, t*. /. To act or perform a second
time ; to do over again.
Re-aot', V. i. 1. To return an impulse or Impression ;
to resist the action of another body by an op^KMite fores.
2. To act upon each other ; to act in omxMition.
Re-aoHon (rMk'shiin), n. 1. Action resisting an-
other f oroe ; counter tendency or movemeoL 2. Mutual
or reciprocal action of chemical agents upon each other ;
chemiod change in such agents. 3. Physiological action
induced by rital resistance to some other action ; depres*
sion of vital force from overstimulation. 4. Bsdncard
tendency after a political revolution, reform, etc.
Ra-aotlon-a-17 C-i-i^)* <>• Causing or favoring re-
action. — n. One who tavors political reaction.
Read (rSd), V. t. limp. & p. p. Rbao (r«d) \ p.pr.St
vb. n. RsAODfo.] [AS. rSkian to read, advise, fr. rSd
counsel.] 1. To interpret ; to explain (a riddle, etc).
2. To go over (characters or words) and utter aloud, ot
recite to one*s self iuaudibly ; to peruse. 3. To oom-
rhend. 4. To discover, or learn by observation. ^ v. C
To perform the act of reading. 2. To study, or
learn, by reading. 3. To appear in writing or print ; to
ctmslst of certain words or characters. — Read'a-Ua, a.
Read (rSd), imp. & p. p. at Rxad. — a. Instructed
by reading ; versed In books ; learned.
Read'er (rSd'Sr), n. 1. One who reads. 2. Book
containing exercises in reading ; reading bocdK.
Readl-ly (rtdT-lj^), adv. l. in a raady
[uickly; promptly. 2. Cheerfully.
Readl-neaa, n. The being ready ;
[ingness.!
ion; will-|
Syn. — Quickness ; promptitude ; aptitude : knack ;
skill ; dexterity ; ease ; cheerfulness. See Facilitt.
Reiadlng (rSdlng), n. 1. Act of one who reads;
perusal ; matter to be read. 2. Study of bo<^ ; schc^ar-
ship. 3. A lecture; public recital. 4. Way in which
anything reads ; lection ; version. 6. Observation read
from the scale of a graduated instrument. — a. 1. Pert,
to reading ; used in reading. 2. Addicted to reading.
Re'adjiiat' (rS'id-jlist'), v. t. To adjust or settle
again ; to rearrange.
Re'ad-mlf (-mlf), «. t. To admit again. — Ra'ad-
mittanoe, Re^ad-mla'sioii (-mTsh'fin), n.
Read'y (rWy ), a. [Compar. Rbadibb (-T-8r) ; mperl.
Rbadisst.] [AS.rS<fe.] 1. Prepared, equipped, or sup-
plied with what is needed, or for immediate action. 2.
Fitted for immediate use; causing no delay. 3. Pre-
pared in mind ; not reluctant ; willing ; disposed. 4. Not
slow or hesitiUing ; quick in action or perception ; dex-
terous; ea^; expert. 6. Offering itself at once; at
hand; convenient. 6. On the point; about.— acfr. In
a state of preparation ; so as to need no delay.
S jn. — Expeditious ; unhesitating : apt: handy ; facile ;
M»y ; opportune ; prepared ; cheenuL See Pbompt.
Read^-mada' (-midO, a. Made already, or before-
hand, in anticipation of need ; not made to order.
Re-a'ffent (rt-a'j«nt), n. A substance capable of pro-
ducing with another a chemical reaction, to detect the
presence of other bodies ; a tmt.
Re'al (r^al), n. [8p., fr. real royal, L. regalu.'] A
small Spanish silver coin and money of account.
Re'al, a. [LL. realis, f r. L. re*, re«, a thing.] 1. Actu-
ally being or existing ; not fictitious or inuMfimuy. 2.
True ; gennine ; — opp. to oHentible. 3. In algelmu
having an assignable arithmetical value. 4. Pert, to
things fixed, permanent, or immovable, as to lands snd
tenements : — disting. f r. pertonal or movable property.
Syn. — Rial; Actual: true; genuine; authentic —
Real represents a thing to be a substantive existence ; ss,
a real^ not imaginary, occurrence. Actual refers to it as
acted or performed. Thus its reality is shown by its arte-
alitf/. Actiwl^ from this reference to being acted, has re-
cently received a new signification, namely, present; aa,
the actual posture of aiKairs.
Re'al-Unn, n. 1. (a) As opp. to nominalitm, the phfl-
osophical doctrine that genera and species are real thmgs,
existing independently of our conceptions. (6) As opp.
to idealism, the doctrine that in sense perception there
is an immediate cognition of the external object. 2. F)-
ft, S, 1, 5, 1i, long ;&,«,!, 5, A, f, short ; s«i6te, dvsnt, tdsa, dbey, Onite, oAre, ttnn, Ask, nU, fined.
REALIST
465
RECANTATION
dtUty, in art or Utarature, to real lifo ; adhervnoe to the
actual fact. —Rd'al-lst (rS'al-Tst), n. — Re'al-to'tiO, a.
B*Hai4F (rl-i(n-tj^), n. 1. The being real ; actual be-
ing oi existenoe of anything, diating. fr. mere appearance ;
fact. 2. That which ia real, or la not imagination, fiction,
or pretenae. 3. Realty.
wal'lM (rfi'al-ic), v. t. "L To make real ; to aocom-
^h. 2. To cause to aeem real ; to feel atroiigly. 3.
To convert into real property. 4. To acquire aa au actual
ppMOOoion ; to gain ; to get. 6. To convert into actual
money. — r. ». To convert property into money. — Rd'-
all'ia-ble, a. — R^^al-l-iA'tton, ».
Rai^al-ly, adv. in a real manner ; in truth.
Hiiolm (rSlm), n. [OF. reialme^ roialmf^ fr. L. re-
galii roval J 1. A royal jurisdiction or domain ; king-
dom. 2. Province; region; domain; department.
Re'al-ty (rS'nl-ty), n. [Contr. fr. reaiiiy.] (a) Im-
mobility, or the fixed, permanent nature of real property.
(6) Real estate ; piece of real property.
ReAm (rSm), n. [OP. mymeA A bundle, package,
or quantity of paper, usually of 20 quires or 480 sheets.
BMm, V. t. [Gf. O. raumen to clear away, fr. raum
room.] To eoUMrge, or dress out, as a hole in wood.
RMUni'er, n. Ows that reams ;,inatrument with cutting
or scraping edges, for enlarging a round hole.
R*4Ul'l-lliat« (rt- ..^
lua-mSt), v.t. To re- / . j
Tore-
store to animation or '
Reamer.
life ; to revive.
Re'an-iMZ' (rS'lu
nSkeO' ^' f' To annex again or anew ; to reunite.
Rmp (rSp), f . /. Jk i. [AS. rlpan to seize, reap.] 1.
To cut (grain) witli a sickle, scythe, or reaping machine ;
to gather (a harvest) by cutting. 2. To obtain ; to receive
as a reward or harvest, or as the fruit of labor or of works.
3. To clear of a crop by reaping. — Reap'er, n.
Re'ap-poar' (rS'Xp-pSrO, v. ». To appear again.
Rt^ap-psar'aaioe, n. Second or new appearance.
Bi^Mp-wOnX' (-pohitO, t'. /. To appoint agahu — Re'-
ftB-polllt'aiMlt« n.
ItMUr (rSr), n. [OF. Here behind, fr. L. retro.] 1.
Back or hindmost part ; — opp. to front. 2. Part of an
army or fleet behind the rest. — a. Hindmost.
Bear admiral, naval officer ranking below a vice admiral
and above a commodore. — Rear guard, division of an
army marching in the rear of the main body to protect it.
Rmt, r. t. [AS. rSran-l 1. To raise ; to hft up ; to
elevate. 2. To set up; to construct 3. To bring up to
maturity ; to instruct ; to foster. 4. To breed (cattle,
etc.). — V. i. To rise up on the hind legs ; to become erect.
Rear'vrard' (rSr'wftrdO, »• Rear guard.
RMT'Ward (-wSrd), a. A adv. At or toward the rear.
Rm'MII (rS^s^n), n. [F. raison, fr. L. ra/to, fr. reri^
ratuty to reckon, think.] 1. Thought or consideration in
support of an opinion : ground for a conclusion ; cause of
an occurrence. 2. Faculty distinguishing the human
mind from the intelligence of brutes : intuiuonal faculty.
3. Right judgment ; propriety; justice.
Syn. — Argument ; ground ; principle : sake ; account ;
object ; imrpose ; design. See Motive, Sbitsb.
«• r. i. 1. To deduce inferences from premises ; to reach
conclusions by systematic comparison of facts. 2. To
argue, ^r. t. 1. To examine by arguments ; to debate.
2. To persuade by argument. —Rea'MB-er, n.
Rerson-ft-llle, a. 1. Having the faculty of reason ;
rational. 2. Governed by reason ; just ; rational. 3.
Kot excessive or immoderate : within due limits ; proper.
— RM'aon-a-bU-neM, n. — RM'son-A-bly, ndv.
Syn.— Just ; fair ; moderate ; tolerable. See Ratioitai..
BtafSOn-ing, n. l. The adducing reasons. 2. Proofs
or reasons nrraneed and developed : cnurse of argument.
8jTi. — Rbasokino; Aboumxntatiok ; argument.—
JUfigoning is the broader term, including both deduction
and induction. Araumenfatifm denotes simply the for-
mer, and descends from tlie whole to some included part ;
while reasoning erobracea also the Uttar, and aaoeods
from the parte to a whole. See Imductioh. RmMoninq is
occupied with ideas and their relations ; arffumerUatum
baa to do with the forms of logic.
Re^U-MmnillO (rS'Ss-dSm'bU), r. I. & i. Toasaemblo
a second time, or sgaiu.
Re^aa-serf (-sSrt'), v. t. To assert anew ; to midntain
after an omission to do so. — Rd'ai-MrtlOII, n.
Re'U-Slire' (-4-shurOt v. t. 1. To assure anew ; to
restore confidence to. 2. To reinsure.
Re-lMtO' (rJ-b5f ), r. /. [F. rebattre ; pref. re- re- -f-
battre, L. batuere to beat, strike.] 1. To beat to obtuse-
nees ; to blunt. 2. To deduct from ; to make a discount
from (interest due, or customs duties). — n. Diminu-
tion ; alMttement. — Rt-lMtO'llimit, n.
Ra-lNlte',n. 1. Groove; rabbet. 2. Tool for polish-
ing wood. — r. t. To cut a relwte in.
HOl»eo (rS'ljfik), tt. [F., fr. It. ribeca, fr. Ar. roWSA.]
Old three-stringed musical instrument of the violin khid.
Reb'«l(r8b^),a. IJ.rebeUe. SeeRsBBL,r. «'.] Pert,
to rebels or rebellion ; rel>ellious. * n. One who rebels.
Sjrn. — Rebel ; Iksttboeht.— Insurgent markaan early,
toid rebel a more advanced, stage of oppoeition to govern-
ment. The former rises up against bis rolers, the latter
makes war upon them.
R^-bdl' (rt-WH'), r. i. [F. rebeUer, fr. L. rebellare to
make war again ; pref. re- again -f- bellare to make war,
fr. bellum war.] 1. To renounce, and resist by force,
the authority of one's ruler or government. 2. To revolt.
Re-bdlllOll (-yttn), n. 1. A rebelling ; renunciation of
one's government, and resistuioe to its officers and laws;
uprising of subjects to coerce or overthrow their lawful
ruler or government. 2. Defiance of lawful authority.
— Ra-berUons (yOs), a. — Ra-belOloiis-ly, adv.
Syn. — Sedition ; revolt ; mutiny. See Imsurjwction.
Re-boand' (-bound'), v. i. To bound or spring back ;
to be sent back by elastic force on striking another body.
^ r. t. To reverberate, ^n. A rebounding ; resilience.
Rt-bnfP (-bfif), n. [It ribuffo^ akin to ribnffare to
repulse ; pref. ri- (L. re-) -f- buffo puff. Cf. Butfet a
blow.] 1. Repercussion, or beating back ; quick realst-
ance. 2- Sudden check ; unexpected repulae. —v. /. To
beat back ; to repel violently or harshly.
Re-balU' (-blld'), f. /. To buUd again (something
demolished) ; to construct anew.
Re-bnka' (-buk'), v. t. [OF. rebougnier to dnll, blunt]
To check, silence, or put down, with reproof ; to admon-
ish, ^n. Directreproof; reprimand: punishment
Syn. — To chide ; check ; ulenoe. Bee Rbtbotb.
Relras (rS^fis), n. [L. rebus by things, abl. pi. of
res a thing.] A riddle representing words and phrases
by pictures of objects whose names resemble those words.
Re-bnt' (rJ-bOtO, *'. /. & i. [OF. rebouter ; pref. re-
4- bouier to thrust] 1. To beat back; to repulse.
2. To contradict or oppose by countervailing proof.
Re-bnt'tal, n. The giving evidence on the port of a
plaintiff to destroy the effect of evidence introduced by
the defendant in the same suit
Re-bnt'ter, n. Answer of a defendant in matter of
fact to a piaintifTs surrejoiuder.
R«-oal'Ol-trailt (-kU'sT-trant), a. [L. reealcitrans^ p.
pr. of recalcUrare to kick back ; pref. re- re- -\- ealz heel.]
Kicking back ; refractory.
Re-otl'oi-tnite, v.t.& i. To kick back, or against ;
to rebuff. —Re-otl'oi-tni'tloil, n.
R«-€aU' (-kfil'), V. t. 1. To call back : to summon to
return. 2. To revoke ; to annul by a subsequent act
3. To call back to mind ; to recollect. ^ n. 1. A calling
back ; revocation. 2. A coll on the trumpet, bugle, or
drum, to recall soldiers from duty, labor, etc.
Re-oant' (-klnf), r.t. & i. [L. reeantare^ -tatum^ to
recall, recant ; pref. re- re- -|- cnntare to sing, somid.]
To withdraw or repudiate (opinions formerly expr««sed) ;
to retract. — Re'cail-ta'tiOII. n.
Sy n. — To retract ; revoke ; disavow. See Rehouhcs.
fSm, rec«ot, 6rb, r^de, f ttll» Am, food« ftfbt. «nat oil, okair* ffo, aii&K, i||k« tkeoi tbla.
80 '
RECAPITULATE
466
RECLAIM
B^-ea-pira-latS (r^ki-pTt'A-lSt), r. /. & i. [L. reea-
pUtdarty 4atum; pref. re- -f- eauUulum small bead,
chapter, section.] To repeat (the principal points in a di»-
courae) ; to relate in brief ; to summarize. — R^^Oft-Dit'-
n-UtUm, n. — Re^oa-ptm-U-to-ry (-pTt'tt-iA-t«-ry)r«.
R«-oaptioa (-kIp'Bli&a), n. A retaking ; reprisal.
ReHtap^lire (-tfiu 40), n. 1. A retaking or recover-
ing by capture ; retaking of a prize or goods from a cap-
tor. 2. That which is captured back. — t*. t. To retake.
Re-«Mt' (-k4st0, V. t. 1. To throw again. 2. To
cast anew ; to throw into a new form ; to reconstruct.
3. To compute, or cast up, a second time.
Re-oade' (-aid'), r. i. [L. rfctderf,, -ce9*um ; pref.
re- -\- cedere to go.] 1. To move back ; to retreat ; to
withdraw. 2. To withdraw a claim or pretension.
8yn. — To retire ; retreat ; return ; withdraw ; desist.
ReHMde', V. t. [Pref. re- -f cede.] To cede back ; to
yield again to a former possessor.
Re-Ctlpf (-»5t'), n. rOP. rece/e, receple, f r. L. recijtere,
-cejMum^ to receive.] 1. A receiving ; reception. 2. A
formulary by which things are to be taken or combined ;
recipe. 3. A writing acknowledging the taking or re-
ceiving o^ goods delivered ; acknowledgment of money
paid. 4. That which is received ; that which comes in,
— disting. fr. what is expended, sent away, etc. ; — usu-
ally in /)/. — r. t. To give a receipt (for). [ceived. I
R«-0«iY'a-lll« (-hev'&-bM), a. Capable of being re-|
R«-0«iT»' (-*8v'), r. t. [OF. recrrrir, f r. L. reHftrre ;
{>ref. re- + capere to take.l 1. To take (something of-
ered, given, sent, paid, etc.) ; to accept. 2. To gain the
knowledge of.; to assent to ; to accept (an opinion, no-
tion, etc.) ; to embrace. 3. To allow (a custom, tradi-
tion, etc.). 4. To permit to enter (into one's house,
presence, company, etc. ). 6. To admit ; to hold ; to have
capacity for. 6. To suffer ; to be subjected to. — r. i. To
be at home to receive calls. — Ro-oelY'er, n.
Syn. — To Rbcbitb ; Accrpt : take ; allow ; hold ; re-
tain ; admit. — To receive describes simply the act of tak-
ing. To accept denotes the taking with approval, or for
the purposes for which a thing is offered.
Re'oen-oy (-sen-F>j^), n. Recentness.
Ro-oen'non (-sSi/shlin^, n. [L. recentio: pref. re-
-4- ceni^e to estimate.] 1. A reviewing or revising ; ex-
amination. 2. Review of a text by an editor ; revisal.
3. Text mtablished by critic^ revision ; edited version.
Re^oant (-sent), a. [L. recenn, -centix.] Of hite origin
or occurrence ; lately come ; not already known, fa-
miliar, worn out, trite, etc. ; fresh ; novel ; new. — Ra'-
oant-ly, adv. — Ra'oant-nesa, n.
Ra-oapta-<da (-88p't&-k'l), n. [F. r^cepfacle, L. recep-
taettlum, fr, receptare, v. intens. fr. recipere to receive.]
1. Place to receive things; repository. 2. (a) Apex of
a flower stalk, from which
organs of a tlower grow,
or into which they are in-
serted. Bee 1 1 lust, of
Flowkb, and Ovary, (b)
Dilated apex of a pedicel
serving as a common sup-
port to a head of flowers,
(c) An intercellular cavity
containing oil, resin, etc.
— Rac^ap-tao^-lar (r««/-
»p-t«k'tt-l?r), a.
Ra^Mp^-bla (rft-sSp'tT-
b'l), a. Such as may be re-
ceived ; receivable. — Ra-
oap'tl-Ml'l-ty, n.
Ra-oap'tloii, n. 1. A
receiving ; receipt ; admi^ion. 2. The being received.
3. Eiitertainn.ent ; ceremony of receiving gues«»}. 4.
Acceptance, as of an opinion or doctrine.
Ra-oap'tlTe, ft. Having the quality of receiving ; able
or inclined to take in, absorb, hold, or contain.
Rrcfplnclcs (lint.), h Rocepta-
ol«' of iMn'li'liiin. with a f»-w
■eedn remninin^ : fl Recepta-
cle of a Seaweed (Sarf/ntintm),
Mhowiuf^ aliH) a Leaf and two
Air VfMcle».
Ra-oaaa' (rt-sfis'), n. [L. reeestus^ f r. reeedcreA \, A
withdrawing ; retreat. 2. A being withdrawn ; •eclusion :
privacy. 3. Suspension of business; intermission. 4.
Part of a room formed by the receding of the wall ; niche.
— V. t. To make a recess in (a wall, etc.).
Ra-aaa'slon (-sBsh'tin), n . A receding or withdrawing.
Ra-oaa'SiOII, n. [Pref. re- -f ccMion.] JL ceding
back ; restoration ; repeated cession.
Ra-Obarga' (-chKrjO« «'• *• & t- 1. Tu charge or aooose
in return. 2. To attack anew.
Ra-Chartar (-chiir'tir), n. A second charter; re-
newal of a charter. — r. t. To charter aaev.
II Ra-ahardl^ (rr-ehftr'sliia a. [F.] Sought out
with care ; choice ; peculiar and refined in kind.
Rad-pa (rBs/T-pl), n. [L., imperative of recipere to
receive. j| Preacription for making some combination or
preparation of materials ; receipt for medicine.
Ra-Ot^-ant (rt-sTp^-^nt), ». [L. reeipiens, -entis^ re-
ceiving, p. pr. of recipere.} A receiver. — - a. Reeeivii^ ;
receptive. — Ra-olp'l-anoa, Ra-dpl-an-oy, *<.
Ra-OlF't«-aal(-rC-kal),a. [L. recipronu.} 1. Recur-
ring in vicissitude ; alternate. 2. Done bv each to the
other ; given and received ; mutual. 3. Mutually inter-
changeu)le. 4. Refleiiive. — ». 1. Tliat which is recip-
rocal to another thing. 2. Quotient arising from dividing
unity by any quantity. — Ra-cip'ro-cal-iiaas. Ra-ate'ra-
caldf-tF (-k«il-ty), w. — Ra-aip'r^^Ma-lT, adr.
Syn. — RsciPROCAL ; MtrruAL; alternate.- The distinc-
tive idea of mntua^ is, thnt tlie partiea unite by inter-
change in the same act ; of reciprocal, that one party acta
by way of return or response to something pievtously
done by the other party.
Ra-ClpTa-cata (-kit), r. t. [L. redprocare, -ro/ww.]
To move forward and backward alternately ; to act inter-
changeably ; to alternate. — r. /. To give and return
mutually ; to interchange. — Ra-CtpTa-catiDB, n.
Rac^l-]Hroc1-t7 (res'i-prSs^-tj^), n. 1. Mutual action
and reaction. 2. Reciprocal advantages or rights.
Re-al'BiOIl (r*-«Tzh'nn), ». [L. recifio, fr. rccidere,
-citum ; pref. re- -*- caedere to cut.] A cutting off.
Ra-dt'al (-sit'al), n. 1. A reciting ; rehearsaL 2. A
telling in detail ; narration. 3. Btory ; narrative.
Syn. — Recitation ; description ; detidl. See Accocirr.
Rao^l-ta'tlon (rfis'T-ta'shfin), n. 1. A reciting: re-
hearsal. 2. Public reading of something committed to
memory ; that which is recited.
Rao'l-U-tlva' (-t&-t8v'), n. [It. recitatiro.] Muaical
recitation in which the words are delivered as in ordinary
declamation ; piece of music for such recitation.
Ra^}lte' (r*-«it'), r. /. & i. [¥. rfciter, fr. L. recitare,
-tatum ; pref. re- + cUnre to call, to cite.] 1. To repeat
(something prepared, committed to memory, etc.). 2.
To go over in particulars; to relate. — Ra-alt'ar« n.
Syn. — To narrate ; recount : detail ; number ; count.
Rack (rSk), r. I. & i. [AS. reccan^ recan.} 1. To
care for ; to heed. 2. To conceni ; — used impersonally.
Rack^aaa, a. [AS. reccclaU.} 1. Iiutttentive to
duty ; careless ; indifferent. 2. Rashly ii«>gllgent ; utterly
heedless. — Racklaas-ly. ndr. — Raokaais-iiaaa, u.
Syn. —Thoughtless; regardless; remiss; rash.
Rack'On (rSk''n), r. /. [AS. geieceitian to explain.]
1. To count ; to enumerate ; to compute. 2. To estimate
by rank or quality ; to esteem ; to repute. 3. To attribute
to one, as having a certain quality or vnlue. 4. To think ;
to supix)8c. [Pror. Eng. & Colloq. ('. 5.]
Syn, — To number; compute; estimate; value; ea-
teem ; account ; repute. See Calculati, Guns,
-i-r. t. 1. To make an enumeration or eomputatioa.
2. To make up accounts ; to adjust. — Rack'CII-ar. »•
Rack'on-iliiE* f*- 1- A. computing or counting ; calcii>
lation ; settlement of liabilities, etc. 2. Charge made at
an inn. 3. Esteem ; estimation. 4. (a) Calculation of a
shin's position. (/>) Poaition of a ship as calculated.
R»-olalm' (rS-klam'), r. t. To claim back ; to de-
mand the retuni of ; to attempt to recover poanasion <^
fi, 8, 1, IS a, long ; 1^ 6, 1, 6, 0, ^, abort ; MD&te, «vent, tdea, ttbey, ttnite, c4re, llrm, dbk, ||]]» fioot
RECLAIM
467
RECOVERY
Ba-dallll' (rl-klSmO) ^' <• [F- ridamer, L. reclamarCy
'■maiumj to cry out against ; pref. re- -f- clamare to cry
akmd.] 1. To call back. 2. To reduce from a wild to a |
temed state. 3. To reduce to a desired state by labor, ,
cultivation, etc. 4. To call back to rectitude ; to reform.
Syn. — To reform ; recover ; restore ; amend ; correct. I
^v. L 1. To cry out In oppoaitiou ; to take exceptious.
8. To bring myone back from evil courses. — Rd-oialm'-
ft4il«, a. — RA-olAlm'Aiitt Re-olAlm'er, n.
Reola-ma'tlOll (rSk'U-mS'iih&u), n. 1. A reclaim-
ing. 2. Representation in opposition ; remonstrance. I
ROO^U-^urtloll (-IT-nS'sh&n), n. A leaning or reclining.
Rtt-cUllA' (rt-klinO« v, t. A i. [L. redinare; pref. re-
-f- elinare to lean, incline.] To lean, incline, rest, etc.
Re-OtllM^ (-klusOf <*' I'' ffclus^ fr. recluderf^ -clustim^
to unclose, in LL., to ^ut up.] Shut up; sequestered ;
retired from the world or from public notice ; solitary,
^n. One living in seclusion from the world, as a hermit
or monk.— Re-olnsoly, a(/i'. — Re-oluse'aess, R*-
Olll'lion (-kln'zhan), n. — Ro-olU'SlTe (-»Tv), a. |
RtO'C^-ni'tiOIl (rek-Sg-uTshllu), n. A recognizing, or
being recognised ; acknowledgment ; formal avowal. I
Rao'Og-lll'Ba-ble (r8k'Qg-iu'z&-b'l or rt-k5g'uT-), a.
Capable of being recognized. [Written also recognmiblf.'\
Re^OOS'sd-iailoe (r$-kSg'ni-zans or rl-k5nT-), n. [F.
reconnausancet fr. reconnailre^ L. rfcogiwscere ; pref.
re- -f- cognoscert to know.] [Written also recognimncf.'] ,
1. (a) Asx obligation of record entered into before some
court of record or authorized magistrate to do some par- i
ticular act {b) Verdict of a jury upon assize. 2. A i
token; symbol; badge. 3. Avowal; recognition. i
Re(/Og-lllze (rSk'Sg-niz), r. t. [Written also recog-
nUe.^ 1. To recollect. 2. To avow knowledge of ; to cou- '
sent to admitfliold, etc. 3. To acknowledge acquaintance
with, as by bowing, etc. 4. To show appreciation of. i
8yn.— To own; allow; concede. See Ackkowlbdob. ,
Rd-OOfBl-IM' (rft-k5g'nT-z6' or -k5n'T-), n. One in I
whose favor a recognizance is made. [Written also
reeognisee.^
Ric/Og-ai'Mr (rSk'Sg-nPzSr), n. One who rccog- |
nizes ; a recognizor. [Written also recomit>er.]
R^Ioog/nl-IOK^ (r#-k5g'nT>zdr' or -kWT-), n. One \
who enters into a recognizance. [Written also r«rof7n»JTor.]
Re-OQll' (-koil'), r. t. [F. reculer, fr. L. pref. re- + '
evlu* fundament.] 1. To start, roll, spring, or fall back ; {
to return. 2. To draw back, as from anythmg repugnant, |
alarming, etc. — n. 1. A falling back ; rebound ; shrink- |
ing. 2. Reaction of a firearm when discharged.
Ra'-OOl-leot' (ri'kSl-iekt'), v. t. To collect again ; to I
gather what has been scattered.
Roo'^-leot' (r«k'51-l»kt0, v. t. [L. reeotligere, -lee- \
tum^ to collect.] 1. To recover or recall knowledge of ; i
to remember. 2. To compose one's self.
RiO'Ol-laotioll, n. 1. A recollecting, or recalling to
memory. 2. Something called to mind.
Syn. — Reminiscence ; remembrance. See Memory.
Rt^OOm-msnoe' (rS'kSm-mfins'), V. i. & /. To com- i
mence again ; to begin anew. I
Roo^om-lllinid' (rek'5m-mSnd'), f. /. 1. To commend
to another's favorable notice, care, confidence, or ac-
ceptance; to bestow commendation on. 2. To attract '
favor to. 3. To commit ; to give in charge. — Rec'om-
fliMia'er, n. — Re</ominend'a-to-ry, a.
RM'Om-IIIMimA'tlOIl (-mSn-da'ahQn), n. 1. A rec-
ommending. 2. Anything tending to procure a favor-
able reception, acceptance, adoption, etc.
Rc^OOm-inlf (rS'kOm-mTt'), r. /. To commit again ; |
to give back into keeping ; to refer (a bill, etr.) again to
a committee. — Re'oom-mltlnent, Re'oom-mlt'Ul, n. I
Reo'Ollll-pMIM (rSk'Sm-pSns), r. /. [F. recompenarr, .
tc. L. pref. re- + compeiuare to compensate.] 1. To
reader an equivalent to, for service, loss, etc. ; to com-
pensate. 2. To atone for ; to pay for.
Syn. —To repay ; requite ; reward ; remunerate. I
— n. Equivalent returned for anything done, Buffered,
or given ; suitable return.
Syn. — Repayment ; compensation ; remuneration ;
amends ; aatisfaction ; reward ; requitaL
Rt^COm-p0S«' (r9^k5m-p5z'), v. t. 1. To compose
again ; to form anew ; to put together repeatedly. 2. To
restore to composure ; to tranquilize.
Reo'OII-oU«' (rgk'Bn-snO, »*. '• [F. rieoncilier, L.
reconciliare ; pref. re- -|- concUiare to unite. See Cou-
cuoATB.] 1. To cause to be friendly again ; to bring
back to liarmony. 2. To bring to acquiescence or submis-
siou. 3. To bring to agreement or suitableness. 4. To
adjust ; to setUe. — Roc'OII-Olle'lllMlt, n. — RtO'OII-el^-
ler (-siaSr), n. — Roc'oii-cl'la-ble, <i. — Rm'oii-cI'Ia-
Wj, adr. -RoO'On-oU'l-a-tO-nr (-sIlT-A-t8-ry), «.
»yn. — To reunite ; conciliate ; pacify ; appease.
RtC'on-cll'l-a'tiOll (-sTl^T-i'sh&n), n. 1. A reconcil-
ing, or being reconciled ; restoration to harmony ; re-
newal of friendship. 2. Reduction to consistency.
Syn. - Reconcilement ; reunion ; pacification ; appease-
ment ; propitiation ; atonement ; expiation.
Reo'on-dlte (Hlk'Sn-dit or rt-kSn'dTt), a. [L. recon-
dere, -dUumy to put up again, to conceal ; pref. re- -f-
contlere to bring or lay together.] 1. Hidden from men-
tal view. 2. Dealing in things abstruse ; profound.
Re-OOn'noto-MUUWHr^kOn'nTs-eKns), n. [F. See
Ro-OOn'nals-MUlce ) Recookizancb.] A reoonnoiter-
ing ; preliminary survey.
Reo^on-nol'ter ) (r6k^5n-noi't2r), r. t. [F. reconnoi-
Roo^on-llOi'tre f tre^ old spelling of reconnoitre. See
Rbcoohizakcb.] To make a preliminary examination ;
to survey with a view to military or engineering opera-
tions, [recover by conquest. I
Re-OOB'qiiar (re-k5nfk8r), r. /. To conquer again ; to|
Re^OOn-wA'er (rS^kOn-sTd'Sr), V. t. 1. To consider
again. 2. To take up for renewed consideration (a mat-
ter previously acted upon). — Re^COn-flld'er-A'tlOO, n.
Re^COm-Btniet' (-striikt'), r. /. To construct again ; to
form anew. — Re^con-StniO'tiini, n.
Re^oon-vey' ^'^*I)» *'• '• 1- ^^ convey back or to the
former place. 2. To transfer back to a former owner.
— Re^oon-Toy'anoe, n.
Re^MKd' (r«-k8rd'), v. t. [F. recorder, fr. L. recordari
to remember ; pref. re- -\- cor, cordis, heart or mind.]
To preserve memory of, by committing to writing, in-
scription, etc. ; to make note of ; to register ; to enroll.
Reo'ord (r«k'8rd}, n. [OF.] 1. A writing by which
something is recorded ; register. 2. Authentic copy of
a document, account, etc. 3. Testimony; attestation.
4. Monument; memorial.
Re^MKd'er (rMcdrd'Sr), n. 1. One who records.
2. Judicial officer of some cities and boroughs.
Re-oonnt' (re-kount^, t'. t. To count oc reckcm
again. — n. A counting again.
Re-oomif (r«-kounf ), V. t. [F. raconter to relate.]
To tell over ; to relate the particulars of ; to enumerate.
Re-OCmp' \ (-kSop'), v. t. [F. recouper; pref. re- -}-
Re-OOape' } couper to cut.] 1. To keep back right-
fully (a part), so as to diminish a sum due. 2. To get an
equivalent for. 3. To reimburse ; to indemnify.
Re-OOnne' (-kSrs'), n. [F. reconrs, L. recursujt. fr.
recurrere, -ciirsum, to nm back.] Recurrence in difB-
ciilty, need, etc. : application for aid ; resort.
Re-OOy'er (r5-kQv'§r), r. /. To cover again.
Re-COT'er (rS-knv'3r), r. t. [OF. rrcorrer, fr. L. re-
ctiperareA 1. To get or obtain again ; to win back ; to
regain. 2. To make up for ; to retrieve ; to repair the
loss of. 3. To restore from sickness, faintness, etc. ; to
cure ; to heaL 4. To rescue ; to deliver. 6. To gain as
a compensation ; to obtain in return for injury or debt ;
to obtain title to by judgment in a court of law. — ». i.
1. To regain health after sickness. 2. To succeed in a
lawsuit. — Re-oov'er-a-ble, a. — Re-oov'er-y, n.
Syn. — To regain ; resume ; retrieve ; heal ; cure.
fim, reo«nt, 6rb, r\^%, f^, Am, food, f<fbt, out, oil, ctuOr, yOf ^^Zi Mlk, then, tbia
RECREANCY
468
REDUCTIVE
BtorrMMt(Hni'it-a&t),a. [OF., cowMdW,] 1. Cry-
ingfor mercy ; yielding ; oowaraly ; oraren. 2. Apostate ;
anuithful. ^ n. One who yieku, and ben for mercy ;
cowardly wretcli. ~ RM^tV-AB-oy (-an-tf), n.
Rt'-On-ato' (rJ'krt-if ), f . t, [Pref. re- + create. "^
To create or form anew. — Re^-^re-Allon, n.
lUo'M-ate (riJk'rt-St), V. t. [L. recreare, -otum^ to
create anew, refresh ; pref. re- -f- create to create.] To
give f reah life to ; to retive ; refresh after toil or anxiety ;
to divert. — r. i. To take recreation. — Reo^r^-atkMl, n .
RMfrv-millt, n. [L. recrementum; pref. re- -\- cernere^
eretumf to separate, sift.] Superfluous matter separated
from that which is useful ; dross ; scoria.
R6-0llml-IIAt« (rt-krTmOr-uSt), r. «. A t. [Pref. re-
-f criminate.} To accuse in return. — R«-oilm1-IUl'tor
(-ni'tSr), n. — R«-€rtm'l-iuiaion« n. — Re-€l1m'l-IUI-
ttrt (-nA-tTr), R«-Ollml-IUI-t(Hir (-ni-tt-rf ), a.
«_ . ..... ...^ ^ ^ ^p r«TT<ter.] 1. To repair
R^-endt' (-krjjf ),
by fresh supplies ; to remedy deficiency in.
In strength or health ; to reinrigorate.
2. To renew
3. To supply (an
Rcctanitle.
armv) with > ew men ; to fill up by enlistment. — r. t
1. To gain new supidies ; to gain health, flesh, q>irits,
etc ; to recuperate. 2. To nise or enlist new troops,
etc ^ fi. 1. A supplv of anything exhausted ; reinforce-
ment. 2. A newly enlisted soldier. — Re-oraffmailt, n.
RMlm'gto (rik'tlQ'g'l), n. [P., fr. L. rectus right
-)- angulu* angle.] A f our-dded flgure
baviuff only right angles ; right-angled
parallel o gram. — Roo-Ua'ffQ-Ur
(.t«a'g«-l8r), a.
tit/t^tf (-tl-fl). V, t. [LL. recti-
Acare; L. rectus -f- -fleare\\ii oomp.)
to make.] 1. To make right ; to amend. 2. To refine
by repeated distillation or sublimation. — RtoH-ffer,
n. — Reo'tl-fl-catloii, n.
Syn. — To amend : correct ; better ; reform ; adjust.
RM'tl'llll't^ (-ITn't-nl), J o. lliecti. + Hneol, tin-
Reo'ti-llll'e^tf (-lTn'«4r), i ear.) Straight ; consist-
ing of a straight line or lines ; bounded by straight lines.
RM^t1ld«(-tad),n. [L.reetUwio,tT. rectus!] Riglit-
ness of principle or practice ; integrity ; lionesty.
Byn. — See JusncB.
RmIOT (-t8r), 11. [L., fr. regere, rectum, to lead
straiflrht. to rule.] 1. A clergyman In charge of a parish.
2. Hesd of a public school, college, convent, etc. — ROO-
tiKil-al (-tS'rT-ai), a. — RMtor-ate, RM/tor-slilp, n.
RtOtO-iy (-t^-ry), «. 1. Province of a rector; parish
church, parsonage, or spiritual living, with all its rights.
2. A rector's mansion ; parsonage house.
Reotlim (-tttin), n. [NL. (sc. intestinum), fr. L. rec-
tus straight. J Terminal part of the Urge intestine. See
Ulusi. under Diosstiyb.
R^-onmlMlIt (rt-kfim'brat), a. [L. recumbens, -bentis,
p. pr. of recumbere ; pref. re- owk -f cnmbere (in corap.)
to lie down.] Leaning ; reclining ; idle. — R»-C111ll'-
bent-ly, adv. —Re-oamlMtiM, Re-cimilMti-oyi n.
Re-on'per-att t-ku'i^r-it), i*. t. a t. [L. recuj^are,
-ro/ttro.] To recover (health) ; to convalesce. — Re-eo'-
p«r-«-tm (-A-tlv), R«-ca1»er-a-te-r7, a.
Re-COr' (-kOr'), r. i. [L. recurrere; pref. re- -4-
currere to run.] 1. To come back ; to return repeatedly ;
to come sgain to inind. 2. To resort ; to have recourse.
— R^-onrTMioe, R^-enr'rtn-oyi »• — Re-cm^ent. a.
Re-OW'Tato (-vtt), a. [L. recurrare -riUum.^ Re-
curved. — r. t. To bend back. — Re^OUr-Ta'tton, n.
Re-cnnre' (-kOrv'), r. t. To curve in an opposite or
unusiinl direction ; to bend bark or down. — RO-Clir'Tl-
ty (-kfir'vT-ty), n. — Re-OUI^VOUa (-vfl«), a.
Re-ca'MUIt (-kQ'zaut), a. [L. renisnns, santis^ p. pr.
of recusare to refuse ; pref. re- -f- causa cause, pretext.]
Obstinate in refusal ; refusing to acknowledge the suprem-
acy of the king, or to conform to the rites of the church.
— n. 1. One obstinate In refusal. 2. A nonconformist.
Red (r«d), a. [AS. reM, redd.} Of the color of
'., for or. redent a donbla
blood. «fi. The color of blood, or ci thai ptft oC tiM
spectrum farthest from Tiolet.
R»-4aa' (rt-diua fi. TF., for OF. redent a donbla
notchiuff, as in the ieeth of a
saw, fr. L. pre., re- -(- <fen#,
dentiSy a tooth.] A defensive
work forming a salient angle
toward the enemy.
RadlnrMSt' (rM'brtot/), n.
1. (fl) The robhi. (6) The Redsns.
knot, or red-breasted snipe. 2. The long-eared poodflah.
Red'dMl (-d'n), r. /. To give a red color to.*r. i.
Togrow red ; to Uush.
Red'disll, a. Somewhat red. — Rad'dlall-llMa, n.
Red-dlHon (-dTsh'fln), n. [L. reddUio, f r. reddere to
return.] RestoraU m ; restitution ; surrender.
Re-diam' (rl-dSm'), r. I. [F. r^tmer, L. redimere ;
pref. red-y re- -(- emere. emptum. to buy.] 1. To purchase
tMck. 2. To regain (property) by paying what is due.
3. To ransom from obligation, liability, etc. 4. To de-
liver from the bondage of sin and its penalties. 6. To
fulfill (a promise, etc. ). — Re-dMBl'a-Ua, a,
Ra-deam'er, n. 1. One who redeems. 2. The Savior
of the world, Jesus Christ.
Re-damptlOII (•dfimp'shlin), n. A redeeming, or be-
ing redeemed ; repurchase ; rsnsom ; deliverance. — Re-
damptlmi-ar, n. — Re-dampHra, Re-damp^o-ry, a.
Red'-CVm' (rfd'gttmO, »• [AS. re6d red + gv»d
matter, pus.] 1. Eruption of red pimples upon the face,
neck, and arms, in infancy ; tooth rash. 2. Rust on grain.
Red'-hOt', a. Red with heat ; excited ; violent.
Ra-dlnle-grata (rl-dTu'tl-grftt), a. [L. redintegrare,
-gratum, to restore ; pref. » rrf-, re- -j- integrare to renew,
f r. integer whole.] Restored to a perfect state ; renewed.
* t: t. To renew. — Re-din'ta-gratloii, n.
Red'neaa, n. The being red ; red color.
Red'O-lent (-*-Uut), o. [L. redolens, -lentis^ p. pr.
of redolere to diffuse an odor.] Diffusing fragrance ;
scented ; odorous. ~Red'04ail0a, Red'0-leB-Oy, n,
Re-dQUltla (rt-dfiyU), «-. t. & i. To double again or
repeatedly ; to Increase greatly ; to multiply.
Ita-dOllIlt' (-doutO, n. [F. redoute, LL. reductus. lit,
a retreat, fr. L. reducere to draw back.] Smalt fort or
defensive outwork ; outwork. [Written also redout.]
Re-dOUM'a-llle (-&-b'l), a. [P. redowtable, tt. redouter^
redoubter ; fr. L. pref. r<- -t dubitare to doubt, in LL.,
to fear.] Formidable ; terrible ; valiant.
Ra^onnd' (-douudO, r. i. [L. redundare ; pref. rerf-,
re- f undare to rise hi surges, fr. unda wave.] 1. To
roll back, ss a wave ; to flow back, as an effect ; to re-
sult 2. To be in excess, or redundant ; to overflow.
Red'OW-a (rSd'i-i), n. [FJ A Bohemian dance.
Re-drtaa' (re-drSs/), v. t. To dress again.
Ra-draaa' (rt-drSs'), r. /. [P. redresser to straighten ;
pref. re- -\- dresser to raise, arrange.] 1. To set right
(a wrong) ; to repair (an injury) ; to remedy ; to relieve
from. 2. To make amends to; to i-elieve. «• n. Rem-
edy ; reparation. — Re-drMa'«r, n. — Rrdrtaatva, a.
Redtop' (rSd'tOp^), n. An American pasture grass.
Ra^noa' (rt-diis'), r. /. [L. reduceij, -ductum ; pref.
red-, re- -{- ducere to lead.] 1. To bring to an inferior
sute, size, qusntity, quality, value, etc. ; to lower ; to
impair. 2. To bring to terms ; to humble ; to subdoe.
3. To bring to a certain condition bv grinding, pounding,
kneading, etc. 4. To bring into order, arrangement, etc
5. To change (numbers or quantities) from one denomi-
nation into another witl out altering their value. 6. To
bring to the metallic state by separating from Impurities ;
to n»move oxygen from. 7. To restore (a displaced part)
to its proper place or condition. — Ra-dO'oar. n. — R^
dn'ot-Ue (-sT-b'l), a. — Ra-dncOlmi (-dok'shttn), n.
Syn. - To diminish : lessen ; abate ; shorten ; curtaQ ;
impair : lower ; subject ; subdue ; subjugate : conquer.
Ra-dlU/ttve (-d&k'tTv), a. Tendhig, or able, to reduce.
ft, 8, 1,5, II, long ; A, «, 1, 5,0, t* short ; san^te, «vent. Idea, 5bey,ttnite, cAre, ftrm, &sk, (|U, AimL
REDUNDANT
] (r*-dttn'd<nit)» a. [L. redundanSt -dan-
tiSy p. pr. of redundare. See RBDomf d.] Ezceediug what
fai niiti^ or nonmwry ; ■nperabundiuit ; exuberant — Re-
'. — Rd-dan'daiifw, R»4«ii'd«ii-eT, n.
overflowing; copio
teli'daiat-lT, adp. — Rd-dan'daiifw, R»4«ii'd«ii-
Syn* — Superfluous ; exceuive ; overflowing ; copious.
R*4ll^U-cat* (-du'plT-ktt), a. [Pref. re- + dupli-
cate.1 Double ; reclupucative ; repeated. ^ v. t. 1. To
redouUe ; to multiply. 2. To repeat the first letter or
letters of (a word). — R«^ll'pll-€atloil, n.
Re^oiW-ea-tiye (-kA.tTv), a. Double.
R*4fonro (-A'ft), v.L&i, To echo back ; to rever-
berate again; to resound. —». Echo of an echo; re-
peated or second echo. [net. I
""1 (rSd), n. Fourth stomach of a ruminant ; ren- 1
[, n. [AS. hrt6d.'\ 1. A tall, coarse grass, or its '
2. Musical instrument made of the hollow joint
of a plant ; pastoral pipe. 3. Vibrating piece of cane, |
wood, or metal, attached to certain rausical instruments.
Xesd orgaii, an organ in which the wind acts on a set of
free xeeds, as the harmonium, melodeon, concertina, etc.
RMdllild', fi. (a) The bobolink, {h) One of several
small Asiatic singing birds.
RMd'y (-9), a, 1. Abounding with reeds. 2. like
a reed in tone, that is, harsh and thin, as some voices.
Reel (rSf), n. [Akin to D. rt/.] Bange of rocks near
the surface of the water.
Rati, A. [Akin to D. reef ; cf . Icel. rif reef, rifa to
join.] Part of a sail taken in or let out, to adapt the
iixe of the sail to the force of the wind. ^ v. L To re-
duce the extent of (sail) by rolling or folding.
Retf^ (^), a. Full of reefs or rocks.
Reek (rik), n. [AS. rie ; re6ean to smoke.] Vapor ;
•team ; fume.— p. t. To steam ; to exhale.
Raek'y ('f)t a. l. Soiled with smoke or steam;
smoky ; fouL 2. Emitting reek.
RmI (rSl), n. [Oael. righU.'\ Lively Scottiah dance.
Rati, n. [AS. hredl.'] 1. Frame or spool, on which
to v^nd yam, threads, lines, etc. 2. Attachment to a
harvesting machine, for holding stalks of grain in posi-
tion to be cut by the knives. ^ v. t. To wind (yam or
thread) upon a reeL^r. i. 1. To move unsteadily in
walking ; to stara^r. 2. To be giddy. — n. A reeling.
Re^leof (ri^lSkt'), V. t. To elect again. — Ro'V-
iMtlon, ». - Re«1-jd-ble (-fiiT-jT-bn), a.
ReeOI (rim), V. t. To open (seams of a vessel's plank-
ing), to calk them. [Va-acmoii, Ra'te-aot'iiiairt. n. I
Ra^Vn-aot' (rS'Sn-Ikf ), v. t. To enact again. — Ra'- 1
Ra^Vn-foroa' (-fSrs'), f* '• To strengthen witli new
force or support. — n. Something which strengthens,
(a) That part of a cannon near the breech which is
thicker than the rest of the piece, so as to resist tlie ex-
ploding powder. See Itlusi. of Gannon. (6) Additional
thickness of cloth, etc., around an eyelet, buttonhole,
etc. rWritten also reinforce.'^ — Ra'Vll-foroa'mailt, n.
Ra^-faga' (-giiO* f • '• «& •'• '^o engage again.
Ra-ta'tar (-Sn't«r}, v. /. 1. To enter sgalu. 2. To
cut deeper (engraved lines on metal). —r. t. To enter
anew or again. — Ra-ttl'tranoa, Ra-W'try (-trj^), n.
Isentertng aagls, fa\ angle of a polygon pointing inward,
aa a, in the cut. — Bea&tsrlBf polygon,
a polygon having one or more
terlng angles.
Ralfa-tabllsli (rf'Ss-tsviTsi
/. To establish anew ; to restore. —
Ra1ia-U1»lls1i-]ii«iit, n.
Raara (rSv), n. The female of
the ruff. RfCnterinK PolvRon-
Rseva, V. I. limp. & p. p. Rovb « Ref nterUur Angle.
(r3v) ;p,pr.& vh. n. Rxkvino.] [Cf. D. reven.'^ To pass
(a rope) through a hole in a block, thimble, cringle, etc.
Raava, n. ihA. gfre/n.] An officer, steward, bailiff,
or governor ; — as, shire-re<»r«, now written s/ieriff'.
Ra^-port' (rS'Sks-pSrtOi f . t. To export agam (what
inirapoi
a polygon pomung mwara,
B reen- ^..^.---^ ^^.
""- l/a\__]
I been imported).
REFLECTIVE
Ra-Vi'WBt (rS-^nu^p5rt), n. Commodity raezported.
Ra-UUU'lim (-fisli'&n), r. t. To fashion anew ; to fom
or moid into shape a second time.
Ra>fao'tlOII (-ffik'shllu), n. [L. refectio^ fr. r^/ieer^,
-/eetum^ to refresh ; pref. re- 4* /o/ccre to make. J Ra>
freshment after hunger or fatigue ; repast ; lunch.
Ra-faolO-lJ« n. Place for refreshment ; dinhig hall.
Ra-la]/ (-fer'), r. /. [F. rS/erer^ L. referre; pref. r»-
-f- /erre to bear. ] 1. To send away ; to direct elM where,
as for treatment, aid, information, decision, etc ; to make
over to another. 2. To assign to (a class, cause, source,
motive, reason, or ground of explanation), —v. i. 1. To
have recourse. 2. To point. 3. To direct attention.
4. To direct inquiry for information or a guarantee.
Syn. — To Rbtbs ; Aixxmi ; Advbbt ; suggest ; appeaL
— We refer to a thing by specifically introducing it into
our discourse. We allude to it by introducing it indirectly,
as by somethhig allied to It. We advert to it by turning
off somewhat abraptly to consider it more at large.
Rai'ar-A-bIa (ref'Sr-i-bM), a. Capable of being re-
ferred; ascribable. [Written also f^erriftfe.]
Raf'ar-aa', ». One to whom a disputed matter is
referred, in order that he may settle it.
Syn* — Judge; arbitrator; umpire. SeeJunas.
R^ar-anoa, n. l. A referring, or beins referred.
2. That which refers to something ; specific direction of
the attention. 3. Relation , regard ; respect. 4. One
referred to ; work, or passage, to which one is referred.
6. The submitting a matter in dispute to the Judgment
of one or more persons for decision.
Ra-far'll-bla (rft-fSr'rT-bn), a. Referable.
Ra-fina' (-fin'), v. t, [Pref. re- •\-flne to make fine.]
1. To reduce to a fine or pure state ; to defecate. 2. To
purify from what is gross, coarse, vulgar, etc. ; to make
excellent. —V. i. 1. To become pure. 2. To improve
in accuracy, dolicacv, or excellence. 3. To affect nicety
or subtilty m thought or language. —Ra-ttll'ar, n.
Syn. —To purify ; clarify ; polish ; ennoble.
Ra-flnad' (-findO, a. Freed from impurities or alloy ;
cultured ; delicate. — Ra-flll'ad-ly (-fiu'Sd-lj^), adv.
Ra-llna'lliailt (-fin'ment), n. 1. A refining, or being
refined. 2- That which is refined or elaborated to excess.
Syn. — Purification ; polish ; politeness ; cultivation.
Ra-ftn'ar-y (-^r-j^), n. Building and apparatus for re-
fining or purifying (metals, sumr, etc.).
Refir (-f rtO, r. /. & i. 1. To fit for use agahi ; to re-
store after damage or decay. 2. To fit out a secoiki time.
Re-Heat' (-flSkf), v. t. [L. reflectere^ -flezum; pref.
re- -\-ftectere to bend.] 1. To l>eud back ; to cause to
return after striking upon anj^ surface. 2. To give back
an image of ; to mirror. —v. t. 1. To throw back light,
heat, etc. ; to return rays or beams. 2. To be sent hwck. ;
to rebound as from a surface; to revert. 3. To con-
template ; to use attention or earnest thought ; to medi-
tate. 4. To cast reproach. — Re-fleot'lHr, n,
Syn. — To consider ; think ; meditate ; ponder ; muse.
Ra-naatlOll (-flek'shfin), n. [L. reflexio: cf. F. ri-
flexion.'] [Written also rejiexionA 1. A reflecting, or
being reflected, la) The return ox rays, beams, sound,
etc., from a surface, {b) Continued consideration;
meditation; contemplation. 2. That which Is pro-
duced by reflection, (a) An image given back from a
reflecting surface, (b) A part reacted or turned back
at an angle, (c) Result of meditation ; thoughts sug-
gested by truth. 3. Censure ; reproach . „
cast. 'v «
Angle (tf rellsction. the angle which any-
thing, as a ray of light, on leaving a re-
Awjilng surface, makes with the perpen- c
dicular to t he surface. p
Syn. — Meditation ; contemplation ; n^m^n^^ i f^\
considerstion ; musing ; thhiking. /Jj" ASiii * i
Re-llectlve(-flBkt^v),«. l. Throw- "ScideSJi
ing back images. 2. Capable of exer- gfr Annie of
cising thought or judgment. 3. Ad- Refieetion.
fSm, xecant, 6rb, ryde, f^ Hm, food, iifot, o«t, oil, chair, go, sing, i]|k, then, tlUn.
REFLEX
470
tlEGAtTA
dieted to introapeetiTe or meditatiTe hmbiU. 4. Reflex-
ire; reciprocal.
Reflex (rVftSka), a. [L. reflexusy p. p. of reflfctere.}
1. Directed back ; attended by reflectioD ; retroactive ;
introspective. 2. Produced in reaction, in resistance, or
tn return.
Re-llezl¥e (-Tv), a. l. Bending or turned backward;
reflective. 2. Having for its direct object a pronoun
which refers to the agent or subject as its antecedent ; —
said of certain verbs, also of pronouns ; reciprocal.
ReSln-ent (r«f'l(i-€nt), a. [L. rfflueng, p. pr. of re-
Auere to flow back ; pref. re- -\- fiune to flow.] Flowing
back; returning; ebbiug.—Refla-ence, Refla-en-oy, n.
Re^HZ' (rS^fl&ks^), n. [F.] A flowing back ; ebb.
Re-form' (rt-iema'), i». t, &. i. [F. ri/ormer, L. re-
formare ; pref. re- -\- forma form.] To form again ; to
return to a former good state, or bring from bad to good.
Syn. — To amend ; correct ; emend ; rectify ; mend ;
repair ; better ; improve ; restore : reclaim.
— n. Amendment of what is defective, corrupt, etc.
Syn. — Rectiflcation ; correction. See Rbvorm atiok.
Re-fonn' (rS-f8rmO. V. t. & i. To form anew.
Ref'or-ma'tion (rSf'Sr-mi'shan), n. 1. A reforming,
or being reformed ; change from worse to better. 2. The
religious movement commenced by Luther, which pro-
duced the various Protestant churches.
Syn. — RxroaxATioN; Rkto&m; amendment: correc-
tion ; rectification. — Rrfomiaiion is a more thorougli
and comprehensive change than reform. It is applied to
anbjects more important, and results in changes more
lasting. A reformation involves many particular refonns.
Re'-flor-llia'tion (rS^fSr-mi'shftn), n. A forming
anew ; a second forming in order. [formatory.T
Re-fonn'A-ttve (-f 8rm'&-tTv), a. Forming again ; re- 1
Re40fm'a-tO-I7, a. Tending to reform. —n. Insti-
tution for promoting the reformation of offenders.
Re-fonn'er, Re-fOimlst, n. 1. One who effects, or
seeks, amendment 2. One of those who commenced the
reformation of religion in the IGth century.
Re-traot' (-frftf), r . /. [L. refringere^ -fraetum ;
pref. re- -\-frangere to break.] 1. To bend sharply and
abruptly back ; to break off. 2. To break the natural
course of (rays of light or heat) when passing from one
medium to another of different density. — Re-traot'or, n.
Re-fnu/tloa (-frSk'sh&n), n. 1. A refracting, or being
refracted. 2. Change in the direc-
tion of a ray of liglit, heat, f tc., when
it enters obliquely a medium of a
different density from that through
which it has previously moved.
Re-fraetlve (-f riOrt^v), a. Serv-
ing or able to refract ; pert, to re-
fraction.
Re-fracfo-ry(-fr8k't«-ry),r7. [L.
refractarius^ fr. r^fringere.'] 1. Ob-
stinate in disobedience : stubborn ';
unmanageable. 2. Resisting ordi-
nary treatment ; difficult of fusion,
reduction, etc. ; — said esp. of metals
which do not readily yield to lieat or
to the hammer. — Re-fnu/t>ri-l7,
adv. — Re-fnu/to-ri-neM. n.
Syn. — Perverse; contumacious;
unyielding. a Cla«* Vcwel filled
ReFra-ga-ble (r8f'r&-g&-bU), a, with Water, shnwinK
[LL. refragabilU, fr. L. refragari Refroction of Ray of
to oppose.] Capable of being re- ^ g^Jfion
futed.
Re-fralB' (rt-frinO, r. t. & i.
[OF. refrener, fr. L. refrenare^ fr.
pref. re- back -f- frennm bridle.]
To hold back ; to restrain ; to hold
aloof.
Syn. — To hold back; forbear;
abstain; withhold.
i
Refraction.
of VeKwI.
lower part filled with
Water ? n? Ray of
LiKhtinntrai^htline ;
fpr Rav of Liffht re-
froctetf : Qq Perpen-
dicular : ^>(^ Anglt;
of Incidence : rpq
Angle of Kef ractiuii.
Re-fralB' (rt-fr£nOf n. [F.] Burden of » MOg;
phrase recurring at the end of each stanza <A a poem.
Re-fran'ji-llle (-frSn'jT-b'l), a. Capable of being n-
fracted. — Re-fran'fl-lile-iiesa, Re-fraB'gl4iai-ty, ».
Re-freall' (-frfish^, r. /. 1. To make fresh agahi ; to
restore strength, spirit, animation, etc., to. 2. To re-
pair ; to restore.
Syn. — To cool ; revive ; reanimate : renovate ; cheer.
Re-freali'meilt, n. 1. a refreshing, or being re-
freshed ; restoration of strength or liveliness ; relief after
sufferinff. 2. That which refreahes ; food or drink.
Re-tng'er-ate (-frtj'Sr-at), v. t. [L. refngerare^
-ratum ; pref. re- re- -\-frigerare to cool, fr. friau*^ fri-
goriSy coolness. ] To make or keep cool. — Re-fnk'er-a'-
tton, n. — Re-frlc'er-ant, Re-frlf' er-a-ttre, a.& n.
Re-friC'er-a'tor, n. Tliat which refrigerates or keeps
cool ; place for keeping food, etc., cool, by means of ice.
Ref^e (rgf'fij), n. [F. r^fuae^ L. refugium^ fr. re-
fngere to flee back ; pref. re- -f fugere.} 1. Shelter
from danger or distress. 2. That which protects from
dsT-r-" i^" r"-'— r'"-- iriTirtiiiirT inaccessible to an enemy.
S J 1 1 . E^J n ] Uj I ji«> li [ 111 : f 4treat ; covert.
Hai'a-ECfl' i 0 i^), ». [F. rifugii.-\ One who flees
to :■ |tiiii-p (if hHr^tVt e-ip. tp *» loreign country.
tVQ'ful'seilt (r* flll'J^ntl, ft, [L refulgensy p. pr. of
rej->li}frf^ ; pri*f. rr- 4- JtiUjtre to shine.] Casting a
briu^it y\vh^ ■ r^dioiit ; M>l*'iii)^il. — Re-tlll'geilt-lT, aiv,
— Re tnl^Konce. Be ftu'gciimy, n.
He fund'' ( lOud'l, i\ f. [L. refundere; pref. re- +
fn <i . >'" ' r 1 . 1 I .- . II t, ] To e I V i' I .fl^rk ; to repay.
Re Ins'al i-liU'^l), ». 1. A refusing ; denial of any-
thiri^ <l^)uA]i4 led or offered for acceptance. 2. Right of
taijK'/ "I' ri'rii-.jiii> : 1 if it ion.
Kc iiitc ^ iu^ ,, -- !' l^"' rtf Utter ^ fr. L. refundere to
rur back, restore, or fr. L. recusare to decline, refuse.]
To deny (a request, demand, etc.) : to decline to do
or grant. 2. To reject. — Re-fua'er (-?r), n.
Refuae (rSffis), n. [F. refus.-\ Something rejected
as useless: waste matter.— a. Refused; wortliless.
Syn. — Dregs ; sediment : scum ; recrement ; dross.
Re-fate' (rf-luf), r. t. [F. renter, L. refuiare.'\ To
disprove by argument or countervailing proof ; to prove
to be false. — Re-fnt'er, «. — Re-tara-ble. a. — Re-tsf •
a-tC-ry, a. - Ref 'a-Utlon (r«F6-ta'shttn), n.
Syn. — To confute ; disprove. See CoNnrrs.
Re-gain' (-gSn'), r. t. To gain anew ; to reach again.
Syn.- To recover; reobtain; repossess; retrieve.
Re'gal (r^'gal), a. [L. regalis, fr. rez, regi*^ l^ngO
Pert, to a king ; kingly ; rovsl.
Syn. — Kingly ; royal. See Kikolt.
Re-gale' (rl-gSl'), v. /. & t. [F. reaaler.\ To feast.
— ^. Sumptuousrepast ; banquet. — Re-gue'lnmit,
Re-gaOl-a (-galf-i). n. pi. [LL., f r. L. regalU regaL]
1. That wliich belongs to royalty, {a) Prerogatives of
a king. (6) Royal estates and revenues, (r) Ensigns
of royfdty. 2. Insignia of an ofllre or order.
Re-gall-ty (-gnT-ty), n. [IX. regaUtaSj fr. L. rc-
jrfl/i* regal.] Royalty; sovereignty.
Re'gal-ly (rS'gol-13^ \ mtr. in a regal or royal nunner.
Re-garfl' (rS-giird'), r. /. [F. regi^rder ; pref. re- -h
gnrder to guard, heed, keep.] 1. To keep in view; to
gaze upon. 2. To look closely at ; to remark particu-
larly. 3. To hold as an opinion ; to consider ; to care
for ; to esteem. 4. To respect ; to relate to ; to touch.
Syn. — To consider ; heed ; value. See Attekd.
— n. 1. A look; view; gaze. 2. Observation; notice.
3. Respect ; esteem ; reverence ; affection. 4. Eetfanar
tion ; repute ; note. 6. Respect ; relation ; reference.
Syn. ~ Respect ; consideration: notice: obrervanoe;
heed : care : concern : esteem ; attachment ; reverence.
Re-gardfnl, a. Heedful ; attentive ; observant.
Re-gardlesa, a. Having no regard ; careless. — Re-
gardaeas-ly. adv. — Re-gardleaa-nesa, n.
Re-gatta (-gSt'tA), n. [it.] Orig.,agondohiraceln
Venice : now, a rowing or sailing race.
2, 5, 1, o, fl, long : &, «, I, 5, a, j^, short ; senfite, livent, tdsa, Obey, finite, c4re, iirm, ask, ^1, f.naL
REGENCY
471
REJECT
R&gUk-Sf (rS'jen-aJ^), n. 1. Office of a ruler ; author-
ity ; goveruuieut. 2. Jurisdiction of a resent or vicari-
ooa ruler, or of a body of regeuta ; deputed goremmeut.
3. A bpdy of roeu iutrusted with vicarioutt govern lueut.
Re-geil'er-att(r5-j«n'3r-»t),rt. [L. regmerare^-ratum,
to regenerate ; pref. re- -f- gtnerare to beget.] 1. Re-
prodttoed. 2. ^m anew; become Chri«tian; changed
from a natural to a spiritual state, —r. t. 1. To gener-
ate or produce anew ; to give new lile or vigor to. 2.
To render Christian ; to convert from sin to holiness. —
R*-ftB'«r-a'tor, n. - Re-gsft'er-Ato-neM, Ro-gen'er-
ft-«T,R«-i»n^er-«'tl(ni, n.— Re-gen'er-a-thr* (-&-tT v), a.
Ri'ffCm (r8'j*»ut), a. [L. regcns^ -geniis^ p. pr. of re-
vere to rule.] 1. Ruling; governing; regnant. 2. Ex-
ercising vicarious authority. -• n. 1. One who reigns ;
governor ; ruler. 2. One w)io governs a kingdom in the
minority, absence, or disabiiity of the sovereign. 3. One
of a governing board ; trustee or overseer ; superintend-
ent ; curator. — Re'geilt-SlllP, n.
R«f 1-CW« (rfijl-sid), n. [F. rigicide; L. rrx, regis,
king 4- caedere to kill.] 1. One who murders a king.
2rThe kUling of a king.
I Regime' (rfzh^mO, n. [P.] Administration.
Rtf^men (rSja-mSn), n. [L. ; fr. reofrf to rule.]
1. Orderly government ; adminlHtration. 2. Systematic
diet, etc., for preserving health ; hygiene. 3. (a) Syn-
tactical relation between words. (6) Word governed.
Recl-llWllt, n, [F.] 1. Government ; rule ; regimen.
[(%«.T 2. A body of troops commanded by a colonel. —
v.t. To form into regiments. —Reg'i-meil'tal,ff.
Rsg'l-IIMIl'UlS (-mSntali), n. pi. Uniform worn by
the officers and soldiers of a lament ; military dress.
Rai^gton (ryjUn), n. [F. region, fr. L. regio direction,
boundary line, fr. regere to direct.] 1. Portion of space
or territory ; district. 2. Neighborhood ; vicinity.
RegiS-ter (r«jl8-t3r) , n. [L. rrgesta, pi . , f r. regerere,
-gestum, to register; pref. re- -\- gerere to carry.] 1. A
written account or entry ; enumeration or reconl ; sclied-
ule. 2. One who registers or records ; registrar ; recorder.
3. That which reguters or records ; — applied to sundry
mechanical contrirancea. 4. Compass of a voice or in-
strument ; stop or set of pipes in an organ.
Sjn. — Catalogue ; roll ; record : annals. See List.
— V. t. To enter in a register ; to record ; to enroll. —
V. i. To enroll one*s name. [keeper of records. I
Rtgtft-tnur (-trSr), n. One who registers ; recorder : |
Rag^tra'llOO, n. A registering; registry; enrollment.
R«C^S-try, n. 1. Registration. 2. Place where a
rMJster is kept. 3. Record ; account ; register.
Ktg'leC (reg^8t), n. [F. rSglrt, dim. of reg/e a rule,
I* reguia."] 1. A flat, narrow architectural moulding.
2. A strip of wood or metal for spacing printed matter.
RtgfDUlt (-nrrnt), a. [L. regmmx, -nantix, p. pr. of
rfffiMire to reign* ] 1. Reigning. 2. Predominant.
'lU'greM (rygrSa), «. [L. regredi, -gregxtis, to go
back.] A passing back ; return ; retrogression.
R*-greM' (rt-grSy). V. i. To go back ; to retnni. -
R*-grMKsiOIl(-gT8sh'&n), n.— Re-gT»Mlve(-gre8'Tv),a.
R»-gl*f (-gretO, n. [F., fr. regretter to regret.]
Pain of mind for something past, with a wish that it had
been different ; a looking back with longing.
Syn.— RBoarr ; Rbmorsk ; Compcnction ; CoNXBrnoN ;
RBTDrTAXCB ; concern ; sorrow ; penitence. - Renret has
not the energy of remorse, the sting of rompunctioti, the
■acredneasof c(m/rt7t07^or the practical character of re-
pentmwe. We even apply the term regret to ciroumstances
OTer which we have haa no control, r« the absence or loss
of friends. When connected with ourselves, it relates
rather to unwise acts than to wrong ones.
— 'r. /. To lose or miss with a sense of regret : to feel
sorrow for (the happening or the loss of Koraethlnfr). — Ro-
gTvtfol. a. — Re-grefral-ly, adv.— R»-grtt'tA-ble, a.
Rtg^-Ur (rfig'n.lSr), a. [L. regtdnris, fr. regnla
rule, ft. regere to rule. J 1. Conformed to a rule, law,
prinoiple, or type, or to established forms ; normal ;
symmetrical. 2. Governed by rules ; uniform in oouxBe,
practice, or occurrence ; returning at stated intervals ;
orderly; methodical. 3. Constituted or conducted in
conformity with established usages or discipline; duly
authorized ; permanently organized. 4. Thorough ; com-
plete ; unmitigated. ICollog. ] — n. 1. A qualified
member of a regions order or community. 2. A soldier
in a sUnding army. — Regll-lar-ly (rSg'tt-lSr-lf), adr.
— Reru-Ur-iiMS, Reg'nlar^-ty (-iiA-xS),n.
Syn. — Normal ; orderly ; methodical. See Nokmal.
Reg'a-late (-lat), r. /. [L. regulare, -iatum, fr. reguta.}
1. To adjust by rule or established mode ; to subject to
laws. 2. To put in good order. 3. To adjuat to a de-
sired rate or condition. — Reg'a-la'tOT (-lia^r), n.
8yn. — To dispose ; arrange ; direct ; order ; govern.
Reg'a-la'don, n. 1. A regulating, or being regulated.
2. Rule for government ; prescription ; precept ; law.
Syn. — Method ; order ; precept. See Law.
R^-gnr'gl-Ute (rf-gdr'jT-tit), r. f. & i. [LL. regur-
gitare, -tatum ; L. pref. re- -\-gitrges, -gitis, gtilf .] To
throw, rush, or surge back. — Rt-glVgi-tatiOll, n.
Rd'ha-Ul'i-Ute (rS^hA-bTlT-at), r. /. [Pref. re- re-
-f hahUitaU.'] To invest again with some right or dig-
nity ; to restore to a former capacity ; to reinstate. —
Ro/ha-bUa-U'ttoll, n. [tbue.|
Rt-lMAT' (-hSr'), r. t. To hear again ; to try a second |
Rt-heara'al (-hSrs'al), n. A rehearsing ; narration ;
private recital in preparation for a public exhibition.
Rt-heane' (-h?rs'), r. /. [OF. reherder to harrow
over again ; pref. re- -f- herder to harrow, fr. herce
harrow. See Hbarsx.] 1. To repeat (what has been
already said) ; to recite. 2. To recount ; to relate ; to
tell. 3. To recite in private for experiment, before a
public repreeentation. — Ro-heaiB'er, n.
II Relons'ntll' (riks'raf ), M. [0.] The Austrian par-
liament, [former German empire. I
II Raiolul'aUdt' (-stiitO, R. [G. ] A free city of the |
II Rekdiatag' (-tligO, n. [G.] Tne Diet, or House
of Representatives, of the German empire.
Rel'gle (rS'g'l), n. [F. r>gle a rule, fr. L. regula.-\
A hollow cut or channel for guiding anything.
RalgB (ran), n. [OE. & OF. regne, fr. L. regnum, fr.
rer, regis, king.] 1. Royal authority; sovereignty;
dominion. 2. Time during which a sovereign possesses
supreme authority. — r. t. 1. To exercise sovereign
power or government ; to rule. 2. To prevail.
Syn. — To rule ; govern ; direct ; control ; prevail.
Ro^tm-bime' (rS'Tm-bOm'), r. /. [Pref. re- -\- im-
bvrxe.l 1. To replace what has been taken, lost, or ex-
pended. 2. To indemnify. — Re^lm-lnirM'llMIlt, n.
Rein (rin), n. [F. rene, fr. L. retinere to hold back.]
1. Strap of a bridle, to govern a horse. 2. Means of
curbing or governing; restraint. — r. /. 1. To direct
with reins. 2. To restrain ; to control.
Retn'dOOr' (riuMSr^), n. flcel. hreinn reindeer -(- E.
deer.'\ A ruminant of the Deer family, found in the
colder parts of both hemispheres.
Ro^in-forOO' (re'Tu-fSn.'), r. t. & n. Reen force.
RallUI (rinz). n. pi. [F. ; fr. L. reit, pi. renex.^ 1. The
kidneys ; the loins. 2. Inward impulses ; atfections and
passions. [session, or in a former state. I
Ro'in-SUto' (r8'Tn-8tat'), r. t. To place again in poa- 1
Re^ln-SOTd' (-shnr'), v. t. l. To insure again after a
former insurance has ceased ; to renew insurance on.
2. To insure (life or property) in favor of one who has
taken an insurance risk upon it.
Re'in-VOSt' (-vgj^t'), f . t. To invest again or anew.
R^-ls'sne (r?-THh'6). r. /. & i. To issue a second time.
— w. A second or repeated issue.
R*-lfer-ate (-TfSr-at), r. /. [Pref. re- -f iterate:
LL. reilerare to question again.] To repeat again and
again ; to say or do repeatedly. — Rt-lt'er-AtlOll, n.
Syn. — To repeat ; recapitulate ; rehearse.
Re-Saot' (-iSkf), r. t. [L. rejicere, jeetum ; pref. re- xt^
f^TB, recent, 6rb, ryde, f ^ ftn^ food, fo\>t, out, oU, obair, ^ aing, i||k, then, tliia.
REJECTION
472
REMAIN
4-jdMrv to tbrpw.] 1. To cut (mm one ; to dlK«rd. l
S. To reJusfl i& rvceitv ot tci ^.^kiiu-wK^ifv ; to Titpm)lat<*.
9. Td TtiUtm \o Kratit. — RM-^Uos liC JjKkVJ^Qii,). tt.
Sftt. -T^^l'^f^*^l; reWDimci^ i1i|j«(;i^nl ; raljutf; irt.'liiH\
U9-^^Ot* {li-iuiaf), r\ i. [OV, rf^tjamt ; lire J. tr- -f
^jof/n- tu rwjujfrfl; ptel. e*- (L ^ar-) -t /i^ui/^ (r. L ^am-
d^rf u> retDJof!.] T<f ftwl Jiiy ; to he dtdighVtd.
M* c. r, Tt> givt ju/ t4J ; to glitddifiiH.
Mr 11 » — To ple-AHt ; cUftT i f*xhil*rnUi \ deUebt.
Rtt-loln^ ( joiuO, t . ^ i£ t. 1. To iinu ^luti <h to unite
altor r<rt]>Pkriitiutir. 2^ To Bi4te m repLy ; ti» auAWf r.
Bo-Jflill'dar, ^1. Ah Jiii«««r tct ■ Tf?-^y ; maJj.
<^]ru« - I^pjy ; aiuWlit ; Ttt)Lfcatl''*it. Sef Rtrtv.
HTiir vMiiiiK ] Tu JTciihJor yMuiiif aH^lij. ^Ra-Jh y^^-iu'-
ltd- lapse' (.-litpjsO^ f'*- [L. rr^reWt -iammk: m^i. ne-
r* . : A. ,' r r.^ tall, Hi|H ] I T.i sUp ot ^liJt- bat k ^ tu Ull
To bAoluIide. ^ f». A falling back ; backalidiug.
R*-Uto' (-lit'), t?. t. [F. relatfr to recount, fr. L. rf-
lo/tM, used M p. p. of re/erre. 8ee Rbtkb.] 1. To re-
count; to narrate. 2. To ally by kindred.— r. i. To
pertain ; to refer (to). — Re-Ut'er, R»-lat'or, n.
Syn. — To tell ; recite ; narrate ; recount ; deacribe.
Re-lm'tion, n. 1. A relating or telling ; recital ; nar-
rative. 2. Tlie being related or referring ; connection.
3. Reference ; regard. 4. Connection ; kin«hlp. 6. A
relative : kinsman. — R»-U'tlOO-llllp, n.
R^-la'don-al, a. 1. Having relation or kindred. 2.
Indicating or specifying some relation.
B*l'a-ttW ^r«l'A-tIv), fl. 1. Having relation or refer-
ence ; reeiwctuig ; pertaining. 2. Arising from conuec-
tlou with something else ; not absolute. 3. Indicating
fframmatical relation; referring to an antecedent. — n.
One considered In relation to something else, (a) One
allied by blood ; a rrlation. (6) A relative pronoun ; a
word which relates to, or represents, another word or
phrase, called its antecedent. — Rel'a-tiT«-ly , adv.
Re-Ut'or (rMSfSr), n. [L.] Relater.
R^-laMf (-Iftks'), r. t. [L. reiaxare ; pref. re- -f lazare
to slacken, from Ituut loose.] 1. To make lax ; to slacken ;
to open. 2. To make leas severe or rigorous ; to remit
in effort. 3. To ease ; to recreate : to divert. 4. To re-
lieve from constipation. — v. »'. To become lax, loose,
less rigorous, or diligent ; to unbend. — Re'lax-a'dOII, n.
Syn. — To slacken ; abate ; ease ; unbend ; divert.
R^-ltLf (rS-lSO« r, t. To lay a second time.
Rt-lay' (r*-!*')* «• \X- relai*, fr. OF. relnusier to
abandon, release, fr. L. relaxare.] 1. A supply (of horses,
dogs, men, etc.) to relieve those who are tired. 2. An
auxiliary electric current.
Re-l0AM' (rS-lSV), V. t. To lease again ; to let back.
R^-UaM' (rt-les'), v. /. {OV.relaUtier to let free.]
1. To let loose again ; to free from restraint or servitude.
2. To relieve from pain, obligation, penalty, etc. 3. To
let go, as a legal claim ; to quit. ^ n. 1. A releasing or
being released ; liberation. 2. Relief from care, {Mln,
etc. 3. Discharge from obligation ; acquittance. 4. A
giving up of some legal claim ; quitclaim.
Hyn. -Tofree; liberate; loose; discharge; acquit.
Rt-laaa'er (-2r), n. One who releases, or sets free.
Rt-lMUi'or (-9r), n. One by whom a release is given.
Ral'*-tate (HJI'J-gat), r. /. *[L. refegnre, -galum ; pref.
re- -f legate to aend with a couiniission. See LlOATS.]
To remove (to an inferior position) ; to transfer ; to ban-
Uh. — Ral't-Ka'tiOII, n.
Ra-lent' (r#-l«it'), r. i. [F. rnlentir. fr. L. pref. re-
-{- ndt4> -\- lentiu pliant, slow.] To become less severe,
harsh, cnie), etc. ; to feel compassion.
^MtntlMS, n. Unmoved hv sympathy ; unpitylng.
RSl'*-Tant (rin'Mont), a. [F. ] Bearing upon the case
in iiand ; pertinent. ^ R«il'»-Vanse, Rel't-Tan-oy. n.
R«-ira-bla (rl-ll'4-bn), o. SulUble or fit to be relied
on : trustworthy. — Re-U'a-toU-]Mn,Re-U'»-M11-ty,is.
Re-U'aiUM, n. LA relyhig, or being reliant ; confi-
dence ; trust. 2. Dependence ; ground of trust.
RellO (rSl'Tk), n. [F. relique,] [Formerly written
also reliqne.'^ 1. That which remains; remnant. 8.
Corpse ; body, or part of the body, of a c'eoaased ssint cr
mart vr. 3. Memorial ; thing preserved in remembrance.
Rulot, n. [L. relictOj f. of re/tWat«, p. p. of re/fn-
qtirre to leave belund. See Rbunqcmh.] A widow.
Re-lteT (rMSf), n. [F. Bee Rsluvb.] 1. A re-
lieving, or being relieved ; remo^ ml of evil. 2. Rel«ase
from performance of duty. 3. Whatever gives succor,
aid, or comfort ; a relay. 4. In art, projection of a fig-
ure above the ground on which it is formed.
Syn. — Alleviation ; aid ; help ; succor ; remedy.
Re-ltore' (-ISV), r. t. [F. relrrer, fr. L. relerart ;
pref. re- -\- levare to raise, fr. leris light.] 1. To cause
to seem to rise ; to put in relief ; to set off by contrast.
2. To introduce varietv into. 3. To raise (anything
which depresses) ; to mitigate. 4. To aid, succor, or de-
liver. 6. To release Irom duty. 6. To ease of wrong
or oppression ; to right.
Syn. — To alleviate ; aasuage : succor ; assist ; aid ;
ease ; mitigate : free ; remedy ; ledress.
R*-U'glOII (-ITj'tin), n. [F., fr. L. reUgio.^ L Out-
ward form by which men recognize a god or gods to
whom obedience and honor are due ; system of worship.
2. Christian faith and practice.
Re-U'|loil-l81ll, n. 1. Practice of, or devotion to, re-
ligion. 2. Affectation or pretense of religimi.
R»-Il'Cl0ll-i8t, n. One earnestly devoted or attached
to a religion ; a religious zealot.
Re-U'glOUa (-Qs), a. 1. Pert, to religion ; set apart
to religion. 2. Pious; godly. 3. Scrupulously faith-
ful ; strict. 4. Belonging to a religious order. — n.
One bound by monastic vows, or devo^ to a life of re-
ligion ; monk or friar ; a nun. — R»-Il'giO«Ui-lT, adt.
Syn. — Pious ; godly : holy ; strict ; rigid ; exact.
Re-Un'ailish (-ITn'kwTslO, r. /. [OF. reiinqitir, L. re-
-^- tinauere to leave.] 1. To withdraw from ; to leave
behind ; to quit. 2. To give up ; to resign. — Ro-Un'-
qiilsli-«r, n. — R*-liB'aiilsli-iiieBt. n.
Syn. — To forsake ; abandon ; forego. See Rcsran.
Rell-qaary (rtJlT-kwt-ry), n. [LL.
Depositary for relics.
reHquianvm.'\
Re-llqi»'(r*-15k'),n. [F.] Relic.
Rellall (rSlTsh), r. t. [OF. reUchifr to taste anew.]
1. To taste with pleasure : to enjoy. 2. To cause to
taste agreeably. ^r. «'. To have a pleasing taste; to
gratify. — n. 1. Pleasing taste ; enjoyi^e qualltv.
2. Savor ; quality. 3. Liking ; appetite ; fondness. 4.
Something token with food to render It palatable ; a
condiment.
Syn. — Taste; savor; flavor; appetite; zest; liking^
Rel1all-a-1de, n. Agreeable to the taste : gratifyhig.
R^-lQOf (rMGktO, r. i. [L. reluetari, -tatns, to
stniggle ; pref. re- -\- Iticta a wrestling.] To strive sgalnst
anything ; to feel or show repugnance or reluctance.
Re-Inotant (-l&k'tant), a. [L. relnetftnt, -tantU^ p. pr.
of reluctnrl.] 1. Striving against; disinclined; lotlu
2. Proceeding from an unwilling mind.— R*41I01abMT,
adr. — R»-liiolaAM, Ro-Iac'tan-oy, n.
Syn. — Unwilling ; repugnant ; coy. See Avmss.
Re-lmna' (-Ifim'), r. (. [OF. relumer, L. reluminart ;
pref. re- -\- luminare to light.] To rekindle; to light again.
Re-ly' {-M'h *'• »• l^ref. re- -f tie to rest.] To rest
with confidence ; to trtist ; to depend.
Syn. — To trust ; depend ; confide ; repose.
Re-maln' (-mln')» r. i. [L. reinanere; pref. re- -f-
maiierf to stay.l 1. To stay behind while others with*
draw ; to be left after a number or ouantity haa been
subtracted. 2. To continue unchangea.
Hyn. - To stay ; wait : tarry ; abide ; last : endure.
•» n. 1. That which is left ; relic ; remainder ; — chiefly
ft, S, 1, 5, 11, long ; ft, «, 1, 6, fl, f, abort ; smUte, Cvent, tdea, Obey, ftnite, eArv, linn, Aak, fll, final.
REMAINDER
473
RENAL
inpl. S. BpMif ., in pi. : {n) That which is left of a himum
bring after life la gone ; relics ; a dead body. (6) Posthu-
motta productions, esp. literary works, of one who is dead.
Rt-nialll'dtr (rl-min'dSr), n. 1. Residue ; remnant.
2. Quantity left after subtraction or dedtiction.
Ra-mtna' (-mAnd')» v. t. [L. remand^tre ; pref. re-
-{■' mandare to coinmit.] To recommit ; to send back.
■* «. A remanding; ; order for recotnroitmpnt.
Re-marl/ (-milrk'), r. t. [P. mnarqner; pref. re-
tmarquet to mark, marque a mark, of 6erman origin.]
To observe, fl. To state ; to s»y.
Syn.— To Rsmark ; OBSKftVE ; Koticb : heed : regard ;
note ; say.— To observe is to keep a tiling distinctly before
the mind. To remark is simply to mark or take note of
whateTer may come up. To notice implies still less con-
tinuity of attention. An obtervalion is the result of pro-
longed thought ; a remark is suggested by some passing
occurrence ; a notice is something cursory and short.
— n. 1. A remarking or attentively noticing ; observa-
tion. S. Expression of something remarked ; mention
of that which is worthy of attention or notice.
Syn. — Observation ; note : comment ; annotation.
He-llUUk'a-lue, a. Worthy of being remarked or
noticed ; conspicuous : extraordinary. — Re-maik'A-bld-
11883, n. — R«-lliarlrA-llly, adv.
9yn. — Extraordinary: rare; strange; eminent.
Re-me'dl-a-ble (-mS>dT-&.bU), u. Capable of being
remedied or cured. ^ R^-me'dl-A-llly, adv,
Re-nM'dl-al, a. Affording remedy.
Re-madl-less (rl-mSdl-l^s or r6m't-dT-18s), a, Kot
admitting of remeay ; incurable ; irreparable.
Rem^^^y (rSm'^-dV^, n. [L. remedium ; pref. re- -{-
mederi to cure. See Mkdical.] 1. That which relieves
a disease ; medicine which restores health. 2. A correc-
tive ; reparation ; cure. 3. Legal means to recover a
right, or to obtain redress for a wrong.
Syn. — Cure ; restorative ; redress ; relief ; aid ; help.
— r. /. To relieve ; to cure : to redress ; to correct.
Re-mamlMr (r^mSm'bSr), r. /. [OF. remembrer, L.
rememorari; pref. re- -j- memor mindful.] 1. To have
(a notion or idea) come into tlie uiiud affain ; to recollect.
2. To keep In mind ; to attend to. 3. To remind ; to
put in mind. — Re-BtMnlMr-er, n.
R^-mtflllinuiM, n. 1. A remembering, or being re-
membered ; recollection. 2. Something remembered.
3. A memorial; memento; souvenir. 4. Power of re-
membering ; period over which one's memory extends.
Syn. —Recollection ; reminiscence. See Msmort.
Re-nMOilinui-oer, n. Memento ; reminder.
Rs-mlnd' (-mind'), r. t. To put (one) in mind of some-
thing. — Re-mlnfl'^r, n.
Rtm'l-ll&rotlioa (Hlm^T-nTs'<!ra<t), n. [F. rhninu-
etnce^ L. remini«centia.'\ 1. A recalling past experience.
fl. Something remembered ; narration of experience.
Syn. — Remembrance ; recollection. Sae Memory.
Reni'l-ltlS'Oeilt, a. [L. reminiscens, -centts, p. pr. of
reminitci to recollect.] Recalling to mind ; having re-
membrance ; reminding.
Ro-mlse' (r#-mlz'), V. I. [F. remise delivery, surren-
der, fr. remettre to put back, L. remiftere. S-^e Remit.]
To send or irrant bick ; to release a claim to ; to resign.
R^.tniajfl' (-mTj*'), a. [L. remiitere, -misgum^ to send
baek, relax. See RBMrr.l Not energetic or exact in duty
or business ; neglieent ; lackinir earnestness or activity.
Syn. — Slack } dilatory ; negligent ; inattentive.
Re-mto'sl-lde, a. Capable of being remitted.
Re-mii'llon (-mTsh'Bn). n. 1. A remitting, surren-
dering, or giving up. 2. Discharge from that which is
due ; relinquishment of a claim or obligation ; pardon.
3. Dirabiution of intensity; abatement. 4. A send-
ing (moneyl in pnjrment ; remittnnee.
R9>lllit' (-mTf), V, t, [L. remiltere^ -missitm. to send
back, slacken, relax ; pref. re- -f- milterc to send.] 1. To
Bsnd back ; to give up ; to surrender ; to resign. 2. To
trannnlt or send (money in payment of a demand, ac-
count, draft, etc.). 3. To relax in intensity ; to alwts.
4. To forgive ; to pardon. — Re-attlpr (rt-mTt'tSr),
RMBtttor (-tSr), n. - Re mitliie&t, Re-mlTtal, n.
Syn.— To relax: abate: relinquish i pardon; absolve.
Re-mtttanoo (rt-mlt'tans), N. 1. A tranamltting
money, bills, etc. 2. Sum or tiling remitted.
Re-mit'tent, a. Remitting; having remissions,— aa
a fever whose symptoms abate at regular Intervals.
Rtm'iunt (rBm'nant), a. [OF. remnnant^ p. pr. of
remttnoir to remain. ] Remaining ; yet left. *- n. 1. That
which remains after a p:irt is removed, destroyed, per^
formed, etc. ; residue. 2. Small portion ; fragment.
Syn. — Residue ; rest; remains; remainder*
R^-mod'el (re-m8d'81), i'. /. To model or fasliion anew.
Re-mold' ) (rS-m51d'), v. t. To mold or shape anew
Re-movld' ( or again ; to reshape.
Re-moD'etniloe (-mSn'strant), n. A remonstrating ;
protest ; expostulation. — Re-nUMt'etlAllt, a. An.
Re-mon'Stnite, r. i. [LL. remonstrare, stratum ; L.
pref. re- -{- monstrare to show.] To urge reasons in op-
position to an act or course of proceedings } to expostu-
late. — Re-mon'strft-tor, n. — Re-mon'etni-tlTe, a.
Syn. — Expostulate ; Remonstrate. — Expostulate is
used especially to signify remonstrance by a superior. A
son remonstrates against the harshness of a father ; a
father erposttila/es with his son on his waywardness.
I'b-r ' " - - ,. - _.
li Rem'O-ra (rfim'^-ri), n. [L.] The tucking fish.
a Remora (Eeheneis nauemtf»\ elinglni; to a Sand Shark (b)
( CarcfiaHat litlot uHn).
whose anterior dorsp.l fin is a sucking disk, by wliich it
can adhere to sharks, vessels, etc.
Re-aume' (ri-mOrs'), n. [OF. remors, it. L. remor-
derey -mar sum ^ to torment ; pref. re- -f- morflere to bite.]
1. Anguisli, like gnawing pain, exciteid by sense of guilt.
2. Sympathetic sorrow ; pity. — Re-moneffnl. a.
Syn. — Regret ; grief ; compassion. See CoMpmtcrioif.
Re-lllonMleW,a. Witliout remorse; having no pity ;
1^ ,L._ .._ j..,f^^,^ _ R^moi-Belese-ly, adv.
L\i. ii^aii.' .i,u;\, •!, ^L. t.norere^ -motum, to re-
mi^vcr. J 1. Kaiut^MMJ to a ili-fiiice; far away. 2. Not
agn-Piii^ ; alh*!! ; nut ooLiiig r,|iE» < tly ; primary ; not obvi-
on^ OT i^trFklnu. — Bl-msttlT^ r Jv. — R«-|note1lMHi, n.
Re-mount' 4 nicmut'). 1 . /. A L To mount again : to
li' i-n^iL-TsiJ . — »* . 0|if*t>rtiti]ity uf, or things necessary for,
n^iuDuntlng ; & f ruaii bone.
Re-molr'e-ble (-mS5v^-bM), a. Admitting of being
removed. — Re-HlOT'e-lllll-ty, n.
Re-mOT'Al, n. A removing, or being removed.
Re-move' (-m65v'), r. /. [L. removere, "motum ; pref.
r«»--j-moirr*tomove.] To move away; to change place ;
to displace. — n. 1. A removing .or being removed ;
removal. 2. Thing removed. 3. Distance through which
anything is removed ; interval ; stage. — Re-mOT'et, n.
Re-ma'ner-ate (-mti'n?r-at), r. /. [L. remunerare,
-rntum ; pref. re- -f- munus^ -neris, present.] To pay for
any service, loss, etc. — Re-ma'&er-a-tlle, a,
Syn. — To reward; satisfy: requite; pay; reimburse.
Re-mQ'lier-a'tion, n. l. A remunerating. 2. Equiv-
alent given, as for services, loss, or sufTeringM.
Syn. — Reward : recompense :compAnsAtion ; pay.
Ro-mQ'nor-a-tlTe (-&-tTv), Re-mn'iiei-A-to-ry (-tt-
rf), a. Affording remnneration.
II Re-nairstnoe' (F. re-nPt^xn^ ; E. rt-nls's^ns), n.
[F., fr. rennVre to be bom again.] A new birth, or re-
vival, (a) The revival of olasaical learning and art in
the 15th century, {b) Style of art then prevalent.
Re'nal (rS'nal), a. [L. renalis. It. renes the kidneys.
See Reiks.] Pert, to, or in the region of, the kidneys.
fam, recant. Orb, r^jde, f\tll, Am, f€>bd, fdbt, out, oil, chair, go, sins, ii|k, t4ien, tlilxu
BENABD
474
REPENT
Ran'ard (r6n'Srd)| n. [F., fox, name of the fox in a
celebrated epic poem of German oriffiD.I A fox.
R«-liayi'OtllOt (rt-niyaens), n, 1. The being renaa-
oent. 2. Renaiaiance.
Re-IUUi'Otlitt a. [L. retuueerUf p. pr. of reruuei to be
bom again; pref. re- 4- nasci to be bom.] 1. Sprinff-
Ing again into being ; being bora again, or reprodnoed.
2. Pert to the Renaiasaoce. [Rencounter.
Ren-OOnln (HSn-kBo'tSr : E. rto'kdx'tr'), n. [F.]
R«ll-001l]ltor (rSn-lconn'tSr), r.t.&L [F. reneontrer ;
pref. re- -}- OF. encontrer to encounter.] To meet unex-
pectedly; to encounter; toakirmiah. —n. A meeting of
two persona or bodies ; collision ; combat ; engagement.
Syn. — Combat ; fight ; conflict ; collision ; clash.
HMid (r8nd), v.t&i, Ufnp. & p. p. Rbnt (rSnt) ;
p./>r. &r6. n. RmDUfO.] \Ji&. rendan^ hrendanA 1.
To separate into parts suddenly or violently ; to split ; to
burst. 2. To tear away by force. — Rtnd'tr* n.
Syn. —To tear : break ; rupture : crack ; split.
lUll'dtr (rSn'der), v. t. [F. rendre^ LL. rend»re, fr.
L. reef-, re-^dare to give.] 1. To pay back ; to restore.
2. To inflict ; to requite. 3. To surrender. 4. To fur-
nish ; to state. 6. To cause to be or become. 6. To
translate from one language into another. 7. To inter-
pret ; to exhibit. 8. To try out (oil, lard, tallow, etc.)
from fatty animal subatancea. 9. To plaster (a wall),
without using lath. — Rao'dtr-A-ble, a.
Ren'des-TOUi (rXn'dS-vSd), n. [F. rendex-wmt^ prop-«
render yourselves, repair to a place. J 1. Place appointed
for a meeting. 2. A meeting by appointment. — > r. f. & *.
To assemble at a particular place.
Ren-ditloil (rSn-dTsh'fin), n. 1. A rendering ; wat'
render. 2. Translation ; rendering ; version.
Roid'lrool^ (rSnd'rSkO, n. Dv'namite for blasting.
Ren'e-gade (r6n^^gid), n. [Sp. renepado ; L. pref.
re- -h negare to deny.] An apostate.
Re-new' (r^nu')f v. t, 1. To make new again. 2.
To substitute for (an old right) a new one of like natttre.
3. To recommence ; to regenerate.— v. i. To become new;
to begin again. — Re-oeWA-ble, a. — Re-new'ftl, n.
Renl-flarm (rSnT-fdrm), a. [L. renes kidneys +
•form.] Shaped like a kidney.
Re-nltent (r^-ni't^t), a. [L. renitent^
•entis^ p. pr. of reniti to resist ; pref. re-
iftt/i to strive.] 1. Resisting pressure.
Persistently opposed. — Re-lllt«IIOe,
Re-nl'ten-qr. »•
Ren'net (rSn'nSt), n. [AS. rinnan^
rennan^ to run.] Inner, or mucous,
membrane of a calf^s stomach, used for R«nlfonn Leaf,
coagulating milk. [Written also runne/.]
Re-nonnce' (rt-nounsO, v. t. [F. renoneer^ L. rmvn-
tiate : pref. re- -f- nuntiare to announce, f r. nuncita mes-
senger.] 1. To declare against ; to disclaim. 2. To
forswear. — Re-Bonnoe'ment, n. — Re-noon'oer, n.
Syn. — ToRwcouwcb; Abjubk; Rkcamt; cast off: dis-
avow: disown: deny; forsake; quit: forego ; resira ;
give up : abdicate. —•To renounce Is to make an afHrmative
de'^lAration of abandonment. To abjure is to renounce
with the solemnity of an oath. To recant is to renounce
some proposition previously maintained.
Ren'O-vate (ren'i-vat), r. /. [L. renoi'are, -ratum ;
pref. »e- -j- norus new.] To renew. — Ren'O-Vft'tlOll, n.
Re-nown' (rft-nounO, »'• /. [F. renommer to name
again, celebrate ; pref. re- -f- nommer to name, L. nomm
a name. SeeNouK.I Tomakefamous.— n. The being
known ; celebrity ; fame. — Re-nown'ed-lT, adv.
Re-nowned' (-noimd'), a. Famous ; celebrated.
Syn. — Noted ; eminent : wonderfuL See Famous.
Rent (rSnt). imp. & p. p. of Rbnd.
Rent, n. [Fr. remf. j 1. Opening made by rending ;
break or breach ; tear. 2. Schism ; rapture of harmony.
Syn. — Fissure : breach : rupture ; tear : fracture.
Rent, n. [F. r^mte, It. L. reddUa, fr. reddere to give
back, pay. See Rbkdbb.] Periodical payment for use
of, for
m agree>
RenfA-Uika.
of property.— V. /. 1. To grant the i
a rent ; to lease. 2. To take and hole
menttopayrent^r. i. To bales
Beat roll, a list or aoooont of rents w income; rentaL
Rent'el, n. 1. A rent roll. 2. Sum total of renta.
Re-onn'Ol^llon (rl-nfin'sT-i'ahan cr -ahT-i'ahlin), tu
1. A renouncing. 2. Legal declination to take <Nit let-
ters of administration, or to aaanme an office, right, etc
Syn. — Renouncement ; diaavowal ; rejectioii.
Re-er^nn-lae (-Or'gan-is), v. t. & i. To orguixe
anew. — Re-er gan-l-iellon (•T-d'sh&n), n.
Rep (rCp), n. [Prob. oorrap. of rib."} A fabric of ailk
or wool, having a ribbed surface.
Re-pelr' (rt-ptr'), v. L [OF. repairier to return, fr. L.
repatriate to go home again ; pref. re- -)- patria native
country, fr. pater father.] To bo ; to beta&e one*s self.
Re-pelr', v. t. [V. rSparer^ L. reparare; pref. re- -f-
parare to prepare. J 1. To restore to a aoond or good
state after decay, injury, etc ; to restore ; to mend.
2. To make amends for (an injury, etc.) by an equivalent ;
to indemnify for. — Re-pelr'ft-lue, <i. — Re-puT'er, «.
Syn. — To reatore ; renew ; mend ; retrieve ; recrait.
— 1». 1. Restoration to a sound state after waste, in-
jury, etc. ; reparation. 2. Condition as to aoundneaa,
perfectness, etc. [paired or made good. I
Rep'e-n-Ue (rCp'&.ri-bn), o. Capable of being re-|
Rep'e-nllon (-ri'sh&n), n. 1. A renewing, or being
repaired. 2. A making amends for a wrong, injury,
etc. ; thins done or given ; satiafaction ; indemnity.
Syn. — Reatoration : repair ; reatitution ; amenaa.
Re-pex^e-tt^e (rt-pb^a-tTv), a. Repairing, or tend-
ing to repair. — n. That which repaira.
Rep'aF-tee' (rilp^ir-t jn, «. [F. repartie, fr. reparHr
to reply.] A smsjrt, reaay, and witty reidy.
Syn. — Retort ; reply. See Rbtobt.
Re-pnM' (rS-D&s'), r. t. To pass again ; to traTel over
in the opposite direction ; to pass a second time.
Re-|Muit' (-pistO, n. [OF. ; LL. repatttu^ fr. L. re-
patcere to feed agahi ; pref. re- 4- pa*cere<, paUnm, to
pasture.] 1. A taking food. 2. Meal ; refreshment.
Re-pey' (-ptO* «• ^ I- To pay back ; to refund. 2.
To recompense. — Re-peT'A-ble, a. — Re-pty'taeat, n,
Syn. — To refund ; restore : reimburse ; requite.
Re-peel' (-pSlOt f • t- [OF. rnpeler to call back ; pref.
re- 4- apeler to call, L. appetiare.'] To recall (a deed,
will, law, or statute) ; to revoke ; to rescind or abrogUe.
•> n. Revocation ; abrogation. — Re-peel'e-Me. o.
Syn. —To revoke ; rescind ; annul. See Abousb.
Re-peet' (-p«t'), r. /. [F. ripSter^ L. repetere ; pref.
re- -\- petere to fall upon, attack.] To go over again ; to
attempt, do, or utter again ; to iterate ; to recite.
Syn. — To renew ; relate ; rehearse. See RsmaaTB.
•>n. 1. A repeating; repetition. 2. That which is re-
peated. 3. Mark, or series of dots, placed before and
i
t=^=^
W
^=fc
RepeaL
after, or at the end of, a musical paaaage to be repeated
in performance.
Re-peet'ed-ly, adv. More than onoe ; indefinitely.
Re-peefer, n. One that repeats, (o) A watch with
a striking apparatus to indicate the time. (6) A repeat-
ing firearm, (r) Instrument for resending a telegr^ihlc
message automatically at an intermediate ptdnt. (<f ) One
who votes more than once at an election.
Re-pel' (-p81'), V. t. [L. repeUrre^ -pulnim ; pref. re-
-f pellere to drive.] 1. To drive back ; to check the ad-
vance of. 2. To resist. — Re-pel1er, n. — Re-prtlent,
a. & n. — Re-pellenoe, Re-pellen-oy, «.
Syn. - To repulse ; resist ; oppose ; reject ; refnae.
Re'pent (ri'pent), a. [L. repens, -penH*^ p. pr. of re-
pere to creep.] Prostrate and rooting ; — said of s^
^ S, 1, 5, a, long ; &, £, 1, 5| a, f, short ; senate, fivent^ tdea, dbey, Unite, c&ro, ttrm, Ask, |^, flmil.
REPENT
m
REPRISAL
lU-p6Bf (rt-pSof), v.i,&t. [F. M repentir ; L. pref .
r€- '\- poenitere to make repent, poent/ef me It repents
me, I repent. Bee PxinrairT.] To feel pain or regret
(for what one haa done or omitted to do).
R^-yonf antt a. Penitent. ^ n. One who repenta of
■in ; a penitent. — R«-p«llt'ail09t n.
Syn. — Begret ; componction. See CoMrmmoM.
wt-pM'pIO (-pS'pU), V. t. To people anew.
R#'pOT-4}aM' (-per-kQa^), r. /. [L. rtpercutere^ -cut-
MffA, to drive back ; pref. re- -\- pereutere. See Psbcus-
HOM.] To drive back ; to reflect ; to reverberate.
ii^pn-CfU^wUUL (-kliah'&n), n. A driving back, or
being driven back ; reflection ; reverberation.
II R^partOlrt' {F. rt^pftr^twi&r' ; E. rSp^r-twar), n.
[F. See Rbpbktort.] List of dramas, operaa,parU, etc.,
ready for performance.
RM^MT-tO-ry (rSp'Sr-tA-ry), n. [L. repertorium, fr.
rtpenre to find again ; prel. re- 4- parire to procure.]
1. Place where things are disposed so that they can be
easUy found, fl. Magazine ; storehouse. 3. Repertoire.
Rra'e-teilA' (-t-tSnd'), n. [L. repetendtu to be re-
peated, fr. repeicre to repeat.] That part of a cireulat-
u^g decimal which recurs continually.
Bsp'e-titlOII (-tTsh'fin), n. 1. A repeatfaig ; iteratioD.
2. Recital from memory. — Rep'e-tltlOIIS. a.
Srn.— Iteration: rehearsal. See Tactoloot.
Re-nlne' (rt-pin')t v. i. To continue pining
dalge In envy or complaint ; to murmur. — R^-pln'OT, n.
plisO,»./. • ' ^
[ace, conditi
nipply the w
R«-^toll1lll (-plfu^sh), V, t. [L. pref. re—i-j^enut
Ulb-Vlkaiff (rt-pin^), V. i. To continue pining ; to in-
lalge In envy or complaint ; to murmur. — R^-pln'OT, n.
B0-plAOt' (-plisOt V. /. 1. To place again ; to restore
to a former pUce, condition, etc. 2. To repay ; to re-
store. 3. To supply the want of. ~ Re-^UOd'limit, n.
fnlL] To fill again ; to stock anew ; to fill completely.
— R«-]dmillll-llMllt, n.
R«-pi6to' (-plStOf «• [lo replere, -ptetumy to fill up ;
pref. re- + plere to fill, plenuM f ull. ] Filled again ; com-
pletely filled ; abounding. — Re-ple^iOII, n.
R»-ple>¥^(rpl8v^n), n. [LL. replevina. SeeRBPLBVT.]
A perscmal action to recover goods wrongfully detained.
R»-ptoT^ (-y), r. /. [OF. rtpUvir^ LL. repletHreA
X. To get back, by a writ for that purpose (goods and
chattels wrongfully detahied), upon giving security. 2.
To bail . •> ». Replevin.
11 RmH-oa (ri$|/lT-k4), n. [It] A copy of a work of
art madA by the original artist.
Rcpll-CAtioa (-ki'sh&n), n. 1. Answer : reply. 2.
Plaintifl*s reply, in matten of fact, to defendant's plea.
R»-ply' (r«-plIO. V. I. [OF. replier^ F. r^pliquer, fr.
L. replica re to fold back, reply ; pref. re- -^ plica re to
fold.} To make a return in words, writing, or action ;
to answer, —v. t. To return for an answer.
Syn. — To answer : respond; rejoin.
— ». Something uid, written, or done in answer to
what is said, written, or done by another.
Syn. — Rbplt: Rbjoimdbr; Answer; response. — A
reply is a distinct response to a formal question or attack
in speech or writing. A rejoinder is a second reply (a
reply to a reply) in a controversy. The word answer is
used in two senses : (1), a mere response ; (2>, a decisive
confutation of an adversary's argument.
R«-P€rf (-p5rt0, V. t. [L. reportare to bring back ;
pref. re- -}- portare to bear or bring.] 1- To bring back,
as an answer ; to annmmce in return ; to relate (what
has been discovered by one sent to examine or investi-
gate). 2. To relate; to tell. 3. To make minutes of (a
speech, doings of a public body, etc.).
Syn* — ToreUte ; narrate; tell; recite: describe.
^ r. <. 1. To make a report, or response. 2. To pre-
sent one's self (to a superior officer, or one to whom
service is due) s^ be in readiness for orders or to do
■enrloe ; to give information, as of one's address, condi-
tion, etc. — n. What is reported ; rumor ; fame ; sound ;
noise ; official statement of facts ; account of a judicial
decision, or case argued, speech, debate, etc.
Syn. — Account ; relation; narration : detail: story.
R^-pOfftr (rl-pSrt^r), n. One who rep
who records law proceedings, legislative debates, or
current events for newspaper publication.
R^-POM' (-pB«0» »• '• ['• reposer; L. pref. re- -f
paueare to pausej 1. To lay at rest ; to calm or quiet ;
to compose. 2. To set ; to intrust. — r. i. 1. To rest.
2 To lie ; to be supported. — Re-pcWftl (-pSs'al), n.
Syn. — To lie ; recline ; sleep ; settle ; lodge ; amde.
Re-POM', n. 1. A lying at rest ; sleep ; quiet. 2.
Tranquillity ; compoeed manner or deportment.
Syn. — Rest ; recumbency ; ease ; quiet ; peace.
Re-pOSlt (-p5»1t), V. t. [L. reponere^ -posilum^ to put
back ; pref. re- -f- ponere to put.] To cause to rest or stay ;
stoi
lay away; _
EtfhWNld-tO-ry {•^'tt-Tf)i n. Place where things are
•red; depository. fagam. — Re^poi m^llOB. n. I
BO^POIMMK (•p5s-z8s' or -pOs-sSs'), v. t. To possess |
R^r«-lieild^ (rSp'rt-bSud'), r. /. [L. reprehendere,
-hensum ; pref. re- -^ prehendere to lay hold of.] To
reprove in order to restrain or prevent ; to censure.
lUp'r^-lMll'sl-ble (•bSn'sT-b^l), a. Worthy of repre-
hension; culpable. — Rep'X^-btll'sl-bU-naMh n. —
Rnf-hul'wiVlr, adv.
' Rfp^rrJmiffekni, n. Reproof ; blame ; disapproval
— Rep'r«-lMii'it¥t, Rep'r^-bto'io-nr, a.
8yn.— Censure : reproof ; reprimand. See ADMonrnoir.
R»^-prt ■any (r&'prt-zSnt'), V. t. To present again.
Rcp'Tt-MBt' (rep^rt-sSnf ), v. t. [F. reprhenier^ L.
repraetentare^ -latum ; pref. re- -f- praesentare to place
before.] 1. To present again or anew ; to exhibit the
image of; to typify. 2. To portray; to delineate. 3. To
act the part of ; to personate. 4. To stand in the place
of ; to act in behalf of. 6. To show ; to set forth ; to
describe. 6. To serve as a sign or ^mbol of.
Rep're-MII-Ultlon (rSp^rt-x^n-ti'shlin), n. 1. A rep-
resenting, or being represented. 2. That which repre-
sents, (a) A likeness, picture, or model. {Jb) A dramatic
performance, (c) A description or statement. (</) Body
of persons acting as representatives of a community.
Syn.— Description; show; likeness; sight.
Rc-pres'Ml-tJItlOIl (rS-pr<z^6n-ta'shan), n. A re-pre-
senting, or Iwing presented again ; new presentation.
Rtp'r^HMIlfa-tlTB (r«p'rft-z«ut'A.tTv), a. 1. Fitted
to represent; exhibiting a similitude. 2. Bearing the
character or power of another; acting for others. 3.
Conducted by deputies for the people. 4. Typical. — n.
1. One that represents (anything) ; that which exhibits
a likeness or similitude. 2. Agent, deputy, or substitute,
supplying the place of anotlier. 3. Member of the pop-
ular house in a legislature, or in Congress. \_U. 8.'\
Rt-prm^ (rS-prSs'), r. /. To press again.
Rs-praas' (r^prfis'), r. /. [L. reprimere, -presntmJ]
To press back ; to crush down or out ; to quell ; to sub-
due ; to suppress ; to keep back. — Re-prSM'tt, n. ~
Re-prMs'l-ble, a.— R»-prMsl¥e (-prSsav), a.—'Bm-
preMlve-ly, adv. — Re-iwM'alon (-prftih'fin). n.
Syn. — To crush; subdue; quell; curb; check.
Re-prtove' (-prSv'), r. t. [L. reurobarr to reject ; pref.
re- -f probore to try, prove. ] 1. To delay the punishment
of; to respite. 2. To relieve temporarily. -^n. 1. Sus-
pension of tlie execution of a sentence, esp. of a sentence
of death. 2. Interval of e'lse or relief ; respite.
Rap^-nuuill (rSp'rT-mfind), n. [L. rrprimmdnx, fr.
reprimere to check ; pref. re- -{-premere to press.] Severe
reproof ; reprehension. — f. /. To reprehend ; to rensure.
Syn. — To chide ; rebuke ; blame. See Rbphovk.
Re-prlnf (rS-prTnf ), r. /. 1. To print again ; to print
a new edition of. 2. To renew the impression of.
R^^prtaV (rS'prTntO, n. A second edition of any print-
ed work ; publication in one country of a work previously
published in another.
Re-prto'tl (r*-priz'«l), n. [F. reprhnilfe, fr. L. repre-
hendere.} 1. The taking from an enemy in retaliation
or indemnity. 2. Anything taken, or done, in retaliation.
fCm. recent, Orb, r)}de, f ^11, Oru, food, (c^t, out, oil, eliair, go, siug, igk, then, thin.
REPROACH
476
RESCRIPT
R**9i0aoll' (rt-prSohO, r. I. [F. reproeher; L. pref.
re- Again, againat, back -f prope near.] To attribute
blame to; to charge with a fault; toupbnUd.— n. 1. A
reproftohing ; ceneure mingled with contempt ; abusive
retfeoUona. 1. Cause of blame ; shame ; disgraoe. 3.
Object of censure, s^om, etc. — Re-MWOll'a-lklet a,
8yn. — Disrepute ; discredit : dishonor ; abuse ; vilifl-
cation ; insult: scorn : contempt ; shame ; infamy.
Re-prOMdl'Zttlt a* !• Expressing reproach; oppro-
brious. 8. Occasioning or deserving reproach ; base.
Sjrn. — Opprobrious ; contumelious : abusive ; insult-
ing ; scornful ; insolent ; scandalous ; base ; vile.
Uap'ro-lMt* (riSp'rlt-Mt), a. [L. reprobare^ -batum^
to disapprove^ condemn.] Abandoned to punishment ;
morally lost ; depraved. — n. One morally lost.
87 n. — Corrupt ; base ; vile. Bee Abamdokso.
«»r. t. 1. To disapprove with detestation ; to condemn
as unworthy. 2. To abandon to punishment without hope
of pardon. —Rep'ro-lMtlOII, n.
Syn. — To reprehend ; censure ; disown ; reject.
RirpriHllUM' (rS'pri-dCu'), v. t. To produce anin ;
to generata or beget ; to make a copy of. — Re'pnHlllO'-
tloo, n. — Re^pro^Qo^Tt, Re^pro^noto-ry, a.
Re-pfOOf (-prSbf), N. Censure : reproach.
Srn. — Reprehension ; rebuke. See AoMomnoK.
Re-pror'a-ble f-pr66v'4-b'i), «. "' '
Sjn.
- Blamable ; reprehensible ; culpa!
Reproof.
Worthy of reproof.
- bble.
Ro-prOTt' (-pr05v')» r. t. [OF. reprover^ it. L. repro-
-•^"D chide ^ '" ^ •
bare.'\ To c
» as blameworthy. — R^-pTOT'tr, n.
8yn.— To Rbtbotx : Rntnu ; Rbpbimahd ; reprehend ;
chide ; scold ; blame ; censure. —These words ail signify
expression of disapprobation. To reprove implies calm-
ness and self-poesession ; to rebuke a more excited and
personal feeling. A reproof may be administered long
after the offense is committed, usually for the reforma-
tion of the offender ; a rebuke is commonly given at the
moment of the wrong, by way of punishment and condem-
nation. A reprimand proceeds from a person invested
with authority, and is a formal and official act.
RaptABt (HIp'tant), a. [L. reptant^ -tantis^ p. pr. of
reptare^ intens. fr. repere to creep.] 1. Repent, or pros-
trate and rooting ; — said of plants. 8. Creeping ; crawl-
ing; — said of reptiles, worms, etc.
Rtp'tfle (-tTl), n, [F. ; L. reptilu^ fr. repere^ repftim.]
1. Creeping ; moving on the belly, or by Mtort legs. 8.
Groveling ; low ; vulgar. — > n. 1. A crawling or creeping
animal. 8. One of the Reptilia or Amphibia.
llRep-tUl-a (-tTlT-i), fi. pi. [NL.r A class of air-
breathing oviparous vertebrates, usually covered with
scales or bonv plates, including turtles, usards, serpents,
etc. — Rep-tUl-tn, a. & n.
Re-pntrllO (rt-pQbnTk), n. [F. ripubliqtte^ L. ret-
publiea commonwealth ; res affair -f pnblicus, publica^
public] A state in which sovereign pom-er resides in the
people, and Is exercised by representatives elected by
them ; a commonwealth.
Re-pQVUo-an (-IT-kan), a. 1. Pert, to a repnblic.
8. Consonant with the principles of a republic. — n. 1.
One who favors a republican form of government. 8. {n)
The American cliff swallow, which builds nests side bv
side, many together. (6) A South African weaver bird,
which builds many nestn together, under a rooflike
shelter, made of straw. — Re-imbllc-AII-bUB, n.
Re-puVUsb, r. /. To piibliah anew : to publish In
one country (a work flrst published in another) ; to revive
(a will) by reexecntion or codicil.— Re-pilb'll-Oatlmi, n.
Re-po'dl-ate (-pu'dT-Et), r, t. [L. repitduire, -o/wm.]
1. To cast off ; to have nothing to do with ; to renounce.
8. To divorce or discard (a wife, or a woman one has
promised to marrv). 3. To refuse to acknowledge or to pay
(debts, etc.). — Ro-po'tfl-ft'tor. n. — Re-mi'dl-a'tlOll, n.
Re-pilC'lUUloe (-pBe'nmiB), \ n. A being repugnant ;
Ra-pUf 'lUUI-OT (-nan-RJ^), ( strong instinctive an-
tagonism ; unwillinfrneM of mind, principles, Ptc.
Syn. — Aversion ; antipathy ; contrariety. See DniLncc.
Ra-pllC')UBt(rl-pQg'nont),a. [Ij. repugtutM^-tumli*^
p. pr. of repuffnare ; pref. re- -f pugnare to fight.] Di»*
posed to tight against ; hostile ; iucotisltiteiit ; refractory {
distasteful ; offensive. — Re-pofluuit-ly. adr.
Syn. — Opposite ; adverse: irreconcilable; inimicaL
Re-pnlM' (-piUs'), r. /. [L. repellere^ -pnUum, Baa
Repbl.] 1. To beat or drive back. 8. To repel by dis-
courtesy, coldness, or denial ; to send away. -»m. 1. A
repelliuff or being repelled. 8. Refusal ; failure.
R«-pU'l^ (-ptU'shOu). n. 1. A repulsing, or I
repelled. 3. Feeling of violent disgust; repugnance.
3. Power by which bodies, or the particles of bodies, are
made to recede from each other, or to resist each otber*s
nearer approach.
Re-piu'gi¥«f 'v- i- Serving, or able, to repulsa ; re-
pellent. 8. Cold; forbidding; offensive. — Ra-pol'-
■Ire-ly, adv. — Re-polldTt-iMMt n.
Re-pV'olUtft (-pOr'chts; 2), v. L To buy back or
again. — n. A repurchaiing.
Rep^-tft-ble (i^p'tt-tA-b'l), a. Haring, or worthy of,
good repute ; held in esteem. — R«p^-tA-U7, adt.
Srn. — Respectable; creditable; estimable.
RM^n-U'tUn, n. 1. Repute or estimation in which ona
is held ; character attributed to a person, thing, or action.
8. Favorable regard ; public esteem ; general credit.
Syn. — Credit ; repute ; esteem ; honor : fame.
Re-pott' (rt-pQf ), V. I. [F. r^puter^ L. repvlare to
think over ; pref. fv- -\-putare to count, think.] To hold
in thought ; to account ; to e»timste ; to reckon. -» n.
1. Character reputed or attributed ; reputation, good or
bad. 8. Credit or honor derived from common opinion ;
— opp. to disrepute. — R#-pllt'ed-ly, »dr.
Re-qnest' (-kHS»tO, n. [OE. A OF. rtrte^e, fr. L.
reqiiirere^ -qvUitum^ to seek again, ask for.] 1. An ask-
ing for anything desired ; exprMsion of desire or demand.
8. Thing reouested. 3. State of being deehred ; demand.
Syn. — Solicitation ; petition ; prayer ; entreaty ; sntt.
•>r. /. 1. To ask for (something); to acdidt. 8. To
address with a request ; to ask.
Syn. — To ask : solicit ; entreat ; beseech. See Bb».
Re'aili-eill (rFkwT-«m), n. [Ace. of L. requitt rMt,
fr. a Mass begliming " Reifuiem aetemam dona eis, Do-
mine,** give etenud rest to them, O Lord ; pref. re- -|-
quies ouiet.] 1. A Mass for the repose of a departed
soul. a. A musical composition in honor of one dead.
Re-qnlre' (-kwir'), r. /. [of. requerre; L. pref. re.
-f quaerere to ask.] 1. To demand ; to claim as by right
a!nd authority. 8. To exact as Indispensable ; to need.
3. To ask as a favor ; to request. — Rc-onlr'A-blt. a.
Syn. — To claim ; enjoin; prescribe; demand; need.
Re-Oplrt'mtllt, n. 1. A requiring ; demand ; requisi-
tion. 8. Thing required ; essential condition ; a need.
Rtq'lll-Stt* (^n^lrT•ITt), fi. Something required,
necessary, or indispensable. — a. Required by the natora
of things, or by circumstances. — RM'vltttO-ly, adv.
Rtq'Vi-gl'tlQn (-zTsh'Sn), n. 1. A requiring, as of
right ; demand made as by authority. 8. Quota of sup-
plies or necessaries. 3. Formal call ; summons.
Re-4|1llt'Al (rt-kwit'al), n. A requiting; retaro,good
or bad, for anything done ; recompense; punishment.
Syn. — Compensation ; reward; satisfection; retribu-
tion ; retaliation ; reprisal.
Re-qnIt*' (-kwif), «'. '. [Pref. re- -f om«.] To return
(sn equivalent) in good ; to return (evil) for evO.
Syn. — To repay ; recompense ; punish ; revenge.
Rero'dOS (rSr'dSe), n. [Fr. rear + F. dog back, L.
dormm.'\ {a) Screen behind an altar. (6) Back of a fire-
place. [AlfK) spelt reredosse.'\
Re-SOnd' (rt-RTnd'), r. /. [L. re^indert^ soUmm ;
rf. re- -f seindere to cut.] 1. To cut off ; to anouL
To vacate (an act) by the enactinff authority or by su-
perior authority ; to repeal.— Re-SOUlitea (-flshOin), n.
Syn. — To revoke : recall : re vers** : vacate ; void.
Re'KtXlpt (ryskrlpt). n. [L, resrriptum ; re- -f fcribere
to write.] 1. Emperor** edict. 8. Pope*s official decision.
ft, «, 1, 9, 0, kMif ; &, «, 1, 5, A, t. atMr^ ; Mnl^ <▼»(, td«^ 6bay, (knit^ oAra, lUm, aak, «U,
RESCUE
477
RESORT
Btt^OM (HMEt), V. L [OF. r$teourr§; L. prat re-
-|-esei(lir«todriT»oiit; ea oat -^qwitere to tihakB,'] To
am from way oonflnmnent, riolanoe, dragtr, or eril. ^
•!• A nwmilng — It Willi tf . n.
Syn«— To retake ;deliTer; Ubermte; releaae; lave.
Hi munih' (rS-aerob'), v. t. To aeftroli agaiu ; to ex-
ftmioe anew. — n. Diligent inquiry in aeeUng f»cte or
prlndplee ; o<mtintied search after truth.
Hrn.— InTesUgation; examination; scrutiny.
Be UMltfanoe (-sfim'blana), n. 1. A resembling;
lUcenees ; similarity. 2. A representation ; likeness.
8yii. — Bimilttude ; semblance ; ropresentatiou ; image.
R*-liailkto (-b*l), V. ^ [F. reuembler; pref. rf- -f
tembler to seem, fr. 1*. simUare^ timulare^ to imitate, (r.
Hmaia like, aimUar.] To be like or similar ta
BtlfV (-sfiuf ), v,t.&i, fF. rtMsentir; L. pref. re-
+ «eii/«re to f eel. ] 1. To be indignant at. 2. To exhibit
displeasure. — R«-MllVflll, a, — Re-MBtflll-ly, adv.
Rt-MllfBMIItt n. 1. A resenting. 2. Strong displeas*
ure ; hostility provoked by wrong or injury.
Syn* — RMKrriiBNT ; AKOsa ; irritation ; vexation ;
displeasure: grudge; indignation: wrath; rage; fury.
— Anger Is the broader term, denoting keen disapproba-
tioD (usually with a desire to punish) for what we feel to
be wrong. Rewntmeni is anger excited by personal injury.
RM'tr-Tt'tlOIl (HIx^r-Ti'shau), n. L A reserving, or
keeping back ; withholding from disclosure. 2. Some-
thii^ withheld. 3. A tract of public land reserved for
some special use. [£/. 8.} 4. A proviso.
Re-ttrr*' (rl-x8rv'), V. t. [U retervare.-vatum ; pref.
re- -|- servare to keep. See Bnvc] 1. To keep back ;
not to deliver or disclose. 2. To withhold from present
use for another purpose or time. — n. 1. A reserving,
or keeping back; reservation. 2. Thing reserved for
future use. 3. Thing excepted ; exception. 4. Caution.
6. Land reserved, or set apart, for a particular purpose.
6. A body of troops reserved to support other lines in
an exigenry. 7. Funds kept on hand to meet liabilities.
Syn. — Retention ; limitation; coldness; modesty.
R(i-MrT«d'(-zifrvd'), a.' 1. K?pt for special use. 2.
Rsstrained from freedom in words or actions ; backward ;
not frank. —Re-stnr'ed-ly (-i^rvOS l-iy), adr.
Rea'M'-T0lr(r8z'2r-vw8r'), n. [P.] Place where any-
thing Is kept in store ; place where water Is kept for use.
Ra-ltt' (rS-sSf), r. /. To set again. [set.,
Re'Mt (rS'sSt), n. 1. A resettins. 2. SimKliing re- 1
Re-llde' (rl-ild'), r. i. [F. rhider^ L. restderr ; pref.
re- -f- *<dere to sit.] 1. To dwell permanently. 2- To
Inhere ; to be as an attribute or element.
Sjm. — To dwell : sojourn ; abide ; ramain ; live.
R(Hi'l-dtllOt (rSzl-d^ns), n. 1. A rpsiding or dwell-
ing in a pl-uje. 2. Place where one reaidei* ; dwelling.
^Byn* — Domiciliation ; sojourn ; stiy ; abode ; home.
RMKl-diOtt a. Dwelling; residing on oue*s own es-
tate;— opp. to nonrendent. '^n. 1. One who resides
in a place for some time. 2. A diplomatic representa-
tive residing at a foreign court. ~ Resi-dtn'tlal (-d6n'-
atwl), a. [— n. On<^ who is resident. I
RorMtn^a-ry (-dSn'shi-rJ^ ), n. H tving residence. |
Syn. — Inhabitant ; inhabiter ; dweller ; sojourner.
R«-SlA'tt-ftl (rt-sTd'fl-al), Re-lifl'll-a-ry, a. Pert, to
a rMidue ; remaining after a pirt is t-iken.
Bssfdaary Isjates, the p'^rson to whom the residue of
personal e ttate ii beoueathed.
Ros'l-dne (rgzT-lu), n. [F. r^Wrfw, L. residuum^ fr.
reriduuM remaining, fr. midere to remain behind.]
1. That which remiins after n p<irt is t^ken or desig-
nated ; remnant ; remainder. 2. In chemistry, what re-
mains of a molecule after removal of a portion of its con-
stituents.
^yn. — Rsst ; r<min%nt ; renidnum ; remains ; relics.
R^^A'a-vm (rt-zYd'fi-fim), n. [L.] That which U
left after any process of separation or purification.
Rt-^lTn' (T!5-«InO, V. t. T> nStnx ap^in.
R*-Sifll' (r*-xln'), r. L [F. r^ .firmer, L. reslgnnre to
OBMAl, aanQl ; praf. rt- + ttgnatt to MaL] L To algn
back ; to yield ; to rabmit. 2. To relinquish ; to abandon.
Syn. — To RHiair ; RiLniQOisB : abdioate : sorrender ;
submit; leave; forego; quit; forsake; abandon; re-
nounce. —To reHim is to give up, as if breaking a seal
and yielding all it bad secured ; hence, it marks a formal
give up, as if breaking a seal
. ired ; hence, it marks a forma]
and deliberate surrender. To relinqvith is less formal,
but implies abandonment and that the thing given up has
been an object of pursuit, and has been prixed and denriMi.
Res^iff-natloil (rezag-ni'shttn), n. 1. A resigning or
^ving up (a claim, possession, oiBce, etc.). 2. The be-
ing resigned or submissive ; quiet or patient acquiescence.
Syn. — Surrender ; abandcmment ; submission ; acqui-
escence ; endurance. See Patuhcs.
Re-llflMa' (rft-zindO. a. Submissive ; yielding.
R«-«lPl-eilt (-zTlT-«nt), a. [L. railiens^ p. pr. fr. reH-
lire to spring back ; pref. re- -f- ealire to leap, spring. ] Re-
bounding; recoiUug. — R«-lll1-«IIOO, R«-llll-OIH)y, n.
Rm^ (rSxTn), n. [L. retina.^ A yeUowish soUd
inflammable substance, exuded from trees, a noncon-
ductor of electricity, and soluble in ether, alcohol, and
essential oils, but not in water. — RestB-OOl, (f.
Ra-SlSt' (rfi-slsf ), V. t. [F. risister, L. reristere, pref.
re- -{- sistere to cause to stand, v. causative of stare to
stand.] 1. To stand against; to withstand. 2. To
strive against ; to endeavor to counteract, defeat, or
frustrate. — Re-dst'tllt, a.&n. — Re-dSt'tllM, n.
Syn. — To oppose ; obstruct ; check ; thwart : baffle.
RMditi-bIa, a. Capableof being resisted.— R«-«lsf-
l-Ue-ntMh R»«lst'l-Mll-tr, n. -R^^tstl-bly, adv,
R«-fllst1«U, a. Incapable of being resisted.
R«l'04a-Ue (r«s^-lil.b'l), a. [L. resolubili*. See
Rbwlvb.] Admitting of being xeedved ; soluble.
Ros'O-lllte (-Int), a. [F. riwlu.} Havhig a decided
purpose ; determined ; bold ; firm ; steady. — Res'O-
into-ly, adr. — Ree^o-lnto-new, n.
Syn. — Steadfast ; constant; persevering; unshaken.
Res'O-la'tlOll, n. [F. rholtUiony L. resolatio.] 1. A
resolving ; the separating a compound into its component
parts ; the solving a difHcult problem. 2. The being re-
solved, settled, or determined ; firmness ; determination.
3. That which is determined ; a formal expression of the
opinion of an official body or public assembly, adopted
by vote. 4. Mathematical process of solving ; solution.
Syn. — Analysis ; separation ; dissolution ; firmness ;
peraeverauce ; fortitude ; resolve. See Dbcuioh.
Re-flOlT'a-ble (rl-zSlv'A-bn), a. Admitting of being
resolved ; admitting solution or explaiwtion.
Re-MflTe', V. t. [L. resoirere^ -tolutum, to untie,
loosen, reUx ; pref. re- -f- solvere to loosen, dissolve.]
1. To separate the component parts of ; to melt, or dis-
solve. 2. To reduce to simple notions ; to make clear or
certain ; to clear up (doubt). 3. To convince. 4. To
determine in purpose ; to fix. 6. To express (an opinion)
by resolution and vote. 6. To solve (a mathematical
problem) ; to find the result of. 7. To disperse or scat-
ter (an infl<^mmation, tumor, etc.).
Syn.— To solve; analyse; unravel; disentangle.
->r. i. 1. To be separated into its component parts or
distinct principles. 2. To melt; to dissolve. 3. To
form a purrwsM : to determine after reflection.
Syn. — To determine ; decide ; conclude ; purpose.
— n. 1. A resolving or making cleir : volution. 2. De-
cisive conclusion ; legal or official determination.
R^-Mlv'Ult, a. Having power to resolve ; causing
solution; solvent. — n. 1. That which can resolve, or
cause solution : a solvent. 2. A mathematical equation
upon whose solution the solution of a probl«>m depends.
Ros'O-ntnt (rfir'^-nant), a. [L. rexonanx, p. pr. of
rexonrrre to resound.] Rf>tnming sound; fitted to re-
sound ; echoing hark. — ReS^A-QVIQe, n.
Rd-BOTt' (r>-z8rtO, ♦'• I. [OF. resorHr to tak*» refufe,
LL. resorlirr,^ To go; to repair.— n. 1. A (rolntr to,
or making application : recourse. 2. Placn to which one
betakes himself ; haunt. 3. Resource; refuge.
fSm, r«c«nt, Orb, r^de, full, Qm, food, fo^ot, out, oil, chair, so, sins, i^k, then, thin.
RE-SOUND
478
RESTRICTION
(rS-«ound'), v. t. & i. To aoand anew.
Re-flOOnd' (rl-xound')« v. i. [OF. rtumer, L. resonate ;
pref . re- -f ionare to MUDd.] "L To aound loudly. 2. To
riug. 3. To reverberate ; to be reaonant. — r. /. 1. To
throw backf or return, the sound of ; to echo. 2. To cel-
ebrate with the voice, or sound of instnunents ; to extol.
— n. Echo.
Syn. — Toecho; re<$cho; reverberate; sound.
Ete-Mraroe' (-•Srs'), n. [F. ressource, f r. OF. reuourdre
to spriug up again ; pref. re- -f sourdre to spring forth.]
1. That to which one resorts for supply or support ;
means of overcoming a difficulty; expMieut. 2. pi.
Pecuniary means ; funds ; available capabilities.
Re-spMt' (-spHttO, r. /. [L. respectare^ intens. fr.
resvicere^ -«pectum^ to look back ; pref. re- -f tfricere to
look.] 1. To notice ; to heed. 2. To consider worthy
of esteem. 3. To have reference to ; to relate to.
Syn. — To regard ; esteem ; honor ; revere ; venerate.
— 12. 1. A giving particular consideration to; care;
caution. 2. Esteem; honor. 3. pi. An expression of
respect or deference ; regards. 4. Relation ; reference ;
regard. 6. Particular ; point regarded ; point of view.
Syn.— Attention ; regard ; estimation. See DsncBKKCi.
R»-Spect'a-ble, «. [F.] l. Worthy of respect ; of
good repute ; not mean. 2. Moderate in degree of ex-
cellence or in number. — Bn wmilt*! hlo ndi. R0-
■peot^a-lilll-ty, n.— Re-speofa-my, adv.
Re-speot^fni, a. Harked or characterized by resp«ot.
— Re-spoet^nl-ly, adv. — Rt-«pectfiil-iiMSf n.
Re-ffpeotlng, prep. With reirard to ; concemhig.
Re-spoo^ve (-spek'tTv). a. [F. regpecti/, LL. respee-
tiwji.'] 1. Looking tow^ ; having reference to ; rela-
tive, not absolute. 2. Particular ; own. [l^rly. I
Re-«peo'tlv»-l7, adv. As relathig to each ; particu-|
Re-ipell' (rS-speiO, r. /. To spell again.
Re-splr'a-llle (r#-8pir'*.bn or r8s'pT-r*.b'l), a. Suit-
able to De breathed ; fit for respiration.
R^pl-ntton (rSs'pT-rS'shttn}, n. 1. A respiring or
breathing again, or catching one's breath. 2. A taking
in and giving out air; process by which oxygen is in-
troduced into the mrstem, and carbonic acid removed.
Ras'pl-rm'tor (res'pI-rS'tSr), n. A cover for the mouth
or nose, to prevent inhalation of noxious substances.
Re-Splr'a-tO-ry (r^-«pir'A-t6-ry or rSs'pT-rA-), a. Pert
to, or serving for, respiration.
Re-cpire' (-spir*), v. i. & t. [L. respirare, -ralum ;
pref. re- re- -f tpirare to breathe.] To breathe.
Raa'plte (rSs'pTt), n. [OF. respite fr. L. re»pectiu
respect, delay, in LL., the deferring of a day.] 1. A
putting off ; postponement. 2. Pause ; reprieve.— v. t.
To give a respite to ; to postpone ; to reprieve.
Syn. — Pause ; stop ; cessation ; delay ; stay ; reprieve.
Re-flplen'dMlt (r$-sp]6nM«nt), a. [L. resplendenSj
•dentis, p. pr. of rexplendere to shine brightly ; pref re-
-I- spiendere to sh i ne. ] Shining brilliantl v. — Re-spton'-
dent-ly, adv. — Re-spleii'deiiM, Re-«]aeii'deii-oy, n.
Re-^MOd' (-spSndO, V. i. [L. remondere^ -spownnn;
pref. re- -f Jtpondere to promiee.] 1. To say something
in return ; to answer. 2. To act in sympathy with, or
in responsf* to ; to suit. — v. i. To answer.
Syn. - To answer ; reply ; rejoin. See Rbtlt.
Ro-tpond'ent, a. Dispoeed or expected to respond ;
answering. — 1». One who responds ; defendant.
Re-Sponse' (•spdns'), n. [OF., fr. L. re*pon*umy fr.
respondere.'] 1. A responding. 2. An answer or reply.
Re-8p01l'll-llle (-8p5n'sT-b'l), a. 1. Liable to respond ;
accountable ; amenable. 2. Able to respond or answer
for one's conduct and obligations ; trustworthy. 3. In-
volving responsibility or accountability. — Re-wpoil'll-
bU-new, Re-sp«ii^Bl-1»ll'l-ty» n. — Re-spon'il-tay, adv.
R«-BpOll'Blve (-bTv), a. 1. Ready or inclined to re-
spond. 2. Correspondent.
Re-Spon'lO-ry, a. Answering.
Rett (r6st), n. [AS.] 1. A state of qniet or repose ;
cmaation from motion or labor. 2. PMoe ; aecnrity.
3. Sleep ; alomber ; death. 4. That on which anything
rests or leans for support. 6. Short pause in reading
verse; cflesiira. 6. Silence in music or in ooe of its
parts ; character denoting such silence.
«^ Wbol*
¥^
Wbol*. BaU. Qai
ngkth. SU- TUrty- toigr-
Syn.— Rbst ; Rdobb ; cessation ; pause : intermisaion ;
stop ; stay ; slumber : quiet ; ease ; ttanqmllity ; peace.—
Jiest is a ceasiug from exerti<ni : repose is a mode of reet-
ing which givesTelief and refreshment after toil and labor.
— V. i. 1. To cease from action or motion, labor or ex-
ertion : to be still. 2. To lie ; to repose ; to lean. 3. To
stand firm ; to be fixed. 4. To sleep ; to be dead. 6. To
trust; to repose without anxiety .-»r. /. 1. To lay at
rest ; to quiet. 2. To cause to lean.
Rest, n. [F. reste, f r. re^er, L. restore to remain ;
pref. re- -f- stare to stand, stay.] Tliat which is left after
separation of a part ; remainaer.— t*. i. To remain.
Syn.— Overplus ; surplus ; remnant ; residue ; reserve.
RcsOan-nuit (resOi-rAnt), tt. [P., fr. rerfovfrr. See
Rbstokb.] An eating house.
llRe'»toll'ra'teiir'(rt/st5'rA't8r'),n. [F.] The keeper
of an eating house or a restaurant.
Rast'fnl (rest'f vl)t «• \ Behig at rest ; quiet. 2. Giv-
ing rest ; freeing from toil, trouble, etc.
Rortl-tatloa (res^tl-tu'alifin), n. [F. ; L. restitutio,
fr. restUuere ; pref. re- re- -|^ statuere to put, place.] 1.
A restoring anything to its rightful owner, or giving au
equivalent for loss or injury. 2. Compensation.
Syn. — Restoration ; return; amends; remuneratton.
R«rt^T» (r&tlv), a. [OF. restif, it. L. re*tare to
stay back, resist.] 1. Obstinate in refusing to move for-
ward ; stubborn. 2. Impatient under coercion or opposi-
tion; refractory. 3. Uneasy; restless.
RflStlMS, a. 1. Never resting ; unquiet ; uneasy.
2. Averse to repose or quiet ; eager for change ; dii con-
tented. — RwtleSS-ly, adv. — RMtleM-MM, n.
Syn.- Unquiet ; uneasy ; agitated: wanderiiig.
Re-«tor'a-ble (rt-st^r^A-bM), a. Admitting oi being
restored ; capable of being reclaimed.
Ros^to-n'tloil (rSsat-ri'shlin), n. 1. A restoring or
bringing back to a former place or condition ; a being re>
stored ; renewal. 2. Recovery of health, rtrength, etc
3. That which is restored or renewed.
Syn. — Recovery ; renewal; renovation: reiSsUbUab-
ment ; return ; revival ; restitution ; reparation.
Re-StlVa-tlve (rS-stSr'A-tTv), a. Pert, to restoration,
^n. Something which restores ; restorative medicine.
ReHrton' ^rS-stSrOt V' t. To store again.
Re-Ston' (rt-stCrO, v. t. [L. restattrare.'] 1. To
bring back to its former state ; to repair ; to renew : to
recover. 2. To give or bring back (something lost or
token away); to replace. 3. To re^tablisb. 4. To
give in place of, or as satisfaction for. — Re-StOf'Ur, n.
Syn. — To return ; replace ; recover: heal ; cure.
Re-(rtzaln' (-strinO, v. t. [L. restringere, -stricfMwt ;
pref. re- -\- stringere to draw or press together. See
St&aik.] 1. To draw back again ; to check ; to keep
down ; to curb. 2. To abridge ; to limit ; to restrict. —
Re-Btrain'tr, n. — Re-stninfft-Ue, o.
Syn. — To check ; stop ; repress ; coerce ; confine.
Re-StXlllIt' (-strinf), n. 1. A restraining, or hinder-
ing from action. 2. A being restrained. 3. That which
restrains, as a law, prohibition, etc. ; restriction.
Syn. — Repression : hindrance ; check ; stop ; curb.
Ro-StrlOt' (-strYkf ), V. t. [L. restringere, -sirictnm.
See RuTRAiN.] To restrain withha bounds ; to confine.
Syn. — To limit; circumscribe; represa; curb.
Re-«tzlotioil (-fftrlk'shfin), n. 1. A restricting, or
being restricted. 2. That which restricts ; restraint.
ft, «, 1, 3, a, k»f ; ft, fi, 1, 5, 0, ^, short ; senate, event, tdea, Obey, ttnite, cAra, ttnH Aak, tn, flBoL
RESTRICTIVE
479
RETRENCHMENT
BiB-WltKMftW (r*HtrTkt^T), o. Serring to rMtrict;
limiting. — R«-Stll0tl?»4T, adv.
R^-SUf (-sttltOf V. i. [F. Hsulter, ft. L. retultare^
-tatum, to ■pring back, t. intens. f r. retUire ; pref . re- +
M/<r«tolMp.] 1. To terminate; to have conaequencea ;
— followed by in. 2. To proceed, spring, or nae, as a
consequence, from facts, argnraents, circumstances, etc.
Syn. — To proceed ; rise : arise ; ensue ; terminate.
— ». 1. That whicti results; consequence or effect. 2.
Decision of a deliberatlre assembly ; resolve ; decree.
Srn. — Consequence ; issue ; event. Bee Efpict.
M-SBlfaiItt a. Resulting or issuing from a combina-
tion ; following as consequence. — n. That which results ;
resultant force or motion ; force which is the result of
two or more forces acting conjointly.
\\WWQ!W^{tt'*9.'nkV),n. [F. SeeBssiTMB.] A sum-
ming up; condensed statement ; recapituUtion.
Ba-SIDBt' (rl-z5m'), v. t. TL. rettimere^ -sumptum ;
pref. re- •+■ ntmere to take.] 1. To take back. 2. To
enter upon, or take up again. 3. To begin again. — R«-
■wmp'tlMl (-sQmp'shlin), n. — Re-S1impttT«, a.
KM^nr-no^tkNlCHIz'&r-rSk'shlin),!!. [F.rhurrection^
L. resurreetUt, fr. re- -f- surgere to rise.] 1. A rising
again ; resumption of vigor. 2. A rising again from the
dead. 3. State of being risen from the dead ; future state.
R«-SUi'0l-tate (r»-sfis'sT-at), v. t, & i. [L. resiuci-
tare^ -tatnm; pref. re- -\- tuscUare to raise, rouse.] To
revive ; to recover or restore from apparent death. — R0-
■BS'Ot-tft^tlOll, n. — R«-BluKoi-U-ttV». a.
Rtt (r<t),v./. [Akin to roi.] To prepare (flax) for use,by
■epauAkting the fibers from the woody part by soaking, etc.
Rt^tlllCri'til), n. [F. reiaUle piece cut off, shred ;
rttaUler to cut again ; pref. re- re- -h taiiler to cut.] Sale
of commodities in small quantities or parcels ; — opp. to
wholesale; sale of commodities at second hand. — a.
Done at retail — (r*-tilO r. /. 1. To seU in small quanti-
ties ; to sell directlv to the consumer. 2. To tell again
(what has been told or done) ; to report. — R0-tall'Mr, n.
R«-talll' (rt-tinO, V. L [F. retenir^ L. retinere ; pref.
re- -(- tenere to hold, keep.] 1. To continue to hold ; to
keep in possession ; to restrain from departure, escape,
etc 2. To employ by a preliminary fee paid ; to hire.
Syn. — To keep ; hcdd ; restrain. See Ksbp.
Rs-taln'er, n. 1. One that retains. 2. One retained ;
adherent. 3. A client's engaging a lawyer to manage his
cause ; fee paid to engage a lawyer.
Re-taka' (r&-tak'), r. /. 1. To take or receive again.
2. To tgke from a captor ; to recapture.
Re-tal1-ate (rt-tllT-it), v. t. &i. [L. retaliare, -atum ;
pref. re- -{- * word akin to talio retalintion.] To return
the like for ; to repay or requite in kind ; to return evil
for (evil). — Re-tllFi-A-tt¥», Re-Ull-A-to-ry, a.
Re-tal'l-a^on, n. A retaliating.
8yii. — Requital ; reprisal ; retribution ; punishment.
Re-tafd' (-tHrdO, V. t. [L. retardare, -datum ; pref.
re- -f ttarUtre to delay, fr. tardus slow.] 1. To keep de-
laying ; to render slow in progress. 2. To put off ; to
postpone. — Re-tafd'tr, n. — Re^tar-datlon, n.
Syn.*- To impede; hinder; obstruct; delay; defer.
R«tOh (r9ch or rSch), v. i. [AS. hrmcan to clear the
throat, hawk, fr. hraea throat.] To try to vomit.
n R«a« (ri'tt), n. [L.. a net.] A net : plexus.
R«-ttll'tlOB (rl-tSn'sliQn), n. 1. A retaining, or being
retained. 2. Power of retainiuir ; retentiveness.
R«-ttlltll», a. Able to retain.
R«tl-OMIt (rit^-a«it), ff. [L. reticens, p. pr. of reti-
eere to keep silence ; re- -f- Utcere to be silent.] Reserved ;
oncomrounicative. — Rat^-OOnoe, n.
R«tl-Cle (-kn). n. Small net ; reticule.
R«-tl0^-lar (r^-tTk'A-lSr), a. 1. Formed like a net
or network ; retiforra. 2. Pert, to a retirulum.
R«-tl0^1ate, Re-tlo'a-la^tad, a, l. Resembling net-
work ; netted. 2. Having veins or fibers crossing like
threads of network.
A being retlc-
Ra-ttCll-blllon (rt-tTk'tt-irshttn), n.
ulated, or netlike ; network.
ReMrOnle (rSt^-kul), n. [F. riticule^ L. reticulum,
dim. of re/e a net.] A little bag ; handbag.
U Re-tlO^-llim (rt-tTk'tt-lQm), n. [L., dim. of re/e.]
Second stomach of ruminants, in which folds of the mu-
cous membrane form hexagonal cells.
Ret^fomi (rSt^-fOrm), a. [L. reto + •form.'] Com-
posed of crossing lines and interstices; reticular.
Rttl-na (-ni), n. [NL., fr. L. re/e.] Membrane lin-
ing the back part of the globe of the eye. See Ets.
Retl-ime (-nu), «. [OK. & OF. re/enwe, f r. retenir
to retain, hire. See Rbtaisi .] Body ot retainers follow-
ing a distinguished person ; train of attendants ; suite.
Re-tlxa' (ri-tirO, f. '• [F. re/tre»- ; pref. re- + tirer
to draw.] 1. To withdraw ; to take away. 2. To with-
draw from circulation, or from the market ; to take up
and pay. 3. To cause to retire ; to place on the retired
list. — r. ». 1. To return ; to keep aloof ; to retreat.
2. To retreat from danger ; to withdraw from public
station, or from business. 3. To go to bed. •> n. A call
on a bugle, directing sitinuishers to retire, or fall back.
Syn. — To withdnw ; leave ;^ secede ; recede ; retreat.
Re-tlra'mailt, n. 1. A retiring or being retired ; witli-
drawal. 2. A place of privacy ; private abode.
Syn. — Retreat ; seclusion ; privacy. See Solitcdb.
Ra-ttrtllf , a. 1. Reserved ; ahy. 2. Pert, to, or
causing, ret&emeut.
Ra-tCKIt' (-tdrf), r. /. [L. reiorqutre^ -tortum: jonf.
re- -f- torquere to turn, twist.] 1. To bend back. 2. To
throw back; to reflect. 3. To return (an argument,
accusation, censure, etc. ). — v. i. To reply sharply.— n.
1. Reply to a charge, censure, taunt, etc. ; quick and
witty or severe response. 2. [F. relorte^ named from its
bent shape.] A chemist's vessel in which sub-
stances are subjected to distillation or decom-
position by heat.
Syn. — RrroRT; Rbpartb:
answer. — A retort is a pointed
reply, turning back an ossoil-
anVs arguments or derision. A
repartee is usually a good-na-
tured return to some sportive
remark.
Ma-tOOOh' (r6-tiich0. «*• '•
over and improve ; to revise.
Ra-traoa^(r«-tr£8'), r. /. 1. To trace back (a Une). 2.
To go over again in a reverse direction. 3. To trace over
again, or renew the outline of (a drawing) ; to draw again.
Ra-tract' (-trSkt'), v. /. & i. [L. retraetare, fr. retra-
here, -tractum, to draw back.] 1. To draw back ; to
draw up or shorten (claws, a muscle, etc.). 2. To with-
draw ; to disavow : to take back. — Ra-traot'Of. n.
Syn.— To recall; rescind; revoke: abjure; disown.
Ra-traot'a-lda. Ra-traoti-bla, Ra-traotHa (-H), a.
Capable of retraction : on pable of being dm wn back or up.
Ra'trao-tatloil (rS^trinc-a'shfin), ». Recantation.
Ra-tnu/tlOll (-trSk'shfin), n. 1. A retracting, or be-
ing retracted. 2. A withdrawing something stated,
claimed, or done ; declaration of change of opinion. 3-
A retractinff or shortening a severed muscle, a sinew,
etc. ; condition of a part when drawn back.
Ra-traotlva (-triOtttv), a. Serving to retract ; re-
tracting. — n. That which retract*, or withdraws.
Ra-traaf (-tr8t'), n. [F. retmite, fr. retrnire to with-
draw, L. reirnhere; pref. re- -f trahere to draw.] 1. A
retiring or withdrawing oneV nelf, esp. from what is dan-
gerous or disagreeable. 2. Place to which one retires ;
refuge ; asylum. 3. The retirinir of an army, ship, fleet,
etc. , from an enemy. — r. t. To mnke a retreat.
Syn. — Retirement; asylum: shelter: refuge.
Re-tranoh' (-trBnch'), r. /. * i", [OF. refrenrhier;
pref. re- -f- trenchier to cut.] 1. To cut off; to pare
away. 2. Tn leRiten. — R0-trailOli'in«mt. n.
Syn. — To lessen ; diminish ; curtail ; abridge.
Retort.
To touch again, or work
fSra, raoaot, Orb, r^de, fyll, Am, food, fc^t, out, oil, eliair, go, sing, iQk, then, thin.
RETRIBUTION
480
REVERSIBLE
B«t'fl-tatlon (r«t/rT-bS'«bfin),ii. [L. retributio, fr. L.
reiribuere to pay back ; pref. r©- 4" tribuere to bestow,
Say.] 1. Repay ment. 8. Return luitable to luerita or
eaerta of ; coodign puniahment for evil or wroug.
Syn. — Repayment ; requital ; recompense ; retaliation.
R^-tlttKll-tlVt (rt-trTh'u-tTv% i a. Pert, to retribu-
Re-tXlb^tO-ry (-trTb'tt-ti-r^), I tion ; involving re-
payment, [trieved or recovered. I
Re-tltoT'a-bl« (rt-triv'4-bn), a. Tbat may be re-|
Re-trltV'ftl, n. A retrieving.
Ra-trltW (-tr9v')« r. /. [OF. retrover to find again,
recover ; pref. re- -f trover to And.] 1- To find a^n ;
to recover; to restore from loaa or injury. 8. To recall;
to bring back. 3. To repair. ^ r. t. To discover and
bring in game tbat bas been killed or wounded.
Syn. — To recover; regain; recruit; repair; restore.
Re-txltT'tr, n. 1. One who retrieves. 8. A dog
trained to And and recover birds killed or wounded.
Re'tnHIOf (rS'trd-IkV or T^Vtt-), v. i, [Pref. retro-
-\- uet.'^ To act backward, in return, or in opposition.
—VLn'tn-uftUm, n. — Re'tio-Aonve, a.
R^trtHMdO (-sSd). V. t. To cede or grant back. —
V. i. To go back. — Wtto-cuB'tUm (-»««h'ttn), n.
Re'tro-giadt (-grSd), a. [L. retrogradi^ -greuui^ to
retrograde; retro + gradi to step.] 1. Apparently
moving backward, that is, from east to west, as a planet
8. Tending backward ; contrary ; — opp. to progressive,
3. Declining from a better to a worse state. -» r. i. 1.
To move backward. 8. To decline from a better to a
worse condition. — Re^tTO-gni-datlOII, Re^tlO-gltM'-
flton (-grSsh'ttn). n. — Re^tro-grWslTe (-grfe'sTv), a.
Retro-spoot (-sp8kt), v. t [L. retrospicere ; retro +
specere, spectum^ to look.] To look backward ; to affect
what is past. — n. A looking back ; contemplation of
the past. — Re'tro-spoo'tlaii, n. — Re'tro-speo'tlve, a.
R«trO-vert (-vSrt), v. t. [Pref. retro- -{- L. rertere,
versttm^ to turn.] To turn back. — Re'tro-Ter'sloil, n.
R»-t1|I]l' (rS-tQni'), v. t,Ai. To turn again.
Re-tnm' (r*-tfiruO, V. i. [F. retouimei-; pref. re- -|-
toumer to turn.] 1. To turn back : to go or come
again to the same place or condition. 8. To begin again
after ui interval ; to appear again. 3. To speak in an-
swer ; to reply ; to respond. 4. To revert ; to pass back
into possoBston. — v. t. 1. To bring, carry, send, or turn,
back. 8. To repay : to requite ; to retort. 3. To ren-
der Ua account). 4. To send back to a tribunal, or to
an office, with a certificate of what bas been done.
Syn. —To restore ; requite : repay ; render ; report.
— n. LA returning, or coming or sending back to
the same place or condition ; restitution ; retribution.
8. Thing returned; requital; answer; report of an
action performed, duty discharged, etc. ; profit on labor,
an investment, adventure, etc.
Re-tnm'a-Ua, a. 1. Capable of being returned. 8.
Legally required to be returned, given, or rendered.
Re-UUWr (-tuV), a. [L. rettuns, p. p. fr. retundere to
Uunt ; pref. re- 4- tundere to beat.] Hav-
ing the end rounded and slightly indented ;
as, a retune leaf.
H«-11lll0ll (-Sn'yttn), n. 1. A second
union ; union formed anew after separation,
secession, or discord. 8. An asseml>]ing of
persons who have been separated.
Re^Q-Blte' (rJ^tt-nit'). r, i. A i. To unite
again ; to join t^fter jwparation or variance.
Re-TSHF (-v51'), r. t. [L. rerelnre, 4atum^
to unveil, reveal : pref. re- 4- velum vell.1 RetuM
1. To make known (somethins concwalea Leaves,
or kept secret) ; to unveil : to disclose. 8. To communicaie
(what could not be known without supernatural ngency).
Syn. —To Rbtval : Drvrr.oR : disclose ; unveil | open :
Imwrt ; show. 8w Communicate. — To reienl is literally
to fift the veil, and make known what was concealed ; to
divulge is to scatter abroad, or make publicly known.
Re-TdlOe (i«-val'yt ; in the U. S. commml^ t^f^b^m,
n. [F. rh-eil^ fr. rh^eiUer to awake ; pref. re- -\- pref.
e*- (L. ez) + veiUtr to awake, L. vigtlare to watch.]
Morning itummous by beat of drum, or bugle blast.
Rav'Cl (rCv'ei), n. [OF.] A feast with noisy jollity ;
carousal.— r. i. 1. To feast riotously. 8. To indulge
without restraint.
R«V'«-la'tlMl (-^IS'shiin), n. X- A revealing or dis-
covering what was before unknown. 8. That which is
revealed. 3. Truths revealed by God to man ; tlie Bible.
4. The last book of the sacred canon ; the Apocalypse.
R«V'«l-«r,R. [Written also r^«//rr.] One who revels.
R^y'el-ry (-rj), ». Noisy festivity ; reveling.
Re-veoc^' (r«-%«iij'), r. I. [OF. revengier; pref. re-
-f- venffier to avenge, revenge, L. viudieare. i^ Vixn-
CATB.] 1. To inflict harm in return for (an injury, insult,
etc.); to exact satisfaction for ; to avenge. 8. To inflict
injury for, maliciously. — n. 1. A revenging ; vengeance.
8. Malignant wishing of evil to one who has injorad u^
Syn. — To avenge ; vindicate. See Avbmob.
Ro-¥«II|re'flll, a. Full of, or prime to, revei»e.
Syn. — Vindictive; vengeful; reaentful; uatteiooa.
R«V'e-niie (rfiv't-nu), n. [OF., fr. rereuir to return,
L. revenire; pref. re- + rn»»r* to come.] 1. Return
from an investment ; income. 8. Annual yield of taxea,
excise, customs, etc., which a nation collects for public use.
Re-TCr^ber-ftU (rt-vJraJr-it), ». /. [L. rererbermre,
-rotum, to strike back, repel ; pref. re- -f- verber whip,
rod.] 1. To send or drive back ; to echo (a sound) ; to
reflect (light or heat). 8. To force back ; to repel from
side to side. — v. «. 1. To resound ; to echo. 8. To be
reflected, repelled, or echoed. — Rt-TW'btr-A'tVt *»• —
Re-Ttr'iMr-a'tiM, n. — Re-Tar'btir-A-to-iT, a.
Re-V«n' (-vJr'), V. t. [L. revereri ; pref. re- 4- vtreri
to fear.] To regard with reverence, or re^tect and
affectioo, mingled with awe or fear.
Syn. — To venerate ; adore; reverence.
ReT'«r-tllce(r«\'8r-«i8),w. [L. rerer«n»«o.] 1. Pro-
found respect mingled with fear uid aflieotiou ; disposi-
tion to revere. 8. Token of respect : an obeiaanee.
3. One entitled to be revered ; — a title for prinAa, etc.
— r. /. To regard or treat with reverence : to venerate.
Syn. — AwB ; Rkvkssmcb ; Debad ; VutuATiOK ; hon-
or ; adoration. — Reverence is i^ strong sentiment at re-
spect and esteem, sometimes mingled slightly with fear.
Au-e is a mixed feeling of sublimity and dread in view of
something great or terrible, sublime or sacred. It does
not necessarily imply love. Dread is anxious fear in view
of an impending evil. Veneration is reverence in its strong-
est manifestations.
R^y^MT-end, a. Worthy of reverence ; — a title given
to clergymen.
RdT'er-MIt, a. 1. Disposed to revere ; bmnble ; re-
spectful. 8. Expressing reverence, submission, etc
Rev'MT-MI'tfai (-Sn'shal), a. Proceeding from, or ex-
pressing, reverence ; reverent. — R«T'gr-«BtiAl4y, **dv.
ReT'er-le, Rer'ar-y (r»v^r-3^), «. [F. rirerie, f r. rever
to dream, rave, be Hgbt-headed.] Irregular train of
thought occurring in meditation; deep musing; day-
dream, [or overthrowing.
He-T«r'Md(r#-v9r'sal),n. 1. A reversing. 8. Achsaget
Re-Terae' (-vSn/), o. FOB. & OF. rerers, L. revtrnis,
p. p. of reverter e. See Rktkbt.] Turned backward;
having a contrary or opposite direction ; contrary in kind.
— n. 1. That which is directlv contrary to >omelhing
else ; an opposite. 8. A reversing ; complete cliange in
ciniomstances or character ; misfortune ; check or de-
feat. 3. The back side. — 1>. /. 1. To turn back; to
face in a contrary direction. 8. To change totally ; to
alter to the opposite. 3. To turn upside down ; to in-
vert. 4. To overthrow ; to subvert. — R^-TglM'Isr, adv.
Syn. — To overturn ; invert ; overthrow ; subvert ; i^
ped : annul ; revoke ; undo.
Re-Ters'l-bld, o. 1. Capable of b<»ine reverr«s1. 8.
FiniHlied on both sidos, so thst either may be need.
ft, ft. 1. S. fl. long : A, fi. 1, 5, a, t> abort ; senate, ^vsnt. Idea, 6hey. AnItA. clire, Jirm, iUk. |^U flnAl.
REVERSION
481
RHEUMATISM
1 (rt-vSr'ah&n), n. [F. rSvernont L. rever-
tio a turning back.] 1. The retiiniiug of an estate to the
grantor or huhein. 2. Right to future poeaeaaion; suc-
. 3. A return towards tome ancestral tvpe ; ata-
- lU-'vaf'Mdoii-a-iyt a. & n. — Re-Tor'siOB-er, n.
Re-vart' (-v8rf )» v. t. [L. revertere^ -versum ; pref.
re- -4- vetiere to turn.] 1. To turn back ; to reverse.
2. To throw back ; to reflect. -» v. i. To return ; to come
back ; to change back. — Re-Ttftl-ble, Re-Ttrtlve, a.
Reftr-y (rSr'Jr.y), n. Reverie.
R«*irasf (r5-vtot'), V. t. [L. reveatire; pref. r«- -f-
rttHrt to clothe, fr. ve*li* garment.] 1. To clothe again ;
to robe. 8. To vest again with possession or office. —
V, {. To take effect again ; to revert to a former owner.
Re-¥tow' (-vu'), r. /. [L. revulere ; pref. re- -f- ri-
dere to see.] To go over and examine critically ; to
reoooalder ; to revise : to write a critical notice of ; to
inspect the state of (troops, etc.); to reexamine judi-
eiaily.— n. 1. A second or repeated view; reexamin-
ation ; retrospective survey. 8. A revision. 3. A criti-
cism; critique. 4. A periodical containing critical
assays upon new productions in literature, ar^ etc. 6.
An Inspection, as of troops, a naval force, etc. 6. Judicial
examination of the proceedings of a lower court by a
higher. 7. A lesson studied or recited for a second time.
— Re-Tltw'M', n.
8tii. — Survey ; revise; revision.
Re-Tll*' (-vUQ, V. L & ». [Pref. re- -\- OP. aviler to
d«|»eciat6 ; a (L. ad) -f vU vile.] To abuse with op-
probrious language ; to reproach. —Re-yll'or, n.
R«-irlM'ftl C-vis'al), n. A revising ; revision.
Re-TlM' (-via'), V. t. [F. reviiery fr. L. revidere,
-visum; pref. re- -|- ^fidere^ visum, to see.] 1. To re-
examine ; to look over for correction. 8. To compare
(a nroof sheet) with a previous proof of the same matter,
and mark again errors not corrected in the type. 3. To
review, alter, and amend. — n. LA review ; revision.
8. A proof sheet taken after correction. — Re-Tii'ar, n.
R^-Tfalon (-vTsh'fin), n. 1. A revising ; reexamhiation
for correction; review. 2. That which Is made by re vising.
" — . — Beviial ; revise ; review.
IK^Vi
•VlT'tl (-viv'al), n. A reviving, or being revived ;
period of religious awakening ; reanimation ; renewal.
RA-VlT'Al-Ult, n. One who promotes revivals of religion.
Ra-vIto' (-viv'), V. i, [L. revivere ; pref. re- -f vivere
tc live.] 1. To return to life ; to recover strength ; to
live anew. 8. To recover frpm a state of oblivion, neg-
lect, or depression. — r. /. 1. To restore to life ; to re-
animate. 8. To raise from coma, languor, or discourage-
ment; to bring into action after a suspension. 3. To
recover after a state of disuae. 4. To renew in the mind
or memory ; to reawaken. — Re-ylv'tr (-«r), n.
Re-VlTfl-fy (-vlva-ll), V. t. To cause to revive. —
R«-vlT'l-fl-oa'no]i, n.
Rrr'fHMI-Ue (r«/'8.k&-b']), a. Capable of being re-
voked. — R^y'iHui-ble-iiew, RercHit-liUI-tT, n.
RCT'O-ca'tton, n. {U revocatio.] 1. A calling back,
or being recalled ; recall. 8. Repeal ; reversaL
Re-TOkt' (rt-vBk'), r. t. [ L. revocare ; pref. re- -f vo-
care to call, f r. wz, voeis, voice.] To annul, by recalling
or taking back ; to reverse (something granted by special
act). — r. i. To fail to follow suit when holding a card of
the suit led. ^ n. A revoking.
8yn. — To recall ; repeal : reverse. Bee Abolish.
Re-T^' (r#-v51t'orr*-v51t0, r. i. [F. rSroUer, fr. L.
revolrere, revoiutum. SaeRsroLVs.] 1. To turn away;
to shrink with abhorrence. 8. To desert one party or
leader for another ; to rebel. 3. To be dingtisted ; to
feel nausea; — with a/.— r. t. To do violence to; to
ibock.— n. A revolting ; rebellion.— Re-VOlt'or, n.
Syn. — Sedition ; mutiny. Sev) iNsuRaBcnoir.
Bw^O-Wtkm (r«v/«.lu'Jinn), n. 1. A revolving, or
turning round on an axis or cent<>r ; rotation. 8. Return
to a point before occupieiJ ; a rolling back ; sraoeortime
measured by the regular return of a revolving body or
recurrence of similar events. 3. Motion of a heavenly
body in its orbit. 4. A radical change. 6. Overthrow
of one government, and substitution of another. — RtT'-
o-lntloii-ft-nr C-^rj^), a. & n. — Rer^o-lntloii-ist, n.
Rev'O-la'doil-lse, v. t. To cliange completely.
R«-VOlT»' (ri-vBlvO, r. i. [L. revolvere, -valutum;
pref. re- -f volvere to roll, turn round.] 1. To turn oo
an axis; to rotate. 8. To move in a curved path round a
center. 3. To pass in cycles. — r. /. 1. To cause to turn.
8. To turn over and over in the mind ; to reflect upon.
R«-¥lAT'tr, n. One that revolves ; a firearm with
several cham-
bers or bar-
rels arranged
an axis, and be
•uooessioQ by the
R«-Tlll'llO{l UvLiKshlin), n, [F. ;
L, Tti-tiixrry^ if, retfiir,-f\ -vultutn; pref.
re- 4- rettfre to pull.] 1. A drawing Mck.
Revolver. '• Sudden reaction; complete change of
feeling. — Re-VVl'ltVO, a. & n.
Re-ward' (-wj^rdO, r. /. [OF. rewarder, a form of
rtgarder, of Qerman origin, originally meanhig, to look
at, regard, regard as worthy.] To give in return ; to
requite ; to recompense. — n. 1. Thing given in return
for good or evil done or received ; recompense ; requital.
8. Fruit of one*s labor or works. 3. Compensation for
services. — R«-ward'a-ble, a. — R»-wai4'«r, n.
Syn. — Recompense : compensation : remuueratioa ;
pay ; requital ; retribution ; punishment.
Re7fliard(ra'n8rd or r8n'8rd),n. A fox. SeeRsKABO.
II IQia'dlliB (rS'kTs), n. ; pi. E. RRAcmsn (.«s), L.
Rhachidbs (rSkT-dSx). [Sue Rachis.] 1. The spine.
2. Midrib of a pinnately compound leaf; axis in a ra-
ceme, spike, panicle, or corymb. 3. Shaft of a feather.
RlUip'M-dlie (rSp'sft-diz), v. t. & i. To utter aa ■
rhapsody. — Rlup'BQ-dlBt, n.
Rlup'MKdy (-dj^), n. [Or. po^a, fr. ptu^^fUf a
rhapsocUst ; pdnrttv to stitch together -f- Mi^ song. See
One] 1. Recitation or song of a rhamodist ; portion of
an epic poem recited, at one time. 2. A disconnected
series of wild statements. 3. An irregular musical com-
position. — Rhap^odlo (-sSd^k), R£ap40dl<Ha, a.
Rlie'a (rS'A), n. The ramie or grass-cloth plant.
Rlie'a, n. [L., proper name.] A large South Amer-
ican ostrichlike bird.
Rhmlsll (i^n^sh), a. [L. Bhenut Rhine.] F«rt
to the river Rhine. — n. Rhine wine.
RheKim'O-tor ( ri-5m'«-t2r), n. [Or. ptiv to flow -f*
'tneter.'j [Written also reometer."] \. aistrument for
measuring the force of electrical currents. 8. Instm-
ment for measuring the velocity of blood in the arteries.
Rbe'O-aoope (rS^-skSp), n. [Or. jituf -f- -scitpeA
Instrument for detecting the presence or movement ox
currents, as of electricity.
Rhe'O-Btat (-stSt), n. [Or. fttlv -\- trrar^ atandfaig
still.] A contrivance for regulating the strength of ele(y
trical currents.
Rlie'O-tome (-t^m), n. [Or. pctr -f r<^iwtr to cut.]
Instrument to int«rru^t an electric current.
Rhet'O-llo (rSt'd-rlk), n. [Or. pipopuo) (sc r^x^),
fr. pi}Twp orator.] 1. Art of composition. 8. Oratory.
3. Artificial eloquence; fine language or declamation
without conviction. 4. Power of persuasion. — R]b#-
tor'lo-ftl (ri-tSra-kal), a. — Rhe-torfUHd-ly, adv.
Rhet'o-ri'Gian (-rlsh'an), n. 1. One well versed la
rhetoric. 2. A declaimer.
Rheum (mm), n. [Or. ^fia, fr. ^cty to flow.] A
serous or mucous discharge, esp. from the eves or nose.
RheV^a-timi (ru'mA-tTs*m), n. [Or. pcvyiariaM^,
fr. pevMaTi^e<70<u to have a flux, fr. ^vfia rh^um.] Pain-
ful iutlaiuuiatiou, usually of the joints and muscles, but
fflra, recant. Orb, r^de, fyll, Am, food, fo^t, out, oil, ohair, go, sins, i||k, tben, tlitn.
81
RHEUMY
482
RIDICULE
womBtixDM of tbe deeper orgAiu, as the heart. — BhtU
BUItIo (rv-mltTk), a. & n. [rheum. I
Bhmanfy (rnm'y), a. Pert to, or affected with,]
BllfHO {n'nt)y n. Money. [Cafa/J
R]ll-IIOO'«-rOjl (rt-n6«^-rSa), n. [L, fr. Gr. ^tMce-
pa»c, -WTO*; ^«« pu^, none -)- x^pac horn.] A pachyderm
of Aida and Africa, very hurge and powerful, and having
either one or two median horns on the snout.
RldllO-plM'ty (r:'u«-pllyty), n. [Rhino- + -pUuty.]
Tbe forming an artificud nose, by bringing down a piece
of flesh from the forehead.
Rld-loaM' (rt-z5m0, U Rlll-IO'llUI (-sS'roi), n. [Gr.
ai^0na mass of roots (of a tree), pi^a root.] A rootstock.
RlllX'0-pod (rTz'd-p9d or Ti^i£-), n. One of the Rhi-
sopoda.
II Rld-MP^^^A (rt-i5p^-dA), n. pi. [NL., fr. Gr. oi^a
root -f- -poda.} An extenaive class of Protoxoa, whose
ahells form chalk.
Rhc/dl-lim (rS^dT-Om), n. [NL.] A rare element of
the light platinum group, obtained as a white metal very
difficult to fuse.
RhO'dO^toll'dxail (-d«^«n'dr5n), n. [L., f r. Or. fto^
6fv6po¥ ; p66o¥ rose + ^^yipo*^ tree.] Small tree with
everareeu leaves and rose-colored or purple flowers.
Rhomb (rSmb or rSm ), n. [Or. p6tipo%
rhomb, spinning top, fr. piik^iv to turn or
whirL] jL An equilateral parallelogram,
or quadriUteral figure whose sides are
equal and the opponte sides parallel. The
angles may be unequal : if equal, it is a
aqnare. 8. A rhombohedron.— Rhooi'blo
(rSm'uTk), a.
RhomaM-ht'dxail (rOm'bt-hS'drSn), n.
p6fipoi -\- itpa seat, base.] A solid con-
tained by six rhomboids ; parallelopiped.
- Rhom'bo-liod'ilo (hMMk), Rhooi'-
bO-hfdna (-hi'dral), a.
Rhoninioid (rSm'boid), n,
/fecial^; ^^0$ -i- «^ •'
oblique-angled parallelogram
[Gr. pofi-
e.] An
Ilk
Rhomboh«dron.
-angle
rhomb, but having only the oppoeite sides
equal, the length and width oeing different. —
bolfl, Rhom-boid'ftl, n.
Rhom'blUi (rSm'blis), n. [L.] Rhomb.
RhalMtb (ru'Uirb), n. [OF. rubarbe^ rheubarbe, LL.
rheubarbarum.] A plant of several species, some bearing
fleshy leafstalks used in cookery and called pieplant,
while the root of others yields a cathartic medicine.
Rlmmb (r&m or rdmb), n. [F.] A line crossing
successive meridians at a constant angle.
RhynM (rim), n. [OE. ryme, rime, AS. rim number.]
[The Old Kngli»h spelling rime Is becoming again com-
mon.] 1. A composition in verse ; poetry. 8. Corre-
spondence of sound in the terminating syllables of verses.
3. Verses thus corresponding ; a couplet ; poem contain-
ing rhymes. 4. A word answering in sound to another.
— r. ^ 1. To make verses. 8. To accord in sound. —
r. /. To put into rhyme. — Rhym'tr, Rbjmbfmm, n.
Rhytlim (rTth^m or rTtii*m), n. [Gr. py$ii6i measured
motion, fr. pciy to flow.] 1. A dividing into short por-
tions by a regular succearion of motions, sounds, accents,
etc., as in music, poetry, dancing, etc. 3. Movement in
musical time. 3- Harmonious flow of vocal sounds. —
Rhythfinlc, Rhytli'iiilo-Al, n.
Rib (rTb), n. [AS.] 1. One of the curved bones sup-
Krting the walls of the thorax. 8. A curved timber, or
r, etc., in the side of a ship or in a vault, or extending
the cover of an umbrella ; prominent ridge, as in cloth.
3. Chief ncrvB of a leaf ; longitudinal ridge in a plant. —
V t. To f urtiiflh, inclose, or protect, with ribs.
RIb'ald (rlb'/Tld), n. [OE. A OK. ; cf. OHG. hripa
prostitute.] A foul-mouthed wretch.— a. Low; mean;
obscene. — Rib'ald-ry i-^)* »•
RlblKm (-bOn), ft. [OE. Jk OF. riban; cf. D. ringband
collar, necklace.] [Written also r<6<m<f, fifrtend.] 1. A
fillet of silk, for trimming drees, for bodges, etc 8. pi.
Driving reins. [Con/] —v. /. To adorn with ribbona.
Rloe (ris), n. [Gr.Spv^a, fr. Persian.] A cereal graca
and its edible seed, cultivated in warm climatea.
Bles paper, thin, delicate paper, brought from China, —
used for painting upon, ana for the manufacture of fancy
articles. Called also imA paper.
Rloll(rlch), o. [AS. rice. J 1. HavUig much property ;
~ opp. topoor. 8. Abounding ; copious. 3. Productive ;
fruitfuL 4. Composed of valuable materials or ingre-
dients ; precious ; sumptuous ; costly. 6. Abounding in
agreeable or nutritive qualities ; luscious ; high-flavored.
6. Not faint or delicate ; vivid. 7. Abounding in humor ;
entertaininff. {Colloq.'\ — Rkhly, adr.— RlohlMM, ft.
Syn. —Wealthy ; ample ; oostiy ; precious ; generooa.
Rloll'M (-<s), ft. pi. 1. That which makes one rich.
8. That which appears rich, sumptuous, precious, etc
Syn. — Wealth : omilence ; plenty ; abundance.
Rm(rTk),ft. [A8.Arycce.1 Stack of grain, straw, or
hay, in the open air.— v. i. To neap up (hay, etc. ) in ricks.
Rlok'OtS (-«to). n. pi. [Perh. fr. AS. vHgicn to bend,
E. wriagU.'] A aiscAse of children, characterised by a
bulky head, crooked spine and limbs, and inability to
stand and walk steadily. Called also raekUis.
RloTet-T (-it-S), a. 1. Affected with rickets. 8.
Feeble in the joints ; weak ; shaky. [pontine braid. }
Rlok'Xmdk' i-rtk'), n. Openwork edging made of ser- 1
RIO'O-Ohtt' (rTk'^-shlO, ft. [F.] A aUpping, as of a
ball along the ground or of a flat stone thrown aJtoog the
surface of water. •>«.». To skip with rebounds.
Rid (rTd), V. i. [imp. & p. p. Rn> or Riodsd : p. pr.
& vb. n. RioDUfo.] [AS. hreddan to deliver, liberate.]
To free ; to clear ; to disencumber (0/).
Rld'daiUW, ft. 1. A ridding or freeing ; a clearing op
or out. 8. Freedom; escape.
RlO'dflll (-d*n), p. p. of KiDi.
Rld'dto (rTd'd*l), ft. [AS. hridder; akin to L. eri-
brum, and to G. rein clean.] A coarse sieve. — v. /. 1.
To aeparate (grain from tbe chaff) with a riddle ; to pass
(wheat, coal, gravel, etc.) through a riddle. 8. To per-
forate like a riddle ; to make many holes in. — Rld'dltr, ft.
RId'dle, ft. [AS. rSdeU; fr. rXdan to advise, to
guess.] Something to be solved by conjecture ; puxslinff
enigma. — v. t. To solve ; to unriddle. — r. i. To speak
ambiguously or enigmatiodly. — Rld'dltr, ».
Rld« (rid\ V. i. Ump. Rodb (t«d) (Rn> [rTd], areka^
ic) ; p. p. RiDDBM (rid'd'n) (Rn>, archaic) i p. pr. & rh.
n. RiDiHO (riding).] [AS. rfdmt.l 1. To be carried oa
the back of (a bone^ etc.). 8. To oe borne in a carriage.
3. To float ; torest. 4. To manage a horse, as an eooo
trian. •>«./. To ait on, BO as to be carried. —ft. La
riding. 8. A road used as a place for riding.
Syn. — Rub; Ihavm. — Ritte originally meant to be
carried on horseback or in a vehicle. At present in Enc-
land, drive i» applied to progress in a carriage ; while ride
is appropriated to progress on a horse.
Rld'tr (rid'Sr), ft. 1. One that rides. 8. An addi-
tion or amendment to a document, attached 00 a sepa-
rate piece of paper ; additional clause annexed to a legis-
lative bill in course of passage.
Rldff* (rTJ), n. [AS. hrycg.'} 1. The back, or top of
the back ; a crest. 8. Range of mountidns, or upper
part of such a range. 3. A raised line or strip, as of
ground, metal, cloth, bone, etc 4. Intersection of two
surfaces forming a salient angle.— r. /. 1. To form a
ridge of ; to furnish with ridges. 8. To wrinkle.
Rldffe'pol*' (-pSlOi Rl^pe^^lMe' (-pS^^), RMg*^-
plate' (-platOt n. The timber forming the ridge of a
roof, into which the rafters are secured.
RldC^ i'S)* a. Having ridges ; rising In a ridge.
RMl-enla (rTdT-kuI), ft. [F. ; L. ridienium a Jest
See Ridiculous.] 1. An object of sport ; laughingstock.
8. RnmarkK designed to excite laughter with contempt.
Syn. — RiDicuLX ; DmaisiOH ; banter ; raillery ; bar-
a, e, 1, 3, a, long ; &, 6, 1, 5, 0, ti short ; senate, «ven^td•a, Obey, dnite, o4re, l&rm, Aak, nil, finoL
RIDICULOUS
483
RING
kwqnfi: modiecr; irony; aatire; sarcMm; gibe; jeer;
■wer. — RidicuU uauauy aicnifles good-naturod, fun-lor-
tng oppoeition without mauueat malice, wliUe deiision i»
eommonly bittei and •comf ul, and aometimea malignant.
—V. I, To laugh at mockingly or disparagingly.
871U —To banter ; rally ; satirise. Bee Dbridc
RMIO^toUl (rT-dTk't-lBs), a. [L. ridiculotus, ri-
dieuUu, it. ridere to laugh.] Fitted to excite ridicule ;
absmrd ; unworthy of serToua consideration.
87ii«— Laughable; droll; preposterous. SeeLvDicmovs.
Rllt(iif),a. [AS.fVV1 Prevailing; prevalent; abound-
ing. '-Rttl'lT, adv. — Rtfe'lMM, n.
BUttwSt (rtf rifO, n. [OE. rif and raj every parti-
ole, OF. rif ft rafA Refuse ; the lowest order of society.
Rira« (ri'fU), r. t. [F. rifier to rifle, sweep away.]
1. To seise and bear away by force. 8. To strip ; to
flSSil, n. [Akin to Dan. rifle or riffel the rifle of a
gun, ri^e/bdsse a rifle gun.] 1. A gun, the inside of
whose barrel is grooved with spiral channels, giving the
ban a rotary motion and aocuracv of fire. %, pi, k body
of soldiers armed with rifles. 3. A strip of wood cov-
ered with emery, etc, for sharpening scythes. — r. /.
1. To channel; to groove internally with spiral channels,
a. To whet (a scythe, etc.) with a rifle.
BlfIltHBail« n. A soldier armed with a rifle.
Rift (rift), n. [Written also reSt. ] [Dan. rift, f r. riv€
to rend.] 1. An opening made by riving or splitting ;
deft; fissure. 2. Shallow place in a stream; ford.-*
V, t. & i. To cleave ; to rive ; to split.
Rlf (rTg), r. /. [Norweg. rigga to bind, wrap round,
rig.] 1. To furnish with apparatus or gear ; to fit with
tackling. 2. To dress ; to equip, esp. fantastically. — n.
1. Peculiar fitting in shape, number, and arrangement
of saOs and nuuAs, which distinguishes different types of
▼easels. 2. Dress; odd clothing. iColtoq.']
BXgt n. [Cf. Weioolb.] A sportive or unbecoming
trick ; a frolic. — r. i. To play tricks.
Rlg'gMT (rTg'gSr), n. One who rigs or dresses ; one
whose occupation is to fit the rigging of a ship.
Big^tflag, n. Dress ; tackle ; the ropes, chains, etc.,
that support the masU and spars of a vessel, and serve
as jmrchases for adjusting the sails, etc
Right (rit), a. [ A& riht ; akin to O. recA/.*L. rectuM,
p. p. of rtgere to guide, rule.] 1. Straight ; direct ; not
crooked. S. Upright; erect; not oblique. 3. Con-
formed to justice, truth, and duty. 4. Pit ; proper ;
correct. 6. Real ; actual ; not spurious. 6. According
with truth ; not mistaken or wrong ; correct. 7. Pert,
to the (usually stronger) side of the body, — opposed to
the left. 8. Well placed or adjusted ; orderly ; correctly
done. 9. Designed to be pUc«d or worn outward.
At right aa^, so as to form right angles, as when one
Une crosses another perpendicularly. — Right aagls, angle
formed by one line meeting another
perpendicularly, as the angles ABD^
DEC,
Syn. — Straight; direct; perpen-
dkmlar; upright; lawful; rightful;
true : jost ; fit ; suitable ; becoming. .
•»a<fv. 1. In a right manner. 2. In ^!
a right or straightline : directly ; im- Right Angle*.
mediately ; next. 3. According to the law of God ; con-
forming to justice ; truly ; really. 4. In a great degree ;
▼ery ; wholly. — n. 1. That which is right or correct ;
adherence to duty ; freedom from guilt, error, or false-
hood ; justice ; integrity. 2. That to whicii one has a
just claim ; authority ; title ; claim ; ownership. 3. Side
opposite to the left. 4. The outward or finished surface
(of cloth, oarpet, etc.)— ». /. 1. To bring to the proper
position ; to set upright ; x> correct. 2. To do justice
to ; to relieve from wrong ; to vindicate. — r. ». To re-
cover the proper condition or position; to become upright.
Rlght'-AII'l^ (-iQ'gnd), a. Containing a right
angle or right angles.
Rlghf eou (rf'chOx), a. [AS. riktwU; riki right -|-
wU wise, haviug wisdom, prudent.] Dolug right ; yield-
ing to all their due ; free from wrong or sin. — Right'-
eoiLi-ly , adv. — RlghfM
Syn. — Upright ; Just ; godly ; equitable ; rightfuL
Rlghtlnl, a. 1. Consonant to justice. 2. Having
the fight or just claim according to law. 3. Belonging
or pOMesaed by just claim. — Rlghtfnl-ly, adv.
Syn. —Just ; lawful ; true ; honest ; equitable ; proper.
Rll^-hand' (ritOiind/), a. 1. Situated or being on
the right. 2. Chiefly relied on ; almost indispensable.
Rlfltf-hMld'ed, a. 1. Using thf right hand habitu-
ally, or more easily than the left. 2. Moving in the
direction of the hands of a watch. [tilineal. I
Rlght'-llBOd' (-UndOt a. Formed by right lines ; rec-j
stiff.]
indul-
RlghtlF* adv. With right ; properly ; exactly.
BlglAjrXfld), a. [L. rigidus, ft. rtgere to be
1. Firm ; no^ pliant ; not flexible. 2. Not lax or J
gent; severe: inflexible; strict.— Rlg^-ly> adv.—
Rlgld-lMM, RI-gldl-tT (rT-jTdT4j^), n.
Illg'IIUI-roto (rig'mA-rSI), f>. [For raoman roll, prop. ,
the devil's roll or list, the roll of deeds by which the
Scottish nobility subscribed allegiance to Edward I. of
^igland.] A succession of nons«^caI statements; fool-
ish talk.— a. Frivolous; foolish. [C0//09.]
llRffOf (ri'gBr), n. [L.] 1. Rigidity; stiffness.
2. ChilUnesa, with contraction of the skin; convulsive
tremor, as in the chill preceding a fever.
RIg'or (rlg-^r), n. [OE. & OF. rigour, fr. L. rig&r,
fr. Hjwre to be stiff.] [Written also Hgour.'] 1. Tlie
becoming stiff or rigid ; hardness. 2. Severity of cli-
mate or season ; inclemency. 3. Stiffness of opinion or
temper; rugged sternness ; relentless severity. 4. Ex-
actness without indulgence ; — opp. to lenity. 6. Severity
of life : voluntary submission to pain or mortiflcation.
Rlg/or-OIUI (-as), a. 1. Manifesting or favoring
rigor; allowing no abatement or mitigation; acrupu-
lously accurate; exact; relentless. 2. Severe; intense;
Inclement. — RIg'or-miS-lFt adv. — RIg'or-mUl Btli, n.
Rile (ril), V. t, [Bee R01L.I 1. To render turbid or
muddy ; to stir up ; to roil. 2. To vex.
llRl-ll«'T0(rl.lyt'v6),n. [It.] Relief , or projection
of a figure in sculpture.
Rm(rTl).n. [LO. rtZ/e.] A streamlet.
Rlly(ri'lt),a. Roily; turbid. [CoWoa.]
Rim (rTm), n. [AS. rima edge.] Border or margin
of a thinjg. — V. i. To furnish with a rim.
RImtMlM' (rTra'bSa'), n. A short cylinder connect-
ing a trunnion with the body of a cannon.
Rime (rim), n. [L. rima.'] A rent ; fissure ; crank.
RlllM,n. LAS.ArIm.] White frost ; hoarfrost.— r. <.
To f reeie or congeal into hoarfrost.
Rime, n. 8t^ of a ladder ; rung. [(rim'Sr), n. I
Rime, n. Rh vme. — r. <. «ft ^ To rhjrme. — Rbn'er I
S^^This spelling, which is etymologically preferable,
is coming into use again.
Rl-moie' (rt-mSsO, a. [L. ritnonu, it. nma a chink.]
Full of rimea, fissures, or chinks.
Rlml^ (rlm'pU), n. [AS. hrympele.} A fold or
wrinkle. — v. /. A i. To rumple.
RIm'y (rim'j^), a. Abounding with rime ; frosty.
Rind (rind), n. [AS. rind.] External covering of
flesh, fruit, trees, etc. : skin ; hide ; bark ; peel ; shell.
Rln^der-MSt (rTn'dSr-pest), n. [O., fr. rind, pi. Hn-
der, cattle 4* P^ plague. J Contagious distemper of neat
cattle, sheep, and goats ; — called also cattle ptagne.
Ring (rTng), v. t. limp. Rano (rSng) or Rdro (rfing) ;
f. p. Ruvo ; p. pr. & vb. n, Rnfonro.] [AS. hringan.^
, To cause to sound, esp. by striking (a metallic body).
2. To make (a sound), as by ringing a bell. — o. <. 1. To
sound, as a bell or sonorous body. 2. To sound loud ; to
resound or vibrate. 3. To be filled with report or talk.
— n. 1. A sound ; sound of vibrating metala. 2. A sound
continued, repeated, or reverberated.
ftn, reoent, ftrb^ r||do, f^ tan, ftfbd, ftfbt, ovt, oU, ehair, go, alng, iQk, then, thin.
RING
484
ROAST
llBC (rTof ), «. [AS. kring.l L A eirde, or drenlM
Um. 8. OlroiUar ornameat of preoiom mfttorial worn on
Um Anger, or AttoclMd to the ear, note, etc. 3. Circular
area for raoee or other eporU; arena. 4. lodoeed space
in whieh poglUata flsht ; prise flffhting. 6. A olrcular
groop of poraooa ; aclique ; combination of peraona for a
•elilali porpoee, as to control tlie market, diitribute offloea,
obtain contracts, etc — r. /. [imp. & p. p. RmoBD
(rTngd) ; p.pr,& vb. n. Rnfewe.] 1. To surround with
a ring ; to endrcle. 2. To make a ring around (a tree,
etc.) bjr cutting away the bark; to girdle. 3. To fit with
rinn. [through the aye. I
BlngnMt' (-bSltO, ». An eyebolt haT&ig a ringi
Rlna^OV*' H&vO> n, A European wild ^fdgeoa hav-
ing a white oreeoent on each side of the neck. Called also
wood pigeom^ and euthai.
BllirlMld'tr(-lid^r),n. Leader of a circle of dancers,
or of a number of persons acUng together ; leader of a
body of rioters, mnnneers, etc.
BEmglet, n. Small ring ; curl of hair.
Blng^om' (-wilrm'), fi. A contagious, ring-shaped
eruption of the skin caused by a TegeUa>le paradte.
Rlllk (rTnk), n. [Scot., a course, race ; prob. fr. AS.
Ar<fioringj 1. Space on ice marked off for the game of
eurlfug. %. Floor prepared for skirting on with roller
; building with such a floor.
• (rTns), V. t. [OF. Wticer, HnterA To wash
lightly; to cleanse with water after washing.— Blllfl'tr. n,
TlFot (ri'ttt^n. [OF. rtote.] 1. Wanton behaTior;
uproar ; tumult. 8. KxcesaiTe festivity ; revelry. 3.
Tumultuous disturbance of the pnbUc peace by an unlaw-
ful assembly. »v. i. To engage in riot ; to indulge in
excess of luxury, feasting, etc. ; to revet — Rftt-W, m.
— Bi'Ol-OllS, a. — Rl'0l-0Ui47, adv.
Rip (rip), V. L {imp. & p. o. Rippbd (rTpt) ; p.pr.A
vb. H. Rimne.] [AS. rifpan,] 1. To divide by cutting
or tearing. 2. To tear up for search or for alteration ; to
search to the bottom. 3. To saw (wood) lengthwise of
the fiber. •>». LA rent made by ripping ; a tear ; lacer-
ation. 2. Aworthless thing or penion ; scamp; debauchee;
prostitute ; worn-out horse. ISiang] 3. Water rougli-
ened by the meeting of opposing tides or ourrenta.
BI-mM-AII (rT-pS'rT-an), a. [L. riparitu^ fr. ripa a
bank.j Pert, to the bank of a river.
Rlpt (rip), o. [AS. ripe ; rip liarvest, rfpan to reap.]
1. Beady for reaping or gathering ; mature. 8. Mellow ;
perfected ; consummate. 3. Maturated or suppurated ;
ready to diMsharge. — Blpelj, adv. — Ripe'klMS, n.
Syn. — Mature ; complete ; finished. See MATuaa.
Ripken (rip'hi), r. {. To grow ripe; to mature or come
to perfection. — r. /. To cause to mature.
Blp^ (rTi/pn), V. i. [Cf. RuMpLB.] 1. To become
dimplea on the surface, as running water; to be cov-
•rod with undulations, as a field of grain. 2. To sound
like water running over a rough bottom, or the breakfatg
of ripples on the shore. •> v. t. To fret or dimple.— >m.
Dimpling of running water ; sound of little waves.
Bif^njy (-rip'), n. Foundation of stones thrown to-
gether In deep water or on a soft bottom.
RlM (rix), V. i. [imp. Boss (r5x) ; p. p. Ribbh (rTi'*n) ;
p. pr. & vft. n. Rnnro.l [A8.rlMm.j 1. To move from
a lower position to a higher ; to ascend. 2. To appear
above the horisnn ; to emerge into sight ; to proceed ; to
originate. 3. To increase in sixe, force, or vMue. 4. To
become excited or hostile ; to rebel ; to be promoted ; to
occur. 6. To ascend from the grave ; to come to life.
6. To terminate an official slttinK ; to adjourn. 7. To
ascend on a musical scale ; to take a higher pitch.
RIm (rfs or r!s), n. 1. A rising, or being rinen. 2.
Distance through which anything rises. 3. Spring;
•ouroe ; origin. 4. Increase of price, value, rank, etc.
6. Increase of sound ; awent of the voice.
Rte'tt (ris^r), n. 1. One who rises. 2. Upright piece
ol a step, from tread to tread.
Baxard; expoaore to
Rl3l-bto(rTsa-bn),a. CL. riHMfif, f^. rMtr*. rims,
to laugh.] 1. Having the faculty of laaghii« ; dispoaad
to laugh. 2. Exciting laoghter. 3. Used in, or e
inff. Uughter. -Rl^bU-SMML RIlil-Ml'My,
IJrt (risk), •. [F. rU9ue\ ~ * ^
loss, injury, or destruction.
Syn. --Peril ; Jeopardy ; expoaore. See Hsl
»r./. 1. To expose to risk or peril; to ventora. 8.1b
incur the danger of.
Syn. —To hasard ; peril ; endanger; Jeopard.
RliJE^ (-y), a. Attended with riak or danger.
Rltt (rit), n. [L. rUui. ] A performing divine or aol-
emn service ; solemn observance; form ; ordinance.
Rirm-«l(r1ftt-ol; 40), a. [L. rOiio/a, fr. HIm.] Pert.
to rites or a rituaL — ». 1. A preacribed form of per-
forming dirine service in a paitteular communion. 8.
Code of ceremonies obeerved by an organixatJoo. 8.
Book containing ritea to be observed. — Rtt'O-fd-ly, otfr.
Rtt'n-Al-lm, n. A system founded upon a ritual ;
adherence to a ritual.
Rtt^-«l-ist,ii. One attached to a ritual; one who ad-
vocatea or practioea ritualiam. » Rtftt^l-te'llo, a.
Rl'Vll (ri'vol), M. [F. ; L. rivalf neighbors havinc
the same brook in common, rivals, fr. rivHt brook.] One
in pursuit of the same object as another ; competitor ; an-
tagonist.—>a. Having the same pretensJops or dafana ;
competing for superiority. — > r. /. [imp. St p. p. Rrr aik>
(rfvald) or Rxtaixbd; p. pr. A vb. n. Bitaus* or
BiTALLDfo.] 1. To stand in competition with ; to striv*
tojnin some object hi oppoaitioo to. 8. To emulate.
Rfvll-rT (-ry). n. A rivaling, or beina a rivaL
Syn. — smulation ; competition. Bee EmrLATioK.
Rtrt (riv), v.t.&i. [imp. Bitbd (rivd) ; p. p. Bivsd
or RiYBii (rlv''n) ; p. pr. A vb. n. Rirmo.J [IceL r^a.}
To rend asunder ; to split; to cleave.
mm (rTv^r). n. [F. riviht, fr. L. Hpa bank or
shore.] Stream of water larger than a rivulet or brook.
Rtv'tt (-«t), n. [F., fr. river to rivet] A metallic
Sin or bolt needed or clfanohed at both ends. —-v. L
. To fssten with rivets. 8. To clinch ; to fasten firmly.
RiT^-l«t (-t-Wt), n. [It. rivoleUo, L. rivuhu, dim.
of rivus brook.] Small brook ; straamlat.
U RlS'dftOtt (rTks^di&^ar), n. Dutch sUvar ocnn ^).
RlZ'-dollar (-dSI'lSr). n. [Sw. rikmUtler, or Dim.
rigsdaler^ or D. Hjkadaalder^ or O. reichtlkaler^ dollar of
the realm.] A sUver coin of Denmari^ Holland, Nor-
way, etc., varying in value from 30 oenta to $1.10.
(rScii), i». Cockroach. [faBBily.|
,n. [OB rocAe.] Freab-watorflshof UieOarpI
Road (rSd), 11. [AS. rid.} 1. Place where one nu^
ride ; way for vehidea, persons, and animals ; highway.
2. Place where ships may ride at anchor.
Syn. — Highway ; street ; route ; coorae. Bee Wat.
RlMdlMd', n. Foundation (tiea, raila, etc) of a nO-
road ; material in place for travel on a common road.
Road'ltead (-stSd), n. An anchorage off shore.
Road'Stor, n. A horse, or bicvde, for use on common
roads rather than the racing track.
Roam (rSm), V. i. [Cf. AS. SrSman to rise, prob.
influenced by Rome; OF. romier pilgrim to Rome.]
To^ from puce to place ; to rove.— v. t. To wander over.
«>n. A roaming ; wandering ; ramble. — Rotflfir, i».
Syn. — To wander: rove; range; stron; ramble.
Roan (rOn), a. [V. rouan.] 1. Of bay, ch '
brown, or black color, with gray or white interspersed ;
— said of a horse. 2. Made of leather called roan. —a.
1. Color of a roan horse. 2. Leather made from sheep-
skin, tanned with sumac to imitate ongraincd moroceo.
Roar (rSr), r. i. & t. [AS. rUrian.l To cry loodly or
continuously; to bellow. «> a. Cry of a wild beaat or of
one in pain or anger ; continuous sound of cannoo, wind,
waves, etc. ; boisterous mirth. — Roar^OT, n.
Roast (rSst), r. /.« •'. [AS. Ayrston.] To cook by the
beatof afire.— n. Something roasted. --o. "* '
i, «, 1, 3, «, k»g ; &, «, T, A, O, t, short ; aanlte, 3ven^ Idea, Obey, Unite, €4x«, Urm, Ask, nn, flB^
ROB
485
ROMANCE
R«A (rSb), «. U [mmd. A p. p. Bobbu> (rSbd) ; p,pr,
St 9th n. SaBBve.f [OF. rooer^ of Q«nnan origfii.]
1. To Uke (■ometh&g) away from by force ; to plunder ;
to steal from. 2. To oepriTe (of).
Rfrtinbari n. One who robe, or ateala from another.
Syn. — Depredator ; plunderer ; brigand. See Tmxr.
RdblMr-yt n. Theft ; pillage ; larceny ; piracy.
"^ ' i (r5b), n. [F.] 1. Outer garment ; dreaa of state,
rank, ofBoe,etc
Bkin of an animal, used as a wrap.
lU. ir.1 ^-v. /. To inTOBt with robea ; to array.
RoblB (rSbOfn), n. [Prop, a pet name for Robert,
orig. mean-
ing, fame-
bright; OHG.
ruod (in comp. ;
akin to AS.
AriS glory) +
beraht bright]
A European
and American
singing bird, hay-
ing a raddidi breaki
Ro-lnistf
(J^' %^
m2; Ufd, SiitM^; ^^"•'*°" ««"" (Jftnrfa«vmloHa).
fr. rotmr strength, oak.] 1. Evincing strength ; strong ;
sinewy ; sound. 2. Violent ; rude. 3. Bequiring vigor.
— Ro-lrastly, adv. — Ro-1»1ISt1UM, n.
8yn. — Robust; Stboito; lusty; sinewy; sturdy;
vigorous : sound. — Robust means, literally, made of oak.
and implies toughness of muscle, connected with great
endurance. Strong denotes great physical force.
Rooll'Ol (rSehOit), n. [F., dim. fr. OHO. roccA coat.]
A linen garment, worn by bishops, etc.
R00k(r9k),n. [Akin to D. roib, O. rodten.] Distaff.
Rook, n. [AS. roce.] 1. Mass of stony material.
1. Geological deposit forming part of the earth's crust.
3. A fish, the striped bass.
Rook, V. L &{, [AS. roceian.^ To sway backward
and forward ; to vibrate ; to reel or totter.
Rook'o-woy (rOk'A-wi), t». [Prob. fr. Rockaway
beach.] A light, four-wheeled carriage.
RoOc^or, n. 1. One who rocks (esp. a cradle). 2.
Curving piece on which a cradle, chair, etc., rocks. 3.
Bocking-horse. 4. lUcking-chair.
Rook'Ot (-<t), n. [F. roquette^ fr. L. eruea.2 A cru-
ciferous plant sometimes eaten as a salad.
RoOk'Ot, n. [It. rocchetta^ fr. roeca distaff, of Ger-
man origin.] A firework projected through the air for
aignals and for pyrotechnic display.
RoOkl-IIOM, n. A beinff rocky.
Rook^K-OiuUr', n. Chair mounted on rockers.
Rook^l-Ho. 1. Full of rocks. 2. Hard ; obdurate.
Rod (rod), n. [Same as rood.'\ 1. Slender stick ; chas-
tisement; Dadge of oiBce; tyraunv; instrument for
measuring. 2. Measure of length (IG^ foet) ; perch ; pole.
RodO (r5d), imp. of Ridb.
Ro^dont (rS'dent), a. [L. rodent, -dentis, p. pr. of ro-
dere to gnaw.] 1. Gnawing ; biting ; corroding. 2. Pert,
to the Rodentia. — n. One of the ^"^7^^-^^
Bodentia. y^ ' "^v^
nRo-don1i-a(-d«n'shI-A),n.pt * -^^^
[NL.] An order of mammals
having two (rarely four) larae in-
dsor teeth in each jaw, distant
from the molar teeth. The rats,
squirrel*, rabbits, marmots, and
beavers bolong to tliis order.
Rod'O-mon-Udo' (rSd'^-mSn-
tiK), n. [F.,fT. It. Rodomonte SkiiH and Jaw» of a Ro-
a boaiiting hero in Ariosto's " Or- &";*<•?«<* Squirrel).
Undo Fiirioso."] Vain boasting; «•*"«»*•
rant. — r. i. To brag ; to bluster. [any deer. |
ROO (r5), n. [AS. rah.} A roebuck. (6) Female of |
loo (rS), i». [For roan^ OE. rowne ; akin to G. ro^fn.]
Spawn of fishes and amphibians.
RooHmok' (rS^b&kOt »• A small European and Asiatic
deer having erect, branched antlera.
Ro-galta (r6-gi'shfin), n. [L. rogatio, tt. rogare,
rogatum^ to ask, beg.] Litany ; supplication.
BOgno (rife), n. [F., proud, haughty.] 1. Orig., a
vagrant ; sturdy beggar ; vagabond ; tramp. 2. A knave ;
cheaL 3. One pleasantlv mischievous.— Rognlflh, a.
— Rogvlsh-lT, adr. — Rogvllll-IIOM, n.
Rogn'or-F (-er-j^), n. 1. Practices of a rogue ; cheat-
ing; fraud. 2. Arch tricks ; mischievousness.
RoQ (roil), V. t. [OB. roUen to wander. Bee Rilb.]
1. To render turbid by stirring. 2. To disturb (the tem-
per) ; to perplex.
Rolst'or (roister), v. i. [F. ntstre boor, clown.] To
bluster ; to swagger ; to bully.— Rolsf OT, Rolsf or-«, n.
RUO (rSl), n. [F. See Roll.] An actor's part or
character in a dnUna ; function assumed by anv one.
R(dl (rSl), V. I. [OF. roeler, roler, LL. rotulare, it. L.
rotulus U]Mb wheel, dim. of rota wheel] 1. To revolve
by tumbig over and over ; to move by turning, on an
axis. 2. To wrap round on itself ; to form into a spher-
ical body by caushig to turn over mad over. 3. To impel
forward with an easy motion. 4. To utter copiouslv, or
utter with a deep sound. 6. To press or level with a
roller. 6. To move upon rollers or small wheels. 7.
To beat (a drum) with rapid, continuous strokes ; to
sound a roll upon. — r. «. 1. To revolve upon an axis;
to turn over ud over. 2. To move on wheels. 3. To
be wound into a cylinder or ball. 4. To fall or tumble ;
— with over. 5. To perform a periodical revolution.
3. To turn ; to move circularly. 7. To move, as wsves,
with alternate swell and depression. 8. To incline first
to one side, then to the other ; to rock. 9. To wallow.
10. To spread imder a roller or roUing-pin. 11. To
beat a drum with very rapid strokes. 12. To make a
heavy rumbling noise. —n. 1. A roUing, or being rolled.
2. A roller ; revolving cylin^r. 3. That which is rolled
up ; scroll ; register ; nst. 4. A kind of shortened bread.
6. Oscillating movement of a vessel from side to side, in
a sea way. 6. A heavy, reverberatory sound. 7. Uni-
form beating of a drum with rapid strokes.
Syn. — Schedule ; catalogue ; register. See LiST.
RoU'or, n. 1. One that rolls ; a heavv cylinder used
in husbandry and the arts. 2. A bandage; fillet. 3.
One of a series of long, heavy waves rolling in upon a
coast. 4. Small wheel, as of a caster, roller skate, etc
6. An insect whose larva rolls up leaves.
ROlOlO (rWnrk), V. i, [Comip. tr./rolie.l To move
in a careless, swairgering manner ; to frolic. [Colloq.']
Rfdllng (rSl'Ing), a. 1. Rotating. 2. Moving on
wheels or rollers. 3. Haring gradual, rounded undula-
tionn of surface. [ U. S.l
SolUsg fldll. a mill furnished with heavy rolls, betwe<m
which heated metal is pasfted, to form it into sheets, rails,
etc. — BolUng stock, or BoUlag plant, the locomotivea and
vehicles of a railroad.
ROIliBg-pl]l^ n. Wooden cylinder for rolling out
paste or dough to a proper thickness.
Ro-molO (r6-mi'Tk), a. [NGr. *PtMAauc6«.l Pert, to
modem Greece and its langitage. — n. The modem Greek
lanffuage ; Hellenic ; Neo-Hellenic.
HOliijUl (r5'mon), a. [L. Romanut^ fr. Roma Rome.]
1. Pert, to Rome, or the Rnman people. 2. Pert, to the
Roman Catholic religion. 3. (a) Upright; erect; — said
of the type ordinarily used, as disting. fr. Italic charao*
ters. (b) Expressed in letters, not in figures, as I., IV.,
i., iv., etc. ; — said of numerals, as disting. fr. the Aro'
bie numerals, 1, 4, etc.— n. 1. A citisen of Rome. 2.
Roman t3rpe, letters, or print, collectively.
Soaaa Catholic, pertaining, or adhering, to the religion
of that church of which the pope is the spiritual head.
Ro-manoo' (r^t-mlns'), n. [LL. Romanice in the Bo-
ffirn, reoont, Orb| r^da, i^gH, flm, food, f <jbt, oat, oil, eliair, go, aing, ink, tben, thin.
ROMAKCER
486
ROSE
man language, In the rulgar tongue, i. 0m in the vulgar
language which sprang from Latin, fr. L. Romaniau Ro-
man, fr. RomanutA 1. A species of fictitious writing,
originally compoaeo in meter in the Romance dialects,
and afterward in prose ; any wonderful tale ; a sort of
novel, treating of extravagant adventures, of love, etc.
fl. A drecmiy, Imaginative habit of mind. 3. The dialects,
originally forms of Latin, now developed into Italian,
Bpuiish, French, etc. (called the Romanic language*). — >
a. Pert, to these dialects. — v. t. To tell romances ;
to indulge in extravagant stories. — Ro-mail'oer, n.
Re^lBAll-MqiW' (rS'man-^Ssk'), a. [F.] 1. Somewhat
resembling the Roman; — applied to the architectural
style of the later R<nnan empire, esp. to that prevailing
from the 8th century to the 12th. 8. Pert, to romance
or fable; fanciful. —n. Romanesque style.
RO-manlo (rft-minTk), a. 1. Pert, to Rome or its
people. 2. Pert, to the languages derived from the old
Roman. 3. Related to the Roman people by descent.
RoTnuUI-lSlll (rS'mon-Tz^m), n. The Roman Catholic
religion. — RoHum-Urt, n. [Catholic leligion. i
RoTnuUI-lse (-Iz), v.t.&L To turn to the Roman]
Ro-mantlo (•mio'tTk), a. 1. Pert, to romance ; in-
volving or resembling romance ; fanciful ; extravagant ;
unreaL 8. Entertaining ideas suited to a romance. 3.
Pert, to the style of medieval popular literature, as opp.
to the classical antique. 4. Wild; picturesque. — Ro-
nuutkHd-ly, adv. — R0-IIUUlti0-II6M« **•
Syn.— Fantastic ; wild ; chimerical. See SszmiiBHTAL.
Ro-nuuitl-Oillll (-tT-sls'm), n. Fondness for roman-
tic characteristics or effects.
Rom'a-Iiy (r5m'4-nj^), n. [Oypsy romanOy romani^
•cij*t gyiwy*] 1- A gypsy. 3. Language spoken among
themselves by the gypues. [Written also Rommany.'\
Romisll (rSmnsh), a. Pert, to Rome, or to the
Roman Catholic Church ; — used disparagingly.
Romp (rSmp), V. i. [A variant of ramp.] To play
rudely and boisterously.— n. 1. A girl given to boister-
ous p!^. 8. Rude, boisterous frolic ; rough sport. —
Rompiiii, a. — Romp'isli-ly, adv.
Rood (r6dd), n. [AS. rOd a cross ; akin to D. roede
rod.] 1. A representation of the cross with Christ hang-
ing on it. 2. A measure of 6| yards ; a rod ; perch ; pole.
3. The fourth of an acre, or 40 square rods.
Roof (r65f), n. [AS. hr6f top, roof.] 1. Cover of a
building. 8. That which resembles the covering or ceil-
ing of a house ; as, the roof of a cavern ; ro^fot the mouth.
» r. /. 1. To cover with a roof. 2. To incloee in a
house ; to shelter. [for a roof. I
Rowing, n. 1. A covering with a roof. 2. Materials!
RooHom, a. 1. Having no roof. 2. Shelterless;
homeless. [roof itself. I
Roof'troo' (-trS^), n. Beam in the angle of a roof ; the I
Rook (r06k), n. [F. roc, fr. Per. & Ar. rokh^ or rvkh."]
One of the four pieces placed on the comer squares of
the board in ohess : a castle.
Rook, n. [AS. hrOc ; aUn to Goth, hrukjan to crow.]
1. A European bird resembling the crow, but smaller.
2. A rapaciotis fellow ; sharper. —«.<.&*. To cheat.
Rook'or-y (-Sr-j^), n. 1. Breeding place of a colony
of rooks, seals, etc. 2. A dUapidated building with
many rooms and occupants ; cluster of mean buildings.
Room (rS&m), n. [AS. rfim.] 1. Unobstructed space ;
compass; extent of place, great or small. 2. Particular
portion of space appropriated for occupancy ; a place to
■it, stand, or lie. 3. Apartment ; chamber. 4. Possibility
of admission ; opportunity to act ; fit occasion. — v. ^
To occupy a room or rooms ; tolooge.
Syn* — Space ; compass ; scope ; latitude.
Roomful, n. As much or many as a room will hold.
Rooml-ly (-T-iy), adv. Spaciously.
Roomi-nOMm n. The being roomy ; spaciousness.
Room'BUItO', n. One of two or more occupying the
same room or rooms ; a chum.
(rOdm'y), a. Having amfde room ; spactou.
(rCaat), n. [AS. ArW.] 1. Pole on which
fowls rest at night; perch. 2. A oollectioo of fowls
roosting together. — v. i, 1. To ait, rest, or sleep, as
fowls on a pole ; to perch. 2. To lodge ; to sleep.
R00Bfar,n. Male of the domestic fowl ; cock. {U.8.'\
R00t(r6&t),v.t. [AS. tcr0tofi.] To turn pp the earth
with the snout, as swine.
Root, n. [IceL r6l (for vrffO-] !• The undergToand
portion of a plant. 2. An edible or
esculent root, esp. of plants produ-
cing a single root, as the beet, carrot,
etc. 3. That which resembles a
root in position or function, esp. as a
source of nourishment or support ;
that from which anything proceeds. «
(a) An ancestor or progenitor ; a ^
stem, {b) A primitive form of
speech; word from which other
words are formed ; radix, or radical,
(c) That factor of a quantity which
when multiplied into itself will pro-
duce that quantity. — V. i. 1. To
fix the ro<^ ; to take root and begin
to grow. 2. To be established. — O.
v.t. 1. To plant and fix deeply in
the earth ; to make deep or raoical ;
to estaUish. 2. To tear up by the
root ; to eradicate ; to extirpate ; —
with »0, oui. or away.
Rooitlot (-IBt), n. A radicle; i
little root.
Root'ltook' (-BtSkO, n. A perennial ondergroond
stem, producing leafy
stems or flower stems
from year to year; a
rhizome.
Root'y(-y),a. Full
of roots.
Root
aa Crown, or Head
of Root i b h Root-
let!} ccFlbera.
- ^T ^ 1 l»rirj» nooiMocK oi ofHomon ■ o«u.
N - u.. t .if ^ o Flowering Stem; bftSesnof former
braided at-m. . /• T-nwiMi Rud.
r&p.]
twisted
Bootatock of Solomon's Seal.
^ . Stems } c Teimuial Bud.
cord. 2. A row or
string of thhigs united by braiding, twining, etc — r. i.
To be formed into rope ; to draw out or extend into a
filament or thread. — v. t. 1. To fasten or tie with a
rope or cord. 2. To diride off, by a rope, so as to ha-
elude or exclude something. 3. To draw, as witii a rope ;
to entice ; to decoy. [Slang ^ U. 8.'\
ROP'ar-y (-2r-y), n. Place where ropes are made.
Ropo'walk' (rSp'wiikO, n. A long, covered walk, or
a low, level building, where ropes are manufactured.
ROP^ (-j^), a. Capable of bebig drawn into a thread,
as a glutinous substance ; stringy. — Ropl-non, n.
Ror'qiud Ci^r^kwal), n. [Norw. rorqnalut.] A very
larse North Atlantic whalebone whale.
Ro-flft'OOOUi (rft-za'shfis), a. [L. rotacetu^ fr. rom
rose.] 1. (a) Pert, to an order of plants of which the
rose (b the type. It includes plums and cherries, bramUes,
the strawberry, hawthorn, apples, pears, quinces, etc
(6) Like a rose. 2. Of a pure purplish pink ctdor.
Ro'M-ry (rS'zA-rj^), n. [LL. rosarium string of beads,
L. rotarium place planted with roses.] 1. A bed of roeee.
2. A series of prayers to be recited in order, on beads ;
string of beads by which the prayers are counted. 3. A
chaplet ; a garland ; collection of literary selections.
Rom (r5z), imp. of Rue
Rom, n. [AS. rose, L. rosa."] 1. A flower and shrub
of many species. 2. A rosette, esp. one worn oa a shoe.
3. Color of a rose ; rose-red ; i^nk.
Rossbsstls, Boss bag. Boss chate. a small yellowish long-
legged beetle, which eats the leaves of various plants, and
is very injurious to rosebushes, apple trees, grapevines,
etc. — Boss watsr, water tinctured with rosea by distlUa-
S, e, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, C, I, ft, O, ^, short ; senftte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, o4ra, linn, Ask, ||ll, fliMri.
ROSEATE
487
ROUND
, a drcular window filled with onift-
maatal tracery.
Bo'ae-ate (rS'z^-tt), a. 1. Full of rosea ; rosy. 2.
like a row io color or fragrance ; blooming.
Bm^buOf (rSs^bfidO, n. Flower of a roae before it
opens, or when bat partially open.
BOMlNUdi' (-b^ah'), i». Shrub bearing roaea.
ROM^ma-IT (-nuUrjr )t n. [L. rotmarinus ; rot dew -I-
marinut marine.] A labiate aiirub growing in warm oli-
matea, and haring a fragrant amell and pungent taate.
Ro^ettt' (rt-^tO, n, [F., dim. of rote a rose.] An
imitation of a rose by ribbons or other materiaL
ROM'-Wft'tair (rSx'wa'tSr), a, Havhig the odor of
rose water ; alfectedly nice or delicate ; sentimeutaL
Bosa'WOOd^ C-wddd'), n. A cabinet wood of dark red
color, obtained from sereral tropical leguminous trees.
ROII^ (rttsTn), n. [Variant of resin."] Hard, amber-
colored resin left after distilling off turpentine; colo-
phony. — V. /. To rub with rosin. — Bxmrbk-J (-^ ), a.
Bobtor (rOa'tSr), n. Register showing in what order
officers or troops are called on to serve.
Roallll (-trol), a. [L. rottralisy fr. rostrum beak.]
Pert, to the beak of an animal or ship ; like a rostrum.
Bna^tnUB (-triim), n. [L., beak, ship^s beak, fr. ro-
dere, rosum^ to gnaw.] 1. The beak or head of a ship.
%. pi. (RotTBA) The Beaks ; platform in the Roman
Forum where orations, funeral liarangues, etc., were de-
liTered ; -> so called because adomed^with the beaks of
captured Teaaela. 3. Stage for public speaking; pulpit.
4. Beaklike prolongation of an auimal^s tiead.
Rm^ (rSs']^), a. like a rose in color, form, or qual-
ities; blooming; red; blushing; adorned with roses.
Rot (rOt), V. 'i. & t. [AS. roUan.] To decompose ; to
putrefy ; to decay ; to ret. — ». 1. Process of rotting ;
decay ; putrefaction. 8. A disease in fruits, leaves, or
wood, supposed to be caused by minute fungL 3. [Cf.
0. roU glanders.] A fatal distemper of sheep and other
animals, caused by a worm iu the liver or gall bladder.
Rota-rr (rS'tA-rj^), a. [L. rota wheel.] Turning, as
A wheel on its axis ; rotatory.
Rotate (-ttt), a, [L. rotare, 4aium^ to turn like a
wheel, fr. roto.1 Having parte spread-
ing oat like a wheel ; wheel-ahi^ped. —
V, i. & t. 1. To turn, as a wheel,
round an axis ; to revolve. 8. To per-
form (an act, function, etc.) in turn ;
to hold office iu turn.— R«-UltlOII, ^
n, - R0lA-tl¥e, Ro^-tO-ry, a, ««*«»• CorolU.
RotOlM (r9?h), n. A very smaU arctic sea bird ; —
called also little auk^ dovekie^ roteh, rotehie, and $ea dove.
Roto (rSt), n. [OF., prob. of Qerman orighi.] A kind
oijcaitta; hurdy-gurdy.
Roto, n. [OF., road, path.] Repetition of forms of
qwech witliout attention to the meaning.
Ro^fiC (rCtl-fJr), n. [NL.] One of the Rotifera.
n RO-tiro-n (-tIf'«-rA), H. pi. [NL., fr. L. rota wheel
-^-ferre to bear.] An order of minute worms, numerous
in freah water, which usually have vibrating cilia on the
bead, resembling revolving wheels.
Rot'toB (rOf t'n), a. (IceL rotinn.'\ Having rotted ;
offensive to the smell ; unsafe. — BitHoii nmg. n.
Sottsu stoDs, a TOft stone, called also Tripoli (from the
country from which it was formerly brought), used in
grinding, polishing, and cleaning metallic substances.
8yn. — Putrefied ; carious ; unsound ; treacherous.
Ro-tnad' (rft-tttndO, a. [L. rotundus. See Round.]
1. Round ; circular ; spherical. 8. Complete ; entire.
— Ro-tnad'non, Ro-tunA'l-tF, n.
RO-tim'da (-tlinMA), n. [It. rotonda, fr. L. rotundus.]
A round building ; large round room.
RonolM (r55Bh), n. Ruche.
iBionf4f (rCytO, n, [F., properly p. p. of roti^r to
break upon the wheel, fr. rotie a wheel, L. roia.] One
devoted to sensual pleasure ; debauchee ; rake.
RougO (r5dzh), a. [F., fr. L. rubeuSf rubers red.]
Red.— !». 1., A red powder, consisting of ferric oxide,
used in polishing glass, metal, or gems, as a cosmetic,
etc 8. A oosmetlo for giving a red color to the cheeks
or lips. — > V. i. &t* To paint (the face) with rouge.
Roodl (rfif ), a. [OK rotQ, AS. rfiA.] 1. Havhig an
uneven surface ; not smooth or plain ; bouteroua ; coarse ;
shaggy; disordered. 8. T«arkfng refinement or polish;
harsh ; rude ; offensive to the ear ; carelesslv done ; want-
ing finish.— n. A bully ; rowdy.— odr. Rudely; roughly.
— V. /. 1. To roughen. 8. To make in a hastv, rough
manner; — with oti/.— Roachly, adv.^BOQgtluam, n.
RoagbfOUt' ('kAst'), 1'. t. 1. To form rudely, or with-
out nicety or elegance. 8. To plaster with a mixture
of lime sod sliella or pebbles, —n. 1. A rude model ;
rudimentary form of a tiling. 8. Plastering made of
lime, with shells or pebbles, for covering buildings.
Roiltli'dnW (-drfk')t V. t. To delineate coarsely.
Roagll'Ml (rlif'^n). v.t.Sii, To make or become rough.
Ronglt'llOir (-huO, V. t. To hew (timber, etc.)
coarsely, without smoothhig. [with points or calks. [
Roofll'feliod' (-ahOdOt a. Shod with shoes armed |
To rids roofhshod, to pursue a course regardleaa of the
distress it may cause others.
RoaladO' (r«5'lAdOt n. [F.l A run hi mosio.
II Ronloan' {rSiifW), n. ; pC F. RouLBAUX (F. -IS' ;
E. -15x0. R. RouiAAUs {AW). [F., a roll, dfan. fr. rWe,
roulle.] A little roll ; roll of coins put up in paper, etc.
Ron-lttto' (r5&-ISf ), n. [F., prop., a little wheel or
biOl. See Roll.] 1. A game of chance, played by roll-
ing a small ball round a circle divided into numbered
red and black spaces. 8. A small toothed wlieel rolled
by engravers over a plate, to rouglien the surface.
RomiOO (rouns), n. [Cf. F. ranehe round.] Handle
by which the bed of a liand press, holding the form of
type, etc., Is run in under the platen and out again.
Rooild (round), a. [OF. roond^ fr. L. rotundus, fr.
rota wheel.] 1. Having every portion of the surface or
circufaiference eoually distant from the centre: spher-
ical ; circular ; globular. 8. GylindricaL 3. &vuig a
curved outline or form; rotund; bulghig. 4. FiUl;
complete ; not fractionaL 6. Not inconMderat>le ; large ;
generous. 6. Uttered with a full tone. 7. Modified,
as a vowel, by contraction of the lip opening ; rounded ;
labUI. See Guide io Pronunciation, § 11. 8. Out-
spoken; plain and direct ; unqualified.
In rooad naasbsrs, approximately in even units, tens,
hundreds, etc — Boond roMn, a written petition, memo-
rial, protest, etc., the signatures to which are made in a
circle so aa not to indicate who aigned first.
Syn. — Circular ; spherical : globular ; globose ; orbic-
ular ; orbod ; cylindrical ; full ; plump ; rotund.
—11. 1. Anything round, as a circle, globe, ring. 8.
Series of changes ending where It began ; cycle ; period-
ical revolution. 3. Course of conduct performed by a
number of persons in turn. 4. A series of duties per-
formed in turn, and then repeated. 6. A circular dance.
0. Step of a ladder ; rundle or rung ; crossplece which
braces the legs of a chahr. 7. Short vocal piece, resem-
bling a catch, in which three or four voices follow each
other round in a species of canon in the unison. 8. Time
during which boxers are in actual contest ; a bout.
Bovnd of bssf; the part of the thigh below the aitchbone,
or between the rump and the leg. See lUust. of Bbkt.
<^adv. 1. On all sides; around. 8. Circularly; by re-
vel ving or revershog one^s position. 3. In cfarcumf erence.
4. From one side or party to another. 6. By or in a
circuit; back to the starting point. 6. Through a circle,
as of friends or houses. — prep. On every side of ;
around ; about. — r. /. 1. To make circular, spherical,
or cylindrical. 8. To surround ; to encompass. 3. To
complete ; to bring to a fit conclusion. 4. Togo round ;
togoabout(acomerorpofait). — r. «. 1. To grow round
ffm, rso«nt, Orb, r^yds, fyll, Am, fdbd, ftfbt, out, oil, chair, bo, ains, i^ then, thin.
ROUNDABOUT
488
RUDE
orftdl; to BttaiB to perfection. 2. To go or turn round;
to wheel about. — RoiUlAlT, adv. — Rovild'BMS, n.
R0Wld'a4Miat' (rouuu'i-bout^), a, 1. Gircuitoua : go-
ing round ; indirect. 8. Encircling ; oomprehenAire. — n.
1. Horisontal frame, on which children ride ; merry-go-
round. 8. Dance pwf ormed in a circle. 3. Jacket worn
bj boya, lailora, et«.
RovadllMld' (-bMOf n. A nickname for a Puritan.
ROUd'bOVM' (•houa^), n. 1. A cabin on the after
part of a quarter-deck. 2. Houae for locomotiToa, built
circularly around a turntable.
ROBBdlnCt Rooadllk. o. Somewhat round.
RoaDd'-«ima'd««d(-ehSl'dSrd), o. Havhig the
ahonldera stoo^^ng or pr^ecting ; round-backed.
RQIISO(rous),ii. [Cf. D. roMdrunkennen.] Carouaal.
Room, v. t Ai, [Prob. of Seand. origin.] 1. To
■tart from a lurking place. 8. To wake from repoae.
S. To itir to lively Uiought or action. — Rom'tr, n.
Root (rout), n. [AS. Arfi/on, ▼.] A bellowing ; uproar.
Rovt* n, LOF. route, LL. rupta, prop., a breaking, fr.
L. rumperet rup^m^ to break. ] 1. A tumultuous crowd ;
mob ; the rabble. 8. A being disorganized and tlurown
into confusion or panic. 8. A hurge erening party, —v. /.
To break the ranks of (troops) and put them to fliffht.
Syn. — To defeat ; dlaoomflt ; overpower ; overthrow.
Routt (r55t or rout), n. [OF., fr. L. mpta (sc. via),
fr. rumpert; lit., a broken or beaten path.] Course
traveled ; road or path ; march.
Ron-tlaf (rSO-tSttO, n. [F., fr. rouU.^ 1. A round
of business or pleasure, frequently returning. 8. Pro-
cedure rigidly adhered to by force of habit.
Roto (rCv), r. /. [Perh. fr. reer«.] 1. To draw
through an eve or aperture. 8. To draw out into flakes ;
to card (wool). 3. To twist slightly.
ROTtt V. i. [Cf. D. rooren to rob.] To wander ; to go
or paaa without certain direction. — n. A ramble. —
RoW.n. [brawl. iColloq.^\
Row (rou), ». [Abbr. fr. rouaeA Noisy quarrel;!
Row (r5), n, [AS. r3u>, riiioA A series of persons
or things In a continued line ; rank ; file.
Row (rO), V. /. [AS. rfhoan ; akin to L. ttmtu oar.]
1. Tb propM (a boat) with oars, along the surface of
water. 8. Tk> transport In a boat pn^wlled with oars.
— V. i. 1. To use the oar. 8. To be moved bv oars. —
n. A Towins ; excursion In a rowboat. — Row'or, n.
Row^dy (rou'd5^ ), ». One who engages in rows ; a
ruiBanly fellow. -- Row'tty-llll, a. — ROW^dy-lm, n.
ROW^OI (-91}, n. [LL. roUlla liUle wheel, dim. of L.
roUi wheel.] 1. Little wheel of a spur, with sharp points.
8. Roll of hair, silk, etc., passed through a horse*s flesh,
like a seton in human surgery. — r. /. \imp. & p. p.
RownAD (-nd) or Rowbllbd ; p. or. & vb. n. Rowkuxo
or RowKLuno. J To insert a rowel into.
ROW^OB (-Cn), M. [OB. row rough.] Second growth
of craaa In a season ; aftermath.
RowOook (rSnSk, eoUoq. rOllik), n. [AS. fiWoc, Ut.
oaWodfc.1 Fulcrum for an oar in rowing.
ROT'U (rol'an, a, [F. ; fr. L. regalu, fr. re*, regU,
king. J 1. Kingly ; pert, to the crown or the sovereign ;
suitable for a king or queen. 8. Noble ; magnificent ;
princely. 3. Under the patronage of royalty ; holding a
charter granted by the sovereign. — n. 1. Printing and
writing papers of particular sixes. 8. Small sail immedi-
ately above the topgallant saU. — Roy'al-ly, adv.
Srn. — R(*gal ; monarchical ; Imperial ; princely : ma-
jestic : illustrious ; noble ; magnanimous.
Roy'al-lm, ». Principlea of royalists.
Roy'al-lBt, n. Adherent of a lung ; one attached to
monarchical government.
RoTal-ty (-ty), n. [OF. roiatU.^ X. The being
royal; kingship; sovereignty. 2. Person of a sover-
eign : majerty. 3. Donudn ; province ; sphere. 4. That
which Is doe to a sovereign, as a seigniorage on money
coined at the mint, metals taken from mines, etc. ; tax
hi lieu of such share. 6. Share of the profit (of a b1iM|
forest, etcOt paid by the user to the owner of the pro|K
erty. 6. Duty paid by a manufacturer to the owner of
a patent or a copyright ; percentage paid to the owner
of an article by one who hires the use of it
Rvb (riib), V. L [Prob. of Cettlo orMn.] 1. To an^
iect (a body) to pressure and friction of something mov-
lug over its surface. 8. To graie ; to chafe. 3. To
smear. 4. To scour; to polish; to cleanse.— v. i, \.
To grate. 8. To fret ; to chafe. 3. To move or paaa
with dilBcnlty. — n. 1. A rubbing ; friction. 8. That
which rubs ; hindrance ; impediment ; a pinch.
RllblMr (rllba>Sr). n. 1. One that ruba ; tnatmaent
for rubbing, polishing, or cleaning; whetatooe; an
eraser, usually made of caoutchouc 8. In aome gmmea;
aa whist, the decisive game of a aeries. 3. Ind& rub>
ber ; caoutchouc 4. An overahoe made of India mblier.
[Co/Zov-]
.XadU rabber, caoutchouc : — orig. used to rub out pen-
cil marka. — Robber elotk, doth covered with caoutchooc
for excluding moisture.
Rvbldall (-bTsh), n. [OE. robowt, orig. an OF. pL
from an assumed aim. of ro6e, prob. in the sense of
trash.1 Waste or rejected matter ; trash ; d^bria.
\W» (-1 "^
R«5
[Fr.
OF. dim. of tcbe.
b»l), n.
See Rubbish.] 1. Water- worn or rough broken stooea,
broken bricks, etc., used in coarse masonry. 8. Rough
stone from the quarry.
Ro-bM'OOBt (rv-bSs^aent), a. [L. mteMMM, -em/O.
p. pr. of mbe*eere to grow red. fr. rubere to be red.]
Orowing or becommg red. — Ra-DM'OHWO, n.
RnnMknilld (ru'bl-kand), a. [L. rubiamduM, fr. m-
bere.1 Inclining to redness ; ruddy ; red.
RlinttO (rn^'l), II. [Russ.] Monetary unit of Rna-
sia, fai the gold coin, worth 77 cents. The silver ruble is
worth about 60 cents. [Written also rouble. ]
RnllriO (-brTk), a. [OE. & OF. rubHeke, fr. L. ra-
briea red chalk, title of a law (because written in red),
fr. ruber.} Part of a written or printed work c(dk>red
red, to dii^gulsh it from other portions ; title of a stat-
ute ; directions for the conduct of a church service.
Rinnte (ru^brTk), ) a. 1. Colored hi, or marked
RnlKlo-al (-brT-kol), i with, red ; phK^ in rubrics.
8. Pertaining to the rubric or rubrics.
RnlUl-oate (-brT-ktt), a. Marked with red.->r. t
To distinguish with red ; to arrange as in a rubric
Rllliy {'hS\ n. [F. rvMf, LL. rubimus, fr. L. ruheuM
red, akin to niber."] 1. A i»ecious stone of a carmine
red color, a crystallised variety of corundum. 8. Color
of a ruby. 3. English name for a else of type smaller
than nonpareil ; sgate.— >o. Red.
ly This line Is printed in ruby, or o^ato.
Rll0h0(r5&sh),fi. [F.] A phUted, quilled, or goffered
strip of lace, net, etc., used in place of coUara or cnlf*,
and as a trimming. [Written also rouehe.]
Rook (r&k), r. f. & i. [Icel. hruktaei to wrinkle,
hrukka wrhikle, fold.] To draw into wrinklea or folds ;
tocrense. — n. Wrinkle; crease.
Rnok, n. The common sort. [CoHoq."]
RllO-Uttoa(Hik-a'shfin),n. [L.f "
to belch.] A belching wind.
Rlldd(rQd),N. [AS. rtufv, akin to redtf red.] A fresh-
water European fish of the Carp family.
Rlld'dor(rttd'd8r),n. [AS. r0«er paddle.] !
by which a vessel is steeied. ,. tf^
Rnd'dy (-dy), a. [Cf. Rtod.]
1. Red, or reddish. 8. Of the
color of the human skin in high
health. — Rod'dl-IMM, n.
Rude (nid), a. [F., fr. L. rudUJ]
1. Characterised by ronghneaa ; \
lacking delicacy or refinement;
coarse. 2. Unformed by taste or « Tiller » 6 Rodder,
skill ; uncivil ; clownish ; raw ;
» rucUiUo, tr. ruetmre
a, e, I, o, G, long ; ii, «, I, tt, ft, % short ; sentte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, fknlte, cAre, lirm, iksk, «n, ftauri.
RUDELY
489
RUN
Ruff (Partmcena punnttx).
a Male ; b Female, or Re«ve.
; inolement ; banh ; fierce ; Inelegant ; not in
good tajte. — Rndaay (mdlj^), adv. — Rnde'lieM, n.
Sjiia— Rongb ; uneven ; nigged ; unxwlished ; uncouth ;
TQuie ; coane ; rulgar ; mucy ; surly ; churlish ; rarage ;
turbulent ; harsh ; severe. Bee Impbbtihbiti.
Bv^dJUmMIt (rn'dT-m^nt), n. [L. rudimentum^ fr. ru-
dU.'\ 1. That which is unformed or luideveloped ; prin-
ciple at the bottom of any development ; unfinished be-
rinning. 8. Element of any art or science ; first step.
3. Imperfect organ of an animal or plant, or one never
fttUy developed. —Rn'dl-llMn'Ul, Rll^di-meil'U*ry, a.
nlW (ni), ». [F. ; L. mla.] 1. A perennial herb of
heavy odor and bitter taste, used in medicine. 2. Bitter-
neas ; grief ; regret. ^ r. L To lament ; to grieve for. —
Rmlal, a. — RiM'flll-ly, adv. — Rll»tal-BMS, n.
Run (rttf), n. [P. r(mfU.'\ A game of cards, de-
veloped hito whist ; a trumping. * v. i. «fr f. To -trump.
R||fl,n. [Cf.Icel. ru/fun rough, uncombed.] 1. Mus-
lin or Unen collar plaited, crimped, or fluted. 2. Alow,
vibrating beat of a drum, not so loud as a roll ; a ruflfle.
3. (a) A limicoline bird of Europe and Asia allied to tlie
aandf^pers. The males
during the breeding season
have a raff of erectile feath-
ers on the neck. Tlie fe-
male is called rtevt^ or
rAeeve. (6) A variety of do-
mestic pigeon, having a ruff
on its neck. — r. /. 1. To
raffle; to disorder. 2. To
beat (a drum) with the ruff
or ruffle.
RalUlB (rtif'yan or
rlif'fT-an),ii. [OF., pimp,
libertine, rake; cf. OD.
roffen to pander.] A bois-
terous, cruel fellow; cutthroat. —a. Brutal; murder-
oos. — Rvfllan-ly, a. — Rnrflan-irai, n.
Rvffto (-''])* V. /. [Fr. ruff collar, drum beat,
tumult.] 1. To make into a ruff; to draw or contract
into packers, plaits, or folds ; to wrinkle. 2. To furnish
with ruffles. 3. To roughen the surface of . 4. To erect
(feathers) in a ruff. 6. To beat (a drum) with the ruff
or ruffle. 6. To agitate ; to disturb, ^v.i. 1. To play
loosely ; to flutter. 2. To be rough ; to Jar ; to swagger.
— >n. 1. That which is ruffled ; strip of lace, cambric,
«tc., used as a trimming; frill. 2. A being ruffled or
disturbed ; agitation ; commotion. 3. Ruff of a drum.
Rvlms (rn'fttsj, a. [L. r«/iM.] R-^ddish ; tawny.
Roc (rtlg), n. [Cf. 8w. rtigg tangled hair : prob. akin
toB.roti^A.] 1. Coarse, heavy friese. 2. Thick, nappy
fabric for covering a floor, hanging in a doorway as a
portiere, as a wrap to protect the le^s from cold, etc.
II Rll'f a (n)'K^)t »• / 1^' RuoJC (-jS). [L.] A wrinkle.
Rv'gatt (-gtt), a. [L. rugahu^ p. p. of rugare to
wrinkle, fr. rnga.] Having alternate riages and depres-
sions; wrinkled.
Rog'gtd (riig'gSd), <i. 1. Full of asperities on the
■arfaoe ; uneven. 2. Not neat or regular. 3. Rou(;h
with bristles or hair ; shaggv. 4. Harsh ; austere. 5.
Stormy ; turbulent ; rude. 6. Rough to the ear : in^ting.
7' Surly ; frowning. 8. Violent ; rude. 9. ViKorouH ;
robust ; hardy. — Rllf 'god-ly, adv. — Raff'KOd-ness, n.
Syika — Rough ; wrinkled ; cragged : coarse ; rude ;
barah; aastere; surly; sour; turbulent; stormy.
Rn-COM' (ry-g9s0« ^- U^ rvgosus. fr. ruga wrinkle.]
Wrinkled; full of wrinkles.— Rii-gai'l-ty(-R59^-ty), n.
Roto (njTn), n. [L. ruina, fr. nwre^ rutnm^ to
tumble down.] 1. A falling ; destruction ; overthrow.
2. Something fallen and become worthless from injury
or decay ; in jpf., remains of a destroyed or desolate
house, city, etc. 3. A being decayed or worthless.
4. That which promotes destruction. — v. t. To bring
to destruction ; to bring to poverty or bankruptcy.
Rll/|B-Atfcni (rn'Tn-E'shfin), n. A ruining ; rain.
Rn'ln-OIUI (*0s), o. 1. Causing ruin. 2. Ruined;
diUpiUated. — Raln-OIW-ly, adv. — Rll1ll-0IIS-BMS,».
8yn. — Dilapidated ; decayed ; baneful ; mischievoaa.
Rnl'a-ble (rnl'i-b*l), a. Conformable to rule.
Rule (ruOt **• [OE. & OF. renle^ fr. L. remda rnler.
rule, model, ir. regere^ rectum, to direct.] 1. Prescribed
guide for conduct ; authoritative enactment ; regulation.
2. Administration of law ; government ; oontroL 3. De-
terminate method for periorming a mathematical opera-
tion. 4. Strip of wood, etc., used as a guide In drawing
a straight line ; ruler.
Syn. — Regidation ; Uw ; order ; control ; sway.
— r. /. 1. To control the will and actions of; to gov-
ern ; to guide. 2. To fix by general consent or common
practice. 3. To mark with lines guided by a rule or ruler.
— V. t*. 1. To exercise supreme authority. 2. To keep
witlihi a (certain) range (ot price, etc.) for a time.
Rnl'MT, n. 1. Oue who rules; governor. 2. A strip
of wood, metal, etc.. for drawing lines.
Rum (rflm), n. [Prob. fr. Prov. E. rumbullion great
tumult, applied in Barbadoes to an hitoxicating liquor.]
Spirit distilled from cane juice or molweses.
Rmn, a. [Orig., rome^ slang word for good.] Old-
fashioned ; queer ; odd. [Slang]
Rmnllle (rflm'bU), v. i. [Ok. romhlen.'] To make
a low, heavy, continued sound. —n. 1. A low, contin-
uous sound like that of heavy wagona or of thunder.
2. A seat for servants, behind a carriage.
II Rll'men (ni'mSn), n. [L. rumen, -minis, throat.]
1. First stomach of a ruminant. 2. Cud of a ruminant.
Ru'Ui-liailt (-mT-n/int), a. [L. ruminant, -nantitf
p. pr. See Rumimatb.] Chewing the cud ; pert, to the
Rumlnantia. — n . A ruminant animal.
II Rn'ml-nan'tl-a (-nXn'ahT-4), n. pi. [NL.] A divi-
sion of animals having four stom-
achs, and Including the camels,
deer, goats, slieep, neat cattle, etc.
S^g*~ T»je vegetable food, after
the first mastication, enters the
first stomach (r). It afterwards
passes into the second (n), where it
IS moistened, and formed into pel-
lets which the animal can bring
back to the mouth to be chewed .^^^_. .y^.
again, after wliich it is swallowed ^"■^ I//"
into the third stomach (m), whence
it passes to the fourth (*), where it_. . , « .
is finally digested. Btomsch of a Ruminant.
RQ^Ui-liate (-nit), v.i.&(. [L.
ntmtnariy -natus, fr. rumen."] 1.
To chew (the cud) ; to chew again
(what has been slightly chewed and
swallowed). 2. To meditate ; to re-
flect. — Rll^mi-lia'ttoll, n. — Rn'-
ml-na'tor, n.
Rnm'mag* (rflm'mtj; 2), n. ^
room; orig., a making room, a packing away cloeely.1
A searching carefully by tnminff things over. — v. f. & £
To search thorouirhly. — Rmnlna-Ktr, n.
Rli'mor (ru'mer), n. [L.] [Written also rumour.']
A popular report ; common talk ; notoriety ; heanay. ^
V. t. To report by rumor ; to tell.
Rmnp (riimp), n. [D. romp trunk, body.] 1. The
end of the backbone of an animal, with the parts adja-
cent ; buttockn. 2. Among butchers, the piece of beef
between the nirloin and the aitchbone piece. See IlluH,
of BsBF. 3. Hind or tail end ; fag-end ; remnant.
Rmn'ple (rllm'p'l), v. L & i. [Cf. D. rimpelm to
wrinkle.] To wrinkle or crumple.— n. Fold or wrinkle.
Rnm'pns (-pfis), n. Disturbance ; quarrel. [Collag.]
Run (rOn), f. t. [imp. Raw (rfci) or Run ; p. p. Run ;
p. pr. & vb. n. RuNNiwo.] [AS. rinnan to flow (Imp. ran,
p. p. geninripn). and iemnn. imnn, to run (Imp. om, am,
earn, p. p. umen).] 1. To move, go, come, etc., smoothly
r FSunch, or Rumen i
iiRetieulum:in
Many plied, or Oma-
sum I a Rennet Stom-
seh I n Bepnninr of
Int<>»tine i o End of
Esophagua ; </ Eio-
phagealGroove.
[For roomape^ fr.
f€m, reornt, Arb, r^yde, f yll, fim, food, fc>bt, out, oil, chair, go, sins, il|k, then, thin.
RUNAWAY
490
RYOT
or quickly ; to flow onward ; to flee ; to contend in a race ;
to become a candidate. 8. To flow ; toaacendordeecend ;
to spread ; to melt ; to f uae ; to go ; to reacli ; to con-
tinue in operation ; to tend ; to spread and blend together ;
to unite. — v. /. 1. To cause to run. 2. To cause to enter ;
to thrust. 3. To drive or force. 4. To fuse ; to mold ;
to cast. 6. To mark out ; to determine. 6. To smug-
Sle (contraband goods). 7. To accomplish (a race, etc.)
y running. 8. To support for oiBoe. iCollog. U. S.\
9. To incur (a danger or risk). 10. To disclutrge ; to
emit. — n. 1. A running. 2. A small stream ; brook ;
creek. 3. Tlutt which runs or flows. 4. A course ; series.
6. Currency; popularity. 6. A continuing urgent de-
maud ; pressure for payment. 7. A range of ground for
feeding stock. 8. (a) The aftermost part of a vessePs
hull where it narrows toward the stem, (ft) A Toyue.
9. A roulade, or series of running tones in music. 10.
A mUr or set of millstones.
RllB'a-way' (rllu'&-wS'), n. 1. One that flees from
danger, duty, etc. 2. A running awav, esp. of horses.
— a. 1. Running away. 2. Accomplished by elopement.
RllB'dle (Hiu'dn), n. 1. A round ; step of a ladder ;
rung. 2. Something rotating about an axis.
Rqim (mn )• "• [AS. Hin. ] 1. A letter of the language
of the ancient Norsemen or Scandinavians. 2. pi. Old
Norse poetry. — Rv'nlo (ru'uTk), a.
Runs (rang), imp. &p. p. of Riko.
Rwif , n. [AS. hmng rod.] 1. A floor timber in a
ahip. 2. Round of a ladder. 3. Spar ; heavy staff.
Runlet (r&n18t), n. Little run or stream ; streamlet.
Rnn'ntl, n. Rivulet ; small brook.
Rnn'ner, n. 1. One that runs ; a racer. 2. A mea-
senger. 3. Slender trailing branch which takes root
at ^e Joints or end
and there form
new plants, as
the strawl)erry,etc.
4. Rotating stone
rove through a block and used to increase the mechan-
ical power of a tackle. 6. One of the pieces on which a
aleign slides ; blade of a sluUe wliich slides on the ice.
Rnn'net, n. Rennet.
Rnn'ronnd' (-roundO, n. A felon or whitlow.
Runt (rtiut), n. [Scot, runt old cow, an old, withered
woman, trunk of a tree.] 1. An animal unusually small
of its kind. 2. A dwarf ; mean, l)oorish person.
Rn-pee'(rv-p«'),n. [Hind. rSptyoA.] An East Indian
silver coin, worth about 34 cents,
U Rn-pll/O-U (rv-pTk'«-14),
rtipitf a rock -f- eolere to
mer crauing orancn wnicn utaes root
one ^ ^ iffi
[NL., fr. L. rvpes, gen.
inhabit.] A beautiful South
American passerine bird ;
the cock of the rock.
Rnptlire (rOp'tttr; 40),
n. [L. rupiura^ fr. mm-
perCy rvptum to break.] 1.
A breaking apart ; a being
broken asunder. 2. Breach
of peace or concord ; war.
3. Hernia. — r. t. & i. To
break ; to burst.
Sjm. — Breach ; disniiv
tion : dissolution. See
FRACTCmi.
Ra'ral (rn'rol), a. [F., fr. L. ntraliSy fr. n«, rwri*,
the country.] 1. Pert, to the country, as disting. fr. the
town ; rustic 2. Pert, to agriculture.
Syn.— Rttbal : Rustic. — Rural refers to the country
taelf; " - • •
Rupicols (Rupicotn onranha),
Ct)Ck of the Rock.
itwtli
ruMic to the character, condition, taste, etc.. of
the original inhabitants of the country, who were |
ally uncultivated and rudo.
RUM (nts), n. [F., fr. OF. reiuer to retreat, £r. K
recutare to refuse.] Trick ; stratagem ; deceit.
I Boss ds gaarrs (r^ de gkt') [F.], a stratagem of wmr.
Rnflh (ri&sh), n. [AS. Hjce.] 1. An aquatic or marab-
growing endogenous plant of many species, having soft,
slender stems, which are used in bottoming chairs and
plaiting mats, and the pith for wicks to Umpa and ruab-
liehts. 2. The merest trifle ; a straw.
Rush, «.<.&/. [Cf. AS. Ary«con to make a noise.] To
move or push forward impetuously or violently. — m. 1.
Violent motion or coune. 2. Great activity with pf«a-
sure. [ Collog. ] — Riudi'tr, n.
.— ^^^jj
RuhOlfltt'C-UtO,
A rush candle, or its light.
Ruh^yT-Jtl* <*' ^' Abounding with rushes. JL
of rushes. — Rnilll-naM, n.
Rusk (rOsk), n. [Sp. rosea de mar aea mska, a kind
of biscuit.] A Idnd of light bread or sweetened biscuit.
Robs (rOs or rns), n. nn^. & »/. 1. ARa8sian,ortbe
Russians. 2. Language of the Russians.— a. Russian.
Rns'Mt (rfia^sStl. a. [F. rotuset, dim. of roux red, L.
ruMUi.} Of a reddish or yellowiah brown color. — n. 1.
A russet color. 2. Cloth of a russet color. 3. Anai^,
or a pear, of rusaet color. — Rns'Mt-y , a.
Rns'Mt-lnff, n. A russet apple.
Rvs'aiaB (rttah'on or m'shan), a. P^rt. to Ruaaia, its
inhabitants, or language. — n. Rusa.
Rvat (riist), II. IAS.] 1. Reddish coating formed on
iron when exposed to moist air. 2. A minute mold or
fungus forming on cereal and other grasses.— r. i. 1.
To contract rust ; to become oxidised. 2. To be aff^'cted
with the parasitic fungus called rust. 3. To degenerate
in idleness or inaction, —r. /. To corrode with rust ; to
impair by time and inactivity.
Rast mlts, a minute mite which, by punc-
turing the rind, causes rust-colored
patches on orangea.
RnsniO (rtU'tTk), a. [L. mtticua, fr.
ru8y rvrut the country.] 1. Pert, to the
country ; rural. 2. Rude ; awkward. 3.
Coarse ; simple. — n. An inhabitant of the
country ; a clown. — Rvs'tiO-Al-ly, adv.
Syn. — Rude ; unpolished ; unuught ; „ „„^ , .^,
coarse ; plain ; simple ; artless ; honest. See Mueh enlund!
RUIUL.
Rvstl-cate (-tT-kit), v. i. [L. mttieaH, -catns.^ To
go into or reside in the country.— r. /. To require to
reside in the country ; to banish temporarily, espw from
a college. — RnTti-oalUm, ft.
Rui-tlc^-ty (-ttsl-ty), n. The being rustic.
Rns'tle (riJb'n), r. •'. [AB. hHstlan.'] To make a quick
succession of small sounds, like the nibbing of silk cloth
or dry leaves. — n. Confusion of small sounds, like those
made by shaking leaves or straw, by rubbing silk, etc.
Rvat'F (rflst'y), a. [AS. ruttig.l 1. Covered or af-
fected with rust. 2. Impaired by inaction or neglect.
3. Discolored. — Rvatl-ly, adr. ^RfUtl-mtaB, n.
Rut (rfit), n. [F. ; L. rugitti* a roaring, fr. rnpfre to
roar.] Sexual desire of deer, cattle, etc.; beat.^r. i.
To seek copulation. — Rutty, a.
Rut, n. [Variant of route.} Track worn by a wheel ;
groove in which anything runs. — Rutty, a.
Rn'ta-lm'sa (m'tA-bi'gA), n. A Swedish turnip.
Ruth (rntli)« ^' [Pr* f^^t V'l Sorrow for the misery
of another ; j)ity. X— Rvtlllan-nMt, n ]
RnthlaM, a. Cruel ; pitiless. — RnthlMS-ly, adr.i
Rye (ri), n. [AS. ryge ; perh. akin to Or. hpv^a rice.]
Oram of a cereal grass allied to wheat ; the plant itself.
Ry'Ot (ri'Ot), n. [Ar. ^S* Hind, ra'tfra/.] A
or cultivator of the soil. [Indial
Ruct Mite.
aDnr««lVi«w:
6 Side View,
S, S, I,S,fl,long : &, «, 1, 6, U, ti abort; senftte, «vent,tdea, 6bey, Unite, oArs, iinn, ikak, |^ flnot
SAAN
491
SADDLEBOW
s.
(•«n),n.i
), n. pi. Bi
(Bi&t-8th or •A-bS'Sth), n. p{. [Hel).
l<eM*0/A, pL of /«36a* army, host.] Armies ; hosts.
8ablNI-ta'kl-ail (sibOiA-tS'rT-aii), n. [L. ^oMotoHiw.
Se« Sabbatb.] 1. One who keepMi the seventh day of
the week as holy. 2. A strict observer at the Sabbath.
—a. Pert, to the Sabbath, or teneto of SabbaUrians.
BalKtatk (-bath), n. [Or. trdfifiarov, f r. Heb. shabbatk.]
1. Sowon of rest ; one day in seven which the Jews were
commanded to devote to rest or worship. 2. The seventh
year, observed among the Israelites as one of rest.
Syn. — Sabbath : Sukdat. — Sabbath denotes the insti-
tntion ; Sundau is the name of the first day of the week.
The Sabbath oi the Jews is on Saturday^ and the Sab-
bath of most Christians on Sunday,
8ab-lMno (-bCtOtk), \a. Pert, to the Sabbath;
8ab4Mtlo-Al (-T-kal), I brbigingintermission of labor.
SaOMT Ksi'bSr), n. {F. sabre.} A sword
Bttfbni with a broad and heavy blade,
naaally ciurved ; a cavalry sword. ^ v. t. limp.
& p. p. Sabbbbd (-bSrd) or Sabbbo (-bird) ; p.
pr. A vb. n. Sabbbiho or Sabbino (-brTng).] To
strike, kill, or cut down, with a saber.
Sa^-an (-bT-an), a. IL. Sabaeiu.'] 1. Pert,
to Saba in Arabia, celebrated for aromatic plants.
2. Relating to the religion of Saba, or worship
of the son, moon, and stars. — n. An adherent of
the Sabian religion. [Written also Sabseaitt and
Sabean.} — Sftlll-ail-isill, n.
SaOlle (si'bn), n. [of. ; LL. »abeUum; fr.
Ross. »6boU.} 1. A carnivorous animal of the
Weasel family. 2. The fur of the sable. 3. A
mooming garment ; funeral robe. —a. Of the Saber,
color of the sable's fur ; dark ; black.
II BalHd' (sA^bS^), n. [F.] 1. A wooden shoe worn
by the peasantry in France, Bel^um, Sweden, etc.
S. Circular disk of wood, to which the cartridge bag and
pr^iectile of cannon are attached.
Balm (sS'bSr), n. & f . Saber.
8ao(8lk),n. [F., fr. L. McctM sack.] Sack or pouch.
2. Cavity or receptacle for a liauid in the body.
Sao, n. One of the Sacs (Indians).
BtU/tUkM.'tltn'iMM (sSk'kA-rTfSr-lis), a. [L. taccha-
nm sugar H- -/erotti.] Producing sugar.
8ao%IUI-lllie (-rin or -rTn), a. Pert, to, like, or pro-
ducing, sugar ; sweet.
8MK6r-£Ktia (sb'Sr-dS'tal), a.
[L. sacerdotaliSf fr.
Mcerdo*, -dotU^ a priest, fr.' gaeer sacred.] Pert, to
priests; priestly. [a priesthood, or sacerdotal order. I
8A0^«r-d0tal-irai, n. System , spirit, or character, of |
Sa'olMB (sS'cliem), n. A chief of a tribe of American
Indians ; sagamore. [bag, to perfume clothes, etc. I
DSa'OlMr (a4'shta n. [F., dim. of mc] A scent |
8Mk (sSk), n. [F. gee, L. giceus dry.] Old name
for various dry Spanish wines : sherry.
Sack, n. [AS. gacc, sseec. L. gacctu. Or. ou«mo«, fr.
Heb. gak. Cf. Sack to plunder.] 1. A bag for holding
rds ; large pouch. 2. A measure of varying ciH[>acity.
Loose outer garment or coat. [Written also gacque.}
4. AsacorbodUv cavity.— v./. To put in a sack ; to bag.
Saek, n. [F. »ae plunder, pillage, orig., a pack,
booty, f r. L. gaccug.'\ Pillage of a town ; ravage. — v. t.
Tckplunder (a city) ; to devastate.
Saokliat (sSk'biit), n. [OF. gaqueboute, fr. gaqtiier
to poll + bouter to push, — the instrument being length-
ened and shortened.] A brass wind instrument, like a
trombone. [Written also gagbttt.']
Saok'dlOta' (-kl5th0« n. Cloth for making sacks ;
anciently, a garment worn in mourning or penitence.
(sXk'Sr), n. One who sacks or pHlBgeB.
Saoklnlt n. Contents of a sack.
Saoklllf, n. Coarse cloth for sacks, bags, etc
SaoquaTsUc), n. Sack, a woman's coat.
Sa'val (sSlu-al), a. Pert, to the sacrum.
Sao^-mant (sSk'rft-mcnt), n. [L. gacrameniufn, fr.
gacer sacred.1 A solemn religious ordinance ; the eucha-
rist ; the Lord's Supper. ~Sao'ra-lll«ll'tal,Sao'ni-meil'-
ta-ry, a. — Sao^ra-mantal-ly, adv.
8yn. — Sacbajcbht ; Euchabist. — Protestants apply
the term gacrament to baptism and the Lord's Supper,
esp. the latter. The R. Oath, and Greek churches have
five other sacraments, viz., conflrmntion, penance, holy
orders, matrimony, and extreme imction. Eucharist de-
notes the giving of thankg; and this term also has been
applied to the Lord's Supper, as expreosing the grateful
remembrance of Christ's sufferings and death.
Sa'cred (aincred), a. [Orig. p. p. of OE. taeren to con-
secrate, fr. L. gaerare, fr. gacer.'] 1. Set apart to reli-
gious use ; not profane or common. 2. Relating to re-
ligion ; not secular. 3. Entitled to extreme reverence ;
not to be profaned ; inviolable. 4. Consecrated ; dedi-
cated ; — with to. — Sa'ored-ly, adv. — Sa'ored-n«aa, n.
8yn. — Holy ; hallowed ; religious ; reverend.
Sao'rl-flOd (s5k'rT-fI»), n. [L. gacrijicium ; gacer -f-
facere to make.] 1. The offering of anything to Ood,
or to a god ; consecratory rite. 2. Anything so offered ;
victim or offering presented by way of religious thanks-
giving or conciliation. 3. Surrender of anything for the
sake of something else ; thing so given up. ^ v. /. 1. To
make an offering of ; to consecrate or immolate in order
to atone for sin, procure favor, or express thankfulness.
2. To surrender for the sake of obtaining something.
— V. i. To offer sacrifice. — Sao'ri-fl'Olal (-fTsh'ol), a.
Sac/rl-lace (-18 j). »• [L. mcrilegium, fr. gaerilegtig
that steals sacred things ; sacer -\- legere to gather, pick
up/) Crime of violating sacred tilings.
Sao^rl-le'gtoaa (-IS'Jos). a. Viohiting sacred things ;
profane ; impious. — Bao'n-le'glat, n.
SaiKlla-tail (-rTs-ton), n. [fT gacrigtain^ fr. L. gacer.'}
Church officer In charge of utensils, etc ; sexton.
Saclrla-ty (-ty), n. [F. gacrictie.} Apartment in a
church for sacred utensils, vestments, etc. ; vestry.
II Sa'omm (sE^krlim}, n. [NL., fr. L. gacer sacred,
og gacrum the lowest bone of the spine.] Part of the
vertebral column directly connected with the pelvis.
Saoa (sftks), n. pi. A tribe of Indians formerly in-
habiting Wisconsin. [Written also Saukg. ]
Sad (tXd), a. [AS. gaed satisfied, sated ; akin to L. gat,
gatig, enough, gotur sated.] 1. Dull ; grave ; somber ; —
said of colors. 2. Affected with grief ; downcast ; gloomy ;
mournful. 3. Causing sorrow. 4. Htovy ; as, <a(f bread.
Syn. — Sorrowful : dejected ; cheerless ; calamitous.
Sad'dan (sSd'd'n), v. t. To make sad or sorrowfuL
Sad'dia (-d'l), n. [AS. gadol ; perh. fr. root of E.
git.} 1. A seat for a rider, on a horse's back, a bicycle,
etc. 2. A piece of meat cont^ning part of an animal's
backbone with the ribs on each side.
Saddle horse, a horse trained for riding with a saddle.
Saddle Jobit, in sheet-metal roofing, a Joint formed by bend-
ing up the edge of a sheet and folding it
downward over the turned up edge of the
JH
Ing up the edge of a sheet and Kuding
downward O' " ' * • • >
next sheet.
— r. /. 1. To put a saddle upon ; to " , . .
equip (a beast) for riding. 2. To fix as Saddle JomL
a charge or burden upon ; to load ; to encumber.
Sad'dle-bacs' (-bSgzO« **• P'* Bags used by horseback
riders to carry small articles, one bag hanging on each
side. [of a saddle. I
Sad'dla-bOW' (-bS^), n. Bow or arch forming the front |
fSrn, reo0Dt, 6rb, r^dB, f^, fim, food, ftfbt, out, oil, ehair, go, ainst ink, then, thin.
SADDLER
492
SAILBOAT
Sad'dlcr (aXd'dlSr), n. Maker of saddle**, harness, etc.
Sad'dlcr-y (-jH> n. 1. Materials for inakuig saddles
and harnawMia. ^ Trade of a saddler.
Sad'dle-tTM' (-trS^)« n. Frame of a saddle.
Sad'dn-OOe (-a-aS), n. [Or. ZaMouKfluoi, Heb. Txad-
dUklm ; — f r. TtMdk^ founder of the sect. ] One of a Jew-
ish sect who denied the resurrection, etc. — Sad'dn-CO'-
«B (-sS'an), 8ad'dll-cal0 (-kSTk; 40), a.
Sadl'ron (-fiim), n. [Prob. sad heavy + iron.} An
Iron for smoothlnir clothes ; a flatiron.
Badly f adv, Orijvously ; deeply ; miserably.
Sad'llMS, n. Tha behig sad or unhappy.
Syn.— Borrow; heaviness ; dejection. See Obisf.
n SMOg'ar-feSt (sSng'ir-fSitt), n. [O. sdugerjesi.} A
festival ofdnicert ; a German singing festival.
Baft (sSf), a, [OE. A F. sau/^ fr. L. snlvtu, akin to
miiu* health, safetv.] 1. Free from harm or risk ; whole.
2. Gooferring safety ; confining securely ; to be relied
upon ; not dimgerous. 3. Incapable of doing harm ; in
■eoure custody. — n. Place for keeping things in safety ;
■tronc, fireproof reoeptacle for money, papers, etc. ;
Tsntirated or refrigerated chest for provisions.
Bate^-OOB'dllOt (-kSuMKkt), n. That which gives a
Mfe paaasge ; convoy or guard ; pass.
' 'l^nkrd' (-gilrdO. n. 1. One that protecU; de-
a. Co«
fenae.
. Convoy or guard to protect a traveler or prop-
•rtv. S. Pass; passport; safe-conduct.
Saft'-lMfplllC (-kSp^ng), n. A keeping in safety
from injury or from escape ; care ; custoily.
Safely, adv. In a safe manner ; without danger.
Baia'aiMM, n. The being safe ; safety ; security.
BafaOy (-tj^), n. l. The being safe ; freedom from
danger ; exemption from hurt or loss. 2. Close custody.
li^My h«9, lamp surrounded with wire gauze, to pre-
wnt explosion of gases. — Bafsty match, a mat<'h which
can be ignited only on a surface specially prepared for the
puipoae. — Batety pla, a pin made ni the form of a clisp,
with a guard covering its point so that it will not prick the
wearer. — 8 af sty ,
valve, valve for ro- a_
lieving pressure on
a steam boiler, to
prevent its burst-
liaflTOB (sif'-
frfin), n. [F. so-
/ran, fr. Ar. A
?•'; /^l Man.} Safety Vslve.
1. A bulbous plant a Boiler : 6 Vslvr ; r Lev«r ; ft Falcnim :
of the crocus kind, f Ouide i / Weight for holding Vaive
which produces <*o^'»-
blue flowers with large yellow stigmas. 2. The aromatic,
pungent, dried stigmas of the plant, used in cookery, in
coloring confectionery, liquors, variiishes, etc., and for-
merly In medicine. 3. An orange or deep yellow color,
—a. Of the color of saffron flowers ; oraiif^e-vellow.
BaC (sKg), r. i. [Akin to 8w. sackn.] To sink, in the
middle, by weight or under pressure ; to give way or set-
tle from a verticnl position. — n. A sinking or bending.
Ba-Sa'dona (sA-f^'slilis), a. TL. »ngnT, nagncijt, akin
to sagire to perceive quickly.] 1. Of quick iwnse per-
ceptions; keen-scented. 2. Of keen i)enetration and
Judgment ; Judicious ; far-sighted ; wise. — Ba-ga'ciona-
y, adv. — Sa-aa'cioiia-naaa, n.
8yn. — See Shbkwd.
Ba-gaol-ty (-g»s^-ty),n. iU sngaHton.'l The being
•agactous ; keenness of discernment or penetration with I
soundness of Judgment. j
8yii. — Saoactty : Penitkation ; shrewdnesn: jndi- I
dousness. — Penetration enables us to enter into the |
depths of an abstruse subject, to detect motives, plans,
etc. Sagacity adds to penetration a keen, prnctical iudir- <
ment, enabling one to guard agninnt the desiens of others,
and to turn everything to the best advantage.
BaC'a-mara (sIg'&-mor), n. Head of a tribe of Amer-
ican Indians ; chief ; sachem.
Baca (siLj), n. [OE. & F. gauge, L. tafvia, fr. mtlruM
saved, f r. its healing virtues.] A sutlruticose labiate plant
with grayish green foliage, used in flavoring meata, etc
Bage, a. [F., fr. L. sapiu*^ fr. sapere to be wise.]
1. Having nice discernment and powers of Judging ; sa-
gacious. 2. Proceeding from wisdom ; well Jud^d. —
n. A wise man ; philoeopher. — Bagaly, adv.
Syn. - Wise ; sapient ; grmve ; prudent ; judidona.
Baglt-tal (sljlt-uzl), o. [L. sagiUa arrow.] Port.
to, or like, an arrow.
II Saslt-ta1A-lia (-a'rT-fis), n. [L., ardier, fr. ngU-
.] The Archer ; the 9th sign of the sodiac, " * -
sun enters about Nov. 22, marked thus [/] in
t the sodiac, which the
ta.] The Archer ; the 9th i
in enters about Nov. 22, mi
Baglt-u-ry (ajnrt-tt-rj^), a. 8agitt«L'
Baglt-Ute (-t4t), a. Shaped like an arrowbead ; tri-
angtilar, with the two basal
angles prolonged downward.
Sa'ao (Ka'gi), n. [Malay.
sagu.] Oranulated starch
prepared from East Indian
palm trees, used as food, also
for stiffeniiig textile fabrics.
llBaldb (sa'hib), iiBa'hab (-h«b), n. [Ar. fokib
lord.l A title given to Europeans of rank. [/lufMi]
Bald (sM), imp. & p. p. of Sat.— o. 6«fore-meD>
tloned; already specified; aforesaid;— used in legal style.
Ball (sil), n. [AS. segei, segl.] 1. An extent of can.
vas, etc., spread to the wind for i^ropelling a '
SagitUte Leaf.
M luiit ^tudcllntf i4«i). I A I ore TflfHtinH fhl441rir f *U I
Sails or a Ship.
a Fl^ nu- Jlhn fc jFh s r TtvT Tnttti^mt SttyiHll i if Trrtr rnniw>
or ' ■ *M L * t\>rv I ofwfllt 1 f rnr* T* ""* ■'^"" - " -
To,. ■ -" - - - -
Ml.
gal : ' ' S lU : h> Milli ItctF^ ] f. V^nin S\ v»at\ i ^ o Hmin Hi*r*\
St< tur l^tM* I r r Mfilii To|^pl|*til ^Eutldlnjj: ^jill- , f 11*1ii
T«i, '' i^t Sliir|rhiiit l^nlE I 1 Mlf^rn 'Cduih^ of fTi^silivb ^ «
Mi . I MjL»nii I f Myrxn T^ifttm^iimni Bill I IP HUwiil«i!rat»
a- M . i\ ^V.v*ni1 I It Brwnkrr. P*rt|j tir^lM Jn (th» ttm*-
»)>( -'- ■^' »Hil'l< fiti thr oith^r fnwptp in: th* F^ira TTlrwtl uhtA
Mr < Jiv.iHH' 111 rk* tiirnti* r S-^^ t\rW I4n«t | J
Th ■ . f I'li-nrl ,J Sj^atilLf t j 4 \tji|4ie timil . i T' xii Brail.
through the wnter. 2. Surface of the arm of a wind-
mill. 3. A sailing vessel ; a craft. 4. A Journey or
excursion upon the water.
Sail loft, loft or room where sails are rut out and made.
— Bail yard, yard or spar on which a sail is extended.
— r. t. 1. To be impelled on water by the action of wind
upon sails, also by action of steam or other power. 2. To
move through or on the water ; to swim. 3. To be con-
veyed in a vessel on water ; to pans by water. 4. To aet
sail ; to beffin a voyage. 6. To glide through the air. — >
r. /. 1. To move or Journey upon (water) by means of
sails. Rt«am, or other force. 2. To fly or glide through.
3. To direct (a vessel). [navigable.!
Ball'a-ble (sal'&-bn), a. Capable of being sailed over ; |
SalllMar, ». A boat propeUed by saila.
B, B, 1, 5, H, long ; &, «, I, tt, a, f, short ; aanftte, « vent, tdeft, Obey, ftnlta, oAr^ ttm, Aok, 9II, flscL
SAILCLOTH
493
SALUTATION
_f iOykOkhf), n. Cmitu f or nuUdog Mdla.
8tll'«r, n* ▲ TMMl ; — with qualifying worda de-
■orlptiTe of nuumar of Miling. [leainan. I
Bttl'Or (-8r), H. One who narigates ToaaeU ; mariner ; |
8ftlBt (aint), n. [F., fr. L. sanetus.} 1. One aancti-
fled ; a holy or godly person. 2. One of the blessed in
heaTen. 3. Oue canonixed by the church. [Abbrev.
St."} — r. /. To make a saint of ; to canouixe.— Salnf Odi
a. — galntly, a. — SalntOl-iMM, n. — Salnt'shlp. n.
8aln (aSk), n. [AS. aacu strile, suit at h&w.] Final
caiiee : end ; motive ; account.
Sal (sU), n. [L.] Salt ; — a word used in chemistry.
flal >«— «■*■»«>* ammonium chloride, IiavinE a sharp,
salty taste.— Bal soda, sodium carbonate, used in making
soap, glass, paper, etc. : washing soda. — Bal Tolatile.*
[NHj (a; Ammonium chloride, (o; Spirits of ammonia.
n Ba-laam' (sA-lXm'), n. Balam. — v. t. To perform
a salara.
Sal'a-ljle f*-^ 1 '^ t' 1 )> '7' <^' 1 V^ ' *l *' * 'f I '- i 1 1 Lf sold ; flnd-
in^ a rfin3v Mi.irk*-!. [^Vrltten ^U* x,?/nf/^«».] — 8*l'a-
SA-lA^dOtifl j-i^l^'fthn^*), Ji. [L, i«/'jj, -{ ici$.1 Lust-
tit I ; \ h-.^ \ , K' ri M i>^. ~ Sa- U'Qlam»4f , ^i t/r . — Sa-la'ctona-
nen, Sa lae'l-t? i-t&^'T-t^j. n.
Sal'JUl (Ol'^dK n [F, x<ilttt{*^ Olt. //I?.? /a, fr. *rt/are
to ulc. fT.^L. "T^ lait,] A rireiar;]ttioti. u! vegetables
n^ttiict^f fifili'ry, oiilotia, ptf .) dri!wied i:irith ^alt, vinegar,
*iiL C't'-^.* and eiit«ii to iriv^ PelJ«h tr> fith^r fi>iid.
Sal v-ra^tus ^*-^'ttbi)1 »■ Ssilemtiu.
EaUun^ iAA^liim'h n. [At, fttUim |>»rM», safety.]
OHumTuI <uil>i(t4tLork or pati][k!thiiiiiit or ctrreiunny.
Ail^a-iiiaii' Oar ( bK l '4- mluM^r), » . [<1 r . croAofuiKfipo. ]
BpoCtcd Sslsmsnder (Amhti/atoma punrtatum). (}{)
Amphibious reptile resembling lixards and frogs, formerly
fabled to live in fire. — Sal^a-mail'drlllO (-d^n), a.
8al'a-ry (sU'^-rj^), n. [L. talarium^ orig., money
given to Roman soldiers for salt, fr. «a/.] Recompense
paid for services ; wages ; stipend ; hire. ^ r. /. To pay,
or agree to pay, a salary to ; to attach a salary to.
Salt (sil), n. [loel. «ato, m/, akin to E. neH.^ \. A
•elling ; transfer of property for a price. 2. Opportunity
of selling ; demand ; market. 3. Auction.
Sala'a-Ma, a. SaUble.
8al'a-n11ls(slQ/|.ra'tas),n. {"Sh. sal airahu,-] Aer-
•ted Mit, or baking soda, used in cooking, as a substitute
for yeast, and in preparation of effervescing drinks.
Salas'maB (silz'man), n. One employed to sell goods.
8all0 (sMTk), a. [F. xaUqne, fr. the Salinn Frank*,
who formed a body of Uws called in Latin 'rges Salicx.']
Pert, to the Salian Franks, or to the Silic law, which
excluded women from inheritance of landed property, or
of the throne. [Also 9alique.'\
BaH-aOt (sSnT-ent), a. [L. »nUfn», -entis, p. pr. of
salirt to leap.] 1. Moving by leaps or springs; Jump-
ing. 2. Shooting out or up ; springing ; projecting.
3. Promhient: conspicuous. 4. Projecting outwardly;
— opp. to reifntering, — n. A salient angle ; projection.
Sa-llfar-OOa (sA-lTf^Sr-Os), a. [L. sal salt -f -ferous.^
Producing, or impregnated with, silt.
8all4t7 (sWT-fl), V. t. [F. snlijifr ; fr. L. sftl 4- -flcare
(only in comp.) to make.] (a) To combine or impregnate
with a salt, lb) To form a salt with ; to convert into a
■alt. - 8all-fl'a-bla, a. - Sall-fl-oa'tlon, n.
SaOlna (siHin or sA-lIn'), a. [F. stilin, fr. L. m/.]
1. Consisting of, or containing, salt. 2. Like salt;
■alty. ^ n. A salt spring.
Sa-U'Vl (sA-H'vA), n. [L.]
glands in the mouth; spittle. — 8A*ll'¥alt 8al1-TA^
(aia-vft-rj^), a.
Ball-Tata (s«T-vIt),r.f. {L. salivan, -wUum.^ Tb
cause an i^normal flow of saliva in. — Bal'l-Tatfcni. n.
||Saaiz(saaTks),n.;p/.SaLicis(sA-lI's8s). [L.] ▲
genus of trees includhig the willow, osier, etc.
SalOow (Aint ), n. [AS. senlh ; akin to L. saUx,} ▲
willow not having flexible shoots.
Sallow, a. [AS. salu ; akin to OHQ. salo yellow.]
Tellowish ; of a pale, sickly color. — BallOW-Baas, n.
Sally (-Ij^), V. i. [L. «a/tre to leap, spring.} To rush
out ; to bunt forth. — > n. 1. A leaping forth ; spring.
2. A sudden issuing of troops from a place besieged to
attack the besiegers; sortie. 3. Excursion from the
usual track ; diffreBsion ; deviation. 4. A flight of fancy,
wit. etc. 5. Wild gayety ; frolic ; esMMde.
Bal^ma-fim'dl (-ui&-gttn'dT), n. [F. talmiffondU.)
1. A mixture of chopped meat and pickled herring, with
oil, vinegar, pepper, and onions. 2. lUxture of various
ingredients ; medley ; potpourri ; miscellany.
Salm'Oll (sSm'&n), n. [F. sautnon, f r. L. jo/mo, perh.
fr. scUire to leap.] 1. A food fish of northern climstas.
2. A reddish yellow color, like fleah of the salmon. — o.
Of a reddish yellow or orange color.
Salmoo tnmt. (a) The European sea tront, reaembUng
the salmon, but smaller. (6> Any one of Mveral lavga
American trout.
II Salem' (s^ldN'). n. [F. SeeSALoov.l Apartment
for receiving compsny ; pi. fashionable socfe^.
Sa-loon' (84-155n0, n. [F. salon. It. saUe Urge room,
hsll, of German or Dutch origin.] 1. A spadoua aMrt-
ment for receiving company or for works of art ; haU for
public entertainments; Is^ge parlor. 2. Bairoom or
grogshop. [parsnip; oyster plant. I
&a'lll-f7(sn'sT-fy),ii. \J.saUifis.^ Aphmtlikethe
Salt (Bl9t), n. [AS. sealt; akin to 8w. & Dan. tali,
L. «a/.] 1. Chloride of sodium, a substsnoe used for
seasotting food, preserving meat, etc. It is found native
in tlid earth, and is also produced, bv evaporation and
crystallisation, from sea water and other water impreg^
nated with saline particles. 2. Flavor ; taste ; savor.
3. Piquancy ; wit. 4. An old sailor. 6. The neutral com-
pound formed by chemical union of an add and a base.
6. jA. Any mineral salt used as an aperient or cathartic
— a. 1. Pert, to, or containing, sslt ; prepared or pre-
served with, or tasting of, salt. 2. Overaowed with, or
growiuK in, salt water. 3. Bitter ; sharp ; pungent.
Bait rhsvai, eczema, a skin disease. — Bait watsr, water
impregnated with salt, as that of the ocean and of oer-
tain seas and lakes ; tears.
^v. /. To season with salt ; to preserve rrith salt or in
brine ; to supply (cattle, etc.) with salt.
Salt'oal-lar (-<«l-18r), n. Table vessel for holding salt.
Saltlall (sftltOTsh), a. Somewhat salt
Salfnesa, n. A Iwing salt : salt taste.
Salrpe^er \ (-pS'tJr), n. [F. salp^re, VL. sal ps-
Salt'pe'tre ( tme, lit., rock salt, which exudes from
rocks or walls.] Potassium nitrate ; niter ; a white cnrs-
talline subutance, obtained by leaching from certain soils.
It is a strong oxidixer, is the chief constituent of gun-
powder, and is uned in curing meat, and in medicine.
Sa-lnl)rt-0118 (sA-lu'brT-tls), a. [L. salubris, fr. snlits
hcimi ] TToflUl^T^l: promoting health. — Sa-llllvl-
OQs iT^ '"^' -^ laHiii otia naaa, Sa-lnlirl-ty, n.
S)ju- BKalttifn: ; iifioir>.hme: healthy: salutary.
SAl'll-tarr {'^\'t-\t-r^i.*t, [L. salutarU, fr. sabis^
-In fin., lif. initio jwCrty ] 1. Wliolesome ; pr>modng health.
2. ii'MV'tir'kj ; «dvintA|^it«oiiH. — Salli-ta-il-naMk n.
Syn.- H«^iiitljfiLl ; nmhil : advantageous; profitable.
Sal q taction N ». A saluting, greeting, or expressing
!^j'n. — Sai.otatcok: GiTETiiro: Saluts; address.—
(f' i'hH*i \m tliu Efiiieru vrotd for expressions of recogni-
ti( ■ I u incrtti-ati h QT Q% lier* I w. A greeting may be hearty.
fSm, recmt, drb, r^de, f^, ftm, fdbd, f<^t, out, oil, chair, go, dug, iQk, then, thin.
SALUTATORIAN
494
SANGUINEOUS
offenaiTe, or merely formal, as in the openine aenteooe of
legal documents. Salutation implies a wismns well, and
is used of expressions at parting as well as at meeting.
Salute, while used in the sense of either greeting or saltt-
tation^ 18 used specifically to denote a conventional dem-
(mstnticm not expressed in words.
Sa-la'ta-toH-An (sA-lu^tA-tS'rT-an), n. Student who
pronounces the salutatory oration at Uie annual Com-
mencement of an American college.
Sa-lVta-tO-ry (-rj^)« a. Containing or expressing sal-
utations. — n. Salutatory orationf introducing the exer-
eises of Commencements in American colleges.
Sa-latfl^ (-lutO« V. /. [L. salutare^ -UUum^ tt. talus^
4utis. ] 1. To address, as with expressions of kind wishes
and courtesy ; to greet ; to haiL 2. To honor (a day,
person, or nation) by discharging cannon, dipping colors,
etc.— n. 1. ▲ saluting ; saluunon. 2. Sign or ceremony
of compliment or respect, as a kiss, bow, etc. 3. Token
of respect or honor, by presenting arms, discharging guns,
dipping colors or topsails, etc. — Sa-lnt'tr, n.
Bal'Tase (slQ'vtl; 2), n. [F. ; fr. L. taltfare. See
Satb.] 1. The saviug a Teasel, goods, or life, from perils
of the sea. 2. (a) Compensation allowed to persons who
assist in saving a ship or her cargo from periL (6) That
part of the property that is saved.
SAl-TfttlMI (-vrshthi), n. [F. ; fr. L. «a/va/io.] 1. A
savinff ; preservation from calamity. 2. Redemption of
man from sin and liability to eternal death.
II 8«1'V» Wv«), tn/^r/. [L.] Hail!
8alF0 (sav), n. [AS. seal/ ointment] 1. Adhesive
substance to be applied to wounds or sores. 2. An anti-
dote. —V. L 1. To heal by medicaments. 2. To cure ;
to soothe ; to gloss over.
flAl'TVr (sWvgr), n. [8p. salva, fr. L. salvare to
save.l Tray on which anything is served.
Sai'VO i-yt), n. [L. salvo jure^ the right being reserved.
See Satb. J An exception ; reservation ; excuse.
Sal'VO, n. [F. salve discharge of cannon, L. salve
hail.] Volley of cannon ; salute paid by firing cannon.
SUM (siui), a. [AS. ; akin to Or. 6fuk like, L. simul
at the same time, similis like, and £. -someA 1. Not
different or other ; identical : unclianged. 2. Of like
kind, sort, etc. ; similar. 3. Just mentioned.
Sanw^MS, n. 1. A being the same; near resem-
blance ; similarity. 2. Want of variety ; tedious monotony.
Sjrn. — Identity : identicalness ; oneness.
II Ba'mo-var (sii'mi-viir), n. [Russ.] A metal urn
for making tea. [and cooked by boiling ; hominy, i
Samp (sXmp), n. [ Amer. Indian sapac^ ICaiae broken |
Sam^lllra (sSm'fIr or -f^r), n. [F. l^rbe de Saint
Pierre.} A fleshy herb, growing along the seacoast, and
used for pickles.
Sam^e (-p'l), n. [h. ezemplum. See Example. 1 A
part of anything shown as evidence of the quality of the
whole ; specimen. — r. t. To test samples of.
Suil'plMr, n. 1. One who makes up samples for in-
spection ; one who examines by samples. 2. A pattern;
specimen to display the skill of the worker.
San'a-llle (san'i-bU), a. [L. sanabUis, fr. sanare to
heal, fr. sanus sound. See Sane.] Capable of being
healed or cured. — San'a-lile-iiaas, San'a-lilll-ty, n.
8yn. - Remediable: curable; healable.
San'a-tlve (-tlv), San'a-to-ry (-t^-rj^), a. Curative.
San'a-tOfrt-nm (-tS^rT-lim), n. [KL.] An estoblish-
ment for treatinsr the sick: resort for invalids; sanitarium.
Sano'tl-fi-catlOII (pSnkaT-n-kS'sliiin), n. A sancti-
fying or being sanctified or made holy ; act of Ood^s
grace by which men's affections are purified and exalted.
SuiCtl-ty (-fi), r. /. [F. sanctifier, L. sandificare ;
sanctus holy -f -flcare (in comp.) to make.] 1. To make
sacred ; to set apart to a religious use ; to hallow. 2. To
free from sin ; to purifv ; to sanction.— Sano^-fi'ar, n.
Sano'tl-mo-ny (-ms-n]^), n. [L. sanetimonia^ fr.
sanctHs.] Holiness; scrupulous austerity; outward or
artificial saintlinefts; assumed or pretended holiness;
hypocritical devontneas. — Saaoti-lBO'lll-OWl (sl^k^.
m(VnT-fis), a, — 8aiU»'tl4IO'lltoas-ly, eufr. ~ ^
SanotlOll, n. [L. san^iOf fr. sancire, sanetufHj to
render sacred.] Solemn ratification ; confirmation ; ap-
probation, ^r. /. To ratify ; to confirm ; to approve.
Saax/tL-tf (-tT-^), n. 1. A being sacred or ludy ;
moral {nuity. 2. Sacredneas ; solemnity ; inviolability.
Syn. — Holiness; godl^ess; piety; devotion: good-
ness ; purity ; religiousness ; sacredness ; solemnity.
8aiao^-a-I7 (-tfi-t-if ^, n. [L. sanetuarium^ fr. saius
tvs.l A sacred place ; puce of refuge; asylum.
Sanotmil, n. [L., p. p. of «anrtr0 to consecrate.]
Sacred place ; place of retreat ; room for personal use.
Band (Bind), n. [AS.] 1. Fine particles of stone,
not reduced to dust ; stone in loose grains, not coherent
when wet. 2. pi. Tracta of land consisting of aand. «•
r. i. To sprinkle or cover with sand.
Baad bag, a beg filled with sand for fortification, ballast,
etc., also, one used as a club, to leave no brtdae. — Baad
bath, (a) A vessel of hot sand in a laboratory, in which
vessels that are to be heated are partially immersed. (6)
A bath in which the body is immersed in hot sand. — Maai
Mast, a process of engraving glass, metals, etc, by driving
sand against them by a steam jet or otherwise ; apparatna
used in the process. —Baad box. (a) Box with a perfo-
rated top, for sprinklinff paper with sund. ib) Box carried
on locomotives, from wmoh sand runs on the rails in front
of the driving wheel, to prevent slipping. — land staiB,
a cloud of sand driven by the wind.
San'dal (sXn'dal), n. Sandalwood.
San'dalt n. [Or. vtts^aAiov, dim. of vvirSoAor, prob.
fr. Per. sandal.] A kind of shoe
protecting the lower surface of the
foot ; a slipper ; an overshoe with
rarallel openings across the instep.
8ail'dal-WOOd'(-wd6d0.n. [Ar.
fandal^ Or. aivroKw ; fr. Skr. can-
dana."] Perfumed yellowish heart-
wood of an East Indiaa and Polyne-
sian tree. ^"* term of 8«nd«ls.
Baiidl-iieaa(««nd^-nfc\n. A SSJiffi,™*'**"** »^
being sandy, or of sandy color.
Bttld'pi'Mr (-pi'pSr), n. Any one of various small
wading birds, belonging to the Limicolte.
Band'Stome' (-stOnO* n. Rock made of aand more or
less firmly nnited.
Band^irlldl (-wTch), n. [Fr. the Earl of Sandvriek.}
Pieces of bread and butter with a alioe of meat, clieefe,
etc., between them. ^r. /. To make into a sandwich ;
to insert between portions of something dissimilar.
Sand'y, a. [AS. sandig.'i 1. Consisting of, or like,
sand ; covered with ssnd. 2. Of a light yellowish red
color. [dition ; not deranged ; rationaL I
din), a. [L. sanv*."] Being in a healthy ood-|
sSng), imp. of Snro.
8aB%a-I«a' (sSo'gi-rS'), n. [Sp. *angria^ lit., bleed-
ing, fr. sangre blood, L. wngttui.l Wine and water
sweetened and spiced, —a favorite West Indian drink.
(lSa]IC'-froia'(8i(H'frwlk'),n. [F., cold blood.] Free-
dom from agitation ; indifference ; calmness.
San-cnlf'ar-OIUI (sln-gwIfSr-tts), a. [L. tanauis -{-
./croM*.] Conveying blood. [tion of blood. I
San'fill-fl-oatloii (sSo'gwT-fT-kl'shQn), n. Produc- 1
San'Klll-ty (-n), v. t. To produce blood from.
San'flll-lia-ry (-nt-rj^), a. 1. Attended with blood-
shed ; bloody ; murderoua. 2. Bloodthirsty ; cmeL
San'Cldlie (-gwTn), a. [F. sanguiny L. sanguinenst
tr. sanguis.] 1. Of the color of blood ; red. 2. Having
active circulation of blood. 3. Warm ; ardent. 4. An-
ticipating the best ; full of hope. — 8ail'g1ll]l*4y, adr.
Bjn. — Warm ; ardent ; lively ; confident ; hopefuL
San-gVln'e-OllB (-gwln't-fis), a. 1. Abounding with
blood; sanguine. 2. Bloody; constituting bkwd. &
Blood-red; crimson.
ft, e, f , 5, a, long ; ft, fi, I, *, tt, t, short ; sentte, §vent, tdea, ftbey, Unite, cAre, Hrm, Ask, ftll, flncl.
SANHEDRIM
495
SATIATION
(•InniMrTn), )n.
[Heb. tanhedrfn,']
The great council of
the Jews, harin^ Juri«liction of religioot nuittert.
H Bamm (a'nT-Sz), n. [L.] Thin, aerotu fluid di»>
charged from oloers or wounds. — Sa1ll-€«Ui (-tts), a.
StfU-Ul^llBI (sin^-ti'rT-fim). n. [NL. See SAn-
TABT.l ▲ health station or retreat ; sanatorium.
Sml-tft-ry (-tft-rj^), a. [L. «an»/a« health.] Pert, to
health; hygienic. [sanit^ary conditions ; hygiene.!
&UB'i-tft'tllMI, n. A rendering sanitai^; science of|
Sanl-tT, n. [L. saniUUf fr. sanut."] ^le being sane ;
health of body or mind.
Saak (•<ak)« imp. of Sikk.
H SuW-oaOotte' (F. tSin^lW ; E. ani^ft-lOtO* n.
[P., without breeches.] 1. A fellow without breeches;
ragged fellow, — a name given in the first French revolu-
tion to the extreme republicans, who rejected breeches
and adopted pantaloons. 8. A radical republican ; rio-
loit rBToIuti<mist ; Jacobin.
SOtt'lkllt (sin'skrTt). n. [Skr. Satntkiia, lit., the
perfect, polished, or classical language.] Obsolete ancient
Ungnage of the Hindoos, nearlv allied to the Persian, and
to the principal languages of Surope, classical and mod-
em, —a. nrt. to, or written in, Sanskrit.
Sap (d[p)« n. [AS. smp.] 1. Juice of plants. 2. Sap-
wood, or albamnm, of a tree. 3. Simplet<Hi. ISlang]
Bujft V. t. [F. taper^ f r. tape scythe, LL. tappa mat-
tockij 1. To subvert by digging or wearing away ; to
undermine. 2. To unsettle; to weaken.— n. Approach
made to a fortified pUoe by covered digging.
Sap'ld (sipTd), a. [L. sapidus. fr. tapere to taste.]
Having savor, or flavor. — Sft-sldl-tT (sA-pTdT-ty), n.
Sft'pl-ailt (si'pT-«nt), a. [L. *apten*t -€niis^ p. pr. of
tapert to taste, to know.] wise ; sage ; discerning ; —
often in irony. — Sa'pl-«noe, n.
Syn. — Sage ; sagacious ; knowing ; wise ; discerning.
SaplMS (sIi/lSs), a. 1. Destitute of sap ; not juicy.
2. Dry ; old ; bosky ; withered ; spiritless.
Sftp^llnCt n. A voung tree.
8l^O-lUI'0MIIB(-^-n^shas),a. [L. «apo, -ponif, soap,
of Teutonic origin. 1 Like soap ; soapy.
Sa-pODl-ty (sA-pCnl-fi), r. /. [L. $apo, -ponU -f- -/y.]
To convert into soap. — Sa-POIl'l-il-Cft'tloil, n.
II Sa'^Or (si'p^r), n. [L.] Savor ; flavor ; taste.
Sap'O-llMo (sKp^-rTfak), a. [L. sapor -f- facere to
make.] Producing taste, flavor, or relisli.
Sapi'par (sSp'pSr^, n. One who saps, or works at saps,
boOding and reiMdring fortifications, etc.
Sap'^lllO (sSfTk), a. [Or. Soin^unk, fr. Xain^ Sap-
phoO 1* P®r^- to Sappho, the Orecian poetess. 2. In
the manner of Sappho ; — said of a verse used by her.
Sap'plltro (sifir or -Sr), n. [OE. & F. sapMr, Or.
«<&r^tpo(, of Oriental origin.! 1. Native alumina ; blue
transparmt corundum, prised as a gem. —a. Blue.
S^Pl^ (■Sp'PS^)* <>• 1- Abounding with sap ; full of sap;
Juicy; succulent. 2. Weak; feeble. — Sip'pl-naMi »•
Bap'M-KO (-s4-gA), n. [O. aehabzieger; schahm to
scrape + zieger wliey.] Swiss cheese, of greenish color,
flavored with melllot.
Sap-wood' (.wd6dO, n. Alburnum ; part of the wood
of any exogenous tree next to the bark.
Sai'a-lMUld (slr'4-bind), n. [Sp. zarabanda, fr. Per.
$erbend song.] A slow Spanish dance of Saracenic origin.
Sai'a-oeil (-sSn), n. [L. Snracemts, perhaps fr. Ar.
tharqi^ pL iharqdn^ Orientol, Eastern.] An Arab ; Mus-
sulman. — 8ara-Mn'lo« Sara-oenlo-al. n.
flar'Oasm (sSrnciz'm), n. [Or. oapKaon.^. fr. <rap-
itdifuf to tear flesh like dogH. to meer, fr. ffdp(. vapito^,
flesh.] A keen, reproachful exprinwion ; ctittiiif; jest. —
Sar-oasllo, Sar-oas'tlo-al. a. — Sar-cas'tlo-al-ly, adr.
8ril»— Satire ; irony; ridicule ; taunt: gibe.
Baroa^net (sitrs^ngt v. w. [OK. ; LL. saracenicum cloth
made by Saracens.] fine thin nilk fabric, used for lin-
ings, etc. [Written also Marsenet.\
Sar'CO-can (sSr^i-kKrp). n. [Or. 9af4, oapit6i^ flesh
-f- Kopv^ fruit.] Fleshy part of a stotie fruit.
8ar-00l'0-cy (siir-k51'«-jy), n. [Or. dpi -f 4ogy.^
Anatomy of the soft parts of the body.
8ar-C0ph'a-K01ia (•kSfi-gfii*}, a. Feeding on flesh.
Sar-C^h'a-fUa (-gtls), n. [L, fr. Or. oapMAaYoc eat-
ing flesh ; aap{, crapKOc -f- ^aytlv to eat.] 1. A limestone
used amonff the Oreeks for making coffins, which con-
sumed the flesh of bodies deposited in it. 2. A stone coffin.
Saz'dllM (siirMSn or iXr-din'), n. [F. sardine^ f r. island
of Sardinia.} Small herring preserved in olive oil.
Sardine (-dTn or -din), OuT'dl-lia (»Kr'dT-fis), n. [L.
tardiut^ lapis sardinusy Or. vif^Stvoi AiBos^ stone of &u>
des in I^dia.] Precious stone in Aaron's oreaatplate.
Sar-donlO (-dSnOTk), a, [Or. aopAovuK, perh. fr.
vaiptuf to grin like a dog, or f r. a plant of Sardinia^ Or.
Xap^i said to screw up the face of the eater.]
Ssrmentose Stem.
] Forced;
insincere ; derisive, mocking, or bitterly sarcastic.
Sai'dO-liyz(sar'dd-nTks),n. [Or. oop^^yu^.] Avari-
ety of onyx having layers of red and white chalcedony.
Sar-gaa'ao (siir-gAs's^), n. [Sp. sargazo seaweed.]
Qulf weed, a seaweed of l^e Oulf Stream, etc.
Sargasso Bsa, a large tract of the North Atlantic Ocean
where sargasso in great abundance floats on the surface.
Sar'Uieilt (-mfint), n. [L. sarmeiitum twig, fr. «(ir-
pere to trim.] A prostrate fili-
form stem or runner, as of the
strawberry.
Sarmen-tOM'CsXr/mSn.tSB'or
sKr-mSn'tSs), a, (a) Ltmg and ;
flliform, and almost naked, or
having only leaves at the Joints
where it strikes root. (6) Bear-
ing sarments.
8araa-pa-lll1a(-s4-p4-rn04),n. [Bp. MarzaparHUa ;
tarta bramble + parra a vine, or PariUo^ a physician
said to have discovered it.] A tropical American plant,
whose root is used In medicine and in sirups for soda, etc.
Sarae'liat (sars'nSt), %. Sarcenet.
Saab (sSsh), n. [Pers. shast girdle.] Scarf worn
about the waist, over the shoulder, etc. ; belt ; girdle.
Saaht n. [F. ehAssi* frame,' sash, fr. L. eapsa box.]
1. Framing in which panes of glass are set in a window.
2. In a sawmill, the frame straining and working the
saw ; — also called gate. — v. t. To furnish with sashes.
Saa'aa-tras (^Ss'si-frSs), n. [F. ; fr. L. saxijroga
saxifrage.] An American tree of the Laurel family;
bark of its roots, which has an aromatic smell and taste.
Sat (sit), imp. of Srr. [Written also sate.}
Satan (saltan), n. [Heb. satan an adversary, fr.
«3ton to persecute.] The grand adversary of man ; the
Devil, or Prince of darkness.
Sa-tanlO (sA-tSnOk), ) a. Pert, to, or like, Satan ; ex-
Sa-tanlo-al (-T-kal), l tremeW malicious or wicked ;
devilish ; infernal. — Sa-tanlo-al-ly, adv.
SatOll'il (sSch'81), n. [L. sacceUns, dim. of sacctu
bag.] A hand bag. [Spelled also snchel.}
Satt (sit), V. t. [Prob. abbr. fr. satiate.} To satisfy
the desire or appetite of ; to glut ; to surfeit.
Satt (sSt ; rarely sSt), imp. of Srr.
Sat'el-Ute (sSt^-Ut), n. [F., fr. L. satelles, JiHs.}
1. Attendant of a prince or powerful person ; obsequious
dependent. 2. A secondarr planet revolving about an-
other planet. —a. Situated near ; accompanying.
Sa'tl-ate (aS'shT-tt ; 2), a. [L. satiare, -atum, to sat-
isfy, fr. saty satis, enough.] Filled to satiety ; glutted ;
sated. — r. /. 1. To satisfy the appetite or desire of ; to
sate. 2. To gratify to repletion or loathing ; to glut.
8yn. — To Satiatb; SATiBrr: Contckt ; sate : suf-
fice ; cloy ; gor^e ; overfill : iiurfeit : glut. — To coutmt is
to make contented, even though every desire is not fully
gratified. To rnlisfy is to appease fully the longings of
defeire. To satiate is to fill so completely that ft is not
posKihle to enjoy more ; hence, to cause disgust in.
Sa'tt-a'tton C-a'ahlin), n. Satiety.
f9m, recent, Arb, r^fde, fyll, ftm, food, f<>bt, out, oil, chair, go, sins, iQk, tlien, thin.
SATIETY
496
SAVORY
Sft-ti'tt-ty (lA-tll-ty}, n. [L. aatietat.} The being
MtUted or glutted ; f ullneas beyond desire.
Sjn, — Repletion ; Mtiatioa : turfeit : cloyment.
MMn (aitan), n. [F., fr. It. teiino, fr. »eta aUk, L.
Mto briitle ; or of Chinese origin.] Oloaey kilk cloth.
8«H-Btf (-T-nSf ), n. [F. f 1. Thin aathi. 2. Cloth
for trousers nukde of cotton wsrp and woolen filling.
tefln (sKtHr ; in Eng. often aSt^r), n. [L. «a/tra,
fr. tatura (sc. tanx) dish filled with Tsrious fruits, med-
ley, fr. attur sated, fr. saty tntis^ enough.] 1. Discourse
remiking vice or folly: an inrectire poem. 2. Keenness
of remark ; trenchant wit ; sarcasm.
Sjn* — Lampoon ; irony ; ridicule ; burlesque ; wit.
Kk-ttrio (si-tTr^k), I a. 1. Pert, to, or of the nature
8ft-tllfl0-al (-T-kal), \ of, satire. 2. Censorious ; se-
vere in laMuage. — 8a-tlrlo-«l-ly, adv.
Syn. — Outtuig: caustic; sarcastic: ironical: bitter.
8ftt1r-lia (sit^r-Ix), V. t. To attack with satire ; to
censure with sarcasm. — Satlr-lst, n.
SatiS-ttoHoll (-Ts-fSk'shlin), n. 1. A satisfying, or
bdng satisfied ; gratification of desire ; contentment.
%. Settlement of a claim, due, or demand ; payment ;
indemnification. 3. Tlutt which satisfies ; atonement.
Syn. — Contentment : gratification ; recompense ;
nmftTw!f ; remuneration ; indemnification ; atonement.
8atiS-fMt0-ry (-ti-rj^), a, l. Oivlng or producing
aetisfaotion ; relieving the mind from uncertainty ; suf-
ficient. 2. Making amends ; compensating ; atoning. —
flflHt-ftoto-rl-ly, adv. — SarUhfaolo-ri-BMS, n.
BtHnB^W (-fl), V. t. [OF. $ati»fier ; L. *atU enough
-f-<:^«are(incomp.)tomake.l 1. To fill up the measure
of a want of (a person or a thing) ; to content ; to supply
to the full. 2. To giye what is due to. 3. Todischarge
(a didm. debt, legal demand, etc.) ; to pay off ; to re-
quite. 4. To free from doubt or suspense ; to convince.
— V. i. 1. To give satisfaction. 2. To atone.
Syn. — To content ; gratify ; compensate. Bee 8 atiats.
Sft'tnip (sS'trXp or sSt'rSp), n. [Or. varpairuK, fr.
OPers. khthatrnpavan ruler.] Governor of a province
in ancient Persia; petty autocrat ; despot.
tetlttp-T, n, Ctovemment or jurisdiction of a satrap.
Sat^ian (slt'fi-rit), v. t. [L. taturare^ -o/vm, fr.
joter full, sated.] 1. To cause to become completely
penetrated or soaked ; to fill fuUy. 2. To satisfy the
afikdity of ; to cause to become inert by chemical combi-
nation with all that It can hold. »p. a. Filled to reple-
tion ; soaked. — SftMl-ni-llto, a. ~ Saril-ni'tion. n.
8at^-day (-fir-dt ; 2), n. [AS. Steierdxa 8atum*s
day : L. die* Satumi."} Seventh or last day of the week.
JMfimi (-fim), n. [L. Satumtts^ lit., the sower, fr.
serere, mtum, to sow.] 1. One of the elder and prind-
ml Roman deities, son of CcbIus and Terra (Heaven and
Bsith), and father of Jupiter. 2. Planet of the solar
nn^m, next In sise to Jupiter, but farther from the sun.
SaMu-ntOl-t (-fir-nilT-A), n. pi. [L.] 1. The fes-
tival of Saturn. 2. Occasion when the passions or vices
have riotous indulgence. — SaMU-nall-an, a.
Ba-tnr'nl-AII (»*-tQr'nT-on), a. 1. Pert, to Saturn,
who^ wise and mild reign is called the golden age.
2. Distinguished for peacefulness, happiness, content-
ment. 3. Pert, to the planet Saturn.
BuVm-nbtb (sitnir-nin), a. 1. Bom under, or in-
fiuenced by, the planet Saturn. 2. Heavy ; gloomy ;
dull ; — opposite of meratrial.
Satyr (sS'tJr), n. [Or. (raTvpoc.l Mythological
■rlvan deity or demigod, part man and part goat, and
characterised by riotous merriment and lasciviousness.
-Sa-tyrlo (sA^tlr^k), Sa-tyrio-al. «.
SaVM (sas), n. [P., fr. OF. MauMXf, LL. xnlxa, salt
pickle, fr. L. salsus salted, fr. sai salt.] 1. Composi-
tion eaten with food as a relish ; dressing for meat or
flidi or for puddings. 2. Garden vegetables eaten with
meat. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U. 5.] 3. Stewed or pre-
ierved fruit eaten with other food as a relish. [6". <S.]
4. Baucineas; impertinence. [I>mr]— «. f. 1. Toeni^
Sly with appetizing condiments ; to aeaaon ; to flavor.
I. To give sest, fiavor, or interest to ; to render attrac-
tive. 3. To be impudent or saucy ta [CcUoq. or XoirJ
SanoelMiE^ (sfts^bSksO. n. Saucy peraon ; pert ohikL
San'ocr (sfi'iiSr), n. rF. wudhe."] 1. Oriff., pen for
sauce on the table. 2. Small diah to hold a axp.
San'd-ly (-sT-lj^), adv. In a saucy manner.
San'ol-lMM, n. The being saucy; that which ia
saury: impertinent boldness ; contempt of superiors.
8y n . — Rudeness ; insolence. See iMPimncB.
Skll'oy (-»]^), a. [Fr. Mtire.] Showing impertiiieat
boldiieu or pertness ; transgresung decorum.
Syn. — Impudent : insolent ; impertinent ; mde.
Saner'knuir (sourOcrout^), n. [G., fr. muer worn +
kraut cabbage.] Cabbage cut fine and allowed to ferment
in a brine made of Its own Juice with salt.
Saiin't«r(sKnt2r),r.tf. [Written also Mm/er.] [Prob.
fr. F. s^arenturer to adventure (one^s self).] To wander
about idly ; to lounge : to loiter. — n. A aannterti^, or
a sanntenng place. — 8aiin1«r-«r, n.
Syn. — To l(rfter ; Unger; stroll : wander.
II Saa'rt-a(i'ft'rT-A),n. n/. [NL.,fr.Gr. aavDoc Ihnrd.] A
division of reptiles of the lisard kind. — SftllTl-aa, a.&n,
San'Mge (-etj ; 2), n. [F. $aueUs€, LL. taleiha^ fr.
*aha. See Badcb.] A roll of meat minoed and highly
reasoned, and inclosed in a skin.
Santenio' (sS'ttmO, n. [F.] A French white wine.
SftT'a-Me (f^Sv^A-bn), a. Capable of being saved.
Savage (b« vt J ; 2), a. [OF. tairoof^ f r. L. tilmHeu*
wild, fr. gilva a wood.1 1. Pert, to the forest ; remote
from human abodes and cultivation ; in a state of nature.
2. Wild ; untamed. 3. Uncivilised ; rude. 4. Charac-
terized by cruelty ; brutal. — n. 1. A human being un-
taught, uncivilized, or without cultivation of mind or
manners. 2. A man of brutal cruelty : barbarian. —
SaT'ace-ly, adv. — SaT'ace-iMM, Say'af*-ry, n.
Syn. — Wild; uncultivated: rude; bnitish: brutal;
heathenish ; cruel ; merciless ; atrocious. See Fntooooa.
Sa-vail'lia(8A-vSn'nA),n. [Amer. Indian.] Tract of
level land covered with grass or reeds, but destitute of
trees. [Spelt also sarannak.']
I Sa'vanf (sA^vILkO. n. ; pi. Savamtb (P. sA'vXiK: E.
ei'viinz'). [F., fr. snvoir to know.] Man of learning.
Savtt (bIv), r. /. [OF. salver ^ Mntver^ L. •alvart, fr.
talvui safe.] 1. To make aafe ; to preserve from injury
or evil ; to rescue. 2. To deliver from ain and ita pest*
alty ; to bring into a state of spiritual life. 3. To keep
from being spent or lost ; to lay up ; to reserve. 4. To
rescue from something undesirable or hurtful ; to apan.
6. To hinder from doing, suffering, or happening ; to pre-
vent. 6. To hold possession or useof ; to eaoape loaaof.
— r. t. To avoid unnecessary expense.
Syn. — Topreaerve; rescue; protect; spare ; prevent.
— i f>rep. or com. Except ; excepting ; not including.
Syn. — See fixcxrr.
Saving (saving), a. 1. Preserving; rescuing. 2.
Avoiding expense or waste ; frugal. 3. Bringing back
in returns the sum expended ; Incurring no loss, thoogh
not gainful. C Making reservation or exoeption.— jMrep.
or conj. With the exception of ; except ; excepting ;
also, without disrespect to. ^ ». 1. SouMthing saved or
laid up. 2. Exception ; reservation.— SaTtBg-ly, adr.
Bavlats bank, bank In which savinn are put m interest.
Sav'ur (-vSr), n. [OF. salreor^ F. wnwiir, fr. L. tei-
vntor^ It. salvare to save.] [Written also jorteur.] 1.
One who saves, or delivers. 2. The Savior^ he wholvinge
salvation to men ; Jesus Christ, the Redeemer.
Sa'VOr (f«'vSr), n. [OE. & OF. tavoWy it. L. i
fr. Mprrt to taste.l [Written also sovotir.] 1. Teste;
odor; flavor; relish; scent. 2. Specific quality.— v. i.
I i. To have a particular smell or
take of the quality or nature ; to smack \of).
Sa'TOr-leaa, a. Having no savor ; insipid.
I Sa'vor-y (-j^), a. Pleasing to the organs of
(o/). %. Toper-
ft, S, 1, 5, a, long ; &, «, 1, 5, 0, j^, short ; aenftte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, oAre, linn, &ak, ftU, flnoL
SAVOY
497
SCALPEL
.. — a. Aromatic plftnt, uied in cookiug. [Written
alM savoury.} — Sa'VOr-i-ly (•i'TSr-t-iy), adv.
8a-T0Sr' (~a-voi'), n. [F. chou de Snvoie cabbage of
Savoy.] A variety of cabbage haviug curled leaves, —
cultivUed for wiuter tue.
8aw(8ft),imf>.of8B>.
Saw, n, [AS. sagu.^ A aaying ; proverb ; maxim.
Saw, n. L^S. gage: akin to D. K€Uig^ OU0. naga^ L.
aecare to cut, teeula sickle.] An instrument for cutting
(wood, iron, etc), consisting of a thin blade of steel, with
a series of sharp teeth on the edge, ^v.t.&i. To cut,
■epurate, or form by cutting, with a saw. — SaWtr, n.
OlRalar saw, a disk of steel with saw teeth upon its pe-
riphery, and revolved on
an arlx>r. — Saw pit, a pit
over which timoer is
sawed by two men, one
standing below the tim-
ber and the other above.
SaWdnst' {jifm^'h
n. Dust or small frag-
ments of wood (or of
■tone, etc.) made V the ^ , ^ ^ o „ u
cutting of a saw. Circular Saw and Saw Bench.
SaWfUll' (-fT«hO. n. Sharklike lUh, whose flattened
and much el(Migated suout has a row of toothlike struc-
tures along each edge, with which it kills its prey.
Sawlly (-fliO« *>• A hymenopterous insect, the female
of which usually has an ovipositor for boring holes for
ber 9fsgi in leaves or stems of plants. [marble, etc. I
Saw'IBia^ (-mTlO* n. Mill for sawing timber, lumber, I
SaWf 6r (sft'ySr), ». 1. One who saws timber, wood
for fuel, etc. ; a sawer. 2. A tree, fallen into a stream
■o that its branches project above the surface, rocking or
swaying in the current. [U.8.'\
8ax'I-tnig« (sKksT-frtj ; 2), n. [L. saxijraga ; taztitn
rock -^ frangere to break.] A perennial herb growing
in crevices of rocks. Sax-HfrtL-gOUM (-Tf'H^gfis), a,
Baifoa (-fin or -*d), h, [L. 5axo, pi. Saxoties ; cf . AS.
pL Seaxcy Seaxanj fr. teax knife, dagger.] 1. (a) One
of a northern German race, who, with otner Teutonic
tribes, invaded and conquered England in the fifth and
■ixth centuries. (6) An Inhabitant of Saxony. 2. Lan-
gnage of the S ixons ; Anglo-S%xon. ^ a. (a) Pertaining
to the Sucons, their country, or their language, (b) An-
glo-Saxon, (c) Pert, to Saxony or its inhabitants.
Sax'oa-laiB, n. idiom of the Saxon Iwgnage.
Siy (si), V. t. [imp. & p. p. Said (aSd), contr. fr.
aoyed; p. pr. & vb. n. SatikoJ [AS. secgan.} 1. To
exproas in words ; to tell. 2. xo repeat ; to recite. 3.
To annoance as a deciaion or opinion ; to assert ; to be
sure about. 4. To suggest as an e<«timate, hypothesis,
or i^yproxiniation ; to suppose. ^n. A speech: some-
thing said ; maxim or proverb. [Archaic or Colioq.}
Bay Ills, n. Something said ; statement ; aphorism.
8tii. — Declaration ; maxim ; saw ; proverb ; byword.
Boab (skSb), n. [AS. fcirft.] 1. Incrustation over a sore.
2. The mange, esp. on sheep. 3. Nickname for a work-
man who engages for lower wages than are fixed by the
trades unions; also, for one who takes the place of a
workman on a strike. ^ p. i. TO be covered with a scab.
Boab^mfA (skK^bgrd), n. [OF. escaubers.] Case
for the blade of a sword, dagger, etc. ; sheath.
Soab'bea (sklVbSd or sklbd), a. 1. Abounding, or
diseaaed, with scabs. 2. Mean ; paltry ; vile.
SoaVbf (-b]^),a. 1. Scabbed. 2. Diseased with the
■oab, or maove ; mangy. — SoalKlli-iiMUi, n.
8Soa%l-«a(8kSn>T-Sz),n. [L.] The itch, [leprous.!
SoalA-ailS, a, Oonsisthig of scabs ; rough ; itchy : |
SoalMINUI (-brfis), rt. [L. scabrosus^ fr. seaber rough.]
Bough to the touch, like a file ; having small raised dots.
ales, or points ; scabby ; scurfy ; scaly,
8oat1tta(skSf'fftld),n. [OF. Mcha/a
M B. A F. catafalque^ 1. Temporary structure
OF. escha/ault; prob. orig.
^ ,- J !• Temporary structure
for BuppoiMng workmen and materials in building, for
;he head. I
>bv. — M.I
, followed
exhibiting a spectacle upou, for holding q>ectators at a
show, etc 2. Elevated plitform for tho execution of a
criminaL ^v.L To furnish or uphold with a scaffold.
Soaffold-ing, n. 1. A scaffold ; supporting f ranw>
work. 2. Materials for building scaffolds.
Soasl'la (sk&l'yA), n. [It.] A reddisli limestone.
Soaffl-lola (-yS'lA), n. [It. seagliuola^ dim. of
i^aglia.'] Stucco in imitation of marble.
Soal'a-llle (skil'^-bU), a. Capable of being scaled.
Soa-ladO' (ski-ladO, Sw-U'dO (-lS'd6), ». SscaUde.
Soal'a-wak (skftl'&-wSg), n. A scamp ; scapegrace.
Soald (skua), V. /. [L. ezcaldare ; «x -f- caldy^^ calU
dus, hot.] To bum with hot liquid or steam. — n. A
bum by hot liquid or steam. [Scurf on the head. |
Soidd, a. [For teailed. See Scall.] Scabbv
Bcald head, disease of the scalp, with pustules, f '
by scales and falling out of the hair.
Soald (skftld or skftld), n. [Icel. *kald.'\ One of the
ancient Scandinavian poets and historiographers ; Teu-
tonic bard. [Written also skald.] — Soaidao, a.
Soala (skal), n. [AS. scale.] 1. Dish of a balance;
instrament for weighing. 2. pi. Sign or constellation
Ubra. — V. t. To weigh or measure by a scale ; to grade
or vanr according to a scale or system.
Scale, n. [AS. scealu^ scatu^ shell, parings.] 1. One
of the thin, membranous, bony or homy pieces cover-
ing many fishes, reptiles, and mammals. 2. Layer or leaf
of metal, etc., thin like a flsli's scale. 3. IncrusUtion
deposited inside a vessel in which water is heated. 4.
Oxide on the surface of metals, —v. L 1. To strip or
clear of scales. 2. To take off in ttiin Uyers or scales. —
r. t. To separate and come off in thin layers or lamluffi.
Soale, n. [L. scalae^ pi., fr. scala staircase, ladder;
akin to scnndere to climb.] 1. Orig., a ladder ; series of
steps. 2. Anythiug^rraduated, esp. as a measure or rale :
(a) A mathematics mstrument, having spaces graduated
on its surface, for measuring distances, etc. (6) A series
of spaces representing proportionately larger distances,
(c) A basis for a numeral system, (d) On^uated series
of all the musical tones; gamut. 3. Gradation; pro-
gressive series. 4. Relative dimensions. — r. t. To cUmb
by a ladder ; to ascend by steps ; to clamber up.
Soalelesa (skalISs), a. Destitute of scales.
Soa-lene' (skA-lSn'), a, [Or. cricaAi^.] (a) Having
the sides and angles unequal ; — said of a tri-
angle, (fr) Having the axis inclined to the
base, as a cone. [roughness. I
Soall-neM (skUT-nSs), n. A being scaly; I
Soall (skal), n. [loel. «ika//* bald head.] A
scurf or scabby disease, esp. of the scalp.
Soalllon (skSKyfin), n. [OF. esenlone^ L.
eaepn Asctdonia onion of Ascalon ; caepa onion ^
-f Ascalonhts of Ascalon, a town in Palestine, scalene
Cf. Shallot.] A small onion, native of Pales- Triangle,
tine ; esclialot ; shallot.
Soallop(sk9nfip),n. [OF. e«ca/ope shelL] [Written
also scollop.] 1. A marine bivalve mollusk, whose shell
is usually radially ribbed, and the edge undulated. The
shell of a species found on the coast of Palestine was for-
merly worn by pilgrims to show that they had been to the
Holy Land. 2. Curving edge like that of a scallop shell.
3. Shells of a scallop ; dish resembling a scallop shell.—
V. t. 1. To cut the edge of into segments of circles, like
a scallop shell. 2. To bake in scallop shells ; to prepare
witli crumbs of bread or cracker, and bake.
Soalp (sUQp), n. [Perh. akin to D.irrA«/n shell.] 1.
Skin on top of tlie heid, usually covered with hair. 2.
Skin of the head, with hair attached, torn off from an
enemy by North American Indian warriors, as a trophy.
— r. t. To deprive of tlie scalp ; to remove the skin of.
— I', t. To make a small, auick profit by slight fluctua-
tions of the market. [BroKers'' cant]
Soal'pel (skin'pgl), n. [L. scalpellum, dim. of seal-
prum knife.] Surgeon's knife with a thin, keen blade.
fCm, rsoent, 6rb| ryde, fvll> Ani, food, fo^t, out, oil, oliair, go, aiuK* ^kt tben^ thin.
32
SCALY
498
SCENE
Soal'y (•kil'f), a. 1. Covered with acftlea. 2. Re-
■embliug scales, Umin<e, or layem. 3. Mean : low. [/yotr]
SoamldO (skfimO)'!), v. i. [Gf. OD. tchampelen to
•lip.] To move awkwardly ; to shamble ; to scramble.
Soam'mo-ny (-m^-nj^), n. [Ur. aKatifuovia.} 1. A
bindweed or convolvulus. 2. luspissated sap from the
root of a convolvulus, used iu medicine as a cathartic.
Soamp (skXmp), n. [OP. eseamper to run away.] A
rascal ; swindler ; rogue.— v. t. To perform neglectfully
or superfidaUy. [CoUoq.l — Sounptsh, a.
Soam'per (skSm'per), v. i. [OF. e*camper to escape ;
L. ex from -f- campus field (sc. of battle).] To run ; to
hasten away. — n. ▲ scampering ; hasty flight.
Softn (sun), V. t. [L. »candere^ scansum^ to climb,
to scan.] 1. Orig., to mount by steps. 2. To go through
with (a verse of poetry), marking the feet composing It.
3. To go over, examiuing point by point ; to scrutinise.
SOftn'dal (skln'dal), n. [Or. <ricay5aAoy snare laid for
an enemy, stumbling block, scandal.] 1. Offense caused
or expeneuced ; reproach for what is regarded as wrong ;
diwrace. 2. Opprobrious censure ; defamatory talk.
Sjrn. — Defamation ; slander ; calumny ; disgrace.
8otll'dal-lie, V. /. 1. To offend the feelings or con-
science of (a person) ; to bring shame or reproach upon.
2. To reproach ; to libel ; to slander.
Soan'dal-OIUI, a. l. Offending the conscience or
moral feelings ; calling out condemnation. 2. Disgrace-
ful to reputation ; opprobriooa. 3. Defamatory ; libel-
ous. — Soan'tel-ons-iy, adv. — Soau'dal-oiui-neu, n.
SOftn'dent, a. [L. acandtns^ -dentig, p. pr. of scandere
to cUmb.1 Climbing.
Soan'dl-lia'Tl-ail (-dT-ni'vT-an), a. Pert, to Scandi-
navia, ^n. An inhabitant of Scandinavia.
Soan'llOll, n. A scanning.
II Soan-SOtWi (-sS'rSz), n. pi. [NL., fr. L. tcanderr,
scantum.] A group of birds having the toes in pain,
two before and two behind, enabling them to climb upon
trees, as the woodpeckers, Mrrots, cuckoos, and trogons.
See Illust. under Avss. — SOMI-M'Il-al, a.
Softnt (skint), a. [IceL tkamt^ neuter of skamr short. ]
1. Not full or plentiful ; meager ; not enough. 2. Spar-
ing ; parsimonious ; chary. — v. i. 1. To limit ; to sUnt.
2. To cut short ; to curtail. ^ v. i. To fail, or become
lesA. — Seanfly, adv. — Soanf iims, n,
Sjm. — 8«eScAKTT.
SotalUlIf , n. [OF. eMekantaion pattern.] Piece of
timber cut o7 a small size, for studs, rails, etc.
BotaA'j {-S\ a. [Fr. »cant, a.] 1. Wanting ampli-
tude or extent ; small; not abundant. 2. Somewhat less
than is needed ; insufficient ; scant. 3. Sparing ; nig-
gardly. — Somtl-ly, adv. — Soantl-i
BoftM (skip), n. [L. $capu» shaft, stem, stalk; cf.
Or. (rxajrof stalt.j 1. Peduncle rising A
from the ground or from a subterra- ^ |^^
neau stem. 2. Long basal joint of
the antennae of an insect. 3. Shaft
of a column.
Soape, v.t.&i. To escape. — n.
An escape; escapade.
Soape'gOAt' (-gSt/), n. [Scape
( for esenpe) -f goat. ] 1. A goat upon
whose head were symbolically placed
the sins of the Jewish people, after « Scsjf "' Plantain
which he was suffered to escape into (Pl«*f»9o).
the wilderness. 2. One made to bear blame for others.
Sompe'gnUM' (-gra«'), n. A graceless, unprincipled
person : one who is wild and reckless.
Soap^n-lt (skSp'd-U), n. ; pi. L. ScAPiTUB (-IS), E.
Scapulas (-IAkV [L.] Shoulder blade. — Soap'll-lar, a.
8MP^-Ur, Somp'll-Ul-ry (-It-ry), n. 1. Loose sleeve-
less vestment worn by certain religious orders. 2. Ban-
dage for the shoulder.
Soar (sk&r), n. [OF. escort eschar, dry slough , f r. Or.
ivx^pa. hearth, eschar.] Hark in the skin remaining
after a wound or ulcer is healed; a cicatrix; biflniiah;
disfigurement. — r. /. Tu maiit with scars.
Soar (akiir), n. [Scot.; Icel. «Jkrr rock hi the Mft.] Im
lated or protruding rock ; steep eminence ; ban idaoe on
a mountain's side. [Written also scawr.'S
Soaroe (sktra), a. [OF. esearsy fr. L. exeerpere, -etrp-
tum^ to pick out, contract, ahorten ; ex + carpere to
pluck.] Not plentiful ; rare ; uncommon.
Sjn, — Infrequent ; deficient See Rabi.
Soaxoe, \adv. With difficulty ; hardly; acuUy;
Boarooay, ( barely ; but just.
ScarOd^neM (-nSs), in. A being scarce ;deficien-
Soar'Ol-ty (sktr'sT-tj^), f c> ; short supply.
Syn* — Lack ; penury ; dearth ; rarity ; Infreqaencv.
Soare (aktr), V. t. [Prob. fr. loeL skirra to bar, sktr-
rnsk to shrink from.] To strike with sudden fear. ^n.
Fright ; esp. , sudden fright from alight cause. [ CoUog. ]
8yu. - To aUrm ; frighten ; startle ; afTrigbt ; terrily.
Soare'onnr (-krS^), n. l. Anything set up to frighten
crows from cornfields ; anything terrifying without du>-
ger. 2. One clad iu rags and tatters.
Searf (skiirf ), n. [Cf. OF. esekarpe pilgrim's scrip, or
wallet.] Decorative article of dress, worn loosely over
the shoulders or about neck or waist ; neckcloth.
Soail r. /. [Sw. skarfva to join together, Aarf s
(a) In a piece which
joint. ] (a ) To form a scarf on the end or edge of (a johit
in timber, metal rods, etc. (6) To unite (pieces of tim-
ber or metal) by « scarf joint, ^n,
is to be united to another i _:::
by a scarf joint, the part ) W
of the end or edge that is ' '
tapered off, rabbeted, or
notched so as to be thinner
than the rest of the piece.
(6) A scarf joint.
Searf jolat. ia) Johit
made by overlapping and
bolting or locking together
the ends of timbers halved.
Varioua MndM of Ciearfinc
Timbers
notched, or cut away so
that tliey will fit each other and form a lengthened U
{b) Joint formed by welding, riveUng. or bra^dng together
overlapping scarfed ends of metal roda, sheeta, etc
Soaxf'SkIn' (nkiirf'skTnO, n. Epidermis.
Soarl-ty (sWlra-fi), r. /. [L. scarificnrt, tr. Or.
(rffapu^a<r0at to scratch up, <ncapi^oc pointed ina^ment.]
1. To scratch or cut the skin of ; to make small inciaiooa
in, by a lancet or scarificator, so as to draw blood with-
out opening a large vein. 2. To stir the surface noil of
(a field).— 8oar1-fl'«r, Soain-fl-ca'tor (skimr-n-ki'-
tSr), n. — Soarl-fi-oaOlmi (skSr'T-n-ki'ahttn), n.
8oarla-tl'lia(skKr'l&-tS'n&),n. [NL.] Scarlet fever.
Soaxlat (-Ifit), n. [OF. escartate^ LL. scaHatum^ fr.
Per. sakirlat.'} 1. Deep bright red tinged with yellow.
2. Cloth of a scarlet color, —a. Of an orange-red color.
Scarlst fever, a contagious febrile diseaae charmcteriaed
by a scarlet raish.
Scarp (sk&rp), n. [F. escarpe^ fr. esearper to cot
steep.] Slope of the ditch nearest the parapet in fbitiik-
catlon. — V. f. To cut down perpendicularly.
Soatll (skXth), n. [IceL skaSt, akin toD.&Q, schade
injury.] Harm; hijnry ; hurt; waste; misfortune.
[Written also scathe.^ — Soathfol, a. -> Soatklan, a.
Soatlie (skath), ) r. /. [Icel. dcaSa.^ To injuto; to
Soatll (skith), j waste; to destroy.
Soan«r (skftt'tSr), V. t. & i. [Akin to shaUer.'\
X. To strew about ; to sprinkle around. 2. To dini-
pate; to disperse; to separate. [person.!
Soat^ar-braln' (-brinO* n. Olddy or thoughtless I
SoaT^on-ger (skXv^n-jSr), n. [OE. seopager^ fr. AS.
scf&tcian to inspect. ] One employed to clean streeU and
carry off filth; animal which devours refuse, carrion, etc
SoMie (sSn), n. [L. seena, Or. cic^ covered place,
tent, stage.] 1. Structure on which a apeetacie <a plw
is exhibited ; stage. 2. Fittings of a ati«e ; device oaed
S, B, 1, 5, f^ long ; ft, «, I, tt, O, t, short ; imftte, «vent, tdM, Obey, ftnite, oAi^ ttni^ Aflk, 9II, fin^
SCENERY
499
SCIMITER
t
I
to give appearanoe of reality to a play. 3. Separate
portton 01 a play, subordinate to the act. 4. Place,
time, circutnatauce, etc., iu which anything occurs, or
in which the action of a story, play, etc., is laid ; place
of occurrence or action. 6. AsaeuibUge of objects pre-
sented to the view at once ; spertacle ; show ; view.
6. Landscape; scenery. 7. Uxliibition of passionate
feeling before others ; artifici.il action done for effect.
8otn'cr-y (sSu'Sr-j^), ». 1. Assemblage of scenes;
arrangement of the scenes of a play, poem, etc. 2. Sum
of scenes or riews ; aspect of a landscape.
Botnlo (aSnTk or sen^k), ) a. Pert, to scenery ; the-
8o«l'llMa(-Mcal), ) atrical.
SOiOt (aSnt), V. /. [Orig., *ent^ fr. F. sentir to feel, to
ameU.] jL To amelL 2. To fill with odor ; to perfume.
— M. 1. Odor ; smell. 2. Odor left by an animal ou
the ground in passing over it ; track of discovery. 3.
Power of smelling ; sense of smell. — SoMltlMS, a.
Soepter ) (B8p'U>r), ». [F. aceptre, L. sce^ruin^ Or.
Sosp^trt ) <rx^irrpor staff, scepter.] 1. Staff
or baton borne by a sovereign, as emblem of au-
thority. 2. Royal or imperial power or authority ;
■overeignty.^r. t. To endow with the scepter,
or invest with royal authority.
flMpHo (skVtTk). a. & n. Skeptic.
BohOdllto (skSd'Al ; in Eng. commonly shSd'dl),
«. [P. eedule, formerly schedule^ L. schedula^ dim.
of tcJteda strip of papyrus bark, leaf of paper ; Or.
9x^ tablet, leaf .J Scroll or sheet of paper ; doc-
ument ; list or inventory. — v. t. To enroll ; to
•onmerate.
Syn. — Catalogue ; list ; inventory. See List.
Mialk (shSk or shak), n. Sheik.
BffhflWlt (skim), n. [Or. vx^fitL, o-x^M^TtK, form,
outline, plan, fr. (tycii', ix'^^t ^'^ ^^^^ o** *^^^^« ^
■oatain, check.] 1. Combination of thhtgs adjusted
by design ; system. 2. Plan of somethmg
to be done; design; project. 3. Lineal or A form of
mathematical diagram ; outline, —v. t. A i. ^^vter.
To plan ; to project ; to plot. — Sohem'Mr, n.
Syn.— ScHSMB ; Plan ; project ; design ; contrivance ;
purpose; device ; plot.— Scheme tandpkm are subordi-
nate to olrW^.' they propose modes of carrying designs
into effect. Scheme lies more in speculatiou. A jdnn is
drawn out into details to be carried mto effect. .\s schrme.s
are speculative, they often prove visionary ; hence the
opprobrious use of the words schemer and scheming.
Sollto^bllll' (skS-dlmO, n. HolUnd gin made at
Schiedam m the Netherlands. [coin.
flidlllllBK (shTllTng), n. Small Oerman and Dutch
Soldsm (sis*m), n. [Or. vxivfia, fr. axi^fti' to split.]
Division; permanent separation in the Christian church.—
Solilihmat'lo (sTx-mSt'Tk), a. & n.— Sobi9-matl3-al, a.
Syn.— Schismatic: heretic: partisan. See HBasTic.
Soiyst (shTst), n. [Or. <rxtoTo« divided, divisible, fr.
<rxi^*u^>l Crystalline rock having a foliated structure
and readily split into slabs or sUtes. — Sdllstlo, Schis-
VOB^ (shls-tVL SotalSt'ons (shTst^Qs), a.
8<dmapM (v. shn&ps : E. shnXps), n. [O., a dram of
spirits.] Holland gin. (U.S.]
SfdlOl'ar (skSl'Sr), n. [AS. tcOlere, fr. L. Jicholnns
pert, to a school, fr. schola school.] 1. One who attends
a school ; pupil : learner ; student. 2. Learned person ;
savant. — CkUlOl'ar-ly. «. & adv.
Syn.— Scholab; Pupil; learner; disciple. — .<?rAo/ar
refers to the instruction, and jmjtil to the care and gov-
ernment, of a teacher. A scholar is under instruction ; a
jnaptf is under the care of an instructor.
Sohtfl'ar-Slllp, n. 1. Character and qualities of a
scholar ; attainments in science or literature ; erudition ;
learning. 2. H<iintenance for a scholar ; foundation to
support a student.
MiO-Ua'ttO (skS-lSs^Tk), a. [Or. <rxoAaaruc<k, fr.
vxeAi( leisure, lecture, school.] 1. Pert, to, or suiting,
t scholar or school ; scholarltke. 2. Pert, to the Rchooh
men and divines of the Middle Ages. 3. Pedantic ; for-
mal.—flcho-las'ti-cism (sk6-UUar-BTz*ui), n.
Scho'il-ast (skO'lI-Sit), n. [Or. <rxoA(a(mK, fr. ax6-
Atoi' scholiumj A maker of scholiu ; commentator or
annotator. — MhO'li-aa'tlo, a.
Solioai-Clll (-fim), n. / pi. L. Schoua (-A), E. SoBOLi-
UMS (-timz). [NL., fr. Or. axoAtof, fr. 07^0X19.] 1. ▲
marginal aimotation. 2. Observation subjoined to a dem-
onstration or train of reasoning.
School (skodl), n. [For shoal crowd ; prob. confused
with school for learning.] A shoal ; multitude.
School, R. [AS. scdlu, L. schola, Or. <rxa\i} leisure,
disputation, lecture, school.] 1. Plaice for learned inter-
course and mental training. 2. Establishment for in-
structing children. 3. A medieval seminary for teaching
l^c, metaphysics, and theology, characterized^ by sub-
tilties of reasoning. 4. Disciples of a teacher ; sect ;
der--fn-t--:: — -. f. 1 Tr trr-in at a school ; toteach.
2. T\t 1 iM'lt- a-o^l iuiuioi^ihiii : ij iJiscipline.
SchoollKMik (b^k ), A. ikook used in schools for
learijhi},' Imasucik.
SchOOl'^oy (-^roj ), n. B<iy attending a school.
Be tiool 'lei I<j w ( -1 ?-i' 1$ )i n ■ Associate in school.
B^^lioorstrl (-(K^rt ), n. Girl attending a school.
School 'kouso' (-lujus'), ^. House for instruction.
SchOill'liig. ri. 1. Unttrtiction in school; toition;
aci H,a L. u,^. 2r JJiKrtpl)n<^: reproof; reprimand.
3. Compensation for instruction ; price paid to a teacher.
Schooring, a. Running in schools or shoals (of fish).
SohOOl'lnail, n. One versed in the niceties of academ-
ical disputation or of school divinity.
School'nuurtor (-mAs^tSr), n. Teacher of a school.
School'nuito' (skool'matO, n. Schoolfellow.
Schod'kllli'tross (-mls^trSs), n. Female school-
teacher. [taught. I
Schod'toom' (-room'), n. Room where pupils are|
Schoon'er (skSdu'Sr), n. [Prob. fr. seoon to make
stones skip along the surface of water ; prob. allied to
AS. «CMn»an tosliun.] Orig., a small, sharp-built vessel,
with two masto and fore-and-aft ri^ ; a vessel with three,
four, and even with six masts, similarly rigged.
Schoon'er, n. [D.] Large goblet for Iwer. [17.5.]
Schorl (shdrl), n. [O. schorl.] Black tourmaline.
SchOftish I (shSt'tish), n. [O. «cAo//i«cA Scottish,
SohOt'tischO ) Scotch.] A Scoteh round dance ui
2-4 time, similar to the polka ; music for such a dance.
Sd-ag'm-phy (st-«g'rA.fy), n. [Or. <nciaypa^i'a, fr.
(Tjcia shadow -{- ype^ty to delineate.] 1. The deline-
ating shadows. 2. Vertical section of a building.
Sd-at1c (-Stik), a. [LL. sciaticus, L. ischiadicus^
Or. urxioStink. See Ischial.] Pert, to, near, or affect-
ing, the hip ; ischial. — n. Sciatica. [nerve. I
Sd-ari-ca (-T-k&), n. TNL.] Neuralgia of the scUticj
Sd'ence (si'«nA), n. [F., fir. L. sciential fr. scire to
know.] 1. Ascertained facts. 2. Accumulated knowl-
edge, formulated for discovery of general laws.
Syn. — SriBNCB ; LmntATURB ; Art ; knowledge. —
Scienre is literally hioirledge, but usually denotes a sys-
tematic and orderly arrangement of knowledge. In a
more distinctive sense, science embraces knowledge of ul-
timate prhiciples, or Inws arranged in natural order. The
term liternture sometimes denotes all compositions not
embraced under science^ but is usually confined to bdlen-
letti'fs. A rt depends on practice and skill in performance.
Sd'en-tiflO (si'8n-tTf^k), a. \. Pert, to science;
used in science. 2. Agreeing with, or depending on,
principles of science. 3. Having syntematic knowledge.
— Sd'en-tlflc-al-ly, a(fv. [vestigator; savant. I
Soi'en-tlst, n. One learned in scienoe ; scientific in-|
Scill-OOt (^TI^-a9t), adv. [L., fr. «ctrf licet you may
know.] To wit ; namely ; videlicet ; — abbr. #r., or ss.
Sdml-ter \ (bTniT-tgr), w. [P. dmeterre, fr. Biscayan
Solml-tar ( dmetarra with a sharp edge ; or oorrup.
fr. Per. shimshlr.] 1. Orientol saber edged on the con-
vex side. 2. A long-handled billhook.
firm tMmt, •rbf r^de, t^, Ohm folad, fo^ot, out, oil, ohair, bo, sinv, ink, than, thiu.
SCINTILLA
600
SCOURGE
I SotMAlft (arn^nnt), n, [L.] Sptfk ; loto ; titUe.
MBm-Uuit (•Tn'tTl-kuit), a, [L. seiHtUUms^ p. pr.
of Min/i/Zore to qwrkle.! Emitting sparks ; sparUinir.
BolBlll-Ute, V. i. [L. seiniUlarCj -latum.] 1. To
emit spark*, or fine Igneous particles. 2. To sparkle,
as the fixed stars. — Soln'ta-Ulttoll, n.
SofO-llia (ei'^-lTs'm), n. Knowledge of a sciolist.
SofO-Ust, n. [L. sciolutj dim. of Mrtta knowing, fr.
teire to know.] One wlio knows many things super-
ficially ; pretender to scimce ; smatterer.
Sd'on ^li'lin), n. [F., prob. fr. icier to saw, f r. L. Jtecare
to out.] 1. (a) Shoot or sprout of a plant; sucker, (b)
Piece of a slender branch or twig cut for grafting. [For-
merly written also eion^ and cyon.l 21. Descendant ; heir.
II wra fa'Ol-M (ai'rt fi'^shT-Is). [L., do you cause
to know.] A judicial writ, founded upon some record,
requiring tlie party proceeded against to show cause why
the party bringing it should not have advantage of such
record, or why the record should not be annulled.
Solr'lrlllUI (skTr'rfis), n. [NL., fr. L. scirros. Or.
CKippot, fr. aicippoc hard.] (a) An indurated organ or
part. (6) A cattuerous tumor wliicli is liard, translucent,
and emits a creaking sound when incised. — SotrflUNUI,
a. — 8olr-xliM'l-ty (-r5sa-ty), n.
Soto'Ml (ftT»'B61), n. [L. MciMili*, fr. teindertj scu-
tum, to cut, split. Y Clippiues of metals.
Soifl'lloa (sTsh'Qn), n. [L scitsio^ fr. scinderc.] A
dividing with an edged instrument.
Bds'Mr (sTs'sSr), V. t. To cut with scissors.
Sols'iora (-«8r«), n. pi. [OF. cisoires, fr. L. cifdere
to cut.] A cutting instrument resembling shears, but
smaller. Often caUed a pair of scifsorg.
Bds'Slirt (sTsl/fir), n. [L scixsura, fr. seindere,
$eiuum.'] Longitudinal cutting ; cleft ; fissure.
i Sol-lllllS (st-u'rtis), n. [L., bquirrel, Or. o-iribvpoc.]
A genus of rodents comprising the squirrels.
SoUy (sklKv or skliv), SoUve, n. Slav.
8oU-rot10 (sklt-r5tak), a. [Or. <ricAi)p<k hard.]
Hard ; firm ; — applied to the out^r coat of the eyebalL
— n. Sclerotic coat of the eye. See Illust. of Et«.
Boobs (sk5bs), n. sing. Sipl. [L. , f r. scabtre to scrape.]
1. Raspings of ivory, metals, etc. 2. Dross of metals.
Sooff (sk5f ), n. [0£. scof; perhaps akin to E. shove.}
1. Derision ; mockery. 2. Object of derision, ^v. i. To
manifest oontempt by derisive acts or langtiage. — r. /.
To mock at — Soolrtr, n. — Sooff lug-ly, odr.
8yn. —To sneer ; mock ; gibe : Jeer. See Sima.
ftcOd (skSId), V. i. & t. [Akin to D. schelden.'\ To
caumre rudely or clamorously; to chide sharply or
ooarsely.— n. 1. One who scolds; rude, clamorous
woman: ahrew. 2. A scolding; brawL— Soold'ar, ».
SoiA'lop (skSlOfip), n. & V. Scallop.
SOOBM (akBus), n. [D. sehans, perh. fr. OP. esconse
hidfaaff plAoe, akin to L. abscondere, -sconsum, to hide.]
1. A fortifioatlon ; fort. 2. Hut for shelter ; stall. 3.
Piece of armor for the head ; helmet. 4. Hnad ; skull ;
brain; sense. IColloq.} 6. Poll tax ; fine. 6. Lantern
or cased support for a candle ; fixed candlestick.
SOOOP (skoop), n. [D. schop shovel, akin to E. shove.']
1. Large ladle ; implement for digging out and dipping
or shoveling up anything. 2. A baslnlike cavity ; a hol-
low. 3. A sweep ; stroke ; swoop. — > v. t. 1. To take
out or up with a scoop. 2. To hollow ; to excavate.
Beeop Bst, hand net, used in fishing.
Sooot (^kCSt), r. t. To hurry ; to run. [CoUoq., V. S.]
Boom (akSp), n. [Or. <rKoir6^ watcher, mark, aim.]
1. Thing or end aimed at ; intention ; drift; object. 2.
Room or opportunity for free outlook, aim, or action ;
free course ; liberty. 3. Length: extent: sweep.
Bcor-lmtloCuker-bu'tTk), 1 o. [LL.«c<>r6M/tt« scurvy.]
Boor-lratlO-al (-tT-kcrl), j Pert, to, like, or diseased
with, scurvy.
BoOfOll (nkOrch), r. t. & i. [OF. escorehier to strip
the bark from, to skin, LL. esrortieme ; L. ex from -H
eorteXf 4icU, buk.] 1. To bom ■apsrfidaUjr ; to pin^
or shrivel, by beat. 2. To bom or be burnt.
Boon (akor)* »• [AS. seor twenty, f r. Meroa to ibMr,
cut ; akin to Dan. skurt notch.] 1. Notch or faiclaioB ;
esp., one made as a tally maik. 2. Account or reckon-
ing ; bill ; indebtedness. 3. Aocount ; motive ; saks.
4. The number twenty, as being maiked off by a spedal
score or tally ; pf. , a huge number. 6. Number of points
gained by contestants in a gune. 6. line drawn ; groove ;
furrow. 7. Draught of a musical oompositioa, with tbo
parts for all the mstruments or voices. — r. t. X. To
mark with lines, scratches, or notchea, esp. for keeping
account of something. 2. To set down ; to charge. S.
To make a score of (points, runs, etc.) hi a game. 4. To
write (music) in proper arrangement ~ BooCir, n.
II Boo^Wi (skO'rT-A), n. ;^ SooauB (•«}. [L., fr. Or.
9Kmpia^ fr. onrMp dung, ordure.] 1. Refuse of i
rmmp uuuk, vruurv.j a> n««uaa «m luvtii^w
metals ; slag ; droas. 2. Cellular slaggy lav» ; Toloauk
oinders. — BoO'rl-a'OOOIUI (-i'shfis), a.
Bco'H-fonB (-fOrm), a. In the form of scoria.
Boo'll-fT (-ii), V. t. To reduce to scoria ; to separate
from, or by, a slag. — Boo'rl-fl-OfttlOII, ».
(skdm), n. [OF. eseam.] 1. Lofty contemLt.
2. Expression of extreme contempt 3. Object of disdain.
8yn. — Contempt : derision ; slight ; mockery.
^ r. t. 1. To hold in extreme contempt ; to disdain.
2. To insult ; to mock. — Boon'or, n. — Boomfol, «.
— Boomfol-ly, a<f r. — Boorn'tal-MM, n.
Syn. — To contemn : de^se ; disdain. See Covrsmr.
II Boor^-O (skfir'pT-^), n. ; pL Sooanovn (-S'l.Ss).
[L.] 1. A scorpion. 2. (a) The 8th sign of the xodlac,
marked thus [Itf] in almanacs. (6) A oooatellatlon ood-
taining the bright star Antares.
Boor^-on (-fin), n. [F., fr. L. scorpio. Or. aitoprwt.'}
1. Spiderlike animal, whose Jointed tall
ends in a venomous sting. 2. Scorpio, o
sign and constellation.
Boot (skQt), n. [AS. Seotta,] An In-
Iwbitant of Scotland ; Scotchman.
Boot, n. [Icel. skot or OF. eseol, "LL.
tcottum ; of O. origin.] Portion of money
assessed or paid ; contribution ; fine.
Bootdh (•kSch), o. Ptort to Scotland ;
Scottish. — n. 1. DialecU of Bngliah (
spoken by the people of SooUand. 2. Col-
lectively, the people of Scotland. <
Bootdhf V. i. [Cf.*F. aecoler to prop,
also Armor, skoas shoulder, Aoazia to i
shoulder up.] To shoulder up ; to prop
orblock(awheel,eto.)vHthawedge,chock, », _.
etc., to prevent eMpping. - n. Chock, *5SSJ^^^
wedge, or other support, to prevent slip- etiamm).
MOlOb, v. t. [Prob. Mone as seutch,] To cut super-
ficially ; to woimd ; to score. — • n. Slight cut or hadiuni.
BootOhlBAII, n. A Soot ; Scotsman.
Boof-froe' (8k5t^fr80« <>• Free from payment of
soot ; untaxed ; unhurt ; clear ; safe.
(skOts), a. Scotch ; Scottish.
iBail, n. Scotchman.
Boottl-Olim (skStaT-sTt*m), f». Scoteh idiom.
Boot'ttsh, a. Pert to the inhabitants of Scotland,
their country, or their language.
BoOVB'drM (skoun'driH), n. [AS. teunUm to shun.]
Worthless fellow; rascal; villain. — a. Low; base;
mean. — BoOIIB'drel-irai, n.
Boonr (skour), v. t. & i. [Akin to LO. sckiiren , perh.
fr. LL. escurare, fr. h.ex -{- curare to take care.] 1. To
clean by friction ; to cleanse from grease, dirt, etc 2.
To purge. 3. [Perh. a different word, and fr. L. earvr-
rere to run forth. Cf. Excubsiok.] To paaa awiltly
along ; to search thoroughly. — BooVT'or, ».
BMmrffe (skfirj), n. [F. escourgiej fr. L. exeorittc
(sc. snilica) a stripped off (lash or whip), fr. ercoriare to
S, 1, 1, 5, G, long ; ii, fi, I, tt, tt, f, short ; senftte, dvent. Idea, Obey, finite, cAre, ilrm, Ask, nU, final
SCOUT
501
SCROFULA
•trip, to akin.] 1. Strap or cord ; lash naed to inflict
pain or punishiueut ; whip. 2. An infliction or afliictiou.
— V. /. 1. To whip severely ; to lash. 2. To cliastise.
Boost (skout)* r. /. [Icel. sk^a a taunt.] To reject
with oontempC ; to treat with ridicule ; to flout.
SoiOti n. [OF. etcoute aoout, spy, (r. escouter to lis-
ten, L. auseultare to hear with attention.] 1. One sent
out to gain and bring in tidings. 2. A reconuoitering.
TCoUoqA — r. /. A ». To spy out ; to reconnoiter.
800W (skou), n. [D. schouw.l Flat-bottomed boat
SOOWl (skoul). f. i, TAkin to Icel. skoUa to skulk ; of.
AS. teeoth sqointiug.l L To look sour, severe, or angry.
2. To look threatenmg; to lower. »n. 1. Expression
of displeaMirB or discontent in the countenance; an
aiwry frown. 2. Dark or threatening aspect.
fieimVUo (skrlb^bn), V. i, LPr«q- of scrape.] 1. To
seruM, paw, or scratch with the hands; to scramble.
2. To make irregular, crooked, or unmeaning marks ; to
•cribble ; to scrawL — n. A scrabbling ; a moving upon
the hands and knees ; scramble ; also, a scribble.
Soimg (skrig), n. [Cf. Gael, ggreagaeh dry, shriveled,
rocky.1 Something thin, lean, or rough ; bony piece of
meat ; the neck. — Bcrag'god, Soimc'gy, a.
SonmlllO (skrXm^T), V. i. [Freq. of Prov. E.
teramp to snatch atj 1. To clamber with hands and
knees ; to scrabble. 2. To stru|^le for something thrown
upon tlie ground. — r. /. 1. To collect b^ scrambling.
2. To prepare (eggs) for tlie table, by stirring the yolks
and whites together while cooking, ^n. 1. A scram-
Uing, climbiug on all fours, or clambering. 2. A jos-
tling for something desired ; strugn^le. — Sortinlllor, n.
Bonn (akrip), n. [Icel. skrap trifle.] 1. Something
•craped off ; bit ; fragment. 2. Brief excerpt.
Sormpltaiok' (-bd6V), n. Blank book in which ex-
tracts cut from books andjpapers may be pasted and kept.
Sormpo (skif p), v. t. [icel. skrapaJ] 1. To rub over
the surface of (something) with a sharp or rough instru-
ment ; to abrade ; to make smooth or clean. 2. To col-
lect by scraping ; to acquire avariciously and save penu-
riously.— f. i. 1. To rub over the surface of anything
with something which roughens, removes, or cleans it ;
to rub noisily idong. 2. To play awkwardly on a violin,
etc 3. To bow clumsUy. — n. 1. A scraping ; scratch ;
harsh Mrnnd. 2. A drawing back of the loot when bowing.
2. Disagreeable predicam<^nt : diff)'*nltv. — Borap'or, n.
Soimtoll(skri(ch), V. t. & i. [Cf. OD. kratsen to scrape.]
1. To rub umI tear or mark the sibf ace of ; to scrape or
>*Oima slightly by drawing something pointed or rough
acroaa. 2. To write or draw hastily or awkwardly.
3. To cancel by lines through ; to erase ; to efface.
4. To dig with the claws. 6. To score accidentally at
billiards. — fi. 1. A break in the surface of a thing
made by scratching ; slight wound, mark, or incision.
2. line across the prLse ring, to whicii boxen are brought
when they johi fight ; test or proof of courage. [Cnni]
3. pi* lunute, mit tender, excoriations, covered with
•cabs, upon horses* heels. 4. A wig covering part of the
head. 6. A shot at billiards which scores by chance. ^
a. Happening by chance ; haphazard. [Siangl
Boimwl (skrijl), r. t. & i. [Prob. corrup. f r. ^scrabble.'i
To draw or mark awkwardly ; to write carelessly ;
to scribble. — n. Inelegant writing. — Seiawl'er, n.
SoniW^ (skrft'n^), a. Meager ; thin ; bony.
Soraok (akrek), r. i, [Cf. Ic^l. ukrtrkjn to screeoli.]
To ntter aaddenly a sharp, shrill sound ; to creak.— n.
A creaking : screech ; shriek.
Boraaili (skrSm^, v. i. [Icel. jjbrasma to scare.] To cry
oat with a shrill voice ; to shriek ; to screech.— n. Sharp,
shrill cry, uttered in terror or in pain ; shriek ; screech.
SoroOOh (skrScli), V. i. [OE. gchriken, of Scand. ori-
gin.] To utter a harsh, shrill cry ; to make a sharp out-
cry, as in terror or acute pain. — n. A shriek ; scream.
Baeseh owL (a) A small American owl, either gray or
reddish in e<Aor. (b) Tlie European bam owl.
Ooioed (skrSd), n. [Pror. E., shred, border of a cap.^
Oauge for the thickness of phuter on a waU.
Bcrood, n. [Cf. Gael, sgread outcry.] 1. Breach or
rent. 2. Harangue; long tirade on any subject.
Boroon (skrSn), n. [OE. seren, OF. eseran,'] 1. Any-
thing that cuts off inconvenience or danger ; that which
shelters from view ; sliield. 2. Coarse riddle or sieve,
to separate coarser from finer parts, aa of coal, sand,
gravel, etc. — t'. /. 1. To proride with
a shelter or means of concealment ; to
protect. 2. To pass (coal, gravel, ashes,
etc.) tlirough a screen ; to sift.
Borew (skru), «. [OE. jfcrue, OF. «*-
crotte^ L. wrobis ditch.] 1. A cylin-
der, or cylindrical hole, grooved spiral-
ly, to produce motion or pressure wlien
turned. 2. A kind of nail with a spiral
thread to hold objects firmly together.
3. A form of wheel for propelling steam
vessels ; screw propeller. 4. A steam
vessel propelled by a screw instead of screw, a £xtenisl
wlieels ; screw steamer ; propeller, o. or Male Screw ;
An extortioner ; sharp bargainer ; nig- b Internal or Fe-
gard. 6. An unsound or worn-out horse. S'g^SJJJ^''****^"
EndlsM, or Perpetaal, scrsw, a screw
used to give motion to a toothed wheel by the action of its
threads oetween the teeth of the wheel: — called also a
irotyn. — Scrsw propeller, a screw or spinu bladed wheel,
used to propel steam vessels ; also, a vessel propelled by
a screw. — wood scrsw, a metal screw with a sharp thread
of coarse pitch, adapted to holding fast in wood.
— r. /. 1. To turn, as a screw ; to press, fasten, or make
firm, by screws. 2. To force ; to squeeze. 3. To prac-
tice extortion upon. 4. To twist ; to distort. — r. i. 1.
To be exacting. 2. To twist one^s self uneasily about.
Bonw'-dmrer (-d riv'^r^, n. A tool for turning screws
so as to drive them into their place.
BorlVblO (skrlb'bn), r. t. [Fr. scribe.} 1. To write
carelessly. 2. Tofill with worthless writing. —r. f. To
scrawl. — M. Hasty writing ; scrawl. — Boilblllor, n.
Bcrlbe (skrib), n. [L. scriba^ fr. serHtere to write.]
1. One who writes ; draughtsman ; writer for anotlier ;
secretary ; notary ; copyist. 2. A writer and doctor of
the Jewisli law ; one who read and explained the law to
the people. —V. t. To mark or fit (one edge of a board,
etc.) to another edge or to a somewhat irregular surface.
Bortrn'maro (skrTm'mtj ; 2), n. [Corrup. of skirmish.]
Formerly, a skirmish ; now, a row or confused fight.
Boilmp (skrTmp), r. /. [Cf . Dan. skrumpe."} To make
too small ; to scant. — n. Short ; scanty.
Boite (skrTp), n. [OE. scrippty prob. of Scand. origin.]
Snudlbag; wallet; satchel. tArchaie'\
Bcrlp, n. [From script.] 1. A small writing, certifi-
cate, or schedule. 2. Certificate of a subscription to the
capital of a bank, railroad, or other joint property.
Borlpt (skrTpt), n. [L. senptum something written,
fr. seribere^ ecriptnm^ to write. J 1. Type made in imi-
tation of handwriting. 2. An original legal instrument
or document. 3. Written characten ; style of writing.
Borlptlir-al (skrTp'tdr-/rl ; 40), a. Contained in, or
according to, the S::ripture8 ; biblical.
Bcrip'tlire (-ttlr ; 40), n. [L. scriptura^ fr. scn'brre.']
1. Anything written ; document ; inscription. 2. Tlie
books of the Old and the New Testament, or of either
of them ; the Bible. 3. A passage from the Bible : text.
BcrlVO'ner (»krTv'n5r or skrTv''n-5r), n. [OF. es-
crivnin, LL. saibnuus, fr. L. scribf're.} A professional
writer ; one who draws contracts or other writings.
Scrofll-la (8kr5f'tt-14), n. [L. scroftdaey fr. scro/a a
breeding sow, swine being considered subject to the
complaint.] A constitutional disease, generelly heredl-
fCm, recent, drb, r^de, fyU, Am, food, f<^t, out, oil, cliair, p>, cins, Igk, then, thin.
SCROFULOUS
502
SEA
tary, ot the lymphatic glands, esp. of the neck ; king's
eriL—BGrafa-lOllB (skrSf'A-l&s), a.
Scroll (akrSI), n. [OF. eseroe entry in the jail book,
LL. teroa ecroll.] 1. Roll of paper or parobmeut; UaI.
8. Undulated architectural ornament.
It Soroanm (skrS'tam), ». [L.] Bag containing the
testicles. — SonKUl* a.
Sornb (skrfib), V. t. & i. [OE. serobben ; prob. fr. D. or
Bcand.] To rub hard, as to clean ; to scour. — n. 1. One
who labors hard and lives meanly. 2. A worn-out brush.
3. A thicket or Jungle. 4. One of the common live stock
of a region, of no particular breed. [ U. <S.] — a. Mean ;
•crabby. — SornVbed, Scnib^y, a. [the neck. I
8onift(8krai),n. [Gf. D. «cAo// shoulder.] Nape of)
Sonuuai (skriinch^, v. t. & i. To crunch.
Sorn'ple (skrn'p'l), n. [L. scrupttlm small pointed
stone, the l-24th of an ounce, doubt, dim. of scrupus sharp
stone, anxiety.] 1. A weight of 20 erains ; tlie third of a
dram. 2, Very small quantity. 3. Hesitation to act;
conscientious doubt. — v. i. To fear to act, from con-
siderations of conscience or expedience. — Etom'plcr, n.
Sorn'pa-lOlia (-ptt-lfis), a. i. Full of scruples ; nicely
doubtful. 2. Careful; exact. — Scm'pil-loiUI-lyT <tdr.
— Sorn'pa-loiui-nMs, Sorn'pii-lM'i-ty (-iw\-tf), n.
Syn. — Cautious; careful; conscientious; hesiteting.
Soni'tl-lllM (-tT-nlz), V. t. & i. To examine with scru-
tinv or critical attention ; to regard narrowly.
BOmtl-liy (-ny), n. [L. scruiiniuni, fr. scnttnri to
aearcb carefully, fr. xcruta trash ; of. AS. scnidnian to
make scruthiy. j Close examhiation ; minute inspection.
Solid (skQd), r. i. [Dan. skyde to slioot, push, akiu
to B. shoot,'} 1. To move swiftly. 2. To be driven swift-
ly before a gale, with little sail spread. — n. 1. A driv-
ins along. 2. Loose, vapory clouds driven by the wind.
Soof'fio (skOf 'f '1), V. i. [Cf . Sw. sktiffa to push, and E.
thujffle, shore.! 1. To struggle with a close grapple ; to
wrestle. 2. To strive tumultuously or at haphazard. —
n. A rough struggle at close quarters. — Scuf'iler, n.
Soolk (skOlk), v. t. To skulk.
Sonll (skai), n. (a) A boat. (6) A short oar. — v. t.
& i. To impel (a boat) with a pair of sculls, or with a
single oar worked over the stern. — ScoU'er, n.
Sooiaor-y (-ler-y), n. [Prob. fr. OE. swiien to wash,
AS. swilian.'l Place where dishes and culinary 'utensils
are cleaned and kept ; back kitchen.
Soullion (-y&ii), n. a scalliou, small onion.
Sonlllon, n. [OF. escouUlon dishclout] Kitchen ser-
rant. [salt-water fish. I
Sonl'phl (-pTn), n. [Written also skulpin.} A spiny |
Sonlp'tor (skfilp'tSr), n. [L., fr. scittpere, satlptum,
to carve.] One who carves or designs statues, or works
of sculpture. — Soulp'troflS, n. /.
Soalp^tim (-tdr : 40), n. [L. sculpttira.} 1. Art of
carving wood, stone, metal, etc., into statues, ornaments,
etc. 2. Carved work In wood, stone, metal, etc. ^ v. t.
To form with the chisel on, In, or from, wood, stone, or
metal : to carve ; to engrave. — Soulp'tlir-Al, a. i
Soiim(skQin), n. [OlScand. origin ; cf . G. whaum.'} 1.
Impurities rising to tiie surface of liquids in boiling, fer- 1
mentation, etc. ; scoria of molten met^ils ; dross. 2. Ref-
use ; anything vile or worthless. — v. /. To take the scum |
from : to skim. — r. i. To form a scum.
Soup (skfip), w. [Coutr. fr. Amer. Indian mishcup.'\
A food Ash, of the Atlantic coa»t of the United States. :
Soov'Jmr, n. [OF. escopir to spit.] Opening in a '
•hip's bulwarks, to carry off water falling on deck.
Bcvpper nail, nail with a very broad head, for securing \
hoee to the scupoer.
Sonplier-nong (-nSng), n. [Prob. of Amer. Ind. ori-
gin.] American grape of tlie Southern Atlantic States.
Somf (skOrf), n. [AS.] 1. Thin dry scales or scabs
upon the body : dandruff. 2. Foul remains of anything
aaherent. 3. Minute membranous scales on the surface
of leaves. — Oonrf'y (-y), a. — Scnrn-ness, n.
Sonrllle (skfir^rll), a. [L. scurrilis, fr. sevrra a bof.
fuun.] Such as befits a buttoou ; grossly opprobrious or
lewdly jocose ; scurrilous. — Soor-rill-tT (-rTlT-ty), n,
Syn. — Abuse ; insolence ; vulgarity ; indeoeDcy.
SOQr'Ml-OlU (-ii«), a. 1. Using the low and indecent
language of the meaner people. 2. Obscenely jocular.
— Sciir'lll-oiis-ly, adv. — SonrtU-ons-iiess, n.
Hyn. — Opprobri:>us ; abusive; insolent: dffensiTe;
gross : vile ; foul-mouthed ; indecent ; scurrtle.
Sonrty (-ry ), v. i. To hasten away or along ; to move
rapidly.— n. Hiuried movement.
Soin^vy (skflr'vy), a. [Fr. *ctt»/.] 1. Covered or
affected with sctirf or scabs ; scabby ; scurfy ; diaeaaed
with scurvy. 2. Vile; mean; contemptible. — n. A
disease characterixed by livid spots and Ueeding from
the mucous membranes. It is caused by confinement,
innutritiouB food, and hard labor, but eep. by lark of fresh
vegetable food. — Soni^-ly, adv. — SOVr^-lIMB, n.
Scurvy frass, a cress growing along the aeacoaat of
arctic recnons. used as a remedy for the scurry.
Sent (akfit), n. [Cf. Icel. skoU fox's tail.] Short tail
of a hare, deer, etc., esp. when carried erect.
Son'Ute (sku'ttt), a. [L. scutattis
armed with a shield, fr. scutum shield.]
1. Buckler-shaped ; round. 2. ProtecteU
by horny plates, or large scales.
Scntdl (skficli), V. t. [See Scotch to
cut sliglitly.] 1. To separate woody fiber
from (flax, hemp, etc.) by beatu^; to
swingle. 2. To loosen and dress the fiber Scutate Leaf,
of (cotton or silk) by beating; to free
(fibrous substances^ from dust by baiting and blowing:
ScatOll'aoil (-iiu), n. l. An escutcheon ; emblanmed
shield. 2. Shield around a keyhole, etc.
Scntel-Ute (sku'tei-lit), ) a. [L. scuUUa a dish, ssl-
Scn'tel-U'ted C-li^tSd), f ver.] Formed like a plate
or salver ; composed of platelike surfaces.
Scutl-lonil (-tT-fdrm), a. [L. scutum shield -f- 'form,}
Shield-shaped ; scutate.
Scnftte (skfitni), »i. [as. scuta dish, platter.] 1.
Broad, shallow basket. 2. Coal hod.
Soottle, r. i. [For scttddle^ ft. scud.'] To ran hur-
riedly ; to bustle. — n. A quick pace ; short ran.
ScnrUe, n. [of. escovtUU.} 1. A smaU opening
with a lid ; hatchway in a ship's deck ; hole in the sMe or
bottom of a ship ; opening in the roof of a house, with a
lid. 2. Lid or door closing an opening in a roof , wall, etc.
— r. /. 1. To cut holes through Um bottom, deck, or
sides of (a ship). 2. To sink (a ship) by making holes
through the bottom.
II Scntum (sku'ttim), n. [L.] 1. An oblong shieM
carried by the heavy-armed Roman infantry. 2. The
second and largest of the four parts forming the ui^ier
surface of a thoracic segment of an insect.
Soym'e-tar (sTm't-ter), n. Scimiter.
Soytlie (edtfa), n. [AS. «i^<>, sigSe.} An instrament
for mowing grass, grain, etc., by luind.
Scythl-an (sTtliT-an), a. Pert, to Scythia (uortbem
part of Asia, and Europe adjoining to Asia), or its lan-
guage or inhabitants. — n. 1. An inhabitant of Scythia.
2. Language of the Scythians.
Sb]1 («£>,!». [AS. jtf,] 1. I/aTgo body of sAlt *»ter,
leK- WtAU Lui o>.t-jiiir 2- Tliu OL'f^aiL. 3. Swll ol tJie
oc^itiL iiT nthor lAittrr in a hl|cli wipi] ; wsvc^; yijow,
3u faTiii)clii Im^nkine or OTarfiaw of a tistiM by the sea.---
8«& cAptAiii,i'iiiEaiiiu;in]ii3rof aTc^aseL aailiuK i>ii t Ld scnl — Wcm
chart. I -bait ar innp aJiowhiLD: tlte shores^ i#{'Uj.k.fft. bMrbotr.
all ";-. Kfe. Sea dad. (^i Ti)^ dnffij^b. l&i Thi* (^iriimi.iti
se I A ><.k]t. 4ir (111 B^\m, [(Woiy.] - Ss» elifpJ|s».t, i
vei I >i\;^ Ai't LHtu' He^l^ hunted for Its oil. - fies ii^L
eii'i' •■■ ni-'iit ht-ti^i'Mii *hips at si-a ; niml ifcclkm. - I«^
foim. ■ Ko.Mu Hti HtH iwater 4/>i (HpenHUaiitii.— Hss ft»rl.
air^ i.ir.l .ai* unk, j;iiiJ;^ iJ**l;ff*J, etc-i whh'h rn^rinpnta (!►*'
seA , >A\ ftUi'\\ hirifn i^ofh^rtivfily. — isit ifs«B, (^ttwh rokit
of •r^^*^^■ wut^r. - K#s fillip J<>ny ^ulJ living on tJii« nMu^mMt^
S«a hof. tilt" p'lTpfTpib*^. - B*s bofv*. im The walrus, ihy A
ft, «, f , S, ft, long ;&,«,!, 6, il, % short ; senllte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cAro, ftrm, Ask, nU, flaoL
SEABOARD
503
SECLUDE
llah of tiM hippocampaa kind. — 8«a king, a rfkinR, or
Nona pbate cMef . — 8m 1«t«1, the level of the surface of
the ae*; land on the aame level with the sea. — 8«a Uoa. a
large teal of the Piicific Ocean. - 8m maw, 8m bmw, a gull.
— 8m nettla. a jellyfish, or medusa.— 8m ottor, largo canii-
Tore of the North Pacific, allied to tlie connuou otter, and
valuable for its fur. — 8m risk, risk of injury, destru-^ion,
or loaa4>7 the sea. — 8m room, spice at sea for a vessel to
maneuver, drive, or scud, without danger of pounding.
— lea ssrpMi, a sea snake ; l^rge nutnue animal of un-
known nature, often reputed to have been seen, but never
captured. — 8m term, term used by seamen or peculiar to
navigation: nautical phrase. —8m tvUs, Urge turtle of
several species (green turtle, loggerliead, leather-back,
etc) having paddles, instead of feet, and inhabitmg warm
•eaa. — 8m wall, embankment to keep back the sea.
SMOMMld' (sS'bQrdO L««a -f board, F. hbrd side],
Bja'OOMt' (-kSdt^), n. Seashore ; land adjacent to the
ocean, —a. Bordering upon, or near, the sea ; seaside.
Sm'— bom' (-bOru^, a. 1. Bom of the sea ; produced
hy t^f- ^ .V 3. B im at MRS. [ - Sai^llT^;. a^ I
' ScA'lMt er ('l£r Sr)t m [St^ f /«rr.] M-iHut^r ; *ni t. |
SOA'gOUlg (e^'TDBJ^ -1. Guillg' upon ttif* *^, •'i\K
■ailiui? lEpon tlie Jeepi*^ ; — iUfltinff. fr. r^txiitifffw fir^r.
B^H'-gnoa' {-j^T^H*}, (I. 0( a. btulnli gmeu i^jlt^r^ like
■Cr4» Mi\>ti^r mi soiiu<liiij;Ht
8*ai (*il)t ft. [AS. Kr^ift,] An (vt'iAti-^ t^niU-trous
mniriiiisl], [r<?iiufltithi^ ««4COflj-r!i, m tliL* liiuhi'i |atiiinl»*sof
both hetTji«pb«tv», jMid ^lUutcMl loir ite iiklu, Iu.r, uthl tjil-
SOft'^ort' (sS'pSrtOt n. Port on the seashore, or ac-
cessible for seagoing vessels. Also used adjectively.
Sear, Sero (sSr), a. [as. st&rum to wither.] Dry;
'.— r. /. 1. To wither; to dry up. 2. To bum
withered. •
Common Sesl (Pkoea vitmlmay.
i, fft. [OE. A OF. seel, fr. L. si^llnm little image,
nal, dim. of aignum mark, sign, image.] 1. Stamp for
miking an impression in a soft substance. 2. Wax or
other tenacious substance, set to an instrument, and
stamped with a seal. 3. That which confirms, r.«tiHe«,
or authenticates ; assurance. 4. Devioe to prevent eM-
tranoe of gas or air into a pipe ; draintrap. — r. t. 1. T >
aiBx a seal to; to authenticate ; -to ratify. 2. To mark
with a stamp, as evidence of standard ex'i(*tii(>m, legal
sixe, etc. 3. To fasten with a seal, or adhesive sub-
stance. 4. To make fast ; to keep secure or secret.
SoaI'OT, ft. One who seals ; ofB(*er wliova duty is to
seal instruments, stamp weights and measnres. etc.
SOAl'OTt n. Mariner or vessel engaK<Ml in hunting seals.
SOAllnk wax' (saTng wSk»0> Compound of resin-
ous materlala, used to seal letters, documents, etc.
flitm (sSm), n. [AS. te&m ; akin to E. new to fasten
with thread.1 1. Fold formed by sewing together pieces
of cloth or leather. 2. Joint ; suture : line of union.
3. Thin laver ; narrow vein between two thicker strata.
4. Line left by a cut or wound ; scar; cicatrix. ^ r. /. 1.
To form a seam upon or of ; to joiu by sewing together ;
to unite. 2. Tolhie; to scar.
Sealnail (sS'man), n. A mariner; sailor; — opp. to
landman, or landsman.
3M^ta-«]llp, n. Art or skill in working a ship.
SealDUk' (-m&rk'), n. Elevated object on land serv-
ing to guide mariners ; beacon.
BOamlOM (sSmHSft), a. Without a seam.
fllMim*gtrmH (-strSs), n. [AS. x^&mrxfre.] Woman
whose occupation is newing ; nee«11<>woinaii.
flMnil*r (-f\ a. H iving, rontainiuK, or allowing seams.
||8i'anoe'(st'XNs'), n. [P., fr. L. nedere to sit.] A
aession; meeting of spiritualists to receive spirit com-
mnnicationa, ao called.
(the surface oH ; to cauterize ; to make call >U8.
Soar, n. {Jf. serve a grasp.] C^itch in a gunlock by
which the hammer is held cocked or half cocked.
Soanh (aSrch), r. /. [OF. cerehier, L. circare to go
about, fr. circum around.] 1. To look over or through,
in order to find something ; to explore. 2. To inquire
after ; to seek. 3. To probe. 4. To try ; to put to the
test. — r. i. To make inquiry or examination ; to hunt.
— n.\ seeking for something ; inquiry. — BaaiclL'or, n.
8«arch warrant, legal warrant authoruing a search of a
bouse, etc., for goods stolen or concealed.
Syn. — Scrutiny ; investigation ; quest ; pursuit.
Saaroll'a-ble, a. Capable of beUig searched.
Saar'olOtll' (berOdSth'), n. Cerecloth, [inseuaibility. I
Saar'ad-neaa ( -M-n6s), n. A being seared or callous ; |
Bea'ataore' (sS'shSr'), n. Coast of the aea ; land ad-
jacent to tlie ocean.
Bea'alok' (-sTkO, a. Affected with aeaaicknesa.
Saa'alok'noaat n. Nausea and prostration caused by
motion of a vessel. [shore. Also used adjectively. I
Soa'lrida^ (-^d'), n. Land bordering on the sea ; sea- 1
Soa'aoa (sS^s^u), n. [F. saison, prop., sowing time, fr.
L. saiio a plautiuK, 'r. severe, satum, to sow, pl^uit ; akin
to £. 40tr.] 1. One of the divisions of the year (spring,
summer, autumn, winter). 2. Period of time ; convenient
time; proper conjuncture. 3. A while; time. — r. /.
1. To render suiuble ; to prepare ; to fit. 2. To fit for
' any use ; to accustom ; to mature. 3. To prepare by
! drying or hardening. 4. To render palatable ; to give
zest or relish to ; to spice. 6. To qualify by admixture ;
to moderate ; to temper. 6. To imbue ; to tinge or taint.
— V. t. 1. To become mature ; to grow fit for use ; to be-
come adapted to a climate. 2. To become dry and hard.
Bea'aon-a-Mo (-&-bU), a. Occurrhig hi good season,
or in proper time for tlie purpose ; opportune ; timely.
— 8ea'8oii-a-ia0-ii«w, n. — Sea'aon-a-bly, adr.
Bea'aoo-lllV, n. 1. Act or process by which anything
is 8easoned.^2. Something added to food, to give it a
higher relish ; condiment.
Seat (set), n. [Icel. sspti ; akin to AS. $et, and E. «t7.1
1. Place or thing upon which one sits. 2. Place occupied
by anything ; site ; abode ; station ; situation. 3. A sit*
ting ; right to sit ; regular or appropriate place of sitting.
4. Posture, or way of sitting, on horseback. — v. /. 1.
To place on a seat ; to cause to sit down. 2. To cause to
occupy a post, site, situation, etc. : to establish ; to fix.
3. To assign a seat to ; to give a sitting to. 4. To fix ;
to fet firm. 5. To put a seat or bottom in (a chair, etc.).
Saa^azd (^e'wSrd),a. & ndr. Near,or toward, the sea.
Bea'weed' (-wgdO, n. Plant growing in the sea.
Saa^ortiiy (-wilr'thy), a. Fit for a voyage, or to
transport a cargo safely. — Saa'WOT'tlll-IltBa, n.
8e-WoeOIUl(-ba'shQs), a. [NL. sebnceiis, fr. L. sebum
grease.] Pert, to, or secreting, fat ; resembling fat.
So'oailt (-kSnt), a. [L. secnns, -cantis, p. pr. of sernre
to cut.] Cutting; dividing into two parts. — n. 1. Line
cutting another ; straight line cutting a curve in two or
more points. 2. In trigonometry, a right line drawn
from the center of a circle through one end of a circular
arc, and terminated by a tangent drawn from the other
en<l ; ratio of this line to the radius of the circle.
Se-cede' (8#-s5d'), r. i. [L. secedert, -cessitm ; pref .
se- a»ide -)- cedere to eo.] To withdraw from fellowship
or association ; to retire ; to withdraw from a politicid
or religious body. — 8o-C«d'or, n.
Se-oea'aioil (-Be»h'&n), n. A seceding; separation
from others ; withdrawal. — So OOa'aiOH-lBt, n.
(teok'el (s6k"l), n. Small, sw^et. juicv pear, which
originated on a farm nwned by a Mr. SerM.
Se-olnde' (s^-klud'), v. t. [L. sechuleve, -clusum;
fSm, rectfnt, 6rb, r\}de, full. Am, food, fcTot, out, oil, chair, ^, sins, iQk, tfien, tl|Ixt,
SECLUSION
504
SEDATENESS
praf. M* ulde + dnndere to shut.] To dint up apart
from others ; to withdraw into solitude. [Mcluded. I
B^<iiVftAmk (ftt-klu'chlin), fi. A secluding, or being!
Byn. — Retirement ; privacy. Sec Solitudb.
BM/ond (sSk'Ond), a. [K., fr. L. seeumius second,
prop., following, fr. trqui to follow.] 1. lutuiediately
following the Brst : occurring again ; another ; other.
8. Next to the first in value, power, dignity, or rank ;
secondary ; subordinate ; inferior. 3. Another, like a
prototype. ^n. 1. One that follows, or comes after;
one next and inferior in place, time, rank, etc 8. One
who attends another for his support and aid ; a backer ;
assistant ; aid in a duel. 3. Merohandise of a grade in-
ferior to the best ; coarse flour. 4. The l-€Oth of a min-
ute of time or of space ; second subdivision of the hour
or degree. 6. In duodecimal mensuration, the l-12th of
an inch or prime ; a line. ■ 6. (a) Interval between any
musical tone and the tone represented on the degree of
the staff next above it (6) The second part in a con-
oerted piece ; alto. — r. /. 1. To follow or attend in
order to assist ; to back ; to act as the second of ; to en-
courage. 2. To support (a motion or proposal) by add-
ing one's voice to that of the proposer.
Isooad hand, hand marking seconds on a watch.
8M'0ad-a-nr (-t-rj^), n. l. Succeeding next in order
to the first ; of second place, origin, rank, etc. ; not pri-
mary ; subordinate. 2. Acting by delegated authority.
3. Dependent upon something else.— n. 1. One occupy-
ing a subordinate place ; deputy. 2. Satellite of a plsnet.
3. Quill on a bird^s forearm. — Sao'Olia-a-ll-ly, adv.
Sao'Olia-lUUld' (-hftndO, a. 1. Not original or pri-
mary ; received from another. 2. Not new ; already used.
SiCond-ly* adv. In the second place.
Bco^ond-fatf (-rif)* a. Of tlie second sise, rank,
quality, or value.
SM'Olld-fllffllf (-sit'), n. Power of discerning things
future or distant, esp. of a disastrous kind.
S^'orat (bS'krfit), a, [F. ; f r. L. secretus, P* J^ ^'
$eeemere to separate.] 1. Hidden ; concealed. 2. In
retirement or secrecy ; secluded.— Se'cra-oy (-krl-s^), n.
Syn. — Concealed ; unseen ; private ; obscure ; recon-
dite ; latent ; covert ; clandestine ; privy. See Hiddbm.
Sd'Ortt, n. 1. Something studiously concealed. 2.
What is unknown ; a mystery. 3. pi. Psrts which mod-
esty requires to be oon'^e-iled ; the genital organs.
iWM-U-ry (i«k'r«-ti-ry), n. [F. serrHaire, LL.
atereiaritu, oAf[.. one intrusted with secret*, fr. L. tecie-
tum a secret.] 1. One employed to write orders, letters,
etc. ; oflScial writer : one who transacts business, for a
public body or an individual. 2. An ofllcer chanred with
managing a department of government. 3. Piece of
furniture, with convenience*! for writing : escritoire.
SM'rt-tll-nr-SlllQ, n. Office of a secretary.
Se-ortte' (f»J-kr»t'), r. t. [L. gecretut separated,
hidden, p. p. of xecerytere.'] 1. To hide. 2. To separate
from the blood and elaborate by secretion.
Syn. — To conceal ; hide. See Coxceal.
Se-cre^on (-krS'shfin), ». 1. A secreting or con-
cealing. 2. Process by which materi.^l is separated from
the blood and elaborated into new substances forming
th#» various s«or»»tions (saliva, bile, and other digestive
fluids). 3. Bo^Uv Nuhntance or fluid secreted.
8e-0retlye (krJtTv). n. Tending to secrete, or to
ke<^ secret or rrivnt«>, — SeHiret'lyt-liaSS, n.
Se'cret-ly ('SOcret-I^), adv. in a secret manner.
Sa'orat-neu, n. 1. A being secret or concealed.
2. Secret 5 vene'u* : conoenhnent.
Se-ore'tO-ry (**-kr»'t«-ry or ffkr^ti-ry), n. Secret-
ing: perfonnine, or ror.n^cted with, the office of serration.
Saot (K8kt), n. [Y. 9ecte. L. nrtn. fr. jn'^wi to follow ;
often confuted with L. sfcnre. rrct'im, to cnt.] Those
following a particular leadt-r or authority ; believers in a
^particular crt^A ; party diB.«enting from an established
chnrch ; denomination ; school ; rank ; class ; party.
8M-taM-aa (eSk-ti'rT-an), a. Pert, to a aect, or to
sects ; bigotedly attached to the tenets of a denoniinafinn.
— n. One of a sect. - 8aO-Ul11-«B-laB, n.
Syn. — See Heretic.
Sao'ta-ry (»«k't4-r^), n. A sectarian ; dissenter.
Sao'tlU (-tTI). a. [L. tectili*^ fr. aecare, sec/wm.] C»>
pable of being tut, or severed smoothly by the knUe.
B^t/tkUL, n. 1. A cutting, or separation by cnttinf.
2. A part separated from something ; division ; portion ;
slice, (a) A distinct portion of a book or writing ; para-
graph ; article ; hence, the character $, denoting auch a
division. (6) A distiuct part of a country, oommunitv,
class, etc (c) One of the portions, of one aqoare mile
each, into which the public lands of the United BUtes are
divided; l-36th of a townahip. 3. Geometrical figure
made up of points common to a superficies and a solid
which meet, or to two superficies which —-^^gr^^^'a
meet, or to two lines which meet. 4. f™"™' '^
Representation of anything as it would
appear if cut through by any intersect-
ing plane; profile.
8eo^tiOtt-«l, a. 1. Pert, to a section
or distinct part of a larger body ; local.
2. Consisting of sections, or capable of I
division into sections.
8«0ti0B-al-im (-Ts'm), BtO^tlon- Sections of a CSn-
«11-ty (-UT-ty}, n. Local patriotism, noo^fo Vertisd j
as distinguished from national ;profTin> u^Jj^SiT * *
cialism. [f'. ^.J tionaonisi.)
SodOT (aSk'tSr), n. [L., prop., a cutter, fr.
sectum.'] 1. A pwrt of a circle compre-
hended 1
arc.
plotting, 4
tmeadum \_
Coming once in an age or a centuryT m. ^ t *
Pert, to an age, or the progress of agea, or "
to a long period of time. 3. Pert, to this world, or to
things not spiritual or holy ; worldlv. 4. Not bound by
monastic vows or rules. 6. Belonging to the laity ; lay ;
not clerical. — n. 1. A secular ecclesiastic, or one not
bound by monastic rules. 2. A layman.— SM^lAr4y»
adr.-B^&i^lU'tm^ 8«0'«-lM<1-ty (-llra-ty), n,
860^Itf-tet, fi. One who theoretically rrjecta every
form of religious faith ; one who opposes church inter>
vention in ecfucation, civil affaire, etc.
8C0ll-lAr-ISt, r. t. To convert from rplritoal to ae^
ular or common use. — 8f C^V-Itf-l-ialfcm, n.
Be-onre' (»^-kGtO, a. [L. secnnts; prsf. »e- witboot
-f- tura csre.l 1. Free from fear, care, or anxletv ; con-
fident. 2. Overconfident; careless. 3. Confident in
opinion ; certain ; sure. 4. Not exposed to danger.
Syn. — Safe ; easy ; sure ; oonfldent ; cielees
— r. /. 1. Tomakesafe; to protect. 2. Toputberond
hazard of losing ; to assure ; to insure. 3. To make laat ;
to close or confine effecttially. 4. To get poeseasioo of;
to acquire certainly. — 8e-€1ir'a-blt« «•
Se^ore'ly, odr. in a secure manner ; safely.
8«-0ll11-ty (-ku'rT-ty ), n. [L. tecvrita$.'\ t The be-
ing secure: secureness; assurance; certainty; negli-
gence ; heedlessui»f s. 2. That which secures ; protec-
tion ; defense, (a) Something given or pledged, to make
rerUin the fulfillment of an obligation, performance of a
contract, pajrment of a debt, eto. ; surety. (6) One who
becomes surety for another. 3. An evidence of debt or
of property, as a bond, a certificate of stock, etc.
Syn. -Protection; guard; shelter; safety; eaae;
assurance ; carelessness : surety : pledge : bau.
Sd-dan' (-<^«i»'). »• t^- SMon, a town In France.]
A porUble rhair for carrying a single person.
Se-^te' (-dif), o. f L. m/atv, -datum, to allay, catea.]
ITndisturbed by passion or caprice ; not passionate or
giddy. -Se-dateay.flc/r.-r * * '
5, S, f , », a, long ; li, «, 1, ft, tt, t« ^'^ J ssnflte, «vent, Idea, 6bey, ttnite, cAre, lUm, Ask, ^n, finsL
SEDATIVE
505
SEIZIN
SeA'A-tlv* (■Sd'A-tTv), a. Tending to calm or tnm-
qnUixe ; allaytnff irritation ; aasuagiiig paiu. — n. A
remedy wtiicti aJiavs irritability or pain.
BavMl-tft-ry (-en-tt-rf ), a. [L. tedentaritUj ft. tedere
to dt.] 1. Accustomed to sit mucli or long. 2. Re-
quiring much sitting. 3. Inactive ; motionless. — 8«d'-
tB-tft-rt-ly (sM'Sn-tt-rT-Ij^), adv.
86dg« (a«j), n. [AS. secgA Plant growing in tufU
in marshy places. — 8«dg^ (»ej'S), a.
8«dl-mait (sSdT-mmtJ, n. [L. gedimenium a set-
tling, fr. sedere to sitl Matter which subsides to the
bottom ; leee ; dregs. —^tA'i-mm^UrlJ (-m«u'tt-ry), a.
Be^'tton (**-dl8h'ttn), n. [L. seditio ; pref . «c-, #«/-,
aside + i/io a going, fr. ire, itum, to go.1 The raising of
commotion in a state ; resistance to lawful authority. —
B^^tUms, a. — So-di'tloas-ly, a<fv. — 8e-dl'tloiiJi-
B8«m n. — Bo^ttona-ry, n.
Syn. - Riot ; rebellion ; rerolt. Bee Ihsubbbctiom.
BedOitB (tSii'lTto), a. Seidlitz.
Oe-daiM' (setts'), V. /. [L. seducerti -ductum; pref.
«•- aside + diMW« to lead.] 1. To draw aside from duty ;
to lead astray ; to corrupt. 2. To debauch. — S«^tt'-
o«r, n. — B^-aun^numt, ». -St^n'd-bla (-sT'bU «•
Syn. - To entice ; tempt ; attract ; decoy. See Allubb.
CMnollan (-dlik'shau), n. 1. A seducing ; the in-
ducing a woman to surrender hHr chastity. 2. That
which seduces ; means of leading astray.
Se-dno'ttve (-tTv), a. Tending to lead astray ; apt to
mialead by flattering appearances ; tempting ; alluring.
86d1l-10llS(Bea'tt-ltLs; 40),a. [Usedulus.] DiUgeut
in appUcatiou ; constant and Derseverhig in endeavors
to effect an object. — 8«d'll40ll8-l7, adv. — Sadll-
hmw, Se-flnOl-ty (s^-dulT-ty ), n.
n. — Assiduous ; diligent ; industrl
8yn. — Assiduous ; diligent ; industrious ; laborious ;
muemitting ; untiring ; unwearied ; persevering.
Bm (s8), n. [OE. & OP. se, fr. L. sede* a seat.] 1.
Beat of episcopal power ; diocese ; jurisdiction of a bishop,
archbishop, or pope. 2. The pope or his court at Rome.
Bm, v. t. {imp. Saw {p%) \ p. p. Bum (sin) ; p. pr.
& vb. ». BuDfO. J [AS. se6n ; prob. akin to L. sequi to
follow (and orig. meaning, to follow with the eyes).]
1. To perceive by the eye ; to behold. 8. To perceive
by mental vision ; to observe. 3. To watch ; to loolt
after. 4. To have an interview with ; to visit. 6. To
fall in with; to have knowledge or experience of.
0. To eecort; to wait upon.— r. i. 1. To have or use
the sense of vldon. 8. To perceive ; to understand ; to
disoem. 9. To take care ; to give heed.
Ba«d (aid), n. / pi. Bud or Sbum (sSdz). [AS. sSd,
fr. $awan to sow.] 1. A ripened
ovule, whoae germination pro-
duces a new plant. 8. Genera- f S ^i
tive fluid of the male; se
9. Original; source. 4. V^iV ca-
my; offspring; child
Issd grain, com or grain for seed. ^ ^"?**' section ; ceo-
— Issd ysBBsl. part of a plant con-
taining the seeds; pericarp.
Bead, V. i. 1. To sow seed.
8. To shed seed. 3. To grow to
maturity, and produce seed. —
V. /. To sprinkle with seed ; to sow.
Baadllngt n. Plant reared from the seed, distiug. fr.
one propagated by layers, buds, etc. [in seeds. I
n<IH<1g1iHn (peds'mon), n. 1. A sower. 3. Dealer]
fltlWltlim' (sSd'tiroOi H' Season proper for sowing
BrntLf i'f), a. 1. Abounding with seeds; bearing
seeds; having nm to seeds. 3. Old and worn out;
^ritleaa ; poor and mberable looking ; shabby. [ Colloq. ]
ntTwg (sSTng), eonj. (orig. a pres. participle). In
view ofths fact (that) ; considering ; since ; because.
8«ek ('Sk), V. t. [imp. & p. p. SonoHT (sftt) ; p. pr.
tvledons, and ca Cau-
licle (theae two cummU-
tuting the Einbrvo) ; e
Albumen ; h Hiluni x
r Kidge formed by teed
•Ulk.
& vb. n. Bnuiro.] [AS. Ucan.'\ 1. To go in naroh of ;
to try to find. 8. To inquire for; to solicit ; to beeeech.
3. To try to gain ; to aim at. 4. To try to reach ; to
go to. — V. t. To make search or inquiry. — Btak'tr, n.
Baem (aSm), v. t. [AS. 9eman to satisfy, pacify.]
To appear ; to look ; to be taken as. — Soom'er, n.
Syn. — To Sebm ; Appbar ; look. — To appear has ntvt-
ence to a thing's beuig prt- sented to our view ; to teem is
connected with the idea o^ semblance, and imphes an in-
ference as to the probability of a thing's being so.
SeemlllC, a. Having a semblance ; apparent ; spe-
cious. — n. Appearance ; show. — Owiming-ly, adv.
noomly (-ly )« a* [Icel. Mtemiliffr, fr. tmmr becoming,
fit ; akin to aamr same, £. same.'\ Suited to the object,
occasion, purpose, or character. — adv. In a decent or
suitable manner ; becomingly. — Soomli-IIMWi n.
Syn. — Becoming ; fit ; suitable ; proper ; appropriate.
Been (e^ii), p. p. of Bbe.
Bo'mr (fcS^r), n. One who sees.
Bmt (ser), n. One who foresees OTents ; a prophet.
Boei'Bllck'er (-sfik'Sr), n. A light fabric of siUc and
linen, having a craped or puckered surface.
Bee'iaw' (el^BW), n. [Prob. reduplic. of «atr.] 1. A
play among children in which they move altomatelv up
and down on opposito ends of a balanced board. 8. A
vibratory or reciprocating motion, —r. t. & t. To move
backward and forward, or upward and downward. — a.
Having a reciprocating motion.
SeetlM (s^tfa), V. /. \imp. Bbbthkd (sStbd) (Bod
(sM), obs.)\ p. p. Bkbthbd, SoDDBir (sBd'd'n); ». pr.
& vb. n. SuTHiNO.] [AS. sedSan.'] To decoct In hot
liquid ; to boil. — v. i. To boil.
Bac'liiant (efig^neut), n. [L. segmenlum, fr. seeare to
cut.] 1. One of the parts into which anv body lutturally
separates; part cut off; section; portion. 8. A part
cut off from a figure by a Une or pUne;
part of a circle contained between a chord '
and an arc of that circle, or so much of the
circle as is cut off by the chord; as, the
segment acb in the illustration.
Berre-gal» (-r$-gtt), «. [h.»egregore, . ^^ ,
-gntnm, to separate ; pref. se- aside + grex, *^?,^!I.u
<7rf^i*, flock.] Separate; select. — r./. To o''^*"**-
separate fPotu otl^nfp ; to ftet ajiart. — Sog^re-gl^tiOlit m >
S«lllltS {^'I'ltt^), d^ Pt^rt. to St'iLllLtf , El vilLgu In
Bf » 1 K' I H I . I . t W r i tC^ii also Sniiif^ . ]
bif n liriiKiti* M\A Koclifll^a suit itrvrtrat^ t>f jMit^ngfiiin JimJ
soikiiihi ', ftji-1 one nt tirtari*; Hci<!. whiclii i^&Kjytm*^ wln*ii
mill 1 iu waiter, ojid \iw\n n n>i)U f^Hthattiic.
_ \u I'lrr. u> tIjp lonl of pl m^nor ; ituiuoTial. 8- Vestsd
Willi j.ui;*' powi'i-K* 1ridcp*rtrleut.
Selgn'for Is5ii'>?f l, h. [OF. nfifftiory Sp. sefkm^ f r. L.
Kmui eltler.] 1. A lord ; lurd of h uuuior. 8. A title of
address in Southern Europe, corresponding to iStr or Mr.
Orand Balgiiior, the sultan of Turkey.
BaifBlor-age (-tj : 2), n. 1. Something taken by
virtue of sovereign prerogative ; toll upon bullion brought
to a mint to be coined. 8. A share of the reoeipte of a
business in return for the use of a copyright or patent.
Belffn'ior-y, n. [OE. & OF. seignorie.^ 1. Power or
authority of a lord ; dominion. 8. Territory or jurisdic-
tion of a lord ; manor. [fishing net.!
B«ine (sSn or sin), n. [P., fr. L. sngena.'\ A large |
Beig'miO (sis'raTk), ) a. [Or. o^cur^^ earthquake, fr.
Bds'Ilial (sis'mal), ] vmw to shake.] Pert, to, ot
caused by, an earthquake.
Balae (sSz), v. t. [OF. seisir, akin to E. tet."] 1. To
fall or rush upon suddenly and lay hold of ; to grasp.
8. To invade suddenly. 3. To take poaaearion of by
legal authority. — BtiMfn, n. — Bds'a-Ue, a,
Beilill (sS'zTn), n. [F. saisinej 1. Possession ; poa-
session of an estate of freehold. 8. Thing possessed.
S^~ Ccromonly spelt by writers on law seisin.
t^rUf recent, Orb, r^|de, fyll, flmi food, ftfbt, out, oil, chair, go, sing, igk, then, thin.
SEIZOR
606
SEMIWEEKLY
r (iS'iSr), n. One who aeisaB, or takes posaetalon.
Stlfnira (-chttr ; 4U), n. 1. A selling, or being aeixed ;
muiUeu and violent grasp. 2. Hold ; ownership. 3.
That which is seised : thing laid hold of, or possessed.
S«lah(sSaA),». [Heb.] A word occurring frequently
in the Psalnis, and supposed to siguify a pause iu the
musical performance of the song.
Sal'domi (s61'd&u)), adv. [AS. seldan^ fi. seld rare.]
BarelT ; not often ; nut frequently.
Se-MOt' (st-:8ktO, <z. [L- teligere^ -lectum, to select ;
pref. <e- aside -\- teaere to gather.] Taken from a num-
ber as more valuable than others ; of special excellence :
choice. — r. /. Tu take by preference from among oth-
ers : to cuU. — 8e-l6Cf new, ». — Se-leoTor (-Sr), n.
BMld&tUm (-Ifik'shttu), n. 1. A selecting, or being
•elected. 2. Thing selected ; collection of thmgs chosen.
S6-lMt'illl]l, n. A town officer in New England.
Se-le'iil-iim (-IS'nT-iim), n. [NL., fr. Or. o^eAi^Kiy
moon.] A noumetallio chemical element of the sulphur
group, used iu certain electric apparatus.
M^BOrnt-^y (sSl't.nSg'r&.fy), n,
[Or. o-eAifio} -f-
MlfHMtk'OT (sOf'sik'Sr), N. One who aMks <m]y
his own interest or pleaaure. — fHlf* ■iH^fnr a. An,
8«lf Hraf-ffolMlt (-sOf-nsh'ent), a. 1. 8u8ld«nt far
one's self witlHmt external aid. 2. Having ao over-
weening confidence in one's self ; overbearing.
8«lf-wlll'(-wT10,M. [AB.] 0ne'sowuwill,6ap.inop.
position to others ; obstinacy. — Self -WtUtd' (-wlldOta.
Sell (s81), r. /. [imp. & p. p. Sold (s51d) \ p. pr, &
1 6. n. Sbluxo.] [AS. «r/tof».] 1. To transfer to another
for an equivalent. 2. To accept a price for ; to betrav.
3. To impose upon ; to cheat. \,Sumg'\ — e. i. 1. T«
practice selling commodities. 2. Tobes^M. — ». Iu-
positicm ; cheat ; hoax. [Co/Zoo.] — SdU'er, n.
S^l'rafe ) (^Kvej), n. [Set/ + f^gf = ito own edge.]
S^l'TMff* S Edge of cloth so woven as not to ravtf.
8«lTW (mQvz), n., p/. of SCLV.
Sem'a-piUiro ({em'&for), n. [Or. Vina a sign +
^c'pciK to bear.] A signal telegraph ; apparatus A
for signaling by disposition of laiiterna, Amb. oa> '
ciliatiug arms, etc. — 8eill'a-]>horiO {rlw\k\
•jfTopAy.]^ Science of the physical features of the luoon.
8ttf (self), a. [AS.] Same ; identical [Ofr«., except
in se^Mfn^.^ -"n. ; pf. Sblvcs (sSIvz). 1. A person as a
distinct individual. 2. Pergonal interest ; selfibhness.
8«U'Hl4MS0'llient (flSlf'i-bSa'mfut), n. 1. Degrada-
tion of one's self. 2. Humiliation from consciousness of
inferiority or shame.
MU'-aot'lng (-SktTng), a. Acting of or by one's self
or by itself ; — aiid esp. of a machine which does for
itaelf what Ls usually done by human agency ; automatic.
Mlf-OOn-Ottf (-k&n-iiSt'), n. Conceit of one's self ;
undue opinion of one's powers — SoU'-OOll-cetf Cd, a.
8m. — See Egotism.
Adf'-OOn'Mtolll (-kSu'shOs), a. 1. Conscious of one's
acts as originating in one's self. 2. Conscious of being
Obaerved by others.
SdU'-OOn-trOl' (-k5u-tr51')« n. Control of one's self.
MU'-de-fois*', 8«lf '-de-fence' (-dt-ienti'). »• The
defending one's own person, property, or reputAtion.
Mf-de-nl'al (-nl'tfl), n. Denial of one's self; for-
SMn'a->horicHa (-T-kai),
bearing to gratify one's own desires.
-. .i? ,- .- .. ^^^ holding a good
waring tog
8«ir-6s-tetni' (-«s-t2ro0i
<^lnion of one's self.
Self '-«Tl-deilt (-SvT-drat), a. Evident without proof;
manifest upon a tksre presentation to the mind.
8elf-ez-lsf ent (-«gz-TstVnt), a. Existing of or by
himself, independent of any other being or cause.
Self'-gOV'eni-llieat (-gliv'Sm-m^nt), n. 1. A gov-
erning one's self, or being governed by one's self ; self-
control. 2. Oovemment of a community or nation by the
action of the people constituting it ; democracy.
Self -Inter-est (-Tn't2r-«»t ), n. Pri vate interest ; in-
terest or advantage of one's self.
S^lfllll (bflfTsh), a. Caring unduly for one's self ;
regarding one's own comfort, i^ vantage, etc., in disre-
gard of others. — Self 'ish-ly, adv. — Self Ith-nesi, n.
Self— lore' (-lBvO« »• hove of one's self; tendency
to seek one's own ben<»flt or advantage.
Self-made' (-midOi "• Made by one's aelf, or by
one's own talents or energies.
Self H>-pllll0ll (-^-pTi/yttn). n. Hieh opinion of one's
self; self-conceit. Self'-O-plll'iOlied (-yRnd), a.
Self— poe-eee'aion (-pSz-z^oh'&n or -pSs-s?sh'fin), n.
PosBCSsion of on'^'s powers ; calmneM : presence of mmd ;
composure. — Self-poi eeeeetf' (-/J^f or -i-S^t'), «.
Self-reciA-ter-lng (-rSjTs-tSr-Tng), a. Registering
Itself ; — said of an Instrument made to record its own
indications of phenomena.
Self-re-proeoh' (-rt-prS ?hO. n. A reproaching one*s
■elf ; censure by one's own conscience.
Self-rigllt'eoilS (-ri'chOs), a. Righteous in one*s
own esteem ; pharisaic. [very same ; identical. I
{^i\{'t&tn'\ a. Precisely the same; the]
^
I SenyUailce (-blmis), n. [F., fr. semMer to
; seem, L. simulare.} 1. Seeming ; appearance
; form. 2. Likeness ; resemblance ; nmilitude.
II Se'taeil (sS'mSn), n. / pi, Sbmiiia (sSn/.
1 T-nA). [L., fr. root of serert, tatumt to sow.]
1. Seed of plants. 2. Seed or fecundating
fluid of male animals ; sperm. [yearly.!
Seill'i-aa1l11-«l(feem'T-«n'«-al),a. Half.| One form of
Scnil-AIl'll11-al-lT,odr. Every half year. s«n>»Ph«»s.
Scm'i-eil'nil-lAr (-iSr), a. Having the figure of a half
circle ; forming a semicircle.
Seml-breve' (-brSv^), n. Mnaical note of half the
time of the breve ; — now called
a trhoie note. I
Seml-olfole (-fSr^kl), n.
Halfof a circle. — Sem'i-dl'cn- •' s«imb«v^
l«r(-k(l-l8r),o. Semibrevsa.
Seml-OO'lOll (-kS'lSn), n. The punctuation mark [ : ]
indicating a sepuration between parts or members of a
sentence more distinct than that marked by a comma.
Seml-dl-aafe-ter (-dt-Im't-tSr), n. Half of a diam-
eter; radius.
Scm'i-flilld (-floTd), a. Imperfectly fluid. — A. A
semifluid substance. [Shaped like a half moon. I
Scm'Mii'iur (-lu'nSr), Seml-taliAte (-utt), a.\
Sem'i-moiltllly (-mQnthiy), a. Coming or made
twice iu a mouth. — n. Somethhag done every half
month ; a semimonthly periodicaL — adv. At intervals
of half a month.
Seml-ntl (-ii/rl), a. [L. teminalU, fr. 9emem, temi'
nUj seed.] 1. Pert, to, or consisting of, seed or semen.
2. Contahied in seed ; germinal ; radical ; original.
Seml-na-rr (-nt-rj), n. [L. seminanum^ fr. »emi-
nariut belonging to seed, fr. «emm, $emints.'] 1. Grig.,
a place where seed is sown for producing plants for to«na-
plantation ; nursery. 2. Place of education ; acho<rf of
hi^ grade ; academy, college, or univeraitr. [seeds.!
Sem'l-na'tton (-na'shfin), n. Natural dispersion of |
Sem'l-qiU'Ter (-kwi^vSr), n. Musical note half as
long aa a quaver ; — usually called tirtefnth note.
Sem-tfio (-TtTk), a. Pert, to , '
Shem or his descendants, or to the |
division of the Caucasian race indod-
inir Arabs, Jews, and related raoea.
[Written also ShemUie.l
Seml-toae (-T-tSn), n. Half a musical tone.
Seml-TOW'el (-vou^Sl), n. A sound intermediate
between a vowel and a consonant, or partaking of tiie
nature of both, as in the English w and y.
Scm'i-weekly (-wSknj^), a. Condng, or dooe, oooe
every half week. — n. Something done every half week ;
a semi weekly periodicaL — atfv. At intervals of half a
week each.
Stmiqaavcrs.
|L, S, 1, 5, a, long ; ii, «, 1, 5, A, t, short ; senAte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, Quite, cAre, i&rm, Ask, nil, llnaU
SEMPITERNAL
607
SENTIENTLY
BmDfV^^MtmtX (tSm'pT-tSr'uffl), a. [L. sewpitemus,
fr. semper alw^vt.] 1. Of ueTer<«udiug duratiuii ; hav>
ing beginning, but no end. 2. Without beginning or
eira ; etemaL [state of being eempiterual. I
8tlB^t«r'lDl-t7, n. Future duration without end ;|
SiBip'StrMW (Mni[/8trSs), n. Seatnstreaa.
Bmfm-Tf (tXi/k-rf), a. [L. senaritu, fr. geni six each,
fr. rnx six.] Of six ; pert, to, or containing, six.
8«l'aSt (-tt ; 2), n. [L. senattu^ f r. senrz, gen. senis^
dd, or old mm.] Asseiubly Imving tlie higbei»t delibttra-
tive and legislaUre functions ; upper branch of a legisla-
ture in Pnuice, the United State*, etc. ; a state council.
Bm'ft-tor (-4-t2r), n. [L.] Member of a senate. —
8«i'ft-to'!il^ (•tS'rT-iin, a. - 8en'a-to^-«l-ly, adv. —
8«l'A-tor-all^ (sSu'A-ter-shTp), H.
BnA (s8nd), r. /. limp. & p. p. Surr (aSnt) ; p. pr,
Stvb.n. SkhoihoJ [AS. sendtm.] 1. To cause to go ;
to dispatch. 8. To cause to be borne or carried. 3- To
emit ; to impel ; to throir. 4. To bestow ; to ipdict ; to
grant. — v. i. To dispatch an agent or a messenger.
Sa-nes'OOat (et-nSs'sent). a. [L. seneseens^ p. pr. of
seHOteere to grow old.] Growing old ; decaying with the
lapse of time. — Se-DM'MllM, n.
Stn'as-dilAl (ai/i-»ha\;/ormerly .«s-kal), n. [OF. , of
Teutonic origin.] OflBcer in a prince's houM ; steward.
Bt^klUe (sS'uil), a, [L. MenUUy fr. Mr-.ifr, gen. «fnu,
old, or old man.] Pert, to old age ; affected with tlie in-
firmities of old age. — Se-nlll-ty (-nTlT-tj^), n.
EtKkiM (sSn'yer), a. [L. senior^ com par. of stmex.]
1. More advanced ttian anotlier in age ; elder : more ad-
vanced in dignity, rank, or office ; superior. 2. Baloug-
ing to the fmal year of the regular course in American
eoll^ies or profeaiional schools. — n. 1. One older tlian
another. 2. One older in office, or prior in grade. 3.
An aged person ; elder. 4. One in the final year of his
coarse at an American college, professional school, or
aerohiary. — Stniorl-ty (-yor^-ty), m.
SofAa (ift/ni), n. [It. A 8p. sena^ fr. Ar. ttena.']
LeaTds of several legmninous plants of the genus Cassia,
ooostitutinff a Taluable but nauseous catbartie medicine.
Bmftixn (-nYt), n. [Contr. fr. serm night.} Space
of seven nights and days ; a week. [A rc/utic]
1 8e-ior (st-nytr'), n. [8p. Cf. Senior.] A Spanish
title corrMpondinff to Mr. or Sir ; a geutlemsn.
lS6-io'ni(-nyS>ri),n. [8p.] Spanish title of courtesy
given to a lady ; Mrs. ; Madam ; a lady.
V S^'iO-ll'U (-rS^A), n. [8p.] Spanish title of cour-
tesT given to a young lady ; Miss : a young I idy.
MI-MtlOll (sfti-si'shttM), n. [F. sensation.) 1. Per-
oeptioo through the organs of sense. 2. State of ex-
dtod interest or feeling, or that which causes it.
Stn-MtkHI-al M), a. 1. Pert, to sensation. 2. Pert,
to sensationalism, or the doctrine that sensation is the
■ole origin of knowledge. 3. Melodramatic; emotional.
8tll-nH0ll-«l-lrai, n. 1. Doctrine that our ideas
orlffinato solely in sensation ; — opp. to intuitionalism y
and rationalism. 2. Sensational writing or speaking.
BtllM (sins), n. [L. senstts^ it. smtire^ sensnm^ to
perceivef to feel.] 1. Perception by impressions made
npon certain organs (sensory or sense organs) of the body,
or of perceiving changes in the condition of the body ;
as, the senses of sight, smell, hearing, taste, and touch.
2. Sensation ; sensibility ; feeling. 3. Perception through
the intellect ; apprehension ; discernment ; appreciation.
4. Sound perception and reasoning ; correct judgment ;
vnderataading ; rational meaning. 6. That which is felt
or held as a sentiment or opinion ; Judgment ; notion.
•. Meaning; import; signification.
Syn. — Sbhib; Umdbsstandino ; Bmasov. — Senxe is
the mind's acting in direct cognition either of material
objects or of its own mental states. In the first case it is
called the outer, in the second the inner^ sense. Under-
standHtg la the logical faculty, i. e., the power of appre-
** T under general conceptions, or of classifying and
making dedurtions. Reason is the power of ^prehend-
iug those fundamental trutlis which are the conditions of
alTreal knowledge, and which control the mind in all its
proce^«ed of investigation and deduction.
Senseless, a. Destitute of, ur contrary to, sense ;
witliout sensibility or feeling; uncmiscious; stupid; un*
reasonable.— Sense^ess-lT, <i<f r.— Scnse'less-iMss, n.
Sensildl'l-ty (tSa'sT-bflT-ty). n. 1. The being sen-
sible, or capable of sensation ; capacity to feel or per-
ceive. 2. Capacity of emotion or feelUig, as distiug. fr.
the intellect and will ; susceptibility of impression ; deli-
cacy of feeling ; inrmnathy. 3. Experience of sensations ;
actual feeling. 4. Quality which makes an instrument
indicate very slight cuauges of condition ; delicacy.
Syn. — Taste ; susceptibility ; feeling. See Tasts.
Sen'Si-Me (-bU), a. [F., fr. L. sensibilis, fr. sensus.}
X. Capable of being perceived by the senses ; perceptible
to tlie mind ; making an imprewion upon the sense, rea-
son, or understanding. 2. Having the capacity of receiv-
ing impressions from external objects ; impressible. 8.
Ewily affected ; sensitive ; delicate. 4. Cognisant ; sat-
isfied ; persuaded. 6. Possessing sense or reason ; gifted
with good or common sense ; wise. — Ben'sl Mo IlflSg. <
n. — Sen'Sl-blr, adr.
Syn. — Sbnsiblb; Iktklligknt; wise. — We call a man
sensible whoso judgments and conduct are governed by
sound judgment or eood common sense. We call one m-
telligent who is quick and clear in his understanding.
Sen'si-tiTe (-tTv), a. 1. Having sense or feeling ; re-
ceiving impressions from external objects. 2. &viug
quick and acute sensibility ; highly susceptible. 3. Easily
affected. — Sen'si-tlTe-ly, adv. — 8tii'sl-tt¥e-iiess, n.
Sen'si-tlae (-tiz), r. /. To render (photographic
Elates, etc.) sensitive, or susceptible of being acted on
y the actinic rays of the sun.
Sen-sorri-lim (-so'rT-Bm), n. [L., fr. sentire, sensum,
to perceive by the senses.] &&A of sensation ; nervous
center to which iuipresHions must be conveyed before
they can be perceived ; tl»e whole nervous sywcem. —
Sen-SO^-Sl, <i. [sensation. —». Sensorium.l
8en'S0-ry {tSt/^-rf), a. Pert, to the seLsorium or|
8en'SII-Sl (-sli\i-<il ; 42), a. 1. Pert, to, or affecting,
tlie senses ; concerning the body, as disting. fr. the spirit.
2. Carnal ; worldlv. 3. Luxurious ; lewd ; libidinons.
4. Pert, to the philosophical doctrine of scnsmJism. —
Sen'sii-al-ly, adv.
Stn'SQ-Sl-lsm. n. 1. Condition of one who is sen-
sual ; subjection to sensual appetite. 2. Doctrine that
all our ideas not only originate in sensation, but are
transformed sensations, copies or relics of sensations;
sensationalism. 3. The regarding of the gratifloation of
the senses as the highest good. — 8en'S1l-il-lst« u,
Sen'SQ-all-ty (-SlT-tj^), n. The befaig sensoal; in-
dulgence in carnal pleasures ; luxuriousnets; lewdness.
Sen'sa-oas, a. 1. Pert, to the senses, or sensible ob-
jects. 2. Susceptible to influence through the senses.
Sent (s8nt). imp. & p. p. of Skkd.
Sen'tenoe (sSn't^ns). n. [F., fr. L. sententioy for sen-
tienfioy fr. sentire to discern by the senses, to think.]
1. An opinion ; decision ; judgment, esp. of an unfavor-
able nature. 2. Judgment of a court pronounced in a
cause ; condemnation pronounced bv a judicial tribunal ;
doom. 3. Maxim ; axiom ; saw. 4. A combination of
words which is complete as expressing a thought, and in
writing is marked at the close by a period, —v. /. To
pass judgment upon ; to prescribe the punishment of.
Sen-ten'tlal (-t^n'shol), d. l. Comprising sentenoea.
2. Pert, to a fteiitence, or full period.
Sen-tenttons, a. Abounding with sentences, axioms,
and maxims ; full of meaning; terse; pithy*— Ssil-teit'-
ttons-ly, adv. — Sen-tentloiis-iiess, m.
Sen'ti-ent (^Sn'sliT-^nt or -shent), a. [L. sentiens,
-en tig, p. pr. of sentire.} Having faculties of sensation
and perception ; especially sensitive. •»». One who has
the faculty of perception. — 8eo'tl-eilt-ly, adv.
ffm, recent 6rb, r^de, f^^ ttm, food, f<A>t, out, oil, cbair, go, slug, ink, Uien, thin.
SENTIMENT
508
SERE
StB'tl-IIMBt (sSn'tT-mait), n, [OK. & OF. trntemmi,
fr. L. *enti9t.} 1. A thought prompted by paaaioii or
feeling. 8. Opinion ; notion ; judgment. 3. A maxim ;
Mjring ; tonat. 4. Sensibility ; feeling.
Syn. — Sbktiiumt; Opinion; Fbbuno; thought; no-
tion ; aeiuibility. — An opinion is au iutellectual judg-
ment in respect to truth. Fret in g describes atfections of
pleasure and pain from exercise of our emotional powers.
Sentiment lies between them, denoting xettled opinion*
in regard to subjects interestiug the feelings.
Stn'tl-IIIMtlAl (-mBn'tal), a. 1. Inclined to senti-
ment ; affectedly tender. 8. Addressed or pleaaing to the
emotions only. — Sen'tl-mealal-ly, adr.
8enti4BMilil-lrai, Sen'U-iiMii-tall-ty (mSn-tn'.
T-tj^), n. The being sentimental ; character or behavior
of a sentimentalist, or of one haring, or affecting, flue
feeling. — Soi'tl-mealal-lst, n.
Stn^-D^ (-nel), n. [F. tentineUe.} Soldier set to
guard an army, camp, etc., from surprise.
BUktrw (-try), n. [Prob. fr. OF. »enteiet little path.]
1. A soldier on guard ; sentinel. 2. Guard ; watch.
8«'Ml (sS'pal or sSp^al), n. [NL. sepalum.] Leaf
or division of the calyx of a plant. $
Sop^a-rm-bla (sSp^i-rA^bn), a.
Capable of being separated, dis- K E^Btf ^^J
iohied, or divided. — SfP'a-im-
Uy, adv, — 8«p'a-ni-bl»>iMMi,
Sra'a-n-lilll-ty, n.
8(ip'a-nit«(-rat),r./.&<. TL.
gepararfy -ratum ; pref . «- aside
-f pttratt to make veady , prepare. ] _ ,
To disunite ; to divide ; to part. ' ' * SepaH.
—p. a. 1. Divided from another or others ; disjoined ;
tieparated. 8. Unconnected ; distinct. — S^P'A-nte*
ly, <Mf V. — Stp'a-iatt-BeM, ».
MlKa-ratlOll, n. a separating, or being separated,
or separate, (a) Chemical analysis. (6) Divorce, (r
The removing water from steam. [cliurch.
Stp'a-n-UNII (-rMTi*m), n. Withdrawal from a,
S^a-rm-tlst, n. One who separates himself } a dis>
senter; nonconformist; schismano; sectary.
Stp'ft-ra'tor (-ri'tSr), R. [L.1 One that separatea.
8^A-im-tO-ry(-r*-t^-ij^),a. Separating. —». Chem-
ical apparatus used in separating liquids.
S^'pl-A (eS'pT-4), ti. ; pi. B. Sams (-As), L. Svus (•«).
iL., fr. Or. (HfrMi cuttlefish, squid.] 1. The cuttlefish.
I A pigment prepared from tlie daric secretion of tlie
mttleflsh. —A. Of a dark brown color, with a little red
in its composition ; made of, or done in, sepia.
SOoy (-poi), n. [Per. #rpdAf, f r. /tipah army.] A na-
ive of India in the military service of a European power.
B&pt (aSpt), ». [Comip. of #rc/.] A clan, tribe, or
family, esp. in Ireland.
8«p'lMl'»l«(s«p'tin'gn),n. [Sepd'-^nnffle.'l A fig-
nre having seven angles ; heptagon.— Sep-tan'gn-lar, a.
Sop-tMnlMr (-tSm'bSr), n. [L., fr. septem seven.]
The 9th month of the year.
SeplMI-a-ry (-t»n-i-ry), n. [L. geptennriu*, f r. aepteni
seven each, fr. »eptein.'\ 1. Consisting of, or relating to,
seven. 8. Lasting seven years.
8ep-tMlflll^ (-t6ii'nT-<»l). a. [L. tteptevninm period
of seven years; geptem-\-nnnn»yw.^ 1. Lasthig seven
years. 8. Hsppeninfr once in every seven years.
8ep-tmi'trl-0B (-trT-Hn), n. [L. sepfentt-io the north,
fr. §epientriones the 7 stars called the Great Bear, prop.,
the 7 plow oxen ; teptem -}- trio plow ox.] The northern
regions. — Sep-tentrl-OB. Sop-tmitrl-OB-Al, a.
JEtoptlO (-tTk), a. [Septem 4- -*>•] In mathematics, of
the 7th degree or order. — n. A nuaiitic of the 7th degree.
SaptlO, ) a. [Or. <n|irTuc<i<, f r. oi^tiv to make
SO]KtlO-Al, I putrid.] Promoting putrefaction. —n.
A substance that promotes putrefaction.
8ep-tUll0n (-tYI'vttn), n, [F. xeptilion, fr. L. feptem^
In imitation of mUtiom.^ By French (and American)
%
numeration, the product of 1000 Involved to tha 6tli
power, expressed by a unit vkitli '2A ciphers annexed ; by
tiie Kngiidi metliod. a unit witJi 42 ciphers •ffiM'^^j
Btp^tn-A-ge-nall-AB (<iSp'tfi-i.jl-iii'rT-<rn), n. One
70 years of age.
Sep'tn-af 0-IUI-lT (-ij't-nfi.it), a. [L. tepttneena-
HtM, fr. septttaffeni 70 each ; akin to «ep/nN.] ConJstinf
of 70 ; also, 70 years old. — n. A septuagenarian.
II Sop^tn-a-CMl-ma (-4.j&/T-m&), n. INL., fr. L.
tuagemmH* the seventieth, fr. teptnaginia seven^.l 1
tiiird Sunday before Lent ; — being about 70 days befora
Ksster. [etc ; reckoned by aeventiea.!
Stp'tn-ft-gasl-aul, a. Consisting of 70 days, years, |
Stp'm-A-gtBt (-jTnt), N. [Fr. L. *eptuagi$ttm.'\ A
Greek version of the Old Testament, — believed to ba tlM
work of 70 (or rather of 72) translators.
r 8«ptliai (-tllm), n. ; pi. Sbita (-U).
fence, fr. tepire to hedge in.1 Wall sep-
arating two cavitiea in an animal body or
plant.
8«p^-Bl« (-ttt-pM), a, [LL. $eptn.
plu*;ct,w.hrnarkovt.} Seven times as
much ; sevenfold. — v. t. To multiply
by seven.
8«F^-«lMr ) (-Bl-k8r), n, [OK & ^
8tp^-0hrti OF. tepnlere, fr. L. ^TT ,-..
mpHlcrwHylT.aepHirt tohary.^ Grave; ,??"8ep!?
[L., inoloaora,
toni b. -» r . /. [imp. A p. p. SmrLCBBBBD
(-kerd) or Sbpulcrbbo (-kSrd) ; p. pr. & rb.
* « ^^^^
CHKBiNO (-kSr-Tng) or SmrLCHJUHO
Se-pvl'olinl (st-ptuncrol), a.
tlvec
krlng).] To bwy.
. . 1. Pert. Co burial, to
tlie grave, or to monuments erected to tlie memory of Um
dead. 8. Unnaturally low and grave ; hollow In tone.
Bra'Vl-tW* (E«pail-ter ; 40), n. [F. Up^diurt^ L.
tepnltnra^ it. tepeUre.'\ \. Tlie depositing a corpse tn
the grave ; interment. 8. Sepulclier ; place of bnriaL
Se^BA'CIOOS (rl-k wS'sli&s). <r. [L. teqnmc, '•quaeia, f r.
neqni to follow. ] 1. Inclined to follow a leader ; att«Ml«
ant. 8. Ductile; pliant. 3. Having logical seqoence.
8fqa«l (eS^wSl), n. [L. teip/ela, f r. mqtti to follow.]
1. Continuation. 8. Consequence ; event ; effect ; reanlt.
Sa'giltlioe (-kwras), n. 1. The being sequent; sae>
cession ; arrangement. 8. Sequel ; conseqnenee ; reenlt.
Se'qilMlt (-kwrat),a. [L. teqfient, -mienii*^ p. pr. of
seqni.j Following; consequent.— a. Sequence.
Se-qOMltr (-kwSu'lSr), r. /. [L. teqvetirart to give
up for safe keeping, fr. segve*ter trustee.] 1. To aepante
from the owner for a time ; to confiscate. 8. To dieprive
(one) of one*s estate, property, ^c 8. To separate from
other things. 4. To seclude ; to withdraw. — r. t. To
renounce (as a widow may) any concern with her hoe-
band*8 estate. - 8*iniM'ta»-blO (-tri-b*!), «.
fto-aVMlntt (-triit), V. t. To sequester. — S^f'MS-
tn'tlim (saL'w«s4rS'sh5n or sS'ktHSs-), n.— Stf'm*-
tn'tor,A.
8¥mihk (sBHiwYn), n. [F. ; It MwrAt'no, f r. teeett the
mint, fr. Ar. tekkah die, stam^ An old gold coin of
Italy and Turkey, worth about $2.2S.
Se^Mf'a (.kwoi'4), n. [NL., fr. SequmfoK Cherokee
Indian.] A coniferous California tree, which attains aa
immense height ; the ** big tree ** ; redwood.
Se-ngllO (-riQ'yft or -riiKy*), n. [It. serntgHo, orif .,
an incloeure of palisades, afterwards also, a palstiDe, se-
raglio, f r. terrare to shut] 1. Fkdaee of the Turkish snl-
tan, at Constantinople. 8. A harem ; place of debanobery.
S«r'a]>h ((tfr'af ), n. [Het. sfra^m, pL] Oneofaa
order of celestial beings.
Se-nplilo (si-rSfTk), ) a. Pert to, beoomfng, or aidt-
Se-nphlo-tl (-T-k/il), / able to, a seraph ; angelic ;
sublime.
Ser'a-plilm (■er'A-fTm), n. Hebrew phml of SsKAia.
Scfa-pklnt (-fSn), n. [Fr. seraph.} A wind Ineira-
ment of the reed organ kind.
(»«r), a. Diy ; withered.
ft, S, I, o, a, long ; ii, 6, 1, 5, a, $>, short ; sen&te, (vent, tdea, Obey, Qnite, dire, i&rm, Ask, |^
SERENADE
609
SET
(■ift-nldO, n. [It Mrmolo.] Mado in
ttM opeu air »t niglit. — v. /. & i. To give a Mmiade.
Bt-raiM' (at-rSn'), a. [L. Mrenv^.] 1. Bright ; clear ;
UDObeoured. 2. Calm ; placid ; uudiatorbed. — 8e-rtlM'-
Ij.adv, — SMim'BeM, Se-nnl-ty (-rSna-t^), n.
taf(iirf)t»< [F.,fr.L.«ervtt«serTaQt,BlaTe.j Slave
vnployed in huabaudry. — 8«Kf tge* 8«Kf dom, ».
Syn* — Bn#; Blavb. — A «tev0 is tbe property of his
master, and may be sold in any way. A serf in bound to
woric on a certain estate, and thus attaoiiea to the soil,
and sold with it
Oiggt (aSrj), n. [F., orig., a silken stuff, fr. L. serictu
aOken^ A woolen twilled stuff, used as clothing materiAl .
Str'Ctftmt (sKr'Jeut or At*-), n. [F. tergent, fr. L.
MTvieaj, -ea/it, p. pr. of tervire to serve.] I. A uou-
oommissioned military officer uext in rank above a cor-
poraL 8. In England, a lawyer of the highest rank. —
8«'KMUi-0T,S«r'fMUBt-«y,8«r'ctftmt-slilF,». [Writ-
tan also gerjeantf terjeaney, etc.]
•srfsaat-at-snBs, an officer of a legislative body, who
preserves order, arrests offenders, etc.
Se'tl-Al (sS'rT-Al), a. Pert, to, or consisting of, a series ;
appearing in successive parts or numbers. — n. A pub-
lication appearing in a series of parts. [severally. I
fl#llrttm (-rtTm), a<ft'. TNL.] InreffuUrorder;!
S6-llf060as (-rTsh'Qs), a. [L. terieiu silken, tericum
Serio stuff, silk, fr. Serictu belonging to tlie Seret, ttie
Clilnese, celebrated for their sUken fabrics.] Pert to
silk ; consisting of silk ; silky. [wornu. I
Strl-OOl'tlur* (sSr^-kftl'tttr), n. The raising of silk- 1
SfllM (sS'rSz or sS'rT-Ss), n. [L., fr. urere, sertum^
to Mud together.] A number of things or events suc-
ceeding in order, and connected by a like relation.
S^'n-OHMimlO (-rT-^-kSmTk), i a. Both serious and
8*^-»HMnill0-tl (-T-kol), t comical.
Bt^ti-VaM (-1U), a. [L. seriiu.} 1. Grave in manner
or disposition ; not light, gay, or volatile. 2. RHally in-
tending what is said ; being in earnest. 3. Important ;
not trifling. 4. Occasioning apprehension; attended
with danger. — Sfd-OW-ly, adv. — Se'll-OIIB-BeM, n.
Syn. — Solemn ; sedate ; weighty. See Oravb.
fltr'klOII (sSr'mfin), n. [F., fr. L. semio, -mont>,dis-
oonrse.] 1. A discourse delivered in public, usually by
a clergyman, for religious hutruction, and grounded on
Scripture, a. A serious address ; lecture on one's con-
duct or duty ; exhortation or reproof.
" (-is), r. i. To compose or write sermons ;
to preach. — Scr'UMni-l'Mrt
Al-n»1-ty(B«-r6/T-ty),n. 1. A being serous. 2. A
thin watery animal fluid ; serum. [to serum. I
8f roui (sS'rlis), a. Thha ; watery ; like serum ; pert. |
8«r'9«at (siKprat), n. [F., fr. L. serpens, -pentis, fr.
terpere to creep.] 1. A reptile of the order Ophidia ;
snake. See Illusi. under Ophiou. 2. A firework.
Str'pai-tllM (-pSn-tin), a. Like a serpent ; subtle ;
winding one way and the other ; sinuous ; sigsag. — u.
A mineral or rock spotted or mottled like a serpent's skui.
Stf^tt (riSr'rtt), ( a. [L. serratus, it. serra a saw ]
B&tn-UA (-rt-t«d ), f Notched on the edge. |
8tlfni-tlir» (-rA-tttr ; 40), n. 1. A notcli- > L
ing, like that between the teeth of a saw, in ,i j -1
the edge of anything. 2. One of the teeth la fi \ Jt
a serrated edge. ?j> T f
Bg^rttd (-rid), a. [LL. serrare, -raium, v ^ /?
to crowd together, fr. L. sera bar, bolt.] v^> ^z
Crowded ; compact ; dense; pressed together. ^< ''i X
B¥Tnm (syrttm), n. [L.] (rt) Watery por- > ~
tion of certain animal fluids, as blood, milk,etc.
(b) Thin watery fluid, containing albumin,
secreted by the serous membranes of tlie body,
such as the pericardium and peritoneum.
SanTant (sSrv'ant), n. [F., a. & p. pr. of
aervir to serve, L. servire.'} \. One who serves, or labors
for another. 2. One in a state of subjection or bondage.
^■|;-
t
S«rr»to
Leaf.
(•8rv), •. t [L. mrvireA 1. Tb work for; to
be in the employment of, as an inferior, hired assistant,
official helper, etc. ; to obey and worship. 2. To be sub-
ordinate to; to minister to. 3. To supply the wants of ;
to attend ; to wait upon at table or in a shop. 4. To
bring forward, arrange, deal, or distribute. 6. To per-
form the duties belonging to, or required in or for ; to
benefit 6. To contribute or conduce to ; to be sufficient
for ; to satisfy. 7. To behave one's self to. 8. To work ;
to operate. 9. To bring to notice, deliver, or execute. —
V. >. L To be a servant. 2. To be in service ; to do
duty ; to act in the public service, as a soldier, seaman,
etc. 3. To be of use ; to answer a purpose ; to suffice.
Syn. — To obey ; minister to ; subserve ; promote ;
aid ; help ; assist ; oeneflt ; succor.
8«nr'loe(s8rvnfs),n..orB0nrnoe tref (trS'). [Prop.,
tree bearing serves, AS. syr/e service tree.] A European
tree and shrub ; mountaw ash ; rowan tree ; the Amer-
ican shad bush. They bear edible, applelike berries.
SonrlOd, n. [L. servUium.^ 1. A serving ; occupa-
tion of a servant ; performance of labor for another. 2.
Duty done or required ; office. 3. Office of devotion ; re-
ligious rites. 4. Official function ; military or naval duty.
5. Advantage conferred; benefit; avail. 6. Profession
of respect ; acknowledgment of duty owed. 7. A bring-
ing food to persons at table ; set of vessels used at table.
8«r¥lO8-a-bl0, a. 1. Doing service ; beneficial ; ad-
vantageous. 2. Capable of performing duty; diligent
— Senrlod-A-Ue-iMW, n. — Senrloo-A-bly, adv.
B&rtll% ^-11), a. [L. servUis, fr. servu*.^ 1. Pert
to, or befittmg, a servant or slave ; meanly submissive ;
cringing. 2. Held in subjection ; enshtved. — SCTVito-
Ij.adv. -Sanr^t-iAOM, 8«r-vUl-ty (nSr-vTlT-tj^), n.
8«nr^-t0ir (-T-tSr), n. [L.] 1. One who serves ; ser-
vant 2. An undergraduate at the University of Oxford,
partly supported by college funds.
8«nr^-tild0 (-tud), n. Subjection to a master ; condl«
tion of a slave ; bondase ; state of slavish dependence.
Sas'a-lllt (sSs^i-mt), n. [L. sesamum.l An annual
herbaceous plant whose seeds yield oil.
SM-qnlp'e^Ua (-kwTp'Mal), \ a. {Sesqui-
Sw'anl-pe^OUll (-kwT-p*-dinT-an), ( + pedal.}
Measuring a foot and a half ; — applied to long wordp.
See'gllO (-sTI), a. [L. sessilis low, dwarf, fr. sedeie,
sessum, to sit] Attached without
any sensible projecting support.
aaa^aion (sSsh'Qn), n. [L. sessio,
fr. sedere, sessum.'] 1. The sitting
of a court, council, legislature, etc
2. Time or term during which a
court, oounoil, legislature, etc.,
meets daily for business ; space of
time between the first meeting and
the adjournment.— 86fl'8l01l-lll,a.
SeM'po6l'(88s'pflB10,n. [Prov.
E. suss hogwash, soss puddle + E. Sessile Lesves.
pool puddle.] Cesspool.
SMtaroe (-tSrs), n. [L. sestertius two and a half ;
semis half -j- terlius third.] An ancient Roman coin.
Sot (8«t), r. /. [imp. £ p. p. Srr ; p. pr. & rb. n.
Sbttimo.] [as. settan; causative fr. root of E. «t/.]
1. To cause to sit ; to place ; to put ; to fix. 2. To at-
tach (something) to something elee. 3. To put in a certain
condition (described by accompaning words) ; to cause to
be. 4. To fix firmly ; to make fast or permanent 6. To
adjust ; to adapt. 6. To fit with music ; to adapt, as words
to notes. 7. To appoint ; to assign. 8. To adorn or va-
riegate with objects placed here and there. 9. To viUue ;
to rate ; — with at. 10. To establiah as a rule ; to pre-
scribe ; to assign. 11. To compose ; to arrange (type)
in words, linei, etc.
Syn. — See Pur.
— r. i. 1. To pass below the horizon; to dnk out of
sight ; to end. 2. To plant. 3. To strike root ; to be-
fim, reorat, 6rb, r^de, fyU, Am, food, fcTot, out oU, chair, so, sins, Igk, tfien, thin.
SETA
510
SEXTANT
gin to gennlnate or form. 4. To beeomo fixed or rigid ;
to be fastened. 6. To congeal; toaolidlfy. 6. To have
a certain direction in motion ; to flow ; to tend. ?• To
begin to move ; to start {out). 8. To indicate the posi-
tion of game ; — said of a dog. 9. To apply one*s self.
10. To flt or tuit one ; to ait. [roZ/o^.] — fl. 1. Fixed
in position; rigid. 2. Firm; obstinate. 3. Regular;
twiiorm ; format 4. Established ; prescribed. 6. Ad-
justed ; arranged. ^ n. 1. A setting, as of the sun, etc. ;
descent ; doee. 2. Tliat which is set or fixed. 3. A
number of things of the same kind, used or classed to-
gether ; assortment ; suit. 4. A group ; a clique.
Syn. — Collection ; series ; group. See Paie.
||8«'ta(8e'ti),n.;;>/.SKT/C(-ti). [L., a bristle.] Any
slender, bristlelike organ or part of an animal or plant.
Se-tft'OaOOS (-tS'shfia), a. 1. Set with, or consisting
of, bristles ; bristly. 2- Bristlelike in form or texture.
8em*fonn (sS'tl-f 8i m), a. Like setw.
Se-tfC'er-OlU (-tTJ^Sr-Od), a. Covered
with bristles ; bearing setif.
80t'-0tf' (sSt'SF). n. 1. Something
set off against another thhig ; offi«et. 2.
A decoration ; ornament. 3. A legal
counterclaim ; cross debt or demand.
8yn. — SET-oirr ; OrF^rr.— OJ'xet origi-
nidnr denoted that which brandies off or
projects, as a shoot from a tree, but the
term is now used bi the sense of set-ojf'.
Salon (s5a'n),n. [F. #^/o»i, fr. L. #«•/(» bristle.] Twiet
of hairs or threads drawn tlirough the skin, so as to fonu
an issue ; issue so formed.
8e-tOM' (sJ-tSsOi I ff- [L. srfostis, fr. seta.! Tliickly
8f toot (eS'tfis), \ set with bristles or bristly hairs.
S«t-tM' (i«6t-te'), n. [Fr. «<»/.] A long seat with a back.
Sotler (set'tSr), n. l. One that sets. 2. A hunting
dog akin to the spaniel and the pointer.
SaftlllC n. 1. Act of one that seU. 2. A marking
the position of game, as a setter does. 3. Something
set In, or inserted. 4. That in which a gem, etc., is set.
Sot'ttO (-fl), w. [AS. setl.2 A high-b.ioked bench.
Softie, r. t. [AS. xetlanA 1. To place in a fixed con-
dition ; to establish ; to fix in business, in a home, etc.
2. To render quiet ; to compose. 3. To clear of dregs
and impurities ; ta render pure. 4. To lower; to de-
!>ress ; to render compart. 5. To determine (something
n doubts ; to make sure. 6. To compose ; to picify.
7. To adjust (accountR) ; to liquidate ; to balance. 8.
To plant with inhabitants ; to colonize ; to people.
Syn. — Toflx: establish; regulate; adjust; decide.
*»t'. i. 1. To become fixed or permanent ; to establish
one's self or itself. 2. To fix one's residence. 3- To
become firm and hard, or dry and clear. 4. To sink to
the bottom, as dregs of a liquid. 6. To sink to a lower
level; to subside. 8. To become anlm. 7. To adjust
differences or accounts ; to agree. — Sot'tlor, n.
Sot'dO-mont, n. 1. A settling, or being settled. 2.
That which settles, or is settled, established, or fixed.
3. A settled place of abode ; residence ; colony.
SottUng (-tlTng), n. 1. Act of one that settles ; the
establishinff one's telf, colonizing, subsiding, adjusting,
etc. 2. pf. Lees; dregs; sediment.
Sot'-tO' (-too'), n. A contest.
Sov'On (»8v''n), n. [AS. teofon^ xeofen ; akin to t^.
ieplemy Or. errra. J One more thiui six. ^ w. 1. The num-
ber greater by one than six ; seven units or objects. 2.
Symbol representing seven units, as 7, or vii.
SOT'en-fold' (-f51d0« n- & adv. Seven times as much
or as often.
SOTOn'lllgllt (sSn'nit or -ntt), n. A week : sennight.
SOT'on-teon' (sSv^n-tSn'), a. [AS. seo/mtfpie, i. c,
teven-ien.l One more than sixteen ; t*»n ami seven added.
— n. 1. The number greater by one than sixteen ; seven-
teen tmita or objects. 2. Symbol denoting seventeen
units, as 17, or xvii.
rj
SoT^on-toonth' (-tSntbO, a. [Gf. AS. aeo/<mte68a.^
1. Next after the sixteeuth ; coming after alxteeo ottaara.
2. Constituting or being one of seventeen equal partaL
— n. 1. The next after the sixteenth. 2. Quotimitofa
unit divided by seventeen ; one of seventaen equal parta.
SOT^onth (-^nth), «. [Cf.A&. §eo/oifa.] l.Nextaftar
the sixth. 2. Coiumtutlng one of seven equal parts. ^
n. 1. One next after the sixth. 2. Quotient of a nnit
divided by seven ; one of seven equal parts.
SOT'tnth-ly, adv. In the aeyenth place.
SOT'on-ti-Oth (-'n-tT-Sth), a. 1. Next after tba sixty-
ninth. 2. Constituting one of aerenty equal parts, —a.
1. One next after the a^ty-ninth. 2. Qnotient of a unit
divided by seventy ; cme of seventy equal parts.
BOT^on-ty (-tj^), a. [AS. hund-^eo/ontig.'] Seven
times ten ; one more than aSxty-nine. — a. 1. Bom of
seven times ten ; seventy units or objects. 2. Symbol
representing seventy units, as 70, or Ixx.
SOT'er (sfiv'Sr), r. t. & i. [OF. $evrer^ severer^ fr. L.
jt^porare.'] 1. To separate; to divide; to part vtolently.
2. To cut or break open or apart ; to di^oin.
Sov'er-al (-ol), a. [OF., fr. LL. feparalit, fr. L. teptir
separate.] 1. Separate ; dirtinct. 2. Dive rue ; varioua.
3. More than two, but not many ; sundry.
Sov'er-tl-ly, adr. Separately ; apart from others.
Sev'er-al-ty (-t|^), n. Separation from otbera ; a hold-
ing by individual right. [tion. I
StT'cr-OIICO, n. A severing, or being severed ; parti- 1
So-¥Oro' (tt-\Sr'), a. [L. sererus.] 1. Serious in
feeling or manner ; not light, lively, or cbeerfnL 2.
Very strict in judgment or government ; not mild or •
indulgent; rigorous. 3. Rigidly methodical; exactly
conformed to a standard. 4. Sharp ; distressing ; violeni.
5. Difficult to be endured. — So-TOroly, adr. — 8o-
▼rro^oos, So-vert-ly (-^SrT-tj), «.
Syn. - Grave ; austere ; stem ; morose ; riind ; exart ;
harsh ; tart ; cutting ; keen ; bitter ; cruel. Bee Btbict.
Sow (i!6), r. t. limp. Sswso (tSd); p. p. Scwbd,
rarely Fkwn (t5n); p. pr. & rb. «. SawiKO.] [AS.
sidirian, shriati ; akin to L. «t/^re.] To unite by stitdiee.
^ V. I. To work w Ith needle and thread.
Sow'agO (> u'&j ; 49), n. 1. Contents of a sevor or
drain ; refuse. 2. Sewerage ; drainage by aewera.
Sow'er (r5^r), n. One who sews, or ftitchea.
Sow'or (f CSi ), 11. [OF. setriere, fr. L. ex out -|- derhr.
of aq^ia water.] Drain to carry off water and filth.
Sow'or, n. [OF. aftfottr, L. assidete to sit by ; ad •\-
sedere to sit.] An upper servant, who set on and re-
moved dishes at a feast.
Sow^or-agO (-tj : 2), n. 1. Construction of rewara.
2. System of sewers in a city ; drainage of a town by
sewen*. 3. Material collected in sewers ; aewage.
SOZ (s^s)i n. [L. tezM.'] 1. Distinction of male or
female. 2. One of the two groups thus formed.
The s«x, the female sex ; women, in general.
Soz'a-ge-nall-aa {akB/k-it-nSfrt'On), n. A peraon
sixty years old.
80Z-a8'*-IUI-IT (eSke-SJ't-nt-rj^ or aSks'A-jt-), <r. [L.
geTogmaringy fr. sezageni sixty each, akin to tex aix.)
Pert, to, or designating, the number sixty ; proceeding
by sixties ; sixty years old. — n. 1. Something oomf oaed
of sixty parts or divisions. 2. A sexagenarian.
i' 8ez'a-f ea'l-ma (rSks^A-jfi; a-m&), n. [L., fem. of
»exngr.nmu* sixtieth, fr. sexagitUa sixty.] The 2d Sun-
day before Lent ; — about the 00th day before Easter.
Soz^a-feal-mal, a. Pert, to the number sixty.
Soz-onlll-al (-^n'nT-<il), a. [L. nexfynium pralod of
six years ; ««; six -{- annus year.] Lasting six yeara, or
happening once in six years, ^n. A sexennial event.
80Z'/ld (sSksTTd), I a. ISex- -f root of L. Jlndere to
Soz'l-fid (-T-rT<1), t split] Six-deft.
Soz'tant (-t/rnt), n. [L. sextan*^ -iantis^ sixth part of
an as, fr. geztus sixth, sex six.] 1. The sixth part of a
cirde. 2. An instrument for measuring angnlar dia-
8, 1, 1. 8, «» long J li, fi, t, », n, ^ short I sanUta, «vaI»^ tdaa, 8ba3r, 8iilta, aAta, 8nn, Aak, ta, toiA
SEXTILE
511
SHAME
One form of Scz«
Uut.
Unoea, uaod etp. mt im, to Mcertaiu the Utitode and lon-
gitude.
Btrtn* (aOytTl), a. [F. «exft/, fr.
l^ $extHt Ute dxtht tr, sex.] Measured
by iizty degrees. — n. Aspect or po>
■Itloo of two fdanete when distant from
each other aUty degrees, or two sf gus.
8«ll-tiiaioa(-tTl°yan),n. [Formed
(in imitation of miUion) fr. L. tex-
tits.] By Frencti (and American) iiti-
meration, ttie number exiwesaed by a
unit with 21 ciphers annexed ; by the
English method, a million raised to the sixth power, or a
nult with 36 ciphers annexed.
Sex'tO-teO'^mo (seiu'tt-dSyT-m^), a. [L. Jtfztus'
decimuM the sixteenth ; textti* -|- decimus the tentli, fr.
decern ten.] Having 16 leaves to a bheet ; of the size of
one fold of a sheet of printing paper folded so as to make
16 leaves, or 32 P*ges. — a. A book composed of sheets
each folded into 16 Isaves ; — usually written IGmo, or Iti^.
EtOB (sSks'tOn), n. [Contr. fr. McrUtan.] Under
r of a church, who takes care of the church building
and Uie vessels, vestments, etc., digs graves, rings the
bell, etc — 8«Sl<m-lUp, n.
B&MftOrjfiB (-td-pU), a. [Formed (in imitation of qttnd-
rupU) fr. Ij. sextiu sixth.l Six times as much ; sixfold.
8«Z^Md (ii8ks^-al or s8k'shn-al ; 40\ a. [L. gextiatit,
fr. 9exu* sex.] Pert, to sex. — 8«Z'11-ai1-ty (-SlT-tj^), n.
BkMi/bf (shil/bf ), a. 1. Tom or worn to rags. 2.
Clothed with ragged or soiled garments. 3. Maan ; p^-
trj.Skai/bk'lj, adv. — Shab'bl-nMW, n.
8IUU/kto (shftkntU), n. [AS. tcaciUt fr. gcacan to
shake.] 1. Something confining the legs or arms ; gyve;
fetter. 2. Link for connecting railroad carx. — v. t. 1.
To tie or confine the limbs of ; to fetter ; to chain. 2. To
join (railroad cars) by a link or chain. [ (7. S. ]
Shad (shid), n. ting. & pi. [AS. sceadda ; perh. akin
to K. skaie a fish.] A food fish of the Herring family.
Shad'dOOk (shSd'd&k), n. [Said to be so called fr. a
Captain Shaddock^ who introduced it from tlie East In-
dies.] A tropical tree and its orangelike fruit.
SlUldt (shld),n. PAS. tceadu^ tread ; prob. akin to Gr.
owi/uH darkness.] 1. Comparative obscurity owing to
interception of rays of light. 2. Darknees. 3. Au obscure
]rfaoe; secluded retreat. 4. That which intercepts, or
shelters from, rays of the sun ; screen ; shelter ; cover.
6. The soul after separation from the body ; spirit ; ghost.
3. Degree or variation of color. 7. Minute difference of
thought, belief, expression, meaning, etc. — r. f. 1. To
keep light from. 2. To shelter ; to screen. 3. To dim
the brightoeis of. 4. To mark with gradations of light
or color.
Tha Ihadss, the Nether World ; the suppoaed abode of
■Dola after leaving the body.
8luid1-l7, adv. In a shady manner.
Quality or state of being sbadv.
(sbid'6), n. [Orig. same word as tkade.']
1. Shade wittiin defined limits; obscurity representing
the form of the body which intercepts rays of light. 2.
Darkness. 3. A shaded place ; shelter. 4. A reflected
Image. 6. A faint representation ; type. 6. A small
degree ; shade. — v. C 1. To cut off light from ; to shade.
2. To protect ; to shelter ; to shroud. 3. To mark with
gTadatkms of light or color. 4. To represent faintly or
ty]rfcally. 6. To darken ; to cast a gloom over. 6. To
attend as elosely as a shadow ; to watch secretly.
81Uld'toW-7 (-y), a. 1. Full of shade ; causing shadow.
2. Obaoore ; gloomy ; dim. 3- P'Untly reprenentative ;
tj^eaL 4. Unsubatantial ; unreal ; as, shtufowy honor.
BhadT (ahid7), a. 1. Causing shade. 2. Bhelt4>red
from glare or heat. 3. Pert, to darkness; unfit to be
■aen or known ; equivocal ; dubious. lCoUoq.'\
Shah, (ahift), n. [AS. teea/Q 1. Slender stem of an
siTOw, handle of a spear, etc. ; a missile ; weapon. 2. A
long, slender part, esp. when cylindrical, as the trunk or
stalk of a plant, stem of a feather, pole of a vehicle ; body
of a column ; bar in madiinery. 3. A well-like excava-
tion in the earth for reaching and raising ore, for raising
water, etc. 4. A long passage for air ; air ahaft.
HhMg (BhSg), n. [AS. tctacga bush of hair.l I. Coarse
nap; ruugh, woolly hair. 2. Cloth having a long, coarse
nap. 3. Tobacco cut fine. —v. /. To make rough.
BhMlglmA' (-barkO» n. A rough-barked spedea of
hickory ; also, .ts nut , shellbork.
SlMf'Ced (-gfid), Bhac'gy (-gj^), a. 1. Rough with
long hair or wool. 2. Bugged ; jaggy. — 81U('ged-n«M,
81ii('gl-ii«w, t<.
Sha-STMn' (sliA-grSnO, n. [F. chagHn, fr. Turk.
taghri back of a beiu>t of burden, shagreen.] 1. Untanued
leather prepared from skins of horses, asses, and camels,
and covered with small granulations. 2. Skin of small
sharks and otiier fishes having small, bony scsles.
Sball (shX), n. [Per., king, prince. Cf. Chbckmatb.]
The supreme ruler iu Persia. [Written also »chah.'\
Shake (shak), r. /. [imp. Shook (sl:d6k); v. p.
Shaken (sliak^'n), (Shook, obt.) ; p. pr. &, rb. n. Shak-
IMO.] [AS. scacnn.] 1. To move with quick or violent
vibrations ; to make to tremble ; to agitate. 2. To move
from firmness ; to cause to waver. 3. To give a tremu-
lous tone to : to trill. 4 To move or remove by agita-
ting ; to rid one*s self of. — > r. i. To tremble ; to quake ;
to totter. ^ n. 1. A sliakiug ; rapid motion one way and
the other ; a trembling or shivering ; agitation. 2. A trilL
Shak'er, n. 1. One that shakes, or by which some-
thing is shaken. 2. One of a peculiar religious sect so
called from the movements of the members in dancing,
which forms a port of their worship.
Sluk'y (HhSk'y), a. 1. Shaking or trembling. 2.
Easily sliaken ; tottering ; unsound. [CoUoq.l
Shale (shal), n. IAS. tcealu.} 1. A sheUorhusk;
cod ; pod. 2. [G. «cA«/r.] A fine-grained aedimeutary
rock of a thin, laminated structure.
Shall (shil), r. i. A ntizUUiry. [imp. Should (shd6d).]
[AS. scal^ teeai, I am obliged, Imp. scolde^ seeolde^ inf.
9culitn.'\ [Sholl is defective, having no infinitive, imper-
ative, or participle.] As an auxiliary, shall indicates a
duty or necessity derived from the person spesdcing ; as,
you thrtli go. After a conditional conjunction (as, //",
tthether) it expresses futurity simply. Should is used m
the same senses as shall^ as its imperfect. It also ex-
presses duty or mcral obligation ; as, he should do it
whether he will or not.
Shal-lOOn'^ (shSl-loonO, n. [F. chalon^ fr. Chdlons,
in France, wliere it was first made.] A thin, loosely
woven, twilled worsted stuff.
Shallop (shSia&p), n. [F. rhalonpe.'X A boat.
Shal-l0t> (shS-lStO, n. lOF. enchalote (for escalone).
See ScALUOH.] A small onion growing in clusters.
Shaiaow (shSKlft), a. [AS. *r(olh.\ 1. Not deep.
2. Not profound; ignorant; superficial.— n. A place
where the water is not deep ; a shoal ; flat. — r. /. ^ i.
To make, or become, shallow. — Shal^OW-IlMa, n.
Shalt (shSlt), 2d per. *ing. of Shall.
Sham (shXm), n. [Orig. same word as thame.^ \.
That which deceives expectation ; trick ; fraud ; impos-
ture ; humbug. 2. A false front, or removable orna-
mental covering. ^ a. False ; coimterfelt ; unreal. -»
v.t.&i, 1. To trick ; to cheat. 2. To ape ; to feign.
ShamDlO (-bn), v. i. [Cf. OD. sefuimpen to slip
••wnVf E. scamper.!^ To walk unsteadily ; to ahulBe along.
Shamldea (-b*Iz}, n. pi. [AS. scamel bench, stool,
fr. L. scamellum^ dim. of seamnvm stool.] 1. Place
where butcher*s meat is sold. 2. Place for uaughtering
animals; abattoir.
Shame (shSm), n. [AS. scamu.'] 1. Painful con-
sciousness of guilt or impropriety. 2. Reproach in-
curred ; contempt. 3. Cause of shame ; diagiiusa.— • v. L
1. To make ashamed. 2. To disgrace.
X3m, lecant, 6rb» Hl^ 'V^ ^^*^ food, fo^>t, oat, oil, cUair, so, ains, iQk, then, tlala.
SHAMEFACED
511^
SHEAR
brazeu-
g|MBltlAO«d' (sUiiii'IiatO.n. [AS. scam/mst.1 Eavily
put uut ut couuteuiuice ; ditUueut ; ba&bfiii.
Sluunatlllt <>• 1* Briugiug itbaiue ; disgrAceful. 8.
Excitiug the feeding of •hanie iu others : iudecwit. —
SlUUIMllll-ly, adv. — SlUUM'flll-BeM, n.
Sjn, — DUgrmceful ; reproachful ; iudecent ; unbe-
coming : degrading ; acaodiilouB ; ignoiniuious : infamous.
HhUD.^'lMMt o, I0 Destitute of sliame ;
faced; insensible to disgrace. 2. Iudecent. — !
lass-l7,offr.-8]iaiii«leM-iiess,n. .^„ ,
8yii. — Impudent ; unblushing ; audacious ; indelicate.
ffiuun'lliy (stiXu/ro]^), n. X^** chamois a chamois,
■hamuiy leather.] 1. The chamois. 8. A soft, pliant
leather, orig. made from skin of the chamois, now also
from skin ot the sheep, goaL kid, deer, and calf.
Staam-pOO' (-poo'), r. /. [Hind, champna to squeese.]
1. To knead the surface of the body, alter a hot bath.
8. To wraah the head of (a person), with a soapy prepara-
tion. — n. A sliampooing.
Staam'rook (-r5k), n. [Ir. »eamrog.'\ A trifoliate
Slant used as the Irish na-
lonal emblem ; originally
wood sorrel, Oxali» Atrtth
»eUn^ but now Tri/olium
rntfn* (white clover) and
Metlieago liipidina.
BhMtnk (shXnk), n. [AS.
»canca.'\ 1. The leg from
luiee to foot ; sliiu ; the whole
leg. 8. Part of a tool, etc.,
•enring as a handle. «, ^ o ,
Shan't (shint). Contr. Shnmmck. n Wood Sorrel ,
otthoHnot. [Collnq.] 5 White Clow 1 c Jfer/tei<;o
»ean old + '*9 house.] A small, mean dwelling : hut.
Shape (sliSp)! V- t' [imp. SHArao (shipt) ; p. p.
BRArao or Shapkn (sliip'^u) ; p. pr. & rb. n. SHArmo.]
iAB. sctnpian.'] 1. To create ; to give proper form to.
I. To adapt to a purpose ; to adjust. 3. To image ; to
conceive. — n. 1. Character or construction of a thing
as determining its appearance ; make ; form ; guise.
8. Figure ; appearance ; being. 3. A model ; mold.
Shapeless, a. Destitute of shape or regular form ;
wanting syiniuetry ; misshapen ; — opp. to shapely. —
Shapeaess-ness. n. [ShapeOi-ness, n. 1
Snapely* a. Well-formed ; comely ; symmetrical. — I
Shard (nliiird), n. [AS. sera id, prop. p. p. fr. root of
teeran to sliear, cut.] [Written also shenrd, ai>d sherd.']
1. Fragment of an earthen vessel, sliell of an egg, etc.
8. Hai^ wing case of a beetle. [cuts the ground. I
Share (shftr^, n. [AS. scear. ] Blade of a plow which |
Share, n. [AS. sceam, fr. scernn to shear, cut.] 1.
A certain quantity ; portion ; division. 3. Part allotted
or belonging to one ; a portion among others ; dividend.
— r. /. (& <. 1. To part among two or more ; to divide.
8. To partake of with others. — Sharker, n.
ShaiellOld'er (-h^ld'er), n. One who owns a share
in a joint fund or property.
Shaift (shKrk), n. [Perh. f r. Or. »apx«po« having sharp
teeth.] 1. Any one of numerous voracious fishes (some
harmless to man) having cartiU^jiuous skeletons, found in
arp.] 1. Having a vety
2. *"
Sharp (slilkrp), a. [AS. ,
thin edge or tine point ; keen. 8. Affecting the 1
as if pmnted or cutting ; penetrating ; acute ; pungent ;
sour ; piercing ; slirill ; dauling. 3. (a) High in musical
pitch ; acute, (b) Raised a semitone in pitch, (e) 80
high as to be out of tune ; — opp. in all tiieae aenaaa to
flat. 4. Very trying to the feelings ; distressing. 6. 8«N
castic ; harsh. 6. Acute ; sagacious ; clever. 7. Bag«r
in pursuit ; impatient for gratification. 8. Fierce ; ar>
dent; impetuous. 9. Attentive to cme^s own intereat;
shrewd. 10. Steep ; abrupt. 11. Uttered in a whis-
per, or with the breath alone, witltout voire, aa p, i*, /, /;
surd ; nonvocal ; aspirated. — adv. 1. To a point or
edge ; piercingly ; eagerly. 8. Precisely ; exactly.
[C0//09.]— n. 1* (<i) ^« musical character [f1 in-
dicating that the note after it is to be raised a aemitoao
in pitch. (6) A sharp tone or note. 8. A sewing needle
having a very slender point.— v. /. To raise alMve the
proper musical pitch; to raise a semitone above the
natural tone. — r. i. 1. To play tricks in bergainiuf.
8. To sing above the proper pitch. — Shaiply. adv. —
Sharp^BMS, n. [aharpb I
Sharp^en (shiirp'*n), v.t.Ai. To make, or becomeu |
Sharp'er, n. One who bargains closely, or cheats ia
iMnvains; swindler; cheating gamester.
Snarple (-T), n. A long, sliarp, flat-bottomed boat,
with one or two masts, with triangular sail.
Shaip'HMt' (-rttO, a. Kagerini
gratification; ravenous.
appetite or <
One skilled in exact
Sharp'shoot'er (-aiisst^), n.
shooting ; a good marksman.
Sharp'-S&hred (-Mt'M), a. Having acute sight.
Sharp'-Wtt'ted (-wTt^tW), a. Acute ; discemfaig.
Shat'ter (shXt't^r), v.t.&i. [AS. seateran.] 1. Td
break into fragments. St To disorder ; to derange.
Shaye (sitiv), r. /. [imp. Shavbd (shivd) ; p. p.
Sravbd or Sravsn (sliiv'^n) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Bhatdmi.]
[AS. sca/an.'l 1. To pare off from the surface of ; to cot
off closeiy. 8. To cut in thin slices. 3. To ekim alaig the
surface of ; to pass close to, or touch llphtly, in passing.
To shave a note, to buy it at great disooont, or exact
excessive interest upon it. [CaiU^ U. 8.]
— r. t. To remove the beard with a razor ; to cot close>
ly ; to be severe or extortionate in a bargain ; to ebset.
— n. 1. A thin slice; shaving. 8. A cntthsf of the
beard. 3. An exorbitant discount on a note. [CmU^
U.S.] 4. A drawing knife ; ipokeshave. 6. A passing
so close as almost to graze. [C0//09.]
ShaveUng, n. A man sliaved ; a monk.
Shay'tr, n. 1. One who shavea. 8. One dose fa
~ lad; little follow.
-'-- - -x sharper. 3. A boy ; lad ;
i. Tool or machine for shaving.
Msn-Mtini; Shfirk
{,Carchuit*'!on tfirrharlw'
all se.is. 8. Rapacious person ; nharper. [C0//09.] ^v.i,
1. To swindle. 3. To iive oy stiifts and stratagems.
br-
Shav'inf,fi. 1. Act of one that shavea ; a cutting off
tU> WiiT'i Mith a razor. 3. Tliin slice or strip pared off.
f^linwl Uif^), n. [Per. A Hind. «AS/.l A cloth of
w.^oi., _ik, L'to., to cover the neck and shoulders.
Shawm (sham), n. [OF. chalemie; fr. V. eitlomtis
reed, reed pipe.] Ancient musical wind instrument, sup-
posed to have resembled the clarinet or haotbov in form.
She (shS), pron. [sing. nam. Sn ; pass. Hsa (hSr)
or Hbks (ii^rz) ; otj. Her ; pi. nom. Tmnr (thi) ; pats.
Tnxm (thfir or thar) or Thsiu (thftrz or tiiirs) ; obj.
Tmtu (them).] [AS. *e6, fem. of the definite article,
orig. a demonstrative pronoun ; cf. Or. ^, fem. article.
The pofwessive her or hers, and the obJeetiYe Aer, are
from a different root] Tliis or that female.
Sheaf (shSf), n. ; pf. Shxavu (shevs). [AS. srr^]
1. Bundle of stalks and ears of wheat, rye, grain, atraw,
etc. 8. Any collection of things bound together ; handle
of arrows sufficient to fill a quiver. —«./.&<. To gather
and bind into a sheaf ; to make sheavea.
Shear (sliSr), r. /. [imp. Shsarbo (ahird) or Saoas
(Ah5r) : p. p. Shbabbs or Shobm (shSm) ; p.pr.Avb.%.
Shbarimo.] [AS. «cfi-an.] 1. To cut, clip, or sever aqy-
S, S, I, o, a, long ; ft, 6, 1, ft, O, t> •>>ort ; soa8te, tvent, tdea. Obey, finite, cftie, llnB, ikak, »11, fiBoL
SHEARER
613
SHIPTLESSNESS
-'/.i.
A form of Sheara, 2.
thing from with ahean, etc. 2. To clip (something)
from a surface. — n. A shearing. — Shear'er, n.
Blltani (shSrx), n. pi. 1. A cutting instrument of
two pivoted blade^ for cutting cloth (.hearing sheep, etc. ;
blade, or set of blades, working against a resisting
edge. 8. Frame for raising heavy
weights, consisting of spars, with
the necessary tackle. [Written
also«A0er«.]
gll0at]|(8h5th),n. [AS.«c9^.]
1. Case for a sword, knife, etc. ;
scabbard. 8. Sheathlike covering
of a leaf, insect, etc
ghaatlM (shStfa), V. t. 1. To
pat into a sheath, case, or scal>-
bard. 2. To case or cover with
something which protects, aa
boardii, Mieets of metal, etc.
[Written also sheathj^
BhsathtllK, n. Tliat which sheathes; material for
covering, ceiling, encasing, etc.
BhaaTO (shSv), a. [Akin to OD. tchijve orb, disk,
wheel.] Wheel having a groove in the rim for a rope to
work in, and set in a block, must, etc. ; wheel of a pulley.
SlIAATO, V' t. To gather and bind into Mheaves.
SllCd (sliSd), n. [Same as shade.'\ Slight structure
built to shade or shelter something ; hut.
Shed, t*. /. [imp. & p, p. Shio ; p. pr. & rb. n. Sbsd-
DIMO.] [AS. scadan to part, sepitrate ; akin to L. scintUre
to cleave, split.] 1. To throw off or s^ve forth from one's
self ; to emit. 2. To let fall ; to cast (liair, feathers, shelb,
leaves, etc.). 3. To cause to flow off without penetrating.
SiMd'der (-dSr), M. 1. One that sheds. 2. A crab
while casting its shell.
SIlMIl (shSii), a. [AS. sci^ne splendid, beautiful : akin
toO. schoHt E. show.'] Bright ; glittering.— v. i. To Hhine ;
to glisten. — n. Brightness ; splendor. — SllMll'y, a.
BhMip (BbSp), n. sing. & pi. [AS. scep^ scfdp.] 1.
Small ruminant quadruped, valued for its nesh and wool.
2. A bashful, silly fellow.
gheep raa, Sassp walk^tract where sheep range and graze.
Bheap'cot' (-MV), SliMp'oote' (-ksto, ShMj^lold'
(•fSld^), n. Place where sheep are collected or confined.
BhMlf^Yk^ a. Like a sheep ; bashful ; timorous.
Shoep'l'-eye' (shSps^' ), n. A modest, diffident look ;
loving glance ; — commonly in the plural.
ShaeMllMld' (-hSdOt n. A large and valuable sparoid
food fish of the Atlintic coast.
ShM^tklB' (sliSp'skTnO, n. 1. Skin of a sheep, or
leather prep ired from it. 2. A diploma. [College Cant]
Bhmr (sher), a. [Icel. skterr ; akin to £. shine.] 1.
Bright ; clear ; pure ; uniuixeU. 2. Very thin or trans-
parent. 3. Obvious; mere; downright. 4. Straight up
and down ; vertical ; perpendicular.
ShMT, r. i. [D. scheren to shear, cut, warp. See
Shsae.! To deviate from the proper course ; to swerve.
— n. 1. («) Longitudinal upward curve of a ship's deck,
gunwale, and linps. (/>) Position of a vessel ridini; at
single anchor. 2. A change in a course. 3. pi. Shears.
BllMt (shSt), n. [AS. scete, sn'/tr, fr. scent fold in a
garment, scedtan to shoot.] 1. Larfre, broad piece of
anything thin, as paper, cloth, etc. ; a broad, thin portion
of any substance ; piece of cloth for wrapping the body
or for an article of bedding ; thinly expanded portion of
metal, glass, etc. ; plate ; luaf ; bro^d expanse of water,
etc. ; a saiL 2. («) A rope or rhain regulating the in(rle ,
of adjustment of a sail in relation to the wind, (b) pi.
Space in the forward or after part of a boat where there
are no rowers. — v. t. 1. To fumifth with sheets; to
wrap or cover with a sheet. 2. To expand, m h sheet.
Sheet aaebor. (a) The largest anchor of a Rhip. (b) A
mre dependence in danger ; best hope or refuge.
Sbaetlng, n. l. Cloth for bed slieets. 2. A forming
into sheets ; material made into sheets.
II Blldk (shSk ; Ar. shik), n. [Ar. sheikh.] Head of
an Arab family, clan, or tribe ; chief magistrate of an
Arab village. [Written also scheik, shaik, sheikh.]
ShelCef (sh8k"l), n. [Ueb. sheael, f r. shiqal to weigh.]
An ancient Jewisli weight and coin.
Shel'dnko' (shSlMrikO, n. 1. An Old World duck,
resembUng a gooae in form. 2. An American merganser.
Shelf (sheif ), n. / pi. Shblvw (sli«vx). [AS. scyl/e.}
1. A flat ledge set horixoutally, to lay things on. 2. A
sand bank or ledge of rocks, rendering the water shallow,
and dangerous to ships. — Shell'y, a.
Shell (sh«l), n. [AS. scell, scyll.] 1. A hard oatdde
covering of a fruit, animal, egg, etc. 2. HoUow pro-
jectile for a mortar or a cannon, containing an
explosive substance, and designed to burst mto
pieces when the powder explodes. 3. Case
holding the charge of breech-loading small
arms. 4. Any slight hollow structure; a
framework not complete or filled in. 6. pi.
Husks of cacao seeds, used aa a substitute for
chocolate, cocoa, etc. 6. A light boat, having
a frame covered with thin wood or paper. —
r. /. 1. To strip or break off the shell of ; to
take out of the shell, pod, etc. 2. To separate S<ctinn of
kemeUi of (Indian com, wheat, oats, etc.) J}'?./.;?!
from the cob, ear, or husk. 3. To throw shells mod 8 hell
or bombs u|M>n or into ; to bombard. — r. t. L for Rifled
To fall off, as a sheU, crust, etc. 2. To cast the Cannon,
shell, or exterior coveriiift ; to fall out of the pod or husk.
ShellOiark' (-bilrk'^, n. A species of hickory whoae
outer bark is loo^e ana peeling ; shag bark ; ali>o, its nut.
Sh^ll'Ush' (-fTsh'), n. Any aquatic animal whose ex-
ternal covering consists of a shell.
SheU'-UcK 1 (shfillft/), n. The resin lac, melted and
Shel'lJU/ } strained, and spread into phUes.
Shell'y (-j^), a. Abounding with shells.
Shelter, n. [Cf. AS. scUdtruma troop of men with
shields; scild slneld 4- truma band of men.] 1. That
which covers or defends ; protection ; screen. 2. Guar-
dian; defender. 3. Protection; aeciuity.
Syn. — Asylum ; refuge ; covert ; sanctuary ; security.
— >r. t. 1. To provide with a shelter. 2. To beUke toa
safe place. — r. <. To take shelter. — fflielter-lanm a.
Sheltle (-tT), Shel'ty (-tj^), n. A Shetiand pony.
ShelTO (shSlv), V. t. 1. To furnish with shelves.
2. Tq pircrt* cm a shelf ; in put aside ; to diianiss; to put
ofl ii:<rlrTJTi^4>|y.<— r. c\ To incline irradually : to slope.
Bhel'V'y {-i ), *j^ SKijOiig gradually ; shelving.
\)r
Bheplierd (nliSp^:
shct'i'k 4- hitrdt lif>rd, ^ii
temllTif! -.>if>fp, a, psKLt.
ShflT'het UliPr'^Mt], II
X. All [Jrifur^j riru'i; nii
and ttA^ored^ % A £l»vi
Sherd t»lierd>.
[AS. sceAphyrde; scehp
rdian.1 1. One employed m
I of a church.
<man tending sheep ; rural laai.
[Ar., fr. shariha to drink.]
le of JMice of fruit, sweetened^
I ed water ice.
A liagnieut; sliard.
' AS. sc\T-gerefa ; *cfr shire -f-
getrjyk .c^,»-.] ^,„T.i uOicer of a shire or county. —
lOii^iff-Al-tT {-oUS), Shi»rlff-»hlp (-»ihTp), n.
Sher^ryCBhSr'rj^^n- [Fr. .rere/, a Spanish town.] A
Spanish ifght-coloreil dry wine.
Shew (Kh5, formerly shu), v.t.8ii. Show.
ShewOirMd' (shybrSdO- Showbread.
Shield (shSld), n. [AS. seieJd.\ 1. Piece of defensfve
armor, carried on the arm. 2. iMfense ; protection. —
V. t. To protect. .
Shift (»hTft), r. /. & i. [AS. sciflan to divide.! 1.
To chinge ; to move from one place to another. 2. To
contrive ; to manage. — n. 1. A xhiftini;; substitution ;
expedient ; evasion ; fraud. 2. Something frequently
shifted ; chemise. 3. Chanire of one net of workmen
for another ; spell, or turn, of work. — Slllft'er, n.
Shlftleu, ti. Destitute of exped'ents; hicapable;
improvident ; thriftless. — Shlft^CSS-neu, n.
fin, noent, 6rb, rydo, fyll, ftni, food, f<^t, out, oU, ohair, so, liiic ink, tJhea, ^K»«»^
SHIFTINESS
514
SHIP
my (•hTf^), a, FuU of shifto ; fertUe in ezpedi-
•nto ; tricky ; kuarUh. — 81llft1-nMW, n.
Shfl-UOall ) (sblMinA), n. A cudgel ; — fr. ShiUdagh,
Sbll-tollll ) a place iu Ireland f amotu for its oaks.
BhilOlnC (shTllTng), n. [AS. sciUing.j 1. An Eng-
lish sllTer coin, and money of account, worth 12 pence,
or about 24 cents. 2. In the United States, an obsolete
denominstion of money, differing in value in different
States. 3. The Spanish real, worth V2k cents.
Bhiiay-llially (shlia-shU'I), adv. [Redupl. of
t/uM 7.1 In an irresolute or hesitating manner. — r. C
To act irresolutely ; to occupy one*s self with trifles. —
n. Irresolution ; occupation with trifles.
Shiay (shl'l^), adv. Shyly.
SIllllllMr (shTm'mSr), v. i. [AS. »eimerian.'\ To
shine with a tremulous light ; to glisten. — n. A glimmer.
Shin (ahTn), n. [AS. Mn'na.] Front part of the leg
below the knee ; shank. — r. /. <Sr i. L To climb (a
mast, tree, rope, etc.) with the arms and legs. 2. To
run about iMrrowing money. [Slang, U. 6\]
BhlB'Clt (shTn'gM), r. /. To subject to ihinfUng, M
a mass of iron from the puddling furnace.
Bhln'glM (-g*ls)« *»• [OF. rtngle girth, fr. L. ete^a-
lum frirdle, fr. eingere to gird.] A kind of herpes which
spreads half way around the body like a girdle.
Bhln'frllllC, n. 1. A covering with shingles; shin-
gles, collectively. 2. The ezpelliuff impurities fron
wrouffht iron, etc., by hammering and squeezing.
Staminc (shining), a. 1. Emitting light; radiant.
2. Splendid ; brilliant, a. Smooth and polished.
8yn. — Simmie : Briluaht : Spabklixo ; bright : re-
splendent; effulgent; lustrous; glittering; splendid;
illustrious. — Shining describes the steady emissicii or
reflection of light from a clear or polished surface. ArO-
liarU denotes a shining of great brightness, but with
gleams or flashes. Sptirklin g implies a fitful, intense shin-
ing from radiant points or sparks, daisling the eye.
SlllnlMy (shTn'ny), a. The
players are apt to be struck on tl
of hooky, in which
shin.
Bright ; clear ; \
j'fly (shTn'dy), «. 1. An uproar ; spree ; row.
[SUmp'[ 2. Hockey; shinney.
Shmt (shin), r. t. [imp. & p. p. Shohv (shSn or sh5n)
{archaic Sroibd (shind)) ; p.pr.Jb rb. n. Shikino.] [AS.
teJnan.l 1. To emit rays of light ; to gleam ; to be
glossy. 2. To be eminent or distinguished. ^ n. 1.
Brightness; luster. 2. Sunshine; fair weather. 3. A
liking for a person : a fancy. [Slana, U. S.'\ [fish.
SIllB'mr (shin'Sr), n. That which shines ; a silvery
Shin'i^U (shTii'gU), n. [Norw. singl coarse gravel.
Water-worn, loose gravel and pebbles.
Shin'ffle, n. [L. sdndula; cf. tcindere to split.] 1.
Oblong piece of wood, with one end thinner than th^
other, for covering roofH, etc., the thick ends of one row
overlapping the thin ends of the mw below. 2. Sign for
an office or shop. [Jocoxe^ V. 5.] — r. /. 1. To cover
with shinsrles. 2. To cut (hair) so that the ends are
eyenly ezpoaed all over the head, as shingles on a roof.
Ship (aliTp), n. [AS. sciv.^ 1. A large se
vessel. 2. Vessel having a bowsprit and three
f 1 7 fl«
n#ck PUn of a Ship.
I Pbrt nr Larboard Side t « Sturboord Side : 1 Rntindh<mse or
lh<V IToiine : 2 'IMller ; .t Grating : 4 Wheel < 5 Wheel ChiUns i
A HinnncU* : 7 Mizzenmnrt ; 8 SkvllKht t 9 Caprtan i 10 Maia-
m<«i>t : 1 1 PumpR : IS Galley or Cithnoite t I*) Main lUtchway i
J4 WindlflMj U Forrmant! I« Fore HiitchwfiT t 17 Bltt» t l«
liowvprit i 19 Head Rail : 20 Booms to haal fore tack to 1 11
CatheadH on Port Bow and SUrboard Bow : ti Fors Chsiasi
'/{ .Main Chains t t\ MUzen Cttaina t S5 Stem.
ft, B, 1,0, «, long ; ft, «, I, ft,a, tl abort ; Mnftte, <v«nt, tdea, dbey.fbiite, eftra, ftrm, A8k,«U,fin«L
SHIPBOARD
515
SHORTHAND
(nuimnast, foremaat, and miuenmast), each compowd
of a lower mast, topmast, and toM^lant mant, and
•Quare-rigged on all nuists. — v. /. X J'o put on board
of a abip, or yomoL 2. To commit to any oonToyauce
for transportation. 9. To engage (seamen, etc.) for
serrioe on a ship. 4. To put in its place.— v. i. 1. To
» to serve on a vesseL 2. To embark on a ship.
J (shTpn>5rdO« n. A ship's side ; a ship.
BU^mtW {'txOiV), fu A feUow sailor.
'~"'~"~illt, ». 1. A shipping. 8. Goods shipped.
tt n. One who sends goods, esp. by water.
. ji» ^ *!• Relating to ships. 2. Concerned
in forwardmg goods. — n. 1. Act of one that ships.
2. Vessels, generally ; tonnage.
Bhlp'lllkpd' (-shap^), a. & adv. Arranged in a man-
ner bentting a ship ; trim; tidy; orderly.
Bhto^wndk' (-riSkOi *>. 1. Destruction of a veeeel
by be^ cask ashore or driven against rocks, shoals, etc.
2. A aliip wrecked npon the water ; wreckage. 3. Ruin ;
irretrievable lose. — r. /. 1. To destroy (a ship at sea).
2. To ruin : to wreck.
Ship'wrljlhr (•rit')* n. Builder of ships.
ShlpTfara' (-y^li^Qt **• Place where ships are built.
Shirs (shir or sher ; as mffiz in Eng. -ehSr, in the
V. 8. •shir or -shtr), n. [AS. a€^re^ at^r,1 A county.
Sldlk (shirk), v.t, &i. [Prob. same as 9hark.'\ 1.
To procure by P«tty fraud. 2. To avoid (dutv, etc.). —
n. One who avoids performance of duty or labor.
SllllT (shSr), n. A sewing (cloth ) in parallel runuings.
Shlmd (sMrdX a. L Gathered into a sliirr. 2.
Broken into an earthen dish and baked ; — said of eggs.
Shirt (shSrt), n. [Akin to G. tehurz apron.] Under*
garment for the upper part of the body.
. .._ _ *iioth for making shirts.
rSee Shiavb, n.] 1. Thin piece or
fragment; scide of flax removed by breaking. 2. Flat
cork for stopping a wide-mouthed bottle ; thin bung.
Shtf'tr (sblv'^r), n. [Fr. Shivb.] One of the small
pieces Into which a brittle thing is broken by sudden
violence.>»tr.<. &<. To shatter.
Shtf'er, V. i. [OB. ehirtren^ confused with skiver to
shatter.] To tremble; to qoiver; to shake, as from
cold or fear. — n. A shivering or trembling.
Shtr^OT-Ft a. 1. Tremulous ; shivering. 2. Brittle.
Sh(Ml (shSl), n. [AS. «eofu.] A great multitude as-
sembled ; crowd ; — said esp. of ftsh. — r. i. To throng.
ShOll, a. [Cf. Shallow.] Having little depth ; shal-
low.—m. 1. Aplace where the water of a sea, lake, etc.,
la shiUlow. 2. A sandbank or bar which makes the water
shoaL — V. /. & i. To make or become shallow.
llT i'f)$ ^- ShaUow. — Shoall-MSS, n.
ll (sh9t), n. A young hog ; shote.
ik (ah5k), m. [Cf. OD. schocke^ Q.tehoekh heap,
quantity, threescore.] A pile of sheaves of grain set up
m a field ; a stook. — e. i.Jk i. To collect into shocks.
ShiMk, n, [Cf. D. $ehok bounce, jolt, or leap.] 1. A
lakingfroma*^* "''— ^ • •-■'-
rarment for the upper pi
Shtrri]|f,n. Cloth f
ShiTt (shiv), n. rSee
k blow, collision, etc ; concussion ; violent
lmp\tlse. 2. Sudden agitation. 3. Sudden depression
of the vital forces from some profound impression upon
the nervous system. 4. Convulsion of the muscles caused
by the discharge, through the animal system, of electricity
from a charged body. — v. t. 1. To give a fihork to ; to
cause to shake; to encounter violently. 2. To strike
with surprise, terror, horror, or dismut.
Shook, n. [Cf. Shao.1 L Dog with long hair or shag.
2. Thick mass of bushy hair. — a. Bushy ; shatrgy.
ShOOMng, a. Causing to shake or tremble, e^p. from
iKMTor or disgust ; very offensive. — Shooklng-ly, adv.
" (shSd), imp. & p. p. of Shov.
'or (-dy), n. [Perh. fr. *A«f, v. t. ; as meaning
waste stuff «Ae«r or thrown off.] 1. Fibrous material ob-
tained by ** deviling." or tearing into fibers, refuse woolen
goods, rags, etc. 2. A fabric of inferior quality contain-
ing shoddy. — a. Made of, or containing, shoddy ; sham.
(shSb),!!. [AS. «cdA, MvM.] 1. Aooreringfor
the loot. 2. Anything resembling a shoe in form, posi-
tion, or use ; rim of iron nailed to an animal^s hoof to da>
tend it from injury ; band of iron on the runner of a sleigh,
a brake, etc — e. L [imp. & p. p. Shod (shSd) ; p. pr,
& rh. n. Sbcmoh^I To famish mth shoes: to tip.
ShoolUll' {'hWU n. Large African wadhagblrd.
ShoellUok' (-blSka n. One who polishes shoes.
er (-mSk^fr), n. Maker of shoes and boota.
(sh3n or sh5n), imp. St p. p. of Sbotb.
Shoo (sh55), interj. Begone ! away !
Shook (shdbk), imp. of Shakb.
Shook, n. [Cf. Shock bundle of sheaves.] A set of
staves, boards, or parts, to form one hogshead, barrel,
box, piece of furniture, etc.
Shoot (shSbt), n. [V.ehuie. Confused wiUi'Aoof, v.]
Inclined pUme for diding timber, coal, etc. ; narrow paa>
sage in a stream, where the water rushes rapidly ; chute.
Shoot, V, L limp. & p.p. Shot (shOt) ; p. pr. i: '
SHOomro.] [AS. tcodan.'] L To let fly (an arro
A vb. n.
arrow, bul-
let, etc). ' 2." To discharge (a gun, etc.).' 3. To hit with
a missile ; to kill or wouml with a firearm. 4. To hurl ;
to emit. 6. To project; to protrude. 6. To pass rap-
idly through, over, or under. 7. To color in spots or
peaches. — r. t. 1. To cause a weapon to discharae a
missile 2. To discharge a misdlc 3. To be endtted
or driven. 4. To penetrate 6. To throb in pain. 6.
To germinate ; to bud ; to sprout. 7. To protrude ; to
jut.— n. L A shooting; shot. 2. Toung branch or
growth. 3. Rush of water ; rapid. — ShOOt'tT, n.
Shop (BliSp), M. [AS. sceoppa treasury, storebouae,
stall.] 1. Place where goods are sold by retaiL 2.
Building hi which mechanics work. — v. i. To visit shops
in order to purchase goods. — Shm/pOT (-pSr), n.
Syn. — Store ; warehouse. See Stobb.
fiOloplnop'or (-kSp^r), n. Trader who retails goods.
Shop'llft'or (-ITf fer), n. One who steals from a shop.
Bhm^man (-man), n. 1. Shopkeeper. 2. One who
serves in a shop ; salesman. 3. One who works in a shop.
Shore (sh9r), n. [OE. tehore.'}
Prop placed as a brace against the
side of a building, etc., to prevent
it from ^king or sagging. — >r. I.
To support by shores ; to prop.
Shore, n. [AS. Awre, prob. fr.
seeran, E. shear.] Coast or land
adjacent to an ocean, lake, large Ship on the 9tocka. rap.
river, eto. ported by 8hnre«.
Shoroloos,a. Unlimited; boondlefla.
Shorn (shSm), p. p. of Shsax.
Short (shdrt), a. TAS. eeort,^ 1. Not long ; having
brief length. 2. Inadequate ; scanty. 3. InmifBciently
rvided; lacking. 4. Deficient; defective; imperfect.
Not comprehensive ; narrow. 6. Abrupt ; petulant.
7. Brittle ; crisp. 8. Engaging to deliver (stocks, eto.)
which one does not possess. 9. Not prolonged in utter-
ance ; — opp. to iong^ and applied to vowels or to sylla-
bles. -A. 1. A summary account. 2. p/. The part of
sifted milled grain next finer than bran. 3. pi. Breeches ;
shortolothes. [Slang] 4. A short sound, mrllable, or
vowel, ^'odr. lu a short manner : briefiy ; abruptly.
m short, in f^W words ; in brief ; briefly. — The loag and
the short, the whole ; a brief summing up.
Short'affe, n. Amount of deficiency ; deficit.
ShorfdOthe«'(-kl3thz/ or -kl3z/),f». Trousers readt-
ing only to the knees, — worn with long stockings.
Short'OOm'lllC (-kQm^ng), n. A coming short ; fail-
ure of a crop, etc. ; neglect in performance of duty.
Short'en ((thdrt^), v.U&i. To contract.
Short'OB-lnc, n. 1. A making or becoming short or
shorter. 2. Biitt4>r, lard, eto., to render pastry short.
Shorfhond' (-hSndO, n. Rapid method of writing by
substituting characters or symbols for letters, words,
eto. ; stenography. See Illu9t, under PBOirooBAPHT.
fin, nooBt, 6rb, ryda, fyU, tan^ ftfM, f<^t, out, oU, ohair, so, das, iHh, then, thin.
SHORT-LIVED
516
SHRUO
llMrt^-4lttd' (•hdftniTdO, 0. KotUTingloDff.
WboMfiOdft, L In a short or brief time or uuuiner;
■ooti; qulcUy. fl. In few words; briefly; abruptly; curtly.
llart^>ll, ». A beinf abort ; brevity ; deficiency.
Short'llgkt'M (-df 8d), a. 1. Mot able to eee far ;
nearsighted ; myopic. 8. Of limited forecast or intellect
3. Heedless. — flnftft'iiltUf'ml nOi>. ».
BtatVwMff (-Atop/), n. Phtyer sUtioned in the field
between the second and third bases in basebaU.
Short'-WUid'M (-wTnd'M), a. Affected with short-
ness of breath ; having a qulclL difficult respiration.
ffllOt (sh&t), imp. & p. p, of Bboot.
B&Ol, a. woven in soch a way as to produce an effect
of variegation, of changeable tints, or of being figured.
Shot n. [AS. SCO/, fr. see^n to shoot See Soot a
share.] A share or proportion ; reckoning ; scot
BImI. ». ; pi. Shot or Smotb (shSts). [AS. gesceot mis-
sile. 1 1. A shooting; discharge of a weapon throwing
a missile. 2. Ball or bullet discharged as a proJectUe
' firearms by an explosive ; missile. S. Small glob-
of l€ ' ' ••"• " "
from
iilar
lead, for killing game. 4. Flight of a
^, or distance which it is thrown. 5. A marksman.
«i^ V. f. To load (a gun) with shot.
niOtO (ahOt), n. A young hog ; shoat
8ll<Wlld(ahd8d)t imp. of Shall.
iyn* —See Ought.
8limil'd«r (shln'dSrh n. [AS. icutd&r.] 1. Joint
connecting the fore limb with the bodv; pnHection
formed by bones ana muscles about that Joint. 2. Up-
per part of the back. S. Fore leg of an animal, dressed
for market 4. An abrupt proje^on in machinery, etc.
t^v.t 1. To push or thnut with the shoulder; to jostle.
2. To take upon tlie shoulders ; to assume the burden of.
BhooMsr belt, a belt that passes across the shoulder. —
Shoaldsr blade, iUt bone of the shoulder, to which the
hnmerus is articulated ; scapula. — Skwildsr knot an or-
namental knot of ribbon or lace worn on the shoulder ;
epaulet. — Bhovldsr strap, strap worn on or over the
shoulder ; esp., a narrow strap worn on the shoulder of an
officer, indicating his naval or military nmk.
SllOQt (shout), V. 1. To utter a sudden and loud out-
cry. — V. t. To cry ; to clamor.j— n. ^ Vehement outcry.
push; to
8yn. —Bee Thbust.
I (shfiv), V. t. & i. [AS. scojinn.'] To drive ; io
push ; to iostle. — n. A shoving ; forcible push.
SilOV'Ol (shttv^), fi. [Aa «co;f, MCfoJI; akin to B.
shove.'] Soooplike implement for lifting and throwing
earth, coal, grain^ etc. —v. t. [imp. & p. p. Sbovblsd
(-Id) or Srothllho ; p. pr. A vo. ». Shothlih» or 8Rov-
■LUHO.] To take up, throw, or gather up, as with a
shovel. — 81lOT'tfl-€r, idl0V«14«r, n.
SImw (ah9), V. /. & i. [imp. Snowm (shSd) ; p. p.
Showm (shSn) or Showhd ; p. pr. A rb. n. SROwnm ; also
written *hew^ shewed, *A^im, shewinff."] [AS. scthwian^
to lookt see.] 1. To exhibit or present to view ; to dis-
play. 2. To tell ; to reveal : to direct ; to guide. 3. To
confer; to afford. -^n. 1. A showing: exhibition.
2. That which is brought to view. 3. Parade ; pomp. 4.
Semblance ; appearance. 6. False appearance ; pretext
Shew bin, a sheet containing an advertisement — Bbow
eard, an advertising placard ; card for difmlaying samples.
~ Show ease, a glased case or cabinet for displaying wares,
articles in museums, etc.
SbOWlnrMd' (-brSdO, n. Bread which the Jewisli
priest of the week placed before the Lord in the sanctu-
ary. [Written also »hewbread.\ >
BhoWer (sliS^r), n. One who shows or exhibits.
ihow'er (shou'Jfr), n. [AS. *«fir.] A short fall of rain,
hail, or snow. — r. ^ S: i. To water rnpiouBly ; to rain.
Showsr bath, bath in which water falls upon the bather.
niOW'sr-y, a. 1. Raining in showers. 2. Pert, to
showers.
ShOW^ (shSJ), rt. Making a show : ostentatious ;
gay ; gaudy. — ffliowl-ly, adr. — SllOWl-neu, n.
Syti. — Splendid ; gay ; gaudy : grand ; pompous.
It (ihilak), imp. of I
Sklld (shHM), n. [AS. acreAde; tktn to K. thnmd.]
A long, narrow piece cut or torn off ; atrip ; fragment —
V. t [imp. & p. p. Shud or Srkbodbd (ahrBd'dSd) ; p.
pr. & vb. n. SRsBOOUro.] To cut or tear into amall pwcea.
Shrew (shrn), r. 1. A brawling woman ; acokU 2.
[AS. «cre4imt.] An inaeotivore
resembling mice.
Shrewd (shrnd), a. 1. Art-
ful ; wily. 2. Able in practi-
cal affairs ; sharp-witted ; sa-
gacious. — Shrewdly, adv.
Shrewdness, n.
Broad-nowd Shrtv (jiortc
pJUlgikJMtM),
Syn.— Shbkwd : Saoacioto
subtle : artful ; astute ; acute ,
penetrating. — One who is threvd Is keen to detect errors,
penetrate ditfuises, and guard against selfishness of oth-
ers. ^AretrcTis of less dignity than sagacious^ which im-
plies a comprehensive as well aa penetrating mind.
ShreWllh (shruTfth), o. Like a shrew; acoldmg;
peevish. — fihrew'lsh-ly. adv. — Shrewlsh-BtM, n.
Shrew-mouse' (•moua^), n. A shrew ; burrowing ani-
m^ resembling a mouse.
Snrllh (shrni), v. i. & t. [Same as B. scr^ecA.] To
cry in fright or anguish. — n. Sharp outcry or scream.
ShritT'sl-ty (shrgv'al-ty), n. Office of a sheriff.
Shrilt (shrtfti, ». [AS. nryt^ fr. 9er\fo% to shriva.]
1. A shriving. 2. Confession to a priest, with abaohitkm.
Shrike (shrik), n. [Akin to Icel. slnriJ^] A biid
having a strong hooked bill, many species of which are
inaecuvorous, while others kill mice, small birds, etc
Shrill (shrTl), a. [Akin to G. aehriU.] Acute ; sharp ;
piercing. — Shrilly, adv. — Shrlll'iiess, n.
Bhrimp (shrYmp), n. 1. A amall craatecaeD» resem-
blinff a loDster. 2. A dwarf .
Shrine ((hrin), n. [AS. scHn, fr. L. acrimiiitm boxj
1. A case or receptacle, esp. one for sacred relica. 2.
Plsce or object hallowed from its history or associstlons.
Shrink (shrTQk), r. i. [imp. Srhahk (shrink) or
Shbuhk (ehrlisk) ; 0. p. Shbvkk or SRatrsm (shriink''n);
p. pr. & rb. n. Shhikeiso.] [AS. serincon.) jL To
wrinkle, bend, or curl ; to shrivel ; to gsther together.
2. To withdraw from danger; to recoil. —r. t. To
cause to contract. — n. Bhrmksge ; contraction ; recoil.
Shrink'sse (-tj ; 2), n. 1. A shriukir g ; oontrai tioo.
2. B»lklo8tbyihriiiking> 3. Decreac e in vsloe. [C0//09.]
Sferlre (shriv), v. /. yntp. SnaivaD (shrivd) or Sriotb
(shrSv) ; p. p. Srbivsk (»hrTv'*n) or SnuTBo ; p. pr. St
rb. n. Shriviko.] [AS. *r»f/o».] 1. To hear the confes-
sion of ; to adminieter absolution to. 2. To confess (one*«
self). — f. t. To administer confession snd abedution.
Shrlv'el (»hrTv"l), r. t. & l. [imp. &p.p. SmtrviLKO
(-Md) or Shbtvbllko :p. pr. & rb. n. BHRirxLoiOOT Sskiv-
BLLixa.] To draw into wrinkles ; to shrink.
Shroud (shroud), n. [AS. scrScf garment; akin to loeL
fkrud the shrouds of a ahip, tlie furniture of a church.]
1. That which clothes or protects ; garment. 2. Drass
for the dead ; windhig sheet. 3. p/. Set of ropes str-
ing a shines masta. ^v. t. 1. To cover with a ahroud ;
to dress for the grave. 2. To hide ; to veil.
Shroye (shrSv). imp. of Snairs.
SbrovsSuiday, Quiuquagesima Sunday.— SkroTeTasstey.
the Tuesday following Quinqusgesima Sunday, and pre-
ceding the first day of Lent, or Ash Wednesday.
ShrOFetide' (-tidO, n I>»y* before Ash Wednesday.
Shmh (shrQb), n. [Ar. M^fr, «Atfr6, fr. shariba to
drink.] A liquor composed of vegetsble acid, esp. lemon
juiop, and sugar, with vinegar or Kpirit to preserve it
Shimh, n. [AS. tcrob^ *erolA.'] Small woody plant,
usually with several stems from the same root
ShniVber-y (-bSr-y), n. 1. A collection of shruba.
2. Place where shrubs are planted.
ShmVby, a. 1. Full of shrubs. 2. Like a shrub. ->
ShmVbi-ness (bT-nSs), n.
Shrug (fthrfig), r. t. & i. To draw up or contract (the
fi, 6, 1, 5, tl, long ; it, «, t, ft. It, ^, short ; senftte, Svent, Idea, ftbey, ttnlte, cAre, hrm, dak, f^l, final.
iron
SHRUNKEN 617
«houlders)« «•?• in dislike, dread, doubt, >tc. — ». A
dn^wing up of the shoulders, in diidlke, etc.
Bliniilk'tB (shrfink^'n), p. p. & a. f r. Bhbihk.
B»Ok(ahl|k),n. [Perfa. akin to G. «cAoto shell.] 1. A
ahfU or pod ; outer covering of nuts. 2. Shell of an oys-
ter or dam. [ C 5.1 — r. /. To deprive of shucks.
8MF4if (abfidMer), v. i. [OE. shoderen. ] To trem-
ble or shake with fear, horror, or aversion ; to shiver ;
to quake. ^ n. Tremor. — 9tltllf6m-tag-lfr adv.
Slraffle (shilf'f'l), V. L [Same as scv^.] 1. To
shove one way and the other. 2. To disorder ; to change
the reUitive positions of (cards in a pack). — r. <. 1. To
change the relative position of cards hi a pack. 2. To
change one's position ; to evade auestious ; to prevari-
cate. 3. To move in a slovenly, dragging maimer. — n.
1. A shufflinsr; a mixing confusedly; slovenly motion.
2. Trick ; evasion. — Slmffler, n.
8yn. — To equivocate; quibble; cavil; juggle.
ff^n (shiin), v.LAi. [AS. seuniany teeotiMn.] To
avoid ; to keep clear of ; to escape from ; to eschew.
Syn.— See Avow.
WiWa\ (shRnt). r. t. [Cf . D. sehuinte slope. ] To turn
toooeMe ; to switch off (a train or oar) upou a side track.
— />. 1. A turning off (raihroad cars to a side track, or
an electric current to another switch). — Slmilf tr, »•
Slrat (shOt), v.t.Jtt [AS. BCvUanA X- To close so
as to bimler ingress or egre«& 2. To bar ; to exclude.
2. To fold together ; to close by bringing the parts to-
gether.—a. 1. Closed or fastened. 2. Having the
sound suddenly interrupted by a succeeding consonant,
as the o in hop.
Slmte (shut), «. Shoot ; water trough.
81ltttt«r (shIlt'tSr), n. 1. One that shuto or closes.
2. Movable cover for a window ; blind.
Shttt'tlO (-t*i), ». [AS. aeytteU^ fr. scedtan to shoot. 1
1. Instrument used in weaving to shoot the woof thread
from one side of the cloth to the other between the warp
threads. 2. Sliding thread holder in a sewing m^cliiua.
8luim»«00k'(-k5k0,81iiit'tte-oork'(-kfirk0,>». A
cork stuck with feathers, to be struck by a
battledoor hi play ; game so played.
Shy (shI), a. [Compttr. Shibb (-8r) or
SHTBa ; tuperl. Shiest or Shtsst.] [AS.
»c«4h.^ 1. Euily frightened ; timid. 2.
Reserved ; coy. 3. Wary ; suspicious. — >
V. i. To start suddenly aaidb through fright
or suspicion ; — said esp. of horses. — r. /.
To throw (a stone, etc.) sidewiae with a Shuttlecock.
jerk.— n. 1. A sudden start aside, as by a horse. 2. A
aide fling. — 8)1717, ndv. [Written also »hUy.'\ — Shy'-
OMl, n, [Written also $hinfs.t.'\
Syn.— Reserve; coyness; diffidence. See BASHruuntss.
Shyster (shl'stSr), n. A trickish knave ; mean and
dbhonest lawjrer. [Slang^ U. S.\
81 (aS). [It.] Syllable indicating the note B, or the
seventh tone of any major diatonic scale.
StVl-Unt (sTb^-lont), a, [L. sibUans, 4antU, p. pr.
of HbUare to hiss.] Making a hissing sound ; as, *, z,
«A, and 2A, are tibitnnt elementary sounds. — >n. A sib-
ilant letter. - 8U>'l-laiioe, SiM-Un-cy, n.
8ib'l-lft'tiOII,n. Utterance with a hissing sound; a hiss.
BXb^l (sTi/Tl), n. [Gr. o-i/SvAAo.] 1. A pa^an prophet-
ess. 2. A female fortune teller. — Stb'yi-llne (-Un), a.
II 8I0 («Tk), adv. [L.] Thus; literally.
Sloe {>A% or si«), n. [F. six.l The number f>lx at dice.
SIOk(sTk), a. [AS. «<>^.] 1. Affected with disease ;
ill ; nut in health. See Synonsnn under Illness. 2. Af-
fected with nansea. 3. Disguinted ; 8urfeite«i.
WiA hsadaeha, a variety of headaolie, with niusea.
8yii. — Diseased ; ill ; weak ; ailing ; feeble ; morbid.
Slok'en (sTk'^n), r. t. 1. To make sick ; to disease.
8. To n-iuseftte. ^ r. i. To become sick or disgusted.
SloklB^ a. Somewhat sick or sickening. — Slok'-
lalhly, adv. — Stoidsli-neu, n.
SIGHT
Blonde (sTknin), n. [as. «ieo/ ; aklo to L. teMOo, fr.
teeare to cut.] Reaping hook.
Sickly iAl). a. 1. Somewhat sick ;
attended with disease. 2. Producing, or tending
to, disease. 3. Weak; languid ; pale. 4. Teodinv
to produce nausea; idekmAt^.^adv. In a sick
•• ' ; mT-ackif
manner or condition ;
Syn. — Diseased ; infirm; unhealthy; feeble;
weak; 1 '" '"'"'^
; languid; faint.
Swkls.
SloktieMkn. I. Thebehigsiok; Ulnesa; die-
ease or malady. 2. Nausea ; aualmishnesa.
Syn. — Ulnesa ; disease ; maUdy. See Illxbbs.
Side (aid), n. [AS. ilife.] 1. Margin, edge, verge, or
border of a surface ; longer edge as distinguished from
stiorter edges, called end*; bounding line of a geomet-
rical figure. 2. One of the aurfaoes limiting a solid. 3*
Right or left part of the trunk of the body. 4. Position
of a person or party ; body of advocates or partiaans ;
cause which one maintains against another. — a. X* Pert,
to a side, or the sides ; lateraL 2. Indirect ; IncidentaL
— r. 1 To embrace the opinions of one partv fai oppoet-
tion to another. [ture, to hold diahes, etc. I
SMeHMMtfd' (-bQrdO, n. Piece of dhitng-room fumi-
SMeOlllff (-llug), adv. Sidelong ; laterally ; obUquely ;
askew, —a. Inclining to one side ; sloping.
Sldelonf' {rV6a^).adv, 1. LateraUy; obliquely.
2. On the side. —a. Lateral ; not directly in front
SM'er-el (sid'Jrwii). SUe're-al (st-dyrt-oi), a. fl.
gidereus^ fr. HduSt tiderU^ coustellation, star. J 1. Re-
lating to the stars ; starry ; aatnd. 2. Measured by the
apparent motion of the stars.
Sld'er-ofra-tiiiy (sTd'Sr-Vr^fJ^)* "• [Or. <rtavoc
on + -graphy.j Art of steel engraving ; process of mul-
tiplying facsiiuiles of an engraved steel plate. — Std'eg-O-
gimpblo (-«-grSfTk), SM'er-e-graj^io-iil (-i-knl), a.
Slde'eea'dle (sid's«d'd*l), n. Womau^s saddle, in
which the rider has both feet on one side of the anl»p^l.
Slde'welk' (-wnkOt n. A walk for foot passennrs at
the side of a street or road ; a foot pavement. [(/. 5.]
Slde^aye' (-wiz/), Side'wlae' (-wiio, adr. On or
toward one side ; laterally.
Siding (sidTug), n. 1. Attaching one's self to a party.
2. A side track, as of a railroad ; turnout. 3. Covering
of the outside wall of a frune bouse.
Sl'dle (sl'dl), V. i. To move with one side foremost.
Slego (sSj), n. [OF. ; fr. l*. tedere to sit.] The be-
setting a fortified place to compel its surrender.
Si'e-nlte (sl'S-nlt), n. Syenite.
Sl-enlUI (sT-en'uA^, n. [It. terra di Siena, f r. Siena
in Italy.] Reddish clay used as a pigment.
II Sl-er'rm (st-«r'r&), n. [Sp., prop., a saw, fr. L. »erra
saw.] Ridge of mountains and craggy rocks.
II Sl-eeOe (-Ss'U), n. [80., pn>b. fr. L. »e$sitare to
sit long, freq. of gedere to sit.] A midday nan.
II Slenr (sySr), n. [F., abbr. fr. teifpteur.} Sir; — a
French title of respect.
Store (sTv), n. [AaWfr] 1. utensil for separating
the Aaer and coarser parts of a pulver-
ised substance. 2* A coarse bai^et.
Sift (sift), r. /. [AS. fiftan, fr. *(/•«.]
1. To separate (the fine part from the
coarse) with a sieve. 2. To examine
minutely ; to scrutinise. — Slffer, n.
Slffh (si), r. i. [OE. tighen ; perh. imitative.] 1. To
miUce a deep respiration, esp. in fatigue, exhaustion,
grief, etc. 2. To lament.— r. f. To express by sighs.
— n. A deep and audible inspiration ; a lament.
Sight (Hit), n. [AS. tihi, gt>H/U, fr. root of B. »ee.2
1. A seeing : view. 2. Faculty of vision. 3. Open
view ; space through which vision extends. 4. A spec-
tacle ; show. 6. Instrument nf seeing ; the eye. 6. In-
spection ; examination. 7. Opinion ; judgment. 3* Aper-
ture or point, by which the eye is guided in aiming,
etc. 9. A great quantity or sum. [Now C0//09.]— ff. i*
8i«v«.
fira, recent, 6rb, ryde, f ^ llm, ftfbd, f(A>t, out, oil, eluir, so, das, Ml^ then, UUa.
SIGHTLESS
618
SILVERSMITH
I. Ibgetrightof. 8. Tolookfttthrooghaaight; to Me
•oourately. 3. To apply dghU to ; to adjiut the lighu
of : to direct to by a sight. —v. t To aim.
CHclUaoM (titnSe), a. Wanting tight ; bUnd.
Bmttxnj (aitlj^), a. 1. Pleadng to the tight ; comely.
8. Opeu to sight ; oorspicuous. — cttgkt^-IMMh a.
Blftll*-ltnilg (-eCing), a. Oiveu to seeing sights.
* n. The seeing novelties. ~ SIsllt'HM'Mr, n,
ttgn (un), n, [F. signet L. fiynum.] That by which
anytliing is represented ; miracle ; type ; lettered board
placed upon a oailding or ofBoe to advertise the bushiess
there transacted ; twelfth part of the ecliptic or sodiac ;
diaracter indicating relation of algebraic quantities, or
operation performed upon them ; as, the Hffn -j- (plus) ;
the nyn— -(minus) ; the ngn of division -•-, etc
Sjm. — Token ; mark ; symptom : indication ; typo ;
omen : presage ; manifestation. See Bmw.bm.
»v. /. 1. To represent by a sign; to signify. 2. To
mark with a sign. 3. To affix a dgnature to. 4. Toaa-
sign or convey formally ; — used with atray. ^ v. i. 1.
To make a sign or signaL 8. To write one*s name, in
token of assent, responsibility, obligation, etc.
8IC^ (•Tg'^l)t n. [F., fr. LL. Hgnalet fr. L. tig-
numT] 1. A sign to notify a person of some occurrence,
command, or danger ; watchword. 2. Token ; indica-
tion.^ a. 1. Nouceable; remarkable. 2. Pert, to the
use of sin^l>> — V. f . 1. To communicate (orders, etc.)
by signals. 2. To notify by signals.
8 jn. — Eminent ; memorable ; notable ; conspicuous.
SIC'lial-llt (-Is), V. f. 1. To make signal or eminent ;
to distinguish. 2. To communicate with by a siguaL
8lc'lial-ly« adv. In a signal manner ; eminently.
SlC'lUl-ta-ry (-nA-Ut-rj^), a. Signing ; Joining or shar-
ing in a signature, —n. A signer ; one who subscribes.
BiSlUI'-tlire (-ttlr), n. [F.jT 1. A sign, stamp, or mark
impressed, as by a seaL 2. Name of a person, written
with his own hand ; autograph. 3. Designation of a mu-
sical kev by sharps or fli^ at the beginning of the staff.
ttga'dr (sin'ir), n. One who signs his name.
SlflMt (BTg'nSt), n. [OF.] A seal ; sovereign's seal
for private letters, etc.
SiC-lliflrOailt (sTg-nTf^-kont), a. [L. tignificaMt -^n-
ti*t p. pr. of Hgtiifieare. See Sionitt.I 1. Fitted to sig-
nify something : expressive or suggestive. 2. Deserving
to be considered ; important.— n. Thst which lias sig-
nificance ; a sign ; token ; symbol. — Slff-Blfl-Oftllt-ly,
adv. — Slff -Blfl-Miioe, aff-nlfl-OAil-oy, n.
SIff' lal-ca'tlOII (sTg'nT-n-krshtin), a. 1. A signi-
fying. 2. That which is signified ; meaning which a sign
or token is intended to convey.
8lff-lltf1-ca-tiT» (sTg-nlfT-kA-tTv), a. Significant.
81f^-fy (sTff'nT-fl), v. t. [L. significare ; tignum a
•Ijrn -f 'fteare (In comp.) to make.] 1. To show by a
sign ; to announce ; to express. 2. To mean ; to import.
Syn. — To express ; declare ; utter ; imply ; mean.
SISll'lor (sSn'yir), a. Sir ; Mr. The English form for
theftalian Signor and the Spanish Seflor.
II Sl-fnof Ts^-nyCr'), I! Sl-gno^ (sJ-ny^rt), n. [It.
Bee SsiomoB. J Sir ; Mr. ; — Italian title of address.
llBI-gno'ni(8*-ny5'rA),n. Fit.] Madam; Mrs.
II Si^KllO-rl'IIA (-rS'uA), n. [It] Miss. [ers, etc. I
SiflllMSt' (flin'pSsf ), n. Post supporting a sign, post- 1
BllMloe (silnis), a. [F., fr. L. «tt«n/tum. SeeSiLKxr.]
1. A being silent : absolute stillness. 2. Forbearance
from speech. 3. Secrecy. 4. Calmness ; quiet. 6. Ob-
livion. — inteH. Be silent — r. /. To still ; to hush.
lEUItllt ianent\ a. [L. siient, 4entUt p. pr. of rilere
to be silent] 1 Free from sound or noise; perfectly
Suiet. 2. Kot speaking ; mute ; taciturn ; not talkative.
L Inactive ; calm. 4. Not pronounced ; as, e is tilent
In " fable." — 8ileBt-ly, ndv, — StlOllMiaflB, n.
Syn. — Dumb ; quiet : still. See Mutb, and Tacttubh.
Siaex (sinSks), n. [L.,fiint] SUica, as found in na-
ture, constituting quarts and most sands and sandstones.
). n. [F.; fb
f
Sa^kon-ttta' (sTi'db^f or sTi'd&^t'), %. [F.; Ik:
Etieune de Silhouette^ a French minister
of finance in 1759, who made st*ch por-
traiU.] Profile portrait in bbMsk. — r. t.
To proj^jct upon a background, so as to .
be like a silliouette. *
8ttl-ca (-T-kA), a. [NL., fr. L. gilex,
tiliciSy flint.] Silicon dioxide, constitut-
ing ordinary quarts, and artificially pre-
Cired as a very fine, white, tasteless,
odorous powder. [silicic acid, j cjiw^,.*^
Sil'l-oato (-kit), n. [F.] A salt of | «*»i'>«««*««-
8i-U'0MlUi (bl-lTsl/fis), a. Pert to, containing, or
like, silica. [Written also sHiciout.'\
Bi-Uclo (ITsak), a. Pert, to, derived
from, or resembling, silica ; compounded
with silicon.
fltt'l^e (sTlT-kM), n. [L. «t/iVm/a, dim. of
siliqua pod, husk.] A seed vessel resembling
a siiique, but about as broad as it is long.
Sill-con (-k&u), a. [SeeSiucA.] Anon-
metallic element analogous to carbon, whose
oxide is silica, or common quarts, and is,
next to oxygen, the most abundant element
ol tlie earth's crust Called also silieium.
Sill-qiia Gkw4), n. [L.] Siiique.
8ill41M(sTiakorsMSkO,n. [U nliqua 0.,.^^.
pod or husk, very smaU weight or '"•"'•^
measure.] An elongated seed vessel of two
valves with sutures at either margin, to whkh
the seeds are attached. — SIll-qvOM' (sIKI-
kwSs'),8il'KllOU (sinr-kwOs), a.
Silk (silk), n. [AS. Kolc.] 1. Fine, soft
thread produced bv various caterpillars hi
forming cocoons. 2. Tliread spun, or cloth
woven, from this material. 3. Filiform styles
of the female fiower of maize.
Sliren (sTlk'^n), a. 1. Pert to, made of,
or like, silk. 2. Soft ; tender ; smooth.
Sflk^WOm' (-wfirm'), a. Larvaof any bom-
bycid moth which spins strong silk in coo-
j
i
'i
structing its cocoon before changing to a pupa.
'"'"'"^ . 1. Pert. to. made of, or like, silk;
Covered with soft hairs pn
sericeous. —
Sllk^. 1. 1. Pert. to. made of, or like, a
Siiique tilken. 2. Covered with soft
(oDcnrd). close to the surface, as a leaf ;
Silkineas, n. .
SUl (en), n. [AS. «y/.] Basis of a thUig ; borixontal
piece forming the lower member of a frame, or aupporting
a structure ; threshold ; lowest piece in a window frame.
SilOa-bnb (sTllA-b&b), ». Mixture of wine or cider
with milk, forming a soft curd. [Written also tvltabubA
Sliay, a. [AS. sBiig^ gerf/^. l»*PPy» ««». f'- **«
good fortune.] 1. Weak in intellect; foolish. 2. Un-
wise ; stupid. — Silli-ly. adr. — SilOi-IMW, a.
8yn. — Witless ; shallow ; indiscreet See SmrLB.
lEttlo (Mlt), n. [F.] Airtight pit for packing awiqr
green fodder for winter use. See Exbixjiob.
Silt (sTIt), M. [AS. «#><^ to filter.] Mud or fine earth
deposited from water. » r. /. & i. To choke or obstruct
with silt ; to percolate.
Sil'¥a(sTl'v4), n. ; pi. E. Silvas (-v4s), L. 8iltab(-v8).
[L., a wood, forest J Forest trees of a region ; descrip-
tion of the forest trees of a country. [Written aUo »ylra,'\
Sll'VWt o, [L. «i/ra.1 Pert, to woods or groves;
woody. [Written also sylvan.']
' Sll'Ter, n. [AS. seolfor.] 1. A soft white metal,
used for coin. Jewelry, plate, etc 2. Coin made of silver.
3. Tlie color of silver.— a. 1. Pert to, like, or made
of, silver. 2. Bright ; resplendent ; white. 3. Oiving a
clear, ringing sound. — v. /. To cover with silver ; to
polish, or make hoary, or white, like silver.
Sll'Var-illff, n. A covering metals, wood, paper, glass,
etc., with aUiin film of silver ; film so laid on.
SU'VOr-mith' (-smTthO, a. Worker ui silver.
S, S, I, B. a, kmg ; &, «, 1, 6, 0, t» ahort ; senate, ^vent, tdaa, 6bey, ttnite, c4re, ainn, Ask, »U, flaoL
SILVERY
619
SINUOUS
fl&'Vtr-T (ftTl'TSr-y ), a, 1. Reaeinbliiig tUTer ; bright
8. Covered with tUver. 3. Soft and dear in sound.
1 8lail-A (tTrnt-A), n. [L., ape.] A genua of Quad-
mmana iadoding the orang-outang. — 8uil4Ul. a.JStn.
atml-lar (-ISr), a. [L. nmilU like.] 1. Preoiaely
like. 2. Nearly correapondiug ; having a general Ukwiess.
— 8tBl-lar-lT, adv. - SImi-lan-ty (-utrnr-tj^). n.
8lm1-l« (-11), n, ; pi. SiMXLU (-ISz). [L., fr. timUi*.-}
A iimilitude ; poetical or inuginatire compariaon.
aHBUl-tOte (sT-mna-tud); n. 1. A being similar or
like; reaemhlanoe ; almilarity. 2. Fanciful compariaon ;
aimile. 3. Repreaentation or copy ; facsimile.
8lm1ll«r (•im'mSr), v. i, A t. [Onomatl To boil
gently ; to cook in liquid heated almost to boUlng.
SfavO-nj (-^-nj^)) n. VLL. Hwumia^ f r. Simon Magna.
AeU TiiL] Crime of buying or telling ecclesiastical pre-
ferment. ^8tlB'0-lll'a-6al(sIm'^n!'i-kal), a.
mUn^ fr.
A hot, suffgcating
(sT-m^m'), ) 11. [Ar.^Mmiin, fr. Mtntna to
(*T-m59a0t J poison.]
wind, that blows in Arabia, Syria, etc.
Stnu'par (sTm'pSr), v. i. [Dan., affected* coy.] To
smile in a sUly, affected, or c(mceited manner. — n. A
ooostralned. self-conscious, silly smile ; smirk.
Stm'ple (-P*!)* a. [F., fr. L. timpltu, or simpler^ gen.
timplicis.] 1. Single ; not complex ; uncombined ; not
)unaed. 2. Plain ; unadorned. 3. Mere ; not other
4. Not given to artifice, stratagem, or duplicity ;
; true. 6. Artless; natural; straightforward.
6. Direct; dear; intelUglble. 7. Weak in intellect;
foolish; siUy. 8. Not luxurious; plain. ,9. Humble;
towly. — A. 1. Something not mixed or compounded.
2. A medicinal plant.— Stm'plo-IMM, 8llll-^llol-t7
(-piisnr-ty), n. - stmrply (-piy), ndv.
Bjn.— SiMFLB : SiLLT ; angle ; nnoompounded : mere ;
elementary ; plain ; sincere ; frank ; opan ; credulous ;
foolish. — One who is simpte is sincere, unaffected, and in-
experienced in duplicity, — hence liable to be duped. A
tmy person is ignorant or weak and also self-confident.
Simuicttu is incompatible with duplicity, artfiili
vanity, while siUinesM is oonsisteut with all tiiree.
fltafpU-fy (-plT-ff), V. i. To make simple ; to c jow
an easier jnroceas for doing. — Slm'pll-fl-Ofttloil, n.
8lm'll-lAt* (-tt-ltt), a. [L. timnlare^ -iatum ; akin to
timul at tlie same time, similU like.] Feigned ; pre-
tended. — r. /. Tb counterfeit. — Slm^n-la'DOII, ».
n^mil-Ul'IM^mS (s!'m&l-a'nl-&8}, a. [LL. HmuUim
•ft the SMne time, fr. L. simul.'] Existing, or done, at
the same time. — JSt^imil-Ul'lM-aiUhly , adv.
Bbk (>Tn), n. [AS. synut $pn; akin to L. «orw, aontitf
guilty.] 1. Transgression of the law of Ood ; iniouity.
2. An offense ; misdemeanor. — v. i. 1. To violate divine
law or any rule of duty. 2. To trespass ; to transgress.
Syn. — Iniquity ; wickedness ; wrong. See Ganra.
ttn'il-plmi (sTn'A-pTs'm), n. [Or. o-tvovt^of use of
a mustard blister, f r. vtpawi mustard.] Poultice contain-
ing mustard seed, a powerful irritant.
BlaM (sTns), adv. [OB. tUh^ns, f r. AS. tUfffan after-
ward, then, fr. H8 after, later. 1 1. From a definite )Nut
time nntU now. 2. Before this or now; ago.— prep.
From the time of ; in or during the time subMquent to ;
after. ^ con/. Seeing that; because; considering.
Bta-OtW' (sln-s8r0, a, Qi. tine^t*.} 1. Pure j
mixed. 2. Genuine ; reaL— EHii-oere'-
If, adv. — Sln-omlMM, 8lB-oerl-
[LJ Without.
[Lb tiM -{- cura care, IJL«
n ttlM (sFnt), pr9p. .
8i'iM-oiiro (-kur), n.
cure.] 1. An ecclesiastical benefice without the care of
souls. 2. An office requiring little service.
Sln'ew (sln'll), tu [AS. '«6itt.] 1. A tendon or t
nous tissue. 2. That which supplies strength or power.
»r. /. To knit or strengthen as with sinews.— 8ll^-
•wad (-ttd), a. — Stn'aw-lau, a.
Stn'aw-T (-9), a. 1. Pert, to, consisting of, or like, sin-
ews. 2. Welf braced; nervous; vigorous; firm; tough.
Stntol (sTn^), a. Tainted with sbi ; wicked;
criminal ; unholy. — 8llltlll-lF, adv. — 8llltlll*lieflS, n.
Blag (sTng), V. i. St t. [imp. Suiia (sOng) or Saka
(sing) ; p. p. Suno ; p. pr. & rb. n. Simoimo.] [AS.
giHgan."} x. To utter musical or melodious sounds.
2. To celebrate (something) in poetry. — Btng^, h.
8t]|g«(sTnJ),tf.l. [AB. settgan."] To bum superfidally ;
to scorch. — n. A sUght bum. — Slll'gW (sTn'Jtr), n.
BtnfgiB (tl&'gU). a. [L. tiMffultu, dhn. fr. root hi
simplex simple.] 1. One only; individual; separate.
2. Alone; having no companion. 3. Unmarried. 4.
Unoomponnded ; pure; niunixed. 6. Not deceitful;
sincere. ^ v. t. To select (an individual person or thing)
from among a number ; to separate, —n. A unit.
Stn'cUh^aaA'td (-hind'Sd), a. Having but one hand
or workman ; unasaisted ; alone.
Stn'gto-lliMUrt'td ^hXrt'Sd), a. Free from duplicity.
8lll'gl«-lieflS, n. 1. The being sfaogle. 2. Freedom
* selfish e
from duplicity, or secondary and i
lends; sincerity.
'gij (sTu'gW), adv, 1. Individually ; severaUy.
2. Only ; alone. 3. Without associatea; nngle-handed.
SlllS'lOllf^ (sTng'sSng'), M. 1. Bad singing or poetry.
2. A drawling tone. — a. Drawling ; monotonous.
nn'gn-lar (sTn^gfi-lSr), a. [L. stHgulariut, fr. H$iffu-
/tMsingle.] 1. Existiug by itself; shigle. 2. Bach; hi-
dividuaL 3. Denoting one person or thing ; — opp. t«
dual nadplural. 4. Standing by itself ; tmusual ; strange.
6. Rarely equaled ; eminent ; exceptional. 6. Departing
from general usage ; odd. 7. Being alone ; unique. ^ n.
The sfiigular number, in grammar. — 81lt'cil>lir-Iy, adv,
- 8lii'gii-lan-t7 (-iira-ty), n.
Syn. — Unexampled ; unprecedented ; eminent « ex-
traordinary ; rare ; peculiar ; odd ; eccentric ; fantastic
81llls-t«r (sTuTs-tSr), a. [L.] 1. On the left hand ;
left ; — opp. to dexter^ or right. 2. Unlucky ; hians-
pidous; evil. 3. Wrong; dishonest; corrapt.
Sin'lS-tnnr^Ml (-tT<)r'sal), a. [L. tinistrortut turned
toward the left side ; sinister -f vtrtertf vartere^ rcrram,
voTsum, to turn.] Rising spirally from right to left.
StniS-troilS (-trfis), a. l. Bdng on the left side ; in-
clined to the left. 2. Wrong ; absurd ; perverse.
Sink (sTfik), r. i. [imp. Suhk (sfiQk), or (Savk
(sSQk) ) ; p. p. SuHK iflbs. SuKKBf, — now adj.) ; p. pr.
& vb. n. Sonmio.] [AS. sincan.'\ 1. Tb fall; to d*>
soend lower and lower ; to subside. 2. To enter deeply ;
to penetrate. 3. To be overwhelmed or depressed ; to
I fail in strength; to decay; to decrease; to subside.—
V. t. 1. To cause to sink ; to immerse or submerge.
2. To depress ; to rain irretrievably. 3. To
tyj-s&a-tnn.
" — -. — Hot ^
Syn. — fi<mest ; unf ^ned ; unvar-
niabed : real ; trae ; unaffected ; inarti-
ficial; tnoL ; upright. See Hbaktt.
8lB'0l-Fllt(sfn'Bl-p&t),n. [L.,half
a bead; semi half + caput head.]
Fore part of the head.
8lllt(sln),i». [Lib «l>itw.1 Perpen-
dicular drawn from one extremity of
an arc of a circle to the diameter
drawn through the other extremity.
ad Sine of Are ah
and of Anirle acti ;
db Versed Sioc.
make (a depreiMdon) by digging, cutting, etc
4. To bring low ; to waste. 6. To suppress ;
to ignore.^n. Drain, vessel, etc., for receiv-
ing filthy water, etc. — Sink^MT, n.
Stnleas (sTn'ies), a. Free from sin. —
Slnless-Iy, adv. — Stnlen n—i, n,
Stnlier, n. One who has sinned ; trans-
gressor.
Sln'll-ate (-tt-ftt}, a. [L. sinuare, -ahtm^
to wind, f r. fintM a bend.] Having the margin
altematdy curved inward and outward ; hav-
ing rounoed lobes separated by roimded si-
nuses; sinuous; wavy. —v. {. To bend In
and out ; to be sinuoua.— SlB'V-A'ttOB, n. — I^eaf .
i Sln'o-OM', 8111'tt-oiis, a. - 8l]i'«^«sl-t7 i-Wt-tf), n.
fim, reoMt, 6rb, r^iU, t^ «m, ftfbd, iiibt, ont, oil, ehalr, ^ siii|^, iyk, ^en, tliip,
SINUS
620
SKELETON
on (n'nOB), n. ; p/. L. Sunm, K. Bonmn (-it). [L. ,
carte, folds or boaom of » gurmeut ; b«y. j 1. An opeu-
Ing ; boUow ; iMiidiiig. 2. B^y of the •«• ; recew In the
abore. 3. A bodily oaTity; depruMJoH ; abMeH witb
oolj a ■mall orifloo.
a? («Tp)« v.t.&i, [Akin to AB. tipan to tip, drink.]
To drink in unall quantities ; to nick op.— n. A lip*
pinir; slight taste.
airvaunid'tHn^n. [Or. <rt^r.] 1.
A tube bent Into two legs of unequal
lengtb, for transferring liquid to a lower
level, orer an intermediate elevation, by
pressure of the atmosphere. 2. Tubulw
organ of mollusks, cepbalopods, etc.
Bir (sir), n, [F. sirtj oootr. fr.L. teni^r
an elder, compar. of tenex aged person.l
%, Title prefixed to the Christisn name of
an Rnffllsh knight or baronet. 2. Respect*
f dl title, used m addressing a man.
Sin (rfr), n, [F.] 1. Orig., a lord, or person in au-
tbori^. 2. A title used in addressing a aorerelgn. 8. A
father. 4. Male parent of a beast, — esp. of a horse. —
V, t. To beget ; — used esp. of stallions.
Si'na (el'rSn), n. [Or. vttpijv.'^ 1. One of the three
fabled sea nrmphs, whose singing lured mariners to de-
struction. 2. An entioUig, dangerons woman. 2. An
amphibian destitute of hind legs. 2. A fog bonu^a.
Pert, to a siren ; fascinating ; alluring.
Sll^lUl (sTr^-CU), n, [L., fr. Or. leipioc, properly,
scorching.] The Dog Star. [of beef. I
Miaam' (sSrOoln'), ». [Corrtip. of mrtoin.] A loin)
Str'liailM^ (-nIroO, n. Surname.
St-roCoo (sT-r6kOtt), n. [It. : Ar. thorug,} An op-
pressive, relaxing wina from the libyan deserts.
Sffnll (•Tr'ri), n. ilotH Aru, tr, F. tire. See 8zm.]
I^rm of address used In anger, contempt, reproach, etc.
} (sTr'fip), Syr'lip, n. [F. $irop, fr. Ar. sharab a
offee,8m]pJ
drink, wine, coil
1. Juice of fruits, herbs, etc.,
unuA, wufc, wuo«, MuUIKj a* «uiwui iruii*, uvrua* cm:.,
boiled with sugar. 2. Saturated solution of sugar and
water, sometimes medicated. —8tr^p>y, Syr^P-T. a.
SlBldll (sTsHcTu), n. [Dan. «(«^m.] AsmaUfluch.
8isl«r (sTs'tSr), n. [AS. 9wto9tor^ ncutter ; akin to
L. tororJ] 1. A female bom of the same parents with
another person. 2. Woman oloeelv associated with an-
other person. In the same faith, soaety, order, etc.
Slu^-hooa (-hOSd), n. 1. State or relation of a sis-
tar ; oflHoe or dutv of a sister. 2. A society of women
united in one faith or order ; sisters, oollertlvely.
8iftt«r-tah-law' (-Tn-l}^), n. Sister of one's husband
or wife \ wife of one's brother.
SllKtir-ly, a. like a sister : afTectionate.
fit (iTt), V. i. [imp. Bat (sit) (Bati ( at, rarely sit),
archaic) ; p. p. Bat (Brrrtit (sTt't'n), oh».) ;p.pr. A rfe.
11. Brmwo.] [AS. gittan ; akin to L. tedere. Or. t^t^Bai.']
1. To rest upon the haunches. 2. To perch, as birfls do,
on a branch, pole, etc. 2. To rest ; to abide. 4. To ll«>>,
rest, press, or weigh. 6. To be adjusted ; to fit. 6. To
cover and warm eggs for hatching, as n fowl. 7. To oc-
cupy a place or sent as member of an oflBcixl body. 8. To
hold a session. — r. /. 1. To sit upon (n horse, etc.). 2.
To fnmiBh a seat to (one's self ). — Slt'tor, n.
Sit* (^t), n. [L. #t7ttf, fr. tinere to IK, p. p. Hint
pliced, situate.] Plnoe where anything Is fixed ; situation.
Blfttnf, a. Being in the state or position of one that
nits. ^ n. 1. State or posture of one who oocnpiPB a seat.
2. A Beat in a church, theater, etc. 3. Act or time of sit-
tlnir. 4- A session. 6. A broodimr over eff^s for hatching.
BIf 11-Ate (BTt'fi4t ; 40), 1 a. [LL. Hlwttu*, f r. jHhtare
nt'«-A'tM {*tM), I to place, fr. L. mUu*.] 1.
Having a Mte ; locat<>d. 2. Placed ; residing.
SIVQ-AtlOll, n. 1. Manner in which an object in nltn-
ated ; location : site. 2. Relative position : rlrcumAtinres.
3. Permanent nosltion or employment ; pHce : nffl.«<».
Byn. — Position ; station ; po«t ; case. Bee Btatb.
tam' (arts' bAtb^). IQ. tittbad-l Tlib in which
one batiies in a sitting posture ; hip bath.
BlZ (sTks), a. [AS. ; akin to O. seeks, loeL, 8w., Dan.,
A L. sex. Or. jt^.] One more than five ; twice three.— «.
1. The number greater by aunit than five ; six nnlte or
objects. 2. Symbol representing six units, as 6, vi. , or VL
BUIOUK (-fSldO* a. [AS. Hr/eaid.} Six times n-
peated ; six times as much or as many.
BlM^VnM (-pens), n. ; pi. Sixnwcn {-tit). English
silver coin worth six pemiies ; hall a shilling.
BISlMn' (-tina a. [AS. siclMe, sixtfne. See Sn
and Tbn.] Six and ten ; fifteen and one more. — m. 1.
Number greater by a unit than fiftein ; sum of ten aud
six ; sixteen unlU or objects. 2. Symbol repreeeuting
sixteen onlts, as 16, or xvi.
BirtMntll' (-tSnthO, o. 1. Sixth after the tenth ;
uext after the fifteenth. 2. Beinr one of sixteen eqnal
parte into wliich anything is divided.—
It. 1. Quotient of a mdt divided by [
sixtf'en ; one of sixteen equal parts. I
2. The next in order after the fif- _
teenth. 8. A mtistcal interval com- Slztaenth Notes,
prising two octaves and a second.
Blzth (sTksth), a. [Gf. AS. *urt*r, siezfa.^ 1. Next In
order after the fifth. 2. Constituting one of dx equal
partM into which anything is divided.— n. 1. Qootient
of a unit divided by six ; one of six equal parts forming a
whole. 2. The next in order after Uie fifth. 8. Musical
interval embracing six diatonic degrees of the scale.
ttStliay, «<f P. In the sixth place.
8li^-etll (sTks'tT-etii), a. let. AS. sixiiogotfa,^ 1.
Next in order alter the tUty-uiuth. 2. CousUtucing one of
sixty equal parts into which anvthing is dividd. •*>».
1. Quotient of a unit divided by sixty ; one of sixty equal
parts. 2. The next in order after Uie fifty-ninth.
BlZtir (-tf), a. [AS. siextig.} Six times ten ; three-
score. — n. X Sum of six times ten : sixty units. 2. Sym-
bol representbg sixty units, as €0, Ix., or LX.
BlS'able (Hiz'4-b'l), a. Of considersble bulk.
Bl'iar (si'zSr), n. Student in the university of Cam-
bridge (Eng.) or Dublin, who, having passed a certain
examination, is exemptea from paying college charges.
BlM(sis),n. [SeeSiCB.] Six.
BlM, n. [Olt. sisa glue used by painters, fr. oMnM^
tt. auidere to place, L. assidere; ad -f Hdere to sit
down.l 1. Thin, weak glue. 2. Any viscous substance ;
vamlsn. ^ r. /. To cover with sixe ; to prepare with sise.
BlMt «». FAbbr. fr. omse.] 1. Extent of volume;
bulk. 2. Relative measure of dimension, as for shoes,
gloves, etc. ^r. /. To arrange according to aixe.
Syn. — Dimension ; largeness ; greatness ; msfnitode.
Bll'llIB, M. 1. A covering or treating with sise. 2.
Weak glue ; sise. [ing anything to a certain sise. I
BlsdllBt n. A sorting with respect to sise, or bring- 1
BlS'7(»!x^), a, Sizelike ; viscous ; glutinous.
Bll'dt (sTs'il), V. i. To make a hissing sound. -•fi.
A hissing sound, ss of something frying over a fire.
Bkate (skit), n. [D.
gchaaU.I A metallic runner
(or small wheels) with a frame
shaped to fit the sole of a shoe,
for moring rapidly on Ice, etc ^^^ ^^^ ^, ^^^
^r. f. To move on skates.
Bkate, n. [Icel. ikata ; cf. L. tquatuM.'} L*rge, flat
flsh 01 the ray kind, haviug a long, uleuder Uil, and large
pectoral fins united to tliti sid*4 of t;ie body simI head.
Utat'ar (skafSr), n. 1. One who skates. 2. Hemlp-
terous insect having long lefrs, and running rapidly over
the surface of the water, as if skating.
Bk»-4Ad'aie (Rk#-''iMM'l), r. i. To flee in panic: to
run sway. [Slnng, V. 5.] [thr«Ml, eie. I
Bk^in («VSnV n. (OF. epcn^pn^^ Kno«ofyam,|
Bkel'«-tal (skSl'^-tU), lu Pert, to the skeleton.
I BlMi'e-ton (hkei't-tfiu), fi. [Or ainktHv (sc 9mm)
1, 8, 1, 0, fl, long ; O, 6, 1, 6, 0, j^, short ; sanftte, 8vent, tdaa, 6bey, Onite, c4re, llrin, Ask, hH, flnoL
SKEPTIC
621
SKYLARKING
cheat.
dried body, mummy, fr. 9KcAA«iy to dry, p«rch.] 1.
Buny and cartUaginou* framework of an aniuiaL 2.
Kramefirork of auything ; outline of a literary produc-
tion, •-a. Consisting of, or like, a skeleton ; cout»iiktiiig
merely of the framework or outliuea.
flkapOlo (skBp'tTk), n, ran VK^wr^
Ik trtiftt iiH|i]iT«<r aft^r Jarjtji or PtiN-m*.
fl. l>tnibter ba to wbnthL^r any f Avt vtR _-
bt ctrtAftUy kutiiim* 3. Oti« wko U^Mbu »
tb# etlititviif^fr of OiMf truth or rt^reln-
ti>ni, Of ^liriiiH uriitlrinf lU^t €lirl-,tlaii
81t»ini ctBm, fi-
tST'Thfn^ isrnrr|j! ftrr tjftffn wrEttnn
Hfttf- InflLtfll;imtMaci'r<r; ilnubtor.
SllvtolX ( '^kMv h u n. [ n. ir^^f^ f r. i f ,
*f-hii2fi a, ekpt^'h, iipliUiii.] All oiitiiiiH
or flTrf muffh -Irnujtltt of nuy d^^^iifU*
^Hfii. -HitgTCH: OiTTiJTnf; PausiSA-
•cniiifi t(!(Mi« OT I pi, 'tun?, A. iketrh tit! i up
XhAmtihtt^ it) piTt,ffi\iiii^^iru\Hit^jii -rfi,
eouTflyiilE iiu iuiperfr<"t i^lea. A ttfti>t^
eo/^i^n jcalfi^ia Out tli * iiiiTe «trib(jiitf
|lHlllD«lflf tll^ rtii'tUi'^N HJUl fll]tll4hL'SA
DQn&aptloii of tfcii^ wliul^,
«^T. /^ L Thj inake M roii|B;li clrarii^lit
of- 2, Tt ]»ltiu [liiVF>ru]ir!<*tn.
Bkatoll'r (-!>< 'J- Like a Bk't li,.
Sk« WAT i ik D'if ) , JJ . [ Prn tbn of B wi iC
Oriiflii^] l^iii fcir f juitf iilu^ mL«itln rurm.
Skid < »lc1 '1 >, fi . [Icel. *Jt7.t Ulllr t of
WrKHl . ] 1. BhDA or t!lA»(( plAL'vd i iti ' ] «^r n
wagon wti*iel to prpvi-ut Jta tikriifi>tr
irbi<a de^jtcenrllng n bllt ; 'Irag. 3. Tiia-
b«r itwwl Alt a aniaprirtt or to fffO^iirf!
preuiirit. — r. /. To i^bnctE, proteetjor
■uppitrf^ with akVJA ; to tmu^e tu iH' fta
On tkkd^. f#mill, LiEfht l>oat.
flkltl Mttn, n. [F. f4i/ri{f.] A
Bkfl'tnl \ *k\Vl^). fi. Bk i lUui.
Bkm ( i^kT L ), 4 . [ lofL itif a d mt i tii?-
tioii^ dii'vriiiDQnt ; nkln tQ il-Lfj\i to
Mporat^, rllithiifuiflih.] fp-iinlli^r knmr]-
eili^K of ^Miy art ot wt^iii^f^i withi1t?it^;r^
Ity (ij (^iL?cutl'in or Ln appli'^ntiu^ ^*^
Sr%c\\ci\.% mirrinw>>L, — gkUlfldi SUU^-
Syn*-^kiu,i rinirK'trTT; .Vnajirr- „ , ^ . ,. . i- . ti
limliU p kiio w l^^'iKP sri I ■ t . h i t M r M ,,, J i , ^ M h t icl^ , ^ i <■ ^^sc a1 w
C:SCN>utlon . A'hf^ifti^^ i li v r jI t - n L h n « j i i i <
Imaif^e vlth if^^iftiftf^ 3.u-\ >lL!t.«t ^ rrdiii
It !w Em]4yin^ i ^'ic^thI (vlllty nt
niovcrapiit llt^'^|>^*^u^My in (itnlVini'** nf
Skplfti^n -if a >Un,
.iird.T rUiHit^
: i MumrrMM ] ^ T iiitl-
i/ H^.m ■ Hi r\\\n {
Inrnr*'*: r K<'l]nir! r J^tij-Dll S
TihiB I *.■ I'lPuita 1 1' Tiirw# I H ai*!*-
Skillet (tkT I'll n« n. [L, nnitrfht,^\im,t>fjtmifjillH\u] ] h^^<^f^ r^lnuily 2. A helnif;t-Ah'\ped flower.
(skTn), n. [loel. <iNnn.] 1. External corerhiff
of au animal body. 2. Hide ; pelt. 8. Bark or husk of
a plant or fruit. » r. t. 1. To flay ; to peel. 8. To cover
with skin, or siiperflcially. 3. To striu of property ,* to
f-S/ano] — V. i. To be covered with akin.
Skln'-dotp' (skTuMSp"), a. Not
deeper than the skfai.
wnfUnt' (-flTnt/), n. A penurious
person ; miser. [very thin skin. I
Sklnleas, a. Having no skin, or a|
Sklll'liar, n. 1. One who skins. 2.
Dealer in skins, pelts, or hides.
^ Skill'ny (-nj^), <7. Consisting of skhi;
^ wanting flesh.— SklB'lll-lieM, n.
** Skip (skTp), r. i. 1. To leap lightly ;
to bound. 2. To pass by, or overlook,
portions of a thing. •- r. /. 1. To leap
lightly over. 2. To omit. « n. 1. A
light leap. 2. Omission of a part. 3.
Passage from one musical sound to an-
other by more than a degree at once.
Sklp'per.n. 1. One that skips. 2.
A clipese niaegofc. 3. A small butterfly
of short, jerking flight.
Sklpi»er,n, [D. »rAi>/;«-.] Master
of a small vessel.
Sklr'Dlisli (skSr^Tsh), v. i. TOP. et-
kermir to fence, flght.] To fight in small
parties. ^ n. A combat between small
bodiea of troops.— SUrfOliih-er, n.
Skirt (skSrt), n. [Cf. Icel. tkjfrtn
sliirt, 8w. fkbrt skirt.] 1. Lower and
loose part of a coat, dress, etc. 2. Bor-
r ; margin. 3. A petticoat. ^ v. t,
_ To cover with a skirt ; to surround.
2. To run along the edge of.*«r. i.
To be on the border or extremity.
Skit (skTt), f. t. [Prov. E., to slide,
as adj., hasty.] To cast refle<*tions on ;
to asperse. [Pror. E'ng. & Scot.]^n.
A reflection ; Jeer or gibe ; brief satire ;
squib.
Skit^tilh. a. 1. Easily frightened ;
shy. 2. Wanton ; restive. — Skit'-
tiAh-ly, adv. - SkitliflhneM, n.
Skitmes (-tnz), n. pi. English game
like ninepins, played by tiirowing
wooden disks at the pins.
Ski'rer (skl'vJrV n. 1. Inferior
leather, mnde of split sheepskin, tanned
by immersion in snmar, and dyed. 2.
Tool or machine for splitting leather,
sheepskinp, etc.
Skulk (ftknik), r. f. [Cf. Dan. skulke
to play truant.] To iiide, or get out of
the way, sneakingly ; to lurk.
Skoll (Kkai), n. [Akin to Sw. sknlle
skull.] Skeleton of tlte head, iuclud-
ing the brain caee, or cranium, and
bones and cartilages of the lace and
mouth. B«e Tllfuts. of Facial anglet
and of Skelflnn.
81nill'cat>', n. 1. A cap fitting the
Skim rkltn), iL r a y. [a, }^w. *i,vmutn to iiiirktrhn]
\* I'u rl4^ar (a ]ii|yi»l> Jrt^iti ih'ilim, 2. 'X^ tjikt^ t^tl \*y
akltum Jiif , 3. T<» piMH near t h«< *ti J f (Ari" n L 4- 1'u r i;m 1 1 i iim
■lifNsTflriiiny Awl ffi^'i'My. — 'T. Skrinrn'riL' ; ^kiTun.ril.
the terns, that skims small tihli from the water.
Skim'lldaCi **• 1* Act of one who skims. 2. That
which is skimmed from the surface of a lionid.
I (skTmp), V. /. Toslight. — rt. Boanty.
Sfeaak i-lsHnk), n. [Anier. Indian sfgnnht.^ An
hmrr\i*%n ii™.i-iti%orp allied to the weasels, and having two
pbiii1« frr^ii n liich it can ejeot an extremely fetid liquid.
Sky { ^^li. ► I. n, [AS. scnn, fcutra^ shadow.l 1. The ap-
pur" lit nn-f-Ji if heaven ; the firmament. 2. Tlie weather.
Sky^'Ugli (-hiO, adv. & a. Very high. [Collog.]
SkyaArk" (-IKrkO, n. A European and Asiatic lark
thnt mounts and sings as it flies.
Skylark'inf , n. A nmnine about a shipS rigging in
sport ; frolicking ; sporting ; carotising. [C0//07.]
fSm, reo«Dt, 6rb, r^de, f^ ftm, food, ftfbt, oat, oil, chair, so, sins, iQk, then, Uiin.
SKYLIGHT
622
SLEEPER
SkyOlghr (akimtO, n. A window In a roof, oeUing.
or ■hip's deck, to admit light from above.
BkrXOOk'tt (-r8k'6t), n, A rocket that agenda hlRh
and bumfl aa it fliea. [next abore the royal. I
Sky'Mll (dd'ail ; hy teamen tkVt'l), n. The mU eat |
flky'wara (-w8rd), a. & adv. Toward the aky.
Sum (alXb), n. [Of uncertain origin. ] 1. A thin piece
of anything, esp. of stone. 8. Oatsi& piece of a sawed log.
SlablMr (slSbOiSr or sUO/-)* f • ^ [Akin to D. slabbem,
Icrl. Mlq/ra.) To let saliva fall from the mouth, like a
child or idiot ; to drirel ; to drool. — n. Spittle ; saliva.
Slaok (sUk), n. Small coal ; coal dust ; culm.
SlAOk, a. [AS. iieae.'} 1. Lax ; not tense. 2. Weak ;
not holding fast. 3. Remiss ; not using due care. 4. Not
violent or pressing ; eaay. — ». Part of a rope hanging
loose, having no strain upon it. — SUok, SUok^y, adr,
■l(sl«k), \p.i,iii, Toloosen;toreUx; tore-
^_„ ._C'eB (-'n), ) tard : to cease ; to sUke.
SUff (slis)* M. [8w. tlagg,'] 1. Dross of a metal ;
▼itrifled cinders. 8. Scoria of a volcano.
SUks (slSk), V. I. [AS. sUaeian, fr. tleac skck.]
1. To allay ; to quench. S. To mix (lime, etc.) with wa-
ter, so that a true chemical combination shall take place ;
toalack. — V. {. To go out ; to become extinct.
sum (slim), V. f. To shut violently ; to bang. — r. i.
To come against something with sudden shock and noiae.
^ n. Shock and noise produced in slamming.
SUun'-lMUlf (•bing'), adv. Very noisily or violently.
SUm'der (slSn'dSr), n. [OF. eseUmdre, fr. L. tcandw-
/«m, Or. 9KavlaXo¥ snare, offense, soa^daL] A false
report maliciously uttered ; defamation. — r. /. To de-
fame : to calumniate.— 81a]l'd«r-«r, ».— Slaa'dMr-OIUI,
a. — BUll'd«r-Ollft-ly, adv. — SlAB'dtr-OIIS-lMM, n.
Sirn. — To defame ; malign ; belie. See Aspbbsb.
Sunc (sling), fi. [Said to be of Gypsy origin.] Low,
vulgar, unauthorised language ; Jargon of aoroe particu-
lar class in society ; popular cant. — SlttDC^, o.
sunt (slAnt), v.i.&L [Cf. Sw. slinta to slide.] To
turn from a right line or level ; to slope. ^ n. A slope.
— a. Sloping. — SUuitlllg-ly, adv.
Slap (slip), n. [OE. siappe.'] A blow with the open
hand, or something broad, —v. /. To strike with some-
thing broad. » adv. With a sudden and violent blow ;
Instantly; directly. IColhq.l
SUi^^BMlh' i-^Mi'), adv. 1. In a bold, careless man-
ner: at random. 2. With a slap; all at once. [Co/too.]
SUp^aok' (-JIkO, n. A flapjack ; griddlecake.
8Uudl(»lKsh),v./.&{. [OV.esdarhiertohnmk.l To
cut by striking violently and at random ; to cut in long
slits.— n. 1. Long cut; cut made at random. 2. Slit
In a garment, showing the lining through the openings.
Slat (slSt), n. Thin, narrow strip of wood or metal.
SUte (slat), n. [OF. esdat splinter, fr. esdater to shiv-
er.] 1. Argillaceous rock which splits into thin plates.
2. Prepared piece of such stone, for rooflng houses, or
for writing upon. 9. A list of political candidates, or pro-
gramme of action . [ Can/, tf. 5. ] — r. /. 1. To cover with
uate. 2. To register (as on a slate and subject to re-
vision) for an appointment. [Polit. Can(] — SUt'ar, n.
SUt'lnc, n. 1. A covering with slates; work of a
alater. 2. 8Ia^e«, nollectively ; material for elating.
SUtttern (slitt'tSrn), n. A woman negligent of her
dress or houMe. ^a. Sluttish. — SUtttem-ly, a. & adv.
SUfy (Alafj^). a. Like slate ; composed of thin par-
allel plates, capable of beintr split.
SUnch'ter {a^tZr),n. [Icel.«/a/r slain flesh.] A kill-
Ing ; bloodv or wanton destruction of life ; carnage ; kill-
ing beasts for market. — v. t. 1. To slay. 2. To butcher ;
to kill beaAts for the mark«'t. — SUnffll'tflr-er, n.
Syn.— Carnage ; massacre ; butchery ; murder ; havoc.
ffiattgh'ter-hOllM' (-hous^), n. Place where beasts
are butchered for the market.
SlaT («lKv or sISv), n. [OSlav. $lovo a word, tlnra
fame.] One of a race of Eastern Europe, including the
Rusalaiis, BulgariaDS, Rouroaniana, Polas, Csecha, Slo-
vaks, etc. [written slao 8lave^ and 8eiaT.^
8UlT» (sliv), n. [O. Marty fr. the natioiial i
-noio'er;, n. une wno noi<is suvea.
), H. 1. A vessel engaged in the slav*
ptged in buying and seTling slavea.
•), r. i. [Of. Icel. dqfra, E. sfab&er.]
the Slavoniana, frequently made slaves bv tbeOermaaa.]
1. One held in bondage to another. SL One who has
lost power of resistance ; one who sorrenders himaelf to
passion, to lust, strong drink, ambition, etc 3. A dmdga ;
wretch. — r. <. To drudse ; to toU.
Syn. — Bood servant; bondman; bondalave:oapCiv«;
henchman ; vassal ; dependent ; drudge. See Snr. '
BiacwfhlAt'm (-hSld^Sr), n. One who holds sUvea.
8UlT'«r(sliv'Sr),H. I -
trade. 2. One engaged i
mxTm (sliver), r. i, ^
1. To suffer spittle, etc., to run from the mouth. 2. To
be besmeared with aaliva. — r. /. To smear with salivm.
— n. Saliva driveling from the mouth. — SUv'tr-tf, ».
8UlT'«r-y (sliv'Sr-j^), n. 1. Conditkm of a felave;
subjection to auother*a will. 2. The holding slavea.
Syn. — Bondage ; servitude ; captivity ; vassalage.
8UlT^(slIvmcorsl&vmi),a. Slavonic— n. Groap
of allied languages spoken by the Slava.
SUTiah IslivTwh}, a. Pert, to sUves ; servile ; la-
borious. — 8lATiall4y, a<fr. — SUTlgll-lMM, «.
SU-TO^-aa (sUpvynT-on), a. 1. Pert, to SUvonla,
or lU inhabitants. 2. Ptort. to the Slavs, or their lan-
guage. — ••. A SUv. — SlA-TOIllo (-vSuTk), a,
mm (slfi), n. [D. 9la, oontr. fr. rnladeJ] SUoed
cabbage served aa a salad, cooked or uncooked.
Slay (sli), V. t. ^ [imp. Sutw (idn) ; o. p. Sijmi (sOn) ;
p. pT. & vb. H. Slatdio.]
sl^.] To^ut to death
no.] [AS. Me6n to strike, beat,
; tokill; todeatroy.— Slay'ar,*.
To kill ; murder ; slaughter ; butcher.
(slSv), n, [CL Dan. «2o<r » knot kK>p.] SUk
notyet twisted. — r. /. To separate (threada).
Slaa'fty (slS'sj^), a. [Cf. O. $chleU»ig worn thread-
bare, fr. tehUisten to slit, split] Thin ; flimqr. [Bpelt
also siatv.l — Slaa'll-lMaa, n. .
81«d(slM),fi. [Akin to D. «/»f^, and B. «Kiie.1 Ve-
hicle on runners, for conveying loads, or for sUding. on
snow or Ice. — r. /. To convey or traxuport on a sled.
SladfO (sl6j), fi. 1. Strong vehicle with or without
low runners or wheels, often made of
plank turned up at one end, for trans-
porting loads upon the snow, ice, or bare
ground; a sled. 2. A hurdle. 3. A
sleigh. 4. A game at carda; — called
also old sledge^ and all/our*.^^. CAt.
To travel or ccm-
vey In aledgea.
Sledf a, H.
[AS. ilecge, fr.
ile6n to strike,
beat.] HeavT
hammer, usual- i
ly wielded with
both hands ; —
called also «fetf^
hammer.
Slatk (slSk), a. TAkin to loel. tttkr to gUde, D. aiik,
tlijkt mud, slime] 1. Having an even, smooth snrftM«;
smooth ; glossy. 2. Not rough or harsh, ^adv. With
ease and dexterity. [Loic] — r. I. To make smooth ;
to smooth over. — Sleekly, adv. — Sleeli^neaa, n.
Sleep (sWp), V. i, [imp. » p. p. Slept (sWpt) ; p. pr.
& vb. n. bLBBPno.] [AS. $lBpan.] 1. To take rest by
suspending exercise of the body and mind ; to alumber.
2. To be dead; to be quiet; to lie dormant.— ». A
natural and periodical suspension of the functions at the
orgnns of sense and of voluntary activi^.
Syn. — Slumber; repose; rest; nap; doze; drowse.
Sleepier, n, 1. One who sleeps ; a slumberer ; droot ;
lazy person. 2. A sleeping car. (Cottoq, U. 8.)
Sleepier, n. [Cf. Norw. sleip sleeper (timber) ; adj..
Laplander** Sledge.
ft, «, 1,3, fl,long ; ft, «, 1, A,a, t» •hort; SMUtte, avent. Idea, 6bey, finite, c^re, iirm, Aak, §11, fln«L
SLEEPILY
623
SLOGAN
dtppetyt mooth.] Something lying In a reolhdng poe-
tare or position ; piece of timber, atone, or iron, to tup-
pmrt some eoperatracture, to ateedy framework, to keep
m j^ace the ndla of a railway, etc ; a atringpiece.
Blttpl-ly (alSp^-l^). adv. In a aleepy manner.
BlMpl-IIMMii »• A bekifr sleepy ; drowatneaa.
SlamlllC a, itn. from Slbbp.
Wiililai car, a railroad car having bertha for aleeping. —
Baaplaff partaar, a dormant o^ ailent partner.
BlMptMS, a. 1. Haring no aleep ; wakef nL 2. Hav-
faigno reat ; perpetually agitated. — BiMplMSfly , adv.
BlMp^av«r(-wik'er),fi. One in a atate of magnetic
or meemeric aleep. — SlatP'wak'llIC, n,
BlMP'Walk'Mr (-wj^'Sr}. n. One who walka in hia
aleep ; a aomnambuliat. — Slatp^walk'llIC, m.
SUtp^ (-f), a. CAS. *lMp{g.\ 1. Drowqr; inclined
to aleep. fl. Tending to induce deep. 3. Dull; lasy.
SiMt (alSt), n. rps. sleet.} HaU or anow, mingled
with rain.^r. i. To anow or hail with a mixture of
(alSv), n. [AS. j/^e, stSfe.} 1. The part of a
garment which covers the arm. 2. A tubular part made
to cover another part, or connect two parte in machinery,
etc ^ V. t. To f urniah with aleevee.
Stalgll (all), n.
[Of. D. sUsde, loeL
aeSi. SeeSLEO.] A
vehicle on runners,
for tranqwrting per-
sona or goods onanow
oriee.
aidgbMBf, fi.
1. A riding in a
aleigh. 2. State of
the anow or ice
which admita of a,^^
running aleigha. Blelgb.
Slilght (alit), n. [Icel. ttmgff cunning.] An artful
ick-dnterity ; skilL
legerdemain; prestidigitation.
(alBo'dSr), a. [OD. sUnder.] 1. Small or
narrow in proportion to length or height ; alim. 2. Weak ;
feeble; aUffht. 3. Moderate; trivial 4. Inadequate;
meeger; pitifaL 6. Spare; abatemious; frugal; aa, a
tiender diet 6. Uttered with a thin toae;^opp. of
hroad> ~8l«Fd«r-ly, adp.Simf6n'nmm, n,
BL&fH (alfipt), imp. A p. p. of Sleep.
81«lltll(arath},fi. iIoeld9&.X The track of man or
beast aa followed b^ the acent. (Scot. ]
Sltntllfliaillld' C-hound'), n. A hound that tracka an-
imala by acent ; bloodhound.
81tW (alu), imp. of Slat.
8l0T (all)* *»• [AS. «W, fr. sleAn to atrike.] A weaver's
reed. — «. t To aeparate the threada of, and arrange them
inareed.
gllM (alia), n. [OF. ewliee, fr. esdicier to break to
pieoea : ol German origin.] Thin, broad piece cut off. —
r. r. 1. Tb cut into thin pieces, or to cut off a thin,
broad piece from. 2. To divide.
81lok(alIk),tf. Sleek;Bmooth.*r.l. Tomakealeek
or amootn. — a. A wide paring chisel.
SUA* (aBd), v,i.&L (imp. Slid (slTd) ; p. p. Sliddbic
(snd'd'n). Bud ;p.vr.&vb.n, Sudiko (alldang). ] [AS.
slkUm ; akin to ilidor alippery, B. sled.i To move aloni^
the surface; to slip; to glide. — n. 1. A sliding. 2.
Smooth, even passage. 3. A sound which passes imper-
ceptlblv Into another sound. — SUd'ar (slid'Sr), a.
BUtM (snt),a. [OD. Mlieht, sleeht, simple, pUin.]
1. Not decidedly marked ; unimportant : weak ; gentle.
2. Not stout or heavy ; alender. — r. /. To disregard, aa
unworthy of notloe ; to make light of. — n. A slighting ;
manifestotioci of moderate contempt ; neglect ; indignity.
— SllgktaT, adv. — SlUlit'iiess, fi.
Sjn. — To Sliort ; Nbolect ; disregard : disdain ;
trick;
■com. — To Miifht Is stronger than to negleeL We may
nealeet a duty or peraon from inconaiderateneaa, or from
bemg over-occupied in other concema To ttighi ia a poa-
itive act, reaultiiig from dialike or contempt.
amy (aUny), adv. Slylv.
sum (alTm), a. [D. ; akin to O. sehlimm oblique,
*^£yO 1* Weak; alight; unaubstantiaL 2. Slender.
— SuB^T, adv, — Slfiii'liefls, n.
sum* (allm), a. [AS. dim.] Soft, moiat earth or
clay ; viacoua mud. — SUm'y, a. — SUml-Iy, adv.
Bllllf (slTng),n. [AkintoOD.Wtn^e.j 1. Instrument
for throwing stones, etc. 2. A throw; stroke. 3. A
bandage hanging around the neck to support a
wounded arm or hand ; loop of cope, or chain
with hooka, for auapending a heavy object in
hoisting or lowering.— v. t, {imp. Sluho
(siniifr), Arthnif Slang (iHUur) ; p. p. Sluho ;
;* jft, & \'b. n. i>u?(oi.^Cf,] L To throw ,
wklia«ilinfc. 1. Ti>liiirh ii:i4,:juvC, 3. To hang |
so OM m ^Mug. 4. To pvm a nipe round, as
a tr.i*k^ (;uiif n^w.^ im LttAcldii]^ a holatiug or 8liii^ with
low^rlii^ tacklt^. — aUnff'eT. ri •impended
BUus^n. [EtyinoL qiiecriwto.] A drink "•"•I-
coTupuKHl ol xplni ^usuaijy ^iiL^ and water aweetened.
Siizik (alTiik), r. t. {imp. CLUNK (slfiQk), Archaic
SLA>iK uUhkj i pr p, Blvnh ; /j pr. & rb. n. SLnnuNO.]
iAS. JihticJu.] 1. Ti* cr«p liway meanly; to aueak.
t. Tu nklwcarry ; — said ai ftijitale beaats.
aUp ^i^lt[>), r. i, [Alctu t^> D. slippen, AS. tttpan.]
L To uifjTs sJabu thf^ iurfuce M a thing without bound-
Im:, loUinji^, uf st«pt)lu^ ; Up jc^iJ^le. 2. Toalide; toloae
oiji -^ lijotiitK cir oiitf^s hvLd. 3. To move or fly (out of
rio). 4. To go or come In a quiet, furtive manner.
To err; to fall into error. —v. I. X, To cauae to
alide; to convey gently or aecretly. 2. To omit; to
loae by negligence. 3. To cut alipa from ; to take off.
4. To let looae (a hound) in pursuit of game. 6. To
cause to alip or alide off, or out of place. 6. To bring
forth (young) prematurely; to slink. — n. 1. A slip-
pbig. 2. An unintentional fault ; false step. 8. Twig
separated from the main stock; cutting; scion. 4.
Slender piece ; atrip. 6. Leaah for holdhig a dog.
6. An escape ; aecret deaertion. 7. A covering easily
slipped on ; loose garment. 8. Space for vessels to lie
in, between wharves or in a dock. 9. Pew in a church.
Slip-knot' (alTp'nBt/), n. A knot which alipa along
the cord around which it is made.
Sllp'pcr, n. 1. One that slips. 2. Light shoe, easily
slipped on and off. 3. Brake or shoe for a wagon wheel.
Sllp'pcr-y (-y), a. 1. Allowing or causing anything
to slip or move eaaily ; smooth ; glib. 2. Apt to alip
away. 3. Unstable ; fickle. — SUl^pcr-l-Iy, adv.
SUp'lllOd' (-shBdO, a. 1. Wearing shoes down at the
heel. 2. Careless in dress, manners, atyle, etc. ; alovenly :
ahuffling. [profitleaa diacourae or writing. I
Sllp'llop' C-alBp'}, n. Weak, poor, or flat liquor ; I
Slit (slTt), V. t. [imp. & p. p. SLrr or SLrrrsD (slTf-
^Sd); p. pr. St vb. n. Suttino.] [AS. dUan to tear.]
To cut lengthwise ; to cut into long stripe ; to rend ; to
split. — n. A long cut : narrow opening. — Slitter, n.
Slitting, a. & n. fr. Slft.
SllttlBff Bill, (a) A mill where iron bars or plntes are
slit into narrow strips, as nail rods, etc. (b) Machine
used by lapidaries for slicing precious stonea
SUt^MT (slTv'Sr or sIPvSr), v. t. [AS. sU/an.} To
cut into long, thin pieces, or very small piecen ; to slit.
— n. 1. Sharp, alender fragment ; splinter. 2. Strand
of cotton or other fiber ready for apinning.
SloVbcr (alBba)8r), n. &v.t.& i. Slabber.
SlM(BlS),n. [AS.«/d.] Small, bitter, wild European
plum, the fniit of the blackthorn ; the tree itself.
SlO'ffan (slS'gon), n. [Oael. gfuagh-afurirm. i. e., an
army cry; Mluagh army 4- gairm a calling.] War cry,
or gathering word, of a Scottish Highland clan.
fCm, recent, 6rb, r^de, f^^, Ibn, food, fo'ot, « ut, oil, chair, ^o, sine ^TL^y then, thin.
SLOOP
624
SMART
i»U»<»p.
nooi (tlS&p), ». ID.doep.) YeMelbATinffonemaat
and ft f oro-and-ftft rig, UBiuUy liftyUig
a oeiitorooard, and demmding for ata-
bility upon braadth of beam rather
than depth of keel, which dii^in-
gyiahea a cutter.
Bkwn ef var, fomerly, a reawl of
war valiip, brig, or schooner) mounting
from lU to Si guns ; now, any war ves-
sel larger than a gunboat, and carry-
ingguue on one deck only.
nop (alSp). n. LOtC. sloppe a
pool.] 1. witter or otlier liquid care-
lessly spilled ; puddle. 2. Mean and
weak drink or liquid food. 8. pi.
Dirty water. — r. /. 1. To spill. 2. To soU witli a Uquid
spilled. «- V. i. To overflow.
Slop, n. [A8. slap frook.] 1. Loose breeches ; —
ohietly in pi. 2. pi. Beady-made clothes ; among sea-
men, clothing, bedding, and other furnishings.
Slopo (8l9p), ». [Formed (as abode f r. abuie) fr. OE.
slipen. See Sup.] X An oblique direction ; inclination,
as of one line or surface to another. 2. Declivity ; ac-
clivity. » a. Slanting, ^v. i.& t. Tu uicliue ; to slant.
SlOP'inr («l»P'py)i a« Wet, so as to slop, or spatter,
easily ; uiuddy ; plashy. — Blop'pl-neM, n.
Blop'lllOV' (*ah9pOt »• Shop for ready-made clothes.
Bl^work^ (-wQrkO. n. Manufacture of slops, or
cheap ready-made clothing ; slovenly work of any kind.
8l00h(iilBsh), n. Slush.
Blot («19t), fi. [LG. & D., a lock.] 1. A broad, flat,
wooden bar; slat. 2. Narrow depression or aperture.
eep., one for the reception of a piece slidhig in it.
SlOt.n. [Of.Ioel.«/d#,aQdE.«/ef{M.] Track of a deer.
Sloth (slBth or sIStb), n. [AS. MlZufS, it. slaw slow.]
1. Slowness; tardiness. 2. Laziness. S. A South
American tree-dwelling animal, of very slow motions.
SlOttl'fal, a. Addicted to sloth ; sluggish : laxy ; idle.
- SloUi'Al-ly, adv. — Sloth'tnl-iMM, ».
Slonoll (slouch), n. [Cf. IceL slOkr a slouching fel-
low.] X. Droophig of the bead ; drooping attitude ; un-
gainly gait ; sidewise depression, as of a hat brim. 2. An
awkward, clownish fellow. [6'o//oo.]— -r. t. To droop.
Slonih (slou), n. [AS. sl&h hollow place.] Place of
deep mud ; hole full of mire.
SlOUf ll (siar), n. [Cf. MHO. slOch skin of a anake.]
1. Tiie cast-off skin of a serpent, etc. 2. Dead mass
separating from living tissues in mortification. — v. i.
To separate in the form of dead matter from living tis-
sues, ^v. /. To cast off ; to discard as refuse.
Slontrh'T (rfon'y), «. Pull of sloughs ; miry.
Slon^'y ("IBfy), a. Like a slough, or refuse matter.
Slov'en (sJHv'CTi), n. [D. slof carelewi, neglig'^nt, a
sloven.] One negligent of n^^atness and order. — SlOT'-
tn-ly, n. A adv. — SloT'on-ll-neu, n.
Slow (slS), a. [AS. */fii£>.] 1. Movinsr a short spnce
In a relatively long time ; not swift ; moderate ; delib-
erate. 2. Gradunl: late. 3. Not ready; not prompt or
auiok : dIKtory. 4. Noth«»nty ; not precipitate ; in'tctive.
5. B*^hind in time. 6. Heavy in wit ; dull. [Colloq.']
— adr. Slowly. — r. t. To render Plow ; to delay. — r. t.
To sro slower. — Rlow^v. ndr. — Slowness, n.
8yn.— Blow: Tahdt; Dilatobt ; Kte : »liigw'sh : dull ;
Inactive. — SIntr denotes either ft want of r-xpJd motion or
Inertnew of intellect. Dflntary signifien pmneness to de-
fer. Tnrdt/ denotes the li»»blt of being behindhand.
SlQdffO (-mj), n. 1. Bind ; mire ; slush. 2. SmaU
floi«ting pk^nfl of ice, or masses of saturated snow.
Slno (slu), v.t.&i. [Cf. Icel. tnu'i to turn.] [Writ-
ten ald«.) slew.] '/o turn about a fixed point ; to twiat.
SlQX Uilg), n. [CL LO. stukk low-spirited ; D. slak
snail. 1 1. A drone ; laey fellow ; sluggard. 2. A mullMnk
reftemblinv the land snail. 3. Irregularly shaped bullet.
4. Strip of metal for spacing printed pntres. — r. /. 1. To
load (a gun) with slugs. 2. To utrike heavily. [Slnngl
Slllff'gaid (slQg'gSrd), n. One haUtuftUy luy sad
Inactive. » a. Sluggish; laxy.
Stng'Slah (-glsh), a. 1. Sluggard. 2. Slow; inert.
— Slng^glsli-iy, adv. - Slng'iJih-iioM, n.
Syu, — Idle ; laiy ; indolent ; slow ; dull. See IvBVT.
SlnlOO (slus), n. [OF. eschue, fr. L. exdwUre, -du-
fum, to shut out. See Exclude.] 1. Passage for water,
fitted with a gate, for stopping or reflating the flow.
2. Channel through whicl» anything flows ; aource of
supply. 3. Stream flowing through a flood gate. — r. /.
To wet copiously ; to overwhelm.
Slmn (sifim), n. [Cf. Slckp.] Back street of a city,
esp. one fllled with ft poor, degraded population.
SlnmlMr (sl&w'ber), v, i. [as. slumenan, f r. tiuma
slr-^-- ? 1 -To sleep; todoze. 2. To be Ui a itate of
ne. . . .aactivlty.^n. Sleep ; repoae. — Slam'-
ber or. >*.
Slum Ir^r oat (-Qb), a. Sleepy ; drowsy.
Slum pit.]Qti ,p), V. i. [Scot, slump dull noise of some-
thici^^ liilUij^ iihto a hole, a marah, swamp.] To fsllor
siiiii; t jiniikrri *-t In (thawing snow or Ice, a IJog, etc.).
Fllipcr Jh. .), i„tp, ^ p, p, of SUHO.
l„_. M ball with a string attached, for 8triki]«.
Slnnk (Kl&nk), imp. &p.p. of Sluts.
Slur (-aflr), f. /. [Cf. Icel. sldra^ sloSra, to traU or
drac one's self along. 1. To soil ; to sully ; to disgraoe.
2. To traduce. 3. To conceal ; to pass over wiui luiie
notice. 4. To pronounce indistinctly. 6. To slug or
perform (music) in a smooth, gliding style; to connect
(several notes or tones). » n. 1. A mark or stain ; stigma.
2. A mark [thus "^ ., .^ or y-"-""*^ ], connoting
muskal notes tltat are to be sounded together ; a Ue.
Slliall (slfish). n. [Cf. Sw. slaska to paddle in water,
slash filth.} [Written also slosh.'\ X. Soft mud. 2.
Half-melted snow. 3. Soft mixture of grease, etc. for
lubrication. 4. Mixture of white lead aud lime, for
paiuting bright parts of machines, to prevent oxidation.
^ t>. /. To smear with slush or grease.
Slat (slat), n. [OE. slutte.\ 1. An untidy woman ;
slattern. 2. A female dog ; bitch. — SlllttUlk a. —
Slat'tisli-ly, adv. - SlnrttBh-aoM. n.
Sly (all), a. [Icel. slxgr.'\ X. Dexterous in perform-
ing ail action, so as to escape notice ; shrewd ; knowing.
2. Artfully cunning. — Slyly, adv. — Sly'now, «.
Syn. - Cunning ; crafty ; subtile ; wily. Bee Ccvrnxo.
Smack (smtk), M. [D. smak.'\ Small coasting ves-
sel, commonly ruined as a sloop.
fftngft%, n. [AS. Sfiixc taste, savor.] 1. Tafte or
flavor; savor; tincture. 2. A small quantity; taste.
3. A loud kiss. 4> Quick, sliarp noise, as of the lips
when suddenly separated, or of a whip. 6. (2ulck, amart
blow; slap.— V. i. 1. To have a smack or jpartlrular
taste. 2. To kiss with a sharp noise. 3. To make ft
noise by separating the lipe after tasthig anything.
Small (,m\fi\\ a. [AS. snmlJ] 1. Little in quantity
or degree ; diminutive ; not much. 2. Being of alight
consequence ; insignificant. 3. Paltry ; mean. 4. Not ex-
tended In time ; short. 6. Weak ; slender ; fine ; g<>nt)e ;
soft ; not loud. — n. The small or slender part of a thing.
— Smalllali, a. — Small'ness, n.
Small arms, muskets, rifles, pif^tols, et'*.. dlsting. fr. can-
non. — Small bser. (a) Weak beer, (b) Insignificant mat-
ters. — Small talk, light or trifling conversation ; chitchat.
Small'poz' (-pSks'), n. A contagious, febrile disease,
with a peculiar pustular eruption ; variola.
Smalt (smftlt), n. [It. smaltOf LL. smoltum ; of Teu-
tonic origin.] A deep blue pigment made of cobalt, pot-
ash, snd calcined quartx, fnK«>d and powdered.
Gbnart (smart), r. I. [AS. mneortan.'] 1. To fee! a
lively, pungent local p«in. 2. To MiifTer. — r. f. To cans0
asmartin. «-n. 1. Q'liok, pungent local pain. 2. Severe
pain of mind. — <r. 1. CauMiiir a nmart. 2. Keen ; poign-
ant. 3. Viir'>ro»in ; Rharp ; severe. 4. Active ; sharp ;
clever. [CoUnq.] 6. Acute ; shrewd ; witty. 6. Showy ;
S, 1, 1, 8, a, long I &, «, I, fi, tt, f , Short ; aenftte, dvent. Idea, 6bey, ttnite, oAra, iirm, Aak, §11, flnoL
SMARTLY
625
SNAP
STli.'8MABT: Cuivi»;poIgiUknt;Bharp;Urt; acute;
daiok: brLik ; witty : keen ; duhy } fthowy. — :smart^ iu
new Knslaad, deecribee one who is intelligeut and active,
with the jCng"*** aenae of clever. In KugXuid, smart and
tmartntUt whoa m>I»Ued to penona, reler to dreaa.
q»—* f*» (amiab), v. t. [Cf. 8w. tmisk a atroke, smU-
kato strike.] TodAshto pieces; to crush. ^ v. i. To
rto pieces suddenly, from coUialou or pressure. »»n.
Utter destraoti(m ; wreck. S. Bankruptcy. ICoUoq.}
lUt'tar (amlftar), r. i. [OE. tmateren to uuke a
S.1 1. To talk suuerlicially or ignoraiitly ; to bab-
ble. 2. To hate a slight tai^te, or superficial knowledgH,
of anything ; to amadc^n. Superficial knowledge; a
amatteritig. — 8iiiat'tar-«r, it. — Bnuttttrlof , n.
BttUdU (smir), r. /. I.A8. smierwan^ fr. sfneoru fat,
grease.] 1. To oversmtMid with auytaiug unctuous or
adhesive ; to daub. 2. To aoil ; to pollute. — n. 1. A fat,
oily substance ; ointmeut, 2. Blot or blotch ; gttiu.
ItWll (smil), V. /. [Imp. & p. p 8mbllbi> (smSld),
SiMi/r (smSlt) ,p.pr.& vb. n. Smkluko.] [OE. smeUen^
tmiUent smuuen.} To perceive by the olloctory uerves
or naaal orgaua ; to obtaiu the aceiit of. -^v. L To have
an odor ; to aavor. -^n. 1. Sense by whicii certaiu quai-
itiea of bodies are perceived tlirough the olfactory nerves.
2. Odor ; perfume. — Smellier, n.
BoMlt (auiSlt), fi. [AS.] BaiaU sUvery food fish.
Itaiilt, V. t. [Uf. D. MineUen, O. schmetxen.] To melt
(ore), so as to separate and rehue the metal. — wndlf er, ft.
Bmetk (smirk), n. ^ v. Smirk.
Smnas (smKlAka), n. [L. bindweed, Gr. a/ttAo^.]
A pereuuial K.limbiug plant.
Smile (siull), V. i. [Akin to L. mirari to wonder
at.] 1. To express amusement, moderate joy, or love and
kindness, by the features of the face ; to laugh silently.
2. To express slight contempt by a look implying sarcism
or pity ; to sneer. 3. To favor ; to countenance. — v. /.
To express by a smile.«Mii. 1. A smiling ; peculiar ch^uge
or brightening of the face, from pleasure, mirth, approba-
tion, eta ; — opp. to frown. 2. A some«> hat similar ex-
presrion, indioaUng satisfaction combined with contempt,
scorn, etc. 3. Favor; propitiouanesa. 4. Oay or Joyous
appearance. — Bmll'ittf-ly, adv. — BlDlllllK-nMIBt n.
ami»ftii (sm8rch), v. t. [Fr. root of smear.} To nmear
witb something which stains, ^n. A smutch ; stain.
Bmlrk (smSrk), V. L [AS. smercian.} To smile in an
affected manner. ^- n. A forced smile ; simper.
8alt« (smit), V. t. [imp. SmotS (sm3t), rarely Svrr
(swTt) ; p.p. SiurTBM (smlt't*u), rarely Burr, or Smote ;
p. pr, & vb. n. SHrmro (smiting).] [AS. smUan.] 1.
To strike. 2. To slay by a blow. 3. To overthrow by
war. 4. Tb destroy the life or vigor of. 6. Tb affiict ; to
punish. 6. To affect with love, fear, Ate. 'Stillfer, n.
Smith (amTth), n. [AS. smi&.] Worker in metals.
SmlUl'er-y, n. 1. Workihopofasmith; smithy. 2.
Work done by a smith ; smithing. [smith ; smithery. I
SmlUl'y i-f)t n, Wofkihop of A Rmith, esp. a black- 1
Smlftmi (smtt^t^n), p. p. of SxiTB.
8mook(sra5k), n. [AS. smoce.] 1. A woman*s under-
garment ; shift ; chemise. 2. A blouse ; smock frock.
Smook' frook' (frSk'). A coarse frock, or shirt, worn
over the other dress, as by farm laborers.
8m(A« (smSk), n. [AS. smoca^ fr. smedean to smoke.]
1. Visible exhalation, vapor, or substance escaping from
a burning body, esp. from burning vegetable matter.
2. Vapor ; mist. 3. Act of smoking, esp. of smoking
tobacco. IColloq.l^v, <. 1. To emit smoke ; to reeic
2. To draw into the mouth the smoke of tobacco burning
iu a pipe, dgar, cigarette, etc. — r. /. 1. To apply nraoke
to ; to hang in smoke ; to disinfect, cure, etc., by smoke.
2. To fill or scent with smoke. 3. To inhale and pufT
out the nan\'^ of (tobacco). — Smok'or, n.
Smokclao^' (•jSkO,n. A contrivance for turning a spit
by mauu of a fly or wheel mored by the Mosnding air fai
a chimney.
BOMk^lMS (smiNcnSa), a. Making or hating no smoke.
Smokt'SUMk' (-stIkOt "• A chimney ; pipe carrying
oir the amoke of a locomotive, steam vessel, etc
Smok'y (-j^), a. l. Emitting anu^ esp. in large qoaa-
tities or offensively. 2. Like amoke. 3. Filled with
smoke ; tM .k. 4. Tamlahed with smoke ; noisome with
»moke. — 8mokl-ly, adv. — Smokl-lMflS, n.
bmol'tUr I (sui9i'u8r), V. i. [Ci. Km. smUen^ D.
SmoiU'der ] smeuten. Cf. Smill.] To bum and
smoke without flame ; to waste away by slow combustion.
8m<Hrth (sm65tii), a. [AS. stniSey smaOe.'] 1. Hiv-
ing an even surface; not rough. 2. Evenly spread or
arranged ; aleek. 3. Oently flowing ; not ruffled or ob-
structed. 4. Flowing or uttered without check or heai-
Utiou ; even ; fluent. 6. BUnd ; mild ; flattering.* atfv.
Smoothly. — n. 1. A making smooth. 2. That which is
smooth; smooth part of anything. — ff. f. To make
even, easy, etc — SmOOtk'ly,' adr. — Smootk'OMt, n.
Syn. - Even ; phdu ; level : flat ; polished ; glossy ;
sleeK ; soft ; blond ; mUd ; voluble ; flatterhig ; deceptive^
Smot# (sniOt), imp. (and rare p. p.) of Smtts.
Smoth'er (»mfith'8r), V. f. [A&. smorian.} 1. To de-
prive of air necessary for life ; to suffocate. 2. To stifle ;
to deprive of air by a thick covering, as of ashes, smoke,
etc. 3. To suppress ; to conceal. — v. t 1. To be stifled.
2. Tosmolder. — n. Stifling smoke ; thick dust.
Smonl'der (smSl'dSr), v. i. Smolder.
Bmndn (smtij), n. [Cf. £. smutch.'] 1. Suffoca-
ting smoke. 2. A heap of damp combustibles buniiug
slowly, on the windward side of a house, tent, etc., to
keep off mosq uf toes or other insects. [U.S.'} 3. A stain ;
smutch ; smear. — v. t. 1. To stifle or smother with
smoke. 2. To smear ; to smutch ; to blacken with smoke.
Smug (sm&g), a. [Cf. LG. smuck^ Q. schmuck.} Stu-
dioiuily neat or nice ; spruce ; prim.
Smug 'gle (-g*l), r. t. & i. [Cf. Dan. smugle to con-
vey secretly, i smug secretly.] 1. To import or export
illegally, or witiiout paying duties imposed by law. 2.
To convey clandestinely. — Smug'gler, n.
Smvt (smfit), n. [Akin to D. smrt spot or stain,
smodderen to smut.] 1. Foul matter, like soot or coal
dust ; soil made by such matter. 2. A fungus on cereal
grains producing a powdery sooty mass. 3. Obscene lan-
guage ; ribaldry, ^v. t. &i. To stain with emnt, etc.
Smntoll (smflch), n. A stain ; dirty spot. — r. /. To
blacken with smoke, soot, or coal. [Written also smooch."]
Smut'ty (smttt't]^), a. 1. Soiled with smut ; smutted.
2. Tainted witli mildew. 3. Obscene.
SlUOk (nnSk), n. [Sne Snatch.] 1. A share ; part ;
portion. 2. A slight, hasty repast. [Co/Zoo.]
Snaffle (snlfTl), n. [D.«nat«/beak, bill, snout.] A
bridle bit, having no curb. —v. t. To bridle.
Snag (snig), n. [Cf. Gael, swiigh to cut down,
sharpen.] 1. Stump of a branch lopped off : knot ; pro-
tuberance. 2. A tooth projecting beyond the rest ; bro-
ken or decayed tooth. 3. Tree fixed in the bottom of
navigable water, so as to endanger passing vesselc [ U. 8.}
-—v. t. To injure or destroy (a vessel) hv a prelecting
part of a sunken tree. [U. S.) — Snag'gM, Snng'gy, a.
Snail (snil), n. [AS. sruegel.'^ 1 \n air-breatfihig
moilusk, which moves vcty ^^E^w
slowly by creeping. 2. A slow- JDflMyV
moving person or thing ; slug- ^^^^^^ 4- . ^
^Snatt'-wioed' (-pisf), a. -SSH^Mfc^—
Slow-moving, like a snaiL 8n«il ( M-crocyctu eoneum).
Snake (snlk), n. [AS. snaea.'] An ophidian; a ser-
pent, harmless or venomous.— f». /. 1. To drag, as a
snake frou. a hole. [Colloq. V. S.'\ 2. To wtad (a rope)
spirally, with a sman«»r cord. — SnalCy. a.
Snap (snSp), t'. /. [D. mnppen to snstrli.] 1. To break
short, as substances that are brittle. 2. To strike, hit, or
fgrtt, tvoent, Orb) mde, fyll, ftm, ftfbd, f<R>t, out, oll» ehalr, ^o, aiits, l||k, then, ihlik
SNAPDRAGON
526
SNUFF
■httt, with ft ■haip soand. 3. To bite suddenly. 4. To
crack ; to oftiue (a whip, etc.) to make a eharp, cracking
noise. 6. To project with a snap.«r. t 1. To break
short ; to sunder. 2. To produce a sharp, cracking noise ;
to crack. 3. To make an effort to bite ; to catch eageriy
(at snything). 4. To utter eharp. angry words. 6. To
missflre. — ». 1. A sudden breaking. 2. Sudden, eager
bite, or effort to seise, as with the teeth. 3. Bharp mo-
tion or blow, as with the finger sprung from the thumb.
4. Bliarp, abrupt sound. 6. Sudden severe interval or
spell (of weather). 6. Small catch held by a spring, or
one closing with a snaroing sound. 7. Thin, crisp cske,
usually flavored with ginger. 8. Briskness ; vigor ; de-
cision. [Collog.'}
Snap'dniC'Oll (snip^drlg'Bn), n, 1. A plant whose
flowers suggest a dragon^s head. 2. A play in which
raisins are snatched from burning brandy.
Sliap'ptr, n. 1. One that snaps. 2. A large ooean
food fish. 3. A snapping turtle. 4. The green wood-
pecker, or yaffle. 6. A snap beetle.
Sna^taht a. 1. Apt to snap; eager to bite. 2. Bharp
in rej^ ; tart ; peevbh. — 8lUlp'piill4y , adv.
Snart (sntr), n. [AS. tnear cord, string.] 1. Noose
of cord, or other contrivance, for catching a bird, etc ;
trap ; gin. 2. Out or string stretched across the lower
bead of a drum. ^ v. t. To catch with a snare.
Baare ixwm. the smaller common military drum, as dis-
ting. f r. the bast drum,
BnAll (suKrl), V. (, 1. To entangle ; to complicate ;
to involve in knota. 2. To embarrass; to insnare.^n.
A knot of hair, thread, etc., difficult to disentangle ; in-
tricate complication ; embarrassing dilBoulty.
Snail, V. L 1. To growl, as a surly dog ; to grumble.
2. To speak in rude, surly terms. — n. A growl ; peevish
expresuon ; angry contention. — Soail'tr, n.
Snail, V. <. To form raised work upon the outer sur-
face of (thin metal wi^re) by a snarling iron.
BwsrHiig Iron, a tool of elartic metal, having one end held
in a viae, uud the shank struck with a hammer, so that the
repercussion of the other end, or beak, witliin the article
worked upon gives a blow for producing raised work.
Snatoh (snlch), v.t.Sti, [Akin toD. tnakken to de-
sire.] To neise abruptly, or without ceremony.
9Tn. — To twitch: pluck; grab; catch; grasp; gripe.
«-n. 1. A hasty catching or seising ; grab. 2. A short
period. 3. Small piece or quantity ; scrap.
Snath (snXth), n. [AS. stOSan to cut. to mow, mMd
a bite, bit, snip.] The handle of a scythe. [Yariously
written snead^ mt^j snealh^ gneeth^ tnathe^ etc.]
Snaak (snSk), r. <. [AS.mleantooreep.] 1. To creep
or steal (away or about) privately ; to come or go meanly.
2. To act with meanness and servility. — ». A sneaking
fellow. — Sneaking, a. — Snaaking -ly, adv.
Snaar (snSr), v. i. [Dan. nucm to snvt] 1. To show
contempt by facial expression. 2. To speak derisively.
— n. 1. A sneering. 2. Smile, contortion, or insinua-
tion of contempt. — Snear'ar, n.
8y n . - To Bnbbb ; Scoff ; J««e ; gibe. To meer implies
to cast contempt indirectly or by covert expressions. To
je4fT denotes the use of severe sarcastic reflections. To
*coff implies the use of insolent mockery and derision.
Snaaia (snSs), v. i. [AS. fne&san.) To emit air,
chiefly through the nose, audibly and violently. *ii.
Sudden ejection of air, chiefly through the nose.
SnlokW (snTk'Sr}! v. i. [Gf. D. mikken to sigh.]
1. To lauRh slyly. 2. To laui^h with audible catches of
voice, as when one attempts to suppress loud laughter.
— n. A broken laugh. [Written also mioff^.']
Sniff (snTf ), V. i. [Dan. tnivf to sniff. J To draw air
audibly up the nose; to snuff; — sometimes expressing
suspicion, offense, or contempt.— v. /. X. To draw in
with the breath through th« nose. 2. To scent ; to smelL
■—A. A sniffing ; that which Is taken by sniffing.
Snlg'f ar (snlg^gSr), r. i. & n. Snicker.
Snip (inTp)* V. t, [OK* tn^ven,} To out off at caoe
with shears or scissors; to dip soddenly; to nip; to
snatch away. ^ n. 1. A single cut ; dip. 2. Bhred ; bia
cutoff. 3. Small hand shears for cuttinf sheet isataL
Snipa (snip), !». [Akhi to D. «M^p, m^, 8w. mappa
ssndniper.] A llmiodine game bird, having a mqc,
slenaer, nearly straight beak.
8ntv'al(sniv^),v.^ [BoaSiarvandSaoFyu.] l.Ti>
run at the note; to make a snuffling noisa. 2. Tociyor
whine, ^n. Mucus from the note ; snot. — Snif^aiW,
SntVal-lar, n.
8nab(su5b),ii. [loeLMApr dolt, impostor.] 1. Aval.
gar person who apes his superiors; an upstart. 2. A
worknum who aco^tts low wages, or refuses to ttaVkm
when his fellows da — Snabntar-T (-bSr-f ). n. — Satfl
UalM a. - SMb'Utfi-lT, <»fv. - BntfyWiifc naaa, %.
SnJDflna (snO&s), %. TSoot.] A shott sleep ; n^ ^^
V. i. To dose. [Co/toy. J[
Snava (suSr), r. i. [AS. snora a SDorlng.] To breatba
with a rough, hoarse, nasal voice in sleep. — n. Haah
nasal noisa made in sleepw
Snort (mflrt), r. {. To force the air violently thronglk
the nose, as do hlgh-^iirited horses In prancing and ptaj.
— n. A snorting ; sonmd produced in snorting.
Saat («n5t), M. [AS. ; aUn to E. mmmO.] Mucvm aa-
cre(ed in the nose. [Loir] — Suatly, o.
Saaot (snout), n. [Cf. D. micir.] 1. The !«««
projecting noee of a beast, as of swine. 2. Mossle of a
pipe, hose, etc* —v.t To furnish with a no«4e or point.
Snow (sn5), n. [AS. sniw ; aUn to O. sdUer, L. ni*,
nivit^ Or. aoc. f«^] Watery nartidas concealed into
white or transparent crystals or flakes in the air, and fall-
ing to the earth. —v. i. To fall in or as snow. >— r. f. To
scatter liV^ snow.
Snow'baU' (•bftl')« n. 1. Bound mass of snowpresaed
together. 2. The Ouelder-roae.^r. /. To pelt witk
snowballs. [flocks in winter. |
Idrd (-bSrd), M. A finch which appears in I
'-bUnd' (-bUnd'), o. Affected with bUndnesa
by the brilliancy of snow. ~ SnOW'-bllnd^naaa, n.
Snow'-boanO' (-bound'), a. Cooflned by snow.
SnaWdllfr (-drlff ), n. Bank of drifted snow.
Snaw'drop' (•drSp'), n. Bulbous pUnt bearing white
flowers, often appearing while snow is on the ground.
Snowflaka' (-flikO, a. 1. Flake, or smaUfllmymasi,
of snow. 2. Bulbous plant resembling the snowdrop.
Snaw'plOW' ) (-plouOi «»• implement for clearing
Snow'ttlOilgllM away snow from roads, railroads, etc
Snow'UMkF (-shSd'), n, A shelter to protect from
snow, esp. a long roof over an exposed part of arailrood.
Snow'alMia' (-sh55'), ». Frame, long and broad, won
under the foot by persons walk-
ing on soft snow.
SnoWatann' (-stdrmO
Snowshee.
2. Aboundioffwitb
), n.
Storm with falling snow.
SnoW-wblta' (-hwif ), a.
White as snow ; very white.
Snow^tO. 1. White like snow,
snow ; covered with snow. 3. Pure : spotless.
Snub (snlib), V. t [Ct led. tnMa to snob, chide.]
1. To dip or break off the end of ; to nip. 2. Tocbeck;
to reprimand. 3- To slight desigiiedly. «- n. A rebuke.
aaab BOSS, a short or flu nose.
Snny-naaad^ (-nSsd'), a. Having a short, flat nose.
Snnff (sn&f ), n. [Cf . O. •ehnuppe candle snuff, sdbtttp-
fen to snuff a candle.] Part of a candle wick charred bj
the flame. ^v.L To crop the snuff off (a candle).
Snnft V- t' [Akin to O. hckHuofm^ 1. To dnMr
hi f ordbly through the noee ; to sniff. 2. To scent ; to
smell.' v.i. 1. To inhale air through the neae violently
or noisilv, as do dogs and horses. 2. To tarn op the
nose and inhale air. as an expression of contempt. >— n,
1. A snuffing ; sniff. 2. Pulverised tobacco, etc, ptv-
pared to be taken into the noee ; amount taken at once.
tTp to sBvfl, not to be imposed upon ; knowing. [^Iaii#]
S, «, 1, 9, tt, loog ; ft, «, I, ft, tt, ti ibott ; MBile, gveat, tdMw 6bay, ttalte, a4ia, HUB, i*. til* teflL
SNUFFBOX
527
SOIL
' (•nfif'bSlu'), n, SmiOl box for nuff.
I. 1. One who snuffs. 8. The porpcrfse.
, n. pL Instminent for cropping snd bold-
intf tlra snuff of ft esndle.
SBBftto (snaf'fl), V. i. [Freq. of tnuff, ▼. i. ; akin
toUQi.muffeln,^ TospeakthrooghtbanoM); tobrMUie
through thanoM when it is obstmote<l.—M. 1. Asnuf-
fling; sound msde by sir pMsing through the nose when
obstructed. 8. An affected nasftl twang ; cant ; hypoo-
risy. 3. pL Nasal catarrh. iCMoqA — Boattkatt n,
Smtfl'y, a. Soiled with snuff.
Bang (snttg), a. [ProT. E. mug tight, handsome ; cf.
0Dan.«N<)^u6at.] 1. Close and warm. 8. Close; con-
cealed. 3. Compact and comfortable.— v. i. To lie
close ; to snuggle. — Sangly, adv. ~ SaogflMM, n.
Bm^pM (ii*l)( V. i. L^raq. of tnmg.] To more one
war and the other so as to get a close place ; to cuddle.
Bo (sQ), adv. [AS. np& ; akin to L. sutu one's own.]
1. In that manner or d^ree ; as indicated, or as applied.
8. In the same way ; thus. 3. In such manner ; to such
degree. 4. Yeiy; in a high degree. 6. In the same man-
DOT ; in this way. 6. The case being such ; therefore ;
on these terms. 7. It is well ; — used to express assent.
•. Well; the fact being as stated; — used as an expletive.
9. About the number, time, or quantity specified; there-
abouts. — eon/. Prorided that ; if. — inierj. Be as you
are ; stand still ; right as you are.
Soak (sSk), V. t CAS. socian.1 1. To cause to lie in
a flnid till the substance has imbioed what it can contain ;
to steep. 8. TO drench. 3. To draw in by the pores, or
through small passages. «-r.<. 1. To become saturated.
8. To enter (into something) by pores or interstlcM. 3.
To drink intemperatelv. (slang} — Soak'tr, ».
BotJtf {-f)i o. Full of moisture ; wet ; soppy.
8mp (s9p), M. [AS. *ape.J A substance which dis-
SfdTss in water, forming a lather, and is used as a deans-
hag agent ; a compound of fats or oils with alkalies or
alkaline earths. — r. t. To rub or wash over with soap.
8oap^»tOH»^ (-atSn^)* n. A soft msgnesian mineral, of
a soapy or creasy feel ; talc.
SOAp'SIUUr (-sfids'), ». p/. Suds made with soap.
80A9^, o. 1. Like socp. 8. Smeared with soip.
BOU (Mr), V. i [F. s'essorer to soar, eu&rer to dry,
fr. L. «x out -{- aura air.1 1. To fly aloft, as a bird.
8. To rise in spirits or imagination. — n. Upward flight.
MH (s5b), V. t [Akin to A6. ieSfian,} To sigh oon-
TulsiTely. » n. 1. A sobbing. 8. Sorrowful cry.
80^ (sOOiSr), a. [OB. & F. tobre, fr. L. $obriu*.^
1. Teniperate in the use of spirituous liquors. 3. Not
intoxicated. 3. Not mad, wild, or heated with passion ;
self-posiessed ; calm. 4. Serious in demeanor, appear-
ance, or color ; grave ; sedate. — v. /. & i. To make or
become sober. — SolMT-lT, ^(f r. — SolMr-naM, n.
Syn. — Ten^)erate; abstinent; moderate: steady;
quiet : staid ; serious ; solemn ; somber. See OftAVB.
Bsfhn-WtaL^^A (-mlnd'Sd), a. HabituaUy sober,
calm, and temperate.
80-tol'0-t7 (s^bril-^), n. 1. Habitual soberness or
temperance as to the use of spirituous liquors. 8. Ha-
bitual freedom from enthnsissm, inordinate passion, etc.
II So'tei'qvtt' (s^'br^'ltftOt »• [F] An assumed
name ; nickname. [Less correctly written stnibriquetA
So'Olft-llto (sS'shA-b'n, a. fF., fr. L. socinbihs, fr.
aoHus companlonj 1. Inclined to, or adapted for, soci-
ety ; sodaL 3. Ready to converse ; not taciturn or re-
served. 3. Affording opportunities for conversntion. -•
n, A gathering for social piirpo«e« ; informal reception.
-B&tSM'hU-umm, 8o'oU-M''l-t7, n.— So'dA-bly, odv.
Bjn, — Social ; familiar ; communicative ; accessible.
So-oUl (-shal), a. [L. toeialU, fr. «octti«.] 1. Pert,
to sodety, to men livinfr in society, or to the public as an
aggregate body. 3. Ready to mix in friendly converse ;
sociable. 3. Consisting in mutual intercourse. 4. Nat-
urally growing in groups or masses ; — said of individual
plants of the I
M spedes. 6. (a) Living in oonununi-
of males, females, and neuters, as do ants
and moet bees. (6) Forming groups by budding from
bsMl processes or stolons. —WfAaX-ly d^nhahm, adv.
- So'biAl-IMM, So^el^ai-ty (sS^shT-EKI-t]^), n.
lodal sdsaes, sdenoe of the social condition, or of the
relations involved in man*s existence and his well-behig
as a member of an organised community ; sodology.
So'OlAl-Ini (sS'sbal-Ts'm), n. Theory that a com-
munity of interests is the best form of society ; commun-
ism. - So'olAl-latt ».— So'olAl-latt So^dal-U^, a.
So'OlAl-lat (-shol-is), V. t. 1. To raider sodal. 8.
To subiect to, or regulate by. sodalism.
80-«l'0-ty (-sit-ty), n, [L. tocietas, fr. *ort««.] 1.
Relationship of men to one anotlier when associated in
any way ; fellowship ; company. 8. A number of per-
sons associated for joint usefulness, pleasure, or profit ;
social union; partnership. 3. Community of individ-
uals who recognise each other as associiOes. 4. The
more cultivated portion of any community ; those who
mutually give and receive formal entertalnmenta.
So-dlll-ail (-sTuT-on), a. Pert, to Socinus^ or the
Socinians. ^ n. Follower of Sodnus.
So-dlll-ail-lm, n. Doctrines of Faustus Socinus, an
Italian theologian of the 16th century, who denied the
Trinity, deity of Christ, personality of the Devil, total
depravity of man, ricarious atonement, and eternity of
future puulshmeut, and held that the Bible was to be in-
terpreted by human reason, and not to be tsken literally.
So'd-Ol'O-ty (s5'shT-51'ft-jj^), n. [L. iociut companion
+ -'osy-] PTiUoeophy of liuman society ; social science.
Book (BOk), n. [AS. «occ, fr. L. toceus light slioe.j
1. Shoe worn by ancient actors of comedy, — diatiug. f r.
the 6tMMn, worn in tragedy. 8. A stocking with a short l^g.
Sook^tt (sBk'St), n. [OB. toket, dim. fr. L. 9oeeu$.}
An opening into which anything is fitted.
8oa(s0d),n. [AkintoLO.«o</e.] Stratum of the soil
filled with rooU oi grass ; turf ; sward. — v. t. To cover
with sod.
So'da (sS'dA), n. [It., fr. L. wlida, fem. of tolidus
solid.] An alkali forming the basis of common salt.
Soda water, a beverage consisting of water highly
charged with carbon dioxide (carbomu acid).
8(Ktfall-t7 (s^-dUnr-tj^), n. [L. MdalUat, fr. todalii
comrade.] A fraternity ; brotherhood ; a Roman Cath-
olic lay aasodation for charitable purpoeee.
Soa'dtB (slM'd'n), a. {p. p. of Sunn.] BoUed ;
seethed ; also, soaked ; heavv with moisture ; saturated.
So^di-vmCsydT-nm), n. [NL., fr. £. Moda.} A meUllic
chemical element, uspd combined in many salts, and an
important commercial product. [cusliioned. |
Wtk (sS^fA), n. [Ar. soffnh.'\ A long seat, usually |
Soffit (sSf'nt), n. [It. soffiita, fr. toffigaere to hide,
prop., to fix under, L. ni^oere to fasten beloti ; mb under
•^Jigfre to fix.] Under side of a staircase, entablature,
archway, cornice, etc
Soft (sSft), a. [AS. 90fU, prop. adv. of Mefte, adj.]
1. Easily yielding to pressure ; not firm in resisting ;
malleable ; — opp. to hard. 3. Not rough to the touch ;
smooth ; delicate ; fine. 3. Agreeable to feel, state, or
inhale. 4. Not harsh or rough ; gentle ; flexible ; kind.
6. Mild ; courteous. 6. Effeminate ; weak. 7. Not
tinged with mineral salts ; adapted to decompose soap ;
— said of water. —ffrfp. Softly; gently; quietly.-*
interj. Be quiet ; hold ; not so fast. — SottlFt adv. —
Softoiau, n. [softer. I
Soden (sSf^n), V. t. & i. To make or become soft or |
Sog'gy (»5g'py), a. [Cf. Icel. sbggr damp, wet]
Filled with water ; sodden ; soaked ; wet.
llSol'-di'MUir (swU^d^zSiiOt fl- [F.] Calling him-
self ; self-styled ; pretended ; would-be.
Soil (soil), V. t. [OF. saoler to satiate, L. sahdlnre, f r.
satur salted. J To feisd (cattle or iiorMea) with fresh grass,
etc., cut for them ; to purge by feeding on green food.
f8m, roocnt, 6rb, r||da, f^ ftm, ftfbd, fdbt, out, oU, cbair, ^o, sins, ink, then, tl&in.
SOIL
528
SOLSTICE
8oa (Ma), n. [F. sol, fr. L. $olum bottom, aoil]
Upper stntum of the earth ; mold. 2. Land; country.
S. Dung ; manure. — r. L To manure.
8oU, V. t. [OP. soilli^, LL. tueulare, fr. L. sueula
little pig, dim. oi*u*% irariue.] 1. To foul ; to dirty ; to
deHIe. 2. To tarnish ; to sully. ^ r. i. To become
soiled. « n. That wliich boIIr or pollutes ; spot ; stain.
WBtii'T^ (swft'rSO. n. [F., fr. soir evening, fr. L.
terui Ute.] An evenini? party.
So'loiim (sCjflm or 6«-jaru'), r. i. [OF. sojomer, fr.
L. tub under, about -\- diumus belougiug to the day.]
To tarry. — n. Temporary residence. — So'lOlini-Mr, n.
II Sol (s51), n. [L.] 1. The sun. 2. Gold.
Sol (sQl), n. [It.] (a) A syllable applied in solmiaa-
tiou to the note G, or to the fifth tone of any diatonic
scale. (6) The tone itself.
Sol'aoo (sOlts ; 2), n. [L. golnHumy fr. solan to con-
sole.] Comfort in grief ; relief. « v. /. 1. To cheer ; to
console. 2. To allay ; to soothe. — 8<ll'aoe-llieilt, n.
Sjn. — To comfort ; assuage : allay. See Comtobt.
SoOar (aO'lSr), a. [L. sofurts, it. sol sun.] 1. Pert,
to ttie sun. 2. Measured by the progreos of the sun.
Bold (s51d), imp. &p. p. of Sell.
Sol'der (sSd'Sr or sSl'dSr). n. [OP. soudmre, fr. sou-
der to solder, L. sotidare to make oolidO Metallic alloy
for uniting metallic surfacM. — v. f. To uulte (metallic
surfaces or edftes) by solder.
Sol'dler (HSl'jSr ; 26), n, [OF. soldier, soudier, fr. L.
solidus piece of money (pay of a soldier), fr. solidus solid.]
1. One engaged in military service ; one of an organised
body of combatants. 2. A private in miliUry service, as
disting. fr. an officer. 3. A brave warrior, —v. «. 1. To
serve as a soldier. 2. (aS'jSr) To make a pretense of per-
forming any task. [CoUoq. U. i9.]
SoI'dUr-ly, a. Like a soldier ; brave ; heroic.
80l'dier-7, n. Soldiers, collectively ; the military.
Bole (sSl ), n. [F. : L. solta ; named from its flat shape.
See SoLB of the foot.1 A marine flatfish ; flounder.
Solo (sOl), n. [As. soUy tt. L. solea, akin to solum
rund, soil, sole of the foot.] 1. Bottom of the foot.
Bottom of a shoe or boot, or piece of leather consti-
tutiuff it. — V. t. To furnish (a shoe, etc.) with a sole.
8di0,a. [L.«o/i/«.1 1. Only- 2. Single ; unmarried.
Srn. — Single; hidividual; only; alone; solitary.
Bol'O-Oirai (sOIt-sTz'm), n. [Gr. <roAoucta;Mc, fr.
o^^Aoucof speaking incorrectly, fr. the corruption of the
Attic dialect among colonists of loAoi in Gilicia.] 1. An
impropriety of language ; deviation from idiom or from
rules of syntax. 2. Any unfitness or impropriety, in
deeds, manners, etc. — BM'e-dst (-sTst), n.
8jn. — Barbarism ; impropriety ; absurdity.
Solely (nWnV), adv. Siuglv ; alone ; only.
Sol'emn (nSl'Sm), a. [OE. & OP. solempne, L.
sofemnis ; sollus all -{-annus a year; prop., that takes
Slice eveiy year; — used of religious solemnities.] 1.
arked with religious rites and pomps ; sacred. 2. 8e-
rionn; grave; devout. 3. Affoctedly iterioim.
Syn. — Formal ; ritual : sober : devout. See Gravb.
SO-lem'lll-ty (t^-iem^il-tj^), n. [L. solrmnitas.'\ 1.
A relieious or ritual ceremony. 2. Ceremouiousness ;
formal dignity ; gravity. 3. Awe ; reverence. 4. Pro-
ceeding according to due legal form ; neoesaary formality.
Sol'em-nlxe (sOl'Sm-nIz), v. t. 1. To p(>rform with
solemn ceremonies, or according to legal fonim. 2. To
celebrate. 3. To make grave. — 8ol'eiII-Bl*ia'tlOII. n.
Sol'emil-ly, ndv. in a itolemn manner ; formally.
Sol'emn-neu, n. Tlie being solemn ; solr>nmity ;
impreMsivenewt ; gravity. [Written al so *o/^w new.]
Sol'-ta' (851'f K'). r. i. [imp. vtr p. p. Sol-faed (fad') ;
p. or. & vb. n. Sol FAiNo.l [It. sol/a gamut, fr. tlie
syllables /a, sol.] To 8ing the notett of the gamut.
So-Uo'lt (M8-lT«at). r. t. [U solliritare, fr. toUicitu*
wholly ((f. *., violently) moved ; tollus whole -f- r»7wjr,
p. p. of ciers to excite.] 1. To shK e.ime8tly ; to make
petition ta 2. To seek ; to plead for. 3. To excite to
action ; to invite. — Bo-Uo'i-Utloil (sd-ITt/T-fi'»hliu), n,
Sjrn. — To ask : crave : entreat ; beg. See Bisbecb.
So-lic'lt-or (-Sr), n. 1. One who solicita. 2. (tr) An
attorney or advocate. (6) The law officer of a city, town,
department, or government.
So-Uoll-OIIS (-ils), a. Disposed to soUcit ; eager to
obtain something desirable, or to avoid anything evil —
Bo-Uo^lt-ons-ly, adv. - Bo-Uc'it-oiis-iMn, *».
So-Ufil-tlltfe (T-tud), n. A being solicitous ; uneasi.
nesa of mind occasioned by fear of evil or dei>ir«> of goo<L
Syn. — Carefulness : concern ; anxiety. See Cakb.
SOind (sQlTd), a. [L. «o/i<ir/«.] 1. Having the con-
stituent wu-ts so firmly adhering as to reciht pent tratiou
of other bodies ; hard ; firm ; compact. 2. «ol hollovi ;
full of matter ; dense. 3. Having all the geometriral
dimensions; cubic. 4. Strong; kUble; uuyU'lding. 6^
Worthy of credit or esteem ; subfetaiitial ; genuine, —n.
1. A eubfttaiKi^ l,^. Ii ^ .^ Zx^d U^ r ^^s f.uid. 2. Ageo-
m< t rii 'i\. \ II 1 1) irii i \ w \W J i5i v i 1 1 ^ Wx t^t it, br*- n d Mi, .sod tliickne«a.
BaJid, uie]*. nn ciTit^h" rrrntif'il liy t^mi" ^r more plane
autii'^. ti^i ill tiM- Nui^e L>Uijie, m^etujg \\\. u iwint.
Hyii, tHU^m , H AiLfj : flrm i ('{jntpiict \ tt r jng ; subatan*
tislL atibl--; fttuuHl \ ri-nl - vjilid ; tru« ; iist; weighty;
gpkvf* \ liiii.iGrt4uit. - huiifi Hud A^n/ bHIi ii latetotne m-
teriL^l roust it utiou cf bvdi^^; Init hmA ilr notes a more
imiHruetrai le nature of a tirmrradht^rrmf -if the cooing
neiit f^nrte lliMi tiA^d. Jttnftt ji op|iDs«d Iv- f^t, and solid
iofiin'tfn ifjind, oj.fH. or Aotlfiw,
Sol i dftf'i C)f 1 1 iJtlrT-t5->, n. Entjtv oibnorcoiuoli-
daii n if lEitiTc^U hbd Ttt^jtomtbllHU-M ; cimimunity.
Bo Um If ^^A^iun^rri. *-. t. & r. To ui^ke or become
SOliO ; to ijcirdtti. — BO^liAl fl^catlOO, "■
So-1141-ty {-IS\ n. 1. A Trt iiLff iM lid , Lenslty ; corn-
pa.- luf-^nL r.tr^'htiiiii ; > ]u£'*^: iHKt]Ay t matter by
wl L .t . i-iL;, .. , i : . r restpst all Qtljors; maa^ive-
ness. 2. Moral firmneEs; validity; truth; certainty.
3. Solid contents of a body ; volume.
Syn. — Firrouefes; solidness; hardness; density; com-
pactness ; strength ; soundness ; validity ; certainty.
Soind-ly (h5ITd-lj^), ndr. In a solid manner ; densely ;
compactly ; firmly ; truly. [ness ; truth. |
Soind-neu, n. 1. A being solid ; solidity. 2. Souud-
II Sol'ld-nn'KU-U (-fin'gd-U), n. pi. [NL. . f r. L. soli-
dus -j- ungula hoof.] A tribe of ungulates hicluding tbe
horse, ass, etc. [to Ulk to one's self, i
80-Ul'0-qillie (sft-ITI'ft-kwIx), r. i. To utter soliloquy ; I
Bo-Ul'O^ny (-kwj^), n. [L. soliloguinm ; solus alone
•f loqui to speak.] A talking to one's self : monologue.
Boilped (sSlT-pM), fi. \J. soliphie, prob. fr. L. soli-
dipes solid-footed, whole-hoofed.] A mammal having a
single hoof on each foot, as the lioroes and asses ; one of
tbe solidungiila. [Written also sotip^e.l
SoUUlre' (tftr'), n. [F. See Boutast ] 1. One
who lives in solitude ; a recluse ; hermit. 2. A single
diamond, or other precious stone, set alone. 3. A game
which one person can play alone.
Soll-U-ry (-T-tt-ry), a. [I^ sohtarius, fr. solus : cf . F.
solitaire.'\ 1. Living or being by one'sself ; single ; lonely.
2. Performe<l or endured alone. 3. Not much frequented ;
remote from society ; desolate ; dismal. 4- Single ; sole.
— n. One who lives alone ; hermit ; recluse.
Sol'l-tnde (-tud), n. [P., fr. L. solUvdo, fr. solus.^
1. A being alone, or withdrawn from society. 2. Re-
moteness from sooiety. 3. A solitarv place ; desert.
Syn. - SoLrrroa; RrriBBMEia"; BBCLirsioK; Loxbu-
KBss : solitarineM. ~ Retirrment is a withdrawal from gen-
eral society, implying that one has been engaged in ite
scenes. Solitude descri bes t he fact that one Is alone ; ae-
elusion, that he is shut out from others ; Umelineu, that
he feels the oppression of being alone.
Soao ( sS'ld ), n. . pi. E. Solos (-15z), It Sou (-16). [It. ,
ir. L. «o/u«.] A tune, air, strain, or whole piece, played by
a sinffle person or sung by a single voice. — 8o^o4st,
Sol'sdco (sSl'stTs), n. [L. solsiUium ; sol the sun +
sistere to cause to stand, store to stand.] (a) Point in
1, «, 1,8, a, long : &, «, 1, 6, 0, t. short; aeaAte,«veat, Idea, Obey, Quite, c4re, ttrm, ask, «ll, fiiM|).
SOLSTITIAL
629
SOOT
SolktiM.
the adlpUc at which the sun La farthest from the equa-
tor, north o*"
■outh. (6) Time
of the sun'a paae*
faif theaolaUcee,
or •oUtitial
points, namely,
about Jmie 21 aud
December 21.
Sa-Btl'tUl
(•dl-atTsh'ol), a.
1. Pert, to a aol-
•tice. 2. Happen-
ing at a solstice ;
hi^ipening st tite
•ommer solstice,
or midsummer.
Sid'a-lito (-ft-
hn),a.[L.M>/uM-
lUj f r. aolveref to-
tutum^ to loosen,
dissolve.] 1. Sus-
ceptible of being dissolved in a fluid. 2. Susceptible of
being solved, disengaged, or explained. — 8<ll'V-1U«-IIM8,
Sol's-tdll-ty, n.
B Soans (sSIQs), a. [L.] Alone.
So-lntloil (-lu'sliOn), n. [L. sotntio^ fr. totvere, *olu-
tum, to loosen, dissolve.] 1. A separating the parts of
any body, or undergoing a separation of parts ; disrup-
tion ; breach. 2. A solving, or being solved ; explana-
tion ; clearing up. 3. A behig d isaol ved or disintegrated ;
resolution ; disintegration. 4. Act or process by whicli
a body (solid, liquid, or gaseous) is absorbed into a liquid,
and, remaining or becoming fluid, is diffused throughout
ttie solvent; chemical product resulting from such
ahsorptioa. 6. (n) Termination of a disease ; resolution.
(M A crisis, (c) A liquid medicine or preparation in
which the solid ingredients are wholly soluble.
8lfl'a-ttT« (sSl'ft-tTv), a. Tending to dissolve ; Uxative.
BtHWm^VU (s51v'4-b*l), a, 1. Susceptible of behig
■ohred, resolved, or explained. 2. Csipable of behig paid
and discharged. — SolT'A-bl^-liaM, SolT'A-lltll-ty, n,
8q1t« (s)Hv), V. /. [L. aolrere^ tolulum ; fr. prefix «o-,
•xpreasiug separation (of. Subbr) -f lucre to loosen.] To
explain; to clear up (what it. obscure or difBcult to be
nnderstood) ; to work out to a result or conclusion.
Syn.— To explain; resolve; unfold; clear up.
Sld'Veat (slU'vent), a, [L. wlveru, p. pr. of sotvere.}
1. Able to dissolve ; dissolving. 2. Able to pay all just
debt-^— n. 1. A substance used in solution, or in dissolv-
ing something. 2. That which resolves.— Sol'ven-oy, n.
BO^BUI-tOl'O-gy (s5'mA-t9l'^-jj^ ), n. [0 r. owfio, tnofia-
TD«, body -f- 'logy.'\ 1. Doctrine or science of the general
prM»erties of material substances. 2. Anatomv.
aMBlMr (sSm^bSr), SoDilne, Somliroiis (-brfis), a.
[P. Mombre; cf. Sp. sombra shade ; L. siib under -|- ftn-
6ra shade.] 1. Dull ; dusky : gloomy. 2. Melancholy ;
■ad ; graye. — BomlMr-lT, Snm'hn-Xj, adv.
.l80IB-1in^ (sftm-brS'rd), n. [Sp., fr. gombra.'\
Brottd-brimmed hat, worn in Spain and Spanish America.
Boom (sQm), a. [AS. turn; akin to E. aame.'\ 1.
Consisting of a greater or leas portion or sum ; — used to
express an indefinite quantity or number, also pronomi-
naily. 8. A certain ; one. 3. Not much ; a littl«^. 4.
About ; near; more or less. 6. Considerable. 6. Certain ;
those of one part or portion ; — disting. f r. other or other*.
7* A part ; a portion ; — used pronominally.
SoOM'bOd-y (stim'bSd-j^), fi. 1. One unknown or un-
certain ; some person. 2. A person of importance.
Btmi^hSW (-hoo'), adv. In one way or another ; in
■one way not designated ; by some means.
Ker-MBlt (ram'Sr-i^ilt), i n, [P. goubruatU a
i'er-Mt (ttfim'8r-s8t), I jump, leap, fr. L. m-
pm over -f- Moltu* a leap.] A leap in which one turns
his heels over his head and lights up<m his feet. [Writ-
ten also tummersauit, tommerset^ tummertet, etc.]
Sonettalng (sOm'tbTng), n. 1. Anythhig unknown
or not specifically designated ; a certain indefinite thins ;
indeterminate or unknown event ; tmspecifled task, woiv,
or thing. 2. A part; portion, more or less; a little.
3. A person or thing of importance. — o<fv. In some
degree ; somewhat ; to some extent ; at some distance.
Somd'tlllld' (-timO, odr. 1. At a past time indefinite-
ly referred to ; once ; formerly. 2. At a time undefined ;
once in a while ; now and then ; sometimes. 3. At one
time or other hereafter, —a. Having heea formerly.
SomellmM' (-timzO, adv. At times; at iutervals;
not always ; now and then ; occasionally.
Some^irlUlt' (-hw 5t/), n. 1. More or leas ; something.
2. A somebody. « adv. In some measure ; a little.
Some^irlMre' (-hwftr'), adv. In some place unknown
or not specified ; in one place or another.
So'inlta (85'mit), n. [Or. ow^a body.] One of the
segments of an animal, esp. of an articulate or vertebrate.
Som-iuuiinra-late (80m-nima>tt-iit), v. i, & l [l.
*omnu* sleep -f ambulare^ 4atum^ to walk.] To walk
when asleep. — Som-IUUB'Ira-U'tioll, n.
Som-namnra-llini, n. A condition of the nervous sys-
tem in which a sleeper performs actions appropriate to a
waking state ; noctambulism. — SODI-liamnini-llst, n.
Som-nlfer-OIIB (-nTftr-fis), a. [L. somni/er ; somnus
■\-ttrTt to bring.] Causing sleep ; soporific
oOm-lliPlO (-Tk), a. [L. somni/ieus ; tomnus -}- /aeere
to make.] Causing sleep ; somniferous.
Som-ml'o-qiieiioe (-uTi'i-kwens), eam-nnfo-^gaj
(-kwj^), n. A talking in sleep. — Sooi-llll'O-^lllst, n.
8<nB-llll'<Hnunui (-kwlis), a. [L. wmnus -f ioqui to
speak.] Apt to talk in sleep.
Som'IIO-itllt (sOm'nft-lent), a. [P. ; L. »omnolentus,
fr. sotfMtu.) Sleepy; drowsy .— Som'no-leat-ly, adv.
— Som'no-iBiioe, Somriio-lea-oy, n.
Bon (sfin), n. [AS. tunu; akin to Or. vuk son.]
1. A male child. 2. Male descendant, however distant ;
inj>/., descendantoingeneraL 3. (With the def. article)
Jesus Christ, the Savior.
So'lUUBt (sQ'nant), a. [L. tonanSf -nantiSf p. pr. of
gonare to sound.] 1. Pert, to sound; sounding. 2.
Uttered with tone or vocal sound, as disting. fr. mere
breath sound ; vocal ; tonic. — n. A sonant letter.
80-lUia« (sft-nii't&), n. [ft., fr. It. & L. gonare.^ A
musical composition for one or two instruments.
SOBC (sSng), n. [A.S., fr. gingan to sing.1 1. That
which Is sung whether by man, or by a bird, insect, etc.
2. Poem adapted to vood music; ballad. 3. Poetical
composition : poetry ; verse. 4. A mere trifle.
Song'lter. n. [AS. «an^<f re female singer.] 1. One
skilled in singing. 2- A smging bird.
Soiur'ltTtM, n. A female singer.
So-mfer-OU (sft-nTfSr-lis), a. [L. MmtM sound -4-
-feroug.'} Sounding ; producing sound ; conveving sound.
8<m'-lll-4AW' (stLntn-lftOt *>• Husband of one*a
daughter.
SmilMt (sSn'nSt), n. [P.., fr. It gonetto^ fr. twmo a
sound, song, fr. L. gonng a sound.] A poem of 14 lines,
— two stanzas, called the oetai-e, being of 4 verses each,
and two stanzas, called the gegtet^ of 3 verses each, the
rhymes being adjusted by a particular rule. ^r. i. To
compose sonnets. — BoufBitft-991* (-SrO, n.
So-nofroilS (s^-nS^rOs), a. [L. gonorug^ fr. gonor^ -norig^
sonnd, akin to gonus."] 1. (}iving sound when struck ;
resonant. 2. Loud-sounding. 3. Vocal; sonant. 4.
Impressive in sound ; high-sounding. — filo-IIOtOIW-ly,
adr. — So-notont-neM, So-nor^-ty (-n»rT-tj^), n.
8<m'llllp (stin'^hTp), n. State or character of a son.
Soon (sS&n), adv. [AS. gUnc.] 1. In a short time.
2. Without the usual delay ; early. 3. Readily ; easily.
Soo-sllOIIC' (sfi^-AhSng'), n. Souchong.
Soot (sd6t or soot), n. [AS. gOt.] Black substance
fSm, rsoent, 6rb, n|de, f ^ ftm, food, f<jbt, out, oU, cbair, go, sinsi i||h« then, tl&in.
84
SOOTH
630
SOUND
formed by conabustiou ; fliie powder, cottairtlng chiefly
of carbon, which colors stnoke. ^ r. i. To cover or drew
with aoot ; to smut with soot. [Truth ; reality. I
Sooth (sSoth), a. ; also, aJr. [A8.«d^.] True.— n.|
SootllO («aoth), V. t. [AS. getOifian to prove the
truth of.] 1. To assent to ; to humor by compliance ; to
flatter. 2. To assuage ; to comfort. — SooUl'er, m.
Srn. — To allay ; compose ; mollify : pacify ; mitigate.
Soottl'say' (sSoU/aOt v. i. ISoolh -^ny; prop., to
say truth.] To foretell; to predict.
SOOth'say^er, n. 1. One who foretells evenU by
soothsaving ; prognosticator. 2. A mantis.
Sootn'say'illCt n. Prediction ; prophecy.
SooTT (ad6t7 or s5&t'-)i <>• [AS. Mdtig.^ \. Pert,
to, producing, or soiled by, soot. 2. Having a dark
brown or black color like soot ; duskv. — Soot'l'lieflS, n.
8op (s6p)t n. [AS. sfipan to sup, sip, drink.] 1. Any-
thing steeped, or dipped and softened, in liquid ; some-
thing dipped in broth, to be eaten. % Anything, given
to pacify. — V. t. To steep or dip in liquid.
gq^lm (FSfTz'm), n. [Or. oo^tafAo, fr. vo^Ctwto
nudie wise, ow^ wise.] ReiMonhig of a sophist ; fallacy.
8<Vll1St, n. [Or. oo^umjf.] L One of a class who
taught eloquence, philosophy, and politics in ancient
Greece. 2. Impostor in srgument ; fallacious reasoner.
8opll1St-or, n. 1. A sophist. 2. An English oniver-
aity student after the first year of his residence.
So-phlstio (»«-fTs'tTk), ) a. Pert, to a sophist ; em>
So-^hls'tlO-al (-tT-kal). i bodying sophistry ; falla-
ciously subtile ; not sound. — So-^llBtlO-Al-ly, adv.
So-^hls'tl-Oftte (-tl-kiit), r. /. To adulterate ; to per-
vert. - 8o-iMiiirti-oato, So-phls^-oi'tod, a. - 8o-
phlS'tl-Gft'tlOO, n. — SO-phlS'tl-Oft'tOr, n.
8ru. — To adulterate ; debase ; corrupt : vitiate.
SOphlst-ry (sdrnrst-rj^), n. Fallacious reasoning.
Syn. — See Fallact.
Soph'O-more (-^-mSr), n. [Prob. fr. tophister -i- Or.
ItMft^ foolish.] One belonging to the second of the four
classes in an American college, or one next above a fresh-
man. ~ Sopll'O-morlo (-mSr^k), 80|Al^O-morfUHd, a.
II So'por (s5'|>9r), n. TLJ Profound sleep.
Sop'O-rtfor-OllB (sOp^O-rlfSr-fis), a. [L. topf»ifer;
sopor ■\- Jtrre to bring.] Causing sleep ; somniferous.
Bop^O-rlflo, a. [L. »ow)r -f facere to make.] Sop-
oriferous. ^n. A medicine, drug, plant, or other ageot
that induces sleep ; a narcotic.
8yn. — Somniferous ; narcotic ; opiate ; anodsme.
So-pn'no (s^-prK'ni), n. ; pL E. Sopranos (-nSs), It.
Soprani (-nS). [It., fr. soprano superior, highest, fr.
sopra above, L. siipra."] {a) The treble; the highest
vocal register ; highest kind of fenisle or boy*s voice ;
upper part in harmony for mixed voices. (6) Singer
with a treble voice. [jurer ; enchanter ; magician. I
Sor'oor-or (fe8r'»Sr-«r), n. , Sor'oor-aM, n. /. A con- 1
Sor'Oer-OIIB (-&»)• f. Pert, to sorcery.
Sor'OOr-y (-y), n. [OK. & OF. sorcene, fr. OF. #or.
eier sorcerer, LL. sortiaritiSy fr. L. *of*, sortis^ a lot,
fate, destiny.] Divination by assistance of evil spirits ;
magic ; necromancy ; witchcraft ; enchantment.
Sor'did (-did ), a. [L. soriUdus. f r. soniera to be dirty.]
1. Tile ; base ; gross. 2. Meanly avaricious ; niggardly.
Soro (H9r), a. [AS. sar.] 1. Tender to the touch;
painful. 2. Sensitive ; easily pained or vexed. 3. Severe ;
distreMsing. — n. 1. Place in an animal body where the
flesh is tender or painful. 2. Orief ; trouble. — adv. X.
In a sore manner ; grievously. 2. Oreatly ; violently ;
deeply. — Sonly, adv. — SOTf 'IMM, n.
Sor^glmill (sQr'g&m), n. [NL., prob. of Chinese ori-
gin.] (a) A genus of grasses, of the millet kind. (6)
Chinese sugar cane.
Sor'gO, n. [It.] Indian millet and iU varieties.
So-rorf-OlflO (-rOr^-Md ), n. [L. sororicida^ and sorori-
eidinm ; soror dster -}- caedere to kilL ] Murder of one*s
sister ; murderer of one's own sister.
So-ro'sis (aft-rysTs), n. [NL.] A woman^ dob.
II So-IO'als, n. [NL., fr. Or. <mp6f a bMq>.] A fle^v
fruit formed by consolidation of many flowers with tlieir
receptacles, ovariee, etc., as the mulberry and pineapple.
Sor'kol (sSr'rfil), a. [F. Mtir, sanre^ prob. of Teutonic
oriffin.] Yellowbh. — n. A reddish brown color.
florrol, A. [F. surdity It. Mr, OHO. «fir soar.] One
of various plants having sour juice.
Bor'H-Iy (-rT-l|), adv. In a sorry manner ; poorly.
Sor'TOwC-ri),*). [AS. MT^, «orA.] Pain of mind from
loss or disappointment. — v. i. To be torr>- ; to grieve.
Syn. — Regret ; sadness ; mourning. Bee Arrucnov,
andORnr.
Sor'row-flll, a. [AS. sargfvl.'] 1. Full of corrow ;
sad ; distressed. 2. Producing sorrow ; exciting grief ;
mournful.— 8oi'roW-flll-l7,tf(/r.~8or^W-(ia-llMa,m.
Syn. — Sad; dismal; grievous; doleful; di^treasinK*
8or^ (-rj ), a. FAS. *Srig, Ir. sar sore.] 1. 0 rieved ;
feeling regret. 2. Melanchely. 3. Poor; ^ortbleaa.
Syn. — Hurt ; mortified ; poor ; mean ; pitiful.
Bolt (tdrt), n. [F. sorte, fr. L. sors, tortis, a lot, part.]
1. A collection of individuals of like qualities; claaa;
order ; kind ; species. 2. Manner ; lorm of being or act-
ing. 3. A pair ; set ; suit.
Oat of sorts, with some letters or sorts of type deficient
in the case or font ; hence, out of order ; ill : disturbed.
Syn. — Sort ; Kind : species : rank ; condition.— Jifnd
orieinally'denoted things bound together by nstnral af-
finity ; and hence, a class. Sort signifies that which cosk-
stitutes a particular lot or parcel.
Sort, V. f. 1. To separate and classify (things havinif
different qualities). 2. To reduce to order. 3. To se-
lect; to culL— r. «'. 1. To associate with others; to
agree. 2. Tosuit ; to fit. — Soit'er,ii. — Soit'a-blO,o.
Sortto (sdr'tt), n. [F., fr. soriir to go out, to Issue.]
Sally of troops from a besieged place to attack besiegen-.
£cini-leco (-tT-lSj), n. [F. sortinge. It. L. sots, sar-
tis.ti lot 4- legere to gather, select.] A drawing loCe.
BO'-MK (sS'fcO'), a. [So -f so.} Neither very good
nor very bad ; middling ; indiffen-nt. « adr. Tolerably.
Sot (ft^k), n. [F., fr. LL. sotlvs ; of ur.known origin.]
One stupefied by excessive drinking ; an hsbitnal dmnk-
srd.-8otaiali,a.-8otaiaii-ly.a(fr.-8o(11sk-iion,is.
liSortO ▼O'CO {iSVit \0^cht). [It.] 1. With a re-
strained voice. 2. Spoken in an und«>rtone.
Son {t6b), H, [F. ; OF. so/, fr. L. sotidus gold coin.]
An old French copper coin, worth a cent.
SoillnottO' (e5&/br«t0. n. [F.] A female servant ;
meddlesome, miechievous young woman.
SraOvl'qilOt' (feSS'brt'kt'), n. Sobriquet.
80tt^>llOO|[f (soo-sh8og'), n. [Chin, stou ehomg Uttle
plant or soi tTl A kind of black tea of fine quality.
Sooth (s&O, n. [Cr. Icel. siigr a rushing sound. AS.
BWdgan to sound, OS. svdgan to rustle.] A hollow mur-
mur or roaring. — v. i. To whistle or sigh, as the wind.
Soncht (B||t), imp. & p. p. of Skbz.
Soill(851), n. [AS. Mtref, s&wl.'] 1. The spiritual and
immortal part in man. 2. The seat of real life ; anima-
ting or essential part. 3. The leader ; inspirer ; movirg
spirit. 4. Energy ; courage ; fervor ; inherent power.
6. A human being ; a person. 6. A disembodied spirit.
8yn. — Spirit ; life ; courage : fire : ardor.
Soolloos, a. Without a soul ; mean : spiritlesa.
Soimfl (sound), n. [AS. nmd a swimming, akin to
E. s^cim.'\ The air bladder of a fish.
Sound, a. [AS. sund; perh. akin to L. sanus. Of.
Sank.] jU Whole ; unharmed ; free from flaw, defect,
or decay ; perfect of the kind. 2. Healthy ; not di^
eased. 3. Free from error; correct; right; true; or-
thodox. 4. Just ; not to be refuted : not fallaciooa.
6. Heavv ; laid on with force. 6. Undisturbed ; deep ;
profound. 7. Legal; vslid.— a</v. Soundly.
Soimd, n. [AS. sund.] Narrow passage of water, or
strait between the mainland and an island ; strait con-
necting two seaa, or a sea or lake with the ocean.
n, c, I, o, fl, loas i il, 6, 1, 6, tt, f, short ; santte, tvent, tdaa, 6bey, finite, oAre, ftrm, Ask, «n, flnaL
SOUND
631
SPADIX
SouA (sound), V. t, [F. tonder; of. AB. nmdgyrd
wmndiug rod, tundlino aoundiue Hue.] 1. To mtuisure
the depitti of ; u> fathom, esp. by a line and plummet.
S. To aecertiun the thought* and purposes of (a person) ;
to try ; to test. 3. To explore (the blailder, urethra, etc. )
with a sound ; to examine by auscultation or percussion.
— 9. i. To aicert:iin the depth of water with a sounding
line, etc. ^n. Probe for exploring cavities of the body.
g^mffi*, n. [OF. «on, sun^ ft, L. sonus.} 1. Percep-
ti(m by the ear of vibrations of the air ; noise ; report.
2. Theory of vibrations in elastic media such as cause
•ound. 3. Noise without signlflcatiou. — v. t*. 1. To
make a noise. 2. To be conveyed in sound ; to be i^nread
or published. 3. To convey a certain impression, when
heard ; to seem. — v. /. 1. To cause to make a noise ; to
play on (a trumpet, horn, etc.). 2. To cause to exist as
a sound. 3. To order or proclaim by sounds. 4. To
publish or proclaim. 6. To examine the condition of
(anything) by causing it to emit sounds.
Arand'-lKMUrA' (-bSrdO, n, A sounding-board.
SonnAlllfft a- Making or emitting sound ; sonorous,
•■n. 1. Act of one that sounds. 2. (a) Maaaurement
by sounding ; depth so ascertained. (6) Any part of the
ocean, etc., where a sounding line will reach the bottom.
(e) Bud, shells, etc., brought up bv tlie sounding lead.
SoumlfblC-lMMUfd' (-bSrd^ ), n. L A thin board which
propagated sound in a pi^no, violin, etc. 2. Structure
over a puluit to give distinctness to a speaker's voice.
Sounft'ly, adv. In a sound manner.
Bosild'liaM, n. The bebig sound or entire.
Srn.— Firmness; solidity; truth: rectitude.
Soiip (s5op), n. [OF. «op«, soupe^ perb. orig., a piece
of bread. Bee Sop.l Liquid food, usually made by boil-
hig meat or vegetables in water ; strong broth.
Boor (sour), a. [AS. «fir. Cf. Borebl the plant]
1. Having an add or sharp, biting taste ; acid ; tart. 2.
Acid, rancid, or musty; turned. 3. Cross; peevish;
morose. — n. A sour or acid substance. » r. /. & i. To
tarn from sweet to sour. — Soorly, adv. — Sonr'llMUl, n.
Booroe (sOrs), n. [F., fr. OF. Mor*^ p. p. of sordre^
aomrdre^ to spring fortli, f r. L. turgere to lift or raise up.]
1. The rising from the ground, or beginning, of a stream
ot water ; spring ; fountain. 2. Origin ; first cause.
Syn. — See Oeiow.
BoWonrat' (sour'krouf ), n. Sauerkraut.
Bouflall, a. Somewhat sour ; moderately acid.
Boom (sous), n. [OF. Mauue,"] 1. Pickle made with
salt. 2. Something steeped in pickle ; pickled ears, feet,
etc, of swine. 3. A sousing ; a plunging into water. —
V. /. 1. To pickle. 2. To plunge in water or any liquid.
3. To drench. — v. i. To swoop, as a bird upon its prey.
^adv. With a sudden swoop ; violently.
Boiltll (south; ^ Mi7or« sou), fi. [AS. sU&f for tunS ;
rib. akin to E. sun, meaning, the side towards the sun.]
That cardinal point directly opposite to the north. 2.
A country or place farther to the south than another. »
a. Lying toward the south ; proceeding toward tho aoiith,
<nr coming from the south ; southern. ^<r<fr. 1. Toward
the south ; southward. 2. From the south.
B<mttl (sont&), r. i. 1. To turn or move toward the
south. 2. To come to the meridian ; to cross the north
and south line ; —said chiefly of the moon.
Bontll'MSt' (sonth'Ssf ; hy sailors sou'-), n. The point
of the compass equally distant from south and east ; south-
east part or region. — n. Pert, to the southeast ; proceed-
ing toward, or coming from, the southeast.
Bootli'Msrer-ly, Bontli^east'eni, a. Pert to the
southeast ; going toward, or coming from, the southeast.
•» ndv. Toward the southeast
BatM^W (souther), n . A gale or storm from the south.
Bontli'er-ly (sSth'Sr-iy), Bontti'eni (-Sm), a. [AS.
sfkSem,'} Pert, to the south ; situated in, or proceeding
from, the south : situated or proceeding toward the south.
B-MT, n. An inhabitant of the south, esp. of
the Southern States of North America ; — opp. to North'
emer. [»outberly manner or course ; southward.!
Booth'em-ly, a. Somewhat scithem. — advt lu a|
Soiltll'eni-most' (-mSiit'), a. Farthest south.
Bontll'lllg (oouthTug), n. 1. Tendency or progress
southward. 2. Time when a heavenly body paases the
meridian of a place. 3. Distance of any heavenly body
south of the equator ; south declination ; soutli latitude.
4. Distance southward from any point of reckoning,
measured on a meridian ; — oppoited to northing.
Bontll'IOII (sQth'rOn), n. Inhabitant of tlie southern
part of a country ; Scottish name for an Englishman.
Boatll^wajnl (south'wSrd ; coUoq. slSth'Srd), adv. To-
ward the south, or toward a point nearer the south than
the east or west point. — a. Toward the soutli. — n. The
soutliem regions or countries. — Sovtlt'warilS, adv.
Soath'wast' (south^wSsf ; colloq. sou'-), n. Point of
the compass equally distant from south and west ; soutli-
west re^on.^a. Pert, to, or toward, the southwest;
procreediug toward, or coming from, the southwest
Boatti'W6st'flr-iy, Boutb^west'em, a. Pert to the
southwest; toward or from the southwest —iic/v. To-
ward the southwest
Boil'Te nlr' (s^&'ve-nSr' or s55v'uSr), n. [F., fr. mu-
r«nir to remember, fr. L. subvenire to come to mind ;
sub under -f- venire to come.l That which serves as a
reminder ; memento ; keepsake.
Bov'er-elgii (siiv'Sr-Tu or kSv'Sr-), a. [OE. & OF.
soverain, LL. superanusy It. L. superus higher, fr. super
above.] 1. Suinreme or highest in power ; chief. 2. In-
dependent of, and unlimited by, any other ; possessing
original authority. 3. Princely; royal. 4. Predomi-
nant; utmost 6. Effectual; controlling. —n. 1. The
person, bodv, or state in which supreme authority is
vested ; a king, queen, or emperor. 2. A gold coin of
Great Britain, worth one pound sterling, or about $4.86.
Sovsrelga stats, a state which administers its own gov-
ernment, and is not dependent upon another power.
Syn. — King; prince; monarch; potentate; emperor.
Bov'tr-etgn-ty (-tj^), n. Quality or sUte of being
sovereign, or of being a sovereign ; dominion ; sway ; su-
premacy ; independence ; a sovereign state.
Bow (sou), n. [AS. sttgUf akin to L. sus^ Qt. ^, o^.]
The female of the hog kind.
Bow (sS), V. t. [imp. SowKD (pM) ; p. p. SowH (sOn)
or SowKO ; p. pr. & rb. n. Sowing.] [AS. saican ; akin
to L. sererey sevi."] 1. To scatter (seed) upon the earth ;
to plant by strewing ; to spread abroaid ; to propagate.
2. To supply or stock (land) with seeds ; to scatter over ;
to besprinkle.— r. i. To scatter seed for growth.—
SoWer, n. [ese liquid sauce for fish, etc. I
8oy(soi),n. [Chinese «Ad^.] A Chinese and Japan- 1
Spa (spa), n. A spring of mineral water;— from a
place of tliis name in Belgium.
BpACe (spis), n. [F. espace^ fr. L. spatium space.]
1. Extension. 2. Place, having more or less extension ;
room. 3. Distance from one thing to another ; interval.
4. Quantity of time; interval between two points of
time; duration. 6. (a) Small piece of metal lower than
a face type, used to separate printed words or letters.
(b) Distance between words or letters in the lines, or be-
tween lines, as in books. 6. One of the intervals between
the lines of the musical staff, ^r. /. To arrange the
spaces in or between (words, lines, or letters).
Bpa'dOU (sni'shSs), a. [L. spntiosfis.} 1. Extend-
ing far and wide ; vast in extent. 2. Inclosing an ex-
tended npnce ; capacious ; roomy. — SlM'cioilS-ly, adv.
Spade (spiM), n. [AS. spmdv, spada.) 1. Implement
for digging. 2. One of that suit of cards which bears
figures resembling a spade. — r. /. To dig with a spade.
BpadAfnl (-fiiil), n. ; pi. SPAUurnLs (-fvlz). As much
as a spade will hold or lift
BM'dlZ (spiMTkR), n. / pL L. Spadicbs (spA-dT'sSs),
E. Spadixss (spi'dTks-ex). [L., a palm branch, with its
fSm, reotfut, 6rh, r^de, f^ ftm, ftfbdt tditt, cmfc, oU, elMlr, go, sins, ink, then, thin.
SPAGHETTI
632
SPAWN
fruit.] A fleahy spike of ilowera, asuAlly Indoaed in %
leaf called % tpaihe.
II SpA-Kliat'tt (apA^gef t«), n. [It]
MAcaroulmade io small tubes.
llSpaOll KapKltS),!!. .
SpaOlMJ & Hind. tipahL
POT.]
[Per., Turk.»
jmhL See SB-
Turkish or Algerian cavalryman.
I (spiu), archaic imp. of Snii.
^ I, n. [AS. tpann.] 1. Space
from end of tbe thumb to end of the ex-
tended little finger ; nine inches ; eighth
of a fathom. 2. Small space ; brief tune.
S. Spread of an arch between abut-
ment*, or of a beam, triwe, roof , gpndix and 8path« of In-
bridge, etc., between its sup- duui Turnip, a Spathe i
ports. 4. A pair of horses or be Spadix; at e the
other animals driven together. *^?:*':r..?J\°TK.^I2Sfi'
-I'./. 1. To measurely the openins cut in tbe Spathc.
span of the hand. 2. To stretch over as an arch.
BMn'Cle (spaQ'gM), n. IA&. sponge.'] 1. Small plate
of shining metal. 2. Any little thing that sparkles. »
V. t. To sprinkle with small, distinct, briUiuit bodies.
>—«.<. To glisten ; to glitter.
Spui'laia (spiu'ySrd), n. An inhabitant of Spah^
Spanfll (-ySI), n. [OF. etpagneul Spanish, Sp. u-
paMol, fr. EspaHa Spain, L. Hispania."] Small, long-
haired sportinig dog, of several varieties.
SpABiflllf a. Pert, to Spain or the Spaniards. — n.
The language of Spain.
Spanish hayonst, Bpaaiah daggsrs, a liliaceous plant, of
the Southwestern United States and Mexico, having
rigid spine-tipped leaves. — Spanish fly, a brilliant green
bMtle, common in the south of Europe, used for raising
blisters ; blister beetle. — Spanish macksrel, a food fish of
the coasts of Europe and America. — Snaalsh bsIb, old
name for the Caribbean Sea and the contiguous coast.
SpAllk (spInk), r. /. [Of unknown origin.] To strike
(the breech) with the open hand. ^n. A slap.
SpiUlk, V. i. To move quickly.
SpABk'er. n. 1. One who f^Mnks; instrument for
spanking. 2. After sail of a ship or bark. 3. Something
very large ; a whopper. [Colloq.'\
fl^anking, a. Moving with a lively pace.
IVan'lMr (spIn'nSr), n. 1. One that spans. 2. An
iron lever to turn nuts upon screws ; a wrench.
Bmb'— B0W' (-nuOt <*' [Icel. gp&nnffr^ P'^P** ^^^ '^
% chlpjust split ; tp&nn chip -h nffr new.] Quite new.
Svwi'WOnil' (-wfirmOt n. Larva of any geometrid
motli, na the canker-
worm ; a geometer ; ,
measuring worm. 'ra^ a
Siwr(ap&r).n. [AS. — •^
jpcrr in ipvrstan chalk-
stone; akin to MHO. „ , „ ,,. .
soar 1 Old name for Homed Spanworm (yntiafornrnpa
*^^'^ r!„ ^, JL, fln»>ri,laria) of the Sfnwherry,
a nonmetallic mineral, ^„„. ^^ «, i^^vs, nst. dzc i 6
usually cleavable and imago,
somewhat lustrous.
SpAT. n. [Akin to D. tpar.'\ Round timber used as
mast, yard, boom, or gaff. «— v. t. To equip %rith spars.
SpAT, V. i. [Cf. OF. exparer to kick, Icel. tperra to
struggle.] 1. To strike with feet or spurs, as cocks
do. 2. To use the flats and arms scientifically in attack
or defense: to box. »n. 1. Contest at boxing. 2.
Movement of offense or defense In boxinp.
Spar'a-ble (spSr'A-b'l), n. [Corrup. fr. sparrow bill.]
A small nail used by shoemakers.
Span (^pfir), r. t. [AS. tpnrian^ fr. spirr spar«, spar-
ing, saving.] 1. To u»>« fnigally or stintingly ; to save.
2. To keep to one's self ; to forbear to give. 3. To pre-
sf»rve from danger or punishment ; to show mercy to.
4. To save or gain : to rpserve, as from some occupation,
use, or duty. 6. To do without ; to dispense with : to
give up. — r. i. 1. To be frugal or parsimonious. 2. To
uMmeroyorfoibearanoe.— a. 1. Scanty. 2.8pnring;
frugal: chary. S. Not wanted, or not used ; auperfinr
ous. 4. Held in reserve, to be used in an emergency.
6. Lean ; thin. — 8pArtl7t adv.—ButOntwm^n,
Bv^l^rW (suti^rTV), fi. [£:oore, a. + rt6.] Ptec*
of pork, consisting of ribs with Itttle flesh aa them.
Dpar^lax, a. Spare; saving; frugal; merdfoL —
SMTlnf -^t adv.
WfKtk (spiirk), M. [AS. tpearea.^ 1. A small parti-
cle of fire emitted by a baming body. 2. Small, shininy
body, or transient light ; sparkle. 3. Feeble germ ; ele-
mentary principle.
Sp«im,fi. [Icel. Jporib* lively, sprightly.] 1. A showy,
gay man. 2. A lover; gallant; beau.^v. i. To play
the qiark or lover. — i^aikilh, a.
apiir^e (spKr^'l), n. [Dim. of toarkJ] X. A Isttto
?ark; scintillation. 2. Brilliancy ; luster.— v. L & t.
To emit (sparks) ; to flash. 2. To emit (Uttle bub-
bles) ; to effervesce. — SparHdar, i». — SpM^dlDC, a.
Syn. — Brilliant ; shining. See Shikiso.
Sptt'rold (spTroid), a. [L. *parH$ kind of fish 4- -OMf.]
Pert, to the SpaHdm, a family of spinons-flmwd fialMa
including the soup, sheepshead, and sea bream.
Smi^TOW (splr'rd), n. [AS. tpearwa.'] Small bird
having a conical bill, and feeding on insects and aeeda.
toamw hawk, a small, ahort-winged hawk.
Spai'lIT (si^r'rj^), a. Like, or containing, spar.
Bpana (spiirs), a. [L. irpomw, p. p. of spargert to
scatter.] Thinly scattered ; not dense or close together.
Illgar'alm (si^sTm)7ade. [L.] Here and them.
BftltUki a. Pert, to Sparta ; hardy ; undaunted. —
n. An inhabitant of Sparta ; one of great fortitude.
Sptm (spis*m), 11. [Or. m^i^y fr. 9w«r to dmw,
cause convulsion.] 1. XnToluntaiy and unnatoral con-
traction of muscles or musculsr fibers. 2. Sodden, rith
lent, and temporary effort or emotion.
SMUI-modio (-mSdmc), a. 1. Pert, to, oecairlng in,
or characterised by, spasms. 2. Soon rekxed or ex-
oonvnldve; intermittent. — r. Medicine for
8p«HMdl04d, o.— 8pM-IMdl04a47, ad9,
ioWta^Ik),
8pMtlo(.
8p«t (spit), obt. imp.
8Mt, fi. [Fr. root of spit,
bivalve moUnsk. — r. <. A I.
; tetanic
Spasmodic
of Brrr.
To emit (spawn).
A jroong oyster or other
Spat. n. A petty combat ; little quarrel, disprte, or
dissemnon.* r. <. Todispnte.^v. f. To slap. [U.S.']
Ii8pa1lui(spi'th4),n. (X.1 Aspathe.-8pft-t]iA<-
oaovsTspd^tha'shas), SM'Uial, a.
8§mk (spitb), n. [Or. oirci^.l Involoore formed
of one leaf and inclosing a spadix. See Staoix.
SpftttllO (spithmonSpatk'OM' (-Ss/), a. Ukespar.
SMth'OM", Sptth'OU (-»s), a. Having, or like, a
apathe; spathaceons; spathal.
8^n«r (spStOSr), r. /. [Fr. root of «p<l saliva.] X.
To sprinkle with water, mud, etc. 2. To sprinkle around.
3. To hn jure by aspersion ; to defame.^ e. i. To spotter.
8pam-U(8pit^-14;40),n. [L.] Implement shaped
like a knife, flat, thin, and somewhst flexible,
used for apreading paints, planters, drugs, etc. ,
SpAt^Ultt. a. Shaped like a spatula or f
battledoor, being ronndish, with a long, nar- *
row, linear base. [Also written spatkuiate.l
SpaTin (spXv^n), ft. [OF. espnrrniHy ah
to esperrirr a sparrow hawk, f r. OHO. $pn
sparrow, because this disease makes the hoi
raise the infirm leg like a eparrow hawk.]
bony swelling on a horse*s hock as the rest
of infUmmatton of the bonea, and resulting in . . , .^
Umeness...8paT'lB«d,a. *l21f^
Spawn (span), V. /. & i. [OF. espandre to
shea, spread, L. expandert to qnead out.] To modnee
or deposit(egg8), as fishes or frogs do.— ». 1. The ova,
or the eggs, of fishes, oysters, and other aquatic animals
I, «, 1, 5, n, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, tt, tf "hort ; BwUtte, «v«it, Idea, 6bey. finite, oAra, Urm, *ak, tn, fla«L
SPAY
533
SPECULUM
2. Any product or ol^rtiv. 3. Badt or branchM from
nnlergrouud stemt.
^•7 ("PS)* V- (• [C^ Armor, spac^hein to geld, L.
spado a oiumch, Or. mraSmv.'] To remove or extirpate the
oraries of (a sow or bitch) ; to castrate (a female animal ).
Amik (spSk), V. i. & t. limp. Spou (sp5k) (Spakb
(spSk) Archaic) ; d. p. Sfokbm C«P^'u) (Srou, Olu. or
CoUoq.) \p.p.& vh. n. SPSAKora.] [AS. Mptcan, sprecan.1
1. To utter (words, etc.). 2. To aay ; to talk.
Srn. — To tell : conTerse ; pronounce ; utter.
l^aak'er (4Sr), n. 1. One who speaks, (a) One
wbo'pronoances a discourse. (6) One who is the mouth-
piece of others ; chairman. 2. A book of selections for
dedamaUon. [CT. ^.l—SMI^erslllp;. n.
teMlMng, a. 1. Uttermg speech. 2. Lifelike. — n.
1. An uttermg words. 2. Public declamation ; oratory.
SpMT (spSr), ». [AS. *pere.'\ 1. A long, pointed
weapon for thrusting or throwing ; lance. 2. A shoot,
as of grass; spire. ^ v. /. To pierce, or kill, with a
qiaar. «• v. <. To shoot into a long stem, as some pluits.
niWlfllll' (•pSr'lTsbO, n. ia) A large and powerful
fish related to the swordlhUi. (6) The carp sucker.
Spearfish ( Tktraptmu oBkdtal).
BpMStnaA, n. One armed with a spear.
I^MrlDtalt', n. A species of mint growing In moist
soil, and yieldiug an aromatic oil.
facial (spSdVal), a. [L. tpecialis, fr. tpecies. See
Sracm.] 1. Pert, to, or constituting, a species or sort.
2. Particular ; peculiar ; different from others ; extraor^
dinarr. 3. Appropriate. 4. Limited in range ; confined
to a definite field of action or discussion.
toedal partasr, a limited partoer ; a partner with a
reatrictedT responsibility ; — unknown at common law. —
9pttAal plsadiac, the allegation of special or new matter,
as 'fistins. fr. denial of matter previously alleged on the
otiier side ; specious argumentation of one seeking vic-
tory, and not troth. —In speeial, specially ; in particular.
Syn.— Specific ; distinctive ; particular ; exceptional ;
•ininlar. Bee PfecuLiAS.
Spe'dal-lSt, n. One devoted to some specialty.
Spo'Of-all-ty (spfish/T-UT-tj^), n. 1. A particular or
peculiar case; particularity. 2. A legal specialty. 3.
special characteristic of a person or thing; object of
qtecia] attention. 4. Quality peculiar to a species.
SP«'0lal47, adv. Particularly : especially.
Ut'Gba-ty, n. [F. spieiaiui.^ 1. Particularity.
2. A legal contract or obligation under seaT; a writing,
under seal, given as security for a debt particuUrly
speoifled. 3. That for which a person is distinguished,
or which he makes an object of special attention ; a
speciality. [money. I
fi^lM (spS'shT), n. [Fr. 9pecies.'\ Coin; hard|
Spe'OlM (-shSz), n. sing. & pi. [L., outward appear-
ance, shape, form, a particular kind, a species.] 1. A
logioa oon<>Bption subordinated to another conception,
ealled a genus. 2. In science, a group of existing things,
associated according to properties determined by scien-
tific observation. 3. A sort ; khid ; variety.
Sp^-GtMo (-sTfTlO, a. [F. spiciftque ; L. species -f
faeere to make.] 1. Pert, to, characterizing, or con-
stituting a species. 2. Specifying; precise; diacriirina-
tli^.— n. 1. A q>ecific remedy for disease. 2. Anythins
peculiarly adaptM to the purpose to which it is applied.
— 8p*-attiiHd-l7, adv. — Spe-etflo-al-ness, n.
Spaol-fl-MtlOII (spSs'T-ff-ki'BhQn). n. 1. A speci-
fying or determining by a mark or limit. 2. Particular
mention. 3. Statement containing a minute description
of particulars ; a single article or item specified.
BP9&l-tf (spSsT-fl), V. /. To mention or name, to as
to diitinguiBh from other things.
Spool-liMn, n. [L., fr. specere to look.] A part of
anything, or one of a numUer of things, exhibiting the
kind and ouality of the whole ; a sample.
Syn. — dpaoiMSif ; Samplb : model ; pattern. — A sped-
mm is a representative of the class o( ttmigs to which it
belongs. A sample \m a part of the thing itself, designed
to sho^ the quality of the whole.
Spe'ctoos (spS'shfis), a. [L. speciosus good-looking,
fr. species appearance.] 1. Presenting a pleasing ap-
pearance ; showy. 2. Apparently right ; superficially
just or correct, but not so m reality ; plausible. — Spo'-
0loas-l7 ^pS'shOa-iy), adv. — Spe'clOIW-IMU, n.
Syn. — showy ; ostensible ; color^le. See Plaubibli.
Speck (sp8k), n. [AS. specca."] 1. A small discolored
place on anything ; spot ; stain ; blemish. 2. A very
small thing ; particle ; mite.— v. t. Tj spot ; to speckle.
Spet/kle (spSkHc*!), n. iDlm.otspfck.] A little speck
or spot in or on anythmg, of a different substance or color '
from the thing itself. — v. I. To mark with spots.
Speota-Ole (-tA-k'l), n. [F., fr. L. speclactUum^ fr.
spectare to behold.] 1. Something exhibited to view ;
remarkable or noteworthy sight ; show ; pageant ; gazing-
stock. 2. pi. An optical instrument consisting of two
lenses worn to assist sight or to shield the eyes.
Syn.— Show ; sight ; exhibition ; representation.
Spec/tA-Oled (-kUd), a. Wearing spectacles.
SpM-tAO^-lar (-tSk'tt-lSr), a. 1. Pert, to shows. 2.
Adapted to excite admiration by scenic effects. 3. Pert,
to spectacles, or glasses for the eyes.
SpM-ta'tor (-U'tSr), n. [L.] One who looks on or
beholds ; one personally present at any exhibition.
Syn. — Looker-on ; tieholder ; observer ; witness.
Spac-U'draM (-trSs), | n. [L. spectatriz.'\ A female
SpM-tA'UlZ (-trTks), I beliolder or looker-on.
Bpooter j (-tSr), n. [F. spectre^ fr. L. spectrum an
Speotre ) appearance, specter, fr. specere to look.]
Something pretematurally visible ; apparition ; giiost ;
phantom. [the spectrum. |
Spei/ttal, a. 1. Ghostly. 2. Pert, to, or made by, |
Speotro-SOOPO (-trd-sk5p), n. [Spectrum -\- -scope.^
Instrument to determine the composition of bodies by
passing through prisms the rays of light which they emit.
Speo^tmm, n. ; pi. Spbctra (-tr4). [L.] la) Rays of
light separated by refraction of a prism, etc. (6) A lumi-
nous image left on the eye after exposure to intense light.
Spec^-lar (-ft-lSr), a. [L. specularU.] Like a spec-
ulum, or mirror ; having a smooth, reflecting surface.
SpM/ll-Ut« (-lit), V. i. [L. sprculnri, 4atus, to ob-
serve, fr. specula a lookout, fr. specere to look.] 1. To
consider a subiect in its different aspects and relations ;
to tlieorize. 2. To purchase with tlte expectation of an
advance in value, and a consequent sale at a profit.
Spec'a-la'tion, n. 1. A speculating. (<i) Examina-
tion of anything in its various relations ; conteroplntion.
(6) A buying land, goods, shares, etc., in expectation of
selling at a higher price, (c) A business venture involv-
ing unusual riidis, with a chance for large profits. 2.
A mere theory ; notion ; conjecture.
Spao'll-lA-Ust (-li-tTst), n. A speculator ; theorist.
Speo'a-U-tlT* (-tTv), a. [Cf. F. spfculati/^ L. sprat-
Intivus.'} 1. Given to speculation ; contemplative. 2.
Involving, or formed by, speculation ; ideal ; tlieoretical.
3. Pert, to speculation in land, gooda, sliares, etc —
Spec/a-U-tiT« 17, adv. — Spec/a-U-tiTe-ness, n.
Speo'Q-la'tor (-lii'tSr), n. [L., a spy, explorer, inves-
tigator.] One who Rpeculates. (n) A theorist. (6) One
engaged in commercial speculation. '^
SpM/n-U-tO-ry (-14-t6-ry ), a. [L. speculatorius belong-
ing to spies.] 1. Intended for viewmj? or espyinp ; hav-
ing oversight. 2. Exercising speculation ; speculative.
Speo'Q-llim, n. ; pi. L. Spbcula (-]&), E. SPBruLum
(-Itlmz). [L. ; fr. specere.] 1. A mirror. 2. A reflector
fSm, rscAit, Orb, r|}da, f^ llm, food, fdbt, out, oU, ehair, bo» >*nff> io^ tbsn, thin.
SPED
534
SPIEGEL IRON
of polished metal, eap. one used in reflecting teleaccpes.
3* A surgical instrument for dilating certain passages
of the body, and throwing light witliin tliem. 4. A
lustrous patch of color on a bird's wing.
Sped (sp6d), imp. & p. p. of Spbxd.
Speeoll (spSch), n. [AS. spSCf *prBCt fr. tpeean,
tprecan^ to speak.] 1. Faculty of expressing thoughts
by words ; power of spealcing. 2. A speaking ; what is
spoken ; language ; couveraatiou. 3. A tougue ; a dia-
lect. 4. A fonnal discourse ; oration ; harangue.
Sjm. — 8ee Uabanoub, and Lamouaob.
SjMOGhlMS, a. L Destitute of the faculty of speech.
2. Not speiJdng for a time ; dumb ; mute ; silent.
Speed (spSd), n. [AS. gpgd success, swiftness, fr.
rwan to succeed.] 1. Prosperity in an undertaking.
A moving swiftly ; rapidity ; rate of motion ; dispatch.
Syn. — Swiftness; celerity ; hurry. See Hasts.
— r. i. limp. & p. p. Spbd (spSd), Spbbobo ; p. pr, &
vb. n. Spbbdino.] [AS. spidanA 1. To experience in
gohig ; to fare. 2. To fare well ; to prosper. 3. To
make hattte. ^v. /. 1. To aid ; to favor. 2. To dis-
patch with celerity ; to hurry. 3. To expedite. 4. To
wish success to, esp. in setting out upon a journey.
Speed'y i-fi a, [as. *ptdig.-\ Quick; swift; nim-
bie ; hasty. — Speeda-ly, adv. — 'Bpeedl-neM, n.
Speiae (spis), n. [Cf. O. sveite food, mixed metal for
bells.] A nickel residue obtained in maldng smalt.
Spell (spSl), V. t. [AS. spelian.l To supply the place
of for a time ; to take the turn of, at work ; to relieve.—
n. 1. Relief of one person by another in any work ; a
turn at work carried on by one person or gang relieving
another. 2. Time during which one person or gang
works until relieved ; short period of time.
Spell, n. [AS., a saying, tiJe, speech.] A verse or phrase
ruppited for its magical power ; incantation ; charm.
jraell, V. t. [imp. & p. p. Spbllbd (spSld) or Spilt
(spelt) ; p. pr. JSc vb. n. Speluno.] [AS. spellian, fr.
spell tk Myiug.} 1. To put under the influence of a spell ;
to bewitch ; to charm. 2. To tell or name the lettera of
(a word) ; to write or print (words) by correct orthog-
raphy. 3. To read with difficulty ; — usually with out
—V. i. To form words with the proper letters.
Spell'bOimd' (-boundO. a. Bound by, or as by, a spell.
Spell'er (-Sr), n. 1. One who spells. 2. A spelling
book. iU.S.'\ [raphy. — a. Pert, to spelling.]
Spell'lng, n. Formation of words by letters ; orthog- 1
Spelling book, a book with exercises for teaching chil-
dren to spell ; a speller.
Spelt (spSlt), imp. & p. p. of Spbll. Spelled.
Spelt, n. [AS., fr. L. xpelia.] A grain cultivated for
food in Germany and Switzerland ; German wheat.
Spel'ter (spSl'tSr), n. [Cf. LG. gpmlterA Zinc.
Spen'oer (spSn'oer), n. [From Earl Spencer^ who
wore It.l A short jacket for men or women.
SpenHMT, n. [Inventor's name.] A fore-and-aft sail,
set with a galT and no boom ; a trysail.
Spend (ApSnd), r. /. [imp. & p. p. Spkmt (spSnt) ;
p. pr. & vb. n. Spending.] [AS. jtpendan (in comp.),
fr. L. expendere or di^pendere to weigh out, to expend.]
1. To weigh or lay out ; to part with. 2. To bestow ;
to employ. 3. To consume ; to waste ; to squander.
4. To pass (time). 5. To exhaust of forcn or strength.
^r. i. 1. To consume, use, waste, or part with, any-
thing. 2. To wear away ; to vanish. — Speild'er, n.
Spend'tllTlft' (-thrTftO, n. One who spends money
profusely. ^ f7. Prodigal; extravagant; wasteful.
Spent (Mpfint), a. Exhausted ; wont out.
Sperm (MpSrm), n. [Or. aneptia, -fiaTo«, fr. tnrtCptuf to
sow.] The male fecundating fluid ; semen.
Spenn, n. [Contr.] Spermaoeti.
Bperm whale, a lan^re toothed whale, having a head of
enormous sizf>. containing a cavity filled with oil and
spermaceti. Called also cacholof^ and xpetirwreti whale.
Sper'ma-ce'tl (MpSr^mA-sS'tl), n. [L. speima sperm
+ eetuM, gen. eeii, whale.] A white waxy sabatanoe from
the head of the sperm whale, used in making randVa.
ointments, cosmetics, etc.
Sper'tam-iy (-r^), n. a sperm gland ; testicle.
Sper-niAt'lo (-m«t/Tk), Sper-nEUttlo-ftl (-T-k^l), o.
[Gr. <nrrp/Miruco(. See SpsBM.] Of or pertaining to se-
men or sperm.
Spew (spu), tf. f. & <. [AS. fpUran.] [Written alao
fpue.'X To eject from the stomach ; to vomit.
Sp&e'nold (sfS'noid), a. [Gr. <F^i|voet5iK ; tMm a
wedge -f cUof form.] Wedge-shaped.
Splliire (slir), n. [Gr. ai>alpa. ] 1. A body contained
under a single surface, in every ps[rt equally distant from
a point within called its center. 2. A globe or globular
body; orb, as the sun, a pUinet, or the earth. 3. Circuit
of action, knowledge, or influence ; prorince ; employ,
ment. 4. Order of society; social position. -»r. t. L
To pUce in a sphere. 2. To make round ; to perfect.
Syn. — Globe ; orb ; circle. Bee Globs.
Spiier'lo-al (sfSra-kol), > a. l. Like a sphere ; glob-
Splier^ (sfSrOk), f ular ; orbicular. 2. Pert.
to a sphere. 3. Pertaining to the heaTenlyorbs.-
lo-al-ness, S^e-rtd-ty (eft-rTt/T-tj^),'
Spherloi (sferTka), n. Science of the properties of
the circles, figures, etc., produced by planes interseciiog
a sphere ; spherical geometry and trigonometnr.
SpbeMd (sfS'roid), n. [Gr. o^oipoeif^f ; a^a^M -f-
«I6os form.] A body nearly, but not perfectly, spherical ;
solid generated by the revolution of an ellipse about one
of iu axes.— Sphe-rold'al, Splie-raldio, Splie-rold'-
lo-el, a.
Spher^e (sfSr^l or
[sphere or spherical body. I
. -3?1).«. [L. jrpAflenite.] Alittie
Splltnz (sfTnks), n. [Gr. o^iyf ] 1. An image with
a lion's body and the head of
some other creature ; a fabu-
lous monster with a winged
lion*s body and a woman's
face and breast, which pro-
pounded riddles and killed
those nnable to guess them.
2. A person of enigmatical
character and purpoees. 3.
A large moth ; — called' also
haick moth.
Greeisn Sphinx.
Sploe (spis), n. [OF. expiee^ fr. L. species particular
kind, species, LL. spices, drugs, etc., of the same sort.]
1. A vegetable production, fragrant or aromatic and pun-
gent to the taste. 2. That which gives lest or pungency ;
small quantity or admixture. — r. /. To season with
spice ; to flavor. [repository of spicei&
Spl'oer-7 (spi'sSr-V), n. 1. Spices, in general. 2- A
II Spic^-U (spIk'B-U), n. / pi. SpicuLiB (-15). [NL.,
dim. of L. 'spica a spike, ear.l (a) A little spike on %
plant ; spikelet. (ft) A pointed flesliy appendage.
Spl0^4ar (-I3r), a. [L. spiculum a dart.] like %
dart ; havingsharp points. [splcula.!
^ I " r r " I. n. A minute, slender granule, or point ; |
Spl'cy i-] i'f), a. 1. Flavored with, or containing,
Kpir^E*;, ri-fij^nuit ; aromatic. 2. Producing, or abounding
with. hjiir'HP. 3. Piquant; racy. — Svi'Cl-ly, /rrfv.
S J f*. — Arinniktic ; smart ; pungent ; keen. See Ract.
Spi'iler {-(pi'lgr), n. [OE. spipre, fr. AS. spinnan to
(F'lii "; 1, Ait iinimal, resem-
1 Ml :. tn lufj'ni, which spins
tUrv;.ulA of silk to form nests,
to protect its eggs and young. . ^, .
Many species spin also com- -^ ' / ^[^4-
plex webs to entrap innActs -^
upon which they prey. 2. A Spider (Pknfr^n rM<n^
long-handled iron pan for fry- oirfw) with iu Egg*.
ing food.
Spied (ipW), imp. &p. p. of Spt.
II Spie'kel-ei'sen (npS'gSl-i'sXn), n. [O. nnVp^/ mirror
-i- eisen Iron], Sple'cel t'ron (i'lim). Fusible wliite
S, S, 1, 3, 0, long ; &, 6, 1, ft, A, f, abort ; senftte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, ilnite, dire, ftrm, dkak, nU, final.
SPIGOT
535
SPIRITUALIZE
cut iron coutaiumg nmoh oarboo, naed in numafactor-
ins Botiofiior 8t6eL
SplS'oKspTg^t),*!. [From jpicXr, for jpOre.! Peg to
■top the veut in a cask ; ping of a faacet or cock.
Bj^ke (epflK)t n. [Akiu to LO. spiker ; perh. fr. L.
spica point, ear of grain.] 1. A rery large uaiL 2. An
ear of oora or gram. 3. A cluster of flowrers arranged
on an onbrandned elongated axis. — r. /. 1.
To fasten, set, or furniati, with spikes. 2. To
plug the rent of (a guu) by a spike.
l^Ikyiat* n* A siqaII or secondary spike ;
one oi the ultiinate parts of tlie inflorescence
of
SjPlkt'toard (spik'ii&rd ; colloq. spTk'nSrd),
n, [For spiked nard,^ An aronutio plant
yielding a fragrant essential oiL
Splk^ (splk'y), a. 1. Like a spike. 2. Bar-
ing sharp points ; armed with spikes.
Spot (spil), n. [LO.] 1. SmiU plug to
stop a vent. 2. Spout inserted in a tree, to .^ ,
conduct sap. 3. Large stake driven into the °^"^ ^
ground, to support a superstructure ; pile.— v. /. To sup-
ply with a spile or spigot ; to make a small vent in (a cask).
gpm (spin, n. [AS. sprld.} A slender piece of any-
thing ; pnr for plugging a hole ; metallic pin ; roll of
paper, or uip of wood, lued as a lamplighter, etc.
Spill, V. t. limp. A p. p. Spillbd (spTl I), or Spilt
(spilt) ; p. pr. A vb. n. Sraxuia.] [AS. tpillan to de-
stroy.] 1. To suffer to fall or run out of a vesseL 2.
To shed (blood, etc.). 3. To relieve a sail from pressure
of the wind. — p. i. To be shed, lost, or wasted.
Spin (spTn), V. t. & i. Ump. & p. p, Srcnr (spiin),
i Archaic imp. SP4ir (spXn) ); p. pr. & tb. n. SPiHimfo.J
AS. tpinnan.1 1. To draw out, and twist into threads.
L To draw out tediously ; to extend to a great length.
3. To turn round rapidly ; towliirl. 4. To form (a web,
oocoon, silk, etc.) from threads.
Spln'aoll i (epiii'&j ; 2), n. [OF. etpinache, fr. Ar.
Bi/LafMMt \ i^fanaj.^ A pot herb uiaed for greens.
SpFnaT (spi'nal^, a. [L. spinalis^ fr. spina spine.]
1. Pert, to the backbone. 2. Pert, to spines.
Spin'dle (spTnM'l), n. [AS. tpinl^ fr. spinnan to spin.]
1. Pin holding thread in spinning wheels. 2. Slender
rod on which anything turns ; axis ; shaft ; mandrel ;
fusee of a watch, etc. 3. A long and slender stalk. —
V. L To shoot or grow into a long, slender stalk or body.
8pln'dl»-lafff6d' (-l«7d/ or •Ug'gSd), Spln'dle-
glUUlkSd' (-shiQkt^) a. Having long, slender legs.
Spln'dld-SlUUlks', n. One having slender legs.
Spla» (spin), n. [L. spina a thorn, the spine.] 1. A
sharp anp<»nds||e to any part of a plant or animal ; thorn ;
ray. 2. Backbone, or spinal column. 3. A ridge.
8ptll'«t (spTn^t or spT-n«t'), n. [It spineita, fr. L.
spina ; — because its quills resemble thorns.] Obsolete
musical keyed instrument like a harpsichord.
Spln'na-ter (-ni-kSr), n. A large triangular saU set
upon a boom, — used when running before the wind.
Spla'BSr, n. 1. One th'it spins ; one skilled in spin-
ning : signing machine. 2. A spider. 3. A spinneret.
Wn'ner-et C-^t), n. One of the special Jointed organs
under a spider's abdomen, by which it spins its webs.
Spln'OtllS (spTn'nTng), a. Si n. from Spnr.
Bptimiag Jsnar, a machine for spinning wool or cottmi,
by n I%rg6 number of spindl<»8 revolving simultaneously.
— BpiBBing wbssl, a machine for spinning yam or thread,
in which a wheel drives a single spindle.
Sptn'ny, n. [OF. expinnfff, fr. L. spinetum thicket,
fr. spi$M thorn.] A small thir>kpt ; clump of trees.
Spl-nOM' (spt-n5y or spi'nSV), a. [L. spinosns, fr.
spina. '\ Full of spines ; thorny. — Spl-IUM'i-ty (-nSe'-
l-tf ), n. [the form of a thorn ; spinelike. I
Spl'IIOIMI fspPntis). a. 1. Spinose ; thorny. 2. Of|
Splll'Ster (spTn'stSr), n. 1. A woman who spins. 2.
An unmarried or single woman.
Btia^iHin^)*a. 'L Fu!l of spines; thorny. 2. Slender.
Splr'a-dto (spIf'A.k'l or spi'rA.k'1), n. [L. spiraculum,
fr. spirare to breathe.] 1. Nostril of a whale, porpoise,
etc 2. One of the breathing holes of insects,
myriapods, and Arachnida. 3. A small %eut
for air or other fluid. m-. ,
Spl'na (spFral), a. [F.] 1. Winding or ^^((S?y]
circUng round a center or pole and gradually
reoedlug f rom it. 2. Winding like tlie thread Spiral Shell
of a screw; helical. — n. A plane curve of with Spiral
spiral form. - SpTral-ly (spFral-iy ), adv. P^f "SS
Spire (spir), n. [AS. splr; akin to G. spier ttrttmy
blade of grass, Dan. spire sprout, sprig.] 1.
Blender stalk or blade. 2. Tapering body shooting up
to a point in a conical form ; steeple. — r. t*.
To shoot forth, or up, in a spire.
Spire, i». [!<• »pira coil, twist; Or.
wctpo.] 1. A spiral ; curl ; wliorl ; twist.
2. The part of a spiral generated in one rev-
olution of the straight line about tiie pole.
Splitt (spTrat), ». [OF. espirit, F. esprU^
L. spiriiuSt fr. spirare to breathe, blow.]
1. Air in motion ; breath. 2. Life, inde-
pendently of corporeal existence; vital
essence. 3. Intelligent and immortal
part of man; the soul. 4. A disembodied
soul; apparition; specter; ghost; sprite;
fairy ; elf. 5. Energy, ardor, enthusiasm,
courage, etc. 6. One of great activity or
rul^ characteristics of mind or temper.
Mental condition; moral state. 8. In-
tent ; real meanhig ; — opp. to the letter, or
formal statement ; also, characteristic quality. 0. AnT
liquid produced by distillation ; esp., alcohoL 10. pL
Rum, whisky, brandy, gin, and otlier distilled liquors hav-
ing much alcohol, disting. fr. wine and malt liquors.
AnlauJ spirits, health and energy; frolicsomeness ; sport-
iveness. — Ardent spirits, strong alcoholic liauors, as
brandy, rum, whisky, etc., obtained by distillation. —
Hdy ^Irit, or The Spirit, the Spirit of God, or the third
person of the Trinity ; the Holy Ghost. The spirit aloo
signifies the human spirit as animated by the Divine Spirit.
— Spirit level, an instrument indicating a level or honcon-
tal position by a bubble left in a glass tube otherwise filled
with spirit. — Salrits, or Spirit, of wins, alcohol, formerly
obtained by distiliiug wine.
Syn.— Life; energy; fire; vivacity; enterprise.
— r. /. 1. To animate with vigor ; to encourage ; to in-
Srn.-l _ „._
Wr^-lnn* »• Spiritualism. — Splrlt-tot, n.
l^lr^-leM, a. 1. Destitute of spirit ; dejected : de-
rssed. 2. Destitute of vigor, life, ronrape, or fire.
Dead. — fiMrlMaM-ly, adv.— Spirtt-lem-IMM, n.
8plr^-1l-af (-ft-^il : 40), o. [L. spiHtualis: F. rpiH-
tuel.'\ 1. Consisting of spirit ; not material ; incorporeal.
2. Mental ; intellectual. 3. Pert, to the moral feelingp.
4. Pert, to the soul or its cfTectiouH as influenced by tlio
Spirit ; pure ; holy ; heavenly-minded ; — opp. to carnal.
5. Not lay or tempo'-nl ; eccle^iontiol.
Splrlt-n-al-lsm.n. 1. Tlie bein^ spiritual. 2. Doc-
trine that all which exints is spirit, or foul : — opp. to
materialism. 3. Belief that departed ppirits hold inter-
course witli mortals, esp. throufch a pornon of special sus-
ceptibility, called a medium ; doctrines of spiritualistfi. —
Splr^t-a-al-Ust, n.&a. — Spirit-n-tl-la'tlo, a.
Splr'tt-U-all-ty, n. l. Tlie b«>{nfr spiritual ; incorpo-
reality ; heavenly-inindedness. 2. Whatever belongs to
the church or to religion, as distinct fr. temporalities.
Splrlt-11-al-iM, r. t. 1. To refine intellectually or
morally : to purify : to give a spiritual cliaracter to. 2.
To take in a spiritual sense ; — opp. to literalize.— f
tt-Q-Al-l^a'ttmi, n.
fSm, recent. Arb. n«de, f^Ul, Qm, food, f^jbt, out, oil, chair, go, siny, ink, tfaen, thin.
SPIRITUALLY
536
SPONGE
t-Q-al-ly (spTrnrt-tt-tfl-lJ}, adv. In tk spUitual
xnanner ; with parity of spirit ; like a spirit.
II SpI'lftn'oUe' (spTr^tv^aO, a. [F.] Like a spirit;
pure ; refined ; etbiereaL
Splrlt-a-4nui (spTrTt-tt-Qs), a. 1. Having tlie quality
of spirit ; ethereal ; immaterial ; spiritual ; pure. 2. Con-
taluing alcoholic (esp. distilled) q>irit ; ardent.
Spirt (spSrt), V. Je n. Spurt. [serpentine. I
Spfr^ (spir^), a. Of spiral form ; wreathed ; curled ; {
Spirit a- Pert, to a spire or steeple ; tali, slender,
and tapering ; abounding in spires.
Sstt (spTt), n. [AS. spUu ; akin to 0. »pUt pointed.]
1. A long, pointed rod, for holding meat while roasting.
2. Point of land, or narrow shosJ, extending from the
shore into the sea. — v. t. [imp. & p. p. Spitted ; p. pr.
& vb. n. SprrnMO.] To thrust a spit through ; to impale.
Spit, V. /. iimp. & p. p. Srrr (Spat, archaic) ; p. pr.
St vb. n. Sprrmvo.] [AS. tpittan ; akin to E. tpew.'] 1.
To eject from the mouth. 2. To throw out ; to belch.
— n. Spittle ; saUva. — SpitOar, n .
Spite (spit), n. lAbhr. (t. dejfpite.'\ Ill-wiU or hstred
toward another ; grudge ; rancor. — v. t. To treat mali-
ciously ; to try to injure or thwart.
b nits of, or Spits oC, in opposition to all efforts of ;
in defiance or contempt of ; notwithstanding.
Syn. — Sprrs ; Maucs ; pique ; rancor ; malevolence ;
grudge. — Malice has more reference to the dispobition,
and sirite to the manifestations of it in words and actions.
Malice denotes a spirit which desires evil to others.
Spite is a temper which delights to express itself in bit-
ter language, or in irritating actions.
SpitefU (spiff yl ), a. Filled witli, or showing, spite ;
malignant ; malicious. — Spitefol-ly, odv. — Splte'flll-
BMS, n. [sionate person. [Collog.l \
Spltlire' (spYtMTr'), n. A violent, imscible, or pas-i
Spirtle (spTt't'l), n. [AS. spall.] Tliick, moist mat-
ter secreted by the salivary glan«l8 ; saliva ; tpit.
Splt-tOOB' (spTt-toon'), n. A spitbox ; cuspidor.
Spits' dog' (spYts' dSgO- [O- spiiZj spHthund.] A
breed of dov,.i having erect ears and long bilky hair ; —
called also Pomeranian dog, ami loup-ioup.
SpttZ'en-lrargll (-«n-bflrp ), n. A red and yellow apple,
of medium nize nnd spicy flavor.
Splaah (^plSsli), r. t. & i. [Akin to plash.] 1. To
strike and dash about (water, mud, etc.). 2. To spatter
water, mud, etc., upon ; to wet. ^n. 1. Water or dirt,
thrown npon anything, or from a puddle, etc. ; spot or
daub. 2. Noise made by striking npon a liquid.
Splaab'y (-V), a. Full of dirty water ; wet ; slushy.
Splay (8pla),t<./. [Abbr. of (fi;»/oy.] 1. Todisphty;
to spread. 2. To dislocate. 3. To slant (the side of a
door, window, etc.). ^n. Spread out ; flat ; ungainly.
Splayfoot ( pla'fd6tO, n. A foot abnormally (fat-
tened and spread out ; flat foot.— Splay'-
foot'. SpUy'ioot'ed, a.
SpiOOn (splSn), n. [Or. (nrA^v.] 1. A
glandlike but ductless organ found near the
stonuu:h or intestine of most vertebrates
and connected with the vascular system ;
the milt. 2. Anger ; latent spite ; malir>«*.
3- A fit of anger ; chol««r. 4. Melanrholv ;
hypochondriacal afTe:^tiont. — Sploontul,
Spleenlsh, Spleen^, a.
Splen'dent (spien'.'mt), n. [L. splen-
dens, -dentis, p. pr. of *plmdere to shine.] 1. Shining ;
glossy; lustrous. 2. \ ery conspicuous ; illustrious.
Spten'did, n. [L. itplendiduf, fr. splendere.] 1. Pos-
sessmg splendor ; shining ; very briglit. 2. Bliowy ; mag-
nificent ; sumptuous ; pompous. 3. IlluKtr ous ; heroic ;
famoun. — Splon'did-ly, adv. — Sploil'did-noss, n.
Splen'dor (-der), n. [L.] 1. Great brightness ; bril-
liancy. 2. Magnificence ; pomp. 3. Brilliancy ; glory.
SpAen'O-tiC (spl8n^-tTk or spI^-nStTk), a. [L. splr-
neticus.] Affected with spleen ; spiteJul ; peevish ; fret-
ful, —n. One affected with spleen.
Spiloo (spUs), V. t. [D. tplitten, tplitten ; akin to B.
jp/t/.l 1. To unite (ropes) by inter-
weaving the strands at the two ends,
or between an end and the body of a >
rope. 2. To unite (spars, timbers, (
rails, etc.) end to end. 3. To unite \
in marriage. \Slang\ — n. A junc-
tion or jcnning made by splicing.
SpUnt (splint), n. [Akin to Bw.
iplint spike, a forelock (in nautical
use), tptinta to splint, splinter, and
to £. tplii.] 1. A piece split off ;
splinter. 2. Thin piece of wood,
etc., used to protect an injured part,
esp. a broken bone when set. 3. A splint bone.
Bpllnt boas, one of the rudimentary, splintlike metaear*
pal or metatarsal bones on either side of the «».Miti/wi boos
in the limbs of the horse and allied animals.
SpUnlor (splIu'lSr). v. t. & i. [Cf. LO. tplittem, D.
tplinteren.] 1. To split into long, thin pieces ; to sliiver.
2. To fasten (a broken limb) with splinters or splints. —
n. Thin piece q>lit or rent off lengthwise, as from wood,
bone, etc. ; thin piece ; sliver. — SpUnftOT-y, a.
BimX (split), v.t. &i. {imp. &.p. p. Sput ^Sputted,
R.)\ p. pr. & vh. n. Spurmro.] Prob. of Scand. or LO.
orig.l 1. To divide lengthwise : to rive ; to cleave. 2. To
burst; to rend asunder. 3. To separate into parts or
parties ; to disunite. [CoUvq.] 4. To betray coofidencf ;
e. ICoUoq.]
— n. 1. Ac
fissure. 2. Breach or division. [CoHoq.] 3. Piece split
off ; splinter ; fragment. ^ a. Divided ; cleft.
SplnrgO (splfirj), fi. A blustering demon»tration. —
r. i. To make a great display. [Slang ^ V. S.]
Splatter (spmt'tSr), v. i. [Prov. K. sttlutter, eqniv.
to sputter.] To speak hastily and confusedly ; to sputtw.
^ n. A confused noise, as of hatty epeaking. [Colloq.]
Spoil (spoil), f. /. [imp. &p. p. Spoilbd (Kpoild) or
Spoilt (spoilt) ; p. pr. & rb. n. SpoiuiroJ [F. spolier^
fr. L. sp^liare, fr. spolium spoil.] 1. To plunder; to
pillage ; to rob. 2. To take by force. 3. To corruit ;
to mar ; to ruin. — r. i. 1. To practice robbery. 2. To
be corrupted; to decay. —n. Plmider taken from an
enemy ; pillage ; booty ; robbery ; warte. — SpoU'cr, n.
Spoilahnan (spoUx'man), n. One who serves a cause
or a party for a share of the spoils; a politician who
treats public offices as rewards for partisan service.
SpOKO (sp5k), imp. of SpiaK.
SpokO, n. [K^.spaca.] 1. Ray of awheel. 2. Rung
of a ladder. — r. /. To furnish (a wheel) with cpokes.
Spc'Scen in JJ'k'n'i. p. p of spiak
Spokci'shavfl i>|^ti'MlLiit'K n, A iciui.] of drawing knife
for .ii .-■ uri^ -I i^li*'* of wliet'ljj M\ti ntlj^r curved work.
Spokr B'man ( •^iQk'^'niintV n. S^it^^tker for others.
Bpo'll-atO fsjjo'lT atK *'■ '. ^ '■' [L. spoliare, -atttm^
to -j<';l.l T'* j»]«tinli-r; to pills^; U' der poil ; to rob.
Spon^a'tc 1 t.IiAiMJS'T li )t |i 'P. 1. P(Tt. to a rpondee;
Spon dalC-aK-T^knl), l crm-iMiut of ppcndws. 2.
Cm? JMinikT ^JCHiHlwii ill piff^n ; umrkfiil by sfondees.
iRpan'dfit ( rTF), n. [Or, intsivi* loi {v.. vovf), fr. 99o»ii
1 1 tNition, — because at libations slow, solemn nielodirs
were used, chiefly in this meter.] A poetic foot of two
long syllables, as in the Latin word Ifges.
SpongO (spfinj), n. [Or. (nroyyii, virtfyyof] 1. A
marine animal growth, and its hbrous framework or
skeleton, found adhering to rocks, shells, etc., which im-
bibes and hold»« water till it is forced out by compression.
2. One who Uve» npon others ; parasite. 3. Any pponge^
like substance, (a) Dmigh before it is kneaded. (6) Iron
from the puddling furnace, (e) Iron ore, reduced but
not worked. — r. /. 1. To cleanse with a f ponge. 2. To
wii»e out with a sponge ; to efface. 3. To get by mean
art« without cost ^ r. i. 1. To suck in, or imbibe, as a
sponge. 2. To gain by mean arts, by intrusion, or hang-
a. S, 1, 5, a, long ; li, C, I, ft, il, f^ short ; senate, dvent. Idea, Abey, tknitf, c4re, Krm, Ask, f^ll, f naL
SPONGINESS
637
SPUINGHALT
isg OD. 3. To be couYertad, aa dough, into a light, qKmgj
mMS by the agency of yeaitt, or leaven.
SpOB'vy (8pttn%), a. 1. Soft, and fuU of cavities;
of an open, looee, pliable texture. 2. Wet ; drenched.
3. Imbibing fluida, like a sponge. — lEh^OB'gl-liess, n.
gponfUl (spSn'sal), a. [L. sporuaiu, fr. tpondere,
tponsumj to betroth. J Relatius to UMrriage, or to a
spouse; apousaL [tug surety for another. I
Spoa'SUMI, n. [L. sponHOt f r. spondereJ] A becom- 1
Spon'ior (-aSr), n. [L.] 1. A surety for another.
2. A godfather or godmother.
SpOB-tft'lM-OIIB (-ta'nt-fii), a. [L. tpontanetu^ fr.
iponU of free will, voluntarily.] 1. Proceeding from
natural feeling, disposition, or tendency, without con-
■traint. 2. Acting by internal impulse, energy, or nat-
uTtil law, witTinut extem-)! forrt* 3^ Produced without
h«iti|r plAtiEcd^ or 1^ it limit tniiii lit UImh , — SpOD-UllM-
1 lytaJt-. — gpoa tA'no-oiu-ae^ii ST>oii'ta-ii«t-ty, n.
In^. - What Itvtiiimi-it y b lti*s i
cboic«» WhxtiMfp(iiiffinf'iHje,iT .^ .,
orainddeB inapiiw wbifli aJjuit "i i< ■ reflection; the
>mpelled ; will-
UUton^ or act of
[y from feeling,
teimladiOKPFlUta to thiue^ lumimai when they are
imdlieed witkau t the dotermlMiit u i^m i >■ k,^^ or care of man.
* ' '^'\} A hLitni; ^kost; hobgoblin.
( Up D. Ktmd. ] Cylinder to wind'
BpOok («n^k)« ii. fa] A hL^kni ; ^^lost ; hobgoblin.
BPOOI [ij>60l), n. [Allln Up D. «>or' " - « ^ — ~« -
tliri*a<L^ '1, t' To wiiid an upouls.
BpOOU ' Ap^ii). 1, [AH. «/'«M a. chip.] 1. Small bowl
wJUi « h^Lii'LIc, u-mmI ht prejiifirSiiH nr (.■atlng food. 2. A
■pooney. iSlanffl ^t,t Tn tJiJtB up In a spoon. — r. t*.
To act with foolish fondness, as one in love. [CoUoq.'}
SpOOBlAl' (-bTlOf I* 1* •^ny o' Mveral wading biros.
(See lUust. of Bbak. ) 2. Either of two species of ducks.
SpoOB'tT (-j^)t <>• Demonstratively fond. [Co/to^.]
SpOOB'fal, n. Quantity which a spoon contains.
Spoor (sp<^r), n, [D.] Track or trail of a wild animaL
Spo-nd^o (sp«.ridmc}, Spo-radlina (-T-kni), a.
[Or. tfiropa4uc6« scattered, fr. wti^w to scatter like
aeed.] O :curriug singly, or in scattered instances ; sep-
arate ; single. — 8po-radlo-al-ly , adv,
Sporo (spSr), n. [Or. 9w6ft0fi a sowing, seed, f r. oirct-
pcir to sow.] One of tlie minute grains in flowerleas
plants, serving to reproduce the species, like seeds.
Sport (ipSrt), ft. [Abbr. fr. duport.] 1. That which
diverts, and m ikes mirth ; amuMment. 2. Mockery ;
derlAion. 3. Diversion of the field, as hunting, fishing,
rariug, games, etc. 4. A sportsman ; gambler. [Slang']
Syn* — Play ; game ; frolic ; mirth ; mock ; mockery.
— r. i. 1. To play ; to wanton. 2. To practice the diver-
sious of the field or turf ; to be given to betting, as upon
racea. 3. To trifle. — v. t. 1. To divert ; to amuse (one's
self). 2. To represent by any kind of play. 3. To exhibit
in public ; to use or wear. [Cotfo^.j — BpnVm, n. —
i^ortliil (-fvl)« Spoftlvo (I V), a. - SportlTO-ly, adv.
SporttKmJUl (dports'maii ), n. One who pursues sports
of the field. — Spoiti'mtll-Blllp, n.
Spor'nlo (spOr^I), n. A small spore.
toot (spOt), n. [Cf. D. spat; fr. root of E. spit.'] 1.
Ma» made by foreign matter ; blot. 2. A stain on char-
acter ; blemish. 3. A small extent of space ; particular
place. — V. /. 1. To discolor in or with spots ; to cover
with spots. 2. To mark so as to insure recognition ; to
detect. [Can/] 3. To stain ; to taint ; to tarnish (repu-
tation). — p. i. To become stained with spots.
SpotlOM, o. Without a spot ; free from impurity ;
innocent. — 8pot1oso-ly , adv.— Spotloso-noM, n.
Syn. — Unblemished ; purp. See Blamklkss.
Bpot'ty (-ty), a. Full of KpoU ; marked with spots.
Syn.
Spot'ty(-.„
Spona'Jd (spous'al), a. Pert, to a spouse or marriage.
— • n. Marriage ; nuptials : espousal ; — generally in pi.
Spomo (spous), n. [OF. e$powiy fern, espouse, fr. L.
tpondere^ sponsum^ to engage one's self.] A man or wo-
man engaged or joined in wedlock ; husband or wife.
Spomo'lOM, a. Dentitute of a spouse ; uiiuinrried.
l^ont (spout), V. /. [Cf. Spurt, Sprit.] 1 To throw
out forcibly and abundantly ; to eject in a jet. 8. To
utter magniloqaently. 3. To pawn ; to pledge. iCofU] —
r. i. 1. To issue violently, or in a jet 2. To eject water
or liquid in a jet. 3. To utter a speech, esn. in a pomp-
ous manner, ^n. 1. That through which anything
spouts. 2. Jet of liquid ; waterspout.
Sprain (apriu), V. t. [OF. esvreindre to force out, F.
fpreindrtf fr. L. expriniere.] To weaken (a joint, lig**
ment, or muscle) by sudden exertion, as by wronohing.
— n. A spraining ; luneneas caused by q>raining,
Spraac (spring), imp, of Snuno. [herring. |
Spnlt(sp»t),n. ID. sprot.] SmaU flahaUiedtothel
Sprawl (>pilil)t V. i. [Sw. spratOa.] 1. To spread
and stretch the body or limbs carelessly. 2. To spread
irregularly or ungracefully. 3. To scramble. [twig. I
Spray (spri),n. [SeeSpRio.] Small shoot or branch ; |
Spray, n. Water driven in smaU particlea, bv the
force of wind, dashing of wavea, from a waterfall, etc
— V. i. To throw spray upon.
Spmd (sprM), V. t. & I [AS. sprBdan.] 1. To ex-
tend; to stretch or expand ; to open. 2. To divulge ; to
publish. 3. To propagate ; to diffuse ; to strew. — n. 1.
Extent ; compass. 2. Expansion. 3. Cloth covering a
table or bed. 4. A feast. IColloq.) — Snood'or, n.
Syn. —To diffuse ; scatter ; circulate ; dispense.
foroo (aprS), n. fCf. Ir. spre spark, rpirit] A men}
frolic; carousal. ICollog.]
Spiic (eprTg), m. [A3, spree.] 1. Small shoot or
twig of a tree; spray. 2. A youth; lad. 3. A brad, or
nail without a head. — v. t. To mark or adorn with
sprigs. [tpin^: ahade; ghoetl
Sprlldlt (sprit), n. A aupematural being; sprite ;|
Sprtglltay (-ly ), a. SprighUike, or spiritlike ; lively ;
brisk ; airy ; gay. — Sprif lltll-11088, n.
Sprtnf (spring), r. i. [imp. Speamo (spring) or
SPRUHoTsprdng) ; p. p. Spiuho ; p. pr. & vb. n. Spsiva-
iNoJ IA&. springan.] 1. To leap; to bound; to lump.
2. To dart; to shoot. 3. To fly back. 4. To bend from
a straight direction or plane surface ; to warp. 6. To
shoot up, out, or forth ; to emerge. 6. To issue, as from
an ancestor ; to result, aa from a cause, reason, etc. —
V. t. "L To cause to spring up ; to start or rouse (game).
2. To produce or disclose suddenly. 3. To cause to ex-
plode. 4. To crack or split ; to strain. 6. To close sud-
denly, as parts of a trap operated by a spring. 6. TO
ris over by leaping. — 1». LA leap ; bound ; jump.
A flying back ; rebound. 3. EUstic for© ' *
tic body (as steel, IndU rubber,
compressed air, etc.) for receiving
and imparting power, diminishing
COt-uLLinliHi. r>'Uul.Lt::.^ ,,, -. t ! ; n,
metwufMur ff4Mt^^lt ur other Itinje.
t^^Th** pr>MclpriJ vnrifitlrn. of
^ ijswii in irkPC'lianiiimii in
MfTinQ rFi^. ^t, the '^»/
spruifti iJi
th^' *jfPrrt| ., . ... _ .„. .., _^._ _ .
*p'.)'j *h]y the ttlijMr sjffin^ ir),
thf' ffaif*etUpt(/- ijtrfnu ift\ the
vof-'ff Mirrinft^ th* tnitiii - mfifter
rin<j, the {itm*uphrrim'rif*fh*^Xc.
Any *'»iiric:^ <if fliipply :; wjurce
from which a btrtam proceeils ;
natural founUin. 6. Cause; ori- Springs,
gin ; motive. 7. Season of the year when plants begin
to grow (March, April, and May). 8. A crack or fiwmre.
Spring tids, tifle at the new and full moon, rising higher
thsin common tides.— Sjpriiiff wheat, wheat sown in spring ;
— disting. f r. wintrr ^rheat^ sown in autumn.
II SprlnirlMk' (-bSk'), i n. [D. sprinabok; spHngen
SprlngOiiiok' (-bfik^), l to spring + ^* ne-goat,
buck.] A swift and agile South African gaselle.
SpnilgO (sprTn j), n. [From spring. ] A noose cloainf
' iw ; gin ; i
with u Kpritig, to catch a bird or anima
Spring'er (sprTng^r), n. One that springs.
Springnudt' (-hftlt^), n. A kind of lameness hi o
horse; stringhalt.
f<m, recent, Arb, ryde, f^ Qm, food, fo^ot, oat, oil, diair, bo, sins, ink, tfaen, tl&in.
SPRINGHEAD
538
8pilllg'hMd'(>prTugni«dO,«t.Aaoaroe. [of
Sprtnrtito' (-tid/), SpcllirtlflM' (-timO, n.
Sprtng'y (spring']^), a. 1. Like a Bpring ; ehutic.
2. Aboundinff with springs ; wet. — SprtDCl-liess, n.
gprtn'kle (sprTQ'kn), v.t.&i, [AS. tprrnffon to make
to spriug, causative of springan to spring.] 1. To scat-
ter in small drops or particles, as water, seed, etc. 2. To
scatter on ; to besprinkle. 3. To baptise by applying a
small quantity of water ; to cleanse ; to purify. 4. To rain
with scattered drops. — n. A small quanti^ sparsely
distributed ; a sprinkling. — Sprtn'kter, n.
SpriB'klinc, n. 1. Act of one that sprinkles. 2. A
small quantity falling In distinct drops or particles. 3.
Moderate number or quantity distributed like drops.
Sprtnt (sprint), V. i. To run very rapidly. — n. A
sprinting : a short run at full speed. — Bpnnt'er, n.
Sprit («prTt), n. [AS. $pre6t sprit, spear.] Small
boom or spar, to extend and elevate a boat's sail.
Sprite (sprit), n. [F. e^pHtt fr. L. spirUu*."] 1. A
■pint ; shade ; apparition. 2. An elf ; fairy ; goblin.
Spclt'Mdl (sprlt'sil ; among teamen sprlt'sU), n. A
■ail extended by a sprit.
Spnmt (sprout), V. i. [AS. $pre6tan.'} To shoot, as
the seed of aplant ; to germinate ; to pusli out new shoots.
«— r. t, 1. To cause to sprout. 2. To deprive of sprouts.
— n. 1. Shoot of a plant. 2. pi. Toung coleworts.
Spmoo (aprHs). n. [OE. Spruce^ or Pruse, Prussia,
Prussian.] A coniferous evergreen tree ; its timber.
•praos bear, a kind of beer flavored with spruce.
Spmoe, a. [Perh. fr. spruce leather from Prussia,
which was an article of finery.] Neat, without elegance
or dignity.— V. L&i, To prink. — SpnUMlyt adv. —
BpnuM'iieu, n.
Byn.— Finical ; neat ; trim. See Fdocal.
Sprang (spr&ng), imp. & p. p. of Sraino.
Spry (sprl), a. {Compar. Sprisr or Sprtu (-5r) ; nt-
perl. Spriest or SrarssT.] [Cf. dial. 8w. tprygg lively,
skittish.] Nimble ; active. lU. 8. & Local Eng.^
Spud (epQd), n. [Cf. Dan. spyd spear.] 1. A narrow
■paoe, for digging up large-rooted weeds. 2. Anything
short and thick ; piece of dough boiled in fat. ILocoT,
U.S.-]
Spue (spu), V. t. & {. To spew.
Spams (spurn), n. [Jj. tpntna.} Frothy matter raised
on liquids by boiling, effervescence, or agitation ; scum.
— r t*. To froth; to f oam. — Spnm'OOS (spumlls),
Spam'y (spum']^), a.
Spaa (apfin), imp. &p. p. of Srar.
Spank (sptlnk), n. [Oocl. nova, or Ir. spone^ tinder,
sponge.] [Written also »ponk7\ 1. Wood that readily
takes Are ; touchwood ; punk. 2. An inflammable tem-
per; spirit ; mettle ; pluck. — Span!^ {•S)^ <i.
Spar (spiir), n. [AS. ipnra^ tpora; akin to E.
iptim.] 1. A pricking implement secured to a rider's
heel, to urge the horse by its pressure. 2. An incitement.
3. A snag. 4. A stiff spine, as on the legs of birds, in-
sects, etc. 6. Lateral projection from a mountain. —
r. f. 1. To prirk with spurs ; to urge or goad. 2. To
stimulate ; to instigate. — v. i. To Jiast^n.
Spur gear. Bpttu whsel, a cogwheel having teeth which
project radially and stand parallel to
the axis. — Spar gsarlag. gearing in
which spur gears are used.
Spor'gall' (-Ml'). «• A place
galled or excoriated by much using of
the spur.^ r. t. To wound with a spur.
Sparge (spflrj), n. [OF. espvrgr,
fr. enpurgier to purge, L. exnurgare.'\
A plant having sn acrid, milky juice.
Spa'll-eaB (spu'rl-llB), a. [L. gpn-
HiM.] 1. Not proceeding from the j,^,,^ ..^^
true source ; not genuine ; false. 2. ^
Not legitimate ; bastard. — Cpu'll-OOS-ly, atlv.
Syn. — Counterfeit; adulterate; fictitious; bastard.
SQUARE
(■pQm), r. L [AS. »pmman to Uck, offend ;
akin to $pura spur, L. spemeie to despise.] 1. To driw
back or away, as with the foot ; to kick. 2. To treat
with contempt. ^ n. Disdainful rejection.
Spoiled (spQrd), 0. 1. Wearing spurs ; haying ahoots
like spurs. 2. Affected with spur, or ergot.
Spar11-er (spflr'rT-^r), n. Maker of spora.
Spoit (spQrt), V. i. [Written also spirit orig. same
wora as iprU ; AS. tpryttan to sprout.] To guab ont in
a stream; to spirt.— r. t. To throw out (liquid) in a
jet — n. 1. Ejection of liquid from a tube, orilice,
wound, etc. ; jet ; spirt. 2. A sudden outbreak.
Spart, n. [Cf. IceL tprettr spring, run, spretta to spirt,
spring] Sudden effort ; extra exertion for a brief qnoa.
— r. i. To make a sudden and violent exertion.
Spotter (spfittSr)f ^' ^ [Pr. root of spovi or spit.
Cf. 8PLUTTSR.J 1. To spit in small, scattered portiuus,
as in rapid speaking. 2. To utter words hastily and in-
distinctly. — • n. Moist matter thrown out in amall de-
tached particles ; confused speech. — Spatter-er, n.
II SpO'tom (spu't&m), n. ; pi. Sputa (-U). [L., fr.
ipuere, sputum^ to spit.] Spittle ; saliva.
Bn (spi)t V. t. [OF. etpitr ; akin to L. tpeeere to see.]
1. To discover at a distance, or in a state of concealment ;
to espy ; to see. 2. To discover by close examination.
3. To explore ; to inspect secretly. «— v. i. To scrutinixe.
«— n. 1. One who watches others' conduct. 2. One sent
secretly into an enemy's camp, to learn their deaigna.
Syu. — Bee Emxbsabt, and Scoot.
BjBift^MM^ ^-^^^^ *• ^ "°^*U tetoMsope.
(skwS
[Cf. Sw. »qval>b a soft and fat
body, iqwtbba a fat woman, IceL kvap jellv.] 1. Fat ;
thick; plump. 2. Unfiedged ; unf eathered. — ». 1. A
nestling of a pigeon, etc. 2. A person of shbrt, fat figure.
S4aaba>le (skw5bn>'l), v. i. [Cf. Sw. jtkvabbei a dis-
fmte, skvappa to chide.] 1. To contend for superiority
n an unseemly manner ; to wrangle ; to quarrel. 2. To
debate peevismy.-*r. /. To disarrange (type in print-
ing). — n. A scuffle ; wrangle ; brawl. — S^aabtder, n.
Syn.— To dispute ; contend ; wrangle ; struggle.
Sqoad (skwSd), n. [F. eseouadf, fr. It. tguadra ; L.
ex -f quadra a square.] Small party of soldiers assem-
bled for drill, infpection, etc
Sqaadrrao (skwBd'riin), n. [F. escadron^ It. tqma-
drone. See Squad.] 1. A body of cavalry comprising
two companies or troops. 2. A detachment of war ves-
sels, under command of the senior officer.
Sqoalld (skwSlTd), a. [L. tqualidns, fr. tqualfrt to
be filthy.] Dirty through neglect ; foul. — Sooalld-ly,
adv. — S«aAl1d-neas« Sqaa-lldl-ty (skwi-iTd^-tj^^ a.
S^Oall (skw^I), f». [Cf. Sw. tqral tmpetiioas flow of
water, »qvaln to gush.] Sudden, violent gnst of wind.
S^oallt V. i, [IceL sftfoto.] To err out ; to scream
riolently. — n. A harsh cry. — SoOAU'er, «.
S^aail'y i-f^ a. Abounding with squalls ; gusty.
SqoalOld (skwiloid), a. [NL. Squalus a genus <rf
sharks -f -oid.Ji Pert, to sharks.
SqiMlor (-lor), n. [L., fr. sgualere to be filthy.]
Squalidness; foulness; fllthiness; squalidity.
II Sqaafme (-m&). n. [L.] Scale cast off from the skin.
Sqaa-moae' (skwiUmSe'), ) a. [L. tqtiamonut, fr.
Sqaa'moai (skwS'mfis^, ) gquama.'] Covered with,
or consisting of, scales ; like a scale ; ecalv.
Squan'Oer (skviOn'uer), r. /. [Cf. Sw. torhUa to
squirt, sqvaitra to squander.] To spend lavialily or pro-
fusely. — Soatn'der-er, n.
Syn.— To spend ; expend ; waste ; scatter ;
dissipate.
Square (skwtr), n. [OF. esquarrt a car-
penter's square ; L. rx -f-7t«/7<frMf a square, fr.
quattttor four.] 1. A parallelogram having
four equal sides and four right angles. 2. c«„.^ ,
Anything square, or nearly so. 3. A block ^"■'♦' '
of houses ; open area in a town. 4. Mechanic's instru
S, e, 1, 5, a, kmg ; ft, 6, 1, ft, a, ^, short ; sandte, gvmit, idea, 6bey, finite, cftre, iUm, Ask, f|U, fnoL
SQUARELY
639
STAFF
i
ment havlag At least one right angle and two or more
atra^ht edges, to test square work. 5. Product of
« number or quantity multiplied by itself. 6. Re-
lation of harmony, or exact agreement ; equality ;
l0v«L «• a. 1. Haying four equal sideji and four
right angles. 2. Fonmng a right angle. 3. Exactly
suitable or correspondent; true; ja^t. 4. Exact;
fair ; honest. 6. Even ; leaving no balance. — r. t.
1. To form with four equal aides and four right
angles. 2. To form with right angles or flat sur-
faces. 3. To reduce to any given measure or
standard. 4. To adjust ; to regulate ;
to fit. 6.Tobalance. e-TomulUplvagEBBBSm
(a number or quantity) by itself.- v. i. carpenter'.
1. To accord or agree exactly ; to fit. Square,
a. To toke a boxing attitude ; — with ^
up or off. iCollog.]— Bmuot^J (skwtrHy), adv.
Sqvart'-Ilf ged' (skwkr'rTgdO, a. Having the sails
extended upon yards suspended horizontally by the mid-
dle, as disting. fr. fore-and-aft sails.
S^pUUr-rOM' (skwSr-rSy or skwSr'rS^), a. [L. sguar-
rotu* scurfy, scabby.] Ragged ; rough ; jagged.
ffHtnath (skwSsh), n. [Massachusetts Indian asq^ pi.
asqwuhj raw, green, applied to fruit used when green, or
without cooking.] Plant and fruit of the gourd kind.
S^push, V. t. [OF. eseachier, e»quachier, to squash,
to crush.] To best or press into pulp ; to crush. — n.
1. Something soft and easily crushed. 2. Sudden fall
of a heavy, soft body ; shock of soft bodies.
SQIlKt (skw5t), V. i. [OF. esquattr^ cf. It. gttatlo
squat, cowering.] 1. To sit down upon the hams or
heels. 2. To sit close to the ground ; to cower. 3. To
settle on another's land without title.— a. 1. Cower-
ing; crouching. 2. Short and thick.— n. Posture of
one sitting close to the ground. — Sonaf ter, n.
Sqnafty (skwSt'tj^), a. Squat ; dumpy.
Smiaw (skw]|), n. [Massachusetts Indian iqua, e«A-
ftto. ] An Indian woman.
S^niawk (akw^k), V. i. To utter a shrill scream. — n.
1. A harsh squeaJc. 2. The American night heron.
Bq^ffHk (skwSk), V. i. [Prob. imitative.] To utter a
sharp, shrill cry; to creak.— n. A sharp, shrill sound
anddenly uttered. — SVMftk'er, n.
SVIMI (skwSI), r. i. [Cf. 8w. sgrala.} 1. To cry
with a long, sharp, shrill sound, as certain animals do,
indicating want or pain. 2. To turn informer ; to be-
tray a secret. [^/an^^J — n. A shrill, sharp cry.
Bdneillllsll (Bkw8mTBh)i a. [OE. tquaimou*^ prob.
fr. OE. 9wem disxiness.] Having a stomach eaoily nau-
seated ; nice to excess in t%ste ; fastidious. — Sqnoam'-
iib-ly, adv. — SanMmlBta-iieu, n.
Syn.— Dainty ; ovemice ; scrupulous. See Fastidious.
SgnoaBO (skwSz), V. t. [A3, ewesan.'i 1. To press
between two boiies; to compress so as to expel juice,
moisture, etc. 2. To force by compression ; often with
ou/, through^ etc. — v. t. To press ; to pass, by pressing ;
to crowd. -*n. 1. A squeezing; compression between
bodies; pressure. 2. A facsimile impression tiUcen in
some soft substance, as pulp, from an inscription.
Squalall (skwSlch), v. /. To quell ; to crush ; to si-
lence.-»n. A heavy fall ; crushing reply. lColloq.'\
Squib (skwTb), n. [Icel. snpa to dart.] 1. A little
firework. 2. Sarcastic publication ; petty laiupoon.
Bonia (skwTd), n. [Cf. Squirt.] 1. A cuttlefish.
2. A fishhook with a bright substance fastened on its
shank to imitate a squid.
SqnUl (skwU), n. [F. squille, L. squilla.] 1. A lily-
like plant, of acrid, expectorant, diuretic, and nmetic prop-
artier, us^ I in medirlnft. 2. (a) A squilla. (ft) A mantis.
I Sqnflla (nkwTin*), n. [L., a sea onion, also, a prawn
or shrimp.] A stomapod rrustxicean which burrows in
mud or beneath stones on the seafthore.
Squint (skwYnt), a. [D. nchninte a slope, Jtchuin,
tehuiruch^ sloping, oblique.] 1. Looking obliqtiely ; not
Fox SqnirrcL
having the optic axes coincident;— said of the eyea.
2. Looking askance.— v. i. 1. To look obliquely, asquint,
or awry, or with a furtive glance. 2. To be cross-eyed.
3. To deviate from a true line. — r. /. 1. To direct ob-
liquely. 2. To cause to look with uoucoincident optic
axes. — n. 1. A squinting. 2. Strabismus.
Sqnlnt'-eye' (skwTntlO, n. An eye that squints.
Sqnlat'-eyed' (-id^), a. l. Having eyes tliat squint ;
oross-eve J. 2. Lookingobliqnely, or asquint ; malignant.
Squire (akwir), n. [Aphetic form of esquire.] 1. A
shield-bearer who attended a knight. 2. A title of dig-
nity next below knight, and above gentleman. lEng.]
3. A male attendant ou a great personage ; devoted at-
tendant of a lady ; beau. 4. A title of office and cour-
tesy. See EsQUiaa. — v. t. To attend as a squire.
Squirm (skwSrm), v. %, To twist about briskly with
contortions like an eel or a worm ; to wriggle j^ to writhe.
Sqnlr^l (skwSr'rSl or skwTr'-), f».
eseurelf L. sciurtu. Or. aicibv-
pot ; OKia sliade -\- ovpa tail.]
A small rodent animal, havhig
a bushy tail and strong hind
legs. They are commonly ar-
boreal in their habits, but many
species live in burrows.
Squirt (skwSrt), V. t. & i.
[Cf. LG. nvirtjen to squirt] .^
To eject (water, etc.) in a ~.^ '
stream out of a narrow pipe or i *
orifice. — n. 1. A syringe, or o .
Sipe for ejecting a liquid forci-
ly. 2. Ajet.— Sqiiirt'er,n.
Stab (stSb), V. t. & i. [Cf. OD. Mtaten to fasten ; akin
to £. staff. '\ To pierce with a pointed instnimeut. — n.
Thrust or wound of a pointed weapon.— StatoHMr, n.
SU-bill-ty (stA-bll'I-ty), n. 1. A being sUble, or
firm; steadiness. 2. Firmnessof resolution or purpose;
steadfastness. 3. Fixedness;— as opp. to yfutai/y.
StaOlto (sta'b'l), a. [F., fr. L. stabUu, tt. stare to
stand. ] 1. Firmly established ; cot easily movtHl, shaken,
or overthrown ; fixed. 2. Steady in purpose. 3. Dura-
ble ; not subject to overthrow or change.
Sjm. — Fixed ; constant ; abiding ; durable ; firm.
StA'ble, n. [OF. estable, fr. L. stabulum^ fr. stare to
stand.] A house for beasts to lodge and feed In. ^ v. /.
& t. To lodge in a stable.
StA'bUllg, n. 1. A keeping horses and cattle in a
stable. 2. Room for horses and cattle.
Sta^bly (-blj^), adv. In a stable manner ; flrroly.
ll8taiH)a'to(8ak-kS't6),a. [It.] Disconnected ; sep-
arated ; distinct ; — a
direction to perform ^^
the notes of a musical zs
passage in a short, dis-
tinct, and pointed Staccnto Notei.
manner.
Staok (stlk), n. [Icel. stakkr.l 1. A large pHe of
havj grain, straw, etc. 2. A pile of wood containing 108
cubic feet. 3. {a) A number of clustenn] fines, rising
above the roof. (6) An upright pipe*, affording a con-
duit for smoke, ^r. /. To lay in a pile.
Stad'dle (stJSd'dU), n. [AS. stabol foundation, firm
seat; akin to B. stnn*i.'\ 1. A support; stsfT; prop.
2. Frame of a stwrk of bay. 3. Small forest tree.
llSU'dl-nm (sta'dT-ttm), n.; pi. Stadia (-4). [Or.
orajiov.] 1. A Greek measure of length, being 606 feet
9 inchen English. 2. A surveyor's measuring rod.
Staff (8t4f), n. ; pi. Stavks (savz or stKvs) or Stafts
(stAfsJ in senses 1-6, Staffs la senxe 6. [AS. jrfcr/.]
1. A long pieoe of wood ; stick ; han<*1e of an instrument
or weapon. 2. Stick carried in the 1 and for support or
defense; that which props or upi^lds. 3. A po1» or
wxnd borne as an ensign of authority ; a badge of office.
4. A pole upon which a fiag is displayed. 5. The fire
fSm, recent, Arb, r^de, fyll, Qm, food, fo^ot, oat, oil, chair, so, sin^, igk, then, thin.
STAG
640
STAMINAL
6. An
Stug Beetle {LucatiUM
lines and the ^leoee on which moaio it written,
establiahment of executive offlcert at- — —
taobed to an army, a dei>artment of
gOTernment, a poblic Institution, etc ~~~~~~~~Z
SU«(rt«g).ii. ricel.*/<vymaleof g^^^ 5,
MTenu animalB.] 1. The adult male
of the European red deer, alao of certain other apedea of
large dees. 2. A castrated bull.
Staff beetle, one of aeveral European and Ajnerican
beetles, having the mandibles large
and branched, or forked. The larva
feeds on the rotten wcM of dead
treea. Called also honiea tntg^ and
horse beetle.
Stas* (»tSj), n. lOF. e^age, tr.
L. stare to stand.] 1. A raised
floor or platform on wiiich an ora-
tor mav speak, a plav be performed,
etc. 2. A scaffold; staging. 3.
The theatre ; playhouse ; the drama.
4. Scene of any noted action. 6.
Place of rest on a r^ularly traveled
road ; station for a relay of horses. 6. Distance between
two places of rest on a road. 7. Degree of progress to-
ward an end or result. 3. Large public vehicle running
from station to station ; stagecoach ; omnibus. 9. One
of several marked phases in the development of many
animals and plants. ^ v. t. To exhibit upon a stage.
SUgo'OOaoll' (-kSchOf n. Coach running from one
sttfe or place to another, to convey passengers.
StaCO^lay' (-plSO, n. A theatrical entertainment.
BUMt^pitiJ'WC^ n. An actor on the stage.
BwgWC (sta'jSr)i n. 1. Oue who has long acted on
the stage of life. 2. A horse used in drawing a stage.
8Ug'|^(8tig'g8r),v.<. [Iceh ttakra.] 1. To move
to one side and the other, as u about to fall, in standing
or walking ; to sway ; to reel or totter. 2. To begin to
waver in purpose ; to hesitate. — v. t. To cause to doubt ;
to shock. — n. 1. An unsteady moUou ; vertigo. 2. pi.
A disease of horses, etc., attended by reeling or sudden
falling. —Stag^fer-lng-ly, adv.
SU'glllff (stI'jTng), n. J. Structure of poeU and
boards for supporting workmen, etc., as in building.
2. A running stagecoaches ; joumeyiug in stagecoaches.
StAg'lUUlt (stlg'nant), a. 1. That stagnates; not
flowing ; impure or foul from want of motion. 2. Not
active or brisk ; dull. — 8tag'lUUl-€T, n.
Stag^nate, v. i. [L. stagrmre, -natumj to stagnate, fr.
ttagnum standing water.] To cease to flow ; to become
stagnant, dull, or inactive. — Stac-liatlOII, n.
Staid (stSd), a. [Fr. stay to stop.] Sober; grave;
steady. — Staidly, odr. — StaUl'naM, n.
Syn. — Sober ; steadfast ; composed ; regular ; sedate.
Stain (stin), V. t. [Kbhr. fr. distain.'] 1. To dis-
color bv appljing foreign matter ; to make foul ; to
spot. 2. To color (wood, glass, paper, cloth, etc.) by
Erocesses affecting the material itself ; to dye. 3. To
lot ; to tarnish. ^ r. i. To srive or receive a stain.
Syn. — To Paiht ; Stain ; Dtk ; blot ; soil ; sullv ; dis-
color ; disgrace : taint. — To paint denotes a mechanical
process : to stain and dp^ are chiefly < heraical. To paint
a thing IB to spread a coat of coloring matter over ft ; to
siain or dye it is to impart color to its substance. To
stain is said chiefly of solids, as wood, glass, paper ; to
dye^ of flbrous substances, textile fabrica, etc.
— n. 1. A discoloration by foreign matter. 2. A
natural spot of a color different from the ground. 3.
Taint of gniit. — StaiB'ar, «. — StaiBloas, a.
Stair (stir), n. [AS. stffger, fr. stlgan to ascend, rise.]
1. One step of a aeries for ascending or descendinr to a
different level. 9. K iwries of Kteps ; — commonly in pi.
Staii'case' (stftrOcSs"). StaixMray' (-wi'), n. A flight
of stairs V »* >• their f ram work, casing, baluitcr», etc.
Stake (stSk), n. [AS. staca.} 1. A sharpened stick.
2. Tlmlrer to which a rairtyr wns affixed to be burned ;
8taUctitc»in W;
n Wvsi
IndisD
indotte Csva,
DK.
martyrdom by fire. 3. A wager; pledge.— v. 1 1. To^
fasten, support, or defend with stakes. 2. To mark the
limits of by stakes. 3. To wager ; to pledge.
At staka, in danger ; hasarded ; pledged.
SU-Iao'tite (sti-Uk'tit), n.; pi. STALAcmvi (-tito).
[6r. OToAaiCT^ oostug
out in drops, dropping,
fr. (rroAa^cii' to drop.]
A pendent uone or cylin-
der of calcium carbonate
formed like an icicle. —
SU-lai/tio, SU-laotio-
al (-tT-kiii), Stal'ao-
ntfiQ (stll'ik-tltMk),
Stal'ao-titliHd, a.
SU-larmitt(stA-iSg'.
mit), n. [Or. OTaAay^a
that which drops, a drop,
fr. vToAo^cty.] A deposit
resembling an inverted
stalactite, formed by cal-
careous water dropi^ng
on the floors of caverns.
— Stal'af-mitlo (stU/«
Ig-mTt'Tk), Stal'ac-
Ddtlo-al, a.
Stale (Btal),ff. [AUn
to staU.) 1. Vapid or
tasteless from age. 2. Not f reahly made. 3. Worn oat ;
decayed. 4. Worn out by use or familiarity ; trite ;
common. —Stale'nen, n.
stalk (stftk), n. [0£. statke, fr. AS. staU, stel, a stalk.]
1. Stem of a plant ; petiole, nediccl, or peduncle, of a
plant. 2. Stem of a quilL 3. A peduncle of certain
barnacles and crinoids,andof eyes of decapod crustaceans.
Stalk, V. i. [AS. staelcan to go slowljr ; cf . steale high,
elevated, Dan. staUe to stalk.] 1. To walk slowly and
cautiously, or in a stealthy manner. 2. To walk behind
something asascreen, in approaching game. 3. To walk
with hiffh and proud steps ; — usually implying affectati<Hi
of dignity. — r. /. To approach (game) under cover or
by stealth. — n. A proud, stately wslk. — Stalk'er, n.
Stalklng-liona' (stftk^Ing-hdrsO, r>. 1. A horee, or
figure of a horse, behind which a hunter conceals himself
from his game. 2. A mask ; pretense.
Stall (stftl), n. [AS., a pUce, seat, sUUe ; akin to
0. stellen to place. Or. (rr^AAcif, and £. stand.} 1. A
stand ; station ; place where a horse or ox is kept snd
fed ; division of a stable for one horse, etc. 2. Place
where merchandise is exposed for sale. 3. Seat in the
choir of a church or in a theatre, ^v. /. 1. To put into
a stall or stable. 2. To plunge into mire.
Stall'-feed' (^tnl'fedO, v. t. To feed and fatten (an
ox, etc.) in a stall or on ory fodder.
StalOSoil (rtU'yttn), n. [OF. estalon, fr. OHO. sUd
a stable.] A male horse not csetrated.
Stal'wait (st51'w8rt or st^l'-), ) a. [AS. stmlvyr8.'\
Stallrortll C-w^rth), ( Brave; bold; stroM.
StalBan (sta'mSn), n. ; pi. E. Stamsvs (-mSM) ; L.
STAMniA (stimT-nA). [L. stamen the warp, thread, fiber,
akin to Or. or^Hmp the warp, fr. urravoi to atand, BL
stand.! 1. A thread ; warp
thread. 2. The male organ of
flowers for secreting and fur-
nishing the pollen or fecunda- a'
tinflf dust. It consists of the
anther and filament.
Staml-na (8tSm'T-n&), n.pl.
1. The fixed, firm part of a
body, giving it strength stamens, etc. 8«ctloii of Dover
and solidity. 2. Whatever of Cherry, showing: <> Pttels
constitutes the principal 2>A* 5!*"yS?iil r/sSS?"
strength or support of aiy- *»» ^^^ ' ** ^'^^^ ' ' ^**»~*-
thing ; power of endurance ; backbone ; vigor.
S, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; &, «, I, ft, a. t, abort ; senftte, «vent. Idea, 6bey, finite, cftre, Mrm, Ask, nn, flnoL
STAMINAL
641
START
Stanl-iial, SU-mln'e^ (>UpmTii'»-ai), SU-mln'e-
OBS (-Us)* a. 1. Consisting of atsmens or threads. 2.
Pert, to, or possessing, stamens ; attached to the stamens.
Staa/l-liate (stSmT-ntt), a. (a) Having, or produ-
stamens. {b) HsTing stamens, but lacUng pistils.
im'mer (-mer), v. i. [AS. stamur stammering;
akin to O. gtumm dumb.] To make involuntary stops In
speaking; to stutter.— r. /. To utter imperfectly . -»n.
Ilefectii
jfective utterance ; a stutter. — ,
Stamp (stimp), V. t. [LO. & D. stampen; akin to
B. step.] 1. To strike or press forcibly with ttie bottom
of the foot. 2. To bring down (the foot) forcibly on the
ground. 3. To pulverize. 4. To impress with a mark.
6. To mint ; to coin. 6. To put a stamp on (a letter,
etc.) for postage, or on a legal document, —v. i. 1. To
strike ; to cnudi. 2. To strike the foot forcibly down-
ward, ^n. 1. A stamping, as with the foot. 2. Ttiat
which stamps. 3. Mirk nukde by stamping ; impression.
4. An official mark set upon dutiable goods, postal mat-
ter, receipts, etc., to show that the duty or tax is paid.
6. Make; cast; form; character. — SUimj^er, n.
Stam-ped*' (stKm-pSd'), n. [Sp. estampida^ akin to
estampar to stamp, of German origin.] Headlong scam-
per of a number of animals ; sudden night, as of a crowd
or army in panic. —V. i. & /. To disperse in panic.
Staiioll (stinch), V. L [OF. estanchier to stop a liquid
from flowing.] To stop the flowing of (blood, etc.) ; to
chock. — V. i. To cease, as the flowing of blood . — n. A
flood gate.— a. 1. Strong and tight ; sound ; firm. 2.
Constant and zealous ; steadfast. [Written also staunch.'}
Btan'GllliOB (stln'sblin), n. [OF. estatuon^ It. L. stan*t
ttantUy p. pr. of tiare to stand.] 1. A prop ; support ;
^ Bar for confining cattle in a stall.
(-nils), a. Pert, to, or
sta:
ay. 2.
Bund
(stIn'sbSn), n. [OF. estanson, f r. L. slant,
- - .5 ] - '
-ttle
(stSnd), V. i. [imp. & p. p. Stood (std6d) ; p.
pr. & vb. n. Stakdimo.] [AS. stanaan ; akin to L. stare,
Or. itrrdvai to cause to stand, <rnvai to stand.] 1. To
be at rest in an erect position. 2. To be situated or lo-
cated. 3. To cease from progress; to stop; to pause.
4. To endure ; to last. 5. To be fixed, steady, or firm ;
to take a position in resistance or opposition. 6. To
olTer one's self, or to be offered, as a candidate. — r. /.
1. To endure; to bear. 2. To resist; to withstand.
3. To abide by ; to suffer. 4. To set upright ; to cause
to stand. — n. 1. A standing. 2. A halt for defense,
resistance, or opposition. 3. Place where one stands, or
from which a spectacle may be viewed. 4. Small table ;
something on or in which anything may be laid, hung, or
placed upright. 5. Place where a witness stands to tes-
tify in court. 6. Situation of a shop, store, hotel, etc
7. Rank ; post : standing. 8. A state of perplexity.
Stand'ara (stKud'Srd), n. [OF. estendart, prob. fr. L.
exiendere to extend, but influenced by E. stand.'] 1. A
flag: colors; national, or other ensign. 2. That which
is established as a rule for measure of quantity, extent,
value, or quality. 3. Established rule or model ; crite-
rion ; test. 4. An upright support in framing. — a. 1.
Being, affording, or according with, a standard for com-
parison and judgment. 2. Having recognized value.
Stand^liur, a. 1. Remaining erect 2. Not flowing;
stagnant. 3. Not transitory; lasting. 4. Established
by law, custom, etc.; settled ; permanent ; not temporary.
6. Not movable; fixed.— n. 1. A stopping, or coming
to a stand ; the being erect upon the feet. 2. Maintenance
of position ; duration : continuance. 3. Place to stand
in ; station. 4. Condition in society ; reputalion ; rank.
gtandlah, n. [Stand -\- dUh.] A stand for pen and ink.
Btand'polllt' (-point'), n. A fixed point or station ;
position from which objects are viewed and judged.
d'atlll' (-stTlO, n. A stop ; a sUte of rest.
nlune (stlnOiSp; coiloq. stXn'fip), n. A light
carriage, without a top ; — named from Lord Stanhope.
Stank (stSnk), imp. of Sinnc. Stunk.
Stan'na-ry (stln'niUrj^), a. [L. stannum tin.] Pert,
to tin mines, or tin works. — n. A tin mine ; tin works.
StaBfllio(stXn'nTk),f
containing, tin.
Stan^ (stXn'zA), n. [It., fr. L. stans, p. pr. of stare
to stand.] A number of lines forming a division of a poem.
N Sta'poa (sa'pfiz), n. [LL. , stirrup.] A bone of the
ear. See Ear.
Sta'ple (stS'pM), n. [AS. stapul a step, prop, table, f r.
stapan to step, go, raise ; akin to E. step.} 1. A settled
mart ; emporium ; place for wholesale traffic. 2. Prin-
cipal commodity in a market ; chief item. 3. Unmanu-
factured material ; raw material. 4. Fiber of wool, cot-
ton, flax, etc. 6. A loop of iron, with two points to be
I driven into wood, to hold a hook, pin, etc. —a. 1. Es-
tablished in commerce ; occupying the markets ; settled.
! 2. Regularly produced in large Quantities ; chief. — r. /.
To sort cotton, wool, etc., according to its staple.
I Sta'pler.n. 1. Dealer in staple s^s. 2. Wool sorter.
I , Star (stSr), n. [AS. steorra ; akin to L. stella. Or.
oumip, aUrrpov.] 1. One of the minor luminous bodies
ateea m the heavens. 2. Figure of a star. 3. A radiated
mark in writing or printing ; an asterisk [thus, *] ; —
used as a reference to a note, or to indicate an omission.
4. One of brilliant qualities, esp. a distinguished orator,
leading theatrical performer, etc — v. t. To set witli
stars, or bright bodies ; to bespangle. •» v. i. To shine
like a star ; to be brilliant or prominent.
StarlMMUd' (stiir'bSrd' or -bSrd), n. [AS. stedrbord,
i. e., steer board.] Side of a vessel on the right hand of
one on board facing the bow ; — opp. to larboard, or port,
^a. Pert, to the right-hand side of a ship. ^ v. /. To
put (the helm, etc.) to the right side of a vessel.
Staroll (starch), a. [AS. stearc stark, strtmg, rough.]
Stiir ; precise ; rigid.— n. 1. Vegetable substance, with-
out taste or smell, and used as a food, for stiffening linen,
in making paste, etc 2. A stiff manner ; formality. •»
V. t. To stiffen with starch. [stiff ; precise. I
Standi^ (-j^), a. Consisting of starch ; like starch ;|
Stare (stftr), r. «. [AS. starian ; akin to Or. <rrepcdf
solid (E. stereo-).} 1. To look with fixed eyes wide open.
2. To be very conspicuous.^ V. t. To gaze at.^n. A
staring ; a fixed look with eyes wide open. — Starrer, n.
Syn. - To gaze ; to look earnestly. See Oazk.
Staiffiall' (stXr'fTsb'), n. A marine animal having
ran like a ^^r.
Stark >4tKrk), a. [AS.
**fljrtf.] 1. Stiff; rigid. 2.
Strong ; vigorous ; powerful.
3, Mere ; itheer \ gross ; down-
right, — ^^d^u Wholly ; en-
Unty I abeolutely ; quite.
Staraesa
" . (stJirMSs), a.
< Having no start
- visible.
Star'Ugbt'
(-lit'), n. The
light given by
the stars.— a.
Lighted by the
stars, or bythe
■tars only.
Starainr
(-lTng),n. [A*
itmr.} 1. Euro-
pean passerine
sociable bird. 2. A California fish ; rock trout.
Star'ry (sU&r'rj^), a. 1. Abounding with stars. 2.
Consisting of, or proceeding from, the stars; stellar.
3. Shining like sUrs ; sparkling. 4. Stellate.
Start (stKrt), V. i. [Akin to D. sAorten to hnrl, rush,
fall.] 1. To move suddenly, as from surprise, pain, etc. 2.
To set out ; to beirin. 3. To become displaced or loosened.
— V. /. 1. To disturb suddenly ; to startle ; to cause to
flee or fly. 2. To originate ; to invent. 3. To set going.
Common American Stsrflsh (Asterieu
vidff<xn'$).
tSrUf recent, Orb, ryde, f^ Qm, food, fdbt, out, oil, cbab, go, sin^ Igk, then, thin.
STABTER
642
STEAL
4. To diiplaoe or looten ; to dialocate. 6. To poor out ;
to empty (a cask, etc.)*— n. 1. A startinff ; sudden
motion, cuiaed by surprise, fear, pain, etc. 2. Convul-
sive motion, twitch, or spasm ; spasmodic effort. 3. A
sudden, unexpected movement; capricious impulse;
■ally. 4. Beginning, as of a journey or course of action ;
outset : — opp. to finish, — SUrf er (stiirt^r), n,
Star'tle (stilrt'l), v. i. [Freq. of start.} To move
suddenly on feeling alarm. — v. t. To f rigliten suddenly
and not seriously ; to surprise. — n. Sudden motion.
Syn. — To sUrt ; shock ; fright : frighten ; alarm.
Starve (starv), v. t. [as. tteorfunA 1. To perish
with hunger ; to suffer extreme want. 2. To perish with
cold. —V. /. 1. To kill with hunger. 2. To subdue by
famine, or by want of any kind. 3. To deprive of vigor ;
to disable. —Star-Ta'tiOII (star-va'shUn), n.
Star¥e'll]l|r, n. One that pines from lack of nutri-
ment. — a. Hungry ; lean ; ptniug with want.
8Ut« (stat), n. [OF. estat. It. L. Hatut a standmg,
Ksition, fr. ttare^ statum^ to stand.] 1. Condition of a
ing or thing at any given time. 2. Rank ; quality. 3.
Prosperous circumstances; social importance. 4. Ap-
pearance of grandeur; pomp. 6. A community of a
particular character. 6. Bodies constituting a national
legislature. 7. Body of people united under one govern-
ment ; nation. 8. In the United States, one of the com-
monwealths which make up the nation.
Syn. — Statb; Sttuatioji ; CoKDmoir. — Stale is the
generic term, and denotes the mode in which a thing
stands or exists. The situation of a thing is its state in re^
erence to external objects and influences ; its condition is
Its internal state, or what it is in itself considered,
—a. Pert, to the state, or body politic ; public— r. /.
To express the particulars of ; to narrate ; to recite.
SUt'ed (stif 8d), a. 1. Settled ; esUblished ; fixed.
2. Becurriug at regular times. — Stkt'ed-ly, adv.
StatellOliae' (-hous^), n. Building in wliich a State
lerislature holds iu sessions ; a State capitol. [27. 5.]
Stately, a. Evincing sUte or dignity ; lofty ; grand.
— a<fr. MajenticaUy ; loftily. — Statell-BeM, n.
State'lllAIlt, n. 1. A stating, reciting, or presenting,
orally or on paper. 2. That wliich is stated ; narrative.
StaWiroom^ (-r55ra0« »• 1. A magnificent room in a
pidace. 2. Compartment for sleeping in a vessel or car.
StatMtliail, n. A man versed in public affairs and in
government ; one eminent for political abilities. — States'-
man-llka', SUtes'maii-ly. a. — SUtes'maii-flhlp, n.
Static (stXtTk), ) a. [Or. <rrari<cdf causing to stand,
StatlO-al C-Y-kal), ( skilled in weigliing, fr. tordi^ai
to cause to stand.] 1. Resting ; acting by mere weight
without motion. 2. Pert, to lx>dies in eqiulibrium.
StaflOS (-Yks), n. Science of bodies lield at rest by
forces acting on them ; — disting. fr. dynamics.
Sta'tlon (sa'shQn), n. [F., fr. L. statio, fr. stare,
statum, to stand.] 1. Place where anything stands, or is
appointed to remain, (a) A regular stopping place on a
stage road, railroad, etc (6) Headquarters of a military,
naval, or police force, (c) Place at which observations
are made, in surveying, etc. 2. Post assigned ; office ;
sphere of duty ; employment. 3. State ; rank ; condi-
tion of lif<». ^ ?'. /. To place : to »et ; to appoint.
Syn. — Statiok : Drpot.— In the United States, a stop-
ping place on a railroad for passengers and freight is com-
monly called a depot ; but to a considerable extent the
more appropriate name, station^ has been adopted.
Statton-n-ry (-t-rj^), a. 1. Not moving; stable;
fixed. 2. Neither improving nor getting worse.
Sta'tUm-er, n. One who sells articles used in writing.
Statton-er-y (-«r-j^), n. Articles sold by stationers.
— ff. B<»longing to, or sold by, a stationer.
Sta'tlst, n. 1. AKtat4>Rman. 2. A sUtistician.
Sta-tlBtlo (st&tTs'tTk), \ a. Pert, to statistics. — Sta-
Sutls^o-al (tT-kai), ( tlBtlo-al-ly, odr.
Stat'la-tl'dan (sUt'Is-tYsh'an), n. One versed in sta^
tUtics ; one who classifies facts for statistics.
SU-tlsllM (sti-tTs'tTks), fi. 1. Sclenoe of coltoetinK
and dassif 3ring facts respecting the condition of the p0o>
Sle in a state. [In this sense grammatically singular.]
i. pi. Classified facts respecting the condition of the
people in a state, their health, longevity, domesAie <
omy, arts, property, sources, etc.
Stafn-a-ry (stlU'tt-t-rj^), n. [L. siatuarius, tt. s
statue.] 1. Ifaker of statues. 2. Art of carving
statues. 3. A collection of statues ; sti^ues, coUecti vely.
Stafm (sat'fi ; 40), n. [F., fr. L. siatuoj fr. start,
staium, to stand.] Sculptured likeness of a living being.
Stat'n-aaQIM' (-a-SskO, <r. LlkeasUtue. ^tatue.!
Stat'n-etta' (-8t^), n. [F.; it. statiutta.] A small |
SUt'Ort (sUt'Ar; 40), n. [F. ; fr. L. statura, orig.,
an upright posture; henoe, size of the body, fr. stare,
HatuMj to stand.] Height of an animal body, esp. of
the human body.
II SUOUS (stS't&s), n. [L.] State ; condition.
SUm-U-ble (stlt'tt-ti-bn ; 40), a. X. Made hj
statute. 2. Made in conformity to statute ; standard.
Statllta (-dt), n. [F. statut, fr. L. siatuert, stoHthm,
to set, ordain, fr. status i4ation, fr. stare.'] 1. A legis-
lative act declaring, commanding, or prohibiting som^
thing. 2. Act of a corporation, intended as a law.
Stat'n-tO-ry (-tt-t«-rj^ ; 40), a. Enacted by stotute.
Staunch (stKnch), a. & v. Stanch.
Stave (stiv), n. [Fr. stajT, corresp. to the pL
staves.l 1. One of a number of strips of wood, or inm
plates, to form the sides, covering, or lining of a cask,
pail, etc 2. Bar of a rack, ladder, etc. 3. A metrical
portion ; stanza ; staff. «— r. /. 1. To break in the staves
of ; to burst. 2. To push, as with a staff. 3. To drive
away. 4. To furnish with staves or ruudles.
StaT (ttta), n. [AS. stseg."] Rope supporting a mart,
extended from the head of one mast down to some cHha,
or to some part of the vesseL See lUust. of Shit.
Stay, V. t. [imp. & p. p. Statcd (stid) or Stad
(stSd) \ p. pr. & vh. n. STATDie.] [OF. estayer, fr.
estai a prop, prob. fr. OD. stade prop, skin to K. ateadS\
1. To stop from motion or falling ; to prop ; to mppMt.
2. To sustain with strength ; to satisfy in part or for the
time. 3. To endure. 4. To restrain ; to stop. 6. TO
hinder ; to keep back. 6. To wait for. 7. To cause to
cease ; to end. — v. «. 1. To continue in a plaee ; to stop.
2. To wait ; to forbear to act. 3. To rest ; to rely ; to
insist.— n. 1. A support. 2. pi. A corset. 3. Con-
tinuance in a place. 4. Stand ; stop.
Stay'er, n. One that supports, props, stays, etc ; a
horse, man, etc., that has endurance, as in a race.
Stay'saU' (sti'sil' ; among sailors, saVl), n. Any
sail extended on a stay.
Stead (st8d), n. [AS. stede; akin to B. stand.]
Place or room. — r. /. To help ; to assist.
To stand In stead, to be of use or great advantage.
Steadfast (-f&st), a. [Written also stt^ast.] Y.
Firmly established ; fast fixed. 2. Constant; resolute;
unswerving.— Steadlast-ly, adv.^ Steadlast-iieas, ».
Steadl-ly (-T-l^), adv. In a steady manner.
Steadl-neas, n. The being steady.
Syn.— Constancy: resolution; unchangeatuenaas.
Stead'y {•"}), a. [AS. stedig sterile, barren, stm89io
steady.] 1. Firm in standing or position; fixed. 2.
Constuit in feeling, purpose, or pursuit ; not fickle or
wavering; resolute. 3. Regular; constant; uniform.
Syn. — Fixed ; regular ; invariable : unremitted ; stable.
— r. /. To make steady ; to hold or keep from shaking,
reeling, or falling ; to mske constant, regular, or reso*
lute. 1— r. i. To become steady ; to move steadQy.
Steak (stak), n. [Icel. steik, akin to steO^a to roast]
A slice of m^at for broiling.
Steal (itei), v. L [imp. Stolb (stSI) ; P- P-
tSTn); p. pr. & vb. n. Stbauno.] [AS. stetan.!
1. To take away feloniously. 2._To convey (one's self)
(stSTn); p. pr. & vb. n. Stbauno.]
1. To take away feloniously. 2. To con _ .
clandestinely; toinsinuale. 3. To get into one's power
ft, e, I, o, II, long ; ft, 6, 1, 5, 0, t> >bort ; aentte, tvent, tdea, 6bey, Unite, c4re, ttrm, dUk, 1^ finoL
STEALER
643
gradoally i^nd imperceptibly. — v. i. 1. To commit
theft. 2. To KO or come f urti velj^>— StMd'er (stel'Sr), n.
8yn.—lo filch; pilfer; purloiu; thieve.
StaalUl (stSlUi), n. 1. Otig., a eteaiing; theft. 2.
Secret procedure ; dandestiue action.
StMlUl'y i-S), a. Doue by stealth ; furtive ; aly.
" 8t6Altkl-ly, adv. — StMdUi'iiieaSf n.
Stoun (st&n), n. [AS. ttehm vapor, odor.] 1. EUm-
tic vapor of boiling water. 2. Mist of condensed vapor.
Steam boilMr, a boiler for producing steam. — Steam ea-
gbie« an engine moved by steam. — Steam gauge, au in-
A Horizontal Steam Enj^inc. R Vertical Steam Ensrine.
■trument for indicating the pressure of steam in a boiler.
— Steam to;, a steam vessel used iu towing or propelling
ahipe. — Steam vessel, 4 vessel propelled by steam.
— r. i. 1. To emit steam or vapor. 2. To ride iu vapor.
3. To move by agency of steam. — v. t. To expose to
the action of steam, for softening, dressing, or preparing.
BtoamlMMir (-bSf ), n. Boat propelled by steam.
Staam'ar, n. 1. A vessel propelled by steam ; steam-
ship or steamboat. 2. A fire engine whose pumps are
worked by steam. 3. A vessel iu which articles are sub-
jected to action of steam, as in washing, cookery, etc.
Staam'Sllto', n. Ship propelled by steaui ; steamer.
StMUn^ (-y), a. Consisting of, or resembling, steam ;
full of steam ; vaporous ; misty.
8te'a-rlll(st8'4-rTn),n. [Or. orcap ^^^ow, suet.] The
harder ingredient of animal fat. — StO-ar'lo (-Sr'Tk), a.
Ste'S-tltS (-A-tit), n. [Or. (TTcop. J M issi ve talc, quar-
ried for flreplices and for coarse utensils ; soapstone.
Stad (stSd), n., StSd'fast, a., etc. Stead, etc.
Steed (^SJ), n. [AS. gteda stud-horse, war horse.]
A horse, esp. a spirited horse for state or war.
Steel (stil), n. [AS. stelA 1. Iron combined with a
small portion of carbon, uaed in tools, weapons, etc. 2.
Impleipent made of steel. — v. <. 1. To overlay, point,
or edge with steel. 2. To make hard or strong, insensi-
ble or obdurate. [firm ; of the color of steel. I
Steel'y (-j^), a. l. Made of steeL 2. Uke steel ; hard ; |
Steel'yard (stSl'ySrd ; eoUoq. BtTKy8rd), n. [Name of
a place iu London where steel was sold.] A balance for
weighing bodies suspend-
ed m>m the shorter arm of
• lever ; a Roman balance.
Steep (BtSp),f./. [OR.
slepen^ prob. fr. Icel. stey-
IM to pour out.] To soak
In a liquid; to macerate. ^^, -^ ,
Steeo,a. l\8.ste&p; "^ Steelyard,
•kin to Icel. stupa to stoop.] 1. Ascending or descending
rapidly ; precipitous. 2. Excessive ; exorbitint. [Siang]
— 1». A precipitous place, hill, rock, etc.; precipice.
Steev'er, n. Vessel in which things are steeped.
Stee^ple (ste'p'l), n. [AS. xlepe!.^ Spire of a church.
Steeple ehase, a rvce between horsemen, to see which can
first reach some distant object, as a church steeple ; a race
over a course obstructed by hedges, walls, etc.
Steeply (step^y), adr. In a steep manner.
Steep'ness, n. A being steep ; precipitous declivity.
Steer (stSr), n. [AS. stedr; akin to L. taurus. Or.
ravpoi/} A yoimg male of the ox kind ; castrated taurine
male from two to four years old.
i
T
STEP
(stSr), V. t. [AS. stedran ; akin to tledr a rud-
der.] To direct the course of; to guide. — i*. t. 1. To
direct a vessel in its course ; to direct one's course. 2.
To take a direction, or course ; to obey the helm.
Steei'aCe (stSr^j ; 2), n. 1. A steering, or directmg.
2. (a) Manner in wliich a ship is affected by the helm.
(6) Part of • vessel occupied by passengers paying the
lowest fare. [man. I
Steen^BUUI (stSrz'mon), n. One who steers ; helms- 1
StetnOMOk' (stin'bSkO, n. [O. stein stone + bock
buck, D. bok.'\ (a) The European ibex. (6) A small
South African antelope which frequents rocky districts.
StelOar (stSinSr), > a. [L. steUaris, fr. sUlla a star.]
StelOa-ry (-lA-if), } ' ^-^ ' -^
Full of stars; starry.
1. Pert, to stars ; astral.
Stellate, I a. [h. tteUaiui, p. p.
StelOa-ted, S of sUUare to set with
stars, f r. «fe//a.] Like a star ; pointed
or radiated.
Stel-urer-ons (-ITf^r-tts), a. [L.
steUi/er; Stella -f-/erretobear.] Hav-
ing, or abounding with, stars.
StelOi-fonn (stfini-fdrm), a. [L.
siella 4- -form.} Like a star ; star-
shaped ; radiated. Stellate Leaves.
Stelln-lar (-tt-l8r), a. [L. stelluloy diitu of stella.!
1. Like Uttle stars ; radiated. 2. Marked with starlike
spots of color.
Stem (stSm), n. [AS. stemn.'\ 1. Principal body of a
tree or pl^ut ; main stock ; part supporting the branches,
fruit, floWers, etc ; a peduncle, pedicel, or petiole. 2.
Tlie stock of a family ; race of progenitors. 3. A curved
timber to which the sides of a ship are united at the fore
end ; the bow. 4. That part of an Inflected word which
is not changed by the inflection ; theme ; base. — r. i.
1. To remove stems from (fruit, leaves, etc.). 2. To op>
pose or cut with the stem of a vessel ; to resist, or make
progress against ; to check the flow of (a current).
Stem'-Wlnd'er (stfim'wtnd^Sr), n. A watch wound by
mechanism connected with the stem (or handle), not by
a key. [A bad smell ; offensive odor ; stink. 1
StenQh(st8nch),n. [AS.stenc^fr.stincan. SeeSmnE.JI
Sten'cU (stSn'jtTI), n. [OF. eHincelle spangle, spark,
L. scintUlaA Thin plate
of metal, leather, etc.,
perforated with letters or
patterns, which are cop-
ied by a marking brush
on the surface on which it is laid. ^v. t, [imp. & p. p.
Stbncilsd (-nTld) or Stbmcillbd ; p. pr. & vb. n. Stbmcil-
INO or Stbncillino.] To mark in figures with stencils.—
Sten'oU-er, Sten'oll-ler, n.
Sten'o-graph {-t-grkf), v. t. To write or report in
stenographic characters. ^ n. A production of stenog-
raphy; anything written in shorthand. —Ste-noffim-
pher (8t*-n»g'r4-rtfr), Ste-nog'ra-plilet (-fist), n.
STENCIL
graphlo (8t«n/«-grSfTk), Sten'o-graphlo-al (-T-kai), a.
Stentor (stSn'tSr^, n. [Or. SreVrwp.] 1. A herald,
in the Iliad, who had a very loud voice ; any one of pow-
erful voice. 2. A howling monkey, or howler.
Sten-tO^-an (stfin-tyrl-an), a. Extremely loud.
Step (stSp), V. i. [AS. stfpppan ; akin to D. stappen to
step, slap, n. J 1. To move with the feet. 2. To wnlk ;
to go on foot. 3. To walk slowly, gravely, or resolutely.
— r. /. 1. To set (the foot). 2. To fix the foot of (a
mast) in its step ; to erect. ^ n. 1. Movement made by
one removal of the foot ; a pace. 2. A rest for the foot
in ascending or descending ; stair ; round of a ladder. 3.
Space passed over by one movement of the foot in walk-
ing or running. 4. A small space or distance. 6. A print
of the foot ; footprint ; track. 6. Oait ; manner of walk-
fSra, recent, Arb, ryde, fyU, llm, food, ftfbt, oat, oil, chair, go, sin^, iQk, then, tbin.
STEPBROTHER
544
STICKLEBACK
log. 7. ProcMding ; meaaure ; action. 8. pi. Portable
framework of atairs. 9. A framing iuteuded to receive
an upright abaft, beel of mast, etc. 10. Interval between
two contiguouB degreea of the muaical scale.
Stepliroai'er (»t«[/bratii'Sr), n. [as. itOp- + s.
brother.'] Brother by the marriage of one*a father with an-
other's mother, or of one*a mother with another's father.
Step'Olllld' (-chad/), n. [AS. sledpcUd.'] Son or
daughter of oxu^b wife or husband by a former marriage.
StoJ^davgh'tflr (-dft^tSr), n, [as. stedpdohlor.} A
daughter by marriage only.
8l«p^'tlMr(-fa'th8r),n. lAS. Hedpfmder.] HusbMid
of one's mother by a subsequent marriage.
SMp'lad'der (-ISdMSr), n. PorUble set of steps.
8t«P'ni0t]l'er(-mfitti'Sr),n. IA&. gtedpmOder.] Wife
of one's father by a subsequent marriage.
Sttqme (stSp), n. [Russ. stepe.'] One of the vast pUiua
in Southeastern Europe and in Asia.
Sttp'pillgHrtlHia/ (-pTng-stSn'), n. 1. Stone to raise
the feet above wiuer or mud in walking. 2. Means of
progreaa or advancement.
ISKtp'fte'tflr (-sTs^tSr), n. Daughter of one's stepfather
or stepmother by a former marriage.
St^SOn' (-BunOt n. [AS. ste^wtnu.'] Bon of one*8
husband or wife by a former marriage.
Sttr'OO-n'oaoilS (stSr^kd-rS'sliCU), a. [L. Miercvs,
-eoritt dung.] Of, pert, to, like, or containitig, dung.
Stera (ster or sttr), n. [F. sth-e^ fr. Or. <rr«pc^ solid.]
A unit in the metric system, being a cubic meter, or
kiloliter = 35.3 cubic feet, or nearly 1^ cubic yards.
Stt^n-Ogfnitliy (stS'rt-Sg'ri-fj^ or stfir'^), n.
[Stereo- (Gr. ortpctk) -|- -grapky.] A delineating solid
bodies on a plane ; branch of solid geometnr. showing the
construction of all refmlarly deflt^ solids. — St^TO-O*
gniplilo (-t-grSflk), 8t«^re^gn]di1o-al, a.
St«'r»Wa-00ll(-9p'tT-k5n),n. [NL.] A magic lan-
tern showing photographic pictures on a screen as if
standing out in relief ; pair of magic lanterns producing
dissolving views.
Bte're^hMOpe (stS'rM-akSp or stSr't-), n. [Stereo-
■\- -scope."] Optical instrument giving to pictures the
appearance of solid forms, as seen in nature. — 8t«''ra-0-
•ooplo (-sk5p^k). Ste^re-o-soopflo-al, a.
Stt'lre-0-type(-o-tip),n. iStereo- -^ -type.] 1. ApUte
forming a facsimile of a page of tjrpe or of an engraving,
used in printlug books, etc. 2. Art or process of making,
or printing from, such plates. — v. /. 1. To make ste-
reotype Dlates of. 2. To make firm or permanent ; to form
in a fixed, unchanffeable manner. — BtoTe-O-typOT, n.
Starfle (stSrTl), a. [L. steriii*.] Prodncinir no crop
or offspring ; barren. — 8t«-llI1-t7 (stt-rTlT-tj^), n.
SterH-Ue (-iz), v. t. (a) To render incapable of re-
production, germination, or fecundation ; to make sterile.
(6) To destroy spores or germs in (an organic fluid).
Ster'lllIC (BtSrlTng), n. [OB. aerlynge^ tor Eatter-
Hngy popular name of German traders in England, whose
money was of the purest quality.] 1. Any English coin
of standard value : coined money. 2. Standard of value
for money. — a. 1. Pert, to the standard British money
of account or coinage. 2. Genuine; pure.
8ttni (st2m), a. [AS. $tyme.] Having a certain
hardness or severity of nature or asjiect ; severe ; rigid.
Syn.— Gloomy; sullen; strict; cruel; pitiless.
Stem, n. ncel. sljlim a steering.] After end of a
Tessel. ^ a. Being in the stem, or ^ing astern.
Itsn board, a falling astern ; loss of way in making a
tack.— Stem ekass. (a) A chase in which one vessel follows
in the wake of the other. (6) A stem chaser.— Stem chassr,
a cannon placed in a ship's stem, intended to annoy a ship
in pursuit. — 8tsm sheets, that part of an open boat be-
tween the stem and the aftmuet seat of the rowera.
Btsr'kial (stSr'nal), a. Pert, to the sternum.
Stan'foro'lBOSt' (stSm'fSr'mSst'}, adv. With the
■torn in advance ; awkwardly ; blunderingly.
Mtntly (stSra'lj^), adv. In a stem manner.
Storn'DMS, n. Quality or state of being stem.
StSllllim (stSr'u&m), n. [NL., fr. Or. (rrcpMir, the
breast, chest.] Plate of cartUage, or series ot bouy or
cartilaginous plates, in the medum line of the pectoral
skeleton of most vertebrates above fishes ; breastbone.
Stsrna-U'tlOll (-n6-ti'shiin), n. [L. <teni«/alte, fr.
ttemutare to sneexe.] A sneezing.
8ter-B1l^-ttT« (-uutA-tTv), a. Provoking to aneese.
Ster-nnta-tO-ry i-tt-rf), a. StemuUtive. — ». A
sternutatory substance or medicite.
Stem'way' (stSm'wi^, n. Movement of a ship back-
ward, or with her stem foremost.
BttttO-rou (siSrt^-r&s), a. [L. ttertere to snore.]
Characterized by a deep snoring, as in apoplexy ; snwing.
Steth'O-MOM (ftteth'i-fck5p),». [Gr. vrifiot the ^zmU
-{-gcope.] Aninstra-
meut used in auscul- ^^^^•C^"^^ b"^
tation for examining ^ ^^^^^^'Tr^
the organs of the |
chest, as the heart and '
lungs, byconveying to
the ear of the exam- onc form of 8tetho»cope. a Main
iner the sounds pro- Tube to be sppttvd to Chest : 6 6
duoed hi the thorax. Ear Tube*.
Stere (otSv), v. t. To pack or stow (a ship's cargo).
8t«Te-dOIB' {%\W\ e-dSr'), n. [Sp. ettivador, it. ettivar
to pack.] One who loads and unloads vessels.
BttW (stu), r. /. & t. [OE. stuwen, OF. e«ftfrer, fr.
eJtuve a sweating house, room heated for a bath ; prob.
akin to E. ttove.] To boil slowly ; to seethe, —n. 1. A
brothel ; ~ usually Ui pi. 2. A dish prepared by stew-
ing. 3. A stste of excitement ; worry. [CoUog.]
SttW'ard (stu'Srd), n. [AS. sfiweard, lit., a sty ward ;
stigu sty -f- veard guardian.] 1. One employed to man-
age domeatic conoems, supervise other servants, collect
rents, keep accounts, etc. 2. A ship's waiter. 9. A fis-
cal agent of certain bodies. — 8t«Ward-eSB, ». /.—
Stew'ttd-Slllp, n. [anUmoniaLI
Stibl-al (stlba-al), a. like stibium, or antimony;)
II 8tfbl-1im (-fim), n. [L.] Antimony.
Stiell (etTk), n. [Gr. onxoc a row, line.] 1. Avene.
2. A line in the Scriptures. 3. A row of trees.
Stlok (stTk), n. [AS. siicca ; akin to stieian to stab,
prick.] 1. Small shoot of a tree or sbrab ; branch of a
tree ctit for fuel or timber. 2. A rod ; wand ; staff.
3. Anything shaped like a stick. 4. One inert or stu-
pid. [Colloq.] o. A printer's composing ^ck. In which
type are E<>t in lines. 6. A thrust with a pointed Instra-
roeut ; etab. — r. t. {imp. & p. p. Stuck (st&k) (Obc
Sticueo (etlkt) ); p.pr.Si vb. n. Etickiiio.] 1. To pen-
etrate with a pointed instrument ; to stab ; to kill by
Siercing. 2. To push, thrust, or drive, so as to pierce.
. To fasten by tbmstiug in ; to adom with tiih^ fas-
tened on as by piercing. 4. To attach by causing to ad-
here to the surface; to attach in any manner. 6. To
cause to stick ; to puzzle. [Colloa. ] 6. To impose upon ;
to compel to pay ; to cheat [5wii^] — r. i. 1. To ad-
here. 2. To hold fast ; to cling ; to unite closely. 3. To
be prevented from going farther ; to be stoyed. 4. To bt
puzzled; tohesiUte; to scrapie.
Stlcki-IMU, n. AbeingstickT.
Stl0^«(stTk'k'l),r.<. [Prob.
fr. OE. stightlen, st^len^ to dis-
pose, govern, freq. of slihten^ AS.
stifUan.] 1. To contend per-
tinaciously on insufficient
grounds. 2. To pass from one
side to the other ; to trim.
Stloltle-baok' (-bikO, n.
[OE. stickle a prickle, spine
lAB,.stieen-\-bork.] AsmaU
nest-bnildmg fish, whose back
is armed with sharp spines.
A Nine-fpined BtieUtbaek
(Plfprmtrw P*fffit^A M)
B TwcKspincd Stkkkbwk
iGoMteroHem aetdttOmB). (i)
a, 5, 1, 5, II, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, tt, t, short ; senate, «v«»t, tde^, ftbey, finite, cAre, lirm. Ask, nn, fin«L
STICKLER
645
STIR
fltMOir (■tTkOdir), n. One who iticklM, or pertiii»-
dotuly Gontends for tome trifling thing, u a point of
flClqiMtte ; an unreMonable, obstinate contender.
mUkff (,'S), a. Btioking to a surface ; adhesiTe ; gluey ;
Titooiis; tenacioua*
8tf5 (atTf), a. [AS. *l^.'\ 1. Not easily bent ; not
flexible, pliant, limber, or flaccid ; rigid ; flrm. 2. Not
liquid or fluid ; thick and tenacious ; inspissated. 3.
Firm ; strong ; dilBcult to oppoee. 4. Unyielding ; stub-
bom; pertinacious. 6. Not natural and easy; formal;
constrained. — Stlflly, adv. — Stiff OMS, n.
BtUt^tn (stTf'n), v.LAi. To make, or become, stiff
or stiller. [stiDate ; contumacious. I
StUr-IMdna' (-nSktO, a. Btubbom ; iuflexibly ob-|
8tl^« (sUTl), n. [Fr. ttif.} The Joint in a horae'a
hind leg corresponding to the knee in man.
mX'U^ «"• /• [Freq. of 0£. stif stiff ; cf . Icel. sHfl^i to
dam up.] 1. To stop the breath of ; to choke ; to suffo-
oate. 8> To extinguish ; to deadeu ; to quench.
StlffllUI (stTg'iii*), f». ; pi. £. BnoMAS (-m4z), L. Sno.
MATAT-m4>tA). [L., mark, brand, f r. Or. irriyixa, •fiarot,
spot, mark, fr. ari^tty to prick.] 1. Mark made with a
burning iron; brand. S. Mark of infamy ; reproach for
disiionorible conduct. 8. That part of a pistQ which has
po epidermis, and is fitted to raoisive the pollen.
8ai-BUltlO (-mit^k), 1 a. 1. Marked witji a stigma,
Stlf -nuitllHll (-T-kaj), I or with something reproach-
ful to character. 2. Pert, to a stigma or stigmata.
Bllg'llUI'tUo (stTg'mi-tia), v. i. 1. To mark with a
atifuia, or brand. 2. To set a mark of disgrace on.
itfl« (^fl), n. [See Sttia] A pin set on the face of
a diaL to oast a shadow ; a style.
SllMf ». [AS. gtigel a step, ladder, f r. sngan to ascend . ]
1. A step, or set of steps, for passing a fence or wall.
2. One of the upright pieces in a frame ;
primary member of a frame, into which
■econdary members are mortiaed.
8tl4«t^ (stM6ft«), n. [It., dim.
of «/}7o dagger.] 1. A slender dagger.
2. Instrument for making eyelet holes
In embroidery. — r. /. To stab.
Stm (stTl), a. [AS. stille; akin to
E. stall; fr. the idea of coming to a
stand.] 1. Motionless ; at rest ; quiet.
2. Silent. 3. Not disturbed; calm.
4> Not effervescing ; not sparkling.
Stm lift, (a) Inanimate objects, (b)
Btyle of painting which represents in-
animate objects, as flowers, dead game,
«tc. ^
8yn. -Quiet; noiseless; serene; Comin on Door,
inert ; stagnant. gti,^, , /, fff^^^^^ ,
«-n. Calm ; silence, —adv. 1. To this C C Mulliont.
time ; now ; yet. 2. In the future
as now and before. 3. Always; constantly. 4. In an
increasing degree ; even more. 6. Notwithstanding ; nev-
ertheless. — r. ^ 1. To stop (motion or agitation) ; to
qniet. 2. To silence.
Syn. — To calm ; allay ; pacify : subdue ; restrain.
Stm, n. [OS. staiatorie, fr. distill.] 1. Apparatus
for distilling liquors ; retort. 2. Place where liquors are
distilled ; diittillery. — v. /. 1. To cause to fall by drops.
2. To expel spirit from by heat, or to evaporate and con-
dense in a refrigeratory ; to distill.
StmOMrn' (stn'bdmO, a. 1. Dead at the birth.
2. Abortive. [bltusl silence ; taciturnity. I
StUl'ntW, n. 1. The behig still ; inactivity. 2. Ha- 1
StUl'y (wiWf), a. Still ; quiet; calm.
StfllT (stTl'lt), adv. Quietly ; silently; softly.
Stilt (stTlt), n. [Akin to D. sielt.] 1. A pole extend-
ing the length of the leg, to raise the foot above the
groinid in walking. 2. A limicoline bird, having long
and rtmder legs. — r. /. To raise on stilts.
StUfed, a. Elevated as if on stilU ; bombastic.
Sttm'n-Iailt (stlm'tt-Iont), a. [L. aHfnuiant, p. nr.
See SmnjLATS.] 1. Servmg to stimulate. 2. Produ-
cing increased vital action. -*n. 1. Tlwt whioh stimiip
lates or excites. 2. Agent producing temporary increas*
of vital activity ; an alcoholic beverage so uied.
Stfm'U-Ute (-lit), V. /. [L. stimulare, 4alum, to goad
on, Incite, fr. stimulus a goad.] 1. To excite as if with
a goad ; to excite to action. 2. To irritate ; to excite
the activity of (a nerve or irritable muscle), as by elec-
tricity. - Stlm'tt-U'doii, n. — Stlm1i-U-thr« (-ittTv),
a. A n. — Stlm^-U'tOf , n.
Syn. — To animate : incite ; urge ; irritate ; inoense.
Sttni'll-llUl (-lOs), n. [L., for atigmulus^ akin to L.
instigare to stimulate.] 1. A goad; something tliat
rouses the mind or spirits ; incentive. 2. Vital stimulant.
&ttBC (stTng), n. [AS., a sting; slingan to sttng.1
1. A sharp organ of offense and defense, often connected
witli a poison gland, with which certain animals inflict a
wound by piercing. 2. Anything that gives acute pain,
bodily or mental. 3. The thrust of a sting into the
flesh ; wound inflicted by stinging. 4. A goad ; incite-
ment. 6. Pomt of an epigram or sarcastic saying, w
V. t. [imp. & p. p. Stumo (stting) {Arehaie Btamc
(stSug)) ; p. pr. & rb. n. SnMonro.l X. To wound with
a sting. 2. To goad ; to incite. — Stlaff'er, n.
Stln^gl-ly (stTn'jT-l^), adv. In a sthigy manner.
StiB'gi-neM, n. The being sthigy.
Stlag^ (stTug'y), a. Stinging ; able to fthag.
StlnYT (stTu'j^), a. [Prob. fr. sling^ and
orig., stinging; hence, biting, nipping (of the wind),
avaricious.] Bxtremely covetous ; niggardly.
Stink (stTnk), V. i. {imp. Srun (stfipk), Stavk
(stftQk), p. pf. JSl vb. n. Smnmio.] [AS. sttnean.'] To
emit a strong, offensive smell, —v. f. To cause to stink.
«— n. A disgusting odor ; stench.
Stint (stint), V. /. [AS. styntan to blunt, fr. stunt dull,
stupid.] 1. To restrain within certain limiU; to limit \
to restrict to a scant allowance. 2. To assign a certain
task to. — n. 1. Limit ; restraint ; extent. 2. Quantity
or task assigned ; proportion allotted. — -Sttnfer, n.
Stipe (stip), n. [L. stipes.^ (a) The stalk or petiole
of a frond, (b) Stalk of a pistil, (c) Trunk of a tree,
(cf) Stem of a fnngus or musiiroom.
Btl'p61ld (sti'pend), n. [L. stipendium ; stips^ MpiSf
gift -fpendere to weigh.] Settled pa r for services.
Stl-pen'dl-a-ry (-pen'dT-ft-r]^), a. Receiving wages, or
salary, •^n. One who receives a stipend.
II eftl'pM (:?&), n. ; pi. 8TiFiTM"(stTp^-t«8). [L., a
stock.] (a) The second joint of a maxilla of an insect or
crustacean, (b) An eyestalk.
Stlj^ple (stTp'pn), r. /. TD. stippelen to dot, fr. slip-
pelf dim. of slip a dot, spot.] To engrave by means of
dots, disting. f r. engraving In lines. — n. A mode of en-
graving by dots or small points instead of lines.
Stlp'a-Ult« (-tt-Ut), a. Furnished with stipules.
Stlp^-Ute (-lit), V. i. [L. stipidarit 4atus^ to 8tipn«
late, fr. OL. stipulus flrm, fast.] To agree to do or for^
bear anything ; to bargain ; to contract ; to settle terms.
StllKn-lJl'tioil, n. 1. A stipulating ; a contracting i
an agreement. 2. That which is stipulated, definitely
arranged, or contracted ; agreement ; contract.
By n . — Agreement ; engagement. See Cotbn aitt.
Stlp'a-lA'don, n. Situation, arrangement, and struo-
ture of the stipules in a plant.
Stlp'a-la'tor, n. [L.] One who stipulates or covenants.
Stlp^« (-^tl), n. [L.«//pf//a stalk, stem, straw.] An
appenoage at the base of petioles or leaves.
Stir (stSr), r. i. [AS. styrian.} 1. To change the
place of ; to move. 2. To disturb the relative position
of the particles of (a liquid, etc.) by passing somethis j
through it. 3. To bring into debate ; to agitate ; to moot.
4. To incite to action ; to arouse ; to instigate. — r. i.
1. To move ; to change on«*H position. 2. To be active
or bustling; tobnsy one^SNelf.— n. Agitation; tumult.
firm reo«nt, drb, r^de, f^ll, llm, food, ftfbt, out, oil, chair, yOt ■iny, iQk, ttieo, thin.
85
STIRRUP
BUl^mp (itSKriip or atTr-), n. [AS. stigrUp; srtgan
tomouut + ''S0rope.l 1. Akiudofriug, for supporting
a lioraenuui*8 foot. 2. A piece in buUoing, maciiiuery,
«te., used M a anppOTt, clamp, etc.
BtitOh (stTch), %. [A8. stiee a pricking, aHeian to
prick. 1 ]!l A aingle paaa of a needle in tewing or knit-
ting ; loop of the thread tbiu made. 2. A local aharp
pain, like the piercing of a needle, — v. t, 1. To form
ftitchea in. 2. To unite by otitchee. —v. i. To sew.
amhT (stttfa^ or stTth^), n. (IceL tteSi anviL]
1. An anviL S. A smith's shop ; smithy ; forge.
BO^wm (sti'vSr), n. [D. giuiver,} A Dutch coin,
worth 2 cents ; a trifle.
Stoat (stSt), n. [OE. ttot a stoat, horse, bullock ; cf .
Icel. stUtr a bulL] The ermine in ito summer pelage,
when it is' reddiah brown, with a black tip to the talL
BtOOk (stfflc), ». [AS. ttoee a stock, trunk, stick ;
itvece a piece.] 1. The stem, or main body, of a tree or
puuit ; trunk. 8. Stem or branch in which a graft is in-
anrted. 3. A block of wood ; Arm support ; post. 4.
One as dull and lifeless as a stock or post. 6. Principal
■upporthig part; part in which others are inserted.
6. Original progenitor of a family and his direct de-
scendants ;. lineiHe(e ; family; 7. Money or capital em-
ployed in b^isiness; fond; in the United States, the
capital of a bank or other company, in the form of trans-
ferable shMres ; money funded in eovemment securities.
8^ Supply prorided; accumulation; a merchant's or
man^kctursr's store of goods. 9. Domestic beasts
oollectiTely;— called also tire tiock. 10. A stiff, wide
oraTat. 11. pi. A frame, with holes for confining the
feet, or feet and hands, of criminals. 12. pi. Frame on
which a ship rests while building. 13. A cruciferous
flowering i^t. 14. A race or variety in a species.
16. A lk|uid or jelly containing the juices and soluble
parts of mMtt, and certain vegetables, etc., extracted by
cooking ; — used in making soup, gravy, etc.
546 STOOP
stole (stsmc), n. [Or. <nmuc6s, fr. ormU6%, adj., lit..
sen!
r, raUroad car for carrying cattle. — Stock ooas-
n inoorporated company whose capital is repre-
by marketable shares having a certain equal par
▼alue. — tto«k sxehaags. (a) Plaoewhere stocks are bought
and sold ; stock market : transactions in stocks, (ft) An
association dt stockbrokers who trinsact business by cer-
tain recogntted forms, regulations, and usages. — Stock
flumsr, one whose business is to re-u- live stock. — Stock In
traAs, goods jcept for s^ile by a shopkeeper; fittings and
appliances or a workman. — Stock Ust. a list of stocks, or
shares, dealt in; of transactions, and of prices. — Stock
■arket. (a) Place where stocks are bought and sold ;
stock exchange, ib) A market for live stock. — Stock tak-
Ing, inventory of goods or stock in a shop or warehouse.
Syn. — Fund ; capital : store ; supply ; provision.
— ». f. 1. To lay up. 2. To store ; to fill ; to supply,
—•a. Used for constant service ; standard.
StOOk-Odo' (f'tSk-SdO, n. [F. etincade ; It. ttweaia,
Bp. estaeada^ palisade.] Une or inclosnre of stout tim-
bers fonning a fence or barrier. [Written also stoecade.']
— • V. t. To surround, fortify, or protect with a stockade.
StoOkHiro'kor (-br^kSr), n. Froker who deals in
StOOk'dOVO' (-dHvO, n. A European wild pigeon.
StOOkfllh' (-fTshO, n. [Cf. D. 8tokHM'h.'\ 1. Salted
and dried fish ; codfish dried without being salted. 2.
Toong fresh cod.
Stookliold'er (-hSId'Sr), n. One holding stock in
the public funds, or in the funds of a stock company.
StOOk'i-Ilof (-T-nStO, n. An elastic textile fabric imi-
tating knitting, for stockings, under-gsrments, etc.
StOoMng, n. [Pr. stock.'] A cloee-fltting covering
for the foot and leg. pates, in stocks for gain, i
StOOk^OblMr (-jSb'bSr), n. One who jobs, or specu- 1
StOOkiOblllllg, n. Dealing in stocks.
StoOk'nuui (-m&n), n. A herdsman ; ranchman.
StOCk'-Stm^ (-stTIO* a. Still as a stock, or Axed poet.
BtMkfj {'f\ a. Ifr. stock.'] Short and thick.
pert, to a colonnade, fr. vroi oolcmnade, e«»., a ]
Athens where Zeno tanght.] 1. A disciple of the phi-
losopher Zeno ; one of a Greek sect which held that men
should be free from passloa and unmoved bj jtff or
grief. 2. An apathetic person.— SlOflo,StOl04U, a.—
Stolo^-lieso, Stol-oism (-sTs'm), n.
StOko (atSk), V. f. & i. [D. stoken, fr. tick a atlck.]
To tend (the fire of a furnace, boiler, etc).— StOk'or, is.
StOlO (stSl), imp, of Stkal.
StOlO, n. [AS. ; Or. vroki a stole, ffarmant, equip-
ment, fr. <rTtfAActr to set, equip, send, akin to B. «tal£]
1. A loose garment reaching to the feet. 2. Narrow
band of silk, etc., worn by Roman Catholic clergy.
StOl'Oll (stSl^'n), p. p. of Stbxl.
Stolid (stSlId), <r. iJj. slolidus.} Hopelecaly inaao-
sible or stupid ; dull ; impassive ; foolish. — Stolid-
MS, StO-Uil-tT (st«-lld/l.tj^), n.
Stolon (stSaOn), n. [U stolo, 4onU.-] TraiUng
branch which takes root at the end or at jointa.
(stS'm&),n.;p(.Sn»CATA(Bt5m'i-t4). [Vl^
fr. Or. ortf^ui, -fMinK, mouth.] One of the minute aper-
tures between cells in animal or vegetable bodtoa.
Ston'OOh (stOrn'ok), n. [Or. vT6tiax9t stonuu^
throat, fr. vrifia a mouth, any outiet or enteanoe.j
1. Principal organ of digestion. See DmnriTB Af-
PAEATUs. 2. Desire for food; appetite. 3. Inclina-
tion.—v./. 1. To resent. 2. To brook. ICoHoq."]
Stom'AOh-or (-4-cb8r or -ok-Sr), n. An onuunental
covering for the breast.
StO-mAChlO (stt-mKkTk), a. 1. Pert, to the stomach.
2. Strengthening to the stomach; cordial.— ». Medi-
cine to strengthen the stomach. — StO'BUI^hllHd. a.
Stono (8t5n), n. [AS. stSm.'] 1. Concreted mineral
matter. 2. A gem. 3. A monument; gravestone. 4.
A calculous concretion, esp. in the kidneys or bladder ;
disease arising from a calculus. 6. A testicle. 6. Hard
endocarp of drupes. 7. In Eiwland, a weight legally of
14 pounds, but varjring with different article.
Phllosophsr's stoas, a sabstance formerly supposed to
turn any other substance into g(dd. — Btens eeaL hard
coal ; mineral coal ; anthracite ooal. — Moasfkilt, any fruit
with a stony endocarp; a drupe, as a peach, irfum, or
cherry. — Stone's cast, or Btoas's taroiw, distance to which
a stone may be thrown by the hand. — To leave ao stsai
QBtansd, tc do all that can be done to effect an object.
— p. t. 1. To pelt or UU with stones. 2. To free from
stones ; to remove the seeds <^ 3. To wall, face, or line
with stones. [completely Uind.l
Stono'-bUad' (st9na>nnda a. As blind as a atone ;|
Stono'-Btlll' (-stTlO, a. As still as a stone.
Stono^iraro' (-wtr'), ». Coarse potter*s ware, glased
and baked. [stone ; mason's work of stone. I
Stono'WOril' (-wdrkO. n. Work or wall consisting of |
SUm^ (BtSn'y), a, [AS. stanig.] 1. Pert, to, eoo-
sistiug of, or abounding in, stones ; like stone ; hard.
2. Converting into stone: petrifying. 3. Inflexibk ;
cruel ; obdurate; cold. — Stobl-l
Stood (8td6d), imp. & p. p. of Stahd.
StOOk (std6k), n. [Cf.LO.«^Mii:e heap, bundle.] Small
collection of sheaves set up in the field ; shock. — v. f.
To set up (sheaves of grain) in stocks.
Sto01(8t5&l),n. [Ustolo. SeeSrounr.] Plant from
which layers are propagated by bending its branches bito
the soli. — V. i. To ramify ; to shoot out suckers.
Stool, n. [AS. stdl.] 1. A shigle seat without a
bark. 2. A discharge from the bowels.
Stool nt^ooB, a pigeon used as a decoy to draw others
within a net ; person used as a decoy for others.
Stoop (stodp), n. [D. sioep.] Porch with seats, at a
house door ; entrance ; stairway ; small veranda. [ C. 8.]
Stoop, n. [loel. staup.] A ressel of liquor ; flagon.
[Written also stoup.]
Stoop, V. i. [AS. stupi/m.'] 1. To bend or lean for^
ward. 2. To yield; to take a position of subjection. 3.
a, «, 1. 5, «, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, tt, t. short ; s«»dte, «v«nt, Idea, ftbey, luate, oAra. arm, Aik, iM*. «n«J.
STOP
547
STRAIN
To coodneend. 4. To come down as a hawk does on
iUprey; to pounce; to swoop. 6. To alight.
Syn* — To lean ; yield ; condescend ; descend ; cower.
— n. 1. A stooping, or bendiuff forward ; habitual bend
of tiie back and shoulders. 2. Descent; condescension;
position of humiliation. 3. Fall of a bird on its prey.
Stop (■t^)f V, L [AS. Mtoppian ; prob. f r. LL. stoparet
atupare, fr. L. stuppa tow, oakum.] 1. To close (an
aperture) by Ailing; to stanch (a wound). 2. To ob-
steuct ; to render impassable. 3. To hinder ; to shut in.
4^ To restrain ; to interrupt ; to suspend.
Syn.— To obstruct; hmder; impade; repress; sup-
press: restrain ; discontinue ; delay ; interrupt.
— V. i. 1. To cease to «> on ; to halt. 2. To stay ; to
tarnr. [Co//09.]-»n. 1. A stopping, or being stopped.
2. Obstacle; obstruction. 3. Device for limiting mo-
tion fai a machine. 4. Contrirance for regulating sounds
of a musical iustmment. 6. Mxrk of punctuation.
Syn. — Cessation; check: obstacle; interruption.
m0i]/CO6kf (-kSkOt ». A pipe, cock, or valve regu-
lating^ow of water, gas, etc., -,^_ ^— ..i-.^^
through or from a pipe, etc. rjiBiiwiii|j|||^
Slop'-gap' (-g«p'),n. That w€
which fills up an opening or
gap ; a temporary expedfont.
6t(m>ig«(-pfj;2),n. A
stopping, or arresting prog-
ress, motion, or action;
being stopped.
S^p'per, n. One that
stops, closes, shnts, or ob-
structs; that which closes a
vent in a vesseL — v. t. To ^^^ >„^. ^, q,„-.««w
close with a stopper. ^° '""^ **' Stopcock.
Stop'^ (-pU), n. [0. <«/>/«/.] A stopper.— tf. /.
To close the mouth of anything with a stopple.
Stor'am (stSr^J ; 2), n. l. A depositing in a store
for safe keeping. 2. Space for safe keeping of goods.
3. Price charged for keeping goods in a store.
Btorags tettwy, an accuraula^r ; secondary battery for
accumulating and storing electrical charges.
StOYAX (stS'riks), n. [L. ; Or. on/po^.] Fragrant
resin used in perfumei^, and as an expectorant.
Store (st9r), n. [Of. e^or supplies, f r. etiorer to store.
See Stoeb, v. /.] 1. That which is accumulated ; source
from wliich supplies may be drawn ; abundance ; great
quantity ; great number. 2. Place of deposit for goods ;
storehouse ; warehouse ; magazine. 3. Plnce where goods
are sold ; shop. [U. 8. &. British Cdoniet'] 4. pi. Sup-
plies, as of provisions, arms, ammunition, etc.
8yn«~ Store ; Shop ; supply ; plenty ; accumulation ;
provision. — The English <»u the place where goods are
sold (however larg^) a «Aop, and confine the word store to
its original meuimg: viz.. a warehouse, or place where
goods are stored. In America store is applied to all places,
except the sm-Ulest, where goods are sold.
— p. /. [OF. estorer to construct, restore, store, LL.
liaHrare^ for L. instaurare to renew, restore ; in -f stau-
rare (in comp.V) 1. To collect as a reserved supply ; to
lay away. 2. To furnish ; to supply. 3. To deposit in
a store or warehouse, for preservation.
Store'hoiue' (atSr^iouy), n. Building for keeping
goods, esp. provisions ; repository ; warehouse.
Ston'room' (-rSSm'), n. Room for storing things.
BWwMi (stS'rTI), a. 1. Told in a story. 2. Having
a history. 3. Having (such or so many) stories.
Stork (itdrk), n. [AS. store ; perh. akin to Or. ropyoc
vnltore.] A large wading bird of the heron Iciud.
Stonn (stdrm), n. [AS. 3t D.l 1. Violent disturbance
of the atmosphere, with wind, nun, snow, hail, or thunder
and lightning ; heavv fall of rain, snow, etc. 2. Civil,
political, or domestic commotion ; outbreak ; tumult.
3. Assault on a fortified place. — • r. t. To assault ; to
attack, and attempt to take, by scaling walls, forcing
gates, breaches, etc. — v. <. 1. To raise a tempest. 2.
To blow, rain, hail, snow, etc ; — used impenonally. 3.
To rage ; to be in a violent paadon.
Stomi'y (stdrm^), a. 1. Characterised by, or proceed-
ing from, a storm ; subject to storms ; boisterous ; tem-
pestuous. 2. Violent ; passionate. — Stonnl-lieas, n.
II StOltblng (stOr'tTng), n. [Norw. storting; stor
great 4* ting court.] Parliament of Norway.
StO^ (BtS^rj^), n. [OF. estorS buUt, erected, p. p. of
estorer to build, restore, st<ne. ] Set of rooms on the same
floor or level ; floor ; horizontal division of a building.
SlO^, ». [OF. estoirtt F. histoire^ fr. lu' historia,
history.j 1. A narration or description <4 past events ;
history ; record. 2. Narrative ; tale ; short r<mu
a Euphemism for ** a lie ; *' fib. [Coltoa.']—v. I.
narrate or describe In story. — StO'ry-toU'or, n.
To
Stoop (st0&p), n. 1. A stoop, vessel, or measure for
liquids. 2. Biudn for holy water in a
Roman Catholic church.
Stout (stout), a. [D., bold.] 1.
Strong; robust; resolute. 2. Firm;
tough; enduring. 3. Large; bulky.
— n. Strong malt liquor ; porter. —
Stoatay, ck/r.— stont^OM, n.
8yn. — Stout ; Cobpulist; Vortlt.
— CorpuletU refers to excess of flesh.
Portlv implies corpulence which gives a
digrnified appearance. 5/ou/, in our early
writers, was used in the sense of strong
or bold ; later, for thickset or bulky, Stonp, i.
Stove (st9v^, imp. of Stavb.
StOTO, n. [D. «/cM>/.] 1. A hothouse ; drying room.
2. Rece|:^acle for flre^ for warming, cooking, etc.
Stow (stS), r. /. [AS., place.] 1. To place or arrange
compactly ; to pack. 2. To hide ; to lodge. 3. To flU,
by packing closely. — StOWafO (-tj ; 2), n.
StOW'ft-way' C-^wi^), n. One who hides on a vessel,
railroad train, etc., in order to obtain free passage.
Stia-bls'miUI (strA-bTs'miis or -bTymOs), n. [Otr.
vrpafiuTft^i, tT. oTpafii^tttf to squint. 1 Defect of the
eyes in which the optic axes can not be directed to the
same object.
Stnd'dlo (stribi'dn), V. i, [Freq. fr. root of stride.}
To stand or walk with the legs far apart. — r . I. To stand
or sit astride of. —». 1. A standing, sitting, or walking,
with the feet far apart. 2. A stooc option securing to
the buyer the right to make either a ** put ** or a ** call *'
within a certain time. IBrokers* Cant]
Stng'f lo (strSg^gU), r. i. [Freq. of OE. stroke^ to
roam.] I. To wander from the direct way; to strav.
2. To spread widely apart ; to shoot too far in gro#th.
3. To occur at Intervals. — Stmc'fflor, n.
Stxalght (strat), €L [AS. ^rehty p. p. of strecean to
■ ~ ■ Udd s
stretch.] 1. Right, in a mathematical sense ; direct ;
not crooked. 2. Conforming to justice and rectitude ;
upright.— ^(fr. Directly; rightly; forthwith.
Straisht'en (-*n), r. /. l. To make straight. 2. To
correct ; to reduce to order. — StndgM'Oll-or, n.
StralghMor^ard (-fdr'wSrd), a. Proceeding In a
straight course or manner ; not devi^hig ; honest ; frtnk. •
— ndr. In a straightforward manner.
Strai^htlT, ndr. In a right line ; not crookedly.
Straifhtly, ndr. Straitly ; narrowly ; strictly.
Stralillf BOM, n. A behig straight
Stralillf-Olir (-out'), a. Acting wtthent oonceRlment
or compromise ; thoroughgoing. [CoUoq. V. S.'\
Stralfllt'way' (-wSO, adv. Immediately ; at once.
Strain (strin), n. [AS. gestrOnan to beget.] 1. Race ;
stock ; descent ; family. 2. Hereditary character.
Strain, »'. t. [OF. estraindre^ L. sMngere to draw or
bind tight.] 1. To draw forcibly; to stretch. 2. To
exert to the utmost. 3. To injure by stretching or ex-
ertion of force ; to sprain. 4 To squeeze. 6. To make
uneasy or unnatural ; to force ; to constrain. 6. To
press through a strainer; to filter. — v. i. 1. To make
l3VBi Momt, Arb, ryde, fyU, funh (tfM, fcfbti out, oUi ohalr, go, tUi^ Ink, then, UiIb.
STRAINER
648
STRETCH
flolant •flMtt. S. To p«rooUit6; to b« Altered. «n.
1. ▲ •tnining, or being etrained ; tioleiit effort ; exce»>
dre and hurtful exertion ; sprain. 2. Complete musical
period or eenteuoe ; a morement. 3. A aoug ; diaUnct
portion of a poem ; burden, of a aong, poem, oration,
Dook, etc. ; theme ; style ; course of conduct.
8traln'«r(strSu^r),n. 1.0ue who strains. 8. A filter.
Strilt (strSt)« a. [OF. estreit, fr. L. strictus close,
tight, p. b. of slHngere to draw tight] 1. Narrow : not
broad. 2. Tight ; close. 3. Strict ; acrupulous ; rigor-
ous. 4. Diflloult ; distrearful : straitened, ^n. 1. A
narrow pass or passage. 2. A paasagewav connecting
two large bodies of water. 3. Condition of narrowness
or restriction ; distress ; porerty ; perplexity.
Stntfeil (strSf *n), V. t. 1. To make strait ; to con-
fhie. 2. To tighten. 3. To restrict; to embarrass.
Btrail'-Uoed' (-UUf ), a. L Bound with stays. 2.
Riffid in opinion ; strict In manners or morals.
Btriifly, <tdv. Narrowly ; strictly ; rigorously.
itndt'lMM, n. A being strait ; pinched condition.
Stnkt (strSk), n. 1. An iron band securing the fel-
lies of a wheel 2. One range of planks or plates from
stem to stem of the aide or bottom of a ship ; a strmik.
8tni-llli]|'«-0ni (str^mTu't-Qs), a. [L. stratnineiu^
fr. stramen straw.] L Strawy ; consisting of straw.
2. Chaffy; like straw: straw^jolored.
Stn-mo'lil-iiiii (stri-mS'nT-fim), [NL.], Stram'o-iiy
(strlm'<^-n]^)f n. Narcotic plant, useii in medicine.
StnUld (strSnd), n. [D. streen skein.] One of the
twisto of fibers, wires, ete., composing a rope. «> v. t. To
break a strand of (a rope).
Strand, n. [AS.] The shore ; beach of a sea, ocean,
lake, eto. -^v.l.AL To run aground.
SUanfe (strSuJ), a. [OF. estrange^ fr. L. fxiraneu*
external, foreign, fr. extra on the outside.] 1. Belong-
ing to another country ; foreign. 2. Pert, to others ; not
one^s own ; not domestic 3^ Not before known, heard,
or seen ; new. 4. Novel ; odd ; unusual ; extraordbiary.
6. Reserved ; distant hi deportment 6. Not familiar ;
Inexperienced. — Strangely, adv. — Strance^esa, n.
Stran'gar (atrSn'jSr), n. [OV.ettrangier^ One who
Is strahge, foreign, or unknOMm ; a foreifrner ; ^ie«t.
Stran'ale («tr«a'gn), v. t. [L. strangulare. Or.
^ayyoA^y, fr. crrpayydAi} a halter; perh. akin to E.
if ring. ] 1. To choke to death bycompressing the throat.
2. To stifle or suffocate. 3. To hinder from appear-
ance; to suppress.— v. i. To be suffocated. — Stran'-
gler (-fflSr)* *** [horses and swine. I
Stran'glea (-gHs), n. A swelling in the throat of|
Stran'ffn-la'tefl (-gft-lS^t«d), a. l. Having the circu-
lation stopped by constriotion or compression. 2. Con-
tracted, as if tied with a ligature ; constricted.
Stran'ffn-laHon, n. 1. A strangling, or being stran-
gled. 2. Inordinate constriction of a tube or part.
~' n'gn-ry ( strSn'gtt-rJ^ ), «. [Or. oTpayyovpca;
, arpaYy6^^ a drop -|~ ovpcti' to make water, otl^poy
_rine.] 1. Painful discharge of urine, drop by drop.
2. Swelling in a plant, occasioned by a ligature fastened
about it — Stran-fn'd-OQa (-RS'rl-SK), a.
Strap (strSp), n. [AS. stropp.'\ 1. A long, narrow
strip of leather, cloth, ete., e«p. one u«ed In flogging. 2.
A strop for sharpening a razor. » v. t. 1. To fasten
with a strap. 2. To sliarpen on a strap, or strop.
Strap'pmf t "• ^*11 : strong ; lunty. [_Colloq.'\
Strala (strS'ti), n., pi. of Stuatum.
Strat'a-gam (strSfi-jSro), n. [Or. <rrpaTr^yr^^lPL, fr.
orparvfflv to lead an army, fr. ffTpanryck general ;
OToaref army -|- Syw to lead.] A trick in war for de-
ceiving the enemy : artifice ; de(v>ptive device ; plot.
Stra-te'tlo ("^tS'JTk or -tSiTk). \a. Pert, to
Stra-ta'SlO-al (-tS'jf-kal or-t«j'T-kol), I strategy ; ef-
fected by artifice.
itrats^ potat, any point in the theater of warlike oper-
ations whicn affords its possessor an advantage.
Strat'e-glst (strlt^jTst), n.
8trat'e-iy (-jy). ». (Or. <
OBM. J 1. Science of military oomuumd ; nneralahlpb
2._U»e of stratagem or artifice.
One akfltod In itratafj.
crpanrfU, ttae 8max4-
Stratl-lBrmTstrSt'T-fOrm), a. Formed la atrata.
Stratify (-n), «. /. To form or deposit in strata, or
uyera. -StraVl-fl-oatton, ti.
\ Stramm (strrtOm), n. ; pi. E. Snunraa (.tllmx), L.
I Strata (-ti). [L., &. tfemere^ stratum^ to apt^d.]
1. Bed of earth or rock. 2. A course.
I Stratu(-t&s).n. [L., fr. slemefv.] A form of cloud
I arranged in a horiaontal layer.
Straw (strft), n. [AS. streAw, fr. root of B. ttrew,'\
I 1. Stalk or stem of grain, esp. of wheat, rye, oata, barley,
I ete. 2. Anything proverbially worthless ; mere trifle.
Straw eOer, color of dry straw, a delicate yellow.
8trawa>tr-ry (-b«r-ry), n. [AS. stnAwberige ; streAw
-f 6ert0 berry.] Fragrant edible berry of a plant of
many varieties ; the plant itaelf .
SMw^, a. Pert to, made of, or like, straw.
Stray (stri), v. t [OF. e*traier to stray, aa adj., stray,
fr. LL. stratariui roving the streets, f r. L. strata (so. Ha)
paved road.] 1. To deviate. 2. To rove at large ; to go
astray ; to err. ~ a. Gone aatny ; wandering. — n. A
domeatic animal wandering at large, or lost ; an estray.
Sjn. — To deviate ; err : awerve ; rove ; roam ; waaoer.
Streak (strOc), n. [Akin to D. ttreet: Ihie, stroke, B.
itriket *tivke.} 1. A Uue or long mark ; stripe ; vein.
2. A strake of a ship. *v. t. To form atreaks in or oo.
StraaM (strSkt or strSk'Sd), a. 1. Marked with
stripes. 2. uncomfortable; out of sorts. {Locals U. 5.]
Straak'y (strSk'j^), a. Having streaka ; striped.
Stream (strSm), n. [AS. stream ; akin to Or. pvotc a
flowing, pcly to flow.] 1. A current of water or other
fluid. 2. Beam of light. 3. Anything movins with coo*
tinned succession ; drift ; tendency. «-«.<. X. To issue
or flow in a stream. 2. Toemitstreama. 3. TO radiate.
4. To extend ; to float in the wind. — r. t To pour.
Syn. - Stbbam ; Cuaasirr : flow : rush ; tide ; course.
- Slrfrtm is the broader word, denothig a prevailing on-
ward course which may include reflex currents running
for a while in a contrary direction.
Streani'er, n. l. An ensign, flag, or pennant 2.
Column of liglit shooting upward from the horlson.
Streamlet, n. a small stream ; rividet ; rill.
Stream'y (-y ), a. l. Abounding with streams, or With
running water. 2. Like a stream ; issuing in a stream.
Street (strSt), n. [as. strft^ fr. L. strata («c. W<r)
paved way. See Btbatitii.1 Orig., a paved road ; pub-
lie highway ; thoroughfare in a city bordered by houses.
8yn. — Bee Wat.
StTMIftll (strength), n. [AS. strengSu, fr. stranf
strong.] 1. The being strong ; ability to do or to bear ;
force. 2. Power to resist force ; solidity or toughness.
3. Power of resisting attacks; imprM[naUlity. 4. Se>
curity ; validity ; legu or moral force ; logical conclusive-
nrss. B. Support ; security. 6. Power of ananny, navy,
etc. 7. Intensity ; — said of light or color. S. Spirit ;
excellence ; — said of liquors, solutions, etc.
Sy^ . — Toughness : hardnew : flrmneM ; aappMt ; Bptr>
it '.validity ; authority. See Foacc
Strength'en (-'n), r. /. 1. To make strong or stronger.
2. To animate; to encourage.— v. ^ To grow strong or
stronger. — Strengtli'en-er, n.
Syn. - To invigorate ; confirm ; establish ; fortify.
Stren'v-oaa (strCn'd-Qs), a. [L. strenuns."] Eagerlr
pressing or urgent ; sealous ; ardent ; intrepid. — Btien
n-ona-ly, ar/t'. — Stren'^-ena-ntaa, n.
Streaa (strfis), n, [Abbr. fr. distress.^ 1. Pressure :
strain ; urgency ; importance ; aignlflcance. 2. Force or
utterance expended upon words or ^llables.
Stretoh (strSch), v. t. & i. [AS. streecan ; perh. akin
to E. strong. '\ 1. To reach out ; to extend. 2. To sprt»ad ;
to expand. 3. To tighten ; to strain. 4. To exaggerate ;
to extend too far.— n. 1. A stretehlng, or being stretebed ;
S, 8, t, S, H, long ; A, fi, 1, 5, H, tt abort ; oouftte, tvent, tdea, 6bey, ftnito, cAre, llrm, Aak, nil, flnoL
STR£TCH£B
549
STRONG
■Iraia. 1. ▲ continaoiu line, turface, or spMe of time.
8. Bxtent to which anything may be •tretclted.
fliMlak'tr (olrfch'ir), n. 1. One that atretchaa. 2.
Brick or Umm laid with it« longer diineoaiou In the line o(
diroetioo of the wall. S. Timber uied in building. 4. Crota-
plece in a boat. 6. Litter for carrying the wounded or dead.
StrtW (stru or strS), v. t. [imp. & p. p. Btuwbo
(ttnil or atrSd) ; p. p. Streww (strun or strOu) ; o. pr.
& vb. n. Btbiwivo.] [AS. sireician, tired witm ; akin to
L. aUrntrty «#ra<uii».] 1. To aoatter. 2. To cover by
Mattering •ometiiing over. 3. To spread abroad ; to di»-
••mlnate. [or cliannel ; threadlike line, aa of color. I
itrl^a(stri'4),n.;s/. 8mji(-S). [L.] SmaU groove,!
itil'AtS, Stri'a-ted, a. Marked with •trin.
l(«trTk"u),p.i>.Aa. fr.8TR««. 1. Struck;
amitten ; woonded. 2. Worn out ; far gone ; advanced.
Strlolde (-k'l), n. 1. Instrument to level off grain
to the measure. 2. Rifle for whett'^ng. 3. A templet.
fltxlBt (strTkt), a. [L. stHngere, strieium, to bind tight,
to strain.] 1. Strained ; drawn close ; tight. 2. Exact ;
pracise. 3. Ssvere; rigorous. 4. Rigidly interpreted.
— Strlotn^, adr. — Striof nMl, n.
8yn. — BTEicT ; SiTima ; exact ; accurate ; nice ; cloae :
rigorous. — <9/ric/, applied to a person, denotes tliat he
ooQfonns to a co4e by whi^h he is bound ; srvere U strict
with an implication often, but not always, of harshness.
Strict is opposed to lax ; severe to gentle.
Strto'tlirt (strlk'ttkr ; 4()), m. [L. ttrictura a contrac*
'r. stringere.} 1. Adverse criticism ; cei '^
1 contraction of any passage of the bodv,
tioo. fr. stringere.} 1. Adverse criticism ; censure. 2.
If )rbid contraction of any passage of the body.
StrlAi (atrid), r. i. [imp. Stroob (strSi) (Otu. Stud
(itrlJ)); p. p. Studoim (strTd'd'u) {Ob*. Strid); p. pr.
A rb. n. Sraioiiio.] [AS. strtdan.} 1. To walk with
1 >ng steps, or pompously. 2. To stand with the legs wide
ap irt ; to straddle. ^^ r. /. L To pass over at a step.
2. To bestride, -^ri, A striding ; long step.
Btri'dant (stri'dent), a. [L. strideM, -dentit^ p. pr. of
arldere to make agr.itinsr noise.] Harsh ; grating ; Mirill.
Strid'U-latt (strTd't-lSt), r. i. To make a sliriU
musical sound, as do katydids.
Stiia^lOtti (strTd'ft-lfis), a. [U stridulu*.} Making
a shrill, creaking sound.
Strife (•trif),n. [Or.es/ri/. SeeSTRnrs.] 1. A striv-
ing for superiority ; emuUtion. 2. Piglit ; Iwttle.
Syn. — Contest ; struggle ; quarrel. See Comtbhtiow.
Btri-gOM' (strT-ffSs' or stri'gQy), <i. [Deriv. of L.
stringere to scrape.] Set with stiff, straight bristles.
Birfkt (strik), r. /. [imp. Struck (strfik); p. p.
Braves, Stricksk (rtrtk^'u) ; p. pr. A vb. n. Strikino.]
[AS. strlcan to go.1 1. To hit ; to smite. 2. To coUide
with. 3. To impel, aa with a blow ; to dash ; to cast.
4. To atamp or Impreas with a stroke ; to cohi. ft. To
thrust in ; to penetrate. 6. To punish ; to afflict. 7. To
•onnd by beats ; to indicate bv audible strokes. 8. To
lower ; to let or take down (saU, a Mag, a yard, topmast,
tent, etc.). 9. To affect sensibly witti some strong emo-
tion, or in some particular maimer. 10. To cause to ig-
nite. 11. To make and ratify (a bargain, etc.). 12. To
lavel (a meaaore of grain, salt, etc.) by scraping off what
la above the level of the too. -^ v. i. 1. To move ; to pro-
ceed ; to take a oour^. 2. To deliver a quick blow or
throat. 3. To hit ; to clash. 4. To sound by percussion.
B. To aim a blow. 6. To tou'rh. 7. To run upon a rock
or bank ; to be stranded. B. To dart ; to penetrate.
B. To lower a flig, in token of respect, or in surrenier.
10. To quit work In order to exact something from an
employer. — n. 1. A striking. 2. A quitting work,
esp. to exact terms from an employer. 3. Extortion of
money : bl tckmaillng. — Btrik'er. n.
SMklBf, a. Forcible; impressive.
Striai (etrTnii), n. [AS. ttreng.'} 1. A small cord,
line, twin), strip of leather, etc., for binding or tying
things. 2. Lino or series of thingA arranged on a thread;
3. Cord of a piano, hirp, violin, etc., or of a bow.
«. A flMr, as or a plant, e. Merve or tanaoB QC
mal body. — r. t. limp. Strumo (strling) ; p. p.
(JR. Stroiobd (strlngd)); p. pr. A vb, n, Stri
1. To furnish with striuga. 2. To tune the strini
4. A fiber, as of a plant. 6. Nerve or tandoB td lo Rnl>
. Struii*
Struaui*.]
stringacl (a
instrument). 3. To pat on a strins; to file.
4. To m ike tense ; to strengtuen. B. To aeprive of
strings ; to strip strings from (beana, etc.).
BtrinfBd (strlngd), a. 1. Having strings. 2. Pro-
duced by strings.
Btrin'BWBt (strTn'jrat), a. [L. stringens, -gentis^ p. pr.
of stringere to draw tight. See Steaim.] Binding strong*
ly : riffid ; severe. — 8tria'B«Bt-lMM, 8MB'gtll-«y, n.
mUkXfn (stringer), u. 1. One who strings; one
who makea or provides strings. 2. Long horisontal ttm*
ber to oouuect uprights, support a floor, etc.
Strtnjr'halt' (-hftltO, n. A twitoUog of a borto'a bind,
or leg7[Writteu alao springhalt.]
String^ (-j^), a. 1. Couaiiting of strings, or smaU
threads ; fibrous. 2. Capable of being drawn into a ■tring ;
ropy ; viscid ; gluey. — Stringl-new, t».
iftrip (strip), r. t. [AS. strfpan.} 1. To deprive ; to
bereave ; to plunder ; to deprive of covering ; to skin ;
to peel. 2. To diveet of dotbing ; to uncover. B< To
deprive (a oow, etc.) of all milk ; to milk dry. 4. To
pull or tear off ; to wrest awav (the akin from a beaat,
bark from a tree, eto.).— «. t. To take off dothea or
covering ; to undress. — n. A long, narrow piece.
StllpB (strip), n. [OD. strijpe.] 1. Line, or lone,
narrow division of anything. 2. Stroke with a whip, rod,
etc. , usually leaving a mark. 3. Diaooloratioo of the skin
from a blow of a lash. -^v. I. To make stripes upon.
8tripaillB(*trTpaTng),». [Dim, ot strip.} Youth; bul.
Strtp^piBBt "• 1- Act of one who strips. 2- pi. Last
milk drawn from a cow at a milking.
StriTe (striv), V. i, [imp. Stroyb (str9v) ; p. p,
Stritrh (strTv'^n) {Rarely, Strovb) i p. pr. A vb. n.
Striviko.J [OF. estriver; of Teutonic orisin. Cf.
Strifr.] 1. To make eflorto; to labor haro. 2. To
contest. 3. To vie ; to compete. ~ BM7*n% n.
BtroVile (strS^Ti or strSa>n),
cone.] [Written also strobil.]
1. A multiple fruit in the form
of a cone or head, as that of the
hop or pine ; a cone. 2. An
individual asexually producing
sexual individuals differing
from itself also In other re-
•pects, as the tapeworm.
StIOk* (strSic), n. 1. A
striking; a blow; hit; knock.
2. The striking of the clock to
tell the hour. 3. A caressing df'?.-
touch; a stroking. 4 Dash in m'f.K'J
writing or printing ; touch of w^ VA
a pen or pencil. 6. A sodden
attack of disease; severe dis-
aster ; calamity. 8. One of a '
n. [L. strobilus a pino
series of movements against a
resisting medium, to effect
jwrtly in isctlon.
^ One at iiwm.
movement throush it, as, the stroke of a bird's wing in
flving, of an oar In rowing, etc. {a) Rate of successioo
or stroke, {b) Oar nearest the stem of a boat, guiding
the other oars ; — called also stroke oar. (c) The rower
who pulls the stroke oar. 7. A powerful effort to ac-
complish sometliing ; thing done by such effort. 8. En-
tire movement of the piston of a steam engine or pump. —
r. /. 1. To rub gently with the hand ; to caress ; to soothe.
2. To row the stroke oar of (a boat).
BtrokOB'llltll (str5kK'm<rn), n. Stroke, G (e).
BtroU (strSl), r. t. [Cf. Dan. sfrj/ge.} To wander on
foot. — n. A ramble. — Btroll'M:, n.
8yn. — To rove ; roam ; range ; stray.
Strong ( strfinff ), fi. [Compnr. Strohob (strSQ'gSr) ;
superl. Stronorst (-g««t).] [AS. strong, strong.] L
fBm, recent, Orb, ryde, f^, Oru, fcTod, f<rot, out, oil, ehalr, ^o, aiJiBi ^O^ then, Uiia.
STRONGHOLD
650
STUMP
HftTing greftt physical power ; Tigoroos. 2. Able to en-
dure ; Ann ; sound ; robust. 3. Solid ; tough ; not easily
broken or injured, subdued or taken. 4. Hariug great
military or naval force, or great wealth or reaoiiroes.
6. Moving with rapidity or force ; violent ; impetuous.
6* Adapted to make a deep impression ou the mind ;
forcible ; valid. 7. Ardent ; eager. 8* Containing a large
INrqportion of alcohol ; intoxicating. — StmiCly , odv.
Syn. — Vigorous ; stoat ; solid ; hardy. Bee Robost.
Stronc'lMlA' (strSng^iSldO, n. A fastness; fort or
fortress; place of security.
Strop Utr8p)f n. A stn^ for sharpening a rasor, etc.
^•p.t. To sharpen (a rasor, etc.) ou a strop.
BtnKplM (strS'lt), n. [Or. orpo^if, fr. crpi^iM to
twv^^tum.] First of two corresponding lyrio stainaa.
Wtnwm (strQv), imp. of Btbivs.
ItlOW (str«). V. i. "
\imp. Stbowbo (strOd) ; p. p.
gAowH (strSa) or Stbowbo. J To strew.
Slmok (strok), imp. & p. p. of Stbikb.
StmoHm (striik'ttr; 40), it. [L. Mtrudura, fr.
ttruertj structumj to build.] 1. Manner of building;
form ; coustructioo. 2. Arrangement of parts, ormus,
or constituent particles, in a substance or body. 3. A
buUding : ediAoe. — Btnollir^a, a.
BtniC^gto (strii(Kg'l), V. i. [Cf. IceL strjitka to flog,
beat, stroke.] 1. To strive with contortions of the body.
2. To use great efforts; to contend forcibly. 3. To
labor in pain or anguish, or in difBculty or distress.
Syn. — To strive ; contend ; labor ; endeavor.
— n. 1. Violent effort with contortions of the body;
agony ; distress. 2. Oreat labor to obtain an obiect, or
avert an evIL 3. Contention ; strife. — Stnig^i^er , n .
nBtmlBA (strn'mi), n. [L.] 1. Scrofula. 2. A
cnahionlike swelling on a plant. — Stm-lliaflo, Stni-
' — - \j^ prostitute ; harlot, i
t (strliro'pSt), ft. lOlL ttrumpeit *trompet.]\
f (strfing), imp. & p. p. of Stbiwo.
Stmt (•trfit), r. t. [Akin to O. strotzen to be puffed
up.] To walk with a lofty, proud gait, or with affected
dignity. — n. 1. A strutting ; pompons step or walk.
3. Any piece of a frame in building which resists thrust
or pressure in the direction of its own length ; a brace.
Stnrcdi'lll-A (strTk'nT-A), StTFOll'llllM (-nTn or -nSn),
n. [Lb stryehnos nightshade.] A poisonous alkaloid,
obtained from various plants, and employed in medicine
as a powerful neurotic stimulant.
Stub (stfib), n. [AS.] 1. Stump of a tree ; part of
a plant remaining fixed in the earth when the ste|n is cut
down. 3* Short blunt remnant of anything. 3. Part
of a leaf left In a check book, after a check is torn out,
on which are recorded the particulars of the check. 4.
A pen v^th a short, blunt nib. 6. A stub nail ; stub iron.
8ti|b Iron, iron made from stub nails, or old horseshoe
nails, — used in making gun barrels. — Btab nail, an old
horseshoe nail ; nail broken off ; short, thick nail. — Stab
twist, material for a gun barrel, made of a spirally
welded ribbon of steel and stub iron combined.
«> r. /. 1. To grub up by the roots ; to extirpate. 3.
To remove stubs from (bmd). 3. To strike (the toes)
against a stub, stone, etc. lU. S.]
BtaWh^a (-bSd), a. 1. Reduced to a stub; short
and thick; blunt. 3. Abounding in stubs; stubby.
3. Not nice or delicate ; nigged. — StVll'lMd-naw, n.
StnbOll-liaM (-bl-nSii), n. A being stubby.
StvVble (stnba>n), n. [L. sUpula.] Stumps of
wheat^ rye, oats, etc., left in the ground.
StuVDOm (-bJrn), a. [Prob. fr. AS. styb a stub.]
Firm as a stub or stump; unreasonably obstinate in
will or opinion ; not yielding to reason or persuasion ;
refractory. — StVblloni-lV, (i<f r. — StQliawni-lMM, n.
Syn. — Stubborh ; Obstikatb; hiflexible; obdurate;
headstrong ; stiff ; firm ; intractable ; contumacious. —
Obttinate is used of either active or passive persistence
in onM*s views or conduct, in spite of the wishes of others.
Stubborn describes extreme pasdve oMinaey.
stOd-hors.j ▲
(stn/bj^), a. 1. AboondiBf with Kfeabt.
3. Short and thick ; short and strong, as toistles.
Stno'OO (stUkHct), n. ; pL Stvooobb (-kOs), Snioooi.
[It., fr. OHO. siuecAi crurt, piece.] 1. Plaster used m
a coating lor walls. 8. Work made o< ■tocco.^r. L
To overlay or decorate with stucco.
Stnok (stttk), imp. A p. p. of Buck.
Stud (stOd), n. [AS. SIM.] A collection of breadlnc
horses and maras. or the place where they are kept ; a
number of horses kept for racing, riding, etc
8t1ld,n. [AS.4/ii<fuapoet.] 1 An upright acantliag,
esp. one in tlie iraming for latli and plaster partitiona,
upon which laths are nailed. 3. A nail with a large
head; ornamental knob; a boas. 3. An <mMuoental
button, not aewed in place, but transferable. 4. A
short projecting rod or pin, in machinery.— v. i. To
adorn or set thiekly with rtnds or knobs.
BindOMOk' (-bd6k0, n. A genealogical register of a
particular breed or stud of horses, esp. thoroughbreds.
StOd'dlllf, n. Material for studs, or Joists.
StnO'dlllt Mil' (sil' ; among teamen, stfin^sl). A
li^bt sail set at the side of a square ssil of a vessel in free
winds, to increase her qieed. Bee JUvH. of Ban..
StVdMIt (stu'dent), n. [L. atudem, -dentis, p. pr. of
ttwiere to study .1 1. One engsged in study ; a teanier ;
pupil ; scholar. 3. An attentive and systematic observer.
milO'-llfinM' (st&d'hdrs'), f». [AS. stOd
stallion ; esp., one kept for breeding.
StoAlad (st&dTd), a. 1. Closely examhied ;
the subject of study ; well considered. 3. Well versed
in any branch of leMmlng ; learned. 3. Premeditated.
Stn'tfi-O (8tttMT-«), n. [It.] Artistes working room.
Stn'dl-OIIS (-ils), a. [L. Mhulionu.) 1. Given to
study ; devoted to the acquisition of knowledge from
books. 3. Given to thought : contem|dative. 3. Earn-
est ill endeavors ; observant. 4. Deliberate ; studied. —
Stn'dl-OIUI-lT, adr. — Stn'dl-«1Ui-BeM; n.
BtVd'y (stCd^f). 11. [L. ttvdiwn, akin to Mtttdere to
study.] 1. Application of mind to books, arta, tcience,
etc., to acquire Imowledge. 3. Mental occupation ; con-
templation. 3. Object of attentive consideration, d.
Apsrtment devoted to literary work. 6. An artist's
preparatory sketch. m^r.i.St t. To consider attentively.
Stuff (stfif), II. [OF. estoffe.'] V Material to be
worked up in manufacture. 3. Woven material not made
into garments ; fabric ; worsted fiber. 3. Furniture ;
goods. 4. A medicine ; potion. 6. Refuse matter; non-
sense; trash.— V. t. 1. To fill by crowding; to cram.
3. To psck. 3. To fill (poultry, etc., for cooking) with
a seasoning c<Mnposition. 4. To fill the skin of ^ bird,
animal, etc), to preserve it as a. specimen. 6. To pot
fraudulent votes into (a ballot box). [£r.<9.]-- r. <. To
feedgluttonously. — Btllfflllg, n.
Stuffy, a. 1. Angry and obstinate ; sulky. W. S.'X
3. Ill-ventiUted : close. - Stoffl-BMS, ».
Stultl-tF (BtfiltT<n), r. t. [L. thiltu* foolish + -A-l
To make a f col of.
Stum (stiim), n. [D. slomJl 1. Unfermented grape
juice or wine ; must 8. Wine revived by new fermen-
tation. » r. /. To renew (wine) by mixing must with it.
StomOdo (stfim'bl), r. i. [OB. thtmUen ; fieo. of a
word akin to E. stammer.'] 1. To trip In walking.
3. To walk unsteadily. 3. To fall into crime or error ;
to err. 4. To happen (upon a person or thing) wiUioat
design.— ». 1. A trip in walking or nmnlng. 8. A
blunder ; failure ; fall from rectitude. —Stvm'bltr, ».
StomldlBC-ldOcdK' (-blTng-blSkO* ^ Any cause of
stumbling, pnrplexlty, or error.
Stump (stamp), n. [Akin to D. stomp, G. stump/.]
1. Port of a tree or pUnt remaining after the trunk is out
off ; stub. 8. Part of a limb remaining after a port la
amputated or destroyed ; Axed or rooted remnant. 3. pL
The legs. [Slanff] 4. One of throe pointed rods form-
ing a wicket in the game of cricket.
ft. «, 1, 5, a, kmg ; A, fi, 1, 5, 0, ^, short i sandte, dveat, tdeo, Ob«y, tinite, eAra, Inn, ddc, «]1, flBoL
STUMPY
551
SUB-BASS
Vb go M tlM ■!■■», or Vo Uk* tlM Hop, to mftke pnhUo
AddrMMS for electtoneering purposes;— fr. the oee of
a atomp a« speaker's platform in newly-settled districts.
Hence the phrases slump orator^ stump tpettJter^ stump
speech^ siump oratory^ etc. [CoUoq. U. S.]
—V. I. 1. To cut off a part of ; to lop. 2. To strike
(the toes) against something fixed ; to stub. [C0//09.I
JL To challrage ; to nonplus. [C0//09.] 4. To travel
over (a state, district, etc.), delivering speeches for elec-
ttoneering purposes. [Colloq. U. SA 6. (a) To put (a
batsman) out of play at cricket, by knocking dowu the
stnmpa of the wicket he is defending while he is off his
allotted ground, {h) To bowl down the stumps of (a
wicket). —«. i. To walk clumrily, as if on stumps.
Btaaagty (stttmp']^), a. "L Full of stumps ; hard ;
strong. 2. Short and thick ; stubby. IColloq.^
Stan (st&n), V. t. [AS. stunian to resound, or f r. same
source as S. astoHishJ\ 1. To make dizzy by violence ;
to render senseless by a blow, as on the head. 2. To dull
the sensibility of ; to overpower one's sense of hearing.
3. To bewilder. «> ft. Condition of being stunned.
' " g), imp. & p. p. of Smio.
1 also
[Written also stup^yA - StQ'pa-fl'er, n.
__ ,st&Qk), imp. &, p. p. of Smrx.
StmlMr (stfitt'nSr), n. I. Ons that stuns. 2. Some-
tiling of extraordinary excellenoe. \,SUing^
Stout (stliut), V. t. [AB., dull, stupid. See Shut.]
To hinder from growing to the natural size ; to stint ; to
dwarf.— n. A check in growth ; a shunted animal or thing.
Btlipt (stup), n. [L stuwiy stuppa, tow. Cf. Btof.]
Medicated cloth or flax applied to a hurt or sore.
gtn'P^^fa'Olmtt (stu'pC-fa'sh<mt), a. [L. slupe/ticiens^
p. pr. of slup^aeere to stupefy ; stupere to be stupefied
•\- facert to make.] Producing stupefaction. — n. A
narcotic. [Written also stupi/aeient^
Sta'pe-fiotUm (-fik'shlin), n. A stupefying, or being
■feopeiled. [Written also siupi/aetion.}
BWp^-iaiOfttWy a. A ft. Stupefacient.
Btn^tf (-fl), V. t. To make stupid or torpid.
" P</V.] - Sta'pa-ffer, «.
, (-pen'dQs), a. [L. stupendus astonish-
ing, p. future pass, of siupere.} Wonderful ; amazing ;
astonishing in magnitude or elevation. — Stll-PMI'-
daas-ly, adv. — Sta-ptn'doui-iiaM, n.
BtnA (stlFpTd), a. [L. stupidus, fr. stupere.'\ 1.
Very duU ; senseless ; sluggish. 2. Resulting from, or
evincing, stupidity ; formed without skill ; dull. — StB'-
pld-l7, adv.-Bwm-omB, 8ta-9UI1-t7(-pTd^-tj^), n.
Bta^vi4ff V. t. To stupefy.
BtB'Mr (stu'pSr), n. [p., tr. stupere.] 1. Suspension
of sendbUity, sense, or feeling ; lethannr. 2. Stupidity.
BbWdf (stOr^dj^), a. [OF. e^Tounft stunned, giddy,
rash, p. p. of OF. e^ourcf^r to stun, to amaze.] 1. Fool-
ishly obstinate ; stem. 2. Resolute ; unyielding. 3.
Strong; stout. — 8tVdl-lF, adr. — StaT'dl-naw, n.
StW^SMll (-jCin), n. [F. esturgeon^ LL. sturio^ sturgio;
akin to AS. styriga.'^ A large cartilaginous ganoid fish,
common on the coasts and in the large rivers and lakes
of North America, Europe, and A<iia. Caviare is prepared
from the roe, and Isinglass from the air bladder.
8t7ga«B (itTJ/T^), a,
}r^2,Ty(, Xriryoc.] ~
_^ . [h.8tyffiHS,tr,8fyz,8ivgi9,
Gr. i,rv$y Xnryoc.] Pert, to the Hver Styx ; infernal.
Styto (stil), n. [F. ; L. stUus a style or writing in-
strument, manner of writing, mode of expressiim. The
spelling with y is due to a supposed connection with Or.
vTvkot a pillar.] 1. An aocieut histruroent for writing
on wax-covered tablets. 2. (a) A pen. (6) A graver.
(c) A blunt-pointed surgical instrumeut. (d) A bristlelike
process in insects, etc. {e) The pin, or gnomon, of a dial,
whose shadow indicates the hour. (/) [Prob. fr. Or.
(rrvAoc. ] The elongated part of a pistil between the ovary
and the stigma. See lUusts. of Stambx and Pdtil. 3.
Mode of expressing thought in language ; choice or ar-
rangement of words. 4. Mode of presentation, in music
or define arts. 6. Conformity to a recognised standard,
esp. iu social demeanor ; fashion. 6. Title ; ofBcial des-
ignation ; mode of address. 7. A mode of reckoning time.
S^ Style is Old or New. The Old Style follows the
calendar esUbUshed by Julius C»sar, in which every
fourth year consists of 3m days, and the other years of
365 days. This is about 11 mhiutes in a year t%o much.
Ok ' " "
Btaqpeon (Aeipenter sturio).
r (stBf t8r), v.t.&i. [Cf . D. & LO. stotteren.]
To hesitate or stumble in utterimr words ; to stammer.
—II. A stuttering ; stammer. — StOt'ter-er, n.
Sty (stt), n. [AS. stigu^ fr. sdgan to rise ; orig., a
Dlsce into which animals climbed.] 1. A pen for swine.
2. A place of bestial debauchery.— r. /. To shut up in a sty.
S^, n. [AS. stlgend (sc. eAge eye), prop., rising, or
swelfli^ (eyo)* P> P* of stlqnnA An inflamed swelling
on the edge of the eyelid. [Written also stye."]
Pope Oregory XIII. reformed the calendar by retrench-
ing 10 days in October, 1582. This reformation was adopted
by act of the British Parliament hi 1751, by which act 11
days in September, 1752, were retrenched, and the 8d day
was reckoned the 14th. This mode of reckoning {• called
I New Style, according to which every year dividble by 4,
unless it is divisible by lOU without behig divisible by 4(M»,
has 366 da^ and any otlier year 365 days. _
Syn. —Phraseology ; manner ; title. See DicnoM.
— r. t. To entitle ; to term, name, or call.
Syn. — Todenomhiate; designate; characterize.
Styaet (stilSt), n. [F., dim. of style."] 1. A smaU
poniard ; stiletto. 2. A surgeon's probe. 3. A bristle-
Uke organ of certain insects, etc.
Stynill (sUlTsh), a. Having style or artlsUc quality ;
fond of display of style ; highly fashionable.
Stylist, n. Master, model, or critic, of stvla.
StylO-i^A]^ (stll^^-grif), n. A Btylographic pen.
Sty'lo-gnpll^ (-gri(fTk), a. Pert, to, or used in,
stylography, or in a stylographic pen.
Btjlomthio psa, a pen having a conical point like that
of a style and a reservoir for supplying it with ink.
Sty-lOC'n-nliy (-15g'ri.fy), n. CStyle + -graphy.]
A mode of writing with a style on cards or tabletn.
StypHo (stTp'tTk), a. [Or. onnrrunk, fr. orv^ty to
contract.] Producing conti^ction; stopping bleeding;
astringent. [Written also stiptic. ] «> n. A styptic medk-
chie. -Styp'tkMa, a. - Styp-tld-ty (-tTsi-ty), ».
II Styz (stTks), n. [Or. Srv^.] In cUwsic mythology,
the principal river of the lower world, which had to bo
crossed in passing to the regions of the dead.
Ba'tL-Ut (su'4-b'l). o. Liable to be sued.
SVA'tlon (swi'zb&ii), n. [L. suasio^ fr. suadere^ nuh-
Mcm, to persuade.] A persuading; persuasion.
SVAlHTO (-»Tv), Sna'SO-ry (-s«-ry), a. Persuading.
S1IAT0 (swEv or swiiv), a. [L. suarts.] Sweet ; pleas-
ant ; gracious in manner ; bland. — SVATt'ly, adv.
StlATt-tir (swSvT-tj^), n. Agreeableness ; urbanity.
Btb (sfib), n. [L. sub under, below.] A subordinate ;
subaltern. [Colloq.y
Snb-AOld (sBb-SfOrd), a. Moderately acid or sour.
SalMl'C0]lt (-5'jent), n. One employed by an agent to
transact business intrusted to the Isitter.
SalHdteni (-y^'tSm), a. [LL. subaltemus^ fr. L.
sub under -{- alter the one, the other of two.] Ranked
below ; inferior. — n. One liolding a subordinate posi-
tion ; commissioned milifitry officer below a captain.
Snb'al-ter'liate (sQb^n-tSr'ntt), a. l. Sacceeding
by turns ; succeiwivi^. 2. Subordinate ; subaltern.
SnlMl'qiie-aiU (-i^cn #.&»), a. 1. Being under water ;
submarine. 2. Formed in or imder water.
Sll1>'-lMUM' (sflb'bis'), n. Lowest member of a base
when divided horizontally, or of a baseboard,pedestal,eto«
Sab'-baas', n. Deepest pedal stop, or lowest tODsa
of an organ ; ground bass. [Written also sulhba^,^
f^TD, recent, 6rb, r^de, fyll, lim, food, ftfbt, oat, oil, chair, go, sln^ iQk, then, tlllB.
SUBCOMMITTEE
652
SUBORDER
I (sttl/kSm-niTftt), fi. An iiiid«r com*
mittue ; part or division of ft coniniitt«e.
Ba'tfn-WM-WU (-kA>ti'nl.liB), a. Situated under
the akin; hypodermic.
Sub^dl-Hte' (-dT.TldO. r. t. & i. To divide (parU of
anything) Into more parte ; to divide again.
BVll'dtVl'SllMI (.vTsh'fln), n. 1. A subdividing. 1.
A part of a thing made by subdividing.
Ihlb-doail-lUUIt (-d5m1-nant ), n. Fourth tone above,
or fifth beloWf the tonic.
Snb-dUOe' (-dSs^), \ v. t. [L. subducere, -duetnm ;
Snb-dttOt' (-dttlif ), ( tub -h ducere to luad, draw.]
1. To withdraw ; to take away. 2. To subtract ; to de-
duct. — Svb-dllClllOB, n.
flUb-dlM' (-dS')« V. t. [OB. ioduen, OF. ionduire to
■educe, L. niMtM below (fr. «f4fr) -f rfurer?.] 1. To bring
under ; to vanquish. 2. To overpower ; to crush. S.
To tame. 4. To reduce to tenderness ; to soften. 6. To
iiwke mellow ; to break (land) ; to destroy (weeds). 6.
To reduce the intensity of ; to tone down.
Syn. — To overcome ; surmount. Bee Cosquie.
8ll-b«rl0 (stt-bSrak), a. [L. tuber cork tree.] Pert,
to cork : obtained from cork.
Bnl^UUDIl-lT (slib-flmT-iy), n. A subdivision, more
important than a genua, into which families are divided.
Bnb-ffa'IIIUI (•JS'ntttf), n. ; p/. BtraoUBBA (-J<lu^-rA).
Subdivision of a genus, comprising one or more species
which difl«r essentially from other species of the gentw.
Snl^jA'Oeat (-jS's^ut), a. [L. tubjuceM^ p. pr. of nth-
jaeere ; tub under -\-jacere to lie.] 1. Lying below. 2.
Being in a lower situation, though not directly beneath.
Snll'jMt (snyj8kt)« a. [L. tubjeetus^ n. p. of subjictre
to throw, place, or bring under ; nb -f- jacert to throw.]
1. Placed under the power of another ; owing allegiance
to a particular sovereign or state. 2. Kxpoeed r prone.
Syn. — Inferior ; obnoxious ; exposed. Bee Liabul
— n. 1. That which is placed under the control or influ-
ence of sometliing else. 2. One under the authority of
a ruler and governed by his laws ; one owing allegiance
to a sovereign or sovereign state. 8. That which in sub-
jected to any physical operation or process ; dead body
used for dissection. 4. That concerning whicli anything
is said or done. 6. The person treated of ; hero of a
piece ; chief oharact(»r. . 6. That which Is spoken ot.
Bah-fma^ (sOb-jSkt'), 1. 1. l. To bring under control,
power, or dominion ; to make subject ; to suMue. 2. To
expose ; to make liable. 8. To submit ; to cause to un-
dergo. - Bvb-lM'llOII (jCk'fthnn). n.
a«b']«0'tt1r» (-JSk'tTv), a. 1. Pert, to a subject. 2.
Pert, to, or derived from, one's own consciousness, In dis-
tinction from external observation ; relating to the mind,
in distinotion from the material world.— BllD-|eo^T»-ly,
a<fr.— Bnb-lMmrt-iMM, Bvb'loo-tlTl-ty (•tTvq.ty),n.
Kn. — See OBjacnnc
b'jMt-mat'ttr (-mlt^ter), n. The matter or thought
prenented for consideration.
Bvb-jQlB' (-Join')* V. t, [OF. tubjoindft, L. iubjungrrt.^
To add after something said or written : to append.
BnlKlll-SAte (fiKb'jA-^t), r. /. [L. tubiuanre^ -patum ;
tub -^juguni a yoke.] To subdue, and bring under the
oontrol of snother ; to vanquish. — BttVJlt-KmtlOII, n.
Syn. ~ To subdue ; overcome. Bee Corqdbr.
Smb-Janotloa (-jnnk'shfin), n. 1. A subjoining, or
belnff subjoined. 2. Something subjoined.
8llb-)lUI«'tlT0 (-tTv), n. [L. tuhjnncHvut^ fr. tubjun-
pere, -junetum^ to subjoin.] Bubjoiiied or added to some-
thing before said or written.*- n. The subjunctive mood ;
a verb in the subjunctive moo<i.
Sml^jaaetlvs meed, thnt form of a verb which expresses
the action or state not as a fact, but as still contiugAi.t
and dependent. It \n commonly subjoined to some other
verb, and In English is often connected with it by (/", that^
thottnh, ffjtf^ vnhfx^ except^ until, etc.
Bllb-lM' (-ISf), r. t. To underlet; to lease, as when
m leasee leases to another person.
Capable of bdng
Bvl^Um'a-Vto (sab.llm'&-b'l), a.
sublimed or sublimated.
BnbOl-BIAte (sttb'lT-mSt). r. t. [L. niMfmore, -motum.
to raise, fr. tuUimit high.] 1. To evaporate (a solid
substance) by heat, and then condense by cold. 2. To
refine and exalt ; to elevate, ^n. A product obtained
by sublimation ; purified product. «> a. Viqiorized by
heat, and again condensed as a solid. — Bvb'li-IIUl'tlOa. a .
Sab-llBM' (limO, a. [L. tublimU.'\ 1. Ufted up ;
high in place. 2. Distidgulsbed by lofty or noble traits ;
eminent. 8. Awakening or expressing emotion of awe,
adoration, veneration, heroic resolve, etc. ; grand ;
solemn; stately.
Syn. - Exalted ; lofty ; noble : majeatic. 8«e Osabd.
•^n. That which 1b sublime; a lofty style in speaking
or writing ; that which is frand In nature or art, as
disting. fr. the merely beautiful, ^r. t. 1. To raise ob
liigh. 2. To sublimate ; to heat, volatilise, and oondema
In crystals or powder; to purify. 8. To exalt; to
Improve. 4. To dignify; to ennoble. -« v. €. To pass
off in vapor, with Immediate condensation ; to volatlliM
from the solid state without apparent melting.
Bvb-UlMly, adv. In a sublime manner.
Bnb-UflMlMMn, n. The being aubllme ; sublimity.
Bub-Umlty (-ITmT-tj^), M. 1. The being •ubttme.
2. Tliat which Is sublime.
Syn. — BvBLiMrrr : OaAimBCB ; macniflcence. — The
mental state Indicated by tuhtimUy and grandeur is the
H-\ i we caII tt jfttNiufitif wh-i. n -(.rini:^ it-i\. ^hti iA
fiab-llu'gtul (-lfn'g«^I)i ^* Eituaiffd un4et tli*
Bub'iu-nai'Ty <>fllVlflui-rf V t oTifnaty,} Biluai^
I tub loB rlni' i ^ n b id 4- 1 ^n*), u, Bt-lni;,^ ttnw, oi grew *
, I r.f, li r *<.\tvr ill rJiP itftan
I Sslrajrlns ttmwr, a waterproof
(In^M nr HtrrM»ii( lunti-rbl, havini^a
I III 1 mil t '\lill^v• liJk-li ELtr rnrbrntlUiig
I JA [.ii|]i[iH'il t>iroit^h A lube ]e#dlug
fnun ?bi * X'- I he imrjiirt' lo ethalsu
H liiM r to rriiiaio ninli^r wftter. -
ButmLTiLfiii cmTl*, n leleu^rnnji rttble^
gub Qic.'i3I-aAt f iin-MT-rifntl, h.
TIh' M i r li I' iii# r.f t lie uiu^ital i,ca\*..
B\xh merce' ( nte rj '),*/, [ i ,.
J^-f^ to ptiiiifirf,]! I, To put under
wjiti'r; to 11] m life. 8. To i-ovep
v^Klk ifr^tvrt to immdatej ta i
ilrnwn, — 1. L To \jv boKi?d or
(■nvfJT+'..|, ii> hy a flidi] J to be
Un^riji'il ; tii Ijeriiirii'l^-tcly Im'tuded,
- -Sub mer'geticrt < o,?rViiB>,gmj-nt€i^UB< ai«i*%ifc
Sub morftt ' i fi ^-i r h' j^ Sub mifM4' { -tulnf), «, pa.
i r 1 1; I r i; r ■ ■ ^'i ii i u 1 1 c 1 1 1 ' ■ r Mi h Irf-
Sub miB'BlOIi ( mTtli'lliO. n. 1. A mh(ti]^Mu$ : mylriA-
hiifl t'» |M'w**f orftUthoHtj t oVKrdieure ; rniiipjlutcp. 2 A
\]f iiiK BtJ^riiinkive ; hiiri|b]« or sufipiJAtit twlmvlor i n^^^k-
jiii'ritL rjJiljrimtiiOTU 3. Arkoonibdiinitcitt of s faiill.
Sub mill 'slvfl (toTi^^Tv), o, todlne^l of r«ady la
fHihpi'ir , m knnvileiigijig oiivVi* Itittrrliiiiirit} ', hitmbuk *
Bub mia'BlTe IVt 'tdr. ^B^h ml^M^rt-jiMwm* m,
Stitilnlt' I. Jiilt'K !>. r Si i. |L, t^hmittrif ; pvfr 4
ThiiffTf TO mmH] 1. To yVM tn pttwvr or *iilLKtftly,
2. T.> .■■nrniiit tri thf ft I ft' Irt frill of oltier*! ItJ TwivT.
5ilb TOUl'rl-pilB < tikriltT^j>H), fi. A niimijpr m quan^
tit> H ml iliM'.i (o rvo'ithor »a fKAct niiuiWr of tJfre*,
Sub qr'aer {^Bi-'dSr), n, A dtvliloh of sn urdrr In
mr ir it UTHTnry : A rnn*^ of |f¥ii*in of lowrr mok Ibaii
ij n . r. h^r Jind of ftTfau^r Import^ttf^ than * trlhC' ot faintly.
S, fe, t, 8, II, long ; A, e, It 5, tl, j^, short ; senftte, 8vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, eftre, Mnn, Ask, ^n, final.
SUBORDINATE
553
SUBTILENESS
(sOWt/dl-ntt), a, [Pref. ttUh -f- L.
otdimtre^ -nainm^ to amnge.] 1. PUiced in a lower
ttrdsr, dMs, or rauk. 2. Iuf«rior in order, nature, dignity,
power, etc ^ n. One who atanda in order or rank below
another.— tf. /. 1. To place in a lower order or olaas.
a. To subject or subdoe. — 8lllH»r'dl-lllte-l7} adv.--
8«1»-0r'dl-ll«te-tt6W, SvlHV'dlrlU-ST, n.
Sab'^rdi-JUltkmt n. l. a subordlnatiug or subject-
ing 9. The being subordinate or inferior to another.
BolMRni' (•dm'), v. t. [F. suborner^ L. tabornare ;
tub under, secretly + omare to adorn.] 1. To cause to
take a false oath. a. To procure privatelv, or by collu-
sion ; to instigate.— Svb'oir-liatloil, n.— SnlHini'W, n.
Svb-pa^lUl (-pS'uA), n. [NL., fr. L. tub i- poena
punishment;] A writ commanding the attendance (of a
witnras, etc ) in court. •>• v. t. [imp. A p. p. Subpcbm asd
(-nid); p. pr. A vb. n. 8dbf(Snaiico.1 To serve with a
writ of aubpoBUa ; to command attendance in court by a
legal writ. [Written also sttbpena.l
Sol^OfllM' (•skrib'), u. /. [L. subterib^f, serlptum ;
nb 4- tcribere to write.] 1. To write underneath ; to
aiga(one*s name) to a document. 8. To sign with one's
own hand ; to consent to (somettiing written) by writing
one*8 name beneath. 3. To promise to give, bv writing
oiie*8 name with the amount. •• v. i. 1. Tu sign one's
name to a letter, etc. 2. To consent to something writ-
ten, by signing one's name ; to assent ; to agree. 3. To
■et one's name to a paper as a promise to give a oertaln
■am. 4. To enter one's name for a newspaper, a book,
etc — SvlHioill/er, n.
BaHymaiVi (sab^^krlpt), a. [L. mbteriptusy p. p.]
Written underneath. •» n. Anytliing written below.
8alHiOffl9^tlOll (-skrTp'shliu), n. 1. A subscribing.
8. That wlUch is subscribed, (a) A signed paper, {b)
Signature attached to a paper, (c) Consent or atteata-
tion by underwriting the name, {d) Sum subscribed.
Mb'M-qQmit (-sf-kwent), a. [L. subsequent, -quentit,
p. pr. of subseqni to follow.] Succeeding. — BnlKS 3-
qpMt'lff a<lr.— Snb'M^piMiM, 8iib'8«-qiieii-oy, h.
•Ob-Mnre' (-s8rv'), r. t, [Li. Sttbsertire ; sub -)- ter-
vir$ to serve.] To serve in subordination or instru-
uientally ; to promote. — r. {. To be subordinate.
S«b-itnrl-«tlt (-T-ent), a. Fitted or disposed to sub-
Mrve ; nsef ul in an inferior capacity ; servile ; truckling.
— 8Db4MrTl-«iiM, Snb-serrl-aii-oy, n.
B^HhOW (-sidO, V. I. [L. tubstdere ; sub -f sidere to
tit, settle ; akin to sedere to sit, E. siL] 1. To sink or
fall to the bottom ; to settle, as lees. 2. To tend down-
ward ; to descend. 3. To fall into a state of quiet ; to
be calmed ; to abate. — Bnb-fid'aiOt, Snb-slA'eil-oy, n.
9yn. — See Abatb.
Sab•■lil'^a-nr (-sTdT-t-m, a. [h. subsidiarius. See
SuMtDT.l 1. Fumisliiug aid ; assisting ; auxiliary ; trib-
htary. 2. Pert, to, or constituting, a subsidy, —n. One
who contributes aid ; an assistant; auxiliary.
Bvb'gl-dilt (sfib'aT-dls^, r. /. To furnish with a sub-
sidy ; to purchase tlie assistance of by payment of a sub-
■hur ; to aid (a private ehterprire) with public money.
snIKaMy (-ay)* »• [L. subsidium troopn stationed in
reserve, support, fr. sttbsidere. S^ Subsiok.] 1. Sup- I
port ; codfe aUon; aid in money rendered to a friendly
power. 2. A sum paid by one sovereign or nation to
Another to purchase coiiperation or neutrality in war.
3. A grant from the government, to assist an enter-
prise advantageous to the public ; a subvention.
Byn. — StrBslDT ; TKiBirra; grant. —A subsidy is vol-
untary ( a tribute Is exacted.
Sab^lSt' (-sTsf ), V. t. [L. subsistere to stand still,
stay ; sub -f- sittere to stand, caune to stand ; f r. stare to
stand.] Ih. To be; to inhere. 2. To continue; to re-
tain a certain state. 3. To be maintained with food and
clothing ; to be supported. «» r. /. To feed ; to maintain.
8ab-«lsrtll0t, n. 1. Real being ; existence. 2. In-
herency. 8. Means of support ; provisions ; livelihood.
BvlMrist'eilt, a. L Having real being. 2. Inber«ht.
Snb'Mil' (-soUO, A. The bed of earth immediately
beneath the surface soil.
8llb-sp«'clM (-spS'shSs), n. A group less diithict
than sp»^ee usually are, but based on characters more
important than those characterising ordinary varieties.
SUb'BtailM (-dtons), n. [F., fr. L. substantia, fr. tub-
stare to be under or present, to st:md firm ; sub + rtare
to stand.] 1. That which underlies all outward mani-
festations : that which is real, dieting, fr. tliat which is
apparent; nature; essence. 2. Tlie most important ide-
m«ut In any existence ; main part ; purport. 3. Body ;
matter; material of which a thiug is made; solidity;
firmness. 4. Material possessions; resources.
Sttb-Stan'tltl (-BtSu^shal), a. 1. Belonging to sub-
stance ; actually existing ; real. 2. Not seeming or im-
^nory ; true ; veritable. 3* Corporeal ; mateiial { firm.
C Having good substance ; strong ; stout ; solid. 6. Pos-
sessed of goods ; moderately wealthy ; responsible. —
Bnb-staiftua-iMM, Snb-sttn'tt-all-ty (siif-iinr-t^), n.
SUb-Stantlal-ly, adv. in a substantial manner ; In
substance; essentially.
SUb-stAlltllls (-simlz), n. /)/. Essentia] partk
Sttb-Stan'ti-att (-shT4t). r. /. l. To make to exist ;
to make real. 2. To establish the existence or truth of ;
to verify. — Snb-stftlFtl-A'ttoii, «.
Bnb^StAll-tPTal (sttb'stau-ti'val). a. Pert, to, or of
the nature of, a substantive. — Sttb'ltAll-ti'VAl-ly, adv,
SnVgUn-tlTe (sQb'dt/iu-tTv), a. [L. stibstanlirtit.}
1. Betokening or expressing oxiitence ; as, tlie substan-
tive verb, that Is, tlie verb to be. 2. Depending on Itself ;
independent. 3. Enduring ; substantial. — n. A noun or
name ; part of speech dcbiguating something that exists,
or some object of thought. — finb'ltAll-tlire-ly, adv.
Bnb'ltl-tlltO (-stl-tut), n. [L. substitutus^ p. p. of
substituere to put in the place of ; sttb -\- statuere to put,
place.] One substituted or put in tlie place of anotlier ;
one who acts for another ; one who enlists for military
service in the place of a conscript or drafted man. — r. t.
To put in the place of another person or thing ; to ex-
change. — Snb'sti-tiitloii, n.
BnlHrtnitnill (-strfi'tttm), n. ; pi. Substrata (-tA).
[L. substratusy p. p. of substemere to strew under ; *m6
-|- sternere to strew.] That which is spread under, or
which underlies something : the subsoil.
Snb-Stmo'tiOll (-strfik^shfin), n. [L. subtfrueffo, tr.
substruere^ -strwrtum ; tub + */r»/ere to build.] Under-
building ; foundation, or preliminai^ structure.
Bvb-StniOtlire (-tdr; 40), n. 1. Substruction. 2.
An under structure ; foundation ; groundwork.
Bnb-teil'ailt (-tSn'ant), n . One who rents a tenement,
land, etc., of one alw a tenant ; undertenant.
Bnb-tMid' (-t8nd'), r . /. [L. tubtendere ; tub -f- iendere
to stretch, extend.] To extend under, or be opposite to ;
as, the chord tubtends an arc.
Bnb-ttllM' (-t«ns'), n. A line subtendinff ; chord.
Bnb'ter-fUftf (sHb'tgr-fuj), n. [F., fr. LL. tubterfU'
ffinm^ fr. L. stibter/ugere to escape; snbter under -f /m-
gere to flee.] That to which one resorts for escape, or
concealment ; an artifice employed to escape censure, or
to justify opinions or conduct ; a whift ; evasion.
BUb'ter-rA'ne-ail (-rS'n$-<in), ) a. [L. tubterraneus ;
Bnb'ter-rA'ne-oiis (-««), S ttib + terra earth.]
Situated within the earth, or under ground.
BnVtllt (AHb'tTl or sfifl), a. [L. subtilU. Bee Sub-
TLB.] 1. Til In ; not dense or gross ; rare. 2. Delicate-
ly constituted or constnicted ; nice ; fine ; tftnuous. 3.
Acute; plerring; searching. 4. Discerning; delicate.
B. Sly ; crafty. [In senses 4 and 5 now commonly writ-
ten *MW/e.] -Bttb'me-lf , adv. — SaVtUe-nass, «.
8yn. — Subtilb ; Arms. — In atrute the imagf« is that of
a needle's £oint : In subtile that of a thread spun out to
fliien»»Ha. The acute int^^lln^t pierces to its aim ; a subtile
lor subtle) intellect winds Its way through obstacles.
f3rt^ recent, 6rb, n>d«» '««U» ^^ra* 'obd, ftfbt, oat, oil, chair, go, ting, igk, then, thin.
SUBTIUZATION
654
SUE
8«1Kttl-lli (ttlil/tn-!s or tat^LIs), v. /. 1. IV) make
thin or Hfkn. 2. To refine ; to spin into niceties. ^ r. t.
To make very nice distinctions.— Bvb'tU-i-Ba'tlMI, n,
Bm/tSl-tfy n. 1. The being Mibttle ; thiunees ; tfaie-
new. 2. Refinement ; extreme acuteoeas ; subtlety. 3>
Slyneaa in deai^ni : artitice ; trick ; subtlety.
BaWUiB (nfi ^1), a. [OE. *otU, mbtil, OF. MmtU, later
tubtilt L. sublilis: prob. orig., woren fine, and fr. tub
onder -f tela a web, fr. textre to weare.] 1. Sly in de-
sign: artful; insinuating; subtile. 2. Cunningly de-
Tised ; crafty ; treacheroua. 3. Nicely discriminating ;
refined ; sinuous ; insinuating ; penetrative ; difllcult of
apprehension : elusive. — Sab^tM-naw, Sttblle-ty, ».
Syn. — See Siatswm and GmniQio.
imbtly (sfiflj^), adv, 1. In a subtle manner ; slyly ;
artfully ; cunningly. 2. Nicely ; delicately.
Snb-toalO (sfib>t9n^k), a. Consistbig of tone, or
proper rocal sound, not pur6 as in the vowels, but modi-
fled by some obstruction in the oral or nasal passage, and
in some cases with a mixture of breath souiid. — m. A
subtonio sound ; a vocal consonant, as 6, <f, jr, n, etc.
Snb-tnaf (.trSktO* «*• '• [L. ntbtruhere^ •4raetum ;
9ub 4- trahere to draw.] To withdraw, or take away (a
part from the whole) ; to deduct. — 8«b-traot'er, n.
8«b-tno'tlaB (-trik'shttn), n. 1. A suUracUng or tak-
ing away a part. 2. The takbig of a lesser number or
quantity from a greater of tlie same kind or denomina-
tion ; a finding the difference between two numbers or
quantities.
8llb-traoH¥*(-tTv), a. 1. Tending, or having power,
to subtract^ 2. Having the negatire or minus Mgn*
Btti/tn-hmiA' (sUb^tri-UendO, fi. [L. wUrahendtu.}
Sum or number to be subtracted from another.
Snb-trMWlir-y (•tr6th'ttr-j^), n, A subordinate treas-
ury, or place of deposit.
Bnb'IIIll (sOVdrb), il. [L. suburbium; tub -f- ti'*^
dty.l An outlving pari of a city or town.
Soo-lirnDail (-Qr'bau), a. Pert, to, inhabiting, or being
in, the suburbs of a city. — n. A dweller in the suburbs.
Svb'va-li'e-ty (-vi-rl^-t^), n. A subordinate variety.
tUh-WVai^ C-ven'), V. i. [Pref. tub- -|- L. rmire to
oome.1 To come under} as a support or stay; to happen.
Svl^Ten'ttoll (-vSn'shfin), n. [F., fr. LL. tubventio,
fr. L. tubvenire to come up to one^s assistance, to assist.]
1. A comhig under. 2. A relieving, as of a burden ; sup-
port ; help. 3. A government aid or bounty.
Snb-TSrf (-vZrt'), r. /. [L. tubrertert^ -vertum ; tub
4- vfrtere to turn.] 1. To orertum from the foundation ;
to ruin utterly. 2. To pervert (the mind) and turn it
from the truth ; to corrupt. — Sab-TMfW, ti. — 8«b-
▼•r'lkMl (-vSr'shfin), n. — Svb-TWttT* (-sTv), a.
Sjn» — To overthrow ; destroy ; reverse ; extinguish.
Sab-TMrtl-U^t o- That may be subverted.
Snb'way' (s&ywikO» **• An underground way or gal-
lerv ; passage under a street, holding water mains, gas
mains, telegraph wires, etc.
Bqo'OO-Aa'iia-OIIB (aRk'st-dS'nt-iis), a. [L. tueceda-
neut. See Succsso.] Pert, to, or acting as, a suooeda-
neum ; supplying tlie place of something else.
Sno^OChda'as-imi, n. [NL.] One that succeeds to
the place of another ; a substitute.
8lUH)Md' (-s&iOi *'• '• ^ '• V^- *w?cederej -cettum ;
tub H- cedere to go, succeed.] 1. To come next after ;
to take the place of . 2. To be subMquent or consequent
to ; to purwe. 3. To prosper. — Bno-oetd'er, n,
8yn. — To follow ; pursue. See Follow.
81ID-O6M' (-sSs'), n. [If. tucctttut.'\ 1. A succeed-
ing. 2. TYktX which comes after ; consequence ; result.
3. Favorable tenjiination of anything attempted ; attain-
ment of. a proposed object. 4. That which meets with,
or one who accomplishes, favorable results. [CoUoq.'\
Quo OCWgtnl. a. Resulting in, or promotive of, suc-
cess ; prosperous ; fortunate. — BllO-€6Mfnl-lT« ndr.
Syn. — Happy ; auspicious ; lucky. See Fobtukatb.
[ (sfik-sSsklhi), ». [L.MM«eMio.1 1. A
aoooeeding, or following after; sequence. 2. A series
of persons or things according to some established rule of
I precedence. 3. Lineage ; race ; deaoeot. 4. Fower or
right of succeeding to the station of a father or other pred-
right to enter upon the oiBoe, rank, |
etc., held by another; entrance into the oOce, stattoo,
or rank of a predeceaaor ; the succeeding to a throne.
8ao-OM'aT» (•sfc'sTv), a. FoUowinc in order or Id
uninterrupted course ; consecutiTe. ~ OlM wflrtf Yf%
adv. — 8tto-ocs'iHr«-iMM, n.
r (-eSr), fi. One who tncoeeds or follows.
(sTQkt'), a. [L. ttuvHtgerty -^tnehnvi, to
tuck up ; tub -f dnjftrt to gird.l L Girded ; drawn
tightly together. 2. Compressed; brief;
Sno-dminF, adv. — Svo-omst'kMM, n.
Syn. — Short ; summary ; compendlovis ; terse.
mMKoor (sUlnctr), v. t. [L. tuccumrt to run \
help ; #tf5 -f cttrrcre to run.] To run to su|q>ort ; to help
indifBculty : to relieve. — n. 1. Aid ; help. 2. Ott« that
relierea. TWritten also moeottr.] — 6«roor-«r, «.
Syn.— Toaid:asalat; relieTe:deliTer; help; comfort.
Sao'OO-fyC-k^rY),!!. [Cormp. fr. cA^oyy.] Chicory.
Sao'OO-tittl (-tish), n. [Nanagansett Indlsn m*Me*.
quatath.^ Green maUe and beans boiled together.
Sao'ea-lABt (-kfi-lmt), a. [L. tucndentut, it. m
juice.] Juicy. — 8iio'ea4«Bct. 8«c'c«-li»«y, «.
Bm-cmiV (-kfimO. v. i. [L. tuentmhere; tub +
eumbere (in oomp.), akin to cubare to lie down.] To
yield ; to give up unresistingly.
8vs-ClUi'ilOO (•k&sh'nn), n. [L. tuceuttio, tt. trndeu-
tere ; tub -f qttatert to shake.] A f hake ; joH.
8«0ll (tfich), a. [AS. nrWr J 1. Of that kfaid ; Of
the like kind; like; similar. 2. Havhig the chanct*-
specified. 3. The same that ; — with at.
Back (sfik), r. /. [AS. «fir<in, t6oan ; L. nrpere.]
1. To draw in (a liquid) l^ the mouth and tongue ; to
force l^ exhausting the air. 2. To imbibe ; to inhale ;
to absorb. 3. To draw in, as a whirlpool ; to swaUov
up. ^-v. i, 1. To draw something ^ suction, as wtth
the mouth, or through a tube. 2. ^ draw milk frdm
the breast or udder. — n. 1. A drawing with the mouth.
2. That which is drawn Into the mouth by sucking.
Bmdl'er, n. 1. One that sucks; one of the organs li|r
which certain animalf , as the octopus and reoaora, adbeito
to other bodies. 2. A suckling ; a sucking snimaL 3.
The bucket of a pump ; valve of a pump bucket. 4. A
pipe through which anything is drawn. 6. Ashootfnai
the roots of a plant. 6. A North American fresh-water
cyprinoid fish of many species. 7. A parasite ; a raong«r.
3. A nickname for a native of Illinois. — r. I. To steip
off the suckers or shoots from, ^v.i. To form sneers.
8oo'klt(sQk'k*l),v.<. [Fieq.ofrad^j Tbciveaoek
to ; to nurse at the breast. Tbreaat.|
animal nursed at thel
, Mtpmr , ntcfvin, to suck.]
A sucking ; a drawing (fluids) by exhausting the air.
8no-tO^-«l (-tS'rI-Al), a. 1. Adapted for sucking;
Bliol^llllfff n. A young child or 1
8ll0tl0ll(Bttk'shth>), n. [L. tuffe
living by sucking. 2. Capable of adhering by 1
Bv'da-tO-ry (sS'di-t^^-ry), a. [L. tudaioriut, fr. Mk
dare to sweat.] Sweating. — n. A vapor bath.
Bnd'deil (sQd'dfe), a. [OB. & OF. todain, L. tubita^
neuty f r. tubitut sudden, p. p. of tubirt to steal upon ; tub
4-»r«togo.] 1. HappMiiuff without notice; conlngun'
expectedly ; immediate; Instant ; q»eedv. 2. Hastily pf«>^
pared ; quick. — Bod'deil-ly, adv. — Sbd'dMHMlB. fs.
Syn. — Unexpv>ted ; unusual ; abrupt : unlooked-for.
Bu'dor-lf 'tr-^oi (su'dSr-TfSr-fls), a. [L. tudcr sweat
-f- -/eroM*.] Producing, or secreting, sweat.
Wdor-fllo, a. [li. tudor -^faeere to make.] Cao^
ing sweat. — n. A sudorlflo medicine.
Sods (Kfids), n. pi. Wtiter impregnated with soapw
Bvs (su}, V. t. [L. teg*Hy tecnhu,} 1. To fcdlow up t
to seek afler ; to woo. 2. (a) To seek Justioe or rigm
£,8,1, 5, a, long : l^ «, 1, 5,0, j^, shoft; stnUte, 3vent,tdea, Obey, t|nite,dU«,3xai,Adc, §11,0001
SUET
665
SULPHATE
from, bv Iml procaM ; to protecute JodieUUy. (6) To
proceed wiUi (an actioo) ; to gain by legal proceei. — r. t
1. To make appUoation ; to plead. 2. To prosecute ; to
aeek (for aomething) in law. 3. To woo.
8vtt (>3^t), n. [OF. MM, 9uif, L. nbum.\ Fatty
tlHoaa of an anhnal, yielding tallow. — 8v'et-y XS)^ a.
Bvn&t (•Offir), f. I. [OF. n0^r, L. tufferre; tub
^ferrt to bear.] 1. To feeL or endure, with pain, an-
noyance, etc. ; to underga 2. To tuatain ; to bear up
under. 3. To experience. 4. To allow ; to tolerate.
Syn. — To bear ; endure ; allow ; tolerate. See PiRMrr.
-vr. i. 1. To undergo pain of body or mind; to bear
what ia inconrenient. 2. To undergo punishment, eap.
that of death. —8aflar-«r, n. — 8atf«r4llff, n. & a.
Svftnr-A-lllo, a. That may be auflered ; allowable ;
toferable. — SnMtr-A-Ue-IMM, n. — Softor-A-bly, adv.
Batftr-aiioe, *>. l. The bearing of pain ; endurance.
S. Pkin endured ; misery ; distress. 3. Submiaaion under
difflcult circumstances ; patience ; moderatioa. 4. Nega-
tlre consent by not forbidding ; toleration ; leave.
Syn. —Endurance ; pain ; misery ; inconvenience ; pa-
tience ; moderatioa ; toleration ; permission.
Sot-flOd' (sUf-flsO, r. i. [L. tufficere to put under, to
avail for, to suffice ; tub -^faeere to make. ] To be enough,
sufficient, or adequate. — r. /. To satisfy ; to content.
8al-fl'liaB-0T (-fTsh'ra-sy), n. 1. The being sufficient,
or adequate to the end proposed. _2. Qualllcation for
■It J pniToae; ability; capacity- 3. Adequate
c<jinpfrt*>Th^, %. Cadcf^il ; *('lf-ri»nftiIt'ooe ; self-sui
Snf-fi'olBnti «■ [L. f^ijfui'-Tjf, -'ntit^ p. pr. of aui
feri^. ] L Eiiual to tlN'^ ptiU |>r»p'>M"l ; adequate ; enough ;
unpli?. 3. QiiAli5e<l ^ He. 3. A t^M to meet obligations;
r¥»pi>ii»ibl«». — SnI-tL'olent Ir- ^f^i*,
Syn, f^aoiij^h ; cdnipet^iit ; full ; satisfactory.
SufrtlZ {sii't 'i ki), Ti . { L. Mtt^pi^rrr. -flxum^ to fasten on.]
Letter i-r njfMAbif juMih) t^j th** Vivl (if a word ; affix.
Sol-llx' (httMfkB^j. r. /. Td iLuucx to the end.
8ilIt<^CAt« (»ftrrn.k£t), r\ t. [L. tuffocare^ -catum^
to cbok* ; Mtih - /ij rirf J tLrortL] 1. To choke, by stop-
pbif ni|iinULuti ; tojitvcji^; t< inciter. 2. To destroy;
to extinguish. » r. i. To become choked or smothered.
— Soffe-Oftmoil, n. -SvMo-Ot-tlTt (kft-tTv), a.
8lffim-faB (-frA-gan), a. [L. mfftngan*^ p. pr. of
auffragari to support with one's vote, to faror.l Assist-
ing. — N. 1. An assistant. 2. An assistant buhop.
ftarirac* (slif'/rtj; 2), A. [F., fr. L. iuffragium.-^
^ Assent: vote. 2. Testimony; witness; approval.
8«l-fni'tt^0M' (sfif-frUnT-kSs ), a. [Pref. »i</- +'L.
fnUieonu shrubbjr.] Woody in the lower part of the
stem, but with the yearly brandies liertmceonii.
Sat-tOM' (•fo'Ot «• <• [L* **tff'^ndere.y -ftuum, to
overspread; tub -\- fundert to pour.] To overspread,
fllL or cover, as with something fluid. — Sot-fll'llOll, n.
8«g^ar (shd6g^r), n. [OE. mare, F. tucre, it. Ar.
tukkarA Sweet substince crystallixed from the evap-
orated Juice of sugar cane, sorghum, beet root, sugar
maple, etc, and oaed to season imd preserve food, etc.
■agar beet, a variety of beet much cultivated as a
soaroe of sucar. — lagar eaas, a tall perennial grass culti-
vated as tbeprlncipal source
of snnr. — lagar loaf, a loaf
of rconed sugar, usually of
conical ahape. _ ^
■spls. the rock maple, from
wfame aap sucar is made by
eraporattOD.
'^v, i. In makii^ maple
SQgar, to complete the
process of boiling down the
ttrup till it is thick enough
to crystallixe. — r. /. 1. To
impregnate, season, cover,
or sprinkle with sugar. 2.
To disguise by flattery ; to
compliment; to sweeten.
Upper Part of a Sngsr Cane.
(shd6g^r-plSmO, n. A kind of candy
or sweetmeat made up in small baUs or disks.
Bng*9l'J {'f)y a. Like or containing sugar ; sweet.
Bmg'fit (slig-Maf or s&d-J«st'), r. t. [L. tuggerete^
-gettum^ to put under, furnish, suggest ; tuh -f- gerert to
carry, to bring. See Jibt.] 1. To introduce iudirectly
to the thoughts. 2. To bint. — ISof-ffMf «r, n.
Syn. — To lUnt ; allude to ; referto ; insinuate.
Svc-gWUflO (•jes'chlin), n. 1. A suggesting; pre-
sentation of an idea. 2. Intimation ; diffident proposal.
Syn. — SvooBSTiOR ; Hnrr ; allusion ; intimatiou ; In-
sinuation. — A hint Is the briefest or most indirect mode
of calling one's attention to a subject. A tuggettion is a
putting of something before the mind for conuderation, a
guarded mode of presenting argument or advice.
8U[-2MttT« (-jSstTv), a. Containing a suggesticm.
8vl-eide (su^-sid ), n. [L. mi of one's self -(- eaedert
to kilL] 1. The taUng one's own life voluntarilv ; self-
murder. 2. One guilty of self-murder ; a felo^e-se. —
8al-0l'dia(-s!'dal),a.
Suit (sut), n. [OF. Mtt/tf, fr. tuirre to follow.] 1. A
suing; endeavor to gain an end or an object; pursuit.
2. A wooing in love ; courtship. 3. Attempt to gain an
end by legal process ; action for the recovery of a right
or claim ; legal application to a court for justice. 4.
That which follows as a retinue ; company of attendanta
upon a person of distinction ; — often written ntite, and
pron. twit. S. Things that follow in a series or succes-
sion ; the individual objects, collectively considered,
which constitute a series, as of rooms, buildings, compo-
sitions, etc. ; — often written suite, and pron. stpH. 6.
A number of things used together ; set. 7. One of the
four sets of playing cards in a pack. — r. /. 1. To fit ;
to adapt. 2. To be fitted ; to befit. 3. To please ; to
content. — r. •'. To agree ; to correspond.
Syn. — To agree ; accord ; tally ; match ; answer.
Svlf A-Vto (aut'4-b'l), a. Fitting ; accordant. — Sott'-
A-Ue-naw, Soit'a-liU'i-nr, n. -Snlt'a-Uy, adv.
Syn. — Proper ; agreeable ; competent ; correapond-
ent : compatible ; consonant ; congruous ; consistent.
Sillto (sw8t), n. [F. See Surr.] 1. A retinue or
company of attendants. 2. A connected series of ob-
jects ; number of things used or classed together ; set.
Svit'tr, n. 1. Oue who sues, petitions, or entreats ;
applicant. 2. One who solicits a woman in marriage ;
wooer; lover. 3. One who sues or proeecutea a demand
in court ; partv to a suit, as s plaintiff, petitioner, etc.
Snl'oatt (sOinctt), \ a. [L. mlcnre, •catnm, to fur-
Snl'oa-ttd (-kttSd). f row, fr.»f</r»« furrow.] Scored
with deep and regular furrows ; grooved.
8lllk(s1Uk), r.i. [See SruuKsss.] To be eS^ntly sul-
len : to be morose or obstinate.
Solkl-IMM, n. [AS. solcen slothful, remiss.] A be-
ing sulky : sullenness ; moroseness.
Bnlka (sOlks), n. pt. A being sulky ; sulky mood.
Slllk'y (slilk7). a. Moodily silent ; suUen ; sour ; ob-
stinate ; morose ; splenetic— n.
A light two-wheeled carriage ,
for a single person.
Syn. — See Sullkh.
wallm («fiin^n), a. \iAj.\
solanus solitary, fr. L. gohu
Gloomily angry and silent ; crcas ; sour ; morose. 4.
Heavy ; dull. — Snlltll-ly, adv, — SvllMI-IMQS, n.
Syn. — Sullen ; Sitlkt ; sour ; cross ; ill-natured ; mo-
rose ; peevish ; fretful ; ill-humored ; petulant ; gloomy ;
malign ; intractable. — Both xftitm ana aulkif sliow them-
selves in the demeanor. SuUmneM seems to be an habit-
ual sulkiness, and tulkinesM a temporary sullenness.
Sniaf (-ly), r. r. A *. [AS. *y/tan, fr. *o/ mire.] To
soil ; to spot ; to stain ; to darken, —n. Soil ; tanibh.
Snl'pmte (-ftt ; 2), n. [NL. tulphfu, ndphatis, fr.
L. nilphur brimstone, sulphur. ] A salt of sulphuric acid.
fSra, raoMil, tebi ri|da, f ^ Am, food, f<A»t, ont, oil, cliair, (o, sins, i||k, then, tliin.
SULPHUR
656
SUP
ML'jikXtt (■lll'fttr), fi. [L.1 A DonnMUUie chemical
element which bums with « blue flame and a suffocating
odor. It it aa ingredient of gunpowder, is uaed on friction
matchei. and in medicine (aa a laxative and inaeoticlde),
but its chief UM is in manufacturing sulphuric acid.
•■I'Bikv-rat* (-f tt-rii), V, t. To combine with sulphur.
— Solwi-nittoa, n.
Snl-pfenft-^HIB (-f Q'rt>iis), a. Consisting of sulphur ;
like Bul|dinr, xxr brimstone ; mipregnated with sulphur.
Snl-j^nfrlOf a, 1. Pert to sulphur ; as, a sulphuric
smeU. 2. Derived from, or containing, sulphur.
Sulplrarie aekU an add formed bj one equivident of sul-
phur with three of oxygen, formerly called vitriolic acidt
and now popularly mitHol, and oil of vUriol.
Snl'ldllir-aiUI (sftl^fttr-lis), a. 1. Pert, to sulphur.
8. {a) Derived from, or contaiuiug, sulphur ; designat-
ing compounds in which the element has a lower vuence
aa contrasted with suipkurie compounds, (fr) Having the
characterlalJc odor of sulphur compounds.
Bvl'vim-J ('f)y o* Resembling sulphur.
8lll'Ull(sUtan; ilr. syl-tttnO, n. [Ar. nt/zan sultan,
dominion.! Sovereign of a Mohammedan state ; the ruler
of the Turks ; the Psdbbah, or Grand Beignior.
Sol-UllA (sU-tS'uA or -tK^ni), n. [It.] 1. Wife of
a sultan, f . pi. A seedless raisin produced near Smyrna.
BollAB-Att (-ton-tt), fi. Rule or dominion of a sultan.
■■rtin •— ( ns). ri A sultana.
Svllry (-try), o. p'or npeltry.] 1. Very hot, burn-
ing, and oppressive. 2. Very hot and molBt, or hot, close,
nt, and oppressive, as air. — Sul'trl-nMii n.
I (sttm), «. [OF. mmty tome^ L. tnmtna, fr. wm-
mus highest, superl. fr. sub under.] 1. The aggregate
of two or more numbers, magnitudes, quantities, or par-
tioul^ ; amount. 2. Substance ; compendium. 3. Oom-
pletion ; utmost degree. 4. An arithmetical problem to
be solved, or example to be wrought out. — r. t. 1. To
bring together into one whole ; to cast up (a column of
figures) ; to ascertain the totality of. 2. To condense.
Syn. — To cask up ; coUect ; comprehend ; compute.
SU'nao \ (sD^mXk or shu'mSk), n. [F. sumae^ for-
SnllUUdl I merlv sumach ^ fr. Ar. summaqA [Written
also shumae j A shrub uaed in tanning, dyeing, medi-
cine, and in making Japan varnish, or lacquer.
SlUl'llttl-rlM (sQm'mi-riz), i'. t. To comprise in, or
reduce to, a summary ; to present briefly.
Smnllia-ry (•rf)^ a. [r. sommaire. See Sum.] 1.
Formed into a sum ; summed up ; reduced into few words ;
concise; compendious. 2' Quickly executed. — n. A
general or comprehensive stiteroent ; abridged accoimt ;
compendium. — SlUn'Oia-ll-lV (-m4-rT-lj^), adv.
Sum-matlOII, n. A summing ; an aggregate.
Svm'lim (sSm'roSr), n. [F. sommier a rafter, beast
of burden. See Sumftbb.] Stone or beam placed hori-
sontally on columns, piers, posts, etc.. serving for the lin-
tel of a door, commencement of a cross vault, girder, etc.
(SlUD'nitr, n. [AS. sumor ; sumer.'\ Season of the
year in which the sun shines most directly upon any re-
gion ; warmest period of the year ; north of the equator,
June, July, and August. — r. t. To pass the summer.
Bmn'mtt (-mTt), n. [F. sommfty dim. of OF. mm, jrftm,
top, ft. L. summnm. See Sum.] X. The top ; highest
point. 2. Highest degree : utmost elevation.
Snin'niOII (-mtin), v. t. [of. sumundrr.^ L. snmmonere
to give a hint ; sub -f monere to warn.] 1. To call or
cite ; to notify to come or appear. 2. To call upon to
surrender, as a fort .— 8lim'moa-«r, n.
Syn. — To cite ; notify ; convoke ; bid. See Call.
Biim'lllOllS (-mflns), n. ; pi. StniMOifsis (-9r.). [OF.
tumuns*.] 1. A summoning; call by authority to appear
at a place named, or to attend to some duty. 2. Legal
dtatlnn to annenr in eourt. 3. Dninand t^ surrender.
Sninpter (sflmp^r), n. [OF. sommetitr driver of &
pack horse ; jommtor pMk horse, L. sagmarUu^ fr. to^m^
pack saddle.] An animal that carriea paoka or bunlcBS ;
ba|nage horse. >* a. Carrying burdena on the bairic.
Simiptll-a-fy (sttmp'tt-t-iy ; 40), a. [L. Mm^aHM,
fr. sumcre^ sumptum^ to take, spend ; tub + cnterf to
buy.] Relating to expense; regulating expenditure.
•uBptoary laws or regnlatlees, Uwf Intended to pcerent
extravaguioe in apparel, food, furniture, etc
gnmpllHmi C-u*)t o. [L. sumptuosus^ fr. sumpius
expense.] Involving large expense; costly; Inxunoaa.
— 8llllUKtV-«lUi-l7. adv, — Sumpln-OttlhBtW, n.
Bus (sfin), n. [AS. sunne ; perh. f r. aame root aa L.
sol.} 1. The luminary whose light oonctitutee day, and
its absence night ; central body round which the earth
and planets revolve. 2. Direct light or warmth of Ute
sun ; sunsliine. ^v. t. To expoee to the smi*s rays ; to
warm or dry in the sun. [or rav of the sun. |
8lllllM«m' (slln'bSmOt »• [AA. sunnfbeim.l Ab
SqiiIw'IIM (-bOo^net), i». Projecting bonnet, ^
by women as a protection against the sun.
Snnlnini' (-oOmOt v> ^ To bum or discolor bv the
sun ; to tan. -^ n. Burning of the akin by the sun*s heet.
Bunf^J Hft: 2), n. [AS. sunnandmg; sumhc^ gen.
Yunnan, sun + fi^9 o^y-] V\m day of the week ; Lord'a
Day. — a. Pert, to Sunday.
Banday schod, achool for religious study on Buaday.
Syn. — See Samath.
BmafAw (-dSr), r. t. [AS. sumdrian^ fr. sumdor i
der. apart ] To disunite ; to sever. <-• n. Division.
8im'4ew' (-dSOi **. A low bog plant wboee loavon
have pediceled glands whioh se-
crete a viscid fluid that glitten
like dewdrops and attracts and
detains insects. After an insect is
caught, the glands curve inward
and the leaf digests it.
Snn'Jt'al (.dFol), n. Instm-
ment to show the time of day by
means of the shadow of a gnomon, ,
or style, on a plate. ^
Sim'dOWll' (-dounO« n. Sunset.
8im-drira(-drTz),n. p/. Many
small things ; sundry things.
Sim'dnr i-^rf)y a. [AS. «yii-
drig^ fr. sundor asunder.] Sever-
al; divers; various.
BanfUMlbf (-fTshOt n. A name . . , ,,
for fp«h U 1t.wrt.r flak of So-gj-,^/)™-^-
many spedes. ^'
Snn'IloWW (-flou'Sr), «. A plant whoee flower is a
large disk with yellow rays, turning to the sob.
- ^ • - of Snro.
of Snoc
ing on the bottom of ft liver
or other water ; sunk. [shaded ; ahadowed.l
SnnlMS (sttnlls), a. Destitote of the sun or its rays ; |
Snnligllt' (-ITf ), n. The light of the son.
Snn'ny (sfln'uj^), a. 1. Pert, to, proceeding from, or
like, the sun ; shining : bright ; radiant. 2. Sxpoaed to
the rayn of the sun. 3. Cheerful ; genial.
Son'rl^e' (-rizO» I n. 1. First appearance of the son
Snn'rls^lng, I in the momtng. 2. The east.
Snn'ter (-sSf ), ) n. 1. Descent of the sun below the
Sun'Sdt'tUlf , I horlson ; evening. 2> The west.
Snn'sblM^ T-shln'), n. 1. Light of the sun, or plaee
where It shhies: direct rays of the sun; Ught whieh
they ffive. 2. Warmth ; illumination ; brightuesi.
Snn'StroIra' (-strmcOv n. Any affection produced by
the action of the sun on the body; sudden prostration
occasioned by exposure to excessive heat, and often fatal
Snp (s&p), V. t. [AS. sQpnn.] To take (HqnM) hilo
the mouth with the lips ; to drink by a little at a time ;
to sip. » n. A small mouthful, as of liquor or broth ; sip.
•— v. i. To eat the evening meal ; to t^ke supper.
large aisx wicn yeuow rays, turn
Sou (sfing), imp. A p. p. of {
SlUll (sttnk)« imP' & p.p.ci\
Snnk'eil (siiQk'*n), o. Lying
&, 8, 1, 0, fl, long I it, e, I, ft, a, j^, short ; aentte, 3vent, tdea, Obey, Anite, ef^, Krm, dbk, «I1, flnoL
SUPERABLE
667
SUPERSTRUCTURE
mirar$ to tunnotitit, fr. super above, OTer.] Capable of
Mint ovOTOome or conquered ; sunnountaole.
Blfpttr-A-MUBA' C-A-bound'), r. i. To bo rery abundant
or exuberant; to be more than tufBcient. ^Bv'per-A-
bttXI'daJloe (-biin'dona), n.— 8tt'per-a-1lllB'dABt (-dont),
a. — Sll'ptr-«-bim'dABt-ly, adv,
Ba'par-atftt' (-U'). t>. /. To add over and above ; to
annex (something extrinsic). — Sn'per-Ad^lltlOII, n.
Bn'ptMUilllll-att (-Sn'tt-Et), V. /. [Pref . super- + L.
annus a year.] 1. To disqualify by age or Infirmity.
9. To five a pension to, on accouut of old age or otlier
iuflrmlty ; to cause to retire from service on a pension.
- Sifptr-aimti-Atloii, n.
8tl-MlV (sIk-pSrb'), a. [F. superbe^ L. superbus^ fr.
super!] 1. Grand ; magnificent ; stately. 2. tUch ; ele-
gant. 3. Bliowy ; excellent. •« Sn-ptttlly, <z<f v.
Sn'pMrHUUr'CO (-kilr'gft), n. Oue in a merchant ship,
who manages the commercial concerns of the voyage.
Bt^ptt-QOfl-QOM (-sTIT-Bs or -ylls), a. [L. supereUio-
JIM, f r. supercUium eyebrow, pride ; super -(- cUvum eye-
Ud-J Lofty with pride ; dictatorial ; arrogant. — SQ'pw-
•IliHmt-ly, adv. — 8a'ptr-olll-4rai-iMM, n.
Sll'per-domt-liailt (-d5mT-nant), n. Sixth tone of
the musical scale ; tliat next above the dominant.
8B'p6r-«al-]ltllt (-SmT-nent), a. Eminent in a su-
perior degree ; surpassing others. — 8a'p«r-6lllfl-lMllt-
ly, adv. — Sii'per-eiiil-neiio*, Sn^per-eml-nen-oy, n.
ihl'per-cr'O-ffate (-«r^-gat), v. f. [L. supererogare,
-ffotum^ to spend over and above ; super -f- trogare to
pay out money from the public treasury.] To do more
than duty requires ; to atone (for a deficiency in another).
— flrMT-cr^o-ga'tioo, n. — Sv'per-A-tog'a-tlTe (-s-
rBgf4-tTv),8ii'per-«-rora-to-]7 (-t^-rj^), a.
Wptr-trotf-lent (-Sk'sSl-Unt), a. Excellent in an
onoommon degree. — wpw-tX'oeMoiloe, n.
SO'per-fl'elal (-fTsh'al), a. l. Pert, to the superficies ;
lying on the surface ; shallow ; not deep. 2. Reaching
or comprehending only what is obvious ; not profound.
— 8«'per-fl'olal-l7, adv. — Bu'per-fl'oUl-iMM, n.
Slfper-fl'OlMI (-fTsh'Cs or -fTshT-Sx), n. [L. , f r. super
+ fades make, figure, shape. 1 The surface ; exterior
part, superficial area, or face of a thing.
Bn'pttr-fllM (-f!n), a. 1. Very fine ; of extra nice or fine
quality. 2. Excessively fine ; too nice : over particular.
SQ'per-nn'i-ty (-fiuT-ty), n. [L. superflnUas.} 1.
A greater quantity than la wanted ; superabundance.
2. The being superfluous ; excess. 3. Something beyond
what is needed ; something serving for show or luxury.
Byn. — Bupen^undance : excess; redundancy.
Ba-per^n-oilB (-pSKfltt-Iis), a. [L. superfluus over-
flowing ; super -\-fltiere to flow.] More than is sufficient ;
rendered unnecessary by superabundance ; excessive. —
Btt-pw^n-ooi-ly, fKfr. — Bn-per^fln-om-nMi, n.
Srn. — Useless ; exuberant ; redundant ; needless.
SlI'ptt-llll'BlAB (-hu'man), a. Above or beyond what
la human ; sometimes, divine. [something else. I
8«'p«r-lm-pOM' (-Tm-p9z0, r. t. To lay or impose on |
BA'par-ltt-eumlMlIt (-Tu-kam'beut), a. Incumbent
or resting on something else.
Bn'ser-In-Alioe' (-duy), v. t. [Pref. super- + induee.'\
To bring in, or upon, as an addition to something. —
Bb'par-faiHauotioii (-dfik'shttn), n.
Ba'per-ln-tMld' (-Tn-t8nd0, v. t. [L. superintendere.]
To have charge and oversight of ; to supervise.
8tl'p«r-lB-teild'eitt, a. Overseeing ; superintend Ing.
^n. One having oversiglit and direction of some place,
organization, institution, affairs, etc. — 8ll'p«r-itl-tMld'*
I'pw-ln-toiid'oii-oy (-^i-ay), n.
Byii. ^ Inspector ; overseer ; manager ; director.
ftl-p«M-or (-pS'rT-Sr), a. [L., compar. of sui
being above, fr. gtiper.'\ 1. More elevated in position;
upper. 8. Higher In rank or office ; more exalted in dig-
nf^. 3. Surpassing others in any quality ; greater in
4. Beyond the pow«r or infloMMM
too gr«at or firm to be affected bv ; — with i
qoantity or degree,
of; too gr«at or fi
More comprehansive, as a term in clafsifloation. — n.
1. One who surpaues another in rank, office, age, ability,
or merit. 8. Head of a monaateiy, convent, abbey, etc.
Bn-pe'rl-orl-ty (stt-pS'rT-Sra-tf), n. A being superior.
Syn.— Preeminence; excellence; predominancy ; prev-
alence ; ascendency ; odds ; advantage.
Bv-porOa-tlTe (-p8rnA-tTv), a. [L. superlativus, fr.
superiaius excessive, used as p. p. of superjerre, but f r.
different root.] 1. Lifted up to the highest decree ; sur-
passing all other ; supreme. 2. Expressing the highest
or lowest degree of the quality, manner, etc., denoted by
an adjective or an adverb. *n. 1. That which Is high-
est or most eminent ; utmost degree. 2. The superla-
tive degree of adjectives and adverbs ; also, a foim or
word by which the superlative degree is expresMd. —
8a-p0iru-tlv9-ly, adv. -Ba-ptrOa-tlTe-iMM, n.
Bv-per'lUl (-nal), a. [L. supemus^ fr. super.'\ 1.
Being in a hiffher place. 2. Celesthd; heavenly.
Sn'per-lia'tailt (su'pir-ni'tant), a. [L. supematans^
p. pr. of supematare to swim al>ove ; super -f- natare to
swim.] Swimming above ; floating on the surface.
Bn'per-natll-ial (-nit'fl-ral ; «}), a. Behig beyond
the powers or laws of nature; miraculous. — 8tt'p«r*
nat^-ial-ly, adv. — Bu'per-iuittii-iml-taai, n.
8yn. — SuraanATUBAL ; PairiBSATUBAL. — Preternat-
ural signifies beside nature, and supematuraU above or
frevondTnature. What is greatly aside from the ordinary
course of thines is pretemalural ; what* is above or be-
yond the established laws of the universe is supernatural.
Bn^per-nn'iiMr-a-ry (-nu'mSr-ft-rj^), a. [L. supemu-
merarius.l 1. ExcMding the number stated or pre-
scribed. 2. Exceeding a necessary, usual, or required
numl)er or quantity; superfluous.— n. 1. One beyond
the number stated. 2. One beyond what is usual ; one
enH>loyed to fill another's place in case of need.
wper-pOM' (-pSxOf v. t. 1. To lay upon. 2. To
lay (a geometrical figure) upon another so that all parts
of both cohicide. — Sll'ptr-pO-titloll (-p^-sTsh'fin), n.
Bn'per-SOlllM' (-skriV), v. t. [L. superscribere^ -serip-
tum; super -f scribere to write.] To write (a name,
address, inscription, etc.) on the top, surface, or cover,
of (anything). — Bn^Mr-wnip'ttoll (-skrlp'sh&n), n.
Bn'per-SMe' (-sSd'), v. t. [L. supersedere^ -sessunit
to sit above, be superior to, forbear; super -f sedere to
sit.] 1. To come in the room of; to replace. 2. To
set aside, and put another in place of. 3. To suspend ;
rtandii „ „ . .
superstore to stand over ; super -f stare to stand.] 1.
Excessive reverence for what is unknown or mvsterious.
2. Excessive rigor in religious opinions or practice ; a rite
proceeding from excess of scruples in religion. 3. VUsa
religion ; veneration for unworthy objects. 4. Belief in
the direct agency of superior powers in extraordinary
ev^^HtA, or hi inn^iCt oin(*mi, prognf^aMcB^ etc,
Myiu - BT'pait.sTiTSf>jc t Fjlsath um. — SuperstHfon
spimi^ from te]!i;;]Miin ff<t<1ijiK iiiiMllrpi't'fi) nr unenlight-
enf ■!. /''tiiKifiH^ni arifwi Irorn thin fiflint* filling in a watO
of liiijli-wroiiglit &nd H-lt^'CH^tidiriit ctrit^nninti
So p«r9tl'tlaD8 ('itlAlt'llLo^). ^'p 1. Pnrt, to, proceed-
in- ffi'iij, --r !>mihle«tju^, eup^'thtitioh. 3^ Over rigid In
rel'L-:..!!- ■»i<w?rvnnc***L (n)l ot ifMi- ncrujitf^ — Bll'par-
■tl'tioxiji ly. '^^^ So p*rHrUoiui-iiMi< n.
Bn per stra'tom \ -i^tTR'i am )> n . [NL. ] A stratum,
or liiV'T. uhi.i'r iinntlnT.
Sri Mr stnic'tjon ^-Mrflk'^htlnV n. \L. mperstruere
to ' ..buUd.] 1.
Sll'per-StniO'tlira (-ttr ; 40), n. 1. Structure or edi-
fice built on somethhig else ; that part of a building above
the basement. 2. The sleepers, rails, and fastenhoga, dia-
tins^. fr. the roadbed of a railroad.
ftsiae, ana put anocner in piace oi. a. xo suspena ;
;ay. — fiQ-ptf-B6'dim, BlI'ptf-Mfl'liMit *>•
rper-stition (-stTsh'&n), n. [L. superstition orig., a
ding still over a thing ; hence, wonder, dread, fr.
f8m, racont, 6rb, r^^da, fyll, Om, food, fcPbt, out, oti, elialr, go, sins, iQki
SUPERVENE
£58
SURD
Ete'per-THM' (tii'pSr-vSiiOT V. •'. [L. tupervenire,
jventum, to come- upon ; super -f venire to come.] To
come as somethinc additional or extraneous ; to happen
after sometliing elae ; to be added. — Bufyn-wm^wmt
(-▼Sn'yent), a. — Bu'V^-mftkom (-vSn'sbttn), n.
BWvn'TlMt^ (-vt>')t V. t. [Pref. super- + L. vuere to
look at attentively, intens. fr. videre^ vitum^ to see.] To
superintend : to inspect with authority. — Sn^par-Vf-
Hoo (-vTxh'ttn), n. — Sifper'Tte'or (-vis^), n. —Buf-
per-VTM-ry {'\Vzt-rf), a.
Sjrn. — Bee BuraauiTEND.
TO'pt-IIA'ttoll (aa'pI-iiS'shttn), n. [L. tupinare^ -na-
Aim, to beud backward, fr. supinu* supine.] A turning
the hand palm upward ; a lying with the face upward.
Sn-pIlM' (Hfll-pin'), a. [L. ntjMntM, akin to «it6 under,
super above.] 1. Lying on the back, or with the face
upward ; — opp. to prone. 2. Sloping. 3. Negligent ; in-
dolent ; listleak — Sn-pllMay, adv. — Sa-pilM^MM, n.
Sn'pIlM (su'pin), n. [L. supinum (sc. Terlmm\ fr.
tupinut; perh. because it rests or falls back, as it were,
on the verb.] A Latin verbal noun.
Snp^per (sQp'pSr), n. [OF. super^ orig. an infinitive,
to sup, take a meal. J A meal at the close of the day.
Snp'POT-lass, a. Having no supper.
8np-plJUlf (-pUnf), r. I. [L. supplantare to trip up
one's heels, to throw down ; tub -\-planta sole or the
foot, also, a sucker, slip, sprout.] 1. lo remove by strat-
agem ; to displace and take the place of ; to supersede.
8. To overthrow, or force away, in order to get a subeti>
tute for. — Snp-VUutt'fr, n. — Sop'^Uil-U'tioii, n.
Srn. — To remove ; displace ; undermine ; supersede.
Snp'ple (aQp'p'l), a. [F. touple^ fr. L. tupplex snp-
SlUnt, perh. orig., bending the knees. Cf. Bufiucatb.]
. PlUmt ; flexible ; easilv bent. 2. Yielding ; submis-
sive. 3. Bending to the humor of others ; obsequious.
Syn. — Pliant : compliant : flattering ; fawning ; soft.
— r. /. 1. To make soft and pliant ; to render flexible.
2. To make compliant or obedient. — Bnp^jpto-IMM, n.
Bnp^ple-meitt (-plt-mmt), n. [L. supplemetUum^ fr.
tuppfere to fill up.t 1* That which completes, or adds
to, something already arranged or set apart ; continuation
of a book or paper. 2. Number of degrees which, if added
to an nrr, make it \WP ; quactity by whfch an arc or an-
pl** falU ftSvort rtf Twr", nt At! mrt^ fnllji Jihortof ftftfTrft^frcle.
Syn* - AfPiE^emi : HrrpiBimEST. - Ati HiyxTutUt Is ap-
pended to aDDiethini;* ^nt U t\ot ah^ntinX tu iU I'Diu^^Eete-
Beni % Mipptrmrntjn tiiat wlili^h aiiuplemerits^ or K'fves
to comptinle, lb« to wlitt^h it \» aiMed.
«— r. t. To anpplv hy ndrlflirpTin : in aclti Anmcthhif^ to. —
Sup pie mon'Ul {-i^tfii/t-in, 8Qiiple^men''U rr (-t*-
rj I. Sup'ple tlTfl iM'If'tTvj, Suy'pLeto-ry i-^t-r^). a,
Bnp^ll ant i i n ^t i , n , ( K, , p. jjr. n f fUpTtiii^r tfl rti I reat,
\^ sup},hft^rf.'\ 1. A>.ki[jp^ P4rn«>><itly aii4 itybiiiiMiTAly ;
rnttfitijiff ; MiiH7»lndtiiiv:. 2- Mi,iiifp"tiiiiT p^atrMiy. —
n. A hiiiitbJi" ^wtltumer Su^pU-int-lf, Wf ■
!*yu. — Hp*pf«'liiTiif : lMn;L'ina : fcnt'l'lij'fttinc : lii^plnrlng.
Bap'plt r-rtTTi ■■ ^.-3- ■, ' tr.. ,...,,,..., .„VL.„. .i.i-aaU.
•i vely . — n . A suppiuut.
Snp'pll-oatt (-kfit), r. I. A I. [L. *i4pptieare, -eatufn.'\
1. To entreat for ; to ieek by earnest praver. 2. To en-
treat as a supplicant : to implore. — SviKpli-CfttlOll
(-ki'shflu), ». — Bnpl^-Oft-tO-rT (-k4-t«rf), a.
Syn. — To beseech ; entreat ; neg ; petition : implore ;
importune ; solicit : crave. Bee Bbsbbch.
Snp-plT' (pliO' *•• '• Co' older tupploy^ OF. nto-
rowr^ fr. L. supplere, -pleium ; mh -f Piere to flll.]
To flll up, or keep full to furnish with whiU is wanted.
2. To serve instead of : to take tlie place of. 3. To flll
temporarily ; to (terve as substitute for another In (a va-
cant place or ofllre). 4. To give ; to furnish. — a. 1.
A supplying. 2. That which supplies a want ; sufficiency
of things for use or want ; one who supplies the place of
another ; a substitute. — 8llP-^'«r, n.
Sap-port' (-pCrtO, f . t. [F. supporter ^ L. svpportare
to carry on, to convey, in LL., to mppofi* i
4- pc/'tort to carry.] JL To bear l^ being under ; to keep
from falling ; to uphold i to sustain. 2. To endon with-
out being overcome, exhausted, or changed in chanetcr.
3. To keep from fainting or sinking; to aadst; to «»-
courage ; todefend. 4. Toaaaume (the part of an actor) ;
to represent or act. 6. To maintain ; to provide for.
6. To carry on ; to maintain. 7. To verify ; to make
good ; to substantiate. 8. To aid ; to help ; to b^ck np.
Syn. — To maintain : endnre ; verify ; ne^ ; aaccafl ;
uphold ; nurture ; cheiiah ; assist ; forward.
— n. 1. A supporting or sustaining. 2. Prop; founda-
tion. 3. Subsistence ; maintenance ; assistancie ; raSn-
f orcement. — Sap-port'A-lito, o. — 8ap-port'«r, •-
-poa'A-Vto (-pOs'i-b*!), a. Capable of iMng anp-
or imagined to exist. [opinion: I
Sop-poa'al (-al), n. A suppoafaag ; a sappoaition ;|
Bap-POM' (-p5s0« V. t. [F. suppoter ; praf . sub- un-
der + poser to place ; — equiv. to L. suppomere, -posituw^
to put under, substitute, counterfeit.] 1. To imagine or
admit to exist, for argument or illustration ; to asenma
to be true. 2. To bcdieve. 3. To require to exist or ba
true ; to im|dy by laws of thought or of nature.— r. i.
To make aupposition ; to think. — Bvp-pOB^MT, •-
Sjn. — To imagine ; believe ; oonaioer ; view.
Sop'pO-MHIon (s&p'p^'sTshlin), n. [F. ; L. snpposUU
a placing under, aubatitotion, fr. supponere.l 1. A sap-
posing or considering as true what la known not to m
true, or what is not proved. 2. Hypotheab ; conjectote ;
opinion without evidence. — Slip'po-aillaiB-al (-^l), o.
Sop-WMl-titiOIHI (-pSs'T-tTsh'tts), a, [L. supposUi-
eius.] Fraudulently substituted for something elar ; spi>>
rioos; counterfeit. — 8op-pOii-tlftkNUI-lF, a<fr.
■tt¥e (-T-tTv), a. Implying supposition ; sop.
r.-^ a. A word implying supposition, as (^, pnraltap,
'provided ^ etc — 8w»-poal-ttV»-lF, adv.
Sop-prtM' (-priSsO, V. t. [L. supprhnere, -pressum ;
sub -f- premere to press.] 1. To overpower and crush ;
to subdue ; to put down. 2. To keep in ; to restrain
from utterance. 3. To conceal ; to prevent pubUcaticn
of. 4. To stop ; to restrain ; to arrest discharges of.
Syn. — To repress ; restrain ; put down ; orerthrow ;
overpower ; overwhelm : conceal ; stifle ; stop ; smother.
Snp-prea'liOll (-prSshOin), n. Asuppres^igfOrbelng
suppressed ; repression ; stoppage.
Syn. — Overthrow ; concealment ; obatmctlon.
8op-pnMlT0 (-prSsTv), o. Subduing; concealing.
8lip-prMa'0t(-er),n. rL.,hider.l One who snppreassa.
Slip'pa-rate (s&p^pfl-rlt), v. i. [L. suppuntre^ -ratum ;
sub -|- ptM, puriSf matter. Bee Ftw.1 To generate pqa.
Slip'PB-ntkm, n. 1. A suppurating. 2. Pus.
8lip^pa-rA-tlT0 (-rt-tTv), a. Tending to sappunte;
promoting suppuration, ^n, A suppurative medicine.
SVpn-mitll'dAlM (su'pri-mOn'cUui), a. Being abova
the world or above our system ; celestial.
fiQ-pnOM' (-prBm'), a. [L. supremus^ snpeil of nc-
perus that ia above, upper, fr. super.} 1. Highest in
authority, government, or power. 2. Most excellent or
extreme ; utmost ; greatest possible. — Ba-pWMif,
<ufr. — Sn-pram'A-oy (-pr8m'l-sy), a.
Sv'ftll (8<R/ri), n. A soft twilled tfk fabric naed fbr
women's dresses ; — called also surah silk.
Sn'nd (sfKral), a. [L. sura calf of the leg.] PMt. to
the calf of the leg.
Sm^bOO' (sOrOtis'}, a. [Pref. sur- + base.} 1. A
cornice on the top of the base of a pedestal, podium, etc
2. Molding running round a room on a level with the
tops of the chair backa.
Bnr-oharve' (-chiirjO, v. '.
[F. sarcAarper. BaeSim-^
and CrabosT] To overload ; to overburden ; to over^
charge. «> n. An overcharge ; excessive load or burden.
Sm'OlB'Kle (-sTQ^gM), n. [OF. sursangle.} A bett
»r girth passing over ji saddle.
mord (sQrd), a.
[L. surdus deaf (whence the maanlag,
Ki S, 1, 9, «, long I A, #, 1, «, «, t» ■bon I SMftta, 3v«rt, tdM, ebty, OBlta, oAia, llrm, A^ §11,
SURE
559
SURVEYORSHIP
Sor'yUM (idi'plTs), n. [OF. turpelit, LL. mperpeUi-
cium; super over -^pdlieium robe of fur, L. peUicius
uiade of skins.] White outer nrment of clergy of the
Boman Catholic, Episcopal, and other churches.
SWpllu (-pliis), n. [F.,fr. ntr+p/tMtnore.] That
which remains when use is satisfied ; excess ; overplus,
—a. Being a surplus ; more than sufllcient.
Sur^lUHIff* (-tj), n. 1. Surplus; excess ; overplus.
2. Matter in legal pleading which is not necessary to the
case, and mav be rejected. [prised ; surprise. I
Sor-pils'al (-priz'al), n. A sqrprising, or being sur-|
Snr-prtae' (-priaOi »• ['• «irprw, fr. surprendret
surpris; tur -\- prendrt to take, Lt.prehenderr.} 1. A
coming upcm, or taking, unawares. 2. A being surprised,
or talun unawares, by somathing sudden and strange.
3. Anything that causes such emotion.
Syn. — Wonder; astonishment: amaiement.
«> r. t. 1. To come upon suddenly ; to capture by unex-
pected attack. 2. To strike with wonder or ccuilusion,
by something sudden or remarkable. 3. To. lead (one)
to do something without forethought.— Sor-piteillff, a.
Batn-lmV (sfir/rt-bfif), v. i, [Pref. nir- -f rebui.}
To reply, as a plaintiff to a defendant's rebutter.
Botn-tminn, n. PlaintifTs reply to a rebutter.
BfU^n-fda.' (-T#-JofajOf ^' *■ IPret. tur- -\- rejoin."]
To reply, as a plaintiff to a defendant's rejoinder.
Batn-i0iBf6mt n. Plaintiff's answer to a rejoinder.
Snr-ran'dMT (-rSu'dSr), v.t. & t, [OF. mrrendre to
deliver; snr -}- rendre to render.] 1. To yield to the
power of another ; to give up (anything) upon compul-
sion or demand. 2. To yield ; to resign. — n. A yielding
one's person, or poesession of somethinR, into another's
power. — Snr-iwi'dMr-er (-^r), Snr-ren'oer-or' (-dr'), n.
Svr^rep-titlOIUi (-rSp-tlsh'fiB), a. [L. surrepfitius,
or subreptUius^ f r. turriptres subripere^ to snatch away ;
tub- -f- rapere to snatch.] Done by stealth, or without
authority ; made fraudulently ; claudestiue ; stealthy.
Su'IO-gAte (slir'rft-gtt), n. [L. surrogarf, subro-
gartj -gatum, to put in another's place, to substitute ;
tub -f rogare to aisk, ask for a vote, propose a law.] 1.
A deputy ; delegate ; substitute. 2. An officer charged
witli the probate o' wills and settlement of estates.
Snr-roillld' (-round'), v. t. [OF. suronder to over-
flow, LL. tuperundare ; f r. L. super over -f nndarn to
overflow, fr. unda wave. The English sense is due to E.
round.'\ 1. To inclose on all sides ; to encircle. 2. To
inclose (troops, etc.) between hostile forces, cutting off
communication or retreat ; to invest (a city).
8yn.— To encompass; environ; invest; hem In. .
Snr-romidlll^, o. inclosing; encircling.— n. 1. An
encompassing. 2. pt. The things which surround or en-
viron ; external or attending circumstances or conditions.
Svr-flSlId (sQr-sSlTd), n. The 6th power of a number.
Snr-VOOt' (H(lr-t65f ; F. syr^tCSO, n. [F., fr. sur over
-|- lout all.] Coat worn over other garments ; overcoat.
Snr-veil'lAlloe (sQr-val'yans or .valons), n. [F., fr.
surveilter to watch over ; sur 4- veiller to watch, L. vigi-
lare.] Oversitrlit ; watch ; supervision.
Snr-Toy' (sdr-vi'), v. t. [OF. turveoUr; sur -f- veoir
to see, L. videre.} 1. To Inspect, or take a view of ; to
overlook. 2. To view scrutinizingly. 3. To examine
snd ascertain the state of. 4. To determine the form,
extent, position, etc., of (a tract of land, coast, liarbor,
etc. ), by linear and angular measnrem.-^nts.
Sm/Tey (sfti/vt or sOr-vi'), n. 1. A surveying; a
general view, as from above. 2. Examination of aU the
partictilars of a thing, to ascertain its condition, quantity,
or quality. 3. The finding the contour, dimennons, po-
sition, etc., of (part of the earth's surface); measured plan
of any portion of country, or of a road or line through
it. — Snr-Teyor (-Sr), n. — Snr-vsy^or-slilp, n.
Snr-TeylnSt »• Mathematical art or process of de-
termining tlie area of any portion of the eartli's surface,
the bounding lines, contour of the surface, etc.
fim, raoaat, Orb, r||d«, fyU, ttm, food, fdbt, out, oil, ehah-, (o, sins, l||k, then, thin.
deni to reMon, imtioQal).] 1. Orig., deaf. [06«.]
% Involving siuds; not capable of bdng expressed in
rltional numbers ; radical ; irratioDaL 3. Uttered with-
out tone, or proper vocal sound ; voiceless ; nonvocal ;
atonic ; whispered ; aspirated ; sharp; hard, as /, p, «,
etc ; — opp. to Mmant.^-n. 1. A quantity which can
not be expressed by rational numbers ; thus, V2 is a
surd. 2. A said element of speech.
Sim (sh]|r), a. [OF. jefir, L. seeurus ; se aside, with-
out -(- eura care.] 1. Certainly kiu>wiug and believing ;
oonfldent. 2. Certidn to find or retain. 3. Fit to be
depended on; enduring. 4. Safe; secure. —adv. In a
sun manner ; certainly. — SwolF, adr. — Svn'IMM, n.
» be sare, or Be sue, certainly ; without doubt. — To
autke sve, to make certain ; to secure so that there can
be no failure.
Syn. — Certain ; infallible ; safe ; firm ; steady ; stable ;
strong ; secure ; indisputable ; confident ; positive.
dttn^-fOOt'^a (-fdet'Sd), a. Not liable to slip or faU.
Bnnty (-ty), n. ; ^. Surstus (-tTz). 1. A being
sure ; certunty ; security. 2. That which makes sure ;
ground of confidence. 3. Security against loss or damage ;
security for payment, or for performance of some act. C
One bound with and for another who is primarily liable,
and who is called the principal ; one who engages to an-
swer for another's appearance in court, his payment of
a debt, etc ; bondsman ; bail. — Sim^ty-fllllp, n.
Son (sfirf), f». [Prob. same word as sough.] Swell of the
tea breaking upon the shore, esp. upon a sloping beach.
flnxfAM^ (^r'fte' ; 2), n. [F. See Sua-, and Face.]
1. Exterior part of anything that has length snd breadth ;
one of the limits botmding a solid, esp. the upper face ;
superficies; outside. 2. Outward appearance. 3. Geo-
metrical magnitude that haa length and breadth without
thickness. — v. /. To give a smooth or plain surface to.
Snrfitt (-fTt), n. [OF. sur/aii excess, arro^fance,
crime, fr. sur/aire to augment, examerate ; sur over +
/aire to make, do, L. faeere.] 1. ISccess in eating and
drinking. 2. Fullness of the system. 3. Disgust caused
by exciBss ; satiety. — v. i. & /. To cloy.
Sure* (sfirj), n. [L. surgere^ surreetum^ to raise, to
rise ; stU> -f- regere to direct.] A large wave or billow ;
rolling swell of water. — v. i. 1. To swell ; to rise high
and rolL 2. To slip along a windlass.
SVgMn (sQr'jQu), n. [OF. surgien, oontr. fr. cAi-
rurgien. See Suboirt.] One who practices surgery.
Snffer-F (-j8r-y), n. [of. drurgie, L. cMrurgia,
Gr. x^tftoufiY^^i X**iP **•"<* + 'Pyw work.] 1. Art of
healing by umiH«l operation ; cure of wounds, fractures,
tumors, etc. 2. A surgeon's operating room or labora-
tory. — Sm'sl-oal, a.
Sin^-lF (-IT-lj^)* odr. In a surly manner.
Snr'U-IMM, n. The being surly.
flnr'lolll' (-lobiO* n. [F. surlonge ; sur upon -|- longe
loin.] Loin of beef ; upper part of the loin. See SiKLonr.
Bdl'if (-ly), a. [Prob. fr. «V, and orig. meaning, sir-
liie^ i. e.. proud.l Gloomily morose ; abrupt aud rude.
glir-nUM' (-mfxO, n. [OF. surmise accusation, fr. sur-
mettre to impose, accuse ; sur + mettere to put, set, L.
mUtere to send.] A thought or conjecture based upon
•canty evidence; suspicion; guess. » v. /. To imagine
without certain knowledge ; to infer on slight grounds.
gnr-mouit' (-mounf), v. t. [OF. surmonter; sur +
monter to mount.] 1. To rise above ; to be higher than.
2. To conquer ; to overcome. 3. To surpass ; to exceed.
~8iir-aMmiit'a-U«, a.~8iir-iiioiiiit'er, n.
flvrfDABM' (gfir'nSm'), n. [F. sttmom.} A name or
appellation added to the baptismal or Christian name ;
mnily name. — r. t. To give a surname to.
Bvr-ptmM' (-p*V), r. t. [F. surpasser ; sur -f- passer
to pass.] To go beyond in anytliing good or bad.
syn. — To exceed ; excel ; outdo ; outstrip.
r-pUM^-Ua, a. That may be surpassed, [others. I
" Eminently excellent ; exceeding!
SURVIVAL
660
SWALLOW-TAILED
BfB'WiWtl (dir-viv'al), n. 1. A tumnng another
perMMi, tiling, or ereut. f . A bftbit, uiage, or belief,
ntnudniug from ancient timet.
8lir-Yi¥t' (-viv'), r. t. [F. rurvivn^ L. supenHvere ;
super 4" vivere to live.] To live beyond the life or ex-
istence of; to outlive; to outlut. — v. •'. To remain
alive ; to continue to live. — Sor-Ttv'or (-Sr), n.
Sv-YlT'or-flklp, n. 1. Tbe being a survivor. 2.
Bight of one havi^ a Joint interest in an estate to take
the whole estate apon the death of tbe otiier.
Bw-oep'tt-U* (s&s-«S[/tT-bn), a. [F., fr. L. wKt-
p&re^ -ceptum^ to take up, undertake, admit ; su*- (for
«u6-) -{- capere to take.! 1. Capable of iwlmittlng change ;
readily acted upon. %, Having nice seusibility : sensi-
Uve. ~8wH)0p'ti-bl«-liaM, SlUHMp'tl-Mll-ty, n.
8lU-«ep^Tt (-tTv), a. Susceptible.
flVS-peot' (-pOtf), N. [L. sujtpectutf p. p. of tuspi-
e€r€ to look up, admire, to look at secretly, to mistrust ;
tub -j- tpecere to look.] An object of suspicion ; — applied
to persons suspected of crime. — r. /. 1. To imagine to
ekist ; to mistrust ; to surmise, f . To imagine to be
guilty, without proof. 3. To doubt; to mistrust; to
distrust, —r. i. To imagine guilt ; to be suspicious.
8no-p6Bd' (-pSntl'), r, t. [L. tuMendfre^ -pentum ;
pref. tiiM- (m6-) -f- pmdere to hang. J 1. To attach to
something above ; to hang. 8. To cause to cease for a
time ; to interrupt ; to delay ; to stay. 3. To hold in an
ondeoided state. 4. To debar temporarily from any
privilege, execution of an office, enjoyment of income,
etc. D. To support in a liquid, as an insoluble powder,
by stirring, to fscilitate chemical action.
Syn.— To hang ; delay ; intermit ; hinder ; debar.
— v. i. To cease from operation or activity ; to stop
payment, or be unable to meet obligations.
ihw-pand'tr, n. One that suspends ; one of a pair of
braces worn over the shoulders, to hold up the trousers.
SW-pMIM' (-pSus'), n. [F. tutpfns^ L. $tupen*us,
p. p. of suspendert.'] 1. A being suspended ; uncertainty,
with anxiety or apprehension. 2. Stop ; pause.
Bvs-ptn'SllMI (faOs-pCu'sblin), n. [F. ; L. ttupentio
arched work, imperfect pronunciation.]^ 1. A suspend-
ing, or being suspended ; pendency. 2. Temporary delay,
interruption, or cessation (of labor, pain, judgment, opin-
ion, payment, execution of law, etc.). 3. State of a solid
when its particles are mixed with, ont undissolved in, a
fluid, and are capable of separation by straining.
' 1 bridge, a bridge supported by chains, ropes.
Niw York »nd Brooklyn Suspension Bridj^e.
or wires, which nsually pass over high piers or columns
at each end, and are secured in the ground beyond.
Ctal-pmi'SO-iy (-s^-r^)* n. Suspended ; suspending ;
dependimr. — n. Tliat which suspends ; a bandage.
Svs-pl'oiOll (-pTflliHSn), n. [L. 8uspicio.'\ 1. A sns-
rting ; apprehension of sometliing without evidence.
Sliarlit d«Mrree ; snirirMtion ; hint. [ro//oy.]
Syn.— Jealousy ; distrust ; mistrust ; diffidence ; doubt.
Bns-Vi'OlOlU (-pTnli'lin), n. 1. Inclined to suspect.
2. Indicating wisplrion, mistrust, or fear. 3. Liable to
suspicion : tricing reason to imagine ill : qnentlonable.
Srn. — Distrustful : quentionaWe. See Jealous.
Bao-pire' (-plf), r. i. [L. nispirare to breathe out,
to sigh ; glib -f- itpirnre to breathe.] To fetch a long,
deep breath ; to Ptgh. — Siurpt-ra'tioil, n.
Bvs-tAlB' (sfts-tinO, r. /. [OF. fustmir, L. tustinere ;
9UM' -f- tmert to hold.*, 1. To keep from falliiw; to
bear ; to support. 2. To keep from siuklngi as ui de-
spondence, etc. 3. To maintain ; tc nourish. 4> To aid
or relieve ; to vindicate, ft. To endure ; to bear op under.
6. To suffer; to undergo. 7. To admit as valid; to
sanction ; not to dismiss or aU;te. 8. To prove ; to cod-
firm. — Bns-tAln'A-lito, a. ^ Bn^-UlB'fr, n.
Baste-aaBM (-tt-nans), n. [OF. nsienanee; ct, L.
Muttinentia endurance.] 1. A suvtainiug; support. 2-
That which supports life ; food ; means of liring.
Bu'ttn-tll'tlBB (-t«n-tC's]ifin), n. [L. tuMtentaiio, fr.
nulentare to support, v. intens. fr. tuHinrre.} A custain-
ing, or being sustained : support ; suctenance.
ButlMr (^t'i^r), n. [D. toetHaar.'^ One who foDows
an army, and sells to the troops provisions, liquors, etc
B«t-tM' C-ti'), n. [Skr. so/I faitliful wife, fem. of
gant existing, real, true.] 1. A Hindoo widow who im-
molates herself on her husband's funeral pile. 2. Tbe
burning a widow on her husband's funeral pQe. [India]
Bn'tim (su'tftr ; 40), n. [L. tutura, fr. suere^ #v/wm,
to sew.] 1. A sewing; line along which two parts are
sewed together, or united in a seam. 2. (a) The uniting
parts of a wound by stitching, {b) Stitch uniting the
parts. 3. Line of union, or seam, hi an immovable ar-
ticulation. — Bn'tsr^d, a.
Bn'JM-raln (-Z4r-rfin), n. [F., formed fr. nu above, L.
irumm, ftsmim (fr. sub -f rrrmm, p. p. of vtriere to
turn) ; cf. souveraiu, K. sarern'an.'} A superior lord, to
whom fealty is due. — Bn'JM-nUll-ty i'^f)y **•
Bmib (sw5b), r. t. [D. ticabbertn to swab, 8w. steh
a swab, «rtfMa to swab.] To clean with a mop or s«-ab.
«> n. 1. If op for cleaning floors, decks of vessels, etc.
2. Bit of sponge, cloth, etc., fastened to a handle, for
cleansing the mouth of a sick person, applying medica-
ments to deep-seated parts, etc. [Spelt also nro6.]
BWftd'dlt(sw9dMUn. [AS. jnr^^t/.] Anythuigusad
to swaddle with ; a swaddling band. — r. t. To swathe.
■waddUftf baa4, BwaddliBS cloth, band or cloth wrapped
round an infant, esp. round a newborn Infant.
BWAC (swig), r. t. [Icel. sregoja to bend, to sway.]
1. To sway ; to swing. 2. To Kink down by its weight ;
to sag. — fi. 1. A swaying, irregular motioD. 2. ▲
thief.'s booty ; boodle. {JBlang]
Bwag* (swij), n. A tool for shaphig metal work, by
strikiug with a sledge, —v. t. To shape (iron) by fordnf
it into a groove or mold having the required shape.
Bwaf'Sfr (swIg'^Sr), v. i, [Fteq.
of swag.] 1. To walk with a swaying
motion: to walk and act pompously.
2. To brag noisUy ; to bluste; ; to bully.
— n. Conduct of a swaggerer. —
BWAf'SMT-tr, n.
SWMf'I7(-«y)»«- SlnWng.banfinf.
or leaning by its weight.
Gwxln (««lu), h, [AS, fjran f«r-
vaiit.] A yciiiiLjE ruatk ; {xiMiniry gal"
lant ur hwj : — tiiletiv in pfielfy.
S Waia ( *-* ftl ) » w. [I i*L sriitr coal ]
A ralley or tract of l '^^ . and unwilty wet, Imn^: tnoor; fvo,
Bwalt, r. t. <S: /. Tm tut' it nttj wast^ avay ; to sJagA,
BwallOW (swSl^: I, IF. [AB, irtrHjJ^ft*,] AfwueJine
bird of numerous sp^. irn^ bavtitg a swin^ graceful CigLL
BwallOW, r. <. AS. fW'r/^'^«.] 1. To Ukc iiitu ttM
stomach through th^' L-ultcr, i>r Moptwpui. 2. To draw
into an abyss or gulf ; to sb»rpi-b. 3, To receive (r-pln
ions) without examnnTJ.vii it nrniplM. 4. T.i i^njmis;
to appropriate. 6. 1. -^ — i ..i^le; to cjihaubli !•
consume. 6. To retract ; to recant (oneV opinions, etc.).
7. To put up with ; to bear without retaliation.
Syn. — To imbibe ; engross ; consume. See Absobb.
— n. LA swallowing. 2. The gullet, or esophagus;
throat. 3. As mucli as can be swallowed at once.
Swaiaow-taUod' (tSldO, a. 1. Having a tafl like
S, 8, f , o, f1, long : ft, «, f , A. fi, :^i short ; asnftte, tvent, tdea, Obey, Unite, cAre, isrm, Ask, nil, finoL
SWAM
561
SWELL
that of a awsllow ; having luurrow and tapering •kirU ;
aa, a sicallouh4aiUd coat. 2. United bj dovetailing.
Bwani (awim), imp. of Swin.
SWUBP (sw6nip)f n. [Cf. AB. itram a fungus, Dan.
awampt Or. oo^^ porous, spongy.] Wet, spongy land.
— «. /. 1. To sink into a swamp. 2. To cause (a boat)
to All with water; to oapaixe or nnk. 3. To plunge into
difBoulties; to wreck.— v. i. 1. To sink or stick in a
swamp; to become involved in insuperable difBculties.
5L To founder ; to be mined.
SwiUDp'y (-j^)t a. Consisting of swamp ; like a swamp.
Bwah (aw5u), n, [A8.1 A large aquatic bird, like
the goose, but handsomer, larger, and stronger.
Swah ■'-down' (swOna'doun^), or SwaiWdOWB', n.
1. The down, or fine, soft feathers, of the swan. 2. Soft,
tliick cloth of wool mixed with silk or cotton.
Swan'Sldll' (sw5n'»UIn^), n. 1. Skin of a swan with
the down on. 2. A soft flannel, thick and warm.
Swap (swSp), V. t. [OE. stcappen to strike ; cf. E. to
strike a bargsin.l To exchange.— n. An exchange; a
barter. iCoihgA [Written also swop.']
Sward (sw^nn, n. [AS. sweard skin, covering.]
Grassy surface of land ; turf. — r. /. To turf.
Swara (avvftr), imp. of SwxAE. iObs. or Poetic]
Swarm (sw}H^m), r. t'. To climb a tree, pole, etc., by
embracing it With arms and legs. See Shik. ICoitog.l
Bwami, n. [AS. twearm.'] 1. A large number of small
animals or insects, esp. when in motion. 2. A great num-
ber of honeybees emigrating from a hive at once, to seelc
new lodgings under the direction of a queen ; body of bees
settled in a hive. 3. Multitude, aa of people in motion,
or of inanimate objects, — r. i. 1. To leave a hive in a
body ; —said of bees. 2. To collect in a crowd. 3. To
be throomd with a multitude of beings in motion. 4. To
be filled (with). — v. t. To throng.
Swart (swart), Bwartli (sw^rth), Swarth'y (-y), n.
[AS. suwirt black ; akin to D. twart^ G. sehtoarx ; cf. h.
sorde* dirt.] Of a dark hoe ; dusky ; tawny. — Swarth'-
14r» adv. — Swartli'i-iiaaa, n. — Swart^tss, n.
Swaall (awOsh), v. i. [Prob. imitaUve.] 1. To dash
or flow noisily, as water. 2. To bluster; to brag.— n.
1. A spla^dng of water. 2. Narrow channel of water
within a sand bank ; bar over which the sea washes.
Swath (swfith), 11. [AS. swaSu track, trace.] 1. A
line of grass or grain cut and thrown togetlier by the
scythe. 2. Whole sweep of a scvtbe or machine, in mow-
ing or cradling. 3. A band or tlllet ; swathe.
BwatlW (awitfa), V. I. [AS. tweSian.] To bind with
a swathe. — n. A bandage ; band ; swath.
Sway (swi), V. t. [Icel. sveigja, akin to E. neing.']
1. To move with the hand ; to swing ; to wield. 2. To
direct ; to rule. 3. To cause to incline or swing to one
side, or backward and forward ; to bias ; to warp. 4. To
hoist (yards of a ship). — r. i. 1. To lean ; to incline.
2. To swing from side to side, or backward and forward.
3. To have weight or influence. 4. To govern. — n. 1. A
swaving ; swinging motion ; swing or sweep of a weapon.
2. Rule ; domUiion ; control.
Swaal (swSl), V. i. [AS. swelan.l To melt and run
down, as the tallow of a candle. [Written also swale."]
Swtar (swftr), r. C limp. Sworb (sw5r), formerly
SwAKB (swfir) ; p. p. Sworh (8w5rn) i p. pr. & vb. n.
SwBAEiKO.] [AS. swerian.'] 1. To utter a solemn dec-
laration, with an appeal to God for the truth of what is
afllrmed ; to make a promise, threat, or resolve on oath.
2. To give legal evidence on oath. 3. To appeal to God
irreverently; to curse. «> v. /. 1. To affirm with appeal
to God for the truth of the declaration ; to make (a
promise, threat, or resolve) under oath. 2. To adminis-
ter an oath to (a witness, a Jury, an officer, etc.). 3. To
declare or clun^ upon oath. — Swoar'er, n.
Swaat (sw?tf, V. i. [imp. & p. p. SwBAT or Sweated
(Oft*. Swat (swot)); p. pr. & vb. n. Swbatiwo.] [A8.
swMtanj fr. nrA/, n., sweat; akin to L. stuior sweat, su-
dart to sweat.] 1. To excrete moisture from the porea
of the skin ; to perspire. 2. To work hard ; to drudge.
3. To emit moisture, as green plants in a heap.— v. /.
1. To cause to perspire. 2. To exude. 3. To unite by
heating, after applyins solder. — 1». 1. Pers|»inition. 2. A
sweating; labor; toU; drudgery. 3. Moisture issuing
from grain in a stack, etc.
Swaaf «r (swSt^r), n. 1. One who sweats. 2. That
which causes to sweat ; a sudorific.
BwmXy (-y), a. 1. Moist with sweat. 2. Consist-
ing of, or like, sweat. 3. Causing sweat; toilaome.
Swada (swSd), n. TG. Sehwede.] 1. An inhabitant
of Sweden. 2. A Swedish tuniip.
Swedlah (swSd^sh), a. rert. to Sweden or its in-
habitants. — n. Language of the Swedes.
Sweep (swSp), V. L [AS. swapan. See Swoop.] 1.
To pass a broom acroaa (a surface) so aa to remove loose
dirt, dust, etc. 2. To remove by bmahing. 3. To brush
against or over ; to rub lightly along. 4. To carry with
a long, swinging, or dragging motion, or in a stately
fashion. 6. To drag (a ne^ etc.) over (the b<^tom of a
river, etc.). 6. To traverse, with the eye or with an in-
strument of observation. -• v. i. 1. To dMu* away dust,
dirt, litter, etc., with a broom, brush, etc. 2. To brush
swiftly over the surface of anything ; to move in a state-
ly manner. 3. To pass over anytung oomprehenaively ;
to range through rapidly. —n. 1. ^le act of sweepixw.
2. Ringe of a stroke. 3. Compass of any turning body
or of any motion. 4. Violent and general destruction.
6. Direction of a curve, road, arch, etc., away from a
rectilinear line. 6. One who sweeps ; chimney sweeper.
7. A pole swinging on a tall post, to raise and lower a
bucket in a well for drar/ing water. — Sweep'er, n.
Sweeping a. Cleaning off surfaces, or deuing away
dirt or litter, aa a broom does ; moving swiftly ; curying
everythbig before it ; comprehensive. [ing ; rubbish. T
Sweepinga (-Tngs), n. pL Things collected by sweep- 1
Sweep'atake' (-atuO. *»• A winning of aU the stakea.
Sweep'atakaa' (•stiks'), n. 1. A winning of aU the
stakes or prises ; sweepstake. 2. sing, or pi. Entire
amount sti^ed at a horse race, a given sum being put up
for each horse, all of which goes to the winner. 3. A
race for all the prises offered.
Sweet (sw8t), a. [AS. suite; akin to L. suaris^ for
suadviSf Gr. ^vf .] 1. Having agreeable taste or flavor ;
saccharine; — opp. to sour and bitter. 2. Pleasing to
the smell ; fragrant 3. Pleasing to the ear ; soft ;
melodious ; harmonious. 4. Pleanng to the eye ; fair.
6. Fresh ; not salt or brackish. 6. Not changed from
a sound state; not sour, stale, putrescent, or rancid.
7. Pleasing to the mind; gentle; amiable; winning.—
n. That which Is sweet, pleasing, or gratefuL— ocftf.
Sweetly. — SweeHT, adv. — Sweefaeaa, «.
Sweetliread' (swSta>H$d'), n. The pancreas.
Sweeftei'er (-brfSr), n. A kind of rose with minute-
ly glandular and fragrant foliage.
Sweet'en (swSf 'n), r. /. l. To make sweet, pleasing
or grateful, mild or kiud. 2. To make pure and salubri-
ous, or warm and fertile. 3. To restore to purity. — v.i.
To become sweet. — Sweet'en-er, n.
Sweefheart' (-hlrt/), n. A lover or mistrees.
Sweetens, n. 1. A sweet apple. 2. A darlfaig.
SweeflU, o. Somewhat sweet. [a confection. I
Sweefmoat' (-mSt'), n. Fruit preeerved with sugar : |
Swell (swCl), V. i. [imp. SwsLLBD (swQd); p. p.
SwsLLiD or SwoiiLBN (swS'^n) ; p. pr. & vb. n. Swaur
XMoJ [AS. swellan.'i 1. To grow larger ; to dilate.
2. To increase in sLse or extent, or hi volume or force.
3. To rise into waves ; to heave. 4. To be puffed up or
Inflated, turgid, bombastic, or extravagant. 6. To bulg^.
B. To act pompously or arrogantly ; to strut. — r. I. 1.
To increase the idxe of. 2. To aggravate ; to heightm.
3. To puff up ; to inflate. 4. To augment gradually in
musical force or loudneas. — n. 1. A swelling. 2>
ffm, recent, 6rb, r||da, f ^ ttm, fdbd, ftfbt, out, oil, chair, (o, sixiB, iQk, then, thin.
36
SWELLING
562
SYCAMORE
Gradual increue in bulk, height, forcA, or Yolnme of
•oonds power in rtyle, or ■botorical force. 3. A wmve,
or billow ; roll of the tea. 4. A gradual increase and
decreaee of the volume of aouud ; the crescendo and di-
minuendo'combined ; — generally indicated by tlae sign.
S. A dandy. [Slang} — a.
Showy j dandiiied; dUUn-
Bwtlllnf (>w61^ng),n.
1. Act of that which awella. 2. A prominence; an
unnatural bodily protuberance ; tumor.
8w«l^«r (-tir), r. i. [AS. sureUan to die.] To be
orercome and faint with l)eat.
Swoyt (»w»pt), imp. & p. p. of SwMP.
Swtrr* (swanr), v. i, [as. tweorfan to wipe off, file,
- - • it line; to deviate.
tdbtance
polish.] To go out of a straight line ; to deviate.
8wltt (swTft). a, [A8.1 1. Moving a great db
in a short time ; fleet ; rapid ; quick ; prompt. 2. Of short
continuance ; passing away quickly. — ».
sembling the swallow, but
belonging to a group allied
to the humming birds. 2.
A llsard of several species.
- swiftay, atf ».— swm'-
1. A bird re-
8wlr(swTg),r.r. [Cf.
D. tncelgen to swallow.]
To drink in long draughts ;
to gulp.— n. 1. A long
draught. ICoUog.l 2. A
tackle with ropes wliich
an not oarallel.
SwSlTswTi), V, t. & i.
[A8.nri/ian.] 1. To drink
greedily. 2. Toinebriat<>.
— n. L Wash given to
swine. 2. Large draughts
of liquor. — Swlll'er, n.
Swim (swim), V, i.a Enropenn Swift (Cm, ft hi*, or
[imp. Swam (swim) or Miri-ni^*, n„»*) -. b Amt-ncnn
Swum (swttm); p. p. Swum : t'i>«."«nty Swiit (Ch^ttHm i«-
D. pr.& vb. ;.^WiMMiNO.] *"<""•>•
AS. sirimmnn.} 1. To be supported by water or other
Juid ; to float. 2. To move in water by strokes with
the limbs, hands and feet, or fins or talL 3. To be over-
flowed or drenched. — r. f. 1. To pass over or on by
swimming. 2. To cause to swim ; to make to float. —n.
1. A swimming; gliding motion. 2. Sound, or air
bladder, of a ftsh. — BwlmUlMr, n.
Swim, V. i, ^AS. swlma diszinesa.] To be diisy.
Swlm'mlng-ly, nWr. In an easy, gliding maimer, as
if swimming; smoothly; successfully; prosperously.
Swln'dle (swTn'dM), v. /. To defraud, — n. A cheat.
Swin'dlcr (-dl8r), n. [O. schfcindleTy fr. xrhtrivdfln
to be dissy, to act thoughtlessly, to cheat, fr. schwind^l
dizziness.] One who swindles ; a cheat.
8yn. — SwnrDLBR : Shartsr ; rogue. - A siHndfer ob-
tiins money or goods under false pretenses. A M trj**^
cheaU by sharp practice, as in pUying at cards or stak-
ing what he can not pay.
Swine (swin), n. ting. & pi. [AS. ncJn ; orig. a dim.
corresp. to B. soiv.} Any animal of the hog kind. Tlie
male is called boar, the female, sow, and the yotmg, pig.
Swlneiind' (-hSrdOi n. A keeper of swine.
Swlne'-poZ' (-pSks'), n. A variety of chicken pox.
Swing (swing), r. i. [imp. A p. p. Swuno (Rwflnir) :
archaic imp. Swano (swiSng) : p. pr. Jk r. Im. Swixolno.]
[AS. ntingtm to scourge, to fly, to flutter.] 1. To move
to and fro, as a body suspended in the air ; to wav« ; to
oecillnte. 2. To sway faom one side or direction to an-
other. 3. To use a swing. 4. To ttim round by action
of wind or tide wiien at anchor ; as, n ship nringx with
the tide. — r. t. 1. To cause to swing or vibrate. 2. To
whirl; to brandish. — n. 1. A swinging; a waving or
vibratory motion of a hanging or pivoted ol^Ject ;
tion. 2. Swaying motion. 3. A cord, or other thii^
suspended, upon wliich anything may swing. 4. Power
of a body put in swaying motion. 6. Free course.
Swlao (swTnj), v. t. [AS. twengan to shake, canaativ*
of ttcmgan. See Swing.] To beat soundly ; to punish.
Swlngeins, o. Huge ; very hui;e. [CoUoq.S
Swln^gleTswlB'g'l), V. t. [AS. ncingcU whip.] To
clean (flax) by beating it with a swingle, so as to separata
the coarse parts from it. — n. A wooden instrument lik«
a large knife, for beating and cleaning flax.
Bwln'gle-trae' (-trS^), n. [Named fr. ito ntmging.^
A < 'hiffletree. or whippletree. [gisli ; groas ; beastly. I
Swlnlflh (swIn'T^), a. Pert, to, or Uke, swine ; hog- 1
Swirl (8w8rl), r. /. & i. [Akin to Norw. tvirUL] To
whirl. — n. A whirling motion ; an eddy.
Swiss (swls). n. Hng. &pl. [F. SuUte.^ A native
or inhabitant of Switzerland; people of Switzerland. ••
a. Pert, to Switzerland, or its people.
Swttdh (swich), n. [Gf. OD. neick sooorge, whipw]
1. Movable part of a rail, or of opposite raila, for tnns>
ferring can from one track to another, f . A separate
tress of hair, etc., worn on the head hy women. 3. A
mechanical device for shifting an electr(c current to an-
other circuit. — V. t. 1. To strike with a switch; to
whip. 2. To swing or whisk. 3. To tum (can) from
one railroad track to another. 4. To ahift (an electric
current) to another circuit. [a railroad. I
Swltoh'nuui (-man), n. One who tends a switch on|
SwItS'ar (swlts^r), n. [0. MchveiMcr.'] A Swiss.
BwlT'Sl (swlv'^l), n. [AS. #irf/rtn to move quickly,
to revolve.] 1. A piece, as
a ring or hook, attached to
another piece by a pin, so aa
to permit roUtion about the Swivtl in Chain,
pin as an axis. 2. A small
piece of ordnance, turning on a point or swiveL— >v. i.
To swing or tuni, as on a pin or pivot.
Swob (sw5b), n. 49^ r. Swab. [sweUing.l
SwoU'tn (tiw51^n),p. p. of Swell, —a. EnUrged l^|
Swoln (8w5hi). Coiitr. of Swollbm, p. p.
Swoon (sw6on), r. i. [AS. nr9gfin to sough, sigh;
gexirihrung a swooning.] To faint. — n. A fainting fit.
Swoop (swSop), r. /. [AS. twapan to sweep, rush.]
1. To fall on at once and aeize ; to catch while on the
wing. 2. To catch up ; to take with a sweep. — r. i.
To descend with dosed wings from a height upon prey,
as a liawk ; to atoop. —n. A falling on and aeizing.
Swop (8w5p), V. & n. Swf p.
Sword (sSrd), n. [AS. *ifforrf.] 1. Wespon for
cutting or thniftting; rapier, saber, scimiter, etc. 2.
Destruction in battle ; war. 3. Military power.
Swordflsb' (-( Isli' ), n. (a) A very large oceanic fish,
having the bones of the ^^ upper Jaw conaoUdUad
Common Swordflth.
an^l firmiStTR a Img ■wortllik* bealL (A) Tlio par pike.
(c^ T f I*' t^ n 1 1 a. ft Aih r [fencer. I
SwonK^man (prirfii'm^MO. "■ Ir A soldier. 2. A|
Swore li'WQrl, iiftfi. of ftwaAit
& worn I ^ ^ J5t' I ) , p. p. of t^ Wit A fc.
SWimi (--vi Jimi. imp. & p. p^ or JiwiM-
Swun; irtwilnyl, imp. &p^p^ p' Hwrso.
By ti'ii rite ( ^Tb'A^rin, n.. [Or. -gv^^i-rrK, fr. Iv^epvc,
a 'I iiv in It i]|%1 (Jnr drt^Toti^d to li^iury uid pieaaura.
- flyb a tlt'ic i-TTflk), Syb a-rtllc^ M-kol). «.
p.yr.^9. Tnij\t\ i '-TU'^-nxJitL n. fiir. (rv««(furoc.] Tbe
syv.vu.ui.. ^. .^.iiiiVufx-.
Syo'A-moro (-mSr), n. [Or. oiMro^iSpo: the fig tboxlV
a, 8, 1, 5, n, long ; ft, fi, I, A, a, ^, sliort ; senUte, « vent. Idea, 6bey, Unite, c4re, iirm, Aak, |^ finoL
SYCEE
663
SYNDIC
berrj ; 9v«ov flg + lUpw black malberry.l (a) A large I
tree of Egypt aud ByriA, allied to the fig. It U the ayca- I
more, or sycamine, of Scripture. (6) The Americaa pLiue |
tree, or buttonwood. (c) A large Europeau maple.
By-OM' (sT-aS'), n. [Chiueee se-ttc Hue silk, so called
because if pore it may be drawn out into fine threads.]
SHver, pounded into ingots, used in China as currency.
87</0-plUUlt (sTk'd-fant), n. [L. tycopharUa a shin- i
derer, puvsite, Or. trwcoi^avnfs false adviser, lit., a fig I
shower ; ovxov fig -f- Aou^iy to show.] A base parasite ;
•enrile flatterer. — Syo^O-DluUl'dO (-fSn'tTk), Syo'O-
Vhanllo-al (-tl-kal), a. — Syo'a-pluui-oy (-fou-sv ), n.
Sy'e-nlte (si'l-nit), n. [L. Syenite* (sc. lapu)^ fr.
SyenCf Or. 2vi{ki}.] Granular crystalline rock composed
of qnarta, hornblende, and feldspar, quarried at Syene^
in upper Egypt, and used for monuments by the ancient
Egyptians. [Written also »ienUe.'\ — By'e-aitlo (-nlf-
Ik), a. [Written also sieniiic.'\
Byl-UVlo (sTI-lSbOTk), ) a. 1. Pert to syllables. 2.
Syl-laMo-fd (-T-kal), ) Consisting of a syllable or
qrllablea. — Syl-Ulblo-al-ly, adv.
Syl-lAb'i-oata (-T-kSt), Sy^UM-f7 (-fi), v. t. To
form or divide into syllables. — Syl-UlM-oa'tioll (sTl-
IXb^-ki'shiitt or sTl/I4-bT-), Syl-Ub'i-fl-oa'tlOll, n.
ByllA-ble (sTllA-bU), n. [Or. trvAJiafiij, fr. ctvAAom-
Piiftuf to take together ; irw with -|- AofL/Soyciy to take.]
1. An elemental sound, or combination of sounds, ut-
tered together, or with a single impulse of the voice, and
oonstituting a word or part of a word. 2. In writing
and printing, a part of a word separated from the rest.
SylOA-lrab (-biib), n. SiUabub.
BjVlMrlnM (-bfis), n. [L.] A compendium of a dL»-
fOMr«» : rin :ibBtract.
SyHo^gtsm (-lo-jTi'iji), fl, [Or. ^vMayurti^<i a nj>
souki^, 9yTlyfirLiixi,fr.0ii^AAcn>i(,Ver#cii tobriiift iitoibu^^ ^tt-fore
Th* refuJaJ- IntficiiJ fana af every ^.rijuEibf^iit, cotifi^fiug
©f tbna propositi oa?-, two i^alknl i he preMi^^f' v^\\\v lii-^E the
t-tT-ki]), rp. -Syl lo-«lB'Ujal ly. adr,
flftlO-fl^ (-J"t}t ^- ^' T' rc!i4oii by Ryll^tBiiiJk
Sylph X*TLf), w, [F. Ttffphf, 111., Ir, Gr. qri^rj^fr a ^rub
m luothj 1, \u Iiuiigui4rv btjttif iitluibitliiK the mt i a
fairy, 3C A ivlenJer, ifrac?«rul woiii..\ii.
Bylphld (*f If'td ), q. [P. ti/i}^hulf, fein> Sih^ 5ixrn.]
A Jktle sylph ; yuuiig Or diiuinutive erylpli.
9jWa>n (-Ttfu), 1. i. Ptsrt. Lii A Alii a; roTiiiithkc-; rb^r^l;
rujtN\ 2. A.boii:ni.iinjf tji forest* ; miuxIv.
Byi'WUX, n. [L, Sift [if n n^, better 1*1' ih-^i hum,] A fabled
dtsity fif th*? wfKul ; Jintyr : fjuiu ; n ruHtd-,
Sym^bot (tlin^bSl), n. [Gr. iOViiJoAav ftf^n Ijy which
on* koow« 0, tblQff, fr. tfvM^4AA<lF to conipart? ; irvi' +
pd^X^w to throw.] 1. A risibla rvprcu#4{it«tS(>iri at an
IdUf ^rp^i ftfure^ 2. Ctiai*iiL;t«r ri5|f)ret«eiitjii^ a m^Llie-
luMfialquaatlty, otwrutJuii, itIaIIoh, cir ahbrt^vintioik
Syn. — Sinblfliii ; flg:ure; tyi^. 3t!u£MDLKii,
Sym-bOlls^ f><i)Tk>, \a. Pert. Ui RymboJx; of the
Srm-lM>ric al (V-k^il), 1 naturu ol n lymlwil ; tvpre-
soHUiivKi, — Syro-bgl'lo ftl4y. ^^^^r.
STm^bollsta (hTiti'b^^] Tt'io). Sym^bol-1-ia'tloii f-T-
iS/Mi ii 1 0 . " ^ 1- A Myiu bolijcmg, g r 1:k< i ■ ig Ay i 0 LimIi j r J . SI A
sjhtEMiu ((f n^firvj^ntitionii^
Bfmn>Ql-ix6 {'U}^ p.L St L To ripfifctbbli^ or ISkt^n in
qiiaii
I or T^r'jf^*rt!flfl ; to harmoiiE^^.
[Kyiiibolft. I
Bym boro-gy (-b!51'H5^)i ™- ^""^ «' Pipr^nhimr iiy|
hSVltiij^ syTjJruh'TTy ; having ita pjirt* in diiu proii ^r;;m.
3- Tr ^v[[Lu tilt: p.irlu «>f osue .-ii.U' 1 ■i5rr->l.>.jnijiiH; l^vj1 ii '. Intsc
^1 l-*^ wl-jii' ; ruguiiT. 3- ixi ui^iljuJiiAtica, bavJUf; a
o<mimon measure ; commensurable ; having correspond-
in£ parts or relations. — 8ym-met'rlo-al-ly, adv.
Syntlna-tllM (uTrn'ml-triz), V. t. To make propoiv
tlonal in its parts ; to reduce to symmetry.
Sym'<-try (sTm'mt-trj^), ft. [Or. aru)Mfi«fpia; 9v9
-f i*.iTpo¥ measure.] Due proportion of thu auveral parts
of a body to each other ; unJon and conformity of the
members of a work to the whole.
Bym'pa-tlMt'lo (sTm/pA.th8tak), Sym^partlittio^a
(•T-kal), a. 1. Inclined to sympathy ; sympathising.
2. Produced by. Or expressive of, sympathy. 3. Pro-
duced by sympathy or the influence which one part of the
body exerts on another. — Sym^M-tlMt'lO-Al-ly, adv.
Sym'pa-tllftn (-this), v. u To have sympathy ; to
be in accord ; to harmonise. — Sym'pa-tlll'Mr, n.
Sym'pa-thy (-thy), n. [Gr. wiindBtta ; <rw -j- irdMof
suffering, passion, fr. v^^xccy, votfciy, to suffer.] 1.
Feeling correnx>nding to that which another feels ; fel-
low-feelhig. 2. An agreement of affections or inclina-
tions. 3. Pity ; commiseratioD ; compassion. 4. The
reciprocal influence which the various organs or parts of
the ixxly exercise on one another.
Syn. — Sthpatrt ; Commuudutiov ; fellow - feeling ;
compassion ; tenderness : condolence ; agreement. —
Sympathy is literally a fellow-f eeling with others in their
varied conditions of jov or of grief, but is now more com-
monly applied to a feUow-feeling with others under af-
fliction, and coincides very nearly with commiseration,
Sym-pho^nl-Oiu (-f^'nT-rj-i), a, [Fr. At^m phony, "]
A^:^ -f'.'un:, Lti >wiJikijil : u-i oriiaot ; harniouiou^.
By tV phony {'iUn'if.^\i}'i, n. [Gr. mt^^vut, vvv -J-
^^y') : L ri u 1 ] lid , t tje V uioL\ J 1. Coiuiouance or lianibouyof
soiEii I s ajLTTQeable to the «ar. 2. An oisbQiraCfl bistfu-
m^ 11! a I <it]ip04itji>a for 4 full orebBstrn,
Sym po'al nm ( [lo^zT-aui), n. ; /^. BnupoaiJi (-i).
[L-, fr- tijr ffiJ^ndffttH' li tr-iuki ; m^K + iiwi^ n UrnikUig.]
1. A 4lrink]U4{ i^Ji^btber ; A inaati 2> Crjllectiiou of eiMsys
by ^IJtTt'rt'Mt auttKifft 00 one topi*'. — 8|nnpcKsl-flO< «.
Bymp^tom (bTni|>^tQiii), n. [Gr. oi<^n-TUM^ a ehiuu:e,
syitjptom, fr, d-u^irirTciv to full to^eJhtr ; (rvf -\- wiwrtiw
to tnlL] 1, \ay :ierectlo(n nccoii^piinyiug dj^aj« i m. pr*
cei^tiblL* cluiiiifo b] the bfxly or It« functioos. indloAting
thn Hioe) [>r phofk?!! of dl.ieiiHe. 2. A sif^ii ludltrntftig tlie
exi#t*niri! of iri>iiit'ithlii[if fH^l««. — ^Syttip lotn-At'lOi Symp^-
tam-al'lD-alt 0, —Bjm^tftm&tnctXdj, rJr^,
Syii.— M;irk^ tuitv : hiffii: tokpn ; iiMlUjition.
Syn-xi'e flls ( t(*Tii *"^f'^'i»U}, 11. {Gr. trvr accent, fr.
Syn-er'e-Bla i wvatfielv to taHn tnn^tJur; ^v -f-
aifntitf to take.] Thu imiuik ia one flyUnblii of vuwblii or^
dinarily sepanUed hi qrllaUcation ; ~~ opp. of dimreHt.
Syn'a-gOglM (-A-gOg), n. [Or. oviwywyif assembly,
synagogue, fr. irwdytw to bring together ; o^ + aytcv
to lead.] A Jewish congregation or place for worship.
Syn'ohro-iul (sTsnd^-nai), Syn'obro-noaB (-nils),
Syn-obxonilMU (-krSna-kal), a. [Or. <rvyypoMK ; m
+ Tifi^^f^ time.] Happening at, or belonging to, the
same time ; simultaneous.
Syn'ohro-ntam (-nTs*m), n. [Or. mxpovur/tik, fr.
ovyypovtV'tv to be oontemporary with, tr. ovyxpo*^*]
1. Concurrence of events in time. 2. Tabular arrange-
ment of historical events and personages by dotes.
Syn'ohro-nlie (-niz), v. i. [Or. avyxpoviitw.] To
agree in time ; to be simultaneous ; to concur.
Syn-Olllul (sTn-kli'nal or sTn^klT-n/rl), a. [Or. wy-
xXivMiv to incline together; avv + xAuvtv to incline.]
1. Inclined downws^ from opposite directions, so as
to meet in a common pcrint or line. 2. Formed by geo-
logical strata dipping toward a common line or plane ; —
opp. to anticlinal. — n. A s]rnclinal fold.
Byn'OO-lMlte (sTnOcft-pSt), v. t. [LL. gyncopare, -pa-
turn, to syncopate, to swoon. See Stkoopb.] To con-
tract (a word) by syncope. — Syn^OO-pAtifMl, n.
Syn'OO-pe (-pt), n. [L. ; Or. ovyicoinf a cutting up,
syncope ; vv¥ -f* KowrttM to strike, cut.] 1. Elision of
letters or syllables from the middle of a word ; as, ne*er
for nerer^ ev^ry for every. 2. A fainting, or swooning.
Syn'dto (sTn'dTk), n. [Or. v^vButtK helping in a court
of Justice, advocate ; wiv-\- 6ucri justice.] 1. ICsgistrate
f9n| reeeati Arbi r^ds^ f i|^ ^untf f«»4f f«rott o««i «*ilf •iMir, bo, siny, iQkf ttien^ tlste
SYNDICATE
664
TABLE D'H6TE
bATiiiff diff tmit powtrt In differant ooimtriM. 1. An
•fsnt (nuuActing buainen for othen ; adTOo«to ; awignea
Bya'dl-Mto (alo'dl-ktt), ». 1. OfBoe or juri«liction of
a lyndio ; ooundl, or body of qnndicfl. 2. An Maociatiun
of penont MitboilMd to negotiftta tome biuineu, or oi^
guuMd to oarry out a flnandal or industrial project.
Bf9rt/60-iiB (•SkMft.kl), n. [L. : Or. <rvrc«4ox4.
fr. vvv + he out 4- Mx«v4ai to receive.] Rhetorical figure
wliicb puta part of a thing for the whole, or the whole
for a part.— Syn'tO^OOhllMd (sTn'nc^lQkl-kal), 0.
SyB-«r'*4dS (-Cr^-ala), n. Synareda.
Syn'od (slu'lid), n. [Or. ai;»o8oc a meeting ; vw +
hiAt a way.] 1. An eceleaiaatical council, meeting, or
convention. 2. A leslalataTe body.— gyft^lo (-Mmc),
gysHidliHd, a. — BnroMo^'ljj aiv,
Bjnfo-vfm» Byiro-Bym* (-^-nlm), n. [Or.
Bee Btmohtmous.] One of two or more word*
equivalenta of each other, and uied interchangeably.
Sy&HIB^-IBlst (-&/I-mIst), n. One who ooUecta or
^ypjfrin* synonyma.
ftyn-OB^y-BOOS (-mfis), a, [Or. mnmrvfUK ; vv¥ +
Sm^ name.] Having the cluuracter of a aynonym ; ex-
preuing the eame thing. — Syn-OBfy-HMNUi-ly, adv.
Sjn. — Snovnous ; loaimcAL ; interchangeable. —
If no worda are synonymou* except thoae which are iden-
tical in use and meaning, eo that the one can in all caaes
nctu ui uaa «uu iiwiimn, mu uuui uie oue cnu in mu caam
be Bubatitttted for the other, we have acarcely ten such
worda in our language. But the term more properly de-
notes that the words aroroach so near to each other, that,
in many or most cases, they can be used interchangeably.
BjJHmfJ'MJ (-my), n. 1. The being synonyroouB ;
sameneaa of meaning. 8. A system of synonyms. 9.
Use of synonymous words to amplify a discourse.
SyiHq^lto (-Sp'sTs), n. ; pi. Btkoiub (-«Si). [L., fr.
Or. 9vvo*l/K ; trip -f iif/tt ^ght, view.] A general view ;
abstract or summaiy ; syllabus; conspectus. — Syn-op'*
tlo. Syn-4mniiMd, a. — Syn-op^tio-al-ly, adv.
Syn. — Bee ABSiDOMikT.
HSyiHKYl-a(-S'vI-4),n. [NL.] Fluid lubricating the
Joints. — 8yB-4/Yl-Al, a.
Syn'tftZ (sTn'tUcs), f
r^trti¥ to put in order.]
[Or. ovrro^tt, fr. ovp -f"
Orainmatical construction of
sentences ; 'fit arrangement of words in
BjMao'tlo (-tSkOTk). SyB-taCtlo-al, a.
(sIntht-sTs), n. / pi. Brwanmn (-sii).
[L., mixture, Or. vvv^o-ic, fr. 9vynM«i to put togeUier ;
vw -f Tttftfroi to place] 1. GompoaiUon, or the pat-
ting of things together, aa in oompoonding medicjnea.
2. Combination of separate elements of tbooght faito a
whole ; — opp. of analytia. — Syn-tlMtle 7-ti»l^t='^)f
Syn-tlwtliHd, a. - STB-ttefliHa-ly. adv.
Syphl-Us (sTfT-ITs), n. [NL., f r. BypkUta name of
a shepherd in a Latin PMm pubUshed in 1530 ; Or. <rvf
hog -f- ^^^<H loving.] The pox, an infectioaa venereal
disease. - lEhrvll'i-m4o (-ITtnfk), a. & ».
Sy'lkoa (sPfSn), n. Bipbon.
Syrl-«0 (sira-a), a. Pert, to Syria, or Its language.
— n. The language of Byria : esp., its ancient langua^
8y-llB'ga (sY-rlQ'gA), n. [NL., fr. Or. 9vpt7^, 9v^y
yof , shepherd's pipe, tube.] (a) A genus of plants ; tLe
lilAc. (6) The mock orange.
Byi'lnke (sTrnrnj), n. [Or. 9vpc>^.] Bmall pump for
injectinff Uquids into animal bodies, cleansing woands,etc.
^ r. /. L To inject by a syringe. 8. To clean by injection.
Syrias (-Tnks), n. / ol. BnnioBS (-Tn-jCs). [NL., f r.
Or. 9vpcyf.J 1. A wind instrument made of reeds tied
toffether ; pandean pipes. 2. The lower larynx in birds.
Syi^C-Qp). n. Sirup.
BwWV&Ok (sIs'tSm), n. [Or. wion^ia^ tt. wrurrmi'ai
to place together ; ovr -f (ordvai to place.] 1. Au as-
semblage of objects arranged after som« distmct method :
regular union of principlea or parts forming one entire
thing. 2. The universe. 2. Regular method or order ;
plan. 4. The body as a functional unity. — BfmtUlk-
atlo, Sys'tciii-at'UHd, a. — Sya'tMB-atio-Al-ly, adv.
Sys'tMII-A-tlia (-4-tiz), r. /. To reduce to system or
regular method ; to methodise. — SystOB-a-ti'Zir, n.
8yatO-to (-t^-lt), n. [Or. <ru<m»Ai), f r. (rv^r^XArtr to
contract ; vvv -(- vriMttv to set, place.] 1. The short-
ening of a long syllable. 2. Contraction of the heart
and arteries by which the blood is forced onward and
the circulation kept up ; — correl. to diattolf.
Bfltf-gf (sTz'i-jy), n. [L. Myzvffia conjunction. Or.
(rv^vyia; ow -\- ^cvyrvKOi to join, firytfyyoke.] 1. Point
of an orbit, as of the moon or a planet, at which it is in
conjunction or opposition ; — commonly in pi. 2. The
coupling together of different poetic feet.
T.
Vab (tKb), «. 1. Border of laoe on the tamer front
odge of a bonnet 2. Looee pendent part of a garment.
Tab'ttd (tXb'Srd), n. [OF.] Tunic formerly worn
over armor, often emblasoned
with the wearer's arms. [Spelt
alsolatenf.1
TtbOiyWXn. [F.teWf,
fr. Ar. *a/<aM, name of a
quarter of BMdad where it
was made.] 1. A waved or
watered siik. 2. A brindled
cat ; popularly, any cat. 3. An
old maid or gossip. [C0//09.]
—a. 1. Of a wavv or watered
appearanoe. 2. Brindled.
TaV«r-iia-«le (-Sivni-k'!),
n. [F., fr. L. tabemaeulum^
dim. of taberna hut.] 1. A
temporary habitation; tent.
2. A porUble place of sacriflce
used by the Jews during the
Bxodus. 2. The Jewish tera-
^ ; a pUMW for worship.^ r. t.
To dwell temporarily.
UTalMS (tiniSz), n. [L., a wasting disease.] Pro-
Tubnni of Richard III. of
England, emblazoned with
the Royal Arms.
gresslve emaciation of the body, with hectic fever, bat no
well-marked local syniptoms. — Ta-boHo (tA-bfitOk),
Tato^ (tibOTd), a. — Tal/ld-aMS, n.
Tabaa-tllI«(tibaA4tr; 40),n. [F.] 1. A paintii«
on a wall or ceiling. 2. An ancient mode of Indicating
musical sounds by letters and signs instead of by notes.
TanilU (ti^b*!), ». [F., ftTL. tabula board, table!
painting.] 1. A smooth, flat surface; slab. 2. Thin,
flat piece of wood, stone, metal, etc, on which anything
is cut, written, or painted; tablet 2. A condensed
statement to be comprehended In a sin^ view ; arrange-
ment, for ready reference, of weights, measurea, cur-
renry, etc* 4. Article of fumitoro, for use in eatmg,
writing, working, etc. 6. Food placed on a table ; far«.
6. Company at a table.— v. t. 1. To form into a catalogue ;
to tabulate. 2. In parliamentary usage, to lav on the
table: to postpone the considerationof(a biU,motfon,ctc.).
tl Ta'IAoaQ' (ti'bIC ; B. tXkAV), n. ; pi. Tablbaux
(t4^bl5'; E. tMhnW). [F., dim. fr. L. tabula.} 1. A
vivid representation; picture. 2. A repreaentatiou of
some soene by persons grouped properly. [table, j
TaHllo-OlOtll' (tS'bM-klSthOt n. Cloth for roverinr a(
II TanilU d'hote' (t40>*l dW) ; pi. Tables j>'B»n(tk'-
b'l). [F., lit, toble of the landlord.] A <
for guests at a hotel ; an ordinary.
ft, i^ 1, 8, «. kmg ; ft, «, I, A, O, t. ibort ; senate, tvent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cAie, Km, Ask, «]], flnoL
TABt£-LAND
66&
TAKE
T^'Ud-land' (tSn)n.1Xiid'), n. A broad, lerol, el».
Tated area of land : plateau.
TafUB-apoaaf (-spSdnO, n. A ipopn of the largeat
rise commonly uaed at table.
TaHile-gpooil^flll (-fvl)t »• ; p'* TABUSPOoinruLs
(-ffls). Ab modi as a tablespoon will hold ; — luiully
reckoned aa half of a fluid ounce, or four fluid dranu.
Taba«t(tiba5t),n. IF. tableUe, dim. ottabte.}. LA
■mall table. 2. A flat surface on which to write, paint,
draw, etc, or one oontidning an inscription or a picture.
9. p/. A kind of pocket memorandum bo(^ 4. A solid
medicinal confection ; lozenge; troche.
Tft-bOO' (tA-bSd'), n. Prohibition of intercourse with,
use of, or approach to, a person or thing, under pain of
death, — a religious interdict in the islands of Polynesia.
—V. /. To put under taboo. [Written also tabu.j
Tantm (ti'bSr), n. [OF. ; fr. Ar. & Per. /awWfrlute,
or guitar, or Per. tabir a drum.] A small drum used to
accompany a pipe or flfe, both being played by the same
person. [Written also labour, and toiber.l
^ab'e-ret (tSb^-HSt), n. [Dim. of tabor.'] A small
tabor. [Written also tabouret.}
Tab'O-lllM (-r6n), n. [OF. tabouHn, F. tambouHn.}
A small, shallow drum ; tabor.
Tab^im-nt (-«5-r«t), n. [F., dim. of OF. tabor.l 1.
A taboret. 2. A seat without arms or back, cushioned
and stuffed ; a hiRh stooL 3. An embroidery frame.
Tab^-lar (-tk-l3r), a. [L. tabularU, fr. tabula teble.]
Like, or pert, to, a table (in any of the uses of the word).
Tab^-lat« (-lat), V. t. 1. To form into a Uble; to
reduce to synopses. 2. To shape with a flat surf ace.
Tao'a-IIUI-lUU)' (tXk'4-m4-hIk0t ) n. 1. Balsamic res-
Tao'a-BUI-lUl'oa (-hSOcA), ) in obtained from
tropical American aiid Bast Indian trees ; exudation of
the balsam poplar. 2. Any tree yieldhag tacamahac reshi ;
the North American balsam poplar, or balm of Oilead.
Ta-Ohyc^^jpliy (t4-kfg'r&-fj^), n. [Or. raxvf quick
4* j^np^yTL ^fi^ writing ; stenograpby.
Taolt (tas^t), a. [L. tacitut, p. p. of taeere to be
iflent.] Done or made in silence ; implied, but not ex-
pressed ; silent. — Ta*lt-1]N adv.
Taol-tlini (-T-tflm), a. [L. tacUumui.l Habitually
•Uent. — Tao'l-tlll^nl-ty (-tftr'ni-ty), n,
Sjm. — Taoitubn ; SiLmrr : reserved.— 5i?cn/ refers to
tiie act ; tacUum^ to the habit. A man may be tilent
from circumstances ; he is taciturn from disposition. The
loquacious man is at times tilent ; one who is taciturn
may now and then attempt conversation.
Tack (tik), n. [OE. tak, takke, a fastening.] 1. A
short, sharp-pointed nail. 2. That which is attached ; a
supplement : appendix. 3. (a) A rope to confine a comer
of a sail ; rope n> pull the lower comer of a studding sail
to the boom. (6) The part of a sail to which the tack is
fastened, (c) The direction of a vessel in regard to the
trim of her saUs ; run of a vessel on one tack ; change
of direction. — v. I. 1. To fasten. 2. To attach slightly
or hastily, aa by stitching or nailing. 3. To add (a sup-
plement) to a parliamentary bill ; to append. 4. To change
(a vessel's) direction, when sailing closebauled, by shift-
ing sails and rudder, ^v. i. To change (a ship's) direc-
tion by shifting helm and sails ; also (as said of a vessel),
to have her direction so changed.
TaoHde (tXknc'l), n. [Akin to LO. & D. takfl.-] 1.
Apparatus for raising or lowering weights, by a rope and
pulley blocks. 2. Qear. 3. Rigging of a ship.— 1>. /.
i. To supply with tackle. 2. To grapple.
TaolullIC n. 1. Furniture of the masts and yards of
a vessel, as cordage, saOa, etc. 2. Instruments of action.
3. Harness.
Tact (tttt), n. [L. tactus touch, fr. tnngere, tnctum^
to touch.] 1. Sense of touch ; feeling. 2. Nice percep-
tion of wnat is required by circumstances.
TaoHo (tik'tTk), ) a. Pert, to military and naval
Tao'tlo-al (-tT-kal), S tactics.
Tao-tt'daa (tlk-tTsVon), n. One Toned in tactSol *,
skillful maueuverrir ; adroit manager.
Taotloa, n. [Or. Toirruci, pi., f r. roucrue^ fit for order-
ing, f r. Toorvety to arrange.] The disposing military and
naval forces for battle, anaperforming ev^utious.
Taotlto (-tTl), a. [L- tadUU^ tt. tangere, tactum^ to
touch.] Pert, to the orsana, or sense, of touch ; perceiv-
ing, or perceptible, by the touch. — Tao-tUI-ty t »*
Tao'ttOllT n. A touching: touch ; contact.
Tad'polr (tSd'pSlO, n. [OS. tadde toad (AS. tidie.
Tsdpolct of Froff. 1 En t 2-4i Tadpoles in Saccessive Stages
oiDcvsIopnoent.
tadiffe) -f poU; prop., a toad that is all head.] Tha
young aquatic larva of any ampbiUfn, which breathes by
external or internal gills, is at flrst destitute of legs, and
haa a flnlike taiL CaUed also poUiwig^ poUiwog.
Tad (til), ». [MaUytoitf a certain weTffht.1 A Chinese
denomination of money, worth aboutf 1.40 ; also, a weig^
of one ounce and a third. [Written also tale.} .
Tam (tin), or Ta'tn, oontr. of Taksv.
Talfe-U (tif'f«-U), ) M. [F. taffeUu. fr. Per. f 2^aA
Tafle-ty (-t^), ) woven, fr. iMUm to spin.]
Smooth silk, having the wavy luster called watering.
ISlangl
Tag (tig), n. [Prob. akin,to tack a small naU.]
Any slight appendage, as to *an article of dress ; some-
sugar boiled down, a. Flattery.
r (tig), n. [Prob. akin,to tack a small i
thing hanging looeely ; a direction labeL 2. A metallic
bindung or point at the end of a lace. 3. The catchword
of an actor's speech ; cue. 4. A child's play in which
one rans after and touches another. — v. /. 1. To fit
with tags. 2> To join ; to attach. 3. TO follow closely
after ; to touch in the game of tag.^v. i. To follow
closely, like an Moendage.
Tail (til) n. IT. toi&e a outting.1 Legal limitation ;
abridgment.— o. Limited ; abridsed ; curtailed.
Bstats la taiL a limited, abridged, or reduced fee ; an
estate limited to certain heirs, and from which the other
heirs are precluded ; — called also estate taiL
Tall, n. [AS. trngel.} 1. The terminal, and usually
flexible, posterior appendage of an animal. 2. Back, last,
lower, or inferior part of anything, — opp. to the head.
3. TnUn of attendants; retinue. 4. Side of a coin oppo-
site to that which bears the head, efllgy, or date ; reverse.
6. Downy or feathery appendage of a seed.
Tailor (tinSr), n. [OF. taiUeor, fr. taillier to cot,
fr. L. talea rod, stick, cutting.] One who makes men's
garments. — v, i. To make men's clothes.
Tailor Mid, a small Aaiatio and East Indian sfaiglns bird,
which sews leaves together to form nests.
Tallor-ess, n. A female tailor.
Taa'piMM'(til'p8s'),n. 1. End piece. 2. Piece sup-
ported at tlie end by a header, in floor framing.
Taint (tint), V. i. [F. tektt, p. p. of Mndre to dye,
tinge, fr. L. tUigere^ tMctum.! 1. To ImprMnate with
something extraneous, e^p. with something odioas or poi-
sonous ; to infect ; to poison. 2. To stain ; to taraish. —
V. i. 1. To be infected or corrupted. 2. To be affected
with incipient putrefaction. — n. 1. Infection ; corrap-
tion ; deprivation. 2. A blemish on reputation ; stain.
-_..«. . ,. \iiy.p.p.
taka.}
[imp. Took (tdftt) ;
\ p.pr. & rft. n. Takiko.] [Iccl.
I lay hol^ of ; to seize ; to get into one's possession'; to sdse
Take (tik),*./. _.._
(tak^n^ \ p.pr.A vb. n. Takiko.]
Taksv
1. To
I and carry away. 2. To receive ; to bear ; to endure ; to
I accept. — P. ^ 1. To take hold ; to have the natural or
fCm, recent. Orb, r^de, f ^11, Om, food, fc»bt, out, oil, chair, go, sine i||k, then, thin.
TAKE-OFP
566
TAN
intended effect. 2. To gain reception ; to succeed. 3. To
move or direct the course ; to betake. one*B self ; to go.
4. To admit of being pictured, as in a photograph. ^ u.
That which is taken ; quantity of fish captured at one
oatch. — TalCcr (tS0c8r), n.
TiCki^~^ttf (tSk'5f0i n. An imitation ; caricature.
Tak^lng (tSknr ng), a. Apt to take ; alluring ; attract-
ing. — n. 1. A gaining possession ; seisure ; apprehen-
doa, 2. Agitation; distress of mind. [C0//09.]
TalO (tSlk), A. [F., fr. Ar. talg.'} A soft umeral of
soapy feel and greenish, whitish, or grayish color. Sfea-
tiUt or tqapstoM, is a compact granular variety. — Tal-
OOM' (til-kSs' or tUk'Ss/), T«1</01UI (tUk'Os), a.
Tale (tO), n. [AS. talu number, speech, narrative.]
1. That which is told ; relation or recital ; narrative ;
story. 2. A number tol4 or counted off ; enumeratiou.
Syn. -^ Anecdote ; story ; fable ; legend ; narrative.
Tkto'lie«ror (•bftr'Sr), n. One who officiously tells
tales, scandal, etc., and makes mischief.
Tal«nilMrmg, a. Telling tales officiously. — n. An
informing officiously ; a telling secrets, scandal, etc.
Tal'ent (tU'ent), n. [F., fr. L. taUntum a talent (in
sense 1), Or. rdAayrol' a balance, thing weighed, a talent ;
akin to rAnyoi to endure, L. tderarey tollere^ to lift up.1
1. A Greek and Hebrew weight and denomination of
money. 2. Intellectual ability ; skill in accomplishing.
Srn.— Ability ; faculty ; gift ; endowment. See Obnius.
Tal'eht^, a. Furnished with tolenU ; gifted.
II TalM (tSnSz), n. [L., pi. of talu such (persons).]
(a) 0/. Persons adaed to a jury, to make up anv deficiency
in the number of jurors regiUarly summoned. (6) syn-
Uxetieally sing. Writ summoning such persons.
Tales'lliail (tSlz'man), n. One called to make up a
deficiency in tlie number of jurors when a tales is awarded.
II Tal^pM (tilT-piz), n. [NL., fr. IL talus ankle +
pet, pedUf a foot.! The deformity called clubfoot.
Tails-man (tU^z-manl, n. ; pi. Taubxaks (-manz).
[8p., fr. Ar. tilUm magical image, pL tilMmSn, fr. LOr.
rdktvfia initiation, incantation.] 1. A magical figure, to
which wonderful effects are ascribed. 2. An amulet ;
charm. — Tal'ls-manlo (-rnXnik), Tal'ls-manrio-alt a.
Talk (tak), V. i. & t. [Cf. LO. talk gabble.] 1. To
speak freely and familiarly. 2. To reason ; to consult.
— n. 1. The act of talking ; familiar converse. 2. Re-
port; rumor. 3. Subject of discourse.
Srn.— Discourse; chat; conference. See Convebsatiok.
Talk'a-tive (-4-tTv), a. Given to much talkhig.
Srn. — Garrulous ; loquacious. See Garrulous.
Talk'ar, n. 1. One who talks; one noted for con-
▼ershig readily or agreeably ; a conversationist. 2. A
prattler; babbler; boaster; braggart.
Tall (tf|l), a. [Of uncertain origin.] 1. High in
stature ; long and comparatively slender. 2. Extrava-
gant ; excessive. [Slaing] — Talllieas, n.
Syn.— Tall ; High : Lorrr.—High is tlie generic term,
and is applied to anjrtbing elevated above another thing.
Tall specifically describes that which has a small diameter
in proportion to its height. Lofty has special reference
to the expanse above us, and denotes an imposing height,
and is usually coupled with the grand or aamirable.
Tallow (tsm),n. [OE. taluk.! Suet or fat of sheep,
oxen, etc. ^v. /. 1. To grease with tallow. 2. To fat-
ten. — Taiaow-lsll, Tallow-y C-y), a.
Tally (-1/), n. / pi. Tallms (-llz). [F. taUle a cut-
ting, cut, tally, fr. tailler to cut.] 1. Orig., a piece of
wood on which to cut notches, as marks of number;
later, one of two books, sheets of paper, etc. containing
corresponding accounts. 2. A match ; mate. 3. A notch,
mark, or score made on or in a tally. — v. t. 1. To score
with correspondent notches; to make to correspond.
2. To check off (parcels of freight). — f. 1. 1. To be
fitted ; to suit ; to match. 2. To make a tally ; to score.
Tally-hfK (-hS^), intery. & n. 1. Huntsman's cry to
urge on his hounds. 2. A pleasure corich.
Tallmid (-m&d), n. [Chald. talmwl instruction.] A
book of Jewish civil and canonical law not oompciied (a
the Peutateucii. — Tal-madlo (tu-mfidmi), Tal-mnd'-
io-al, Tal'mnd-Ultlo, a. [adheres to its teachinga. I
Tallnild-iat, ft. One veraed in the Talmud, or wbo|
Tal'on (-fin), n. [F., heel, spur, LL. talc. fr. L. talua
ankle, heel] 1. Claw of a predacious bird or animaL
2. An architectural molding ; ogee.
II Talu (tsafis), n. [U] Ankle ; ankle bone.
Tam'allle (tam'4-bU), a. Capable of beuig Umed.
Ta-man'dQ (ti-mXuMtt), n. [Sp** <r. native name.]
A small ant-k —
eater of trop^ Hj
ical 8onth%^
America; lit-r'^
tie ant-bear. ~
Tam'a-
rack {tXm'k-i
rSk), n. (a) I
The American '
larch. (6) The
black pine of
Alaska, Cali-
fornia, etc.
Tam'a-rilld (-rTnd), n. [It & Sp. tamarindo^ fr. Ar.
tamarhindl, literally. Indian date ; tamar dried date -f-
Hind India.] 1. A leguminous tree of both the Indiea,
and other tropical countries. 2. One of its preserved
seed pods, containing acid pulp, and used medicinally.
Tam'a-llak (-rTsk), n. [L. tamarUaUt Skr. /omoto.]
A European and Asiatic shrub.
TamlNmr (-bSdr), n. TF. See Tabor.] 1. A small
flat drum ; tambourine. 2. A small frame for stretch-
ing cloth to be embroidered ; embroidery so don 3.
Tam^Krar-ino' (-S&')t n, [F. tambourin,'] A small
drum, esp. a shal-
low drum with only
one skin, played on
with the hand, and
having bells at the
sides; timbrel. .
Tamo (tSra), a. 1
[AS. tam.-\ 1. Re- 1
duced from a state 1
of native wildness
and shyness ;
customed to mi
domesticated. 2.
Crushed ; subdued. 3. Deficient In spirit ; dull ; insipid.
Syn. — Gentie ; mild ; meek. See Gbktlb.
— V. /. 1. To reduce from a wild to a domestic state;
to make gentle.and familiar. 2. To subdue ; to repress.
— Tameaofls, «. — Tamoay, adv. — Tamo^oosa, i».
Ta'mll (Ui'mTn, a. Pert, to the Tamils^ or to their Un-
guage. — n. 1. One of a race of Northern Ceylon and
Southern India. 2. The Tamil language, the most impor-
tant of the Dravidian languages. — [Written also TVrmtr/.l
Tamls (tSmts), Tamlny (-my), «. [F. tamU.]
' ' ' ' " 2. Thee*
ac-
man;
Tsmbourinc.
1. Sieve made of woolen cloth.
B cloth itself.
Tamp (timp), r. t. [Gf. F. tamponner to plug np.]
1. lu blasting, to plug up a hole bored in a rock, to di-
rect the force of the explosion. 2. To drive (earth, etc)
in or down by frequent genUe strokes. — TamiKor, n.
Tam'por (tim'pSr), r. i. [Corrup. of temver."] L To
meddle ; to try littie experimenuc. 2. To deal unfairly.
Tam'pl-OB (-pT-Hn), n. fF. tampon.} A wooden
stopper for a cannon, etc., when not Ui use. [drum. I
Tamtam' (tXm'tftmO, n. [Hind.] A kind of Oriental |
Tan (tSn), n. [F.] 1. B«rk of the oak, and some other
trees, bruised uid broken by a mill, for tanning hidea.
2. A yellowish-brown color, like that of tan. 3. Brown
color imparted to the skin by exposure to the sun. —a.
Yellowish-brown. — r. /. 1. To convert (the skin of an
animnO into leather. 2. To make brown, as by ezpoaure
to the sun. ^ r. i. To become tanned.
ft, «, 1, 9, a, long ; &, «, 1, 5, 0, ^, short ; senftte, 6 vent, Idea, Obey, (Uiite, cAre, Km, Ask, »n, flBoL
TANAGER
667
TARANTULA
^
"N
TUifMV (tKo'i-jSr), n. [BruilUui tangara.} A
bciffht-oolored aiiiRiuK bird of many species.
TaB'dMII (-dfim), adv. i& (I. [L., at length.] One after
another. — n. Teun harnessed one before the other.
TMMg (ting), n. [Of Scand. origin.] A coarse black-
ish seaweed.
TaUf, n. [Prob. fr. OD. tanger tart, lit., pinching;
akin to B. long*.} 1. A strong or offensive taste. 2. A
aharp, specific flavor or tinge. 3. [Icel. iangi a project-
ing pohit ; akin to E. tongs."} A projecting part of an
object securing it to a handle, or to some other part.
Tans, n. [Imitative. J Sharp, twan^ng soimd ; twang.
^ r. tit i. To ring. [tact or touching. I
TaB'ffaB-<IT(tXn'j«n-^),n. The being tangent; a con- 1
Tan'CMlt C-J«nt). n. [L. tnngena^ -gentu^ p. pr. of tan-
gere to touch.] A line which touches t js
a curre, but, when produced, does not "
cut it; that portion of the straight
Una tsAgent to a curve that is be-
tween the point of tangency and a
given line, as a radius of a circle a< Tsngcnt of the
produced. — a. Touching at a single ^-.""J^J ^'
point; meeting a geometrical curve '
or surface at a point and having at that point the same
direction as the curve or surface ; — said of a straight
line, curve, or surface. — Tan-gontlll (-jSn'shal), a.
Tan^gl-Ue (-jl-b'l), a. [L. tangibUU, tt. tangtirf.-}
1. Perceptible to the touch ; tacUle ; palpable. 2. Ca-
pable of being poeaessed or realised ; real ; substantial. —
nn'cl-ttto-iMM, Tan'gl-liUl-tf, n.— Tan'gl-tily, ndv.
TaB'Cle(tiQ'g'l), V. t. [Freq. fr. tang seaweed ; hence,
to twist like seaweed.] 1. Toknit together confusedly ;
to interweave (threads) so as to make it diflBcuIt to un-
ravel the knot ; to entangle. 2. To involve ; to entrap.
— r. i. To be entangled. — a. 1. I^rge blackish seaweed ;
kcjD. 2. A knot <rf threads, etc., united confusedly.
Tank (tXnk)* n. [Pg. tanque, L. gtagnum a pool ; or
perh. of East Indian origin.] A large basin or cistern.
TanlCara (tlgk'Srd), n. [OF. tanqwirt ; cf. OD.
tanekaert. ] I^rge drinking vessel, esp. one with a cover.
Taalior (tin'nSr), a. One who tans hides.
TaBfaar-J, n. niice where tanning is done.
Tan'lllo (-nTk), a. Pert. to. derived from, or like, tan.
Taaale add. (a) An acid obtained from nutgalls, and
forming with ferric salts a bluish-black compound, which
is the basis of common ink. (b) Any one of a series of
astringent substances resembling tannin proper, widely
diffused, as in oak bark, willow, catechu, tea, coffee, etc.
Tan'nlB (-nTn), n. Tannic acid.
TanlTM (-rSk), n. [Fr. native name.] Small insectiv-
orous animal, a native of Madagascar.
Tta^WJ i'*9)t n. [F. lanaitie ; of. Or. ^ovaaLa im-
mortality.] A pUnt having finely divided leaves, strong
aromatic odor, and bitter taste, used medicinally.
Tan'U-Um (-t&-iTs'm), Tan'U-U-ia'tioii (iT-zi'-
sbllii), n. A tantalizing, or being tantalised.
Tanta-llnr (-lis), r. /. [Fr. Tantalu*.'\ To tease with
a prospect never realized ; to torment.
Syn, — Taxtalizb ; DisAPPOiirr : tease ; vex ; irri-
tate; provoke.— To duapjxmU is literally to do array
with what was (or was taken to be) appointed ; hence the
peculiar pain from hopes thus dashed to the ground. To
fanlaltxe^ a much stronger term, describes a most distress-
ing form of disappointment, as in the case of Tantalus.
Tattla-loa (-liSs), n. l. A Phrygian king who was
punished in the lower world by being placed in a lake
whose waters reached to his chin but receded whenever
be attempted to allay his thirst, while over his head hung
fruit which receded when he songlit it. 2. A genus of
wading birds comprising the wood ibises.
Taa^-moanr (-mount'), a. [F. tant so much (L. tan-
tua) -f B. ammint.Y Equivalent in value, effect, etc.
Tan-tiT^ (tln-tlv^ or tfe/tl-vy), adv. [Fr. the note
of a hunting horn.] Swiftly ; — a fox-hnnting term.
~ ~l (-trfira), n. A whim, or burst of ill-humor.
Tap (tip), 9. t. [F. taper.-} 1. To strike with a
slight blow; to rap lightly ; to pat. 2. To put a new sole
or heel on (shoes), ^n. L A blight blow ; light rap ; pat.
2. Piece of leather fastened upon the bottom of a boot or
shoe in repairing or renewing the sole or heeL 3. pi. A
signal, by drum or trumpet, for extinguishing all lights In
soldiers' quarters and retiring to bed.
Tap, n. [AS. tmppa.'\ 1. A bole or pipe through
which liquor is drawn. 2. Plug or spile for stopping, a
hole in a cask ; faucet. 3. Liquor draa-n through a tap ;
a certain quality of liquor. [C/o^og.] 4. A plsoe wliere
liquor is drawn for drinking ; a taproom ; a bar. [Col^
log."] 6. A tool for forming an Internal screw, as in a
nut. —V. /. 1. To pierce so as to let out, or draw off, a
fluid. 2. To draw by piercing. 3. To form an Internal
screw In (s nut, etc.) hy the tool called a tap.
Tape (tip), n. [AS. tHfppe a flUet.] 1. A narrow
woven fabric used for strings, etc. 2. A tapeline.
TaMOllM' (-lin^). *»• A tape, marked with Unear di-
mensions, as inches, feet, etc., — used for measuring.
Ta'par (ti^r), n. rAS.J 1. A small wax candle :
small ughL 2. A tapering form ; gradual diminution of
thickness in an elongated object. — a. Regularly nar-
rowed toward the pomt ; conical ; pyramldical. — r. i. &
t. To diminish graduaUv toward one end.
Tap'Mhtry (tip'Ss-try), n. [F. tapisserie, it. tapiuer
to carpet, to hangwith tapestry, fr. tapi*^ L. Uipete car-
pet, tapestry.] Woven liangings of wool and sifk.
Tapsstry carpet, a kind of carpet, somewhat resembling
Brussels, in which the warp is printed before weaving.
Tape'wona' (tip'wilrmo, n.
• ' •• • Hnt* ■
A many-jointed worm,
often found in the intestines.
Tap'i-O'oa (tip'T-SOcA), n. [Bras, tipioka.^ Nutri-
tious starch obtained from the roots of toe cassava.
Ta'pir (la'pSr), n. [Bras. tapg*ra.} A piglike, trop-
ical mammal,
having long
prehensile up-
per lip, short
and stout legs,
three toes on
the hind feet,
and four toes
on the fore feet.
Ta'pla (ta'-
pTs or ti-pS'),
n. [F.] Tap-
estry; cover of Indian Tspir.
a council table. *^
Ob the tapis, on the table, or under consideration.
Tap'pet (tip'pSt), n. A lever or projection, In ma-
chinery, moved by some other piece, or intended to tap
or touch something else, to regulate motion.
TapTroot' (-rS&t^), n. Root of a plant penetrating tbo
earth directly downward without dividing.
Tap'atar(-st«r), ^^^ ^..-afc
n. One who taps **'"'^^t'v A^^"^
or draws liquor.
Tar (tfir), n.
[Abbr. fr. tarpau-
/inj A sailor.
Tar, n. [AS.
feru ; akin to E.
tree.] A tliick,
black, viscous liq-
uid obtained by
diRtilling wood,
coal, etc.— r./. To
smear witli tar.
Ta-ran'tn-la
(tA-rin'ttt-i&), n.
[NL., fr. It. taran-
tofa^ f r. L. Tnrenium^ now Tarantc. In the sooth of Italy.]
A large spider, popularly suppossd to be very venomous.
European Tarantula {T. apulim).
f^n, reofnt, drb, n|de, f ^11, ftm, f6bd| f<A>t, out, oil, chair, ^, aiji|;, i|)k, then, i||i||,
TARBOOSH
568
TATTERDEMALION
•cbadule of duties impoaed by government upon goods
orted. 2. Duty so impoeed. 3. Any
[uaed for dreaaea. I
Thin, tranaparent mualiii, |
i'(tllr-b65ah0,»». [Ar./orftiUA.] A rod cap
worn by Turka and otiier Orientala.
II Tardi«n'dA (tKr^dT-gri'dA), n. pi. [NL.] 1. A
tribe of edentatea compriamg tlie alotba, and noted for
their alow movementa when on the ground. 8. An order
of minute aquatic araohuida. — Tftr'di-nadSt a, & n.
Tftl^dy (tkr'dy), a. fF. tardif, £r. L. tardus alow.]
1. MoTing alowly. 2. Not in aeaaon ; late ; dilatory ; —
opp. to prompt. '-Tftr'dl-ly. otf v. -> Ttr'dl-OMS, n.
Sjn. — Slow ; dilatory ; tedioua ; reluctant. See Slow.
Tart (ttr), obt. imp. of Tras. Tore.
Tan, «. [Cf. OK. tarefiteh wild vetch.] 1. Weed
growing amAng wheat and other grain : darnel. 2. A
legumiuoua hero, aometiniea srowu for fodder.
Tan, n. [F., fr. Ar. tarak thrown away, removed.]
Deficiency in the weight or quantity of gocxla from the
weight of the indoaing caak, bag, etc. ; allowance made
by Uie aeller for the wcoght of auch caak, bag, etc — v. t.
To aacertaih or mark the tare of (goods).
Tar'jwt (tttr'get), fi. rOF. torgetie, dim. of targe
ahield.f 1. A amali ahield or buckler. 2. A buU or
mark to ahoot at.
TaTftt-aar' (-Sr'), n. One armed with a target.
[Written alao taraetier.'}
Tax'gum (tKr^dm), n. [Chald. targUm interpreta-
tion.] A tranalation of the Old Teatameut in the Chal-
dee or Aramaic language.
Tariff (tlr^f), II. [Sp. A Pg. taH/a, fr. Ar. ia*r%f
information, definition, from ^an^fa to explain.] 1. A
schedule of dutiea ■ * •
imported or expoi
lystem of rates, chargea, otc.
Tarla-taa (tlir14-tan), n.
Tarn (tXrn), n. [Icel. tJom.JA. mountain lake or pooL
TarfDiall (tlU-'nlah), V. /. Cf. temir^ fr. OHO. tamen
to darken, hide.] To aoil ; to dull the luster of ; to
anUy. — v. i. To oecorae dull. — n. Stain ; blemish.
TalO (ti'r« or tK'rft), n. [Polynesian.] Tropical
plant, having large, fleRhy, edible rootstocks.
Tar-pav'Ull (tKr-pa'ITn), n. [ Tar -}- palling covering,
pall to cover.] 1. Piece of canvas covered with tar or
a waterproof composition, for covering the hatchea of a
ahip, hammocka, boata, etc. 2. A hat of painted or
tarred cloth, worn by aailora, etc d. Aaailor; aeaman;
tar. [with, tar. I
Tar'TF f tXr^), a. Consisting of, like, or covered |
Tar^ (tir'ry), v. i. [OF. targier^ fr. L. tardare to
tnrry, fr. iardu* slow.] 1. To stay behind ; to wait. 2.
To loiter. 3. To stay ; to abide ; to lodge.
Tar'aal (tlfar'aal), a. Pert, to the Uraus (either of the
foot or eye). — n. A taraal bone or cartilage.
Tartans, n. ; pi. Taui (-al). [NL., fr. Or. rapo^ flat
of the foot, edge of the eyelid.] 1. (a) The ankle; bones
or cartilagea of the part of the foot between metataraua
and leg. (6) A plate or cartilage in the eyelid of man and
many animala. 2. Foot of an insect or cruatacean.
Tart (tkrt), a. [AS. teart.} 1. Sluurp to the taste ;
acid ; sour. 2. Sharp ; keen ; severe. — Tartly, adv.
Tart, n. [OE. & F. tarte ; perh. fr. L. tortus^ p. p. of
toratifre to twist.] Small open pie ; fruit pie.
Tar'taB (IKr'tan), n. [F. tiretaine linsey-woolsey.]
Woolen cloth, checkered or crossbarred with bands of
varioiiM colors, much worn in the Highlands of Scotland.
Tar^tan, n. [Sp., Pg., or It. tartann ; perh. of Arabic
oriffln.] Small coasting vessel of the Mediterranean.
Tartar (-t8r), n. [F. tartrf^ perh. of Arabic orifdn.]
1. A reddish crust or sediment in wine casks, used in
ranking pure cream of tartar, tartaric acid, potassium
carbonate, black flux, etc., and, in dyeing, as a mordant
for woolen goods ; — called also argol^ trine stone^ etc.
2. A concretion often incmsting tl>e teeth, consiRting of
salivary roncns, animal mstter, *«nd phoAf hate of lime.
Tartar (-tKr), n. l. [Per. Tatar, of Tartar origin.]
An inhabitant of Tartary. 2. An irritable peraon.
Tar-ta'Ta^m (tkr-tS^rt-rm), \a. Pert, to TaiUraa;
Tar-U'ra-OHa (tiir-ti'rt.fia), ) hellish.
Tar-ta'ra-Olia, a. l. Consisting of, or like, tartar. 2.
Having tlie surface rough and crumbling.
Tar-ta'rl-an (-rT-on), ) a. Pert, to Tartary or the
Tar-tartO (-tSrTk), f Tartars.
Tar-tarlo (-tSKTk), a, Ptort. to, derived from, or re-
aembling, tartar. [or like, tartar ; tartareous. ]
TarOar-OVa (-tSr-fis), a. Containing, consisting of,
Tar'tar-OVa (-tlir-fis), a. Like a Tartar ; irriUtle.
Tar'ta-ma (-tA^rils), n. [Or. Topropoc.] In clasiic
mythology, the infernal regions ; Hadea.
Tart'liaaa, n. The being Urt.
Syn. — Soumeaa; asperity; barahneas. SeeAcBXHoar.
Tartrate (tiir'trtt), n. A salt of tartaric add.
Taak (tAak), n. [OF. la»que, LL. tosm, toxo, fr. L.
tazare to rate, estimate.] 1. Labor or study impoeed by
another. 2. Buaineaa; eroplovment; labor.— v. /. 1.
To aaaign a definite amount of buaineaa, labor, or doty tc
2. To oppreaa with exoeaaive burdena; to tax. 3. To
charge ; to tax, as with a fault. — Taak'ar, n.
Taak'taaa'tar (-m Ae'tir^, n. One who imposes a taak,
or burdena another with labor ; overseer.
Taa'aal (tis's'l), n. [OF., a fastening, clasp, fr. U
taxillug a little die, dim. of lalu* die, knuckle bone.]
1. A pendent ornament, attached to comers of coshiona,
curtains, etc. 2. Flower of some plants, esp. when
pendent, — r. i. [imp. & p. p. Tassxlbo (-s*ld) or Tas-
scLLBD i p. pr. & vb. n. Tassxlino or TAsasLLuro.] To
put forth a tassel or flower. — r. t. To adorn with tsssels.
Taate (tist), v. t. [OF. taster to try bv the touch, to
taste, f r. L. taxare to touch sharply, to estimate.] 1. To
try by the touch of the tongue ; to perceive the flavor of
(anything) by taking a small quantiQ into the month.
2. To eat a small quantity of. 3. To experienee : to
undergo ; to partidpate in. — r. <. I. To try food with
the mouth ; to eat or drink a little only. 2. To have a
particular quality or character. 3. To take aparingly.
4. To have perception or enjoyment; to partake. — ».
1. A taating; guatation. 2. Quality or aavor of any
substance; flavor. 3. The Ofie of the five senses by
whicli certain properties of bodies (called their fasfe,
tttvor, flavor) are ascertained bv contact with the or-
gans of taste. 4. Intellectual relish ; liking. S. Power
of perceiving excellence in human performances ; critical
discernment. 6. A small portion given as a spedmen ;
little piece tasted or eaten ; a bit. — Taafar, it.
Syn. — Tastk ; Skmsibiutt ; JvDoiuirr ; savor ; relish ;
flavor ; gouf. — Some consider ta^e as a mere sensibilitv^
others as an exercise Qiintigment; but a union of both Is
requisite to anything which deserves the name.
Taate'tal (tisf f^l), a. 1. Having a high relish ; sa.
very. 2. Having, or in accordance with, good taste. —
TaatalQl-ly, adv. — Taatefnl-iiMa, n.
Taatalaaa, a. 1. Havinc no taste ; insipid ; flat.
2. Destitute of good taste. 3. Not in accordance with
good taste. —Taateleaa-oaaa, n.
Taat'y (-y), a. 1. Having good taste. 2. Being in con-
formity to good taste ; elegant. — Tastl-ly (-T-W), adv,
TatWay (tCfSS-S), n. [Brazilian.] An armadillo
of tropical Siouth -— —
America.
Tatt(tlt),r./.A
L To make t<(tting.
Tattar(t«ft«r),
n. [Icel.«/«r.] A
rag, or part torn I
and hanging ; —
chiefly in pi. — r. /.
To tear into rags.
Tay tff-flfr-inal '•
ton (.d^.ro»'y«n), T.touay.
n. [Tatter -f OF. desmaillier to break the i
I to tear.] A ragged fellow ; ragamuffln.
ft, «, E, o, 11, long ; &, «, 1, 5, 0, f , short ; sMiate, 3v«l^ tdea, Obey, dnite, c4re, i&rm, Ask, nn, flaoL
TATTING
569
TEASEL
TatttalC(tKftTiiff)f n. Lace made from sewing thread.
Tafttil-tn), I'. I [Akin to LO. taieln, D. taUren to
ftammer, perh. to S. titter.'] 1. To prate ; to talk idly,
a. Tot^talee.— n. IdlechAt.— TutnlW, n.
Tat-too' (tSt-tsy). n. [Earlier iapioo^ D. taptoe ; tap
a tap, faucet -f- /o« to, shut (i. «., the taps, or driukiut;
hotuea, ahut from the aoldiera).] A beat of drum, or
•ound of bugle, at nigbt, notifying soldiers to retreat, or
to repair to their quarters or tents.
The Derll's tattoo, a drumming with the fingers or foot.
Tat-too', V. '. [Of Polynesian origin.] To color (the
flesh) by Bricking m coloring matter, so as to form indel-
ible figures. — n. Indelible mark made by puncturing the
skin and introQuoing some pigment into the punctures.
Taagllt (tRt), a. Taut.
Taagllt, imp. A D. 0. of Tkach.
TaUlt (Ulnt), V. t. [OF. tanter to tempt, to tr>'.] To
reproach ; to revile ; to jeer at ; to flout. ^ n. Upbraid-
ing languMe ; sarcastic reproach ; insultiug invective.
^rn. — To mock ; jeer ; revile. See Derxob.
Tan'lll-fonil (tn'rl-fOrm), a. [L. tauriformit ; taunt*
a bull -f -form.] Having the form of a bulL
Tan'niio (-riu), a. [L. taurinuSf fr. laurus.'] Pert, to
the genus Taurus, or cattle.
n Tanlnifl (-rtLs),^. [L., akin to Or. ravpov bull, and
E. iteer young ox. J 1. (a) The Bull ; the 2d of the 12
rigna of the zodiac, which the sun enters about April
20 ; — marked thus L U 1 ixi almanacs, (b) A sodlacal con-
stellation, containhig the clusters Pleiades and Hyades.
8. A genua of ruminants compridng domestic cattle.
Tailt(tftt),a. [Dan./ie/;iadntoE./iyA/.] 1. Tight;
stratdied ; not slack. 2. Snug ; flrm ; secure.
Tav-tOg' (tft-tSg'), n. [PL of taut, Amer. Indian
name.] A fooa flsh of the Atlantic coast of the United
States. Called also Hackfish, oyster fishy talt-voater
chub, and moll. [Written also tautaugA
Tav-tOl'O-Ky (•tSl'ft-jJ^), n. [Or. ravroAoy^ ; ravri,
for r6 ovrd the same -^ Kiyiiv to speak.] A repetition of
the same meaning in different words ; needless rnpetitiou
of an idea in different phrases. — Tav-tOl'O-Cilt, n. —
Tavto-loflo (t^-iSj^k), TaQ'to-locOo-al, a.
Syn. — Tadtoloot ; RsFrrmox. —There may be fre-
quent repetition* (as in legal instruments) which are war-
nmted either bv necessity or convenience ; but tautology
ia always a fault.
TaT'tm (tlv'Xm), n. [F. taveme, fr. L. tabema hut,
booth, tavern.] Public bouse for travelers; inn ; hotel.
Taw (tft), V. t. [AS. tiivian to prepare.] To dress
and prepare (skins of sheep, lambs, goats, and kids, for
gloves, etc.), by softening and bleaching.
[AS. tdw instrument.] 1. A large marble ;
game at marbles. 2. Mark from whicli players begin a
i of marbles.
Taw'dry (tpi'dry), a. [Cormp. fr. Saint Audrey, or
Auldrey, meaning Saint JSthelreda, hence, orig., bouglit
at the fair of St. Audrey.] Very fine and showy in col-
ors ; cheap and gaudy. — Taw'dxl-noss, n.
TaWor, n. One who taws, or dresses white leather.
Taw'ny i-nf), a. [F. tannS, p. p. of tanner to ton.]
Yellowish brown, like tliinj^stonned, or sunburnt persons.
Tax (tiks), n. [F. tare, fr. tnxer to tax, L. taznre to
touch sharply, to censure, value, estimate, fr. tougere,
taetum, to touch.] 1. A charge, esp. a pecuniary burden
imposed by authority, (a) A cliarge laid upon persons
or property for support of government. (6) Sura laid
upon speeinc things, as upon polls, lands, houses, income,
etc. (c) Sum levied upon members of a society to defray
its expensea. 2. Task exacted from one under control.
3. A burdensome duty or charge.
8yn« — Impost; tribute; contribution; duty; toll;
rate ; assessment ; exaction ; custom ; demand.
— r. /. 1. To subject to the payment of taxes. 2. To
flx judicially the amount of (the cost of court proceed-
ings, i>t«T.). 3. To charge; to accuse; to censure. —
Taz'a-ble, a. — Taz-a'tlon, n.
Taxl-dor'my (tlksa-dSr^mj^ ), n. [Or. va^tc arrante-
ment -|- 3<p^a a hIcIu.^ The preparing, preaerviug, and
mounting skins of anunalit so as to show tlieir maural
appearance. — Tazl-doTllllSt, n. ~ Taz'l-dor'mlo, a.
Toa (tS), ». [Chin. /sAd, Prov. Chhi. /«.] 1. Pra-
pared leaves of a Chinese shrub. 2. A decoction of tea
leaves in boiling water. 3. Any infusion or decootiou,
esp. of dried leaves. 4. The evening meal ; supper.
Tsa table, toble on which tea furniture is set.
Toaoll (tech), r. /. [iini). & p. p. Tauobt (tat) ; p.
pr. A vb. H. Tbachdio.] [AS. tScean, imp. tShte, to
show, teach.] 1. To imput knowledge of ; to exhibit
impressively. 2. To direct, as an instructor ; to guide
the studies of ; to instruct. 3. To accustom ; to show ;
to admonish. — v. i. To give instruction. — Toaoll'or . n.
8rii. — To instruct : inform ; tell ; guide ; admonish.
Toaoh'a-blo, a. Capable of being tought; apt to
learn ; docile. — Toaoh'a-blO-OOSa, n. [instructioD.i
Toaoh'llIC, n. An instructing ; that which is taught ;|
Syn. - Instruction ; breeding. See Bditcatioh.
Toa'on^ (tS^ap^), n. Small cup for drinking tea.
Took (t«k), n. [MaUyalam tekku.] An East India
tree, and its extremely durable timber.
Toa'kot'tle (tsnat/Vl), n. KetUe in which water ia
boiled for making tea, coffee, etc.
Toal (tCl), n. [Akin to D. teiiug a generation, teal, ttUn
to breed.] A small
fresh-water duck.
Toam (tSm), fi.
[AS. tedm offspring,
progeny, family ; akin
to £. tow to drag, tug
to draw.] 1. A group
of young animals;
brood ; litter. 2. Two
or more horses, oxen,
or other beasts, har-
nessed to the same ve-
hicle for drawing. 3.
A number of persona
associated together in
any work, esp. to contend on one side in a match.
Toaa'Stor, n. One who drives a team.
Toa'pot' (te^pOt/ ), n. A vessel with a spout. In which
tea is made, and from which it is poured into teacups.
Toar (t5r), n. [AS. te/ir ; akin to L. lacrima, for older
dacruma. Or. &uepv, 5aicpv/aaJ 1. A drop of water in
the eye, or flowing from it. 2. Something formed like
a transparent drop of fluid matter; solid, transparent,
tear-shaped drop, as of some balsams or resins.
Toar (ttr), r. /. limp. Tobb (tSr), {{Ob*. Tau) Utr) ;
p. p. Torn (tCm) ; P'pr. & rb. n. Trarino.] [AS. teran ;
akin to Or. Siptiv to flay.] 1. To separate by violence ;
to pull apart by force ; to lacerate. 2. To disrupt ; to
rend. 3. To rend away; to sunder. ^ v. i. 1. To sep-
arate on being pulled ; to be rent. 2. To move and act
with turbulent violence ; to rage ; to rave. — n. A tear-
ing, or being torn ; rent ; fissure. — Toar'OT, n.
Toar^tnl (tSr'fuI), a. Weeping ; shedding tears.
Toar^Osa, a. Shedding no tears ; unfeeling.
Teaao (tSz), v. t. [AS. tsi*an.'\ 1. To comb or card
(wool or flax). 2. To scratch (cloth) for raising a n.ap;
to teasel. 3. To vex with importunity ; to annoy or irn-
XAtf by petty requests, or by jests and raillery ; to plague.
— n. One who teases. — Toaa'or, n.
Syn. — To Trass ; Vbx ; harass ; annov ; disturb ; irrt-
tate ; plague ; torment ; mortify ; tantalize ; chagrin. —
To tense is literally to pull or scratch, and implies a pro-
longed annoyance in respect to little things, which is often
more irritoting, and harder to bear, than severa pain.
y>r meant originally to seize and bear away hither and
thither, and hence, to disturb.
Toa'aol (te'zU), n. [AS. tifsfl, tS*i.] 1. A plant of
which one species bears a large flower head covered witli
hooked bracts, used, when dried, for raising a nap on
Green-winged Teal iAna* OBroH*
uetuit).
fSra, noent, drb, r^de, f yll, Om, food, fdbt, out, oil, chair, gfo, sine ^^K than, thin.
TEASPOON
670
TELL
woolen doth. 2. A bur of this plant. 3. Any contrinoioe
intended as a substitute for tea-
sels in dressing cloth. — v. /.
iimp. &. p. p. Tbasblbo (-z'ld)
or TSASSLLBO ; p.pr. & rb. n.
Tbasklimo or Tkaskllimg.] To ;
subject (woolen cloth) to the ^
action of teasels, in order to 'i
raise a nap.
Tea'spooif (ty«p«5n0, ».
Small spoon for stirring and
idpping tea, coffee, etc, and for
other purposes.
TMt(t«t),n. iAB.tii,tUt.)
1. The protuberance through
which milk is drawn from the
udder or breast of a mammal ;
a nipple ; pap ; mammilla; dug ;
tit. 8. SmiUl noule in machhi-
ery resemblinc^ an animal's teat.
Common Teatel (Diptacva
/uikmvm).
hl-ly (t»chnf-iy), adv.
In a techy manner. [techy.
Tooh'1-OMS, n. The behig
Toohllio (tSk'nTk), Teoh'lllo-al (-uT-kal), a, [Or.
rcxi'ucoc, fr. riyyn an art.] Pert, to the useful arte, or !
to any science, business, etc. — Tooh1ll04d-ly, adv. I
Tooh'ai-oall-ty (-nT-kiaT-tJ^), n. 1. A being tech- !
nical. 2. Something peculiar to any trade, sect, etc.
ToohlllOST n. Doctrine of arts in general; such
branches of learning as respect the arts.
Teoll'lllaiM' (tSk/nSkO, n. [F.l Technic skill.
Too3i-iiora-Ky (-usi'd-jy), n. Xqt. rixyn + -'o^O
Industrial science; systematic knowledge of the in-
dustrial arts. — Tooh-nol'o-siBt, n. — Tooh'no-Ioff'lo ;
(-nd-i5jTk), Tocb^no-lofflo-al, a.
Tocb'y (tech']^), a. [OF. tache, teche, a spot, blem-
ish, habit, vice.] Peevidh ; fretful ; irriuble.
TaO-tOn'IO (tek-tSnTk), a. [Or. rcrrovucdc, fr. tcictwi',
-Toit>c, a carpenter, builder.] Pert, to building.
Teo-ton'ios, n. Science, or art, of constructing im-
plements, vessels, dwellings, or other edifices.
Tdd (t^), V. t. [Icel. uSja to spread manure, fr. ta9
manure.] To spread, or turn from the swath, and scat-
ter for drying (new-mowed grass, etc.).
Tod'der, n. A machine for stirring and spreading hay.
TeA'dor, n. & v. t. Tether. 1
11 Te' De'imi (te' dS^lim). PL., fr. le (accus. of In i
thou) \~ Deitm, accus. of Deiu God.] An ancient Chris-
tian hymn of thanksgiviufr, beginning with the words,
" Te Deum laudamus^^* " We praise thee, O God."
Te'di-OIUI (tS'dT-fis or tSd'ylls), a. [L. taedioni*, fr.
taetlittm. See Tbdium.] Involving tedium ; wearisome.
— Te'Ji-«U-l7, adv. — Te'dl-OOfl-OMM, n. I
Syn. - Wearisome ; fatiguing. See Ikksomb.
Te'dl-vm <t5'dT-fira), n. [L. tafdium, f r. tafdet it dis-
gusts.] Irksomeness; wearisomoness ; tediousneas. '
Teem (tSm), v. i. [AS. teman^ /pntmi, fr. teAm. See
Tbam.] 1. To bring forth young; to produce fruit; to .
bnar ; to be pregnant ; to multiply. 2. To be full, or I
niAy to bring forth ; to abound. — Teem'tf, n.
TeeiU (tens), n. pi. [See Tkn.] The years of one's
ag« having the termination -teen (thirteen to nineteen). |
T^e^er (te'tSr), r. i. & t. [Prov. K. tUtfr to tremble, '
to seesaw. ] To move up and down on the ends of a bal-
anr^ed plank ; to seesaw. [U. S.I I
Taoth (tsth), n., »/. of Tooth.
Teeth (tSth), r. /. To breed, or grow, teeth. I
Teeth'lng (tSth^ng), n. First growth of teeth ; phe-
nomena attending their piercing the gums ; dentition. I
Tee-tO'Ua (tS-tCtal), a. Entire ; toUl. [Co/Z/xy.] '
Tee-tO'tal-er, n. One pledged to entire abstinence
from intoxicating drinks. — Tee-tO'tal-lSlll, n.
Tee-tonal-ly, <7/fr. Entirely; totally. [Co/%.]
Tee-tO^tnai (-tfim), n. [For T-totum. It was used
for playing gmuiet of chance, and was four-sided, one ■
bearing the letter T (for Latin Mum all), meanini
all that U staked. 1 A kind of top, twirled by the 1_^
Teg 'Q-lar (tgg'ft-lSr), a. [LL. teguluHM, fr. L. t^ffvla
tile.] Pert, to, arranged like, or consisting of, tOes.
Tec^-maot, n. [L tegumentum, f r. tegere to cover.]
1. A cover ; integument. 2. Covering of a Uring body ;
skin ; hide. — Tci^'Q-IIMB'U-nr (-men^tA-rfX ^
Tea (ta), n. [OF. ; L. fi/ia. J The Ume tree, or linden.
Tel'0-SXim (tiQ'Hlrim), n. [Gr. rfiXt far + -grmm.}
A message sent by telegn^h ; telegraphic dispatch.
Tel'e-ffXapIl (-grAf), n. [Gr. t^ -f -^nmA.] Appe-
ratus, or process, for communicating rapidly between die-
tant points, esp. by signals, words, or signs, transmitted
by electrical action. — r. /. To announce oy telegraph.
-Te-lern-PlMr (tt-Wg'ri.fJr or USFl-grif/Jr), n,—
Tel'e-ffxapliio (t«Kt<gilfTk), Ttf/^^TmphliHd (-T.
kol), o.
Te-lM^-plllst (tt-lSg'ri.rrst or tffl'Hp^nrst), n.
One skilled in telegraphy ; a telegrai^r.
Te-lecfim-phy (tl-lBg'rA-Q^), n. The construBUng, or
communicating by means of, telegraphs.
Tele-Ol'O-ffy (tClt-Sl^-jy or tn^l-), n. [Gr. r4kot,
T^Atot, end or issue -f -logy!) The doctrine of the final
causes of things ; doctrine of adaptation to purpose.
II Tele-OS^e-l (-^e^tt-n, n. pi. [NL., fr. Oi. WJUor.
complete + hvr^ bone. J A subclass of fishes inclndiug
all the ordinary bony flshea, as disting. f r. the ganoida.
n Te'le^w^o-ml (-«s't«-mi), n. pi. [NL., f r. Or. rcAm
-f- oTOfuia mouth.] An extensive diviidon of fishes in-
cluding the ordinary fishes (Teleostei) and the ganoida.
T^I'e-^hOlM (tSl't-fSn), n. [Or. rifJU far off -f- 4«r9
sound.] Instrument for repro-
ducing sounds, esp. articulate i
speech, at a distance. — r. /. To I
announce by telephone.
The ordinary ^telejph(me
essentially of a
-, 1 currents of elec
produced by sounds through tl
" certain mechanical d .
exactly corresponding
sgency of certain mechanical de-
vToes and exactly corresponding
in duration and Intensity to the
vibrations of the air which attend
them, are tranamitted to a dis-
tant station, and there, acting
suitable mechanism, reproduce
similar sounds by repeating the
suitable mechanism, rej
similar sou * *
vibrations.
Tel'e-^lMllio (-fSn^k)^
4t I>lthhiiifn
E lr.:.ti ; 6 lk^l>blla et
II « t il Ci ippf r VV irr iiir-
:v ?■ (h^-f TKlcif ■ Strrl
£.. Ilir n.Tld.
'. ^ « ; / inct thi-lnf*
hr On.rdl. 'tTiti fvtm
f.T«-..j.K.
1. Conveying sound to a great ||,.
distance. 2. Pert, to the tele- n^
phone ; by the telephone. ^
T•l'e^M0P6(-■k5p),n. [Or. J
Ti)Ae<ricdiro« viewing afar; t^A* t)
-\- VKonii a watcher, akin to it^
vKontlr to view.] Optical in- in'
strument for viewing distant "f
objects. — V. i. To slide one » i>mii.r.iiitf r
within another, like sections of
a spyglass ; to collide, as railroad cars, so tliat the end
of one penetrates the end of another. iReeenf]
Tel'O-MOp^ (-skSpOfk), ) a. 1. Pert, to a telescope ;
Ter^MOpto^d (-T-kfll), I performed br a telescope.
2. Seen or discoverable only by a telescope. 3. Farseeing ;
f ar-reachhig. 4. Having the power of extension by jointo
sliding one within another, like the tube of a spygUss.
Tell (t«l), r. /. [imp. & p. p. Told (taid) ; p. pr. A
rb. n. Tklling.] [AS. teUan, It. lain tale,number,speech.]
1. To mention one by one ; to recount ; to enumerate ) to
reckon ; to number. 2. To ntter in detoll ; to narrate.
3. To publish ; to disclose. 4. To scquaint ; to inform.
6. To command. 6. To ascertain by observing ; to find
out. ^ r. t. 1. To give an account ; to report. 2. To
take effect ; to produce a marked effect.
a, e, I, o, n, long ; A, «, T, ft. A, ^, short ; senfite, «vent, tdea, 6bey, finite, cAre, iUn, Ask, ^ fla«|l.
T£LLfiIt
571
TENDER
ftll'er (tSl'Sr), n. L One who tells or oommunioatat ;
tn informer or deaoriber. 8. A bank officer who receiTea,
couoU, and pays out, money. 3. Counter of votes.
VaU/fala^ (ta'tB'), a. Telling tales; babbUuR. — n.
1. One who officiously communicates information of
others* priTate concerns ; one who tells that which pru-
dence should suppress. 2. Contrivance for indicating or
recording somethiiw, for showinff direction of the itind,
course <rf a ship, helgUt of water m a steam boiler, etc
Ttf-ltt'llo (-iVrTk), a. [L. tellm, 4urU, the earth.]
L Pert, to, or proceedinff from, the earth. 8. Pert, to,
derived from, or resemblmg, tellurium.
Tel-lQ'll-lim (-rT-lim), n. [NL., fr. L. teUut, 4urU.}
Nonmetallic element, amdogous to sulphur and selenium.
Ttf'Vta (tn^fSr), n. [Or. rifAc far + ^pw to bear.]
Mode of conveying vehicles or loads by electricity.
Ts^har lias, or Tslpbsr road, line or road con veyuig elec-
tric currents which move vehicles carrying loads.
Ttf 'phV-aCf (-tj ; 2), n. Locomotion by electricity.
Ttf ' V-gV (tn^S&^ObOi n« I. A Dravidian bmguage of
Midraa. 2. One of the people sneaking this Unguage. —
a. Pert, to this Isnguage or people. [Sfwlt also IWoo^oo.]
Tt-mtrl-ty (tt-mSrT-ty), n, [Lb temeritatf fr. temere
by chance, rashly.] Unreasonable contempt of danger.
Sjn. — TiMssmr ; Rashkvs ; precipitancy ; heedless-
ness ; venturesomeness.— TemerUy is Latin, and nuhness
is Anglo-Saxon. The Latin term u more dignified ; the
Anglo-Saxon more familiar and energetic Temerity Is an
unreasonable contempt of danger ; rashness is a rushing
into danger from thoughtlessness or excitement.
Tcm'iper (tSm'pSr), v. L [AS. temprian or OF. ten^
rT.] L To mingle in proportion ; to qualify ; to soften.
To fit together ; to adjust. 9. To bring (metal) to a
proper hardjaess.—fi. 1. Due mixture of qualities ; just
combination. 2. Ooostitution of bodv; temperamenL
9. Dispmition of mind. 4. Moderation; equanimity.
6. Heat of mind or passion; proneness to anger. [CoUoq.'\
6. State of a metal, etc., as to hardness.
Brn.— Temperament ; humor; mood. See Disrosrnoir.
Taillfpcr-a-IIMIlt (-4-ment), n. [L. temperamentum.'\
1. Intemid constitution. 2. A tempering or modifying ;
adjustment. 3. Peculiar physical and mental character
of an IndividuaL
Twnf^MT-AllM, n, [L. temperantia,'] Habitual mod-
eration of the app^tes and passions ; restrained indul-
^VDoe ; moderation in using intoxicating liquors.
Tan^POT-ata (-it), a. [L. temperatus^ p. p. of temp^
arc] i. Moderate ; not excessive 2. Not violent ; cool ;
~*~ 8. Moderate in Uidulging the appetites or pas-
il^-ata-ly, adv. — Trai'Mr^
TMB'per-a-tim (-i-tor ; 40), n. [L.r0mpcra/tiradue
measure, temper, temperament.] 1. Oonstitution ;
state ; degree of anv quality. 2. Degree of heat or cold.
Tdn'lpilt (-pSvt), n. [OP. tempesle, fr. L. tempesUu
portion of time, season, weather, storm, akin to tempus
time.] 1. A furioQS storm. 2. Violent tumult or com-
motion. — Tcm-pas^-oiu (-pSsa6-fis ; 40), a. ~ Ttni-
fMOa-Ons-ly, adv. ~T«lll-p«i^-«U-IMM, n.
Sjn.— Storm ; agitation ; perturbation. See Storm.
Tam^lar (-plSr). n. [F. tempUer. See Tbmplb a
ebnrch.j 1. One of a religious and military order of the
Middle Ages, to protect pilgrims and the Holy Sepulcher.
8.' A Lonidon student of Uw. 3. Member of a certain
rder among Freemasons, also, among temperance men.
Ttm^plaW (-pltt), n. Templet.
Tatt'^ (USm'pM), n. [OF. temple, fr. L. lemporo,
tempus; pern, orig., the right place, fatal spot.] Space,
on either side of the head, back of the eye uid forehead,
and in front of the ear.
T«B'>to,i». [AS. <0mM<.fr.L.lemp/tim space marked
oat, sanctuary, templet 1. Place or edifice dedicated
to the worship of some deity. 2. A church.
Tcm'^tot (-plSt), n. [LL. tempUUus vaulted, fr. L.
Umplum a small timber.] A gauire, pattern, or mold, for
shaping mechanical wore. [Spelt also /<>m/)//7/f.]
Tem^nl (t^m'pt-rol), a. [L. temporalis^ fr. torn*
pora temples of the head.] Pert, to the temples.
Tcm'po-nd, a. [L. temporalis^ fr. tempus^ -ports,
time, appointed time] 1. Pert to time or to this world ;
secular. 2. Civil or political, as disting. f r. ecclesiastical.
— n. Anything temporal or secular ; a temporality.
Tem^po-nd^ty (-rUT-tfV, n. [L. lemporalUas, LL.,
possessions of the church.] 1. A being temporary ; — opp.
to perpetuitv, 2. That which pertains to temporal wel-
fare ; material Interests; revenue of au ecclesiastic from
lands, tenements, or lay fees, tithes, etc. ; —chiefly in pi.
Tmkyo-tm-rj (-rt-i^), a. [L. temporariiu, fr. tem-
pus.'] Lasting for a time only; not permanent. — Tem'-
po-n-rl-ly, adv. — Tcm'po-ni-rl-iiMS, n.
Ttn'po-rild (-ris), V. i, [F. temporiser."] To comply
with the time or occasion ; to humor the current of opin-
ion or circumstances ; to trim, as between two parties.
— Tem'M-rl'Mr, %. — Tem'po-rl-ia'tion, n.
TMnpi (tSmt), V. t. [OF. tempter, tenter, fr. L. ten-
tare, temptare, to handle, feeL tnr, freq. fr. tendere, ten-
tum and leiwum. to stretch.] L To put to trial ; to
pmre ; to tast, 2- To lead into evil. 3. To endeavor to
livn)Lijibd« ; en ffiilnr.-t' : Lo tEi»tL$,^.ite. — TflmpCa-Ue, a.
St II. — To entice ; Drihire : ELttrH-tct ; decoy ; seduce.
Temp-tft'Uaa {i^^miyX^'thmLy, n. 1. A temothig to
¥Mi; atMluiaiiiu. 2. A t>eliipt tempted, or enticed to evil.
3. Iji^|iKcuji2^v>t ; cUliirt4Di«iit. [Satan, or the Devil. I
T eropt'er [ li- m l 'Sr), n. On? who tempts or entices ; |
Tempt 'r«a« ^j*i!), n. A w&t]fcAn who entices.
Ten r .- 5 0 . . -r f A % /?« , fihi , if/n, tine; akin to D. tien,
L. -C-.4., Lu ^v--. ., ui. Ainrn.} uue more than nine. — fi.
1. The number one greater than nine ; ten units or ob-
jects. 2. Symbol representing ten units, as 10, x, or X.
Tan'a-tlle (tSn'i-bn), a. Tf., fr. tenir to hold, L. te-
nere.'] Capable of being held, maintained, or defended.
-Tan'a-bU-oaaa, T«i'a-liUl-ty {-Vii^-tf), %.
Ta-na'dona (tl-nl'sh&s), a. [L. tenax, -nacis, fr. te-
nere.'\ 1. Holding fast: inclined to retain. 2. Retentive.
3. Cohesive ; tough. 4. Olutinous ; viscous ; adhesive.
6. Closeflsted; miserly. 6. Holding stoutly to one*s
opinion or purpose ; obstinate. — Te-oa'cloua-ly, adv.
— Ta-na'oloiia-iiMa, Ta-naoa-ty (-nis^-tj^), n.
Tan'an-ay (tSn'on-sj^), n. [OF. tenance. See Tnr-
Airr.] Temporary possession of another's property.
Tail'antC-^nt),!!. [F..p.pr.of/m<rtohold.] L One
who holds real estate belonging to another ; — correl. to
landlord. 2. A dweller ; occupant. — v. t. To occupy
or possess as a tenant.
Tan'aitt-a-Ua, a. Fit to be rented.
Tan'aitt-laaa, a. Having no tenants ; unoccupied.
Tan'ant-nr (-ry), n. Tlie body of tenants.
TanOh (tench), n. [OF. tenche, L. tinoa.'} A Euro-
pean fresh-water fiah allied to the carp.
Tand (tSnd), V. t. & i. [Aphetic form of attend,"] 1.
To accompany and assist or protect ; to care for the wants
of ; to guard. 2. To be attentive to ; to note carefully.
Tand, V. i* [F. tendre, L. tendere, tensum and tentum,
to stretch, extend, tend ; akin to Or. nCyttv to stretch.]
1. To move in a certain direction. 2. To be directed,
as to anv end or purpose ; to aim ; to contribute.
Tand'an-oy (tSnMra-sj^), n. [L. tendens, -dentis, p. pr.
of tendere.'] Direction or course toward any place, ob-
ject, effect, or result ; drift ; Influence.
Sjn. — Disposition; inclination; drift; scope; aim.
Tand'er, n. 1. One who tends; a nurse. 2. Vessel
employed to attend other vessels, to supply them with
stores, convey intelligence, etc. 3. Car attached to a
locomotive, for carrying fuel and water.
Tan'dar (tfin'dir), r. t. [F. tendre to stretch, reach,
Ju. tendere.] 1. To offer in payment of a demand. 2. To
present for acceptance. — n. 1. An offer (of money to
pay a debt, of service, etc.). 2. A proposal. 3. Thing
offered ; money offered in payment of an obligation.
Tan'dar, a. [F. tendre, L. tener.] 1. Easily Impressed
fgra, recant, Orb, r^de, f^Uf f^i^ fdbd, ftfbt, out, oil, obair, go, sing, iQk, then, tbin.
TENDfillLOm
6?2
t£HM
topm* qut~.,. „,
Khowinff \}\*M by
which they cling.
or injured ; not firm or hard ; delicate. 2. SensiUe to
impreauon and pain ; easily pained. 3. Physically weak ;
effeminate. 4. Busceptibleof love, compassion, kindness ;
pitif oL 6. Careful not to injure ; — with of. 6. Adapted
to ezdte feeling or sympathy ; imthetic. 7. Apt to give
pain ; delicate. — TWder-ly, adv. — Ten'der-naM, n.
, Syn. --Delicate ; effeminate : soft ; sensitive ; compas-
siooate ; kind ; humane ; merciful; pitiful.
Ten'dar-ladll' (ten'dSr-loinO, n. A tender part of the
hind quarter of beef and pork.
Ten'di-llOlUI (-dT-nfis), a. 1. Pert to, or like, a ten-
don. 2. Full of tendons; sinewy.
Tttfaim (-dOn), n. [F., fr. L. Undere to stretch.]
Cord uniting a muscle with some other part ; sinew.
Tm'dlU (-drll), n, [OF. tendriUont prop., tender
branch of a pUnt.] A slender, leafless .
portion of a plant attaching it to a sup- « ^
porting body, after which the tendril
usually contracts by coiling spirally.
Te-Bsmi-OU (tt-nS'brT-tfs), Teil'e-
teOM' (tSn't-brSsO, T«ll'0-1»roiUI
(-brtts), a. [L. tenfbronu, fr. tenebrae
darkness.] Dark ; gloomy ; dusky.
T«l'0-m«llt(t6n'l-m0nt),n. [OF., ^^m^^^v
aholding. a fief, fr. L. tenere to hold.] Tendril.. A CoUing
A dwelling house; apartment, or Tendril of Grape-
suite of rooms, in a building, used by IP® < ^ E n d « of
one family. T^^^ fL^J^i"^
8yii.-TK«iiErriHoTOi; dwell- f»P^.<n^^r/A''^
ing ; habitation. — There may be
many hotttes under one roof, but they
are completely separated from each other by party walls.
A tenement may be detached by itself, or it may be part
of a house divided off for the use of a family.
Ten'Vt (-^t), n. [L. /ener he holds, fr. /en^*«.] Opin-
ion, dogma, or doctrine^ which a person holds as true.
Srn. — Doctrine ; opinion ; position. See Doom a.
TthfoUl^ (-f51d0, a. & adv. Ten times repeated.
Ttn'llls (-nls), n. [OE. tnteis, perh. fr. F. tenez hold
or take it, fr. tenir to hold.] Gome of keeping a boll in
motion by striking It with a racket or with the open hand.
Ttn'on (-tin), n. [F., fr. ienir.'^ End of a piece of
wood shaped for inaeition into a mortise,
to secure together the parts of a frame.
— r. /. To fit for insertion into a mortise.
Tsaon saw, a saw with a thin, stiffened
blade, for cutting tenons.
Ten'or (-«t), n. [L., f r. tenere to hold.]
1. A Iiolding on in a continuous course ;
general tendency; career. 8. Drift of
thought ; purport ; meaning. 3. (a) The
higher male voice ; part in the harmony adapted to this
voice. (6) One singing the tenor.
TMl'ptmi' (-pTnz'), n. A game resembling ninepins,
but played with ten pins. iU.8.'\
Tmum (t9ns), n. [OF. ten*^ prop., time, L. tempM
time, tense.] A form of a verb indicating the time of the
action ; modification of verbs to indicate time.
Tenae, a. [L. tenderer fmmm, to stretch.] Stretched
tightly ; rigid. —Tensely, adr. — Teuse'ness, n.
Ten'lUe (t9n'sTl), a. [See Tsksb, a."] 1. Pert, to ex*
tension. 2. Capable of extension ; ductile.
Ten'ston, n. [L. teruio^ fr. tender f.} 1. A stretch-
ing or being stretched or strained. 2. Extreme strain
of mind or excitement of feeling ; intense effort. 3. A
device for tightening tli» stitch in a sewinc; machine.
Ten'aor (-sSr), n. [NL.] a muscle tliat stretches a
part, or renders it ten»*».
Tent (t«nt), V. t. [OF. tenfer.'\ To probe, sesreh, or
keep open with a tent. — n. (n) A roll of lint or linen,
p{ec« of sponge, or other nbeorbent, nfte*! to dilate a nat-
ural cMiAi, to keep opex the orifice of a wound, or to ab-
■orb discharges, (b) A probe for se-trchinif a wound.
Tent, n. [L. tenaere^ fentum.'] A pnvilion of c<«nvjw,
etc., sustained by poles. — r. i. To lodge as in a tent.
Ten^-ele (tSnti-k'l), n. [NL. tenlaeulum, fr. t.
tentarc to handle, feel.] A alender organ of sense, pre-
hension, or motion, attached to the head of certain In-
sects, polyps, etc. — Ten-tac'n-lar (-tSk^-UIr), a.
Ten'ta-tt¥e (-t&-tTv), a. [L. tentart to try."] Vett.
to a trial ; experimentaJ. — n. An essay ; experfanent.
Tenter, n. [QE. & OF. tentitre a stretching, fr. L.
tenderer tentuin.\ Frame for stretching cloth bv hooks,
so ttaiX it may dry evm and aquare.— f. i. ^ admit
extension, ^v. L To hang or stretch on tentera.
Tentsr-book, a sharp, hooked nail for fastening doth on
a tenter. — To bs en tbs tenters, or on ths t«Btsr»hodk8, to be
on the stretch ; to be in distress or suspense.
Tenth (tSnth), a. [AS. tedSa.} 1. Next in aider
after the ninth ; coming after nine <^hers. 2. Constitu-
ting one of ten equal parts Into which anything is divided.
^n. 1. The next In order after the ninth. 2. Quotient
of a unit divided by ten ; one of ten equal parts. 3.
Tenth part of annual produce, income, increaae, etc. ;
a tithe. 4. Interval between any musical tone md that
on the tenth degree of the staff i^ve it.
Tenthly, adv. In the tenth place.
Ten'n-l-loe'ter(t8n'*-T-r?fcn8r),n. [NL.,fr.L.fflM«i«
thin -f- rottrum beuL] One of the Tenuirostrea.
II Ten'n-l-nNKtrM l-trB*), n. pi. An artificial group
of passerine birds having slender bills, as the humming
birds. — Ten'n4-roetxnit a*
Tentl-oas (-ft-Qs), a. [L. tenftU.\ 1. Tbin ; sfen-
der ; minute. 2. Rare ; subtile ; run dense ; — aaid of
fiuids. — Te-nnl-ty (tt-nuT-tj^), n.
Ten'nre (tSn'fir), n. [F., fr. tenir to hold.] 1. A
holding (property, eap. real estate). 2. Manner <rf hold-
ing lands ana tenements of a superior.
Tep'e-fy (tSp^fl), v.t.&i. [L tepere to be tepid -f-
•fy^ To make or become tepid. — Te>e-fMKISail, m.
Tepid, a. £L.<ej9idtM,frJepefvO Mod
[Heb. teripf^m.^ ' Im-
Moderately warm ;
- (trj)IdT-H^), n.
o One form of
Tenon.
lukewarm. — Tep^-ness, Te-p
Tef'a-plllm(tfr'A-fTm),n.pl. _ , ^
ages consulted by the Israelites for oracular answers.
Ter-cen'te-na-ry (t8r.s»nt#-nt-ry), a. [L. ter thrice
4- E. centenary. '\ Including, or relating to, an Interval
of 300 years. — n. Hie 300tl) anniversary of any event ;
celebr^on of such an anniversary. [turpentine tree, j
Ter'e-Mntll (t«r^-bTntii),n. t<>r. r«p^/lt»«or.] Tlie|
Ter'e-blntlilo (-bTnthTk), Tero-Mntlilne (-thin),
a. Pert, to, or like, turpentine.
Te-re'de (tt-rS'd^ or tSr-S'dt), n,;jpt. E. TsKsnot
(-d5x), L. TsRsonm (tt-rCdT-nesV. [L.] A genus of
wormlike Invalve mollusks which oore into snbmerged
wood, bottoms of ships, etc. ; shipworm.
Te-rete^ (tt-rStOv a. [L. teres^ -retU^ rounded off, fr.
terere.'} Cylindrical and slightly tapering ; columnar.
Tergal (tSr'gol), a. [L. /^r^m the back.] Pertana-
ing to the back, or tergum.
Tergl-Ter-Mtion (tJr'jT-vJr-dJ'shfin), n. [L. terf>.
rerxafio, fr. tergtversari^ •satits^ to turn ooe*s back;
tergum -|- verrnre^ freq. of rerlere to tmm.] 1. A ahift-
ing ; subterfuge ; evasion. 2. Fickleness ; change.
II Ter'gnm (-gfim), n. / pi. Tkboa (-gA). [L. J B
of an uiimal.
Term (tSrm), n. [F. terme^ L. termen^ -minU.termU
nut, boundary, limit, end.] 1. Limit ; boundary. 2. Time
nnything lasts. 3. In schools, etc., a period of Instruc-
tion. C In geometry, a limiting point, line, or superfi-
cies. 6. Time of holding a court. 6. Subject or predi-
cate of a logical proposition. 7. A word or expresrion,
esp. one pecniliar to a eclence, art, profession, etc 8. A
member of a compound quantity in algebra. 9. pi. Con-
ditions. — r, t. To apnly a term to ; to name ; to call.
83m, — Tbrm ; Word ; limit ; bound ; boundary ; con-
dition ; stipulation ; exnression. — Word is generic ; It de-
notes an utterance which exprensee our thoughta and feel-
Back
ings. term origlnnlly denoted one of the two essential
m**rabers of a propositif
word of ppecirlc
m*»rabers of a propooition in logic, and henoe signlfief^ a
meaning, and applleahle to a definite
ft, 9, 1, 5, II, long ; ft, d, 1, 5, 0, ft short ; sonftte, 6vent, Idea, dbey, tinite, cftre, l&rm, ftsk, |^, fiaoL
TEBMAQANCT
573
TESTACEOUS
dMiof obteeto. Thu, we may apeak of » tdratlflo or »
teohnloel tertn, end of ttatiiis thinse in dUtmct temw.
Tv'BU-Ciat (tSKmi-gaut), ». [OF. Tervagan^ a
fabled Mjhaminedaii deity, repfeMnted in the ancient
moralitiee as extremely vociferous and tomoltuoos.] A
brawling, turbulent person ; — now used only of women.
»a. Boisterous; scolding. — Ter'lBUl-gan-eT, n.
II Tntmm (-mSz), n. ; p7. TnMTns (-mT-tSs). [L. ter-
mej, -militt a woodworm, j A genus of insects induding
white ants, or termites.
TCT'Dl-IIA-ttle (-mT-nA-b1), a. Ci^iable of being ter-
minated or bounded ; limitable.
To'llll-iul (-nan, a. [Lb terminalU. See Tbbm, n.]
1. Pert, to the end or extremity. 2. Growing
at the end of a branch or stem ; terminating. —
n. That wliioh ends ; termination ; extremity.
TcT'Dl-liat* (-nat), v. i. [L. terminare^ -no-
turn.} 1. To set a term or limit to ; to bound.
8. To put an end to. 3. To complete ; to per-
fect.—v. <. To be limited ; to end ; to cease.
Ttrml-IMtloa, n. 1. A terminatinsr, limit-
ing, setting bounds, or concludins. 8. Bound ;
end ; conclusion ; result. 3. Endmgof a word ; TerminAl
final sylUble or letter ; part added to a stem in B"*^-
inflection. — Tor'llli-IMHlon4d, a. rflnitive. I
Tai'llli-lia-tiT*, o. Terminating; determining; de-|
Tai'llli-llOl'e-^ (-nSl'ft-jj^), n. [L. termimis term -\-
-toyy.] 1. Doctrine or theory of terms or appellatioua ;
treatise on terms. 8. Terms used in any business, art,
science, etc ; nomenclature ; tedmical terms.
Ter'llll-BllS (-nfis), ft. ;pl. TBaimn (-»i). [L.] 1. A
boundary ; border ; limit. 8. Either end of a railroad
line ; sti^on or city at that place.
Tei'talto (-mit), n. ; pi, TsaMrras (-raits). [F. See
Tbbmss.] An insect very abundant in tropical countries,
of very destructive habits, and in social habits reseiu-
bling the true ants ; white ant. [to tlie gulls. I
Teni (tSm), n. [Dan. tein%e.'\ Aquatic bird, allied |
Ter'nJI-ry (t8r'n4-ry), a. [L. temariug, fr. temi three
each, three; akin to tres three.] 1. Proceeding by
threes ; consisting of three. 2. Containing three differ-
ent chemical parts, as elements, atoms, groups, or radi-
csls, which have different functions in the molecule. — n.
The number three ; three things taken together ; a triad.
Ter'ntta (-ntt), a. [NL. /«ma/u«, fr. L. /em j.] Hav-
ing the parts arranged by threes.
rm^^Xf (tSm'plStO, n.
Thin iron sheets coated with an
alloy of lead and tin ; — so called
because made up of tkree metals.
fl Ter^ (Wr^r*), n. [It. & L.]
The earth ; earth.
Ttrra eoMa. [It., fr. terra +
M//a, fem. of eo//o cooked, L.rmv _ , , .
fw, p. Dw of eoauere to cook.1 Ternst«l^sf.
Baksd clay ; hard pottery used for statues, architectural
decorations, figures, vases, etc. — Terra flrma [L.], firm or
solid earth, as opp. to waier.
Tm^TMM (-rts; 2), n. [F. terratsey fr. L. terra.'] 1.
A raised bank of earth. 2. A balcony. 3. A flat roof to
a house. —V. /. To form into a terrace.
T«fra-pln (-rA-pTn), n. [Proh. nf Amer. Indian ori-
gin.] A tortoise
living In fresh and
brtckish waters.
Many kinds are
valued for food.
Ter-n'qne-oiifl
(-ri'kwt-fla), a.
[L. terra -|- E. | .^
aqueous.'] Consist-
ing of land and wa- I>ii[m>n<l-T^>ck tvr >.:].]t.\\m^it J
^f, ( Jln/cwletntH^n palurtriA).
TOT-mt' (-rSnO. «. [L. terrenm, fr. term.] 1.
to the earth ; earthy. 2. Earthly ; terrestrial.
J
. Pert.
Ttr-liB^tllr«l (Uh^rie^rT-al), a. [L. terrettrU, fr.
ierra.] 1. Pert, to, or existing, on the earth. 2. Repre-
senting, or consisting of, the earth. 3. Pert, to the world ;
mundane. 4. Condsting of land ; belonging to, or in-
habiting, the ground, as disting. fr. trees, water, etc.
Tar^-Ue (-rT-b'n, a. [F., fr. I* terrilrilU. fr. terrtre
to frighten.]^ Fitted to excite terror, awe, or dread ; for-
midable. — Tar^-ble-OMS, n. — Ttr^-blT, adv.
Syn. — Terrific; fearful; horrible; shocking; awful.
Ter'rl-er (-rT-8r), n. [F. terrier^ chien terrier^ fr.
terre the earth, L. terra.] A small dog of great courage,
acute smell, strong propensitv to hunt burrowing animals,
and great^tivity in destrojdng rats, etc.
Tor-lino (-rIFTk), c. fL. terriheu*; it. terrere to
frighten 4- /acere to make.J Causmg terror ; terrible.
T«rttl.|y (-rl-n), e. /. CL/«rr»r« to frighten -h-/y.]
To alarm or shock with fear ; to frighten.
TcMl-tO^-al (-tO'rT-al), a. 1. Pert, to territory or
land. 2 Umlted to a certain dUtrict.
Tor'rt-tQ-ry i-tt-rf), n. [L. territorium. fr. terra.]
1. A Uurge extent or tract of land ; region ; district. 2.
Extent of laud under the dominion of a prince, state, or
other government ; often, a tract of land lying at a dis-
tance from the seat of government. 3. In the United
States, a portion of the country not within the limita of
any State, but organized with a provisional govemmenL
Termor (-rSr), n. [L. ; akin to terrere to frighten.]
1. Extreme fear ; dread ; fright. 2. Cause of fear.
Syn. — Consternation ; dread ; diunay. See Alaxm.
Tertor-lllll, n. A terrorising, or being terrorized ;
government by intimidation. [by iiitimidatiou. I
Taf'ior-lie. v. t. To impress with terror ; to coerce j
Tena (tSrs), a. [L. tertuty p. p. of tergere to wipe
off.] Elegantly concise ; free of superfluous words. —
Tenely, adv. — Tflne^iitM, n.
Syn. — TaasB ; Comcisb ; neat ; compact. — Ter»e was
defined by Johnson ** cleanly written/* t. e., free from
blemishes, neat or smooth. Its present sense is **free
from excrescences." and hence, compact. It differs from
concise in not implying qliite as much condensation, but
chiefly in the additional idea of *' grace or elegance."
Ter'tUl (t^r'shal), a.&n. [L. teriius third.] Tertiary.
Tar'tlUl (-shon), a. [L. tertianus, fr. tertius.] Or-
curring eveiy third day.— n. A disease, esp. an inter-
mittent fever, returning every third day.
Tartlra-ry (-shT-t-r^ or -sh4-rj^), a. [L. tertiariu*
containing a third part, fr. tertius.] Being of the third
formation, order, or rank ; third. — n. 1. In geology, tlie
Tertiary era, period, or formation. 2. One of the quill
feathers upon the basal Joint of a bird's wing.
TM'Ml-Ute (tSs'sSI-lat), r. I. [L. tessellatus tesael-
lated, from tessella little cube, dim. of tessera square
piece of stone, wood, etc., a die.] To form into squares
or checkers ; to lay with checkered work. [formed. I
Tas'Ml-la'tiOll, «t. A tessellating ; mosaic work so|
Test (t«st), n. [OF. teM test, or cupel, potsherd, fr.
L. testum earthen vessel.] 1. A cupel for trying and
refining precious metals. 2. Examination ; decisive trial.
3. That with which anything is compared for proof of
its genuineness ; standard. 4. Ground of admission or
exclusion. 6. A reaction employed to distinguish any
particular constituent of a chemical compound. — v. t.
To put to the proof ; to try.
Syn. — TasT ; Trial : standard ; experience : proof ;
experiment. — Trial is the wider term ; test is r smirching
and decisive trial. It is derived from the Latin /'•-''»
(erjthen pot), early applied to the fining pot^ or eniciblet
iu which metils are melted for trial and refinement.
II TMhU'oe-a (t«ii.ta'sh*-4), n. pi. [NL., fr. L. teHa-
cetitn shelled animal.] Inverteorate animals covered
with shells; mollusks; shellfish.
Tes-ta'oean (-shon), n. One of the Testacea.
Tes-ta'060llS (-shfis), a. [L. testaretUy f r. fejtta a shell.]
1. Pert, to Mhells; having a hard itboll. 2. Having a
dull brick red color or a brownish yellow color.
fSm, recent. Orb, r^de, fyll, Ikm, food, fobt, out, oil, chair, bo, sinB« i|lk, tben, tliin.
TESTAMENT
574
TEXT
l(t««'tt-iii«it), n. [F.. fr. L. tetUanenium,
fr. tejttari to be a witueas, to nuke oue*s laat will, akin to
Ustu witneaB.1 1. Authentic inatrument in writing, by
which one decfarea hia will aa to the diapoeal of bia eatate
after hia death. 2. One of the two revelationa of Ood*8
purpoaea toward man ; one of the two diviaiona of the
aacred Bcripturea (the Old and the New Testament).
TMrta-BMBlal (-uSn'ta]), TMTU-BlMl'U-nrC-ti-rj^),
a. 1. Pert, to a will, or testamenL 2. Bequeathed by
will ; given by testament. 3. Done, appointed by, or
founded on, a testament, or wiU.
Testate (-tit), a. Haring made and left a will.
Te»-Utor(-t*'t«r),i».,TeihUtrt«(-trrka).ii./. [L.]
One who makea and leavea a will at death.
Tester (OatSr), n. [OF. testiere head coTering, f r.
teste head, L. testa earthen pot, akull.] A canopy.
Testl-ele (-tT-k'l), n. [L. testiculus, dim. of testU tes-
ticle.] One of the eaaentlal male genital glanda.
Tes'ti-fF (-fi), V. i. [L. testijleari ; testis a witoeaa +
'Jleare (in oomp.) to make.] 1. To make a aolemn decla-
ration to eatabliah aome fact ; to give teetimonv. 2. To
declare a charge ; to protest ; to bear witneas {against).
—V. I. To affirm or declare aolemnly. — T«m-fi'er
(-n/«ri n. — Tee'ti-fi-MtiOll (tSa'tT-n-kSfahlin), n.
Tesll-lFt ^v. In a teaty manner ; fretfully.
Te«'tl-llM/lli4a (-mCnT-al), n. 1. CerUficate bear-
ing testimony in faror of one*a character, ability, etc., or
of the Taloa of a thing. 2. Something presented to a
person as a token of renwct, or of obligation for ser-
vices rendered.— a. Relatuig to, or containhig, testimony.
Testl-mo-nF (-m6-nj^), n. [if. testimonium^ fr. testis.}
1. A aolemn declaration to establish some fact. 2. Open
cttestationj profesaion. 3. Witneas; evidence.
Sjn. — Tbtuiomti Fftoor; ErxDBirce; attestation;
witness; afBnuation; confirmation; averment. — Proo/
is the most familiar, and is used more frequently (though
not exclusively) of facU and things which occur in the
ordinary concerns of life. Evidence is more generally
applied to that which ia moral or intellectual. Testl
vtonu is what ia depoaed to by a witneaa on oath or aflBr-
mation, and refera rather to the thing declared, evidence
to ita value or effect.
Testl-ness, n. The being testy ; p^tulsnoe.
Tes-ta'di-iul (-tuMT-nal), a. [Bee Tbstddo.] Pert
to, or like, a tortoiae.
||Tes-t1l'dl-lia'U(-nrtA),n.p/. [NL. SeeTisTDDO.]
An order of >^^^^^^vA B
reptiles in-
cluding tur-
tles and tor-
toises, and
having the
body covered
by a shell
conaiating of
sn upper or
doraal shell,
called the
earapace^
and a lower
®K \x ° * i'iIL! One of the Tertudinata.
shell. caUed ^ Carapace « W Vertebml Plate, t a to d
the plastron^ Coetal PUte. i m «' Marginal Plate*.
each conaiat- R PIa«truu : e Plates under Throat i / Hn-
inff of aeveral meral Plat<-> : g I\*cu>ral PUtea ; A Abdominal
nIntMi. Plntea \ i Feinural PlaUa ; J Aual Plate* ; 4:
dlB'e-OlU (tevtft-dTn'^-fiR), a. Like a tortoiae*a ahell.
II Tes-tn'do (-tu'dftj, n. / pt. TasTUDima (-dT-nSz).
SL., fr. lestn shell of ahellflah or of tewtaceoua animals.]
.. A genua of terreatrial tortoises. 2. A acreen which
a body of Roman troops formed by holding their shields
over their heads when standing cloae to each other.
TestF (ttSs'tj^). a. [OF. testu obatinatc, headstrong,
fr. teste the hea«l.] Fretful ; petulant ; easily irriUted.
I Te-tlBlA (tt-tluTk), a. [L. tetanitM* sufferloff i
I tetanua.] 1. Pert, to, or like, tetanoa. 2. Prodn
tetanus.— n. A substance (as nux vomica and strych-
nine) which, either as a remedy or as a poison, acts ou
the spinsl cord, and, taken in large quantity, produces
tetanic spasms or convulsions.
II Tefa-miS (tet'4-uila), n. [L., fr. Or. Wrwoc, fr.
reroy^ stretched, TvcVetF to strrtch. J A painful sbd usu-
ally fatal disease, resulting generallV from a wonad, and
involving persistent spasm of the voluntary mnscles.
II TSto'-4-tdle' (tlHUtit'), n. [F., head to bead.]
1. Private oonvetaation ; conference of two peraooa.
2. A short sofa for two persons.^ a. Private; oenfl-
dential. — adv. Face to faces confidentially ; familiarly:
Teth'er (tStfa'Sr), n. [Formerly tedder, OS. levftr.j
Long rope or chain fastening sn animal to a stake. —r. /.
To confine (an animal) for feeding within certain limita.
Tet^-cllOrt (tSt'rA.kdrd). n. [Or. rvrp^xop^* 'r.
rrrpaxopioii fotur-stringed ; t^/m^ (f r. rrfffvapcf four) -f-
Xopdii a chord.] A scale series of four aounas, of wbkk
the extremes, or first and last, constituted a fourth.
Ttfkm-fOn (-gOo), n. [Or. rvrpiymw, rirpm- -f
ywfioL comer, an-
gle.] A geomet-
rical plane figure
having four sides
and angles;
a qnadranffle,
square, rhombua,
etc — Tt-tng'-
o-nil (tt-ti^.
nfll), a* ,^
Tat ra lie'drOB (UJfrA-hJ'drttn), n. iUtf- •{- Or.
IS^a H»t, b^>.] A solid figure In-
c\o^d b>- fi^ur triauglea. — TtC'ni-
he'toftl t.-Mtf)rp, «.
Te-ttum'e-ter (tt-trlm'l-tir),
[Or- 74tii^tj^9¥\ rHpa- + M^^por
me;4«t')iT4>. j A verse consisting of four
measures.
TeOnmih (trtrilrk), ». [Or. re- - tw»w««.
Toipxnf ; Trfrpo- -f ipx^ rufer.] A Tatrahsdro^
Roman governor of the fourth part of a prorteoe ; de-
pendent prince ; petty king or sovereign.
Te-teardi'ate ^trfa-k^), Tefrare^y (tst^rttck-y),
Tctragona.
I (tt-tris'tTk or tSt^rA-stlkX «. [Or. w^
Office or jurisdiction of a tetrarch.
Te-truHoli:
rpaonxw; r^rpor -\- erfxoc roWi
epigram, or poem, of four unea.
Tet^-Me (t«f ri-stn), a. TOr. nrpioy^kn with
four pQlars in front ; rcrpo- -f- mAov column.1 Havinf
four oolumns in front. — e. A tetrastyle buildng .
Tet'lra-syllA-ttle (-sniA-bl), n, [Or. r^rpmavXkBfiml
A word of four ayllables ; quadrlsyUahle. — Tsm-Sff-
laMo (-sn-liyTk), Tetim-syMiMHd (-T-kci), a.
T«l'lW(t8t^r),n.
of the skin ; herpes. —
Teuton (tu'ton), n.
[AB.Ieler.1 A vesicular diseeae
V. t. To atfect with tetter.
pi. B. Tbutomb (-t5ns), U Teu-
TOKiB (-tft-n&). [L. yVtf/one*, Teutoni, a Oermanic peo-
ple, prob. akki to E. Dutch,} One of an ancient Oerman
tribe ; now used to designate a Oerman, Dutchman, Scan-
dinavian, etc., as disting. fr. a Celt or one of Latin race.
Ten-tonio (-tSn^k), a, 1. Pert, to the Tentona;
Oermanic. 2. Pert, to an v of the Teutonic languacea,
or the peoples speaking them.i^n. Language of tlie
ancient Oermans ; the "^utonic languages, collectively.
Text (tSkst), n. [L. textus texture, structure, coo-
text, fr. texere, textum, to weave, ocnstmct, compose.]
1. A composition on which a note or commentary la
written ; original words of an author, disting. fr. a pem-
phrase or commentary. 2. ApasMge of Scripture quoted
as the subject of a sermon, or in proof of a doctrine. S.
Topic ; theme. 4. A style of wrinng in Urge characters ;
a Idnd of type used In printing ; aa, Oerman /erf.
ft, It I, S» «» kMff I ft* «, 1, 5, «, ft shert I senate, tvent* tdse, Obart fliilte, e4ie, Una, Ask, »ll, teiih
TEXT-BOOK
575
THEOLOGIAN
TMt'-bOOk' (tSlu(a)d6kO, R. 1. A book with wide
tp»o«t between the lines, to ^ve room for uotee. 2. Vol-
unie on which a tesoher conunente ; achoolbook.
f9MftSl»{tXk^ifl)ta. [L. /«zMi«, fr. rexere to weaTe.]
Pert, to weeTing or to woven fatoios ; capable of being
woven; formed by weaving.— n. Fabric made by weaving.
VtX'tlMd (-ttt-ol ; 40), a. 1. Of, pert, to, or contained
^tbe text. 2. Serving for, or depending on, texta.
ftS'tn-A-nr (-t-rj^), a, 1. Textual 2. Serving aa a
text ; authoritative. — n. 1. One well veraed in the
Scriptures. 2. One who adhere* atrictly to the text.
TtiallUt ('ttr; 40), n. [L. textura^ fr. texere, tex-
turn,'] 1. A woven fabric ; web. 2. Dispoditiou of
threads, filaments, etc., interwoven. 3. Structure.
HThaOsr (tX'lSr), n. {O. See Dollar.] A German
iflver coin worth about 73 cents.
TklB (thin), eof^'. [AS. danne^ Sonnet tStmne ; akin
to B. /A«, there^ that.} A particle expressing comparison.
TlUUM (than), n. lAA.peffen^pegn.) A dignitary of
Aurio-Saxons and Danes in England, equivalent toabaron.
TlUUdC (thlQk), n. [AS. pane."] An expression of
grstitnde ; — generally in pi, — r. /. To express grati-
nide to (anyone) for a favor or kindness.
T]lJUlktal(-fvl),a. iAB,paru^MU.l Impressed with
a sense of kindnesa received, and ready to acknowledge
it; gratefuL —TlUIlkfnI-ly, adv.— Thaokfllll-IIMS, n.
TluaklMS, a. 1. Not acknowledging favors ; un-
tbankfuT; ungrateful. 2. Not obtaining or deserving
thinks ; nnacceptaUe. — TlUUHkflflM-AMS, n.
TlUldKB'gtrtalff (thXgks'gTvanff or thlnks^gTv^ng),
n. 1. A rendering thauka 2. Public celebration of
divhie goodness ; day set apart for religious services to
acknowledge the goodness of Ood.
TJual^'Wortliy (thlQk'wOr'tfaJ^}, a. Deserving
thanks ; worthy of gratitude ; meriUnious.
TlUlt (thSt), pron.^ a., conj.^ & adv. ; pi. Thosb, wlyon
a pron. or a. [AS. ^le/, neuter uom. & ace. sing, of the
article (originally a demonstrative pronoun).] 1. As a
demonstrative pronoun, referring to a person or thing
previoualy mentioned or understood. 2. Aa an adjective,
ikat has tbf same demonstrative force as the pronoun,
but is followed by a noun. 3. As a relative pronoun, /A/i/
is equivalent to who or tchieh. 4. As a conjunction. In-
troduchig a clause, as object of tlie preceding verb, or as
subject or predicate nouUnative of a verb ; also iutrodu-
dng a reason, cause, purpoM, consequence, result, or
affect. 6. iArehaic] As adverb : To such a degree ; so.
TllAtfdl (thich), n. [AS. p(rc a roof ; akin to peccean
to cover, L. tegn-e, Gr. artytiM.] Straw, rushes, etc.,
oovering roofs of buildings or atacks of Iwy or grain. ^
«r. /. To c<rv«r with straw, reeds, etc. — TkltOh'ar, n.
ThMWnUL-tOJt'glO (tba^rai-tOr'jTk), I a. Pert, tothau-
Thail'llUI-t1ir'glO-«l(-jT-kal), i maturgy;mag.
leal; wonderful.
Tlun'taUI-tliriy (-tOr^jy}, n. [Gr. $wtiaTWf»yia;
#aOfMi a wonder -f Ipyey work.] The performing some-
thing wonderful ; magic; legerdemain.
ThlW (thu), r. i. [AS. pateian.} L To melt, dis-
solve, or become fluid; to soften. 2. To become so
warm as to melt Ice and snow. 3. To grow gentle or
genUl. — r. /. To cause (frosen things) to melt or dis-
solve. — n. The melthig of ice, snow, etc. ; warmth of
weather suiBoient to melt tlut which is congealed.
TlM (thS, when emphatic or alone ; tht, €h*cttre be-
fore a poicel; the, obscure be/ore a consonant), drfinite
article. [AS. *?.] A word placed before nouns to in-
dividualise their meaning, '^adv. By how much : by so
much ; on that account ; — used before comparativen.
TIW'ar-OIlT (thSnir-kV), n. [Or. BtoK god -f- -archy.l
Government by God ; divinn aovpr»»ijmty ; t»i«»orracy. *
Tiie'a-tor ) (-i-tSr), n. [Gr. 9iarpo¥. fr. 0«aa«ai to nee,
TlM'a-tn ) view.l 1. Edifice, or room, in which
dramatic or other performances are exhibited. 2. Place
or region where graat events are enacted.
Thelphufeian (Tfielp/tHM jim-
riatiliii).
Tte-arao (th^-St'rTk), Tll»«rao^ (fT-kol), <s.
Pert, to a thei^re, or to scenic representations ; hiatri-
onic ; artificial. — TlM^'rlo-Al-lT, a<f r.
Tllt^flio-ALl, n. pi. Dramatic performances.
U TlM'oa (thSOcA), n. ; pi, Tjocm (-sS). [Gr. 9ijci| box,
chest, fr. r*Bwui to put.] A sheath ; case. [cies. |
ThM^(thSka4), n. A small butterfiy of many spe-l
ThM (thS), pron. [AS. tf^ ace. & dat. of «d thou.]
Objective case of thou.
1lMft(theft),». ihB.pif/(fe,pe6/ae, SeeTeiKr.] A
stealing ; the felonious taking of anotber*s property.
TlM^ (thS^n or -«n). n. [F. thSine, fr. NL. tAea.]
Bitter nriuci^ of tea ami coffee.
TbKr (thftr), pron. & a, [Icel. peirra of them, prop,
gen. pi. of the definite article ; skin to AS. dira^ gen. pi.
of the definite article.] Possessive case of the ^rsoual
pronoun they. When standing alone, the form is thetrt,
TlM'lsm (thS^s'm), n. [Gr. Bti^ God -f -um.] B.-
lief in s God, as opp. to athri»m^ pantheism, or polytite-
im. -TlMlM, n.-Tl^ls'tio (-Ts'ttk),Tll0-lstlO-al,a.
TtMl-phnld-AII (thfil-fu'sl-on), n. [Gr. ^ly nip-
ple -4- ^wiM to puff.] A
tropical river crab.
Thtm (tfa&n), pron,
[AS. Mm, dat. pL of the
article.] Oojective case
otthey.
ThMM ( t h S m ), n. i
[Gr. Btfiau fr. rtMrot to )
place.] 1. Topic on
which one writes or
speaks ; text. 2. Dis-
course, composition, or e
say. 3. A noun or verb,
not modified by infiec-
tions ; that part of a noun or verb which remains un-
changed in disclension or conjugation ; stem.
TlMin-MlTM' (thSm-aSlvsOi pron. Plural of Atm-
self, herself, and itself
ThMI (thSn), adv. [Orlg. same as than."] 1. At that
time. 2. Soon afterward, or immediately ; nexL 3. At
another time; later; again.— con;. In that case; in
consequence ; therefore ; for this reason.
8yn. — TmH ; THnvoRB. — Both words sre used in
ressoning ; but therejore takes the lead, while then is
subordinate or incidental. Therefore states reasons and
draws inferences in form ; then takes the point as proved,
and passes <m to the conclusion.
TlMnoo (tfaCna), adv. [AS. 9anon : akin to E. that,
there.} 1. From that place. 2. From that time ;
tlienceforth. 3. For that reason ; therefore.
Tktnottorth' ( tfaSos'flSrth' or tfa«us'f5rth/),T]lMHM'-
latWUH (-f 8r'w8rd), adv. From that time : thereafter.
The-OO^n-CJ (thl-5k'r4-s]^), n. [Gr. BtOKparia ; $i6f
God -f Kparccy to rule.1 1. Government of a state by
immediate direction of God ; exercise of political su-
thority by priests aa repreaenting the Deity. 2. State
thus governed.— The'O-ontlo (th«'ft-kri»ak>, Tlie'O-
orat^-al, a.
The^id'o-Uta (M'ft-Ut),
n. [Prob. corrup. of the ali-
dade gradtmted quadrant.] .
Surveyor*s instrument for
measuring angles.
The^rt^-ny (-V*-ny)»
n. [Or. Btoyoyia ; Btos a
(rod 4- root of ytyrcotfoi to
be bom.] Generation or
genealogy of the heathen
deities.
TlM'o-lo'gl-aB ith^t-lS"'
jT-<zn), n. One versed in
theology ; professor of di-
vinity ; a divine. Theodolite.
fCra, reoent, Orb, ryde, f^ Ikm, food, fon>t, out, oil, eliair, so, sins. iQk, tben, sh»»»-
THEOLOGIC
576
THICK
Thi^O-lnt^ (tbS'd-lQi'Tk), Tko'O-lorio^d, a. Pert,
to tbaology, or the acience of God and of dirine thioga. —
Tlira-loglo-al-ly, adv.
Tht'e-IOfflOS, n. Theology.
VM^'0-gSst (thl-«l'«-jl8t), n. A theologUn.
Tll*-Ol'0-glM (-jii), V. t. To reduce to a Bystem of
theology. — v. i. To theorise upou theological tubjects.
TtM^e-lOfUtCthS^-lOg),!!. 1. A theologian. 2. 8tu-
deut iu a theological seminary. [VoUoq. U. SA
Th^^'Q-gy Ubl^'d-Jt). *»• [Or- ««oAoyia ; fcik +
Adyoff diacourae. J Sdenoe of the exiateucef character,
aud attributea of God ; divinity.
TlM-orlM (-dra>«), n. [F. thSorbe, It. tiorba.l A
muaical inatrument ot the lute kind, having two neeka.
TlM'e-rMII (-^-r«m), n. [Or. tfcwptj^o, fr. tfcMp«tv to
look at.] 1. That which ia eatablished as a principle.
2. Statement of a mathematical principle to be demon-
strated, — diating. fr. a/yroMem, which la to be solved. —
TUt'o-r^-matlo (.r«.mif rk), The'a-rv-iiuitlo-al, Tlie^-
o-rtmOo (-riJmnrk), a.
TllO'a-rot^ (-rCt^k), ) a. Pert, to, depending on,
Thf Q-ntlO-al (-T-kal), ) or confined to, theory or
speculation ; unpractlcaL — TlM^Q-rttlO-Al-ly, adv.
TlM'O-zlM (-riz). V. L To lorm iheoriea ; to apeoulate.
— TlM'o-xl'ier, TiM'o-itet, n.
TlM'O-ry (-ry ), n. [Gr. $«*»pia a beholding, apectacle,
ooutemplatlon, speculation, fr. 9taa$ai to see, view.] 1.
A doctrine, or scheme of tbiugs, which terminates ui
ooutemplatioo, without a view to practice ; hypotheaia ;
speculimou. 2. An exposition of ttie abstract princi-
ples of any science. 3. The science, as distinguished from
the art. 4. Philooophical explanation of pl^oraena.
Sjn. — Thsoby; Htpotbkkis; speculation. — A theory
is a scheme ot the relations subsistiug between the porta
of a systematic whole: an hyjxMhfgif is a tentative con-
jecture respecting a cause of piienomena.
TllA-oa'O-pliy (-Bs^ft-f^), n. [Gr. 0<oao^ knowledge
of things divine ; 9«<k -f <ro^^ wise. J Any sydtera of
philosophy or mysticism which proposes to attiUn iuter-
ooorse with God by physical proces^tes ; direct, as diatiug.
fr. revealed, knnwledge of God and the divine nature. —
Th^'o-aopli'lo (-ft-sQiTk), Tliro-Mplilo-al, a. — Tlie-
TS'a-plllsm (-5.^-nz'm), n. — TlM-Ot'O-JiblSt, n.
TnOf'a-pea'Uo (thSr^A-pu'tTk), [ a. [Gr. tfeparevrucof,
TlMr'a-peil'tlO-ftl (-tT-kal). i fr. Btp<Lwtv*w to
serve, treat medically, Bipa^i servant.] Pert, to the
healing art, or to the discovering and applying remedies
for diseases ; curative. [for diseases.
TlMfa-peiltloS, n. Science of the use of remedies
Tim* (tfatr), adv, [Aa 6Br; akin to R. /A/i/.] 1.
In or at that place. 2. In that matter, relation, etc. ;
at that point, statre, etc 3. To or into that place ; thither.
8yn. — See THrrimu
Thtfra-lMor (thftr'i-boutO, Ur't?- 1- Near that
TlMTf a-lxmtS^ (-bouts^), S pUce. 2. Near that
number, degree, or quantity ; nearly.
Tker»-art«r(-Aft«r).^(/r. [AS. ^Srar/r^r.] 1. After
that ; afterward. 2. According to that ; accordingly.
Ttamr^-af (-StO* adv. 1. At that place ; there. 2. At
thnt occurrence or event ; on that account.
Thttre-IlT' (-bfO. adr. 1. By that ; by that means.
2. Annexed to that. 3. Thereabout.
Thcn-for' (-f8r'), adr. For that, or this : for It.
TSierc'fon (thftrTSr or th^KfCr). ronj. & adv. 1. For
thnt or this rea^n. 2. Consequently.
8yn. — See Tmv.
Tim* from' (thfir-fr5m0, adr. From this or that
Thtrt-tll' (-Tn'), adr. In that or this place, time, or
thing ; in that particnlnr or respect. [Into that place. I
T1l«re'in-tO'(thHr'Yn-too')f'^^»'. Into that or this, or I
TYiere-Hf' (thftr-Bf or -»v'). adr. Of this or that.
Thv^iaf i-^u^). adr. [A^.SSeron.] On that or this.
There-omf (-«"tO. ^dv. Out of that or this.
TSiere-tO' (-t<R/), rdr. To that or this.
-to' (thtr'lin-teo'), a(/r. Unto that or thb,
thereto; besides.
Tbtmip-oa' (-ap-8oO« adv. l. Upon that or this;
thereon. 2. On account, or in conaequence, of that ;
therefore. 3. Immediately ; at once ; without delay.
TllAra-WtU' (-wlUi' or -with'), adr. 1. With that or
tills. 2. In addition ; besides ; moreover.
Thtvrwltk-al' (thfti^wTtfa-ftlO. odv. With that or
this ; therewith ; at the aame time.
TtaAl'llial (th&'mal), Tkei'Blo (-mTk), a. [L. tker-
mae hot aprings, fr. Or. #fp^ac, pl. of Mpfii| heat, fr. $*p-
fiAi hot.] Pert, to heat ; warm ; hot.
Th«MII»«lM-tlk1-ty (-m^-i'Wk-trTsa-t]^ ), n. Elec-
tricity developed by action of heat.
ThW-BOOre-tMr (ih«r-m5n/«-t«r), n. [TVbermo- +
-meter.} An instrument for meas-
uruig temperature.
O^ To reduce degrees Fahrenheit
to degrees Gentigraae, subtract Si9
and multiply by | ; to reduce degrees
Centigrade to degrees Fkhrenheit,
multiply by | and add 32^.
ThCMno-IIMfllO (thSr'ind-mlf.
rTk), nMrmo-aMt'do^ (-rl-kolj,
a. 1. Pert, to a thermometer. 2.
Made, or ascertauied, by means of a
thermometer.
Thtr'lllO-MOp* (thSr^m^-skSp),
n. An inatrument for Indicating
changea of temperature without Ind^
eating the degree of heat by which
it ia affected.
II Tlie-sanlnui (tht-an'rlis), n.
[L.^ A treasury or storehouse ; re-
poutory of knowledge ; a dictionary^
cyclopedia, etc
TkM0(thfis),proii. Plural of M/«.
Tbe'ato(thS'sTs), !».;/>/. THnai
(•B82). [Gr. «^<r(c, fr. ntf^Mit to
place.] 1. A proposition maintained
by argument. 2. Disaertation ; essay
presented by a candidate for a di-
ploma or degree. 3. Accented part
of the mnsiciil measure, expressed by
the downward beat ; — 01^. of arsis.
4. (a) Depression of the voice in pro-
nouncing syllables. (6) Part of the
poetic foot upon which such a de-
pression falls.
TbM'^an (th«8'pT-mi), a. [Gr.
^'oTtv founder of the Greek drama.]
Pertaining to Tbespis; relating to
the drama ; dramatic, ^n. An actor.
Ttao'iir-iry (thg'flr-jy), n. [Gr.
Btwpyia ; 4t6K God + 'PY^*' work.]
1. A divine work; miracle; magic.
2. A magical art anciently suppMed
to enable man to inAoence the gods
by sacramental rites. — TllA-ur'glO
(-ar'jTk), The-Qr'gllMa, a.
Thaw (thu), n. [Chiefly In pL
Tmnrs (thuz). 1 [AS. f>ehw manner.
habit. ] Muscle or strength ; nerve ;
brawn ; sinew.
They (thi), pron. pl. ; poss.
Thbibs ; ohj. Thkm. [Icei. />e»rthey,
nom. pl. n\A8c. of .tS, sH^pat^ a de-
monstrative pronoun, akin to the
English definite wrticl-, AS. #e, se6^
&frt^ nom. pl. M.] The, pl. of Ae,
she, or it.
TllSck (thTk), a. [AS. piece.] 1
IffiE
IftE
ComMnatk»n Ther*
mnmeter shoving
the Cenftf rade.
Fshrenhfit. and
RMiimar Scales.
nxxA their relative
gradation.
,, , _ Measuring in the
third dimension other than length ard hre»dth. 2. Not
thin or slender. 3. Dx»nse ; inspiranted. 4. Not dear ;
&, 8, 1, S, a, long ; il, d, 1, 6, a, f, short ; senftte, «vent. Idea, dbey, Unite, oilre, iirm, Ask, fUl, finoL '
TMlCKEN
577
tHOROUGH
tuMd, mddy, or misty. 6. AbuwiMit or crowded in
•p«ot ) olOMly Mt ; frequently recurrini;. 6. Not haTiug
good Brtiouletlon ; indistinct. 7. Dull ; not quick.
am* —Doom : eloee ; compact ; aolid \ groas ; coarse.
«> n. The thtckeet part ; time when anything is thickest.
^ad9. 1. Frequently ; fast ; quick. 2. Closely. 3. To
a great depth. — Thldkly, adv. — Thiok'UMM, n.
Tm^en (thTk'^n), r. t. & i. to make or become thick.
nUokfen-mf , n. Something put into a liquid or
mass to make it thicker.
Tlllok'et (-8t), n. [AS. piecet} A wood or a coUec
tion of trees, shrubs^ etc., clooely set.
Tbltdtlsll, a. Somewhat thick.
ThIOk'sal' (-aStO, a. 1. Cloee planted. 2. Haringa
abort, thick body ; stout— n. 1. A cloee or thick hedge.
1. Stout, twilled cotton cloth ; velveteen.
Thlok'tftnll' (-akfilO, n. A blockhead ; numskull.
TIM (thSOt n. / p/. THIKVKS (thSvs). [KS.peSf. Cf.
'narr.] One who steals or commits theft.
Syn.— Trnsr; Robbbs : uilferer. -A thi^f takes our
property by stealth ; a robber attacks us openly, and
strips us by main force.
I (th^v), r. r. A /. [AS. gfjM/lan.l To
*r-y (*.*),». Theft.
TbIiVflflll, a. 1. Given to stealing. 2. Like a thief ;
tfy; seoret 3. Accomplished by stealing; dishonest—
ndflVlBli-Iy. adv. ^Thlev'lsli-neu, n.
Thifll (thi), n. FAS. pf6^''\ The thick part of the
leg between knee and trunk. [of a carriage. I
Tlllll (thTi), n. [AS. Ai//fhosrd, beam, thill.] 8halt|
Tlllm^»(thTm'b'l).n. [AS./ifm^/,fr ^ma thumb.]
1. A cap for the Auger tip, to protect it in pushing a needle
In sewing. 2. Any thimble«shaped appendage, ring, tube,
lining, etc., in machinery, etc. [raspberry. I
nittlt^l*>bdr^ (-ber'ry), n. An American black |
Thlm^e-rlZ' {-tV^), n. a sleight^jf-hand trick pliyed
with three thimble-like cups and a small ball or little pea.
— V, t. To swindle by this device ; to cheat by any trick.
Tllla (thTu), a. [AS. Pynne ; akin to L. ttnttU^ Or.
^•mt- (in oompO stretched out, L. tendere. Or. rviVccr to
stretch.1 1. Having little tliickness. 2. Rare; not
dense. 9. Not doae ; not crowded ; not filling the space ;
not abundant. 4. Not full or well grown. 6. Not stout ;
slim ; slender ; lean. 6. Wanting in body or volume ;
feeble ; not full. 7. Slight ; flimsy ; superficial ; inade-
quate. — adv. Not thickly or closely ; in a scattered
state, ^r. /. A t'. To make or become thin.
Tbl&S (thin), pron. St a. [AS. (fin, orig. gen. of 9u,
9S, thou.] A form of the possessive case of the pronoun
iAottf now superseded in common discourse by jfour.
TuBft (thfng), ft. [ AS. ping a thing, csuse, assembly ;
akintop^n^n to negotiate. 1 1. Whatever exists ; any
distinguisliable object of thought. 2. An inanimate
object ; any lifeless material. 3. A transaction ; event ;
deed. 4. hi. Clothes ; furniture ; appurtenances. [Cot-
log.] 6. iTn this sente prononncttl ting.] In Scandina-
vian countries, a legislative or judicial AAsembly.
Think (think). V. i. [imp. & p. p. Thoooht (thftt) ;
'. & rh. n.^THiNKiNO.] [AS. pyncennjPenctan (imp.
, M<?).1 1. To seem or appesr ; — used in the expressions
m^thinhf methmtght. 2. To employ the intellectual
powers. 3. (a) To remember. (A) To meditate ; to con-
sider, (c) To jiidffe ; to believe, (r/) To purpose ; to mean.
— tf. f. 1. To imairine. 2. To believe : to esteem. —
Tblak'tr, n.— TliliUtiliiit, n.stn.— TlililklliK-ly, (tdv.
Syn.^ To cogitate : r^fiArt ; mMitate ; muse nnAelno }
soppose ; believe. Sei« Rzpbct, Oviss.
tldBly (thlnl]^), adv. In a thin manner ; scantily.
Tim^tM, n. Tlie b^lns thin. [sensitive. I
Tbln'Hlklllliad' (.RkTnrP), n. Having a thin skin ; |
Thlrt (thgrd), ft. [AS. priddrt, fr. M» Pred, three ;
akin to L. terting. Or. rptVof .] 1. Next after the second ;
eoming after two others ; — onlinnl of three. 2. Beini;
one of three equal pnrts. — n. 1. Quotient of a unit
divided by three ; one of three eotial parts, t. BIztletli
part of a second of time. 3. Tliird tone of the musical
scale ; medUuit. 4. pT. Wiiiow*s third part of her de-
ceased husband *s estate. — TlllrdiV (tliirdny), <Mfv.
TlllZBt (thSrst), n. [AS. purtt, pyrwli akm to L. (Or-
rtre to parch. Or. rtfpactffat to become dry.] 1. Dryness
in the throst, with a craving for liquids. 2. Sager de-
sire after anything. — r. <. To feel thirst
Tblnt'y, a. TAS. Purstig.] 1. FOeling thirst or
eager desire. 2. Deficient in moisture ; dry ( parched.
— Tbtnn>ly, adv. -> Thlzitl-IIMNI, n.
Tblr^etn' (thSrnSua a. [as. predHne^ prfdtftte.
See Tkbib, and Tbh.] One more than twelve ; ten and
three. *«n. 1. Tlie number greater by one than twelve ;
sum of ten and three ; thirteen units or objects. 2. Sym-
bol representing thirteen uniU, as 13, or xiil.
ThfX^tmaXhf (-tSnthO, «. 1. Being neit after the
twelfth ; ^ the ordinal of tkirteen. 2. Being one of
thirteen equal parts, ^n. 1. Quotient of a unit divided
by thirteen ; one of thirteen eaual parts. 2. The next
in order after the twelfth. 3. Musical interval compris-
ingan octave and a sixtlu
TlJr'tUtll (-tl-Cth), a, L Being next after the
twenty-ninth ; tenth after the twentieth ; — the ordinal
of ihiriy. 2. Being one of thirty equal parts into which
an vthing Is divided. » n. Quotient of a Unit divided bj
thirty ; one of thirty equal parte.
Thll'ty (-ty), a. [AS. PfiHgy prUtia; akin to O.
dreissig, Ooth. preU tigjua^ three tens.] Being three
times ten ; twenty and ten.>*n. 1. The sum of three
tens, or twenty and ten ; thirty units or objects. 2.
Symbol expressing thirty units, as 90, or xxx.
Tblt (this}, prm. & a. ; pi. Tkbsb (thU). [AS. «&,
masc., 9r6», fern., 9u, neut.j 1. As demonstrative oro-
nouu : Something near in place or time, or something just
mentioned. 2. As adjective, fA<« has the same demonstra-
tive force as the pronoun, but is followed by a noun.
Tllistle(thT8^1),n. [AS.>t^W.] Prickly composite
plant of several genera. — Tllls^y (-Ij^), a.
Thltll'er (tfaltfa'Sr), adr» [AS. Suler; akin to B.
that.] 1. To that place ; — opp to hither. 2. To that
point, eud, or result •>• a, Fsrther.
Srn. — TmrHii ; Trbbb. — ThHher denotes motion to-
ward a place ; ther^ rest in a place : as, 1 am going thither,
and shall meet you there. But thither has now beoome
nearly obsolete, and there is used in both senses.
Tllit]l'flr>W«ra (-wSrd), ndr. In that direction.
Tholt (thSl), n. [A8./>o/.] Pin sst in the gunwale
of a boat, to serve as a fulcnim for the oar in rowing.
TlumC (thOng)^. [AS. ^rp<m(7.] Leather strap.
TBo'kmi (thS^Sks), N. [Or. tlmpe^.] The trunk be-
tween neck and abdomen,
containing the heart and
lungs; the chest. ^ThO*
nio^ (-riblk), a.
Thorn (th6m), n. [AS.
Pom.1 1. Sharp-pointed
projection from a woody
stem ; spine. 2. Shrub or
small tree bearing thorns.
3. AnythiUft troublesome.
4. The Anglo-Saxon letter
P, capital form />, repre*
sentinff both soimds of
English /A, as in thin, then.
So called because the in- Bkelpton of Thnnx of Man.
itial letter of thorn, a ? JT ' '," L 'A" " ' \ X«rtf bni »
-ni-g, 5 Twplfrh Domal Vsrtfhra;
^M«^ta / »\ - rn# <^ riavtele : d Scapula t *• Ster-
TnornT (-y), fl. [Cr. num. or Brnntbone : r Stemsl
AS. Pbmiht.} 1. Full of CartilnKM i tf Sternal RilM i k i
thnms; spiny. 2. Like Avternal Ribs i t Floatihg Klbs.
thnrns; troublesome; Texstloos.
Thor'oafh(thar^),o. Passing through or to the end;
complete ; perfect
flDrm recent* Orb, r^ade, fyll, Om, ftfbd, folkt, out oil, cliair, gn, sins. I^k, thsii,
37
THOROUGH BASS
678
THRILL
nmr^oagll taUM' (thfiKft hU^). RepreMutAtion of
muaical chorda by flgiirm under the baaa ; harmony.
ThOtOU§hi-'\ttmif (-bri»'), A. A leather atrap nip-
porting thebody of a carriaK®.
TlMNT'Ollgll-lirad' (-brSdO, a. Bred from the beat
blood ; pure-blooded ; — aaid of stock, as horaea ; mettle-
tome ; couraseoua. ^fi. A thoroughbred animal.
ThOT'OUfi-fare' (•fSr'V n. IAS. Jwr/^arv.l A paa-
•age through ; public roaa ; frequented street.
TIUVowi-CO'lllC (•rS'Tnir), a. 1. Going through ;
ttioroagh ; oomplete. 2. Going all lengtha ; extreme.
TbiOr'Mgh-ly,a<i r. In a thorough manner; completely.
ThOf^ongll-ptMd' (-pSat^), a. Perfect in what ia un-
dertaken ; complete ; going all lengths. [boneaet. I
Thor^Oagll-wart' (-w^rV\ n. A medicinal plant ; |
Thorp I(th8rp),fi. lkB.porp.2 A group of houaea
f In ■ • "" ...
1 the country ; amall village ; hamlet.
I (tliSB), jpron. [A8. dds, nom. and aoc. pi. of
»es thist] Plural of (hat.
Thoa (thou), pron. ISing.: nont. THOViposM. Tht
(th!) or Tmifa (thin) ; obj. Thsb (thS). PL : nom.
You (y55) ; pot*. YouB (ySbr) or Touas (ySora) ; ofg.
You.] [AS. ^fl, Su ; akin to G., Dan. & 8w. du^ L. /u,
Gr. 9v,y The aecond personal pronoun, in the aingular
number, denoting the peraon addressed ; thyself.
YhOQ^ (thS), rem/. [AS. tiehhy 6Sh, Seh.] Grant-
ing, admitting, orauppoaingthat ; iiotwitbatandiug that ;
if. — ttdr. However ; nevertheless ; notwithstanding.
ThOOftllt (th{|t), imp. & p. p. of THDOL^n. [AS.
poht^ gepSht^ fr. Prncean to think.^ 1. A thinking ; re-
liection. 2. Meditation. 3. An idea; mental concep-
tion, opinion, fancy, purpose, or intention. 4. Solici-
tude ; concern. 6. A small quantity ; trifle. [Co/Zoy.]
Srn. — Idea ; conception ; notion ; reflection ; consid-
erau<m ; nreditation ; co^tation ; deliberation.
TllOllglltflll, a. 1. Full of thought; contemplative.
2. Attentive ; careful ; exercisinff the judgment. —
Tluraslif fnl-ly, adv. — TlumghHiil-iiMs, n.
Syti. — Thouohttul; Ck>N8iDEBATB ; deliberate; con-
templative ; attentive ; careful ; wary ; circumspect ; re-
flective ; discreet.— He who is habitually thoughtful rarely
neglects his duty or his true interest ; he who is contia-
eraie pauses to reflect and guard himself againat error.
One not thoughtful by nature, if he can be made consid-
erate^ will be guarded against aerioua mistakes.
, TlioilglltlOMIt a. 1. Lacking thought ; inconsiderate ;
raah. 2. Deficient in reaaoning power ; stupid ; dull. —
ThoughtOoM-ly, adv. — TlioaclitaeM-iMM, n.
Tlum'Mllld (thou'sond), n. [AS. piuend.] 1. The
number of ten hundred ; aum of ten timea one hundred
unite or obicMSta. 2. A great number. 3. Symbol rep-
reaenting ctte thousand units ; as, 1,000, M, or ClO.^a.
1. Consistiug of ten hundred. 2. Very many.
Tlum'MUldtll (-sondth), a. 1. Coming last of a thou-
sand individuals or units ; — ordinal of thousand. 2. Be-
ing (me of a thousand equal parts ; the tenth of a hun-
dredth. 3. Occurring as one of, or the last one of, a
very great number ; very small. ^ n. Quotient of a unit
divided by a thousand : one of a thousand equal parte.
Tlml'dom (thrf^lMfini), n. Condition of a thrall ;
alivery ; bondage ; aervitnde. [Written also thralldom.']
Tlutmll, n. [Icel. Prtrll, perhaps through AS. pr9l ;
pntginn to run.] 1. A slave ; bondman. 2. Slavery.
Thrash (thrXnh), Thresh (thrSsh), r. /. [AS. persean,
Prexcan.'l 1. To beat out grain from (straw or husks) ;
to beat the husk of (grain) with a flail ; to beat off (ker-
nels of grain). 2. To beat soundly. — r. ». 1. To prac-
tice thrashing. 2. To labor ; to toil ; to movo violentlv.
Thrssh'er (thriUh'Sr), Thresh'er (thrSsh'Sr), n. 1.
One who thrashes grain ; a thrashing machine. 2. A
large and voracious sliark, whose tail has a very long up-
per lobe, with which it beat*, or thrashes, its prey.
Thread (thrSd), n. [AS. pried; akin to G. draht
wiie, thread, and A&.prawan to twist.] 1. A very small
twiat of flax, wool, cotton, silk, or other fibrous sub-
ttanoe, drawn out ; a compound cord. 2. A <>l*fnwrt. aa
of a flower ; line of gold or ailver. 3. Prominent part
of the spiral of a screw or nut ; rib* See Scunr, n. ^
r. /. 1. To paaa a thread through the eye of (a needle,
etc.). 2. To paaa through, aa a narrow way ; to effect
(one*s way) through obstacles ; to thrid. 3. To form a
thread, or spiral nb, on or In (a screw or nut).
Thraad'hsra/ (-bftr'), a. 1. Wom to the thread ; hav-
ingthe nap wom off. 2. Wom out ; trite ; hackneyed.
Thraad'y (-S\ a. l. Like thread or fihuncnU ; aln»-
der. 2. Containing, or oonaialing of, thread.
Thrast (thr«t), n. [A& preit, akin to Ipreitan to
vex, L. trudere to push.] Menace : denunciation.
Thraat'an (thrit/'n), r. L 1. To utter threats againat ;
to menace ; to warn. 2. To exhibit the appearaace of
(something evil) as approaching. — r. i. To use threats,
or menaces ; to have a threatening appearaaoe.
Syn.— To Thbbatbh ; Mbhacb.— Threaten ia Anelo-
Sax<m, menace Latiu. The former is the more t^^fO^
term ; the latter more employed ha formal style.
Thraa (thrS). a. [AB.^, ma8c.,^red, fem. and nent.;
akin to G. drrt, Dan. & Sw. tre^ L. tre*^ Gr. rpctc.] One
more than two; two and one. — n. 1. Tbe nomber
greater by a unit than two ; three unita or objects. 2.
Symbol representing three units, as 3 or iiL
Thraa'-oornarad (-kdr'nird), a. Having three cor-
ners, or angles. [guns <m three decks. I
Thraa'-dack'ar (-dSk^r), n. A warahip canyingl
Thraafold' (-f51d0, a. [AS. prifeald.} Conafating
of three, or thrice repeated ; triple.
Thraa'panca (thrlp'ran), n. A amall English sOver
coin of three times the value of a penny.
Thraa^lWB-ny (thrTp'cn-njf^), a. Costing or worth
three pence ; worth but little ; poor ; mean.
Thraa'-piy (thrS'pliO, a. Consisting of three dl»-
tinct webs inwrought together in weaving, aa cloth cr
carpeting ; having three strands ; threefold.
Thrae'-BCOra^ (-^Sr/)« a. Thrice twenW ; sixty.
Thrail'<hdy (thr»n'*-dy), «. [Gr. Bpyf^f^ ; «^im a
dirae -f i^Tf song.] Lamentation or f uuerAl song ; oirge.
Thrash (thrSsh), v.t.&L To thrasli.
Thrash'old (thrfoh^d), n. [AS. presatald, f r. pre*-
can to thresh. 1 1. Plank, stone, or timber, lying under
a door ; doorsill ; entrance. 2. Point of entering or be-
ginning; OUt«3t.
Thraw (tlir 0« i^np. of Thik>w.
Thrloa (thrU), adr. [OK. thrie*; thrie thrice (AS.
prign^piiwo) 4- -«, the adverbial sufBi.] 1. Three timea.
2. lu a threefold manner or d 'gree ; repeatedly ; very.
Thrld (thrTd), v. t. [Variant of ihread.'\ 1. To peas
through like a thread or a oeedle; to make a course
through. 2. To effect (a way) through something.
Thrift (thrift), n. [IceL pri/t. £»e Tmurs.] 1. A
thriving state : economical management : f ragallty. 2.
Success in acquisition of property ; gain ; prosperity.
3. Vigorous growth, as of a plant. 4. Sea pink, a gar-
den plant.
Syn. — FrugalitT ; economy ; pros-
perity; gain; profit.
Thrlftaass, a. Without thrift;
not prudent in money affairs. —
Thrth'lffss-nass, n.
Thriffy (-y), a. 1. Given to, or
evincing, thrift ; aparing ; fmgal. 2.
Thriving by induatry and frugality ;
prosperous. 3. Growing vigorously ;
thriving.— Thilftl-ly, adv, —
Thrlff l-nass, n.
8yn. — Prugal ; aparing ; econom-
ical ; saving ; careful.
Thrfll (thrTl), n. [SeeTliLL.] A Thrill Un
warbling ; trill.
Thrill, r. t. [AS. pyrlian, tr.pyrel pieroed ; aa noun,
a hole, fr. Pnrh through.] 1. Orig., to bore ; to driU.
garn).
ml.
S, 8, 1, 1^ «, long ; &, «. I, A, O, t> abort ; aantte, 3vent» tdea, 6bey, llnlte, eAn, Irm, ilk, «I1,
THRIVE
579
THURSDAY
2. To affoct, MB if by aooMthing pieroing ; to jrieroe. —
v.L 1. To petietraCe ; to cause a (iuff ling aeuaation. 2.
To feel a tingling sensation. «n. 1. A drill. 2. Sen-
wtion aa of being thrilled ; tremulous excitement.
Thilv* (thrir), t>. i, litnp, Thbote (thrQr) or Tnanrso
(thriTd); p. p. Thkivkd or Thbivbn (thrlv'^n) ; p. pr. &
rft. n. THBnma.j [IceL pr\/ask; prob. orig., to srasp
for one's self, from prl/a to grasp. Gf. Tnurr.] 1. To
prosper by Industry, economy, and good managemeut of
property. 2. To hare incmse or success. 3. To grow
Tigoronaly ; to flourish. — Thrlv'er, n.
Til©«t(thr5t).n. [A8./»ro/«,>ror«.] 1, (a):
of the neck in f rcmt of the rertebral column, (o) Passage
of rope. 3. Threadlike part of a flower ; itamrni ^». L
To furnish with tluums ; to fringe.
Thrnm (thrfim), v. i. & t, [C/. Icel. prutna to rattle.]
1. To play rudely on a stringed instrument with the flu-
gers. 2. To make a monotonous drumming noise.
Tliniflll (thriish), n. [AS. prpsce ; akin to E. throttle.}
Small singing bird of numerous species.
nmull, n. [Akin to Dan. troske; of. B. thtrst,}
1. An affection of the mouth, fauces, etc^ common in
newly bom children, with minute ulcers. 2.
I tory affection of the feet in hones and other animals.
Tlmist (thrflst), r. L & i.^ {imp. & p. p. Ttautr;
through it to the stomach and lungs ; pharynx. 2. Con-
tracted portion of a vessel or passage way.
Throb (thr9b), «. <. To beat vi^ently ; to palpitate.
— n. Strong piuiHition, as of the heart and arteries.
£
(thrS), ». [AS. PreAA Extreme pain ; an-
lluchUdbiiih.
one*8 self, and E^/!n»,~a.] jL A c^r 'of st:ite; royal
pang
nM(t
thrOn), n. [Or. tfptfyof ; cf. tffn^ao^at to set
seat ; seat of a prince, bishop, etc. 2. Sovereign power
and dignity ; one who occupies a throne ; an exalted per-
aonage. — V. f. To enthrone ; to exalt.
Thronff (thrSng), n. [AS. geprang^ fr. prinaan to
crowd, to press.] A multitude of persons pressed into a
doae body ; a crowd. ^v,t,&i. To crowd together.
Syn.— Thboko; Mux;TrruDB; Gbowd. — Any great
number of persons form a mullUude ; a throng is a large
number gMhered or moring together ; a crowd is com-
posed of a large or small number of persons who press to-
gether so as to bring their bodies into immediate or in-
oonToiient contact.
TkroafUiB (thrSsH), n. [AS. prostle.} 1. The soug
thruali. 2. A machhae for spinning wool, cotton, etc. ;
— so called because it makes a singing noise.
TlUOttle (thr5t^;n, n. [Dim. of throat,} 1. Wind-
pipe ; trachea. 2. Valve of a steam engine, regulating
the supply of steam to the steam chest. ^ v, t, 1. To
eompress tho throat of ; to choke ; to strangle. 2. To
shut off the flow of (steam), ^v.i, 1. To choke. 2.
To breathe hard, as when nearly suffocated.
nrongll (thr5&), prep. [AS. Purh, Cf. Norrsn.,
TmaouoH, Thbill. J x. From end to end of, or from
side to side of ; into and out of at the opposite point.
2. Between the ddea or walls of ; within. 3. By means
of ; by ttie agency of. 4. Over the whole extent of. 6.
Among or in the midst of. 6. From the beginning to
the end of; to the conclusion of. ^<ufp. 1. From one
end or side to the other. 2. From beginning to end. 3.
To ttie end ; to the ultimato purpose. — a. Ooing or ex-
tending through ; thorough ; admitting passage through.
ThrooglHNlV (thrSd-ouf), prep. Quito through. —
odv. In every part.
Throw (thrS), V. t. limp. Thbsw (thru) ; d. p. Thbowh
(thrSn) ; p. pr, & vb. n, Thbowino.] [AS. prdican to
twist, to whirl ; iddn to L. terebra auger, Or. rt^tlv to
bore, Tpiyta a hole.l 1. To fling with a whirling motion
of the arm. 2. To drive to a distance ; to propel ; to send.
S. To overtom ; to prostrate. 4. To cast (dice). 6. To
twist fllaments of (silk, cto.) so as to form one thread.—
V. i. Tb cast ; esp., to cast dice. — n. 1. A hurling or
flinging ; a cast. 2. Distance which a missile Lb tlirown.
S. A cast of dice ; manner in which dire fall when cast.
4. Extreme movement given to a sliding or vibrating
reciprocating piece in machinery by a cam, crank, eccen-
tric, eto. ; stroke ; length of the radius of a crank, or
eccentricity of an eccentric. — Throw'er, n.
ThiOW'Mor (thrO'stSr), n. One who throws or twists
dik; thrower.
Thmm (thrfim), n. [Akin to OD. drom, O. trumm,
end, fragment, L. tennintu limit, torm.] TWritten al&o
tkrwmb.} 1. One of the ends of weavers* tbreads ; soft,
abort tlvead or tuft. 2. Coarse yam ; unraveled strand
I. pr. & vb. H. T&Btr8TiM0.1 [loel. prgsta ; perh. akin to
I. threat.} 1. To puah, force, or impel ; to shove ; to
intrude. 2. To stM>; to pierce. ^n. 1. Violent puah
or driving ; astab. 2. An attack ; assault. 3. Force or
pressure of <Nie part of a construction against other parta.
8yn.— Thbust : Push ; Bboyb : assault: attack.— Ptuh
and shove usually imply application of force by a body
already touching the body to be impeUed. Thrust often
implies impulse from a body hi motion before it reachee
the body to be impelled.
Thud (thfld), n. [Cf. AS. pMen whirlwhid.] Dull
sound witlumt resonance ; Uow producing such sound.
Thug (thttg), n. [Hind. Uutg deceiver, robber.] One
of a Hindoo ruigious sect of robbers and assassins.
Thnmh (thfim), n. [AS. puma.} The short, thick
first digit of the human hand ; the pollex. ^ v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Thumbbd (thfimd) \ p. pr. & vb. n. Thvmbino
(thom^nff).] 1. To handle awkwardly. 2. To soil with
the thumb or fingers ; to wear out, by handling.
Thvmb stall, a kind of thimble of iron, horn, or leather,
for protecting the thumb in making sails, eto.
Thnmh'MroW (thfim'skruOf »• 1. A screw havfaig
a fiat-sided head, so that it may be turned by the thumb
and forefinger. 2. An old instrument of torture f<»r com-
pressing the thumb by a screw.
Thump (thtimp), n. [Prob. imitative.] 1. Sound
made by the sudden fall or Uow of a heavy body. 2. Blow
' with something blunt or heavy ; a heavy f alL^ r. /. & i.
To beat with something thick or heavy, or ao as to cause
a dull sound ; to pound. — Thoim/er, n.
Thvn'dor (thfin'dSr), n. [ AST^m^ / akhi to punian
to stretoh, to thunder, D. donder thunder, Icel. pSrr
Thor, L. tonare to thunder, tonitnu thunder.1 1. Sound
following a fiash of lightoing ; report of a aiicharge of
atmospheric electricity. 2. Any loud noise ; as, the thnn-
dtr of cannon. 3. An alarming threat or denunciation.
^v, i, 1. To sound, rattle, <»r roar, as a discharge of
atmospheric electricity. 2. To make a loud, heavy sound.
3. To utter violent denunciation, ^v. t. To utter vehe-
mently; to publish (a threat, eto.). — Thim'dmr-or, n.
Thnn'dor-bfflr (-bSlf ), n. l. A shaft of lightnhig.
2. Vehement, censure ; ecclesiastical denunciati<m.
Thvn'dor-Oiap' (-kllp^), n. A sharp burst of thunder ;
report of a discharge of atmospheric electricity.
Thim'dor-OlUI (-Os), a. [Written also thwidnnu.}
Biaking a noise like thunder ; sonorous.
Thvn'dor-OhOW'or (-shon^dr), ) n. Shower, or storm,
Thvn'dorHrtonil' (-st8rc.O, ) with lightning and
thunder.
Thvn'dor-OtrlkO^ (-strikO, r. t. [imp. TRUNDn-
BTRCCK (-strfikO; P- P- ThUKDBBSTRUCK, -STRlOKSlf
►. or. & v'
(-strTk^'n) ; p. pr.
; vb.
. Thundbbstrikiko.] To as-
tonish, or strike dumb, as witli something terrible ; —
rarely used except in past participle.
I Thall-Ue (thu'rT-bn), n. [L. thuribulum^ fr. thus^
' thuriiy frankincense.] C :;nseT for burning incense.
I Thn-lffer-ons (-rlfSr-fis), a. [L. thurifer; thus +
I 'ferre to bear.l Producing frankincense.
Thmo'day (thflrsMt ; 2), n. [OE. />ur*dei, fr. Soand.
name Thor -f E. dap, loel. pbrr Thor, god of thunder,
I is akin to AS. punor tiiunder ; akin to D. J>onderdag
I Thursday, O. Donnerstag.} Fifth day of the week.
xooeot, 6rb| r^de, fyU, llm, food, f<rot, out, oil, ohair, go, sins, iQk, tlien, thin.
THUS
680
TIFFANY
I(th1b),«lv. CA&dte;akintoS.Ma/.] 1. In
thb or tbat uuumer ; on this wIm. 2. To this degree or
•stent ; eo far ; to.
TkWMk (thwik), 9. t, [AB. Aoeeion.] To etrike
with ■oinethiiig flat or beety ; to bang ; to thump. —».
▲ beety Uow i thnnip.
Thwart (thwart), o. [loeL Pverl^ uent. of ^perr
•thwart, tranaverae, acroaa ; akin to AS. pweorh per-
verae, eroaa.] Situated acroaa aomethhig elae; trana-
verae; oblique. —prep. Acroaa; athwart. —n. Seat
in an open boat reaching from one aide to tlie other, or
athwart tlie boat. —e. f. To eroaa, aa a purpoae ; to run
ooonter to ; to f ruatrate or defeat.
Tlqr (tfai), fran. [OE. f At\ abbr. f r. M<n. SeeTimrB,
Tbov.j Of thee, or belougiug to thee; the common
form of <A<n«, poaaeaeiTe of thou,
Tfcl^t (tim), ». [L. thfmnm^ Or. #vfMr.] A pun-
gent aromatic i^ant naed in Maaooing. — Tbym'y, a,
Tfeynraid (tU'roid), a. [Or. •wp«o<(d^ ahield-ahaped ;
fvM^ ahield -f ctSoc form.] Shaped like an oblong shield.
Tkf-WtHSf (thi-aSlf), yron. Emphaaiaed form of thee.
Tt-Alm (tt-i'r*), n. [Or. ri^ ; of Penhui origin.]
1. Headdreaa of the ancient Persians. 8.
The pope*a triple crown.
R Wl-tL (tfbnr^), n. ; pt. TiBLM (-«).
[L.] 1. Inner, and usually larger, of
the two bonea of the leg below the knee ;
ahin bone. 8. Ancient musical iustni-
ment of the flute kind. 3. Fourth Joint
of leg of inaect. — TfM-Al, a.
Tlo (tTk), II. [F.] Local convulsive Jp-
motion of certain muaclea, eap. of mus- Q ^r"
dee of the face ; twitching. ...■
na deidoaremi (fik d»-166.r»' ; F. -reO. Tura, t
[F., fr. tie + douiaureuz painful.] Neuralgia hi the face.
TlOk (tTk), II. [Abbr. fr. ticket.-] Credit ; trust. *
V, i. 1. To go on credit. 2. To trust.
Tlok, n. [AUn to D. leei.] (a) A paraaiUc mite
which aucka the blood of
cattle, doga, etc. (6) A
dipterooa inaect having a
fli&tened and uaually wlng-
leaabody.
Tltik, n. [L. theea oaae,
Or. #iHn|, f r. tiMmu to put.]
1. Gaae of a bed, mattreaa,
etc., containing straw,
feathers, hair, or other flll-
inff. 2. Tickintr.
TlokfV.i. [Prob. imitative ;
of. D. tikken.] To make a
email or repeattng noise, as a
watch; to beat; to dick. — n. Americ«n Moo»e Tick (It-
1. A quick, amlible beat. 2. o,te^ alhitirtw). A Full.
Small mark to direct attention '^ "
to aomething; check, ^r. I.
To eheck off by a tick or small
mark ; to acore. — Tlok'Mr, n.
VIok'M (-«t), II. [F. Sti.
qtuBtte a faOiel, ticket ; of Teutonic orifHn, and akin to R.
gtick.'\ Piece of paper, cardboard, etc., serving as a no-
tice, certificate, etc. ; token of right to enter a place of
assembly or public conveyance ; label ; list of candidates
to be voted for at an election ; ballot. — r. f. 1. To put
a ticket on. 2. To furnish with ttcketn. [f ^ S.l
Tloktng, n. Linen or cotton fabric, of which ticks
for beds are made.
TlO'kto (tlkniM), r. /. [Perh. freq. of /t>* to beat,
pat.] 1. To touch lightly, so as to produce a thrillinfr
sensation, commonly causingr Uught-er, and a kind of
i. To please ; to gratify. —TU/kln (-kl8r), n.
Alall (-klTfth), a. 1. Sensible to slight touchpn ;
•aaily tickled. 2. SUndtntr so as to be liable to totter
and fall at a touch. 3. DifBcult ; nice ; critical.
awn Tick,
Sijcleagva 1
lar^. r Mouth Parte of
gro
B Si
:», nat. site.
Younf. sn-
younir, much enUrfced <
a Proboscii t 6 Mandible :
r Palpus.
Tid^tlCtld'ol^o. Pwt.to,cMuedbj,orhavlBgtUiS{
poriodioaUy riaing and falUng, or flowing •nd mow*
TldHMT (tld^t). ». DeSoaU piMW of foo£
Ttti (tid), n. [AS. M tlm«.V_l. Hom;
Spring Tidts and Neap TVIaa.
temate rising
and falling of
the watera o f
the ocean, etc
3 . A atream ;
current ; flood.
4. Tendency of
cauaea, infln-
enoes, or events; i
course ; current.
— r. t. To drive
with the tide or
atream. ^ r. i.
To pour a tide or
flood.
Tltes'man
(tlds'min),
TIds'wiitt'er
(tid'wit^r), ».
A customhouse officer who watcbea the landiiw of gooda
from merchant vessels, to secure payment of dutiaa.
TVm-lj (tiMT-iy), adv. lu a tfdy manner.
Tld1lin(ti'dTnga),n.p/. [AUn to AS. Ildra to hap-
pen, E. ttde.} Account of what has taken place ; news.
8yn.— Tionios; News; advice: information; inteUl-
geuce. — Newt denotes recent inteUigenoe from any quar-
ter ; tidingsy intelligence expected from a particular quar-
ter, showmg what haa there betided.
Ti'dy (ti'dy), a. [Fr. tide time, seaaon.! Arranged
in good order ; neat. ^ n. Cover for the back of a chair,
anus of a sofa, etc. — r. /. To put in order ; to make neat.
Tlo (tn, tt. [AS. tegey iffae.'] 1. A knot ; faatening.
2. A bona ; obligation. 3. A knot of hair. 4. An equal-
ity in numbers, aa of votea, scores, etc ; equality in any
conteat. 6. Any part, as a beam, rod, etc, holding two
parts together ; opp. of drut. 6. A line drawn aeroaa
the stems of musical notea, or over or
under the notea, signif ving that they {
are to be slurred, or closely united ;
a bhid ; ligature. 7. pi. Low shoes
fastened with lacings.— r. t. [AS.
tiigan, tfjgan, fr. te&g, teAh^ a rope ; akin to te6m to draw,
5 all.] 1. To fasten with a band and knot ; to bind. 2.
o form (a knot) ; to intertoce ; to knit ; to knot. 3. To
unite flrmly ; to hold. 4. To constrain ; to restrain ; to
confine. 5. To unite (musical notea) by a line or slur.
9 T^ ninki? an equal score with, hn a conteat ; to be even
v^ ii I , — ' 1. To make a tie ; to make an equal acore.
Tle^^am' (ti'bSmO, n. Beam acting aa a tie, aa at the
1 ' 1 u*n\ <.vi A pair of raftera, to prevent them from throat-
\i*M uut tlx' wan.
Tl'flf (ti'*r> n. One that tiea.
TI'OTh n . [Soe Tub headdress.] A ehild*s apron oov-
( rittEt \\yv> upper part of the body, and tied with tape or
r- - r. 1 : pill .if . .re. [Written alao fire.]
TJ er ' r ^ r \ II. [Probably of Teutonic origin.] A rank ;
^n-.'- ui ivtu i>r more rows placed one above another.
Tierc« (tSrs), n. [F., a thhrd, fr. titrt^ tierce^ third,
fr. L. tertiiu the third ; akin to tree three.] 1. A caak
I whose content is one third of a pipe, that ia, 42 wme gal-
. Ions ; liquid measure of 42 wine, or 36 imperial, gallons.
' 2. C iHk larger than a barrel, and smaller than a hogshead.
3. A sequence of three ptoying cards of the same auit. 4.
A particular thrust or parry in fencing.
I Tiff (ttf), n. [Orig., a sniff; of. I'^l. P^r a amell,
' pefn to sniff.] 1. A small dranglit of liquor. 2. A fit
i of peeTishncsM ; •liRht contention. — r. f. To be in a pet.
Tiflft-ny (tlffi-ny), a. [Cf. OF. tiffe '
I A species of gause, or very tldn silk.
ft, u, I, S, «, kmg ; ft, «, 1, 5, ft, tt •>M>rt ; senftte, «vent, tdeis 6bey, Unite, cftro, ftnn, ftak, «1L fined.
tiFFIN
^1
tiNGE
MflBCtTf'fTii),^. [Prop.,//i;inpadriiikinff. SeeTirr,
11,1 Ltmch, between breaklatft uua dimier. llndinn}
Tl'gW (d'gSr), n. [Or. riyptt ; prob. of PenUn origin.]
L Large and powerful carnivore of Southern Asia. 2. A
•errant In liTery, who ridee with hia master or mistreaa.
S. A acreech, after cheering. ICottog. U. 5.]
i^wlria Umt. (a) The puma, (ft) The Jaguar. — Tlnr
•at, a wild cat of moderate aiae, atriped somewhat like the
tiger. - Tlfw Ulj, a Ulj having •epab blotched with black.
Tigtt (tit), a. [Prob. of Scand. origin.] 1. Firmly
bdd together ; compact. 2. Close ; not leaky. 3. Fit-
ting cloae, or too close, to the body. 4. Close ; parsi-
mooions. [Co^loq.^ 6. Not slack or loose; taut. 6.
Somewhat Upsy. \Slang'\ 7. Pressing ; stringent ; dear ;
— said of money or the money market. — Tightly, adv.
Ttffcfail (tlt^'n), V. t. To draw tighter ; to straiten.
Tlihts (tits), n. pi. Close-fitting garments, esp. for
the lower part of the body and the legs.
TKgron (tFgrSs), n. Female of the tiger.
TKgllill (-grTsh). a. Resembling a tiger ; ferocious.
Tike (t!k). A. [Icel. Rk a bitch.] L A dog; cur.
2. A countryman or clown ; boorish person.
TU'bn-ry (tTKMr-*), «. [Prob. fr. TUburylort, to Es-
sex. England.] A kind of gig, without a top.
Tile Itn), ». [AS. Hgel^ fr. L. tegula^ fr. tegert to
oorer.] 1. Plate of baked clay, for covering roofs, for
draina, etc 2. Slab of marble, etc., for flooring. 3. A
stiff hat. iColloq.'] — v. t. To cover with tilea.
TH'W (til^r), fi. One who corers buildings with tiles.
TU'tr, n. Doorkeeper of a lodge of Freemasons.
[Written alio tyterA
Till (tTI), n. [Prop., a drawer, fr. OE. tiUtn to draw.
See Tiixn lerer of a rudder.] A drawer ; tray to a
cheat ; money drawer to a ahop.
Till, prep. A eonj. [OE. & Icel. tU; akin to AS. /tl
excellent, and IL till Xo cultivate.] To ; unto ; up to ;
Mfaraa; until.
Till, r. t. [AS. tUian, teolian, to aim, strive for, till.]
To plow and prepare for seed, and to sow, dress, raise
crops from, etc. ; to cultivate. — r. i. To cultivate land.
-Tm'A-U«,a. [land.
TUl'JIft (-tl ; 2), fi. 1. A tiUIng land. 2. Cultivated ,
Stu. — Cultivation ; culture ; husbandry ; agriculture.
TUl'ar, 11. One who tills ; husbandman ; plowman.
Tlll'Of, n, [AS. te!ffor small branch.] Shoot of a
plant, springing from the original stalk ; aucker ; sprout
from a root or stump. — r. i. To put forth new shoots
from the original stalk. [Sometimes written tillotc.]
TIU'«r, n. [OE. tUlen to pull ; prob. fr. AS. tyUan to
iorh^tan to lead astray.] Lever for turning a rudder.
nt (tut), «. [AS. teld; akin to \»teidan to cover.]
1. A covering overliead ; tent. 2. Cloth coverins of a
wagon or boat ; awning. ^ r. t. To cover with a tUt.
Tilt, V. /. [AS. teatt unstable, precarious.] 1. To In-
cline : to tip ; to raise one end of for discharging liquor.
2. To potot or thrust, as a lance. 3. To forge with a
tilt hammer. ^ r. 4. 1. To run or ride, and thrust with
a lance ; to Joust 2. To lean ; to tip. ^ n. 1. A thrust.
2. A tournament. 3. Inclination forward. — Tllt'tf, n.
TOf ham'mer, a heavy hammer, used to iron work**.
Ufted or tilted by pro-
jections on a revolving
ahaft : trip hammer.
Tlltll(tTlth),n. [AS.
HIS, fT.mwnto till.] A
being tilled, or pre|nred
for a crop ; culture. _^,^ „ ,, , «.«;.,
■riwjLfiJLp /tTmn.2-N •> Tilt Hsmnier. o Helve ; h Pjrot of
TOlT>0f (tlrn'Mr),!!. „^,^, , ^ Hummer He«i ; H An-
[AS., wood, building: vil t/8haltcnrrying Collnrewith
akin to O. titntner a CamA for lifrine the Hammer
room, L. domrtM, Or. W- "«»<* \0 Prop »o hold up the Ham-
11 Of house, 64]ieuf to nier when ,K,t in u-.
build.] 1. Wood At for bulldlnfni, tools, utonsils, furni-
ture, carriages, fences, ships, etc. 2. Body, stem, or
trunk of a tree. 3. Squared stick of wood for boUding t
framework of a bouse, ship, etc., dist. fr. the covering
or boardtog. 4. Wooded hmd. (Western U. 8.} — v. t.
To furnish with timber ; — chiefly to past participle.
Tlmlinl (tTiD^HQ), n. [L. tympanum. Or. Tv^Mraver
kettledrum.] An ancient drum or tabor.
Time (Urn), A. [AS. (Ima, akto to Od time. See
TiOB.] 1. Duration. 2. Particular period of duimtlon,
past, present, or future. 3. Age ; period ; era ; — often
top/. 4. Houra and days which one has at his dispo^aL
6. Proper time ; aeason ; opportunity. 6. Hour of par-
turition. 7. Addition of a number to itself ; reoetitlon.
8. The present life. 9. Tense, to grammar. l6. Meas-
ured duration of musical sounds ; measure ; rhythmical
division. ^ r. /. 1. To appotot the time for ; to bring, be-
gin, or perform at the proper season or time. 2. To reg-
ulate as to time ; to accompany, or agree vrith, to time of
movement. 3. To ascertain or record the time of. ^ v. i.
To keep or beat time ; to move to time.
Tlme'keep'er (-kfip^r), n. l. Clock, watch, or other
chronometer ; timepiece. 2. One who r^ulates time.
Timely, a. Being in good time; seaMmaUe.^acfv.
Early ; soon ; In good season. — TImell-liees, n.
Tme'l^ieoe' (-P^0« **• Timekeeper ; chronometer.
Tlme'eenrer (-sSrv'ir), n. One who adapta his opin-
ions and manners to the times ; one who^sequioosly
comities with the ruling power. — Tlme'lMITiBg, a, An,
Sjm. — Tuasmvuro ; Temporixiiio. — Both words ap-
ply to the conduct of one who adapts himself servilely to
times and seaaons. One who la /lirwMrr^ acts upon prin-
ciples which may promote hia advancement : one who la
temporizing yields to public prejudice, and shrtoks from
action which might injure him. The former la dishooeet ;
the latter weak ; and both are oontemptiblo.
Tlme'-taiat (-ti'bn), n. A tabuUr statement of the
time at which tilings are to take place.
Timid (tTm^d), a. [L. timidtu, fr. Hmere to fear.]
Wanting courage to meet danger; eaaily frightened;
fearful: ahy. — Tlmld-ly, atft^. — Tlmld-neM, Tl-
midl-ty (tT-mTda-^), fi.
8711. — Fearful : timorous : afraid ; cowardly ; poaO-
lammous; f atot-hearted ; ahrinking; retiring.
Tim'or-OlW (-Sr-fis), a. [LL. timorostu^ fr. L. /^»ior
fear.] 1. Fearful of oanger ; timid. 2. Indicating fear.
— Tmi'or-eai-ly, adr. — Tlm'er-eai-iiees, n.
Tlm'o-tliy (tTm'ft.thf ), n., Tlm'o-tliy granr (gris^).
[Fr. Timothy Hanson, who carried the seed from New
England to Maryland about 1720.1 A fodder grass
{Phlenm pralente) with long cylindrical qiikea.
Tin (tin), II. [AS. ; akto to D. tin, Q. xinn.} 1. An
oxide to the mtoeral cassiterite, reduced as a soft white
crystalline metal, used to coat iron to protect It from
rusting, to form the reflecting surface of mirrors, and In
solder, bronze, speculum metal, and other alloya. 2.
Plates of Iron covered with tin ; tto pUte. 3. Money.
lC<mt^ — I', t. To cover with tin or tto plate.
Tin foO, tto reduced to a thto leaf. — Tin plats, thin aheet
Iron coated with tin. [Crude native borax. |
Tln'oel (tTn^kll), n. [Ar., Per. & Hind. /tnMr.]!
Tlnolnre (tTnk'tftr ; 40), n. [L. tinetura a dyeing,
f r. tingere, tinclum, to tinge, dye.] 1. A tinge or ahade
of color : tint. 2. The finer and more volatile parts of
a substance, neparated by a solvent. 3. A solution of
medicinal nubst^nce in alcohol. 4. A tinge. — r. f. 1.
To tinge. 2. To imbue the mind of.
Tln'der (tTn'dSr), n. [AS. tynder.} Something very
Inflammable, for kindling flre from a spsrk.
Tladsr box, box in which tinder Li kept.
Tine (tin), n. [AS. find ; prob. akin to O. ginne pin-
nacle, and K. tooth."] Tooth, or spike, aa of a fork:
prong. [bell. — r. i. To tinkle. I
Ting (tTne), n. [Imitative.] A sharp sound, as of a|
Tinge (tTnj), V. t. [L. tingere, tiruium.} To imbue
with something foreign ; to color slightly ; to stidn ; to
dye. «— n. A tincture ; hue ; shade.
ffm, recont, 6rb| ryde, fyU, llm, food, f<^t, oat, oil, chair, go, sine Ink, then, Uitn'
Tingle
582
Ml'gto (tTn^gl), r. <. [Freq. of fi»^.] To feel a
thrilling aennuon, or aharp, thrilling mUn.
TlBk (tTQk), V. i. [ImiUUve.] To make a sharp,
ahrill nolle ; to tfaakle. — n. A aluurp, quick aoond.
Ttnk'tr, n. [Fr. tink.] 1. A mender of ketUes,
pana, and metal ware. 2. One akiUed in small mecban-
loal frorlc^v. t. To mend. — v. i. To busy one*s self
with small mechanical work.
TtttUt (tls^n), V. i,&t, [Freq. of tink.-\ 1. To
lall, quick, aharp sounds; to clink. ^ n. A
mall, sharp sound.' [dealer in tinware. <
TlBlBlll (tTn^non), n. Manufacturer of tin vessels ; |
TlnlMT, n. 1. Worker in a tin mine. 2. Tinman.
TlB^y {-nfy, a. Pert. to. abounding with, or like, tin.
Tln'Ml i-m), n. [F- ^tin<vUe a spark, L. »cintiUa.^
1. Shining material used for ornamental purposes ; gauxe-
llke cloth with gold or silrer woven into it ; tliin metal
coated #ith gold or silver, brass foil, etc. 2. Bomethiug
shining and gaudy, or more gay than valuable. — a.
Showy to excess ; specious ; superficial. ^ v. t. [imp. &
p. p. TiHSBLBO (-sSld ) or Tihssllbo ; p. pr. & rb. n. Tnr*
SBLura or Tdcsbllimo 1 To adorn with Unael.
Tlat ^tTnt), n. [L. tinctuM^ p. p. of tingere to dye, tinge. ]
A slight coloring ; faint tinge ; shaded effect in drawUig,
enfTsving, etc. ^r. I. To tinge.
nftlll-lialKa-lar (tTn^tTn-nib^-lSr), TlB'tiB-nAb^-
U-ry (-It-rf ), Tll^tlll-nAb^-lOIUI (-lOs), a. [L. Hntm-
nabulum a little bell, f r. iintinnare to ring, tinnirt to jiu-
glej Having or making the sound of a bell ; tinkling.
na'ttn-nAb^-Utloii, II. Sound of bells.
Ttalypt^ (-tip')* n. Ferrotype.
Tl^ (tfof ), a. Very small ; 1
' (tTp),n. [Akin to D. /(», and prol
. /a;>plug.]
Tl^ (tPnf ), a. Very small ; little ; puny.
np (tTp), n. [Akin to D. tip, and prob. K /
L Point or extremity; end. 2. End piece; cflp',nosziei
ferrule, or point of an umbrella, shoe, gas burner, etc. —
r . f . [imp. & p. p. TnvMD (tTpt) ;p.pr.& rb. n. TamiQ. ]
To form a point upon ; to cover the tip or end of.
Tip, r. I. [Cf. LG. tippen.'\ 1. To strike slightly ;
to Up. 2. To give a present to (a servant, etc). [ Col-
log. ] 3. To lower one end of ; to tilt. — r. i. To f lUl on,
or incline to, one aide. * ». LA light blow ; tap. 2. A
gift : fee. iCoHoq.l 3. A hint, or secret intimation, as
to chances in a horse rare, etc. [Sporting Cant]
TIp'pet (-p«t), n. [AS. ttrppet, prob. f r. L. tnpe/e tap-
eetry.] Cape covering the neck, or neck and shoulders.
Ttpw Gp'l), r. i. & t. [From tip small end.] To
drink (spirituous liquors) iMbitually, but without absolute
drunkenness. ^ n. Drink. — Tipper, n.
Tip'staff (-stifO, n. / pi. TiPSTAVBS (-stivz' or -stXvzO.
1. Staff tipped with metal. 2. Officer bearing a staff
tipped with metal ; constable.
♦lp'«y (-^)» «• [Akin to tippU; cf. Prov. G. be/ijw/
drunk, tipsy.] 1. Being under the Influence of strong
drink : rendered weak or foolish by liquor, but not ab-
solutely drunk; fuddled. 2. Staggering, as if from in-
toxication ; reeling. — Tip'll-ly, adv. — Ttp'«i-naM, n.
Tip'toe' (-t9'), n. End, or tip, of the toe.— <i. 1. Be-
ing on tiptoe ; lifted up ; alert. 2. Noiseless ; stealthy.
— r. i. To walk on tiptoe.
Tlp'top' (-t«p'), n. [Tip end -f top.] Highest or »it-
most degree : best of anything. — a. Very excellent ;
perfect. [Colloq.]
Ti-nd*' (tY-radO, n. [F., fr. It. tirnl,i, prop., a pull-
ing ; hence, a long speech, tirade, fr. tirare to draw.] A
declamatory strain of censure or abuse ; rambling invec-
tive ; censorious and bitter hsnuigue.
Tto» (tfr), n. [Fr. attire.] 1. A covering for the iiead ;
headdress. 2. A child's pinafore; tier. 3. Hoop or
band encircling the wheel of a vehicle.
Ttr*, r. i. [AS. teorian.] To become weary. — r. /.
To exhaust the strength or patience of.
Ryn. - To Jade ; weary ; exhaust ; harass. See Jadm.
Wred (Urd), fi. Weary.— Ttnd1l0M,n.
Ttreaeu (tir^6«), a. Untiring.
TO
(tir'sllm), a. Fitted to tir« ;
tedious. — Tllii'MBM-ly iJMf V* — TIfs'MBM-MMt n.
TITbim (tTsh't), n. rF. tistu, fr. tiuer to weave, f^.
L. texere.] 1. A woven fabric 2. Tnuupareot sUk staff,
for veils, etc 3. One of the elemratary materials or f •
hers compoainff animals and plants ; a texture. 4> Web ;
complicated fMrication ; connected series.
Tlssas paper, thin, gauselike paper, for protectiBS ••-
gravings in books, wrapping up delicate aiUdea, etc
Ttt (tU), N. 1. A smaU horse. 2. A morsel; bit.
3. A small sinnng bird ; titmouse ; titlark.
TU fer tat. [Prob. for tip/or tap,] An equivalent ; re-
taliation.
TilaB (titan), Ti-tUllo (tt-tXnTk), a. Pert, to the
Titans, fabled giants of ancient mythology ; enormooa.
Ti-tUllO (tf-tXnTk), a. Pert, to Utanium.
n-U'nl-lim (-a'uT-fim), ft. [NL., fr. L. THani, Or.
Ttroytc, sons of the earth.] An elementary substance
isolated as an infusible iron-gray powder, of metallic hia>
ter, and burning when heated in the air.
Ttmit' (tltniTf ), n. Tidbit.
Ttth'a-1tt6 (titfa'ibn}, a. Subject to payment of tithes.
Ttth* (titfa), n. [AS. teoSa the tenth ; akin to loeL
flvnd the tenth, tithe.] 1. A tenth ; tenth part of any-
thing; tenth part of the increase from proflta of land
and stock, allotted to the clergy, as in England, or de-
voted to religious uses. 2. Small part or proportion. —
r. /. [AS. tf69ian.] To tax to the amount of a tenth ;
to pay tithes on. [tithes ; a tithe.
TtU&llIC* *>• [AS. teSSung.] A levying or taking
TinilS* (tTtTl-lit), r. t. & i, [L. tttaiare, -Utmm.
To tickle. [2. Any pleasurable sensatkm.
Ttt'a-Utkni, N. 1. A Uckling, or tickling senaatioo.
TitOtfk' (-larkO. n. [Tit small bird -f lork.] A
small singing bird resembling the true larks in color and
in its very long hind claw ; Uie European meadow pipit.
Ti'tte (ti'tf), fi. [OF. ; I. tUultu inscription, label,
title, sign.] 1. An Inscription put upon anything as Its
nsme. 2. Inscription in the beginning of a book, coo-
taining the subject of tlie work, author*s and publiaber*s
names, date, etc. 3. A personal appellation of digiUty,
distinction, etc. 4. That which constitutes a lust caoae
of exclusive possession ; foundation of ownership of profv
erty ; a right ; instnunent which is evidence of a right.
— r. /. To call by a title ; to name ; to style.
Syn. — See Errmrr, and Naxs.
TltU-PM;*' (pEJO. n. Page giving the title of a book.
Tinnoiue' (tTt/mous'), n. ; pt. TmacK (-mis'). [OE.
tUmau ; tit small, small bird -f AS. mase
a kind of small bird.] Small insectivorous
singing bird of many species ; — called
also tit, and tomtit.
Tittar, r. i. [Prob. Imitative.] To
laugh with the tongue strikhtg againft
the root of the upper teeth ; to giggle.
— n. A restrained laugh.
Titlle (tTt't'l), «. [OE. fitrl, prob.
dim. of tit small.] A particle ; minute
part; jot; iota.
Ttt'ttd-Ut'tle(-UtaM),fi. [Redup. bi«,
of tattle.] Idle, trifling talk; empty " "•
prattle. — r. ». To nrate.
Tit^-lar (tTt^-18r ; 40), a. [F. Htulaire^ It. L tUm-
lus.] Existing in tiUe or name only ; Nominal ; having
the title to an office without discharging its duties.
Tlt1l-lar-ly (-ISr-lj^), adr. By title only.
Ttt'n-la-ry (-It-r^ ), n. One havinga titie which gives
him an office, whetlier lie performs its duties or not. —
a. 1. Consisting in a title ; titular. 2. Pert, to a title.
Tme'lto (mS'sTs or t'mS'sTs), n. [Or. r^^9^9 a cat-
ting, fr. T4ti¥tip to cnt] Separation, of the parte of a
compound wnni by intervention of one or more wonb ;
asjj^i what pf'tcf Merer, for in tchatsoerer place.
To (t<S5, emphatic or alone; td6, obteure or tmem-
K, 8, 1, S, O, long ; A, «, I, tt, H, f, short ; senftte, tvent, tdea, 6bey, Anite, citre, firm, Ask, i^n, flmrl.
TOAD
583
TOLL
P^^oiie), prep, [AS. /9.] 1. 7o indicates approach and
aniTal ; motioii or tendvucv withont arrival ; moveuieot
toward ; — opp. to from. 2. It iudicatea iiiotiou, course
or tendency toward a time, iitiite, aiiDt etc. 3. Itcouuectn
tranaitiTe Terba with their remoter or indirect object,
and adJectiTea, nouua, and neuter or paaiive verba with
a following noun limiting their action.
Toad (tSd), !». [AS. tadie, tddige.} A frog-shaped,
inaectivorous batrachi-
an, terrestrial in its
kabita except during the
breeding season, when
it seeks the water.
TmA'td'n (-if Sr),
n. [Pr. an old practice
among roountebanka'
6oys of eating toada
(popularly considered
poisonous), that their
masters might pretend
to effect a cure.] A
fawning, obsequious par-
Mite; sycophant ; nat- American Toad {Bu/o leMtiginotw).
terer; toady.
Totd'StOOl' (-stJSdlO. n. An umbrelhirshaped fungus
of manv species, growing ou decaying organic matter.
Voad'y (-If), n. [Abbr. fr. toodfater!) A mean flat-
". t To favm upon sycophantically.
. /. [OF. foster^ fr. L. torrere^ tostum^
to parch roast.] 1. To dry and brown bv the heat of a
fire. 2. To warm thoroiighly. 3. To drink to the healtli,
or in honor, of. —a. 1. Bread browned before a fire ;
food prepared by putting slices of toasted bread into milk,
grary, etc. 2. One in whose honor a company are invited
to drink. 3. A sentiment so commemorated.
Toasfar, n. 1. One who toasts. 2. Utensil for toast-
ing bread, cheese, etc.
TOMfBUW^tcr (-mis'tSr), n. One wtio presides at a
banquet, and announces the toasts.
To-bM'OO (t^-bikHid), n. [8p. tabaeo, fr. Indian ta-
baeo pipe in which the Caribbees smoked this plant.]
American plant of the Nightshade family, also its pre-
pared leavea, used for smoking and chewing, and as snuff.
Dealer in tobacco.
('gail (•bOg'gau), n. [Gorrup. of Amer. Indian
terer; sycophant. — r. f.
TOMt (t«8t), I
Top of Toboman Slide.
odabagan sled .] Canadian sledge made of pliable board,
turned up at the end, for coasting down hills ; sleigh
drawn by dogs, or by hand, over soft snow.— t*. i. To slide
on a toboggan. [Written also tohoqnn^ and tnrbognn.']
Too'ifal (tCk'sIn), n. [P.. fr. OF. toquier to touch -f-
•eint (for aein) bell, fr. L. tignnm signal.] Alarm bell.
Tod (t5d), ». [Akhi to Icel. /oc/r/t.] 1. Old weight
for wool (28 pounds). 2. A fox ; — prob. fr. its bushy tail.
To-day (t«6-dl'), adv. An. [AB.WdiepJ This day.
Tod'dle (tddMU), p. L [Akin to toUer,\ To walk with
abort, tottering steps, as a child. — Tod'dlar (-diSr), n.
Tod'dy (-d j^ ), fi. [Hind, tafi juke of the palm vra tree,
popularly, toddy^ fr. l&f palmyra tree.] 1. Juice from
various East ludia palms; spirituous liquor ptocured
from it by fermeutati<m. 2. Mixed spirit and hot water
sweetened. [motion; ado. [Co/Zoo.] I
To-do' (tdb-dSS'), n. \To-\-do.-\ Bustle ; sUr ; com- 1
Too (tS), N. [AS. ta.\ 1. Terminal member of tlie
foot. 2. Fore part of a hoof or foot. — v. t. To tduch or
reach with the toes ; to come fully up to.
II To'ga (tS'gi), n. [L.,akhito/rsperetocover.] Looae
outer garment worn by the ancient Romans.
To-gOtll'ar (td6-getfa'8r), adv. [AS. tdgmdtre, tOgn.
dere; /d to -f gad^r together. See Oatbxk.] 1. In
company. 2. In union ; into junction. 3. In concert ;
with cooperation. [garments; dreas. [Co/Zoo.] I
Tog'ger-y (tSg'gSr-^), n. [Gf. Tooa.] Clothes ;|
Tog'gla (-g'l), H. [Of. Tuo.] 1. Pin securing a rope,
bolt, etc« ; button ; frog. 2. Two rods or platea con-
nected by a toggle joint.
Toggle ^etat, elbow or knee Joint, consisting of two ban
BO connected that they may be brought into a
straight line, and produce endwise pressure.
Tml (toil), n. [F. /oi7r«, pi. toils, nets, fr.
toile clotli, spider web, f r. L. tela web, fr. ttxere
to weave.] A net or snare; web or string
spread for taking prey ; — usiwlly iup/.
Toll, r. i. [Orighi uncertain.] To exert
strength with pain and fatigue ; to labor. ^».
Labor oppressing body or mind. — Toll'er, n.
Syn. — Toil; Labob; Dbudobry; work;
exertion ; occupation ; task ; travail. — Lnbor
implies strenuous exertion, but not necessa-
rily such as overtasks : toil denotes a severity
of lal>or which is painful and exhausting;
drudgery implies mean work, or work disgust-
ing from its minuteness or dull uniformity.
Toiaet (toilSt), n. [F. toiiefte, dim. of
toile cloth.] 1. A covering of linen, silk, etc.,
spread over a table in a cliamber. 2. A
dressing Uble. 3. Mode of dressing; attire;
[Written also toilette.'}
ToU'aome (toil'sQm), a. Involving toil ; wearisome.
To-kay'(tft-ki'),i». [Fr. roi:«y in Hungary.] 1. A
grape of whitish color. 2. Hungudan wine.
To^ken (tSTi'n), n. [AS. tacen ; akin to AS. te6n to
accuse, L. dicere to say, Gr. ituanivat to show.] 1. Some-
thing indicating another thing or event ; sign ; symbol.
2. A memento ; souvenir. 3. Among printers, 10^ quires,
or 250 sheets, of paper printed on both sides.
Told (tSld), imp. & p. p. of Till.
T0l6(t91),r./. [OE./o/Zmtodraw.] To allure by bait.
Tol'er-a-Ue (tOl'Sr-A-bM), a. 1. Gaoable of being tol-
erated or endured ; supportable. 2. Moderately good or
agreeable ; not contemptible ; passable. — Tol'or-a-ttlO-
neaa. n. — TOl'ar-a-My, adr.
TOl'er-ailOO (-^ns). It. 1. Power of enduring. 2. En-
durance of the presence or actions of objectionable per-
sons, or of expression of offensive opinions ; toleration.
Tol'or-ant, a. inclined to tolerate ; indulgent.
Tol'er-ate, r. t. [L. tolerare^ -ratumy It. root of tollere
to lift up. 1 To suffer to be, or be done, without hindrance ;
to allow, hy not preventing ; to put up with.
Syn. — See Pbrmtt.
TOl^er-a^OD, n. 1. A tolerating ; allowanoe of what
is not wholly approved. 2. Allowanoe of religious opin-
ions and worship different from those of an esUblished
chnrch or belief. 3. Freedom from bigotry.
ToU (t51), r. /. [See Tolb.] 1. To draw ; to allure.
2. [I^rob. at first meaning, to ring in order to draw peo-
ple to church.] To sound (a bell) with strokes slowly
f^ni, recent, 6rb, r^de, fyll, ftxn, food, f<^t, oat, oil, chair, g^ sing;, iqk, tt&en, Uiia
TOLL
584
TO:STINE
ftDd uniformly repeated. 3. To strike (t^ia hour) : to
ring ft toll for. 4. To call <»> notify t^ toUing or riuging.
—9. i. To ring, as a bell at f iui«iral«, or in osaiiug aMMiii-
kdies, or to announce a deatli.— n. Sound of a tolliiig bell.
Toll (t91), n. [A8. ; ukin to K. fate ; — orig., tliat which
ie counted out hi payment. See Tai.b.] 1. Tax paid for
aome liberty, enp. for passing over a bridge or on a high-
way, or for vending goods in a market, etc. 2. PortUHi
of grain taken by a mlUer as a eompensation for grinding.
TsU M4ga, ft Imdge where toll is paid for pasnng OTer
it. — Toll nthsfsr, one who takes* at gathers, toll.
Syn. —Tax ; custom ; duty ; impost.
ToUlMOCIl' (4>6&thO, *». IToli KMX ■\- booth.} A Scot-
tish burgh jail ; prison. [Written also Mboolh.]
Toll'0r (tSl'Sr), n. A toU gatherer.
ToU'0r, n. One who tolls a belt
ToU'gato' (toKgif ), n. Gate where toU is taken.
ToU'oyUi (miu), n. ToU gatberar.
To-lo' (t^-lSbf or tjyin), n. A fragrant balsam first
brought from New Granada.
Ton'ft-bJIWk (tSm'A-hftk), n. [ Amer. Indian ( Algon-
kin) iomeAaffen.) War
hatchet of the American
Indians. — r. f. To cut or
kill with a tomahawk.
To-ma'to (t^-iui'td or
t^mi&'td), n. [Sp. or Pg.
tonuUe^ of Amer. Indian
origin; Mexican tomatl.}
Plant of the Nightshade Tomahawk,
family, or its fruit, eaten either cooked or raw.
Tomb (t0Sni), n. [OE. & F. tombe, LL. tumba, fr. Or.
TVftfiof tomb, grave.] 1. Pit for a human body ; grave ;
sepulclier. 2. Vault for reception of the dead. 3. Mon-
ument to inclose the body and preserve the memory of
the dead. — v. t. To place in a tomb j to bury ; to hiter.
TomblOM, ff. Destitute of a tomb.
TonHloy' (Utota>oiO« n. [ Tom (for Thoma*) -{- boy.]
A romping girl ; hoiden. [C0//09. t
Tonb'ttOllO' <tSdm'8t9nO, n. Stone erected over a
grave, to preserve the memory of the deceased.
Tom'oat' (tSm'kit^), n. Large male cat.
Tom'OOd^ (.kBdOt n. [Anier. Ind. tacand^ lit., plenty
flsh.l (a) A small edible American flsh of tlie Codfish
family, very abuudaut in autumn on the Atlantic coast of
the Northern United States ; — called also froglfl*h. {Jb)
The kingflsh. (e) The Jack.
Tome (tSm), a. [F. : L. lomtts^ It. Or. rofiot piece
cut off, volume, akin to W/uLfcii' to out.] As many writ-
ings as are bound in a volume ; a book.
TomtOOl' (tSmf 9510, n. [ Tom (see Tombot) -f foot.]
A great fool ; trifler. — ToiB'foOl'or-yi »•
To-mor'lrow (ta5-m5r'r<^), a*tv. [Prep, to -f- morrov?."}
On the morrow. ^ n. The day after the present.
Toni'pl-Oll (tSm'pT-Qii), n. [See TximoM.] 1. Stop-
per of a cannon or musket. 2. Plug in a flute or organ
pipe, to modulate the tone. [mouse, (b) The wmn. I
Tomtit' (-tTt' ), n. [Tom -f- lit the bird.] (a) A Ut- 1
Tom'-tom' (tOm'tSmO. n. Tam-tam.
Ton (t&n), n. The tunny, or horse mackerel.
II TOD (tOif ), n. [F.] Prevailing fashion or mode ; vogue.
II Bon toB (b^K^'tdM''), fashion : fashionable society.
Ton (tfin), n. [AS. tunne tun, tub, large vessel ; akin
to G. & F. tonne ton, tun, LL. ttmna tun ; all perh. of
Celtic origin.] (<t) The weight of twenty hundredweight,
bpfiig, in England, 2,240 .pound*, in the United States,
2,000 pounds (the short ton)^ or 2,240 pounds {long ton),
(b) Forty cubic feet of space, tlie measuring unit of a
ship*s burden, (c) A varying weigiit or quantity of freight.
1^^ Ton and tnnwnm formerly usM interchangeably ;
now Ion generally designates tlie weight, and tun the caak.
TOttO (tSn), n. [F. /om, L. tonus sound, tone, fr. Or.
Hvoi a stretching, straining, pitch, accent, meter ; akin
to TctVftr to stretch.] 1. Sound ; character of a sound.
2. Accent, or inflectioo or modulation of the voioft. 3.
A whining style of tip akiug ; mournful or artificial strain
of voice. 4. (a) A » uud cuusidered as to moucal pttdi.
(fr) The larger kind ot luterval between contignona sounds
in tlie diatonic scale, ttte smaller being called a sratsfeae.
(r) Peculiar quality of sound. (<f ) A tone or plain chant.
6. Healthy physical state. 6. State of nUnd ; mood. 7.
Tenor ; spirit ; drift. 8. Prevailing character or f tyle,
as of monls, mamiers, sentiment, etc 9. General effert
of a picture produced by the combiuation of light and
shade, color, etc. — r. t. 1. To utter with an affected
tone. 2. To give tone to ; to tone. 3. To bring (a pho-
tographic print) to a required shade of color, as by chem-
ical treatment.
Totonsdown. (a) To caase to give a lower tone or sound :
to give a lower tone to. (6) To modify (c<^or in a painting.
etc.) by making it less brilliant or leas crude ; to harmo-
nise, ie) To moderate or relax ; to soften. - TO tons ap.
to cause to give a higher tone or sound ; to strengthen.
Tonn (tSogs), m.pl. [AS. tangf ; akhi to Or. Uta^tM
to bite. J A two-lei^ed instrument for handling tiling,
esp. hot coals or metals ; — often called a pair of tongs.
Toacnt (tOng), n. [as. lunae; akin to OL. dirngva^
L. lingua. ] 1. An organ situated in the floor of the mouth
of most vertebrates, and in man and other mammals the
Srincipal organ of taste, and, in man, modifying the voice.
. Articulate utterance ; speech. 3. Discourse ; fluency
of expression. 4. A language ; sum of words used by any
nation. 6. Thing like an uiimal's tongue, (a) A pro-
jection, or slender appendage, as of a buckle or a balance.
(6) Projection on the side (of a board, etc.) fitting into a
groove, (c) Point of land, projecting into a sea or lake.
(<f ) Pole of a veliicle. (e) CUpper of a belL
To bold the tongas, to be silent.
Sy n.— Language ; speech ; expression. Bee Lahouaok.
— r. <. 1. To speak ; to utter. 2. To modulate or mod-
ify with the tonffue, as notes, fn playing the flute, etc
3. To join (boards), by a toc^fue and groove.
Tongnod (tQugd), a. Havhw a tongno.
TonnolOM (tfing^s), a. 1. Having no tongue. 2.
Speecmees; mute.
Tongna'-tio' (-tfO« n. Impeded motion of the tongue
from a malformaticm. — f . L To deprive of speech or
distinct articulation. — TOBSVO'-tiid' (-tld0» o.
TOB^(t«nak},a. [Or.Torur^. SeeToKB.] 1. Ftoi.
to tones or sounds ; distinguishing a speech sound made
with tone unmixed and nnobetructed. 2. Pert, to, or in-
creasing, tension ; strengthening. 3. Increastng the tone
of the animal system, ^n. 1. A tonic element or letter ;
vowel or diphthong. 2. Key tone, or flrst tone of any
musical scale. 3. Medicine strengthening the system.
To-nlgltt' (td6-nlf ), adv. & n. ThU night.
Tonlm luan' (t^Q'kA bSnO* Seed of a Icgumfnooa
tree of Guiana, employed in scenting snuff. [Called also
tonquin bean^ tonea bean^ tonga bean.!
TOtt'ttAfO (tlln'ntj ; 2), fi. [Fr. ton a measure.] 1.
Weight of goods carried in a ^tp. 2. Cubical content
or burden of a vessel in tons ; amount of weight which
a vessel may carry. 3. Duty on vessels, Mtimated per
ton ; duty, toll, or rate payable on goods per ton trans-
ported on canals. 4. whole amount of shipping estl-
inated by tons. [riandular organs In the throat. I
'■n (tSn'sTI), n. [X. tonsiUse, pi.] One of two|
Ton's!
Ton'nIlO (-sTl), a. [L. tonsilts^ it. tondert^ lotuwin, to
" " " table of being clipped.
(-«5r), ».(!*.] A barber.
clip.] Capable of being clipped.
Ton'aor (-«5r), f^ : "
Ton-wm-al (-syrT-al), /r Pert, to a barber, or shaving.
Ton'snro (-shyr), n. [F., fr. L. tonsura a shearing,
fr. tondere^ ton^Hm.] 1. A clippii^ the hair, or ahaving
the crown of the head. 2. The shaven crown worn by
Roman Catholic prieste as a mark of their order.
Ton-tine' (-t«nO, n. [F., f r. It. toniina ; — fr. Its fai-
ventor, Tonti.] An annuity, or a loan on Itfe annuities,
with the benefit of sdrrivor^ip.
ftf 8, 1, S, «, kmg ; &, «, 1, 5, 0, f , short ; SMiiito, 3vent, tdea, 6bey, finite cAto, ibm, dUk, 1^ flmd.
TOO
585
TORPEDO
Too (t5&), adv. [Same word as to, prep.} 1. Over ;
more than enough. 2. Likewiae ; Mkio ; in wlditiou.
Took (td6k), imp. of Take.
Tool (tool), N. [AS. iOl; akin to Icel. Hl^ Goth, tau^
Ian to do, to make.] 1. lu«trumeut to facUiuUe mechan-
loal operatioDB; implement ; part of a machine tliat
dreaaea work. 2. Oue uaed as another'* instrument. ^
V. I. To shape or fluiah with a tooL
Toot (tS5t), V. t. [Cf. D. toeten; prob. imitative.]
To blow a horn; to give forth tuch a sound. — v. t. To
sound (a horn, etc.) ; to blow.
Tootll (tooth), n. / pi, Tbstb (tSth). [AS. tdS ; akin
to G. zoAn, L.
dens^ dentU, Gr.
o&>vt, &dorro«.]
1. Oue of the
ikiuall bones at-
tached to the
jawj of most ^ c r » • •
vertebrates, for ' ' ' .^ ^ n
abape, position, v y v
O' "*• '\,^^^ ' Ptrraanent Tefth of the Rixht Side of the
prong; tine.— Upper and Under Jaw of Man. aa Incia-
V. t. 1. To fur- on» ; 6 Canineti ; cc Bicuapida; ditd Mo-
nish with teeth. **" ' ' Crown : / Neck ; o Fang or Root.
2. To indent ; to jag. 3. To lock into each other.
Tooth'j 3ha^ (-ikO, n. Pain in the teeth ; odontalgia.
Toothed (t^tht), a. 1. Having teeth.. 2. Having
marginal projectingjMinta ; dentate.
ToothOoos, a. Having no teeth.
Tooth^plok' (-pTl^O; *»• Instrument for clearing the
teeth of substances loMiged between them.
Tootll'SOlBIO (-sfim), a. Grateful to the taste ; palaUble.
Sp(«Jp),f». [Cf.OD.<foi),top.] AchUd'stoy,made
in on its point,
p, n. [AS.] 1. Highest part of anything ; upper
end, edge, or extremity ; summit ; apex ; vertex ; cover ;
lid. 2. Utmost degree ; acme. 3. The highest rank ;
most honorable position. 4. Grown of the head, or the
hair upon it; the head. 6. Platform surrounding the
head or a ship's lower mast, ^r.i,
1. To rise aloft ; to be eminent ; to
tower. 2. To predominate. 3. To
exceL ^ r. t. 1. To cover on the
top ; to tip ; to cap. 2. To rise
above ; to surpass. 3. To rise to
the top of ; to go orer the top of.
4. To take off the top of ; to crop.
To'pai (typSz), n. [Gr. wiira^bs.]
1. A mineral occurring in rhombic
firisms, generally yellowish and pel-
ncid, also oolorle.)8, and of bluish or
brownish shades. It is used as a
gem. 2. A brilliantly colored hum-
ming bird of South America and the
West Indies.
Top'-bOOtS' (t5pa)65t»0. n. pi.
High boots, having a colored band _
around the upper part. Top CAoiii.).
Topo (tSp), r. i. [F. toper to cover a stake in playing
at dice, to accept an offer, tope agreed ! ; — used in Eng-
lish as a drinking term.] To drink to excess.
To'por (typSr), n. A drunkard ; sot.
Topgallant (tSp'glinant ; among seamen t^-gSl'-
lant), a. Situated alx>ve the topmast ; pert, to the third
spars 'ibove the deck. See 77/tM/. of Ship.
Top^-haill'per f-hSm'pSr), n. Upper rigging, spars,
etc, of a ship. [Written also top hamper."]
Top'-lioav'y (-hSv^J^), a. Having the top or upper
part too heavy for the lower part.
[Heb. ISpM, lit., a plaoe to be
, fr. <«|>A _to aplt out.] '
To'i^kOt (tO'fflt), H.
spit upon, aOomiuable
place near Jerusalem, defiled by siioriflcee 'to Baal' and
Moloch, aud resounding with the crieaof bumiug infanta.
TO^IW (td'ltU), n. [ML.] One of the miaeral con-
cretions about the juiuts, etc., in goaty persons ; a chalk-
stone. [Written also tq/u4.}
Topl^-iy (tSp'T-t-ry), a. [L. topiarius^ fr. iopia (sc.
opera) ornamental gardening, fr. Gr. Hmt place.] Pert
to ornamental gardening ; produced by trimming, etc.
Topio (-Tk), n. [L. topiea title of a work of Aristotle,
Gr. Toiruca, f r. rowtjcot of or for place, coiict:ming rtfvot,
or commonplaces, fr. rovoc place.] Subject of any di^
tinct portion of a discourse, argument, or literary coni-
positiou ; matter treated of ; point ; head. —a. Topical.
Top'kKd (-I-kal), a. 1. Pert, to a jdaoe; limited;
local ; designed for local i4)pUcation. 2. Pert, to, con-
sisting of, or according to, topics. — Top'kHd-ly, adv.
ToP'kllOt' (-u6t/), M. Great of featliers upon the head
or top, as of a bird ; ornamental knot on top of the head.
Top'mast (-mAst), n. A ship's second mast, or that
above the lower mast, and below the topgallant maat.
Topmost' (-mSstO, a. Highest : uppermost.
To-pog^-phor (td-p«^'riUl&), n. One skilled in to-
pography ; one who describes a particuUr place or tract.
To-pog^-pfay (tt-iOgfrMf), n. [Gr. Twroypcu^;
T6wot place -f- ypo^ciy to write.] Description oi a par-
ticular place, town, tract of land, etc. — Top'O-gn^p^O
(tdp^ft-griuak), Top'o-gxmplLlo-al, a.— Top'o-gnplL'-
io-al-ly, adv.
Toyving (tSp'pTng), a. 1. Rising above ; surpaasins.
2. Assuming ; proud. — n. 1. A cutting off the top. 2.
A raising one end of a spar hiffber than tlie other.
Top^O (tSp'p'l), V. I. «& I. [Fr. top aummit.] To pitch
down ; to overturn.
Top'oall' (-sil' ; -s'l, among seamen), ». In a square-
rigged vessel, the sail next above the lowermost saU on a
mast In a fore-and-aft rigged vessel, the sail set upon
and above the gaff.
Top'sy-tnr'Ty (tOp'ty-tflr'vy), adv, [Earlier top-
tide-turvey; where turvy prob. means, overturned, fr.
AS. torjian to throw.] In an inverted posture ; with the
top or head downward ; upside down.
Togno (t«k), n. [F. ; of Celtic origin.] A cap, orig.
of the IGth century ; — called also toquet.
Toroh (t6rch), n. [F. torche a torch, rag, wisp, pad ;
prob, fr. L. to^-nvrrf^ (fivfum, in tw i-^t,] A Halil loriiiwd
of sir Mir curntiHntiblr' rLiip^ioiicp : tiiuiLtie^iL^ or Umii gin-
iuif ;k rt.iriii^ iiniu-^ — TotTOh'lMU'Or n.
Tor^hllf bt Mi t^ u /I Liglit of a t»roh, or of toreliei.
Tor'munt tiir'ni^uUs Ji. [OP., fr. L. tormeninm witi^
gisi. r ri hiirliiii; [iiJEiPiLt^'^. imitnitneiit of torture, rack, fr.
/or; -rv iM turn, to tw|*t, luirl.l \. Eitremo psm ;
nr> i; 1 : « hi I ; t ort 1 1 nu 2. Th st whicii gu' » pain or rexat ioiu
TOT-mwit' (Efir-mfiiir'), r. L \, To put to extreme
pftijj m juiguirtJi ; to tiirttirv, 3, T*i miu ; to artllct
3. Ti^ v-'K. \€€Aioq.\ — ■ror-mtnt'or, Tor-maat'oVt »*
Tom 'tatii^i p. py of TiUK.
Tor iiA'do ( tar-
nl'.J*s, n. [Spv er
Pp. Usnwr to Mini,
reLurii, h* ii^i-wtte
to iiirn, hencft, a
whJTiItbg wtntl.} A
vlolpnt whirling
wJrHliAiitAllryclDnr.
Torpe'flo {-\%*-
d^i. /I. [L,, Jr. ii^r-
per^ to thj j(tirT,
numb, or torpid.] 1. European Torpedo, or Crampflsh {1^
Any one of uumer- ptx>u vuigun*).
ous flslies related to
the rays, but able to give electrical ahocks. Called also
fSm, recent, 6rb, r^de, fyll, Urn, food, fo'ot, oat, oil, chair, go, sing, i^k, then, tM^
TORPID
586
TOUCHINESS
erampJUh^ and numbJUh. 2. Machtnfi for blowing up
ahips. 3. SlieU or cartridge buried in earth, to be exploded
by electricity or by stepping on it. 4. Detonatinig car-
tridge or shell placed on a rail, and exploded when
crufehsd nnder the locomotive wheels, — used as an alarm
signal. 6. A firework in the form of a pellet, which
explodes when thrown upon a hard object.
Tor^Vld (tdr'pTd). a. [L. tarpiduty it, torpere to be
ilT, numb, or torpid.] 1. Havius lost motion, or power
"' " " 2. DuU ; sluggish : in-
■tifft
of exertion and feeling ; nuuib.
active. -Tor-Bld't-ty (pTdT-ty), Ton^-ntii; ».
Tor'^por (-por), n. [LJ 1. Loss of motion, or power
of motion ; numbness. 2. I>ulluess ; inactivity.
TOF'por-lflO (-Iflk), a. [L. torpor -\-facere to make.]
Tending to produce torpor.
TofW-ftr (tOr'ri-fi), r. /. [L. torrere to parch + -fy- ]
[Written also torri/y.] To dry by a fire ; to scorch ; to
parch. — Torre-fao'lion (tSr^r^-lIk'shttn), n.
T(n/railt (-rent), n. [F., fr. L. torrens^ -rentu, fr. tor-
rent burning, roaring, boiling, p. pr. of torrere.} A
violent stream, as of water, lava, etc.
Tor'rid (tSr'rld), a. [L. torridm, It. torrere : akin to
£. thirst.] 1. Parched ; dried with heat. 2. Violently
hot; burning; parching.
Torrid loae, belt of the earth. Included between the
tropics, over which the sun is vertical at some period of
every year, and the heat is always great.
Tor'atoB (tdr'shfin), n. [F., fr. LL. tonio^ fr. L. tor-
quereto twist. Bee Toktcrb. ] 1. A turning or twisting,
or being twisted ; wrenching of a body by a lateral force
tending to turn one part of it about a longitudinal axis,
while the other is held fast or turned in the opposite
direction. 2. Force with which a thread, wire, or rod
returns to a state of rest after it has been twisted.
Tor'flO (tdr^B^), n. [It., prob. fr. L. thvrsus stalk,
stem.] Tlie human body, as disting. fr. head and limbs ;
trunk of a statue, mutilated of head and limbs.
Tort (tdrt), n. [F., fr. L. tortus crooked, p. p. of tor-
quere to twist. See Tosturb. ] Any civil wrong ; injury.
TOK'tlle (tdr'tTl), a. [L. tortilU.} Twisted ; coiled.
TtrtlOIUI (-sh&s), a. Implying tort, or private injury
for which the law gives damages ; involving tort.
Tor'tlTe (-tTv), a. Twisted ; wreathed.
TcrtolM (-tTs or -tfis), n. [0£. tortuce, fr. OF. tortis
crooked, fr. L. /or-
fiMtwisted,— fr.its
crooked feet.] 1.
A reptile of nu-
merous species of
the order Testudi-
nata, esp. one of
the land and fresh-
water species, the
marine species be-
ing generally
called turtles.
Tor'tn-OllS (-tfl-iis ; 40), a. [L. tortuosusy f r. tortus a
twisting, winding, fr. torqnere, tortnm^ to twist.] 1.
Bent in different directions ; twisted ; winding. 2. l>evi-
ating from rectitude ; indirect ; deceitful.
Tor'tliro (-tftr ; 40), n. [F., fr. L. torturoj It. torqnere^
tortum^ to twist, rack, torture ; prob. akin to Gr. rp^v^ty
to turn.] 1. Extreme pain ; anguish ; agony ; torment.
2. Severe pain inflicted judicially, either as punishment,
or to extort confession from an accused person. ^ v. t.
1. To put to torture ; to harass ; to vex. 2. To wrest
from the proper meaning ; to distort. — T0l't1ir-«r, n.
II Ti/nui (t^KrHs), n. ; pi. Tori (-r!). [L., a round or
bult;ing place, an elevation.] 1. A large molding used
in the bases of columns. 2. The receptacle, or part of
the flower on which the carpels stand.
To'ly (tS'rj^), n. [Prop, used of certain Irishmen who
plundered during the English civil wars, professing sym-
pathy for the royal cause; transferred to advocates of
Spotted TortoiM {Chelopn* gnttatus).
the extreme r^yal prerogatives : prob. f r. Ir. toiridhe-
lor^ a ponuer, toir pursuit.] 1. One of the English
conservative party, as opp. to the progreerive Whig, or
Liberal, party; supporter of royal and eccleeiaatieal
authority. 2. One who, in the American Revoluttoa,
favored submitting to Great Britain. — To^-lia, it.
Ten (t0s), r. /. [ W. tosiate to jerk, tos a toea, natch.]
1. To throw witli the hand ; to throw with the palm off
the hand upward, or to throw upward. 2. To lift or
throw up suddenly or violently. 3. To canae (a ship,
etc.) to rise and fall.— r. i. To roll and tumble; to
writhe. — n. An upward throwing or jerk ; a toailiw.
Tot (t«t), n. Anytliing small ; a little child. ^
Tolal (tytal), a, [F., fr. LL. totalis, L. totus alL]
Whole; not divided ; fuU ; absolute.— n. The whole;
the sum or amount. — To^tel-lT, adv.
8yn. — Whole ; entire ; complete. Bee Whole.
To-tall-ty (t^-tUT-ty), n. 1. The being toUL 2.
The whole sum ; whole quantity or amoant ; entirety.
TotO (tSt), V. t. [Prob. of African origin.] To carry.
TCtom (tO'tSm), N. [Massachusetts Indian trutokti-
tnoin that to which a person or place belongs.] A nade
picture, as of a bird, beast, etc., used by North American
Indians to designate a family or clan.
Tol'tor(t8et2r),r.<. [Cf. AS./Ml//rw^ltototterinMd}■
late.] 1. To shake so as to threaten a fall ; tovacUlate;
to stagger. 2. To reel ; to waver.
To'tf-MllnatO (tS'tT-pil'mtt), a. [L. totus aU + K.
palmateT] Haviiw all four toes united by a web.
Ton'oan (tC&niln), n. [F., fr. Pg. tHcano; It. Bra-
silian name.] A tropical Ameri-
can fruit-eating biid, ^.ixin^ a.
very large, but light aiul ti>iM.
Tonoh (tfich), r.
/. [OF. touchier ; of
Teutonic origin;
akhitoE. fi/^.j 1.
To come in contact
with;tohitIighUy.
2. To perceive by
feeling. 3. To
reach; to attain to.
4. To concern; to
affect. 6. To han-
dle, speak of, or
deal with ; to treat
of. 6. To meddle
or interfere with.
7. To affect the
senses or sensibility
of ; to move ; to
soften. 8. To make an impression on ; to have effect
upon. 9. To manipulate ; to phiy on. 10. To be tan-
gent to. —V. i. 1. To be in contact. S. To tevat any-
thing in discourse, esp. in a slight or casual manner. —
A. 1. A touching, or being touched ; contact. 2. Sense
by which properties of bodies are determined by contact ;
the tactile sense. 3. An emotion or affection. 4. A sin-
gle stroke on a drawing or a picture. 6. Act of the hand
on a musical instrument. 6. A small qnantity inter-
mixed ; UtUe ; dash. 7. Trial ; test ; proof. — Tootdhtt-
hie, a.
Tonohliaok' (-bXkO« n. A touching the football down
by a player behind his own goal line when it waa last im-
pelled bv an opponent.
Toaon'dOWll' (-dounO« n. A touching the football
down behind the opponents* gosL
Safety touchdown, the touching to the ground, behind
one^s goal line, a ball last impelled by one of his own side.
Toooll'hole' (-hSlOt n. Vent of a cannon, etc., for
communicating Are to the powder of the charge.
Tonohl-ly (-T-lj^), adv. In a touchy manner.
ToooM-lieos, n. A behig touchy ; irritability.
tf^f^K rH" f'n^tti.i.i\.
», S, 1, 5, ft, long ;&,£,!, 5, fi, % short ; sonAte, #vent, tdea, 6bey, Unite, cAre, firm, Aak, nil, fmsL
TOUCHING
587
tRACHEA
J (tUchTng), a. Affeotiiig ; pakbetie. ^prep,
Conoerning. — n. Bense or met of feeling ; touch.
TMMdl'-BI^-aot' (-mt-iiOf ), n. (a) Impatient^ a pUnt
which bnraU when handled, and scatter* its seeds. (6)
▲ spedas of plant whoae fruit expels seeds and J«iice.
TMMlkfBtMW' (-stSiiOt «•• 1- Lydian stone ; — a com-
pact aUieioas schist used to test the purity of gold and
ailver by the streak left upon the stone when rubbed by
themeteL 8. A test or criterion.
Tootfh'WOOdf (-wd6dO, n. [Prob. for taekwood ; OB.
torAe tinder + troorf.] 1. Wood so decayed as to serve
for tinder ; punk. 8. Dried fungi used as tinder.
TonohfT C-y), a. [For to/cAv.T Peerish ; Irritable.
T«OC]l(toO,a. [AS./dA.] L Having flexibilitT with-
out fanttleneas ; able to reaut great stnin. 2. Able to
endure hardship ; firm ; strong. 3. Not easily separated ;
Tisoooa ; clammy ; tenacious. 4. Stiff ; stubborn. ^ n. A
rowdy. {CoHoq^— Toaffhly, adv. — TonfhlMW, n.
TOOgll'ail (taf'^n), V. {. A t. To grow or make tough.
TOO-PM' (ta&'pi'), ) n. [F. laupel, dim. of OF. top a
TOB-pet' (tfi&-pSO, ( tuft;akiutoE.toi>.] 1. A lit-
tle tuft ; curl of hair. 2. Small wig, or top piece of a wig.
Toar (t5&r), n. [F.l 1. A going round ; comprehen-
sive excursion. 2. Anythinj^ done successively, orby regu-
Tower.
iU, 5.]
lar order ; a turn. — r. t. To make a tour.
Syn. — Journey ; excursion. See Jousnit.
ToWma-lllM (tJSdr'mA-lTn), n. [F., fr. toumamaif
n%me of the stone in Ceylon.] A mineral commonly of
a black color (schorl), but alao blue (indicolite), red (ru-
beUite), green, brown, and white. The red and green,
when transparent, are valued as jewels. [Written alao
tHrmaiiite.']
Toor'JUI-llMBt (tfiOr'ni-mrat), n. [OF. tomeiemeni a
wheeling round. See Tourxsy.] 1. A mock fight, or war-
like game, between horaenien. 2. Any contest of skill in
which many contend for championship.
TOUI'llty (-n]^), fi. [OF. tomei, fr. tomeier to tilt, to
tourney, F. iounwyer to turn round and round . ] A tour-
nament. « r. i. To perform in tournaments ; to tilt.
Towr'Jli-qaet (-ni-kSt), n. [F., fr. tonmer to turn.]
Surgical instrument for arresting hemorrhage by jpreasure.
II Tov-irar*' (-nyr'), n. [F., fr. loumerA 1. Turn ;
contour ; figure. 2. Device for expanding a sKlrt ; bustle.
TOBMi Taon (touz), r. t. & i. [OE. to*en.Ji To pull ;
to haul ; to tear ; to worry. — ToOfl'flr, n. [Pror. Eng.}
TOS'lle (tou'sM), r. /. [Freq. of touse.] To put into
disorder; to tumble; to touse. [Colioq.'}
UTaat-eil'MOia»l0(t«&'tXN'8fiii'bl'),n. [F.I All to-
gether : general effect of a work of art as a whole.
Tow (15), n. [AS.] Coarse and broken part of flax
or hemp, separated from the finer part.
Tow, r. t. [OB. towerif toyen ; akin to AS. tohline a
towline, tedn to draw, p. p. getogm.'l To draw (a vessel)
through water, by a rope. — «. 1. Rope by which any-
thing is towed; towline; towrope. 2. A towing, or
being towed. 3. Tliat which i» towed, as a barge, raft,
collection of boats, etc. [for towing, t
ToWagO (tS^J ; 2), n. 1. A towing. 2. Price paid |
To'Wlrt (tS^rd), \prep. [AS. Wirearrf Impending,
To'waidS (tS^rdz^, t imminent, future, toward. t6-
tcearde* towards. 1 1. In the direction of ; to. 2. Re-
garding ; concerning. 3. Tending to ; in the direction
of ; in behalf of. 4. Near ; about ; approaching to.— adv.
Near ; at hand ; in Bt\te of preparation.
To'WlrtKtywSrd},/?. [AS. fdtreard.l 1. Approach-
ing ; coming near. 2. Ready to do or learn ; not f reward ;
apt ; docile. 3. Ready to act ; forward ; bold. — TC-
wifd-MM, n. [ll-naw, n. I
To^waid-ly, a. Toward ; apt ; tracUble.— To'Wird-l
TowOMAT (tS'bStOt n, 1. Vessel to be towed, as a
canal boat. 2. Steamer for towing other veswls ; tng.
ToWol (tou'W), n. [F. touaillej LL. toiculn • of Teu-
tonic origin.] Cloth for wipin(r« or drying anjrthing wet.
r (-«r), n. [OE. & OF. tour, L. ttirHs. ] 1. Lofty
usually higher than its diameter ; pnHection
from aline of wall, as in a fortification, or for a Mdfry.
2. A citadel ; fortress ; defense.
^ r. t To rise and overtop other
objects; to be very high ; to soar.
ToWw-lnc (tou'Sr-Tng), a.
1. Very high ; rishig aloft. 2.
Violent; surpassing.
TowOllM' (UyVmf), n. Una
for towing vessels.
Town (toun), 11. [AS. (i<» i
inclosure, fence, village, town.]
1. Collection of houses larger*^
than a village. 2. In England, ^
a collection of houses having a
regular market, and not a citv ^
or the see of a bishop. 3. A
I populated place, disting. f r. the '
country, or rural communities.
I 4. Body of people in a town.
, 6. A township ; territory with-
I in certain limits, leas than those of a county.
I 6. The metropolis or its inhabitants.
! Syn. - Village : hamlet. See Village.
I Town dark, officer who keeps the records of a town, and
enters Its official proceedings. — Town talk, common talk
of a place ; topic of common conversation.
I ToWB^iall' (tounOiRlO. n, A public hall where the
' town offices are established, the council meets, people
asaemble in town meeting, etc.
TowiW'Ulk' (touns'fSk'). n. People of a town ; in-
habitants of a city, disting. fr. country people.
T0Wll'llllp(toun'BhTp),ii. 1. Districtof atown, sub-
ordiuate to the county. 2. In surveys of United States
public land, a division of territory G miles square.
ToWBS'oyui (tounz'man), n. 1. An inhabitant of a
town ; one of the same town with another. 2. A select-
man, in New England. [towing boats. I
TOW'pAtll' (t9^p4th0, n. Path for men or animals |
tVWtvgf (-rSp'), n. Rope used in towing vessels.
Tow'MT (tou'ser), n. [See Tousb.] FamilUr name
for a dog. [written also totrzrr, and touzer."}
Tozio (tSksTk), ) a. [L. toricum poison.] Pert, to
TOK'lD-Ill (-T-kal), ( poison ; poisonous.
T0Z'lHMl'0-ff7 (-T-k51^-jj^), n. ^Gr. ro^uccSr poison +
•iogy. ] Science of pf>i*M«r*n. their effects, antidotes, and
reroffikjli^m- — Toi 1 CO log't*! (-M-lOJI-kol), a.
Toy (toi), H. [1>. fti\tj Ml 1 4s, stuff, trash, speel/rr/y
SUyiiiiji(r», t<9ys.] X FLaytlttDg for children; bawble.
;. TianR fi^r ttimis&mnnt, htit of no real value; a trifle.
— r-. h, To dally amoTf>uftly ; to play. — Toy^tT, «.
T07'»JliOp'^ »- f?li#p wrir-rr* toys are sold.
Tra€« icriiirt), fi. [K. frfiit*. pi. of trait. See Txatt.]
Oii^^ r>\ twn AimtHs ^t.<-.. Mtai^liinga horse to a vehicle or
thing to be drairn ; a ItiE.
Traoo, n. [F., fr. OF. trnrier, fr. L. trakere, (metum,
to draw.] 1. A mwk left by anything passing ; track ;
path ; footprint. 2. A very small quantity of a rhemical
element or compound in a given substance. 3. Mark or
impression of anything no longer exlRtini; ; token.
Syn. - Vpstige ; mark ; token. See Vcstiob.
«— r. /. 1. To mark out ; to copy a drawing, etc., by fol-
lowing the linen. 2. To follow by footsteps, tracks, or
tokens. 3. To walk over ; to pass
throneh ; to traverse. — TttOO'A- P
ble (-A-bn), a. — Tim'oer. n.
Tim'oer-y {-f\ n. Ornamental
architectural work with ramified
I lines.
I Tri'ollO-tCtriL'kM; /.. trA-k^A), Portion of Trachea of
trnehtrt. Or. rftax^ia (sc. V^t« wound : b Oriirin of
windpipe), fr. rpaxy% rough.] Tlie a Srenndary Tniehe-
wiiidpipe. See Illust. of Luso. ■! Bimnch.
fSm, recent, 6rb r^de, f^U, Urn, food, fdbt, <mt, oil, cliair, go, siiiy, iyk, then, thin.
TracheotomIt
Tni'a»«C'M&T(trrkt-9t^-mj^),fi. [7Vae*M + Or.
f^iirvir to cat.] A cutting into the windpipe.
Tmok (trSk), fi. [OF. trae track of hones, tnMse of
animals ; of Teutonic origin.] 1. Mark left by aowething
that haapaaaed. 2. FootprUit ; trace. 3. Road ; beaten
rh. 4. Conrae ; way. e. Course laid out for a race, etc.
Permaoentwayof a railroad: the rails, ^r.tf. L To
follow the traoea of ; to trail. 2. To tow (a vessel).
TnudlB'CS* (-tj ; 2), n. A tracking or towing ; towage.
TlAOkQMlv a. Having no track ; untrodden.
Tnot (trikt), II. [Abbr. fr. tractate.'^ Written dis-
course ; short treatise, esp. on practical religiou.
Tnot, ». [L. Iractus a drawing, train, track, course,
tract of land, fr. trahere^ trutUum^ to drawj 1. Some-
thing drawn out <Hr extended ; expanse. S. Region of
land or water, of indefinite extent ; area.
Syn.— Region ; district ; quarter ; essay ; treatise.
TlBOf a-bU (trikf 4-b'l), a. [L. IractabUu, fr. tme-
tare to draw violentiy, to treat.] Capable of being easily
led or managed ; docile. — Timof a-W-ness, Tiaot'a-
Mll-ty (-bm-ty), ». -Traofa-bly, adv.
Tnotlto (triktai), a. Capable of beinir drawn out
in length ; ductUe. — Tiao-tlll-ty (trSk-tTll-ty), n.
TnuKUon (trik'shftii), fi. 1. A drawing, or being
drawn. 2. A drawing a body along a plane. 3. Adhe-
sive friction of a wheel on a rail, a rope on a pulley, etc
Tiaetl¥6 (triktav), o. PuUlug ; attracting.
TlMror(-8r),tt. IVIj., it. L.trahere,tractum,'\ That
which draws, or is used for drawing.
Trada (trid), ». [OE. tred a footmark. See Tkbao.]
1. Orig., atrail ; wav ; travel ; re«>rt. [Obs.) 2. The ex-
changhig coounodities by barter, or by buying and sell-
ing for money ; commerce : traffic ; barter. 9. Business
which one hM learned, and engages in ; occupation ; me-
clumical employment. 4. Company of men engaged in
the same occupation. 6. pi. The trade winds.
Syn. — Profession ; occupation; office; calling; avo-
cation ; employment ; commerce ; dealing ; traffic
Trais sals, auction by and for the trade, esp. that of the
booksellers. — Trais vtkU a wind in the torrid zone which
blowa from the same quarter throughout the year ; — so
called f r. its usefulness to navigators and to trade
* r. I. 4& f . Tb traffic, or to buy and sell ; to sell or
exchange in commerce ; to barter.
TraM'-Baik' (-mKrkO, «^ Distinguishing mark af-
fixed by a manufacturer or merchant to his goods.
Trad'ar, n. 1. One engaged in trade or commerce ;
merchant ; trafficker. 2. Vessel engag«Mi iu trade.
TrafltalDMI (trids'mon), n. 1. One who trades ;
shopkeeper. 2. A mechanic or artificer. [T. iS.l
nadM' va^lon (un'yttn), or Tiada' vn'IOQ. A com-
bination among workmen to maintain their rights and
intnvats as to wages, hours of labor, customs, etc.
Tim-tfHlOB (tr4-dTsh'fin), i». [L. IradUio, f r. tradere
to give up, transmit.] 1. A delivering into tlie hands of
another; delivery. 2. Oral delivery of information,
opinions, doctrines, practices, rites. Mid customs, from
father to son, or from ancestors to posterity ; transmis-
sion of knowledge without written memorials. 3. Be-
lief transmitted without written memorials : custom or
practice long observed. — Tia-dl'tlOII-al, Tia-dltlon-
a-ry, a. -Tia-dl'tlOB-al4y, Tia-dftlon-a-rt-ly. ndv.
TnodBlW (trA-dGH'), r. t. [L. imdncere^ -ductum, to
lead across, exhibit, disgrace, derive ; tran* across, over
+ ducere to lead.] To expose to contempt or shame ;
to oalnmniate ; to vilify ; to defame. — Tia-dn'oer. n.
TrafUo (trif'flk), p. i. [imp. & p. p. TaAmcEED
(-flkt); ». pr. A rh. n. TEAmcKiNa.] fF. tmjiquer ;
LL. tmficnre.'] 1. To trade. 2. To trade meanly; to
bargain. ^n. 1. Commerce; trade. 2. Business done
upon a railroad, st^^mboat line, etc. — Trafflok-er. n.
Trag'a-OailtJl (trSg'4-kinth), n. [Or. rpayaiciu^ ;
Tpftvoc he-goat + Moytfa a thoni.] Gum from a shrub
of Western Asia, used as a substitute for gum nrabic.
688 TRAMONtAKfi
Tia-ia'dl-aB(tri-jS'dT-an),f». L Writer of tn^a^j.
2. PUyer iu tragedyi
II Tia'K<'diaillia^(tr4'shrdy«n'
B. trA-l^dT^nO, «.
[FJ A woman who plays in tragedy.
nas'a4y(triU'^y),N. [Gr. r^yr^*^ fr' »yaw««i
a tragic poet, oris., a goat singer ; r(iiy9% goat -f mtOaw
to sing.l 1. A dramatic repa-eseutation of aone sjaal
action, having a fatal issue ; drama of the sad or lerriMe
phases of character and life. 2. A fatal and aouinfal
event ; event in which human Uvea are lost bj viokBoe.
— taflo, Traa'lo^ a. — Trac'lo^4y, a<f».
TKlt'l-CQIBao, la. Pert, to tragi-comedy ; con-
TKlf'l-OOnilO-al, f binbig grave and comic aoenes.
II Tia'caa (tri'gQa), ». [NL. ; Gr. r^yof a nut of Uie
inner ear.] Prominence in front of the ear. Bee Sab.
Txall (tril), V. I. [OF. /roO/fr to traU or bnut a deer;
prob. akin to L. trahere to draw.] 1. To hunt by the
track; to track. 2. To draw or drag, as along the
ground. «r. t. To be drawn out in length; to folk>w
after. — n. 1. Track left by man or beast ; track fol-
lowed by the hunter. 2. A footpath or road track
through a wilderness. 3. Entrails of a fowL
Tiam (trin), r. /. [OF. Irahiner, trahter, fr. L. tm-
here."] 1. To draw along ; to trail ; to drag. 2.. To fonn
by practice ; to educate ; to exercise ; to discipline. S.
To lead or direct (young trees, etc.), and form to a wall
or espalier ; to form to a proper afaape, by bending, km-
ping, OT pruning. — m. 1. Scinething drawn along, or in
the hhader part or rear ; dragging nart of a gown ; after
part of a gtin carriage ; tail of a bird. 2. Body of at-
tendants ; retinue ; suite. 3. Succession of ooonectcd
thinn ; series. 4. Regular method ; process ; course.
6. Une of gunpowder laid to lead lire to a charge, mine,
etc 6. Connected line of cars on a railroad. 7. A roll
train, or set of rolls for rollhig metal into various foma.
— Traln'er, n. — Traln'a-Ua, a. [as of a robe, i
TralnlMar'cr(-bftr'8r),fi. One who holds up a train,!
Train' all' (oil'). [D. or LG. traan train oU, blnbbar
i-E.oil.} OU got from fat of whales, by boiling.
TiatnM (trapii), «' . I. [Cf . G. tmpten to tread nobUy . ]
Tojo about in a slaUeiply^manner. IColtoq.']
Trait (trit), N. [F., fr. L. tracfuM^ fr. trohere to draw.]
1. A stroke; touch. 2. Distinguishing feature; peculiarity.
TriFtCr (triOSr), n. [OF. traVor, traitemr^ L. /raafr-
for, fr. traderty tradUum^ to deliver, to betray ; trtnu
across, over -(- dare to give.] 1. One who violates hia
allegiance and betrays his country ; one guilty of trea-
son ; one who takes arms against bis country, or aids an
enemy in conquering his country. 2. One who betrays
any confidence or trust. — Tnd'trtaa, n. /. — Traltar-
oaa, n. — Traltor*<Nia4y, ocfr. — Traltor-oaa-atas, m.
Tra-lMf (tr4-J»ktO, r. t [L. trajictrf, -jectmm, to
throw across ;/raiM across -f-/acer0 to throw.] To throw
or cast through, over, or across. — Tra-JaotUII, n.
Tra-|aot'0-ry (-jSk'tt-ij^), %, Curve which a body de-
scribes in space, as a phm^ or comet in ita orbit, or a
stoue thrown upward obliquely in the air.
Tram (trim), m. [Prov. E., coal wagon, shaft of a
cart or beam.] 1. A four-wheeled truck runaiiw on
rails, for carrying coal or ore in a mine. 2. One of tlM
rails of n tramway. 3. Car on a horse railroad. [£*!»«.]
TramfOial, n. [F. trttmatl, LL. Iremaeulum^ net for
taking fisli ; L. ires three + macula a mesh.] 1. Net
for catching birds, fiKhea, etc. 2. Net for confining a
womau^s hair. 3. Whatever impedes activity or free-
dom ; net ; shackle. 4. Iron hook for hanging kettlea,
«tc^, over the fire. — r. /. [imp. & p. p. TtiimwaD
(•rafild) or Trammkllbo : p. pr. A rb. n. Tbamiuuso or
Trammbluno.] To confine ; to hamper ; to shackle. —
Tram'llltl-ar, n. [Written also tmrnm^iUr.}
Tra-mODtaiM (tri-m5u'tin or trSmOkt-tin), «. [OF.
tramontain^ L. transmontanu* ; trame across 4* MM*'*
monti*^ mountain.] B*yoiid the mountaina; foi
barbarous ; ultramontane. — n. A foreigner ;
ft, B. I, S, «, kmg ; &, fi, I, «, O, j^t abort ; aenate, «v«it, tdMs 6bey. finite, cAn, iirm, ilk, tn, AmL
TRAMP
689 TRANSITION
fnun (trlmp)« 9. t
inppt itopt, ttain.]
[Akin to I/>. trampemj and O.
1. To trewl upon forelblj and
npefttodly ; to tnunpfe. 2. To travol or wtader through.
[CoUoq.} — V. i To trarel ; to wander. — n. LA foot
MonMjr or ezcuraion. S. A foot traYoler; yagrant.
8. The Miind of the foot in niarchhig.
TniB'9to(trim''p*l),v.l. [Freq. of /romp.] To treed
under foot ; to treed down. ^ ti. A treediug under foot ;
eoond produced by tnunpliug. — Trammer, n.
Tnmmm^ (-rSdO, Tamlnj' (-w^), n. [TVom a
eoal wagon + road^ way.} 1. Road prepared for easy
tranait of trama or wagona, by formiuf the wheel tracka
of amooth wooden beama, 8t<me blocka, or iron platea.
2. Railroad in the atreeta of a city, on wliich care for pas-
aenoera or for freight are drawn by horaea ; borae railroad.
naaot (trina), n. [F. tra$ue fright, hn OF. alao, trance
or awoon, f r. transir to chill, benumb, L. tratuire to paaa
over, paaa away, cease ; trans acroaa -f ire to go.1 1.
State in which the soul aeema to haTe paaeed out of the
body into another atate of being, or to be rapt into Tiaious ;
an ecataay. 2. A condition, often simulating death, in
which there ia snapenaion of roluntary movement, with
nneonaoiouaneaa of surroundhig objects.
TrMfqnU (tr«Q' *• •
calm; undiaturbed,
TlBB'qilll (trSQ'kwTJ}, a. iL. /ranoui?/M«.] Quiet ;
Im ; undiaturbed. — nran'qml-ly, aar. — TrAll'qilll-
M, Tnui-qiiuni-ty (-kwTi^iuy), n.
Tnui'qiil-lM, \v. t. To render tranquil; to aUay
TnB'qall-lll0J when agitated ; to compose. —
TraB'qiul-l'sar, Traii'qiia-ll'sar, n.
Srn. — To quiet ; still ; soothe ; appease : calm ; pacify.
nailB-llor (trSoa-ikt'), r. t. [L. IranHgerf, -acfitm.]
To carry through ; to do ; to perform ; to manage.
Tnmft-AOtlOJl (-ik'alifin), n. [L. trunsactio, it. trans-
iaere^ -aetuiHt to drive through ; tnins -\- agere to drive.]
1. Tlte doing or performing any business ; management.
2. Tiling done ; affair. — Trans-aot'or (•Skt'Sr), n.
Syn. — TaAVSAonoir ; PaocBKOuco ; action : prooeaa. —
A transaetioH is aomething already done and completed :
a proceeding is either sometiiing now going on, or, if
ended, still coutempUted with reference to Its protfress
or aupceasive stagea.
TnuiB-Al'pliie (-il'pTn or .pin), a. [L. transalpinus ;
trams -\- Alpinus Alpine, Atpes the Alps.] Being beyond
the Alpa h» regard to Rome, that is, on the north or west
side of the Alps ; pert, to the region or people beyond
the Alps ; — opp. to cisalpine. — n. Inhabitant of a coun-
try beyond the Alps, that is, out of Italy.
Trias'at-lUi'tlO (.St.lXu'tIk), a. l. Being beyond the
Atlantic Ooean. 2. Groesing the Atlautic Ocean.
TrtB-SOtBd' (trSn-^ndO, r. t. [L. transcemlere, -scen-
sum; trans 4- seandere to climb.] 1. To rise above ; to
surmount. 2. To go beyond ; to exceed. 3. To surpass.
TraB-Mtnd'nt, a. 1. Very exueUent; surpassiiig
others. 2. Transcending the limits of human knowledge ;
— applied by Kant to speculationa concerning what Ues
beyond the human intellect. — Trui4NM]Ul'Mlt-ly, adv.
— Tnui-soeiifl'«iiM, TraiHMMid'en-cy, n.
TlAA'Mtti-dMl'tal {-a6n-6Snftal\ n. 1. Superemi*
nent ; aurpasaing others. 2. In the Kautiaii system, pert,
to tliat which can be determined a priori iu reffanl to tlie
fundamental principles of human knowledge. 3. Vaguely
and ambitioualy extravagant in speculation, imagery, or
diction. — Traa'Boan-^fliiital-ly, adv. — Tran'sooa-
dtn'til-ism, n. — Tran'Mtn-dantml-lBt. n.
8yn. - TBANSCBNDiirrAL ; Empirical. — EmiArical re-
fers t.i knowledge gained by experience of actual phenom-
ena, without reference to the laws by which they are
explained. Transcendental has reference to beliefs or
prfnoiples not derived from experience, yet necessary to
make experlen'^e po^ble or useful. Bnch, in the better
sense of the term, in fie transcendental philosophy, or
transeendenlaHsm. Ev<h of thnse words is also uned in
a bid senw, empiricism applying to thAt one-Aided view
of kno'vl**'1j5«» whloh tnif*-* t'> »*Ti>«ri*»n'^e alone ; frnn-
scendenfaliMm^ to the opp>fl'te extreme*, which lowii sight ,
of the relations which facts ani phenom'^na stistain to I
let, and bonoo to a kind of phlloaophj, or a vaa ol
- which ia Tagne, obaooro, fanUmo, or axtmv**
(trin-akrlbOt «• t [L. tnmseriUny
trans -f- seribere to write.] To write over
again, or hn the same words ; too<my.— TvaaHMrflKar, ».
Tran'Mtlpt (trIu'akrTpt), n. (L. transcripium.'} L
Sometuing transcribed ; wntten copy. 2. An imitation.
L. transeriptum.}
- 2. An iniitatii
1. A transcribing,
Tna-flOrtptlOO (-akrlp'shUn), n.
or copying. 2. A copy ; transcript.
Tnn^mpi (-s8pt), n. TPref. trans- + L. septum an
inoloaure.] The tranaveraal part of a church, which oroesea
the nave and choir at right angles.
TrailV-far' (trina-f^rO* V. I. [L. transferrt ; trans -f-
/erre to bear.] 1. Tb convey from one place or person
to another ; to tranqwrL 2. To make over the poeaes
aion or control of ; to give.
Syn. — To sell ; give ; alienate ; estrange ; aeqneater.
Tnmsfer (trins'lir), n. 1. A transferring, or being
transferred. 2. Conveyance of right or property from
one person to another. 3. That which ia transferred.
Tnuw-fafa-llle (trlns-lSr'i-b*! or -fer'4-b*l), a. 1.
Capable of being tranaferred. 2. Negotiable, aa a note,
etc., ttmt may bo conveyed from one to another by in-
dorsement, etc. [Written also transferrilie.'\
Tnms^for-M' (trtns^f&r-eo* »• One to whom a trana-
f er ia made. [ance ; passage ; transfer. I
Tniufar-CIIM (-^ns), n. A transferring; convey- 1
TraJU-fl|'n-nilMl (•flft'tt-ri'shfin), n. 1. A change
of form ; the supernatural change iu the peraonal stp-
pearance of our Savior on the mount. 2. A feast (August
6th) commemorating thia change.
'hwam-r - '^ - -
[L. transfiffurarSf
" 1. To ch
'orph
2. To change to something exalted and glorioua.
ng'Vn (-hg^r ; 40), v. I. _
-ratum ; trans -^ /Igurare to form, ahape.] 1. Tb'chauge
the appearance of ; to metamorphose ; to trauaf orm.
Trans-fli' (•flka'), v. t. [L. transfigere.^ -Jixum ; trans
■\-figere to fix, fasten.! To pierce through ; to Impale.
TnUM-fonn' (-fdrmOt v. t. [L. transformare^ •malum ;
trans ■+- forntare to form.] 1. To change the form of;
to metamorphose. 2. To change into another aubatance ;
to transmute. 3. To change in nature, heart, character,
etc ; to convert. 4. To change (an algebraic expression
or geometrical figiire) into another form without altering
ito value. — Tranrfor-Ilia'tlOII (-fSr-mi'shfin), n.
Trans-fos*' (-fux'). v. t. PL. trans/undere, -/usum ;
trans -j- fundere to pour.] L To po-nr (liquid) out of
one vessel into another. 2. To tranafer (blood) from
oneperson's veins or arteries to those of another. 3. To
instill. — Tnuu-fn'il-lile, a. — Tranv-tn'iloii, n.
Tnnv-greM' (•gr««'), r. /. [See Transorbssiom.] To
overpaas (a rule) ; to violate (a law, civil or moral).-*
V. i. To sin. — Tnuw-glMS'or (-3r), n.
Trans-gras'stoB (-gHUh^fin), n. [L. transgressio a
going over, transgresMion of the law, fr. transgredi,
-gressus, to go over ; trans •\- gradi to step, walk.] A
transgressing ; violation of a law of rectitude ; offense ;
crime; sin. [transgress; faulty; culpable. I
TraiUi-fres«lTe(-grS8Tv),a. Disposed or tending to |
TnUB-Mlip' (trSn-shTp'}, r. t. To transship.
Tian'fiant (trin'shcnt), a. [L. transiens^ -entis^ p. pr.
of transire^ -itum^ to go or pasa over.] 1. Passing be-
fore the sight or perception ; not permawmt, lasting, or
durable ; fleeting ; brief ; transitory. 2. Hasty ; imper-
fect ; brief. 3. Stnying for a short time ; not regnlar or
permanent. — Trail'al«llt-ly, adv. — TnUi'lleilt-llMS.n.
Tnmslt (trinsTt), n. [L. trnnsUus, fr. Irtmsire.}
1. A passing; passage through or over. 2. Convey-
ance. 3. A line or route of passage or conveyance.
4. {(f) Passage of a heavenly body over the meridian of a
place, or throii«rh the fleld of a telescope, (h) PaMage of
a srasUer body acroM the disk of a larger. 6. Instrmnent
re«»mhling a theodolite, une^ by surveyors and enprineers.
Tran-lltlOll (trSn-sTzh'fin), n. [L. transitio. See
fim, recent, 6rb, r^de, f^ Urn, ftfbd, f<n>t, out, oil, ehalr, (o, ainst iQk, then, thin.
TRANSITIONAL
590
TRAPAN
TtAmnvr.] Pauage from one pUoe or itate to another ;
ohange. — TflB-Si'tton-al (trin-sTah^On-al), a.
Tnu'll-ttV* (triii'iil-tlv), a. [L. iransitivus. See
TRAKSiBirr.] 1. Effected by traiisference of signitloation.
2. Piuaiug over to an object ; expreoing an action not
limited to the tubject, but requiring an object to complete
the MUM. — Tnui'll-ttT»-ly , adv.
Tmt'll-tO-ry (-tt-rj^ )» a. Continuing oatj for a abort
time ; deetiug ; evanescent. — Tian'll-tO-ri-liess, n.
TTUm-lMW (trXna-litOt v. t. [JLL. trandatare to
translate, transfer, L. trandattu, used as p. p. of trant-
ferre to transfer.] 1. To change to another condition,
position, etc. ; to transfer ; to remore as by death. 8.
To render into another language ; to interpret ; to explain
in other words. —TnuUhUtUII, m. — Tnnv-Uftr, n.
Tranv-Urtr-Ate (-Itt^r-it), v. /. [Pref. tran»- + L.
lUera^ liUera^ letter.] To express in the characters of
another alphabet.
TnuiS-la'oait (-IS's^nt), a. [L. trandueeni^ -centU^
p. pr. of trarulueert to shine through ; Iran* -f luctre to
shiue.] Transmitting rays of light without permitting
objects to be distinctly seen ; partially transparent. —
Tmw-lo'OMioo, Trans-la'OMi-cy, n.
Syn.— TRAVftLDCsirr : TRAKsrAmnrr.— A thing is trtau-
lucent when it merely admits thepMsaffe of light, without
enabling us to distinguish the color and outline of objects
through it ; it Is transparent when we can clearly discern
objects fdaced on the other side of it.
TrailS'llUi-llBf (-mi-rSn'), a. [L. troHtmarinus ;
trans -f- mariniu marine.] Being beyond the sea.
TnuuKml-gimtt (-mT-grit), v. i. [L. trantmiffrare,
•gratum ; trans -\- migrare to migrate. ] 1. To pass from
one country to another for residence ; to migrate. 2. To
pass from one body or condition into another. — TnilS'-
oil-gratkMi, ». — TnuBs'&il-gni'tcr, n. — Traiunnl-
gnut, a. & n.
TnuiS-mls'll-blt (-mTsi'sT-bn), a. Capable of behig
transmitted from one to another ; capable of being passed
through any substance.
Tra]l»-lllii'aleil(-raTsh^n),n. 1. A transmitting, or
being transmitted. 2. Legal right to transmit to one*s
successors any inheritance, legacy, right, priTilege, etc.
Tranc-mls'atve (•mTs'sTv), a. Capable of being trans-
mitted ; derired, or handed down, from one to another.
TnUM-mlt' (-mTf), r. /. [L. Iransmittere^ -mistvm ;
trans + mittere to send. ] 1. To pass over or through ; to
send from one person or place to Another. 2. To suffer to
pass through. — Tniiv-iiilttal (-t<7i), Trans-mlttaaoe
(•tmis), n. — TraBv-mincr, n. — Trans-Blt'tt-bU, o.
Tnav-milfa-llle (-mnt'4-b*I), a. Capable of being
transmuted or changed into something of a different form
or nature ; transformable. — TnuUhfllllt'a-llly • adv.
TnuUkmnte' (-muf), v. t. [L. transmtUare^ Saturn ;
trans -f mutare to change.] To change from one nature,
form, or subetinoe, into another. — TnuUkfllllf W, n. ~~
Trans'mn-U'tioii. u.
Tran'MMn (trln'sflm), n. [Prob. fr. L. tranttrum
crossbeam, fr. trans across.] 1. Crossbar in a window,
over a door, etc. 2. One of the transverse timbers of a
Ah:p*8 stem. 3. Crossbeams connect-
ing the fiide frames of a railroad trick.
Transom window, (a) A window divided
horisontally by atransom. (ft> A window
over a door, with a transom between.
Trana-piir'eii-cy (trSns-ptr'i^-«t]^),
n. 1. The being transparent. 2. That „--m__-^^.
which is transparent; picture on thin « « « T>«"««mt.
cloth, kImSi porcelain, etc. shown clearly by light aUnfaig
throuah it.
TraBa-var'eilt, a. [F., fr. LL. transparensy -rentis^
p. pr. of transparerf to be transparent ; L. trans -j- parere
to appear.] 1. Transmitting rays of light, so that bodies
can be distinctly seen through ; pervious to light: pellucid.
2. Open ; porous. — TnuiS-piu^MlMT, adv.
Syn. — Clear; lucid ; dlaphanoas. Bee TRAKSLiTCSirr.
l(trin-apTk'«>lis),a. CL.fmM0«Btr«
aiu-f-M>ecere,jpieere,tosee.] Ttaaa-
o the sight. [to penetnite. I
to look throiigh; trans -
parent ; penHous to tin _
TniW-ptaro«' (trins-p^an, r. f. To pierce through; I
TnUi'spl-iatlM (trln^spT-ri'shfin), n. 1. A tnsk-
spiring or excreting in the form of vi^wr; txhalatiim.
2. A passing of gaaes through fine tubes, porea, etc
Tna-spart' (-spirit t'* <• ['• trannirtri L. tntnM
4- Sfnrart to breathe.] 1. To pass oil in the fortn of
vapor or perspiratiim ; to exhsJe. 2. To eaeape from
secrecT ; to become puUic 3. To hamyen ; to occur. ^
V. /. To excrete through the akin ; to exhale ; to perspire.
Trans-pUltf (trlns-pllntOi r. /. [L. transplanktre ;
trans -f plantare to punt.] To remove, and plant iu
another place. — Traill'BlAII-tetlOB, n.
Tmw-poct' (trIns-portOt v- *' [L. trantportmrt ;
trans -\- portare to carry.] 1. To carnr from one plac«
to another; to remove; to convey. 2. To carry into
banishment ; to banish. 3. To carry away with vebe>
ment emotion, as Joy, sorrow, anger, etc.
TmuKpoit (trins'pSrtJ^ fi. [F.] 1. Transportatioo ;
carriage; conveyance. 2. Vessel employed for trsns-
porting. 3. Vehement emotion ; ecstasy ; rapture. 4. A
convict transported, or sentenced to exile.
TnUttTpor-Utlon (trina'ptr-a'shOn), n. A trans-
porting, or being tnuuported ; removal ; conveyance.
Tnns-porf W, n. One who transports.
Trans-pott'talC, a. That transporU ; raviching.
TniW-MM' (-pSsOt V' f> [P- transposer ; pref. tran^-
(L. trans) + poser to put. See Posk] 1. To chaise
the place or order of ; to substitute one for the other of.
2. To bring (a term of an algebraic equation) from one
idde over to the other, without destro^ng the equation.
3. To change the natural CHPder of (words, etcA 4. To
change the musical key of. — TnBS-p«i^ nVMKpt-
■Ptkn (-p^-zTshHin), n. — Tnms^po^PltaMa, a.
Tnns-allip' (-shlpOt «*- 1. To transfer from one ahip
or conveyance to another. [Written also frmUAtp.]
Tnui'B1lb-«t«B'ti«tt (trin'sllb-stin'shT-it ; 26), r. /.
[LL. transubstantiare^ -atum ; L. trans -f- substantia anb-
stance.] To change (the sacramental elements, bread
and wine) into the flesh and blood of Christ.
Tmi'rab-VUUI'tl-fttkni, «. 1. Change Into another
substance. 2. Roman CathoUe doctrine that the bread
and wine in the Mass is converted into the body and blood
of Christ ; — disting. f r. eonsnbstantiaticm.
Tnui-midt' (-tSaO* v. i. [Pref. trans- + L. mdart
to sweat.] To pass, as perspirable matter doea, throngh
pores or interstices of textures. — Tnn'SV-da^Son. f».
TniW-TtI'Md (trlns-v9r^sal), o. Ronntag or lying
across; transverse.— n. A straight line ttavetalug or
intersecting any system of other lines.
TniM-TtfM'(-v8iV),<i. [L. ^ranirerfrre, •verMfa», to
direct across ; trcms -f vertere to turn : cf . F. transverse.}
Lying across, or crosswise ; athwart. ^ n. 1. Anything
transverse or athwart. 2. The longer, or transverse, azfts
of an ellipse. — TniW-¥«Mly; odr.
Tnp (trSp), r. /. [Akin to OE. trappe trappings, park.
fr. an OF. word akin to E. drab doih.] To dreas wHh
omamenta; to adorn.
TniPt ». [Sw. trapp i akin to trappa staira.] An oU
term designating various dark-colored, heavy, igneona
rocks. Called also trap rock. — a. Pert, to trap rock.
Tnp, It. [AS. treppe ; probably from the root of B.
tramp^ as that which is trod upon.] 1. CootHvanca
that shuta suddenly, as with a spring, for taking ga
etc. 2. A snare; stratagem; device for catching
unawares. 3. A bend, sag, or partitioned chamber, in a
drain, soil pipe, sewer, etc., arranged to prevent passage
of air or gas, but to permit flow of liqoidB. 4. A wagoo,
or other vehicle. (CoUoq.} — r. f. 1. To catch fai a
trap. 2. Toinsnare; to take by stratagem. 3. To pro-
vide with a trap. ^ r. ^. To set traps for game.
Tim-pan' (tri-pln'), n. [OF. trappan.] A anare ;
S, 8, 1, S, O, long ; &, «, I, ft, «, t> •>«ort ; sanUte, «vent, tdea, 6bey, ttnita, oAia, Knn, Aak, tn, flaaL
TRAPANNER
691
TREAT
trepan.— r. /. To eaich by stntagem; to
. . to trenun. — Tn-panliar (fcr4-p«u'u8r), ».
Tny^Mt (trSp'dSr'), n. Lif tiiig or tUdiiif door cor.
mtxup
ering on openiog in a roof or floor.
Tn^deor ipldar, a large mider which
makee a neat conaistiug of a vertical ^
bole in the earth, f omiahed at the top ± 'J
with a hinged lid, like a trapdoor. ^ k
Txa-peie' (tr*-p5a'), n. [F. tra- ^ ^
phe.\ 1. A trapezium. 2. A swing- ^ ^
mg boriaontal bar, auapended at each ^'
end by a rope ; — used by gymnasts.
Trihpra-nm (-pS^zT-fim), n. [Gr.
rpair^tor little table, irregular four-
sided figure, dim. of rpcbrc^a t kble, for
Ttrparff^a ; Hrpa- four -j- we^a foot,
akin to irovv foot.] Oaometrical pl3u>e
figure bounded by four right lines, of
which no two are parallel.
trA^e-ma (tritp^soid), 11. [Or.
Tfiatr9<^9tUn9 trapesoid-shaped ; rpd-
«-«C# 4- •Hot shape.] Geometrical
plii^e four-sided figure, having two
parcel sides. — Trap't-Mld, Trap'-
e-nlA'al, a.
Tnp'par, n. One who traps ani-
male, esp. for their furs.
Tnp^plngB (-pTngs), n. pi. 1. That which serves to
traoi or adorn ; dress. 2. Ornaments to be put on horses.
Ttivm (trips), n. pi. Small or portable articles for
dress, furniture, or use ; goods; things. ICoUoq.]
Tnudl (trish), n. [Cf. Icel. trot rubbish, leaves, twigs
picked up for fuel, inusi slovenly fellow. ] 1. That which
IS worthless; rubbish; refuse. 2. Loppings of treea,
bruised sugar cane, etc. —Trailfy, a.
Trav-matlO (tr^mltmc), a. [Gr. rpavfiarucit, fr.
TpavfUL, rpavjutarof, a wound.] (a) Pert to wounds ; ap-
plied to wounds. (6) Adapted to cure wounds ; vulner-
ary, (r) Produced by wounds. — n. Traumatic medicine.
TraT'all (trSv^I ; 2), n. [P. ; prob. fr. LL. trepalium
place where criminals are tortured ; but perh. akin to
L. trabt a beam.! 1. Labor with pain ; severe exertion.
2. Parturition ; labor. ^ v. i. To be in labor.
Travel (-«1), v. i. [imp. & p. p. Tratblbd (-Bid) or
Tbavsixbo ; p. pr. A vb. n. TBAvmiro or Travslumo.]
[Prop., to UtK>r, same as travaU.I 1. To go on foot ; to
walk. 2* To pass in any manner to distant places ; to
journey. 3. To go ; to move. — v. t. To journey over ;
to traverse. -*». 1. A traveling; a journey. 2. pi. An
account, by a traveler, of occurrences during a journey.
3. The len^h of stroke of a reciprocating piece in a ma-
chine. — TraT'«2-«r, ». [Written also traveller.^
Traversa (-Jrs), a. [OF. Iraven^ L. trantversus, p.
&of traruvertere to turn across.] Lying across ; being
a direction across something else. ^^adv. Athwart ;
acroM ; crosswise, ^n. 1. Anjrthing th»t traverses, or
crosses, (a) Something that thwarts or obstructs, (b)
A b:uTler, sUding door, screen, curtain, etc. (o) Formal
denial^ some matter of fact alleged by the opposite
party in legal pleadings, (d) Zigzag course of a ship.
le) Line orosshig a geometrical figure or other lines. (/)
Line surveyed across a plot of ground.
Traverse Jwy. » jury tliat tries cases ; petit jury. — Trav-
srsesaUlag, a siiUng by compound courses ; method of
findmg the resnltm? course and distance from a series of
shorter courses and distances passed over by a sliip.
— p. I. 1. To lay in a cross ilirection ; to cross. 2. To
cross in opposition ; to thwart ; to obstruct. 3. To wan-
der over ; to cross In traveling. 4. To mirvey carefully.
6. Tb deny formally (what the opposite party has alleged
in legal proceedingn). — r. i. 1. To use the posture or
motions of opposition or counteraction, as in fencing.
2. To turn, as on a pivot ; to swivel. — TnT'ers-er, n.
— Tra¥'erMi-lile, a.
Trav'as-ty (-b-tj^), n. A burlesque translation or
imitation of a work.«t>. t. To translate, imitate, or
tent, so as to render ridiculous.
iwl (trawl), V. i. [OF. trauler; prob. of Teutonic
represent, so as to render ridiculous.
Timwl (trawl), V. i. [OF. trauler ;
origui. Cf. Tboll.] Totakeflsb, etc., with a trawl. — ».
tbe sea.!
[ at the
L Small
i. A fishing line, having many hooks attached to it, for
catching cod, halibut, etc. 2. A large bag net dragged
at the bottom of the sea, in iishing.
Timwl'ar, n. 1. One that trawls. 2. A fishhig ves-
sel wliich trails a net behind it. [bottom of the i
TrawPnot', n. A trawl, or bag net, dragged at
Tray ftri^, n. [AS. treg. Cf. Trough.] 1. I
tn < I L^^ 1 1 . < ; A Ku^J I" a vv^thl for domestic uses. 2. A waiter ;
sal V r r, 3 . S tijilJ ow bt.i ](. in a trunk, etc.. for small articles.
Tr6a£jll^flr-oa> (trJ*ch'8r-fis), a. [OP. tricheor Atr
cei^rrp trititur- bw Trrachert.1 Like a traitor ; in-
volviuic trisa^^li^ry ; vii^latins; allegiance or faith pledged;
beCriiyihg n triitnt. — TTMUUL'er-Olia-ly, adv.
SyTi.- Fiikyt^sa; perfidious; traitorous; false.
Troflch'or-y {$)n. [OE. & OF. trecheHe, tricherie^
fr. or. hj( A(>(% ^firt-Awr, tocheat, trick.] Violation of
aUugiatice or of faith and confidence ; perfidy ; treason.
nmi'da (trSnt'l), n. [OF. triacle, L. theriaea antidote
against bite of poisonous animals, Gr. 0i|ptfluni, ^'^ ^ptor
wild beast, dim. of 9^p beast.] . 1. In old medicine, a
remedy against poison. 2. English name for molasses.
3. A saccharine fluid, consisting of the inspissated juices
of vegetables, sap of the birch, sycamore, etc.
Tnad (triJd), V. i. [imp. Trod (trttd) ; p.p. Trod-
den (-d'u). Trod; p. pr. & vb. u. Trradino.J [A8. tre-
Jan.] 1. To set tite foot ; to step. 2. To go; to walk
with a fitately or cautious step. — t*. i. 1. To step or
walk on. 2. To beat or press with the feet. 3. To
crush under the foot ; to trample ; to subdue. 4- To
copulate with ; — said of the nude bird. — n. 1. A step
or stepping ; pressure with the foot ; footstep. 2. Ac-
tion ; gait. 3. Copulation in birds. 4. Horizontal part
of a step, on which the foot is placed. 6. (a) The part
of a wheel that bears upon the road or rail. (6) Part of
a rail upon which car wheels bear. «— Traad'ar, n.
Trea'dl6(tr«dn),n. [as. /rede/.] The part of afoot
lathe, or other machine, pressed or moved by the foot.
TreadlnUl' (-mTl), n. A mill worked by persona
(usually convicts) treading upon steps on the periphery
of a wheel turning under their weight ; mill worked by
horses, dogs, etc., treading an endless belt.
Traa'aon (trS'z'n), n. [OF. tmison, L. traditio a de-
livering up, fr. tradere to give up, betray.] 1. An
attempting to overthrow one's own government, or to be-
tray the state to a foreign power ; dir loyalty ; treachery.
2. Betrayal of any trust or confidence ; perfidy.
Traa'aom-a-llla, a. Pert, to, or consisting of, trea-
son ; involving treason, or partaking of it9 guilt — Trta'-
WMi-a-lila-nesa, n. — Traa'aon-a-Uy. ndr.
Syn. —Treacherous ; traitorous ; perfidious ; insidious.
Treaa^nra (trBzh'ttr ; 40), n. [F. trhor, L. thesaurus.
Or. ^<ravpdc store laid up, treasure, prob. fr. root of
riBiva*. to put, place.] JL Wealth accumulated. 2.
Abundance. 3. Tiling much valued. — v. t. To collect
(money or valuables) for future use ; to hoard.
Traas'nr-flr, n. One in charge of a treasure or
treasury ; officer who receives public money from taxes,
duties, etc., and disburses it upon orders made by the
proper authority ; one in charge of collected funds.
Treaa'nra-trova' (-trSV), n. [ Treasure -f- OF. trorfy
§. p. of trover to find.] Money, bullion, etc., found hid-
en, the owner of which i i not* known.
Treaa'nr-y (-fir-y), n. l. Place where stores of
wealth are deposited ; place wheru public revenues are
kept, and money disbursed to defray expenoeH of gnvem-
raent ; place of deposit nf any collected fimds. 2. De-
partment of a government in chanre of the finanren. 3.
A Rtorehouse. 4. Book co itaining much valuable know-
ledire, wisdom, wit, etc. ; theAannm.
Traat (tret), r. /. [OF. traitier, fr. L. tractare to
f irn, recent, Orb, r^de, f yil, Qru, food, lo'uh «. u^ uU, cliair, c »t ^'^fSi ifik, then, ililn.
TKEATteB
692
tRlANGLE
draw violently, maaitn, trMt, y. Inteni. tt. tmhert^
traciumt to dmw. 1 1. To huidle ; to tue ; to bear otie's
■elf toward. 2. To diacourae ou : to liaudle in writiug
or tpeakiug. 3. To eutertaltt with food or drink, as au
expiVHioa of friendahlp. 4. To care for mediciually or
•unfcaUy ; lo manage (a diaeaae, woundf or patleut).
6. To apply something to. •^r. <. 1. To discourae. t.
To negottate. S. To give a gn^tuitoua entertainment. ^
n. I. An entertainment given. 2. That which afforda
gratiUcaUon ; ntiaf action. — Troat'ar, n.
Troatls* (triKtTe), n. [OF. IreilU weU made. Bee
TftiAT.1 A written compoaitiou on a given subject
TrilirBMttt (trCf mcnt), n. Act or manner of treats
ing; management; manipulation; handling; usage.
TtUftf (tr«ny), It. [F. traits, LL. traetotut. Bee
TftftAT.] 1. A ttvatiug for adjustment of differences, aa
for forming an agreement ; negotiation. S. Agreement
so made ; league between nations or sovereigns.
rt^hU (tr«b"n,<i. [OF. ; L. triplut. Bee TiirtB.]
1. Threefold ; triple. S. {a) Acute ; sharp. (6) PUying
or sbiging the highest musical part. •• n. The highest of
the four prlnci|MU parts in music ; .v>prano. ■* v. t. &i.
Tqjncrease threef oil . — Tn1M7t ad v.
► (tr8), «. [AS. treS, tre6t \ tre«, wood ; akin to
Or. ipvt tree, oak, 66pv a beam, spear.] 1. A perennial
woody plant of considerable site and growing with a sin-
gle trunk. 2. A piece of timber, or something made of
timber. «> r. f. i. ^ drive to, or up, a tree. 2. To
Ht with, or stretch upon, a tree.
Tree iTeg, Tree toad, an amphibian related to common
frogs and toads, but having the tips of the toes expanded
Into suckers for clinging to the bark and leaves of trees.
TTM'Aall' (trS'uIl' ; commonly tr&n'uO), n. Long
wooden pin used in fastening planks of a vessel to the
timbers or to each other. [Written also trwHaU, trunnel.]
TrafoU (trTfoU), n. [h. tre* three -|- IRJoii leaf ; cf .
L. M/otiufH.'\ 1. Any plant of the genus 7W/v/itim, in-
cluding white clover, red clover, etc 2. An ornamental
architectural folUtion consist-
ing of three divisions, or foils.
Jririiiattt (trontj; 2). %,
{T. trHllape.} Latticework to
■upport vines, etc. ; espalier ; -w_--.. -
trellis. . I-" » Trtfotls.!.
TrtiaUl(tr«inTs),f». [F. ^reif/it, fr. <r«tf/« vine arbor,
fr. L. Iriehita bower, summer house.] Frame of lat-
ticework, for screens, supporting plants, etc.
Trtm'a-tOd* (trim'i-tOd), i». OneoftheTrematodea.
Also adjectivply.
II TlMB'A-to'a^-a (-tydt-A). n. pi. [NL., fr. Or. rpih
liatwAi^ having holes, from rpriua, tpi^/iiatoc, hole.] Au
order of parasftic worms, found in the internal cavities
of animau, and on the gills and skin of fishes, and
times on man. -^ TtMirA-tOlld (trSm'4-toid), a.
_ (trim'bn), r. I. [F. /rmWer, f r. L. frpmw-
Ihm trembling, fr. trtmert to shake, tremble.] 1. To
shike involuntarily, as with fear, cold, or weaknees ; to
quake ; to quiver ; to shudder ; to totter ; to shnke. 2.
To quaver or shake, as sound ; to be tremulous. — fi. An
involuntary shaking or quivering. — TttOinUtr, »i.
■pf^OIMi'dOVS (trt-roen'dti.n), a. [L» tremfttdtui fear-
ful, fr. m»m<fv.] Fitted to excite terror ; dr«*adful.
Hjn, - Terrible : frightful ; terrific ; horrible ; awhil.
Trt^or (trl^mOr or trilm'Sr), n. [L., fr. tremor.]
A trembling ; a shiverins ; quivering or vibratory motion.
Trtm^-lOlUI (trSm^-ins), o. [L. tremftltUj fr. trt-
iMTe.l 1. Bhaklng ; shivering ; quivering. 2. AfTecfc<Kl
with fear or timidity; trembling. ~ TMl'tt-ltftti-ly,
odr. — Trsm'v-loas-iiegs, n.
TitBOll (triJnch), r. /. [OF. frmcA/^ tocut.] 1. To
cut ; to shape by cutting. 2. To fortify by cutting a
ditch, and raising a rampart; to intrench. 3. To cut
furrows or ditches in. — v. i. To encroach ; to intrench.
M>ii. 1. Long, narrow cut in the earth ; ditch.
TrVMhlBt (trikieh'ont), a. [OF. Irmekanl, ^ pr.
See TaaacH. 1 1. Fitted to tretioh or cut { euttiug \ sterp^
2. Keen; biting; severe.
Tnaoll'or, n. l. Oue who treuebes or dig* dltchea.
2. A large wooden platter. 3. The table ; food.
TliM (ttfod), t. t. [AS. trendel a drcle, ring.] tV>
have a narticular direction i to nw ; to stretch ; toteikd.
« M. iDcUuation in a particular diractMo ; tendency.
Tr»-9«B' (trtpinOt^M. [F. trSpoiL, fr. Or. TpvMMr
auger, trepan, fr. rpvrar to bore, rpvva a hole.] L 8iu>
geon*s crown-saw or cylindrical saw for perforating the
skull, turned like a bit or gimlet. 2. Mlncr^s broad
ehisel for sinking shafts. ^t.LAi, To perforate (the
skull) with a trepan, removing part of the booc. Urns
relieving tlie brain from presrure.
Tl»-|^B',fi. [BeeTsAPAK.l I. A snare ; trapan. 2.
Deceiver ; cheat. ^ r. t. To insuare ; to trapan.
TM-pftkg' (-l^ing'). ». [Malay /rfpony.] The b^U
de mer, dried and used as food in Ohma ; sea encumber ;
■ea slug. [Written also tripang. ]
Tlt^pImM' (trt-fin' or -iin'), n. (Dim. of frma.]
An Improved trepan, a cylindrical saw, operated like a
gimlet. •>» V. I. To perforate with a trephhM ; to trepan.
Trtp't-dt'tlMI (trSp^-da^shOn), n. [X. trtpidmtio^ fr.
trtpidare to tremble, f r. trepidut agitated, alarmed ; akin
to Or. fpntw to turn, S. toriur€J\ L Involuntary trem-
bling ; quaking ; quivering. 2. Fear ; conf uaioa ; fright.
Trwi'9tM(trSs'pas),r.<. [OF. f reiiwMer to go across
or over, transgress ; pref . trts- (L. IranM across) 4- passer
to pass.] 1. TO commit a trespass ; to enter unlawf ulJjr
upon another*s land. 2. To go too far ; to intnide. 3.
T^ annoy another ; to trancgresa any divine law or duly ;
toain. — n. 1. Offente done to another. 2. ToluntaxY
transgression of the moral law, or of duty ; sin. 3. (e)
An unlawful act violently oommitt«d on the peraoo,
Eroperty, or rights of another. (6) Legal act£M for
ijuries accompanied with force. - Trmi'lrtll fT. n.
Trtlg (trSs), n. [OF. /mw, fr. Or. vp^a threefold, a
tress being usually formed by interlacing three pieoM ;
akhn to Tpctc three.] A braid, knot, or curl, of hair.
TMOU (trih/n), 11. [OF. tr$*tei; nrob. fr. h. /rtm*-
tillum, dim. of trenstrum croasbeam.] [Written alao
trtutl.l 1. A movable support for anything ; eoalfold-
Ing ; framework mpporting a bridge, track of a railway,
etc. 2. Frame of a table.
Tnttto-work' (^wQrkO, ». Viadaot, pier, scaffoU,
etc., resting on connected trestles.
Tnt (tret), ». [F. troUe a drawing, trading, tax on
wares In tranait, fr. OF. trairt to draw, L. tmkfrr.'X Al-
lowance to purchasers, for waste or refute matter fai
commodities, after tare is deducted.
TraV'et (tr«\^t). n. Trivet ; three-legged stool.
Tt*7 (tra)t n- [OF. trtU three, L. Ires.] Three ; a
oard, die, or domino of three spots or pips.
Tri'Ad (trild), n. [Or. vpUc, *^lot, fr. tp^U three.]
A union of three ; three obiects treated as one ; trinity.
TrfaK-aDtN. 1. A trying or testing in any i
proof. 2. A being tried or tempted ; expoanre to suffer-
ing that teste strength, patience, faith, etc 8. That
which tries or afflicts ; that which tempts to evlL 4.
Legal examination in a cause before a trflmnaL
Byn. — Btfoft : experiment ; essay. Be* Tbit. AmMrr.
Tll'an'gld C-ftfi'g'l), n. [L. IHananlum ; tri- (prefix)
•f angulut angle.] 1. A geometrical Bgun bonaided Igr
Trisnalcs.
1 Eqiiiliit^rsl THancle t S Iivwc^leo Tri«ncl« i ^ ]U|rl<t-«nr1cd
Trisnpip i 4 Ohtiiii«>-inirM TH<inirl« i h Seslem Trlaagk.
1. 1 and a, are alto Aoitt^ngled Tiianxle*.
S, B, t, 8, il, kmg ; ft, 6, l« •« «, t, aSiort t sMilUe, dvent, tdea, 6bey, ttnite, cAfw« Mnn^ Aak, nn, fla«L
TRIANGLED
593
TRIGLYPH
tlir«e Unas, aod oooUining three angles. 2. Musical in-
strumeut of percussion, usually made of a rod of steel,
bent into tbe form of a triangle, and sounded by being
atruck with a small rod.
ttVMn'gM (triiu'gMd), Tri-an'cQ-lar (-Xn'g«.i8r),
a. H »vlng three angles ; having the turin uf a triangle.
Tri-aa'CQ-UU (-15t), v. t. 1. To divide into trian-
gles ; to survey (land) by means of a series of triangles
properly laid down and measured. 2. To make three-
cornered. — Tri-an^cQ-la'tloa, n.
TrttKal (trib'al), a. Pert, to a tribe or tribes.
TrilM (trib), n. [L. tribus^ orig., a third part of tbe
R)man people, afterwards, a divijiou of the people,
tribe.] X. A family or race descending from the same
prweuitor. 2. A division, cl iss, or didUuct portion.
nUiraOh (trl'brSk), n. [Qr. rpi/Spaxvc consisting of
three short syllables ; rftt- three, tlirice -f- fipaxvs short.]
A poetic foot of three short syllables.
Tta^U-WtUm (trlb'tt-li'shttn), n. [F. ; L. tribulatio,
tr. tribulare to press, afflict, f r. tribulum thrashing sledge,
terere^ IrUum, to rub. See Tbitk.1 That which occa-
^ns distress or vexation ; severe ainiction.
Trl-bO'aal (trt-bu'ual), n. [L. , f r. tribuntu tribune.]
1. Saat of a iudse. 2. A court or forum.
TxUKUM (trTt/un), n. [L. Iribnnwi, prop., chief of a
tribe, fr. ^HfrtM tribe.] 1. An ancient Roman magistrate
chosen by the people, to protect them from the patri-
cians, or nobles. 2. Banch from which speeches were
delivered. — TrU/IUie-Blllp, n.
TrOKa-ta-ry (-tt-tS-rj^), a. 1. Paying tribute to an-
other. 2. Subject ; inferior. 3. Paid in tribute. 4.
Yielding supplies of any kind ; contributhig. — n. 1. A
ruler or state that pays tribute to a conquering power.
2. A stream flowing into a larger river or a lake.
TrtlKVtA (-At), n. [L. tributum. It. Mbuere, tributum.
to bestow, pifty, assign (orig., to a tribe) fr. tribtu tribe.]
1. Stated payment from one ruler or nation to another,
as acknowledgment of submission, or as price of peace
and protection, or by virtue of some treaty. 2. Personal
contribution, as of money, praise, service, etc.
Syn. — Bee StrssiDT.
Trloo (tria), V. I. [OE. trUen ; of Bcand. or Low Ger-
man origin.] To haul and tie up by means of a rope.
TrlM, a. [Sp. tris noise made by breaking glass, an
instant.] A ve^ short time ; instant ; niomuut.
Txi^ma^nk-Ml (trt-sBn'nT-al), a. [L. IHceimium thirty
years; triginta thirty -(- anmu year.] Pert, to, or con-
sisting of, 30 years ; occurring once in every 30 years.
U Tll-Ohrna (trT-ki'nA), n. ; pi. Trichina (-u5). [NL.,
fr. Or. Tpt'xu'Of hairy, fr. OpC^, Tpt;(Of , hair.]
Small worm which, in tbe larval state, is
parasitic in the voluntary muscles of man,
the bog, and many other animals. Their
presence in the muscles and intestines
produces trichinosis.
D TrlOll'i-llO'llS (trTk'T-nS'ATs), [I Trioh'-
l-nl'ft-BlS (-nl'A-als), n. [NL.1 Disease
produced by presence of trichinae in the mus-
cles and intestinal tract, frequently f.ital.
Trtdt^-BOlia (trTkT-ntts or trT-kl'ntU),
o. Pert, to triohiujB or trichinosis; affected
with trlchin».
Trlok (trTk), n. [D. trek a pull, drawing,
trick, irekken to draw.] 1. An
artifice ; canning contrivance ; sly
procedure. 2. Ingenious procedure
fitted to poxsle or amuse. 3. Mis-
chieTQut Deharior ; pruik. 4. Pe-
culUurity ; trait. B. Whole number
of cards played in one round, and consisting of as many
cards aa there are players, — v. /. 1. To deceive hy
cunning or artifice ; to impow on ; to cheat. 2. To
dress ; to set off ; tn ndom fantastically. [fmnd. I
Tikikfn-J (trTk'Sr-j^), u. A dressing np ; artifice ; |
Trichina (7Wc*iiia
Mtiimli*^. The Larval
Worm m the ency Hi-
ed Htnte imbedded
in Hii'itan Muscle.
.Much enlarged.
Tlloklah (trTk^sh), a. Given to tricks ; artful in
bart^aiuiug ; knavlsli. — Tllek'lall-ly, adv.
Trto^e (trlk'kU), V. i. [AS. ^rican.] To flow in a
small, senile stream ; to run in drops.
Trlok'ster, u. One wlio tricks ; deceiver ; oheat.
Tllok'sy (- y), a. Exliibiting artfulness ; trickish.
Triok'y (-j^) ". Given to tricks ; trickish ; knavish.
Trfool'or (ui'kai'gr), n. [F. tricolare, drapeau tri-
colore tricoiored flag, f r. tri- -f L. color color.] [Written
also tricolour.^ The national French banner, of three
colors, blue, white, and red.
II Tri'OOt' (tr^'k^O, n. [F.] A fabric of woolen, silk,
or cotton knitted, or woven to resemble kiuttod work.
Tri-OQS'plll (trt-kttypTd), o. [L. tricuspis^
'pidu; tri- -f- etupi* a pomt.] Ha *
cuspe, or points.
Woy-CJto (tri'sl-k'l), n. [Pref. fr<.-. ,
as in bicycle.] A three-wheeled velocipede.
Tri'dent (-dent), n. [L. trideru, -dentU ; i
-\- den* tooth.] 1. Scepter or spear with t'
prongs, — the attribute of Neptune, fl
three-pronged flsh spear. — a. Having three thh".**
teetli or prongs ; tridentate. xnuwn.
Tri-dmOate (,^>;^:JSi|,'5^t)f ) a.^^Having three teeth;
having three \1 f
. tri. + cycle I
docipede. I
,-dentu;trU I
\r with three I
une. 2. A |
Tri-den'U-tod (tt-tfid),
three-toothed.
Triad (trid), imp. A. p. p. of Trt. Also w^. i
Proved ; tested ; faithful ; trustworthy. I
Trt-enlU-al (trt-Su'uT-al). a, [L. triauiium
space of three years ; tri- -f- annus year.] 1.
Continuing three years. 2. Happening or ap-
pearing once in every three years. «>n. Some-
thing which takes place once In three years. —
Txl-oii'iil-al-ly, adv.
Tri'or (-3r), «. One who tries.
d(-fTd),«. '
Tri'fid (-fra), «. [L./r,>ldt«;|r<..f rootRi5?nSSr.
ot Jindere to split.] Gleit to the middle
into tiiree parts ; three-cleft.
Tri'flo (triTl), n. rOF. tn^U
lockery, raillery, trifle.] 1. Thing
of little value ; paltry atfair. 2. A
Trifld Leaves.
dlshcomposed ox sweetmeats, fruits,
cake, wine, etc., with syllabub
poured over it — r. i. To act or
talk without seriousness or dignitv ;
to indulge in trivial amusements.
— r. t. To spend in vanity; to
waste. ~ Trl'fler (-fl8r), n.
TrifUnf , a. Being of small
value ; trivial. — TllfllllS-ly, adv.
Tri-foOi-ftte (-fWT-it), I o. iTri- + foliate. I Har-
Trl-fo^a'ted (-a't^), ( ing three leaves or leaflets.
Tri-foai-O-UtO {'ti -Itt), a. Having three leaflets.
II Trt-foOl-nm (-f5'lT-ttm), n. [L., clover J A genna
of leguminous herbs witti densely spiked flowers and
usually trifoliate leaves; trefoil; clover.
Trlfomi (tri'f6rm), a. [L. triformis ; tri- -\- forma
form.] Having a triple form or character.
Trig (trig), n. [Formerly written trick, akin to trick
to dress.] Full ; also, trim ; neat.
Trig, r. t. [See Tbioobr.] To stop (a wheel) by
placing something under it; to scotch; to skid.— n.
Stone, block of wood, etc., placed under a wheel or bar-
rel to prevent motion ; a scotch ; skid.
Trig'ger (trTg'RSr), n. [For older trirker, fr. D.
tr^kker^ fr. trekken to draw, pull. See Trick.] 1,
Catch to hold a carriage wheel on a declivity. 2. Piece,
as a lever, connected with a catch or detent as a means
of releasing It ; part of a gim lock moved by the flnger
to roleaae the cock and discharge the ple^^.
Tri«nr llsh, lanre food flsh of the Routhem coast of tbe
United States. Its rough skin is used as sandpaper.
Trl'glyph (tri'iflTf ), n. [Gr. rpiyAv^ ; rpt- + yAv^u»
to carve. J Architectural ornament in the frieze of the
Doric order, repeated at eqiml intervaJs.
fSm, recent, Orb, r^de, f ^11, Qm, food, fo'bt, out, oil, chafar, go, ains, ink, than, tliia.
88 —
TWGON
594
TRIPLET
Trl'COn (tri'gSu), n. [Gr. rpiywfov ; rpi- f ymvia
coruer, mogle.] A figure of thn»e mogle« ; triaugie. —
Trig'0-Bal (trlg^-nal), a.
Tng^o-nom'e-try (trlg'*-n5ni'«-try), n, [Gr. tp»>*-
vov triangle -f- -metry.'} 1. Science of the relatioua uf
■ides and angles of triangles, also of tlie relations between
trigonometncal functions of a.cs or angles. 2. Treatise
onthis science. —Tric'O-no-nMflloC-uS-uiet'rTk), Trif'-
o-BO-nMfMo-aL a. — Tric'o-no-iiMfrto-al-ly, adr.
Tlfgnph (tri'grif ), n. [Pref . M- -f -graph.'] Three
letters representing but one sound or one syUabfe.
Tri-hf dnm (trf-hS'drSn), n. [Pref. tn- + Gr. !6pa
soatf base.] Geometrical figure baviug three aides. —
Trl-ht'dral (-dral), a. [Written also triedral.}
TTl|1l-fAtO (triyft^tt or trl'jfl.), TxtJ^-fOIUI (-gtts),
a. lu three pairs ; as, a trijugate leaf.
Trl-Ur«r-al (trt-llfgr-al), a. [L. trUattrus; tri- +
iatiUf lateritf aide.} Having three sides; three-sided.
Trt-Ut'er-al (-llt'8r-«l), a. [Pref. tri- -f- laeral.}
Consisting of three letters. «■ n. A triiiteral word.
Trill (trTI), V. t, [Cf. Bw. IHUa to roU, Icel. Pyrla to
whirL] To flow in a snudl stream ; to trickle.
TrfUf V, L [It. trUlart ; prob. imitative.] To impart
the quality of a trill to ; to utter as, or with, a trill. »
V. i. To utter trills ; to play or sing in tremulous vibra-
tions of sound; to quaver. —n. 1. A sound, of conso-
nantal character, made witli a rapid succession of partial
or entire iutermissionH, by the vibration of some part of
the organs in the mouth, against another part. 2. Ac-
tion of the organs in producing suoli sounds. 3. Quaver
of the voice in singing, or of the Rouud of an instrument.
Tril'iloa (trXl'yfiu), n. [F. trillion, fr. tlie pref. tH-
in imitation of million.} By French (and American)
notation, the fourth power of a thousand, or a unit with
12 ciphers annexed ; by English notation, the third power
of a million, or a unit with 18 ciphers annexed.
Tri-loHMlto (trt-15a>U or trild-), o. Havbig three
lobes.
Triao-Utt (-bit), n. An arthropod
common in the Silurian and Devonian
periods, but extinct since the Paleozoic.
DO named from the three lobes on each
segment.
Tri-lOO^-Ur (ta^.l5k'M8r), fl. [Pref. -.^iini-f. i^.f
tri^ + loadar.} Having thri cellii Tnlol«te Leaf.
Trim (trTm), v. t. [AS. trymian to prepare, make
strong, fr. trum firm.] 1. To make trim, right, neat,
or ^Msing ; to adjust. 2. To dress, adorn, or embellish.
3. To make right by cutting ; to clip or lop ; to curtail.
4. To dress (timber); to smooth. 6. (a) To adjust (a
ship) by arranging the car^o, or disp<M4ng the weight
of persons or goods, so that she shall sit well on the
water. (6) To arrange for sailing. «> r. t. To balance ;
to fiuctuate between parties, so as to appear to favor
each. «>n. 1. Dress; ornaments. 2. Order; condition.
3. State of a ship or her cargo, ballast, masts, etc.,
fitting her for sailing. «> a. Fitly adjusted ; ready for
usp ; firm : compact ; snug ; neat. — Trimly, adr.
Txlm'e-tMr (trImt-tSr), a. [Or. rpCiAtrpoK ; rpt- +
fitTftov measure.] Consisting of three poetical measures.
— ». A poetical division of verse, consisting of three
measures. — Tri-OMfriO-al (trt-mSfrT-kal), a.
Trim'ttlMr, n. 1. One wlio trims, fits, or ornaments.
2. One who avoids extreme opinions in politics, etc. ; one
who fiuctuates between parties, so as to appear to favor
earh ; a tlmeserver. 3. Instrument for trimmini?.
TxlmllllllS, n. 1. Art of one who trims. 2. Tliat
which serves to trim, adjust, ornament, etc. : append-
ajrf^ of a garment ; concomitants of a dish ; relish.
Trim'IIMS, n. A being trim ; snugness; neatness.
Tri'nil (tri'nol), «. [L. trinuji triple, trini three
es'-h, fr. trfjt, tria, three.] Threefold.
Trine (trin), o. Threefold; triple. — n. Aspect of
planets distant apart ^2(^^ or one third of the zodiac.
Trin'l-ta'M-aB (trTn'T-ti'rT^n), a. Pttrt. to the Trin-
ity, doctrine of the Trinity, or believers In that doctrine.
«> n. Believer in the doctrine of the Trinity.
Trin^i-tm^-An-lOB, n. Doctrine of the TrfaiitY.
Trtnl-ty (-tj^), n, [L. trinUas, fr. trini three each.]
1. The union of three persons (Father, S<»i, and Holy
Ghost) in one Godhead. 2. Any union of three in one.
Trinlnt (trTu'ket). n. [OE. trmket knife, toy knife
worn as an ornament ; prob. fr. OF. form of trenchier to
cut.] 1. A knife ; cuttuig tool. 2. Small ornament, a«
a iewel, ring, etc 3. Thing of littie value ; trifle ; toy.
Tri-no'klll-al (trt-nS'mT-al), n. [Pref. tri- -|- -^ominl
aa in binomial. \ Mathematical quantity consisting of
three terms, connected by the sign -f or — . «■ a. Con-
sisting of three terms ; pert, to trinomials.
Tri'O (tri'^ or ttVt), n. [It., fr. L. tret, (ria^ three.]
1. Three, considered collectively; three in company;
set of three. 2. A musical composition for three part*.
Trip (trip), V. i. [Akin to D. trippen, E. tramp.] 1.
To move with light, quick steps ; to skip. 2. To make
a brief journey. 3. To take a quick, or false, step ; to
catch the foot ; to stumble. 4. To offend against moral-
ity, propriety, or rule ; to err ; to fail. — • r. 1. 1. To
cause to stumble, take a false step, or fall ; to throw off
the balance ; to supplant. 2. To obstruct ; to cause to
fail. 3. (a) To raiae (an anchor) from the bott<nn, so that
it hangs free. (6) To pull (a yard) into a peipendicuUr
position for lowering it. 4. To release, let ull, or set
free (a weight or compressed spring) as by reraoring a
latch or detent. «> n. 1. A quick, light step ; akip. 2.
Brief journey ; excursion ; jaunt. 3. False step ; stum-
ble ; misstep ; error ; mistake. 4. Stroke, or catch, by
which a wrestler causes his antagonist to loae footing.
Tri'pUt'Od (tri'tiirt/M), a. [Pref. frt- -f pftrted.]
Divided nearly to the base into three
s^nnents or lobes.
Trip'ar-tlt0 (trTp'4r-tit or trt-pUr'-
tit),o. [h. tripartiitu ; tri- •\- partitti*,
p. p. of partiri to part, divide. J 1. Di-
vided into three parts; triparted. 2.
Tripsrted I>csf.
Having three corresponding parts or
copies. 3. Made between three parties.
Trip'ar-titlOll (-tTshlin), n. A division by threes, or
into three parts ; the taking a third part of anything.
Tripe (trip), n. [F.l 1. Large stomach of ruminating
animals, prepared for food. 2. The entrails.
Trip'eHflal (trryt-dff 1), a. [L. tripedali* ; tri- + pf*.
pedis, a foot.] Having three feet. [perwrns.!
Tri-per'MD-al (trt-pSr'etirwil), a. Consisting of three |
Tri-per'»on-tl^-ty(-nnr.ty),»^ The existing as three
persons in one Godhead ; trinity.
Tri-pef al-<me (-pSt'al-fis), a. Having three petals.
Trip' bam^mer {trX^ hlm^mSr). A tot hammer.
Triph'tkonc (trTfthSng or trip'-), «. fPref. tri- A-
-phthong, as in diphthong.] Combination of three vowel
sounds in one syllable, forming a aimple or oompoand
sound ; union of three vowel characters, representing a
single sound ; trigraph.— Triph-tbOll'cal (-thSn'gal), a.
Tri-pin'liate Ctrt-pln'ntt), a. [Pref. . ^ .
tri- -\- pinnate.] Having biplnnate leaf- i^^JJ^f^x '
lets arranged on each side of a rhachis.
Tri^pinnan-fid (nlt'T-fTd), a.
[Pref. tri- -{- pinnatifid.] Thrice pin- ,
nately cleft ; — said of a pinnatifid leaf \
when its segments are pinnatifid, and the \
sulidivisions of these also are pinnatifid.
Tri'^ (trTp'*l), a. [L. triplu*; tri- ^
+ -plus, as in dnplu* double.] 1. Con- ^^
iti««ting of three united ; threefold. 2.
Three times repeated ; treble.— r. /. To
make threefold ; to treble.
Triplet (trTpaSt), n. 1. A collection Xripinnsts Lsat
of three of a kind ; tliree united. 2. Three
verses rhyming together. 3. Group of three musical
R, 8, 1, », a, long ; ft, C, 1, 5, tt, ^, short i sen&te, ivent, tdea, 6bey, ttnite, cAre, lirm, ask, nil, finoL
TRIPLICATE
695
TROMP
Bg or pUyed in the time of two. 4. pt. Three
children or offspring bom »t one birth.
TripOI-oatO (trTp'lT-kit), a. [L. lripliear§, -catum,
to triple, treble ; tri- -j- pltcare to fold.l Hade thrice oa
much ; threefold ; tripled. «■ n. A third thing corre-
■ponding to two others of the same khid. — TrlpH-oa'-
tloilf n. [threefold ; trebleness. I
Tri-^Uo^tf (trt-plTs^-tj^), n. The being triple, or|
Tri'pod (trt'iMki), n. [L. tripus^ -podis^ Or. rpiVovs ;
ipi' -j- irovf, irooo«, foot.] 1. Utensil or vessel supported
on three feet. 2. Three-legged frame for supporting a
theodolite, coroposs, telescope, camera, etc.
Trlp'O-li (trT|/ft-lT), n. Earthy substance, originally
brought from Tripoli, for polishing stones and metals.
TlU'pcr (trti/pSr), n. 1. One who tripe or supplants ;
one who trips nimbly ; dancer. 2. An excursionist.
Trip^plng, a. Nimble ; steppinff lightly and quickly.
— ». 1. Act of one that trips. 2. A light datioe. 3.
The loosing an anchor from the ground by means of its
cable or buoy rope. — Trlp'plllC-ly, adv.
TrlplOte (-tot), i». [Or. rptirrwnK with three cases ;
rpi- -f- wrJriK falUng, fr. nVrctv to fall.] A noun bar-
ing three cases only.
Trl'lntllM (tri'rjm), n. [L. triremit ; tri- -f remus oar.]
Ancient galley or vessel with three banks, or tiers, of oars.
TrI-MOf (-s»kf ), V. t. [Pref. iri- -\- L. semre, sectum,
to cot.] To cut into three parts, or divide into three
equal parts. — Trt-MOHon (-sfik'shOn), n.
Trl-seot'td, a. Divided into three parts or segments
by incisions extending to the midrib or
to the base ; — said of leaves. .
Tri-M^^al-OIUI (-rfp'al-Bs), a. Hav-
ing three sejials, or calyx leaves.
Trt-sylla-We (trls-sTl'lA-b'l or trls'-
■Tl'-), n. A word consisthig of three syl-
Ubles.-Trto'yl-Ub^(trW8Tl.l«bnrk), ^ ^, ,
TriS'yl-UVlO-al, a. Trisected Leaf.
Tllto (trit), a. [L. terere^ tritum^ to rub, wear out]
Worn out ; so common as to have lost novelty and inter-
est ; hackneyed. — Tllttly, adv. — Tllte^MS, n.
Tri'thtlsm (tritht-Ts*m), n. [Pref. tH- -f Or. $e6i
Ood.] Doctrine that the Father, Sou, and Holy Spirit
are three distinct Oods. — Trithe-lst, n. — Tll'tlld-ll'-
tlo (•Ts'tTk), Trf tlid-li'tlo-al, a.
II Mton (-tSn), n. [Or. TptTMK] 1. A sea demigod,
•on of Poeeiaon imd Amphitrite, and trumpeter of Posei-
don, with the body of a man. and lower parts of a fish.
9. A marine gastropod having a stout spiral shell ;
trumpet shell ; sea trumpet. 3. An aquatic salamander.
Trffn-nita (trit'd-rit ; 40), V. t. [L. trihtrare, -ratum,
to thrash (grain), fr. terere to rub, rub to pieces.] 1. To
mb, grind, bruise, or thrash. 2. To pulverize thoroughly.
— Trtfa-ni-Uo, a. — TitfH-ratloii, n.
Tlfnmpll (tri^raf), n. [L. triumphtu."] 1. A mag-
nificent Roman ceremonial in honor of a general who had
gained a decisive victory over a foreign enemy. 2. Ex-
ultation for success. 3. Victory ; conquest. — v. i. 1.
To celebrate victory ; to rejoice over success ; to exult.
9. To obtain victory ; to prevail. — Trfuinpll-Mr, n.
Trt-nm'^lua (trt-ttm'ral), a. Pert, to, used in, indi-
cating, or in honor of, a triumph or victory.
Tn-Ull'pluuit, a. 1. Triumphing ; exultant. 2. Cel-
ebrating victory. —Tri-nm'pliaiit-ly, adv.
HTrt-milMr (-v?r), »./ pi. L. Tkiumviki (-vT-ri), E.
TuimyiBS (-v8r«). [L., fr. /rw, gen. trium, three -f- tnr
a man.] One of three men unitMt in public office or au-
thority, in ancient Rome.
Trt-mn'Tl-nite (-vT-rtt), n. l. Oovemment by three
in coalition ; term of such government. 2. Coalition of
three in authority.
TrI'llll* (trilin), a. [Pref. tri- -j- L. unus one.] Being
three in one ; — n^ed to express the unity of a trinity en
persons In the Godhead. ~ Tri-ulll-ty (-S'nT-ty), n.
Titret (trlv^), «. [L. Mpe4, -pedU, three-footed ;
trt"^pet, pedU, foot.] A three-legged ttod, table, etc;
tripod. [Written slso trevet.)
TrtTl-al (trTvT-al), a. [L triviality prop., belonging
to the crossroads or public streets, found everywhere,
common, f r. trivium place where three roads meet, cross-
road ; tri- -f via a way.] Ordinary ; commonplace ; tri-
fling ; vulgar. — Trivl-tl-Iy, a<f r. — Triv^-tl-ium, «.
Mrl-tll-ty (-il'T-ty), n. l. The befaig trivial ; triv-
iahiess. 2. That wliich is trivUl ; a trifle.
Tiywofcly (tri'wjk'l^), o. Occurring or appearing
three times a week. ^-adv. Three times a week. — n.
A triweekly publication.
TnKOJUr (tri^tiir), n. IF. trocart ; trois three (L. tret)
-^ oarre side of a sword blade ; — from its triangular
point.] A surgeon's stylet for exploring tissues, etc.
Tro-ChalO (tr^-kiTk), a. [Or. rpovaucof.] Pert, to,
or consisting of, trochees. «■ n. Trociiiiic verse.
n TrtHdUUtOcr (-kIn'tSr), n. [NL., fr. Or. rpoxo^p-l
1. Either of two processes near the head of the femnr.
2. A joint (second or third) of the leg of an insect.
TnKohar (-kkr), n. Trocar. [let or losenge. |
Tr<K0lM(-kS),n. [Or.rpox<kwheeL] Medichial Ub- 1
TrO'OllM (-k5), n. [Or. rpoxatoc («*. wow), fr. rpo-
voZos running, fr. rp^x'"*-] P<>«tic foot of two ayllabies,
the first long and second short.
II TT00h1«-a (tr5kat-&), n. [L., a case or sheaf con-
taining pulleys. Or. rpoxtAio.] A structure resembling
a pulley ; as, the trochlea^ or pulleylike end, of the hu-
merus, which articulates with the ulna.
TlO'ollOld (trCTtoid), n. [Or. rpox^c wheel -f -aid.}
The curve described by any point in a wheel rolling on a
line; roulette. Cycloids, epicycloids, etc., are aU tr(»-
ohoids. — o. 1. Admitting of rotation on an axis. 2.
TopnUiaped ; — * said of shells.
TrodTtrM), TTOd'den (-d'n), p. p. of Tbxad.
Troc^O-dyta (tr9g'Ift-dit), n. [L. troglodytae, pi..
Or. rp«*yAodun)f one who creeps into holes ; •nMovArf hole,
cavern (fr. rpwYctv to gnaw) -f- *w«i»' to enter. J 1. Dwell-
er in a cave. 2. An anthropoid ape. 3. The wren.
Tropin (tryjffn), a. [L. Trojanut^ fr. Tr<^a Troy,
fr. 2Vo*, Or. Tp«i«, Tros, founder of Troy.] Pert, to ancient
Troy or its inhabitants. ~ n. An Inhabitant of Troy.
iTOU (trSl), n. [Icel.] Ooblin in ScandlnavUn myth-
ology, fabled to inhabit caves, hills, etc.
Tndl, T. t. [OF. troUer to drsg about, to ramble.]
1. To move circularly or volubly ; to roll ; to turn. 2. To
circulate (a vessel in drinking). 3. To sing the parts of
(a round, catch, etc.) in succession ; to sing loudly or
freely. 4. To angle for with a trolling line, or with a hook
drawn along the surface of the water. 6. To fish In. —
v.i, 1. To roll; to move around. 2. To move rapidly ;
to wag. 3. To take part In trolling a song. 4. To flsli
with a rod whose line runs on a reel; to fish by drawing
the hook through the water. — n. 1. A moving round ;
routine ; repetition. 2. A song whose parts are sung in
succession ; round. 3. A trolley. — Tnill'er, n.
Tndley ) (trOmy), n. {n) Truck which can be tilted.
Trolly I for carrying railroad materials, etc. (fc)
Narrow cart poshed by ham! or drawn by an animal, (r )
Truck from which the load is suspended In cranes, {d)
Truck which travels along the fixed conductors,and forms
a means of connection N^tween them and a railroad car.
Troiaop (-l«p), n. [Fr. troll to roll, stroll ; but cf.
also Trull.] A stroller ; loiterer ; slattern ; whore.
TramlMlie (trOm'bSn), n. [It., aug. of tromba a
trumpet.] A powerful ■ ySf
brass trumpet, made of a Cl^^TT^
tnhe bent twice upon itself tw.«k««-
and ending in a Wl, the Trombone,
middle part, bent double, slipping into the outer parts,
as in a telescope, to change the vibrating length.
Troon (tromp), n. [F. tromhe^ trompe^ waterspont,
a water-blowing machine.] A blowing apparatus for a
furnace. [Written also trompe^ and /romfte.]
fln» fftMM, #r^ rv4«f t^ «n, MM, M^i, o»t, 911, viuilr, «•, dati Ink, ito«, UOib
TROOP
696
TRUDGE
TrOM (trO&p). «. [OF. Irope, <nipe. LL. iropputA
L A collection of people ; multitude. 2. Soldiere, cof
lectirely; an army; — now generally in pi. 3. Small
body of cavalry, commanded by a captain, corresponding
to the eotnpanff in infantry.«-> v. i. 1. To move in num>
bera * to gather in crowds. 2. To march on.
TfOVP'ifi n, A cavalryman ; horse of a cavalryman.
Vrop* (trSp), n. [Or. rpotrof, fr. rpcn-cty to turn. j Use
of a word or expression iu a figurative sense.
Tn/pkW (trfl^fj^), n. [Or. rp6naut¥ monument of the
enemy's defeat, fr. rpoin} a putting to flight, fr. tptvtiv
to turn.] 1. Memorial of a victory raised on the tleld of
battle, or, in case of a naval victory, on the nearest land.
2. Representation of such a memorial, as on a medal ;
architectural ornament representiue a group of weapons.
3. Anything preserved as a memorUl of victory.
Trop^ (trop^k), n. [L. tropicui pert to a turn, i.e.,
of the sun. Or. rpoiructfv of the solstice, fr. rpintur to
turn.] 1. One of the two small circles of the celestial
sphere, 23^ 28^ on each side of the equator, wliich the sun
just reaches at its greatest declination north or south,
and from which it turns again toward the equator. 2.
pi. Region between the tropics. *• a. Tropical.
Tra^-OAl (trOp^-kol), a. 1. Pert, to the tropics ;
being within the tropics. 2. [Fr. trope.} Rhetorically
changed from its original sense ; figurative ; metaphorical.
Twt (trftt), r. <. [OF. /ro/rr.] 1. To proceed by the
nit called a Irol. 2. To run ; to jog ; to hurry. -* v. t.
To cause (a horse, etc.) to run without galloping or can-
tering, •^n. Pace of a horse or other quadruped, more
rapid than a walk, when he lifts one fore foot and the
hind foot of the opposite side at the same time.
Tretll (trOth), n. [Variant of truth.] 1. Belief ; faith ;
fidelity. 2. Truth ; verity ; veracity. 3. Betrothal.
Trot'tMT (trOt'tSr i, n. 1. One that trots ; a horse
trained to be driven in trotting matches. 2. Foot of an
animal, esp. of a sheep. [path ; sidewalk. I
TrOt'tOUr (-tw6r), n. [F., fr. trotter to trot.] Foot-|
TrOll'bA*4blir'(tr5&'bi-do5r'),n. [F., fr. LL. /ropa/or
a singer, tropare to sing, fro/xM a melody, song, L. troptu
a trope, song.] One of a school of poets who fiourislied
from the 11th to the 13th century, principally in Provence,
in the south of France, and also in the north of Italy.
TroaldO (trfib"l), r. t. [OF. trobler, troubler, fr. L.
turbare to disturb, turba disorder, tumult.] 1. To dis-
turb i to agitate. 2. To perplex ; to distress ; to annoy.
Syn. — To afflict ; grieve ; harass ; annoy ; molest.
•^ n. 1. A being troubled ; disturbance ; uneasiness ;
calamity. 2. That which irives disturbance or afflicts.
8yn.. — AfBiction; disturbance; perplexity; annoy-
ance ; vexation ; inconvenience ; calamity ; misfortune ;
embarrassment : anxiety ; sorrow ; misery.
TrounillMr (-iSr), n. One who troubles or disturbs.
Tnraldit-lOllld (-*l-stim), a. Oiving trouble or anxi-
ety; vexations; burdensome; wearisome. — TronnHa-
MBM-ly, ndP. — Troal»lft-80lll»-Be8S, n. [trouble. I
TnmnilOlU (trfibniiH), a. FuU of trouble I causing |
TrOBVll (trSf ), n. [AS. trog^ troh ; prob. orig. mean-
ing, made of wood, and akin to E. tree.l 1. Long, hol-
low vessel, generally for holding or conveying water.
2. Any Ions, narrow channel, receptacle, or depression.
TfODlIM (troun»»), v. t. [F. tronce, tronche, stump,
piece of wood.*! To punish severely ; to flog. IColloq.]
II Troupe (tr«Sa- ), n. [F.] A onmpany or troop, esp.
the company of performers iu a pity or opera.
TrOQ'hMn (trou'«8r7.\ n. pi. [OF. troitsxes breeches
worn by pages, fr. trousite bundle, a truss.] A man's
loose garment «>xtending from waist to knee or ankle, and
covering each l«»or separately.
II Troni'Man' (trSS/sS'). »• [F., fr. OF. trossfU dim.
of tro»$se bundle, truss.] A bride's outfit.
Tnmt (trout), n. [AS. tmht.] 1. A fresh-water game
fish, having ex'^ellent flesh. 2. A marine fish of several
■pedes resembling a trout, but of different family.
Tro^TW (trO^vir), A. [OF. froMT, trwm% to find.]
(a) The gahiing posseeiion of gooda. (6) A lepal afetloa
to recover dainaiges against one who zouad foods, and
would not deliver them to the owner on demand ; action
to recover goods wrongfully appropriated by another.
Trow (trC), 1'. i.&t, [AS. tre6wan to believe, f r. freto
trust, tre&we true.] To believe ; to suppose. lArchaki}
Trowel (trou'Sl), n. [OF. fnie^ L. tmtla^ dim. of
frua a ladle.] 1.
A masou's tool,
for spreading
and dressing
mortar, and
breaking bricks Tw.**i
to shape them. TrowSL
2. A gardener's tool, used in taking up plants, ete.
Trow'MIB (-sirs), n. pi. Trousera.
Tnrr (troi), n. , Tray weight Weight by which gold
and silver, iewels, etc., are weighed, and in whioh the
pound is divided into 12 ounces, ttie ounoe into 20 peony-
weights, and the pennyweight into 24 graina. [tmaaL j
fta'an-ey (tru'an-i^), n. A playing truant, or being j
Tm'ant, n. [OF., a vagrant, beg^; of Celtio on>
gin.] One who stays away from business or duty; oim
who stays out of school without leave ; idler ; shirk. -*
a. Wandering from business ; idle ; shirking duty.
Tmoe (trus), n. [AS. tre6w fidelity, fiSth. troth.]
1. A suspension of hostilities, for negotiation, etc ; r
mistice. 2. Short quiet.
quu
Flac of trace, a white flag shown by a combatant, where-
uponnostilitles are suspended.
Truck (trfik), n. [L. trochus iron hoop. Or. rpo^^ a
wheel, fr. rp^x'**' ^ nm.] 1. A small wheel ; esp., a
small strong wlteel for a gim carriage. 2. A low,
wheeled vehicle or barrow for carryiufr heavy artidea*
3. Am^K. TiTiET fnitnf w.It!i f^iio or mop^ T^iiirs *>f ^-h««la
and ncLfii'diiry tmn ^^ fijiriiigs, viv , tu a^ny oue *«id of a
A Tnidk Kmiii'^: f! AhI? Oiiahl i r' f^wJn|[ BtAfn |
It Aitc Oat I A' Utifabrj- 1r>ptiti^r.,
locomotive or a car. 4. Small wooden cap at the top of
a flagstaff or masthead, having holes for reeving halyarda
through. -^v. f. To transport on trucks.
Track, v. /. & f. [F. troquer; of onoertain origin.]
To exchange; to deal. ^-n. x. Sxchange of commodi-
ties ; barter. 2. Small commodities ; gMden vegetable*
raised for the market. [Colloq. U. S.j 3. The paying
wasres in goods instead of money.
Tmok'afe (-tj ; 2), n. Exchange; barter; tm<ik.
Tniok'afe, n. Charge for conveyance on a truck.
TmCkle (-k'i), n. Ohm. of truck wheeL] A atnaU
wheel or caster. — r. i. To yield obsequiously to an-
other : to creep. -^ r. t. To roll on truckles | to trandle.
TrndOe-lMd' (-bSdO, n. A low bed on wheel!, thai
may be pushed under another bed ; trundle-bed.
Traok'man, n. One who trucks, barten, or exchanges.
Tmok'inaJl, n. One who conveys goods on trucks.
Trtt'Oa-lent (trylttt-Ient;), a. [L. frMrti/en/tw, fr. fm^
trun'jt, wild, fierce.] 1. Fierce; ferocious; barbarous.
2. Cruel; destructive; ruthless.— Tm^OB-lMlt-lftatfv.
— Tm'cii-lenoe, Tm'ea-len-oy, *.
Tmdge (trQj), V. {. [Perh. Scand., and orig. nuan-
ing, to walk on snowshoes.] To walk WesfUy.
B, •» 1, 9i 0« loBf { ft, «, 1, 5, ll« jf', short ; ewAte, ^vtnt, tdea, Obey , ftnite, oAre, ttrin, Aak, ftU, fl
TEUE
597
TRYSTING
I (tni)» «• C^« trtdire faithful, true, fr. trt&w
fldelitj* fnitli, trottC] 1. Conformable to fact ; correct
X Bight to preoiaion ; exact. 3. Steady ia adbering
to f Heoda, to promiaea, to a priuoe, etc. ; unwavering ;
faithful ; loyal. 4* Actual ; genuine : pure ; real. — adv.
Ia accordance with truth ; truly. — Tnit'OMS. n.
TrsTfl* (tTD^n or trIU'f '1), n, [OF. trt^jU, perh. fr.
L. imber a tumor, Imob, trume.] A roundiah, atibterra-
iMan fungoa much eateemed aa lood. [truth. I
Tntlni (trnTz*m), n. An undoubted or aelf^erident |
TnOl (trfll), fi. [O. troUe, Irulle,] A drab ; harlot.
Truly (trult ), adv. 1. in a true manner ; accord- ,
ing to truth ; in agreement with fact. 8. Bxaotly ;
aoountoly. 9* Sincerely ; faithfully. 4. Conformably
to Uw t legally. B. In fact ; in deed ; in reality ; in truth.
Tramp (tramp), n, TF. trompe ; prob. fr. L. triufn- !
pkart to triumph, to make a Joyous noiae.] A wind in-
•trument of mnaio ; trumpet, or aound of a trumpet. i
TrwPi n. [Cormp. of triumoh.] 1. A winning card : I
one of a particular suit any card of wliich taliea any card j
of other auita. 8. A good fellow. ISlang] ^v,i. To I
play a trump card when one of another auit haa lieen led. '
"»v. f. To play a trump card upoo.
TmnPf V. t, [F. tromper to deceive.] To impoae
mftlrly ; to palm off.
Tnim9'«r-y(trtUnp'3r-y),il. pr.lromj>fri0 deceit, fr.
iromper^ Something aerring to deceive by false pre-
tense ; worthleca but anowy matter ; things worn out and
of no value ; rubbish. ~a. Worthless.
Tmmp'tt,!!. [P. lrom|>eMe, dim. of frompe trumpet]
1* A miwad wind
instrument, uaed in
military exerclsea
and in the orcheatra.
8. A trumpeter. «»
9. t To publish by
trumpet; to noise Bfodem Tmropet, with Platont.
abroad ; to proclaim. — v. i. To sound loudly.
Tmmp'at-Mr. ». 1. One who sounds a trumpet. 2.
One who proclaims or denounces. 3. {a) A long-legged
Booth American bird, allied to the cranes, often domes-
ticated. (6) A variety of domestic pigeon, (e) An Amer-
ican swan which has a very loud note. 4. A large edible
flab of TtMmania and New Zealand.
TnufOlto (trfioncit), V. t, [L. truncate^ -catum, to
mutilate, fr. truncut maimed, cut short.] To out off ; to
* to maim. «>a. Appearing as if out off at the tip.
I'oft-ttd, a. Cut off short. — Tnm-catlmit n.
ftmacaisi eeae or pyraaild, a cone or p]rramid whose
vertex to out off by a plane, the plane bdng
oaually pirallel to the oase.
Tnm'OlMOB (trfin'ah&n), n. [OF. iron-
ehon^ fr. ironehe piece of woodj 1. Short
staff : club ; shaft of a spear. 8. B.iton, or
military staff of command. 3. Stout stem,
aa of a tree, with the branohea lopped off, to
produce rapid jfrowth. ,^
Tni«'«I«(trttn'dn),j». [AS. /ryiwfc/ little ^""<«* 1
shleli.] 1. A round bodv; little wheeL *-^"''* |
8. Low-wheeled cart ; truck. 3. A rolling motion. -> .
p. /r^ i. To roll on little wheels ; to revolve. i
TnUI'dl*-lMd% n. A low bed moving on trundles, so I
Uaatit ctn be pushed under a hinrher bed ; trnrkle-bed.
Tnuk (trQQk), n. [F. trone^ L. tntnciu^ fr. truncut
maimed. Tntnk in the aenae of proboscis is fr. F. trompe
(same aa from/Ma trumpet), but confused in Enirlish with !
trvnk stem of a tree.] 1. Stem of a tree, apart from limbs |
and roots ; stock ; fttalk. 8. Body of an animal, apart from
head vid limbs. 3. Main body of anything. 4. Probos-
cis of an elephant, also of an insect. 6. Chest to contain
clotlies or to convey a traveler's effects.
Tnmk hose. Urge breeches formerly worn, reaching to
the Hnees. — Traak Uas, main line of a railroad, canal, etc.
Tran'aAl (trfln'nil), n. A treenail.
King-po«t Truss,
a Tiebeam s h Kinff-post i
ccStruUi dd Rafters.
Tnui^ttka (trfin'yiin; 26), n. [OF. trognim stock,
stump, or trunk of a tree.] Cylindrical projection on
each side of a gim, mortar, or howitzer, aupporting it on
the cheeka of the oarriase. See lUuM. of Ganhoh.
Tnun (trfis), n. [F. trous^ ; perh. fr. L. tk^nts
stalk, atem.] 1. A bundle ; package. 8. Surreal band-
age or apparatus used bi caaea of benUa, etc. 3. Frame-
work in building, sup-
ported at two points,
to transmit pressure
vertically to those*
points. —r. /. 1. To |
bind or pack close ; to
make into a tniss. 8.
To strengthen (a beam
or girder) by bracea.
3. To akewer ; to make faat, aa the winga of a fowl to
thebody in cooking it.
TniBt (trttst), n. floel. traust confidence, aeonrity ;
akin to E. true.} 1. Reliance on the integrity, justioe,
or other sound i^nciple, of another person ; confidence.
8. Credit given ; delivery of proper^ or merchandise in
reliance upon future payment. 3. Assured anticipation ;
hope ; belief. 4. That which is intrusted to one ; charae :
deposit. B. Responsible charge or oflSce. 3. Oroundof
reliance ; hope. 7. An eatate devised in oonfidence that
the devisee or grantee shall convey it, or dtopoae of the
profits, for the benefit, of another ; estate held for the
use of another. 3. An organisation formed to rMulate
the supply and price of commodities, etc. ICant] -^a.
Held in trust. —v. /. 1. To place confidence in ; to rely
on. 8. To believe ; to credit. 3. To hope confidently ;
to believe. 4. To commit, aa to one^s care ; to intrust.
6. To give credit to ; to sell to upon credit, or in confi-
dence of future payment. 3. To risk ; to venture con-
fidently. «>r. i. 1. To have trust ; to be credulous; to
confide. 8. To hope. 3. To gi veered it. — Tni3t'er,n.
TniB-tOt' (tras-t§0« n. One to whom property to
lemlly committed in trust.
Triistfia I
0
(trttsffyl), a. 1. Full of trust; trusting.
8. Worthy of trust ; faithful ; trusty ; trustworthy. —
Tnutfnl-ly, adv. — Tnwtfnl-iMM, n.
Tnwt'Wor'Uiy (-wfir'thy), a. Worthy of trust or oon-
fidence ; trusty. — Tnufwor'tld-IMM, n.
Tnisry i-f), a. 1. Admitting of being safely trusted ;
justly deserving oonfidence ; trustworthy ; reliable. 8.
Strong ; firm. — Tnwtl-ly, adv. — TnutlnaiS, n.
Trntll (truth), n. ; pi. Tbuths (truths). [AS. tre6tp9.
See Trub.] 1. The being true ; conformity to fact or
rule ; exactness ; constanov ; faithfulness ; freedom from
falsehood ; veracity. 8. That which to true ; real state
of things; reality. 3. A true thing; verified fact; e»>
tabtish^ principle, fixed law. etc. 4. Righteousness:
true religion. [fnl-ly* adv. — Tmtll^-liaiS, n. [
Tmtllflll, a. Full of truth; veracious. — Truth'- 1
Trr (tri), V. t. [F. trtrr to cull, pick out, LL. triiaro
to triturate, to separate grain from straw, to select, L.
terere, trUumt to rub, thresh.] 1. To purify or reflne
(metals) ; to melt out, and procure in a pure state (oil, tal-
low, lard, etc.). 8. To prove by experiment; to test.
3. To subject to trial ; to cause suffering to. 4. To test
by use. 6. To strain ; to subject to excessive tests. 3.
To investigate judicially. 7. To settle ; to decide by an
appeal to arms. 3. To have knowledge of by experience.
9. To essay ; to attempt. — v. i. To endeavor. -> ». A
trying ; attempt ; experiment ; trial.
Syn. — To Tbt : Attbmpt ; endeavor ; strive ; aim ; ex-
amine. - To try is the generic, to attempi is the specific,
term. When we try^ we are usually uncertain aa to suc-
cess ; when we nttempi^ we have some definite object in
view which we seek to accompUsh.
Trylnc. «• Adapted to try ; severe ; afflictive, [ing. I
Tryst (trTst), n. [Variant of fn^r.] Appointed meet- 1
TrjrttfillC, n. An appointnient ; tryst.
fim, reoMit, 6rb| r||d«, f ^ ttm, food, f<^t, oat, oil, ohair, go* aind ink, tlicm H^aok
TSAR
598
TtJMP
ir (ttf r), n. Title of the emperor of Russia ; czar.
Tia-ri'kUl (tsii-rS'iiA)f in. IRum. tsariisaj Title of
TM-rlfsa (tsii-rSf 84), ) the empreM of Buasia.
TmI'M (taSt^st), n. A venomous two-winged African
fly, whose bite Is often fatal to horses and cattle, but
harmless to men. [Written also te«/ce, and tsetMe.}
Tub (tlib), n. [OK iubbe.'l 1. Open wooden veasel
formed with stares, bottom, and hoops ; short cask, with
but one head. 2. Contents of a tub. «■ r. /. To set in a
tub.— «. i. To bathe. ICoUoq.)
Tube (tub), n. [L. tubus ; akm to tuba trumpet.] 1.
HoUow cylinder, to convey fluids, etc. ; pipe. 2. Tele-
scope. 3. Vessel In animal bodies or plants, to convey a
fluid or other substance. •-> r. t. To furnish with a tube.
Tnfbn (tu'bSr), n. [L., a hump, knob.] 1. (a) A
fleshy, rounded stem or root, usually containing starchy
matter, as the potato or arrowroot ; thickened rootstock.
(6) A genus of fungi. 2. A tuberosity ; tubercle.
Tufun-dU (tu'bSr-k'l), n. [L. tvbereulum^ dim. of
tuber.} 1. Small knoblike excrescence, natural or morbid.
2. Small mass of morbid matter ; deposit accompanying
scrofula or phthisis. — Tu-bWoil-lar (tft-bSr^tt-lir), a.
It Tn-beroa-lo'ils (tft-barOtft-iy-ts),. «. [nl.] a
constitutional disease, with production of tubercles in
the internal organs, esp. In the lungs, wliere it constitutes
the most common variety of pulmonary consumption.
TnbO'rOM' (tub^ris' or tuhHr-W), n. [O.] Garden
plant with a tuberous root and liliaceous flower.
Tn'ber-OM' (tn^bSr-Ss^), a. Tuberous.
Tll'iMr-oa't-ty (-Sst-tj^), n. 1. The being tuberous.
2. A knoblike prominence ; protuberance.
TnOMr-ODS (tu'bSr-tis), a. [L. tuberotu*."] 1. Cov-
ered with knobby or wartlike prominences ; knobbed.
2. Consisting of, or bearing, tubers ; resembling a tuber.
Tnbtllff (tubTng), n. 1. A making tubes. 2. A se-
ries of tubes ; tub^, collectively ; lei^h or piece of a
tube ; material for tubes.
Tnlra-lJUr (tu'btt-lSr), a. [L. tubulus, dim. of tubus
tube, pipe.] Formed like a tube or pipe; consisting of
a pipe ; fistular ; provided with tubes.
Tabolar bridge, a bridge in the form of a hollow trunk or
tube, made of
iron plates riT-
eted together.—
Tubalar ilrdsr, a
K'ate girder hav-
g vertical webs
with a space be-
tween them.
Ta'bn-Uto
(-ltt).ff. [L. /«-
mdatu».'\ Tubu-
lar ; tuDulated ;
tubulous.
TnOra-U'tod,
a. liade in the
form of a smalt
BriUnnia Tubular Bridge.
tube ; provided with a tube, or elongated opening.
Tnlllllo (-bui), n. [F. ; L. tubulus^ dim. of tubus.} A
small pipe or flstular body.
T1l4ra•li-flonll^ n. Formed like a small tube.
Tnlra-lOSe' (-ISa^), ) a. 1. Like a tube ; longitudinally
Tnlra-lOIUI (-Itlfl), f hollow; having a hollow cylin-
drical corolla. 2. Containing, or consisting of, small
tubes; composed wholly of tubulous florets.
Took (tttk), n. [Cf. Tocsin.] Beat of a drum. [Scot.}
Taok, f. t. [LG. tnkken to pull up, tuck up, entire ;
akin to E. tug.} 1. To draw up ; to shorten ; to fold
under. 2. To make tucks in. 3. To inclose ; to press
Into a close place. «■ n. 1. A horizontal sewed fold in a
garment, etc. ; a pl^t. 2. The part of a vessel where
the ends of the bottom planks meet under the stern.
Tnok'er (-^r), n. 1. One that tucks ; instnunent for
making tucks. 2. Narrow piece of linen, etc., folded
across the breast, or attacheo to the gown at the neck.
Tock'Mr (tttk'ir), r. /. To weary. iCoHoq. U. SA
TlMTday (tuzMt ; 2), n. [AS. Tivts dmg day of Tiw
god of war ; akin to L. Jttpiter, Or. Zcvv ; cf. OHO. iTtos-
/ac Tuesday, O. Dienstag.} The third day of the week.
Tufa (tu'fi or tSo'14). Tvti (t&f), n. [It. t^fo soft,
sandy stone, L. tofus^ tophus.} (a) A soft or porous stone
formed by depositions from water. (6) A friable vokanic
rock or conglomerate, formed of consolidated cindera.
Tvti (ttttt), n. [F. Umfff.} 1. A collection of small
or flexible things in a knot or cluster. 2. A cluster. ^^
r. t. 1. To separate into tufts. 2. To adorn with tufts.
TvfTy {-S\ a, 1. Abounding with tufta. 2. Grow-
ing in tufts or clusters.
Tog (tlig), t?. L [AS. teAn, p. p. togen, to draw, L.
ducere to lead, draw.] To pull or haul along ; to tow. —
V. i. 1. To pull with greet effort ; to strain in hUxn-.
2. To strive; to struggle. — 1». 1. A pull with the ut-
most effort. 2. A small, powerful steamboat used to
tow vessels ; — called also steam tug^ tuf^toai^ and fotr-
boat. 3. Trace of a harness. — Tafftr, n.
Tn-l'tton (ttt-Tsh'&n), n, [L. tuUio protection, fr.
tueriy tuituSy to see, watch, protect.] 1. Superintendii^
care ; guardianship. 2. Teaching ; instruction. 3. Pri<«
or payment for instruction. — Ya-itUm-tk-Tf (-t-rf ), a.
TuOip (tulTp), n. [F. tttlipe, fr. Turk, tulbend, Ut.,
aturban. Per. d«/6an<f.J A
liliaceous plant, or its beau-
tiful flower.
Tnlla (tMl), n. [F. ; -
fr. the town of TuUe, in
France.] A silk lace or liglit
netting, used for veils, etc.
TnmOllo (tfima)M), r. i.
[AS. tumbian to turn heels
over head, to dance violent-
ly; akin to G. taumein to
reel, stagger.] 1. To roll
over, or to and fro ; to throw
one*s self about. 2. To roll
down ; to fall suddenly and
violently. 3. To contort the
body. — r. /. 1. To turn
over; to throw about, for
search ; to move roughly ; to precipitate.
Tulip.
2. To disturb;
to rumple. «■ n. A tumbling, or foiling over ; a faU.
Tiimn»l»-dniig' (-dfing"}, Tnmlde-biic' (-b&g'), n. A
beetle whose female lays her eggs in a globular mass of
dung which she rolls by means of her land legs to a bur-
row excavated in the earth, in which she buries it.
TnmHtler, n. 1. One who tumbles; an acrobat.
2. Part of a lock holding the bolt in its place. 3. Fsrt
of the hammer of a gunlock, moved by the mainspring.
4. Drinking glass, without foot or stem ; — orig. having
a pointed base, so that it could not be set down with
liquor in it. 6. A variety of pigeon which tumbles, or
turns somersaults, while flying. 6. Breed of dogs that
tumble when pursuing game.
Tnm'brel (-brSl), { n. [OF. tomber&l, fr. tomber to
Tnm'brlK-brTI), i fall, tumble.] 1. A cucking stool
for punishing scolds. 2. A rough cart. 3. Two-wheeled
cart accompanying troops or artillery, to convey the
tools of pioneers, cartridges, etc.
Tn'me-faoHon (tu'mS-flk'shCin), n. A tumefying,
swelling, or risiuK into a tumor ; tumor ; swelling.
Tn'me-fy (tu'm*-fi), r. /. & i. [F. tumffier, fr. L.
turners to swell -f -ficare (in comp.) to make.] To swelL
Tn'mld (-mTdJ, a. [L. tumidus^ fr. tumert.} 1.
Swelled, enlarged, or distended. 2. Protuberant. 3.
Swelling in sound or sense ; pompous; inflated; bombas-
tic : turgid. — Tnlnld-nMs, Tn-mldl-ty (-mTdnr-ty), »
Tll'lll0r(tu'mSr),n. [L.,fr. /fimere.] A morbid swell-
ing or growth, on any part of the body.
Tump (tflmp), n. [W. tump.} A little hillock ;
knoll. «■ V. t. To form a mass of earth or a hillock abmit.
A, e, I, o, a, long ; H, e, 1, 5, tt, t. «hort ; se«ntp. invent. Idea, 6bey, (tnite, oAra, ilnn, ask, )|U,
TUMULAR
599
TURK
Il-ljur(t3'uitt-lir),a. [L. ^mu/tu mound.] Goo-
■bting tu » heap ; formed or beiog in a heap or hillock.
Ta'mult (-mCUt), n. [L. tumuUut ; prob. akin to
8kr. tumula noiae, noisy.] 1. Agitation of a multitude,
nmially with great noiae, uproar, and confusion ; hurly-
burly. 2. Irregular motion ; agitation ; high excitement.
87n. — Uproar; ferment; disturbance: turbulence;
disOTder; hubbub; bustle; stir; brawl; riot.
Tn-lBlll'tO-A-ry (tt-miL'ttt-t-rj^ ; 40), a. [L. tumuUu-
ttrUu.] 1. Attended by, or producing, tumult ; disorder-
ly ; tumultuous. 2. Restless ; agiuted ; unquiet. —
n-nraltn-A-rl-ly, adv. — TQ-]iiiil'to-«-rl-iiMS, n.
Tn-miU'tO-OlUI (-Qs), a. [L. tumuUuosus,'} 1. Full
of tumult; disorderly. 2. Conducted with disorder;
boisterooa. 3. Agitated. 4. Turbulent ; riolent. —
Ta-nml'ta-oiii-lyt a<fp.— TQ-oml'to-ons-nMS. n.
Bjn. - Disorderly : irregular ; noisy ; turbulent ; do-
lant ; disturbed ; Uwless ; riotous ; seditious.
iTa'imi-llUI (tu'mtt-lOs), n.; jpl, Tumuu (-II). [L.,
aepolohrai mound, prob. fr. tumere to swelL] An arti-
ficial hillock, esp. one over a grave ; barrow.
Tim (t&n), n. [AS. tunne. See Tov a weight.] 1. A
large cask. 2. A measure for liquids, that for wine con-
taining 2 pipes, 4 hogsheads, or 252 gallons, — r. t. To
put into tuns, or casks. [musical ; tuneful. I
Tlia'ft-ttle (tnn'A-b'l), a. Capable of being tuned ; |
TUIM (tun), n. [Variant of UmeA 1. A sound ; note ;
tone. 2. (a) A rhythmical, melodious series of tones
for voices or instruments ; a roelodv ; an air. (6) The
giving ttie proper sound ; Just intonation. 3. Order ; har-
mony; concord ; right mood. ~r. t, 1. To harmonize ;
to correct the tone oL 2. To make harmonious. 3. To
aing with melody or harmony. 4. To put into a proper
■Ute. -> V. i. To form accoidant musical sounds.
TniMflll, a. Harmonious ; melodious ; musical.
TniMlOIII, a. 1. Without tune ; inharmonious ; un-
musical. 2. N(^ employed in making music ; silent.
TmiX'St^n (tling^stSn), n. [8w. tungjtten ,' tung
heavy + sten stone. Sae Stootl] A heavy, steel-gray
metal, alloyed with steel, to increase its hardness.
Ta'niO (tu'nTk), n, ih. tunica.] 1. An imder-gar-
ment worn by the ancient Romans of both sexes, also
by ancient Oriental peoples. 2. A modem loose-fitting
garment. 3. A membrane, esp. when enveloping an organ
or part, as the eye. 4. A natural covering ; integument.
II Ta'nl-oa'U (-nT-ka'ti), n. pi. [NL.] A grand divi-
aion of the animal kingdom, intermediate between inver-
tebrates and vertebrates, usually having the body covered
with a firm external tunic, and with two openings, one
for entrance and one for exit of water.
Tn'lllHMUt (tu'nt-ktt}, n. One of the Tunicata. —a.
Having a tunic ; covered with layera.
Tn'nl-Ole (-nT-k'l), n. [L. tunicula Uttle tonic, coat
or membrane, dim. of tunica,} 1. A slight natural cov-
ering; integument. 2. A short, close-fitting vestment
worn by Rcmian Catholic bishops and subdeaoona.
TaillllC (tuntuff), a. & n. from Txtnv, v.
Taalaf tork. a steel instrument con-
•iating of two prongs and a handle,
which, being struck, gives a fixed
tone,— used for tuning instruments, Tuninir Fork
or for ascertahiing the pitch of tunes. *^""'* ' °"
Tmk'nti%9 (tnn'ntj ; 2), n. Tonnage.
Tltll'll6r(-n91), n. [F. tonnelle a semicircular, wagon-
beaded vault, tunnel net, arbor ; dim. of tonne a tun, as
shaped like a tun.1 1. A vessel with a broad mouth at
one end, and a tube at the other, for conveying liquor
into bottles, etc. ; funnel. 2. Opening of a chimney for
passage of smoke ; flue. 3. Artiflcitd passage for con-
ducting canals or railroads under elevated ground, for
forming roads under rivers or canals, and the con-
structing sewers, drains, etc. «■ v. t. [imp. Sip. p. Tmr-
nLBD (-nnd) or TuwmsLLBD ; p. pr. & vb. n. TuMifSLnro
or TWKBLLiifo.] 1. To form into a tunnel, or funnel.
2. To make an opening, or passageway, through or under.
(tOn'nj^), n. [Or. •vrvoc, #vi«t.] A larg*
fish of tlM Mackerel family, esp. the great tunny of the
Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, whkh some-
times weighs 1000 pounds or more. On the American
coast it is called hor$e mackerel. [Written also thunny.']
Tn'pe-lO (tn'pt-15), n. [Amer. Indian name.] A
North American tree of the Dogwood family, having
crossgrained wood, very difficult to split. Galled also
black gum^ eonr gum^ and pepperidge.
TvrlMtt (tfir'ban), n. [F. turbant Turk, tulbend, fr.
Per. dulband.'} 1. A headdress worn by men in the Le-
vant and bv most male Mohammedans, consisting of a cap,
and a sash, scarf, or shawl, wound about it. 2. Head-
dress worn by women. 3. Setof whorls of a spiral shelL
Tarnhld (-bid), a. [L. turtndue, fr. turba tumult,
/tfr6ar« to disturb.] 1. Having the lees or sediment dis-
turbed ; thick ; not clear. 2. Confused ; disordered.
Tmnil-IIAl (-M-nol), a. JL. /urfto, /ur-
Aen,
ral;
nail
TmOit-i
TvOit-i
turbo.} 1- „ --^. „ ^
Shaped like a top, or inverted cone ; nar- Turbinate Cap-
row at the base, and broad at the apex. Mile of Lud-
3. Turbbial; spiral. A wigia.
Tllfnilll0(-bTn),fi. iUturbo.-hmU.} A water wheel,
commonly hor-
i«mtal, usually
having a series
of curved
buckets,
against which
the water acts
by its impulse
or reaction in
flowing either
S^IIJS ll-JI* A One form of Turbine, oomnlete i B Wheel
a central cham- ^ „,„„vh1 from the Cs»e, to Aow iu »hspe.
ber, inward
from an external casing, or from above downward, etc ;
— also called turbine irheel.
TnrHMM (-bfit), n. [F. ; — jprob. named from its shape,
fr. L. turbo.} A large flotmder esteemed as a food flsh.
Its color on the upper side is brownish, but on the lower,
or blind, side, is white.
Tnrlm-lillt (-bfi-Wnt), a. [L. turbuUntu*^ fr. turba
tumult.] 1. Disturbed ; tumultuous. 2. Disposed to
disorder; restless; refractory. 3. Producing commo-
tion. — Tnrnm-leoMy, adv. — TnrOni-leiioe, n.
TwfOO-HUUI (-k^-man), n. ; pi. Turcomaks (-mans).
A member of a tribe of Turanians dwelling east of the
Casj^an Sea. rincluding the true thrushes. I
llTlir'dlUl(tQr'dQ8),n. [LJ A genus of singing birds!
Tn-rMIl' (tfi-rSn'), n. [F. terrine, L. terra earth.]
A deep vessel for holding soup, etc., at the table.
Tnrf (tOrf), n. [AS.] 1. That upper stratum of earth
and vegetable mold which is filled with roots of grass and
small plants, so as to adhere and form a kind of mat ;
sward ; sod. 2. Peat, esp. when prepared for fueL See
Pbat. 3. Race course ; horse racing. -> v. t. To cover
with turf or sod. — Tnrfy (-f), a. — Tnrfl-nan, n.
Tm'tmkt (tflr'jrat), a. [L. turgens, -genti*, p. pr. of
turgere to swell.] 1. Rising into a tumor, or a puffy
state; swelling; tumid. 2. Bombastic; turgid.
Tnr-f as^oent (-jSs'srat), a. [L. turgfseentf -centi*^ n.
pr. of turgescere, v. incho. fr. turgere.} Becoming turgid
or inflated. — Tiir-i(o«'oeBoe, Tnr-gM'oeB-eyt n.
TWgld (tOr'jTd), a. [L. turgidus, fr. turgere.} 1.
Distended beyond the natural state ; swollen ; inflated ;
tumid. 2. Swelling in stjrle or language ; pompous. —
Tnr'gld
Tmk
("tffi,
TlU-pAI'ty (-jTdT-ty), n.
n. [Per. ; probably of Tartar orlg^]
fSm, recent, 6rb, r^de, f\tll, Am, food, fdbt, out, oil, cbair, ^o, sin^, ^^kf then, tllln.
TURKEY
600
TURTIJEDOVE
y''^^^
t. Member of » Tartar tribe of Central Atia, etc. 2. An
inhabitant of Turkey. 3* A Mohammedan.
Tw'lMy (tlir'kj^), i». An empire in the aoutheaat of
Europe and aouthweat of Asia.
TwW red. (a) A brilliant red imparted by madder to
oottona, calicoes, etc (b) Cloth dyed with this red.
Tttr'kty, n. ; pi. Tvrkbtb (-kTx). [Formerly supposed
to have originated in Turkey.]
lAive American galliuaceous
bird, valued for food.
Torksy bviiard, a buxzard
abundant in tue Boutheru
United BUtes, whose naked and
warty head and neck resemble
thoae of a turkey. Called also
turkey vulture.
Twk'ISll(tQrk^sh),a. Pert,
to Turkey or the Turks. — n.
B of the Turks.
('(tttr-koia'or-k&O.
n. Atu Turquoise.
T«rtlltr-lo(-m8r-Tk),». [F. J^r.
terre-miritey NL. terra-merUa, -^
lumifrica ; perh. corrup. of Ar.
kurktim.] 1. Bast Indian pUnt Common Cock Turkey.
of the Ginger familv. 9. Root or rootstock of thia plant,
used for a dye, medicine, condiment, and chemical test.
Tnr^oU (tOr/mMl ; tometime* Wr-moil'), »^ [Perh.
fr. OF. tremouilte hopper of a mill, trembler to tremble.]
Harassing labor ; worrying confusion.
Turn (tOrn), V. t. [OFT toumer, turner^ LL. tomare,
fr. L. tomare to turn in a lathe, fr. tomus lattie, Or.
TopKo« turner's chisel, carpenter's tool for drawing cir-
cles.] 1. To cause to revolve; to make to face others
wise. 2. To reverse the position of. 3. To give another
direction or inclination to ; to deflect 4. To divert (to
another purpose or end) ; to transfer ; to apply ; to de-
▼ote. B. To change the form or effect of ; to transform.
6. To form in a lathe ; to shape (anything) by applying
tk cutting tool to it while revolving. 7- To shape ; to
adapt. 3. (a) To translate ; to construe. (6) To make
acid or sour ; to ferment ; to curdle, (c) To sicken ;
to nauseate. •-> r. i. 1. To move round ; to revolve ; to
change position, so as to face differently. 2. To hinge ;
to depend. 3. To result or terminate ; to issue. 4. To
take a different direction or tendency. 6. To be changed
or transformed : to grow. 6. To undergo the process of
turning on a lathe. 7. (a) To become acid ; to sour. (6)
To become giddy ; — said of the head or brain, (r) To be
nauseated, (rf) To incline in the other direction : —
said of scales, (e) To change from ebb to flow, or from
flow to ebb; — said of the tide.«>n. 1. A turning;
revolution. 2. Change of direction or tendency ; vicis-
situde. 3. A winding ; bend ; meander. 4. Incidental
deed or office; act of kindness or malice. 6. Conven-
ience ; purpose. 6. Form ; shape ; fashion ; form of
expression. 7. A round of a cord hi order to secure it,
as about a pin or a cleat.
Tvni'-tollO^O (tQmn)fik'k'l), n. A metallic loop
with a screw thread at
one end and swivel at
the other, for tighten-
*"%W00llt'^' (*kS^'), ^" ^°"" **' Turn-buckle.
n. One who forsakes his p<\rty or principles ; renegade.
Tmn'W (tQni^ \ n. 1. One who turns ; one who forms
articles with a latht* . 2. A variety of pigeon ; tumbler.
II Tuifaer (toor'nSr), n. [O.] A gymnast.
Tnni'er-y (tfin/Sr-j^ ), n. l. A fashioning solid bodies
into rounded forms on a Ittthe. 2. Tilings or forms made
by a turner, or In the latlie.
Tnmlllf, n. 1. Act of one that turns ; a winding ;
flexure. 2. Angle or comer. 3. Tumerv.
lag potat, point upon which a question turns, and
which decides a case.
Tnr'UlB (tQKuTp), M. [OB. tvmep : prob. fr. htm 4-
nepe turnip, AS. nMpe^ L. napus.] BdibJe. fleshy, roimd-
isti root of a crurii«jrous plant ; the pUmt itself.
Tnm'kST' (tdni'kS'), n. 1. One in chai|e of tba
keys of a prison ; warder. 2. Dentist's instrument with
a hinged claw, for extractuig teeth with a twlat.
TWB'-ont' (-ouf ), n. 1. A coming forth ; aqnitting
of employment, to force increase of wages ; a strike ; —
opp. to lockout. 2. Bide track on a railroad, to be ocen-
(Jed by one train while another is passing on a wtiia
track ; shunt ; siding ; switch. 3. An equipage. 4. Ag-
gregate number of persons who liave come out for a sp»>
cisi purpoee. 6. Net qiumtity of produce yielded ; output.
Tnm'O'TMr (-S'vSr), ti. 1. A tnming ovor; upeet.
2. Bemicircular pie made by turning one half of a circular
crust over tlie other. — o. Admitting of being tamed
over ; made to be turned over.
Tnra'^*' (-pIkOt n. 1. A turnstile. 2. TUlgato.
3. A turnpike road. —v. /. To form (a road) in tha
manner of a turnpike road.
Tunplks road, a road on which tnmpikea, or toUgiteB,
are established by law.
Tnn'plate' (-plKtO, n. A ttimtoble.
TomlMAa' (-e9I0« »• [It. tomasole ; tontmre to turn
+ sole the sun, L. 4of . ] [Written also tumtol.} (a) Tb*
heliotrope, whose flowers are siippoeed to turn toward
the sun. (M The simflower. (c) A kind of spurgOk
Tnm'splr (-splt^), n. 1. One who turns a spiL or li
engaged in some menial office. ^ 2. A small breed of doci
having a long body and short crooked legs, formerly
used to tuni a spit on which meat was roasting.
Tum'ttll*' (-stno, n. 1. A revolving frame In a foot-
Esth, preventing the passage of .
orses or cattle, but admitting I
that of persons ; turnpike. 2.
A similar arratigement for reg-
istering the number of persons |
passing through a gateway,
doorway, etc.
Tlin'U'blo(-tS'bn),f». Re- I
volving platform, for turning
railroad cars, locomotivea, eto.|
in a different direction.
II Tnm'Te-rela' (t65m'fe-rln0« «». CO.; tumtn
TuraiUle, L
exercise -\- verein union.] Association of gymn
Tur^n-tlna (tflr'pSn-tIn). n. [F. tirfbenthtne, OF.
also tnrbentine; fr. L. tereMnfktnus of the turpentine tree,
terebintkui turpentine tree. Or. rtp«i3i»«ot.j Primarily,
the semifluid or fluid exudation of oil and redn of the ter*
eblnth, or turpentine tree, of the Mediterranean region ;
hence, that obtained from the pine, larch, fir, etc.
Tor'pl-tlldo (-pT-tOd), n. [L. turpawto^ fr. turpU
base.] Baseness of principle or actions ; depravity.
Tnr-qiiolse' ) (tflr-kois' or -kSs'), f^ [F. tw^fuois^;
Tvr-quQla' ( LL. <«rrAeWiM, turcMma; — ao called
because first brought from Turkep.] A blue, or bluish
green, mineral, susceptible of high polish, Koa, when of
a bright blue color, esteemed as a gem. [coopers. [
Tnr'rtl (tdr'rtn), n. [of. touroul.} Tool used by|
Tnrfrst (-rfit), n. [OF. tourttte^ dim. of tonr a tower,
L. turris.] 1. A little tower at an angle of a larger
structure. 2. A revolving tower of Iron platea, contain-
ing cannon, used on war ships and on land.
Tnr'ret-id, n. 1. Furnished with turrets ; having the
whorls somewhat flattened on the upper side and often
ontamentod by spines or tubercles ; — said of spiral
shells. 2. Formed like a tower.
Turtle (tQr't'l), n. [AS. ; L. tnrtur.^ Turtledove.
TUT'ttO, n. [Prob. same word as the preceding, and
BubHtltuted (prob. by sailor*) for the Porttigneae name \
8p. tortugn tortoise, turtle, Pg. tartamgn.^ 1. Tortoise,
esp. the large sea turtle, or chelonian. 2. Curved pUte In
which the form is h*»ld In a type-revolving cylinder press.
I Tttr'ttt-dOTf (-dttV), !•. 1. A pigeon of the OM
ft, 3, 1, 9, a, long ; ft, fi, 1, 5, tt, % short ; senftte, «ven^ tdea, 3bey. Unite, cftre, ftrm. Ask, «n, fin«L
TUSCAN
601
TWITTER
Worid, notod for lU plaintive note, affectioaate diapoei-
Uon, aud devotion to ita mate. 2. A pigeon reaembllng
the true turtledoves, as the Aokericau mourning dove,
aud Australian turtltnlove.
Tm'OAll (tOi/kau), a. [L. Tuscantu^ Tu»eu*.'] Pert,
to Tuscany in Italy ; designating one of the five standard
orders of architecture. See lUust. of CaPtTAL. » n. An
inhabitant of Tuscanv.
Tnsll (tiish), tn/er;. An exclamation indicating check,
rebuke, or contempt. [long, pointed tooth ; tusk. ,
Tun, n. [AS. tu*c ; prob. akin to tUS tooth.] A '
Toik (tOsk), n. [AS. tusc.^ One of the elongated
hicisor or oauine teeth of the wild boar, elephant, etc. ;
any long, protruding tooth. — TllBktd (tllskt), o.
TttSliM (tOysU), v.L&t. [See Touslb. ] To scuffle ;
to struggle with. — ». A struggle ; scuffle. [C0//09.]
TatCtnt), in/erf. Be stlU ; hush.
Ta'tt-Uf 6 (tuO^-l&J ; 2), n. [L. tutela protection, fr.
hOMi safe, lueri to defend.] 1. A guarding or protect-
inff. 2. State of baing under a guardian ; protection.
^Pn't*4ar (-.2r), ) a. Having the guardianship of
Ttttft-U-ry (-It-ry ), { a person ora thing ; protecting.
Ttt'torCtu'tir), n. [li.; iT.tueri."] One who has care
of some person or thing, (a) A treasurer ; keeper. (6)
One in charge of a child or pupil ; guarQian. {c) A pri-
vate or public teacher. (<f) A college instructor of lower
rank than a professor. «>r. t. 1. To have the guardian-
ship or care of ; to teach ; to histruct. 2. To treat with
authority or severity.— Tutor-afO (-tj; 2), n.— Ttt'-
tOr-«M» n. /. - Ta-tO'rUa (-tyrTHnl), a.
Twad'dlt (twSdMM), V. i, & t. To Ulk in a weak and
ilUy manner. » n. Silly talk ; gabble. — Twad'dler, n.
TWata (twin), a. St n. [AS. twfgen.'} Two ; — nearly
obeolete, but used in poetry and burlesque.
Twang (twiug), V. i. & t. rimitative.] To sound
with a quick, harsh noise. ~ n. 1. Harsh, quick sound,
like that made by a stretched string suddenly let go. 2.
Affected modulation of the voice ; a nasal sound.
TWMk (twCk), V. /. [OE. tteikkent ttticchen. Bee
TwrrcH. ] To pinch and pull with a sudden jerk and twist.
— n. A sharp pinch or Jerk ; twist ; twitch.
Tweed (twSd), n. [Prob. comip. of ttcilU.} Soft,
flexible, woolen fabric for men*s wear.
Twee'dle (twS'dn), v. /. To twiddle ; hence, to coax.
Tweeee \ (twSz), ». [F. ituU^ pi. of ^/ui case.] Sur-
Tweeie ) geon^s case of instruments.
Twee'lMIB (twS'zSn), n. pi. Small pinchers to pluck
out hairs, etc.
Twelitll (twSlfth), a. [AS. ttceUta.l 1. Next after
the deventh ; — ordinal of twelve. 2. Being one of twelve
equal parts. — n. 1. Quotient of a unit divided by twelve ;
one of twelve equal parts. 2. Next after the eleventh.
3. Musical interval of an octave and a fifth.
TweUth'-nlSlIt' (-nitO, n. Evening of Epiphany, or
the twelfth day after Chribtmas.
Twelve (twSlv), a. [as. twel/; fr. root of E. two +
nme element as in the second part of eleven.'^ One more
than eleven ; two and ten ; a dozen. «■ n. 1. Number
next following eleven ; sum of ten and two ; a dosen.
2. Symbol representing twelve units, as 12, or xiL
TwelTe'niO (-md), a. & n. Duodecimo.
TwelTe'montll (-mQnth), n. A year, which oonalBto
of twelve calendar months.
Twentl-etll (tw«n'tl-€th), a, [AS. tweniigo&a. See
TwBirnr.] 1. Next after the nineteenth ; — ordinal of
twenty. 2. Being one of twenty equal parts. ^ n. 1.
The next after the nineteenth. 2. Quotient of a unit
divided by twenty ; one of twenty equal parts.
Twen'ty (-ty), «. [as. twenUg, twentig ; akin to O.
twamigy Ooth. twai tigjtu ; that is, two tens.] 1. Being
one more than nineteen; twice ten. 2. An indefinite
number more or less than twenty. — n. 1. The number
next following nineteen ; twice ten ; a score. 2. Symbol
wpr— enting twenty units, as 20, or xx.
Twioe (twis), adv. [OE. ttHet (where the « la the
adverbial endiug), AS. ticiges^ twiwa; akin to O. ttdt^
L. 6t-, 6r. Si-, and £. <iro.] 1. Two Umea; (mce vA
again. 2. Doubly ; in twofold quantity or degree.
Twld'dle(twld'dn),«.f. [Prob. Imitative.] To touch
lightly, or play with ; to tweedle ; to twirl, -^v.i. To
be buiiy about trifles. «> n. A slight twist with the fingers.
TwlimiOW (twFiil/W). r77. [AS. twU (sm Twice)
two -|- falUno.\ To plow, or fallow (land), a second time.
Twig (twTg), r. /. [Gael, tuig^ or Ir. tuigim I under^
stand.] 1. To understand the meaning of : to oompn>-
heud. [Coiloq.^ 2. To observe slyly ; to discover.
Twig, H. [AS. twig; akin to D. twijg^ O. tweig^ and
prob. to B. /tro.] Small shoot of a tree or other plant.
Twl11gllt'(twinit/),n. [AS. /tri-l-f«<$A/ light: hence,
doubtful or half light.] 1. Faint Ught between daylight
and dark. 2. Dubious or uncertun medium through
which anything is viewed. — a. 1. Been or done by twi-
light. 2. Imperfectly illuminated ; shaded ; obscure.
TwUl (twTl), V. t. [Scotch tweel ; prob. f r. LO. twil-
ten to make double, fr. twi- two ; akin to AS. /upi-, S. twi-
in twilight.] To weave (cloth) so as to make ribs on the
surface.— n. 1. An appearance of rlbt in textile fliUirica.
2. Fabric woven with a twill.
Twin (twTn), a. [AS. ge/trfnne two and two, pi.,
twins ; akin to tiel- two.] 1. Being one of two bom at a
birth. 2. Being one of a pair much resembling one an-
other. 3. Double ; consisting of two similar and corre-
sponding parts. '— n. 1. One of two produced at a birth.
2. pi. A sign and constellatioo of the zodiac ; Oemiui.
3. A person or thing closely resembling another.
Twine (twin), n. [AS. /trfn, prop., a twisted or dou-
ble thread; fr. twi-. See Twice and Twix.] 1. A twist;
convolution. 2. Strong thread composed of strandt
twisted together ; small cord or string. 3. A twining or
winding round. — f . /. L To twist together ; to wreathe.
2. To wind. 3. To embrace: to entwine.— r. <. X. To
become mutually involved. 2. To wind ; to bend. 3. To
climb spirally about a support.
Twinge (twTnj), r. /. [AS. twengan; akin toPffn to
press.] 1. To pull with a twitch ; to pinch. 2. To affect
with a sharp, sudden pain ; to torment with phichldg
pahis. *-• r. i. To have a sudden, sharp, local pain. — n.
1. A tweak ; twitch. 2. A sudden, sharp pain.
Twlnlde (twTQ'kU), r. i. [AS. twincllan ; perh. akin
to E. ticitch."] 1. To open and shut the eye rapidly ; tO
blink ; to wink. 2. To shine with an intermitted light ;
to sparkle ; to scintillate. — n. 1. A quick closing or
opening of the eye ; wink : sparkle of the eye. 2. A brief
flash or gleam. 3. The time of a wink ; a twinkling.
Twlnlling (twTnndTnff), n. 1. Quick movement of
the eye ; wink ; twinkle. 2. A scintillation ; a sparkling.
3. The time of a wink ; moment ; instant.
TwM (twSrI), V. t. & i. [AS. J>wiril a chum Itaff.
stirrftr, flail, pweran to agitate, twirl.] To tum touM
rapidly ; to whirl round. — n. 1. A twirling ; rapid cir-
cuhr motion ; whirl. 2 A twist ; convolution.
Twist (twTst), V. t. &u [AS. twist a rope, as made
of two (twisted) strands, fr. twi- two.] 1. To contort;
to writhe ; to convolve. 2. To pervert 3. To wind ; to
encircle. 4. To unite by winding one thread, etc., round
another. 6. To form (filaments) into a thread. •-> n. 1. A
twisting ; contortion ; convolution. 2^ That which la
formed by twisting or uniting parts. — Twlst'er, n.
Twit (twTt), V. t. [AS. trtirUan to reproach ; $et at
+ trTMn to blanie.] To vex by bringing to noUoe, or
reminding of, a fault, misfortune, etc. ; to taunt
Twlt(£ (twTch), r. /. [LO. twikken to tweU.] Tto
pull with a sudden jerk ; to pluck ; to snatch, '—n. 1. A
twitching ; a short, sudden, quick pull. 2. Short con-
trnrfion of the fihern or muscles.
Twl''ter(twTft^r),n. One who twit* ; an npbratder.
Twlt'ter, r. i. flrnititlve origin ; cf. TriTBB.] 1. To
make a succession of small, tremulous, intermitted ttoliea.
fgm, recent, 6rb| ryde, fyll, fim* fdbd, f<jbt, out, oil, chair, go, sing, ink, then, tllla.
TWO
602
TYRANNY
8. To titter ; to giggle. 3. To bare a slight trembliug
of the nervea ; to be agitated. «> n. 1. A twittering ; a
■mall, tremulous, intermitted noise. 2. A half-sappressed
lauffh ; titter ; giggle. 3. A slight agitation of the nerves.
Two (to5), a. [AS. /tea, fern. & ueut. (wegen, masc.,
ffi, neut. ; akin to O. zwei^ Ir. & Gael, da, L. t/uo, Gr.
6vo, Skr. dva,} One and one ; twice one. — n. 1. Num-
ber next greater than one ; two units or objects. 2. Sym-
bol representing two units, as 2, II.. or ii.
In two, asunder ; into two parts : in halves ; in twain.
Two'-OdMd' (toS^jd'), a. Having two edges, or
edges on both sides.
Twofold' (-fSldO, a. Double; duplicate; multiplied
by two. -'Odv. In a double dwree ; doubly.
Two'-hand'Od, a. 1. Having two hands. 2. Used
with both hands. 3. Using either hand equally well.
Two^ponoo (tS^pSns or tUp'ras), n. A small coin,
and money of account, in England, worth two pennies.
Two^pon-ny (tS&'pSn-nj^ or tfip^n-ny), a. Worth
twopence.
Two'-piy {UR/pW), a. 1. Consisting of two thick-
nesses, as cloth ; double. 2. Woven double.
Ty-OOOn' (tt-kS&n'). n . [Chinese taukun great prince. ]
Title by which the shogun, or former commander in
chief of the Japanese army, was known to foreigners.
Tyke (tlk), n. Tike ; cur.
Tym'bal (tTmnwl), n. [P. UmbnU, Sp. timbal ; cf .
ataoal; prob. of Arabic origin.] A kind of kettledrum.
Tym'iMUi (-pan), n. [P., fr. L. tympanum^ kettle-
drum, panel of a door.] 1. A panel ; tympanum. 2.
Prame on which blank sneets are put for printing.
Tym'pa-lllim (-p4.ntim), n. ; pi. E. Ttmpanumb
(-nOuu), L. Tympana (-n4). [L., kettledrum, drum or
wheel in mnchines, triangular area in a pediment, panel
of a door, Gr. rv^jtiravor, fr. rvrrrtiy to strike.] 1. The
ear drum, or middle ear. See Ear. 2. (a) The recessed
face of a pediment, usually a triangular table, {b) Space
within an arch, and above a lintel or a subordinate arch,
spanning the openinir below the arch.
Type (tip)« n. [P. ; fr. L. tvpns figure, image, type,
character, Gr. rviroc mark of a blow, impression, model,
fr. root of TvnT9iv to strike.] 1. Mark or impression of
snmething ; stamp ; emblem. 2. Style ; semblance. 3.
Pigure of something to come ; token ; sign ; symbol ; —
correl. to antitype. 4. That which exemplifies charac-
teristic qualities ; general form or structure common to a
number of individuals ; animal or plant exemplifying the
essential characteristics of a species, genus, or other
group ; design on the face of a medal or coin ;
a simple chemical compound, used as a model
to which other compounds are related. 6.
(a) A raised letter, flgure,or other character,
cast in metal or cut in wood, used in printing.
(6) Such characters collectively.
53^ The type which compose an ordinary
book font consist of Roman CAPITALS,
SMALL CAprrALs, and lower-case letters, and
Itnhc CAPITALS, and lower-case letters,
with accompanying figures, points, and ref-
erence marks, — in all about 200 characters.
Including the various styles of fancy type,
M>me 300 or 40o varieties of face are made.
Besides the ordinary Roman and Italic^ some
of tlie most important of the varieties are —
Old Style.
Bold&ce.
Clarendon.
Typewriter.
Metal Type.
3BIac& letter.
French Elzevir.
Antique.
Gothic.
The following alphabets show the different sixes up to
great primer.
BriUiant .
Diamond .
Pearl. . .
Agate . .
Nonpareil .
Minion . .
Brevier . .
Bourgeois .
Long primer
Small pica .
Pica . .
BngUsh.
ColumUan. .
Great primer.
, ftb.d.fgfalJkltBDopqntuTwxyB
, sbcdefghijklmnopqntuvwzjrs
, abcdefghijklnmopqrstavwxys
. abcdefgbijklmnopqrstuTwxyz
. abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxvz
. abcdefghijklmnopqrstaTwxyz
, abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
• abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwx
. abcdefghijklmnopqrstuv
abcdefghijklmnopqrs
abcdefghijklmno
abcdefghijklmn
, one who casts or manufactures type. —
Tjrps
Type fooadry, Tjrps foimdsry, place for manufacturing tsrpe.
— Typs metal, an slloy used in making type, stereotype
plates, etc.
Type'Mt'tMr (-e«taSr), n. One who, or that which,
sets type ; compositor ; machine for setting type.
Type'WXlt'er (-rit^r), n. 1. Instrument for writing
by means of type, which give printed impressions of the
characters upon paper. 2. One who uses such an instru-
ment, [sion made with a typewriter. |
Typo^nrrtt'lllf , n. The using a typewriter : impres-|
Ty'^dd (ti'foid), a, \'"yphM-^-oid.'\ Pert, to, or
liJfp, typliii" : r.f -> »-'^- -nn^r hVr tvphiifk
Typhoid faver. eonloimdecl w ikh ty-
{►lnj^, lull rK*,»ii ;.-. . ft is rU«r^i?lfr]fed by
e\i"r, liijirrljri'ji, ^^tiistiijiiuiiT iuid iiitiftOulardeLiiluy. Its
virus, nr ro]itai;tiita, ih emiipowNJ to bp * tiiirrcw^-'pii! vege-
tal i (e ore Hi I kiwu , (ir >jacteriii □] . C si l*-^ ulso i titfn * ferer.
TT-phoOli' \\\ i r^W \n. \, Kf. ttifaH K\ ^oleii t fttorm ;
pioii, ii. Or. Tt^* wliirlwiu ] ; or perh^ fr. Cbiw. Vai-
fv'if ;i r'vrlMtiic^ hIik1.] A vrL5U*nt wlitrlHiodi
Tv?ht|« fti'fn*K " [NX-, ff- CJr. T^^*: i^moke,
cl ,, .. .por Irkiiii ii-iur.] A k?otjtajriDiiBCLiaUMLj,t:<.l fever
lasting from two to three weeks, with great prostration
and cerebral disorder, and eruption of red spots upon the
body. Also called jml /ever, famine ferer ^ putrid ferer ^
tpot ted ferer, etc. — Ty^lllOIUI (-ffis), a.
Typio (tTplk), TryUi-Wl (-T kal), a. [L. typievs.
Or. Tvs-uc6«, fr. tvwo? type.] 1. Of the nature of a type ;
emblematic. 2. Combining the essential characteristics
of a group. — TyptO-Al-ly, adv. — Typ^c-«l-r
TyiJl-fy (-f»)', '♦•• /• To represent "by a type, image,
form, model, or resemblance.
Ty-pog'Xm-lllMr (tt-pSg'ri-fSr or tT-), n. A printer.
Ty-pM^-^y (tt-pVrA-ij? or tl-), n. {Type +
-graphy.] Art of printing with types ; use of types to
produce impressions on paper, vellum, etc. — Ty'po-
gnvlbfUi (ti'pA-grSfak or tTp'6-), Ty'po-gim]>h1o^
(-T-krti), a. — Ty'po-gnptalc-al-ly, adv.
Ty-nm'bto (tt-r«n'nTk), \ a. Pert, to, or like, a ty-
Ty-ran'nlO-al (-nT-kol), l rant; unjustly severe;
despotic ; cruel ; arbitrary. — Ty-zva'&lc-al-ly, adr.
Ty-ntnlU-Glte (-nT-sin), n. [L. tyrannieidium the
killing of a tyrant, tvrannicida killer of a tyrant ; iyran-
nm tyrant -f eaedere to kill.] 1. The killing a tyrant.
2. One who kills a tyrant.
T3rr'ail-llSM(tTr'ffn-uiz), v. t. [Or. Tvp»vtV«(v] To
act the tyrant ; to rule oppressively.— v. /. To oppress.
Tyr'an-nou (-nBs), a. Tyrannical; despotic
Tyr'an-ny (-n^), ». 1. Oovemment or authority of
», 8, 1, 5, a, long ; 1^ £, 1, 5, ft, f, short ; senlUe, ^veot, tdea, 6bey, finite, cAre, ilrm, Aak, {Ul, flool.
TYRANT
603
UMBRA
a ^mmt ; couutry gorerned Mr an absolute ruler ; dee-
potic exerdae of power. 2. Croel government or diaci-
pUne. 3. Severity; rigor.
Tyfnuit (ti'ront), n. [Or. rvparKoc, orig., an abaolnte
Borereign, afterwarda, a cruel ruler.] 1. An abaolnte
ruler; uaurper of aorereignty. 2. Honarohf ruler, or
maater, who uaea power to oppreea bla aubjecta ; cruel
nuuter ; oppreaaor. 3. An American clamatorial bird of
great irritabilityt pugnacity, and courage. The kingbird
and pewee are familiar examplea.
Tyrl^n (tTrT-on), a. 1. Pert, to Tyre or ita people.
2. Being of the oolor called Tyrian purple, ^n.
tire of lyre.
Ana.
Tyrian pvpk, or Trrlaa dya, a celebrated purple dye
prepared in ancient Tyre from aeveral molluaka.
Tf'ro (tl'rd), n. [L. tiro newly-levied soldier, be-
ginner.] A beginner in learning ; one in the rudimenta
of any atady ; novice. [Written alao tiroA
TnrJiKr), n. The cxar, or emperor ofSuaaia.
THI-flltA (zii-r6'n4), ) n. The csarina, or empreii of
Tn-fttlAC-rTfai), \ Buaaia.
" * (a«fa«),n. Taetae.
U.
U-Mq^-U-ry (tt-bTk'wT-ti-rt), U-tokfnl-toiu (-t&a),
a, [L. ubique evervwhere.] £xi«ting everywhere at
the same time ; omnipresent.
U-UQ'lli-tyt n, [L. ubique everywhere, fr. ubi where.]
Existence everywhere at the same time ; omnipresence.
Ud'dor (Qd'dir), n. [AS. Oder ; akin to L. uber. Or.
oS0(u» fruitful.] Oland of cows and other quadrupeda
in which milk is secreted. [A rain gauge. I
U-dom'e-ter (tt-d5m'^tSr),n. [h.udia wet+ -meter.'] \
Ufl7 (Bg^y), a. [Icel. uggiigr fearful, dreadful;
iipgrr fear -f -Hgr (akin to E. -/y, /i^e).1 1. Offensive
to the eight ; repulsive ; deformed. 2. Ill-natured ;
quarrelaome. IColloq. U. S.^ 3. Unpleasant; likely
to cause trouble or loss. [ColloqA — Ug^-ness* n.
UhlAB, Ulan (u'lftn; G. 65>lan), n. [0. uhlan; of
Tartar origin.] 1. One of a Tartar militia. 2. One of
a light cavalry of Poland and Eastern Europe ; lancer.
U-kasa' (tt-kSs'), n. [P., fr. Buaa. uka*^ ; pref. u- +
hazaie to say.] A Bussian edict. [aore. I
Ul'oar (ttl'sSr), n. [L. tilctM, ulceri$.'\ A running |
Ul'oar-ata, r. t. To become ulcerous, —v. t. To af-
fect with ulcers. — Ul'o«r-atlmi« n. — Ul'oar-oiis, a. —
Pl'ow oni nan, n.
Ullaga (-Uj ; 2), n. [OP. euUage, ouUlage, the fill-
S; up a cask, fr. ouUlier to fill a wiue cask ; prop., to
d oil to preveut evaporation, fr. oUe oil.] Amount
which a cask lacks of being full ; deficiency. [elms. I
II Ul'miia (-mOs), n. [L.] Oenus of trees including |
II Ullia (-n4), n. [L., elbow.] Posterior bone of the
forearm, or brachium. — Ul'nar (-nSr), a.
Ul'atar (-stSr), fi. Long, loose overcoat, for men and
women, orig. made of frieze from UUter^ Ireland.
Ul-ta'rl-ar (-tyrl-Sr), «. [L., comp. of uitroj uliro,
bevond.] 1. Situated beyond, or on the farther side ;
thither. 2. Further ; more distant ; succeeding.
II Ulti-llia (tUaT-m4), a. [L., fern, of ultimus last.]
Host remote ; final ; last. — n. Lost syllable of a word.
Ul'tl-mata (-mftt), a. [LL. ultimatu*, fr. L. uUimare
to end, fr. ultimus.^ 1. Farthest ; most remote ; ex-
treme ; final. 2. Last in a train of progression or con-
aequenoes; arrived at as the last result. 3. Incapable
of further analysis ; constitueut ; elemental.
8yn. — Final ; conclusive. See Fwal.
Ul'ti-matO-lj, adv. As a final consequence ; at last.
II Ul'tt-ma'tlim (-mi'tfim), n. [NL.] A final propoei-
tion, concession, or condition; final terms offered by
either of the parties in a diplomatic negotiation.
llUl^-mo (-mft). [L. ultimo {mense) in the last
month.] In the month preceding the present ; as, on
the 1st ultimo ; — usually abbr. ult.
Ul'tim (-trA), a. [L., beyond.] Going bey^id others,
or beyond due limit ; extreme * fanatical. ^ n. One who
advocates extreme measures ; an extremist ; radical.
Ul'tn-lsm (-Ts*m), fi. Advocacy of extreme measures.
Ul'tra-ma-lllia' (-mA-rSn'), a. [Pref. ultra- -f ma-
rine.} Situated beyond the sea. — n. [Sp. ullramarino ;
•— the lapla lazuli having been brought from beyond the
To
sea, — from Aaia.] A blue {rfgment formerliy obtained
by_ppwdering lapis lazuli.
Ul^tim-IIIOIllaiia (fil^tri-mSn'tftn), a. [LL. uUramon-
tonus; L. ultra -f- montanu* pert, to a mountain, fr.
tnofw, moniiif mountain.] Being beyond the mountaina ;
being beyond the Alpa. «■ n. 1. One who reaidea bevond
the mountaina, esp. beyond the Alps ; a foreigner. 2. An
extremiat in favoring the pope's supremacy.
Ul'tim-manla-lllani (-ti-nlz^m), n. Principlea of Bo-
man Catholic advocatea of the pope's supremacy.
Ul'tra-mttn'daiia (-mlin'din), a. [L. ultramundanu*,]
Being beyond the world, or the limits of our system.
II in'^-ia (-tk-14), n. lL.1 a genus of owls.
Ul'^-lata, V. i, [L. ululare^ -latum^ to shriek.]
howl, as a dog or wolf , to wail. — Ul'll-latloil, n.
UOl'Ml (ama)«), n. [L. umMla a Uttle shadow,
brella, dim. of umfrra ahade.] A flower ^^ .^
cluster in which the flower stalka ra-
diate from a common point, aa in the
carrot and milkweed.
DlmlMl-lar (-ISr), a. P«rt. to, or
formed like, an umbel.
UmnMl-lata (-bSI-ltt), \a, Bear-
UmOMl-U'tad (-li'tM), / ing um.
bela ; pert, to an umbel ; umbel-like.
UmlMl-lirar-oiia MTf^r-tU), a.
{Umbel -f- -ferousJ] \a) Producing
umbels. (6) Pert, to a natural order of
plants, including the panlev, carrot, parsnip, and fenneL
UmlMr (tim'Mr), n. [F. ombre ocherous ore of iron,
terre tTombre earth of shade, L. umbra shadow, shade.]
1. Brown pigment obtained from clays colored by oxidea
of iron and manganese. 2. An African wading bird al-
lied to the storks and herons.
It is dull dusky brown, and
haa a large occipital orest.
«>a. Pert, to, or like, um-
ber ; olive-brown ; dark ;
dusky. — . r. f. To c o 1 or
with umber ; to darken.
II Um'lli-U'oiia (fim'bMP.
kOs), n. [L.1 1. The na-
vel, or mark, in the median
line of the id>domen, at the
point where the umbilical
cord separated from the fe-
tus. 2. Hilum of a seed. —
UmMPlo (fim-bTl'Tk), UkB.
WIlMa (-T-krtl), a.
Umntlaa (Rm'bMz). n. pL
[F. nomble*^ fr. L. lunUjU'
hUf dim. of lumbus loin.]
Entrails and coarser parte of
a deer. [Written alao hum-
bU4.2
II UmOira (-bri). n. [L.,
a shadow.] (a) The conical shadow projected from a
Umber (Scopiu umbrttta').
fSm, recent, Orb, ryde, fyll, Om* food, fcR»t, out, oU, ehair, (o, ains, ink, then, ^i»fa»-
UMBRAGE
604
UNBIAS
pbaet or aatelllte, on the sfda oppcwlte to the sun, within
wh'"*- *-^oT couJd XT' no portion of the aun's disk ;
-i .i i^f ri >i I t,t, fit. ^^M Central dark portion, or
uuult^ua, ot .1 riLiiL «^iH>t- (c) Ji^nlnter part of % sun spot ;
— coitiinoiily csTJ*»il pffiMmbTfi.
iTmliracs i ^lu '^i' i rt j ; v ^ » , [F. ombrage shade, suspi-
t^Qtif iitubrane, L. ttmtim,) L. Shade; obscurity; tliat
which aJSoTiU ulijvle. 2^ Thi- leeliug of being overshad-
owf^tl ; su«jiJ-Hrtn of injury or u rong ; resentment.
Um bra'i^oaB i i^ri^jfl^^), r^ . Affording shade ; shady ;
■ha* [ ' . L —Urn bra ^geo ua-lidaA, n.
Um brerta i in'^ruik i* Ut. ombrella, fr. oni&ra
■hAdis L. •'.iMi^r^j. L. Ttt'fi.ffii a sunshade, parasol.] 1.
Bcr«ou carried iu tJiu JjuulI tu »Jielter the person from the
rays of the sun, or from rain or snow.
II Umlailt (SomHout), n. [O., fr. urn about + laui
•oundj Euphonic modiflcatiou of a root vowel sound by
the influence of a, i, or u in the succeeding syllable. It is
peculiar to Teutonic languages, and was common in Anglo-
Baxon. In German the umlauted vowels are a, o, u, writ-
ten either a, d, ii^ or a«, oe, ue ; as, manner or maenner^
man, from mann^ man. Forms resulting from umlaut in
KogUsh are geete pi. of goose, men pi. of man, etc.
Um'pl-nica (Qm'pT-rftJ or -pir-tj ; 2), ft. 1. Office of
an umpire ; power or autliority of an umpire to decide.
8. An umpinng ; arbitrameut.
Un'pb^ (-ptr), n. [OE. nomptre, fr. OF. nomper
uneven, i. e., third person ; tton not -|- P^ even, equal,
peer; cf. L. impar uneven.] One appointed to decide a
question between parties ; one chosen to see tliat the rules
of a game are observed, -^v. t &i. To arbitrate.
Sjn. — Judge ; arbitrator ; referee. See Jddob.
Un-. [AS. UI1-, on-, unaccented form of the accented
prefix nnd'A An inseparable verbal prefix or particle.
It is prefixed : (a) To verbs to exnress the contrary, and
not the simple negative, of the action of the verb to which
ft la prefixed ; asm unbend, undo. (6) To nouns to form
Terbt expressing privation of the thing or state expressed
by the noun, or separation from it ; as In unoliild, t/nsex.
Boroetimes participles and participial adjectives formed
with this prefix coincide in form with compounds of tlie
negative prefix un- (see 2d Un-) ; as In undone (from
undo), meaning unfastened, ruined : and tmdone (from
2d un- and done) meaning not finlMhed. Un- is sometimes
~ \ with an intensive force mert-lv ; as In unloose.
Ita-. FAS. un- ; akin to 08., OHO., &, O. un-, L. in-^
Or. Ai'-, *-.] An hiseparable prefix, or particle, signify-
ing no/; in-;non-. In- is prefixed mostly to words of
Latin origin ; un- is of wider application, and U attached
to almost any adjective, or participl(^ uHed adjectively,
or adverb, from which It may be desired to form a cor-
responding negative adjective or adverb, and Is also pre-
fixed to nouns. 1. Un- Is prefixed to adjectives, or to
words used adjectively. Specifically : — (n\ To ad jectlves,
to denote the abs«»nce of tlie quality designated by the
adjective (as, unnUownbte, wweongminl , wngrnmnwticnl,
etc.). {b) To past partloiplns, or to atljectives formed
after the analogy of past pnrt*''ip1es, to indicate the nb-
■ence of the condlMon expres-/ I hy them (as, xmarceitted,
uabiated, wndecided, wnglorrd^ xxnttpoken^ nwr nrrnnfe<f).
(e) To present particlplHs which couin from intranftitivn
Terbs, or are themselves employed as adjunctives, to mark
the absence of tlie activity, dispoKi*^^ion, or condition im-
plied hv th«» participle (m, wnarai/ing, nupfij/ing, un-
yielding). Wonis thus form«>d are not mven in this
▼ocabunry except when they have acquired an opposing
or contrary, Instead of a m<»r*»ly nejrative, meaning ; or
else an intensive sense mnr«* than a prefixed not would
express ; or h»«vA the value of Independent words ; or
are used In a different sense from the usual meaning of
the primitive ; or are so fnmiliarly used thnt they are
hardly felt to be of nejratlve oriein. 2. Un- is prefixed
to nouns fn express th*" alisenee n', />r tli" eontr Ty of,
that which the noun signifies; as, unbelief, untruth, etc.
Un-ftOlto (fin-i'b'l), a. Not able ; ^ ^,
nn'a-brlficed' (Qu'A-brTjdO, a. Not abrUged, or
shortened ; lull ; complete ; entire ; whole.
Un'ao-Mpl'ft-bto (-ik-sSpt^A-bM), a. Not acceptable ;
not welcome ; disagreeable ; displeaaing ; ofiTenaive.
Un'aa-OOm'&UUMA (-kOm^pUsht), a. Rot acoooi.
plinhed ; unfiniBhed ; also, deficient in acoompUahmenta.
Un^MHMmilf a-Ue (-kount'*-bU), a. 1. Not account-
able or responsible ; free from control. 2. Not to be
aocomited for ; inexplicable ; mysterious. — Ufl'ao -
OOimt'ft-UT, adv. [advisable ; inexpedimit. I
Un'ad-Vto'a-Illo (-Id-Tlz'A-bn), o. Not advisable ; in- 1
Un'ad-TlMd' (-vixdO, a. 1. Not prudent ; Ul advised.
2. Done without due consideration; wanton; ra^u— Ub'-
ad-Tls'od-ly (vis'Sd-ij^), adv. ~ Un'ad-Tte'ed-iiMi, n.
Un'af-leot'ed (-U-fSkfM), a. l. Not affected or
moved ; destitute of affection or emotion ; uninfluenced.
2. Free from affectation ; simple ^atural ; siooere ; geo-
uhie. — Uii'af-foorad-lT, a<f r. — Un'tMeot'td-iitM, fl.
Un^al-Iosrad' (-<l-loidQ, a. Not alloyed ; unmixed ;
unqualified ; pure. troM ; ill-natui«d ; repulsive. I
Un-ftlnl-A-Dlo (fin-I^T-A-bn), a. Not amiable; mo- 1
U-nanl-mona ( tt-nln^-mtts), a. [L. unanimut ; unus
one -|- animut mind.] 1. Being of one mind ; agreeing ;
harmonious. 2. Formed with unanimity ; having the
affreement and consent of all.— U-lUUl1-lll0a9-ly,<NfP.—
U-IUIll-niOllS-BeBS, U'lUI-Bj|Bl-ty (u^nA-nTma-tJ^), n.
Un-tn'SWOr-A-ble (fin-In's2r-A-bU), o. Not answer-
able; irrefuUble; decisive. ~ UB-«ll'gwer-«-Uy, fftfr.
Un-apt' (-XptO, a. 1. Inapt ; slow ; dull. %. Unsuit-
able ; unfit. 9. Not accustomed and not likely ; not di*-
posed. — nn-AVtly, adv.
nn'aa-snmiiif (fin^Ks-eVin^ng), a. Not
not bold or forward ; humble ; modest.
U-nan' (tt-uftOf »• [BrazUian.] The two-toed sloth of
South America.
nB'a-Told'a-blo(«n/-
A-vold'A-b'l), a. 1. Not
avoidable ; inevitable ;
necessary. 2. Not le-
ffally voidable; incapa-
ble of being made null
or void. — nn'A-voll'a-
Ue-neM. n. — Un'g-
▼old'a-bly, adv.
Un'a-waro' (-wtr'),
a. Not aware ; inatten-
tive.
Unsu.
Un'a-warw' (-wftrzO, adv. Without design or prep-
aration ; suddenly ; unexpectedly.
Un-bal'tnoed (-bXl'anst), a. \. Not balanced ; having
no suflRcicnt counterpoise. 2. Not adjusted ; not brought
to an equality of debt and credit. 3. Being out of equi-
librium ; disordered or deranged ; unsteady ; unsound.
Un-lMir' (-bar'), v. t. To remove bars from ; to un-
bolt ; to open. rtinfit ; indecorous ; improper. I
Ull'1>e-00lll1llf (-bl-kOmTncr), a. Not becoming;!
UB^be-knowir (-nSi/), a. Not known. {Colloq."]
nn'be-Uor (-15r')< ». 1- The witiiholding of belief;
doubt ; skeptirifiin 2. Disbelief, esp. of divine revelation.
Ryn. — See Disbelibp.
UB'be-lley'or (•ISv'Sr), %. 1. One who does not be>
lieve; Incrednlons person; skertie. 2. A disbeliever;
infidel ; freethinker. — Ull'b^-lWT'llIf » a*
8yn. — See Inpidkl.
Un-banl' (-Mud'), v t. 1. To free from flexure ; to
mak**. or allow to become, straight ; to loosen. 2. 'x*o re-
mit from a strain ; to relax. 3. (a) To nnfasten (sails)
from the spars or stays to which they are attached for use.
(6) To oast loose or untie (a rope).
un-bondlng, a. 1. Not bending; not yielding to
prewure ; stilT. 2. Unyielding in will : inflexible ; tea*
ointi*. 3. Uiiv'eldinsr In n'»ture ; unchangeable ; fixed.
Un-bl'AS (-' Va ), r. t. To free from hies or prejudice.
H, B, 1, 8, a, long : H, «, f , A, n, f, short ; senNte, d vent, tdea, ftbey, Onlte, o4re, linn, Aak, ||11, final.
UNBIND
605
UNDERGK)
ini.Mld^(Bii^IndO»t.t [AB-tniMfidim.] Totmaof
ft bftod from ; to wt free ; to nnfftetiiwi ; to looee.
Ull-ttlm1alM4 (-bllmaabt), a. Not blemished ; pure.
Un'Mlf (-bSlt^), V. /. To rvMUOTe a bolt from ; to un-
futen ; to unbar ; to opeu. [future. I
UA-bon' (-bOm'), a. Not bom ; still to appear : |
Un-bOS'dni (-bdei^Qm)* p. t. To disclose freely ; to re-
Teal (secrets) in confidence ; to confess.
Un-tolBd'ad (-bound'Sd), a. Having no bound or
limit; unlimited.
Un-tarald' (-brid'), V. /. To separate the strands of ;
to undo (a braid) ; to unrarel ; to disentangle.
Un-Wdlt (-bri'd'!), V. /. To free from the bridle ;
to set loose. [restrained; licentious.!
Un-brl'dltd (-d'ld), a. Loosed from the bridle ; un- 1
Ull'toO'kM (•brO'k^n), a. Not broken ; continuous ;
muubdued. [den; to unload. I
Un-bnr'dM (-btitrM^n), v. /. To relieve from a bur-|
Un^alltd'-lor (•kf^d^lOr^), a. Not caUed for ; not
required ; gratuitous ; wanton. [ghotttl v. I
UOHMuifBT (-kin'njh* a. Not canny ; strange ; weird ; |
UA-Otr'UlA (-aSr'tin), a, 1. Not oertain ; not as-
•ured in mind; dlstrustfuL 2. Irresolute; variable;
untrustworthy. 3. Questionable ; equivocal ; iudefiuite.
4. Not sure ; fallible. — Un-OMr'tAill-ly, adv.
Srn. — See Prbcabious.
tm^MT'lAln-tyf n. 1. A being uncertain. 9. That
which U uncertain ; something unknown.
ITnoHiiH* (-chin'), v. /. To free from chains or
slavery ; to let loose. [harsh ; censorious. I
Ua-Okar 1-U-Ue (-chir^-tA-b*l), a. Not chariUble ; |
Un-dlAStt' (-chSaf), a. Not chaste ; not continent ;
lewd. — Qa-oliasta'iieM, Uli-oliM'tl-ty (-chSViT-tj^), n.
Un-CkrlA'tlaa (-kris'chau), a. 1. Not Christian ; in-
fldeL 8. Not befitting a Ohristian.
Un-OhWOll' (-chQrch'), v. t. 1. To expel from a
church ; to excommunicate. %. To deprive of the char-
acter and authority of a church.
UafolAl (ttn'shal), a. [L. uneialU amounting to the
^Hpl^JSI^ -noH K&aetnus Helena
?"S^^ »^«» c*cs*^ne<r>
ft ponmdor of Uncial Letters from s LsUn Bible.
ft foot, ounce, inch.] Pert, to ft stvle of letters used in
ftncient manuscripts. «> n. An uncial letter.
Un-OlT'll (-sTvOl), a. 1. Not civilised; barbarous.
% Not civil; impolite; rude. — Ub-cIt'U-It, adv.
Un-dT^Uatd (-sTva-lizd). a. Not civilixed ; not re-
claimed from savage life ; rude ; barbarous ; savage.
Un-Olasp' (•kli^p'), r. t. To looee the clasp of ; to
open (something fastened with a clasp).
Un'olt (Qu'kU)f n. [OF. onclt^ unele^ fr. L. avuneubi*
nncle, dim. of avut grandfather.] 1. Brotlier of one's
father or mother. 2. A pawnbroker. [Slnng^
Un-cUtn' (On-kien'), a. FAS. unclmnf.) 1. Not
clean; foul; dirty; filthy. 2. Ceremonially impure.
3. Morally impure. — Un-oltUl'liMS, n.
Us-OlOM' (-klSzO, v.t.&L 1. To open ; to separate
the parts of. 2. To disclose ; to reveal.
Ua-oanfOlt-A-llto (•k«ro'f8rt-A-bM), n. 1. Peeling
diBC<nnfort ; uneasy. 2. Causing discomfort ; disagree-
able ; unpleasant. ~ UB-OQaitoit-ft-Uy, <uf p.
Ub-OOOI'BIOII (-k5m'mttn)f a. Not common ; unusual ;
rare ; remarkable ; stranoe. — Un-OOin'nMm-ly, adv.
Bjn* — Raret scarce; infrequent; unwonted.
UB-OOB^prO-ml^SllIf (-prft-ml'slng), n. Not admlt-
ting of compromise ; making no oonnessions ; unyielding.
Ma^OOaoem^ (-kOn-iiSm'), n. Want of concern ; ab-
seaoa of anxiety ; freedom from solicitude ; iuditference.
na'OOa'>IMnMd' (-sSmd'), n. Not concerned ; not
antious ; oarelmsly secure ; indifferent. — Un'OOB^tm'-
ediy (-amOM-iy), mft.
1hl'on41ltiOfrAl(fis'k9o^ihmiwa),a. Kotoondi.
tioual, limited, or conditioned ; made without oondltloiM ;
absolute ; unreserved. — Ua'OOB-dlllOe-al-ty, adv.
Ua-ooa'sdOB-A-ble (-kSu'shfin-i-bU), a. Not con-
scionable ; not couformingto reason ; uureaaonable ; In-
ordinate ; extravagant. — ua-€Oa'MBOa-a-llly, adV,
Un-ooa'MlolUI 7-sh(is), a. X. Not conscious ; hftvl
no power of uieutal perception ; not knowing or rega
ing: ignorant. 2. Not apprehended by conscionsneti.
— - ua-ooa'ioknuhly, adv. — Un-ooa'sokNia-atM, m.
Un-OOn'nl-ta'tloa-al (-stT-tQ'shdn-al), a. Not con-
stitutional ; not couststeut with the terms of ft constitu-
tion of government. — Un-MB'ttl-tatlOB-al-ly, adv.
Un^ooB-trtlla-ttle (fiu^kSu-trSi'iA-bU), a. Incapable
of being controlled; ungovernable; Irresistible. — UB'-
oaa-tnula-lily, adv.
Ua'ooa-yan'ed (-vSrt^), a. 1. Not converted or
exchanged. 2. Not changed in opinion or faith, (o)
Not persuaded of the truth of the Christian religion ;
heathenish. (Jb) Unregenerate ; impenitent.
Ua-ooa'^ (-ktlp^U), V. t. To loose (dogs, etc.) ftotn
their couples ; to set loose : to disconnect ; to disjoin.
Un-ooaUl' (-k55tli'), a. [AS. uncaS strange ; nil H- e^ff
known, p. p. of cunnmt to kuow.] Unfamiliar ; ttrftnge ;
odd; awkward; booriah. — Ua-COttUlly, (ufv.
S/n. — See Awewako.
Un-ooT'er (-kQv'tr), v. I. 1. To take the cover ttom,
2. To show openly ; to reveal. 3. To divest Of the hat ;
to bare the head of.^v. i. 1. To take off the hat or
cap. 2. To remove tlie covers from dishes, etc.
IFaotlon (Oyk'ahOu), n. [OP. omr/ion, fr. L. uneHo,
fr. ungere^ unctum^ to snoint.] 1. An anointing or rub-
bing with an imguent, oil, or ointment, esp. for medical
purposes, or as a symbol of consecration. 2. An oint-
ment ; anything soothing or lenitive. 3. Quality In
language which excites emotion; religious tendemesa;
simulated or unnatural fervor.
Uao'tn-OlUI (-td-Bs; 40), a. [P. onclueut^ fr. L.
unctu* anointment, f r. ungere.^ 1. Like an unguent or
ointment ; fatty ; oily ; greasy. 2. Bland ; suave ; ten-
der ; fervid ; insincerely suave or fervid. — OaotB-MS-
aess, Uao'tn-oal-ty (-S^T-tt), n. [dued by fear. I
Un-dAOnt'ed (On-dttut'Sd ), a. Not daunted i not sub- 1
Syn. — Bold; fearless; brave; courageous; Intrepid.
Ua-d«c'a-f oa (-dSk'4-g6n), n. [L. undeeim eleven -)-
Gr. yuvU an angle.] Oeometrical figure having eleven
angles and eleven sides. [fraud, fallacy, or mistake. |
UB'de-Otlvt' (-d*-e8v0« V- 1' To free from deception, |
Ua'de-ai'a-Ue (-ni'A-bn). a. 1. Not denUble; pal-
pably true ; Indisputable. 2. Unobjectionable ; unqttftft-
tionabty excellent. [CO//09.] — Ua'de-ai'A-bly, adv.
Ua'der (-dSr), prep. [AS., prep. & adv. ; akin to 0.
unter^ L. infra below, inferior lower.] 1. Lower than ;
beneath ; below. 2. In a state of subjection or Inferi-
ority ; less than. «— <i<fr. In a lower, or subordinate, con-
dition ; in subjection, —a. Lower in position. Intensity,
rank, or degree ; subject ; subordinate.
Ua'der-bld' (On'dSrbTdO, V. t. To bid leas than ; to
offer to contract, nell, or Ho for a less price than.
Ua'der-bmall^ (Qn'dSr-brQsbO^ n- Shrubs, small trees,
etc., growing beneath lanre trees; undergrowth.
Ua'dflr-olOthM' (-klStfas' or -klSzM, n. pi. Clothes
worn under others, or worn next the sfcin for warmth.
Ua'dMr-oar^reat (-kfir^rent), n. 1. Current below the
surface of water, sometimes ttowlnff In a contrary direc-
tion to that on the surface. 2. Tendency of feeling,
opinion, etc., contrary to what Is publicly shown ; unseen
influence or tendency. [uisite ; to cook InsufBciently. I
Ull'der-do' (-dSoO, v. i. & t. To do less than Is req-i
Ua'der-dnla' (Qn'dZr-drinO, n. An undergronnd
drain, to carry off water from the ground above.
Ua^der-drala' (&nM8r-drSn'), v. t. To drain by form-
lufr underdrains in.
UB'd«r-ffO' (-gSOt t". /. limp. Utrnnwcirr (-wBntOi
ftra, raotfttt, 6rt), r^do, I^U, ftra, ftfbd, ItftH, ottt, oil, •hfttr, go, ains, Ink, then, ihla.
UNDERGRADUATE
606
UNDOUBTEDLY
o. D. Undkboonb (-gSoO ; P.pr. A vb. n, Ukdbbooiko.]
[Ad. undfrgan.} To be ftubjected to ; to bear ; to endure.
Un^der-gradMl-ftto (lln^dSr-grKd'tt-it), n. Member of
ft college who baa uot taken hla first degree ; student who
has uot conipleied his course.
nn'dcr-groillld^ (-grouud^, n. Place beneath the sur-
face of the ground ; subterranean space. «■ a. 1. Being
below the surface of the ground. 2. Done out of sight ;
secret. [C0//09.]— odf. Beneath the surface of the
earth. [trees ; slirubs growing among large trees, i
UlI'dMr-nowtll' (-grSthOtn. That which grows under |
UlI'dMr-nAlld' (.h&ndOi a. 1. Secret; clandestine;
mean ; unfair ; fraudulent. 2. Done, as pitching a ball,
with the hand lower than the shoulder, or, as bowling,
with the hand lower than the elbow. -^ adv. 1. By se-
cret means; by fraud; unfairly. 2. In an underhand
manner ; — said of pitching or bowling.
Un'dir-liaild^ad* a. 1. Underhand ; clandestine. 2.
InsuflSciently provided with workers ; sborthanded.
Un'der-Uy' (&n'd8r-12'), v. t. 1. To lay beneath ; to put
under. 2. To raise or support by something laid unaer.
nn'dcr-Uy' (lln'dSr-lSO. n. 1. Inclination of a vein,
fault, or lode from the verticaL 2. A thickness of paper,
etc., placed under a cut or type, to secure the right im-
pression, [lessee; sublease.!
XSnf^MHAMUmtf (-16s^), n. Lease granted by a tenant or |
Un'dcr-Ut' ('Wf ), V. t. 1. To let below the value.
2. To let or lease at second hand ; to sublet.
Un^dar-lto' (-U0« t-. t. 1. To He under ; to rest be-
neath. 2. To form the foundation of ; to support.
nil'd«r-lllM' (*liu')» t7. t. To mark a line below (words,
etc.) ; to underscore.
nn'der-linc (fin'dSr-lTng), n. {Under -\- 'ling.^ An
inferior person or agent ; subordinate ; sorry fellow.
Un'dMr-lllllM' (iWdSr-minOi t'. /. 1. To excavate the
earth beneath ; to form a mine under ; to sap. 2. To re-
move the support of clandestinely ; to ruin in an under-
hand way. — Un'dtr-mill'er, n. [rank, etc. I
UlI'dMr-most' (OnMSr-mSstO, a. Lowest, as in place, |
Un^dflr-IIMltll' (fitt^der-nSth' or -nSth'), adv. Beneath ;
below; in a lower place. '—/)rr/>. Under; below.
Un^der-pay' (-pa'), v. t. To pay inadequately.
Un^der-pill' (-pTn'), r. /. 1. To lav stones, masonry,
etc., under (sills of a building, on which it is to rest).
2. To support by some solid foundation.
Un'dtr-pill'Ilulfff n. 1. A supporting by atones, ma-
sonry, etc. 2. (a) That by which a building is under-
pinned ; materi^ for support, introduced beneath a wall
already conntructed. {b) Foundation. {Locals V. S.'\
1lll'der-plOtM-pl6t')« n. 1. Series of events in a play,
subservient to the main story. 2. Clandestine scheme ;
trick. [value. I
Un^dar-nitt' C-rit'), r. /. To rate too low ; to under- 1
UlI'dMr-nui' (-rHn'), r. t. To run under ; to pass along
and under (a cable), to take it in, or to examine it.
Un'der-MMm' (-sk5r'), v. t. To draw a mark or line
nnder ; to underline.
nil''der-Mll' (-1)^'), V. t. To sell cheaper than.
Un'der-Slllrt' (QnMSr-nhSrt'). n. Shirt worn next
the skin, under another sitirt ; uudervest.
nil'd«r-ShOt' (tln'dgr-
shCt'), a. 1. Having the
lower incisor teeth project-
ing beyond the upper ones, as
in the bulldog. 2. Moved by
water passing beneath ; — said
of a water wheel, and opp. to
overshot.
JSn'&n-alfD.' (finMSr-sin')*
V. t. To write one's name. at ^
Ull'dar-llsad' (fiu'dSr-sbdOf a. Of a siae less than is
oommon ; dwarf.
Ua'd«r-«taad' (fiuMSr-sUndO. v. t. [as. umder^
ttandan^ lit., to stand under ; cl. AS. torstandan to un-
derstand, O. yerstehen.'l 1. To have just ioeaa 01 ; to
comprehend ; to know. 2. To learn ; to hear. 3. To sup-
pose to mean. 4. To imfriv tacitly ; to take for granted ;
to assume. » v. i. 1. To have the use of the intellectual
faculties. 2. To have knowledge.
Un'der-ttaildlllC, n. 1. Act of one who understands ;
knowledge ; interpretation ; explanation. 2. Agreement
of opinion or feeling; adjustment of differences; har-
mony ; thing agreed upon. 3. Power to understand ;
intelligence ; the rational powers collectively.
Sjrn. — Sense ; intelligence ; perception. Bee f
Un'dcr-fftAtt' (-satOt r. /. To state or represent less
strongly than may be done truthfully.
Un^dcr-stood' (-stdOdO, imp. & p. p, of Uhdsbstavd.
Un'der-Strap'ptf (ftn'dSr-strip'pir), n. A peUy fel-
low ; inferior agent ; underling.
nn'dcr-UIn' (Qn'dSr-tSkO, r. t, 1. To take upon
one's self ; to engage in ; to begin to perform ; to at-
tempt. 2. To stipulate to perform or to execute ; to
covenant ; to contract. 3. To guarantee ; to promise ;
to affirm. — r. i. L To assume any business, duty, or
province. 2. To promise or guarantee ; to be surety.
Un'der-tak'flr, n. 1. One who undertakes ; one who
engages in any project or business. 2. One who cove-
nants to perform any work for another; a contractor.
3. One who takes the management of funerals.
Un^der-taklllC, n. 1. Act of one who undertakes, or
engages in, any project or business. 2. Thing under-
taken ; enterprise. 3. Business of an undertaker ; man-
agement of funerals. 4. A promise ; guarantee.
nn'der-ten'ailt (fin'dSr-tCn'ont), n. Tenant of a ten-
ant ; one who holds lands or tenemento of a tenant or
lessee. [terance ; a tone less loud than usuaL |
nn'der-tOlM' (•t5n'), n. A low or subdued tone or ut-|
nn'dcr-took' (fin'dSr-tMkO, imp. of Ukdutakx.
Un'dflr-tOW ( fin'dSr-tSOt n- Current setting seaward
near the bottom when waven are breaking upon the shore.
UlI'der-TAl'llO (nn'dJr-tW'd), r. /. 1. To value be-
low the real worth ; to depreciate. 2. To despise.
Un'dcr-TMt' (BnMJr-vestO. ». An undershirt.
Un'der-wear (-wtr^), n. Thst which is worn under
the outside clothing ; underclothes.
Un'der-WOOd' (-wd6dO, n. Small trees and buabea
growing among large trees ; coppice ; underbrush.
Uo'der-WOrir (Qn/d2r-w<lrk'), r. /. [imp. & p. p.
UwDnwoRKBD (-wdrkf) or Ukdbswhought (-rftf) ; p. pr.
& rb. n. Ukduworkiko.] 1. To injure by working se-
cretly ; to undermine. 2. To expend too little work
upon. 3. To do like work at a lees price than. — r. t.
1. To work or operate clandestinely. 2. To do less work
than Isjproper. 3. To do work for less than current ;utea.
Un'onr-werk^ (iin'dSr-vrilrkO* n. Inferior or sul>>
ordinate work ; petty business.
nn'dflr-writf (JXn'd8r-rit'), I', t. 1. To write under
something else; to subscribe. 2. To stibscribe one*s
name to for insurance ; to set one's name to (a policy of
instirance), thus becoming answerable for loss or damage.
— Un'der-wrtt'er, n.
Un'de-fllgBllIC (fiu^d#-z!nTng), a. Having no art-
ful, ulterior, or fraudulent purpose ; sincere ; simple.
Un-dllM' (Qn-d?n' or SnMSn), n. [O., (r. L. unda
wave, water.] A fabled female water spirit who might
receive a hunum soul by marrying a mortaL
Un-dO' (Hn-dSo'), r. /. 1. To reverse J^nrhat haa bean
done) ; to annul ; to bring to naught. 2. To loose ; to
unfasten ; to untie ; to solve. 3. To bring to poverty ;
to ruin in reputation, morals, hopes, etc. — Ull-dO'er, n.
nn-dotnc. n. 1. Reversal of what haa been done.
2. Ruin. riectod.
Un-done' (-dfinO, a. Not done or performed ; nag^l
nil-dOllM'ed (-doufBd), a. Not doubted ; not called
in question ; indisputable. — JSn-49mW9A-lj, adw.
fti 1. 1, 9, 0, toBf I At «! I. »t «! ^ tkNl I iMtltt tfil^ tdM, OMTf tyiti fiif, Mm, M^ ta, flMO^
UNDRESS
607
UNHAPPY
Un-dreM' (fiu-dri^), v. t. l. To diTest of clothes ;
to strip. 2. To divest of oruaments; to disrobe. 3. To
take the dressing, or covering, from.
Un^dresi (lin'dres), n. l. a loose, negligent dress ;
ordinuj dress, as disting. f r. full dress. 2. Authorised
dress of officers and soldiers, but not full-dress uniform.
Ull'dllO' (-du'), a. 1. Not due ; not yet owing. ' 2.
Not right ; not lawful ; improper. 3. Not agreeable to a
rule or standard, or to du^ ; excessive ; inordinate.
Un'dU-UtO (fin'dtt-lSt), r. t. & i. [L. undiUattis un-
dulated, wavy, dim. fr. undo wave.] To move backward
and forward, or up and down, in waves ; to vibrate:
Un^dU-la'tiOII, n. 1. An undulating ; a waving mo-
tion or vibration. 2. Wavy appearance or outline. 3.
(a) Tremulous tone produced by a peculiar pressure of
the finger on a string of a violin, etc. (6) Pulsation
caused by the vibrating together of two tones not quite
in unison. [manner of undulations, or waves. I
Un'dU-U-tO-ry (fiu'dd-li-t^-rj^), a. Moving hi the|
Un-dnly (lin-duiy), adv. In an undue manner.
Ua-MUrtll' (-Srth'), r. t. To draw from the earth ; to
bring from concealment ; to disclose. [terrific. I
Us-MUtllly, o. Not terrestrial; supernatural; weird ; |
Un-eas'y i'^^f)* o. 1. Restless; disturbed by pain,
anxiety, etc. ; disquieted. 2. Not easy in manner ; stiff ;
awkward. 3. Occasioning want of ease ; constraining ;
crampmg. — Un-MUi'My, adt\ — Ull-attil-IIMS, n.
Unequal (^'kwal), a. 1. Not equal ; not of the
same size, quantity, strength, age, station, etc. 2. Ill
balanced or matched; disproportioned ; not equitable;
partial ; unjust ; unfair. 3< Not uniform ; irregular ; un-
even. 4. Not adequate or sufficient ; inferior. 6. Not
having the parts symmetrical. — Ull-tt'qiial-ly, ndr.
Ull^qiialed (-kwald), a. Not equaled ; unmatched ;
unparalleled : surpassing. [Written also uneqvalled.]
un-Mrrlng (-Sr'rTng or -er'rTng), a. Committing no
mistake ; incapable of error or failure ; certain ; sure.
Un-O'VeB (-S'v'n), a. [AS. unefen.} 1. Not even ;
not level ; not uniform ; rough. 2. Not equal ; not of
equal length. 3. Not divisible by two without a remain-
der : odd. — Ull-«^76B-ne8S. n.
Un'OZ-am'plod (-9gz-im'p*ld ), a. Having no example
or similar case ; unprecedented ; unparalleled.
Un'ez-oep^on-a-blo (•A-sfip'shfin-A-bU), a. Not lia-
ble to anv exception or objection ; unobjectionable ; fault-
lees.— Un'OZ-oeP'tiOII-a-bly, adv.
Un'OZ-peot'M (-pSkfSd), a. Not expected ; coming
without warning ; sudden. — nil'0Z-P00f6d-l]r, adv.
Un-fafllBC (-fining), a. Not falUng; not liable to
(ail ; inexhaustible ; certain ; sure.
JJn-Udt' (-f trO, a. [AS. unfxger unlovely.] Not fair ;
dishonest ; unjust. — un-fall/Iy, adv. — Un-fUT'lMMI, n.
Un-faltllflll (-fith'fvl), a. Not faithful ; not observ-
ant of promises, duty. etc. ; violating trust ; perfidious.
Un-US'ten i-tkarn\ v. t. To loose ; to untie.
Ull-la'T0r-«-bl6 (-fS'vSr-A-bn), a. Not favorable ; ad-
verse ; discouraging. — Ull-fa'VOr-A-llly, adv.
Un-fMllnff (-fSlTng), a. 1. Destitute of feeUng ; in-
sen«ible; insensate. 2. Cruel; hard-hearted.
Un-feifllied' (-fand'), a. Not feigned ; genuine.
Un-fOt'ter (-fSf tSr), v. t. To loose from fetters or
from restraint ; to unshackle ; to liberate. [tif ul. I
Un-fU'ial (-fn'yal), a. Unsuitable to a child ; undu-l
Un-fln'lalied (-fTn^sht), a. Not finished; imperfect.
Un-fit' (-fTf ), V. L To make unsuitable or incompe-
tent ; to disable ; to incapacitate ; to disqualify, —a. Not
fit ; unsuitable. — Un-fltly, adv. — Un-fUliaM, ».
Un-flz' (-fTka'), r. /. To loosen ; to detach.
Ull-fOld' (-f51d0, V. t. [AS. nnffaldan.} 1. To open
the folds of ; to expand. 2. To open (anything covered
or cloee) ; to display ; to explain. 3. To release from a
fold or pen. «»ff. i. To become discloHed or developed.
Un-rar'tll-lUltO (•fdr'ttt-nit), a. Not fortunate ; un-
successful ; unlucky ; unhappy.— Un-for'tll-liato-ly, adv.
Un-fOimd'ed (An-found'Sd), a. 1. Not founded; not
established. 2. Having no foundation ; baseless ; vain.
Un-fn'QIIMat (-frSncwent), a. Infrequent ; rare.
Ullfie-qilMat'Od (-frl-kwSnfSd), a. Rarely vUated ;
seldom or never resorted to by human beings.
Un-frtandly (-fT6nd1|), a. l. Not friendly ; hostOe.
2. Not favorabki. — Un-triMldll-IMM, n.
Un-lrOQk' (-friSkO, v. t. To divest of a frock ; to de-
prive of priestly character or privilege.
UB-frmtllll (-f rut'f ul), a. Not producing fruit or off-
spring; barren. — Ull-iniifflll-IIMS, n.
Un-fnil' (-fQrl'), v.t.&i. To tmfold ; to expand.
Un-galnly (-gin'lj^), a. [OE. ungeinliche, adv., fr.
ungein inconvenient : t/n- not -{- Icel. gegn ready ; adv.,
against, opposite.] Not gainly ; clumsy ; uncouth, ^-adv.
In an un^^unly manner. — Ull-galBll-neBS, n.
Un-KMi'er-OOS (-jSn'Sr-fis), a. Not generous; igno-
■ — nn-ffMi'er-OIW-ly, adr.
1. Not godly; disobedient to
nii-c«n'er-oiw-ly, adv.
-gOday),a. 1. Not godly; disol
God ; shiful. 2. Polluted by shi. — Un-godll-IIMS, n.
ble; dishonorable. -
Un-godly (-gBdiy), a.
nn-fOV^MlMI-Uo (-gliv^m-A-bM), a. Not capable of
being governed, ruled, or restrained ; wild ; unbridled.
Vn-Kno^tia. (-gris'ful), a. Not graceful; deficient
in elegance ; awkvrard ; clumsy. — Un-grao^fflll-ly, adv.
Un-gn'ololU (-gri'shlis), a. 1. Not jnracious ; show-
ing no grace or kindness; unfeeling. 2. Not well re-
ceived; offensive; unacceptable. — Vu-grtL^tUnuhlj, adv,
— nn-gra'ctoiui-iiMs, n.
Un-nmtttal (-grSt'fuI), a. 1. Not grateful; not
thankful for favors. 2. Unpleasing ; unacceptable ; dis-
agreeable. — Un-gratefliil-ly, adv.
Un'l^liailt (fiQ'gwCTit), n. [L. ungiientum^ fr. unguere
to anomt.] Salve for sores, bums, eto. ; an ointment.
II Un-ipilO'a-U'U (iin-gwIk'tl-la'tA), n. dI. [NL., fr.
L. ungiitcultu finger iiail.j A division of Mammalia in-
cluding those having claws or nails, as disting. fr. hoofed
animals ( rnpu/o/a). — Ui^nio'Q-latO (-Itt), n. One
of the Unguiculata. «■ a. ^vlng nails, claws, or hooks ;
having a stalklike base, as thepetals of a carnation.
II Utt'snlS (fin'gwTs), n. [L.] 1. Nail, cUw, talon,
or hoof of a finger, toe, or other appendage. 2. One of
the terminal hooks on the foot of an insect. 3. Slender
base of a petal in some flowers : claw ; called also ungula,
II Un'CQ-U (-gA-lA), n. [L, a claw,
hoof, fr. unguis.] 1. Hoof, claw, or
talon. 2. Section of a cylinder, cone,
or other solid of revolution, cut off l^ a
ilane (Clique to the base.
phi
3. Unguis of a flower.—
Un'SQ-lar, a.
II Un-'
Unguis. 2.
hoofs. «■ n.
f IH ll0ii'|;ii-U'to(-lI^).n.
m I^H oj[. [NL., fr. L. ungula.]
K I '^B ^'« RTOup of mammals
4 I ]■ having hoofs.
^».^_Jiil^ Ull%ll-Ut«(-ltt),fl. [L.
ungulatus.] 1. Shaped like
a hoof. 2. Fumhdied with
Any hoofed quadruped.
Un-hallOW (On-hUld), V. L To pro-
fane ; to desecrate.
Un-hallowed (-Md}, a. Not conse-
crated ; profane ; unholy ; wicked.
Un-hand' (-hSndOt v* f* To loose from
the hand ; to let go.
Un-luuid'aonio (-hXn'sttm}, a. l.Not
handsome ; ungraceful ; plain ; homely.
2. Wanting noble or amiable qualities ;
low ; disingenuous ; mean. — Un-luuid'- ^^
■ome-ly, ff/ff. [awkward.!
Un-liaild'y (-hSnd^), a. Clumsy;)
nn-hap^ (-hip'py ), a. l. Not happy
or fortonate ; unlucky. 2. Sad ; sorrow-
ful. 3. Evil ; calamitous. — Un-liap'lll-
ly, adv. — Un-liap^-BMS, n.
nrulsta. Hind
Foot of Dfer.
_ Lower End
of Tibiii : h
Tsrssl Bonn I
e Metstaraus.
or Canon
Bone J rf «/
Phalanges.
fSm, recent, drb, r^de, f ^ llm, food, f<^t, out, oil, ehair, go, siiiff, i]|k, then, thin.
UNHARMONIOUS
608
UNIVERSALITY
VnfhtO'mohad^^nM (Bt/hfir-mO'nT-tta), a, Inharmoni-
CNM : uusyiuiD«trica>l ; uniundoU ; discordant.
Vm-hai'm&m (-hMr'uet), v.L X. To itrip of harness.
S. To disarm ; to divest of armor.
Un-htard' (-bSrdO. a. 1. Not beard ; not perceived by
the ear. f . Not granted au atidienoe or a hearing ; not
having made a defense, or stated one's side of a qaestion ;
unheeded. S. Not known to fame ; obscure.
f (-htnf), J. U 1. To take from the hinges.
, to unllz bv violence,
(-byit), a. Not holy; unhallowed; pro-
B. "— un-lioV-iMMv n.
Us-bont' (-hdrs'), V. t To throw from a horse ; to
cause to dismount ; to take horses from.
U'lDl-OOfB (Q'nT-kdm), n. [L.
unicomU one-homed ; unu9 one
4- eeniii a horn.] 1. i^ fabulous
animal with one horn ; — often
represented in heraldrv as a sup-
porter. S. An animal of some
unknown kind mentioned in
Scripture. Job xxxix. 10.
U^Ql-fl-oa'tlOQ (fTkrshfin),
». A unifying, or being unified.
U'nl-floaroiis (-flO'rib), a.
Wni- -{- li. flot^ fiorii^ a flower.]
Bearing one flower only.
U/ni-loOI-at* (-fyiT-tt), a. ,, . „. u
iVn\Jf^*-^'^ Having only jfi-iTA^iST.
U'Blioai-0-Ut* (.fSnt-Mtt), a. IUhU -^/oliolaU.'\
Having only one leaflet.
Ufol-fQrBI (-fOrm), a. [L. un{fonni$ ; unut
-|- forma form.] 1. Having always the same
form, manner, or degree ; not Tarying ; con-
sistent ; equable ; homogeneous. 2. Of the
same form with others; consonant.— n. An
identical dress worn by persons in the same ser-
vice or order. -» r. /. To clothe with a uniform.
U'al-lgml-ty (-fOrmt-tj^), n. 1. A beUig
uniform ; freedom from variation ; samenesa
of action, effect, etc., under like conditions,
f . Consistency. 3. Similitude between the UnifdioUte
parts of a whole. 4. Conformity to a pattern Lea f of Or*
or rule ; resemblance ; agreement. *°K« Tree.
U1tf>lQnilT» adv. In a uniform manner ; without
Tariatt<m ; with even tenor.
U^Bl-ly (-ff), f' t. To cause to be one ; to unite.
Haim-paMUl'a-Ill* (fln'Tm-pSch'i-bn), a. Not im-
peachable; irreproacliable ; blameless.
Ull4an«r-««t-«d (•Tn'tSr-tiit^d), n. 1. Not inter-
eeted; having nothhig at stake. 2. Not havhig the mtod
or paMtoos engaged.
ualoa (un'yQn), n. [F., fr. L. unio oneness, fr. tmia.]
1. A uniting or joining two or more things into one, or
the being united ; junction ; combination. 2. Agreement
of mind, spirit, will, etc. ; harmony ; concord. 3. Some-
thing formed by combination or coalition ; consolidated
body ; league. 4. A device emblematic of union, used on
a mUional ensign ; flag having such a device.
fiyw. — Uhtoh : Uicmr : Junction ; connection ; concord ;
alliance ; coalition : comhfnation. — Unitm is the bringing
two or more things tneether so as to make but one, or the
state of being united Into one. Unity is a state of simple
oiK^ieM, either of essence, or of action, feeling, etc.
UalOS-lst, n. X. One who promotes union ; supporter
of a federal union. 2. Member of n trades union.
U-nlp'a-roilS (ft-nTp'i-Ttt«), a. [dni- -f L. pnrere to
bring forth.] Producing but one egg or young at a time.
Ulll-ped (CnT-pSd), a. [ Uni- -f L. pes, pedis, foot. ]
Having only one foot.
U-IUqiM' (fl-nSkO* «. [F. ; fr. L. unintSy fr. vmu.l
Being without a like or equal : unmatched ; unparalleled.
IfBl-MII (G'nT-sttn), n. [LL. uniwntit having the same
sound ; "L. unu* + mam a sound.] 1. HarmooT ; agrM-
ment ; concord ; union. 2. Identity in musical pitch.
U-ate'O-lUUIt ( tt-nta/t-nont), a. Being in unison ; hav-
ing the same degree of gravity or acuteness ; sounded
alike in pitch. — U-ali'O-IUUlOft, n. — U-alt'O-lUniSt a«
Ulltt (S'uTt), «. TAbbr. fr. tmUy.-] X. A aini^jething
or person. 2. The least whole number ; one. 3. Aut
determinate amount or quantity adopted as a standard of
measurement. 4* A mathematical magnitude or number,
renrded as an undirided whole.
U'Dl-Ulrl-aB (o'nT-a'rT-au), fi. One who denies the
doctrine of the Trinity, believing tliat Ood exist* only
in one person. — a. Pert to Unitarians, or their doo-
trines. — U'ni-tft'Il^ll-lm, n,
U-nltf (fl-nltO, V. t. [L. tmfre, imi/um, to unite, fr.
vnut.'\ "L To put together so as to make one ; to combine ;
to cause to adhere. 2. To jdn (families by marriage,
nations by treaty, etc.); to harmonize; to aiaociate.—
r. i. 1. To become (me ; to combine ; to grow together.
2. To concur : to act in concert.
Srn. — To add ; join ; annex : attach. See Aoix.
tf-lltt'td-lT, adr. In a united manner.
U'lDl-ty (u'uT-tj^), n. [L. tmt7o«, fr. imiu.] X. The
being one ; oneness. 2. Concord ; harmony ; agreement ;
uniformity. 3. Any definite msthematiod quantity or
magnitude taken as one, or for which 1 is made to stand
in calculation. 4* One of the principlea preserving a uni«
form tenor of story and propriety of repreaentauon ; in
oratory, subordination of every part to the development
of the main proposition. 6. Combination of parts, in aii,
music, etc, such as to constitute sjinmetry of stjlc and
character.
87 n. — Oneness ; concord : harmony. See Unov.
U'lll-TllTt (-viiv), n. [rni- -f va/re.] A sheU con-
sisting of one valve only ; mollusk whose
shell is composed of a single piece. —
U'nl-TilTt. U^-¥8lTtd (-vnvd), U'Bl- rniM A
U'nl-Tvr'Ml (-vSr'wi).
a. [L. univtrtalU. See
UifiTBftSB.] X. Pert, to the
universe ; including the
whole niuuber, quantity, or
space; unlimited; all-
reaching. 2. Total ; entire.
3. Forming the whole of a |
rus; relatively unlimited |
BXtension; affirmed or
denied of the whole of a sub-
ject ; — opp. to pnrtirular.
UBtvarsal cevpunc, Unlver-
ml Max. a contrivance (or Unlvalvw. A Shell of Beht kar^
jqhitagtwoshafUor parU pt,iaria; B ShsU of Vbtg^im
of a machine endwise, so ar^nlata.
that the one may give rota-
ry motion to the other when forming an angle with It, or
may move freely in all di-
rections with respect to
the other, as by means of
a cross connecting the
forked ends of the two
shafto(Fig.l). Since this (
joint can not act when
the angle of the shafts is I
less than IKF, a double
joint of the same khid is
sometimes used for giring
rotary motion at anglea"
lemthanHOMFig. 2).
Syn. — General : all ;
whole ; totaL See On- I Single TniversalJolnti obShafti:
BKAL. <* CroM. S Doable Univenai
Doctrine Uiat all men wiU '' Co»n»««n« ""^
be mved, or made happy, in the future state. — IfBl-
▼vr'Ml-iSt, n. A n.
U'nl-ver-Ul'l-ty (-vSr-snT-tj^), n. A being univeraal ;
i, B, 1, 8, a, long ; ft, «, I, A, A, tt "^oi^ • Mn^Ue, 6 vent, tdea. Obey, Unite, cAre, ilrm, Ask, |^ flnoL
UNIVERSALLY
609
UNSCREW
QDlimiked aztenaioo or appUoation ; gvoermliky; — diiting.
fr. pwriieuiarUy. [maimer ; without exceptiou. '
_ 'vX-YmftuX-lj (S'nT-vir'JU-lf ), adv. lii a univenoa |
U^-TWTM (fi'iiT-vSrs), ». [L. untrermm, f r. wUver-
nu aniTomi ; unu* -f- vertere^ vertum, to turn, that ia,
tamed into one, combiued into one whole.] All created
tilings aa oonetltatinflr oue syatem ; the world ; creation.
U'Bl-vWsl-ty (-vSr'itl-tf ), n. [L. universOas aU to-
gether, the whole, tlie univeree, a number of penons aa-
aociated into oue body, fr. untpcrstu.'] Au inatitution for
teaching ttie Itigher branchea of literature, eoience, art.
eta, and empowered to confer degrees in tlie several
arts and facuitiea, as in theology, law, medicine, etc.
U-OtT'O-Oal (tt-nTr't^-kal), a. [L. univoctu ; untur -f
«ox, vocw,aToice, word.] 1. Having one meaning onlv ;
— opp. to equivocfd. 2. H iving unison of sound, aa the
octave in music. —n. A word baviug but one meaning.
UlI-|lI3t* f*~ '"-t'% n. 1. Ai'tmR' pontTTirr to the
■t.iDti."irii -.n Tiffric ; tAlsw ; di^lLonent. 3. (Jocitrairy to jus-
U a-klnd' { ■ kiud'l^ n . W ;iuti ii.% In kind nci-i. R}in pn \ hy,
bBii'rv.,j4?^rii;^t*'ttv ■ rnn-l ; inngmtflfid.— IFa-kliidly, *iiv,
Un-kiilt' f-nll'j. f. f. Tli undo or uii'navi?! \^\\a\ \a\
tTa-tlca' (-LSy)f r. U 1- T^ Loowe by undoiui; el Lvi iog.
%. Ti> IwMf! Hits drKst or ; to i5r|¥M« ; to dijii^piwi'.
II Q -lads" (-IalI;^), r. U To unloAtI \ to diAu'liiiriErp.
Ua-ltWf^ MftTijil), «, Nnii Tavrrul ; cMolmirj tt 1 iw.
— ITa laWhil-lf ♦ Mv. -^ irii-Uw'liii-&MaH n,
Ufl-l^WQ' (den;' I, t. L To fnfget ^m lj*t hsv* b^jen
Ift.ir'i--.l:i . t - l-.iru Ml-' .T.ilmry '4.
Un-lJUUn'efl, a, l. 2i ji leaned j untaught ; Igoonnt ;
illiterate. 2. Not known. 3. Not exhibiting learning.
Us-lMf' (-18*')t ^<^y* ' [Formerly, on/M, orileue, that,
in less, in a less case.] If not ; were it not that ; except.
Uh-IUm' (-likO* a. Not like ; dissimilar ; diverse.
Ull-llk«l7, a. 1. Not likely ; improbable, t. With-
out prospect of success ; likely to fail ; unpromising.
Ua-UU^IIMS, n. The bding unlike ; dissimilarly.
Un-UmOMr (-llmfbSr), v. t. To detach the Umber
from (a gun).
|}ll.lim'h-«di a. 1. Not limited ; having no bounds.
S. Undefined. 3. Uneonflned ; not restricted.
Ua-lOtd^ (-ISdO, 9. t. 1. To take the load or cargo
from. S. To relieve from anything onerous.
Us-lOOk' (-15kO. r.t. 1. To unfasten (what U locked).
2. To open ; to undo.
Un-lMM' (-16^t «• '• To mak« loose ; to loosen ; to
get free. -• v. i. To become unfastened ; to lose union.
Ua-llMMKiB ('*^f 9' '• To loosen ; to unloose.
Ua-lorvty (-Invlj^), a. Not lovely; not amUble;
disagreeable ; unpleasant. — Un-lOTell-IIOM, n.
Un-lSOk'y (•lak'y), a. l. Not lucky ; unfortunate ;
fll-fated ; unhappy. 2. Bringing bad luck ; Ill-omened ;
inauspidons. — un-lttOk'My, adr. — Un-lttOkl-IIOM, n.
Un-imfci' (-mikOi v- f- To destroy the form and
qnalities of ; to nncreate.
Ua-nuui'C-mXtt'), V. /. 1. To emasculate ; to deprive
of virility. 2. To deprive of a man^s courage ; to dis-
liearten ; to make womanish. 3. To deprive of men.
Un-mBalMir-ly (•mIn'nSr-iy), a. Not nuumerly ; ill-
bred; rude.— adv. Uncivilly; rudely.
UB-maak' (-mAskO* *• (• To strip of a mask or dis-
gnlae ; to expose. — r. i. To put off a mask.
Us-lBMUlllIC (•m8nTn(r)« a. 1. Having no meanhig
or stgniflcatlon. 2. Not indicating intelligence ; senselesn.
Un-BM'ol-fnl (•mSr'sT-ffl), a. Not merciful : cruel.
-Ua-mn'ol-fiil-lT, adv. — Ua-mT^ot-fal-aeai , n.
Ua'mis-tak'a-bM (-mTs-tik'i-bn}, a. incapable of
— Ua-mn'ol-fnl-ij, adv.
Ua'mis-tak'a-blo (-mTi
being mistaken or misunderstood : clear ; plain.
Ua-moOf^ (•mS&r'), r. /. (a} To cause to ride with
one anchor 1ms than before, (o) To loose from anchor-
age. — r. i. To weigh anchor.
Ua-flniZ'SlO (-mOz'sH), V. /. To remove a muzzle from.
Uarliat^-raI(Bn-nIt^-ra] ; M}, a.
TAry to the order of nature. — UB
Syn. — See FAcrmous.
Not natural; eci
fn-Bara-ial47, ad».
Not
IlB-iMO'«»-sa-ry (-uBySs-si-xy), a.
useless. — Un noo'oi 11 t1 ly. adv.
Ua-aMfU'Oor-ly (ui'bir-IV), a. Notneighboriy ; dla-
tant : reiMsrved. '^adv. Not lu a neighborly wanner.
Ua-BOrro' (-udrv'), v. t. To deprive of nerve, force,
or strength ; to enfeeble.
Ua-BOmOMirad (-uUmOiSrd), a. Not nombered ; not
counted or estimated ; innumerable.
Un-or'faa-lBOd (-dr'gan-lsd),a. Not organised ; with-
out organic structure ; not having the tissues and organs
characteristic of living organisms, nor power of growth
and development.
Un-paok' (-pXk'), v. I. To separate and remove (things
packed) ; to open and remove the contenta of.
Ua-ptur'Al-lilid (-pir'al-lSld), a. Having no parallel,
or equal ; unequaled ; unmatched.
UB-pAMU-mMl'Ul-ry (•pKr/lT-mSnOA-ry), a. Not ac
cording to the practice of parliamentary bodies.
Ua-pla' (-pTn^), V. t. To remove pins from ; to unfasten.
Ua-pUaa'aBt (-plfis^ont), a. Not pleasant; offensive.
— Un-ploM'aBt-iy, ml v. — Ua-plMiiKaiit-BaM, ».
na-pno'0-4Mlt-«d (-prSs^-deut-Sd), a. Having no
precedent or example ; novel ; unexampled. — Un-pitO'-
•-4Mlt-6d-ly, adv. [impartiaL I
Ua-praf n-dlo«d (-pr«/t-dTst), a. Not prejudiced :|
Ua-priB'ai-pl«d (-prln'sT.p'ld), o. Being without
ri|^t moral piinciplea ; profligate.
Ua-qmoa'tlOB-a-lito (-kwCft'chlin-i-b*]), a. Not quea.
tionable ; certahL — Ua-qilMtlOB-ft-llly, adv.
UH-aal'tt (-kwi'St), a. Not quiet ; dlrturbed. — Ub-
onl'tt^y, adv. — Ua-gni'tt-BOM, UB-qal'e^adt, «.
Ua-imv'al (-rIv'M), r. /. 1. To disentangle ; to sep-
arate the threads of . 2. To clear from complication; to
unfold ; to solve. 3. To separate the connected parte
of ; to confuse. -» v. i. To become unraveled.
Ua-road'y (-rSd'f). a. Not ready or prepared | not
prompt; clumBV. — UB-roadl-BOM, n.
Ua-ro'al (•rS'al), a. Not real ; unsubstantial ; fand*
ful ; IdeaL — na'r»4dl-ty (ttn'r^-iai-tj). n.
Ua-rM'MB-a-llto (-rS's^n-A-bM), a. Not reasonable;
irrational; immoderate. — Ua-na'BOa-a-Vto-BaM, n.
— UB-rMl'MB-a-ldy, adv. [trustworthy. I
Ua'ro-ll'a-toto (Ibi'rMi'i-bl), a. Not raUable ; nn-l
Ua'ri-BlltaiBC (-mTt^Tng), a. Not remitting ; tai-
ceesant ; continued ; persevering.
Ua'TOHMTVOd' (-zirvdO, a. Not reserved; unre-
strained. — Ua'rMMrr^td-ly (-sSrWU-lf), adv.
Vn-naHf (-rBstOi n, Want of rest or repose ; miquiet-
ness; sleeplessness; uneasiness. [to solve. I
na-lld'dl* (-rTd'd*l), v. t.&{. To read the riddle of ; |
Ua-rlglirMas (-rl^chOs). a. [OE. tmrtoA/ir/w, AS.
unrihiiHs.'] 1. Not righteous; evil; wicked; sinfid.
2. Gontrafy to law and equity; unjust. — Ua-l1sllf-
MfBB-ly, odr. — Ua-ll|1tl'MfllB-aMB, n.
Ub-iIm' (-rip'), a. 1. Not ripe. 2. Premature.
Ua-l^' (-r910, V. I. [Written also unrot.l 1. To
open (what is roiled). 2. To display ; to revesi.
Ua-niffUa (-riiffUd), a. Not rufBed or agitated ;
smooth ; onlm ; tranquil ; quiet.
Ua-nil'y (•rnl'^), a. Not aubmlsslve to rule ; disre-
garding restraint ; turbulent ; refractory.
Ua-Md'dto (-ad'dM), V. I. 1. To strip of a saddle ;
to t<ike the saddle from (a home). 2. To nnhorse.
Ua-Mfn-im'tOd (-sSt'tt-ril'tSd), a. 1. Capi^ble of ab-
sorbing or dissolving to a greater degree. 2. Capable
of taking up, or of uniting with, certain other chemical
elements or oompounds, without eliminating any side
pmduct. [to retract ; to take back again. I
Ua-MT' (-siO. 9. t To recall (what has been said) ;|
Ua-soraw' (-"krnOi v. t. To loose from screws; to
withdraw (anythhig, as a screw) by turning it.
fin, reoMit, 6rb, r^de, f ^ill, Urn, food, fo^t, oat, oil, etaair, so, sins, ink, then, tilia,
UNSCRUPULOUS
610
UPHOLSTER
Vn&On'pa-UnM (fiii-akrii^>t-lIU), a.
loos; uupriudpled.
Ua-flMl' (-m10« v. I. To break or rernoTa the
Ua-tMiok'a-lito (-tSrch'i-bU), a.
Not acmpu'
[to op<m (what U sMlad). I
' aMlof:!
, - „ Not ■earchabtoi
Inacrata jle ; uysterioua. — Vn ■tlTOh*! Mt, adv.
VmmmfMmk-tL-hi9 (-•S's'n^b'l), a. Not MM
m-tiined . untimely. — Ull-flMI'ica4l4dy, adv,
Ub ■tay (-aStO, V. L 1. To diaplaoe irom one*8 aeat.
f. To depriTe of the right to sit in a legitlatiTe body.
Ua Hemly (-aSm'iy)t «• Not aeeiiily ; unbeconung ;
indecent. —acTv. In an unaeemly manner.
Un-amaf (-aSnO, a. Not aeen or diaoorered.
Ua4«ttl« (-«St^*l), V. /. To looaen from a aetUed
■tate ; to unfix ; to di^laoe ; to confuse.
Vnwuf (-sSksOt V. t. To deprive of sex, or of qnal-
itiea becoming to one*a sex ; to make (a woman) unfemi-
nine in character, manners, duties, etc.
Ua-ahao'kto (-ehikOc*!), v. t. To loose frtm abackles
or bonds ; to free from restraint.
Ua-ahMtlM' (-ahSthOt V. t. To deprive of a sheath ;
to driw (a sword) from the sheath or sqabbard.
Ua-aUD' (-shTpO, V. /. 1. To take out of a ship or
TosseL 2. To remore (any part or implement) from its
proper position when in use.
Ua-ekllllBl (-skn^fyl), a. [Spelt also unskil/ul.1
Not skillful ; inexperienced ; awkward ; bunffUnff. — Ub-
■ktlllBl-lT, a<fr.— UB-akillfBl-BMa,n.
Ua-S0'Gia4a9(-syshi-bn),a. Not sociable; areraeto
companionship or conreraation ; resenred. '- Ua-SO'ola-
lito-BMs, Ua-M'ola-blll-tT, n. — Ua-sCoU-lily, adr.
Ua-aovad' (-sound'), a. Not sound ; infirm ; diseased.
— Ua-aoaadly, adr. ~ Ua-aoaad'AeM, n.
Ua-apar'lai (-spftr^ng), a. Nol sparing ; not parsi-
monious; liberal; profuse.
Ua-spMk'a-llto (-sp8k'i.bn), a. Not speakaUe ; in-
capable of being adequately described ; unutterable; in-
effable. — Ua-aMUra-bly, adr.
Ua-apott«d (-spStnSd), a. Not spotted ; free from
spot or stain ; unblemished ; immaculate.
Ua-atop' (-atSpO, r. /. 1. To take the stopple or
stopper from. S. To free from obstruction ; to opeii.
ua-atrlag' (•ctrTng'), v. t. l. To deprive of strings ;
to ttike from a string. 2. To loosen the strings of.
S. To relax the tension of ; to loosen.
Ua'sao-oaMTfal (-sBk-sSs^l), a. Not successful :
not producing the desired event : unlucky ; unhappy. —
Ua'sao-oaaafBl-ly, aif r. —Ua'sao-OMatal-aaaa, n.
Ua-taa'gla (-tIn'gM), r. /. To loose from tauglea or
intricacy ; to disentangle ; to resolve.
Ua-tMUlll' (-tSohOf V. /. 1. To cause to forget, or di».
believe something taught. 2. To cause to be forgotten.
Ua-thtaklag (-thTiikang), a. Not thinking ; incon-
■idKrate ; thonghUess. — Ua-thlaMag -ly, adv.
UathTMld' (-thrSdO, r. /. 1. To take out a thread
from (a necNdle, etc.). 2- To loose the ligaments of.
Ua-tia' (-tiO, r. t. [AS. untggan.'l 1. To loosen (some-
thing tied or luiotted)! 2. To free from restraint. 3. To
unfold ; to clear. -»r. i. To become tantied or loosed.
Ua-tU' (-tTlO, prep. [OB. until, ontil ; nn- (aa In
unio) + ta till.] 1. To; up to; till; before.— ro»y.
As far as ; to the place or degree that ; up to the time that.
Ua-tiaMly (-timnV), a. Not timely ; premature ; in-
opportune. — ndr. Out of the right time ; unseasonably.
UatO (fin't55), prep. [OB. unto ; un- (only In unto,
until) unto, as far as 4- 'o to ; this un- is akin to AS. 39
until, Ooth. und unto, until.] To ; — now used only in
antiqnated, formal, or scriptural style.— con/. Until;
till. [06«.] [2. Not numbered or counted. I
Ua-tOld' (Qn-tSldOt 'v. 1. Not tnld ; not revealed.!
Ua-tO'warA (-tS'wSrd), a. 1. Fro ward; perverse.
2. Awkward; ungraceful. 3. Inconvenient; uulucky;
unfortunate. — Ua-to'waid-ly, adv. — Ua-to'warA-
Ua-UKwaid-ly, a. Perverse ; f reward ; untoward.
Ua-tiay'^lad (ttn-trXv'Sld), a. [Written also i
elled.} 1. Not traveled ; not trodden by f*
2. Having never gained experience by traveL
Ua-traa' (-tmO, a. l. Not tme ; contrary to th*
fact. 2. Not faithful; false; disloyaL
Ua-tratll' (-trnthO, ». 1. The befaig mitrae ; falao-
hood ; want of veracity ; treachery ; disloyalty. 2. That
which is untrue; falsehood; lie; disloyal act.
Srn.- Lie ; falsehood. See Ln.
ua-tnitllffal, a. Not truthful ; unveradoos.
UB-twta«' (-twin'), Ua-twlat' (-twTsto» v. t, A L
1. To separate and open (twisted threads) ; to tarn ba<^
(that which is twisted). 2. To untie ; to open ; to dis-
entangle, [rare. — na-a'Sa-al4y, adr. I
ua-a'aa-al (-u'sht-ol), a. Not usnal ; uncommon ;
Ua-an«^a4»U (-Qt't^r-4-b*l), a. Not utterable ; in-
expressible ; unspeakable. — Ua-afttr-a-bly, adv.
Ua-TtU', Ua-TlU' (-vilO. v. t. To remove a veU from ;
todisoloae; toreveaL— V. i. To reveal one*a self.
Ua-war'kaBt-a-bla (-wSr'ront-A-bn), a. Not waiw
rantable; indefensible; not justifiabU; illegal ; im-
proper. — Ua-wai^kaat-a-Uy, adv.
ua-walT (-wVxf), a. Not wary or cautioas ; no-
guarded ; heedless ; careleaa. [indefatigable. I
Ua-waa^riod (-wCrTd), a. Not wearied ; peralatent ; |
Ua-WMT*' (-wSvO, V. /. To unfold ; to raveL
Ua-WCll' (-wno, a. Not weU ; indUposed ; aUing.
Ua-WliUPy (-wSM^), a. Not eadly wielded or car-
ried ; unmanageable ; tmlky ; ponderoua.
Ua-wOllaff (-wTlIng), a. Not willing ; loath ; re-
luctant — Ua-wOllaff-ly, adv.— Ua-wOniic-aMM, n.
Ua-WlBd' (-wind'), r. /. A <. To wind off ; to untwist ;
to untwine. [creet: foolish. — Ua-Wlaoly, o^r. I
Ua-Wtee' (-wixO* »• Not wise; iniudicioas; indis-|
Ua-wtttlac (-wTftTng), a. Not knowing; nnooo-
scions ; ignorant. — Ua-WtttiaC-ly, <nfr.
Ihl-WWIfed (-wfinfech, a. l. Not wonted ; unac-
customed ; unused. 2. Uncommon ; unusual ; rare.
Ua-WOrlhy (-wflr'thy), a. Not worthy; wanting
merit, value, or fitness. ~ Ua-WOrtld-ly, adt. — Vn-
WOrthl-aeaa, n. [wrapped or folded). I
Ua-wrap' (-rlpO« v. I. To open or undo (what ls|
— —^- (-rSthOt t». L To untwist, oncoQ, or
ig wreathed).
(-rTtt*n),a. 1. Not written; onO. 2.
2.1V>
Ua
untwine (anything wreathed).
Ua-Wltnta (-rTtfn},
Containing no writing ; dI
Ua-yoks' (-ySkO, v. /. 1. To loose from a yoke,
part ; to disjoin ; to disconnect.
Up (fip), adr. [AS.] Aloft ; on high ; toward nr in a
higher place ; above ; — opp. of down, ^mprep. From a
lower to a higher place on, np<m, or along ; at the top oC.
— n. The being up or above; state of elevation, prosper-
ity, etc. ; — chiefly in the phrase upM and down*. [ CoUog. ]
—a. Inclining up ; tending or going up ; upwwd.
U'paa (u'pAs). n. [Malay pfiAn-fipo* ; p&hn a tree +
fl/KM poison.] A tree of the Breadfruit family, common
in Java, etc., whose secretions are poisonooa.
Up-baar' (lip-btrO, v. t. To bear up ; to raise aloft
Up-toald' (-bridOt r. t. [OB. upbreiden ; A& upp up
4- bregdan to draw, twist, weave, t 1. TO charge with
something wrong or disgraoef uL 2. To chide.
' *" ;h ; olame ; i
Syn. — To reproach ;
; censure; condemn.
Up'glOWtll' (lip'grSth'), fi. A growhug up ; progress.
Up-aaaT'al (-hSv'al), n. An upheari^, or being up-
heaved ; elevation of a portion of the earth's cmst
Up-lMaTa' (-bSvQt r. /. To heave up from beneath.
np-hUl' (-hllOt adv. Upwards on, or as on, a hillside.
*a. 1. Ascending. 2. Attended with labor; dHBcnlt
Up-lMU' (-hOldO, V. /. 1. To hold up ; to lift oo high.
2. To keep erect ; to maintain. 3. To aid by appro^;
to nount^nance. — Up-hold'ar, n.
np-h«l'8tar (-hSl'stir), r. 1. [See UniOLsnssa.] To
furnish (rooms, carriages, bedsteada, chaira, etc.) with
hangings, coverings, cushions, etc
1, 8, 1, 8, a, loBf ; ft, «, I, A, O, t» abort ; am2te, « vnit, tdM, 6b«y, tuiite, cAre, ilrm, Aak, ftU, flaoL
UPHOLSTERER
611
URSA MAJOR
zonnenj auto wn^wn i
provides hangings, coti
Up-hol'st«r-y,ii. Wi
UpOaad (fip^ltfud),
U]^]lOl'M«gr-«r (ttp-hSl'stSr-Sr), n. [Orig. upholder,
fonnerly also written ttphoMer, uphtMster.'] One who
coTeringS, eurtains, etc.
. Wares, or business, of an upholsterer.
__. , , d), «. High land; ground elerated
above the meailows and intervals on the banks of rivers,
near the sea, or between hills ; land which is generally
dry ; — opp. to lowland^ meadow ^ marth, noamp^ inter-
vol. etc. —a. Pert, to uplands ; high in situation.
Up-Uf f (fip-lTf t')t V. L To lift or ndse aloft ; to elevate.
Up'lift' (QpaTft^), n. A. raising or upheaval d strata,
disturbing their regu-
larity and uniformity,
and occasioning fdat,
dislocations, etc.
Up^most' (ttp^-
m&V), a. Highest;
topmost ; uppermost
tphon' lttp-»nO,
[A
uppcn ; upp up
an, on.] On.
a. ; eomp. of up. Bel
superior.— n.
nave an u
Up'roai
fltirj On
^up-roi
Uplift DUloostion in Strata of Rook
or Slats.
ting further up; higher In place;
pper leather for a shoe ; vamp.
UMV hand, the superiority ; advantage. — Vppsr
weeks, all parts ox a ship's huU properly above water.
Up^ptr-most' (-mSjt^), a. Highest in place, position,
rank, power, etc. ; upmost ; supreme.
Up'pUll (-pTsli), a. Proud ; assuming. iColloq.'}
Up-ralae' (ftp-rizO* I v. /. To raise ; to lift up ; to
Up-rtai' (ttp-rtrO. J erect.
Up'rlfflir (Qp'rit'), a. [AS. upriht.'] 1. In an erect
position ; perpendicular ; vertical ; pointing upward. 2.
Morally erect ; having rectitude ; honest ; just. — ti.
Something standing upright, as a timber in a building. —
UyilCliny, adv. — Up'zli^MlOM, ft.
up-rlM' (ttp-rizO, V. i. 1. To rise ; to get up. 2. To
have an upward direction.
'roar^ (lip'riJr'), n. [D. oproer / op up -f roermi to
Oreat tumult ; noisy confusion ; bustle and clamor.
iTp-rotrl-ooB (-T-ib), a. — Up-roarl-oui-ly, adv,
Up-root' (Qp-rGdt'), r. /. To root up ; to tear up by
the roots ; to eradicate ; to extirpate.
Up-nmM' (-rous'), V. t. To rouse up ; to awake.
np-Mf(Bp-a8t')«v*^ 1* To overturn or overset. 2.
To oLiturb the self-possession of ; to disorder the nerves
of ; to mske ill. IColloqJ ^v. i. To become upaet.
Uf^Mf (Bp'sSt'), a. det up ; fixed ; determined ; —
used in the phraae up»et price; that is, the price fixed
upon ss the minimum for property offered In a public sale.
Up'Mt'f n. An iipsettInK, or being upset ; an overturn.
Up'slioi' (••hSt'), n. lUp -^ shot = »cot share, reck-
oning.] Final issue; sum and substance ; result.
Up'nA*' (-sidOj *>• Upper side ; part that Is uppennoiit.
Vpsids down. [OE. up so doum^ up as down.] With the
upper part undermost ; In confusion ; topsy-turvy.
Up-StAlra^ (ttp-s<ftrs')i odv. Up the stairs; in or to-
ward an upper story.
Up'ltlSnK (lip'sttrz'), a. Being above stairs.
Up-Start' (&p-stilrt'), v. i. To start up suddenly.
Up'SUrt^ (Qp'sUirt'}, ». One who has risen suddenly ;
m parvenu. — a. Suddenly raised to prominence.
uPtalM' (-tikOt n. Pipe leading upward from the
■moke box of a steam boiler to the chimney, or smoke-
stack; flue leading upward.
Up^ward (-w8rd), ) adv. [AS. npweardes.'^ 1. In a
Up^wartlS (-wSrds), ) direction from lower to higher ;
In a course toward the source or origin ; — opp. to doum-
ward. 2. In the upper parts ; above. 3. Yet more ;
Indefinitely more ; above ; over. [higher place. I
Up'Ward, a. [k%. uptoeard.'\ Directed toward a|
U-im'llll-lllll (ft-rS'nT-am), n. [NL.. fr. Uranus the
plsmet.] An element of the chromium group, found In
oertafai rare minerals, and reduced as a heary, nickiel-
white metaL Its oxides are used to tint glass, etc.
U'lm-noglra-^y (u'rA-nOg^rA-f^), n. [Or. ovpoytfc
heaven -^ ypm/^uf to write.] Description of the heavens
and heavenly bodies ; the making celestial maps, etc.
n'im-llOl'»«y (-n51'<-ji^), n. [Or. oOp<u^ + -^o^.l
Treatise on the heavens aiul heavenly bodies; study of
the heavens ; uranography.
U'n-BIUI (u'rA-nOs), n. [Or. Ovpov^ Uranus, ovpa-
¥6^ heaven, sky.] 1. In Oreek mytiiology, the son and
husband of 0«a (Earth), and father of Chronos (Time)
and the Titans. 2. One of tlie primaiy planets, about
1,800,000,000 mUes from the sun, 36,000 miles hi diame-
ter, and revolving round the sun in 84 of our years ; — also
called Herscheit fr. Sir W. Herschel, who discovered it.
UrHlflll (Qr'ljau), «. [L. vrbnnvj^ fr, urhA* urAij,
dty J 1- Port, tii d tity of' t<»wii. 2- Suiting tboee Ut-
toff^lii 1 I Lty ; cultivaWii^ politv; UrLmue.
Ut-hMOi^ tOf-Liii'JH a. Coiiri«au* hi umttiiani po
Utif ; re tilled; elBsuiil, — UMian'i'tF (-liatn'T-t^ }, M.
Syti. - Pulitfrueu , iiijtvity ; AttublUty ; i^oun^ny.
Ur'c«H3-]Jit« t lit'nS- ft-] at >* 'I, [ I* u rrfoi ct.i ^ i i if i ^ of w^
c^r* J* pitcher,] Pitcher-»h»f«^fl j awHJhii? b*lflft,
tr.if't»'it at tlu- (iriHcf^, as a calyx or corolla.
Ur'Oltlll ( 'Vhl 1 1 ), n . [OK. urchon , t nU&u,
hfliiKrlii-K, OF. irefflw, «-i'fo/i,fr. L. rnVitu,
fr. ^r heijfjebcv^, Uyt Aff.] 1, A he%Jg«litig.
2p a Hiiiw;liii(*^voiiA n-lf- X A rogujjli chiJd.
tJfi (tir)^ w. [OlT. ftrre^ ttfir^", #ork ; L,
op*'f'*i.] Utu*; frjifirrjae. [Ota.^-^i'.t, TouBa,
(J*f ©a ( u'v f -A ), ji . [ « L. 1 A vo ry salt] 1j1((
cry^t^LlliiiL! iMjijy, the cUht CDU«titi]f>iit at
uriJi4^ LLL j.iiALJhuuJ4 AH el ACime other oniiDnlii.
II U-rw'ter i-vv'iieh "■ [f*r, ovpijnjp.]
Duot convejring urine from each kidney. rr . « • /* i • * •
UU-ro'tlini (-thrA), n. [Or. oipii»/Hi.]"coroIU o?
Canal by which urine Is conducted from the Vaccinium.
bUdder and discharged. — U-rethzal, a.
Urg* (firj), V. t. [L. urgere; akin to B. vfreak.J
1. To press ; to drive ; to force onward. 2. To ply with
motives, persuasion, or Importunity. 3. To press upcm
attention ; to insist upon. — r. t*. To persist.
Srn. — To animate ; Incite ; Impel ; stimulate.
1n:^C«nt (flr'jent), a. [L urgens, p. pr. of urpere.']
Urging; pressing; calling for Immediate attention. —
Ur'nnit-ly, /»</»>. —Ur'g«n-oy (-j<m-sy), n.
II ulllll (u'rTm), n. [Heb. iirfm, pL of fir fire, Or
light.] Part of the breastplate of the Jewish high priest.
Uln-IUd (-rT-nal), n. [L. urinal^ it. urina urine.] 1.
Vessel for holding urine. 2. A place for urinating.
Ufri-nft-ry (-nl-ry ), a. Pert, to urine. •- n. A urinal.
Ull-IUIt* (-nit), V. i. [LL. urinare.l To discharge
urine : to make water. — u'ri-llft'tton, n.
U'MlM (uMn), n. [F. ; L. «Hna, Or. oSpov urine.]
In mammals, a finid excretion from the kidneys ; In birds
and reptiles, a solid or semisolid excretion. [vase. I
Um (firn), ». [L. uma.l A vessel of various forms ; |
II U^ro-doOa (u'rd-dSn4), n. pi. [NL. ; Or. ovpdL tall 4-
Ji^Aof visible.] An order of amphibians having the tail
well developed, as the salamanders.
One nf the Umdels iDesmognatJhu.^aem').
U'kO-pod (u'rft.pW), n. [Or. oipd tail + -pod.} Ah-
domlnalappendage of a crustacean, esp. a posterior one.
Utr'M (Qr'si), n. [L., fem. of ursus a bear.] Kituer
onA of th«* B^'VTP (constellations).
Vrsa Mi^or JL.]. the Oreat Bear, one of the most con-
spicuoiia of ttiA northern constellations. It contains th«i
stors forming the Dipper^ or Charleses Wain, two of which
ftn, fw«Bt| •^ r^da, tyll, tun, ftfbd, ftfbt, out, oil, ohatr, bo, sUi*, ink, Chen, thin.
UBSA MINOR
612
UXOBIOUSNESS
Ktba Peimiert^ or auj-i whicb point towudi liie North
T, - iTttt lUMr [L.J. Uttitt itear, the conrtellKtion
Deanat tli» oortb pole. It coptoiui the north itar, or
wleiOfi Ui tlie ertraiuity of tlie UiL
Ufil-fonii tfit'il-jfiriaji a, [1* «r*i*» + -/orm.]
BirLuit Uj0 Ahape of « biOT.
UT'UBtt (ifu i/r -tin), a* Pftrt. tc>, of like, a bear.
ni'ra-Ull« ( '* tliain- -Uu ), n. Que of ild order of nuns
tznder the ^rot4»ticin <?f 5f. t/rtuia. Tiiti member* are
dflTOtoJ entlivly to iAucMti<m, — a. Pert, to St. Ursula,
or tb« ofd rr of UrmUD«H [common bears, j
if UfnSt n . [L. 1 A g«Qtii of C^rtjivorn including the |
XSm (lii)t prvn. W' ft$; a^in tu OS. ta, O. <& Goth,
ufn, L. fit** utt Or, iiM*if we,] Th# peraoiin speaking, re-
garded *» AH object ; DunselTe* i — tibj^ctive case of ire.
tla'a-tllv 4,iii'4^bn), a, Ckpabltf or beUifl- used.
UrM* (IJ 1 2)i n. [F. SMLic] 1. A ushig; treat-
man t. If, CufltoiAAJ'y procfldure j metkod. 3. Customary
uu of A woH or phrmse in a pftrticuJar sf^rjiflcation.
gjn,— UiAQH: Cdsitoh; use; habit. These words
jigree in sKpnuing the idsa i>f habitujd practice ; but a
ttijtiom ii not necetMArily n fiffly^. A c^mftMn may belong
to nuny, ot to ft Mo^le liuLlTiduftl. A U-rni/r properly be-
longs to the great body of a people.
Ul^gllM (-ans), ». [F. See Us>, v. <.] The fixed
time when a bill of exchange is payable.
UM (Ss), n. JOE. AV.fu use, usage, L. ium, fr. uti,
tMM, to use.] £. An employing anything, or apolying
it to one*s serrioe ; a being employed or applied. 2. Oc-
oasion to employ ; necesMty. 3. Adrantage derived ;
utility. 4> Continued practice ; ussge ; custom ; habit.
UM (Ss), v. /. [OB. tuen, V. ««er, LL. «jare, fr. L.
uti, UMMT, to use.] jU To make use of ; toemploy. 3. To
behaTe toward ; to treat. 3. To make a practice of. 4. To
accustom ; to inure. — r. i. To be accustomed.
Syn. — To Usb ; Kiu>lot.— We lue a tiling, m)>t<tlf use
of it, when we deme from it some enjoyment or i^'-rn ;e.
We tfmt/o|/it when we turn that senrice into a p.Li t U-u lar
channel. We tue words to express our general 1 1 n 1:1 [j i e i k ;
we ems/ov certain technical terms in reference tM ta ptren
subject. To make use of, implies passivity in t> 1 1 1 1 i l ig ;
as, to make uae 0/ a pen ; and hence there is ofti-n a ma-
terial difference between the two words when iiT>|i'licii to
Krsons. To speak of *' making tue of another ** i^puer^illy
plies a degrading ide^ as if we had used him h a to4>l ;
irhlle employ has no such 1
UMlaKus'fVl),'!* Pull of use or profit; serviceable;
advantageous. — UBOfnl-ly, adv. — U— lol-BtM, n.
Syn. — UtUity; value ; profit. See Uhlitt.
UMIms, a. Having, or being of, no use ; producing
no good end ; unprofitable ; IneffectuaL — UMlMS-ly,
adv. — UM^MMhOtM, »•
Byn. — UsKLBss ; FaurrLns ; ImtmcTDAL. — An at-
tempt, effort, etc.. Is useless when it has inherent difficul-
ties which forbid hope of success, frtiitlest when it fails,
not from sny such difflculties, but from florae unexpected
htaidrance tflsing to frustrate it. Ineff^etval nearly re-
sembles/n<il/M«, but implies a less hopelAw failure.
Us'tr (us'Sr), N. 1. One who uses. 2. Legal enjoy-
ment of property ; use.
Ulll'cr (lish'Sr), n. [OF. ussier, oissier, huissier, fr.
L. osHariua doorkeeper, fr. ostium door, fr. os mouth.]
1. Officer or servsnt in charge of the door of a court,
hall, chamber, etc ; one whoee business is to introduce
strangers, or to walk before a person of rank ; one who
escorts persons to seats. 2. An under teacher in a
school. — V. /. To introduce or escort ; to forerun.
Ug'qn^-lMlllll (fis^wt-b)^), n. [Ir. or Oael. uUge
beatha water of life ; uisge water -(- heatka life ; akin to
Or. fiUK life. See Whisky .] Irish or Scotch whisky.
U'>0-3l(u'zh4-al), a. [tl usualis, fr. usus use.] Such
as is in common use, or in the ordhiary courae of events ;
customary ; ordbiary ; common. — U'SO-Al-ly. adr.
U'SO-troot (-frfikt), n. [L. usufructus, usus et/ruc-
tus ; usus -f fructus fmlt.1 Right of using another's
estate, et^., without impairfng the substance.
U'ln-fnietll-A-ry (-frttkOfi-ft-rj^), n. One who has
tlie UM ol pfopsrty and napa tht profits of ILa> c
to a mmlruct : of the nature of a uantruot.
U^M-rar (fi'ahft-rir), n. One who praoticaa vwarr, or
ezaota exorbitaot interest.— UHmH-OU (-ihv^rl-fis), a.
Jt-waOTB^ (ft-ifirp'), V. I. [L. fumart, ^mAur, to mske
use of, getposaessioo of, usurp.] To seixe, aDdbold In
possession, by force, or without right. — u-OTiy^Vi «•
— U'sar-MtlOO (fi'sfir-pi'sbibi), «.
8yn. —To arronte ; sssnine; appropriate.
irmi-ry (u'shO-t^), n. [OK. & F. •MUfv, I^ umtta
use, usury, interest, fr. «/i, iistM. Bee Usa.] Exorbitant
or illegal interest for the use of money.
Ut (fit; isi soimitation, OM), n. The first note in
Guide's musical soale, now usually superseded by da.
V't&a'tSL (fi-tSn'sTl), n. [L. utensiU, fr. uUnsUis flft
for use, fr. Wi, twiM.] That which is used ; impknenft ;
instrument or reasel used in a kitchen, etc.
Ular-tlM (S'tSr-Tn or -In), a. [L. uterimms bora of tha
same mother, fr. tUenu womb.] 1. Pert, to the utema.
2. r — ■►f *^'hp fi:^iiii? luothf^r, bat by a different father.
mill ni \^ Niiri i \fi- >iH4iifr tt^ d pveJcped beforf> blrtiii; wdub.
all! U ■ IK «£ I It iii t y fl d didt iiiir. f r. basiit j, omaiJEsent, etc, 2.
P« r r . to ut] Li t A rj ai i Urn. >* h . Ad toailt of uii LitiriMiUm.
U til iU'il-an liim. r*. I. lJi>rtriw tl.at the gTt^i^%
ha|i|»iiic<ini of the (trctatest uDinber iLould bv Hi* aim dI
all km:U\ aud palltiial institutions. 2. Doctriiw thai
virtu? Sn [oundthd io utility.
U tUlty, Tl. [L, «fHitfit^ fr, Htaif uftefuL] L The
bflinir iiM^ful : prmliti:tkin of ffCiod' 3- Iiitrinafc ndiiL
Syii. Utiutt : [T.^rnufw* : adviuitsepousDeH ; ben-
efit; r^roflt; AViTul^ M<n'iji-^. - Cf-fJ\i!ttf*t liAA &u Angko-
Ssmit KiiMx^ istfht\f la h^Xm : Lduco the fLtniier \m Q*ed
cbi' CJy iif thtni^Ei in \.\\v vfiurrttt, th* latter io m itfierni
tai%l of'f/rai-t HfitiHi, Tlius^ we KiMrak of tJre »tifttff of an
im f^itti^tii, and titfk vfi'fufnerf of the tlliOf^ ^iitr«iit«d.
U^m IXB i;u'tr] t£^, r, r. To mabe' uwfii) ; to turn to
pn r.i.if.b' AX roiLiit. — Iftill'Sl'tlan ('T-ri'iJilSiril, n.
UVmtmt l^ut'ijio^tj, CT. [AH, Hlfftifsf, m^pptlr fr. t^f
out.] 1 Situatt'd nt tlj*« farth*'*t pniut or (^ttn^itiity ;
mutii dtdUiut i uxLruine ; Uut. 2. Jieing in Ulb gteuest
or highest degree, quantity, number, etc ; greatest. — ».
The most that can be ; farthest limit.
U-tO^-a ( tt-ta^pT-i), n, [NL. , f r. Or. o« not -f r*Kvt
place.] 1. An imaginary Island, repreeented by fir
Thomas More, hi a work called Utopia, as enjoying the
greatest perfection in poUtica, laws, etc. 2. Placa or
state of ideal perfection.
n-tO^-«B l-axi). a. Pert, to, or Uke, Utopia ; ideal ;
chimerical ; involving imaginary perfection. — ». An in-
habitant of Utopia; a Tisionary; IdeaUst; optimist.—
U-to^-«Blsm, n.
U'trt-do (S^rT-k*!), ». [Lu tUHttdui a little wonib.
calycle, dim. of uier, utris, has or bottle made of hide.]
1. A little sac or vesicle. 2. Microscopio cell in an egg,
animal, or plant. 3. Small, thin-walled, one seeded fruit.
Uttor (lit'tSr), a. [Orig. same a^ outer."] 1. Com-
Slete ; total ; entire ; abeolute. 2. Peremptory ; udood-
itional; unqualified; final.
VrtU, e. /. [AS. atian to put out, eject, fr. 31 out.]
1. To put (money, notes, etc) in circulation ; to pase in
trade. 2. To publish ; to speak ; to prononooe. — Uf-
t«r-«r, n. — Ut'tcr-a-Ua, a. — Vtlv-tiiot, n.
Syn.— To give forth; issue; pronounce. See
Utt0r-ly, adv. In an utter manner ; totally.
UttMr-most' (-mSstO, a. An, Utmost
H U'ra (n'v4), n. HL, grape.] A small pulpy fralt
containing several seeds and haviiur a thin skin, as a grapn.
U^re-ona (-vl-fis), a. BeeembUng a grape.
H U'TU-U (-vfi-U), A. [NL., dim. of L UM.] Fleehy
lobe suspended from the soft pcdate. — Vwm-VU (-ffr), m.
Us-a'rt-OlIB (ttks-S'rT-fis), a. [L. «xoHm, fr. luor a
wife] Excessively fond_of, or submissive to, a wife. —
Us-onrlrOiM-ly, adv. —
B, 3, 1, 8, a, long ; ft, «, I, ft, a, t» abort ; senate, 3veot, tdea, 6bey, flnite, aAi^ arm, Aifit, §11,
VACANCY
613
VALLEY
V.
•nptfoMt ; laiMira ; UstteMneM. 2. That which ia ▼»-
Th« beioff nuamt;
cant ; intemd o# leiaore ; raoatioQ ; unoocupiwl oflloe.
Vift'MUlt (-kaiit)f a. [F., fr. L. vacans, -ctmtis^ p. pr.
of vaear§ to be empty ; aUn to vaeutu empty, and prob.
to K. roCtf.1 1. Deprived of contenta ; empty. 2. Uii>
enmnd with buaineaaor care ; anoooapied ; free. 3. Not
filled by an inoombent, poaaeaaor, or officer. 4. Kmpty
of thoogh^atady, or reflection. — Va'0Mlt47, adv,
Syn. — V AOAHT : Skptt ; roid ; doToid ; free : unem-
ployed ; diaengaged ; unencumbered ; uuorowded : idle.
— A thing ia em^y when there ia notliiug in it. Vacant
ndda the idea of having been prerloualy filled, or intended
to be occupied. A vacant look or vacant mind impliea ab-
sence of intellteence naturally to be expected.
Vft'oat* (-kit), r. /. \h,vaearet'€atum.'\ 1. To make
vacant ; to leare empty. 2. To annul ; to make void.
VA-MtlOB (-kl'shfin), n. [F., fr. L. vaeatio.1 V A
vnottting ; a making void. 2. Intermiaaion of » atated
employment; reet; lelanre; receaa; holidaya.
VM^Ot-aat* (vlk'aT-nit), r. /. To inoculate with vao-
einia. — VgCol-lUl'doa, n. — VM^d-lUI'tor, n.
Vm^oIm (-aln or -aTn), a, [L. vaceinut^ f r. vaeea cow.]
Pert, to cowa ; pert, to, derived from, or cauaed by, vao-
einia.— n. Yirua of vaccinia used in vaccination.
lVao-cllll«(-aTna-4),fi. [NL.] A puatolar diaeaae
of the cow, wliicn la communicated to man by inoculation
aa a protection from amallpox.
Vao^-lato (viann-lit), v, i. [L. vaeUlare, 4atum.'\
X. To move one way and the other ; to atagger. 2. To
lloctnate ; to be unateady ; to waver. — VaCll-UtlMI, n.
Arn. — See Fluotuatb. [vacuam. |
Vm-VtfUj (vi-kua-ty), a. X. Vacancy. 2. Void:)
Vat'V-^to (vKk'a-S1), n. [L. ttacmu empty.] SmaU
air cell, or globular apace, in the interior of organic cell*.
■(•aa),a. [tuvaeuuM. SeeVAOAirr.] Empty
Vao^^t-un (-fim), a. [L., fr. vacuu*.'\ Space entlrelv
devoid of matter ; apace, aa the interior of a closed veaaef,
exhausted to a hiigb degree by an air pump, etc
Va<4» OM'OUn iyWAt raSHilira). [L., go with me.]
Book, etc, carried constantly ; minual ; handbo<dc.
Vac^a-btOd ( vig'i-bSnd ), a. [P. , f r. L. vngalmndtu,
fr. vagari to atroll about, vaguM strolling. See VAona.]
1. Having no aettled habitation ; wandering. 2. Moving
without certain direction ; driven to and fro. 3. Strolling
and idle or vieioua. — n. One having no fixed dwelling
and without meana of honest livelihood ; a vagrant ;
tramp. — VaTA-lMiid'aca (-tj ; 2), Vara-bond'lam
Va-ft^ (vA-gS'rf ), n. [L. vagari.'\ A wandering
ef the thoughts ; wild or fanciful freak ; whim.
Va-gl'Ba (-Ji'n4). n. [L., a scabbard, sheath.] 1. A
■heath ; canal leading from the uterus to the external
orifice of the geoit-U canal. 2. Terminal part of the ovi-
duct In ioaecta and various other invertebrate. 3. Basal
exmnsion of certain leaves. — Vag'i-Btl (vIjT-nal), a.
va'graat (vi'grant), a. [Prob. fr. OP. uratirrnnl^ p. p.
of waucrer to wander, influenced by P. vagrant^ p. pr.
of wngucr to atray, L. vagftri,'] 1. Erratic ; unsettled.
S. Wmdering from pUce to place.— n. An idle wan-
derer : sturdy beggar ; vagabond. — Va'gxailt-ly, adv.
— Va^mat-iMn, Va'gnii-cy (-gran-iiy); n.
VafVO (vaij), a, [F. ; L. rngttg roaming, fr. vagari. "l
1. Wandering ; vagabond. 2. Unsettled ; indefinite ; am-
biguous. 3. Without known anthnrity ; nnauthenticated ;
oncertain. — VaigvVlT, adr. — Vano'Maa^
Srn. — Hi-defined : hasy : loose ; lax ; uncertain.
VllI (vil), n. A r. /. Veil,
V^ll« n. [Aphetic form of avails n.] Money given
to aenranta by viaitors ; gratuity. [Written alao pate.'\
n).
One who pro-
Bidding farewelL— a.
t in American coUegaa.
Van (vH), r. L To lower, or take off, ia token of
inferiority, reverence, etc [Written alao noli, and retf .]
Vain (vin), a. [P. ; L. vantu empty, void, vain.]
X. Having no real aobatance or importiuMM ; emp^ ;
void ; worthleaa. 2. Deatitute of force or efficacy ; m-
eCTectuaL 3. Proud of petty thinga, or of trifling attain-
menta ; conceited ; puffed up. 4. Slaowy ; oatentatioua.
—Vainly, adv. — Valn'Maa, n,
Syn.— Bmpty: worthleaa: ineffeotoal: idle; unreaL
Xa vale, to no purpoae ; without effect ; ineffectually.
Valn'glO^ (vSn'glS'rj^), n. Bxceaalve vanity excited
by one^a own p^omancea ; empty pride ; boaatf ulnesa.
— ValB'glim-oiia, a. — Valn'momnuMy, adv.
Val'anoa (vU'ona), n. [PerL fr. OF. avalant hang-
ing down, p. pr. of avaler to go down ; but prob. fr. the
town of Valence in France.] Hanging drapery for a bed,
couch, window, etc. [Written also valenee.'\
Vala (vil), a. [OB. & F. vol, L. vaUUJl '^^'^^ <><
low ground, or of land between hilla ; valley ; dale.
Vala* n. Tail ; gratuity to a lervant.
Val'a-^o'tloa (vSl/t-dfk'ah&n), n. [L. 9aledietrt,
•dictumt to aav farewell ; vale farewdl (imperative oi vo-
tere to be well) -|- dicere to aay.] A fuewelL
Val'a-dlo-tM-an (-dTk-ts^t^
Douncea a valedictory addreaa.
Val'^^loto-ry (-dlk'tft-rj^), <
Farewell addreaa at c<Mnmenceii ^.
Valenoo (vi^ms), ». [L. va/eiu, -lentUf p. pr. of
vaiere to have power.] Degree of combining power of a
chemical atom (or radical) as shown by the number of
atoms of hydrogen (or of other monada, aa chlorine, so-
dium, etc.) with which it will combine, or for which it
can be subetitnted, or with which It can be compared.
Va-lon'oUnnaa' lace" (vi-Wn/sT-Sm' isa'). Rich
lace made at Vaienciennety in France.
Val'an-cy(vKlVn-s]^orvincn-sy),a. (a) Valence, (fr)
A unit of combining power ; a so-called bond of affinity.
Val'an-tlaa (vll'ra-tin), n. LA sweetheart choaen
on St^ Valentine's Day. 2. A love letter, or burlesque
missive, sent on St. Valentine's Dav.
•t. YalsatlBa'B Day, a day (Feb. 14) sacred to St. Valen-
tine, when it waa believed that birda begin to mate.
Va-la'Il-an (vi.lS'rT-an), n. [LL. Valeriana.'] Plant
with strong-smelling root, used as an antispaamodic.
Val'tt (vXl'St or vXl^), n. [P..] A male servant at-
tending a gentleman's person ; body servant.
II Valst ds chambrs {vklV de Mbx^r*) [P.], a body aer-
vant, or personal attendant.
Val'a-bi'dliia'zl-an (vu «.tu'dT.nifrir.«n), Val'a-tn'-
dl-na-ry (-tu'dT-nft-rj^), a. [L. valetudinariuM, it. vale^
tudo state of health, health, ill health, fr. vatere to be
well.] Of infirm health ; weakly.— n. One of a weak
or sickly constitution ; one seeking to recover health.
Val'lant (-yant), a. [OF. vailtantf volant^ orig. p. pr.
of valoir to be worth, L. ralere to be strong.] 1. In-
trepid ; courageous. 2. Performed with valor or brav-
ery ; heroic — Val1«nt-ly, adv. — Vallant-ntaa, n.
valid (-Td), a. [P. valide, L. vaUdue strong, fr. va-
iere."] X. Having sufficient strength ; founded bi truth ;
capable of being Justified, defended, or supported ; sound ;
eflionclons. 2. Having legal force ; IncMMhle of being
rightfully overthrown or set aside. — Valld-lyt adv. —
Valldnaai, n. - Va-Udl-ty (vi-iidT-ty), n.
Syn. - Prevalent; available; effl^'acioua: Jnat; good;
weighty ; siifflrient : sound ; well-groonded.
Vk-mi^ (rk-\f<*'\ n. [P.] A traveling bag.
Val-la'tton (v«.li'ah&n), n. [L. vallatio, fr. vattare
to fortify, fr. mttum rampart.] Rampart ; intrenchment.
ValOay (tXHT), n. [F. vaUfe, L. vaUU, valle*. See
Valb.] 1. Spaoe indoeed ))etween rangea of hilla or
On, raoont, Arb, r^do, f^ llm, fdbd, fcTot, oat, oU, etaair, so, ains^ ink, Chan, tlllB*
VALLEY ROOP
614
VAQUERO
motintaina; atrip of land at tbe bottom of the deprea-
aiooa interaecting a country, Including unially the bed of
a stream. 2. (a) Tbe meeting of two alopea of a roof,
which have their plates running in differ-
ent directions, (ft) Depression formed
by the meeting of two slopes on a flat foof .
YaUsf reo<; a root having one or more
v2%r(vn'8r),n. [OF. & LL. vo/or,
fr. L. volereto be strong.] [Written also
vahur.} 1. Strength of mmd In regard
to danger; personal braverv.— Vol'or- VsUeyRoof.
ODS (-Qs), a. — VAl'or-ous-ly, a</v.
Syn.— Gallantry; boldness. Bee Cop>Ae«,apd Hmmohhi.
VAl^-a4ll« (-tt-i-b*]), a. 1. Having value or worth ;
pradous; costly. 2. Worthv; estimi^e. ->». A pre-
oioas pouesslon ; thing of value ;— mostly in^.
VArtt-atlon, n. 1. A valuing, or estimating worth ;
appraisement. 2. Value set upon a thing.
Vtl^-ft'tor (^'t8r), n. An appraiser.
VaI'IM (vU'u), n. [OF. valuer fr. valoir^ p. p. vo/tt,
to be worth, fr. L. valert to be strong, to be worth.]
X. Hie property or aggregate properties of a thing ren-
dering it useful or desirable ; worth ; excellence ; im-
portance. 1. Worth estimated by any standard of pur-
chasiug power, esp. by the market price. 3. Precise
signification ; import. 4* Esteem ; regard. 6. Relative
length of ft musical tone or note, answering to quantity
in prosody. — v, t. 1. To estimate the value, or worth,
of ; to rate at a certain price ; to appraise. 1. To rate
highly ; to have in high esteem ; to prise.
Syn. —To compute ; rate ; appraise ; esteem ; respect.
VaI'IW-Imi, a. Being of no value ; having no wortli.
ValT'At* (vUvtt), a. Like, serving as, or opening by,
valves; valvular.
ValTt (vllv), n. [L. valva leaf, fold, or valve of a
door.] 1. A door ; one of a pair of folding doors, or one
of the leaves of such a door. 2. A lid or cover to an
aperture, to permit or prevent passage (of a fluid, etc.).
Val¥^-Ur (vUv^-ler), a. 1. Pert, to a valve, esp.
to the valves of the hearL 2. Containing
valves ; serving as a valve ; opening by
valves; valvate.
Va-moM' (vi-m5s0« v.i.&i. [Sp. va-
fno9 leb us go.] To depart quickly ; to
decamp ; to depart from. [Written also
vamot^ and vamoo*e.'\ \^lang'\
Vamp (vSmp), n. [F. avantpied the
forefoot, v%inp ; avant before -^pied foot,
L. pc*.] 1. The part of a shoe above the Valvular Cap-
sole and welt, and in front of the ankle *"■*•
seam ; an upper. 2. Piece added to an old thing to give
it a new appearance. — v. t. To provide U shoe) with
new upper leather ; to repidr ; tojpatch. — Vamp^er, n.
Vam'pin (vSm'pir), n. [F.] [written also vamj>yr«.]
1. Ohost fabled to leave the
grave and wander by night
sucking the blood of persons
asleep. 2. An extortioner;
bloodsucker. 3. (a) A South
American blood-sucking bat.
(h) Harmless tropical Ameri-
can bat.
Van (vin), f». [Abbr. fr.
vanguard.'] The front of an
array ; front line or f oremoat division of a fleet.
Van, n. [Comiah.l Miner's shovel for cleansing ore.
— r. /. To wash or cleanse (ore) on a shoveL
Van, n. [Abbr. fr. caravan.] 1. A light wagon for
tranaporting goods. 2. Large covered wagon for mov-
ing furniture, etc., alao for conveying wild beast*, et<*.,
for exhibition. 3. A close railway car for baggage. [Eng.']
Van, n. [L. vannHM fan for winnowing grain. Cf.
Fah.] Fan, sieve, etc., for winnowing grain.
m3.
Skull of Vampire, 3 (a).
Va-na'di-vm (v4 ni'dl-Om), n. [NL., fr. loeL Varna-
<flv, surname of the goddess Freya.] A rare demeot
intermediate between metals and non-metals.
Van'dal (vin'dal). n. [L. Vandalut.) 1. One of a
Teutonic race, who plundered Borne in the 5th century,
destroying monuments of art and literature. 2. Ooe
who willfully destroys any work of art or literature. —
Van'dal, Van^lallo (•dilTk), a. - Van'tfal-fm, %.
Vant (vSu), n. [OE. & Prov. E. /oim weathercock,
banner, AS. fana banner, flag.] 1. A contelvsnce at-
tached to some elevated object to show which way tbe
wind blows ; weathercock. 2. Anv flat, extended sur-
face attached to an axis and moved by the wind, water,
air, etc. 3. Rhachis and webof afeather taken together.
Van'gvarA' (vSn'giirdOt »• [For avantpMrd^ F.
avant-garde ; avant before, fore -{- garde guard. 1 Troops
who march in front of an army ; advance guard; van.
Va-nnOa (vA^TlOi), n. (>L, fr. Sp. vainUta^ dim.
of vaina sheath, pod, L. vagina.} 1. A climbing orchida-
oeous plant of tropical America. 2. Its podlike capeuleB,
of a delicate odor, and yielding a voLwtlle, odoriferooa
oil ; flavoring extract made from the capsules.
Vanlah (vSuTsh), r. i. [OF. vanir; fr. L. vantu
empty, vain ; cf. rraneseere to vanisli.1 X. To pass out
of sight ; to disappear ; to fade. 2. To be annihilated
or lost.— n. The brief terminal part <rf a vowel or vocal
element, differing in quality from the main part ; as, a
as in o/e orduiarily ends with a vanish of < as In iU.
Vanl-ty (-T-ty ), n. [L. vanitast tr- vauvs empty, vain.]
1. The being vain; want of substance; unrealneas;
falsity. 2. Uiflation of mind upon slight grounds ; over-
weening conceit ; ostentation. 3. TlMt which is vain or
unsubstantial ; empty pleasure : idle show.
8yn. — Emptiness ;self-suiBciency. See Eootum, and
Peidb.
Van'QQiah (vIsnEwTah), r. t. [F. vaincrt^ it. L. rta-
cere ; akin to AS. wig war, battle, wlgend a warrior.]
1. To conquer or subdue in battle. 2. To get the better
of : to put down ; to refute. — Van'qniall-a-l»la, a.
Syn. — To overcome ; c<mf ute ; silence. See CovQinBU
Van'tagt (v&n'ttj ; 2), fi. [F. avaniage. See Ai>va«-
TAOB.] 1. Superior situation or opportunity ; advantage.
2. The flrst point after deuce, in lawn tennis.
Taatage grouid, superiority of state or place ; condition
which gives one an advantage over another.
VaplA (vipad), a. [L. vapidut having lost its life
and spirit; akin to vappa vapid wine, vapor vapor.]
Having lost iU life and spirit ; flat; dull.— Vap^4y,
adv. - Vaold-neM, Va-pMI-tT (vi-pTdl-ty), n.
Va'por (vi'pSr), n. [L.] [Written alao tw/xwr.] 1.
Any substance in the gaseoua, or aeriform, state, which
ordinarily is liquid or solid. 2. Visible diffused substance
in the atmosphere, impairing its transparency, as smoke,
fog, etc. 3. Something unsubstantial ot transitory ; vain
imagination ; idle talk ; boasting. 4. i>{. An old name
for melancholy ; the blues. 6. A medicanal agent for ad-
miniatn^on in the fmtn of inhaled vapor. —v. <. 1. To
pass off in fumes, or as a moist, floating substance ; to
ateam; to evaporate. 2. To talk idly; to brag. — r. L
To send off in vapor.
Vap'O-ra-Ma (vlp^-ri-b*!), a. Capable of being con-
verted into vapor by heat. — Vap^O-ra-MH-ty. n.
Va'por-«r (vi'pSr.^r), n. One who vapors ; a braggart.
Vap^O-dflo (vIp^rTflk), a. [L. vapor -^ /acert to
make.] Producing vapor ; tending to paas into vapor.
Vairo-zlao (vXp^-ris or vi'pSr-is), V. /. To convert
Into vapor, aa by application <rf heat. — r. i. To pass off
in vapor. — Vap^o-ri-ia'tkin, n.
Va'por-mia (VrpSr-Oa), a. l. Having the form or na-
ture of vapor. 2. Full of vapora or exhalstions. 3. Pro-
ducing vi^pors ; windy ; flatulent. 4. Unreal ; vain.
Va'por-y, a. X. Full of vapors ; vaporous. 2. Hypo-
chondriacal; splenetic; peevidi.
II Va-qna^o (vK-kt'r«), n. [Sp., eowherd, fr. vaea a
ft, 8, 1, 8, a, long ; ft, «, I, ft, O, t» ahort ; sMiAte, « vent, tdea, 6bey, ttnite, e4re, iirm. Ask, »ll, teiri.
VARIABILITY
616
VEGETABLE
eow, I^ voMo.] One who hai cbmrge of cattle, honM,
etc ; • herdsman. [Souihwe^em u. S.}
Va^M^-UaCvi'rT-i-b'O^a. 1. Haviiw th« capacity of
varybig or ciiaugiug ; ciuuigeable. 2. Liable to vary ;
mutable ; fickle ; uueteady. — n. 1. That which la va-
riable or aubject to chauge. 2. A luathematical quantity
which may iucreaae or decrease ; a quantity wliich admiia
of an infinite number of values in the same expression.
3. Ca) A shifting wind, or one that varies in force. (6)
pi. Those parte of the sea wliere a steady wind is not ex-
pected, esp. the jMtfts between the trade-wind belts. — Va'-
rl-a-bU-BtJUi, wrl-i-liin-ty, n. — Va'M-a-Uy, adv,
Vall-aaM (-ons), n. 1. A being variant ; change of
condition ; Tariation. 2. Difference that produces dia-
Cie or controversy ; dispute ; quarrel. 3. Disagreement
tween two parts of the same legal proceeding, which,
to be effectual, ought to agree, — as between the writ and
the declaration, or between the allegation and the proof.
At varlaaos, in a state of dissension ; at enmity.
Vftfrt-ABt (•<znt), a. [L. varians^ p. pr. of variart to
ehange.] Varying in form, character, etc. ; variable ; dif-
ferent; diverse.— n. Something which differs in form
from another thing, though realty the same.
Vall-at* (-«t), V, t. A L To alter ; to vary.
YMfli^tiaii n. 1. A varying ; partial chanse in the
form, position, state, or qualities of a thing ; modification ;
deviation. 2. Extent to which a thins varies ; amount
or rate of change. 3. Clumge of termination of words,
as in deolensiou, conjugation, derivation, etc. 4. Repe-
tition of a musical theme or melody with embellishments
or modifications, in time, tune, harmony, etc.
Var^l-MM' (Wbfl-klSs'), a. [L. varicanu.} Irregu-
leriy swollen or enlarged.
Vk'rl-d-fat* (vi'rT-t-git), r. /. [L. variegare^ -gatum;
varitu various -f- ogere to make.] To diversify ; to
mark with different colors. — VA'll-d-ga'tlOill, n.
Va-rfe-ty (v4.rl'*-ty), n. [L. vanelas.} 1. The be-
ing various ; diversitv. 2. That which is various ; col-
lection of different things ; varied assortment ; something
differing from others of the same general kind ; a sort ;
a snbdiviBion, or peculiar form, of a speciea.
Byn. — Yaeiktt ; DiVBEsmr ; difference ; kind. — A
man has a vnritty of employments when he does many
things which are not a mere repetition of the same act ;
he has a divtrtUy of employments when the several acts
performed are unlike each other, that is, diverge.
Va-rl'0-U(-d-lA),n. [LL., fr. L. vaHu«.] The smaU-
pox. - Va-rl'a-Ur (-I3r), Va-rl'o-loiii (-lOs). a.
Vl'rt-O-lOld (vi'rT-6-loid or vlr^-), a. irariola +
Resembling smallpox ; pert, to varioloid. — n.
Qpox as modified by previous inoculation or vaccina-
tion, uauaily a milder disease.
nvall-onrmB (vi^rT-S'rfim), a. [L., abbr. fr. cum
noii* variorum with notea of various persons.] Contain-
ingnotea by different persons ; — applied to a book.
VA'ri-OlU (vS'rT-&s), a. [L. varitu.^ 1. Different;
diverse ; several ; manifold. 2. Changeable ; uncertain ;
variable. 3. Variegated ; diversified.— Va^-OOS-ly, adr.
VarOst (vilrn«t), H. [OF. varlet, rtuMy valltt, serv-
ant, young man, youns noble, dim. of vnual. See Valbt.]
A low fellow : scoundrel ; rascal.
Var'iDiall (-nTsh), n. [P. remiMy akin to tfemir to
varnish, f r. (assumed) LL. riirinire to glase, fr. L. ritrum
glasa.] 1. A viscid liquid, consisting of a solution of
resinous matter in oil or a volatile liquid, laid on work to
give It a smooth, hard surface, with a gloss. 2. A glossy
appearance; outside show; gloss.— r. /. 1. To cover
vrtth a liquid which produces, when dry, a hard, glossy
sarface. 2. To give a fair coloring to ; to gloss over.
Vafy (vi'ry), r.t.&i. [L. variare^ fr. variiu vari-
Ofia.1 1. To alter in form, substance, position, etc. ; to
modify. 2. To exchange. 3. To alter or clumge in suc-
ceasion ; to alternate. 4. To deviate; to swerve. 6* To
disagree ; to be at variance or in dissension.
Vaa'en-lar (vKsOct-l3r), a. [L. vateulum a nnall vea-
ael, dim. of va* vessel, vase.] Coutointiug of, or contain-
ing, vessels as an essential part oi a vegetable or animal
atructure ; full of veasela, ducta, or tubes.— Vaa^oa-lai'-
1-^ (-Urf-ty ), fi. [omameuul urn. I
vase (vSs or vSs), n. [F., fr. L. vas, vamm.l An|
Vaa^a-Una (vis^-lTn or -ISu), n. [U. tpaster water -f
Or. cAduor olive olL] A yellowish translucent substanoeu
obtained aa a reaidue in purifying petroleum, and used
aa an unguent, and in the arta. [Written also vatelin.^
Vaa^aal (vis'sal). «. [F., fr. UL.. vassaUuMt vautu;
of Celtic origin.] JU One who holds land of a superior,
and who vows flcfelity and hooiage to him ; feudal tenant.
2. A subject ; servant ; bondman ; alave. — o. Slaviah ;
servile. - Vaa^aal-af* (-tj ; 2), n.
Vast (vAst), a. [L. vashu empty, waste, immense.]
1. Of great extent ; enormous. 2. Very great in num-
bers, quantity, force, etc. — n. A waste n^on ; bound-
less space. — VaMly, adv. — Vasf nosa, ».
Syn. — Enormoua ; huge ; immense ; mighty.
Vat (vftt), n. [AS. /ef.] Large vessel, cistern, or
tub, esp. one for holding liquors, chemical preparations
for dyeing or tanning, etc.
Vatl-oan (vlta-kan), ». [L. Vaiicamu the Vatican
hill, in Rome.] A magnificent assemblage of buildinga
at Rome, including the pope's palace, a museum, library,
chapel, etc. ; — often uaed to indicate the papal authority.
Vatl-oaB-lam* n. Doctrine of papal supremacy.
Vatl-Olda (-sid), a. [L. votes a prophet -f- eaedere to
kill.] Murder, or murderer, of a prophet. [phetic. I
Va-tll/l-lial (vi-tTs^-nal), a. Pert, to prophecy ; pro-|
Va-ttot-nata (-nit), v.i.AL ll,.,vaiicinariy -nattu^
to prophesy, f r. vtUe*.} To prophesy ;' to foretell. — Va-
tlO'i-lia'tlMl,n.-Va-tlol-lia't«r(-tTsa.na/tir),n. [L.]
II Vanda'vma (vSd'vIl), n. [F., fr. Vau^-vire, a vU-
lage in Normandy.] 1. A lively kind of song, often
satirical. 2. A theatrical piece, whose disloffue is
intermingled with satirical songs, set to familiar airs.
Vault (vf^t), n. [LL. roUa, for voluia, fr. L. volvere,
roiututn^ to roll, turn about.] 1. An arched ceiling or
canopy of masonry. 2. An arched apartment ; esp., a
subterranean
room, for storing
articles, for a
prison, for inter- |
ment, etc. ; a cell ; j
ceUar. 3. The can-
opy of heaven; j
sky. 4. [F. PoUey j
It. voUoy orig., a ]
turn, and same j
word as volta an
arch.l A leap or '
bound. — r. /. 1.
To form or cover
with a vault; to
arch. 2. To leap
over ; esp., to leap
over by aid of the
hands or a pole. —
r. i. To leap ; to bound ; to spring.
VaUBt (vlint or vf^nt), v. i. A t. [F. vanter^ LL. ro-
nitare^ fr. L. roniM vain.] To boast; to brag.— a. A
vain displav of wluit one is, has, or has done ; boast.
Vaal (vK), n. [OE. A OF. veel, L. vUeUna, dim. of
vUulvt calf .1 Flesh of a calf when killed for food.
Va'da (viM4 or vS'dA), n. [Skr. vMa, prop., knowl-
edge, fr. vid to know.] The ancient sacrea literature <rf
the Hindoos. — Va^dlo, a.
Ve-datta' (vl-d«f ), n. [F. vedette. It. vodetta, fr. L.
vigilia watch.] A sentinel, usually on horseback.
Vaar(vSr), V. i.&/. [F. Hrer, IX. virare.] To change
direction ; to turn ; to shift.
Vare-ta-Ma (vSj'^-tA.bn), a. [F. vig4tnble growing,
Vsult, 2.
ISm, recent, 6rb, r^de, f^ Am, food, ftfbt, o«t, oil, ol&air, go, aing, igk, ta&en, tlUn.
VEGETAL
616
VENOM
fr. L. vegetatUis MdiTeninff, fr. vegetare to enUTm,
ouickan, rtgere to arouae ; Mn to vigil watchful.] 1.
mt. to, Uln, or produood by, plants. 2. Conaiating of,
or oomprfaiiig, plants. — n. 1. A plant. 2. A j^ant
cultivated for food for man or domestic animals ; edible
part of such a plant, as prepared for market or the table.
Vtf'^-Ul (vij't.tal), a. [F. vigitoL] 1. Pert to
vegetables, or the vegeUble kingdom. 2. Pert, to the
vital phenomena common to plants and animals, disting.
fr. Mtuation and votiUon^ which are peculiar to animals.
V«r*-ta11raB (-ti'rl-4xn), fi. One who holds that
vegetables and fruits are the only proper food for man.
— a. Pert, to vegetarianism. ~ Vtf '•-U'tl-AB-iim, n.
VM'e-tftto (-tit), V. i. [L. tfegetare, -tatum, to en-
liven.] 1. To grow, as plants, by nutriment imbibed by
roots and leaves ; to sprout ; to germinate. 2. To lead
a Ufe too low for an animate creature ; to do nothing
but eat and grow. S. To grow exuberantly.
Vtg'O-U'lloll, n. 1. A vegetoting, or growing as a
plant does. 2. The sum of vegetable life ; plants in
generaL 3. Exuberant morbid outgrowtli.
V«r*-U-tlTt (v«j1.tft-tTv), a. 1. Growing as plants ;
capable of vegetating. 2. HaTing power to produce
growth in planta. S. Having relation to growth.
VelM-IIMOt (vBOil-ment), a. [L. vehement^ the first
part perh. akin to vekertXo oarry, and the second men*
mind.] 1. Acting with great force; violent; mighty.
2. Very ardent, eager, or fervent ; passionate. — VelM-
- m-ly, €ulv. — Whi^i
I (-m«ns), n.
Syn. — Furious ; raging ; eager ; hot; fervid ; burning.
Vo'llMle (viOiT-kn), n. [L. vehieuium, fr. vehere.]
1. A carriage; means of conveyance. 2. Anything used
as the instrument of oonveyanoe or communication. 3. A
substance in which medicine is taken. 4. Any liquid
with which a pigment isaraUed. — V*-llio^-lar (vl-hTk'-
«-l8r), V*-lli0^-U-rT i'\fh)y o.
VtO (vil), n. [OE. A OF. veile, L. velum a sail, cov-
ering, curtain, veiL] [Written also rot/.] 1. Bometblng
hung up, or spread out, to intercept the view, and hide an
object ; curtain ; screen to hide or proteet the face. 2. A
oover ; disguise ; mask ; pretense. — v. t, 1. To throw a
veil over. 2. To cover; to conceal.
Vdn (vin), n. [F. refiM, L. vena."} 1. One of the ves-
sels which carry blood to the heart. 2. One of the
smaller branches of the framework of a leaf. 3. One of
the ribs In the framework of insects* wings. 4. A narrow
mass oi rook faatersecting other rocks, and filling inclined
or verticid fissures not corresponding with the stratifica-
tion ; lode ; dike. 6. A fissure, deft, or cavity. 0. A
streak of dilferent color, in wood, marble, etc. ; vari^a-
tion. 7. A train of associations, thoughts, emotions, etc.
8* Peculiar temper or temperament ; turn of mind ; hu-
mor ; strain. -» v. /. To form or mark with veins ; to fill
or oover with veins. — VallMd (vand), Veln'y (vin^V), o.
ValOI-cat* (vnaT-kIt), v. I. k i. [L. veUieare, -catum,
to twitch, fr. vellere to pluck, pullj To twitch convul-
alvely ; to move spasmodically. — Volll-OA'tton, n.
Vttinm (vSinSm), n. [L. vUuHnut of a calf, fr.
viiului calf. See Vkal.] Parchment, usually made from
calfskin, for writing npon, snd for binding books.
Ve-100l-podt(v«-15«n-p«d),n. [L. v«to2, -/oct:«, swift
•^peSf pedi*^ foot.] A light road carriage propelled by
the feet of the rider.
VMOoa-ty (-T-ty), n. [L. velocUag, fr. relox.'\ 1.
Quickness of motion ; speed ; rapidity. 2. Rate of motion.
Val^et (vSKv«t), n. [LL. v^lluhtm, fr. viUiUtu
>I>«n7« 'r* L. villus shaggy hair ; akin to vellus a fieece,
and B. wool.'] 1. A silk fabric, having a close nap of
erect threads. 2. Soft, deciduous skin covering deer's
antlers during their rapid growth. — a. Made of velvet ;
soft and delicate, like velvet ; velvety.
Val'T«t-««ll' (•«n'), n. Cloth, usually cotton, made
in imitation of velvet ; cotton velvet.
Val^ret-y i-f), a. Made of velvet ; like velvet ; soft.
llVt')B«(v8'nA).n. fL. See Vinr.] AvvIb.
▼snaoava. [L.,iit.,hoUowvefai.) Any one of the
systemic veins connected directly with the heart.
Vernal (vS'nal), a. [L. venalit, fr. venut sale.] Ca-
pable of being bought ; held for sale : meroenary : Ui«-
ling. — Ve-ludl-tY (-nll^-ty), n.
Syn. — VsxAL ; Mucbhakt ; hireling ; vendible. — Ona
is mercenary who i» a hireling (aa, mercenary soldiers, a
mercenary judge, etc. ). or is governed by a sordid love of
gain. Venal goes further, and supposes either an actoal
purchase^ or a readiness to be purcnaaed, which plaoes a
person or thing wholly in the power of the poichaaer.
Van'a-ry (viu'A-rj^), a. [LL. venoriM, fr. L. veuari
to hunt.] Pert, to hunting.
Vend (v<o<))« V* I- [F. vendre. L. vendert^ fr. eanrm
dare ; venue sale -f- dare to give.] To sell. [or sold. |
VMld-«*'(vSnd-F),ii. One to whom a thimr la vended, I
VmA'n (vSnd'Sr), n. One who vends ; aeUar ; vendor.
llV«lkd0rU(vSn^t^),i>. [It.] A blood feud ;prft.
vate revenge for the murder of a kinsman.
VMldl-llto (vSndT-bl), a. Capable of behig vended,
or sold ; salable.— n. Something to be sold.— Voidl-bl*-
iMM, Vendl-blll-tT (-bTia-tf ), ». - Voidl^y, adv,
Van-dinton (vSn-dTsh'fin), ». [L. reii<li/io.] Sale.
Vend'or (vCnd'Sr), n. Seller ; — correl. of vendee,
Vftt-dlM^CvSn-du'),**. [OF.] An auction. [05«o/e«.]
Ve-llO«r' (vl-nSr'), r. t. [O. fumieren, fr. F. foumir
to furnish.] To overlay with a thin layer of wood, etc.
for outer finish or decoration. — n. Thin leaf or layer of
a more valuable or beautiful material for overlaying an
inferior one ; external show ; false pretense.
Ve-neertllf, n. 1. Act or art of one who ve
2. Thin wood or other material oaed aa a veneer.
and awe;
sacred by religious or other associaUona. — Van'er-A-ttU-
aeM, «. — V«n'«r-a-bl7, adv.
Van'er-at* (-it), v. t. [L. venerori, -rahu ; akin to
E. irifisome.]^ To regard mth mingled n
to revere. — Vftt'cr-ft'tor, a. — VWer-l
Syn. — Awe ; reverence : respect. See
Ve-aeYd-Al (vt-nS'rt-ol), a. [L. rmeretM, f r. IVtittc,
Venerity Venus, goddess of love.] 1. Pert, to venery,
or sexual love or intercourse. 2. (a) Arising from aex>
ual intercourse. (6) Adapted to the cure of venereal
diseaaes. 3. Adapted to excite veooreal desire.
Van'er-y (vSn^r-y), n. Sexual love ; ooitkm.
Van'ery* *»• [F* vinerie^ tr, OF. vener to Inmt, I^
venari. Bee VsmooH.] Hunting ; sports of the chasa.
V#'II*-ieOtloll(v5'nt-«ek'shfin)jfi, [JXh. venaeetctio ;
L. vena vein -f eectio section.] The opening a vein tor
letting blood ; bloodletting ; phlebotomy.
V^-mObUl (vt-nS'shan), a. Pert, to Yeoioe in Italy.
— n. An inhabitant of Venice.
VtnM'aillM (vin/ons), n. [F., fr. venger to aveiwe,
L. vindicare to lay claim to, defoid, avenge, fr. vinaes
cl»i?ivi.int, defender, svpncw.] PnnUhmcnt inflicted in
reiimi 1 1 ir Jilt f Injury ; TL'tribytiau i r*"vtiij^.--.
Venga^ftU, t. VludictU^^ j rFiributiv<> ; nivengefoL
Vfi'[S-al l^E'nf^jy, a. [OF.; L, venMlUf fr. renim
pa f! I k i [ 1 1 ] ^^*'■M^ ; Kkiti to rrtifrari lo irrbi'tnte.] Cape-
Die 111 bfiiiir fnirgiv^'ii; PicnjifLliltf ; pftrdoiublo. — V^Hll-
•llT. ^T7r. - Velil «l-neM, Vmi-ai'l tT isyi-tS), n,
I ¥»-iil're lA'ci-aA (vl-ni'r^ n'tLT^). [L., make to
come, } ( ri ) A j mi icM w rit requiring U*e aheriff to canaa
a c'^rtAin lumkbrr of rjiiilifled peraons to apfttar in court,
to Mti ti ad iitroTJk (d) A sufnmons to cause the party
Inflicted on a penal statute to appear. Called alsr retire,
Venl-MII (vSna-t*n or v8n's*n), n. [OE. Si OF. «•>
f»ei«m, L. venatio hunting, game, fr. renarl, hui/m, to
hunt.] Orig., flesh of edible beasU of the chase, also of
gsme birds ; now, fleah of anironls of the deer kind.
Ven'oni (-fim), n. [OB. & OF. renim, L. reaitvum.]
1. Ifatter fatal or injurions to life; poison; ~ '
fi, 8, 1,8,11, kMig ; ft, «, 1, 6, a,ti«hort; senate, ivent. Idea, 6bey,ttnite,cftre,llnB,Aak,||]l,l
VENOMOUS
617
VERJUICE
BMtler whiob nxpents, •oorpions, bese, etc, tecnte, uid
communicate by biting or ■tiughiR:. 2. Spite; malice.—
Vea'ooi-oiiB (vSn'Om-Oa). a. — Van'om-oiu-ly, adv.
Sjn. — Venom ; virus ; bane. See Poisow.
Vt'iunu (rS'uQa), a, [L. venosus^ tr. vena a vein.]
1. Pert, to the veins. 2. Contained in the veins, or hav-
ing the same qualitiea as if contained in tlie veins; of
dark Uuish color and containing insufBcient oxygen to
be fit for oxygenating the tissues ; — said of the blood,
and opp. to arterial, 3. Marked with veins ; veined.
V«nt (v«nt), n. [F. /enU a slit, cleft, fr. /endre to
split, L. findert ; prob. confused with F. vent wind, L.
veniuaA 1. A small aperture ; passage for air or fluid.
2. (a) Anal openhig of certain animals. (6) Opening at
the breech of a firearm ; touchhole. 3. Outlet ; escape ;
utterance. — v. t. 1. To let out at a vent, or small aper-
ture ; to give outlet to. 2. To let out ; to utter.
Vantl-dllOt (vSnai-dfikt), f». [L. ventu* whid -\- due-
tut conduit, fr. dueere^ duetum^ to lead.] A passage for
wind or air ; pipe for ventilating apartments.
Vtlftl-late (-lit), V. t. IL. ventilart, -latum, to toss,
ten, winnow, fr. venttu wind.] 1. To open and expose
to the free passage of air ; to supply with fresh air.
2. To provide with a vent, or escape, for air, gas, etc.
3. To winnow ; to fan. 4. To sift and examine ; to sub-
ject to penetrating scrutiny. 6. To give vent to ; to make
public.— VWtl-lk'tlim.n. - Vantl-U'tor (-irt8r), n.
Vanlnd (-trol), a. [L. ventralU, fr. veiUer belly.]
1. Pert, to, or near, the oellv, or ventral side, of an am-
mal ; abdominal ; — opp. to dorsal. 2. (a) Pert, to that
■urfaoe of a carpel, petal, etc., which faces toward the
center of a flower. (6) Pertaining to the lower surface
of a 'Creeping moss or other low flowerleas plant.
VMKtn-dw (-trT-k1), n. [L. ventriculttt, dim. of ven-
ter.'] A cavity of an organ, as of the larynx or the brain ;
posterior chamber of the heart, which receives blood from
the auricle and forces it out from the heart.
VtB-tlll'O-avism (-trTI'6-kwTz'm), Van-txU'o-Qity
(-kw5), n. A speaking so that the voice appears to come
from some other person or source. — Van-tnl'O-Ollist, n.
Ven-trll'O-qililS (-kwiz), v.i. To use ventriloquism.
VMl-trll'0-qilOlll (-kwlis), a. [L. ventriloquuM a ven-
triloquist ; venter belly -\- loqui, p. p. loeutut, to speak.]
Pert, to a ventriloquist or ventriloquism.
Vtll'tlirt (vVn^tfir ; 40), n. [Aphetic form of OE.
aventure. See Aovsntuxs.] 1. Dangerous undertaking ;
haiard ; risk ; speculation. 2. Accident ; chance ; hap ;
luck. 3. Thing put to hasard ; risk ; something sent to
aea In trade. — v. i. X. To hasard one's self ; to dare.
2. To run a hazard or risk ; to take the chances. — r. t.
1. To expose to hasard ; to risk. 2. To put or send on a
venture or chance. — Van'tlir-«r, n.
Vailtlire-flOllM (-slim), a. inclined to venture ; bold ;
daring; adventurous. — ventlire-Mmd-ly, n^f v.
V«ntlir-<niB(-tt9),a. Adventurous.— Vantnr-oos-ly,
adv. — Vmt'tiir-oui-iMM, n.
Van'IM (v«n'tt), n. [F., a coming, Mnrival, fr. venir to
come, L. venire ; hence, in English, place whither the
Jury are mimmoned to come.] Neighborhood ; place or
county in wnlch anything is alleged to have happened ;
]dace where an action is laid.
Vegans (vS'nlis), n. [L. Venu», -neris, goddess of love,
the planet Venus.] 1. The Roman goddess of beauty and
love. 2. The planet second from the sim ; — as morning
star, called Lucifer ; as evening star, Hexperu*.
Vo-im'eiinui (vt-ri'shOs), a. [L. verax^ -racu. it. vertu
true.] 1. Observant of truth ; tmthfuL 2. True ; not
false. - Ve-raol-ty (-rttoa-tj), n.
V^-na'dftC-rib/dA),!!. rEast India word.] An open,
roofed portico, adjoining a dwelling house.
V«l1> (v8rb), n. [L. verbum word, verb.] A word
which afBrms or predicates sometliing of some person or
tiling; part of speech expressing bcdng, action, or the
suffering of action.
iF. vert antique;
(a) ^ mottled-
V«aNa(v8r^l),a. [F., fr. L. verte/if. See Vm.]
1. Expressed in words ; spoken ; oral. 2. Having to do
with words only. 3. Word for word ; litersL 4. Pert,
to a verb ; derived directly from a verb ; used In forming
verbs. — n. A noun derived from a verb.
Vafbal-Uui, n. Something expressed verbally ; ver*
bal remark. [criuo of, words ; a literallst. |
Vef'iMU-llt, n. A literal adherent to, or a mhintel
VerOMl-ly, adv. 1. in a verbal manner ; oraUy. 2.
Word for word ; verbatim. [verbally. I
nVer-tatl]ll(-bi'tTm),mfv. fLL.] Word for word ;|
Vw-be'aa (-bS'nA), n. [L.] An herbaceous pUnt cul-
tivated for the beauty of its flowers ; vervain.
Ynltn-tLtUm (-bSr-B'shOn), n. [L. verberatio, fr.
verAernrf, -ra/um, to beat, fr. verier laah.1 X. A beating
or strikhig. 2. ImoulBe of a body, which causes sound.
V«r1ll-age (-bT-tJ ; 2), n. [F., fr. OF. verbe a word.]
Use of many words with little sense ; verbosity.
Ver-lMMe^ (-bSsO» o* [L. verboeut, fr. verbum."}
AlMunding in words ; using more words than necessary ;
tedious by multiplicity of words ; prolix ; wordy. — Var-
iMMe^aM, Ver-bMl-ty (-b5s^-^), n.
Ver^dant (vSr^dont), a. [F. rerdojfontt p. pr. of r«f.
doyer to grow green, OF. r«tf, vert, L. viridis green.]
1. Covered with growing plants or grass ; green ; fresh.
2. Unripe In knowledge or judgment; raw; green.
[Cotfoo.] — Vtr'daiiMy, adv. — Vor^dan-oy, n.
Vert' aa-tlqaf (v8rd' iu-t«k'). ["
verd, vert, green 4' antique ancient.]
green serpentine marble. (6) A green porphyry.
Ver'dlOt (vgr'dTkt), n. [LL. verdietum. veredietum;
L. vere truly (fr. verus true) -|- dictum a saying, fr. dicere^
dictum, to say.1 1. Decision of a jury. 2. Judgment.
Ver'dl-grfa (-dT-grSs), n. [F. vert-de-grit, iqiparently
f r. verd, vert, green -f <te of -f gri* gniy » but really cor-
rup. of IX. viride aerit, f r. L. viridit green -\- aet, aerit,
brass.] 1. A green poisonous substance used as a pig-
ment and drug, obtained by action of acetic acid on cop-
per. 2. The green rust formed on copper. [CoUoq.']
Vtr'di-ter ^dT-t8r), n. [F. vert-de-terre, lit., green of
earth.] (a) Orig., verdigris. (6) Either of two pig-
ments (blue verditer, and green verditer) made by treat-
ingcopper nitrate with calcium carbonate.
Ver'dars (-dttr), n. [F., fr. L. viridit.} Green;
greenness : freshness of verotation. — Ver^dormoa, a.
V«rga (v8rj), n. [r. ; L. virga; perh. aUn to E.
icitp."] 1. Staff, carried as an emblem of authoritv. 2.
Limit or boundary of a space; edge, margin, or Drink.
3. A circumference ; circle ; ring. 4. (a) Shaft of a
column, {b) Edge of tiling projecting over the gable of
aroof. — r. «. 1. To border upon ; to tend ; to approach.
2. To bend downward ; to slope.
Sjm. — Border ; edge ; rim ; brim ; margin ; brink.
Ver'Mr (vSr'jJr), n. [F.] One who carries a verge,
or emblem of office ; attendant upon a bishop, dean, etc. ;
official in charge of the interior of a church building.
Veri-ly (veHf-fl), v. t. [F. verifier, LL. veHftcare,
tr. L. verut true -f -jflcare to make.] 1. To prove to be
true ; to confirm ; to substantiate. 2. To authenticate.
— Vert-fl-«, n.— Ven-fl'a4ito, «.- Vof'Ml-oatlOB, n.
VerfHy (-1V), adv. In very truth ; beyond doubt or
question ; in fact ; certainly.
Ver'i-llml-lar (-sTmT-lSr), a. pi veritimUit ; verut
-\- timilit like, similar.] Having the appearance of
truth : likely. - V«ri-li-mlll-tade (-sT-mfn-tud), n.
V«r'l-to.Ma(v«r^.t4.bn),a. [r. vh-ttable. SeeVn-
mr.] Agreeable to truth or to fact ; actual ; real ; true ;
genuine. — Verft-ta-bly , adv.
Van-ty (-ty), n. [F. vMtS, L. fferitat, fr. verut.}
1. The being triiA ; fact. 2. That which Is true ; leallty.
Vor^uioe' (vgr'jus'), n. [F. veHut juice of green
fruits ; verd, vert, green -{-jut juice.] 1. Sour juice of
crab apples, unripe grapes, apples, etc.; add UquoT
made from such Juice. 2. Tartness ; ■oumees.
fini, reo«nt, 6rb, nide, f^ llm, food, fdbt, out, oil, dulr, go, sins. Ink, ta&en, ihla.
VERMES
618
VERTIGO
R VcrlDM (vSKmSx), n. pi. [L. vermett pL of ffermit
m worm.] (a) An artihciul divlaion of aniuiftla, ixkcludiug
parasitic worma, nutny formt of aM worms, and, some-
times, the Bryosoa, Timicata, etc. (b) A more restricted
group, comprising only the helminths and closely allied
orders.
Verml-Otfiai (-m^-chSlIT or -seilT), n. [It, pi. of
vermicello little worm, dim. of verme worm, L vermis.']
Wbtmt paste made into a slender, wormlike form.
Vcr-mll/ll-Ur (-mTk'tt-l8r), a. [L. vermieulus a Uttie
worm, dim. of vertnit.'] Pert, to, or like, a worm ; re-
■embliug the motion or track of a worm.
V«r-llllc/a-lat« (-lit), v. t. [L. vermieulatus inlaid so
as to resemble tracks of worms, p. p. of vermiculuri to be
full of worms, fr. rermicii/«*.] To work with impres-
sions resembling tracks of worms, —a. 1. Wormlike in
shape; covered with wormlike lines of color, or with
wavy impressed lines like worm tracks. 2. Crawling
like a worm ; insinuating ; sophistical.
Ver-mto'n-U'tlOB, n. [L. vermiculatio a being worm-
eaten.] 1. A movinff in the manner of a worm ; con-
tinuation of motion from one part to another. 2. A
vermiculating, or forming or inlaying so as to resemUe
the motion, track, or work of a worm. 3. Penetration
by worms ; the being worm-eaten.
Var-mic'n-lOM' (-ISsO, I a. Containhig, full of, or
Ver-mto^-Uma (-IQs), ) resembling, worms.
VarlDi-lonil (vSr'ml-ferm), a. [L. rertnis -f -form.'}
Besembling a worm in form or motions ; vermicular.
▼smdform ^psadlz, a slender blind process of the
csBCum ;— called also vermiform appendage^ and vermi-
form process. Small solid bodies, such as grape seeds or
ciieny stones, sometimes lodge in it, causing serious, or
fatal, inflammation. See lUusl. under Diokstiok.
Vafml-flice (-fuj), n. [F. ; L. vermis -f fugare to
drive away, f r. fugere to flee.] Medicine to expel worms
from animal bodies ; an anthelmintic.
Ver-mlllOB (-mTKyfin), n. [F. vermilion^ fr. L. ver-
mieulus (dim. f r. vermis) little worm, the kermes insect.]
1. A bright red pigment consisting of mercuric sulphide,
having a flne rea color, and used in coloring sealing wax,
in printing, etc. 2. A lively and brilliant red.
verfmln (-mtn), %. sing. & pi. [F. vermine^ fr. L.
vermis.'^ A mischievous animal ; noxious little animals
or insects, collectiTely, as rats, flies, lice, bugs, etc.
V6r'mi-]Uito(-mT-nit), v. i. [L. verminare^ fr. vermis.}
To breed vermin. — Ver'ml-na'tiOIl, n.
Verlnla-aiUI (-mTn-Os). a. [L. rerminosus.'] 1. Breed-
ingvermin ; infested Iw vermin. 2. Caused "by vermin.
Vtr-mlp'a-roilS (-mlp'i-rlis), a. [L. vermis -{- parere
to bring forth.] Producing or breeding worms.
Ver-mlT'O-roill (-mtv'tJ-rOs), a. ih. vermis -^ vorare
to devour.] Feeding on worms.
Ver-lUUrn-lar (-nak'tt-lSr), a. [L. vemticulus native,
fr. vema slave bom In his master*s house, prob. akin to
Skr. vas to dwell, E. was."] Belonging to the country
of one's birth ; native ; Indigenous. — n. One*s mother
tongue ; common forms of expression in a locality.
Veronal (-nol), a. [L. vemalis^ f r. ver spring ; akin
to B. Easter t easlA 1. Pert, to the spring ; appearing
in the spring. 2. Belonging to youth, the spring of life.
Vor'M-tUe (-sA-tTl), a. [L. rersntilis, fr. versare to
turn around, v. freq. of rertere. See
Tbbsb.] 1. Capable of being turned
round. 2. Liable to be turned In opin-
ion : changeable ; variable ; inconstant.
3. Turning witli ease from one thing to
another ; many-«ided.— Ver'M-tUe-ly,
arfr. — Ver'M-tlle-iMM, VaTM-tlll-
ty (-tTlT-ty), n. VeristileBtammi
Vena (vSrs), n. [L. versfu, fr. ver- ot Paidon Flower.
tere^ rersum^ to turn.] 1. A line consisting of a certain
number of metrical feet. 2. Metrical arrangement and
language ; verslflcation ; poetry. 3. A short division of
any oompoaition ; a stanza ; a stave ; one of the short
divisious of tite chaptera hi the Old and New Tleataments.
Vtned IvSnt), a. [L. versatusy p. p. of versari to
turn over, to be engaged in a thing, paauve of versart,}
Acquainted or familiar : skilled : practiced.
Ver'H-^to (vSr^^T-kn), n. [L. versieulus, dfan. of
versus.] A little verse ; verse or text said or sung in
public worship by the priobt, and followed by a response.
Vtr'al-f7 (-fl), V. i. [F. versifier^ L. versifleare ; versus
verse -f- -ffcare to make.] To make verses. ^^r.L 1. To
relate in verse. 2. To render into metrical form.— Vci'-
■l-ll'«r (-fl'Sr), n. - Varil-fl-oa'tton (-fT-ki'shfin), n.
VVawn (-shfin), fl. [F., fr. L. vtrtere, «wr«wm, to
turn, change, translate. See VcbscI X. A translating
from one language hito another. 2. A translation. 3. A
description from a particular point of view.
V«nt (vSrst), n. [Russ. versta.] A Ruasiaa measnre
of length containimf 8i500 English feet.
II Var^ans (vSr'sos), prep. [L. , toward.] Against ; —
chiefly used in legal language, and abbr. to r. or vs.
Vart (vSrt), n. [F., green, fr. L. viridis.] 1. (a)
Everything that grbws, and bean a green leaf, within the
forest, {b) Right of cutting growing wood. 2. The
color green, in Heraldry.
llVarta-1ll«(v8r'tl.bri),n.;i>^.yasTSBRJE(.bT8). [L.
vertebra, f r. ver-
lere to torn,
change.] One
of the serial seg-
ments of the spi-
nal column.—
Var'ta-toal, a.
Var^ta-lmta
(-brtt), Varta-
tea'tad (^brS/-
tSd), a. Having
a backbone, or
vertebral c o 1 -
umn, containing
the spinal mar-
row, as man,
quadrupeda,
birds, amphibia,
andflshes.
VarnaM(T8r'-
tSks), n.; pllL
Vbbtbxm (-^s),
L. Vrancts (-tf-
sSi). [L. vertex,
'ids, a whirl,
top, summit, fr.
vertere to turn.]
A turning point ;
principal or highest point
Varal-cal(-tT.kfli),a.
or situated at. the vertex, or highest
point; directly overhead, or In the
senith ; perpendicularly above one.
2. Perpendicular to the nlane of the
horizon ; upright ; plumb. — Vai^
aal-ly, adr. — VaHi-cal-iiaaa, n.
Var-tlCU-Uta (-ttsOri-lit; 277), )
Var-ttaKn-U'tad (-tts^-lltM), /
a. Arranged In transverse whorls like
rays of a wheel.
Var-tiri-aoiia (-tTjT-ntts), a. TL. .
veriiginosus, fr. vertigo a whirling
around, giddiness.] 1. Turning round ;
whirling; rotary. 2. Affected with
vertigo; giddy. — Var-tiKl-noiia-ly,
adv, — Var-tirl-BOiuhiiaBa. n.
Var^-ffp (vSr'tT-gS; L, vSr-tf'gft), VertkdUsleLeavss
ii.//>i.E.VBBTioois(.g5z),L.VraTiBi- ^L^f^*^ *^^
im (v8r-tTja-n5z). \L., fr. vertere to ^vnea.
VXBTKBKiB OP MaJT.
A Sixth Donal Vertebra seen from show.
JS The tsms from the right side. C Third
Lambsr Vertebra fmm above. D The
■sme from the rixht iMe. a Centram ; 6
Pedicle forminc the Side of the Arch in-
olodnK Spinal Cord ; e Lamins forming
the Top of thi» Arch : d Spinal Foramen ;
e Spinous Proeeas a/Trsnaverie Proeeaa i
g Anterior ArtScnlar Pmeeaa i f Post*,
rior Articular Proeeaa t h Capitular Faeat i
i Tnbereular Faeet.
top ; summit ; crown : apex.
L rerf "
1. Pert, to.
a, S, 1. 3, a, long ; ft, fi, I, h,ik,f, short; senate, Cvent, tdea, Obey, finite, cftre, iirm, ask, nil, flnal.
VERVAIN
619
VIBRATE
tarn. 1 1. DinineM or swinitninK of the head ;
2. ▲ uund nail, hmTing an elongated or conical ■pirml ahell.
Vtf'ValB (vZr'vtnJ, n. [F. verveiney fr. L. verbena^
pL verbenae sacred oougha of laurel, olive, or myrtle ;
cf . verbenaea verrain. 1 Any plant of the genua Verbena.
Vtr'y (t*!^), a. [OE. & OF. veraty LL. veroctM, L.
reras, renu. true.] True; real; actual; veritable.—
adv. In a high degree ; exceedingly ; extremely.
lVo-sl'oa(vt-M'ki),n. [L.1 A bladder, fcatory.l
Va«l-oa]lt(v«ia-kant),fi. (X. vuieo bliater. ] yeai-l
VMt-cat* (-kit), V. L To raiM UtUe bladders upon ;
to inflame the cuticle of ; to blister. — VM4-€AtlOO, n.
VM^-M-tO-nr (-ki-t^-if), a. Tteiding to raise a blis-
ter.—n. A blistering application or plaster ; vesicant.
Vosl-oto (-T-kn), n. [I^ veHeukt, dim. of vetiea,} A
bladderlilce vessel; membranooa
oarity ; a cyst ; cell. — V^^Mk'
lar (-iSr), V»4to^-Ut«, a.
VM'^ar (v«s'p8r), n. [L.,
evening, evening star, the west.]
The evening star; Hesper; Ve-
nus, when seen after sunset ; even-
ing. — a. Pert, to the evening,
or to the service of vespers.
- - i(.p«ni),i».t»/. [OF.
V0ipi'l0#, X*L. V€MpCtO€y
L. ve$-
p^ evening.l (a) In the Ro>
man CatboUo Church, one of the
little hours of the Breviary.
The evening song or service.
(ft)
Tniclet nf Rrawecd
( FucuM nodowity.
Vta^-tlM (-pSr-tTn or -tin),
a. 1. Pert, to, or happening in,
the evening. 2. Blossoming in the
evenhig.
Vm^«1 (-fl^T **• [OF., fr. L. vateellutny dim. of v(u
a vessel.] 1. Utensil for holding anjrtlilng. 2. Any hol-
low structure made to float upon the water for navigation.
3. Anv tube or canal in which the Uood or other fluids are
eontained, secreted, or circulated.
Vast (vSst), n. [L. vesti* a garment, vestnre ; akin to
B.irear.] 1. An article of clothing covering the person ;
outer garment ; vestment ; vesture ; robe. 2. A waist-
coat, or sleeveless body garment, worn under the coat. —
V. I. [L. vettire, vestitum.] 1. To clothe with a vestment
or garment ; to dress ; to cover or encompass closely.
2. To clothe with authority, power, etc. ; to put In pos-
sessioD ; to invest ; to endow ; — followed by with before
the thing conferred. 3. To commit to another; — with
in before the possessor. 4. To clothe with possession ;
to give a person an immediate flxed right of present or
future enjovment of. — «. <. To come or descend ; to be
flxed ; to take effect, as a title or right ; — followed by in,
V«rU (vSs'U), II. [L. ; akin to Or. 'EtrrCa, Vesta,
itrria hearth of the honse.l 1. Roman virgin goddess
of the hearth, flre, and f amUy round it. 2. An asteroid
discovered In 1807. 3. A wax friction match.
Vas^talfO. PttrLtoVesU; chaste.— n. 1. A virgin
consecrated to Vesta. 2. A pure woman ; nun.
V«rt'«d (vSst^Sd), a. 1. Clothed; robed; wearing
vestments. 2. Not m contingency ; flxed.
VMll-Mle(vBsaT-buI),n. [h. vestibulufn.'\ 1. Porch
or entrance of a house. 2. Cavity of tite Ubyrinth of the
ear. See Eab. - Vas-tlb^-lar (-tTb'tt-l8r), a.
Hjn, — Vkstibulb j Hall ; Passaob. — A rettibufe is a
small apartment within the doors of a building. A hnll
is the liu^e apartment beyond the vestibule, and. in the
United States, serves as a passage to the apartments. In
Kngldnd, the hall is generally square, and a narrow space
of eutruice Is called a patxagfy not a hnll.
VM'ti|r« (-tTj), n, [F., fr. L. vestigium footprint,
trace.1 Mark of the foot on the earth ; sign left by some-
thing lost or no longer present ; remains.
Syn. — Vamos ; Tracx ; mark ; sign ; tok«»n. — V^gtlge
is used chiefly in a figurative sens^". for the remains of
something long pasted away. A trace is literally some-
tUng drawn oat In a line, and mav be used in this its'
primary sense, or figuratively, to denote a sign left by
something that has passed by, or ceased to exist
Vastlttff (vesting), n. Cloth for vests ; vest pattern.
VasfaMnt (-m^nt), n. [OE. vutimenty tt. L. reaH-
mentum, fr. ve*tir€ to clothe, fr. ve*tis. See Vbt.] A
covering or garment ; esp., a priestly garment.
Veatiy (vSs^try), n. [F. vesiiaire, L. veaHaHum, fr.
vetliariiu belonging to clothes, fr. reiffs.] 1. A room in
a church for saceniotal vestments and sacred utensils,
and where meetings for parish business are held ; a sac-
risty. 2. Execuuve body, composed of wardens and vei^
trymenjChose annnually l:ry an Spisoopal parish.
ves'tiy-IIUUI (-man), n. A member of a vestry.
Vaft'tlirt (-tttr ; 40), n. [OF. ; LL. tettitura, tt, U
veMiTt.\ Clotliing; apparel; covering; envelope.
VttOI (vfch), ». [Also fitch ; OB. ficehe, OF. veehe,
fr. L. vicia.'] A leguminous plant, some species of which
are valuable for fodder. — Votoh'y, a,
Vef V-An (vSf8r-an), a. [L. refenintw, fr. vetwt, re-
terUf old.] Long exercised in anything, esp. in military
life ; long experienced. -» ft. One long exercised in any
service or art, esp. in war ; one grown old in service.
Vtt'«r-l-lUl'kl-«ll (-T-nS'rT-an), a. One skilled in dia-
eases of domestic animals ; veterinary surgeon.
Vtt'«r-l-IUI-ry (-nt-rj^), a. [L. velerinarius pert, to
beasts of burden, fr. veterimu^ prob. orig., pert, to year-
lings.] Pert, to the art of healing diseases of domestic
animals, as oxen, horses, sheep, etc.
Ve^ (vS't^), ». [L., I forbid.] 1. An anthorita-
tive prohibition; a forbidding; interdiction. 2. (a) A
power of one department of government to forbid proj-
ects attempted by another department ; power vested in
the chief execuuve to prevent enactment of measures
paksed by the legislature, (b) Exercise of such autlior-
ity ; act of prohibition, (c) A message communicatinff
the reasons of the executive for not approving a proposed
law. [r.iS.]— v.f. To prohibit; to ref use aasent to (a
bill), and thus prevent its enactment.
vas (vSks), r. f. [L. vezare, -o/wm.] 1. To toss back
and forth ; to disquiet. 2. To annoy ; to irritate ; to tease.
Syn. — See Tbass.
Vas-atloo (veks-Fshfin), n. 1. A vexing, or being
vexed. 2. Cause of trouble. — V«l-atl0ll8(-»has), a,
— Vas-a'tioiw-ly, adv. — V«i-a'tioii»-iMM. n.
Syn.— Mortifloition ; trouble ; distress. See CHAomnr.
« Vfa (vl'4), n. [L. See Way.] A road or way. —
prep' By the way of.
Wa-Ue (vl'i-b'l), a. [F., fr. v<« lif e, L. rUa, See
VrrAL.] Capable of living; — said of a n«>wborn, or a
prematurely bom. Infant. — Vl'A-llUI-ty (bTlT-ty), n.
Vl'a-dQOt (-dfikt), n. [L. via a way -4- -duct, as in a^ve-
duet.} A structure for car>
rying a road high above
the ground or water;
bridire crossing a valley, f
Vl'al (vf' ol), n tOB. ^
Hole, fioU. F. fiole. See •!
Phial.] A small bottle. |
— V. /. To put in vials. (
vivendoy prop., things to live on, fr. L. rirere to live.]
An article of food ; victuals ; — chiefly n pi.
Vl-atio (vt-XtOk), a. [L. viaticuM, fr. via a way.]
Pert, to a Journey or traveling.
Vi-atl-omil (-T-kfim), n, [L., fr. viatieu*.'\ 1. In
ancient Rome, an allowance for traveling pxpenses made
to thoRe sent into the provinces on public service. 2.
Provisions for a Journey. 3. The communion given to
persons in danirer of death.
VlOmta (vi'brit), r. /. [L. vibrare^ -bratum, to shake,
brandish, vibrate.] 1. To brandish ; to swing. 2. To
by moving to and fro. 3. To affect with vlbr*-
f ini, fw«Bt| trt, nide, f^ llm, food, ftfbt, out, oil, cbair, go, sing. Ink, Chan, tbbu
VIBRATILE
620
VILENESS
tarj motion.— r. i. 1. To moTO to and fro, or frcm I
■ido to aide, m a pendulum, ftlaatic rod, or stretched I
■triiig, when diatorbed from rest ; to awiug ; to oacUlate.
2. To quiTor. 3. To waver ; to fluctuate.
Vrteft-tll«(TKbr&-tTl),a. [F.] Adapted to ribratory
motion ; haTing the power of vibrating ; ribratorr.
Vl-bntloo (4>i«^&n), «. A vibrating, or being vi-
brated ; oecUlation. [lug, vibration.
¥Fbni-tO-rT( vrbr44t-ry), a. ConaUting in, or caua-
VWug (vTk^r). n. [F. vicairtt fr. L. vieariu*. See
YtOABWin.] X. A aobatltute in office ; deputy. 2. In-
enmbent of an appropriated benefice. [of a vicar. I
VlO^ar-am, n. 1. Benefice of a vicar. 2. Reaidenoe |
VUgt^^ (vt-kVrTHil), Vl-oa'll-at* (-it), a. Hav-
incdelegated power ; vioarioua.
vl-€ft'ii«to, n. Delegated power ; office of a vicar.
VI^M'kl-OU (-fia), a, [L. vicariuSf f r. vM* change,
turn, oflkse of one peraon aa aaaomed br another.l 1. Pert,
to a vicar, aabatitute, or deputy ; delegated. 2. Acthig
for another. 3. Performed or aufTerbd in the place of
another ; aubatitnted. — VI-OAlt-OUS-tF, adv.
VlM(v!a},n. [F., fr. L. rt//«m.] 1. A defect ; fault ;
blemlah. 2. Moral falling ; depravity ; wickedneaa.
8tii. —Crime : ain ; Iniquity ; fauli See Gbiio.
VUm» n. A vlM, or instmment for holding work, aa
in filing. ■• V. /. To hold or aqueese with a vice.
H Vl^ (Wfet), prep. [L., abl. of vicis change, turn.
Bee VioAaiovi.] In the place of ; in the atead of.
VlM (vu), a. [See \MCM,prep.'\ Denoting one who
In certain oaaea may aaanme a superior's office or duties.
▼Ite adadral, a naval officer ranking next below an admi-
nL — Viee adadraHy , office of a vice admiral. — Vies ehaa-
otUer. <o) An officer next in rank to a chancellor. (6)
An officer in a university, clioeen to perform certain
dutiea, aa the conferring of degrees, in the abaenc e of the
etumoellor. (c) The cardinal at the head of the Roman
Chancery. —Tics eoosal, a subordinate officer, authorised
to exercue consular functions in part of a district con-
trolled by a consul. — Tics arssldsacy, office of vice presi-
dent. — yioe preiidsat, an officer next below a president.
Vl0#-ftt«U (-jS'rtfnt), a. [ rice, a. + p«-<m/.] Hav-
tng delegatod power ; actinir in the place of another. —
n. A lieutenant ; vicar. — Vioe-fe'lwi-cy (-ren-sy ), n.
¥l09'-rt'gal (-vC'gol), n. Pert, to a viceroy.
VllMtvy T-roiY n. [F. vice-roi : pref. vice- in the
place <rf (L Viet) -|- roi king, L. r^x.] Governor of a
oountry or province who rules aa the klng*a substitute.
— VlMHrofal-ty, Vloel«7-ililP^ **•
Vlo^niff* (vuT-nij ; 2), n. [OF. veMntr^, fr. OF.
vHMn, F. roit/n, neighboring, L. vicinus. See V icurmr. ]
Places adjoining or near; neighborhood; vicinity.
VIol-oal (-nal), a. N^ar; neighboring.
Vl-dnl-ty (vT-«Tii^-ty), «. [L vMnUas, fr. Hcinns
neighboring, f r. Hcta row of houaea, village ; akin to Or.
otmr a houoe.] 1. Tlie being near, or not remote ; prox-
imity. 2. That which is near anything ; nei^rhborhood.
8yn. — Neighborhood ; vicinage. See Nuorbobmood.
VfOkms (vTsh^^), a. [OF., fr. L. ritioMus^ fr. Hlium
vice.] 1. Characterized by vice or defects ; faulty. 2.
Addicted to vice ; wicked. 3. Wanting purity ; foul ;
noxioua. 4* Not correct or pure. 6. Oiven to baid tricks ;
refractory. — Vi'OkmS-ly, odr. — Vl'0lOIIS-ll6M, n.
Vl-Cla'll-tlia« (vT-'T^nT-tud), n. [L. ririutihidn^ fr.
viei* change. See Vicabiods.] 1. Regular change or
auccesslon from one tiling to another ; alternation ; in-
terchange. 2. Irregular change ; revolution ; mutation.
Vl'OOmit (viHiount), n. Ylsconnt.
Vlotlm (vTktTm), n. [L. viciinM.-] 1. A living be-
Ing sacrificed In performance of a religions rite. 2. One
destroyed in the pursuit of an object, or gratification of a
paaaion ; one sufferinir grievous injnry from another, from
fortnne. or from Accident. 3. A dupe ; gull.
VlDtnil-l*^ (-17), r. t. To make a victim of ; to chent.
Viotor (•tSr>. n. [L., fr. rincere, rictum^ to vanquiah.]
Winner In a contest ; conqueror. -> a. Victorious.
Alu|e,2o(V-
VlO-tO^M^CvTk-tS'rT-A),!!. [NL.]
ering, aquatic plant, named in
honor of Queen VieUtria, 2.
A low four-wheeled carriage,
with a calaah top.
Vio/tor-IlM' (vTk/t8r.«nO, n.
A woman's fur tippet.
VlOrWll^faM (-tS'rT^is), a.
Pert, to victory, or a victor ;
oonquering; triumphant. vietona.
ino'tO-ry (vlk't«-ry ), n. [OE. & OF. vieiorie, L. vic-
toria. See y lOTOR. ] Defeat of an enemy or antagonist ;
conqtiest ; triumph ; — opp. to de/eat.
Vlot1lll(vTfi),n. Food. BeeVicTVALa.— r./. {imp.
& p. p. ViCTUALBD (-Id) or YlCTUAXXBO ; p. ffT. A tb. u.
VicTUALWo or ViCTUALUira.l To provide with food.
Vl0t1ltl-«r (-n^r), n. [Written also P<ef«Mi//er.1 X.
One who fumiahea victuals. 2. One who keeps a boot*
of entertainment ; tavern keeper. 3. A provision ship.
Vlot'lUdS ('Ix), n. pi. [OB. A OF. rUaiile, fr. L.
victtudia, pi. of victualis pert, to nourishment, fr. viHut
nourishniMit, fr. Htere, rietumt to Uv«. See Timft.]
Food for human beings ; provialona ; viaada.
llVl-OltUi )(v«-k5Stt/yii),ii. [8p.v^ila.] A Booth
II Vl-cm'glUl ) American mammal of the Andea, al-
lied to the llama but amaller, bearing rtry flat reddJah
brown wool, and long, pendent white hair.
II Vl*** (rFd*), imperative sina. of I* videre. to aae ; —
used to direct attention ; aa, vide eupra^ aee aoovo.
II Vl-d6ll-oet (vT-dSlT-eSt), adv. [L., contr. fr. videf
licet one may see.] To wit ; namely ; — abbr. via.
Vl-d«tt»' (vT-d«tO. n. Vedette.
Wb (vI), v. i. [OB. Wen, abbr. fr. eiiHen, OF. tnrier
to challenge, a word uaed In gambling, L. invitart to in-
vite.] To atrive for aoperiori^ ; to contend.
VtoW (vC), a. [OF. vetie, fr. rfofr, L. ridert to aee.]
1. A seeing or beholding ; sight ; \oclk ; survey. 2. Men-
tal perception or examination. 3. Power of seeing, phya-
icaliy or mentally ; range of siffht. 4* That whldi Is seen
scene ; prospect. 3. Pictorial repreaentation of a acene
sketch. 6. Mode of loolring at anything ; apprebenaion .
conception ; opinion ; judgment. 7* ^lat which b kepi
in siffht, aa obiect, aim, purpose, --r. /. 1. To aee ; t9
behold ; to look at attentively ; to inapect ; to explore.
2. To exaiuine mentally ; to consider. — VltW'cr, n.
Vi-ffes'l-mal (vt-ji»a-mal), a. [L. vigeiimtUj f r. rf-
ginti twenty.] Twentieth ; divided Into 20 parte.
VirU (vTj'Tl), n. [L. vigilia, f r. Hffil awake, watch-
ful, prob. akin to B. itfrke.') 1. Abatinence from tieep ;
wakefulness; watch. 2. Devotional watching. 3. {n)
Orig., watch kept on the night before a feast. (I») Later,
day and night preceding a feast, (c) A religioua cerrico
on tlie evening before a feast.
Vlgl-lant (-T-lnnt), o. [L. vigiUms, -Iffnfit, p. pr. of
vigilare to watcli, fr. rt^.j Attentive to discover and
avoid danger, or brovide for mde/tj ; watchful ; cireom-
apect ; wary. — vlgl-laitt-lj. adv, — 'Vlcl4aB00, «.
Vi-gnotta^ (vTn-y»tO, n. [F., fr. vtone vine.] 1. A
running ornament of leaves and tendrila, uaed In Oothio
architecture. 2. A decorative deaign at tlie bead of m
cliapter, of a manuscript or printed book, etc. ; email pic-
ture In a book. — r. f. To make (an engraving, etc.) with
a border insen^lMy fading away.
Victor (vTg^r), n. [OE. A OF. tfiptnir^ it. L. rfpor,
fr. vtgere to be strong.] 1. Active strenffth of body or
mind; capacitv for exertion; energy. 2. Strenptli or
force in animal or vefretaHe nature or action. 3. XA-
cacy ; potency. — VlC^or-OOfl, a. — VIC'or*««l4T, <ufv.
— ^ing (* inking), n. [Icel. vlHnpr, fr. v\l a bay, In-
One of the ancient jtirate crewa of the Northmen.
let.
Vl'tinc (unking), n. [Icel.i
t^ One of the ancient jtirate
Vno (vH), a. [OE. Sif.vH^ it. U vUi* cheap, vile,
base.] 1. Low; mean; despicable. 2. Morellr base or
impure ; wirkeH ; bad. — YWlj, adv. — VltefMtB* «•
Syn. — See Basb.
ft, C I, o, C long ; A, «, I, ft, O, t> abort ; aanfite, 3v«iit, tdea, 6bey, Anita, cAra, linn, Aak, ftl!* final.
VILEPICATION
621
VIPER
Vni^F (vVVT-fi), V. I. CL.tP«<t + 'yV] TodMMd*
a' nport ) to dtfanit ; to tnkliioe ; to <Mduiuui«U. -- vU'-
VOAa (-1A), n. [Ik| dim. of vieus Tillage.] A country
Mat: tabortMm roaidenoe of MQie elegance.
VnOam (-Iti ; 2), ». [F., fr. L. viUaiieui pert, to a
▼llla.]^^ amaU aaaemblage of houaes in the country.
Syn. — YtLULBm ; Hamur ; Towv : CrrT. — In Busland,
a hamlet denotea a collection of houaea, too amall to have
a pariah church. A viltaae haa a church, but uo market.
A town haa both a market and a church. A cilu ia an in>
oorporated borough town, the place of a biahop^a aee.
VUOa-ffer (-lt-J8r), n. An InhabiUnt of a village.
Vinaia (-ITo), n. [LL. vUlantu, fr. vMa viUage, L.
vilia farm.] 1. One who holda landa by a bane, or serTile,
tenure, or m rillenage ; feudal tenant of the loweat clasa ;
bondman or aertrant. [In thla aenae written alao vUlan,
and viliein.'] %. A vile person ; one capable or guilty of
great Crimea ; Moundrel ; knare ; scamp. — IHl'lilll-Ollfl,
a. — vniain-oiis-ly. adv. — Vlllala-oiu-iMJM, n.
VUlalB-y ('S)f n. [Written aUo vUlany.} 1. The
being a vilLkin, or rillaluoua. f . A crime.
Vfillll-ac« (-ftj ; 2), ». Bute of a villain, or aerf.
[WriUen alao viU^Mge, and villeinage.']
VfHin-miB (-(U), a., etc. Yillaiuoua, etc.
VUlOBS (vimiis), Vli-lOM' (vTMSy), o. 1. Abound,
fang with fkie haira, or a woolly aub^tance ; ahaggy with
iMt haira ; nappy. 2. Fumiahed with villL
D Vnaos (-loa), 11. ; pi. Villi (-11). [L.. ahaggy hair,
toft of hair.] 1. One of the minute papillary proceaaea
on certain vaacular membranea. 2. jh. Fine haira on
planta, reaembling the pile of velvet.
Vim (vTm), n. [L., ace. of vie strength.] Power ;
fteoe; eneray; apirit; activity; vigor. [Co/Zo^.]
Vlml-lIU (vTmT-ual), a. [L. viminalis^ fr. vimen
oaier.] Pert, to, conaiating of, or producing, twiga.
Vl-mla'O-OIUI (vT-mln't-liB), a. [L. vimineue, fr. vi-
men.} 1. Pert, to, or made of, twiga. 2. Producing
long, alender twiga or shoots.
Vl-iui'0t0iu(vt-ni'ahii8),a. ll^ vinaeeue. See Vim.]
1. Pert, to grapea. 2. Of the color of red wine.
Vin'ai-grotte' (vTn^t-grStOt n. [F. , f r. vinaigre vine-
nr.] 1. A aauce, made of vinegar, oil, and other Ingre-
dlenta,~uaed eap. for cold meats. 2. A ainall perfo-
rated box for holding aromatic vinegar ; amelling bottle
for amellinff salta ; — called also vineaarette.
Vln'd-bM (-sT-bl), a. [L. vincibUu^ fr. vineere to con-
ipierj Conquerable.— Vlll'0^bl•-BOM,Vin'O^Ul^-ty,n.
H Imi^oa-llim (vTn'ktt-lfim), n. ; pi. L. V»cula (-14),
K. ViHcuLDMS (-Ifima). [L., fr. vinciret vinetum^ to bind.1
1. A bond of union ; tie. 2. A horizontal mark placed
over two or more membera of a compound quantity, to
be aabjected to the same operation, aa in the ezpreaaion
«*4-y« — *-|-y. 3. A band or bundle of muaoular fibers.
vla'dlrOAt* (vTnMT-kit), v. t. [L. vi$uiieare, -eatnm,
to lay claim to, defend, aven^. ] 1. To maintain or prove
to be valid ; to sustain agamst assault. 2. To aupport
against denial or objectiona ; to defend ; to justify. 3. To
■mintain (a law or cause) by overthrowing enemins. —
Vln'dlrM'tor, n. - Vln'di-M-Mft, a. - Vln'di^tkni,
». — VlB'di-M-ttve, VlB'di-M-to-ry, a.
Syn. — To assert ; maintain ; claim. See Assbrt.
Vla-dlO^Tt (vTn-dTk'tTv), a. [For vindicative^ con-
fused with L. vindicta revenge, fr. vindicare.} Revenge-
ful. — VI]FdioilT«-ly, adr. — vtn-diCtiTe-iieM, n.
yna% (vin), n. [F. vigne^ L. vinea vineyard, vine, fr.
vineue pert, to wine, vinum wine, grapes.] (a) Any
woody climbing plant which bears grapes, (h) A climb-
ing or trailing plant ; long, slender stem of any plant that
traila on the ground, or climbs by winding round a fixed
object, or by seizing anything with tendrila ; a creeper.
TIae ftettsr, a plant louse, that bijnres grapevinea.
yine^dl^W^OT (vln'dHla'Sr), n. One who cultivatea,
pmnea, or oarea for, grapevinea ; laborer in a vineyard.
Vlil'd^{ar(vTn'»-g8r),ii. [F. vftMtorv; v*»wiM(L.
v<attin)-f oi^aoor.] 1. A aoor liquid need aa a oondi*
meut, or aa a preaerviMve, and obtained by fermamtatton
of wine, cider, beer, etc. 2. Anything aour.
VlB'er-y (Wn'Sr-y ), n. Place for reariqg vinea; grapery.
Viaa^rard (vIn'ySrd), ». [For OK. vfinyardt AB.
uangeard ; influenced by S. vine.'} An incloaure or yard
f orgrapevinea. [to, or like, wine. |
Wnou (vl'nCis), a, [L. vinonu, fr. rtnum.] Pert.|
Vinraf« (vTut^j; 2), n. [OF. vendenge, h. vi$^
demia ; vinum wine, grapes -f demere to take off ; de -(-
emere to take.] 1. Produce of the vine for one seaioa.
2. Act or time of gathering grapea, or making wine.
Vinfa-gW (-t-jer), n. Oue who gathers the vintage.
VlSt'lMr (-u8r), n. [OF. vinetier, LL. vinetaritu, it,
L. vinetum vineyard, fr. vtntim.] A wine merchant.
Vin'y (viu'y), a. Pert, to, or abounding fan, vinea.
Vi'of (viOil), n. [F. tto/e; cf. Pr., 8p., ft It. viola.}
A stringed musical inatrument of the violin kind, but
larger, aud havuig aix btriuga, to be atruck with a bow.
U Vi'*-U (ri'd-U), n. [£.] A genua of polypetakma
herbaoeoua planta, tncludfug all violate.
Vl'04a {yVtAk or vl-^OA), ». Tit.] Instrument n-
sembliug the violin, but larger, and lower in compaaa.
V1'0-U-M« (vi'e-li-bn), a. Capable of being violated.
Vl'O-U'oaoiUi (-IS'shfi*), a. 1. Reaembling violeU fai
color ; bluish purple. 2. Pertaining to a oaUiral order
of planta, of which the violet is the type.
WO-lat* (-ISt), r. t. [L. violare^ Hotumy it. vie force.]
1. To treat violently ; to abuae. 2. To do violence to |
to profane; to infringe. 3. To diaturb; to interrupt.
4. To commit rape on ; to raviah. — Vi'O-U-ttf • (-U-
tl V). fl. — Vro-U'tor, II. [L.1 - V^'O-lA'tlOll, n.
Sjni. — To injure ; diaturb : intermpt : infringe ; tran^
grass ; profane ; deflour ; debauch ; diahonor.
VI'o-lanM(-lena),n. [F., fr. U viofenfio.] LAbeioff
violent; excited action, phyaical or moral; vehemence;
f oroe. 2. Profanation ; asaault. 3. Ravldiment ; rape.
Syn. — Vehemence ; outrage; eagemeas; violation;
infraction : infringement ; tranagreadon ; oppreaaton.
Vi'0-toat (-lent), a. [F., fr. L. violentue, fr. vie foroe.1
1. AcUng with passion ; severe. 2. Actfaag or proHoeed
by improper force ; outrageoua. 3. Effected by f oroe ;
unnatural. — Vl'O-tonMy, adv.
Syn. — Fierce ; vehement ; outrageoua ; boisteroua ;
turbulent; impetuous; passionate; severe; extreme.
Vl'0-l«t (-HSt), n. [F. viofelte, dim. of OF. viole violet,
L. viola; akin to Or. um'.] LA plant of many apeciea.
They are generally low, herbaceous planta, and the flow-
ers of ma«]y Species are blue, while othera are white or
yellow, or of ■4«veral colore, as the pansy. 2. Color of »
violet. — a. Dark blue, inclining to rea.
¥i'o-liil'(vn-iln0,n. [It. vto/MO, dim. of rioto. Sea
Viol.] A small inatrument with four g
strings, played with a bow ; fiddle.
Vi'a-lUllgt(-lInaat),ii. PUyeronJ
the violin. [thevioLIV
Wo\-m (vFU-Tst), n. Player on|
Vt'o-lon-oelOlst (vS/^-ISn-eliniat),
n. Player on the violoncello.
Vl'0-lOIl-oellO (-chSllft or -ffSinft),
n. [It. dim. of rt'o/(m«. See Violowb. j
A 1mm viol of four strinffn.
IIVI'O-ICIM (v^M^'nt), n. [It.,
augment, of viola vioL] The largest
instrument of the basa-viol Idnd, hav-
ing strings tuned an octave below
ttKMe of the violoncello ; contrabaaso ;
donble bass. [Written alMo vio/ono.}
Vl'por (vi'pSr), n. [L. Hpera,
prob. contr. f r. vivipera ; vivue alivH
-f pnrere to bring forth, because it
waa believed to be the only serpent bringing forth lirinf
young.] 1. An Old World venomous snske of many Wf^
VloHn.
f Ctb, fM#nt, drb» mda, f^ ttm, fo'od, UJM| mut, oil, alMtr, 90» iiiiKf iv^t tbao, thta.
VIPERINE
622
VITRIFACTURE
des, hichidiiig the ftdder, md, etc. 2. A maligxiant per-
80U. — Vl'per-llM (TFper-Tu), Vl'por-OOB (•&•), a.
Vi-ni^gO (vt-ri'g^), n. [L. virago, -ffini*t it. virm num.]
X. A wuuiAU of extrMnrdiniuy stature, streugtli, imd oour-
•ge ; female warrior. 2. A termagant ; vixen.
VI-ras'OMlt (vt-rite^Mnt), a. [L. virescen*,, p. pr. of
vireseere to grow green, iucho. fr. virere to be green.]
"^ [inning to be green ; aliglitly green ; ffreeniah.
/Ir'glB (vSr'jfu), n. ih. virgofffinit.} A woman who
haapreaerved tier chastity; a maid.— a. 1. Chaste; be-
coming a virgin ; maidenly ; modest 2. Pore ; uAdeliled ;
fresh ; new. — Vlr-gtel-tT {-flnn-if), n,
TIr'goC-gS),**. [L.] (a) A sign of the xodlac which the
son enters about August 2ist, marked thus [||{] in alma-
nacs, (b) A oonsteUation of the lodiac.
Vliri-tfM'OtBt (vTra-dSs'sent), a. [L. virideteem, p.
pr. of viridetcere to grow green.] Slightly green ; green-
ish. — Virl-dM'OMloet n.
Vl-lldl-ty (vT-rTdT-ty), n. [L. vkidiUu, fr. viridis
green.1 Greenness ; verdure ; color of grass and foliage.
Wm$ (vl'rtl or vlrll), a. [L. virifU, f r. vir a man.]
Manly ; masterful ; capable of begetting. — Vl-lll1-ty, n.
Vlr-ta' (vliwtay or v8ra»), n. rit. virt^ virtue, ex-
cellence, f r. L. virtus. See vaTum. j A love of the flue
arts ; taste for curiosities or antiquities. •
VtrOu-Al (vSr'ttl-ol; 40), a. J^^'^*'^'] Befaig in
essence or effect, not in fact. — vlr'tll-ftl-ly, adv,
VlrOM (-ttt ; 40), n. [OB. A F. vertuAj. virttu Strang,
excellence, virtue, f r. rtr a man.] 1. Active quahty ;
Oi^tadty or power adequate to produce a given effect ;
energy; potency; efBcacy. 2. Value; merit; worth.
3. Chastity; purity; virginity.
Vlirta-a'lO (-tu4S's«), n.; plK. YnKTUooos (-sSs) ; It.
YiSTUosi (-sA). [It.] 1. One devoted to virtu; one
skilled in the line arts, antiquities, etc. ; collector of curi-
osities. 2. A skilled musical nerformer.
^rtlHras (-tft-fis ; 40), a. [L. virtuotus.'] X. Possess-
Ing virtue; righteouB. 2. Chaste; pure ; — applied esp.
to women. — Vtr^tn-oiii-ly, adv. — Vlrtn-OUS-lMM, n.
Vir^-lMlt (vlr^-lent), a. [L. virulentus^ fr. Hrus
poison.] 1. Extremely venomous. 2. Very malignant.
— Vlr^-tonMy, arfr.— Vlr^lawt, Vlr^-lmi-cy, n.
Wnw (vi'rfit), n. [L. , a slimy liquid, poison, stench ;
•kin to Or. t^ poison.] Contagitns or poisonous matter,
as of specific ulcers, snake Utes, e»c
II Vis (vTs), n. [L.] Force ; power.
Vls'aC* (vTxIJ ; 2), fi. [F., fr. L. Hwi a eeelng, a
look, fr. videre^ rtmm, to see. See VniON.] The face,
oount^nance, or look of a person or animal.
11 Vls'-k-Tli' (vl'zi-vi'), n. [F., opposite, face to
face.] 1. One face to face with another ; one who fsoes
another in dsndng. 2. A carriage, also a sofa, in which
two persons sit face to face. — adv. Face to face.
II vls'OO-im (vTs^sl-ri), »., pi. of Viscus. The bowels.
•^ Vls'aar-al (-silr-al), a. [disembowel. I
Vis'Otf-Att (-it), r. t. To deprive of the viscera ; to|
Vls'olfl (-sTi), a. [L. vigciduSf fr. viseum mistletoe,
birdlime.] Sticking or adhering; viscous; tenacious;
cUmmy. — Vte-€l41-ty (-sTdT-ty), n.
Vll'OOIIllV (vfkoiintO, n. [OF. ritcontCy LL. vire-
eomes; L. rt«Xsee Vicm, a.) + come* companion, LL.,
count.] 1. Orig., an English officer who supplieid the
place of the count or earl ; sheriff of the county. 2. An
Enelish noblpmsn of th« fourth rank, below an earl. —
Vls^ooimt'aM, n./.— Vls'eoiuirililp, Vls^ooon'ty, n.
Vli'OOIIS(vTiiO(fis),a. Ih. viscosvs. See Vncio.] Vis-
cid ; fflntinous ; clammy ; tenacious.
II Vlt'oni (-ktts), n. ; p/. VrecwiA (-st-rA). [L.] One
of the orgiuis (brain, heart, stomach, etc.) in the great
cavities of the body ; —esp. used in pi.
VlM (vIh), n. [F. ri« a screw, winding stairs, OF. vi«,
vit, fr. L. Htis a vine.] An instrument conslstlnff of two
jaws, cloning by a screw, lever, cam, etc., for holding
work, as in filing. [Written also rice.]
II ¥t-t^ (vl-ziO, i>. [F. risS, fr. L. vistu, p. p. of riders
to see.] Indorsement on a passport, deu<ytiug that ita
bearer may proceed on his journey. — r. t. To ewaminft
and indorse (a passport).
Vl«l-1lto (yUa.b'l), a. [L. vitibUU, fr. rtVfere. visum,
to see.1 1. Perceivable by the eye ; peroe^ihle ; in view.
2. NoUoeable ; apparent ; conspicuous.— Vlal-bl*4tn«
Vlrl-Mll-tf , ft. - VllK^Uy , adv.
Vrsloa (vTzh'fin), M. [F. ; fr. L. vMo, fr. Hdere,
visum ; akin to Or. tltut to see, o2<a I know, and E. urit.}
1. A seeing external objects. 2. The faculty of seeing;
sense of sight. 3. That which is seen ; object of sight.
4. A supernatural, prophetic, or imaginary ^ht ; i^ypari-
tion ; phantom. 5. Something unreal or imaginary.
Vl'nMl-a-ry (-t-rj^), a. 1. Pert, to, appropriate to,
or favoraUe for, visions. 2. Affected by impressions on
the Imagination ; apt to act upon fancies as if tbev were
realities. 3. Existing in imagination only ; having no
solid foundation. — n. 1. One whose imsgination is dis-
turbed ; one who sees visions or phantoms. 2. One
whose imagination oveipowera his reason ; a schemer.
Syn. — Fanciful ; fantastic ; unreal. See FmciFtfU
Visit (vTiat), r. t. [F. visittr^ L. visitare, fr. vitert
togo tosee, fr. ric/ere, rt«um,tosee.] 1. To go or come
to see; to call upon. 2. Toexamhoe. 3. To come to for
the purpose of chastising, rewarding, or comforting ; to
judge.— V. i. To make visits ; to maintain visiting rela-
tions.—n. 1. A going to see a person or thing. 2. A
going to view or inq)ect ; visitation.
Vfirtt-Stton, fi. [L. rin/a/io.] 1. Visiting, or belnff
visited ; access for examination. 2. Special dispensa-
tion ; oommunication of divine favor, or of divine wrath
and rengeance ; retribution. 3. A church festival hi
honor of the visit of the Virgin Mary to Elisabeth, mother
of John the Baptist, celebrated July 2d.
Vlrtt-a-tO'rUl (-A-t«'rT-«n,Vlslt-Oll<l (-VrT-«l), a.
Pert, to visitation, or ajudidal visitor or superintendent.
VlsH-or (-9r), n. One who visits.
Vls'or (vlt'Jr), a. [F. visihre, fr. OF. vU face.]
[Written also f»t#ar, visard, vizard, visor.'] 1. Part of
a helmet, arranged to open, and show the face. 2. Mask.
3. Fore piece of a cap, projecting over the eyes.
VlslS (vIs'U), fi. [It., sif ht, view, fr. vtdere, p. p.
vislo, to see, fr. L. videre, visum.} View between intcr>
vening objects ; trees, etc., foruiing an avenue.
Vli^n-U (vTsh'ft-ol), a. [L. risuatis, fr. visus a tee-
Ing, sight.] Pert, to, or used in, sight.
VWsl (vl'tfll), a. [F., fr. L. vitalis, fr. vita life.]
1. Pert, to life, animal or vegetable. 2. Contributing
or ne^^eaiary to life. 3. Containhig life ; living. 4.
Being that on which life denends; mortaL 6. Very
necessary ; eesentisl. — Vltsl-ly, adv.
Vl-tsll-ty (vt-tanr-ty), n. it. vUalHas.} Tbebeinff
vitsl ; vital force ; animatkm.
Vllsls (vitolx), n. pi. Organs necessary for life ;
esp., the heart, lungs, and brain.
Vltl-StS (vTsha4t), V. t. [L. vitiore, -fl/uw, f r. vHium
a fault, vice.] [Written also vieiate.] 1. To make
vicious or imperfect ; to Impair ; to spoil. 2. To make
void ; to destroy ; to annuL — VHI-sHOB. n.
Vltl-eol'tins (vTtT-kW't«r), n. [L. vUis vine + E.
culture.} Cultivation of the vine ; grape growing.
0 Vltis (vltTs), n. [L., a vfaie.] A genos of plaato
inclQding all true grspevines.
VlttSKras (vTt'rt-tts), a. [L. vitreus, fr. vitrum
ghMs. ] 1. Consisting of, or Uke, glass ; glassy. 2. Put.
or derived from, ghMS. — Vtrre-OOS-BrSS, fi.
/l-trss^osnt (vT-tiWsent), a. Capable of beiuff formed
into ghMS ; tending to become glass.
VlfrtC (vTt'rTk), a. Of the natnre of glass ; gUse-
like ; — dinting, f r. eeromie. [being vitrified. I
Vlt'll-fSO^mi (vTt/rT-flk'shiin), n. A ritrlfying or I
Vlt'll-fSOtlirt (-f Iktttr ; 40), n, [L. fritrum -^faetrt^
/acfwm, to make.] Manofacture of glasaaod glaaawMte.
t
i, S, t, 8, «, long ; ft, •* I, ft, O, tt abort i amtte, 3v«im tdea, 6bey, finite, tAi^ Krm, Aak, tn, teiri.
VITRlPORM
623
VOLE
Vind-faffm (TTf rT-fOrtn), a. OIsMUke.
VUfXitf (-fl). «• '• [**• vUriJier; L. viirum + -;t«irc
to maki}.] To convert into r1«m or % glaMy rabatanoe,
by heftt and fusion. — v. i. To bocome glaaa.
Vira^ (.01), n. [F. ; fr. L. vUreolut of gUaa.] (<i)
A anlpliate of copper, iron, tine, cobalt, etc., — from itd
fflany appearance or luster. (6) Sulphuric acid ; — called
9iaooUqf vitriol. [Co//o9.1-Vtt'rl-«ll0 (-51Tlc), a.
Tltvtolk aeld, sulphuric acid. [ Colloq,]
yWtir^-iatb (vlt'rMU-u), r. /. To convert into ritriol.
Vim-lllM (-(k-lfn), a. L^ vUulinus, f r. vUtUus a calf. ]
Pert, to a calf or veaJ.
Vl-tll'p«r-at0 (vt-tii'p8r.St), r. t. [L. viiuperare,
-raium ; vitium a fault ^wirare to prepare.] To scold.
— Vl-ni'per-A'llOB, n. — Virtll'Mr4l-tlT« (t-ttv), a.
^-TA'dOllB (-va'shtls), a. [L. rtrojc, -ixici*^ f r. virere
to live.] Sprightly in temper or conduct ; lively. — VI-
▼a'otoiiB-naM, Vl-Taofl-ty (vt-wfaT-ty), n.
Syn. — Lirelmess ; gayety. See LnrsLmss.
D ▼I'TUi'dlteV' {yPy^Wdjtxf), n. [F. See Vukd.]
In European armies, a woman aocompanving a regiment,
who sells prorisions and liquor to the soldiers.
II ^TA^-nm (vt-viM-ttm), n, [L., fr. virariuM pert.
to living creatures, fr. virtu alive. J A place arranged
for keeping living animals, as a park, pond, aouarium,
warren, etc [on^y* I
D VITA ▼O'M (vT'vi vS'at). [L.1 By word of mouth ; |
11 Vl¥0 (v8v). [F., imperative sing. pres. fr. vivre to
live, L. vivere.] Long live, that is, success to; as, vive
le roi, long live the king.
l^yfid (vT vTd), a. [L. vividut, fr. vivfrs to live, virus
Hving.] 1. True to the life ; animated ; spirited ; strong ;
intense. 2. Forminffbrilliant images ; lively ; sprightly.
— Vlv^-ly, adv, — Vl¥fia-lMM, ».
Syn. — Clear ; ladd ; bright ; quick ; sprightly : active.
Vl¥fl-fy (-I-n), 9, t. [F. virifier, L. riviftcareA To
endue with life ; to quicken; to animate. —ViTl-il-CA'-
tlOB, n. — VlTl-fl-CA-tiT«, a.
nil-^ip'A-ni (vt-Vlp'A-rA), n. pi. [NL.] Class of
vertebrates that produce their young alive.
^-Tlp'a-rOIIS (-rfis), a. [L. viriparua ; rirua -\- pa-
rere to Dear, brbog forth.] Producing living young, as
most mammals ; — opp. to oriparou*.
VlT'lHMOllon (vTv/T-eSk'shfin), n. [L. vivu* -f- E.
teetion."] Dissection of a living animal.
VIS'MI (vTlu'^n), n. [AS. Hzen a she^fox. for fyxen^
fern, of ftn. See Fox.]' 1. Female fox. 2. Slirewish
woman. — VIX'MI-llll, Vlz'MI-ly, a. Hs ; namely. |
VlB. (vTs),<ufv. [Contr. fr. viddUxi.'\ To wit; thati
VlslMT (vTx'yJr or vT-xir'), n. [Ar. ip^alr, \cnzlr.\
A Turkish councilor of state ; high executive officer in
Oriental countries. [Written idso viHer^ vitir^ and vizer. ]
Vo'OA-ltle (vS^i-bU), n. [L. vocabidum an appella-
tion, name, fr. voeare to call, fr. vox, vociSt voioeu word.]
A term ; name ; a word considered as composed of cer-
tain sounds or letters, without regard to its meaning.
Vo-Mb^-U-ry (vi-klb^-lt-rj^), n. [LL. rocatftUa-
rium.J 1. A list of words arranged alphabetically and
exj^amed; dictionary. 2. Stock of words employed.
Vo'OAl (vS'kfll), a. [L. vocali*, fr. rot, roci*.] 1.
Pert, to the voice or speech ; endowed with utterance ;
full of voices. 2. Uttered or modulated by the voice ;
oral. 3. Pert, to a vowel or voice sound; sonorous.
4. (a) Consisting of, or characterised by, voice, or tone
produced in the larynx, which may be roodifled, either by
resonance, as in the vowels, or by obstructive sction, as
in certain consonants, such as r, /, etc., or by both, as
in the nasals m, n, ng ; sonant ; intonated. (6) Pert, to,
or having the character of, a vowel. — n. A vocal sound ;
a purely vocal element of speech, unmodified except by
resonance ; a vowel or a diplithong ; tonic element ; tonic ;
— dieting, fr. a subvoeai^ and a nonrocal.
Vo-OATIo (-kilTk), a. [L. roealis (so. lUtera) a vowel.]
Part, to, or consisting of, vowel sounds.
Vo'OAl-lltCvO^al-Tst),!!. A singer, or vocal muaidaa.
V0-«al1-tT (-kUT-tj^), n. 1. A being vocal ; reao-
nance. 2. Quality of being a vowel ; vocalic character.
Vo'OAl-MAmoil (vS'kai-T-sS'tfhfin), n. 1. A vocalis-
inff, or being vocalised. 2. Formation of vocal sounds.
Vo'OAl-iM (vS'kal-is), r. t. 1. To form into voice ; to
make vocal or sonant ; to give intonation or resonance to.
2. To practice singing on the vowel sounds.
Vo'oU-ly, adv. 1. In a vocal manner ; with voice ;
orally. 2. In words ; verbally.
V»«Atkll (-kSfahan), n. [L. roeaiio a bidding, invi.
tstt.^ii, fr. i ire to ciill* fr. rnr, p<*d4*") 1* A eall ; wiiii-
m<<ri-i - <J' Mu^rir^tion to li |>artkniUr bdaiiieuor profe^oo,
2. ''LkllEi]^: ooctij Jilt ion; trsiie'; profestionh
Voc'a^tl^Q (vSk'iHTv), n. (L t^twfjtitm*^ It. rac^rtA
Pert, to H^jiijmg ; UAod Id sdrlrets; appetLstlvt* ; — toM at
tba.t ionn of the noun, projiDua, ar sdjiecriv^, used in
addrens. ^n. TTik vp4:Ativ« ca*&» Cn i^inti^dLr.
Vo-dJ'»T-At« (tS-all'^r-iM, i*. i- ^^ t. [L- i.'ikriffraT%
-niifif: roT, tocU -^^ /mti to Iroftr } To cry ayt vehe-
ment] v; £0 Uiwl; CO elniuar, — VO-cU'Cf-A'tlOll, n. —
Vo-eli^er <»tt& r-ftji), a, — Vo^oU^er-otu-ly, ^tfr.
Voc'iilfl I vl^h'ttU, n* {L. roruUi, dill], ol f <vr, rtunui.]
A ^Unnrt Mf ^U'ak ucterancQ ; f**h!q souud, Uto tli^C mode
bj III-- Ippif lu proiiOiiDL'ijiir p or i^, [froaii ryeJ
VE>dlM^v5d'k*)Hfl. [Ka«k^] Rowiandrinkdiritmi^l
Vogue ( V OK ), T«, [F. > s r^iw ing^ vof^ti^i fuliJ .m . ] Waj
of jt* H|il« III. ikuy particiilttr tJiue j tetbporary niodv.
Voloo (vniij, n. [OB* & OF. pcri>, F. roil. L. rRt,
»<kN'.^ , ii k J I k T H I G f . rmK « DTd ^ A^ valiM' J 1 , SrHinil ttttami
bj tin' riioittt] ; n^n-wt] af liniL..a! >ieiii^r^. 2. S<miiil ottha
quality buard iu the coasoiiiuit4 ^, r, cf, etc., and in the
vowels ; sonant, or intonated, utterance ; tone ; — die-
ting, fr. mere breath sound as heard in/, «, «A, etc., also
from tchitper. 3. Language ; expression ; opinion ;
judgment ; vote. 4. A particular mode of conjugating
verbs, which indicates the relation of the subject of the
verb to the action expressed. — f . /. 1. To give expres-
sion to ; to utter ; to publish ; to divulge. 2. To utter
with sonant or vocal tone ; to speak above a whisper.
VolOAd (voist), a. 1. Furnished with a voice ; ex-
pressed by the voice. 2. Uttered with voice ; sonant ; —
said of a sound uttered with theglottis narrowed.
VolOAlaAA (vois'ISs), a. 1. ^ving no voice or vote ;
silent ; dumb. 2. Not sounded with voice ; surd.
Void (void), a. [OB. & OF. vcide, fr. (assumed) LL.
rociiua^ fr. L. voeare^ old form of vacare to be empty.]
1. Containing nothing ; empty ; vacant. 2. Haring no
incumbent ; unoooupied ; — said of offices, etc. 3. Being
without ; wanting. 4. Not produchig effect ; vain. 6. Of
no legal force ; nulL — n. An empty space ; vacuum. ^
r. t. 1. To remove the contents of; to moke or leave
vacant ; to quit. 2. To evacuate ; to emit ; to discharge.
3. To render void ; to annul ; to nullify. — v. i. To oe
emitted or evacuated. — Void'AT, n. — Vold'lMM, n. —
Vold'A-lllA, a.
Vold'Anot, n. 1. A voiding, ejecting, or evacuating.
2. Ejection from a benefice. 3. Vacancy.
VolAnt (vSH/mt), a, [L. votans, -lantia. p. pr. of
rolare to fly.] Flying^ current ; active ; rapid.
Vol'A-VlUr (v«l/K-pykO, n. Lit., worid's speech; an
artificisl language designed for universal use.
Vol'A-tllA (v81'A-tTl), a. [L. rolatilU, fr. volare.'\
1. Easily passing into the aeriform state; subject to
evaporation. 2. Light-hearted; easily affected ; lively;
fickle. - V61'A-tn»-lMW, Vol'A-tni-ty, It.
8yn. — See Lavmr.
Vol'A-ttl-iie (-iz), r. t. To render volatile ; to cause
to exhale or evaporate. — Vol'A-ttl4-IAtloll, n.
Vol-OAllO (-kS'n6), n. [It., fr. L. Vulcantu Vulcan,
god of fire.] Mountain ejecting lava, cinders, steam,
sulphur gases, etc. — Vol-OAIllO (-kXnTIc), a.
Vole (v31), n. [F.] A deal at cards tliat draws all
the tricks. — v. ^ To win all the tricks by a vole.
fim, recant, 6rb, ryde, fyll, Qra, food, ftfbt, out, oil, chair, bo, sins, iQk, then, thia.
VOLE
624
VOW
I. mooMlike rodent, temKmi «nd
Vote (y^)t »• A moaielike rodent, temrtrial «nd
aquatic ; water rat ;
meadow mouae.
VcKUtlon (t«.
ITab'tto), n. [F., fr.
L. vo/o I wllL See
YoLuaTAaT. ] A
wilUuff or cbooaing ;
ezercue of the will. . . _, , », j _ »,
ChoW prefereuce : (Arvtculu Hpanns).
detenniuation ; purxKMe. — Choice is the familiar, and
volUifm the Bcientiflc, term for the same state of the will ;
namely, an ** elective preference."
▼oia«T (v511j^)» n. tF. volee a flight, diachanre of
aeveral guns, fr. tfoler to fly, L. volare. See Volatilk.]
1. A flight of miasilee ; simultaneous discharge of a num-
ber of small arms. 2. A burst or emissiou of many
things at once. 3. (a) A return of a teunis ball before
it touches the ground. (6) A sending of a cricket ball
full to the top of the wicket. — r. <. & i. To dLtcharge
or be dlachaived in a volley.
Volt (vBlt), n. [Fr. Alessandro Volta, an Italian elec-
trician.] Standard unit of electro-motive force, lieing
the force wliicli produces a current of one ampere in a
circuit having a resistance of one ohm.
Vol-UlO (vSl-tSak), a. Pert to Volla, who first de-
veloped electric currents by chemical action.
Teltais kaMsfjr, an apparatus consisting of plates of dis-
■imilar metals, as copper and sine, arranged in pairs,
and subjected to the action of a saline or acid solution,
which generates a current of electricity whenever the
two poles, or ends of the series, are connected by a con-
ductor : a galvanic battery. — Yoltale pUe, a voltaic bat-
tery consisung of alternate disks of diadmiUr
metals, separated bymoiatened cloth orpaper.
Vol^-ism (v61't4.Ts*m), n. Form of
electricity developed by chemical action be-
tween metals and different liquids; voltaic
electricity ; science which treats of Uiis form
of electricity ; — called tilao anlvanum.
llVol'tSrgW (v«l't#-sii8r'), n. [F., fr.
voUiffer to vault. 1 1. A tumbler ; vaulter.
2. One of a (rfckeo company of irregular rifle-
men in each regiment of the French infantry.
Vol^-Uo (v5I^-bn), a. [L. volubUU, fr.
volvere^ vottUum^ to roll.] 1. Rasily turn-
ing; apt to roll; rotating. 2. Moving with
ease and smoothness; nimble in speaking;
glib. - Vol'v-liUI-ty, n. - Vol'a-bly, ffdv.
Vol'ome {-tni)y H. [F., fr. L. volume
roll of writing, book, fr. volvere^ volttfum."]
1. Oriff., aroU; scroll. 2. A collection of ^oU.,. Tie.
nrinted sheets bound tog<«ther ; book ; tome, n U p p e r
S. IMmensions; mass; bulk. 4. Amount, zine-^b
fullness, or caliber of voice or tone. I^ o w V r
Vo-ln'ml-wma (vft-lu'mT-nns), ff. Pert. to DUk of
volume or volumes, (a) Consisting of many ^.^PP®*" ^^
folds or coils. (6) Of great volume, or bulk ; Silver.
large, (e) Consisting of many volumes or books, (d)
Having produced many volumes ;' copious ; difTuse.
▼Ol'to-ta-xy (vSl'fin-tt-rJ^), a. [L. roluntariui, fr.
voluntas will, choice.] 1. Proceeding from the will ; pro-
duced by choice. 2. Unconstrained by another's influ-
ence ; spontaneous. 3. Done by design or intention ; not
accidental. 4. Free ; according to one's will, consent, or
agreement ; gratuitous. — n. A piece played by a musi-
cum. according to his fancy; an organ solo played at divine
service. — VoFim-ta-il-ly, adv. — Vol'iin-ta-il-ness, n.
8yn. — See SpoKTAiraous.
Vol^im-ttor' (vSl'&n-tSr'), n. One who enters into
any service voluntarily, or of his own free will. — a.
Pert, to a volunteer ; consisting of volunteers ; voluntary.
— V. f. To offer or bestow without solicitation or com-
pulsion, —r. i. To enter into any service voluntarily.
•
▼MnpllMI-nr (v«>10p'ttt-t-if ; 40), «. PL 90iuptm^
ariutt fr- vduptoM pleasure.] One addicted to luxury
and seuaoal gratification.^ a. Voluptooua; luxuioUb
Syn. — Sensualist; epicure.
VMimtll-OlUI (-Os), a. [L. volvLptuonu^ fr. totmpiat ;
{>rob. akin to velle to wish.] 1. Full of pleasure ; mia-
stering to sensuous or aensual gratification ; luzuriooa.
2. Indulging to excess in senaual gratifioationa. ^Vo-
lopfta-oui-iy, adv.
VCKlntO' (v6-lut'). n. [F. ; L. vofufa, fr. volvert, to-
;u/t»m,toroll.] 1. Spiral scroll characterising the Ionic
capital. 2. A spiral turn, as in certain shells.
Vohits spring, a spring formed of a spiral eeroU of plate,
rod, or wire, extensible in the direction of
tlie axis of the coil, in which direction ita
elastic force is employed.
Vomit (v6m1t), V. i. [L. tfomere^
vomttum.'] To eject (the contenta of the
stomach) Dv the mouth. ^i». 1. Matter
vomited. 2. That which excites vomit-
ing; an emetic. [ing*|
Vo-]lllllon-(v«.mTshnfai), «. Avomit-I
Voml-tiTO (vSml-tTv), a. Emetic v«i«*- a«*i«»
II Vo-mftO (v^-m^t* ; So. vft'mt-lft), n. ^^"^ ^P**"
[Sp., fr. L. vamihu.'] Yellow fever in ita worst form.
VOml-tO-ry (vSm'T-t^-rV), a. Causing vomitins. —a.
1. An emetic ; a vomit. 2. [L. vomitorium.} Pzuicipal
door of an amphitheater or large building.
Voo'dOO (vSo'dSb), n. One who practioea voodooian ;
negro sorcerer. — a. Pert, to voodoolsm.
VOO'dOO-ism (-Ts*m), n. [Prob. (through Creole
French vaudoux negro sorcerer) fr. F. Vattdou WaMeo-
sian, the Waldenses being accused of sorcery.] A super-
stition and sorcery, said to include cannibalism, prevalent
among negroes of Hayti and in parts of the United Btatea,
— considered a relic of African barbarism.
Vo-m'oloiUl (v^-ri^shfis), a. [L. vorax, -raeUy it. ro-
rare to devour.] Greedy in eating ; ravenous ; glutton-
ous ; rapacious. — Vo-rm'doiis-ly, mfr. • Vo^m'oloiui-
MM, VO-raol-ty {-rUn-Vi), n,
VorlVZ (vdr't&s), n. ; pi. E. YoBTun (•«<), L. Toa-
Ticas (-tT-sSs). [L. vortex, -/tct<, fr. tvrfere to torn. See
Vkrtxx.] a whiripool ; eddy. - Vor'ti-oal (-tl-knl), a.
Vola-ry (vyti-ry), a. [Fr. L. ro<fa, p. p. of rorere
to vow, devote.] Consecrated by a vow or promise : de-
voted. «••!. One vowed or addicted to some particular
service, worship, study, etc— VoOft-ltet, »., Volft-
rou, n. /.
VotO (v5t), n. [L. waum vow, wish, win, fr. norere,
vo/tim.] 1. Wish or opinion, of a peraon or body of per-
sons, expressed formally ; suffrage. 2. Voioe ; ballot ;
ticket. 3. Legal decision by expression of the minda of
a number. — v. i. To express the mind, will, or prefer-
ence, in electing persons to oflloe, in passing laws, ia
deciding on any proposition, etc. — v. f . I. To chooee
by suffrage ; to elect. 2. To enact, grant, determiaa,
etc., by formal vote. — Vot'or, n.
Voltvo (vS'tTv), a. [L. voHvui, it. vohtnL} Oiven
in fulfillment of a vow ; devoted. — Vo^TO-ly, adv.
Voaoh (vouch), V. L [OF. WHik^y L. voeare to call,
fr. roz, roci«, voice.] 1. To call upon to witness. 2. To
warrant ; to attest ; to avouch. 3. To back ; to estab*
liah. — V. i. To bear witness.
Syn. — To declare ; attest ; warrant ; protest ; aasnra.
Vonoh-OO' (-V)y n. One vouched, or called into oooxt
to make good his warranty of title.
Voaoh'or, n. 1. One who vouches, or attests, any-
thing. 2. A book, document, etc., which shows troth
of accounts or factit : receipt for pajrment of a debt.
Vonch-saf O' (-sBf), v. t. [ Vonck + w/e, that ia, to
voticli for safety.^ Tc condescend to grant ; to concede ;
to bestow. — r. t. To condescend ; to deign.
Vow (vou), n. [OE. A OF. i^ou, L. vatum^ fr. t>of«rv,
volnm^ to vow.] 1. A solemn promise to Ood, or to s
ft, a, 1, 5, CL, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, a, j^, short ; aenftte, fivent, tdea, «bey, ftnlte, cAre, ftnn, ftak, ^n, flnad.
VOWEL
625
WAGE
dii^ ; aa act binding one^a wlf io ume act, Mirioa, or
eondition. 2. Promiw of fidelity; pledge of love or
afreotioa.«*v. t. 1. To give, conaacrate, or dedicate to
Ood by solemn promise ; to devote. 2. To aaaeverate.
Vow'el (vou'ft), 11. [F. voyelle, !•. vocalU (ac. lU-
Ura), fr. voealU aoundiug, voar, rort«, voice, aound.] A
vocal, or whispered, aouud modified by reaonauce ; —
diating. fr. a eontotiant^ characterized by obatructive
action of the mouth organa ; a letter or character rep-
resenting auch a aound. — a. Pert, to a vowel ; vocal.
— Vow'tltd (-nd), a. [Written also rowtlUd.'^
GF* In the Engliah language, the written vowela are
a, e, t, o, «, and aometiroea w and y. The apolcen vowels
are much more nuroerotu.
il Vox (TSka), n. [L. Bee Voice.] A voice.
Vox bwDana (hfl-mS'n&) [L., human voice], a reed stop
in an organ, made to imitate the human voice.
Voy'ag* (voitj), n. [F., fr. L. viaticum traveling
money, proviaion for a journey, fr. vialieiu pert, to a
journey, fr. via way.] A journey; eap., a paaaing by
water to a diatant place, ^-r. /. & t. To aail or paas by
water; to travel ; to traverse. — Voy^A-gtr (-t-jer), n.
II VO7'A'ff0W (vw4/y4'xli8r0» «• [**•» 'r. voyager to
travel. J A traveler ; — Canadian term for one employed
in transporting goods in the Northwest.
RVrarMafblAaoo^ (vrt'aKN'blaHs'), n. [F.] Ap-
pearance of truth ; verisimilitude.
Vvl'oail(vlirkan),n. [Ij.VtUcnnus.Volcanut.'] Fabled
god of fire, who presided over the working of metals.
Vvl-oa'lli-ftll (-ki'nTwm), a. 1. Pert, to, or made by,
Tnlcaa ; pert, to work in metata. 2. Volcanic.
Vnl'oaia-it* (vU'kan-U), n. EbonitR.
tTnl'oaia-l-ll'tifni (-T-sa'shfin), n. The giving (caout-
chouc, gutt>-percha, etc.) greater elasticity, durability,
or hardness by heating with sulphur under pressure.
Vnl'oan-iM, r. /. To change the properties of (India
rubber) by vulcanisation.
Vnl'car (-gSr), n. [L. vulgaris^ fr. vtUgiu the multi-
tude, the common people.] i. Pert, to the miss, or mul-
titude, of people ; common ; public ; vernacular. 2. Pert,
to the common people, as aisting. fr. the cultivated ;
plebeian ; of little value. 3. Lacking rsflnement ; lovr ;
ooarse; mean; base. — Vlll'gar-ly (vfiKg8r-l]^), <ufv.->
Vnl'ffar-neM, n.
VlU'car-lmi (vttl'gSr-TsUn), n. 1. Orossness ; rude*
ness ; vulgarity. 2. A vulgar phrase or expreaaion.
Vnl-gaH-ty (-gSrT-tj^), n. t^. i ulgarUh L* vulgaris
/a« the multitude.] 1. The being vulgar; mean condi-
tion of life; Btate of the lower claaaea of society. 2.
Groeaneas of mannera or language ; coaraeneaa.
Vvl'gar-iM (vfii'gSr-iz), r. /. & i. To make vulgar.
Vnl'sata (-gtt), n. [NL. tmlgata^ f r. L. vuIgntM uaual,
common, p. p. of vulgare to make general, or common,
fr. viUgiu.} An uicient Latin veraion of tlie Scripturea,
and tiie only veraion which the Roman Catholic Church
admits to be authentic. — a. Pert, to the Vulgate.
VnllMrm-bto (-u8r-A-b1), a. [L. vulnerahili*, f r. vul-
nerare to wound, vulnus » wound.] 1. Capable of being
wounded; susceptible of injuries. 2. Liable to Injury ;
assailable. — Vul'nMr-A-
ble-nees, Vvl'ncrm-liil'-
l-ty, n.
vnl'iierm-rF (-t-ry), a.
[L. vulneraritu.J Useful
in healing wounds, --n. A
vulnerary remedy.
UVliyp«|(-p8s),n. [L.,
fox.] A genus of Camiv-
ora fncluding foxes.
Val'plno (-pTn or -pin),
a, [L. vuipintt*.'] Pert, to,
or like, the fox ; foxy ; cun-
ning; crafty; artful.
Val'tnn (viU'tfir; 40), aitr
n. TL. ri«//Mr.1 A rapacious mt^
bird of various genera, W
feeding chiefly on carrion. ^,
— Vnl'lor-liia (-Tn or -in),
Vvl'tvr-Oiui (-Os), a.
VyaM(vi'rng)^An. California Vulture rPawKtopr*.
from Vim. — Vylnc-ly, - phu$ OUironUmmh^
adv.
W.
Wab'bl«(w5b^n),r.t. [Cf. ProT. O. ip/TA&tf/n.] To
move staggeringly from one aide to the other ; to vacil-
late. — n. A hobbling motion ; a staggering.
Wack'O (wik'ft or wik), ) n. [O. tcacke^ OHO. tpng-
Waik'y (wlk'j^), ( ^o pebble.] A8oft,eartiiy,
dark-colored rock or clay derived from bosnlt.
Wad (w5d), n. [Cf. 8w. vadii wadding, O. wnf/e.1
1. A little mass or bundle, ss of hay or toa'. 2. Mass
of soft material (hay, atraw, tow, paper, yam, etc.) for
retaining a charge in a gun, or to diminiah windage ;
disk of felt, paateboard, etc., for auch a purpose, for
atoppingaperturea.paddinggarroenta, etc •*«./. 1. To
form into a maaa or wadding. 2. To crowd a wad into ;
to stuff with aome aoft aubatance. <— Wad'dlnK, n.
Wld'dle (w5d'd'l), r. i. [Freq. of tcnde; cf. AS.
vmiUian to beg. Bee Wade.] To walk with abort steps
swaying the body, like a duck or fat person : to move
tottHfingly ; to to.Uile ; to stumble. — Wad'dler, n.
Wade (wid), r. i. [AS. tendnn; nk5n to D. wndert,
G. fonten^ L. vadere to go, wi\lk, mdum a ford.] To
walk in ayiel'iing substiuce, as in water, mud, sand, etc.
— r. t. To p»ss by wadincr. — n- A widincr.
,Wafl'ar, n. 1. One tlmt wades. 2. A long-lptrged
birl that wtdes in the water in s#»<»rrli of foo<l, t>^^x^. a
llmicr>liiie or grall^itorial bird. 8"e Iltnst. g, under Avks.
Wjd'y (wSd'y), n. [Ar. wadl valley.] Channi»l of a
water course which is dry except in the rainy season.
Wafar ( wS'f8r>, n. [OF. wnufire, gm^fr€ ; of Tentonle
origin; akin to G. tpahe honeycomb, prob. akin to E.
icmve.'] 1. A thin cake made of flour, etc. 2. Thin
cake or piece of bread used in the Eucharist. 3. Ad-
hesive disk of dried paste, used in ai^aling lettera, etc.«»
v. t. To seal with a wafer. [and rolled ; wafer. I
Waf'ae(w5f'fn),fi. iD.tva/el.-] A thin cake baked I
Waft (w&ft), v.t.&i. [Prob. orig. imp. & p. p. of
tcavey V. t.] To move by impulse of waves ; to float along
on a buoyant medium ; to s«rim : to fly. — n. 1. A wave
or current of wind. 2. A signal made by waving a flag,
etc. [dium, as air or water. I
Waft'aga (-tj ; 2), n. Conveyance on a buoyant ne-|
Wag (wXg), r. /. & i, [AS. ipngifin to move, wag,
iregnn to bear, carry. See Weigh.] To move one way
and the other with quick toms ; to vibrato : to stir in
buffoonery, mirth, derision, and mockerv.«»n. 1. A
wneging; a8hake(of thehend,etr.). rCo//o7.] 2. One
full of nport nnd humor ; humorint : wit : joker.
Waga (wai\ r. /. [OF. fragier, gngier, to pledge,
promise, fr. LL. tradium a pledge ; of Teutonic origin.]
I 1. To nle'lge : to bet ; to wager. 2. To expose one*s
I self to (a risk) ; to incur (a danger) ; to venture. 3. To
I engage in (a contest); to carry on (a war).— n. That
I for which one labors ; payment for service performed ;
hire ; pay ; compensation ; — genemlly in t'le pi.
I Sjm. — Hire ; salary ; compensation ; fruit.
fgrn, raoent, 6rb, r^da, f yll, lira, fc»bd, ftfbt,
40
?u:, uil, cliaur, go, aiufh ^tt^ tiaen, Ulia.
WAGER
626
WALRUS
Waconftta.
Wa'nr {wVfit), n, [of. waoiere^ F. gageurt. See
Wage. J 1. Sotnething depodted or hasarded on an un-
aettled question ; a bet ; stake ; pledge. 2. The subject
of abet, '^v.t.&i. To stake ; to bet — Wa'gtr-MT, n.
Wa'ffM (wFjSs), n., p/. in form, but $ing. in sense.
{PI. of wage; cf. F. gages, pi., wages, hire.] Price paid
or labor ; recompense ; liire.
Wac'nr-y (wlg^gSr-j^), n. Manner or action of a
was : uiiscliievous roerriuieut ; pleasantry ; jocularity.
Wac'gteb (-gTsh), a, X. Like a wag ; frolicsome.
2. Done for sport ; humorous. — Wag'Slill-ly, adv.
Was'gto (wig'gM), r. i. & I. [Freq. of tcag.'i To
reel, sway, or move from side to dde ; to waddle.
wag'Oll (-ttn), n. [D. xcagen. See Wan.] 1. A
wheeled carriage ; vehicle on
four wheels, usuaUr drawn by
horses. 2. In Kngland, a
freight car on a railroad.
WAg'on-MT, 11. Drirer of
a wagon.
Waron-etto'C-StO.n. An
open pleasure wagon, with
seats along the sides.
Wac^tall' (-tC), n. A nnaU Old World singing Urd,
which constantly Jerks Its long tail up and down.
Waif (wSf ), n. [OF. <ra//, gaif, lost, unclaimed, chose
oatre a waif, LL. wayfium^ res vaivae ; of Scand. origin.
See Waits.] 1. Goods found without an owner. 2. A
wanderer: castaway; homeless child.
Wall (wH), r. /. & i, [Icel. vmla ; rs, re/, woe.] To
lament ; to bewail ; to weep. — n. Loud lamentation.
WalB (wSn), n. [AS. irmgn^ akin to £. teay. See
Wagon. 1 Wagon ; Tehicle for transporting goods, etc.
Waln'aoot (win'sk5t}, n. [OD. uafgksschot, D.
wagen-tchotf a claplxwrd, f r. OD. icaeg^ wrrg^ a wall (AS.
tDoh) 4- *ckot a covering of boards.! A wooden lining of
walls of apartments, usually made in panels. «- v. t. To
line with l>oards or panelwork. — Wain'BOOt-tllC n.
Waist (wist), n. [OE. watt ; orig., growth, akin to
AS. weaxan to grow. See Wax to grow.] 1. That part
c^ the human body immediately below Uie ribs or thorax ;
small part of the body between thorax and hips. 2.
Part of a vessels deck, bulwarks, etc., between quarter-
deck and forecastle. 3. Garment, or part of a garment,
covering the body from the shoulders to the waut line.
Walsfband (-bond), n. Baud which encompasses the
waist : one on the upper part of trouserw, skirts, etc
Walst'oloUl (-klSth), n. 1. Wrapper worn about the
waist or hips. 2. A covering of tarpaulin for hammocks
stowed between a ship's quarter-deck and forecastle.
Walat'OOat (wistni^t ; colloq. wfisOc&t), n. A short,
sleeveless rarmpnt for men, worn under tlie coat ; a vest.
Syn. — See Vest.
Walt (wat), r. i. [OF. waitiery gaitier, to watch, at-
tend, fr. OHG. wnhta a guard, watch, wahhen to watch,
be awake.] To stay in expectation ; to stop stationary
till the arrival of some person or event ; to rest patiently.
— r. /. To stay for; to await. — n. 1. A waiting;
delay; halt. 2. Ambush. 3. pi. Musicians who sing
or pliy at night, esp. at Christmas time ; aerenaders.
[Written formerly icayghies.']
Walt'tr, n. 1. One that widts ; an attendant ; ser-
vant at table. 2. Tray on which something is carried.
Walttoaa. n. A female waiter or attendant.
Walra (wiv), «•. /. [OF. weyrer, guesver^ to waive,
of Scand. origin.] [Written also imire.] To relinquish ;
to give up claim to ; to forego. [right or privilege. I
WalT'er, n. A waiving, or not insisting on, some |
Wake (wSk), H. [Orii^.. an open space of water sur-
rounded by ice ; cf. IcH. rok hole, opening in ire. J Track
left by a vessel in the water ; any track. i
Wakt, V. I. [imp. A- p. p. WAKiin (wakt) or Woke
(wSV) : p. pr. & vb. n. Wakino.] [AS. wncnn, iracion.']
1. To be awake ; not to sleep. 2. To liold a night revel. I
3. To cease to sleep. 4. TobeezdtGdorstirredapfrQa
a dormant or huctfve state. — v. /. I. To awake. 2. T»
put in motion or action ; to excite. 3. To brii^ to lif^
again; to reanimate; to rerire. 4. To watch with (a dead
bodv) at night.— ». 1. A waking, or being awaked.
2. A forbearing sleep ; a vigiL 3. A dtUng up with a
dead bodv, often with festivity, chiefly among the IrMu
WakaOld (wik'f^l). a. Notaleeplng ; indisposed to
sleep ; watchful ; vigilant. — WakaOOl-aMM, n.
Wak'an (wik'*n), v.i,At. To wake ; to rouse.
Wala (wil), •%, [A& tro/u mark of stHpes ; prob.
orig., a rod.] 1. A mark made on the skin by a whip ;
stripe ; wheaL 2. Ridge above the surface ; texture of
cloth. 3. jd. Certain aeU of the outside pUnkhig of a
vessel. — r. /. TG mark with wales, or stripes.
Walk ( w}(k). V. i. [Prob. fr. AS. wealean to roll, torn,
AS. tceaiiian to roam, ramble.] 1. To move along on
foot ; to advance at a moderate pace. 2. To move on the
feet for exercise or amusement ; to ramUe. 3. To coo-
duct one*s self. — r. /. 1. To traverse. 2. To cause to
walk; to lead, drive, or ride with a slow pace. •»». LA
walking, or moving slowly on the feet. 2. Manner of
walkiuff ; gait ; step. 3. Distance waDcad over ; pisoe
for walking ; path for foot passengers ; way ; road ; place
in which animals may grase ; range. 4. A frequented
track : sphere. 6. Condnot ; behavior. — Walkfar, n.
Walk'-O'Tar (•S'vS;-)* n. In nuring, the going over a
course by a hone having no competitor ; easy victory.
Wall (wftl), n. FAS. veatt, fr. L. vaUnm wall, rattis
stake, palisade.] L Structure of stone, brfak, etc, for
security, or inclosure ; one of the oprlgfat iodoaing parts
of a building or room. 2. A defenst ; metna of protec-
tion. 3. Inclosing part of a receptacls or %Miel — v. I.
To Inclose, defend, or fill, with walls.
Wan cresMr, a small bright-colored bird of Alia and
Southern Europe, which climbs
over old walls and cliffs in search
of insects. —WaU fhdt, fruit borne
by trees trained against a wail. —
wall papsr, paper for covering
walls of rooms ; paper hangings.
Wal'U.by(w5iaA-by),n. [Na-
tive name.] A kangaroo of An^
tralia and Tasmania. [Written
also wnllahee, and ttkallabee."]
Waiaat (-18t), n. [Prob. same
as OE. icatei a bag.] 1. Bag carried
about the person ; knapsack. 2.
Pocketbook for money.
WaU'-aTa" (wrII'), n. l. An
eye whose iris is whitish; — said
of horses. 2. (a) An American
fresh-water food fish having prom-
inent eyes ; — called also gMueyt^
pike perrhf yellow pike^ and ufaU-
eyed perch. (6) A Calif omia surf
fish, (r) The ale wife.
WaU'-aytd' (-id/), a. [Icel.
valdeygifr ; fr. vagi a beam, beam In the eye -f- eygr har
inr eyns (fr. auga eye).] Having an eye of a whitish color.
Wall'now/er (-floo^), ». 1. A perennUl. crndferoos
plant, with sweet-scented flowers. 2. A lady at a balL
who does not dance, but remains a spectator. [Colto^.j
Wallop (w8in&p), r. I. To flog; towblp.-*». A
blow. [Prov. Eng.y Scot., A CoUoq. U. 5.]
Wainow (-1^), V. i. [AS. wtalvian ; akin to L. rpf-
rere to roll.l To roll one's self about, as In mire ; to
flounder. — wall0W-ar, n.
Wal'nat (-nRt), n. [as. wealhhnvtu a Welsh or for*
e\gn nut, walnut ; itenlh foreign, n., Welshmsn, Olt -f-
/inutv nut : akin to D. walnoot, G. wolnvts.'] Nut of a
tree of the north tempemte sone ; the tree, ana Ita tirolier.
Wallma (-His), n. [D., lit., whale horse ; akin to
Icel. hrosshralry AS. honhtael.] A very larga marine
Wan Crsepsr(7k*e>
drama wsi w ifX
ii, 9, 1, Or n, lonj ; f*, C, X, A, A, t* "hort ; aenftte, dvent, Idea, ftbey, fknite, cArs, firm, Am\ §11, ftn«L
WALTZ
627
WARN
1 of the Baal UanWj, native of tba Arctic Ocean,
and bimted for ita oil, iTory, and akin. Called also mor«e.
Walrus ( Trichecug roMiant$). Male.
WiltB (walta), n. [O. wdzeTy fr. walzen to roll,
dance.] A dance by two peraona in circular flgurea with
a whirling motion ; piece of moaio in tri^e meaaure for
thia dance. — v. i. To dance a walU. — Wtltl'flr, n.
WamnUe (wSm'bU), v. i. [Cf. Dan. ramwfl squeam-
iab, ready to Tomit.] 1. To heave ; to be disturbed by
nauaea. 2. To wove irregularly to and fro ; to roll.
Wam'jDnm (-pttm), n. [N. Amer. Ind. ; fr. Maaa.
w6mpl, Del. wape^ white.] Beada made of ahella, uaed
by Indiana as money, and wrought into belta, etc.
Wan (w5n), a, [AS. toonn, von, dark, livid, perh.
orig., worn by toll, fr. winnan to labor. See Win.] Uav-
inga pale or aickly hue ; languid ; pallid.
Wand (w5nd), n. [Of Scand. origin ; perh. akin to E.
wi9ul to turn.] 1. A amaU atick ; rod. 2. (a) A ataif
of authority. (6) A rod uaed by divinera, magictana, etc.
Wan'der (wJJo'dJr), r. i. [AS. wandrian ; f r. windan
to turn.] 1. To ramble here and there ; to rove. 2. To
be delirioua ; to rave. — Wail'd«r-6r, n.
Syn. — To roam ; rove ; range ; atroll ; gad ; atray ;
■traggle : err : awerve ; deviate ; dei>art.
WanfMK-OO^ (-S&0« n. [Ciugaleae wanderu a monkey.]
A large monkey of Malabar, having a gray beard endr-
oltog the face. [Written alao ouanderoo.]
Wana (w5n), v. i. [AS. wanian, wonian^ fr. tcan, imm,
deficient, wanting ; akin to Gr. e^Mff bereaved/] 1. To
be diminiahed ; to decreaae ; — opp. to wax. 2. To de-
dine ; to fail ; to ahik. ~ n. 1. Decreaae of the illu-
mlnated part of the moon. 2. Decline ; failure.
Wan'naaa (wSn'nSa), n. The being wan ; pallor.
Want (wi^nt), n. [Orig. adj., fr. Icel. vant, neuter of
vtmr lacking, deficient. Bee Wans.] 1. A not having ; a
being without anything; deficiencv; lack. 2. Deatitu-
tion; poverty; need. 3. That which ia deaired ; a thing
not poaaeaaed. and neoeaaary for uae or pleaaure.
Syn. — Indigence ; defect ; failure ; dearth.
•-> v. <. & i. 1. To be deatitute (of), or deficient (In) ; to
lack. 2. To require ; to need ; to desire.
Wa'n't (w]|nt). CoUoq. contr. of was not.
Waat'ln^, a. Abaent; miaaing; deatitute; needy.
Waa'ton (wSn'tttn), a. [OE. icantottn; pref. van-
wanting 4- towen^ p. p., AS. togrn^ p. p. of /«^n, to edu-
cate, bring up; properly, ill bred.] 1. Untrained; un-
reatrained ; free ; aportive. 2. Perverse ; diaaolute. 3.
Reckleae; heedleaa.«n. 1. A trifler; a pampered pet
8. A lewd peraon. — r. f. 1. To rove without reatraint
or limit ; to reveL 2. To sport laacivioualy ; to play the
wanton. — Wan'ton-ly, (uf p. — Wanton-iMM, n.
Wl^ti (wSpHf-tT), n. [Prob. the Iroquois name.]
The American elk, akin to the European red deer.
War (w|(r), H. [AS. werre; akin to OHO. werra
■caudal, qu^irrel, OF. irerre war, P. (pierre.l 1. A con-
teat between natiotin, carried on by force ; declared and
open hostilitiea. 2. The profeasion of arms. 3. A state
or content; enmity: hostility.— r. i. To contend ; to fight.
War cry, cry or signal uaed in war.— War daaca, a dance
among aavagea preliminary to going to war. — War horaa.
hone naed in war ; horae of a cavalry aoldier ; charger.—
War whoop, a war cry, eap. that uttered by American
Indiana.
WarOlle (wf^l), v. t. A i. [OF. teerbler ; akhi to B.
whirL'] To aing in a quavering or vibratoi^ manner ; to
trill ; tc carol. — n. A quavering modulation of the
voice ; muaical trill ; aong. — Wainilar, n.
Waid (wf^), n. [AS. weardf fem., guard, v/eardy
maac., keeper, guard ; akin to Icel. varSr warden, watch,
and E. wary ; cf . OF. tcarde guard, from the Oerman. j
1. Aguarding; watch ; guard. 2. One that guarda ; gar-
riaon ; protector ; del euae. 3. The being under guardian-
ahip ; custody. 4. A giuurding or defensive motion or
rition. 6. One that U guarded, (a) A minor or peraon
care of a guardian, {b) A divlaion of a town or city,
(c) A diviaion of a hoapltal ; as, a fever ward. 6. (a) A
ridge of metal within a lock, to prevent the uae of a key
not fitting it. (ft) A notch iu a key to fit the ridge. ~ v. t,
[AS. %oeardi(m.'\ 1. To keep in safety ; to watch ; to
guard. 2. To protect. 3. To fend oiT ; to repel ; to
turn aside (anything miachievoua).— v. i. 1. To keep
guard. 2. To act on the defensive with a weapon.
Waid'an (ward'^n), n. [OF. wardein^ gardein. See
OuABDiAN, and Ward guard.] 1. A keeper ; guardian ;
watchman. 2. A keeper. 3. A head official; church-
warden. — Waid'«n-ry, Ward'an-aldp, n.
Ward'ar, n. 1. One who wards or keeps ; guard. 2.
Truncheon uaed by a king or commander in signaling.
Wazd^be' (-rBb/), n. [OF. warderobe^ F. garderobe.}
1. Room or cloaet for clothes. 2. Wearing appareL
Ward'klMlilll' (-rSdmO, n. Meaaroom of the commia-
doned officera of a war veaael.
Ward'aMp, n. 1. Office of a ward or keeper ; guar-
dianship. 2. The being under a guardian ; pupilage.
Ware (wftr), n. [AS. warn ; prob. akin to E. worth.']
Articlea of merchandiae ; atyle or claaa of manufacturea ;
inp/., goods; commoditiea.
Ware, v. t. To wear (a ahip) ; to veer. [or gooda. I
WarellOliae^ ( wfir'houaO, *>• Storehouae for wares, I
Waro'hOliaa' (-houaO, v. t. 1. To depoait in a ware-
houae. 2. To place hi the customhouse atorea, until
dutiea are paid.
WarellOliaa'lliail (-houa^mon), n. Keeper of a ware-
houae ; owner of a dock warehoiiae or wharf store.
Warlare' (wj^r'ffir'), n. IWar -f OE. /are course.]
1. HiliUry aervice ; hostilitiea. 2. Conteat ; atruggle.
Wa'rl-ly (wi'rT-iy), adv. In a wagr manner.
Wa'rl-IMM. n. A being wary ; cautiouanesa.
8yn. — Caution ; watchfulness ; circumspection ; fore-
sight ; care ; vigilance ; acrupulouaneaa.
Warlike' (wi^r'likO. n. 1 Fit for war; diapooed for
war. 2. Pert, to war ; military ; martial.
Syn. — Martial : hoatile ; aoldierly. Bee Maktial.
warlock (-18k), n. [OE. warioghe deceiver, a name
for the Devil, AS. wSSrloga breaker of his word ; trSr
covenant, troth (akin to L. verns true ; aee Vert) -f loga
a liar.] A nuUe witch ; wizard ; sprite ; imp.
Warm (wftnu), a. [as. wenrm; akin to OS.. D. A
O. warm ; prob. akin to OL. /ormut warm.] 1. Having
moderate heat ; not cold. 2. Having a aenaation of gentle
heat ; glowuig. 3. Subject to heat ; having little or no
cold weather. 4. Not cool, indifferent, etc., in temper ;
sealoua ; ardent ; excitable. 6. Violent ; veliement ; fu-
rious. — V. /. & i. To heat moderately. — WarmlT. odv.
Syn. — Ardent ; lealoua : fervent ; glowing ; enthnai-
aatic : cordial ; keen ; violent ; f urioua ; hot.
Warm'-blOOd'ed (-blQd'Sd ), n. Having warm blood ;
— applied to aiiimala (birda and maromala) having warm
blooNl, or maintaining a nearly uniform temperature what-
ever the temperature of the aurrounding air.
Warmtll ( warmtli), n. 1. A being warm ; gentle heat.
2. State of lively interest : seal ; ardor ; enthuaiaam.
Syn. — Fervor ; heat : glow ; enmestnesa ; cordiality ;
animation ; eagemeaa ; excitement ; vehemence.
Wan (w|(m), r. /. [AS. wamian^ treamton, to taka
ftra, leoioty 6rb| r||d«, t^, tan^ ftfbd, fdbt, out, oil, eliair, go, iIiib, Ink, tflien, ttite.
WARNER
628
WATCHHOUSE
he*d,towftra; ftkintoireamdMiiAl,reli]Ml; nrob.akiii
to B. VHMty,} 1. To make aware ; to slve notice to ; to
adxooniah ; to notify by authority. 2. To oauUou a|pBdu»t
anything that may prove injurious. — Wtfn'tr* n.
Wamlnc (wnmang), a. Oiving notice ; cauticming.
•»«. 1. Previoua notice. 2. Cauti<m against danger,
or against evil practices which incur danger ; m<mition.
Warp (w{^). v.L&i. [Icel. varpa to throw, cast,
varp a casting, ir. verpa to throw.] 1. To turn or twist
out of shape. 2. To turn aside from the true direction ;
to pervert. 3. To tow (a vessel) with a line, or warp,
attached to a buoy, anchor, etc. — n. [ A.S. wearp ; akin
to Icel. varp a casting. ] 1. The threads extendedlength-
wiae in a loom, and crossed by the woof. 2. A rope used
in moving a vessel ; towing line. 3. State of being warped
or twisted.
WarYant (wSr'ront), n. [OE. & OF. warant, garant,
a warrant, protector, orig. a p. pr. of German origin, fr.
OHG. tr^^ to grant, warrant. Of. 6uA&AimB.1 1. That
which warrants or authorizes ; a commisiMon investing
one with authority, and securing him from loss ; commis-
sion. 2. Guaranty; securitv. 3. That which attests or
proves ; a voucher. — v. t. x. To make secure ; to guar-
antee safety to. 2. To support by authority or proof ; to
justify. 3. To give a wsrrant or warranty to. 4. To as-
sure ; to Indemnify against loss ; to secure to (a bilkyer)
the represented quality or quantity of goods sold.
Warrant oficer, a nonoommlssioned officer in the army
or navy.
Warrant-a-ltla, a. Authorized by commission, pre-
cept, or right ; justifiable. — WarTant-a-iaMIMa, n. —
Wai^aBt-a-Uy, adv. [or warranty is made. I '
War^ran-tee' (-ran-tSO. n. One to whom a warrant!
War'iaiit-ar (wSKrontrir), War'raiit-or (-Sr), n. One
who warrants or empowers ; a guarantor.
War'kailt-y (-y), n. [OP. warantie, P. garantie.l
1. A covenant of security ; promise or stipulation by
deed. 2. Security ; guaranty, —v. t. To warrant.
Syn. — See Guaramtu.
Wartan (-r6n), n. [OF. warenne, garene^ fr. irorer,
oarer, to beware; of Teutonic origin.] Inclosure for
breeding and keeping rabbits, beasts, fowls, or fish.
Waraor (wRr'ySr or w8r'rT-?r), n. [OF. tcerrtmtry
guerreoTy fr. guerre y werre, war.] One engaged or ex-
perienced in war ; a ooldier ; champion.
Wart (wart), n. [AS. wearte; perh. orig., a growth,
and akin to E. tcorttf or cf. L. verntca wart.] 1. A small,
hard excrescence on the skin. 2. Glandular excrescence
or hardened protnberance on plants.
Wart hot, a large African wild hog, 1. „
tuberclesMhindthe tusks and behind the eyes.
ge African wild hog, having large, fleshy
Wartf i-f), a. 1. Having warts; overgrown with
warts. 2. Of the nature of warta.
Wa'ry (wa'rj^), a. [AS. wmr; akin to Icel. rarr, OHG.
vara attention, Or. hpav to see.] Cautious of danger;
carefully giiardhig against deception, dangers, etc.
8yn. — Circumspect ; watchful, bee Cautious.
\ (w5z). [AS. WKMy 2d pera. wSrc, 3d p«rs. waw,
pi. wSroriy with the inf. wesan to be ; akin to OHG. we-
soHy imp. «VM, G. weMen, n., a being, essenc«', war was,
Goth. fpUan to be, to dwell, imp. wu. See Wbrb.] 1st
and 3d pera. sing, of the verb 6«, in the indie, mood, pret.
(imp. ) tense.
waBb (wSsh), V. t. [AS. wagcan ; akin to D. wftMcheny
G. woichen.] 1. To cleanse by dipping or rubbing in
water ; to scrub witli water, etc. 2. To wet ; to fall on
and moisten ; to overflow or dash against. 3. To cover
with a thin coat of color ; to tint lightly. 4. To overlay
with a tliin coat of metal. «•«.<. 1. To clean anything
in water. 2. To be worn away by action of water, as by
a running stream, dashing of the sea, etc. — n. 1. A
washing ; ablution ; quantity (of clothes, etc.) washed at
once. 2. A piece of ground washed by a sea or river ;
bog ; marsh ; fen. 3. Waste liquid, refuse of food, etc.,
fromakltohaa,oftonua«laafoodforplga. 4.Thfttwith
which anything Is washed, or wetted, Mneared, tintad,
etc., upon the surface; a lotion ; thin coat of color, in
painting ; thin coat of metal laid on anything.
Washlsathor, spUt sheenskin dressed with oQ, In imita-
tion of oliamols ; buff leather for soldiers' belts.
Waall'boara' (wSsh'oSrdO, n. 1. A ribbed board on
which clothes are rubbed in washing them. 2. A boaid
skirtinff the walls of a room ; mopboard.
Waaa'«r,n. I. One that washes. 2. Ring of metal,
leather, etc., to relieve friction, tighten joints, etc
Waan'ar-WOBl'aB (-wd6m'an), n. A woman wbo
washes clothes for hire.
Waahl-neaa, n. The being washy, watery, or weak
Waah'OIlt' (-out'), n. The washing out or away of tha
bed of a road, etc., by rain or a freshet.
Waah'y (-j^), 1. L Watery; damp; aoft 8. Lack-
ingsubstance or strength ; weak ; thin ; feeble.
Waap (wJJsp), n. [AS. wtepty w^fej akin to L. reepa,
perh. to E. »/r«re.] Any one of numer-
ous stinging hymenopteroos insects.
WaBpi8ll,a. 1. Like a wasp in form;
having a slender waist. 2. Quick to re-
sent alfronts ; irritable. — Waap'lflll-ly .^
^
adv. — Waaptah-
Syn. — I%tulaut ; irascible ; testy
peevish; captious.
Waa'aaU (wSs'sTl), n. [a& «>m kit
be in health.] 1. A drinking to one's «,..»
health. 2. A drinking bout ; a carouse. ^**^
3. Beverage formerly used at Christmas, etc, made o( ala
(or wine) with spices, sugar, toast, roasted apptos, ^a ;
— called also Iambus teool. — a. CooviviaL — r. <. To
carouse. — Waa'aall-er, n.
Waat ( wSst). 2d pers. sing, of the verb 6e, faidic. mood,
imp. tense ; — now used only in solemn or poetical style.
waata (wist), a. [OE. £ OP. «ra«<, fr. L mj^m. Cf.
Vast.I 1. Desolate ; devastated ; bare ; dreary ; dismaL
2. Lying unused; unproductive; worthless; refnse.—
V. t. [OE. wnsteny OF. wuttTy guaslery L. vcMare to lay
waste, fr. vattH*.'\ 1. To bring to ruin ; to desolate.
2. To wear away by degrees ; to cimsume. 3. To spend
unnecessarily or proditntUy ; to squander. •**. L To be
diminished; to dwindle.— n. 1. A wasting, or beii^
wasted ; needless destruction ; useless expencutars ; loet
without equivalent gain. 2. That which is wasted or
desolate; uncultivated or deserted region; wildemeai.
3. Worthless remnants; refuse. — WMfar, a.
Stb. - Prodigality ; diminution; loss; dissipaUoo;
destruction ; devastation ; havoc ; desolation ; ravage.
WaatelOl, a. l. Full of waste ; ruinous. 2. Lavish ;
prodigal. -- Waatafal-ly, adv. — Waataftol-naaa, n,
Syn. —Lavish ; profuse ; prodigal ; extravagant.
watOh (w6ch), n. [AS. wmcecy fr. irociffn to wake;
akin to D. <& G. tracA/.] 1. A watching ; forbeauanoe
of sleep ; vigil ; constant attention ; guard. 2. Watch-
man, or body of watchmen ; sentry ; gui^d. 3. Post of
a watchman ; place where a guard is kept. 4. Period
during which one serves as a sentinel, or guard ; a dlvl-
sion of Uie night. 6. Small timepiece to be carried aboot
theperson.— V. <. 1. To be awake; to oontinue withoot
sleep. 2. To give heed ; to be on the lookout ; to keep
guard. 3. To be expectant ; to wait ; to seek opportu-
nity. 4. To attend on the sick during the night. —s. I.
1. To give heed to ; to keep In view. 2. To tend ; to
guard ; to have in keeping. — WatOh'M', a.
WatOh'dOff' (wQch'dOgOi »• A dog kept to watch and
guard premises or property.
Watobfnl, a. Full of watch ; careful to obeerva
cloMiy. — Watohfnl-ly, *tdv, — Watoli'fiil-iuaa. %,
8yn. — Vigilmt : attentive ; cautions ; obserrsnt ; clr>
cumspect ; wakeful ; heedf uL
WatobllOIIBa' (-housO, n. 1. House in which a watcb
or guard is placed. 2. Place for keeping persons v
temporary arrest ; polioe station ; lockup.
S, i, 1, 5, fl, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, A, t« «k<nt ; sonftts, tvMit, tdsa, «bay, ttalta, oftra, Km, Ask, §11, 1
WATCHMAKER
62d
WAX
WaMll'&Ulk'tr (wBol/mSk'Sr), ». One who makes
■ad rapAin watches.
WfttOJi'llllll (-man), n. L One set to watch ; guard.
8. One who guards a building, streeU, etc., by night.
WatOh'WWtf', n. 1. A word given to sentinels as a
signal by wliich a friend is Icnowu trom an enemy ; pass-
word. 2. A motto ; rallying cry ; sigiul for action.
Wattr (w|/t8r), n. [AS. wmter; akin to L6. & D.
wolsr, O. wauer^ Or. v&up, and perh. to L. unda wave.]
1. Fluid which descends Irom the clouds in rain, forming
riTwrs, lakes, seas, etc. 2. A body of water, standing
or flowing ; a lake, river, etc 3. Any liquid secretion
resembling water ; urine. 4. Limpidity and luster of a
preoions stone. 6. A wavy, lustrous pattern, imparted
io linen, silk, metals, etc*- v. t. 1. To wet or supply
with water ; to moisten ; to irrigate. 2. To supply with
water for drink. 9. To wet and calender (cloth) ; to diver-
dfy with wavelike lines. 4. Tb add water to (anything),
thereby extending the quantity or bulk while reducing
the strength or quality ; to dilute ; to weaken. « i>. t.
1. To shed, secrete, or fill with, water or liquid matter.
2. To get or teke in wat^r. — Wft'ttr-flT, n.
Wstn- MirUft. trinjpoHntlon by water- - Wsur e*rt,
csTt ii<i?3.riii(f « kl^T, eAjjL for BprinliUiii: Ht^cftn, - WUsr
fiCiTtntv byilr,iij|[.5 ctirr«i'»^ - Wmt«r color [ff^ A cnlor
EtoumI *rith w^t^raud ffiiua, hnpJ tlit«i for ms^ by rub-
bUi« \t *ith Witter ; - disthig. ff. o/f mi&r. i fri A iMiture
pAhited witli Hill h ii>lL>r*. - W&t*r countn j* »in.nii of
wAtET; piver \ kr" k : \.*mx%\* — W»t»r rriu. a in^nunial
cruHf'^pua li-T >, ^'TnTwinK in «i>nitir rtiiUT, njni t tCi nas
a »il*l. -W*t#r cw*, i;**! Hy<lmitxtby. iAj K=t ii h ih-
Bi^t wH^Ti! (It4«p^«ii »pii treatJHl t*y umt«r, - W&t«r dj»g.
fff> t>otf tu:'ciJMt i<mK»0 \*^ tltc< w.itflr. i6| StmII Ki* mg
clon^J, supTta^il to iiKljc^^te taLh. <>v An ut'i •^ult^r.
\i:nn<iq*\ - WsttT faajn. hiBtniiacitt «^ltowtiii; ttiK <iUuutity
ol *ater Irj n »t«iiii twnUTt Ptf, - Waur ic««
eatca 4t a ixml^rtion. WaUr L»r«i. Irvc I
f ortBed by the surfatte u{ atilJ vh ;ir m r W %Ur
II|r,aasqu4tl« pluic btturtni;; Um>< rluitJii^
learwi ana tMjautlfuI ftuwer*. - Water line, a
- ' - J llnj upon tiie mitslde uf ftAlilp,
KliwK With UjeBurfacis cpf the water
! fioaU on a,ii evfij kwJ - Watw
If?} Power orir:iti'riiiir<dri>iiiiiti«Tn]v
ehinerif, etc. r/ji A u\\ .( ^vlLl-'l ^^ \vwh ,n,v
be used Id iriit>vp ni-ichiiMTY^ r'h\ i. (Sir^'f-ir
a water tniU* — Watar Uiw^r. (n.rt,i Mi- -rni4
plpvi^ earried in •KM-tiuri^ ori ,i t^irriii^i^, u^wJ
In QilflUDhiiig ft ri^ ji J n Ul\ l^i i i I . h 1 1^ h. WaUr
wIimI. I ad A ^^hi'i"! ti*f
propvEliiiii; iijii^'hinMry,
eto., r^Liitr't Uy ihrt-rt
ncl ion o \ wat ttr . j J^* i Vm\ -
iUh wtirt'Pl of a nt^iiti vim^
iHiL (ri W hu6 i f r>r r.u«E ug
WatMr; naHn.
A [>rivy; [(flify hftv-
ll>K [I cMHitrEvaiicci for
dft4iu^jn£f it by a
ttrHaiM lit watrr,
Wa'tn--UUM^rl^
tir-fuli, /I. A faiu
or perjB'TnUnnlartJi'ftrpnt+nf ihe wJiter
of a iftrQiUii ; mai'aili' : <'iit,ir:ir-t,
^^^^^_^_ Wa'Ierfowl' t'foTiU, p*. Bji.l fre-
Tladen-H -t VVhrtL 4^iemi4iij wrtii r, or UvU,k hUuI rivers,
lakes, «4tc., or on or near tite mea.
WA'ter-l-naM, n. A being watery;
moisture.
Wa'tor-inv, a,&n. fr. Water, r.
Watertag cart, a wator cart ; sprin-
kliuK cart. — Watering place, (a) Place
where wat<*r may be obtained, as for a
sliip, for cattle, ete. (6) Place wliere
tliere are aprings of medicinal water,
or a place by the sea or aome body of
liVatffr GftitEP, a
Wall of rt. Vr:
t* fit^M 1 Ml . of
Hkich tiM- i.^ .ter
ifi*nil»n!r)ir l.*v-
^] Evi fJjpit I'-j in
till! IlfkLkr t e f
Bmat Wheel.
water, to which people resort for bathing, boating, tie,
— Walsrlag pot, bucket fitted with a roee, or perturated
noszle, for watering flowers, paths, etc
Wa'tmr-lOfgtd' (-15gd' )> ^ billed or saturated with
water so as to be lieavy or loglike ; — said of a slup.
WA^ar-nuui (-man), n. A boatman ; ferryman.
WtL'tn-matk' (-markO, n. 1. Mark indicating the
height to which water has risen ; usual limit of high or
low water. 2. Letter, device, eto., wrought into paper
during manufacture.
Watwr-llMl'OII (-mei'ttn), n. A vine and ite Uurge
roundish fruit, luiving a pulp, usually pink in color, and
full of a sweet watery juioe. See Jtitut. of McLoir.
WA't«r-pot' (-pfit^), n. Vessel for holding or convey-
ing water, or for sprinkling water on cloth, plants, ete.
WA'tmr-prooC^ (-pr€5f0> a. Proof uralnst penetration
by water ; impervious to water. — n, 1. Preparation for
rendering cloth, leather, eto., impervious to water. 2.
Cloth made waterproof ; article made of waterproof ma-
terial, as rubber ; outer garment of such materuU. «• v. /.
To render (cloth, leatlier, eteO impervious to water.
WAt«r-rot' (-rSt^), V. I. To rot by steeping in water.
WAtor-llltd' (-shSdOt n. [O. waMtertcheUle ; wnuer
water -f- seheide place where two things separate, Ir.
teheiden to separate.] 1. Region which contributes to
the supply of a river or lake. 2. Line of division be-
tween two adjacent rivers or lakes with respect to the
flow of water into them ; natural boundary of a basin.
Wa'tar-aoak' (-aOkO, v. tl To soak in water.
WAtor-Spcmt^ (-spout^),n. Whirl wind,usually over the
seajjraising great masses of water to considerable heiglita.
WAtor->ttgilt' (-titO, a. 8o tight as to retain, or not
to admit, water ; not leaky.
WAtflr-WOfk' (-wflrkO, n. Hydraulic apparatus for
f urnistiing a supply of water for dams, sluices, pumps,
aqueducts, fountains, eto. ; — chiefly \npl.
WaftU-mn/ (-wSmO, a. Worn, smoothed, or pol-
ished by action of water.
Wa'tar-y (-y), a. [AS. wxteHg."] 1. Pert, to, or
consisting of, water. 2. Abounding with water; wet;
tearful. 3. Resembling water ; thin or transparent, ai;
a liquid. 4. Tasteless ; insipid ; spiritless.
WAt'tto (wSt't'l), n. [A8. tcatel hurdle, covering,
wattle.1 1. Twig ; flexible rod ; hurdle made of aurh
rods. 2. (n) A naked, fleshy process of the skin hanr-
ing from the chin or throat of a bird or reptile. (A)
Barbel of a fish.— r. t. 1. To bind with twigs. 2. To
twist or interweave ; to plat.
WaqI (wf^l), V. i. [Imitative.] To cry as a cat; to
squall. [Written also wavlA
Wat* (wiv), r. /. To waive.
WAVe, V. i. [AB. icijjlan to waver, to hesitate ; akin
to Icel. vq/a to vibrate. J To move like a wave, one way
and tlie other; to float; to undulate.— r. /. 1. To
move one way and the other ; to hrandisli. 2. To raise
into inequalities of surface. 3. To signify by waving;
to beckon ; to indicate. — n. 1. An advancing swell on
the surface of a liquid, as of the sea, eto. ; an nndula-
tion. 2. Vibration propagated from particle to particle
through a body or elastic medium, as in transmission of
sound. 9. Unevenness; inequality of surface. 4. Sig-
nal made with the hand, a flag, ete.
WAVe^MA, a. Free from waves ; undisturbed.
WA¥el«t, n. A little wave ; ripple.
Wa'TAI (wa'vgr), r. i. [AS. ir.^fre waTering, rest-
less.] 1. To play to and fro; to totter; to flutter. 2.
To be unsettled : to vacillate. — WA'ver-*'', n.
8yn. — To reel ; totter ; vacillate. See FLncrnan.
WAT'y (wIv*!), n. 1. Rising or swelling in waves;
full of waves. 2. Playing to and fro; undulating.
Wax (w«ks), V. i. [AS. wf^nznn ; akin to O. traoAsen,
Or. ab^avttv to increami ] 1. To Increase in size ; to
growblgger;— opp. totr/rne. 2. To pass from one state
to another ; to become ; to grow.
itrn, nocnt, 6rb, nida, fyll, Qra, tood, fcTot, out, oil, ohair, go, aiitg^ ink. tSien, thin.
WAX
630
WEATHERCOCK
as Cwika), n. CA& wear.] 1. A ttXtj eubstaoce,
produced by beet, for making honeycotub. 2. BubsUnce
reaeiubling beeswax, (a) Cerumen, or earwax. (b\ A
waxlike compoaitiou for uniting surfaces, excluding air,
fttc. as, sealiug teax^ grafting waXy etc (e) Composition
nsed by shoemakem to rub tlieir tbread. (<f ) Substance
•imilar to beeswax, secreted by certain insects sud plants,
and found in connection with certain deposits of rock
salt and coal. — v. L To smear or rub with wax.
Waxed tad, a thread pointed with a bristle and corered
with shoemaker's wax, used in sewing leather.
WtM^Wk (wUu^'n), a. 1. Made of wax. 2. Covered
with wax. 3. Resembling wax ; soft ; yielding.
WKEfWiKtkf (-wQrk')t n. Work made of wax ; figures
fonued of wax, in imitation of real beings.
WtMfJ (-9)i a. Like wax In appearance or consist-
ency; viscid; adhesive; soft; yielding; impressible.—
Wftlfl-IIMSy ft.
Way (wi). n. [AS. tPfg ; akin to D. & G. weg, and to
L. tfia way, vehere to carry.] 1. That by, upon, or along,
which one passes; passage; road. 2. Diatauce; iuter-
vaL 3. Progression ; diiwction ; tendency. 4. Means ;
plan. 6. Manner; method; style. 6. Regular course ;
habitual mode. 7. Timbers on which a ship is launclied.
Wsj station, intermediate sUtion between principal sta-
tions on a railroad, etc. — Way train, a train which stops
at way stations ; accommodation train.
Syn. — Wat ; Stbxbt ; Hiohwat ; Road. — Way is ge-
neric, denoting any line for uasMge or conveyance ; a '
highway is literally one raisea for dryness and conven-
ience in traveling; a road^ a way for horses and car-
riAges ; a «<r«e/, etymologically, a pavtd way, and, hence,
distinctively applied to highwAys in compact settlements.
Waybill' (-bTl'), n. List of passengers in a public
vehicle, or of goods transported by a common carrier.
WKftWtat (-fftr^r), n. Traveler ; passenger.
WarfWiBfft 'v- Pawing : being on a journey.
Waylay' (wini'), r. /. To lie in wait for ; to watch
for the passing ofjin order to seise, rob, or slay ; to be-
set in ambush. — waylayar, n. [the wayside. I
Way'Ude' (-sldOt n. Sideof theroad.— a. Pert. to |
Wayfward (-w^rd), a. Taking one's own way ; will-
ful. — Way^ward-ly, <uiv. — Way'ward-nMa, n.
Way'WOm' (-w8ni0, «. Wearied by traveling.
We (w8). pron, ; pi. of I. IPou. Oum (our) or OtJBS
(ours) ; obj. Us (Os). See 1.1 [AS. iti.} I and others.
Waak (wSk), a. ricel. veikr; akin to AS. wie weak,
soft, pliant, G. weieX} 1. Wanting strength ; feeble ;
sickly ; exhausted ; not able to sustain weight or strain ;
pUant; fraU; feeble; faint. 2. Not possesshig intel-
lectual, moral, or political strength, vigor, etc. ; wanting
discernment ; spiritless ; not decided ; wavering ; easily
moved or overcome ; vulnerable ; nnsustained ; feeble.
WMlk^on (wSk'^n), r. /. 1. To make weak ; to enfee-
Ue. 2. To reduce in quality, strength, or spirit. — r. {.
To become weak or weaker ; to become less positive or
resolute. — WMk'«ll-«r, n. [feeble, j
Waakninf (-ling), n. A weak creature.— a. Weak:|
Waakly, adv. in a weak manner ; feebly, ^-a. Mot
■trong of constitution ; infirm. [2. A fault ; defect. I
Waak'naaa, n. 1. The being weak ; Uck of vigor. |
Syn. — Feebleness ; debility ; languor ; imbecility ; in-
finnness ; infirmity : decrepitude ; mdlty ; faintneas.
W«al (w81), n. Wale. — v. t. To mark with stripes.
WmI, n. [AS. trein, weola^ wealth, fr. wel well.]
Boimd or prosperous state ; happiness ; welfare.
W«altll(w«lth), n. [OE. trellhe, fr. tteJe. See Wkal
prosperous state.] Larse possessions : afflnence ; opu-
lence ; riches. — WMdth'y, a. — Wealthl-ly, adv.
Waan (wSu), v. t. [as. weniany wennariy to accus-
tom ; cf. tipenian to wean.1 1. To accniitom (a child or
young animal) to deprivation of mother's milk. 2. To
reconcile to tlie want or loss of anything.
allna, n. Child or animal newly weaned.
Weap^On T^Sp'fin), n. [AS. wSpen.^ Instrument of
combat ; som^hlng to fight with ; anything for destroyiBg,
defeating, or injuring an enemy. — Waap^iO-lMS, a.
Waar (w«r), n. A weir.
Waar (wtr), v. l. [Cf. Visa.] To CMiae (a veasel)
to go about, by putting the helm up, instead of alee aa
in tacking, so that her stem is presented to the wind,
and her sails fill on the other side ; to veer.
f. [trnp. WoRB (w5r) ; p. p. Won (wBm) ;
p. pr. &vb. n. Wkakuio.] [AS. trerian to carry, wear
(arms or clothes) ; akin to OHO. vtrien to elothe, L.
ve^U clothing, vfjttire to clothe. Cf . Vkst. ] 1. To carry
upon tlie person ; to have on. 2. To have an appearanoa
of (an aspect or manner). 3. To consume by vm; to
waste ; to use up. 4. To impair bv continnal attrition,
scraping, etc. ; to consume giadusliy ; to spend. 6. To
make by friction or wastinff. — r. <. 1. To endure use.
2. To be wasted or diminished, by use or time ; to decay
gradually. •»«!. A wgtring or being worn ; consumpckm
by use or friction. -
'Wear and tsar, loss by wearing, as of machinery In oae ;
Jferabyr' - ^ - -
thing suffers by use, aocidei
(wS'rT-sfiro), a. Caosing
I. — Waalri^Mna-fcr, adv.
accident, etc
weariness;
injury which anything suffers
l^oalt-aoma (V^' " ^
tiresome; tedious. .
Syn.—Fathruing; annoying ;Texauoas. SeelaasoMB.
Woafy (-ry), a. [AS. trer«p ; cf. vSrinn to ramble.]
1. Having stroiffth exhausted by toU or exertion ; worn
out ; fatigued. 2. Tiresome. 3. Having one's patience,
relish, or contentment exhansted.— v. L To exhaust
the endurance of; to tire.— v.i. To become tired.
Syn.— To jade: tire; fatigue; fag. SeeJAoa.
Waa'kaild (-sand), n. [AS. trdMiMi.] Windpipe.
Woa'ael (-s'l), n. [AS. tre«^.] A anail camivora,
akin to the ermine
and ferret, very
slender and agile.
Woatli'ar(w8tfa'.
Sr),n. [OE.&AS.
weder ; akin to O.
wetter y and nerh. to
E.trtfn<f.] State of
the air as to heat
or cold, wetness or
dryness, calm or storm, etc. ; condition of the atmosphere.
— V. /. 1. To expose to the air ; to air. 2. To bear np
against and overcome ; to resist. 3. To ssil to the wind-
ward of (a cape, another ship, etc.). — r. i. To endure
the action of the atmosphere; to suffer meteorological
influences ; to suffer waste by weather, — a. Being to-
Lssst WrsM*! (Ptttoriu* niratit) in
Summer Coat.
ward the wind, or windward ; — opp. to l^.
— - - forthesigni
from the whole coonUT
simultaneous reports of meteorological conditions, and
Wsathsr harsas, a popular name for the signal service at
the United SUtes. which collecU from the whole c
forms predictions as to tlie weatner, which are tele-
graphed to various stationa, and announced by signals
pubUely dispUyed. - Wsathsr gsMs. {a) PodUon of a
ship to the^windward of another. {b> A PO(ritloa of snpe-
displayed
je windwaL .
advantage in position.
_. a canopy or cornice 01 —
throw off the rain. — Wsathsr shers. the shore to the wind-
a canopy or cornice over a door or window, to
the rain. — Wsathsr shers. the shore to the wind-
ward of a ship. - Wsathsr tide, the Ude which seta acainst
" >f a ship, impelling her to the windward.
the lee side of ^, ... .^ _
Wcatyar fcaaTan (-W^, a. Beaten or haraased
by the weather ; worn by exposure.
Waath'ar-board' (-bSrdO. ». 1. (a) Side of a vessel
toward the wind ; windward side, lb) Plank placed In
a porthole, etc. , to keep out water. 2. (a) Board extend-
ing from the ridge to the eaves along the slope of the
gable, and uniting the ehinglUig of a roof with the side
of the building, {b) CUpboard used in weatberboarding.
— V. t. To nail boards upon so as to exclude rain, etc
Waatll'ar-lMmild' (-boandO* »• Kept in port or at
anchor by storms ; delayed by bad weather.
Waatlfar-OOOk' (-k5k'), ». 1. Avane.^orig. often
in the figure of a cock, turning with the wind, and show-
mg its direction. 2. One who veers with every ch
of current opinion ; a fickle person.
u, S, 1, 3« O, long ; ft, «, 1, 5, a, t. short ; s«Ulte, «vent, Idea, «bey, finite, eftra, Mrm, A^ «I1, fln«L
WEATHERGLASS
631
WELD
WMtll'tr-glAMI' (w«th'8iHlUb')* n. Imtramenttoiii-
dioMe tba sUU) of Um atmosphere, cltanfire" ol litmoepheric
preemre^MKi chauges of weather, as a barometer or baro-
•oope. [weather. I
WMth'«r-WlB«' (-wis'), a. SkOlf ul iu forecasting Uie |
W6ftV»(wiv), V. i. [imp, Wovi (w8v) ; ». p. WovBir
( wCt^'h), W ot» ; p. pr. & vo. n. W ba viko. J [AS. we/an ;
akin to D. tpeven^ 0. weben^ Gr. if<i>a.i¥*t¥, r., v0oc web.]
1. To unite (threads of any kind) so aa to form a texture ;
to entwhie ; to unite intimately. 2. To form (cloth)
by kiterlacing threads ; to form into a fabric ; to com-
poe6.^v. i. 1. To work with a loom. 2. To become
fait6nroTen.^n. A particular pattern d wearing.—
WMT'ar, n.
WsaTsr Mrd, a bird of Asia, But
India, and Africa, rejembling
Unohee and sparrows, which con-
stmcts pensile nests of interlaced
grass and similar mUerials.
Wea'ftaD (wS's'n), a. [See
Wnn.] Thin ; withered.
Web (wSb), n. [AS. trebb ; akin
piece
Texture of fine thread spun by a
spider; cobweb. 4. Membrane
uniting fingers or toes. 6. Series
of bMba on each side of tbe shaft
of a feather. — v. /. To unite or
surround with a web ; toonrelop.
WeblMd (wSbd), a. 1. Pro.
Tided with a web. 2. Having the
toes united by webs, m sea fowls. The Bays Wearer Bird
WelKblny (wSb^bTng), n. A {PbjcfM bittta), with
woren band of cotton or tlax, used iu two kinds of Ne*u.
for reins, girths, bed bottoms, etc.
WoVroot' (-t(f6V), n. 1. A foot baring ito toes con-
nected by a membrane. 2. A web-footed bird.
WdV-lOOttdt a. Harlng webbed feet ; palmiped.
Wed (wM), V. t. & i. [AS. iceddinn to covenant,
promise, marry.] 1. To take for husband or wife by
formal ceremony ; to marry. 2. To Join in wedlock.
3- To attach flrmly or indtssolubly. [marriage. I
Wtd'dlag, n. [AS. weddung.] Nuptial cemmony : |
Wtdf e (wSJ), n. [AS. wecg.j Piece of hard material,
thick at one end, and tapertng to a thin edge
at the other, used in splittinfr, etc., — one of
the aix elementary machines call^Hl mechanical
pawerg. «• v. /. 1. To cleave with a wedge ; to
rire. 2. To force by crowding and pushing aa
a wedge does ; to press closely ; to fix like a
wedge driren into something. 3. To fasten tcLim
with wedges. ^tag^
WtdlOOk (w8Jn5k), ti. [AS. tpcdlac betrothal ; wedd
pledge -f- lac gift, offering. ] Ceremony, or state, of mar-
riage; matrimony.
87n* — See Marbiaob.
Wadnra'dty (wfinz'dt; 2), n. [OE. tredneadai^ wodnet-
dei^ AS. WOdne* dteg^ Woden's day (translation of L. die*
Mercurii) ; fr. Wdilen the highest Teutonic god.] The
fourth day of tlie week ; day after Tuesday.
Wot (w8), a. Very small ; little. {Colloq. & Scot.}
WeaA (w8d), n. [AS. u?Sde, wMd.] 1. A garment ;
clothing. 2. Mourning garment or Iwdge.
Waod, n. [AS. weddA 1. An unsightly or injurious
pbmt. 2. An animal unfit to breed from. 3. Tobacco,
or a dgar. [Slang] ^v, t, 1. To free from noxious
plants. 2. To remore (something hurtful) ; to extirpate.
• WeaA'y, a. 1. Pert, to, or consisting of, weeds. 2.
Abounding with weeds. 3. Scraggy ; ungainly. [CoZ/oo.]
WMk ( w8k% n. [ AS. weocu^ ttucu ; akin to O. irocA^,
IceL rika, prob. orig. meaning, change, and akin to L.
material,
vMsaltematton.] A period of seren days, usually reck-
oned from one Sabbath or Sunday to the next.
Wssk daj, any day of the week except Sunday.
Weekly (w6k'iy), a. 1. Pert, to a week, or week
days. 2. Done once a week ; hebdomadary . — n. A pub-
lication issued once a week. •* adv. Once a week.
Ween (win), r. t. [AS. wemm, fr. wen hope, opinion.]
To think ; to fancy. [Obs. or Poetic']
Weep (w«p), V. i, [imp, A p, p. Wkpt (wSpt) ; p. pr.
& vb. n. Wbbpimo.] [AS. trepan, fr. wiyp lameuUtion.]
1. To show grief, etc. , by shedding tears ; to cry. 2. To
lament. 3. To flow iu dnms ; to drip. 4. To droop ; —
said of a plant. — r. t, 1. To lament 2. To shed (tears).
Weep^lC, n. The shedding of tears ; lamentation with
tears.— oTj.. Grieving ; shedding tears. 2. DUcharging
liquid in drops ; surcharged with water. 3. Having slen-
der, pendent branches ; — said of trees.
Wseplag wUlow. a wil-
low whose branches
f^row very long and
slender, snd hang down
almost perpendicularly.
Wee^m (wj/v'i), n.
[AS. wi/el.'] A snout
beetle, many species of
which are very injuri-
ous to cultirated plants.
Weft(w»ft),n. (as.;
fr. ifr/antoweave.J 1.
Woof of cloth ; threads
that cross the m-arp
from selrage to selrsge ;
thread carried by the
almttle in weaving. 2.
A web : thing woven.
Wellh (wa), r. /.
Weeping Willow.
[AS. wegan to bear, move ; akin to D. wegen to wei^,
L. veUereto carry.] 1. To raise; to swing up. 2. To
examhie by the balance ; to ascertain the weight of. 3.
To equal in weight ; to counterbalance. 4. To examine
as if by the balance ; to ponder ; to estimate deliberately.
— r. t. 1. To be heary. 2. To be considered important.
3. To bear hesrily. — Welgll'er, n.
Welffht (wit), n. [AS. gerrtA/.] 1. The being heary ;
effect of graritative force, esp. when expressed in certain
units or standards, as pounds, grams, etc. 2. Quantity
of heariness ; quantity of matter as expressed numeric-
ally with reference to some standard unit. 3. Pressure ;
burden. 4. Importance; influence; efficacy. 6. A
scale, or standard, of heariness ; mode of estimating
weight. 6. A ponderous mass ; something heary. ?• A
definite mass, used to ascertain the weight of other bodies.
— r. /. To losd with weights ; to make heary.
Welghfy (-y), a. 1. Haring weight; hec"y; pon-
derous. 2. Adapted to convince ; important. — Welgllt'-
i-ly , adP. — Welghtl-neM, n.
Syn. — Heary ; ponderous ; burdensome • onerous ;
forcible; momentoos; efficacious; impressire; cogent.
Wctr (wSr), Wear, n. [AS. trer; akm to weriau to
defend.] 1. Dam in a river to stop the water, for
conducting it to a mill, forming a pond, etc 8. Fence
set in a stream, tideway, etc, for taking fish.
Weird (w8rd), a. [AS. wyrd fortune, one of the
Fates, fr. weorSan to be, to become.] 1. Pert, to fate
or destiny. 2. Pert, to witchcraft ; supernatural ; wild.
Wel'OOme (wSlOcBm), a. [AS. icilcumn a welcome
guest, fr. trt/-, as a prefix, akin to trt//a will + cnma a
comer, fr. caiman to come.] 1. Received with gladness ;
admitted willingly. 2. Producing gladness. 3. Free to
I enjoy gratuitously.*— n. 1. Salutation to a newcomer.
I 2. Kind leception of a guest. — r. /. To salute and en-
tertain hospiubly. — Wel'oom-er, n.
Weld (wSld), n. [OE. weidtJ] 1. An herb related
I to mignonette, used to dye yellow ; — called also dyer'**
I broom ; dyer** rocket. 2, l>ye extracted from this plant.
f?m, recent, 6rb, r^de, fyll, ftm, food, fdbt, opt, oil, chair, ^o, siny, i||k, then, thin.
WELD
632
WHEEDLE
Wtfd (wHd), 9. L [Prob. orig. Mune word m well to
qiriugupigaab.] 1. To preaa or beat (heated iron or pUt-
iuuiDi alw bom or tortoise shell) into pemument naioo.
8. To unite intimately. — n. A being welded ; Joint made
irtirfan' (wwftr'), «. iweu -^ i V 5
€ to go.] Well-doing or weU-be- / I S
.^.^ . ^
. An iMue ^^ 1
; apring;; ^f J
>the earth ( ^^^^ '
by
fart
l^aS^ (-Ictu;, iir [AS. voUen,
pL wolcntL, clouo.] Visible regions
of the air ; raolt of bearen ; sky.
Wtll (wSl). n. [AS. wtUa, it.
veallan to well up, boil ; akin to D.
wel spring or fountain.] 1. An iseue
of water from the earth; sp '
fountain. 2. Hole sunk into the ^
J®."^? ' ".!EP*^ *** '^*^'' ? 'S ***** Mode/of Wrldlng.
tain oil or Imue. — v. <. To flow ; o Butt Wrid or
to pour out. Jump W«ld i 6
Wall, a<fr. [Com/Hir. and tuperl, ^«r? W . l d ; c
wauUngf supidied by bttler and best^ ^ ^'^°'
fr. anotlier root.] [AS. ; akin to OS. & D. trW, 0. troA/,
IceL & Dan. ««// orig. meaning, according to oue*s wilL
See Will.! 1. In a good or proper manner ; justly ;
rightly, a. Suitably ; fully ; thoroughly ; satisfactorily ;
conveniently. 3. Cfonsiderably ; not a little; far.«»a.
1. Good in condition or circumstances ; desirable ; for>
tunate; happy. 2. Bound; healthy.
WiOl'-to^'llIC (w8Kb«/Tng), n. A being well ; wel-
fare; happiness; prosperity.
Wtll'-DOfB' (-bdmOt a. Bom of a noble or respect-
aMe family ; not of mean birth. [fined ; polite. I
Wtll'-tetd' (-briMO, n. Having good breeding ; re-
W«U'-fa'TOrad (fi'vSrd), a. Himdsome.
WtlllMAd' (-hSdO, n. Asource, spring, or fountain.
Well'-nlf h' (-niOt adv. Almost ; nearly.
W«ll'HipolMI C'SpS'k'n), a. Speaking with fitness,
grace, or propriety. [source of continual supply. I
WCU'sprmf (-sprTnK'), n. A fountain; spriuK;!
Wtll'Wllll^flr (• wTsh^r), n. One who wishes auoUier
well ; one benevolently inclined.
We *11 (w»l). Contr. for we will or we shall.
Welsh (wSlsh), a. [AS. wmlisc, fr. wealh a stranger,
foreigner, not of S%xon origin, a Welshman, Celt, Oael ;
fr. the name of a Celtic tribe. See Walxut.] Pert, to
Wales, or its inhabitants. — m. 1. The Unguage of the
Welsh people. 2. pi. The natives of Wales ; Cymry.
[Sometimes written Weleh."]
Welsh rabUt. fCormp. fr. Welsh rare M.] Cheese
melted and spread on toasted bread.
WeUlk'nuUl, n. An inhabitant of Wales.
Welt (wWt), n. [Prob. fr. W. gwald welt, mtaldu to
bmn.] A border; edginff.«»v. /. To furnish with a
welt ; to fasten a welt on (a boot, shoe, sleeve, etc.).
Welder (wSI't^r), r. t. [Freq. of OE. walten to roll
over, AS. trea/ton.] 1. To roll ; to tumble about, esp.
fai anything foul ; to wallow. 2. To rise and fall, as
waves. — n. 1. That in which one wallows ; filth ; mire.
8. A rising and fallintr of waveM, etc. [tumor. |
Weil(wfin), ». [AS. trmn.] An indolent, encysted I
Wenon (wCnch), n. [AS. trenele a maid, daughter.]
1. A yonng woman ; girl ; maiden. 2. A virious younit
woman ; drab ; strumpet. 3. A negress. [U. 5.]— r. i.
To frequent the company of lewd women.— Wenon'er, n.
Wend ( w8nd ), r. 1. [AS. vendan to turn, to i;o, cans.
of windftn to wind. S^^ Wind to turn, and Wtirr.] To
go ; to betnke one^s self. --r. /. To direct ; to betake.
Went (w8nt), imp. St p. p. of Wbmd ; — obs. except as
imp, of gOt with whicli it has no etymological connection.
Wept (w»pt), imp. Ap.p.ot Wesp.
Were (w8r). [Art. wire (thou) wast, w9ron (we, yon,
they) were, tr/Pr* Imp. nubj. See Was.] The iniperfert
indir. pi., nnd imperfect siibj. sing, and pi., of be. See Be.
Wertt (wirst), n. A verst.
Wett(wirt). 2d person aing., tndic end ml^.
imp, tense, of the verb be. It Is f<mned from were.
West (we^\ n. [AS ; akin to D. /fr O. «re«l, and to
L. vejper erening. Cf. Vnns.] 1. Point in the beerena
wliere the sun sets ; point opposite to east. 8. A region
situated toward tbe west --a. Lying toward the weak ;
proceeding toward, or coming from, the weat.«»atfr.
Westward. — r. ». To turn or move toward the wesL
Weefer-lBC (-^-Ing), a. Passing to the west.
West'er-ly, a. Pert, to the west ; toward the wee* ;
coming from the west ; western. — odr. Westward.
Weefeni (-2m), a. l. Pert, to the west; situated
in, or toward, the west. 2. Moving toward the West ;
coming from the west.
West' iB'dim (TnMT'Aor Tnd'yA). 1 Pert, to the
West' lB'di-«n (Tn'dT-on or \n^fyan), \ West Indiea.
West' iB'dl-en. Dweller in the West Indies.
Westward (-itSrd), \adv. [ AS. tre^treonf.] To-
Wesfwaids (-« Sniz), } ward the west.
Westward, a. Lying toward the west.— it. Wcatcm
regions or countries ; the west.
Weet^ard-ly, adv. in a westward direction.
Wet (wit), a. [AS. wm ; ak in to R. water.^ 1. Con-
taining water or other liquid ; midst ; aoeked. 2. Very
damp; rainv.^n. 1. Water or moisture. 2. Rainy,
foggy, or misty weather. ■» r. /. To moisten ; to tpriu>
kle ; to dip or soak in a liouid. — WefBees, n.
Wst aarss, nurse who sucales another woman's child.
Sjrn. — Kasty ; humid ; damp ; moist. See Naitt.
Weth'er (wltfa'^r), n. [as. weSer ; akin to L. rite-
lus calf, L. xetus old.] A castrated ram.
Wlieck (bwlk), r. U A <. [Cf. Thwack.] To strike
with a smart blow. -vn. A resoimding blow. [Cotfo^.]
Whale (hwil),r./. [Gf.WALft.] To thrash; to drub.
Wliale, n. [AS. hwKl ; akin to O. wo/, Dan. A Sw.
AtMx/, Ara/fisk.] The largest mammal inhabiting tlie
ocean, hunted chiefly for iU oil and baleen, or wbalebona.
WltaleHMme' (bwSl'bSn'), n. Aflrm,ela«tiosnbstanoa
from the upper jaw of the right whale.
Whale'inaB v-m<zn), n. Man employed in the whale
fishery. [flsbenr. I
Wnal'er, n. Vessel or man employed In the whije|
WliaiUf (hwlns), r. <. To beat. [Cof/o^.]
Wliap(hw5p), Whop, r. i. [OK. quappen to palpi-
tate.] To throw oue*s self quickly ; to turn snddenly. ^
r. /. To strike. — n. A smart stroke.
Wliap'per, WhOp'per, n. Something uncoounonly
large of the kind ; a bold lie. [Colloq.']
Wliarf (hwarf), n. ; pi. Wbabts (hufirfs) or Wbabtm
(hwf^vi). [AS. hwer/t hwearf^ returning, change, fr.
hweorjan to turn, go about.] Platform on the shore of
a harbor, river, etc., to land goods at ; quay ; pier.
Wkarface (-tj ; 2), n. 1. Fee paid for usbig a wharf.
2. Wharfs, collectirely. [charge of a wharf . I
Wliarf'tal-9er(-Tn-Jer),n. [Yorwhorjager.'\ One in 1
Wliat (hw5t ),pr<m., o., & adv. [AS. A«rc/, neuUr of
Atrd who. See Who.] 1. That which ; how great. 2.
Whatever; whatsoever; what thing soever. 3. Used
adverbially, in part ; partly ; somewhat.
Wliat-eT'er (•SVSr). pron. Anything aoever which ;
beinir this or that : anything that may be ; all that.
Wliat'nOt (Iiw5t'n6t), n. Piece of furniture, having
shelves for books, ornaments, etc. ; ^tsgire.
Wbarae-er'er (-s^-«v'8r), pron. & a. Whatever.
WlMal (hwfil), n. [AS. hwele putrefaction, kwelian
to putrefy.] A purtule ; whelk.
Wheal, n. 1. Mark raised by a stroke : vreal ; waki
2. Burning or itching eminence on the skin.
Wheat (hw5t), n. [AS. hwSte: akin to E. while.']
A cereal grass an'1 its grain, wl.ich fumishea a white
tloiir for bread. — Wheat'en, a. t
Whee'dle (hwS'd'l), r.i.&i, [Cf. O. Wfdeln to w«ff
with the tail, as a dog, wedel fan, taU.] 1. To cnjoto } to
coax. 2. To gain by flattery.
a, i, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, «, 1, 6, tt, t« ^hort ; snAte, «vent, tdea, ftbey, finite, oftre, iUm, &ak, ||U, fined.
WHEEL
633
WHIM
i (hwO), n. [AB. htcedl; akin to Or. icvkAik.
Cf. Ctclb.] 1. A circular frame turning about an axis,
lued for Bupportiug vehicles^ in machinery, etc. 2. In-
atrumeDt ' formed like, or chiefly coiiahftiug of, a wheel,
(a) A spiiming wheel. (6) Old instrument of torture, (c)
A circular frame haring handlea on the periphery, aud an
axle so oouneoted with a ahip^a tiller as to control the
mdder in steering, (d) A wooden disk, rerolving bori-
lootally, on which a potter shapes his clay, (e) A fire-
work which rerolves by action of the escaping gases.
3. A bicycle or tricycle ; velocipede. 4. A turn ; rota-
tion ; compass. — r. /. A <. To move in wheels ; to turn
(n* revolve ; to roll.
WllMiaNUr'roir (hwSl'bXr'r^), n. A Ught vehicle hav-
ing two handles and one wheel, and rolled by one person.
WluelluniSt' (•houa'), n. (a) Small house on a ves-
sel's deck, containing the steering wheeL (6) Structure
covering a steamer's paddle wheel.
WllMllaf (hwCirfng), n. 1. A conveying anything,
or traveling, on wheels, or in a wheeled veliicle. 2. The
using a cycle; cycling. 3. Condition of roads which
admita of paaaing on wheels. 4. A turning, or circular
movement. [wheels and wheeled vehicles. I
WllMl'Wilcllt' (•rit')* n. One who makes or rep.iirs |
WkMM (h w8z), V. i. [AS. hwUan ; hwMa a cough. ]
To breathe hard, as one affected with asthma. — n.
Piping sound from difficult respiration. — WlMtl'f « a.
WlMlk (hwSlk), n. tAS. tceoloe.] A large marine
gastropod much used aa food in Europe.
WiMlkt «i. [8e« Whbal pustule.] L A pustule;
aoiie. 2. A stripe or mark ; ridge ; wale.
WMm(hw81in),r.f. [AS. atrA,v//an.] To overwhelm.
wllilp (hwSlp), N. [AS. Atre/p.] 1. Young of a dog
or beast of prey ; puppy ; a cub. 2. A child ; youtti.
3- Longitudinal ridge on barrel of capstan. -^r. i. & t.
*to bring forth (voung, cubs, etc.).
WJien (hwSu), adv. [AS. hwxnne ; akin to OS. Airan,
Q. wann when, aud £. voho.'X 1. At what time ; — used
interrogatively. 2. At, during, or after the time that ;
just after; — used relatively. 3. While; whereas; al-
tboiurh. 4 Which time ; thnn.
Wmbm (hwens), adv, [OE. trVnnef, xehen* (with
adv. «, prop, senitive ending, AS. hwanan. See Whbm.]
From what place, origin, antecedent, etc. ; how.
WlianiM'SO-«T'«r (-s^-Sv'Sr), adv. & conj. From
what place, cause, or source, soever.
Whm-^irm (hw«n-»v'2r), Wheii-a'er' (-if or -irO,
adv. & eonj. At whatever time.
When (hwfir), adv. [AS. hwMr; akin to E. tcho.']
1. At or in what place, situation, circumstances, etc.
2. At the place, case, or instance in which. 3. To
wbicli place or issue ; whither. — conj. Whereas.
Wliart'l-bont' (-A-bouf ), )a«/r. 1. About where;
WhWA-boat^ (-A-bouUO. ( near what place. 2.
Oonoeriiing which ; about which. — n. Phice where a
person or thing is.
When-M' (hwfkr-Sz'), conj. L ConHidering that;
since ; — introducing a preamble. 2. When in fat^t ;
while on the contrary; the case being in truth that;
although; — implying opposition. [2. At what? I
Whtre-At' (if), ndv. 1. At which ; unon which. |
WhMf-hJ* C-bi'), adv. 1. By wliich. 2. By what ;
how ? [rpason ; ho ; why ? I
Whar^lort (hwtr'fSr), ndv. & eonj. For wliich |
WlMTt-llI' (hwftr-TnO, atlv. 1. In wliich ; In which
pl«c«, thing, time, re8p<»rt, etc. 2. In what ?
WhafUk-W (hwftr'Tn-t5o'), adr. X. Into which.
2. Into what? [whom. 2. Of what? I
Whtrt-Of' (hwtr-5(' or -5v'), fdv. 1. Of which ; of |
Where-OO' (-»n'), ndv. l. On which. 2. On what ?
Whtsfwo-^ra {-9v^t), WlMT^'io-e'ar' (-ar' or -fir'),
adv. In what place soever ; wherever.
Wh&n-W (-to5'), Wlltre'llll-tO' (-fin-too'), adv.
1. To which. 2. To what ? to what end ?
WItn'ap-OB' (Im fir'fip-5u0, adv. Upon whieh ; «ft«r
wliich.
Wll«r-«T'«r (-Sv'Sr), adv. At or in whatever place.
Wltera-Wltll' (-witli' or -wTthOt udv. 1. With which.
2. With what ? — n. Necessary means or instrument.
. Wlun^wltll-al' (-wlth-ftlOt odv. & n. Wherewith.
Wll«r'ry(hw«r'ry),n. [ui. Icel. Am/rshilty.] Lung,
narrow boat for fast rowiuft or sailing.
WlMt (hwSt), V. t. [AS. hwettan; akin to hwtet viff>
oroua, brave.] 1. To rub and sharpen (an edge tool).
2. To make eager ; to stimulate. — n. 1. A whetting.
! 3. That which wliets or sharpens ; an appetiser.
Whetll'tf (hwStfa'Sr), pron. [AS. hwmSer; akin to
t G. tceder^ conj., neither, L. ti/«r. Or. «c6r«pof , «ir«po« ;
f r. tlie interrogative pronoun, in AS. hxca who.] Which
(of two).— ronj. In case; if; — used to introduce the
first of two or more alternative clauses, the other or
others being connected by or, or or whether.
W]l«t'8t0ll*' (liwSf stdu^), n. [AS. Au<e<«/dn.] Apiece
of stone for wlietting, or sharpening, edge tools.
WhtW (hwu), n. & interj. A sound like a half-formed
whistle, expressing atitonisliment, %corn, or dislike.
WlMy(hwi), n. [AS. Aire^.l Serum, or watery part,
of milk, separated from the curd or coagulable part, esp.
in making cheese. — WhtJ^cy (-j^), WlMytSh, a.
Which (hwTch), pron. [AS. Atrt/c, fr. root of hwH
who -I- tic body ; hence, of what sort or kind ; akin to L.
oua/M.] 1. An interrogative pronoun, — who ? what one ?
2. Relative pronoun, used in all numbers and genders,
for all objects except persons. 3. A compound relative
or indefinite pronoun, standing for any one which,
whichever^ that which^ those which, the . . which, etc.
Whioh-«T'9r (-SVSr), )pron.&a. Whether one
Whioh^tO-ev'or (•sd-<v'Sr), I or another ; whether
one or the other ; tliat one (of two or more) which.
Whld'ah bird' (hwTd'4 bSrd'). A
finchlike bird of Asia and Africa, the
male of which has very long, drooping
tail feathers. Called also vida Anch.
whidah ^nch, whydah Mrd, whydah
finchy wtdow birdy and widow finch.
WhitI (hwTl ), n. [Prob. imitaUve.]
A sudden expulsion of air from the j
mouth; puff; slight gust.— v. t. & i.
1. To throw out ih whiffs. 2. To puft ^
or blow. i
Whll'lle (hwTf'H), V. i. [Freg. of I
trAi/f, perh. influenced by D. weijelen I
to waver.] To waver, or shake ; to ^
shift or veer about; to Xn- flfklf^. — (
Whtf'fler, n. rtrri}.!
Whlflle-tr»e'(-tr5'),n. w iij-l
Whl3(hwTg), n. [Sco( i> /. /pa-
more.'] One of a political par t; tn Kiig- \
land, also in America, orig. I'l'-ril <Dd
proirre»»«i ve. — a. Pert, to 1 1 1 . \'i' ] b i .ra.
While (hwil), fi. [AS. huii, .kin
to OHG. Auii, Ice). hrUn a bed, hvtid P«rsdi«« Whidah
rest, and prob. to L. qnietu* quiet.] 5^!ir mTi/^'^
Space of time, esp. when short; a ^'*"'" *"*•••
time. — r. /. To pass (time) away. --^ conj. 1. During
the time that ; as long as ; whilsi 2. In which Caae ;
whereas; though.
Whilom (hwilfim), adr. [AS. Atri/ttm, prop., at
times, dative pi. of Arri/.] Formerly ; once ; of old ; ere-
whil« ; at times. [Ohx. or Pontic']
WhUst (hwn«t), adv. While. [Archaic'\
Whim (hwTm). n. [Cf. Icel. hvima to wander with
the eyes, vim giddiness.] Sudden tunrof mind ; humor.
, Syii. — Whim ; Freak : CAt>RirB : whiroaey : fancv. —
' Fr^ak denotes an impnlMive, iifonsiderate change of mind,
I AM by a child or a lunatic. Whim is a mental eccentricity
I due to i>oru]iar habits of thought. Caprice is allied to
1 freak, but implies more willfulness or wantonness.
fCra, recent, Arb, r^de, f ^, Qm, food, ftfbt, oat, oil, oliair, (o, ains, iQk, then, thin.
WHIMPER
634
WHITLEATHER
WhSm^Wtt (hwTm'pSr), v, i. [Cf. Scot, tckimmer^ O.
wimmemT] To cry with % low, whiuiuff, broken voice ;
to whiue. ^n. A low, brokeu cry ; whiuiiig soond, ex-
preMire of grief. — Wlllm'Ptr-6r, n.
Whllll'My ( {r^f)> *>• / fi- Wbimsbtb (-zTz) or Wimi-
" ] 8iw(-xTx).
W]lllll'ill-€al(-sl-kal),a.
A wtiiin ; freak.
, 1. Full of whims ; queer ;
freakish. 2. Odd in appearance ; fautaetic. — Wllim'll-
oal-ly, adv. — Whlm'tt-oal-iMM, Whliii^il-call-ty, n.
8yn. — Quaint ; capricioua ; fanciful ; fantastic.
Wldn (hwTu), n. [W. cAiryn weed*.] Oorte; furte.
Wldll* (hwin), r. «'. [AS. huHnan to make a whistling
sound ; perh. imitatire. Cf. Wminnr.l To utter a plain-
tive cry, as some animals ; to complain meanly. — n.
Plaintive, nasal tone of mean complaint. — Wllln'cr, n.
Wllllt'kiy (hwT»'nj^)i r. i. To utter the call or ciy of
a horse ; to neigh. — n. A neigh. [basaltic rocks. I
WUn'StOlM' (-i»t9u0, n . Provincial £iglish name for |
Wllip (bwTp), r. /. fOE. fffhippen to overlay (a cord)
with other cords.] 1. To strike with a lasb, cord, rod,
etc. ; to beat. 2. To drive with lashes. 3. To flog ; to
beat. 4. To thrash ; to beat out (grain) by striking. 6.
To beat (eggs, cream, etc.) into froth. 6. To defeat ; to
beat ; to surpass. [Slang^ U. 5.] 7. To overlay (a cord,
rope, etc.) with oth^r cords ; to overcast (the edge of a
seam); to wn^). f:. To sew lightly. 9. To Jerk; to
snatch; — with into^ out^ upy off^ etc.— r. i. To start
suddenly and do something ; to whisk, —n. 1. Instru-
ment for driving animals, or for correction. 2. A coach-
man ; driver. 3. (a) Small tackle with a single rope.
(6) A ship's long pennant. — Wblp'pM', n.
Wlllp'graft' (-grAftO, r. I. To gralt by fitting the
scion and stock. See Ulutt. under OsAimio.
Whip'ter-lll' (-p2r*TiiO» n. 1. Huutsnum who keeps
hounds from wandering. 2. One who enforces party
dlsc^line.
WmplMr-fllUP'pcr (-snKp'pSr), n. A diminutive, in-
sigidflcaut. or presumptuous person. [C0//09.]
Wbip^pmC a, & n. f r. Whip, r.
Wklpplag po^ a post to which offenders are tied, to be
Wblp'^to-tne' (-pl^rT), n. Bar to which the traces
of a harness are fastened, for drawhig a carriage, plow,
etc.: whiflSetree; swinirletree.
Wblp'-poor-'Wai' (-p«6r-wTl'}, n. American bird
allied to the goatsucker ; — named from its note.
Whip^UW (-sft"), n. Framed saw for dividing tim-
ber lengthwise, usually worked by two persons.
Whip'StOCk' (-Rt5k0, n. Handle of a whip.
WhlTt (hwTpt), imp. A p. p. of Whip. Whipped.
Wklr (hw5r), p. i. [Prob. imitative.] To whirl round
with a buuinir ^ound ; to whir. — n. Whizzing sound.
Wblll (hw8rl), r. /. & i. [Cf. Icel. hmrfla, freq. of
hrerfa to turn. 1 To turn rapidly ; to gyrate. — n . Rapid
rotation ; quick or confuning motion. — W1llll'cr« n.
Wldrll-glK (hwSrlT-gTf;), n. 1. A child's toy, whirled
like a wheelor top. 2. A beetle living mostly on the
surface of water, and gyrating very rapidly.
Wldll'pool' (•pJSSlOt n. Vortex of water ; place where
water moves round in a circle so as to produce a central
cavity into which floating objects may be drawn.
Wklrl'wlsd' (-wTndOt t*' Violent windstorm, or tor-
nado, having an inward npirsl motion : cyclone.
Wlllsk (hwTsk), n. [Prob. for ttixk, and of Scand.
origin.] 1. A rapid, sweeping motion, as of something
light. 2. Small bunch of erass, ^traw, twigs, hair, etc.,
used for a brush. — v. /. & f. 1. To sweep or brush with
a light, rapid motion. 2. To move nimbly.
Wllllk'sr, n. 1. One that whisks, or moves with a
quick, sweeping motion. 2. pi. Beard upon tlie sides of
thoface. 3. Chie of the long, projecting hairs at the sides
of the month of a cat, etc. — Wlllik'«r-«d, a.
Wlda^ky \ (hwlsniy), «. [Ir. or Gael, uixpe water
Wllls'key ( in uUgtbeatha whiskey, properly, water
of life. Cf. UsQiTSBAVOH.] Intoxicating Uqnor dlrtilkid
from grain, potatoes, etc.
Wma'par (hwli/pSr), v. i. [AS. hwUprUm ; imita-
tive. Cf. Whutu.] 1. To speak softly, or under the
breath. 2. To speak with suspicion, or timorous cau-
tion ; to plot. — r. /. To sav under the breath ; to meo-
tion privately, ^n. 1. A low, soft, sibilant Tcdce or
utterance ; voice or utterance that employs only breath
sound without tone. 2. Cautious or timorous speech.
3. Suggestion; insinuation. — Wllia'Mr-flr, n.
Wlll»t(hwl8t),<n/«;/. iCt.G.Mt/Mt!lM! Cf. Hnr.]
Be silent ; husli. •» n. A four-handed game at carda,
requiring dlence and close attention, ^o. Silent ; ttiU.
Wllla^ (hwTs'*!}, V, i. [AS. hwittlian ; akin to loel.
hrUla to whisper. See Wrispbr.] I. To make a musical
sound by forcing breath through the contracted lipa, or
from the beak of a bird. 2. To makeashriUaoaiM] with
a wind or steam instrument ; to blow a sharp, ahrill tone.
3. To sound shrill, ^r. /. 1. To otter (a tuna or air) by
whistling. 2. To signal by a whistle. — n. 1. A sharp,
shrill, more or less musical sound, made by forcing breath
through the contracted lips or an instrument giving a
similar sound ; slirill note of a bird. 2. Sound made by
wind passing among trees or through crevices, or by a
bullet, etc., passing n^dly through the air; ahrill noiae
of stesm or gas escaping through a smsU orifice, or
impinging agamst the edge of a metallic belL 3. Instru-
ment prc^ucing such a sound. — Wllll^llcr (-12r), n.
Wmt (hwTt), fi. [OS. & AS. trtA/ a creature, thing-l
Tlie smaUest part or particle imaginable ; bit ; Jot ; iota.
Wldte (li«It), a. [Ad. hWU; akin to 0. veis*.'\ I.
ReflecUng to the eye all the ravs of the spectrum com-
bined ; not tinted with any of the proper colors ; having
the color of pure snow ; — opp. of blaek or tfark. 2. Pale ;
pallid. 3. Free from spot, guilt, or pollution ; innocent ;
pure. 4. Oray, as from age ; hoary. — it. 1. Color of
pure snow ; oi^Msite of black ; whiteness. £. Something
white, or nearly so. 3. One having a white skin ; member
of the white, or Caucasian, races of men. 4. A white
pigment. — v, t. To whiten. — Wllltt'llMS, ft.
whits lead, (a) A carbonate of lead much used in paint-
ing, and for other purposes ; ceruse. (6) Native lead
carbonate. — Whits sqaalL a sudden gust of wind, marked
in its approach by white, broken waier, on the surface of
Wlltt«Ob«St' (h wltOtit/), n. The younc of the herring,
esteemed as a delicacy. [ly ; dastardly. |
Wbltt'-liT'and (•ITv'Srd), a. Looking pale ; coward- 1
Wklf Ml (hwft'*n), r. i. & I. To grow or make white
or whiter ; to bleach ; to blanch ; to whitewash.
Wlltte'smltll' (-smTthO« "• 1. One who works in
white iron; tinsmith. 2. Worker in iron who finishes
or polishes the work.
Whtto'waflll' (-w5eh'), n. Liquid composition for
whitening something, esp. walls, ceHings, etc. ^r. L
1. To wmten with whitewash. 2. To give a fair external
aj^Marance to ; to clear (a bankrupt of debts an offender
of crimes charged* etc.). — Wlltte'waik^tr, ti.
Wllltll'er (hwTth'Jr), adv. [Aa AifW«?r.] 1. To
what place; — used interrogatively. 2. To what or
which place ; — relatively. 3. To what point, degree,
end, conclnidon, or design : wherennto ; whereto.
Srn. - Whtthbe ; WmtRt. - lf»rtAer properly implies
motion to a place, and wher^, rest in a place. Whit her is
now obsolete, except in poetry , or to serious oompodttoo.
W1lit]l'«r-»Q-ev'«r (•st-^v'Sr), adv. To whatever
place ; wheresoever.
Wblftaur (hwitTng), n. [From Wnm,! 1. 8m*U
marine food flsh of several species. 2. ChaUc prepared
in an impalpable powder, used as a pigment, aa an in-
gredient in putty, for cleantog silver, etc
WhitfUOL^a. Somewhat white. — Wldl
Wldtaeatll'OT (hwTtneth'Sr), tt. [ WMte + Itathfr.l
Leather dressed or tawed with alum, salt, etc., remark-
able for iU pliability and toughness ; white leather.
i^ e, 1, R, 11, long ; H, «, ¥, »,tt,^, short; senftte, «vent, td«s 6bey, ttnite, cAre, iirm, Ask, nU, AmiL
WHITLOW
635
WIDOWER
WldtlOW (hwTtn^), n. [Prov. E. whieiflaWt for quick-
Jlawt i. 6., a aore at the quick.] A •uppuntiug iullaiu-
mAtioo of the fingers or toee.
Wllif son (-•tUi), a. Pert io Whitsuntide.
WilltfSIIII-dJlT (hwlt^s'n-dt or bwTt/«&u'dt>, %. The
7th Sunday, and fiOth day, after Easter ; festival com-
memorating the descent of the Holy Spirit on tlie day
of Pentecost; Pentecost ; — because, in the primitive
eharch, those newly baptized appeared between Easter
and Pentecost in wliite garments.
WJdt'ran-tldO' (hwTtVn-tidO, »• Week commencing
with Whitsunday, esp. the first three davs — Whitsun-
day, Whitsun Monday, and WhiUun Tuesday.
Willt'tle (hwTf t*l), fi. [0£. tAwitel, fr. AS. pteUan
to cut.] A knife. — v. <. & i. To cut with a kuite.
WJds (hwTz), V. i. [Imitative.] To make a sound,
like an arrow or ball flying through the air.— ii. A
hissing and humming sound. [Written also tcAtiz.1
WlU> (h55), oron. IPosseu. Whosb (hS&z); ofy'ect.
Whom (ho5m).j [AS. hwi^ iuterrogative pron., ueut.
hwmt; akin to D. trir, neut. uni/, G. tper, neut. trcM, L.
fftforf, neuter of qui^ Or. vortooi whether. Gf. How,
QnAHTrnr, QtTOBVM, Quote, Ubuiuitt, What, Whb»,
Whbbb, WRSTBB&, WHICH, WHOM, Wht.] What or which
person or persons.
WIlOa (hwS), interf. Stop ; stand ; hold, [one who.
WAO-eT'«r (hd5-Sv'8r), pron. Whatever person ; any!
WllOto (hSl), a. [AS. hai well, sound, healthy..
1. Containing the tot^ amount, number, etc. ; free
from deficiency ; all ; entire. 2. Complete ; uninjured ;
integral. 3. Baing In a state of health ; sound ; well.
Whols Bots, the musicid note representing a tone of long-
eat dutAtion in qommon use ;
a semibreve. — Whole aamber,
a number not a fraction or
mixed number : an integer.
Syn. — Wholb ; Total ; C/ Whole Note*.
BimBB-. Coxplbtb; all: in-
tegr il ; undiviled ; uninjured : unimpaired ; unbroken :
healthy. — l^hole refers to a thing as mide up of parts^
none oi which are wanting ; total, to all as taken together,
and forming a single totmity. Entire has no referen .*e to
parts at ail, but reguds tha thing as an intejer, i. r., con-
tinuous or unbroken. Complete implies a flllinj out to
some end or object, or a perfected state with no defl j>iency.
^ A. 1. The entire thing ; all of a thing, without defect
or exception. 2. A regular combination of parts ; system.
— WIlOto^MS, n.
Syn. — Totality : total ; amount ; aggregate : gross.
W Alda'salt' (hol'aiO, n. Sile of goods in large quui-
tity, as disting. fr. retail. •» a. 1. Pert, to, or engaged
in, trade in large quantity; selliug to retailers rather
than to consumers. 2. Extensive \tid Indiscriminate.
Wholt'tonM (-sfim), a. [ Wtiote -f $ome ; cf. Icel. Aei7-
mrnr."} 1. Tending to promote health ; salubrious ; sal-
utary. 2. F.ivorable to morals, r>U){ion, or prosperity;
•oun 1.— WJiolt'some-ly, adv.— Wliola'some-iieM, ».
WJlOlly (bSIIj^), adv. 1. In a wliole or complete
manner; entirsly. 2. Exclusively; totally; fully.
WJlO]ll(h5&m), pron. [AS. dative AtrSm, AtoSm. See
Who.] Objective case of itAo. {*oerfr.\
W lOm'IO-aTT'er (-sd-«v'8r), pron. Objective of who- 1
Whoop (bS&p), V. i, [OE. koupm. See Hoop, r. i.)
1. To utter a loud cry of eag^rpess, enthusiasm, etc. ; to
shont ; to halloo ; to hoot. 2. To cough with a sonorous
inspiration. — r. /. To insult with shouts.— n. 1. A
shout of pursuit or of war ; cry of eagemesn, vengeance,
terror, etc. ; hoot, or cry, as of an owl. 2. Loud, pro>
longed, sonorous inspiration, ns in whoopinir coufrh.
Whoeptag eoBf h, a violent, convulsive couRh. consiiiting
of several expirations, followed by a sonorous inspiration,
or whoop ; chin cough ; hooping cough.
Whom (hSr), n. [AS. hire ; hOr adultery ; prob. akin
to L. enrti* dear.] A woman who prostitutes her body
for hire : harlot ; courtesan ; strumpet. — r. i. To prac-
tice lewdness. — Wlloro'dOIII (-dOm), n.
WhOll (hwfirl or hw8r]), %. [A8. hwtorja whirl of b
si^ndle, kiceorjan to turn.
See Whibl.] 1. A circle of
two or more leaves, flowers, i
ot other organs, about the
same Joint of a stem. 2. A
turn of the roire of a uni-
valve shell. 3. The fly of b
spindle. — WhOdtd, a,
WlMTtlo-borry (hwfb/.
tn-WSr'rJ^). WhOftlO, n.
[AS. wyrtii small shrub -I-
^f ^d I™;;;Jl^lSl'2I? ^horl.. « WhorledL«tve.of
of several slirubby planto; Woodruff. ()i) h Whoried
also, any one of these plants ; Flu vert of Blsck Horehouud.
huckleberry.
WllOM (hS5z), pron. [AS. Atr««, gen. of htri. See
Who.] Poesesbive case of tcho or which, isoever. I
WllOM'lO-OT'er (-8<-«v'8r), pron. Possessive uf who- \
WtHO^ao^iWa (hC&'sd-Sv'Sr), Wno'M, pron. Whatso-
ever penou ; any person whatever that; whoever.
WAnr (hwdr), r. & n. Whir.
Why (hwl), adv. [AS. Airl, Avrp, instrumental case
of Atra, A trie/. See Who.] 1. For what cause, reason,
or purpose ; wherefore ; — interrogatively. 2. For which;
on accouut of which ; — relatively. 3. Reason or cause
for which ; on what account ; —a compound relative.
WiOk (wTk), n. [AS. weoca.} A loosely twisted cord
or tube, usiudly of sol t cotton threads, whicli by capillary
attraction draws up oil in lamps, melted tallow or wax in
candles, etc., to be burned for illumiuatiou.
Wiokod ( wTkt), a. Having a wick ; — in composition.
WlOk'td ( wTk'Sd ), a. [OB., f r. teicke wicked ; prob.
orlg. same word as icicche wizard, witch.] Evil in prin-
ciple or practice ; addicted to vice; sinful. — Wlol^od-
ly, adv. — Wl0k'td-a«M, n.
Syn. — Sinful; criminal; immoral: unrighteous; un-
godly; profane: vicious; pernicious: atrocious: nefari-
ous : heinous ; flagrant ; flagitious. See iMiQurrous.
Wiok'or (wTk'Sr), n. [Prob. akin to AS. tcican to
give way. Cf. Wbak.] A small, pliant twig or osier ;
rod for making basketwork, etc. ; withe, —a. Made of,
I or covered with, twigs or osiers.
I WloTot (-«t), n. [OF. wiket, ffuirhet.l 1. SmaU
re or door, esp. one forming part of a lisrger door.
Small gate for emptying the chamber of canal locks,
or regulating the flow of water to a water wheel. 3. (a)
A small framework at which the ball is bowled in cricket.
(6) Ground on which the wickets are set.
Wiok'lnff, n. M<iterial of which wicks are made.
Wide (wil), a. [AS. trfif.] 1. Having considerable
extent between the sides ; broad. 2. Extended ; rast.
3. Of large scope : liberal. 4. Of a certain measure be-
tween the sides. 6. Remote ; far. 6. Too far sidewise
from the mark, the wicket, etc. 7. Made (as a vowel)
with a less tense condition of the mouth organs ; — opp.
to narrow ; as, the wide of S (Bve) is T (Til) ; of £ (ate) is
8 (find), etc. — odr. 1. To a distance ; far ; widely. 2. So
as to have great space twtween the Mdes ; so as to form
a large opening. 3. So as to be fsr from an object or
purpose; aside; astray. — n. 1. Wide space; width;
extent. 2. Thnt which goex wide, or to one side of the
msrk. — Widely, adr. — Wide'lMM. n.
WMe'-a-weke' (wid/A-wilt'), o. Fully awake ; not
drowKy or dull : keen ; alert. — n. A broad-brimmed,
low-crnwned felt hat. [wider. I
Wli'en ( wTd'' n),r. t.&i. To make, or grow, wide or |
Wil'Ceon (wTJ'ttn), n. [Prob. akin to F. rigeon, gin-
getmA A frenh-water wild duck of Europe and America.
Wid'OW (wTd'<J), n. [AS. u^eoduwe^vidutre ; akin to
G. wiitwe, wittce^ L. vidua.'] A woman who has lost her
husband by death. —a. widowed. —r. /. 1. To be-
reave of a husband. 2. To make desolate ; to bereave.
i WId'OW-er, n. A man bereft of his wife.
fim, recent, 6rb, rvda, f^ Qra, food, fdbt, oat, oil, eliair, go, sinst iok, then, ihhi.
WIDOWHOOD
636
WIND
WM'OW'hOOd (wTd'ft.hdSa), n. State of a widow.
Width (wTdth), n. The being wide ; extent from dde
to side ; breadth ; wideneaa.
Wtold (wSld), V. t [OE. welden to govern, poaaeas,
AS. %weldaH ; akiu to L. valert to be atrong. ] To direct
by iullueuce or authority : to control ; to uuumge.
Wilt (wif), n.;p/. Wivn (wivz). [AS. tri/.] The
lawful couaort of a uiau ; woman married to a man.
WItellOOd (-liMd), n. The behig a wife.
Wtfel7» a. [AS. tri/fic.] Becoming or like a wife.
Wig (v^tg)* n. [Abbr. fr. pfriuHg.] Artificial cover*
r of hair tor the head.
rgle(wIg'gM),r.<.A:i. [Cf. ^
To move with a Jerking
motioii ; to wag ; to wriggle.
(-glSr), n. Larva
wir«i«f (J
Wifffler*. (a) Larra,
(b)Fu|M« of MoMiuito.
[Algonquin or Maaaachu-
pupa of the moaquito.
Wl|^t(wft),n. [AS.inA/crM-
ture, thing; akin to 08. & OHO.
Ufi/U.] A human beius ; peraon ; —
now uaed in irony or burleaque.
WIg'wam (wVwSm), n. "
aetta Indian word
vikou-om-ut in hia
bouae, or dwelling
plaoe.] An Indian
cabin or hut, usually
made of a frame-
work of polea cov-
ered with hides,
bark, or mate; —
called alao tepee.
Wild (wild), a.
[AS. vHde; akin
to D. & G. trtfrf.]
1. Living in a state
of nature ; not eaai-
ly approached b v
man; not tamed.
2. Growing with«
native. 3. Desert; not inhabited or cultivated. 4. Sav-
age ; uncivilised ; ferocious : rude. 6. Not aubmitt<>d to
restraint or regulation ; turbulent ; violent ; disorderly ;
imaginary ; crasy. 6. Indicating strong emotion, excite-
ment, or bewilderment. — n. A wildemeas. — adv.
Wildly. — Wilday, adv. - WUd'neM, n.
wild eat. (a) A European catlike anifnal destmctive to
Iambs, kids, poultry, eto. (b) The Americnn lynx.— WQd-
goes* ehass, the pursuit of sometliing unattainable.
Wl]d'-«at' (-kit/), a. 1. Unsound ; irresponsible ;
unsafe. 2. Running without rmitrol ; running along the
line without a train ; as, a iHid-cat locomotive.
WU'dar ( wTl'dSr), V. I. [Akin to E. wild. ] To bewilder.
WII'der-IUM, n. A tract nncultivated and uninhab-
ited by human beings ; a wild ; waste : desert.
Wudlira' (wnd'fTr^), n. 1. A composition of inflam-
mable materials, ver> hsrd to quench. 2. (n) Erysipelas.
{b) Disease of sheep, with inflammation of the skin.
WUdlnir. n. An unciiltivsted plant, or ito fruit.
Wll«(wn).n. [AS. frl/. Cf. GuiLK.] A trick for de-
ception ; sly artifice ; allurement. — r. /. To turn away,
as hv diversion : to while or while away ; to beguile.
WntOl (wTITun. a. Willful.
Wlll-ly ( wi'lT-iy ), ndr. In a wilv manner ; Insidiously.
Wm (wTI), r. t. A miTilinnj. [imp. Would (wd6<i).
Iodic, prewnt, I tri7/. thou tr»7/. he triV/ ; we, yp, they
tr///.] [AS. irillan, imp. iroMf ; akin to D. irillen, G.
trnll^^ L. reUe to wlhh, rolo 1 wish. Cf. Voluwtart,
WiLL.<i<fr.] 1. To wish: todenire. 2. As an auxiliary,
will is used to denote futurity dependent on the sniijert
of the verb. Thus, in tlie flr-»t person, " I triV/ " denotes
willingness, consent, promise ; and in the second and third
persons, simple certainty Is appropriately exprMted.^
r. i. To wish ; to desire. — n. 1. Power of choosing, or
of preferring or selecting from two or more objecta
2. Choice made; preference; volition. 3. Choice or
determination of one having authority ; command ; dis>
cretionary pleasure. 4. Strong wish ; desire ; purpose.
6. Legal declaration how one wishes his property disposed
of after his death ; testament ; devise.
Will, r. t. limp. & p. p. WnxBO (wTld) ; p. pr. A
vb. n. WiLLiKO. ludic. present, I trf/f, thou vrHleMy ha
wiUeth or wdU ; we, ye, they trtff.] [See 1st Will.1 1. To
determine by an act of choice ; to ordain ; to decree.
2. To dispose of by teatament ; to bequeath ; to devisa.
— r. i. To exercise an act of volition ; to decide ; to decree.
Wlllfnl (wTl'f^l), a. [WiU +/»//.] [Written also
trtf//?(y.] 1. Of set purpose; voluntary. 2. Governed
by tlie will without yielding to reaaon ; obstinate ; per>
verse ; stubborn.— WUllllI-ly, adv.— Wlllflll-BMS, «.
Wlillnc a. 1. Free to do or to grant ; disposed ; not
averse ; desirous ; ready. 2. Submitted to voluntarily ;
chosen. — WUllllC-ly, adv. — WtUlllff-IIMS, n.
WIll'-O'-tlM-wliv' (-^-the-wTsp"), n. Ignis falova.
Willow (wTi16), n. [AS. trt//^.] 1. A tre* of
many species, most of which have slender, plianl
branches. 2. Mschine for opening and cleansing oottoo
or wool. — r. /. To treat (as cotton) by a willow.
WlllOW-y (-V), a. 1. Abounding with wiUowa. 8.
Resembling a willow ; pliant ; drooping ; gracefuL
Wilt (wTlt), *ldpert. ting, of Will.
Wilt, f. t. [OE. velken ; akin to G. veVk withered.]
To bedin to wither; to droop ; to witlier ; to languish.
Wll'y (wil'y), a. [Compar. WiLtn (-T-*r); tttperl.
WiLiKST.l Full of wiles, tricks, or stratagems; mis-
chievously artful ; subtle.
Syn. — Cunning ; artful : sly ; crafty. Bee Cuinrar*.
Wlm1>Ie (wTm'b'l), n. [Akin to 01). vemeleu to bore.
Cf. GiMLBT.I An instrument for boring holea, turned by
a handle ; gimlet ; auger, —v. /. To bore.
WlmldO (-p*l), ti. [AS. vinpel.] A covering of
ailk, linen, eto., for the neck and chin, still worn by nnns.
Win (wTn), r. /. [imp. & p. p. WoK (wQn) ; o. pr.
& rb. n. WiKKiKG.] [AS. trtnnim to atrive, labor, endure.]
1. To gain in contest. 2. To allure to compliance ; to
gain or obtain. 3. To render friendly or approving. —
V. i. To gain the victory ; to prevail.
Syn. — To gain ; get ; procure ; earn. Bee Gaot.
WIBOO (wTns), r. i. [OF. guencir, guenchir^ shin to
E. iHnk.'l To shrink, as from a blow, or from pain ; to
flinch ; to start back.
Wlnot, n. [See WnrcH.] Reel naed In dying, f leap-
ing, or washing cloth ; a winch.
Wlmdl (wTnch), n. [AS. wince winch, reel to wind
thread upon. Cf. Wncx.l 1. Crank having a handle,
for turning a machine, grindstone, eto. 2. Instrument
for turning or straining soTTirthtnf?. 3- Axle or dma
for raising weighte; windlu!^*-.
4. A wince.
Wind (wind), r. t. A >
[imp. &p. p. WoCKD (woun^i !■
(rarely wwdbd) ; o. pr. \-
rb. n. WiWDiNO.] [AS. tci»*-
dan. Cf. Wandks. Wwrn ]
1. To turn completely, or witli
repeated turns ; to coil ; to
twine ; to twist. 2. To infold : '
to encircle. 3. To turn su^i
bend st one's pleasure ; to aU< i
at will ; to govern. 4. To in-
sinuate. -»n. A winding or
turning ; bend ; twist.
Wind (wind, in jioelrv and tinging often wind), n.
[AS.; akin to D. & O.'trtnrf, L. ren/tt*.! 1. Air in
motion ; current of air. 2. Brenth modulated by the
respiratory and vocal organs, or by an instrument. 3.
One foim of Winch, sp-
plicd to s Dcrriek.
fc, B, 1, 5, «, long ; A, e, 1, 5, tt, t. >*»ort ; iwiftte, «vent, Idea, 6bay, Onlta, oAra, lirm, Aak, ilD, tool
WIND
637
WISDOM
Om Mnentod tn the •tomach or bowels; flatulence.
4. Mere breath or talk ; idle words. — r. t, [imp. &
p. p, Wdtdbo ; p. pr. A vb. n. Winoino.1 1. To expose
to the wiud ; to wiunow ; to ventilate. 3. To follow by
soent ; to nose. 3. (a) To drive (a horse) hard, so as to
pat him out of breath. (6) To breatlie (a horse).
Wind (wiud), V. t. [Fr. wind moviuff air, but con-
fitsed with wind to turn.] limp. &' p. p. Wound (wound),
R. WiifDBo; p. pr. & vb. n. WuroiMa.] To blow ; tu
aoniid (a horn) by blowing.
Wind'az* (windtj ; 2), n. [Fr. wind air.] 1. Dif-
ference in diameter of a gun's bore and the shot fired
from it. 2. Sudden compression of tlie air caused by a
projectile passing close to another body. [wind. I
WtllA'bOIIIld^ (•boundOt a. I>etained by a contrary |
Windfall' (-f ftlO* ^' !• Anything blown down by the
wind, as fruit from a tree. 2. An unexpected gain.
Wlnd'lldW'Mr (-flou'Sr), n. Anemone ;— once supposed
to open only when the wind was blowing. (joint, t
wlnd'ffUl' (-gftl' )t n. Soft tumor on a horse's fetlock |
Wlnd'^nMS, n. Quality or state of being windy.
Wlndlaf (windTng),n. [Fr.u^indtoblow.] AcaU
by a boatswain's whistle.
Winding, a. [Fr. wind to twist.] Twisting from a
direct line or an even surface ; circuitous. — n. A turn
or turning ; bend ; curve ; flexure ; meander.
WlAdiag shsst, sheet in which a corpee Is wrapped.
WlndlJUUI (wTnd'las), n. [Icel. vindil&st^ vindds^ f r.
vinda to wind -f Sm pole. ] Machine for raising weights,
by turning a crank, lever, etc., so as to wind up a rope
or chain attached to the weight.
One form of Windlua. o a Supporting Bitto t h Barrel. Drum,
or Spindle with Whelp« t c e Brakes for vorking the Nipping
levers, '/ ; e Pawl and Ratchet Wheel ; / Dog for catching
and holding the Cahle.
WlBdlMNI, a. Being without wind ; calm ; breathless.
Wlnd'mlll' C-mTlO, n. Mill turned by the wmd.
Wln'dOW (wTn'd6), n. [Icel. vinduvga window, prop. ,
wind eye.] 1. Opening m the wall of a building to admit
light and i^r. 2. Shutter, casement, sasli, etc., which
doses a window opening.
Window asat, seat in the recess of a window. — Window
■in, flat piece of wood, stone, etc., at the bottom of a win-
dow frame.
Wlnd'pllp*' ( wTnd'plp'), n. Passage for the breath from
the larynx to the lungs ; trachea. See Illtut. under Lumo.
Wlnd'row' (wln^'5'), n. [Wind -4- rotr.] Row or
line of hay raked together to be rolled into heaps.
Wlnd'Ward(wTnd'w3rd; among sailors ^TA\n. Side
from which the wind blown. —a. & adv. Toward the
point from which the wind blows ; — opp. to leeward.
Wlnd^ {-f\ a. 1. Consisting of wind ; accompanied
by wind ; exposed to wind. 2. Next the wind ; wind-
ward. 3. Tempestuous ; boisterous. 4. Causing, or caused
byjwind in the intestines ; flatulent. 5. Empty ; aii^.
Wlntjwin), n. [AS. irin, fr. L. vinum ; akin to Or.
oo«C) fotvoi.'\ 1. Expressed juice of grapes, esp. when
fermented. 2. A beverage prepared from juice of any
fruit by a process like that for grape wine. 3. Intoxication.
Ipirit of wins, alcohol.
WlttAOdblMr (•bTba>3r), n. A tippler.
Wlne'glaM' (wln'gUe'), ». SmaU glaaa need for
drinking wine.
Wins (wing), n. [Prob. of Scand. orighi.] 1. One
of the two anterior limbs of a bird, bat, or Insect, sener-
ally used for flying. 2. Passage by flying ; flight. 3. Ap-
pendage at the side of anything ; ^depiece ; side buiidUig,
less than the main edifice ; right or left division of an
army, regiment, fleet, etc. ; one of the sides of the stage
iu a tlieater. — v. t. 1. To furnish with wings ; to eniibie
to fly, or to move swiftly. 2. To fly through. 3. To
wound iu the wing ; to disable a wing of.
Wink (wTuk), f. i. [AS. wincUtn; akin to ttancol
waveriug.J 1. To close and open the eyelids quickly ;
to blink. 2. To iiint by a motion of the eyelids, often of
one eye only. 3. To avoid taking notice, as if by shut-
ting the eyes; to connive. —n. 1. Act of winking;
time necessary for such an act ; a moment. 2. Hint given
by shutting the eye signiflcantly. [blinder. I
Wlnk'tr, n. 1. One wlio winks. 2. A horse's)
Win'nor (wTn'nSr), n. One who wins, or gains by
success in competition, contest, or gaming.
Wln'nlng, a. Attracting; charmhig. «— n. 1. An
obtaining something, as in a contest or by competition.
2. Money, etc., won, esp. in gambling \-~ usuallv ha pi.
Window (-n^), V. t. [AS. windufian; akm to L.
ventiicn-e.'] 1. To drive off the chaff from by wind ; to fan
(grain, etc.). 2. To sift ; to separate (bed from good).
— V. i. To separate chaff from grain. — Wtn^OW-OT, n.
Win'WUne (-silm), a. [as. wyntum^ fr. wjfnn joy.]
1. Cheerful; gay; light-hearted. 2. Causing joy or
pleasure; gladsome.
Win'tar (-t8r)« *>• CAS. ; akin to G. trinier; of uncer-
tain origin.] Coldest season of the 7ear.**i;. i. To
pass the winter ; to hibernate. •*«.!. To keep, feed, or
manage (cattle, etc.) during the winter.
Wln'twr-graen' (-grin/), n. Plant which keepe its
leaves green through the winter.
Wlnter-ldll' (kTlO, v. t. To kiU by the cold, or ex-
pawre to the inclemency of winter, [t/. S.]
Wln^«r-7 ('f\ I a. [AS. winMg.] SuiUble to win-
Wintry (-tiy), I ter ; cold ; stormy. [vinous.!
Win'y (w!u^), a. Having the qualitiee of wine:|
WlM (wip), V. t. [AS. iclpian; perh. akin to B.
trA(p. J 1. To rub with something soft for cleaning ; to
drv by rubbing. 2. To rub off ; to obliterate. — n. 1. A
rubbing, esp. to clean. 2. A gibe ; jeer. — Wip'tT, n.
Win (wir), n. [AS. irfr.] 1. A thread or slender
rod of metal. 2. A telegraph wire or cable. ^ v. t,
1. To bind, or attach, with wires; to apnly wire to.
2. To put upon a wire. 3. To snare by wires. 4. To
send (a message) by telegraph. [ColloqJ]
Wirt'drnw' (-dr^Oi «• <• 1- To form (a piece of
metal) into wire, by drawing it through holes in a plate
of steel. 2. To draw by art or violence. 3. To draw or
spin out to great length and tenuity.
Wln'-pnll'er (-p^l'Sr), n. One who pulls wires, as
of a puppet ; one who operates secretly ; an intriguer.
Wir'7 (-y), a. [Written also trtery.] 1. Made of
wire ; like wire ; drawn out like wire. 2. Capable of
endurance ; tough ; sinewy. — Wlrl-neflS, n.
Wl« (wis), adv. [ Aphetic form of OE. iufis, ywit, cer-
tain.] Certainly; really: indeed. — r. /. [Due to mis-
taking OE. ittis certain, AS. geieistf for I wit.'] To think ;
to suppose. [Obs. or Poetic']
WiS'dom (wiz'd&ra), n. [AS.wUdOm, SeeWns.a.]
1. The being wise ; knowledge, and capacity to use it ;
disoemment and judgment ; discretion ; sagMlt^ ; skill.
2. Scientific or practical truth ; erudition.
Syn. — Wisdom ; , PRtTDKircB ; Khowldob. WMom
has been defined to be '' the use of the best means for at-
taining the best ends," and implies the union of high
mental and moral excellence. Pmdenre (that is, protfi-
dence^ or forecast) is of a more n^'gative character ; it
rather consists in avoiding danger than In taking i
fim, recent, 6rb| r^ide, f^ tkm, food, fo^t, out, oU, ehair, go, ilng, ink, then, thla.
WISDOM TOOTH
638
WOAD
tmt to accomidUh an end. Knovclrd^^ a wider tenn,
aignities the aimple apprehension of facts or relation*.
Wladon tootli, the back tooth on each jaw in man, ap-
pearing coniparatiTely Ute, after one may be auppoaed
to have arrived at the age ox wiadom.
WlM (wis), a. [AS. ufU ; akin to E. trtf, v.] 1. Hav-
ing knowledge; learned. 2. Discerning and judging
soundly ; sagacious. 3. Versed in art or science ; skilled.
4. Adapted to produce good effects ; judicious.
WlMf n. [AS. %tUe ; fr. root of £. trt< ; hence, orig.,
knowledge, skilL See Wrr, v., and Guiss.] Way of be-
ingor acting; manner; fashion.
WlM'A-ort (wiz'i-kSr), n. [OD. vriiuegtur prophet ;
akin to AS. wUiga^ tr. root of £. trt/.] Pretender to
wisdom ; simpleton ; dunce.
Wlsa'ly, adv. In a wise manner; prudently.
Wish (wTsh), r. i, & t. [AS. wgscan; triUc a wish ;
OD. A O. wunsch.'] 1. To desire ; to long. 2. To hope
or fear.—n. 1. Desire; lonffing. 2. Request; peti-
tion. 3. Object of desire. — WlSB'or, n.
Syn. — SeeDisxsB.
WlShlHUM' (wlsti'bSn^), n. Forked bone in front of
the breastbone in birds ; — called also merrythought.
WtahtoLa. rCf. Wdttul.] Having ardent desire ;
longing. — Wlsh'hll-ly, adv. [weak ; spiritless. I
Widl'y-wasll'y i-S-^^h'S), a. Thin and pale; |
Wisp (wTitp), n. [OE. trips.] 1. SmaU bundle of
straw, etc. 2. Whisk ; small broom. 3. Will-o'-the-wisp.
Wist (wTst), archaic imp. & p. p. of Wrr, r. Knew.
WlS-Ull-A (wTs-tS'rT-iy, n. [NL., f r. Caspar Wistar,
an American anatomist.] Climbing leguminous plant
bearing pendulous clusters of bluish flowers.
WUt'lDl (wTst'f^J, a. IFoT wUh/ul.} 1. Longing;
widhtui ; de^rous. 2. Full of thought ; eagerly atten-
tive; musing; pensive. — WUt'lnl-lir, adr.
Wit (wit), v.L&i, [inf. (To) Wrr ; pre*, ting. Wot,
pi. Wot ; imp. Wi8T(b) ; p. p. Wist ; p. pr. & vb. n.
Wit(t)imo.] [AS. irt/an, pres. tcat^ imp. iri*/f, tcisM;
akiu to O. wissen to know, L. videre^ Gr. iiciv, to see.
Cf. HisTORT, Idba, Idol, Twit, Visioic, Wisb, a. & n.] To
know ; to learn ; — used only in the infinitive, to wit^ esp.
iu legal language, to call attention to a particular thing,
and equivalent to namely ^ that i* to say.
Wit, n. 1. Mind; intellect; sense. 2. Mental fac-
ulty ; power of the mind ; — chiefly in pi. 3. Felicitous
association of objects not usually connected, so as to pro-
duce a pleasant surprise. 4. One of eminent sense or of
geniiu or humor.
Syn. V,';:. !T; ;,jjr ; ftiiiin' , Barcai.iiii . irony l Uir-
le>iit|Ui>'!. — Vi'ti lammriiy mt^aitt niiiiJ, m\*] iupw iUffpotes
tilt* i>iJW€*T of twi^lii^ pjjsanii? t1iouit(^it or occurrwin^, and,
by n ^iiddtMi turn, ]^Tesii:''iitluj? it nn(I*-r Emptw-ta wJiuJIy wiw
and iincipe"teHl - apfmrpntiy [iiaiirnl and adimiMifit^^, if
not ptTtt^ily iiiflt. BTiil Iwiitrinif on tins Nqb>cnE. mr the
S'lTtfej roticpni^J. wH>i A |rm«;h<Ll4H' ]iti"*i>nftii8 and fonw.
fK^irtr comlita prtinadW tn t ikitit; Mf^ thf^ peniili.irir1es
oif A AhmiW«/(ore<«ent3i^ l-r^. n rml Er.iwtni? t>imi ant,
K that we BUioy a h^art y , t^.v.l. ,, 1 1 urt-t Imtijjh al blfl ^un-
nmsclous laJitilfmtatkita >»f »>]dii \^^^. Vrmn thia orijnual
■enw ihft tfnti hnn wifk-ofd (a i-m^rcice oilier KQuri^t^ of
]da>^1lT iriirtlt of the (arre renrrhl rbaracit^-r
Wltoll ai'TrliK r>. [A^. wirf^.] 1. (>iie thouiflit to
pi-t4,-Li H> 'Alt,, rMLttiT-nt ipfwcr by fompcwt irtfith ftli tf^vil
spirit^ e*ip.\v ili Uie Di vil ; Mix^rur or BpOTwrpM ; — now
applied chiefly to women. 2. Ugly old woman ; hag.
3. A charming or bewitching persor ; sluo, onfl riven to
mischhf ; — said esp. of a woman or child. [Colloq.} ^
V. t. To bewitch : to fascinate ; tn enchant.
Wltch'oraft' (wTrhncrift/), Wltch'er-y (-Sr-y), n,
1. Practices or art of witohe« ; sorcery ; intercourse with
evil Kpirits. 2. Irresistihlo influence.
With (wTth), prep. [AS. iriff with, against ; akin to
AS. viSer agaiust, 0. tcider againnt, tn'eder again.] De-
noting neameiw, proximity, association, connection, ftc. ;
as, specif. : L In oppoftitlon or hostility ; — equivalent to
against. 2. Among; In the comtMiny of. 3. On the
side of. 4. As c^use, means, instrument, etc ; — ■oai»>
times equivalent to by. 6. In comparison or ooDtraat
6. In immediate succession or consequeoce. 7. As a
possession or aroendage.
WtOl-Sl' (wUfa-i^ia adv. [With + aU.] Together
with this ; likewise ; also. ^Archaic] '-prep. With ; —
put after iU object. [06«.]
WtOl-^niW^ (-dru'), V. L iWiih against -f dnnr.]
1. To take back or away (what has been bestowed or
enjoyed) ; to draw back. 2. To take back ; to recall or
retract, ^r. i. To retire ; to quit a company or place ;
to go away. — WtOl-dniW^al, Wlth-dTtWUltBt, n.
Srn. —To recede ; retrograde : go back.
WltlM (with), n. [OE. teithe. Bee Wrrar, n.]
[Written also wiih.\ A flexible twig or branch used as
a band. ^r. t. To fasten with withes.
Wltll'sr (wTth'Sr), r. i. & t. [OE. videren; prob.
same word as wederen to weather (see Wbathu) ; or ef.
O. verwittem to decay.] 1. To fade ; to dry or shrivel
up. 2. To waste ; to decay ; to languish.
Wlth'MTS (-Srs), n. pi. [Prop., the parU which resist
strain in drawing a load; fr. AS. fn'tfrp, fr. «4Ser
against. See WriH.] Ridge between a horse^s shoulder
bones, at the base of the neck.
WtOl-llOld' (-hSld'), V. I. 1. To hold back ; to re-
strain. 2. To retain ; to keep back. — Wlth-hmd'sr, n.
Wlth-tn' (-Tn'). pr«p. [AS. wiSinnan; wid with,
against, toward 4* tnnan in, invrardly, f r. in in.] 1. In
the inner part of ; inside of ; not without. 2. In the
limits or compass of ; not further in length or time than ;
not exceeding in quantity. 3. Inside the limits, reach,
or influence of ; not beyond or exceeding, —otfr. 1. la
the inner port ; internally. 2. In tlie house ; in doora.
Wlth-Ont' (-outOt prep' [AS. wiSutan ; vi9 -f fiten
outside, fr. i2/ out.] 1. On or at the outside of ; out
of ; not within. 2. Out of reach of ; beyond. 3. Not
with ; in absence of, separation from, or destitution
of ; independently of ; exclusively of. ^ eonj. Unless ;
except. — adv. 1. On or at the outside ; outwardly ; ex-
ternally. 2. Out of doors. [oppose ; to resist. I
Wltn-Btsnd' (-stIadO, r. t. To stand against ; to|
Wlth'y (wTth'y), tt. [AS. vfiSig a wiUow, willow
• * • *^ viH* a vine. "
Cf. Won, WrtHB.]
. A withe. ^ a. Made of, or abound-
twig ; prob. akin to L. i
1. The osier willow. 2. A
ingin, withes ; flexible and tough. [ing ; indiscreet.!
Witless (wTt'lSs), a. Destitute of wit or underatand-l
Witling (-ITng), n. One having little wit or under-
standing ; a pretender to smartness.
WttlMSS (-nSs), n. [AS. uHtnes, f r. vcitan to know.]
1. Attestation of a fact or an event ; testimony. 2.
That which furnishes proof. 3. One who beholds, or hss
personal knowledge of, anything. 4. (a) One who teati-
fles in a legal cause. (6) One who sees the execution of
an instrument, and subscribes it to conflrm its autlien-
ticity. — V. /. 1. To see or know by personal presence.
2. To testify to ; to attest. 3. To see the execution of
(a legal instrument) and subscribe it to establish its au-
thenticity. — r. i. To testify. — WltfntSS-sr, «.
Wtttft-eism (-tT-sTs'm), n. A witty saying ; phrase
affectedly witty ; a conceit. [witli wit. I
WltOl-Iy, adv. In a witty manner ; wisely ; art* ully ; |
Wlt'tlllf -ly (-tTng-iy), adv. Knowingly ; by design.
WlflyTwTt'tj^), a. [AS. ir«i^.] Possessing wit or
humor ; good at repartee ; droll. — wlttt-ll8SS« *•
Syn. — Smart ; sharp; arch ; keen ; satirical ; ironicaL
WlTS (wiv}, V. i, &L [AS. irfylon.] To many (a
wife) ; to wed.
Wives (wivs), n., pL of Wnrs.
Wls'aid (wTz'8rd), n. [Prob. fr. wise + -ori.] A
magician ; conjurer ; sorcerer ; enclianter.
Wls'eil (wT«'*n}, V. i. [AS. icimian; akhi to treor-
nian to decay, ana prob. to L. virus offensive odor, poi-
son.] To wither ; to drv. — a. Thin ; weasen ; withered.
Wosd (w9d), n. tAS. wM ; akin to L. vitmm.]
B, B, 1 8, ft, loaf I ft, •. T. 0, A, f, short i sentto, tvent, tdea, 6bty, ttnlta, oAra, Km, Aik, ftU, flntfL
WOE
639
WOOLGATHERING
An berbaoeoiu eraoiferoiu plant, formerly cultivsted
for the blue dyeatuff derived from its leaves ; alao, the
dyeatuffitself.
Wm (wO), n. [AS. trfi, hiterj. ; akin to O. weh.'}
[Formerly writt4;n alao wo.} 1. Orief ; misery ; heavy
calamity. 8> A curse ; malediction.
Wor-bd-fao«' (w^bl-gOuOt a. Beset irith woe;
immersed in grief; woefuL
Wotfolt ( o> !• Pull of woe ; distressed with grief
WolQli ) or calamity ; wretched; sad. 2. Bring-
ing woe. 3. Wretched ; paltry ; poor. — Woolol-ly,
Wotnl-ly, adr. — W<MW-1IMS, WO'tlll-]l«M, n.
Wold (wOid), n. [AS. icealdt wold.} 1. A wood;
forest. 2. A plain, or low hill ; country without wood.
Wolf (wvlf), n. / £/. WoLTia (wvlvs). [AS. if «//,
akintoD. &0. iro<^; L./iiptM,Or.AvKOf. Cf.LTCBUM.]
1. A wild and savage carnivore, allied to the dog. 2. Any
Americiii Or»> Wolf (Cniti* uccutentalut).
Tery ravenous, rapacious, or destructive person or thing ;
want ; starvation. — Wolfllll, a. [nite. I
WOllolNUlO' (wulfsHiinOt n. A poisonous plant ; aco- 1
Wol'TOr-OIM' \ (wul'v«r-«n'), n. 1. The glutton. 2.
Wdl^yor-illO' S Nickname for an inhabitant of Michi-
gan. iU.S.}
W61T0S (w\ilvi), n., pi. of Wolf.
Wom'aB (wd6m'an), n. / pi. WoMur (wTm'Sn). [AS.
ir^mann, wlmmann; w\f woman, wife -f- niann man.]
1. All adult femile person. 2> The female part of the
human race ; womankind. 3. A female servant.
Wom'All-llOOd (-hd6d), n. 1. State of being a woman ;
character of a woman, or of womankind. 2. Women,
collectively; womankind. [not becoming a man. I
Wom'ttB-iflllf n. Suitable to a woman ; effemluate ; |
Wom'All-kllld' (-klndOi n. Women, collectively.
WOB'ail-ly, a. Becoming a woman ; feminine. «— ndr.
In the manner of a woman ; with the grace, tenderness,
or affection of a woman.
Womb (w5&m). It. [AS.] 1. The uterus. 2. Place
where anything is generated or produced.
Wom'DAt (w5ma>ftt), n. [Fr. native name, womback.']
A nocturnal, burrowing marsuphl of Australia.
I (wTm^n), n.,/>/. of Woman.
I (wftn), imp. & p. p. of Wik.
Wonfdor (wttnMJr), n. [AS. tcfimfor.] 1. Sorpriae;
admiration ; amasement. 2. A cause of wonder ; a strange
thing ; prodigy ; miracle. — r. i. 1. To be affected with
surprise or adfmiration ; to marvel. 2. To fe>el doubt and
curiosity ; to wait with uncertain expectation. — Won'-
dor-or, n. [der-tnl-ly. odr. i
Wonfdor-tal, a. Adapted to exHte wonder. — Won'- 1
Syn. — Marvelous ; amazing. See Martsloub.
Wonfder-moilt, n. Snrprlne ; wonder.
Won'droiU (-drfis), adv. In a surprising manner or
degree ; wonderfully. — a. Wonderful ; astonishing ; mar-
▼elons ; strange. — Won'droOfl-ly, adr.
Won't (w5nt). [Cnlloq. contr. of troll not.'\ Will not.
Wont (wfint), a. [For ironed, p. p. of iron, irone. to
dwell, AS. wnnutn.1 Using or doing customarily : ac-
customed ; u««h1. — n. CuBtom ; habit ; ub© ; usage. —
V. i, r^mp. WoHT ; p. p. Woirr, or Wokted ; p. pr. &
vb. n. WoMTiHO.] To h*» accnstomed or iiH«d.
Woo (w5&), V. t. [AS. icdtfinn, fr. trdh bent, crooked,
n. [AS. wudubind bUck
ivy.] (a) A climbing plant
havmg Ir
bad.] 1. To solicit in love ; to court 2. To invite fan*
portunately. — v. i. To make love.
Wood (wd6d), n. [AS. inufu, wiodu.} L A colleo-
tloQ of trees ; forest ; grove. 2. Hard fibrous substance
composing the bodv of a tree and its branches, and cov-
ered by the bark ; timber. 3. Trees cut for fuel or other
!:>ses. ^v. t. & i. To supply with, or take in, wood.
Weed add. Weed Tiasgar, a complex acid liquid obtained
in the dry distillation oi wood, and containing large quan-
tities of acetic acid. — Wood coal, charcoal ; also, ilguito,
or brown coal. — Weed cut. See m Vocab. — Wood nyatph,
a nymph inhabiting the woods ; dryad. — Wood plfsoa,
the ringdove. — Wood screw, a metal screw, for insertion
in wood. — Wood
wood acid.
~ (wWd'bIn'),
WoodSersw.
rasrant tlowers. (6) The Virginia creeper.
Wood'onnidB' (-chCikOi n, A large North American
marmot, which makes extensive burrowa.
Wood'000k'(-k5k0,i«. [A8.trtM/t(Coc.] Along-billed
limicollne game bird, mostly nocturnal in ita habits.
Wood'craft'
(-krift/), n. SkiU
in anything pertaln-
ingto the wooda.
Wood ' ont '
(•kfif ), n. An en-
graving o n wood ;
also, a print from it.
Wood'onrtor, n.
One who cuts wood ;
engraver on wood.
W00d'0d,a. Sup-
plied or covered
with wood, or trees.
Wood'on (wd6d'.
*n), a. 1. Made or ^
consisting of wood ;
pert, to, or like,
wood. 2. Clumsy;
•tllT; Bpiritlesa.
Woodl-neos (-T-n8s), n. Quality of being woody.
Woodland (-land or -IlndOt *»• Land covered with
wood or trees ; forest. ^ a. Pert, to woods or woodland ;
living in the forest ; sylvan.
Wood'knan (-mmi), n. l. A snortsroan : hunter. 2.
A wood«*utt«r. 3. One who dwells in the forest.
WOOd'potik'er (-pSk^r). n. A climbing bird, having
a strong chisel-like bill with which It drills holes in the
bark and wood of trees In search of innect larvre.
WooA'nBf (-rfir), ) n. [AS. intduroff.l A Eu-
WoodToof' (-rST^f 0. i ropean herb used to fiavor wine.
See nitut. under Whorl.
Woodo'nuui (wd6'1z'man), n. A woodman.
Wood'WOlk' (-wdrkO, n. Work made of wood.
Wood'y, ft. 1. Abounding with wood or woods. 2.
Conwinting of wood or woody fiber ; ligneous.
Woo'OT (w5?/?r), n. One who wooes ; a suitor.
Woof (w56f), n. [AS. diref, d^reb, aireh ; on, an, on
-I- wef, trf ft, fr. ire/an to weave. The initial tr is due to
the influence of E. trenvf.'] 1. The threvls crossing the
warp in a woven fabric ; weft ; filling ; thread carried by
the shuttle in weaving. 2. Texture ; cloth.
Wocfl (w861), n. [AS. indl ; akin to D. trof, L. reXlut^
wool.] 1. Soft and curled, or crisped, hair growing on
sheep and some other animals. 2. Short, thick hair, esp.
when crisped or curled. 3. Pubescence, or a clothing of
denne, curling halm on the surface of certain plants.
Wocfl'on (wWl'Bn), a. [AS. in/flen.'\ [Written slao
troollen.'] 1. Made of wool. 2. Pert, to wool or woolen
clothR. — n. Cloth made of wool ; woolen iroodH.
Wotil'fath'er-lllf (-gSth^r-Tng). n. Indnlffing In a
fruitless quest : idly fanciful. — n. Idle Imagination.
American Woodcock.
fim, reo0nt, ttrb, rude, f^ll, Hm, fdbd, fdbt, out, oil, eliair, (o, ainsi iQk, tben, tbia.
WOOLGROWER
640
WORSE
Wool'groWtr (wjtfl'frO^r)^*! . One who raUes aheep
for tlie prudnction of wooL — WOOl'sroWlnSt "•
Wooiaj.a. LCkm«- r^ ^.
with wooL •> Wool^-1
T BBNT
Word
Square.
L Conaiating of. or like, wool. 2. Clothed
VOOIOI-IMM (-IT'DSs), n. [pouudii. I
Wool'PMk' C-pCkO, n. B«g of wool weighing 240 1
Wool'MOlr (-dUcOt n. A anck or bf of wool; seat
of the lord ch«uoellor of Englaud in the Houae of Lords.
Word (wilrd), n. [A8. ; akiu to O. wort, L. rerbum a
word. Cf. VBftB.] X* Spoken or written sign of a oon-
oeption or an idea ; a term. 2. pt. Talk ; speech ; lan-
guage. 3. Account ; tidings ; message. 4. Signal ;
order ; command. 6. Statement ; affirmation ; promise.
6. pt. Verbal contention ; dispute. 7. A brief remark ;
ahort sentence.^ r. t. To express in words ; to phrase.
The werd, or The Word, (a) The gospel message ; the
Scriptures, aa a revelation of Ood. (h) The second person
in the Trinity before his mauifeetation in time by tlie in-
carnation ; among those who reject a Trinity of persons,
some one or all of the divine attributes personified. — Word
■qvare, a series of words so arranged tliat HEART
tliey can be read vertically and horuoutally £ £[ B K R
with like reaults. . -, it a v
S jn. — See Term. a h u b k
Woitt'bodk' (wOrdnH^kO, n. A collection » ^ 8 I N
of words ; vocabulary ; dictionary ; lexicon.
Wording, n. An expressing in words ;
■Ijyle of expression ; phrasing.
word*? (wfWJ), o. 1. Pert, to, or consisting of,
words; verbaL 8. Using many words; verbose. 9.
Containing manv words. — Word'l-nou, n.
Woro (w5r), imp. of Wbaa, also of Wam.
Woik (wflrk), n. [AS. weorc ; akin to OPries., 08.,
D., & O. werk, Or. «pyoK, f cpyot", work, opyavw an instru-
ment.1 1. Exertion of streugtii ; toil ; employment ; la-
bor, a. Matter on which one ipends labor ; material for
working upon ; business ; duty. 3. Result of labor ;
product ; performance ; fabric ; effect ; feat. 4. (n) That
which la produced by mental labor ; a composition ; book.
(6) Figures wrought with the needle ; embroidery, (c)
pi. Structural In engineering, as docki*, bridges, fortifica-
tions, etc. ; stnictnrefl and grounds of a manufacturing
eatablishment. (d) pi. The moving parts of a mechan-
ism. 6. Manner of working ; management ; treatment.
0. pt. Performance of mnr<«l duties ; righteous conduct.
— r. <• [imp. &p. p. WoRKiD (wilrkt), or WaonoHT
(rfttj ', p. pr. & vb. n. Workimo.] [AS. wyrcenn (Imp.
worhte, icrohte, p. p. g^corht, gewrofU).'] 1. To exert
one*s self to attain an object ; to labor. 2. To operate ;
to act ; to perform. 3. To have effect or influence ; to
conduce. 4. To carry on buLlness : to be engaged or em-
ployed ; to toil. 6. To be In a utatc of severe exertion ;
to move heavily : to strain. 6. To move laborioiiBly ; to
proceed with effort (rfotm, out. into, up, through, etc.).
7. To ferment, as a liquid, ^r. /. 1. To labor upon; to
give exertion and effort to. 2. To produce by labor ; to
accomplish ; to originate ; to effect. 3. To bring gmdit-
ally into any state by action or motion. 4. To f«rm with
• needle and thread ; to embroider. 6. To t»t In motion
or action ; to keep at work ; to manage. 6. To cause
(linnorj^to ferment. — Woik'or, n.
WorkniAg' (-MflrO« *>• Bag holding Implements or
nateriala for work : reticule for needlework, etc.
Wofk'bos' (-bOkV), n. Box for instrumenta or mate-
rbU for work. [dlsting. fr. Sunday, festivalu, etc. I
WorkMay (-diOt n. & «. Day on which work is done. I
Work^loiUM^ ^honaO, n. 1. A workshop. 2. Houm
In which Idle and vioiona peraons are confln*»d to labor.
3. Houae where the town poor are kept at public ex-
pen*^, and provided with labor ; poorhoune.
Work'BlAB (-mmi), n. 1. A roan employed in tillage
or mannfactnrea ; worker. 2. A skilled laborer.
Work'lliail-llkd' (-iniO< **> Becoming a workman,
eep^laltv a skillful one ; akillful : well performed.
Work'BIAll-ly. n. Workmanlike. — adv. In a man-
ner becoming a akilled workman.
Wotk'BUUl-iUp (wttrk'hian-BbTp), n. 1. ArtorakOl
of a workman ; execution of anything. 2. That which is
effected or produced ; manufacture.
Work'ihop' (-ahOp'), n. Shop where any mamifao-
ture or handiwork ia carried on.
WOfld (wUrld), n. [AS. weorotdy worold ; prop., aco
of man, lifetime, humanity ; AS. wer man -}- a wonl akm
to E. otd.] 1. The earth and aurrouudiug heavens; the
creation; system ot crei^ed things; universe. 2. Any
planet or heavenly body. 3. Tlie earth and ito inhabit*
anta ; the sum of human affairs and interests. 4. That
part ot the earth known to any one ; human affairs as
seen from a certain position ; state of existence ; scene
of lit e and action. 6. The general affairs of life ; human
society. 6. The human race ; people In general ; the
public ; mankind. 7* The oarth and its affsirs aa dia-
tiuguiahed from heaven ; secular affairs ; engroaament In
the affairs of this life ; worldly corruption ; the ungodly
part of mankind. 8. A great multitude or quantity ; a
large number. [Joymenta. |
Worldling, n. One devoted to this world and ito en- 1
Worldlj, a. 1. Relating to the wo^ld : human ; com-
mon. 2. Pert, to this world, as dlsting. from the life to
come ; secular ; temporal ; bent on gain. •» acf r. In a
worldly manner. — WOrld^-neM, w.
Worm («ffmi\ n. [AS. vyrm; akin to L. vermis^
Or. p6tiot a wood worm.] 1. A small creeping animal
or reptile, either without feet, or with very short ones :
(a) Any helminth; any one of the Entosoa. {b) Anyone
of certain Articulata, as of the earth worm, the sea worms,
etc. (c) Insect larva. (</) pt. Vennea. 2. A basing de-
baaed and despiaed. 3. Anything apiral, vennicnlated.
or reaembling a worm : (n) The thread of aforew. (6) A
apiral instrument for drawing Ualla fnnn flraanna. (c)
Condenahigtnbe of a still, often wound, {d) Short aorew,
driving, or driven by, a worm wheel.
Worn fance, a zigsag fence, made of ralla wbOM ends
are supported on each other. — Wor
consisting of a worm and worm wheel
working togetlter. — Worm wheal, a
cog wlieel having teeth formed to fit
into tlie apiral apacea of a screw called
a worm, ao that the wheel may be
turned by, or may turn, the worm.
— r. i. To work slowlv, gradually,
and secretly. —r. t. 1. To effect,
drive, draw, etc., by slow and secret
means. 2* To draw a wad or cartridge
from (a firearm) by a worm. 3. To
wind rope, yam, etc., spirally round
(a cable) between the strands.
Worm'-MiroD ( w(lrm'«t"n ), a. -^_ ^
1. Raten, or eaten into, by worma. • *^**TOJ*,
2. Wom-ont : old ; worthleaa. ^ '^'•
Worm'WOOd (-w«&d), n. [AS. wwmM.] 1. A eoin-
poaite plant of bitter and slightly aromatic uute, former-
ly used as a tonic and a vermifuge, and to proloot woolen
garments from moths. 2. Bitter affliction ; bftlemeoa.
Worm^, n. 1. Oontaining a worm ; abounding with
worms. 2. Like or pert, to a worm ; grovaling.
Worn (wOm), p. p. of Wbar.
Wor^ (wttr'ry), r. /. [AS. vyroffn in Steyrpan to
strangle ; perh. akin to E. trrfa^.l 1. To baraaa by pur-
anit and barking ; to tear with the teeth. 2. To baraaa
with importunity, or with care and anxiety ; to vex ; to
tenae ; to fret. --r. i. To feel or exprees undue care and
anxiety: to be fretful ; to chafe, ^n. State of undue
so1i'>itude ; vexation ; anxiety ; fret. — WOT'Tl'^r. n.
Wono (wdra), ff., rompar. of Bad. [AS. iHer$a,
in/rMfT, a compar. with no correaponding positive.] Bad,
ill, evil, or corrupt. In a greater degree : leas good ; In
poorer health : more sick. ^n. L Lisas; disadvantage;
defeat. 2. That which Is worae ; something lees good.
— ndr. In a worae degree ; In a manner more evil or
bed. ^r. t. To make worse ; to i
OeaHM.
1 1 k wen
fi, i, f , S, a, long : &, fi, f , A, O, t« abort ) Mn^^ dvent, tdea, ttboy, «Uiite, o4i«, Krm, dak, »ll, ffBoL
WORSEN
641
WRIGGLES
Won'tn (wiln^n), V. t. & i. To make, or beoome,
wone ; to deteriorate.
Wor'flhlp (wQr'dliTp), n. [AS. toeorffteipe: tetorS
worth -(- -icipe -uliip.] 1. A title of honor, used in ad>
dresees to certain mAgiatrates, etc. a. The paying di-
Tine honors to the Supreme Being ; religious reverence
and homage. 3. Obaequiooa respect; extraragaut ad-
miration. ~ 9. t, limp. & p. p. wobshifbd (-s)iTpt) or
Worshifpbd; p. pr, St vb. n. WossHmxa or Wobshif-
roro.] 1. To pay divine honors to ; to adore ; to vener-
ate. 3. To honor with extravagant love and extreme
aabmlaaion, as a lover; to idolize.— v. i. To perform
acts of homage or adoration ; to perform religions ser-
vice. — Wor'shlp-ar, Wor'slilp-pcr, n.
Wor'tlllp-flll, a. Entitled to worship, high respect, or
honor ; — sometimes ironical. — Woi'fllU^flll-lyt adv.
Wont ( wQrat), a., fuperl. of BiLD. [AS. urierjl, wyrtt.
See WoKsa, a.] Bad or pemlcioua, in the highest degree.
— n. That which is most bad ; the most severe, pemi-
eioaa, or wicked state or degree.— v.<. To get the Setter
of; to defeat; to discomfort.
Wmt'td (wgist^ or wyr'stM), n. [Fr. Worried^
DOW spelled Worsteadt a town in Norfolk, England.]
Well-twisted yam span of long-staple wool, used for car-
pata, doth, hosiery, etc., also in knitting and embroidery.
Wort (wilrt), n. [AS. teyrt herb, root ; akin to L.
radix. Or. pC^a a root, and B. root.l 1. A plant of any
kind ; — now mostly used in oomponnds. 2. p/. CabI
Wortf n* [AS. tpyrte.\ An infosion of malt unfer-
mented,'or in the act of fermentaUon ; beer or any
similar liquid in a state of incipient fermentation.
Worth (wQrth), V. i. [AS. tpeorSan ; akin to L. ver-
tere to turn.] To be ; to become ; to betide ; — used only
in the phrases, woe worih the day, woe worth the man, etc.
_ .^ r--, ^ *. , X. Equal in value to;
ervingof. 3. Hav-
WortltfO. [AS. treor^, umr^.] 1. Equal in value to
amishing an equivalent for. 2. Deserving of . 3. Hav
ing possessions to the value of . — n. 1. Tliat quality of
a thiqg which renders it valuable or useful ; equivalent
In exchange; price. 2. Value in respect of moral or
personal qualities ; excellence ; virtue ; usefulness.
Syn.— Desert ; merit; excellence; price; rate.
WOfthl-ly (wdr'tfaT-iy), adv. In a worthy manner ;
excellently ; deservedly ; justly ; becomingly.
Wortlll-lieMt n. The beingworthy ; worth.
WorthOiM (wQrthISs), a. Destitute of worth ; hav-
Iiig no value, virtue, dignity, etc. ; undeserving ; vile ;
mean. — Worti&IOU-ly, adv. — WorthlOiS-n— ■, n.
WOTl]iy(wQr'tfaj^),a. 1. Having worth or excellence ;
Taluable; exeelleut; virtuous. 2. Having suitable or
equivalent qualities or value. — n. A man of eminent
worth ; one of conspicuous deeert. [know. I
Wot (w»t), obs. !«/ <b 3d perg. ting. pres. of Wit, to|
Would (wd6d), imp. of Will. [OB. & AS. wolde.]
Commonly used as an auxiliary verb, either in the past
tense or in the conditional or optative present.
Wound (wound), imp. & p. p. of Ist and 3d Wnro.
Wound (wSdnd or wound), n. [AS. tatnd ; akin to
AS., OS., A O. tpund sore, wounded.] 1. Hurt caused
by violence ; cut, stab, rent, etc. 2. An hijury to feel-
ing, faculty, reputation, etc. — v. I. 1. To hurt by vio-
lence ; to inflict a wound upon, lit. or flg. : to injure.
W0¥0 (w3v), imp. & rare p. p, of W«av«.
WOT'on (-'n), p. p. of Wbavs.
Wraok (rSk), n. A thin, flying cloud ; a rack.
Wraok, n. [OE. trraifc wreck.! 1. Any marine vege-
tation cast up on the shore. 2. Coarse seaweed.
Wraith (rEth), n. [Scot. ; prob. orig., a guardian
angel, fr. Icel. v'orSr guardian, akin to E. ward.) 1. An
apparition of a person seen before death, or a little after ;
specter ; vision. ISeot."] 2. Sometimes, improperly, a
spirit thotivrht to preside over the waters.
Wres'gla (rSn'gM), r. i. [OE. wrnnglen to wrestle.
Bee WaoHa.] To dispute angrily ; to brawl ; to altercate.
— n. A noisy quarrel ; squabble. — Wnn'glOT (-gl8r), n.
Wrap (rip), r. t. [A corrupt spelling of rap.'\ To
snatch up ; to transport ; — chiefly used iu p. p. wrapt.
WraPt V. t. [Prob. akin to E. warp.] 1. To wind
together ; to arrange in folds. 2. To envelop completely ;
to infold. 3. To conceal by enveloping; to hide.^f».
A wrapper ; — used in pi. for furs, shawls, etc
Wrap'por, n. 1. One that wrapa. 2. Envelope;
covering. 3. A kind of loose outer garment.
Wrath (rttth), n. [AS. wrSSSifo, fr. irra* wroth.]
1. Violent anger ; indignation ; rage : fury. 2. Punish-
ment of an offense. — Wrattlfnl« a. — Wrathfttl-ly, adv.
Syn. — Vengeance ; resentment ; passion. See Akokb.
Wrath'y, a. Very angry. [Co/to^.]
Wraok (rSk), V. t. [AS. wreean to revenge, punish,
drive out ; akin to L. uryere to drive, urge.] To execute
in vengeance or passion ; to inflict.
Wraath (rBth), n. / pi. Wbbaths (rStfas). [AS. wrBlf,
It. wriifan to twibt. See Wsithb.] 1. Something
twisted, intertwined, or curled. 2. A garland ; chaplet.
Wraotho (rStfa), v.t.Au [Written also wreath.} 1.
To twist ; to entwine. 2. To encircle ; to infold.
Wrack (rSk), n. [AS. tmec exQe, persecution, mis-
ery,fr.i0recon to drive out, punish. See Wrxax.] [Writ-
ten also wrack.'] 1. Destruction of a vessel by being cast
on shore, or sunk by winds or waves; shipwreck. 2. In-
jury ; ruin. 3. Miins of a ship stranded or rendered
useless, or goods cast upon the land from it. 4. Eemaina
of anything fatally injured.— v. /. 1. To ahipwreck (a
vessel). 2. To bring ruin upon by violence ; to destroy
(a railroad trahi, etc.). 3. To ruin ; to briny disaster on.
— V. i. 1. To suffer ruin. 2. To work upon a wreck,
as in saving property or lives, or in plundering.
Wraok'OgOt n. X A wrecking, or being wrecked.
2. That which has been wrecked ; remains of a
Wraok'or, n. 1. One who
cauaea a wreck. 2. One who *
searchea for, or works upon,
wrecks of vessels, etc., to save
life or property, or to plunder. 3.
A vessel employed by wreckers.
Wnn(r«n),f». [AS. iTfneniuz.l
A very small singing bird which
feeds on insects, etc., and is very
familiar with man.
Wranoh (HInch), n. [AS.
wrene deceit, a twisting ; akin
to E. tpring.] 1. A violent
twist ; pull with twisthig. 2. A
sprain. 3. Instrument for exerting a twisting strain, aa in
turning bolts, nuts, screw taps,
etc. — V. t jL To pull with a ^
twist ; to wrest, or force by ^
violence. 2. To strain ; to _ _, __ . -
sprain ; to distort ; to pervert Csrrisgs Wrench.
Wraot (rBst), V. t. [AS. wrSstan ; akin to E. wreath^
1. To turn ; to twist ; to extort by violence. 2. To turn
from truth : to pervert ; to distort. — n. LA wresting;
wrench: distortion; perversion. 2. Key to tune a
atringed Instrument — Wraot'or, n.
WrasniO ergs'*!), r. i. [AS. wrSMlian, freq. of frr«f-
tmn to wrest] 1. To contend, by gn^pling with, and
striving to throw down, an opponent 2. To struggle ;
to contend. — n. Art of two who wrestle ; a struggle.
- Wrao'tlor (riSsnSr). n.
Wratch (rSch), n. [AS. wrecea, fr. wreean to punish.
See Wrsak. ] 1. A miserable person ; one profoundly un-
happy. 2. One sunk in vice or degradation ; vile knave.
wretCh'Od, a. 1. Very miserable ; sunk in deep af-
fliction or distress, aa from want, imxiety, or grief ; calam-
itous ; very afflicting. 2. Worthless ; paltry ; mean. —
Wratoh'od-ly, mfr. — Wratoh'od-neos, n.
WrtTdO (rtg'gn), V. i. & t. [Akin to LO. wriggfln .]
To move to and fro with short, writhing motions, like s
worm ; to oquirm. — Wrlf'gler, n.
HouM Wren (Tro^^
dytn tMe'fion).
fSm, rec«nt, ttrb, r^da, f^^ lliii,«fdbd, f«R>t, out, oil, duir, (o, sing, i^k, then, thin.
41
WRIGHT
642
XYSTER
Wllgllt (rit), n. [AS. icyrhia^ fr. wyreean to work.]
One eugaged iu mechanical work ; artificer ; workman ;
— chiefly in oompoonda, aa in milluT^A/, wheeltpr^A/.
Wllnc (rTnff), v. t. limp, & p, p. Wbumo (rOng),
Ob9, Wriii«bd TrTngd) \p.pr,& vb. n. WBuraiira.] [AS.
wrinffon.} 1. To twiat and compreaa ; to turn and atrain
▼ioleutly ; to writhe ; to aqueeae hard ; to pinch. 2. To
diatreaa ; to torture. 9. To diatort ; to wreat. 4. To
extract by t wiating and oompreaaing ; to aqueeie (out) ; to
extort. 6. To anbject to extortion. -* v. i. To writhe.
WltafbOlf (-bSlt^), n. Bolt with which ahipwrighU
bend and aecure planka till tliey are made faat ; — not to
be confounded with ringboU,
Wrtng'er, n. 1. One that wring* ; an extofttoiwr.
S. A machine for preaaing water out of anything.
WllBldC (rTs^kl), n, [AS. wHtule.} 1. A amall
ridge or furrow ; corrugation ; creaae. 2. [Perh. a dim.
ot AS. wrene. See WRmcH, n.] A notion or fancy;
whim. iCoUog.l^v. t. A i. To contract into ridgea;
to corrugate. — wdll'kly (-klf )« a.
Witet (rTat). n. [AS. irritf ; perh. aUn to S. VfrUke,}
Joint between hand and arm ; the carpua.
WrisHNUld (rTata)and ; eotloq. rTsONind), n. Band
of the aleeve of a ahirt, etc., covering the wriat.
Writ (rTt)f obs. Bdpers, Hng. pre»., A archaie imp. St
&p, of Writb. — n. 1. That which ia written ; aorip-
e ; eep., the Old and New Teatamenta. %. An inatm-
ment under aeal containing direotiona to aperaon, iaaoed
by competent authority.
Write (ri^, V. t, iimp. Waon (r9t) ; p. p. Warrmr
(rtf^n) ; archaie imp. & p. p. Wirr (rit) ; h. pr. A vb.
n. WarriKo.] [AS. wfUan ; orig., to acratch, to acore.]
1. To aet down, aa legible charactera ; to inacrlbe on any
material. 2. To aet down for reading ; to communicate
by letter. 3. To impreaa durably ; to Imprint. 4. TO aa-
aert or record in writing, ^v. i. 1. To form charactera,
lettera, etc., aa repreaentative of aounda or ideaa. 2. To
be regularly occupied in writing, copying, or accounting ;
to act aa clerk. 3. To combine ideaa, imd expreaa than
in written worda; to compose. 4. To aend letter*. —
Wriftr,n.
WrttlM (ritii), v.t.&i. [AB. trK^ofi. Cf. Wbxath,
WiouLl To twiat ; to turn ; to wring ; — lit. or fig.
Writing (riting), n. 1. A forming lettera and char>
actera on paper, wood, atone, etc, to record ideaa or
oommunicate them to othera. 2. Anything written or
teBoomran
hirognq^y.
printed ; — aa a legal inatroment, a written oompoeitli
an inacription, etc. 3. Handwriting; ehirc
WHtlBg maehlBa, a typewriter. -Wrttl^
intondea for writing upon with ink.
WrOBf (rSng), a. [AS. wnmp, n. ; originally, awry,
wrung, fr. wringam to wring.] 1. Not according to the
lawa of good morale; not juat; not true; not legal. 2.
Not fit or auitable ; notaooordingtomle; improper; in-
correct. 3. Not aoooiding to fact or intent; miataken;
erroneoua. 6. Deaigned to be worn or placed inward.
87n. — InJQrioua;aiiiaat; faulty; detrimental; nnflt.
•-OMifr. In a wrong manner ; not rightly : amiaa ; erro-
naooaly. ~n. Thai which ia not right; diadbedience to
lawful authority, divine or human ; deviation from duty ;
departure from troth; error; injury. —v. I. 1. To do
injnatice to ; to hijura. — Wnmgfljt adv. — Wroag'-
WrQWtol,a. Full of wr
fftir. — wmctaM:
WrQBrbMid'«d(v
Wrote (rOt). imp.
b rough or crude.
r (rdaff),imp.Ap.p.
tive.] 1.
One who doea wrong,
wrong ; injurioua ; uojuat ; an>
. iy, adv. [verae. I
WrOBgniMld'ed (-Md'Sd), a. Wrong in opinion ; per-|
Wrote (rOt), imp. & arehttU p. p. of Wbitb.
Wrath (rRth), a. FAS. wrM wroth, crooked, bad;
akin to vHtfai to wrtthe, and to OS. vriS aagiy. Cf.
WaATB.1 rullof wrath; much exaaperated ; wrathful;
angry ; woenaed*
Of wosx. ^o« woTKea ; eiaocK
rate; noti
WrvBff
of Wano.
(rf), a. [Campar. Wbib
'; tuperL Wbibt.1 [Akin
to AS. wrigiam to dnve.]
Turned to one ilde; twiat
diatorted. 2. Miadirected ; out
of place. 3. Wreated; per-
verted. — Wry'lMMi, n.
WmMOk^lrl/nOian. 1.A
twiated or diatorted nedc 2. An
Old World bird allied to the
woodpecker, which twiata ita
neck In a dngular manner.
Wre ( wl), n. ; pi. Wwa (wli).
1. The letter T. 2. A kind of
Y-ehaped orotoh need aa a mpport.
Wryaaek
(J^ritfmrg*mtO.
X.
ZlBlhlO(iIn'thTk),a. [Or. ^a»«^ yeOow.] 1. Tel-
kmiah ; oraiwe. 2. Pert, to xanthfo acid, or to xanthia.
Zaathk ad£ a rolorleaa oil, producing yellow aalta.
Xan'tlllB (-thTn \n. Yellow inaoluUe coloring matter
extracted from yellow flowers, eap. from madder.
XanlhOIUi (-thiia), a. Yellow ; deaignating raoea of
man having yHlowiah, red, aubnm, or brown hair.
llZan-tllOZ'y-llim (-thSk^T-IOm), n. [NL., fr. Or.
^9aS6^ -f ^vAor wood.] Prickly ahrub, whoae bark and
roota have a Heep yellow color ; prickly aah.
Ze'beo (xS^bSk), n. [Pg. xabeeo ; fr. Turk, tumbtki^
At. tamb&k n nnall abip.] A amall three-maated veaael,
oaed in the Mediterraneim.
ZerlC ( »r^0» »• An Arab prince.
Zlpll'old (zTt'oid), a. [Or. iu^otiB^ aword-ahaped ;
^c^ 4- «2&>f form.] Shaped like a aword ; enaiform ;
awnrd-Khaped.
Xyl^HMl^Mms (iinft-kiiKpSK), a. [Xylo- (fr. Or.
^vAo*" wood )-j-Qr. Kopir^ fruit. ] Bearing hard or woody
fniit.
Xylo-fen (-Jfti), n. [Xylo- -f -gen."] ia) Naacent
wood ; wood celU in a forming state. (6) lignin.
Tn»^[ntfk {jAnt-fpM), n. iXyl<h-\' •graph.'] Ab
engraving on wood ; print made by the proceaa of xylog-
Zy-Wkl-Plqr (it-lBg'rA.fy), n. {Xylo- -4- -graphy.^
1. Art of engraving on wood. 2. The making priuta
from the natural grab of wood. 3. A printing in colora
upon wood for houae decoration. — Xy-lOf^rB-piier, n.
Xy-10|S?a.f«Ml(xt-l»r'A-<r«a),a. [Or. ^,Ao^>o« eat-
ing wood ; ^vAov wood 4- ^oycir to eat.] Eating, boring
Into, or deatroying wood ; — aa inaect larv», cruataceana,
etc.
XylO-^hone (iWft-fSn), n. {Xylo- + Or. ^mni aound.]
Amuaicalinatru-
ment conaisting
of graduated
atripa of wood {
or glaaa, which
are atruck with Xjlophooe.
amall haromera.
Xyel«(zTa^r),n. [Or. ^Nmfp aeraper.] Sogkal
inatrument for acraping bone*.
ft, 8, 1, S, a, long ; m e, f , 5, 0, t« •hort ; aan2te, «vent, tdea.'dbay, finite, cAre, llrm, Aak, «]1, flnaL
643
YET
Y.
r Y, — » » tdletffipA wippott, A blfttrottteil
T (iiTh n, _
like tho ]«tC0r
ptp« flUiiu;, etc.
¥aciit ^ > ?J t >t ff .
LIf ht tesjM;! f or [ilNk^
Qr* tKr«. raciuffi etc*
SaJUhie tor pleuun
in it y»{:ht!;
uiJTU)^ Fi. One mIio
ciimiiH(>r**iln*yHifi|it.
TA'f er f VR'ger or
atuit«r« fr^ jfjtftTH la
cbue.1 Que £>f a
hadf of iiFTht ii)f 4atr7
unwl with rlflesy
^ ¥«k ( y s ii ), II.
CTlilbctAu ffi/iiff.'] Ox-like AnJmi] or Gtintinl Atlik
Tam t.Vlin)T "■ [!*(?. fiiAjin*f H } TmpK iU t:|iiiiblnK plMit,
wbOBtr liilMjr i» imCrJtinuA food \ slIbd, the rwjt itwlL
Yui'kM (ylii'k*), n. f Perh. a ijorxupt. of tb» woM
En0i*h {Of FTpuoIi ^l/Tj;;Dij)bf AmDririiLn Iiidiftm j i»rlL
eotmih of JoFiiffl, tJimiiK of Ji>A», a nicktiJimu ulTen to
ih« Enf^liah ritlcmidU of Conueetlcut by ttie l>utcb st^tclert
of ¥ltw Vntrk.] N'li^kiinin' fi>r a omivf of New EnKlam^it
QT of tbe Nart^u^ni 8Utes ; nppUod by foreigti^rt t» 4uy
lDh*MUnt of the TJjitUjd Bt«tR4,
Y»p (yBp)t F^ & n* [I eel. fjjfUpfi ; mkld to Eh If^p*] T*lp.
fAS., "^
Tacbt.
Tart ^jiiTd), N.
^ - „ - /, ffjCJv/, * rod, atiuk,
ure, rf^rd'l I* AmpHraii an J ^lalkb aUuiUAril ■□
ol length (3 feet or 3A liK'lieftJ^ 3- A Loug, lieDder tim-
ber to mippoirt iitid cKtfind a i.bl|»*i mUh
Tart, n. [A 8. jTe'/nf ; Akin to L. Aorfia f^nnlf o^ Gr.
X<fpTv? luclomw*] 1, lacloflun^ laclo*«l pliw?e, e*p.
ftroimd A booH or bam. {v^bm^Va yard. I
Tart'prui^ (-Urtn'Kn. BUh«rh»]f Of AHquarerlflgedi
Tart'fltlak' (--trt')* Tart'waiia^ <-«^*a )* i^ A.
Jitl«fc a yard Ea ledfith, u«c-d to iq^a<^ur« clotb, 9U.
Tarn CyMm), n. [kf^. ijmm.} 1. Spun wool ? thT«ad
forwvniin^, knittlniif etc, 1. A Btory «pun out [Collofj.}
Tu'ro W (y Sr'rS ), ja . [AS. gffjrwr. ] .V Jiroiiwtic com-
po«it4' pUfit^ lined in bijiking bei^ft or dried f_pT emokinK.
Tafa-fban (yKt'i^i^Kti), n. [Turk. yd^aj^Aan.] An
ftUAboii, or TurklJib diiFr«(er.
Tanp (> ar), r. i. [Hm Yjlp.^ To cry out nke a ehild
Jn dUtr«u ; to yelpv — a* Cry of dlttivM, r««e, #.to.
Taw (yjl), p. ^. Jt ^ [Etyinol. uncertalD,! To itear
vlldi or out of tmr couth ; — nld of h mhlp,
Tawl (y«l), n- n>-M Cf. JoLLTbDAf.lAitilpVnakl]
bout, tuuiUly rowed by fowr or alu oaru. LAIm j^wf^l
TawL *'. i' [led, ^f/j'iM to low,} To howl % to veil.
TaWQ {yun), f^, f. [A^, ffSnidrfi ; akin to L, hi^re.}
1. To open tbe montb Ini^ohintjirily, Azid draw a dei^p
breatli, througb drowAl*iHM, diillneJint or fatlgucH 1. To
Dp<^n wide ; to gape. 3. To open the moutb tn Aag«r
d enl r(^. — h , Act of yn wnlnR;
Tawa {yM)i *** [Afrlcai> j^mr mRpberry,] A dliMMi
OtiCuirlDg in the Antilles and' In Africa. rliaTact*dj!ft4 bj
contagious tninarti, oft^^n r«einblinjf mmpbeiTieB.
T-uapad' (t-kl^pt '),/). n. [AS* ff^f^Upo^f. p. p. of ctfpinn
tocn^Ll ChlM; tmmed. [(?dj,or^rrA«tf] [Alaowc^^pf.l
T*, Fa (tbB : jtotur/fm?* incorrect ^v y^\ old fomi of
the (A9. ^), Ibe "y *^ twins uand fnr Uie Old Kngliih }?.
Ts (yB>, pron [AS fff.fff-l Flaral of the pronoun
of the necoiid p^nou In the nomloaUTa caae.
Toa (3'3 or yt), silv. [A8. ge& ; aUn to O./a.] X. Yaa ;
ay. ^e Yb. S. More tiiati UiU e n^^toolyso, but.— it.
All afflriiiatHe vola or roter. [(ofTapring). I
T«an [^^13 >, v, t.&L [A3. eAnifjn.l To bring forth |
Taar (yir). n* [AS. j^rAt ; nkiit toO.yoAr, Or. Apaa
se-aaon, part of the dAy^ hourt Jitpoi yt^itr.l 1. Period occu-
pied by the eisrth iu revolviiiig axouaa the sun. — now
computed AB 305 dayi^, or bi «very f iMiirth year (called M«-
«tf^ii#i or fifr^p ii^r) 3ij4^ dayi. 1. Time iq which any
pbuiet reTol 7*^11 about the lun. 3. /</. Old age.
T«Ar^t»ook' iy^vnobW}, fi. Biiok publiahed yearly ;
tinnnuiry ot tlie atatiiticza of a year.
TaaT'llllf (-Hug)* n. An anicubkl in ita aecond year.
Tmt ^?i^ a^ I- HappeulDiE or tUutt every year ; annual.
SL LflAlm^ a year* — aar. Annuuily.
Team iy^ni)* f. i. [AS. jjT&fw^^ri ", fr. geom deairooa,
^-u'-^'r.] To b« oiled with JoDf^hitr iit"^ire ; to be eager.
Yeaat (yi«t^, n- [Aa. ^i^t ; ^Ln to Or. Ciir to boil.]
V iiUL, froth, or M?dlaii*iit of beer or other liquor in fer-
oieDtatlmi ; prepanitioD for raiaiiig dough; ferment.
T«lk(yRUe), Fi. Yolk.
YeU (yfl}i f* ^ ^ '' [A3. ^UlUin,'\ To cry out, or
thrii5ki with a bideotu uoCm ; to acream, aa with agony
or horror. ^ n- A aharp* loudf liirfeii'ua outcry.
Tallow (yeilftK a. [AS. moit^ . akin to L. helvtu
light bay* Or. x^b^ yoiiiiR vtnlure, j^Xm^ greeniah yel-
low. €r. Galen bUter liquid, tioLO, Yolk.] Being of a
bri|rhtaatrroiiUk<? color; of tiie K^olor of gold or braaa;
liAvinp; tbi? hue of th^t fiEirt of tiie rail ifx>w between orange
and i^reon. ^n. A ydliow ctulor or ^»igment.
T«Ilow farar, a iDiaiKiiiLot, couU^iL^uA. febrile diaeaae of
wanii cliriiLit*j«. pr&lucinff a yellow lolor of the akin. —
T&llQw jack, {'j) Yellow fever, {hi Tlie quarantine flag.
YttllDW-blrt^ (-tiinl'), n. in) The American gold-
fijich. E^r thijstli^ bird, ih) Tire trtiminon vellow warbler.
TMlow-tuun'Biar ( hJEia'tuSr), iu [For yeUow-au^
tTf<^r ; tnumrr U fr. A», amfjre a kJnd ^)f bird.]
0 f ) A CO I LI I uo n Eufop^an Ant h. t '■^ ) Ti h^ flicker.
iloc»l, U.S.]
Tollow-^taa^a. Soiay-
Yallowi M*t% n.
Dtiieiu^i- tA the bile hi cat-
tK caiiitiup^ yRl]QTrii«fii,of
till* eyoft ; Jnimdire.. .^Sf^ *<* _l1
Teip (ySlp>. » . *. [Aa. *T^ ^ T '
Eii.k -briny; to jay p.- '^"'TC">*±wi?"*'u.';i^'*'
h, Shtirp, qiilrk ^lyx Lrk. *^^" <-i'r6.«Ba). Male.
II Ton ly^n). If. Japanea^ unit of Talne, — the gold
yon v^ iTth ii>Mtiit $]^ the eilrer yfiii itl^out 73 conta.
Tflo^mui b&'Tn(Ti>>. n. [ l>"o- ill nf uncertain origin.]
1, A conmifDn himi of a rtpftpectabU^ claaa; freeholder.
8. A fthip'i! offl«:(<r charged with the stowage and diatribu-
tiotl (if BtCt**fl-t *t<^+
YeO^man-ry t-ff )^ «■ Tnornen 4i>]lectiTely.
Yerk i>?rk>, ti, & n. Jfrrli.
Yes ryFfl^, orfv. [AS. ^7WAr, ifj^r , prob. fr. geh yea -|-
j;jr rj ?-^. 1 Ay ; v«i i — flipreaminir iiiTi rmation or conaent.
Y«''tflrfyFi/ier|,fr. \js*l : limtpr^-.r ; pert, to yesterday.
Tea'ter-day t -<ifi >t ri . [A 9. f?^ o^/ * nm dxg^ f r. geottran,
iit'ifttfi, yf!pt*frrlay {nkln to G, tjr^tmi, L. heH yeaterday,
Or. x^'^^ + '^'"^ dtty.l 1- Tli^ fU> last past; day next
before th^'pr^H^nt, 2 A titEie not Ioiigpaflt.-*adi'. On
the dr!,v pn?H'4*iJfni3rtiMl«y.
Yea'tQr-tllgbt ( ~nW ),n. Ti i e n i ght last paat
Yet (vpt\ ft^hr [AS* m/f* ff'*"*" ■ »Wn to O. ietzOy
ji-tzL'] L In adiliilon; ftiPther; ^N^sidea; still. 3. At
ibi! «4iMe tliTLi? { by conCiniunee fn^m a former state.
fSrn, recent, ttrb, r^de, f^^ Hm, ftfbd, fdM, out, oU, ehair, go, aliis, iQk, tt&en, tbia.
YEW
644
ZEND
.I8JMP'' *
8. Thus far; hitherto; until now. 4. Erentuallv; in
time. 6. Even; — used emphatically. ^ coi»y. Never-
tbeleea; notwithstanding; however.
Syn. — See Howstsb.
Tew (u), n. [AS. edWf iu>, eoA.] 1. An evergreen
tree, tUlied to the pines,
but having a berrylike
fruit instead of a cone.
2. The elastic wood of
the yew.
TMA (ySld), v. t.
[AS. gietdant to pay,
give, restore, make an
offering.] 1. To give
in return for labor ex-
pended; to produce, as
payment or interest on
what is expended or in-
vested ; to pay. 2. To
afford : to render ; to
give forth. 3. To give
up; to surrender; to v««r^7i,«,./^.w.#«\
lii^iquish. 4. To ad. V ew ( 7a«« 6accato).
mit to be true ; to concede. 6. To permit ; to grant. —
V. i. 1. To give up the contest ; to surrender ; to give
wav. 2. To comply ; to assent. 3. To give place as in-
ferior. — n. Amount yielded ; product. — YUHiUfn^ n.
TlallllnVt «• Inclined to yield ; flexible ; compliant.
8 jn. — ToLDnro : Obsbquious ; AriBfinva. — One may
be attentive or yielding without sacrifice of his dignity;
obsequious implies excessive and mean compliances.
To'dol (y5'd«l), )v. t. & i. limp. & p. p. Todelsd,
To'dla (y^d'!), I Tooled ; p. pr. & vb. ». Yodblimo,
TooLOfo.] [O. jodeln."] To sing with sudden changes
from the head voice, or falsetto, to the chest voice, and
the contrary. — n. A song so executed.
Toks (ySk), n. [AS. geoc; akin to L. Jugutn, Or.
gryov, and to L. jungere to join. Or. ^tvytnivai.! 1.
Wooden frame Joining two oxen at the beads or necks for
drawing together. 2. A frame resembling an ox yoke,
or worn on the neck like one ; frame connecting parts.
3. A chain : link ; bond of connection. 4. A mark of
■ervitude ; slavery ; bondage. 6. Two animals yoked to-
gether ; couple ; pair. — v. t. 1. To put a yoke on ; to
join with a yoke. 2. To couple. 3. To enslave ; to re-
strain. —I', i. To be intimately connected ; to mate.
Yolk (y 51k or y5k), n. [AS. geoloca. It. geolu yoUow. ]
[Written also ye/A;.] 1. Yellow part of an egg. 2. Oily
secretion covering tne wool of sheep.
Ton (y5n), a. [AS. geon.'\ At a distance, bat withtai
view. —adv. Yonder. lOb*. or Poetic]
Ton'Oer (ySn'dSr), adv. [See Yoh.] At a distance,
but within view. — Ton'tfer, a. Being at a distance
within view ; that or those there ; you.
Tore (y5r), adv. [AS. geira ; akin to oetfr, B. yoor.]
In time long past ; long since. [Obx. or Poetic]
Ten (u), wron. \Poueu. YouB (ur). or Yovbs (ur») ;
dot. & o<>9. Yon.] [AS. r^tr, used as dat. & ace. ot pe,
gCt ye.] Pronoun of tlie second person, in the nomixia'
live, dative, and objective ease, indicatii^ the person or
persons addressed.
Toanc (y&ng). a. [Compor. Yovkoeb (yfiQ'pSr) ; an-
perl. YouMOBST (-gSst).] [AS. geong; skin to O. jung,
L juveneu*^ jureni*.] X Mot long bom ; notyet arrived
I at adolescence, maturity, or age ; juvenile. 2. Being in
I the first period of growth. 3. Having little experience ;
un practiced ; weak. ^n. The offspring of animala.
With yonac, with child ; pregnant.
Toimg'er (y iin'^ 2r), n. One who is younger ; a junior.
Tonng 'tah (yuiigOsh), a. Somewhat youiur.
Teona'aler (-etJTr), n. A young person. (CoHoq.]
ToVB'ker (yOa'kgr), n. [D. Jonker.Jonkheer .Jong
young -f heer a lord, sir.] A youth. [06#. or Coltog.}
Tear (ur), oron. & a. [AS. edver^ oiig. used as gen.
of gf,ge,ye.] Fossesftive case of you,— written yours when
the noun to which it refers Is implien^ti <iot expressed.
Tevr-Mlf '(tr-eai'),/>ron. ;pl. -tm^VMBi'tiSlx sO. Empha-
sized or reflexive form of the pfeooun of tlie 2d person.
Teiltll (oth), n. ; pi. YoiriHS (uths) or collectively
TovTR. [AS. gcomtSt geogo8 ; akin to Q.Jugend. Sea
YouKO.] 1. The ' "'^ '^ "**
of 111
part
life.*
being young; juvenility. 2. The early
esp., a youns man.
3. A young person ....
Telltllflllt <^ !• Mot yet mature or' sged ; young.
2. Pert., or suitable, to early life. 3. Fresh ; vigorooa.
— TentlKfia-ly, adv.^YoaXbftal-mmB, n.
Syn. — Youthful : Pubbilb ; Juvkkilb. —Puerile is al-
ways used derogstonly, or to imply what is suitable to a
boy only. Juvenile is sometimes used in the same way,
as in contrasting youth vrith manhood. Fouihful is aran-
monly employed in a good sense, or in extenuation.
Tttrl-nm (Tt'trT-6m), n. [NL., ft-. Ytterbj, in
Sweden.] A rare metaUic element of the boron-alnmin-
lum group.
Tale (ul), n. '[AS. ge6l; akin to ge6la December or
January, loel. I'Ol Yule, Sw. Jul Christmas.] Christmaa
or Christmas-tide.
T-wlM' CT-wTs'), adv. [AS. ^rt> certain ; akin to E. irtt
to know.] Certainly ; most likely ; truly ; probably. [Obf.]
Z.
ZaSfUnc (xXf'fSr), n. [P. ta/re; prob. of Arabic ori-
gin.] A blue pigment composed of crude cobalt oxide.
Zam'ln-dar' (zSm'Tn-dSr'), n. [Hind. & Per. zamftt-
dSr^ lit., land holder.] A kind of Bast Indi i landowner ;
a kind of feudatory paying revenue to tlie government.
Za'ny (zS'nj^), n. [it. zanni^ orig. same as Giovanni
John, i. e., merry John.] A merry-andrew ; buffoon.
Zeal (zSI), n. [F. s^le; L. zelus^ Or. ^rjAof .] Passion-
ate ardor in pursuit of anything ; eagerness in favor of a
person or cause ; enthusiasm ; fervor.
Zeal'Ot (zSl'ttt), n. One who is zealous; one over-
zealous ; an enthusiast ; fanatical partisan.
Zoal'Ot-ry, n. Character and behavior of a zealot.
Zeal'OOS (zSl'iis), a. Filled with erM ; ardent in behalf
of an object. — Zeal'oaa-lT, adv. — Zeal'eos-iieM, n.
ZelMO (zS^bSk), n. Xebec.
Ze'bra (-br4), n. [Pg. ; prob. f r. native African name.]
A South African wild home having tlie body yellowish
white, marked with blackish bands.
ZeHni (zS'bu), n. [F. zibu.] Small animal of the ox
kind, extensively domesticated in Asia and Africa.
Za'clilll (iSliTn),
K lequin.
Zed(i«d),«. FF.]
(H-r Z ; — cailed
rte^ioTm.izzard.
Zed'c-a-
doaire. fr.
Ax. * Per.
zed war.]
An East In-
dia medid-
nalaromatic
stimulant.
(s8nd), n. [See ZBRD-AvsnA..] The i
Persian dialect in which the Avesta is wntten.
Zebu, Usle and Female.
a, S, 1, 5,11, long ; Ji, «, 1, 5,0, t, short ; sniftte, tvent. Idea, 6bey, Unite, oftre, ttnn, ask, ftO, flaoL
ZEND-AVESTA
645
ZYMOTIC
iZm^'A-wmfttL {and'k-rUnA), n. [Prop., the
Avesta, or aacrsd text, and its send, or interpretftticm.]
The aacred writlnga of the ancient Persian religion.
Z^'ldtll (iS'uItb), n. [F. tSnith^ 8p. Menit, abbr. fr.
Ar. Jtamt'Ur-ra* way of the head, vertical plaoe ; *ami
way -^ at th9 4- rtu bead. Cf. Aximuth.] X Point of
the heayena directly OTorhead ; — opp. to nadir. 2.
Point of culmination ; height of success or prosperity.
Zt^h'yr (zfif'Sr), n. IQr. ^c^vpoc, akin to <o^
darkness, west.] The west wind ; sott, gentle breeze.
Zephyr yarn, or worsted, a fine, soft lund of yam or
worsted, — used for knitting and embroidery.
Z^n (zi'rd), n. ; pi. Zeros (-r5z) or ZxBon. [It.,
fr. Ar. ^a/run^ ^i/run, empty, a cipher.] 1. A cipher ;
nothing ; naught. 2. Point from which the graduation
of a scale begins, ns in a thermometer.
Zwt (z«st), n. [F. teste^ prob. fr. L. schUto* split,
Or. tf^^^^t ^* ^^*^ to cleave.] 1. Orange or lemon
rl, or aromatic oil from it, used to flavor liquor, etc.
Appetixer ; relish. — v. t. To give a relish or flavor to.
U WXM. {tVik or zi'tA), n. [L., fr. Or. (^o.] A
Oreek letter [Q corresponding to our x.
Zang^lBA (zug'mi), n. [Or. ^tvyitau, it. ^tvyvvvM to
yoke, join. See Toul] A figure by which an adjective
or verb, which agrees with a nearer word, is, by way of
•applement, referred also to another more remote.
Zmu (zus), ft. Chief deltv of the Greeks, and ruler
of the upper world. He was identified with JnpUer.
Zn/ct I (iTb^t), fi. [It. tibeUo. See Cnm.] An
Ztb'etll I Asian carnivorous mammal akin to the civet.
Zlf lUK' (zTg'zig'), n. [F., fr. O. xickzack, it. nacke
tooth.] Something that has sliort turns or any^les. «— a.
Having short, sharp turns ; running this wav and that.
^v.t. A L {imp. Ap'P' ZiaBAO«BO (-zigd') ; p.pr.St
vb. n. Zmsaooimo.] To form, or move, with short turns.
ZlAO (xTD^)t *>• \M' '<n^t prob. akin to ginn tin.]
An easily fusible bluish-wliite metal, malleable when
heated. It is not easily oxidized in moist air. — r. /. limp.
A p. p. ZufCKBD or ZuroxD (zTfikt) ; p. pr. & vb. n.
ZiMCKuro or Zxhcwo (sTskTng).] To coat with xino ; to
galvanise.
Zlnok^ (xTnk']^), a. Pert, to, or like, zinc.
Zlno'OllS (ziQknis), a. 1. Pert, to, or containing,
xinc 2. Electro-positive. [A gypsy. I
B Zln'fa-ro (zTQ'gi.r«J, n. ; pi. Zinoari {-ri). [It.]
ZlBiry (zTnk'y), a. Zincky.
Zl'on (zl'fiin), n. [Heb. tsfydn, orig., a hill.] 1. A
hill in Jerusalem, the royal residence of David and his
■nccessors. 2. The theocracy, or church of Ood.
ZIl'OOB (zSrOi9n), n. [F. 1 Mineral found in crjrstalis
usually gray or brown. A red variety is the gem hyacintji.
Zltll'tr (zTth'Sr}, n. [O.] A Oerman musical instru-
ment, connsting of wires strung across a sounding-board.
Z</dl-ao (zO'dT-Ik), n. [F. zodinatie^ fr. L. todiaeui^
Or. {iH^tac^ (sc. «v«Ao(), fr. ^(fjtov. dim. of ^mot animal,
fii¥ to live.] (n) An imaginary belt in the heavens, in
which is the ecliptic, or Run*s path. It comprises the 12
constellations, from which are named the 12 signs of the
zodiac ib) A figure representhig the •Igna, aymbdla,
and constellations of the zodiac.
Zo^'arOaKzt-dFi-kal), a. Pertainfaig to, or situated
within, the zodiac.
II aMU^e-rtln' (ts^Kfe-rin'), n. [O., fr. zoll duty +
verein union.] A customs union among the Oerman states.
Zone (z9n), n. [F. ; L. tona^ Or. ^ki|.] 1. A girdle;
an encircling band. 2. One of the five great divisions of
the earth, with respect to latitude and temperature.
Zones of the Earth.
Zo^lTta-phy (z«-Qgfr4.f j^), n. [Zo3- (fr. Or. ^^
Bxdmal) + -graphy.l Description of animala.
Z&M (zB'oid), a. [Zoo- + -oJc/.] Pert. to. or like,
an animal, ^n. 1. An organic body or cell having
locomotion. 2. (o) An animal in an inferior stage of
development, (b) One of the individual animals in a
composite group, — as in the anthozoans or hydroida.
Zo4a'0-f7 (-Vit-m, n. [Zoo- -f -togy.) Natui
history of anfanals, their structure, classification, habits.
distribution, etc. — Zo-U'O-glSt, n. ~ Zo'tf-lOfkHU
(zS'ft-lBJI-kal), a.
Zo-ttph'a-fOIUi (^f'A-glis), a. [Or. ^tfoitdyos; <<^
-\-^aytw to eat.1 Feedhig on animals.
Zodt-I^yte (4-nt), n. [Or. ^Wo^vroi' ; <<^ -f- ^vt6v
plant.] An invertebrate animal resembliuR a plant, — as
corals, sea anemones, etc. — Z&\i-Vhjtfki (-tTtOli), a.
ZODftTO (zw&v or zS&-KvOi n. [F., fr. Ar. Zounoua a
tribe of Arabs.] One of a body of soldiers in the French
service, orig. Arabs, but now Frenchmen in Arsb dress.
ZmmdS (zoundz), inier^. [Contr. fr. Ood^t wounds.']
Exclamation formerlv used as an oath.
II Zy-gO'&Ui (it-f S'mi), n. [Deriv. of Or. Cvy6¥ yoke.]
Cheek bone. — Zyc'O-llUltIC (itg^t-mWlk or zi^R^-), a.
Zy^On-ltO (zi15n-it), R. [Or. ^vAorwood.] Celluloid.
Zyme (zim), n. [Or. ^ti/ti) leaven.] 1. A ferment.
2. The morbific principlo of a zymotic disease.
Zy-lllOl'0-gy(zt-mW'«-jyj,»i. [Zym< -f 4o^.] Sci-
ence of the fermentation of liquors.
Zy-motno (zt-m9tTk), a. [Or. ^vfimrtK6t causing to
ferment, fr. ^vftovr to ferment, fr. C*'M^.] 1. Pert, to,
or caused by, lermentation. 2. Pert, to zymotic disease*.
Zymotie dlssass. an affection produced hy a morbific
principle or organism acting on the system like a ferment.
ften, recent, 6rb» r^de, f yll, Am, food, f«M»t, out, oil, diair, go, sizas, ink, ttzen, Uain.
PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY
or
BIBLICAL, CLASSICAL. MYTHOLOGICAL, HISTORICAL, AND
GEOGRAPHICAL PROPER NAMES.
ABBREVLkTIOXS ViiED IS THIS VOCABULARY.
C. Cliwifl Hklary* Ot»itiiy>J» —J Mjlfcriiigj.
E. EffTpttaa HiiCory, GMfrnhy, Md M Ttkotao-
If. Hindoo BMmj, Qmotimthf, ami Myfi iltigj
jr. Mo6mtu EMary tmd Gmgra^kj.
jr. ■««■• Hatoty, Go«fnph7, Md II
■on. — FoniBBi
juwij*- ix'^.d. jr.
Miiiiiniliitytto
L I'brA-hAm. J. Ai
L I'bmm. A
U i^^^Bm: -In.
A".
Lit^iuiiAi, jr
Ifcitii—. f T I ir ' IT.
*fr ;**'V«k^. If,
Ainr4ir>4, #.
AMviflr. i t^M'rir, S.
_. tljl^fllfn, /;.
i^^'■T-*^l^itH /v.
AbUtjU^ 4^'^•M^J JS.
AL.kt*ib an'mi^ki, a.
Atll*F, «.l>'r,Iir. /I
Abo. ■'t»r,i /^i. Abp, »'l*^ V.
AlMMihiwr Ai^vtlr '*/ AtmMlr
I Afkate. 4-U'j^ Jl « a
li^H#^^ IT,
Aetelou. ir^l^'b*, C 1^ jr.
tii. '.:
inifi, c.
>< A«T&, EV'rA, IT.
i'ltSf^-S'Wf. If.
Ik-U-'^n 1 A«t*v, fk-
AAeK AMi. /?
AdAlf . A^lit'. V.
AdJllK, ly 4-Et'*, @V l^i'7»«,
.V
Aduq, M'am. a
.*/
AdAT, I'^iUr. A
A4«l,*'Jfl''^ JfVhM^Mjll'r If.
Al34lftt4a. H'P-Jli. M.
AdflUr^, ArlVI-Ard. i»r At^tl-
:i liiBniiMi AHi»rT-««'«rk. A.
^ AAealnm l»1 JVnTrftm^ Jl.
.■■■If-r-'.Jf,
Id' ri-mn-it'-
L -«Ti-a'ani, er
^Bir'ttwaDi. ft. * c
■ ' ' IL WrT-ift^'pl, IT.
4-HBriAsi. £-
ahUu. rr^'«a ft,
f-ifTltl, ft
?->*'*: ^H, -On; -v.
ll>^ lf'4'^ ;
JEiitm
C.
I. r-ft*'ia», f.
Atd* C^rfl., m- I*r?T If.
A^»u. i^-:li*»^ ft.
Aj^cDvrt. \ jMk^Ap'. jr.
Acl^iA. 1.- i '1.4 -▼ At^i'fCC.
A^on. 4j' -'L C
Acilpvtiu^ A«^Hfl''«A. C.
AfvUu. i-r^ IlK, M,
Aw. i^lfr. A,
£U^ I^b. ft;
AbAlA. A-hmi. C
AAu^ld. A^lliKlbfi it-
Akiff. i'rHi, ft:
AbuBL 4-hAi'l-t. ft-
AhmgiMh. i lil-iT't. ft-
AUAh. t-M^ii. ^.
AUaa A-hT'lm, ft.
^i, iihlKlm, ft.
LA-Moi'M^lt.ftL
I. ft=.hTn''-^tnn|, ft.
ft, S, I, 9, «l, long ; ft, 6, 1, 5, tt, f , short ; Moftte, Srent, tdea, 6bey, Onite, cftre, ttnu, 4«k, «U, flnoL
B, Biblical; C, CUwical; J?, BgyptUa ; H, Hindoo; Jr, Modem; 2^, Horn. [Bae Abo?«.1
(M6) -
AHITDB
647
APENNINUS
AliiMd, i'ltifcT^i/i Actiut. i1t'»
III- [. M
AluDAdnqicoj, k- mi:d-uUg'g.tt,
M
M.i'\. It
W
Ala. I'^lTi, /I. . M, JT
A^«, liK V.
Autlo. a-^ Uil'CJiu, X.
A, &h. I' Jr. ^.
A if. u'jOv .«,
J^AJir I 'kin, A.
, I'M r-tnln. If.
I JLI«xli. d'lFki^Ti. C. fe JT.
I MAerl. lil f?'ll-rf. J/.
JUnmire. 41-iMr' va^ ur AlnrblA,
Al^ft. 41 Jf hi', if.
Ah. 11* L\ .If.
Aiiife. uri. /?
Allcuit. 11-1 k »/i t '' .i>r Allcvta ,
Aliiburt., li'if ^'^.«''T<i, .If.
AllllU. i'kiSVncM, .V.
Al&bui*, il i'tu'-nii. Jf.
Alwidia. ^-iM^iUn ; A^*iti. Alft-
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B, Biblical ; C, Olanioal ; E, Egyptian ; i^, Hindoo ; M, Modern ; A^, Noras. [8m p. 646.]
A
PRONOUNCING VOCABULARY
OF
BIBLICAL, CLASSICAly, MYTHOLOGICAL, HISTORICAL, AND
GEOGRAPHICAL PROPER NAMES.
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS VOCABULARY.
B. Blblioal History and Oeognpby.
C. OlaMioal History, Oeognphy, and Mythology.
B. £ffyptimn History, Oeogrmphy, snd Mythology.
U, Mindoo History, Qeography, and Mythology.
M. Modem History and Oeography.
N, NorM History, Geography, and Mythology (including Old G«nnan).
Hon. — Foreign sounds are represented by the Knglish sounds most nearly eoniTalant.
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AHITUB
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B, Biblical ; C, Glanioal ; £, Egyptian ; H, Hindoo ; if, Modem ; A^, Norae. [See p. 646.]
APHAREUS
648
AUDENARDE
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J9, Biblical ; C.Glaaaical; JSr,Bgjptiuk; i^, Hindoo; if, Modern ; JSr.Norae. [8e6p.r.4<i0
AUDERA
649
BENVENUTI
p-de'r*. C.
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a, «, I, 8, II. loag ;&,«,!, ft, tt, f , abort ; senate, <Tent, tdea, dbey, anite, cAre, iirm, 4ak, «U, flnoL
B, BtbUcal ; C, CUaaical ; h\ Egyptian ; H, Hindoo ; M, Modem ; N, Norae. [Bee |». G46.]
BYZACroM
651
CHANGARNIEB
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ka^H^'na. if.
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kU'-iel'i^ii. .W,
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fSrn, reomit, 6rb, n|de, f^^ Urn, fdbd, fdbt, out, oU, ohiir, bo, aiiiB, ink, then, thin, boN.
B, BibUeal ; C, Glaaaieal ; .ff, EgypUMi ; H, Hindoo ; if. Modern ; N, Norae. [See p. 646.]
CHANTILLY
652
CONDILLAC
,, iJitn-tiriPi F.
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~ maXbm, kie<ln>th«z. C.
COMurehw, kie-AKkfin, C.
OUm, klc^i, or Olda, klM'4,
Otoa— M. klS'tnCnz, C; 01«»-
•at, kL^m'mt, M.
OlNMat. klf m'^ent. B. 4r M.
OlMmachas, kl^4ln^A-ka•, C.
OtoMBbrotaft. kK-Sm'^brO^tli,
~ ' klS'ft-mfdBx. C.
kl^^m'^Nnei, C.
-_©B*, kl^«''n^ a
. kie'O-nl'kA. C.
kie^'rt.pm, ft.
klP-Sp'A-ter. C.
kl8'ft.pl''trA;c/««.
u-OH. klNOp^A-tri. f '.
^JiaaM, klMf 4-n«i, C.
OtoophM. klf^O-fcu, /}.
CteoptoltmBi.
klft^p-Wl'CmlU, C.
COMpas. klf'^n.pbt, C.
OlMrtratat, klf-Ai'^tri-ttl*, C.
OlMnoat, F.j klPi^inOM''; (/. iS.,
kl»r.m8nt^ M.
01«TM. klCrs i &. KltTa, kU^-
tr. .If.
CUo, klT'ft, C.
OUatteBM, klTs'thNntz. C
OUta, kll'tf. f7.
kir^'ki, r.
%, kWii-t^Vnk, a
kl6^dI-4 1 COodlas, -dl-
nB. c.
OlM. klS'^^. A.
OloiUa. kl¥lT^ C.
COoffhw. klO^her. IT
OlooH or Oloota, klfita, JT.
Clotelra, klo'tAK, M.
Clotildi-KI'- ttKilA.OH'
CiOwB*, kli>ui« Jf.
kjlt'5
raytl*. kll*h'i, c.
C&tiu. klith'^OK V.
Olju. i.i:^nifliH t-
Cifbimsi '^r KMimm, ka'lilr«u^
Cf»biu«. kfl''t*f^[ G Vd'bdfti^
C4chAbwta. kTMetii-Uni^-U,
V
Ooc^nA. k^^^'rarii, Jt*
OociM, krt'kl*?, f,
CkpelitH. k^k'tw^i, a
Cttcytu. k. »f^tn^ C,
OoKihiu. 'Crirl'T-^i^ CX
UK», 4k'rM< L'.
Ctftur ^ UoiL. k4rr-*if-Ji'aAi /i
kL-r. J. ,!.'.,*'. if,
Cofnftc. k,li.'yik^ Jf.
DotaAbuUA. krH»-»^'id, Jl.
OolWH, fci llftl', Jf.
Collator*, kJ^^lM'l^T^, jf.
C«irft. kwiuTElJ. CbUn kOr^ Jf.
Coj*. kfl'Ai. Jf.
Cuk* k^^»k <»- k^k, Jf.
Coib*r*. kr-.]'Ur^^ .V.
coici>*ii. hiiUk*']*, r,
CdkhMt*!. krtl'c1»^tfr, Jf.
Cokftla. CeLcTAliu, kfjUttn^
V
CoIerid«t, kflrrTj. Jf
.... k. .li^ri'jH , Jf.
Collm* k -l^'rni, JT
CellntiiiM. l^fJ^ia-il^oilt, C
Coins, k^lii, Jf.
\--.i,,, Mr
CaXooMM., kf-mm'Sf^i- Jf.
Colembooi> GotoBiba. ki^-ldm'-
^■-■. .tf
OoloBi k>*-lrnii\ V.
i]«JonHM kr.i'^ciio.^] or OildB^
MT. -\ If
Calortdo. k.^t—ra'd'i* Jf.
eoioM*. k.-'ft+'p>, t'.
coioKM, k --I &-'#»-:. r,
Colqnhioaa. kft-lvl&fi% Jf.
Co]qttltt,k&rkwi!. jr.
Colombk. kr..1oni^ii4, C ^,
ColunUk, krulftm'bT^ Jf
roiEAseba, kjT-fuln^rliifi Jf*
comarav^L kfl-mi.ii'ywi. Jr.
Cqmb^h*. ^f.ii'i^ I'f', Af.
CciriEiipf. k-ii.n-..'j fjT Og^
Comn3i*iHi», kTiiiii.' -iJft*, <".
Comora. kfiiP^^iVfri. Jr
Compi^eut. kAit^ji&^a'. jr.
CAbcejHioa, k rtn-t^ir^BlitlDi 4*
K F-rM-iMhr-i(fi<H if.
CahilIuji. kfin'^ehiih M.
Cencfflrd- Vij|j'k''*p4H JIf. _
Ottui^rdlL Mia-kflr'dI-4^ C t
1/
CMd-i. kJSnM* (jr kAx'41't #.
CcodiUaa. kbJc'd^/Ak'. Jf.
ft, fi, I, 5, a, long : &,£,!, 5, ft, f^ abort ; aenftte, ^/ant, tde», 6bey, dnite, cHre, ftrm, Aak, %11, flnat
.5, BibUcal ; C, Claaaical ; E, Egyptian ; H, Hindoo; M, Modern ; iNT, None. [Bea |k. 6f&]
CONDORCET
663
DESSAU
kftK'dftr'iiI', M.
OouMMash, k&n'C-iii4, M.
Oontaciu, kfiii-m''ttiii.Q>; Chi-
Hem Kong-Fa-TM, kSmr-iOy-
OoocarM. k6Q'gA-ri^ jr.
OOBCO. kOs'gO, Jf.
OnoMMght. kOii^'nat, M.
OOBBMsflevt, kOn-ntt'^I.kttt. JT.
OoaateBM, kOn^'stanki &. Ooa-
•toAS. kon^ttintii, J/.
Oonatantla. woiuun, kfin-«tftn^-
•hi-4: citft, kOi/tttan-tl^d, C.
OonrtMitiiift. kOn^atan-tl^na,
C'.fkOn-sUD-te^ni, Jf.
OomitMtinopla. kfin-flan^tT-
nd^'pl, Jf.: OonstaatlBopoUt.
k0n-at&n^lT-ii8p'^<.-li». C
OoBBteatliiv, kon'Man-tl^iiQi,
C.
Ooastaatlna, kQiMtftu'^ehT-Qa.
OontiWM, kOivtrl^'ria, M.
OoooMito. k(35-mft8'sT. M.
Oow, ko'Oa, B., a. ar M.
Oomrnhk^n, kO-p£n-hi'^gen,
CapmLinM. kfD^iifr'iiT-kr; if.
LnqiunJ. Krtit'n I, 3tr
CMolJiiba. k-k$ii>^M, M,
0«rb«U. kA UL'', M
Oore/T«. Lflr*l''r4w Vdr'-T-r*,
Itu -d. l-v4''riu, ,V.
COtdobfk (fl-'Tl, kBrMi. Eu or
-A, -kr.
OftrtiUjfc. icflr'dn-b4, f\
GoTio.. ■ Or'Jil&\J/.,=t:oitCTaA.
Gortf.thiu, kr.-ni/iSiQ'', f! \ C.
CortfflJ. k -rt^^-ll, r;
CvrntiJiu Vftr Ht']T-^^ R 4- C.
QDr«»s k -rfl'iiA, f ■.
Cenu, kdruk^^A, m DonU,
Oanic*, ktii^^rk*. oj-kfti' . C.
» #.' a: Okm. kOnu, I/.
C«ti BJCfc kfti^Ek i«'kit -V.
Cut* d'Ot, kM- rjr-r', J/,
Opttbai,>, loUbUH l(r.t'f-Bi,
&>1llOlllb.k7^'t.^S^ If.
CcKirjADd. k4p,'ir'|'Pn<L J^.
CoDTtanA.jr', kfrt'iilH .V.
Coartrml, ll.l?Jl-■[r|^ M
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eQtit:bQn. k.3^"lM^^ ,*/.
OoVantTt. knvVif-trT, .\L
Oovilliiv. kM-T.p]-^jl!^|^ M
Qo^asbon. kUv'injj-mrj, -V.
Cowley, K.'ir'llj Aprnie>-/i* /■< m.
Oowper. kinl'iiPr or k " Br,
M.
Onoow, krlHcAi Po;>>/i Kra-
kow. krA''k(%f. M.
" " m, krA-Mm'l»-n52, C.
CtvUru. kfkt'^rtti, C.
Cr^ucLu. kiiij'Hl.Fi., (.',
CruL^Pj^m, kfji,-t,|j'j(fj].^ c.
Oti^Ua, kra'bFvfllt', M.
C» . cy, k I-, A ''if I ^: k r.i' Pfi' .W.
Oram- or Sswrnniim, ki^tu^uktt,
Oremaiu. kf^^l1iA''a4l /(. kr3-
Or«{]ni. kr^^hsd. C\
Crt^jui. kr^'^.^Qi^ C.
Crcti krf'ti, t'.
Ctll**. krg'^ir^, c,
Crr!C*B, ktflt*. I/t krf'ti*, C
Cr^u^jL. kfi-n'iJl, t,'.
Cleuie krtt. >.
Cl^ufip, krii'nii> C.
Cr<^uEtr . k rtii t^ti r," J/.
CrktiiQa. kri'trtut J/.
CrJipm, krin'riO*, £,
Cx "nis, kr1*fi^lHift, L?.
Cl ■ itVi.>, V.
Ol ^i.i. kr..-1'fcji^i, V.
Cl ■. , irty. kr^rn'el-tT, Jtf.
Ol'o:L^Ti{lt. kr^.iii''k[i.|, .1/,
OrtUtamifn. kr it^in'm, -rl. <\
Oraitimi«rLL. krUc'i, .ijit'r1-4 i
CrOjtlmieniUb, kTU- ti» Jl-c'"-
Cl.!.Va'."uirp"h'?i. Jf.
Ctftildflffliu, LrB^^Hi^^Tiaa, C
Ctuli&u. tvt It^iir, r.\
OtMiphoa, t^pr't-ir^gi^ £'.
CtHlppoa, t^ i&ip^jjnF^ C
Ctinu£i«H tstEi'c-niTi i :
CntiA, kQ'bdii \,-. k^S-ZLal, M,
CVitLCt,. kivtiij^kii. -V.
CnllJUdJt. k.<^■U-a-k:^n^ H.
Cula, k< 4^1 111, ;V.
Culp«|Mr. knrp*Pivtr, M,
Cnm$^ kn^MuV. i'.t k,a'iii4, M,
Oom^nA :;.-^inft-iJll'K ^W
c» ■■ ■ ' .fi'tti-i. jy.
Ot 'du, t I Copti,
Ott.i,+',.Nj.. t^.i nli-*0'. If.
CnriLrAy., k-«j-3-B-iT'. .W,
Ottrtitll. kri-r]-4%bl-T, C\
Ots^o, k,TfTH%, f\
OurUiL. kfr''ftk1>4. CiitUiu,'«IiI-
Oniriu, kQ'vr-fli F^ ku'TP^',
-1/
Ou^'AJld^L. kri-Jiii'jfAj Jf.
Onyp rn Kajii^ k^rlp, Jf.
Oiuco, hi^je'ku, Jt
OwmdB. k.i-iuiMr. J/.
Cyliate.. ^jlK'iir, r\
Cj -. ^ilj'.'-tr, f.
Oj '. H|ti'"T-rA, f\
Oj ■' aft. nt-lhfi'Li^B, r.
Oj ;;r*QI. ftlk''r*-iif ur hl'kj-y*,
Oj.L;i(l«.prk']iW)?i. f'. ii .Tf.
Oyi.l.>r*i. "t-klCr-c/. r
Oyliaiitht. st-duik'ii-ki*, t\
Cyd&oii, •Mn'dni, r.
(^DA^r*. I* j>''4-r4, C.
Cy T^ (iiti r», 1 i 1 1 ■ I -*fl ' r4 , t'.
Cj .uqi. fti|i'rt-nrim, C
Oj^nn. »t th^'i^. C. it Jf.
Cjt^ma, ■Lilr^ri'ii. (A
CHluirU, »[ Clii^rlt. C.
Cyfticiim> « I'T-kftniH t\
Otanory>kl, ehkr-ir.H.rii' k^ if.
GkAAlBA, chiu'lau, jV.
Otiraitov, ehrT'ur-itfif, Jf.
Ctwrnr t*er'iiP, *r
OalikKlH ou' mrkiUtL u^fk'^-
uits J/.
rflk'kii. Jf,
dJi'iiiiT-4. t\
~ (I* WtSiij'ya, Jf.
dt t[*k'rMt«. C.
ik tiioii, f.
DMb«itui, {lb''ifi:>-tln'', .If. J
D»iwt,*rt. illLHr^0^b«rM /", di'-
Dutum. dii c^r', Jr.
5iEj«mi. iJMKirrFii. .V.
Dkbonwy. d*'lin>^inl', Jf*
DfckflU. .JAkfi'U, Jif
Pfcliafcgiithm dll'^nL^na^thi,
I^tlmitii.LJkt-niiMit^,/!,, Cm
f. .1/
d^mU. iifl-pi '. m:
U4-«llii'k(U» Sr, C,
lltiM'bi, jr.
<U«KlJl't4, Jf*
li^.iiirt'krt-On. C
_ ,ii mBk'rt-ui». C.
Li''i;!ifln. f.'.
DKnoDicU, Jittriv f..nT'^n»H C.
~ ^ ^ OA^mOi'tit-lQa,
DuAU. pr^n'4'B^ c.
DuioL rlllH'l-t I Ew dftn'rirl, B.
\ W
Uioto. a»n^E^i fr. dlb^ttti OTiV.
Jfn
DiattkK dRT>t'dTk; <?. Dmdc,
rtilTil'^i;;. .IT.
1^pllii«, rlkf'nl?t B, t r.
Dur Ol" t>'AiT, clflrk, Jf.
□mrduvUn, iNKiIAmuIe'^ Jf.
Dun*, ,]ft'r5f, r .^ (Jir'em. Jf.
Dvfbots -Ur.fWtr'', .*r,
rTi ; the latkm*a q/\ dK-rf^Il',
J/
HLWiU, d4 n'Elfl, /J . C, fr Jf.
l^ulitiC^t,, i]HriT>''i<ilmt, Hf.
ISutmaotk, [tart'ninLh, Jf.
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p'autal^^* dfH'bm'jpi-, Jr.
tlaauMfuy, ii< ^ tiin^jig'', ,|f.
I>&v«afiorT. da Vc !■.[>; rt, Jf
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l>Ki£ttr, d* -ki'tf r, Jf
dP'iiiVn., tl
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Dsifctour, d Ji'ic&r', **
El"l^'^l^^ Jf.
D*iMM|?. tllr']i(^ Jf.
JWaTiTVlm ^il', JW*
PtlAwmrt. df ]'A wir* Jf*
JJttUb. tlt'lj t>. Jf.
uain.dnfi. jr.
IJ*IM. f^.v.ati'ht ! India, m*'
DtU*. dflr^. C.
rdlUb, Ell !i^|*. ^,
rallilft. ttr-liJ' Ol d.'-m'. J£
IV&mutt*. (h -iii4i ''■-It, c,
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BiDiLaA.dC;iii' L>C.i tirdf ni-bt'L,
Jf.
D^m^ru-ft, drni'»r4'ir4< Jf.
EesMUr. df^iLhi'ier* V.
Htmsirma. df-inftFi-Oft, S. It
Oov. tifdi'^f-dBv'K Jr.
C«soil«. dJ'in'fs-klejrH C
I>«cw^nt«i, dr*i]i^k'Ni4{E» r.
l!wsi«Tltiu* dr.nink^rt-tb», </.
LecuHiic«, iJF-iiimin-kf \ Sfl-
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DOKIi^pbwiB, d^-tiifiJ'r-fSt];, C
O^stmipoUi, dl'-inP|i'f-n»H c.
C«ixiofttbiMaH d^-iT»afr'Ui^'titi»
D^moftntu. dr-ni5f 't Ma,4as^ C.
p«jiUgb.<icii''iiT, jr.
Ov^der.Hj. MMPr. J/.
l^cdannDJidj, di ii-dE r-mOii ^-^
IK. Jr.
J^flrunmrk, dfn'initta, Jf
Datirdi , flt. , <,.; 1 1 ! J ( n ''Tt oi-
]>Budi.tBi, iJJrAfJ'i^ taa, Cl
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pBptfwd, il' t'lPrii, if.
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Dfl RoytM, df rt'l^r pr nji'Wr,
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1>4»*:&itea.iJi»'kkri^ Jf.
DfltcbfUDpa. [la ihflK^ jr.
DeMini. .Jf^^pr-^t, if.
piiaJu. dr-.Ji( , *!/.
D» MdIdHt tl' "»nin^, J/.
BsSoto.dr^'t-.. .ly.
DrtWftla. d(* ."A', jr
DflH^q. d*«''*4-n, flf.; J<i'ni
f;. lif-'myn, Jf,
fSro, recent. Orb, r)|de, f^U, Onif food, fijbt, ont, oil, chair, ffo, ains, lo^, then, thin, boN.
B, Biblioal ; C, Glaaaieal ; S, Egyptian ; if, Hindoo ; M, Modem ; JV', Norae. [See p. 646.]
DESTAING
664
ENOPE
V* tlwo, J*- tw', Jr.
iij4!II(h M.
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fa«*ddl.fri-tld'dV*.„
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S, S, I. 5, a, long; ft, «, I, 5, tt, t» -liort; aenftte, ^rent, tdaa, 6bay, Unite, c4re, ilnn, AdK, «U,
i?,BibUcal; C.ClMdcal: if, BgyptUn; ^.Hindoo ;ir,ModMn{^; Hone. [Bee|».G46.]
ENOS
655
FOULIS
L*W>''OM. C.
i-p«n'MH». r.
am, C-iJtni^i-iiBn^-
BpiipkrM. rp^^-froa, A.
Ipaphxodttu, e-ptt'rO^U^tttft,
h. «" c.
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FooEi. r-ju'nii .Vvri, foqlt* Jf.
fSrn, reomit. Orb, r^de, f^ll, Ikni, fdbd, fo^t, ont, oil, chair, go, aiiis, ink, then, thin, boN.
B, BiUioal ; C, ClsMioal ; E, EgyptUm ; H, Hindoo; M, Modem; If, Nono. [See p. 646.]
FOULQUES
666
GRAVINA
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01tib«rU. i!i li r'^lf* j;.
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B, Biblical; C, Claoical; B, Bgyptian ; H, Hindoo; M, Modern; N, Norae. [Beep. G4a.]
GRECIA
657
HIPPOLYTUS
jip.
, gTC'*hT-4, B. k C\
Oradr. Kri'dfr. X
OrMawteb^tfrCi 1^ w le horfrTn ^-
OrafortaB. |rrf-g(J'rT-0», C.
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HfcSipikLf*. litiM||>''^lt[Pr. 31.
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litticl. iia^^'tfi, J/.
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HfliBrotb, I'tiiL^'rOt, M.
H*t, 11 i. X.
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HaUdikiUa, U> IH-Aip^fwlti. C.
HtUuEMmt, hcJ'^li P-ijOftr, .V.
H*LJ«iiuatn»H Li' i' \, -t^i^m ' t n >.
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Hfthkd JL^iikM, .1/.
fiAnLfii^alii. ID kl!t', y.
lEsnriko lu n-rt'k^. JW.
SAnrJi^wi. Cn-rCkn^i. .V.
H^^rl. t.t'ri, C.
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»«rtl*r fi^fM?' I.-- hfr^rlPr, Jf.
Hflrvrordr Hrr''i'-fTF,1^ v.
Birklimr. rii^i-'fel-iipPf. X
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■ in ■•. i
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hn-r ii,i.n'nilli> f '.
RtrmEonJA tki!T-iMl'i*i-p^Ti, C
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* ■
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V » ■.
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f -
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Tnid»b«Un, .
HnUaJi iiilklpt, /i.
h:[1o. i-i--]-. j/.
aimlnliJC^rs. >lTiprtf>-1pTf»f, ^.
SliidoQ-Kfloik, hin'drj]^knr»«Itp
.V
nitid«vl4a, -dflrtuH hJu^h-
PrEdPl', -V.
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BipplA. 1l I tp^pi-Ji i ptu. -|pT>n«,
BlE>^tKrt«. liTji-pfh^f.tff, r,
Bl|>|milH«. hTjii-pkfVkir^j,, ^*.
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Hippwmtfi, hi r'^l^'^'t't^i t**. T-
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Hlpp«UllU*H hTji-'pMA-mT't,
BLppo];jt4i. hip-p^il'T-r^, f\
fSrn, recent, 6rl>, n|de, f ^11, ftrn, food, fdbt, ont, oU, chair, go, sins, ink, then, thin, boR.
B, Biblical ; C, GUaBioal ; ^, Bgyptian ; if, Hindoo ; M, Modem ; A\ NorM. [See |». GI&]
42
HIPPOMACHUS
658
JAIBUS
HtopoBMdoa, htp-pfim'fr<lSo,
KjppvtixifncB. II l^^-|n^r1l i-in",f,C.
HlppOBL, 11 .JK-jWf'lli, < '-
Hlppuaae ► Ji [ 1 1-1 * n ' f.H-f , ? '-
HlHWRl^. Iil>-|,i*"iit^ t;- .,
k.ii. V
BottlliMis, h<)k'litm. .W.
Ei.ilr.h.-''iJt. >
H*»rbr. '^v I , p ' f (f r i ^' f^ T4 r' . jr.
HMhL I. HHCk,^Mltik, M
HahiEUoli* lifj>n.'tiW, V
aahiiuDll*ni, 1i f/au-t^i ' \tim,
.it.
Hfllbuh. »^i'*t'1tiik. 1/
BolMln. hid- bTu. M
BoUulud 'J' BvllTEkibwI. ii4K-
rill . 1/
EatobriH*, NSln^f^r'^ni^?;, JT?.
aom* rMiFM 1 ,v*ii httm, ,tf.
Bl»IIi«r. iL.r'niJir, tf.
HomQnu. ikiV[i]fl''rnF, t\
Hjua*. ».rt„'d4 [ s,f. fjn'da, Jf.
Honllear. fi^ iIPf'^ W
flanv Kasj '"■ -
Jiftn'T-tnn, .If,
__ _ hfl-iift'rt-n-^ f ■.
Hopbnl. hftf'iiE, if. ^
HorftUA, ^^r^^4'ihU! Bontt-
Hur«b ii^^r^ Li^ fl.
aor<n iii'"r Tn. rt.
HoroilAt m , hfi r'lV nl'T »□ , II
MoAhca. I.'- 'S.r^'i, /I.
Bun ., -^ ■ . ■ "-h i tni, -to*.
Houghton. hA'tn. M.
Hottnriow, hounz'in, .V.
HovMtoBio, h<J&4i-tOa'Tk, Jf.
»,hou'»ft, Jf.
n. hns'tfln, Jf.
Howo. Iiou, M.
HowM, hciuz, M.
Hotter. t/zf4L'. if.
HrasTelgr, hria'vgl'jfr i let-
/aiM/w'lirfii'v. l-gr, A.
HrlathnrsMr. hrSn/til&rHMlr, .V.
Hmnffnlr, lihTinK'nSr, .V.
HnolTA, wiM'va. J/.
Hnoiok, w:'t''kiL M.
Hvcor. 0•j^^ J/.
RnihM, hoz, M.
EvUah, hordu. A.
Humbort. hOni'Mrt : F. Qn'.
bAK. .V.
Hunboldt. hnm'brtlt <
r;. hobin'boit. J/.
Hnnding, hObn'ddtK. A'.
HnnguT. hnn'ga-rl, M.
HurThPT. B.
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HaskisKm. hnt'kT»4Qn. .V.
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U,.,.(r i.M-ii5X t\
1,3 lr'^^^L^ll ( '.
Hjlifrign. tkrii'f-rl''fln or ht-
Rr^»nDPn«. hJ-i»r'rn(*-n«z.
Mi/iTm-nH'-
^tM, hTMlk'rA-t8z, C.
. hPr-ki'nn*. ('.
bCr-ml'iiA ; -no, -nP,
lllinuil'T-Bii,C*X
ZliDDr l4T'e^D(, or
.-MI4, t".
ZlteB*qs, ll't^^BWSl or iH'<V
liHv I."
lUiau, 1 ]|j<^i.n». f.
XlluQ. ]i''Mim,iirIllab, li'l^ti.
Dte.ii. V.
liUiUte, Tl l^nrfi* er T^tT lloU^
lUyrlLma, H^Tr^f-kfliii. U.^C
Uttngo, lL-il^n'i^-V> V.
Xnuiuj. ]iri*l-D( orl-liti'ni, C
Xmma.aaiL Irii-tiilu'n-H^I, /I
Xmola. uji^fHa, f.'. ; c'rn^-U, JT*
lajtchm. i9i''u-krk*, C
Ina Miiuiit, JF'riA mw«''n4t if.
ladeQuik. iti 'in-MiKn'^. iC
India. ir,Mi4, «f, t..> Jif.
m'dt^II^-*Jr'E^
HTrnotho. bl!i^n«'thO, C
^itMPM. bTK-tr * " "
LbTK-ULi'pflz, C.
I
d^'For namn in Eastern
Europe and AmUi bcginiiing
with Z followed by a Towel.
nee T ; aa, Takoonk for Za-
kooUk. I
la. T^u. r.
laccbu, Mk'kfl-, C. 1
Ial^tilP,TB[i'^^l^ C. ^
laniimaj Aii-thfA, a
lapvttu, i-tp'j?-mfr. (; I
larbai.l-Ar'MA, f.
Xa^Ivu.r-ur'knii. t'.
laxafi^ 1 bk'-ar'EFi:, C
Ib*ra.t tiP'ri, t\ I
IbarlaM»P'rl-l. f\ >
Ib«ru, T !«''fo*, f* I
IbU. rti]>, r.
Ibnihlffl. ib-br4'hP5ii. Ji.
ICiilA,T-lii'rl4. r
IcjiFlt. llii'4-rTP! I -rm, rtti, C.
loijoj iit'-hi-ftN,r ,
Zcb.i.b<KL Tk^^i ti^d. ti. 8r M.
lofiiiloiB.I ijfl^ninni, S. i( C.
Uk 1 'hJA, r.
Idtho. TMi-bft, 1/.
Zda^Lli. tHli^vA t Idalte. t-di'-
Idalli. Td'i-lTi, r
Id*a. rt /JJH74. l*K^4l! iiaughler
Idgmeiii*, |d€»Di#Da^ t-dOin'r-
nP. C.
1. t^5in'P.nOi«. r.
: aa-VVn-in?'*.^.
_ >.t-da'mr;Mianaa.ld'0-
ni?'A, f '.
IgUo. TK^Ioii. .V.
Icnatina, lK-nJ'»hT.n», C.
Xhnn. P-hA'n». .V.
Zkatemba. Tk'tt-lem'ba, .V.
Zkanco. Ik-'n'gft, i/.
Ikoko. Tk-fi'kfv. M.
nft^combe. TKfrA-k<-asm. M.
niacni. i-lt'rt-kn,., r.
~" _. l-lT'A-d?z, ('.
IndiiBi. Ill ''ill I, Jtf.
lBi$l«eE;M.l itHll/F-tic^nlHi Ttr'-
(I I ■ U'' tfi^ If ftr-nitit., C
Indog«D««. tnHl&i'^r-ut^ C.
IndDre. 1ii-dOr'> jf.
Indr:!. hi'^Jri^ if.
iBdilB. ^^trrr. J/,
Ind^, TPi'ilnK. w«i[<KDii„ JVl
Inei. h''' ri r €f I'lif «+ JV.
In«^oldstad«. i mt 'fil-ri^. JT.
ZnfrH. ANtf'rn V-
Inkcman. Tnk-f r-min'. M,
Inkl»a. iQ ku'ul. M.
Inniprockk int^finflik, M.
Xno. 1 fsJi, I".
Inopiu. t^iifli'pn*, C.
In^ut. C'lifi^h*. f .
Inp^pia. Tfv-i«i'ii!ri. J/.
Intf rj»k<n ar latatUdMa. Ifi'^
irr.l.ik'*-M. .«.
iBTuraaH, t^.v^lfwu^^' , .V.
Io.rr,. fv
Xdeboa.tH&l'k&i, r.
lotft.r.T-ipaoiLmni. r.
loU.^H^n^, Jf,
loaa. rji-'iii, Jtf:
Io&*, .^.*int,^A,t-(J^nti a .\'erM,
r* ll^^, r-
Ionia. M^iit4, f: ^Jr,
lo|M. r.vjvp, r.
lOWa. TT^VfAj .V
IptaitrLoa, iri^kLOi; IfhldM^
IpUdamaa. T-ficKi-mFt*^ r.
Iphldamla, TfiHiU-tiiT'i. r\
IpklflMla. in K ni'l, t\
T-fTirt-iMlftn, r.
Ipstirkh. n.*^wteh. M.
Ira, I'r*, fi fr 1"',
Inland. ir'Kiml. .V,
Innsu. Tr-P-M*'ri». r.
Irtin^T-nS'nf^ I iTuJi.t-tf'uu,
I '■■
, Irwton Tr'inTt. .V,
Irlarta or Triaxta, ^rf^&Ktt,
If
Irlt T'rT*. r'.
I IrkooUk. J*r-k.3itfck% V.
Iruqbolt. ir-H-kToi', Jf.
Jrr^iwftitdr, Tr r^-^M/slT, .V.
Irtiib 'ir myilk, Pr'tTah, Jf.
ItB,b4r. .->-l 14'. jf,
l4&€tu T-'i^kn*, ^'*
U^nder. T *an'd*r, r
itoTiphilA. T*'lmrf'[l. Jf,
iKoiia. 1 > I'rT-Ji, f\
ItCLTlOt. T-klrn-ftt, fl.
iKhl. '-I»''l. .If.
iHka. ^'U'kg. M.
IMF r'' IHT. F^ar, Jf.
K-tn^^a
llUU. |4jr''1^
]jjijkgra.l« i^fi'^rui
lilm, ?*'la, J/.
I*Uy. T'li,t«-Iita.i'ia. Jf.
. l^-mnJij', M.
Izfflfljiin tt'iiijt ra i i-na. -rflPt C
kl f.AviM. !•' lit* -D1.B, C.
Huial. i*'r4- io» i*^rj-"l» S.
lauebafr i*i'«A-Lar^ /<'.
iiK, i .
Mila, Th^m i. r. V jr.
IteU, u*A\l; -UL-ltPi 4u.4Ba,
ir-k, Jf.
ItalUA,! til''ik*;4ni.^t.kaa,
t .
Itatr, U'A IT. JS. % Jf..»lTa-
Itel^ 1-LlB'ki. if.
liibaea.^tb'i ka, C. » Jtf.
ttbvttnOM, MJi^U)'«'-titf, C
ItbiCLtf, itJi'^ii-inan /if.
Ithmet. iinn-tfl. V.
tUmbiri. f iTmi,' Irf-rt. JT.
im. e'iA% -V.
Ituma «r ItQw, irt-f*'4, U.
liyi. Till. <\
Inka^ln^
, . „ kji. Jf.
tff«ur^viTt'. Jf.
iT^a, e,vJ'(A. Jf,
J. i/'f'hir, A
i). Ta'rtM^l, ^»
iz'rt. JJ.
JUMtai. jI'A-fiR or JA-di«. B.
jMfiab. ]Jt'A-ti'i, n.
Jata. Jm/kil. .V.
Jvebaxt. j4'ki.ll; JmUS, JI'-
Uti, fi,
JmcQb, ji'knia. fl-
jMolfUi^- kfi't*. Jf
jKan«€ f^iik\&f'. V.
jKqtiniaal or JaCBaL ■MLk'-
I..-, r. .V,
JmL li'.i, n- ^
jMn.>iil4M'. V.
jifli. ^trrii^riuf'fa. jf.
Jafiikapaiaa, Ja^'ia-p^pOiD^
ji^^nA ^' Za«u. bA'irwii. ^.
jLtmi- )i'i<Ai:. fl.
JaluLta. labazak u-hC'jit. il.
JkltaMl. ^w'tt-, L fl'
Jain*, ji* A^fV". ji'n rft»; m
a, 9, 1, u, a, loni; ; Ji, d* I, 5, ft, f. sUort ; sen&t?. *» #*nt, tdo**. A )»v, (liiite, cAre, ftrm, ik^k, ^II, fiuoL
B, fiibUcal ; C, GlaMical ; i^, EgyptUu ; JI, Uiudoo; M, Moderu ; iV, Norie. L^^ P- (>^J
JALAFA
659
LACEDiEMON
Jl-li'fi, M.
M^
AiM. ^^y^i^M
. uiriSi^ka.
Jft^dantP. j4'nTk''n4llm, C.
J vim. £ ha" II 14', 3f^
jl ii-m; ' ii 1- Lli+ .V-
JuilM, ]I'iiQ«t C
Jui,1t«iaal, EUak'ln. I", .1f-
Ju«d, Ju' r, d, //.
JuiU£. liliiir'tijlk', Jlf.
JUtiitT, il'Mhtr. ft.
Juwn. jl'hinj]^ £. V C
Jun nol, xhi^s liH.iir '^^^ jfn
]nl'. - Kkili tlL, .1/.
Jttmi, j^Mi'»]. /;.
jHUUta, ir-ili'>i, //.
jtdMUh, iM'r-*]i'i. ^.
J«llul4L \fhA^7.Vii. fL
I, jJ^hrKid'dpiii. n.
tUm. I" !iin'd-kTTii. ^.
J*l)i)aulAb. iP-li'nii''ii-dihK /:.
jt^Mh&phLt, i(k-iir«1i'M&tt R.
j«bov&li, jr-iirt'vm H^
J«pbthiJi. \ f'tli>^. /?-
J4p^tuui«, Jiptaoimcbi \V4^n'-
Tlf. ^
J«r»notb. Kr'/»'miith. H.
Jmttmj. iCr^f-vnl. fi^
J«n£ ' X 1:: H T^ S ttff-rFth ' . ^.
J«rlclu>. jfr'vkrt. ;5 Sr V.
Jflitobaun. if^r^n-ttS'am, fl.
Jftnev. iJ'r RT, AT.
J«nibl)*4l. jf-rtvhlit^y, Ji.
Jani»l«iD, jJ^-ri^'ii-l^ifi. W.
Jwnilu. Jmlilull. Jifr-n^'ihi,
JMbu. JMliu^ jenb'fl^, //.
Jhsl jP'^KfiiH /J.
Jrtbrc. i^'iiirfi. //.
r. 11 rw^^r'n ^.
J ■■K'f-h't. yj.
JWrwL j Jc'r^n : JSKMftHt*.
1^- l-Tt r», r-
JUdAh . i Ojlddl.. IM'iln. .V.
JJjanK rn,! XIkoda. l'l^-hO'Tl.«, jr.
Jlffibft. JimiLth.iliu'iiip /!.
JLpt, ji^'iM^^. .M.
jMb. ifl^lli, A'
Jo<kkini, Ifl't-kmi. fi
JoayuB. ja'i Liuiiii, /?
Job. jfiiK /r.
Jo DftYlw, iG di>l., M.
JotLjf^W, it.
Jflbknu. jri-hii'rMn, ft.
JobuuiB^ ^hlu'ij4, J/.
JobumM, j'ViiAn'iiiixt ^-
JohM. j5n< A. ^ M.
JvUklB, Jori kim, /f.
JotAvilk iiMi'yil '. F. Ebvijc'-
lozudib^, i^n'^-dlb, /#.
Jozi^. //i.i, //,
JouAi. jJi'iiifh. fi.
Jtiiulun. j^i4'44li<fT>, /;
JiialLLpliif. y^rt'cli^-idti^
1. Jirn
*J^.
, rani., ti-
iflc'drtii, H,
-V J/,
d,mfcH'*^bid, B.
jft^h4 y^.
7«i.i. ff^M'i* yi.
. M'««. yj.
jffl'thnin, yf.
J^tuibAiB. j?''t^^ii-hfni<, ^V.
JOTlTdEB. ih-Tfti-ilB?*', M.
JOTlU M. J*>1 -i' Oflli, f \
jDX&bul. J^f^'D-hld, /h,
jQdut Famutdiii. i^rl.'|^ Kr-
nfln'J' II >}>. \i<St.M.n' fir-
nHn'il. th. M.
jnuva. li^a^i^nPj] cir liwk'Tfth,
Jflba. in'l>^, r.
?oM. in'»Mfl. ^.
J did mm. i --If^d. y/. ^ f '
jddu. i?l'il"(«, fl-
Judith. jnMTth. /?.
Jll?«Bni*nUt, ]h».'-!ir-Tinr, .V.
Jugiirtht, iri-trir'(iin, ( /.
JnfuyJ.^ir^U-e'. X
JuLfcjn'ti-i J JaUu. L^-ni, 5.
Jidien. rFi.i?r'l!^^l' . & JMUeh,
JiUlo*. jti'tT-rtfl, C
^ li s ^ ,v.
JiUUtft. jHTU'lIrt, ,W.
JaaifrM, ynHSnuTrfln, ,1/.
Jnnra. Jn'ii^-ii. /t- i' ''-
.iQTipt- /h.Ti^iift', Jf.
Tupit«T ici'fiMPr. ft * r.
Jur», in'ri 1^ K *hiWr*\ C-V
JtHtlnluiqfl. in^-TTn'T^i/nni., C.
Jnitoi. jri-'t.i-, n.
Jntiuid. jvil'I.milL .V.
kii . .If.
\ ki^tiii-j?ll'dT, .V
KhboinpD, ki'tHllm'ihli, M.
KkllLTQ. ka-livi'rij^ Mr
Kfcfoa, ku I.^u'h JkT.
Ka^dr*. ku-ji'ri, Mr
Kunrui^ k]r-waM% M.
K&kuu. kit k.^i'.^, rV.
K«,iHr««jAb. bi-^fjr.*'*'. .1/.
KfciLnnau k(t-kiii^ii''irt'ii], Mr
KaiAJSALZoa. kftl-'A-ui*'?*', .1/.
Kfclu». kii.lpf^sd, M
K&UftA*. kh.Lii^'^. .1/
K»|Aiil, kitlm'we. J/.
KfcilBE kulThJi. J/.
KftilbtJ. kiiL'iiigr, Jf.
Kfclociga, l:i-liW'j;k. -W.
KfcJELMQ, \il-3,a'iiTl, Jf.
Kfc mfl I ii mbp. k ii' ii i Jt-rititi" bfi. JI,
KfcnsAdDV^. k^.niliil'ri. ff.
Tumthitkjk ^tr Bantchatka.
KMiawb&. kAiiii'wi. .ly.
Kfcok»k«. knn'U.>,c-v it-
kriii'na. .U.
_ . _ \ein*-ii; .V.
Kut. kftiito. k,ii,[. i;
Kftpaka, kii-p(>i»''kii, M,
Kail k^M, .V,
Kumfin. ki.rAf "wr, n.
Kuuuuila. kJi^tpi-niB^Di^-i. ,i/.
Kii>r«aMi,, ltli^f*'riiA. ,V
K*4CbA1)- kiLhli'LiLi t iftlitrJ.MMa-
U. kfhSi'Jift, J/.
Kfc»emtiL. kj.!|. iM'tiP^ 4ir.
Ki . L.],.i;ftr'. M.
Ktatai. ...^ -r. .1/.
KfcUh<£n. k>Mil^iJn. .V.
XaucH. k4i-tliiii'^i> .V.
KatDtid*. kii tlri'd^, .V.
Kitlv* kii-ti?'vf. jy.
Xftt4ag«. kii-lFn/>ir<V. M.
KktTln^, kiU'^rfti. .V.
K«LUIlJtZ, k.Li'Mltfi, U.
KfcValli, kiL viirir. Jiy.
K«Lva.n&D:ll. klt'ttHiii., .If.
K«leai). kuriin', jy.
KMrner. ktir'nl. M.
Kecxkftin t. k cli k4 m-ii'. .V.
K»dftr. ki-'Jir, fL
fh.1. kill. .V.
K«ISli:*r, keth'Jfl. ,V.
K«i«bt]j. ktt't?. .V.
Ktlat. k liii'. ,W.
Ktn«h, k n'J*. .W
K*iilA, k?i,'>A. M
KciiiiDBbec, k n'P-lnk'^ ^
KtaALnftOII. k^^n'nTnjf.tnn^ M.
Kentucky, k ntt.k'l, M.
KMtDk \,--'r..knk'. .V.
KergneJ^a, kfr^'flfn .If.
XArABf. kt r''n^r rtr ktr'R?T, Jr,
KihtAbalj. k' ^th r, JV.
Ktturmb.kMrtTh'ri, /A
K«Elm. kr-yT'A. //.
KliftrkoT. kir^hnf. .V.
niurtooni. k*MtT&ii]\ ,ir.
XhtiiQ, kPrn, A'.
Kk«rwii. kf?-*nn', M.
Kkivt. kii'vt. j»r.
KtoDzlBt^n. ksWWiTMiiTi', M.
UoriLiiAII. kn-riii-HLll'', Jf.
Kbaiti k'Th't. A'.
Khvb^r. kt'f>?r, .V.
Klakbu kr-ik'EiU.V.
Klb»IU. kT.iHliriii. M.
KlbaiifTv ki-t»rtn'«il. X.
Kkkftpofl, k 1 k i-li^lTi' , .V.
XlddeniUnvtttr. kid-dSi^mtn'-
Xldron, ktd'rtin. B.
K1«L kFl. .1/.
But, kP-r, V.
KliLuc^.kT-ka»''iid..v,
Kllkmi., k1 lc'lii«,lr.
Kiik*wiar. kii k. ii'T, Jtf
ELUuaty. kTl.iir'nl, M.
liOAWt&Ki, k&tnt.»f*j|'ie, M
Elmpoko. kti]t-|i«^k^ .V.
HiujfcidiiM. k^u-kiKillo, J/.
Uubtiu, kTii-»hkji'»i, Jr.
Kioto, ki ri.'tAp M.
Klp«mbTm kl-Frfin'^bvP. M.
Klnatb. krr'jfllh. J!.
Kir^Athi^Jiu kPKjuthriin. It
EirkcuubHjebft, ki!<r.k4Si''bTP,
.1/
Klrrl. kTr'rP, ,V,
Kluncft,. Vl-i-i4]''i;l, i/.
EibTkii-]!. H.
EUboiL, ki'Ftiftii. y;.
KliMnfa. ktif^l!ii''if», M.
KlttDA. k 1^1 "ni, = KfliSHN 4t jy.
Kltcbltebl. klt-k^'kt. M.
Xitron. k irrfiiN /f.
BtuT».kTir-.^rt. Jlf.
EUfraforiJi. k In'?- !i IdCrL . jy.
Klet«r. kJiL't.^j-,<M Z)ib«r. klA-'.
Ii.'. .If.
KnoUof. unl/. .ir
Knot, kll.nir. ^ C.VrCLTE. Ji.
KuDgo. ki^-ii.ri'jr'"-, if.
Kobbo. k'l'^tA.ir.
Xobatb. k.^^iAtli. /A
XAUdAh. k^L f^-r&, //.
Dempiika, k^Tii-|iil''hA., M.
X«ii£ib«Tc. kniT (:•.'' tic n^. Ji.
EeiTeb, kr.'M t, .tf,
X-olCKTiitz. k^''tMK-rCt«. .V.
n^EilCibni, kfi'jiii^K.tii'iit. M.
Smbui. kH^vLmri', .V.
KoordliUzL Ki NEii!9TAff, jr.
KMrtLk,.„'r|, J/
Kvorik. k.v.r.k. V.
Kbrab, kr'rdL ^ Karmblta, ka'-
UK. /J
K&mtr o. So«ni«rH kPf'n&r,
.1/.
Eoiduika. kfi> M-ftpli^ i y^>y-
kA K«cLiiizkd. kOfii-^yi^li'-
Eoiiutb. ke<i<i^*.h^S^t'' ot -^iSAii' .
.tf
KoitromEn k'^MrO'^inl, JT.
Eoiitbui, krd'H bn^ (rV kAK,
>.^-h,^> .u.
Korno. k^^v'tifi, Jir
KnnuLitfl. kr tn'^nT^, JT,
Enunifb. kmil'-'iiDLk. Jr.
EriibnL, knOi'iiH, rn.- EUt&p.,
El.Ld6n«r, krfl'ilr-iiPr. .V.
EiunmuurlSATp k]jWini''Tn4k-?r,
J/
Kmlu. k«?''l-T?!. Jf
KiiLnibui&. kcTviii-lMi'nn, Jf.
Ear.da. k.^ni'^li. .V.
JEnrditt&a 'i< KoonUitui. k<>ir-
dip. (in'. .5/
EvrUnd = f'^jc he.axU, Jf.
Knnna. kr-^'mi. ft,
Knrti ^^^ Xbk. hrWirt^ Jr.
EnHJi. kiH.^iT''vi. If.
Enouof r.H]- Xontomaf.ki^tuj'-
Kmn. k*-^va''ri. It
KvTP iM Cnyp, kt.'iti, Jir
^ /lind, if,
|.kbui. I^'rwtfi, ti.
Ubau. iKl-'-'i^Tl.i, B,
l:.&blcniii. iiVi-ii'^'nuik C.
Latlfccbo. la'UL^h'. M.
UbOF* hi-tiA'rfl, .1/.
lAboaebin. lli'l*i7/6Kir'^ Jf.
Ubdulaya. )M't.c^i^)j|% Jr.
La BonrdoiLiuJi, Ii b«!&r'dEii'«
lit'. Jf.
labndor. ]liyft<fOp'. JT.
L&byilntliKi. >ll)^li-rTn'i^(li,C.
lUUdlTH, lik'i-rlTVit. .If.
, i4»'^^lE''^^0Il, C.
firn, recent. Orb, r^de, f ^11, ftm, loTod, ftfbt, ont, oUt chair, go^ sins, ^D^t tben, thin, boN.
^, BibUoftl \ C, OUMloal i S, BgyptiAo i if, Hindoo } 3^, Modern ; S, Norae. [8ae p. 646.]
LACHESIS
660
LUCmA
LftcUu. I
Li'kT*h, A,
Linnli, li-krtrP; *£
tAdkkk. tlHd«k^ Jr.
iM* la^do, jr.
ft" 'v
iK WantalM. tH nVn ilu' ; F. \i
La OuTTm. li t*rHi, .V
Luvfh. U ,:n/<iH '*.
lAbanH ki-liflr^H M.
lAki^Bl, Ilkwtl'iMl. It
l^aur. li rmilr'f M.
L*TQ*rq«« Ilk rniirlf'. AT^
L4ZEL*rtlD«. II iF^tlr J?ii'. V^
lABWb. li'ni- i.. Vh
Ji'inlMft'. V.
it.
iMJ&cAhi, 14 ITiSl'. Jf ^
Luiid&.a. I A ri ' J I in^ Jf.
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lf*T**U. MIIT-^A^L^ Jf.
Mh-kUIu. iiiilT *ilE' ', t\ Hu^
Klllft. iiiiir'i^il', V.
Hurtyu. mir'ntii-.n, <7.
M»rMl. mkrtM'. Jf.
MltUi*. ii]kr''th4, ^.
bUrUlOU, 111 Pir . h Tnill P. r, .
M*Ttl]iMM, rmir'tt iiri. Jf.
HmrttnaS. niki-l^'iiL til r^r -af I,
If
Hu-Unl. mnr-lr'uP, M.
M*rtlbl4It«, riiUMMif k'. in
Mutini, iMAi-'n^^Qflj L',
Muirv. mlT'war, JT.^
MEiy. ml^Fl^ /I. * Jf.
Huyluid. mfr^-lnnd, M
HETTlabobQ. THlr'p'baii. Jf.
HiMu. iiiB/J^xat if.
MubuD, mk^b^riiii. Jf,
Huifltoii. iiijii^i-jl^toii. C
'• ' ^i^^'z^~mVntM.
irik*'T.nT«'i4, T'.
mk*'*4<iia'^
Mmi da, niia-a'nk t F. irii^*
-4 Pill'. .V.
MmeLU, llliHfrHiT'ltK h.
IfUlUlL, TElA:^>U'1< f ',
Ku^Jou. f s., mb^V-lnn t /%
^^.--.mv', .,lf,
UnitiDger. i.iaf.'.sii'jlr* Jf.
]iUiaUp«Uiii._
Piiii-MKr'1iVpiI-L4ni', Jf.
Mat. mat. A'.
iipfi ti'dT, Jf.
Piiir4luO''rn4s J^'
ii^ah''£4i, Jf.
Ufttber, mlrti'fr. Jf. ^
^qmOa, iii4rilm'»444, W.
JVIW.IIilt'rfWTVi, fA<! JfOTM
PH-r. 'f/'^j m4-tHi'fi4T f,
HAtsy*, iiiir-'^ 4, ft.
MmtthfiW. iiiftLK''a. fL
WUttiilMM. mJit.ihi'-r,, ^.
MatUiisMu. nmrtiiH»r>n. Jf.
fSrn, reo«nt, ftrb, n|de, f^ill, Orn, food, fo^ot, ont, oU, chair, go, ■ins, ink, then, thin, boN.
B, Biblinl ; C, GlaMioal ; £, Egyptian ; if, Hindoo ; if, Modern ; A, Norae. [Sm p. G441.]
MATTITHIAH
662
MONROE
a, inIt'tT4h1''i. B.
^ mi^flftm'ba, M.
KMUk OkOBk, mak'' ehttak',
*• m, nm-ml'. JT.
klML.mou''nftl0^a,jr.
.jrtols. ini/pAKtwi', AT.
MMinpM. mfVif-pft'. M.
Ibmrlew, mft''rt-kQs.or m%-t\*
knm V.
la. mt-rT-tt'iiT-A. C.
I. mi-rTsh^-Si, If.
mj'rlorniQr'rlj
MmwoU. m»-«ff'lT; 4v, -Ifit. C.
Mast, riiout. E.
lUTortU. mA-vOKshT-l, C.
luwo, ma^wo. ar.
Mazuttw. mlkiM<n'ihT-A«. C.
lCazlniaaw,mftk»'iiivT-I'nQ»,
C.
XifrsJiDiU. ii'sMk>.''T-ii!irL^. f\
.1?. ih ■■, llM'',. 1/
Miyaisbd. .l^.^,l'l4. -V.
KaMAiWiaH iLtJ^ MmvLh!V'ii1„ V.
Kuuta. iidA4nr*ii'» t", ml'-
Muallu. mt^Miri'. V.
M^, J/.
lOw* -, mb*'tf I, if.
V<b*. ■|iil>r'iii.'», v.
M Slnxa, ut. ihftn'A.i, if.
|lCl$QiDO, 'irifN^'nirt, J/.
K^l^l. ii,fjft^ii.lfk» ,1/.
MH|ti»r. nil'ir or mf^gf r, M.
Hwox. mfl. If.
MiKklBdibtirg. iu ' k '^^ ]j ' I >' Tg :
<; in k'kii-lwijin;, M.
"Ik rjiiM.''il-lM^^ H.
, lnC-iJF''n, f*
rl|i\ .1/.
UcL
8 ». M.
lladlcv. miid^-kaB. r.\
XMUna. Arahia, nit>dC^n4 ; U.
S.. mt-<\Vnk, M.
MMUUrraiMaii, mfdT-ti^r.ri''-
If^dvli. m^d'^fi-II or roe-da''lT,
C.
m8'lT-4, r.
mMls^'iAi
Ilalita. m Kl-tA, A. ;
luCrT-td, C.
, mMQ'nA. C.
^ini'rat. M.
Msfara, mf-i^'ri, C.
ll«fal«. in'K^A-l«, C.
IfscaloctliaBMt
in if'A-Wf'A.nix, C.
Ibgara. m-R'A-rtL r.
llaglddo. mC-gid^'dA: Ibfffd-
dOD. -ilOn. /;.
M«hMa«t Ak mft-hXTn'Tt &1(;
v/^-r Kohaimaed All. J/.
KalMUlMl, mP.hn'A-b.l, ^.
Ifohlr. iiii'her, H.
Meholah. m^hn^lA, B.
M«igi> m'^frz, i</.
lf«llllng«n, mT^nTni;-«n, M.
M^lnna. ln^j n'n&. .V.
Muanchtlum, /'■•a /'ro^. Ma-
laacthoB. m'--liQk^thnn, M.
Kalboonie. in VY^m.M.
Miilfhliedak. tn 1-kiz^fr-dfk.fl.
. Ml I'Mf , C.
IfalroM, m^UriSx^ JT.
MaluB. mtnoic^, J/.
Mmd*!. nii'm«1. JT.
KMnmhu, mcm'mT-Q*. /;. &- r
MwnnOTlm, iii?tn-n(KnT-Qin,
Moipkta, mrm'fTt. A., A\ V
IfMBiilirMUCOg, mrm'f rC-mi'-
ICWa.'mrnftzhM/.
Kraar. nrna i/.
Ktnalcat, mP-iiAKkos, C.
Iftiiaa, tnS'n&n, B. ; m^•nln^,
M.
ICmaadar. md-ntn^dCr, C.
IfmdaAa. ini>iMlin'y&, M.
MMda. mSwd. JT.
"a, nu''nM«l-«An, If.
.. mPn-dft-rf'nn. M.
mOD-dA^thi, Jf.
J, mrn'f-lI'yQ*. C
1. mrn^P-tt'dn. B. 6c C.
Mmm Mar*, mt'n» mi'rP. Jf.
lf*B«Bliu. ine-n!^n1-nK. C.
IfaBMfehatti. inf-nra'tliOii, B.;
nif-n •^tn(-fli or -thtU, C.
Keago. men'gA, M.
Mralu, mi^nt-tim C
Menoba. in n^'O-bi, C.
M«BaM«at. m^nC^sC-Qa or -cQn,
f.
MraaitM. m^nf^'tii. C-
MMiOMaM. mf-iinl''f-n««. r.
Itondilkol Msachikof. or lUn-
■chlkow, m n''»liP-kOr. M.
MMitOB, mfi!«^t/).^'': It. Km-
Uma. mPn-tO''nt. JIT.
Ifaata. mPnte. — Maiai, M.
Kraa. inQn^db, Jf.
Mmnteh. m n-s&''l<, JT.
MrahlbMdMth, in^nb^O-«hrth,
Ibphltis, me.fT^'tTs. ('.
M«qBiBW or IbkiBM. mPk^.
n «.Jf.
Mcrarl, mPKA-il or ni»>ri'i1,
Mwcater. roCr-U^ter. Jf., -tOr,
mftr-a'd''*. M.
Karciixlaa. mer-ka^rl-bs, B. t(
<:.
Ifonnil. mVr.^'^. IT.
Mcribah. ini'r'T-bA. B.
Iforida. mer^l-dA, JIf.
XwtoBCth. mPr'l-On^th, M.
IftTM. intr'ft.f. C. flr ^.
Ibnpe, in«r^C-p( ; IbnpU.
-P B. C.
lUroM. me'rtj™. C.
MMTllBMk. mer^rT-milk. JIT.
IforMbarg. mPr'iw-bdbnf', JT.
M«rMJ. niPr'^iET, M.
IforthvTTydTU. mer'thCr tTd^-
" ' mC'nPk. B.
mf-»e'n(». r.
I. me'*hlk ;
-«h k. R,
[Mhed. m''»h'?d. .V.
[Mwpatamla, niiVO-pO-ti^inT-
A. /r » V.
■ mPMllA, r.
m K'nA-lT^nA, C.
. mPt^'ni, C.
HMMaa, in(ft-iC'n( < -aa, -nA,
_, inP*-ii«'nT-AL C.
. nH^»-rt'A, or
ni9)u«T^at, B.
llMtiBa. m^a^'nA. M.
IfatapoBfeiUB. mCfA-pAn'tnni:
Mttapoatas, niit^A-pOn^tQw.
MttMtatio. int-ti-«ti''zM(.
la, ni*4^
iiiMfl'
KMaona. tn»4«''rOii. C.
14i%, _
MatlMMUh. inMhn'M^ B.
Ibtop*. in^4A^p9 ; architirC'
tvrr. m^fO-pf. ('.
Mstopu. mMA^pQs. C.
KatropdUs. mMr«p>MTs, r.
KrtropoUta. mtt^rO-pO-lT''U>,
Mi' I t*rrii:h , 1 1 1.- 1 ■^ [C r- 1 1 Ik. Jl.
M«tl. n. U. V
Mcurtli*. Mi^rt, .V.
ii«ui« iitii', ; / fiif t, jr.
Mtxlco. in k.>'T')i.'i ^ Sf*. mf-
iir.kr.. V.
Mef'H-. iuI^J^r. .V.
Mflinilil^Lii*, TnP.jPrs'int-ai, C.
MBEvyt^nU, niifi Mt^-fMi'W, Jf.
ICllDl 'uili^-'nP, .V.
litimiblra, itir.7>ni-b<«'rD, If.
Mganea. ruutSn'^uA, Jf,
MUml. ii'T km'l. Jf.
IClcali^ iiiI'Li, &.
Mtctt^lOt. Tutkl^ji, fL
Kifr&Ml. F.ii'M^I or ml'kel.
/i
Ificb^ MiT'^A, «.
llic|iu«ji. rutki^vA, B.
.1/
MJchftl, Fiirkdl. fl.
Mlch*od. ni^VKfl', JT.
MicJUnJvt. inf.] 1 11*, M^
MicblfU. I^1-i^'^^E«^^, Jtf.
MicbDKita. ni? chii-fc.VAn'. Jf.
Mlicipw PiiT-»ici''*** r/
lU^klvwlca, initifc^iA'Tlch,
,w.
Mldu, n^l^ijM, f;
i.ilJ'P'* : moJAer tff Atrfio-
tf>'-t-. FllUl^'dl, f.
lCl^««J-dr rmid'jfLinJ
IfidLmd. riiTiFTHin e
Ml ■ -I ■=,r-„H-|if>, J/.
Ml ■.-..Al'. .W,
Ml •.■■ . -^.'vi^',^,
MIal^ :...'Vlk, jy..
llJAB, ^^ > , in I 'Inn t /f^i/^,
I iil'^^tn 0' niMlu'i ft. M^
liO. inr-la'Tin, jr.
Mikfth.n>irk<i, ii.
MllBila. itiT-tt"jLhT.4. C
MUeU«JiiT E(F'U»tKUfl»a, -tQft.
r ■.
M1J1I4. 5™/„ Hill j r,, mtln,
MUned. iril-lt. If.
Ml Co inT'i/i, rv
Mllo™joytScfc, tnS-ie-?i'[10-
laitca. nisS'tflTi* 1/
Mliw%llkc«. irlj Vi)'li^ jf.
MlaclD, mui''ch<\ .V.
Ml at Jill, ^llTn'.^^l-n#, C.
MlndiUi&o, rrtTfMJIii^iiA^.'h. .V.
M]n«r¥K. niS-Hf-r'ti, C.
Mlnho. iiFi^n'jrrt, M.
Mlai .pi^rnM', JV
M]rib««ta. iiiiii-r^'tA. jr.
Ml 0. rtn'.,ryf», Jf.
Mlao. ..hf 'ni\ J/.
Minorca, rnT-rfftf'ltA, JT
Mlrw, ^i{v^. r,
Mlr^otaw. mTp^vt^'rni^ C.
MlJ3(ariui. iMTii-tPf'nft tV
M|riQci*-mT-iiD'*1i.T-4, C.
Mlnya, iMTll^l-f : MlnraB^'THIt,
mFkr-inx', Jf.
Mtrabaaa, mtNA-bO^ or ra(^ri^.
Mixapoix. m(^ir-pwi', M.
Miriam, mTKl-am, B.
Mlrlmo, (iif-F^'raA. Jf. ^
Mi&L«r iiHB't-r|. /s,
MJMnapi. ihti-t»^naiu« C
MiA^i^b. Liii*'if*li, fi.
MuLul. niTfth't-^i, M-
MUIA. F Ti^'o*. Jf.
Mlut»lppi, mlir^'TR-tn't, Jf^
Mluoari. msn.'v.^ri, JT
Mlthradatea, mitlrn^I'Vtt,
niTth'rT-di''tis,£.
irC.
MltjrlMM, niTnr-l«^n«. B. : Mlt-
jima or MltfltM. mTTI-ie'-
nP. C.
Mlspah. mTz'pa ; Mlspak. -pe.
h.
MliraiB, mTz-iCtm, B.
Mkaaao, 'mkin'ire. Jf.
iSaqjo. 'inkAn'TO. Jf.
Mkltaaba. 'mk^^imliA, M.
MnaialciM. nA^tllccn. C.
nb^T-kWs, C.
_. iiA-«T^pQs, C
rA'tbn,B.^C.
.. nNml^am, C
nC^mSn, r.
J. n«-n)fi«'l-B^. C
iiit^l-U^'Oft, C.
a, ii«-«Tm'A-k9, C.
Matvto, nl'vis. r. 4- E.
Mbab. mO'^kb ; MeaMta. -ftb-n.
mfMUmi'A, -V.
Mobai^i. mO-bin'jl, Jf.
MeUW: in(M>er. If.
M =:■.:..!. ■ ■■
Mvr]|i. iih."'f1r, f '.
Mo#rp. nt?H'rS, Jf*
MoKlA. nif fhl-a. C
MwUi. uifl'i tu. B.
Mofulon. M.lbf'-A^ar', Jtf.
Movot \M^i\V. M.
Mobwi hiftKAch^, JT
MoMmmid, ntf^hwm'mt^kj, M*
MohAwk. Uin*ft*,k. jr.
Mcibfi^La. rnr'-^^''^fla, J£.
Meicin iiiwin, jr.
Molr rrt,,|'#r. Jf.
MaitkA. <ini'-\M,'\k, .IT.
Mok^dl tFi/-h.iHi'4T^ Jf.
Moldao. MiiMMna, Jr.
MoJtUTlk i<inMrv^4, JC
MfAteh. in/i'[ k, Fi.
Mohir^. TFir^f^fJ^, Jf.
M lU iKFnT, Jf.
Mblffi:b m^F'tpk, K.
Mt!\ukAL. TnM^kf^ jr.
Moluceu, loiMftk'kAz, JT.
MoIamM. t^ir^imm'hf, M-
MatjlJflU;. lTknr'l-n<!?ik«', JK
M*mbaA.rLi&Fii4>b'. Jf.
MaiDbau, iri^TiHbi^iA. Jf
Mambata. inFi<iin-br7ii''U'iv, Jf*
M«ol«aB«, mi^i-in'n'cft. Jf.
M«mpoJt. FTifTrHiiSlh', jr.
M«miU. tnfl'mf^-', I.'.
M«ri.ifO. rib^^n'k-k^, IT,
M«ii&4neck, nir-Tii4'r>Ak. If.
M»iim K»idJ, iiMi''nA kilt ''a?.
At
Mo&A litiicf. mfl'DA mtn'^«
/f
Moiia T«iida, tna'uA ti>n^44,
if
Moad(««, mUn-ai'VA. Jf.
Mondanjra. tnrinMlnn'iiA. If*
MoniriUU n.^iy jra^HA, Jf.
M^DFoUlL ^^^n^fl*IK Jf
MiiDDii^iAiaA. |]tfW)6n.fA.bi'«
MftnonsiUla. mJ^-ii<l^a-Ct1l^
Monroi, nirL[k-r{i'« Jf.
a, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; ft, 6, 1, 5, ft, f^ ahort ; seul^t?, Svent, tdea, 6bey, finite, c4re, ttrm, &ak, ^I, finoL
B, BibUcal ; C, ClaMical ; h\ Egyptian ; //, Hindoo ; M, Modern ; J\r, Nona. [See {i. CM.]
MONROVIA
6C3
NICODAMUS
KtairoTla, mBn-rS'TT-d, M.
Mods im n». J/.
Voiitaf^iM. iiiOn-tiii^i
/. III. N'taiiy''. M.
iiiOu-ti'iiA, M.
Heatargli, inO.^^uiKxhe^, J#.
MoBteabiui, inCN^t /!«»'', J/.
MontBUne, niOx blfix. 3t.
Mont Cenis. niCy m-hS^. M.
Moate&agxo, mCn'tJ-ni'^xr^.
MoBtenf. mttn-te-rl''. .¥.
llOllte«P«B. lllON'UVpOil'', J/.
MoiitMwaimi, inOn^t^s-kO'^t
Z'. iiinn'kVkP-C'. .V.
MoBtavldM, ludnpttTe^dA-n,
MoBtgoBary* mOnt-gfliu'^er-T,
Mmitlioteii. mfiK^tOOdx^ JIT.
XoBtlcallo. Italu, mAn-t^
M.
MoBtnftrtra, mOK^mlKtr. JT.
MoBtBiorMiey, inOif^iii(/r0M'-
»*'. J/.
lbBtp«U«r. intinta6'lT-«r. M.
Mon^imar. mOK^Klvi^. JV.
MaatpMirtw. mO»'p8ii'»e-I^.
L, mBnf rtH|K,Jf.
I, mQu-trOz', if.
bM. m»n Mm'bT, JT.
XoQtteB. iiUM-Un', if.
Moor*. niOr. M.
MftOTmhodM>nl.
lnO&KBh^d-&-bld^ JT.
Mopoeo. mfWpO'kO. Jf.
KoraSkted. nin-rid^A-bid'', if.
Ifonar o^ Momj. mflr'^t. JT.
MorWIUMi, niOr^ON'', M.
Kordecal, niOKde-kt, ^.
, mft-rt'A, ir.
, mfi'rC', Jf.
ri'ni, M.
MorUix. mtsAP, M.
Moray, nittr'n* or mOi'ni', M.
, rofiKpht-lis or -f 08,
Momll, inOKrrl or in5r^r«r,
Mmovw. m^'^kn ; /£U4<. Ida-
kn^ ifi&*k,*l'H .V,
HosMkoDgbn.
itsfis's^^VrtTPi-'irwa. ,1/.
IbBlMt. iftfA^tn, ir^
trlqi»K f nfl- T.ti \nA^f\ ' Jf .
MpuBft. '|]i[>ii'^riii, .If
Mpnilfi/mpwH^lr,, ^f
Mpanfa. 'nipiVmV^ -V
MtuU, riir-T&'lt* M.
"inptwi^ .V.
MSWKT. 'fUriwar, .1/,
MlcmlnrB, fM^uv'h^^, yf
Mil TnO, A".
MowiAMttU, mvl'M mA'DO,
Mnegl. inytr'^Y. ,V.
Mng.gs. • ii-:ry'i:l, M.
MoifWiLrdl*. iiiuu'-wir'd^. M.
MohlsiiMrg. -Inrg, lua^Kn-
M ihUuMMn. mvl-hou'zen. J/.
MohOTa. ni<J&-hd''v4, AT.
Muiri. iiiwCrT, Jf.
MnkoUa, iiiA-korii. M.
Makondo, mA-kCn^dT. if.
Mnkurl. mab-kS/r^, M.
Mnlde. iiKJordf . M.
Mulambft. m<J&-U<iii^b4, M.
Miliar. inyKlfr, M.
Mnllar. inuKier, 3i.
Molready. niftier. d-T, M.
Mnmbamba. mQm-btni'bt. M.
ihaaaaii. mnn-clid^iwn t
Miiwchhaiaaa. luvuk'*
hou-x^n, if.
" mdbn'dA, Jf .
I, mdZHi-dOb^kdb. jr.
. ma^'nlk ; G. MHa-
ninii''ah^n. M.
nidbn^n, N.
nUJb-nJJ'nO, M.
MnooB, inAn-y(Kh', M.
MWNU mfSb^'i, M.
Munatar, Ireland. mttn'stSri
GertHOHift vnObn^BUiT, M.
Mnnyehl*. mO-nlk^-A, C.
Mnrbr MahT. mdbr. M.
Marat, imj'rk' or mft-rilt^, Jf.
MvaTlaf or MaravieT, xaGb-
ril-Tif '' or md6-i*.vP-. f '. .If.
Marda, mCr'sht-A, C*. 4- M. :
Sp. mdbr'thC-*, if.
Marlllo, nkJb-ril'^yO or mtl-rTl'-
10, Jf.
■ - md^«i'bA. if.
maa-kkt', if.
aa, mDa-ki-tJn', if.
Maacogaa, mQt-kO^g^, M.
Umeory, raQs'kn-vT. if.
Maaaa, mQ-aS^ii **"*"iTff. -Qin,
Ma^kiafvm, mfla-kTo^frOm. Jf.
Moapalfiala, nuXw^l-hlra. .V.
Mmmunba, md&MAm^bA. Jf.
eble, nm'^chJ. Jf.
Miittna. mO'sliT-tts. C.
Mntamoa. mA-UK>>mO''4, M.
Mwvml, mwfl&'nif, M.
Mjrcala, mTk'A-lC, C.
Myeana. -na, int-*8'ne ; ^la,
-nia, C
MycO(BQa,mTk'&-or rat-kO^nflo,
MynJa, mTr^A-lt, C.
l&ra. mT'hl. A. Sr C.
Myriaa, mT-rt'ni, C
Myrinna, mT-rt'nOa or mYKT-
iin«. ('.
lona. mer-mTd'O-nP, C.
inTzh'l-*, //. » C.
.J, int-fOr', Jf.
Jena, niitT-I«'n?, T. V if.,
Mktklix. Jf.
■onow. innhE-xO^nnT, Jt.
nba, 'mzOm'bC, Jf.
N.
Naanuui, ni'&-mln, B.
Naaran. nS'A-rftn, B.
Naaa. nb, Jf.
Naaabon, nt-l«h^n, B.
Nabal. nl^b&l. 8.
Naboth. nl'bOth, /;.
Nabneliodoiioaor.
nlb'Q.kft-d8n'f>.»dr. B.
Naeolia. nlk-d-ir& or ud-kO''-
IT-A, C.
Nacona, nlk'ft-n$ or ii&-kO''n^,
Nadab, ni'dlb, B.
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NICODEMUS
664
PALMERSTON
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/?, ^bUcal : C, CUaaical ; ^, Bgyptiao ; N, Hindoo ; M, Modem ; J>r, Noraa. [See p. G46.]
PALMYRA
665
PILLAU
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PAnm&rlln. p<a r^d rix&r'^ I - bA, J/.
FuuL. 5'i''jan, jTf.
PtrutL rii-ri-Til'', Jf,
Pirimir. iwUTt'iiii, Jf
/ ^,4^6', if.
P^rUll. [ii^ rTsh'T.T^ C.
Fu-mcD-u. iiir'uiif-nrT^ fi. V r.
Pu-auiiUn jt*r-r»4i''-nt : pgx-
auu, 'iif'Rntt Fmrnuios,
.»,-.'-.. -v., r'
Puu, 3 (i'rTi*, r. * Jf
PiTThMlM, lAr-rt'-ht-ii, r.
PirthSEll. ]Mir---lTl"'ilT : fill. ElT-
■ 'i . ■]'.: -lis,
rurthtnlc*. pb-4h|(n'T-«<>, C.
ParthtnoB. pilKthe-nSn. C.
ParttMBopt.jAr-then'^d-p^, C.
FwthU. pii^thT^ C.
Farthtone, nlr'thWnP. C.
Parthlal. par4h1'n1: •nos, -dDb,
Pfcry»My*. E»t.TT»'A-n*, r.
pAftcaJ. mJ1»''IiI] r. liiLi-'Kip;' IT.
PudeCMUOf iitl -le-k^'liL'. M.
PAM&h. [»V-<^'1, ft.
Puma. |i-i'h*-ri(i, f^.
ParitolM. pA-«Tt'M«z. r.
PaalMTlteli or PaaUwitMb,
pju-ki^'TTch. ar.
Panaic. pCiHifi''Tk, M.
PaaaaMiqaoddy,
pl»'i4-mA.kw8d'Y, JT.
Paaiaa. niU^anu, M.
Pataconla. pit^-gO'^nT-i, M.
Patara. pftt^E-r&, J3. ar C.
»-* n, pftt'er-ftQn, Jf.
Pathroa. pftth'rSs A.
PatOMM, pKt^iiiSe, h. Sf Jr.
Palm, pii-trii'. M.
Patrodet, jAf^rt^-kMz, C.
Patroclu. pi-tro^kias, B.
Pa«. |i4'Q, fi.;pO,Jf.
Pavl. p,(l, H. ar M.
Pavla. p,/l«. C.
Paulina, pa-u^ni, C. ; 4e'^n4.
Paai«^maQs, JB. & C. ; pou'-
Pflffaais,
jn-a'nY-aB, C.
pil.vA.jr.
Pawtoeket, p^-tok^rt. Jf.
Paxoa, pikft'^Sfl, C. 4- M.
PMbody.pe''bM-T, .v.
Paarca, pSre or iiCrs, JT
Paanoo, pCr^sOu or pSKsdo,
Pe-Obaa-Iaa. oS-ehS-l!'', Jf.
PmIm pc^j*: J/.
- p{g^4.«I> ; -ras, -sfls,
_ liP^.^' if.
_ _ Ho, ^JS-hfl*. if,
Fekali, itf^kA. it.
PaklA, P«-ki D ^. f'r-klif , •kTng',
PrtBffltti.i'^tt'lT-Ei*.*^'
PeiiHh. ivl'ii.iV '^-
Pe 1 jrf-la*'jf = 'fla,-jT-4,C.
pe Ji. » n4i'*r3r
Pe . r:''l.e. /f-
P«il|U|«i, iH^XH-dtM, €.
Pellaa, irf-lfa*. iJ. .- pE'U^i,
PalldM, r'f-^' Mir. C
Psllan, (J iNOUHitiiii, pi^lJSxi ;
««ii of Ptlewi. t^AVon, C.
Palopida, pC-lOip'l-de ; -daa,
PolopoxiBMaa, pri'0-pOn-nS'-
•a*. C
Pelopt. pC'ISpe. C.
Paloras, ^-Wxcm ; -m, -rfis,
PatvitauB, p^.ln'BhT-aIn, C.
Punba. piin'bdL, Jf.
P«m1>iiia, pCm'bf-nA. Jf.
Pembroke. p«m''bnX)k, Jf.
Penang, pT-nftmr'^, Jf.
Penatae, p^ni'^Cz. C.
Penelope, pt-nf I'ft-pC, C
Penlel, jj^nlM, it.
Penaiyrrania, pSn-«Tl-vi'nT<«,
Penobeoot, p^n6b''llkat, Jf.
Penrbyn, prn'rTn, Jf.
PeBrl&, prnMth or pC'rTth,
Penxyn. p«i/rTn', Jf.
Pensacola, prn-AA-kS'li, Jf.
PentapoUa, pj^n-tEp^Mii, B. tt
Penfl'^). ; " r.:i'i 1. n. ^
Pe'5l!i.--:-:' ; ■ rfln-'. .W-
Peor. i-'T-r. ^i^
PeoilL ljf-fi'r%4. V
Peptn, ijMtfnpfr*'!!! rN- plp'ln;
Vpftf. Jf.
f..".}'
Pe ■ -.'r/T.
Pe f [i'Th
Pe: > . riimt jH^r'^-'STT'TuDit, f.
rt, -kf.
PetVtb. pP'r^fch. a.
Perei. I'.-'r ,, ^,
Per-.. ■ ■' ,. .';.
Pe. '-■A-in^V: -mana.
•ji.^ ii,. .....la, -*iJi''»a; "inie.
•mTs ; -mom. •ninm ; -mne,
-mn«, (7.
Percamoa, pCr'^d-mO*, ^.
Pergola, pir-'Ki'-lA, .V.
Perfdaa. pPi^i-klC-''A: -cUdee.
-kll'dSz ; -cUtnt. -klTtuii, C.
Periclei. per'l-klfz, (\
Periclyttti.pr».nk'n-tn», C
P'rlgord. pVrfVrtr', .V.
Ptfrignenz, pft'rf 'gB''. Jf.
Periadte.p?KTz.zit, B.
Pennenae. pI!r^^I^■na«, fi.
Pemambuco, p^r-nam-bC&'kO,
M.
Pemaa, p^r^nou. Jf.
Perplgnan, i)f r'pfn''yej«', Jf.
Perqnlmani, per-kwim''anz,Jr.
Perrault, pl'rO'. Jf.
Perrot. pn'rt', Jf.
PerMVs. per-rf'08, C.
Pereea. pCr-se^A; Pereela, -^%,C.
Pereephone. per-fitl^o-nf, V.
PenepoUe, pCr-eJip^C-lie, ij. tf
i
Per
Per^i*! .
Pe?nm». ;.-r'-| '.fl*. C*»
Pei^^a1>;h(ir. |i- c-MtHglir% ¥.
Peru. iiT r-K', H'y.. jj-r«i', Jf.
PerQ^jU. rii'rttt^j*, if.
PerniJi, i..''^rn'.hT4, C',
PeiciiiarA, n ^i-kf^l^rfe, AT.
Peabawflr. i>l-.»tM>n'"*r, M.
Pesi^iiaiE). jt ^jiUm'tJ, .If
PeEUv |i-t: hn»g, i^f.\i\., M.
Fetor i.r-'ier, ff. V J/.
Pet«rtl>aTA. pP'l^rt-t^rc, V.
Pet«r«ju:delni pP.-iSr-V4H ' :tn,
Petri.. pD'tNi, r. V Jf.
PeLTKq,, ]i*-li-f'i, C .V .V.
PetriTch, ifC^'tiflrkn ft. Pttxtf-
ci, jr.i ttir^k*, Jr.
Petroniu. l^-trfl'nl riJt, C.
PetnpuTadik,
Iia^nVnl-fSd! k' Jf.
Peulthal.jif-ririua, /jIk
Peyton. vi'tfiJir >f
p^xflTifti.pdiK'iia, Jf
Pftlrtef. /:. It'l^r k o, riii'er,
>/.
Pbi«tht>iL. a'M^fln, n
PbiiLB.r», t*-i3''?i1. r.H- i;ii.]''A-rA:
<..■... Fhaleia, fA-lt'ri, r.
Pbitexii, tftj'ftKr!*, r.
Pb«Uu, 3^ IE'rt4, h, I u*if^»,
(
Pbi^eniB. cwi" Q^ rAif La^'Uhm,
PbAnuJot. rBij''[A-*f)i, t.
Pb^Li^us] I'l'iin'rt, IL
Pb»ir&aioDd. flj-''AFTi4ANd or
l;i ru.ni,-,\\.V.
K.
Pharea or Pharei. fl'rtz, B.
Pbariaee. fAKi-sP. H.
Pbamabans, f&r^nA-bS'z&t.C.
Pbamace. f&r-ni^e^. C
Pbamacea or -da, fkr-ni'uh^-A;
«/«o Phamada. flr-nA-brA,
Pbarnacee. fir'ntt-«8z, C.
PbaroB. fi'rnit, C
Pharpar, fAr^'pAr. J?.
Pbartalia, fAr-nilT-A, C.
Phanu, fi^mn. C.
PhaieUs. fA-i>«'llB, B. V C.
Phebe, f5'W, /i.
Pbeneni. a man, fr-n^^nn t
Pheneu or Phenenm. n /(Uv
owf/ city, fS^uC--Qs, or f5'iif-
nni, V.
Pbeng-Hoo, frnjt-hrtft', or Pea-
eadorea. p'H-kB-dft'K», Jf.
Phenice. ff-nl'»P, i5.
Phenida, f(^-nT8h^l-A, B.
Pherenice. fJr'P-nT'sC « Plwre-
niciu, ff r^f-nl'kns, C.
Phldiae. fid'T-o*, C.
Phidyle. fid 'MP, C.
Phigalea, fig'AlS'A or fT^'W-
A. C.
Phigald. fr-Rl'IM, C.
railadelphia, HI'A-d.Un'A, C;
lil'A-d.l'fl-A, Jf.
P43J*. n'lr, r.
I Pb^iiiii^thei, nt'A-iKth»i, a
I PtilwrijOB. i^-K'-'man, £C, « Cl
PtiJtU* iMT'tti*, n. \ t;.:A^
..■ xax.. ir.r ; 'Ida. 41^ O'.
'phil]flf.T. r'.'r.4ar. Jf.
iPbUip lii"!'. /f. V.V.
Ipbasppi, ti.ltih'T, fl, A-c.
I Pbuippluii, iT'liii'l-rjnij B-
Pbinrpioe. lU'^U^iu, Jf.
Pli=''^tin*. f|.Jt*'ttii.B.
Ipb ii'ii\a
Pb 101, ni'f-^kTii. i\
Pb . t&ua. rr-lflfc'nm?*^, C
Pb^isT^. i*i«i. ni'ck-LE'iii. r.
PbiliHtftmui. f3l'r-ilA''inhbi PU-
PhilwUce. fMM'Mf, i\
Pblh>ii»n«i, r:-im'r-iif£, t'.
PbUoloiTDJ. fr.mi'f>^iri*, /J. !t c;
Pbitooiftiibe. fi'liHiu^^ k( i Fbl-
lomacboi, tt'iflin'*'ki>*, t;
PkUaiDela, i\\'^mV\^\ Itti,
fll-S-mflflr
-I . .
Pblloisetor,
-tr^r. n \ V.
Pblli^twrnnir ril'^pf'm0n» C.
PliiluitTi,ttt*, n-!ft*''trA'tni. t*H
Pi:i-t!i«M, M ift'cijP.as c;
PI nnmia. lil'ii-ifinn^t f'-
Pl E, jiii'^r^rKE PUfiAbat,
PfaLn«aj. ftn'f^n»oii tTuQi, C
PfaJiSKetbcn, fl B^c-tlifln, t',
FhJftBOD. ill 'nfln, i^. 4- C.
Pbocf a^ I ■ ■-■ '■■*4t f-
PI .MfcC.
PI \ c
PI : lh qr fn'iflet C
Pb..:,Ji., i--..:iT^Tl, c
Pb«{iU» l^'*i* : P^KU, flfkOA,
Ph»i», f^'hP. e.
Pb{>t>1tla. If '[trip. c.
PbatiicB. i^AiV^y or Fk«al*
c]a if -riT-li'l-A. €
Pboiilctti, IJ-tbrkfl-. r,
PbnnLx. ]*^ilk». C ^ Jf.
PborlDlD. JAr'nil-O, t'.
PbotptiDrQi. fn»^ffi'Kli, C-
PboiJnji. K^''.ll^(^l.. a
PbruU*. iTi\A^ttty r.
Pbro^. Ini, K.
Pbruldotni. trAH*^Ti]^r>4ni. C,
Pbruimtde. J rliK'l-inF'il?. C
Pbiysla. friJ'i-A. /t^ <•.
PhiyuB. Ih'lif 5 Phryaajrt'oltt
f '
FbtMa. I^t'l, r.
PLvi^Ha. ITj'MA**:^,
PbvhcM. f il'A-ktu, r.
PbvlHnj^biu. fl-lflm'A-kn^ C.
Pfev;.tirjiEa. (■J''-iMPhf'fl'i:|, J^H
Pluv*. i.r.si'vfl, Jtf.
Pt-vi^i. [■?■»! ^s^,Jf.
Pii:i.r47. (iik'Ar..lT. jr.
Ptfr-EilJi.. ]lt-hr]l'BhT^.C.
Pic tn tin! pl^Cn-tl'm, C
Pic titiQH], [i^*^'nQti], C.
Pic :]li^gXTI,J>e-H'lfJ3|, J(.
PI. Uiu. iilS -[.!?.', .tf.
Plf rimoot. I'S-KuiilliTil, .V.
I .
Pierce. pBre or pf r«. Jf.
Pierla, pM'rt-A or pl'e.rt'4,or
Pierea, pTfr-re'A, C.
Plerldea, pt^Kl-dJz. C.
Pierla, pI'e-rTs I Pl«m. fff't-
rn», a
Pierre, p^ir', Jf.
PUate, pTldt. £.
PUatw, pt-li'tfls, C. ; pC-lI'*
uHta. JfT
Pilcomayo, pYl.kO-ml'd, JL
Fileser, pt-W'zfr, B.
PiUaa, piKlou. Jf.
fSm, reo0nt, drl>, r)|de, f^Il, Am, food, ftfbt, ont, oil, chair, bo, ainff, ink, then, thin, boN.
^, Biblical ; C, Claasical ; E, Egyptian ; //, Hindoo ; 3f, Modern ; N, Norae. [See p. 646.]
PINDARUS
666
READING
nw, pTn'dA^s. C.
fiauL pP-St'iC or p^-Si'^zT. M.
— , pt-ii^e-Os or iit-i<^as.
flraiii. jiT-rt'''fjs '■
FIMU, i.J-h'T-ir*. »".
Ml'ffifi ^^ -
ri«BiiB, ui rh^ni ft- tc f .
PI Dto. jit >1l». .If.
jr
nut>«nut, pHn-ii[''^n [. Jf.
fLiquKlBi. iillt rn*ii'. Jf
]*UMneift. |i1^*i?n*!hi* t, if.
riiaMy. r>L4u'^ t'
rutai. |4i'ie^ftL n»4A, pli^
fUlQl ty- fUbiW, pIl'tAf, Jf.
FMlw
PiBlHri |^L1'•^, JT.
PliiniDj^DB, iili*ia-Tnlr^-4ni,
If :
PltTnA. iilVni, M.
riwh . r Pidtik, lacit^Vf. JA
Pluurchu. jiln t&r'kfi*, i\
pititdi. i-ln'ifii^ t'-
Pl^uupaUi, j>nrii'nth. M.
rp*b«bli. fii i-'f-iii*. f \
PodaJM. irf^t .i.U-^4.n.'PQdiill&,
P<mUUa. |xVrE<^^Ei<4, 4' PftdaUk,
|i.-,..Lrhl-k', J/-
P*Dl. iHT-^tiT, f,
PofM. iVflf*!!!. J/.
Ptoitm. ]iHAMb'..V.
PtiU&d. iKft'trttnl [ foft** Pfll
PoUj^ubc, [».V'l/*Ti'vJllii'. J^
PoLiU4. |.-^rT-!*'l *■.
PoloUlE i.-mi''*', XL
PoJyintu, F^U-i-ffO^. r.
pDlrGnlH. piMTk'rMr*, ''-
fOlYdASUU, pflKT^IlrM^tll. f'
pQlydora, rJfl^l-dO'rAj PMrdn-
m*. .fu, t'.
pDHybymaU, jtOrT-hlin'iiT-t or
PqIjquiIl (ifl-lTni'iiT-i, f ^
pDlfaKliai. prwlTin^ii itnt. <"
Pb|Vii|«d4, pi&t'T-iUf'ilF i -dH.
-fSr/. f.
PolffiitdOnH |»n-lTTn''i^r|P(i7^ Tr
Piiii1ya«si&, fiM-r-rkiP'-hT-A. .V
PflHypbvoiDt, i>ni ' 1 -t? ' ni n ■ . c V
PatjTAth^atiBf . |piMi>.''ihP-ii7i, t\
Pamftrki4iH |k^iu-r-ri'ni-A t f2.
PbmiBdfrft, riAi<i''nitm, M.
I FomptU, pOnvpl'yA i Foa-
I pMOS. pBni-pe'yni, C.
I FoaptiMiw, pOm''p(-yi^nDi,
FtKiTjpiiii. K'li-fie'jT. f; pfSm-
I j ■■ 1 ■ . }f
Vom^tfj I'Oni'^pi, .If.
, PDnipau. r^in-pi I '1-4 1 Ra-
'> Putujw. |..-.'!jft-|*I\ .If.
' Poota d* Uoa, itftn'thfl fli li-
ft-,'. </,
FoadJchflfTf , prtn-iiT^hfr't I F.
p{mdie:bi!tT, |n^«*'diyVba fC^.
M
ranlft««wikJ. |)^'nf-&-mv'ik«,
.If
.J.1, J/
Foblciiutnlii,
(iriiitHsyiAr-irln', Jf.
F«&(«1lHhCt. iHScii'tr t. .V.
FQOtuc.i*<^M'rMk, .V.
Fwilliu. iNfvu'pht-nt. f.. Pkib-
\ni. fi.
' PwHUJl. 'N PgjLI. |li'?*''lli. .1/
, FapftcAbu. iHiirti.U'biak, if.
FopUcol», lV^[i^Jtb,'rt-l*. ' '.
FopDCkUptU, ^pA''klit-4Hii -
I ForphyroftGLBittU, jiAf-TU i^-
PoTMniiA. ihTir^ n'liA, or Par-
PorUlii. |»Ar■ll^]f1^ If,
Port H PrliK*, |kAri' rt'^prtu*'.
Port MhhoQ. TJVft mi^h(tii'. If,
Potto Kico i^r'tfJ r^'kft ■■ ^f^
Pwrto Bico. pwiir'iJi rf'lifi,
1/
Porta*W. pflri*i^1'. .If.
PortimvTitll. f-flriji'jrjnni. Jif.
Fortii^r it^r'tn if:iit ( fV i'A'"-
li"*rM-ii|i'"+ .W.
toata Itfl'f ■ n i, I'fji't,-.'. PsEii&n,
kvznliu, frf!i.^tl(fi'iiiii>, f\
kuzBiu. |M^-'th^-iiiii>. r,
r<MiloUHnjt.jrfVi't| thttit, If.
'^-^' jjv--tn'iiii-ni«. ' .
tfi. .If.
pol*a». ) -It:. II '^4, .If.
t»ottpbfcT. r'.T's f*r, it.
pQtiphcrjvh. p-,-nf'f-t*. ?J
r DtUntouli. 1*1 1 A-*ni ' iv
11,1. V.
, pDUflhkMpil#,jrfi-1«in'»lH .V
PoQttln. M' 5 p **■»'► ^W
FvrtUitu ^«>ii'h4 Uii'. Jf.
PoHffl. [Ill '^1., .If.
pT»dt. prAI.Jf
I Prftod. i^rS^l. .V.
, FftutUfl |irij; ft pHMEJiril^ .V
Pta&le dB, CM«I1, |irf ''HP Ir?,
.^.-■ii'. .V.
FtilxIUi1««, piilliiHEi'M^^R, ' ;
I PrshU. iin^li'l, ,V.
|trfl'vrt.*4lH .V
tirl^A-iuftP, t -
PribTioT, pK^i.f-ia»', .V.
FriiMilta, prfp'nTti, ir
Ftisntea. Tif|ini''trus .¥.
PrltdUiK. prT-Ml'ti, /E jr C.
PrvcJiDTiii |.(Ok'"^np. fi. 4r C.
ProcbTt*, prCk'vti, f/.
ProcaplOi, nri'-kfl'pTxfii, C.
Plocrli iiFri'krt*. f .
PMc Jti ti . f trf "►It 1+a II » t \
|...'..,||,M'lbll». f.H
?np*itliii. prD-ntr'ihi-^t, C.
PropoDtU, prft-pfln*tT>. €.
Tlopf^mA. prWj/Ul'A. r,
PniorplAL prf^^r'n: tiA, f*.
PxaUfwu. prf-Uff^Vfjj*, C.
PntMa, lit^^tf^oM^ r.
c.
FrotogWMt. prA-UIJ^n8i, C.
prtyvttss'. M.
lattw. PHhI ii^chT-a», C
hoa. pr9'^d0!«^ Jf.
1*. prOih^A or prO»h'T-A,
Fratli. prAth t O. pnXiC. JT.
• pxhSm^Ul, Jr.
■U-mA-ni'zir,
•O'dft-lBi, C.
PriWT, p«kAv. Jf.
riyelM. •I''k^ C.
PUtoa. ti^l^A ; PtotooB, tl'lf-
»n, C.
Ftarift, tC^rT-A : Ptorim, ti'rT-
»n. a
, t5K»-inf'Qro. aUo
C.
ftltUci.,, jintHlinh'T-*: JlU,-!-
^bUcQliK. pntKllk'lWH. f ^
^□bUvi, pi^lt'll n*. ti. 4 t.
Pitdlc4, pnili'hi, r.
rIll^bl«, pw . tt'^lt. If,
Pii*i?io. r*** ii'^i'^. Jf
FaSvbdffirf, pfir'iii-d^Ff 4
I fp. Piif.ii4ert, p<Hi'Iia.1ftrf. If.
lpB#ot. K'fl^ lor(»^^jili4Mf.
Piluiu. pfi.l»*'ki i rfJt-A r*.
' PBlel. f,h1J.I'^h^«. Jf,
Pb1J*jtj. r-'Tjintn, Jf.
PnlUntr. pflJt'ni^ Jf,
I tux^b, Tpnn-i&Th'. if,
I pitr^d^itoM. |.w?'clr4rtfp.^ Jf.
iP^nasl. iri»:.ih*''"T . PTfl-m»a»,
I H(>„, ^.
PynuOton, nTg-niinT-On, C.
! PjrikdM. DiK*-diz, C.
1 Pyto, pl'll^. <'.
" pTr^A-mQii; -raa, -aQs,
Pyrwiai, pTr-^nC^ ; -w, -Ht,
_ pt-T«'nP, r.
Pyr>n— » plK^-nCz. Jf.
Pjrvtu. a cratoMr, iit-ri^tn* t
« iitvr, plKP-tn*, v.
Pjmnoiit. pTr'mnnt, Jf.
PyrrhMnn, plr-r«'Om, C
PythACOTM, pT-ihAg'ft-rcw, C.
PythMLt. pUh'^oK, r.
PytiiMU, plth^NOs or pl^thOt,
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REAUMUR
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SARDINIA
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Bar^^vtu. *f r-v>r''tA< ; s^k |«r-
v«to, . f >l^d5. Jf.
Barvta M^KTi-fc, JlT-
Ba . . 1 V^ IT-
Ba ■:ii.*?jJW''tnii, r.
Ba :.^''A.M.
Ba - .M -. .'tr-t»
Bath. -^'^ih. fi
BaibQii. rf'iiiOn, r
Bathnr »r'fi<ff, ^
Barqbii. di-iiiii'tjat '»r ftalat
ii:-*i - Ml ohJ^ jr.
y.'H^.**. *fl.v**tft'ii(ij, jr.
Ba-nra. -i'vf'f^ i 8»wftnut-rQs,
C.
Barani. »'v'prn. M.
Baviar, irf>-veK, M.
BcTlsntf. rfUvJn'jrt or at^T^n'*
BaviUa, •J'v'Tl or rf -tH' i Sp.
BaTlUa. Kt-vil'yl. jr.
Barra. f4vr, JT.
Baward. tA^'erd. if.
Baztla. «. kB't(-4 : Bazttai. -tT-
ilw. C.
Baxtili*. •i^k^-tl'lTB, C.
BaychaUaa, at i«hcr. jr.
Baymoar, t^^ni«r. JT.
Bfona. Bfflrt'A, jr.
Bhaddai. »hkd'«-T. B.
Bhadrach. oh&Mrftk. B.
Bhakaspaara, ^akipaara, or
Bhang-Ba
gbapnain
Bhakfpara. nhSk't^p^r, ..
Bhamariah. *\\lL\\\'&-t\^k, B.
' aharn'ml.T. B.
JL. •ham.niQ^Ai B.
BaU I'bane-hl^. JT
I, Bhi'Ain ; -Cm, -ttn,
Bluual. BhlKM. /7.
BharoB. RhAr'Sn. B. k M.
BharohaB. ^hA-ru^h'n, U.
Bhaahai. ^hft-h^'l-T. fi.
Bbattal-Arab. BhiitH'U'riih.ir.
Bharah. kIi&'v«; BluTah-Klrl-
athalm. »hi'^v<>.kir^i^thi'^-
Tin. /;.
BhawangBBk. shnn Vnm. JT.
Bhaba. Bkabali. BheOtA. B.
Bhaboygaa. i^hr-btii^iran, JT.
8hacham.«he'k.-m. //.
ShaamaM. »hrr-n(s^, M.
Shalali. shS'ia. B.
SbalBmiaL oliP-la'^inT-fl. B.
Sham. *^^ m, B.
Bhamalah. 8h''m^ft.T'&, B.
Bhamariah. *\\>m'k-A'k. B.
Bhamlramoth. kli£-iiiTr^4-ni5th,
//.
Bhamaal. »hf-mO'~l, 7?.
Bhanandoah. kh n'kn-dO'A, M.
Bhanaaar. oh^ni'iEar. H.
Bhaphathiali. »h' i'kA\\Vk^ B.
Shaphatlak. »h rA-tl'A. B.
Bhaphuphaa. •>h^■fQ'fkn. B.
Bhaahach, the'shkk, B.
nttbbaaar, iJi^l^U«^nc, B
Bk9b[d}i«tb. >t»Tl»''b,vkilh, K.
Bki&aii. .[ir'n^it, H
Bkjujpoor- 'fiilk *j--irtar', M-
Blluc. >]ji'li-., it.
Bllu«)*b. -i.Mn^*. /;.
Sk.idh *s,i']o. ^. ft if
8kJni»^tii, .(iim'e-*th» It.
BkiDiti.'lirin'M* A
8klci*o|i. 'hltit^r-An^ /J^
Bklmr] fi.ni'flL rttfc.^t^ft
BhlnullKi. »lt1n\'ttitT it-
BkiUAJ 'iit-^rirhr. /I.
8hlrm«. Kli^'^nij;, if.
• lil%hJ
Bkittla. "lilt Him. /I.
MhtiHa -ttA'UiU ti.
It. V
Bki^wibuy . t M. . mhr^m*^ff*Ji
■hnptliirv. •lifSp^f-Lft^ iw 9tr
BtiliiUH. ''li^'Hlm^, /t
Bhu&ainiiElt#, ^h-Ti^nlm-tl, t^
Bhiutian. flii.Tk'fhl.n. ti-
Blam >L-n>n^ '« tf-4lm^ JT
Bibbacal ^t BIKbH^tet tlb')*.
Bfljarl*, *T l^'fT^, JT
Biiwiii. -ti'^j- Tu ^:■
8lbJU». -T tsTi'it, r.
BlCMl -t ki'i.T .* ok'MiLC
Bicu,la. *T.4l'i»< t. t\
Bic&niu. *Vkd''nn*» CI
Blcard. *f kir'. jr.
Bichvn. -rk^ m, a.
Bimu.«i j'li'i.j^ a
Blcily, -iff'l «t. J^.
BkotU, »tk'HVrt»4 '
BicBU. sTk^tt-n : Bkmlu, 4na,
Bld» -t'd)^, /:.
Bidrina, tft-flf 'nP \ WiMmBm*
-ii. I., '"
Bldis«ath. BTd'mDlh. M.
BldQQ, kT'^tftn. /: K C
BWonaa.^t-itO'hf jt u- tld^^^^iit,
BldoiU*, »Ta''VnT* <Jr ilnda'BTiw
Bladtcf P?iilnla. jr.
Birinft. ^-^ fl'^ffi. .¥.
BJrrni. -f r^r.. « Uam^i>
r ' ■ e Midr«- rpta''dr4. ^
KmdL. II i"ii^i-lk. M.
Blr'nin I ri^'^iiB, t*^
BM-^L ■■■-U JT
BU IT, f^'nup. r,
Bl| 1 ij'i^innBd. M
Bi4 ^4h ■Ig-tnir-tng'trB,
BifnT. ■ ^'hT. .*'.
Bli£iird. •r'infipfil. A'.
Bihaii. -r^dii, ft.
BU«iil. rt If 'nl t BQaa^ 'tifti*
BUaila, ct-1«''iihT-A i G. Bcfela-
aiaa. Bhll'ir-on, JT.
BlUatrta. iiT.lTii''tr1-A. M.
Billa.i»n&.C
BUoah. Kt-lO'a or »ir A^ B.
BUoaaLnMA'am or »TKn iin.&
BUoa. Bt-lO't or aTl'^-p. i».
BUBratMln 'r«« or ■Tl'fi-rtx.C
BilTaBBS. «Tl-vi'ntta, il. ft C.
BUraatra. a^FvMK. Jr.
A, 8, 1, 5, a, long ;&,«,!, 6, tt, f , abort ; aen&te, e/ent, tdea, 6bey, Unite, cAn, lirm, Aak, ||11, llnoL
^,BibUoia; CGlAMioal; if, Egyptian; if, Hindoo; if, Modem; A, None. [8eep.G46.]
SILVIUS
669
TEIGNMOUTH
ilfnincn. i^-rt3bu''iiiiN, Jf.
UsbHnk. »Tiii-Mri)L', M.
.. rt'fuflii. ^, it r.
" la. ff tnfiii'l .19e, C.
. _. •im'plati I K »I5'-
itul, lii'nl fj* *risfl-T, flf.
KiadA^iJ- Bdjuda. 'ittdH JT-
liinop*.>'tii^''rri^,r,Ac If,; Turk-
i^A Binwls. *Kinj,>b-'. Jtf,
■toent. rf-i?*^, M.
Sirlaii, •Tr'T fm, ii.
giMBiia. Kt-ft^n^nA. C.
BiMn, sls^e-rA, B.
SloMiidL tH-mtin^de, M.
■tetova, t^tA^vi I Bulgarian
Bhtab. «hUlb. if.
Starpliwi, •Ts'^T-fflt, C.
SlthSiil. Kt-thE^'nT. C.
StthonJ%, •t.th6''nT-A ; -all,
-m-i, C.
J, mh'e-nTm C.
•lahl-A i Slttu, BTsh^-
glW... ... L-
S^rui. 'l'i.ftri, y^,
ik^gar Huk, ikBn ''ifPr r«k, M.
t^k&iMatAlAi, »kan-r-aL'l<[i». IT.
»%TX3i3«cki. t\ £ hir-n.: t'' ^kt, Jf.
HlHWlclL tl t^wU; r'/ BchliS-
Sacmu. vA-it'nf]A L /r Boviiiil,
■DCDtrm, •ii'kfl'tu nr »ak'r. tril,
SoentM. •Ok^ri-tCz ; -tit, .tu,
_ t'.
1, •M'Bm, B.
, ■M'0-m4. 5. * C.
U •wis'aOli', jr.
BoiMn, iiKlvK: O. Botothvrn,
loUmM, ■fiKT-mftn or sO-lT-
mttn^.s! SuLiMAX, jr.
„ J, •51'0-mQn, B.
., B«'I8n, C.
_., •U'mA, /r.
_ Jiibw«.i«mb''wt. jr.
8oB«n. tDin^CrE. Jr.
■oacTMt. kfim^er-tiFt, jr.
■omm*. sOm. JT.
atfmmwiiig. Eem'mCr.Tng. jr.
i«n. jr . n erx. ou .
.^ •ft-nfl'mi, jr.
^ Hft-nft'i*. Ir.
Be: gODDAfr.
., »»p'A-tCr, ^. ft C.
.-, , lO'n^ or t/un^k, C. ;
.^«'4 = Tnidltia, trP-ii
dCt'O. JT
Scplif-nna, i{^I ' nl-ri i^ V.
lOp^Dnlcoi. fci?i-(rOo't-kn- or
h.-.frM-iiT'kQt^ £■.
8«rranto, sflr-rtti'tflK ,V.
BoiiiFibir. «--in»'*-*'^r, >i.
BoiiitmttUH kA.«li'tF4-tri^, C.
8«]iiu. (^iLi'ihi fiP, V-
8oith«uH. >^i'th»-ii?2:. /; !fe r.
Bottr^tsi. pTn'tTl-trib, /(. !, C.
8«titA. *-'. tC'ri ; Krtdrvi. rtj,
8«tkiby, -riiHi'f-liT; V.
8<ml*, n1, hI/.
Bonl^ -Vi'i^'. V.
8auia«qa«. hVWti^k'* JT,
Boutt ^^r.][. M.
Bouihimp^. afi^ liftuip'Tun,
Botlthard. ^fttts'Pnt, ,V,
Botithem. >ntt»'^nni. jiif.
BoutKcf, --puth'i w (nth'Tn, ir.
Bof^tiiw&HtH fhtli'^rk, y.
BODVfitK. -iof/vi Ktr', .V.
B«yer. -i.i'f r '*!■ i,^- *.■>■»■*, U-
Spa n ^- V.
Sp&ln. lEjSfl, ^. * M. : fij*^ Ib-
pEkjL »j<-(i4ri''ya, J/
Sp«rt&n j-fiir^lin r. V V,
Spirtuu, lipid r'Lii^k4\», r.
Sp«;v *jr flpLr««, sfvTr^ Jf .
8p<nJlA, '•\ill'^r-i:,V.
Spbknx. 1^1 luk*. £'.
8pJ*s*1,*[.JiVLh -»A
BpMiola. •tie^h,*.-|]i. V
BpljM», •r^f-ivCji. J/.
Bplt^KTveD, -IH[»-bPrB'r|i|. jr.
Spliltfvo. «|iiij').^K II, ,V.
Bpo^flta, -JhTi-m't/s J/.
BpoiB,M4»(. *i«sKji *iej, r 1 .If.
Bpottnyivuiia, i|XVL-*T^vi'ni-&,
SpruTif. 'H(irlir, M.
Spurfqi. ^ifl'rMls r,
Bparuhblm. ^|Kt!>rU'iirm, it.
BtR*L.-<.il'*r^f|i^J-1', .V,
BUalTi, »u jl ^r* i BU#lm,
Bt*lil,-^.ii...v.
Btvi.-L.-jE -f .•M.^h•^1:'. . toii-
STANTIMOPLE, JT.
Btanhope. etSn'Qp. M.
BUniaUiis. »tin-1ii-Il^aii. utin-
Ti^Ih'Oh or 8t«n-l»-lou', JT.
Btantoa. stin^ttin, M.
Btetlns. i<ti^8hT.fl«, C.
Btftonton. st&t/tQn, M.
Btoin. i^tTn, jr.
Btantorli, »tf n'tn-rTu, C.
BtaphAHA, hXifk-nk', -au, -ntis,
Btophaaai, ^f ^d-nan. B.
Btaphanl. iit«t.fi^n(>. JT.
BtaphaalATUto, BtcMn-«.TTK,
BtaphOL, Bte^vrn. B.
Btottla, Bt t-tPn''. jr.
Btoabea, Bta^b<»n or BtQ-ben^,
jr.
BUyer or Bteyr. stT'Cr, M.
Btificho, stiKf-kr.. r.
BtockhotaB, Btnk'hr.iiii. M.
Btoneh«Bge. ftQn'hi^nj. M.
BtoalBjKtOB. BlQn^ng-tnn, jr.
Btrabo. stra'b.*.. (\
Btralum >»■ Btrachaa. ttnin, M.
BtralKind. ^trnrMV)nd. JT.
Btraiborg. "trKz^b^rg :
<i Btrauborg, striia'^h<inrg. Jr.
Btratonicvs, ^trAt'O-nl'kOs, C.
Stnuiu. HtrouB. M.
BtromboU. Btrftm'ljT-lP, Jr.
Bfeattgart. stffiit'KJirt, M.
BtoyreMuit. iWv^trani, M.
Btyra, Btl'rA. C.
iHf'T-l. V.
Bublm, BVrl'bT-A, jr.
]u. nwM^'m-rit, r.
<'.
BaffloLk.^ni'nV, .1/.
Balkan. >rf^.-f*a'h, .1/.
Boidai. -n''i '1'j.r, t.
Boll. i^ImWit,. ,V.
Bvllman. ^^At -Viiitx' ^ o* Baiml-
IZla^,^^3vli-ll>^lJ^ .v.
BaUj. iiriL'!T E A'm>f'. .IT.
BalpLtJa »r fla]pl(4JiM ADl-pTth'-
Bamatra, b^^mA'^trt, ,V.
Bambava, «fl[ivbB^i^d, Jf.
Bafilnm, pQ'i^T^rih, f '.
Bar^ab I>owlj^ *&r-»'';Adou'-
14 V.
Barat. *i?i-rat', IT.
Barlnam. ^i2»-rt^i94in', JT^
BarlanL. aC 'rT-fim i -riu, -rt-Qi,
BaitT, rfr'IPr, .V,
Bory*. ^r'iA, /f.
Baaa, *n'i>i, Jf. *■ C ; lA^iil^
M
Baiana. 4tn''ii-nA, C.
Bttunni^ Si»aiinall> Bt^^ac'iiL,
,, iD hhi a'nt 1 -idt -TiT.
r .
Batl^, -r^E'lrj, Jf
BaTarafl, HVi.vH.''risr, nr Bim-
roB. ^<x>-\r}'rr<t. Af.
BairanH, «v(V-wn''iif, JT.
BTndborf. ?■>' ud^it^Tg^ 3f.
Bwtblft ^^1 ^BiA, JT,
Bwaniu. 'wm'-f, M.
Bw«d«n. -wfclH II, M^
Bw«d«Dborf. ™*^ilrTv-bar(!:', J?r
BwltHTland, ^^WiftianA^Jf.
Brl»rU,^si-*ArH, r,
Brt)A]ria«. oih'i.rfiu, c;
Bre*nfr -r.Hi-'Tif . /j,
Bycbar-Hi'itir. /;,
Brcb«m, ^I'k^m, ir,
BfxleiPibaiPr ntl'^nHTmn JT.
BjFin*. ^li'xi^. /J. Vf'.
Brlvaau, i»il'Vi'']iri». f ^
Bylyla, mi'vt i^ BUvlaa. tt-Ss,
BytufflaebUh tTin'tni-ktiF. T\
Byrti'.i.*- "i-Mfl'pP. (\
Bjrjtltlw, Mij'M-kP, fJ.
Bjritych«. piii'lT-k*> C
Bj^ihtE. .'Tiak-H ^'.
BjcactliB. nrft-kn'hP, n
BiTiM-mtB, Nir'ii-kn*.. //. * .V. :
j'< BirtLcnia, bJ^riA<J&'Ml, JT.
Bjiii -ir'i-ft, /J, r,, V Jf .
Bjrltix. l'nuki> r.
Br ra pheuicla, ^l^rf-f ^-n T »h 'Id.
ti.
BynpluoiUicH, iii^Ckf^iit^Bti,
Brrtlfa. rfir'n-ki. C
Bytai. '-T'Tfi'^. f '
Bx«g»dla, til ^-i d^ii', ir.
Taanach. [E'di nAk, Br
TabiiM. til'lHit.'kf., .¥.
TaHtha, tlll>'l-WiA. fl.
Tatora, tHM^rl. *
TaSjr«a, tn-lirPE''. M
Tacita. tti.^r-t4 1 tkatu. -rn^
Tvuaroi. t«a^A-r(Wt -raa, rfl»,
Taijat, L1M4P1', JT.
Thi^uLfDg, TAg-ku-r^', jr.
TagUauuDto. (Al-yl^nHu'^tO, JT,
Tagain iii'|r&», (<^ M.
TaElti i^Iit't*, - OtABiit*
Tabw, ll-lifl'. Jf.
Taiwm, tf^wnn', « FoftHoiiJt,
Tiko. f4*k,\Jir.
rulBFflra d4 la ftf^aa, ik^i^
^ii'ra J|]tiri'f-ii*,.tf.
TaJUfcTTD, tdl'l-v-frortl'/fr,
J/.
tnilabaHH. »U liU'^. JT,
TaibJtatcbiB, til-ir^lm-h'^ JT.
T»Ut^aad. ill;* IT rind i #1
Pxl lIlTft^', .V.
Talllflu, ulf+*', .V.
TaUtaAdge. [Al'mij. J^,
TuDsqiu, i^'TFin^kwA, JT.
Tamu. ta'niif. B,
TbrntnUpu, rq^TMi>Ei4f ^p4a> if,
Ta™fatr*.1ttrn.T.*'r4, jr,
TAfnkoT, tiitn.li?!^'', JT,
Tunertwia, tftin'^T-lIrt, Jf.
Tiunplco !tiii>.p?'kn, Jr.
Ta^agQi. CiiM'i^'jPrth- t.i'ni'jert
T^tiagTa, lan'^ir^Ti w I4-Iii'-
T*Jittii. tftii'fl'K C
Tang EuylkA t An jji n-Ti^^kl^ M.
TangaiJ. lJiri-j:ii'*T, Jf..
Tiineicr. Itti-jfr'', iT.
TtiL&.. ift'i.ih, A. * r.
TaciJ<jr». tkn-jHr^ JT.
Tantia. Tuu'iiil. .V.
Tauulla. iLu'tA-itri -)u, 401,
Taoi, Eji'^t* dJ^rnti«, Jf.
Tapajoa. tii-riJl'ahn*, JT.
faranto. i^^in-tf.. M.
Taraicoa rrL-n*''koti, C, . (tt^-
Taibta. tiirtt, Jf.
TarftDtasL tA n n'lnm, £', * Jf,
Tarlcbu. AVvTif, tir1-kf'4 1
/vWp^riVh-. tu^rJk'f^, t\
Ta^rpfllftn tar-ii^'j'l 3 -Jaan -jlU,
Tariiatnlai. Hr-kwTn'T'flB. f.',
TaiTUfma. iBr-Tii,pfl''Tii(i. Jf-
Tartbii. tjir'txIjTtj -iMih, -flblifa^,
Tanui, tiki'j<is fl. Br Jf.
TATtanu. [kr'iA'rtJt. f\
TMcherrtttH lifii'ffl'. J^.
TMbksnd. tiu.li.k urt'n Jf.
f^tlDiiiila. tll;r-riill''tt1-A, Jf.
tilKJ. m.r-'.J-. ; /f.tit'pT, Jf.
TiLULhEilU: [. iiL'Hltfi, jr.
^ittniop., ttfij'EQJI, Jf.
tiunm. i\,'unt-y C
^Atiranla, ti-rt'llT-i, t'.
tJmrlca, Mi'r] kA. f .
Taujlda, li'tTnlA, ^ Kaia. Jf.
Taaru. l;i'ril*, <"
Tchad - riij. IP, Jf
ttbama, rlii'ptiA, M
Tcbany. Tcku^, = i.iiaW¥, JC
TdhtmLgov = t'x I ai^ Mjuv, if.
TcbllMwigfl. .-litlT^rrrfi, Jf.
fcbninblil. (rib.lirtii.lMi'rT. Jf.
Tech#, T Ph. ^
T«caDia«l9u l? knin'm", Jf.
T*ffnr, i i-fiflr", .W.
T«fiBnui. [' hritii', Jf.
T«bDuit*t>«C' t& wkij-m-pfk',
Jf.
ircJgajnoalb, Tln'mfltli, Jf.
fSra, recrutf drb, r\|de, fyll, Arn« food, fdbt, out, oil, chair, so, nng, iokf then, thin, boN.
if, Biblical ; C, Glaaaioal ; i?, Egyptian ; if, Hindoo ; Jf, Modern ; A\ None. [See p. 646.]
TEJUCO
670
TULLIOLA
TfrUowD. ^ L'i-mfln, *
TftUiartLB, 1 i-ln'rci-^ V^
Tinui, I 111- «li', M. ^ _
T^Dtfi'irHt m-iK-vtr', AT.
TeDHnrltt. I i<-i*'?r ltd, Jf.
TnaMi». i 11- II "*■»*'» 4(.
TH!ttu4fl n , tv 1 1 ' I r r -ilrtl, M^
Tflpdc, ll-[i*k'. H.
-I i\
Yvnaioi, t^f'lrt^nP, M-
Tvtmlavt, i^r'niT-firim f?^
Tftriut* tv^r-iiil', M
T»r^lcbot«. Tf rjMitk'O-i** ^*'
Ttrtim, ifF'-hi ftL H. ^ f .
T*triCBl. t l'fl-t;i>p. /'.
I '.
Ttrtottir^'fJl. 1/.
i*<'rx. .tf.
TbAdlliHU, MiELil-J^'a«H fi
,1--
, ^^
i.thi]3'iH?H.
. lliflijr, .V,
Tb»iM. ITn ¥.
TlwinU, thJF'rtiTi, r.
\mU\. M.
TllMClH. thS'fUllf/ : -clot
M IP, J".
Tb»cU4iH. ihf^/wtlT'dasv '^
TllMClTtlw. lliMTk'ET-inii, r.
Tbeocritirt^tht-nk'fMai, r.
TbftCKlvsM. tii^^id'4-inn*. f '
II, K^t I -taa^-tiip, ''
TluosHdiH. llj^Jlm'iNiilt. C
TnnDpnrutiii, Ihfr'C-frki'liJi,
TTsr-rimani** |1i--rfcni'f-n£i, C.
TLcricloi, uuKl kl5f , ^
u, tijP-rTd'i-iTMM, C.
fl- til FriufiM fill. I '.
tti»Kop/lM. iJiPf n»flij'i I*, C.
Thndu. ihnMo«, »
TWbMt rfr hrt'. .¥. ^ .^
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TUMBULI
671
WALMESLEY
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B, BIbUcal ; C, Claaucal ; ^, BgypUan ; H^ Hindoo ; 3f, Modern ; iV, Norw. [See p. 646.]
WALSmGHAM
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TanlMl yt n'^ril'P. if.
T«aM (w Ta«o, yi'zr., if.
Tggdraafl. iK^drA^il. ^■
TSar. «'mer. y.
Yonga. yoiig. if.
Tonkan, yOok^'ers, if.
Tonna. yon, if.
Toaeo^ia, yftHf'm^.tC, if.
TooghaL /*\. M.
Toaghtofhanr.yO^Qi^'nT, if.
Tpraa, e^pr, if-
Tpsilantt. ip Hi-lin'^tT, M.
Trl&rta or Iilarta, e-rc^r'tt,
Tncataa. rlSKki^ln'. M.
TyardUB, Vv«r^daIr^ Ji.
Tratot, Cv'tO', if.
zlb. Jf.
. zi'rt-nl'Tm, J5.
—iiwni. xftn-dilm^, M.
Zabdlal. zAhMi. I, A
2labiilon. zAb^p-inii, B.
Zacatacaa, ztik^A-a^koii, M.
Zacchavs, Zaochaoa. xkk-kC'
n«. /;.
ZacharU. thuki-r^^'k, M.
ai. zftk'd-rt'rt*. B.
Zackarr. zAk'A-rT. B.
Zacynthu. zt-ain'^thai, C. k
Jf.
Za-Mi ■ I'ml. f'
Zart ■ 'lJ rr*pTi-lii''tP, J/,
2a "^'.u r a . r I Hi -i tift' nt if.
ZantA. rrlri'lf-, .v.. =. ZaCTIT-
Z*nilbtr, *iH'rT-l*ai^, if.
ZapF. tiri. jV
Zappu, jrJli»''ji^, if.
Z»r», *4'r4.A%, tA^fi. .V.
Zar*k. fft^r4, «.
Zar^phatli, r^t^fittK B.
Zaria. li'if t, JV.
ZavABoQga. #H''wd h^ti-'aA, Jf.
tf-"] t ; z>-r.
ZabMJH, /. ij'*Mif. it.
ZabdUm. ni^-tKiL'Tifj
-■-■'Mr!, ft.
Zatu. 'P-UfW', if,
Z«imJ«Ti, ^vi/fl4nn. fl'.
Z«4.b. j|-^. ): fi*- j^h' 5.
ZaJtiUi. iMo'ttjL. iL
Zand AvMta, WfMr*o,fi'l*, /f.
Zano. <£'iiA, rT.
ZanobU. zP-nO^bT-d, C.
Zanodotw, ae-nOd^o-tOa, C
1, »«-iiBf' Kf 1, C.
ZaphaniaJi. tf-f^.T*'\. f.
E*tthj?T*, fii'l.f^i EtphSt^t,
£«pbimti. it/J'i-ni4» r
J*rfc6. it'll, JU-
K^rbffti. TiJ^r^Mt, if.
£orcd. je'itfj^ fi.
£cr^Attuk. ifH^d'* thi, A.
£flr(<rKtb /' f'^f-rtlK H-
£<rabba*»L jf-^b'-btJifl, Jt.
^BmUJk^rr'M I'i. /f.
Zhltofiiear. < J l^ turner'. Jf.
Ztchfl. f fc'rt, /J.
Zuikii^h. JtJfJ-kT'^ji, /I-
Zld<ni £[MfM), /j.
£Li.B«iiidDrfe ttitit'nrD-derf. if.
Zm /I'. 91. fs.
Zior. H'fir. «,
Zlpll. f^T. ft.
Ztpbah. iT'riu A
Ziphron, xT'iran, K,
£ll7jK>rali. Jti|i-pA'r4» A.
ZlttiD, Tlt'tiju. fl.
Ziiiomk, ilo TiTwk', it
tlctrow. rlil^'fliav.if.
tna^ra. HilPii. ift
Jotftbik. *i 4t5'»,4, tt.
ZijdlatiBa. tir^ll'4 kn». <:
Zirtana, ti'tt^t^M m Wits, i\
ZoUni jft'i-ln*, f .
Zombi. /fini'lvH if«
ZcmgD. ifn'g\ ^.
Zoi>baf, ifl'Ur, Jl
Zopbun. i^'rmi, ^
ZOFF^. ^.I'rrni, ft
Z^jrtJla. [Ill r-fti*ji, Jf.
Z«robal>ai, xfv rttb'i-b I, Jt
E«lmDa, ^tK'-tii^k, C-
CKtaokka oliRk^kr, H.
Zo|[. ('^'-^ir^f- -s^e. If.
Z jIIlchasH trvl'lr^l^ivu^ M*
Zolulaitd. i^'Lm-ikii4. if.
Zoii!, /Tui'vi^ Jf,
ZutiA. iH^ititi, Jf.
ZiTtch. *if t<7^nk. Jf,
ZotIpL jH'n^E, ^
Zardar Z*«, t<^i '<lf r eI^ if.
ZTBTBlk^liV'tllk, if
ZwaUandam. iw. t'^j.^^^ib, JUL
Bwlifkaa, i^vTV'hoi], if.
twlngll, ^^'l^l».^^^>.
Z*lrBii. t»vTni'ff. #,
Zw«U*. iworv, if
CLASSIFICATION OF LANGUAGES.
Nan. —The names of dead lanffuage* are prinked in lialie.
No. L
LANGUAGES.
SUB-BRAllCHEa.
Satukrii (dirided into Vedic Sanskrit and the Clauieal^ or more
modem, Satukni)^ Prakrit^ Pali ; Bengali, Marathi, Ouxerathi,
etc. ; Hindi, HinduaUni (or Urdu) ; Oy|My
Ztnd (or AvtHan^ or (Hd Bactrian)^ Old Persian (cuneiform inacrip-
tiona), Pehlevi (or Uiuvaresh)^ Parti (or PaMend)^ Old Armenian;
Modem Persian, Kurdish, Afghan (or Poshto), (^setic, Armenian,
etc..
Oadhelio
..Cymric
Old Ionic (or Epic), New Ionic, AUic, JEolie, Doric ; Romaic (or
Modem Greek)
Oscan (or Opican), Umbrian, Latin; the Romance (or Romanic)
languages (descendants of the Latin), viz., Italian, Portuguese,
Spanish, Profen^al, French, Rhseto-Romanic, Roumanian
Irish, Erse (or Gaelic of the Scottish Highhmds, caUed also Highland )
Scotch), Manx )
Cornish, Welsh, Armorican (or Breton)
Old Bulgarian (or Old Slavonic, or Church Slavic), Bulgarian,'
Russian (or Rnss ; — including the Russian proper, and the Little-
Russian, or Ruthenian), Dlyrian (including three idioms, the Ser-
▼ian, Croatian, and SlOTenic)
Polabian, Polish, Bohemian, MoraTian, SloTak (or Slovakian), Upper
and Lower Serbian, Lusatian (or WendLsb)
Old Prussian, Lettish (or Livonian), Lithuanian
Gothic (or Mcuo-Golhic)
Old Norse (or Old Icelandic), Modem Icelandic, Swedish, Danisli, )
Norwegian >
Old High German (with its dialects. Prankish — except Low Frank' \
ish — Alemannic and Bavarian)^ Middle High German, German. I
Old Saxon, Old Low Prankish, Anglo-Saxon (or Saxon), Low Ger- \
man (or Plattdeutsch), Dutch, Flemish, Friesic (or Frisian),}
Bngllah» )
Eastern
and
Southern
Westem
Indian, or Indie *
Iranian,* or Iranic,
or Persian
Greek, or Hellenics
Latin,* or Italic
CelUo
Slavonic,* or Slavic
.Lettish*
.East Teutonic
Scandinarian
High German
Low German
Teutonic, or Ctor-
nujiio
No. IL
LANGUAGES.
BRANCHES.
Himyarilic, Ethiopic (or Geez) ; Arabic ; Maltese ; Amharic, and ) AMhi Southern
other Abyssinian dialects ) *^'**'
Hebrew, Samaritan, Phenician, Punic Hebraic, or Middle'
Aramaic {or Arnmsean^ or Ckaldnic, or Chaldee), Assyrian (or ^ . . o-wo-*hem
Babylonian), Syriae, Neo-Syriac ' '
Semitic Family «
1 Sometinin called Indo-Oermanic or JapheHo.
tThe Indian and Iranian branches are often clawed tojrether a* forming the Tndo-Pertian or Aryan branch of the family.
SThe Greek and Latin are often joined tofrether a* the Or»coLatin. or clR)iJ>ical branch.
4The Slaronie and I<ettiiih branches are often classed together as the Letto-Slavic or Ualto^^tavic languagM.
iVanboslj divided into periods. - frequently four, vis., Semi-Saxon (A. o. 11 J0-12W;, Old English (a. d. 1380-1300), Middle
English (A. D. l-Sffi-l&V», .Modem English (a. o. 1A50 to the present day).
• Called also Sheroitic and Syro- Arabian.
f Called also Canaanitle. 618
4a
674 CLASSIFICATION OP LANGUAGES.
BeaidM the Indo-Boropean and Semitio families, phOologilitfl diftingiiUh aevend otbsn, which maj be claand m
follows : —
TMrtarlo (or Tatoiio) Family (called also Turanlaui Scythian, Altaic, Ural-Altaic, and Mongolian), including
the numerooa and widely different languagee of the Manohoa, ttie Mongols, the Turks (in Asia and Borope), the
Magyars (in Hungary), the Finns, the LapUnders, the Banu^yeds, and a multitude of other tribea. Whether the
Tauiil and its sister idioms in Ceylon and southern India belong to this family is uncertain ; they are grouped to-
gether under the nanM of the Dravidian Family. The Japanese, the Corean, and other tongues spoken in the
peninsulas and islands of the extreme northeastern part of Asia are claimed by some as bekmging to Uie Tartaric
Family ; but this is very doubtful.
Soatlt-eaBtem Asiatic or Monoayllabic Family hi China, and Farther India, and countries adjacent to
these (including the Chineee, Siamese, Burmese, Annamese, Ac).
Malay- Polynealaii or Oceanic Family, including tlie languages and dialects spoken In nearly all Uie
islands of the Pacific and Indian oceans; but the Australian in Australia and Tasmania, and the Papuan or Negrito
in Hew Guinea, part of Borneo and some other islands, have not been shown to belong to this family.
Hamttio Family, composed of the Egyptian^ and its congeners, the Coptic^ Oalla, Berber, Hottentot (?), etc
South- African (sometimes called Zingiau) Family, filling Africa about the equator and southward to the
Gape of Good Hope.
American Family, occupying with its many and greatly varying dialects the whole continent of North and
South America, if they all do belong to the same family.
Besides these great families, there are several isolated languages, or groups (rf languages, which have hitherto
resisted all attempts at classification. Such are the Caucasian group (induduig the Georgbm, Circassian, Lesgbhm,
and Mitsjeghian idioms) in the mountain-range of the Oancasus ; the Etmtcan ia Northern Italy ; and the ancient
T&eHon, which was <moe the prendling language of the Spanish peninsula, and which still lives <m both sides of the
Pyrenees in the stranpe language called Bisque (Biscayan or Enscarra). The Albanian (or SUpetar) in north-
western Greece probably belongs to the Indo-£aropeaa family, representing a separate branch.
QUOTATIONS,
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, AND COLLOQDIAl EXPRESSIONS,
FBOM
THE GREEK, THE LATIN, AND MODERN FOREIGN LANGUAGES,
FREQUSHTLT OCCUKBINO IN ENGLISH BOOKS, IN PERIODICALS, AND IN C0NTSR8ATI0N,
RENDERED INTO ENGLISH.
Nan. — Some rvrj oonmum words tad pbraMt from foreign UnguACM will be found in tbe Vocabularj. The
abbraTifttioot OMd boo MO L. Latin ; F. French; O. Oertnan; It. Italian; Sp. Spanlab; Or. Greek.
A.
1 bat, [F.l Down ; at tbe foot ;
down witn.
Ab extra. [L.1 From without.
Ab hoe et ab h&c. [L.! From thia
and from that ; Indlacriminately
from all sonroea.
Ab inconvenienti. [L.] From the
Inconvenience.
Ab initio. [L.] From the beginning.
Ab intra, [L. j From within.
Abnormia aapient. [L.] Wiaewith-
out infltruction.
Abonchatybonrat. [F.] To a good
cat, a good rat ; 1. e., Greek meet
Greek.
A bon marehi. [F.] At a good bar-
gain; cheap.
Aborigine. [L.] From the origin.
Ab ovo usque ad mala. [L.] From
the egg to the applea (the begin*
ning and end of a meal).
Absente reo, [L.] The defendant
being absent.
AbtU invidia. [L.] Let there be
no ill will.
Absque hoc. [L.] Without this.
Ab uno disce omnes. [L.] From
one learn all ; from a single instance
infer the wliole.
Ab urbe conduct. [L,] From the
founding o( the City (of Rome;
753B.C.).
Abusus non toHU ttsum. [L.] Abuse
is no argument against proper use.
A capUe ad ealcem. [L.] From head
to heel; cap-a-pie.
Accestit. [L.] He came near.
A cheval. [F.] On horseback.
^ compte. [F.] On account.
A corps perdu. [F.] To the loss of
the body ; headlong.
A euspide corona. [L.] A crown
from the spear.
AdarbUHum. [L.] At discretion.
Ad astra. [L.] To tbe atan, or to
an exaltea state.
Ad Calenda* Ormeat, [L.] At the
Greek Calends ; 1. e., never, aa tbe
Greeka had no Calends.
Ad eaptandum vulgus, [L.] To
catch the rabble.
Ad eundem (so. gradum), [L.] To
the same degree.
Adjinem. [L.] To the end.
Ad hominem. [L.] To the man ;
i. e. to hia interests and passions.
Adhue sub judice lis est. TL.] The
case is still hi the hands of the
judge.
Ad infinitum,
Ad interim.
Ad libitum. ^
Ad nauseam, [i
Ad patres. [L.]
dead.
-if
n. ril]
JTo Infinity,
nt
the meanwhile.
At pleasure.
To disgust.
To his fathers;
[purpose. I
Adrem. [LJ ' To the point ; to the |
A droUe. [F.1 To the right.
Ad unguem. [L.] To the touch of
the nail ; to a fine finLsli ; exactly.
Ad utrumque paratus. [L.] Pre-
pared for either event.
Ad valorem. [L.] According to the
value.
Ad vivttm. [L.] To the life.
jKgrescit medendo. [L.] The rem-
edy is worse than the disease.
^gri somnia vana. [L.] A sick
man*s idle dreams.
jEqiutm servare mentem. [L.] To
preserve an equable mind.
^quo animo. [L.] Witli an equa-
ble mind ; with equanimity.
jEre perennius. [L.] More endur-
ing than brass.
jEtntissusp. [L.] O' his, or her, age.
Affaire d^amour. [F.] A love af-
fair, [of honor. I
Affoire d^honneur. [F.] An affair |
Affaire du caur. [F.] An affair of
the heart.
Ajlnde, [F.] To the end that.
A fortiori, [L.] With atronger rea-
son.
Agauehe. [F.] To the left
Agenda, [L.] Things to be done.
Age quod agis. [L.] Attend to
what you do.
Agnus Dei. [L.] Lamb of God.
X grands fraU, [F.] At great ex-
ute voix. [F.] Aloud.
X huis dos. [F.l With closed doora.
X Pabandon. [F.] At random.
X la bonne heure. [F.] In good
time; timely.
XladSrobSe. [F.l By stealth.
;i la Frantaise. [F.l After tbe
French mode or faahlon.
X la mode. [FJ In faahion.
XVAnglaise. [F.] After the Bng-
Ush fashion.
XlaTariuffe. [F.] likeTartuffe;
hypocritically.
Alere Jlammam, [L.] To feed tbe
flame.
Alia tentanda via est. [L.] An-
other way muat be tried.
Aliquando bonus dormitat Homerus,
[L] Even the good Homer aome-
times nods (i. e., gets prosy) ; even
the best sometimes fait abort.
Alls volat propriis. [L.] She fUea
with her own winga ; — the motto
of Oregon.
Alium quereum exeute. [L.] Shake
some other oak.
AUes vous en. f F.] Away with you.
Allans. [F.] Let us go ; come.
Alma mater. [L.] Fostering mother.
Alter ego, [L.] Another self.
Alter idem. [L.] Another precisely
simiUu*.
Alter ipse amicus, [L.] A friend
Is a second self.
Xmichantchien^ court lien. [F.] To
^a vicious dog, a abort chain.
Amede boue. [F.] A aoul ot mud j
a low fellow.
675
676
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC.
Ameiute honorable. [F.] Satitfao-
tory apology ; reparation.
A minth et thoro. [L.] From bed
and board.
Amicus eurite, [L.] A friend of
tbe court; a dkiotereeted person
who adTiaes the oourt ; one who
applies to the court in favor of an
infant.
Amicus humam generis. [L.] A
friend of the human race.
Ami de eour. [F.] A friend of the
court; hence, an uncertain friend.
Amide mouvement. [F.] A friend
of progreaa.
Amor patriae. [F.] Lore of one*a
own country ; potriotbm.
Amour fail beaucotip, mais argent
fait tout. [F.] Love is potent,
but money is omnipotent. [ity. [
Amotirpropre. [FJ Self-lOTe ; ran- 1
Aneien regime. [F.] Ancient order
of things.
Anguis in herb&. [L.] A snake in
the i^raas.
Animts opibusoue parati. [L.] Pre-
pared in mind and resources ; ready
to gire life and property ; — a motto
of South Carolina. [steal I
Animus /urandi. [L.] Intent to|
Anno aetatis sum. [L.J In tbe vear
of his (or her) age. [Christ. I
Anno Christi. [L.] In the year of |
Anno Domini. [L-J In the year of
our Lord. [the world. I
Anno mundi. [L.] In the year of |
Anno urbis condii«. [L.] In the
vear the city (Rome) was built
(b. c. 753). [wonders. I
Annus mirabUis. [L.J Tbe year of |
Ante helium. [L.jr Before the war.
Ante meridiem. [L.] Before noon.
Ante tubam trepidat. [L.] He trem-
bles before the trumpet (sounds).
Antiquh homo virtuteet fide. [L.] A
man of ancient virtue and fidelity.
A outrance. [F.I To the utmost.
A parte ante. [L.] From the pre-
ceding part.
[stride.!
X pas de gSant. [F. 1 With agiant^s |
A peu pris. _[F.]_ Nearly.
A plomb. ' ~
1 posteri
to the cause.
[Ff] Perpendicularly.
A posteriori. iL-^ From the effect
use. [war. I
Apparatus belli. [L.] Supplies of ]
Appui. [F.] Point of support ; ral-
lying point. [the effect. I
A priori. [L.] From the cause to|
X propos de bottes. [F.] Apropos
to boots ; without reason.
X propos de Hen. [F.] Apropos to
nothing.
Aquh et igne interdicttis. [L.] In-
terdicted from flre and water.
Aqua vita. [L.] Brandy; spirit;
alcohol.
Aquiln non capit muscas. [L.] An
eaffle does not catch flies.
Arbiter elegantiarum, [L.] An um-
pire in mattf^r of tante. [h^^d- 1
Arcann esBtestia. [L-] Secrets of |
Argent comptani. [F.] "Ready money.
Argumentum ad crumenam. [L.]
An argument appealing to the
purse ; i. e., to pecuniary interest.
A rgumentum ad hominem. [L. ] An
aignment deriving its force from
the situation of the peraoo to whom
it is addreaaed.
Argumentum ad ignorantiam. [L.]
An argument founded on an adver-
sary's ignorance of facta.
Argumentum ad verecundiam. [L.]
An argument to modesty.
Arrectis auribus. [L.] With atten-
tive eara. [ervation. '
Arriire pensie. [F.] A mental rea-|
Ars est eelare artem. [L.] True art
is to conceal art.
Ars longa vita brevis. [L.] Art is
long and life short.
Asinus ad lyram. [L.] Anaaatoa
lyre ; an absurd union.
Aubon droit. [F.l To the just right
Aucontraire, Tf.j On the contrary.
Au couranL [F.J To the proaent
time.
Auctorpretiosafacit. [L.] The giver
makes the gift valued. [p^rt. |
Au/ait. [F.T Well instructed; ex- 1
Au fond. [F.] At the bottom ; in
tbe main.
A u reste. [F.] As for the rest.
Aupisaller. [F.] At tbe worst
Au plaisir de vous revoir. [F.] Till
I have the pleasure of seeing you
again.
Au revoir. [F.l Adieu until we meet
again: auf wiedersehen.
A ude sapere. [L.] Dare to be wise.
Audi alteram partem. [L.] Hear
the other side.
A%^f wiedersehen. [O.] Till we meet
I4i;ain ; au revoir.
Aura popularis. [L.] The popular
breeze. [n^eui. I
Aurea mediocritas. [L.1 The golden]
Auri sacra fames. [L] The ac-
cursed thirst for gold.
Auris teneo lupum. [L.] I have a
wolf by the ears.
Aurumpotabile. [L.] Potable gold.
Auspictum melioris aevi. [L.j A
pledge of better times.
AussUlt dU, aussUdt fttU. [F.] Ko
sooner said than done.
Autant de tites^ autant d'avis. [F.]
Many men, many minds.
Aut Cmsar^autnuUus. [L.] Esther
Caesar, or nobody.
Autrefois acquit. [F.] Formerly ac-
quitted, [convicted. I
Autrefois convict. [F.] Formerly |
Aut vincere out mori. [L.] Either
to conquer or to die.
Auzarmes. [F.l To arms.
Avant-coureur. fj Forerunner.
Arant propos. [F.] Preliminary
matter; preface. [mission. I
Avec permission. [F.] With per- 1
A vinculo tnatrimonii. [L.] From
the bond of mstrimony. [end. I
Avise la fin. JTF.J Consider the|
AvotresaiUi. [F.j To your health.
B.
Bas bleu. [F.] A blue-stocking.
Battre la eampagne. [F.] To beat
the bush ; to scour the country.
Beaise momoHm, [Lb] Of
memory.
Beau monde, [F.] The fashion-
able world. [men of wit I
Beaux espriU. PF.! Oay apirita;!
Beaux yeux. [F.j Handsome eyvs;
tluit U, attractive looka. [wit I
Bel esprit. [F.] A brilliant mind ; a|
Benignonumine. [L.] By tlie favor
of Providence.
Ben trovato. [It] Well found; a
happy invention.
Bete noir. [F.] A black beast ; a
bugbear. [mm. I
Biensiance. JV.J Civility; deco-|
Bienvenue. [F.J Welcome.
Billet d^amour. [F.] A love-letter.
BisdatquicUodaU [L.] He givea
twice who gives promptly.
Bis peccare tn bdlo non licet. [L.]
To blunder twice in war is not pei^
mitted.
Bon&fide. [L.] In good faith.
Bon gri^ mal gri. [F.] Willing or
unwilling.
Bonhomie. [F.l Good-nature ; a
plicity. [
Bonis avibus. [L.] Wit)
Bon jour. [F.] Good day
morning. [morsel. I
Bonne bouche„ [F.] A delioatel
Bonne et belle. [F.] Good and
handsome. [fides. |
Bonne foi. [F.] Good faith ; bona |
Bon soir. [F.] Good evening.
Bouleversement. [F.] Overturning;
subversion. [war£ I
Boutez en avant. [FJ Push for-|
Brevet d'inveniion. [FJ A patent
Brevi manu. [L.] With a abort
hand; forthwith.
Brutum fulmen. [L.] A harmloM
thunderbolt
Buonamano. [It] Aamallpreasnt
0.
CaetOthes. [L.] An evil habit
CacclHhesloquendi. PL.] A rage for
speaking. [for scribliung.j
Cactmhes scribendi. [L.] An itch |
Cadit questio. [L.] The question
falls ; discussion is at an end.
Cseca invidia est. [L.] Envy is
blind. [wantinff.t
Caetera desunt. [L.] The rest ls|
Cmteris paribus. [L.] Other things
being eqiud.
Cal>.che. [F.l A calash.
Calembour. [F.] A pun.
Candida pax. [L.] White-robed
Peace. [ricmal singer. I
Cantatrice. [It J A female prwca-l
Capax. [L.] Cfapable (in lawV
Captatio benei-oleniise. [tt.'} A cur-
lying favor.
Caput mortiium. [L.] The worth-
less remiUns.
Caret initio et fine. [L.] It lacks a
beginning and an end.
Carpe diem. [L.] Enjoy the pret-
ent day.
Cassis tutissima virtus. [L.] "Vir-
tue U the safest ahield.
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC.
677
Catut beUL [L.] That whic|i in-
▼olvM or justifiat war.
Caiulogue raUonnS. [F.I A cata-
logue of books arnuigea according
to their tubjects.
Causa tine qu& non, [L.1 An in-
[beware. [
dlipenaable cauae.
Caveat emptor, [L.] Let the buyer |
Cave canem. [L.] Beware o( the
dog ; — often worked in moaaic at
the outer entranceof Romanhouaea.
Cedani arma togw. [L.] Let arms
yield to the gown, L e.. the mili-
tary authority to the ciTiL
Certiorari. [L.] To be certified, —
a writ calling up the records of an
inferior court.
C'est-^ire, [F.] That is to say.
C'ett/aUdelui, [F.] ItisaUorer
with him.
C^eH une autre ehoMe, [F.] That is
. a different thing.
Chacun h son goUt. [F.] Every-
one to his taste. [Fields. I
Champs £lysies. [F.] Elysianj
Chanwn, [F.] A sons.
Chapeau bas. [F.I HaU off.
Chapeau bras. [F.] A military
cocked hat.
Chateaux en Espaane. [F.] Castles
in Spain, the land of romance ;
castles in the air.
Ch^/ de cuisine. [F.] Head cook.
Chemin de fer. [F.] Iron road ;
i. e., railroad.
Chkre amie. [F.] A dear friend ; a
mitttress. [will be. I
CAe sarhy snrh. [It.] What will be J
Cheval de bataUie. [F.] War-horse ;
chief dependence.
Chevalier d'industrie. [F.] A
knight of industry ; one who lives
by persevering fraud.
Chronique scandaleuse. [F.] A
chronicle of vices and crimes.
Ci git. [F.l Here liea ; hie jacet
Circa^ or Ctreiter. [L.] About.
Cito maturumy cUo putridum. [L.]
Soon ripe, soon rotten.
Citoven. [F.] A citixen ; a burgher.
Civuitas successU barbarum. [L.]
Civilisation succeeds barbarism ; —
the motto of Minnesota when a ter-
ritory.
Clarior e tenebris. [L.] Brighter
from obscurity.
Clarum et venerabUe nomen. [L.]
A renowned and venerable name.
Classes aisies. [F.] The leisure
classes. [be. I
Commeilfaut. [F.] As it should |
Commeje/us. [F.] An I was.
Commune bonum. [L.] The com-
mon good.
Compagnon de voyage. [F.] Trav-
eling companion. [mind. |
Compos mentis. [L.] Of a sound |
Comple rendu. [F.] Account ren-
dered; report. [nestly.l
Conamore. [It.] With love; ear-|
Coneio ad elerum. [L.] A dis-
course to the clergy.
Concours, [F.] Competition.
Con dolore. [It] With grief;
cSmU d'itat. [F.] Coundl of |
Contra bonos moree. [L.]
good morals or manners.
Contretemps. [F.] An awkward
mishap or accident.
Converseuione. [It.] A meeting of
company for conversation.
Coram nobis. [L.] Before us.
Coram nonjudice. [L.] Before one
who is not the proper judge.
Cordon sanitaire. [F.J A line of
troops to prevent the spreading of
pestilence. .
Corps de garde. [F.] A body of
men who watch in a guard-room ;
the guard-room itself.
Corps diplomatique. [F.] A diplo-
matic body.
Corpus delicti. [L.1 The substance
or foundation of the offense.
Corpus juris civUis. [L.1 The body
of the Roman or civil law, as con-
tained in the Justinian code, di-
gest, etc
Corrigenda. [L.] l^ypogn^hlcal
errors to be corrected.
Corunum^viauna. [L.] One heart,
one way.
Couleur de rose. [F.] Rose color;
an aspect of attractiveness.
Coupd^essaL [F.] A first attempt.
Coupd'itat. [F.l Stroke of policy ;
decisive action In public affairs.
Coup de grhce. [F.] A stroke of
mercv ; finishing stroke.
Coup de main. [F.] A sudden en-
terprise or effort.
Coup de plume. [F.] A literary
atuck.
Coup de soleil. [F.] Sunstroke.
Coup d'ail. [F.] Glance of the
eye. [it may. ;
Coute qu*il co&te. [F.l Cost what!
Craianez honte. [F.] Fear disgrace.
Credat Judteus Apella. [L.1 Let
Apella, the [superstitious] Jew,
believe it.
Crede quod habes^ et habes. [L.]
Believe that you have it, and you
have it. [credulous. I
Credula res amor est. [L.] Love is|
Crescit eundo. [L.^ ft increases by
going ; — the territorial motto of
New Mexico.
Crescitet et multiplicaminL [L.]
Grow, or increase, and multiply ; —
the motto of Maryland.
Crimen/alsi. [L.] Falsehood ; per-
jury, [treason. I
Crimen Itrsst majesintis. [L.] Hlgh|
Cruciy duvi spiro, fido. [L.] While
I breathe I trust in the cross.
Crux eriticorum. [L.] The puule
of critics.
Cucullus non facU monachnm. [L.]
The cowl does not make the monk.
Cut bono f [L.] For whose benefit?
colloquially, of what use ?
Cuisine. [F.] A kitchen ; cookery.
Cutpam p<enn premit comfs. [L.]
Punishment is a close attendant
upon crime.
Cum grano sails. [L.] With a gndn
of salt ; with some allowance.
Cum privilegio. [1*1 With privilege.
Curiosa/elicitas. [L.] A felicitous
tact.
Cwrente ealawto, [I^] Wfthftrun-
ning, or rapid, pen. •
Custos morum, [L.] The guardian
of morals. [Uie rolls. I
Custos rotulorum, [L.] Keeper of |
D.
Agreed;
] Repeat
in tune,
from the
D* accord. [F.]
Dal segno. [It.]
sign.
Dame d*honneur. [F.] A maid of
honor. [women. I
Dames de la halle. [F.l Market|
Dare pondus fumo. [^J To give
weight to smoke, L e., fmportanoa
to trifies. [received. I
Data et aecepta. [L.] Given out andl
De auctoritate miM commissi, [L.J
By the authority given to me.
De bonis non. [L.] Of [a dece-
dent*s] goods not yet administered.
De bonne gr&ce. [F.] Gracefully;
willingly.
Deeeptio vistisj [L.] Optical iUusion.
have decreed.
[L.] From day to
Decreri. [L.]
De die in diem,
day.
Dejacto. [L.1 From the fact ; ac-
tually; really.
De gustibus non est disputandum,
[L.] There is no disputing about
tastes.
Dehors. [F.] Without; out of;
foreign; hrrelevant. [God. I
Dei gratiA. [L.] By the grace of |
D^'eunerhla/ourchette. [F.] Break-
fast with a fork ; L e. , a ukeat break-
fast [right I
Deiure. [L.] Byvirtueof law; by|
Delenda est Carthago. [L.] Car-
tluige must be destroyed ; i. e., there
must be no halfway measures.
De mal en pis. [F.J From bad to
worse.
De mortuis nil nisi bonttm. [L.] Say
nothing but good of the dMuL
De nihilo nihil fit. [L.] From no-
thing, nothing comes.
De novo. [L.] Anew.
Deo/avente. '¥.] God favoring.
Deogratias. VL. "~ - - -
Deojurante. \'L.[
Deo volente. [L.'
De pro/undis.
depths.
Dernier ressort.
Desipere in loco.
Thanks to God.
With God*s help.
God willing.
L.] Out of the
[source. I
[Fr.1 A last re- 1
[L.] To jest at
the proper time. [wanting. I
Dfsunt csetera. [L.] The rest is|
De trop. [F.] Too much, or too
many; not wanted.
Detur digniori. [L.] Let it be given
to the more worthy.
Dens ez machin&. [L.] A god from
the macliine, i. e., from a theatrical
contrivance for making gods appear
in the air; hence, an unexpected
and fortunate occurrence.
Dextro tempore. [L.] At a favor*-
ble time.
Dies/austus. [L.] Luckrday.
Dies infaustus. [L] Unlucky day.
Dies ires. [L.] Day of wrath.
678
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC.
Die* IMA. ^M ▲ daj on which
*court U not held.
Dieu avee nous. [F.l Ood with us.
DieuMfendU droit, [F.] Qodda-
fends the riffht<
Dieu et num droU, [F.] Ood and
my right. [you. i
Dieu ffoui garde. [F.] Ood protect |
Diffnu* vindice nodus. [L.] A dif-
llcultv worthy of such e protector,
or deliverer.
DUpenaie*. [L.] Household gods.
Dingo. [L.] I direct, or guide ; —
the motto of Maiue.
Disalto. [It] By leaps.
Diseur de bon mot*. [F.] A seyer
of good thinffs ; s wit.
DUneela membra. [L.] Scattered
limbs, or remains. [nent. I
Distingui. IF.] Distinguished ; emi-|
DfstntU. [F.] Absent iu thought.
Divide el impera. [L.] Divide and
rule.
Doeendo dieeimut. [L.] We learn
by teaching.
Dolee. [It.] Soft, — used in music
Dolce far niente. [It] Sweet doing-
nothing ; sweet idleness.
Doli capaz. [L.] Capable of crim-
inal intent
Dominue vobitcum. [L.] The Lord
be with you. [pilLL
Dorer la nilule. [F.] Togild^the[
Double entente. [F.] Double mean-
ing ; a play on words ; — often in-
correctly written Double entendre.
Douceur. [F.] Sweetness ; a bribe.
Dramatit persona. [L.] Characters
represented in a drama.
Droit au travail. [F.] The riffht to
live by labor. [tions. i
Droit de gens. [F.] The law of na-|
Du Jort au foible. [F.] From the
strong to the weak.
Dulce est desipere in loco. [L.] It
is pleasant to jest opportunely.
Dulce et decorum est propatrih mori.
SL.] It is sweet and honorable to
ie for one*8 country.
Dum spirOj spero. [L.] While I
breathe, I hope ; — a motto of South
Carolina.
DumvivimuSfVivamus. [L.] While
we live, let us live.
Durante beneplacito. [L.] During
good pleasure.
Durante vitA. [L.] During life.
Eau
Eau
E.
de Cologne. [F.l Cologne.
de vie. [F.] Water of life;
brandy.
Eoee homo. [L.] Behold the man ;
—applied speciflcally to any pic-
ture representing the Savior given
up to the people bv Pilate, and
wearing the crown of thorns.
Eecesianum. [L.J Behold the sign.
Scale de droit. [F.] Law schooL
E contrario. [L.] On the contrary.
Sdition de luxe. [F.l A splendid
ediUoQ. [ediUon. I
Bdiiio prineeps. [L.] The first |
Equality.
SgaliU. [F.]
Eheu! [L.] Alait
EUve. [F.J ApupU;afoBterchUd.
EmunelsB naris homo. [L.] A man
of nice perception.
Sloge. [F.] A funeral oratioQ.
Eloignement. [F.] Estrangement.
En ami, [F.] As a friend.
En attendant. [F.] In the mean-
time.
En arrihre. [F.] In the rear.
Enavantl [F.] Forward 1
En euerosy or En cueros vivos, [Sp.]
Stark naked.
Endegut.Allesgta. [O.] All*swell
that ends welL
EndishabiUS. [F.] In undress.
En Dieu est ma fiance. [F.] In Ood
is my trust
En Dieu est tout. [F.] In Ood U
everything. [at home. I
EnfamiUe. [F.] With the familv:|
En fans perdus. [F.] Lost chil-
dren ; forlorn hope.
Enfant g&tS. [F.l A spoiled chUd.
Enfant terrible. [F.l Terrible chUd;
one that annoys bj ill-timed re-
marks.
Enfant trouvi. [F.] A foundling.
En fin. [F.l At last ; finally.
En /KUe. [F.] With guns on the
upper deck only.
En joule. [F.] In a crowd.
En grande tenue. [F.] In full dress.
En masse. [F.]^ In a body.
En passant. [F.' '
the way.
Enpleinjour. [F.J In broad day.
^] In passing; by
_ . 1 In broad i
En' queue. [F.J unmediately fol-
lowing ; in line.
En rajmort. [F.] Li a condition or
relation of sympathy.
En rigle. [F.] In order ; according
to rules.
En revanche. [F.] In return ; In
requitaL
En route. [F.] On the way.
Ense petit nlacidam sub libertate
quietem. [L.] With the sword
she seeks quiet peace under liber-
ty ; — the motto of Massachusetts.
En suite. [F.] In company.
Entente cordiale, [F.l An under-
standing of good will and justice
towards each other, between the
chief persons of two states.
Entourage. [F.] Siwroundings ; ad-
juncts.
EiUre deux vins. [F.l Between
two wines : i. e., half drunk.
Entremets. [F.l Side dishes at table.
Enire nous. tF.l Between our-
selves; confidentially.
Eo nomine. [L.] Bv that name.
B pluribus unum. [L.] One out of
many ; one composed of many ; —
the motto of the United States.
Errare humanum est. [L.] To err
is human.
BspHglerie. [F.] Sportive tricks.
Esprit de corps. [F.] The ani-
mating spirit of a collective body.
EspHt des lois. [F.] The spirit of
the laws.
Esse quam videri. [L.] To be
rather than to seem.
Est modus in rebus. [L.] There U
a medium in all things.
Esio perpetua. [L.] Let it be per-
petuai or everlasting ; > - the motto
of Idaho.
Esio quod esse rideris. [L.] Be
what you seem. [thy spirit |
Et cum spiritu tuo. [Lv] And with |
Et id genus omne, [L] And every-
thing ol the sort [the like. I
Et sic de similibus. [L.] And so off
Et tu. Brute I [L] And thou alao,
Brutus ; — implying betrayal by a
friend.
Eureka. [Or. cvpificaj I have found
it ; — the motto of California.
EwigkeU. [O.I Eternity. [denly.l
E* abrupto. [L.] Abruptly ; sud-|
Es bene placito. [L.] At pleasure.
Ex animo. [L.1 HearUly.
Exeathedr&. [Li From the official
chair (originally of the pope);
hence, with higli authority.
Excelsior. [L.] Higher ; more ele-
vated ; —the motto of New York.
Exeeptio jprobat regulam. [L.] The
exception proves the rule.
Exceptis exeipiendis. [L.] The ne-
cessary exceptions being made.
Excerpta. [L.] Extracts.
Ex concesso. [L.] From what has
been conceded. [made it I
Excudit. [L.] He fashioned or|
ExcuriA. [L.J Out of court
Ex delicto. [L.] From an off ense ;
from a wrong not invol ting a breach
of contract
Exemplasuntodiosa. [LJ Exam-
ples are offensive. ^xample. I
Exempli gratit. [L.] By way of |
Exeunt omnes. [L. j AU go out
Exfumo dare lueem . [ L.] To bring
light from smoke ; to make things
clear.
Ex mero motu. [L.] Of his own
motion or accord.
Ex nihilo nihU Jit. [L.] From
nothing, nothing comes, [office. {
Ex officio. [L.] By virtue of hisl
Ex parte. TL] On one side only.
Ex pede Heradem. [L.] We rec-
ognise a Hercules from the foot ;
that is, we judge of the whole from
apart
Experimentum erueis. [L.1 The
experiment of the cross ; adedsive
test
Experto erode. [L.] Trust one who
has tried, or had experience.
ExposS. [F.] An exposition.
Ex post facto. [L.] After the deed
is done. [meditation. I
Ex tempore. [L.] Withont pre-|
Ex una disee omnes, [L.] From
one judge of all.
Ex vi termini. [L.] By the i
ing, or force, of the i
F.
Faber suss fortunte. [L.] Tb*
architect of his own fortune.
Fades non omnibus una. [L.] AU
do not have the same face.
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC.
679
[L.] Lucky
[po«e.
M Fates op- 1
etnine. [It.]
i; words, fe-
fkeiU prineept, [L.1 BridMitij
preemineut ; the Admitted chief.
F^eilU est ducennu Avemi, [L.]
Easy is the descent to Avemus
THadesI ; i. e., it is easy to get into
dUBcuiiy. [speaking. I
FH^OH de parler. [PJ Manner of |
Faire boons mine. [F\] To put <m
a good face.
Faire Vhomme dHmporianee. [F.]
To assume an air ox importance.
Faire satu dire, [F.] Act and say
nothing. [duty. I
Faire ton devoir. [F.] To do his |
Fait accompli. [F.] A thing al-
ready done.
Fa* est et ab haste doceri. [L.] It
is right to learn eren from an en-
emy.
Fasti et n^asH dies. [L.] Lucky
and unlucky days. *"
Fataobsiant. [L.] The
Fatti masehii; parole /emine.
Lit.f deeds are males ; woi
males ; L e., when deeds are needed
words will not suffice ; — a motto
of Maryland.
Faubourg. [F.] A suburb.
FauteuU. [F.] Au easy diair.
Faux pas. [F.] A false step; mistake.
Femme couverte. [F.J A married
woman; a woman having a husband.
Femme de chambre. \¥7\ A cham-
bermaid.
Femme galante. [F.] A prostitute.
Ferte naturte, [L.] Of a wild na-
ture.
Festind lente. [L.] Hasten slowly.
Fete ehampetre. [F.] A rural fes-
tlTll.
Feu de joie. [F.] A firing of guns
in token of joy ; a bonfire.
FeuiUeton. [F.] Bottom part of a
French newspaper, separated by a
line from the rest, and devoted to
light literature, criticism, etc.
Fiacre. [F.] A kind of hackney
coacti.
FiaiJustHiOyruaietelum. [L.] Let
Jurtice be done tlKmgh the heavens
FUuiux. [L.] Let there be light.
Fidei eotieula crux. [L.] The cross
is the touchstone of faith.
Fidei defensor. [L] Defender of
the faith.
Fide, sed cui vide. [L.] Trust, but
see whom. [treachery. I
Fides Punica. [L.1 Punic faith;!
Fidus Achates. [L.1 Faithful
Achates; i. e., a true friend.
FUUts nullius. [L.] A son of no-
1>ody ; — a legal term for a bastard.
FUiusterrm. [L.] One of low birth.
FiUede chambre. [F.] A chamber-
maid.
FUUdejoie. [F.] A prostitute.
FiUe d'honneur. [F.] A maid of
honor. [end. I
Finem respice. [L.] Look to the I
Finis coronat opus. [L.] The ena
crowns the work.
FU fabrieando faber. [L.] Prac-
tice makes a skilled workman.
Flagrante bello. [L.] During hoe-
Flagrante delicto. [L.] In the con-
nUssion of the offense*
Flux de bouche. [F.] Garrulity.
Fortiter in re. [L.] Brave in deed.
Fortes fortunajuvai. [L.] Fortune
favors the brave.
Franco. [It.1 Poet free.
Frangas nonneetas. [L.1 Ton may
break me, but not bend me.
Froides mains, chaude amour, [F.]
Cold hands, warm heart.
Fronii nulla fides. [L.] Pat no
faith in good looks.
Fuit Ilium. [L.] Ilium has been.
Fruges consumere nati. [L.1 Bom
[merely] to consume the units of
the earth.
Fugit hora. [L.1 The hour reuses
Functus oJJMo, \Im\ Out of oOoe.
G.
OaUiee. [L.1 In Frenoh.
Oarfon. [F.] A bo^, or a waiter.
"arde h > . .-— .
guard.
iboy,
A mounted
Garde du corps. [F.] A body guard.
Garde mobile. [F.] A guard Uable
to general service.
Gardes Men. fP.! Take good care.
Genius loci, [I^J ^^ genius of
the place.
GensdCarmes. [P.] Armed police.
Gens de condition. [P.] People of
rank (or quality).
Gens de guerre. [FJ Military men.
Gensdepeu. [P.] The lower classes.
Genets irritabUe vatum. [L.] Ttie
irritable race of poets.
Germanice. [L.] In Oennan.
Gibier de potence. [P.] A gallows
bird.
Gitano. [It.] A gipsy.
Gloria in excelsis. [L] Olory to
God in the highest. [Father.
Gloria Patri. Tl.] Olory be to the
Ttm$t<rtavT6v{Gnothiseauton). [Or.
Kuow thyself.
Gr&ce h Dieu. Thanks be to God.
Grande chhvet beau feu. [P.] Good
ind a bright ill
Grande pnrure, [P.] Full dress.
cheer (living) and a bright iire.
Grande merci. [P.]. Many thanks.
Gratis dictum. [Ll] Mere assertion.
Gravamen. [L.] The ground or es-
sence of a complaint or action.
Guerre houtrance. [P.] War to the
uttermost.
H.
Haee olim mem^isse juvabit. [L.]
It will be pleasant to remember
these things some day.
ffaud passibus ttquis. [L.1 Not
with equal ^pe. [^Ity. I
Haute nouveaute. [P.] Agreatnov-I
Haul aotU. [P.] High flavor ; fine
or elegant taste.
Helluo librorum. [L.] A devourer
of books ; a bookworm.
Hiatus valde deflendus. [L.] A de-
floieaoy much to be regretted.
Hieetubique. [L.] HeieandeTery-
where.
Hiejaeet. [L.] Hereliea.
Bic labor Aoe opus est. [L.] This
is labor, this is work.
ffine iUsB lacrymae. [L.] Henoe
these tears. [tion. I
Hoe age. [L.] Dothis; payatten-|
Hoc tempore. [L.] At this time.
Hoi polfoi. [Or. oi mAAo^l The
many ; tlie rabble. ^
Homme d*affaires. [F ] A i ua of
affairs; a business mm.
Homme d'esprit, [P.] A man of
talent.
HonisoUquimalypense. [P.I May
he be shamed who thinks evil of it,
— the motto of the Order of the
Garter. [time. I
Hora i semvre, [ItJ It is always |
Hora/ugit.^ [L.] The hour passee.
Hors de combat. [P.] Out of con-
dition to fight.
Hors d*ctuvre. [P.] Out of course.
Hortus siccus. [L. j A collection of
dried plants.
Hdtel de ville. [P.] Town hall;
Humanum est errare. [L.] To err
is human.
I.
Ich dien. [G.] I serve.
Id est. [L.] That is.
Id genus omne. [L.] All of that sort.
Ignorantia legis neminem exeusat.
[L. ] Ignorance of the law excuses
no one.
Ignotum per ignotius. [L.] Tliat
which IS unknown by something
still more unknown.
H n*a ni bouche ni iperon. [P.] He
has neither speech nor spur ; i. e.
neither wit nor courage.
II ne/aut Jamais dSfier un fou. [P.]
One should never defy a fool.
Imperium in imperio. [L.] A gov-
ernment within a government.
Imprimatur. [L.] Let it be printed;
— a license to print a book, etc.
Impromisatore.ll^'} An impromptu
poet.
Improwisatrice. [It.] An hnpromptu
poetess.
Inmtemum. [L.] Forever.
tortis. [L] At the
In articulo mo
point of death ; in the last struggle.
In cavite. [L.] In chief ; L e., im-
mediately from the Ung.
In cselo quies, [L.] There is rest
in heaven.
In commendam, [L.] In trust.
Ineredulus odi. [L] Being incred-
uioiu I cannot bear it.
In curiA. [L.] In the court.
Inde irm. [L. j Henoe these reeent-
ments.
Index expurpatorius* [L.] A list of
prohibited books.
Indubiis. [L.] In doubtful matters.
In equilibrio. [L.1 In equilibrium.
In esse. [L.1 In beinff.
Inest dementia forti, [L.] Clemency
belongs to the brave. .
680
In exUnao. [L.1
In extremis. [L.]
At f uU length.
At the point of
death.
In flagrante delicto, [L.] Taken In
the cotnmiuion of the offenae.
In /onnA pauperis, [L.] Aaapoor
man.
In foro eonsdentiae. [L.] Before
the tribunal of conscience.
Ir^fradiffnitatem, [L.] Below one's
dignity. [forth. I
Infuturo. [L.] In future; hence- 1
In hoe signo vinees. [L.] In this
sign, or under this standard, thou
shalt conquer.
In limine, [L.] At the threshold.
In loco, [L.] In the proper place
or circumstances ; opportunely.
In loco parentis. [L. J In the place
of a parent.
In medias res. [L.] Ita the midst
of things or affairs.
In medio tutissimus ibis. [L.1 Tou
will go raoet safely in the middle.
In memoriam. [L.l In memory.
In nubibus. [L. j In the clouds.
In omnia paratus, [L.] Prepared
for everything.
Inopem eopia fecit. [L.] Plenty
made him poor.
Inperpetuum. [L.] Forever.
In petto. [It] In the breast.
In posse. fL.] In possible existence.
In prsBsentL [L.] At present.
In proprih personA. [L.J In person;
himself or herself. [naked. I
In puris naturaiibus. [L.] Quite |
In re. [L.1 In the matter of.
In rem. [L.1 Against the thing.
In rerum naturd. [L.] In the na-
ture of things. [on ages.
Insseentasteculorum. [L.] Forages
Insculpsit. [L.] He engraved it.
In situ. [L.] In its original situation.
Insouciance, [F.] Carelessness ; in-
difference.
Instar omnium, [L.] Like all ; an
example to others. [state. I
In statu quo. [L.] In the former |
Inter alia. [L.] Among other things.
Inter nos. [L.]^ Between ourselves.
Inter pocula, TL.] Iu his cups.
In terrorem, [L.] As a warning.
In totidem verbis. [L.] In so many
words.
Intoto. [L.] In the whole ; entirely.
In transitu. [L.^ On the pnssage.
In usum Delphini. [L.] For the
use of the Dauphin.
In utramqttefortunam paratus. [L.]
Prepared for either event.
In utroque fldelis. [L.] Faithful
in both.
In vacuo. [L.] In empty space.
In verba magistri jurare. [L.] To
swear to, or by, the words of an-
other; to adopt opinions on the
authority of another.
In vino Veritas. [L. ] There is truth
in wine; i. e., a drunken person
speaks the truth.
InritA Minerrt. [L.] Without genius.
IpsedirU. [L.] He himself said it
Ipsissima verba. [LJ The very words.
Ipso facto. [L.] In the fact itself.
Ipso jure. [L] By the law itself.
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC.
J.
Jaeta est atea. [L.1 Tbedie Is east
Januis dausis. [L.] With dosed
doors.
Jeme fleen Dieu. [F.] I put my
trust iu Ood. [what. I
Je ne sais quoi. [F.] I know not!
Je n^oublierai jamais. [F.] I shall
never forget. [a pun. i
Jeu de mots. [F.I A play on words ; |
Jeu d'esprit. [F.l A witticism.
Jeudethidtre. TF.! A stafire trick.
Jevisen espoir. TF. J I live in hope.
Jubilate Deo, [L.1 Rejoice in the
Lord. [of Ood. I
Judicium Dei. [L.1 The judgment]
Jupiter tonans. [L.] Jupiter the
thunderer.
Jure divino. [L.] By divine law.
Jus civile. [L.1 Civil law.
Jus diviuum. [L.] Divine law.
Jus et norma loqucndi. [L.] The
law and nde of speech.
Jus gentium. [L. j Law of nations.
Juste milieu, [F.] The golden
L.
[L.]
[I-]
Labor
Labor
Labor ipse volupta*,
itself u pleasure.
Labor omnia vincit,
conquers every thing.
Lade nicht alles in ein Schiff. [0.1
Do not put all in one ship ; do not
risk all on one venture.
La fortune passe partoute. [F.]
Fortune (good or evil) passes
everywhere.
Laisses faire. [F.] Let alone.
Ixt maladie sans maladie. [F.l Hy-
pochondria. LP^n* I
Lapsus calami. [L.1 A slip of the |
Lapsus lingusB, [I^-J ^ b^'P <>' ^^e
tongue. [gods.!
Lares et penatet, [L.1 Household |
Latet anauis in heiM. [L.] A
snake lies hid in the grass.
Laudator temporis acti, [L.] A
praiser of time past
LausDeo. [L.] Praise to Ood.
Lous propria sordet. [L.] Self-
praise debases.
La vertu est la seule noblest. [F.]
Virtue is the only nobility.
Lebeaumonde. [F.] The fashiona-
ble world.
Le bon temps viendra. [F.] The
good time will come.
Lector benerofe. [L. ] Kind reader ;
gentle reader. [devil. I
I^ diable boUeux. TF.] The lame |
Le grand auvre. [F.j The great
work; i. e., finding the philosopher's
stone.
Le mot d^fnigme. [F.] The key to
the mystery. [or rank. I
Le pas. [F.] Precedence in pUcel
Le rot et V^.lat. [L ] King and state.
Leroile veut. [L.] The king wills
it ; — signifying the royal assent to
a bill.
Le roi s^avisera, [L.] The king
will oondder or deliberate ; — alfnl-
fying the withholding of the royal
assent to a bOL
Le savoir-faire, [F.] Bee iSovotfrw
faire.
lAsemajesU, [F.] High tveaMMn.
Lesplus sage ne le sont pas toujours,
[ F. 1 The wisest are not always so.
L'itoile du nord. [F.] The star of
the north ; — motto of Minnesota.
Lettre de cachet. [F.] A sealed let-
ter ; a royal warrant
Lettre de change. [F.] Bni of ex-
change, credit I
Lettre de cr^ance. [F.] Letter of |
LeUre de marque. [F.] A letter of
marque or of reprbal.
Lex loci. [L.] The Uw of the place.
Lex non scripta, [L.] The unwrit-
ten, or common, law.
Lex scripta. [L.1 BtatotaUw.
Lextalionis. [L.J Law of retaliation.
Lexterrm. [L.] The law of the land.
L*homme propose et Dieu disnose,
[F.] Man proposes, and Ood die-
poses, [poeta. I
iJcentia vatum. [L.1 License ol|
Limst labor et mora. [L.1 Labor and
delay of the file, i. e., finishing off.
Vinconnu. [F.l The unknown.
Lis pendens. [L.] A pending or
continuing action or suit ; notice of
such an action. [undecided, i
Lis sub judice. [L.] A case still |
Lite pendente. [L] While the ac-
tion is pending.
lAtera scripta manet. [L.] The
written letter remsins.
Ijoci communes. [L.] Common places.
Loco citato. [L.] In the fdaoe cited.
Locum tenens. [L.] A deputy or
substitute; a proxy. [which. I
Locus in quo. [L.] The V^»c» in|
Locus penitentise. [L.] Opportu-
nity for repentance.
IjOCus sigillL [L.] Place of the seal.
Longo intervaUo. {
long interval.
Lueidus ordo. [L.]
Lucusanonlueendo. [L.] A phrase
expressing a fanciful derivation of
the word lueus^ a dark wood or
grove, from the rerb lueere^ to
shine, a non lucendo^ from its not
being light ; and hence osed in ridi-
cule to characterise anvthlng as
plainly illogical or absurd.
Ludere cum saeris, [L.] To trifle
with sacred things.
Lusus naturte. [L.] A ipovt or
freak of nature.
M.
fiaoe ox ine seal.
[L.! By or with
Trangement. I
J.1 A clear ar-|
Maek^. [F.l My dear. [toe.
Mactevirtute. [L.] Proceed in vir-l
Mafoi. [Ft.} Upon mv faith.
Magna civitas^ magna soiitudo. [U]
A great city is a great stditode.
Magna est veritaSf et prevalebiL [L.]
Truth is mighty, and it will prevaiL
Magnum opus. [L.] A great work.
Magnus Apollo, [h.1 Great Apollo;
one of high authority.
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC.
681
n*ii Banitanuni
[Tate
Mttison de MonU.
hospital or ai^lum
MaUondeviUe. [F.I The towu-haU.
Matire d'MUl. [F.] A houae-
■teward. [aickneaa. I
Malndie du pay*. [F.l Home-I
Mala fide. [L.] In bad faith.
Malhpropo*. TF.] Ill-timed.
Mai de mer. JVA Seasickneae.
Mai de tele. \F.'f Headache.
Mai entendre. [F.] Miatake ; mla-
uud«rdta»«Unff.
Malgri nous. [F.] In apite of na.
Malum in se. [L.] Bad or wr-^ng in
itaelf. drink.!
Mania a potu. [L.] Madneea from |
Mare elauttim. [L.] A doaed sea ;
i. e.f a Ma orbiy, witliin the juria-
diction of a nition, and not a part
of the high fce la.
Mariage de convenance. [F.] A
marriage of couveuience.
MaUriel. [F.] BCaterials or histra-
menta employed.
Mauvais gokt. [F.] Bad taate.
Mnuvai*Mmte. [F.] False modesty.
Mazimus in minimi*. [L.] Very
great in the littlest things.
M^ fiifiXioy^ liiyaKojt6¥ (mega bibli-
on^ mega kakon). [Gr.] A great
book is a great eril.
Mejudice. [L.] I being judge.
Memento mori, [L.] Remember
death.
Mens *ana in corpore sano. [L.] A
sound mind in a sound body.
Mens sibieonscia recti. [L.] A mind
conscious of rectitude. [risk. I
Meo periculo. [L.1 At my own|
Memrn sal. [L.] Ture salt; Attic
wit. [thine, i
Meum et tuum. [L.] Ifine andj
Mirabile dictu. [L.] Wonderful to
relate. [see.
MirabUe visu. " " • - - •
Mise en seine.
preparation for the stage!
Modo et formA. [L.] In manner
and form. [operation. I
Modus operandi. [L.] Manner of |
Monamu FF.] My friend.
Moncher. [F.] My dear (feUow).
Moniani semper liberi. [L.] Moun<
taineers are always freemen ; — the
motto of West Virginia.
Monumentum are perennius. [L.] A
monument more durablethan brass.
More majorum. [L.] After the
mtnner of our ancentors.
Mot de gttel. [F.l Watchword.
Mvtu propria. [L.] Of his own ac-
cord, [little. I
Multum in pnrvo. [L.] Much in |
Munus ApoUine dignum. [L.] A
gift worthy of Apollo.
Mutatis mntandi*. [L.] The
sary chansi^s being made.
Muiato nomine. [L.] The
being changed.
N.
Ne cede malis. [L.] TIeld not to
mltforttine.
FL.] Wonderful to|
The putting in
Nee mmrere nee apemere konorem.
[L. J Neither to aeek nor deapiae
honor.
Nee scire fas est omnia. [L.] It is
not permitted to know every tiling.
Ne plus ultra. [L.1 Nothing further.
Ne quid nimis, [L.] Not any thing
too mucli, or too far.
Ne sutor ultra erepidam. [L.] Let
not the ahoemaker go beyond his
last.
Nie. [F.] Bom ; aa, Madame de
Stael, tue (that is, whose maiden
name was) Necker.
Ne/asti dies. [L.] Unloclnr daya.
Ne fronti credere. [L.] Truat not
to appearance.
Nemine eontradieente. [L.] No
one speaking in opposition.
Nemine dissentienie. [L.] No one
dissenting.
Nemo me impune lacessit. [L.] No
one wounds me with impunity ; —
the motto of Scotland.
Nemorepente/uitturpissimus. [L.]
No one ever became a yillain at
once.
Nemo solus sapU. [L.] No one is
the onlv wise one. [nothing. I
Nil admirari. [L.1 To wonder at |
Nil conseire sibi. [I^] ^o ^ «<>»-
scioua of no fault. [epeir. I
Nil desperandum. [L.1 Never de-|
Nil sme numine. [L.1 Nothing
without Ood ; — the motto of Oolo-
rada
Nimium ne erede colori. [L.] Trust
not too much to looks.
N'importe. [F.l It matters not.
Nitor in adversum. [L.] I strive
againat opposition.
Noblesse oblige. [F.l Rank im-
poeea obligHtion ; much ia rightly
expected of one of high birth or
station.
[L.] Whether he
[roe. I
[L.1 Don^ttouchl
[L.1 Tobeunwill-
Nolens volens.
will or not.
Noli me tnngere.
Nolle prosequi.
ing to proceed.
Nom de plume. [F.] A pen name ;
an assumed title.
Nom de guerre. [F.] A war name ;
a traveling title : a paeudonym.
Nomen et omen. [L.] A name omi-
nous, or significant, of the thing.
A'on assumpsit. [L.1 He did not
undertake ; — defendant's plea to
assumpsit.
Non compos mentis. [L.] Not in
sound mind. [pear. I
Non constat. [L.1 It does not ap-
Non dntur tertium. [L.1 There b no
[oeen found. |
third (choice).
Non est inventus.
Non liquet. [L.1
Non mi ricordo.
member.
Non obstante. [L.1 Notwithstanding.
Non omnia poxsumus omnes. [L.1
We can not, all of us, do all things.
Non omnis moriar. [L. 1 I shall not
wholly die.
Non passibus tequis,
equal steps.
Non quiSf sed quid.
[L.! He has not I
It 18 not clear.
[It.] I do not re-
[but what I
[L.] Not who, I
Non quot sed quomodo. [L.] Not
by whom, but how.
Non sequitur, [L.] It does not fol*
low ; an unwarranted conclusion.
Non sibif sed patrise. [L.] Not for
himself, but for his country.
Nosce te ipsum. [L.] Know thyself.
Noscitur ex sociis. [L.] A man ia
known by his oompaniona.
Notabene. [L.f Mark weU.
Noubliez pas. JF.] Do not forget.
Nous verrons. [F. J We ahall see.
Novus homo. [L.l A new man.
Nuance. [F.] Shade; gradation;
tint.
Nudum pactum. [L.] A naked con-
tract ; L e., one made without any
consideration, and hence void.
NugsB canorae. [L.] Melodioua tri-
flea; mere Jingling.
Nulla dies sine lineA. [L.] No day
without a line ; L e., no day witl^
out something done.
Nullius filius. [L.] Nobodv*s8on;
L e., a bastard. Tnever. i
Nunc aut nunquam. [LQ Now or|
Nunquam nonparatus. [L.] Never
unprepared.
0.
ObiU. [L.] He [or she] died.
Obiter dictum. [L.1 A thing said
[by a Judgel, by the way, or in pass-
ing, i. e., on a point not material
to the case. [first beginnings. I
Obsta prineipiis. [L.l Resist the |
Odium theologieum. [L.] The ha-
tred of theologians.
(EUdebctttf. [F.] AbuU'seye.
Offieina gentium. [L.] The work-
shop of the nations.
Ohe! jam satis. [L.] Oblnowther«
is enough. [no rest. I
Ohne HastjOhne Rnst. [O.] No haate, |
Ol woXkoL See Hoi polloi.
Omne bonum desuper. [L.] Every
good is from above.
Omnia bona bonis. [L.] To the good
all things are good.
Omnia vincit amor. [L.] Love con-
quers all things.
Omnia vincit labor. [L.] labof
overcomes all things.
Omnis amans^ omens. [L.] Every
lover is demented.
On connait Vami an besoin. [F.l A
friend is known in time of need.
On dit. [F.l They say; hence, a
fiying rumor.
Onus probandi. [L.] The burden
of proving. [while. I
Operm pretium est. [L-l It is worth
Oraesrmpre. [It. J Nowandalway
Ora pro nobis. [L.] Pray for wn.
Orator fitypoetannscitur. [L-l The
erator is made, but the poet is bom.
Orerotundo. [L.] With round, full
voice.
Oretenus. [L.] So far as the month.
O! Hsic omnia. [L.] O that be had
always done or spoken thus.
O tempora ! O mores ! [L.] O the
times t Othemanneral
682
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC.
OtiadmUvUia, [L.] IdleneM pro-
duces vice.
0lio9a itduliUu. [L.] Idle indua-
try; triiUng laboriouaoeM.
OtiumcHmdfgnUate. [L.] EMewith
dignity ; dignified leinue.
OuMierje nepuU. [F. ] I can nerer
forget.
Oubliette, [F.] Dungeon of a caatle.
Ouidire. [F.] Hearsay.
Outrage de lonffue kaUin. [F.] A
work for a long breath ; a tedious
business. [tisan. I
Ouvrier. [F. ] A workman ; an ar- 1
P.
P(U(a conventa. [L.] The condi-
tions agreed upon.
Pallida mors. [L.] Pale death.
Palmam qui meruit ferat. [L.] Let
him who has won it bear the palm.
Parci^parlh. [F.] Here and there.
Paretn non /ert. [L.] He does not
endure au equal. [eminence. I
Par excellence. [F.] By way of I
Par exemple. [F.] For example.
Pari passu. [L.] With equal pace.'
Par nobUe fratrutn. [L.] A noble
pair of brothers ; two just alike.
Parole d'honneur. [F.j Word of
honor. [pUoe. I
Particepscriminis. [L.] Anaccoro-|
Parturtunt monies; nascetur ridicu-
lus mus. [L.] The mountains are
in labor; a ridiculous mouse will
be brought forth.
Parva componeremngnis. [L.] To
compare small things with great.
Pas h pas. [F.] Step by step.
P^i de foie gras. [F. ] Ooose-Uver
pie. [a family. I
Paterfamilias. [L.] The father of |
Paternoster. [L.] Our Father ; the
Lord's prayer.
Pater pairim. [L.] Father of his
country.
P aires conscripH. [L.] Conscript
fathers ; the Roman senators.
Patriis virtutibus. [L.] By ances-
tral rirtue.
Peccavi. [L.] I hare sinned.
Pendente lite. [L. ] Pend ing the suit
Penetralia. [L.] Inmost parts ; pri-
▼acy; sanctuary.
Pensee. [F.] Thought.
Per angusta ad augtista. [L.]
Through straits to exalted condi-
tion.
Per annum. [L.] By the year.
Per aspera od astra. [L.] Through
trials to the stars, i. e., glory.
Per capita. [L.] By the head.
Per centum. [L.] By the hundred.
Per contante. [It.] For cash.
Per contra. [L.] Contrariwise.
Per curiam. [L.] By the court.
Per diem. [L.] By the day.
Perdu. [F.] Lost.
Per fas et ne/as. [L.] Through
right and wrong.
Per mese. [It.] By the month.
Per se. [I.. 1 By itself considered.
PetUooup. [F.] A small
Petitio pHncipii. [L.] A _ .
of the questi(m. [comb.1
PetUmaUre. [F.] Adandy;acox-
Peu^peu. [FO Little by little.
Peu de chose. {F.l A trifle.
POce de resistance. [F.] A solid
Joint. I temporary lodging. I
Piedhterre. [F.] A resting pUce ; |
Piniit. [L.]^ He [orshe] painted It.
Pirouette. [F.] A whirl on the toes,
as in dancing.
Pis alter. [F,] The last fehift.
Piit. [It.] More.
Plena jure. [L.! With fuU authority.
Poco h poco. [It.] Little by little.
Poeta nascitur^ non fit. [L.] The
poet is born, not made.
Point d^appui, [F.] Point of sup-
port; prop.
Pouson d'avril. [F.] April fool,
lit., fish.
Pons asinorum. [L.1 Asses* bridge ;
— a phrase applied : (a) To a cer-
tain problem in geometiy. (6) To
a key to, or translation of, a Latin
or Greek book.
Povulus rult decipi. [L.] People
like to be deceived.
Possunt quia posse videntur. [L.]
They can because they think they
can.
Postea. [L.] Hereafter ; thereafter.
Post nubila^ Phabus. [L.] After
clouds, sunshine.
Post obOum. FL.] After death.
Pol-pourH. [F.] A hotch-potch;
a medley.
Pour acquit. [F.] Paid. [visit. I
Pour /aire visile. [F.J To pay a|
Pour prendre congS. [F.] To take
leave.
Prtemonitusy prmrnunitus. [ L.]
Forewarned, forearmed.
Preux chevalier, [P.] A brave
knight.
Prendre la lune avec les dents. [F.]
To seise the moon with one's
teeth. [view. I
PrimA facie. [L.] On the first |
Primus inter pares. [L.] Chief
among equals.
Principia^ non homines. [L.] Prin-
ciples, not men.
Principiis obsta. [L.] Resist the
first oeginnings.
Prior tempore^ prior jure. [L.]
First in time, first bv right ; or,
first come, first served.
Pro oris et focis. [L.] For our
altars and firesides.
Probntumest. [L.] It is proved.
Pro bono publico. [L.] For the
public good. [ment. I
Proch verbal. [F.] A written sUte- 1
Pro conffsto. [L. j As if conceded.
Procul, Oproctil este^ profani ! [L.]
Far, far hence, O ye profane !
Pro et con. [L.] For and against.
Profanum vulgus. [L.1 The un-
holy or uninitiated rabble.
Pro formA. [L.] For the sake of
form. [or occasion. I
Pro h&c vice. [L.] For this turn |
Proh pudor ! [L.]^ O, for shame I
Projet de hi. [F.] A legislative
Propria qusB maribus, [L.] Those
things which are appropriate or pe-
culiar to males or men, or to hus-
bands, [emergency. I
Pro re nalA. [L.] For a special|
Pro tanio. [L.] For so much.
Pro tempore. [L.] For the time
being. [treachery. |
Puniea fides. [L.] Punic faith ;i
Q.
Otuere. [L.] Query; inquiry.
(fualis rer, talis grex, [L.] Like
king, like people. [you pi Mse. I
Quantum libet. [L.] As much as|
Quantum meruit. [L.] As much as
he has deserved.
Quantum muiatus ah illo I [L.]
How changed from what he was !
Quantum sufficit. [L.] As much as
suflSces. [wilL
Quantum vis. [L.] As much as you I
Quare impedU. [L.] Why be hin-
ders ; — applied to a real possessory
action. [thing; anything. I
Q uelque chose. [F. 1^ A trifle ; some- 1
Qui a bu boira. [F.] He who has
tippled will still Upple.
Qui capita ille facU. [L.] He who
takes It makes it.
Quid nunc f [L. ] What now T
Quid pro quo. [L.] One thing for an-
other ; an equivalent. [laugh ?
Quid Hdest [L.] Wliy do youj
Quien sabe t [Sp.] Wlio knows t
Qui facit per alium, facii per se.
[L.] He who does a tlUng by the
agency of another does it himself.
Qut n^a santi n^a rien, [F.] He
who has not health has nothing.
Qui nimium probata nihil probat.
[L.] He who proves too much
proves nothing.
Quis custodiet ipsos eustodeji t [L.]
Who shall guard the guards them-
selves?
Qui transtulit^ snstinet. [L.] He
who tranq>lanted still sustains ; —
the motto of Connecticut.
Quivalhf TF.l Who goes there ?
Qui vivef [F.J Who goes there?
— hence. On the qui rtte, on tiie
alert"
Quoad hoc. [L.] To this extent.
Quo animo t [L.] With what mind
or Intent ? [may Ood avert ! i
Quod avertat Deus! [L.] Which I
Quod erat demonstrandum. [L.]
Which was to be demonstrated.
Quod vide. [L.] Which see.
Quo Fata vacant. [L.J Whither
the Fates c^W.
Quo jure? [U] By what right?
Quos Deus wit perdere. prius demen-
tat. [L.] Those whom Ood wlabss
to destroy, he first makes mad.
WORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC.
683
Raiton d*itre. [F.] A reMOo for
being.
Kara avis. [L.] A rue bird.
Uecueil. [F.] Collectioii.
Jiedolei lucem^ [L.] It gmellt of
the lamp.
Reduetio ad absurdum. [L.] A re-
ducing a petition to an abaurdity.
Regina. [L] Queen.
Regnant populL [L.] The people
rule ; — the motto of ArkanMa.
[Properly, Regnatpopulut.']
Re it^ecta. [L.] The bnaineaa be-
ing onflniahed.
Relioio loeL [L.] The religiooa
•plrit of the place.
Renommie. [F.] Renown; fame.
Requieicat in pace. [L.] May he
rest in peace.
Re* angiuta domi. [L.] Narrow
circumstances at home ; poverty.
Retgestm. [L.] Things done ; trans-
action; subject matter. [end. I
Respice finem. [L.] Look to the|
Rhpondre en Normand. [F.] To
answer in Norman French ; to an-
swer erasirely.
Regpublica. [L.] The common-
wealth.
Resurgam. [L.] I shall rise again.
Revenons h not moutofu. [F.] Let
cs return to our sheep ; let us re-
turn to our subject.
Ri/ncimento. [It.] Renewal; re-
establishment.
Rire entre ruir et chair ^ or Rire sou*
eape. [F.] To laugli secretly ; to
laugh in one's sleeve.
Robe de chamhre. [F.] A dressing-
gown or morning-gown.
Rouleau, [F.] A little roU.
Ruat ctelum. [L.] Let the heavens
fall.
Rudi* indigestaque mole*. [L.] A
rude and undigested mass.
RuU mole suA. [L.] It falls of iU
own weight.
Ru*e de guerre. [F.] A stratagem
of war. [town. I
Rtu in urbe. [L.] The countiy in |
S.
8aUe. [F.] A haU.
8aln* populi mprema e*t lex. [L.]
The welfare of the i>eople is the
sufMvme law ; — motto of Missouri.
Salve ! [L.] Hail I - the motto of
Idaho when a territory.
Sanctum tanctorum. [L.] Holy of
holies. [mony. I
San* cirSmonie. [F.] Without cere-l
San* peur et san* reproche. [F.J
Without fear and without reproach.
San* souci. [F.J Free from care.
Sapere aude. [L. ] Dare to be wise .
Sartor re*artu*. [L.] The tailor
[words. I
gj."] Enoutfh of
mended.
Sati* verbOrum.
Sauve qui peut, [1^.]' Save himself
who can.
SavoirfnirCy or Le *avoirfaire. [F. ]
The knowing how to do ; ability.
Savoir vivre. [F.] Good breeding.
Seandalum magnatum. [L.] De-
famatory speech or writing to the
injury of persona of dignity.
SHre facia*. [L.] Oause it to be
known.
SeHp*it. TL.] He [or she] wrote It
Scutptit. [L.J He [or she] sculp-
tured it.
Scuto bonm voluiUati* tu*o corona-
na*ti no*. [L.1 With the shield
of thy good-will thou hast encom-
passed us ; — a motto of Maryland.
Secundum artem. [L.] According
to rule.
Secundum naturam. [L.] Accord-
ing to the course of nature.
Secundum ordinem. [L.] In order.
Sed htee hactenu*. [L] So far, so
much. [rule. I
Selon le* r^gle*. [F.]^ Accord!nffto|
Semel et ttmiU. [L. j Once and to-
gether.
Semper avaru* eget. [L.] The avari-
cious man is always needy, [nate. I
Semper /flix. [L.J Alwajrs fortu-|
Semper Jideli*. [L.] Always faithful.
Semperidem. [L] Always the same.
Semper paratu*. [L.] Always ready.
Senati^ con*ultum. [L ] A decree
of the Senate.
Senez^ bi* pucr. [L.] An old man
is twice a hoy.
Se non h vero^ e ben trovato. [It.] If
not true, it is well feigned.
Seru* in cxlum reden*. [L.] Late
may you return to heaven.
Sesquipedalia verba. [L.] Words a
foot and a half Ions.
Sic itur ad a*tra. [L.] Such is the
way to immortality.
Sic pa**im. [L.] So everywhere.
Sic temper tyranni*. [L.] Ever so
to tyrants ; — motto of Virginia.
Sic transit gloria mundi. [L.] So
passes away earthly glory.
Stent ante. [L.] As before.
Sicnt patribu*^ tit Dens nobi*. [L.]
As Ood was with our fathers, so
may he be with us.
Sic vo*t non robi*. [L.] Thus do
J re, but not for yourselves.
ent lege* inter arma. [L.] The
laws are silent in time of war.
Similia timilibu* curantur. [L.]
Like things are cured by like.
Similis similigaudet. [L.J Like loves
like.
Si monumentum requiri*^ eircum-
spice. [L.1 If you seek hb mon-
ument, look around ; — the epitaph
of Sir Christopher Wren.
Simplex munditii*. [L.] Of simple
elegance. [care. 1
Sine cur A. [L.] Without charge or |
Sine die. [L.J Without a day ap-
pointed.
Sine odio. [L.] Without hatred.
Sine qua non. [L.] An indispensa-
ble condition.
Si qweris penin*ulam amcenam^ cir-
cumspice. [L.] If thou seekest a
beautiful peninsula, look about
you ; — the motto of Michigan.
Siste^ viator, [L.] Stop, traveler.
SU tibi terra levt*, [L.] May the
earth lie lightly upon thee.
Stan* pede in uno, [L.] Standing
on one foot.
Stat magni nctmini* umbra. [L.]
He staynds the shadow of a mighty
Statu qua ante bellum. [L.] In the
state which was before the war.
Statu* quo. [L.] The state in which.
SteL [L.1 Let it stand. [stress.!
Sturm una Drang. [0.] Storm and j
Sua cuique volupta*. [L.] Every
man has hi^ ovvn pleasures.
Suariterinmodo^/ortiter inre. [L.]
Gentle in manners, resolute in deed.
Sub Judice. [L.] Under considera-
tion, [privately. I
Sugge*tio faUi. {L.] Suggestion of
Sub ro*a. [L.] Under'the rose;!
falsehood.
Sui generi*. [L.] Of its own kind.
Sui juri*. [L. ] Of one's own right ;
i. e., not under the power of an-
other, as are slaves^ minora, etc.
Summum bonum, [L.] The chief
good.
Suo Marie. [L.] By his own strength.
Suppretsio reri. [L.] Suppression
of the truth. [his own. I
Suum cuique. [L.] Let each have |
Suu* cuique mo*. [L.] Everyone
haa hia own habit.
T.
A smooth or
Tabula rata, [L.1
bUnk tablet
T&che*an*tache. [F.] A work with-
out stain, [life. I
Tsedium vittt. [LJ Weariness ofl
Tam Marte quam Mtnerr&. [L.] Aa
much by Mars as 1^ Mhierva.
Tangere rulnu*. [L.] To touch a
sore spot.
Tantmieuz. [F.] So much the better.
Tanto buon , che val niente. [It. ] So
good that he is good for nothmg.
Tant pi*. [F.] So much the worse.
Tantum vidit Virgilium. [L.] He
merely saw Virgil, L e., the great
man.
Tapia. [F.] A carpet; also, the
cover of a council-lable ; hence. To
be on the tapi*^ to be under con-
sideration.
Tel maUrCytel valet. [F.] Like mas-
ter, like man.
Tenipora mutantur, et no* mutamur
in iUi*. [L.] The times are changed,
and we are changed witli them.
Tempu* edar rerum. [L.] Time the
devourer of all things.
Tempu* fugit. [L.] Time ilies.
Tenax propo*iti. [L.] Tenacious of
his purpose.
Terrm ftliu*. [L.] A son of the
earth ; i. e., a human being.
Terra frma. [L.] Solid earth; a
safe footing. [coimt^. I
Terra incognita. VL.'\ An unknown!
Tertium quid. [L.] A third tome-
thing, a nondescript.
Tien*ta/oi. [F.] Keep thy faith.
Tier*Mat. [F.] The third estate ;
commons or commonalQr.
684
«VORDS, PHRASES, PROVERBS, ETC.
Timeo Danao* et dona fertiUes. [L.]
I fear the Greeks erun when bring-
ing gifts. [by men. I
Toga virilis. [L.] Th^ toga worn |
To KoAoF (To kalon). [Qr.] The
beautiful ; the chief food.
Th wpeww {To pr^ony [Or.] The
proper or becoming.
Tot homineif quot ftnieniite. [L.]
So many men, so many minds.
Totidem verbis, \\a} In Just so
many words.
Toties quotie*. [L.] As often as.
loto calo. [L. ] By XtB whole heavens ;
diametrically opposite.
Tov^oun pfririx, [P.] Always par-
tridges; L e., always the same thmg.
Tour deforce, [F.j A feat of might
or BkiU.
Toumer casnqHe, [P.] To turn
one's carl, [defrayed. I
Tous/rai9/aUes. [P.] All expense |
Tout'h-faU. [P.] Entirely.
Tout au contraire. [P.] On the
contrary. [taken together. I
Toiit ensemble. [P.] The whole]
Tout le monde est sage apris coup.
[P.] Everybody is wise after the
event ; hindsight is better than
foresiglit.
Ti-oja/uU. [L.] Troy Aa« been.
Tu quoQue, Brute. [L.] And thou
too, Brutus ; — implying betrayal
by a friend.
^uum est, [L.] It is your own.
U.
Uberrima Jldes. [L.] Superabound-
ing faith.
Ubi jus ineertum^ ibi 4us nullum.
[L.] Where the law is uncertain,
there is no law. [tioned. I
Ubi supra. [L.] Where above men- 1
Ultima ratio regum. [L.] The last
argument of kings ; i. e., war.
UUima Thule. [LJ Utmost limit.
Un& voce. [L.] Witli one voice.
Un bienfait n^est jamais perdu. [P.]
A kindness is never lost.
Vnfait accompli. [P.] An accom-
plished fact.
Uno animo. [L.] With one mind ;
unanimouRly.
Unsoth triple itage. [P.] An egre-
gious blockhead.
Usque ad aras. [L.] To the rwy
Usque ad nauseam. [L.] To disgust.
Usus loquendi. [L. ] Usage in speak-
ing, [the pleaMnt. I
UlUe dulci. [L.] The useful with I
Ut in/ra. [L.] As below.
Ut supra. XlT} As above stated.
Uti possidetis. [L.] As you poesess ;
state of present possession.
Ut pignus amicitix. [L.] As a
pledge of friendship.
V.
Vade in pace. [L.] Oo in peace.
Vade mecum. [L. f Oo with me ; a
constant oompantoB. [quished. i
Vae victis. [L.] Woe to the van-l
Vale. [L.] ParewelL
Valet dechambre, [P.] An attend-
ant; a footman. [ings-l
Varise lectiones. [L.] Various read- 1
Variorum noise. [ll] The notes of
various autliors. [oars. I
Velis et remis. [L.1 With sails and I
Kent, Mrf», iHci. [JL.^ I came, I
saw, I conquered. [able winds. I
Ventis seeundis, [L.] With favor- 1
Verbatim ei literatim. [L.] Wora
for word and letter for letter.
Verbum sat sapienti. [L.] A word
is enough for a wise man.
Veritas ormvalebit. [L.] Truth wUi
prevul. [out fear. '
VeritS sans peur. [P.] Truth with-
Vestigia nulla retrorsum. [L.] No
footsteps backward.
Vetturino. [It.] A haokman.
Vetturo. [It.] Aback. [question.!
Vexata qviestio. [L.] A disputed]
ViA. [L.] By the way of.
Via media. [L.] A middle course.
Via trita, via tuta. [L. ] The beaten
piAh is the safe path.
Vice. [L.] In the place oL
Vice versd. [L.] The terms being
exchanged.
Vide ut supra. [L.] See what is
stated above.
Vi et armis. [L.] By force and
arms ; by main force.
Vigueur de dessus. [P.] Strength
from on high.
Vineit amor patrite. [L.] Love of
country prevails.
Vineit omnia Veritas, [L.] Tnitb
conauers all things.
Vinculum matrimonii. [L.] The
bond of marriage.
Vires acquirit eundo. [L.] She
[Rumor] acquires strength in her
progress.
VirtutCf non verbis. [L.] By vir-
tue, not by words. [virtue. I
Virtute securus. [L.] Secure through!
Vis a tergo. [L.] A propelling force
from behind.
Vis h vis. [P.] Opposite ; facing.
Vis ineriise. [L] The power of hi-
ertia ; resistance of a body at rest.
VisvitsB. [L.] The vigor of life.
Vis viva. XM Living force; the
force of a moving body.
Vitam impendere vera, [L.] To
stake one's life for the truth.
Virat regina. [L.] Long live the
queen.
Vivat rex. [L.] Long live the king.
Vivhvoee. [L.] By the living voice ;
by oral testimony. [trifling. |
Vive la begaUlle. [P.] Success to |
Fire la ripublique, [P.] Long live
the republic [lung*
Vive le roi, [P.] Long live tliej
Vivere sat vincere. [L.] To conquer
is to live enough. [there are. 1
Voilh. [P.] Behold; there is, or I
Voir U dessous des cartes. [P.] To
see the underside of the cards.
Vous yperdres vospas. [P.] You
will lose your labor.
VoXyCtprurterea nihil. [L.] A voice,
and notliing more.
VozpopulifVoxDei. [L.] The voice
of the people is the voice of Ood.
Vraisemblance. [P.] Appearance of
truth.
Vulgo. [L.] Commonly.
Vultus est index animi. [L.] Tbe
face is the index of the miod.
Zeitgeist. [O.] The spirit of the
times.
Zonam solvere. [L.] To loose the
[virgin] sone or girale ; — a part of
the Roman marriage ceremony.
ZoUverein. [O.] A union among
the Oerman states for the coUeo*
tion of coatom-booM duties.
ABBREVIATIONS
USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING.
NOT!.— The eapitalintlon of abbreTiations U frequenUy a matter of choice. In some important cases the
alternative forma are given in thia list.
A. America: American.
A.tOra. Adjectire ; After-
noon ; Acre ; Answer ;
Alto ; Accepted {in com-
merce) ; Are (in the met-
ric tystem).
a.,or@. (Ad.) To or at.
d., or &a. (Ana., Of. ava.)
Of each the same quan-
tity (in medicine).
A. A, AflM)ciate of Arts.
A. A. A. O. Acting As-
sistant Adjutant General.
A.A.C. (Anno ante Chris-
tum. ) In the year before
Christ
A, A.O. Assistant Adju-
tant OeneraL
A, A. Q. M. Acting As-
sistant Quartermaster.
A, A. 8. {Academix Amer-
icanM Socitu.) Fellow of
the American Academv.
A. B. (Artium Baccalau-
reu*. ) Bachelor of Arts ;
Able-bodied (seaman).
Ah. Abyssinian.
Abbir.^ or abbrev. Abbre-
viated; Abbreviation.
A. B. C. F. M. American
Board of Commissioners
for Foreign Missions.
Ahd, Abdicated.
ah.inU, (AhinUio.) From
the beginning.
Abl. AbUtive.
Abp. Archbishop.
Abr. Abridged ; Abridg-
ment.
A. B. S. American Bible
Society.
Abs.re. (Absentereo.) The
defendant being absent.
A. C. (Ante Christum.) Be-
fore Christ ; Archchan-
cellor.
Ace. Accusative.
A cc.y or Acct. Account.
Aet.^ or act. Active.
A. D. (Anno Domini.) In
the year of our Lord ;
Archduke.
Ad. f or adv. Adverb.
A. D. C. Aid-de-camp.
Ad.capt. (Adcaptandum.)
For the purpose of catch-
Ad^n. (Ad/lnem.) At the
end.
Ad inf. (Ad injinihim.)
To infinity.
Ad. int. (Ad interim.) In
the interim or meantime.
Adi.^ or a4J. Adjective.
Adjt. Adjutant.
Ad lib. (Ad libitum.) At
pleasure.
Aam. Admiral ; Admiralty.
Admr. Administrator.
Admx, Administratrix.
Adv. Advocate ; Adver-
tisement ; Adverb ; Ad-
vent. — (Ad valorem.) At,
or on, the value. — (Ad-
versus.) Affalnst.
JE.,JEt.^at^tat. (JEtatis.)
Of age ; aged.
A. F.A. Associate of the
Faculty of Arts.
A. O, AdJuUnt General ;
Accountant General.
Ag. (Argentum.) Silver.
Agr.t or Agrie. Agricul-
ture; AgriculturaL
Agt. Agent.
A.H. (Anno Hegirm.) In
the year of the Heglra
(622 A. D.)
17* There ia a differ-
ence of lu days, 21 hours,
48 minutes, between the
Christian year and the
Mussulman year, so that
93 Christian years near-
ly equal 34 Mussulman
years.
A. /. American Institute.
Al. Aluminium.
At., or Ala. Alabama.
Alas. Alaska.
A Id. Alderman.
Affx. Alexander.
Alg. Alfrebra.
Alt. Altitude ; Alternate ;
Alto.
A.M. (A rtium Magister.)
Mister of Arts. — (Ante
Meridiem.) Before noon.
— (Anno Mundi.) In the
year of the world. — (Ave
Marin.) Hail Mary. —
(Annus Mirabilif.) The
wonderful year (ICGC).
Am. Amos; American.
Amer. American.
Amt. Amount.
Anon. Anonymous.
Ans., or ans. Answer.
Ant.^ovAnHq. Antiquities;
Antonym.
A.O.F. Ancient Order of
Foresters.
A. O. U. Ancient Order
of Uibemhms.
Aor.. or aor. Aorist.
A. 0. S. 8. (Amerieanm
Orientalit Societatis So-
eius.) Member of the
American Oriental So-
ciety.
A.O.U. W. Ancient Or-
der of United Workmen.
A. P. Associate Presbyte-
rian.
Apo. Apogee.
^op. Apostles ; Appendix ;
Appointed.
Apr. April.
A.R.A. Assoclste of the
RoyaIAcademy(£omfon).
A.Q.M. Assistant Quarter-
master.
A.R. (AnnoRegni.) Year
of the reign.
Aram. Aramaic.
Arch. Architecture.
Arehd. Archdeacon.
Ariih, Arithmetic.
I Ari.y OT Ariz. Arizona.
Ark. Arkansas.
I Arm. Armenian.
Armor. Armorican.
Arr. Arrived ; Arrivals.
A. B. R. (Anno Regni
Regis^ or Reginse.) In
the year of the king*8, or
queen^s, reign.
As. Arsenic ; Arkansas ;
Astronomy.
Asst. AMiistant.
A. S. S. U. American Sun-
day School Union.
Att., or Atty. Attorney.
Atty. Gen. Attorney Gen-
eral.
An. (Aunts.) French ells.
A. V. C. (Ab Urhe Con-
ditd.) From the building
of the city (I. e., Rome,
753 B. C, ae a peHod
from which a reckoning
is made).
A ug. August.
Au., or Aur. (Aurum.)
Gold.
Av. Avenue.
A. V. Authorized Version ;
Artillery Volunteers. —
(Anw>svixii.) He, or She,
lived (so many) years.
Avdp. Avoirdupois.
Ave. Avenue.
Avoir, Avoirdupois.
A. Y. M, Ancient York
Masonry.
B. Boron ; Baron ; British.
B., or 6. Bass (in music) ;
Bay ; Book ; Baae ; Bom.
B. A. British America;
Bachelor of Arts.
Ba. B\rium.
Bal, Balance.
Bar. Barleycorn ; Barrel ;
Bsrrister.
Barb. Birbadoes.
Bart., or Bt. Baronet.
Bat., or Batt, Battery;
Battalion.
.56/. BarreL— »M«. Bar-
rels.
S. C. Before Christ;
British Columbia.
B. C. L. Bachelor of Civil
Law.
B.D. Bachelor of Divinity.
Bd. Bond; Bound.
Bdl. Bundle.
Jids. ( Bound in) boards.
B. E. Bill of Exchanf^.
Be. (BeriiUium.)Q\nc\r\\xm.
Belff. Bel(;iiim ; Belgic.
Bevj. Benjamin.
B. >s L. (Bachelier >.<t li-
tres.) Bv;helorof Letters.
B. F., or B. fir. Firkin of
beer.
B.I. British India.
Bi. BUmnth.
Bib. Bible ; Biblical.
Bi4>g. B<08Taphv>
Biol, Biology ; Biological.
■ Bisc. Btscayan.
I Bk. Bank ; Book.
686 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRTTING AND PRINTING.
Bkff, Banking.
B. L. Bachelor of Laws ;
BUI of Lading.
Bl. Barrel; Bale.
B. L. E. Brotherhood of
LocomotiTe Engineers.
Bis, Balea.
B, M. {Baeealaureui M«-
dicinm.) Bachelorof Med-
icine.
B. M.^ or B.MuM. {Baeca-
lauretu Mtuicm.) Bich"
elor of Muaic.
B. O. Branch offloe ; Buy-
er's option.
Bor. Boron ; Borough.
B.P. Bill of Parcela; Bills
payable.
Bp. Bishop.
Br. Brother; Bromine.
B. Bee. Bills receirable.
Brig. Brigade ; Brigadier.
Brig. Qtn. Brigadier Gen-
eral.
BrU. Britain; British.
Bro. Brother. — Bro».
Brothers.
B.8. Bachelor of Surgery ;
Bill of sale.
B. S., or B. Sc. Bachelor
of Science.
Bui.f or Btuh. Bushel.
B.V. {Beala Virgo.) Blew-
ed Virgin. — {Bene Vale.)
Farewell.
B. V. M. Blessed Virgin
Mary.
O.
C Carbon; Chancellor;
Chancery; ConsuL
C, or <?. Central; Cubic ;
Chief ; Court. — \ Cm-
gius.\ A gallon. — (Cm-
tum.S A hundred ; Cent ;
Centiroe ; Centigrade :
Centimeter. — (Caput.)
Chapter.
C. A. Chartered Account-
ant ; Chief Accountant ;
Controller of Accounts;
Confederate Anny.
Ca. Calcium. — ( Circa. )
About.
Cat. par. See Cei. par.
Cat. California ; Calendar.
— (Calendm.) Calends.
Cflm., or Camb. Cambridge.
Cant. Canticles.
Cnntab. {Cantabrigiensis.)
Of Cambridge.
Cop. Capital. —(Capu/.)
Chapter.
Cnpt. Captain.
Car. Carat; Carpentry.
Card. Cardinal.
C.A.8. {Connfctimtlensi*
Jcademve Socim.)F^\\oyr
of the Coimecticut Acad-
emy.
Caih. Cashier.
Cot. Catalogue.
Cath. Catholic; Cathe-
dral ; Catherine.
C. B. Compaxdon of the
Bath ; Cape Breton.
Cb. Columbium.
C. B. S. Confraternity of
the Blessed Sacrament.
C.C. Caius College; Coun-
ty Commissioner ; County
Court ; Contra Credit ;
Crown Clerk ; cubic cen-
timeter. — (Compte Cou-
ranie.) Account Current.
CC. [L.] Carissimus ;
Clariasimus; Circum.
C. C. P. Court of Common
Pleas ; Code of Civil Pro-
cedure.
C. Cr. P. Code of Crimi-
nal Procedure.
Cd. Cadmium.
C. D. V. Carte de visHe.
C. E. Civil Engineer.
Ce. Cerium.
Cel. Celdus.
Cent. Centigrade. — (Cen-
tum.) A hundred.
C/., or<^. {Confer.) Com-
pare.
C. F. I. Cost, freight, and
insurance.
eg. Centigrams.
C. O. Consul General.
C. O. H. Cape of Good
Hope.
C. G. S. Centimeter-
grauune-second {applied
to a tystem of units) ;
Commissary General of
Subsistence.
C. H. Courthouse ; Cus-
tomhouse; Captain of the
Host.
Ch. Church ; Chapter ;
Charles ; Chaldean ;
Chancellor ; Child.
Chal. Chaldron.
Chap. Chapter.
Chem. Chemistry.
Ch. J. Chief Justice.
Chr. Christopher ; Chris-
tian; Christ.
Chron. Chronicles ; Chro-
nology.
cir.^ otcirc. {circum^ circa.)
About.
at. Citation ; Citizen.
Cir. Civil.
C.J. Chief Justice.
CI. Chlorine.
C/., or cl. Clergyman ;
Clerk ; Clause ; Cloth
{binding).
el. Centiliter.
CM., or eld. Cleared.
C. L. S. C. ChaUu(fua
Literary and Scientiflc
Circle.
Coll., or Colloq. Collo-
quial.
Clk. Clerk.
cm. Centimeter.
C. M. Common Me-
ter ; Certificated Mas-
ter; Corresponding Mem-
ber. —( r/itrMrow Mngis-
ter.) Master in Surgery.
cml. CommerciaL
C. O. Crown Office; Co-
lonial Office; Command-
ing officer; Care of.
Co. Cobalt ; Company ;
County.
Coch»y or CoeJd. {Coch-
leare.) A spoonf uL
C. O. D. Cash, or Collect,
on Delivery.
Cog. Cognate ; Cognate
with.
Col. Colonel ; CokMsians ;
Colorado.
Col. Corp. Color Corporal.
Coll. College ; Collector ;
Colleague.
Colo. Colorado.
Com. Commissioner ; Com-
mander ; Commodore ;
Committee ; Commerce ;
Commentary; Common.
Comdt. Comnumdant.
Com. off. Commissioned
officer.
Camp. Compare ; Compar-
ative ; Compound.
Com. Ver. Common Ver-
sion.
Con. (Contra.) Against ;
In opposition.
Con. Cr. Contra Credit.
Cong. Congress ; Congres-
sional ; Congregstional.—
(Congins.) A gallon.
Conj. Conjunction.
Conn., Con.., or Ct. Con-
necticut.
Con. Sect. Conic Sections.
Const. Constable ; Consti-
tution.
Contr. Contracted ; Con-
traction.
Cor. Corinthians ; Coro-
ner; Correspondent ; Cor-
relative.
Cor. Mem. Corresponding
Member.
Cor. Sec. Corresponding
Secretary.
Cos., or COS. Codne.
Cosec. , or cosec. Cosecant.
Coss. (Consules or Consuli-
bus.) ConsaU {of Borne).
Cot., or cot. Cotangent.
C. P. Court of Probate ;
Common Pleas ; Chief
Patriarch.
cp. jCorapare.
P. S. Congregational
Publishing Society. —
(Ctistos Prirati Sigilli.)
Keeper of the Privy Seal.
C. P. M. Common Partic-
ular Meter.
Cr. Credit ; Creditor ;
Chromium.
CR. (Carolus Hex.) King
Charles. — (Cii^s Bo-
manus.) Roman Citi-
sen. — (Cuftos Botulo-
rum.) Keeper of the
Rolls.
Cres. Crescendo.
Crim. Con. Criminal Con-
versation, or Adultery.
C. S. Court of Sessions;
CivO Service; Clerk to
the Signet. — (Cvstos Si'
Ui.) Keeper of the
a}
Cs. Ceaiam ; Oases; Consul.
C.8.A. Confederate SUtes
of America; Confederate
States Army.
C. S. I. Companion Star
of India.
C. S. N. Confederate
States Kavy.
C. T, Certificated Teacher.
Ct. Connecticut.
Ct., or et. (Centum.) Cent ;
A hundred. — Coonty ;
Court.
C.T.A.tr. Catholic Total
Abstinence Unl<m.
ctl. Cental.
Cts., or cts. Cents.
Cu. (Cuprum.) Copper.
Cum Div. , or cum. d. With
dividend.
Cur., or Curt. Current.
C. V. Common VersioD.
C. W. Canada West.
C. W. O. Cash with Order.
Cvt. , or etrt. (Lat. centum,
a hundred, and E. weight. )
Hundredweight ; Hun-
dredweights.
Cyc., or Cydo. Cydo-
podia.
D.
D. (Deus.) Ood.»I>oai-
inus ; Dux ; David ;
Duke ; Duchess ; D«>wa-
ger; Dutch; Didymium.
D.,ord. Day; Died; Dol-
lar ; Dime ; Daughter ;
Deputy; Degree; Dose.
— (Deuarius, or denorH.)
A penny, or Pence.
Da. Davyum.
D. A. G. Deputy Ad jo-
tant GeneraL
Dak. Dakota.
Dan. Danish ; Daniel.
Dot., or dot. Dative.
dbk. Drawback.
D. C. District of Columbia ;
District Court ; Deputy
Consul. — {Da Capo.)
Again, or From the be-
ginning.
D. C. L. Doctor of Civil
{or Canon) Law.
D.D. (Dirinitatis Doctor.)
Doctor of Divinity.
d. d. Days after date.
D. D. S, Doctor of Dental
Surgery.
Dea. Deacon.
Dec. December; Declina-
tion; Declension.
De/., or def. Definition;
Deiendant.
Dfft., or deft. Defendant
Deg., or deg. Degree, De-
greea.
dekog. Dekngram.
deitd. Dekaliter.
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING. 687
dekam, Dekameter.
Del. Delaware; Delegate.
Del.^ or del. {DelinearU.)
He, or She, drew it; —
prefixed to the draughte-
iiiatt*8 name.
Dem. Democrat; Demo-
cratic.
Dep. Depaty ; Depart-
ment; Diepooeut.
Dept. Depurtment; Depo-
Der.^ or Deriv. Derived ;
DeriratiTe; DariTation.
Deui, Deuteronomy.
D. F. (Fidei defensor.)
Defender of the faitli. —
Dean of the Faculty.
/>//.« or 4/L Defendant;
Draft.
D,0. {DeigrAHa.) By the
grace of Ood. — Dn^goon
Guards.
dp. Decigram.
D, ff. Deadhead.
DL Didyroium.
Diat, DUJectio.
Diam., or diam. Diameter.
Did. Dictionary.
DinUf or Dimin. Diminu-
tive; Diminuendo.
DU.^ or Ditct. Discount.
Di*p. Dispensatory.
DUt. District; Distant.
DUt.AUy. District Attor-
ney.
Div. Dividend ; Division ;
Divide; Divided; Divisor.
D. L. Deputy Lieutenant.
dl. Deciliter.
D. L. O. Dead Letter Of-
fice.
D. M. Doctor of Music.
dm. Decimeter.
D. M. D. (Doctor Medi-
einm Denialit.) Doctor
of Dental Surgery.
Do., or do. {Ditto.) The
Dots., or dole. Dollars.
D. O. M. {Deo Outimo
Maximo.) To God, the
Best, the Greatest.
Dom. Dominion.
Dom.Econ. Domestic Econ-
omy.
Doz.^ or dot. Dozen.
D. P. Doctor of Philoso-
phy.
D.P.O. Dbtributing Post
Office.
Dr. Debtor; Doctor; Dram.
D.8. {Dal Segno.) From
the Sign. — Days* Bight.
d. #. p. ( uecessit sine prole. )
Died without issue.
D.T. DakoU Territory.—
{Doctor TheologiiF.) Doc-
tor of Divinity.
D. V. {Deo Volente.) God
willing.
D.V.M. Doctor of Veteri-
nary Medicine.
d. V. p. {Deceuit vita pa-
iris.) Died during his
father's life.
Dwt. (Lat. denarius and
English wei^A/.) Penny-
weight.
dwtf. Daily [and] weekly
tiU forbidden.
Dyn, Dynamica.
E. East; Earl; English;
Eastern {Postal District ,
London) ; Erbium.
E.yore Eagle; Eaglea.
ea. Each.
E. ds O. E. Errors and
omissions excepted.
Eb. Erbium.
Ehen. Ebeneser.
Ehor. {Eboracum.) York.
E.C. Eastern Central (Po«-
tal District , London ) ;
EsUblished Church.
Eccl.^ot Eccles. Ecclesias-
tes; Ecclesiastioal.
Eeclits. Ecclesiasticus.
Eclec. Eclectic.
E. C. U. English Church
Union.
Ectta. Ecuador.
Ed. Editor; Edition.
E. D. S. English Dialect
Society.
E. E. Errors excepted;
Ells English; Electrical
Engineer.
B. E. dc M, P. Envoy Ex-
traordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary.
E. E. D. S. Early English
Dialect Society.
E. E. T. S. Early EngUsh
Text Society.
E. Fl. Flemish ells.
E. Fr. French ells.
e.g. {exempli gratid.) For
example.
E. I. Bast Indies, or East
India.
E. L C. East India Com-
pany.
Elec. Electricity.
E. Lon. Exat Longitude.
Ett. Elzevir.
E. M. Mining Engineer.
E. M. F. Electromotive
Force.
Emp. Emperor ; Empress.
Enci/c. Enoyclopcedia.
E. N. E. East-northeast
Eng. England ; English ;
Kngineers; Engraving.
Engin. Engineering.
Eni., OT Entom. Entomol-
ogy.
Env. Ext. Envoy Ex-
traordinary.
eod. Every other day.
F.ph. Ephesians ; Ephralm.
Fpis. Episonpaj.
Eq., or eg. Equal; Equiv-
alent.
Er. Erbium.
E. S. Scotch ells.
E*d. F^ras.
E. S. E. East-sontbaMt.
f jp., esp.f or espee. Espe-
cially.
Esq., or Esqr, Esquire.
Est. Esther.
E. T. English TransUtlon.
etal. {et alibi.) And else-
where.— {el alii, or alise.)
And others.
Etc. , etc. , or <fec. {Et emteri,
cteterm, or esttera. ) And
others ; and so forth.
et seq., or et seqq. {et se-
quentes, or et sequentia.)
And the following.
E. U. Evangelical Union.
Ex. Example; Exodus.
Exe. Excellency; Excep-
tion.
Exch. Exchange ; Ex-
chequer.
Ex. Com. Executive Com-
mittee.
Ex. cp. Without {extra)
coupon.
Exd., or ex div. {exdividen-
do.) Without the divi-
dend.
Exec, or Eir. Executor.
Execx. Executrix.
ex. g., ex. gr. See e. a.
Exod., otExx. E^odfus.
Ezon. {Exonia.) Exeter.
Ezr. Executor.
Ext. Extra; Extract.
Ex., or Exr. Bna.
Esek. EsekieL
P.
F. France; French; Fah-
renheit ; Fellow ; Friday ;
Fluorine.
F. , or /. Feminine ; Franc ;
Florin ; Farthing ; Foot ;
Folio; Forte.
F., or Fahr. Fahrenheit.
F. A. A. Free of all Av-
erage.
F.A.LA. Penowofthe
American Institute of
Architects.
F. A. M. Free and Ac-
cepted Masons.
Far. Farriery; Farthing.
FA. 8. Fellow of the So-
ciety of Arts ; Fellow of
the Antiquarian Society.
F. B. 8. Fellow of the
Botanical Society.
F. C. Free Church {of
Scotland).
Frp., or fcp. Foolscap.
F. D. {^<1ei defensor.) De-
fender of the faith.
Fe. (Ferrum.) Iron.
Feb. February.
Fee. {FecU.) He, or She,
made it.
Fern., oxfem. Feminine.
fjT. Folios ; Following ;
Fortissimo.
F. F. V, First families of
Virginia.
F. O. 8. Fellow of the
Geographical Society.
Fig., or Jfg. Figure, Fig-
ures; Figuratively.
Fir., or Ar. Firkin.
Fl. , or Jf. Florin, Florins ;
Flourished.
Fl. Flamen; Flanders;
Flemish.
Fl.,Fta., or Flor. Florida.
F. L. 8. Fellow of the
Limuean Society.
F. M. Field MarshaL
Fo., or Fol. Folio.
F. O. B. Free on board.
F. P. A. Free of particu-
lar average.
Fr. France ; Francis ;
French.— (G./Vaii.) Mrs.
fr. From ; Franc.
F.R.A.8. Fellow of the
Royal Astronomical So-
ciety.
F. R. C. P. Fellow of the
Royal College of Phyal-
F. R. C. 8. FeUow of the
Royal College of Sur-
geons.
F. R. O. 8. FeUow of the
Royal Geographical Soci-
ety.
Fri. Friday.
F. R. 8. Fellow of the
Royal Society.
F. R. 8. E. Fellow of the
Royal Society of Edin-
burgh.
F. R. 8. L. FeUow of the
Royal Society of Litera-
ture ; FeUow of the Royal
Society, London.
F. 8. A. FeUow of the So-
ciety of Arts ; FeUow of
the Society of Antiqua-
ries.
F. 8. I. Free Sons of
IsraeL
F. 8. 8. FeUow of the
SUtistical Society.
Ft., or ft. Foot, Feet;
Fort : Fortified.
Fth. Fathom.
FSir., OT fur. Furlong.
Fut.^ OTjfut. Future.
F. W. B. Free WiU Bap-
Ust.
F. Z. 8. FeUow of the
Zo<flogical Society.
G.
O. ChUus; GeUiue; Ger-
man ; Glucinum.
0.,org. Guinea, Guineas;
Guide ; -Genitive ; Gulf ;
Gram.
O. A. General Adsembly.
Oa. Georgia; Gallium.
Gnl. Galatians
Go/., or gal. GaUon, Gal-
lons.
Galv. G<ilvanism ; Galvanic.
O. A. R. Grand Army of
the Republic.
O. B. Great Britain.
O. C. Grand Chapter.
688 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING.
O, C. B. Oraod OroM of
the Bath,
a. e. d. Greatest common
dirisor.
g. e. m. Qreateet c<Hnmon
meMure.
O. C. M. O. Oraod CroM
of St. Michael and St.
Oeorge.
0. C, S. L Grand Com-
mander of the Star of
India.
O. D. Grand Duke ; Grand
Ducbeas.
Gen. Genesis ; General ;
Genitive ; Generally ; Ge-
nus.
Gent. Gentleman.
Geo. George.
Geog. Geography.
Geol. Geology.
Geoni. Geometry.
Ger. Gerund.
Ger.^ or Germ. German.
Gi., or gi. Gills.
O. L. Grand Lodge.
Gl. Glucinum.
G. M. Grand Master.
gm. Gram.
G. O. General Order.
Gov. Governor.
G. P. {Gloria Pairi.)
Glory to the Father.
G. P. O. General Poet-Of-
flce.
Gr. Great; Greek.
Gr., or gr. Grain, Grains ;
Grammar ; Great ; Gross.
g». Guineas.
G. 8. Grand Secretary;
Grand Scribe.
G. T. Good Templars;
Grand Tiler.
GU, {Guam.) Drops.
H. Hydrogen.
H.y or h. High; Height;
Harbor ; Husband ; Hour,
Hours; Height.
hn. Hectare.
Hab. Habakkuk.
Hag. HaggHi.
H. B. C. Hudson's Bay
H. B. M. His, or Her,
Britannic Majenty.
H. C. House of Commons ;
Herald 'h College.
//. C. M. His, or Her,
Catholic Majesty.
Hdkf. Handkerchief.
H. E. His Eminence ; His
Excellency.
A. e. {Hie ^«/, or hoe est.)
That is, or This i%.
Heh.y or Hebr. Hebrew;
Hebrews.
H. E. I. C. Honorable East
India Company.
H/.-bd., or A/-W. Half-
bound.
//. G. Horse Guarda.
hg. Hektogram.
Hg. {Hydrargyrum.) Mer-
cury.
H. H. His, or Her, High-
ness; HU Holineas (Me
Pope).
Hhd., or hhd, Hogabead.
Uier. {Hierotolyma.) Jeru-
salem.
H.I.H. His, or Her, Im-
perial HighDBsa.
Hil. Hilary.
Hind. Hindoo ;Hh>doctaii;
Hindostanee.
Hipp. Hippocratea.
Hitf. History.
h.j, {Hicjacet.) Here lies.
//. L. House of Lords.
M. Hektoliter.
H. M. His, or Her, Majesty:
Hallelujah Meter.
Am. Hektometer.
H.M.S. His, or Her, MaJ.
esty*s Steamer, Ship, or
Service.
Hon. HonoraUe.
Hor. Horixon; Horology.
Horl, Horticnlture.
Ho9. Hoaea.
H. P. Horse power ; Half
pay ; High Priest.
H.lL House of Bepreaent-
ativea.
/fr., or Ar. Hour.
H.R.E. Holy Roman Em-
pire, or Emperor.
//. R. H. His, or Her,
Royal Highness.
A. M. {Hie situs.) Here
lies.
H. S. 8. {Historim 8oei'
etatis Bocius.) Fellow
of the Historical Society.
A/. Height.
Hund. Hundred.
Hyd. Hydro^atica.
/. Iodine; laUmL — (/m-
perator.) Emperor. —
Idaho.
Ta. Iowa.
lb.. Ibid. {Ibidem.) In
the same place.
/. C. {lesus Chrisius.)
Jesus Christ.
Id. Idaho. — {Idem.) The
same.
I.e.,OTi.e. {Id est.) That
is.
/. H. 8. {lesus [or Jesus'}
Hominum 8alvator.) Je-
sus the Savior of Men.
C:^^ This was origfaudly
written IH2, and intended
as an abbreviation of 'IH-
20Y2, the Greek form of
thevrordJesiut. The Greek
H (eta) having been mis-
taken for the Latin H
{nHrh\ and a Latin S sub-
Rtituted for the Greek S,
the three letters were
supposed to be the initials
of three separate words.
m. Illinois.
Imp. Imperial. — (/mpera-
tor.) Emperor.
Ifnp., or imp. Imperfect;
Imperative ; Imparted. —
{Imprimatur.) Let it be
printed.
In. Indium.
/n., or in. Inch, Inches.
Inch., or Jneho. Incho>
ative.
incog. {ineognUo.) Un-
known.
Ind. Indhuia.
Ind., or ind. Indicative.
Ind. r., or Ind. Ter. In-
dian Territory.
In/. , or inf. Infinitive ; In-
fantry.
In lim. (In limine.) At
the outset.
In loc. {In loco.) In ito
place.
In loc. eit. {In loco citato.)
In the place cited.
/. N. A I. {lesus [or
Jesus'] Aasarenus, Hex
ludstorum [or Jftdxo-
rum}.) Jeans of Nasa-
reth, King of the Jews.
Ins., otinsur. Insurance.
inst. Instant ; Institute.
Int., or int. Interest.
Interj'., or int. Interjection.
in trans, {in transitu.) On
the passage.
Inv. Invoice.
lo. Iowa.
Ion. Ionic.
/. O. O. F. Independent
Order of Odd Fellows.
/. O. G. T. Independent
Order of Good Templara.
/. O. R. M. Improved Or-
der of Red Men.
/. O. 8. M. Independent
Order of the Bona of
Malta.
lOU. loweyou; — anao-
knoK ledgment for money.
i.q. {idem quod.) The same
as.
/. R. O. Internal Revenoe
Office.
Ir. Iridium; Iriah; Ire-
land.
Is., or Isa. Isaiah.
IsL, or isl. Island.
/. T. Indian Territory.
If., or Ital. lUlian ; ItaUo.
Itin. Itinerary.
/. W. Isle of Wight.
J. Judge ; Justice ; Julius ;
Juniua; Jupiter.
J. A. Judge Advocate.
Jan. January.
Jas. James.
J. C. Jesus Christ; Jus-
tice Clerk ; Julius Oasar ;
Jurisconsult.
J. C. D. {Juris CipUU
Doctor.) Doctor of Civil
Law.
J. D. {Jurum Doctor.) Doc-
tor of Laws ; Junior Dea-
con.
Jer. Jeremiah.
J. G. W. Junior Giud
Warden.
J.H.8. EeeI.H.8.
Jno. John.
Jo. JoeL
Jon., or Jona. Jonathan.
Jos. Joaenh.
Josh. Joshua.
Joiir. Journeyman; Jour-
nal.
J. P. Justice of the Peace.
J.Prob. Judge of Probate.
Jr. , jr. , or Jun. Junior.
J. U.D.,otJ. V.D. {Juris
Utriusqw Doctor.) Doc-
tor of Both Laws (i. e..
the Canon and the Civii
Law).
Jud. Judith.
Jwig. Judges.
Jul. July; Julina.
Jul. Per. Julian Period.
Jun., at Junr, Junior.
Jus. P. Justice of the
Peace.
Just. Juatice ; Justinian.
J. W. Junior Warden.
K. Kinff, Kings ; Knight.
— {Ktuium.) Potasdum.
— {Kalendte.) Calends.
K. A. Knight of 8L An-
drew (in Russia).
KaL Calenda.
Kan,^Kans.^OTKas. Kan-
K.B. Knight of the Bath;
King's Bench.
K. C. King*s Coattsel;
Knight of th« Crescent
(t» Turkey).
K. C. B. Knight Com-
mander of the Bath.
Jr. C. 8. 1. Knight Com-
mander of the Star of
India.
Ken., or Ky. Kentucky.
K. G. Knight of the Garter.
kg. Kilcgram.
K. G. C. Knight of the
Grand Cross ; Knight of
the Golden Circle.
K.G.C.B. Knight of the
Grand Cross of the Bath.
Ki.,<xtKin, Kings.
KHo.. or Am. Kilometer.
kt. KiloUter.
KUog. Kilogram.
K.M. Knight of Malta.
km. Kilometer.
Kni., or Kt. Knight
K. P. Knight of Pythtaa;
Knight of St. Patrick.
kr. Kreutser.
Ks, Kanfaa.
K. T. Knight Terapkr;
Knight of the Thistle.
Kt. Knight.
Ky. Kentucky.
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING. 689
L. iMdj; Lutiii: LoM;
Low; iitliiain; Law.
L,. or I. Lake ; Latitude ;
umgiMi Lino;
LKer; Long. — (Liftro.)
Apouaa ■tai^
ApoimdCiii
£..t,or£. '
liug.
La,
L,A.8. Lord AdToeato of
i^o/. Latin.
Lai.,otUa. Latitoda.
Z6.,<6.,orlb. (2;«ni.) A
pound (in ire^^).
L.(7. Lowar Oanaoa ; Lord
OhaooaUor; Lord Oham-
barlaln.
I. e. Lowar caaa; Latter
of credit. — {loeo citato.)
In the place before cited.
L,C.B, Lord Chief Baioo.
L, a J. Lord Chief Jua-
tice.
L e, m, Leaat common
multii^
L, D. Lady Day; Ught
Dragoona.
Li. Lnrd.
/wfp., or £^. Lordahip.
Leo., or lea. League.
.£€9., or Legi», Legiala*
ture.
Lev, Lerltioua.
L. a. Life Onarda.
I. A. Left hand.
L, H. D, (Lit^nrum Hu-
mwnorum Doctor.) Doc-
tor of Humanifiaa;~a
degree conferred by the
Begenta of the Uiiirer-
aity of the State of Ndw
York.
L, L Long laland ; Light
Infantry.
Li.^ot L. Lithium.
L(b.,otlib. (Liber.) Book.—
(Libra,) Pound ; Library.
Lievt.^ or Ll. lieutenant.
Litm. LinuBOa ; Limuean.
Liq. Liquor.
Lit. , or M. Liter ; UteraUy.
LHh, Uthuanian.
Liv,f or liv. Line.
L I. (U>eo ktudato.) In
the place quoted.
LL B. (Leffum Baeealau-
reui.) Bachelor of Lawa.
BS^The Initial letter
of a word la aometimea
doubled, aa in the preeent
inatanoe, to aignixy the
pluraL
LL. D. {Legum Doctor.)
Doctor of Lawa. See
LL.B.
L,M. Long Meter.
L, M. D. Long Meter
Double.
toe, cit. (loco citato.) In
the place cited.
Log, Logarithm.
44
LoH.^ Long. Longitude.
Loq. {Loquitur.) Speaks.
Lou.f or La. Louiaiana.
Lp.. or Ldp. Lordship.
L. P, Lord ProTost.
L. P, M. Long Ptuticular
Meter.
L. R. C. P. Licentiate of
the Royal College of Phy-
aicians.
L. E. C. S, Licentiate of
the Royal College of Sur-
geona.
L. 8. Left Bide ; Linn«an
Sodetj.— {Locus Sigilli. )
Place of the SeaL
L. 8. /?., £ M. d.f or L 9. d.
(Libra, Sotidi, Denarii.)
Pounds, ShilUnga, Pence.
1. 1. Long ton.
LL^ or Lieut. TJ^wt^«i^«t
Lv.f or Iv, livrea.
M. Marquia; Monday; Mon-
tiBva.—iMendiet.) Me-
ridian, Noon. — {MiUe.)
Tbouaand.
if., orm. Maaouline ; Mar-
ried ; Moon ; Month,
Mentha; Minute, Min-
utea; Minim; Morning;
Mile, MUea ; Meter. —
(Male.) Thousand; Mill,
Milla. — (lfi«ee.) Mix.—
(MiHura.) Mixture. —
( JfenMira.) Meaaure ; By
M.A. MUitary Academy;
Master of Arta.
Mae.fOr JUaec. Maccabeea.
Maeed, Macedonia.
Mitch. Machinery.
Mad., or Madm. Madam.
Mag. Magasine.
MaJ. Major.
Maj. Oen. Major OeneraL
MaL Malachi.
Man, Man^e; Manual.
Manuf. Manufacturi/ig.
Mar. March; Maritime.
March. Mwohionesa.
Mnrg. Trans, Marginal
translation.
Marq. Marquia.
Mas., Maac. Masculine.
Mass., or Ms. Maasaohu-
setta.
Matt. Matthew.
M. B, {MedirinsB Baeea-
laureus.) B<W!helor of
Medicine. — ( MusicsKBac-
ealaureus.) Bachelor of
Music.
M. C. Member of Con-
gress ; Master of Cere-
monies ; Master Com-
mandant.
3feh. Miroh.
m. d. Montha after date.
M.D. (Medieinm Doctor.)
Doctor of Mndidne.
Md. Maryland.
MdUe. Mademoiaelle.
Mdm. Madam.
M. E. Methodist Episco-
pal; MUitary, Mlniug,
or Mechanical Engineer ;
Most Excellent.
Me. Maine.
Med. Medical; MediavaL
Mem. Memonuidum.
M. E. 8. Metbodiat Epia-
copal South.
Messrs., or MM. (Mes-
sieurs.) Gentlemen ; Sira.
See LL.B.
Meth. Methodlat
n^. {Mena forte,) Mod-
erately loud.
Mfg. Manufacturing.
M.Jt. (Misturajlat?) Let
a mixture be
ma. Milligram.
Jify. Magneaium.
Ji^. Monaignor.
M. U. 5. liassMchuaetta
Historical Society ; Mem-
ber of the Historical So-
ciety.
Mi. Miaaisaippi; Mile.
Mie. Micah.
Mich. Michigan ;Micbael-
maa.
Mid. Midshipman.
MU. MUitary.
Min., or min, lOnute, Min-
utea.
Minn. Mlnneaota.
Min.Pien. Minister Pleni-
potentiary.
Miss. Mississippi.
ml. MUliliter.
Mile. MademoiaeUa.
mm. MiUimeter.
MM. Their Majesties. —
(Messieurs.) Gentlemen.
See LL. B.
Mme. Madame.
Mn. Manganeee.
M. N. A. 8. Member of
the National Academy of
Sciences.
Mo. Missouri; Monday;
Molybdenum.
Mo., or mo. (Moderate.)
Moderately. — Month.
Mod. Modem.
mol. wt. Molecular weight.
Mon., or Mond. Monday.
Mans. Monsieur, or Sir.
Monsig. Monsignor.
Mont. Montana.
Mos.^ or mos. Montha.
M. P. Member of Pariia-
ment ; Member of Police ;
MunicipalPollce.— (3ft/ia
passuum.) A thoaaand
paces ; — a Roman mile.
M. P. C. Member of Par-
liament In Canada.
M. P. P. Member of the
Provincial Parliament.
M.B. Master of the RoUa.
Mr. Maater; Mister.
M.R.A.S. Member Royal
Academy of Sciences ;
Member of the 'Royal
Asiatic Society.
M.R.C.S. Member of the
Royal CcOega of Bur-
M. MX.
\ R. I. Member of the
Royal Inatitution.
M.R.I.A. Member of the
Royal Iriah Academy.
Mrs. Mlstreaa; MissKa.
M8, Manuacript.
m. s, Montha after eight
M, 8. Master of Science ;
Master of Surgery.— (Jf<t-
morix sacrum.) Saored
to the memory,
m. s. I. Mean aea lereL
MSS. Manuacripta. See
LL.B,
Mt, Mount, or Mountain.
M. T. C. Maroua TuUiua
Cicero.
Mus.B. Bachelor of Mnaic.
Mas. D., Mus. Doc., or
Mus. Doet. Doctor of
Muaic.
mv. (Metsavoce.) With
half the voice.
M. W, Most Worthy.
M, W. Q, M. Most Wot.
shipful Grand Master.
M. W. P, Moat Worthy
Patriarchy.
myg, Myriagranu
myl Myriallter.
mym, Myriameter.
Mgth. kytbology.
N.
N. Noon; North ;Nepfeiiae;
Nitrogen.
N., or f». Noon ; Note ;
Name; New; Number;
Neuter ; NominatiTa ;
NaU,NaUs.
N. A. North America;
North American.
Na. (Natrium.) Sodium.
Na., or no. NaU, NaUa.
N.A.D. National AoadMny
of Design.
iVoA. Nahum.
N.A.8. National Academy
of Sciencea.
Nat. Natural; NationaL
Naih. Nathaniel.
Naut. Nautical.
Nov. NavaL
N.B. North Britiah; North
Britain ; New Brunswick.
—iNoia bene. ) Note weU |
TsJce notice.
Nb. NioMttra.
N. C. North OaroUnai
New Church.
N.D.,OTn.d. No date.
N, Dak., or N. D. North
Dakota.
N, B. Northeast ; North-
em Eastern (Postal Die-
trict, London) ; New Eng-
land.
Neb. Nebraska.
Neh. NehenUah.
Nem. con. (Nemine eon-
tradicente.) No one con-
tradicting ; Unanimoualy.
690 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING.
Nem, diu. (Nemine dU-
seniienie. ) No one diMeot-
ing.
JVeM. NetberUndA.
Aeu/., or neut. Neuter.
Aev. Nerada.
N. F. Newfoundland.
K, O, New Granada ; North
Oemuui ; Noble Orand ;
Noffood.
Ng. Norwegium.
A&r. New Greek.
N.II. New Hampshire.
Ni. NiokeL
N. J. New Jersey.
NL. New Latin.
A. /., or n, I. {yon liquel.)
It appears not ; The case
it not clear.— (Xon licet.)
It it not permitted.
AT. Lai. North Latitude.
N. M. New Mexica
y. N. E. North-north.
N. N. W, North-north-
wett.
If. O. New Orleans.
JV'o. Norium.
Ao.t or 710. {Numtro.) Num-
ber.
Sol. pron. {S<AU prose-
quu) To be unwilUng to
prosecute.
iVom., or nom. Nominative.
Non - com, Noncommit-
tloned.
XonCon.f Of mm eon. Non-
content ; i. e. dissentient
( Home of Lord4),
If on obst., or non oM. {Non
obstante.) Notwithstand-
ing.
Non Pro».^ or Son pros,
(Son prosequitur.) He
does not prosecute ; — a
judgment entered against
the plaintiff when he does
not appear to prosecute.
Non seq. , or non sea. ( Xon
seqnttur.) It does not
follow.
Aorw. Norway.
Nos. , or nos. Numbers.
Nov. Noreraber.
N. P. New Proridence ;
Notary Public; Nisiprius.
N.P.D. North Polar Di».
tance.
N. R. North River.
N. S. Nova Scotia; New
Style {sinee 1752). — {So-
ire Seianeur. ) Our Lord.
N. T. New Testament.
N. ft., or n. tf. Name un-
known.
Nnm . , or A'w mh. Numbers.
NfiT rom. Nux vomica.
N. W. Northwert; North-
ern W«ttem (Postal Dis-
trirty TAmdon).
N. W. P. Northwest Prov-
Ince.
.V. W. T. Northwest Ter-
rit'^ry.
.V. Y. N-^wY^rk.
N.Z. New Zealand.
0. Ohio ; Oxygen ; Old. —
(OctaHus.) Pint.
0b.,OT0b. {ObiU.) Died;
Obiter.
Obad. Obadiah.
Obdt. Obedient.
OM., or o^. Objective;
Objection.
Obs. Observatory ; Obso-
lete.
Obt.,mGbdL Obedient.
Oct. October.
Off. Official; OffldnaL
O. H. M. 8. On Her
Majesty's Service.
Okia. OUahoma.
Ot. (Oleum.) OiL
O/., or Olym. Olympiad.
O. M. Old measurement.
Op. Opposite; Opus ; Opera.
(Jpt.y or opt. Optics; Op-
tative.
Or. Oregon; Oriental.
Ord. Ordinance ; Ordinary.
Orig. OrighuUly.
O. 8. Old Stvle {previous'
Ijf to 1752) ; Ordinary
Seaman ; Old School; Old
Series.
Os. Osmium.
0. T. Old Testament.
Ozon. {Oxoniensis.) Oxo-
nian, or of Oxford.
0«., or og. Ounce, or
ounces.
^P*The z is here used
to n^present the charac-
ter 3 , anciently an albre-
viatlon for terminati<nia.
P. Phosphorus.
P., or p. Page ; Part ;
Pipe ; Participle ; Penny ;
Pint. — {Pondere.) By
weight. — ( Pater. ) Fa-
ther.— {piano.) Soft.
Pa. Pennsylvania.
pa. Participial adjective.
pam.^ or pamph. Pam-
phlet.
Pari. Parliament.
Part.^ or part. Participle.
Pass. ^ or pass. Passive.
Pb. {Plumbum.) Lead.
P. B. (Philosophim Bae-
calaureus.) Bachelor of
Philosophy.
P. C. Privy Councilor. —
{Patres ConseriptL) Con-
Rt^ript Fathers. — Past
Commander.
Pd. Paid; Palladium.
P. E. Protectant Episcopal;
Presiding Elder.
Pe. Pelopinm.
P. E. I. Prince Edward
Island.
Pmn, Pennsylvania.
Pent.- Pentecost.
Per nn.y or per an. {Per
annum.) By the year.
Per eent.^ per eent.^ Per
e/., or per d. {Per cen-
tum.) By the hundred.
Per/.f or per/. Perfect.
Perh. Perhaps.
Per pro. (Per proeura-
tionem.) By procuration ;
On behalf of.
PeH. Pertaining.
Pet. Peter.
pf. Perfect; Preferred.
P. O. Past Grand.
Pa. Portuguese.
PA. B. {Philosophise Bac-
ealaureus.) Bachelor of
Philosoi^y.
Ph.D. (PhUosophiit Doc-
tor.) Doctor of Philoso-
phy.
PhU. PhUip : PhUippians ;
Philosophy; Philemon.
PMla. Philadelphia.
Philem. Philemon.
Philom. {Philomathes.)
Lover of learning.
Phil. Trans. Philosophi-
cal Transactions.
Pin*., pinx.t or P«f., prt.
{Pinxit.) He, or She,
painted it.
P.J. PoUoe Justice; Pre-
siding Justice ; Probate
Judge.
P*., OTpk. Peck.
Pkg. Package.
PL, or pi. PluraL
Pljr. PUintiff.
Phipf. Pluperfect.
Plu.y Plur., or plu., plur.
Plural.
P. M. Postmaster ; Past
Master; Past Midship-
man. — (Post Meridiem.)
Afternoon.
pm. Premium.
P. M. G. Postmaster Gen-
eral.
P. O. Post-Offlce.
P. 0.0. Post-Offloe Order.
P. o/ ff. Patron of Hus-
bandry.
Pop. Population.
Port. Portuguese.
Pm., pos., Poss.t or poss.
PosMsaive.
P. P. Parish Priest.
p. p. Past Participle.
PP. {Patres.) Fathers.
pp. Ptmea (-^ee LL. B. ).
P. P. C. (Pour prendre
rongi.) To take leave.
Pph.yorpph. Pamphlet.
p. p. i. Policy proof of in-
terest.
p. pr. Present Participle.
P. a Province of Quebec.
P. R. Priie RInjt; Porto
Rico. — (Populus Roma-
nus.) Roman People.
Pr.,pr., or |>. {Per.) By
tlie.
Pre/. Prefix.
Prep., ox prep. Preposition.
Prfin. President,
Pret., or pret. Preterit.
Priv. Private; Privative.
P. R. N. {Pro re nata.) Ac
cording to the ocoastoo.
Prob. Problem.
Pro/. Professor.
Prom. Promontory.
Profi., OT pron. Pronoun.
Prot. Protestant
Pro tern., or pro tern. {Pro
tempore.) For the time
beiug.
Pror. Proverbs; Provost;
Province.
Prox. {Proximo.) Next.
prs. Pairs.
P. 8. (Post scHpium.) Post-
script. — Privv Seal.
P«., Psalm, or Psalms.
Pt. Pint; Part ;Pa}-ment:
Platinum; Point; Port
P. /. , or p. t. Post town.
P. T. O. Please turn over.
Pub. PubUc; PublUher.
Pub. Doc. Public Docu-
ments.
P. »., or p. V. Post Tilla^.
Pu^.f or pirt. Pennyweight
Pxt. , or pxt. { pisixiL ) He,
or She, painted it.
Q. Quintus; Quebec
Q., or q. Question. —
(Quadrans.) A farthmg.
Q., or Qh. Query; Question;
Qneeu.
Q. B. Qneen*s Bench.
Q. C. Queen's Counsel.
Q. <f., or q. d. {Quasi dicat.)
As if he should say.
Q. E. D. (Quod erot de-
monstrandum.) Wldeh
was to be demonstrated.
QuintaL
/. {Qttantumlibet.) As
much as you please.
O. M. Quartermaster.
Q. M. O. Quartermaster
GenersL
Q. p. . {Quantum ptaeet)
As much as seems good.
Qr., or qr. Quart4>r (28
pounds) ; Quire.— {Quad'
rans.) Farthing.
Q. «., or q. s. {Quon/um
sujftcit.) A soffldeut
quantity.
Of. , or at. Quart ; Quantity.
Qu. Queen ; Question ;
Quarter.
Ow., or Oy. {Q»uere.) Query.
Ques. Question.
Q. r., or q. v. {Quod Hde.)
Which see ; pL qq. v. —
( Quantum vis.) As much
as yon wilL
Qy. Query.
fi.
R. {Rex.)Khitt.'-{Reg(ma.)
Qneen. — Rfiaiimur ; Re-
pnblimn ; Rome ; Rtdi-
cal; Rhodium.
ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING. 691
S,, or r. Railway ; Recipe ;
Rector ; River ; Re-
•ponae; Rare; Resides;
Rod; Rood; Rupee.
S. A. Royal Academy, or
Academician; Raar Ad-
miral ; Right AaoenaioD ;
Royal Artillery; Royal
Arch.
Bad.f or rod, {Radix.)
Root; Radical.
Rb. Rubidiam.
r. e. Right center.
/?. C. Roman Catholic.
R.C.A. Reformed Church
in America.
R. D. Royal Dragoons.
R, E. Royal Engineers;
Right Excellent.
Reaum. Rthtumur.
Rec. or R. Recipe.
Rec't. Reoeired.
Ree.See. Recording Secre-
tary.
Reet. Receipt
Re/. Reformed ; Reformer ;
Keformation ; Reference.
R^. Ch, Reformed Church.
Reg. Register; Regular.
R^g. Prof. Regius Profes-
sor.
Regt, Regiment.
Rrp. RepreaenUtiTC ; Re-
public ; Reporter.
Rev. Revelation ; Revolu-
tion ; Review ; Revenue ;
Reverend ; Revise.
Rev. Ver, Revised Version.
Rh. Rhodium.
R. H. G. Royal Horse
Guards.
R. U. 5. Royal Historical
Society ; Royal Horti-
cultural Society ; Royal
Humane Society.
R. I. Rhode Island.
R. M. Royal Marines.
mi. Ream.
R. M. 8. Royal Mail
Steamer.
R. N. Royal N.ivy.
R. N. R. Royal Navy Re-
serve.
ro. Rood.
Ro., or Robt. Robert.
Rom. Roman; Romans.
Roin. Caih. Roman Cath-
olic.
R. P. Reformed Presby-
terian : Regius Professor.
R. P. D. Royal Purple
Degree.
Rpt. Report.
R.R. RaUroad.
R*. Rupees.
R. 8. Recording Secretary.
R. 8. D. Royid Society of
Dublin.
B. 8. B. Royal Society of
Edinburgh.
B. 8. V. P. (RSpondez, **»/
vou* plait.) Reply, if you
please.
Ri, Hon. Right Honorable.
Rl, Rfp, Right Reverend.
JiHf Rtithfnlumi
R. V. Revised Version.
R. W. Right Worshipful ;
Right Worthv.
Rw. , or Jiy. Railway.
8.
8. Sunday ; Sabbath ; Sat-
urday; Bervius; Sextus;
Signer ; Sahit ; Saxon ;
SiHphur.
8., or s. Sign ; South ; ShU-
liug; Sun; Scribe; Se-
gno ; Sou ; Solar ; Sopra-
no ; Second ; Section. —
(Semis.) Half.
8. A. South America;
South Africa.
Sab. Sabbath.
Sam. Samuel.
San*. Sanskrit.
S.A.S. {Soeietas Antigua-
riorum Socius.) Fellow
of the Society of Anti-
quaries.
Sat. Saturday.
Sb. {Stibium.) Antimony.
S. C. South Carolina ; Su-
preme Court.
Se. See SeU.
Sc.f or Mculp, {SculpeU.)
He, or She, engraved it.
8. eapSf or t. e. Small cap*
itals.
8. Dak.f or 8. D. South
Dakota.
Sch.^ or Schr. Schooner.
ScU.^ or Sc. {Scilicet.) To
wit; namely.
5rr., or *er. Scruple.
Script. Scripture.
Sculp. ^ or tculp. {Scutpeit.)
He, or Sbe« engraved it.
*. d. Sine die.
S. E. Southeast; South-
eastern {Postal District t
London).
Se. Selenium.
Sec. Secretanr.
Sec. , or sec. Second ; Sec-
tion ; Secant.
Sec. Leg. Secretary of
Liegation.
Sect.y or sect. Section.
sem. {Sei/ible.) It seems.
Sen. Senate ; Senator ;
Senior.
Sep. , or Sept. September ;
Septuagiut.
Seq., or seq. {Sequentes or
sequent ia.) The follow-
ing.
Serg., or Serj. Sergeant,
or Serjeant.
Serv.y or Servt. Servant.
s. g. Specific gravity.
S. O. Solicitor OeneraL
Sh., or sh. Shilling.
S. H. S. {Societntis Histo-
riir Socius.) Fellow of
the Historical Society.
Si. Silicium.
Sin. Sine.
Sintt.f or iinp, Bingulari
9) /• laMffif 9t J«fiMt
8. J. C. Supreme Judicial
Court.
8kr. Sanskrit.
S. L. SoUcitor at Law.
8. Lot, South Latitude.
Sid., or sld. SaUcd.
S.M. State Militia; Short
Meter; Sergeant BCajor;
Sons of Malta. — {Sa ma-
jesti.) His, or Her, Maj-
esty.
Sm. Samarium.
sm. e. Small caps.
8. M. E. {Sancta Mater
Eeelesia.) Holy Mother
Church.
8. M. I. {Sa Mujesti fm-
pSriale.) His, or Her,
Imperial Majesty.
8. N.., or s. n. {Secundum
Naturum.) According
to nature.
8n. {Stannum.) Tin.
8. O., or s. 0. Seller's op*
tion.
Soc. Society.
8. of T. Sons of Temper-
ance.
Sol. Solomon; Solution.
Sov. Sovereign.
s. p. {Sine prole.) With-
out iuue.
8p., or Span. Spanish.
Sp.gr. Spedflc gravity.
8. P. Q. R. {Senatu* Pop-
ulusque Romani.) Senate
and people of Rome.
Sq. See Siq.
Sq.f or sq. Square.
8q. ft., or sq. ft. Square
feet.
Sq. tn., or sq. in. Square
inches.
Sq. m., or sq. m. Square
miles.
Sr. Sir ; Senior ; Stron-
tium.
SS. ,OTss. {Scilicet. ) Namely.
— {Semis.) Half.
8. 8. Sunday School ; Saint
SimpUcius ; — the mark on
the collar of the Chief
Justice of England.
5. S. C. Solicitor before
the Supreme Courts (o/
Scotland).
SS. D. { Sanctissimtts
Dominus.) Most Holy
Lord ; — title of Pope.
8. S. E. South-southeast.
S. 8. W. South-southwest.
St. Saint; Street; Strait.
— {Stet.) Let it stand.
Stat. Statute ; SUtuary.
S. T. D. {Sacrm Theologim
Doctor.) Doctor of Divin-
ity.
ster., or stg. Sterling.
S. T. P. (SacrsR Theologim
Professor. ) Professor of
Theology.
Sufij., or subj. Subjunctive.
Subst. Substantive I Bub*
stitute.
Sujf, lufBz.
^Mfi.i or Mund, §an4$ft
8up. Superior ; Supple-
ment.
Sup. C. Superior Court.
Supp. Supplement.
Supi. Superinteddent.
Surg. Surgeon; Surgery.
8. V. {SanctUas Vestra.)
Tour Holiness. — {Sanda
Virgo.) Holy Virgin.
8. v., or s. V. {Sub voce,
or Sub verba.) Under the
word or title.
8. W. Southwest; South-
western {Postal District,
London) ; Senior War-
den.
Syn. , or syn. Synonym.
Syr. Syriac.
T.
T. Territory ; Tuesday ;
Titus; Tullius; Testa-
ment.
7*., or t. Tenor ; Town ;
Township ; Ton. — ( Tutti. )
AU together. — {Tem-
pore.) In time. — Tome;
Tranaitive.
Ta. Tantalum.
Tan., or ton. Tangent.
Tb. Terbium.
T. E, Topographical En-
gineer.
Te. Tellurium.
Ten., or Tenn. Tennessee.
Ter. Territory.
Tex. Texas.
Text. Rec. {Textus reeep-
tus.) Received text.
Th. Thursday; Thomas;
Thorium.
Theo. Theodore ; Theo*
dosia.
Theoph. Theophllus.
Thess. Thessalonians.
Tho., or Thos. Thomas.
Thurs. Thursday.
Ti. Titanium.
Tier., or tier. Tierce.
Tim. Timothy.
TU. Titus.
Tl. Thallium.
T. O. Turn over.
Tob. Tobit.
Tom. Tome, or Volume.
Topog. Topography; To-
pographicaL
tp. Township.
Tr. Translation ; Trans-
pose ; Treasurer ; Trus-
tee; Terbium.
Trb. {Tribttnus.) Tribune.
T. T. L. To take leave.
Tu. Thulium.
Tu., or T%tes. Tuesday.
Typ., or Typo. Typog-
rapher.
V> Uraalnm.
V, C, Upper Otnadi. —
{Vrb$vSniiHh)Th9 9i%;f
692 ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING.
WSome) being buUt
U.K. United Klocdom.
UU., or uU, ( Cltimo.)
LMtfOr Of the iMt mouth.
Univ, Uuivenity.
U. P. United Preebyte-
U.S. United States
U,8.A. United Butee of
Atuerioa; United SUOea
Army.
U. S. M. United Stetee
lUU ; United Stetee Ma-
rine.
U.S.M.A. United
Military AoMlemy.
U. 8. y. United States
Navy.
U.S.y.A. United States
Naral Academy.
U. S. P. United Statee
PliarmaeopoBia.
U. S. R. Uaber of the
Scarlet Bod.
U. 8. 8. United States
Sliip or Steamer.
U. 8. V, United States
Volunteers.
u. ». w. (O. und so weiUr.)
And so forth ; etc.
U. T. Utah Territory.
Ut. Utah.
ut diet, {ui dictum.) As
directed.
Ux. iUxar.) Wif^
V.
V. y iotoria ; Ylsooont ; Ta-
nadium. ~~ {Veneratnlis.)
Venerable.
V. , oV V. Verb ; Verse ; Voca-
tlre; Volume; Volt, or
\<At», — (,Vid€.) See.—
i Versus.) AgtiaaiL -^
Vector.
V. a., or V. a. Verb aetlTe.
V.A. Vioar Apostolic.
Va. Virginia.
var. led. {varia lectio.)
Different reading.
Vat. Vatican.
vb. n. Verbal noun.
V. C. Vice ChanoeUor;
Victoria Cross.
V. D. L. Van Diemen*8
V.D.M. (VerHDeiMiH^
ister.) Milliliter of the
Word of God.
Ven. Venerable.
V.O. Vicar General ;Vioe
Grand.
V. Q., or V. g. {Verbi
gratis.) For example.
V. i. Verb intransitive.
Vice Pre*. Vice President.
FW.,orrid. (Vide.) See.
Vis.f or Vise. Viscount.
Vitr. VltruTius.
VU., or viz. {VUMicet.)
Namely; To wit. See
A'ote tmder Oz.
V. n.\ or V. n. Verb neuter.
Voe.^ or roc. Vocatire.
Vol.. or vol. Volume.
V.P. Vice President.
V. R. (Victona Regina.)
Queen Victoria.
V. r. Verb reflexive.
V. Rev. yvry Reverend.
K. R. P. {Vesira Rever-
endissima Patemitas. )
Your Very Reverend Pa-
ternity.
V. 8, Veterinary Surgeon.
Vs.f or r*. (Versus.)
Against, or In opposition.
r. t., or V. t. Verb transi-
tive.
Vt. Vermont.
Vul. Vulgate.
w. II. (Varix lectioncs.)
Various readings.
W.
W. WUUam; Wedneedi^;
Welsh ; Western {PosUU
District, London); WU-
liam. — (Wolframium.)
Tungsten.
W., or IT. Week ; Warden ;
Watt, or WatU; Wife.
W, A. West Australia;
West Africa.
Wash. Washingtoa.
W. C. Western Central
(Postal JHstriet, Lon-
don).
W. C. T. U. Women's
Christian Temperance
Union.
Wed. Wedneeday.
tc/., or ttf. /. Wrong font.
W. G. C. Worthy Grand
ChaphOn.
W. Q. M. Worthy Grand
Master.
W^f.,orvhf. Wharf.
W. I. West India; West
Indies.
Wu. Wisconsin.
Wk.,oxwk. Week.
W.Lon. WMt Longitude.
W.M. WorshipfulMaster.
Wm. William.
W.y.W. West-northwest
Wp. Worship.
W. R. William (R^x)
King; West Riding.
W.8. Writer to the Signet.
W. 8. W. West-southwest
IT/., or tct. Weight
ir. Va. West Vlrgiiiia.
Ify., or Wyo. Wyoming.
X. (Or. Xft^m.) Christ
xep. See ex. cp.
Xm.. or Xmus. Christmas.
Xper., or Xr. Chilalo-
nher.
Xl Christ
Y. Tttriom*
r.,ory. Yard.
r.,oryr. Year.
Y.B.^wYr.S. Yearbook.
Yb. Ytterbium.
Yd., or yd. Yard.
y«, ory*. The.
l7*8eeY*tntheDio.
tionary.
ym, oryM>. Them.
Y.M.C.A, YoangMen*s
Christian Assooiadon.
Y.M.C.U, Young Men*t
Christian Union.
Y*, ory«. Then.
Y, P. 8. C. B. Yom^
People's Booiety of Chris-
tian Endeavor.
Y*-, ory. Their.
Yr. Your; Year.
Yrs. Yours; Years.
r*, ory». Thifc
r«, ory«. That
Y. W. C. A, Yoong Woa-
en*s Christiaa Aasooi-
Z., or Zr.
Zach. Zacbary.
Zeoh. Zeehariah.
Zeph. Zephantah.
Z.O. ZoMogical OaidM.
Zn. • Zinc.
Zodl. Zoology.
Zr, Zirconium.
A CONCISE ACCOUNT
OF THE CHIEF DEITIES, HEROES, ETC.,
IN THE GREEK AND ROMAN MYTHOLOGY.
NoTt. — Most of the Roman or lUlic deities became sooner or later identified with Greek deities, to that the Roman
and Greek name* became interchanged. The larger port of the myths related of the goda by the later Roman poeU
are dexired from the Greek mythology.
Ab'A-fte (U/A^rTs). A Scythian
prleat of Apollo, said to haTe
ridden through the air on an arrow.
A-OMlM (A^tSs). A Ung of
Sicily, who entertained iBneas and
Anohisea.
A-«lUi'Wl(A-k8'&s). SonofXuthus,
and ancestor of the Aohsans.
A-ohft'tW (A^kitSs). A tnisty (L.
fldut) coinptnion of .fineas.
Aak'»«MI (tt'«-r5n). The bitter
river of the infernal regions, orer
which Charon ferried the souls of
the dead.
A-ohflOM (A^knnSi). The hero of
Homer's Iliad, and leader of the
Myrmidons. Ha slew Hector of
Troy in battle, and was (according
to a later tradition) hinuelf sUin
l^ Paris by a wound in the heel, his
only Tulnerable part. He waa the
aon of Pelens and Thetis.
Aol4aai« (lyT-dalT.*). A sur-
name of Aphrodite (Venus).
A'olfl (i'sTs). A SicUian shepherd,
aon of Faunas, killed by Polypbe-
I he waa belored by
Ao-Ul'oa (ik-t«nin). A celebrated
Greek hunter, who. baring seen
Artemis (Diana) bathing, was
changed into a stag and hunted
down by his own hounds. Aocord-
ii^ to another myth he angered the
goddesa by boaiting that he ex-
celled her in hunting.
A^O'BlS (A-dynTs). A Cyprian
Touth famed for bin beauty and
beloved by Venus (Aphrodite), but
torn in pieces by a wild boar.
kf^nattOM (AKirAytOs). A king of
Argoa, father-in-law of Polynicea.
He commanded the forces in the
war of the Seven against Thebes.
JIKt-OlU (S'A-klU). Son of Zeus and
Aj<in», who became after death
one of the Judges in Hades.
JB-rti^(^-KS'&^)- Kiiiff of Athens;
father of ThOMus ; fabled to have
drowned himself in the iBgean sea.
JB-gV'rl-*. See EoaaiA.
JB-glfUnui (fe-jTs^thOs). The se-
ducer of Clyt«mneatra, killed I7
Orestes.
A'ffl* (S'glt). 1. One of the Hea-
peHdes. 2. The fairest of the
BjnrP'MS (t-JTp'tib). A king of
Egypt, whose fifty sons, except
Lvnoeos, were slain on tlieir wed-
ding night by thair brides, the
• sofDj
daughters
JB-nras (t-\\V<u). A valiant Trojan
warrior (son of Aphrodite (Venus)
and Anohiaes), oLatinguished for
his pious care of his father at the
capture of Troy. His adventures
form the subject of Virgil's JBneid.
JB'O-lm (S^-Itts). The god or ruler
of the winds ; the son of Hippotaa,
and ruler of the A >Han islanda.
JBj'OH-U'bA-IUI (Sf'kfi.li'pT-IU), or
A^^to^jjiHW (ii-kli'pT.as). Son
of Apollo, and god of medicine.
For raising the dead he waa alain
by Zeus, and afterwards worshiped
aaagod.
JB'Uloa (rthSn). One of the horses
to the chariot of Phosbus, or Pallas,
or Aurora, etc.
AffA-mMII'llon (Ig'ApmSm'nQn).
Brother of Menelaus, and com-
mander of the GrecUn forces
against Troy. He was murdered
by his faithlew wife Clvtnmnestra.
Af'A-]llp'M(Ig^A-nTp'p«). A nymph
of a well or spring of the same
name at the foot of Mount Helicon,
sacred to the Musea.
A'JlS (i'JXks). 1. A son of TeUmon,
and the strongest and greatest in
stature of the Greeks in the Trolan
war. 2. Son of OVleus, and king
of the Locri. He was the swiftent
of the Greeks in the Trojan war,
except Achillea.
Al-oas'tlt (iI-s65'tTa). Wife of Ad-
metus, whose life she preserved by
dying in his stead. She was brought
bif^k from Hides by Hercules.
Al-€l'dM (Sl-siMSz). 1, A name of
Amphitryon, son of Aloaeus. 2. A
name esp. of Herouloa, whoaa atep-
father waa Amphitryon.
Al-0in'0-lUl (U-sTn^Os). The king
of Phsada who entertained Ulysaes
when shipwrecked.
AlO-OM'M (Uk-mTnt). Wife of
Amphitryon, and mother of Her-
cules by Zens.
Al-oTO-M (U-si'ft.nt), or Htl-OTO-
■• (hU-). A daughter of JSoiua,
who drowned herself in grief for
the loss of her husband, and waa
turned Into a kingfisher.
A-lMtO (A-lOc^). A Fury.
Al-l^ht'lUl (ta-f6'tts). See ABsrausA.
Am'moil (im'mOn). The Egyptian
deity whose chief seat of worship
was Tbebea. By the Greeks and
Romans he waa called Zeus, or Ju-
piter, Ammon. He was sometimes
represented in the form of a ram.
Aan-pld'Qa (im-frSn). Son of Zeus
and Antlope, whoae skill in music
was such that, at the sound of hia
lyre, atones came together and
fcmned the walls of Thebes.
An^lOll-tllte (Sm'fT-tri'tt). Wife
of Poseidon, uid mother of Triton.
Aan-^lllt^-OII (im-fTfrT-Sn). Son
of Alcttua (son of Perseus). To
win the hand of Alomene he
avenged the death of her brothera
on the Taphians.
All-oa'M (in-eS'lis). A Ung of the
Samians. who, learingaoupof wine
untasted to pursue a boar mr which
he was killed, gave rise to the prov-
erb, "There's manv a slip *twixt
the cup and the lip."
All-«lil'SM (Xn-kKsSs). lather of
iBneas.
An-firom'A-blM (Xn-drSm'A-kf).
Wife of Hector, distinguished for
her domestic virtues.
All-droill'»4ft (In-drOm't-dA).
Daughter of the Ethiopian king
Cepheus and Cassiopeia. She was
exposed to a sea monster, but waa
rescued and married by Perseus.
harUb^Vm (Xo-tCfis). A monarch nf
Libya, of gigantic sise and strength.
ft, S, 1, 9, a, long ; A, «, 1, 5, a, f, short : senUte, Avent. tdea, 6bey, ^nite, oAre, lirm, 4sk, |^ final,
fdm, recent, Orb, rude, f^, Am, fdbd, ftfbt, oat, oil, ohalr, go, ains, i||k, then, Uiin.
6REEK AND ROMAN DeITIES, HEROES, ETC.
and inTincible so long at be re-
malued in contact with bis raotber
Earth (Om). He was slain by
Herculea, who held him in hia anu«.
In-tlS'O-BtCin-tTg^nl). Daughter
of OSdipiwandJocatta; famous for
filial piety.
I (A-nS'bTs). The Egyptian
god of funeral rites, and the escort
of souls to the inferior world, cou>
founded by the Greeks with Her-
mes. He was represented as a
jackal, a dog, or a man with a
jackal^s head.
AphlO^'todf^rft-dl'tt). The Greek
goddess of love and wedlock, who
(according to one myth) rose from
the foam of the sea at Cyprus ; —
identified with Venus.
A'VtM iVpU). The buU of Memphis,
worshiped by the Egyptums.
A-MlOo (A-pNMft). A deity of the
Greeks and Romans, worshiped as
the son-god. He was also god of
medicine, diTination, archery, and
poetry, and leader of the Muses.
A-nM)hlM (A-rSk'nl). A Lydian
maiden, who was changed into a
spider for presumhsg to challenge
Athene to a trial of skill in weaving.
MTtm (a'rSx). The Greek god of
bloody war, son of Zeus ana Hera,
delighting in the tumult and- hor-
rors of battle. He was fierce and
ntic, but handsome, and was
oved by Aphrodite. The Ro-
mans identified him with Mars.
Ar*-tllll'M (Ir't-tbu'si). A beau-
tiful Nereid who changed into a
fountain on the island of Ortvgia
when pursued by the river-god Al-
pheus, who, in the form of the river
Alpbeus, was fabled to have pur-
sued her thither under the sea and
there mingled with her waters.
Ar'C0-lMI1lt8(itr'gt-nftU). Compan-
ions of Jason, who went to Colchis,
in the ship Argo, to fetch the golden
fleece.
Aliens (ttr'gfis). A mythical person
with a hundred eyeB^ set by Hera to
watch lo. He was killed by Hermes,
whereupon Hera placed bis eyes in
the tail of a peacock.
A'rt-ad'ne (S'rT-«d'n*). Daughter of
Minos, king of Crete, who loved
Theseus, and gave him a clew of
thread which guided him out of the
labyrinth of Crete.
A-rlfOB ( &-ri'5n ). A famous musician
and lyric poet of Methyrona (about
625 B. c), in Lesbos, fabled to have
been rescued from drowning by a
dolphin charmed with his music.
Arls-UI'IIB (ir^Ta-tS'ns). A son of
ApoUo and Cyrene ; the protector
of flocks and herds, and of vine
and olive plantations. He taught
men the management of bees.
Ar^tO-mls (ar'tt-mTs). Tlie Greek
rirgin goddess of light, daughter
of Zeus and Leto, who punished
evil with her keen arrows and with
deadly sickness, and also protected
mortals from pestilence and dan-
ger. The Romans identified her
with Diana.
As-Oal'A-plMll(is-kil'A.ftts). A son
of Acheron, who, having revealed
thi^ Proserpine bad eaten part of
a pomegranate in the kingdom
of Pluto, was turned into an owl.
AB-ca'nl-IIS (is-kS'nT-fls). The son
of £neas and Creusa, and founder
of the city of Alba in Italy.
AB-tm'A (is-trS'i). The goddess of
justice. She was the last god to
dwell on earth, but left the earth on
the termination of the Golden Age.
Ara-lAB'U (It^A-linOi). In Area-
dian myth, a daughter of Zeus and
Clemene, who became a swift hun-
tress and took part in the Calydo-
nian boar hunt, being the first to
strike the boar. She married Mei-
lanion. In Boeotian myth, a beau-
tiful swift-footed maiden who would
marry only the one who should out-
run bisr in a race. See HiTFOimfBs.
Aft& (S'td). The goddess believed to
incite revenge uid to stir up mis-
chief.
A-tlM'IM(A-thS'nl). The Greek god-
dess of wisdom, science, and just
war, and tutelary deity of Athens.
The Roman Minerva became iden-
tified with Athene.
Atlas (Stias). A Titan, who fought
against Zeus, and was condemned
to support the world. Later myths
make Atlas a man who was meta-
morphosed into a mountain sup-
porting the vault of heaven.
Arro-MS (Sf r6-pOe). Tlie one of
the Farc» whose duty it was to cut
the thread of life.
AVf^as (ft'i<-<»)- Mythical king
of Elis. Hercules, for the fifth to-
bor, in one day cleansed his stables
of the accumulated filth of thirty
years by turning a river through
themr
An-ro^ (H-r5'rA). The Latin god-
dees of moruhig. She became
identified with the Greek Eos.
Ba»4diaatM (bSk-kinOSs). Priest-
esses of Bacchus.
Bao'ollilB (bftklcQs). A name of
Dionysus, god of wine.
Btl-lar'O-pllMI (b61-l«r^-fSn), or
HUhPOn'O-ns (hTp-pOo'^-fis). Son
ofGlaucus. Being falsely accused
by the wife of Proetus, king of the
Argives, he was sent with a sealed
letter from Prcetus to bis father-
in-law, commanding him to put the
bearer to death. Bellerophon was
then sent on three perilous mis-
sions, one being to slay the Chi-
uuera, which he did.
Bel-lo'llA (bSl-IS'ui). The Roman
goddess of war, and sister of Mars.
Beans (bSnOs). A mythical king of
Phcenicia, son of Poseidon, and
brother of Agenor.
Bore-nl'OO (ber^^-ni'st). Sister and
wife of Ptolemv Euergetes. Her
beautiful hair, which she had sacri-
ficed to the gods, was fabled to
bare been transformed into tba
constellation Coma Berenices.
BO'UI DS'A (b9^4 dS'A). A Roman
goddess of f ruitf ulneaa, worshiped
only by women.
Bo^n-tm (bO'rt-as). Tbe personifi-
cation of the north wind.
Bti-tL'n-vm (brt-i^rt-Os), or BA'ti-
mUM (bri^-rus). A fabulous giant,
son of Uranus and GaM^ vnth a
hundred hands and fifty heads.
Bll-Mlfl (brt-sSnrs). A beautiful
slave over whom Achilles and Aga-
memnon quarreled.
Bronlea (brSn'tSs). A Cyclops who
forged tbe thunderbolts of 2Seus.
Bn-srai (btt-si'rTs). A mythical
king of Egypt, who sacrificed all
foreigners that visited Egjrpt. He
was slain by Herculea.
Wt/UM (bTbais). The daughter of
Miletus, who wept hersek into a
fountain for love of her brother
Caonus.
Oa-bM (ki-biM). Mystic deities
ancientiy worshiped In Samotbrace,
Greece, and other countries.
Oa'OW (kiOcOs). A noted giant and
robber, slain by Hercules for steal-
ing from him the oxen of Geryon.
OmAnanm (kid'mlls). Son of tbe
Pbenicbui king Agenor ; tbe raytb-
ioal inventor of alphabetic writing,
and founder of Thebes in Boeotia.
Oal'ehasCkll'kas). A famous sooth-
sayer of the Greeks before Troy.
Oal-U'0-p« (kll-li'6-p«). Mother of
Orpheus, and chief of the Muses,
— presiding over epic poetnr.
Oal-llil'tO (kil-lTs'tft). Daughter of
Lyoaon, attendant of Artemis, be-
loved by Zeus, who changed her
into a bear to conceal her from tbe
jealous Hera. She was dain by
Artemis in tbe chase, and became
the constellation Arctos.
Oal/w^^ni.an huir(kiyT-d5'nT-an
bOut^ ). A famous bunt, of Grecian
mythologv, to slay a wild boar sent
by Artemis to ravace the territory
of OSneus, king of Calydon.
Oa-lTp'M (kA-lTp'sd). Anympbwbo
reigned in tbe island of Ogygta,
where she entertained Ulysses.
Oa-mUOaCkA-mnOA). A swift-footed
Italian virgin who fought and was
slain in tbe war with JBneas.
Oa-pa'iia-iiB (k4-£i'u«-5s), or Oap'a-
tt&QM (kXp'i-nus). One of seven
heroes who led an expedition from
Argosagainct Thebes. He was slain
with lightning by Zeus.
Oas-san'dia (kls-sXoMri). A daugh-
ter of Priain and Hecuba, whose
proirfiecies the Trojans disbelieved.
Oaa-UOi-a ( kls-tsnt-i ). a cele-
brated fountain at tbe base of
Mount Parnassus, sacred to ApoUo
and the Muses.
Oas'tor (kSsOfir). Son of Zeus or
Tyndareus and Leda, twin brother
of Pollux ; noted for bis skill in
managing horses.
Oa'oropa (sSOu-Sps). The founder
il, 2, 1, 5, a, long ; a, «, I, 5, a, I*, short ; senftte, £ vent, tdea, 6bey, Ignite, c4re, ttrm, Aak, f^ll, final.
GREEK AND ROMAN DEITIES, HEROES, ETC.
■nd first king of Athens, said to
have instituted marriage and in-
structed the Athenians in agricul-
ture, navigation, religion, etc.
Oaatanrs (aSn't^rxV a fabulous
Tbessalian race, liaif nun and half
horse.
Oe'^to-iii (sS'f^-tis), or Oe'plieiiB
(sS'fu^^. A king of Ethiopia, fa-
ther of Andromeda.
Ovr'be-nui (aSr'b^rtts). The three-
headed dog of Pluto, which guarded
the gate of Hadea against any who
should attempt to go out.
Oa'Tas (sS'riz). The old Italic god-
dess of grain, fruits, and agricul-
ture, sister of Jupiter. She earlv
became identified with the Greek
Demeter, as the mother of Proser-
pine or Persephone, etc.
OttA'roil (k£'r5n). The son of Erebus
and Nyx, who ferried the souls of
the dead over tlie rivers Acheron
Kod Styx to Hades.
OhA-nrb'dlS (kA-riydTs). A vora-
ciou4 daughter of Poseidon, fabled
to have been hurled by a thunder-
bolt of Zeus into tlie sea on the
coast of Sicily, where she drew in
the waters of tlie sea, and spewed
them out afain.
Ohl-ma'rA CK^-^S^ri)* A fabulous
monster in Lycia, which vomited
fire, and was slain by Bsllerophon.
Olury-SOns (krt-aS^j). A daughter
of Chryses, a Trojan priest of Apol-
lo, captured by the Greelcs, and
given to Agamemnon. Apollo sent
% pestilence upon the Grecian hosts,
till she was restored to her fatlier.
Oll'Of (sSr'st). A seo-nymph and
sorceress, who, by means of an
enchanted cup, turned men into
animals. Ulysses tarried a year
with her on his return from Troy.
011^0 (kU'd). Muse of history ; — rep-
resented with a half-opened rolL
OlO'ft-Ol'llA (klS'A-si'ni). A Roman
goddess, who presided over the
sewers ; — sometimes called Venus
Cloacina.
Olo'tllO (kiythft). Toungest of the
Fates. She spins the thread of life.
Olyt'Wlll-lias'trm Kkllt'8m.nft/tr&).
Olyt'^III-nSS'tra S The faithless
wife of Agamemnon, whom she,
with her paramour .^gisthus, mur-
dered on his return from Troy, for
which they were killed by Orestes.
00-oyt1IS (kft-si'tOs). A river of
Hades, a tributary of Acheron.
OOilllB (tiSn&d). One of the earlier
Roman deities, the father of Saturn.
WmOM (kym&i). A god of festivals
and merriment.
Qt^m, (krS^n). A king of Thebes,
whose daughter, Jocasta, (Edipus
married.
ani'lU(kr8'B&s). AkinffofLydia,
celel>rated for iiis great riches.
Oron'M (krSn'Ss), or OrOll'118 (-lis).
One of the Titans, son of Uranus
and GflBA, husband of his sister
Rhea, and father of Zens, Poseidon,
Hades, Hestia, and Hera.
On'pll (kiPpTd). The Roman god
of love, sou of Mars and Venus. Cf.
Eros.
OyVo-le (sTVt-l*). The wife of
Cronos (Saturn), and mother of the
Olympian gods. Her festival was
celebrated with wild orgies. She
is sometimes confounded with Hera.
Oy'filops (si'klSps), ting. &pl. : Lot,
/>/. CT-CLo'paB (si-klS'pSs). Sarage
one-eyed giants represented in Ho-
meric myth as Sicilian shepherds.
According to later tradition they
were the assistants of Hephnstus.
See PoLTPHEMXTs and Bbontis.
Oyn'tlll-A (Bln'thT-4}. A surname of
Artemis or Diana, from Mount Gyn-
thus, in Delos, where she was bom.
OyJltlll-llB (sTn'thT-tis). A surname
of Apollo.
Oyp'a-rtl^lU ( sTp'A-rTs'sfis ). A
vouth iMloved by Apollo. Having
by accident slain a favorite stag, he
was changed, through grief, into a
cypress.
Dad'a-lns (dSd'A-llis). A famous
mythical Athenian artificer, and the
builder of the Cretan labyrinth. He
and his son, Icarus, having been
confined therein,flewaway on wings
mide by Djedalus. See Icarus.
Dft'mOB (di'mSn). A Pythagorean
of Syracuse, celebrated for his
friendship for Pythias, or Phintias.
Ihm'a-e (dSn'i-l). Daughter of
Acrisins, and mother of Perseus by
Zeus, who visited her, when shut
up in a tower by her father, in the
form of a shower of g(dd.
Dan-al-dM ( dSn-ST-dSi ). The
mytliical fifty daughters of Danaus,
all of whom, except Hypermnestra,
slew ttieir husbands, the sons of
^gyptus, on their wedding night.
They were condemned in Hades to
forever pour water into sieves.
Dapll'B* (dXf'nt). A nymph be-
loved by Apollo, but who chose
rather to be changed into a laurel
than yield to his solicitations.
Dar'da-nai (dXr^di-nfis). Son of
Zeus and Electra, and mythical
founder of the city of Troy.
De-U'a-mPaCd^-Td/A-ml'i). Daugh-
ter of Lycomedes, and mother of
Neoptolemus by Achilles.
De-i'a-Bl^ (d«-FA-m'r&), or DeJ'a-
nl'ra (dej'A-ni'ri). The wife of
Hercules, who sent to her husband
a shirt steeped in the poisoned
blood of the centaur Nessus. In his
agony he burnt himself on Mount
(Eta, and Deianira hung herself for
grief. See Nbssus.
DeOl-a (dsni-A), DeOi-ns (dsnT-tis).
Namesof Artemis (Diana) and Apol-
lo, from Delos, their birthplace.
Del'plll (dSl'ft). A town of Phocis
at the base of Mount Parnassus,
where was a celebrated oracle of
Apollo.
De-me^er (dt-mS'tSr). A Greek
goddess, daughter of Cronos and
Rhea, and the mother of Per-
sephone by Zens. The Roman
Ceres became identified witli lier.
Dea-«a11-0ll (att-kS'IT-9u). Son of
Prometheus ; with his wife Pyrrlia,
preserved in a wooden chest from
a flood which drowned the rest of
mankind. Landing on Mount Par-
nassus, they repeopled the country
by throwing stones behind them,
which became men and women.
m-aB'A (dt-C'nA or dt-«n'*). An
ancient Italic goddess, regarded as
the virgin moon-goddess, the pn>-
tector of virgin!^, and of women
in childbirth. She became identi-
fled with the Greek Artemis.
DFdO (<fi'd6). A surname of the
PiKsnician moon-goddess, Aatarte,
who was worshiped as the pro-
tectress erf Carthage. Later, the
name was given to the T^rian Elis-
sa, the mythical foundress and
queen of Carthage, who (as related
hy VirgU) kiUed herself becauae
.Sneas slighted her.
Dl'0-llMd (di'ft-m8d), or WfWBOl^tm
(-mS'dSz). 1. A mythical king of
Thrace, whose horses fed on human
ilesh. 2. A famous Grecian hero,
who assisted Ulysses to carry off
the Palladium from Troy.
Dl-Ollt (dt-O'nt). A sea-nymph, and
mother (according to one myth) of
Aphrodite.
Dl'0-n7'lU(d!'ft-ni'sfU). TheGreak
god of wine, son of Zeus and Semele.
Hewas prematuraly bom bySemele.
who at her own request (prompted
by the Jealous Hera) was visited by
&ns in thunder and lightning, and
consnmsd. He was brought up by
Ino, and spent manyyeara wander-
ing about the earth, and introduced
the cultivation of the vine. He
was also called Bacchua, originally
a surname.
DIr'OO (dSr'st). Wife of Lycus (king
of Thebes). She was dragged to
death by a bull.
DlS-00r'd-a(dTs-kdKdT-4). The god-
dess of discord, banished from
heaven for exciting diasenaions
among the gods.
Dry'adi. See Hamadrtadr.
Boh'O (8k^). A nvmph who feU in
love with Narcissus, bat being
slighted by him, pined away nntU
nothing was left but her voice.
B-ge^-A(l-j8^T.4}. A nymph fabled
to have taught Numa in religion,
and bestowed her love upon him.
B-le(/tim (»-]8k'tr4). 1. One of the
Pleiades, and mother of Dardanus
by Zeus. 2. A daughter of Agamem-
non and Clytemnestra, and sister
of Orestes.
B-lysl-lim(«-lTzhT-fim). Theblisa-
f ul abode of the souls of good men,
and of heroes exempt from death.
Bn-0«l'a-dlUI (6n-8«'i-das). One of
the hundred - armed giants who
made war upon the gods. Accord-
ing to nne myth, Zeus buried him
under Mount Etna.
fflm, recent, 6rb, r^de, f ^11, Urn, ftfbd, ftfbt, oi(t, oil, <sliRir, ^o^ aiii|E, iQk, thep, t||Ii),
GREEK AND ROMAN DEITIES. HEROES, ETC.
I Gfai^Tm^.9n). A beau-
tiful jNmth, whom Beiene (the
moon) Idmad m he Uy In ettnud
deep on Mount Latmoe, in CarU.
B^ (i^). Hm Oreek goddem of
the morninff. wife of Tithonut, irith
whom abe lived at the end of the
earth on the banka of the Oceanus ;
-^ ideoUfied with Aurora.
B-pt'W (t-pi'Sa). Son of Panopeua,
and fabricator of the wooden horae,
bv nieana of which Trov waa taken.
B^Sm-tltm (Sf'T-Il'tSs). A giant,
aoo of Poeeldon, who, with his
brother Otua, waged war upon the
Olympian goda ; — killed by Apollo.
Br^MO (Ir'i-tt). The Muae of lyric
and amatory poetry.
BK«-tal(Sr44riU). 1. An infernal
deity, aon of Ohaoa, and brother of
Hyz. 8. A dark and gloomy oavem
tluough which the ahadea pan ou
their way from Earth to Hades.
IMnhKn (ft-rTn'nTB) ; pi. Eannma
r-nT.«s). Either of the Greek god-
deaiea who were the aTengera of
wkkedneaa ; — repreaented with
anakea and lighted torches. The
Romans called them Furtse or Dirae.
WOmiWrU). The Oreek goddeoa of
discord, sister of Area.
B^nB (S^6s). The Oreek god of love
and devoted friendahip ; ~ identi-
fied by the Romans with Oupld.
Bb4mb1<4m (t-mfonr^fts). [ut.,
gradona ones.] A euphemistic
name of the Furiea, whose true
name of Brinnyes waa ill-omened.
Bll-pbnNI^-lM(0-frSB^.nt). One of
the three Oraces.
BMO^(ft-rypA). Daughter of the
Pheiucian king Agenor, or of Phaft>
nlz ; mother of lUnos, Rhadaman-
thus and Barpedon by Zeus, who, as
a white bull, carried her into Crete.
Bn-nr'a-le (tt-ri'4-lt). L Daughter
of Minos, and mother of Orion.
3. BeeOoMOir.
Ba-ry'a-lui (-IQs). A Trojan, famed
for his friendship for Nisus.
Bll-rydl-M(«-rTdnr.a). Wife of Or-
pheus, who, on her death, by the
charm of his music, persuaded
Pluto to allow her to return with
him to the upper world, tlie condi-
tion being imnoeed that be should
not look back at her until they
reached the light. Orpheus looked
around and sm waa caught buck.
Ba-mi'0-aM(tt-rTn^-mt). Daughter
of Oceanus ; mother of the Oraces.
Ba-ryitlM-iu (tt-rTs'Utt-fis), or En-
nratlMIUi (-thus). AkhigofMy-
cen», for whom Hercules per-
formed his twelve labors.
Ba-tofpt (tt-tSr^). Muse of Joy ;
patroness of flute-players.
FatM (fits). Goddesses who pre-
sided over human deetiny ; Paron ;
MoBne.
Fanlmt (f n^fis). A mythical king
of Latium, worshiped, after death,
as the god of agriculture and of
shepherds, and identified with Pan.
In the poets, Faunus becomes one
of many wood deities represented
with the legs of a goat ; and theM
were identified with the Satyra.
Fa-ro^-a (ft-HKnT-A). An Italian
deity, the patroness of freedmen,
and (later) the goddess of flowers.
nyn(fi^xk). The goddess of flow-
ers and sprmg.
For-tll'lia (ffir-tn'ni). The goddess
of ffood luck, usually repreeented
holding a rudder in one band and
the horn ofplenty in the other.
Falrlui (iGrTa). Bee Eunnrs.
Oii'a (jS'A), Oai'a (rI'*)* or Q^ (j«).
A Greek goddess, daugliter of Cha-
os, who of herself begat Uranua. He
became her husband, and to him
she bore the Titans. She assisted
Cronos to slay Uranua.
Oal'a-tM'a (gU^A-tS'i). A sea-
nymph. Bister of Thetis, passion-
ately loved by Polyphemus.
OaB'y-ma'da (gVn'T-mS'dt ; Eng.
proH. gan^-n.Sd), Lot. Qmml'J'
IM'd«a (-dSz). The son of Tros.
Be<»use he waa " the roost beautiful
of mortal men ** he waa nanied off
by Zeus, or the eagle of Zeus, to be-
come cup-bearer to the god, In place
of Hebe.
Ot^'-«D(WrT-9n). A three-headed,
three-bodied giant, king of the
island of Erythea, on the coact of
Bpain, whose herd of cattle Her-
cules carried off to Greece, after he
had killed Geryon.
Oor'dl-lia (gfir^dT-fis). A peasant
who, by direction of an oracle, was
proclaimed king of Phrygia by cer-
tain messengers who met him ridins
in a wagon. The oracle declared
that whoever should succeed in un-
tng the knot (Oordisn knot) by
lich the yoke was tied to the
tongue of the wagon should be mas-
ter of all Asia. Alexander the
Great, hi 333 b. c, being unable to
untie it, cut it with his iword.
Oor'gOB (gdr'gOn). A daughter
(Medusa) of Phorcya snd Ceto, hav-
ing serpents instead of hair. Her
aspect was so frightful that mortals
who gaxed upon her face were
turned to stone. She was beheaded
by Perseus. She had two like sis-
tera, Euryale snd Stheno, also
sometimes called Gorgons.
Ora'OM (gra'sSs). The female per-
sonifloations of beauty and grace.
According to Hesiod they are three
in number, Euphrosyne, Aglaia,
and Thalia, the virgin daughters of
Zeus and Eurynome.
Oy'fca (ji'JSz). 1. An ofiScer of
Candaulea, king of Lydia, who, hav-
inff pnwiUingly seen the queen dis-
robe, was compelled to kill the king
or be put to death himself. He
murdered the king and beoime
king of Lydia about 716 b. c. Ac-
cording to a tradition he came into
possession of the throne by means
of an enchanted ring with which be
tying t
whidi
could make himself invMbk. S.A
giant with a hundred i
Ha'daa (hVdis). 1. in Greek my-
thology, a son of Croooa and Rhea.
He abared the oniveraa wMi Zeoa
and Poseidon, receiving the amplre
of the lower world, with the sover-
eignty of the dead. He became
idendfied with the Roman Pluto.
8. The ** house of HadM;** the
place of departed qririta, compre-
hending, according to a common
myth, both Elysium and Taitama.
Ham'a-dry'ada (himfik-dri^ids), or
Dry'ada (drildt). In Greek my-
thology, the nympiia who came into
etistenoe and died with particular
treea. They lived in the dei^ for-
ests, whence their name Oreade* .
Har'Mia (hiir'pTs). L. MU'Vrim
(hiEr-piT-t). In Greek mytholCKy*
the oaughtera of Tbaumaa; the
demona of the storm, and hence of
death. In early art tb^y appear In
human form wiU> wings; lalerthey
have the body, l^rs, and olawa <rf
a bird with the bead, ama, and
breaata of a woman.
Har-poo/ta-tca (Lir.pBk'ri48i>. An
Egyptian divinity worshiped in
Greece and Rome aa the god of si-
lence, but regarded by toe Egyp-
tiana aa symbolisfaig tike weak win.
ter sun, — represented aa a child
with hia flnger on hia nooth.
BtlW(LS^t). The goddeaa of youth,
and cup-bearer to the Olympian
goda until sunerseded bwOanymade,
under which name abe waa also
known and worahiped.
Hao^-ta (hSk'A-tl). Ona of the
Titana, a moon-goddeaa of the
Greeka, presiding over roads,doors,
and gatea. Bhe la the most pow-
erful goddeaa, and confera ridtea,
power, and honor upon men. Bhe
la Ui0 goddess of marriage, and can
cure madness, and preaidea over
rites of msgio and exordsoi. Bhe
was often confounded with Artends
and Persepbcme.
Haotor (-tir). Boo of Priam and
Hecuba, and bravest of the Troisn^
slain by Achillea, who dragged hia
body thrice round the walla of Troy.
Heo^-ba (hSc'tt-U). The wife of
Priam. After the f aU of Troy she
became the slave ct Ulysses. Bhe
killed the two children of Poly-
roestor, and put out his eyes ; and
was then turned into a dog. which
rpraiig into the sea and perished.
Hal'a^ia (bU^-ui), Eng. Hal'ta.
Daughter of Tyndams and Leda
(or, according to other traditlona,
Zeus and Leda), and wife of Mene-
Isns ; the most beautiful woman in
all Greece. By running away with
Paris, she occasioned the Trojan
war. After the fall of ^«y she r*-
tiinx^ with Menelaus to Greece.
Hel'e-BU (hn't-nOs). The aon of
Priam, s|»red by the Greeks on
account of his skill in divination.
ft, 8, 1, 5, a, long ; ii, «, I, ft, 0, 5% short ; senftte, «vent, tdea, ftbey , finite, cAre, Mm, ^Uk, ^11, fln^
GREEK AND ROMAN DEITIES, HEROES, ETC.
697
of BodotU, nend to Apollo and the
BaOiSl (hsai^to), or Ibll^ (W-
U'tts). The ohariotoer of the sun,
•ad Ibo god of Ught, of life, and
growth in the Tegetable world, and
Iha originator of the noMons He
became identified with ApoUo.
HrtO* (hSl'lt). Daughter of Atha-
mus and Nephele. She fled from
her atepmother Ino, and waa
drowned in the Dardanelles, thence
called the Helleapont.
E^Vimt^tUM (hTfb^fiaX The
Greek god of fire and lightning.
He was the smith of ttie goda, and
one mvth located his workshop
under Mount Stna, where he was
assisted by the Oyolope. He wms
(according to Homer) son of Zeus
and Hera, and was identified by
the Romans with Vulcan.
Hl^n, (hS^r*). A Greek goddess,
daughter of Cronos and Rhea.
Bbe was wife of Zeus, and queen
of heaven, and was the goddess of
women, marriage, and childbirth.
WVQrlm (hSr>ktt-Ils). or Htl'ao-
iM (hSr'Ik-lis). The nuMt famous
hero of Greek mythology, son of
Zeus and Alcmene. He was cele-
brated for his great strength, and
em^ecially for his twelve labors.
Bee DBUimu and Auobas.
Btl^lOM (bSr'mSa). Bon of Zeus
and Maia. He was the messenger
of the gods ; was the god of com-
merce, lying, stealing, oratory,
gymnastics, and chance. He is
repreieutated with the caducous,
petasua, and winged feet.
Hw-ml^O-Ilt (bSromi^-nt). Daugh-
ter of Menelaus and Helena ; wife
first of Neoptolemus, afterwards
of Orestes, who slew Neoptolemus.
Blf^ihVrt). A beautiful priestess
of Aphrodite at Bestos, in Thrace,
belored by lisander of Abydos, who
used to swim orer the Hellespont
to see her. Leander was finally
drowned and Hero throw herself,
in despair, into the sea.
Ht-lfO-lM (h»-e{'d.n«). Daughter
of L^omedon, king of Troy, rescued
from a sea monster by Hercules.
HM-p«ra<4M (b«s-per^-d»i). The
nvmphs who wero set in the garden
of the gods to watch the golden
applee produced from those given
to Hera on her marriage to Zsus.
One tradition makes them the three
daughters of Atlas and Hesperis.
Bmiy-m (hSs'p^-rfis), or VM'ptr
irWfUr). Bon of lapetus and Asia,
and brother to Atlas ; changed into
the evening star.
HM^a (hU'tT-A). The Greek god-
dess of sacrificial fire, and of the
hearth ; firstborn daughter of
Oronos and Rhea. She was identi-
fied by the Romans with Vesta.
HIp-MA'y-tlW (hTp.p5ia-t&s). Bon
of Theseus and the aroason Antiope;
he was killed at the instigation of
his stepmother, whose advances he
rejected. In a Roman myth he is
restored to life by .Asculapius, at
the request of Diana.
Hlp-poai'*-BM (hTp-pOm^nSs). A
Greek prince, wtio beat Atsianta
in a race by throwing golden apples
before her, and thus obtained her
as his wife. They were both
changed into lions.
HT^a-anlhu (hl'A^Tn'thfis). A
beautiful Bpartau youth from whoee
blood, when slain, ApoUo caused
the hyacinth to spring, or (accord-
ing to another myth) marked the
petals with the letters at for woe,
or Yd for *Y(Uu'«ot.
Hy'A<dM(hi'*-dSs). Nvmphs whoee
parentage, names, and number are
dUferently stated ; but the number
commonly given is seven. They
were placed among the stars, and
were thought to bode rain when
they rose with the sun.
Hy'dra (hi'dri). in Greek mythol-
ogy, a water serpent with nine (the
number commonly given) heads, of
which the middle one was Immor-
taL It infested Lake Lema; but
was slain bv Herculea, as one of
his seven labors.
Hy-il^a (ht-jT-i'yi) or Hy-fftla
(-Ji'vi). Daughter of ^fiiculapius ;
goddess of health.
HyOaa (hinos). a beautiful son of
Titeodamus, passionately loved bv
Hercules, by whom he was kid-
naped and taken on the Argonautic
expedition. Hylas was lort on the
coast of Mysia.
HyiB'a-lUii'U (hTm/»-n8'lb), orUT'
nuo (hi'mfin). The Greek god of
marriage ; sod of ApoUo and
Calliope, or, according to others, of
Dionysus and Aphrodite.
I-UKfAu (t-ikHcfis). In Greek my-
thology, chief of thegodsof theEleu-
sinian mvsteries; sorontlmes iden-
tified with BacoHus or Dionysus.
I-ap'a-tlUi (t-Ip^-tOs). A son of Ura-
nus and G-eiL and father of Atlas,
PrMnetbnus, Epimetheus, etc.
lO^a-nw (Tk'A-rns). A son of Dvda-
lus, who, in their fiight from Crete,
flew so high that the sun melted
the wax with which his wings
were fastened on. He fell into the
Icarian, or iCk^ean, Sea.
I-dom'O-IMIIS (t-dSm'i-nfis). A king
of Crete, and the leader of the
Cretans against Troy. He sacri-
ficed his son to Poseidon to keep a
vow made for delivery from peril.
IlU (litis). Son of tfM : founder
of Troy, which he named Ilium.
Vo (!'6). Daughter of Inachus and
Ismene, beloved by Zeus, who,
through fear of Hera, turned her
into a heifer. She was pursued by
a ffadfly across the sea (Ionian Sf>tk)
into Egypt, recovered her original
shape, bore Bpaphas, war wor-
shiped as Isis, and married king
TeleironnK, becoming the ancestress
of the rml families of Egypt,
Phoenicia, Crete, Argos, and Thebes.
Iplll-g«-lll'a (Ifa-g^ni'4). Daugh-
ter of Agamemnon ana Clvt»m-
nestra. Her father sought to
sacrifice her to Artemia, whoee
resentment he had incurred* but
the goddess put a doe in her juace,
and carried her to the Tauric
Chersonese, where she became a
priestess in the temple ct Artemis.
I'm (i'rTs). Daughter of Thaumas
and Electra: personification of the
rainbow, and messenger of the gods.
I'kia (i'sis). An Egyptian goddess
worsnipea with 0«iris, — repre-
sented as a woman with a throne
on her head, or with the horns of
a cow, an animal sacred to her.
Her emblema are the life sign and
ttie lotus, and she had power to
open the gates of the nether world
and give the deceased landed pos-
sessions there.
Iz-l'on (Tks-i'So). A Ung of the
Lapith», in Thessaly. He was
entertained by Zeua at the table of
the gods, and became the father of
the Centaurs by a phantom which
he supposed to be Hera, whom he
attempted to seduce. He wss pun-
ished for his treachery bv being
chained to a four-spokeo, fiery
wheel perpetually revolving.
JalBlll (ji'niis}. An andent Italian
deity, the god of entrances, begin-
ninga, war, and springs. He is
more commonly represented with
two bearded faces, looking in op-
posite directions, and making but
one head. His temple, as god of
war, at Rome, was closed only in
time of peace.
Ja'aon (Jl'sfin). A prince of Thes-
saly, who, with the aid of Medea,
brought away from Colchis the
golden fleece, guarded by a aleep-
less dragon.
Jo-ima^m-kt^U), Wifeof (Edlpoa.
Jorao ( jii'nft ). In Roman mythology,
daughter of Saturn and Ops, and
sister and wife of Jupiter, — Iden-
tified at a later time with the Greek
goddess Hera. She was the queen
of heaven ; the patroness of women,
and the goddess of marriage, wed-
lock, and childbirth ; and the ideal
of female moHeHv and prudfmce.
jQ'pl-tMr (jH'pT-t^r), or Dl-M^
ter (dt-8s/pT-tSr). In Roman my-
thology, the supreme god of heaven,
later Identified with the Greek
god Zeus ; son of Saturn, brother
of Neptune and Pluto, and brother
and husband of Juno: god of the
sky, of hospitality and good faith,
aud, above all, the supreme pro-
tector and guardian of the state.
Laeh'e-ala (IXk'ft-sTs). One of the
three Fates.
La1-lis (laT-fl»). Father of (Bdlpna.
LalBl-a (laW-i). L A dsughter
of Poseidon who bore to Zeus the
fim, recent, 6rb, r^de. f 5^, ttm, food, fol»t, out, oil, oliair, go, sing, i||k, tSien, tlUn.
698
GREEK AND ROMAN DEITIES, HEROES, ETC.
flnt Delphic dbyL 2. A beautiful
queen of lAhy% whom Zeus loTed.
iad Hen through Jealousy clianged
to an ugly witch who went about
•trangli^ children. The name
was also given to various hobgob-
lins who, vampire-like, sucked the
blood of young men.
Lft-oe'O^ni (It-Bk'ft-Sn). A Trojan
priest, who, having offended PalUs,
was destroyed by serpents, to-
gether with his two sons.
LA-«ai'*-4on (It-Om^dSn). A kins
of Troy, and father of Priam and
Hesione; killed bv Hercules for
refusing to give his promised re-
ward for delivering Hesione.
hk'wm (li'rSs). Roman tutefau* dei-
ties, including those worshiped as
household ddties {Lares fatnilia-
ret), and thoae whose worship was
a matter of public concern {Lares
eompitales).
La-tl'Bllt (ii-tl'nlU). A king of
Latium, who gave Aneas his
daughter Lavinia in marriage.
hk'UnUL (•tS'nA). Latin name of Leto.
LA-Tlnl-«(UUvTn^-4). SeeLATiHVS.
L^^a'ter (l»-In'dSr). SeeHno.
L^'dAOS'di). Daughter of Thestius,
and wife of TVndareus, beloved by
Zeus, who visited her in the form
of a swan. To Zeus she bore (ac-
cording to one myth) Pollux and
Helena, and to Tyndareus Castor
and Clytsemnestra. Homer makes
Castor and PoUux the sons of Tyn-
dareus, and Helena the daughter of
Zeus ; other myths reverse this.
hw'JUk (iSr'nA). The swamp south
of Argos, where Hercules slew the
Hydra.
LetlM (IS^tht). 1. A daughter of
Kris, and the personification of for-
getfulness. a. A river of the lower
world, of which the departed souls
drank before entering the Elysian
fields, and at once forgot the past.
Lt^ (IS't^J. A Titan who was the
wife of Zeus before he married
Hera, and bore to him Apollo and
Artemis. According to an Homeric
hymn Leto was the mistress of
Zens, and pursued by the Jealous
Hera gave birth to her offspring on
the floating inland of Deloe.
Ll-cel-«(lt-J6nr-4). One of the Sirens.
Lu^-ftr (lu'sT-fSr). The planet
Venus as the morning star. By an
error of commentators the name
has often he^n applied to Satan.
Lo-CfnA (1(k-sI'nA). The goddew of
light ; — usually an epithet of Juno
as the goddess of childbirth.
LiKBA (in'nA). Roman moon goddess.
Ly-OA'on (lt-kr5n). A king of Ar-
cadia, who, having set human fleith
before Zeus at a repast, was de-
stroyed by lightning, or (another
myth) turned into a wolf.
Lyo'O-IIM'dM(lTc'ft-me'dSx). A king
of the isUnd of Scyros, among
whose daughters Achilles was for a
time concealed, disguised as a girl,
to avoid going to the Trojan war.
Ma-dM'm (mi-kiOta). Sooof JSa-
culapius ; a surgeon of the Greeks
bef ora Troy.
Ma1-«(mi'T-A). Daughter of Atlas,
and mother of Hermes by Zeus.
(mKrs). The Roman god of
war, and. next to Jupiter, the prin-
cipal national god of the Italic peo-
ples. He became identified with
Ares. See Qimuiius.
■az^sy-M (miir^sT-as). Originally,
a Phrygian god ; later, made a
Satyr or Silenus who contested on
his flute against Apollo on his lyre.
The Muses decided against Apollo,
who flayed Manmw alive.
Mao-flOllIt (mft-sSnOs). A king of
Caria, and husband of Artemisia
his sister, who, in 863 b. c, erected
to his memory a magnifloent -monu-
ment, the Mausoleum, which was
one of the ** seven wonders.'*
M»4«^ {mt^Vk). A celebrated
sorceress, daughter of .fietes, king
of Colchis. Through her assistance,
Jason secured the golden fleece.
M*-dO'M (ml-du'si). See Goaoov.
m%-WiL-9m (mt-lFA-JSr). Son of
(Bneus Qking of Calydon) and Al-
Uuea. His life depended on the
preservation of an extinguished
brand, and this his mother Dumed
to revenge the death of her broth-
ers, slain by him.
M^poai'*-B«(m81-p9m^-nt). The
Muse of tragedy.
Mmai^tum (mhn'nSn). A king of
Ethiopia, son of TlUionus and Eos.
He went to the aid of the Trojans,
and was slain by Achilles. His
name became connected at the
period of the Roman Empire with a
seated colossal rtatue near Thebes,
which gave forth a sound like that
of a harp-striuR when the beams of
the rising sun first fell upon it.
M«ll'*-U'as (mSn^t-li'fisj. King of
SparU and husband of Helen.
Mtntor (mfo'tSr). A faithful and
discreet friend left by Ulysses In
charge of his household, and par-
ticularly of his son Telemachus.
Mtr'OU-fy (m8rOcft-rj^). The Roman
god of commerce and gain ; he be-
came identified with Hermes.
WU,'(Um{mVdaB). AUngofPhrygia,
who entreated Dionysus that every-
thing he touched might be turned
to gold, and wottld have starved
had not the god taken away the
power. ApoUo changed his ears
mto those of an ass for deciding a
musical contest in favor of Pan.
MilO (mind). A celebrated athlete
of Crotona in southern Italy (flour-
ished about 510 B. c). According
to the fable he attempted to rend a
partially split tree in the forest, but
the wood closed on his fingers and
held him fast while he was de-
voured by wolves.
HI-n«rTa (mT-nSr'vAV The Roman
goddess of reason, of invention, and
of the arts and sciences. She be-
came identified with the Greek
Athene, and was giveD wariike
attributes.
Mi'nos (mi'nSs). A king and law-
giver of Crate, son of Zeus and
Europa, and brother of Rtadaman-
thus. After death he was made a
Judge in Hades.
Wn'O-tAVr (mTn^-tur). A monster
with the head of a buU and the
body of a man, the offspring of
PasiphaS (wife of Minos) and Posei-
don's bull. He was kept In the
Cretan labyrinth, and fed on hu-
man victims tQl killed by Theseus.
MB»«iMi>-IM(nl.mSsa-nt). Moth-
er of the Muses; goddessof memory.
M&mUM (mymos). The god of
mockery and censure ; a son of Nox.
Mor^pk^-U (roOr'ft-iis), or Mm*-
pkras (mdrfOs). The god of
dreamt : sod of Boranns.
Mon (mOrs). A deified personlflca-
tion of death.
Mn'wm (mu'iSs). Nine goddesses
(originally three) who presided
over poetrv, musip, and the liberal
arts and sciences. They were com-
monly said to be daughters of Zeus
and Mnemosyne. Their names were
Calliope, Clio, Erato, Euterpe,
Melpomene, Polyhymnia, Terpsich-
ore, Thalia, and Urania.
(nl'yids). Kvmphs of
fountains, streams, and Ukes.
Var-ote'gUi (nXr-sTs'sas). A baao-
tiful mythical Greek youth, who
vras unaffected by love, till to pun-
ish him for his unfeeling heart
Nemesis caused him to fall in love
with the reflection of himself in
the water. He pined away, and
when the Naiads came to bury him
they found only a flower.
Vtm'e-tlt (nCm^-sTs). The goddess
of retributive jusUce.
Vfop4ol'e-mwi (nt'Sp-tfiFl-mlU),
orTfTtkOM (pTr'rtts). Son of
Achilles and Deldamia. He was
brave, but cruel, and slew Priam at
the sacred hearth of Zeus. He was
slain by Orestes, who then married
Hermione his wife.
Vm/tnnt (nSp'tfin). The Italic god
cl the sea and of other waters ; son
of Saturn and Ops. brother of
Jupiter, and huaband of Salada.
Neptune early became completely
identified with the Greek Poseidon.
Ht'r^ldS (nS'rt-Tdt). Nymphs of
the sea, daughters of Nerens.
He'lro-iit (nS^rt-Os). or H^^nma
(nS'rus). A sea-god, son of P«m-
tus and Gala, husband of Doris,
and father of the Nereids.
Hwlnui (nSs'sQs). Centaur slain
by Hercules with a poisoned arrow
for offering violence to DeUnira.
HMtor (nSsOSr). Son of Neleus
and Chloris ; king of Pylos. Hav-
ing outlived three generations, he
was reverenced among the Greek
heroes before Trov for his wisdom,
Justice, and knowledge of war.
Nl'^-lM (nfd-bt). A daughter of
S, 8, 1, 8, a, long ; ft, «, I, A, tt, f , short ; laaftte, dvrat, tdM, dbey, lUate, oftre, lUm, Adc, f^U, flnq).
GREfiK AND ROMAN DEITIES, HEROES, ETC.
Tantalus, and wife of Ampbion. In
her pride in her nnineroua children
she made a slighting comparison
between herself and Leto, whose
two onlv diildren, Apollo and Ar-
temis, then slew all her offspring.
Zeos changed her into stone.
Woe (n6x). Gree* Hy* (nix). God-
dees of night.
Hym'jdutTnTm'ft). Maiden dirini.
ties Inferior to other gods, includ-
ing Naiads, Nereids, Hamadryads,
etc. They were beneficent genii of
dwelling-places.
IVoe-Alll^M (S'st-In^-dSi). Sea-
nymphs, daughters of Oceanus.
O-M'a-ltllS (^-sS'A-nOs). 1. The
swift river encircling all known
lands and seas. 2. Son of Ouranos
and Oaia, personifying this river.
He was father of the Oceanides and
river gods by Thetis.
0-d7S'MIUl(6-dj^8^sas). See Ultssm.
(RAh-mM (SdO-ptts). A king of
Thebes who solved the riddle of
the Sphinx ; unwittingly kUled his
father, Laius; and married his
mother, Jocasta, on discovering
wliich he went mad and put out
his own eyes.
Om'plia-lo (5m'f*-ll). A Queen of
Lyoia, whom Hercules In obedience
to a Delphian oracle served as a
slave. He became enamored of her,
and to please her wore the dress of
a woman and spun wool, while she
wore his lion*s skin.
Ops (Ops). An ancient Italic goddess
of plenty and fertility ; — some-
times identified with Gybele.
(KtO-Ads (yrt-Xds). Nymphs of the
mountains who accompanied Arte-
mis in hunting.
O-ne'tM (^-Hb'tSx). Son of Aga-
memnon and Clytsemnestra, broth-
er of Electra and Iphigenia. He
slew his mother and her paramour
iEgisthus, and was in consequence
tormented ^ the Brinnyee.
0-ll'on (ft-ri'on). A giant hunter
who was made a constellation.
Or'Uie-iii (Or^ft-Os), or Or'^evs
(or'fus). A poet, and musician,
who with his sweet lyre charmed
the very rooks and trees to follow
him. See Eubtdick.
0-a^tiM (d-si'rlB). An Egyptian de-
ity, brother and husband of Isls;
the creator, the foe of evil, luid the
god of the Nile.
Os'M (Os'sA). A lofty mountain of
Thessaly, which the giants, in their
war against the gods, piled upon
Mount Pelion, to scale Olympus.
Pao-tOllll (pft-tyWs). A river of
Lydia long celebrated for its aurif-
erous sands. Midas was fabled to
have washed himself in it.
P«l'a-IIM'dM(p«'4-mS'dSs). A king
of Euboea, and one of the Greeks
before Troy, where he lost his life
(according to one invth) through
the machinations of Ulysses, whose
feigned madnesa (feigned to avoid
going to war) he had discovered.
Paaw (pilSs). An Italic goddess of
ahepherds and flocks.
Pal'i-BU'nM (pU'T-ntPrfis). The
pilot of Jfineas, who fell asleep at
the helm, and tumbled into the sea.
Pal-U'dl-vm (pU-li'dT-fim). A
wooden image of Pallas, on the
possession of which the security of
Troy was supposed to depend. It
was stolen from Troy by Ulysses
and Diomedes.
Paia«i(pS11as). A name of Athene.
Pan (pin). The Oraek god of pas-
tures, flocks, and forwrts, repre-
sented, usually, with the head and
body of a man and the legs of a goat.
Pan-do^ (pSn-dO'rA). The first
woman, made by Hephnstus at the
command of Zeus, and endowed by
Aphrodite with great beauty. Zeus
(according to one m vth) gave her a
box ccmtaining idl kwds of misfor-
tunes ; curiosity tempted her to
open it, and they all new out, but
Hope remained at the bottom.
Par^oa (pKr'st). The Latin name of
the Fates.
Paris (pSr^s). Bon of Priam (king
of Troy) and of Hecuba. He de-
cided a contest of beauty between
Hera (Juno), Pallas, and Aphrodite
(Venus), in favor of the last, who,
in return, promised him Helen, the
wife of Menelaus, and the most
beautifttl of women. By carrying
her off to Troy, he brought on the
Trojan war.
Par-tliail'0-pa (pfir-thSn^-pt). One
of the three Sirens. Failing to win
the love of Ulysses, she cast herself
into the sea, and was oast up
drowned on the ahore.
Pa-tr<Kollia(p4-trSncl(U). One of the
Greeks before Trov, the friend of
Achilles, slain in single C(»nbat by
Hector.
Pera-ana (pSg'i-sfis). A whiged
steed, belonging to Apollo and the
Muses. He sprang from the body
of Medusa, when she was slain.
PalQpa (pSnOps). AUngof Phrygia.
and son of Tantalus. When a child
he was served up to the gods by his
father ; but was restored to life,
and given an ivorv shoulder in place
of one eaten by Demeter.
Pa-na^«8 (p«-nK'tSx). Latin tute-
lary deities of the household, and
of the state, including the Lares.
Pa-nel'a-pa (p^-nSl'^-l^). The wife
of Ulysses, who, being pressed by
suitors during his absence, made
them promise to delay until she fin-
ished a web, of which she unraveled
at night what she wove by day.
Par'dlX(p«r^dTx\ A skUlful artisan,
nephew of Dwdalos, thrown from a
tower by his Jealous uncle, and
changed by Athene into a partridge.
Per-aoph'o-iM (pJr-sgf^-nl), or Pro-
aei^pl-lia (prft-sJr'pT-nA), or {An-
Slieized form) Fum^n-'gUn (prBs^-
r-p$n). The daughter of Demeter
(Ceres), and wife of Hades (Ploto),
by whom she was carried off while
gathering fiowers in Nysia. To ap-
pease Demeter, Zeus decreed that
she should be permitted to pass a
part of the tune each year upon
earth ; but since she had tasted a
pomegranate (tlie symbol of mar-
riage) in the lower world, she was
not wholly released. Slie is es-
sentially a personification of the
changes in the seasons.
Ptr'aa-va (pSr'st-fis), or Ptr'aaos
(pSr'stts). Sonof ZeusandDanae;
bis who slew the Gorgon, and res-
cued Andromache.
Pha'MlMii (fi't-UiBn), or Pha'a-
tOB (-tOn). 1. A name or surname
of Helios. 2. A son of HeUos and
Prote, who obtained permission
from his father to drive his chariot
(the sun) for a single day ; but, be-
ing unable to manage the fiery
steeds, was slain by Zeus with a
thunderbolt to prevent the earth
being set on fire.
Pha'alz, or Vhm^nlx (fVuXx). A
fabulous bird, which, according to
Herodotus, visited HeliopoUs. in
Egjrpt, once in every five hundred
years. It had no mate, but when
about to die made a nest and burned
itself to ashes, from which a young
nhenix arose.
P&ll'00-ta't«8(fTKSk-tSaSx). Aoele-
brated archer in the Trojan war.
Hercules, when dying, gave him
some poisoned arrows without
which Troy could not be taken.
Pldl'0-llMaa(fTl'6.mS'U). Daughter
of Pandion. king of Athens. Slie
became a nightingale or a swallow.
Pliln'o-va (fTn^-iLB), or Phi'naiia
(fl'nus). A soothsaying king of
Thrace, who, having blinded and
imprisoned his children <» a false
accusation, was himself struck
blind and tormented bythe Harpies.
Phlnti-aa (fTn'tT-os). SeeDAMOK.
Phlara-thoil (flSg^-thBn). A river
of fire in Hades which flowed into
Acheron.
Pllla'f7-aa(flS^-<is). AUngof the
Lapltiue, who, having burnt the
temple of Apollo, was placed in
Hades under a great stone, appar-
entlv about to fall at every moment.
Fbmnb9 ip^)- A surname of Ar-
temis (Diana), as moon goddess.
Plioilnia (fFbfis). An epithet of
Apollo, as god of the sun.
PlUt'lllZ. See Phenix.
Fl^ttirdm (pt-«ra-dSt). 1. A name
given to the Muses from their birth-
place Pieria. 2. The daughters of
Fieri us, who were changed into
magpies for contesting with tho
Muses in singing.
Pl-lltll'0-lia (pt-rTth'^-lU). Son of
Ixion ; husbtuid of Hippodamia, and
intimate friend of Theseus.
VUntL-^m (plS'yA^Ss). The seven
daughters of Atlas and Pleione,
transformed into the constellation
of the same name.
fern, recent, 6rb, ryde, f yll, Ikm, food, id'ot, oat, oil, diair, go, sins, i||k, tSien, tl&in.
700
GREEK AND ROMAN DEITIES, HEROES, ETC.
FlolO (plS^). The Roman name,
deriyed from the Greek, of Hades,
god of the lower world ; ton of Sat-
urn and Ops, brother of Jupiter and
Meptune, and huabuid of reraeph-
oue. He waa called UXovrmv by
the Oreeka aa being the god of the
wealth of the earth.
PlOlOfl (plStOa). The peraoniflca-
tion of wealth, repreeented aa blind
and lame in hia approach, but
winged In hia departure.
PollllS (pSinfika). A famous pugi-
list, son of Zeus or Tyndarus and
Leda, and twin brother of Castor.
Po-lyd'a-mu (p«-lTd'*-ml8). A fa.
moua athlete (lived about 400 b. o.)
who was fabled to have killed un-
armed a huge lion, stopped a char-
lot at full gallop, etc.
Pol^-dore (p5ia-d6r), or P0l'7-d</-
rUi(p51'T-dyrtt8). A SOD of Priam
and Hecuba, killed bv Achilles, or
for his richM by the Thracian Ung
Polymestor.
Plfl/y.liym'lll^ (pSlT-hTu/nT-A), or
Po-lTBl'M-A (|^-lTm'uT4k). Muse
presiding over singing and rhetoric.
Plfl'y-phi^llt(pQia-fS'mfis). One
of the Cyclops whose single eye
Ulysses burnt out with a firebrand,
having first made him drunk.
Po-mo'kia (p6-myn4). The Roman
goddess of fruit trees.
P04«lrdoa (p«-dM5n). The Greek
god of the sea, son of Cronos and
Rhea, and brother of Zeus. He
was supreme over the sea, raised
or queued storms, and was the
creator of the horae. With his
trident he shattered rocks, called
forth or subdued storms, shook the
earth, etc. The Romans identified
him with Neptune.
Prt'im (prinbn). BonofLaomedon;
husband of Hecuba ; and father of
Hector, Paris, &e. He waa the
last king of Troy.
Pll-A'plUI (prt-S^pOs). Son of Diony-
sus and Aphrodite, the protector of
farmers, shepherds, and fishermen,
and the god of fertili^.
Proo^ (prSk'nl). Daughter of
Pandion, king of Athens: wife of
Tereus: and sister of Philomela.
She was changed into a swallow.
Pro^niS^M (pr^-krtts'tSs). A sav-
age highwayman of Attica, who
plftoed his captives on a couch, to
which he fitted them by stretching
them if too short, or by cutting
off their legs if too long.
Pn-TSUftha-UM (prd-inS^tht-fin), or
FrO-JOMthmm (-thus). Son of
lapetus and Clymene ; couKin to
Kpimetheus; and father of Deuca-
lion. Having stolen fire from
heaven, he was bound fast on
Mount Caucasus and tormented by
a vulture, which fed continually
npon his liver.
Pro-Mr'ni-lit, or PnMl'«r-p|]M. Bee
PnisKraoRx.
Pro^e-u (prS't^-Os), or Pro'tcns
(•ttts). A sea god who foretold
future events, and possessed the
power of tranjif onning himself into
various shapes.
Psy/olM (ai'kt). A beautiful nymph
beloved by Eros (CupidJ, — the dei-
fied and personified souL
PyC-BIAli-MI (pTff-mi1T-9n). 1.
Sou of Belus, and king of Tyre, and
brother of Dido, whose huri>and,
Siclueua, he slew for his money.
2. Great-grandson of Belus, and
king of Cyprus, who made a statue
of which be became so enamored
that Aphrodite (Venus) on hia en-
treaty gave it life.
FfVtL-im (pTl'A^lSa). Friend of
Orestes, and husband of Electra.
Pri^a-miUI (pTr'A-mfis). A Baby-
Ionian, the lover of Thisbe. On
account of her supposed death he
stabbed himself under a mulberry
tree; and she, finding his corpse,
put an end to her life on the same
spot and with the same wMtpon.
Pyr'lllA (pTr'rA). See Dbuoaliok.
Pymrhui (pTr'rtis). See Mbopxol-
MMxn.
Pytbl-as (pTthT-as), or PiiiBti-as
(fTntT-os). See Damoh.
Ffthaa (pi'thSu). A soothsaying
serpent, or demon, killed near
Delphi, by Apollo, who histltuted
there the Pythian gamea.
Qld-ri'mw (kwT-ri'nOs). A Roman
civic deity who became identified
with Romulus, and with Mars. He
was the father of Romulus, who was
also called Quirinus.
(rCmSs). The twto brother
of Romulus, sLain by him for lei^
ing in scorn over the walla of Rome
when they were building.
BllAd'a-IIUUllllWI (rid'4-mXnthfis).
A just lawgiver of Crete', son of
Zeus, and lirother of Minos. He
became, after death, one of the
judges in Hades.
Rni&'tL (rS'4). 1. In Roman inythol-
ogy, the mother, by Mars, of Romu-
lus and Remus. 2. Daughter of
Uranus and Gtea, wife of Cronos,
and mother of Zeus, Poseidon, etc.
She was often identified with Cyb-
ele, and sometimes with Ops.
RomtB-lU (rfim'tt-ltis). A son of
Rhea who finally became the
founder and first king of Rome.
His uncle threw him as soon as
bom into the Tiber, but he was
saved and reared by a shepherd.
Sal-mo'tae-iis (sSl-mS'nt-ns), or 8al-
mofDeaa (-nus). A king of Elis,
struck by lightning for imitatii^
the thunderbolts of Zeus.
Sar-po'don (s&r-pS'dSn). 1. A son
of Zeus and Europa, and king of
Lyoia. 2. A Lycian prince, a
brave ally of the Trojans, killed
by Patroclus.
Safoxn (slt'lim). An ancient
Italic god, who at a very early
date becune identified with the
^Sk
Greek Cnmos, with wlMmi, how-
ever, he originally had little in
common. The later myths make
him son of Covins and Terra, and
father of Jupiter. Having been
banished from the throne of heaven
by his son, he fied for safety into
Italy and taught the people agricul>
ture and the ua^ul arta. The time
in which he did this la called the
Golden Abb.
Bft^tyn (si'^rs). In Greek mytboi-
' IS of beings connected
ith the worship of Dionysus, rep-
sented aa human belnn with
pointed ears, boms oo the fore-
head, and the tail of a horse or
goat. They became identified with
the Roman Fauni, and represented
the luxurious forces in Nature.
SoylOa (simv. l. a sea nymph,
daughter of Phorcys, changed Inr
Circe into a aea^monster, mUk
dogs about the haunches, and rep>
resented as dwelling in a rock cava
on the Italian coast, opposite Cha-
rybdis on the coast of Sicily. 2. A
daughter of Nisns of Megara, be-
loved bv Minos, for love of whom
she took from her father*j head a
lock on which his lixe depended.
She was changed into a laric
Sem'a-to (sem^lt). Daughter of
Cadmus, and mother of Dtonysos.
m-lelBW (st-lS^nOs). The foeter-
father of Bacclius; laadviona and
addicted to drunkranen, but re>
garded as the god of abstruse mys-
teries and knowledge. He Is rep*
resented aa a full-bearded old man,
with pointed ears, short boms and
a flat nose, and often aa riding on
an ass.
SD-Tft'llU (sTl-vCnfis). A Roman
Kd of agriculture, the protector of
rds from wcdvee, trees from
lightning, and the defender of
boundaries, represented with a
sickle in his right hand and a
bough in his left.
BlfnOM (sl'rihiz). Three sea nymphs
usually repreeented with the head,
the arms, and the bust of a young
woman, and the lower part of the
body of a bird, who with their
sweet voices enticed aahore those
saiUng by, and then kiUed them.
Sif'y-phu (sTsnt-fOs). Son of Ao-
Ins ; king of Corinth, and a noted
robber, kfUed by Theseos. He was
condemned in Hadra to roll to the
top of a hill a huge stone, which
alwaf s rolled back to the bottom.
8<fl(sol). The sun god of the Romans.
' 'ras (eOm'nos). The Roman
of sleep, a son of Nox.
^ IZ (sfTnks). A fabuloos mon-
ster near Thebes (repreeented with
the head, and often the breasts, of
a woman, the body of * Uon or dog,
and the wings of a bird), which
Sut forth riddles to psssers bv. and
evoured all who were unable to
solve them. (Edipns solved one,
whereupon she destroyed herself.
S, B, 1, 9, fl, long ; ft, e, 1, 5, A, tt sbort ; senate, dvent, tdea, dbey, tnlta, oAn, Arm, Aik, §n, flnoL
GREEK AND ROMAN DEITIES. HEROES, ETC.
701
rCjtth/Wr). A Oraek herald
befora Troy, whose Toice wm laid
to hftTO been aa load aa the Toioea
of fifty men together.
BtfX (attlu). In Greek mytboloey,
a rirer of the hif emal r^ona, >y
which the goda swore their moat
tol*mn oathti
Bfi-WWfWU (•Xl-TS'nILs). Bee Silta-
vua.
I (Ub/tA^ltU). A king of
I and Pelopa. For reveal-
iiig the aecreta of the gods, or (an-
Fhrygia, eon of Zeua, and father
r NIobe • ~
liiffth _ .
other myth) for aerylng hia eon aa
food to the goda, he waaoondemned
to stand in Tartema in water np to
hL« ohtn. and under a tree laden
with delioiona fmita, the water and
fruit alwaya receding wtien he tried
to partake of them.
Tartft-nu (Uirti-rttaV A sunless
abysa, far below Hades, described
among the later poets aa the place
of punishment for the aouls of the
wicked. Sometimes used aa a syn-
onym of Hades.
Ttl't-mon (tei'*-m9n). One of the
Argonauts, son of Aacua, brother
of Peleus^and father of Aiax and
Teuoer. He was king of Hslsmis,
•ad first scaled the walla, when
Hercules took the city of Troy in
the reign of lAomedon.
T0-lai'a-Ollllt(t«-USm'&.kas). The
only son of Ulysses and Penelope.
He went in search of hia father
after the siege of Troy.
TttlllS (tSin&s). The Roman god-
dess personifying the earth, and
repreaented aa a woman with many
breasU distended with milk.
TmB^ (tSm'p^). AvalleyofThes-
aaly through which ran the rirer
Peneus, between Ossa and Pelion ;
described by the poets as the most
delightful spot on the earth.
Tcr'llll-llU (tSr^mT-nfis). The Ro-
man god who preaided over limits
and boundares.
Vtip^tfoll'O^Ct^rp-sTk^-rt). The
Muse who presided over the choral
dances and the dramatic chorus.
Tar'n (tSi^) . The Roman goddess
personifying the earth, and answer-
ing to the Greek Gaea.
WtkymitVtMB). WifeofOceanna,
and mother of the sea nymphs and
river gods.
Tfeft-U'a (tht-U'4). 1. The Muse of
Joy. and of feasting with song
and dance ; later, the Muse of com-
edy. 2. One of the three Graces.
ThtTllll (thS'mTs). The dauffhter
of Uranua and Gala, and goddess
of law, order, and abstract risrht.
Tha^M-U (thFel-Os), or ThrSMUl
(•^is). One of the most famous
of the heroes of Greek legend ;
ton of iBgeus (king of Athens)
and iBthra. Ha captured the bull
of MarAthon; slew the Minotaur
with the help of Ariadne, who loved
him : f ouffht the Amatmis, by one
of wiiom Be waa father of EUppoly-
tua ; went on the Galydonian boar-
hunt ; was one of the Argonauts ;
cut off the head of Meduaa; de-
feated the Oentaurs, etc.
Thla'be (thTx'bt). BeePrEAMUS.
TI-fllpll'0-lM (tt-aTf^-nt). One of
the Erinnyes.
THab (tFton). 1. The name of the
sons of Uranua and G»a (Heaven
and Berth), who after a terrible
war with Zeua and his brothers and
sisters were cast into Tartarua by
Zeus (Jupiter), son of Gronoa (one
of the Titans), with his thunder-
bolts, under guard d the hundred-
armed giants. Later legends make
the Titans ttie sons of a god named
Titan. 2. A name of Helios, the
sun god. •
Tl-tho'BlU (tt-thS'ntls). Bon (or
brother) of Laomedon, and father
of Memnon by Eoe (Aurora). The
!(ods endowed him with immortal-
ty but not with eternal youth, and
when lie became very withered with
age Koa turned him into a grass-
hopper.
YWj'Vm (tTtl-fis). A huge giant,
son of Zeus (Jupiter) and OiBa. slain
for an attempt on the cluutity of
Artemia or Leto, and condemned
in Tartarus to have a vulture for-
ever feeding on hia liver, which was
perpetually renewed.
Tri^tOl'd-llllia (trTp-tSlt-mfis). A
king of Eleusis, who was the in-
ventor of the plow, and patron of
agriculture. He became a Judge
in the lower world.
Tll'toa (tri'tOn). Bon of Poeeidon
and Amphitrite (or Celseno) ; a sea
god commonly represented mowing
a shell-trumpet.
Trol-lU (trSrr-llis). Bon of Priam
and Hecuba, slain by AchiUes.
Tro-pho'lll-lll (trft-fS^nT-fis). The
legendary builder of Apollo's tem-
ple at Delphi. He waa worshiped
as a hero after his death.
Tar'au (tQr'uQs). A kingof the
Rutuli, in lUly, killed by JBneas.
Tyd'e-u (ttd't-tts), or Ty'devs
(tiMus). A king of Calydon, father
of Diomedee ; celebn^ for his
victory over Eteodee, king of
Thebes.
Ty-j^e-nt (tt-f5^tt«), or Ty-
pno^ans (-us). A famous giant,
who waa struck with iiffhtnlng by
Jupiter, and buried under Mount
Etna.
Ty^phon (ti'fOn). A son of Typho-
eua, and father of tha winds; later
confused with TVphoeua.
U-ln'MS (tt-lTa'sSs). BanofLaKr-
tea, huaband of Penelope, father of
Telemachua, and king of Ithaca,
famous for hia wanderinga on hia
return from the Troian war. He
waa ooorageona and full of re-
sources in olfBculties. Hewaaalso
called Odysseus.
U-rallU (Q-riCnT-i). Hie Muse of
astronomy, and the celestial forces.
U'ka-ltllS (tt'ri-niis). In Greek my-
thology, the scm of Giea (Tellua),
and. by bar, father of the Titana,
CycIopea,etc Cronos (Batum), the
• youngest of the Titans, dethroned
him. The Latin CcDlna waa identi-
fied with him.
Vt'ltllS ( vS^lis). Roman goddeaa of
love and beauty; wife of Vulcan,
mother of Cupid, iEuMS, etc ; later
identified with Aphrodite.
Var-tlim'lllll (v2r-tlim'n&s). A Ro-
man god of the seasons (parClcu-
larly Bpring) and of gardena and
orchards ; the lover of Pomona.
VM'ta (vSsOi). The Roman god-
dess who presided over the family
altar and the chief altar of the dty,
tribe, or people ; daughter of Bat-
um and dster of Jupiter, Neptune,
Pluto, Juno, and Cferea ; — identi-
fied with HMtia. Her temple con-
tained a sacred fire, tended by vir-
gina, and never permitted to so out.
Vvi'oaa (vfiincon). Bon of Jupiter
and Juno, or of Juno alone, and
husband of Venna ; lame from hia
birth, or (in late myths) made so by
injuries received in being hurled
down from heaven by Jupiter ; the
god of fire, and of working in
metal, and the patron of huidi-
craftsmen. His workshops on earth
were supposed to be under volca-
noes, aa Mount Etna, where, aa>
sisted by the Cyclops, he forged
the thunderbolts of Jove. He be-
came identified with Heplupatna.
Z«pll^-nui (sBfT-rOs). The west
wind, son of .fiolus and Aurora,
and the ardent lover of Flora.
Z«l01 (sS'tSs). One of the Argo-
nauts, son of Boreas. He and his
brother, Calaia, drove the Harpies
from Thrace.
Zallllll (zS'thfis). Bon of Zeus and
Antione; twin-brother of Amphion;
skilled in hunting and herdii^.
Ztnm (sus^. The anpreme deity of
the Oreeka, huaband of Hera, and
generally regarded as son of Cronos
and Rhea. He waa god of the
heavens, of snow, rain, thunder,
lightning, heat, and oold. The Ro*
mana identified him with Jupiter.
firs, recent, 6rb, ryde, f ^, ttm, food, fo'bt, oat, oil, oliair, go, sin^, iQk, tben, tliln.
ARBITRARY SIGNS
USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING.
1. ASTRONOMICAL.
1. BUN, LARGEB PLANETS, ETC.
0, or (S> The Bun.
^t D, or <[ The Moon; Monday.
% New Moon.
^, or ]> First Quarter.
0,or^ Fall Moon.
(^fOrd Last Quarter.
0 Mercury; Wednesday.
9 Venus.
0, G, or 5 The Earth.
cf Mars; Tuesday.
1^ Jupiter ; Thursday.
I2 Saturn; Saturday.
V« Of § Uranus.
\Jf Keptune.
^ Comet.
i^:,or* Fixed Star.
0^ The asteroids are now desig-
nated by numbers (indicating the or-
der of their discovery) inclosed in a
small circle ; as. ®, Geres; (D, Pal-
las ; (D, Juno ; 0, Vesta ; etc.
2. SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC.
<P Aries, the Ram.
H Taurus, /A« Bu//.
a Gemini, the Twins.
s Cancer, the Crab.
n Leo, the Lion.
np Virgo, the Virain.
^ Libra, the Balance.
Ill Scorpio, the Scor-
the
Summer
Signs.
Autumn
Signs.
Winter
Signs.
10.
- 11.
12.
the
$ Sagittarius,
Archer.
1> Capricomus,
Goat.
:Si Aquarius, the Wa-
terman.
K Pisces, the Fishe*.
3. ASPECTS AND NODES.
c5 Conjunction ; — indicating that
the bodies have the same longi-
tude, or right ascension.
9|c Sextile ; — indicating a difference
of GO^ in longitude, or right ascen-
sion.
O Quadrature ; — indicating a dif-
ference of 90° in longitude, or right
ascension.
^ Trinp : — indicating a difference
of 120^ in longitude, or right ascen»
sion.
S Opposition ; — indicating a difter*
ence of IBO^ in lengilMdtf er right
■Mtntltnt
Q Ascending Node ; — called also
Draffon*a Head,
(3 Descending Node ; — called also
Dragan^s Tail,
4. SIGNS OF NOTATION.
-f- North.
— South.
a Mean distance.
a Declination.
A Longitude.
fi, or n. Mean daily moHoo.
. ( Angle of eccentricity.
^ ( Geographical latitude.
EL BOTANICAL.
tAn annual plant.
A biennial idant.
A perenniiJ herb.
^ An erergreen plant.
Vl A plant haTing a woody item.
\ An undershrub.
^ A shrub.
K A large shrub.
5 A tree.
i^ or (f A staminate, or male,
flower ; also, a plant bearing
such flowers.
9 A pistillate, or female, flower ;
also, a plant bearing such flow-
ers.
Q A perfect or hermaphrodite flow-
er; also, a plant besring such
flowers.
5 9 Unisexual, i. e., having the
male and female flowers sep-
arate.
'-*> A climbing plant.
) Turning or winding to the left.
( Turning or winding to the right.
o Feet. ' Inches. " Lines ; or (the
usual signs with European writ-
ers) ' Feet, tf Inches. '" Lines.
III. CHEMICAL.
0P" Every elementary substance
is reproeented, in chemiod notation,
by a symbol consisting of the initial
or abbreviation of its Latin name ; as
H for hydrogen, O for oxygen, Ag
(from Argentum) for silver, and the
like, each symbol, when used singly,
always indicating a single atom or
equivalent of the substance repre-
sented by it. A compound body is
represented by the symbols of the
respective constituents written side
by side, the number of atoms or
equivalents of each, when more than
one, being expressed by numbers
writtmi after the symbols, below the
Um I Ml HgOf • MBptttM Ol tW«
equivalents of hydrogen with ooe <A
oxygen, forming water.
hx the case of secondary com-
pounds, as a salt, the originid c<nn-
pounds from which the secondary
compounds are supposed to be de-
rivea are sometimes indicated by
separating the qrinbols of the con-
stitumt compotmds by commas or
Kriods ; as, CaO,COs, calcium car-
nate.
A number written before the ^m-
bol of an element or of a compound
designates a corresponding number
of equivalents of that element ox
compound ; as, 3S(^ three eqaiva-
Ifimts of sulphuric acid.
IV. MATHEMATICAL.
RELATIONS OF QUANTITIES.
-f- Plus ; and ; more ; — indicating
addition ; as, a + & = <^ ; — used
also to indicate that figures have
been omitted from the end of a
numt>er, or that the latter is ap-
proximately exact ; as, the square
root of 2 is 1.4142136 +.
_ Minns; less;— indicating subtrac-
tion ; as, a — 6 = c ; — uaed also in
a manner similar to + to indicate
approximate exactness.
•^%orl^ Plus or ndnus ; ambiguous ;
indicating that the number or quan-
tity following it may have either
of the tigns -h or — ; as, a ^t &.
X MidtipUed by ; times ; into ; as,
oX =afc/ 6X4 = 24.
@r- Multiplication U also often in-
dicated by placing a d(^ between the
factore (as, 4.5.6. = 120), or by writ-
ing the factors, when not numend?,
one after another without any sign.
-H, or : Divided by : as, a-i-6; that
Is, a divided by 5; 6-4-3=2.
^3f^ Division Is also very often in-
dieated by writing the divisor under
the dividend, with a line b^^ween
them; as,|.- that is, a divided by 6 ;
1=2.
= Isequalto; equals ; as, (a -f- ft) x
c = ac-f ftc: 6-f 2 = 8.
> Is greater than ; as, a^ ft .* that
is. a is greater than ft .- 6>6.
< Is less than; a8,a<ft.* that is, a
is less than ft.* 3<4.
O Denothig equivalence In area or
volume (in geometry).
1^, The difference between ; — de-
noting a difference between two
quuitities without designating the
greater one ; as, a '^' ft.
oc Varies m i ii prmorilMi] to 1 Mi
aMfti
ARBITRARY SIGNS USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING. 703
: Is to ; the ratio of ; ) — indicating
:: As; eauals; ) gtiometrical
proportion; as, ft : 6 : : c : d; that is,
a is to 6 as c is to d.
.*. Henoe; therefore; on this account.
*.* Because.
00 Indefinitely great ; infinite ; infin-
ity.
0 Indefinitely small ; infinitesimal ;
also, as a nomeral, naught : sero.
L Angle ; the angle ; as, £ A B C.
L. Right angle; as, I ABC; that
is, the right angle, A~B C.
1 The perpendicular ; perpendicular
to; as, draw A B 1 G D.
n ParaUel ; parallel to ; is paraUel
to; as, A B II CD.
O Circle; circumference; 860®.
*^ Are of a circle ; arc.
A Triangle ; as, A A B 0 ; that is,
the triangle ABC.
a Square ; as, D A B C D ; that Is,
the square A B C D.
a Rectangle ; as, a A B C D ; that
is, the rectangle A B C D.
V» or V Root ; — indicating,
when used without a figure placed
above it,_the square root ; as, V 4
= 2; '^4a»=2a. This imnbol is
called the radical tign. To denote
any other than the square root, a
figure (the index\ expressbig the
degree of the required root, is
placed aboTe the sign ; as ^a, ^a,
^iP*The root of a quantity is also
denoted by a fractional index at the
right hand side of the quantitv and
above it, the denominator of the index
expressing the degree of the root ; as,
a', a', a* ; that is, the square, cube,
and fifth roots Of <i, respectively,
n
u
indicate that
the quantities
to which they
are applied, or
which are in-
closed by them,
Vinculum,
) Parentheses,
J Brackets,
Braces,
Bar,
are to be taken altogether;
» + y»;2(a+6);aX(6-|-c[« + <l);
/, or F Function; f miction of; as,
y =/ (t) ; that Is, y is, or equals,
a function of z.
^^ Other letters or signs are
frequently used to indicate functions ;
as, h <^, ^, 1^, IT, and the like.
d Differential ; as, <fx ; that is, the
differential of x.
i Variation ; as A x ; that is, the va-
rKtion of x.
A Finite difference.
D Differential coefficient ; deriva-
tive.
S^~ The letters d, «, A, D, and
sometimes others, are variously em-
ployed by different mathematicians,
prefixed to quantities, to denote that
the differentials, variations, finite dif-
ferences, or differential coefficients
of these quantities are to be taken ;
but the ordinary significations are
those given above.
y Integral ; integral of ; — indicating
that the expression before which it
is placed is to be integrated ; as,
/2xdrz=x*i that is, the integral of
2xdx is x«.
8^r- If integration is to be per-
formed more than once, the sign is
repeated once for each time ; for a
number of times greater tlian three,
an index is ctnnmonly written at the
right hand above ; as, /" xdz^ ; that
is, the mth integral, or the result of
m integrations, of xdx^.
^ denotes that the integral is to be
taken between the value b of the
variable and its value a. y^ de-
notes that the integral ends at the
value a of the variable, and Jb that
it begins at the value b. These
forms must not be confounded
with the similar one indicating
repeated integraticm, or with that
indicating the integral with respect
to a particular variable.
2 Sum; algebraic sum ;— commonly
used to indicate the sum or summa-
tion of finite differences, and nearly
like the symbol/.
M The modidus of any syitem of loga-
rithms.
e Residual.
ff The acceleration of gravity, or (for
ordinary practical purposes) 32.2
feet per second.
V The number 3.14160266-f- ; the
n^o of the circumference of a cir-
cle to its diameter, of a semicircle
to its radius, and of the area of a
circle to the square of its radius.
In a circle whose radius is unity, it
is equal to the semi-circumference,
and hence is used to designate an
arc of 180°.
o Degrees ; as, 60* sixty degrees.
' Minutes; as, 9(V, thirty minutes.
^' Seconds ; as, 2(K^ twenty aeconds.
\ "y "\ Ac. Accents used to mark
quantities of the same kind which
are to be distinguished ; as, afy a",
o"', &c., which are usually read a
prime, a second, a third, etc. ; a bi
c" -f- a' fr" c -f- a" b &.
1, ', '. &c. Indices placed above and
at the right hana of quantities to
denote that they are raised to
Kwers whose degree is indicated
the figure ; as, a> ; that is, the
first power of a ; a*, the square or
second power of a; and the like.
V. MEDICAL.
SS (Or. ova.) Of each.
R T^ke.
^S^ This character is reputed to
have been originally the sign of Jupi-
ter, %y placed at the top of a formula
to propitiate the king of the gods,
that the compound might work fa-
vorably.
S (L. Signa.) Mark ; used to call at-
tention to directions to be put on
the medicine package.
APOTHECARIES' WEIGHTS.
lb Pound.
3 Ounce ; as, 3 it one ounce; 3 Mi
h^anounoe; 3 iwi one ounce and
a half ; 3 iJt two ounces, etc.
3 Drachm; aa. 3i, one drachm;
3 SS, half a drachm ; 3 iWf one
drachm and a half ; 3 ij* two
drachms, etc.
3 Scruple; as, 31, one scruple;
3 SS, half a scruple ; 3 !■•« one
scruple and a half ; 3 ij* two scru-
ples, etc
APOTHECARIES* MEASURES.
C (L. Cmgiu*.^ Gallon.
0, or 0 (Lat. OctariuM.) Pint
3 Ounce, or/ 3 fluid ounce.
3 Drachm, or/ 3 fluid drachm.
X\\ Minim, or drop.
VI. MISCELLANEOUS.
A, «fc, *• And. — Ac {Et attera.)
And the rest ; and so forth ; and so
on ; and the like,
lis or -f- A sign of the cross used by
the pope, and by Roman Catholic
bishops and archbiBhops, imme-
diately before the subscription of
their names. In Roman Catholic
and some other service-books, it is
used in those places of the prayers
and benediction where the priest is
to make the sign of the cross.
X, or -|- A character customarily
made by persons unable to write,
when they are required to execute
instruments of any kind, as deeds,
aflldavits, etc. The
name of the party his
is added by some John X Smith
one who can mark,
write; as,
4to, or 49. Quarto ; four leaves, or
eight peges, to a sheet.
8vo, or 8P, Octavo ; eight leaves to
a sheet.
12mo, or 129, Duodecimo; tw^ve
leaves to a sheet.
16mo, or ie9, Sexto-decimo ; sixteen
leaves to a sheet.
18mo, or 18° Octavo-decimo ; eigh-
teen leaves to a sheet.
1^^ Other sizes are 24mo or 24'^,
32mo or 329, 36mo or 36°, 48roo or
48°, G4mo or 64°, 72mo or 129, 96mo
or 9G°, 128mo or 128°. These sixes
are of rare occurrence, and are not
commonlv known by their Latin
names, but are commonly called
twenty-four-mo, thirty-two-mo, etc,
or twenty-fours, thirty-twos, etc.
7ber, September; 8ber, October;
9ber, November ; lOber, December.
VII. MONETARY, ETC.
$ Dollar, or Dollars ; as, fl ; |200.
^ Cent, or cenU ; as, 12< ; 3^,
£ Pound, or pounds (sterling) ; as,
£1; £46.
n> Pound, or popnds (in weight) ; as,
lib ; 24Ib.
704 ARBITRARY SIGNS USED IN WRITING AND PRINTING.
f At, or to ; m, silk @ $2 per yd.
Per;M,iheep$4 4^head.
% Per cent ; m, dieoount 6%.
% Aooount; m, J. Smith in % with
J. Jones.
/ BhUling; or Shillings ; M,^=le.
Al DNMignaUonofaflret-clsMTeeeel,
fat LIoyd*e Register of British sud
Forel^ Shipping; the letter de-
noting that the hull is well buUt
•nd seaworthy, and the figure the
efficient state of her rigging, an-
chors, cables, etc The figure 2
(A 2) would imply insufilciency or
inferiority in the latter.
XX Aleof double strength.
inferiority in the latter.
IX Aleof double strengtl
XXX Ale of triple strength.
VIIL TYPOGRAPHICAL.
L MARKS or PUNCTUATION.
, Comma.
; Semicolon.
— Dash.
T Interrogation,
t Exclamation.
: Colon.
. Period.
/V Caret.
'^ Quotation
Marks.
Brace.
( ) Parenthesis. \
[1 Brackets, or )
Crotchets. •••Ellipsis.
• • . Ellipsis ; al-
Crotchets.
' Apostrophe.
* Hyphen.
' AooteAocent. » («) Cedilla.
^ Orare Accent. KUipHis.
^ Broad or Oir- • Asterisk.
cumflex Ao* t Dagger, or
cent. Obelisk.
*• or* The Clr- % Double Dag-
cumflex, or ger.
Tilde. § Section.
~ The Long, or |J Parallels.
Macron. ^ Paragn^h.
* The Short, or l^nindex.
Breve. %•, or #•» As>
" Diseresis. tensm.
2. CORRECTION OF THE PRESS.
S * or 9 {dele). Take out, or expunge.
9 Turn a reversed letter.
^ A space, or more space between
words, letters, or lines.
^ or^ Less space, or no space, be-
tween words or letters.
[_, or J Carry a word further to the
left or to the right.
D Indent.
'~' Elevate a letter, word, or character
that is sank below the proper level.
i_j Sink a letter, word, or character
that Is raised above the proper
level.
shows that a portion of a para-
graph projects laterally beyond the
I I direoU attention to a quadrat or
^space which improperiy appears.
X, or -i- direcu attention to a broken
or imperfect type.
[ Bring word or words to beginning
of line; also, make new paragraph.
= or///f or \\\ Straighten (•
crooked line or lines).
^ Print as diphthong, Ugatore, or
single character ; as, as, /f (i. e.,
print «,yl).
If Make a new paramph-
— Put in Italic ; auo, change from
Italic to Roman or from Roman to
Italic, as the case may be.
= Put in small capitals.
= Putin capitals.
13^ The following abbret^tiomg,
used in correcting proof-sheets, re-
quire explanaticm : ->
ir/. Wrongfont;— used when a char-
acter is of a wrong sise or style.
tr. Transpose.
/. 0. Lower-oaae ; i. e., pot in small
or common letters a word or a letter
that has been printed In capitals or
small capitals.
t. eap9, ; or «m. e. Pot in small capi-
■S2-"
so, Leaders.
SPECIMEN OF A CORRECTED PROOF-SHEET.
Tm CROWNING or pktrakch.
Qm., Qy., or f Query.
oui^s,c Words wanting, see copy.
<d^
4. 0mAs, y^Nothlng ean be eonesiTed more affecting or noble than^ that eeiWDeay. The ^
^ superb palacss and —4 porticos had which by rolled the Ivory chariots of Maitui ^ J
o
and CaMar had long moaldersd Into dnsl. The laoreled &scee, the golden eagles,
the shouting J^gions, the captives, and the pictarsd cities were Indeed want/\
[ log to his victorious procession. The sceptre had passed away flrom Rome.
jay.
./
M^^MfO^
But shestUloetahMd the mightier influence of an ^^plrsyintellectual,^ andti
now to ooDlsr the ptendsi reward of an intellectual triumph. To the mm who ^imi,
l^^tendsdthedominionof her Lsndeot language — who L. had ersctedL. the ^A^^^ ^•H*%».
^^T^s of philosophy and Imagination In the t haunts of IgnoranceQsnd ^
ferodty, whose eapUsas wers the he'^arts of admiring nations/enchatoed by the C »/
i_> infloence of his .***°^— whose spoils wers the trta$ure$ of ancient genhis ^ the ^SSms.
tf ^ Eternal City offered the(^oriou^ynd/]ui^ tribute of her gratitude. ] / ^» *^
m^r*^ H 4^ f Amid the ruined monuments of ancient, and the in&nt ereetlonii^f midem */
A / y^ I ML
% art, he who had restored/ the broken link between thetwo age^r hnman ehrlUnr 4f
ftom the modems who
owed to him thsir rsflnsment, — from the aMiedts who ow|3^ to him their flune 4^ Q
by Westminster or Rhelms ^^^
n Lit
Nev«rLwMl.Al.eoronatioosoaugust wii
»* A A
Macaulat.
4040«tmm 9tm§m »q<tose<s^ mmm g^my
I^RAfiY, SCHOOL OF EDUCATION
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md [>ubLi?thrr9 Un thii edition of the most indispenuble boctk
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Chicago Herald. — It tmliodies the ripest re*uUa of
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DenTBr KepubUCAii.~Tt i* a bctdk *hich af
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