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a£NEAi-OGY  coLLEdrridil 


ALLEN  COUNTY  PUBLIC  LIBRARY 


3  1833  01745  3959 


GENEALOGY 

942.9 

W52 

V.9 


WEST  WALES 
HISTORICAL  RECORDS 


West  Wales 
Historical  Records 

The  Annual  Magazine 

OF 

Cfte  IJ)i0toticai  ^ocietp  of  rae0t  2Bales 

Vol.  IX.      1920-23. 


EDITED    BY 

FRANCIS    GREEN 


Jfe* 


CARMARTHEN : 

PRINTED  BY  W.  SPURRELL  &  SON 

1923. 


CONTENTS. 


Report   of    the   Annual   Meeting   of  the  *'*°* 

Society           . .              . .              . .  . .  vii. 

Laws  of  the  Society     . .              . .  . .  viii. 

List  of  Members             . .              . .  . .  ix. 

The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire  . .  . .  i 

Parish  Registers  :  Baptisms  at  St.  Peter's, 

Carmarthen  . ,              . .              . .  . .  33 

Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days  . .  67 

ScuRLOCK  OF  Carmarthen               . .  . .  135 

Scourfield  of  New  Moat              . .  . .  145 

Marriage  Bonds  of  West  Wales  and  Gower  159 

Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File  . .  197 

Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670  . .  . .  217 


A 


l^iBtortcal  ^otietp  of  Witst  Wialts. 


THE  ANNUAL  MEETING. 

An  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Society  was  held  in  the  Library  of  the 
Carmarthenshire  Antiquarian  Society's  House,  5  Quay  Street,  Car- 
marthen, on  the  i2th  November,  1921,  the  Rev.  George  Eyre  Evans  in 
the  chair. 

The  Secretary's  Report  (which  recommended  separating  the  office  of 
Secretary  from  that  of  Editor)  was  received  and  adopted,  and  the 
accounts,  which  showed  the  following  results,  were  approved : — 

BALANCE  SHEET  FOR  THE  PERIOD  1919— 21. 

Payments. 

£     s     d 
To  cost  of  printing  An- 
nual Volume  and  other 
disbursments    as  certi- 
fied   by    the    Hon. 
Auditor         ..        ..     149   12   10 


Receipts. 

£ 

s 

d 

By  90  Subscriptions    .  . 

94 

10 

0 

By    sale    of    first   five 

Volumes 

5 

5 

0 

By  Donation  (Hon.  Miss 

A.  L.  Lewis    .  . 

I 

I 

0 

By    Amount     received 

from  Guarantors 

48 

16 

10 

£149    12    10 


;^I49        12        ID 


Fred  J.  Warren,  Hon.  Auditor. 

W.  Owen,  Lieut.-Col.,  Hon.  Treasurer. 

T.  J.  Lewis,  Hon.  Deputy  Treasurer. 

The  following  of&cers  were  elected : — 
President — Sir  John  Williams,  Bart.,  K.C.V.O. 

Vice-Presidents. — The  Right  Hon.  The  Earl  of  Lisburne  ;  The  Right 
Hon.  Lord  Dynevor  ;  The  Right  Hon.  Lord  Viscount  St.  Davids  ; 
Lady  Hills-Johnes ;  Ladv  Howard-Stepney;  Sir  Evan  D.  Jones, 
Bart.  ;  Sir  Charles  E.  G.  PhiUpps,  Bart.  ;  Col.  H.  Davies-Evans  ;  F. 
D.  Harford,  Esq.,  C.V.O.  ;  Miss  A.  J.  Stepney-Gulston,  M.B.E.  ; 
Sir  J.  Lynn  Thomas,  C.B. ;  The  Right  Hon.  Lord  Kylsant,  G.C.M.G.  ; 
The  Right  Hon.  Lord  Merthyr;  D.  W.  Brodie,  Esq. 

Council. — The  President ;  The  Vice-Presidents  ;  The  Treasurer  ; 
The  Editor  ;  F.  C.  Egerton  Allen,  Esq.  ;  John  Ballinger,  Esq.  ;  G.  R. 
Brigstocke,  Esq.  ;  Capt.  James  Buckley  ;  Principal  J.  H.  Davies  ;  The 
Rev.  George  Eyre  Evans;  Mrs.  C  O.  Higgon;  H.  E.  H.  James,  Esq. ; 
T.  Y.  Lewis,  Esq. ;  H.  Meuric  Lloyd,  Esq.  ;  Richard  LI.  Lloyd,  Esq.  ; 
D.  Lleufer  Thomas,  Esq.  ;  Herbert  M.  Vaughan,  Esq.  ;  Fred.  J. 
Warren,  Esq.  ;   W.  Llewelyn  Williams,  Esq. 

Editorial  Committee. — John  Ballinger,  Esq.;  G.  R.  Brigstocke,  Esq.  ; 
Principal  J.  H.  Davies,;  Sir  E.  D.  Jones,  Bart.;  D.  Lleufer 
Thomas,  Esq.  ;    The  Editor. 


VIU. 

Editor. — Francis  Green,  Glanymor,  St.  Davids,  R.S.O.,  Pem. 

Treasurer. — Col.  William  Owen. 

Deputy  Treasurer. — T.  Y.  Lewis,  Esq. 

Auditor. — F.  J.  Warren,  Esq. 

Secretary. — Principal  David  Salmon,  Brynhryfyd,  Narberth,  Pem. 

LAWS. 

1.  The  Society  shall  be  limited  to  300  members,  out  of  whom  shall 
be  elected  a  President,  Vice-Presidents,  a  Treasurer,  Editor,  and  Sec- 
retary, and  15  other  members  (to  be  elected  annually)  of  the  Society, 
who  shall  form  the  Council,  of  whom  four  shall  be  a  quorum. 

2.  New  members  may  be  enrolled  by  the  Secretary,  but  their  elec- 
tion shall  not  be  complete  until  it  shall  have  been  confirmed  by  the 
Council. 

3.  The  government  of  the  Society  shall  be  vested  in  the  Council. 

4.  Vice-Presidents,  when  once  elected,  shall  hold  the  office  so  long 
as  they  continue  members  of  the  Society.  The  President  shall  be 
chosen  for  one  year,  but  may  be  re-elected. 

5.  There  shall  be  an  Editorial  Committee,  consisting  of  the  Editor 
and  five  members,  who  shall  superintend  the  publications  of  the  Society, 
and  shall  report  their  proceedings  annually  to  the  Council. 

6.  All  members  shall  pay  one  guinea,  in  advance,  on  ist  of  March 
in  each  year  to  the  Secretary,  and  members  wishing  to  withdraw  from 
the  Society  must  give  three  months  notice  to  the  Secretary  of  such 
intention,  and  must  pay  up  at  the  same  time  all  arrears  of  subscriptions. 

7.  All  members  whose  subscriptions  are  not  in  arrear  shall  be  en- 
titled to  receive  all  publications  of  the  Society,  for  the  period  covered 
by  their  subscriptions,  except  any  special  publications  issued  under 
its  auspices. 

8.  All  subscriptions  received  shall  at  once  be  paid  by  the  Secretary 
into  Lloyd's  Bank  Limited,  to  the  credit  of  the  Treasurer,  and  all 
cheques  shall  be  drawn  by  the  Treasurer  for  the  payment  of  biUs  against 
the  Society,  and  such  bills  shall  be  countersigned  by  the  Secretary  or 
Chairman  of  the  Council,  before  they  are  paid  by  the  Treasurer. 

9.  The  Council  shall  meet  at  least  once  a  year  to  transact  any  busi- 
ness that  may  be  brought  before  it,  and  the  Chairman  of  the  Council, 
shall  have  power  to  call  a  special  meeting,  of  which  a  fortnight's  notice 
shall  be  given  to  each  member  of  the  Council. 

10.  A  general  annual  meeting  shall  be  held  yearly,  when  the  reports 
of  the  Council  and  officers  of  the  Society  shall  be  submitted,  officers 
elected,  any  alteration  of  the  laws  approved,  the  accoimts  audited, 
and  any  other  business  discussed  and  approved. 

11.  Any  member  wishing  to  make  an  alteration  in  the  laws  must 
give  one  month's  notice  to  the  Secretary  before  the  Annual  Meeting, 
of  his  intention  to  move  such  a  resolution,  accompanied  by  a  copy  of 
such  proposed  resolution. 

12.  A  special  meeting  of  the  Council  shall  be  convened  by  the  Chair- 
man on  the  requisition  of  three  members  thereof,  such  meeting  to  be 
held  within  one  calendar  month  from  the  date  of  the  receipt  of  the 
requisition  ;  at  least  14  days  notice  to  be  given,  the  special  business 
to  be  stated  on  the  circular  convening  the  meeting  and  also  in  the  re- 
quisition. 


MEMBERS. 

Allen,  C.  F.  Egerton,  Esq.,  Norton  House,  Tenby. 

Allen,  H.  Seymour,  Esq.,  Cresselly,  Begelly,  Perns. 

Allen,  W.  Bird,  Esq.,  158  Portsdown  Road,  Maida  Hill,  London,  W.g. 

Antiquaries,  Society  of,  Burlington  House,  London,  W.i. 

Ballinger,  John,  Esq.,  National  Library  of  Wales,  Aberystwyth. 

Birmingham  Public  Libraries  (Reference  Department),  Ratcliffe  Place, 

Birmingham. 
Bowen,  The  Rev.  Canon  David,  Monkton  Priory,  Pembroke. 
Bowen,  George  Bevan,  Esq.,  Llwyngwair,  Newport,  R.S.O.,  Perns. 
Brigstocke.  G.  R.,  Esq.,  Robert's  Rest,  Ferryside,  Carms. 
Bristol  Muncipal  Libraries   (Central),  Bristol. 
British  Museum,  London,  W.C.i 
Brodie,  W.  W.,  Esq.,  Cheriton,  Llanelly. 
Buckley,  Capt.  James,  Claradme,  Pendine,  Carms. 
Cambridge  University  Library,  Cambridge. 

Cardiff  Public  Libraries,  Cardiff.     (H.  Farr,  Esq.,  Chief  Librarian). 
Carmarthenshire  Antiquarian  Society  (per  Walter  Spurrell,  Esq.,  King 

Street,  Carmarthen). 
College  of  Arms,  Queen  Victoria  Street,  London,  E.C.4. 
Congress,  Library  of,  Washington,  D.C.,  U.S.A.  (per  Messrs.  G.  E.  Stec- 

hert  and  Co.,  2  Star  Yard,  Carey  St.,  Chancery  Lane,  London,  W.C.2.) 
Davies,  The  Rev.  Canon  David,  i  High  Street,  Llandaff,  Glam. 
Davies,  Principal  J.  H.,  Cwm,  Aberystwyth. 

Davies,  Sir  Joseph,  29  Chester  Terrace,  Regent's  Park,  London,  N.W.i. 
Davies-Evans,  Col.  Herbert,  Highmead,  Llanybyther,  Cards. 
Davies-Evans,  Mrs.  Mary  E.,  Highmead,  Llanybyther,  Cards. 
Dynevor,   The   Right  Hon.   Lord,    15   Lower  Berkeley  St.,    Portman 

Square,  London,  W.i. 
Edinburgh  Public  Library,  Edinburgh. 

Ellis,  Miss  Sarah  J.,  National  Provincial  Bank,  Narberth,  Pems. 
Evans.  Dr.  Alban,  4  Northampton  Place,  Swansea. 
Evans,  Sir  E.  Vincent,  64  Chancery  Lane,  London,  W.C.2. 
Evans,  Rev.  George  Eyre,  Ty  Tringad,  Aberystwyth. 
Evans,  The  Rev.  T.  J.,  Stow-on- the- Wold,  Gloucester. 
Evans,  The  Rev.  William,  The  Rectory,  Narberth,  Pems. 
Gibbins,  F.  William,  Esq.,  Garthmor,  Neath,  Glam. 
Green,  Francis,  Esq.,  Glanymor,  St.  Davids,  Pems. 
Harford,  Frederic  Dundas,  Esq.,  C.V.O.,  49  Egerton  Gardens,  London, 

S.W.3. 
Harries,  Henry  F.  W.,  Esq.,  Woodside,  Brecon. 
Harvard  College  Library  (per  Messrs.  Edw.  G.  Allen  &  Sons,  Ltd.,  12 

Grape  Street,  Shaftesbury  Avenue,  London,  W.C.2.) 
Hemp,  Wilfred  J.,  Esq.,   Ancient  Monuments   Board  for  Wales,  H.M. 

Office  of  Works,  Storey  Gate,  London,  S.W.i. 
Higgon,  Mrs.  C.  O.,  M.B.E.,  Treffgarne  Hall,  Treffgarne,  Pems. 
Hills-Johnes,  Lady,  Dolaucothy,  Llanwrda,  Carms. 
Hinds,  John,  Esq.,  71  Ashley  Gardens,  London,  S.W.2. 
Hope,  Miss  Evelyn  E.,  Pigeonsford,  Llangranog,  Henllan,  Cards. 
Howard- Stepney,  Lady,  Cilymaenllwyd,  Llanelly. 
James,  H.  E.  H.,  Esq.,  Brynpaith,  Aberystwyth,  Cards. 
James,  William,  Esq.,  10  Portland  Street,  Swansea. 


X. 

John,  Edward  T.,  Esq.,  Llanidan  Hall,  Llanfair  PwUgwyngyll,  Angle- 
sey. 
Jones,  Sir  E.  D.,  Bart.,  Pentower,  Fishguard,  Ferns. 
Jones,  James,  Esq.,  Sohcitor,  Llandyssul,  Cards. 
Kylsant,  The  Right  Hon.  Lord,  Coombe,  Llangain,  Carm. 
Lawrence,  The  Rev.  R.  Gwynne,  Clearbrook,  Llanarthney,  Carms. 
Leeds  Public  Libraries,  Leeds. 

Lewis,  The  Hon.  Miss  A.  L.,  The  Hill,  Abergavenny,  Mon. 
Lewis,  Professor  D.  Morgan,  Iscoed,  Caradog  Road,  Aberystwyth. 
Lewis,  John  Davies,  Esq.,  Greenway,  Narberth,  Pems. 
Lewis,  Richard,  Esq.,  Coed  Saeson,  Sketty,  Swansea. 
Lewis,  T.  Y.,  Esq.,  Lloj'ds  Bank  Ltd.,  Haverfordwest. 
Lisbume,  The  Right  Hon.  The  Earl  of,  Crosswood,  Aberystwyth,  Cards. 
Liverpool  University  Library  (per  Messrs.  Henry  Young  &  Sons,  Ltd., 

12  South  Castle  Street,  Liverpool). 
Lloyd,  H.  Meuric,  Esq.,  Cynghordy,  near  Llandovery,  Carms. 
Lloyd,  Richard  LI.,  Esq.,  Penty  Park,  Clarbeston  Road,  Pems. 
Lowless,  R.  D.,  Esq.,  Town  Clerk's  Office,  Pembroke. 
Manchester    Public    Free    Libraries    (Reference  Library),  Manchester. 
Merthyr,  The  Right  Hon.  Lord,  Hean  Castle,  Saundersfoot,  Pems. 
Meyrick  Library,   Jesus  College,   Oxford. 

Morgan,  Major  F.  Stanley,  Herbert's  Lodge,  Bishopston,  Swansea. 
Morgan,  Lieut.-Col.  W.  LI.,  Brynbriallu,  Swansea. 
Morgan-Richardson,  E.,  Esq.,  Tref organ,  Cardigan. 
National   Library   of   Wales,    Aberystwyth. 
Newberry  Library,  Chicago,  Ilhnois,  U.S.A.   (per  Messrs.  Maggs  Bros., 

34  &  35  Conduit  Street,  New  Bond  Street,  London,  W.i.) 
New  York  Public  Library  (per  Messrs.  B.  F.  Stevens  and  Brown,  4 

Trafalgar  Square,  London,  W.C.2.). 
Owen,  D.  C.  Lloyd,  Esq.,  Bryn-y-graig,  Harlech,  N.  Wales. 
Owen,  Col.  W.,  Calder  Lodge,  Maidenhead,  Berks. 
Pennsylvania,  Historical  Society  of,  Philadelphia,  Penn.,   U.S.A.   (per 

Messrs.  B.  F.  Stevens  &  Brown,  4  Trafalgar  Square,  London,  W.C.2.) 
Philipps,  Sir  Charles  E.  G.,  Bart.,  Picton  Castle,  Haverfordwest,  Pems. 
Poole-Hughes,  The  Rev.  W.  W.,  The  College,  Llandovery,  Carms. 
Prosser,  The  Ven.  Archdeacon  D.  L.,   The  Vicarage,  Pembroke  Dock, 

Pems. 
Public   Record    Office   Library   (per  H.M.  Stationery  Office,   Prince's 

Street,  Westminster,  London,    S.W.i.). 
Pughe,  J.  Jones,  Esq.,  Mathavarn,  Whitchurch,  Cardiff. 
Rees,  J.  F.,  Esq.,  The  University,  Edinburgh. 
Rees,  Llewellyn,  Esq.,  Ashdale,  Narberth,  Pems. 
Rees,  Sidney,  Esq.,  Spring  Gardens,  Haverfordwest. 
Rylands  (The  John)   Library,  Manchester. 
St.  Davids,  The  Right  Hon.  Lord  Viscount,   7  Park  Crescent,  Portland 

Place,  London,  W.i. 
St.  Davids,  The  Right  Rev.  The  Lord  Bishop  of.  The  Palace,  Abergwili, 

Carms. 
St.  David's  College  Library,  Lampeter,  Cards. 
St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Pubhc  Library,  (per  Messrs.  B.  F.  Stevens  &  Brown,  4 

Trafalgar  Square,  London,  W.C.2.) 
Salmon,  Principal  David,  Brynhyfryd,  Narberth,  Pems. 
Salmon,  Miss  Mary,  Training  College,  Swansea. 

Saunders,  Mrs.  Susanne  M.  Rudman,  Glanrhydw,  Kidwelly,  Carms. 
Spurrell,  Walter,  Esq.,  King  Street,  Carmarthen. 
Stephens,  Sir  Alfred,  Broomhill,  Kidwelly. 
Stepney-Gulston,  Miss  A.  J.,  M.B.E.,  Derwydd,  Llandebie,  Carms. 


Swansea  Public  Library,  Swansea. 

Swansea  University  College,  Swansea. 

Tenby,  The  Local  Museum  (per  J.  E.  Arnett,  Esq.,  7  Norton,  Tenby). 

Theakston,  Mrs.  Lucy  E.  Lloyd,  White  Lodge,  Llanrhos,  nr.  Llan- 
dudno, North  Wales. 

Thomas,  Sir  A.  Garrod,  Bron-y-gaer,  Newport,  Mon. 

Thomas,  D.  Lleufer,  Esq.,  Derlwyn,  Whitchurch,  Cardiff. 

Thomas,  Sir  Hugh,  Castle  Hall,  Milford  Haven. 

Thomas,  Sir  J.  Lynn,  Greenlawn,  Penylan,  Cardiff. 

Vaughan,  Herbert  M.,  Esq.,  Llangoedmore,  Cardigan. 

Warren,  Frederick  J.,  Esq.,  3  Victoria  Place,  Haverfordwest. 

Webb-Bowen,  Townsend  I.,  Esq.,  Merton  House,  Merton-rd.,  Southsea. 

WiUiams,  G.  E.  P.,  Esq.,  7  Spring  Gardens,  Haverfordwest. 

Williams,  Sir  John,  Bart.,  K.C.V.O.,  Blaen  Llynant,  Aberystwyth. 

WilHams,  The  Very  Rev.  W.,  The  Deanery,  St.  Davids,  Perns. 

Williams-Treffgarne,  W.  H.,  Esq.,  11  Aberdare  Gardens,  South,  Hamp- 
stead,  London,  N.W.6. 


The   Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 


By  DAVID  SALMON. 


About  1647  George  Fox,  after  three  or  four  years  of 
mental  and  spiritual  conflict,  evolved  a  system  of  doctrines 
that  satisfied  his  mind  and  soul.  Of  the  system  as  a 
whole  I  not  do  propose  to  speak,  but  I  must  speak  of 
those  doctrines  that  exposed  believers  to  persecution  or 
ridicule,  because  some  knowledge  of  them  is  essential 
to  a  full  understanding  of  Quaker  history. 

(i) — He  held  that,  while  the  ministry  was  open  to 
both  sexes,  no  one  ought  to  become  a  minister  without 
an  inward  call.  Even  with  this  call  no  one  had  '  a 
right  to  assume  the  exclusive  exercise  '  of  the  ministry 
in  any  '  congregation  of  Christians  '  ;  and  the  '  ministry 
being,  if  rightly  received,  received  freely,  .  .  .  ought  to 
be  freely  communicated,  and  no  further  support  expected 
by  ministers  than  what  is  authorised  by  Christ  and 
practised  by  his  apostles.'^  Hence  Quakers  had  a  double 
objection  to  supporting  the  ministers  of  the  Established 
Church,  and  would  suffer  distraint  (often  extortionate), 
imprisonment,  and  excommunication  rather  than  pay 
tithes  or  Easter  offerings. 

(2) — They  obeyed  literally  and  absolutely  the  command 
*  Swear  not  at  all.'  They  not  only  refrained  from  the 
use  of  coarse,  profane,  or  blasphemous  language — they 
would  not  take  the  oaths  required  by  law  even  for  the 
protection  of  their  own  legal  rights.     Though  the  most 


1  Heny  Tuke  :    The  Quakers'  Principles  of  Religion,  1805,  p.  86. 
A 


2  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

unresisting  of  subjects,  they  would  not  swear  allegiance 
to  the  king  ;  and  though  ready  to  perform  the  duties 
of  any  muncipal  office  they  would  not  qualify  by  being 
*  sworn  in.' 

(3) — They  were  opposed  to  war  and  everything  that  it 
implies.  They  would  not  serve  or  provide  a  substitute 
when  drawn  for  the  army,  and  they  would  not  contribute 
in  any  form  towards  its  upkeep. 

(4) — They  would  not  remove  their  hats  as  a  mark  of 
respect  to  man,  considering  the  baring  of  the  head  to  be 
'  a  token  of  reverence  enjoined  and  used  '  only  in  their 
'  solemn  approaches  to  the  Supreme  Being,  when  exercising 
the  religious  duties  of  preaching  or  prayer.'  They  did 
not  consider  social  duties  as  beneath  their  attention  or 
regard,  but  they  held  that  '  true  civility  and  due  respect 
may  be  better  shown  by  conduct  than  by  compliment.'^ 

The  people  who  held  these  peculiar  beliefs  were  exposed 
to  cruel  and  persistent  persecution  for  nearly  forty  years. 
For  a  much  longer  period  they  were  exposed  by  certain 
other  peculiarities  to  the  ridicule  of  the  unthinking. 
Thus  their  clothes,  while  notably  neat  and  good,  were 
from  the  first  very  plain,  and  gradually  became  anti- 
quated. And  they  had  sundry  oddities  of  speech.  When 
addressing  a  single  person  they  did  not  use  the  customary 
plural  pronouns  ;  nor  would  they  use  the  customary 
complimentary  titles,  such  as  Mr.,  Mrs.,  Miss,  or  St.  ; 
they  called  the  days  of  the  week  and  the  months  of  the 
year  by  their  numbers  instead  of  by  their  customary 
heathen  names  ;  the  Established  Church  was  the  '  nation- 
al worship,'  its  buildings  '  steeple-houses,'  and  its  clergy 
'  priests,'  etc. 

One  of  the  most  remarkable  things  in  the  history  of 
this  remarkable  people  is  the  rapidity  of  their  spread,  not 
only  through  England  and  Wales,  but  to  Scotland  and 
Ireland,  and  even  to  the  American  colonies  and  the 
West  Indies.     In  1647  Fox  was  the  only  Quaker  :    in 

1  Id.,  p.  151. 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  3 

1661  there  were  4200  Quakers — not  in  the  country,  but 
in  prison  !  These  were  mostly  men.  Assuming  as  many 
men  to  be  at  large,  we  may  reasonably  estimate  the 
men,  women,  and  children  together  at  30,000  to  40,000 
(out  of  a  population  of  five  millions).  Twenty  years 
later  there  were  probably  70,000  to  80,000. 

The  rapidity  of  growth  is  all  the  more  remarkable  as 
the  converts  generally  came,  not  from  the  careless,  the 
wordly,  or  the  ir-religious,  but  from  a  far  smaller  class — 
the  deeply  devout,  who,  having  failed  to  find  satisfaction 
in  the  older  creeds,  were  willing  to  try  a  new  one.  For 
a  whole  century  the  nation  had  been  distracted  by 
religious  and  political  conflicts — between  Protestants  and 
Catholics,  between  orthodox  Churchmen  and  Puritans,  or 
between  Presbyterians  and  Independents — conflicts  in 
which  religion  embittered  the  politics  and  politics  in- 
fected the  religion,  so  that  gentle  souls  were  yearning  for 
peace,  while  pious  souls  '  burdened  with  the  formality, 
superstition,  and  will-worship  prevalent  around  them  ' 
were  ready  to  welcome  a  mode  of  '  waiting  upon  God  in 
a  holy  silence  and  awful  humility,'  whereby  they  might 
'  draw  nigh  unto  Him  in  true  spiritual  worship.'^ 

One  reason  why  the  new  faith  spread  so  rapidly 
was  that  it  had  for  missionaries  men  and  women  as 
zealous,  as  eager  to  dare  and  willing  to  die,  as  the  first 
apostles  of  Christianity.  George  Fox  himself  (who  set 
the  example)  was  for  more  than  forty  years  seldom 
stationary  except  when  he  was  in  prison  ;  like  Paul  he 
was  '  in  journeyings  often,'  in  perils  manifold,  in  weariness 
and  painfulness,  in  watchings,  in  hunger,  and  in  thirst. 
He  compassed  land  and  sea  to  gain  proselytes.  He 
travelled  twice  through  Holland  and  Germany  ;  he 
undertook  one  voyage  to  the  American  Colonies,  and 
another  to  the  West  Indies  ;  and  the  list  of  places  which 
he  visited  (often  several  times)  in  the  British  Isles  in- 
cludes about  thirteen  hundred  names. 

1  Alexander  Jaffray. 


4  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

The  ardour  of  the  missionaries  was  aided  enor- 
moush^  by  the  blameless  conduct  of  the  converts,  which 
shed  around  them 

In  the  common  strife. 
Or  mild  concerns  of  ordinary  life, 
A  constant  influence,  a  peculiar  grace. 

Persons  who  rejected  their  creeds  and  smiled  at  their 
peculiarities  were  forced  to  admire  their  sincerity  and 
their  integrity.  Refusing  to  take  an  oath  they  were  so 
careful  of  their  language  that  their  simple  assertion 
could  be  trusted  as  confidently  as  the  sworn  testimony 
of  other  men  ;  their  words  were  bonds,  their  hearts 
'  as  far  from  fraud  as  heaven  from  earth. '^ 

Of  all  the  forces  that  concurred  in  the  spread  of 
the  new  beliefs  perhaps  the  most  powerful  was  the 
persecution  of  the  believers.  With  infinite  labour  George 
Besse,  towards  the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century, 
compiled  '  A  Collection  of  the  Sufferings  of  the  people 
called  Quakers,  for  the  testimony  of  a  good  conscience, 
from  the  time  of  their  being  first  distinguished  by  that 
name  in  the  3^ear  1650,  to  the  time  of  the  Act,  commonly 
called  the  Act  of  Toleration,  granted  to  Protestant 
Dissenters  in  the  first  year  of  the  reign  of  King  William 
the  Third  and  Queen  Mary,  in  the  year  1689.'  (London, 
1753).  The  names  of  the  sufferers  with  the  particulars 
of  their  suft'erings  (both  necessaril}^  illustrative  rather  than 
exhaustive)  fill  over  thirteen  hundred  folio  pages  ;  Wales 
alone,  notwithstanding  its  small  area  and  population, 
had  nearly  five  hundred  heroes  on  its  roll  of  honour. 

1  This  was  the  secret  of  their  success,  when,  after  the  storm  of 
persecution  had  blown  over,  they  settled  down  to  business.  The  Lloyds, 
the  Bevans,  the  Gurneys,  and  the  Barclays  prospered  as  bankers 
because  everybody  knew  that  they  could  be  trusted  with  money  ; 
the  Hanburys,  the  Buxtons,  the  Barclays,  and  the  Perkinses  prospered 
as  brewers,  because  everybody  knew  that  they  made  honest  beer  ; 
the  Howards,  the  Aliens,  the  Hanburys,  and  the  Bells  prospered  as 
chemists,  because  everybody  knew  that  they  made  or  sold  pure  drugs. 
Many  more  illustrations  might  be  given,  for  there  were  few  depart- 
ments of  trade,  commerce,  or  industry  in  which  Quakers  were  not 
leaders. 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  5 

The  meekness  and  constancy  with  which  they  bore 
undeserved  punishment  may  perhaps  be  paralleled,  but 
I  believe  that  their  generosity  to  each  other  is  unparalleled. 
It  was  common  for  a  Friend  at  large  to  offer  himself  as 
substitute  for  one  in  bonds,  and  in  1659  a  hundred  and 
sixty-four  of  them  collectively  addressed  Parliament, 
offering  '  their  own  bodies,  person  for  person,  to  lie  in 
prison  instead  of  such  of  their  brethren  as  were  then 
under  confinement,  and  might  be  in  danger  of  their 
lives  through  extreme  durance.'  How  could  such  deeds 
fail  to  call  forth  sympathy  ?  And  sympathy  with  the 
sufferers  easily  led  to  a  conviction  that  the  faith  for 
which  they  were  willing  to  suffer  must  be  true.  It  is 
more  than  a  coincidence  that  when  persecution  ceased 
the  numbers  declined. 

Only  one  law,  13  and  14  Car.  II.,  c.l.  (1661),  was  aimed 
directly  at  the  Quakers.  The  necessity  of  it  was  stated 
in  the  preamble  : 

Whereas  of  late  times  certain  persons  under  the  names  of  Quakers, 
and  other  names  of  separation,  have  taken  up  and  maintained  sundry 
dangerous  opinions  and  tenets,  and  (among  others)  that  the  taking 
of  an  oath  in  any  case  whatsoever,  although  before  a  lawful  magistrate, 
is  altogether  unlawful  and  contrary  to  the  Word  of  God  :  And  the  said 
persons  do  daily  refuse  to  take  an  oath,  though  lawfully  tendered, 
whereby  it  often  happens  that  truth  is  wholly  suppressed,  and  the 
administration  of  Justice  much  obstructed  ;  And  whereas  the  said 
persons,  under  a  pretense  of  religious  worship,  do  often  assemble 
themselves  in  great  numbers  in  several  parts  of  the  realm,  to  the  great 
endangering  of  the  publick  peace  and  safety,  and  to  the  terror  of  the 
people,  by  maintaining  a  secret  and  strict  correspondence  among 
themselves,  and  in  the  meantime  separating  and  dividing  themselves 
from  the  rest  of  His  Majesty's  good  and  loyal  subjects,  and  from  the 
publick  congregations  and  usual  places  of  divine  worship. 

It  was,  therefore,  enacted  that  anyone  who  (i)  main- 
the  unlawfulness  of  taking  or  '  wilfully  and  obstinately  ' 
refused  to  take  an  oath  ;  or  (2)  assembled  with  others 
'  to  the  number  of  five  or  more  of  the  age  of  sixteen 
years  or  upwards  at  any  one  time  in  any  place  under 
pretence  of  joining  in  a  religious  worship  not  authorised 


6  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

by  the  laws  of  the  realm,'  should  pay  £5  or  undergo 
three  months'  imprisonment  for  the  first  offence,  £10  or 
six  months  for  the  second,  and  for  the  third  should 
'  abjure  the  realm  or  be  transported.' 

But  if  there  was  only  one  Act  directly  aimed  at  the 
Quakers  they  could  with  a  little  malevolent  ingenuity 
be  brought  within  the  range  of  several  others.  Thus,  by 
an  Act  of  Henry  VIII.  they  could  be  imprisoned  for  refus- 
ing to  pay  tithes  ;  by  Acts  of  Elizabeth  they  could  be 
fined  for  absence  from  Church,  and  if  obstinate,  could  be 
banished  ;  and  a  refusal  to  take  the  oath  of  allegiance 
exposed  them  to  the  penalties  of  praemunire,  which 
might  involve  forfeiture  of  both  property  and  liberty. 
They  might  also  be  excommunicated  for  heresy,  and  if 
they  persisted  (as  they  always  did)  Chancery  would  issue 
a  writ  de  excommunicato  capiendo,  directing  the  sheriff 
to  seize  them  and  keep  them  confined  till  they  had  given 
satisfaction.  Even  for  the  '  contempt '  of  refusing  to 
remove  their  hats  in  a  court  of  law  they  might  be  com- 
mitted indefinitely.  When  on  the  way  to  their  distant 
meetings  they  could  be  arrested  as  vagrants,  and  black- 
guards could  assault  them  without  fear  of  resistance  or 
reprisal.  Besse  gives  local  examples  of  cowardly  attacks 
on  the  defenceless. 

Beside  the  grievous  persecution  inflicted  on  this  people  in  Wales 
under  colour  of  law,  many  of  them  were  grievously  beaten  and  abused, 
to  the  hazard  of  their  lives,  by  wicked  persons  on  the  road,  who,  on 
presumption  of  impunity,  made  it  their  sport  to  insult  and  abuse  their 
peaceable  neighbours  :  Of  those  who  suffered  much  by  this  means 
were  John  Humphreys  and  Humphry  Williams  at  Carmarthen,  James 
Lewis,  near  Tenby,  Griffith  Morgan,  and  many  others  ;  and  even 
some  of  the  priests  struck  several  of  them  with  their  own  hands  (Vol. 
I.,  p.  748). 

It  is  obvious  that  the  fate  of  the  Quakers  depended 
very  much  on  the  temper  of  the  magistrate.  If  he  was 
humane  and  tolerant^  they  had  little  to  fear  except  the 

1  Even  a  well-disposed  magistrate  was  sometimes  compelled  by 
mercenary  informers  to  notice  acts  or  omissions  that  he  would  other- 
wise have  ignored. 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  7 

taking  of  their  property  for  tithes  and  other  legal  dues  ; 
if  he  was  malicious  or  bigoted  he  would  procure  proof 
that  they  had  attended  their  own  services,  and  had  not 
attended  the  services  of  the  Church,  and  that  they  had 
broken  other  laws.  He  might  even  punish  his  own 
enemies  as  enemies  of  the  established  religion.  Thus 
Richard  Davies,  of  Welshpool,  '  having  had  some  differ- 
ence with  a  neighbouring  justice  of  the  peace,  that 
magistrate  avenged  himself  and  vented  his  own  private 
spleen  by  tendering  to  the  said  Richard  the  oath  of 
allegiance,  and  sending  him  to  prison,  where  he  continued 
for  some  years  '  (Vol.  I.,  p.  751).  This  same  Richard 
records  several  instances  of  Quakers  being  sheltered  from 
the  malice  of  magistrates  or  priests  by  enlightened  and 
benevolent  magnates  like  Lord  Powis,  Lord  Herbert  of 
Cherbury,  and  William  Lloyd,  bishop  of  St.  Asaph  ;  and 
he  gives  the  Pembrokeshire  justices  a  good  character. 
'  I  was  informed,'  he  says,  *  that  they  were  generally  very 
moderate  in  the  hardest  times  of  persecution.'  I  am 
afraid  that  he  was  misinformed.  If  he  was  not,  there 
must  have  been  a  few  whose  persecuting  zeal  outweighed 
the  moderation  of  the  rest,  for  our  county  had  more 
than  its  share  of  sufferers  and  sufferings. 

To  close  this  chapter  of  martyrs  I  may  add  that  the 
Act  of  Toleration  (1689)  gave  all  Protestant  Dissenters 
liberty  of  worship  and  the  option  of  making  a  declaration 
of  fidelity  instead  of  taking  the  oath  of  allegiance.  Qua- 
kers were  still  liable  to  be  harassed  for  refusing  to  swear 
and  to  pay  Church  dues.  They  were  relieved  from  the 
first  liability  by  an  Act  passed  in  1696,  allowing  them  to 
affirm.  They  could  not  be  relieved  from  the  liability  to 
pay  tithes,  etc.,  but  the  same  Act  freed  them  from  the 
heavy  law  costs  incurred  in  their  recovery.  A  single 
magistrate  could  henceforth  sign  a  warrant  for  levying 
distress,  and  if  there  was  an  over-levy  the  '  over-plus 
was  to  be  rendered  to  the  '  offender.' 

It  is  impossible  to  say  definitely  who  first  brought  the 
Friendly  light  to  Pembrokeshire.     Thomas  Holme  cer- 


8  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

tainly  visited  the  county  early  in  the  history  of  the 
movement,  and  Besse  says  that  he  is  believed  '  to  have 
been  the  first  preacher  among  the  people  called  Quakers 
in  Wales.'  Holme  may  have  been  the  first  of  Fox's 
English  disciples^  to  cross  Offa's  Dyke  on  a  mission, 
but  he  was  not  the  first  to  bring  the  new  faith.  Richard 
Davies,  of  Welshpool,  writes  : 

About  this  time,  being  in  the  year  1656,  our  ministers  told  us  that 
there  was  a  sort  of  people  come  up  in  the  north  [of  England]  called 
Quakers,  that  were  a  people  of  strange  postures  and  principles.  .  .. 
This  sort  of  people  called  Quakers  were  much  preached  against.  .  .  . 
They  were  represented  to  us  to  be  such  a  dangerous  sort  of  people 
that  we  were  afraid  of  any  who  had  the  name  of  Quaker,  lest  we  should 
be  deceived  by  them.* 

The  report  concerning  the  *  strange  people  '  had 
reached  Wrexham  by  1653,  and  roused  so  much  curiosity 
that  in  July  of  that  year  Morgan  Lloyd,^  '  the  priest,' 
sent  two  of  his  congregation  to  Swarthmore  to  enquire. 
The  result  of  their  mission  is  told  by  Fox  : 

When  those  triers  came  down  amongst  us  the  power  of  the  Lord 
overcame  them,  and  they  were  both  convinced  of  the  truth.  So  they 
stayed  some  time  with  us,  and  then  returned  into  Wales,  where,  after- 
wards, one  of  them  departed  from  his  convincement  ;  but  the  other, 
whose  name  was  John  ap  John  [of  Trevor,  near  Llangollen],  abode  in 
the  truth,  and  received  a  part  in  the  ministry,  in  which  he  continued 
faithful.* 

It  is  known  that  when  John  returned  to  Wales  he 
began  preaching  the  new  faith  ;  it  is  highly  probably 
that  he  was  the  Welshman  who  accompanied  Holme,  and 
certain  that  he  was  the  Welshman  who   accompanied 


1  Two  of  them,  John  Lawson  and  Richard  Hubberthorne,  had  paid 
a  brief  visit  to  Wrexham  in  October,  1653,  but  as  their  zeal  was  chiefly 
displayed  in  abusing  a  respected  '  priest,'  they  are  not  likely  to  have 
made  any  converts. 

2  An  account  of  the  convincement,  exercises,  services,  and  travels 
of  that  ancient  servant  of  the  Lord,  Richard  Davies,  1710,  p.  7. 

3  The  Independent  minister  of  Wrexham,  author  of  Llyfy  y  tri 
aderyn.  He  was  a  celebrated  mystical  preacher,  and  had  a  good  deal 
of  sympathy  with  the  views  of  Fox.  He  was  probably  the  '  priest ' 
of  the  preceding  note  i . 

*  Journal  of  George  Fox,  1852,  I.,  172. 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  9 

Fox  to  Pembrokeshire.  Of  the  two  visits  we  fortunately 
have  accounts  written  by  the  visitors  themselves.  The 
first,  preserved  among  the  Swarthmore  MSS.  is  described 
as  a  '  letter  from  Thomas  Holme  to  Margaret  Fell,^ 
abought  1656,  conserning  his  wife.'  It  is  dated  '  26  day 
4  month  '  (June  O.S.).  The  year  is  omitted,  but  all  the 
known  facts  point  to  1656.  This^  is  the  part  most  interest- 
ing to  us  : 

The  last  week  I  was  in  Pembrokeshire.  It's  called  '  Little  England 
beyond  Wales.'  The  most  of  that  county  is  English.  The  Lord  hath  a 
people  there.  In  Tenby,  which  stands  upon  the  eye  [?edge]  of  the 
sea,  I  had  five  meetings.  Four  of  them  I  had  at  the  mayor's  house, 
and  the  other  at  his  brother's.  A  great  convincement  there  is  there  ; 
truly  the  Lord  hath  a  great  work  here,  away  in  the  south  of  Wales  and 
Monmouthshire.  The  mayor  of  Tenby  and  his  wife  are  pretty  Friends, 
and  his  brother  and  sister,  and  many  others  in  the  town  hath  a  true 
love  and  true  desires  in  them.  A  justice  there  is  in  the  town  which 
came  to  meetings  the  last  First  Day,  and  his  brother  and  many  of  them 
called  gentle  folks  have  a  true  love  in  them.  My  spirit  was  large  to- 
wards them  ;  they  receive  the  truth  in  the  love  of  it.  I  lay  four  nights 
in  the  mayor's  house,  and  a  Welshman  [almost  certainly  John  ap  John] 
with  me  I  took  along,  which  is  serviceable. 

We  passed  to  Pembroke  town.  In  that  town  there  is  one  of  the 
aldermen  convinced,  and  a  shoemaker  are  two. 

And  from  thence  we  passed  to  Haverfordwest,  the  greatest  town  in 
Wales,  and  there,  a  merchant  of  the  town  [almost  certainly  William 
Bateman]  is  convinced.  And  we  got  a  meeting  that  night  of  near 
two  hundred  people  at  his  house  in  that  town. 

This  is  Fox's  account^  of  the  visit  which  he  paid  to 
Pembrokeshire  in  1657. 


1  Margaret  Fell  was  then  the  wife  of  Thomas  Fell  of  Swarthmore 
Hall,  near  Ulverston,  in  Furness,  a  member  of  the  Long  Parliament, 
judge  of  assize  on  the  Chester  and  North  Wales  circuit,  vice-chancellor 
of  the  Duchy  of  Lancaster,  and  attorney  for  the  County  Palatine. 
She  was  converted  by  Fox  in  1652  ;  her  husband,  though  he  did  not 
become  a  professed  follower,  became  a  warm  sympathiser.  He  died 
in  1658  ;  in  1669  his  widow  married  Fox.  From  the  date  of  her  con- 
version her  home  had  been  a  kind  of  headquarters,  whither  the  mission- 
aries sent  reports  of  their  movements.  These,  with  many  other  docu- 
ments, were  carefully  preserved,  and  now  form  invaluable  material 
for  the  history  of  the  Friends. 

2  The  spelling  and  punctuation  have  been  modernised. 

3  Journal,  I.,  299. 


10  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

From  this  place  [Leominster]  I  travelled  on  in  Wales,  having  several 
meetings,  till  I  came  to  Tenby  ;  where,  as  I  rode  up  the  street,  a 
justice  of  peace  came  out  of  his  house,  desired  me  to  alight  and  stay 
at  his  house  ;  and  I  did  so.  On  First  Day  the  mayor  and  his  wife  and 
several  of  the  chief  of  the  town  came  in  about  ten  and  stayed  all  the 
time  of  the  meeting.  A  glorious  one  it  was.  John  ap  John,  being  then 
with  me,  left  it  and  went  to  the  steeple-house,  and  the  governor^  cast 
him  into  prison.  On  the  Second  Day  morning  the  governor  sent  one 
of  his  ofi&cers  to  the  justice's  house  to  fetch  me,  which  grieved  the 
mayor  and  the  justice,  for  they  were  both  with  me  in  the  justice's 
house  when  the  officer  came.  So  the  mayor  and  the  justice  went  up 
to  the  governor  before  me  ;  and  after  a  while  I  went  up  with  the  officer. 
WTien  I  came  in  I  said  '  Peace  be  unto  this  house.'  And  before  the 
governor  could  examine  me  I  asked  him  why  he  cast  my  friend  into 
prison.  He  said  '  For  standing  with  his  hat  on  in  the  church.'  I  said, 
'  Had  not  the  priest*  two  caps  on  his  head,  a  black  one  and  a  white 
one  ?  Cut  oj5  the  brims  of  the  hat,  and  then  my  friend  would  have  but 
one,  and  the  brims  of  the  hat  were  but  to  defend  him  from  the  weather. ' 
'  These  are  frivolous  things,'  said  the  governor.  '  Why  then,'  said  I, 
'  dost  thou  cast  my  friend  into  prison  for  such  frivolous  things  ?  ' 
Then  he  asked  me  whether  I  owned  election  and  reprobation.  '  Yes,' 
said  I,  '  and  thou  art  in  the  reprobation.'  At  that  he  was  in  a  rage,  and 
said  he  would  send  me  to  prison  till  I  proved  it ;  but  I  told  him  I  would 
prove  that  quickly  if  he  would  confess  truth.  Then  I  asked  him  whether 
wrath,  fury,  rage,  and  persecution  were  not  marks  of  reprobation  ; 
for  he  that  was  born  of  the  flesh  persecuted  him  that  was  born  of  the 
Spirit  ;  but  Christ  and  His  disciples  never  persecuted  nor  imprisoned 
any.  Then  he  fairly  confessed  that  he  had  too  much  wrath,  haste, 
and  passion  in  him.  I  told  him  Esau  was  up  in  him,  the  first  birth, 
not  Jacob  the  second  birth.  The  Lord's  power  so  reached  and  came 
over  him  that  he  confessed  to  truth  ;  and  the  other  justice  came  and 
shook  me  kindly  by  the  hand. 

As  I  was  passing  away  I  was  moved  to  speak  to  the  governor  again, 
and  he  invited  me  to  dine  with  him,  and  set  my  friend  at  liberty.  I 
went  back  to  the  other  justice's  house  ;  and  after  some  time  the  mayor 
and  his  wife,  and  the  justice  and  his  wife,  and  divers  other  Friends  of 
the  town  went  about  half  a  mile  out  of  town  with  us,  to  the  water  side 


1  Tenby  was  a  walled  town,  and  in  the  Pembrokeshire  rising  had 
sided  with  the  king.  It  was  taken  by  the  Parliamentary  forces  on  31st 
May,  1648,  and  the  governor  would  doubtless  be  one  of  Cromwell's 
officers  as  expert  in  theology  as  in  war,  and  as  much  prejudiced  against 
the  new  system  as  one  of  Laud's  own  priests  would  have  been. 

2  John  Roch  was  appointed  rector  in  1624,  and  died  in  1670,  but 
during  the  Commonwealth  the  living  was  held  by  Edward  Carner, 
who  therefore  may  have  been  the  priest. 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  il 

when  we  went  away  ;  and  there,  when  we  parted  from  them,  I  was 
moved  of  the  Lord  to  kneel  down  with  them  and  pray  to  the  Lord  to 
preserve  them.  So,  after  I  had  recommended  them  to  the  Lord  Jesus 
Christ,  their  Saviour  and  free  teacher,  we  passed  away  in  the  Lord's 
power,  and  the  Lord  had  the  glory.  A  meeting  continues  in  that  town 
to  this  day. 

We  travelled  to  Pembrokeshire  and  in  Pembroke  had  some  service 
for  the  Lord. 

Thence  we  passed  to  Haverfordwest,  where  we  had  a  great  meeting, 
and  all  was  quiet.  The  Lord's  power  came  over  all,  and  many  were 
settled  in  the  new  covenant,  Christ  Jesus,  and  built  upon  Him  their 
rock  and  foundation  ;  and  they  stand  a  precious  meeting  to  this  day. 
Next  day,  being  their  fair  day,  we  passed  through  it,  and  sounded  the 
day  of  the  Lord  and  His  everlasting  truth  amongst  them. 

These  two  extracts,  instead  of  answering  our  question 
as  to  the  '  first  publisher  of  the  truth  '  in  Pembrokeshire, 
suggest  other  questions.  The  municipal  authorities  of 
Tenby  might,  if  broadminded,  have  tolerated  or  ignored 
the  presence  of  Holme  and  Fox,  and,  if  narrowminded, 
have  persecuted  them  ;  but  we  find  Holme  welcomed  in 
1656  as  a  guest  by  the  mayor,  and  heard  sympathetically 
by  one  of  the  justices,^  and  Fox  in  1657  welcomed  as  a 
guest  and  heard  sympathetically  by  the  mayor.  The 
mayor  was  elected  on  Michaelmas  Day,  when  two  of  the 
aldermen  were  also  chosen  to  act  as  justices  during  the 
coming  year.  The  mayor  elected  in  1655  was  Thomas 
Rogers,  but  he  died  in  office,^  and  was  succeeded  for  the 
remainder  of  his  term  by  Thomas  Barrett.^     It  must 

1  Remembering  the  recent  serious  anti-Puritan  rising  in  Pembroke- 
shire we  may  well  understand  that  Cromwell's  government  had  been 
careful  to  appoint  as  magistrates  only  men  of  strong  Puritan  convic- 
tions— men  therefore  likely  to  tolerate,  perhaps  to  sympathise  vnth 
the  new  doctrine. 

2  An  entry  in  the  Gumfreston  Parish  Registers  shows  that  Rogers 
performed  a  marriage  ceremony  on  January  3rd,  1655-6. — Article  by 
Edward  Laws  in  the  Archcsologia  Cambrensis,  July,  1900,  p.  214. 

3  The  Barretts  were  a  family  of  standing  in  Tenby.  A  Thomas 
Barrett  (possibly  the  father  of  our  Thomas)  was  alderman  in  1623,  and 
gave  ;^io  to  be  lent  without  interest  to  poor  burgesses  ;  a  Thomas 
(possibly  ours)  was  mayor  in  1651,  and  an  Alderman  Thomas  (almost 
certainly  the  same)  is  shown  by  an  extant  probate  inventory  to  have 
died  in  1665. — Laws  :  Little  England  beyond  Wales,  p.  397,  and  informa- 
tion supplied  by  the  Town  Clerk  (Mr.  G.  Lort  Stokes)  and  Mr.  Francis 
Green. 


12  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

be  he  who  received  Holme,  and  it  may  be  he  who  was  on 
the  look-out  to  welcome  Fox.  Holme,  writing  imme- 
diately after  his  visit,  says  that  the  mayor  and  his  wife 
'  are  pretty  Friends,'  and  '  the  Lord  hath  a  people  there.' 
This  is  not  the  language  we  should  expect  him  to  apply 
to  converts  made  within  the  past  week,  and  all  the 
circumstances  seem  to  suggest  that  there  were  Friends 
in  Tenby  before  June,  1656,  and  that  it  was  a  knowledge 
of  the  welcome  awaiting  them  which  caused  Holme  and 
Fox  to  begin  their  mission  there  rather  than  at  Haverford- 
west, '  the  greatest  town  in  Wales.'  We  know  from 
Gawler  that  Holme's  wife  addressed  the  Quakers  assem- 
bled in  Barrett's  house  in  1659,^  ^^^  the  only  difficulty 
is  that  he  must  have  taken  an  oath  on  assuming  office. 
Could  he  have  been  converted  between  the  assumption 
and  the  arrival  of  Holme  ? 

Leaving  these  questions,  perforce,  unanswered,  I  come 
now  to  a  visit  made  about  1665  by  the  Richard  Davies 
of  Welshpool,  already  mentioned.  This  is  his  account^ 
of  it  : 

'  When  I  was  clear  of  Bristol,  the  Lord  having  blessed  me  and  pre- 
served me  so  far  in  my  journey,  I  set  forward  towards  Pembrokeshire. 
I  travelled  without  any  companion,  but  the  Lord  alone,  who  was 
with  me  all  along  in  my  journey  ;    He  was  my  helper  and  preserver. 

So  I  came  to  the  house  of  our  Friend  Lewis  Davies  [David,  of  Llan- 
ddewi  Velfrey],  who  gladly  received  me  in  the  Lord.  Staying  there 
some  time  they  lent  me  a  horse  to  go  to  a  meeting  at  Redstone  [about 
a  mile  north  of  Narberth  Castle],  and  I  left  my  own  horse  behind  me, 
thinking  he  might  rest  for  some  days  after  my  hard  riding.  When  I 
came  to  the  place  the  meeting  was  out  of  doors,  there  being  no  house 
that  I  knew  of  that  could  contain  the  multitude  of  people.  When  we 
came  to  the  meeting  Meredith  Edwards,  whom  Friends  judged  unfit 
to  preach  the  Gospel,  had  the  confidence  to  speak  to  the  people  till 
they  were  weary  of  him,  and  those  that  were  sensible  were  burthened 
by  him  ;  after  some  time  there  stood  up  a  Friend  and  silenced  him. 
I  sate  as  a  stranger  among  them.  The  Lord  was  with  us  ;  His  good 
presence  was  our  comfort  and  satisfaction  ;  and  after  some  time  I  had 
an  opportunity  to  open  to  the  people  those  things  that  belong  to  their 

1  Francis  Gawler  :  A  Record  of  some  Persecutions,  1659,  p.  21. 
*  Davies  :   op.  cii.  p.  115. 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  13 

eternal  salvation  ;  and  having  concluded  the  meeting  in  prayer  this 
man,  M.  Edwards  aforesaid,  stood  up  again  and  preached  to  the  people, 
and  I  turned  my  back  and  came  away  and  the  Friends,  with  most 
part  of  the  people,  followed  me. 

As  I  was  coming  out  a  Friend  came  and  told  me  there  were  two 
soldiers  (I  understood  afterwards  they  were  the  two  sons  of  a  priest) 
that  had  brought  my  horse  there  some  [2J]  miles.  When  I  saw  my 
horse  I  drew  nigh  to  them  and  asked  them  who  brought  my  horse 
there.  They  asked  me  whether  I  was  the  man  that  came  from  Bristol. 
I  said  I  was.  '  Then,'  said  they,  '  you  are  the  man  we  look  for.'  I 
asked  them  by  what  authority  they  came  or  what  warrant  they  had, 
and  they  showed  me  their  swords  and  pistols.  I  told  them  such  war- 
rants highwaymen  had.  Then  I  asked  them  how  they  durst  venture 
so  among  such  a  company.  They  said  they  knew  we  were  peaceable 
men,  and  would  not  resist ;  otherwise  they  would  have  brought  greater 
force.  I  told  Friends  '  We  are  not  bound  to  obey  them,'  and  desired 
Friends  to  part,  and  leave  only  two  or  three  with  me  ;  but  Friends' 
love  was  so  great  to  me  that  they  kept  mostly  in  a  body  about  me. 
So  I  desired  the  Friend  to  take  my  saddle  and  bridle,  that  was 
upon  the  Friend's  horse  that  I  rid  to  the  meeting  on,  and  put  them 
upon  my  own  horse.  So  I  got  upon  my  horse  and  bid  them  lay  their 
hands  off  my  horse,  for  I  feared  not  their  swords  nor  pistols  ;  but  if 
they  had  a  warrant  from  any  justice  of  peace  or  lawiul  magistrate 
within  the  county  I  would  obey  it.  Then  they  let  my  horse  go,  and  I 
turned  a  little  aside,  and  saw  them  lay  hold  of  the  other  man,  M. 
Edwards  (I  could  not  call  him  a  Friend,  because  he  was  not  guided 
by  a  right  spirit),  and  I  turned  myself  to  them  again,  and  told  them 
that  if  any  justice  of  peace  or  any  lawful  magistrate  within  the  county 
had  anything  to  say  to  me  that  came  from  Bristol,  they  should  hear  of 
me  at  the  house  of  William  Bateman,  in  Haverfordwest.  I  told  them 
my  business  would  require  some  stay  in  the  country  ;  so  they  let  us 
go  pretty  friendly  ;  and  I  had  several  brave  meetings  in  Haverfor- 
west  and  other  places  in  the  county. 

The  last  I  had  was  at  Ponchison  [Puncheston]  among  the  Welsh. 
They  having  notice  of  a  Welshman  coming  to  keep  a  meeting  in  those 
parts,  many  came  to  that  meeting,  and  good  service  I  had  for  the 
Lord,  His  truth  being  declared  in  their  own  language  to  them.  We  had 
the  meeting  out  of  doors,  and  I  stood  with  my  back  towards  Thomas 
Simmon's  [Simon's]  wall  of  his  house.  I  was  young  and  strong  and  my 
voice  was  heard  to  the  steeplehouse,  and  most  of  them  came  out  to 
hear  me,  and  very  few  came  out  with  the  priest  when  he  had  done. 
When  the  priest  saw  such  a  multitude  he  was  moved  to  passion,  and 
would  have  had  the  constable  take  me  down.  It  was  reported  some 
said  to  the  priest  they  would  not  take  me  down  for  I  preached  Christ 
and  the  Gospel  to  them,  and  they  would  have  him  come  and  learn  of 
me  himself.     I  was  informed  that  the  priest's  wife  and  two  of  his 


14  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

daughters  were  at  the  meeting,  and  were  very  loving  and  tender,  and 
came  to  be  convinced  of  the  truth.  The  Lord  was  not  wanting  to  us  ; 
His  life,  power,  and  good  presence  was  with  us,  and  that  meeting  was 
the  last  I  had  in  Pembrokeshire  at  that  time.  The  Friends  of  that 
count}-  were  very  loving  and  careful  of  Friends  that  came  from  far 
to  visit  them.   .   .   . 

As  for  M.  Edwards,  the  two  men  before  mentioned  took  him 
before  a  justice  ;  the  justice  would  have  been  moderate  to  him,  and 
would  have  showed  him  kindness,  but  he,  by  his  ungoverned  temper, 
provoked  the  justice  to  passion,  so  that  he  committed  him  to  the  House 
of  Correction  as  a  vagrant  for  three  months  to  the  great  trouble  of 
Friends. 

Richard  Davies  came  to  Pembrokeshire  a  second  time 
about  1668.  He  says^  that  hearing  Thomas  Ellis  and 
others  had  been  arrested  at  Aberystwyth  and  sent  to 
Cardigan  Gaol, 

I  found  much  love  in  my  heart  towards  them,  even  so  as  to  go  to 
the  magistrates  of  the  county,  to  offer  myself  a  prisoner  instead.  .  . 
that  they  might  go  home  to  visit  their  families.  I  acquainted  my  wife 
of  my  exercise,  which  came  pretty  close  to  her  ;  but  she  likewise  in 
love,  after  a  little  consideration,  gave  me  up  for  that  service.  So 
in  a  few  days  I  took  my  journey,  and  went  first  to  Thomas  Ellis's 
house  to  visit  his  wife  and  family  before  I  went  farther  ;  his  house 
being  about  twenty-four  miles  from  Welshpool,  and  not  far  out  of  my 
way  towards  Cardiganshire.  There  I  very  unexpectedly  met  T.  Ellis 
himself  at  home  ;  he  told  me  they  were  all  discharged  out  of  prison.  .  . 
And  now  my  service  being  farther  for  Pembrokeshire,  T.  Ellis  was 
willing  to  accompany  me  in  my  journey  ;  and  we  went  to  Aberystwyth. 

Of  what  befel  them  there  and  at  Lampeter,  and  of 
their  hardship  on  the  way  to  Cardigan,  there  is  no  need 
to  speak.     From  Cardigan,  Davies  says, 

We  had  a  Friend  for  our  guide  towards  Pontchison  in  Pembroke- 
shire, but  we  were  benighted,  and  it  rained  ;  our  guide  lost  his  way,  and 
we  wandered  up  and  down  among  the  peat  or  turf  pits  and  other  danger- 
ous places,  but  the  Lord  preserved  us  out  of  them  all.  At  length  we 
came  to  Pontchison,  but  it  being  dark  we  did  not  know  the  house 
where  our  Friend,  that  we  intended  to  go  to,  lived  ;  but  I  spoke  to 
our  guide  to  see  where  the  steeple-house  door  was,  and  he  brought 
us  to  it  ;  then  I  told  them  the  Friend's  house  was  opposite  to  it  ;  for 
I  remembered  when  I  had  a  meeting  there  my  back  was  against  the  wall 

1  Davies,  op.  cit.  p.  124. 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  15 

of  the  house,  and  my  face  towards  the  steeple-house  door.  So  we  went 
forwards,  and  found  the  house.  I  desired  T.  ElUs  to  call  and  tell  them 
that  there  were  some  Friends  that  had  lost  their  way,  and  desired  to 
have  lodging  there  that  night.  They,  being  in  bed,  answered  they 
thought  that  no  good  Friends  were  out  at  that  time  of  the  night.  T. 
ElUs  reasoned  a  little  with  them,  but  still  they  were  not  willing  to 
rise  and  let  us  in.  At  last  I  called  to  the  Friend,  whose  name  was 
Thomas  Simmons,  and  to  his  wife,  and  desired  them  to  rise  and  let 
us  come  in.  He  asked  me  who  was  there.  I  told  him  in  Welsh,  Richard 
Davies  was  there.  '  What,'  said  he,  '  Richard  Davies  of  Welshpool  ?  ' 
I  told  him  I  was  the  man.  Thereupon  the  tender  loving  Friends 
hastily  came  down  and  let  us  into  their  house,  and  we  were  satisfied 
in  the  love  of  God.   .   .   . 

Hence  we  went  to  Haverfordwest,  and  so  through  all  the  meetings 
in  that  county  till  we  came  to  Pontchison  again,  and  had  a  meeting 
there,  where  there  came  many  Friends,  both  Welsh  and  English,  so 
that  the  house  could  not  contain  us,  and  we  had  the  meeting  out  of 
doors  in  the  street,  and  I  declared  the  word  of  the  Lord  to  them  both 
in  Welsh  and  English. 

On  their  way  home  Davies  and  Ellis  had  a  meeting  at 
Newcastle  Emlyn,  whither  they  were  accompanied  by 
James  Lewis  (of  Llanddewi),  Peregrine  Musgrave/  and 
other  Friends. 

John  Burnyeat,  another  of  the  '  first  publishers  of 
truth,'  visited  Pembrokeshire,  alone  or  with  John  ap 
John,  in  1667,  1668,  1669,  1675,  and  1676,  but  as  his 
Journal  is  very  summary,  we  know  nothing  more  of 
his  visits  than  that  he  had  many  '  blessed  '  or  '  precious  ' 
meetings.  The  same  adjectives  are  used  by  Hugh  Ro- 
berts, of  Pennsylvania,  to  describe  the  meetings  that  he 
had  at  Haverfordwest  and  Redstone  during  a  visit  paid 
to  the  mother-land  in  1697. 

1  Ernestus  Musgrave,  an  Englishman,  who  settled  in  Cardiganshire 
during  the  Civil  War,  was  employed  by  the  Cromwellian  Commissioners 
for  the  Propagation  of  the  Gospel.  His  son.  Peregrine,  born  on  January 
4th,  1644,  started  business  as  a  mercer  in  the  Parish  of  St.  Martin, 
Haverfordwest,  where  he  joined  the  Quakers.  He  married  on  Sept. 
29th,  1674,  Alice,  the  daughter  of  Lewis  David,  Llanddewi  Velfrey. 
He  died  at  Haverfordwest  on  May  14th,  1712,  and  was  buried  at  East 
Hook.  His  sister,  Elinor,  married  George  Painter  of  Broomhill,  Dale, 
from  whom  Lewis  Weston  Dillwyn,  the  founder  of  the  famous  Cambrian 
Pottery  Works  at  Swansea,  was  descended. — Article  by  Mr.  Francis 
Green  on  '  The  Musgraves  of  Llanina  '  in  West  Wales  Hist.  Records, 
Vol.  IV.,  p.  193. 


i6  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

The  persecution  of  the  Quakers  began  during  the 
Commonwealth,  for  the  Puritans  who  demanded  freedom 
of  worship  for  themselves  under  Charles  denied  it  to 
others  under  Cromwell.  Cromwell  himself  was  not  un- 
friendly. In  1654,  when  Fox,  arrested  in  the  country, 
was  sent  up  to  him,  the  two  men  had  a  long  and  serious 
talk,  at  the  end  of  which  the  man  of  war  dismissed  the 
man  of  peace  with  the  words,  '  Come  again  to  my  house, 
for  if  thou  and  I  were  but  an  hour  a  day  together  we  should 
be  nearer  one  to  the  other.' 

There  was  no  persecution  in  Pembrokeshire  till  after 
the  death  of  the  Protector.  There  was  much  during  the 
next  thirty  years,  but  exactly  how  much  it  is  impossible 
to  tell,  for  Besse  too  often  gives  the  sufferer  a  name 
without  a  local  habitation.  The  context  sometimes 
warrants  more  or  less  confident  guesses.  If  my  guesses 
are  right  (and  they  may  exclude  wrongly  as  many  as 
they  include  wrongly)  the  number  who  suffered  in  the 
county  was  about  iio,^  and  the  number  of  the  sufferings 
was — 

Imprisonment  for  attending  meetings,  about  . .  48 

Imprisonment  for  absence  from  church          . .  . ,  8 

Imprisonment  for  refusing  to  take  the  oath  of  allegi- 

iance                 . .          , .         . .          . .          . ,  . .  8 

Imprisonment  for  refusing  to  remove  the  hat  . .  3 

Imprisonment  for  standing  in  church             . .  . .  2 

Imprisonment  after  excommunication            . .  . .  3 

Excommunicated  for  2d.           . .          . .          . .  . .  i 

Died  in  prison     . .          , .          . .          . .          . .  . .  i 

Excessive    distraint    for    fines    (for    absence  from 

church,  etc.)     .  .          . .          . .          . .          . .  •  •  15 

Excessive  distraint  for  tithes    .  .          .  .          .  .  . .  90 

Excessive  distraint  for  church  dues  (repairs,  etc.)      . .  3 

Excessive  distraint  for  arms  and  munitions  . .  8 

Beaten  without  law        .  .          . .          . .          . .  . .  3 

1  For  their  names  see  Appendix  I. 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  17 

A  complete  list  of  the  sufferers  with  particulars  of  their 
sufferings  would  be  monotonous,  but  the  following  ex- 
amples quoted  from  Besse  should  be  interesting  : — 

Anno  1659.  James  Jones  was  committed  to  the 
House  of  Correction  by  the  Mayor^  of  Haverfordwest, 
for  standing  before  the  Minister  in  the  Steeple-house 
there,  to  the  Amazement  both  of  him  and  the  People, 
as  the  Warrant  of  Commitment  expressed  it.  For 
the  like  case  William  Thomas,  of  Llandey  [Llanddewi 
Velfrey]  in  Pembrokeshire,  was  also  imprisoned.  .  .  . 

In  this  year  Elizabeth  Holmes  [Holme]  ^  preached 
at  many  large  meetings  in  Pembrookshire  ;  at  one 
of  which  Meetings  Adam  Hawkins,'  Priest  of  Haver- 
fordwest, was  present,  and  made  at  first  some 
Opposition,  but  at  length,  being  overcome  by  the 
Power  of  Truth,  confessed  that  he  did  believe  her 
to  be  a  Woman  that  converted  many  Souls  to  God, 
and  told  her,  if  she  would  come  to  his  Parish,  he 
would  give  her  Opportunity  of  speaking  to  the 
People.  A  short  Time  after,  she,  accompanied  with 
Alice  Burkett  [Birkett],  went  thither,  where  they  had 
a  large  Meeting  at  the  House  of  William  Bateman,* 
but  were  taken  thence  by  Officers,  and  brought 
before  the  Mayor  and  another  Justice,  who  sent 
them  to  the  House  of  Correction,  where  the  Keeper 

1  The  mayor  was  Lewis  Barron.  The  '  other  justice  '  was  Thomas 
Davies  (or  Davids),  who  was  sheriff  in  1639,  and  mayor  in  1652. 

2  Elizabeth  Holme  (Leavens)  was  the  wife  of  Thomas.  She  and 
Alice  Birkett  of  Kendal  were  two  of  the  early  missionaries. 

3  Adam  Hawkins  was  vicar  of  St.  Mary's  from  1656  to  1679.  Gawler 
says  that  Hawkins  first  heard  Mrs.  Holme  '  in  a  meeting  at  Thomas 
Barrett's  house  in  Tenbigh,'  where  he  '  came  with  two  Bibles  under 
his  arm.' 

*  Bateman  was  one  of  the  chief  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire,  and 
belonged  to  one  of  the  chief  families  of  Haverfordwest.  Between 
1605  and  1750  the  office  of  mayor  of  the  town  was  filled  thirteen  times, 
and  the  office  of  sheriff  of  the  town  and  county  thirteen  times  by  a 
Bateman.  No  other  name  appears  so  often  in  the  lists  of  mayors  and 
sheriffs.  Gawler  says  that  some  of  the  magistrates,  '  formerly 
adherent  to  Charles  Stuart,'  had  '  an  enmity  against  '  William 
Bateman  because  he  had  been  '  all  along  well-affected  to  the  honest 
party'  (the  Puritans). 

B 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

at  first  talked  roughly  to  them,  but  afterward,  ob- 
serving their  Christian  and  innocent  Deportment, 
became  very  loving  and  kind,  permitting  them  to 
have  Meetings  in  the  Prison,  where  they  were  kept 
about  fourteen  days  till  the  Quarter  Sessions.  In 
their  Imprisonment,  Hawkins  the  Priest,  came  to 
them,  pretending  he  had  no  Hand  in  their  Commit- 
ment, for  which  Deceit  they  reproved  him,  knowing 
that  he  had  influenced  the  Magistrates  on  that 
Occasion.  At  Sessions  they  were  called,  and  one  of 
the  Justices  who  committed  them  [Davies],  being 
informed  how  the  Priest  had  attempted  to  wipe  off 
from  himself  the  Imputation  of  their  Imprisonment, 
openly  said  that  the  Priest  would  not  let  the  Justices 
be  quiet,  till  they  sent  them  to  Prison,  So  the 
Justices  gave  the  Priest  a  public  Reprimand  for 
his  Hypocrisy,  and  set  the  Women  at  lyiberty. 
But  a  few  Days  after,  the  Mayor,  whom  Alice  Burket 
had  displeased  by  some  Words  she  spake  to  him  in 
the  Street,  sent  her  again  to  Bridewell,  and  after 
she  had  been  there  two  Days,  sent  her  out  of  the 
Town  by  a  Pass,  but  she  had  not  gone  far  before 
the  Officers  left  her  to  go  whither  she  would. — Vol. 
I.,  p.  741. 

Anno  1661. — In  Pembrookshire,  on  the  6th  of  the 
month  called  August,  Lewis  David  and  Susan  his 
Wife,  James  Lewis,  Alice  Lewis,  Evan  John,  and 
William  Thomas  [all]  of  Llandewy  [Llanddewi  Velf rey] 
were  committed  to  Prison  till  the  next  Assizes, 
where  they  were  required  to  give  Security  that  they 
would  not  go  to  any  more  Meetings,  which  refusing 
to  do,  they  were  recommitted.  Soon  after,  ten 
others  were  sent  to  the  same  Prison,  viz.,  Thomas 
Simons^  [of  Puncheston],  and  Jane  his  Wife,  with 


1  Ursula  was  the  daughter  of  Thomas.  Of  the  David  and  Francis 
Simons  mentioned  elsewhere  as  suffering  for  their  faith,  the  first  was 
certainly  the  son  of  Thomas,  and  there  seems  no  reason  for  doubting 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  19 

their  three  Sons,  Hugh,  John,  and  Evan  ;  Ursula 
Simons,  Laurence  Edward  [?  Puncheston],  Henry 
Edward,  David  Edward,  and  Margaret  Edward. 
The  Usage  they  met  with  was  very  cruel,  being 
imprisoned  among  Felons  and  Murderers,  who  took 
away  their  Food,  pickt  their  Pockets,  and  many 
Ways  abused  them  :  The  Hardships  they  endured  in 
Winter  for  want  of  Fire,  having  no  Place  to  make 
any  in,  was  very  pinching  to  several  of  them,  who 
were  both  aged  and  sickly,  and  had  their  Hands  and 
Feet  much  swelled,  and  their  Bodies  looking  black  : 
This  they  endured  two  Winters,  and  after  about 
eighteen  Months  Imprisonment  were  brought  to 
Trial  at  the  Assizes,  where  the  Evidence  against 
them  was  found  insufficient  to  convict  them  of 
being  at  the  Meeting  for  which  they  were  indicted  ; 
wherefore  the  Jury  acquitted  them,  and  they  were 
speedily  after  discharged  from  their  long  unjust 
Confinement. 

On  the  2ist  of  September,  William  Bateman  and 
Sarah  his  Wife,  James  Jones,  Henry  Relief  and 
Elizabeth  his  Wife,  Morgan  Eyron  [?  Eynon],  and 
Joane  his  Wife,  all  of  Haverford-West,  were  taken  at  a 
Meeting,  and  refusing  to  give  Bail  that  they  woiild 
have  no  more  such  Meetings,  were  committed  to 
Prison,  and  kept  their  [sic]  till  the  Assizes  a  Year 
after,  where  the  Men  were  fined  5/.  a  piece,  and  the 
Women  five  marks  each,  for  Non-payment  of  which 
they  were  sent  to  Bridewell,  except  William  Bate- 
man, whose  Fine  they  levied  by  Distress  of  hi-s 
Goods. — Vol.  I.,  p.  747. 

....  Edmund  Williams,   David  Simonds,   John 

that  the  second  was  also.  Thomas  married  Catherine,  the  daughter 
of  WiUiam  Probert  of  Trevigan  in  the  parish  of  Llanrhian,  so  that  he 
must  have  been  twice  married  if  Besse's  '  Jane  '  is  correct.  He  died 
in  1673,  and  was  buried  at  Puncheston.  His  son  Hugh  married  Anne 
Thomas  of  Llanddewi  Velfrey,  and  another  son  Evan,  who  married 
Jane,  the  daughter  of  David  John,  died  in  1682,  and  was  also  buried 
at  Puncheston. — Information  supplied  by  Mr.  Francis  Green. 


20  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

Howel,  and  Richard  Poole  were  taken  at  a  meeting 
in  the  House  of  William  Bateman  in  Haverford- 
West,  and  committed  to  the  Town-Gaol,  and  two 
Days  after,  being  brought  before  the  Magistrates, 
the}"  sent  the  former  three  to  the  House  of  Correction 
and  ordered  Richard  Poole  to  remain  in  Prison  till 
the  Wind  served  to  send  him  to  Ireland,  where  he 
dwelt,  and  then  to  be  whipped  and  sent  thither.  ,  .  . 
—Vol.  I.,  p.  748. 

Anno  1662. — On  the  8th  of  September,  James 
Picton^  was  committed  to  Carmarthen  Castle,  under 
Sentence  of  Premunire  for  refusing  to  Swear,  and 
from  thence,  after  four  Months,  removed  to  the 
Gaol  at  Haverford-West,  where  he  remained  Prisoner 
many  Years. — Vol.  I.,  p.  748. 

Owen  Ellis  .  .  .  was  also  excommunicated  for 
refusing  to  pay  2d.  for  a  Demand  of  Tithe  for  Cheese. 
— Vol.  I.,  p.  749. 

Anno  1672. — In  this  Year,  by  King  Charles  the 

Second  his  Letters  Patent,  were  discharged 

out  of  Carmarthen  Castle,  James  Picton,  who  had 
lain  in  close  Confinement  there  ten  Years  under 
Sentence  of  Premunire. — Vol.  I.,  p.  755. 

Anno  1662. — In  the  Month  called  August,  Nell 
Woolford,^  Mary  Edoe,  Elizabeth  Luntly,  Nell 
Griffith,  and  Catherine  Lockier,  all  of  Haverford- 
West,  were  brought  before  the  Judge  of  Assize,  who 
committed  them  to  close  Prison  for  refusing  to 
take  the  Oath  of  Allegiance. 

In  September,  Humphry  Williams  and  Rebecca 
his  Wife,  Abigail,  the  Wife  of  William  Gray,  John 
Howel,  and  Rebecca  Williams,  jun.,  as  they  were 


1  James  Picton  belonged  to  Swansea,  a  Quaker  stronghold  down 
to  the  igth  century.  He  wrote  A  just  plea  against  Swearing  and  against 
the  National  Worship  of  England  (London,  1663). 

2  A  Wolford  was  mayor  three  times,  and  sheriff  four  times  between 
1655  and  1695  ;   an  Eddowe  was  sheriff  in  1661. 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  2i 

going  to  a  Meeting  in  Haverford-West,  were  taken 
in  the  Street,  and  imprisoned  some  Days. — Vol.  I., 
p.  749. 

Anno  1663.— William  Fortune,  John  Davis,  and 
Humphry  Williams,  were  imprisoned  some  Days  in 
the  Month  called  April,  for  appearing  at  the  Assizes 
in  Pembrookshire  with  their  hats  on. — Vol.    I.,    p. 

750- 

Anno  1666.— In  this  Year  Hugh  Lloyd,  of  Haver- 
ford-West, died  a  Prisoner  for  his  Testimony  against 
Swearing  :  For  which  cause  also,  Edward  Lord^  was 
a  Prisoner  at  Haverford-West.  And  in  the  same 
Year  Hugh  Simonds  and  Laurence  Edwards  were 
committed  to  Prison  for  Absence  from  the  National 
Worship. — Vol.  I.,  p.  751. 

Anno  1670. — In  this  Year  also,  many  of  this 
People  suffered  very  grievous  and  exorbitant  Dis- 
tresses for  their  religious  Meetings,  of  which  we  have 
the  following  Instances,  viz.  : — 

I.  Thomas  Simonds,  of  Pincheston  in  Pembrook- 
shire, for  suffering  Meetings  at  his  House,  had  his 
Cattle  taken  away  at  one  Time  worth  24I.,  which 
were  sold  for  8/.  At  another  Time,  some  Household 
Goods  of  his  worth  26s.  were  sold  for  7s.  And  at 
another  Time,  Corn,  Hay,  and  Thatch,  taken  from 
him  to  the  value  of  20/.,  were  sold  for  5/.,  of  which 
one  Third  was  ordered  at  Sessions  to  be  given  to 
the  Poor,  but  they,  conscious  of  the  Sufferer's 
Innocence,  from  whose  Charity  they  had  often  found 
Relief,  refused  to  receive  any  of  that  Money  when 
tendered  them. 

II.  William  Thomas,  of  Llandewy,  being  fined 
5s.,  was  met  on  the  Highway  by  the  chief  Constable, 
a  petty  Constable,  and  an  Informer,  who  demanded 
the  Horse  he  rode  upon  ;  he  asking  for  their  Warrant, 

1  Of  Rudbaxton.     In  1675  he  was  fined  £5  for  refusing  to  be  sworn 
in  as  bailiff,  and  twice  suffered  excessive  distraint  for  tithes. 


22  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

was  answered  with,  Sirrah,  do  you  question  the 
King's  Power  ?  And  at  the  same  Time  was  struck 
on  the  Head  and  Shoulders  with  a  great  Staff,  and 
pluckt  from  his  Horse,  the  Constables  looking  on, 
but  not  daring  to  gainsay  the  Act  of  their  Master,  the 
Informer.  The  Horse  was  taken  away  for  a  5s. 
Fine,  and  afterwards  sold  for  3/.  is.  ^d.  Beside 
which,  they  took  from  him  a  Pan  worth  i/.  is. 

III.  Lewis  David,  for  20I.  Fine,  had  his  Corn  and 
Hay  seized  to  the  Value  of  25/.  and  sold  for  8^.,  being 
all  the  Effects  he  had  in  the  County  of  Pembrook, 
but  he  having  an  House  and  Land  in  Carmarthen- 
shire, the  Justices  sent  a  Certificate  thither,  by 
which  his  Cattle,  Corn,  Hay,  and  Bedding  there, 
were  seized  to  the  Value  of  36/.  more,  which  the^^ 
also  sold  for  8/.,  so  that  having  taken  the  Value  of 
61I.  for  a  Fine  of  20I.  they  yet  pretended  to  want 
4I.  of  their  first  demand. — Vol.  I.,  p.  752. 

Towards  the  end  of  the  reign  of  Charles  II.,  the  sufferers 
heard  that  there  was,  across  the  sea,  a  pleasant  land  where 
they  could  enjoy  freedom  of  worship,  where  the  atmos- 
phere was  Friendly,  and  where  fertile  farms  could  be 
had  almost  for  the  asking.  This  pleasant  land  was 
Pennsylvania,^  owned  and  ruled  by  the  Quaker  of  highest 
social  standing,  William  Penn. 

Penn's  father,  the  great  admiral  Sir  William,  had  died 
leaving  him  a  claim  against  the  Government  of  nearly 
£15,000 — money  lent  and  salary  unpaid.  The  son, 
anxious  to  find  a  place  where  the  prisoners  could  be  at 
rest  and  hear  no  more  the  voice  of  the  oppressor,  asked 

1  Penn  had  intended  calling  his  province  New  Wales,  because  it 
was  mountainous  and  also,  perhaps,  because  that  name  would  continue 
the  chain  of  New  England,  New  Amsterdam  (New  York),  and  New 
Jersey.  The  secretary  of  the  Privy  Council,  however,  being  an  Epis- 
copalian Welshman,  objected  to  even  a  verbal  connection  between 
his  native  land  and  a  Quaker  settlement.  Penn,  therefore,  remember- 
ing that  the  country  was  wooded  as  well  as  mountainous,  suggested 
Sylvania.  To  this  the  King  proposed  to  prefix  Penn  in  honour  of  the 
admiral.  The  admiral's  son  demurred,  but  he  was  over-ruled,  and 
Pensylvania  was  finally  fixed  on. 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  23 

the  King  to  give  him,  as  payment,  a  tract  of  unoccupied 
land  in  America.  Charles,  whose  treasury  was  often 
empty,  thought  a  grant  of  uncounted  miles  which  brought 
him  nothing  (and  which  in  strict  justice  did  not  belong 
to  him)  would  be  an  easy  release  from  a  troublesome 
debt,  so  Penn  obtained  (on  5th  March,  1681)  the  charter 
which  he  sought. 

Without  settlers  the  province  would  have  been  as  value- 
less to  him  as  it  had  been  to  the  King,  and  settlers  were 
accordingly  invited.  Of  the  Nonconformists  who  natur- 
ally accepted  the  invitation  none  accepted  more  readily 
and  freely  than  the  Quakers,  and  of  the  Quakers  none 
more  readily  and  freely  than  the  Welsh.  Their  persecution 
having  been  specially  severe,  their  desire  for  liberty  and 
peace  was  specially  keen.  It  was  also  their  desire  to  pre- 
serve their  nationality  :  they  were  willing  to  live  near  the 
English  settlers,  but  did  not  want  to  live  amongst  them. 

They  sent  a  committee  of  a  dozen  of  their  leading  men 
(of  whom  Lewis  David  of  Llanddewi  Velfrey  was  one)  to 
represent  their  views  to  Penn.  When  they  met  him  in 
London  they  found  him  quite  compliant.  He  promised 
to  give  them  exclusive  title  to  a  barony  where  they  ;ould 
keep  up  their  old  language  and  their  old  customs,  and 
they  promised  to  try  to  dispose  of  40,000  or  more  acres. 
Seven  '  companies  '  of  them  bought  30,000  acres  almost 
at  once,  the  remainder  being  afterwards  sold  in  smaller 
lots  to  individuals.  The  only  '  company  '  which  con- 
cerns us  immediately  was  headed  by  Lewis  David,  who 
paid  £60  for  a  lot  of  3000  acres  (conveyed  to  him  by  deed 
dated  March  2nd,  1681^).  He  in  turn  (by  deeds  dated 
May,  1682)  conveyed 

500  acres  to  William  Howell  of  Castlebythe, 

1000  acres  to  Henry  Lewis  of  Redstone, 

500  acres  to  Rees  Rotheroe  of  Llanwenog,  Cardigan- 
shire, 

1  The  facts  respecting  the  dealings  in  land  are  summarised  from  C. 
H.  Browning's  Welsh  Settlement  of  Pensylvania.  (Browning  gives  a 
reason  for  this  spelling  of  the  name.) 


24  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

250  acres  to  Evan  Thomas  of  Llanycefn,  and 
250  acres  to  Maurice  Scourfield  of  Narberth/ 

retaining  the  remaining  500  acres  for  himself.  He  did 
not  emigrate  till  about  1690,  and  when  he  did  he  left  some 
of  his  children  behind.  After  holding  a  prominent  posi- 
tion in  the  settlement  he  died  in  March,  1708,  and  was 
buried  at  Merion. 

The  settlers  had  frequent  dealings  in  land  among 
themselves  ;  by  1702  there  had  been  so  many  changes 
in  the  holdings  and  the  holders  that  a  new  surve}^  became 
necessary.  This  showed  that  parts  of  the  original  grant 
to  Lewis  David  were  then  occupied  by — 

1.  David  Hugh  (of  whom  I  know  nothing  more). 

2.  Henry,    John    David,    and    Nathan   Thomas,    who 

who  may  have  been  related  to  William  Thomas 
of  lylanddewi. 

3.  John  Lewis,  sen.,  and  John  Lewis,  jun.,  who  prob- 

ably belonged  to  the  Llanddewi  family. 

4.  Richard  Hayes,  who  is  said  to  have  come     from 

Ilmiston  (?  Uzmaston). 

5.  Maurice  Llewellyn  of  Castlebythe,  and 

6.  David   Rees    (probably   the   David    Rice   of   '  near 

Redstone,'  in  Glenn's  list). 

Henry  Lewis  of  Redstone,  by  deed  dated  May  loth, 
1682,  bought  for  £25  1000  acres  on  which  he  settled  soon 
afterwards.  In  1684  he  sold  250  acres  to  John  Lewis, 
and  in  1695,  Henry  Lewis,  jun.,  sold  100  acres  to  John 
Lewis,  jun.,  and  50  acres  to  Richard  Hayes.  Hayes  had 
already  bought  50  acres  from  William  Howell,  and  160 
from  John  Burge,  clothier,  of  Haverfordwest,  who  also 
sold  250  acres  to  William  Kelly,  weaver,  of  the  same  town. 

Henry  Lewis,  sen.,  called  his  new  home  by  the  Welsh 

1  Maurice  Scourfield,  dying  in  1682,  did  not  emigrate.  John,  son  to 
him  and  Dorothy,  daughter  of  Henry  Bowen  of  Haverfordwest,  con- 
veyed these  250  acres,  by  deed  dated  April  22nd,  1699,  to  Owen  Tho- 
mas. (This  is  an  inference  made  with  the  aid  of  information  from  Mr. 
Francis  Green,  from  the  contradictory  statements  of  Mr.  Browning 
and  Mr.  Glenn.) 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  25 

name  of  his  old  home,  Maencoch.^  He  held,  at  one  time 
or  other,  nearly  every  possible  office,  civil  or  religious, 
in  the  community.  His  will,  made  in  1688,  and  witnessed 
by  Lewis  David,  Griffith  Owen,  and  Thomas  Ellis,  was 
proved  in  1705.  He  left  Maencoch  to  his  wife  (Margaret 
Protheroe,  whom  he  had  married  in  1670),  and  after 
her  to  his  sons  Henry  and  Lewis.  He  also  provided  for 
his  son  Samuel,  and  for  his  daughter  Elizabeth  (who  had 
married  Richard  Hayes,  jun.,  in  1697). 

Richard  Hayes,  sen.,  said  to  be  of  Ilmiston  (?  Uzmas- 
ton),  and  his  wife  Issett,  are  described  as  '  aged  Friends  ' 
when  they  left  Pembrokeshire  in  1687.  He  died  in  1697 
leaving  his  estate  to  his  wife,  and  after  her  to  his  son 
Richard  (who  had  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Henry 
Lewis  of  Redstone).  He  also  gave  legacies  to  his  son 
John,  and  to  his  cousin  Sarah  James.  Richard  Hayes 
jun.,  '  having  received  a  better  education  than  was 
usual  among  the  early  emigrants,  and  being  withal  a 
man  of  excellent  business  qualifications,  was  almost 
constantly  occupied  in  some  public  employment.'  His 
daughter  Hannah  married  in  1727,  James  Jones,  who 
was  born  in  Wales  in  1699. 

William  Jenkins,  '  emasculator,'  of  Tenby,  was  born 
in  1648.  He  married  in  1678  Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  Lewis  Griffith  of  Tenby.  In  1681  he  bought  1000 
acres  which  he  seems  to  have  sold  again,  because,  when 
he  emigrated  in  1685,  he  settled  on  250  acres  which  he 
had  bought  from  John  Poyer  of  Redstone.  In  1698  he 
removed  to  Abington,  where  Jenkinstown  preserves  his 
name  to  this  day.  After  serving  as  justice  and  Member 
of  Assembly  he  died  on  June  7th,  1712. 

The  '  Welsh  Tract  '  is  now  almost  a  part  of  Philadelphia, 
but  the  love  of  the  original  settlers  for  their  hen  wlad 
is   brought   to    mind   by   such   place-names   as   Merion, 

1  Mr.  Glenn,  innocent  of  Welsh,  says  that  Maencoch  was  '  probably 
a  corruption  of  Maenclochog,  a  parish  in  Pembrokeshire,  nine  miles 
from  Narberth.' — Merion,  290. 


26  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

Radnor,  Montgomery,  Bryn  Mawr,  Gwynedd,  Uwchlan, 
Tred5'£fr3-n,  Haverford,  St.  Davids,  and  Narberth  ;  and 
it  is  interesting  for  us  to  note  that  the  farm-house  built 
by  Maurice  Llewellyn  and  called  Castle  Bythe  in  memory 
of  his  Pembrokeshire  home  was  still  standing  a  few  years 
ago.^ 

After  the  passing  of  the  Toleration  Act,  when  zeal  was 
no  longer  fanned  by  persecution,  Quakerism  began  to 
decline,  and  it  has  continued  to  decline  almost  steadily 
ever  since.  To  state  the  various  reasons  why,  so  far  from 
increasing,  it  has  failed  to  maintain  its  numbers  would 
be  irrelevant,  but  I  may  say  that,  while  some  of  them 
were  inherent  in  the  s^^stem,  others  might  have  been  re- 
moved without  damage  to  its  frame- work.  Of  the  causes 
which  were  matters  more  of  policy  than  principle,  the 
chief  was  the  rule  that  any  member  marrying  out  of  the 
body  should  be  disowned.  The  disastrous  effects  of  this 
rule  were  actual  and  potential  :  it  lost  to  the  society 
thousands  of  actual  members,  and,  in  their  children, 
thousands  more  of  potential  members. 

In  Pembrokeshire  all  the  causes  operated  on  a  com- 
munity already  depleted  by  emigration.  The  rapid  loss 
of  strength  after  the  emigration  is  illustrated  by  the 
fact  that,  whereas  between  1682  and  1691  three  of  the 
ten  Yearly  Meetings^  for  Wales  were  held  in  the  county, 
only  five  of  the  ninety-six  between  1692  and  1797  were 
held  in  Pembrokeshire. 

At  the  end  of  the  17th  century  there  were  meetings 
with  or  without  houses  at  Haverfordwest,  Redstone, 
Puncheston,  Jamestown  (near  Manorbier),  Newport,  and 
St.  Davids.  Regular  meetings  were  discontinued  at 
Puncheston  in  1725,  at  Newport  in  1726,  at  St.  Davids 


1  For  the  names  of  some  of  the  emigrants  see  Appendix  II. 
*  The  places  of  meeting  were  :    Redstone,   1682  ;      Haverfordwest, 
1684,  1691,  1715,  1749,  1781  ;    Tenby,  1743  ;    Pembroke,  1766. 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  27 

in  1732,  at  Redstone  in  1766,  and  at  Jamestown  in  1777,^ 
though  meetings  might  be  held  in  the  derelict  chapels  when 
a  travelling  minister  visited  the  county,  and  we  hear  of 
marriages  celebrated  in  them  even  when  they  were  nearly 
roofless.^  In  January,  1714  (and  again  in  June,  1723), 
the  only  meetings  reported  to  be  collecting  for  the 
'  general  service  '  were  Haverfordwest,  Redstone,  James- 
town, and  St.  Davids. 

As  a  kind  of  compensation  for  the  loss  which  the 
Society  suffered  towards  the  end  of  the  17th  century 
by  emigration  to  America,  there  was  a  small  immigration 
from  America  towards  the  end  of  the  i8th  century, 
when  the  Starbucks  and  other  Friends  came  over  to  found 
Milford.^  Their  meeting  was  started  in  the  autumn  of 
1794,  and  their  meeting-house  was  opened  on  March  3rd, 
181 1.  Even  with  this  accession  of  strength  there  were 
only  fourteen  members  in  1829,  and  no  member  had 
been  admitted  '  by  convincement '  since  1800.  I  believe 
that  the  last  member  to  be  so  admitted  was  George 
Phillips  (universally  known  as  '  the  Quaker  '  during  my 
school-days  at  Haverfordwest),  who  was  received  in  1857 
into  the  Society  whose  traditional  virtues  he  fully  ex- 
emplified. 


1  These  dates  are  taken  from  the  Minutes  of  the  Pembrokeshire 
Monthly  Meeting,  now  preserved  in  Devonshire  House. 

2  The  burial  ground  for  the  Redstone  district  is  at  Trewern,  half- 
way between  Llanddewi  Velfrey  and  Whitland  ;  that  for  the  Punches- 
ton  district  at  Martel,  about  half  a  mile  east  of  Little  Newcastle  ; 
and  that  for  the  Haverfordwest  district  on  the  Mount,  Portfield.  A 
good  many  of  the  early  Friends  were  buried  at  West  Hook,  though  I 
do  not  know  why  that  place  was  chosen,  or  whether  the  yard  is  still 
preserved. 

3  As  I  am  dealing  with  the  Pembrokeshire  Quakers,  the  history  of 
these  Americans  is  beside  my  purpose.  It  has  already  been  told  in 
The  Builders  of  Milford  by  Miss  Flora  Thomas,  who  had  access  to  a 
very  interesting  series  of  private  papers. 


28  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

APPENDICES. 


Of  the  sufferers  named^  by  Besse  the  following  certainly 
belonged  to  the  county  of  Pembroke  : — 

Haverfordwest.  William  Bateman  and  his 
wife,  Evan  Bowen  (Prendergast),  John  Burge,  Mary 
Eddowe,  Morgan  Eynon  (Besse  has  *  Eyron  ')  and 
Joan  his  wife,  James  (Gawler  says  '  Jennit ')  Jones, 
Francis  Lloyd  (Prendergast),  Hugh  Lloyd,  Catherine 
Lockyer,  Elizabeth  Luntly,  Peregrine  Musgrave, 
Henry  Relief  and  Elizabeth  his  wife,  James  Thomas, 
Nell  Woolford. 

RuDBAXTON.    Edward  Lord. 

Llanddewi  VeIvFrey.  Lewis  David  and  Susan 
his  wife,  Evan  John,^  Alice  Lewis,  James  Lewis, 
David  Rice,  William  Thomas.^ 

LivAWHADEN.  William  Thomas  (probably  the 
preceding). 

1  Besse,  probably  copying  faithfully  the  names  that  he  found  in 
the  countless  minor  lists  from  which  he  compiled  his  ponderous  record, 
often  gives  several  spellings  of  the  same  name.  In  this  Appendix  I 
give  the  normal  spellings. 

2  William  Thomas  was  a  frequent  sufferer.  Besse  first  mentions 
him  under  the  year  1659  (Vol.  I.,  p.  741),  when  he  was  imprisoned 
for  '  standing  before  the  minister  in  the  steeple-house.'  Gawler 
gives  some  further  particulars  (p.  23)  : — 

'  William  Thomas  of  Llandvey  in  Pembrookshire  for  standing 
witness  against  Stephen  Hughes,  called  minister,  in  the  steeple-house 
of  Llandivilio,  for  which  he  was  apprehended  and  brought  before 
John  Elliot,  called  justice.' 

'  Llandivilio  '  is  Llandissilio,  to  the  living  of  which  David  Jones  was 
instituted  in  1657,  at  the  instigation  of  his  friend,  the  famous  Stephen 
Hughes.     Gawler  adds  : — 

'  Though  this  man,  Stephen  Hughes,  be  accounted  such  a  great 
priest  in  Pembrook  and  Carmarthen  Shires,  yet  here  he  is  made  manifest 
to  be  a  persecutor  and  a  striker,  who  struck  Evan  John  of  the  Parish 
of  Llandeny  in  the  county  aforesaid,  in  the  presence  of  William  Thomas 
and  George  Howel  of  the  said  parish.' 

Though  Gawler  doubtless  thought  that  he  was  writing  the  truth 
we  are  not  bound  to  believe  that  Stephen  Hughes  was  '  a  persecutor 
and  a  striker  '  because  Quakers  who  had  been  victims  to  the  zeal  of 
some  of  the  clergy  were  not  likely  to  examine  the  evidence  critically 
when  they  heard  any  '  priest '  accused  of  harshness. 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  29 

Narberth.     John  Husband,  Evan  Protheroe. 

Redstone.     Thomas  Ellis,  Henry  Lewis. 

RoBESTON  Wathen.     Harry  Lewis,  John  Poyer. 

Tenby.  David  Hitchins,  William  Jenkins,  James 
Lewis.  (Gawler  mentions  Thomas  Barrett  as  a 
Friend  living  here  in  1659.) 

PuNCHESTON.  David  Lawrence,  Thomas  Simons 
and  his  wife  and  their  sons  Hugh,  John,  and  Evan. 

Henry's  Moat.  Evan  Simons  (possibly  the  Evan 
Simons  of  Puncheston). 

SpittaIv.    William  Owen. 

CastIvE  Bythe.    Maurice  Llewelyn,  Mary  Llewelyn. 

Wiston.    James  James. 

Llandissiuo.    Richard  Evan,  George  Lewis. 

LivANYCEFN.    Thomas  Griffith. 

Langolman.    Lewis  James. 

Ii^MiSTON  (?  Uzmaston).     Richard  Hayes. 

Re YN ALTON.    Thomas  Willis. 

Hacsket  (?  Hacket  near  Reynalton),  John  Harris. 

Besse  does  not  say  where  the  following  lived,  but,  as 
they  were  imprisoned  at  Haverfordwest,  we  may  presume 
that  they  lived  in  Pembrokeshire,  except  when  we  know 
them  to  be  visitors  : — 

Henry  Clayton,  Robert  Cornock,  Thomas  David, 
John  Davis,  David  Edward,  Henry  Edward,  Laurence 
Edward,  Margaret  Edward,  Henry  Evan,  William 
Fortune,^  Abigail  the  wife  of  William  Gray,  Howel 


1  William  Fortune  may  have  been  the  father  of  the  George  Fortune 
respecting  whom  the  Men's  Meeting  held  at  Haverfordwest  on  '  the 
1 6th  5"  [July]  1703  '  passed  the  following  curious  resolution  : — 

'  In  as  much  as  we  have  had  information  of  George  Fortune  dis- 
orderly walking  &  y*  he  do  not  in  sevrall  respects  answer  y^  profesion 
he  have  made  of  truth  not  wth  standing  he  have  often  admonished  & 
counseld  by  sevrall  frds  &  in  o'  monthly  meeting  in  y«  3"  last  sent 
2  frds  from  the  meeting  to  advise  him  and  to  let  him  know  y'  frds 
desired  him  to  be  at  y^  meeting  y^  4"  following,  he  not  answering  y^ 
s*^  request  &  slighting  all  advice  &  endeavours  y*  have  been  used  for 
his  good  do  persist  in  his  obstinat  will  &  slights  frds  &  meetings  there- 
fore we  can  not  have  unity  wth  him  or  esteem  him  as  one  of  y''  [our] 
communion  unless  he  repent  &  forsake  y®  evill  of  his  way.' 


30  The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire. 

Griffith,  Rice  Harris,  John  Hilline,  John  Holmes 
(PHolme),  Elizabeth  Howel,  John  Howel,  Thomas 
Kent,  James  Lewis,  John  Lewis,  Griffith  Morgan, 
Maurice  Owen,  Philip  Price,  David  Simons,  Francis 
Simons,  Ursula  Simons,  Richard  White,  Thomas 
William,  David  Williams,  Edmund  Williams,  Hum- 
phry Williams,  and  Rebecca  his  wife,  Rebecca  Wil- 
liams, jun. 

Visitors  :  Alice  Birkett,  Elizabeth  Holme  (?  John 
Holme),  James  Picton,  Richard  Poole. 

The  following  probably  lived  in  the  county  : — 

Maurice  Cole,  John  Evans,  Edward  Griffith,  John 
Griffith,  Joseph  Griffith,  William  Hillay,  David 
Jones,  Griffith  Jones,  Owen  Lewis. 

The  following  possibly  lived  in  the  county  : — 

Arthur  Bewes,  Amos  Davies,  Evan  Davies,  Rice 
Evans,  Maurice  Humphrey,  Elizabeth  John,  Morgan 
John,  Susan  Mansell,  John  Meredith,  Pierce  Morris, 
Philip  Price,  John  Reynolds,  William  Reynolds, 
John  Richards,  Ellis  Roberts,  John  Robins,  John 
Williams. 

2.— C6e  emigrants* 

The  following  names  of  Pembrokeshire  Friends  who 
emigrated  are  taken  from  a  list  (unfortunately  'not 
intended  to  be  exhaustive  ')  in  Glenn's  Welsh  Founders 
of  Pennsylvania  : — 

Haverfordwest.  Janet  Humphries,  maid  to 
George  Painter,  emigrated  1683.  David  Jones, 
husbandman,  em.  1699 — 1700.  Samuel  Jones, 
husbandman  ;  doubtless  the  Samuel  John  con- 
cerning whom  there  is  a  testimony  in  the  '  Memorials 
of  deceased  Ministers.'  He  is  there  said  to  have 
been    born    in    1680,     em.     1709,     d.     16/10/1766 


The  Quakers  of  Pembrokeshire.  31 

Francis  Lloyd  (B),^  shoemaker,  em  c.  1686.  George 
Painter,  em.  1683. 

Llanddewi  VeIvFREy.  Lewis  David  (B).  Rees 
Hent,  yeoman,  em.  1688  ;  returned  to  fetch  his 
family,  1694.  Alice  Lewis  (B),  d.  of  James  Lewis, 
em.  1 710,  m.  Hugh  Evans.  John  Lewis,  yeoman, 
her  brother,  em.  1710.  John  Rice  (given  in  Glenn's 
list  as  from  '  near  Redstone  '),  a  minor,  s.  of  David 
Rice  ;   em.  1696  '  with  the  consent  of  his  parents.' 

Narberth.     John  ScourjBeld. 

Redstone.  Thomas  Ellis  (B),  em.  1683  ;  Francis 
Jones,  em.  171 1  ;  Daniel  Lewis,  em  1701-2  ;  Henry 
Lewis. 

Tenby.    William  Jenkins  (B),  '  emasculator.' 

PuNCHESTON.  David  Lawrence  (B),  em.  1683  with 
Thomas  Ellis,  whose  d.  he  m. 

Castle  Bythe.  William  Howel,  em.  c.  1683. 
Maurice  Llewelyn  (B),  gentleman,  b.  1645,  em. 
1686. 

Li.ANDissii.io.  Francis  Howel,  m.  Margaret  Morti- 
mer, em.  1684,  d.  1696. 

Ilmiston  (PUzmaston).  John  Hayes,  husbandman, 
s.  of  Richard  Hayes,  sen.,  em.  1687  ;  Richard  Hayes, 
sen.  (B),  yeoman,  em.  1687,  d.  at  an  advanced  age 
in  1697  ;  Richard  Hayes,  his  wife  Issett,  and  his 
sons  Richard  and  John. 

L1TT1.E  NewcastIvE.^  Morgan  David,  yeoman,  em. 
before  1694. 

Bayvii,.  James  Rowland,  gentleman,  of  Rhos  y 
Bayvil,  em.  1700  ;  John  Rowland,  his  brother, 
em.  before  1715. 

The  following  are  simply  said  to  be  of  '  co.  Pembroke  '  : 
Griffith  John,  a  minister,  b.  1683,  em,  1709,  d.  1778. 

1  (B)  one  of  the  sufferers  mentioned  by  Besse. 

*  Glenn  says  '  Lithrens  Castle,'  but  I  know  of  no  place  of  that  name 
in  the  county,  and  Little  Newcastle  is  about  as  far  west  as  Castle 
Bythe  is  east  of  the  centre  at  Puncheston,  and  there  is  a  Quaker  burial 
ground  near  it. 


32  The  Qiiakcrs  of  Pembrokeshire. 

John  Lewis  (B),  yeoman,  em.  1683,  d.  1704. 
Thomas  Owen,  yeoman,  em.  before  1692  ;  Philip 
Price  (B),  husbandman,  em.  before  1692  ;  Owen 
Thomas  came  to  Penn.  on  a  visit,  171 9,  and  is  sup- 
posed to  have  stayed  ;  Simeon  Thomas,  husband- 
man, em.  1708. 

The  following  names  mentioned  by  Browning  are  not 
in  Glenn's  list : — 

From  Redstone,    Henry,  Samuel,  and  Elizabeth, 
children  of  Henry  Lewis. 
From  Llangefn.     Owen  Thomas. 

Probably  from  Llanddewi.     Henry,  Nathan,  and 
John  David  Thomas  ;    John  Lewis,  sen.  and  jun. 
Place  unknown.    David  Hugh,  Griffith  Owen. 


Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen 

(Continued  from  Vol.  VIII.^  p.  66.) 

TBaptisms. 


Mar.  27. 
Apr.  15. 
Apr.  22. 
May  8. 
May  9. 
May  23. 
May  23 
May  25 
May  25 
May  26 
Jun    13 
Jun.  21 
Jul.  6. 


1671. 

Mary  d.^  of  Edward  Gower. 

Mary  d.  of  John  Williams,  esq. 

Henry  s.  of  John  Watter. 

Rowland  s.  of  John  Gallon. 

David  s.  of  Gharles  Lenoy. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  John  Okeley,  alderman. 

Evan  s.  of  David  William  of  Priory  Street,  tailor. 

Robert  s.  of  David  Lewis,  tyler,  Priory  Street. 

Elen  d.  of  Thomas  Harry  of  King  Street. 

Sara  d.  of  Mervill  Bevans  of  Dam  Street. 

Evan  s.  of  Thomas  Rees  of  Frances.^ 

Richard  s.  of  Thomas  Rees  of  Frances.* 

Elizabeth  d.  of  Robert  Hugh. 


.  1  A  uniform  system  has  been  adopted  as  in  the  case  of  the  marriage 
entries  of  this  parish,  published  in  the  two  preceding  volumes.  For 
economy  of  space  the  letter  s.  is  used  as  a  contraction  for  son,  and 
the  letter  d.  for  daughter,  and  ds.  for  daughters.  The  early  portions 
of  the  Register  being  in  Latin,  it  has  been  impossible  to  be  certain 
as  to  the  correct  translation  of  several  names  owing  to  the  fact  that 
the  Latin  word  is  often  the  equivalent  of  two  or  more  EngUsh  names. 
Thus  Jacobus  may  mean  James  or  Jacob  ;  Maria  is  the  equivalent  of 
Mary  or  Maria,  while  Riceus  is  indifferently  used  for  Rees,  Rice,  or 
Richard,  though  in  Welsh  documents  it  generally  means  Rees  or  Rice. 
In  the  following  translation  the  words  mentioned  above  have  been 
respectively  translated  James,  Mary,  and  Rees,  unless  there  were 
good  reasons  for  adopting  the  other  synonyms.  In  the  Registers  and 
Transcript  Registers  some  entries  have  been  inserted  out  of  order  of 
date,  but  have  been  in  this  translation  put  in  their  proper  places. 
In  connection  with  the  baptismal  entries  the  reader  should  consult 
Parish  Registers  in  West  Wales,  published  in  West  Wales  Historical 
Records,  Vol.  VII.,  p.  165. 

*  i.e.,  of  the  Franchise.  The  borough  of  Garmarthen  was  divided 
into  five  wards,  namely  King  Street  Ward,  St.  Mary  Street  Ward, 
Gell  Street  Ward,  and  the  Upper  Franchise  and  Lower  Franchise. 
It  is  not  clear  whether  the  Upper  or  the  Lower  Franchise  is  referred 
to  in  this  entry. 


34  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Jul.  13.  Elizabeth  d.  of  David  Davids  of  Dam  Street. 

Jul.  31.  Thomas  s.  of  Thomas  Rees  of  Trevechan. 

Jul.  31.  Thomas  s.  of  Rowland  Moris. 

Jul.  31.  Richard,  s.  of  David  Richard. 

Aug.  6.  Anne  d.  of  Evan  David  Harry  of  Frances.^ 

Aug.  20.  Jonathan  s.  of  Richard  Watkin. 

Sep.  7.  George  s.  of  Evan  Thomas,  glazier. 

Sep.  10.  Matilda  d.  of  Richard  Evans  of  Frances.^ 

Sep.  24.  Nicholas  s.  of  John  Edwards. 

Sep.  24.  Charles  s.  of  Maurice  Harry. 

Sep.  26.  Margaret  d.  of  Jenkin  Rees,  hatter. 

Oct.  1.  William  s.  of  Watkin  John  Gwyn  of  Frances.^ 

Oct.  I.  Katherine  d.  of  David  Rees,  tailor. 

Oct.  I.  John  s.  of  John  Williams,  mason. 

Oct.  I.  Michael  s.  of  Rees  David  of  the  Gorse. 

Oct.  8.  Thomas  s.  of  William  Jones,  drover. 

Oct.  8.  Robert  s.  of  Evan  Morgan, 

Oct.  12.  Thomas  s.  of  Thomas  Bevans,  clerk,  vicar  of  Llandilovaure. 

Oct.  23.  Rees  s.  of  Howell  Rees  of  Frances.^ 

Oct.  28.  Katherine  d.  of  Thomas  Rees,  tucker.  Priory  Street. 

Oct.  31.  Charles  s.  of  John  Williams  of  Foeslase. 

Oct.  31.  James  s.  of  Richard  Woods. 

Nov.  16.  Walter  s.  of  Walter  Harryes,  corvicer. 

Nov.  23.  Richard  s.  of  Thomas  Bowen,  apothecary. 

Nov.  24.  Burgess  s.  of  Richard  Weekes. 

Dec.  5.  Richard  s.  of  Okeley  Leigh. 

Dec.  27.  Robert  s.  of  John  Dempsy. 

Dec.  31.  Amy  d.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Jan.  2.  Robert  s.  of  Grif&th  Moris. 

Jan.  31.  Martin  s.  of  Howell  David. 

Jan.  31.  George  s.  of  George  Evans,  dyer. 

Feb.  2.  Lewis  s.  of  Teg  Rudderch,  mariner. 

Mar.  19.  Daniel  s.  of  David  John,  carpenter. 

Mar.  19.  David  s.  of  David  John,  carpenter. 

Mar.  23.  Thomas  s.  of  Henry  David  Jenkin. 

1672. 

Apr.  9.  Ester  d.  of  Owen  David. 

Apr.  14.  Thomas  s.  of  Henry  Jenkin. 


1  i.e.,  of  the  Franchise.  The  borough  of  Carmarthen  was  divided 
into  five  wards,  namely  King  Street  Ward,  St.  Mary  Street  Ward, 
GeU  Street  Ward,  and  the  Upper  Franchise  and  Lower  Franchise.  It 
is  not  clear  whether  the  Upper  or  Lower  Franchise  is  referred  to  in  this 
entry. 


Baptisms,  1672.  35 

Apr.  14.  Mary  d.  of  John  Griffith. 

Apr.  14.  David  s.  of  Thomas  Hugh. 

May  16.  Christopher  s.,  and  Jane  d.  of  John  Williams. 

May  27.  Elizabeth  d.  of  George  David. 

Jun.  6.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Morgan  Matthew. 

Jun.  8.  Charles  s.  of  Richard  Low. 

Jun.  16.  Catherine  d.  of  Thomas  Brookes. 

Jun.  30.  Thomas  s.  of  William  James. 

Jul.  10.  James  s.  of  John  Phillip. 

Jul.  15.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  David. 

Jul.  21.  Roger  s.  of  Rees  Thomas. 

Jul.  28.  George  s.  of  Richard  Lloyd. 

Jul.  28.  Thomas  s.  of  John  Thomas. 

Aug.  II.  Anne  d.  of  Richard  Price. 

Aug.  16.  Edward  s.  of  Thomas  Jones. 

Aug.  18.  Richard  s.  of  Maurice  David. 

Sep.  10.  Sage  d.  of  Griffith  Humphrey. 

Sep.  13.  Charles  s.  of  Charles  de  Lanoy. 

Sep.  15.  David  s.  of  Lewis  Evan. 

Sep.  26.  John  s.  of  John  Edwards. 

Oct.  2.  Thomas  s.  of  John  Jones. 

Oct.  6.  David  s.  of  Evan  Morgan. 

Oct.  13.  Maud  d.  of  Thomas  Lewis. 

Oct.  19.  Margaret  d.  of  Thomas  Harry. 

Oct.  27.  Margaret  d.  of  William  Jones. 

Nov.  17.  Lettice  d.  of  Griffith  Lewis. 

Nov.  24.  Anne  d.  of  John  Games. 

Dec.  I.  Rachel  d.  of  Thomas  William. 

Dec.  5.  David  s.  of  Robert  Smart. 

Dec.  8.  Edward  s.  of  John  Rees. 

Dec.  22.  Jane  d.  of  John  William. 

Dec.  29.  Phillip  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Jan.  5.  Jane  d.  of  William  Vaughan. 

Jan.  8.  Edward  s.  of  Edward  Gower. 

Jan.  12.  Rees  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Jan.  12.  Elenor  d.  of  John  Walter.  « 

Jan.  16.  Grissel  d.  of  Thomas  William.  f-% 

Jan.  21.  Rees  s.  of  Charles  Lewis.  j^f^-^O*"* 

Feb.  9.  Roger  s.  of  Thomas  Harry.  ^^X/''' 

Feb.  19.  Margaret  d.  of  Robert  Hugh.  ^^ 

Feb.  23.  Margaret  d.  of  Richard  Evan. 

Mar.  II.  Sara  d.  of  Gwalter  Thomas. 

Mar.  16.  Hester  d.  of  Thomas  Richard. 

Mar.  20.  Maud  d.  of  Thomas  David  Mredyth. 


36  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 


1673. 

Mariamne  d.  of  Richard  Weekes. 

Edward  s.  of  John  Read. 

Thomas  s.  of  Jenkin  Rees. 

Richard  s.  of  Richard  Phillips. 

Thomas  s.  of  William  Davy. 

Blanch  d.  of  Griffith  Samuel. 

Sara  d.  of  Griffith  Rees. 

George  s.  and  Elizabeth  d.  of  George  Ketchmet. 

Sage  d.  of  Richard  John  Rees. 

David  s.  of  Richard  Thomas. 

Mary  d.  of  Evan  John. 

Catherine  d.  of  Richard  Eynon. 

Gwalter  s.  of  Gwalter  David. 

Ruth  d.  of  Griffith  Thomas. 

John  s.  of  Owen  Thomas,  clerk. 

Anthony  s.  of  Martin  Lewis. 

Jane  d.  of  Mredyth  John. 

Daniel  s.  of  Daniel  Richard. 

Anne  d.  of  Matthias  Jones. 

Sydney  d.  of  Thomas  Watkins. 

Elyzabeth  d.  of  David  Rees. 

Edward  s.  of  Thomas  William. 

Rebecca  d.  of  Richard  Woodes. 

Mary  d.  of  David  Lewis. 

Richard  s.  of  Evan  Hugh. 

Margaret  d.  of  Stephen  Weeden. 

Ginnett  d.  of  Roger  William. 

Anne  d.  of  Rowland  Morris. 

Jane  d.  of  Evan  David  Hary. 

Catherine  d.  of  Morris  James. 

Emu4a  d.  of  Gwalter  Haries. 

Rebecca  and  Sarah  ds.  of  Robert  Lewis. 

John  s.  of  John  Phillips. 

Catherine  d.  of  Thomas  Harry. 

Thomas  s.  of  Richard  Chamberlaine. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  Thomas  Bevan,  clerk. 

Sarah  d.  of  Thomas  Hugh. 

Gwalter  s.  of  William  Jones. 

Charles  s.  of  Evan  Morgan. 

Jane  d.  of  Roger  Powell. 

John  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Richard  s.  of  Lewis  Eynon. 

Rees  s.  of  John  Williams,  esq. 

Catherine  d.  of  Robert  Griffith. 


Apr. 

7- 

Apr. 

7- 

Apr. 

14. 

Apr. 

iS. 

Apr. 

27. 

Apr. 

29. 

May 

4- 

May 

15- 

May 

29. 

Jun. 

IS- 

Jun. 

IS- 

Jun. 

26. 

Jun. 

29. 

Jul. 

13- 

Jul. 

18. 

Jul. 

19. 

Aug. 

31- 

Oct. 

14- 

Oct. 

19- 

Oct. 

19- 

Nov. 

,  I. 

Nov. 

,  2. 

Nov. 

,  2. 

Nov. 

23. 

Nov. 

23- 

Nov. 

21. 

Nov. 

23- 

Dec. 

7- 

Dec. 

9- 

Dec. 

18. 

Dec. 

28. 

Dec. 

28. 

Dec. 

29. 

Jan. 

7- 

Jan. 

9- 

Jan. 

13- 

Jan. 

18. 

Jan. 

19. 

Jan. 

30- 

Feb. 

I. 

Feb. 

8. 

Feb. 

8. 

Feb. 

IS- 

Feb. 

IS- 

Baptisms,  1673.  37 


Feb. 

19. 

Feb. 

22. 

Mar. 

I. 

Mar. 

13- 

Mar. 

18. 

Mar. 

18. 

Mar. 

22. 

Mar. 

22. 

Mar. 

29. 

Apr. 

5- 

Apr. 

5- 

Apr. 

5- 

Apr. 

6. 

Apr. 

27. 

Apr. 

30- 

May 

3- 

May 

10. 

May 

17- 

May 

24. 

May 

25- 

May 

25- 

Jun. 

13- 

Jun. 

24. 

Jun. 

25- 

Jun. 

30. 

Jul. 

9- 

Jul. 

19- 

Jul. 

26. 

Jul. 

26. 

Jul. 

27. 

Jul. 

29. 

Aug 

.  14. 

Aug 

.  30. 

Aug 

•  31- 

Sep. 

6. 

Sep. 

26. 

Sep. 

27. 

Oct. 

4- 

Oct. 

18. 

Nov 

.  10, 

Nov 

•  19 

Nov 

•  19 

Dec 

.  6. 

Morgan  s.  of  John  Rees. 
Rachel  d.  of  John  Morris. 
John  s.  of  David  William. 
Richard  s.  of  Griffith  Thomas. 
David  s.  of  William  Eynon. 
Mary  d.  of  Henry  David  Jenkin. 
David  s.  of  John  Edward. 
Dorothy  d.  of  Oakle  Leigh. 

1674. 

Roger  s.  of  Thomas  Brooks. 
Richard  s.  of  John  David. 
Anne  d.  of  Lewis  Evan. 
Catherine  d.  of  John  Jones. 
Sara  d.  of  Charles  de  Luney. 
John  s.  of  Richard  Harry. 
Sara  d.  of  Martin  Beynion. 
Mary  d.  of  William  Eynon. 
Mary  d.  of  Griffith  Lewis. 
Sara  d.  of  Griffith  Evan. 
Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Harry. 
Mary  d.  of  Thomas  David. 
Rees  s.  of  Harry  John. 
William  s.  of  David  Rees. 
Elizabeth  d.  of  Thomas  Bowen. 

Katherine  d.  of  Griffith  Thomas. 

Sage  d.  of  Thomas  Pontun. 

Albon  s.  of  Griffith  Evan. 

William  s.  of  Mervil  Bevan. 

John  s.  of  Thomas  John. 

Rees  s.  of  Grif&th  Moris. 

Margaret  and  Sarah  ds.  of  Morgan  Llowarch. 

Sara  d.  of  John  Rydon. 

William  s.  of  Jenkin  David. 

John  s.  of  William  James. 

Thomas  s.  of  Richard  Philip. 

Edward  s.  of  Thomas  Bevan. 

Lewis  and  Jennett  s.  and  d.  of  John  Jenkin. 

Rees  s.  of  Owen  David. 

Jenett  d.  of  Jenkin  John. 

William  s.  of  William  Jenkin. 

James  s.  of  John  Griffith. 

Lewis  s.  of  John  Jones. 

Eleanor  d.  of  Howell  Thomas. 

John  s.  of  David  Davies. 


38  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Dec.  8.  Evan  s.  of  John  Thomas. 

Dec.  25.  Christmass  s.  of  William  James. 

Jan.  7.  Stephen  s.  of  Steephen  Weeden. 

Jan.  17.  Grace  d.  of  Henry  Atherton,  doctor  of  medicine. 

Jan.  17.  Lettice  d.  of  Lewis  Jones. 

Feb.  7.  Thomas  s.  of  Thomas  Jones. 

Feb.  7.  Mary  d.  of  John  Collon. 

Feb.  14.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Robert  Lewis. 

Mar.  7.  Maud  d.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Mar.  7.  Anne  d.  of  William  Eynion. 

Mar.  II.  Job  s.  of  Moris  William. 

Mar.  19.  Katherine  d.  of  Samuel  Rees. 

1675. 

Apr.  4.  John  s.  of  Richard  Weeks,  clerk. 

Apr.  18.  John  s.  of  Thomas  David  Mredith. 

Apr.  24.  David  s.  of  Griffith  Humphrey. 

May  6.  Sara  d.  of  Edward  Jones. 

May  II.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Lewis  Griffith. 

May  13.  Thomas  s.  of  Martin  Beynon. 

May  15.  Sara  d.  of  John  Griffith. 

May  18.  Joan  d.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

Jun.  4.  Anne  d.  of  Nicholas  Roberts,  clerk. 

Jun.  16.  Rachel  d.  of  John  Philips. 

Jun.  29.  Margaret  d.  of  Thomas  David. 

Jul.  I.  David  d.  of  John  Williams,  alderman. 

Jul.  4.  Gwenllian  d.  of  Thomas  Walter. 

Jul.  9.  Jane  d.  of  Morgan  Thomas. 

Jul.  15.  Stephen  s.  of  Walter  Thomas. 

Jul.  18.  David  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Jul.  31.  Richard  s.  of  Richard  Bruer. 

Aug.  3.  Mary  d.  of  David  Griffith. 

Aug.  4.  Anne  d.  of  Griffith  Thomas. 

Aug.  6.  Edward  s.  of  Moris  James. 

Aug.  8.  Mary  d.  of  Walter  Harris. 

Aug.  26.  William  s.  of  Theophilus  Bevans. 

Aug.  29.  William  s.  of  Griffith  Thomas. 

Aug.  30.  Griffith  s.  of  Griffith  Reed. 

Sep.  5.  Jonathan  s.  of  Richard  Kradocke. 

Sep.  5.  Richard  s.  of  John  Moris. 

Sep.  10.  John  s.  of  Lewis  Evan. 

Sep.  12.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Eynon  John. 

Sep.  14.  Margaret  d.  of  Richard  David. 

Sep.  16.  Sara  d.  of  Richard  Watkin. 

Sep.  19.  David  s.  of  Howell  David. 


Baptisms,  1675.  39 

Sep.  19.  Ester  d.  of  Thomas  David. 

Sep.  26.  Rowland  s.  of  Rowland  Moris. 

Sep.  26.  Lucy  d.  of  Griffith  Moris. 

Sep.  26.  Margaret  d.  of  Thomas  Lewis. 

Sep.  27.  Elizabeth  and  Margaret  ds.  of  Moris  Hugh. 

Sep.  30.  Elizabeth  d.  of  David  Rees. 

Oct.  3.  Anne  d.  of  David  — . 

Oct.  10.  John  s.  of  Moris  Harry. 

Oct.  24.  Mary  d.  of  William  Day. 

Oct.  31.  Thomas  s.  of  Thomas  Harry. 

Nov.  I.  Rowland  s.  of  David  ap  David. 

Nov.  I.  John  s.  of  David  Rees. 

Nov.  2.  Sara  d.  of  Mathias  Jones. 

Nov.  5.  Nicholas  s.  of  John  Reed. 

Nov.  7.  David  s.  of  William  James. 

Nov,  18.  Edward  s.  of  David  John. 

Nov.  21.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Dec.  10.  John  s.  of  Evan  Morgan. 

Dec.  14.  John  s.  of  Jenkin  Rees. 

Dec.  26.  Mary  d.  of  Roger  WilUam. 

Jan.  2.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Oakeley  Leigh. 

Jan.  2.  Sara  d.  of  Griffith  Thomas. 

Jan.  2.  Henry  and  Elizabeth  s.  and  d.  of  Evan  Hugh. 

Jan.  II.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Edmond  Meyricke,  vicar. 

Jan.  13.  Morgan  s.  of  Walter  David. 

Jan.  14.  Sara  d.  of  John  Ryder. 

Jan.  16.  Richard  s.  of  William  Jones. 

Jan.  28.  Thomas  s.  of  Richard  Woods. 

Feb.  2.  Richard  s.  of  Charles  Lewis. 

Feb.  13.  Thomas  s.  of  James  Thomas. 

Mar.  9.  Anne  d.  of  James  Philips. 

Mar.  10.  Richard  s.  of  Edward  Gower. 

Mar.  12.  Marya  d.  of  Robert  Griffith. 

Mar.  19.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Jenkin  John. 

Mar.  19.  Alice  d.  of  Morgan  Llowarch. 

Mar.  19.  Elinor  d.  of  John  William  David. 

1676. 

Mar.  31.  Margery  d.  of  Thomas  William. 

Apr.  2.  Margaret  d.  of  Thomas  William. 

Apr.  6.  Richard  s.  of  William  Thomas. 

Apr.  10.  David  s.  of  Job  Rees. 

Apr.  18.  Catherine  d.  of  Thomas  John. 

Apr.  20.  EUzabeth  d.  of  John  W^atkins. 

Apr.  21.  Harry  s.  of  Thomas  Harry. 


40  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Apr.  23.  Mary  d.  of  Griffith  Rees. 

Apr.  30.  Margaret  d.  of  John  William. 

May  5.  Anne  d.  of  Thomas  David  Mredith. 

May  9.  -  Hugh  s.  of  John  Ryder. 

May  18.  John  s.  of  William  Jenkin. 

May  18.  Mary  d.  of  John  Games. 

May  21.  William  s.  of  Samuel  Rees. 

Jun.  4.  Margaret  d.  of  Edward  Hugh. 

Jun.  II.  Catherine  d.  of  Roger  Powell. 

Jun.  II.  Mary  d.  of  John  David. 

Jun.  18.  Jane  d.  of  Thomas  Jenkin. 

Jun.  21.  Jane  d.  of  Richard  Evan. 

Jun.  29.  Jonathan  s.  of  Griffith  Harry. 

Jul.  5.  William  s.  of  William  Moris. 

Jul.  8.  Jane  d.  of  Harry  David  Jenkin. 

Jul.  18.  William  s.  of  Humphrey  Panton. 

Jul.  27.  Mary  d.  of  Richard  Eynon. 

Aug.  3.  William  s.  of  Hugh  David. 

Aug.  6.  Mary  d.  of  Howell  Thomas. 

Aug.  10.  William  s.  of  Thomas  Bowen. 

Sep.  10.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Sep.  20.  Rees  s.  of  Thomas  Newsham. 

Sep.  24.  Dority  d.  of  Lewis  Richard. 

Oct.  6.  John  s.  of  Richard  Philips. 

Oct.  9.  Mary  d.  of  John  Watkin. 

Oct.  II.  Samuel  s.  of  John  Shadock. 

Nov.  II.  Thomas  s.  of  Daniel  Richard. 

Nov.  12.  Thomas,  s  of  Walter  Thomas. 

Nov.  12.  William  s.  of  Edward  Lloyd. 

Nov.  26.  Sara  d.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Dec.  5.  Anne  d.  of  David  Richard. 

Jan.  4.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Thomas  John. 

Jan.  7.  James  s.  of  Thomas  Bevan. 

Jan.  20.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Howell  David. 

Jan.  28.  John  s.  of  Richard  John  Rees. 

Feb.  I.  Sage  d.  of  William  Eynon. 

Feb.  4.  Althamia  d.  of  Charles  de  Lanoy. 

Feb.  16.  Elenor  d.  of  David  Lewis. 

Feb.  18.  Philip  s.  of  Mathias  Jones. 

Feb.  18.  Mary  d.  of  Theophilus  Bevans. 

Feb.  18.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Feb.  27.  John  s.  of  John  Awbrey. 

Mar.  4.  Lodowicke  s.  of  Thomas  Gwyn. 

Mar.  6.  Roger  s.  of  Richard  Weeks,  clerk. 

Mar.  13.     Rachel  d.  of  Thomas  Richard. 


Mar. 

16. 

Mar. 

18. 

Mar. 

19. 

Mar. 

20. 

Mar. 

20. 

Mar. 

21. 

Mar. 

25- 

Mar. 

28. 

Mar. 

29. 

Apr. 

5- 

Apr. 

19. 

Apr. 

22. 

Apr. 

22. 

Apr. 

28. 

Apr, 

29. 

May 

I. 

May 

6. 

May 

27. 

Jun. 

3. 

Jun. 

21. 

Jun. 

22. 

Jun. 

24. 

Jun. 

27. 

Jun. 

28. 

Jul. 

II. 

Jul. 

20. 

Jul. 

22. 

Jul. 

29. 

Aug, 

•  19- 

Aug, 

.  26. 

Aug 

.  30. 

Sep. 

9- 

Sep. 

23- 

Sep. 

30. 

Oct. 

8. 

Nov 

•  4- 

Nov 

•  5- 

Nov 

.  6. 

Nov 

.  II. 

Nov 

.  II. 

Nov 

.  II. 

Nov 

.11. 

Nov 

.  20. 

Baptisms,  1676.  41 

Jonathan  s.  of  Martin  Bynon. 
Maud  d.  of  Lewis  David. 
William  s.  of  Thomas  William. 
Catherine  d.  of  John  Rees. 
Margaret  d.  of  David  William. 
Thomas  s.  of  Stephen  Wooden. 

1677. 

Sage  d.  of  William  Gwynn. 

Siscill  d.  of  David  Jones. 

Richard  s.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

Elenor  d.  of  John  David. 

David  s.  of  Thomas  Lloyd. 

Moris  s.  of  Thomas  Smith. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  Job  Rees. 

Mary  d.  of  Lewis  William  George. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  John  Philips. 

Thomas  s.  of  Edward  Jones. 

Margaret  d.  of  Richard  Harry. 

Richard  s.  of  James  Philips. 

Margaret  d.  of  Owen  David. 

John  s.  of  William  Evan. 

Anne  d.  of  John  Ryder. 

Anne  d.  of  Griffith  Morgan. 

William  and  Lettice  s.  and  d.  of  John  William. 

Grace  d.  of  John  Lewis. 

Lucy  d.  of  David  Rees. 

Thomas  s.  of  William  David. 

Sarah  d.  of  Evan  Morgan. 

Isaac  and  Jacob  sons  of  David  Davies. 

Jane  d.  of  John  Thomas. 

Sarah  d.  of  Robert  Rees. 

Anne  d.  of  William  Moris. 

Jane  d.  of  Grifiith  Harry. 

Jane  d.  of  Richard  Thomas. 

Catherine  d.  of  Thomas  Ponton. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  William  Jones. 

Maud  d.  of  James  Evan. 

Anne  d.  of  Samuel  Rees. 

Thomas  s.  of  Thomas  Rogers. 

Thomas  s.  of  David  William. 

Richard  s.  of  John  Watkin. 

William  s.  of  William  James. 

Alice  d.  of  Grifl&th  Vaughan. 

Mary  d.  of  Moris  James. 


42  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Nov.  22.  George  s.  of  Richard  Jeanes. 

Nov.  30.  Catherine  d.  of  William  Tucker. 

Dec.  2.  Sarah  d.  of  David  Rees. 

Dec.  3.  Evan  s.  of  Howell  Thomas. 

Dec.  9.  Margaret  d.  of  Hopkin  Rees. 

Jan.  6.  Thomas  s.  of  Edward  Lloyd. 

Jan.  17.  Sarah  d.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

Jan.  20.  Griffith  s.  of  Richard  Woods. 

Jan.  24.  Lettice  d.  of  Anthony  Jones. 

Jan.  25.  Richard  s.  of  Richard  Philips. 

Feb.  12.  Richard  s.  of  Richard  John  Rees. 

Feb.  17.  Richard  s.  of  William  Jenkin. 

Feb.  17.  William  and  John  sons  of  Eynon  John. 

Feb.  22.  Hannah  d.  of  David  Griffith. 

Feb.  22.  Jane  d.  of  Robert  Griffith. 

Feb.  23.  Robert  s.  of  John  Gallon. 

Mar.  3.  Jane  d.  of  Richard  Watkins. 

Mar.  9.  Benjamin  s.  of  John  Thomas. 

Mar.  10.  Thomas  s.  of  John  Awbry. 

Mar.  12.  John  s.  of  John  Ryder,  junior. 

Mar.  14.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Mathew  Jones. 

Mar.  24.  Edward  s.  of  Richard  Griffith. 

1678. 

Mar.  25.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Harry. 

Mar.  26.  Mary  d.  of  Griffith  Thomas. 

Mar.  28.  Mary  d.  of  John  Jenkin. 

Mar.  28.  David  s.  of  John  Thomas. 

Apr.  14.  Jane  d.  of  Griffith  Thomas. 

Apr.  18.  Rees  s.  of  Moris  Hugh. 

Apr.  25.  Richard  s.  of  Nicholas  Roberts,  clerk. 

Apr.  27.  Griffith  s.  of  Griffith  Humphrey. 

May  I.  Dorothy  d.  of  Evan  Hughes. 

May  7.  Sara  d.  of  Griffith  Lewis. 

May  II.  Catherine  d.  of  John  Griffith. 

May  12.  Jane  d.  of  Anthony  Jones,  hatter. 

May  19.  Dorithy  d.  of  Harry  David  Jenkin. 

May  21.  Jane  d.  of  Thomas  John. 

May  29.  David  and  Anne  s.  and  d.  of  Richard  David, 

Jan.  2.  Hugh  s.  of  Griffith  Samuel. 

Jun.  9.  Mary  d.  of  Moris  Griffith. 

Jun.  12.  Robert  s.  of  Walter  Thomas. 

Jun.  19.  William  s.  of  Jenkin  Rees. 

Jun.  21.  William  s.  of  Ambrose  Nicholas. 

Jul.  17.  Emmet  d.  of  John  Lewis. 


Baptisms,  1678.  43 

Jul.  26.  Bridgett  d.  of  John  Rider,  senior. 

Aug.  18.  Mary  d.  of  Jenkin  John. 

Aug.  18.  Margaret  d.  of  Humphrey  Puntan. 

Aug.  25.  John  s.  of  John  Morris. 

Sep.  15.  Charles  s.  of  Charles  Lewis. 

Sep.  17.  John  s.  of  James  Thomas. 

Oct,  3.  Owen  s.  of  Owen  Martyn. 

Oct.  6.  Sidney  d.  of  John  David. 

Oct.  20.  Morgan  s.  of  Thomas  William. 

Nov.  5.  Mary  d.  of  Jonathan  Scurlock,  gent. 

Nov.  6.  Anne  d.  of  Griffith  Thomas,  junior. 

Nov.  28.  Thomas  s.  of  Thomas  Lloyd. 

Dec.  5.  Wickham  s.  of  Thomas  Rogers. 

Dec.  8.  William  s.  of  Griffith  Eynon. 

Dec.  10.  Robert  s.  of  Job  Rees. 

Dec.  II.  Anne  d.  of  William  Lloyd,  junior. 

Dec.  12.  David  s.  of  Anthony  Jones,  gent. 

Dec.  13.  Elizabeth  d.  of  William  David. 

Dec.  24.  Smithyeard  s.  of  Thomas  Allen. 

Dec.  29.  Jane  d.  of  Griffith  David. 

Jan.  I.  William  s.  of  Griffith  Thomas 

Jan.  12,  Sarah  d.  of  William  Nicholas 

Jan.  19.  Walter  s.  of  John  William. 

Jan.  26.  Ambrose  s.  of  Thomas  Lewis. 

Jan.  30.  Evan  s.  of  Thomas  David  Mredith. 

Feb.  2.  Hugh  s.  of  Thomas  William. 

Feb.  3.  Mary  d.  of  Martyn  Beinon. 

Feb.  4.  Sarah  d.  of  John  William. 

Feb.  7.  Margery  d.  of  George  Oakley. 

Feb.  9.  Margaret  d.  of  John  Rees. 

Feb.  14.  Charles  s.  of  Oakeley  Leigh. 

Feb.  16.  James  s.  of  Edward  Hugh. 

Feb.  24.  Edward  and  Jane  s.  and  d.  of  Thomas  Harry. 

Feb.  28.  Lettice  d.  of  Roger  Powell. 

Mar.  2.  Henry  s.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

Mar.  2.  Dority  d.  of  John  Walter. 

Mar.  3.  Anthony  s.  of  Thomas  Fisher. 

Mar.  12.  Walter  s.  of  William  David. 

Mar.  13.  Elizabeth  d.  of  John  Awbrey. 

Mar.  13.  Richard  s.  of  Thomas  Richard. 

Mar.  16.  Grace  d.  of  John  Lewis. 

Mar.  16.  Lettice  d.  of  Richard  Joseph. 

1679. 

Mar.  28.  John  Philips  s.  of  John  Philips. 

Mar.  30.  William  s.  of  Thomas  David. 


44  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Mar.  30.  Theophilus  s.  of  Theophilus  Bevans. 

Mar.  30.  Maud  d.  of  John  Thomas. 

Mar.  30.  Jane  d.  of  William  Moris. 

Apr.  3.  Edward  s.  of  James  Philip. 

May  4.  David  s.  of  Lewis  David. 

May  4.  Dority  d.  of  David  William. 

May  4.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Richard  Philip. 

May  4.  Lucy  d.  of  Rowland  John. 

May  13.  Thomas  s.  of  John  Lewis. 

May  17.  Thomas  s.  of  Rowland  Moris. 

May  21.  Mary  d.  of  Joseph  William. 

Jun.  18.  David  s.  of  Thomas  John. 

Jun.  20.  Mary  d.  of  Mathias  Jones. 

Jun.  27.  John  s.  of  Stephen  Weeden. 

Jul.  5.  John  s.  of  James  Thomas. 

Jul.  10.  William  s.  of  Thomas  Bowen. 

Jul.  14.  Thomas  s.  of  John  Thomas. 

Jul.  29.  Elenor  d.  of  Moris  Bowen. 

Aug.  3.  Alice  d.  of  William  Griffith  George. 

Aug.  5.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Griffith  Lewis. 

Aug.  13.  Anne  d.  of  Richard  Lloyd  and  Margett  Morgan. 

Aug.  17.  Elizabeth  d.  of  William  John. 

Aug.  30.  John  s.  of  Einon  John. 

Sep.  6.  John  s.  of  Nicholas  Roberts,  M.A.,  clerk. 

Sep.  16.  Altham  s.  of  John  Vaughan. 

Sep.  17.  Antony  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Sep.  21.  Edward  s.  of  Maurice  James. 

Sep.  24.  John  s.  of  Edward  Lloyd. 

Sep.  30.  Robert  s.  of  William  Evan. 

Oct.  8.  Jane  d.  of  Griffith  Moris. 

Oct.  27.  Dority  d.  of  John  Thomas. 

Nov.  9.  John  s.  of  Richard  Griffith. 

Nov.  9.  Jane  d.  of  William  David. 

Nov.  12.  Catherine  d.  of  Howell  David. 

Nov.  13.  Susanna  d.  of  Griffith  Evan. 

Nov.  18.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Lewis. 

Nov.  21.  Anne  d.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

Nov.  30.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Morgan  Evan. 

Dec.  2.  Rawleigh  d.  of  Griffith  Vaughan. 

Dec.  3.  Sydney  d.  of  Thomas  Punton. 

Dec.  10.  Mary  d.  of  Moris  Hugh. 

Dec.  14.  EHzabeth  d.  of  Charles  de  Lanoy. 

Dec.  26.  Sara  d.  of  Lewis  Thomas. 

Jan.  I.  Elizabeth  d.  of  John  Griffith. 

Jan.  4.  John  s.  of  Robert  Griffith. 

Jan.  7.  John  s.  of  Nathaniel  Wooldrige. 


Baptisms,  1679.  45 

Jan.  8.  Sara  d.  of  Thomas  Rogers. 

Jan.  9.  William  s.  of  Thomas  Lloyd. 

Jan.  16.  Daniel  s.  of  Thomas  Warren. 

Jan.  16.  Moris  and  Rees  sons  of  John  Grififith. 

Jan.  18.  William  s.  of  Owen  David. 

Jan.  25.  Margarett  d.  of  Richard  Woods. 

Jan.  27.  Sara  d.  of  Edward  Jones,  gent. 

Jan.  27.  Zacarias  s.  of  Thomas  David. 

Feb.  15.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Thomas  Philip. 

Feb.  17.  Evan  s.  of  Richard  Eynon. 

Feb.  17.  Jane  d.  of  George  William. 

Mar.  6.  Lettice  and  Mary  ds.  of  Moris  William. 

Mar.  7.  Rice  s.  of  Walter  David. 

Mar.  8.  Richard  s.  of  David  Thomas. 

Mar.  19.  Judith  d.  of  William  Thomas. 

Mar.  21.  Hugh  s.  of  George  Hugh. 

Mar.  23.  Samuel  s.  of  Hugh  John. 

1680. 

Mar.  25.  Sarah  d.  of  Lewis  Griffith  George. 

Mar.'  29.  Thomas  s.  of  John  Rider. 

Apr.  4.  Edward  s.  of  William  Thomas. 

Apr.  II.  Lucius  s.  of  Oakley  Leigh. 

Apr.  20.  Jeremias  s.  of  David  Philip. 

May  I.  Lettice  d.  of  Thomas  David  Rees. 

May  30.  Diana  d.  of  James  Philips. 

Jun.  4.  Griffith  s.  of  Richard  David. 

Jun.  13.  John  s.  of  John  Mugle. 

Jun.  15.  Robert  s.  of  David  Thomas. 

Jun.  24.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Fisher. 

Jun.  24.  Catherine  d.  of  Joseph  William. 

Jun.  27.  Elizabeth  d.  of  William  Lloyd. 

Jun.  30.  Margaret  d.  of  Hugh  Griffith. 

Jul.  II.  Richard  s.  of  Jenkin  Rees. 

Jul.  II.  John  s.  of  Thomas  David  Jenkin. 

Jul.  15.  Bonaventure,  illegitimate  s.  of  William  Lloyd  and  Mary  — . 

Jul.  16.  John  s.  of  Evan  Griffith. 

Jul.  18.  Frances  d.  of  Griffith  Thomas. 

Jul.  20.  Evan  s.  of  David  Lewis. 

Jul.  25.  David  s.  of  John  Evan. 

Jul.  29.  Elenor  d.  of  Samuel  Rees. 

Jul.  29.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Richard  John  Rees. 

Aug.  3.  Thomas  s.  of  William  Rees. 

Aug.  18.  Catharine  d.  of  Griffith  Thomas,  senior 

Aug.  20.  Lewis  s.  of  John  William. 

Sep.  3.  Elizabeth  d.  of  John  Thomas. 


46  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Mary  d.  of  Stephen  Weeden. 

Mary  d.  of  Jonathan  Scurlocke. 

Mary  d.  of  Richard  Jeanes. 

Chatharine,  illegitimate  d.  of  John  Richard. 

Thomas  and  Margarett  s.  and  d.  of  David  Evan. 

Jane,  illegitimate  d.  of  Evan  — . 

Mary  d.  of  David  William. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  Grif&th  Evans,  clerk. 

Alice  d.  of  Richard  Griffith. 

Thomas  s.  of  Theophilus  Bevans. 

Sydney  d.  of  Moris  Hugh. 

William  s.  of  Griffith  Evan. 

Sarah  d.  of  Howell  Thomas. 

Elenor  d.  of  George  Oakley. 

Anne  d.  of  Richard  Thomas. 

Robert  s.  of  John  David. 

Sarah  d.  of  Edward  Hugh. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  Jenkin  David. 

Jane  d.  of  William  — . 

Elenor  d.  of  Robert  Jones. 

Sydney  d.  of  William  Nicholas. 

Margaret  d.  of  John  David. 

Thomas  s.  of  William  David. 

Rees  s.  of  William  Eynon. 

Griffith  s.  of  Martyn  Bynon. 

Mary  d.  of  Francis  Jones. 

William  s.  of  Rees  Richard. 

Martha  d.  of  Grif&th  Williams. 

Francis  s.  of  Grif&th  Eynon. 

William  s.  of  David  Thomas. 

Robert  s.  of  Edward  Loyd. 

Margaret  d.  of  Griffith  Moris. 

Mary,  illegitimate  d.  of  Thomas  Grififith  of  Abergwily,  and 

Elizabeth  Robert. 
John  s.  of  William  Grif&th  George. 
Thomas  s.  of  William  Griffith. 
Thomas  s.  of  Thomas  Rogers. 
John  s.  of  Harry  Dax,  tailor. 
John  s.  of  John  Oliver. 
Griffith  s.  of  William  Davy. 
Mary  d.  of  Antony  Jones. 

1681. 

Mar.  25.     Mary  d.  of  John  David. 

Apr.  4.       John  s.  of  Howell  David. 

Apr.  4.       Margaret  d.  of  Grif&th  Thomas,  junior. 


Sep. 

13- 

Sep. 

19- 

Sep. 

22. 

Oct. 

8. 

Oct. 

18. 

Oct. 

18. 

Oct. 

21. 

Nov 

•  4- 

Nov 

•  4- 

Oct. 

25- 

Nov 

•  7- 

Nov, 

.  14. 

Nov, 

,  16. 

Nov, 

•  17- 

Nov, 

.  21. 

Nov, 

.  21. 

Nov, 

.  28. 

Dec. 

2. 

Dec. 

5- 

Dec. 

7- 

Dec. 

14. 

Dec. 

15- 

Dec. 

19. 

Dec. 

26. 

Dec. 

27. 

Dec. 

27. 

Dec. 

30. 

Jan. 

I. 

Jan. 

6. 

Jan. 

7- 

Jan. 

16. 

Jan. 

23- 

Feb. 

I. 

Feb. 

4- 

Feb. 

6. 

Feb. 

7- 

Feb. 

10. 

Feb. 

20. 

Mar. 

6. 

Mar. 

13- 

Baptisms,  1681.  47 

Apr.  14.  Richard  s.  of  Richard  John  Rees. 

May  1.  Philip  s.  of  William  Thomas. 

May  3.  Griffith,  illegitimate  s.  of  Griffith  David  Rees. 

May  6.  De  Lanoy  s.  of  Hopkin  Rees. 

May  7.  David  s.  of  Thomas  Richard. 

May  8.  Rees  s.  of  Griffith  Morgan. 

May  9.  Grisel  d.  of  David  Eynon. 

May  14.  Edwyn  s.  of  John  Lewis. 

May  29.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Jenkin  David. 

May  29.  William  s.  of  William  Philip. 

Jun.  13.  Sara  d.  of  David  Robert. 

Jun.  14.  Richard  s.  of  John  Richard 

Jun.  15.  John  s.  of  Thomas  John. 

Jul.  I.  Robert  s.  of  Robert  Griffith. 

Jul.  3.  William  s.  of  Thomas  Howell. 

Jul.  3.  William  s.  of  John  Eynon. 

Jul.  II.  Edward  s.  of  James  Philip,  Kilymanlloyd. 

Jul.  28.  John  s.  of  Thomas  David. 

Jul.  30.  Lewis  s.  of  John  Moris. 

Aug.  14.  Elenor  d.  of  Henry  David  John. 

Aug.  21.  Thomas  s.  of  Rees  Thomas. 

Aug.  24.  Margaret  d.  of  Griffith  Morgan. 

Aug.  24.  Rees  s.  of  Richard  John  Rees. 

Aug.  28.  Thomas  s.  of  Moris  James 

Sep.  4.  David  s.  of  Job  Rees. 

Sep.  7.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Roger  Powell. 

Sep.  8.  Sage  d.  of  John  Rudderch. 

Sep.  16.  Edward  s.  of  John  Bann 

Sep.  23.  Catherine  d.  of  Humphrey  Puntan. 

Sep.  25.  Jonathan  s.  of  Griffith  Humphrey. 

Oct.  19.  Rebecca  d.  of  Thomas  Harry. 

Nov.  2.  Margaret  d.  of  William  Morgan. 

Nov.  2,  Dority  d.  of  Thomas  John. 

Nov.  7.  Henry,  illegitimate  s.  of  John  David. 

Nov.  17  Sheldon  s.  of  Thomas  Lyons. 

Nov.  17.  Prissilla  d.  of  Thomas  Fisher. 

Nov.  24.  Elizabeth  d.  of  John  David. 

Nov.  27.  Mary  d.  of  WUliam  Jenkins. 

Nov.  30.  Jane  d.  of  John  Awbrey. 

Dec.  2.  David  s.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

Dec.  2.  Jonathan  s.  of  Thomas  Allan, 

Dec.  9.  Evan  s.  of  Walter  David. 

Dec.  9.  John  s.  of  John  Thomas. 

Dec.  12.  Thomas  s.  of  Richard  Thomas, 

Dec.  29.  Elizabeth  d.  of  John  Muggle. 

Jan.  I.  Jane  d.  of  William  Husband. 


48  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Jan.  13.  Robert  s.  of  Robert  Jones. 

Jan.  15.  Edward  s.  of  Edward  Lloyd. 

Jan.  17.  Evan  s.  of  William  Evan. 

Jan.  23.  Mary  d.  of  Humphrey  Sixe. 

Jan.  24.  William  s.  of  John  Thomas. 

Jan.  24.  Mary  d.  of  Walter  Thomas. 

Jan.  28.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Rogers. 

Jan.  30.  Sydney  d.  of  John  David. 

Feb.  2,  Mary  d.  of  William  Moris. 

Feb.  5.  Margaret  d.  of  John  Moris. 

Feb.  12,  John  s.  of  William  Howell. 

Feb.  12.  Robert  s.  of  Hugh  Rees. 

Feb.  15.  Joan  d.  of  Thomas  Grif&th. 

Feb.  17.  William  s.  of  Thomas  John. 

Feb.  20.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Thomas  Grifath. 

Feb.  26.  John  s.  of  Thomas  Bowen. 

Feb.  26.  John  s.  of  James  Thomas. 

Mar.  2.  Sara  d.  of  Joseph  William. 

Mar.  2.  John  s.  of  Thomas  David. 

Mar,  12.  Mary  d.  of  James  Thomas. 

Mar.  12,  Jane  d.  of  Griffith  Vaughan. 

Mar.  14.  Mary  d.  of  Rowland  Morris. 

1682. 

Apr.  7.  Alice  d.  of  Hopkin  Rees. 

Apr.  9.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Martyn  Beynon. 

Apr.  19.  William  s.  of  John  Thomas. 

Apr.  21.  Walter  s.  of  Griffith  John. 

Apr.  21.  Nash  s.  of  Oakeley  Leigh. 

Apr.  23.  Anne  d.  of  John  Evan. 

May  4.  Hester  d.  of  Mathew  Jones. 

May  8.  William  s.  of  William  Nicholas. 

May  14.  Evan  s.  of  Moris  William. 

May  19.  William  s.  of  Thomas  William. 

May  25.  John  s.  of  David  Phillipps. 

May  28.  Antony  s.  of  Thomas  Rich[ard]. 

Jun.  6.  Richard  s.  of  Lewis  Thomas. 

Jun.  21.  Richard  s.  of  Richard  Woods. 

Jun.  21.  Susanna  d.  of  Jenkin  Rees. 

Jun.  22.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Richard  Watkin. 

Jun.  23.  Anne  d.  of  Samuel  Rees. 

Jun.  25.  Griffith  s.  of  Edward  Hugh. 

Jun.  26.  Anne  d.  of  Charles  de  Lanoy. 

Jul.  2.  David  s.  of  Stephen  Weeden. 

Aug.  18.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Griffith  William. 


Baptisms,  1682.  49 


Aug.  20.  Margaret  d.  of  Richard  Lloyd. 

Aug.  20.  Elinor  d.  of  Griffith  Thomas. 

Aug.  22.  John  s.  of  Howell  David. 

Aug.  23.  Thomas  s.  of  Griffith  Lewis. 

Aug.  27.  Jonathan  s.  of  Thomas  Robert. 

Sep.  10.  Charles  s.  of  Robert  Griffith. 

Sep.  14.  Matilda  d.  of  Eynon  John. 

Sep.  15.  Elizabeth  d.  of  George  Oakly. 

Sep.  24.  William  s.  of  Evan  Griffith. 

Sep.  25.  Jenkin  s.  of  David  William. 

Sep.  26.  Martha  d.  of  John  Ryder,  senior. 

Oct.  22.  Benjamin  s.  of  John  Griffith  Phillip. 

Oct.  22.  Sara  d.  of  John  Thomas. 

Nov.  I.  Stephen  s.  of  Thomas  Howell. 

Nov.  I.  John  s.  of  John  Lewis. 

Nov.  12.  Dority  d.  of  David  Edward. 

Nov.  12.  Elinor  d.  of  John  Lewis,  soldier.^ 

Nov.  19.  John  s.  of  Griffith  William. 

Nov.  21.  Richard  s.  of  Evan  David. 

Nov.  24.  Jane  d.  of  George  Hughes. 

Dec.  10.  William  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Dec.  17.  Daniel  s.  of  John  Richard. 

Jan.  4.  Thomas  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Jan.  7.  Antony  s.  of  Griffith  Morgan. 

Jan.  14.  Richard  s.  of  John  William. 

Jan.  16.  Anne  d.  of  Richard  Rees. 

Jan.  21.  Margaret  d.  of  Francis  Jones. 

Jan.  23.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Antony  Jones. 

Feb.  4.  John  s.  of  Thomas  Warren. 

Feb.  5.  Elizabeth  d.  of  David  Robert. 

Feb.  9.  Thomas  s.  of  Richard  Lewis. 

Feb.  II.  Mary  d.  of  Rowland  John. 

Feb.  17.  Walter  s.  of  John  Ryder,  junior. 

Mar.  8.  Rees  s.  of  Joseph  William. 

Mar.  9.  Anne  d.  of  Walter  Rees. 

Mar.  13.  Thomas  s.  of  Martyn  Beynon. 

Mar.  15.  Rees  s.  of  David  Thomas. 

Mar.  20.  Rowland  s.  of  Thomas  Bowen. 

1683. 

Mar.  25.  John  s.  of  Maurice  Hugh. 

'Mar.  27.  Rachel  d.  of  William  David. 

Apr.  I.  Benjamin  s.  of  John  William. 


1  This  word  is  supplied  from  the  transcript  Register. 
D 


50  Register  of  Si.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Apr.  5.  Mary  d.  of  John  Griffith. 

Apr.  14.  Margaret  d.  of  Maurice  John  Rees. 

Apr.  22.  Sarah  d.  of  James  Thomas. 

Apr.  29.  Humphrey  d.  of  Thomas  Harry. 

Apr.  29.  Lucy  d.  of  Griffith  George. 

May  I.  Thomas  s.  of  Nathaniel  Wooldridge. 

May  13.  George  s.  of  John  David. 

May  13.  Anne  d.  of  Jenkin  David. 

May  14.  Robert  s.  of  Thomas  Pikes. 

May  20.  Anne  d.  of  Henry  Griffith. 

May  30.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Lloyd. 

May  10.  Anne  d.  of  Griffith  John. 

May  24.  Anne  d.  of  Richard  Thomas. 

Jul.  I.  Elizabeth  d  of  William  Beane. 

Jul.  4.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Theophilus  Bevans. 

Jul.  10.  Margaret  d.  of  Thomas  Lyons. 

Jul.  17.  Richard  s.  of  Lewis  David. 

Jul.  24.  David  s.  of  John  Morgan. 

Jul.  26.  Richard  s.  of  Thomas  David. 

Aug.  12.  Margaret  d.  of  Maurice  John  Rees. 

Aug.  14.  William  s.  of  John  Griffith. 

Aug.  21.  William  s.  of  Thomas  Rogers. 

Aug.  26.  John  s.  of  Maurice  James. 

Aug.  27.  David  s.  of  Griffith  Lewis. 

Aug.  27.  Dorothy  d.  of  Thomas  David  Jenkin. 

Sep.  2.  Sarah  d   of  John  Philip,  iron  smith.^ 

Sep.  18.  Matilda  d.  of  Philip  Jones. 

Sep.  23.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Richard  Lewis,  iron  smith/ 

Oct.  I.  Rees  s.  of  Walter  Lloyd. 

Oct.  5.  Anne  d.  of  Rees  Thomas  Jenkin. 

Oct.  14.  Lettice  d.  of  Griffith  Thomas,  junior. 

Oct.  14.  Elizabeth  d.  of  William  Griffith. 

Oct.  20.  John  s.  of  Owen  Martin. 

Oct.  30.  John  s.  of  John  Walter  Rees. 

Nov,  II.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Griffith  David. 

Nov.  23.  Catherine  d.  of  David  William. 

Dec.  2.  John  s.  of  Henry  David  Jenkin. 

Dec.  12.  Francis  s.  of  John  Drue. 

Dec.  13.  Margaret  d.  of  John  Williams  of  Talley,  esq. 

Dec.  18.  Elizabeth  d.  of  William  Jenkin. 

Dec.  25.  John  s.  of  George  Richard. 

Jan.  5.  David  s.  of  John  Thomas. 

Jan.  13.  William  s.  of  John  Mugle. 

1  This  word  is  supplied  from  the  transcript  Register. 


Baptisms,  1683. 


51 


Jan.  13.  Richard  s.  of  David  Philip. 

Jan.  30.  William  s.  of  John  Philip. 

Feb.  9.  David  s.  of  John  Williams. 

Feb.  10.  Sarah  d.  of  Robert  Griffith. 

Feb.  10.  Sarah  d.  of  William  Husband. 

Feb.  19.  Bonaventure  s.  of  Richard  Griffith. 

Mar.  2.  William  s.  of  William  Evan.' 

Mar.  16.  Honora  d.  of  George  Oakley. 

Mar.  16.  Mary  d.  of  John  Evan  Lewis. 

1684. 

Apr.  I.  Walter  s.  of  Thomas  Griffith  Philip. 

Apr.  I.  Jane  d.  of  John  Bann. 

Apr.  4.  Jane  d.  of  Lewis  Powell,  notary  public. 

Apr.  6.  John  s.  of  Thomas  David  Meredith. 

Apr.  8.  Hester  d.  of  William  Moris,  corvicer. 

Apr.  27.  David  s.  of  John  Richard,  corvicer. 

Apr.  29.  Sheldon  s.  of  Oakly  Leigh. 

May  3.  Margaret  d.  of  David  Robert. 

May  8.  David  s.  of  Rowland  Moris. 

May  10.  Lewis  s.  of  Stephen  Weeden. 

May  II.  Margaret  d.  of  John  Rhyddro. 

May  24.  Tabitha  d.  of  Howell  David. 

May  25.  Mary  d.  of  John  William. 

May  29.  Robert  s.  of  William  Rees. 

Jun.  12.  Sara  d.  of  William  Husband. 

Jun.  17.  Elenor  d.  of  John  David,  saddler. 

jun.  22.  Jonathan  s.  of  John  Moris  Mathew. 

Jun.  29.  Letice  d.  of  Jenkin  Rees,  hatter. 

Jun.  30.  Edwyn  s.  of  John  Lewis,  corvicer. 

Jul.  20.  Benjamin  s.  of  Thomas  John. 

Jul.  22.  Samuel  s.  of  Samuel  Rees. 

Jul.  23.  Humphrey  s.  of  Griffith  Humphrey. 

■'^ug.  3.  Jenet  d.  of  David  Davies. 

Aug.  4.  John  s.  of  Griffith  Williams,  clerk. 

Aug.  10.  Thomas  s.  of  David  Lewis,  chamberlain. 

Aug.  18.  Diana  d.  of  David  John,  drummer. 

Aug.  24  John  s.  of  Daniel  Thomas. 

Aug.  27.  William  s.  of  Robert  Evan. 

Aug.  29.  Catherine  d.  of  George  Harys. 

Sep.  7.  Sara  d.  of  William  Coal. 

Sep.  7.  Mary  d.  of  Richard  David. 

Sep.  21.  David  s.  of  William  Morgan,  hatter. 


1  This  entry  is  not  in  the  Register, 


52  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Sep   28.  Thomas  and  Mary  s.  and  d.  of  Richard  Lloyd,  corvicer  and 

jailer  for  co.  Carmarthen. 

Oct.  I.  Jane  d.  of  William  Thomas. 

Oct.  I.  Catherine,  illegitimate  d.  of  John  Price  and  Jane    Evan. 

Oct.  3.  John  s.  of  Thomas  Lloyd,  gent. 

Oct.  12.  Mathew  s.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

Oct.  20.  John  s.  of  James  Morgans,  gent. 

Nov.  2.  Sara  d.  of  Robert  William. 

Nov.  6.  Henry  s.  of  David  Rees,  clerk. 

Nov.  10.  Elenor  d.  of  Thomas  John,  tanner. 

Nov.  19.  William  s.  of  George  Lloyd,  hatter. 

Dec.  14.  Thomas  s.  of  Griffith  Morgan,  corvicer. 

Dec.  19.  Sara  d.  of  Richard  Woods,  saddler. 

Dec.  23.  Thomas  s.  of  Thomas  Rogers,  corvicer. 

Jan.  3.  Thomas  s.  of  Joseph  William. 

Jan.  13.  Samuel  s.  of  John  William. 

Jan.  16.  Joan  d.  of  Thomas  Manwaring,  gent. 

Jan.  21.  John  s.  of  Edward  Lloyd,  hatter. 

Jan.  22.  Edward  s.  of  Richard  Thomas,  junior,  hatter. 

Jan.  24.  Maud  d.  of  Roger  Powell. 

Jan.  25.  Moris  s.  of  James  Thomas. 

Jan.  25.  William  s.  of  Richard  John  Rees. 

Feb.  8.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Edward  Hugh. 

Feb.  8.  Mawd  d.  of  David  Edward. 

Feb.  15.  Rees  s.  of  David  Eynon. 

Feb.  15.  Anne  d.  of  Walter  Rees  Howell. 

Feb.  19.  Bonaventure  s.  of  Rees  Richard. 

Feb.  26.  Jenett  d.  of  Richard  Lewis. 

Feb.  27.  Anne  d.  of  Thomas  Bowen,  apothecary. 

Mar.  I.  Jonathan  s.  of  George  Oakley. 

Mar.  I.  Anne  d.  of  John  Evan  Lewis. 

Mar.  2.  William  s.  of  Theophilus  Bevans,  gent. 

Mar.  15.  George  s.  of  Richard  Rees  Howells. 

Mar.  19.  Jenett  d.  of  James  Thomas. 

1685. 

Mar.  29.  Sara  d.  of  George  David,  corvicer. 

Apr.  I.  Anne  d.  of  John  Philips,  alderman. 

Apr.  12.  Catherine  d.  of  George  Hughes. 

Apr.  12.  Walter  s.  of  Griffith  Lewis,  labourer. 

Apr.  15.  Jane  d.  of  Thomas  John,  tanner. 

Apr.  24.  Anne  d.  of  Walter  Thomas,  glover. 

May  3.  William  s.  of  Moris  Bowen. 

May  3.  David  s.  of  Lewis  David. 

May  14.  Elizabeth  d.  of  John  Griffith  David. 


Baptisms,  1685.  53 


May 

17- 

May 

24. 

May 

28. 

Jun. 

21. 

Jun. 

28. 

Jul. 

19. 

Jul.: 

26. 

Jul.: 

26. 

Jul.: 

26. 

Aug. 

2. 

Aug. 

16. 

Aug. 

16. 

Aug. 

19. 

Aug. 

22. 

Aug. 

25- 

Aug. 

30. 

Aug. 

30. 

Sep. 

6. 

Sep. 

17- 

Sep. 

18. 

Oct. 

7- 

Oct. 

II. 

Oct. 

16. 

Oct. 

24. 

Oct. 

25- 

Oct. 

25- 

Nov. 

,  6. 

Nov. 

•  13- 

Nov, 

•  15- 

Dec. 

I. 

Dec. 

8. 

Dec. 

13- 

Dec. 

18. 

Dec. 

20. 

Dec. 

23- 

Dec. 

24. 

Jan. 

3- 

Jan. 

3- 

Jan. 

7- 

Jan. 

15- 

Jan. 

16. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan. 

30. 

Feb 

.  6. 

Feb, 

,    lO. 

Feb 

.  10. 

Hanna  d.  of  William  James. 

Margaret  d.  of  David  Evan. 

Lewis  s.  of  John  Williams,  plasterer. 

Elen  d.  of  Evan  Griffith. 

Mary  d.  of  John  Richard,  currier. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  John  ab  John. 

David  s.  of  William  Thomas. 

Edward  s.  of  John  Bann. 

Mary  d.  of  Lewis  Thomas. 

John  s.  of  Thomas  William. 

Frances  d.  of  William  Moris,  corvicer. 

Catherine  d.  of  William  Lewis. 

Lettice  d.  of  John  Jones,  weaver. 

Thomas  s.  of  William  Nicolas. 

Sara  d.  of  Thomas  Lewis. 

Cicill  d.  of  Richard  Muggle. 

John  s.  of  Thomas  David. 

Richard  s.  of  William  Griffith  George. 

Mary  d.  of  Antony  Willicot. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  Thomas  Kensey. 

Edward  s.  of  James  Morgan,  gent. 

Richard  s.  of  Thomas  John. 

William  s.  of  George  Harrys. 

Catherine  d.  of  John  Ryder,  junior. 

Sara  d.  of  Moris  James,  tanner. 

Lewis  s.  of  Eynon  John. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  Nathaniel  Wooldridge. 

Mary  d.  of  Moris  John. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  Richard  Joseph. 

David  s.  of  William  Gwynn. 

Sara  d.  of  John  Lewis,  labourer. 

Elenor  d.  of  Harry  John,  smith. 

William  s.  of  David  Thomas,  hooper. 

William  s.  of  James  Thomas,  labourer. 

John  s.  of  David  Lewis. 

John  s.  of  Richard  Thomas,  senior,  hatter. 

John  s.  of  Griffith  Williams,  gent. 

Anne  d.  of  Richard  Thomas,  junior,  hatter. 

Mary  d.  of  Richard  Lewis,  smith. 

Sara  d.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Harry. 

Richard  s.  of  Moris  Hugh. 

Mary  d.  of  Richard  Woods,  saddler. 

Elizabeth,  illegitimate. 

Rees  s.  of  Evan  David. 

Jane  d.  of  Edward  Lloyd,  hatter. 


Feb. 

II 

Feb. 

II 

Mar. 

6. 

Mar. 

Mar. 

7- 

Mar. 

7- 

54  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Grif&th  s.  of  John  David,  saddler. 
Lewds  s.  of  Harry  David  John. 
David  s.  of  Thomas  Bowen,  apothecary. 
John  s.  of  William  Griffith. 
Elizabeth  d.  of  John  Lewis,  corvicer. 
Sage  d.  of  Francis  Jones,  hatter. 

1686. 

Mar.  25.  Jane  d.  of  Thomas  Lyons. 

Apr.  I.  John  s.  of  Oakeley  Leigh. 

Apr.  3.  John  s.  of  John  Griffith  Phillipp. 

Apr.  5.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Phillipp  Jones,  mercer. 

Apr.  5.  William  s.  of  Humphrey  Richard. 

Apr.  7.  Isaac  s.  of  Jenkin  Rees,  hatter. 

Apr.  8.  John  s.  of  James  Price,  gent. 

Apr.  II.  Jonathan  s.  of  George  Harrys. 

Apr.  18.  Bridget  d.  of  Richard  Bloome,  gent. 

Apr.  28.  Richard  s.  of  David  Philipps. 

May  4.  William  s.  of  John  Ashton. 

May  5.  Walter  s.  of  Joseph  William. 

May  13.  Elenor  d.  of  John  Griffith,  tyler. 

May  16.  Anne  d.  of  John  Phillipps,  alderman. 

May  16.  Sarah  d.  of  Thomas  Jenkin. 

May  17.  Jane  d.  of  Job  Rees. 

May  25.  Mary  d.  of  John  Rees,  currier. 

Jun.  13.  Mariamne  d.  of  Thomas  Piks. 

Jun.  20.  Elizabeth  d.  of  William  Griffith. 

Jun.  27.  Evan  s.  of  John  Thomas,  hatter. 

Jun.  29.  WilUam  s.  of  Thomas  David,  ta'lor. 

Jun.  29.  Anne  d.  of  William  Lewis,  corvicer. 

Jul.  I.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  William. 

Jul.  6.  Griffith  s.  of  John  Morgan. 

Jul.  II.  Moris  s.  of  David  William  Bevan. 

Jul.  18.  Robert  s.  of  George  Lloyd,  hatter. 

Jul.  18.  Sara  d.  of  Lewis  Harry. 

Aug.  6.  Robert  s.  of  William  Evan. 

Aug.  8.  David  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Aug.  8.  Mary  d.  of  Humphrey  Aubrey. 

Aug.  26.  John  s.  of  David  Rees,  clerk. 

Aug.  28.  Thomas  s.  of  Griffith  Harrys,  glover. 

Sep.  4.  Jenett  d.  of  Thomas  Robert. 

Sep.  II.  Jane  d.  of  Samuel  Rees. 

Sep.  12.  —  d.  of  Johannis  Bealth. 

Sep.  12.  Elizabeth  d.  of  David  William,  hatter. 


Baptisms,  1686.  55 

Sep.  18.  William  s.  of  Thomas  Lewis,  hooper. 

Sep,  18.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Thomas  Lloyd,  mercer. 

Sep.  25.  Frances  d.  of  Thomas  Rogers,  corvicer. 

Sep.  26.  Griffith  s.  of  Moris  John  Rees. 

Oct.  3.  Catherine  d.  of  Evan  Morgan. 

Oct.  5.  Mary  d.  of  Edward  Rees  ab  Rees. 

Oct.  8.  John  s.  of  John  Morgan,  gent. 

Oct.  10.  David  s.  of  William  David,  corvicer. 

Oct.  12.  Mary  d.  of  John  Muggle. 

Oct.  17.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Kensay. 

Oct.  28.  Martyn  s.  of  Martyn  Beynon. 

Oct.  31.  Joan  d.  of  Daniel  Thomas. 

Oct.  31.  Hester  d.  of  Thomas  Griffith  Philip. 

Nov.  7.  Rachel  d.  of  Jeremiah  William,  hooper. 

Nov.  7.  Jane  d.  of  George  Thomas. 

Nov.  14.  Mary  d.  of  William  Thomas. 

Nov.  20.  Catherine  d.  of  David  Lewis,  gent. 

Nov.  25.  Jane  d.  of  Samuel  Richard  David. 

Dec.  2.  Charles  s.  of  Henry  Griffith. 

Dec.  16.  George  s.  of  William  Gwynn. 

Dec.  16.  Margery  d.  of  Owen  Philip. 

Dec.  19.  Elizabeth  d.  of  David  John,  drummer. 

Dec.  26.  Mary  d.  of  Griffith  William  Eynon. 

Dec.  28.  Catherine  d.  of  Thomas  John. 

Dec.  31.  —  d.  of  Moris  James,  tanner. 

Jan.  4.  John  s.  of  Richard  Lloyd,  corvicer. 

Jan.  6.  Owen  s.  of  Evan  Griffith. 

Jan.  9.  John  s.  of  John  Jones,  weaver. 

Jan.  13.  William  s.  of  William  Lewis,  glazier. 

Jan.  17.  James  s.  of  Richard  Thomas,  hatter. 

Jan.  21.  Thomas  s.  of  Richard  Muggle. 

Jan.  23.  Owen  s.  of  Walter  Rees  Howell. 

Jan.  30.  Edward  s.  of  William  Coal. 

Feb.  10.  Howell  s.  of  Evan  David. 

Feb.  18.  Mawd  d.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Feb.  26.  Mary  d.  of  William  Jenkin. 

Feb.  26.  Mary  d.  of  John  Moris  Mathew. 

Feb.  26.  Richard  s.  of  James  Evan,  miller. 

Feb.  28.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  John. 

Feb.  28.  Mary,  illegitimate  d.  of  Edward  Richard  and  Elizabeth  Lewis. 

Mar.  2.  Martha  d.  of  Edward  Mansell,  gent. 

Mar.  2.  Thomas  s.  of  Howell  David,  hatter. 

Mar.  6.  John  s.  of  Henry  Shaddock,  smith. 

Mar.  22.  Fortunatus,    illegitimate    son    of    Benjamin    Demsey    and 
Elizabeth  Kendrick. 


56  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

1687. 

Antony  s.  of  Thomas  Bowen,  chemist. 

Charles  s.  of  Hopkin  Rees,  gent. 

Mary  and  Martha  ds.  of  David  John. 

George  s.  of  George  Hughes. 

Tabitha  d.  of  John  Lewis. 

Sara  d.  of  Hugh  David. 

Mary,  illegitimate  d.  of  Stephen  David. 

Lewis  s.  of  Richard  Thomas. 

Thomas  s.  of  Evan  David. 

David  s.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

Mary  d.  of  William  Rees. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  Maurice  John  Lewis. 

Charles  s.  of  Charles  Delaney,  alderman. 

Frances  d.  of  Richard  Jein. 

Alse  d.  of  Roger  Powell. 

Maurice  s.  of  James  Thomas. 

John  s.  of  Robert  John. 

Maurice  s.  of  David  John. 

Mary  d.  of  Edward  Hugh. 

Hanna  d.  of  Thomas  Harry. 

Jane  d.  of  Griffith  Williams. 

Rachel  d.  of  William  Moris. 

George  s.  of  Rees  Richard. 

Jane  d.  of  John  Rees 

Samuel  s.  of  Thomas  Manwaring,  gent. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  William  Thomas. 

Joan  d.  of  George  David. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  Rees  Charles. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  William  Nicolas. 

Sarah  d.  of  Grif&th  John. 

John  s.  of  John  Evan  Lewis. 

Margaret  d.  of  Griffith  Morgan. 

Richard  s.  of  John  Bann. 

Mary  d.  of  Maurice  John. 

Jane  d.  of  Thomas  Harry. 

Christmas  s.  of  William  Lewis. 

Sarah  [?Jane]  d.  of  James  Price. 

Thomas  s.  of  James  Morgan. 

William  s.  of  Charles  John. 

William  s.  of  Nathaniel  Wooldridge. 

Hanna  d.  of  Martyn  Beynon,  gent. 

William  s.  of  Rees  Lloyd. 

d.  of  Daniel  Thomas. 

John  s.  of  Evan  Griffith. 


Apr. 

5- 

Apr. 

9- 

Apr. 

12. 

Apr. 

15- 

Apr. 

16. 

Apr. 

24. 

Apr. 

24. 

May 

I. 

May 

12. 

May  29. 

Jun. 

17- 

Jun. 

19. 

Jun. 

30. 

Jul. 

13- 

Aug. 

7- 

Aug. 

12. 

Aug. 

15- 

Sep. 

II. 

Sep. 

II. 

Sep. 

II. 

Sep. 

12. 

Sep. 

15- 

Sep. 

25- 

Oct. 

5- 

Oct. 

17- 

Oct. 

21. 

Nov, 

.  20. 

Nov 

•  25. 

Nov 

.  26. 

Nov 

.  29. 

Nov 

•  30. 

Nov 

.  30- 

Dec. 

2. 

Dec. 

7- 

Dec. 

23. 

Dec, 

.  25. 

Jan. 

15- 

Jan. 

23. 

Jan, 

,  24. 

Jan. 

24. 

Jan, 

,  24. 

Jan 

.  29. 

Jan 

•  29. 

Jan 

•  30- 

Baptisms,  1687.  57 


Feb. 

2. 

Feb. 

7- 

Feb. 

8. 

Feb. 

16. 

Feb. 

21. 

Mar. 

IS- 

Mar. 

IS 

Mar. 

15' 

Mar. 

18. 

Mar. 

19 

Jane  d.  of  Richard  Lewis. 
Mary  d.  of  Richard  Lewis. 
Mary  d.  of  William  Corbet. 
Evan  s.  of  Richard  Joseph. 
Thomas  s.  of  George  Harris. 
John  s.  of  Sylvanus  Jones. 
Charles  s.  of  Robert  Bevan. 
Jonett  d.  of  John  Richard. 
Thomas  s.  of  George  William. 
Elenor  d.  of  William  Lewis. 


1688. 


Mar.  31.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Edward  Rees. 

Apr.  I.  David  s.  of  Evan  David. 

Apr.  I.  Mary  d.  of  John  Williams. 

Apr.  I.  Mary  d.  of  Robert  Lewis. 

Apr.  3.  Jane  d.  of  William  David. 

Apr.  8.  Elizabeth  d.  of  John  Bads. 

Apr.  10.  Griffith  s.  of  George  Lloyd. 

Apr.  15.  Thomas  s.  of  Antony  Jones,  corvicer. 

Apr.  15.  Hester  d.  of  Thomas  Pikes. 

Apr.  24.  David  s.  of  William  Jenkin. 

Apr.  29.  Martha  d.  of  William  Griffith. 

Apr.  29.  Elizabeth  d.  of  James  Evans. 

May  6.  Roger  s.  of  William  Jones. 

May  13.  Jenett  and  Gwenllian  ds.  of  Lewis  Humphrey. 

May  13.  Sarah  d.  of  William  Bevan. 

May  31.  John  s.  of  William  Harrys. 

Jun.  3.  Priscilla  d.  of  Carmen  Walter. 

Jun.  9.  David  s.  of  Thomas  John. 

Jun.  10.  Edward  s.  of  Francis  John. 

Jun.  17.  Bonaventure  s.  of  William  Cole. 

Jun.  24.  Mary  d.  of  Rees  Thomas  Jenkin. 

Jul.  15.  Stephen  s.  of  William  Thomas. 

Jul.  17.  Jane  d.  of  Humphrey  Aubrey. 

Jul.  22.  Joan  d.  of  James  Thomas. 

Jul.  22.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Thomas  Williams. 

Jul.  29.  Thomas  s.  of  William  David  John. 

Jul.  30.  Mary  d.  of  John  Philips,  gent. 

Aug.  I.  Anne  d.  of  Gwalter  Thomas. 

Aug.  10.     John  s.  of  John  Lewis. 

Sep.  23.      Johanna  d.  of  Richard  John. 

Oct.  2.        Griffith  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Oct.  2.       John  s.  of  Maurice  Rees. 


58  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Oct.  4.  Roger  s.  of  John  Williams. 

Oct.  7.  John  s.  of  Morgan  Williams. 

Oct.  7.  Charles  s.  of  Daniel  Thomas. 

Oct.  7.  Sage  d.  of  William  Gwynn. 

Oct.  9.  Rees  s.  of  Thomas  Manwayring,  gent. 

Oct.  17.  William  s.  of  David  Bevan. 

Oct.  17.  Anne  d.  of  John  Thomas. 

Oct.  21.  Robert  s.  of  John  Morgan. 

Oct.  23.  Richard  s.  of  Richard  Muggle. 

Oct.  30.  Thomas  s.  of  John  Rees. 

Nov.  II.  John  s.  of  Richard  John  David. 

Nov.  25.  Roger  s.  of  Thomas  Lewis. 

Nov.  25.  Stephen  s.  of  Richard  Jones. 

Dec.  2.  Thomas  s.  of  Jeremiah  William. 

Dec.  9.  Thomas  s.  of  Moris  Bowen. 

Dec.  14.  John  s.  of  John  David. 

Dec.  18.  Mary  d.  of  Moris  Hugh. 

Dec.  30.  Richard  s.  of  John  Harrys. 

Jan.  3.  Mary  d.  of  John  Scurlocke,  gent. 

Jan.  8.  Eynon  s.  of  Thomas  John. 

Jan.  8.  Anne  d.  of  Philip  Jones. 

Jan.  27.  William  s.  of  Thomas  Harry. 

Jan.  30.  Edward  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Feb.  13.  John  s.  of  Richard  Woods. 

Mar.  3.  Antony  s.  of  William  Morrice. 

Mar.  6.  Catherine  d.  of  David  Vaughan. 

Mar.  24.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Owen  Lewis. 

1689. 

Apr.  I.  d.  of  Grif&th  Morgan. 

Apr.  2.  s.  of  John  Richard  David. 

Apr.  15.  David  s.  of  David  Philips. 

Apr.  21.  Moris  s.  of  William  David. 

Apr.  21.  Thomas  s.  of  Antony  Lloyd. 

May  2.  Elenor  d.  of  Thomas  Jenkin. 

May  2.  Sara  d.  of  Thomas  Lewis. 

May  15.  Dorothy  d.  of  Stephen  Weeden. 

May  9.  Anne  d.  of  Nathaniel  Wooldrig. 

May  12.  Sage  d.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

May  20.  Jane  d.  of  John  Muggle. 

May  25.  Jane  d.  of  John  Shadock. 

May  30.  Richard  s.  of  Lewis  Humphrey. 

Jun.  9.  Elizabeth  d.  of  William  Morgan. 

Jun.  16.  Elizabeth  d.  of  John  Walter. 


Baptisms,  1689.  59 

Jun.  21.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Edmond  Copner,  clerk. 

Jun.  23,  Sara  d.  of  Richard  Thomas. 

Jun.  28.  Henry  s.  of  John  Evans,  clerk. 

Jun.  30.  Grif&th  s.  of  Rees  Harrys. 

Jul.  5.  Alice  d.  of  Thomas  Denham. 

Jul.  25.  John  s.  of  Thomas  Davy. 

Aug.  3.  Edmund  s.  of  Hector  Harrys. 

Aug.  4.  Daniel  s.  of  Edward  John. 

Aug.  II.  John  s.  of  Richard  Rees  Howell. 

Aug.  II.  Blanch  d.  of  John  Moris  Mathew. 

Aug.  II.  Mary  d.  of  William  Thomas. 

Sep.  26.  Mary  d.  of  John  Griffith  David. 

Oct.  6.  Richard  s.  of  Edward  Lloyd. 

Oct.  16.  Coursey  s.  of  Thomas  Bowen,  apothecary. 

Oct.  17.  Antony  s.  of  David  William. 

Oct.  20.  Catherine  d.  of  Jenkin  Rees. 

Oct.  31.  William  s.  of  William  Harry. 

Nov.  5.  Sara  d.  of  Thomas  John,  tanner. 

Nov.  14.  Anne  d.  of  Robert  Lewis. 

Nov.  23.  Vaughan  s.  of  John  Philips. 

Nov.  28.  Mary  d.  of  John  Bath. 

Nov.  30.  Anne  d.  of  William  Thomas. 

Jan.  3.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Francis  Thomas. 

Jan.  5.  Antony  s.  of  Charles  John. 

Jan.  5.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Griffith  Williams. 

Jan.  12.  Thomas  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

Jan.  14.  Thomas  s.  of  Evan  David. 

Jan.  16.  John  s.  of  James  Thomas. 

Jan.  21.  Jonathan  s.  of  John  Scurlock. 

Jan.  23.  Mary  d.  of  Maurice  William. 

Feb.  2.  Mary  d.  of  John  Lewis. 

Feb.  2.  Margaret  d.  of  William  Dennis. 

Feb.  16.  Elizabeth  d.  of  James  Morgans. 

Feb.  17.  Joan  d.  of  John  Jones,  gent. 

Feb.  23.  Richard  s.  of  John  Rees. 

Feb.  23.  Mary  d.  of  Hugh  David. 

Mar.  4.  Franklein  s.  of  Stephen  Morgan. 

Mar.  II.  Anne  d.  of  Richard  John  Richard. 

Mar.  17.  Richard  s.  of  Richard  Lewis. 

Mar.  20.  Benjamin  s.  of  Edward  Howell. 

Mar.  21.  Peter  s.  of  Antony  Lloyd,  Butcher. 

1690. 

[Note  :   The  entries  for  this  year  are  missing.] 


6o  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

1691.1 

Mar.  25.  William  and  Mary,  children  of  Richard  John. 

Mar.  29.  John  s.  of  Thomas  Dicks. 

Mar.  29.  fil'  of  Edward  Lloyd. 

Apr.  19.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Isaac  Williams. 

Apr.  20.  Esther  d.  of  David  Philips. 

Apr.  23.  Frances  d.  of  David  Bond. 

Apr.  26.  Jonathan  s.  of  Evan  David. 

Apr.  26.  Elizabeth  d.  of  David  Eynon. 

May  I.  Lettice  d.  of  Evan  Davies. 

May  3.  Honor  d.  of  Richard  Lewis. 

May  3.  John,  natural  s.  of  Richard  Wood. 

May  10.  Mary  d.  of  Martin  Beynon. 

May  II.  Elizabeth  d.  of  David  William. 

May  14.  Lettice  d.  of  John  Michael. 

May  16.  Anne  d.  of  Evan  Griffith. 

May  19.  John  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

May  31.  Thomas  s.  of  John  Richard  David. 

May  31.  Margaret  d.  of  William  Jenkins. 

Jun.  21.  Charles  s.  of  Philip  Jones. 

Jun.  21.  Martha  d.  of  Rees  Thomas  Jenkin. 

Jun.  24.  Margaret  d.  of  WilUam  Griffith. 

Jul.  2.  Martha  d.  of  Hector  Harries. 

Jul.  5.  Thomas  s.  of  Thomas  Harry. 

Jul.  5.  William  s.  of  William  Bevan. 

Jul.  9.  Henry  s.  of  William  Harry. 

Jul.  14.  Maud  d.  of  Thomas  Lewis. 

Jul.  17.  Lettice  d.  of  Robert  Harry. 

Jul.  19.  Thomas  s.  of  Thomas  Rogers. 

Jul.  19.  Anne  d.  of  John  James. 

Jul.  26.  Katherine  d.  of  John  Lloyd. 

Aug.  16.  David  s.  of  Maurice  John. 

Aug.  16.  David  s.  of  Richard  Thomas. 

Aug.  16.  Mary  d.  of  John  Richard. 

Aug.  28.  David  s.  of  William  Evan. 

Aug.  28.  John  s.  of  William  Robert. 

Aug.  30.  Robert  s.  of  John  Davies. 

Sep.  3.  William  s.  of  Charles  John. 

Sep.  13.  Henry  s.  of  Thomas  David  Bevan, 

Sep.  13.  David  s.  of  William  Thomas. 

Sep.  13.  John  s.  of  Hopkin  Daukins. 

Sep.  13.  John  s.  of  Howell  Thomas. 

Oct.  7.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

^  The  entries  for  this  year  are  missing  in  the  Register,  and  are  sup- 
plied from  the  transcript. 


Baptisms,  1691.  61 


Oct.  8.  David  s.  of  Maurice  ap  Rees. 

Oct.  13.  Samuel  s.  of  John  Jackson. 

Oct.  18.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Morgan  Lewis. 

Oct.  18.  William  s.  of  John  Morrice  Mathew. 

Oct.  24.  Roger  s.  of  Roger  Baill. 

Oct.  25.  Thomas  s.  of  William  Cole. 

Oct.  25.  Richard  s.  of  John  Walter  Rees. 

Oct.  27.  Althamia  d.  of  Rees  David. 

Nov.  I.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Richard  Lewis. 

Nov.  I.  Honora  d.  of  William  Lewis 

Nov.  I.  Sarah  d.  of  David  John. 

Nov.  4.  Bridget  d.  of  John  Ma  .   .   . 

Nov.  7.  Thomas  s.  of  Philip  Jones. 

Nov.  8.  James  s.  of [FitzGeraldJ. 

Nov.  12.  Mary  d.  of  Griffith  .   .   . 

Nov,  17,  Jonathan  s.  of  Tho  .  .  . 

Nov.  19.  Elizabeth  d.  of  .  .  .  Morgan. 

Nov.  20.  John,  natural  s.  of  Richard  Stephen. 

Nov.  26.  John  s.  of  William  Lewis. 

Nov.  29.  Rachel  d.  of  John  .   .   . 

Dec.  7.  Rachel,  natural  d.  of  .   .   . 

Dec.  13.  John  s.  of  William  .   .   . 

Dec.  17.  ...  fil'  of  Maurice  Hugh. 

Jan.  8.  Anne  d.  of  John  Thomas. 

Jan.  10.  Margaret  d.  of  John  James. 

Jan.  10.  Mary  d.  of  .   .  .  Richard. 

Jan.  21.  Anne  d.  of  Humphrey  Richard. 

Jan.  21.  Matherine  d.  of  .   .   .  Lloyd. 

Jan.  24.  Margaret  d.  of  Gualter  Hughes. 

Jan.  27.  Jane  d.  of  John  Rees. 

Jan.  31.  Richard  s.  of  David  Robert. 

Jan.  31.  Samuel  s.  of  .  .  . 

Feb.  .    .  Elizabeth  d.  of  .   .   .  Lewis. 

Feb.  .    .  John  s.  of  .  .  . 

[Several  illegible  entries  occur  here. 

Mar.  I.  Maurice  s.  of  .  .   . 

Mar.  II.  Anne  d.  of  John  .  .  . 

Mar.  20.  Anne  d.  of  Richard  Jones. 

Mar.  22.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Thomas  Powell. 

Mar fil'  of  James  David. 

1692. 

Mar.  25.  Thomas  s.  of  Charles  Evan. 

Mar.  30.  Anne  d.  of  Thomas  Richard. 

Apr.  3.  Gualter  s.  of  Richard  Rees  Howell. 


62  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Apr.  5.  Jonathan  s.  of  Stephen  Morgan. 

Apr.  5.  Sara  d.  of  Maurice  James. 

Apr.  17.  Mary  d.  of  David  Philips. 

Apr.  18.  Anne  d.  of  Thomas  Jenkins. 

Apr.  21.  Sylvanus  and  George  sons  of  Daniel  Jones. 

Apr.  25.  John  s.  of  George  Morrice. 

May  I .  Elizabeth  d.  of  Gualter  Harry. 

May  3.  Sarah  d.  of  Henry  Rees. 

May  8.  Rebecka  d.  of  Rees  Lloyd. 

May  8.  Bridget  d.  of  Griffith  Morgan. 

May  8.  James  s.  of  Henry  Shaddock. 

May  15.  Charles  s.  of  David  Bond. 

May  22.  Maurice  s.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

May  22.  Anthony  s.  of  Thomas  Lewis. 

May  29.  Margaret  d.  of  Richard  Lloyd. 

May  30.  Jane  d.  of  John  Beth. 

May  31.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Hector  Harryes. 

Jul.  7.  Hannah  d.  of  John  Aubrey. 

Jul.  10.  John  s.  of  Thomas  John. 

Jul.  10.  Humphrey  s.  of  James  Evan. 

Jul.  20,  Margaret  d.  of  William  David. 

Jul.  31.  Thomas  s.  of  George  David. 

Aug.  I.  Lewis  s.  of  John  Murfil. 

Aug.  2.  Elizabeth  d.  of  William  Jones. 

Aug.  7.  Martha  d.  of  William  Meredith. 

Aug.  14.  William  s.  of  John  Rees. 

Aug.  21.  George  s.  of  Richard  Thomas. 

Aug.  23  John  s.  of  Abraham  John. 

Aug.  28.  Elizabeth  natural  d.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

Sep.  II.  Jane  d.  of  Richard  John. 

Sep.  II.  Mary  d.  of  Griffith  Lewis  Philip. 

Sep.  20.  Francis  s.  of  Thomas  Rogers. 

Sep.  29.  Thomas  s.  of  John  Giles. 

Sep.  29.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Morgan  John. 

Sep.  30.  Maurice  s.  of  Maurice  Morrice. 

Oct.  4.  David  s.  of  Thomas  John. 

Oct.  9.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Lewis. 

Oct.  9.  John  s.  of  WilUam  Lewis. 

Oct.  16.  William  s.  of  John  Jones. 

Oct.  18.  Gualter  s.  of  Evan  William. 

Oct.  20.  Mary  d.  of  James  Corbet. 

Oct.  23.  Evan  s.  of  John  William. 

Oct.  23.  John  s.  of  John  ap  John. 

Oct.  30.  Thomas  s.  of  David  William. 

Nov.  5.  Margaret  d.  of  Thomas  Lewis. 


Baptisms,  1692.  63 

Nov.  18.  John  s.  of  George  Butterwicke. 

Nov.  20.  Jonathan  s.  of  John  Losky. 

Nov.  27.  Anne  d.  of  James  Philip. 

Dec.  4.  Mary  d.  of  Maurice  John. 

Dec.  15.  Lettice  d.  of  Stephen  Evan. 

Dec.  15.  Anne  d.  of  Mathias  Harry. 

Dec.  25.  Frances  d.  of  David  Hugh. 

Dec.  27.  Mary  d.  of  William  Robert. 

Dec.  28.  Edward  s.  of  Griffith  John. 

Jan.  6.  Edward  s.  of  Philip  Jones,  clerk. 

Jan.  8.  John  s.  of  David  Thomas. 

Jan.  15.  Mary  d.  of  Griffith  Morgan. 

Jan.  29.  Richard  s.  of  Maurice  David  Bevan. 

Jan.  29.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Richard  Harry. 

Feb.  I.  Richard  s.  of  Peter  Evan. 

Feb.  5.  John  s.  of  Griffith  Rees. 

Feb.  9.  David  s.  of  John  Morrice  Mathews. 

Feb.  16.  John  s.  of  John  Walter  Rees. 

Feb.  24.  Vaughan  s.  of  John  Philips. 

Feb.  26.  David  s.  of  Morgan  Hancock. 

Mar.  I.  Elizabeth,  Priscilla,  Hannah,  and  Martha,  ds.  of  John  John. 

Mar.  17.  Jane  d.  of  David  John. 

Mar.  19.  John  s.  of  Richard  John  David. 

Mar.  19.  Ellu  d.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

1693.1 

Mar.  29.  Jonett  d.  of  John  ap  John. 

Mar.  31.  Anne  d.  of  Griffith  William,  gent. 

Apr.  I.  Sylvanus  s.  of  Daniel  John. 

Apr.  5.  Ailitha  d.  of  John  Edwards,  gent. 

Apr.  5.  Jonathan  s.  of  Jenkin  Rees. 

Apr.  9.  Mauld  d.  of  David  Evan. 

Apr.  II.  Joseph  s.  of  Robert  Bevan. 

Apr.  II.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Rees. 

May  I.  -Vincent  and  Gualter,    natural  sons  of  John  Maddock  by 

Anne  Morrice. 

May  4.  Esther  d.  of  James  Morgan. 

May  .    .  Mary  d.  of  William  Morgan. 

May  14.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Morgan. 

May  28.  Daniel  s.  of  Evan  David. 

May  28.  Katherine  d.  of  Rees  William. 

Jun.  4.  Mawd  d.  of  John  David. 

Jun.  .    .  Mary  d.  of  John  Bynon. 

"■  The  entries  for  this  year  are  missing  from  the  Register,  and  have 
been  supplied  from  the  transcript. 


64  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Jun.  II.  Jane  d.  of  John  James. 

Jun.  18.  Gwenllian  d.  of  Lewis  Humphrey. 

Jun.  19.  Lucy  d.  of  John  David. 

Jun.  23.  Aron  s.  of  George  Ashton. 

Jun.  26.  William  s.  of  Gualter  Harry  Griffith. 

Jun.  26.  Moris  s.  of  William  David. 

Jul.  2.  Thomas  s.  of  John  Donne. 

Jul.  4.  Griffith  s.  of  James  Thomas. 

Jul.  13.  William  s.  of  William  Harry  Rees. 

Jul.   . .  Benjamin  s.  of  John  Yarnall. 

Aug.  8.  Richard  s.  of  William  Thomas. 

Aug.  II.  Benjamin  s.  of  Humphrey  Richard. 

Aug.  12.  John  s.  of  Francis  Jones. 

Aug.  20.  William  s.  of  John  Richard. 

Aug.  27.  Rees  and  Mary  children  of  Maurice  Powell. 

Aug.  27.  David  s.  of  .   .   .  Charles. 

Aug.  27.  Morgan  s.  of  Thomas  John. 

Sep.  3.  Morgan  s.  of  David  Harry. 

Sep.  6.  David  s.  of  John  Morgan. 

Sep.  6.  Martha  d.  of  William  [Tery]. 

Sep.  10.  Philip  s.  of  Evan  PhiUp. 

Sep.  10.  Lucy  d.  of  Edward  John. 

Sep.  12.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Lewis. 

Sep.  19.  Dorothy  d.  of  William  David. 

Sep.  20.  Anne  d.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

Oct.  6.  David  and  John  sons  of  John  Scurlocke. 

Oct.  II.  William  s.  of  Lewis  Bowen. 

Oct.  18.  Thomas  natural  s.  of  John  Muggall. 

Oct.  24.  Mary  d.  of  Robert  Evan. 

Nov.  7.  Sarah  d.  of  Rees  David  Rees. 

Nov.  8.  Josiah  s.  of  Roger  Bayle. 

Nov.  12.  David  s.  of  Morgan  John  William. 

Nov.  12.  George  s.  of  John  Howell. 

Nov.  14.  David  s.  of  Morgan  Rees. 

Nov.  14.  Thomas  s.  of  Gualter  Hughes. 

Nov.  26.  Sarah  d.  of  Griffith  Thomas. 

Nov.  27.  Jane  d.  of  Charles  John. 

Dec.  2.  George  natural  s.  of  George  Evan. 

Dec.  10.  Jane  d.  of  James  Paine. 

Dec.  25.  Jonett  d.  of  William  Thomas. 

Jan.  I.  Thomas  s.  of  John  Newsham. 

Jan.  9.  John  s.  of  John  Evans. 

Jan.  II.  Mary  d.  of  Griffith  Joseph. 

Jan.  14.  Richard  s.  of  Edward  Rees. 

Jan.  28.  Martha  d.  of  Thomas  Harry. 


Baptisms,  1693. 


65 


Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb. 
Feb.  28 
Mar.  II 


4- 
II. 

17- 
22. 

23- 

27. 


Anne  d.  of  Rouland  David. 

William  s.  of  David  John. 

Thomas  s.  of  Griffith  Morgan. 

Lattice  illegitimate  d.  of  Thomas  David. 

Hester  d.  of  Philip  Jones,  clerk. 

Mary  d.  of  David  Griffith. 

David  s.  of  Anthony  Lloyd. 

David  s.  of  Thomas  Rees. 


Apr.  2. 
Apr.  6. 
Apr.  10 
Apr.  15 
Apr.  29 
May  13 
May  13 
May  20 
May  24 
May  24 
May  24 
May  28 
Jun.  I. 
Jun.  3. 
Jun.  17. 
Jun.  24. 
Jul.  7. 
Jul.  15. 
Jul.  15. 
Aug.  7. 
Aug.  12. 
Aug.  14. 
Aug.  19- 
Aug.  28. 
Sep.  2. 
Sep.  2. 
Sep.  3. 
Sep.  19. 
Sep.  22. 
Oct.  7. 
Oct.  7. 
Oct.  14. 
Oct.  14. 


1694.1 

Elizabeth  d.  of  Evan  Griffith. 

Thomas  s.  of  John  Aubrey. 

Francis  s.  of  Francis  Lloyd. 

Thomas  s.  of  John  William. 

Thomas  s.  of  William  Thomas. 

John  s.  of  David  Andrew. 

Jane  d.  of  Humphrey  Aubrey. 

Richard  s.  of  George  David. 

Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Powell,  mayor  of  the  town. 

Anne  d.  of  John  Richard  David. 

Thomas  s.  of  Richard  Philip. 

Maud  d.  of  Maurice  William. 

Mary  d.  of  Peter  Evan. 

William  s.  of  Thomas  William. 

John  s.  of  Edward  Lloyd. 

John  s.  of  William  Griffith. 

Thomas  s.  of  John  James. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  Henry  Grifftth. 

Elizabeth  d.  of  John  Pikes. 

Hector  s.  of  Isaac  Bernard. 

Thomas  John  Jones. 

Thomas  s.  of  John  Jones. 

Gualter  s.  of  Maurice  William. 

Elen  d.  of  Evan  William. 

William  s.  of  Robert  Lewis. 

William  s.  of  Henry  David. 

James  s.  of  John  Glasby. 

David  s.  of  Thomas  Griffith  Philip. 

Katherine  d.  of  Thomas  Rogers,  alderman. 

David  s.  of  John  Edwards,  gent. 

Richard  s.  of  John  Evan. 

Richard  s.  of  William  Nicholas. 

Martha  d.  of  Th.  Bevan. 


^  The  entries  for  this  year  are  missing  from  the  Register,  and  have 
been  supplied  from  the  transcript. 
£ 


66  Register  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen. 

Oct.  21.  Martha  d.  of  Richard  Lewis. 

Oct.  21.  Mary  d.  of  John  Lloyd. 

Nov.  4.  William  s.  of  WUliam  Jenkin. 

Nov.  8.  Elizabeth  d.  of  Edward  Howells,  gent. 

Nov.  29.  Hannah  d.  of  John  Ashton. 

Dec.  12.  William  s.  of  Maurice  David  Bevan. 

Dec.  22.  Mary  d.  of  Richard  Joseph. 

Jan.  5.  fil'  of  William  Morrice. 

Jan.  13.  Jane  natural  d.  of  Elizabeth  Lumley. 

Jan.  13.  Sarah  d.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

Jan.  13.  Mary  d.  of  Samuel  Orchard. 

Jan.  21.  John  natural  s.  of  Elizabeth  Lions. 

Feb.  10.  fir  of  George  Butterwicke. 

Feb.  17.  Sarah  d.  of  Lewis  Richard. 

Mar.  3.  William  s.  of  Maurice  Hugh. 

Mar.  3.  David  s.  of  Evan  David. 

Mar.  8.  Jonett  d.  of  John  Thomas. 

Mar.  10.  Mary  d.  of  Thomas  Griffith. 

Mar.  10.  Mary  d.  of  John  Thomas. 

Mar.  17.  John  s.  of  Evan  Griffith. 

1695-1698. 

[Note  :  The  entries  for  the  years  1695 — 1698  inclusive  are  missing.] 


[To  be  continued  in  Vol.  X.'\ 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


By  FRANCIS  GREEN. 


The  recent  discovery  of  a  mass  of  ancient  treasures  in 
Egypt  makes  one  long  for  a  similar  event  in  this  country, 
which  would  throw  light  on  the  social  life  of  the  early 
inhabitants  of  West  Wales.  Unfortunately,  there  is 
little  probability  of  a  hoard  on  such  a  scale  being  found, 
and  investigators  have  perforce  to  fall  back  on  such 
meagre  records  as  are  at  present  available.  The  subject 
is  one  of  very  large  scope,  and  it  is  proposed  in  this 
article  to  merely  touch  on  a  few  of  the  items  coming 
under  the  heading,  and  to  deal  more  particidarly  with 
Pembrokeshire. 

One  of  the  most  important  factors  in  the  life  of  the 
residents  of  any  country  is  the  S3^stem  of  land  tenure 
prevailing  in  their  land.  It  seems  clear  from  such  evidence 
as  is  available,  that  in  very  early  days  the  tribal  system 
prevailed  in  Wales,  that  is  to  say  the  land  was  vested 
in  the  tribe  and  not  in  the  individual,  but  by  the  time 
of  Howell  Dda  this  sj^stem  seems  to  have  become  some- 
what modified,  and  the  land  appears  to  have  been  divided 
into  estates  belonging  to  groups  of  families,  each  group 
being  called  a  Gwele  or  bed.  The  succession  of  land  on 
the  death  of  an  Uchelwr  or  chief  of  a  house  in  the  time 
of  Howell  Dda,  is  very  clearly  explained  in  the  Welsh 
People  as  follows  : — 

'  The  land  of  the  deceased  was  first  of  all  divided  between 
all  his  sons.  If  there  were  no  buildings  on  the  land,  the 
youngest  son  was  to  divide  all  the  patrimony,  and  the 


68  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

eldest  was  to  choose  which  portion  he  would  take,  and 
each  in  seniority  chose  unto  the  youngest.  If  there  were 
buildings  on  the  land,  the  youngest  brother  but  one  was 
to  divide  the  Tyddynau  (homesteads),  and  the  youngest 
was  to  have  his  choice  among  them  ;  and  after  that  he 
was  to  divide  all  the  patrimony,  and  by  seniority  they 
were  to  choose  unto  the  youngest.  That  division  was  not 
final,  but  onl3^  continued  during  the  lives  of  the  brothers. 
After  the  brothers  were  dead  their  sons  (first  cousins) 
divided  the  patrimony  again  per  capita,  and  not  per 
stirpes  ;  the  heir  of  the  youngest  brother  divided,  and 
the  heir  of  the  eldest"  brother  chose,  and  so  by  seniority 
unto  the  youngest.  This  division  again  was  not  final, 
but  only  continued  till  all  the  first  cousins  were  dead  ; 
when  that  time  arrived  there  was  a  final  division  per 
capita  among  the  second  cousins,  i.e.,  the  great-grand- 
children of  the  original  head  of  the  Gwele.' 

The  Gwele  system,  or  a  modification  of  it  continued 
long  after  the  advent  of  the  Normans  into  Pembroke- 
shire, and  in  1326  was  still  in  existence  in  that  county 
as  well  as  in  Cardiganshire  and  Carmarthenshire,  side  by 
side  with  land  held  by  Norman  tenure.  For  how  long 
the  Gwele  system  continued  to  exist  in  Pembrokeshire 
is  unknown,  but  there  is  no  doubt  that,  as  the  joint 
owners  and  beneficiaries  of  such  holdings  realised  the 
disadvantages  of  the  S3'stem,  it  gradually  disappeared, 
and  the  writer  can  recollect  no  trace  of  its  continuance 
after  the  reign  of  Richard  III.  As  might  be  expected, 
the  Gweli  tenure  disappeared  earlier  in  the  south  half  of 
Pembrokeshire  than  in  the  north  portion.  Thus  the 
Black  Book  of  St.  Davids  shows  that  the  Welsh  tenure 
had  apparently  died  out  in  Lamphey  by  1326,  while  at 
Lawrenny  there  is  mention  made  of  only  one  holding 
which,  in  1326,  was  obviously  held  under  the  system. 

The  Norman  invaders  on  landing  in  Pembrokeshire 
naturally  seized  upon  good  defencible  positions  and  en- 
trenched themselves  with  banks  and  ditches.  Having 
made  good  their  foothold  they  proceeded  to  strengthen 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  69 

their  camps.  If  timber  was  available  they  probably- 
erected  wooden  pallisades  on  the  tops  of  the  banks,  and 
this  explains  the  reiterated  statements  in  the  Annales 
Cambrics  that  the  castles  were  burnt,  and  very  shortly 
afterwards  were  rebuilt,  in  an  incredibly  short  space  of 
time  if  the  defences  had  been  built  of  masonry.  Con- 
siderably later  on  stone-built  castles  were  erected. 
There  is  no  record  that  there  were  any  stone-built  build- 
ings in  use  in  West  Wales  at  the  time  of  the  Norman 
invasion,  or  for  many  years  later  on,  and  this  absence  of 
masonry  indicates  the  set-back  in  civilization,  which  had 
occurred  after  the  departure  of  the  Romans  from  Britain, 
whose  substantial  stone  and  brick  buildings  must  have 
been  familiar  to  considerable  numbers  of  the  native 
population  of  England  and  Wales. 

As  the  Norman  lords  gradually  established  their 
authority  over  the  area  immediately  round  their  forts, 
they  made  small  grants  of  land  to  their  followers,  who 
built  their  houses  in  close  contiguity  to  the  forts.  This 
system  was  advantageous  alike  to  the  lords  and  their 
tenants.  The  latter  in  the  event  of  an  attack  by  the 
Welsh  were  able  to  seek  refuge  in  the  forts,  and  the 
former  thus  secured  much-needed  reinforcements  for 
their  garrisons.  Such  grants  were  no  doubt  made  on 
condition  that  the  tenants  should  serve,  when  required, 
in  the  armies  of  the  Norman  landlords.  As  time  rolled 
on  traders  and  small  manufacturers,  such  as  w^eavers  and 
artizans,  settled  alongside  of  the  lord's  tenants,  and 
gradually  these  settlements  became  small  towns,  some 
of  which  obtained  charters  giving  them  certain  privi- 
leges. That  the  above  system  v/as  followed  is  evident 
from  the  existing  records,  which  show  that  the  regular 
garrisons  of  the  Edwardian  castles  in  Wales  were  ex- 
tremely small  and  entirely  inadequate  to  repel  an  as- 
sault, and  it  is  obvious  that  the  defence  relied  on  rein- 
forcements from  the  tenants  residing  outside  of  and 
close  to  the  castles. 

For  some  years  after  the  invasion  of  Pembrokeshire 


70  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

b}'  the  Normans,  the  Welsh  inhabitants  of  the  county 
must  have  been  in  desperate  straits.  Their  property 
was  constantly  being  destroyed  in  the  struggle  between 
the  rival  Welsh  lords,  and  in  addition  there  were  steady 
encroachments  being  made  by  the  Normans.  It  is 
singular  that  this  unequal  struggle  was  maintained  so 
long.  The  Normans  were  frequently  shut  up  in  their 
forts,  sometimes  in  dire  peril,  and  at  best  could  at  times 
only  hold  such  lands  as  were  practically  in  sight  of  their 
strongholds.  This  may  partially  be  accounted  for  by 
the  fact  that  it  was  difficult  to  get  reinforcements  owing 
to  the  feudal  system  prevailing  in  England,  under  which 
the  lords  there  had  enough  to  do  to  supply  their  own 
quota  of  men  required  for  the  numerous  wars  then  pre- 
vailing. 

But  in  time  the  Normans  were  able  to  extend  their 
sphere  of  influence,  and  to  apportion  their  captured 
possessions  amongst  their  followers  to  be  held  under  the 
Norman  tenure.  In  some  cases,  however,  for  instance  in 
Kernes,  the  Norman  lords  came  to  terms  with  the  Welsh 
landowners,  and  the  latter  were  permitted  to  hold  their 
lands,  or  such  portions  of  it  as  they  were  allowed  to  re- 
tain, according  to  the  Welsh  tenure,  which  as  pointed  out 
above  was  a  modification  of  the  tribal  system.  Norman 
and  Welsh  tenures  thus  existed  side  by  side  in  man^^ 
individual  lordships,  not  onl}^  in  Pembrokeshire,  but  also 
in  Glamorganshire. 

Now  under  the  feudal  law  the  land  was  held  to  belong 
to  the  king,  who  made  grants  of  it  to  his  lords  usually 
by  knight's  service,  and  these  lords  in  turn  made  grants 
of  portions  of  the  land  to  their  esquires  and  others  on 
very  similar  terms,  and  these  again  often  leased  the 
land  or  made  grants  copyhold  or  otherwise  to  sub-tenants. 
Tenants  holding  by  knight's  service  had  to  provide  a 
certain  number  of  men  to  serve  their  landlords  in  the 
wars,  and  in  addition  to  this  obligation  were  subject 
to  scutage,  attendance  at  fortnightly  courts  of  the  manor 
or  lordship  to  which  their  lands  belonged,  wardship  and 
marriage. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By -gone  Days.  71 

Scutage  was  a  money  payment  towards  furnishing  the 
king's  army,  and  usually  amounted  to  from  one  to  three 
marks  per  knight's  fee.  Under  wardship  the  chief  lord 
was  entitled  to  the  custody  of  the  heir  of  a  deceased 
tenant,  and  to  the  rents  of  his  lands  until  such  heir  came 
of  age,  and  the  chief  lord  was  also  entitled  to  the  marriage 
of  an  heiress  of  a  deceased  tenant  while  she  was  under 
age,  that  is  to  say  she  could  not  marry  without  his  consent. 
As  a  matter  of  fact  the  consent  was  usually  given  on  pay- 
ment of  a  sum  of  money  by  either  the  aspirant  to  the 
hand  of  the  lady,  or  what  was  often  the  case  to  the  lands 
of  the  lady,  or  else  by  the  father  of  the  aspirant.  This 
right  of  marriage  was  strictly  enforced  until  the  abolition 
of  the  feudal  laws  in  1660,  and  runaway  matches  were 
then  rather  dangerous  and  apt  to  land  the  enterprising 
couple  into  difficulties.  In  addition  to  these  duties 
some  lands  were  subject  to  heriots,  that  is  to  say  the  land- 
lord on  the  death  of  his  tenant  was  entitled  to  the  best 
horse,  ox,  or  even  jewels,  the  particular  article  forming 
the  heriot  being  prescribed  by  the  custom  of  the  manor 
to  which  the  land  belonged. 

The  Norman  lords  generally  divided  their  lands  into 
manors,  and  the  tenants  of  these  manors  held  their  land 
by  copyhold  ;  in  other  words  they  usually  had  no  title 
deeds,  but  when  one  of  them  died  his  heir  attended  the 
court  of  the  manor,  and  was  admitted  as  tenant  of  the 
land  previously  held  by  his  deceased  father,  by  his  name 
being  substituted  in  the  rolls  of  the  manor,  a  fee  of  course 
being  paid  for  the  same.  In  like  manner,  when  a  tenant 
sold  his  land,  he  and  the  purchaser  attended  the  court 
and  the  vendor  having  surrendered  the  land  to  the  lord 
of  the  manor,  the  purchaser  was  admitted,  and  his  name 
entered  on  the  roll  in  place  of  that  of  the  vendor. 

The  tenants  held  their  land  according  to  the  custom 
of  the  manor  and  many  of  these  customs  were  extremely 
curious.  For  example,  the  custom  of  Talley  manor  in 
Carmarthenshire  is  that  even  at  the  present  time,  the 
youngest  son,  or  in  default  of  sons,  the  youngest  daughter 
inherits  the  land,  not  the  eldest. 


72  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

The  rights  of  the  lord  of  a  manor  even  after  the  Restora- 
tion were  valuable.  Thus  the  lord  of  Picton  Castle  in 
1685  was  entitled  to  hold  Courts  leet,  Courts  Baron,  and 
Views  of  Frank  pledge.  He  was  also  entitled  to  heriots, 
deodands,  waifs  and  strays,  the  goods  of  felons,  fugitives, 
attainted  persons,  suicides  and  outlaws,  and  also  to 
treasure  trove,  wrecks,  escheats,  fines  and  amercements, 
in  a  large  number  of  parishes.  In  like  manner  the  lord 
of  Walwinscastle  manor  had  similar  privileges,  and  in 
addition  had  free  fishery  in  the  waters  of  Martin's  Haven 
Pool,  and  was  also  entitled  to  royalties  and  to  market 
days  and  markets  in  Walwinscastle,  Sick,  and  Easting- 
ton. 

Now  the  clergy  usually  held  their  land  by  another 
tenure.  Generally  speaking  they  held  either  by  Frank- 
almoin,  under  which  no  services  were  due  to  the  grantors 
unless  it  were  the  prayers  of  the  clergy  for  the  donors, 
or  else  by  socage  under  which  a  rent  only  was  paid.  As 
the  holders  of  land  under  these  tenures  were  exempt 
from  military  service,  it  is  easy  to  realise  that  their 
tenants  were  better  off  than  those  holding  under  land- 
lords subject  to  knight's  service,  who  were  constantly 
liable  to  be  called  away  to  the  wars.  At  the  same  time 
all  the  clergy  did  not  hold  under  these  tenures,  for  in- 
stance the  bishop  of  St.  Davids  as  baron  of  Llawhaden 
held  that  barony  by  knight's  service,  and  there  were 
others  of  the  clergy  who  held  on  similar  terms. 

The  bishop  of  St.  Davids  was  in  effect  a  lord 
marcher  prior  to  1231,  and  it  is  highly  probable  that 
Norman  customs  and  land  tenure  had  been  partially 
established  in  the  lordship  of  Dewisland  by  Bernard, 
who  was  the  first  Norman  to  fill  the  see  of  St.  Davids. 
It  is  recorded  that  Henry  III.  granted  and  confirmed 
to  Adam  (probably  an  error  for  Anselm),  bishop  of  St. 
Davids,  all  the  rights  held  by  his  predecessors,  and  this 
grant  was  confirmed  by  a  charter  of  Richard  II.  to  Adam 
Houghton,  who  was  given  by  the  same  charter  all  the 
liberties  enjoyed  by  any  lords  marcher  in  their  lordships. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By -gone  Days.  73 

Apparently  this  charter  appUed  not  only  to  the  bishop's 
lands  in  Llawhaden,  but  also  to  his  possessions  in  Dewis- 
land. 

Considerable  light  is  thrown  by  the  Black  Book  of  St. 
Davids  on  the  tenures  by  which  the  bishop's  tenants 
held  their  houses  and  lands  in  the  year  1326.  These 
tenants  may  be  roughly  classified  into — 

1.  Burgesses,  i.e.,  tenants  who  held  houses  and  lands  in 

towns  in  the  lordship. 

2.  Those  who  held  land  outside  of  the  towns. 

The  burgesses  may  for  our  purpose  be  divided  into 
two  classes,  (a)  those  who  held  their  tenements  and  burg- 
age lands  by  deed,  and  [b)  those  who  held  their  tenements 
without  deeds.  Presumably  the  last  mentioned  class  held 
their  property  by  copyhold,  that  is  to  say,  their  title 
consisted  of  entries  in  the  court  rolls  of  the  manor,  and 
it  is  more  than  probable  that  in  the  case  of  those  burgesses 
who  held  by  deed,  such  deeds  were  required  to  be  enrolled 
on  the  manorial  rolls. 

Tenants  of  land  outside  of  the  towns,  in  like  manner 
held  by  deed  or  without  deed,  and  rent  payable  in  cash 
or  in  kind  and  other  services  were,  generally  speaking, 
payable  by  all  tenants,  whether  in  towns  or  in  the  country, 
and  the  Black  Book  of  St.  Davids  states  that  such  rentals 
(so  far  at  all  events  as  Trevine  was  concerned)  were  fixed 
in  the  time  of  Bishop  Anselm. 

The  limits  of  the  town  or  borough  of  St.  Davids  is 
unfortunately  not  defined  by  the  Black  Book  of  St.  Davids, 
and  it  might  very  well  be  supposed  that  the  borough 
corresponded  with  the  division  of  the  parish  known  as 
Cylch-y-dre.  For  the  information  of  those  who  are  un- 
acquainted with  the  parish,  it  should  be  mentioned  that 
the  parish  is  divided  into  cylchs  (circles),  and  these 
divisions  still  appear  in  the  Rate  Books  of  the  parish. 

These  divisions  of  the  parish  existed  prior  to  1268,  as 
a  statute  of  Bishop  Adam  Houghton  states  that  Philip 
Caunton,  archdeacon  of  Cardigan,  asserted  in  a  petition 
to  the  bishop,  that  his  predecessors,   as   canons  of   St. 


74  Pembrokeshire  in  By -gone  Days. 

Davids  Cathedral,  had  enjoyed  a  certain  prebend  lying 
between  the  city  of  St.  Davids  and  the  sea  (evidently  the 
cylch,  afterwards  known  as  Cylch  Gwaelod-y-mor) ,  which 
said  prebend  did  not  circularize  amongst  the  canons  as 
did  the  other  prebends  of  the  cathedral,  but  had  from 
of  old,  been  united  to  his  archdeaconry. 

The  divisions  in  question  are  known  as  Cylch-y-dre, 
Cylch  Gwaelod-y-mor,  Cylch  Bychan,  and  Cylch  Mawr. 
It  seems  clear,  however,  that  if  the  borough  in  1326 
corresponded  with  Cylch-y-dre,  the  cylch  must  have 
subsequenth^  been  considerably  enlarged,  as  the  area  of 
the  borough  at  the  former  date  is  stated  to  have  been 
only  73  acres  30  perches,^  while  the  acreage  (of  the 
cylch)  given  in  a  Rate-book  for  1870  is  1515  acres. ^ 
Moreover,  the  Black  Book  of  St.  Davids  states  that 
the  bishop  had  three  water  mills,  i.e.,  '  the  mill  near 
{jiixta)  the  town  of  St.  Davids  ....';  this  mill  is 
evidently  the  one  now  known  as  Lower  Mill,  and  was, 
therefore,  outside  of  the  borough  of  the  City,  whereas 
Lower  Mill  is  now  in  Cylch-y-dre. 

The  bishop  of  St.  Davids  undoubtedly  owned  the  lord- 
ship of  Pebydiauk,  but  it  is  not  quite  clear  what  this 
lordship  comprised  in  earl}^  days.  According  to  George 
Owen,  the  Elizabethan  historian  of  Pembrokeshire,  the 
lordship  was  given  to  the  bishops  of  St.  Davids  (p.  39)  by 
the  ancient  princes  of  Wales,  that  is  to  say,  by  Rhys  ap 
Tewdwr  in  1082,  and  in  another  place  he  states  that  the 
lordship  of  Pebydiauk  corresponded  with  the  present 
hundred  of  Dewisland. 

Now  according  to  a  MS.  written  in  1559,  Pebidioc  was 
a  cantred  (hundred),  containing  three  commots  called 
Mynyw,  Pencaer,  and  Pebidioc,  but  unfortunately  there 
is  no  accurate  definition  of  the  boundaries  of  these  three 
commots. 

1  Welsh  acres — A  Welsh  acre  equalled  about  2^  Statute  acres,  and 
on  that  basis  the  area  of  the  old  borough  of  St.  Davids  would  have 
been  in  round  figures  159  Statute  acres. 

2  The  figures  do  not  include  waste  lands,  commons  and  roads,  and 
are  said  to  be  estimated. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  75 

Mynyw  was  undoubtedly  the  district  in  the  immediate 
vicinity  of  the  City  of  St.  Davids,  and  Pencaer  was 
obviously  the  Pencaer  promontory  ;  the  commot  of 
Pebidioc  must,  therefore,  have  been  the  north-eastern 
part  of  what  is  now  the  Hundred  of  Dewisland.  The 
question  is  whether  the  lordship  comprised  the  Cantred 
of  Pebidiauk  or  mereh'  the  commot  of  that  name.  Now 
the  Black  Book  of  St.  Davids  shows  that  the  bishop  held 
a  substantial  extent  of  land  in  the  Pencaer  promontory, 
and  at  the  present  time  chief  rents  are  claimed  by  the 
Ecclesiastical  Commissioners  or  their  assignees,  on  a 
number  of  farms  in  the  Pencaer  district,  including  the 
farms  of  Caerlem,  Llanwnwr,  Trehowell,  and  Penys- 
gwern,  and  it  may  also  be  well  to  put  on  record  that  the 
farms  above  specified  formed  part  of  the  bishop's  manor 
of  Trellys  near  St.  Nicholas.  This  goes  to  bear  out 
George  Owen's  statement  that  the  lordship  comprised  the 
Hundred  of  Pebydiauk,  but  so  far  as  can  be  judged  by 
the  Black  Book  of  St.  Davids,  it  is  certain  that  he  did 
not  possess  anything  like  the  whole  of  the  land  in  that 
lordship  in  1326. 

How  then  did  the  bishop  lose  such  a  considerable 
portion  of  the  land  in  his  lordship  ?  It  seems  very  prob- 
able that  much  of  it  was  lost  during  the  episcopacy  in 
1099 — 1115  of  Bishop  Griffith.  He  presided  over  the 
see  during  a  very  critical  period.  His  possessions  in 
Pembrokeshire  were  hemmed  in  by  the  Norman  invaders. 
The  lordship  of  Pebydiauk  had  been  ravaged  in  the 
time  of  his  predecessor  in  1097  by  Gerald  de  Windsor. 
The  pressure  was  no  doubt  continued,  if  not  increased, 
when  he  was  elevated  to  the  see,  and  in  the  end  Bishop 
Griffith  was  either  persuaded  or  intimidated  into  grant- 
ing a  considerable  portion  of  his  possessions  in  Pebydiauk 
as  well  as  in  other  districts  to  the  grasping  Normans. 
Llanrhian  in  Dewisland,  Cenarth  .Mawr  in  Emlyn,  and 
I^awrenny  and  Ucceton  (Upton)  in  Pembrokeshire  are 
especially  mentioned  as  having  been  alienated. 

Bishop  David  Fitzgerald  was  another  dilapidator  of 


76  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

the  episcopal  possessions,  who  (according  to  his  nephew 
Giraldus  Cambrensis)  impoverished  the  see  with  more 
modesty  than  some  of  those  wlio  went  before  or  came 
after  him,  and  judging  by  the  poverty  of  the  bishoprick, 
there  must  have  been  other  bishops  who  were  equally 
generous  with  the  estate  of  the  Church.  These  early 
benefactions  to  the  laity  and  others  were  no  doubt 
accountable  for  the  decrease  of  the  bishop's  possessions 
in  Dewisland  as  revealed  by  the  Black  Book  of  St.  Davids. 
It  has  been  previously  pointed  out  that  the  tenants  of 
the  lordship  of  Pebydiauk  held  their  land  either  by 
copyhold  or  by  deeds  which  had-probably  to  be  entered 
on  the  court  roll  of  the  lordship.  Yet  practically  all 
land  in  the  Hundred  of  Dewisland  is  now  conveyed  as 
freehold.  Leet  courts  for  the  manor  of  the  City  of  St. 
Davids  and  for  the  manor  of  St.  Davids  have  in  modern 
days  been  more  or  less  regularly  held  until  the  year  1916, 
and  at  such  courts  presentments  were  solemnly  made  of 
any  transfers  of  realty  in  those  manors,  and  instructions 
given  for  the  collection  of  fines  for  such  alienations,  but 
these  fines  were  practically  uncollectable,  and  the  whole 
procedure  of  the  court  leets  were  a  farce.  How  then 
was  the  change  in  the  tenure  of  the  land  in  these  manors 
effected  ?  There  is  no  record  of  the  conversion  of  these 
copyholds  into  freeholds,  so  far  as  the  writer  of  this 
article  had  discovered,  and  the  only  conclusion  which 
can  be  suggested  is  that  there  was  neglect  on  the  part 
of  the  bishop's  officers  in  days  long  since  elapsed.  Prob- 
ably after  Bishop  Barlow  relinquished  his  residence  in 
the  palace  at  St.  Davids,  the  manor  courts  were  allowed 
to  lapse,  with  the  result  that  land-owners  all  began  to 
transfer  their  holdings  by  a  deed  of  bargain  and  sale, 
followed  by  a  release,  which  was  the  ordinary  method  of 
conveying  freehold  property  at  the  time,  and  this  pro- 
cedure gradually  led  to  the  land  being  considered  as 
freehold.  It  will  thus  be  seen  that  the  tenants  of  the 
lordship  of  Pebydiauk  succeeded  in  converting  their 
copyhold  land  into  freehold  without  the  aid  of  an  Act 
of  Parliament. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  77 

Another  possible  factor  in  the  change  was  the  creation 
by  the  bishop  of  mesne  or  sub-manors.  This  system, 
as  previously  pointed  out,  was  also  adopted  by  the  Nor- 
man lords  in  Pembrokeshire,  but  the  number  of  such 
manors  existing  in  1588  in  Dewisland,  far  exceeded  the 
number  created  in  the  other  hundreds  in  the  county. 
According  to  a  list  compiled  in  that  year  by  George  Owen, 
the  Elizabethan  historian,  there  were  in  all  58  manors 
in  Dewisland,  as  against  22  in  Castlemartin  and  21  in 
Roose.  At  that  date  35  of  these  manors  in  Dewisland 
had  come  into  the  possession  of  lay  persons,  and  the  MS. 
reveals  that  prior  to  1588  changes  in  the  manorial  system 
in  Dewisland  had  already  taken  place.  Thus  it  is  recorded 
that  the  manors  of  Brawdy,  Pointzcastle,  and  Newgale 
{Nova  Villa),  which  in  times  past  had  been  separate 
manors,  had  been  amalgamated  into  one  manor,  and  one 
court  was  then  held  for  the  three  manors. 

Amalgamation  was  also  going  on  amongst  the  manors 
of  lay  persons.  We  find  that  John  ap  Rees  of  Rickard- 
ston,  in  the  parish  of  Brawdy,  a  descendant  of  Sir  Rees 
ap  Thomas,  K.G.,  had  united  the  manors  of  Gwrid  Mawr, 
Gwrid  B3^chan,  Mynith  Gwin,  and  Trewylin,  but  it  is 
more  important  to  observe  that  there  was  already  a 
tendency  to  abandon  the  holding  of  manorial  courts. 
Thus  Thomas  Johnes  had  discontinued  the  courts  of  the 
small  manor  of  Trevinart  near  St.  Davids  ;  the  lord  of 
the  manor  of  Tressyssylt  in  the  parish  of  Granston  had 
followed  his  example,  and  John  Wogan  had  given  up 
holding  courts  for  the  west  part  of  the  town  of  Stang- 
naveth  (Llangloffan  in  the  parish  of  Granston),  but 
continued  those  for  the  other  part  of  the  borough.  The 
amalgamation  and  abandonment  of  manorial  courts  was 
no  doubt  due  to  the  fact  that  the  expenses  of  such  courts 
exceeded  the  fees  received  from  holding  the  same.  Later 
on  other  lords  of  mesne  manors  followed  suit,  and  prob- 
ably the  abolition  of  the  feudal  duties  in  1660  sounded  the 
death  knell  of  most  of  the  manorial  courts  in  Dewisland. 

In  connection  with  Pembrokeshire  manors  it  is  interest- 


yS  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

ing  to  note  that  in  Elizabethan  and  Stuart  times  there 
was  more  than  one  property  held  of  the  king's  manor  of 
East  Greenwich,  co.  Kent.  For  instance  the  Post  Mortem 
Inquisition  held  on  the  death  of  Rowland  Walter  of  Roch 
in  1622,  shows  that  he  owned  a  house  and  6  acres  of  land 
in  Drewston,  in  the  parish  of  Nolton,  and  also  a  yearly 
rent  of  4s.  issuing  out  of  a  messuage  in  Treglemes  in  the 
parish  of  Llanhowell,  held  of  the  king's  manor  of  East 
Greenwich.  There  are  other  examples  which  might  be 
mentioned.  The  practice  seems  to  have  been  that  in  the 
event  of  any  unconsidered  trifles  in  the  way  of  real 
estate  falling  to  the  crown  by  way  of  escheat  or  otherwise, 
and  of  there  being  no  crown  manor  in  the  neighbourhood, 
the  property  so  accruing  to  the  king  was  united  to  his 
manor  of  East  Greenwich.  Pembrokeshire  was  not  unique 
in  this  as  the  advowson  of  Presteign  co.  Radnor,  which 
in  1568  was  owned  by  John  Bradshaw  of  St.  Dogmael's 
Abbey,  was  held  of  the  manor  of  East  Greenwich,  and 
Devonshire  lands  in  the  parish  of  Ashbrittle  were  also 
held  of  the  same  manor. 

There  appear  to  have  been  no  very  large  estates  in  the 
lordship  of  Pebydiauk,  but  there  are  many  traces  of  the 
old  communal  system  of  tenure  still  in  existence,  es- 
pecially in  the  parish  of  St.  Davids.  These  are  found  in  the 
extraordinary  intermixture  of  land  in  farms  in  that  parish. 

Land  of  different  owners  lying  in  a  field  without  any 
division  between  the  different  parcels  are  a  common 
occurrence,  and  in  one  case,  which  came  under  the 
writer's  notice  a  few  years  ago,  land  of  one  owner  lay  in 
the  centre  of  his  neighbour's  land  without  any  means 
of  access  to  it.  This  curious  intermixture  of  land  is  no 
doubt  the  result  of  a  final  division  of  land  held  under  the 
Gwele  system  on  the  disappearance  of  that  tenure,  and 
it  is  more  than  probable  that  the  legal  phrase  defining 
a  small  piece  of  land  as  a  '  parcel  of  land  '  arose  from  the 
conveyance  of  the  bits  of  old  tribal  lands. 

The  owners  of  intermixed  lands  at  an  early  date  realised 
the    inconvenience    of    their    dispersed    properties,    and 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  79 

gradually  began  to  consolidate  their  holdings  by  purchase 
from  or  by  exchange  with  their  neighbours.  These 
purchases  or  exchanges  in  order  to  be  legal  required  a 
proper  conveyance,  but  there  is  good  reason  to  believe 
that  in  many  of  such  exchanges,  deeds  were  not  always 
executed,  and  that  the  parties  to  the  transaction  con- 
tented themselves  with  merely  taking  over  and  working 
the  respective  lands  so  exchanged.  An  instance  of  this 
came  under  the  writer's  notice  some  years  ago,  in  which  old 
plans  showed  that  an  exchange  must  have  been  made,  but 
neither  part}''  had  any  document  relating  to  such  exchange. 

But  the  prevalence  of  intermixed  land  was  not  limited 
to  Dewisland.  The  same  condition  was  also  to  be  found 
in  North  Wales  and  in  Shropshire  and  Herefordshire,  as 
late  as  the  17th  century.  In  Cardiganshire,  and  indeed 
in  most  parts  of  Wales  in  the  first  part  of  the  15th  century, 
there  were  few  really  large  estates,  except  those  of  the 
monastic  houses  and  the  bishop  of  St.  Davids.  It  was 
after  that  date  when  the  formation  of  important  estates 
commenced  in  West  Wales  by  the  purchase  of  adjoining 
lands,  a  process  which  continued  until  a  few  years  ago, 
when  the  current  reversed,  and  large  landowners  com- 
menced to  sell  their  properties. 

When  looking  backwards  into  the  past,  one  naturally 
wonders  as  to  the  kind  of  houses  in  which  our  ancestors 
lived.  It  seems  pretty  certain  that  available  materials 
were  the  chief  governing  factors  in  the  erection  of  their 
houses,  as  indeed  they  are  at  the  present  day.  As  above 
indicated,  houses  built  of  stone  or  bricks  and  mortar  were 
non-existent  in  Pembrokeshire  between  the  departure 
of  the  Romans  and  the  advent  of  the  Normans,  and  so 
far  as  the  poorer  inhabitants  were  concerned,  the  same 
position  existed  for  some  centuries  afterwards.  Where 
timber  was  procurable,  as  in  the  south  part  of  the  county, 
the  houses  were  most  probably  built  of  wood,  where 
stones  were  available  the  walls  may  have  been  built  of 
stone  with  clay  used  as  a  substitute  for  mortar,  while 
jn  the  north-west  part  of  the  county,  furze  interwoven 


8o  Pembrokeshire  in  By -gone  Days. 

between  stakes  may  have  formed  the  walls  of  the  dwell- 
ings. 

Another  method  of  building  was  the  Clom  houses, 
the  walls  of  which  were  constructed  of  clay  mixed  with 
straw.  Clom  is  the  equivalent  of  the  Danish  Klam  or 
the  German  Klamm,  which  means  a  sticky  substance, 
and  this  suggests  that  this  kind  of  construction  was 
introduced  either  b}"  the  Flemish  or  the  Norse  settlers  in 
the  county.  In  most  cases  the  roofs  were  probably 
thatched  with  rushes  or  straw,  but  in  districts  where  thin 
flags  or  slates  were  obtainable,  these  materials  may  have 
been  utilized  as  a  covering  for  the  houses. 

In  picturing  the  homes  of  the  early  inhabitants  of 
Pembrokeshire,  we  must,  even  in  respect  of  those  of  the 
wealthier  portion  of  the  community,  adopt  a  system  of 
considerable  reduction  when  comparing  them  with  dwell- 
ings of  modern  times.  The  houses  of  the  leading  families 
in  the  county,  with  the  exception  of  the  Norman  castles 
and  the  residences  of  the  bishop,  even  up  to  the  middle  of 
the  14th  century,  were  considerably  smaller  and  infinitely 
more  uncomfortable  than  the  present  day  houses  of  well- 
to-do  persons,  and  naturally  the  dwellings  of  the  poorer 
persons  were  much  smaller  still,  and  entirely  devoid  of 
what  are  now  considered  almost  necessities.  People 
packed  in  much  closer  then  than  in  the  20th  century, 
and  there  were  no  sanitary  inspectors  to  interfere  with 
a  householder  who  had  a  large  family. 

In  early  days  the  windows  of  even  the  wealthy  were 
either  open  to  the  weather,  or  glazed  with  horn 
or  oiled  paper.  Glass  when  obtainable  was  an  expensive 
luxury  even  for  the  rich,  and  at  a  much  later  date  was 
almost  beyond  the  means  of  the  inhabitant  of  a  cottage. 
This  probably  accounts  for  the  tiny  window  apertures 
which  are  still  sometimes  to  be  seen  in  the  ruins  of  ancient 
cottages.  Under  such  circumstances  it  is  easy  to  realize 
that  the  cottages  must  have  been  extremely  cold  in 
winter,  and  this  no  doubt  accounted  for  the  diminutive 
size  of  the  windows,  and  also  the  practice  of  dividing 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  8i 

the  door  in  half.  This  was  formerly  a  very  common 
practice  in  Dewisland,  and  had  two  advantages,  as  it 
enabled  the  occupant  of  the  cottage  to  close  the  lower 
half  of  the  door,  and  thus  keep  out  pigs  and  other  animals, 
while  the  upper  half  of  the  door  could  be  kept  open  to 
admit  light  and  much  needed  fresh  air  into  the  dwelling. 
The  writer  has  often  wondered  whether  the  old  Welsh 
cupboard  bedsteads  were  not  a  relic  of  the  days  when 
cottages  devoid  of  window  panes  must  have  been  ex- 
tremely draughty,  as  in  this  style  of  bedstead  the  occu- 
pant was  able  to  shut  himself  up  in  the  bedstead  by  sliding 
the  doors  and  thus  exclude  the  chill  winds. 

It  will  now  be  interesting  to  see  what  scale  of  wages 
was  paid  in  Pembrokeshire  in  olden  days.  Some  interest- 
ing light  on  this  subject  is  found  among  the  records  of 
St.  Davids  Cathedral.  The  MS.  in  question  is  a  copy  of 
the  weekly  accounts  of  payments  made  in  the  year 
1384-5,  presumably  by  Hugh  de  Pickton,  the  supervisor 
of  the  fabric  of  the  cathedral  in  that  year.  The  original 
MS.  has  long  since  disappeared,  but  fortunately  for 
posterity  a  copy  of  it  has  been  preserved  and  bound  up 
in  a  volume  (now  entitled  Liher  Communis)  containing 
the  accounts  of  the  common  fund  of  the  Upper  Chapter 
of  the  Cathedral  for  a  much  later  date.  The  account  of 
Hugh  de  Pickton  is  in  a  MS.  called  Communicata, 
which  is  here  used  to  mean  entries  or  stated  account 
relating  to  the  common  fund  of  the  Upper  Chapter,  the 
upkeep  of  the  fabric,  as  is  shown  by  the  statutes,  having 
been  a  first  charge  on  the  common  fund  of  that  Chapter. 

This  account  has  been  previously  published  in  Jones 
and  Freeman's  History  of  St.  Davids  Cathedral,  but  as  it 
was  published  in  Latin  with  contractions  intelligible 
only  to  experts,  and  a  few  errors  have  occurred  in  the 
edition  printed  in  that  work,  and  the  contents  are  par- 
ticularly interesting  on  account  of  its  local  lights,  an 
English  translation  of  it  with  notes  by  the  writer  is  given 
below  for  the  benefit  of  the  general  public.  In  the  docu- 
ment several  difficulties  confronted  the  translator.     For 


82 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


instance  several  of  the  Latin  words  used  in  the  MS.  have 
different  interpretations.  Thus  sera  means  either  a  lock, 
a  bar,  or  a  bolt,  and  in  the  text  harra  (a  bar)  is  also  used, 
and  it  is,  therefore,  necessary  to  rely  on  the  context  for 
the  proper  meaning  of  the  word.  Then  there  is  matter 
illegible  by  wear  or  age,  and  obsolete  measures  are 
mentioned  whose  exact  capacities  have  long  since  been 
forgotten.  In  the  translation  given  below,  words  or 
letters  enclosed  in  square  brackets  indicate  suggestive 
or  explanatory  matter  ;  a  dash  indicates  a  blank  in  the 
original,  and  dots  represent  illegible  matter. 


COMMUNICATA. 

[Me]morandum  that  on  Friday  before  the  feast  of  John  ante  [Por]tam 
Latinam,^  Hugh  de  Picton  was  sworn  in  as  supervisor  of  the  Fabric 
of  the  church  of  St  Davids,  Anno  Domini  1385. 

Communicata,  dated  the  second  day^  after  the  said  feast,  namely  the 
15th  day  of  [May],  for  the  preceding  week  : —  s     d 

David  Bole  for  five  days  working  in  the  quarry 

David  Yrist  for  five  days     . . 

Jak.  Coce^  for  five  days 

Jak.  Skynner  for  three  days 

Philip  Rosse  for  a  week 

Item.  In  the  same  week  for  iron  for  making  '  wegges 

Item.  Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  making  the  same  and  repair 

ing  other  tools^ 
Item.  One  man  making  and  repairing  the  aforesaid  tools 

for  one  day 

For  two  new  irons  for 

For  one  hatchet  .... 

Item  for  making  a  bar* 

Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  fastening  on  a  shovel' 

Total       . .  92 


1  The  feast  of  St.  John  ante  Latinam  was  on  6  May. 

«  Sic  in  MS. 

3  Probably  a  phonetic  rendering  for  Cooke  or  Cock. 

*  What  appears  to  be  a  cross  precedes  the  word  '  wegges,'  but  it  is 
almost  illegible  ;  it  may  be  a  numeral.  Wegges  is  probably  intended 
for  wedges. 

6  Instrumenta. 

*  Barrae. 
'  Schoul. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


83 


Communicata,  dated  22  May,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

[David]  Bole  for  four  days   . . 

[J]ohn  Rowe  for  four  days.. 

[J]avyn  Coce  for  the  same  period. 

[J]ak.  Skynner  for  four  days 

[P]hilip  Rosse  for  a  week     . . 

[WJilliam  ap  Phillip  Vawrer  for  his  truckle*  for  four  days 

[Llewelyn]  Siglo  for  mending  a  tool 

Total 


7     3 


Communicata,  dated  last  day  of  May,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

[David]  Bole  for  six  days    .  .          . .          . .  . .  . .  i 

[J]ohn  Rowe  for  the  same  period..          ..  ..  ..  i 

[J]avin  Coce  for  the  same  period    . .          . .  . .  . .  i 

[J ak]  Skynner  for  the  same  period   ..          ..  ..  ..  i 

for  the  week        .  .          .  .          .  .  . .  . .  i 

[William  ap]  Phillip  for  one  truckle*  for  6  days  . .  . .  3 

for  one  truckle*  for  4  days  carrying  . .  . .  2 

Ll[ewelyn]  Siglo  for  repairing  divers  tools 


The  mason  for  making 


Total 


Communicata,  dated  5  June,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 


Item,  two  men,  namely,  David  Yrist  and  Javin  Coke  for 
three  days  carrying  coal^  from  the  house  of  the  arch- 
deacon of  Kermerdyn 

Total     . . 


I     6 


1  Trocklo.  It  is  impossible  to  say  what  kind  of  a  vehicle  this  word 
represents.  It  was  no  doubt  the  vehicle  known  as  a  '  truckle  '  in 
Pembrokeshire.  This  is  indicated  by  the  census  of  Pembrokeshire 
compiled  by  George  Owen  of  Kemes  in  1599,  from  the  muster  books, 
which  classifies  carts  and  truckles  together,  and  shows  that  there 
were  60  carts  and  truckles  in  the  parish  of  St.  Davids  at  that  date. 
On  the  other  hand  in  Cardiganshire  a  truck  would  appear  to  have 
been  a  measure  in  weight.  Thus  in  the  rent  roll  of  the  property  in 
Cardiganshire  of  the  Earl  of  Essex  in  1577,  the  rents  of  oats  in  the 
grange  of  Blaenaeron  amounted  to  36  trucks. 

^  Carbones, 


84  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

Communicata,  dated  12  June,  for  the  preceding  week  : —  £     s     6. 

John  Rosse      . .          . .          . .          . .          . .          .  .          . .  10 

John  Skynner  for  five  days              .  .          . .          . .          .  .  13 

David  Yrist  for  five  days      . .          .  .          .  .          . .          . .  13 

Javyn  Coke  for  five  days   . .           .  .          .  .          . .          . .  13 

Thomas  Draws  for  one  day  travelling^        .  .          .  .          . .  ^^ 

William  ap  Phillip  Vawrer  for  one  truckle^  for  five  days  2     6 

Item.  Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  repairing  tools             .  .          .  .  i 

Item.  For  one  Pyckard^  full  of  lime  stones*          . .          . .  120 

WiUiam  Kyley  for  the  carriage  of  the  same  from  Port- 

cleyes*  to  the  churchyard             . .          . .          . .          . .  40 


Total* 


I   13  io\ 


Communicata,  dated  19  June,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Phillip    Rosse              . .          . .          .  .          . .          . .  . .  12 

John  Skynner  for  four  days  with  the  Sabbath      . .  . .  12 

John  Coke  for  the  same  period        . .          . .          . .  . .  12 

Thomas  Draws  for  the  same  period            .  .          . .  . .  12 

Walter  ap  David  for  the  same  period        . .          . .  .  .  12 

William  Vawrer  for  one  truckle^  for  the  same  period  . .  23 

Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  repairing  tools          .  .          .  .  .  .  i 


Total      . .  82 

Communicata,  dated  26  June,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

.Phillip  Rosse               .  .          . .          .  .          . .          . .          . .  12 

John  Skynner  for  four  days            . .          .  .          . .          .  .  10 

Thomas  Draws  for  the  same  period .  .          . .          . .          . .  10 

Phillip  Goch  for  the  same  period    .  .          . .          . .          . .  10 

John  Coke  for  the  same  period       .  .          .  .          . .          .  .  10 

Gitto  ap  David  Thomas  for  the  same  period  working  in  .  . 

the  quarry,  and  for  his  truckle'^              . .          .  .          . .  30 

WUHam  Vawrer  for  one  truckle^  for  the  same  period        . .  20 

Ll[ewellyn]  Syglo  for  repairing  tools          .  .          .  .          . .  4 


Total      . .      10     6 


1  Eundi. 

2  See  note  i,  p.  83. 

3  A  pickard  was  a  boat  of  15  tons  or  upwards  used  on  the  River 
Severn.  It  is  mentioned  in  a  statute  of  34  and  35  Hen.  VIII.  See 
note  6,  p.  86. 

*  Lapidibus  calcinis,  literally  chalk  stones,  but  no  doubt  in  this 
case,  lime  stones. 

5  The  harbour  now  known  as  Porthclais,  about  a  mile  from  the 
cathedral. 

«  This  total  is  as  given  in  the  original,  but  is  erroneous. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


85 


Communicata,  dated  3  July,  for  the  preceding  week  : 
Phillip  Rosse 

John  Skynner  for  four  days 
Thomas  Draws  for  the  same  period 
Phillip  Goch  for  the  same  period    . 
John  Coke  for  the  same  time 
Walter  ap  David  for  1 J  days 
William  Vawrer  for  one  truckle^  for  i\  days 

Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  making and  one  new  sledge 

And  to  the  same  for  repairing  divers  tools 
And  for  one  pykard'  of  lime  stones  from  Solvach 
And  for  the  carriage  of  the  same  . . 
Item.  Goch  Delyn  for  2  J  days 

Total 
Communicata,  dated  10  July  for  the  preceding  week  : — 
William  Sayrer  for  the  week 
Rys  ap  Wild  for  the  week . . 
Jo.  Makmourch  for  five  days 
Jev[an]  Degan  for  the  week 
Robert  ap  Morgan  for  the  week 
Robert  Sydes  for  five  days 
Labourers  :   Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week 

Thomas  Drawes  for  the  week 

Phillip  Coke  for  the  week 

Goch  Delyn  for  the  week 

David  Kyogyn  for  five  days 

Phillip  Coch  for  the  week 

Javyn  Bach  for  seven  days 

David  Bach  for  two  days 
Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  making  nails*  and  mending  tools 
William  Vawrir  for  one  truck  for  four  days 
Item.  David  Yrist  for  making  two  canopies®  of  lime 

stones 

Item.  For  one  flagon*  of  ale'  for  the  men  travelling  to 
LynstuUe* 

Total 


I   13 

2 
2 
I 

2 
2 


1  See  note  i,  p.  83. 

*  Sleggo. 

3  See  note  3,  p.  84,  also  note  6,  p.  86. 

*  Clavorum. 
^  Cibar. 

*  Lagena. 

'  Servisics. 

*  LynstuUe  has  not  been  identified. 
Llanstinan. 


Possibly  it  may  have  been 


86  Pembrokeshire  in  By -gone  Days. 

Communicata,  dated  17  July,  for  the  preceding  week  : —        ^^     s     d 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  . .  , .  , .  . .  12 

Javjm  Coke  for  six  days      . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  16 

David  Bach  for  the  same  period   .  .  . .  . .  .  .  16 

William  Vawrir  for  his  truckle^  for  the  same  period        .  .  3     o 

Item.  Paid  in  the  same  week  for  15  poles  of  timber  for  a 

scaffold  and  15  '  Hoselstanes  '^  from  Ireland  .  .  3     9 

And  for  the  carriage  of  the  same  from  Porthglays'  to 

the  church  of  St  Davids  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  2 

Item.  In  the  same  week  riding  to  Tenbygh*  for  lead  and 
iron  to  be  bought  for  the  use  of  the  church  of  St.  Da- 
vids ;  for  a  horse  hired  for  three  days  . .  . .  . .  10 

Expenses  for  horse  and  self  at  the  same  time . .  . .  20 

Item  in  the  same  week,  for  making  12  '  flakes'^  for  the 
scaffold 

Item,  for  the  carriage  of  the  same 

Item.  For  one  '  cimba  '*  of  lime  stone 

Item.  For  the  carriage  of  the  same 

Item  for  making'  the  same 

Item.  In  the  same  week,  for  29  pieces*  3  lbs.    of    iron 

bought  at  Tynby,  the  price  of  each  piece  being  yjd. . .  183 

Besides    for    lead  bought  at  the  same  place   and  time 

namely  33  peices,*  6  lb..  ..  ..  ..  ..149 

Item.  For  coal'  bought,  40  bushels^"  at  2d.  per  bushel. .  6     8 

For  carriage  of  the  same  from  Portheleys^^  to  the  church- 
yard . .  . .  . .  . .  .  .  . .  . .  7 

For  making  one  p'  '  bockets  '^^      . .  . .  . .  . .  2 


2  o 

1  o 

2  o 

4  o 

5  6 


Total      . .      417 


1  See  note  i,  p.  83. 

*  The  meaning  of  this  word  is  obscure. 
5  See  note  5,  p.  84. 

*  Tenby,  about  30  miles  from  St.  Davids  by  road. 

5  A  '  fleak  '  was  probably  a  thin  rope  used  for  binding  the  poles  of 
a  scaffold. 

6  A  cymba  was  a  small  boat  of  apparently  much  the  same  tonnage 
as  a  pickard  ;  at  all  events  the  load  brought  on  this  occasion  cost  the 
same  as  that  brought  by  a  pickard.  See  note  3,  p.  84.  Cywfca  in  Horace 
and  Virgil  was  especially  applied  to  the  boat  of  Charon  the  mytho- 
logical ferryman  over  the  Styx. 

'  i.e.,  burning  the  limestones  into  lime. 

*  Peicia. 

*  Carbones. 
10  Busc'. 

"  See  note  5,  p.  84. 

^*  P'bockets.    The  meaning  of  this  word  is  obscure. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


87 


Communicata,  dated  24  July,  for  the  preceding  week  : 

[Labourers]  :  John  Makmurch  for  five  days 

William  Sayrir  for  the  same  period 
Moris  Sudys  for  the  same  period   .  . 
Jevan  Degan  for  the  same  period 
Robyn  ap  Moris 

Wylliam  Stevene  for  the  same  period 
Ryse  ap  William  for  the  same  period 
Wylo  Rugs  for  the  same  period 
Phillip  Rosse  for  a  week     .  . 
Jevyn  Coke  for  the  week     .  . 
David  Bach  for  five  days   .  . 
Howel  Forth  for  four  days 
Phillip  Goch  for  the  same  period 
Goch  Delyn  for  the  same  period   .  . 
Alys  Arthur  for  the  same  period   .  . 
Jevan   ap  End   .    .    .  for  one  truckle^ 
.  .  .  days 

Item.  For  one  truckle^  for  i\  days 

Ll[ewellyn]  Syglo  for  making  nails  and  repairing  tool   .  . 

Item.  The  same  week.     For  14  poles  of  timber  bought 
from  William  Vysear  of  Kermerdyn     .  . 

Item.  For  the  carriage  of  the  same  from  Portheleys^  to 
the  church 

Total     . . 


I  10 

I  10 

I     lO 

I   10 

I   10 

I   10 

I    10 

I   10 

12 

12 

I      3 

10 

10 

10 

10 

for 


I     3 
9 

[I     8] 


I    18     o 


Communicata,  dated  the  last  day  of  July,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 


Masons  :        John  Makmurth  for  five  days.  . 

Willam  Sayrir  for  the  same  period  .  . 
Robyn  Sudys  for  the  same  period 
Jevan  Degan  for  the  same  period   . . 
Robyn  ap  Moris  for  the  same  period 
Wylliam  Selone  for  the  same  period 
Rys  ap  Wyld  for  the  same   period 

Labourers  :  PhilUp  Rose  for  the  week     . . 
Javyn  Coke  for  the  week 
David  Bach  for  four  days     . . 
Howell  Forth  for  the  same  period 
Goch  Delyn  for  the  same  period 
Elys  Arthur  for  the  same  period 
Thomas  Drawys  for  the  same  period 


1  See  note  i,  p.  83. 


2  See  note  5,  p.  84. 


88 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


Labourers  [continued.)  £     s     d 

Roger  Seys  for  two  days        . .          . .  . .  6 

Robert  Caxon  for  two  days    . .          . .  . .  6 

Reydner  Soket  for  one  day     . .          . .  . .  3 

Goch  Morydych  for  one  day              . .  . .  3 

Jevan  ap  Owen  for  one  truckle^  for  four  days       . .  . .  20 

David for  one  truckle^  for  the  same  period  . .  20 

Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  repairing  tools  and  making  nails  for 
the  scaffold 


Total^ 

Communicata,  dated  7  August,  for  the  preceding  week 
Masons  :    John  Makmonyrch,  for  the  week 
Wylliam  Sayrir  for  the  week 
Rys  ap  Wylliam  for  the  week 
Robyn  ap  Moris  for  the  week 
Wylliam  Stephen  for  the  week 
Robin  Sudys  for  the  week 
Jevan  Degan  for  the  week 
Labourers  :   Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week 

Javyn  Coke  for  the  week 

Thomas  Drawys  for  the  week 

Howell  Forth  for  the  week 

Elys  Arthur  for  the  week 

Roger  Seys  for  the  week 

Robert  Cayon 

Goch  Morydych  for  the  week 

Phillip  Goch  for  the  week 

Goch  Delyn  for  the  week 

Jevan for  the  week 

David  Bach  for  the  week 

Wylliam  ap  Phillip  Vawr  for  his  truckle^  for  five  days 

Jevan  ap  Owyn  for  one  truckle^  for  six  days 

Item.  One  new  sieve 

Item.  To  the  masons  for  a  fee  ;  namely  '  Archage'  for  ale' 

Ll[ewelyn]  S[yglo]  for  making  nails*  and  mending  tools 


2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 
6 

6 
o 
4 

4 
[2] 


Total     . .      I   19 


1  See  note  i,  p.  83. 

*  Sic  in  original,  but  it  is  erroneously  added  up. 

3  The  meaning  of  '  archage  '  is  not  clear.  Area  is  the  Latin  equiva- 
lent for  a  chest  or  shrine,  but  probably  in  this  case  archage  may  have 
been  a  fee  for  '  turning  an  arch.' 

*  Clavorum. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  89 

Communicata,  dated  14  August,  for  the  preceding  week  : —   ;(]     s     d 

Masons  :    John  Makmorth  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  22 

Robyn  ap  Mo[ris]  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  2     2 

Wylliam  Sayrir  for  the  week      . .  . .  . .  2     2 

R  .  .  .  .  Wylliam  for  the  week    . .  . .  . .  22 

Wylliam  Stevens  for  ....  days  . .  . .  [8] 

Labourers  :  Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week      . .  . .  . .  12 

Jevyn  Kock  for . .  . .  . .  12 

Goch  Merideth  for . .  . .  12 

Jevan  Duy  for  the  same  period  . .  . .  12 

David  Bach  for  the  same  period     . .  . .  12 

Jevan  ap  Owyn  for  one  truckle^  for  four  days       . .  . .  20 

Wylliam  ap  Phillip  Vawr  for  one  truckle^  for  4^  days  . .  23 

Ll[ewelin]  Syglo  for  mending  tools  . .  . .  . .  1 


Total     ..         19     6 
Communicata,  dated  21  August,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  12 


Total      . .  12 

Communicata,  dated  28  August,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  .  .  . .  . .  . .  .  •  12 

Item.  Expenses  in  the  same  week,  of  a  horse  sent  to  Ha- 
verford*  and  Pembroch  for  nails  and  other  tools  and  for 
making  hinges  and  hooks*  . .  . .  . .  . .  16 

Item.  For  a  horse  hired  for  three  days  on  the  same  occasion  i     o 

Item.  In  the  same  week  for  the  carriage  of  29  pieces 
3  lbs  of  iron  from  Angle  to  Pembroch  and  for  making 
the  said  hinges  and  hooks  . .  . .  . .  . .  6 


Total     ..  42 
Communicata,  dated  4  September,  for  the  preceding  week. 
Work  within  the  Church  :    John  Makmurch  for  the  week, 

making  carpets*  in  the  chapel  of  St.  Andrew*  . .  22 

Jak.  Hakkerfor  the  week      ..  ..  ..  ..  ..  28 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  12 


Total 


1  See  note  i,  p.  83. 

*  St.  Davids  is  16  miles  from  Haverfordwest,  and  from  the  latter 
town  to  Pembroke  via  Canaston  Bridge  is  21  miles,  but  if  the  horse 
were  ferried  across  the  haven  at  Burton,  the  distance  would  be  9  miles 
from  Haverfordwest. 

3  Hingges  ei  hocys. 

*  Scamna. 

*  The  chapel  of  St.  Andrew  is  the  north  transept  through  which 
the  chapel  of  St.  Thomas  is  now  entered. 


90  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

Communicata,  dated  1 1  September,  for  the  preceding  week  : —  s     d 

Within  the  Church.     Jak  Hakker  for  the  week      ..  .,  28 

Phillip  Rosser  for  the  week  . .  12 

Item  in  the  same  week.     About  hauling  stones  at  Barn- 

dy,^  4d.  for  ale^      . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  4 


Total     ..  42 

Communicata,  dated  18  September,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Within  the  church  :  Jak.  Hakker  for  the  week      . .          . .  28 

John  Mackmorth  for  the  week          . .  22 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  . .         . .  12 

Item.  The  same  week  :  About  ....  stones  at  Barndy^  . .  4 

For  the  carriage  of  four  truckloads  of  sand  to  the  church  3 


Total     . .  67 

Communicata,  dated  25  September,  for  the  preceding  week  : 

Within  the  Church.    Jak  Hakker  for  the  week      . .  . .  28 

John  Makmorth  for  the  week  . .  22 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  . .  . .  12 

Item.  In  the  same  week.    Jevan  ap  Owyn  for  the  carriage 

of  two  truckle-loads  of  stone  from  Karvey'      . .  . .  2 

Item.  The  same  week.  John  Arthur  for  one  truckle  for 
2^  days  carrying  stones  from  Karvey  and  from  the 
quarry  near  St  Davids  to  the  church      . .  . .  . .  13 

Item.  Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  making  four  hooks*  for  the 
doors  of  the  dwellings^  of  the  clergy,  made  from  old 
iron  from  the  stock  of  the  church  . .  . .  . .  4 

To  one  man  for  blowing  for  the  same*    . .  . .  . .  i 


Total     . .  7   10 

Communicata,  dated  2  October,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Within  the  Church  :  Jak  Hakker  for  the  week      . .          . .  28 

John  Makmorth  for  two  days          . .  8 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  . .          . ,  12 


1  Possibly  Brawdy. 

*  ServisicB. 

3  Now  known  as  Caerfai  which  is  half  a  mile  from  the  cathedral 
close. 

*  Hookys. 
6  Loggis. 

*  i.e.,  blowing  the  smith's  bellows. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

Item.     In  the  same  week.  For  three  quarters^  of  iron 

bought  at  Ramsey" 

For  the  carriage  of  the  same  to  the  church 
Item.  Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  mending  the  tools  of  the  said 

Jak  Hakker,  during  five  weeks    . . 
Item.  John  Arthur  for  one  truckle'  for  two  days 

Total     . . 


91 


£    s 

d 

14 

6 

6 

4 

I 

0 

I    0 

10 

Communicata,  dated  9  October,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Within  the  Church  .    John  Makmorth  for  the  week  .  .  22 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  .  .  .  .  12 

John  Arthur  for  one  truckle  for  the 

week,  carrying  from  the  said  quarry  to  the  wall*         .  .  30 

Total      .  .  64 


Communicata,  dated  16  October,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

John  Makmourth  for  the  week        .  .          . .          .  .          . .  22 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  .  .          .  .          .  .          . .          . .  12 

John  Arthur  for  one  truckle  for  three  days  carrying  from 

the  said  quarry  to  the  wall                      . .          . .          . .  16 

Item.  For  making  two  doors  for  the  chambers  of  the 

clergy,  John  Owyn  and  Buelth    .  .          .  .          .  .           .  .  16 

Item.  Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  making  four  hinges  and  nails 

for  the  said  doors               .  .          .  .          .  .          . .          . .  6 

And  two  men  labouring  .  .          . .          . .          . .           .  .  2 

Item.  John  Hakker  in  part  payment  of  one ^       . .  6     8 

Item.  Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  mending  tools              .  .          . .  i 

Item.  David  Hew  for  200  flags  stones*      .  .          . .          . .  20 

Item.  Henry  Fisher  for  40  planks'  .  .  . .  . .      i    10     o 

For  carriage  of  the  same      . .          . .          . .          . .          . .  10 

Total     ..269 


1  Quariilibus. 

'  Ramsey  Island  is  off  the  west  coast  of  Pembrokeshire,  and  was 
formerly  owned  by  the  bishop  of  St.  Davids,  but  it  is  difi&cult  to  see 
how  supplies  of  iron  would  be  available  there. 

3  See  note  i,  p.  83. 

*  The  wall  surrounding  the  cathedral  close. 

^  A  blank  occurs  here  followed  by  the  word  '  cept.' 

•  Lapid  tabulent'. 
'  Rostris. 


92  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

Communicata,  dated  23  October,  for  the  preceding  week  : —  £     s     d 

John  Makmorth  for  the  week  . ,  . .  . .  . .  22 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . .  12 

Item.  In  the  same  week.   Jevan  Goch  and  David  Cappan 

for  one  '  pikard  '^  of  lime  stone'*. .  . .  . .  .  .  20 

Item  in  the  same  week.     Expenses  of  self  and  horse  rid- 
ing to  Haverford  and  Pembroch  on  divers  affairs  of 
the  Church,  3  days  . .  .  .  .  .  . .  .  .  16 

And  hire  of  horse  for  the  same  time  .  .  . .  . .  10 

Item.  For  the  carriage  of  lead  and  rosin  from  Angle^  to 

Pembroke  on  the  same  date        .  .  .  .  . .  . .  10 

Item.    For  two  new  locks*  with  keys^  for  the  said  doors  i     4 

Item  in  the  same  week.  For  two  new  rings  with  knockers* 

for  the  said  doors  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  4 


Total     . .     I   10     4 

Communicata,  dated  30  October,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

John  Hakker  in  part  payment  of  his  account,'  namely 

for  '  .  .  .  .  cristynk  de  leggs  clericorum  solidi  '*  . .  6     8 

John  Makmorth  for  work  in  the  same  week  . .  . .  22 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week..  ..  ..  ..  ..  [12] 

Item  in  the  same  week.    Robin  Hoper  for  the  carriage  of 

stones  from  Karvey*  to  the  church        . .  . .  . .  10 

Item  in  the  same  week.    Four  men  working  the  windlas^" 

raising  up  the  said  stones  for  nine  half  days     . .  . .  6 

Item.    For  two  flaggons^^  of  ale^*  consumed  when  about 

that  work  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  4 

Item.  Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  repairing  tools  and  two  hinges 
and  two  hooks  for  the  door  of  the  'croyste'^^  and 
making  nails^*         . .  .  .  .  .  . .  . .  .  .  3 

1  See  note  3,  p.  84. 

2  See  note  4,  p.  84. 

'  Angle,  about  ten  miles  by  road  from  Pembroke. 

*  Seris. 

*  Clavihus. 
^  Clappis. 

'  Taxa  usually  means  a  tax  or  church  due.    In  the  present  connec- 
tion it  is  probably  the  equivalent  of  an  account  or  bill. 

8  This  sentence  is  intelligible,  a  portion  of  it  being  missing  in  the 
document. 

9  See  note  3,  p.  90. 

10  Wyneas. 

11  Lagena. 
1*  ServisicB. 

13  Croyse  means  a  pilgrim.    The  word  here  no  doubt  means  the  door 
by  which  the  pilgrims  entered  the  cathedral. 
1*  Clavorum. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


Communicata,  dated  30  October  [continued.) 

Item.    To  the  said  Ll[ewelyn]  for  repairing  a  lock^  and  a 
key''  for  the  said  door 

Total     . . 

Communicata,  dated  6  November,  for  the  preceding  week  :- 

Within  the  Church.     John  Makmurth  for  three  days 
PhilUp  Rosse  for  the  week  .  . 


93 


s     d 


12       3 


I     I 

I     2 


Total     .  . 

Communicata,  dated  13  November,  for  the  preceding  week 

Within  the  Church.  To  Christian,  the  glazier,  for  a  week 
reparing  the  great  South  window,  under  an  agreement 
made  by  Morgan  ap  Eynon 
John  Makmorth  for  the  week 
Javyn  Bach  for  the  week 
William  ap  Eynon  for  two  days 
Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week 
Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  repairing  tools 

Total'  . . 

Communicata,  dated  20  November,  for  the  preceding  week 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week 

John  Hakker  in  part  payment  of  his  bill. . 

leuan  Bach  for  the  week  in  the  quarry 

William  ap  Eynon  for  a  week  in  the  same 

Phillip  Rosse  for  a  week 

Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  making  nails*  and  repairing  locks^ 
of  the  Church  broken  by  robbers 

For  10  lbs.  of  lime®  for  different  requirements  of  the 
Church,  bought  at  Haverford     .  . 

Item.  Buelth  for  the  reparation  of  the  gates  of  the  Trea- 
sury and  for  fitting  a  bolt  and  making  two  bars'  to 
other  doors  in  the  Church,  namely  one  day 


3  o 

3  4 

I  3 

I  3 

I  2 

I  4 
3 


Total 


1  Serri. 

2  Clavo. 

3  sic  in  original,  but  it  is  erroneously  added  up. 
*  Clavorum. 

^  Serarum. 

®  In  the  text  the  word  Chalch  is  used. 

'  Barrae. 


94  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

Comniunicata,  dated  27  November,  for  the  preceding  week  : —  j^    s     d 
Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week  . .  , .  .  .  30 

John  Hakker,  in  part  [payment]  of  his  bill^  . ,  .  .  3     4 

Jak  Lokyer  for  the  week,  making  new  locks  with  keys  for 

the  chancel*  ..  ..  ..  ..  ..  ..  150 

Item.  For  a  horse  hired  to  go  the  Haverford  for  tools^  of 
the  said  Jak  Lokyer,  and  the  expenses  of  a  boy  with  the 
said  horse  .  .  . .  .  .  . .  . .  .  .  10 

Item.     For  i\  pieces*  of  iron  namely  ,  bought  for 

making  keys  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  10 

Item.      Two  masons  for  walling  up*  divers  windows  of 
the  Church  on  account  of  the  danger  of  robbers,  and 
divers  doors,  namely  in  the  aisles  of  the  Church  : — Ro- 
bert Sydys  for  a  week      . .  . .  . ,  . .  . .  22 

Jevan  Degan  for  a  week      .  .  . .  . .  . .  . .  22 

Walter  Sud5^s  for  a  week,  attending  [on  the  mason]       . .  16 

Phillip  Rosse  for  a  week       , .  . .  , .  . .  . .  12 

Javyn  Bach  for  a  week        . .  .  .  . .  . .  . .  13 

WilUam  ap  Eynon  for  a  week  . .  . .  . .  . .  13 

David  Jon  Yrys  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  . .  13 

For  the  carriage  of  four  truckle  loads  of  sand  for  the  said 

work  .  .  . .  .  .  .  .  . .  , .  . .  4 

Item.    Robin  Hoper  for  the  carriage  of  one  '  pikard  '  full 

of  lime  stones  from  Portheleys*  to  the  churchyard       .  .  40 

Item.     Jak  Hakker  for  making  a  neck  band'  for  the  use 

of    the    fabric         . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  8 

Item.    In  the  same  week.    For  two  flaggons  of  ale  con- 
sumed when  drawing  the  said  stones  at  Karvey  . .  4 
Item.      Goch  Delyn  for  one  day  hauling  at  Karvey^  on 

the     same     date     . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  2J 

For  two  keys  for  the  locks  of  the  said  Church     . .  . .  3 

Total     . .      I   19     6j 

Communicata,  dated  4  December,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  30 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  12 


1  See  note  7,  p.  92. 

2  Capam. 

3  Instrumenta. 

*  Peicia. 

^  Obstruentibus . 

*  See  note  5,  p.  84. 
'  Col.  trochi. 

8  See  note  3,  p.  90. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By -gone  Days.  95 

Cammunicata,  dated  4  December  [continued.)  £     s     6. 

Item  in  the  same  week.     To  Stephen  Rhyn,  David  ap 

Marres,  and  Robin  ap  Walter  for  the  carriage  of  three 

cart-loads^  of  fire-wood  from  Porstyly*  . .  . .  20 

Item.    William  ap  Eynon,  cutting  up  the  same  wood  for 

one  day       . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  3 

Item.  For  William  in  bread  and  ale  consumed  when  about 

the  firewood  on  the  same  date  .  .  .  .  . .  4J 

Item.  To  John  Coker  for  six  long  boards^  for  making  the 

north  door  of  the  Church  . .  . .  . .  . .  ^2 


Total     . .  9  II i 

Communicata,  dated  1 1  December,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week  ,  .  . .  . .  3     o 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  . ,  12 

Item.     John  Tokyr  for  making  two  iron  bars*  for  the 

round  window  in  the  chancel  of  the  Church®  . .  . .  6 

Item  in  the  same  week.    Robyn  Hoper  for  the  carriage  of 

stones  from  Karvey®  to  the  Church,  2^  days    . .  . .  i     oj 

Item.   For  20  squared  logs  of  wood'  bought  from  Master 

John,  the  carpenter,  at  the  price  of  gd.  each,  total       . .  150 

For  the  carriage  of  the  same  from  Portheleys,*  namely 

3    cart-loads'  . .  . .  . .  .  .  . .  . .  6 

For  carriage  of  the  same  from  the  house  of  the  said  John 

to  the  Church       . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  , .  2 


Total     . .      I     I     4i 

Communicata,  dated  18  December,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  30 

Jak  Hakker  for  part  of  his  bill^**  6     8 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week    . .  . .  .  .  .  .  . .  12 

Phillip  Brown,  working  for  one  day  in  the  quarry  of  Kar- 

vay*  2i 

1  Carucata. 

2  i.e.,  Priskilly  in  Mathry  parish,  about  eleven  miles  from  St. 
Davids. 

3  Burdis, 

*  Barrae. 

5  There  is  now  no  trace  of  a  round  window  in  the  Presbytery.  The 
only  indications  of  circular  windows  in  the  Cathedral  are  in  the  west 
end  of  the  nave. 

6  See  note  3,  p.  90. 
''  Lignis  quadratis. 

*  See  note  5,  p.  84. 

*  Carrectis. 

"  See  note  7,  p.  92. 


96 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


Communicata,  dated  i8  December  {continued.) 

Item.    For  drink^  consumed  on  the  same  date,  because 

there  were  8  men  working  on  that  date 
Item.    Master  John,  the  carpenter,  for  three  weeks,  ma- 
king doors  for  the  Church,  receiving  4s.  per  week 
Item.    Buelth  for  three  weeks,  receiving  per  week  2s.  6d., 

total 

for  four  weeks,  receiving  2s.  6d.  per  week,  total. . 

Item.  Jenkyn  Oweyn  about  the  same  date,  for  one  week 

and  four  days 
Master  John  for  two  weeks  and  four  days  about 

the  same  date,  receiving  per  week  is.  6d.,  total 
Item.    Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  making  nails  for  two  days  for 

the  same  doors 

Item.   Two  men  working  with  him  about  that . . 

Item.    For  drink  for  the  aforesaid  men  on  the  said  days 

in  the  forge 


7 
10 


Totar     . . 
Communicata,  dated  25  December,  for  the  preceding  week 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week 

John  Hakker  for  one  day,  making  two  holes  for  the  bars' 
at  the  door  '  9  ducens  aq  .  .  .  '* 

Phillip  Rosse  for  a  week 

Jak  Lokyer  for  making  four  hinges  for  the  north  door  of 
the  Church,  with  keys  belonging  to  them 

Item.   One  man  working  for  three  days     . . 

Item.  For  burning  charcoal^  bought  in  the  same  week 
for  the  use  of  the  Church 

Item,   for  the  carriage  of  the  same . . 

Item.    Jak  Hakker  for for  a  week stones  at 

Karvey®  for  the  use  of  the  Church his  agree- 
ment 

Item.  Jak  Hakker  for  a  new  key  and  for  repairing  the 
lock  at  the  door  of  the  chapel  of  St.  Mary' 

Item.  David  Yryst  on  the  vigils  of  the  birth  of  our  Lord 
for  one  day the  Church,  because  Rosse  was  oc- 
cupied elsewhere 


6     2 


Total 


I   II     5h 


1  Potus. 

2  Sic  in  original,  but  it  is  erroneously  added  up. 

3  Barrae. 

*  See  note  8,  p.  92. 

5  Carbonum. 

6  See  note  3,  p.  90. 

'  This  is  the  chapel  now  known  as  the  Lady  Chapel. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  97 

Communicata,  dated  i  January,  for  the  preceding  week  : —    £     s     d 

Bartholomew  for  i  J  days  working  about  the  same  doors  7 J 

Item.    Buelth  for  the  same  time,  about  the  same  [doors]  7^ 
Item.     John  Oweyn  for  .'the  same  time,  about  the  same 

work             .  .          .  .          . .          . .          . .          . .          . .  7I 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week              . .          . .          .  .  12 


Total     . .  3     oj 

Communicata,  dated  8  January,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week  . .  .  .  . .  30 

Item.    Bar[tholomew]  for  the  week,  about  the  said  doors  2     G 

Item.   Buelth  for  the  week,  about  the  same  [doors]         . .  26 

John  Owen  for  the  week,  about  the  same. .  .  .  . .  26 

Jak  Hakker  for  repairing  the  other  door  before  the  altar 

of  St.  Thomas,^  one  day  . .  . .  . .  . .  6 

Item.    For  two  pieces  3  lbs  of  Spanish  iron  bought  from 
Jevan  ap  Phillip  for  two  bars^  made  for  the  door  be- 
fore the  altar  of  St  Nicholas'       . .  . .  . ,  . .  i    10 

Item.  Henry  Smith  of  Vistobeston*  for  making  the  afore- 
said [bars]  .  .  . .  . .  . .  . .  .  .  10 

Item.    David  Yryst  for  working  with  him  one  day  .  .  3 

Item.   For  drink  at  that  time  in  the  forge  .  .  .  .  2 

Item.   Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  making  nails  for  half  a  day  for 

the  said  doors         .  .  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  3 

Item.    For  drink  at  that  time  . .  . .  . .  , .  i 

Item.  For  hauling  stones  from  Karvay®  for  the  use  of  the 

Church,  namely,  labourers  of  the  bishop,  for  drink       .  .  2 

Item  Robyn  Hoper  for  the  carriage  of  the  same  [stones] . . 

at  that  time,  namely,  two  truckle-loads  .  .  . .  2 


Total     . .  149 

Com.municata,  dated  15  January,  for  the  preceding  week  : —  ;^     s     d 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week             .  .          . .          . .  30 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week                . .          . .          . .          . .  12 

Item.   Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  making  keys  for  the  said  doors 

one  day                    . .          . .           . .          .  .          .  .          . .  6 

Item.    David  Yryst  working  with  him  on  the  same  day 

for  one  day              . .          . .          . .          . .          . .          . .  3 

1  The  chapel  of  St.  Thomas  is  on  the  north  side  of  the  Cathedral. 

*  Vectibus. 

3  The  chapel  of  St.  Nicholas     (known  also  as  the  Wogan  Chapel) 
lies  on  the  north  of  Bishop  Vaughan's  chapel. 

*  Probably  it   should  be  read  '  Henry,  the  smith,  of  Scoveston,' 
in  the  parish  of  Llanstadwell. 

s  See  note  3,  p.  90. 

G 


98  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

Communicata,  dated  15  January  (continued.)  £    s     6. 

Item.   For  drink  at  that  time           . .          . .          . .          . .  i 

Item  in  the  same  week,  hauling  stones  at  Karvey,^   in 

drink             . .          . .          . .          . .          . .          . .          . .  4 

Robyn  Hoper  for  the  carriage  of  four  truckle-loads  of 

stones           . .          . .          . .          . .          . .          , .          . .  3 


Total     . .  57 
Communicata,  dated  22  January,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week              . .          . .          . .  30 

John  Rosse  for  the  week      . .          . .          . .          . .          . .  12 

John  Oweyn  for  one  day,  .  .  .  timber  at  Poskily^  for 

making  a  gate  in  the  ramparts'               . .          . .          . .  6 

Item.  David  ap  Ridderch  for  the  carriage  of  the  same    . .  8 

Item.   For  bread  and  ale*  for  them  at  that  time              . .  3 


Total     ..  [5     73 

Communicata,  dated  29  January,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  30 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  . .  12 

Jak  Hakker  for  one  day,  searching  for  stones  at  Karvey^ 
for  the  use  of  the  Church,  in  addition  to  his  contract 
for  an  increased  bill*         . .  .  .  . .  . .  . .  6 

Item.    Robin  Hoper  for  the  carriage  of  the  said  [stones] 

to  the  Church        . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  3 


Total     ..  4  II 

Communicata,  dated  5  February,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week             . .          . .          . .  3     o 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week                . .          . .          . .          . .  12 

John  Makmorth  for  the  week,  repairing  the  north  part 

of  the  wall®             . .          . .          . .          . .          . .          . .  20 

John,  the  carpenter,  for  making  gates  for  the  wall          . .  168 

John  Hakker  for  part  of  his  bill*  for  the  dwellings'  ..  13  4 
Item.   To  the  same  John  for  divers  repairs  in  the  Church, 

during  I  ^  days       ..          ..          ..          ..          ..          ..  3 

1  See  note  3,  p.  90. 

*  See  note  2,  p.  95. 

3  The  wall  surrounding  the  cathedral  close. 

*  ServisicB. 

6  See  note  7,  p.  92. 
«   Vallis. 
'  Loggis. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  99 

Communicata,  dated  5  February  (continued.)  ;{;     s     d 

Item.     Bartholomew  and  Buelth  in  payment  of  money 

in  arrear  from  the  feast  of  the  birth  of  Our  Lord,  by  the 

order  of  Morgan  ap  Eynon  .  .  .  .  .  .  . .  20 

Item.     Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for  making  nails^  for  the  said 

gates  for  half  a  day  . .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  3 

Item.    Drink  at  the  same  time        .  .  .  .  .  .  . .  1 

Item.    Robin  Hoper  for  the  carriage  of  lime  and  sand  to 

the  said  gate,  one  day       . .  . .  . .  . .  .  .  6 


Total      .  .      293 

Communicata,  dated  12  February,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week              .  .          .  .          .  .  30 

Phillip  Rosser  for  the  week              . .          . .          .  .           .  .  12 

Item  in  the  same  week.    John,  the  carpenter,  for  a  horse 

hired  for  riding  to  Tynby  on  the  affairs  of  the  Church  i     o 

Item.    Expenses  of  himself  and  horse  for  three  days       . .  16 


Total      . .  6     8 

Communicata,  dated  19  February,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week  . .  . .  .  .  30 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  .  .  . .  . .  . .  12 

Item  in  the  same  week,  Stephen  Phillip,  Robyn  ap  Wal- 
ter, [and]  David  ap  Riderch  for  the  carriage  of  three 
cartloads*  of  firewood  for  the  church  from  Porskyly'  2     o 

Item.   David  Lloyd,  cutting  down  [trees]  for  one  day     .  .  3 

Item.   Bread  and  ale*  for  them  during  the  time  .  .  . .  4I 

Item.    For  one  piece*  9  lbs  of  iron  for  the  bolts®  of  the 
gates  of  the  wall,  and  the  carriage  of  the  same  from 
Haverford  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . .  10 

Item.   John  Wyner  for  repairing  a  key  for  the  door  of  the 

choir  . .  . .  .  .  . .  . .  .  .  .  .  6 


Total      ..  8     3| 
Communicata,  dated  26  February,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week  .  .  . .  . .  30 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  .  .  .  .  . .  . .  12 

Item  in  the  same  week.   For  one  new bought       .  .  8 

1  Clavorum. 

*  Carrectis. 

3  See  note  2,  p.  95. 

*  Servisim. 
fi  Peicia. 

8  Set  as. 


100  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

Communicata,  dated  26  Febniary  [continued.)  ^     s     d 

Item.    For  200  nails,  namely,  board  nails  bought  for  the 

use  of  the  Church  . .  .  .  . .  .  .  . .  16 

Item.    For  five  new  irons  bought  for  shovels^  the  price 

of  each  being  3^d.  i     5i 

Item.    For  one bought  from  Ll[ewelyn]  Syglo  for 

the  use  of  the  Church        . .  . .  . .  . .  . .  60 


Totaf      .  .  13     7  J 
Communicata,  dated  5  March,  for  the  preceding  week: — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week              . .          , .          . .  30 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  . .          . .          . .          .  .          . .  12 


Total     . .  42 

Communicata,  dated  12  March,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  30 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  .  .  12 


Total 


Total      . .  4 

Communicata,  dated  19  March,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  3 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  .  .  i 

Item.    David  ap  Dean  for  one  '  pickard  '  of  lime  stones' 
and  for  the  carriage  of  a  bar  and  nails  and  one  piece* 
of  lead  to  the  gates  of  the  close,  for  the  use  of  the 
Church  . .  . .  .  .  . .  .  .  ..12 

Item.   William  Wylde  for  making  the  said  bars  namely  8, 
and   four   hooks*  with  nails  for  the  said  gates,  namely 
III,  which    weighed    18    pieces,     11^    lbs,     lod.    per 
piece,  the  total  being         .  .  . .  . .  .  .  .  .  15 

And  to  the  said  William  for  repairing  an  axe®  belonging 

to  the  Church 
Item.    For  the  carriage  of  the  said  pieces*  of  lead  with 
the  said  bars  from  Portheleys'  to  the  Church 


1  Shouelis. 

2  Sic  in  original,  but  it  is  erroneously  added  up. 
2  See  note  4,  p.  84. 

*  Peicia. 

*  Hocys. 

*  Securis. 

'  See  note  5,  p.  84. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  lOi 

Communicata,  dated  26  March,  for  the  preceding  week  : —  ;£     s     d 

Christian,  the  glazier,  for  the  week            . .          . .          . .  30 

PhiUip  Rosse  for  the  week                . .          . .          . .          . .  12 


Total     . .  42 

Communicata,  dated  2  April,  for  the  preceding  week : — 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week  . .  . .  . .  . .  12 

Jak  Lokyer  for  making  three  locks  with  one  key  for  the 
gates  of  the  walls  of  the  Close,  and  four  '  pegous  '  and 
four  iron  '  lopys  '^  with  four  iron  plates  for  the  same 

gates  50 

Item.   For  drink  at  the  same  time  during  the  work  . .  2 

Item.    To  David,  the  smith,  of  Wyston  for  four  new  iron 
bars  for  the  north  door  of  the  Church,  of  his  own  iron 
and  weighing  4  pieces*  12  lbs  for  each  piece  2s.  4d.,  the 
total  being  ..  ..  ..  ..  ..  ..  114 

Item.    To  the  said  David  for  27  great  nails  for  the  gates 

of  the  Close  . .  . .  .  .  . .  . .  .  .  11 

Item.    For  the  carriage  of  the  same  from  Wyston  to  the 

church  of  St  Davids  .  .  . .  . .  .  .  . .  6 

Item.    To  the  said  David  for  drink  . .  . .  . .  2 

Item.    Jak  Lokyer  for  repairing  the of  the 

which  is  done  2 


Totar   ..  19   II 

Communicata,  dated  9  April,  for  the  preceding  week  : — 

Phillip  Rosse  for  the  week               .  .          . .          . .          . .  12 

Item.    For  parchment  bought  for  this  roll             .  .          . .  6 

Item.   To  Hugh  Felton  for  his  fees  for  this  year                ..  i   10     o 


Total      . .      Ill     8 

The  sum  total'  of  these  six  rolls  of  Communicata  above 

(infra)  ;^45  10  loi 

After  reading  the  above  account  the  reader  will  no 
doubt  be  struck  by  the  curious  names  of  the  workmen 
mentioned.  Bole  is  probably  the  equivalent  of  Ball,  but 
Yrist  is  a  name  which  the  writer  has  never  previously 


1  Possibly  staples. 

2  Peicia. 

*  Sic  in  original,  but  it  is  erroneously  added  up. 


102  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

come  across.  It  is  probably  an  error  of  the  transcriber 
of  the  MS.  Possibly  the  name  was  Yriet,  attempted  as 
the  rendering  of  Wyrriot.  Llewelyn  Syglo  is  a  curious 
combination.  Perhaps  S^'glo  was  a  nick-name,  equating 
Siglo  shaking. 

Vawrer  may  have  been  an  epithet  relating  to  the  size 
of  the  father  of  the  workman,  but  it  is  interesting  to  note 
that  there  was  a  Jenkin  Vawer,  a  shearman  in  Haverford- 
west, whose  son  William  Vawer,  a  cardmaker  and  sheriff 
of  Bristol  in  1558,  was  the  founder  of  Vawre's  charity 
in  Haverfordwest. 

It  appears  from  the  account  that  the  wages  of  a  common 
day  labourer  was  3d.  per  day,  except  in  winter,  when  his 
pay  was  reduced  to  2^d.  per  day.  Masons  were  paid 
about  4|-d.  per  day  in  summer.  '  Master  John,  the 
carpenter,'  received  4s.  per  week,  but  he  was  no  doubt 
a  superior  artizan,  as  other  carpenters  were  paid  only 
5d.  a  day,  and  the  next  highest  wages  paid  to  any  of  the 
workmen  was  received  by  Christian,  the  glazier,  whose 
pay  was  3s.  a  week. 

How  these  wages  compared  with  those  paid  in  England 
will  be  seen  from  the  following  entries  : — In  1384  a  mason 
in  Elham^  was  paid  6d.  per  day  ;  in  1385  a  carpenter 
at  Oxford  received  6d.  per  day  ;  in  1399  a  mason  in 
London  got  8d.  per  day,  and  a  carpenter  at  Hornchurch, 
5d.  per  day,  while  in  1400  a  carpenter  in  Radcliffe  was 
paid  4d.  per  day. 

In  considering  all  these  rates  of  wages  it  must  not  be 
forgotten  that  money  was  worth  very  considerably  more 
than  in  the  present  day,  and  that  the  cost  of  food  was 
correspondingly  low.  Thus  in  1384  at  Southampton, 
lambs  were  8d.  each,  pigs,  3s.  each,  and  sheep  is.  id. 
each  ;  a  goose  cost  4d.,  a  duck  2d.,  and  a  hen  2d.  Un- 
fortunately there  are  no  similar  prices  available  for 
Pembrokeshire  for  this  period. 

One  of  the  striking  items  in  the  account  is  the  charge 

1  In  Kent. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  103 

for  the  hire  of  a  horse  and  travelling  expenses.  Thus 
for  the  hire  of  a  riding  horse  for  three  days  to  go  from 
St.  Davids  to  Tenby  and  back — a  distance  of  68  miles — 
was  only  is.,  while  the  expenses  of  the  horse  and  rider 
for  the  three  days  was  2s.  Nowadays  the  hire  of  a  horse 
for  that  period  would  be  at  least  £2  los.  for  three  days. 

It  must  also  be  remembered  that  at  that  time  wages 
in  Dewisland  were  fixed  in  the  lordship  of  Pebydiauck 
by  the  bishop  of  St.  Davids  as  lord  of  the  manor,  and 
the  scale  in  1384  was  regulated  by  a  Statute  of  Bishop 
Adam  Houghton  on  15  July,  1380,  which  enacted  that 
no  common  workman  in  the  lordship  of  St.  Davids, 
who  did  not  support  a  household,  should  take  more 
than  2d.  a  day  with  food,  or  3d.  per  day  without  food. 
Master  workmen  were  to  be  paid  4d.  per  day  unless  the 
lord  should  think  that  they  deserved  more.  Teamsters^^ 
with  their  carts^  were  to  be  paid  6d.  only  as  from  old 
they  had  been  accustomed  to  receive,  and  no  teamster 
was  to  be  paid  more  than  id.  for  drawing  a  full  cart-load 
from  Porthclais  to  the  cathedral  or  to  the  city  of  St. 
Davids,  and  in  the  event  of  their  not  loading  their  carts 
full,  they  were  to  be  mulcted  of  one  day's  pa3\ 

The  Statute  further  provided  that  when  a  bushel  of 
barley  was  commonly  sold  for  6d.  in  the  market  place 
in  the  city  of  St.  Davids,  the  price  of  ale  sold  for  com- 
pulsory work  for  the  lord  of  the  manor  should  not  exceed 
id.  (per  gallon),  and  when  the  price  of  barley  exceeded 
lod.  per  bushel  but  did  not  exceed  i6d.  per  bushel,  the 
price  of  ale  sold  for  such  work  was  not  to  exceed  2d. 
The  Statute  also  enacted  that  bread  was  to  be  sold  at 
a  just  price  according  to  legal  weight,  and  the  price  of 
corn,  as  by  the  law  in  England. 

Another  clause  in  the  same  Statute  provided  that  in 
view  of  the  tricks  of  dealers  in  the  city  of  St.  Davids  and 
also  outside  the  city,  no  one  should  buy  victuals  in  the 
city  before  the  third  hour  of  the  day,  or  purchase  such 

1  Quadrigarii.  *  Quadrigis. 


104  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

victuals  on  the  way  to  the  market.  ^Moreover,  no  one 
was  to  prevent  provisions  from  being  brought  to  the 
market  and  exposed  for  sale,  and  when  provisions  were 
being  sold,  the  bishop,  canons,  and  vicars  choral  of  the 
cathedral  were  to  have  the  preference  over  all  other 
buyers.  Workmen  were  by  the  same  Statute  prohibited 
from  going  to  reap  for  pay  outside  the  lordship  in  harvest 
time,  if  work  were  available  within  the  lordship,  under 
a  penalty  of  a  fine  and  imprisonment. 

It  will  be  observed  that,  while  in  modern  times  the 
tendency  is  to  establish  a  minimum  rate  of  wages,  the 
practice  in  early  days  was  to  fix  a  maximum  scale,  and 
this  principle  was  apparently  in  force  in  Devonshire  in 
1656,  for  which  year  the  following  maximum  wages  were 
settled  by  the  justices  at  the  Quarter  Sessions  for  that 
county  : — 

No  common  men,  servants  of  husbandry,  above  16  years  and  under 
21,  to  be  paid  more  than  £1  per  annum,  and  above  21  years  of  age  £^ 
a  year. 

No  woman  under  14  shall  take  any  wages  but  meat,  drink,  and 
clothes,  and  above  14  until  18  years  old,  not  above  26s.  and  her  main- 
tenance, and  above  18  years  of  age,  40s. 

Husbandry  labourers  from  AU-Hallowstide  until  Candlemas  not 
above  4d.  per  day  with  meat  and  drink,  or  lod.  without  diet ;  and 
from  Candlemas  to  AU-Hallowstide  the  rest  of  the  year,  5d.  with  meat 
and  drink,  or  iid.  without  food  and  drink,  beating,  rooting,  hay  and 
corn  harvest  excepted,  and  then  not  above  is.  without  meat,  etc.,  or 
6d.  with  meat,  etc. 

Women  for  hay  and  corn  harvest  3d.  with  meat,  etc.,  or  6d.  with- 
out meat,  for  hay,  and  yd.  for  corn. 

Master  carpenter,  master  plaisterer,  mason,  joiner,  plumber,  hellier, 
thatcher,  pavior,  and  every  of  them  having  servants  or  apprentices, 
and  able  to  take  charge  of  the  work,  yd.  by  the  day  with  meat,  etc., 
and  i4d.  without  meat,  etc. 

A  pair  of  sawyers  by  the  day  with  meat,  etc.,  i2d.,  and  without 
meat  2s.  4d.  All  spinsters  in  private  families  shall  take  not  above  6d. 
with  meat,  etc.,  by  the  week,  and  2s.  without  meat,  etc.,  by  the  week. 

Interesting  light  on  the  state  of  affairs  in  St.  Davids 
is  afforded  by  the  entries  mentioning  the  robberies  which 
were  committed  in  the  City  of  St.  Davids  in  that  period. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  105 

The  sanctity  of  the  cathedral  did  not  protect  it  from 
violation  by  thieves,  and  a  little  previous  to  November 
1385  burglars  appear  to  have  broken  the  locks  of 
the  Church,  and  such  was  their  audacity  that  the  cathe- 
dral authorities  were  reduced  to  walling  up  divers  win- 
dows in  the  church  on  account  of  the  depredation  of  the 
thieves,  and  presumably  also  divers  doors  in  the  aisles 
of  the  church.  Unfortunately  there  is  no  record  as  to 
what  booty,  if  any,  was  secured  by  the  robbers. 

The  subsequent  accounts  in  the  Liher  Communis  give 
very  little  information  as  to  the  wages  paid  in  years 
subsequent  to  the  Communicata.  In  the  account  for  1490 
of  Master  William  Warren,  the  Communarius  of  the 
Cathedral,  we  learn  that  Thomas  Knight  was  paid  6s. 
for  working  stones,  and  Jenkin  ap  Thomas,  Thomas  Hay- 
ward,  Thomas  John,  and  William  Leya,  his  associates, 
4d.  per  day,  while  John  the  plumber  and  his  associates 
were  paid  lod.  per  day  for  two  days  repairing  the  aque- 
duct. In  the  account  of  the  same  Communarius  for 
1492,  Thomas  Kneaght  and  his  associates  were  paid 
2s.  6d.  for  three  days  for  working  at  the  pavement  of 
the  Cathedral,  and  Henry  Wadyn  and  his  mate  were 
paid  4s.  2d.  for  working  at  the  wall  of  the  churchyard, 
being  at  the  rate  of  9d.  for  each  day.  After  this  date  the 
writer  had  found  no  entries  showing  the  wages  in  North- 
west Pembrokeshire  until  the  year  1708.  From  that 
year  the  diary  of  Rees  ap  Rees  of  Penrallt  Kibwr,  in  the 
parish  of  St.  Dogmaels,  yeoman,  more  or  less  covers 
the  period  down  to  1734.  In  this  diary  the  owner  has 
jotted  down  the  following  memoranda  of  his  hiring  of 
workpeople  on  the  undermentioned  dates  : — 

1708.  Oct.  27.  Agreed  with  Anne  Edward  for  her  son  for  a  whole  year 
for  '  a  pair  of  close  and  a  lam'.' 

1708.  Nov.  30.  Agreed  with  Thomas  Evan  for  a  year  for  iis.  and  a 

lamb. 

1709.  Nov.  14.  Agreed  with  John  David  for  his  son  till  Hollandtide, 

1710,  for  14s.  6d. 
171 1.  Oct.  3.  Agreed  with  Anne  Thomas  for  her  son  for  a  year  for 
14s.  and  a  lamb. 


io6  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

1734.  Oct.  5.  Agreed  with  Joshua  James  for  his  son  James  for  a  year 

for  24s. 

1735.  Oct.  21.   Paid  David  John  Parry  for  the  following  work: — 20 

days  in  harvest  in  1737  at  4d.  per  day  ;    other  work,  41  days 
at  3d.  per  day  ;    8  days  at  2d.  per  day. 

The  accounts  of  Abel  Hicks  of  Tremanhire  in  the  parish 
of  Whitchurch  in  Dewisland,  supplies  to  some  extent  the 
information  for  a  later  period.  It  appears  that  he  relied 
to  a  large  extent  on  dutywork  by  his  tenants,  but  an 
account  with  one  of  them  named  John  Woolkock  give 
some  useful  information  as  to  the  rate  of  wages  paid. 
In  1754  Woolkock  was  paid  3d.  for  half  a  day  mowing 
r^-e  grass,  5s.  6d.  for  16^  days  in  harvest,  and  lod.  for 
five  da^^s  work  after  the  harvest.  In  April,  1757,  the 
same  person  was  paid  7d.  for  3|-  days  digging  in  the 
garden  and  filling  carts.  In  1792  Henry  Hicks  (son  of 
Abel  Hicks)  rented  a  house  and  garden  to  Elizabeth 
Griffiths,  who  agreed  to  reap  and  bind  during  harvest 
for  3d.  per  day,  and  to  make  hay  and  weed  at  id.  per 
day.  Another  tenant  bound  himself  to  reap  at  4d.  per 
day.  It  is  probable  that  all  the  above  rates  were  some- 
what under  the  current  wages  as  the  work  was  in  part 
payment  of  the  rent. 

A  servants-book  of  John  Evans  of  Trevayog  Hall 
in  the  parish  of  St.  Nicholas  supplies  information  as 
to  the  wages  paid  in  the  period  1807 — 1845,  from 
which  the  following  items  are  extracted,  the  hirings 
being  in  each  case  for  the  whole  year  : — 

1807.  Oct.  18.  James  Price,  £^  5s. 

1807.  Oct.  21.  Phoebe    Harrie,    £2  5s.,    one    pound    of   wool,    and    a 

flannel  apron. 
1807.  Oct.  22.  Martha  Perry   (head  maid  servant),  £^,  one  pound  of 

wool,  and  a  flannel  apron. 
1810.  Oct.  18.  James   Price,   £q  los.,   two  pounds  of  wool,   and   the 

haulage  of  a  load  of  culm. 
1815.  Oct.  19.   James  Banner,  £g. 
1815.  Oct.  24.   Jemima  Prosser,  £^,  one  pound  of  wool,  and  a  flannel 

apron. 
1825.  Oct.  18.   David  John,  £?,. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  107 

1825.  Oct.  18.  Margaret  Jenkins,  £^,  one  pound  of  wool,  and  a  flannel 

apron. 
1830.  Oct.  17.  Dorothy  Howell,  £2   los.,  and  one  pound  of  wool. 
1839.  Oct.  19.  James  Griffiths,  £8  los. 
1845.  Oct.  20.  David  Evans,  £g  los. 
1845.  Oct.  12.  Anne  John,  £2  15s. 

As  to  the  apparel  of  our  ancestors  in  early  times  we 
have  little  information.  There  is  a  rude  sketch  on  the 
margin  of  a  document  in  the  Public  Record  Ofhce, 
depicting  the  scribe's  idea  of  a  Welshman,  but  it  is  quite 
possible  that  this  may  have  been  an  imaginary  sketch. 
It  is,  however,  safe  to  conclude  that  in  1281  Welsh  woollen 
frieze  largely  composed  the  dress  of  the  ordinary  in- 
habitant of  Pembrokeshire,  and  in  fact  in  all  other  parts 
of  Wales.  A  grant  in  that  year  by  King  Edward  I. 
to  the  bailiffs  and  burgesses  of  Hay  in  co.  Brecon  of  tolls 
on  goods  brought  into  that  town,  indicates  the  importance 
of  the  cloth  trade  in  Wales,  as  no  fewer  than  five  items 
relate  to  cloth.  Thus  on  every  horse-load  of  cloth  sold 
the  toll  was  ^d.,  on  every  entire  cloth  sold,  ^d.,  on  every 
truss  of  cloth  brought  by  cart,  3d.,  and  on  every  horse- 
load  of  cloth  or  divers  other  small  article,  -^d. 

Whether  the  cloth  brought  into  Hay  was  of  Welsh 
manufacture  is  not  certain,  and  it  is  equally  uncertain 
as  to  when  woollen  manufactures  were  commenced  in 
Pembrokeshire,  it  has  been  stated  that  Flemings  soon 
after  their  arrival  in  the  county  started  this  industry  in 
Tenby,  and  tradition  asserts  that  they  had  two  woollen 
factories  in  Tenby,  one  on  the  Castle  Hill  and  another 
in  Chimney  Park,  but  however  this  may  have  been,  it 
is  certain  that  in  1326  there  was  a  fulling  mill  at  Cil- 
gerran,  and  in  1325-6  there  was  a  similar  factory  at 
Camrose,  and  later  records  mention  numerous  other 
fulling  mills  in  different  parts  of  the  county. 

But  while  Welsh  homespun  may  be  regarded  as  the 
ordinary  wear  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  principality, 
it  is  clear  from  the  tolls  mentioned  in  the  grant  above 
referred  to,  that  an  inclination  for  richer  raiment  has 
already  set  in,  as  among  the  items  is  a  toll  of  ^d.  on  cloth 


io8 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


of  silk  ^Yith  gold  samite/  diaper  and  baudekyn,^and  Jd.  on 
silk  without  gold  and  on  cendalum,^  while  id.  was  charged 
on  every  hundred  of  linen  web,  canvas,  and  Irish  cloth. 

From  this  date  till  the  beginning  of  the  reign  of  James 
I.,  there  is  little  information  available  as  to  the  apparel 
of  the  inhabitants  of  Pembrokeshire,  but  it  is  certain 
that  among  the  wealthier  classes  luxury  in  raiment 
had  steadily  increased.  The  inventory  of  the  goods  of 
Sir  John  Perrot  at  Carew  Castle  made  on  27  April,  1592,  is 
disappointing,  the  only  items  of  personal  apparel  men- 
tioned being  two  pairs  of  pantoufles^  and  three  pairs 
of  pinsons^,  their  total  value  being  6s.,  the  explanation 
of  this  no  doubt  being  that  the  inventory  is  not  complete. 

There  were  dandies  at  that  period  as  in  modern  times, 
and  in  1603  some  of  the  fashionable  swells  were  equally 
reluctant  to  pay  their  tailors'  bills,  with  the  result  that 
they  were  sued  in  the  Great  Sessions,  and  these  bills, 
being  fortunately  preserved,  are  now  available  for  our 
information  th^ee  hundred  years  afterwards. 

The  bills  in  question,  which  are  interesting  not  only 
as  showing  the  cost  of  materials,  but  also  affording  light 
on  the  materials  worn  at  that  period,  and  also  on  other 
commodities,  are  given  below.  The  plaintiff  in  each  case 
was  Richard  Bateman,  a  mercer  in  Haverfordwest, 
who  sued  in  1603  Hugh  Owen  of  Orielton,  esq.,  for  £3  17s. 
for  the  following  goods  supplied  about  8  Sept.,  1603  : — 

Hugh  Owens,  late  of  Orielton,  esq.,  the  8th  dale  of  Sept.,     ;/]     s     d 

1603,  oweth  for  13  yards  of  barge*  @  I4d.  per  yard         . .      112     6 

2f  yards  of  sack-cloth'  @  i4d.  per  yard  ..  ..  ..  3     4 

i^  yards  of  buckram  @  i6d.  per  yard 

17  yards  of  whalebone 

One  ounce  of  silke 

Two  pair  of  whalebone  sleeves 


'  Silk  stuff  sometimes  woven  with  gold  or  silver  threads. 

2  Silk  cloth. 

3  A  silken  cloth. 

*  Slippers. 

*  Thin  soled  shoes. 

^  Barege,  a  thin  dress  woollen  stuff. 

'  A  mourning  cloth. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


i^  yards  of  French  greene  sayes^ 

J  [yard]  of  buckram,  is.,  and  thread,  lod. 

Green  nicle  and  thrid 

One  yard  of  buckram 

I J  yards  of  sackcloth 

2^  yards  of  jeine^  fustian 

9  yards  of  whalebone 

Coulerd'  silke  2d.,  thrid  3d. 

5j  yards  of  broad  bayes* 


109 

£ 

s 

d 

3 

9 

I 

10 
3 

I 

4 

I 

9 

3 

I 

I 

6 

r 

3 

13 

I 

£3  17 


In  the  next  case  Gelly  Laugharne  of  Pembroke,  gent., 
was  sued  for  £4  i8s.  46..  for  the  undermentioned  goods 
supplied  about  the  22  Sept.,  1603.  Gelly  Ivaugharne  was 
the  son  of  Thomas  Laugharne,  the  brother  of  Francis 
Laugharne  of  St.  Brides  : — 

Gelly   Laugharne  of  Pembrock,   gent.,   the   22   Sept.,    1603,     ^     s     d 
oweth  unto   Richard   Baetman  for   yf   yards  of  millian* 
fustian  @  3s.  4d.  per  yard     .  . 

Two  dozen  of  purled  lace 

Nine  dozen  green  silk  buttons   . . 

10  skeynes  of  silke 

1  [yard]  of  russet  fustian  lod.  and  greene  sayes 
3  yards  of  dowlas* 
3  yards  of  white  jeyne  fustian  .  . 
I J  yards  of  canvas  i5d.  and  thrid  6d. 
J  [yard]  of  elbroad  taffeta 
6  yards  of  lace  id.  and  4  skeynes  of  silk 
3|-  yards  of  red  cloth  @  2S.  6d. 

2  yards  of  cotton 

3  dozen  of  velvet  lace 
One  ounce  of  tobacco 
J  oz.  of  spun  silk 
A  dozen  heare  collerd  poynts'  . . 
A  pair  of  knives  2od.,  a  lace  id. 
i  yard  of  cotton  .  . 
14I  yards  of  lace 
Thread  id.,  lace  caddis*  3d. 

A   18     4 


I     5  10 

6     0 

3     0 

I     8 

I     6 

3     6 

3     6 

I     9 

I   10 

2     5 

8   10 

5     0 

120 

3     4 

I     0 

2     0 

I     9 

I     4 

I   10 

4 

1  A  serge  cloth. 

*  Jean,  a  twilled  cloth. 
^  Coloured. 

*  Baize. 


5  ?  Milan. 

^  Strong  calico. 

'  Laces  for  fastening  hose,  &c. 

*  Cotton. 


no 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


The  third  case  was  against  Alban  Owen  of  Court  in 
the  parish  of  Eglwyswrw,  gent.,  to  recover  £12  14s.  5d. 
for  goods  delivered  before  11  Oct.,  1603.  Alban  Owen 
was  the  son  of  George  Owen,  lord  of  Kernes,  by  his  first 
wife  Elizabeth  the  daughter  of  William  Philipps  of 
Picton  Castle  : — 

Mr.  Alban  Owens  of  the  Court  in  the  parish  of  Eglwyswrw     £     s     d 
oweth  unto  me   Richard   Batman   the   16  day  of  Sept., 
1603,  unpaid  of  ould  by  account       . .  . .  . .  ••745 

The  20th  day  of  Sept.,   1603,  I  sould  and  delivered  to  the 
said  Mr.  Alban  Owens  by  the  handes  of  his  messengers 
with  his  letter  f  yard  of  black  satten  @  i8s.  per  yard    . .  13     6 

The  II  Oct.  1603  I  sould  and  delivered  to  the  said  Mr.  Alban 
Owens  by  the  handes  of  his  messenger  and  servant  Jenkin 
James  with  his  letter,  7  yardes  of  sage  coullour  Kentish 
brodcloth  @  los.  6d.  per  yard  ..  ..  ..  •  •      3   I3 

A  pair  of  fine  wosted^  stockens  . .  . .  . .  . .  6 

A  pair  of  fine  silk  garters  . .  . .  . ,  . ,  . .  5 

2  doz.  fine  silk  pointes  @  2s.  per  doz.  , .  . .  . .  4 

6  pair  of  Kentish  washed  gloves  @  i4d.  per  pair      . .  . .  7 


;£i2   14     5 

The  fourth  case  was  against  William  Warren  of  Tre- 
wern  in  the  parish  of  Nevern,  esq.,  for  £6  15s.  3d.  for 
goods  delivered  before  23  Dec,  1604.  William  Warren 
was  the  son  of  Mathias  Warren  of  Trewern,  by  Elizabeth 
Catharne  his  wife  : — 

Mr.  William  Warren  of  Trewerne  esq.  the  i8th  Aug.   1604 
oweth  unto  me  Richard  Batman  for  4J  stones  of  Spanish 

eyron^  @  i8d.  per  stone         . .          . .          . .          . .          . .  10     6 

8  stones  of  good  pitche  @  i8d.  per  stone        .  .          . .          . .  12     o 

2  stones  of  black  ocum^  @  3d.  per  lb.              . .          . .          . .  7     o 

18  Aug.  1604  2^  yards  of  brown  hoUand  @  3s.  per  yard      . .  7     ^ 

6  doz.  of  ash  collar*  silk  buttons  @  5d.  per  doz.        . .          . .  26 

6  skeines  of  couUer  silk  @  2d.  per  skeine        . .          .  .          .  .  10 

2^  yards  of  black  cotton  @  lod.  per  yard       . .          . .          . .  20 

Flex  6d.,  and  3  doz.  blue  silk  buttons  i2d.     .  .          . .          . .  16 

16  skeines  of  blue  silk  @  2d.  per  skeine           . .          . .          . .  28 


Worsted. 
Iron. 
Oakum. 
Coloured. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

6  yards  of  smale  blue  silk  purled  lace  @  3d.  per  yard 
2  doz.  large  blue  close^  buttons 

25  Aug.  1604,  3  yards  of  watchet^  byndinge  lace  @  4d.  per 
yard 

2  yards  of  curie  lace  3d.  per  yard  and  2  skeines  of  couler 
silk  4d.  . . 

i\  yards  of  galoone  lace  @  3d.  per  yard 

21  Sept.  1604,  3^  yards  of  dowlas  @  lyd.  per  yard 

3  doz.  of  watchet  curie  silk  lace  @  4d.  per  yard 
A  yard  of  watchet  cuUourd  elbrod'  taffetta   . . 
12  skeines  of  watchet  silk  @  2d.  per  skeine    . . 

18  Nov.  1604.  By  his  son  Thomas  Warren  with  his  letter, 
4  doz.  of  watchet  cotillen*  silke  curie  lace  @  4d.  per  yard 

12  skeines  of  couller  silk  @  2d.  per  skeine  and  a  yard  of 
buckram  i2d.    .  . 

A  dozen  of  slyved*  silk   .  . 

12  Dec.  1604.  2  brod  black  cupps 

23  Dec.  1604.  23  yards  of  watchet  ribband    . . 

6J  yards  of  grene  ribband 

9  doz.  buttons 

8  skeines  of  silke 

5  yards  of  watchet  silk  lace 


III 

s    d 

1  6 

2  2 


I 

3 
16 

15 
2 

16 

3 
I 

7 
2 

3 


ID 
O 

II 
O 
O 
O 


i(>  15     3 


In  the  above  bills  the  measures  are  given  in  condensed 
modern  form  in  place  of  the  complicated  verbiage  in 
the  originals,  but  the  spelling  in  the  MS.  is  retained. 

The  charge  of  3s.  4d.  for  one  ounce  of  tobacco  in  the 
bill  against  Gelly  Laugharne  is  particularly  interesting, 
as  it  gives  us  the  price  of  that  commodity  in  1603,  just 
17  years  after  its  first  introduction  into  England  in  1565 
by  Sir  John  Hawkins.  In  1586  Mr.  Ralph  Lane  intro- 
duced the  practice  of  smoking,  and  Paul  Hentzner  in 
recording  his  visit  to  the  Bear  Gardens  in  London  in 
1589  stated  that  at  these  spectacles  and  everywhere  else 
the  English  were  constantly  smoking  tobacco.  King 
James  was  a  strong  opponent  to  smoking,  and  in  the 


1  Clothes. 

*  Blue. 

8  An  ell  broad. 

*  A  black  and  white  woollen  fabric  for  ladies  skirts. 
6  Split. 


112 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


very  year  in  which  Gelly  Laugharne  made  his  purchase 
of  the  weed,  published  his  celebrated  Counterblast  to 
Tobacco,  and  in  1604  placed  a  duty  of  6s.  lod.  per  lb. 
on  all  tobacco  sold.  As  tobacco  by  the  entry  above 
referred  to  was  £2  13s.  4d.  per  lb.  in  1603,  it  must,  with 
the  duty  placed  on  it  in  1604,  have  cost  at  least  £3  os.  2d. 
per  tb.  in  that  3^ear,  and  present  day  smokers  of  the  weed 
have  reason  to  congratulate  themselves  that  they  did 
not  live  in  the  reign  of  James  I. 

Some  ten  years  later  we  have  a  bill  for  '  wares  delivered 
toward  the  funeral  of  George  Owens,  esq.'  This  George 
Owen  was  no  doubt  the  lord  of  Kemes  and  the  well- 
known  Elizabethan  historian  of  Pembrokeshire,  who 
died  on  26  Aug.,  1613.  The  first  item  in  the  bill  is  dated 
25  Aug.,  16  .  .  .  The  date  of  the  year  is  illegible,  but  as 
the  document  is  in  a  file  of  papers  for  the  12  Jac.  I. 
(1614-15),  there  can  be  little  doubt  as  to  the  identity  of 
the  deceased.  If  the  goods  were  ordered  on  25  Aug., 
the  executor  must  have  bought  the  goods  in  anticipation 
of  the  death,  but  possibly  this  date  ma}^  have  been  an 
error  of  the  shopkeeper.  The  items  in  the  bill  are  as 
follows  : — 


16.  .  Aug.  25.   13  yards  of  puke'^  @  13s.  per  yard 

13  yards  of  puke  @  iis.  per  yard 

if  of  puke  @  los.  per  yard 

16  yards  of  grogram^  @  2S.  2d.  per  yard 

9  yards  of  lyle^  grogram  @  2s.  2d.  per  yard 

3  yards  of  black  ribbin  @  5d.  per  yard 

3^  yards  of  russet  fustian  @  I4d.  per  yard 

Black  thread  6d.,  a  skein  of  sUk  2d.  .  . 

A  dozen  of  buttons 

13  yards  of  amitt*  @  2s.  yd.  per  yard 

3  yards  of  russet  fustian  @  I4d. 
One  yard  of  buckram    .  . 
7  yards  of  black  ribbon  @  5d.  per  yard 

4  skeynes  of  silk  8d.,  a  pastboard  4d. 


3 
17 

19 


13 
3 

I 
2 
I 


^  Puke  was  a  material  of  a  dark  colour,  said  to  be  between  black  and  russet. 

*  A  coarse  fabric  of  silk  or  silk  and  mohair. 
3  Lisle. 

*  Possibly  Amice,  a  flowing  garment ;    probably  material  for  the  shroud. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  113 

i  s    d 
Thread     . .          . .          . .          . .          . .          . .          . .          . .  6 

4  yards  of  black  ribbin  @  2d.  per  yard         .  .  . .  . .  8 

\  yard  of  tamitt^  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . .  .  .  i      3j 

Silk,  6s.,  in  ink  id.         .  .  .  .  .  .  .  .  . .  . .  7 


£21    15      li 


In  the  wa}'-  of  household  utensils,  the  writer  has  found 
no  mention  of  crockery  or  earthenware  having  been 
used  in  Pembrokeshire  in  early  days.  Yet  broth  [cawl] 
was  almost  a  national  item  of  food  and  basins  of  some 
kind  must  have  been  required  to  hold  it.  There  can  be 
little  doubt  that  bowls  and  plates  of  sycamore  wood  and 
spoons  of  the  same  material  formed  the  dinner  service 
for  the  consumption  of  broth  and  other  liquid  comestibles 
in  the  houses  of  all  but  the  wealthier  members  of  the 
community.  The  latter  class  had  undoubtedly  plates, 
dishes,  basins,  cups,  tankards,  spoons,  and  other  articles 
made  of  pewter,  while  the  '  millionaires  '  of  the  period 
had  more  or  less  silver  and  silver  gilt  plate  for  domestic 
use.  Cups  of  horn  were  also  used,  and  the  writer  of  this 
article  recollects  that  in  1868,  the  outer  kitchen  at  Treva- 
coon  appropriated  to  the  farm  servants  was  supplied 
with  wooden  bowls  and  spoons  for  broth,  etc.,  which 
with  bacon,  barley  bread  and  oaten  cakes,  butter,  milk, 
and  cheese  were  the  chief  articles  of  diet  in  that  kitchen. 
In  the  inner  kitchen,  appropriated  to  the  houseservants, 
neat  little  horn  tumblers  were  in  daily  use. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  all  silver  and  pewter  articles 
specifically  mentioned  in  documents  and  in  wills  and 
inventories  for  probate  purposes  of  the  goods  of  Pem- 
brokeshire persons  during  the  period  1551 — 1659,  which 
have  come  under  the  writer's  notice.  It  is  interesting 
not  only  as  throwing  light  on  the  conditions  of  social 
life,  but  also  as  indicating  to  some  extend  the  financial 
circumstances  of  the  owners.  It  must  not,  however,  be 
concluded  that  the  list  comprises  the  whole  of  the  plate 
and  pewter  in  the  count}',  as  it  is  only  in  comparatively 

^  Perhaps  intended  for  tamine,  a  thin  woollen  or  worsted  stufi  highly 
glazed. 

H 


114  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

iew  instances  that  such  articles  are  specifically  mentioned 
in  the  wills  of  the  period,  and  unfortunately  a  very  large 
number  of  the  inventories  of  the  goods  of  the  different 
testators,  especially  those  of  the  highest  social  standing, 
have  disappeared.  In  the  list  given  below,  the  date  of 
the  will  or  document  containing  the  information  comes 
first,  then  the  name  and  address  of  the  owner,  followed 
by  the  description  of  the  plate  or  pewter,  and  when  the 
information  is  derived  from  inventories,  the  value  of 
such  articles  as  assessed  by  the  appraisors  ;  also  notes  on 
the  owners  : — 

1 55 1  Nov.  II.  John  Phillipps  of  Picton  [Castle].  A  basyn  and 
ewer,  sylver  and  parcel  gilt ;  a  standyng  cupp,  silver  ;  a  goblet  with 
a  cover,  parcell  gilt  ;  a  white  standyng  cupp,  sylver  ;  two  saultes  with 
cover,  gylte  ;  a  salte  with  a  cover,  white  ;  therteen  spones  typped 
with  Christ  and  the  Apostells,  parcell  gilt ;  two  dosen  of  spones, 
white  ;  two  crewses  with  covers  for  ale,  doble  gilte  ;  a  crewse  with  a 
cover  for  ale,  parcell  gilte  ;  a  pott,  sylver  parcell  gilte  ;  a  flatt  pece 
with  a  cover,  doble  gilte  ;  foure  white  cuppes.  John  PhilUpps  was 
the  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Philhpps  of  Cilsant  by  Joan  the  daughter  and 
coheiress  of  Sir  Henry  Dwnn  of  Picton  Castle. 

1592  April  27.  Sir  John  Perrott  of  Carew.  Three  jugges  garnisht 
with  silver,  the  covers  loose,  26s.  8d.  This  plate  is  stated  to  have 
been  newly  found,  and  the  bulk  of  the  silver  appears  to  have  been 
included  in  a  first  certificate  which  is  missing.  Under  the  heading 
'  Pewter  of  all  Sortes  '  are  the  following  : — 6  chamber  pottes  of  pewter 
3s.  ;  3  candlestickes  of  tynne  3s.  ;  4  present  pottes,  13s.  4d.  ;  6  flag- 
gons  of  Tynne  los.  ;  6  dozen  of  pewter  platters  and  one  odd  one,  at 
4d.  ye  lb.,  weying  309  lbs.,  £5  3s.  ;  18  porringers  weying  13  lbs.,  at 
4d.  ye  lb.,  4s.  4d.  ;  one  dozen  and  8  sawcers  weying  6  lbs.  at  4d.  ye 
lb.  2s.  ;  4  old  platters  or  chargers  weying  27  lbs.,  9s.  ;  certaine  old 
pewter  weying  28  lbs.  at  3d.  ye  lb.,  7s.  ;  3  dozen  and  6  dishes  and 
plates  of  all  sorts,  weying  66  lbs.  at  3d.  ye  lb.,  22s.  ;  a  dozen  of  savyer  ; 
i^  dozen  of  frute  dishes,  2  dozen  of  other  dishes,  2  dozen  of  platters, 
and  one  odd  one,  4  chargers  and  4  pie  plates,  all  being  newe,  and 
weying  162  lbs.  at  4d.,  58s.  In  addition  to  these  the  inventory  men- 
tions the  following  articles  as  having  been  lent  to  George  Deverox 
esq.,  for  the  funeral  of  Mr.  Walter  Deverox  : — 4  chamber  potts  ;  18 
pewter  platters  ;  6  sawcers  ;  4  white  candlestickes  ;  2  pewter  beere 
pottes  ;  28  plate  trenchers.  Sir  John  Perrot  was  M.P.  for  co.  Pem- 
broke in  1563.  He  was  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland,  and  is  said  to  have 
had  an  income  of  over  ;^20,ooo  a  year.  He  was  born  at  Haroldston 
near  Haverfordwe.st,  but  afterwards  removed  to  Carew  Castle,  which 
had  been  granted  to  him  by  Queen  Mary  in  1554.      {State  Papers.) 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  115 

1581-2.  John  Vaughan  of  Narberth,  gent.  12  silver  spoons  and  a 
silver  ale  cup,  bequeathed  to  his  grandson  John  Nayshe.  John 
Vaughan  died,  leaving  three  daughters,  namely,  Jane,  who  married 
John  Elliott  of  Narberth,  Mary,  who  married  Richard  Nash,  and 
whose  daughter  Jonet  was  the  wife  of  Alban  Phillipps,  the  son  of 
Morgan  Phillipps  of  Picton  Castle.  The  third  daughter  married  John 
Re  veil  of  Kilgerran. 

1594  Nov.  15.  Elizabeth  Loughor  of  Tenby.  She  bequeathed  to 
her  sister  Anne  Lloyd  and  her  cousin  Jane  Lloyd  and  to  Mr.  Principall 
Harris,  a  gilt  bowl  each,  and  to  Mrs.  Younge  and  Mrs.  Bathell,  a 
lesser  gilt  bowl  apiece. 

1599  July  9.  David  Symyns  of  the  parish  of  Ambleston.  8  pewter 
dishes,  3s.  ;  3  brazen  candlesticks,  6s.  ;  2  pewter  candlesticks,  is.  4d. ; 
2  mazer  cuppes  with  silver  hoops,  14s.  ;    4  silver  spoons,  6s.  8d. 

1599-1600  Feb.  18.  Thomas  Cooper  of  Martletwy.  6  best  silver 
spoons  and  a  silver  salt  cellar,  gilt,  bequeathed  by  him  to  his  son 
John  Cooper.  Thomas  Cooper  was  the  son  of  Edward  Cooper  of 
Martletwy.  He  married  Gwen  (described  in  Sir  Thomas  Phillipps' 
Notes  of  Deeds  at  Picton  Castle  as  Winifred),  the  daughter  of  Rice 
Huett,  who  after  the  death  of  her  husband  Thomas  Cooper  married 
Thomas  Phillipps  of  Martletwy.  Thomas  Cooper  describes  himself 
as  a  cousin  of  Owen  Phillipps  of  MoUeston. 

1603.  Owen  Phillipps  of  Molleston,  gent.  A  basin  and  ewer  of 
pewter,  3s.  ;  another  basin  6d.  ;  a  charger,  is.  ;  2  dozen  pewter 
dishes,  is.  ;  2  chamber  potts,  is.  ;  4  pewter  candlesticks  and  one  of 
copper,  4s.  ;  a  white  silver  cup,  55s.  ;  a  silver  bowl,  45s.  ;  silver  salt 
cellar  and  cover,  20s.  ;  11  silver  spoons,  £;^.  Owen  Phillipps  was  the 
son  of  Morgan  Phillipps  of  Picton  Castle  by  his  wife  Elizabeth,  the 
daughter  of  Richard  Fletcher  of  Bangor,  esq. 

1604  Oct.  16.  William  Johnes  of  Haverfordwest,  alderman.  One 
dozen  '  Postel  spoones  '  and  a  gold  ring,  which  he  bequeathed  to  his 
son  James  Johnes.  Testator's  wife  Joan  in  1605  bequeathed  to  her 
niece  Joan  Rosser  '  my  silver  spoones  with  the  broad  hedds  and  a 
silver  goblet  which  I  have  remaynynge  with  Mr.  William  Walter  of 
Roche  in  gage.' 

1606  June  24.  John  Hycke  of  Woodston  in  the  parish  of  Steynton. 
Two  '  brod  pewter  dishes  and  a  brass  chauldron.' 

1606  Dec.  4.  Thomas  Renish  of  the  parish  of  Camrose.  8  silver 
spoons. 

1607-8  Jan.  10.  Margaret  Shipman  alias  Elliott  of  the  parish  of  St. 
Florence,  widow.  Two  little  platters  ;  a  broad  dish  and  platter,  and 
one  pewter  dish. 

1608-9  Mar.  17.  Jenett  Reade  of  Newton,  in  the  parish  of  Rud- 
baxton,  widow.     Two  coffers,  8  pewter  dishes  ;    a  canopy  bed. 

1609-10  Mar.  4.  William  James  Peeter  of  Llanrian.  16  pieces  of 
pewter,  and  3  candlesticks,  20s.  ;  a  pewter  salt  cellar  and  12  tin 
spoons,  2S.  ;    a  corslett  with  a  pike,  20s. 


Ii6  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

1611  May  12.  Henry  Nash  of  Haverfordwest,  gent.  10  '  Postell 
spoons  and  one  other  spoone,'  ^3  los.  ;  a  '  cruze  with  a  cover  and 
foot,  double  gilt,'  30s. 

161 1  May  18.  William  Walter  of  the  parish  of  St.  ]\Iary,  Haver- 
fordwest, alderman.  A  bell  salte,  gilte,  a  silver  tonn,  parcel  gilt,  a 
white  silver  wine  cupp,  and  '  6  spoones  with  Appostle  hedds.'  The 
will  states  that  this  silver  was  brought  by  his  wife  Alice  Middleton 
to  the  testator  on  her  marriage  to  him.  This  William  Walter  was 
the  son  of  John  Walter,  the  first  of  the  family  to  come  to  Pembroke- 
shire, and  the  ancestor  of  the  Walters  of  Roch  Castle  (see  West  Wales 
Hist.  Records,  Vol.  V.,  p.  272). 

1611-12.  George  Owen  of  the  parish  of  Llanvihangel  Penbedw, 
clerk.  Pewter  dishes  and  a  salt  cellar,  13s.  ;  6  silver  spoones,  30s. 
He  held  the  livings  of  Llanvihangel  Penbedw  and  Whitechurch  in 
Kemes,  and  was  one  of  the  first  Pembrokeshire  authors.  He  was  the 
writer  of  The  Genealogy  of  James  I.,  the  Well  Spring  of  True  Nobility, 
etc. 

1612  Jul.  25.  Thomas  Symyns  of  Martell,  in  the  parish  of  Pon- 
cheston.  A  mazer  cuppe  with  a  silver  hoope  ;  6  pewter  dishes  and  2 
saltcellars,  6s.  ;  a  silver  salt  [cellar],  20s.  ;  6  silver  spoones,  12s.  ;  a 
cup  with  a  silver  cover,  5s.  He  was  the  son  of  John  Symyns  of  Martel 
by  his  wife  Agnes,  the  daughter  of  WilUam  ap  Res  of  Martel. 

1614-15  Feb.  8.  Miles  Middleton  of  Pulcrochan,  gent.  7  pewter 
dishes  and  candlesticks,  8s.  ;  a  silver  spoon,  4s.  ;  a  brooch,  is.  ;  12 
wooden  dishes  and  trenchers,  4d.  ;    a  pair  of  quern  stones,  is.  8d. 

1616  Apr.  10.  William  Walter  of  Roch  Castle,  gent.  Silver  plate, 
;^6o.     (See  West  Wales  Historical  Records,  Vol.  V.,  p.  274.) 

1616-17  Mar.  6.  Thomas  Mathias  of  Llwyngwarren,  in  the  parish 
of  Jordanston.  3  silver  beer  bowls,  £j  ;  12  silver  spoons,  £4.  He 
was  the  son  of  Mathias  ap  Thomas,  and  married  Ursula,  the  daughter 
of  George  Owen,  lord  of  Kemes,  by  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  William 
Phillipps  of  Picton.  Ursula  Mathias  afterwards  married  William 
Laugharne,  the  son  of  Thom.as  Laugharne,  and  grandson  of  Francis 
Laugharne  of  St.  Brides. 

1617-18  Jan.  29.  John  Harryes  of  Foord,  in  the  parish  of  Steynton. 
Silver  saltcellar,  parcel  gilt,  with  a  cover,  30s.  ;  5  silver  spoons,  i6s. 
8d.  ;  a  silver  tureen,  20s.  ;  an  old  basin  and  ewer  of  pewter,  3s.  4d.  ; 
pewter  dishes,  platters  and  saucers  of  several  sorts,  amounting  to 
2  J  dozens,  30s.  ;  3  old  candlesticks  of  pewter  and  an  old  saltcellar, 
6d.  ;  '  treene  dishes  and  trenchers  with  one  old  pottle  pewter  pott,  a 
pint  and  two  pewter  chamber  potts,'  2s. 

1618-19  Jan.  29.  Richard  Hargest  of  St.  Davids.  A  silver  beaker 
bequeathed  to  his  son  Thomas  Hargest.  He  was  the  son  of  Richard 
Hargest  by  his  wife  Mary,  the  daughter  of  Thomas  Crane,  subchanter 
of  St.  Davids  Cathedral  in  1556. 

1620  May  24.    William  Melchior  of  Newport.    21  pewter  dishes,  iis. 

1620  June   14.     Arnold  Butler  of  the  parish  of  Martletwy,   gent. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  117 

14  pewter  dishes,  4s.  ;  saucers,  4s.  ;  candlesticks,  2  saltcellars,  2  pew- 
ter potts  and  pewter  spoons,  13s.  4d. 

1623  April  18.  Owen  David,  rector  of  Poncheston,  clerk.  A  silver 
cup  gilted. 

1624-5  Feb.  Robert  Bowen  of  the  parish  of  St.  Thomas,  Haver- 
fordwest. A  standing  silver  bowl,  £2.  ;  a  silver  beaker,  parcel  gilt, 
26s.  8d.  ;  two  double  gilt  bowls,  £2  los.  ;  one  double  gilt  silver  salt- 
cellar, £2  ;    a  silver  saltcellar,  £1   6s.  8d.  ;    16  silver  spoons,  £i. 

1628  May  20.  William  Risam  of  Tenby,  merchant.  35  oz.  of  white 
silver  plate  ;  a  Spanish  broad  wine  bowl  of  silver,  double  gilt,  weigh- 
ing 25 1  oz.  ;  a  cup  with  a  cover  of  silver,  double  gilt,  weighing  q|  oz.  ; 
a  silver  beaker,  parcell  gilt,  weighing  1 1 J  oz.  ;  2  broad  silver  wine  bowls, 
parcel  gilt,  weighing  22  oz.,  bought  from  Bartholomew  Hobes  of  Bristol. 

1644-5  Js-"-  -6.  David  Lloyd  of  the  parish  of  Morvil.  A  silver 
beaker,  a  double  saltcellar  single  gilt,  and  12  spoons. 

1645-6  Feb.  2.  Grace  Yong  of  Argoed,  in  the  parish  of  Nevern, 
widow.    A  silver  beaker,  a  silver  saltcellar,  and  a  brass  chaldron. 

1650  Sept.  26.  Lucy  Meyrick  of  Pembroke.  A  silver  wine  bowl  ; 
4  silver  bowls,  parcel  gilt;  a  silver  saltcellar,  parcel  gilt;  13  best 
silver  spoons. 

1650  Dec.  II.  George  Williams  of  Trearched,  in  the  parish  of  Llan- 
rhian.    4  pewter  dishes  ;    a  saucer  and  12  pewter  spoons. 

1650  Dec.  25.  Reece  Roch  of  Trevaughan,  in  the  parish  of  Tenby, 
husbandman.  21  pewter  dishes,  2  tankards,  a  saucer,  a  pewter  salt- 
cellar, and  a  chamber  pott,  30s. 

1651  June  30.  Jane  Risam  of  Tenby,  widow.  3  silk  gowns  and 
kirtle,  a  diamond  ring,  a  silver  gilt  porringer,  and  6  '  Postele  silver 
spoons  '  ;    a  gold  ring  '  with  a  Latin  posie  in  it.' 

1651  Dec.  22.  Thomas  Williams  of  Wedlock,  in  the  parish  of  Gum- 
freston,  gent.  6  pewter  dishes,  a  basin,  and  a  flaggon,  4s.  ;  a  silver 
watch,  13s.  4d.  ;  a  silver  spoon,  5s.  ;  a  pearl  gold  ring,  los.  ;  5  silver 
shufQeboard  pieces,  5s.  ;    a  fowling  piece,  los. 

1659  May  8.  Llewelin  Harries  of  Tregwynt,  in  the  parish  of  Gran- 
ston,  gent.     52  lbs.  of  pewter  and  3  old  brass  candlesticks,  30s. 

Only  guesses  can  be  made  as  to  the  population  of 
Pembrokeshire  prior  to  1587,  but  in  the  following  year 
George  Owen,  the  Elizabethan  historian  of  Pembroke- 
shire, compiled  from  the  Muster  Books  a  most  interesting 
census,  showing  the  number  of  householders,  ploughs, 
dairies,  and  carts  or  truckles  in  each  parish  in  the  county, 
and  below  is  given  the  figures  relating  to  the  different 
parishes  in  Dewisland,  but  arranged  alphabetically  for 
the  convenience  of  reference,  and  with  the  addition  of 
the  different  acreages  of  the  parish  (taken  from  Philpotts 
Map  of  Pembrokeshire),  and  also  the  estimated  number 
of  acres  under  plough  in  each  parish. 


ii8  Pembrokeshire  in  By -gone  Days. 


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Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  119 

As,  roughly  speaking,  the  land  in  the  whole  Dewisland 
is  very  much  of  the  same  character  so  far  as  ploughing 
is  concerned,  one  would  expect  that  within  certain  limits 
a  plough  would  turn  over  as  much  ground  in  one  parish 
as  in  another.  Yet  the  above  table  shows  a  considerable 
difference  in  the  proportions  of  the  number  of  ploughs 
to  the  acre  in  the  different  parishes,  and  it  will  be  interest- 
ing to  try  and  ascertain  what  proportion  of  each  parish 
consisted  of  ploughed  land.  Now  in  Dewisland  the  pole, 
according  to  George  Owen,  measured  twelve  feet,  and 
eight  poles  in  breadth  by  twenty  poles  in  length  made  a 
stang,  and  four  stangs  made  a  Dewisland  acre.  On  this 
basis  the  Dewisland  acre  would  comprise  10,240  square 
yards.  On  the  other  hand  the  Statute  acre  is  4840  square 
yards,  so  that  a  Dewisland  acre  was  equal  to  about  2^ 
Statute  acres,  or  to  be  exact,  two  Statute  acres  and  560 
square  yards.  According  to  the  same  authority  a  plough- 
land  (64  Welsh  acres)  was  considered  the  most  suitable 
area  of  land  for  one  plough,  and  George  Owen  estimated 
that  one  plough  would  turn  over  enough  land  to  put 
in  25  Welsh  acres  of  crop,  or  56^  Statute  acres  in  a  year. 
Therefore,  multiplying  56^  acres  by  the  number  of 
ploughs  in  a  parish,  we  get  a  rough  idea  of  the  acreage 
under  plough  in  the  different  parishes,  as  shown  in  the 
last  column  of  the  above  table. 

As  all  the  old  houses  in  Dewisland  have  been  pulled 
down,  remodelled  or  rebuilt,  it  is  impossible  to  form 
an}^  accurate  idea  of  the  size  or  st34e  of  such  buildings 
even  as  late  as  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  century. 
There  is  no  doubt,  however,  that  since  Norman  times 
there  has  been  a  gradual  improvement  in  the  size  and 
conveniences  of  the  dwellings,  and  particularly  in  thos< 
of  the  wealthier  classes,  in  all  parts  of  the  county.  In 
1670  a  tax  was  placed  on  all  hearths  in  Pembrokeshire, 
and  the  list  of  the  taxpayers  is  still  in  existence.  Un- 
fortunately, the  document,  although  it  records  the  names 
of  the  householders  and  the  number  of  the  hearths  for 
which  each  was  assessed,  does  not  give,  except  in  a  very 


120  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

few  instances,  the  names  of  the  houses  containing  the 
hearths.  However,  it  is  possible  to  identify  some  of  the 
more  important  residences  in  the  county,  and  this  enables 
one  to  obtain  a  rough  idea  of  the  sizes  of  the  old  houses. 
The  identification  of  the  houses  in  the  parish  of  St.  Davids 
is  not  so  satisfactory  as  in  some  of  the  other  parishes. 
The  Hearth  Tax  Roll  reveals  that  in  the  city  of  St. 
Davids  the  largest  number  of  fire  places  (6  hearths)  was 
paid  for  in  1670  by  John  Owen,  clerk. 

Now  the  bishop's  palace  was  undoubtedly  the  biggest 
house  in  the  city,  but  tradition  asserts  that  that  edifice 
had  been  unroofed  and  abandoned  during  the  episcopate 
of  Bishop  William  Barlow  (1536-48),  and  in  any  event 
it  is  certain  that  in  1661  the  palace  was  in  ruins,  as  in  a 
suit  brought  in  1 670-1  by  Bishop  William  Lucy  against 
a  certain  Henry  Williams,  it  was  stated  that  the  bishop 
had  demised  to  the  defendant  '  all  that  decayed  pallace 
of  St.  Davids  '  and  its  appurtenances  on  19  July,  1661, 
in  as  large  a  manner  as  James  Mathias,  esq.  had  held  the 
same.  This  suit  was  brought  to  recover  damages  because 
Henry  Williams  had  allowed  '  one  hall,  one  parlour,  and 
two  chambers  '  to  become  uncovered,  that  is  to  say  un- 
roofed. Whether  Henry  Williams  resided  in  a  portion 
of  the  palace  is  uncertain.  The  probability  is  that  he 
lived  in  one  of  the  old  cottages  which  formerly  stood  in 
the  courtyard  of  the  palace,  but  it  is  obvious  that  his 
dwelling  could  not  have  been  the  house  mentioned  in 
the  Hearth  Tax  Roll  as  having  five  hearths.  One  would 
naturally  expect  that  after  the  bishop's  palace,  the  next 
largest  house  in  the  city  would  have  been  that  of  the 
precentor.  But  in  1670  the  precentor  was  William 
Thomas,  while  John  Owen  was  only  the  sub-chanter  of 
the  Cathedral.  The  possible  explanation  is  that  the 
precentor  had  rented  his  house  to  the  sub-chanter.  This 
theory  is  to  some  extent  borne  out  by  the  fact  that  the 
house  of  the  vicars  choral,  of  whom  the  sub-chanter 
was  the  head,  is  stated  in  the  Chapter  Acts  to  have  been 
'  ruined  and  decayed  '  in  1693,  and  to  such  an  extent 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


121 


that  the  Upper  Chapter  admonished  the  vicars  to  set 
by  part  of  the  next  fine  they  received  towards  the  re- 
building of  their  house.  No  other  cleric  seems  to  have 
paid  a  hearth  tax  in  the  city.  George  Williams,  who 
was  assessed  for  only  two  hearths,  is  described  as  clerk, 
but  there  is  no  record  of  any  clergyman  of  that  name  in 
St.  Davids  at  that  date,  and  he  was  possibly  the  George 
Williams  who  was  parish  clerk  in  1720.  It  would  thus 
appear  that  all  members  of  the  Upper  Chapter  were  then 
non-resident. 

The  next  largest  house  after  that  of  John  Owen  was 
occupied  by  Thomas  Hargest,  who  although  not  de- 
scribed in  the  Roll  as  a  clerk,  was  a  vicar  choral,  and  he 
paid  for  four  hearths.  In  some  of  the  other  parishes  in 
the  county  the  identification  of  the  houses  is  more  satis- 
factory, and  for  the  sake  of  comparison  the  following 
entries  have  been  selected  : — 


Parish.  Owners. 

Amroth    . .  .  .  John  Elliott  [Amroth  Castle] 

Boulston  .  .  Lewis  Wogan  [Manor  house] 

Hamlets  .  .  . .  Sir  Herbert  Perrott  [Haroldston] 

Llanstinan  .  .  Morris  Wogan  [Llanstinan  House] 

Nevern     .  .  .  .  William  Warren  [Trewern] 

New  Moat  .  .  Wm.  Scourfield  [The  Mote] 

Prendergast  .  .  Sir  John  Stepney  [Manor  house]   .  . 

St.  Issells  .  .  Nicholas  Lewis  [Hean  Castle] 

St.  Lawrence  . .  William  Ford  [Stone  Hall] 

Slebech    .  .  .  .  Sir  Erasmus  Philipps  [Picton  Castle] 

Wiston     .  .  .  .  Elizabeth  Wogan  [Manor  house]   . . 


No.  of 
Hearths. 

5 

10 
4 
5 


4 
10 
II 


In  the  above  list  the  words  enclosed  in  square  brackets 
are  the  identifications  by  the  writer.  Lewis  Wogan  of 
Boulston  resided  in  the  old  mansion  now  in  ruins  by 
the  river.  The  present  house  at  Boulston  was  erected 
by  Col.  Ackland.  Haroldston  is  the  old  ruined  mansion 
about  half  a  mile  from  Haverfordwest.  Elizabeth  Wogan 
was  the  widow  of  Rowland  Wogan,  and  must  then  have 
been  residing  at  the  old  manor  house  at  W^iston  (see  West 
Wales  Hist.  Records,  Vol.  VI.,  p.  216). 

It  would  be  very  gratifying  if  it  were  possible  to  show 


122 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 


the  gradual  growth  in  the  population  of  Pembrokeshire 
from  early  times,  but  this  is  impossible  owing  to  the 
absence  of  reliable  data.  By  the  aid  of  George  Owen's 
MSS.,  the  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  and  other  sources  it  has, 
however,  been  possible  to  compile  the  following  table 
showing  the  number  of  inhabited  houses  and  the  popula- 
tion of  the  parish  of  St.  Davids  in  the  undermentioned 
years  during  the  period  1587 — 1901  : — 

Parish  of  St.  Davids. 


Year. 

No.  of  Houses. 

1587 

112 

1599 

91 

1670 

249 

1715^ 

276 

1720^ 

333 

iSoi*^ 

414 

1811^ 

437 

1821^ 

483 

1851' 

512 

1891* 

450 

1901* 

426 

Population. 

Average  No. 
of  inmates. 

259 

2.80 

1203 

4-35 

1530 

4-59 

1803 

4-39 

1816 

4.20 

2240 

4.64 

2513 

4.96 

1816 

4.04 

1739 

4.08 

The  figure  for  the  years  1587  and  1599  were  compiled 
by  George  Owen  for  the  former  year  from  the  Sheriffs' 
books,  and  for  the  latter  year  from  the  Muster  Books. 
The  number  of  houses  for  1670  is  taken  from  the  list 
of  householders  in  the  Hearth  Tax  Roll,  and  includes  104 
paupers  who  were  not  liable  for  the  tax. 

In  1593  and  for  a  century  afterwards  it  was  the  custom 
in  Pembrokeshire  and  also  in  Carmarthenshire  to  rent 
live  stock  with  or  without  land  to  tenants.  George  Owen 
in  his  Taylor's  Cussion  gives  a  balance  sheet  of  the  cost 
of  the  stock  and  the  profit  in  the  case  of  cattle  and  sheep 
in  1593  on  the  basis  of  40  kine  and  400  sheep.  In  this 
account  the  cost  of  the  cattle  when  purchased  was  £6^, 
and  the  yearly  return  was  £58  3s.  4d.,  while  the  yearly 


1  Browne  Willis'  Survey  of  St.  Davids  Cathedral. 

2  Compiled  by  Rev.  Henry  Goffe,  sub-chanter  in  1720. 

*  Jones  and  Freeman's  Hist,  of  St.  Davids  Cathedral,  pp.  366,  367. 

*  Census  for  1901. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By -gone  Days.  123 

return  for  400  sheep  (costing  £66  13s.  4d.)  was  £33  i6s.  8d. 
On  the  other  hand  kine  were  rented  without  land  at 
5s.  per  head,  and  sheep  at  6d.  per  head,  but  he  points 
out  that  in  the  case  of  rented  cattle  the  owner  by  the 
custom  of  the  country  has  to  stand  all  loss  in  respect 
of  any  of  the  cattle  which  died  or  were  injured,  while 
in  the  case  of  rented  sheep  the  lessor  was  liable  to  no 
risk  as  '  he  that  taketli  the  same  [i.e.,  the  sheep]  to  rent 
doth  answere  the  whole  stocke  agayne  at  his  perrill.' 
It  will  be  remembered  that  Erasmus  Saunders  and  his 
wife  in  1597  rented  to  John  White  the  messuage  and 
lands  called  Tremoillet  in  the  parish  of  Eglwyskymmin, 
CO.  Carmarthen,  together  with  12  cows,  8  oxen,  and  100 
sheep,  at  the  yearh'  rent  of  £22.  There  are  records  of 
several  lettings  of  live  stock  in  Pembrokeshire,  but  it 
will  suffice  to  give  merel}'  a  few  examples. 

The  first  is  a  letting  by  Alban  Stepneth  of  Prendergast, 
who  rented  to  Moris  Hancocke  '  40  good  sufficient  lambs  ' 
with  their  wool  for  a  term  of  five  years  at  the  yearly 
rent  of  13s.  4d.,  and  the  tenant  was  to  deliver  up  to  the 
lessor  at  the  end  of  the  term  the  like  number  of  lambs  or 
2s.  6d.  for  each  lamb  at  the  option  of  the  lessor. 

The  next  example  it  will  be  seen  is  rather  of  the  nature 
of  a  profit-sharing  transaction.  On  16  Dec,  1601,  Phillip 
Deverose  of  the  parish  of  Lambston,  3'eoman,  demised 
to  Moris  ap  Rees  ap  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  St.  Issells, 
husbandman,  for  three  years  a  messuage  and  land  called 
Bsker  Krig  in  the  parish  of  Llandissilio  (then  held  by 
him  under  a  lease  from  James  Philipps  of  Benbagh,^ 
gent.),  together  with  two  kine  and  four  plough  beasts, 
namely,  two  horses  and  two  oxen,  and  150  sheep,  the 
yearly  rent  being  two  stones  of  sound  dry  marketable 
cheese,  four  gallons  of  butter  per  cow,  making  in  all 
20  stones  of  cheese  and  4  gallons  of  butter,  also  a  one- 
fourth  share  of  the  wool,  a  one-fourth  share  of  the  lambs, 
one-half  of  the  calves  from  the  said  kine,  and  one-half 

1  Pentypark. 


124  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

of  the  corn  grown.  The  tenant  was  to  keep  the  cattle 
with  lawful  herds  both  winter  and  summer  to  prevent  them 
from  being  drowned  or  mired,  and  to  keep  the  sheep  from 
being  stolen  or  killed  by  dogs,  and  to  return  the  said 
stock  to  Deverose  at  the  end  of  the  term. 

The  next  example  is  the  letting  of  a  farm,  with  live 
stock  and  implements  on  lo  Feb.,  1606-7,  when  Philip 
Picton  of  Martletwy,  yeoman,  leased  to  John  Thomas, 
then  late  of  Lawrenny,  husbandman,  a  messuage  and 
lands  in  the  fields  of  Scollock  in  the  parish  of  Ambleston, 
together  with  10  kine,  4  oxen,  60  sheep,  2  horses,  a 
mare,  a  cart  bound  with  iron,  a  plough  with  iron,  and 
two  pairs  of  harrows  with  their  teeth,  for  five  3'ears  at 
the  yearly  rent  of  £13  6s.  8d.  The  description  of  the 
plough  and  harrows  suggests  that  both  these  implements 
largely  consisted  of  wood.  Extremely  interesting  must 
have  been  the  lease  of  Carew  Castle  and  lands  granted 
to  Edward  Webb  by  Sir  John  Carew  of  Croombe  Court, 
CO.  Somerset,  knt.  The  lease  itself  is  missing,  but  from 
a  suit  in  the  Great  Sessions  brought  by  Sir  John  Carew 
against  Margaret  Webb  of  Alleston,  the  widow  and 
executrix  of  Edward  Webbe,  late  of  Carew  Castle,  esq., 
to  recover  £100  damages  for  cutting  down  trees  and  for 
other  breaches  of  covenant,  it  appears  that  Edward  Webb 
on  30  Nov.,  1605,  agreed  to  surrender  the  lease  to  Sir 
John  Carew,  but  with  the  right  to  occupy  the  property 
until  25  Mar.,  1607-8.  In  the  meantime  Webb  was  to 
preserve  the  deer  in  the  park,  but  had  the  privilege  of 
killing  two  bucks  ;  he  was  also  to  leave  400  sheep  and 
40  other  cattle  for  Sir  John  Carew. 

Other  cases  of  lettings  of  live  stock  in  Pembrokeshire 
are  to  be  found  in  the  Papers  of  the  Great  Sessions  up  to 
the  latter  part  of  the  17th  century,  but  we  must  content 
ourselves  with  one  more  example,  which  although  not 
so  stated  in  the  document,  probably  occurred  in  the 
parish  of  Hayscastle.  In  this  case  an  action  was  brought 
by  Francis  Harries,  gent.,  against  William  Howell  in 
1665-6  for  damages  under  a  bond,  which  recited  that 


Pembrokeshire  in  By -gone  Days.  125 

the  defendant  has  rented  from  the  plaintiff  40  ewes  at 
the  yearly  rent  of  20s. 

For  the  period  1542 — 1700  interesting  sidelights  can 
be  obtained  from  the  plea  Rolls  touching  the  com- 
mercial and  social  life  in  Pembrokeshire.  We  learn  for 
instance  from  these  documents  that  on  20  Aug.,  1597, 
David  Canon  bought  from  Thomas  Canon  in  High  St., 
Haverfordwest,  60  barrels  of  white  Portugal  salt  at  12s. 
per  barrel,  making  a  total  of  ^^36,  to  be  delivered  in  one 
month's  time,  but  that  the  latter  had  not  delivered  the 
salt  in  November  following,  with  the  result  that  David 
Canon  sued  him  for  £100  damages.  Then  Henry  Saunders 
and  William  Moore  undertook  to  deliver  before  20  July, 
1604,  to  William  Walter  of  Haverfordwest  at  his  house, 
eight  bushels  of  wheat  of  the  measure  then  used  in  the 
town  and  county  of  Haverfordwest.  William  Walter 
was  an  alderman  of  that  town,  and  was  the  brother  of 
Moris  Walter,  the  ancestor  of  the  Walters  of  Roch  Castle. 
This  reference  to  the  particular  measure  by  which  the 
wheat  was  sold  reminds  us  that  almost  every  town  had 
its  own  individual  weights  and  measures.  For  example, 
the  Haverfordwest,  Pembroke,  and  Tenby  bushels  con- 
tained 16  gallons  or  double  the  Winchester  bushel.  In 
Dewisland  the  bushel  in  use  was  somewhat  larger,  while 
the  Cardigan  bushel  was  double  the  size  of  the  Haverford- 
west bushel.  This  variety  of  measures  was  not  confined 
to  Pembrokeshire.  The  same  state  of  affairs  prevailed 
in  Carmarthenshire  and  Cardiganshire,  and  corn  mer- 
chants must  have  found  their  business  somewhat  intricate 
in  those  days. 

From  the  same  records  we  have  evidence  that  Pem- 
brokeshire merchants  in  1597  were  exporting  frieze  and 
other  merchandize  to  France.  In  this  trade  was  a  Walter 
Philpin  who  was  no  doubt  Walter  Philpin,  alderman  of 
Tenby,  who  died  between  the  years  1610  and  1613,  and 
was  the  owner  of  Caldy  Island,  which  he  had  purchased 
a  little  before  1610  from  John  Bradshaw  of  St.  Dogmael's. 
It  appears  from  the  document  that  a  certain  John  ]\Iorris 


126  Pembrokeshire  in  By -gone  Days. 

had  freighted  a  ship  called  the  Edward  of  Carmarthen, 
from  the  port  of  Carmarthen  to  go  to  France,  and  that 
he  agreed  to  transport  to  Brest  or  Conquett  in  France 
a  consignment  of  merchandize  and  marine  goods  and  '  80 
pieces  of  cotton  and  frizes  '  belonging  to  Walter  Philpin, 
for  the  sum  of  £so.  The  goods  were  loaded  on  the  ship 
at  Tenby  on  12  Dec,  1597,  ^^^  John  Morris  did  not  land 
the  goods  as  agreed,  with  the  intention,  it  was  alleged,  of 
defrauding  Philpin,  who  as  a  result  sued  him  for  £50 
damages. 

As  might  be  expected  a  good  deal  of  the  business  at 
the  Great  Sessions  consisted  of  actions  for  the  recovery 
of  debts  and  penalties  under  bonds.  The  defence  to 
these  actions  were  pretty  much  the  same  as  at  the 
present  day,  but  in  more  than  one  instance  occurs  the 
somewhat  curious  defence  that  the  defendant  could  not 
have  signed  the  bond  because  he  was  in  prison  at  the 
time.  In  1607  a  very  interesting  prosecution  occurred. 
A  grand  jur}^  presented  that  Katharine  Lewis  of  Gum- 
freston,  spinster,  otherwise  Katherine  Bowen  (wife  of 
Thomas  Bowen  of  Tenby,  yeoman) ,  '  by  the  instigation 
of  the  Devil  performed  diabolical  artes  called  witch- 
crafts, inchantments,  charmes,  and  sorceries  at  Gum- 
freston  on  27  June  in  that  year,'  by  reason  of  which 
Richard  Brownynge  of  Gumfreston  suffered  '  great  loss 
in  his  goods  and  chattels.'  Unfortunately  only  the 
presentment  exists,  and  we  know  nothing  of  the  fate  of 
the  unlucky  lady.  This  is  the  only  indictment  for  witch- 
craft in  Pembrokeshire,  which  has  come  under  the 
writer's  notice,  and  it  is  interesting  to  note  that  the  sole 
case  on  record  occurred  in  the  south  of  the  county,  and 
close  to  the  district  in  which  charming  still  prevails. 

Under  the  witchcraft  Act,  passed  in  1603,  offenders 
were  divided  into  two  degrees,  those  of  the  first  degree 
being  sentenced  as  felons  without  benefit  of  clergy,  while 
for  those  of  the  second  degree  the  penalty  was  one  year's 
imprisonment,  and  the  pillory  for  a  first  offence,  but  for 
a  second  offence  they  were  adjudged  to  be  felons  without 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  127 

the  benej&t  of  clergy.  If,  therefore,  Katherine  Bowen 
had  been  convicted  under  the  indictment,  she  would,  in 
the  event  of  its  being  her  first  offence,  have  been  sen- 
tenced as  under  the  second  degree,  as  her  alleged  opera- 
tions had  been  to  injure  cattle  and  goods  and  not  persons. 

Some  50  years  later  accusations  of  witchcraft  were 
evidently  still  made  in  the  county,  but  these  apparently 
did  not  lead  to  criminal  indictments,  from  which  it  may 
be  assumed  that  common  sense  and  humanity  in  regard 
to  such  matters  has  greatly  increased  in  the  county,  as 
we  learn  from  the  Papers  of  the  Great  Sessions  for  1661 
that  Morris  James  of  Haverfordwest,  gent.,  and  Mary 
his  wife  brought  an  action  for  £200  damages  for  de- 
famation of  character  against  Peter  Davids  of  the  same 
town  and  his  wife  Mary,  because  they  had  publicly 
stated,  '  Thou  Mary  (meaning  Mary  James)  hast  be- 
witched my  child  and  my  drinke,  and  my  child  is  yet 
sick  and  thou  did'st  doe  it.' 

Dewisland,  so  far  as  is  revealed  by  the  Plea  Rolls, 
appears  to  have  been  free  from  witchcraft,  but  it  cer- 
tainly was  not  free  from  cases  of  defamation  of  character 
and  slander.  Thus  in  June,  1603,  Nicholas  Binks  (who 
was  a  vicar  choral  in  1611  and  subchantor  of  St.  Davids 
Cathedral  in  1644)  brought  an  action  for  damages  for 
defamation  of  character  against  Rice  Roberts  of  St. 
Davids,  yeoman,  who  had  openly  stated  in  St.  Davids, 
'  There  were  bords  stolen,  and  Nicholas  Binks  ys  making 
search  for  the  same  bords  that  were  so  stolen  out  of  the 
college  of  St.  Davids,  and  the  same  bords  he  himself 
stoole  them  and  they  be  now  in  his  carte,  which  I  will 
prove.'  At  the  same  sessions  Rice  Williams  sued  Thomas 
Philip  David,  junior,  of  Tregynys  (near  St.  Davids),  for 
defaming  him  at  St.  Davids  by  alleging  that  the  plairtiff 
was  '  a  stealer  of  shirts.'  On  the  other  hand  in  July, 
1608,  we  find  that  Edward  Beard  of  St.  Davids,  clerk, 
who  was  afterwards  subchanter  of  the  cathedral  in  1622, 
was  sued  by  David  Lloyd,  gent.,  for  stating  that  '  David 
Lloid  is  a  murtherer,  and  he  had  murthered  John  of 
lylanboydye.' 


128  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

Prior  to  the  statute  of  5  &  6  Edw.  VI.  an^^one  could 
keep  an  alehouse  without  a  licence,  but  by  that  statute 
it  was  enacted  that  no  one  should  keep  any  common 
alehouse  or  tippling  house  without  a  licence  from  two 
justices  of  the  peace.  It  is  easy  to  understand  that  for 
some  time  after  the  passing  of  this  Act — ^the  first  Li- 
censing Act  in  the  country — there  were  numerous  con- 
traventions of  the  Statute,  but  even  some  50  years  later 
there  must  have  been  a  considerable  number  of  un- 
licensed houses  in  which  ale  was  sold,  and  it  is  rather  a 
shock  to  our  modern  ideas  to  find  that  some  of  the  clergy 
were  presented  for  keeping  illicit  shebeens.  There  is  in 
existence  a  record  of  the  presentment  of  a  grand  jury  of 
the  sessions,  which  is  undated,  but  is  evidently  about 
the  year  1605,  which  records  some  nine  alehouses  for 
which  the  owners  had  no  licenses,  among  the  tavern 
keepers  being  David  Lloyd  of  the  parish  of  Jordanston, 
and    Edward    Gwyn,    clerk,    vicar    of    Llandissilio.      In 

Sept.,   1615,  Thomas  of  St.  Dogmells,  clerk,  was 

presented  at  the  sessions  for  keeping  at  St.  Dogmells 
without  a  licence  a  common  tippling  house,  and  for 
selling  ale  and  beer,  and  Hugh  Johnes  of  Llanychaer, 
smith,  was  likewise  presented  for  the  same  offence.  The 
surname  of  the  former  is  blank  in  the  document,  but  he 
was  no  doubt  Thomas  Price,  who  was  vicar  of  St.  Dog- 
mells in  1614. 

Actions  for  ejectment  from  land  were  very  numerous 
at  the  Great  Sessions,  and  there  were  frequent  replevin 
and  other  suits  brought  in  regard  to  distraints  and  re- 
moval of  live  stock.  From  an  early  date  considerable 
hardships  were  caused  by  the  bailiffs,  who,  probably 
with  a  view  of  increasing  the  costs  or  for  other  reasons, 
used  to  take  the  stock  distrained  to  places  several  miles 
away  instead  of  putting  it  into  a  pound  near  by.  This 
practice  must  have  become  very  prevalent,  as  an  Act 
was  passed  on  12  Sept.,  1554,  prohibiting  stock  dis- 
trained in  any  hundred,  wapentake,  or  lath  being  taken 
except  to  an  open  pound  in  the  same  county  not  more 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  129 

than  three  miles  from  the  place  of  seizure.  Yet  this  Act 
did  not  altogether  put  a  stop  to  the  practice,  as  William 
David,  in  a  suit  against  Owen  Wogan  Jenkin  and  Thomas 
John,  stated  that  the  defendants  on  5  Sept.,  1665,  had 
distrained  two  black  horses  worth  £5  at  Fishguard,  and 
had  taken  them  to  the  pound  of  the  hundred  of  Dewis- 
land,  more  than  three  miles  away. 

As  the  Plea  Rolls  and  Papers  of  the  Great  Sessions 
chiefly  cover  the  civil  business  at  the  Sessions,  we  have 
to  fall  back  on  the  gaol  files  in  order  to  obtain  light  on 
the  criminal  activity  in  the  county.  The  houses  of  the 
wealthy  in  1603  seem  to  have  attracted  the  attention  of 
burglars  as  much  as  in  the  twentieth  century.  We  find 
for  instance  that  David  ap  leuan  of  Morvill,  labourer, 
was  indicted  for  burglarizing  the  mansion  of  Thomas 
lyloyd  of  Kilkiffeth,  in  the  parish  of  Llanychaer,  esq.,  on 
22  Dec.  in  that  year,  and  stealing  a  great  silver  salt, 
double  gilt,  worth  £y  ;  two  silver  bowls,  parcel  gilt, 
worth  £8  ;  a  silver  goblet,  parcel  gilt,  worth  40s.  ;  and 
6  silver  spoons  worth  £3.  Even  the  houses  of  persons  of 
smaller  incomes  did  not  escape,  as  in  Aug.,  1645,  a  thief, 
whose  name  is  not  mentioned,  plundered  the  house  of 
David  William  James,  in  the  parish  of  lylanhowell,  and 
stole  bedding  and  clothing  out  of  it. 

Let  us  now  see  what  provision  was  made  for  education 
in  the  county.  In  the  first  place  there  was  the  grammar 
school  of  St.  Davids  Cathedral,  the  date  of  the  founda- 
tion of  which  is  unknown,  but  it  was  certainly  in  exist- 
ence in  1650.  This  school  would  appear  to  have  been 
the  earliest  educational  establishment  in  the  county,  but 
on  22  Nov.,  1613,  Thomas  Lloyd  of  Kilkifteth  (whose 
house  was  burglarized  in  1603  as  mentioned  above), 
who  was  sheriff  for  the  county  in  that  year,  and  had 
previously  served  that  office  in  1596,  conveyed  to  the 
mayor  of  Haverfordwest  and  certain  feoffees  a  number 
of  messuages  and  lands  in  and  about  the  town  of  Haver- 
fordwest on  trust,  '  to  cause  a  sufiicient  grammar  school 
to  be  kept  in  some  convenient  place  within  the  town  of 
I 


130  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

Haverfordwest,  where  scholars  may  be  taught  such 
leammg  and  knowledge  as  are  fitting  to  be  taught  in  a 
grammar  school,  which  school  was  to  be  called  the  Free 
Grammar  School  of  Haverfordwest,  first  founded  by 
Thomas  Lloyd  of  Kilkythyed,  Pembrokeshire,  esq.' 
The  deed  provided  that  the  rents  of  the  properties  were 
to  be  employed  in  keeping  some  meet,  able,  discreet,  and 
learned  man  in  the  Latin  tongue.  This  endowment  was 
later  on  augmented  by  John  Millward,  who  by  his  will 
dated  lo  June,  1654,  devised  to  trustees  a  one-third 
share  of  eight  houses  and  21  parcels  of  land  called  Hens 
Farm  (52a.  29p.),  situate  at  Bordesley,  near  Birmingham, 
on  trust  (as  to  one-third  thereof)  for  the  Haverfordwest 
Grammar  School  founded  by  Thomas  Lloyd,  and  on 
trust  (as  to  another  one-third  thereof)  for  the  Birming- 
ham School,  and  on  trust  (as  to  the  remaining  one-third) 
for  the  support  of  a  scholar  at  Brazenose  College,  Oxford, 
from  the  Haverfordwest  or  Birmingham  schools. 

But  besides  the  above-mentioned  grammar  schools,  it 
is  clear  that  there  was  a  certain  amount  of  private 
tuition  going  on  in  the  country  districts,  not  only  in 
regard  to  industrial  arts,  but  also  in  letters.  The  Plea 
Rolls  show  that  Henry  Philpe  at  Muncton  on  8  July, 
1620,  agreed  with  Alice,  the  wife  of  Mardocus  Roberts, 
to  teach  Jenett  (daughter  of  Henry  Philps)  to  work  with 
her  needle  at  Robert's  house.  Jenett  remained  there  20 
weeks,  but  her  father  refused  to  pay  for  her  board,  so 
Roberts  and  his  wife  sued  him  for  £4..  In  1638  John 
Lloyd  of  Trevach,  in  the  parish  of  Llanvair  Nantgwyn, 
placed  his  daughter  Elizabeth  with  Richard  Johnes  and 
his  wife  Dorothy  to  be  taught  by  them,  but  John  Lloyd 
declined  to  pay  the  tuition  fees,  and  was  sued  for  the 
amount  in  1642.  Further  evidence  of  local  private 
education  is  afforded  by  the  Papers  of  the  Great  Sessions 
for  1653,  which  hand  down  to  us  the  fact  that  Mary 
(afterwards  wife  of  Griffith  Tankard  of  Camrose),  on 
25  Nov.,  1649,  before  her  marriage  to  her  husband, 
agreed  at  Roch  with  John  Price,  clerk,  to  board,  lodge. 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  131 

and  educate  at  his  house  at  Fishguard  one  Richard  Birt 
for  the  sum  of  £6  per  annum.  The  document  goes  on  to 
say  that  Richard  Birt  was  boarded  and  educated  for  2^ 
years,  but  the  £15  due  for  the  same  not  having  been 
paid,  she  and  her  husband,  Griffith  Tankard,  were  sued 
for  the  amount.  Mary  Tankard  was  the  daughter  of 
Thomas  Hay  ward  of  Fletherhill,  in  the  parish  of  Rud- 
baxton,  and  Richard  Birt  was  no  doubt  the  son  of  her 
aunt  Frances  Hayward  by  her  husband  Robert  Birt  of 
Llwyndyris,  while  John  Price  was  the  vicar  of  Fishguard. 

It  is  very  regrettable  that  so  many  of  the  early  records 
of  the  episcopate  of  St.  Davids  have  been  lost.  Other- 
wise it  would  have  been  possible  to  obtain  a  very  com- 
plete list  of  all  schools  in  the  diocese,  as  under  the  Act 
of  23  Eliz.  (1580-1)  all  schoolmasters  had  to  be  licensed 
by  the  bishop.  So  far  the  only  records  of  schoolmasters' 
licences  which  have  come  under  the  writer's  observation 
are  in  a  Register  of  Bishop  William  Lucy,  containing 
sequestrations  and  dispensations  for  the  period  1683 — 
1708.  This  book  shows  that  in  Aug.,  1670,  William 
Robistin  was  licensed  to  carry  on  his  office  of  school- 
master in  the  parish  of  Tenby.  In  1673  John  Evans  and 
Thomas  Hitchings  were  licensed  to  keep  schools  at 
Narberth  and  Stackpoole  Elider  respectively.  In  1676 
David  Rice,  clerk,  was  granted  permission  to  keep  a 
school  at  Spittle,  and  in  the  following  year  Robert  Angel, 
clerk,  was  given  a  like  permit  to  teach  at  St.  Florence. 
Robert  Angel  was  the  son  of  Luke  Angel,  who,  described 
as  Lewis  Angell,  was  bishop's  vicar  of  St.  Davids  Cathe- 
dral in  161 1. 

Some  of  the  marriage  settlements  in  the  last  part  of 
the  1 6th  and  in  the  early  part  of  the  following  century 
are  very  interesting.  Among  the  wealthier  members  of 
the  community  it  was  generally  the  custom  for  the 
parents  of  the  contracting  parties  to  enter  into  a  pre- 
nuptial  agreement,  whereby  they  covenanted  that  the 
intended  bridegroom  and  bride  would  marry  each  other 
before  a  certain  date,  and  also  that  the  parents  would 


132  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

after  the  marriage  conve}^  certain  property  to  trustees 
on  trusts  specified  therein.  After  the  celebration  of  the 
marriage  the  actual  settlement  was  executed.  This  was 
the  usual  practice  in  North  as  well  as  in  South  Wales. 
In  the  case  of  less  affluent  persons  the  agreement  was 
often  omitted,  and  they  contented  themselves  with  a 
single  settlement,  which  was  executed  either  before  or 
after  the  marriage,  and  sometimes  not  for  many  years 
after  the  event.  When  the  parents  were  wealthy  the 
bridegroom's  father  usually  settled  either  a  part  of  the 
estate  (or  the  whole  of  it  subject  to  a  life  interest  therein 
for  the  father)  on  his  son  for  life,  with  remainder  (subject 
to  an  annuity  for  the  bride  for  her  life)  on  the  issue  of 
the  intended  marriage.  In  the  case  of  persons  of  more 
modest  incomes  the  same  principle  was  followed,  but  the 
bride  was  given,  after  the  death  of  her  husband,  a  life 
interest  in  the  property  or  in  some  part  thereof,  and  the 
marriage  portion  of  the  bride,  usually  in  money,  was 
paid  either  to  the  father  of  the  bridegroom  or  to  the 
bridegroom  himself. 

But  in  many  of  these  settlements  a  proviso  was  in- 
serted that  in  the  event  of  the  bride  dying  without  issue, 
and  within  a  short  specified  period  after  her  marriage, 
her  portion  or  a  proportion  of  it  was  to  be  repaid  to  the 
parent  or  next  of  kin  of  the  bride.  As  a  rule  marriage 
settlements  in  Pembrokeshire  followed  the  first-men- 
tioned type,  but  there  were  some  of  the  second  type. 
Thus  by  a  prenuptial  settlement  dated  20  April,  1625, 
John  William  Hugh  of  [Trearched  in  the]  parish  of 
lylanrhian,  husbandman,  and  Jenett  his  wife,  in  con- 
sideration of  the  intended  marriage  of  his  grandson 
George  William  to  Barbara  David  (daughter  of  David 
Harrie  James  of  Porthyddy  Vawr,  in  the  same  parish, 
yeoman),  conveyed  to  trustees  the  farms  of  Trearched 
aforesaid  and  Trewalter,  in  the  parish  of  Mathry,  on 
trust  (as  to  Trearched)  for  the  said  John  William  Hugh 
for  his  life,  with  remainder  (subject  to  a  life  estate  in 
one-third  part  thereof  to  the  said  Jenett)  to  George  Wil- 


Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days.  i33 

Ham  for  his  life,  with  remainder  to  the  said  Barbara 
David  for  her  life,  with  remainder  to  the  issue  of  the 
said  intended  marriage  ;  and  on  trust  (as  to  Trewalter) 
for  George  William  and  Barbara  David,  and  the  sur- 
vivor of  them  for  their  lives  (but  subject  to  an  annuity 
of  208.  yearly  to  the  said  Jenett  for  her  life  in  the  event 
of  her  surviving  John  William  Hugh),  with  remainder  to 
the  issue  of  the  intended  marriage.  John  William  Hugh 
covenanted  to  maintain  George  William  and  Barbara 
David,  and  any  children  they  might  have  during  the 
lifetime  of  John  William  Hugh,  and  also  to  bequeath  to 
them  all  his  household  goods  and  implements.  The 
father  of  the  bride  covenanted  to  give  £20  as  a  marriage 
portion  for  his  daughter,  of  which  sum  £8  was  to  be  paid 
to  John  William  Hugh,  ^^3  to  the  bridegroom,  and  £g 
towards  discharging  a  mortgage  on  part  of  the  settled 
property.  It  was  also  provided  that  in  the  event  of  the 
bride  dying  without  issue  within  twelve  months  of  the 
marriage,  the  sum  of  £20  was  to  be  repaid  to  her  father. 
The  foregoing  was  the  settlement  of  a  yeoman  farmer  in 
Pembrokeshire,  and  is  a  fair  example  of  settlements 
made  by  persons  in  his  rank  of  life,  but  in  Cardiganshire 
and  other  parts  of  Wales  and  the  Llarches  there  are 
cases  when  the  settled  property  consisted  of  only  a 
single  farmhouse,  of  the  parents  reserving  the  right  to 
occupy  certain  rooms  in  the  house,  portions  of  the  out- 
buildings, and  a  part  of  the  garden  for  their  lives  ;  in 
other  cases  the  bridegroom  undertook  to  board  and 
lodge  his  parents,  or  else  to  pay  them  a  small  annuity 
for  their  lives. 

Pembrokeshire  people,  especially  Pembrokeshire  juries, 
have  for  years  been  noted  for  their  clemency  but 
apparently  in  by-gone  days  this  compassion  did  not  in 
all  cases  extend  to  shipwrecked  mariners,  so  far  at  all 
events  as  their  goods  were  concerned.  Among  the 
Papers  of  the  Great  Sessions  for  1691-2,  is  a  petition 
from  George  Lately,  of  Pool,  co.  Dorset,  to  the  justices 
of  the  Great  Sessions,  stating  that  being  the  owner  and 


134  Pembrokeshire  in  By-gone  Days. 

master  of  the  ship  Resolution,  laden  with  coal  and  other 
commodities  from  Milford,  he  sailed  for  Pool  on  2  Mar. 
[1690] ,  but  was  blown  ashore  at  Newgale,  Pembrokeshire, 
where  he  was  '  almost  totally  robbed  and  deprived  of 
what  the  merciless  waves  had  reduced  him  unto,  by  the 
more  unmerciful  people  of  that  neighbouhood.'  He 
therefore  prayed  to  be  allowed  to  sue  in  forma  pauperis 
David  Morse,  James  George,  Howell  Phillips,  Richard 
Phillips,  and  others,  '  who  did  soe  barbarously  robe  and 
carry  away  his  goods.  His  petition  was  granted,  but 
whether  he  obtained  any  compensation  is  not  revealed 
by  the  document. 

The  parish  Register  of  Nolton  contains  a  most  in- 
teresting account  of  a  wrecking  catastrophe  at  Druidston, 
in  the  parish  of  Nolton,  on  4  Jan.,  1791,  in  which  eight 
wreckers  were  killed  and  several  injured  through  an 
explosion  of  gunpowder  in  the  cargo. 

In  the  same  Register  is  recorded  particulars  of  a  later 
wreck,  written  by  Francis  Warlow,  a  schoolmaster  at 
Nolton,  who  states  that  another  ship  called  the  Linen 
Hall  from  Dublin,  bound  to  the  West  Indies  in  ballast, 
was  stranded  on  the  night  of  the  25th  Dec,  1810,  in 
Druidston,  that  is,  she  was  driven  against  the  point  the 
north  side  of  a  little  creek  under  Druidston  Cliff ;  totally 
wrecked,  no  lives  lost,  little  plundered  ;  she  was  torn  up 
and  the  timber  and  rigging  sold  to  the  country  people. 

From  this  it  would  appear  that  a  considerable  im- 
provement in  the  customs  and  morals  of  the  local 
wreckers  has  taken  place  in  the  interval  since  1791. 


Scurlock  of  Carmarthen. 


By    FRANCIS   GREEN. 


A  history  of  the  Scurlock  family  is  interesting  not  only 
on  account  of  its  connection  with  Sir  Richard  Steele, 
the  celebrated  essayist  and  dramatic  writer,  but  also  on 
account  of  the  family  having  held  a  prominent  place 
in  the  town  of  Carmarthen.  According  to  an  inscription 
on  the  tomb  of  John  Scurlock  in  St.  Peter's  Church,  who 
died  in  1682,^  the  ancestors  of  the  Carmarthen  Scurlocks 
came  from  Ireland.  However  this  may  have  been,  it  is 
certain  that  there  were  persons  of  that  name  in  its  earlier 
form  in  West  Wales  at  the  end  of  the  13th  century. 
In  1299  a  John  Scurlagh  was  a  witness  to  a  charter  from 
Joan  de  Valence  (the  mother  of  Aymer  de  Valence), 
countess  of  Pembroke,  to  John  called  Oysel,  the  prior 
of  Pembroke,  granting  that  the  prior  and  monks  of 
Pembroke  should  not  be  bound  to  answer  in  the  court 
of  the  gate  of  Pembroke  Castle  for  any  plea,  but  should 
answer  before  her  steward  in  the  county  court  of  Pem- 
broke. This  charter  was  signed  at  Goodrich  Castle,  co. 
Hereford,  but  it  is  very  probable  that  John  Scurlagh 
came  from  Pembroke,  and  it  is  the  more  probable  as  a 
Herbert  Scorlagg  was  a  witness  to  a  charter  of  William 
de  Cantington,  granting  about  the  year  1290  to  the  abbey 
of  St.  Dogmael's,  co.  Pembroke,  all  his  interest  in  the 
land  of  Fissegard.^ 

In  the  3'ear  1300  we  find  that  a  Henry  Scurlag  was 
constable  of  Dynevor  Castle,  and  that  he  received  yearly 


1  The    new  style  of  the  year  has  been    adopted    throughout  this 
article. 

2  Fishguard. 


136  Scurlock  of  Carmarthen. 

£40  for  himself  and  24  men  in  the  garrison  of  the  castle.^ 
Moreover,  a  Henry  Sculag,  probably  the  same  person, 
was  tenant  of  the  town  mill  of  Dynevor  at  the  rent  of 
8s.  per  annum,  and  likewise  held  eight  acres  of  demesne 
land  near  the  castle  at  the  yearly  rent  of  13s.  4d.  In 
1302  he  held  the  same  mill  and  land,  and  in  addition 
the  Tolsester^  {i.e.,  the  duty  paid  by  tenants  of  some 
manors  to  the  lord  for  liberty  to  brew  and  sell  ale)  of 
Llandeilovawr,  the  said  tolchester  being  of  the  yearly 
value  of  IDS. 

In  1325  when  the  division  of  the  property  of  Aymer 
de  Valence  was  made,  among  the  tenants  mentioned 
was  John  Scorlagh  who  held  half  a  knight's  fee  in  Kil- 
kemoran,  and  one-tenth  part  of  a  knight's  fee  in  Coytrath, 
both  those  places  being  in  the  south  part  of  Pembroke- 
shire.^ It  is  thus  clear  that  he  held  a  substantial  interest 
in  that  county. 

It  is  quite  possible  that  a  member  of  the  Scurlock 
family  may  have  crossed  to  Ireland,  as  many  of  the 
Normans  and  Pembrokeshire  Welshmen  in  those  days 
crossed  the  channel  to  Ireland,  and  that  a  descendant 
may  have  returned  to  Wales  and  settled  in  Cardigan. 
At  all  events  the  first  direct  ancestor  of  the  Carmarthen 
Scurlocks,  of  whom  record  has  been  found,  is  John 
Scurlock,  senior,  who  was  a  tanner,  residing  in  Cardigan. 
His  wife  was  Jane  Gibbon,  and  he  evidently  died  in  good 
circumstances,  as  he  owned  realty  in  the  parishes  of 
Cardigan  and  .  .  .  .  ,  which  he  had  purchased  from 
John  Phillips  of  Blaentaf  in  the  parish  of  Llanfirnach. 
This  property  he  devised  by  his  will  dated  8  July,  1625, 
and  proved  at  Carmarthen  in  October  following,  to  his 
son  David  Scurlock,  subject  to  a  life  interest  therein 
to  his  wife  Jane  Gibbon,  to  whom  and  to  his  son  David 
he  bequeathed  his  plate.     The  value  of  his  effects  was 


1   West  Wales  Hist.  Records,  Vol.  I.,  pp.  177,  178,  181. 
8  Close  Rolls,  18  Edw.  II. 


Scurlock  of  Cay  may  then.  137 

;f86   los.   8d.     The   children   of   John  Scurlock,   senior, 
presumably  by  his  wife  Jane  Gibbon,  were  : — 

1.  David  Scurlock,  a  cordwainer. 

2.  Leonard  Scurlock. 

3.  John  Scurlock,  junior,  a  tanner. 

4.  Walter  Scurlock,  who  predeceased  his  father  and 

left  a  son  called  Richard. 

5.  Joan  Scurlock,   who  according  to  Alcwyn  Evans' 

MS.,  married  George  Gwyn  of  Carmarthen. 

6.  Elizabeth  Scurlock,  who  married  Richard  Harries. 

7.  Anne  Scurlock,  who  married  Griffith  Thomas, 

David  Scurlock,  the  son  of  John  Scurlock,  senior, 
carried  on  the  business  of  a  cordwainer  and  mercer, 
and  was  mayor  of  Cardigan.  He  lived  in  the  troublous 
times  of  the  war  between  King  Charles  I.  and  the  Parlia- 
ment, and  received  barbarous  treatment  by  the  Royalists. 
According  to  a  certificate  given  by  Major-Gen.  Rowland 
Laugharne  on  i  Mar.,  1648,  '  David  Scurlock,  mercer 
of  Cardigan  and  mayor,  was  well  affected,  had  a  large 
estate  and  furthered  the  Parliament  cause  ;  in  1644, 
rather  than  comply  with  the  enemy,  he  left  the  town 
and  his  whole  estate  to  their  mercy,  came  into  my  quar- 
ters in  Pembrokeshire,  took  the  National  Covenant 
amongst  the  first,  was  with  me  at  the  reducing  of  Cardigan, 
and  when  General  Gerrard  came  down  with  a  pursuant 
army,  he  was  escaping,  but  was  taken  by  Thomas  Price 
and  John  Pugh,  Commissioners  of  Array,  and  sent  to 
Aberystwyth  prison,  where  he  was  most  barbarously 
used,  burnt  in  the  toes,  stripped  of  all  he  had,  and  kept 
in  close  prison  till  I  procured  his  exchange  ;  he  was 
also  plundered  of  his  estate  to  great  value,  and  his  wife 
and  children  imprisoned,  only  for  affection  to  the  Parlia- 
ment and  zeal  to  religion.'^ 

An  information  lodged  on  i  Mar.,  1647,  which  states 
that  the  estates  of  Thomas  Price  and  John  Pugh  had 

1  Papers  of  the  Committee  for  the  Advance  of  Money,  1647. 


138  Scurlock  of  Carmarthen. 

not  then  been  sequestrated,  gives  further  details  as  to 
the  treatment  meeted  out  by  them  to  David  Scurlock  in 
Aberystw\i;h  Castle.  It  asserts  that  '  he  was  barbarously 
used,  manacled,  stripped,  burnt  with  matches  between 
his  fingers  and  toes,  robbed  and  plundered  of  his  whole 
estate.' 

Nothing  further  is  known  of  David  Scurlock.  Alcwyn 
Evans  asserts  in  his  MS.  that  he  married  the  sister  of 
Harries  of  Blaencorse,  but  unfortunately  he  gives  no 
authority  for  the  information.  The  next  member  of  the 
family  we  hear  of  is  John  Scurlock,  who  had  settled  at 
Carmarthen  and  was  mayor  of  that  town  in  1665,  and 
also  an  alderman.  The  writer  has  so  far  discovered  no 
evidence  as  to  the  identity  of  his  parents,  but  it  can 
hardly  be  doubted  that  he  was  the  son  either  of  David 
Scurlock  or  of  one  of  the  brothers  of  David  Scurlock. 
Alcwyn  Evans  asserts  that  he  was  the  son  of  David 
Scurlock,  and  that  he  had  two  sisters,  Margaret  who 
married  Rees  Gwyn,  and  Jane  who  married  Bartholomew 
Young  of  Tregammon  in  the  parish  of  Nevern,  co.  Pem- 
broke, the  latter  marriage  being  corroborated  by  the 
Peniarth  MS.  No.  156.  The  same  genealogist  also  states 
that  John  Scurlock  married  Mary  the  daughter  of  George 
Oakley  [of  Carmarthen],  and  this  is  probably  correct, 
for  as  we  shall  see  later  on  there  is  evidence  that  his 
wife's  name  was  Mary. 

John  Scurlock  was  evidently  a  man  of  importance,  as 
in  all  documents  he  is  described  as  an  esquire.  He  owned 
the  capital  messuage  and  lands  called  Pibwr  lylwyd 
in  the  parish  of  Llangunnor,  co.  Carmarthen,  a  property 
which  has  recently  caused  so  much  controversy  on  ac- 
count of  the  high  purchase  price  paid  for  it  by  the  Car- 
marthenshire County  Council.  He  also  owned  the 
messuage  and  lands  called  Nantybwla  in  the  borough 
of  Carmarthen,  and  other  realty,  all  of  which  he  mortgaged 
on  17  Aug.,  1674,  for  /^5oo  by  way  of  a  demise  for  1000 
years  at  a  pepper  corn  rent  to  James  Whitechurch  of 
the  city  of  London.     John  Scurlock  was  buried  at  St. 


Scurlock  of  Carmarthen.  i39 

Peter's  Church,  Carmarthen,  on  21  April,  1678,  and 
administration  of  his  goods  was  granted  at  Carmarthen 
on  12  May,  1679,  to  his  eldest  son  Jonathan  vScurlock, 
Mary,  the  widow  of  the  deceased,  having  renounced 
administration.  She  died  in  i6gg,  and  by  her  will  dated 
II  Feb.,  1697,  bequeathed  as  follows  : — 

To  my  daughter  Jane  Phillipps,  ^^30  ;  to  the  vicar 
of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen  and  his  successors,  20s.  yearly 
for  two  sermons  to  be  preached  yearly  on  the  feast  of 
St.  Michael  the  Archangel,  and  the  feast  of  St.  Philip 
and  St.  James  the  Apostle,  also  i6s.  yearly  for  bread 
for  the  poor  on  such  feasts,  both  these  legacies  to  be 
charged  on  the  house  wherein  I  live  ;  to  my  second  son 
John  Scurlock,  20s.  to  buy  a  ring  ;  to  my  daughter 
Elizabeth  Beynon,  my  grandchild  Mary  Scurlock,  my 
son  in  law  Griffith  Williams,  my  brother  in  law  John 
Phillipps  of  Carmarthen,  alderman,  my  son  in  law  James 
Phillipps,  and  my  son  in  law  Martyn  Beynon,  20s.  each 
for  rings  ;  to  m}^  said  brother  in  law  John  Phillipps,  my 
said  son  John  Scurlock,  and  my  son  in  law  James  Phillipps, 
all  my  houses  and  lands  in  Carmarthen  in  as  ample  a 
way  as  I  purchased,  mortgaged,  or  leased  the  same  of 
my  daughter  in  law  Elizabeth  Scurlock,  widow,  and 
William  Davids  of  Drenglo3me,^  co.  Carmarthen,  gent., 
and  also  all  my  other  realty  and  personalty  on  trust  for 
the  appointees  of  my  daughter  Mary,  the  wife  of  the  said 
Griffith  Williams,  gent.  ;  the  said  John  Phillipps,  John 
Scurlock,  and  James  Phillipps  to  be  executors. 

By  a  codicil  dated  23  Jan.,  1699,  she  devised  a  farm 
called  Flandershill,  otherwise  Landershill  or  Pentrecill  in 
the  lower  franchise  of  Carmarthen,  to  her  said  daughter 
Mary  Williams,  the  wife  of  Griffith  Williams,  esq.,  then 
ma^'or  of  Carmarthen,  which  said  farm  she  mentions 
that  she  had  bought  from  Walter  Davids  of  the  parish 
of  I/lanelly,  gent.,  and  Jane  his  wife.     Administration 

*  Dryslwyn. 


140  Scurlock  of  Carmarthen. 

of  the  will  was  granted  at  Carmarthen  on  2  Aug.,  1699, 
to  ^lar^'  Williams,  otherwise  Llo^^d,  the  wife  of  William 
Llo3'd,  gent,  and  daughter  of  the  testatrix. 

The  issue  of  John  Scurlock  by  his  wife  Mary  was  as 
as  follows  : — 

1.  Jonathan  Scurlock  (eldest  son). 

2.  John  Scurlock  of  Blaencorse. 

3.  Mary  Scurlock,  who  married  as  her  first  husband 

Griffith  Williams  of  Bwlchygwynt  in  the  county 
of  Carmarthen,  and  secondly  William  Llo^^d  of 
AUtycadno  in  the  parish  of  lylangendeirne,  co. 
Carmarthen. 

4.  Elizabeth  Scurlock,  who  married  on  17  June,  i673> 

at  St.  Peter's  Church,  Carmarthen,  Martin  Beynon 
of  Carmarthen,  alderman. 

5.  Margaret  Scurlock,  who  married  on  9  Nov.,  1675,  at 

St.  Peter's  Church,  Carmarthen,  John  Morris. 

6.  Jane    Scurlock,    who    married    James    Philipps    of 

Pentj^park,  co.  Pembroke. 

Jonathan  Scurlock  (son  of  John  Scurlock  and  his  wife 
Mary)  married  on  3  Aug.,  1677,  ^^  St.  Peter's  Carmarthen, 

Elizabeth .       The  surname  of  his  wife  is  left 

blank  in  the  Register,  and  is  also  not  mentioned  in  her 
postnuptial  settlement,  dated  18  Mar.,  1679,  whereby 
the  farms  called  Pibwr  Lwyd  and  Nantybwla  were 
settled  on  Jonathan  Scurlock  for  his  life,  with  remainder 
in  tail  to  his  issue  by  his  said  wife.  Alcwyn  Evans'  MS. 
states  that  Jonathan  Scurlock's  wife  Elizabeth,  was  the 

daughter  of Still  of  Worcester,  and  she  was 

probably  from  that  county,  as  two  of  the  trustees  of  the 
settlement  were  Timothy  Twitty,  gent.,  and  Roger  Clerk, 
baker,  both  of  Worcester.  Jonathan  Scurlock  entered 
Trinity  College,  Cambs.,  and  afterwards  was  admitted 
at  Grays  Inn  on  29  April,  1675.  He  died  on  19  June, 
1682,  at  the  early  age  of  27  years,  and  was  buried  at  St. 
Peter's  Church,  Carmarthen,  on  19  June,  1682.     B3'  his 


Scurlock  of  Carmarthen.  141 

will  dated  15  June,  1682,  and  proved  at  Carmarthen  on 
8  Nov.,  1682,  he  bequeathed  to  his  brother  John  Scurlock 
a  cellar  in  the  quay  at  Carmarthen. 

The  only  issue  from  the  marriage  of  Jonathan  Scurlock 
and  his  wife  Elizabeth,  was  a  daughter  named  Mary 
Scurlock,  who  was  baptized  on  5  Nov.,  1678,  and  married 
Sir  Richard  Steele,  knt.  They  resided  for  a  time  in  a 
house  close  to  the  River  Towy,  near  the  present  farm- 
house called  Tygwyn  in  the  parish  of  lylangunnor,  but 
after  the  death  of  his  wife,  who  was  buried  on  26  Dec, 
1718,  in  Westminster  Abbey,  he  lived  at  his  house  in 
King  St.,  Carmarthen,  which  formerly  occupied  the  site 
of  the  present  Assembly  Rooms,  where  he  died  on  i  Sept., 
1729,  and  was  buried  at  St.  Peter's  Church,  Carmarthen, 
on  4  Sept.  in  that  year.^  The  issue  of  the  marriage  of 
Sir  Richard  Steele  and  his  wife  Mary  Scurlock,  was  : — 

1.  Richard.^ 

2.  Engene.^ 

3.  Elizabeth  Steele. 

4.  Mary  Steele,  who  died  a  spinster. 

Elizabeth  Steele  (daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Steele  by 
his  wife  Mary  Scurlocke),  on  3  Aug.,  1731,  disentailed 
the  property  of  her  grandfather  Jonathan  Scurlocke,  and 
on  31  Mar.,  1732,  in  view  of  her  intended  marriage  to 
the  Hon.  John  Trevor  (second  son  of  Thomas  lyord 
Trevor),  and  of  a  sum  of  £7000  South  Sea  Stock,  and  £1000 
to  be  applied  in  discharge  of  her  debts,  both  of  the  said 
sums  being  provided  by  the  Hon.  John  Trevor,  conveyed 
the  said  properties  to  trustees  on  trust  for  her  intended 
husband  and  herself  for  their  lives,  with  remainders  over, 
and  with  ultimate  remainder  to  herself  in  fee  simple. 
The  marriage  was  duly  solemnized,  and  the  Hon.  John 
Trevor  afterwards  became  Lord  Trevor,  and  died  in 
1764  without  issue,  leaving  his  widow  and  an  only  daugh- 


1  Spurrell's  History  of  Carmarthen,  p.  39. 

2  Died  young. — Carmarthenshire  Notes. 


142  Scurlock  of  Carmarthen. 

ter,  the  Hon.  Diana  Maria  Trevor,  who  was  born  on  10 
June,  1744,  him  surviving.  The  Hon.  Diana  Maria 
Trevor  became  mentally  afflicted,  and  died  at  Foxcote 
near  Bath  in  Jan.,  1778. 

On  2  Dec,  1767,  Lady  Elizabeth  Trevor  {nee  Steele), 
then  residing  in  Bath,  mortgaged  her  grandfather's 
property  mentioned  above,  together  with  other  lands  for 
£7958  to  John  Lloyd  of  Plymouth  Dock,  esq.,  who  was 
one  of  the  Lloyd's  of  Danyrallt,  co.  Carmarthen.  She 
apparently  continued  to  live  beyond  her  income,  as  on 
5  Dec,  1770,  she  conveyed  the  property  to  trustees  to 
raise  £26,000  by  the  sale  of  it,  and  in  the  meantime  to 
raise  by  mortgage  £12,000  for  her  own  use. 

The  trustees  on  2  May,  1772,  sold  the  farms  called 
Tythin  Nant  y  Bullock,  otherwise  Nant  y  Bwla,  and 
Ffoes  y  Gasseg  in  the  parishes  of  St.  Peter's  and  New- 
church,  CO.  Carmarthen,  for  the  sum  of  £4160  to  David 
Williams  of  Carmarthen. 

We  must  now  revert  to  John  Scurlocke,  junior,  of 
Blaencorse,  the  younger  son  of  John  Scurlock  of  Pibwr 
Llwyd,  by  Mary  his  wife.  John  Scurlocke,  junior,  was 
mayor  of  Carmarthen  in  1702,  and  deputy  mayor  and 
alderman  of  that  town  in  17 10.  His  wife's  name  was 
Hester,  but  her  identity  has  not  been  discovered.  He 
was  buried  on  25  Oct.,  1714,  at  St.  Peter's  Church, 
Carmarthen,  and  by  his  will  dated  11  Dec,  171 2,  and 
proved  at  Carmarthen  on  17  May,  1715,  by  his  widow, 
devised  his  realty  and  personalty  to  his  wife  Hester, 
for  her  widowhood,  with  remainder  to  Henry  Lloyd  of 
Llanllawthog,  esq.,  sergeant  at  law,  John  Vaughan  of 
Derllys,  esq.,  James  Philipps,  gent,  (testator's  brother 
in  law),  and  Richard  Philipps  and  Nathaniel  Morgan, 
gentn.  (testator's  cousins),  on  trust  for  his  eldest  son 
Jonathan  Scurlocke  for  his  life,  with  remainder  to  his 
sons  in  tail,  with  similar  remainders  in  succession  to  David 
Scurlocke,  Alexander  Scurlocke,  Griffith  Scurlocke,  and 
Theophilus  Scurlocke  (the  second,  third,  fourth,  and 
fifth   sons   respectively   of  the   said  testator),   with  re- 


Scurlock  of  Carmarthen.  143 

mainder  to  the  daughters  of  his  son  Jonathan.  To  his 
three  youngest  sons  he  bequeathed  £200  each  when  they 
were  21  years  of  age,  and  he  requested  his  wife  Hester 
to  '  put  his  son  David  to  Oxford  until  he  takes  a  degree 
in  arts.'  To  his  daughter  Hester  Scurlock  he  bequeathed 
£300,  but  to  his  daughter  Elizabeth  (wife  of  William 
Bevan  of  Glasfryn)  he  gave  only  los.,  and  mentioned 
as  a  reason  for  this  that  he  had  been  put  to  great  expense 
in  maintaining  her  and  her  husband  and  children  since 
their  marriage.  The  issue  from  the  marriage  of  John 
Scurlocke,  junior,  and  Hester  his  wife  was  : — 

1.  Jonathan  Scurlocke,  eldest  son,  born  on  21  Jan., 

i6go. 

2.  Rev.  David  Scurlocke. 

3.  Alexander  Scurlocke,  who  married  Hester  WoUey. 

A  licence  for  the  marriage  to  be  celebrated  at  St. 
Peter's  Church  was  obtained  on  7  Jan.,  1735, 
but  the  register  of  that  church  has  no  record  of 
the  marriage.  Hester  Scurlocke  predeceased  her 
husband  Alexander  Scurlocke,  and  was  buried  on 
28  Feb.,  1737,  at  St.  Peter's  Church.  She 
appears  to  have  had  no  children,  as  by  her  will 
dated  20  Feb.,  1737,  and  proved  at  Carmarthen 
on  31  Mar.,  1737,  she  devised  the  reversion  of 
her  realty,  which  had  been  settled  by  her  marriage 
settlement  dated  9  July,  1736,  on  her  husband  for 
his  life,  to  trustees  to  raise  thereon  £300  (to  pay 
off  a  charge  of  that  amount  on  the  estate  of  her 
sister  Margaret  Clynpatell,  created  by  an  in- 
denture dated  5  Jan.,  1733,  and  also  to  raise  a 
further  sum  of  £100  to  pay  off  the  debts  of  herself 
and  her  sister)  with  remainder  to  her  sister  lycttice 
Wolley  for  her  life,  with  remainder  to  her  (Lettice's) 
sons  in  tail,  with  remainder  to  testatrix's  sister, 
Mary  Eaton,  and  her  issue.  Alexander  Scurlock, 
married  as  his  second  wife,  Martha  the  widow  of 
John  Williams  of  Bwlchygwynt,  co.  Carmarthen. 


144  Scurlock  of  Carmarthen. 

4.  Griffith  Scurlocke,  who  matriculated  at  Jesus  College, 

Oxford,  on  i  Mar.,  1717,  aged  17  years. 

5.  Theophilus  Scurlocke,  who  was  buried  at  St.  Peter's, 

Carmarthen,  on  26  May,  1739,  and  by  his  will 
dated  30  Jan.  1739,  and  proved  at  Carmarthen 
on  25  Aug.,  1739,  bequeathed  all  his  personalty 
and  a  farm  called  Wern  Wen  in  the  parish  of 
Llangunnor,  to  his  brother  Alexander  Scurlocke, 
and  his  nephew  William  Bevan  of  Glasfryn. 

6.  Elizabeth  Scurlocke,  who  married  William  Bevan 

of  Glasfryn,  co.  Carmarthen. 

7.  Hester  Scurlocke. 

David  Scurlocke  (son  of  John  Scurlocke,  junior,  and 
Hester  his  wife)  matriculated  at  Jesus  College  on  27  Oct., 
1710,  being  then  16  years  of  age.  The  name  of  his  wife 
is  not  known,  but  his  children  were  as  follows  : — 

1.  David  Scurlocke,  junior. 

2.  John  Scurlock. 

3.  Trevor  Scurlock. 

4.  Jonathan  Scurlock. 

5.  Griffith  Scurlock. 

6.  Wilhelmina  Charlotte  Scurlock,  who  married  Rev. 

Richard  Wilmot. 

7.  Anna  Maria  Scurlock,  who  married  David  Newland. 

David  Scurlocke,  junior  (son  of  the  Rev.  David  Scur- 
locke, senior),  matriculated  at  Jesus  College,  Oxford,  on 
22  Mar.,  1755,  aged  18  years.  He  married  Jane  the 
daughter  of  Thomas  Philipp  of  Cilgunnydd.  He  died  at 
Lovehill  House  near  Windsor  on  9  May,  1793,  and  was 
survived  by  his  wife  who  died  in  1829.  Their  children 
were  : — 

1.  John  Trevor  Scurlock,  who  died  in  1863. 

2.  Elizabeth  Charlotte  Scurlocke,  who  died  in  1862. 

3.  Harriet  Scurlocke,  who  died  in  1816. 

4.  I^ouisa  Scurlocke,  who  died  in  1861. 


Scourfield  of  New  Moat. 


By  FRANCIS  GREEN. 


The  Scourfields  of  New  Moat,  according  to  Lewis 
Dwnn's  Visitation,  came  from  Westmoreland  to 
Pembrokeshire,  and  arrived  in  that  county  at  a  very 
early  date.  There  are  several  pedigrees  of  the  family  in 
existence,  and  various  discrepancies  occur  in  them  in  the 
earlier  generations.  The  pedigree  in  the  Peniarth  MS. 
No.  156^  starts  on  the  male  line  with  Sir  John  Scourfield, 
knt.,  who  married  INIargaret  the  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas 
Green,  knt.,  but  on  the  female  line  with  Clovis  the  Great, 
king  of  France,  and  traces  from  that  monarch  through 
William  de  Valence,  earl  of  Pembroke,  to  Mary  the  wife 
of  Sir  Thomas  Green,  knt.  In  the  Visitation  of  Lewis 
Dwnn  there  are  two  pedigrees  of  the  famil}^,  which  we 
will  in  this  article  refer  to  as  Pedigree  No  I.^  and  Pedigree 
No.  11.^  respectively,  the  last  mentioned  document  being 
signed  b}^  '  John  Schourthewyld '  on  14  Oct.,  1591.* 
Pedigree  No.  I.  commences  with  Sir  Fulke  Scourfield  of 
Kendal,  co.  Westmoreland,  who  married  Jane  the  daughter 
of  Sir  John  Vere,  earl  of  Oxford,  and  had  issue.  Sir  John 
Scourfield  of  Kendal.  He  married  (according  to  Pedigree 
No.  I.)  Mareta  the  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Green  of 
Kendal,  knt.,  and  by  her  had  a  son,  William  Scourfield, 
who  is  stated  to  have  married  Elizabeth  the  daughter  and 
heiress  of  Robert  Wiard,  and  widow  of  Sir  John  Herle, 
and  by  her  had  a  son  named  John.  This  John  married 
Jane  the  daughter  of  Harry  Howell  ap  Philip  Vychan, 
and  had  issue  a  son  named  Jenkin  Scourfield. 

On  the  other   hand.   Pedigree   No.   II.   begins  with 

1  West  Wales  Hist.  Records,  Vol.  II.,  p.  65. 

^  Lewis  Dwnn,  Vol.  I.,  p.  no. 

'  Ibid.,  p.  175. 

*  The  New  Style  of  the  year  has  been  adopted  throughout  this  article. 

J 


146  Scour  field  of  New  Moat. 

John  Scourfield  of  Mote,  esq.,  called  the  '  bearded,' 
who  was  descended  from  Sir  Fulke  Scourfield,  knt. 
This  John  Scourfield  is  stated  to  have  married  Joan 
the  daughter  and  coheir  of  John  Joce  of  Prendergast, 
by  whom  he  had  a  son  John  Scourfield  of  Mote,  who 
by  his  wife  Annes  had  a  son  named  Jenkin  Scourfield. 

From  this  point  the  two  pedigrees  agree  fairly  well 
as  to  the  main  line  of  the  family.  This  Jenkin  Scour- 
field married  Maud  (or  Jane  according  to  Pedigree 
No.  I.)  the  daughter  of  Jankin  or  John  Brochd^^n,  lord 
of  Wlbri,  and  had  a  son.  Piers  Scourfield,^  described 
as  of  j\Iote,  who  married  Jane  or  Alson  the  daughter  of 
Richard  Johns^  of  Haverfordwest.  The  issue  from  the 
marriage  of  Piers  Scourfield  and  his  wife  was  : — 

1.  Harry  Scourfield. 

2.  John  Scourfield. 

3.  Thomas   Scourfield,    probably   the   person   of   that 

name  described  as  of  Lochmeiler,  gent.,  who  in 
1565  was  sued  by  John  Lewys  Perkyn  of  Caerwen, 
in  the  parish  of  Llandeloy,  co.  Pembroke,  for  £11 
due  on  a  bond. 

4.  Richard  Scourfield. 

5.  A  daughter  who  married  John  Tasker. 

6.  A  daughter  who  married  John  Rickart  of  Posty. 

7.  A  daughter  who  married  Jenkin  ap  Rhydderch  of 

Kenarth,  co.  Carmarthen. 

8.  Elizabeth  Scourfield  who  married  ....  Perceival. 

Harry  Scourfield^  (son  of  Piers  Scourfield)  resided  at 

1  In  the  Plea  Rolls  for  co.  Pem.  his  name  is  given  as  Peter  Scourfield. 

2  Pedigree  No.  II.  says  William  Johns  of  Treowen,  standard 
bearer  to  Hen.  VII. ;    he  was  the  father  of  Richard  Johnes. 

3  In  the  Bulkeley  Philipps'  Collection  of  Pedigrees  of  the  Phillipps' 
Family,  the  following  curious  incident  is  given  in  connection  with  the 
wife  of  Harry  Scourfield  of  Mote  : — '  Morgan  Philipps  of  Picton  Castle, 
esq.,  married  (i)  Anne  daughter  of  Richard  Morris  of  Castle  Villia,  co. 
Pembroke,  esq.,  and  supposed  widow  of  Henry  Scourfield  of  Mote,  esq. 
By  her  Morgan  Phillips  had  a  daughter  Elizabeth,  who  married  Thomas 
ap  Eynon  of  Castle  Gorvod,  esq.  Henry  Scourfield  returning  home 
after  a  long  captivity  in  Barbary,  where  he  was  supposed  to  have  died, 
his  wife  returned  to  him.'  It  seems  clear  that  story  applied  not  to 
Harry  Scourfield  but  to  his  son  William  Scourfield,  who,  as  will  be  seen 
above,  married  Ann  the  daughter  of  Richard  Morris. 


Scourfield  of  New  Moat.  147 

Mote.  He  married  twice,  one  of  his  wives — the  order  of 
their  precedence  is  unknown — being  Joan  the  daughter 
of  Thomas  ap  Owen  of  Trelloyn  in  the  parish  of  Penally, 
CO  Pembroke,  by  whom  he  had  two  daughters,  respec- 
tively named  Joan  and  Jane.  His  other  wife  was  Ethe- 
dreda  the  daughter  and  co-heiress  of  Thomas  Butler^ 
(son  of  John  Butler  of  Coedcenlas,  co.  Pembroke,  by  his 
wife  Ivcttice  the  daughter  of  John  Sutton),  and  her  chil- 
dren were  : — 

1.  John  Scourfield. 

2.  William  Scourfield  of  Castle  Villia  in  the  parish  of 

BrsLwdy,  co.  Pembroke.  He  married  Ann  the 
daughter  and  heiress  of  Richard  Morris  by  his  wife 
Katherine  Wogan.^  This  William  Scourfield  was 
with  his  brother  Richard  a  witness  in  a  suit  in 
1572  brought  against  Lewis  Harries,  the  mayor  of 
Haverfordwest,  in  w'hich  the  question  of  the 
boundary  between  the  town  of  Haverfordwest  and 
Prendergast  parish  was  involved.  According  to 
the  evidence,  they  with  Morris  Scourfield^  of 
Mote,  were  having  a  drink  in  the  alehouse  of  one 
William  Berrein,  when  a  quarrel  arose,  and  a 
man  named  Watts  threw  a  piece  of  cheese  at 
another  named  Strong,  who  promptly  drew  his 
dagger  to  attack  him.  Richard  Scourfield  and 
others  dis-armed  Watts,  but  with  a  view  of  getting 
rid  of  him  returned  the  dagger  to  him.  William 
Scourfield  then  followed  Watts  to  tr}^  and  persuade 
him  to  make  friends  with  Strong,  but  Watts 
again  drew  his  dagger  and  wounded  the  peace- 
maker.^ 


1  Pedigree  No.  I.  and  the  Chetham  MSS.  state  that  Ethedreda 
was  the  daughter  of  Thomas  Butler  of  Trecadwgan  in  the  parish  of 
Whitchurch  in  Dewisland,  by  his  wife  Beaton,  the  daughter  of  John 
Sutton. 

2  Chetham  MSS.  No.  97- 

3  Brother  of  William  and  Richard  Scourfield. 

*  For  a  fuller  account  of  this  incident  see  Arch.  Camb.,  Ser.  V.,  Vol. 
XIII.,  p.  209. 


148  Scourfield  of  New  Moat. 

William  Scourfield  and  his  wife  Ann  were  defend- 
ants in  a  fine  levied  of  three  messuages  and  140 
acres  oUand  in  Rudbaxton  on  13  Sept.,  1563.  He 
died  on*  20  Oct.,  1592,^  and  his  wife  on  10  June, 
1582,  the  issue  from  their  marriage  being  : — {a)  a 
son  named  John  who  married  Jane  the  daughter 
of  Llewellin  Lloid,  the  son  of  Morgan  Lloid,  and 
by  her  had  an  only  daughter  and  heiress  named 
Anne  ;  (b)  William  Scourfield.  John  (son  of  Wil- 
liam Scourfield  and  Anne  lyloid)  died  in  May, 
1588  at  Castle  Villia,  his  daughter  Anne  being  then 
only  8  years  of  age.  Now  John  Scourfield  had 
inherited  from  his  mother  Anne  a  messuage  and 
two  carucates^  of  land  in  Castle  Villia,  which  was 
held  of  John  ap  Rice,  esq.,^  as  of  his  manor  of 
Tancardston,  and  in  consequence  of  his  daughter 
Anne  Scourfield  being  an  infant,  her  marriage  was 
claimed  by  John  ap  Rice  as  lord  of  the  manor. 
Her  relatives,  however,  did  not  acquiesce  in  this 
and  the  young  lady  disappeared,  with  the  result 
that  John  ap  Rice  sued  John  Scourfield  of  Moat, 
esq.,  and  John  Meyler  of  Trewalter  in  the  parish 
of  Mathry  for  abducting  her  on  i  Nov.,  1592.* 
Unfortunately  we  are  not  told  how  the  matter 
ended. 

3.  I^ewis  Scourfield. 

4.  Richard  Scourfield. 

5.  James   Scourfield,    who    married   Elizabeth   Lewis, 

and  had  issue  two  sons  named  John  and  Harry. 

6.  Thomas  Scourfield,  who  married  and  had  two  sons, 

John  and  Harry .^ 

7.  Maud  Scourfield,   who  married  Owen  Tankard  of 

Dudwell  in  the  parish  of  Camrose. 


1  Chatham  MSS.,  No.  97. 

2  A  carucate  or  ploughland  was  64  acres. 

3  Of  Richardston  in  the  parish  of  Brawdy. 
*  Pembrokeshire  Plea  Rolls,  No.  63. 

^  Pembrokeshire  Plea  Rolls,  No.  98. 


Scourfield  of  New  Moat.  149 

8.  Jane  Scourfield,   who   married  Thomas  Tucker   of 

Sealyham  in  the  parish  of  St.  Dogwells. 

9.  Ellen  Scourfield  of  St.  Dogwells. 

John  Scourfield  (son  of  Harry  Scourfield  and  Ethedreda 
his  wife)  married  Katherine  the  daughter  of  Sir  John 
Wogan  of  Wiston,  by  his  wife  Ann  Phillip  of  Stonehall, 
CO.  Pembroke.^  He  died  on  16  Jan.  1593,  and  his 
wife  Katherine  on  2  Aug.  1587.    Their  issue  was  : — 

1.  John  Scourfield,  junior. 

2.  Harry  Scourfield,  who  according  to  Pedigree  No. 

II.,  had  no  issue,  save  an  illegitimate  daughter 
named  Katherine.  He  was  probably  the  Henry 
Scourfield  of  Bletherston,  who  in  1604  was  sued 
by  Phillip  Saunders  for  £8  due  on  a  bond. 

3.  James  Scourfield,  who  married  Margaret,  daughter 

of  Jenkin  Vawer  of  Haverfordwest.  His  will  at 
the  Carmarthen  Probate  Court  is  so  decayed 
that  very  little  information  can  be  obtained  from 
it.  He  apparently  left  all  his  goods  in  Haverford- 
west to  Ethelred  Wogan  for  his  life,  and  mentions 
'  my  youngest  daughter  Margaret  Scourfield,  my 
eldest  son  Thomas  Scourfield,  and  my  God- 
daughter Catherine,  the  daughter  of  Thomas 
Scourfield.'  The  date  of  the  will  and  probate  has 
gone,  but  the  will  is  endorsed  1614.  It  is  possible 
that  this  Thomas  Scourfield  was  the  person  who 
married  Margaret  the  widow  of  Richard  Bowen 
of  Lochmeiler,  and  died  on  20  July,  1658. 

4.  Jane  Scourfield,  the  wife  of  Morgan  John,  lord  of 

Tow^m. 

5.  Anne  Scourfield,  the  wife  of  William  Griffiths  of 

Tressissillt  in  the  parish  of  Granston,  gent.  Their 
marriage  settlement  was  dated  22  July,  1578,^ 
and  by  it  William  Griffiths  settled  his  capital 
messuage  called  Tressissillt,  and  the  moiety  of  a 

1  See  West  Wales  Hist.  Records,  Vol.  VI.,  p.  198. 

2  Papers  of  the  Great  Sessions  for  7  Jac.  I. 


150  Scourfield  of  New  Moat. 

tenement  in  Trehowell  and  Priskarn  in  the  parish 
of  Llanunda,  to  the  use  of  himself  and  his  wife 
Ann  Scourfield  for  their  lives,  with  remainder  to 
their  issue. 

6.  Elizabeth  Scourfield/  who  married  Harry  Johns  of 

Southfield  in  the  parish  of  Camrose. 

7.  Jane  Scourfield,  wife  of  Philip  ap  James. ^ 

8.  Elizabeth  Scourfield,  wife  of  John  Eynon.^ 

9.  Mary  Scourfield,  wife  of  Owen  ap  leuan  ap  Jenkin. 
10.  Ellen  Scourfield,  wife  of  David  Reiad.^ 

John  Scourfield,  junior  (son  of  John  Scourfield  and 
Katherine  Wogan  his  wife),  married  Katherine  the 
daughter  and  heiress  of  Richard  ap  Owen  ap  Richard 
of  Lochmeiler  in  the  parish  of  Llandeloy.  Beyond  that 
he  was  sheriff  for  co.  Pembroke  in  1600,  little  is  known 
of  him.  He  died  in  the  early  part  of  1610,  his  will  being 
dated  26  Dec,  1609,  and  proved  at  Carmarthen  on  24 
April  following.  B}^  it  he  devised  the  fee  farm  of  the 
rectory  of  Newmoat  (bought  from  Sir  Thomas  Shereley, 
knt.)  to  his  eldest  son  William  Scourfield  in  fee  tail 
male,  with  similar  remainders  in  succession  to  his  (testa- 
tor's) 3^ounger  sons.  John  Scourfield  the  ^^oungest  son 
of  the  testator  was  at  that  time  under  age,  and  his  father 
directed  that  he  was  to  be  kept  at  his  books,  and  be- 
queathed him  £200  when  he  came  of  age.  No  mention 
is  made  of  the  testator's  wife  in  the  will,  so  presumably 
she  predeceased  her  husband.  According  to  Lewis  Dwnn,^ 
John  Scourfield  had  an  illegitimate  son  named  John. 
The  children  of  John  Scourfield,  junior,  by  his  wife 
Katherine  Richard,  were  : — 

1.  William  Scourfield  (eldest  son). 

2.  Thomas  Scourfield,  who  married  Ann  the  daughter 

and  heiress  of  William of  Castle  Velin.^ 

3.  Harry  Scourfield,  to  whom  his  father  bequeathed 

£200. 

1  Lewis  Dwnn,  Vol.  I.,  p.  176. 
*  Vol.  I.,  p.  176. 


Scour  field  of  New  Moat.  151 

4.  John  Scourfield. 

5.  Margaret  Scourfield  (eldest  daughter),  to  whom  her 

father  bequeathed  ;^200. 

6.  Dorothy  Scourfield,  who  married  George  ap  Owen 

of  Llwyngvvrwr.^ 

7.  Catherine  Scourfield  (third  daughter),  to  whom  her 

father  bequeathed  £100. 

8.  lyettice  Scourfield,  who  married  Richard  Vaughan 

of  Bryn.2 

9.  Elizabeth  Scourfield  (youngest  daughter),  to  whom 

her  father  bequeathed  £100. 

10.  Anne  Scourfield. 

William  Scourfield  (son  of  John  Scourfield,  junior,  by 
his  wife  Katherine  Richard)  was  sheriff  for  co.  Pembroke 
in  1617,  and  married  Jane  the  daughter  of  George  Owen, 
lord  of  Kemes,  the  Elizabethan  historian  of  Pembroke- 
shire. 

So  far  we  have  been  much  in  the  dark  as  to  the  extent 
of  property  in  Pembrokeshire  owned  by  the  Scourfield 
family,  but  an  inquisition  held  on  10  Aug.,  1622,  on  the 
death  of  William  Scourfield  gives  us  some  interesting 
information  on  the  point.  This  inquisition  was  held  before 
Thomas  Cannon,  feodary  of  the  count3^  William  David, 
esq.,  George  Owen,  gent.,  and  Lewis  Johnes,  gent., 
escheator  for  co.  Pembroke.  The  jury  consisted  of  James 
Vaughan  of  Pontvane,  gent.,  John  Tucker  of  St.  Dog- 
wells,  gent.,  Llewellin  Harry  of  Tregwynt,  gent.,  Maurice 
Grifliths  of  Tregindeg,  gent.,  John  S^'-mins  of  Martell, 
gent.,  Griffith  Thomas  of  Llandilo,  gent.,  Nicholas  Hurd 
of  Crundall,  gent.,  John  Smith  of  He^^thock,  Lewis  Howell 
of  Lampiter  Velfrey,  Thomas  ap  Owen  of  Llanykeven, 
John  Colby  of  Bletherston,  Llewellin  William  of  Peny- 
park,  Owen  Roblin  of  Talybont,  Jenkin  David  of  Poysty, 
and  Rees  Reynold  of  Lh'syvrane,  who  returned  that  the 

1  Llwyngwair.  2  Lewis  Dwnn  Vol.  i,  p.  176. 


152  Scour  field  of  New  Moat. 

said  William  Scourfield  was  seised  in  demesne  as  of  fee 
of  the  following  property  : — 

The  rectory  of  New  Moate  held  of  the  king  as  of  his  manor  of  East 
Greenwich/  of  the  clear  annual  value  of  40s. 

Three  messuages  and  11  bovates^  of  land  in  the  town  and  fields  of 
Widdeston^  in  Rouse,  held  of  the  prince  of  Wales,  as  of  his  manor  of 
Staynton,  by  knight's  service,  being  of  the  clear  annual  value  of  33s.  4d. 

One-fourth  part  of  the  manor  of  Honyborough  held  of  the  prince  of 
Wales  as  of  his  lordship  of  Haverfordwest  by  knight's  service,  being 
of  the  clear  annual  value  of  3s.  4d. 

One-sixth  part  of  a  corn  mill  in  Great  Honyborough,*  held  of  the 
prince  of  Wales  as  of  his  lordship  of  Haverfordwest,  by  knight's  service, 
being  of  the  clear  annual  value  of  3s.  4d. 

Two  messuages  and  6  bovates  of  land  in  Little  Honyborough,*  held 
of  the  manor  of  Great  Honyborough*  by  knight's  service,  being  of  the 
clear  annual  value  of  3s.  4d. 

2\  burgages  and  a  parcel  of  land  in  Tenby,  held  of  the  manor  of 
Pembroke  in  free  socage,  being  of  the  clear  annual  value  of  3s.  4d. 

The  capital  mansion  house  of  the  said  William  Scourfield  and  5 
carucates  of  land  at  New  Mote  and  five  messuages  called  Vordland,* 
Parkeast,*  ForehUl,®  and  Stranger's  Landes,  containing  5  carucates  of 
land  at  New  Mote,  held  of  William,  bishop  of  St.  Davids,  as  of  his 
manor  of  New  Mote  in  free  socage,  being  of  the  clear  annual  value  of 

IOCS. 

Four  messuages  and  certain  lands  containing  4  carucates  called 
Rhynkenies,'  Varbenshooke,®  and  Honyhooke,  and  a  corn  mill  and  a 
fulling  mill  in  Varbenshooke,  held  of  the  bishop  of  St.  Davids  as  of  his 
manor  of  New  Mote  by  knight's  service,  being  of  the  clear  annual 
value  of  23s.  4d.  ^ 

A  messuage  called  Ffynongainge'  and  Wilsbutt,  and  two  carucates 
of  land  and  three  messuages  and  three  carucates  of  land  in  the  tovim  of 
Bletherston,  held  of  the  bishop  of  St.  Davids  by  free  socage,  as  of  his 
barony  of  Llawhaden,  being  of  the  clear  annual  value  of  40s. 

A  messuage  and  20  acres  of  land  in  Perceli,^"  held  of  the  bishop  of 
St.  Davids  by  knight's  service,  as  of  his  manor  of  Castle  Morris,  being 
of  the  clear  annual  value  of  3s.  4d. 

1  CO.  Kent. 

2  A  bovate  or  oxland  was  8  Welsh  acres. 

3  Woodston  in  the  parish  of  Staynton. 

*  In  the  parish  of  Llanstadwell. 

*  Forland  in  the  parish  of  New  Moat. 

*  In  the  parish  of  New  Moat. 
'  Possibly  Rhydybrowin. 

8  Farthings  Hook. 

*  In  the  parish  of  New  Moat. 

1"  Either  Priskilly  in  the  parish  of  Mathry,  or  Parcely  in  the  parish  of  St. 
Edrens. 


Scour  field  of  New  Moat.  153 

A  messuage  and  100  acres  of  land  and  a  corn  mill  in  Castle  Villia 
and  Rhoskynevin"  (which  the  said  William  Scourfield  purchased  from 
Thomas  Scourfield  and  Anne  his  wife,  and  Thomas  Rees,  esq.,  by  an 
indenture  dated  20  July,  1615),  held  of  the  bishop  of  St.  Davids  by 
knight's  service,  as  of  his  manor  of  Pebidiawke,  otherwise  Dewisland, 
being  of  the  clear  value  annual  of  30s. 

The  manor  of  Llanvuron'  in  the  parish  of  Llanunda,  a  messuage, 
two  carucates  of  land  and  a  corn  mill  in  Lochmeiler,  and  a  messuage 
and  10  acres  of  land  in  Llandeloy,  a  messuage  and  10  acres  of  land  in 
Trevervin  in  the  parish  of  St.  Davids,  a  messuage  and  10  acres  of  land 
in  Llandeloy,  a  messuage  and  certain  acres  of  land  in  TrenichoU,  and  a 
messuage  and  8  acres  of  land  in  Trelethydvawr,*  all  held  of  the  bishop 
of  St.  Davids  in  free  socage,  as  of  his  manor  of  Pebydiawke.  being  of 
the  clear  annual  value  of  50s. 

Seven  messuages  and  two  carucates  of  land  in  the  fown  of  Clarbeston, 
and  2s.  2d.  of  yearly  rent  from  a  messuage  of  Thomas  Restance  in  the 
town  of  Clarbeston,  held  of  John  Philippes,  bart.,  by  knight's  service, 
as  of  his  manor  of  Mountjoy,  otherwise  Clarbeston,  being  of  the  clear 
annual  value  of  30s. 

A  messuage  and  certain  lands  in  Trecysillt  and  Penyrhiw  Vach  in 
the  parish  of  Llanunda,  and  a  messuage  and  lands  at  Goodigg  in  the 
parish  of  Llanunda,  held  of  John  Owen,  gent.,  in  free  socage,  as  of 
his  manor  of  Trecycillt,  being  of  the  clear  annual  value  of  5s. 

Lands  in  Llanvaire  Kynon  and  Llandyrnevrane*  held  of  David 
Lloyd,  gent.,  by  knight's  service,  as  of  his  manor  of  Llanrian,  being 
of  the  clear  annual  value  of  los. 

Two  messuages  and  half  a  carucate  of  land  in  Kerbettt^  and  Tre- 
glemes.'held  of  John  Wogan,  knt.,  by  knight's  service,  as  of  his  manor 
of  Treglemes,  otherwise  Came  Vawre,  being  of  the  annual  value  of 
los. 

A  messuage  and  20  acres  of  land  in  Lochtyrfin,*  and  30  acres  of  land 
in  Gweme  y  Parry,*  held  of  Hugh  Owen  by  knight's  service,  as  of  his 
manor  of  Castlekenlas,*  being  of  the  annual  value  of  los. 

A  messuage  and  12  acres  of  land  in  Tretheogg^"  held  of  William 
Wogan,  gent.,  by  knight's  service,  as  of  his  manor  of  Tretheogg,  being 
of  the  annual  value  of  6s.  8d. 


1  In  the  parish  of  Llandeloy. 

2  Probably  Rhoscrannog  in  the  parish  of  Llandeloy. 

3  Llanferran. 

*  In  the  parish  of  St.  Davids. 
^  Goodwick. 

«  Llanvirn  Eynon  and  Llanvimyfran  in  the  parish  of  St.  Davids. 
'  In  the  parish  of  Llanhowell. 

*  In  the  parish  of  Mathry. 

*  Waun  y  barry  in  the  parish  of  Mathry. 
1*  In  the  parish  of  St.  Edrens. 


154  Scourfield  of  New  Moat. 

A  garden  in  the  town  of  Harrysmote,  held  of  Alban  Owen,  esq., 
by  knight's  service,  as  of  his  lordship  of  Kernes,  being  of  the  clear 
annual  value  of  2s. 

A  messuage  and  60  acres  of  mountain  land  called  Mynithduw,  being 
of  the  clear  annual  value  of  los.,  but  as  to  its  tenure  the  jury  were 
ignorant, 

Four  messuages  and  two  cottages  in  Haverfordwest,  held  of  the 
prince  of  Wales  in  free  socage,  as  of  his  lordship  of  Haverfordwest, 
being  of  the  clear  annual  value  of  los. 

The  jurors  further  returned  that  the  said  William 
Scourfield  died  on  22  Mar.,  1622,  and  that  John  Scour- 
field  his  son  and  heir  was  of  the  age  of  15  years  3  months 
and  20  days  at  the  date  of  his  father's  death. 

After  the  death  of  her  husband  William  Scourfield, 
his  widow  Jane  married  John  Philipps  of  Ffynnongain, 
and  in  1631,  she  and  her  husband  sued  her  son  John 
Scourfield  at  the  Great  Sessions  for  a  one-third  share  of 
60  messuages  and  5000  acres  of  land,  a  corn  mill,  and  a 
fulling  mill  in  Newmote,  Blether ston,  Clarbeston,  Mathry, 
St.  Davids,  Wiston,  Mynwear,  Llanstadwell,  Steinton, 
lylandeloy,  Brawdy,  Llanrheithan,  St.  Edrins,  Llanunda, 
Nevern,  Llanhowell,  Llanrhian,  and  Haverfordwest,  as 
dower  from  her  late  husband  William  Scourfield.^  The 
children  of  William  Scourfield  by  his  wife  Jane  Owen 
were  as  follows  : — 

1.  John  Scourfield. 

2.  Ellen  Scourfield. 

3.  Katherine  Scourfield. 

4.  Margaret  Scourfield.^ 

5.  Jane  Scourfield.^ 

John  Scourfield  (son  of  William  Scourfield  by  his  wife 
Jane)  was  born  in  1607.  He  married  Mary  the  daughter 
of  Sir  John  Philipps  of  Picton  Castle.  He  was  sheriff  for 
CO.  Pembroke  in  1635,  and  in  that  year  he  went  to  London 
to  pay  over  to  the  Privy  Council  ;^43  which  was  the 

1  Papers  of  the  Great  Sessions,  6  Car.  I. 

2  Papers  of  the  Great  Sessions,  5  Car.  I. 


Scour  field  of  New  Moat.  155 

arrears  of  Ship  Money  assessed  on  the  county.  While 
crossing  Enshani  Ferry  in  co.  Oxford,  he  was  drowned, 
and  the  Ship  Money  lost  in  the  river. ^  He  was  thus 
only  about  28  years  of  age  when  he  died.  After  his 
death  his  wife  Mary  married  Arthur  Owen  the  son  of 
Sir  Hugh  Owen  of  Orielton.  The  issue  from  the  marriage 
of  John  Scourfield  to  his  wife  Jane  Philipps  was  : — 

1.  William  Scourfield. 

2.  Other  children,  of  whom  details  are  lacking. 

William  Scourfield  (son  of  John  Scourfield  and  his  wife 
Jane  Philipps)  was  sherift'  for  co.  Pembroke  in  1663. 
He  married  ]\Iary  the  daughter  of  Sir  Hugh  Owen  of 
Orielton,  and  she  predeceased  him  on  19  Mar.,  1693,  at 
the  age  of  50  years.  Her  husband  died  three  years  later, 
his  will  dated  25  Sept.,  1695,  having  been  proved  at 
Carmarthen  on  20  Feb.,  1696.  By  it  he  charged  the 
family  estate,  under  a  power  contained  in  his  marriage 
settlement,  with  a  sum  of  £1000  in  favour  of  his  daughters 
Mary,  Katherine,  and  Dorothy  Scourfield,  spinsters,  and 
also  charged  his  lands  in  cos.  Pembroke  and  Haverford- 
west with  a  legacy  of  £666  13s.  4d.  to  each  of  his  daughters 
Mary  and  Katharine,  and  of  £566  13s.  4d.  to  his  daughter 
Doroth3^  Subject  to  these  charges,  he  devised  all  his 
realty  and  personalty  to  his  son  William  Scourfield. 
His  children  William  and  Dorothy  were  then  under 
age,  so  he  appointed  his  brother-in-law  Sir  Hugh  Owen, 
bart.,  his  brother  [?  in  law]  John  Owen  of  Trecoon, 
esq.,  and  his  kinsman  John  Laugharne  of  Llandawke,  co. 
Carmarthen,  to  be  their  guardians  during  their  minority. 
In  the  inventory  of  his  effects,  the  total  value  of  which 
was  £777  I2s.  lo^d.,  appear  the  following  interesting 
items  : — A  silver  tankard,  a  basin,  a  salver,  a  silver  gilt 
salt,  two  small  salts,  a  dozen  spoons,  three  castors,  and 
a  spoon  and  a  cup,  £34  ;  pewter  dishes  and  plates,  £5  los. 

^  State  Papers  for  1636. 


156  Scourfield  of  New  Moat. 

The  following  were  the  children  of  William  Scourfield 
by  his  wife  Mary  Owen  : — 

1.  William  Scourfield,  junior. 

2.  Mary   Scourfield    (eldest    daughter)    who    died   un- 

married, and  by  her  will  dated  15  June,  1719, 
and  proved  at  Carmarthen  on  7  April,  1726,  be- 
queathed to  her  sister  Catherine  Meare,  widow, 
certain  rings,  and  to  her  sister's  son  Hugh  Meare, 
£100  and  a  silver  cup  with  a  cover.  She  gave  to 
her  brother  William  Scourfield,  junior,  and  his 
wife,  two  guineas  to  buy  rings,  and  appointed  her 
sister  Dorothy  Phillips  of  Longridge  as  her  residu- 
ary legatee. 

3.  Katharine  (second  daughter),  who  married  George 

Meares  of  Eastington  in  the  parish  of  Rhoscrow- 
ther. 

4.  Dorothy  Scourfield,  who  married  as  her  first  husband 

William  Skryme  of  Longridge  in  the  parish  of 
Bletherston,  and,  as  her  second  husband,  Charles 
Phillipps  of  Haythog,  co.  Pembroke. 

William  Scourfield,  junior  (son  of  William  and  Mary 
Scourfield),  was  sheriff  for  co.  Pembroke  in  1699.  He 
married  Katherine  the  daughter  and  co-heiress  of  Griffith 
Hawkwell  of  Haverfordwest,  esq.,  and  the  issue  from 
that  marriage  was  : — 

1.  William  Scourfield. 

2.  Anne  Scourfield,  who  married  as  her  first  husband, 

Thomas  Lloyd  of  Cwmgloyne  in  the  parish  of 
Bayvil,  and  as  her  second  husband,  Robert 
Gosnel. 

3.  Katherine  Scourfield, 

4.  Judith  Scourfield. 

5.  Mary  Scourfield. 

An  interesting  suit  was  brought  in  the  Great  Sessions 
for  CO.  Pembroke  in  the  13th  year  of  Queen  Anne,  touch- 
ing burial  rights  in  the  church  of  Llandeloy.     The  suit 


Scourfield  of  New  Moat.  157 

was  brought  by  John  James,  the  tenant  of  Lochmeiler  in 
that  parish,  gent.,  against  EHzabeth  Prichard  of  the 
same  parish,  spinster,  who  was  the  lessee  of  the  tithes 
of  Llandeloy.  The  plea  in  the  suit  stated  that  William 
Scourfield  was  tenant  for  life  of  Lochmeiler,  with  remain- 
der to  his  heirs  male,  and  that  the  chancel  of  Llandeloy 
Church  belonged  to  him  and  to  all  occupiers  of  Loch- 
meiler,  who  had  a  right  to  worship  in  the  church  and  to 
be  buried  there  without  pa3"ing  los.  or  any  other  fee  to 
the  rector  of  the  parish.  It  further  stated  that  the 
chancel  or  isle  had  been  repaired  by  William  Scourfield, 
and  that  the  parents  of  John  James  had  been  buried  in 
the  isle  and  not  in  the  chancel,  and  Elizabeth  Prichard 
had  tried  to  compel  James  to  pay  los.  for  each  burial. 
James  refused  to  pay  up,  and  she  summoned  him  before 
the  bishop's  court,  called  the  Court  of  Christianity. 
Here  the  bishop  refused  to  accept  the  plea  of  James, 
who  issued  a  writ  of  the  Queen  against  Elizabeth  Prichard. 
She,  however,  continued  to  prosecute  him  in  the  Court 
of  Christianity,  alleging  that  the  burials  were  made  in 
the  chancel  and  not  in  the  isle.  Then  James  sued  her 
in  the  Great  Sessions  for  £100  damages.^  The  result  of 
the  trial  is  not  given  in  the  document. 

William  Scourfield  (son  of  William  Scourfield,  junior, 
and  Katherine  Hawkwell  his  wife)  married  Ann  the 
daughter  of  William  Pliilipps,  the  Recorder  of  Brecon. 
Their  children  were  : — 

1.  Henry  Scourfield. 

2.  Francis  Scourfield. 

3.  Mary  Scourfield. 

Henry  Scourfield  (son  of  William  Scourfield  and  his 
wife  Ann  Philipps)  resided  at  Robeston  Hall  in  the  parish 
of  Robeston  West,  co.  Pembroke.  He  was  sherifi'  for  co. 
Pembroke  in  1781,  and  married^  Elizabeth  the  daughter 


1  Papers  of  the  Great  Sessions  for  13  Anne. 

2  Their  prenuptial  settlement  is  dated  27  Feb..  1771. 


158  Scourfield  of  New  Moat. 

of  Dr.  John  Ewer,  bishop  of  Bangor,  and  canon  of  Wind- 
sor. She  died  ^  in  1790,  and  by  her  he  had  the  following 
children  : — 

1.  William  Henry  Scourfield. 

2.  Mar}-  Scourfield,  who  in  1799  married  Rev.  Joshua 

Rowley  of  East  Bergholt,  co.  Suffolk,  the   son  of 
Admiral  Sir  Joshua  Rowley,  bart.^ 

3.  Elizabeth  Anne  Scourfield,  who  married  Col.  Owen 

Phillips  the  son  of  Rev.  John  Phillips,  D.D.,  of 
Williamston  in  the  parish  of  Burton. 

William  Henry  Scourfield  (son  of  Henry  Scourfield 
and  Elizabeth  his  wife)  was  sheriff  for  co.  Pembroke  in 
1812,  and  M.P.  for  Haverfordwest  in  1818  and  1835. 
He  married  as  his  first  wife,  Maria  the  daughter  of  Lieut. 
Col.  Goat  of  Bent  Ely  Hall,  Suffolk.^  She  died  on  20 
Aug.,  1835,  ill  tis^  53rd.  year,^  and  he  afterwards  married 
at  Manorowen  on  28  Dec,  1837,  Louisa  the  daughter 
of  Richard  Bo  wen  of  Manorowen.  There  was  no  issue 
from  either  of  the  marriages,  and  on  his  death  on  31 
Jan.,  1843,  at  the  age  of  65  years,  the  direct  line  of  the 
ancient  family  of  Scourfield  of  New  Moat  came  to  an  end. 
The  family  estate  under  his  will  vested  in  his  sister 
Mary  Rowley  for  her  life,  and  thereafter  in  his  nephew 
John  Henry  Phillips,  who  was  sheriff  for  co.  Pembroke 
in  1833,  and  in  1862  assumed  the  name  and  arms  of 
Scourfield  by  royal  licence. 


1  Gent.  Magazine. 

2  Allen's  Sheriffs  of  Pembrokeshire,  p.  60. 

3  Inscription  at  New  Moat  Church. 


Marriage   Bonds   of  West   Wales 
and  Gower. 

Continued  from  Vol.  VIII.,  p.  240. 


1784. 

Jan.  3.  Robert  Mansel,  gent.,  and  Judith  Jenkins,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Kidwelly,  Carms.^ 

Jan.  7.  Thomas  Davies  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen,  yeo- 
man, and  Priscilla  Griffiths  of  the  parish  of  Lantharog, 
Carms.,  spinster.^ 

Jan.  II.  David  Philip,  yeoman,  and  Lucy  Thomas,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Lanboidy,  Carms. ^ 

Jan.  12.  Evan  Lewis,  yeoman,  and  Anne  Davies,  widow,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Abernant,  Carms.^ 

Jan.  16.  John  Harry  of  the  parish  of  Lanfynidd,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Jane  John  of  the  parish  of  Landilofawr,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^ 

Jan.  16.  Humphrey  Thomas,  yeoman,  and  Margaret  Morris,  widow, 
both  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^ 

Jan.  24.  WiUiam  Raymond,  gent.,  and  Dianah  Evans,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Laugh ame,  Carms. ^ 

Jan.  28.  Edward  Howell,  yeoman,  and  Anne  Thomas,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Newchurch,  Carms.'^ 

Jan.  31.  David  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Landeveylog,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Anne  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Langendeim,  Carms., 
spinster.^ 

Feb.  2.  Richard  Griffiths,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Jones,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Langendeim,  Carms. ■^ 

Feb.  3.  Thomas  Gwyne  of  the  parish  of  Llangohnan,  Perns.,  gent., 
and  Anne  Nicholas  of  the  parish  of  Manachlogdeu,  Pems., 
spinster. ■*■ 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 


i6o 

Feb. 

3- 

Feb. 

5- 

Feb. 

7- 

Mar. 

14 

Mar. 

22 

Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1784. 

William  Roderick  of  the  parish  of  Lanclevyson,  Carms., 
gent.,  and  Sarah  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Langathen,  Carms., 
spinster.^ 

Benjamin  Ballard  of  the  parish  of  Lanbleidian,  Glam.,  gent., 
and  Elisabeth  Price  of  the  parish  of  Landilovawr,  spinster.^ 

James  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Henllan  Amgoed,  Carms., 
yeoman,  and  Anne  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Lanboidy, 
Carms.,  spinster.^ 

John  Morgan  and  Grace  Thomas,  Swansea." 

William  Hughes,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Collins,  widow,  both 
of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^ 

Mar.  27.  William  Price  of  the  parish  of  Eglwyscummia,  Carms., 
yeoman,  and  Mary  James  of  the  parish  of  Pendine,  Carms. , 
spinster.^ 

Mar.  29.  John  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Langathen,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  Jane  Beynon  of  the  parish  of  Landilofawr,  Carms., 
spinster.^ 

John  Owen,  yeoman,  and  Joanna  Bevan,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Lanon,  Carms. ^ 

Evan  Hopkin  of  the  parish  of  Llanfihangel  Aberbythick, 
Carms.,  yeoman,  and  Anne  Lake  of  the  parish  of  Llandebie, 
Carms.,  spinster.^ 

James  Howell,  mariner,  and  Elisabeth  Lewis,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Laugharne,  Carms.'^ 

David  Lloyd  of  the  parish  of  Conwilgaio,  Carms.,  gent.,  and 
Jane  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Kilycoomb,  Carms.,  spinster.' 

Chauncey  Davies,  gent.,  and  Grace  Roch,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  St.  Mary,  Haverfordwest.' 

John  David,  yeoman,  and  Elisabeth  Dunn,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Langendeirn,  Carms.' 

Joseph  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Hubberston,  Pems.,  yeo- 
man, and  Elizabeth  Knight  of  the  parish  of  St.  Ishmael, 
Perns.,  spinster.' 

May  19.  William  Daniel  of  the  parish  of  Lanfynidd,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Bridget  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Landilofawr,  Carms., 
spinster.' 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 

2  This,  with  other  similar  brief  entries,  is  written  on  a  sheet  of  paper 
deposited  amongst  the  marriage  bonds. 


Mar. 

SI- 

Apr. 

S- 

Apr. 

IS- 

Apr. 

21. 

May 

4- 

May 

15- 

May 

18. 

Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1784.  161 

May  26.  Evan  Simon,  yeoman,  and  Mary  David,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Lanvihangel  Rhos-y-Corn,  Carms."^ 

May  29.  William  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llanboidy,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  Mary  Howells  of  the  parish  of  Llanstephan,  Carms., 
widow/ 

Jmi.  3.  William  Rees,  farmer,  and  Margaret  John,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Conwilgaio,  Carms. ^ 

Jxm.  7.  John  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Pontypool,  co.  Mon.,  gent.,  and 
Margaret  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llangathen,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster. 

Jun.  8.  David  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llanllawthog,  Carms., 
fanner,  and  Mary  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llanlloony,  Carms., 
spinster.^ 

Jun.  28.     Lewis  Miles  and  Martha  Hopkin,  Swansea.* 

Jun.  29.  Walter  Bonnel  of  the  parish  of  Langain,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Anne  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen, 
spinster.^ 

Jul.  I.        Thomas  Maency  and  Margaret  Jervis,  Swansea.* 

Jul.  I.  Benjamin  Davies,  gent.,  and  Alice  Landag,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Langevelach,  Glam.^ 

Jul.  3.  John  Williams,  mariner,  and  Margaret  Morris,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^ 

Jul.  8.  Daniel  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Lanelly,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Margaret  Powell  of  the  parish  of  Lanon,  Carms.,  widow. ^ 

Jul.  8.  John  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Kellan,  Cards.,  yeoman,  and 
Mary  Moses  of  the  parish  of  Conwilgaio,  Carms.,  spinster.* 

Jul.  9.  Thomas  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llansawel,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Letitia  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llangathen,  Carms., 
spinster.* 

Jul.  12.  Samuel  Harris  of  the  parish  of  St.  Davids,  Pems.,  gent.,  and 
Mary  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Bletherston,  Pems.,  spinster.* 

Jul.  12.  James  Orriel,  yeoman,  and  Margaret  Rhode,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Marros,  Carms.* 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 

*  This,  with  other  similar  brief  entries,  is  written  on  a  sheet  of  paper 
deposited  amongst  the  marriage  bonds. 
'  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 

K 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1784. 

John  Evans,  yeoman,  and  Mary  David,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Conwilgaio,  Carms.^ 

Benjamin  Thomas,  farmer,  and  Sarah  Morris,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Idanwiaio,  Carms.^ 

David  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Langlydwen,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Catharine  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Manachlog-ddu,  Pems., 
spinster.^ 

William  James,  farmer,  and  Martha  James,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llandissilio,  Carms. ^ 

Thomas  Clement  of  the  parish  of  Greenwich,  co.  Kent,  gent., 
and  Mary  James  of  the  parish  of  Lansawel,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^ 

Josiah  LewelUn,  gent.,  and  Elisabeth  Taylcr,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^ 

Evan  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Lanfihangel  Aberbythick, 
Carms.,  yeoman,  and  Elisabeth  Price  of  the  parish  of  Lan- 
arthney,  Carms.,  spinster.-^ 

John  Morgan,  yeoman,  and  Mary  William,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Langadock,  Carms. ^ 

David  James  of  the  parish  of  Langain,  Carms.,  yeoman,  and 
Mary  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carms.,  widow.^ 

David  Evan  of  the  parish  of  Lanpimsaint,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Elisabeth  Harvard  of  the  parish  of  Penboir,  Carms., 
widow. ^ 

Thomas  David,  yeoman,  and  Martha  Davies,  widow,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Kidwelly,  Carms. ^ 

Rees  David  of  the  parish  of  Lanybyther,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Hesther  John  of  the  parish  of  Talley,  Carms.,  spinster, 
a  minor  ;  with  the  father's  consent.^ 

Aug.  12.  Thomas  David  of  the  parish  of  Landevyson,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Jane  Rudderch  of  the  parish  of  LandilovawT, 
Carms.,  spinster.^ 

Aug.  12.  Lodowick  Lake  of  the  parish  of  Landebye,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  Herbert  of  the  parish  of  Lanfih angel  Aberbythick, 
Carms.,  spinster.'' 

Aug.  12.  Thomas  Parry  of  the  parish  of  Landissilio-gogo,  Cards., 
clerk,  and  Bridget  Jones  of  the  parish  of  LlanUwchaiam, 
Cards.,  widow.^ 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 


162 

Jul. 

14. 

Jul. 

14. 

Jul. 

14. 

Jul. 

20. 

Jul. 

21. 

Jul. 

21. 

Jul. 

24. 

Jul. 

26. 

Aug. 

2. 

Aug. 

7. 

Aug. 

11. 

Aug. 

12. 

Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1784.  163 

Aug.  14.  Thomas  Davies,  yeoman,  aud  Jane  William,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Lampeter  pont  Stephen,  Cards.,  spinster.^ 

Aug.  17.  Thomas  Evan  of  the  parish  of  Lanarthncy,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
aud  Letticc  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Landeveylog,  Carms., 
spinster.^ 

Aug.  21.  George  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Cynwil  Elvet,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Mary  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Landeveylog, 
Carms.,  widow. ^ 

Aug.  26.    William  Franklen  and  Margaret  Cragg,  Swansea.* 

Aug.  26.  John  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llanginning,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Elisabeth  Rowlands  of  the  parish  of  Newport,  Pems., 
spinster.^ 

Aug.  28.  David  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Kilrhedyn,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  Philipps  of  the  parish  of  Clydeu,  Pems.,  spinster.* 

Sep.  2.  Thomas  John,  yeoman,  and  Anne  George,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Lanegwad,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Thomas  John 
and  John  Williams  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen  ; 
witness  :    John  Rogers. 

Sep.  2.  Thomas  Jones,  gent.,  and  Elizabeth  Philip,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llangunnock,  Carms.^  B.  by  said  Thomas 
Jones  and  Hughes  Jones  of  Carmarthen,  yeoman  ;  witness  : 
N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

Sep.  9.  Edward  Owens  of  the  parish  of  Langinning,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Elisabeth  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Kidwelly,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Edward  Owen  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
li aias. 

Sep.  10.  Thomas  Evan,  yeoman,  and  Anne  Evans,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Lansadum,  Carms.^  B.  by  said  Thomas  Evan  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  15.  John  Furlong,  gent.,  and  Margaret  Thomas,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Llampiter  Velfrey,  Pems.^  B.  by  said  John 
Furlong  and  Thomas  Philipps  of  the  parish  of  Llanginning, 
Carms.,  gent.  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  18.     Richard  Lewis  and  Elizabeth  Davies,  Swansea.* 

Sep.  30.  WUliam  Richard  of  the  parish  of  Langain  Carms.  yeoman, 
and  Hesther  Evan  of  the  parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  W  illiam  Richards  and  William  Evans 
of  Carmarthen  ;   witness  :    Dan.  WilHams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 

*  This,  with  other  similar  brief  entries,  is  written  on  a  sheet  of  paper 
deposited  amongst  the  marriage  bonds. 


164  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1784. 

Oct.  4.  David  Lodowick  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms., 
farmer,  and  Martha  Stephen  of  the  parish  of  Puncheston, 
Perns.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  David  Ivodowick  and  Thomas 
Stephens  of  the  parish  of  Llanegwad,  Carms.,  farmer ; 
witness :  Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  6.  John  Webb,  gent.,  and  Jane  Taylor,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^ 

Oct.  7.  Thomas  Mathew  of  the  parish  of  Llandilofawr,  Carms., 
yeoman,  and  Anne  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llanvynith, 
Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  Thomas  Mathew  ;  witness: 
Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  8.  Nathaniel  Wright,  gent.,  and  Grace  Jones,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Kenarth,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Nathaniel 
Wright ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  16.  William  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Eglwys  Cymmin,  Carms., 
yeoman,  and  Hesther  Morris  of  the  parish  of  Kiffyg,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  William  Lewis  and  Griffith  Evans  of 
the  parish  of  Llandouror,  Carms.,  clerk  ;  witness  :  Dan. 
Williams. 

Oct.  18.  William  Evans,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Morris,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llandissilio,  Carms.^  B.  by  said  William 
Evans  and  Richard  Lewis  of  the  said  parish  of  Llandissilio, 
farmer  ;   witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  18.  William  Williams,  esq.,  and  Dorothy  Lewis,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Cardigan.^ 

Oct.  20.  Rees  Morris  of  the  parish  of  Langathen,  Carms.,  gent.,  and 
Elisabeth  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Landilofawr,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^    B.  by  said  Rees  Morris. 

Oct.  20.  Francis  Price,  gent.,  and  Rebecca  Botting,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llanedy,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Francis  Price 
and  John  Hugh  of  the  parish  of  Llanon,  Carms.,  farmer  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  20.  James  Saer,  gent.,  and  Margaret  Simpson,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Laughame,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  James  Saer 
and  Michael  Saer  of  the  said  parish  of  Laughame,  gent. 

Oct.  27.  Benjamin  William  of  the  parish  of  Lanfynidd,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Catharine  David  of  the  parish  of  Lanegwad, 
Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  Benjamin  William  and  Wil- 
liam Edward  of  the  said  parish  of  Llanfynith,  farmer ; 
witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 
*  Fiat  issued  by  John  Evans,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1784.  165 

Oct.  29.  John  Anderson,  gent.,  and  Elisabeth  Lloyd,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Laugharne,  Carms.^  B.  by  said  John 
Anderson. 

Oct.  30.  William  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Lanfih angel  Yeroth,  Carms., 
yeoman,  and  Anne  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Lanwenog, 
Cards.,  spinster.*  B.  by  said  William  Jones  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  30.  John  I.ewellin  of  the  parish  of  I.anarthney,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Anne  Jones  ol  the  parish  oi  Lanegwad,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  John  Lewellin  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Nov.  4.  David  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Dihewid,  Cards.,  clerk,  and 
Winifred  Rogers  of  the  parish  of  Trevilan,  Cards.,  spinster.* 
B.  by  said  David  Evans. 

Nov.  4.  David  Hughes,  yeoman,  and  Jemima  Davies,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Trelech,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  David  Hughes  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  6.  John  David,  yeoman,  and  Margaret  David,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Trelech,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  John  David  and 
Michael  Rees  of  the  said  parish  of  Trelech  ar  Bettus. 

Nov.  6.  John  Jeremy,  yeoman,  and  Sarah  Evan,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Lanegwad,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  John  Jeremy 
and  Henry  Richard  of  the  same  parish,  yeoman  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  8.  William  Bowen,  gent.,  and  Anne  Rees,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Llanelly,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  William  Bowen  and 
John  Rees  of  the  same  parish,  gent. 

Nov.  15.  Rees  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llanedy,  Carms.,  spinster.* 

Nov.  15.  David  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llanelly,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Mar^'  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Landeveylog,  Carms., 
spinster.*  B.  by  said  David  Thomas  and  Walter  Williams 
of  the  same  parish,  farmer  ;  witness  :  N.  Morgan,  notary 
public. 

Nov.  16.  John  Rees,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Price,  spinster,  a  minor,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Lanedy,  Carms.  With  consent  of  her 
mother.*     B.  by  said  John  Rees. 


1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 


i66  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1784. 

Nov.  17.  Thomas  Thomas,  yeoman,  and  Margaret  David,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  Lansadum,  Carms.^  B.  by  said 
Thomas  Thomas  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  22.  John  Lloyd  of  the  parish  of  Lanwenog,  Cards.,  gent.,  and 
Mary  Parry  of  the  parish  of  Landissiliogogo,  Cards.,  spin- 
ster.^   B.  by  said  John  Lioyd. 

Nov,  24.  John  David  of  the  parish  of  Trelech  ar  Bettus,  Carms., 
yeoman,  and  Elisabeth  Philip  of  the  parish  of  Abemant, 
Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  bj'  said  John  David  and  Michael  Rees 
of  the  said  parish  of  Treleach  ar  Bettus,  farmer. 

Nov.  27.  Joshua  Griffiths  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  Mary  Price  of  the  parish  of  Llanedy,  Carms.,  spinster.* 
B.  by  said  Joshua  Griffiths. 

Dec.  4.  John  Richard  of  the  parish  of  Lanpimsaint,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Sarah  Evan  of  the  parish  of  Langeler,  Carms., 
spinster.*  B.  by  said  John  Richard  and  David  Lewis  of  the 
parish  of  Llanllawthog,  Carms.,  gent. 

Dec.  7.  Thomas  Evan  of  the  parish  of  Silian,  Cards.,  yeoman,  and 
Mary  Evan  of  the  parish  of  Lampiter  pont  Stephen,  Cards., 
spinster.*  B.  by  said  Thomas  Evan  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Dec.  13.  Samuel  W^illiam  of  the  parish  of  Abemant,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  Jenkin  of  the  parish  of  Newchurch,  Carms., 
widow.*    B.  by  said  Samuel  Williams. 

Dec.  15.  John  Philipps  of  the  parish  of  Llandilofawr,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  Florentia  Mary  Bridget  Lloyd  of  the  parish  of  Llan- 
gadock,  Carms.,  spinster.*  B.  by  said  John  Philipps; 
witness  :  N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

Dec.  15.  Griffith  Rowland  of  the  parish  of  Lanarthney,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  Mary  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen, 
widow.*  B.  by  said  Griffith  Rowland  and  John  Evans  of 
the  said  parish  of  Llanarthney  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  18.  John  David  of  the  parish  of  Lanfihangel  Rhos  y  Com, 
Carms.,  yeoman,  and  Sarah  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llany- 
byther,  Carms.,  spinster.*  B.  by  said  John  David  ;  wit- 
ness :  Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  18.     John  Wynne  and  Martha  Aubrey,  Swansea.* 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur.' 

*  This,  with  other  similar  brief  entries,  is  written  on  a  sheet  of  paper 
deposited  amongst  the  marriage  bonds. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1784.  167 

Dec.  22.  John  Pugh,  gent.,  and  Catharine  Williams,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Landebye,  Carms.'     B.  by  said  John  Pugh. 

Dec.  29.  David  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen,  gent., 
and  Lcttice  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  Friestrop,  Perns.,  spin- 
ster.^ B.  by  said  David  Jenkins  and  William  George  of 
Carmarthen,  shopkeeper  ;    witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  29.  Thomas  Jenkins,  gent.,  and  Anne  Richards,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Clydcu,  Pems.'  B.  by  said  Thomas  Jenkins  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 


1785. 

Jan.  3.  William  Jenkin  of  the  parish  of  Langunnor,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Anne  Price  of  the  parish  of  Lanfynidd,  Carms., 
widow. ^  B.  by  said  William  Jenkins  and  Morgan  David  of 
the  said  parish  of  Llanfyuydd  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Jan.  II.  David  Williams,  gent.,  and  Elisabeth  Lloyd,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Penbrey,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  David  Wil- 
liams ;   witness  :    N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

Jan.  14.  Daniel  Price  of  the  parish  of  Kilycomb,  Carms.,  gent.,  and 
Daetitia  Prutherch  of  the  parish  of  Lanfihaiigel  Rhos  y 
Com,  Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  Daniel  Price  ;  witness  : 
N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

Jan.  15.  James  Lewis,  yeoman,  and  Margaret  William,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Lanwinio,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  James  Lewis  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Jan.  15.  Morgan  Morgans  of  the  parish  of  Lanworda,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Sarah  Edwards  of  the  parish  of  Kidwelly,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Morgan  Morgan  and  David  Lake  of 
the  parish  of  Llaugunnor,  Carms.,  gent.  ;  witness :  N. 
Morgan,  notary  public. 

Jan.  17.  Evan  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  Jones  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen, 
widow. ^  B.  by  said  Evan  Rees  and  William  Davies  of  the 
parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms.,  butcher  ;  witness :  Dan. 
Williams. 

Jan.  18.  Peter  Davies,  mariner,  and  Mary  Morris,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Newport,  Perns. ^  B.  by  said  Peter  Davies  and 
John  Nicholas  of  the  same  parish,  mariner  ;  witness  :  Dan. 
Williams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Bur'. 


i68  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1785. 

Jan.  18.  Dan  Lloyd,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Thomas,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Langan,  Carms/  B.  by  said  Dan  Lloyd  and 
Edward  Hicks  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen  ; 
witness  :  N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

Jan.  26.  Rees  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Lanon,  Carms.,  yeoman,  and 
Catharine  Batcock  of  the  parish  of  Laurhidian,  Glam., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Rees  Thomas  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Jan.  28.  Thomas  Makeig  of  the  parish  of  Landygwidd,  Cards.,  gent., 
and  Margaret  Millingchamp  of  the  parish  of  Cardigan,  spin- 
ster.-^ B.  by  said  Thomas  Makeig  and  Thomas  Williams  of 
Carmarthen,  mercer  ;   w  itness  :   N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

Jan.  29.  David  Philip  of  the  parish  of  Abernant,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Jane  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Cynwil  Elvet,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^ B.  by  said  David  Philip  and  Rees  Thomas  of  the  said 
parish  of  Conwill  Elvet ;  witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Jan.  29.  Thomas  Powell,  gent.,  and  Rachel  Evans,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  I,aughame,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Thomas 
Powell  and  John  Powell  of  the  same  place,  gent.  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Feb.  I.  Thomas  Edwards  of  the  parish  of  Kidwelly,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  Margaretta  Leach  of  the  parish  of  St.  Clears,  Carms., 
spinster.^     B.  by  said  Thomas  Edwards. 

Feb.  3.  James  Thomas,  yeoman,  and  Anna  Thomas,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Landyssil,  Cards. ^  B.  by  said  James  Thomas 
and  Edward  Evan  of  Carmarthen,  yeoman  ;  witness  :  John 
Rogers. 

Feb.  5.  Philip  David  of  the  parish  of  I/anvemach,  Pems.,  yeoman, 
and  Hanna  Rogers  of  the  parish  of  Lanwinio,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^ B.  by  said  Philip  David  and  James  Philip  of  the 
same  place,  farmer  ;   witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Feb.  7.  Griffith  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  Swansea,  Glam.,  gent.,  and 
Mary  Hitchiags  of  the  parish  of  Lansamlet,  Glam.,  spin- 
ster.^ B.  by  said  Griffith  Jenkins  and  George  Lyndon  of 
the  said  parish  of  Swansea,  gent.  ;   witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Feb.  8.  Richard  Davies,  clerk,  and  Mary  Davies,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llangeney,  co.  Brecon.''  B.  by  said  Richard 
Davies  and  Christopher  Davies  of  the  said  parish  of  Llan- 
geney, esq.  ;   witness  :   Tho.  Jones,  notary  public. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Bur'. 
*  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Wynter,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1785.  169 

Feb.  12.  William  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Elizabeth  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Car- 
marthen, spinster.^  B.  by  said  William  Davies  and  Griffith 
Rowland  of  Carmarthen,  victualler  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Feb.  12.  Joshuah  Leonard,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Hughes,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  St.  Clears,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  Joshua 
Leonard  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Feb.  12.  Thomas  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Lampiter  pont  Stephen, 
Cards.,  gent.,  and  Elisabeth  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Lan- 
wenog.  Cards.,  widow.*  B.  by  said  Thomas  Morgan  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Feb.  23.  Thomas  Francis  of  the  parish  of  Llangainge,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Mary  Phillip  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen, 
widow.*  B.  by  said  Thomas  Francis  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams.   To  be  married  at  the  chapel  of  Llanllouch. 

Feb.  23.  Thomas  Thomas,  yeoman,  and  Jane  David,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Langadock,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  Thomas 
Thomas  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Feb.  24.  Thomas  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Langeler,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Martha  Howell  of  the  parish  of  Kennarth,  Carms., 
spinster.*  B.  by  said  Thomas  Jones  and  Thomas  Rees  of 
of  the  said  parish  of  Kennarth,  yeoman  ;  witness  :  Dan. 
Williams. 

Feb.  26.  Benjamin  Philipps  of  the  parish  of  Lanfalteg,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Anne  Griffiths  of  the  parish  of  Landewy  Velfrey, 
Pems.,  widow. ^  B.  by  said  Benjamin  PhiUpps  ;  witness: 
Dan.  Williams. 

Mar.  19.  David  William,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Rees,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llanllawddog,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  David 
William  and  Henry  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Llandissil,  Carms., 
farmer  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Apr.  30.  William  Harry  of  the  parish  of  Talley,  Carms.,  yeoman,  and 
Margaret  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Landilofawr,  Carms., 
spinster.*  B.  by  said  William  Harry  and  Samuel  Evans  of 
the  said  parish  of  Talley,  farmer  ;   witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Apr.  30.  Harry  William  of  the  parish  of  Brechva,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Jane  David  of  the  parish  of  Lanegwad,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.* B.  by  said  Harry  William  and  John  Davies  of  the 
said  parish  of  Llanegwad  ;   witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 
'  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 


170  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1785. 

May  II.  Morris  Richard  of  the  parish  of  Kennarth,  Canns.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  Griffith  of  the  parish  of  Llandydoch,  Cards,  [sic], 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Morris  Richard  and  James  Richard  of 
the  same  parish,  farmer  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

May  14.  Evan  Brown,  yeoman,  and  Jane  Harry,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Laughame,  Carms.^  B.  by  said  Evan  Brown 
and  David  Harry  of  the  said  parish  of  Laughame,  yeoman  ; 
witness  :  N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

May  16.  William  Langdon  of  the  parish  of  Langeler,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  Margaret  Rogers  of  the  parish  of  Ystrad,  Cards.,  spin- 
ster ^  B  by  said  William  Langdon  ;  witness  :  N.  Morgan, 
notary  public. 

May  17.  Evan  Daniel  of  the  parish  of  Danybyther,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Sarah  David  of  the  parish  of  Llanlloony,  Carms., 
widow. ^  B.  by  said  Evan  Daniel;  witness:  N.  Morgan, 
notary  public. 

May  21.  David  John  of  the  parish  of  Mydrim,  Carms.,  yeoman,  and 
Jane  Price  of  the  parish  of  Lanfihangel  Abercowin,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  David  John  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

May  25.  Evan  Davies,  gent.,  and  Mary  Philipps,  widow,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Lanelly,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Evan  Davies  ;  wit- 
ness :  Dan.  Williams. 

May  31.  Evan  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Lanfihangel  Rhos  y  Com, 
Carms.,  yeoman,  and  Diana  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llan- 
llawthog,  Carms.,  widow.^ 

May  31.  James  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Monington,  Pems.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  James  of  Moylgrove,  Pems.,  spinster.^  B.  by 
said  James  Rees  and  Samuel  Deykes  of  Carmarthen,  sadler  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Jun.  I.  John  Evan  of  the  parish  of  Lansadum,  Carms.,  yeoman,  and 
Jane  John  of  the  parish  of  Talley,  Carms.,  widow. ^ 

Jun.  3.  Thomas  Edwards,  gent.,  and  Margaret  Jones,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Landilovawr,  Carms. "^  B.  by  said  Thomas 
Edwards  and  David  Lake  of  the  parish  of  Llangunnor, 
Carms.,  gent.  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Jun.  3.  Samuel  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llanlloony,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Anne  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Pencarreg,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Samuel  Thomas  and  Evan  Joshua  of 
the  said  parish  of  Llanlloony,  farmer  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1785.  171 

Jun.  4.  Edward  Jones  Bowen  of  the  parish  of  Abcrgwilly,  Carms., 
gent.,  and  Mary  Bowcu  of  the  parish  of  Cynwilgaio,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Edward  Jones  Bowen  and  Thomaa 
Williams  of  Carmartlien,  gent.  ;    witness  :    Charles  Morgan. 

Jim.  7.  David  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen,  yeo- 
man, and  Mary  James  of  the  parish  of  Cynwil  Elvct,  Carms., 
widow.* 

Jun.  25,  Harry  David  of  the  parish  of  Lauwrda,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Margaret  Nicholas  of  the  parish  of  Cynwilgaio,  Carms., 
spinster.*  B.  by  said  Harry  David  and  William  Thomas  of 
the  said  parish  of  Conwilgaio,  cordwainer  ;  witness  :  Dan. 
Williams. 

Jim.  30.  David  Hugh  of  the  parish  of  Llanfihangel  Geneurglyn, 
Cards.,  yeoman,  and  Elizabeth  Daniel  of  the  parish  ot 
Llangynfelin,  Cards.,  spinster.* 

Jun.  30.  Thomas  John  of  the  parish  of  Bettws  Bledrws,  Cards., 
yeoman,  and  Mary  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Ystrad,  Cards., 
widow.* 

Jul.  I.  Josiah  William  of  the  parish  of  Llanwinio,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Esther  Lloyd  of  the  parish  of  Llanboidy,  spinster.' 
B.  by  said  Josiah  William  ;   witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Jul.  4.  John  Prosser,  gent.,  and  Margaret  Hughes,  spinster,  both  ot 
the  parish  of  Kidwelly,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  John  Prosser  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Jul.  II.  Evan  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Lanegwad,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Landewy  Brevy,  Cards., 
spinster.*  B.  by  said  Evans  Jones  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Jul.  1 1 .  Michael  Maligere,  yeoman,  and  Susannah  Michael,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.*  B.  by  said 
Michael  Maligere  and  Anthony  Michael  of  Carmarthen, 
fisherman  ;   witness  :   N.  Morgan. 

Jul.  23.  David  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Lanwnnen,  Cards.,  gent.,  and 
Jane  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Lampiter  pont  Stephen, 
Cards.,  spinster.*  B.  by  said  David  Morgan  and  Thomas 
Jones  of  Carmarthen,  victualler  ;  witness  :  Daniel  Williams. 

Jul.  26.  John  Laughame  of  Laughame,  Carms.,  gent.,  and  Charlott 
Elliot  of  the  same  place,  spinster.  B.  by  said  John 
Laughame  ;   witness  :    N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 
*  Fiat  issued  by  Isaac  Williams,  Sur'. 


172  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1785. 

Jul.  30.  Rees  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Mydrim,  Carms.,  gent.,  and 
Mary  Philipps  of  the  parish  of  Lanfallteg,  Carms.,  spinster.^ 
B.  by  said  Rees  Williams  ;  witness  :  N.  Morgan,  notary 
public. 

Jul.  30.  William  Williams,  gent.,  and  Catharine  Morris,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^  B.  by  said 
William  Williams  and  James  Athoe  of  the  said  parish  of  St. 
Peter,  gent.  ;  witness  :  Charles  Morgan. 

Aug.  5.  William  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Lanvernach,  Pems.,  gent., 
and  Elisabeth  Bowen  of  the  parish  of  Langlwydwen,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  WUliam  Lewis ;  witness :  Dan. 
Williams. 

Aug.  9.  John  Lewis,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Evan,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Trelech  ar  Bettws,  Carms.^  B.  by  said  John  Lewis 
and  David  Evan  of  the  same  parish,  yeoman  ;  witness  :  N. 
Morgan,  notary  public. 

Aug.  II.  WUliam  Hopkin  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen, 
yeoman,  and  Elisabeth  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Langunnor, 
Carms.,  widow.^  B.  by  said  William  Hopkin  and  Thomas 
Jones  of  the  said  parish  of  St.  Peter,  victualler  ;  witness  : 
N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

Aug.  13.  Thomas  Harries  of  the  parish  of  Newport,  Pems.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Lanelly,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.-^ B.  by  said  Thomas  Harries  and  John  Williams  of 
the  parish  of  Llanelly,  shoemaker  ;  witness  :  N.  Morgan, 
notary  public. 

Aug.  15.  Evan  Joseph,  yeoman,  and  Rachel  Evan,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Landyssil,  Cards. ^  B.  by  said  Evan  Joseph 
and  John  Lewis,  junior,  of  Carmarthen  ;  witness  :  Thomas 
Williams. 

Aug.  16.  Thomas  Nicholas  of  the  parish  of  Llewel,  co.  Brecon,  yeo- 
man, and  Mary  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Landilo-vane,  co . 
Brecon,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  Thomas  Nicholas  and  William 
Williams  of  the  said  parish  of  Llewel,  yeoman  ;  witness  : 
N.  Morgan,  deputy  registrar  and  notary  public. 

Aug.  23.  John  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Langadock,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Jane  Nicholas  of  the  parish  of  Landdoysant,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  John  Jones  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1785.  173 

Sep.  3.  Thomas  Nicholas  of  the  parish  of  Lanfemach,  Pems.,  yeo- 
man, and  Jennet  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Trclech  ar  Bettws, 
Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  Thomas  Nicholas  and  Thomas 
Thomas  of  the  said  parish  of  Trelech  ar  Bettws,  farmer  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  6.  Thomas  Owen  of  the  parish  of  Langolman,  Pems.,  yeoman, 
and  Dorothy  Twyny  of  the  parish  of  Lankeven,  Pems., 
widow.* 

Sep.  7.  David  Richard  of  the  parish  of  Kellan,  Cards.,  yeoman,  and 
Rachel  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Bettws  Bledrws,  Cards.,  spin- 
ster.* 

Oct.  I.  Walter  Arnold,  yeoman,  and  Anne  Philipps,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Lanelly,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  Walter  Arnold 
and  John  Morgan  of  the  said  parish  of  Llanelly,  weaver  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  5.  George  Howell  of  the  parish  of  St.  Clears,  Carms  ,  victualler, 
and  Mary  David  of  the  parish  of  Llanvihangel  Abercowin, 
Carms.,  widow. ^ 

Oct.  5.  Daniel  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Llandissyl,  Cards.,  yeoman, 
and  Margaret  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  Llanhanel  Yeroth, 
Carms.,  widow.* 

Oct.  7.  Thomas  Eowen,  gent.,  and  Elinor  Davies,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Lanegwad,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  Thomas  Bowen 
and  Owen  Morris  of  Carmarthen,  gent.  ;  witness :  Dan. 
Williams. 

Oct.  10.  John  Thomas,  yeoman,  and  Mary  William,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Lansadum,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  John 
Thomas  ;  Witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  15.  John  David,  yeoman,  and  Jane  Bowen,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Landyssil,  Care's.*    B.  by  said  John  David. 

Oct,  22.  Evan  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Lansawel,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Sarah  David  of  the  parish  of  Lanfynidd,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.*   B.  by  said  Evan  Thomas  ;   witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  26.  John  Davies,  gent.,  and  Lettice  Davies,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llanwenog,  Cards.*  B.  by  said  John  Davies 
and  Thomas  Gower  of  the  said  parish  of  Llanwenog,  gent. ; 
witness :  Dan.  Williams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur.' 

»  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 


174  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1785. 

Oct.  29.  David  Hugh  of  the  parish  of  Lanelly,  Carms.,  yeoman,  and 
Anne  Saunders  of  the  parish  of  Lanon,  Carms.,  spinster.* 
B.  by  said  David  Hugh  ;  witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  I.  William  Philipps,  yeoman,  and  Letitia  Rees,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^  B.  by  said  William 
Philipps  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  3.  William  Rees,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Lodowick,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Lanegwad,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  William 
Rees  and  John  Jones  of  the  said  parish  of  Llanegwad,  gent.  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  4.  Isaac  Bailey  of  the  parish  of  Margam,  Glam.,  gent.,  and 
Susannah  Teague  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen, 
spinster.*     B.  by  said  Isaac  Bailey. 

Nov.  4.  Richard  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Lampiter  Velfrey,  Perns., 
gent.,  and  Martha  Griffith  of  the  parish  of  Landewy  Velfrey, 
Perns.,  spinster.*  B.  by  said  Richard  Jones ;  witness : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  5.  William  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Lanfihangel  Aberby thick, 
Carms.,  yeoman,  and  Elisabeth  John  of  the  parish  of  Lan- 
arthney,  Carms.,  spinster.*    B.  by  said  William  Thomas. 

Nov.  9.  Thomas  Griffith  of  the  parish  of  St.  Ismael,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Frances  Griffiths  of  the  parish  of  Langendeim,  Carms., 
spinster.*  B.  by  said  Thomas  Griffiths  and  John  Edward 
of  the  said  parish  of  St.  Ismaels. 

Nov.  10.  Henry  Charles,  yeoman,  and  Margaret  Rees,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Landyssil,  Cards.*  B.  by  said  Henry 
Charles  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  10.  Benjamin  Morris  of  the  parish  of  Lansadumen,  Carms., 
yeoman,  and  Jane  Hancock  of  the  parish  of  Lampiter 
Velfrey,  Perns.,  spinster.*  B.  by  said  Benjamin  Morris ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  II.  Isaac  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  St.  Issel,  Pems.,  gent.,  and 
Mary  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Bigelly,  Pems.,  spinster.*  B. 
by  said  Isaac  Lewis  and  Isaac  Thomas  of  the  said  parish  of 
Begelly,  gent.  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  14.  John  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Abemant,  Carms.,  gent.,  and 
Mary  WUliams  of  the  parish  of  Langunnog,  Carms.,  widow.^ 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1785.  175 

Nov.  14.  Harry  Jabetli,  yeoman,  aud  Alice  Lewis,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Languke,  Glam/  B.  by  said  Harry  Jabeth  ; 
■witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  14.  Thomas  Michael,  yeoman,  and  Elisabeth  William,  widow, 
both  of  the  parish  of  Lanarthney,  Carms.* 

Nov.  14.  Thomas  Rees,  yeoman,  and  Elisabeth  Harries,  spinster, 
botli  of  the  parish  of  Lanegwad,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  Thomas 
Rees  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  28.  Robert  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Kidwelly,  Carms.,  gent.,  and 
Ehsabeth  Harries  of  the  parish  of  Lanegwad,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^ B.  by  said  Robert  Jones  and  Edward  Gower  of  the 
parish  of  St.  Ismael,  Carms.,  gent. 

Dec.  3.  Morgan  David  of  the  parish  of  Lanfynidd,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Jemima  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Talley,  Carms.,  spinster.^ 
B.  by  said  Morgan  David  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  5.  Samuel  Williams,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Evan,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Lanybydder,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Samuel 
Williams  and  Howell  Davies  of  Carmarthen,  cordwainer. 

Dec.  10.  Benjamin  Davies  of  the  parish  of  KUgerran,  Pems.,  yeoman, 
and  Margaret  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Lansawel,  Carms., 
spinster.^    B.  by  said  Benjamin  Davies. 

Dec.  12.  David  Roberts,  gent.,  and  Mary  Thomas,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^  B.  by  said  David 
Roberts  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  17.  John  Grifl&th,  yeoman,  and  Sarah  Evan,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  LanfihEingel  Yeroth,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  John 
GriflBth  and  John  Evan  of  the  said  parish  of  Llanfihangel 
Yeroth,  farmer  ;   witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  22.  Samuel  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Conwilgaio,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Margaret  Harry  of  the  parish  of  Talley,  Carms., 
widow.  ^ 

Dec.  26.  John  Harry  of  the  parish  of  Llanegwad,  Carms.,  shop- 
keeper, and  Sarah  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Car- 
marthen, spinster.^ 

Dec.  28.  Rees  Griffiths  of  the  parish  of  Talley,  Carms.,  yeoman,  and 
Catharine  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Landevyson,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Rees  Griffiths  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur.' 


176  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1786. 

Dec.  30.  William  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Lanelly,  Canns.,  yeoman,  and 
Anne  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Langennych,  Carms.,  spinster.^ 
B.  by  said  William  Rees  and  Rees  William  of  the  said  parish 
of  Llangennech,  farmer  ;  witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

1786. 

Jan.  3.  David  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Landewy  Velfrey,  Perns.,  gent., 
and  Elisabeth  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen, 
spinster.^  To  be  married  at  Llanllwch  by  ye  consent  of  the 
vicar  of  Carmarthen. 

Jan.  4.  John  Benjamin  of  the  parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carms.,  yeo 
man,  and  Mary  John  of  the  parish  of  Cynwill,  Carms. 
widow.*    It  is  endorsed  '  1786.' 

Jan.  5.  John  Edward  of  the  parish  of  Langynnidd,  co.  Brecon 
yeoman,  and  Elisabeth  Woolcock  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter 
Carmarthen,  spinster.^ 

Jan.  9.       Henry  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Landilovawr,  Carms.,  yeo 
man,  and  Mary  Nicholas  of  the  parish  of  Talle>,  Carms. 
spinster.^    B.  by  said  Henry  Thomas  and  William  Thomas 
of  the  said  parish  of  Talley  ;    witness  :    N.  Morgan,  notary 
public. 

Jan.  II.  William  David  of  the  parish  of  Penbrey,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Maria  Davies  of  the  parish  of  St.  Ismael,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  William  David  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Jan.  II.  David  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Trefthin,  co.  Mon.,  gent.,  and 
Hannah  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Troedyroir,  Cards.,  widow.'^ 

Jan.  20.  Edward  Davies,  farmer,  and  Anne  Thomas,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Talley,  Carms.*    B.  by  said  Edward  Davies. 

Jan.  21,  David  Williams,  yeoman,  and  Elinor  Jones,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Llanlloony,  Carms.'^  B.  by  said  David  Wil- 
liams and  John  Jones  of  the  said  parish  of  Llanlloony, 
yeoman  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Feb.  4,  John  Howell,  yeoman,  and  Margaret  Philip,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Trelech  ar  Bettws,  Carms.^  B.  by  said  John 
Howell  and  David  Philip  of  the  same  parish,  yeoman  ; 
witness  :  N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

Feb.  6.  Thomas  Mansel  of  the  parish  of  St.  Mary,  Pembroke,  gent., 
and  Margaret  Poyer  of  the  parish  of  Newton,  Perns.,  widow.^ 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 

*  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1786.  177 

Feb.  10.  Evan  Jones,  yeoman,  and  Anne  Morgan,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Kellau,  Cards.*  B.  by  said  Evan  Jones  and 
John  Francis  of  the  parish  of  Lanegwad,  Carms.  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Feb.  II.  John  Edward  of  the  parish  of  Lanwrda,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Jane  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Langadock,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.*    B.  by  said  John  Edward. 

Feb.  II.  William  Evans,  clerk,  and  Jennet  Rees,  widow,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Landeveylog,  Carms.* 

Feb.  25.  Daniel  Fisher  of  the  parish  of  Lanfyuidd,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Anne  David  of  the  parish  of  Landilofawr,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.*    B.  by  said  Daniel  Fisher  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Mar.  2.  Thomas  Davies,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Stonehewer,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.*  B.  by  said 
Thomas  Davies  and  Hugh  Stonehewer  of  Carmarthen, 
victualler  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Mar.  4.  John  Thomas,  yeoman,  and  Hesther  John,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Trelech  ar  Bettws,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  John 
Thomas  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Mar.  20.  John  Thomas,  yeoman,  and  Joan  Williams,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Landilofawr,  Carms.* 

Mar.  20.  Isaac  Williams,  yeoman,  and  Jemima  Thomas,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  Kilycomb,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  Isaac 
Williams  and  Thomas  Owens  ;   witness  :   Thomas  Williams. 

Mar.  24.  Griffith  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen,  yeo- 
man, and  Margaret  Dyer  of  the  parish  of  Llanllawthog, 
Carms.,  widow.* 

Mar.  24.  John  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen,  yeo- 
man, and  Mary  Fisher  of  the  parish  of  Lanfihangel  Aber- 
bythich,  Carms.,  spinster.*  B.  by  said  John  Thomas; 
witness :  Dan.  Williams. 

Apr.  I.  Gabriel  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Llangolman,  Perns.,  yeoman, 
and  Sarah  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llanwinio,  Carms., 
widow.* 

Apr.  II.  David  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Mothvey,  Carms.,  and  Sarah 
Williams  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen,  spinster.* 


1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 

•  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur*. 


178  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1786. 

Apr.  15.  Thomas  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Lanegwad,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Priscilla  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Thomas  Lewis  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Apr.  22.  Rev.  James  Rowlandes  of  the  parish  of  Llandewy  Brevy, 
Cards.,  clerk,  and  Winifred  Lloyd  of  the  parish  of  Llanfair 
Clydogau,  Cards.,  spinster.*  B.  by  said  James  Rowlandes 
and  William  Davies  of  Carmarthen,  victualler  ;  witness  : 
N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

Apr.  24.  David  Jones,  widower,  and  Margaret  Morgan,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Llangathen,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  David 
Jones  and  David  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney, 
Carms.,  farmer  ;  witness  :   N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

May  5.  Benjamin  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Penbryn,  Cards.,  yeoman, 
and  Anne  Davis  of  the  parish  of  Aberporth,  Cards.,  spinster.* 

May  5.  James  Jones,  yeoman,  and  Sarah  Davis,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Kidwelly,  Carms.* 

May  9.  William  Daniel  of  the  parish  of  Llanegwad,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Jane  Griffiths  of  the  parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carms., 
spinster.* 

May  13.  Griffith  Clement  of  the  parish  of  Llannon,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  Hugh  of  the  parish  of  Llantharog,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.* B.  by  said  Griffith  Clement;  witness:  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

May  13.  Thomas  Francis  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen, 
yeoman,  and  Mary  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney, 
Carms.,  widow.* 

May  18.  William  Rees,  farmer,  and  Margaret  David,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Lansadurn,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  William 
Rees  ;   witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

May  20.  John  Jack  of  the  parish  of  Llanarchiron,  Cards.,  yeoman, 
and  Margaret  Morris  of  Carmarthen,  spinster.*  B.  by  said 
John  Jack  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

May  23.  David  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Llanstephan,  Carms.,  mariner, 
and  Anne  Davy  of  the  parish  of  Carmarthen,  spinster.* 
B.  by  said  David  Evans  and  William  Beynon  of  Carmarthen, 
yeoman  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 

2  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1786.  179 

May  2^.  Thomas  Richards  of  the  parish  of  Lanwiiiio,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  Mary  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Henllan  Amgoed,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Thomas  Richards  and  John  Richards 
of  the  parish  of  Trelech  ar  Eettws,  Carms.,  gent. 

May  31.  David  Boweu,  yeoman,  and  Mary  David,  widov;,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Landilovawr,  Carms. ^ 

May  31.  John  Lewis,  yeoman,  and  Sarah  John,  widow,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carms. ^ 

Jim.  3.  Thomas  Morgan,  farmer,  and  Rachel  William,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms. ^ 

Jun.  14.  Joseph  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Lanelly,  Carms.,  gent.,  and 
Mary  Long  of  the  parish  of  Langennych,  Carms.,  spinster.^ 
B.  by  said  Joseph  Jones. 

Jvm.  17.  Samuel  John,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Owen,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  ot  Landowror,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Samuel  John 
and  Griffith  Howell  of  the  said  parish  of  Landowror,  farmer. 

Jvm.  20.     Thomas  Morgan,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Price,  widow,  both  of 

the  parish  of  Landebye,  Carms.^ 
Jim.  24.     Josuah  Jenkin  of  the  parish  of  Mydrim,  Carms.,    yeoman, 

and  Elisabeth  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Lanboidy,  Carms., 

spinster.^ 

Jun.  24.  Thomas  Thomas,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Philip,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Lanelly,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Thomas 
Thomas. 

Jul.  5.  Thomas  Griffiths  of  the  parish  of  Kellan,  Cards.,  gent.,  and 
Hannah  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llanfair  Cledoge,  Cards., 
spinster.* 

Jul.  5.  Benjamin  Jenkins,  yeoman  and  Margaret  Evans,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  Llanfair  Cledoge,  Cards.* 

Jul.  12.  Evan  John  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms.,  widower, 
and  Elizabeth  Philipps  of  the  parish  of  Llandeveilog,  Carms., 
spinster.*  B.  by  said  Evan  John  ;  witness :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Jul.  13.  William  Fountain  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen, 
farmer,  and  Mary  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  Newchurch, 
widow.* 

Jul.  14.  David  Hughes,  clerk,  and  Elinor  Griffiths,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llanarth,  Cards.*  B.  by  said  David  Hughes  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 

*  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 


i8o  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1786. 

Jul.  15.  David  Stephens  and  Jane  Griffith,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^ 

Jul.  23.  David  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  I,lanwnnen,  Cards,  gent., 
and  Jane  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Lampiter  pont  Stephen, 
Cards.^ 

Aug.  12.  John  David  of  the  parish  of  Llangevelach,  Glam.,  yeoman, 
and  Elizabeth  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Llandilo  Talybont, 
Glam.,  spinster.  B.  by  said  John  David  ;  witness  :  Dan. 
Williams. 

Aug.  12.  John  Dewis  of  the  parish  of  Llangevelach,  Glam.,  gent.,  and 
Lucy  Jerviss  of  the  parish  of  Killybebill,  Glam.,  spinster.^ 
B.  by  said  John  Lewis  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Aug.  22.  Isaac  Philips,  mariner,  and  Mary  White,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^ 

Sep.  2.  Evan  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Llanfynydd,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Margaret  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llandilo,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Evan  Williams  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Sep.  4.  Joseph  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  Skenferth,  co.  Mon.,  car- 
penter, and  Anna  Watkins  of  the  parish  of  Martletwy, 
Pems.,  spinster.^    B.  by  said  Joseph  Jenkins. 

Sep.  9.  John  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llanllony,  Carms.,  yeoman,  and 
Mary  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llanfynnydd,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^    B.  by  said  John  Jones. 

Sep.  12.  Rees  Morgan,  yeoman,  and  Anne  James,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llansawel,  Carms.^ 

Sep.  26.  Anthony  Moses,  yeoman,  and  Hannah  John,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Lanegwad,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Anthony 
Moses  and  William  Lewis  of  the  said  parish  of  Llanegwad, 
mason  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  30.  David  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llanlwny,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  Llewellyn  of  the  parish  of  Llanvehangel-eroth, 
Carms.,  spinster.^    B.  by  said  David  Jones. 

Oct.  2.  John  Harris  of  the  parish  of  Bettus,  Carms.,  yeoman,  and 
Anne  Manwairing  of  the  parish  of  Llandibye,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^   B.  by  said  John  Harris  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  3.  John  Lewis,  gent.,  and  Bridget  Brigstock,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Lampiter  Velfrey,  Pems.^  B.  by  said  John 
Lewis  ;   witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 

2  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1786.  181 

Oct.  5.  Lewis  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Caio,  Carms.,  yeoman,  and 
Sarah  Roderick  of  the  parish  of  Llampeter  pont  Stephen, 
Cards.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  Lewis  Thomas  ;  witness : 
Dau.  WilUams. 

Oct.  II.  John  Protheroe  of  the  parish  of  Egermont,  Carms.,  esq., 
and  Lucia  Cordelia  Skyrme  of  the  parish  of  Llawhadon, 
Pem.s.,  spinster. 

Oct.  14.  Thomas  Morris  of  the  parish  of  Llanfehangel  Penbedew, 
Perns.,  gent.,  and  Anna  Howell  of  the  parish  of  Llauboidy, 
Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  Thomas  Morris  and  David 
Thomas  of  Carmarthen,  mercer  ;  witness  :  N.  Morgan, 
notary  public. 

Oct.  14.  Hugh  Stonehewer  of  Carmarthen,  gent.,  and  Mary  Brooks 
of  the  parish  of  Narberth,  Pems.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said 
Hugh  Stonehewer  ;   witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  18.  William  Rees,  yeoman,  and  Jane  Davies,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Kellan,  Cards. ^  B.  by  said  William  Rees  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  26.  Evan  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Llanguby,  Cards.,  clerk,  and 
Mary  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llanfair  Clodogau,  Cards., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Evan  Williams  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Oct.  28.  Griffith  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llanddarog,  Carms.,  clerk, 
and  Sarah  Griffith  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms., 
widow. 

Oct.  31.  Griffith  Jones,  yeoman,  and  Elizabeth  Thomas,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  Kellan,  Cards.^  B.  by  said  Griffith 
Jones  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  31.  William  Williams,  yeoman,  and  Elizabeth  Rogers,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  Llangaddock,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said 
William  Williams  ;    witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  6.  William  Gwynne  of  the  parish  of  Moelgrove,  Pems.,  gent., 
and  Elisabeth  Phillips  of  the  parish  of  St.  Dogmels,  Pems., 
spinster.^     At  Moelgrove. 

Nov.  7.  John  Anney,  gent.,  and  Jane  Rice,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.'  B.  by  said  John  Anney  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  9.  Samuel  Joseph  of  the  parish  of  Llandissil,  Cards.,  farmer, 
and  Jane  Evan  of  the  parish  of  Llangeler,  Carms.,  spinster.^ 

1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 

2  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 

3  Fiat  issued  by  John  Evans,  Sur'. 


i82  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1786. 

Nov.  9.  William  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Conwil  Caio,  Carms., 
clerk,  and  Eleanor  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Llandefysant, 
Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  William  Williams  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  14.  John  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llaugharne,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  Bowen  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen, 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  John  Davies;  witness:  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Nov.  14.  Benjamin  GrilB&th  of  the  parish  of  Mannardivy,  Pems., 
gent.,  and  Mary  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llanwinio,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Benjamin  Griffiths  ;  witness  :  Dan, 
Williams. 

Nov.  17.  Samuel  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Kidwelly,  Carms.,  mariner, 
and  Margaret  Williams  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmar- 
then, spinster.^  B.  by  said  Samuel  Jones  and  Herbert 
Lloyd  of  Carmarthen  ;   witness  :    N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

Nov.  18.  Evan  Jenkin  of  the  parish  of  Lanbadarn  Odyn,  Cards., 
yeoman,  and  Elisabeth  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Caron» 
Cards.,  spinster.*  B.  by  said  Evan  Jenkins  and  John  Jones 
of  the  parish  of  Gunnws,  Cards.,  yeoman  ;  witness  :  Dan. 
Williams. 

Nov.  28.  Thomas  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  LlanhamuU,  co.  Brecon, 
farmer,  and  Elizabeth  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llanfihangel 
Abercowin,  Carms.,  widow. ^ 

Dec.  2.  David  Jones,  farmer,  and  Jane  Davies,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llangenach,  Carms.^  B.  by  said  David  Jones. 
Signed  '  David  Johnes.' 

Dec.  12.  Edward  Hughes  of  the  parish  of  St.  Mary,  Tenby,  clerk, 
and  Sarah  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Llanfihangel  Yeroth, 
Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  Edward  Hughes;  witness: 
Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  14.  Moses  Closs,  yeoman,  and  Sarah  Palmer,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llaugharne,  Carms. "^  B.  by  said  Moses  Closs  ; 
witness:  Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  16.  Henry  Simon,  yeoman,  and  Rebecca  Lewis,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llangenech,  Carms. ^ 

Dec.  20.  Thomas  Llewellyn,  yeoman,  and  Margaret  Jones,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^  B.  by  said 
Thomas  Llewellyn  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 


1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 
*  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1786.  183 

Dec.  27.  John  William  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Llaufynydd,  Carms., 
farmer,  and  Elizabeth  David  of  the  parish  of  Tallcy,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  John  William  Lewis  and  Harry  Phillip 
of  the  said  parish  of  Llanfynydd,  farmer  ;  witness  :  Dan. 
Williams. 

Dec.  29.  David  Watkiu  of  the  parish  of  Llandissiliogogo,  Cards., 
gent.,  and  Jane  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llanarth,  Cards., 
spinster.*  B.  by  said  David  Watkins  and  David  Thomas 
of  the  said  parish  of  Llandissiliogogo,  farmer  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 

1787. 

Jan.  10.  Walter  Miller  of  tlie  parish  of  St.  Bottols  in  the  city  of 
London,  gent.,  and  Martha  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llan- 
gaddock,  Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  Walter  Miller  ; 
witness:  Dan.  Williams.  The  fiat  is  dated  1786,  but  the 
bond  is  dated  1787. 

Jan.  16.  William  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Llangaddock,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Sarah  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llandilovawr,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  William  Lewis  ;  witness  :  N.  Morgan, 
notary  public. 

Jan.  18.  Edward  Tyer  of  the  parish  of  Swansea,  Glam.,  gent.,  and 
Jane  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Landebye,  Carms.,  spinster.* 
B.  by  said  Edward  Tyer  ;   witness  :   Thomas  \\'illiams. 

Jan.  23.  David  Morries,  gent.,  and  Margaret  Philipps,  widow,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Llangunnor,  Carms. ^ 

Jan.  24.  John  Samuel,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Evan,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llandysil,  Cards. ^    B.  by  said  John  Samuel. 

Jan.  25.  Henry  Phillips,  gent.,  and  Mary  Lewis,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  St.  Mary,  Pembroke.^  B.  by  said  Henry  Phillips  ; 
witness  :  N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

Jan.  29.  Thomas  Vaughan  of  the  parish  of  Llangendeirne,  Carms., 
farmer,  and  Jane  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llandevilog, 
Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  Thomas  Vaughan  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Feb.  12.  Evan  Job,  yeoman,  and  Margaret  Jones,  spinster,  both  o^ 
the  parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carms. ^ 


1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 
*  Fiat  issued  by  John  Evans,  Sur'. 


184  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1787. 

Feb.  14.  Johu  Owen,  farmer,  and  Jane  Jenkins,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Llandibie,  Carms/  B.  by  said  John  Owen  and 
Richard  Thomas  of  the  same  parish,  mason  :  witness : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Mar.  3.  John  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Llanbydder,  Carms.,  carpenter, 
and  Frances  John  of  the  parish  of  Ystrad,  Cards.,  spinster.^ 
B.  by  said  John  Evans  and  James  Jones  of  the  said  parish 
of  Llanybyther,  farmer  ;   witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Mar.  5.  David  Rees,  farmer,  and  Anne  Evans,  widow,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Pencarreg,  Carms. ■^ 

Mar.  7.  John  Dunn  of  Carmarthen,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Thomas  of 
the  parish  of  Llandilofawr,  Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said 
John  Dunn. 

Mar.  12.  David  John  of  the  parish  of  Llangunnog,  Carms.,  shoe- 
maker, and  Mary  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  Llanstephan, 
Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  David  John;  witnesses: 
Thomas  Williams  ;  Dan.  Williams. 

Mar.  22.  William  Lewis,  farmer,  and  Mary  Williams,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Llanfynidd,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  William 
Lewis  and  Lewis  Lewis  of  the  said  parish  of  Llanfynidd, 
shoemaker  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Mar.  24.  David  James  of  the  parish  of  Llaugunnor,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Margaret  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Llanelly,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^ B.  by  said  David  James  and  William  Bowen  of  the 
said  parish  of  Llanelly,  gent.  ;   witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Apr.  6.  Henry  Thomas,  farmer,  and  Mary  Williams,  spmster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Llanfynidd,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Henry 
Tnomas  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Apr.  7.  Rees  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Llangi'bby,  Cards.,  gent.,  and 
Jane  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Kellan,  Cards.,  spinster.^  B. 
by  said  Rees  Morgan  and  Evan  Daniel  of  the  parish  of 
Llandewey  Brevy,  Cards.,  carpenter  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Apr.  27.  William  Williams,  gent.,  and  Mary  Charles,  spinster,  both 
of  Carmarthen.^  B.  by  said  William  Williams  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 

May  10.  Thomas  Davies,  farmer,  and  Anne  Charles,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llangathen,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Thomas 
Davies  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  17S7.  185 

May  18.  Francis  Jones,  gent.,  and  Rose  Jenkins,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Laugharne,  Carms.'  B.  by  said  Francis  Jones  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

May  26.  David  Howell,  farmer,  and  Jane  Thomas,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  LlanncUy,  Carms.^  B.  by  said  David  Howell ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Jun.  4.  Thomas  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Laudilovawr,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Elinor  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Laudeveyson,  Carms., 
spinster.*  B.  by  said  Thomas  Rees  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Jun.  9.  Daniel  Edward,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Howell,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Laudeveylog,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Daniel 
Edwards  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Jun.  13.  Rees  Evan,  weaver,  and  Hester  Lewis,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Llanboidy,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  Rees  Evan ; 
witness  :  Dan.  W'illiams. 

Jun.  23.  David  Evan,  farmer,  and  Mary  Williams,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llanarthnej',  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  David  Evan  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Jul.  7.  Thomas  Scourfield  of  the  parish  of  Llanboidy,  Carms., 
farmer,  and  Elizabeth  Sinclair  of  the  parish  of  Llangan, 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Thomas  Scourfield  and  Philip  Scour- 
field  of  the  parish  of  Llanginning,  Carms.,  farmer  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  W^illiams. 

Jul.  13.  John  Whittle  of  the  parish  of  Narberth,  Pems.,  linen-draper, 
and  Martha  Webb  of  the  parish  of  Mannorbeer,  Perns., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  John  Whittle  and  James  Thomas  of 
the  parish  of  Lampiter  Velfrey,  Perns.,  gent.  ;  witness : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Jul.  21.  Henry  Price,  yeoman,  and  Jane  Owens,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^  B.  by  said  Henry 
Price  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Jul.  28.  John  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  Llangevelach,  Glam.,  farmer, 
and  Alice  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llansamlet,  Glam.,  spin- 
ster.^ B.  by  said  John  Jenkins  and  Leyson  Loughor  of  the 
said  parish  of  Llangevelach,  yeoman  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Aug.  2.  William  John  of  the  parish  of  Llangathen,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Elizabeth  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Llanegwad,  Carms., 
widow. ^ 

^  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 
2  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 


1 86  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1787. 

Aug.  8.  James  Reynolds  of  the  parish  of  Langrannog,  Cards.,  gent., 
and  Anne  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Penbryn,  Cards.,  spinster.^ 
B.  by  said  James  Reynolds  and  Edward  Jones  Bowen  of 
Rhywdowill,  Carms.,  gent.  ;   witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Aug.  15.  William  Howells  of  the  parish  of  Llampiter  Velfrey,  Perns., 
farmer,  and  Mary  Ormond  of  the  parish  of  Llawhaden, 
Pems.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  William  Howells  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Aug.  18.  Thomas  Freeman  of  the  parish  of  Llannon,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  Mary  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Llannelly,  Carms.,  spinster.* 
B.  by  said  Thomas  Freeman  ;   witness  :   Daniel  L,ewys. 

Aug.  18.  John  Owen,  farmer,  and  Sarah  Watt,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Laughame,  Carms.*  B.  by  said  John  Owen  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Aug.  18.  John  Williams  of  the  parish  of  I,landevilog,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  Sarah  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Llanvareth,  co.  Radnor, 
spinster.*    B.  by  said  John  Williams. 

Aug.  23.  Walter  Horton,  gent.,  and  Elizabeth  Rogers,  spinster,  both 
of  Carmarthen.*  B.  by  said  Walter  Horton  and  Walter 
Williams  ;  witness  :  W.  H.  Barker. 

Aug.  27.  Thomas  Evan  of  the  parish  of  Pencarreg,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Elizabeth  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Ystrad,  Cards.,  widow.* 

Sep.  3.       George  Wybourn   Thomas  of  the  parish   of  Llandilofawr, 
Carms.,  gent.,  and  Rose  Shewen  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter, 
Carmarthen,    spinster.*      B.    by    said    George    Wybourn 
Thomas  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  8.  Henry  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Mydrim,  Carms.,  gent.,  and 
Elisabeth  Howell  of  the  parish  of  Laughame,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^    B.  by  said  Henry  Evans. 

Sep.  10.  James  Howells  of  the  parish  of  Llanfihangel  Abercowin, 
Carms.,  gent.,  and  Anne  Howells  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter, 
Carmarthen,  spinster.*  B.  by  said  James  Howells  and 
Theophilus  Howells  of  the  said  parish  of  St.  Peter,  gent.  ; 
witness  :  W.  H.  Barker. 

Sep.  15.  John  Brown,  gent.,  and  Ann  Hoskins,  spinster,  an  infant, 
both  of  Kidwelly,  Carms. ^  With  con.sent  of  her  father, 
John  Hoskins,  esq.  B.  by  said  John  Brown  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 


1  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 

^  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur.' 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1787.  187 

Sep.  19.  Thomas  Lewis  of  the  paiish  of  I.lampeter  Velfrey,  Perns., 
yeoman,  and  Mary  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Ciffig,  Carms., 
spinster.*     B.  by  said  Thomas  Lewis. 

Sep.  20.     Howell  Price  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen,  gent., 
and  Catharine  Aylmer  of  the  parish  of  Laugharne,  Carms., 
widow  of  Henry   late   Baron  Aylmer  of  Balrath,   Ireland. 
B.  by  said  Howell  Price  and  Walter  Williams  of  the  said 
parish  of  St.  Peter,  gent.  ;   witness  :   W.  H.  Barker. 

Sep.  22.  Thomas  David  of  the  parish  of  Llaugludwen,  Carms., 
farmer,  and  Sarah  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Trelcach  ar  Bettus, 
Carms.,  spinster.*  B.  by  said  Thomas  David  and  John 
Griffith  of  the  parish  of  Llauwinio,  Carms.,  farmer  ;  wit- 
ness :  Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  22.  Daniel  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Llauegwad,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Sarah  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Merthyr,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.*   B.  by  said  Daniel  Evans  ;   witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  29.  John  Christmas  of  the  parish  of  Penboyr,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Rachel  Evan  of  the  parish  of  Llanfair,  Cards.,  spinster.* 

Oct.  3.  Thomas  Humphreys,  cabinet  maker,  and  Mary  Wear,  spin- 
ster, both  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.*  B.  by 
said  Thomas  Humphreys  ;   witness  :    Dan.  WilUams. 

Oct.  3.  Methusalem  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Llanvihangtl  Yeroth, 
Carms.,  clerk,  and  Anne  Morris  of  the  parish  of  Llacgeller, 
Carms.,  spinster.*  B.  by  said  Methusalem  Williams  ;  wit- 
ness :  Dan.  Williams. 

Richard    Jenkin,    farmer,    and    Catharine    Lewis,    spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  Llangendeime,  Carms.* 
William  Roberts  of  the  parish  of  Llantrissant,  Glam.,  yeo- 
man, and  Mary  Evan  of  the  parish  of  Llansadurn,  Carms., 
widow.* 

John  Jones,  infant,  and  Anne  Richards,  widow,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Llandilo,  Carms.*  With  consent  of  his  father. 
John  Lewis,  farmer,  and  Sarah  Adams,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Killymaenllwyd,  Carms.  B.  by  said  John 
Lewis  and  Benjamin  Edward  of  the  same  parish,  yeoman  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  WilUams. 

Oct.  29.  Daniel  Williams,  yeoman,  and  Sarah  Bowen,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^ 

Oct.  30.  Thomas  Low,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Davies,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.* 

1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 
*  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 


Oct. 

13. 

Oct. 

17. 

Oct. 

22, 

Oct. 

22 

i88  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1787, 

Nov.  12.  James  Morgan,  farmer,  and  Catharine  Davies,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Pencarreg,  Carms.^  B.  by  said  James 
Morgan  and  Thomas  David  of  the  same  parish,  farmer  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  14.  Evan  Jones,  gent.,  and  Anne  Thomas,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Llandeveylog,  Carms.  B.  by  said  Evan  Jones  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  17.  Stephen  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Laugharne,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Elizabeth  Howell  of  the  parish  of  Llandowror,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Stephen  Davies  and  GrifiBth  Howell 
of  the  said  parish  of  Llandowror,  farmer  ;  witness  :  Thomas 
Williams. 

Nov.  17.  Benjamin  Thomas,  farmer,  and  Margaret  Clarke,  widow, 
both  of  the  parish  of  Llannon,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Benjamin 
Thomas  and  W^illiam  John  of  the  said  parish  of  Llanon  ; 
witness  :  Thomas  Williams. 

Nov.  19.  David  Davies,  gent.,  and  Posthuma  Powell,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Newchurch,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  David 
Davies  and  Griffith  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Llandowror, 
Carms.,  clerk  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  21.  David  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Llandilofawr,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Anne  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Taley,  Carms.,  spinster.-^ 

Nov.  22.  David  Griffith,  clerk,  and  Anne  Bowen,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Nevern,  Perns.  B.  by  said  David  Griffith  and 
George  Bowen  of  Llwyngwair  in  the  said  parish  of  Nevern, 
esq.  ;   witness  :    James  Griffiths  of  Nevern,  merchant. 

Nov.  24.  Jonathan  Harry,  yeoman,  and  Anne  Morgan,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Llandebie,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Jonathan 
Harry  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  24.  John  Philip  of  the  parish  of  Llandissilio,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Hannah  Philips  of  the  parish  of  Henllan  Amgoed, 
Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  John  Philip  and  Evan  Griffith 
of  Glanrhyd,  Pems.,  esq.  ;  witness :  N.  Morgan,  notary 
public. 

Dec.  4.  William  Hancock  of  the  parish  of  Llanwinio,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  Alice  Bevan  of  the  parish  of  Llandowror,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^ B.  by  said  William  Hancock  ;  \\itness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Dec.  6.  John  Lewis,  smith,  and  Mary  John,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  John  Lewis; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 

2  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1787.  189 

Dec.  8.  Howell  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Cwnwil  Elvell,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  Mary  Philip  of  the  parisli  of  Abernant,  Carms.,  spinster, 
an  infant.'  With  consent  of  her  brother.  B.  by  said  Howell 
Jones  and  John  Phillips  of  the  said  parish  of  Abernant,  gent. 

Dec.  17.  Thomas  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Llanboidy,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Elizabeth  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Llandewi  Velfrey, 
Pems.,  widow.' 

Dec.  19.  Morgan  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llandevilog,  Carms., 
farmer,  and  Elizabeth  Richard  of  the  parish  of  Llanddarog, 
Carms.,  spinster.'  B.  by  said  Morgan  Thomas;  witness: 
Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  22.  David  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Sarah  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llandilo  Talibont,  Glam., 
widow.' 

Dec.  22.  John  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llandyssil,  Cards.,  farmer, 
and  Elizabeth  Simon  of  the  parish  of  Llanybydder,  Carms., 
spinster.'  B.  by  said  John  Thomas  and  David  John  of  the 
parish  of  Llanwenog,  Cards.,  farmer  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

1788. 

Jan.  I.  David  Thomas,  farmer,  and  Elizabeth  Jones,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Treleach  ar  Bettus,  Carms.  B.  by  said 
David  Thomas  and  Thomas  James  of  the  same  parish, 
farmer  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Jan.  5.  John  Llewellin  of  the  parish  of  Welsh  St.  Donats,  Glam., 
gent.,  and  Mary  Anne  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Llanarchairon, 
Cards.,  spinster.' 

Jan.  9.  David  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Llandilofawr,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Margaret  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Talley,  Carms., 
spinster.'  B.  by  said  David  Lewis;  witness:  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Jan.  23,  William  Jones,  carpenter,  and  Margaret  Weston,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  Llangendeime,  Carms.'  B.  by  said 
William  Jones  ;   witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Jan.  28.  Thomas  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Llanboidy,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Elizabeth  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  Llanlowddog,  Carms., 
spinster.'  B.  by  said  Thomas  Rees  and  John  Edward  of 
the  parish  of  St.  Clears,  Carms.  ;   witness  :   Chas.  Morgan. 

Jan.  30.  Maurice  Browne,  clerk,  and  Mary  Tj-son,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Laugharne,  Carms.' 

1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 


igo  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1788. 

Feb,  14.  Evan  Williams,  yeoman,  and  Maria  Edwards,  -widow,  both 
of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen/ 

Feb.  15.  Thomas  David,  labourer,  and  Mary  David,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llandyssil,  Cards. ^ 

Feb.  23.  David  GriflSth  of  the  parish  of  LlandUofawr,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Lettice  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms., 
spinster.^    B.  by  said  David  Griffith. 

Mar.  I.  Richard  Lloyd,  gent.,  and  Elizabeth  Lewis,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^ 

Mar.  I.  Edward  Rees,  gent.,  and  Mary  Wales,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Pembree,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Edward  Rees; 
witness  :  Thomas  Williams. 

Mar.  5.  David  Harry  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen,  farmer, 
and  Margaret  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Llandeveylog,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  David  Harry  and  William  John  of 
the  said  parish  of  St.  Peter,  gent.  ;  witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Mar.  6.  John  Manwaring  of  the  parish  of  Llandebie,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Anne  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llanedy,  Carms.,  spinster.^ 
B.  by  said  John  Manwaring  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Mar.  8.  David  Rogers  of  the  parish  of  HenUan  Amgoed,  Carms., 
farmer,  and  Anne  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Llanwinio, 
Carms.,  widow. ^ 

Mar.  14.  Owen  Davies,  gent.,  and  Anne  Thomas,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Troed  yr  Oir,  Cards. ^  B.  by  said  Owen  Davies 
and  David  Davids  of  the  same  parish,  gent.  ;  witness  :  N. 
Morgan,  notary  public. 

Mar.  29.  George  Taylor  of  the  parish  of  Kidwelly,  Carms.,  miariner, 
and  Mary  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  St.  Ishmael,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  George  Taylor  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Apr.  I.  Isaac  James,  labourer,  and  Ester  Griffith,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llangain,  Carms. ^ 

Apr.  5.  John  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Llanfynnidd,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Mary  Newell  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms., 
spinster.^    B.  by  said  John  Lewis  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Apr.  12.  Lewis  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  Llanfynidd,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Deborah  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Llanfihangel  Yeroth, 
Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  Lewis  Lewis  ;  witness  :  Dan, 
Williams. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  W,  Higgs  Barker,  Sur', 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1788.  191 

Apr,  12,  Thomas  Williams,  farmer,  and  Sarah  Harry,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llanybydder,  Carms.^ 

Apr.  19.  John  Williams  of  the  parish  of  Talley,  Carms.,  farmer,  and 
Esther  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llansawel,  Carms.,  spinster.^ 
B.  by  said  John  Williams  ;  witness  :  N.  Morgan,  notary 
public. 

Apr.  24.  David  Davies  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen,  doctor 
of  physic,  and  Susannah  Saunders  of  the  parish  of  Maner- 
divy,  Pems.,  spinster.^ 

Apr.  26.  John  William,  farmer,  and  Elizabeth  James,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llandilofawr,  Carms. ^ 

May  5.  Rees  Price  of  the  parish  of  Llandingat,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Mary  Harry  of  the  parish  of  Llanvihangel  Rhoseycom, 
Carms.,  widow. ^ 

May  10.  John  Evans,  mariner,  and  Mary  Rees,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Llanstephan,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  John  Evans  ; 
witness :  Dan.  Williams. 

May  10.  Francis  Grant  of  the  parish  of  Laughame,  Carms.,  victualler, 
and  Elizabeth  Morrice  of  the  parish  of  Llanginning,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  Francis  Grant ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

May  10.  William  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Amroth,  Pems.,  gent.,  and 
Mary  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Kidwelly,  Carms.,  spinster/ 
B.  by  said  William  Thomas  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

May  17.  Walter  Mansel,  farmer,  and  Elizabeth  Morgan,  widow,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Kidwelly,  Carms. ^ 

May  17.  Thomas  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Killie  Ayron,  Cards.,  mercer, 
ana  Mary  Lloyd  of  the  parish  of  Kilkennin,  Cards.,  spinster. 
B.  by  said  Thomas  Rees  ;   witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

May  17.  Richard  Richards,  farmer,  and  Anne  John,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Laughame,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Richard 
Richards  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

May  20.  David  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Pencarreg,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Elizabeth  Williams,  aged  20,  of  the  parish  of  Llany- 
byther,  Carms.,  spinster.^  With  consent  of  her  father, 
Thomas  Williams. 

May  20.  Rees  Francis,  sawyer,  and  Catharine  Davies,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  Rees 
Francis  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

i  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 


ig2  Marriage  Bonds  mid  Fiats,  1788. 

May  31.  John  Williams,  farmer,  and  Elizabeth  Jones,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carmis.'' 

Jun.  7.  Patrick  Newlan,  late  of  Ireland,  but  now  of  the  parish  of 
St.  Clears,  Carms.,  forester,  and  Mary  Williams  of  the  parish 
of  Llangennin,  Carms.,  widow. ^ 

Jun.  10.  Charles  Pryse,  gent.,  and  Jane  Richards,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llanygwrf on ,  Cards. ^  B.  by  said  Charles 
Prj'se. 

Jun.  18.  John  Hughes  of  the  parish  of  Llanwnnen,  Cards.,  gent.,  and 
Bridget  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Llanvihangel  Generglin, 
Cards.,  spinster.  B.  by  said  John  Hughes  ;  witness  :  Dan. 
Williams. 

Jul.  26.  John  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Lanarthney,  Carms.,  yeoman, 
and  Margaret  Edward  of  the  parish  of  Llanfynith,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  John  Evans  ;  witness :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Jul.  29.  Thomas  John  of  the  parish  of  Llandewy  Brevy,  Cards., 
farmer,  and  Anne  Owen  of  the  parish  of  Llanwennog,  Cards., 
widow. ^ 

Aug.  I .  William  Abel,  yeoman,  and  Mary  William,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llanstephan,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  William 
Abel ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Aug.  2.  Jonathan  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Bettws,  Carms.,  farmer,  and 
Elizabeth  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llanguke,  Glam.,  spinster.^ 

Aug.  4.  Lewis  Evans,  aged  29  years,  of  the  parish  of  Meline,  Perns., 
and  Mary  Morris  of  the  parish  of  Whitechurch,  Pems., 
widow.     At  Whitechurch.^ 

Aug.  7.  William  Howell  of  the  parish  of  Trelech  ar  Bettws,  Carms., 
farmer,  and  Mary  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Cwnwill  Elvet. 
Carms.,  spinster.^  B.  by  said  William  Howell  and  John, 
Jones  of  the  said  parish  of  ConwU  Elvet,  farmer  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Aug.  7.  Lewis  Pryse,  gent.,  and  Mary  Lloyd,  spinster,  both  of  the 
parish  of  Llanycruise,  Carms.^ 

Aug.  12.  Jenkin  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Kellan,  Cards.,  gent.,  and 
Jane  Edmond  of  the  parish  of  Llampeter  pont  Stephen, 
Cards.,  spinster. '^  B.  by  said  Jenkin  Davies  and  Thomas 
Williams  of  the  said  parish  of  Llampiter  pont  Stephen  ; 
witness  :   N.  Morgan,  notary  public. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 
*  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 
^  Fiat  issued  by  John  Evans,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1788.  193 

Aug.  12.  William  Davios  of  the  parish  of  Llangihangel  Arath,  Carms., 
farmer,  aud  Margaret  Morgan  of  the  parish  of  Llandewy 
Brevy,  Cards.,  spiuster.'     B.  by  said  William  Davits. 

Aug.  18.  George  Thomas,  gent.,  and  Rachel  Davies,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^ 

Aug.  26.  David  Griffith,  farmer,  and  Mary  Davies,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Pembrin,  Cards. ^ 

Aug.  30.  Henry  Griffiths,  esq.,  aud  Anue  Griffies,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.* 

Sep.  3.  David  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llanstephan,  Carms.,  gent., 
and  ]Mary  Jeremy  of  the  parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^   B.  by  said  David  Davies  ;  witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  4.  William  Garrett  of  the  parish  of  Llandilovawr,  Carms., 
yeoman,  aud  Ann  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Car- 
marthen, spinster.^  B.  by  said  William  Garrett;  witness: 
Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  8.  Benjamin  Griffith  of  the  parish  of  Llandeveilog,  Carms., 
farmer,  and  Rebecca  Lewis  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Car- 
marthen, spinster.^  B.  by  said  Benjamin  Griffith  ;  witness: 
Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  9.  David  Lewis,  yeoman,  and  Mary  Wilkin,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.*  B.  by  said  David 
Lewis  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  20.  David  Davies,  farmer,  and  Jane  Thomas,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms. '^  B.  by  said  David 
Davies  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  22-  David  Amos  of  the  parish  of  Llanybydder,  Carms.,  pedler, 
and  Rachel  Jones  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen, 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  David  Amos  and  William  Jones  of 
Carmarthen,  pig-drover  ;   witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Sep.  29.  John  Davies,  mariner,  and  Arrabella  Rees,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Laughame,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said  John  Davies  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  I.  William  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Llangoedmore,  Cards., 
farmer,  and  Anne  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Penbryn,  Cards., 
spinster.  B.  by  said  William  Evans  and  John  Davies  of  the 
parish  of  Troedyroyr,  Cards.,  farmer  ;  witness  :  Dan,  Wil- 
liams. 

Oct.  I,  Thomas  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Abergwilly,  yeoman,  and 
Anne  Evans  of  Carmarthen,  widow. ^ 

1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur.' 
'  Fiat  issued  by  John  Rogers,  Sur'. 
M 


194  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1788. 

Oct.  6.  Stephen  Philipps,  mariner,  and  Elizabeth  White,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.^  B.  by  said 
Stephen  White  states  that  the  name  of  the  bride  was  'Alice  ' 
White  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  13.  John  Vaughan  of  the  parish  of  Llanfihangel  Ystrad,  Cards., 
esq.,  and  Jane  Evans  of  the  parish  of  Llanwenog,  Cards., 
spinster.^ 

Oct.  17.  David  Harris,  yeoman,  and  Elizabeth  Lewis,  widow,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Llangunnor,  Carms.^ 

Oct.  20.  George  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Merthyr,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Mary  WiUiams  of  the  parish  of  Mydrim,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^ B.  by  William  Morris  of  Carmarthen,  victualler  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  20.  Joseph  Edwards  of  the  parish  of  Conwilgaio,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Mary  Harris  of  the  parish  of  Llanwrda,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.^   B.  by  said  Joseph  Edward  ;  witness:  Dan.  Williams. 

Oct.  25.  David  Hopkins  of  the  parish  of  Llanfihangel  Aberbythich, 
Carms.,  farmer,  and  Eleonor  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  Llan- 
arthney,  Carms.,  widow. ^ 

Nov.  I.  Richard  Evan  of  the  parish  of  St.  Ishmael,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Anne  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  Llangain,  Carms.,  widow. ^ 

Nov.  I.  William  Saer  of  the  parish  of  Llaughame,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Esther  Powell  of  the  parish  of  Llansidumen,  Carms., 
spinster.^  B.  by  said  William  Saer  and  Michael  Saer  of  the 
said  parish  of  Laugharne,  farmer  ;  witness :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Nov.  4.  Theophilus  Philip  of  the  parish  of  PlenUan  Amgoed,  Carms., 
farmer,  and  Elizabeth  James  of  the  parish  of  Llanfimach, 
Pems.,  widow. ^ 

Nov.  6.  Morgan  Prytherch,  farmer,  and  Margaret  Isaac,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  LlandHofawr,  Carms. ^  B.  by  said 
Morgan  Prytherch. 

Nov.  6.  David  Williams,  yeoman,  and  Bridget  Williams,  spinster, 
both  of  the  parish  of  Llansawel,  Carms.' 

Nov.  7.  Evan  David  of  the  parish  of  Llanwennog,  Cards.,  farmer, 
and  Anne  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llanybyther,  Carms.,  spin- 
ster.' B.  by  said  Evan  David  and  John  David  of  the  said 
parish  of  Llanwennog,  farmer  ;  witness  :  N.  Morgan, 
notary  public. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 


Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1788.  195 

Nov.  8.  John  Rees  of  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen,  yeoman, 
and  Elizabeth  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llandeveylog,  Carms., 
spinster.'     B.  by  said  John  Rees  ;   witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  8.  David  Thomas,  farmer,  and  ilary  Jenkins,  widow,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llaneg^vad,  Carms.' 

Nov.  12.  John  GriflSth  of  the  parish  of  Llanfihangel  Aberbythich, 
Carms.,  gtnt.,  and  Hannah  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  St. 
Peter,  Carmarthen.'  B.  by  said  John  Grif&th  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  17.  William  Morris,  gent.,  and  Marj-  Evans,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen.'  B.  by  said  William 
Morris  and  David  Morris  of  Carmarthen,  banker  ;  witness  : 
Dan.  Williams. 

Nov.  19.  John  Rees  of  the  parish  of  Llangathen,  Carms.,  farmer,  and 
Mar>'  Griffith  of  the  parish  of  Llanegwad,  widow.' 

Nov.  24.  David  Owen  of  the  parish  of  Llanelly,  Carms.,  farmer,  and 
Gwenllian  Davies  of  the  parish  of  Llangendeirne,  Carms., 
widow.' 

Nov.  27.  John  Lodwick  of  the  parish  of  Llangunnor,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Mar)'  Williams  cf  the  parish  of  St.  Peter,  Carmarthen, 
widow.' 

Nov.  28.  Thomas  Evans,  farmer,  and  Sarah  John,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Liandebydder,  Carms.'  B.  by  said  Thomas 
Evans  and  William  Evans  of  the  said  parish,  farmer  ; 
witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  4.  David  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Llangunnor,  Carms.,  yeo- 
man, and  Anne  Owen  of  the  parish  of  Llanarthney,  Carms., 
spinster.'  B.  by  said  David  Thomas  and  Thomas  Owen  of 
the  parish  of  Llanarthney. 

Dec.  5.  William  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llanwrda,  Carms.,  gent.,  and 
Margaret  Jones  of  the  parish  of  Llanfair  Cledoge,  Cards., 
spinster.'  B.  by  said  William  Jones  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Wil- 
liams. 

Dec.  8.  Rees  Jenkins  of  the  parish  of  Kilrhedin,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Rachel  Harris  of  the  parish  of  Kennarth,  Carms., 
widow.' 

Dec.  8.  David  Jeremy  of  the  parish  of  Abergwilly,  Carms.,  farmer, 
and  Marj'  Philipps  of  the  parish  of  Llangunner,  Carms., 
aged  17  years.'  With  consent  of  her  mother.  B.  by  said 
David  Jeremy. 

1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 


196  Marriage  Bonds  and  Fiats,  1788. 

Dec.  10.  John  Richard,  farmer,  and  Rachel  Thomas,  spmster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Llansawel,  Carms.^  B.  by  said  John  Rich- 
ards and  Joseph  James  of  the  said  parish  of  Llansawel, 
clerk  ;  witness  :  Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  II.  David  William,  collier,  and  Elizabeth  Daniel,  spinster,  both 
of  the  parish  of  Pembrey,  Carms.^ 

Dec.  24.  John  Harris,  yeom.an,  and  Mary  John,  spinster,  both  of 
Carmarthen.^  B.  by  said  John  Harries  and  William  Davies 
of  Carmarthen,  trumpeter  ;   witness  :   Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  27.  Morgan  Williams,  gent.,  and  Jane  Purser,  spinster,  both  of 
the  parish  of  Llangaddock,  Carms.^  B.  by  said  Morgan 
Williams  and  David  Thomas  of  the  parish  of  Abergwilly, 
Carms.,  victtialler  ;   witness  :    Dan.  Williams. 

Dec.  29.  John  Stacey,  mercer,  and  Anne  Williams,  spinster,  both  of 
Carmarthen.^  B.  by  said  John  Stacey  ;  witness :  Dan. 
Williams. 


1  Fiat  issued  by  W.  Higgs  Barker,  Sur'. 


[To  he  continued  in  Vol.  X.] 


Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File 

By  JOHN  BALLINGER,  C.B.E.,  M.A. 


A  few  years  ago  (about  1912)  I  went  with  Mr.  Herbert 
M.  Vaughan  to  the  office  of  the  Tivyside  Advertiser, 
Cardigan,  and  inquired  for  the  printer's  old  files.  We 
were  received  very  courteously  by  Mr.  Thomas,  the 
grandson  of  the  founder  of  the  printing  business,  and 
eventually  found  in  an  attic  thickly  hung  with  cob- 
webs, the  files  ranging  from  1825  to  1865.  Mr.  Thomas 
readily  agreed  to  send  the  files  to  the  National  Library, 
no  doubt  wondering  that  such  '  lumber  '  should  be 
accepted. 

The  work  of  cleaning  and  sorting  the  papers  took  a 
considerable  time.  Many  were  not  only  dirty,  but  had 
suffered  from  rats,  mice,  and  insects. 

A  printing  office  is  required  by  law  to  keep  for  a  specified 
time  a  copy  of  everything  it  prints.  This  is  generally 
done  by  '  stabbing  '  a  copy  of  the  printed  job  (often 
with  the  MS.  copy)  on  a  wire  file  4  to  5  feet  in  length 
with  a  wooden  stop  at  the  bottom,  and  a  bent-over 
top  with  a  sharp  point  for  piercing  the  paper,  exactly 
the  pattern  of  the  wire  file  often  used  for  accounts  and 
other  papers,  only  much  larger.  The  usual  plan  is  to 
use  a  file  for  each  year,  starting  with  the  new  year. 

The  Cardigan  printer's  files  yielded  a  rich  harvest  of 
documents  illustrating  the  life  of  the  district  during  the 
interesting  period  following  the  end  of  the  Napoleonic 
wars,  and  the  coming  of  the  railways  and  other  con- 
veniences which  have  changed  the  conditions  of  life  even 
in  remote  places. 

In  quoting  from  the  documents  the  punctuation  and 
capitals  of  the  originals  have  to  some  extent  been  pre- 


igS  Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File. 

served,  inaccurate  though  they  often  are,  and  no  correc- 
tion of  faulty  grammar  has  been  attempted.  The  long 
series  of  documents  dealing  with  the  coasting  trade  are 
important  as  showing  the  extent  of  that  trade  at  one 
time,  and  the  efforts  to  keep  it  going  when  other  transport 
facilities  began  to  improve.  In  this  connection  the 
valuable  account  of  Dewisland  Coasters  in  1751  ^  by  Mr. 
Francis  Green  should  be  referred  to.  It  supplies  details 
of  the  nature  of  the  cargoes  carried  by  these  coasting 
traders,  not  obtainable  from  the  very  different  series 
of  papers  here  dealt  with. 

A  glimpse  of  the  interest  which  is  always  excited  by 
the  abnormal  in  nature  is  obtained  from  a  quarto  broad- 
side advertising  the  Porcupine  Lad.  '  A  wonderful  display 
of  nature.  One  of  the  greatest  human  curiosities  in  the 
whole  world,  the  Cambrian  Porcupine  Lad,  who  is  a  fine 
healthy  boy,  of  quick  understanding,  and  amiable  temper, 
nine  years  of  age,  three  feet  two  inches  high,  born  of 
Welsh  parents,  in  the  parish  of  Kilrhedin,  Pembroke- 
shire, whose  body  (except  his  Face  and  the  Palms  of 
his  Hands)  is  covered  with  a  Dark  Prickl}'^  Substance, 
resembling  the  Coat  of  a  Hedgehog  or  Porcupine,  which 
grows  to  the  length  of  half  an  inch,  then  falls  off,  leaving 
the  root  in  the  flesh,  and  grows  again  ;  it  may  be  burned 
or  clipped  off  without  injury.  He  is  a  wonder  to  all 
Physicians  and  Naturalists  ;  and  all  that  have  seen  him 
testify  that  they  never  saw  the  like.  He  will  be  ex- 
hibited [a  blank  space  for  inserting  the  name  of  the 
place].  Prices  : — Ladies  and  Gentlemen  6d.  ;  Working 
People  3d.  ;  Children  2d.  N.B. — Families  or  Schools 
may  be  waited  upon  at  their  residence  if  required.' 

The  date  of  this  is  1840.    Poor  little  boy  ! 

Portraits  in  profile.  Before  photography  was  dis- 
covered, about  the  middle  of  the  nineteenth  century'-, 
the  profile  artist,  who  cut  portraits  in  outline  in  black 

1  West  Wales  Hist.  Records,  Vol.  VIII.,  p.  159—176. 


Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File.  199 

paper,  had  an  important  place.  Many  examples  of  the 
art  survive  in  old  houses,  and  they  ought  to  be  carefully 
preserved.  In  the  year  1848  the  Artist  of  the  Hubard 
Profile  Gallery  announced  a  stay  of  two  weeks  in  Cardigan, 
at  Mr.  Davies',  Watch  Maker,  High  Street.  'He  will 
make  likenesses  in  every  variety  of  style  and  price,  from 
the  simple  Bust  at  is.  (Frame  and  Glass  included),  to 
the  elaborate  whole  length,  or  seated  Figures,  from  2/6 
to  £1  IIS.  6d.  He  will  make  portraits  of  horses,  dogs, 
etc'  Then  follows  a  long  list  of  local  families  and  celebri- 
ties who  had  given  him  their  patronage  during  his  stay 
at  Haverfordwest. 

Gas  Lighting.  A  notice  with  regard  to  the  introduction 
of  gas-lighting  for  the  town  of  Cardigan  is  dated  August, 
1859,  and  it  would  appear  from  other  papers  that  the 
gas-lighting  proposal  went  forward,  the  inhabitants  of 
the  town  being  invited  to  take  up  shares  in  the  Gas 
company. 

Education.     The   papers   relating    to    education    are 
exceptionall}^  interesting,   and  deal  with  the  Grammar 
School,   the   National   School   1827,   the   British  School 
1858,  and  private  schools.     Under  the  latter  is  included 
'  Parnassus  School,  a  classical  and  commercial  seminary, 
opened    at    Eglwyserow   in  the  year    1831,    under    the 
management  of  [the  Rev.]  D.  Davies,  elk.,  and  assistants ' ; 
while  Mr.  Morris  announces  to  the  nobility,  gentry,  and 
inhabitants  of  the  ancient  borough  of  Cardigan  and  its 
vicinity,    that  he  has    just    opened   '  For    short    period 
only '  an  institution  for  teaching  : — 

s     d 
Penmanship  in  six  easy  lessons  . .  . .     10     6 

Stenography  in  four  ditto       .  .  .  .  . .     10     6 

Ready  reckoning  or  tradesmen's  arithmetic 

in  six  ditto     . .  . .  . .  . .  . .       70 

The  teaching  rooms  were  at  Mr.  William  Edwards's, 
sail-maker,   Pendre.     Ladies  attended  from  9  to   10  in 


200  Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File. 

the  morning,  and  from  3  to  4  in  the  afternoon.  Gentle- 
men from  7  to  8  in  the  morning,  and  from  5  to  half  past 
6  in  the  evening.  The  other  part  of  the  da^^  is  appro- 
priated to  attend  families.  A  strenuous  day  for  the 
teacher.  The  date  is  1831.  Some  papers  relate  to  the 
circulating  charity  schools,  and  some  to  the  Education 
Board  for  the  Archdeaconr3^  of  Cardigan. 

Bookbinders.  There  is  a  small  label  dated  as  being 
printed  May  3,  1826,  which  states  that  '  Thomas  John, 
Book-binder,  Cardigan,  thanks  the  inhabitants  of  the 
town  and  its  vicinity  for  the  liberal  support,'  and  so  on. 
In  October  of  the  same  year  David  Williams,  Book-binder, 
begs  most  respectfully  to  acquaint  the  inhabitants 
'  that  he  has  just  commenced  Business  in  the  above  line, 
and  hopes  by  attention  to  merit  their  encouragement.' 
It  is  difficult  to  conceive  how  two  book-binders  could 
earn  a  living  in  Cardigan  in  those  days.  So  far  as  the 
files  disclose  they  had  no  competitor  until  1841,  when 
B.  James  and  E.  Morris  commenced  business  in  Bridge 
Street,  while  seven  years  later,  1848,  Benjamin  Davies, 
'  commenced  business  '  in  the  same  street,  and  in  1850  we 
gather  that  the  encouragement  I.  Edwards  had  already 
received  from  the  Gentry  of  Cardigan  and  its  neighbour- 
hood, had  induced  him  to  commence  Business  in 
partnership  with  Mr.  Tiley.  Edwards  and  Tiley 
not  only  offered  '  neat  and  elegant  binding,'  but  also 
described  themselves  as  '  Machine  Rulers,'  possibly 
fixing  a  time  for  the  first  setting  up  in  Cardigan  of  a 
machine  for  paper-ruling.  Another  circular  announces 
that  John  Jones,  bookbinder,  '  has  resumed  business  in 
his  native  place.'  The  date  is  1858.  The  word  '  resumed ' 
is  a  trifle  ambiguous.  The  recovery  of  a  list  of  book- 
binders who  followed  their  craft  in  Cardigan  from  1826 
to  1858  or  later  is  useful. 

Book  Society.  The  file  contains  a  number  of  documents 
relating  to   the   Cardigan   Book   Society,   including  the 


Local  History  f/oin  a  Printer's  File.  201 

rules  and  lists  of  members  covering  most  of  the  years 
from  1838 — 1865.  Each  year  the  books  were  put  up  to 
auction  at  the  annual  meeting  ;  printed  lists  of  the  books 
sold  are  on  the  file.  The  Book  vSociety  was  started  long 
before  1838.  Its  operations  were  continued  for  a  full 
century,  and  only  ceased  in  quite  recent  years.  The  name 
was  changed  about  i860  to  the  Cardigan  Reading  Society. 
There  was  another  organisation,  the  Cardigan  new  Read- 
ing Society  in  existence  in  1851,  possibly  earlier,  it  had 
twelve  members,  and  may  only  have  existed  for  a  few 
years. 

Literary,  Scientific,  and  Mechanics  Lnstitute.  This 
institution,  founded  in  1847  is  represented  on  the  file  by 
some  papers,  including  a  printed  circular,  undated, 
setting  out  the  aims  and  objects  of  the  institution,  and 
a  small  broadside  calling  the  annual  meeting  of  members 
for  27th  Dec,  1852.  In  i860  Titus  Lewis,  Esq.,  F.S.A., 
is  announced  to  give  a  popular  lecture  at  the  Guildhall, 
the  proceeds  to  be  applied  towards  fitting  up  a  new  room, 
and  in  the  following  year  Robert  Fowler,  Esq.,  M.D.  of 
London,  gave  two  lectures  in  aid  of  the  funds,  '  On  the 
distinguishing  character  of  organized  being.'  The  kind 
of  lectures  inflicted  upon  the  people  of  Cardigan  at  an 
earlier  date  is  shown  by  broadsides  dated  1826,  announc- 
ing lectures  by  G.  ]\IcGregor  Campbell,  A.M.,  etc.,  who 
offered  as  his  topic,  '  Religious,  Civil,  and  Political 
Economy,'  not  in  one,  but  a  series  of  lectures,  evidently 
as  many  as  the  public  could  be  induced  to  pay  for,  front 
seats  2/-,  second  seats  i/-,  each  reduced  later  to  half. 
Evidently  Mr.  McGregor  did  not  receive  the  encourage- 
ment he  desired,  notwithstanding  that  he  relieved  what 
must  have  been  very  dull  discourses  with  '  Sacred  Music, 
Anthems,  etc.,  exemplified  on  the  German  Flute.' 

In  spite  of  the  lure  of  the  German  Flute  the  people  of 
Cardigan  were  shy,  as  may  be  gathered  from  another 
broadside  by  which  Mr.  Campbell  has  the  honour  of 
informing  the  respectable  Gentlemen  who  did  him  the 


202  Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File. 

kindness  of  attending  at  the  Hall,  last  evening,  that 
he  intends  (for  the  last  time)  to  make  his  last  efforts, 
by  endeavouring  to  collect  a  reasonable  number  of  Audi- 
tors together,  assuring  them  that,  '  if  there  be  but  thirty 
persons  present,  he  will  positively  deliver  his  discourse  ; 
His  object  being  a  desire  of  courting  Public  enquiry  ; 
he  trusts  and  hopes  that  the  respectable  inhabitants  of 
Cardigan,  will  afford  him  the  opportunity  of  being  heard.' 
(The  capitals  and  punctuation  are  as  in  the  original.) 

Road  Transport.  A  study  of  transport  for  people  and 
goods  before  the  railways  is  of  importance  in  relation 
to  economic  history.  In  order  to  obtain  a  reliable  basis 
for  the  study  of  economic  development  or  lack  of  develop- 
ment of  any  district,  it  is  essential  to  have  details  of 
transport  facilities,  whether  by  road,  rail,  or  sea.  Re- 
cords of  road  transport,  prior  to  the  coming  of  railways, 
are  already  scarce.  Any  documents,  therefore,  which 
throw  light  on  early  transport,  ought  to  be  carefully 
preserved. 

The  earliest  document  under  this  head  is  dated 
1829,  but  it  was  not  printed  at  Cardigan,  and  it  deals 
with  Abergavenny.  Benjamin  Anthony  informs  the 
public  that  he  has  taken  his  son-in-law,  Thomas  Bevan, 
into  partnership,  and  bespeaks  a  continuance  of  public 
patronage  for  the  firm.  A  most  commodious  '  Tram-way 
conveyance  '  has  just  been  commenced  between  Hereford 
and  Abergavenny,  which  will  ensure  safe  and  speedy 
delivery  of  goods  to  and  from  London,  Liverpool,  Man- 
chester, Birmingham,  and  Sheffield,  at  prices  considerably 
below  the  usual  stage  charges. 

A  circular  letter,  bearing  date  July  9th,  1831,  par- 
ticularly requests  attendance  at  a  meeting  to  be  held 
at  the  Town  Hall,  Cardigan,  for  the  purpose  of  examining 
the  accounts  of  the  Regulator  Coach,  and  to  determine 
whether  the  coach  shall  continue  to  run.  Whether  the 
Regulator  coach  was  continued,  and  to  what  place  it 
went  does  not  appear,  but  a  little  later  in  the  same  year 
a  notice  respectfully  informs  the  public  that  a  neat  and 


Local  History  from  a  Prinler's  File.  2  )3 

convenient  stage  coach  to  and  from  Cardigan  and  Car- 
marthen will  commence  running  on  the  3rd  of  October, 
and  will  continue  to  run  once  a  week  during  the  winter. 
Monda}"  was  its  day  from  Cardigan,  starting  at  8  a.m. 
from  the  Albion  Hotel,  returning  from  the  Ivy  Bush  at 
Carmarthen  the  following  day  at  10  a.m.  Between 
Cardigan  and  Haverfordwest  John  Furlong  of  the  Nant- 
y-ddwylan  Arms  drove  his  '  covered  cart  '  every  other 
day,  starting  from  Haverfordwest  after  the  arrival  of 
the  Bristol  Packet  every  Monday,  Wednesday,  and  Fri- 
day, and  from  Cardigan  on  the  alternate  days.  This 
was  in  1840. 

The  making  of  the  South  Wales  railway  sometime  in 
the  Fifties  altered  the  line  of  approach  to  Cardigan. 
Narberth  Road,  the  nearest  railway-  station,  became  the 
objective.  Benjamin  Davies,  proprietor,  announces  that 
the  Narberth  Road  and  Cardigan  Royal  Mail  Coach 
will  leave  Narberth  Road  station  after  the  arrival  of 
the  down  mail  train  from  Paddington  at  7.55  a.m.,  and 
the  up  train  from  Milford  Haven  at  8.5.  Cardigan  is  to 
be  reached  at  10.48  a.m.,  and  the  coach  will  leave  again 
at  2,  arriving  at  Narberth  Road  station  in  time  for  the 
up  mail  from  Milford  Haven  to  Paddington,  and  '  for 
the  Express  and  Third  Class  down  trains  to  INIilford 
Haven.'  Third  class  passengers  were  not  carried  in 
express  trains  until  many  3^ears  later.  The  notice  bears 
no  date,  though  it  was  before  1859.  Its  interest  is  that 
it  appears  to  be  the  first  daily  connection  between  Cardi- 
gan and  the  outside  world.  In  i860  a  well-horsed  omnibus 
is  advertised  to  run  daily  from  Cardigan  at  9  a.m.  to 
Narberth  Road,  returning  from  the  latter  place  at  1.21 
p.m.  Competition  as  regards  coaching  between  Narberth 
Road  and  Cardigan  began  with  the  running  of  the  service 
last  referred  to.  A  poster  dated  a  j-ear  later  gives  (for  the 
first  time)  the  fares  charged — outside,  4/-  ;  inside,  6/-, 
with  proportionate  fares  between  intermediate  places. 
Competition  had  obviousl}'^  led  to  a  '  cut  '  in  the  fares 
as  the  wording  of  the  notice  shows. 


204  Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File. 

Another  poster  relates  to  an  omnibus  from  Newport, 
Pern.,  on  and  after  the  19th  June,  i860,  starting  daily 
at  7  a.m.,  running  to  Crymmych  Arms,  where  passengers 
would  transfer  to  the  coach  from  Cardigan  for  Narberth 
Road. 

In  another  notice  of  about  the  same  date,  one  John 
Thomas  complains  that,  having  commenced  business  as 
a  General  Carrier  between  Cardigan  and  Narberth  Road 
Station,  the  railway  company  refuse  to  deliver  to  him 
any  goods  '  unless  specially  addressed  by  my  waggon.' 
He  goes  on,  *  I  hope  you  will  therefore  sympathise  with 
me  under  such  cruel  and  unjust  treatment  ;  and  be 
careful  to  address  all  your  goods — Per  John  Thomas,  the 
company  and  other  persons  having  combined  to  mon- 
opolize the  road.' 

In  June,  1852,  coach  communication  was  established 
between  '  Cardigan,  Aberayron,  and  Aberystwyth,  by 
Cummins,  Weston,  and  Parker,  from  Cardigan  every 
monday,  Wednesday,  and  friday,  returning  on  the  alter- 
nate da^^s.'  The  same  firm  ran  a  coach  from  Cardigan  via 
Fishguard  to  Haverfordwest  and  Milford  Haven,  three 
days  weekly  each  way. 

Railway  proiects.  A  notice  dated  Oct.  27th,  1858, 
signed  b}'  the  Mayor  of  Cardigan,  convenes  a  public 
meeting  in  compliance  with  a  requisition  made  by 
numerous  shareholders  in  the  Carmarthen  and  Cardigan 
railway,  for  the  purpose  of  conferring  on  the  subject  of 
the  circular  lately  issued  by  the  directors,  giving  notice 
of  an  extraordinary  meeting  at  Carmarthen  on  the  3rd 
of  November.  What  the  trouble  was  is  not  stated,  but 
a  Carmarthen  and  Cardigan  direct  railway  has  not  3^et 
been  constructed.  Two  posters  relate  to  another  ill- 
starred  railway  project,  described  as  the  '  Milford,  Fish- 
guard, and  Cardigan  Junction  railway,  to  complete  the 
through  route  from  Manchester  to  Milford  with  an  un- 
broken narrow  gauge.'  In  October,  i860,  the  Mayor  of 
Cardigan  announces  a  public  meeting  '  to  promote  the 


Local  History  jrom  a  Printer' a  File. 


205 


above  railway  project,  which  will  be  so  conducive  to 
the  interests  of  this  district.'  The  second  poster,  dated 
November,  announces  the  holding  of  meetings  for  the 
same  purpose,  '  and  for  the  purpose  of  getting  persons 
to  take  shares  therein.'  Meetings  were  held  at  Kilgerran, 
Moilgrove,  Eglwyswrw,  Boncath,  Pontreselly,  lylechryd, 
Penllwyndu,  St.  Dogmael's,  and  Aberporth.  At  that 
time  the  dream  of  Milford  as  a  great  port  for  the  shipment 
of  Manchester  goods  was  very  much  in  evidence. 

Sea  Transport.  Neither  road  nor  rail  reflected  the 
true  out-look  of  the  people  of  Cardigan  of  fifty  and  a 
hundred  years  ago.  They  were  more  familiar  with  the 
sea  and  sailing  ships,  small  but  well-built  craft,  which 
the  seamen  of  the  Cardigan  coast  knew  how  to  handle 
in  fair  weather  and  in  rough.  This  printer's  file  contains 
a  wealth  of  documents  which  show  the  former  importance 
of  Cardigan  as  a  sea-port,  and  the  great  part  which  the 
sea  played  in  the  lives  of  the  people  there.  Vessels 
changed  owners  as  freely  in  those  old  days  as  motor- 
cars and  motor-cycles  in  ours.  Over  one  hundred  and 
thirty  broadsides  in  this  collection  deal  with  the  sale 
of  ships,  mainly  at  Cardigan,  but  including  sales  at  Fish- 
guard, New  Quay,  St.  Dogmell's,  Aberaeron,  Newport 
Pem.,  Popit,  and  other  places  in  the  localit3^  The  vessels 
were  of  various  sizes,  the  majority  under  fifty  tons. 
A  classification  of  size  for  93  vessels  sold  gives  the  follow- 
ing result  : — 


25  tons  and  under 
between  25  and  50  tons 
50  and  75  tons 
,,         75  and  100  tons 
100  and  150  tons 
150  and  200  tons 
over  200  tons 


13 

35 
15 
13 
13 
3 
I 


93 


2o6  Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File. 

The  vessel  classed  as  over  200  tons  is  given  in  the 
sale  bill  as  299  tons. 

\ATiat  was  the  nature  of  the  carrying  trade  performed 
by  these  sea-going  craft  ?  Some  documents  enable  at 
least  a  partial  answer  to  be  made. 

;May,  1827.  '  For  Bristol,  direct,  now  loading  at 
Cardigan  Quay,  and  will  sail  immediately  ;  a  constant 
trader,  the  new  fast-sailing  smack,  Marv,  A.i.  John 
Griffiths,  commander  (late  of  the  trader  Expedition). 
N.B. — The  above  named  commander  hereby  engages  to 
keep  his  said  smack,  Mary,  as  a  regular  trader  between 
Bristol  and  Cardigan  henceforth,  and  not  to  remain  a 
longer  period  than  18  days  loading  at  Bristol,  at  any  one 
time  (that  is  to  say),  to  clear  out  on  the  i8th  day  after 
his  entry  outwards  at  the  Customhouse  there,  with  or 
without  a  full  and  complete  cargo  (reserving  to  himself 
the  power  of  clearing  out  on  any  day,  previous  to  the 
i8th  day,  if  a  full  and  complete  cargo  be  on  board  the 
said  vessel),  or  forfeit  the  sum  of  Twenty  Pounds  to  any 
shipper  or  shippers  on  the  said  vessel  from  time  to  time. 
Due  notice  will  be  given  by  the  Cardigan  crier  of  the 
day  of  the  said  Trader's  entry  outwards  at  the  Custom- 
house Bristol,  to  enable  parties  to  know  the  certain  day 
of  departure  from  there.' 

A  poster  dated  1830  records  that  a  meeting  of  mer- 
chants and  shopkeepers  was  held  to  consider  the  best 
mode  to  be  adopted  for  regulating  the  time  for  loading 
and  sailing  of  the  smacks  Mary  and  Hero,  trading  between 
Cardigan  and  Bristol.  Agreement  was  reached,  the 
respective  managing  owners  of  the  two  smacks  concurring. 
Each  vessel  was  to  have  eighteen  days  after  berthing  at 
Bristol  in  which  to  load,  after  which  loading  was  to 
cease,  and  the  vessel  proceed  to  Cardigan.  Both  vessels 
agreed  that  should  either  arrive  in  Bristol  during  the 
time  the  other  is  discharging  or  loading,  she  is  not  to 
take  any  goods  on  board  until  the  time  limit  of  the 
other  has  expired.  The  Bellman  is  to  make  known  in 
Cardigan  twice  on  two  successive  days  the  time  when 


Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File.  207 

each  vessel  is  berthed  at  Bristol.     Bach  vessel  was  to 
unload  at   Cardigan  with   all   despatch,   and  sail   again 
for   Bristol   within   eight   days.     Three   merchants   and 
three  shop-keepers  were  appointed  a  committee  to  see 
that  the  resolutions  were  carried  into  effect.     Thirty- 
eight  names  are  appended,  together  with  the  names  of 
the  managing  owners  of  the  two  vessels  accepting  the 
resolutions. 

July,  1838.    '  Bristol,  Loading  for  Cardigan,  Newcastle 
Emlyn,  Kenarth,  Newport,  Boncath,  Pontreselly,  Eglwys- 
wrw,   and  places   adjacent,  the  new  smack,   Packet  of 
Cardigan    (a   constant   trader),    Thomas   Evans,    ^Master 
(G.   Young,   Agent,    King  Street),   now  loading   at  the 
Cardigan  Tier,  Welch  Back,  and  will  sail  in  14  days.' 
A  similar  notice,  dated  1843,  refers  to  the  new  smack 
Sarah  of  Cardigan,  David  Timothy,  Master. 

In  December,   1836,   was  issued  a  poster  giving  the 
trade  list  of  freights  from  Bristol  to  Cardigan  by  the 
Cardigan  traders.    The  schedule  is  too  long  to  reproduce, 
it  contains  over  300  items,  but  it  is  an  invaluable  record 
for  anyone  engaged  in  research  into  economic  conditions 
in  the  first  half  of  the  nineteenth  century  ;    it  not  only 
gives  the  cost  of  transport,  but  also  indicates  the  nature 
of  the  goods  which  had  to  be  brought  from  other  places 
to  meet  the  district's  needs,  and  throws  some  light  on 
the   position  of   Bristol   as   a   great   distributing   centre 
for  South  Wales  at  that  time,  which  may  have  given 
rise  to  the  name  '  Welch  Back  '  for  one  of  the  wharves 
there.      Even   greater   interest   attaches   to   the   list   of 
freights  from  Cardigan  to  Bristol,  as  showing  what  the 
Cardigan  merchants  were  able  to  export.     The  list  is  so 
short  that  it  can  be  reproduced  in  full — 

s     d 
Butter,  per  cask     . .  . .  . .  .  .     o  10 

Barley,  per  quarter  . .  . .  ..16 

Wheat,  per  ditto     .  .  .  .  . .  ..18 

Oats,  per  ditto         .  .  . .  . .  ..11 


208 


Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File. 


Rolls  of  leather  with  5  bull  or  cow  hides 

Bazil,  per  doz. 

Kips,  per  ditto 

Calf  skins,  per  ditto 

Eggs  in  boxes,  per  hundred 

Paper,  per  ream 


o  10 

o     3 
o     4 


Bazil  or  Basil  is  sheepskin  tanned,  used  for  book- 
binding and  other  purposes.  Kips  or  kip-leather,  thin 
calf  or  other  thin  skins  tanned,  mainly  used  for  the 
uppers  of  boots. 

It  would  appear  that  only  three  industries  are 
represented  in  the  list — farming,  tanning,  and  paper- 
making.  The  inclusion  of  the  last  named  suggests  that 
Cardigan,  like  Haverfordwest,  had  a  paper-making  mill 
in  those  days. 

A  similar  freight  list  from  Bristol  to  Cardigan  was 
issued  in  December,  1852.  The  freights  charged  are 
fractionally  less  for  some  goods,  but  the  articles  included 
in  the  export  schedule  are  the  same,  with  the  addition 
to  the  list  of  '  Leather  per  bundle  of  4  hides  is.  3d.' 
Rolls  of  leather  being  reduced  from  2s.  3d.  for  5  bull 
or  cow  hides  to  4d.  per  hide. 

August,  1828.  '  Now  loading,  at  Pickle-herring  Wharf, 
Southwark,  London,  for  Cardigan,  the  fast-sailing  smack 
Eaton,  Evan  Rees,  Master.  Persons  desirous  of  availing 
themselves  of  this  opportunity  will  apply  to  the  Captain 
on  board,  or  to  Mr.  D.  Davies,  Merchant,  Cardigan.' 

There  is  another  notice  dated  1838  of  a  '  London  and 
Cardigan  trader,  the  schooner  Friends,  of  Cardigan,  John 
Thomas,  Master,  which  is  taking  in  goods  at  Pickle- 
herring  wharf  (London),  where  it  will  remain  until  the 
1st  September,'  after  which  it  is  to  be  presumed  it  would 
sail  for  Cardigan. 

August,  1841.  '  At  Pickle  Herring  Wharf,  Southwark. 
Now  loading  for  Cardigan  and  all  places  adjacent,  the 
smack  Maria  (John  Edwards,    Master),    having    nearly 


Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File.  209 

half  of  her  cargo  already  on  board,  and  will  be  dispatched 
in  a  few  days.  For  further  particulars  apply  to  the 
Master  on  board,  or  to  Mr.  Betts,  Wharfinger  ;  or  on 
the  Irish  Walk  in  'change  hours.' 

An  announcement  dated  August,  1838,  headed  '  Direct 
communication  between  Ireland  and  Cardigan  Bay,' 
states  that  the  Dublin  and  Glasgow  Steam  Company 
intend  plying  one  of  their  beautiful  and  powerful  new 
steamers  from  Dublin  to  Cardigan,  on  Friday  the  24th 
inst.,  and  from  Cardigan  for  Cork  on  the  following  day. 
Particulars  as  to  freight  of  goods  and  passage  on  board 
to  be  had  from  Mr.  David  James,  Lion  Hotel,  Cardigan, 
who  is  authorised  to  treat  for  the  same.  The  printed 
notice  is  dated  eight  days  before  the  steamer  is  due  to 
arrive,  not,  one  would  think,  sufficient  time  for  securing 
passengers  and  cargo.  Incidentally,  it  is  the  first 
indication  that  steam  vessels  might  some  day  displace 
the  local  sailing  ships.  The  announcement  received  a 
cold  welcome.  No  further  reference  to  steam  propelled 
vessels  for  the  port  of  Cardigan  is  found  until  twenty- 
one  years  later,  1859,  when  the  Mayor  in  compliance 
with  a  requisition  from  certain  ratepayers  convened  a 
public  meeting  to  consider  the  propriety  of  establishing 
a  communication  between  Cardigan  and  Bristol  by 
means  of  a  steamer. 

Steam  Packet  communication  between  Bristol  and 
Carmarthen,  and  between  Bristol  and  Haverfordwest 
(and  places  adjacent),  was  established  much  earlier,  as 
is  shown  by  a  small  poster  on  the  file.  This  was  not 
printed  at  Cardigan,  the  imprint  being  '  Rose,  printer.' 
The  date  is  December,  1830.  It  seems  from  its  terms 
to  imply  not  a  new,  but  an  established  service.  The 
Steam  Packet  Frolic,  Edward  Jenkins,  R.N.,  com- 
mander, is  announced  to  sail  between  Bristol  and 
Carmarthen,  calling  off  Tenby,  when  practicable, 
to  land  and  receive  passengers,  and  between  Bristol 
and  Haverfordwest,  taking  goods  for  Milford  and  Pem- 
broke Dock,  at  shippers  risk,  and  calling  oft'  Tenby  when 
practicable. 

N 


210  Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File. 

The  times  of  sailing  are  given  as  follows  : — 
From  Bristol  to  Carmarthen.      From   Bristol   to   Haverford- 
Friday,  December  31,  7  Morning  west. 

January   14,   6  Morning        Saturday,  Jan.  8,  i  Afternoon 
January  28,  6  Morning  Thursday,  January  20,  10  Morning 

From  Carmarthen  to  Bristol.  From  Haverfordwest  to 

Tuesday,  January  4,  9  Morning  Bristol. 

„  „       18,  7  Morning  Tuesday,  January  11,  3  Afternoon 

Monday,  January  31,  7  Morning.  Monday,  January  24,  12  Noon 

Cabin  21/-;  Steward's  fee  2/-;  Steerage  18/6;  Horse  25/-;  4-wheel 
carriage  ;^2  ;  2-wheel  carriage  25/- ;  Dog  3/-. 

The  Frolic  was  described  as  a  new  vessel  of  '  nearly 
100  Horses  Power.'  It  belonged  to  the  General  Steam 
Packet  Co.,  i  Quay,  Bristol,  the  agents  being  Mr.  Gibbon, 
Haverfordwest,  and  Mr.  Walter  Harris,  Milford.  No 
office  or  agent  at  Carmarthen  is  given. 

The  file  being  that  of  a  Cardigan  printing  office,  the 
port  of  Cardigan  naturally  forms  the  subject  of  most 
of  the  broadsides,  but  a  few  deal  with  other  places.  One, 
dated  1826,  states  that  the  very  fast  sailing  new  smack 
Mary  of  Cardigan,  John  Griffiths,  commander,  is  loading 
in  London,  lying  at  cotton's  wharf,  and  will  be  dis- 
patched immediately  direct  for  Milford,  Haverfordwest, 
and  Carmarthen.  For  freight  or  passage  apply  to  the 
commander  on  board,  or  at  the  Rose  and  Crown  Tavern, 
Horsleydown.  A  note  at  the  foot  of  the  bill  supplies 
some  details  with  regard  to  local  transport.  *  N.B. — 
Should  the  gentlemen  in  and  near  Cardigan,  be  pleased 
to  order  their  goods  by  the  Mary,  every  attention  will 
be  paid  by  the  commander  in  having  them  safely  for- 
warded by  carrier  from  Haverfordwest  or  Carmarthen, 
or  by  water  from  Milford,  as  vessels  are  daily  loading 
there  for  Cardigan  direct.' 

In  the  same  year  '  the  smack  Phoenix,  constant  trader 
from  Bristol  to  Fishguard  and  Cardigan  [is]  now  taking 
in  goods  at  the  Welch  Back,  Bristol,  Cardigan  Slip,  and 
will  sail  in  a  few  days,  if  wind  and  weather  permit.    John 


Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File.  211 

James,  Master.  That  was  in  the  month  of  May.  In  June 
another  notice  of  the  same  vessel  and  master,  again 
lying  at  the  Welch  Back,  ready  to  take  in  goods  for 
22  places  of  which  a  list  is  given,  including  nearly  all  the 
places  within  a  radius  of  twenty  miles  of  Cardigan, 
'  with  many  others  too  numerous  to  insert.' 

Another  route  from  lyondon  to  Carmarthen  is  disclosed 
by  a  slip,  undated,  announcing  a  reduced  price  for  the 
carriage  of  Teas  from  I/ondon  to  Carmarthen  by  way  of 
Bristol  and  Steam  Packets  to  Swansea  twice  a  week  : — 

If  by  waggon  to  Bristol  and  Steam  to  Swansea  (in  7 
days),  9/-  per  cwt. 

If  by  Canal  to  Bristol  and  Steam  to  Swansea,  6/6  per  cwt. 

'  Performed  by  D.   Rees  &  Co.,  Carmarthen.' 
The  slip  was  printed  by  Brigstocke,  Carmarthen. 

Such  notices  bring  before  the  mind  a  vivid  picture  of 
the  methods  by  which  goods  were  transported  in  those 
times.  Vessels  loading  at  London  or  Bristol  conveyed 
their  very  miscellaneous  cargoes  to  Cardigan  or  Car- 
marthen, whence  the  various  consignments  were  con- 
veyed by  carriers'  carts  to  their  destination. 

Fishguard  as  an  import  centre  appears  in  a  notice, 
1826,  announcing  for  sale  a  cargo  consisting  of  '  the  best 
Pine  Timber  in  Balk,  a  few  pieces  of  Oak,  and  a  quantity 
of  Lathwood  from  Quebec,  in  North  America,  by  the 
brig  Eclair.  Thomas  Griffiths,  Commander.  The  cargo, 
unless  disposed  of  at  Fishguard  wholesale,  will  be  retailed 
in  any  quantity  at  prime  cost  ;  particulars  from  Mr, 
Thomas  Davies,  Fishguard  bottom,  or  Mr.  Morse,  Cardi- 
gan.' A  week  later  the  brig  had  arrived,  and  a  further 
notice  was  issued  offering  for  sale  '  Pine  in  Balk,  Deals,  Oak 
pieces,  Mast  pieces  (Red  Pine),  Spars,  and  Lathwood.  A 
very  superior  sorted  cargo  in  quality,  length,  and  size, 
and  well  deserving  the  notice  of  the  public,  as  it  will  be 
disposed  of  at  reduced  prices.' 

An  invitation  to  the  owners  of  Cardigan  vessels  to  take 


212  Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File. 

part  in  carrj-ing  cargoes  outside  the  regular  course  of 
their  business  is  contained  in  a  notice  issued  in  March, 
1838  (printed  at  Cardigan)  : — '  To  owners  and  masters 
of  vessels.  Many  thousand  tons  of  Iron  Ore,  ready  at 
the  Port  of  Wliitehaven,  to  be  shipped  for  Cardiff.  Vessels 
of  200  tons  burthen  and  under,  dispatched  in  one  tide. 
For  freight  particulars  apply  to  Mr.  William  Steward, 
Iron  Ore  Ofhce,  Whitehaven.' 

Emigration  to  America  is  the  subject  of  four  broadsides 
in  the  collection  covering  the  years  1839 — 1841.  In 
the  first  of  these  Messrs.  Fitzhugh  and  Grimsham  of 
Liverpool,  proprietors  of  a  line  of  packet  ships  trading 
from  Liverpool  to  New  York,  set  forth  the  attractions 
of  their  vessels,  and  the  paternal  care  with  which  they 
provide  for  the  comfort  and  convenience  of  their  passen- 
gers. Those  who  desire  to  secure  a  passage  are  to  com- 
municate with  Mr.  T.  Davies,  druggist,  Cardigan,  who  is 
duly  authorised  to  treat.  The  proprietors  propose  as 
soon  as  a  sufficient  number  is  obtained  to  have  a  steamer 
down  at  New  Quay  to  take  them  to  Liverpool,  '  thereby 
saving  them  a  great  deal  of  expence  and  trouble.'^ 

Two  other  emigration  posters  run  on  similar  lines,  but 
have  the  distinction  of  being  in  Welsh  and  English. 
The  date  is  1841,  and  the  agent  for  the  shipping  of 
passengers,  was  Mr.  Benjamin  Evans,  Pendre,  Cardigan. 
A  definite  date  is  given  in  the  second  of  these  posters  for 
departure.  The  steamer  for  Liverpool  will  be  at  Cardigan 
on  July  2nd,  and  will  call  at  New  Quay  on  the  following 
day.  After  arriving  at  Liverpool  it  is  guaranteed  that 
passengers  will  not  be  detained  above  three  da3^s  before 
sailing,  wind  and  weather  permitting,  or  each  passenger 
will  be  allowed  one  shilling  per  day  according  to  Act 


1  Mr.  Howell  Jones  of  Topeka,  U.S.A.,  whose  parents  emigrated 
from  the  neighbourhood  of  Llanon,  Cardiganshire,  when  he  was  a 
child,  told  me  that  he  remembers  the  journey  to  Aberayron,  and  from 
there  in  a  small  ship  to  Liverpool,  to  join  the  vessel  for  New  York. 


Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File.  213 

of  Parliament.  The  names  and  tonnage  of  seven  vessels 
sailing  from  Liverpool  to  New  York  are  given  ;  they 
range  in  size  from  641  to  11 40  tons. 

The  details  just  quoted,  and  the  wording  of  the  posters 
suggest  that  emigrants  found  the  voyage  to  the  States 
a  trying  business,  and  that  promises  of  improved  condi- 
tions and  better  despatch  were  necessary  in  order  to 
induce  people  to  emigrate. 

The  other  emigration  broadside  deals  with  a  voyage 
from  Cardigan  direct  to  New  York.  The  date  is  1840, 
and  the  notice  is  in  Welsh  and  English.  '  To  emigrants  to 
America  '  is  rendered  in  Welsh,  '  Ymfudwyr  i  America.' 
The  vessel  is  the  fast-sailing  first  class  ship  Triton,  400 
tons,  David  Rees,  Master,  the  owner  being  Mr.  D.  Davies, 
Merchant,  Bridgend,  Cardigan.  This  vessel,  when  the 
notice  appeared,  '  was  being  fitted  out  for  emigrants,' 
and  was  to  sail  on  or  about  the  latter  end  of  February. 
If  she  sailed  with  a  full  complement  of  passengers,  the 
emigrants  who  went  in  this  '  converted  '  first  class  fast 
sailing  ship  probably  experienced  a  rough  time. 

Many  notices  dealing  with  the  control  and  administra- 
tion of  the  town  and  port  are  on  the  file.  The  Mayor 
convenes  (1841)  a  meeting  in  response  to  a  request  from 
certain  ratepayers  for  considering  the  best  mode  of  im- 
proving the  harbour.  Any  persons  digging  for  or  Shipping 
Ballast  from  the  beach  adjoining  the  lands  of  Thomas 
Lewes  Lloyd,  Esq.,  at  or  near  Cibwr,  will  be  prosecuted 
(1858).  All  limestone,  gravel,  stone,  slate,  or  rubbish, 
now  lying  on  the  banks  of  the  river  Tivy,  must  be  removed 
within  fourteen  days,  and  all  or  any  such  matter  here- 
after discharged  from  any  vessel  or  vessels,  trading  to 
or  from  the  port  of  Cardigan,  must  be  removed  .  .  • 
within  three  days  after  being  discharged,  for  the  better 
navigation  of  the  said  river  Tivy.  An}'-  parties  offending 
will  be  prosecuted  (1858).  The  Mayor  convenes  a  public 
meeting  for   April    ist,    1861,   for   considering  the  pro- 


214  Local  History  froju  a  Printer's  File. 

priet}'  of  erecting  a  Pier  or  Breakwater,  near  Penrhyn 
Castle,  in  the  parish  of  St.  Dogmells.  There  are  various 
notices  deaHng  with  the  preservation  and  improving  of 
the  salmon  fishery  in  the  river  Tivy,  and  also  relating 
to  the  Cardigan  Bay  Fishing  company. 

Notice  is  given  (1850)  that  in  pursuance  of  the  instruc- 
tions of  the  Lords  Commissioners  of  the  Admiralty, 
Captain  John  Washington,  R.N.,  Inspector  of  Harbours, 
will  attend  at  the  Town  Hall,  Cardigan,  to  inquire  into 
certain  complaints  against  the  owners  of  slate  quarries 
and  others,  on  the  banks  of  the  Tivy,  of  causing  damage 
to  the  navigation  of  that  river,  and  the  harbour  of  Cardi- 
gan, by  allowing  the  refuse  of  the  quarries  to  fall  into 
the  stream  ....  all  persons  interested  are  invited  to 
attend. 

April,  1827.  '  A  Caution.  Whereas  the  sloop  Friendship 
of  Cardigan,  Richard  Finch,  Master,  is  lost  between  New 
Quay  and  Lansantfraed  ;  as  part  of  the  wreck  has  not 
come  ashore  yet,  the  mast,  riggins,  and  other  materials 
that  belong  to  the  said  sloop  is  expected  ;  Therefore,  this 
is  to  give  notice  that  whosoever  will  pick  them  up  will 
be  rewarded  for  their  trouble  ;  but  whosoever  will 
conceal  the  said  property  will  be  prosecuted  according  to 
law.  Signed,  W.  Finch,  Wm.  James,  Wm.  Davies,  Thos. 
Thomas.' 

A  notice  issued  in  1826  b}^  the  Customs  officer  deals 
with  licenses  for  navigation.  '  Notice  to  Mariners.  Acts 
6th  Geo.  IV.  Cap.  108  and  no.  That  from  and  after 
the  5th  January,  1826,  all  vessels,  not  square-rigged,  and 
all  boats  whatever  (except  such  as  are  used  solely  in 
owners  and  in  land  navigations),  be  subject  to  seizure 
and  forfeiture,  unless  the  owners  thereof  shall  have 
obtained  a  licence  for  navigating  the  same  from  the 
commissioners  of  His  Majesty's  Customs  ;  and  the  owners 
of  such  vessels  and  boats  are  also  required  to  have  the 
name  painted  in  white   or   yellow  letters,  upon  a  black 


Local  History  from  a  Printer's  File.  215 

ground  on  some  conspicuous  part  of  the  stern,  and  the 
port  to  which  she  belongs,  in  a  distinct  and  legible  manner, 
or  the  owner  or  master  shall  forfeit  the  sum  of  one  hundred 
pounds.' 

A  notice  dated  Dec.  11,  1826,  deals  with  a  co-operative 
fund  for  the  benefit  of  seamen  and  their  dependents. 
It  runs — '  Port  of  Cardigan.  To  ship-owners  and  Masters. 
In  pursuance  of  the  Act  of  Parliament  passed  in  the 
20th  year  of  the  reign  of  King  George  the  2nd.  Intituled 
'  an  Act  for  the  relief  and  support  of  maimed  and  disabled 
seamen,  and  the  widows  and  children  of  such  as  shall 
be  killed,  slain,  or  drowned  in  the  Merchant  Service. 
Notice  is  hereby  given  that  a  general  meeting  will  be  held 
at  the  Town  Hall,  in  the  town  of  Cardigan,  on  Thursday, 
the  4th  day  of  January  next,  at  eleven  o'clock  in  the 
forenoon,  for  the  purpose  of  appointing  Fifteen  Persons 
to  be  local  Trustees  for  the  collection  and  application 
of  the  sixpence  per  month,  payable  by  all  seamen,  em- 
ployed in  merchant  ships  and  vessels  belonging  to  the 
Port  of  Cardigan.' 

The  contributions  of  the  seamen  were  paid  through 
the  Master  or  Owner  of  a  vessel,  who  it  may  be  presumed 
deducted  the  amounts  from  the  men's  wages,  an  early 
example  of  the  '  levy  '  in  general  use  to-day  in  the  South 
Wales  coal-field.  That  the  contributions  were  not  always 
paid  promptly  appears  from  a  printed  notice  of  which 
200  copies  were  printed  in  1827. 

Sir, 

I  beg  to  inform  you,  the  Master  of  the 
has  not  paid  the  money  due  to  the  merchant  seaman's 
fund  since  and  as  the  Master  or  Owner  are 

subject  to  the  forfeiture  of  twenty  pounds  for  such 
neglect,  you  will  therefore  be  proceeded  against,  unless 
immediate!}'  discharged.  I  am.  Sir,  your  humble  servant, 
Richard  Dickens,  Collector  of  the  said  fund,  at  the  Port 
of  Cardigan. 


2i6  Local  History  from  a  Prinier's  File. 

The  fund  appeared  to  be  localised  at  the  several  ports. 
A  later  Act  (iv. — v.  William  IV.)  established  the  Corpora- 
tion for  the  relief  of  seamen,  and  fixed  the  contributions 
at  2/-  per  month  for  masters,  and  i/-  per  month  for  each 
other  person  employed  on  the  ship. 


[To  he  continued  in  Vol.  X.) 


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Pembrokeshire   Hearths  in   1670. 


Among  the  Lay  Subsidies  at  the  Public  Record  Office 
is  a  Roll  containing  particulars  of  the  Hearth  Tax  levied 
on  the  householders  in  Pembrokeshire  in  the  year  1670. 
This  document  is  extremely  interesting,  as  it  gives 
practically  a  complete  list  of  the  number  of  inhabited 
houses  in  each  parish  in  the  county,  and  also  the  names 
of  the  householders  then  occupying  them,  and  as  it 
states  the  number  of  the  hearths  in  each  house,  it  is 
possible  to  form  some  idea  of  the  size  of  the  more  im- 
portant residences  in  the  county  in  1670.  In  the  Roll 
the  householders  in  each  parish  are  divided  into  two 
classes,  '  Persons  Liable  '  and  '  Paupers  Certified,'  and 
the  number  of  the  hearths  are  given  in  Roman  numerals. 
In  the  copy  of  the  Roll  given  below  modern  figures  are 
substituted  for  the  Roman  numerals.  The  footnotes 
are  supplied  by  the  Editor. 

COUNTY  OF  PEMBROKE. 

Hearth  Tax.       22  Car.  II.        1 670. 

A  duplicate  of  the  Booke  or  Roll  of  the  Accounts  of 
all  hearthes  and  stoves  in  all  the  houses,  edifices,  lodgings 
and  chambers  in  the  severall  parishes  within  the  county 
of  Pembroke,  taken  in  the  yeare  of  our  Lord  God,  one 
thousand  six  hundred  and  seventy,  and  examined  b}^  the 
King's  Majesties  officers  appointed  for  that  purpose, 
and  the  petty  constables  of  the  severall  parishes  within 
the  said  county  by  vertue  of  severall  Acts  of  Parliament 
for  the  collecting  and  leavying  the  revenue  ariseing  by 
hearthes,  and  certified  and  returned  to  the  Justices  of 
the  Peace  att  the  generall  Sessions  of  the  Peace  holden 
for  the  said  county  the  tenth  day  of  January  in  the  two 
and  twentith  yeare  of  his  said  Majestic 's  raigne,  and  there 


2l8 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


approved  of  by  the  Justices  of  the  Peace  of  the  said 
county  whose  names  are  underwritten  and  theire  associ- 
ates, and  to  be  certified  to  His  Majestie's  Remembrancer 
in  the  Exchequer,  according  to  the  said  Acts  of  Parlia- 
ment. 

KILGARRON  HUNDRED. 


Lantood  Parish. 


PERSONS   LYABLE. 


Hearths. 


Phillipp  Owen 
Eynon  Walter 
Rice  Hugh 
John  Griffith 
Philip  Owen 
Rees  Mathias 
Robert  David 
John  Thomas 
David  James 
John  Sambroke 
Rice  Thomas 
Richard  Ford 
William  Thomas 
George  Lewis 
Morgan  John 
Eynon  John 
James  Martin 
Evan  John  Lewhelin 
William  Devonalt^ 


PAUPERS  CERTIFIED 

George  Morice    . 
John  Rees 
Rees  Thomas 
Thomas  David 
John  Thomas 
Evan  John  Phillipps 
Rees  Griffith 
William  Devonalt 
Rees  Harry 
Luce  Evan 
George  William 


Bridell  Parish, 


PERSONS 

Thomas  Griffith 
James  Phillip 
Howell  Morice    . 
David  Robert     . 
William  Gwynn 
Thomas  Wil  iam 
Thomas  Jones    . 
David  Bowen 
Thomas  Gwyn 
Owen  William    . 
Thomas  Beavan 
Morice  Thomas 
William  Thomas 
James  David 
Thomas  James 


PAUPERS 

Thomas  Morgan 
Thomas  ap  Thomas 
John  Hughes 
Morgan  Thomas 
John  Jenkin,  smith 
Alice  Pilmoore 
Thomas  David 
David  John 
Thomas  Bevan  Morice 
Gwynllyan  Bowen 
Thomas  Morice 
Morice  Jenkin    . 
John  Phillip 
Hugh  Richard 
Morgan  Thomas 


LYABLE. 

Hearths. 
I 
2 
I 
I 
2 
2 
2 
2 
2 


His  will  was  proved  on  30  May,  1704. 


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HirSBVSIAD 

I'ir.Cyhoedd. 

V 

Yr  \vyf  fi  Stephen  Thomas,  yn  ngwasanaeth  Mr.  Levi  Philfips,  Siop'rt'r,- 
Aberleifi,  yn  tystio  i'r  Cyhoedd  nadoes  ilira  gwiriooedd  yn  y  dywediad  disail  a  daenir 
At  hyd  y  wlad,  sef  yw  hyny,  fy  mod  yn  adnabod  y  dyn  a  vmosododd  arnaf  ar  y 
ffordd  o'r  Gawse,  (LlaiUwd)  i  Abcrteifi,  ary  30ain  0  lonawr  d'iweddaf;  ac  mai  Davia 
James,  Tafannvr,  Cross  Way,  ger  Rhydcarnvven,  oedd  hwnw.  Ni  ddywedais,  ac  nia, 
gallaswn  ddywedyd  liyny,  am  nas  gw^n  pwy  oedd;  on-d  credwyf  mai  nid  David  James 
ydoedd,  oblegyd  ei  ibd  yn  llai  o  gorpholneth  na'r  ua  a  ymosododd  arnaf,  ac  hefydf" 
cheiAVydd  mae  ya  Saenoneg  y  llefarai  hWnW  ■*^rthyf.- 
'  Arwyddwyd,- " 

STEPEIES  TfifOMAS. 
JtlaVvrlh  16eg,  1849.  -^ 

Yr  wyf  fi  Thomas  Llewellin,  Tredefaid,  yn  hysbysu  y  Cyhoedd  nad  oes  urt 
gair  0  wirionedd  yn  y  chwedl  a  I'ynegir  g-.in  rai,  meddynt,  ar  hyd  y  gymmydogaeth 
hon,  sef  fy  mod  wedi  dala  dyn  yn  lledrata  yn  fy  nh}>,  ac  mai  y  David  James  uchod 
ydoedd.  Ni  bu  lleidr  yn  fy  nh^  i,  o  ganlyniad  nis  gall  y  cyFryw  gyhuddiad  fod  ya 
wirionedd.  Blin  fod  ceiwyddau  mor  Uiosog  yn  ngwlad  y  Beiblau.  Cofied  y  cel- 
■wyddwyr  hyn  ohynailan  eiriau  Sorompn; — ''  Najeddwl  ddrwg yn  erby'n  dij  gyitmydog , 
ac  yntau  yn  trigo  yn  ddio/al  yn  dy  ymyl" 

Arwyddwyd, 

TH0](IAS  tLEtVELLlN. 
Mawrth  I7eg,  1849. 


l*vvy  by  nag  a  ddywedo  rhagllaw  fy  modi  yn  etiog  o  ua 
or  Cjhuddiadau  uchod,  a  gospir  yn  ol  Uymder  eithaf  y  Gyf- 
raith:  ae  yr  Wyf  yn  addaw  Pmm«  o  wobrwy  i'r  neb' a  dystia 
glywed  o  bono  arall  yn  dywedyd  hyny,  fel  ag  i'w  ddwyn 

DAVID  JAMESv 


Isaac  Thomas,  ArgrafTydd/  Aberteift.       ,  . 

FURTHER    GLEANINGS    FROM    A    PRINTER'S    FILE. 

Plate    III    (reduced) 


To  face  p.  219.] 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


219 


Bridell  Parish  (continued.) 

Hearth 

Thomas  David,  taylor 

Hugh  Lloyd 

George  Lewis 

Morice  Richard        .... 
Anne  Marsh 

Llanihangell  and  Llan- 
golman  Parish/ 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

Morice  Morgan 

David  Rees  Grifi&th 

Llewhelin  Rees 

Thomas  Phillip  William 

James  David  Morice 

Morice  Thomas 

Thomas  John 

John  Thomas 

Thomas  Jones 

David  Lewis 

John  ap  John 

Thomas  James 

Thomas  Jones 

Thomas  William  David 

James  Lloyd,  esq 

Llewhelin  David      ....      2 

David  Thomas         ....      2 

Morgan  John i 


Hearths. 


PAUPERS. 


James  Rees 
Thomas  James 
Humphrey  John 
James  Evan 


William  David 
Rees  Young 
Thomas  Harry 
David  Thomas 
John  James 
John  Thomas     . 
William  Phillips 
Rees  John 
John  ap  John     . 
Margarett  Rees 
Evan  Thomas 
Thomas  John 
Roger  Griffith    . 
James  John 
Morgan  David 
Evan  David 
Jennett  Rees 
Evan  Phillipps 
Jenkin  Lloyd 


Kilgarron  Towne  and 
Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

John  Richard 2 

Thomas  John i 

Griffith  Robert         .      .      .      .  i 

Warren  Thomas'     .      .      .      .  i 

Thomas  Jones 4 

Rees  David 2 

David  Evan i 

Thomas  Bevan 2 

Mary  Evan         i 

Jenkin  Jones* 3 

Rees  Vaushan*         ....  6 


1  Llanfihangel  Penbedw  and  Capel  Colman. 

*  Of  Cilrhwe. 

3  He  was  the  nephew  of  Francis  Warren  of  Cilgerran,  one  of  the 
Warrens  of  Trewern  in  the  parish  of  Nevern. 

*  The  will  of  Jenkin  Jones  was  proved  on  25  June,  1689  ;    his  son 
was  Theophilus  Jones  of  Rhosygilwen. 

*  Administration  of  his  effects  was  granted  on  27  June,   1683,  at 
Carmarthen. 


220 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


Kilgarron  Towne  &  Parish 

(continued.).  Hearths. 

David  Parry 2 

John  Garnons^         ....  2 

James  Garnons*       ....  2 

Jenkin  Lloyd 2 

David  Thomas         ...  i 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 
Thomas  Bowen 
David  Bowen     . 
Thomas  Robert 
Morgan  Thomas 
John  Morgan 
Katherine  Morgan 
George  Bevan    . 
John  Griffith      . 
Richard  Phillipp 
Edward  Thomas 
Owen  Phillip 
Richard  Thomas 
Robert  Rees 
David  Morice     . 
James  Bevan 
Thomas  Howell 
John  Price 
David  Jenkin     . 
Griffith  Thomas 
James  David  William 
Morice  Morice    . 
George  Lloyd     . 
Ellen  or  James    . 
George  Francis 
Harry  John 
Thomas  Pritchard 
John  Humphrey 
James  David 
Mary  Phillipp     . 


Hearths. 


Emanuell  Richard 
John  Jenkin 
Rees  George 
Anthony  John 
James  Griffith    . 
John  Emanuell 
Richard  Griffith 
Hugh  Thomas 
Phillip  Rees 
Richard  Thomas 
John  Hugh 
Owen  Thomas 
Thomas  Lloyd 
Rees  Lloyd 
Evan  Lloyd 


Manerdivy  Parish. 

PERSONS  LYABLE. 

John  David  Powell 
David  Morice^    . 
John  William     . 
Thomas  Lloyd 
Gwenllyan  William 
Abell  James 
John  Morgan 
John  Phillip 
John  David  Jenkin 
Jennett  Lloyd 
Llewhelin  Thomas 
Katherine  David 
James  Beavan 
Thomas  John     . 
John  Phillip 
David  Richard 
Reynald  Jenkin,  esq. 


1  Administration  of  the  goods  of  John  Garnons  was  granted  on  3 
April,  1675. 

2  Of  Pengaltyrhywe  in  the  parish  of  Cilgerran. 

3  His  will  was  proved  at  Carmarthen  on  6  Oct.,  1691.     He  owned 
Cilwendeg  in  the  parish  of  Capel  Colman. 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


221 


Manerdivj'  Parish 

(continued). 
Robert  Beavan 
Dorothy  Vaughan 
David  William 
Wenffrid  Burt' 
David  Llewhelin 
John  Rece 
John  Morgan 
Thomas  Parry 
Richard  Lloyd 
George  David     . 
Edward  Morgan 
Gwenllean  Howell 
Thomas  Richard 
Hector  Phillipps,  esq.' 
Griffith  Thomas 
Anne  David 


PAUPERS  CERTIFIED 

Griffith  James 
Rees  Griffith  Evan 
David  John  Morgan 
Evan  David 
Thomas  John     . 
Katherine  Lewis 
Griffith  Evan 
Griffith  Lloyd     .      . 
Richard  David,  weaver 
John  Thomas     . 
Morice  Thomas 
George  John 
Thomas  John  Thomas 
John  David 
Evan  ap  Beavan 
Thomas  Griffith. 


Hearths. 


Hearths. 
I 
I 
I 

3 
I 


Rees  ap  Owen 
Roes  ap  John 
Morgan  Rees 
John  Jenkin 
Lewis  William 
Vincent  John 
Thomas  Thomas 
Elizabeth  Morice 


Clydey  Parish. 

PERSONS    LYABLE. 

David  Griffith    .      . 
James  Vaughan,  clerk 
Owen  James  Morgan 
James  William 
Thomas  Morice 
David  Llewhelin 
John  James,  smith 
Morgan  Owen     . 
Evan  David 
Thomas  Jenkin 
Margarett  Jenkin 
Thomas  ap  Evan 
David  John  of  Penygloy 
James  Thomas 
Morice  William 
David  Owen 
Tobias  Saunders^ 
David  Morgans,  esq.* 
John  Thomas  James 
Mary  Thomas,  widow 
James  Richard 
David  Morgan,  gent.* 


1  She  was  either  the  daughter  of  Thos.  Jones  of  Dolaucothi,  co. 
Carmarthen,  and  wife  of  Robert  Birt  of  Llwyndyris,  co.  Cardigan,  or 
her  daughter  Winifred  who  married  William  Brigstocke  of  Llechdwni. 

*  He  was  the  son  of  Hector  Phillipps  of  Cardigan  Priory. 

3  The  ancestor  of  the  Saunder's  of  Pentre  and  Glanrhydw.  See 
West  Wales  Hist.  Records,  Vol  II.,  p.  i6i. 

«  Of  Coedllwyd. 

5  Of  Blaenbilan  ;  his  will  was  proved  at  Carmarthen  on  i6  May, 
1678. 


222 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


Clydey  Parish 

{coi\t:nued).  Hearths. 

Thomas  Jenldn  John    .      .      .  i 
John  Griffith  David 

Griffith  Morgan^       ....  3 

Morice  David 4 

Henry  David  Phillip     ...  2 

Morgan  Thomas  James       .      .  i 

John  Thomas 2 

Mathias  Powell        .      .      .      .  i 

David  Thomas  Powell        .      .  i 

David  Jenkin i 

Thomas  David         ....  2 

Thomas  Robert        .      .      .      .  i 

Morgan  James  William       .      .  2 

James  Morgan          .      .      .      .  i 

Thomas  David         ....  1 

PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Inon  Morice 
David  John 
James  Griffith 
David  Harry 
John  Griffith 
Thomas  John 
Jane  Griffith 
Thomas  Griffith 
Evan  Lloyd 
Morgan  Thomas 
Katherine  Morgan 
Susan  Lewis 
John  Lewis 
David  David  Rees 
William  David 
Owen  Morgan     . 
Morgan  David    . 
Anne  Llewhelin 
James  John 
Philip  John 
Evan  ap  Owen 
Thomas  Griffith  Morgan 
Eynon  David 
Griffith  Rees 


Hearths. 


John  Morgan 
Margarett  Griffith 
Elizabeth  Owen 
Mary  Morgan 
James  John,  fiddler 
John  Thomas  John 
James  Evan 
James  Morgan 
Evan  Morgan 
Morice  David  Bowen 
John  David 
Morgan  James 
David  Lewis 
John  Robert 
John  David  John    . 
John  Owen 
Gwenllean  Morgan 
Evan  John 
John  Rees 
John  Evan 
Jenkin  David     . 
Evan  Rees 
Hugh  Rees 
John  Bevan 
John  Parry 
John  Thomas  Lewis 
John  PhiUip       .      . 


Penrith  and  Castellan 
Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

Richard  Jenkin 
Susan  Morgan    . 
David  Phillip     . 
John  Rees  Jenkin 
David  Morgan    . 
Nicholas  Thomas 
Phillip  John 
Lewis  John 
Thomas  Bevan 


1  Administration  of  the  goods  of  Griffith  Morgan  was  granted  a 
Carmarthen  on  30  June,  1674. 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


22 


J 


Penrith  &  Castellan  Prrish 

{continued) .  Hearths. 

John  David  Griffith 
Gwenllian  Phillip 
Rees  George 
David  Thomas 
Alban  Rees 
John  Griffith       . 
David  Griffith    . 

PAUPERS  CERTIFIED 

David  Evan 
John  Griffith  James 
Evan  John 
Morice  Phillip     . 
John  Rouland    . 
David  Morice 
Richard  ap  Richard 
Thomas  ap  Evan     . 
John  ap  Owen  Hugh 
James  William 
Alice  David,  widow 
William  David 

Kilrhedin  Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 
Rice  Jones  i 


Rees  Morgan 
James  Lewis 
Morice  Evan 
William  Griffith 
Margarett  Griffith 
Lewis  David,  clerk 
James  Evan  Thomas 
Griffith  Thomas 
James  Beynon 
James  Beynon  Thomas 
David  James,  clerk^ 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

John  Davids 
Gwenllian  Lewis 
James  Evan 
Robert  Rees 
David  Francis    . 
David  Thomas 
John  James 
Jennett  Thomas 
Rees  Lewis 
Jane  Evan 
Genllian  Eynon 
Katherine  Evan 
David  Morgan    . 
Anne  John,  widow 


Hearths. 
I 
I 


KEMES  HUNDRED. 


Whitchurch  and  Nant- 
gwynne  Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

Thomas  Bevan  Lewis          •      .  i 

David  Morice i 

James  Owen i 

Owen  Bowen 2 

William  Morgan      .      .      .      .  i 


Morice  Ellis 
James  Morgan    . 
Rees  William 
Katherine  Picton 
Rees  Thomas 
George  Thomas 
George  Bowen* 
Mathias  George 
Phillip  John 
John  James 


1  He  was  rector  of  Cilrhedin  ;    his  daughter  Bridget  was  the  wife 
of  John  Don  Lee  of  Pibwr  near  Carmarthen. 
*  Probably  George  Bowen  of  Llwyngwair. 


22-1 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


Whitchurch  &  Nantgwynne 

Parish  (continued).  Hearths 

Nicholas  Morgan^ 

David  Lewis 

Nicholas  Morgan'^  ror  ye  mill    .      i 

Thomas  John  William        .      .      2 

John  David  Cawey        ...      3 

John  William  Nicholas 

William  Richard 

Morice  Thomas 

Thomas  Jenkin 

William  Miles     . 

Morice  Lewis 

Thomas  Bowen 

John  David,  junior 

William  Mathias      ....      2 

John  Thomas i 

Robert  Lewis 3 

Margaret  David       ....      2 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Thomas,  David,  weaver 
Lewis  Rees 
Duthgy  Rees,  widow 
Thomas  ap  Evan     . 
Maude  George    . 
Thomas  Lewis    . 
John  ap  Evan    . 
James  Thomas 
James  Llewhelin 
John  George 
Katherine  Rees 
William  Rees 
John  Griffith,  tucker 
Evan  Griffith 
William  Bevan 
Neast  John 
David  Phillip     .      . 
Phillip  Evan 
Howell  James    . 
Thomas  ap  Thomas 
John  David  Phillip 


Hearths. 


John  Row 
Rees  David 
Owen  David  Owen 
Morice  Jones 
George  Rees,  smyth 
Edward  James 
James  Morgan 


Monachlogddy  Parish. 


PERSONS   LYABLE. 
John  Howell 
Reynald  Morice 
Lewis  Bowen 
Phillip  Morgan 
Lewhelin  Lewis 
Griffith  David    . 
Llewhelin  William 
Howell  Morgan 
Lewhelin  John 
Richard  Hugh    . 
Griffith  Thomas 
Evan  Lewis 
Owen  Thomas    . 
WiUiam  Thomas 
Richard  Gibbin 
Katherine  Lewis 
Rouland  Powell 
Ruddrok  Jenkin 
Gwynllian  Thomas 
Richard  Morice 
Richard  Morice  of  Egloserrow 
Phillip  David  Phillip 
Lewis  James 
Maude  Thomas 
David  Bevan 
Richard  Hugh    . 


PAUPERS 
Thomas  David 
William  Beavan 


CERTIFIED 


1  He  was  the  son  of  Thomas  Morgan  of  Whitechurch  in  Kemes, 
gent. 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


22- 


Monaclilogcldy  Parish 

(conlinued) . 

Thomas  William 

Hugh  John 

La  wry  John 

John  Pugh 

Gwynllian  David,  widow 

Rees  Hugh 

Thomas  Griffith 

James  David 

Mary  John,  widow  . 

Anne  Evan 

Llewhelin  ...         .      . 

Jennet  John,  widow 

David  Jenkin 

Rees  David 

David  Lewis 

Morice  John 

James  David,  weaver 

Rees  John,  cobler 

Rees  Hugh,  labourer     . 

Margarett  Lewis 


Landilo  Parish. 


PERSONS   LYABLE. 


Hearths. 


Llangolman  Parish. 


John  Evan 
Griffith  Thomas^ 
Evan  Howell 
William  Melcher 
Griffith  Griffithes 


PAUPERS. 

None. 


PERSONS 


LYABLE. 

Hearths. 


Mary  Lewis 
James  Robert    . 
John  Lewis  David 
Thomas  Gibbon 
Llewhelin  Lewis 
Lewis  Evan  Phillip 
Gwynllian  Lewis 
Mary  Griffith      . 
Henry  Griffith 
Llewhelin  Lewis 
Llewhelin  Rees 
Thomas  Prosser 
Lewis  James' 
John  Lewis 
Jennet  Lewis 
Lewis  John 
Griffith  Morice* 


I  &  2 


PAUPER   CERTIFIED. 

John  Evan 
Griffith  Evan 
John  Anthony 
John  William     . 
William  Lewis 
Thomas  Howell 
George  Hugh 
John  William     . 
Richard  Thomas 
John  Harry 
Maud  John 
Evan  Thomas    . 


1  The  will  of  Griffith  Thomas,  described  as  of  Llandilovach,  co  Pem., 
was  proved  in  1652,  and  as  his  children  had  not  adopted  the  settled 
surname  of  Thomas,  it  would  appear  that  his  name  was  inserted  in 
the  above  list  although  he  was  dead. 

*  The  will  of  Mary  Lewis,  widow,  was  proved  at  Carmarthen  on  31 
May,  1688. 

»  The  will  of  Lewis  James  was  proved  at  Carmarthen  on  12  May, 
i6g6  ;    he  owned  land  in  Pennsylvania. 

*  The  will  of  Griffith  Morrice  was  proved  at  Carmarthen  on  18  Sept., 
1684. 

O 


220 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670 


Llangolman  Parish 

(continued) .  Hearths. 

Harry  Phillip i 

Thomas  Edward      .      .      .      .      i 
Jennett  David  .      .      .      .      i 

Llanvirnach  Parish. 


PERSONS   LYABLE. 

Griffith  Howell 
Morice  James     . 
Phillip  Thomas 
Phillip  James     . 
Owen  Thomas    . 
John  Llewhelin 
John  Eynon 
Tho.  Reynald  David 
Phillip  David  John 
Thomas  Owens 
Lewis  Thomas 
Roger  Owen 
Phillip  David  Philli 
Elizabeth  James 
David  John 
John  Rees  Griffith 
Evan  Morice 
David  William 
Evan  Morice 
Morice  PhilUp    . 
Jennett  Thomas 
Duthgy  John 
Lewis  Richard 
John  George 
Henry  Morgan 
Reynald  Thomas 
John  Devenalch 
Reynald  Thomas 

PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Henry  Rees 
Lewis  Pugh 
James  Harry 


Hearths- 


James  Jenkin  . 
EUinor  Lewis 
Johan  John 
Katherine  .  .  . 
GwynUian  James 
Rees  Thomas 
Lewis  Richard 
David  Richard 
William  Robert 
Sampson  John 
Morice  John 
James  John 
John  Rees  Griffith 
Richard  Thomas 
Henry  Phillip  . 
Evan  Jenkin 
Elizabeth  Evan 
Lewis  Edward 
Llewhelin  James 
Jennett  HoweU 
Katherine  Will 
Maud  Richard 
Thomas  David  Beavan 
Phillip  John,  tayler 
Morice  James  . 
John  Rees  Prodd[erch] 
John  Rees 
Mary  David 
Anne  John 
John  Evan 
Griffith  Morice 


Meline  Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

David  Mathias         ....  2 

Edward  Owen i 

Do.  his  forge i 

John  Deverox,  William  Morgan  2 

James  Bowen  ....  4 

Thomas  PhiUipps,  clerk^    .      .  3 

Margarett  James     .      .      .      .  i 


1  Of  Pontgynon.     His  will  was  proved  at  Carmarthen  in  1686. 
*  He  was  rector  of  Meline. 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


Meline  Parish 

(continued.)  Hearths. 

William  Bovven 
Widdow  Phillip 
Richard  Phillip 
David  James 
William  Howell 
Mathias  Morgan 
James  David 
Thomas  David,  smith 
Do.,  his  forge 
Thomas  ap  Thomas 
James  Thomas 
EUinor  John 
William  Bowen 
Hugh  Martin 
Thomas  Price     . 
Mary  Pryddero 
John  Bowen 
John  Phillip       .      . 
Evan  David 
Jenkin  Lewis,  mil  [ler] 
William  Griffith^      . 

PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Llewhelin  Rees 
Thomas  Harry 
Thomas  Rudder  [ch] 
George  Lewis 
Margarett  Evan 
Katherine  David 
George  Bowen 
George  Owen 
Jonathan  Lewis 
William  Lewis 
Anne  Phillip 
Katherine  Philp 
Evan  Richard    . 
John  William  Rees 
Morice  Fabian 
John  Phillip 


227 
Hearths. 


Ellinor  Anthony 
George  ap  Edward 
Miles  Thomas     . 
Owen  Luke 
David  John 
Thomas  David,  tayler 
John  Will 
Thomas  William 
John  Jenkin 
Edward  William 
John  William     . 
Anne  Lloyd 
John  William     . 
Morgan  Rees 
Hugh  Martin 
Richard  Beynon 
Thomas  ap  Evan 
Henry  William 
Thomas  ap  Evan 
Evan  David 
Luke  Rees 


Llanichloydog  Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

David  Thomas  Lloyd^        .      .  2 

Griffith  Dedwith      .      .      ,      .  i 

Owen  Lewis 2 

William  Robert       ....  2 

David  Robert i 

Thomas  Goodhead         .      .      .  i 

Owen  Thomas 2 

John  Jenkin 2 

Thomas  Reynald     .      .      .      .  i 

John  Owen          i 

John  William 2 

Thomas  David         ....  2 

John  William  Griffith         .      .  i 

Phillip  Thomas        .      .      .      .  i 


1  Of  Penybenglog.  His  will  was  proved  at  Carmarthen  on  13  Sept., 
1677. 

2  Probably  of  Cleanybeynog  in  the  parish  of  Llanychllwydog.  The 
will  of  a  John  Thomas  Lloyd  of  that  place  was  proved  at  Carmarthen 
on  5  Feb.,  1683-4. 


22S 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


Llanichloydog  Parish  {continued). 

PAUPERS   CERTIFIED. 

Hearths. 
Thomas  ap  Price 
Rouland  Lloyd 
Nicholas  Owen 
James  Owen 
Griffith  Harry    . 
Richard  Robert 
Watkin  Morgan 
Owen  Robert     . 
David  George     . 
Jenkin  Bateman 
Morice  Griffith 
Nicholas  David 
William  John     . 
Robert  John 
John  ap  Bevan 
John  Robert 

Castlebigh  Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

Thomas  Griffith 
Thomas  Griffith 
Howell  Griffith 
James  Vaughan 
Thomas  Hardin* 
Margarett  Eynon 
Jenkin  Hooper  . 
James  Phillipps" 
John  Llewhelin 
Morice  Adam      . 
Owen  John 
Griffith  William 
Thomas  James 
Thomas  John     . 
Hugh  William    . 
Lewis  Elliott,  clerk 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED. 

Hearths. 
Rowland  Thomas  .  .  .  .  i 
Rotheroe  David       .      .      .      .      i 

Lewis  David i 

Owen  Evan i 

Llanvernantygove 
Parish. 


PERSONS   LYABLE. 

John  Owen,  gent.*      .  . 
Richard  Ford^    .... 
John  Lewis         .... 
Thomas  Rees     .... 
William  Hyer     .... 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED. 

William  Phillip 
Robert  John 
John  Owens 
William  James 
Thomas  Morice 
Owen  Martin 
Jenkin  David     . 
Griffith  Thomas 
David  ap  David 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

James  Gwynne 
George  Thomas 
David  Phillip      . 
John  James 
John  Owen  Jenkin 
William  Davis 
John  Thomas     . 
Llewhelin  John 
Thomas  John     . 
John  Griffith      . 


1  Of  Long  Hooke.    The  inventory  of  his  goods  is  dated  6  Oct..  1697. 
He  was  the  father  of  Moris  Harding. 

2  Probably  the  grandson  of  William   Phillipps  of  Castlebigh.  and 
great  grandson  of  Morgan  Philipps  of  Picton  Castle. 

3  He  was  rector  of  Castlebigh. 
«  Of  Trecoon. 

6  See  West  Wales  Hist.  Records,  Vol.  VII.,  p.  6. 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


229 


Llanvernantygove  Parish 

{continued). 

Thomas  Perkin 

William  Morgan 

Thomas  Alban 

Owen  Abram 

Richard  Harry 

John  Robert 

John  Price,  clerk^ 

Gwenllian  Pill    . 

Evan  John 

Richard  Wogan 

John  Griffith  Nicholas 

Thomas  Griffith 

Thomas  Alban 

Rees  Morgan 

Morice  John 

Phillip  John       .      , 

Thomas  Richard 

Thomas  John,  tinker 

Anne  Dyer 

John  Morice 

William  George 

David  John 

Margarett  John 

Henry  Phillip     . 

John  George 

Evan  Thomas    . 

Thomas  Morice 

Thomas  David 

John  George  Owen 

George  Owen 

Thomas  Phillip 

John  James  Griffith 

John  Harry 

Morgan  Robert 

Henry  Thomas 

Alexander  Gwynne 

Morgan  Robert 

Phillip  David  for  Fishgard 


Hearths. 


Mill 


Phillip  Richard 
John  Mortimer 
David  Lloyd 
Jane  James 
Anne  Richard  Morice 
Phillip  Lewis 
Thomas  Owen  Jenkin 
Owen  John,  tinker 
Rees  James 
Anne  Richard    . 
John  Evan 
Margarett  Price 
Lewis  Alban 
Elizabeth  John 
Thomas  John 
Margarett  Mortymer 
William  John     . 
Henry  Griffith    . 
Jenkin  Morgan 
David  Davids    . 
Thomas  Griffith 
Owen  William  Harry 
Evan  David 
Phillip  John 
William  Howell 
Henry  William 
William  Harry 
Francis  Welch    . 
William  Morgan 
William  Thomas 
William  David 
Lewis  George 
David  John  Phillip 
Griffith  John  Morice 
Phillip  Griffith 
John  William  Harry 


Llanllawerne  Parish. 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED. 

Griffith  John  Robert    .      .      .      i 
John  Powell i 


PERSONS   LYABLE. 


Thomas  David 
Anne  Bateman 


1  He  was  Vicar  of  Fishguard. 


2.^0 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


Llanllaweme  Parish 

{continued) .  Hearths. 

Eynon  Bateman^     ....      3 
Owen  Morice 
Arthur  David     . 
Thomas  Bateman 
Anne  John 
John  David 

PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 
Phillip  Harry 
Owen  James 
Anne  William 
James  John 
Jenkin  David 
Anne  Hugh 
Griffith  Harry- 
Elizabeth  PhilUp 
James  Gwyllim 
Jenkin  David     . 
Phillip  Griffith 
Margarett  Morice 
Thomas  Owen    . 
Margarett  Owen 

Newcastle  Parish.^ 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

Thomas  Evan i 

David  Lewis i 

Griffith  Richard       .      .      .      .  i 

David  Evan i 

Sibell  John         i 

Edward  Jeffrey        .      .      .      .  i 

Thomas  John i 

George  Robert         .      .      .      .  i 

Watkin  John 2 

James  Rayad i 


Hearths. 
I 
I 

3 
I 


John  Phillip 
Thomas  Evan 
John  Symyns* 
John  David 
Owen  William 
John  Owen 
Thomas  Howell 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Margarett  David 
Griffith  Richard 
Edward  Evan    . 
William  Phillip 
Evan  Thomas    . 
Thomas  David 
William  Morgan 
James  Richard 
Thomas  Evan    . 
Watkin  William 
Thomas  Evan    . 
Phillip  Evan 
Morgan  Evan     . 


Maenclochog  Parish. 


PERSONS   LYABLE. 

Lewis  William* 
David  John 
John  Morice,  miller 
Rees  Harry,  tinker 
John  Griffith,  clerk 
William  Eynon 
William  Lewis 
Jane  William 
John  Gibby 
Thomas  Edward 
John  Rees 


1  His  will  was  proved  at  Carmarthen  on   11   Feb.,   1696-7  by  his 
widow,  Ursula  George. 

*  Little  Newcastle. 

'  Of  Colston  ;    his  will  was  proved  in  Carmarthen  on  26  May,  1709. 

*  Of   Bwlchyclawdd  ;     he   married   Elinor   the   eldest   daughter   of 
Thomas  Vaughan,  senior,  of  Farthingshook. 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


231 


Maenclochog  Parish                                                                              Hearth,. 

{continued).                               Hearths.         Davld  JameS I 

Edward  David          .... 

Mary  WilHam 

Evan  Bowen 

Jane  Phillip              .... 
Llewhelin  Richard 

1  John  Thomas i 

2  John  Phillip i 

I        Evan  John          i 

I       Thomas  Rosser        .      .      .      .      i 
I       Richard  Evan t 

Thomas  Vaughan^ 

PAUPERS   CERTIFIED. 

3       John  Jenkin,  hooper     .      .      .      i 

Richard  John r 

Owen  Hugh i 

Nicholas  Howell      .... 
Ellinor  Owen,  widow 

Owen  Lewis 

Margarett  John        .... 
Sarah  Richard         .... 

I       Henry  David i 

I       Owen  Hugh i 

I       Henry  David i 

I       Owen  Lewis i 

I       Owen  Thomas i 

Griffith  Lawrence          .      .      .      i 

Henrismote  Parish. 

Roger  William         .      .      .      .      i 
Thomas  Owen          .      .      .      .      i 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

Lewis  Griffith i 

John  William i 

William  Owen 

Lewis  William 

John  Morice 

Thomas  Bevan 

William  John     . 

Lewis  Owen 

Griffith  Lewis  Dedwith 

David  Lewis 

Ursula  Vaughan 

David  Lewis 

Margarett  James 

Henry  Johnes     . 

Richard  Morice 

William  Jenkin 

George  Owen  John  Griffith 

Jenkin  Griffith 

David  John 

Jane  Nicholas    . 

John  Will  .      .      . 

Phillip  John       .      .      . 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 
John  Richard     .... 


Morvill  Parish. 

PERSONS  LYABLE. 

William  Edward 
Jenkin  Llewhelin 
Owen  Gwyther 
David  Young  . 
Thomas  John  . 
Richard  Morice 

PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Gwenllian  John 

Rees  Edward     .... 

Walter  Daniell         .      .      . 

Pontvaine  Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

John  Lloyd 

David  Edward         .... 
John  Owen         


1  Of  Vorlan.    His  will  was  proved  at  Carmarthen  on  3  March,  171: 


13- 


232 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


Pontvaine  Parish. 

(continued). 

Elizabeth  Dedwith 
Henry  Nicholas 
David  John 
John  Lloyd 
Thomas  John     . 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED. 

Thomas  Rees i 

Griffith  Morgan        .      .      .      .  i 

Thomas  Rees i 

Thomas  Owen i 

Llanychaeth  Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

David  Thomas 
John  Vaughan 
Henry  Gwynne 
Thomas  Rees 
Margarett  John 
Thomas  ap  Thomas 
Eynon  Francis 
Thomas  Nicholas 
Hugh  John 
Thomas  Price     . 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Hugh  Mendes 
Robert  Owen 
Robert  John 
John  Robert 
Jennett  John 
Johan  Thomas 
John  Be van 
Robert  John 
Evan  John 
Lewis  Rees 
Thomas  Hugh 


Poncheston  Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

Hearths. 

Jenkin  Lewis,  clerk       ...  2 

Lawrence  Edward         .      .      .  i 

John  Symins i 

Evan  Symins^  and  John  Cor-  i 

nocke 

Thomas  Symins''      ....  4 

Hugh  Symins^          .      .      .      .  i 

John  Cornocke         .      .      .      .  i 

William  Griffith       .      .      .      .  i 

John  Morgan i 

David  William         .      .      .      .  i 

Morice  Thomas        .      .      .      .  i 

Evan  David i 

PAUPERS   CERTIFIED. 

Evan  Jenkin i 

John  Griffith i 

Owen  William i 

Mathias  Lewis i 

Dinas  Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

Griffith  John i 

Oliver  James 2 

Evan  ap  Bowen       ....  2 

William  Bowen        .      .      .      .  i 

Silvanus  Morice       ....  2 

Rees  John  and  Rees  Mathias  .  i 

Arthur  Robert         .      .      .      .  i 

Rees  John  Rees  Lewis        .      .  i 

Thomas  John i 

Morgan  Thomas       .      .      .      .  i 

John  Lloyd i 

William  George        .      .      .      .  i 

Griffith  James i 


1  Evan  and  Hugh  Symins  were  brothers  ;    the  will  of  Hugh  Symins 
was  proved  at  Carmarthen  on  6  Oct.,  1685. 

"  Of  Martell  ;    his  will  was  proved  at  Carmarthen  on  7  Sept.,  1683. 


Pembrokeshiye  Hearths  in  1670. 


233 


Dinas  Parish 

{continued.).  Hearths. 

Owen  Harry 
John  Phillipps 
David  Evan 
Ellen  Evan 
David  Griffith    . 
Phillip  Thomas 
David  John 
Thomas  Harry 

PAUPERS   CERTIFIED. 

William  John  Phillip 
James  ap  Bevan 
William  Owen    . 
John  David 
David  John  Rees     . 
Richard  Harry 
Thomas  John  Harry 
Henry  Evan 
Thomas  David  Edward 
George  James    . 
Thomas  John  Rees 
Robert  Owen 
Griffith  James    . 
John  Rees 
David  John 
David  Owen 
David  John 
Henry  Melchior 
Morgan  Thomas 
Evan  Harry 
John  William  Lloyd 
Henry  David 
George  Evan 
George  John  David 

Newport  Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 
James  Harry i 


Hearth. 


Thomas  William 
Robert  Lloyd  . 
David  Harry 
Jenkin  William 
John  ap  John  . 
Evan  Llewhelin 
Perrett  Bowen 
Griffith  Harry  . 
William  Williams 
William  Owen 
Owen  Evan 
William  John 
Jane  Folke 
James  George 
Nicholas  William 
Thomas  Hillier 
Morgan  Phillip 
Elizabeth  George 
John  Evan 
George  Davis,  clerk 
Thomas  Jones,  gent 
Henry  James 
Oliver  James 
John  Havard 
Marie  Rosser 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Morgan  ap  Morgan 
James  William 
Owen  Robert 
Edward  Lysa 
Johan  Penry 
George  John 
John  Griffith  Phillipp 
Samuell  Morgan 
Morgan  David    . 
Jenett  Thomas 
Evan  Roch 
George  William 
Elizabeth  Griffith    . 


1  Probably  of  Wenallt  in  the  parish  of  Nevern,  administration 
of  whose  goods  was  granted  at  Carmarthen  on  8  Feb.,  1686-7  to  his 
wife  Elizabeth. 

^  Administration  of  his  goods  was  granted  at  Carmarthen  on  23 
Feb.,  1692-3,  to  his  widow  Eleanor. 


234 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


Newport  Parish 

[continued) .  Hearths. 

Tho.  Rees  David  ap  Bevan 
Elinor  George     . 
Griffith  Rees 
John  William     . 
Katherine  James 
Nicholas  William 
Elizabeth  Harry 
Elizabeth  Lloyd 
Jane  Thomas 
Ellinor  Richard 
William  James 
David  John 
William  John     . 
Thomas  Pecttsall 
John  William     . 
Jenkin  Rees 
Thomas  Owen    . 
William  David 
James  Richard 
Owen  David  John 
Johan  James 
Richard  Rees 
Phillip  Harry     . 
Morice  Owen 
Evan  Rudd[erch] 
William  Rudd[erch] 
John  David  Evan 
Moses  David 
John  Lloyd 
Rees  ap  Rudd[erch] 
Phillip  Elis         .      . 
Owen  Bowen 
Peter  Griffith      .      . 
Ellinor  Griffith,  wddow 
John  Lloyd 
Anthony  Morgan 
Rouland  Hugh 
Elizabeth  Rees 
Morice  John 
Morice  John 


Eglosorow  Parish. 


PERSONS   LYABLE. 


Rees  Ruddero    . 
David  John 
John  Bevan 
William  Nicholas     . 
William  Owen,  junior^ 
Alexander  Ford 
Rees  Thomas 
Thomas  Griffith 
Richard  James 
Thomas  George 
John  Rees  Prydd[erch] 
Rees  Ruddero  ap  Rees 
Philip  Bowen,  clerk" 
Henry  Miles 
John  Griffith 
David  Lewis 
Thomas  Bowen 
William  Jenkin 
Hugh  David 
Henry  Jenkin     . 
John  Thomas  Howell 
George  John  Phillip 
Sampson  Nicholas 
William  John  Powell 
George  John  George 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Richard  Ryddero 
Richard  John     . 
John  Rees 
David  John 
James  Lewis 
Elizabeth  Miles 
Rees  James 
Robert  Thomas 
Thomas  ap  Thomas 
Thomas  David 


Hearths. 

4 


1  Probably  of  Berllan. 
*  Vicar  of  Eglwyswrw. 


Pembrokeshiye  Hearths  in  1670. 


235 


Eglosorow  Parish 

Heartki 

[continued).                                Hearths.         David  John          .        .        . 

I 

William  Bevan         .      .      .      .      i       Evan  Ruddrerch] 

2 

Lewis  Thomas 

I       James  Morgan 

2 

Phillip  William 

I       Owen  John 

.        2 

John  Thomas  David 

I       William  leroth 

I 

Ryddero  Price 

I       leroth  John 

I 

Rees  ap  John     . 

I       George  Lloyd 

2 

Rees  ap  John,  tayler 

I       Griffith  William       .      . 

I 

Griffith  Jenkin 

I       David  Thomas 

I 

Phillip  Bevan     . 

I       Perrott  Bowen 

I 

Thomas  Morice 

I       Thomas  Knowles 

5 

Margarett  Rees 

I       Evan  Thomas    . 

I 

John  George 

I       Thomas  Rudd[erch]      . 

I 

Evan  John 

I       Thomas  James 

I 

Evan  David 

I 

Nevem  Parish.           j^^^r    !    ! 

I 
8 

PERSONS   LYABLE.                John  Tucker  clerk'      . 

4 

Martha  Vaughan     . 

I 

David  Mends i       Thomas  Price     . 

2 

Thomas  Bevan 

I       David  John,  glover 

I 

John  Serman 

2       James  Bowen,  esq.* 

6 

William  Ovk^en,  esq.'' 

10       Thomas  Hilier    . 

I 

John  Lloyd 

5       Thomas  Meyricke    . 

I 

Capt.  William  Owen 

2       Elizabeth  Francis    . 

2 

James  John 

2       William  Warren*           .      . 

5 

Jenkin  John 

I       Thomas  Phillipps* 

4 

Owen  Lloyd 

I       Lettice  Jones 

5 

EUinor  Pugh 

5       Thomas  Lloyd 

5 

Thomas  Webbe 

4       Lewis  Griffith     . 

I 

EUinor  Walter 

I       Morgan  Griffith 

5 

James  Richard 

I       James  David,  mill[er] 

I 

William  Young 

4       Evan  Lloyd 

I 

Evan  Rees,  senior 

2       George  William .      .      .      . 

I 

Owen  Jenkin 

I       Evan  William    . 

r 

Thomas  Morgan 

I       Morgan  Lewis    . 

I 

Owen  Rouland 

I       John  Rees  ap  John 

I 

John  William     . 

I       John  Bowen       .      .      .      . 

3 

1  Of  Henllys. 

*  Son   of   John   KnoUes   of  Crygmore,   co.   Cardigan  ; 
Lettice  the  daughter  of  Thomas  Jones  of  Wenallt. 

s  Vicar  of  Nevern. 

*  Of  Llwyngwair. 

*  Of  Trewern. 

*  Of  Pentre-Evan. 


he   married 


236 


Pemhrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


Nevem  Parish 

(continued) .  Hearths. 

Do.  where  Will.  Thomas  lived  1 
Lewis  ap  Bevan  .  .  .  .  i 
Thomas  Shelby  .  .  .  .  i 
Richard  Hellier        .      .      .      .      i 

David  James 2 

Mathias  Thomas  John  .  .  4 
Katherine  George 

Maude  James 3 

George  James i 

Thomas  James         ....      2 

David  Rosser 

Henry  Frees 

Thomas  Richard 

George  John 

William  David 

John  Thomas  John 

Thomas  ap  Thomas 

David  Bennett 

Rowland  Thomas 

Griffith  Parry     . 

Rees  Luke,  miller 

Alban  Warren    . 

PAUPERS   CERTIFIED. 

William  Yerwarth 
Thomas  Phillip  Harry 
Thomas  Hugh    . 
David  Griffith    . 
Robert  James    . 
Rees  Thomas 
David  Thomas  George 
John  Lewis 
Mary  Thomas    . 
Ellenor  Thomas 
Robert  James     . 
David  Thomas  George 
Thomas  Hugh    . 
Thomas  Phillip 
Morice  David     . 
William  ap  William 
John  Edward     . 
William  Rees 
Ellinor  Young    . 


Hearths. 


Katherine  Evan 
Mary  Thomas    . 
Lewis  James 
William  Bevan 
William  Vince    . 
Thomas  Lloyd 
Duggy  Picton     . 
Richard  William, 
Jane  Watkin 
Jane  Morice 
Evan  John 
Reynold  Phillipps 
Hugh  Lewis 
Anne  David 
Licky  Evan 
Margarett  Jones 
Peter  Richard    . 
Evan  Owen 
David  Thomas 
Lewis  Thomas 
Thomas  Mathias 
Mortimer  .   .  . 
Morgan  WiUiam 
George  Richard 
Thomas  ap  Evan 
Thomas  Phillipps 
Morice  Owen 
Maude  John 
Thomas  Lloyd 
Morgan  Lloyd    . 
David  Thomas 
Rees  Richard 
Evan  Thomas    . 
Edward  Younge 
Richard  Andrew 
Katherine  Morgan 
Mary  William 
John  Howell 
Evan  Griffith 
Thomas  Lewis 
John  Mathias 
John  Francis 
John  Lewis 
Owen  ap  Owen 


taylc 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  16/O. 


237 


Nevern  Parish 
[coHtin  ueit) . 

William  George 
David  Griffith    . 
George  Roger     . 
Thomas  Lewis    . 
William  Thomas 
John  William     . 
Thomas  ap  Bowen 
Rees  Younge 
John  Hugh 
Jennett  Thomas 
William  Richard 
John  David 
Maude  Edward 
John  Phillip 
William  Powell 
Margarett  Row 
David  Jenkin     . 
Evan  Griffith 
Morice  Vaughan 
John  Morgan 
David  George     . 
John  William     . 
George  Evan 
Phillip  Evan 
Christopher  David 
Thomas  John     . 
Phillip  Evan 
Evan  Younge     . 
John  Owen 
Griffith  John      . 
Evan  Rees 
David  ap  David 
Margarett  .   .  . 
Maude  John 
Morgan  Phillip 
William  Jenkin 
Margarett  James 
Margarett  William 
Griffith  Thomas 
George  Miles 
John  David 


Hearth 


Moninton  Parish. 


PERSONS    LYABLE. 


William  Rowland 
Elizabeth  Lloyd' 
Henry  George    . 
Lewis  Phillip 
John  Sambrooke 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Griffith  Proth[ero] 
Owen  Richard    . 
Edward  James 
Margarett  James 
Evan  Hugh 
Nicholas  John 
Phillip  Owen 
John  Owen 
James  Phillip 
Morgan  David 
Owen  Rees 

Bayvill  Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

Lewis  Bevan 
Rees  Williams    . 
William  Rowland 
Evan  Thomas    . 
Rees  William 
Henry  Bevan 
William  Gilbert 
Evan  Rees 
Lodwicke  Lloyd 

PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Herbert  Thomas 
Rees  Young 
William  Phillip 
David  Richard 
George  Edward 


Hfarlhi. 
2 
2 
I 


^  Of  Trevigm. 


2^s 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


Bayvill  Parish 

[continued) . 

"William  David  ap  Owen 
David  William 
William  ap  Owen 
Thomas  John     . 
David  Richard 
Morice  John 
Evan  Thomas 
Anne  Sily 
Edward  William 
John  Hugh 
Jane  David 
Miricke  William 
John  William 
Griffith  John 
James  Huten 
Dorothy  Owen 


PAUPERS 


CERTIFIED. 

Hearths. 


Henry  Miles,  clerk 
Jane  Robert 
Morgan  Lloyd    . 
Rees  Young 
Katherine  Lloyd 
Jane  Richard 
Thomas  David 
Evan  Thomas    . 
William  Richard 
Owen  Morgan     . 
Thomas  Thomas 
David  Francis    . 
Jennett  Rees 


St.  Dogmell's  Parish. 


PERSONS   LYABLE. 


Moilgrove  Parish. 

Thomas  Parry,  esq. 
George  James     . 

6 

2 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 

William  Thomas      .... 
William  Farry,  smith 

I 
I 

William  Richard      .      .      .      .      i 

Do.  his  forge 

I 

Jenkin  Lloyd 
Owen  Gwynne 
William  Griffith,  miller 

6 

4 

I 

Thomas  Parry          .... 

Elizabeth  Poulton 

John  James 

I 
2 

I 

Thomas  Evans 

I 

Mary  David,  widow 

2 

Elizabeth  Bowen     . 

I 

John  Bevan        

3 

Katherine  David     . 

I 

Rudderch  John        .... 

I 

Sage  Lewis 

I 

David  Richard  Jenkin 

I 

Morice  Griffith 

2 

Do.  where  James  Mathias  lived 

I 

John  Griffith      .      . 

I 

William  Rowland    .... 

I 

John  Evan 
John  James 
Lewis  Thomas 

2 
I 
2 

Jane  John 
George  Lewis 
Abram  Evan 

I 
I 
I 

Lewis  Phillipps 
Wi!iiam  Griffith 

I 
I 

James  Lloyd 
Francis  William 

I 
I 

James  Davenant     . 

2 

Evan  Morice 

I 

Evan  William    . 

1 

John  Hughes 

2 

James  Francis    . 

I 

Francis  Jones     . 

2 

Anne  Tucker 
Evan  Bowen  Lloyd 

2 

I 

John  Lloyd 
Thomas  William 

2 
I 

John  Beynon 

I 

Mathias  Thomas 

I 

Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


239 


St.  Dogmell's  Parish 

i^conlintied). 

Thomas  David  Griffith 

Richard  Price     . 

Nicholas  Rowland 

Do.  for  Evan  Young's  house 

Wiliiam  Rowland    . 

Evan  John  of  Llantoodc 

John  Hughes 

Martin  Rees 

Rees  ap  John 

Nicholas  Davies^ 

Howell  Thomas 

Thomas  Rees 

James  Griffith    . 

William  David 

Evan  ap  Evan  Price     . 

David  Thomas  Llewhelin 

Owen  John 

William  Mathias 

Thomas  Nicholas     . 

Hugh  Thomas    . 

John  Samrocke 

Reynold  Jenkins 

John  Bevan 

David  Webb       .      .      . 

George  David     . 

David  Thomas  Parry 

James  Phillips,  esq.^     . 

Watkin  David    . 


Hearth 


Hearths. 

2 
2 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Rees  Vaughan   . 
Nicholas  Hugh 
Henry  John 
Phillip  Thomas 
Ursula  John 
Thomas  Edward 


John  Parry 
Thomas  Bowen 
Griffith  George 
William  Rcece 
Richard  Vaughan 
Rees  William 
Rees  Thomas  David 
Richard  William 
Christian  Edward 
Rees  Thomas 
Evan  William 
James  Harry 
Mary  Watkin 
John  David  Lloyd 
John  David 
Evan  Hugh 
John  Phillip 
Thomas  David 
Evan  James 
Ellen  William 
Hugh  Rees 
Watkin  David 
David  Thomas 
John  Parry 
Ellen  John 
Thomas  Hugh 
Mary  David 
Mary  Harry 
John  ap  John 
Evan  Mathias 
Rees  Watkin 
James  Phillip 
Owen  Rees   . 
Mary  Lewis 
Rees  James 
Grace  John  . 
Elizabeth  David 


1  Of  Penyrallt.     His  will  dated  22  April,  1713,  was  proved  at  Car- 
marthen. 

2  Of  Cardigan  Priory.     He  was  son  of  Hector  Phillips,  and  a  lineal 
descendant  of  Sir  Thomas  Philipps  of  Kilsant. 


240 


Pembrokeshire  Hearths  in  1670. 


ROOSB  HUNDRED. 


Treffgarne  Parish. 


PERSONS 


LYABLE. 

Hearths. 


Richard  Browne 
Walter  Page 
Morgan  Peregrine 
James  Higgon^  . 
Thomas  Browne 
William  Browne 
Richard  Evans  . 
George  Currier,  clerk' 
John  Simon 

PAUPERS  CERTIFIED 
Tobias  Fallent   . 
Henry  Griffith    . 
Robert  Thomas 
Thomas  Hughes 
Henry  Browne  . 
John  NichoUs     . 
Sage  Bowen 
Jane  Harry,  widow 
Jane  William,  widow 

Lampson  Parish. 

PERSONS   LYABLE. 
John  Barron' 2 


Heart  hi. 


John  Husband  . 
Francis  Mathias 
Phillip  Moore     . 
Thomas  Long     . 
Owen  Harris 
Jenkin  Warlow 
Lewis  Wogan,  esq. 
John  Moris   . 
Katherine  Sayse 
David  Lolocke  . 
John  Wilkin 
Stephen  Warlow 
John  Rees,  miller 


PAUPERS   CERTIFIED 

Richard  Vale 
Rees  James 
Howell  Vawer    . 
Howell  Hough   . 
Peerce  Morce 
Mary  Menday    . 
Jennett  Gilford,  widow 
David  Griffith    .      . 
Thomas,  Morgan 
Evan  Jones 
Howell  Bevan    . 


1  Administration  of  his  goods  was  granted  at  Carmarthen,  on  24  May, 
1687,  to  his  widow.  Charity  Higgon. 

*  Vicar  of  Treffgarne. 

'  Probably  of  Haverfordwest;  administration  of  his  goods  was 
granted  at  Carmarthen,  on  27  Jan.,  1690-1. 


[To  be  continued  in  Vol.  X.]