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Woman's  Work^  Woman. 


A   UNION   ILLUSTRATED  MAGAZINE 
PUBLISHED  MONTHLY 

BY  THE 

WOMAN'S    FOREIGN    MISSIONARY  SOCIETIES 
OF    THE    PRESBYTERIAN  CHURCH. 


VOLUME  IX. 


SEP  -  'i  1986 


MISSION    HOUSE,    53    FIFTH  AVENUE, 
NEW  YORK. 


INDEX  TO  VOLUME  IX. 


1894. 


Acknowledgments  136,  248 

Announcement    106 

Africa  : 

Visit  to  the  Dwarfs   9 

Testifying  to  the  Grace  of  God,  III  ....  69 

Housekeeping  in  the  Bush   145 

Some  Gaboon  Women   146 

In  the  Gaboon  District   147 

The  Gospel  Offered  to  the  Bule   148 

The  Gaboon  Mission  Fleet   150 

What  All  Boys  Want  to  Hear  about  Africa    .  151 

Africa — Verse   152 

Glimpses  of  the  West  Coast   153 

Conversion  of  the  First  Fan   154 

Scraps  Which  Show  the  Trend   155 

Progress  at  the  New  Bule  Station    ....  298 

Editorial  Notes  3,  29, 

85,  "3.  143,  144.  171,  172,  199.  256,  285, 

286,  313 

Letters  from   .    .    20,  47,  72,  275,  302,  328,  329 

Annum,  Meetings   158 

Are  A  Man  and  His  Wife  One?     ....  59 

Asia  Minor,  Bits  of  Travel  in   129 

Auxiliaries,  To  the  25,  52, 

78,  107,  136,  191,  221,  250,  282,  308,  335 
Auxiliaries  and  Bands,  New     .    .    27,  55, 

82,  III,  138,  167,  193,  225,  252,  284,  311,  338 

Books  Received  24,  51, 

78,  136,  191,  220,  250,  334 

Bose,  M.  a.,  Chandra  Mukhi — Verse  .    .    .  104 

Boxes  ?  Do  You  Send  Missionary  ....  280 

Bridal  Gifts   304 

China  : 

Chinese  and  Foreigners  Vis-a-vis     ....  31 

Off  with  the  Doctor  to  One  Patient  •    •    •    •  33 

A  Bit  of  Realism  from  Nanking   34 

A  Shantung  Bible  Woman   35 

Imperative  Need  of  Central  China   ....  36 

Life  in  Shantung.    II.  Sociology    ....  37 

On  the  Way  to  the  Truth   39 

Chinese  Woman  Physician   40 

Volunteer  Evangelist   40 

A  S])ring  Outing  in  Shantung   40 

Miss  Ch'ang  among  Thieves   42 

In  Woman's  Ward,  Canton  Ho.spital    ...  68 

Description  of  Hospital  Cut   99 

A  Missionary  Journey  in  Hainan     .     .    .  .174 

Review  of  Hainan  Mission  History.  .  .  .  177 
No  Children's  Graves  in  China — Verse     .  .183 

God's  Reserve  Forces  in  a  Chinese  City    .     .  240 

Editorial  Notes  .    29,  58,  86,  114,  172,  286,  314 

Letters  from  20,  44, 

73.  131.  iS7>  184,  215,  244,  274,  301 
Chinese  in  America  : 

Our  Little  Chinese  Brownies   173 

I.  A  Christian  Chinese  Home.    II.  China- 
town at  Christmas  Festival   179 

Christmas  Missionary  Service,  A   50 

Editorial  Note   172 


Christian  Endeavor  Around  the  World    .  180 


"  Come,  Holy  Spirit" — Verse  23 

Cross-Questionini;  of  Miss'y  Com  76 

Dedication  of  San  Francisco  Mission  House  15 
Editorial  Notes  (in  part)  : 

Bible  30,  144 

Bishop,  Mrs.  Isabella  I,  106 

Converts  30,  86,  1 14,  I44,  171 

Cost  on  the  Field  58,  228 

Deaths    .    .    I,  2,  57,  58,  85,  113,  227,  255,  313 

Earthquake  199,  227,  228,  256 

"Farewells"  200,227,285,286 

Finances  57,  113,  143,  227 

Medical   .    .  I,  2,  30,  228 

Mosul  Case  '  .    .    .    .      85,  227 

New  Centres  2,  58,  86 

Opposition  2,  58,  199,  227,  228 

Persia,  Shah  of  144 

Plague  ....      172,  199,  200,  227,  228,  256 

Publications,  Maps,  etc  3,  29, 

30,  57,  144,  200,  256,  286 

Schools  58,  86,  144 

Siam,  King  of  3.  85 

Thibet  3,  228 

Various  Societies  57,  1 71,  172 

War  58,  199,  227,  255,  285,  313 

Half-Hour's  Lesson  Prolonged,  A    .    .    .  187 

His  Little  Comforter — Verse  51 

Illustrations  : 


Africa,  Efulen  House,  146  ;  Map,  148  ;  Fell- 
ing a  Forest  Giant,  149;  Surf-boat,  150; 
Ogowe  Town,  153  ;  A  Fan  Band,  154 ; 
Brazil,  Parana  Pines,  290  ;  Bahia,  295  ;  San 
Paulo  Market,  296  ;  Chili,  Family  Starting  on 
a  Ride,  293  ;  China,  A  Shenza,  33  ;  Horse- 
shoe Graves,  34  ;  Gate  of  Nanking,  35  ;  Grind- 
ing Flour,  37  ;  Arches,  Tungchow,  38  ; 
A  Kwan,  40  ;  Map,  41  ;  Woman's  Ward, 
Canton,  68  ;  Map,  175  ;  Loi  Earrings,  176  ; 
Temple  Lamp,  176  ;  Colombia,  Bogota  Picnic 
Party,  288  ;  India,  A  Bunya  in  His  Shop,  89  ; 
Women  Grinding,  Elephants,  Marble  Tomb, 
92  ;  Village  Street,  96  ;  Village  Bazar,  97  ; 
Japan,  Fuji  San,  231  ;  Temple  Steps,  Gongen, 
232  ;  First  Protestant,  236  ;  Arinia,  239  ; 
Buddha,  241  ;  Results  of  Earthquake,  Tokyo, 
271  ;  Korea,  Members  of  Korea  Mission, 
202  ;  Old  Kim,  203 ;  Map,  204  ;  Gate  of 
Seoul,  207  ;  Laos,  Lakawn  Princess,  II  ;  Map, 
117;  Buildings  at  Lakawn,  I20;  Mission- 
aries, 122  ;  Lao  Princesses,  126  ;  Lakawn 
Camp,  179  ;  Mexico,  Fountain  at  Mexico 
City,  61  ;  Map,  63  ;  Persia,  Tabriz,  4  ;  Tents 
of  Eliauts,  6 ;  Arch,  14 ;  Kurdistan  Village, 
70  ;  Teheran  Hospital,  260 ;  Entrance  to 
Miana  and  Houses,  265  ;  Oroomiah  Patients, 
267  ;  Schoolhouse,  Salmas,  268 ;  Siam, 
Sacred  Tree,  1 19;  Syria,  Mrs.  Bistany, 
182  ;  Frontispiece,  Bethlehem  Brides ;  Historic 


INDEX  TO   VOLUME  IX.  — Continued. 


Scene,  318  ;  Minyara  Chapel,  321  ;  Map,  322  ; 
Beirut  Seminary,  325  ;  Ibl  Chapel,  323  ;  Pot- 
tery, 324  ;  United  States,  Chinese  Brownies, 


173  ;  San  Francisco  "  Home,"  180. 
India  : 

Bride  and  Widow — Two  Zenanas  ....  8 
Extracts  from  Dr.  Jessica  Carleton's  Notebook  11 
Influence  of  Heredity  Illustrated  by  Trader 

Caste  87 

Villages  of  Kolhapur  District  90 

A  Trio  of  Characteristic  Features     ....  91 

Y.  W.  C.  A  93 

Doctor's  Visit  to  the  Maharani  94 

Use  of  an  Unfinished  Quilt  95 

Everyday  Life  in  the  Village  96 

Visit  to  a  Maratha  Village  97 

The  Festive  Side  at  Ambala  98 

Opening  of  New  Hospital  at  Miraj  ....  271 

High  Caste  Converts  298 

Editorial  Notes  86,  144,  172,  286 

Letters  from,  18,  46,  lOO,  156,  186,  216,  242,  300 

In  Remembr.'^nce — Verse  218 

Interest  and  Obedience  75 

Japan  : 

Testifying  to  the  Grace  of  God,  II  ....  12 
Japanese  Woman  Physician  in  Court  71 

A  Noble  Lady  of  Japan  229 

Rescuing  Children  at  Kanazawa      ....  230 

Earthquake  in  Tokyo  230,  271 

Hakone  231 

Beginnings  of  Our  Mission  233 

Incidents  from  Toyama  234 

First  Protestant  Believer  236 

Japan  Beautiful  ;  Needy  238 

Editorial  Notes  58,  228 

Letters  from  .      73,  loi,  132,  185,  242,  303,  330 

Kansas  Band,  A  247 

Korea  : 

Presbyterian  Mission  201 

Key  to  Picture  of  Missionaries  203 

Preaching  to  Women  in  the  North  ....  203 

Hosanna  205 

New  Arm  of  Medical  Work,  Seoul  ....  206 

Yong  Kyou  of  Fusan  208 

Hiding  the  Leaven  209 

News  from  Pyeng  Yang  210 

"  The  Don  "   211 

Message  from  Korea — Verse  272 

Editorial  Notes  .     .    .    .    3,  114,  199,  285,  313 

Letters  from  45,  214,  328 

Living  Water  248 

LovEST  Thou  Me  ? — Verse  306 

M.'VPS,  About  332 

Mexico  and  Guatemala  : 

A  Visitor  in  Mexico     ........  60 

A  Lively  New  Station  62 

Evangelistic  \\'ork,  Mexico  City      ....  64 

Commencement,  Mexico  City  66 

A  Continued  Work  67 

Editorial  Notes  29,  58 

Letters  from  l8,  72,  217,  277 

Missionary  Congress,  California,  Woman's  167 

Missionary  Mathematics  278 

Missionary  Meeting  at  Sar.a.toga  .  .  190,  246 
Missionary  Meeting  in  January  ....  331 
Persia  : 

Two  Weeks  in  Kara  Dagh  4 

Visit  to  Kermanshah  1 3 

Lame  Joseph  70 

Tour  among  Armenian  Villages  257 

Disgraceful  Thing  in  Mohammedanism  .  259 
Teheran  Hospital  260 


Flash  Lights  on  First  Year  Out  260 

Sketches  in  Kurdistan  263 

Uncultivated  Fields  in  Persia  264 

In  Oroomiah  Hospital  266 

Girls'  School,  Salmas  267 

Blood  Feuds  Still  in  Vogue  268 

I.  Tenting.    IL  Woman's  Work,  Oroomiah  .  269 

Elementary  Schools  270 

Editorial  Notes       .    .    2,  30,  86,  199,  227,  256 

Letters  from  19,  157,  186,  214,  303 

Phrase  to  be  Abandoned,  A  23 

Praise  Meeting,  Her  First  48 

Prayer,  An  Instance  248 

Presbyterian  Miss.  House,  Chautauqua  .  103 
Programmes  for  Monthly  Meeting  21,  48, 

75.  103,  134,  158.  187,  218,  246,  278,  304,  331 

Providential  Rescue  of  an  MS  182 

Receipts,  St.^te.ment  of  333 

Siam  and  L.aos  : 

A  Lakawn  Princess  11 

Memorable  Tour  in  Laos  115 

The  Sacred  Tree  of -Siam  118 

Under  the  Southern  Stars — Verse    .     .     .  .120 

Items  of  Progress  121 

Incident  from  Lakawn  123 

Outing  at  Petchaburee  124 

Representative  Lao  Women  125 

Observation  by  Mr.  Holt  Hallett     ....  127 

Post-haste  from  Pra  130 

A  Day's  Itineration,  North  Laos  .  .178 

Trip  to  City  of  Nan,  Laos  212 

Editorial  Notes  .  3,  30,  85,  1 14,  144,  200,  256 
Letters  from  .     .  46,  74,  102,  131,  2l6,  245,  276 

Since  Last  Month  24,  52, 

78,  107,  168,  191,  221,  250,  281,  307,  334 
South  America.  Brazil: 

A  Brave  Brazilian  Woman  15 

Tour  in  North  Brazil  127 

Curityba  Under  Blockade  289 

A  Trip  in  Parana  Forest  289 

Notes  of  Tour  in  Sergipe  293 

In  Bahia  City  294 

Brazilian  Notes    .     ,  295 

Little  Italy  in  San  Paulo  ,  297 

Letters  from  47,  102,  300 

Chili  : 

Testifying  to  the  Grace  of  God,  V  .  291 

Stoiy  of  Maria  292 

Colomiua  : 

Contrasts  in  Colombia    .  287 

Letters  from   133,  217,  300 

Star  and  the  Song — Verse  332 

Stumbling  Blocks  in  the  Auxiliary  .  .  .  104 
Suggf:stion  Corner,  23,  51,  106,  220,  249,  307,  333 
Suggestions  for  Writing  Papers  ....  134 
Sunday-school,  Missionary  Training  in  .  .  21 
Syria  : 

Three  Instances  17 

Mosque  at  Damascus  Burned  17 

Testifying  to  the  Grace  of  God,  IV  .  .  181 

A  Child  Bride  in  Beirut  315 

A  Memorial  Pillar  in  Beirut  ....  ■  .  317 
The  Memorial  Column  in  Beirut  .  .  317 
One  of  the  Brightest  Spots  in  Syria  Mission  .  320 
Some  Things  Observed  Among  Women  .  .  321 
Near  Mount  Hermon  and  to  the  Top    .         .  323 

Beirut  Seminary  for  Girls  325 

Editorial  Notes  86,  286 

Letters  from  133,  216,  273,  327 

Treasurers,  Simple  Talk  to  Young  .  .  .  219 
Treasurers'  Reports  27,  55, 


82,  III,  138,  168,  194,  225,  252,  285,  311,  338 


WOMAN'S  WORK  FOR  WOMAN. 


Vol.  IX.  APRIL,  1894.  No.  4. 


As  we  open  the  India  budget  this  month, 
we  are  confronted  by  a  fresh  and  sad  loss  to 
the  South  India  Mission  in  the  death  of 
Rev.  Geo.  H.  Ferris.  Much  heartfelt 
prayer  will  be  offered  throughout  the  Church 
for  Mrs.  Ferris  and  the  little  daughter  with 
her  and  for  those  three  sons  left  in  Amer- 
ica, who,  at  tender  years,  enter  into  the 
heritage  of  their  father's  sacrifices  while 
deprived  of  his  guardianship.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Ferris  went  to  India  first  in  1878,  and 
returned,  after  the  usual  furlough,  in  1890. 
The  unexpected  cablegram  was  received  at 
the  Mission  House  March  10. 

At  their  Annual  Meeting  last  October, 
the  South  India  Mission  voted  to  make 
what  they  consider  "a  very  moderate  de- 
mand "  upon  the  Home  Church,  for  1894, 
viz.:  One  ordained  man  (intended  to  assist 
Mr.  Ferris)  for  the  Panhala  field  ;  one  or- 
dained and  one  medical  missionary  to  open 
a  station  at  Vengurla  in  the  Ratnagiri  dis- 
trict;  one  young  lady  for  Miraj,  another 
for  Kolhapur  ;  and,  in  case  Mr.  Jolly  can- 
not return,  a  layman  for  the  Industrial 
School  at  Sangli. 

The  United  States  Minister  to  Constan- 
tinople informs  the  Board,  by  letter  of  Feb- 
ruary 25,  of  the  final  conviction  of  eleven 
men  charged  with  assailing  Miss  Melton — 
she  saw  but  two — in  Kurdistan,  last  June. 
When  this  judgment  has  been  revised  in 
their  court  of  last  resort,  at  Bagdad,  we 
shall  know  what  penalty  is  imposed.  The 
seven  men  who  were  marched  out  of  Am- 
adia  on  July  30,  to  be  tried  at  Mosul, 
have  lain  in  a  Turkish  dungeon  there,  ever 
since. 

A  WELL  DESERVED  tribute  was  lately  sent 
to  the  King  of  Siam  from  the  Board  of 
Foreign  Missions,  in  the  form  of  a  beauti- 
fully engrossed  letter  of  congratulations 
upon  his  attaining  the  twenty-fifth  year  of 
his  enlightened  reign,  and  conveying  ap- 
preciative reference  to  his  kindness  towards 


our  missionaries,  and  wishes  for  his  future 
health  and  prosperity. 

The  Laos  party  of  five,  who  sailed  from 
San  Francisco  December  9,  reached  Bangkok 
January  23,  "  happy  and  delighted  with 
everything  and  everybody,"  and,  joined  by 
Miss  Fleeson,  who  has  been  detained  by 
illness  several  months  in  Japan,  they  were 
all  going  up  river  as  soon  as  boats  arrived. 

Dr.  Briggs,  formerly  of  Lakawn,  Laos, 
having  been  the  direct  agent  in  converting 
an  Illinois  girl  into  a  British  subject,  re- 
treated as  far  as  possible  from  the  Woman's 
Boards, — to  Praa,  whence  he  wrote,  in 
December,  that  they  were  hoping  for  the 
arrival  of  associates  in  February,  prospects 
for  Gospel  work  were  good,  and  "  the  Master 
says  '  give  ye  them  to  eat ' ;  the  Bread  we 
have  in  abundance,  we  need  carriers." 

It  is  very  inspiring  to  hear  Secretary 
Speer  report  on  his  recent  visit  to  the 
Mexico  Missions.  When  we  thank  him 
for  telling  us  so  much  in  an  hour,  he  says 
he  has  "only  broken  the  ice."  He  thinks 
evangelical  truth  has  great  advantage  of 
entrance  in  a  Roman  Catholic  over  a  heathen 
country — quite  revolutionary  doctrine,  we 
have  so  long  listened  to  the  opposite 
opinion. 

Annual  Meeting  of  the  Gaboon  Mis- 
sion opened  at  Batanga,  January  6.  On 
the  same  day  Dr.  Good  put  his  wife  and 
boy,  accompanied  by  Mrs.  Reutlinger,  on 
board  steamer  for  Grand  Canary,  where 
they  would  remain  until  it  should  be  .safe 
for  Mrs.  Good  to  go  on  into  the  colder 
weather  of  England  and  America.  This 
separation,  made  specially  painful  by  the 
condition  of  his  wife's  health,  is  borne  by 
Dr.  Good  for  the  sake  of  the  new  station 
among  the  Bule,  from  which  he  cannot  be 
spared. 

One  of  our  missionaries  in  Africa  tells 
us  that  "every  year,  most  of  us  ladies  re- 
ceive letters  from  America  in  the  June  mail 


86 


EDITORIAL  A'OTES. 


[April, 


asking  for  information  and  they  want  the 
answer  early  in  June.''  Such  letters  must 
be  a  little  dampening  to  the  far-away  sisters. 
Six  months  from  date  is  the  shortest  time 
in  which  an  answer  can  be  expected  from 
Gaboon,  and  two  or  three  months  more 
must  be  allowed  for  other  stations.  The 
mail  steamers  to  Batanga  voyage  south  five 
or  six  weeks  before  turning  about  for  Eng- 
land. 

Our  brethren  in  Korea  met  with  a  re- 
pulse at  Pyeng  Yang  last  year,  but  only  ten 
months  later,  January  7,  1894,  Mr.  Moffett, 
to  his  own  great  joy,  and  that  of  Mr.  Han, 
the  helper,  publicly  baptized  eight  men  in 
that  most  wicked  city,  and  so,  as  he  .says, 
"A  beginning  has  been  made  in  calling 
out  the  Lord's  own."  Two  of  the  men 
are  about  forty  years  old,  the  others  in  their 
twenties,  and  the  sincerity  of  all  has  been 
tested  by  the  scorn  and  ridicule  of  their 
neighbors.  Mr.  Moffett  lives  "a  nomad's 
life,"  for  two  or  three  months  at  a  time,  in 
Pyeng  Yang,  occupying  a  single  room 
which  is  open  to  all  comers  from  early 
morning  till  midnight,  and,  like  other 
lonely  pioneers,  eating — different  things 
from  what  his  mother  used  to  set  before 
him. 

A  fourteen-years-old  daughter  of  the 
Korean  evangelist  in  Seoul  died  after  great 
suffering,  one  Saturday  last  winter,  Mrs. 
Gifford  tells  us,  and  the  following  day  her 
father  preached  as  usual,  referring  with 
beaming  face  to  the  girl  and  her  assurance 
that  she  was  "going  to  Jesus'  Land." 

The  baptism  of  Mr.  Hoskins'  second  little 
daughter,  some  months  since,  led  Abu  Selim, 
the  father  of  the  first  baptized  Protestant 
child  in  Zahleh,  to  speak  of  that  event  of 
twenty-two  years  ago.  It  took  ])lace  by  night, 
with  closed  doors  and  shutters,  for  fear  of  dis- 
turbance ;  but,  in  hopefulne.ss  of  her  future, 
the  little  Syrian  girl  was  named  Nur, '-Light." 
Two  years  ago,  perhaps  in  gratitude  for  the 
light  which  his  good  daughter  has  since  shed 
around  her  pathway,  Abu  Selim  hung  a  large 
lamp  in  the  same  church. 

"Wouldn't  I  pay  you  back  if  I  hadn't 
joined  the  Church  !  "  exclaimed  a  recent 
convert  at  Tabriz,  Persia,  when  a  boy 
slapped  him  in  the  face.  But  he  didn't 
"  pay  back." 

As  they  had  planned,  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Hawkes  left  their  home  in  the  autumn, crossed 
the  high  ridge  whose  snows  would  soon  cut 


them  off  from  Hamadan,  and  settled  for  the 
winter  in  Kermanshah,  Persia,  in  order  to 
open  a  new  door  for  the  Gospel.  They  leased 
a  house  for  three  years. 

In  one  of  those  semi-annual  "Women's 
Conventions,"  held  in  five  different  places 
the  same  day,  on  Oroomiah  Plain,  Mrs. 
Shedd  saw  a  crowded  church,  attentive 
audience,  all  the  time  filled,  and  heard 
essays  upon  "  The  Place  of  Women  in  the 
Church  of  Christ,"  and  "  How  to  Keep 
Warm  Hearts  During  the  Summer?" 
The  latter  theme  is  vital  to  the  situation, 
for  many  women  spend  the  summer  in  hard 
manual  labor,  often  detained  from  church 
services,  and,  especially  if  employed  by 
Moslems,  exposed  to  perilous  temptation. 

Sometimes  thirteen  Chinese  women  may 
be  seen  in  the  Sunday  congregation  at 
Chinanfu,  eight  of  them  being  Christians. 
One,  past  sixty  years,  says  she  "cannot 
see  "  this  God  to  whom  she  is  told  to  pray. 

Three  women  at  Chiningchow  have  thus 
early  asked  for  bapti.sm.  "They  really 
seem  to  have  the  true  spirit  of  the  Gospel 
in  their  hearts." 

One  lady  of  Ichowfu  Station,  in  the 
fifty  consecutive  days  preceding  January 
16,  entertained  475  Chinese  women  vis- 
itors and  129  children,  in  the  meantime 
conducting  thirty-one  religious  services. 
The  other  missionaries  were  doing  pretty 
much  the  .same  thing. 

In  view  of  constant  accessions  to  the 
Church  from  Hunan,  that  province  bit- 
terly opposed  to  the  Gospel,  Lienchow 
Station  calls  for  one  new  ordained  mission- 
ary and  a  lady  physician. 

Eleven  missionary  ladies  of  Western 
India  have  agreed  to  try  to  contribute, 
during  the  coming  year,  some  leaflet  or 
book  for  Maratha  women,  with  special  ref- 
erence to  Christian  women. 

Two  ladies.  Miss  Unsworth  and  Miss 
Green,  sent  by  the  London  Zenana  and 
Medical  Mission,  have  been  welcomed  with 
open  arms  by  our  friends  at  Ratnagiri. 

Ratnagiri  Station  holds  a  Sunday  .serv- 
ice in  the  Leper  Asylum,  where  there  are 
over  sixty  men  and  about  twenty  women. 

Sixtv-one  boarding  pupils  at  Allahabad, 
and  every  teacher  knows  that  makes  a  little 
world  of  cares  and  prayers  and  privileges 
for  Miss  Donaldson  and  her  associates. 


I894-] 


87 


OUR  MISSIONARIES  IN  INDIA. 


AND   POST  OFFICE  ADDRESSES. 


Letters  should  be  directed,  American  Presbyterian  Mission,  (Such  a  city),  India. 


Lahore,  Punjab. 


Mrs.  J.  C.  R.  Ewing. 
Mrs.  Chas.  W.  Forman, 
Mrs.  J.  G.  Gilbertson,  " 
Mrs.  U.  S.  G.  Jones.  " 
Mrs.  J.  M.  McComb,  " 
Mrs.  J.  H.  Orbison,  " 
Miss  Thiede  (of  Wagah),  " 
Mrs.  Francis  J.  Newton,  Firozepore, 
Dr.  Helen  R.  Newton,  " 
Miss  Caroline  Downs,  Jalandhar, 
Miss  M.  M.  Given, 
Mrs.  C.  B.  Newton,  " 
Mrs.  Walter  J.  Clark,  Lodiana, 
Mrs.  Arthur  H.  Ewing,  " 
Miss  Emily  Forman,  " 
Miss  Emma  Morris, 
Mrs.  Edward  P.  Newton  " 
Miss  When-)'  (Jagraon),  " 
Mrs.  Wm.  Calderwood,  Ambala, 
Dr.  Jessica  Carleton,  " 
Dr.  Emily  Marston,  " 
Miss  Mary  Pratt  (cn  route'),  " 
Mrs.  B.  D.  Wyckoff, 


Sabathu,  Punjab. 
Dehra,  N.  W.  P. 


Mrs.  Marcus  Carletottj 
Mrs.  E.  H.  Braddock, 
Miss  Elma  Donaldson, 
Mrs.  W.  J.  P.  Morrison, 
Miss  Harriet  Savage,  *' 
Mrs.  Abbie  M.  Stebbins,  " 
Mrs.  Reese  Thackwell,  " 
Miss  Mary  E.  Bailey,  Landour, 
Miss  Margaret  C.  Davis,  ** 
Miss  Clara  Giddings,  " 
Miss  Clara  Hutchison,  '* 
Mrs.  S.  H.  Kellogg, 
Miss  Jessie  Dunlap,  Saharanpur, 
Mrs.  Chas.  Forman,  Jr.,  ** 
Mrs.  A.  P.  Kelso, 
Mrs.  Robert  Morrison,  *' 
Miss  Agnes  Orbison, 
Mrs.  Henry  Forman,  Futtehgurh, 
Mrs.  John  Forman,  " 
Miss  Mary  Forman,  *' 
Mrs.  H.  M.  Andrews,  Mynpurie, 
Mrs.  I'hos.  Tracy.  " 
Miss  Christine  Belz,  Etawah, 


/«  T/ti's  Country:  Mrs.  Jolly,  46  Garden  Ave.,  Toronto.  Ont.;  Miss  Susan  Hut 
Lexington,  Ky.;  Mrs.  John  Newton,  316  Earlham  Terrace,  Germantown,  Pa.;  M 
Wooster,  Ohio  ;  Mrs.  Velte,  Evanston,  111. 


Mrs.  Joseph  Warren,      Gwalior.N.W.  P 

Mrs.  Hervey  D.  Griswold,  Jhansi,  " 

Mrs.  Jas.  F  Holcomb,         "  " 

Mrs.  Jas.  M.  .A.lexander,  Allahabad,  " 

Miss  Jennie  Colman,  "  ** 

Miss  Mary  Johnson,  "  " 

Miss  Margaret  Morrow,        "  ** 

Miss  Mary  L.  Symes,  "  " 

Dr.  Emma  L.  Templin. 
Mrs.  J.  M.  Goheen,      Kolhapur,  S,  M.  C. 

Miss  Rachel  Irwin,  "  " 

Mrs.  R.  G.  Wilder, 

Miss  Grace  E.  Wilder,  '■  " 

Mrs.  Geo.  H.  Ferris,       Panhala,  " 

Miss  Esther  Patton,  "  " 

Miss  Adelaide  A.  Brown,  Sangli,  " 
Mrs,  Jos.  P.  Graham, 

Miss  Jennie  Sherman,  "  *' 

Dr.  S.  Elizabeth  Winter,  Miraj, 

Mrs.  W.  H.  Hannum,    Ratnagiri,  " 

Miss  A.  M.  Jefferson,  "  " 

Miss  Emily  T.  Minor,  "  " 

chison,  Belvidere,  N.  J.:  Mrs.  J.  J.  Lucas, 
rs.  Seller,  Hillsdale,  Mich.;  Mrs.  Tediord, 


THE  INFLUENCE  OF  HEREDITY  ILLUSTRATED  BY  THE  TRADER 

CASTE  IN  INDIA. 


Forty  year.s  ago  I  was  visiting  at  the 
home  of  a  venerable  physician  in  a  rigid, 
Puritan  town.  He  was  the  only  doctor  in 
the  place  and  had  spent  nearly  his  whole 
life  there.  He  had  seen  three  generations 
living  around  him  and  well  knew  their  traits 
of  character.  He  mentioned  certain  fami- 
lies as  destitute  of  Christian  sympathy  and 
without  social,  public  or  religious  benevo- 
lence. These  families  had  intermarried  for 
two  generations,  and  concerning  their  prog- 
eny he  remarked  that  "  A  warp  and  B  fill- 
ing made  very  tight  cloth."  With  this  re- 
mark before  us,  let  us  turn  to  India  and  ex- 
amine the  characteristics  of  the  Bunyas — 
the  trading  caste. 

These  people  swarm  in  every  town  and 
city  and  are  found  in  every  nook  and  cor- 
ner of  the  Indian  Empire  where  there  is  any 
hope  of  profit  or  gain  in  trading.  It  has 
well  been  said  that  the  world  has  never  seen 
a  class  of  traders  so  shrewd,  so  sharp,  so 
unscrupulous  and  so  untruthful  as  the  Indian 
Bunya.  That  venerable  student  of  Heredity 
mentioned  above,  tells  .)f  character  produced 
in  two  generations  ;  but  who  can  describe 
the  character  of  a  Bunya  after  intermarriages 
sfricf/v  ivithin  caste  for  more  than  fifty  gen- 
erations .' 

I  well  remember  my  first  introduction  or 
personal  acquaintance  with  a  Bunya.  Soon 
after  my  arrival  in  India,  when  I  knew 
hardly  a  word  of  the  language,  I  went  to 
visit  a  flourishing  mission    school.  The 


missionary,  the  late  Rev.  J.  H.  Orbison, 
was  in  charge  of  the  station.  I  found  him 
with  two  small  boys  by  his  side  and  a  man 
before  him.  It  was  hot  weather  and  the 
man  had  very  little  cloth  on  his  person. 
The  missionary  remarked  that  the  boys  were 
the  worst  truants  of  the  .school  and  he  had 
fined  them  five  cents  and  he  had  called  the 
father  to  settle  the  bill.  I  witnessed  the 
emotions  of  the  man  ;  such  anguish  of  spirit, 
such  mental  suffering,  as  he  lifted  his  hands 
like  a  suppliant  asking  the  missionary  to 
forgive  the  debt  of  five  cents.  My  feelings 
were  deeply  stirred  with  pity  as  I  looked 
upon  the  wretched  man,  and  I  began  to  en- 
treat the  missionary  to  let  him  off  from  pay- 
ing the  fine.  He  looked  towards  me  with 
a  broad  smile,  kind  and  compassionate,  and 
.said,  "  I  know  this  man  well.  He  is  the 
richest  banker  in  the  city.  His  banking 
house  is  full  of  money  and  he  must  pay  the 
fine  of  five  cents. ' '  I  stood  in  silence  a  mo- 
ment ;  my  feelings  of  pity  subsided  at  once, 
and  I  looked  at  the  man  as  if  a  strange,  un- 
heard-of species  had  appeared.  The  warp 
and  filling  used  in  the  weaving  of  human 
character,  through  intermarriages  strictly 
within  caste  for  more  than  fifty  generations, 
had  produced  the  type  we  saw  that  day. 

The  spirit  of  trade,  sharp  bargains  and 
succe.ssful  business  are  quickly  developed 
among  all  children  of  the  Bunya.  The 
mission  school  from  the  first  was  very  at- 
tractive to  the  youthful  Bunya.    He  quickly 


88  THE  INFLUENCE  OF  HEREDITY  ILLUSTRATED.  [April, 


saw  his  chance  of  a  good  bargain  with  the 
missionary.  The  terms  of  the  school  had 
the  very  essence  of  barter  ;  so  much  secular 
teaching  for  so  much  Bible  reading ;  an 
hour  given  to  religion  in  exchange  for  five 
hours  of  instruction  ;  a  good  English  edu- 
cation to  help  him  to  a  position  in  govern- 
ment service.  Bible  reading  is  nothing  to 
him  but  a  cheap  method  of  payment  for  a 
good  English  education,  and  the  history  of 
all  mission  schools  .shows  that  the  Bunya 
class  never  get  a  ray  of  divine  light  and 
truth  from  the  Bible.  How  could  it  be 
otherwise?  The  spirit  of  sharp  bargaining, 
wrought  into  his  whole  being  by  hereditary 
law  working  through  many  generations,  has 
made  him  the  wayside  hearer.  The  Divine 
Master  in  His  parable  of  the  sower  of  the 
seed,  has  marked  out  with  terrible  clearness 
the  class  of  hearers  to  which  the  Indian 
Bunya  belongs.  The  medical  missionary, 
too,  in  his  sympathy  and  fellowship  with 
suffering  is  often  made  to  feel  the  hardened 
character  of  the  trading  class.  Constant, 
loving  care  of  the  sick,  and  the  freely  giving 
of  costly  medicines  to  all  comers  are  in  his 
eyes  but  so  much  stock  in  trade,  so  much 
commodity  on  the  part  of  the  missionary  to 
be  exchanged  for  so  much  "  merit  "  to  meet 
him  in  the  next  world. 

A  Bunya  who  had  for  years  been  receiv- 
ing medical  care,  frankly  declared  that  the 
missionary  had  now  become  a  great  debtor  to 
him,  for  he,  by  receiving  so  much,  had  been 
the  direct  means  of  helping  the  missionary 
to  lay  up  a  large  store  of  merit.  That  most 
beautiful  gem  in  the  gospel,  "It  is  more 
blessed  to  give  than  to  receive,"  is  shock- 
ingly misunderstood  by  the  Indian  trader. 
To  illustrate  his  character  still  more  clearly 
I  will  relate  the  following  incident. 

In  the  lower  Hills  there  is  a  small,  but 
rich  and  very  ancient  Bazar.  It  was  the 
home  of  malarial  fever  and  for  more  than 
twelve  years  I  had  visited  the  place  every 
year  and  sometimes  twice  a  year.  I  had 
thus  become  personally  acquainted  with 
every  man  in  the  Bazar  and  with  many  of 
their  families.  In  times  of  distress  I  hired 
a  small  shop  in  the  upper  end  of  the  Bazar 
and  spent  several  days  at  a  time  among 
them.  One  year,  there  had  been  a  famine 
over  the  whole  land  for  six  months  and 
many  of  the  low  caste  people  of  the  villages 
had  left  their  homes  and  wandered  about 
in  search  of  food.  A  severe  type  of  ma- 
larial fever  .set  in,  and  many  of  these  people 
died  by  the  way.    One  day,  as  I  stood  be- 


fore my  shop,  I  saw  a  company  of  sickly, 
half-starved  wanderers  enter  the  Bazar. 
They  began  to  beg  for  food  and  I  watched 
their  efforts  with  much  interest,  to  see  what 
my  Bazar  friends  would  do  to  help  them. 
There  were  four  women  and  six  children  ; 
their  husbands  had  gone  into  the  villages 
to  find  food.  To  my  surpri.se  and  disgust, 
they  not  only  did  not  receive  a  handful  of 
food  in  the  whole  Bazar,  but  several  of  my 
best  friends  among  the  Bunyas  raised  long 
bamboo  sticks  to  strike  at  this  helpless  com- 
pany of  women  and  children.  I  became  very 
angry  with  myself  and  thoroughly  ashamed 
of  my  work  in  that  Bazar.  I  had  freely 
given  costly  medicines  for  a  dozen  years, 
having  some  sympathy  with  the  sick  in 
their  sufferings,  and  now  the  whole  Bazar 
could  treat  with  heartless  indifference  a 
company  of  the  most  wretched  human 
beings  I  ever  saw. 

When  they  came  to  my  shop,  I  asked 
them  to  stop  as  I  would  give  them  some 
warm  milk.  I  sent  to  the  Bazar  milkman 
for  a  gallon  of  hot  milk  and  some  small 
cups.  The  milk  was  brought  and  .some 
cups  that  had  been  taken  from  the  gutter 
after  they  had  been  used  by  a  Brahmin. 
The  pariah  dogs  had  been  licking  them  and 
they  were  filthy,  but  thought  fit  for  low  caste 
people  to  use.  I  put  my  foot  on  them  and 
crushed  them  to  pieces  and  sent  the  man  back 
to  his  shop  to  bring  cups  fresh  from  the 
potter's.  Before  the  milk  arrived  and  while 
it  was  cooling,  I  induced  the  whole  company 
to  take  quinine  for  their  fever.  Then  I  de- 
termined to  use  drastic  measures  to  induce 
the  Bazar  people  to  give  some  food.  Among 
the  six  children  there  was  one  so  emaciated 
that  its  skin  was  drawn  tightly  over  the 
bones  of  the  face  in  wrinkles,  as  in  the  case 
of  a  very  aged  person.  I  asked  the  mother 
for  the  child.  It  was  a  veritable  Lazarus, 
though  a  small  one,  and  I  determined  to 
take  him  to  the  door  of  every  Dives  in  the 
Bazar.  I  told  the  company  to  follow  and  I 
went  down  the  street  to  the  first  shop  below 
mine.  The  shop-keeper  was  an  old  friend 
to  whom  I  had  given  much  medicine  in 
years  past.  I  told  him  he  must  now  return 
the  favor  and  help  these  starving  people. 
He  stood  in  silence  for  a  moment  and  then 
said,  "Yes,  I  will  give  something."  He 
took  down  an  old  mouldy,  earthen  vessel  in 
which  was  a  pint  of  worm-eaten  grain  and 
offered  it  to  one  of  the  women.  I  stopped 
him  and  .said  :  "  Did  you  not  tell  me  only 
last  evening,  that  you  believe  if  any  person 


1894  ]  THE  INFLUENCE  OF  HEREDITY  ILLUSTRATED.  89 


died  by  the  cruelty 
of  another,  that 
after  death  the  vic- 
tim would  certainly 
appear  to  the  one 
whose  neglect  had 
caused  death?  Now 
beware,  friend, 
what  you  do,  for 
if  your  belief  is 
true,  when  these 
poor  people  come 
to  you  in  your 
dreams,  this  worm- 
eaten  grain  will 
come  too.  Y  o  u 
must  give  the  best 
flour  you  have." 
He  did  so,  and  put 
four  pounds  into 
the  chuddar  of  one 
of  the  women.  I 
then  said  the  chil- 
dren were  too  far 

gone  to  live  to  get  home  unless  they 
had  milk  four  times  a  day,  and  some 
money  must  be  given  to  buy  the  milk. 
He  must  give  three  cents.  This  was  a 
wrench  to  the  whole  make-up  of  his  soul. 
He  stood  a  moment  and  turned  to  a  small 
box  and  took  out  bits  of  copper  that  were 
once  coin,  but  now  worthless.  I  said  again  : 
"Beware,  friend,  lest  these  old  bits  of  cop- 
per come  to  you  in  the  visions  of  the  night."' 
With  a  face  showing  utter  disgust,  he  handed 
me  the  three  cents, 
salam  and  went  to  the  next  shop 

Here  I  found  a  still  harder  case,  a  very 
rich  man  with  no  fear  of  visions  of  the 
night.  His  obligations  to  me  for  past 
favors  went  for  nothing.  I  had  to  tell  him 
that,  after  death,  his  memory  would  be  aglow 
with  remembrance  of  everything  done  in 
the  flesh,  whether  it  be  good  or  whether  it 
be  evil,  and,  with  the  little  Lazarus  in  my 
arms,  I  gave  him  some  startling  facts  men- 
tioned in  the  parable  of  Dives  and  Lazarus. 
He  concluded  to  give,  and  I  asked  for  four 
pounds  of  flour  and  three  cents.  Thus  I 
went  through  the  whole  Bazar  and  got  food 
and  money  from  every  shop.  Some  tried  to 
get  rid  of  my  request  by  offering  vile  sweep- 
ings as  good  enough  for  low  caste  people,  but 
I  took  only  the  best  quality  of  food.  I  re- 
turned to  my  shop  with  the  party,  gave 
them  another  dose  of  quinine  all  round  and 
bought  another  gallon  of  hot  milk.  They 
seemed  quite  refreshed  and  I  started  them 


I  gave  him  a  gracious 


A  BUNYA   IN    Hl^   ^\\'  <V   A  I  ALLAHABAD. 

off"  towards  their  homes.  The  two  strongest 
children  carried  some  lumps  of  sugar,  and, 
as  the  four  women  walked  away  with  their 
chuddars  laden  with  food,  I  was  reminded  of 
Ruth  as  she  must  have  looked  with  her 
chuddar  filled  with  barley  for  Naomi. 

The  next  morning  I  went  through  the 
Bazar  to  feel  the  pulse  of  my  patient,  the 
Bunya.  I  wished  to  see  what  effect  the  drastic 
efforts  to  extract  charity  had  had  upon  him. 
I  was  agreeably  surprised  to  notice  how  cor- 
dial every  one  appeared,  and  could  not  but 
believe  that  even  the  heart  of  a  Bunya  might 
be  lubricated  by  the  process  tried.  En- 
gineers may  discuss  in  their  scientific  jour- 
nals the  best  kind  and  qualities  of  oil  to 
lubricate  their  machinery  ;  but  the  only 
influence  that  can  lubricate  a  hard,  selfish 
heart  is  charity  giving.  But  let  it  not  be 
thought  one  act  of  charity  makes  the  soul 
supple.  It  is  kept  in  good  running  order 
only  by  constant  acts  of  charity.  The  fact 
is,  a  heartless  soul  is  diseased  through  and 
through  by  a  bad  humor,  which  is  trans- 
mitted with  startling  accuracy  by  Heredity. 
I  well  remember  that,  nearly  sixty  years 
ago,  old  doctors  in  New  England  were 
often  talking  about  bad  humors  of  the  blood 
and  were  giving  their  patients  large  dcses 
of  roots  and  herbs  to  cleanse  it.  Whether 
they  did  really  get  anything  out  of  the 
blood  I  cannot  tell,  but  in  my  long  life  I 
have  learned  that  there  are  bad  humors  of 
the  soul,  and  they  are  a  terrible  reality. 


90 


IN  THE  VILLAGES  OF  KOLHAPUR  DISTRICT.  [April, 


The  isms  of  India  and  the  new  philosophies 
of  the  West  are  all  at  work  on  these  bad 
humors.  They  remind  me  of  the  old 
doctors  with  their  root  and  herb  treatment. 
The  only  remedy  that  is  effectual  was  pro- 


posed by  Jesus  to  Nicodemus  :  "  Ye  must 
be  born  again."  When  this  new  birth 
takes  place  by  Divine  power,  charity  giving 
will  be  a  constant,  loving  exercise  of  the  soul. 

M.  M.  Carle  ton. 


IN  THE  VILLAGES  OF  K( 

Villages  we  call  them,  even  though 
their  population  vary  from  200  to  9,000. 
We  look  in  vain  for  isolated  farm  houses  in 
India — all  are  clustered  in  the  big  or  little 
villages.     I  had  an  explanation  of  this. 

In  waiting  for  a  supply  of  fresh  bread, 
Ave  were  belated.  As  a  dark  night  closed 
in  on  us,  the  driver  urged  his  ponies  to  a 
swift  pace.  As  I  remonstrated,  he  ex- 
plained that  we  were  passing  through  a 
region  noted  for  robberies,  that  this  was 
the  profession  of  several  men  whom  he 
personally  knew,  and  that  these  men  are  so 
in  league  with  officials  that  by  giving  over 
a  portion  of  booty  they  are  soon  released 
whenever  arrested.  "I  have  seen,"  said  he, 
"  1,000  rupees  counted  out  to  an  official  by 
such  men."  We  could  not  wonder  at  the 
loneliness  of  our  road  or  that,  in  this  wicked 
land,  people  fear  to  live  any  distance  from 
their  village. 

There  is  a  simplicity  and  heartiness  about 
village  women  which  is  most  attractive,  and 
it  is  a  happy  day  when  we  plan  a  tour 
among  them. 

Saturday,  Miss  Sherman's  letter  came 
saying  she  could  be  ready  for  such  a  tour 
on  twenty-four  hours'  notice.  I  was  quite 
ready  by  Wednesday,  for  mother  helped 
with  the  dinner  box.  A  mattress  tightly 
roped,  a  box  of  clothing,  and  one  of  books 
was  all  else  needed.  The  thoughtfulness 
of  Mr.  Graham  added  a  table  and  three 
chairs,  and  the  climax  of  all  was  that  Dr. 
Elizabeth  Winter  could  go  a  few  stages 
with  us.  We  cho.se  to  stop  in  the  dharaiu- 
sala  (  rest  house  )  most  accessible  to 
people.  When  this  was  too  public  we  had 
but  to  ask  for  .some  tent  cloth,  which  was 
sent  and  put  up,  thus  partitioning  off  a  room. 

At  our  second  halt,  we  were  given  the 
upper  story  of  a  temple.  Our  Chri.stian 
preacher,  Govindrow,  had  gotten  permission 
direct  from  the  Patil.  A  visit  to  the  girls' 
school,  an  audience  at  a  hou.se,  a  large  street 
audience,  and  many  persons  spoken  to  at 
the  temple  made  this  a  busy  day. 

At  our  next  halt,  we  were  even  more 
con.stantly  surrounded  by  people.  After  a 
])reaching  .service.  Dr.  Winter  with  Mi.ss 


.HAPUR  DISTRICT,  INDIA. 

Sherman  as  interpreter  occupied  one  end 
of  the  dliaramsala  while  Govindrow  and  I 
talked  with  individuals,  sold  books  or  dis- 
tributed tracts. 

Sunday  we  had  large,  attentive  audiences 
both  morning  and  afternoon,  and  our  only 
bell  was  the  Dr. 's  medicine  chest  or  our 
strange  faces  and  frocks.  We  met  here  a 
former  pupil  of  the  boys'  boarding-school 
and  member  of  the  Kolhapur  Church.  To 
raise  marriage  money,  he  had  bound  him- 
self out  on  a  plantation  for  seven  years. 
He  tells  me  he  is  coming  back,  and  when 
asked  for  what  he  would  have  us  pray,  he 
replied,  "Pray  that  I  may  be  released." 
We  prayed  with  him. 

Sunday  afternoon.  Dr.  Winter  said  a  few 
words  which  I  interpreted.  We  visited  two 
villages  between  twelve  and  four  o'clock, 
the  most  leisure  time  for  farmers.  Many 
have  been  the  eager,  curious,  startled  faces 
before  us — but  only  one  do  I  recall  as  really 
frightened.  We  had  gone  over  rough  roads 
and  doubtless  her  village  had  never  been 
visited  by  a  white  woman.  This  might  be 
said  of  eleven  of  the  sixteen  villages  we 
visited.  In  one  such,  a  girl  from  our  Sangli 
school  invited  us  to  her  home.  From 
another,  a  Government  school-girl,  we  had 
a  taste  of  something  akin  to  American 
cordiality.  She  led  us  through  winding 
alleys  to  her  house  ;  gave  us  water  in  a  brass 
vessel,  bluffing  off  the  remonstrance  of  a 
neighbor  ;  then  through  her  kitchen  to  see 
the  back  yard  and,  giving  us  carrots,  grain 
and  sugar  cane,  sent  us  on  our  way.  She 
showed  pleasure  in  possessing  the  Gospel 
we  had  given  her. 

At  Ichalkarangi,  we  were  in  a  garden 
bungalow — a  little  removed  from  this  town 
of  11,000  people.  The  Chief  has  been 
educated  in  the  Sirdar  class  at  Kolhapur  and 
later  at  Elphinstone  College,  Bombay.  He 
invited  us  to  his  new  palace  ;  showed  us 
his  parlors  and  audience  hall,  study  and 
library  containing  some  1,500  books.  In 
the  hall-way  he  took  leave  of  us,  beckoning 
us  into  his  wife's  apartments.  We  found 
here  a  bashful  girl  of  about  seventeen  years. 
She  had  lost  her  first  baby.    The  Chief's 


1894  ]        A  TRIO  OF  CHARACTERISTIC  INDIA  FEATURES.  91 


tutor  noticing  the  slight  response  she  made 
to  our  questions  said,  "She  is  very  shy, 
a  great  virtue  as  we  think."  She  read  nicely 
for  us,  and  will  surely  feel  more  at  ease 
with  us  a  second  time.  The  Chief  was  free 
in  speaking  English.  He  talked  of  the 
Chicago  Fair  and  Opium  efforts  and  him- 
self led  the  way  to  the  subject  by  asking 
how  we  speak  to  women.  "What  do  you 
do,"  .said  he  to  me,  "in  such  villages  as 
you  were  in  yesterday  ?  "  I  told  him  that 
we  tried  to  tell  of  Christ  in  a  simple  way  ; 
that  our  Saviour  was  our  great  possession 
above  that  of  any  Hindu.  He  seemed  to 
have  an  idea  that  Christ  was  one  of  several 
saints  and  that  when  a  man  reached  the 
stage  of  utter  indifference  to  physical  suffer- 
ing and  joy  he  had  attained  a  sinless  state. 
He  believed  there  was  no  good  in  a 
Parliament  of  Religions  on  a  matter  not  of 
discussion  but  of  faith.  Upon  the  subject 
of  the  Divinity  of  Christ,  I  asked  him  to 
read  the  Gospel  of  John. 

One  blessed  lesson  I  have  learned  on  this 
tour  is,  that  we  are  sent  as  luitnesses.  While 
giving  a  personal  experience  on  the  verandah 
of  a  merchant's  shop,  one  of  a  group  asked 
if  I  had  seen  Jesus,  "for,"  said  he,  "if 
what  you  say  is  from  hearing  and  reading, 
then  we  also  hear  of  Ram  and  others." 
The  following  day  a  Bai-Sahib,  the  adopted 
mother  of  the  Chief,  said  to  me — "  If  you 
were  pricked  would  you  not  feel  it?"  This 
was  her  test  of  spiritual  superiority.  She  had 
assembled  some  of  the  elite  of  the  place  to 
meet  us.  I  counted  forty-eight  women  and 
girls.  One  girl  beautifully  dressed  was  at 
the  door  to  lead  us  to  our  chairs.  The 
two  Bai-Sahibs  in  no  wise  touched  us,  but 
they  spoke  freely.  The  grandmother  of  the 
Chief  remembered  my  mother  and  sent  kind 
messages  to  her.  "We  are  on  different 
roads,"  said  the  Bai-Sahib,  "but  all  termin- 
ate in  the  same  place." 

During  Miss  Sherman's  faithful  answer  to 
this,  betel  leaves  and  spices  (a  polite  dis- 
missal) were  called  for.  Not  quick  to  take 
hints,   we   sang  a  hymn  and  the  grand- 


mother asked  us  to  sing  another.  One 
hymn  was  very  simple,  with  the  oft  re- 
peated refrain,  "  Christ  is  mine.  He  is  my 
Saviour."" 

Some  twenty  minutes  after  our  return  to 
the  bungalow,  two  women  were  announced. 
They  had  been  listeners  at  the  Bai-Sahib's 
and  had  come  to  speak  with  us.  One,  a 
devout  Hindu  widow,  repeated  lines  of 
poetry.  She  was  pleased  to  see  us  so  in- 
terested in  religion.  There  is  but  one  true 
God,  but  life  is  a  mirage  and  we  are  passers 
through  hundreds  of  births.  There  are 
steps  of  progress  and  some  of  us  have  at- 
tained to  that  higher  state  of  indifference  to 
every  physical  experience.  She  named  one 
such  as  Ramdas,  now  living  in  Miraj.  We 
are  told  this  is  a  crazy  man  who  has  a  fol- 
lowing especially  of  women.  Even  glimpses 
into  the  lives  of  these  poor,  deceived  women 
are  sad  enough. 

Two  women  came  to  see  us  after  dark. 
One  whispered  to  a  man  standing  near,  and 
I  heard  him  .say,  "  No,  no  ;  nothing  of  that 
kind."  I  said  to  her,  "You  wanted  to  ask 
something?""  "Yes,"  she  replied,  "my 
daughter's  jewels  have  been  stolen  and  she 
is  greatly  grieving  for  them,  and  we  thought 
you  might  tell  us  about  them.""  At  this 
place,  our  room,  prepared  for  a  new  girls' 
school,  wa:s  on  a  main  street.  Women  and 
children  were  eager  for  a  peep  at  us.  They 
gazed  through  windows  and  air  holes  in  the 
wall.  While  resting,  I  heard  a  woman  in- 
quire, "  Will  they  let  such  as  tis  see  ?  '" 

Is  it  not  sad  that  in  our  own  Kolhapur  Dis- 
trict we  should  be  such  a  curiosity  ?  One 
in  this  place  said  to  me,  "  I  have  been  doing 
works  for  God  since  I  was  ten  years  old, 
and  I  have  experienced  nothing."  I  told 
him  how  he  had  missed  his  way  in  not  com- 
ing through  Christ.  "  If  I  come  this  way, 
how  long  will  it  be  before  I  experience 
peace  ?  How  long  was  it  with  you?  "  ^'ery 
direct  were  some  of  the  questions  put  to  us, 
and  I  was  glad  to  go  repeatedly  to  Jesus  for 
a  fre.sh  supply  of  right  feeling  and  thoughts 
for  these  people.         Grace  E.  Wilder. 


A  TRIO  OF  CHARACTERISTIC  INDIA  FEATURES. 


"Two  shall  be  grinding  at  one  mill." 
The  solemn  warning  that  follows  comes  to 
us  with  little  force.  We  picture  to  our- 
selves a  whirl  and  clatter  of  machinery,  a 
white  haze  in  which  white  men  move  about 
like  ghostly  figures  in  a  dream :  or,  the 
quieter  country  mill  with  its  beautiful  tree- 


fringed  race,  with  the  great  wheel  from 
which  the  water  drips  to  unknown  depths 
below;  the  cheery  miller  dressed  all  in 
white  moving  amid  bags  of  grain  or  white, 
clean  flour.  They  will  separate  to-night, 
the.se  workers,  to,  it  may  be  similar,  it  may 
be  divergent,  homes  and  lives.     We  realize 


A  TRIO  OF  CHARACTERISTIC  INDIA  FEATURES.  [April, 


they  may  read  very 
differently  the  prob- 
lems of  life. 

But  the  picture 
unconsciously  r  e  - 
called  by  our  Lord 
and  His  disciples 
was  this  : 

A  low  room,  on 
the  smooth  earthen 
floor  of  which  a 
blanket  or  sheet  had 
been  spread.  In  the 
center   of   this,  a 


women  of  the  poor- 
er classes  in  many 
oriental  countries. 
In  the  richer  famil- 
ies it  is  done  by  ser- 
vants. It  brings  in- 
to the  closest  com- 
panionship m  e  m  - 
bers  of  the  same 
household.  Weary 
work  if  long  con- 
tinued, it  is  often 
carried  on  with 
merry  chat  and 


THE  DAILY  GKINU,   ELEPHAiNTS  AND  A  MARBLE  TOMB  OF  INDIA. 


heavy  circular  stone  which  proves  on  in- 
spection to  be  two  stones  with  rough  but 
even  surfaces,  the  upper  fitting  over  a 
projection  in  the  middle  of  the  lower 
stone.  In  the  upper  one,  two  upright 
smooth  sticks  for  handles  (or  one  only  if  the 
mill  is  small).  Beside  this,  on  the  floor,  sit 
two  women  each  holding  a  handle.  From 
the  basket  by  her  side,  one  takes  a  handful 
of  wheat  and  pours  it  into  the  groove  which 
surrounds  the  center  projection.  Both  bodies 
bend  foward  and  impel  the  upper  stone  on 
its  mission  of  turning  the  wheat  to  flour. 
Cea.selessly  the  stones  grind,  back  and  forth 
the  bodies  .sway,  slowly  the  crushed  wheat 
comes  from  the  circumference  of  the  stones 
falling  on  the  sheet,  until  the  basket  is 
empty.  Then  the  mill  is  lifted  off  the  sheet, 
the  crushed  grain  shaken  together  and  put 
back  into  the  basket  (which,  being  plastered 
with  clay,  retains  it,)  and  the  grinding  be- 
gins again.  It  must  go  through  two  or  three 
times  before  it  is  fit  for  bread. 

This  is  the  daily  work  of  multitudes  of 


laughter  while  flour  is  ground  for  daily  bread. 

And  to-day,  as  more  than  nineteen  cent- 
uries ago,  it  is  true  that  were  our  Lord  to 
come,  one  would  be  taken,  the  other  left. 
Can  we  not  do  more  to  lessen  the  number 
of  those  who  labor  for  the  bread  that  per- 
i.shes  but  have  not  found  the  Bread  of  Life  ? 


India  is  one  of  the  homes  of  the  elephant. 
He  figures  largely  in  all  Oriental  pageants, 
is  written  of  by  travelers  as  one  of  the 
features  of  Eastern  life,  and  might  be 
thought  almost  as  common  as  the  horse  is 
with  us.  This  is  not  the  case.  The  snar- 
ing and  taming  of  elephants  are  difficult ; 
the  cost  of  keeping  one  would  support  three 
families  of  working  men  comfortably,  and 
they  are  liable  to  become  dangerous.  An 
infuriated  elephant  is  as  bad  as  a  cyclone 
for  he  tramples  down  and  destroys  every- 
thing that  comes  in  his  way. 

His  gait  is  by  no  means  pleasant  if  at  all 
rapid.  No  one  would  find  him  as  exhilarat- 
ing as  a  good  horse  and  the  sensation  of 


I894-] 


YOUNG  WOMEN'S  CHRISTIAN  ASSOCIATION. 


93 


being  on  top  of  a  hill  in  motion  is  more 
curious  than  delightful.  By  Europeans  he 
is  only  used  as  a  beast  of  burden.  He  is 
owned  chiefly  by  rich  native  gentlemen  and 
by  princes  and  used  by  them  to  grace 
festive  occasions  and  lend  dignity  to  public 
appearances.  The  writer  remembers  pass- 
ing between  rows  of  elephants  painted  and 
richly  caparisoned,  to  reach  the  palace 
of  a  Native  Prince  whose  daughter  was  being 
married.  Many  of  the  howdahs  were  over- 
laid with  silver  or  ornamented  with  gold 
and  the  great  beasts  looked  very  imposing 
and  just  a  little  bit  alarming.  Ordinarily, 
the  howdah  is  not  much  used  by  natives  of 
the  North  West.  A  heavy  pad  is  placed  on 
the  back  of  the  elephant  and  fastened  by 
thick  ropes  on  which  the  feet  of  the  rider 
rest.  It  is  more  comfortable  than  a  howdah 
and  perfectly  safe,  if  you  do  not  roll  off 
while  the  animal  rises  from  his  kneeling 
position,  as  you  certainly  will  if  you  forget 
to  hold  on  to  the  ropes. 

Once  up,  you  look  down  not  only  on  the 
people  on  foot,  but  on  the  tops  of  houses, 
of  bushes  and  small  trees,  get  brushed  in 
the  face  by  larger  ones  and  soon  learn  that 
there  are  disadvantages  as  well  as  advantages 
in  being  up  in  the  world. 

Sarah  E.  Newton. 


Bene.^th  a  tomb  on  the  northern  bank 
of  the  river  Jumna,  directly  opposite  Agra, 
rest  the  remains  of  Kwaja  Alias,  one  of  the 
most  remarkable  characters  in  the  reign  of 
the  Emperor  Jehangir.  He  was  a  Persian 
nobleman  who,  through  a  series  of  misfort- 


unes, became  reduced  to  poverty.  In  the 
Imperial  Court  of  India,  he  had  relatives 
who  encouraged  him  to  try  to  retrieve  his 
fallen  fortunes  in  that  distant  country.  His 
wife  and  two  sons  accompanied  him  and, 
on  this  journey,  a  daughter  was  born  who 
afterward  became  the  most  famous  woman 
in  Indian  history. 

Kwaja  Alias  rose  to  distinction,  becom- 
ing, at  length.  Prime  Minister  of  the  Em- 
pire. The  daughter  born  on  the  journey 
to  India,  became  wife  of  the  Emperor 
Jehangir  and  bore  the  title  of  Nur  Jehan,  or 
Light  of  the  World — famous  not  only  for 
wonderful  beauty  but  for  remarkable  quali- 
ties of  mind.  She  caused  her  name  to  be 
struck  on  the  coin  of  the  royal  mint,  with 
that  of  the  Emperor,  and  for  ten  years  vir- 
tually ruled  the  Empire.  One  of  her 
brothers  became  the  father  of  Mumtaj-i- 
Mahal,  for  whom  her  husband.  Shah  Jehan, 
built  the  Taj. 

At  the  death  of  her  father,  Nur  Jehan 
caused  the  beautiful  mausoleum  represented 
in  the  cut  to  be  erected  to  his  memory.  It 
is  of  white  marble,  on  a  marble  platform, 
and  from  its  corners  ri.se  four  marble 
minarets.  From  the  center  of  the  tomb 
springs  a  marble  structure,  elaborately 
carved  and  ornamented,  the  corners  ter- 
minating in  golden  spires.  The  exquisite 
carving  on  the  sides  resembles  lacework. 
The  decorations  of  the  interior  are  char- 
acterized by  the  same  purity  of  taste  and 
richness  of  design  which  distinguish  the 
Pearl  Mosque  and  the  world-renowned  Taj. 
Beneath  the  arched  roof  is  the  real  tomb. 

Helen  H.  Holcomb. 


YOUNG  WOMEN'S  CHRISTIAN  ASSOCIATION  IN  INDIA. 

[A  young  lady  in  England,  who  has  started  a  Y.  W.  C.  A.  in  her  church,  asked  that  her  society 
might  be  linked  to  a  similar  society  in  India  for  mutual  sympathy  and  more  earnest  work  and  prayer. 
The  Honorable  Mrs.  Waller  proposed  our  society  here  in  Ambala  and  recjuested  our  secretary,  IVIiss 
Wyckoff,  to  write  her  a  letter,  giving  an  account  of  the  society.  The  following  copy  of  this  letter,  which 
was  written  some  months  since,  may  be  of  interest  to  readers  of  Woman's  Work  for  Wo.man. — M.  J.  W.] 


I  HAVE  been  asked  to  give  a  little  account 
of  our  Native  Y.  W.  C.  A.  branch  from  its 
first  start.  To  go  back  to  the  beginning  : 
the  Honorable  Miss  Kinnaird  came  to  Am- 
bala in  Dec,  1892  and  started  an  English 
branch  which  soon  numbered  fifteen  mem- 
bers, but  as  she  stayed  only  a  day  or  two, 
she  could  not  get  out  to  the  city,  though 
she  sent  books  and  papers  and  gave  us  all 
the  help  she  could. 

My  mother  and  I  went  to  all  the  Native 
Christian  women  here  and  told  them  about 


the  Association,  and  a.sked  if  they  did  not 
feel  they  ought  to  be  doing  more  for  their 
sisters  about  them  who  are  sitting  in  dark- 
ness. They  all  agreed  that  it  would  be 
very  nice  to  meet  once  a  week  at  our  house 
to  have  a  Bible  reading  and  do  some 
work  for  the  poor.  Twelve  women  promised 
to  let  me  take  their  names  as  willing  to  be- 
come members. 

Mrs.  C. ,  the  most  active  member,  is  a 
widow  with  six  children  to  support,  yet  she 
was  the  first  to  say  we  ought  to  do  more 


A  DOCTOR'S  VISIT  TO  A  DISTINGUISHED  PA  TIENT.  [April, 


than  to  give  our  annual  fee,  and  pro])osed 
we  should  support  a  Bible  woman  to  teach 
in  the  villages.  Almost  every  member 
promised  to  give  something  every  month 
for  this  purpose,  and  when  the  English 
branch  heard  of  it,  they  said  they  would 
support  a  woman  also.  Now  we  have  two 
Bible  women  to  go  to  the  villages  to  teach 
the  women  and  chidren.  My  mother  often 
goes  with  them,  and  always  comes  back 
much  encouraged  by  what  she  has  seen  and 
heard,  and  touched  with  the  way  these 
simple  village  jjeople  receive  the  story  of 
Christ.  They  are  learning  to  sing  Christian 
hymns  to  native  airs  and  to  answer  ques- 
tions about  the  life  of  our  Lord. 

Another  of  our  members  used  to  attend 
one  of  mother's  schools  years  ago  in  the 
N.  W.  Provinces.  She  is  married  and  has 
two  grown-up  daughters,  who  have  joined 
us  and  are  good  workers  and  get  through 
such  a  lot  of  sewing  !    Just  now  we  are 

A  DOCTOR'S  VISIT  TO  A 

Having  been  asked  to  see  the  Maharani 
of  Punnah,  in  company  with  Miss  Symes,  I 
left  Allahabad  for  that  place  March  24, 
1893.  Punnah  is  in  the  Native  State  of 
Bundelkhund,  Central  India,  and  has  a 
population  of  twenty-seven  thousand  people, 
Hindus  and  Mohammedans,  the  former 
greatly  predominating.  We  reached  the 
end  of  our  journey  next  day,  and  were  put 
down  at  a  bungalow  which  contained  bed- 
steads, chairs  and  tables.  We  had  our  own 
bedding  and  table  linen,  so  we  were  not 
long  in  taking  possession  of  the  rooms. 

Our  first  visit  to  the  Maharajah's  palace 
was  one  never  to  be  forgotten.  At  the  hour 
appointed  a  carriage  came  for  us,  and,  ar- 
rived at  the  door,  we  were  shown  to  the 
waiting  room  and,  after  what  .seemed  a 
long  time,  summoned  to  His  Highness' s 
reception-room.  As  we  entered,  he  was 
standing  by  a  table,  wearing  the  white 
native  dress  made  of  fine  material  and  on 
his  head  a  high  velvet  cap  bordered  with 
gold  lace.  Hair  and  beard  were  dyed  a 
peculiar  reddish  color.  Altogether,  he  i)re- 
sented  a  striking  appearance.  He  knows 
not  that  he  is  "  miserable  and  poor  and 
blind  and  naked."  After  a  few  common- 
place remarks,  he  told  me  about  his  two 
wives  and  recjuested  me  to  see  them.  \\'e 
found  them  in  another  part  of  the  palace, 
living  behind  high  walls  in  perfect  seclu- 
sion.   The  elder  is  forty  years  old,  was 


making  clothes  for  the  poor  leper  women 
in  the  Asylum  under  my  father's  care. 

The  wife  of  the  head  master  of  our 
mission  school  is  one  of  our  members,  but 
as  she  has  four  small  children  she  cannot 
do  much  besides  look  after  them.  She  is 
a  good  mother  and  always  bright  and  cheer- 
ful. Some  of  the  Native  gentlemen  in  the 
city  who  know  her  husband,  have  asked 
him  to  let  her  come  to  see  their  wives  and 
daughters,  and  she  wishes  mother  and  me 
to  go  with  her.  It  is  very  wonderful  they 
should  ask  it,  for  in  this  city  people  are 
very  bigoted  and  as  a  rule  hate  Christians. 
Two  or  three  of  our  members  are  very  fond 
of  singing,  and  one  or  two,  alas  !  are  fond 
of  talking  much  more  than  is  good  for 
them.  However  we  have  very  happy  little 
meetings,  and  I  am  sure  when  we  contrast 
our  Christian  women  with  the  heathen,  we 
have  every  reason  to  be  thankful  and  en- 
couraged. Laura  Wyckoff. 

DISTINGUISHED  PATIENT. 

married  at  the  age  of  nine  ;  the  younger  is 
eighteen  and  has  been  married  six  years. 
They  had  their  faces  covered  when  we 
entered  but  seemed  to  enjoy  peeping  out 
at  us.  Neither  of  them  could  speak  En- 
glish, and  Miss  Symes  acted  as  interpreter. 
The  elder  is  a  bright,  intelligent  woman. 
Their  lives  are  very  sad,  and  I  could  not  but 
feel  that  they,  in  a  measure,  realize  it.  They 
asked  a  great  many  questions  about  our 
country,  and  said  :  "Your  women  must  be 
very  happy,  because  they  are  free." 

Whenever  the  Maharajah  enters  their 
apartment,  they  both  advance  to  meet  him, 
bow  themselves  to  the  ground  and  touch  or 
kiss  his  feet.  This  was  done  in  our  pres- 
ence over  and  over  again.  When  he 
leaves,  the  same  ceremony  is  repeated. 
With  them,  it  is  disrespectful  for  a  woman 
to  eat  her  food  before  her  husband  has 
eaten,  though  they  never  eat  together.  This 
man  does  not  choose  to  take  his  first  meal 
in  the  day  until  two  o'clock  in  the  after- 
noon, and,  accordingly,  the  wives  and  all 
other  women  of  the  household  cannot  taste 
food  until  after  that  hour.  His  second 
meal  is  taken  at  two  o'clock  in  the  morn- 
ing, after  which  the  women  eat  and  then 
retire  to  sleep.  (They  have  only  two  meals 
in  twenty-four  hours.  )  The  women  said  : 
"Before  that  time" — (2  a.m.) — "our  eyes 
are  heavy  and  we  would  rather  sleep  than 
eat.  but  we  must  wait  until  our  husband  has 


1894] 


THE  USE  OF  AN  UNFINISHED  QUILT. 


95 


eaten.''  When  asked  "  Why  ?"  they  said  : 
"Because  it  is  custom." 

It  was  the  younger  wife  whom  I  was 
called  to  treat,  but  I  was  never  sure  that  my 
directions  were  followed.  In  giving  medi- 
cines, they  would  hold  out  their  hands  and 
have  us  put  it  into  them  without  touching 
hands,  or  they  asked  us  to  put  it  on  a  chair, 
lest  we  pollute  them. 

In  our  presence  they  sat  on  chairs, 
although  they  said  they  preferred  the  floor. 

During  our  stay,  a  brother  of  the  elder 
Maharani  was  taken  with  fever.  I  found  him 
in  a  room  in  the  palace  which  had  neither  out- 
side door  nor  window  ;  consequently  neither 
light  nor  air.  After  a  great  deal  of  talking, 
I  succeeded  in  getting  him  moved  into  an 
apartment  which  admitted  of  some  venti- 
lation. The  weather  though  warm  in  the 
day  was  pleasant  at  night,  but  when  we 
called  late  in  the  evening  we  found  the 
doors,  which  we  had  ordered  kept  open,  not 
only  closed,  but  over  each  was  hung  a  thick 
purdah  and  a  straw  tatti  over  that,  lest  the 
patient  get  a  breath  of  night  air.  There 
were  two  fires  in  different  parts  of  the  room 
and  ten  persons  sitting  or  standing  around. 

One  morning,  the  Maharani  asked  me  if 
the  sick  man  might  have  a  drink  of  water. 
I  said  "yes."  She  then  took  a  large  spoon, 
filled  it  with  water  and,  by  dipping  hei 
fingers  in  it,  washed  her  husband's  feet  and 
then  gave  the  same  water  to  her  sick  brother 
to  drink.  I  am  glad  to  say  the  man  got  well, 
but,  instead  of  recognizing  God's  Hand  in 
his  recovery,  they  employed  a  Brahmin 
priest  to  spend  a  great  deal  of  time  in  cry- 
ing aloud  thanks  to  their  heathen  god.  After 
twelve  days,  we  were  taken  seven  miles 
from  Punnah  to  the  summer  residence  of 
this  family,  where  we  remained  twelve  days 


more.  At  this  place  the  Maharajah  has 
built  a  palace  with  marble  floors,  electric 
lights,  a  telephone,  expensive  clocks,  mir- 
rors, many  of  his  own  photographs  hang- 
ing on  the  walls,  and  fancy  ornaments. 
This,  all  for  himself.  In  the  rear  are  two 
houses,  one  on  each  side,  for  his  wives. 
During  our  stay  they  occupied  one  together, 
and  Miss  Symes  and  my.self  lived  in  the 
other.  We  could  neither  see  nor  be  seen, 
being  surrounded  on  all  sides  by  high  walls. 
It  was  a  regular  prison,  exce])t  that,  of 
course,  we  had  the  privilege  of  going  out 
when  we  liked,  but  the  wives  had  not. 

During  our  stay  with  these  people  I  had 
more  of  an  insight  into  the  lives  of 
women  of  India  than  I  could  probably 
acquire  in  years  in  any  other  way.  Many 
things  made  my  heart  ache.  We  tried  to 
use  our  opportunities  to  teach  these  women 
of  the  love  of  God.  They  always  listened 
well,  and  seemed  interested  in  the  books 
which  we  gave  them,  in  Hindi — "The  Life 
of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ,"  and  others. 

January  22,  1894. — The  Maharajah  of 
Punnah  died  early  in  November  last,  from 
apoplexy,  and  was  buried  in  Allahabad 
with  great  pomp. 

And  now  those  poor  women  must  bear 
the  curse  of  widowhood.  I  thought  their 
condition  sad  before,  but,  if  it  can  be  worse, 
it  must  be  now.  None  of  their  people  will 
care  whether  they  live  or  die,  and  they  may 
never  again  have  the  opportunity  of  hearing 
the  story  of  God's  love  for  them.  On  the 
other  hand,  I  have  thought,  perhaps  they 
will  now  have  more  time  to  think  of  what 
they  have  heard  and  read  the  books  we  gave 
them  and  pray  to  be  led  to  a  knowledge 
of  Him  whom  those  books  reveal. 

Etnma  L.  Templin. 


THE  USE  OF  AN  UNFINISHED  QUILT. 


We  have  had  some  out-of-door  audiences 
in  the  city,  where  many  women  gathered 
around  us.  One  of  the  largest  was  near  the 
home  of  the  grandmother  of  Tanee,  a  little 
Maratha  girl  who  had  been  in  school  five 
years  and  had  committed  well  the  Lord's 
prayer,  ten  commandments  and  cate- 
chism. It  is  said  of  her  that  she  was  never 
troublesome  in  school.  When  meeting  her 
Christian  teacher  in  the  bazaar  or  on  the 
street,  she  would  at  once  speak,  and,  tak- 
ing her  hand,  show  much  joy  in  meeting 
her.  When  this  child  was  an  infant,  her 
mother  died.     Her  grandmother,  who  was 


poor,  brought  her  up  and  became  very  fond 
of  her,  and  as  she  grew  older  was  pleased 
with  the  school  attainments  of  the  child, 
especially  with  her  nice,  fine  needle-work. 

Hearing  that  Tanee  was  ill  with  fever, 
my  daughter  visited  the  child  and  took  her 
to  the  hospital.  The  anxious  grandmother 
left  her  home  within  two  days,  but  Tanee 
lived  only  a  few  hours  after  seeing  her.  We 
were  told  that  the  dear  child  called  for  my 
daughter  in  her  last  hours.  A  little  bed- 
quilt,  nearly  finished,  lay  in  our  school- 
room belonging  to  her.  Now  what  shall 
be  done  with  this  upon  which  dear  little 


96 


EVERYDAY  LIFE  IN  THE  VILLAGE. 


[April, 


Tanee's  fingers  have  been  so  neatly  work- 
ing, the  last  two  years?  I  put  the  question 
to  the  schoolgirls,  who  answered,  "Oh, 
give  it  to  her  grandmother." 

Soon  after,  my  daughter  and  I  visited 
her.  Taking  the  quilt  in  her  arms,  she  cried 
over  it,  repeating  many  times,  "  O,  Tanee  !  " 
Neighboring    women     gathering  around 


seemed  touched  that  we  had  brought  the 
quilt.  We  did  not  come  away  without 
a  talk  with  them  about  Jesus  and  Heaven. 

If  some  of  our  dear  friends  in  America 
sometimes  grow  weary  with  basting  patch- 
work for  heathen  children,  I  wish  they 
might  have  seen  how  we  were  helped  by  a 
quilt  that  morning.       Eliza  J.  Wilder. 


A  VILLAGE  STREET  IN  NORTH  INDIA. 


The  old  man  in  the  foreground  of  our 
village  scene  is  getting  his  head  shampooed. 
Some  of  the  hairs  must  be  saved  and  car- 
ried down  to  the  river,  the  next  time  he 
goes  in  that  direction,  to  be  offered  to  the 
river  god  for  good  luck.  It  would  be 
amusing,  were  it  not  pitiful,  to  see  with 
what  importance  Hindus  observe  the  most 
minute  details  of  their  religious  ceremonies. 
The  barber,  belonging  to  the  better  caste, 
has  been  called  in;  the  other  men  either 
live  in  the  village  or  are  passing  through, 
and  all  stop  to  assist  by  their  suggestions. 
If  the  barber  is  wealthy,  the  coolie  sitting 
behind  him  is  his  attendant  and  was  brought 
along  to  carry  the  articles  needed.  To  us 
Americans,  with  our  independent  ideas  of 
doing  everything  for  ourselves,  the  thought 
of  showing  one's  importance  or  station  in 
life  by  the  smallness  of  the  article  com- 


mitted to  our  attendant  is  trivial.  Far 
otherwise  is  it  viewed  in  India. 

The  four  women  in  the  picture  show  us 
not  only  the  way  Hindu  women  sit,  but  the 
different  modes  of  wearing  their  chuddars, 
anklets  and  armlets.  Upon  the  entrance 
of  the  missionary,  the  women  of  the  Zenana 
draw  the  chuddar  so  as  to  completely  cover 
the  face  and  refuse  to  say  a  word  until  it  is 
coaxed  out  of  them.  Their  bashfulness  is 
overcome  only  by  combined  efforts  of  the 
Bible  woman  and  missionary  lady.  Im- 
agine, if  you  can,  the  lives  of  these  women. 
Taught  to  consider  work  degrading  and 
education  beyond  their  powers ;  marrying 
while  still  children  and  growing  up  with 
their  minds  a  blank  ;  is  it  any  wonder  they 
become  proficient,  chiefly,  in  the  use  of  the 
tongue  ?  Quarreling  is  their  only  recrea- 
tion and  they  make  the  most  of  it. 


1894  ]        A  MORNING  VISIT  TO  A  MARATHA  VILLAGE. 


97 


With  just  such  children  as  are  seen  in 
the  picture  we  start  and  carry  on  our  bazar 
schools.  Just  such  dirty,  frowzy  little 
girls  and  ragged,  saucy  boys  are  in  every 
school.  The  girls  have  evidently  worked 
for  and  won  the  prize  of  a  koortah,  but  the 
little  fellow  seated  in  the  foreground  seem- 
ill  at  ease  with  the  acquisition  of  his  new 
garment  and  is  trying  to  divest  himself  of 
it  in  order  to  be  comfortable.  You  observe 
a  bed  standing  between  the  girls  and  the 
coolie.  About  eighteen  inches  high,  five 
feet  long  by  four  feet  wide  is  the  average 
size  ;  the  center  is  of  braided  rope.  If  a  mis- 
sionary on  an  itinerating  tour  forgets  her  camp 
chair,  one  of  these  beds  is  at  her  disposal. 

The  houses  seen  deserve  a  word  of  de- 
scription. Foundations  they  have  none. 
Sometimes  the  walls  are  made  of  sun-dried 
bricks.  Such  houses  are  quite  substantial 
and,  when  plastered  without  and  within  and 
covered  with  a  coat  of  whitewash,  they  are 
very  comfortable  and  neat.  But  the  houses 
before  us  are  made  just  as  children  build 
snow  forts.  The  clay  is  dug  up  with  a 
pickaxe,  water  poured  over  it  till  it  is,  as  I 
heard  a  missionary's  child  say,  "  Just  fit  for 
mud-pies."  This  paste  is  carried  in  flat 
baskets  on  the  heads  of  coolies  to  other 
•coolies,  who  build  the  walls  as  you  see  them. 
The  roof  is  made  by  first  setting  the  ridge- 
pole, which  is  often  crooked,  and  to  it  fasten- 
ing bamboo  frames  to  which  the  grass  is 
attached.    This  roof  is  a  splendid  resort 

A  MORNING  VISIT  TO 

You  arrange  your  household  affairs  the 
night  before  and  plan  to  make  an  early  start, 
for  it  is  still  the  hot  season. 

The  disinclination  to  rise  is  soon  over- 
come by  the  freshness  of  the  morning,  the 
bird  songs,  and  the  excitement  accompany- 
ing an  important  expedition.  You  move 
about  quietly,  not  to  waken  the  sleeping 
children.  The  toast  and  tea  seem  very  fresh 
and  hot  and  are  soon  dispo.sed  of.  The 
Bible  woman  is  called  from  her  house  near 
by  and  off  you  start,  the  good  man  of  the 
house  driving  the  little  Deccany  ponies. 
His  helper  who  has  walked  on  before  will 
join  the  party  later. 

The  city  is  not  yet  astir  but  people  are 
coming  in  from  all  directions  with  market- 
ing ;  women  carrying  baskets  of  fruit  and 
vegetables  on  their  heads ;  men  with  bun- 
dles of  wood  or  hay.   You  are  glad  to  leave 


for  rats,  snakes,  centipedes  and  scorpions. 

Our  smaller  picture  illustrates  perfectly 
market  day  in  a  village  before  the  crowd 
has  collected.    Each  farmer,  with  his  little 


MORNING  IN  THE  VILLAGE  BAZAR. 

all  in  the  flat  tray  placed  upon  the  basket, 
has  come  from  outside  the  village  and  is 
waiting  for  customers.  The  white  pile  in 
the  distance,  of  course,  is  rice.  The  inhabi- 
tants of  the  place  have  their  wares  dis- 
played on  their  verandahs.  To  complete  the 
scene,  the  missionary,  the  helper  and  a 
baby  organ  should  be  established  in  full 
view,  ready  to  draw  a  crowd  by  singing  a 
bhajan  and  telling  the  story  of  Jesus. 

Elizabeth  Babbitt. 

A  MARATHA  VILLACxE. 

the  city  behind.  How  delightful  the  fresh 
air  !  How  pleasant  the  chat  in  the  tonga'^^, 
which  is  now  well  filled.  The  hedge-rows 
are  beatiful.  Over  there  is  a  bit  that  re- 
minds one  of  home.  But  there  is  withal  a 
faintness  of  heart.  What  if  you  do  not  find 
a  welcome  at  this  place  to  which  you  are 
going  for  the  first  time  ?  What  if  no  ore 
will  receive  you  ?  What  if,  having  gotten  an 
audience,  you  do  not  say  just  the  right 
words?  Happily,  when  the  opportunity  has 
actually  come,  when  you  have  reached  the 
village  and  the  women  have  been  found, 
that  heavy  sense  of  responsibility  leaves  you. 
It  is  God's  mes.sage  that  you  are  about  to 
give.  His  Holy  Spirit  will  help  you.  There 
are  a  thousand  ways  of  opening  up  the  talk. 
Sometimes  the  Bible  woman  plays  the  con- 
certina, singing  a  hymn  with  it,  and  then 

*Two  wheeled  two  seated  vehicle  drawn  by  ponies. 


98 


THE  FESTIVE  SIDE  AT  AMBALA. 


[April, 


she  explains  the  hymn.  Sometimes  you  be- 
gin with  household  affairs  or  the  price  of 
grain.  Often  you  say  :  "  We  have  come  with 
a  message  ;  have  you  time  to  hear  it  ? 

You  cannot  visit  more  than  two  or  three 
houses  in  a  morning.  There  is  much  to 
talk  about  in  each  one.  If  a  man,  coming 
in,  wishes  to  carry  on  a  discussion  about 
your  religion  and  his  religion,  you  beg  him 
to  go  to  the  village  hall  where  the  men  of 
your  party  have  usually  their  largest  audi- 
ences. The  moments  are  too  precious  to 
waste  in  discussion.  The  women  seldom 
care  for  it.  They  may  be  curious  about  you, 
your  status,  the  number  and  sex  of  your 
children,  the  cost  of  your  dress.  They  some- 
times ask  most  irrelevant  questions,  but  they 
hear  eagerly  the  tidings  of  a  free  salvation 
offered  by  a  Father  who  loves  them,  and 
they  often  express  their  need  of  a  Saviour. 


Some  of  Christ's  own  words  you  must  give 
them — and  perhaps  another  hymn,  for  they 
love  the  singing.  At  last  you  realize  that  it 
is  growing  late  and,  with  many  invitations 
to  return,  take  your  leave. 

On  the  drive  home  you  exchange  experi- 
ences with  the  others  and  plan  the  next  ex- 
cursion. Then  you  begin  to  question  ;  would 
it  be  better  to  go  back  again  to  this  place,  or 
to  go  next  time  to  one  of  those  other  vil- 
lages where  the  women  have  probably  never 
been  visited  ?  You  wish  some  one  could  de- 
vote all  her  time  to  this  work.  You  yourself 
can  go  but  once  a  week  or  so,  and  the  vil- 
lages lie  around  the  city  like  the  islands  in 
the  yEgean  Sea  around  Greece. 

You  reach  home  after  three  hours'  absence, 
tired,  warm  and  hungry,  but — strange  par- 
adox— rested,  refreshed  and  fed. 

A.  M.  Gohecn. 


THE  FESTIVE  SIDE  AT  AMBALA  DESCRIBED  BY  A  VISITOR. 


When  the  children  were  asked  on  De- 
cember 25  what  day  it  was,  they  promptly 
replied,  "  A  hurra  din  "  (i.e.,  big  day  )  and 
a  big  day  it  was  all  around.  It  was  ushered 
in  at  5,  A.  M.  by  a  new  carol  learned  for  the 
occasion,  and  sung  on  the  ladies'  verandah 
by  Native  Christians.  At  daybreak  a  band 
serenaded  us,  until  they  were  paid  about  two 
cents  each  to  move  on.  First  thing  after 
breakfast,  the  little  school — composed  of 
the  servants'  children — was  examined  and 
prizes  awarded.  They  sang  "There  is  a 
Happy  Land  '"  in  such  a  way  that  I  recog- 
nized the  tune  by  the  time  they  reached  the 
end  of  the  first  verse.  Prizes  were  purses  or 
goods  for  garments,  besides  sweets,  nuts  and 
fruit  which  all  received.  It  did  me  good  to 
see  them  look  so  happy.  Soon  came  all  the 
dais  (midwives)  in  cousin  Jessica's  medical 
class,  each  with  a  large  tray  filled  with  eat- 
ables on  her  head — a  present  for  us  all. 
We  were  sorry  that  they  felt  obliged  to  do 
this,  as  it  meant  about  a  month's  wages, 
but  they  looked  so  happy  as  they  displayed 
them  that  we  could  but  be  grateful.  The 
odd  part  of  it  to  me  is,  that  it  is  the  custom 
for  all  these  things  to  be  at  once  handed 
over  to  the  servants.  Beggars,  meanwhile, 
had  formed  a  line  at  a  little  distance  from 
the  house  awaiting  a  bakshish.  Other  trays 
arrived  from  grateful  patients  and  from  ac- 
quaintances, until  I  think  there  must  have 
been  a  bushel  of  oranges.  After  dinner  as 
we  were  going  to  the  little  eye  ward  to  dis- 
tribute there  some  oranges,  the  postman 


brought  us  our  mail  in  which  were  cards 
for  each,  from  loving  friends.  I  wish  you 
could  see  the  nice,  high  caste  Brahmin  and 
his  family  who  as.sist  at  this  hospital.  He 
is  educated  and  such  an  invaluable,  willing 
helper,  compounding  and  aiding  generally, 
besides  cooking  for  the  patients  who, 
however  ragged  and  dirty  they  are,  will 
not  eat  anything  cooked  by  us.  We  found 
some  of  the  patients  nearly  well ;  all  smiled 
on  us.  Their  sweets  had  been  bought 
expressly  for  the  purpose,  but  we  might  not 
help  in  distributing  them  lest  we  pollute 
them.  They  will  take  fruit,  only,  from  us. 
Lastly,  the  city  Sunday-school  and  dais 
were  visited.  Tho.se  children  who  could 
repeat  a  verse  of  Scripture  received  a  purse 
(little  bag  made  of  a  bright  bit  of  goods) 
or  other  trifle.  The  dais  received  chuddars, 
or  goods  for  a  garment.  In  the  evening 
there  were  callers,  the  day  ending  with 
another  carol  sung  on  the  verandah. 

At  home,  where  we  are  so  accustomed  to 
the  Christmas  story  and  gifts  of  love,  there 
was  never  the  meaning  in  the  day  that  it 
has  here  in  India.  The  need  of  a  Saviour 
seems  so  much  more  real,  here.  I  felt  like 
weeping  that  so  few  know  of  His  love. 

I  think  you  have  heard  about  a  young, 
educated  Christian  leper  who  is  in  the 
Asylum  here.  He  teaches  in  the  school  for 
the  servants'  children,  and  on  Sunday 
preaches  to  the  beggars  who  come  for  a 
pice.  It  is  a  striking  sight ;  he  so  young 
yet  fatally  doomed — they  so  old,  miserable. 


1894  ]         DESCRIPTION  OF  CUT  OF  CANTON  HOSPITAL. 


99 


and  dirty  ;  he  offering  them  eternal  life  and 
riches,  they  chnging  to  their  superstitions 
and  thinking  of  the  pice  they  are  to  receive. 
Old  Rattia,  who  has  led  the  singing  so 
many  years  at  the  Leper  Asylum,  is  ill,  and 
may  not  survive  the  cold  season.  His 
Christian  influence  can  hardly  be  spared 
among  the  other  patients.  He  led  the  sing- 
ing, in  bed  though  he  was,  one  night  when 
I  went  over  to  their  service. 

Mrs.  Calderwood  invited  us  over  to  the 
prize-giving  in  one  of  her  schools.  Most 
of  the  children  were  cleanly  dressed,  some 
had  made  quite  an  effort  in  gala  costumes. 
The  lady  of  the  house  in  whose  courtyard 
the  school  is  held,  put  on  a  fine  costume 
after  we  arrived.  She  served  tea,  sweets 
and,  a  great  treat  for  them,  pan.  As  I  had 
never  tasted  it,  I  brought  mine  home  to  in- 
spect. There  is  a  large  green  leaf  of  spicy 
taste,  very  eatable,  that  they  use  to  wrap 
about  half  a  nutmeg,  a  cardamon  seed,  and 
other  spices  which  I  could  not  name,  all 
pinned  together  with  a  clove.  This  deli- 
cacy a  Native  lady  tucks  in  her  cheek,  en- 


joying it  at  leisure.  The  children  were 
examined  in  reading,  writing  and  cate- 
chism, and  work  bags  with  bright  wools, 
books,  slates,  or  dolls,  were  given  out,  ac- 
cording to  ages.  The  older  girls  teach  the 
younger  ones  very  willingly.  They  showed 
stockings  and  mittens  they  had  knit  of 
bright  wools,  more  gay  than  beautiful. 
There  are  forty  names  on  the  roll  in  this 
school,  although  all  are  not  regular  in  at- 
tendance. One  poor  child  who  would  not 
come  but  played  on  the  road,  received  no 
present.  We  grieved  for  her,  but  she  must 
be  made  an  example  of. 

Dr.  Emily  Marston  and  Dr.  Je.ssica 
Carleton  seem  nicely  suited  to  work  to- 
gether. It  is  a  great  comfort  in  difficult 
cases  to  have  some  one  to  consult.  Often, 
one  will  be  called  away  and  the  other  can, 
for  the  time,  keep  the  most  important  work 
for  both  going.  There  are  days  when 
neither  gets  much  time  to  eat,  and  every  day 
they  are  busy  from  morning  until  night. 
H.  Flizabeth  Carleton 

(of  Woodstock  School). 


DESCRIPTION  OF  HOSPITAL  CUT  IN  THE  LAST  NUMBER  OF  THIS 

MAGAZINE. 

[The  following  helpful  description,  by  the  head  of  the  Canton  Hospital,  Dr.  Kerr,  was  expected  to  ac- 
company the  picture  but,  having  come  to  hand  after  the  March  magazine  was  printed  and  mailed,  it  is  offered 
here.  Our  readers  will  delight  to  turn  back  and  compare  this  explanation  with  the  cut  which  interested 
them  last  month. — Editor.] 


The  picture  referred  to  shows  about  one- 
fourth  of  one  of  the  wards  for  women  in  the 
Medical  Missionary  Society's  Hospital, 
Canton,  China.  This  is  one  of  the  large 
wards  upstairs,  and  the  window  opens  to 
the  South,  into  a  veranda  which  extends 
across  the  whole  building,  80  ft.  front. 

The  door  opens  into  a  hall  running  north 
and  south,  and  on  the  other  side  of  it  is 
another  ward  but  divided  into  four  rooms, 
for  patients  that  need  to  be  kept  quiet.  In 
this  building  there  are  four  of  these  large 
wards  and  eight  smaller  rooms. 

Dr.  Mary  Niles,  the  lady  physician, 
does  not  appear  in  the  picture,  but  with  a 
little  exercise  of  the  imagination  she  may 
be  seen  every  morning,  before  breakfast, 
meandering  among  these  beds  saying  to 
each  patient,  '■^  Shun  tin  li  cKiit  lai^^  (put 
out  your  tongue)  and  making  such  other 
investigations  as  the  several  cases  may  re- 
quire. The  girl  sitting  on  the  front  bed  is 
not  undergoing  a  surgical  operation,  but  an 
attendant  is  holding  a  razor  in  her  hand. 


ready  to  shave  the  forehead  to  make  the 
border  of  the  hair  straight. 

The  beds  are  simply  boards  supported  on 
stools,  and  covered  in  summer  with  a  straw 
or  rattan  mat  (as  seen  on  the  second  bed) 
and  in  cold  weather  with  a  quilt.  The  pil- 
lows are  either  wood,  bamboo,  leather, 
porcelain,  or  it  may  be  a  brick  with  a  piece 
of  newspaper  wrapped  around  it.  Soft 
pillows  are  not  in  use. 

This  ward  does  not  represent  as  many 
thousand  dollars  outlay  as  one  of  the  wards 
in  the  Presbyterian  Hospital  of  New  York 
or  Philadelphia,  but  our  patients  are  just  as 
sick,  our  medicines  as  effectual  and  our 
operations  as  successful,  as  if  we  spent  much 
more  money  on  the  hospital  and  its  furni- 
ture. When  a  given  amount  of  money  will 
reach  so  many  more  patients  and  hospitals 
and  qualified  physicians  are  so  few,  it  does 
seem  strange  to  the  medical  missionary  that 
so  little  is  given  for  relief  of  the  helpless 
and  suffering  in  heathen  lands. 

/.  G.  Kerr. 


[Ap 


INDIA. 

Dr.  Jessica  Carleton  of  Ambala  wrote  from 
Kharrar,  January  22,  1894  : 

A  scheme  is  on  foot  to  establish  a  Medical  School 
for  Native  Christian  girls.  The  schedule  has  been 
sent  you.  Miss  Greenfield  of  Lodiana  is  a  prime 
mover,  with  a  charming  Girton  girl  ( M.  D. )  as  head 
of  the  School  if  started.  She  has  a  talent  for  teach- 
ing, has  the  language  by  magic.  The  school  is  much 
needed  ;  for  Christian  girls  educated  in  government 
schools  have  a  low  conception  of  the  profession,  to 
say  nothing  of  the  demoralizing  effect  on  their  char- 
acters. They  have  more  freedom  to  associate  with 
the  men  students  than  in  any  other  medical  institution 
in  any  country — a  curious  anomaly.  Another  meet- 
ing in  March  will  be  held  to  hear  results  from  the 
different  societies.  I  wonder  how  the  Woman's 
Boards  in  America  would  look  on  such  a  scheme. 

Twelve  societies  were  asked  to  send  representatives 
to  the  meeting  which  Miss  Greenffeld  organized  in 
Lodiana.  It  was  a  great  treat  to  get  acquainted  with 
so  many  different  medical  workers.  Miss  Hewlett  of 
Amritsar,  Miss  Greenfield  of  Lodiana  and  Miss 
Thorn  of  Delhi  are  all  workers  of  18  and  20  years  in 
India.  I  wish  you  might  see  the  English  girls — 
S])lendid  young  women — one  from  wild  Peshawar, 
one  from  Hissar  district  below  Ambala — far  from  rail- 
roads. These  three  are  college  mates  and  it  was  a 
pleasure  to  see  how  they  enjoyed  meeting  one  another 
again.  Miss  Greenfield  is  talented  and  wide  awake 
to  improvements  in  every  direction. 

The  Royal  Opium  Commission  sat  in  Ambala  last 
week,  and  as  they  asked  me  to  come  as  witness  and  I 
felt  that  Miss  Greenfield's  experience  would  be  much 
more  extended  and  valuable,  I  sent  for  her.  It  was 
rich  to  see  her  answer  them — a  regular  cross-examina- 
tion— each  member  taking  a  turn.  I,  too,  answered 
a  few  questions. 

I  am  now  out  in  the  district,  in  rainy  weather  ;  my 
cousin  is  with  me.  Expect  to  be  out  six  weeks.  I 
am  wild  to  hear  if  we  are  to  get  a  Hospital. 


THE  GOOD  RECORD  OF  A  SMALL  SOCIETY. 

Mrs.  Hannum  wrote  from  Ratnagiri,  So.  India, 
at  the  close  of  last  year  : 


There  are  very  few  Christian  women  here,  but 
those  that  we  have  need  to  be  taught  to  sew,  to  cut 
out  and  put  together,  to  make  buttonholes  ;  and  to 
have  a  benevolent  spirit.  Our  Benevolent  Society  is 
not  the  chief  way  to  this  end,  but  we  have  found  it  a 
help.  Just  let  me  tell  you  what  we  have  already  done 
and  hope  to  do.  We  are  nine  in  number,  four  being 
native  women,  and  we  have  a  meeting  every  Friday 
afternoon.  Our  general  programme  has  been  to  sew 
and  chat  for  forty-five  minutes.  Then  we  sing,  read, 
recite  a  verse  previously  assigned  and  close  with 
prayer.  We  have  thus  committed  the  19th  and  23d 
Psalms,  a  verse  at  a  meeting. 

We  have  made  nine  patch  quilts,  and  sold  them  all, 
six  native  baby  caps  and  a  little  .shirt,  besides  hemming 
cup  towels  for  me  for  a  small  sum,  when  there  is 
nothing  else  to  do.  We  have  received  12  rupees  for 
these  articles  and  have  bought  two  handsome  linen 
table-cloths  for  the  communion  table,  and  given  the 
remainder  to  a  fund  that  was  raised  to  relieve  some 
sixty  families,  who  had  lately  lost  all  their  possessions 
in  a  fire.  Our  women  have  taken  a  great  interest  in 
this  work,  and  are  looking  about  to  see  where  the 
greatest  need  is,  in  order  to  bestow  their  next  earnings. 
One  woman  still  does  poorly,  can  baste  fairly  well, 
but  her  work  is  much  soiled  and  rather  "  puckery. " 

We  believe  that  this  is  a  better  way  by  which  to 
add  necessary  articles  of  furniture  to  our  church  and 
do  a  kindness  here  and  there,  than  for  us  missionaries 
to  give  a  few  dollars  now  and  then,  which  our  India 
people  think  is  such  an  easy  matter  to  us.  The 
people  are  poor  and  quilts  rarely  bring  the  amount  of 
money  I  have  put  into  the  material,  so  you  see  nothing 
comes  back  into  the  treasury  with  which  to  buy 
thread,  needles,  linings,  pieces,  etc. 

wanted — sewing  materials,  pictures,  dolls. 

Is  there  some  one  who  would  like  to  send  out  such 
materials  for  us  ?  Thread  should  be  mostly  white. 
Could  you  get  us  two  or  three-yard  pieces  of  warm 
cloth — cheap,  colored  flannel — to  make  jackets  for  the 
women  to  wear  during  the  rains  ?  I  believe  we  could 
sell  these  and  it  would  be  so  lovely  if  the  women 
could  learn  to  cut  out  for  themselves.  I  have  adopted 
three  small  orphaned  boys  and  would  be  glad  to  get 
pieces  of  colored  calico  or  gingham  for  coats  or  shirts. 


I894-] 


LETTERS. 


lOI 


If  some  little  Band  wants  to  help  us  but  does  not 
know  just  what  to  do,  we  would  be  glad  of  bright, 
clean  pictures  (advertisements)  to  make  scrap  books 
for  school  boys  for  prizes,  and  of  several  dolls,  to  use  in 
visiting  where  there  are  little  children. 

I  hope  I  have  not  asked  too  much. 

Miss  Thiede  of  Wagah,  near  Lahore,  has  written 
of  the  children  she  has  with  her  : 

Hannah  and  Agnes,  from  the  Amritsar  school,  were 
here  for  the  holidays.  Agnes  was  very  ill  and 
Hannah  was  always  well  and  helping  me.  She  is  a 
girl  who  was  left  locked  up  in  a  room  to  die  and  he*" 
parents  went  to  another  place.  A  lady  heard  her  cr>' 
and  had  the  door  broken  open.  She  gave  me  the 
child  and  I  sent  her  to  the  Amritsar  school,  eight 
years  ago.  She  is  now  about  thirteen  years  old  and 
the  teacher  wishes  to  train  her  to  be  a  teacher.  Little 
Agnes  is  a  very  pretty  and  modest  girl  of  four  years, 
but  dumb.  She  hears  and  understands  very  well. 
Albert  is  her  brother,  a  bright  little  boy  of  five  years. 
They  have  no  mother  and  their  father  is  a  hard  work- 
ing man  in  Mooltan,  who  is  absent  from  home  all  day. 
Little  Ajeeb  from  Allahabad  was  almost  forced  on  me. 
His  mother  died  and  his  father  is  almost  blind.  He 
had  fever  last  fall.  He  used  to  look  very  thin  and 
cried  always  for  me.    He  speaks  distinctly. 

ANOTHER  OUTSTATION,  LAHORE  DISTRICT. 

In  Manihala  we  have  now  150  Christians  and 
there  are  so  many  dear  children.  We  began  a  little 
sewing  class  and  the  girls  told  me  when  their  big 
people  go  to  church  "  we  have  sometimes  to  stay  at 
home  and  take  care  of  the  little  ones.  Then  we  come 
together  in  a  comer  and  make  a  little  prayer-meeting  of 
our  own."  I  try  to  be  one  day  of  the  week  in  Manihala. 
I  hope  the  Lord  will  allow  us  to  have,  at  least,  a  rest 
house  there. 

JAPAN. 

women's  rights — TO  BE  GOOD. 

Miss  YouNGMAN  wrote  from  Tokyo,  Feb.  i,  1894  : 

Yesterday  a  letter  came  from  San  Francisco  saying 
that  three  young  girls  would  arrive  in  Yokohama  by 
the  next  steamer,  who  had  been  brought  to  California 
by  a  Japanese  man  for  evil  purposes,  but  Christian 
friends  had  succeeded  in  rescuing  them  before  they 
had  been  sold,  and  the  man  was  in  prison.  The 
writer  asked  us  to  go  to  Yokohama  and  meet  these 
girls  and  save  them  from  falling  into  bad  hands  again. 
The  letter  said  nothing  about  funds  with  which  to 
support  the  girls  for  a  time. 

This  word  was  brought  me  at  half-past  three,  yes- 
terday ;  at  four  I  went  into  prayer  meeting  and  there 
was  a  letter  from  an  evangelist,  saying  that  he  had 
rescued  a  girl  from  being  sold  to  a  life  of  shame  and 
wanted  us  to  take  her.  The  Japanese  women  are 
trying  to  collect  funds,  but  they  are  so  poor  little  will 
probably  be  done. 

Another  of  our  evangelists  got  a  girl  of  sixteen  out 


of  a  house  of  ill  fame,  last  month,  by  paying  forty-five 
yen,  which  was  given  by  a  Baptist  missionary.  She 
was  the  daughter  of  a  Baptist  church  member  and  had 
been  put  there  by  her  mother  when  she  was  thirteen, 
and  twenty-one  yen  were  borrowed  on  her.  She  is  a 
polite,  modest  girl,  and  no  one  would  ever  dream  had 
come  out  of  such  a  place. 

As  I  shall  be  more  or  less  connected  with  this 
rescue  work  as  well  as  the  Leper  Home,  I  hope  these 
two  things  may  be  regarded  in  a  measure,  as  the  work 
of  pur  Woman's  Board  and  may  have  a  share  in  your 
prayers,  at  least.  I  have  had  one  hundred  dollars, 
annually,  for  several  years,  to  use  towards  saving 

women,  sent  by  dear  Miss  who  belongs  to  the 

Episcopal  Church.  In  the  last  two  years,  I  have 
saved  nine  girls.  There  is  no  work  calling  (to  me) 
so  loudly  for  help,  as  this  of  rescuing  young  girls  from 
such  a  life.  In  nine  cases  out  of  ten,  they  do  not  go 
astray,  but  are  sold  by  their  parents.  When  I  re- 
covered one  girl  from  a  house  in  Yokohama,  the  re- 
maining eleven,  she  tells  me,  all  cried  when  she  bade 
them  good-by.  They  without  exception  wanted  to  be 
freed.  I  am  doing  my  utmost,  but  am  often  heartsick 
because  I  have  the  means  to  do  so  little. 

REVIVAL  NEWS. 
We  are  rejoicing  over  the  awakening  in  Nagoya 
and  are  looking  and  praying  for  the  outpouring  of  the 
Spirit  in  Tokyo  and  on  all  our  fields  of  labor.  A  call 
came  from  Nagoya  for  missionaries  of  Tokyo  to  unite 
with  them  in  prayer  at  the  noon  hour.  We  hear  of 
awakenings  here  and  there.  It  has  been  my  joy  to 
receive  letters  from  two  who  have  gone  astray,  ac- 
knowledging their  sin  and  promising  better  things. 

FRUIT  of  a  JAPANESE  WOMEN'S  SOCIETY. 

Sen  Matsumoto,  now  Mrs.  Shinowara,  the  girl 
educated  by  the  Kozensha*  ( Lovers  of  good  Society ) , 
was  just  in  to  see  me.  She  married  an  evangelist  and 
has  been  living  in  Kochi,  she  and  her  husband  both 
laboring  faithfully  in  connection  with  the  Southern 
Presbyterians.  She  has  four  little  children  and 
proves  a  good  mother.  She  also  taught  in  the  girls' 
school,  Sabbath-school,  held  women's  meetings  and 
those  for  children.  She  is  a  credit  to  the  society  that 
educated  her. 

GOOD-BY. 

Miss  Gardner  sent  a  farewell  message  East  as  she 
was  On-the-Train,  Feb.  22,  bound  for  San  Fran- 
cisco : 

We  are  really  on  our  way  to  Japan  !  We  have 
been  detained  a  few  hours  by  the  snow  banks  beyond 
us,  but  an  Eastern -bound  train  has  just  passed  and 
now  we  are  off  for  the  snow  sheds  and  the  beautiful 
views  of  the  Sierra  Nevadas.  This  detention  has 
been  a  happy  event  for  us,  for  now  we  have  the 
privilege  of  enjoying  all  the  finest  scenery  of  our 
trans-continental  trip. 

*  For  account  of  this  society  of  Graham  Seminary  pupils,  see 
Our  Mission  Field,  Nov.,  1878. 


I  02 


LETTERS. 


[April, 


Here  we  are,  right  in  the  snow-drifts,  which  are 
piled  on  both  sides  of  the  car  above  the  windows  ; 
and  here  are  the  two  engines  lying  by  the  roadside 
where  the  terrible  accident  occurred  a  day  or  two  ago. 

A  pause  here,  for  we  have  been  riding  through  the 
snow  sheds  for  nearly  three  hours,  and  during  the  few 
minutes  since,  while  we  were  at  lunch,  we  have 
dropped  down  the  mountain  side  into  great  pine 
groves  and  green  grass  and  the  spring  time  ! 

We  spent  last  Sabbath  at  Denver  and  gave  one  day 
to  Colorado  Springs.  ...  In  three  or  four  days 
more  we  are  to  say  good-by  to  dear  America  and 
all  who  make  America  to  us  

And  yet  because  I  believe  God  leads  me  thither,  it 
is  a  great  joy  to  return  to  my  own  Japan.  I  wish  I 
might  .speak  my  "Good-by  "  to  all  the  kind  friends. 
The  "  Sayonara''  of  Japan  is  pretty  and  yet  it  is  sad, 
for  at  best  it  leaves  one  only  in  an  attitude  of  sub- 
mission to  the  inevitable,  for  it  means,  "If  it  must 
be."  Our  own  "  Good-by  "  breathes  a  prayer  for  the 
supreme  blessing  of  God's  presence,  blessing  which 
alone  can  sanctify  separation  and  assure  the  hearts 
that  know  its  meaning  of  a  glad  reunion  by  and  by. 
The  moment  I  speak  the  word,  there  is  flashed  to  my 
thought  a  long,  long  list  of  names  .  .  .  and  yet 
every  variation  of  request  suggested  by  each  name  is 
included  in  "good-by."  As  the  early  Christians 
gave  to  their  farewell  a  ring  of  peaceful  joy  in  remem- 
brance of  the  promised  coming  of  their  Lord,  so  I 
write,  "good-by  until  the  morning." 

SIAM. 

Mrs.  Wachter,  having  returned  after  a  prolonged 
stay  in  America,  wrote  from  Ratburee,  Jan.  4  : 

At  last  we  have  reached  our  new  home  at  Ratburee 
after  nearly  three  months  journeying.  The  winds  and 
waves  somewhat  delayed  our  voyage  across  the  Pacific 
and  on  reaching  Hong  Kong  we  were  surprised  to 
find  we  would  have  to  wait  there  eleven  days  for  a 
Bangkok  steamer.  One  left  a  week  earlier,  but  was 
ordered  to  Swatow,  Singapore,  probably  to  Penang, 
thence  to  Bangkok.  It  would  have  cost  us  $35  more 
than  going  direct,  and  as  we  did  not  feel  the  need  of 
an  extended  ocean  voyage,  we  decided  to  wait.  On 
reaching  Bangkok,  we  learned  that  Presbytery  had 
been  in  session  several  days,  but  would  not  adjourn 
for  two  days  more,  so  we  went  straight  to  the  place 
of  meeting.  As  soon  as  devotional  hour  was  over  a 
few  minutes  were  given  to  hand-shaking.  What  joy 
we  had  in  meeting  our  old  associates  and  getting  ac- 
quainted with  the  new  workers  !  We  spent  over  two 
weeks  in  Bangkok.  It  was  one  continuous  round  of 
visiting  with  natives  and  white  folks,  attending  meet- 
ings, looking  in  on  this  place  of  worship  and  that  ; 
having  Christmas  trees  and  festivities.  It  seems  as 
though  all  the  good  things  have  been  heaped  on  us 
since  our  coming.    The  ' '  far  more  abundantly  ' '  has 


been  ours,  and  we  are  ready  to  settle  down  to  work 
with  very  grateful  hearts. 

THE  STATION. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Eckels  are  still  here,  but  in  a  few 
weeks  they  go  to  Petchaburee  to  take  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
McClure's  place,  who  will  be  obliged  to  return  to 
America  for  furlough.  This  will  leave  us  alone,  but 
I  hope  not  for  long,  as  there  is  work,  work,  work,  up 
the  river  and  down  the  river — villages  and  towns 
throughout  the  country  everywhere. 

This  home  is  beautiful  for  situation  on  a  bend  of 
the  river  looking  towards  the  rise.  The  scene  is  rest- 
ful ;  no  dilapidated  houses  or  salas  in  view,  nothing 
but  the  river  and  trees  on  its  banks,  but  we  do  not 
have  far  to  go  to  find  all  sorts  of  disorders.  Siamese 
market,  gambling  dens,  dirty  homes  and  people, 
chained  gangs  of  prisoners,  jail,  etc.,  all  showing  in 
one  glance  that  sin  reigns. 

I  find  myself  quite  rusty  in  the  language,  so  that  1 
must  sit  down  and  study  awhile  with  the  teacher. 

BRAZIL. 

THE  WAR. 

Miss  Dascomb  of  CuRiTYBA,  replied  in  December 
to  the  letter  of  a  friend  : 

AVhy  did  you  not  tell  me,  for  my  refreshment  these 
hot  days,  of  your  Alaska  trip  ?  Did  you  go  by  the 
wonderful  British  Railway,  what  did  you  see,  how 
did  you  fare  when  there  ?  How  can  you  refrain  from  tell- 
ing !  I  err  on  the  other  side  and  tell  everybody  of  what 
deeply  interests  me  now — this  war — although  letters  are 
often  intercepted  and  exception  is  taken  to  free  speech. 

For  many  weeks  past,  the  war  has  ostensibly  been 
within  our  State  line.  To  an  Anglo-Saxon,  the 
length  of  time  these  people  take  in  the  preliminaries — 
"  One  to  begin,  two  to  show,  three  to  make  ready  " 
before  they  venture  on  "  four  to  go  "  appears  wasteful. 
It  prevents  shedding  of  blood  ;  but  time,  money, 
anxiety,  paralysis  of  industries  and  trade,  count  heavily 
on  the  other  side.  So  far  this  city  has  not  been  the 
theatre  of  war.  With  the  rude  hand  of  conscription, 
the  State  Government  has  contrived  to  raise  something 
like  a  thousand  for  the  National  Guard,  but  three- 
fourths  of  them  are  in  sympathy  with  the  Federalists 
and  will  not  make  much  show  against  them. 

A  GUEST  AT  SCHOOL. 

One  day  before  school  closed,  we  were  surprised 
and  pleased  by  a  visit  from  a  Polish  priest,  gown  and 
all.  He  seemed  shrewd,  kind  and  intelligent,  and  I 
soon  guessed  him  to  be  one  of  whom  I  had  read  in 
the  papers,  much  given  to  improving  his  little  chapel 
with  his  own  hands  and  full  of  plans  for  the  benefit  -of 
his  people.  He  stayed  to  lunch  and  behaved  with 
fine  old-fashioned  courtesy.  Our  thoughts  constantly 
follow  the  children  who  have  heard  God's  Word, 
and  sung  His  praises  these  last  months.  May  they  be 
light-bearers  to  their  homes,  and,  consciously  or  un- 
consciously, show  to  many  the  Way  of  Life. 


I894-] 


PROGRAMME  FOR  MAY  MEETING.— THE  OPEN  DOORS  OF  SIAM  AND  LAOS. 

"  The  call  in  front,  not  encouragement  from  those  at  our  backs,  presses  us  to  appeal 
for  reinforcements." — Rev.  Hugh  Taylor,  Lakawn. 

[This  programme  is  intended  especially  for  Bands — young  ladies  and  the  older  boys — but  women's 
societies  may  find  some  suggestions  in  it.  ] 
I. — Silent  Prayer. 

II. — Scripture. — Responsive  Reading  from  Christinas  Missionary  Service,  Call  from 
Laos  Land." 

III.  — Hymn. — "Crown  Him  !  " 

IV.  — Prayer. 
V. — Business. 

VI. — Special  Prayer  for  Missionary  Work  in  Siam  and  Laos. 
VII. — Hymn. — "Throw  out  the  Life-Line. " 

VIII. — Missionary  Information  presented  in  form  of  a  Newspaper. 

Have  name,  motto,  brief  "leader,"  "  latest  news,"  "editorial  notes,"  "gleanings,"  "brevi- 
ties," or  the  like,  and  condensed  "  selected  articles."  If  there  are  ready  pens  in  the  circle,  for  selections 
substitute  short,  pithy,  original  articles,  giving  prominence  to  such  topics  as  "The  Loud  Call  from 
Laos,"  and  "  Siam  and  Laos,  an  Unchallenged  and  Undivided  Presbyterian  Field.' '  Certain  incidents, 
and  bits  of  description  in  missionaries'  articles,  and  letters,  lend  themselves  kindly  to  the  story  form. 

Collect  material  from  Foreign  Missions  After  a  Century  (2nd  Chapter),  by  Dr.  Dennis  ;  A  Call 
from  Laos  Land,  published  by  the  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  ;  Missionary  Exercises,  No.  3,  page  69; 
The  Church  at  Home  and  Abroad,  May,' 93  ;  Woman's  Work  for  Woman,  May,  June,  July,  Oct., 
'93,  and  Jan.,  Feb. ,'94;  Children's  Work  for  Children,  Jan.,  May,  '93. 

For  your  column  of  "  Latest  News"  of  course  you  will  wait  for  May,  '94,  of  above  Magazines. 

IX. — Announce  Hymn  "O  Where  are  the  Reapers,"  but  before  singing  read  Matthew 
9  :  37,  38- 

X. — A  Chain  of  Short  Prayers  and  Mizpah  Benediction. 

Note. — The  newspaper  form  gives  an  opportunity  for  editing  the  material,  and  thereby  making  it 
possible  to  put  a  large  amount  of  attractively  presented  information  into  thirty  or  thirty-five  minutes. 
Variety  may  be  given  to  the  exercises  by  passing  the  paper  around  among  the  best  readers. 

Philadelphia.  Emma  L.  Burnett. 

PRESBYTERIAN   MISSIONARY   HOUSE   AT  CHAUTAUQUA. 

[A  prefatory  statement  concerning  the  well  known  attractions  of  Chautauqua — its  location,  summer  .schools, 
lectures — is  omitted  for  want  of  room. — Editor.] 

The  very  air  of  Chautauqua  is  full  of 
culture,  enthusiasm  and  spiritual  uplift. 
The  Missionary  Institute  meets  annually  for 
four  days,  beginning  with  the  last  Saturday 
in  July. 

A  Missionary  House  having  been  provided 
by  the  thoughtfnlness  of  Presbyterians  who 
are  visitors  at  Chautauqua,  and  are  anxious 
that  their  missionaries  might  enjoy  the  ad- 
vantages of  this  delightful  summer  resort, 
the  following  statement  and  invitation  were 
ordered  to  be  published. 

All  Presbyterian  Home  or  Foreign  Miss- 
ionaries in  active  service,  temporarily  absent 
from  their  fields  of  labor,  or  permanently 
disabled,  will  be  welcomed  to  the  hospi- 
tality of  the  house.    Also,  after  their  ac- 


commodation, shall  there  be  room,  any 
Presbyterian  minister  and  wife,  or  widow 
of  any  Presbyterian  minister  under  the 
care  of  any  of  the  Boards  of  our  Church, 
shall  be  provided  for  as  guests.  This  house 
will  be  open  to  guests  during  July  and 
August  of  each  year.  A  special  committee 
appointed  by  the  auxiliary  society,  has 
charge  of  the  correspondence,  admission 
and  entertainment  of  guests. 

All  missionaries  desiring  to  avail  them- 
selves of  the  free  use  of  these  rooms,  will 
learn  particulars  by  corresponding  with  the 
chairman  of  the  committee,  Mrs.  D.  A. 
Cunningham,  103  Fourteenth  street,  Wheel- 
ing, West  Virginia.  Also  donations  for 
current  expenses  may  be  sent  to  the  Treas- 


I04 


STUMBLING  BLOCKS  IN  THE  AUXLLIARY. 


[April, 


urer  of  the  Auxiliary  Society,  Mrs.  Mary 
U.  Pratt,  Oxford,  Ohio. 

The  Missionary  House  contains  ten 
rooms,  and  it  is  hoped  that  they  will  be 
well  filled  with  an  equal  number  of  Foreign 


and  Home  Missionaries,  coming  at  different 
dates  during  July  and  August  of  1894. 

Mrs.  G.  W.  Barlow, 

For  the  Committee. 


CHANDRA   MUKHI   BOSK,  M.A. 

"CHONO"   OF  DEHRA  SCHOOL. 

A  girl  of  India,  in  a  college  gown  ! 

She  reached,  and  grasped  in  eager  hands, 

And  in  the  joy  of  overcoming  stands 
As  proud  as  if  the  cap  were  jeweled  crown. 
She  reached,  but  not  for  self  alone  brought  down 

The  precious  prize.     Her  just  success  commands 

Admiring  love  of  women  of  all  lands. 
But  most  to  India  is  her  renown. 
The  day  hath  dawned,  the  light  makes  glad  the  eyes, 

The  darkness  flees,  where  long  the  darkness  reigned. 
In  Ind,  where  on  mud  walls  the  fuel  dries 

And  bears  "the  imprint  of  a  woman's  hand," 
The  moon-faced  girl  of  Dehra  hath  obtained 

The  laurel  worn  by  scholars  of  her  land. 

Tudley  of  H  . 

Sometimes  there  is  a  mud  wall  around  the  hut,  and  this  wall  and  the  sides  of  the  hut  are  covered  with 
round  cakes  of  cow  manure,  drying  for  fuel,  each  the  size  of  a  buckwheat  cake,  and  each  bearing  the 
imprint  of  a  woman's  hand.  Frank  G.  Carpenter. 

STUMBLING  BLOCKS  IN  THE  AUXILIARY. 


We  hope  to  pile  the  stumbling  blocks  up 
high,  and  while  we  muse  the  fire  will  so  burn 
that  there  will  not  only  be  a  great  illumina- 
tion, but  the  rubbish  will  be  cleared  away. 
The  time  has  fully  come  when  the  Chris- 
tian world  has  little  excuse  for  sitting  in  the 
"ashes  of  wasted  opportunities,"  when  if 
Christians  realize  their  calling  they  can 
hear  their  Lord  say  :  "I  will  take  thee,  my 
servant,  and  make  thee  as  a  signet." 

Some  things  marked  "  Stumbling  Blocks  " 
may  seem  trifling,  but  they  serve  as  shav- 
ings with  which  to  start  our  pile  of  blocks. 

Non-attendance  at  the  meetings  is  to  offi- 
cers and  workers  a  stumbling  block,  and  we 
find  various  reasons  given  :  The  meetings 
are  too  long ;  they  are  called  an  hour  long, 
but  they  drag  ;  they  may  not  begin 
promptly  or  they  do  not  close  at  the  ap- 
pointed time.  The  leader  should  be  pain- 
fully prompt  in  beginning  a  meeting  and 
in  closing  ;  members  may  stay  for  half  an 
hour's  visit,  but  that  should  not  affect  the 
rule  of  closing.  Shall  that  be  a  .shaving, 
and  will  you  burn  it? 

Ln  the  conduct  of  meetings  there  are  often 
stumbling  blocks.  Programmes  should  have 
prayerful  and  careful  attention.  It  is  very 
tiresome  to  some,  to  have  nearly  the  whole 


hour  taken  up  in  reading  printed  matter. 
How  often  is  the  expression  heard  :  "  I  don't 
like  long  articles  read."  There  seem  to  be 
some  who  have  reached  the  mountain  top, 
to  whom  the  word  "  Missionary  meeting  " 
has  a  magic  sound  ;  such,  perhaps,  are  satis- 
fied with  any  and  every  programme,  but 
most  people  are  very  human  beings  and 
tire  of  sameness.  It  is  hard  to  make  a  rule, 
but  don't  bring  too  much  printed  matter 
into  the  meetings.  Perhaps  the  officers 
will  say  that  any  other  way  is  too  much 
work.  It  may  be  one  of  the  stumbling 
blocks  is  indolence,  and  that  block  better 
be  rolled  right  into  the  fire. 

Unused  talent  and  gifts  of  the  women 
of  the  churches  are  stumbling  blocks  to 
progress.  Educated  women,  graduates  of 
High  Schools  and  Colleges  are  to  be  found 
in  all  the  churches.  How  much  of  them- 
selves are  they  investing  in  the  missionary 
meeting  ?  How  much  of  their  knowledge, 
their  presence  ?  Graduates'  associations  and 
clubs  of  various  names  are  delightful.  Why 
not  bring  some  of  their  methods  into  the 
meetings?  In  Henry  Ward  Beecher's 
"Hitherto  Unpublished  Words"  we  read, 
"  Conform  to  the  world,  not  in  things 
wrong  but  in  things  right.      My  impres- 


1894] 


STUMBLING  BLOCKS  IN  THE  AUXILIARY. 


sion  is  that,  where  the  inward  spirit  is  right, 
things  that  adorn  life  and  make  it  more 
comely  and  add  refinement  to  it  are  justi- 
fiable." Why  not  have  the  very  best  and 
brightest  methods  in  missionary  meetings? 
If  you  want  a  story,  there  is  material  in 
almost  every  missionary's  letter.  From 
many  sources  there  are  abundant  facts  and 
there  must  be  some  one  with  a  gift  at  the 
short  story  writing,  so  popular  now.  There 
is  no  excuse  for  an  uninteresting  meeting. 
Let  us  roll  that  block  on  the  fire. 

Want  of  suitable  or  winning  music  for  "  aji- 
nuals"  atid  special  occasions  is  a  stumbling 
block.  When  Julia  Ward  Howe  wrote, 
"  Mine  eyes  have  seen  the  glory  of  the  com- 
ing of  the  Lord,"  it  did  not  take  long  to 
fit  the  words  to  music.  There  need  be  no 
dearth  of  sweet  words  and  taking  music  for 
mission  festivals,  if  the  need  were  presented 
to  the  various  Publication  Societies. 

Sometimes  a  cup  of  coffee  is  served,  and 
about  that  there  is  a  difference  of  opinion. 
Would  it  be  better  to  put  the  price  of  the 
coffee  into  the  missionary  fund,  or  is  there 
something  in  the  aroma  of  coffee  and 
tea,  served  by  loving  hands,  which  may  be 
freighted  with  blessings? 

But  the  end  is  not  yet  of  Stumbling  Blocks. 

The  leaders  must  have  tact  and  shrewdness 
in  interesting  people  enough  to  come  regu- 
larly. There  is  a  sort  of  unwritten  agree- 
ment in  society,  that  the  hostess  is  wisest 
and  most  agreeable  who  is  able  to  some- 
what hide  her  own  personality  and  bring 
out  the  very  best  in  her  guests.  That 
would  well  de.scribe  a  model  president.  Not 
doing  over-much  herself  in  the  meeting,  but 
able  to  bring  out  the  very  best  in  members. 

There  must  be  busitiess  methods  as  well 
as  social  methods.  The  Auxiliary  elects  a 
Treasurer,  but  members  do  not  send  all  their 
money  offerings  to  her,  or  through  her  to 
the  Board.  Then  when  they  want  a  com- 
plete statement  for  annual  report,  some  one 
must  go  to  half  a  dozen  persons  to  gather 
the  facts.  Let  the  money  part  belong  to  the 
Treasurer's  realm  entirely,  and  through  her 
alone  let  the  society  hear  of  surplus,  debts, 
reserve  funds,  sinking  funds  or  whatever 
there  is  to  hear  in  relation  to  the  treasury. 
The  offices  of  Corresponding  and  Re- 
cording Secretary  are  generally  filled  by  one 
person  in  the  local  circles.  She  should  be  a 
watchman  and  hold  the  bureau  of  exchange 
open  to  all  who  need  information.  She  must 
herself  keep  posted  and  not  let  her  igno- 
rance be  a  stumbling  block  to  any. 


In  Germany,  in  the  Elberfeld  system  of 
charity  organization,  Friendly  Visitors  are 
appointed  and  subscribe  for  the  year^  to 
certain  by-laws  and  regulations.  So  the 
officers  do,  at  least  tacitly,  in  all  mission- 
ary societies.  "  Each  one  is  to  feel  the 
ambition  to  advance  the  interests  of  each  part 
of  the  work  by  diligence  and  sympathy." 

There  is  still  another  thing  in  the  in- 
ternal management  of  the  society.  Do  not 
make  it  a  recruiting  office  for  other  societies 
of  the  Church,  however  worthy  or  impor- 
tant they  may  be  ;  neither  a  bureau  of  col- 
lection for  other  objects.  Do  not  ruin  the 
interests  of  the  one  object  in  hand  by  urg- 
ing others. 

The  subjects  of  missionary  effort  are 
Stumbling  Blocks  to  some.  Take,  for  in- 
stance, the  Chinese.  After  traveling  in 
California  and  so  assuming  to  judge  of  the 
Chinese  in  their  own  country,  one  Christian 
woman  says  :  "  They  are  such  children  in 
mind  I  do  not  see  how  it  is  possible  to  make 
them  understand  religious  things,"  and 
immediately  a  stumbling  block  is  set  up 
right  there.  As  uninteresting  as  the  Chi- 
nese may  seem,  they  must  be  interesting  to 
the  Saviour  of  men,  for  the  full  chorus 
whose  song  is  to  be  "Salvation  to  our 
God,"  is  made  up  of  "all  nations  and 
kindred  and  peojile  and  tongues,"  and  so 
the  Chinese  must  be  there. 

To  some,  it  looks  hopeless  to  work  among 
the  Jews.  We  read  in  a  very  old  book, 
"So  will  I  make  my  name  known  in  the 
midst  of  my  people  Israel.  And  the  heathen 
shall  know  that  I  am  the  Holy  One  in  Is- 
rael." CJeorge  Eliot  said  :  "The  Jews  are 
among  the  aristocracy  of  every  land.  What 
shall  we  say  to  a  national  tragedy  lasting 
for  fifteen  hundred  years,  in  which  the 
poets  and  actors  were  also  the  heroes  ? " 
Let  it  not  be  said  of  our  women  of  the 
Auxiliaries  that  they  stumbled  over  work- 
ing for  the  Jew,  "  and  that  they  knew  not 
the  thoughts  of  the  Lord  ;  neither  under- 
stood they  his  counsel." 

The  sacrifice  of  life  in  Africa  is  a  stum- 
bling block  to  others.  Is  it  serving  God  to 
go  to  that  fever  land  and  die  there  ? 

An  eminent  naturalist  tells  what  he  saw 
in  his  woodland  rambles.  He  came  to  a 
stream  of  water,  down  to  the  edge  of 
which  a  long  string  of  ants  were  steadily 
making  their  way.  Hooking  themselves 
together,  they  formed  a  chain  over  which 
all  landed  safely.  The  chain  was  dragged 
in  as  the  last  of  the  troop  landed,  having 


io6 


ANNOUNCEMENT.— SUGGESTION  CORNER.  [April, 


marched  over  the  floating  bridge  of  their 
comrades.  He  adds  that  some  of  the  leaders 
were  knocked  about  by  the  waves  and  not 
a  few  were  drowned,  but  these,  like  true 
patriots,  seemed  to  give  up  their  lives  with 
willing  ardor,  and  whenever  any  links  of 
of  the  chain  were  washed  away,  some  brave 
traveler  at  once  filled  up  the  gap  and  the 
passage  went  on  across  the  living  bridge. 

So,  it  may  be  necessary  to  have  living 
links  between  God's  Holy  Land  and  Earth's 
millions.  Shall  Christian  people  stumble 
when  one  falls? 

The  stumbling  block  with  some  is  little 
money  amid  a  variety  of  objects,  and  they 
decide  they  can  not  help  either.  It 
is  not  always  yours  but  you  that  is  wanted. 
It  may  be  you  are  restricted  by  pride,  be- 
cause you  cannot  do  as  much  as  others.  That 


block  .should  be  rolled  on  the  fire  without 
delay.  "  The  outer  world  is  to  us  what  we 
are  to  it.  It  is  cold,  it  is  warm,  it  is  agree- 
able, it  is  disagreeable,  it  is  interesting  or 
uninteresting  according  to  the  spirit  in  our- 
selves." Unless  we  are  willing  to  put  away 
stumbling  blocks  and  unitedly  compass  all 
nations  and  tribes  and  tongues  in  our 
prayers  and  gifts  and  interest,  our  profes- 
sions as  missionary  workers  are  vain,  and 
a  mockery  in  the  sight  of  God. 

No  light  thing  should  stand  in  the  way 
of  Christian  work,  "  Forasmuch  as  ye  know 
that  ye  were  not  redeemed  with  corruptible 
things,  as  silver  and  gold,  but  with  the 
precious  blood  of  Christ,  as  of  a  lamb  with- 
out blemish  and  without  spot." 

Buffalo,  N.  Y. 

Mary  E.  Smith. 


ANNOUNCEMENT. 


All  members  of  foreign  missionary  so- 
cieties, who  are  expecting  to  attend  meet- 
ings held  in  connection  with  the  General 
Assembly  in  Saratoga,  may  apply  for  infor- 
mation in  regard  to  board  to  Miss  Isabel 
Terrett,  Temple  Grove,  Saratoga,  N.  Y. 

Lady  missionaries  who  are  to  be  in  Sara- 
toga, during  the  meeting  of  General  Assem- 


bly, ar©  requested  to  send  their  names  as 
soon  as  possible  to  Miss  E.  A.  Darling, 
Auburn,  N.  Y. 

Further  particulars  as  regards  time  of 
meeting,  railroad  arrangements,  etc.,  will 
be  given  in  Woman's  Work  for  May  and 
in  the  religious  papers. 


SUGGESTION  CORNER. 


From  San  Antonio,  Texas  : 

It  is  a  little  early,  but  as  my  subscription 
to  Woman's  Work  for  Woman  g.oes  out  in 
April  and  I  was  renewing  for  a  paper,  I 
send  to  you,  also,  to-day.  I  have  now 
passed  my  eighty-third  birthday,  March 
2d  ;  am  quite  feeble  as  well  as  old.  Pecu- 
liar uncertainty  of  life  marks  these  late 
months — many  sudden  calls — and  my  ex- 
perience may  be  the  same.  I  would  like  to 
have  this  precious  magazine  continued  in 
my  family,  out  of  which  I  hope  the  love  of 
Gospel  Mis.sions  will  never  die.  My  copy 
is  read  by  many,  and  I  rejoice  in  the  news 
it  tells  me  of  the  progress  of  the  Gospel  in 
the  dark  places  of  the  earth.  May  the 
Lord  bless  His  servants  and  increase  His 
work. 


From  Batavia,  N.  Y.  : 

I  have  just  laid  down  Woman's  Work 
for  February.  Have  read  every  word  of  it. 
Have  enjoyed  "seeing  ourselves  as  others 
see  us"  in  "Chinese  and  Foreigner." 
Have  been  off  with  Dr.  Brown  to  visit  a 
patient.    Was  glad  of  Mrs.  Abbey's  escape 


from  her  "  fat  friend."  Hope  a  chapter  on 
"  Sociology "  will  be  continued.  Was 
thankful  the  Hays  children  got  home  from 
their  spring  outing  (?)  without  the  measles, 
and  feel  so  sorry  for  poor  Miss  Ch'ang,  &:c. 
But  I  didn't  start  to  write  all  this.  I  want 
a  little  help  from  the  "  Corner,'"  if  you 
please. 

Won't  you  ask  some  of  the  successful 
Band  Leaders  if  they  will  give  other  leaders 
the  benefit  of  their  experience  ?  We  some- 
times get  in  ruts — you've  heard  of  'em — 
real  deep  ruts — and  that  won't  do  for 
young  folks.  Some  of  our  friends  would  be 
willing  to  send  a  few  ideas  to  us,  through 
"Suggestion  Corner,"  if  they  knew  how 
gladly  they  would  be  welcomed. 

One  more  question.  Why  does  Mrs. 
Isabella  Bird  Bishop  take  these  long  jour- 
neys?   Was  it  pleasure,  business,  or  what? 


As  to  the  latter  question :  When  Miss 
Bird  went  to  Japan  she  was  known  to  the 
world  simply  as  a  traveler ;  she  tells  us  that 
she  was  prejudiced  against  missions.  She 
afterward  gained  reputation  as  a  writer  of 


1894  ]  SINCE  LAST  MONTH.  — TO  THE  AUXILIARIES. 


travels.  She  is  now  known,  everywhere,  as 
one  who  looks  thoroughly  into  missions 
whenever  she  travels,  and  desires  to  aid 
them  in  every  way.  One  object  in  her  last 
Asiatic  journey  was  to  select  a  station  in 
connection  with  the  Church  of  England 
missions,  in  which  to  erect  a  memorial  of 
her  husband.  Her  choice  fell  upon  Srin- 
agar,  in  Kashmir,  where  she  founded  the 
John  Bishop  Memorial  Hospital  and  Dis- 
pensary. When  the  walls  of  the  hospital 
were,  afterward,  weakened  by  floods,  Mrs. 
Bishop  again  took  up  her  pen  with  the  pur- 
pose of  earning  the  money  necessary  to  re- 
pair damages. 

For  the  former  question  let  us  hear  


the  meeting  the  cards  were  read.  Results. 
—The  President  received  some  valuable 
suggestions  and  the  girls  enjoyed  the  free- 
dom of  speaking  their  minds  without  tim- 
idity or  fear  of  critici.sm. 

Perhaps  this  suggestion  may  help  others 
who  have  shared  my  difficulty. 


From  M.  D.  P.,  Philadelphia: 
Do  you  know  how  impossible  it  is  at 
times  to  gel  the  members  of  a  society  to 
express  any  opinions  ?  I  have  that  diffi- 
culty in  my  band  of  young  ladies,  and  last 
June  I  found  the  following  plan  helpful  : 

After  a  short  missionary  meeting  we  re- 
solved ourselves  into  a  Progressive  Conver- 
sation Party.  Cards  had  been  prepared, 
with  four  or  five  topics  that  we  wished  to 
discuss.  Half  of  the  girls  were  given  cards 
and  pencils,  and  each  selecting  a  partner 
who  had  no  card,  the  two  entered  into  con- 
versation about  the  first  subject.  In  a  few 
minutes  a  bell  was  rung,  all  changed  part- 
ners and  the  second  topic  was  taken  up,  and 
so  on  until  all  the  subjects  had  been  dis- 
cussed, the  combined  wisdom  being  written 
down  under  each  question.    At  the  close  of 


From  Philadelphia  : 

A  dear  old  lady,  disabled  from  active 
work  by  a  broken  hip,  wrote  to  me  lately 
about  the  newly  organized  mission  band  of 
two  little  girls,  who  come  to  her  room  to 
sew,  draw  maps,  etc.  They  are  seven  miles 
from  any  Presbyterian  church.  She  says  : 
"  My  greatest  pleasure  is  studying  up  the 
monthly  missionary  subjects.  I  keep  all  the 
back  numbers  of  Woman's  Work  for  the 
purpose.  I  liked  Mrs.  Brodhead's  pro-" 
gramme  for  China  very  much." 


The  pleasant  way  in  which  a  subscriber 
in  Oil  City,  Pa.,  reminds  the  Treasurer  of 
an  oversight  :  "  It  is  no  wonder  that  in  the 
rush  of  orders  there  should  be  mistakes. 
Two  of  those  for  whom  I  ordered  Woman's 
Work  have  not  received." 


One  letter  from  a  young  missionary  to 
her  correspondent,  the  Secretary  (with 
whom  she  is  not  acquainted),  begins  thus  : 
"  This  letter  is  to  be  especially  for  yourself. 
You  wrote  me  such  a  beautiful  letter  that  I 
feel  as  if  the  reply  may  be  just  to  a  dear 
friend,  without  any  thought  of  Boards, 
Committee,  and  all  that."'  Suggestive. 


SINCE  LAST  MONTH. 

Departures. 

February  27. — From  San  Francisco,  Miss  Sarah  Gardner,  returning  to  Tokyo,  Japan. 

Miss  Martha  E.  Kelley,  to  join  the  West  Japan  Mission. 

Miss  Emma  Settlemeyer,  to  join  the  West  Japan  Mission. 
February  28. — From  New  York,  Miss  Mary  E.  Pratt,  returning  to  N.  India  after  an  extended  stay  in 
t     America.    To  be  stationed  at  Ambala. 

Rev.  Herman  Jacot  and  family  returning  to  Kangwe,  W.  Africa,  after  a  six  months  leave  of  absence. 


To  the  Auxiliaries. 

[For  address  of  each  headquarters  and  lists  of  officers  see  third  page  of  cover.] 

According  to  the  by-laws  :  One  delegate  may 
be  sent  from  each  Presbyterial  Society,  each 
Auxiliary  Society,  each  Young  People's  Branch 
or  Band.  Christian  Endeavor  Societies  work- 
ing with  us  are  also  invited  to  send  delegates. 


From  Philadelphia. 

Send  all  letters  to  1334  Chestnut  Street. 

Directors'  Meeting  first  Tuesday  of  the  month, 
at  II  A.M.,  and  prayer-meeting  third  Tuesday, 
at  II  A.M.,  in  the  Assembly  Room.  Visitors 
welcome. 

The  Twenty-fourth  Annual  Assembly  of  the 
Woman's  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church  (Philadelphia)  will  be  held 
in  the  Second  Presbyterian  Church,  Scranton, 
Pa.,  on  April  25,  26,  preceded  by  a  prayer- 
meeting,  Tuesday  evening,  April  24. 


Among  the  missionaries  expected  to  be  pres- 
ent are  Mrs.  John  Newton,  India  ;  Miss  Char- 
lotte Brown,  Syria  ;  Mrs.  W.  C.  Dodd,  Siam  ; 
Miss  Gertrude  Bigelow,  Japan,  and  Mrs.  Wel- 
lington White,  China.  Rev.  G.  W.  Knox  will 
address  the  Popular  Meeting  and  Christian  En- 


io8 


TO  THE  AUXILIARIES. 


[April, 


deavor  Missionary  Rally  to  be  held  on 
Wedneday  evening. 

The  usual  reduction  in  fare  by  the  certificate 
plan  has  been  secured.  All  persons  on  pur- 
chasing tickets  must  ask  for  a  duplicate.  This 
must  be  signed  at  the  meeting  and  will  entitle 
bearer  to  two-thirds  reduction  on  return  tickets. 
All  persons,  whether  delegates  or  not,  can 
avail  themselves  of  this  reduction. 

The  ladies  of  Scranton  extend  a  cordial  in- 
vitation to  all  delegates  who  will  accept  their 
hospitality.  Board  may  be  secured  by  those 
desiring  it  at  the  Wyoming  House,  at  the  rate 
of  ^2.50  and  ^3  per  day,  All  applications  for 
board  or  entertainment  must  be  made,  not 
later  than  April  10,  to  Mrs.  C.  W.  Kirkpat- 
rick,  337  Monroe  Ave.,  Scranton,  Pa. 

As  THERE  is  shown  such  a  spirit  of  co-oper- 
'  ation  and  hearty  acquiescence  on  the  part  of 
our  entertainers  and  all  who  are  asked  to  assist 
in  any  way,  we  confidently  urge  a  large  at- 
tendance at  Annual  Assembly.  A  full  delega- 
tion will  go  from  Philadelphia,  but  we  hope  for 
such  a  representation  from  our  fifty  presby- 
teries, and  especially  from  the  vicinity  of 
Scranton,  as  will  demonstrate  the  power  of  for- 
eign missionary  work  to  attract,  unite  and  fill 
with  enthusiastic  devotion  its  workers.  There 
is  nothing  quite  like  an  Annual  Assembly  to  do 
this. 

Look  up  rates  and  make  every  arrangement 
now,  rather  than  wonder  afterward  that  you 
could  willingly  have  missed  so  much.  In  any 
case  make  ready  for  a  blessing  on  those  who 
do  attend  by  asking  it  of  Him  who  loves  to 
answer  such  petitions. 

Treasurer  s  books  at  headquarters  close 
April  20.  Valuable  help  will  be  given  to  the 
probably  dejiciettt  treasury  if  every  Auxiliary 
and  Band  will  watch  that  no  balances  are  car- 
ried over  for  their  next  year  s  work. 

Please  note  the  change  of  hour  for  the  Di- 
rectors' and  Prayer-meetings,  each  of  which 
now  begins  at  eleven  o'clock. 

Contributions  for  the  Wei  Hien  School 
Fund  from  Christian  Endeavor  Societies  should 
be,  sent  to  the  Presbyterial  Treasurer,  and  not 
to  Mr.  Dulles,  at  53  Fifth  Avenue,  New  York. 
Please  always  state  the  object  of  the  contribu- 
tion, and  whether  it  is  from  a  Y.  P.  S.  C.  E. 
or  Junior  C.  E.  Society. 

Is  it  nothing  to  you  ?  is  a  tender  appeal  in 
verse,  in  behalf  of  the  Christless  millions  who 
are  daily  dying  in  heathen  lands.  Price  i 
cent  each,  10  cents  per  dozen. 

Flash  Lights  on  hidia  will  prove  an  attractive 
leaflet  for  meetings  during  the  month  of  April. 
Price,  3  cents  each  ;  25  cents  per  dozen. 

Ling  Te' s  Letter  will  be  welcomed  by  Bands 
and  Junior  Christian  Endeavorers,  as  it  gives 


a  true  picture  of  a  little  Chinese  girl's  life. 
Price,  3  cents  each,  30  cents  per  dozen. 

One  of  our  enterprising  Bands  has  just  com- 
pleted a  set  of  girls'  costumes  for  seven  of  our 
missionary  countries — Persia,  Syria,  India, 
China,  Japan,  Mexico  and  South  America,  two 
of  each.  The  costumes  may  be  rented  at 
fifty  cents  apiece.  A  suitable  reduction  will 
be  made  if  all  the  costumes  are  rented  at 
once.  Full  particulars  may  be  obtained  by 
correspondence  with  Miss  S.  A.  Sheaff,  520 
Woodland  Terrace,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

From  Chicago. 

Meetings  at  Room  48  McCormick  Block,  69 
and  71  Dearborn  Street,  every  Friday  at  10  .\.M. 
Visitors  welcome. 

Let  us  not  forget  that  our  financial  year 
closes  April  20.  More  than  $53,000  must 
come  in  during  March  and  April  to  bring  our 
gifts  up  to  those  of  last  year.  Can  it  be  done  ? 
Yes,  decidedly,  yes,  if  we  all  increase  our  gifts 
by  even  a  few  cents.  Last  Annual  Meeting  we 
numbered  1995  Auxiliary  Societies  and  Bands, 
and  they  certainly  average  more  than  six 
members  each.  How  many  "extra  cents" 
would  each  have  to  give  for  the  two  months,  to 
more  than  raise  the  February  deficit  of  $11,- 
371.19? 

We  hope  that  the  "Appeal  "  sent  out  by  our 
Finance  Committee  early  in  February  has  been 
read  in  each  Society,  and  has  been  taken  to 
heart  by  every  member. 

A  DONATION  came  into  the  Treasury  a  few 
days  since,  from  a  little  Sunday-school  that  is 
held  in  a  tent,  as  they  have  not  yet  been  able 
to  get  a  building. 

April  is  the  month  for  our  Annual  Meeting 
in  the  Central  Church,  Denver,  Colorado. 
We  hope  that  all  will  go  who  possibly  can, 
and,  whether  going  or  not,  pray  for  the  pres- 
ence there  of  the  Holy  Spirit.  Those  expect- 
ing to  go  will  send  their  names  immediately  to 
Mrs.  Rodney  Curtis,  Colfax  Avenue  corner 
Pennsylvania,  Denver,  Colorado.  , 

We  had  at  one  of  our  recent  meetings  in 
Room  48,  the  pleasure  of  hearing  from  both 
Rev.  and  Mrs.  W.  P.  Chalfant,  of  Ichowfu, 
China.  They  told  us  of  our  Mrs.  Johnson  and 
Dr.  Anna  Larsen.  Mr.  Chalfant  spoke  of  the 
desire  of  Dr.  Larsen  to  use  the  bi-chloride  of 
gold  cure,  which  she  had  learned  how  to  ad- 
minister while  in  Chicago,  for  the  opium  habit. 
Mr.  Chalfant  therefore  had  inquired  the  cost 
of  procuring  a  supply,  and  stated  it  to  the 
ladies.  He  was  greatly  gratified  to  have  the 
entire  amount  necessary  put  into  his  hands  for 
the  purchase  and  forwarding.  The  result  will 
be  looked  for  with  interest. 

Will  not  those  who  send  to  us  for  leaflets 
please  be  particular  to  give  not  only  their 


1894] 


TO  THE  AUXILIARIES. 


names  but  their  addresses  in  full.  Two  orders 
have  come  recently  with  no  name  in  either 
letter.  One  contained  a  New  York  draft.  We 
wrote  to  the  bank,  giving  number,  etc.,  and 
thus  obtained  the  name  of  the  purchaser. 
Had  it  not  been  from  a  large  city  that  would 
hardly  have  been  possible.  Another  letter 
enclosed  a  P.  O.  Money  Order.  For  this  we 
had  to  go  to  the  Superintendent  M.  O.  Depart- 
ment to  get  the  name  of  remitter.  One  letter 
is  now  awaiting  some  reply.  No  State  is 
named  in  it,  the  postmark  is  deficient,  we 
have  Auxiliaries  in  towns  of  the  same  name  in 
two  or  three  States.  In  August,  1892,  an 
order  came  from  Lilesville,  N.  C,  containing 
a  dollar  bill  ;  there  was  no  way  of  ascertaining 
the  name  of  the  sender.  The  package  was 
put  up  and  laid  aw^ay,  waiting  for  months  the 
expected  complaint.  These  words  of  warning 
may  perhaps  explain  why  orders  are  not  filled 
more  promptly. 

From  New  York. 

Prayer-meeting  at  53  Fifth  Ave.  the  first  Wed- 
nesday of  each  month  at  10.30  a.m.  Each  other 
Wednesday  there  is  a  half-hour  meeting  for 
prayer  and  the  reading  of  missionary  letters, 
commencing  at  the  same  hour. 

The  Twenty-fourth  Annual  Meeting  of  the 
Women's  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church,  New  York,  will  be  held 
in  the  First  Church,  Binghamton,  N.  Y.,  on 
Wednesday  and  Thursday,  April  11  and  12. 
Addresses  may  be  expected  from  Mrs.  Well- 
ington White,  Miss  Bigelow,  Miss  Babbitt, 
Mr.  George  Ford  and  others.  An  interesting 
meeting  for  young  people,  at  which  new  and 
suggestive  exercises  will  be  carried  out,  will 
form  a  marked  feature  of  Wednesday's  session. 

"At  the  Annual  Meeting  those  entitled  to 
vote  are  the  officers,  managers  and  honorary 
vice-presidents,  ex-officto,  of  the  Board,  and 
accredited  delegates.  These  shall  be  as  fol- 
lows :  Two  from  the  Executive  Committee  of 
each  Presbyterial  Society  and  one  for  every 
five  Auxiliaries.' — By-Laws,  Article  I,  Sec- 
tion 4. 

Presbyterial  Societies  will  please  arrange 
that  their  delegates  are  appointed  in  good  sea- 
son and  their  names  and  addresses  sent  by 
April  I  to  Miss  M.  G.  Janeway,  Chairman  of 
Committee  on  Credentials,  53  Fifth  Avenue, 
New  York. 

The  ladies  of  Binghamton  desire  to  pro- 
vide entertainment  for  all  delegates  and  ask 
that  all  who  will  avail  themselves  of  their  hos- 
pitality notify,  at  as  early  a  date  as  possible, 
Mrs.  C.  M.  Harris,  124  Prospect  Avenue, 
Binghamton. 

Directions  for  procuring  reduced  railroad 
rates  will  be  published  in  the  Evangelist  and 
the  Observer  for  two  weeks  previous  to  the 
meeting. 


Died,  February  9,  1894,  at  Clifton  Springs, 
N.  Y.,  Mrs.  Lillian  Mabel  (Linnelle)  Cross. 
Miss  Linnelle  went  out  to  Siam,  under  the 
auspices  of  the  New  York  Woman's  Board,  in 
1882,  and  was  at  first  engaged  in  school-work 
with  Miss  Cort,  in  Petchaburee,  but  was  mar- 
ried in  1883  to  Mr.  Samuel  Cross,  who  became 
a  missionary  of  the  Board  in  Bangkok. 
Heartily  devoted  to  her  work,  Mrs.  Cross 
struggled  against  the  inroads  of  the  climate  of 
Siam  long  beyond  the  consent  of  her  physi- 
cian, and  hoped  till  within  a  short  time  before 
her  death  that  she  might  yet  return.  They 
left  Siam  in  1885,  but  Mrs.  Cross  never  re- 
gained her  vigor.  Her  life  has  been  a  lovely 
witness  to  her  Lord  in  the  last  years  at  Clifton 
Springs;  full  of  suffering,  yet  always  quiet  and 
self-denying,  a  sweet  memory  for  those  who 
have  enjoyed  the  privilege  of  knowing  her  and 
her  husband.  W.  H.  B. 

In  the  special  report  of  work  given  last 
month,  the  sums  appropriated  for  buildings,  in 
many  cases  should  have  been  mentioned  as 
asked  for  by  the  specified  societies,  and  not 
' '  pledged  ' '  by  them. 

It  has  been  proved  beyond  a  doubt  that  the 
young  people  of  our  churches  in  New  York 
City  are  interested  in  Foreign  Missions. 

Early  in  the  winter,  one  very  stormy  day, 
about  one  hundred  and  fifty  gathered  in  the 
Mission  House  representing  sixteen  different 
churches.  Last  week  a  goodly  number  assem- 
bled in  the  First  Presbyterian  Church.  The 
exercises  consisted  of  an  address  by  Rev. 
George  Ford  of  Syria,  and  singing  of  some 
familiar  hymns  in  two  African  dialects  by  the 
Rev.  Herman  Jacot,  of  Africa.  A  colored  boy, 
dressed  in  savage  style,  appeared,  carrying  a 
large  parrot  on  a  stick,  and  bringing  a  message 
from  the  African  boys  and  girls  to  the  children 
of  Christian  America.  Fine  stereopticon  views 
were  then  thrown  upon  the  screen,  presenting 
scenes  from  Syria,  Africa  and  China. 

Fro77t  Northern  New  York. 

The  Twenty-second  Annual  Meeting  will  be 
held  in  the  Presbyterian  Church,  Glens  Falls, 
N.  Y.,  April  18  and  19.  The  sessions  will 
open  with  a  devotional  service  Wednesday 
afternoon,  followed  by  a  popular  meeting  in 
the  evening.  We  expect  to  have  with  us  Mr. 
Robert  Speer,  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  For- 
eign Missions,  Mrs.  Wellington  White  and 
others. 

Reduced  rates  have  been  obtained  on  the  D. 
&  H.  C.  Co.  R.  R.,  through  the  courtesy  of 
Mr.  Burdick.  Delegates  paying  full  fare  one 
way,  when  the  fare  exceeds  50  cents,  are  en- 
titled to  one-third  full  fare  returning.  Certifi- 
cates can  be  obtained  at  the  stations  of  the 
D.  &  H.  Delegates  are  advised  to  apply  for 
them  to  the  nearest  ticket  agent  several  days 
prior  to  the  meeting,  in  order  that  if  he  has 


no 


TO  THE  AUXILIARIES. 


[April, 


not  received  them  from  headquarters,  he  can 
secure  them  in  time. 

Names  of  all  delegates  must  be  sent  to  Miss 
S.  A.  Parsons,  74  Warren  street,  Glens  Falls, 
N.  Y.,  not  later  than  April  10.  Those  who  do 
not  desire  entertainment  can  write  to  Miss  Par- 
sons for  information  in  regard  to  Hotels  and 
Boarding-houses.  This  is  done  at  the  request 
of  the  Executive  Committee.  It  is  hoped  that 
all  Auxiliaries  will  be  well  represented.  Bands 
and  C.  E.  Societies  are  specially  urged  to  be. 

Further  particulars  will  be  found  in  the  no- 
tices sent  to  all  the  Auxiliaries.  Secretaries  are 
requested  to  see  that  the  notice  is  read  in  the 
pulpit  of  their  churches. 

The  school  for  Siamese  girls,  in  Bangkok, 
known  as  "Wang  Lang,"  will  henceforth  be 
called  the  Harriet  House  School,  for  its 
founder,  Mrs.  Samuel  R.  House,  who  labored 
thirty  years  among  that  people  and  educated 
many  girls  under  her  own  eye.  The  school 
received  financial  support  from  our  Society  at 
the  outset,  and  will  be  the  more- endeared  to  us 
under  a  name  associated  with  one  of  our  val- 
ued workers  who  has  passed  into  the  skies. 

A  MOST  interesting  letter  has  been  received 
from  our  newly  adopted  missionary,  Miss 
McClean,  Salmas,  Persia.  She  writes  en- 
couragingly of  her  work,  speaks  of  the  need 
of  a  new  building  for  the  school,  the  present 
one  having  grown  too  small.  The  same  build- 
ing is  used  for  their  Sabbath  services,  which 
have  also  outgrown  the  place.  Miss  McClean 
asks  for  advertising  cards  to  use  for  rewards 
for  the  school  children.  They  prefer  those 
having  pictures  of  boys  and  girls.  We  are 
sure  that  our  Bands  will  be  delighted  to  supply 
this  need.  Small  parcels  can  be  sent  directly 
through  the  mail  ;  larger  packages  should  be 
sent  through  Mr.  Dulles,  53  Fifth  Avenue, 
New  York. 

From  St.  Louis. 

Meetings  at  1107  Olive  Street,  first  and  third 
Tuesdays  of  every  month.  Visitors  are  welcome. 
Leaflets  and  missionary  literature  obtained  by 
sending  to  1107  Olive  Street. 

The  Seventeenth  Annual  Meeting  of  the 
Woman's  Board  of  Missions  of  the  Southwest 
will  convene  in  the  Presbyterian  Church  (Rev. 
William  Foulkes,  pastor),  Salina,  Kansas, 
Wednesday,  April  18,  at  9.30  a.m.  and  closing 
Thursday  night. 

An  invitation  has  been  sent  out  urging  that 
two  delegates  from  every  Auxiliary  attend. 
Synodical  and  Presbyterial  officers  are  all 
urged  to  be  present.  A  strenuous  effort  to  se- 
cure reduced  railroad  rates  is  being  made,  but 
we  must  have  one  hundred  delegates  present 
to  secure  the  benefit  of  such  rates.  Address 
for  particulars,  Mr.  M.  M.  Briggs,  R.  R.  Com- 
mittee, Salina,  Kansas.  Let  us  go  to  our  An- 
nual Meeting  at  least  one  hundred  strong.  It 


promises  to  be  precious,  full  of  good  things. 
Do  come,  dear  co-workers,  and  pray  for  the 
Meeting,  for  the  presence  and  power  of  the 
Holy  Spirit. 

The  ladies  of  Salina  desire  to  provide  en- 
tertainment for  all  delegates  to  Annual  Meet- 
ing, and  request  that  names  be  sent  not  later 
than  April  i  o,  to  the  Chairman  of  Entertainment 
Committee,  Mrs.  E.  W.  Blair,  Lock  Box  246, 
Salina,  Kansas. 

The  Treasurer's  books  close  April  tenth. 
Remember  our  watchword,  "  Enlarge  thy 
coasts."  Remember  our  aim — $15,000  for 
1893-94.  Here,  at  1107  Olive  Street,  we  are 
praying  for  a  glorious  filling  of  the  Treasury. 
Help  us  pray,  dear  friends.  May  we  all 
give  together,  for  love's  sake,  with  joy,  faith- 
fully, self-denyingly. 

The  printed  blanks  have  some  changes  this 
year,  designed  to  make  them  more  practical 
and  helpful.  It  is  earnestly  desired  that  these 
blanks  be  filled  carefully  and  returned  imme- 
diately to  the  proper  Secretaries. 

We  rejoice  that  a  helper  from  the  East 
Japan  Mission  has  gone  to  Miss  McGuire's  aid 
in  the  Naniwa  Jo  Gakko. 

From  San  Francisco. 

Board  Meeting,  first  Monday  of  each  month, 
at  920  Sacramento  Street ;  business  meeting  at 
10.30  A.M.  ;  afternoon  meeting  and  exercises  by 
Chinese  girls  in  the  Home  at  2  p.m.  Visitors 
welcome. 

Twenty-first  Annual  Meeting  of  the 
Woman's  Occidental  Board  of  Foreign  Mis- 
sions will  be  held  in  the  Presbyterian  Mission 
House,  920  Sacramento  Street,  San  Francisco, 
on  Thursday  and  Friday,  April  5  and  6.  We 
look  for  a  large  attendance  from  our  Auxiliaries. 

The  Woman's  Congress  of  Missions  has 
been  postponed.  It  will  be  held  in  the  Maple 
Room,  Palace  Hotel,  on  April  26,  27  and  28. 
A  reception  will  be  held  at  the  same  place  on 
the  evening  of  the  26th.  The  large  young 
people' s"meeting  will  be  held  in  the  First  Con- 
gregational Church,  San  Francisco,  on  Friday 
evening,  April  27.  The  Christian  Endeavor 
Societies,  Epworth  Leagues,  Boys'  Brigade, 
King's  Daughters,  Brotherhood  of  St.  Andrew 
and  Young  Men's  and  Young  Women's  Col- 
lege Associations  are  to  be  represented,  besides 
Mission  Bands  and  Circles  in  our  churches, 
The  music  will  be  in  charge  of  the  vested 
choirs  of  the  city. 

Miss  Mary  L.  Cort,  formerly  of  Siam,  has 
been  with  us  for  some  time  addressing  churches 
and  societies,  and  proving  a  blessing  wherever 
she  speaks.  She  will  be  at  our  Annual  Meet- 
ing, and  also  deliver  an  address  during  the 
Woman's  Congress  of  Missions. 


1894] 


NE\^  AUXILIARIES.— 


TREASURERS'  REPORTS. 


iir 


The  formal  opening  of  the  Mission  House 
took  place  on  Monday,  February  19.  Many 
visitors  were  present,  among  them  the  Chinese 
Consul-General  and  suite.  The  beautiful  li- 
brary which  the  Consul  has  furnished  is  now 
complete  and  the  room  was  crowded  when  he 
and  other  members  of  the  Legation  made  brief 
addresses,  speaking  in  most  complimentary 
terms  of  the  ladies  of  the  Board  and  the  work 
they  are  doing  for  his  countrywomen.  The 
Consul-General  spoke  in  Mandarin.  His  ad- 
dress was  interpreted  by  the  Secretary,  Mr. 
King.  Our  President,  Mrs.  P.  D.  Browne,  re- 
plied very  happily  to  these  addresses.  The 


Chinese  girls  afterward  served  tea  in  the  large 
rooms  down  stairs. 

Don't  fail  to  send  for  one  of  the  large  pho- 
tographs of  the  new  Home — price  fifty  cents. 

From  Portland,  Oregon. 

The  Sixth  Annual  Meeting  of  the  Woman's 
North  Pacific  Board  of  Missions  will  be  held  in 
the  First  Presbyterian  Church,  Portland,  Or., 
April  17  and  18,  1894. 

We  earnestly  hope  that  all  who  can  will  be 
present  at  this  meeting.  Pray  for  the  Father's 
richest  blessing  upon  all  who  may  attend. 

Mrs.  J.  V.  MiLLiGAN,  Secretary. 


NEW  AUXILIARIES  AND  BANDS. 


DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. 

Washington,  4th  Ch.,  S.C.E. 

ILLINOIS. 

Alton,  1st  Ch.,  King's  Children. 
Braidwood. 

KANSAS. 

White  City,  Golden  Rule  Bd. 

MINNESOTA. 

St.  Paul,  Hamllne,  Knox  Ch. 


MISSOURI. 

Carthage,  First  Ch.,  Y.L.S. 

Mt,  Vernon,  Willing  Workers. 

Union. 
OHIO. 

Alexandersville,  Mary  Coe  Bd. 

Apple  Creek,  S.C.E. 

Cleveland,  North  Ch.,  Jr  C.E. 

Franklin,  S.C  E. 

Frederickstown,  S.C.E. 
PENNSYLVANIA. 

Bedford,  Willing  Workers 

Bethany,  S.C  E. 


Claysville,  S  C.E. 
Glenfield. 

"       Forget-me-not  Bd. 
New  Bloomfield,  S.C.E. 
North  Washington,  S.C.E. 
Phila.,  Hollond  Mem'l  Ch.,  S.C.E. 

"      Princeton  Ch.,  S.C.E. 

"      West  Arch,  S.C.E. 
Pittsburg,  Highland  Ch.,  S.C.E. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

Wheeling,  1st  Ch.,  Sunshine  Circle. 

WISCONSIN. 

Neillsville. 


Receipts  of  the  Woman's  Foreign  Missionary  Society  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  from 

February  i,  1894. 

[presbyteries  in  small  capitals. 1 


Baltimore. — Annapolis,  5  ;  Baltimore,  Boundary  Ave.,  70, 
Boys  and  Girls'  Links,  5.84  ;  Broadway,  35;  Covenant,  S.C. 
E.,  Jr.,  5  :  1st  Ch.,  S.  S.,  100  ;  Fulton  Ave.,  Pearl  Seekers,  20, 

5.  C.E.,  Jr.,  8;  12th  Ch.,  Band,  45;  Lafayette  Sq.,  12.70, 
Earnest  Workers,  30  ;  Waveriy,  T.  O.,  10,  Willing  Workers,  3, 
S.S.,  10;  Bel  Air,  Joy  Bd.,  35;  Churchville,  5;  Deer  Creek 
Harmony,  50.65;  Ellicott  City,  60.50;  Frederick,  a  lady,  5; 
Govanstown,  5,  Busy  Bees,  25  ;  Tanytown,  53  ;  Mrs.  J.  B.  M. 
Bristor,  80,  $678.69 

Cincinnati. — Bethel,  Willing  Workers,  8.90;  Cincinnati,  1st 
(Th.  off.,  14.33),  39-43 :  3d  Ch.,  T.  O.,  18;  4th  Ch.,  T.  O.,  3  ; 
5th  Ch.,  T.  O.,  2;  6th  Ch.  (T.  O.,  5.23),  19.61,  Pearl  Gather- 
ers, 21;  7th  Ch.  (T.  O.,  135),  174.10;  Avondale  (T.  O.,  37), 
99.50;  Bethany,  T,  O.,  3.50;  Central,  T.  O.,  17;  Clifton, 
T.  O.,  1.61;  Mohawk  (T.  C,  5),  20;  Mt.  Auburn  (T.  O., 
35-47),  133.63:  North  T.  O.,  11.31 ;  Walnut  Hills  (T.  O., 
25.93)  56.28,  Humphrey  Bd.,  40,  Fullerton  Bd.,  10  ;  Westm'r, 
100;  Cleves  (T  O.,  4.31),  1152;  College  Hill,  T.  O.,  18.20, 
Bd.,2.50;  Delhi  (T.  O.,  7.28),  20.78,  S.C.E.,  10,  S.S.,  Birth- 
day Bd.,  25;  Glendale  (T.  O.,  18.62),  33.82;  Hartwell  (T.  O., 
6j,  16;  Lebanon,  T.  O.,  36.09;  Lockland,  T.  O.,  3.50;  Mad- 
isonville,  Y.L.B.,  4.50;  Montgomery  (T.  O.,  9.50J,  19.10; 
Morrow,  T.  O.,  5;  New  Richmond,  8;  Norwood,  1.  O. ,  10; 
Pleasant  Ridge,  T.  O.,  5,  First  Fruits,  2.50;  Somerset,  T.  O., 
25  cts.;  Westwood  (T.  O.,  3.60),  13.60:  Wyoming  (!'.  O., 
24.25),  60.80,  Y.L.B.,  T.  O.,  4.13  ;  Mis'c,  1.30,  1184.46 

Columbus. — Columbus,  2d,  9.45,  Moore  Bd.,4.35;  Colum- 
bus, Westm'r,  21.31 ;  London,  4,  39.11 

Erie. — Bradford,  40;  Edinboro',  18;  Franklin,  S.C.E.,  5: 
Girard,  11.90;  Mercer,  ist,  36;  Mercer,  2d,  18;  Meadville,  1st, 

6,  Y.L.S. ,  10;  Meadville,  Central,  S.C.E.,  5;  Oil  City,  ist, 
IS,  S.C.E.,  20;  Salem,  15  ;  Titusville,  Do-what-you-can  Bd., 
5;  Warren,  249.57,  ^  452-47 

Huntinc:don.— Duncansville,  Boys'  Bd.,  15.00 
Kittanning. — Apollo,  34.97,   Hopeful  Bd.,  1.80,  Faithful 
Workers,  73  cts.;  Freeport,  38;  Gilgal,  7;   Glade  Run,  15; 
Indiana,  244.50,  Shinning  Stars,  16.50,  Legacy,  Miss  Nancy 
Pilson,  47.50,  L.  L.  Bearers,  1 ;  Marion,  18.95 ;  Mechanics- 
burg,  12.36,  Andende  Bd.,  5.01 ;  Mt.  Pleasant,  14.25  ;  Rock- 
bridge, 9.30;  Rural  Valley,  15;  Saltsburg,  20 ;  West  Lebanon, 
10,  511.87 
Lehigh. — Mahanoy  City,  S.C.E.,  Jr.,  12.00 
Lima. — Findlay,  1st,  23  ;  Findlay,  2d,  5.25,  28.25 
Newark. — Bloomfield,  ist,  127.50;  Caldwell,  17.90;  Mont- 
clair,  1st,  100,  Sunbeams,  12.49;  Newark,  1st,  25;  2d  Ch., 
S.S.,  75;  3d  Ch.,  250;   Bethany,  S.S.,  30,  Bessie  and  Elsie 
Pierson  15;  Fewsmith  Mem'l,  10;  High  St. ,  95.25  ;  Roseville, 
72;  S.  Park,  92.67;  Wyckliffe,  25;  Woodside,  15,  962.81 


New  Brunswick. — Trenton,  ist,  125.00 
Newton. — Belvidere,  1st,  Y.M.B.,  15;  Blairstown,  21.75, 

36.75 

Philadelphia. — Arch  St.,  S.C.E.,  Jr.,  9.76;  Bethany,  Inf. 
Sch.,  40;  Calvary,  a  lady.  500;  ist  Ch.,  56,  S.S.,  80;  Hol- 
lond, King's  Messengers,  10  ;  Old  Pine  St.,  370  ;  2d  Ch.,  Early 
Blossoms,  25;  South,  Earnest  Workers,  58 ;  Walnut  St.,  4; 
West  Spruce  St.,  45.50,  Perseverance  Bd.,  36;  Woodland, 
59-32,  1,293-58 

Pittsburg  and  Allegheny  Com. — Allegheny,  1st  (T.  O., 
59.93),  177.38;  Alleg.,  Central,  T.  C,  50  ;  Alleg.,  German,  T.  C, 
2,  Good  Will  Workers.  T.  C,  i  ;  Alleg.,  McClure  Ave., 
S.C.E.,  10,  S.S.,  42.90;  Alleg.,  North  (T.  O.,  120.75),  168.75: 
Avalon,  T.  O.,  18.35;  Beaver,  T.  O.,  52;  Belleview,  S.C.E., 
5  ;  Bethany,  Miss  E.  Morgan,  5  ;  Bethel  (T.  O.,  10.50),  118.03, 
S  S.,  68.14;  Bridgewater,  T.  O.,  5;  Chartiers,  T.  O.,  16.50; 
Coraopolis,  T.  O.,  136.47,  S.C.E.,  8.10;  Crafton,  17.57;  Con- 
cord, 5  ;  Edgewood,  T.  C,  27.51,  S.S.,  38.02,  S.C.E.,  5  ;  Ems- 
worth.  T.  O.,  5.85  ;  Evans  City,  T.  O.,  19.50  ;  Forest  Grove. 
18;  Glenshaw  (T.  O.,  24.50),  30.50;  Hazlewood.  T.  O.,  10; 
Homestead,  T.  O.,  30;  Lebanon,  T.  O  ,  15.04,  S  C.  E.,  20  ; 
Leetsdale,  T.  O.,  46,  Little  Pilgrims,  T.  0.,5;  McDonald, 
(T,  O.  21),  28.18  ;  Mansfield,  T,  C,  5  ;  Monongahela,  T.  O., 
12  ;  Oakdale  (T.  O.,  62.10),  86.20;  Oakmont,  T.  O.,  20;  Pitts- 
burg, 1st,  T.  O..  15;  Pittsburg,  3d,  T.  O.,  19.80;  4th,  27, 
S.C.E.,  20;  6th,  T.  O  ,  23.32,  Juvenile  Circle,  T.  O.,  10  ;  7tli, 
T.  O.,  18.35;  Bellefield  (T.  O.  30.50),  78.50;  E.  Liberty 
(T.  O.,  398),  520.50,  Y.  P.  Assn.,  100,  L.  L.  Bearers,  26.05, 
Earnest  Workers,  12,  Nellie  Cuthbert  Bd.,  5.05  ;  43d  St.  T.  O., 
12.70  :  Highland,  T.  O..  s5,  Cheeseman  Bd.,  T.  O.,  5.13,  Sons 
of  the  King,  T.  O.,  1  ;  Homewood  Ave.,  T.  O.,  11.45  Law- 
renceville  (T.  O.,  56.25),  84.26,  L.  L.  Bearers  T.  O.,  4.75; 
Park  Ave.  (T.  O.,  194.29),  212.79,  King's  Soldiers,  6.50; 
Point  Breeze  (T.  O.,  93.28),  143.28  :  Shady  Side,  T.  O.,2.5o; 
South  Side,  6 ;  Sewickley,  23.89;  Sharpsburg,  T.  O.,  30.80, 
Y.L.B..  1.25.  Wheelock  Circle,  85  cts.;  Tarentum,  T.  O.,  25.45; 
Cash,  T.O.,  27.72,  3,117-37 

Washington  City. — Falls  Ch.,  L.  L.  Bearers,  30  cts.; 
Washington,  4th,  S.C.E.,  5  ;  New  York  Ave.,  S.C.E.,  12, 

17.30 

Miscellaneous. — Phila.,  a  friend,  5;  Shanghai,  China, 
Children  of  Rev.  J.  N.  B.  Smith,  12,  17.00 


Total  for  February,  1894,  $8,491.66 
Total  since  May  1,  1893,  $57,516.92 
Mrs.  Julia  M.  Fishburn,  Treas., 
March  1,  1894.  1334  Chestnut  St.,  Philadelphia 


112 


TREASURERS'  REPORTS. 


[April. 


Receipts  of  the  Woman's  Presbyterian  Board  of  Missions  of  the  Northwest  to 

February  20,  1894. 


Bismarck.— Mandan.  $17.20 

Bloomington. — Farmer  City,  5.25  ;  Gilman,  C.E.,  4  :  Nor- 
mal. C.E.,  10  ;  Onarga,  29.15,  C.E.,  49.44;  Piper  City,  5  ; 
Rankin,  i.js,  Jr.C.E..  5  ;  Rossville.  10.  119.29 

Boulder. — Cheyenne,  3;  Ft.  Collins,  20  ;  Ft.  Morgan.  2.50; 
Greeley,  10  ;  Timnath,  3.75,  30.25 

Central  Dakota. — Brookings,  11.64  ;  Huron,  18.06  ;  Mad- 
ison, C.E.,  3  01,  32-71 

Chicago. — Austin.  Mary  Holmes  Soc,  5.60  ;  Chicago,  ist, 
33.25;  2d,  211. 31,  Mrs.  Wm.  Blair,  400,  C.E.,20;  3d.  300, 
Boys'  Bd.  7.50  ;  4th,  i8,Y.L.S.,  39.60,  Do  Tell  Soc,  7  ;  5th,  20, 
C.E.,io,  Jr.  C.E.,  3;  6th,C.E..  16.  Jr.C.E..  6;  8th,  C.E..2;  41st 
St.  Ch.,  46,  S.S.,  17.50;  Ch.  of  the  Covenant,  17.38;  Central 
Park  Ch.,  8.50;  Jefferson  Park  Ch.,  34.50;  Woodlawn  Park 
Ch.,  66.26;  Englewood,  ist,  S.S.,  50;  South  Evanston,  35; 
Hyde  Park,  =5,  Busy  Bees,  1.25;  Lake  Forest,  127.20.  Steady 
Streams.  25.32,  C.E.,  12.60;  Manteno,  4;  Maywood,  4.  Jr.C.E., 
10.50;  Oak  Park,  40;  Peotone,  38.14,  S.S.,  4.21  ;  River  For- 
est, 21;  Riverside,  45;  Waukegan,  10;  Wilmington,  Mrs. 
White,  5  ;  Income  from  Real  Estate.  153.53,  1,931.1; 

Council  Bluffs. — Griswold,  3;  Missouri  Valley,  C.E.,2; 
Woodbine,  C.E.,  9. 10,  14.10 

Corning. — Creston,  7.50 

Den\  er.— Brighton,  2.25 ;  Central  City,  5,  Mrs.  Alex. 
Scott,  5;  Denver,  Central  Ch.,  Y.L.S.,  30;  Hyde  Park  Ch., 
1.15,  S.S.,4;  Idaho,  7.50;  S.  Denver,  1st,  5,  S.S.,  93015., 

60.83 

Detroit. — Ann  Arbor,  31.10;  Birmingham,  10  ;  Detroit,  ist, 
90.50,  Richardson  Bd.,  80  ;  2nd  Ave  Ch.,  15  ;  Central  Ch.,  S.S., 
50;  Hastings  Soc,  12  ;  Jefferson  Ave.  Ch.,  50;  Memorial  Ch., 
18;  Trumbull  Ave.  Ch.,  23.50  ;  Westm'r  Ch.,  25,  Y.L.S.,  10  ; 
Howell,  30;    Pontiac,  45.35,  Y.L.S.,  7.50;   White  Lake,  1 ; 
Ypsilanti,  126  25,  625.20 
Fargo.— Hunter,  7.87;  Tower  City,  3.  10.87 
Flint. — Fenton,2;  Marlette,  iSt.  10;  Vassar,  12,  24.00 
Freeport. — Freeport,  ist,  25;  2d,  C.E.,  12;  Hebron,  3; 
Oregon,  10.19;    RocW^ord.  ist.    50.08;  Westm'r  Ch.,  38.50; 
Willow  Creek  Ch.,  100;  Winnebago,  25,  263.77 


Gunnison. — Aspen,  Miss  Bessie  L.  Hunt,  .72 

Hastings. — Holdrege,  C.E.,  10,  S.S.,  2  09,  12.09 

Indianapolis. — Indianapolis,  Mr.  W,  S.  Hubbard,  500.00 

Kalamazoo — Burr  Oak,  2;  Edwardsburgh,  5.38  ;  Kalama- 
zoo, 66.79  ;  Niles,  Pearl  Seekers,  15  ;  Richland,  30,39  ;  Sturgis, 
10;  Three  Rivers,  5.15,  i34-7i 

Madison. — Cambria,  10  ;  Madison,  93.85  ;  Portage,  3  ;  Prai- 
rie duSac,  7.80,  114-65 

Mankato. — Blue  Earth,  1.80,  S.S.,  10.76;  Le  Sueur,  2.56  ; 
Mankato,  15.78,  Mrs.  J.  A.  Willard,  27.50;  Pilot  Grove,  2.40, 
S.S.,  1;  Pipestone,  3.52  ;  Winnebago,  2;  Worthington,  9.92; 
Tracy,  8.36,  85.60 

Mattoon. — Assumption,  5;  Charlestown,  5.18;  Mattoon, 
18;  Paris,  75;  Shelbyville,  39.50 ;  Tuscola,  5.45,  148.13 

Minneapolis. — Minneapolis,  Bethlehem  Ch.,  70.72,  Van 
Cleve  Bd.,  10;  Westm'r  Ch.,  96.50.  Y.L  S.,  30;  Shiloh,  8; 
Stewart  Mem.  Ch.,  C.E.,  9.62  ;  Oliver  Ch.,  2.60,  227.44 

Ottavv.\. — Mendota,  9.05;  Paw  Paw,  2.25;  Sandwich,  36; 
Waltham,  15,  62.30 

Peoria. — Washington,  C.E.,  1.28 

Pueblo. — Bessemer,  Westm'r  Ch.,  2.25  ;  Canon  City,  5.85  ; 
La  Junta,  3.37  ;  Pueblo,  Fountain  Ch.,  1. 13  ;  Mesa  Ch.,  Slesa 
Workers,  20.  Busy  Bee  Bd.,  1.95,  34.55 

Red  River. — Crookston,  14.75;  Euclid,  a  lady,  4.50;  Fer- 
gus Falls,  C.E.,  8.  Hallock,  13.65;  Maine,  5;  Moorhead, 
10.50  ;  Warren,  6.97.  63.37 

St.  Paul. — North  St.  Paul,  4.45 ;  St.  Paul,  Central  Ch.,  20, 
S.S.,=;o;  Dayton  Av.  Ch.,  46.80,  S.S. M.S.,  37.06  ;  East  Ch., 
1;;  Goodrich  Av.  Ch.,  9  Y.  P.S.,  3.  185.31 

Winnebago. — Marinette,  28.50;  Neenah,  C.  E.,  20;  Shawano, 
5:  West  Merrill,  Girls'  Bd.,  10;  Weyauwega,  10,  73-50 

Miscellaneous. — Converse,  Ind.,  Mrs.  M.  C.  Kelsey,  3  15 


Total  for  month,  $4,792.67 
Total  since  April  20,  1893,  $37,988.04 
Mrs.  C.  B.  Farwell,  Treas.. 
Room  48  McCormick  Block. 

Chicago,  Feb.  20.  1894. 


Receipts  of  the  Women's  Board  of  Foreign  Missions  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  for 

February,  1894. 


BiNGHAMTON.  —  Binghamton,  ist,  120.82,  S.S.,  50;  West, 
25,  C.E.,  16.39;  Cortland,  Sunbeam  Bd.,  8;  Waverly,  11.79, 
Cheerful  Workers,  5.57,  ?237-57 

Boston,  Mass  — Boston,  Columbus  Ave.,  20,  P.  off.,  24  93  ; 
Newburyport,  1st,  14.95,  S.S.,  Christmas  off.,  6;  Roxburj-,  1st, 
30.05;  South  Ryegate,  Vt.,  12.50;  Woonsocket,  R.  I.,  1.88, 

no. 31 

Buffalo. — Buffalo,  Bethany,  Mary  and  Martha  Bd.,  50; 
Ch.  of  the  Covenant,  10;  Lafayette  St.,  24  75;  West  Ave., 
35  ;  Westm'r,  Jr.,  Willing  Workers,  2,  S.S.,  7.50;  Jamestown, 
S.S.,  15  ;  Orchard  Park,  5  ;  Silver  Creek,  40,  189.25 

Cayuga.— Auburn,  ist,  6;  2d,  12;  Westm'r,  1.78  ;  Aurora, 
Wells  College,  50;  Dryden,  Evening  Star  Bd.  and  Jr.C.E., 
12;  Ithaca,  3.50,  King's  Miss.  Bd.,  14;  Sennett,  6.50;  Union 
Springs,  15,  120.78 

Ebenezer,  Kv.— Ashland,  15;  Covington,  "King's  Stars," 
16,  "  Little  Bankers,"  9;  Paris,  P.  off.,  16,  56.00 

Geneva. — Canandaigua,  25  ;  Geneva,  ist,  and  North,  P. 
off  ,  65.40;  Naples,  Millard  Soc,  20;  Penn  Yan,  30:  Tru- 
mansburg,  16.86,  157.26 

Long  Island. — Cutchogue,  S.S.  Miss.  Soc,  25.00 

Lyons.— Palmyra,  11,  Little  Gleaners.  8.22,  S  S.,  25,     44  22 

New  York. — New  York,  Brick,  195.  Branch  S.S.,  245  ;  Cen- 
tral, 49  ;  Fifth  Ave,  1,500.25,  Y  L.Branch,  30;  First,  37.60; 
Harlem,  "Helping  Hands,"  15;  Park.  59.38,  "  Seekers  for 
Pearis,"  59.37.  Light  Bearers,  3,  Jr.  Light  Bearers,  3.25; 
Westm'r,  62  ;  West  End,  "  Nimble  Fingers,"  25,  2,283  85 

Niagara.— Albion,  14.25,  P.  off.,  14.25;  Barre,  P.  off.,  4  ; 
HoUey,  3  ;  Lockport,  Calvary',  P.  off  ,  2  ;  iSt.,  42  ;  2d.,  P.  off., 
8.42  ;  Medina,  11  ;  Niagara  Falls,  10.88  ;  Wright's  Comers,  4, 
P-off.,9,  122.80 

North  River. — Amenia,  South,  17  ;  Comwall-on-Hudson, 
23;  Freedom  Plains,  32  ;  Highland  Falls,  Jr.  C.E.,  1.50  ;  Lit- 
tle'Britain,  10;  Mariborough,  Jr.C.E.,  5;  Matteawan,  15; 
Newburgh,  Calvary,  Earnest  Workers,  25;  1st.,  120,  Bethel 


S.S.,  45  ;  Union,  103  ;  3  chs.  union  meet,  off.,  30  ;  Pine  Plains, 
10  ;  Poughkeepsie,  133.35  ;  Rondout,  35  ;  Salisbury  Mills 
Bethlehem  Ch.,  12,  616.85 

Rochester. — Dansville,  100;  Geneseo  Village,  61.62,  Sys- 
tematic Givers,  6  ;  Groveland.  10.15  ;  Rochester,  Brick,  C.E., 
29.21  ;  1st.,  50  ;  Webster.  Earnest  Workers,  7,  263.98 

Steuben. — Addison,  Y.L.S.,  25.  Faithful  Workers,  6  ;  Al- 
mond, 7.05;  Andover,  11.69;  Bath,  36.50;  Campbell.  12; 
Coming,  S.S,  4.66  ;  Cuba.  25  ;  Hammondsport,  King's 
Daughters.  10,  Tme  Blues,  5  ;  Homellsville,  96  45  ;  Painted 
Post,  5,  Opportunity  Cir.,  2,  246.35 

Utica. — Boonviile,  25.  S  S.,  10;  Clinton,  22.50,  Houghton 
Sem.,  15  ;  Ilion,  Y.L.S.,  6,  Willing  Workers.  10;  Little  Falls, 
y.L.Cir.,  15  ;  Lyons  Falls,  15.28  ;  Rome,  C.E.,  25  ;  Utica,  ist, 
90,  Do  Good  Bd.,  10,  S.S.,  25;  Westm'r,  Th.  off,,  add'l., 
28.95;  Waterville,  75  ;  Westemville,  10,  Th.  off.,  14,  S.S.,  5  ; 
Utica  Branch,  25,  426.73 

Westchester. — Bedford,  10,  C,E.,  14  04  ;  Bridgeport,  Ct  . 
IS,  P.  off,  40  66.  Hope  Bd. ,  25  ;  Dobbs  Ferry,  15.  Rosebud 
Club,  10  ;  Peekskill.  1st,,  15,  ist  and  2d..  17.49.  Clinton  Bd,. 
25  ;  South  Salem,  Ladies'  Benev.  Ass'n,  29.06  ;  Stamford,  Ct., 
200;  Yo^kto^vn,  12,  428.25 

Morris  and  Orange,  N.  J. — Morristown,  South  St.,  150 ; 
Pres'l  Soc,  6.23,  156.23 

Miscellaneous. — Montgomery',  O.,  L.  A  Mitchell,  2; 
Montreal,  Can.,  J.  F.  G.,  Th.  off.,  50;  Salmas,  Persia,  Miss  C. 
O.  Van  Duzee,  3.50,  55.50 


Total  for  Febmarj',  $5,540  93 

Total  since  April  i,  $41,664.38 
Mrs.  C.  P.  Hartt,  Treas., 

S3  Fifth  Are.,  New  York  City. 
Mrs.  J.  A.  Welch,  Asst.  Treas., 

34  West  Seventeenth  St.,  New  York  City. 


Receipts  of  the  Woman's  Occidental  Board 

Oakland  —Golden  Gate,  S.C.E.,  SS-oo 
San  Franxisco  — San  Francisco,  Howard,  Requa  Bd.,  15.00 
San  Jose. — Santa  Cmz,  ist.,  Margaret  Culbertson  Soc.  2.00 
Miscellaneous. — Union  Ch.,  San  Lorenzo,  Cal..  22.50; 
Agnes  Dickson,  Williamsport,  Pa.,  2.50;  W.  F.  M.  Soc.  Amer- 
ican   Pres.    Ch.,  Montreal,  Can.,  75;   Board  of  inmates  of 


of  Foreign  Missions  to  February  22,  1894. 

"  Home,"  91 ;  Contribution  Box  of  "  Home,"  2.30,  193.30 

Total  for  month,  $215  30 

Total  since  March  25,  1893,  $4,396.53 
Mrs.  E.  G.  Denniston,  Treas., 
Feb.  22,  1894.       920  Sacramento  St.,  San  Francisco,  Calif. 


I