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WORKS

or TE

SAV ENDISH SOCIETY.

FOUNDED 1846.

HAND-BOOK

CHEMISTRY.

BY
LEOPOLD (EEN:

VOL. IX.

ORGANIC. .CHEMISTRY.

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ‘ZOUR AND SIX ATOMS OF CARBON.

‘TRANSLATED BY

HENRY WATTS, BA, FCS.

LONDON:
PRINTED FOR THE CAVENDISH SOCIETY.

mpceciv,

Hs

We oy
‘i AFd 20 1877):
- Ne woo ky

RINTED BY MAERIGON AND 40m,
LONDON GAZETTE OFFICE, £Y, MARTIN'S LAKE.

CONTENTS OF VOL. IX.
(VOL. II. OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY.)

Ethylene-series (continued.)

Acetone, C*H'0"= C'H‘0%, (1H?
Formation and Prepation
Properties ee
‘Decompositions:

1. By a red heat
2. By combustion
3. By chlorine
Pentachlorinated and Hezachlorinated Acetone
4. By Bromine.
5. By Phosphorus
‘Acephoric acid; Phosphacetic acid
Acephosrenic acid.
Insoffile Compound ‘edaraining Carbon and Phosphorus:
6. By Nitric did. — 7. By Iodic acid. +8, By Oil of Vitro
9. By Phosphoric: acil.-— 10: By Hydrochloric acid. —11. By
Pentachloride of Vbusphorus.—12, By Iodine and Phos-
phorus
13. By Bich?owais bf Pouaso.
—{ 15. By Ammonia ...
16, By Ammonia and Solphu
‘Thakcetone. — Akcethine, —Therythrine
‘Melathine. — Brown Resinous Body. — Elathine
‘F 17. By Ammonia and Sulphide of Carbon
18, By Ammonis and Belpharetted Hydrogen
Thiscetonine ...
19. By Hydrate of Potash
20. Decomposition of acetone-rapour by hot bya of potash...
21, By Potassium and Sodium
Ff 22. By Quick Lime
Combinations

Mesitylene or Mesitylol, COH'=C#H*— CH!

lodide of Pteleyl or Teriodomesitylene =

[ Terbromomesitylene, C#H°Br .

VoL. Ix.

H. By Bichloride of Platinam,

vi CONTENTS.

Chloride of Pteleyl, C*H?C1, or Terchloromesitylene, C*HCE
Nitromesitylene, C'#H™NO*=CH"X .. “
Binitromesitylene, CH™N?0° = CHXt
Nitromesidine, CH!N?O*= CH AdX,
Ternitromesitylene, C'#H°N?0% = C1HPX% ..
‘Mesitic Ether or Oxide of Mesityl, CHO?
Pyroacetic Oil or Dumasin ..., x
Mesitic Aldehyde, CH‘O= CHO!
odide of Mesityl or Hydriodate of Mesitylene
Chloride of Mesityl or Hydrochlorate of Mesitylene
Mesitic Chloral, CH*CPO?
‘Mesityl-bypophosphorous acid ‘i
Baryta-salt, BaO,C*H*0,PO ...
‘Mesitylo-phosphoric acid :

Soda-salt, NaO,C'H*0%,PO'+5Aq san sess 29
‘Mesitylo-sulphuric aci

Lime salt, CaO,C*H°O,80 ete ets
Permesitylo-sulphuric acid:

Lime-salt, 2(Ca0,SO3) + C¢H*0? ena 30

{ Sulphomesitylo-sulphuric acid :

Lead-salt, PbO,SO#,C#H'SO? 30
Acechloride of Platinum, C*H‘CI,PtO 31
Pltinom-rein 35
Aceplatinous Oxide 37
{ Acetonic acid, C*H*O'= HO,C*H70* 37
Acetal, C#H¥Ot ... 38
Lignone 4l
Methol, C'H* or CH... 47
Xylite-oll, CHH°O 48
Brown Xylite-resin, Co ted 49
Yellow Xylite-resin 50
Xylitic Naphthe, C*H°0'% = C#E=G 50
‘Weidman & Schweizer’s Mesite, C*H*0?=C3H0+ 51
Mesitene, C*H*0*=C#H¥0* 32
Reichenbach’s Mesite =... “ 53
Scanlan’s Liquid... ne Si GAD» obs 55
4 Volatile Oils produced by the distillation of Wood

{ Conjugated Compounds containing Ammonia,
Ethylamine, HN... on 56

Carbonate, — Salpbate, — Hydrosulphate. — “Hyde. — Hyaro-

59

bromate .. we
‘Hydrochlorate, cur 'N,HCl = C*H! NCL — Nitrate. — -Chloromer-
curate, C‘H®NCI,HgCl. — Chloro-aurate, C‘H*NCI,AuCP a 60
‘Chloroplatinate, C‘H®NCI,PtC? oo
Compounds of Ethylamine with Protochloride of Platinum :
@, 2(PtCLC'HN).— 5. 2(C'H7N),PECL aaa ame

Oxalate of Alumin

a. Normal, —b, Acid

Oxalate of Alumina and Potash

(Oxalate of Alumina and Soda..., ~

Osalate of Alumina and Baryta, C°BeAPO"+ 10Aqand +30Aq 135,

Oxalate of Alumina and Strontia, C°SPAPO"+18Aq =. 135
Oxalate of Thorina E

Oxalate of Thorina and Potash
Oxalate of Zirconia...
Oxalate of Titanium, 12TIO/C°TI0"+ 12Aq
Oxalate of Tantalam E
Oxalates of Molybdenum
Oxalates of Vanadium ..

Chromic Oxalate
a, Insoluble. — b, Soluble, CH#O%,3C20'=CCrO* =, 137
Blue Ammonio-chromic Oxalate, C¥(3NH4Cr*)O™+6 or 5Aq 138
Red Ammonio-chromic Oxalate, C(NH‘,C)0#+8Aq
Blue Potassio-chromic Oxalate, C#K*CrtO™; and with 6Aq
Red Potassio-chromic Oxalate, C°KCr?0" +8 or 124q
Blue Sodio-chromic Oxalate, C¥Ns*C#O™
Baryto-chromic Oxalate, C4Be'Cr!O™ + 12Aq and 18 A
Btrontio-chromic Oxalate, C#8°CH#O™ + 18Aq 6...
Calcio.chromic Oxalate, C#Ca%Cr!O™ + 18Aq and: stag
‘Magnesio-chromic Oxalate

‘Uranous Oxalate, C'U?0" + 6Aq

Uranic Oxalate:
a. Batic, U0? + C1(2U202)0"+5Aq,
4. Normal, C4(2U?0*)0*+2Aq and 6Aq_
Ammonio-uranous Oxalate, C(U,NH90*
Ammonio-uranic Oxalate, C'(NH‘,U!09)08 + 4Aq ..
Potassio-uranous Oxalate
Potassio-uranic Oxalate, C4(K,U?0*)0" + 3Aq
‘Manganous Oxalate, C‘Mn?0* +4Aq
Manganic Oxalate .... coo, Pa ots
‘Ammonio-manganous Oxalate, C(NH‘,Mn)O# +4Aq
Potassio-manganous and Potassio-manganic Oxalate
Oralate of Arsenious Acid?
Antimonic Oxalate, C(H,Sb0*)0*.
{J Ammonio-antimonic Oxalate, 5(NH‘0\ oo) + 21500" 80%

+2Aq 48
Potassio-antimonic alate
a, 5(KO,C*0%) + 2(Sb0?,3C70%) + 7Aq.. 49

4, 3(KO,C*0%) + (SbO8,3C°OF +9Aq i
€. 2(KO,202O%) + (SbO¥3CO%) +4Agan we awe 150
Telluric Oxalate
Oxalate of Bismuth, 2Bi0%,C‘O* + 34q

x CONTENTS.

Page
402

Propionic acid, C'HS,O*
Propionate of Ammonia, CHINHOO4. — Propionate of Potash,
C*H'KO!. —Propionate of Soda, CH'NaO'+2Aq 405
Acetopropionate of Sods, C*H*NaO' + C*H!NuOt+ 9Aq
Propionale of Baryta, CtH*BaO!; also + Aq
Propionate of Lime, C*H8Ca0!; also +Aq
Propionate of Copper, CSHCuOt; also + Aq
Propionate of Silver, CCH'AgO* ww.
Acetopropionate of Silver, CH"Ag?O*
Propionate of Ethyl, C’H"0'=C'H'0,C¢HO?
Propione, CHO? eee
4 Propylamine, CH°N = CHIN = CH LDN
J Arsenide of Propyl ....
Preudoscetic acid, CH#O%™ CHO CHO!

405

407
407

409
all
413
44

Sxoowpany Sxntes.

a, Ozygen-nuclei.
a. Oxygen-nucleus CH‘O%,
Pyruvic acid, C*H‘Ot = CH‘03,0+ it 418
Pyruvates, C1H*MO* od 6 Gh 419425
B. Osygen-nucleus C*H*0',
‘Mesoxalic acid, C'H*0"=C'H*0',0* 425

4, Bromine-nuclei.
a. Bromine-nucleus C'BreH!

Bromopropionic, C*B:H',0*
. Bromine cleus C*B:*H?.

‘Tribromopropylaldide, OBSH?,0%
¢. Chlorine-nucleus C°CPH®.

Chlorosucclo ald, C*CPHYOt ets ABD
4. Nitrogen-nucleus C*KH'.

‘Nitropropionic acid, C°NH‘O* = C*XHS,0* ween 430
¢. Amidogen-nuclel.
a, Amidogen-nucleus C*AdH®,
Propionamide or Metacetamide, C*AUH',0? wane eae 482
Sarcosine, C'NB70*= C*AdH!,0* r 432

‘f Alanine, C°NH70‘...,

Cystine, CNH?S#O'— CYAdH' 280" 438
" B. Amidogen-nucleus C8Ad*O4,
Onaluric acid, CINTH“OMR CABO aaa MO

Nitrogen-nuclei.
a. Nitrogen-nucleue CINAAO*,
Parabanio acid, CONTH°0%—=CYNAAO408? eae ae AD

‘Lantanuric acid, C°N?H‘O* ?
Allanturic acid, C°NH‘O* = CN AGH"03,0"7
Diftoan sae ay Tee ei

Cyanuric acid, CNH,0$
Hyédrated acid, C¢N*H0 + 4Aq
Combinations with Mineral acids
Cyanurate of Ammonia if
Cyanurate of Potash :

a. C°N'HES,Of, — 6, CIN*H'K,08

Cyanurate of Lime
Cyanurate of Lead, CoPHEYON RO aka
Cupric Cyanarate F
Bicapric Cyanurate with Ammonia
Cyanurate of Silver :
a. AgO,C*N*HAg*0*. — 5. CON*HAg*O#
Cyanurate of Silver with Ammonia, 2NEC'NHAGO* 457
Cyanurate of Silver and Ammonium
Cyanurate of Silver and Potassium.
‘Lead .... _
Cyanurate of Urea?
Cranurate of Methyl, C#N'H*O= 3C*H#0,C1N!0*
Cyanurate of Ethyl, C#N*H"O! = 3C+H'0,C°N‘0
Cyanylic acid, C°N*H*O* = C*NtH?0?,0* ?
Cyamelide, C°N*H30! = C*N?H#04,07?
8. Nitrogen-nucleus CIN'BE,
Solid Bromide of Cyanogen ? 3

«. Nitrogen-nucleus CN'CPH.
Chlorhydride of Cyanogen, CON'CPH nee mee 468

& Nitrogen-nucleus ONCE,
Solid Chloride of Cyanogen, C*N*Ci°
Compounds allied to Solid Chloride of Cyanogen ..
1, Liquid Chloride of Cyanogen, C!N®CI? ?
2, Chlorocyanie Oil ie
n. Nitrogen-nucleus C8N?AdH? ?
Product from Urea, C®N‘H‘Ot= C*N#AdH#,0!?
Hydrosalphomellonic acid, C*N‘H‘S'= C*N*AdH?,S*
Sulphomellonides, C*N‘H*MS¢ ‘

Cyanurate of Silver and

xx CONTENTS.
0. Nitrogen-nucleus CNVAH.

Page
Ammeline, C!N‘H*0*= C*H?Ad?H, 0? ? - 4m
‘Ammelide, CHNSH*O'= C'N*Ad!H,O8 + CPNFAGH'O# a «AT6
1. Nitrogen-nucleus OON'APC.
Chlorocyanamide, CON'H‘Cl=C'NFAGC ou. oie one eae AB
&. Nitrogen-nucleus CNA.
‘Melamine, OHSH%=CNAG)H? eae ieee AT
Appendix to Melamin
1, Melam, C2N"HP 482
2. Poliene, C'NH* 484
Unknown Primary Nucleus CH,
Unknown Ozygen-nucleus CH*O',
Glycerine, C*H*0+= C*H*0!,0* its vides 486
Phosphoglyceric acid, C*HS0!,HO,PO* 492
Salphoglyceric acid, C*H*O*,2S0> ... 494
‘J Biethylin, CHH™0# = (C'H*)?,C°H80' = CX(H*Ac)0* 495
‘T Acetin, C°H™0* = C'H?03,C*H80¢= C(H70e #08. 496
‘J Biacetin, C¥H0" = (C*H#0"),,C*H70t = C*(H6,0et)08 496

T Triacetin, CHYO¥ = (C+H?0")3, C8HS0* = C%(H*Oe3)0*
Chlorine-nucleus CAHICIO',
Chlorhydrin, C*H?CIO*
‘Acetochlorhydrin, C#H°CIO* = C*H7CIO‘,C1H20""
{1 Bichlorhydrin, C*H*C#O? z
I Epichlorhydrin, C*H*C1O? ?
lodbydrin Pa

Nitro-nueleus CHPXI0',
‘J Nitroglycerine, CSN'H'O%=C'H5X904,07 aa ae eee SOL
Compounds probably derived from the nucleus C°N‘X*H',
1, Nitacrol 8
2, Nitrocholic acid, C°N'H*02— O'N'KHS O°?
3. Cholacrol, C*N*H*O" ? ie

ADDITIONS TO VOL. VIL.

CONTENTS. xxi

ADDITIONS TO VOL. VIII.

Cyanides of Copper and Cadmium ... 303
Cyanide of Mercury and Cadmiam 309
Salphocyanides of Platinum .

Nitroprussides, preperation of, 317
Nitroprasside of Potassiam vee vee e n 317
Olefiant Gas, preparation of, Aiea amt = A sae SNF
Oxide of Ethyl... . . . . 518
Formation of Alcohol from Ether ee Asa 318
Aldehyde .. € a. etty: See Geen USNS
Carbonate of Ethyl... . > we BID
Phosphate and Frropbosphate of Ethyl . E 3 319
Cyanate of Ethyl... Biting wa Gay dey S8O)
Cyanate of Methyl. a nr)
ADDITIONS TO VOL. IX.
Ethylacetamide 522
Ethylodiacetamide 522
Rtbyloformiamide - - 7 Le 523
Ethylorethane a be . 523

VoL. 1x.

ERRATA.

VOL. VIL.
Page Line
79 — 23 from top; for siimine, read aniline.

576 — 4 5 for 1850, read 1951.

VOL, VILL.
194 — 1 from top: for N‘, read H',
454 — 10 ” 3 Sor CHHKO,C*S*, read CHHKO?,C°S*.
4166 — 26 from bottom ; for sulphur, read oxygen.
15 5 for oxygen, read sulphur.
438 ‘The composition of cyanic ether is incorrectly calculated ; it should be:
6C.. = 36 50°70
5H sedi nD . 704
N seat 19°72
20 16 22°54
CSHSNO?....... 7 100-00

490 — 16 from bottom +
Sean ics PR f for oxysulphocyanide, read oxysulpbocyanate.

xviii — 10 from top

VOL. 1x.

301 The formula of nitroglycerine should be
C°NTHSO" = CHHSX304,08 ;

and the calculation of its composition :

6C coe 36
3N 42
5H. 5 oe
180 44

CHEX?0%..... 227

tie |

ee uundecomposed, and may be distilled of asa neutral

Acephorio Acid.
Hare: acalate a bested overly toe boiling pola Fon 24 hemes

avery large exeess of phosphorus, in a flack ia fitted with a long
tal bulb in the middle and the beyond the
Bae tock cayenne tas tals ci rrarroasited idk water, so that

leaves whon evaporated a light yellow varnish
having a very sour taste. In this stato it gives off, when honted
rodnos, a giv (which does not take fire spontaneously) and tl white
fames, loaving after tho igvition, » carbonaceous mans which water
extracts ic acid, while flocouleut charcoal remains,

J

ue vo readily in mae codsu ada * Feb etal

oven wubagetate Ly onl nitrate silver,
wi & while (immediately, with the ‘aid of heat) produces a
brown-black precipitate.

The Ammonia-salt becomes acid when its solution is evaporated in
vacuo. — The Soda-eat dissolved in alcohol haa a alight alkaline resection.
inept oenaned nontral, Whoo aubjected to dale
it yields products having an acid roaction. ‘Tho phosphorwa which it
coutains is not sompletely oxidized by strong nitric acid, but

with carbonate of soda and nitrate or chlorate of potesh.—The
Loud-salt, whon its aqueous Crean is evaporated, is ly converted

Phosphacetic Acti.

eat ek ee a (epee

large quantity of charcoal
. Heated with it La
wit een it gives prs oH

sparingly in
I,
concentrated aqueous solution forms with ltrate ‘Sf aitvon
gellewish white. procpitate which tars brown whoa bested) it’ dvet
‘Dot procl nentrel or basic acetate of lend.
ino. — Tho wublimate obtained ag in (¢) and is dimolved in
the smallest possible quantity of hot alcohol; the solution
to acoriain extent in the air; and the resulting crystals
» and purified by recrystallization, — Lemon-
ly lustrous, inodorous rhombohodrons. Thi It
clenr, sulphur-yellow liquid, which boootues ted bre
it solidifice in a yellow radiating masa on
i converted in|

|} more:
yellow, slightly allsitine eolutions may be boiled without .
SS eee
ru time only, if it ute,) &
f Cateye clleoe to ve uloute ioe mace ee

‘The brown-red powder precipitated by water from the
Gnpacticed in'(y fuan ibe wae Dornier
pao sna nd » bn oa
and loaves a cou!

(f Timo and socncen pets

According to Stadeler (Chem. Gaz. 1853, 341), the yollow erystallina
Epo
om 10 com) jon

; cn *, which
wots. platinam-
24 te mera
ving a small
a

‘neotone; -
Feuly als by Woling ox alcokais aclation’ of Gpdvetcpteta of ates
thiacetonine ;
CHYN'S2HS + AHO = C™NYNS' + NH + 2CO" + 2HS?
in lustrons, yellowish rhombobodrons; hn am
Peselons aii dinctee becky ty ices ate, tity alka
bnt is rather difficult of ion ia water.
‘Potaah waizhd Wi

i

Bry

ad

i}

ectnais GiSAApih Gaaly pronded lng uo-actantatet
a hat she tn of fw wrasse dpa ering

with byfroclorie ack, yields small quantity of colored reals.
(Volekal, ann Pharm 263).

Combinations. — Acetone mixes in all proportions with Water. (Che-

Pee eliaey
mee
two layers of
‘upper of which ix acetone, ir, aqueous eb
ebntaining acetone; bnt a portion of the acctone |
the lower stratum, nnd riecs to the top whenover it is F Be
19, 287.) — The, solution of chloride a
‘wood-spi ‘capable i a Targe quan
ihneh. Went rel aoa it aided vol. of &

eiteticg, ON piiSernsee teks
wry ia Gt OH =OHX. 1a is polymeric, with

tornitromesitylene.— The excess of carbon and in the
ee tetesseserts euitetorely bees eral aldehyde,

‘burns liko tindor when dried thew sr letised yes the sseopared ee
ally decomposes when immersed in water, — It dissolves md
forming adr brown solution. (Kane)
compound, when dissolved in absolute aleohol, and heated with
ee to yiold acetic ether, (Chancel, V, Ann, Chim, Phys.
S

Mesitic Ether or Oxide of Mesityl = cen“or,
Kaxe, Pegg. 44, 475; ulao J. pr. Chem. 15, 133.

Preparation, 1. Acetone ani vil of viol are gradually mixed fa
umes, it) m ¥essel immer in ‘water, 80 a8 to prevent
fest rise ture, which would onuse the abstraction of all ci

‘of water; after

aside, the thickish upper stratum removed by

® pipette, and the emaller portion of it distilled off from Times

i rato ete Vs ‘then passes over first, bat the process does not yield it

re alcoholio solution of chloride of mosityl is mixed with
Pogues of aleoholie potash to ronder it ly alkaline;
for some time; diluted with 8 times its bull:

\ 26 RUWYLENE: PRIMARY NUCLEUS CRY,
; dentloal- with Kane's wesitio other. Tt buras with a bright, smoky
Mid piuchduacieer tarpeiesns tinting ¢ akeod alae noe
an ves in f
feesitilod Winwcnt y i veregper bale

Mesitic Aldehyde. c*H‘0'=C"H'O',
Kann, Pogg. 44, 491; also J. pr. Chem, 15, 150.

‘This compound is formed by enrefully heating 2 vol. nectone with
1 vol. strong nitric acid, and diluting with water; but as thus obtained,
ae contaminated with nitrite of pteleyl (g.».). To obtain it pure,
mesitylene is boiled with nitric acid, fresh quantities of which are cone
toually added Wil no further action appears to take place; the product
ig then washod with water, and dried over chloride of caleiam,

Heayy yellow liquid of sweetish astringont taste.

Dissolves sparingly in water, but readily in alkaline liquids, forming
we ten lp ma en cy gas with great
idity, forming @ brown resinous masa. This compound of mesitic
aldobyde with ammonia may be obtained in the crystalline state
eolution in water and evaporation, Its nqneous solvtion mi
with nitrate of silver, immediately forms a precipitate which
blackens when heated; the reduction is however incomplete. But oxide of
silver precipitated from the nitrate by a emall quantity of potash, is imme-
wood on addition of meeitic aldehyde, sometimes to » black
powder, sometimes to a motallio and somewhat specular coating. (Kano,)

Iodide of Mesity! or Hydriodate of Mesitylene.

Kane, Pogg. 44, 478; also J. pr. Chem, 15, 197.

1. Aectone mixed in a rlart with fone and phomstorus, aad

c wt iodine as ,
Ree ee od de by inligy snd Socio af bettodle whe at
this distillate bo trented with water to remove hydriodic acid and with
potash to remove free iodine, and. th colorized, it booomes
fcloared again oth wha ett sll and when immersed in wate,

ee |

| Permositylo-sulphuric Acid.
Kanr, Pog, 44, 4795 also Ji pr. Chern. 15, 198.

One part of acetone is mixed with 2 pta. of oll of vitriol, without
cooling, so that tho mixture becomes very hot, turns brown, and gives
off enlphuroua acid; the liquid, when cold, is diluted with water, antu-
rated with carbonate of baryta, lime, or lead, and the filtrate evaporated.

The Baryta-satt IIizes in small pearly tables, turns brown when
heated, and leaves 78°4 per cent. of neutral eulphate of baryta. Heated
with sulphuric acid, it behaves like mesitylosulphate of

The Lime-salé crystallizes in deliquoscont granules and roe ee
‘may be deprived of ita 1 At. water of crystallization without blacke
bat blackeus and takes fire at a stronger heat, and leaves er ool
alkaline residue, withont giving off sulphuric acid. The sult moi
with nitric acid docomposes quite quietly when hoated. (Kane.)

[By doubling this formula, we obtain 4(Ca0,80") -+C"H"0?-+2H0,]

{ Sulphomesitylo-sulphuric Acid.
Horaamy, Chem. Soo. Qu. J. 2, 119.
Musityto-hyporuiphurte acti, Mesitylo-mulphuric acid.

Obtained by treating mesitylene with fuming sulphuric acid, whereby
ie iat is ~ teat whieh, bes posed to & molt

|The formula of this sult may also be written PLO,C*H SO, q.

mescesco, When reereaatle of platinum ia ignited with potash, a

residue is likewise coer ee Pec,

2 When seechlorie of patioum is immer in_water, both the

solution formed at first and the undissalwed jon turn

Jn a few boura at ordinary tomperatares, and imme
Sia of heat. if th the ligu Tiquid be contin

a4 Ht evaporates, the solution becomes colour!
0 PEO BR 9 i es.

that aceplatinous oxide=C*PtO, that hydro.
aut Rete eercad acitansoully oii onotaes “pumein
Sic ot +C'HYC!; and consequently, 183-4 pts. of ucechloride
of platinum: ae Fuad 109 pts, of aceplatinons oxide=100 :
which agrooa well Cpu with Zeise’s experiment, This heprars
an neetone-compour ud into a compound of tho Eee ab ste |
ea, 8 fy fatourstle to Chancel’s theory of

3. Acochloride of platinum is decomposed when heated with potash,
baryta, or lime, either in the dry or in the humid “lee
solves slowly in cold forming a “brown solution, whi
ston Mixed wid a aol op
ghel, it forms a brown pasty m:
‘a retort; and after 4 eri ve al at =
over, is found to be ever ‘into a black po:

es "Acechiloride of platinum stirred up with ae quantity of
issolves ly, forming first a yellow, then a
alkaline liquid which smolls of acctone. This liquid boiled oa the retort
‘with tho undissolved reddish powder (dering whigh
of an ethereal liquid in the ne of aes
/, forming @ s brow
ae

eat iy ee soluti
inate of ute, Whteh; one ta

ie rodiesolved and forms a clear bro

Acechtoroplatinate of Ammonia. —1. Formed by |
ets ah hn

there! cotny a meals

of eal-annoniag by dry distillation. Te dieelnes er the nat past

water and aloohol, and sparingly in acetone; its aqueous solution is nob
decomposed by bel

2 xmonige! xs ln passed a solution of acachlorida

Sates We neeion St ne meee formed aad ipeiat iE

ehloride of calcium bath, it rates in the granular and when

fhe Liquid ix complete cl aye nya tthe eke Brown

liquid by means of ‘or acetone, sup.) The residue iz yollow,

PG on ee be cks when exposed tothe ait, moro
al

Ht
us
ne
Fe
55:
; A
‘i

it

#

are reaction, Aloe when mixed with ae
itinumy, a copioas greenish yellow precipitate, j
in el oe OPT be Gs Hierata rs era
yollow precipitate ix formed, which, after on
ia quickly converted by oxposare to the air, into a tar.
‘sparingly in acetone at ordinary temperatares, more
at n boiling heat; the undisxolved portion is undistinguishable from
which dissolves,
"3. Accchloride of platinum is dissolved in ammoniacal
CR ene tear red-brown liquid still i
‘kaline; the solution filtored from the «mall q
‘substance ; the acechloroplutinate of ammonia vitetod from
‘trite by agitation with a large quantity of ether, in Jarge

Fipot eluates Kors Sided a osetia: aad spcles eoretin OEE
ti ig irl ns
Mcrtdot\ieed ded ta viees, Tue treoen Fall Soe

fl

ne

- Acachloride of platinum dissolves gparingly in Filer, more readily:
Pilate sepsctaliy’ ia, hot sloobal, fon ota crystallizes on
cooling; and still more rendily, in the proportion ni

of
does not exhibit any ull

‘ETHYLENE: PRIMARY NUCLEUS O'L,

st from tho alcoholic extracts:
nae wl ly eee ela o Tierinated
paar brown liquid mixed renee
alecholic malta ae, Aides: ail Whe geid bee pes
of ice kage Po
washed, |

nitric fae and then aoe of een ‘the
pean oat onlinary

bat tie atoobote nloobotio i
distilled ae Hae

cold ang but ae boiled with water till tl
yields n brown turbid liquid. ‘This liquid i ‘2 brownish filtrate
wa solution of nitrate of ei ut not with red-brown colour,
red-brown flakes, both veith ee acid and with
eee restates rahe ar oe be decolorized; these flakes ure
reduced ia Sees fae andany om tag the liquid, in-which ease Hf

Aten id cced fom tha- bask al
when evaporated Te pa ‘over oil of first a red-
n ‘due. ‘The aleoholie

Fza 8
:
4
‘

;
:
i
i
i

ie
F
i
:
B

prisiss, oF long Bbrous, satin-like, maetg a
Se ree ona ovate ‘with ammonia,
rely deposited in dark flaken

Hy
f

c

;

Acctal. C7t*0',
wa dan, Phar. 5, 25; alao Pogg, 27, 605,—Ann. Pharm.
156.
gran". Aan, Chim, Ply. 19, 146; also J. pr. Chem. 40, 340.

» Schwerer —
ery Oorpen sik Sauerstofther. — For the history of this com=
Formation. By the imperfect combustion of aleohol in with:
platinum-black. pbardinee) =a. Tita’ desumpontio “i aleabal hy
chlorine, so long a4 no aubstitution-producta are formed, acetal ig tho
principal product (Stns.) +
SCO + 2Cl = CPHMO! + 2HCI + 20,
i# formation of acetal from hydrated alcohol appears to precede
the ‘ion of aldehyde (VII, ie % ™

CARO + 2HO + 4Cl = SCID? + AHCI]

ae
He
HE
ie
ba

Propertics. Thi colourless liquid. Sp. gr. 0-816
Granta hole wong ila

Seb dolls at 60” with the baraineter 5 61-20" ak

At, d. Vol.

so 10 ne GO 9882. 20. HE
0 LOL PBK ae 10 or O°
A see BB vee BUGF oe Ba

chloride of calcium.

ETHYLENE: PRIMARY NUCLEUS CH,
ee ee GV and Ue ea

orang ue. Sp 08

otely between 61" and’ 67"; mixes fa; ll proportions ‘with iwabees

and ethor, and ie lags EE ee by
T fe

4.

morte Nereetgleteripem tito

on j doce not smoke; gives more light than

D elas on take cee Om ius to's Ge
u ise

Galicia sraition af hyaroshlinte 4 pede h es

the lower of which is oily, and coutinually incresses at the

aay be was
ealeium, which does not dissolve in it.

This Xylitie Chloral coutains 20-25 cont 3°51 H, 58:32 CL
and 8°92 O; ite formula is therefore C*HSCKO*, [Probably formed in
‘this manner ;

CAAMOY + UCL CHUPCKOY + 2HO + 2HCIA at
iti chloral bas a vei it odour, gives off hydrochloric
wi distilled, and yields ay distillate of Eas volatile
while n quantity of slid matter remains bobivd. Whon distilled
Naer, it ret passes over undecomposed, then gives ofl hydrochlotie
acid, and is converted into another compound. (Woidmann & Schweiver.)

3. Lignono placed in u test-tube with an equal yolume of

nitric acid, eo as to form a layer above it, becomes heated, and qai
into 4 state of violent intumescence, and is thrown out of
i iving off nitric oxide yas which has an ethereal
irops, which increase on the addie
i ae contains oxalic acid, and turna

= Ai
wtp

acids,
Sevier eye

ing of mesite and xylitie
if the liquide aro mixed in
equal ies; —with 1 pt. of li
are xylite-oil and xylite-resin.,
NSIS Ee
iret, but m continually
which collect in the recei

of vitriol only n stanll q

"F a

iguone
thore remaing acetate of potash, with a small quantity of
ie ees en of tho wood-apirit

potash and methylic other; and the latter, finding no with which
lic pipe oar with another portion of the potash,

SCH'O% + 2K = KO,CIO" + CHPKO® + sChHtO",
Taste then io spiel aed tally testers. Oa tha’
to xylite-oil, and fini i \
of water, the meta tf potask diseelver Ta ths Sore sf slqoecna gusta
and wood-spirit. (Woldmann & Schweizer.) — Respecting the action oF potas
‘slum on lignone, compare Liwig. (Pogg. 42, 404.)

Combinations. Lignone mixes in all proportions with Water.

Tt diseolves small quantities of Phosphorus and the
Si tatotmven tal become silk etse nian cs)
‘The phosphorus solution, kept in a closed vowel, does not form any avi

jhorus, a8 tho solution of phosphorus in acetond does
‘under similar circumstances. (Z a)
Lignono dissolves a large quantity of Zodine, forming a dark brown

chloride of calcium
the wpper of which con.

ait inal property

of
a brown pulveralent resin which dees not softer at 100°, but fuser ut a
ent into a blnck mass. It contains 8327 po. C, 938 H, and
735 0; hence its formula is COH*O°. — Brown diatilled with:

lite-resin dissolved in strong alcohol;
Mixed with aloahot of 70 Jer cant which, prec the
ee eee hte bee et drs ee
time, washi ol an
oak alloted.” Tits thor Salad for wnts Une ox tip waterbath Toe
‘Tho resin ix reddish yellow, brittle, and does not become soft
ater Tike the brown resin, Ita molting point ig much above
mi the ansgsinwhich perhaps shows it to be bowcre wih the brows rea
“Yellow xylite-rosin bobavos with cil of vitriol like the brown resin,

bf
se

‘weak spirit, but dissolvee in strong alcohol and in ether, forming a yellow
rolation., Tks alcoholic solution does as litate an olution
of acetate of lead; ammonia added to the sol throws down yellow

flukes, (Weidmann & Sehweizor, J. pr: Chem, 23, 47.)

Xylitio Naphtha. cH'0¥=c™H*O
Produced, by the action of oll of vitsiel, potash, on pelaeeinmnle
mesite, or mesiteno,
A ssa quancity of pint of
i 5 water 3
Seattle antl SyEeron

4 slo

= a
52 ETHYLENE: PRIMARY NUCLEUS C4,
Colourless, mobile liquid, iter than water,

Properties. Boils
somewhat above TO’. Vaponr-density 2°853 to 2-852 ene doos ape
agree with the assumed formula]. Haaa pleasaut ethereal odour and
‘burning taste.

{ Vilokel also finds that mesite ix isomeric with acetone and xylite. ‘The Tem

Sims) tn amines rome
abstraction of water.

Teaves @ thick brown oil, 7. i

mike it and brown andl yollewse xylite-rosin. Mesite distilled

with oil of vitriol erent gives off aries acid, and like lig-

‘nono, yields firat sat Aes then Goan ani

‘earbonaccous tires . in contact with mositey
eee wills pias acetic ‘al when dis

tilled tt eaipiade| old; soon, howover, Tt nvergoes farther decom

Mositene, CH’0"=C"H"0%

A distilling lignone, mosite, or xylitic naphtha with oil of
Dry lignone thus treated yields but a small quantity of rm
Deeauso the ‘greater part of it is eoon converted into gerne
and thereby escapes oxidation; but hydrated li i
aay converted into sulphomethylic acid, yi
e.

a EYHYLENE: PRIMARY NUCLEUS CAT,

eras of watery liquid which has ‘over with it, and distilled in
water-bath over a large quantity of sliked limo, which retains

ervouota, picamar, nnd » yellow colouring, principle this distillato
bocomos gradually yellow by oxposure to the air, it must be once more

tn eupiones the dstillate is byakly agitated with 15 times its

tu of water; Bee anon wel ti mesite separated from the
undissolved eupione, which floats on the top; ae former distilled in a
gontly “ater the distillation bei 24 soon as the
water in the both begins to boil; aud the meeil ich has passed over,

Pere fm water ot wond spt by repented datilaon ovr cor

‘Tran: mnt, colourless, vory mobile liquid, of 0-805; boils nt
Gms kaa Epleatat Sromatis od cpasiooad deus, Geis SiekDy aa
tasto.

' Mesito burna with a clear whitish low flame somewhat bluish
Paes and without smoke. — It absorbs chlorine gas with moderate
of temperature, soultias wiring after a while, a very powerful odonr wl
excites tears. It dissolves bromine, with hoat and decoloration. Mixed
with nitric acid, it intamoxces strongly after a whilo; aud with oil
of vitriol it becomes heated to sudden ebullition, byt without, Fielding 63
other; water theu added to the mixture separates oils having the
of coffee and of strawberries,

Mosite is sometimes in a condition to take up of water, somo~
times to disolve in 2 pts. of water, Tho solution ne peep in mesita
door not ehine in tho air. Mosite dissolves aes shor oad largo re
of iodine, re pai in all i Piapervene with ‘sulph ide of fone

acid when heated. ixes with dilute ammonia and potash, bub
not with strong potash, and is not decomposed thereby, Dissolves uranic
nitrate and ehloroaurate of sodium, but not chloride of calcium.
in all proportions with ether, aleoho!, volatile and fixed oils, and dissolves
many campbors, fats, resing nnd organic acids (Reichenbach, Soke, 60,
76; abstr. Ann. Pharm, \0, 298).

According to Berselius, Reichenbuch's mesite is acetate of methyl; in
that case, there must be a lighter Nquid mixed with it; for the sp. gr. of
acetate of methyl is 0-909; that of Keichonbach's mesite 0 805 — Compare
also Lisbig (Aww. PAarm, 10, 315).

Scanlan’s Liquid.
Crude wood. ee is distilled till 15 per cont has bets over; the
Fesiduo neutralized with lime; tho piteh which ia th
{akow off; the liquid. dvtiled as. long ne sera pom

itor ie erik and
coloured Li ap. gr.

sth water and an em a
Beatie ‘he first and eit volati J i ot 1 gt. 0'D, le coll
ee, anealoriaed by unimal ‘or the water

water-bath.
pee a ry sto is apr ine dey of O-O11; boils
ge ETB, tcl tn seam
is combus med intel
or line, with ion of an acetate of tho ah

OTN rece 43 ue 10000... 10066

May bo ee 1) as CHIN HS, i.e asa of 2H
a nucleus C4 1H is replaced by N as C!HtAd,
en tind of mea a roy fared TH
lpn im is
(4), a8 CH NH, te, as ‘ammonia coupled with or
eugiee N, &¢. as ammonia in which 1H is replaced by ethyl.

(Compare Vit, 16, 17 mn 186).

of oth; and i
poe eens
2C'HIN + 4. = HE + CHN,HT + OYBPIDN.
Bromine and Chlorine produ ilar reactions, (Wurts.) — 4, When
af ilate gf pas sar sain olan i.
of ethylamine acidulated with hydrochloric acid, sitrous ether is evolved

in considerable poet, and if set on fire at sims of the tube, burns
with 2 fame coloured light-green ut the edges :

CHUN + 2NO* = CHPO,NO® + 210 + 2N.

At the como time, » small quanti axomatio ol
eisai sre igh ettng poise. {Homey Chk

EL. G8 of samara See amine an
Shen oh ast ote)

Combjansions, 1. Zibylaming cazes with Water faa
ie setof nics ing send with, erolation of pede? ‘Toa

has @ certain

3

sini that of Loot rey atag ae
poten piece pear of Aer ae
dimolying the Petia taiktong at elle ee
‘he walt Is depositad fn large nmin. From the aqueous
ee eS on cig in snore petit ta
ah eee ree ils between 315° and 820°; and

Nitrate of Ethylamine, — Obtained by saturating cthylamine with
ae Yon da taeat eepallton teres ts Utena oie
in thin lamiae. py mciher liquor, when Wetted, girer Gf

uivalent quantitics. Cryatallizes moro readi
af sasthglataine:
solution it is deposited in small white scales,

“aged preeiioy lt =a
heed i aa ier Rages artic

petted of
Lipson mig we rape poten

in colourless crystals of considerable ‘Tho enlt is purified by dite
sO Tog pag

foath
by tranamitted : rat
brown powder, and retain their lustre unimpaired at tof the
|. (Reckenschuss, Ann. Pharm, 83, 343.)

coherent 10%

Pd movanesmenneones SSS
40

Decompositions. This com nd treated with excess of chlorine ix
conyorted into o solid body whi hit izes ingeales, Anmonia decom-
and eae 3 gad, “Ca wnstic potash decomposes it slowly,

CHEN + 3KO + nae CHIPKO! + NIP + 2KCh
‘The gas and the oily liquid must be regarded as secondary products,
(Wurtz) *

on
‘ Biethylamine. oun =(ony,sm ait,
Hormany. Phil. Zrans. 1850, T, 120; Chem. Soo. Qu. J. 3, 300,
Diethylamine, Diethylammonia, Diethylia, Biethyliag
Obtained in the form of a hydrobromate by the action of bromide of

‘ethyl on ethylamine;
(CHYHEN + CO Be = Coontpas tee

in
the baae in the form of
hel sis

B

u

CHM... 130 nu. 100°00
Hydrated Oxide (CH*)NO, HO. — decomposing tha
sodden eaiGe ek oer Tha talon of ine tonite te pony Meaty
‘and recently, procpitated oxide of silver added in amall portions, with
ae resulting iodide of silver assames a it yellow
The liquid ilar rm the silver sii a solution of the
hydrated oxide of tetrethylium. ae wise be obtained by decom
posing tho sulphate with baryta; but this process is not so as tho
i cur ncpinch ol Aha, dilbealty of geen excess of
or of sulphuric acid. The alkaline solutic See vacuo

over sulphuric acid and me, yields after some time, long
which are extromoly doliquoscent and attract carbonic neid rapidly from

BEE

the air, By romaini dopa ia. sacc tke Sepeiel i
th Tiga ten po m Smid amy, Ma cee hatreonas
attmets ie .

like caustic by
it, and retin peda oe Arte eetathe

A poneer dees solution of oxide of tetrethylium may be
boiled without alteration, but at an advanced state of a oe
milter Mfevening crgiyy mal Wee Golallt ease
residue ints ing atrongly, it
resolved into water, Borel aud clefiant gas: 3

COHPNO,NO = 280 + CHUN + CH,

‘The solution of the oxide boiled for nbout 24 hours with iodide of
ethyl in sac enavided wee condensing tube, #0 that the Wee
products condensed and run back, porfectly neutral,
Freonvertod into alcohol and lodide of tolzcthyliam?

CHPNOMO + CHT = CHO? + COHPNI

ens of he bdo sal
of ain ot pots yl apaile mised ik state at tedide ob
aide

The oxide combines with:
‘the carbonate,

eee
».

a

68 ‘ETHYLENE! PRIMARY NUCLEUS CiHY,
ining of pc inte of asl an er cat
jun, jodate of
products, however, we must suppose that carburetted hydro~
es ‘Tagen off
Coe polemnibaeegs ple
in cold water, readily in
ie etic renee oka ch pare
dissolyos aloo in tho potassium, wodi
fp Uidolicin, wal Beales tcoet Neo ares

id from which the teriodide had crystallized
feadiigtion se heavy, red-brown, oily eampound, rielt

and probably consisting o! ‘a Vighor iodide of

—— fc brenigprptae
1. Mereuric iodide boiled with a volution Cpeseent

aes Todide of ih pl mixed ore deen sacar
corrosive sublimate, yields a w! ie a
steeate ok tha lode-newoareta with wilseee “ui fe ni
chlorine-compound (infra):

GC*HONT + S01 gCl = CMH®NESHgT + 5(CHYNCISEgCI).

Sree ae with water the latter is removed, whilo the iodine-compound
remains behis

CHEN,
ot

oly
(CHINE SHI. 1586. 100°00

Chloromerourale. excess of corrosit aa
Peasy Note dion ok iin ef i: a te

eeming get ew ch aa a ape

deposited on nonegiyors Siete ee

4 70 ETHYLENES PRIMARY NUCLEUS CH,

|| Conjugated Compounde containing Arvenic: Arsenethyls,
Laxporr. Ann, Pharm, 89, 301, Chem. Gaz, 1854,

"Thtoe sompounda aro sHainod by the ast of odido of si on Arete
nie of soli Ts rth ber vi eae

Troan (uo Ashter (CHS AN TEs lat encanta
reenethylium = Bo
totrethylium, stibmethylium, &e, > L

a nu) ‘of emall 6

8 o2,), 20 as to Gill then to about a iieis ates

the contents of ene of the, Suske (she otiora bi

the flask immediately connectod with a

‘which watream ef, carbocio. seid. io

Reperatdensing popersiea Cohlsb' ls Femme

Gatiaelace ta lio pevpataticn of allkethyl, P78), cousins of

wut feet atop eclc rilncre
i tube proceeding from the fo

A seahdayr ithe: bektove of ir esl Wi

ith bes, tumed
the distillation tnbe over the aecond batt
ag before. The exact moment. for
by the conducting tube, which has i
cold and wotted with drops of liquid. The

i
:
i

Piah
ih
Fibs:
ipatlt
ih z
FER oe
ra
2 if =
Hy
Baits

Hf
i
fr
E
rs
i
p
i

F
i
I
i
3
i
.
E

Aan
tee ee
iF if
ails
He
nt
ie

i lable in ether; on leaving the | to
in Wanale are remaina yellow ayrcpy fom biel ali
_ while, oe cared Saleh a sen ae
tals. Tt separated i compounds which adhere
1b mraahlag WEN s bea quanicyct are ‘und obtained in a stato
of purity by several recrytallizntios from water.—The watery aolation

a ‘of arsenethylinm, which may be crystallized by evaporation over

with iodide of othyl, and the Prue. digestod with ether (p70), still
contains = number of arscnical organic compout among the
oxide of arsentricthyl, Au?AxO', exixts in consideruble quantity. It
be noparated by treating the residue with absolute slot
alcoho! in

liquid, having & faint yellowish colour, strong
ie feel ge |

ll

a

os

a a

te
a aa

Hint

i

a

fis

80° ETHYLENE: PRIMARY NUCLEUS CRY 7
aes } ounees af exude produet, which

“course of a

is thon eloaod, while still immersed ie. the

afterwards removed, and used a a relort in the reefiication
i}.

jou of tho
alee is LU ebeireyiicn in are The Aine
portions rectifi product contain after
Biases oe spkcrton’ covemia’ fiacaee af evouneen (iets &

(CHYSb 216... 100-00 y
fede Emp’ vregned stibethyt as a radical containing Fa united with

GAHP,Sb, end consider that the occurrence of 2 AE ‘aplaine the
‘of 1 At stibethy! wit 0 ie. CHAS, on the
2 gard we 1 At wedi “alied ih the expla as Nees LA
oor 1 Le osvams, fe
Se Ste aes) Cerpcad tat fas escled wabegl ales eopetned a seer CONG:
nitrate CUHSSp,JTNO', &e. But Gerhardt in Chimie organique,

1, 369, regards stibethgl ax (C*H))'Sb,
A of stibethyl ex; ‘to the air at tho ond of m glass ror
Sale ink: ute foment 2'n fev soos taco See" and ea
‘a white, strongly luminous flame. Whoa introduced in a thin stream
i rgen gas, it burns with dazzling brightness, But if it be
run into a glass globe containing air, in such a manner as not to
it gives off denso white fumes, which colloct on the sides of the
paces ofa pawn which is insoluble in other be damien in
water; ut the same time a transparent, colourless, viscid mass
hich {a coloblo in ethor. THs latter subyinaco te the axle
wier is antimonite of st

aie

ai with otibethy), the
evolution of heat, ‘and in the case of bro

Hu

inflammation. ‘The compounds, like the oxide, all contain 1 At. mh
Deut et tae eee
fgdicMor ody yin corde of ably and :

Moric acid. — Dilute
apt he me
fee

he ow

= —

ee ae
alee fn tam ti
and hydrogen acide.
‘Lamig & Schmeiner,
12 _ wm 2903. 29°09

seal Maybe obaied bo A, dive ion of it com

but more

equivalent quantity of cuprie sulphate. The Altered: 2
y bit which

Bikcren yale pecetiy villa cers, su hs

ting thal
rapidly, with petty of selenium.

Todide, — Iodine and stibethyl combine togethor under water, the
feombtacibas being titonled witht of tonperttene, Oc edldtag alan
vlclent ‘ballition take

to|
oda

bate

"rcs

‘1 ELIE

tine,

q pul ie

i? a r : Hub Pen l ib
sy til gle Satta He

j 4 ane? aad ah rt s § at
on

es

— i

- |

BA ‘BTHYLENE: PRIMARY NUCLEUS Cl’,

Liwig % Schrweizer.
et $20 ne ETL see BET = BBO on ET

B69 a D063 oy DER, 26°90

by saturating dilate nitric ncid with oxido of

‘tate stibethyl im the dilute acid with the aid of
eens inte atin, ie ne pao mal

hoa
in the crystalline toe on We By dissoly—
a utity of water, and Teaving the eae to
it is obtained in Int

wwe 2226 uy 1°60
ol 45 hase

1
wens 92°20

Antimonite, — Spa ges with the oxide, by the junl oxida+
tion of stibethyl as #1). rhito fumes which stibethy? diffurse in
the eles ako Gre, cont almost wholly of tha ompouned EAA

leaving nn tion of ati to evaporate
Reetraby. cod dlaniving ont’ the ‘eimaltanesaly Taide Mabe
mixture of ether and aleohol; tho antimonito thea remaina in the form of
‘a White, pulverulont, amorphous body. — Has a bitter
in water and in alcohol, ‘The ena

|
86 ‘ETUTLENE: PRIMARY NUCLEUS OK,

Conjugated Compounds containing Bismuth,
@ Bismethyl. (CH‘PBik'=(CHYBI.
hee an Ann, Pharm. 75, 355,
pel ee Ae Te 2), 18, 4045 nm Phare: 85, 106} abstry J
‘Olen. 56, 841; Pharm, Centr. 185% 445; Ns dn, Chine Phy
35, 479; Johresber, 1852, 601.
Dowuavrr, Chem, Gar, 1854, 2, 61.
Biswuthide of Ethyl, Distriethy!, — Discovered & Schweleor; mom
fally ts eat fhyl by Limi 5 mon
Formed by tho action of fodido of ethy! on bismuthido of potassium,
((Qabwig & Schweizer.)

Preparation, Bismuthide of ‘ium* finel;
namic of if todaco fies cia a aa iat

ike over. Water freo from air 36 then: Intrasiaeed
nate ich immodiatoly closod and heated in the water-bath
till the maas becomes soft and the iodide of potassium is dissolved. The
aired cnt tanto gukiy eps the

le into
Sd shaken up vines with & lange

mobile tiga
bat of ne tinged Reena ies Roa a edour ke

ite gn Taos, hon

B: cd E AEG

fi re de Lh a iy
pi ai Leet pret ie Hey au ‘
at H hehe AE Ht Hal 7
yl Hoe tial nea |
tee aie aie eed u

Henan ldtifiag ay

sity pa ett te ait WHEL qe

ene Me UAL 2

righg en te il chi ake

——
98 EYHYLENE: PRIMARY NUCLEUS C*HS.
] of | The line which consists of iodide of
| niont of the two. The crystall Syne

and 2 or 3 inches long (Frankland). — Beautiful colourless often
inches ‘Liwig), shining weodles, havi slight i
4 long wig) Long noe los, ing ight vi

tint when I posed, as by exposure to:

colourless after pet between bibulous paper, (Cahours & Riche.) Has

Been ar coe iots mone viel Es nt of gt imate eae

‘the eyes and lining mombrane of the nose, a which

continges for several hours or even days, if the vapour from
ated compound be inhaled. (Franklund.) Nearly inodorous w]
but before purification, has a strong odour Mike that of turnips.

ogtiariaice epar y ‘olatile ut tompera:
flasmach soya fev graica may bo expreed: t0/(ia:air for eevee
Socks wiltoatlloes of weight, (F When slowly beatod ahora
item point, it aublimes in beautiful, long, colourless noodles,

ranklund.) Dissolves epuringly in cold water and aloohol (Frankland;
urs & Miche); but when heated with water, it is converted into a
colourless oil which sinks iu the water and dissolves. (Cahours

& Riche.) The aqueous solution is decomposed oxide of
mah being = ‘ipitated and hydriodic acid fee Praskonds
Dissolves ats in boiling alcohol, and still moro in ether, A
Cahours & Riche.) Tho solution behaves with salte of silver,
morcury, &o, just like iodide of potaesium. (Cahours & Riche.)

Gi Lites Riche.) Boils at 240°, with decomposition,

COHSoE 214... 10000

Bromide, —Propared iko the iotido (Lowig); by mixing the alex

hall elisa of enol mad brine: rstand Crane y

spontaneous ip rs in long white needles ream! iodide

appearance and in chemical reactions (Liiwig, Frankland): :
‘Frankland, Sal

ee MDB cuss INSZ some 408

3 B00 renee 299 een SD

ome 47°38

= _ |

F

oxide in hydrochloric |
Seng ite ata." lei
white lamin. (
Ch ee) ed seh?
160. 41S Sree 8
5582
6-25

1674
— 100-00

‘{ Ethylene-stannethyl or Elayl-stannethyl (C*H"y'Su‘.
lymeric with stannethy!. Found among the radicals which
pratices by: water from the. cold ‘slecholis solnttacy, after Wa
hay ee the stannethyl and acetostannethyl have soparated out.
93.) By fi fractional precipitation, a partion may be obtained evuseting
ty ly of ethyleno-stannothyl, perfectly colourless, oily, and of sp. gr

Ozide. —(CN*)'Su'0. — Snow-white, amorphous powder, resem
oxide of danny ‘reals in water, sparit wlth
boiling ulcohol; more ar in ether, but op tine
thon fe in the form of an amorphous weer, With ac Sheena
salts, which are solublo in Ae par other, but mre precipitated from
thoir alooholic solutions bya lange quantity of watery » p which
distinguishes them from the he salts of stannoth yl. cee down
the oxide as a permanent flocculent Serery potash also precipitates
‘it, but rediewolves it in excess. The salta in the ny ae greasy to
‘the touch like camphor, and have a faint but peculiar odour,

~Todide. Preparation, (pp. 93, 94). oo crystallizes in thombio
tables, but frequently also in scaly and acioular erystals; wnelavun Lo the
touch aidivecy fistle. Perioctly losolable Jn woler, gt cally soll
in alcohol ether.

Liwige
ADM to 1990
owt 402

$2 Corrmereemernansmnere

ct?) arene

Bo deAbe oii tclsuaes sieoet {f elker st poy bu satued

ing the mixture of the nitrates with
othero-aleoholic.

‘also page 95.) el Gee to decom.

sen fans

= 200
Mo IZ ne 1367.
(CHPEWONO® woos, 385 me 10000

‘J Methylostannethyl, (C'')'Sn',

be perma Sp. gr. 1/090, Rosembles the iodide
: proporties Atm

Bromate, — Similar to tho iodate.

Ohloride, — Obtained similarly to the sats and bromide. Tt like

wise separates immediately on the addition of hydrochloric acid to the
alcoholic solution of the ee ee claro

Seo eg amore powerful odour and. a gee vote ity
bromide. 1320, Miseible in all with
Mees cee

Taig,

itrate,— Obtained by addi: ing dilute nitric acid to the alcoholic
solution of the base; agitating with ether; then with a sufficient quantity
ete sedtas Sa eppaakie Wala heron aclcdisn of Cn balls Ro’ efagrinel ee Oe
latter. The nti Goon names 8 8 SYTHE mA

which at
mags the form of 1 pater eee
i ionlvx really: in edo, sad’ baras wih 2 ia a eri

Liwig.

vain 20°60

Ethylostannethyl. (O+H*)'sn‘,

i

bluos red litmus
oie wefan

(CHSC a AG. 100-00
— NO! — ing ealt
prelates

Six-fourths Sannethyt. (C*H*)'Sn*1

‘Whon alcohol was added in small quantities to tho dark red ethoreal
solution of the mass A (p. 93), the liquid became decolorized, and a dark
Sirse/ant 2080 per C" and’a'i7 aod Voll, quant potty neal

4 ©. C, and 4°17 an i

Sees Che Romcte (OLE Taa tick cicleee ayaa eel caree
—Tho ethereal solution left: to evaporate in the air, yielded a whitg
Powder, which dried up toa coberent mass, probably of tho
Oxide of tho samo radienl. Dried at 100°, it yiokid 16:12 wo 184 &
and 418 to #991; the formula (C'H*)‘Sn'0, requiring 20:00¢ an
401. On dissolving this oxide inh, i diluted’ with ©
aleohot, shaking up the solution with water and other, and
the ethereal solution, m nacreous elt was obtained, containing fo
cent of chlorine; the formula (C*H*)'Su°Cl requires 7°36 p.e.—
etiginal clea ethern! solution often deposited grey powder, which was
scarcely voluble in alcohol and ether; had » pungent odours and took fry
when faming nitric acid waa poured upon it, Tt

the iodide ‘1, its annl: oss and i 156:
3°8 H, and 21-1 ? whi forall ae 592: Tee O ee 4, Fa
2131, But the quantities of these sevoral compounds obtained were too
‘mall to render these results of much value. (LUwig.)

| Plumbides of Ethyl or Plumbethyls.

Liwra. J. pr. Chem. 60, 304; Ann. Pharm, 88, 318.

‘These compounds are formed by the action of iodide of
plonbie ot etlaas, caning tela to & pi ad Ow
rosulting masa with other, an evaperatin
Recrcain« mixture of ofan! fumbides
one

=

108 RTHYEENE: PRIMARY NUCERUS CHS
pyar ne the Lice Seon up with
Soon Eee ee

oo oe to evaporate, iodide of
By mpid jeraporntiog, estas paailp residue is obtained,
ig pe br odour; and likowise yielding a deposit of iodide

on ease te Spoaanes
Agel] vom innate -contafan 36°11 ‘ye, 6,370 H. 36-38 Pb, ond 3416 fy

rly with the formula LHP ie |, which
ia ae EyMcselore wa ssi ri

Bromide. — Obtained by adding an aleoholie solution of bromide of
potassium to a solution of the safphase in alcohol containing sul he

eis tating the whole with ether; then with water to

etherval volation; and evaporating tho latter, The bromide thon ples

in long needles,

19:20

£00

5oM7

3133.

» 875 w= 100-00

Okloride, — Obtained by adding chloride of barium to a solation of
the mentee in alevhol containing = acid; agitating with ether;
ing the ee solution by we and lea mis it to evaporate.

Nitrate — Obtained by docerponag. the, aebolid lalate

plambethyl (p17, iat of lie. — On evaporating She ales
solution, the salt remains in the form of a colour!

ica ike br, te Srig it, td lie sna has Fc

‘a crystalline, wactuous mass, cat, wi t dotor
tulle.” Disslter seul inalcohelad fy elbes The cenbole “aon
io slowly evaporated, doposits a small quantity of nitrate of
Limig.)

1065... 1489

of Sphina Con
ferrous oxalate: in brown-coul deposits.

i aE

F-| =

a
i
‘

‘Seb
caterpillar

of the

cases

Hl
Hal

}) or (2)

by
the

si

Hhiesdiae

a
| @ FLERE ES
a

116 ETNYLENE: OXYGEN-NUCLEUS C'H'O", |

110s nt 120%, wd bat Tittle even at
Gee iiietaei ius pce co ih th : por

genie bh asst a amall
ree ad haweret and
= tens ol hy Sa re meme tuna roa 1
arp te one el th ot be rad
at # the
eee carbonic oxide to 6 .
Becca pan bent be unekly oleate a iroportion of carbonic oxide

merece
Repert, F4, 3h. —The note of lecomposition are
ioe a3) te cin Boris
or pumice-stone; but the addition of charconl pace

disturbance | nF

mixture consisting bal
Borne with a blue fae Gaal er : ma sik ig "em
Tustilde, but. the carbonic oxide evolved from it in a erica: may
‘of course be set on fire,

. AAqacous oxalic ai ie very slowly exc by -black, =
if i iabetance contains oxygon— and ret and
eurbonic acid (Ddberciner, Hea Pharm, 14, 14)

4, Dehydrated oxalic acid absorbs dry oMorine gaz, and forma with
it, without evolution of a white abate which is resolved by water
into hydrochloric and carbonle acid. The acid containing water of

zation ie immodintoly decomposed by aera, ying
ehloric and carbonic acid; 1 vol. oar Mer ers
(Dobereiner.) Hence the dr: is gscbenl SE
nition of ‘water yields 4C0® an Tee Ay chlorine i powell
fhrongh the aqueous acd, com ete dendcapoaition iene fat Sarama

hhydrochlotio acd. )

5. Bromine added to aqueous oxalate of potash or soda con!

a hte of alkali, does not act in the cold; at Betwoan a0"

50°, pure earbonic acid gns is abundantly evolved and a metallic
an (Cahours, VY, idnn, Chim, Phys, 19, 486; also J. pre nd
41,61

CIO" + 2Br = 4CO* + KBr.

6. By continaod digestion with Mitric selenite
dacctipeted [yidldiag Seton naldaod ube 5 Satledngers
‘moro Focent statomont ( it, 74, 33) that oxalic: hero

iy being nit ac i aafased; nt at al erent dhe
fakes place but slowly. (Gm.) According to Retauk (
Pinrnt 38,180), ation af freed xa ae eles
tina lbutay ealiy dconpe si alah al ae
Justre, enail mj ane
uw of orale iMeacocdlt oe

u
raid aa ger Te serpent ik

SCHO + 210% = 2000? + 10HO + 2f,

}j #00 aleo (Pogg. 93, 25).— Tho crystals:
burnt lime within a ool cabo ll a
7 temperatures, even in course: -
We Beg llr nthe frre ) At 100°, they slow!
we off all water on expotare to the air, gr. of the:
"641, (Joule & Playfair, Chem. Soc, Qu. J. 1, 121
‘Thenwsa, Bérard, Berzeliua, Bergman, Richter,
Cwo so mis 7 eT NS 10 «OT
9G remem Wav BST. Bo 73— WS W

CHO" + tAq —. 126 —. 100-00 _ 100 _. 1000 .. 100°0 _. 100 —. 100-0
Or: Prout. Hermann,

126, 10000. 10000 nan 100-0

4, Aqueous Oxalic Acid. The crystals of the hydrated acid direclyo
in 8 pts. of cold water, forming a thin, t, and colourless liquid
‘of sp. gr. 1045. (Richter.) ‘The it
in §°5 pte. at 13°9°; in qnantities at 100°, und at tho boiling
point of the solution, which ia ‘considerably above 100% in almoot any

aocrepitate as they dissolve in water. ;
Oxalic ncid dissolves in AydrveMorie and in dilue eulphurie acid,

Oxalates. Oxalic acid is one of the strongest acids, and in its alfl-
nity for certain bases, lime for example, exceeds even the strongest
mineral acids, — When common salt is distilled with aqueous oxalic acid,
A Tarse quantity of hydrochloric acid is evolved
Chim. 1,27

reinor, J. pr. Chem. 15, 817.) — The solution of
in absolute aleohol does not decompose carbonate of or carbonnte of
lime, but the carbonates of ta, atrontia, and mi Fin, nro decomposed
by it; italvo distolvosnitrate of limo dissolyodin alcohol. (Poleuze.)
driest state, iu which however they cannot
the acid oxalates= CHMO'; the:

ere are also basic exalates. If
nonnal salts will be=C'MO', the avid salts
OMOW{CH'O, &

TAWA WATE

here PE
pier | | Bill engi
1S ides ithe A
PU Raen i

Tea iar 4
ee

| : iets py ae
7 ie if He Hl eiive
Pelt

ETHYLENE: OXYGEN-NUCLEUS CHFO*,

tind
uealtered

jim, Phys, 4, 93; aloo Ann,
25, 84.)

Hyperacid Salt, Crystallizes from the aqueous solution of equal
Pivdciled culo nad and crystallized acid oxalate of ammonia.
ine form and in composition, it resembles the oarresponding
Graham), exhibiting only a slight difference in the angles.

The ci efflorecco at 100°, giving off 15°4 por cont

of water, ‘They dissolve readily in het water. (Rabourdin, ¥, J.
6, 187.) Specific gravity of the crystals, 1-692. (Joulo &

Dried at 100°,
48
u

rae
128

CU, NEVO"... 197.

Crystattioed,

169
GRE

200...
CAMNHQO“CHIO*+ 4g 233 see 10000 case, 100000

Oxalate of Potash.—a, Normat—Salt of sorrel is heated with water
and carbonate of potash, till the liquid becomes slightly alkaline; the
solution is then filtered and cooled to the erystallizing point, Accordi
to Wenzel, the eryetals aro rhombio and six or more-sided prisms will
oblique diliedral summits; according to Prevostaye (NV. Ann. Chim. Phys,
4, 453, the memoir being accompanied by « figure of the crystals), they
belong to the oblique priswatic system and exhibit a complicated form.
According to Rammolsberg, they aro octchedrons belonging to tho
oblique pristmatic eystem, (vid. Pegg. 93, 27, where the meneurements of
the angles are given.) {.— The crystels have a cooling bitter taste and
effloresce when heated. (Bergan) ‘They contain 2 At. water. At
100°, they quickly become opaque, but do not give up all their water till
heated to 160°; in a anoist atmorphere, the dry residue again takes up
10°68 per cent of water, (Graham.) As Bérard found much moro
water in the crystals, it would appear that there are two kinds to be
distinguished, ‘Tho dry salt leaves carbonate of potash when ignited.
Mixed with an cqual weight of pulverized antimony and iguited for 10
minutes in w covered crucible at tho heat of a blnst furnace, it leaves
antimony con sniog stssiam The crystals dissolve in 3 pta, of cold
water. (Thomeon,) Sp, gr, of the bibydrated erystals=2127. (Joulo
& Playfair.)

Walt he

1

AANA

a

i] eae
scar ee

Aue 5

ay Re tt 3 fis ee fT
a cna af
a ieee ct
Hit al gute eh
a alee
HRI

Hil ae
a wee

With 2 At. |
~— 10000

i

granules, |
88.)

CBP FAG econ BR

1818, i

Conte pirate aan cli pe peer
ts
CIBPOR+ LAG ey 24S poe 100-00 mere 100-00

Oralate of Baryta,—«. Normal.

ff

ETHYLENE : OXYOEN-NUCLEUS

f which must be bet
Tonge ny nil rato
cunt of oe when

to 250°, at which tompera
unity given of i 2428 pc, (L4-AL) The i

3 epage, absorb waler again fr the ar, without deliquescing,
=a syidrachlorie acid wi iit effervescence, shi thet

Iva eon decomponed Uy th et.” But when reat wih
foe aved ta Eas calla ‘anti thoy ar immediately revo iat
able say of ealsiam and lime. (Pritescho,
pty

Tingaede sia takes oxalic acid aes
ante as sain tg) “tn eae sa formed by digesting carbonate of

aquoous oxalic acid, a a8 precipitating the aqueous
Mita th ncaetmaesalt Sith, wore soatale sau polaal ‘The lier
mixture, when lefi wt rest, docs not prey ibe! oxalate of
after n considerable time, but if strongly agitated, deposita it inn i
seconds. (Gay-Enasac, dwn, Chim, Pays 70,431.) The ame componnd
toe nah a mixture of the aqueons wlations of aie or liydro-

eb) lorate of and salt of sorrel, by id 03 of
Semaining io eclation, (Grabam,)—White powier— the hse

which contains 4 At. water, loses after drying for several days over font
water-bath, ovly 232 percent, and at LaS°, altogether 342

wator; tho remaining portion of water appears not to go pore
Seiad Tee aes apa oy hoat, tiga leaves
magnesia (roan charcoal jergman.)— It is but

in water, and even on tho addition of Salts noid, Weoomes more
soluble, according to Bérard, aud according to Graham not at all.

Déarde Grotam. — Thomson,
2703 omer 2759 sume 2799 ome BIE
48-65,
2432

CMPOT+4Ag — 148, 100-00
ape mere? tn fede 200%, Grahana the alr-dried salts

Oxalate of Me and Ammonia, —a. With excess of the Ammonta-
‘elt, — Obtained by satnrating a concentrated solution of normal oxalate
‘potash wit of

haope a
oxalate oft it
20)
reer
t and dissolve both in hot and in cold water,
" ch “tke: fom of

”

WAN

\

WANN.

ETHYLENE: OXYGRN-NUCLEUS
Onalate of Thorina and Potash. — White}

Oxalate of Zirconia.— Oxalic acid and oxalate of ammon’a throw
down white flakes from solutions of eas procipitate,
after drying, has the colour of opal, It is not soluble in water er ia
boiling aqueous oxalic acid. (Dubois & Silveira.)

ged Rear pintene tated in the form of a teas, O2
ling an aqueous huis at eaten salt mixed sean ach.
(lant) ee tn be contained in. tha ged eeiod fa

0 dried precipiate imparts to moiat Jitmus-paper
int, which nearly disappeat
excess, ‘of aqueous Tap Sp and

uno
oo
12H

TZTO*LOTION+ 124g 700... 10000... 10000
Ovalate of Tantalum, — According to Wollnaton, Rapparees

recently raged hydrated tantalic acid; ing to Gubn, Borse~
Bus, and Bgeerts, oxalla ncld dieolres only & traoe, bos alt of wetnel 608
Telling Meat Ginslvon im mouaidarable quality, firma a eslatriaee ales
ti ) from which alkalis throw down tho tantalie acid, If the ee
in salt of sorrel also contains tungstic acid, and is saturated while
scidifes on cooling, in 9 milk-white jelly se becomes Knged. with
when pioce of tin or zinc is iaamersed Berzelius.)

Molybdous Ovalate. —Dark groy precipitate, which inns black when
dried, = Sr tratiigly sidabla ia exes par acid, (Berzelius, Pegg.
6, 379.)

Molybdic Oxalate, — Crystalliaes in blacki#h blue Fria te ate
aqueous solution is left to evaporate spontaneously. From
in water, which is red, ammonia throws down a palo tence Dats
insoluble in oxcess of ainmonia, (Borzelins, Pogy. 6, vie

Oxalate of Blue Oxide of Molybdenum. — Blue solution, which leaves
a Ulag mare when evaporated, becomes green when diluted with » small

uantity of water, but brown on being mixed with a large quantity,
tit (Hoyer, Cretl, Ann, 1784, 2, 14.)

Oxalate of Molybdic Acid. — sbdie acid
fe eed ie ee whet tie

ee

fied:

fae

E

:

Hill

a ail

heed

‘lle
neue

portion of which

fie

b, Normal. — Formed

by the action of cold aqueous oxal
metallic cobalt 3 on other

nis ‘acaraced wich methylamine,
Ye sraporaced 1 a svrupy consistence,
sabetance precipitated
en. Jf psaince of ime. correspond-
ae RF ger smc af CEC: she preceding formula
The sut wtem mBieeond w dry distillation,

S vomei, we

ding
cat ammonia fate water and oxamide, 088
whan cxamide ,Waru).

the salt a with a
alresiy contains. Crystal-
deposited from its aleoholie
ni to 180", it is resolved into
CHINO! (Wart, ¥. dna. Chim.

af — Obtained ty saturatirs ethylamine with
oxalie acid. The a, whea evaporated, yields the salt in right
rhomboidal prisms with trineated summits,

Wart.

RCE. 49°00 4023
WH ; 9-01
1533

40 35:13

CXCHYN FO? - 100-00 ....... 100-00

‘Thin ralt in s readily decomposed by heat in the eame manner as oxalate
of ainmonis, giving off 2 At. water, "and forming Ethyloramide:
(CFL"N20" = CPH™N*OS + 4HO.
Ethyloxamide.

= C{K, CHO" KOC? + CHO,CO*,
aryieait egal ons tae ences entalony sent SS
It ay it
fo ienai A Dale gale pA ee peer
the aqueous solution of the potash-salt is boiled with chloride
ie eile fers Boley smh eae
jueous with acotate or wi ito
Salis or capo, etie whos healed pratt he cea eae
of the heavy motal. In contact with ‘of copper, the
aijoatis ache ylalda slo! and soupria Oxalate'y

2. Sulphur-nucleus, CHPS*
Bisulphuretted Vinic Ether. C's'o=CH's\HO.
Maxagourt (1839). Ann, Chim, Phys. 70, 354; also dnn, Pharm. 82,29.
Birulfovindither, Schwefeiiither, Ether sulfurd,
When sulphuretted.

small th
i water and sink

i
|

a
i
i
i
=f
f
Hi
fc

iu
i
i
:
i

E
iE
i
i
a

i
fel
fel

i
He
Hill

2. Three parts of bromine are
alcobol contained in a bottle; about
hhoat; the ro

Blycocol with Chloride of Sodium, — Cryatallizes after some timo from
& concentrated aqueous aolation of glycocol and common salt which has
been auixed with absolute alcohol (Iaraford).

5 with Baryta, — Whon glyeocol is triturated with hydrato of
arytenoid tafeds Wbchs” Gt Balog salt Weick Wald
‘at rest, yields afters while crystals of thia compound (Horaford),
Gllyeocol with Chloride of Borinm. — A solution of 1 At. chloride of
barinm and 1 At, glycocol in hot water, yields rhombic prisms on cooli
Gd fat nesdles by precipitation with clechol. Tho eal, s bitter, neut

and permanent in the wir; contains 55°34 p.c, chloride of barium, so that
Hsformula in BuCl,CNH°O HO. (Horsfori).

Nitronaccharate of Baryta, — 138 pts. (1 At.) of nitrosaecharic acid
dried iu vacuo, supersaturated with baryta-water, and then freed from
excuse of buryia by carbonic acid aud ‘boiling, retain 102 pls (uearly
Tf At.) of biryta fo: combination (Mulder).

s with Bime. — Glycoco! boiled for some time with carbonate
of limo dissolves a considerable quantity of lime (Dossaignes).

Nitrosaccharate of Lime. — Aqueous nitrosaccharic acid saturated
with carbonate of lime, yields on evaporation noedle-shaped erystala,
Which are permanent in the air, sparingly soluble in water, aud when
arr ‘on rod-hot coals, first melt in their water of crystallization, and

ion deflagrate like nitre (Braconnot).

Witrosaccharate of Magnesia. — Unorystallitablo, deliquescant ; when
thrown on red-hot reals’ intocnetees atrongly, detonates slightly, and
Teaves a brown, arborescent, tumelied residue (Braconnot).

Glycocol with Chromate of Potash t— An aqnoous solution of glycocol
and bichromate of reat ad with absolute aleobol, woe ‘ylelda
yd which even when left in the liquid, decompose in a fow days,
with separation of carbon (Horsford).

F Glycocol with Zinc-oxide, — Zinc-oxide dissolves readily in a hot
solution of glycocol, and the liquid on cooling, yields laminar oryetals
Having sis Tot ‘The crystals dried in the air contain 9575 pc,
ine oxide; the formula C'NH'O4,Zn0 requires 36°07 po. (Dessnignes). T

Nitrosaccharate of Zinc, — Zinc dissolves in nitrosuccharie acid with
‘evaluation of hydrogen, and forms a erystallizable salt (Braconuot).

~ F Glycoeol with Cadmic Oxide. —Cadmic oxide forms with glycocol
‘acompounl very much like that which gizeoal Korat cee
ey taining 45°82 pe. C10; the formula CNH'O‘CdO requires
5:94 pic. (Dossaigues). 1

edi =
— ‘Co Sauer je

soon patty ues it haste on
weston the the ly Fait tne sul seearilad gala ce coal sain white, elk
ea aes blacken bk exposed tall og ooated
ee =a 14 same effect takes places ut 130°, gh ee pee
‘no water is given off (Balard),

vr 100-00 manne 10000

| Methyloxamio Acid. C'NH"0*=C'N(H'Me)0%.
Wentz. ¥. Ann. Chim. Phys. 30, 465.

Acid oxalate of methylamine heated to 160° is resolved into 2 At.
water, and 1 At. methyloxamic acid (p.172): -
CXH.CHN)O" & CININO' + 2HO.

jo acid the boty of the retort, and
ee iiulian waste mite rng tli nat th ek

quantity i atoed | is howevor the greater
of the acid salt is resolved b; Tie best ato repeat acid, carbonic
gent neutral oxalate of methylamine, and the latter is subsequently
into methyloxamide (p. 205). As soon as this product appoars,
tesaemnet the jane and treat the residue with w little

een

Warte,
we 29D acne BG
4

=

om

a7

Cloce. ‘Malagati, ——-Cahonrs.

Same 14°78 nemee 346)
530

AGereristcisenniie 240 aw 14°80
Mi. 100 803

boa)
6o11

CNEPCPO? 0.0... 1622 2. 10000 acer 1000 irene 100°00

Decompositions. 1. Chlornecetamide, after fusion, ins to turn

brown at 200°, and boils completely between 238° and si The vapour

@ tube heated to dull redness, yields carbonic oxide,

‘carbonic acid, chlorine, and volatile chloride of cyanogen, wor with a

tmall quantity of phoegono, bosidee eal-ammonine und charcoal. ‘The

decomposition place in several ways, as shown by the following
‘equations:

CNIFCPO! = 2CO + 2HCL + CNC;
CNIPCPO! = Cl + HCl + HO + CO + CNC + Cy

moreover, the HO thus produced may convert a portion of the chloraceta-
amide into chloroform and earbonate of ammonia. (Malaguti, wid. inf.) —
‘Q/Chloraoetamido eoaled up n with & email quantity of water ina
tbe, and heated {0 100° [it should perhaps be 200%, ia resolved into
‘chloroform and carbonate of ammonia:
CINIPCIO? + 210 = CPHCP + NH" + 200";

‘The formation of chloroform is by no means preceded by that of chloraco-
tate of ammonia; for, if the tube be heated to 130°, the chloracetamide is
found to be «till unaltered, wherens chloracetate of ammonia heated with

is resolved into chloroform and carbonate of ammonia between
112° and 115" (Malaguti).

3. Chlorine gas, when dry, doos not act upon chloracetamide, even in
‘tnshine; but in presonce of water and in eunghing, it forms chloracetamic
acid C'NHCVO®, which, after a fow daye cublimea in the bottle in long
needles (Cloez):

CNIPCPO® + 2Cl = CINIICKO? + HCl
4, Whon dissolved in dilute nitric acid and evaporated, it Teaves nothing
but terchlorocetate of ammonia;
CINEPCPOE + 2110 = CNINCPON,

5. Similarly, when chloracotamide ia dissolved in aqueous ammonia,
which takea place slowly in the cold, quickly with the aid of heat, it
takos up 2 At. HO, #0 that the solution, when evaporated, yields

of torebloracetate of ammonia (Malaguti). — 6. Tritarated in

seers is insoluble in Water (Cloor); very
medre acaiy tx est ai very Walp in RM ae

XAPCVPC inn BOK ca 100-00

e X@Cu'Cl, digolving 1 At. XdOu'Cl and

2 gab sier Ac icp nt ct el aan ‘to
ition

of: tami nh three paris; convert two ren the pe sere

‘the method above described; thon add the Inet of the xant
Seithe ae Saati! tani tha BRU RY seam
== 2. Au aqucovs solution of Feel ia ly acidn-

gio an jd in small portions

frm arin es eds thia inate then dined ia
Sicrate Pel to neonate

ot a wich fe me conslat of the compe li

‘dinsolv sal, cithor cold or warm, ‘The alcohol may be
‘to the boiling point without decomposition. Potash and ammonin
added to tho solution exhibit tho samo exec aa with 6. Carbonate
of ammonin produces a white precipitate insoluble in excces. Sulphuric,
aul nitric acid, sulphate of soda, and nitrate of silver,
Sein inion no ahonuc in ct Todids wp ps

te pores lop solutions ie or white,
produces no precipitate in the cold, but at a
down copper, and liboratoe xanthamide (Debus),

Aled... 10000

2 — Obtained by dissolving 1 At. XdCu*Cl, and from
B to 4 At, Xd, in so tepbi rao lution to ce Lurge,

HPERGE

CNH SOCWONF 227... 100-00
sco un yao nal he aay ton ek
‘compound ‘more than 1 At, Xd to 2 At. Cu%Oy8*
compound ¢ See cay heated tubo. NS
ni Seems ras soptt whee simmesee ta hot wal rae ned
xnnthamide dissolves it realigeand ps
Brite store above-mentioned compound richer in ay pati _

ia producer the compornd XC
‘XA,CullyS* + HCI = HCyS* + Xacuicl,
| fermen ola eta ‘a red solution; the

of nero

rsloumrone aes ctaat ydrosulphooyanic
compo! ee ibs with cuprous sulphocyanide tum
ee he eee ‘not yot examined

relation of amthamise forms with Mercurie eAloride pb yen i!
. partially soluble in water and alecibol. Who examined by the
ta. It contains 12 At. mercury to

——EEE== =

§ GacopYLIc ACID, > 33h

ee mtg TT tig
4 et
%

Hw
Co

Mercurie Cio ve — A solution of recentl; tated merenric
oxide in excess of concentrated eacodylic oye ‘spontaneous

capitals whos atl ie mer yi lngtider wilt stinking pret

containing alkarsin; dissolve but partially in water and alcohol
Bore oer Tnsie ant. oi :
Cacodylate of Mereurie Chloride, — Dy mixing tho alcoholic solutions
i i les are obtained,
to whito delicate needles, either by romaining in the liquid.
Miaiion gtll vies beats tod woo recred at's Ligh
ost when beat br

es EV Mth ot azecnleal odocn Bydneblisionad
Cale. according to Gm. ‘Bunsen.
240 a SBT ewe SBD

18°35,
wn be

7-83
48-92 4784
Ws 2054

436-2. 10°00 408°. 100-00,
his calculation, not 24°35, but 21°60 p.c,

Bunsen obtained chlorine, because,
aetna ett bai y recite ery eet but a 11065. Ac-
to Bunsen, the compound ix a cam mercarie axis with perchloride of
Sesh EO Ht Saige rossi cf meta

of Silver. —a. Monobasic. A solution of silver-oxide in
io acid ii ixed with excess of silver-oxide and evapo+
mited to Ct ied the residao dissolved in hot aleohol, and the filtrate
‘cooled to the crystallizing point.— Long, vory delicate noodles united in
fimted mazes, inodorous und permanent in tho air, They blacken by

re to light; may be to 100 without decomposition or loss of
water; but o temperature a little above 100°, te Ars off vapours like
alkarsin, which fire in the air, while silver from arsenic is left
Behind, " Dissolvea very roadily in water,

‘Bunsen. —

Cale, according to Gerlardi. dried at 100%.

4 ~ 988 98S
30°86

V4 ee 249.
FA cwwne 4790
O88

He B8i3

— MHEACRTIC ACID,

4 Thiacetio Acid. omnsor=OH'jg:,
RE: Proceedings of the Royal Society, 7, 38; Ann, Pharm. 90,

Sulphuretted Acetic Acid, Thiacelatiures

Pe eae teroulphide or peutasulphide of pooploc
SCO! + 2PS? = SCHSOF + 2PO8,

and
SCHINO! + 2P5* = SCHHIS'O! + 200%,
Alto

in small quanti haere accondary action, on distillat aeotato

Gt eoda with petiectlenite of Beanies

less peal slabs Hn water. Boils at bunts 93°. Has w
‘@ that of sulphuretted hydrogen and acetie acid

G the
wu, BHP g jerhurdt's atomic weights (VII, 17), writes the formula of

‘Thincetle acid is decomposed losion by strong nitric acid,
Peatachloride of phospheras acts Perel oe ie formiag ehlotoadl=
Tlie a pap hire of bung (CHK0Y Cl), an Rydrostlorio
CHO’ s+ Ph = PICP + CHOYCL + HCL
‘The acid dissolves potassium, and likewise zinc when hoatod, with
ion of hydrogen. ‘i

=~ — "7
OTL OF GARLIC, ‘373
Jn tho borb and eoods of Thlaspé arvense, ig ovor ‘theee matters
“Src et gah amalioryar be i ie fore Bovina Aliaria
when diatilled with water yield oil of the seeds, oil of mustard
(Wertheim). ‘The bruised seed distill ion in water, yields:
mete grin i Beh
ce in ann places yields only the Jatter. ‘Tho herb and eceds
amixtare of 90 cont oil of garlic, and 10
bracts The herb and seeds of is amara likewise yield a
‘mixture of the two oils; and very small quantities of the samo mixture

He bined em th nao Capel Saree. Pastor, Raphanes
Te shan te wo ol of mi lth err pac of the

ee net te ees nee eee tho oils do
‘exist rouly formed. Tiseindy, ica eat eect ae ne
if bofore tion with water, they are re heated to 100", or troated with

Peapt ara loan aot cl of patie or oll of users To spas
‘not oil of at mm

il yet ditiegaieh with nccurney, the mixture may

eee deve tk ra ae a water: thiosinnamine

residue, an ae istillate neutralized with

itatod
‘pil being accelerated by ae tho oil of mustard imme-
asad ov with water; and tho quantity of oil of garlic deter-
mined from that of the platinus ‘ipitate, Ie the distil
immedintel, the oil of mustard is decomposed i
‘colbert of hide of There teae and the precipitate somowhat

;
r
=

— By er iff ort pop a ls of al
vium, in tho ee fie wreceiay of oxide of
(compare also Oil of

a. Of crude oe By dictilling bruiecd garlie~
oman Darga ill Tis’ at janeclenegia the first
Spetimet oer, uct amounting to 3 or 4 oz. from 100 pounds
he Them \pineper tte remcne l aa
ieee cerry iy of cil in solution, and eerves therefore for
‘crude oi! is heavier than Hie" Sem at
has a most intense odour of

PACU.
19S. 1997
ow 206 ue SE

52°66 ne 5209
« 25°53

soos 100700

Palladiun-precipitate, 2013, 9PIS, — Precipitated on gradually
acing pore ol of gai to aqueous ital of alla, wich mat
To in excess, On miei halen saiiny f the two bin ho
me jitate is obtained, but mixed wi ium, Wl ft
Releeetatiam ty iedata hn ey
a Kermes-brown precipitate, much like the platinum
Epesi dese ail falas wally yl sicy ing haha fal ata el
Bea te Tieeiaia, wher bartels toes ae aes
dour of ol of gai a ‘mote strongly hentod, it burns away with n
glimmering Tight, fay tdoue of elpbicoss
fo palladinas. Tt ia rapidly oxidiaod by farming 1,
Feat of slpare ni Tid insoluble iv water aad sleobol (Wer
theim)

Wertheim.
2224

waz
AOL

921-9... 100-90

‘The formation of this precipitate probably takes place in the manner
represented by tho following equation:
SOUS + 3(Pd0,NO*) = 2CH'S, SPS + ICN + 3NOS

When an alecholio solution of oil of garlic ia procipitated by execes of
alcoholic nitrate of palladium, the liquid above the precipitate is of a
doop ruby colour, and does not deposit any metal, even after a consider
able lapse of time, probably because the excess of nitrate of palladium i

rotected from xpduotion ‘by the aleobol, ‘by. wntert ing into combination
with the oxide of allyl simultancourly formed (Wertheim).

With protochloride of paladin, s ‘sulphide of allyl forme a fire-yellow

precipitate, probably a compound of a tulphuraclt with @ chlorosalt
(Wertheim).

Sulphide of allyl dissolves readily in Alcohol and Ether (Wertheim),
‘There toben peepee doble: which sublimes when oil

of mustard is heated with persulphide otide (Worthen). and is distinguished
by an extremely intone odour of Asa foctida (Wertheim).

Pi LE (Hew the eed slaacene (mellone) prepared from
aria sa calea aSoae sosveeNR PSL

Laurent & Gerhardt,

ONS... 92... 100-00 CRM 67 .... 100°00 CENTAF 201 wn 100-00
Laurent & Gerhardt’s formula fs Vulokel’s trebled.

Analyses by Laurent and Gerhardt.
a o © a.

‘ee
u..

100-00 10000

Ape his Cette on the ae = ue rude ee
i Lecargen oeyanogon, with oxide o! whi
ie Sense 0 nes

prepared
from pseudosulphooynnogen; 6 from ammolin; ¢ from ammelide, and d
from shlorocyanamnsde. Tho crode mellona 6, 9, analyacd by. VElsksl,
was obtained by variously long ignition of pacudosulphocyanogen pre=
rol with wt acd & ik mboersal of ara and chlorine

5a anic acid; 1 from poliono (ie, from
The reelduo obtained by heating alpsseneaite of ammonium); m and m
from «ul jo of mercury.

Decompositions. Mellone heated in a closed vessel is gradually but
lay Aiea into a mixture of 1 vol, nitrogen gas and 3 vol.
ine ON! = 30N +N,
It ie rosolved hereby into nitrogen, cyanogen, and bydrocyanic acid
(Vlekel):
CNT = CNH + ON + N.

When mellone obtained from ammelide or ehloroeyanamide is ignited in
a tube, it di completely, giving off vapours which omell
ammonia and hydrocyanie acid, and t first w red, then a yellow, and
lastly a red-brown sublimate. The sublimate gives off ammonia when

|

Anhydrous Sait,
‘Calculution, according to Lichig.
BC. 1341
oN 1913

yaaa” AB oon
70

sof

CANARIO. 366 ome 100-00 ON HAG! 37. 100-00
ile. seconting to Henneberg. Cale. according to Laurent & Gerhardt. Liebig.
72 2. 13-26 13°95
93. 1805
os O15,
59:07 98-30
asa

100:00 CENMHAgSO" 541

%. Mydvated wait, dried at 100°.

Hennes
Calculation according to Henneberg. —_Caleulation according to Gerhardt.* berg,
72 a. 12" we ree

CENTHAQIO'+2Aq 561 10000 C*NHAG*O'+2Aq 559 10000 G

‘Tho carbonic acid and nitrogen evolved in the combustion of the silver-solt were
‘Dy volume as 8 = 5 (Lichig),

According to Volekel (Ann. Pharm. 62, 97), the samo potash-salt is
obtained, together with a small quantity of cynnurate of potash, when,
instead of mellone, poliene (% ¢ tho residuo obtained by gently heatin
Geliplihparddaioi-earicalan) Se diesslyed iin baling’ poles: There

from the potash-salt by a ripe acid, is white; crystallizes
from hot water in shining needles; and in the state of aquoous solution,
roddens litmus slightly. —Whon heated in a glass tubo, it omits a white
fame, then gives off ammonia, and leaves a yellowieh residue, which
prndtally dimppears, with ovolution of cyanogen, Tt dissolves sparingly
a_cold water and alcohol, but with tolerable facility at « boiling boat.
The aqueous solution forms » white precipitate with nitrate of silver,
cs sues for the formation of this acid from poliene is, according to

‘élel

ACN + 1210 = SONN*H*O! + ONT

If tho heating of ‘Peeadonalphonynogen, or of hydropersulphoeyanic
acid be interrupted before the evolution of sulphur is terminated, the
residue, which contains pollene and not mollono, dissolves in potash-ley
with evolution of ammonia, oven at ordinary temperatures, and the
brownish yellow solution forms with acetic acid a greyish white gelatinous
precipitate, which is not hydromellone, but a mixture of sulphur and
ummeline. For, its solution in hot nitric acid, filtered from the sulphur,
Yields on cooling, colourless necdlee of nitrate of ammeline, which contain

mar Gerbardt (Compt, menauels, 6, 106) gives only the caloulation of the anhydrous
‘VOL, Ix, us

aE

ey cae ete ee

[Probably therefore COPbAOM 4 2 Agde

Meanie aa aa acid forms with utente of cilva,
on ition of ammo ieee
ay “with Nereis etre

heated, i¢ com ae Pages

sald ard taotalli dbs atiak Rope ngaie ta
oF the rt mentioned latent (Lie e Wa

GPAgIO" & GOOF + 4Ag.

Todinemuctous, CHT.
‘| Todopropylene. cn‘.

Brarmmor axp De Luca, Compt. rend. 39, 745,
Formation, p. 395.

Biniodide ( Somes is prepared by Corenwinder's
fare ere Se gum, pli og and ‘200. gem erm. sone in
al and evmporati vont in a current

carbonic acid, 100 gem. of ie Yodide (Pry, a aro then mixed in w ‘on
lated retort with oP ea ae, (een sti

purified and wi ln ted tli t he: wh Heo; 5 and action aided at the

ere a iets heat: about 30 grim. of ioduretted rylone

then condense receiver, which mast be kept ¢ool, Te trot

ng

is
unified ‘iatlation the ion which a over at 103"
i. by 1 the portis Bea

‘eol-

ice, ee ap. ge. 1-780 at 160°, Colontlees when first
but ray becomes coloured by the action of air and light;
flor _ change it ives off very irritating vay ‘The odour of the
ee ly preparod compound in ethes shen frat inhaled, then

21-56

209
ToS.
soem rommansonnit 169 swung 100°00
Teomeric with jodide of mesityl (p. 20).

Decomposition. 1. By the action of zino or merou: portend

Care eale ito nek, todoptop: vylene incoovetl nto propylons

(vid. .— 2. Strong sulphuric acid has no action a in tho
Era ipa a4 it at high ch sepa res, evolving = emi pani of

Sakray Fuming nitric aci it i laaantly wl with

ion of iodine, — 4. Aqucous ammonia acting for 40 hours
Tene at a temperature of 100°, ewrerters cme D
at ae ‘alkali, which appears to be propylamin i (Benttatet &

eet is insoluble in water, but dissolves in
seohet ea her (Berthelot & De Luca). T

= =F: SECS AA Cee

Semen ao SO
Teme ee Tm me OEE: le J. pr. Chm

Jreewercesme co Sremerecceaie, soc iremiompen.

= peach aunt m soe a a srmeermaed ayneces sole
weensa of wines mtr a2 exes of potash;
= wor wormar rnucua 1 csteaie acid,
aie m ce ieumigerpoomie acidand

a ar. te meee

hess: sui rc ees 1s ae Ler ytd vi,
Ts Gmocves 31 aL. prvguccams 22 tick amd Bdier \Caboars).

a Erminewacias, CBE.
Terbromopropytic Aldide. CBriP,O.
Camorns. (1847). N. 4am. Chin. Phys. 19, 504; aloo J. pr. Chem. 41,76.

Bromine is gradually added to a concentrated aqueous solution of
nestral itaconate or citraconate of potash, till no more carbonic acid is given
ef; and the precipitated oil freed from adhering bromobatyric acid by
apistion with diate potach, then washed with water, and dried in vacua.

+ Be reiec csloored, tolerably fluid oil, heavier than water, and having an
sreeable aromatic taste.

‘May be regarded as acetone in whieh 3H are replaced by SBr.
The me is tially decomposed by heut, giving off hydrobromie acid,

and leaving charcoal.
Itis potfeatly insoluble in water and in aqueous alkalis,

Je mixes in ll proportions with aleohol and ether (Cahours).
If the itaconate oF eof potash contains excess of potush, this process
plas nouther beary oll aber ts eatbon (Cuhours),

6. Chlorine-nuctens. C'CPH?.
Chlorosuocie Acid, c*crH',0'.
Mataaurt, (1846), ¥. Ann. Chim, Phys, 16, 67,72 and 82,
Acidle chloronuccique (Maloguti); Acide melactlique bichloré (Gerhardt),

Formation, From a solution of porchlorosuccinic ether in warm
alcohol, water throws down an oily mixture of lorocarbonic ether,
terchloracetic other, and CS ess ane: or. — 2. bl seeaaeh ee ee
decomposed jucous lorosuceato | potazh, in
to chloride stor of potash, and forminte of potash, —

to prevent tho est at igh onough to blackon ae ‘The mars is

then supersaturated wil Ryinatlade
See pty rpm are eae
a oil, water CS wi in
ia nn frm ofl ho tdi lissolved in Sea eitee
Reed be, til tan vance hich stands above the oil, no longer
forms a precipitate with solution of silver, The oil i then dried in vacuo
cover oil of and hydrate of it crystallizes after a
days, with separation of a little chloride of caleiom. ‘This crystalline
mass is dissolved Foner alcohol; the solution goes, docanted front

os th exytalliveverdua

eoeed by opened formed by decom~
ipesliloa ef tho alocbol; and. thia solution inaleteh lead and
open reborn
“v it. Colourloas; melts at 60°, and crystallize

n mare pou ery silky lnstze; PA Bet pen

—
"BEAL qusbaD.
Mat erTUats siete a cen a
acld washed.
ertien. é Whito, Abomi coheront, crystalline powder, which hax

Cryatals, Licbig & Wobler,,
“ 21M6
2122

3-09

46-23

100-00

Ornluric neil may be regarded ax a Uridée acid allied to the winidated acide, 4,
‘Oralie acid Page

CRUO? + CAPO" — 2110 = CNHION.
Caurent & Gerbantt, NV, Ain. Chim, Phys, 24, 173).
» ‘Tho aqueous olution of the acid boiled till it no

nn ee
longer crystallizes on cooling, is converted into a solution of oxalate of
urea; hence the name:

CONTHNO" + 2HO = CHO + CNTHKO7;
[or: ‘CAPO + 20 = CHPO* + CAMO"),

ions. The acid dissolves ingly in cold water.
It nontralizes alkalis completel: ap er ta the solution,

precipitate the oxalurio acid in the of a white powder,

Oxalurate of Ammonia. sae needles, which sustain no lose at
120’, dissolve very epatingly in col
ropeapaneeé

water, but inore readily than the

tn bot water,

Lichig & Wobler.
» 2440
28:25

Ozalurate of Lime. — a. Baste. — Obtained by supersaturating the
acid with ee or by mixing the neutral ay prapsies
of oxalate of aionin Ao ciate hori of calm, with ammonia

i latinous precipitate, which dissolves vory apari in. water,
Sree Aa aeemerianee wn!

6. Neutral. — Concentrated solutions of oxalurate of ammonia and
Gilavida of ealciar, dopoele tha onlin ohfaing treuepareat orystals, BGR
Siolve epariogiy. is. 9o80r,

Ovalurate of Silver. — Tho alkaline oxalarates precipitate nitrate of
storm hk hit ies; no dialing ha iho wate, the
ealt tos on in el ail nm los.

Setar ites robert cep altace ands en oaded, Aboat ase bo

Actonntion, leaving metallic silver (Liebig & Wohler).

ALLITURIG ACID. 443

i lurie
Si Geom G ee TT isbn dan, Oa Zige

B. Nitrogen-nucleus, C'N*H',

sen T ison perips belong tho fllowing compounds, whl howevorseqire

Allituric Acid.
Scurrerar (1846), Ann. Pharm. 56, 20.

A solation of alloxantin in water is mixed with excess of hydro-
ehloris acid, and rapidly boiled down toa small quantity; tho pulyorulent
mixturo of allituric acid and undecomposed alloxanti
nitric acid to dissolve out the latter; the residue dissolved in 15 to 20
pts, of hot water; and the solution left to deposit the alliturie acid by

Yoliowish white, bulky powder.
‘Dried at 100".

a0 sos?

3 * os
wu S253

oe 10000, 100000

prune allituric acid in boiled with potash-solution till it no
off nmmonia, and hydrochloric noid then added to the boiling oF

a elm white substance is procipitated, which, when
as at 100", containg 12-64 ae K cont KO, 28°64 ©, 18°77 N, an
and 37-70 0; hence it is porhaps KO,C°N*H“O®, — Nitric acid neither
dineolvos alliturio acid nor docom) "ead tae it, oven whon bara oF

Allituric ncid dissolves im oi of vitriol, and ia precipitated

solution by water. — Its solution ‘ ammonia yiolle the Ey aenenteats
by spontaneous, evaporation, in colourless shinkug needles (Behlieper).

» aye ua ie |

Lantanuric Acid. OHO"
Senzmrnr (1848), nn. Pharm. 67, 216.

Formation, By tho oxidation of uric acid by a mixture of potash
fd farciayanide of potas potasgiam, cs

css rar When pulverized ferricyanide of potassium
pexticon tain solntion of 10 pts, (1 At.) ee niece
oe containin, jh at 20°, tho ferricyanide quickly dissolves ax
snide, and throws down acid urate of ‘potash in oe white flakes.
Ake ar dite an il. yu of ptt Ey tpn
are dissolved, and wit rss potassium
ions being made less uently towards the
eae when tho decomposition but eontinnod till
shots ald, added to a sample of the liquid, no longer throws
41 pte. (2 AL) ile of jum anil 205,
re te of pees en ibe May eax a 20
ure acld eres i tho nacy eal with nitric acid (an

exoces would the ferrocyani ium), why

ae aut of fred ‘acid a evel een tM potash aa
nite free from tho process w: luctod out of eae of a
6 liquid os reddish, tae ontinucs for sovoral

eet cayetale of allentoin and a =a gusctity oh ks ile ek

mast ass colour when boiled, and for Gnesleas ile

il
ee
a
Hil

BErala (wilh contains wo vxallo all) ensodly cnaatral

+ (The aleohotic solution still contains # sxsall quanti raf aon ote
‘s ee eee, a ccemseneed fi in the samo manner; bat the peice
ord preteen urle acid, instead of boing treated with nitric

neutralized at a boiling heat with sulphuric acid; then
which it constantly emits an ammoniacal odour; the

= tho ferroepanita of potaium erystallized ont the
SESS
‘ fill the allantotn

ALLANTURIG AcID. 447

Lantanurate of Lead. — Precipitated on adding ammonia to an
aqueous mixture of neutral or acid lantanarate of potash, and neutral
aeotate of lead (vid. eup.).— White shining powder, insoluble in cold
water and alcoho sparingly soluble in hot water, easily in noctio acid
and basic acotate of lead,

Drie at 100% Schlleper.

Th
ing, ical <p addition of alcohol, white flakes probably consisting of an

Aqueous mixture of the ucid potash-salt with nitrate of silver
forms with ammonia a thick, white, tloceulent precipitate, which is not
altered by boiling with water, and, after drying at 100°, forms a white
powder containing 52°99 p.o, silver (Sehlieper).

Allanturic Acid. owH0'= ONAUHO404

Perouze. (1842), N, Ain, Chim, Phys, 6,71; alto Ann, Pharm, 44,
106; aluo J, pr. Chem, 28, 18,

Formation, By deccpoaing allantoia with pitric acid or peroxide of
load; by boiling it with other strong acids or oven with water; or by
heating It per s¢;— also by decomposing urie acid with chlorine or nit

ee aa theta ote eee nk at eben Ld vie
evaporated to drynosa; the ne dissolved in a small quan
water ening ammonia} the solution precipitated by aiecbed pane
viscid tate redieaolyod in water and reprecipitatod ty wotak in
ordor to extract all the urca and nitrate of ammonia, {Does not any
ammonia remain with it?)

» White, acid.
Aetg tao, i lod per se = CMN'R'O"; agconling to
= ONPH'O'. No analysis is givon,

Tho acid doliqueaces in tho nir,

Tts aquoous solution forms with acctato of lead and'nitrate of ail
thick white precipitates, which dissolve in excess of tho allanturic
and also of the metallic salts, ‘The precipitate formed with nitrate of
silver is greatly incroasod by addition of ammonia (Pelouse).

- Nitrogen-nuctens, CNH?
Cyanuric Acid. C*N*ID,0*

Ser be 2,177.
ere
Wuast ewe “Thomson Syt, de Chim. trad. p, Rifault, 1818, 2,

Cumvauiime & Lassatans, Ann. Chim. Phys. 13, 156; also J, Pharm,
6, 58; also Sohw. 29, 357; ws 7 T. ‘5, 1, VTA,
Servetas. Ann, Chim, Phys. 38, 379; also NV. 7'r, 18, 2, 148,
Ligoan be Wore, Por 40, 065) ates Map. Pharm
BiG 35 al lag. 83, 187.
Lino. Ann. Pharm. ‘0, 121 and 143.
Wourxn. Ann. Phare, 62, 241,

oy ee Cyanureneiture, Acide pyro-urique, Aciile
= for a tine also, Cydasaury, Acide eyanique, esierys

ey found it to saber benzoic fy For vit it aa
slightly mused jew W. Honry, as a = “a |, a view ee
was confirm subscquent investigntion, decomposing
alie\ af eyussgen with watt, Borla a a 16%, sbiaied oa eld
whieh he regarded as C'NHO", aud named cyanie acid; and Wobler, in
1829, showed that thie acid was 2 idontien with ric acid, and was
also obtained as a residue by heating urea. banqueatly: Licbig. &
Wohler, in 1830, discovered the true composition of the acid and many

of its chemical relations.

Formation. 1, By the dry distillation of urie acid Geet) 2. By
heating urea to a acl ain (Wate Vil, 366). — (Fenn
tion of urea by hydrochloric acid Ne) ar by chlorine eras
B. In the decomposition of ead eho ido of oyanogen, C°N*CD, by
(Serullas):

CONICE + 6HO = CNIHIO' + 9HCI

4. By boiling melamine with nitric acid, a vi acid with oi! of

vitriol (Lieblg, Popy, 24,583 and 008). me 1 pt, of ammolide

for six hours with 60 pts. of water and a peabody phosphoric, sul-

secre or nitria acid, about suilicient to ve tho ammelide, the
ebulltion boing eontinned til the Liquid is no longer prospitaied ad by
ammonia, after which it wi yiek 'y evaporation, oryetals

eyanuric acid. Also by boiling » of ammelide for an es we i
of dilute potash (Knapp, eo "harm. 21, oy. —6. By the

‘of aqueous hypochlorous acid on hydrovyanic acid (Balard),

Preparation. When uric acid is out epg rely rm orn
of nie ies ly sublimes, and partly passes over towards the
together with the watery liquid, To free it from creat

Vou. 1X.

| ions

7
476
CONUS... 126 we 100-09 CENMA ee 235 ne. 100°00

with melamine (¥ickel). Ax a verification of his analysis,

Valet Should have dcr the ‘yolume of the earbonie acid
ve
pibsoge go ebinad by coatenion (Lae : aaa oa

; itions, 1. Polione when heated, swells up, gives off ammo-
nia, and iy converted, first into certain intermediate products, among
which must be reckoned ammelene = C*N*H®, and then into glaucone
[ostlene] = ON'H, — 2. By boiling with strong, bydrochloria acid, it

resolved into ammonia and ammelene, aud by cold nitric acid of ap. gr.
15, or by oil of vitriol, into ammonia and ammelide, and finally into
ammonia and cyanuric acid, [For the equations see melamine, which behaves in
‘the same manner}. — 3. Polione dissclves ark in strong boiling .
‘with evolution of nmmonin; if the liquid be filtered before the poli
entirely dissolved, tho filtrate yields on cooling, a heavy whito granular
Eee, which, besides nitrogen, contains 30°00 p.c. Cand 4:05 H, and
therefore identical in composition with Licbig's pure melam, But it is
mixture of undecomposed policne oe and ammelene (C*N*H*),—~
which are extracted by repeated boiling with water, and ited as tha
liquid cools, — nnd of undocomposed albene, which, besides N and 0,
contains 29-48 p.c, C and 3°84 H, and yields by combustion 6 vol,
carbonic acid gas to 6 yol. nitrogen, and ia therefore = O™N”H9O" Th
war formed by neces of BHO to 2C*N'H" (poliene) with evolution of
2NH* Albee, by continued boiling with dilate potash, is ultimately
converted into ammeline. Henec poliene nppents to bo converted,
into ammeleno, then into albone, and lastly into ammoline, — 5. Poliene
boiled with diluto potash diszolves elowly, with evolution of ammonia,
‘The brownish solution, when highly concentrated, yields Is con=
sititiy OF opennrata. ob polaahy-of the’ potaalianll demeribed Tih
and of another body, perhaps melamine; the mother-liquor forms wit
acids a dense white precipitate of melamine, By continued boiling with
djlate potash, polione ie Sediepald converted into ammonia and cyanuric |
acid, — 6, Hydrate of potash, in a state of fusion, docomposos ‘polieno
(ike melam) into ammonia and cyanic acid: |
CNHS + GHO = SNE + SC*NITO®

Combinations, Poliene dissolves very sparingly In hot Water.
With Acids, it behavos like a weak baso; bnt oven water takes away |
all tho acid, excepting a small qnantity which may be extracted by
Ht

ia,
100 of perfectly dry policne, snturated in a stream of perfectly
ary Hiywecilorc acta igus: sl thon Goll fraus tha exower UY" 5 caine
dry alr, take up abont 28°51 pts, of the gas; 100 : 28°51 = 126 : 35925

thorefore O'N*H'ACI.
Polioue ig insoluble in alcohol and ether (Vélekel),

A compound cther = Acid + Alcohol — Water
A plycetisoesle = Acid + Glycerine = Water,

with noide See ee
ish ae alg compound
the union of 1 At, of an and 1 At. glycorino,

dened Se oat
F

;
992
2

i
:

‘The third series results from the union of 3 At, acid and 1 At,
glycerin, with separation of 6 At. water: «9.

= sco! 4 CHIOK — 6HO
= 3CHOt + COHIOS — 6HO
= sCUHMOt + = 6HO
‘Tristrarin. ont = SCPH™0' + CHO — 6HO
Trholein sense CHLMOY = SC*HSOS + OH'OS — OHO,

‘Tho bodios of this Inst series are perfectly identi in properties and
jition with the natural fats, stearin, oloin, Re. ( lot).

“(Tho bodies of the rat scrice may be regardod us glycerine in which

1. At. H is replaced peel 8 2 as glycerine

with 1 At. of an Ge tein derived: the primary.

mug of the series to which the acid belongs, by the substitution of

20 for 2H; thus, monoacetin may te toga eri in which

‘OF as

by LAL, ethyl, Cr ‘At
wh A Si a ena Cah lg) melo

CPHMOF = Cf euttagef* = CHO CHPCR
similarly, for monovalerins
CHILHOF = Cf coffrgg] Of = CHOY
‘
‘The bodies of the second series (with some
lo regarded as glycerine in which 2 At. H

2. Nitrocholio Acid. CNHO"=O°N‘XHIL0"F
Reprexnacuen, Ann, Pharm, 57, 145.

Nitrochalate of Potash, — Nitacrol is left for several days in contact
with cold dilute potash, and the mixture frequently shaken; the yellow
flton dear rm th ler roan the sine tn an
cy to tho erystallizi int at a to or ,
Grae oll of vielal uk ordinary tourparutures. (Tho yollaw'maolkertiquer,
which yields no more smells like butter, and, when treated with
dilute ‘sulphuric acid, gives off nitrous fumes, thon emits an odour of
hydrooyanie acid and yields drops of oil amelling like fat, which rise to

j@ surface, Alcohol likewiee extracts from this mother-liquor a potash-

sult containing a volatile soapy acid, —'Tho proparation of nitrocholato

sometimes fails, the potash-solution assuming indoed a yellow

colour when it first comes in contact with the nitracrol, but afterwards

bocomi suidenly viole-coloared, and yielding by evaporation, ros

coloured and violot crystals of another potash-salt, while the mother-
Tiquor contains a lange quantity of hydrooyanie acid).

Tho eryatal Rocbolste of potash: purited ky solution: iu yeabae
and slow evaporation, are of the size of peas, apparently of the form of
ferrocyanide of potassium, lemon-yellow, lustrous, and of slightly in-
toxieating odour. Whon dried in the air or in vacuo, and more quickly
when thoy barst into numorous fragmonts, which aro soattored
about, diffusing a powerful odour; tho erystals at 100%, ‘Their aquaous
solution, when boiled for some time, yields nitrate of potash, Dilute
eae acid added to the solution ge pe erystals (es ee the Peta

separates nitrous, nitric, an rocyunic acid, and a ty oil
which isos to the eurfuce (Rodtenbacher), fie

CON XPKO 404-4... 100-00 1188'S ase 100°00 seryer 100-00

‘The crystals with which the analysis was made were freed from the mother-Liquor
‘by pressure between paper.

3, Cholacrol.

Reprensacumr, Ann, Pharm, 57,145,

The heavy oil which separates out when nitacrel is treated with
anoous potash (p. 503). Tes afterwards washod with water till it be-
Sertaere sire oi, marist shan Wailer nad het fy Tatoxk

je yellow oil, hoavior than and having » put intoxica-
fing. cinnamon-like odour. Neutral, | ae

504 PROPYLENE: NITRO-NUCLEUS C*N‘X‘H'.

Decomposes at 100°, with evolution of nitrous fumes, sometiines also
with slight detonation and emission of light, whilst a emall quantity of
liquid having a fatty odour remains behind.

Dissolves sparingly in water, not very abundantly in acids or alkalis,
but readily in alcohol and ether (Redtenbacher).

of calcinm,
8...
28”

5 oe
104
185... 100-00

[Redtenbacher’s formula certainly agrees closely with the analysis, but it is very
mprobable].

ADDITIONS TO VOL VII

Page 308,

Nitrite of Methyl, C'H*0,NO*.— Obtained: 1. By treating wood-
irit with a mixture of nitric and arsenious acids. —2. By the action of
nitric acid on brucine:

CH*N?08 + 5(NO*,HO) = CH°O,NO! + CHEN‘O¥ + CHHIO® + ZNO? + 4HO.
Nitrito of methyl. Cacotheline, Orallc acid,

Very volatile, boiling at —12'5°; has an odour like that of nitrous ether,
and burns with a pale flame slightly tinged with green. With alcoholic
potash, it yields nitrite of potash. Vapour-density = 0-991 (Strecker,
‘Ann, fim. 91, 81; abstr. Compt, rend. 39, 49; Chem Soc. Qu. J.
7, 274).

Page 320.

Trimethylamine.— The hydriodate of this base is obtained by the
action of iodide of methyl on aldehyde-ammonia. On mixing a clear
solution of aldehyde-ammonis in s emall quantity of alcohol with excess
of iodide of methyl, needle-shaped crystals are formed ina few hours
even at ordinary temperatures, the liquid at the same time becoming
continually darker in colour; the action is complete in 24 hours. — The
crystals are colourless and soluble in water. Heated on platinam foil,
they are decomposed, with separation of charcoal. They emit an
ammoniacal odour when heated with potash or lime; and their solution
mixed with nitrate of silver yields a copious precipitate of iodide of silver
(Man Saenz Diez, Ann, Pharm. 90, 299).

Saenz Diez.
18-63
bad

68-27

(CHSN, HI 186. 100-00

CYANIDE OF CADMIUM. 507

Page 426,

Cyanide of Cadmium. — According to E. Schiiler (Ann. Pharm.
87, 46; Jahresber, 1853, 404); pure aqueous cyanide of potassium added
to a perfectly neutral and not too dilute solution of chloride of cadmium,

- yields a bulky white precipitate of cyanide of cadmium, CdCy, soluble in
excess of cyanide of potassium. The washed precipitate is an amorphous
powder, which is permanent in the air at ordinary temporatures, but
when heated in an open vessel turns brown and afterwards black, and
forms a brown deposit of cadmic oxido; heated in a glass tube, it dues
not give off water or form cadmic oxide; but covers the tube with a
specular deposit of cadmium. Hydrochloric acid dissolves it with evolu-
tion of hydrocyanic acid. — Contains 68°1 p.c. cadmium.

Page 25.

Cyanide of Mercury wnt Cadmiran, 2CAC. .— A solution of
eatcts ipa and meroutie oxide, in by ees i Satie
‘opaque eet prisms, nent in air and ily soluble in
cold water (Schiilor, dun. Pharm, 87, 54).

Page 97.
‘ Sulphooyanides of Platinum.

G, B. Bockrow. Chem. Soc. Qu.J. 7, 22,

hocyanide of platinum foi Ge f salts anal mate
suc ee hierpitintn ye 8

NMP US Sirus = Sc es

=MPUCys'? Meet Pest — Tho potassium-salte ¢ of th hae two

seriesare formed by the action of sulphooyanide of istinam on pera

ride or TeebTorhde of platinum respecti eer aen AML the salts

coloured, exhibitin: - shades of colour light yellaw to arp ol

‘They aro quiokly omposed by heat ‘einitting a peculinr odour.
pattie ralhechod of eulph is and di wiley au arawel

wi vation of sulphuric rocyanic and
Tee red or brown non-crystalline ihe which is insoluble in water
and inaleobol, is not attacked by orale but is coloured yellow by animno-
inous sulphocyrrnide, ite

nin, This substaneo appears to Pr
aealysisign gave 8°53 and $72 p.c, C, 992 N, 18-77 $, 62-27 and 62-08 Pk,
Desidoe 0°39 and 0°15 H, — calculation roquiring 7-64 C, 8-03 N, 20°38 8,
and 68-05 Pt, Its formation by the ee chlorine on sulphoeyano-
planate of potassiam may be represented by the equation:
XP CyS) + LIC + 16HO=PeCyS + KH(SO") + 280'4 LI HCL + 2HCy.

Ammonin attucks the salts of both series, forming sulphocyanide of
platosammoniam (p. 515).

The following tablo oxhibits the ronetions of the two suries of salts
with various metallic solutions:

X3)

SULPHOCYANOPLATINATES, 611

which crystallizes out, and sulphooyanide of potassiam which remains in
solution (p. 515).

Crystale dried over oit of vitriol.

awe

KPtCySY

Sulphocyanoplatinte of Silver. Cardy precipitate, somewhat resen-
bling sulphocyanide of silver, partially soluble in ammonia, with decom-
position, Dissolves in sulphocyanide of potassium, but the solution is
decomposed by water.

Sulphocyanoplatinite of Diplatorammonium, — Obtained, as a bulky
flesh-coloured precipitate, by decomposing the cbloride of diplatosammo-
nium with a soluble sulphocyanoplatinite. — Heated on platinum-foil, it
ives off ammoniacal gas, fuses into a black bubbling mass, and then
rns like tinder, leaving bright spongy platinum. It is quite ineoluble in
Mater and in aleohol, ‘but dilute hydrochloric acid dissolves it rather
ely.

ac 2
6H 6
an 56
4s 64
2Pt 198
PLHISN?, Pt, (CyS*) 348°... 100°00

Polymeric with sulphocyanide of platosammonium (p. 516).

2, Sulphocyanoplatinates. MPt(CyS')*,

Sulphocyanoplatinic Acid. HPt(CyS**, — Obtained by precipitatin,
a warm and concentrated solution of the lead-ealt with ulphune acide
The filtered liquid is of a deop-red colour, and has a strongly acid tuste.
It displaces carbonic acid from its combination with the alkalis, and
dissolves metallic zinc, with evolution of hydrogen and production of a
yellow insoluble substanco. When rapidly evaporated in vacuo, it leaves
2 confused semi-crystalline mass. When concentrated over the water-
bath, it is quickly decomposed, leaving a brown amorphous maas rich in

are aS

© sunomnnrnmrrnnnesine

Mereurous sulphocyanoplatinate, in state, boars a considerable:

of heat without alteration, Heated ‘tho ais-bath i betwoon
elie rth nt fle dW into a substance haying

etalfo and arboreseen! brine th ea! nomowhat like comma and

units a jot of spontanconsly inflammable gas. The arborescent substance

contains 29°49 per cont of platinum. Ne farther change i obsorved till

1S Se ge nee agile dah nh ss Bes dly it

yapours aro liberated; an » the mass,

in an 0) padi awny like tinder, leaving a Tecan of platinum,

The" salt, when subjected to distillation in aretort, yields a mixture

of ee gas and vapour of bisulphide of carbon,

See eeeetekaale of Silver. — Prepared by decomposing a solu-
tion of the potassium-salt with nitrate of en Heavy, eurdy, deep

orange-coloured precipitate, which shrinks and ngglutinutes into s tona-
cious mues when boiled with water, ‘rola ak Besieat nests 99 Rave

MB ew 43B ene DASE

381 10000

keg dry salt, when
EArt a oy Ae Re ogg oy
sous. ipo, it fuses into m metallic bead of alegs Gee, patna Nine
re lecomposes it rapidly, with formation of eulphatie 96 evolution of
ie ba psceiaitstion of a yollow eubstanco, recently
pe cold ammonia, but the solation decomposes at

a em The salt is decomposed by hot caustic
a4 ‘igen of potassium, Dinaside. of atianie and idedt
Ivor:
AgPi(CyS" + 3KO = SKCyS? + PLOY + AgO.

Tt dissolves in sulphocyanide of potassium, but on ae water to the

i
Segoe

ASPUCIS)! + KEYS! — AgoyS + KEYOYSY.

Sulphooyanite of Platoxanmoniwa. — CPN'SPt = N —
ouaiet ne Oar slea af couiaals ‘ ealpbaiypespaaeta
KPW(CyS*? + NUP = NUPPLCyS* + KES"

2, By the action of ia or earbonate of ia
By ‘ammonia or ammmoui Feb econ

PREPARATION OF OLEMANT Gas.
mated yellow flocks washed with cold water and thoroughly builed
absol
a (ieee a thus te aie ll eet tin oayoing

41x he
Py yeccsecamely Char tr cnplgse RIN
17... 100-00

Te thon that
totho baling vith water,
hydrosalphocyanic acid by

Ser fyrieek tes by Jamieson was duo
au
leer qulohidsence ie lecaaly from

Fins = beets

Page 127.

— E. W. Day; brea fo

parts
of chlorate of h, at tem —2. By the
aac a ena nee

jneons 1ypochlorous potomium at
to en is or By expesing an aqnoons solution of fecrooyanid (oF
im. a ‘The action does
i ad lio ot bean
Page 120,

‘Potassium. — This salt may be

Nitroprusside of Potassium.
by peutraliting eiupertonata oF potash the [i rater
lc of potassinm with nitric acid, evaporating pie wo
iryness, See the residue with aleohol, or better with ether und

sak and leaving the

way ae weg B Bas,

solation to evaporate, ‘Tho salt separates in

hich, by one recrystallization, may be obtained

Vierteljakreeber, pr. Pharm, 2, 230 ; Jahresber,

Pago 163,

gas,-— The intumescence which causes 99 much inconvenionee

Eis preperation this gs

with alcobl and oil of vitriol, may bo

orien revenied by ading to the mixture o sufficient quantity of

heated, scarcely an; ich anes takes the docomy
arciedaliont Yo: ths. athe end aud wen al the carbon meine ale

obtained in the

ly fluid maxes. When such a apes f
ie

rere vi thus
treated, yielded 22 mice of gus ot pun hte, iM hare, 21
L

ADDITIONS TO VOL. IX

Page 246,

Ethylacetamide, — Obtained by the action of cyanio othor on an equal
_ SS
ci Ived; and, if a
the alin fs son tran, a thero retuaics in the tube
Tiqnid, ad ee a srt off first, and the temperature then
isos to about at which point, othylacotamide i
Ta ola
Its is O42 at, Te
dissolves in all proportions in water and in ‘Teskol, and is precipitated
from its aqueous solution by potash in the cold, in the form of an oily
liquid a on tho alkaline eolution (Warts, V. Ann, Chim,
ys, 42, 53),

Ethylodiacetamide.— Prepared by heating a mixture of about equal
yolamos of anhydrous acetic acid (Baitang at 137°) and oyanic othise to
180° —200°, in x very strong glass tube hermotically'sealod, On opening
tho tubo after cooling, a violent evolution of carbonic acid takes
and the remaining brown liquid, when gently heated, gives off about 50
times its volume of that gas. On distilling this liquid, the boiling point
rises rapidly to 185°, and the greater part of the liquid over nt
‘about 193°. — Tho distillate, which is othylodincctamide, is erfectly
limpid and colourless; ite doneity is 1°0002 at 20°. (Warts, 4. Ann
Chim, Phys 42, 45).
we
un
Nx
20
en

Wi CHtO?
jonro®

‘Wortz,,
69
"95

on 10°00

ADDITIONS TO VOL. IX. 523,

solidifies on cooling in a crystalline mass, consisting of diethylurea, C!*H"N70? (p. 291).
‘The formation of this product is probably due to a secondary action, giving rise at the
same time to the formation of a small quantity of carbonic ether : thus,

2CtHINO? + 2CtHS0? = 2(C1HS0,CO%) + CHINO,

Ethylurethano is sometimes obtained in the preparation of cyanio
ether, probably in consequence ofthe eyanato of potash retaining a litle
alcobol.

Properties. — Ethereal liquid, having a peculiar odour, much like that

of carbonic ether. Sp. gr. 0-9862 at 21°, Boile at 174°—175°.
‘Vapour-density 4-071.

C.vapour
Hgas
Neges |

C¥H™NO! 117 ....

a is the mean of two anslyses made with products obtained by the direct action of
ceyanic ether upon alcobol ; 5, the mean of two analyses made with products obtained
in the preparation of cyanic ether.

Ethylurethane boiled with caustic potash is resolved into alcohol,
ethylamino and carbonic acid:

CH™NO! + 2(KO,HO) = CHO? + CHIN + 2(K0,CO%).

It mixes with sulphuric acid at ordinary temperatures, without
decomposing; but on heating the mixture, carbonic acid is immediately
evolved, and ethylamine produced together with eulphovinic acid:

C¥H™NO! + 2(110,S08) =2CO? + CHIN + CtH*0%,280%,
(Wurtz, WV. Ann. Chim. Phys. 42, 48).

Diethylurethane, C'H™NO‘1— Perhaps obtained by the action of
eyanic acid upon ether:

C°NH5O? + 2C‘H'O = CHHMNOS,

The two liquids, howover, exert vory little action, if any, upon one
another, even when enclosed together in scaled tubes, and subjected to
very high temperatures and enormous pressures. On oponing the tubes
when cold, no evolution of gas was observed; and on distilling the con-
tents the original liquids were obtained unaltered; only a the end of the
distillation, when the temporature lad risen to 200°, there passed over a
very small quantity of a liquid which might be diethylurethane; but the
reactions obtained were not sufficiently marked to identify it (Wurtz).

END OF VOLUME Ix,

FAINTED BY NARBIION AND 208,
‘LONDON GASETTE OFTICE, BT. MAKTI3'S LANE.

/