The writings of Thomas Jefferson;

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THE WRITINGS

THOMAS JEFFERSON

VOLUME VIII

1801-1806

OF THIS LETTER-PRESS EDITION
750 COPIES HA VE BEEN PRINTED FOR SALE

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April,

THE WRITINGS

THOMAS JEFFERSON

COLLECTED AND EDITED
BY

PAUL LEICESTER FORD

VOLUME VIII

1801-1806

G. P. PUTNAM'S SUN'S ' : " '• •

NEW YORK LONDON

27 WEST TWENTY-THIRD STREET 24 BEDFORD STREET, STRAND

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CONTENTS OF VOLUME VIII.

1801.

PACK

Itinerary and Chronology, 1801-1806 . . . . xxi

/Inaugural Address, March 4th ..... I

To Charles Pinckney, March 6th .... 6

Patronage of South Carolina.

To John Dickinson, March 6th 7

Victory of Republicanism — Amelioration of mankind. *

To James Monroe, Feb. [Mar.] 7th . . . ' " . 8

Inaugural address — Federalist devices — Union of honest men.

To Horatio Gates, March 8th 1 1

Patronage — Conciliation of honest Federalists.

To Thomas M'Kean, March gth .... 12

Burr — Contest over Presidency — Virginia bristling — Com-
munication of news.

To Samuel Smith, March 9th 13

Offer of Naval portfolio — Geographical situation.

To the Secretary of State, March I2th ... 14

Condolences — Cabinet arrangements — S. Smith — T. Lear —
R. Morris.

To Philip Mazzei, March I7th 15

Health — Marriage of Mazzei — Plants — Financial affairs —
Cabinet.

To Thomas Paine, March 1 8th 18

Opposition to war — Offer of passage in public ship — R. R.
Livingston.

To M. De Rayneval, March 2Oth .... 19

Gerard's land claims — Pre-revolutionary land companies.

vi CONTENTS OF VOLUME VIII.

To Doctor Joseph Priestley, March 2ist

Value of life to public — Bigotry — Christianity — Alien law —
Recent political phrenzy — Proposed convention in case of non-
election of President.

To Doctor George Logan, March 2ist

Freedom of ocean — Avoidance of European affairs.

To Nathaniel Niles, March 22d

Recent political scenes — Montesquieu's error — Convention.

To William B. Giles, March 23d ....

Patronage and removals — Changed position of people —
Federalist desperadoes.

To William Findley, March 24th ....

Safety of public opinion — Appointments — Removals.

To Samuel Smith, March 24th

Naval portfolio — Addresses — Appointments.

To Robert R. Livingston, March 24th

French convention — Secretary of Legation.

To Doctor Benjamin Rush, March 24th

Patronage — Adams's conduct.

To the Spanish Charge, March 26th .

Relations with Spain — Personal views — Yrujo's appointment.

To the Secretary of State, March 26th

Naval portfolio — Cabinet news.

To Mrs. Sarah Mease, March 26th ....

Appointments.

To Henry Knox, March 2/th .....

Inaugural address — Federalism — Removals — Midnight ap-
pointments.— Union.

To George Jefferson, March 2/th ....

Nepotism.

To Samuel Adams, March 2gth .....

Regard for Adams — Hope of harmony — Removals.

To Elbridge Gerry, March 2gth . I .

Southern compared to Northern pulse — Union of sentiment
— Removals — Clergy.

To the Postmaster-General, March 2gth

Postmasters — Removals — Midnight appointments — Good-
rich's case.

CONTENTS OF VOLUME VIII. vii

To Archibald Stuart, April 8th 46

Midnight judges — Federalization of courts.

To the Postmaster-General, May 3d . . . . 47

Regeneration of Rhode Island and of New England —
Federalism.

To Gouverneur Morris, May 8th .... 48

Public service of silver — Appointments — Naval portfolio.

To Theodore Foster, May Qth 50

Phrenzy of '98 — Midnight appointments.

To Nathaniel Macon, May I4th 51

Appointment — Republican reforms.

To George Clinton, May I7th ..... 52
Appointments — New York patronage.

To William Duane, May 23d ..... 54

Pennsylvania split — Public stationery — Duane's prosecution.

To James Monroe, May 26th 57

Callender — Louisiana and the Floridas.

To James Monroe, May 2Qth 58

Gosport navy-yard funds — Correspondence between general
and state governments.

To James Monroe, May 29th ..... 61

Callender — Public correspondence — Louisiana and Florida —
Barbary powers.

To Wilson Gary Nicholas, June nth ... 62

Barbary powers — Mediterranean trade — Missions — Removals.

To John D. Burke, June 2 1st . . . 65

Poetry — Patronage.

To the Attorney-General, July I ith .... 66

Consolidation of people — Essex junto and Federalism — Re-
movals.

To Elias Shipman and Others, a Committee of the

Merchants of New Haven, July I2th ... 67

Case of Bishop and Goodrich.

To the Governor of the Mississippi Territory, July 1 3th. 71

Attitude towards Spain and Louisiana — Mississippi Territory
— Clarke and Dunbar.

viii CONTENTS OF VOLUME VIII.

To the Secretary of State, July I5th .

Question and opinion as to prizes.

To Pierpont Edwards, July 2ist

Removals — Future political movements — Connecticut clergy.

To John Dickinson, July 2$d . . .•

Vaughan — Appointment of marshal — Republican division —
Federalism.

To Thomas McKean, July 24th

Appointments and Removals — Reply to New Haven re-
monstrance— Personal abuse — Republican discord.

To the Secretary of State, August I2th

Correspondence of Webster — Case of Bishop — Reply to
Thornton.

To Pierce Butler, August 26th

Removals.

To the Attorney-General, August 26th

Answer to New Haven remonstrance — Personal abuse — Sena-
torships.

To the Secretary of the Treasury, August 28th .

Appointments — John Page — Prizes.

To the United States Minister to France, August 28th.

Treaty with France — Possible French minister.

To the United States Minister to France, September
9th

Maritime law — Free goods — Blockade — Treaties with Euro-
pean powers.

To the Secretary of State, September I2th

French treaty — Misuse of public funds.
To the Secretary of the Treasury, September i8th .

Office seekers — Amendment of constitution — Livingston —
Health — Absence from Washington.

To William Short, October 3d .

Recall — Rule of diplomatic rotation — Republican accessions
— Hatred of European coalitions — Neutral rights — Missions —
Livingston.

Circular to the Heads of the Departments, November
6th

Method of conducting public business.

CONTENTS OF VOLUME VIII. ix

PAGE

To James Monroe, November I4th .... 101

Whitney — Gun machine.

To Aaron Burr, November i8th . . . . 102

Appointments — Fortification of New York.

To the Governor of Virginia, November 24th . . 103

Virginia resolution concerning penal colony for negroes.

To the Secretary of the Treasury, November 28th . 106

Slave ships.

To the Reverend Isaac Story, December 5th . . 107

Transmigration — Ethics.

First Annual Message, December 8th . . . 108
To Doctor Benjamin Rush, December 2Oth . . 126

Vaccination — Opening of Congress — Health.
1802.

To the Attorney-General, January 1st . . . 129

Addresses — Church and State.

To James Cheetham, January i/th .... 129
Suppression of Wood's History of John Adams — Callender.

To Wilson Gary Nicholas, January 26th . . .130

Informal appointments.

To John Page, February 2Oth 132

Offer of office.

To the United States Minister to France, March i6th. 138

French relations.

To the Attorney-General, March 24th . . .139

Abuse and libels.

To the Secretary of the Treasury, April 1st . . 139

Report on sinking fund — Hamilton's financial plans —
Simplification of public accounts.

To William Branch Giles, April 6th .... 141

Case of the Berceau.

To the United States Minister to France, April i8th. 143

Cipher — Correspondence — Louisiana and Florida — New
Orleans — Certainty of ill feeling.

CONTENTS OF VOL UME VIII.

To Caesar A. Rodney, April 24th .... 147

Federalist leaders — Delaware politics.

x To Joel Barlow, May 3d 148

Congress proceedings — Political events — Future residence
and work — Marshall's Washington.

To Charles Willson Peale, May 5th . . . . 151
Mammoth.

To the Governor of Virginia, June 2d . . .152
Insurgent negroes — Sierra Leone.

To Caesar A. Rodney, June I4th . . . .154

Removal of McLane.
To the Secretary of the Treasury, June igth . . 157

Bank of Pennsylvania.

To Dr. Joseph Priestley, June igth . . . .158

Republicanism — Jefferson and the constitution — Invitation —
Climate.

To John Langdon, June 2Qth 160

Appointments — Political changes in New England.

To the U. S. Minister to Great Britain, July I3th . 161

Unrest among slaves — Colony for insurrectionary slaves —
Sierra Leone — Emancipation.

To James Monroe, July i$th 164

Callender.

To Elbridge Gerry, August 28th .... 167

Removal of brother — Patronage — Political changes.

To Gideon Granger, August 2pth . . . .170

Bishop's pamphlets — Schism in New York.

To the Secretary of the Treasury, September I3th . 171
Effect of European peace on revenues.

To the Secretary of State, September I3th . . 171
Livingston's course and Jefferson's dissatisfaction.

To the Secretary of the Treasury, October 7th . . 172

Bank of Baltimore — Danger from United States Bank.

^

To the U. S. Minister to France, October loth . . 172

Attitude towards France — Newspapers — Callender — Political
changes.

CONTENTS OF VOLUME VII I. xi

PAGB

To the Secretary of the Treasury, October I3th . 174
Piers in the Delaware — Constitutional question.

To the Attorney-General, October 25th . . . 175

Sickness — Gain from elections — Slanders — Limit of official
partisanship.

To Thomas Cooper, November 2gth .... 176

Alexander of Russia — France's retrogression — Republican
policy.

To Dr. Joseph Priestley, November 2Qth . . .179

Alexander of Russia — Books on government — Republican
policy — City of Washington.

Second Annual Message, December I5th . . . 181

To Caesar A. Rodney, December 3 1st . . . 187
Need of men of business in Congress — Message.

1803.
To James Monroe, January loth .... 188

Ferment in west — Nomination of Monroe.

To Thomas Paine, January 1 3th .... 189

Alleged coolness of Jefferson — Demands on time.

To the Special Envoy to France, January I3th . . 190

Ferment over New Orleans — Louisiana and the Floridas —
Desires of United States — Conveyance in public ship.

Confidential Message on Expedition to the Pacific,

January iSth 192

To the Governor of Kentucky, January i8th . . 202

Memorial of Kentucky — Right of deposit — Mission of
Monroe — Resolution of House.

To P. S. Dupont De Nemours, February 1st . . 203

Friction with France — Right of deposit — Monroe's mission
Importance of crisis — Dupont's good offices.

To the U. S. Minister to France, February 3d . . 209

Mission of Monroe.

To the Secretary of the Treasury, February loth . 210

Documents relating to appointments.