Class JUI^
Book.
■A^^
'SM Qidh
SMITHSONIAN DEPOSIT
YEAR BOOK
OF
THE HOLLAND SOCIETY
OF NEW- YORK
FOE THE TWO YEAES
1892 AND 1893
PEEPARED BY THE SECRETARY
,yii
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vir'
i fi^i-
OFFICERS AND TRUSTEES.
OFFICERS
Elected April 6, 1892.
PRESIDENT.
AUGUSTUS VAN WYCK.
VlCE-PBESIDE]fTS.
New-York City Wakner Van Norden.
Kingston, N. Y Augustus Schoonmaker.
Jersey City, N. J Cornelius C. Van Reypen.
Brooklyn, N. Y Judah B. Voorhees.
Kinaerhook, N. Y. Pierre Van Buren Hoes.
Rockland County, N. Y Cornelius R. Blauvelt.
Westchester County, N. Y Charles H. Roosevelt.
CatskiU, N. Y Evert Van Sltke.
Schenectady, N. Y Giles Y. Van Der Bogert.
Amsterdam, N. Y Walter L. Van Denberqh.
Albany, N. Y Albert Van Dee Veer.
Newtown, L. I John E. Van Nostrand.
New Brunswick, N. J Charles H. Voorhees.
Bergen County, N. J John Quackenbush.
Passaic County, N. J John Hopper.
Cobleskill, N. Y John Van Schaick.
Poughkeepsie, N. Y Frank Hasbrouck.
Monmouth County, N. J D. Augustus Van Der Veer.
Somerset County, N. J James J. Bergen.
Minisiuk, N. Y Amos Van Etten, Jr.
Buffalo, N. Y Sheldon Thompson Viele.
Philadelphia, Pa Eugene Van Loan.
Yonkers, N. Y William L. Heermance.
Lansingbnrgh, N. Y William C. Groesbeck.
Camden, N. J Peter L. Voorhees.
Staten Island, N. Y James D. Van Hoevenbergh.
North Hempstead, N. Y Andrew J. Onderdonk.
United States Army Stewart Van Vliet.
united States Navy Wm. Knickerbocker Van Reypen.
SECRETARY.
Theodore M. Banta.
TREASURER.
Eugene Van Schaick.
TRUSTEES.
Term Expires in 1893.
Henry R. Beekman,
George G. De Witt,
Robert Barnwell Roosevelt,
John L. Riker,
William W. Van Voorhis.
Term Expires in 1895.
Henry Van Dyke,
Chauncey M. Depew,
George M. Van Hoesen,
Theodore M. Bajjta,
Eugene Vau Schaick.
Term Expires in 1894.
William D. Garrison,
William J. Van Absdale,
William M. Hoes,
Henry S. Van Beuren,
John W. Vroomajj.
Term expires in 1896.
James William Beekman,
D. B. St. John Roosa,
Charles H. Truax,
Abraham Van Santvoord,
Tunis G. Bergen.
COMAIITTEES, 1892.
COMMITTEE ON GENEALOGY.
GEORGE G. DE WITT,
HENRY R. BEEKMAN,
ABRAHAM VAN SANTVOORD.
COMMITTEE ON FINANCE.
ROBERT BARN^VELL ROOSEVELT,
WILLIAM J. VAN ARSDALE,
JOHN W. VROOMAN.
COMMITTEE ON HISTORY AND TRADITION.
HENRY VAN DYKE,
J. WILLIAM BEEKMAN,
D. B. St. JOHN ROOSA.
OFFICERS
Elected Pinkster Tuesday (May 19), 1891.
PBESWENT.
GEORGE M. VAN HOESEN.
VICE-PRESIDENTS.
New- York City Charles H. Trtjax.
Kingston, N. Y Augustus Schoonmakeb.
Jersey City, N. J Henry Traphaqen.
Brooklyn, N. Y Judah Back Voorhees.
Kuiderhook, N. Y Pierre Van Buren Hoes.
Rockland County, N. Y .Garret Van Nostrand.
Westchester County, N. Y Charles Knapp Clearwater.
Catskill, N. Y Evert Van Slyke.
Schenectady, N. Y Giles Yates Van Der Bogert.
Amsterdam, N. Y Walter L. Van Denbergh.
Albany, N. Y Albert Van Der Veer.
Newtown, L. I John E. Van Nostrand.
New Brunswick, N. J Charles H. Voorhees.
Bergen County, N. J John Quackenbush.
Passaic County, N. J John Hopper.
Cobleskill, N. Y John Van Schaick.
Poughkeepsie, N. Y Frank Hasbrouck.
Monmouth County, N. J D. Augustus Van Der Veer.
Somerset County, N. J James J. Bergen.
Minisink, N. Y Amos Van Etten, Jr.
Buffalo, N. Y Sheldon Thompson Viele.
Philadelphia, Pa Eugene Van Loan.
Yonkers, N. Y E. J. Elting.
Lansingburgh, N. Y. Willlam Chichester Groesbeck.
Camden, N. J Peter L. Voorhees.
Staten Island, N. Y James D. Van Hoevenbergh.
North Hempstead, N. Y Andrew J. Onderdonk.
United States Army Stewart Van Vliet.
United States Navy Wm. Knickerbocker Van Reypen.
vl
SECBETAET.
Theodore Melvin Bauta.
TREASUEEU.
Eugene Van Schaick.
TBUSTEES.
Term Expires in 1892.
Walton Storm,
George W. Van Siclen,
Herman W. Vander Poel,
Augustus Van Wtck,
Jacob Wendell.
Term Expires in 1894.
William D. Garrison,
William J. Van Arsdale.
William M. Hoes,
Henry S. Van Beuren,
John W. Vrooman.
Term Expires in 1893.
Henry R. Beekman,
George G. De Witt, Jr.,
Robert Barnwell Roosevelt,
John L. Riker,
William W. Van Voorhis.
Term Expires in 1895.
Henry Van Dyke,
Chauncey M. Depew,
George M. Van Hoesen,
Theodore M. Banta,
Eugene Van Schaick.
OFFICERS
Elected Pinkster Tuesday (May 27), 1890.
PRESIDENT.
EGBERT BARNWELL ROOSEVELT.
VICE-PRESIDENTS.
New- York City Maus Rosa Vedder.
Kingston, N. Y Samuel Decker Coykendall.
Jersey City, N. J George Clippinqer Vabick.
Brooklyn, N. Y Harmanus Barkaloo Hubbard.
Kinderhook, N. Y Peter Van Schaack Prutn.
Rockland County, N. Y Garret Van Nostrand.
Westchester County, N. Y Charles Knapp Clearwater.
Catskill, N. Y Evert Van Slyke.
Schenectady, N. Y. Giles Yates Van Dee Bogebt.
Amsterdam, N. Y Walter L. Van Denbergh.
Albany, N. Y Albert Van Der Veer.
Newtown, L. I John E. Van Nostrand.
New Brunswick, N. J William Hoffman Ten Eyck.
Bergen County, N. J George Frederick Schermerhoen.
Passaic County, N. J John Hopper.
Cobleskill, N. Y John Van Schaick.
Poughkeepsie, N. Y Frank Hasbrouck.
Monmouth Coimty, N. J D. Augustus Van Der Veer.
Somerset County, N. J Lawrence Van Der Veer.
Minisink, N. Y Amos Van Etten, Jr.
Buffalo, N. Y Sheldon Thompson Viele.
Philadelphia, Pa Eugene Van Loan.
Yonkers, N. Y William L. Heermance.
Lansingburgh, N. Y William Chichester Groesbeck.
Camden, N. J Peter L. Voorhees.
Staten Island William Prall.
North Hempstead, L. I Andrew J. Onderdonk.
United States Ai-my Stewart Van Vliet.
United States Navy Delay an Bloodgood.
viii
SECBETAET.
Geobge West Van Siclen.
TREASURER.
Eugene Van Schaick.
TRUSTEES.
Term Expires in 1891.
Theodore M. Banta,
Frederic J. De Petster,
Chauncet M. Depew,
Henrt Van Dyke,
George M. Van Hoesen.
Term Expires in 1893.
Henry E. Beekman,
George G. De Witt, Jr.,
Robert Barnwell Roosevelt,
John L. Riker,
William W. Van Voorhis.
Term Expires in 1892.
Walton Storm,
George W. Van Siclen,
Herman W. Vander Poel,
Augustus Van Wyck,
Jacob Wendell.
Term Expires in 1894.
William D. Garrison,
Williaji J. Van Arsdale,
William M. Hoes,
Henry S. Van Beuren,
John W. Vrooilin.
OFFICERS
Elected Pinkster Tuesday (June 11), 1889.
PBESIDENT.
HOOPER C. VAN VORST.
VICE-PRESIDENTS.
New- York City . Robert Barkwell Roosevelt.
Brooklyn, N. Y Tunis G. Bergen.
Jersey City, N. J Isaac I. Vander Beck.
Albany, N. Y Albert Van Der Veer.
Kingston, N. Y Samuel Decker Cotkendall.
Kinderhook, N. Y Peter Van Schaack Prutn.
Eookland County, N. Y Garret Van Nostrand.
Westchester County, N. Y Charles Knapp Clearwater.
Catskill, N. Y Evert Van Sltke.
Schenectady, N. Y James Albert Van Voast.
Amsterdam, N. Y Walter L. Van Denbergh.
Newtown, L. I John E. Van Nostrand.
New Brunswick, N. J William HorPMAN Ten Etck.
Bergen County, N. J. George Frederick Schermerhorn.
Passaic County, N. J John Hopper.
Cobleskill, N. Y John Van Schaick.
Poughkeepsie, N. Y Frank Hasbrouck.
Monmouth County, N. J D. Augustus Van Der Veer.
Somerset County, N. J Lawrence Van Der Veee.
Minisink, N. Y Amos Van Etten, Jr.
Buffalo, N. Y Sheldon Thompson Viele.
Yonkers, N. Y William L. Hebrmance.
Lansingburgh, N. Y William Chichester Groesbeck.
Philadelphia, Pa Eugene Van Loan.
Camden, N. J Peter L. Voorhees.
X
SECRETARY.
George West Van Siclen.
TREASURER.
Abraham Van Santvoord.
TRUSTEES.
Term Expires in 1890.
William M. Hoes,
George W. Van Sltck,
Abraham Van Santvoord,
Hooper C. Van Vorst,
Alexander T. Van Nest.
Term Expires in 1892.
Walton Storm,
George W. Van Siclen,
Herman W. Vander Poel,
Augustus Van Wyck,
Jacob Wendell.
Term Expires in 1891.
Theodore M. Banta,
Frederic J. De Peyster,
Chauncey M. Depew,
Henry Van Dyke,
George M. \&:^ Hoesen.
Term Expires in 1893.
Henry B. Beekman,
George G. De Witt, Jr.,
Robert Barnwell Roosevelt,
John L. Riker,
WiLLLiM W. Van Voorhis.
OFFICERS
Elected Pinkster (May 22), 1888.
PRESIDENT.
HOOPEE C. VAN VORST.
VICE-PBESIDENTS.
New-York City Robert Barnwell Roosevelt.
Brooklyn, N. Y Tunis G. Bergen.
Jersey City, N. J Henry M. T. Beekman.
Albany, N. Y. Albert Van Der Veer.
Kingston, N. Y. Samuel Decker Coteendall.
Kinderhook, N. Y Peter Van Schaack Prutn.
Roeklaud County, N. Y. Garret Van Nostrand.
Westchester County, N. Y Charles Knapp Clearwater.
Catskill, N. Y Evert Van Sltke.
Schenectady, N. Y John Albert Van Voast.
Amsterdam, N. Y Walter L. Van Denbergh.
Newtown, L. I John E. Van Nostrand.
New Brunswick, N. J William Hoffman Ten Etck.
Bergen County, N. J George Frederick Schermerhorn.
Passaic Coimty, N. J John Hopper.
Cobleskill, N. Y John Van Schaick.
Poughkeepsie, N. Y Frank Hasbrouck.
Monmouth County, N. J D. Augustus Van Der Veer.
Somerset County, N. J Lawrence Van Der Veer.
Minisink, N. Y Amos Van Etten, Jr.
SECBETARY.
George West Van Siclen.
TBEASVEEB.
Abraham Van Santvoord.
TRUSTEES.
Term Expires in 1889. Term Expires in 1890.
GrEORQE G. De Witt, Jr., William M. Hoes,
Lucas L. Van Allen, George W. Van Sltck,
Robert Barnwell Roosevelt, Abraham Van Santvoord,
Henrt S. Van Duzer, Hooper C. Van Vorst,
Philip Van Volkenburoh, Jr. Alexander T. Van Nest.
Term Expires in 1891. Term Expires in 1892.
Theodore M. Banta, Walton Storm,
Frederic J. De Petster, George W. Van Siclen,
Chauncey M. Depew, Herman W. Vander Poel,
Henry Van Dyke. Augustus Van Wyck,
George M. Van Hoesen. Jacob Wendell.
OFFICEES
Elected Pinkster Tuesday (May 31), 1887.
PRESIDENT.
HOOPER 0. VAN VORST.
VICE-PBESIDENTS.
New-York City Robert Baekwell Roosevelt.
Brooklyn, N. Y Augustus Van Wtck.
Jersey City, N. J J. Howard StJTDAM.
Albany, N. Y Albert Van Dee Veer.
Kingston, N.Y A. T. Cleaewatee.
Klnderhook, N. Y Petee Van Schaack Prutn.
Rockland County, N. Y Garret Van Nostrand.
Westchester County, N. Y Charles Knapp Clearwater.
Catskill, N. Y Evert Van Slyke.
Schenectady, N. Y James Albert Van Voast.
Amsterdam, N. Y Walter L. Van Denbergh.
Newtown, L. I John E. Van Nostrand.
New Brunswick, N. J Willl^m Hoffman Ten Eyck.
Bergen County, N. J George Frederick Schermerhorn.
Passaic County, N. J Martin John Rterson.
Cobleskill, N. Y John Van Schaick.
Poughkeepsie, N. Y Frank Hasbrouck.
SECEETAEY.
George West Van Stolen.
TEEASUEEB.
Abraham Van Santvoord.
TE USTEES.
Term Expires in 1888. Term Expires in 1889.
W. A. Ogden Hegeman, George G. De Witt, Jr.,
George W. Van Siclen, Lucas L. Van Allen,
Herman W. Vander Poel, Robert Barnwell Roosevelt,
Augustus Van Wtck, Henry S. Van Duzer,
Jacob Wendell. Philip Van Volkenburgh, Jr.
Term Expires in 1890. Term Expires in 1891.
William M. Hoes, Theodore M. Banta,
George W. Van Slyck, Frederic J. De Pet.ster,
Abraham Van Santvoord, Chauncey M. Depew,
Hooper C. Van Vorst, Henry Van Dyke,
Alexander T. Van Nest. George M. Van Hoesen.
xlv
OFFICERS
Elected Pinkster Tuesday (June 15), 1886.
PRESIDENT.
HOOPER C. VAN VOKST.
VICE-PRESIDENTS.
New-York City Robert Barnwell Roosevelt.
Brooklyn, N. Y Adriak Van Sinderen.
Jersey City, N. J Theodore Rometn Varick.
Albany, N. Y Albert Van Der Veer.
Kingston, N. Y Alphonso Trtjmpbour Clearwater.
Kinderhook, N. Y Aaron J. Vander Poel.
Rockland County, N. Y Garret Van Nostrand.
Westchester County, N. Y. ... .Chables Knapp Clearwater.
Catskill, N. Y Evert Vau Slyke.
Schenectady, N. Y James Albert Van Voast.
Amsterdam, N. Y Walter L. Van Denberqh.
Newtown, L. I John E. Van Nostrand.
New Brunswick, N. J Willlam Hoffman Ten Eyck.
Bergeu County, N. Y George Frederick Schermerhorn.
Passaic County, N. J Martin John Ryerson.
Cobleskill, N. Y' John Van Schaick.
SECRETARY.
George West Van Siclen.
TREASURER.
Abraham Van Santvoord.
TRUSTEES.
Term Expires in 1887. Term Expires in 1888.
David B. Nostrand, W. A. Ogden Hegeman,
George M. Van Hoesen, George W. Van Siclen,
Henry Van Dyke, Herman W. Vander Poel,
Philip Van Volkenbdrgh, Jr., Benjamin F. Vosburgh,
Edgar B. Van Winkle. Jacob Wendell.
Term Expires in 1889. Term Expires in 1890.
George G. De Witt, Jr., William M. Hoes,
Ldcas L. Van Allen, George W. Van Slyck,
Robert Barnwell Roosevelt, Abraham Van Santvoord,
Aaron J. Vanderpoel, Hooper C. Van Vorst,
Henry S. Van Duzer. Alexander T. Van Nest.
OFFICERS
Elected April 30, 1885.
PBESWENT.
HOOPER C. VAN VORST.
riCE-PEESIDENTS.
New-York City Robeet BASNTirELL Roosevelt.
Kingston, N. Y Alphonso Trumpbour Clearwater.
Kinderhook, N. Y Augustus W. "Wtnkoop.
Brooklyn, N. Y Adrian Van Sindeken.
SECRET AST AND TREASURER.
George West Van Siclen.
TRUSTEES.
Term Expires in 1886.
WILLL4.M M. Hoes,
Abraham Van Santvooed,
Wilhelmus Mynderse,
George W. Van Sltck,
Hooper C. Van Vorst.
Term Expires in 1888.
W. A. Ogden Hegejlmi,
George "W. Van Siclen,
Herman W. Vander Poel,
Benjamin F. Vosburgh,
Jacob Wendell.
Term Expires in 1887.
David B. Nostrand,
George M. Van Hoesen,
Henry Van Dyke,
Philip Van Volkenburgh, Jr.,
Edgar B. Van Winkle.
Term. Expires in 1889.
George G. De Witt, Jr.,
Lucas L. Van Allen,
Robert Barnwell Roosevelt,
Aaron J. Vanderpoel,
Henry S. Van Duzer.
XTl
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
PAGE
Officers and Trustees iii
List of Illustrations xix
Illustrations in Previous Volumes xx
Proceedings of Sixth Annual Meeting 1
Resolutions in Reference to Mr. Van Siclen 3
Resolutions in Reference to Mr. Roosevelt 4
Resolutions in Reference to Dr. Prutn 4
Report of Committee on Delfts Haven Monument 6
Resolutions in Reference to Annual Dinner 8
Amendment to the Constitution 8
Report of the Treasurer 9
President George M. Van Hoesen 11
The Friesland Medals 14
The Queen's Thanks for the Year Book 18
The Holland Society Prize Cup 18
Report of Committee on Church Records 19
Seventh Annual Dinner 30
Toasts and Speakers 43
Address of President Van Hoesen 45
Ode— "Holland"— BY Rev. C. S. Vedder, D. D 50
Speech of Rev. William Elliot Griffis, D. D 53
Speech op Rev. Charles H. Hall, D. D 66
Speech of Rev. George R. Vaitoewater, D. D 75
Speech of Rev. T. DeWitt Talmage, D. D 80
Speech of Dr. Austin Scott 91
Speech of Rev. T. W. Chambers, D. D 95
Amendment to By-Laws 97
Summary op Books in Library 98
Proceedings op the Seventh Annual Meeting 99
Speech of President Van Wyck 102
Report op Committee on Delfts Haven Memorial 107
Report op Committee on Statue to Typical Dutchman 109
Amendments to the Constitution 110
Literature Among Early Dutch Settlers 110
Resolutions on Annual Dinner Ill
Resolutions of Thanks to President Van Hoesen Ill
c xvil
PAGE
Resolutions in Reference to Building Fvtsd 112
Treasurer's Annual Report 112
Sketch of Judge Augustl's Van Wyck 114
"Public-School Pioneering," by Andrew S. Draper 119
Dutch West India Company's Manuscripts 150
Eighth Annual Dinner 153
Address op President Van Wyck 159
Letter of Douglas Campbell 163
Address of Hon. Thomas F. Bayard 168
Speech op Rev. George R. Vandewater, D. D 185
Speech op Hon. Warner Miller 194
Speech op Rev. Wm. R. Duryee, D. D 200
Speech of Hon. Robt. B. Roose\t;lt 205
Speech of Mr. James Seaver Page 209
Tribute to Major Douglas Campbell 213
Sketch op Major Douglas Campbell 214
List of Members 223
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
The Fbiesland Medals Facing Page 14
Portrait of Hon. George M. Van Hoesen " 45
Portrait op Rev. Wji. Elliot Griefis, D. D. . . " 53
Portrait of Rev. Chas. H. Hall, D. D " 66
Portrait of Hon. Augustus Van Wyck " 114
Portrait of Hon. Thomas F. Bayard " 168
Portrait OF Rev. George R.Vandewater,D.D. " 185
Portrait of Rev. Wm. R. DuBYEE, D. D " 200
Portrait OF Major Douglas Campbell " 214
xlz
ILLUSTRATIONS IN PREVIOUS VOLUMES.
FIRST DINNER-BOOK.
Hooper C. Vajst Vorst Facing Page 10
Ai^GUSTUs Van Wyck " 17
Chauncey M. Depew " 26
Dutch Woman Reading her Bible " 28
Henry J. Van Dyke, Jr " 33
Robert B. Roosevelt " 42
Wm. C. De Witt " 51
DiNiNG-RooM Decorations " 57
Wynkoop Coat op Arms " 60
Van Nort Coat op Arms " 60
John DeWit, Pensionary op Holland " 62
YEAR BOOK, 1886-1887.
D. Van Nostrand Frontispiece.
Banner Carried at Leyden, Oct. 3, 1886 Facing Page 10
Kingston Relics " 29, 30, 31
Domine Weeckstein " 32
Col. Cornelius D. Wynkoop . . " 33
Miss Cathalina Post " 34
■General George H. Sharpe " 35
The Tappen Homestead, Kingston " 52
The Old Dutch Reformed Church, Kingston .... " 54
The Old Senate House, Kingston " 58
The Dederick House, Kingston " 60
The Hasbrouck Homestead, Kingston " 61
John C. F. Hoes " 62
Augustus Van Wyck " 75
George W. Van Siclen " 89
Aaron J. Vanderpoel Facing Page 90
Maj.-Genl. Stewart Van Vliet " 94
Eev. J. Howard Sutdam " 98
Badge of the Beggars of the Sea " 109
Hooper C. Van Vorst " 128
Martin Van Buren " 136
W. Waldorf AsTOR " 138
Rev. William R. Duryee, D. D " 140
Albert Vandee Veer, M. D " 155
A.T.Clearwater " 159
Tunis G. Bergen " 164
John Rutger Planten . " 169
Near The Hague " 173
YEAR BOOK, 1887-1888.
Chauncey M. Depew Facing Page 17
George William Curtis " 25
Charles P. Daly " 39
Prince Maurice of Nassau " 40
WouTER Schouten " 43
VONDEL " 56
John Van Voorhis " 57
Warner Van Norden " 69
John Woodhull Beekman " 75
Hooper C. Van Vorst " 82
Aaron J. Vanderpoel " 83
George M. Van Hoesen " 84
Lucas L. Van Allen " 85
George W. Van Slyck " 86
George W. Van Siclen " 87
Badge of The Holland Society " 88
Barton W. Van Voorhis " 97
YEAR BOOK, 1888-1889.
Souvenir of the Holland Excursion.
The Procession in Leyden Facing Page 64
Van Der Werpp Offering His Body as Food " 76
Princess Wilhelmina " 112
A Frisian Baby Facing Page 124
Burgomaster op Leuwarden " 128
Burgomaster of Sneek " 128
Water Gate, Sneek " 133
Officers of Sneek Yacht Club " 136
Utrecht Portrait of Washington " 141
George W. Van Siclen " 170
Hooper C. Van Vorst " 175
W. A. Ogden Hegeman " 179
Rev. Henry J. Van Dyke, Jr., D. D " 182
Wm. Waldorf Astor " 188
Thomas F. Bayard " 191
T. HoPKiNSON Smith " 199
YEAR BOOK, 1890-1891.
The R.tPELYE Cradle Frontispiece.
The Holland Society Prize for the Sneek Yacht
Club Races Facing Page 11
Robert B. Roosevelt " 39
George G. De Witt, Jr " 79
Gen. William S. Stryker " 85
John W. Vrooman " 90
General Joubert " 156
Gavel Presented by Consul Planten " 179
Abraham Lansing " 183
Edward Elsworth " 199
YEAR BOOK OF
HOLLAND SOCIETY OF NEW- YORK.
1892-1893.
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ANNUAL MEETING.
■■^-v^ilHE Sixth Annual Meeting of The Holland
^■^^ Society of New-York was held on Pink-
^ll^ ster Tuesday, May 19, 1891, at the Man-
' hattan Athletic Club, Madison Avenue
and Forty-fifth Street, the President, Hon. Eobert
B. Eoosevelt, in the chair.
After some very interesting remarks, in which he
outlined what " might have been " if the Dutch had
continued in control of New Netherlands, the Presi-
dent stated the first business in order was the elec-
tion of officers for the ensuing year, and named Mr.
William M. Hoes, of New- York, and Judge Quacken-
bush, of New Jersey, as Tellers. The Tellers reported
the unanimous election of the following ofiicers :
President,
GEORGE M. VAN HOESEN.
Vice-Presidents,
New -York City Charles H. Truax.
Kingston, If. Y. . . Augustus Schoonmaker.
Jersey City, N. J. Henry Traphagen.
Brooklyn, N. Y. Judah Back Voorhees.
Vice-Presidents, continued.
KiiulerJioolc, N. Y. . . . . Pierre Van Buren Hoes.
RoeMand County, N.Y. . . Garret Van Nostrand.
Westchester Co., N. Y. . . Rev. Charles Knapp Clearwater.
CatsMU, N.Y. Rev. Evert Van Slyke, D. D.
Schenectady, N. Y. . . . . Giles Yates Van De Bogert.
Amsterdam, N.Y. ... . Walter L. Van Denbergh.
Albany, N.Y. Albei-t Van Der Veer, M. D.
NeivtowH, L. I. John E. Van Nostrand.
New Brunswick, N. J. . . Charles H. Voorhees, M. D.
Bergen County, N. J. . . . John Quackenbush.
Passaic County, N. J. . . John Hopper.
GoUesMll, N. Y. John Van Schaick.
Monmouth County, N.J. . . D. Augustus Van Der Veer.
Somerset County, N.J. . . James J. Bergen.
MinisinJc, N. Y. Amos Van Etten, Jr.
Buffalo, N. Y. Sheldon Thomson Viele.
Poughkeepsie, N. Y. ... Frank Hasbrouck.
Philadelphia, Pa Eugene Van Loan.
Yonhers, N.Y. E. J. Elting.
Lansingburgh, N. Y. . . . William Chichester Groesbeck.
Camden, N. J. Peter L. Voorhees.
Staten Island, N. Y. . . . James D. Van Hoevenbergh.
North Hempstead, N. Y. . . Andrew J. Onderdonk.
United States Army ■ . . Maj.-Gen. Stewart Van Vliet.
United States Navy . . . Com. Wm. Knickerbocker Van
Rej^pen, Med. Dir.
Secretary,
Theodore Melvin Banta.
Treasurer,
Eugene Van Schaick.
Trustees,
Term expires in 1895,
Henry Van Dyke, D. D., George M. Van Hoesen,
Chauncey M. Depew, Theodore M. Banta,
Eugene Van Schaick.
Mr. Martin Heermance, of Rhinebeck, offered the
followirig Preamble and Resolution, which were
unanimously adopted, and the Secretary was in-
structed to send a copy, properly engi-ossed, to Mr.
Van Siclen :
Whereas, Mr. George W. Van Siclen has been the
Secretary of The Holland Society of New- York from
its foundation, and has served it with ardent enthu-
siasm, constant devotion, and great labor, seeking to
promote its interests, enlai'ge its membership, and
advance its prosperity;
And whereas, He now finds himself compelled, by
the pressure of other and more sacred duties in his
own household, to retire from this position, to which
so much of his time and strength have been given
for six years ; therefore be it
Resolved, That The Holland Society of New- York
recognizes with gratitude the great value of Mr. Van
Sielen's unstinted labors; — praises the Dutch con-
stancy and covirage with which he has proved his
faith in the future of this Society; — regrets the cir-
cumstances which have so added to his private cares
that he is obliged to limit his public duties; — wishes
him all prosperity and continual welfare at home
and abroad ; and writes with honor on its roll the
name of its first Secretary, George W. Van Siclen.
These Resolutions having been handsomely en-
gi'ossed, were bound in Tui'key morocco and orange
silk, and sent to Mr. Van Siclen.
Hon. George M. Van Hoesen, President-elect, hav-
ing aiTived, was escorted to the platform, and on
taking the chah' expressed his appreciation of the
honor conferred upon him in the election to a posi-
tion which he held in such high esteem.
Judge Augustus Van Wyck, of Brooklyn, pre-
sented the following Resolution, which was unani-
mously adopted :
Resolved, That our sincere thanks are due, and are
hereby returned, to the Honorable Robert B. Roose-
velt for his able, loyal, and untiring services and
devotion to The Holland Society of New- York, in
his faithful and successful administration of the
high office of President.
This Resolution also was engrossed, suitably bound,
and sent to Mr. Roosevelt.
Mr. William M, Hoes referred to the decease of Dr.
Peter V. S. Pruyn, Vice-President for Kinderhook,
and offered the following Resolutions, which wei'e
adopted :
Peter Van Schaack Pruyn, Vice-President of The
Holland Society for Kinderhook, died at his home
in Kinderhook, N. Y., May 2, 1891. Dr. Pruyn,
who had been in failing health for some months,
passed a portion of the winter at Lakewood, N. J.
His physicians, Drs. Van Der Veer and Townsend, of
Albany, advised his return to his home, which he
reached on April 24th last.
The funei'al, which took place from his residence,
was very largely attended by his many relations,
patients, and sympathizing friends, by the medical
profession and officers of the numerous institutions
with which he was connected.
The ancestors of Dr. Pruyn were among the origi-
nal patentees of Kinderhook at the time the town-
ship was erected in the year 1686, and the deceased
was connected with most of the leading families in
the neigliborliood. He was born in Kinderhook,
November 19, 1841.
His father, John M. Pruyn, was for many years
prior to that time the leading physician in the town
and adjoining country. His mother was Margaret
Van Schaack. Mr. John V. L. Pruyn, a member of
this Society, and a kinsman of deceased, has com-
piled the data which appear in his notes on the
Pruyn family published in the "New- York Genea-
logical and Biographical Eecord," January, 1891.
Dr. Pruyn combined in his disposition to a re-
markable degree the elements forming a noble char-
acter. He was equally esteemed and honored in
domestic, professional, and social life.
Loving and gentle in his family relations, patriotic
and public-spirited as a citizen and official, skilful,
prudent, and tender as a physician, the friend of the
poor and down-trodden, a man of rare mental ac-
quirements and social attractiveness, a wise coun-
selor and loyal and devoted friend, his death in the
prime of manhood leaves a vacancy at fireside and
in the community which will be appreciated and
sincerely moui'ned. Be it
Resolved, That in the death of Dr. Peter Van
Schaack Pruyn, Vice-President of this Society for
Kinderhook, the Society has sustained the loss of
one of its most valued and distinguished members,
a man of noble character and eminent ability; and
that the Society joins in the truest sympathy with
those nearest and dearest to him in this dispensation.
Resolved, That this Minute be recorded in our
Eecords, and a copy forwarded to the family of our
departed friend.
6
Hon. A, T, Clearwater, of Kingston, N. Y., Chair-
man of tlie Committee on the Delfts Haven Monu-
ment, presented the following Report, which was
received, and the Committee continued:
To The Holland Society :
The Committee to whom it was referred at the last
Annual Meeting of this Society, to consider and re-
port upon such action as the Society should take
with regard to the monument proposed to be erected
at Delfts Haven, in Holland, commemorative of the
sailing of the Pilgrims from that port in 1620, re-
spectfully report:
That a meeting of your Committee was held at
the Lawyers' Club, in the City of New- York, shortly
after their appointment ; its members, with the Eev.
William Elliott GrriflSs, D.D., Chairman of a com-
mittee appointed by the Congregational Club of
Boston relative to the same matter, in company
with the Hon. Robert B. Roosevelt, the President of
the Society, and Mr. Samuel D. Coykendall, the Vice-
President for Kingston, being at that time the guests
of Mr. George W. Van Siclen, Secretary of the So-
ciety.
Dr. Griffis then outlined the plan it was at that
time thought would be carried out by the Congrega-
tional Clubs in the country relative to the matter,
stating, however, that up to that date no definite ac-
tion had been taken by any organization either in
the United States or in Holland.
Dr, Griffis's view as to the action desired by this
Society was, that it should lend its hearty and cor-
dial cooperation to the project, and should make a
substantial contribution in money.
It was stated, in behalf of your Committee, that
they were not authorized to commit the Society
with regard to a money contribution ; but were em-
powered to pledge its hearty and sympathetic coop-
eration in all other ways.
Since that time your Committee has corresponded
with Dr. Griffis, and learned from him that because
of the opposition of the late Dr. H. M. Dexter and
the Eev. George Leon Walker, of Hartford, both
prominent and influential in the Congregational de-
nomination, and in the New England societies and
Congregational Clubs, and because it was thought
that possibly solicitation for contributions for the
pi'oposed memorial would interfere with the action
of a committee appointed by the National Congrega-
tional Council of the United States, and intrusted
with the work of placing upon St. Peter's Chm-ch in
Leyden a bronze tablet memorial in honor of John
Robinson and the Pilgiims who lived and worshiped
in that city, — that propriety and courtesy seemed to
prompt a suspension of active measures with regard
to a memorial at DeKts Haven until that tablet was
in place and unveiled.
It is now thought that the unveiling of the Robin-
son tablet will take place on the 25th of July next.
Your Committee, therefore, have as yet done no-
thing in the matter referred to them beyond endeav-
oring by historical research to prove that the charge
of inhospitality made against the Dutch Government
with regard to the POgrims is ill-founded.
Your Committee, therefore, respectfully recom-
mend.
That, in view of the present financial condition of
the Society, no definite action be at this time taken ;
but that your Committee be continiied or a new
Committee appointed, to whom the matter shall be
intrusted, with instructions to report at the next
Annual Meeting of the Society.
All of which is respectfully submitted by your
Committee through
A. T. Clearwater,
Dated May 19, 1891. Chairman.
8
Mr. Frank Hasbrouck, of Poughkeepsie, N. Y., pre-
sented a Resolution in reference to the Annual Din-
ner, which, after discussion, was adopted in the
following form :
Resolved, That the Dinner Committee be instructed
to provide primarily for the comfort of the members
of The Holland Society, and that guests be invited
only after the members of the Society shall have
been given an opportunity to procure tickets.
The proposed Amendments to the Constitution,
of which proper notice had been given, were next
taken up.
The first proposed Amendment was read, as follows:
Notice is hereby given that a motion will be made
at said meeting that Sections 2 and 3 of Article VI.
of the Constitution, also By-law No. 7, be amended
by adding to Section 3 the words : " But the Board
of Directors may delegate to the Committee on
Genealogy the election of new members under such
By-laws as they may determine"; so that on and
after May 20, 1891, the Committee on Genealogy
may admit candidates to membership, provided
that no Trustee has objected after full notice of the
candidacy.
On motion this was laid upon the table.
The second proposed Amendment was read, as
follows :
Notice is also given that a motion will be made to
amend Section 1 of Article IV. by striking out the
words, " The offices of Secretary and Treasurer may
be filled by one person," and adding the words, "No
one shall hold two offices at the same time ; but the
President, Secretary, and Treasurer shall be ex-officio
members of the Board of Trustees, and each shall
have a vote on all matters which come before said
Board."
On motion this also was laid upon the table.
The third proposed Amendment was then read,
and was adopted in the following form :
Notice is also given that a motion will be made to
amend Article VII., Section 1, of the Constitution,
also By-law No. 4, making them read as follows :
" Section 1. The Annual Meeting of the Society
shall be held on April 6, the anniversary of the day
when, in A. D. 1566, the Dutch combined against
tyranny, and adopted the badge which is now the
badge of this Society. Should such date fall on Sat-
urday or Sunday, the Annual Meeting shall be held
on the following Monday."
On motion of Rev. J. Howard Suydam, D. D., the
Secretary was requested to preserve in a memorial
album the photogi'aphs of deceased members, with
such mention of them as should be appropriate.
Adjourned.
The Holland Society op New-Yobk, in account with
Eugene Van Schaick, Treasurer, May 9, 1890, to May
1,1891:
Balance to credit of Society at date of last An-
nual Meeting, May 9, 1890 $8,198.82
Old dues collected $1,295.00
Current dues paid Treasurer 2,500.00
Initiation fees paid Treasurer .... 300.00
Mrs. D. Van Nostrand's contribution to
Building Fund 10.00
Interest credited by Central Trust Co.
on deposits to Jan. 1, 1891 174.64
Moneys returned by Dinner Committee 58.03
Committee on Certificates of Member-
ship, proceeds of sale 169.23
Sales, Year Books 166.00
4,672.90
$12,871.72
2 =
10
Expenses of Annual Meeting, May 27, 1890 . . $534.00
Insurance on books, etc 6.00
J. R. Lamb, HoUand Society Historical Tablets . 750.00
Theo. M. Banta, Esq., Chairman Record Com-
mittee 2,000.00
HoUand Society Certificates 715.00
Dinner to General Joubert 123.69
Holland Society Tear Books 1,340.87
Wm. M. Hoes, Esq., Secretary Dinner Committee 985.62
Rent of ofiace, 33 Nassau St., from May 1, 1890,
to Feb. 28, 1891 180.00
Certificates of Ofiacers 50.00
Van Wagner account 48.90
Clerk to Secretary and disbursements for mes-
sengers 538.40
Secretary's disbursements, notices, postage, etc. . 781.59
Former Treasurer's unpaid disbursements . . . 21.05
Present Treasurer's disbursements 66.92
Clerk to Treasurer 104.00
Books purchased for Library 65.44
Lincoln Safe Deposit Co., storage on property of
Society 6.00
To credit of Society, May 1, 1891 . . 4,554.24
$12,871.72
,'§j/@/®/g/@/-g,-@/®/g/g/g,^yt/®/|)/@/a/g/©/§/®/@/^-§,<g/@/^/@/%,-@,'@,'
JUDGE GEORGE M. VAN HOESEN.
•■^w ■■ji HE election of Judge Van Hoesen to the
!?©l^v Pi'^sidency of the Society of which he
g^Bj^§ was one of the founders, and in which
' he has always taken an active part,
having been a trustee, the Chairman of the Com-
mittee on Genealogy, and a member of the Dinner
Committee every year, makes it appropriate to insert
in this place a brief outline of his life.
Hon. George M. Van Hoesen is a native of New-
York city, and was gi-aduated at the university of
that city, and has been president of the Alumni Asso-
ciation. He studied law at the State and National
Law School, then located at Poughkeepsie, and for
a time was instructor of pleadings and evidence. He
commenced the practice of law at Davenport, Iowa,
where he continued until the breaking out of the
war in 1861, when he raised a company, of which he
was made captain, and which was attached to the
Thirteenth Regiment of Iowa infantry. He served
in Missouii, and formed a part of the army which,
under General Grant, ascended the Tennessee River
in the spring of 1862. He was promoted to the rank
12
of major of his regiment for gallant conduct at the
battle of Shiloh, and took part in the movements
initiated by General Grant, resulting in the capture
of Vicksburg, and for a time was provost-marshal-
general of the armies in the field in the Department
of the Mississippi.
On leaving the army, Mr. Van Hoesen returned to
New- York city and resumed the practice of law. In
the fall of 1875 he was elected a judge of the Court
of Common Pleas of New- York city, and served
fourteen years. Although Judge Van Hoesen is in
politics a Democrat, the principal organs of the
Republican party in the State of New- York expressed
respect for his talents, impartial justice, and many
other virtues at the close of his official term.
He is a comrade of Lafayette Post, No. 140, and
for several years has been active in Grand Army
matters. For three successive terms he has been
elected chairman of the Memorial Committee, and
has performed his duties to the satisfaction of the
committee and the order in general,
Ex-Judge Van Hoesen, although endowed with
the most patriotic feelings for his native country,
has never allowed to be obliterated from his mind a
deep appreciation of the virtues of the nation of his
ancestors.
He has given special attention to the study of
the history of New Netherlands, and no one in the
society probably is better informed than Judge Van
Hoesen concerning the men who laid the foundations
of this Empire State. His sympathies, so warmly
enlisted in all that concerns the Batavian race, are
not limited to any country in the world. They are
extended as well to the Netherlands, and to the de-
13
scendants of the Dutcli and natives of Holland in oui*
own conntiy, as to South Africa and every land
where Dutch blood flows. He is also a member of the
St. Nicholas Society and of the Manhattan, the Union,
the St. Nicholas, the New Amsterdam, and the Zeta
Psi clubs ; and is one of the two Honorary Members
of the Holland Society "Eendracht maakt magt," a
society composed of natives of the Netherlands resi-
dent in New York and its suburbs.
THE FRIESLAND MEDALS.
T the October, 1891, meeting of the Trus-
tees, the President, Judge Van Hoesen,
read the following letter from the As-
sistant Secretary of State, Washington,
D. C, with the accompanying correspondence, and
presented the medals referred to therein, which are
now preserved among the treasiu'es of the Society.
Department of State, Washington,
October 27, 1891.
The President of The Holland Society, Neic-York City.
Sm : Referring to the enclosed copy of a despatch
from the American Minister at The Hague, I have
the honor to transmit three commemorative medals
furnished by the Netherlands Government, for The
Holland Society of New-York City.
I have the honor to be. Sir,
Your obedient servant,
(Signed), William F. Wharton,
Assistant Secretary.
Enclosure :
1. From the American Minister at The Hague, No.
257, August 31, 1891. Copy.
2, Three Medals.
^ji
15
No. 257. Legation of the Ukited States,
The Hague, August 31, 1891.
To the Honorable James G. Blaine, Secretary of State,
Washington, D. C.
Sik: I have the honor to state that, on a recent
occasion, while paying a visit to the Royal Museum
at The Hague, I discovered three medals, which by
reason of their relation to prominent events in our
early history, and other considerations hereafter al-
luded to, render it proper that I should bring them
to the notice of the Department.
The first medal in the series referred to was designed
to commemorate the recognition of American Inde-
pendence by the Province of Friesland, on the 26th of
February, 1782, a description of which is as follows :
On the obverse side is a male figure personating a
Frisian in ancient costume, joining right hands with
an American, represented by a maiden in aboriginal
dress, standing on a scepter, with her left hand rest-
ing on a shield bearing the inscription : "The United
States of North America"; while with his left hand
the Frisian signals his rejection of an olive branch
offered by a Briton, represented by a maiden accom-
panied by a tiger, the left hand of the maiden resting
on a shield having the inscription : " Great Britain."
On the reverse side is the figure of an arm project-
ing from the clouds, holding the Coat of Arms of the
Province of Friesland, under which is the inscription:
" To the State of Friesland in grateful recognition of
the Acts of the Assemblies in February and April,
1782, by the Burgher's Club of Leeuwarden, ' Liberty
and Zeal.' "
The second medal in this series was struck off by
order of the States-General in commemoration of its
recognition of the Independence of the United States.
On the obverse side of the medal will be found the
United States and the Netherlands represented by
16
two maidens equipped for war, with right hands
joined over a burning altar. The Dutch maiden is
placing an emblem of freedom on the head of the
American, whose right foot attached to a broken
chain, rests on England, represented by a tiger. In
the field of the medal are the words : " Libera Soror.
Solemni Deer Agn."
On the reverse side is the figure of a unicorn lying
prostrate before a steep rock, against which he has
broken his horn; over the figure are the words:
"Tyrannis virtute repulsa," and underneath the
same the words : " sub Grallia auspicus."
The third medal in the series was made to com-
memorate the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation
entered into between the United States and the
Netherlands the 7th of October, 1782 :
On its obverse side stands in relief a monumental
needle bearing the Amsterdam Coat of Arms, upon
which a wreath is being placed by a figure represent-
ing Mercury; underneath the Coat of Arms is a
parchment bearing the inscription: "Pro. Dro. Mvs."
France, symbolized by a crowing cock, stands be-
side the needle, pointing with a conjurer's wand to a
horn of plenty and an anchor. Over all are the
words : " Justitiam et non temnere divos."
On the reverse side is an image of Fame riding
on a cloud, and carrying the Arms of the Nethei'-
lands and the United States, surmounted by a na-
val crown; the figures are covered by the follow-
ing words : " Faustissimo foedere junctae. Die VII.
Octob. MDCCLXXXII."
It will be remembered that John Adams, while
discharging his duties at Paris as Commissioner in
arranging a Treaty of Peace and Commerce with
Great Britain, was, in the year 1780, appointed Min-
ister to the Netherlands ; also that political compli-
cations between Holland and England delayed his
reception by the Government for more than two
years after he first offered his credentials.
17
The States-General, oppressed by the magnitude
of the responsibility, refused to pass upon the ques-
tion until it had been submitted to each of the
Provinces for individual action.
Friesland, impelled by the Germanic love of
freedom which had long characterized its people,
took the initiative in the movement for recognition ;
passing an Act to that effect on the 26th of Feb-
ruary, A. D. 1782. Soon thereafter the remaining
Provinces followed her example, and on the 19th
of April, 1782, the States-General, in deference to
the wishes of the Provinces, received Mr, Adams's
credentials.
It wHl also be borne in mind that while a Dutch
man-of-war first saluted the American flag, Holland
stands second in the roll of foreign nations which
formally recognized our independence, and the second
with whom we made a Treaty of Commerce and
Navigation.
The medals in question possess interest, in that
they furnish the best evidence extant of the current
of opinion and sentiment at that time in the Nether-
lauds concerning England and the United States,
and are, moreover, worthy of special mention, inas-
much as I do not find them referred to in Mr. Adams's
public correspondence, or in any book published in
our language.
Through the courtesy of the Government, I have
been permitted to procure five copies of each of these
medals, and take pleasure in transmitting them to
the Department through the agency of the American
Despatch Agent, London.
One set is designed for the Department of State;
one for the New-York Historical Society; one for
the Massachusetts Historical Society; one for the
Minnesota State Historical Society; and one for The
Holland Society of New-York.
Should the Department approve, the four last men-
tioned sets may be forwarded to each of the above
named societies, with a copy of this despatch.
18
There can be no more interesting or profitable
study for the citizen of the United States than the
process of reasoning which led to our separate Na-
tional existence, and the adoption of the present
form of Government, or the motives which influenced
the people of other lands to welcome our advent into
the family of nations.
I have the honor to be. Sir,
Your obedient sei'vant,
Samuel E. Thayer.
At the same meeting the Secretary read the follow-
ing letter from the private secretary of the Queen
Regent of the Netherlands :
The Hague, Sept. 17, 1891.
The Holland Society of New-York.
According to the orders of Her Majesty the Queen
Regent, I have the honor of transmitting to the
members of The Holland Society of New- York Her
Majesty's most sincere thanks for the presentation
to their Majesties the Queen and the Queen Regent
of the two copies of the Year Book of that Society.
Her Majesty was pleased to express the utmost in-
terest in the Year Book, as well as great appreciation
of the loyal and patriotic feelings therein expressed.
The Private Secretary to Her Majesty
The Queen Regent of the Netherlands.
(Signed)
The Secretary also read the following cablegram
received by him :
Sneek, August 20, 1891.
Secretary Holland Society, New-Yorh.
Cup won by same. Will send papers.
The explanation of this cablegram is that the silver
cup presented by The Holland Society to the Yacht
Association of Sneek, an account of which is given
19
on page 11 of the last Year Book, had been won by
the Spenver (Sparrow), owned by C. Jurjens of Am-
sterdam. Under the rules of the Association the
yacht which wins the race for three successive years
shall own absolutely the cup.
Mr. Hoes, on behalf of the Committee on Ancient
Church Records, presented the following report :
To the Trustees of The Holland Society of New-York.
Gentlemen : The Committee appointed October
25, 1886, " to obtain, prepare and publish the ancient
records of the old Dutch Chm-ches in America" re-
spectfully report :
That they have had translated and copied all the ex-
tant marriage, baptismal, membership, and consistory
records of twenty-nine churches. These have been
transcribed into books which are now in our library.
The records of thirty-five churches have been copied
for and are in possession of two members of our
Society. The records of a number of other churches
have been published in County Histories and other-
wise. The full particulars of all these records are
stated in the preface of the first volume of Collec-
tions of our Society recently issued, and therefore
need not be recapitulated here. We know of no other
records of the ancient churches that we can procure.
The Trustees appropriated $1000 for the work of
procuring and preparing these records, which amount
was exhausted before the records of the Fulton street
church were copied. Through the courtesy of Mr.
William L. Brouwer, one of the members of our
Society, the Trustees of the Collegiate Church granted
access to their books, and the baptismal records to
1801 and all the burial records have been transcribed.
Dmiug the long interval between the meetings of the
Trustees there was no opportunity to ask for an ad-
ditional appropriation, and as it seemed important
to secure the records of this most ancient of the
churches, the chairman of this Committee advanced
20
the funds to make the transcript, with the under-
standing that if his action should not be approved
by the Trustees he would be responsible personally
for the expense. Including a copy of the record of
the New- York Genealogical Society, which was used
for verification, the cost of this work beyond the ori-
ginal appropriation was $313.21.
According to the instructions of the Trustees the
records of the Hackensack and Schraalenburgh
churches have been published as the first volume of
collections of our Society. These comprise two books
of about four hundred pages each. The edition is
1000, of which 400 copies only have been bound.
The expense of publication is as follows :
Printing Part I., by Joel MunseU's Sons . $950.08
Printing Part II., by Douglass Taylor . 992.75
Proof-reading 175.30
Indexing 189.00
Binding 181.95
Engravings 50.00
Translating and copying 50.00
Expressage and postage 53.88
Printing circulars, etc. . 44.97
Fire insurance 32.00
Total $2719.93
The Committee has been surprised and somewhat
chagrined that so few of our members have been in-
terested in this work. They had expected that at
least 450 copies would be subscribed for, which
would have defrayed the expenses and warranted
the Society in publishing another volume next year,
and so on until all the records should be in print.
But although two circulars were sent out to all our
members, less than one hundred responded. Circu-
lars were also sent to all the public libraries of the
country, eleven only of which have ordered the books.
The total expenditm-e, as stated, is $2719.93. The
Trustees appropriated on account of the publication
21
the sum of $2000. There has been received from the
sale of books $678, leaving a balance unpaid of $41.93.
The books disposed of are as follows :
Sold to members 91
Sold to non-members 12
Sold to public libraries 11
Total 114
The Committee considers its duties ended. If any
other publications should be desired it would seem
proper that it should be under the supervision either
of the Committee on History or of the Publication
Committee. This Committee therefore respectfully
asks to be discharged.
Theo. M. Banta,
G. A. Van Allen,
Wm. M. Hoes,
Henky Van Dyke.
Thos. E. Veemilye, Jk.
New- York, October 29, 1891.
A SUMMARY of the woi'k of the Committee may be
of interest, and accordingly the following statement,
which appeal's as a preface to the first volume of
collections, is given :
Soon after the organization of The Holland So-
ciety of New- York, the attention of the Trustees was
called to the importance of seeuinng copies of the
records of the ancient Dutch Chui'ches of the coun-
try. If only for the purpose of tracing the lineage
of the descendants of the early Dutch settlers, these
records are of great value. The practice of baptiz-
ing their children within a very few days of birth,
was almost universal with members of the Dutch
Church; and as the baptismal recoi'ds usually con-
tain, in addition to the father's name, the maiden
name of the mother, they aiford peculiar aid to the
genealogist. Additional value is given to the mar-
22
riage records by the fact that they frequently men-
tion the bii'thplaces of the several parties.
It is quite remarkable how large a proportion of
these early records has been preserved to the present
day. Exposed to the danger of fire and other ca-
lamities, and in recent times frequently handled by
interested persons seeking genealogical or historical
information, the wonder is that any of them are yet
in existence.
Some of them have been lost; for example, those
of the Ponds' Chui'ch, Bergen County, N. J., dating
back to 1710, after an existence of a century and a
half were destroyed by the burning of the pastor's
house.
A few of the churches now preserve these vener-
able documents in fireproof safes, and permit them
to be examined only under such conditions as may
expose them to the least injury. It is to be desired
that all the churches should exercise the greatest
diligence in caring for the records yet extant.
A list of the Dutch Reformed Churches organized
prior to the close of the eighteenth century (taken
from "Corwin's Manual"), with the particulars of
their records as far as known, is here given.
The following records have been published, or are
in course of publication :
New- York, organized 1628. Marriage and baptis-
mal records begin 1639; membership, 1649. They
have been for seventeen years in course of publica-
tion in the New- York Genealogical and Biogi'aphical
Society's Eecord. That society has just issued a
volume including the marriages down to 1801, and
expect to issue shortly an additional volume giving
the baptisms down to 1730. If they pursue the
course hitherto adopted, of printing a few pages
only in their quarterly " Record," it will be many
years before all the baptisms of the eighteenth cen-
tury are in print. The Committee has had copied
these baptismal records from 1730 to 1801.
23
Albany, 1642, and Schenectady, 1670. Records
arranged by families, by Prof. Pearson, of Union
CoUege, have been published by Munsell, of Albany,
Kingston, 1659. Records have been copied for
publication by Rev. R. R. Hoes, a member of The
Holland Society, and are in the hands of the printers.
Brooklyn, 1660. The marriage and baptismal
records from 1660 to 1710 were published in " Man-
uals of the Common Council of Brooklyn " for 1867
and 1869, and have recently been republished by the
Kings County Genealogical Club. A list of the
church members at organization is given in Vol. I.
of " Stiles' History of the City of Brooklyn."
Bergen, 1662. Records in alphabetical order, but
not complete, are contained in "Winfield's Land
Titles of Hudson County."
Port Richmond, Staten Island, 1690. The baptis-
mal records have recently been published in "Bayles'
History of Richmond County."
Tappan, 1694, and Clarkstown, 1750. The bap-
tismal records copied by the Rev. Dr. David Cole, of
Yonkers, N. Y., have been published in his " History
of Rockland County." Copies of all the other ex-
isting records of the ancient Dutch Churches of
Rockland County have been made by, and are in
possession of. Dr. Cole, who has spent much time
and labor in the work.
Tarrytown, 1697. A portion of the early records
appears in " Scharff's History of Westchester County."
Lunenburg. The baptismal records of this Dutch
Lutheran Church (near Catskill) are published in
the " History of Greene County," in full from 1704 to
1748, and in part from 1748 to 1788.
Machackemech (Deer Park, Port Jervis), 1737.
The marriage records, with a partial list of members
and of the consistory, were published by Mr. W. H.
Nearpass, of Port Jervis.
Totowa (Paterson), 1755. The records are in print,
and will be published in the course of the year.
24
North and South Hampton, Bucks County, Pa.,
1710. The records have been prepared for publica-
tion by Rev. Samuel Strong.
A committee was appointed by the Ti-ustees of the
Society to ascertain the condition of the records of
the churches antedating the present century, and to
transcribe and publish them. It found that a num-
ber of these records have been copied, the copies
being in possession of persons now members of our
Society, and a few records have been published, or are
now in process of publication, as recited herein. The
Committee has caused to be transcribed the records
of all the remaining churches, so far as they could be
obtained. Grateful acknowledgment is due to the
courtesy of the Pastors and Consistories, who have,
in most cases, forwarded the original books to the
Committee in New- York.
The records of the following churches have been
copied, and are in possession of The Holland Society.
The date first given is that of the organization of the
church, and the others the period included in the
records copied ; in some cases, however, the records
are not continuous :
New-York, 1628.
Baptisms,
1731-1800
Flatlands, 1654.
Baptisms,
1747-1802
Gravesend, 1655.
Members,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1763-1805
1715-1805
1763-1805
Brooklyn, 1660.
Members,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1660-1705
1660-1709
1660-1709
Bergen, 1662.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Burials,
1664-1769
1665-1788
1666-1788
1666-
Schenectady, 1670.
Marriages,
1699-1761
25
Hackensack, 1686.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1686-1801
1695-1802
1686-1802
1686-1802
Aequackenonck (Passalck),
1693.
Members,
Marriages,
" Baptisms,
Consistory,
1726-1815
1725-1816
1692-1816
1694-1816
TaiTytown, 1697.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1697-1775
1698-1790
1697-1790
1697-1790
Freehold and Middletown,
1699.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
[ Consistory,
1710-1850
1736-1851
1709-1851
1710-1851
Second River (Belleville),
1700.
Members,
Marriages,
' Baptisms,
Consistory,
1726-1786
1730-1776
1727-1794
1726-1793
Schaghticoke, 1707.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
17.57-1780
1769-1802
1752-1800
1751-1800
Kinderbook, 1712.
Marriages,
Baptisms,
1717-1799
1718-1795
Schoharie, 1720.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1730-1800
1732-1799
1731-1800
1730-1776
Schraalenburgh, 1724.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1733-1800
1724-1858
1724 - 1858
1731 - 1800
Paramus, 1725.
Members,
Baptisms,
1799
1740-1850
26
Newtown, 1731.
Members,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1741-1802
1736-1845
1736-1801
Katskill and Kockshockie,
1732.
) Marriages,
y Baptisms,
1732-1833
1732-1833
Montgomery, 1732.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1739-1797
1734-1778
1732-1807
1732-1800
Coxsackie, 1732.
Baptisms,
1738-1811
Pompton Plains, 1736.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
1737
1736-1809
1734-1871
Stone Arabia, 1740.
Marriages,
Baptisms,
1742-1797
1740-1802
Niskayuna, 1750.
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1783-1805
1783-1799
Nichanic and North
Branch, 1752.
i Baptisms,
1762-1796
Persepenny or Boon ton
(now Montville), 1756.
) Marriages,
' Baptisms,
1826-1873
1786-1870
Shodack, 1756.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1770-1835
1788-1835
1770-1835
1771 - 1832
Fonda, 1758.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1771 - 1795
1773-1803
1760-1802
1772-1796
Beaverdam (now Berne), 17(
53. Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1767-1782
1787-1800
1763-1800
1771-1802
Conewago, Pa., 1769. Baptisms, 1769-1793
Consistory, fragmentary.
27
Copies of the records of the followiug named
chui'ches have been made for Mr. Wm. F. Wyckoff,
of Brooklyn, N. Y., a member of The Holland So-
ciety, in whose possession they are :
Somerville, N. J. (formerly ) Members, 1699-1886
Raritan), 1699. ) Baptisms, 1699-1886
Ti I, ij 1 T.T-JJ1 i. ~) Members, 1709-1817
Freehold aud Middletown ( ,, . ^^^n loo^
T»i IV X -i ^nn y Marriages, 1736 - 1824
(now Marlboro), 1699. ( „ ^. ^ ,^nn lo-i
^ " J Baptisms, 1709 -18ol
Six-mile Run, 1710. Baptisms, 1743-1849
Readingtou, N. J. (formerly » Members, 1720-1886
I
North Branch), 1719. f Baptisms, 1721-1886
HarUngen, 1727. Members, 1727-1884
Marriages, 1799-1883
Jamaica, 1702. Members, 1702 to date.
Baptisms, 1702 to date.
Consistory, { ^-^1?^
New Brunswick, 1717. Members, 1750-1794
Marriages, 1794-1845
Baptisms, 1717-1849
In addition to these records, Mr. "Wyckoff has a
census of most of the ancient graveyards of Somer-
set County, N. J., and vicinity, as indicated by the
headstones.
Copies of the records of the following named
churches are in possession of Mr. Samuel Burhans,
Jr., of New- York, a member of The Holland Society :
Kingston, 1660. Marriages, 1660-1841
Baptisms, 1660-1877
] Members, 1704-1722
New- York (Dutch Luther- I Burials, 1704-1771
an), 1663. f Mamages, 1704-1801
] Baptisms, 1704-1807
28
(These records also include other places along the
Hudson Eiver, and in New Jersey.)
New Paltz, 1683.
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Rocliester, Ulster Co., 1701. Marriages,
Baptisms,
Pisbkill, 1716.
Poughkeepsie, 1716.
Claverack, 1717.
Linlithgow, 1722.
Germantown, N. Y., 1728.
Courtlandtown, 1729.
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Baptisms,
Caatsbaan (Sangerties), 1730. Marriages,
Baptisms,
Rhinebeck, 1731.
Deer Park, Port Jervis.
Marbletown, 1737.
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
Consistory,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
1733-1843
i 1683-1693
) 1731 -1848
1739-1777
1750-1855
1731-1850
1731-1850
1746-1835
r 1716-1725
^1737-1745
(1765-1839
1727-1788
1727-1788
1722-1866
1723-1867
1722-1855
1722-1790
1379-1844
1736-1850
1729-1850
1741-1830
1735-1875
1730-1875
1731-1881
1730-1880
1745-1791
1738-1825
1716-1827
1741-1750
1746-1855
1787-1855
29
Wawarsing, 1745.
Marriages,
Baptisms,
1748-
1745-
-1852
-1852
Gallatin (now Greenbush,
Manor Livingston), 1746.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
1 Consistory,
1746-
1759-
1748-
1765-
-1860
-1870
-1872
-1834
Shawangunk, 1750.
Marriages,
Baptisms,
1751-
1750-
-1850
-1849
New Hackensack, 1758.
Members,
Marriages,
Baptisms,
1766-
1765-
1756-
-1826
-1836
-1845
Hopewell, 1757.
Marriages,
Baptisms,
1766-
1758-
-1829
-1841
New Hurley, 1770.
Marriages,
Baptisms,
1771-
1770-
-1850
-1850
Conewago, Pa., 1769.
Baptisms,
Consistory,
1769-
1777-
-1793
-1792
Pleasant Valley, N. Y.,
1792
Rombonts, Pr. Ch.,
1750-
-1774
New Salem, N. Y.,
1790
Guilderland,
1786
GuUderland Luth.,
1784
Bethlehem, N. Y.,
1794
Ghent, N. Y.,
1775
SEVENTH ANNUAL DINNER OF THE HOL-
LAND SOCIETY OF NEW-YORK.
Januaey 14, 1892.
•■>^-w-^-k|HE Seventh Annual Dinner of The Hol-
^jNl^i^ land Society of New- York was held on the
^a(I|^« evening of Thursday, January 14, in the
1 theater of the Manhattan Athletic Club
building, Madison Avenue and Forty-fifth street.
The Dinner Committee consisted of Messrs. George
W. Van Siclen, Chairman ; Augustus Van Wyck,
William J. Van Arsdale, Henry S. Van Beureu,
Eugene Van Schaick, and Charles A. Van der Hoof.
The Committee spared no pains to make the whole
affair as truly Dutch as possible. The hall was pro-
fusely draped with orange colors. Tulips from Hol-
land, and oranges and sprigs from orange-trees, deco-
rated the tables. The menu consisted of a number
of dishes in the Dutch style. The ice-cream was
served in a regular Dutch wooden shoe, and a little
jug of imported gin was given to each guest. " Pijpen
en Tabak " wei'e also served, the pipes being of a very
curious and unique shape, and made in Holland es-
jSf^fntlj ^^nuiial X^innrr of
StJf Holland jScciftJ^ cf I^ftD^it.
1SS5
1S92
William the silent.
PETER BOR.
CDauijattan
3it\)Utit aiul)
jBuiltiins,
45tlj jSr. ant> ilia&ison J^Xc
Jamuirp U, 1892.
JOHN OF BARNEVELT.
jSpijsfeaart.
De Weleerwaarde Heer John G. van Slyke, Th. D., zal aan Tafel voorbidden.
]^]auwe 3liandtongsche Ousters.
GROTIUS.
Hoog-Sauterneswijn.
jSoep
en.
Sint Germainsehe Room.
Volmaakte Seep in Regence Stijl.
Amontillado.
y^ijschoteljes.
Selderij. Olijven. Radijs. Haringen,
Mondvols Montglas.
"^^isch.
Zalm, Hollandsehe Stijl.
Konikommer Sla.
Chateau Margaux.
BOERHAAVE
(^ekruide (^erechten.
Ossehaas in Amsterdanisehe Stijl.
Doperwten, Fransche Stijl.
Aardappelen in Friesche Stijl.
Kapoens Borst in Montpensier Stijl.
Snijboonen, Engelsehe Stijl.
Ruinart, wrang wijn.
Bijzonder Perrier Jouet.
G. H. Mumm, buitengewoondroog
SORBET, Maraschino, in klompen. Russiselie Cigarretten.
(^ebraad.
Kanefasrug Eendvogels. Gekruide Selderij-SIa.
Aalbessen Saus. Beaune.
^I^agerecht.
Versehillende Koekjes. Ijs. Kaas. Vruchter
^emonteerde ^tukken.
Koffi<
Likeuren,
Sigaren.
(gekruide (^oudsche J^ijpen en ^abak.
ERASMUS.
I- <She ^olland jgociety of X^ew -"^ork.
President Geo. M. van Hoesen.
Music. Harinj^lied.
II. ^^oUand.
JOHN DEWITT
Ode, " To Holland." By the Rev. C. S. Vedder, D. D.
Pastor of the Huguenot Church, Charleston, S. C.
Music. Wien Neerlandsch Bloed.
III. (gjhe lOutch 'Y't^ast in the 0nglish Qake.
VAN MARNIX.
Rev. William Elliot Griffis, D. D.
Pastor of the Shawmut Congregational Church, Boston, Mass.
Music. VlagereLied
IV. C(olbert and the C[orlaer.
Rev. Chas. H. Hall, D. D.
Rector of Trinity Church, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Music. De Kabels loos.
V. X)li'^*^"Ji Religious [Jjiberty, freedom to worship
(^od. not irreligious license to worship nobody.
The Rev. Geo. R. van de Water, D. D. v
Rector of St. Andrew's Church, Harlem, N. V.
Music. WiUielmus van Nassauwen.
VI. tSChat X know about the X)utch.
\'^
REMBRANDT.
Rev. T. De Witt Talmage,
Pastor of the Brooklyn Tabernacle.
Music. Piet Hein.
VII. <^he X)utchman as S^eacher.
Austin Scott, Ph. D. (Leipsic),
President of Rutgers College, New Brunswick, N. J.
Music. "Wij leven vrij.
VIII. X^olland as a ^^efuge for the Oppressed.
JACOB CATS
Rev. Talbot W. Chambers, S. T. D., LL. D.
Senior Acting Minister of the Collegiate Dutch Church, New- York.
Music. Als is ons l,andje nog zoo klein.
PIET HEIN.
C[o"ii"isfsif tot ccgding Mm ben 0^naltijJ5.
(^eo. XSX van jSiclen,
"^oorzitter.
Augustus van tSCyck,
XSZm. 3[. van ^rsdale,
!E^tmry jQ. van ^XB^uren,
^ugene van jQchaick,
C[harles jQ^. van der ^E^oof.
\,%
VAN TROMP,
DE RUYTER.
31
pecially for the occasion. Everything was Dutch,
so far as the Dinner Committee could make it so.
The names of the membei's and guests present are
as follows, with the location of seats :
A TABLE
Andrews, F. H E
B
Banta, Cornelius V G-
Banta, John B
Banta, Theodore M E
Barnes, Edward C
Beekman, Henry M. T C
Bennett, W. W F
Bergen, E. J - F
Bergen, Francis H F
Bergen, James J C
Bergen, John W. H p
Bergen, Tunis G F
Berry, John F F
Berry, Richard J F
Betts, E. K D
Blauvelt, a B
Bradt, Sam'l C C
Bloodgood, Delavan B
Blydenburgh, Benjajiin B., Jr G
Blydenburgh, John B G
BoGART, Andrew D A
BoGERT, Henry L D
BoGERT, Walter L D
BoGERT, Charles E B
BOOKSTAVER, H. W DaIS
BooRAEM, John V. V G
BooRAEM, Louis V G
Bowers, Arthur F A
Bradley, C. W D
Bray, Chas E
Brower, Abraham G C
Brower, Charles De Hart E
Brower, David F
Brower, John A
Buckley, "W. T E
32
C TABLE
Cadmus, Cornelius A C
Carroll, Howard D
Chambers, Rev. T. "W • . . Dais
Clayton, C. H B
Clearwater, A. T E
Clute, Jacob "W G
Coleman, James S A
Conover, Stacy P C
Coster, Morris A
COYKENDALL, SaMUEL D E
Crall, L. H E
Cruser, Matthias V. D C
D
Dalton, Geo. . B
Daly, Charles P Dais
DeBaun, Peter B
De Bevoise, Isaac C P
DePrece, a. B A
DeGratf, Alfred . A
Dennison, G B
DePeyster, Fred J Dais
Devoe, p. W A
De Witt, Moses J D
De Witt, Thomas D E
DeWitt, Henry C G
DeWitt, Thomas M A
Deyo, Andrew E
Deyo, Jacob E
DivEN, John M A
Dixon, Jonathan 0
Du Bois, Cornelius G
Du Bois, Elijah E
DuGRO, P. H Dais
DuMOND, Cornelius J B
DuRYEE, Joseph W A
Duryee, William R G
E
EcKERSON, Peter Q B
Elsworth, Edward E
Elting, Ezekiel J E
33
TABLE
Elting, Irving E
Elting, Jacob E
Elting, Jesse E
Elting, Peter J E
F
Farrar, J. M A
Faunce, H. P A
Fleming, Geo. H E
Floyd, Aug D
G
Gallaway, R. M A
Garretson, Garrett J B
Garrison, William D C
Gayer, Jajies F
Graham, Jas. F G
Griffis, Wm. E Dais
Groesbeck, William C D
GuLicK, Alexander R C
GuLicK, Charlton R C
GuLiOK, Ernestus S A
H
Haight, Edward A
Hall, Rev. Charles H Dais
Hardenbergh, J. W C
Harper, Edward B Dais
Hasbrouck, D. a E
Hasbrouck, Ferdinand E
Hasbrouck, Frank E
Hasbrouck, George W E
Hasbrouck, John C E
Hasbrouck, Joseph E E
Heermance, William L E
Hendricks, Francis Dais
Hennessy, C. O'C E
Hoes, William M A
Hoes, P. V. B A
Henry, Nelson H G
Hertle, Jno. C B
Horwill, Wm. E B
Houghtaling, David H G
Hubbard, H. B F
5
34
TABLE
Hubbard, Sajiuel M F
HuLST, Edward T F
HuLST, E. C F
Hunt, John W B
Hurst, F. W Dais
HuYCK, Francis C G
I
Ives, Wm. Jay D
J
Jacobus, David S D
James, Thos. L D
Jansen, John N C
Johnson, Jere., Jr F
K
Kent, A. H G
Kerr, Joseph E
Keteltas, Henry A
King, A. B B
L
Lefferts, John F
Lefferts, John, Jr F
Lefferts, Robert F
Le Roy, Otis G
Longstbeet, J. H C
Lott, James V F
M
Marsellus, Max De M G
Maze, A. B B
McClure, David Dais
McElroy, W. H B
Meserole, Walter M E
Meyer, Geo. A A
Miller, Warner Dais
Montague, Geo G
MoNTANYE, George E B
Montanye, Lewis F B
MoNTANYE, William H B
Montgomery, Jas. M G
Moore, Henry A B
35
TABLE
Morgan, D. Parker Dais
Morris, Fred P Dais
Myer, Isaac E
N
Nelson, R D
Nelson, T. A A
Nostrand, George E F
NOSTRAND, J. LOTT F
O
Oakey, John B
Onderdonk, Andrew J G-
Onderdonk, Thojias W B
Ormsby, W. D., Jr C
p
Palmer, Capt. R. E A
Pearson, Wm. E C
Penfold, E D
PiAGET, Louis A C
Porter, Jas. S G
Porter, Thomas W G
Pball, John H A
Pyle, W. S D
Q
Quackenbush, Abm C
Quackenbush, Abm. C D
Quackenbush, John Dais
R
Rapelye, Augustus B
Raymond, Frank D
Richards, J • G
RicKERSON, Chas. L A
RiKER, John C G
RiKER, John J G
RiKER, John L G
RiKER, Wm. J G
RoosA, Hyman E
Roosevelt, Chas. H B
Roosevelt, Fred B
Rollins, Dan'l G Dais
Romajne, Dewitt C B
36
TABLE
RooME, J. V. B B
Roosevelt, Rob't B Dais
Roosevelt, Rob't B., Jr F
Saxinders, S. M A
Schenck, a. a D
SCHENCK, H. DE B F
Schenck, Peter L A
Schenck, Wm. B ■ ■ • D
SCHERMERHORN, J. MaUS D
SCHOONMAKER, ADRLVN O E
SCHOONMAKER, AUGUSTUS DaIS
SCHOONMAKER, FREDERICK "W E
SCHOONIVIAKER, GeORGE B E
SCHOONMAKER, JaMES M E
SCHOONMAKER, JOHN D
SCHOONMAKER, J. G F
SCHOONMAKER, J. S E
SCHOONMAKER, L. E C
SCHOONMAKER, SyLVANUS L E
schoonmaker, "william d c
Scott, Austin Dais
schumaker, john g f
Schuyler, C. C C
Schuyler, Herman P C
Schuyler, M. Roosevelt G
Sickles, Robert D
Skillman, Francis G
Slingerland, George W D
Slingerland, W. H D
Sloane, John Dais
Slote, H. L A
Starin, J. H D
Storm, Walton F
Streeter, M. B B
Strong, Jas. R G
Stryker, Samuel S A
Stuyvesant, Peter J D
Sutphen, John S E
SuTPHEN, Joseph "W F
Sutphen, Paul S F
SuYDAM, James D
37
TABLE
"SuYDAM, J. Howard E
SuYDAM, Lambert D
SuYDAM, William F B
SWABTWOUT, SaTTERLEE A
SwiTZ, J. Livingston E
T
Tailer, E. N A
Talmage, T. DeWitt Dais
Terhune, H. S Gr
Thompson, J. E D
Thurber, 0. E A
Traphagan, Henry C
Truax, Charles H Dais
Tyson, C. H C
V
Van Allen, Lucas L F
Van Brunt, Charles F
Van Brunt, John Holmes F
Van Cleve, Frank . .- C
Van De Bogert, George 0 D
Van De Bogert, Giles D
Van den Toorn, W. H Dais
Van der Beek, Frank I C
Van der Beek, Frank I., Jr C
Van dek Beek, Isaac I C
Van der Beek, Isaac P C
Van der Hoof, Charles A B
Vanderpoel, Eugene F
Van der Poel, H. W A
Van der Veer, Albert Dais
Van der Veer, Frank F A
Van der Veer, John R C
Van der Veer, Lawrence C
Van der Veer, Thos A
Van Deventer, David P G
Van Deventer, George M A
Van De Water, George R Dais
Van Epps, Evert P G
Van Etten, E E
Van Etten, Amos D
Van Gaasbeek, Wynfobd A
Van Hoesen, George M Dais
38
TABLE
Van Hoesen, John W B
Van Houten, D. B A
Van Hoevenbebg, James D. F
Van Horne, John G C
Van Inwegen, Charles F D
Van Kexjren, Cornelius B
Van Loan, Andrew B B
Van Loan, Eugene B
Van Ness, R. W C
Van Nest, Frank R F
Van Nostrand, John E B
Van Pelt, Townsend C F
Van Reypen, Cornelius C B
Van Reypen, Wm. K B
Van Santvoord, Henry S C
Van Schaick, Eugene E
Van Siclen, Arthur E
Van Siclen, George W B
Van Slyke, John G Dais
Van Vliet, Deuse M E
Van Voorhis, Menzo E
Van Vranken, Josiah B
Van Wagenen, Hubert C
Van Wagenen, John N 6
Van Wagenen, John R C
Van Winkle, John A C
Van Woert, James B D
Van Woert, John V D
Van Wormer, Fred ■ . D
Van Wormer, Jasper . . . • D
Van Wormer, John Rufus D
Van Wyck, Augustus Dais
Van Wyck, Jacob S D
Van Wyck, Jacob T B
Van Wyck, Robert A B
Van Wyck, Richard F
Valk, Francis A
Varick, J. Leonard G
Varick, Theodore R G
Vedder, Maus R A
Veeder, Harman W E
Vermilye, Thomas E., Jb A
Viel6, Egbert L Dais
39
TABLE
ViscHER, John H D
Von Glahn, John G-
VooRHEES, Albert V. B F
VooRHEES, Anson A F
VoORHEES, ChAS. H D
VOORHEES, JuDAH B F
VooRHEES, Peter L C
VooRHEES, Peter V C
VooRHis, Chas. H C
Vreeland, Cornelius D C
Vreeland, Joslab P C
Veooman, John W Dais
w
Walker, W. D. C
Wandell, Townsend A
"Webb, T. Egerton A
Wemple, Edward D
Wendell, Jacob A
Wendell, Jacob I D
Wendell, Menzo E D
Wendell, Willis D
Whitbeck, a. J B
Williamson, Cornelius T C
Williamson, Henry V B
Wilson, Arthitr D
Wright, H. I D
Wyckopf, George H D
Wyckoff, Peter B
Wyceoff, Peter B A
Wynkoop, James D C
At the table in the Dais sat the President, Hon.
George M, Van Hoesen, and with him were the fol-
lowing gentlemen: Rev, Dr. Wm. Elliott Griffis,
Rev. Dr. C. H. Hall, Rev. Dr. Van De Water, Rev.
Dr. T. De Witt Talmage, Dr. Austin Scott, Rev. Dr.
T. W. Chambers, Chief Justice Chas. P. Daly, F. W.
Hurst, John Sloane, David McClure, Rev. D. Parker
Morgan, Warner Miller, Edward B. Harper, Fred. P.
Morris, Robt. B. Roosevelt, Judge Augustus Van
40
Wyck, Judge P. H. Dugi-o, Dan'l G. Rollins, Fred. J.
De Peyster, Gen, Egbert L. Viel6, Dr. Albert Van
Der Veer, W. H. Van Den Toorn, Francis Hendricks,
Eev. J. Q-. Van Slyke, John W. Vrooman, Augustus
Schoonmaker, Judge C. H. Truax, Judge H. W.
Bookstaver, John Quackenbusli.
At table A, F. W. Devoe presided : Chas, Lefevre,
Dr. Francis Valk, John Brower, Geo. M. Van De-
venter, Rev. T. A. Nelson, Peter B, Wyckoff, James
S. Coleman, Satterlee Swartwout, Thos. M. DeWitt,
John M. Diven, S. M. Saunders, Capt. R. E. Palmer,
R. F. Townsend Wandell, John H. Prall, E. N. Tailer,
T. Egerton Webb, Jacob Wendell, D. B. Van Houten,
H. W. Vanderpoel, E. B. Meeks, John Yard, W. M.
Hoes, P. V. B. Hoes, Rev. W. H. P. Faunce, Morris
Coster, E. S. Gulick, F. F. Van Der Veer, Thos. C.
Van Der Veer, Thos, E. Vermilye, Jr., Dr. Maus R.
Vedder, J. W, Duryee, Edward Haight, Henry Ke-
teltas, S. S, Stryker, Dr. P. L. Schenck, A. B. De
Frece, Wynford Van Gaasbeek, O. E. Thurber, Chas,
L. Rickerson, Rev. J. M. Farrar, Alfred DeGraff, An-
drew D. Bogart, H. L. Slote, Geo. A. Meyer, R. M.
Gallaway, Arthur F. Bowers.
At table B, Geo. W. Van Siclen presided: Geo.
Dalton, J. Van Vranken, Mr. Vedder, Jacob T. Van
Wyck, Robt. A. Van Wyck, John C. Hertle, Dr. C. J.
Dumond,W. F. Suydam, Peter DeBaun, Chas. E. Bo-
gert, C. H. Clayton, A. B. Maze, Henry V.Williamson,
John W. Van Hoesen, Aug. Rapelye, Garret J. Gar-
retson, Wm. E. Horwill, M. B. Streeter, John Oakey,
Chas. H. Roosevelt, W. H. McElroy, C. A. Vander-
hoof, A. B. King, John W. Hunt, C. C. Van Reypen,
Dr. W, K, Van Reypen, U, S, K, Dr. Delavan Blood-
good, U. S. N., P. Q. Eekerson, W. H. Montanye, G.
41
E. Montanye, Dr. A. Blauvelt, Dr. C. Van Keuren,
Dr. DeW. C. Eomaine, John Banta, Aug. Rapelye,
Garret J. Garretson, G. Dennisou, Henry A. Moore,
Peter Wyckoff, John E. Van Nostrand, J. V. B.
Roome, A. J. "WTiitbeek, A. B. Van Loan, Eugene
Van Loan.
At table C, Chas. De Hart Brower presided : C. H,
Tyson, Jas. D. Wyukoop, John G. Van Home, J. W.
Hardenbergh, John E. Van Wagenen, Hubert Van
Wagenen, "W. D. Garrison, C. T. Williamson, Rev.
John N. Jansen, J. J. Bergen, Sam'l C, Bradt, L. E.
Schoonmaker, W. D. Sehoonmaker, Abm. Quaken-
bush, H. S.Van Santvoord, Edward Barnes, Frank I.
Van Der Beek, Jr., Wm. E. Pearson, Isaac I. Van Der
Beek, Henry Traphagen, J. H. Longstreet, Stacey P.
Conover, W. D. Ormsby, Jr., W. D. Walker, A. G.
Brower, Herman P. Schuyler, Dr. C. C. Schuyler,
Peter Van Voorhees, Peter L. Voorhees, Frank Van
Cleve, Louis A. Piaget, Cornelius A. Cadmus, J. Al-
bert Van Winkle, J. Pierson Vreeland, Cornelius D.
Vreeland, Dr. C. R. Gulick, A. R. Gulick, M. V. D.
Cruser, Chas. H. Voorhis, Judge Jonathan Dixon,
Isaac P. Van Der Beek, Frank I. Van Der Beek, H.
M. T. Beekman, R. W, Van Ness, Lawrence Van Der
Veer, John R. Van Der Veer.
At table D, J. Maus Schermerhorn presided : Frank
Raymond, Geo. H. Wyckoff, Wm. J. Ives, G. W. Slin-
gerland, C. W. Bradley, Giles Y. Van de Bogert, Geo.
O. Van de Bogert, Robert Sickels, Willis Wendell,
Jasper Van Wormer, Frederic Van Wormer, Jacob
S. Van Wyck, Amos Van Etten, Chas. F. Van In-
wegen, James Suydam, Abm. C. Quackenbush, Lam-
bert Suydam, R. Nelson, J. E. Thompson, Jas. B. Van
Woert, W. S. Pyle, H. I. Wright, Peter J. Stuyve-
42
sant, John R. Van Wormer, Thomas L. James, John
H. Starin, Howard Carroll, Edward Wemple, Moses
J. DeWitt, Jacob I.Wendell, M. E. Wendell, E. K.
Betts, Arthur Wilson, Archibald A. Schenck, W. E.
Schenck, D. S. Jacobus, John Schoonmaker, J. H.
Visscher, Wm. C. G-roesbeek, E. Penf old, John V. Van
Voert, Chas. H. Voorhees, Aug. Floyd, Walter L.
Bogert, Henry L. Bogert.
At table E, Eugene Van Schaick presided : David
P. Baillie, Geo. H. Fleming, Harman W. Veeder,
Menzo Van Voorhis, T. W. Onderdonk, Thos. D. De
Witt, Joseph Kerr, J. M. Schoonmaker, J. S. Schoon-
maker, Geo. B. Schoonmaker, F. W. Schoonmaker,
S. L, Schoonmaker, A. 0. Schoonmakei", Charles
Bray, Elijah Du Bois, Hyman Roosa, Andrew Deyo,
Peter J. Elting, E. J. Elting, J. E. Hasbrouck, Arthur
Van Siclen, Irvington Elting, W. L. Heermance,
E. Van Etten, S. D. Coykendall, C. O'C. Hennessy,
J. Livingston Swits, Isaac Myer, Theo. M. Banta,
John S. Sutphen, M. Roosevelt Schuyler, Fred.
Roosevelt, W. T. Buckley, L. H. Crall, F. H. Andrews,
Dense M. Van Vliet, Walter M. Meserole, Jacob Deyo,
Jesse Elting, Jacob Elting, D, A. Hasbrouck, Rev.
J. Howard Suydam, Geo. W. Hasbrouck, F. Has-
brouck, J. C. Hasbrouck, Edward Elsworth, Frank
Hasbrouck, A. T. Clearwater, D. H. Houghtaling.
At table F, Walton Stoi-m presided: J. D. Van
Hoevenbergh, David Brower, John F. Berry, J.
Holmes Van Brunt, Charles Van Brunt, Winant W.
Bennett, James V. Lott, A. V. B. Voorhees, Jere.
Johnson, Jr., John G. Schumaker, Richard J. Berry,
Sam'l M. Hubbard, W. B. Hubbard, Lucas L. Van
Allen, James Gayer, F. R, Van Nest, Eugene Van der
Poel, Tunis G. Bergen, Francis H. Bergen, John W.
43
Bergen, E, T. Hulst, C. C. Hulst, Isaac C. DeBevoise,
H. de B. Schenck, Rich'd Van Wyck, Geo. E. Nos-
trand, Jolin Lefferts, Robert Lefferts, John Lefferts,
Jr., Josepli W. Sutphen, Rev. Paul F. Sutphen, E. J.
Bergen, Townsend C. Van Pelt, Anson A. Voorhees,
Judah B. Voorhees.
At table G, John L. Riker presided : Henry C. De
Witt, John Von Glahn, Francis C. Huyek, Jacob "W.
Clute, Evert P. Van Epps, J. Leonard Varick, T. R.
Varick, Wm. R. Duryee, J. Richards, C. V. Banta,
Cornelius DuBois, Louis V. Booraem, J.V.V. Booraem,
Francis Skillman, B. B. Blydenburgh, J. B. Blyden-
burgh, Wm. J. Riker, Geo. Montague, Dr. Nelson H.
Henry, Jas. F. Graham, David P. Van Deventer, Jr.,
H. S. Terhuue, John N. Van Wagenen, A. J. Onder-
donk, A. H. Kent, Thos. W.Porter, M. De M. Marsel-
lus, Jas. Soutter Porter, Jas. M. Montgomery, Jas.
Remsen Strong, Otis LeRoy, John J. Riker.
The toasts and speakers were as follows :
1. The Holland Society of New-Yorh.
President Geo. M. Van Hoesen.
Music : Haringlied.
2. Holland. Ode, To Holland.
By the Rev. C. S. Vedder, D. D.,
Pastor of the Huguenot Church, Charleston, S. C.
Music : Wien Neerlandsch Bloed.
3. The Butch Yeast in the English Calce.
Rev. William Elliott Griffis, D. D.,
Pastor of the Shawmut Congregational Church, Boston, Mass.
Music : Vlaggelied.
44
4. Colbert and the Corlaer.
Eev. Chas. H. Hall, D. D.,
Rector of Trinity Church, Brooklyn, N. Y.
Music : De Kabels loos.
5. Butch Religions Liberty. Freedom to worship God, not
irreligious license to worship nobody.
Rev. Geo. R. Van De Water, D. D.,
Rector of St. Andrew's Church, Harlem, N. Y.
Music : Wilhelmus van Nassauwen.
6. What I Knoiv about the Dutch.
Rev. Dr. T. De Witt Talmage,
Pastor of the Brooklyn Tabernacle.
Music: Piet Hein.
7. The Dutchman as Teacher.
Austin Scott, Ph. D. (Leipsic),
President of Rutgers College, New Brunswick, N. J.
Music : Wij leven vrij.
8. Holland as a Refuge for the Oppressed.
Rev. Talbot W. Chambers, S. T. D., LL. D.,
Senior Acting Minister of the Collegiate Dutch Church, New-York.
Music : Al is ons Landje nog zoo klein.
After full justice had been done to the excellent
dinner provided, the President, Judge George M. Van
Hoesen, called the assemblage to order and made the
following address :
^e-
)o
cXyV\
^>
ADDRESS OF WELCOME OF
PRESIDENT GEO. M. VAN HOESEN.
'f75B«T^l HE most unpleasant object that could im-
S'®!^^ press itself upon the retina of any Euro-
P^ll^^ pean or any American gentleman would
' be his ancestor in the fortieth remove.
Whether he be English, French, Oerman, Dutch,
Russian, Spanish, Italian, or Scandinavian, his pro-
genitor in the seventh centiuy was, almost to a cer-
tainty, a savage from the swamps or the forests of
northern Europe. Researches in genealogy, like any
other investigation, may be pushed too far, and pru-
dence dictates that any inquiry into the origin of
nations should be conducted with a temperance that
will give it smoothness. The childhood of nations,
like the childhood of the individual, is filled with
incidents that claim the privacy of the nursery.
In tracing oui- origin to the Netherlands we have
in mind the Netherlands that our fathers left; not
the meadows of the Batavi or the Frisii, but the
land that had been changed from a dreary morass
into a tulip-decked garden; from the lurking-place
of savages into the homes of a highly civilized
46
people, who may be almost said to have created the
country in which they dwelt, and who, in defense of
the amphibious world that smiled around them, won
a name among the nations for fortitude and desper-
ate courage that eclipsed their reputation for indus-
try and thrift. Our fathers left Holland in the heroic
age of the republic, and it is that Holland whose tra-
ditions became household words in the homes they
founded in the New World of which we shall think
and speak to-night.
We shall be told by eloquent lips of that combina-
tion of head and heart that enabled our Dutch pro-
genitors to fashion in the early dawn of civilization
institutions that we have adopted as our own in the
midday splendor of our national existence. We are
asking for the Australian ballot, but the secret writ-
ten ballot is indigenous not to New Holland, but to
old Holland. Many of the safeguards of our liberty
to which it is common to ascribe English nativity
are undoubtedly of Dutch birth. Among them is the
precious muniment of safety to the citizen that forms
the sixth amendment to the Constitution of the
United States, and which entitles the accused to be
confronted with the witnesses against him, and to
have the assistance of counsel in his defense. This
was the law of the Netherlands at a time when the law
of England denied to the prisoner accused of felony
the aid of counsel or the opportunity of calHng wit-
nesses in his favor. Furthei'more, no man could be
arrested in the Netherlands without the warrant of a
burgomaster, unless he were caught in the very act
of perpetrating a crime; a piisoner could not be kept
more than three days without a trial or an examma-
tion, and if unable to employ counsel, a lawyer of abil-
47
ity of his own selection was assigned to his defense
at the expense of the government. The courts were
open to all who chose to become spectators of their
proceedings. These were Dutch laws while England
was still in the grasp of the Star Chamber. We have
engrafted them upon our own institutions, but there
are matters in which our practice differs widely from
that of the Dutch. I will mention one. In Holland
civic oflBces were conferred upon natives only. But
though civic offices were not open to men of foreign
birth, the latch-string was always on the outside to
the exile and the stranger. Wide and warm as was
the hospitality of old Amsterdam, her daughter on
the island of Manhattan rivaled if she did not sur-
pass her in cordiality. In 1641 Father Jogues, the
Jesuit, visited New Amsterdam, and found a town
of 400 inhabitants, among whom 18 different lan-
guages were spoken. We were even then the haven
of the refugee, for all forms of religious behef were
tolerated. We are sometimes told that our record
for toleration is not unspotted; but whatever stains
Stuy vesant may have brought upon it by his bigotry
were effaced by the prompt action of the authorities
in Holland. I wiU quote one among many proofs of
this. When Stuyvesant had persecuted and driven
out John Bowne, the Quaker, the West India Com-
pany gave him a rebuke in words that ought to have
a place on the fly-leaf of every catechism: "The
consciences of men ought to remain free and un-
shackled. Let every man remain free as long as he
is modest, moderate, his political conduct irreproach-
able, and as long as he commits no offense against
others, or against the government. This maxim of
moderation has always been the guide of our magis-
48
trates in Amsterdam, and the consequence has been
that the people have flocked from every land to this
asylum. Tread thus in their steps, and we doubt not
you will be blessed."
It is not the tremendous energy of the Dutch, their
ceaseless industry, their conquests over the sea, their
enterprise that penetrated into the remotest quarters
of the globe, and brought back golden treasures to
enrich their homes, that we, their descendants,
esteem the valuable part of our patrimony of race;
our pride is in the unconquerable spirit that sus-
tained them in their awful struggle for civil and
religious liberty, and in that rarest of all qualities,
the willingness to concede to others the same liberty
that they claimed for themselves. Their readiness
to maintain their rights by the sword, and their
acknowledgment of the rights of others — these
are the characteristics that have won for them the
respect of the world, and make us proud to claim
kindred with them.
In the spirit of the hospitality that ruled old
Amsterdam and New Amsterdam, I bid welcome to
all who have gathered at this board. To the English,
the old-time enemy of our fathers in Europe and of
our fathers in America, we give a cordial greeting.
We address them in the words that Thackeray used
in speaking to an audience in New- York: "Com-
rades, enemies no longer, brothers speaking the same
dear mother-tongue ! " When the Dutch, aided by the
American frigate Charlestoivn, engaged the English
fleet at Doggersbank, both sides were so crippled
that the ships, no longer able to control their own
movements, drifted helplessly apart, as if nature
were resolved to put an end to the conflict.
49
To the Yankees our greeting is not less warm.
Their encroachments on Connecticut and on Long
Island no longer cause us the slightest apprehen-
sion or annoyance. The more we see of them the
more we wish to see, for our hospitality has brought
us a return beyond our fondest expectations. To use
an expression that then* enemies would say embodies
a Yankee sentiment, hospitality pays.
To the serious, earnest, vigorous Scotch, close
neighbors and good friends of our fathers, we give
the greeting that belongs to long and pleasant ac-
quaintance. "We could with propriety join them in
"Auld Lang Syne," but as Americans, with a future,
we ask them to join us in "There 's a good time
coming," and in all the pleasures of that good time
may they have their full share !
To the Irish we of New Netherlands could not be
otherwise than cordial; for to them we owe the dis-
covery and the publication of much that we know
of the early annals of the colony. If Washington
Irving's fame as a historian rested on the Knicker-
bocker history alone, his place would be by the side
of Mark Twain. Diedrich Knickerbocker was a
humorist rather than a historian. The serious work
of exploring the records of the past, and collecting
the disjecta membra of our colonial history, was done
by men of Irish blood. To Dr. O'Callaghan and Chief
Justice Daly we owe a debt of gratitude for the
kindly spirit in which the task was undertaken, and
the more than Flemish fidelity with which it was
performed.
50
In response to the second toast, "Holland," the
following ode was read, written by Rev. C. S. Vedder,
D. D., pastor of the Hviguenot Church, Charleston,
S. C:
HOLLAND.
From out the sea, 0 Motherland,
Our fathers phicked thy maiden strand,
As from the deep,
Where treasures sleep,
The pearl rewards the daring hand.
But not to wear in empty pride,
But not in sordid greed to hide ;
Thy luster shone,
Not theirs alone,
But beamed on all the world beside.
No other's claim their might o'erbore.
Their right to tarnish evermore ;
No hand of spoil
Usui-ped thy soil.
But that which changed the sea to shore.
And when their claim the sea confessed,
With billows stayed, and bended crest,
The home it gave.
From out its wave,
A refuge rose for all oppressed.
Nay, when far angrier billows broke,
Of bigot hate, and war's fell stroke.
Our sires withstood
This sea of blood
With strength no tyrant hand could yoke.
The thrift that wrought, like Moses' rod,
A path where man had never trod.
That highway kept,
By storm unswept,
A land unpromised — yet from God !
51
A land so strong for truth and right,
For chainless thought and Heaven's full light,
That seas again
Should drown thy plain,
Ere these should yield to human spite.
A land where Genius flamed in power,
Where Learning earned its generous dower ;
Whence Commerce sped
With boundless tread,
And Art bloomed forth in beauteous flower.
A land where Knowledge grew for all.
Where Conscience knew no gyve nor thrall ;
Whence exiled bands,
From other lands,
Bore Truth that made old errors fall !
A land of gallant deeds and men.
The praise of stranger tongue and pen —
Too little known
By us, their own,
Till Motley told their tale again, —
Nay, Griffis now as Motley then !
The PEEsroENT: The next toast is "The Dutch
Yeast in the English Cake." In introducing this
toast I wish to make one observation. It has been
the singular good fortune of the Dutch to have their
history, both in the Old World and in the New
World, written with friendly hands by a man not of
their own race. Motley has placed the achievements
of the Dutch before a larger audience than any Hol-
lander could have reached, and in proclaiming their
fame he established his own. Davis, a Welshman,
wrote a history of HoUand with a pen less brilliant
than that of Motley, but with a nice sense of his
duty as a truthful historian, and he produced a work
that any descendant of the Netherlands must read
52
■with pride. And now that a new scandal has
been invented, a fresh and vigorous champion has
entered the lists to repel the aspersion of inhospital-
ity to the Puritans. He has advocated our cause
with a courage that belongs to the race of which he
is a worthy scion, and the Welsh here to-night should
be assured of a cordial welcome on two grounds:
first, theu' own right to it, and secondly, that they
are the congeners of William EUiott Griffis. I have
the pleasui-e of introducing the Rev. William EUiott
Griffis, D. D., pastor of the Shawmut Congregational
Church, Boston, in whom the descendants of Hol-
landers have a special interest as the author of
" The Influence of the Netherlands upon the Making
of the English Commonwealth and the American
Republic."
REV. WILLIAM ELLIOT GRIFFIS, D. D.
SPEECH OF
EEV. DE. WILLIAM ELLIOTT GEIFFIS.
Mr. President and Members of TJie Holland Society .
^rA|5j;j^LTH0UGH possessed of none of tlie quali-
■^^ ' fications which are derived from ances-
tors for membership in this honorable
Society, yet it has pleased divine provi-
dence at five different times of my life to bring me
into contact with Dutchmen in such a way as to
claim and caU forth my admiration. In the first
place, I was born in a city and State founded by the
son of a Dutch mother. William Penn's father, of
coui'se, had something to do with his coming into
the world ; but his mother trained him. He spoke
Dutch, and he gained many of his converts in Hol-
land when he preached and taught there. While
writing the liberal Constitution of Pennsylvania, he
lived in the Fatherland. Some of the earliest recol-
lections of my life are as a child hearing of WiUiam
Penn and his Dutch mother, and the Dutchmen who
so largely settled in Pennsylvania. I may inform you
here that I had a letter from one of the descendants
54
of these Dutch settlers a few days ago, in which he
tells me that he is about to gather together the de-
scendants of the Hollanders in Philadelphia and
Pennsylvania and form a Holland Society modeled
on your own.
In the second place, it happened that when the
time came for me to go to college I went to Rutgers,
in New Brunswick, N. J., and there, of course, I be-
came interested more or less (a good deal more than
less) in Dutch history and associations.
In the third place, after a visit to Holland, com-
ing back again to settle down to theological study,
I was called to go out to Japan to organize com-
mon schools on the American principle, follow-
ing out the ideas which first of all were planted in
Holland. When I went out among the Japanese I
found that the whole European basis of their cul-
ture was Dutch. And then for the third time I
was brought into contact with the works of the
Hollanders.
In the fourth place, although licensed by a Congre-
gational Society, I was called to be the pastor of the
Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Schenectady,
N. Y., where for nine years I had the honor of
being the " Domine," and I foimd that the people of
Schenectady were of an extraordinarily good sort, and
we agreed together very well. As pastor and people
we carried out the principle of the advice which I
always give to the couples I marry. There are a
great many miscellaneous couples come to me to get
maiTied, and the advice which I venture to give them
is very brief. It is this : " If you ever have a quarrel,
have it one at a time, never both together." And so
sometimes in Schenectady the people quarreled with
55
me, and at other times I quarreled with them, but we
always had a good time together and parted good
friends.
And when I was called over into Yankee-land in
Boston, lo ! and behold, without any seeking of my
own, I was made chairman by the Boston Congre-
gational Club of a committee to secm'e the erec-
tion at Delfshaveu of a monument that is designed
to do honor to the PUgrims and their Dutch hosts.
So in five different ways through divine providence
I have been called close to the Dutchman, and have
found him a warm-hearted man ; and I have become
interested in Dutch history. In fact, I have become
so much interested in it that sometimes I di'eam about
it ; and I will make an honest confession to you that
it is not all a pathway of roses. And why I Because,
in the first place, Dutch history is so little known in
our country. The United States people are so igno-
rant of what the Dutch have done in making our
country that when I put out my ideas gathered
from the readings of fifteen and twenty years, I have
had certain good friends who imagine that I am steal-
ing their ideas. They have a fancy that if any one
knows anything about Dutch history it must be
patented and kept to one's self ; whereas my idea is,
if you know anything speak it out and let everybody
have the benefit of it. But then, on the other hand,
I find that — in quarters down East, for instance —
I am looked upon partly as a heretic and partly as an
iconoclast because I have helped to tumble over some
ideals and rub the gilt off some images. You know
that in many parts of the United States it is thought
that all that is good in our country came from the
PUgrims and Puritans. Whereas we, who know the
56
history of Holland, know better ; and we know that a
great many of the good things which the Pilgrims and
the Puritans brought to New England, they brought
not out of England, but out of Holland. Although
England is the country of my own ancestors, I do not
think you would go there to study federal govern-
ment ; I do not think you would go there to find out
about our government of governments at Washing-
ton. I do not think you would go to England for the
principle that all men are created free and equal — a
principle unknown to English laws. I do not think
you would go to England for the common-school sys-
tem, nor for those features which are most peculiar to
America.
Now, as a matter of fact, the Englishman has come
among us to study us and to tell us about our Amer-
ican Commonwealth, and we are very glad he has
come ; but it has only been since our civil war that
republics have been entirely fashionable. Years ago,
when I was writing "The Life of Commodore
Matthew Calbraith Perry," I had to do a great deal
of reading in our naval archives at Washington. I
found that in the early history of our country, when
our ships would go abroad in the world and come to
a port where there was an English, or a Spanish, or
other governor, the commander of the American ship
would wait upon the officials and say, " We should
like to fire a salute of guns in order to show our ap-
preciation of your courtesy, and if we salute your
flag, will you salute the Stars and Stripes with an
equal number of guns ? " And occasionally the an-
swer was, " No, we cannot recognize that a republic
is equal to a monarchy ; we will fire the salute, but it
will be one gun less than we would fire if you were
57
from a country equal to ours." And it always hap-
pened that the Yankee ship turned and went out of
the harbor without fli'ing any salute. There never
was on record a case where an American ship fired
a salute except on equal terms with all the govern-
ments of the world, and there never will be.
And then we know also that oui- good friend
Edward A. Freeman, the historian, once wrote a book
called " The History of Federal Government from the
Time of the Achaian League to the Disruption of the
United States of America." But on account of some-
thing that happened down South under Grant and
Sherman the conclusion of that work was indefinitely
postponed.
I believe that we as a republic derived our language
from England, but we derived our political institu-
tions mainly from the Dutch Eepublic. Although I
have no Dutch blood in my veins, yet I feel a good
deal at home here to-night, for I see kind neighbors
and friends, and right alongside of me sits my now
world-famous pastor, Dr. Talmage, and on the other
side of me sits the president of Rutgers College, my
alma mater. They are both my very good friends.
I consider I am making references according to Dutch
courtesy, because wherever the Dutch went in their
colonizing days, whether it was to Formosa in the far
East, or to Rensselaerwyck, up at the head of the Hud-
son River, they always took with them the school-
master and the domine. And the oldest fully organ-
ized Protestant Church in America and the oldest
school, both of them still in continuous life and use-
fulness, were founded by the Dutch in New- York.
I should love to talk a good deal about the part
that the Dutchmen took in the making of America,
58
but my subject is " The Dutch Yeast in the English
Cake." There is a good deal of Dutch yeast in the
American cake too. One of my amusements in Bos-
ton is to take the names of famous Yankees or New
Englanders and find out in how many cases they
are nothing more than Dutch names Anglicized.
For instance, our good friend Dr. Oliver Wendell
Holmes is one of the most shining lights of New
England, and yet, as we all know, he is a descendant
of the Dutch deacon up there in the church in Schen-
ectady, and I suppose one reason for his long life is
the Dutch good nature and bonhomie that charac-
terizes his life, and makes him all the time look as
though he bathed daily in the perpetual fountain of
youth. And what may be said of him may be said
of a great many other prominent New England-
ers, that they are derived from Dutch ancestors,
though very often they don't know it. And when I
have told five or six of them that their names are
only Dutch altered, at first they don't like it, because
the prejudice against the Dutchman is very strong,
but I prophesy — though I am not a prophet nor the
son of a prophet — that, before another generation
rolls around, there will not be a single Yankee in
New England who is derived from Dutch stock but
will be proud of it.
Now you know that our good friends the New
Englanders have had 125 years the start of you in
blowing their trumpets. They have a feast of trum-
pets every year about the 21st of December, Fore-
father's Day, and they began in 1769 telling of the
glorious Pilgrims and the grand things they have
done for the United States. But now the Dutchman,
the German, the Scotchman, and the Huguenot are
59
all waking up to show what their ancestors have
achieved. I do not know but even the Irishman is
waking up, because he has a great deal of ability,
and, indeed, to whatever city he goes in sufficient
numbers he will very soon capture that city and run
its politics. That means, I suppose, that the Ameri-
can, when we count up all his ancestors, is a very
mixed sort of a person. But it is not only the
American who is a mixed man, — like my friend
Dr. Talmage, who has royal blood in his veins by
the wedding of the blood of a Connecticut Yankee
father and a New Jersey Dutch mother, thus mak-
ing him a typical Dutch- American, — the English-
man is just as much a mixed man. You know they
have in Cornwall, England, a kind of pot-pie which
is made of so many heterogeneous materials that
they have a local proverb that the devil never comes
into Cornwall for fear he might be baked into a pie,
but the Englishman has almost as many ingredients
as that pot-pie, or as that article which is generally
associated in our country with boarding-houses. I
was once asked by a subject of Queen Victoria,
whose tongue had a habit of sometimes playing the
game of addition and sometimes subtraction in his
words, whether any "hash" tree grew in America,
and I answered, " Why, yes ; in every boarding-
house yard."
Now, the Englishman is as much of a mixed man
as the American. When Julius Ctesar came to Great
Britain and made the acquaintance of the mustached
Briton, even then he was a mixed man ; but since
then the inhabitants of Britain have had infusions
of Roman, Saxon, Danish, Norse, Norman, Dutch,
French, Irish, Scotch, and Welsh blood, so that the
60
Englishman to-day is a pretty well mixed man ; and
one of the strongest ingredients that has gone into
the making of the Englishman has been the Dutch-
man. If we look at the eastern counties of England
— Cambridgeshire, Essex, Norfolk, Lincoln, once a
gi'eat mass of swamp and separated from England
almost as much, as is Wales — we will find there that
the part of England most resembling Holland is the
best of all for commerce and trade.
The immigrants from the Netherlands were the
yeast in the English cake. To say nothing of pri-
mordial unities of land and language, of common in-
heritance of Teutonic principle in the days before
the Norman conquest, what student of history can
ignore the mighty influences of Flanders and Flem-
ings, the most Teutonic of the Netherlanders, and
the various Dutch immigrations into England ? Like
liquid ferment, poured again and again into the
English mass, were these repeated immigi-ations of
the Dutch and their invincible ideas. Because, as
in the Scripture parable, the leaven was hid in the
measures of meal, historians who notice only the
material and phenomenal have ignored the trans-
forming process. None the less was the English
mass leavened.
Greatest of all the Dutch immigi-ations, and most
phenomenal to English historians, was the invasion
of the sixteenth century. Then the refugees from
the Inquisition literally swarmed into the towns of
southern, but more particularly eastern, England.
They filled up and leavened mightily with then- blood,
industry, and ideas those very places from which
most of the New Englanders came. The number of
souls in this invasion by the Dutch was not less than
61
100,000. These men developed the resources of earth,
air, and ocean as the English had never learned to
do it before. They laid the foundation of England's
manufacturing and commercial supremacy. The
earth doubled, tripled, and quadrupled her increase.
Take away from England what the Netherlands first
introduced, and you would have a poor, lean land
indeed. We do not say that the English would not
ultimately have invented these things which they
now enjoy. We only call attention to the fact that
most of the achievements of engineering, of food
increase and conservation, of the great industries
and inventions, of personal and household comforts,
before the age of steam, are of Dutch origin and
introduction.
Eead the English books on agriculture, on politi-
cal economy, on industrial history, and these facts
become patent. The Dutch made the eastern coun-
ties of England almost another Holland. Not only
like the land of canals and dikes is this Enghsh
Holland in physical geography, but, while redeeming
it from marsh and fen into a farmers' paradise, they
leavened it with ideas out of which gi-ew the English
Commonwealth and the Revolution of 1688. The
crops other than agricultural of these eastern coun-
ties have been in succession Lollardism, Protes-
tantism, Nonconformity, Parliamentary liberalism,
Congregationalism, Cromwell's Ironsides, and the
ancestry of the people of New England. It was the
yeast brought over by the heterogeneous company
of radical Protestants, lumped together by the igno-
rant prelacy under the name of Anabaptists, that
aided to produce the energies of Puritanism. Most
of them were Netherlanders, who first taught and
62
practised the keeping of the Sabbath with almost
Jewish severity and strictness. Say what we will
about these misrepresented men, whom modern
critical scholarship in the person of church histori-
ans is rehabilitating, they are the spiritual ances-
tors of most of those Christians in England and
America who have earned out the democratic idea
of Church and State. Count up Baptists, Quakers,
Congregationalists, specially so named, and the mani-
fold religious bodies of various appellation but hold-
ing to the democratic or congregational policy, and
you will have an overwhelming majority of the
Christians in the United States who are the spiri-
tual descendants of the Anabaptists.
Looking through theology proper, what three
names are more influential in teaching teachers and
leaders than those of Erasmus, Cocceius, and Keu-
nen, all Dutchmen ? Their names stand as the fathers
of the received text of Scripture, of biblical theology,
and of higher criticism. In the last consummate and
final fruit of religion, — namely, toleration, — and
in the crowning grace of the spirit of charity, what
country fought England and framed the founders of
America? It was in Holland, as Victor Cousin says,
that "for ages piety and toleration have gone hand
in hand."
Holland was the first Protestant country that
allowed the private exercise of the papal religion,
and that first tolerated the celebration of its ritual.
It was the Holland of William the Silent that,
when England and the continental countries were
burning, torturing, and mutilating the Anabap-
tists, first abolished the persecutors' infernal ma-
chinery and declared toleration. Opening her hand
63
and holding her ajgis over Jews, Pilgi-ims, Pui'i-
tans, Huguenots, and all refugees, Holland nobly
bore the taunt of being the crank and heretic among
nations. It was only when a Dutch king mounted
a British throne, demanded toleration, and trampled
the mace of prelatical bigotry under his feet, that
English Nonconformists gained toleration and their
churches could be freely built. Surely, not least in
the ingredients in the English cake is the Dutch
yeast of these intellectual and theological ideas,
which always precede and are necessary to political
pi'ogress.
In political influence on England the Dutch yeast
was a mighty force, both through the leaven wrought
by individuals, and because of the living reality and
successful precedent of a great republic lasting over
two centuries. The industrial revolution begun by
the Dutch immigrant in the days of the Plantagenet
sovereigns resulted, in the Tudor age, in that alli-
ance between the throne and the middle classes
which caused the splendor of the Elizabethan and
later reigns.
I acknowledge that many of the facts which I
have called to your mind are not made patent by the
ordinary historians of England. They are none the
less true because gathered from the highways and
hedges of neglected original authorities. Without
doubt the Dutch were largely the founders of the
English race, even before the Eomans left England,
and in both branches of the same Teutonic family
has there been the same hatred to absolutism. Both
peoples, when the opportunity came, rose against
the tyrants in Church and State. No one more than
I wishes to do honor to England; but truth demands
64
a more generous treatment of the Dutch than has
yet been given by English historians. In what
passes for a history of the United States of America
we have largely caricature and ignorance for fact
and truth about New Netherlands and the Dutch.
The amount of ignorance prevailing in New Eng-
land concerning the men who laid the foundations
of the Empire State, is incredible. It will not always
be so. As the best American historian of Holland
has come out of Massachusetts, so let the sons of
the members of The Holland Society look out lest
the New England students win the honors of the
people. The study of Dutch history for American
origins is almost virgin soil, but it is the field of the
future for the students of national and political
genealogy.
And so, brethren of The Holland Society, I wish
you God's speed in all that is being done to bring
about a proper appreciation of the character of
your ancestors, so that by and by, when the true
American history shall be written, it will be seen
that we are not an English nation, not a Dutch
nation, not a French nation, not an Irish nation, —
and are not going to be one, — but we are a great cos-
mopolitan nation, the composite fruit of that great
movement of the human mind in the sixteenth cen-
tury when the Bible was put in the vernacular of the
people of Europe, so that man, reflecting upon his
relations to God and to his fellow-creatures, has
been enabled to govern himself, and because of
which Holland was able for eighty years to hold her
own against Spain, and the United States was able
to form a government "of the people, by the people,
and for the people," that shall never perish off the
face of the earth.
65
The President : Gentlemen, the last toast referred
to the influence of the Dutch upon England; the
next toast refers to the influence of the Dutch upon
the fate of America. There was a time when the im-
portant question was to be decided whether the Amer-
ican continent should fall under the domination of
the French or under the domination of the English.
That question was decided in favor of the English
through the influence of the Dutch. The toast of
" Colbert and the Corlaer " will now be responded to
by the Rev. Charles H. Hall, D. D., rector of Holy
Trinity Church, Brooklyn.
jsC2L^^2LA^_5^^^z_rf^j:^z_r^i s^iJrh_s^z_^_<;C^jr^Z-sC2LrfijrJ2jr^z_'?^
1^^
■^j;isrT^^^/r:z^sr7^,T7^7--^--7^jS^i^/TT^-7-^^^
SPEECH OF EEV. DR. CHARLES H. HALL.
WAS asked, Mr. President, by the secre-
tary of this Society to speak for five
minutes, and I "will try not to exceed
that time. The most wonderful part of
the history of the American nation lies in the two
words Colbert and Corlaer ; and if it had been a New
Englander, instead of a Dutchman, the praises of the
victory of that movement would have been sung in
song, would have been preached in a thousand pul-
pits, and would have filled large volumes in illustrat-
ing the history of that famous movement. And I
take advantage of my office rather to reprove the
Dutchmen who are here, that they still allow the
wonderful story to lie, as it were, in the bed-rock
without being built into a noble monument in the
glory and honor of their anniversary. To honor our
ancestors aright demands from every individual
descendant the responsibility of fairly and entirely
understanding what they did.
Colbert, as you know, was the greatest financial
minister of France, I think, without exception. In
1661 he brought France for a time into a condition
REV. CHARLES H. HALL, D. D.
67
of prosperity which largely promoted the glory of
Louis XIV.; but unfortunately he was a century
too early, and by the intrigue and corruption of a
nobility accustomed to tyi'anny, and by the supreme
contempt of the common people, his schemes were
frustrated, and France, instead of being saved, as
she should have been, by the glorious scheme that
he had presented to her, reeled on to her destruc-
tion, or at least to her ten-ible reformation in the
Revolution of '89. On the other hand, Corlaer was
the Dutchman at Albany who, meeting the Five
Nations, gained their respect and affection to such a
degi-ee that in their simplicity they called the official
among the Dutch ever afterward "The Corlaer." By
the manifest providence of Almighty God, Corlaer
held back the most tremendous scheme of power
that was conceived in that century, and formed by
the character of the Dutch a barrier against a scheme
that for its splendor ought to have succeeded. In
1609, Champlain, a young Frenchman, joined the
Algonquins, and was then joined by a party of
Hurons. His object was to discover the lands to the
west of Montreal, then an unknown region. Fortu-
nately for ns, on a bright May day the party met a
company of Mohawks at the southern end of Lake
Champlain. The Mohawks were the most terrible
fighters of the Indian races. They had swept the
country. Their warriors had gone as far east as
Quebec, and they had gone the other way and con-
quered the Sioux of the West. They had compelled
allegiance and cowed every Indian to the north.
They had carried theii- inroads as far south as the
Cherokees of Georgia. Meeting this party with Cham-
plain, the Mohawks with their usual courage rushed
68
upon them, when they were arrested by the fact that
Champlain had in his hands a weapon which he fired
and killed two of the chiefs. The Mohawks for the
first time fled, and conceived then a rage and hatred
that for 150 years continued to protect the Dutch at
Albany by a treaty that was never violated. In 1614
the first Dutchman, without knowing what he was
doing, sat himself down where Albany now is, and en-
tered into a treaty with the Mohawks, who came to
him asking an explanation of that singular event on
Lake Champlain, and beseeched of him fii-earms that
they might be on an equality with their enemies. I
say it is a providence of God for which you Holland-
ers ought to be proud every time you think of it,
that the Dutch and not the English went up the Hud-
son River. On this subject there can be no question.
It is the very critical point of our history, that it was
a Dutchman that settled there and not an English-
man, The Puritans in the East, by the authority of
James I., passed an act guaranteeing to the Indians
about them the little patches of land around their
tepees ; but the land was, of course, evidently the
proper possession of the Puritans, and they fought
constantly with the Pequods, and they managed by
their very virtues to antagonize the Indians about
them. William Penn, who has been mentioned here
to-night, is glorified because of his treatment of the
Indians. Penn did not know that the Indians with
whom he dealt were called women by the other
tribes, and that the Mohawks would not allow them
to call themselves men.
This was probably the reason why it was easy for
William Penn to deal with them. The Virginians,
of course, as you know, fought every Indian that
69
they saw. Every Virginian cavalier was of the opin-
ion of General Sherman, that the only good Indian
was a dead Indian. The only people who, by their
virtues, by their sad experience in Holland, by their
simplicity, by their patience, who dealt justly with
the red men in our eai-ly history, were the Dutch-
men. Here, in the colonies, it was one of the first
laws passed, that any one coming among them might
settle where he would ; but he should not settle un-
til he had bought faii-ly the land of the Indian,
and most of the estates along the Hudson River
to-day — as would be proved if their early and an-
cient records were extant — were purchased from the
Indians.
The story is a long one; but still, I simply ask you
to look at it and think it over. The Five Nations
held the ridge of high land extending from the Hud-
sou River to Lake Erie. Their door was the Mo-
hawk. Their central house was the Onondaga. They
were a republic — the only semblance of a republic
known among the red men of this land. They
made a treaty with the Dutch at Albany which for
150 years was never broken, and it reflects a credit
on those men as high as any battle that has ever
been gained in this country. The French, on the
other hand, tried by war, by Jesuit missionaries, by
the fur-traders and trappers, by every means in their
power, to gain an influence over the Five Nations —
afterward the Six Nations — when they took in the
Tuscaroras. They always failed. They tried to win
them from the Dutchmen. But the Dutchmen never
sold them out; they recognized the fact that they
had dealt faii-ly with them. Colbert, with the mag-
nificent help of the Jesuit missionaries, — before
70
whom a Protestant must always bow with respect,
because they were men who penetrated the vastness
of this continent, and who offered their lives, with a
courage that shines as bright as the stars in heaven,
to martyrdom one after the other, and as one fell the
next man took his place and submitted to his fate;
and, gentlemen, there is not a more glorious name in
the annals of the church than the name of the Jesuit
missionaries, — Colbert, instigated by Talen, the com-
mendator of Canada, — which is, in Yankee terms,
the spy for the king, — conceived the plan of joining
from the mouth of the Mississippi to the mouth of
the St. Lawi'ence a band of steel, to shut the English
into the east of the Alleghanies, and nearly succeeded.
They would, as certain as anything that has ever
happened, have shut in the English race to the nar-
row band of the coast States, had it not been for the
Dutch at Albany. The Frenchmen hobnobbed with
the Indians, ate with them, and married among
them in every tribe they came to, and penetrated to
the outermost borders with them. The Frenchman
was the first white man to be found clear off among
the Sioux at the end of Lake Superior. The French
missionaries and the French people were the first to
discover the Mississippi Eiver, and to find the way
from the waters that ran from Lake Superior down
into the head-waters of the Mississippi, and they es-
tablished forts, and gained the confidence of every
tribe of Indians all the way from the Mississippi
around to the mouth of the St. Lawrence, and they
gained power over these Indians throughout all that
region. They had the power, not so much among
the St. Lawrence and the lake-territory Indians, be-
cause of their fear of the Five Nations. The French
71 ■
found that the way was cleai* to them in the English
race, so that they should never pass in beyond the
Alleghauies. Washington joined Giest, and went to
remonstrate against the action of the French. The
Frenchmen said : " You Englishmen are two to one
of us; but we care nothing for you, for you are so
slow in your motions." Now, from 1623 to 1768,
over a century, the line that the French could never
break, the opposition that was to them finally vital,
was the fact that the Five Nations had a treaty with
the Dutch at Albany, which they never broke. I tell
you, gentlemen, there is nothing like it in the history
of this country. Here, for over a century, this mag-
nificent land, which the French had considered so
settled that it was said that of the twenty-five parts
of this continent France had twenty, Spain four,
and England one, — look into it — the pride of France
on the one hand, the magnificent resources that were
expended, the tremendous energy that was shown;
and on the other hand, look at that simple man up
there at Albany, the Corlaer, with only a little hand-
ful of about three hundred people, with a small
stockade, but having secured the confidence of those
Five Nations, the most powerful warriors among
their races, who held their ground against all the
assaults of France until the very end. England had
always been hesitating, and given to quarreling at
home and in the colonies. France had moved on
without contest and without doubt. The word of
the king in Paris was law to the end of Lake Supe-
rior, until Greorge II., near the end of his reign, was
compelled to appoint William Pitt as his prime min-
ister, most unwillingly, detesting the act. Pitt was
brought into power by the wiU of the people, and
72
the king was obliged to yield to him. Pitt had the
sagacity to see what was intended, and he sent out
8000 men, the largest army that had ever been seen
on this continent. You know of Braddock. After
that miserable defeat, the colonies were all compelled
to see that they must be up and doing. The next year
the French retreated down the Ohio. Frontenac
was taken. Then General Wolfe was carried from
Lewisburgh by the fleet to attack Quebec. They
bombarded the city, and when it seemed that there
was nothing before him but disaster, Wolfe met,
upon the Plains of Abraham, the French. It is re-
membered of him, on the 12th of September, 1768,
as he was in a canoe looking for a place where he
might scale the Heights of Abraham, that, while
he was a general, as it were, fuU of military power,
he quoted the verse :
The paths of glory lead but to the grave,
and turning to his companions he said, " I would
rather be the author of those lines than to be the
victor in to-morrow's battle"; but when, the next
day, he stood on the Heights of Abraham, all that
mood had passed, and in the famous victory that
was gained there, he heard the words that carried
sadness to the court of France, "They run, they
run ! " and died happy.
By the taking of Fort Duquesne, by the capture
of Quebec, the chain was broken. The plan of Col-
bert, then one hundred years old, that had been
carried on up to that time almost to success, finally
ended in ruin. Two or three years afterward Que-
bec was ceded to the English. I tell you, gentlemen,
73
that there is no more glorious page in the history of
the country, there is no grander exhibition of the
quality of your ancestors, than was manifested by
those simple people there at Fort Orange, where
Albany now stands. And why is it that some Dutch
scholar does not write in full the history, as I have
tried to give it to you in a very brief way, as it is
contained in the 13th volume of the "Documentary
History of New-York"? Why is it that there is not
some scholar to proclaim the glories of that story, to
claim that it was not all done when the Mayflower
landed at Plymouth, that there was something done
in the past besides merely murdering Indians? Why
is it that some one does not wi'ite that history, to tell
men that their ancestors, by their simple virtues, by
the real victory of the cross, by honest dealing, by
fair trading, by recognizing the manhood of the red
man, saved this country.
Gentlemen of New- York, who say you are Hol-
landers, and who take pride in the fact that you are,
why is it that, unlike any city of Europe of the same
sort, here in New- York there is not anywhere a brass
plate to say that "Here such a man lived who did
this, and this, for the good of his country"? Is it not
time to fix these places in your memory, and to give
them a substantial proof, that your boys, your fellow-
citizens, the strangers who come among us may see
as they pass certain places — "This is the House of
Peter Stuyvesant," or, "Here is where Alexander
Hamilton dwelt " ? Why is it that we can go through
New- York and remember that George Washington
was here for a time, — the first President of this
country, — and yet no one can tell where he lived?
How many of you know where the Dutch church
74
was which was first turned into a post-office, and
now into the Lord knows what? We know about
Trinity, and why should n't we know about the
other ?
When the skies just now are not blue but leaden,
when, as I came up in the elevated road and looked
out of the window down into the ci'oss-streets, I
thought it was a good time for The Holland Society
dinner, for the streets seemed to be canals, — when
everything is dark and dreary, I think it would be
a good thing to stir our patriotism and that of our
children, if we could see, as we pass by in our streets,
on the old forgotten homes of those who did so much
for this country, the memorials that I have spoken
of. I beg you to think of this. Gentlemen, I thank
you for your attention.
The President: The fifth regular toast is "Dutch
Religious Liberty — Freedom to worship God,
not irreligious license to worship nobody." This
toast will be responded to by a member of this
Society whom we have here for the first time to-
night, although he has often been the recipient of
an invitation to be present — the Eev. George R. Van
de Water, D. D., rector of St. Andrew's Church,
Harlem, N. Y.
■'^^ytjQ"^"^'0'^^^ '^^■'O'"^)''^^)*'^^^'^^^'^''^^^ <^ ^^^S^'^y*'^y"^^"^^'^^*'\y^'^"0* 'i/'^^'O^'^"^"^^^
SPEECH OF
REV. GEORGE R. VAN DE WATER, D. D.
sWf^ AM fully aware of the lateness of the
m«^ hour, and I also know how difficult it is
M^^ to concentrate the mind and attention
'^^^*^' on debate; and if it were not for the fact
that I am speaking to fellow-Dutchmen, I would not
have the boldness to stand up here at a quarter of
twelve o'clock to begin an address on such a sober
theme as this. But, differing from other speakers
here to-night, my parents are Dutch, and I know it,
and I know what Dutchmen can do. Dutchmen dif-
fer from all other people in the fact that they can
think while they eat and drink. They do not con-
sider it necessary to divorce proper reflection from
proper digestion. And, much as able physicians
may tell us to the contrary, we Dutchmen have
never found the two ideas inconsistent, either in the-
ory or in practice. We not only can think while we
eat and drink, but the truth of the matter is our pro-
foundest thought runs along the lines of our direst
needs of victuals and drink. Funereal baked-meats
76
is a Dutch institution which proves that a Dutchman
even in grief must be fed, and that in his soberest
moments there are certain indications of thirst. Now
you will observe that other societies, who have their
annual dinners, plan for speeches that will never tax
one's mental energies. Indeed, I have myself been
the recipient of courteous invitations containing the
gentle intimation that what should be said should
be neither long nor strong. But it is not so with the
Dutch. If there is any exception among our societies,
that exception is the New England Society, and it
learned how to think while it ate and drank and en-
joyed itself, dui'ing those few years in Holland, where
it learned all the good things it ever knew. For pro-
found topics and diligent attention in the preparation
of them, and a most earnest boring by the secretary
to get the manuscript forty-eight hours beforehand,
commend me to the Dutch Society. Now if there is
anything that a Dutchman really hates, it is to be
imposed upon. The whole history of the Dutch is a
record of protest against imposition. What a com-
fort for a public speaker, no matter what his experi-
ence, to have such a toast as this of mine announced
and its definition given, and here at midnight to find
nearly 500 men ready to give a speaker reverent
attention, a silent deportment, and for a few moments
attune their minds to the loftiest theme that can pos-
sibly engage the human intellect or move to exercise
the human will. I say that is a thing exceedingly
complimentary to the Dutch. I don't believe there
is another nationality in New- York who could eat as
much, and drink as much, and smoke as much, and
be as quiet as you are, while you are talked to about
religious liberty.
77
What we are here for to-night is to commem-
orate and celebrate two things chiefly — the things
that contributed to the influence that made our
country the nation that it is, and those peculiar
characteristics of the Dutch that made them what
they were, and made them the essential if not the
principal factors in what we call our modern civili-
zation. My mind runs back to that, apparently,
which created an epoch in Dutch history between
the accession of Charles I. and the treaty of West-
phalia, in 1648 — a time when men's souls were tried,
when your ancestors and mine endeavored to fight
a fight with absolutely nothing at times but faith in
a righteous cause, and trust in Almighty God to
force it to fruition. The Dutch people strove for
two things: they were civil and religious liberty.
Civil liberty others may speak of to-night. Reli-
gious liberty is what I want to give you a few words
about, in order that we may know what our fathers
fought for and what they won. It was a religious
liberty the like of which no other nation ever pro-
duced; it was a religious liberty that was peculiar to
the Dutch, England shows nothing like it, for when
Philip II, was putting to death every Dutchman that
did not believe in the Pope and worship his vain
superstitions, and Elizabeth was doing her best to
make Puritans churchmen by persecuting them into
the fold, the Dutchmen, knowing that the Protestant
Queen Bess was with one hand keeping the Calviuistic
subjects of Philip, and with the other thrusting her
own Puritan subjects into loathsome dungeons —
the Dutch struck out for a loftier idea. They caught
a view of a more heavenly principle of freedom, and
at once, in strange contrast with the prevalent
78
intolerance of that age, they secured the right to
every man to worship his God privately or publicly,
according to the dictates of his own conscience. And
the Dutch secured this to such an extent, secured it
so inviolably, that first the Englishmen went to Hol-
land to learn about it before they sailed to settle
here; and then this new and wonderful country
caught from Holland the inspiration of the idea, and
now the whole world is coming to gi'asp the idea that
Dutchmen have given — namely, that it 's no man's
duty to force him to do this in any other way than
his own way.
Now, where have we come to ? We have come to
a time in this country when, strange to say, we have
a different idea of religious liberty. The Dutchman
has always been liberal ; but I want you to remember
that a true Dutchman has never been lawless. No
true Dutchman has ever had the idea that religious
liberty and freedom mean to ignore God, to have
nothing to do with religion. A genuine Dutchman
always reveres his God. The reason our fathers
won their battles was because they believed in Al-
mighty God, and therefore they had the power to
perform their almost supernatm'al deeds. Had they
been agnostics, the whole country of Holland would
have been a dismal waste of swamp. Had they
believed in the teachings sought to be inculcated by
the so-called "Christmas Sermon," recently published
in the " Evening Telegi'am," there would be no such
thing as Dutch religious liberty, and no such thing
as that which we rejoice to call the gladdest tidings
that ever came to this earth. I ask you to be loyal to
your ancestors. This is not Dutch religious liberty —
this freedom which we have exhibited before us
79
to-day in a degenerate cosmopolitan license. It may
be the religious liberty of the Revolution or of the
Commune. It may be the religious liberty of the
German Socialists. It may possibly be the religious
liberty of the Russian Nihilists. But it is not Dutch
religious liberty, which means that every man's duty
is to worship his immortal God, and that man's
noblest attitude is bending upon his knees.
Let other nationalities on these shores do what
they wUl — for the Dutchman, who cares about his
lineage, and believes in that for which his ancestors
bled and died, the way is clear, the path of duty is
plain. I say, finally, that the Dutchman is false to
his name, and unworthy his lineage, who does not
believe in Almighty God and strive faithfully to
serve Him. He has not learned the first principle
of a Dutchman who has not learned that for him the
only real liberty is the service of God, and that in
this holy service is man's perfect freedom.
The President : The next regular toast is : " What
I know about the Dutch," which will be responded to
by a gentleman who needs no introduction — the Rev.
Dr. T. DeWitt Talmage.
SPEECH OF
REV. DE. T. DeWITT TALMAGE.
H, Judge Van Hoeseu, this is not the
first time we have been side by side,
for we were college boys together ; and
I remember that there was this differ-
ence between us — you seemed to know about every-
thing, and it would take a very large library, a library
larger than the Vatican, to tell all that I did n't know.
It is good to be here. What a multitude of delight-
ful people there are in this world ! If you and I had
been consulted as to which of all the stars we would
choose to walk upon, we could not have done a wiser
thing than to select this. I have always been glad
that I got aboard this planet. There ai-e three classes
of people that I especially admire — men, women, and
children. I have enjoyed this banquet very much,
for there are two places where I always have a good
appetite — at home and away from home. I have
not been interfered with as were some gentlemen
that I heard of at a public dinner some years ago,
when a greenhorn, who had never seen a great ban-
81
quet, came to the city, and, looking through the door,
said to his friends who were showing him the sights :
" Who are those gentlemen who are eating so hear-
tily ? " The answer was : " They are the men who
pay for the dinner." " And who are those gentlemen
up there on the elevation looking so pale and fright-
ened and eating nothing ? " " Oh," said his friend,
" those are the f eUows who make the speeches."
It is very appropriate that we should celebrate the
Hollanders by hearty eating, for you know that the
Hollanders — the royal house that the Hollanders ad-
mire above any other royal house, is named after one
of the most delicious fruits on this table — the house
of Orange. I feel that I have a right to be here.
While I have in my arteries the blood of many
nationalities, so that I am a cosmopolitan and feel at
home anywhere, there is in my veins a strong tide of
Dutch blood. My mother was a Van Nest, and I was
baptized in a Dutch church and named after a Dutch
domine, graduated at a Dutch theological semi-
nary, and was ordained by a Dutch minister, married
a Dutch girl, preached thirteen years in a Dutch
church, and always took a Dutch newspaper; and
though I have got off into another denomination, I
am thankful to say that, while nearly all of our de-
nominations are in hot water, each one of them hav-
ing on a big ecclesiastical fight, — and you know
when ministers do fight, they fight like sin, — I am
glad that the old Dutch Church sails on over un-
ruffled seas, and the flag at her masthead is still
inscribed with " Peace and good will to men." De-
parted spirits of John Livingston and Gabriel Lud-
low, and Dr. Van Draken and magnificent Thomas
DeWitt, from your thrones witness !
82
Gentlemen here to-night have spoken much al-
ready in regard to what Holland did on the other side
of the sea; and neither historian's pen, nor poet's
canto, nor painter's pencil, nor sculptor's chisel, nor
orator's tongue, can ever tell the full story of the
prowess of those people. Is n't it strange that two
of the smallest sections of the earth should have
produced most of the grandest history of the world ?
Palestine, only a little over 100 miles in length, yet
yielding the most glorious events of all history; and
little Holland, only about one quarter of the size of
the State of New Jersey, achieving wonderful history
and wonderful deeds not only at home, but starting
an influence under which Robert Burns wrote "A
man 's a man for a' that," and sending aci'oss the At-
lantic a thunder of indignation against oppression of
which the American Declaration of Independence,
and Yorktown and Bunker Hill, and Monmouth and
Gettysburg, are only the echoes !
As I look across the ocean to-night, I say: Eng-
land for manufactories, Germany for scholarship,
France for manners, Italy for pictures — but Holland
for liberty and for God ! And leaving to other gen-
tlemen to tell that story, — for they can tell it better
than I can, — I can to-night get but little further than
our own immediate Dutch ancestors, most of whom
have already taken the sacrament of the dust. Ah,
what a glorious race of old folks they were ! May
our right hand forget its cunning, and our tongue
cleave to the roof of the mouth, if we forget to honor
their memories ! What good advice they gave us ;
and when they went away forever — well, our emo-
tions were a little different as we stood over the silent
forms of the two old folks. In one case I think the
83
dominant emotion was reverence. In the other case
I think it was tenderness, and a wish that we could
go with her.
Backward, turn backward, 0 Time, in your flight ;
Make me a child again, just for to-night !
Mother, come back from the echoless shore,
Take me again to your heart as of yore ;
Kiss from my forehead the furrows of care,
Smooth the few silver threads out of my hair ;
Over my slumbers a loving watch keep ; —
Rock me to sleep, mother — rock me to sleep !
My, my ! does n't the old Dutch home come back
to us, and don't we see the plain cap, and the large
round spectacles, and the shoulders that stoop from
carrying our burden ! Was there ever any other
hand like hers to wipe away a tear, or to bind up a
wound ; for when she put the far-sighted spectacles
clear up on her forehead, so that her eyes might the
nearer look at the wound, it felt better right away !
And have we ever since heard any music like that
which she hushed us to sleep with — could any prima
donna sing as she couJd ! And could any other face
so fill a room with light and comfort and peace !
Mr. President, Dutch blood is good blood. We do
not propose to antagonize any other to-night ; but at
our public dinners, about the 21st of December, we
are very apt to get into the Mayflower and sail
around the New England coast. I think it will be
good for us to-night to take another boat quite as
good, and sail aroimd New- York harbor in the Half-
Moon.
I heard, years ago, the difference illustrated be-
tween the Yankee and the Dutchman. There was
an explosion on a Mississippi River steamboat ; the
84
boiler burst, and the passengers were thrown into
the air. After the accident, the captain came around
to inquire in regard to them, and be found the Dutch-
man, but not the Yankee; and he said to the Dutch-
man, " Did you see anything of that Yankee?" The
Dutchman replied, " Oh, yes ; when I vas going up,
he vas coming down." Now, the Dutch blood may
not be quite so quick as the Yankee, but it is more
apt to be sure it is right before it goes ahead. Dutch
blood means patience, fidelity, and perseverance. It
means faith in God also. Yes, it means generosity.
I hardly ever knew a mean Dutchman. That man
who fell down dead in my native village could n't
have had any Dutch blood in him. He was over
eighty years of age, and had never given a cent to
any benevolent object during his life ; but in a mo-
ment of weakness, when he saw a face of distress, he
gave a cent to an unfortunate man, and immediately
dropped dead; and the surgeon declared, after the
post-mortem examination, that he died of sudden
enlargement of the heart. Neither is there any such
mean man among the Dutch as that man who was
so economical in regard to meat that he cut off a
dog's tail and roasted it and ate the meat, and then
gave the bone back to the dog. Or that other mean
man I heard of, who was so economical that he used
a wart on the back of his neck for a collar-button.
I have so much faith in Holland blood, that I declare
the more Hollanders come to this country the better
we ought to like it. Wherever they try to land,
let them land on our American soil; for all this
continent is going to be after a while under one gov-
ernment. I suppose you have noticed how the gov-
ernments on the southern part of the continent are
85
gradually melting into our own ; and soon the diffi-
culty on the north between Canada and the United
States will be amicably settled and the time will
come when the United States government will offer
hand and heart in marriage to beautiful and hospita-
ble Canada; and when the United States shall so offer
its hand in marriage, Canada will blush and look
down, and, thinking of her allegiance across the sea,
will say, "Ask mother." In a suggestive letter which
the chairman of the committee wrote me, inviting
me to take part in this entertainment, he very beau-
tifully and potently said that the Republic of the
Netherlands had given hospitality in the days that
are past to English Puritans and French Huguenots
and Polish refugees and Portuguese Jews, and pros-
pered; and I thought, as I read that letter, "Why,
then, if the Republic of the Netherlands was so hos-
pitable to other nations, surely we ought to be hos-
pitable to all nations, especially to Hollanders." Oh,
this absurd talk about "America for Americans"!
Why, there is n't a man here to-night that is not
descended from some foreigner, unless he is an In-
dian. Why, the native Americans were Modocs,
Chippewas, Cherokees, Chickasaws, and Seminoles,
and such like. Suppose, when our fathers were try-
ing to come to this country, the Indians had stood
on Pljrmouth Rock and at the Highlands of the
Navesink, and when the Hollanders and the Pilgrim
Fathers attempted to land, had shouted, "Back with
you to Holland and to England ; America for Ameri-
cans ! " Had that watchword been an early and suc-
cessful cry, where now stand our cities would have
stood Indian wigwams; and canoes instead of steam-
ers would have tracked the Hudson and the Connecti-
86
cut; and, instead of the Mississippi being the main
artery of the continent, it would have been only a
troiigh for deer and antelope and wild pigeons to drink
out of. What makes this cry of " America for the
Americans " the more absurd and the more inhuman
is that some in this country, who themselves arrived
here in their boyhood or only one or two generations
back, are joining in the cry. Having escaped them-
selves into this beautiful land, they say : " Shut the
door of escape for others." Getting themselves on
our shores in the life-boat from the shipwreck, they
say : " Haul up the boat on the beach, and let the
rest of the passengers go to the bottom." Men who
have yet on them a Holland, or Scotch, or German,
or English, or Irish brogue, are crying out : " Amer-
ica for the Americans!" What if the native inhabi-
tants of heaven (I mean the angels, the cherubim,
and the seraphim, for they were born there) should
say to us when we arrive there at last, "Go back.
Heaven for the Heavenians !"
Of course, we do not want foreign nations to make
this a convict colony. We would n't let their thieves
and anarchists land here, nor even wipe their feet on
the mat of the outside door of this continent. When
they send their criminals hei'e, let us put them in
chains and send them back. This country must not
be made the dumping-ground for foreign vagabond-
ism. But for the hard-working and industrious peo-
ple who come here, do not let us build up any wall
around New- York harbor to keep them out, or it will
after a while fall down with a red-hot thunderburst
of God's indignation. Suppose you are a father, and
you have five childi-en. One is named Philip, and
Philip says to his brothers and sisters: "Now, John,
87
you go and live iu the small room at the end of the
hall. George, you go and stay up in the garret.
Mary, you go and live in the cellar, and Fannie, you
go and live in the kitchen, and don't any of you come
out. I am Philip, and will occupy the parlor ; I like
it ; I like the lambreqi;ins at the window, and I like
the pictiares on the wall. I am Philip, and, being
Philip, the parlor shall only be for the Philipians."
You, the father, come home, and you say : " Fannie,
what are you doing in the kitchen ? Come out of
there." And you say to Mary, " Mary, come out of
that cellar." And you say to John, "John, don't
stay shut up in that small room. Come out of there."
And you say to George, "George, come down out
of that garret." And you say to the children, " This
is my house. You can go anywhere in it that you
want to." And you go and haul Philip out of the
parlor, and you tell him that his brothers and sisters
have just as much right in there as he has, and that
they are all to enjoy it. Now, God is our Father,
and this world is a house of several rooms, and God
has at least five children — the North American con-
tinent, the South American continent, the Asiatic
continent, the European continent, and the African
continent. The North American continent sneaks
away, and says : " I prefer the parlor. You South
Americans, Asiatics, Europeans, and Africans, you
stay in your own rooms ; this is the place for me ;
I prefer it, and I am going to stay in the parlor; I like
the front windows facing on the Atlantic, and the
side windows facing on the Pacific, and the nice
piazza on the south where the sun shines, and the
glorious view from the piazza to the north." And
God, the Father, comes in and sends thunder and
88
lightning through the house, and says to his son, the
American continent : " You are no more my child
than are all these others, and they have just as much
right to enjoy this part of my house as you have."
It will be a great day for the health of our Ameri-
can atmosphere when this race prejudice is buried in
the earth. Come, bring your spades, and let us dig
a grave for it; and dig it deep down into the heart of
the earth, but not clear through to China, lest the
race prejudice should fasten the prejudice on the
other side. Having got this gi'ave deeply dug, come,
let us throw in all the hard things that have been
said and wi-itten between Jew and Gentile, between
Protestant and Catholic, between Turk and Eussian,
between French and English, between Mongolian
and anti-Mongolian, between black and white; and
then let us set up a tombstone and put upon it the
epitaph: "Here lies the monster that ciu-sed the
earth for nearly three thousand years. He has de-
parted to go to perdition, from which he started.
No peace to his ashes."
From this glorious Holland dinner let us go out
trying to imitate the virtues of our ancestors, the
men who built the Holland dikes, which are the only
things that ever conquered the sea, slapping it in the
face and making it go back. There was a young
Holland engineer who was to be married to a maiden
living in one of the villages sheltered by these dikes,
and in the evening there was to be a banquet in
honor of the wedding, which was to be given to
the coming bridegroom. But all day long the sea
was raging and beating against the dikes. And this
engineer reasoned with himself: "Shall I go to the
banquet which is to be given in my honor, or shall I
89
go and join my •workmen down on the dikes?" And
he finally concluded that it was his duty to go and
join his workmen on the dikes, and he went. And
when the poor fellows toiling there saw that then-
engineer was coming to help them, they set up a
cheer. The engineer had a rope put around him
and was lowered down into the surf, and other men
came and had ropes put about them, and they were
lowered down. And after a while the cry was heard:
"More mortar and more blocks of stone!" But there
were no more. "Now," said the Holland engineer,
"men, take off your clothes!" and they took them
off, and they stopped up the holes in the dikes. But
still the stones were giving way against the mighty
wrath of the strong sea which was beating against
them. And then the Holland engineer said: "We
cannot do any more. My men, get on your knees
and pray to Grod for help." And they got down on
their knees and they prayed; and the wind began to
silence, and the sea began to cease its angry wavings,
and the wall was saved; and all the people who lived
in the village went on with the banquet and the
dance, for they did not know their peril, and they
were all saved.
"What you and I ought to do is to go out and help
build up the dikes against the ocean of crime and
depravity and sin which threatens to overwhelm this
nation. Men of Holland, descend! — to the dikes! to
the dikes! Bring all the faith and all the courage
of your ancestors to the work, and then get down on
your knees, and kneel with us on the creaking wall,
and pray to the God of the wind and of the sea that
He may hush the one and silence the other.
90
The President: The next toast is "The Dutch-
man as a Teacher," which will be responded to by-
Austin Scott, Ph. D., the President of Rutgers Col-
lege, New Brunswick, N. J.
SPEECH OF DR. AUSTIN SCOTT.
ENTLEMEN of The HoUand Society, I
find myself in a somewhat embarrassed
position. The hour is late, and I am the
only layman among all the clergymen
who have spoken. I do not know whether my friend,
the clergyman who spoke a little while ago, will allow
heresy among the Dutch; but it may be that I shall
prove to be somewhat heretical, surrounded as I am
by none but clergymen; and I am not a Dutchman.
I am also embarrassed because I feel as I did when I
first came to the knowledge of things Dutch. It was
when I was a youngster and knew, to my great
delight, a man who is now a distinguished professor
of Greek in this country, and he used to sing to me
a song about a sailor boy whose woes were great
[quoting Dutch words]:
"I have to steer this ship that these domines have
been rushing along through the winds and waves into
quieter waters." That is what that Dutch meant.
You did not understand it, but I translated it for you.
I am amused at some of my friends who make
Dutch speeches. I don't think they have any more
right to be here than I have. They have only been
92
iu contact with the Dutch. My frieud, Dr. Griffis,
makes me think of this same professor friend of
mine, who was once examining some pupils for
admission into the university in which he is an
honored professoi', and he came to a man and asked
him, "Do you know Greek?" "Well, no," said the
man; "but I have been in contact with it for about
twelve years." So that is about the way that I know
Dutch. I have been in contact with it for the last
ten years. But — speaking from my text now —
I claim to be a pupil, and I have been taught the
lessons that have been recited here to-night, and, as
a student of history, I give my guarantee to what
has been said.
The toast given me is "The Dutchman as a
Teacher." I shall not recite the fact that Holland
was the mother of the common schools. Some say,
" Where is the evidence of it 1 " Why, the very lack of
evidence is in itself proof. I refer to my friend,
Judge Truax, if sometimes evidence that is inci-
dental is not the strongest kind of evidence. So do
we get the warrant from Motley's words, that not
only were the wealthier classes well-trained gentle-
men, educated, but the common people were also
educated. I shall not need to speak of the heritage
that America has of the common schools. There
again all through the records the proof is incidental-
You will find it in the bills that were paid for school-
houses — as though it was a thing that was taken for
granted. So must we, although the proof is not in
systematic form; although there was no great system
of common schools devised, nevertheless it was there;
and the very fact, as I say, of the lack of proof, lack
of complete dovetailed truth and evidence, is proof
93
that the common schools existed from the first. I
fight no fight with myself when I say that; for I am
Yankee and Scotch and Irish and French — but, alas!
not Dutch, save by teaching. Perhaps, then, I can
speak more disinterestedly. I will not speak, then,
of the common schools that were here, nor of the
higher education in Holland — the University of
Leyden, founded as a gift for her great services
rendered to mankind. Nor will I dwell particularly
upon that which lies very near to my heart — the
beginning of higher education in this country, the
founding of King's College. That college was
founded primarily to train Dutch ministers; not
because they were sectarians, but because they must
have independence of the Episcopal form, indepen-
dence of the Presbyterian form ; not that they would
give umbrage to them, but because they would be
free. Also, because they would be free from the
interference of the mother country.
It is somewhat significant, gentlemen, that when a
Hollander begins to recite the causes of that mighti-
est struggle of mankind (only to be mentioned along
with ours of several years ago), he sees its scope, and
he flings away every other cause of the great strug-
gle save that of the Inquisition. Then he goes on
to teU what it was in its principles and practices in
general, and he takes a man from the "Book of
Martyrs" — and who was it! A schoolmaster! A
schoolmaster, having been accused of heresy for
reading the Bible, was asked whether he would give
it up. "No," he said. "But do you not love your
wife and children?" "Yes," was the response; "but
neither wife nor children will cause me to give up
my right to serve God."
94
It is not of all this, though, that I will speak. It is
in that wider sense that Holland has been a teacher.
Motley tells the story of the Dutch Republic, and
says they gave to the world practical instruction in
political equilibrium, which became more and more
general as the people pressed upon each other. That
is why we should cherish the Dutchman as a teacher,
and his history, now. The people are pressing close
upon each other. Men are getting thicker on the
earth. Our country is getting fiUed up. Now is the
time when some such teaching as that confederate
system that the Yankees caught from the Dutch in.
1643 should be preserved.
Gentlemen, it is of the utmost importance that that
lesson of political equilibrium should be taught. The
Dutchman is not didactic. He is not a teacher in
that he sets himself up and parades his virtues and
says, " Behold me and learn of me." He is a teacher
as nature is a teacher. He has an indu*ect influence.
Owing to the lateness of the hour, and as there
is another speaker yet to address you, I will not say
any more. I thank you for your attention.
The President: Gentlemen, the last toast on
the progi-am is "Holland as a Refuge for the Op-
pressed," which will be responded to by the Rev.
Talbot W. Chambers, S. T. D., LL. D., of the Colle-
giate Dutch Church of New- York.
SPEECH OF
REV. DR. TALBOT W. CHAMBERS.
■■ ■ ■■tjHE hour is so late that I shall not at-
^|KB?4^ tempt to occupy more than a few min-
^l^« utes, simply to indicate very briefly
^ vJMHa J J ^Yxe facts which I wished to present
to your consideration.
We admire the courage with which the Hollanders,
in the first place, conquered the sea in redeeming
their soil from the ocean ; then conquered their lib-
erty ; then reached the head of the world in commer-
cial enterprise ; and then furnished the chief models
of genius in literature, in art, and in science.
There is a smaller, less noticeable benefit which
they secured for their fellow-men in securing their
own liberty — namely, the making of their country
the refuge for the oppressed of all lands. During the
early years of Charles I. the victims of his tyranny
found a refuge across the sea. During the Common-
wealth the cavaliers with Charles II. repaired in like
manner to HoUand. After the Restoration the pa-
triot party resorted to the same haven. So many
came from Scotland that they established their own
96
96
churches with Scotch ministers. This led to the fact
that, when English preaching was introduced in the
Dutch churches in this city, the man upon whom
they settled was the pastor of the Scotch chiu'ch in
Flushing, HoUaud; and he came at their call, and was
one of the greatest blessings the Collegiate Church
ever enjoyed. And when the Huguenots were driven
out of France, they found a refuge in Holland. So,
when "Wettstein, one of the great scholars in the tex-
tual criticism of the New Testament, was forbidden to
produce his G-reek Testament in his own land, he fled
to Amsterdam, and there that work was printed.
And thus HoUand became a refuge not for one
class or party, but for the people of all lands. They
were welcome to its shores, the only condition
being that they should behave themselves ; and if
they did that, no matter what their opinions were in
politics or religion, they were assured of protection
and sheltered by the broad liberty established in the
land. True, we now need no such refuge. Liberty
extends over Christendom to a very large extent.
But we should be ungrateful to the past if we did not
remember what was done by our forefathers in Hol-
land during those days. It shows what I think their
descendants in this country illustrate — the most un-
deviating adherence to their own opinions, and the
largest charity for the opinions of everybody else.
At the conclusion of the dinner, President George
M. Van Hoesen called the assemblage to order and
said : " Gentlemen, the Seventh Annual Dinner of
The Holland Society of New- York has been, I think
you will all say, fittingly celebrated."
IHEETING OF THE TRUSTEES.
I^T the stated meeting of the Trustees held
March 31, 1892, the following amend-
ment was made to the By-Laws, in
pui'suance of a resolution to that effect
passed by the Society at the annual meeting held
June 11, 1889 :
"By-Law No. 4 is hereby amended by adding
these words :
"The Trustees shall, at least sixty days before any
Annual Meeting, appoint a Committee who shall
nominate a ticket to be voted for at the annual elec-
tion, and a list of the nominations shall be sent to
each member of the Society at least ten days before
such Annual Meeting."
A type-wi'itten catalogue of the books in the li-
brary has been prepared under the direction of the
Secretary. A compendium of this catalogue, show-
ing the number of titles in the various subdivisions
and the different languages in which the books are
printed, is here given.
13 97
98
SUMMAEY OF BOOKS IN THE LIBRARY OF THE HOLLAIO)
SOCIETY OF NEW- YORK. NUMBER OP TITLES
IN VARIOUS LANGUAGES.
DeaertptiorL
Eng'
lUh.
Dutch. Latin. French. ^' T"'
man. talt
Historical Societies, Libraries, etc 9
Bibliography 5
Biography —
a. Collective 8
b. Individual 30
Descriptive Geography, Travels, etc 24
Genealogy 31
History —
a. American, Colonial, State 23
6. General and National 25
c. Counties, Cities, Settlements 41
d. Dutch 7
e. Other Nations 13
/. Reformed Church 26
Laws 3
Manuscripts 5
Miscellaneous, Pamphlets, etc 22
Novels, Stories 3
Periodicals 15
Physics, Astronomy 4
Poetry 7
Political Economy 3
Societies, Clubs, Lodges, etc 64
Theology 10
Universities, Schools, etc 7
3
20
4
11
23
1
47
4
19
7
12
41
3
5
20
21
16
15
4
6
4
1
18
1
5
3
21
1
385 277 68 22
.. 12
. . 32
.. 12
1 44
. . 51
1 34
1 24
.. 27
1 42
64
22
27
42
13
39
44
18
9
32
28
80
47
13
4 756
Thirty volumes manuscript records of ancient
Dutch Churches of America.
Through the generosity of one of our former Presi-
dents, Hon. Eobt. B. Eoosevelt, the Society possesses
probably a larger number of the works of Grotius
than can be found elsewhere in any one library in
this country. A catalogue of these books will be
found in the Year-Book for 1889-90,
'g/^/g/®/®/'®/©/®/®/^/©/©/®/®/©/®/^'©/'®/©/^/'®/®^'©''
©/^/®/®/©/®/®/©/®/®/®/®/@/®/®/©/®/^/®/@/@/©/®/'®/l/l/'
PROCEEDINGS OF
THE SEVENTH ANNUAL MEETING.
■P-v^^IHE Seventli Annual Meeting of Tlie Hol-
^^B^5v ^^^^ Society of New- York was held on
^■^§ Wednesday evening, April 6, 1892, at the
^ Manhattan Athletic Club, Madison Ave-
nue and Forty-fifth street.
The President, Hon. George M. Van Hoesen, on
taking the chair, congratulated the members on the
prosperity of the Society, as shown in the growing
numbers and in the perfect harmony existing in the
organization. He referred to the books, prints, etc.,
which had been gathered as the nucleus of a very
valuable library, and expressed the hope that effort
might be made in the near future to provide a home
for the Society where these volumes could be con-
sulted by the members.
The minutes of the last annual meeting of the So-
ciety were then read and approved.
The Committee on Nominations for officers for the
ensuing year, duly appointed by the Trustees, con-
sisting of Messrs. Henry R. Beekman, John W.
99
100
Vrooman, Charles H. Eoosevelt, Henry S. Van Beu-
ren, and Eobert A. Van Wyck, had sent to all the
members, ten days before the date of this meeting,
a printed list of nominations for all offices.
General E. L. Viele and Mr. Gilbert S. Van Pelt
were appointed as tellers for the election. By unani-
mous consent Mr. Henry R. Beekman cast one ballot,
and the tellers reported the election of the ticket
presented by the Committee on Nominations. The
President thereupon declared the following gentle-
men to be the officers for the ensuing year :
President,
AUGUSTUS VAN WYCK.
Vice-Presidents,
ITew-York City . . . . Warner Van Norden.
BrooJihjn, N. Y. . ■ . Judah B. Voorhees.
Netvtown, L. I. John E. Van Nostrand.
North Hempstead, N. Y. ■ Andrew J. Ondei'donk.
Staten Island, N. Y. . . ■ James D. Van Hoevenbergh.
Albany, K Y. Albert Van Der Veer, M. D.
Kingston, N. Y, Augustus Schoonmaker.
KinderhooJr, N. Y. . . . . Pierre Van Buren Hoes.
Schenectady, N. Y. . . ■ . Giles Y. Van De Bogert.
Lansinghurgh, N. Y. . . . William C. Groesbeck.
Amsterdam, N. Y. . . . . Walter L. Van Denbergh.
GoUesMU, N. Y. John Van Schaick.
Buffalo, N.Y. Sheldon Thompson Viele.
GatsMll, N.Y. Rev. Evert Van Slyke, D. D.
Poughlceejysie, N. Y. . . . Frank Hasbrouck.
BocMand County, N. Y. . Rev. Cornelius R.Blauvelt, Ph.D.
Westchester County, N. Y. Charles H. Roosevelt.
Yonkers, N. Y, William L. Heermance.
Minisink, Orange Co., N. Y. Amos Van Etten, Jr.
Jersey City, N. J. . . . . Cornelius C. Van Reypen.
Bergen County, N.J.. . . John Quackenbush.
Passaic County, N. J. . ■ John Hopper.
Monmouth County, If. J.
Netv BrunswicJc, If. J.
Somerset County, N. J.
Camden, N.J.. . ■ ■
PMladelphia, Pa. . .
United States Army .
United States Navy .
101
. D. Augustas Van Der Veer.
. Charles H. Voorhees, M. D.
. James J. Bergen,
. Peter L. Voorhees.
. Eugene Van Loan.
. Maj.-Gen. Stewart Van Vliet.
. Com. Wm. Knickerbocker Van
Reypen,
Secretary,
Theodore M. Banta.
Tbeasukeb,
Eugene Van Schaick.
Trustees,
James William Beekman, Charles H. Truax,
D. B. St. John Roosa, Abraham Van Santvoord,
Tunis G. Bergen.
Messrs. George G. DeWitt and Lucas L. Van Allen
were appointed to escort tlie President-elect, Judge
Van Wyck, to the platform, who addressed the So-
ciety as foUows :
SPEECH BY JUDGE A. VAN WYCK.
HILDREN of New Netherlands, being
herself a child of old Netherlands : Both
New and old Netherlands are rich in
splendid traditions and pregnant with
beneficent ideas and deeds which have done so
much to ennoble mankind. However much I may-
have bathed in the limitless ocean of unrestrained
ambition, your generous treatment this evening has
filled to overflowing my cup of ambition completely
gratified. No greater honor can be conferred upon
an American gentleman than the presidency of this,
the equal, at least, of aU those societies founded upon
the sentiment of common ancestry. "Well might I
rest at this point, for it has been wisely written that
sUence is golden and speech is only silvern. By
nature I lean toward that gold standard; yet the
impulse of your commands and the environments of
this occasion impel me toward the silver standard,
making me appear for the moment a kind of bimetal-
list — as to what a bimetaUist is, you are referred for
further information to some of the distinguished
aspirants for another presidency. Now, let us see
103
what Hollanders and their descendants have con-
tributed to the grand make-up of human progress.
Bear in mind that the estimation of the worth of any-
class associated together by some common tie, such
as the same occupation, school of thought, creed of
faith or ancestry, should be measured by the average
conduct and not by that of some sporadic freak. We
must not judge England's judiciary by Jeffreys, nor
the Revolutionary soldiers by Benedict Arnold, nor
the Knickerbockers by the good-natured, worthless,
lazy, and dissipated Dutchman, Rip Van Winkle.
This should be remembered; for man, from careless-
ness or envy, is too prone to judge every class, except
his own, by some depreciating exception rather than
by the general rule. No class has suffered more from
this tendency than our people, who have, through
modesty and an over-confiding faith in man's sense
of justice, stood by silently, patiently, and without
protest, while their ancestors have been unfaii'ly
painted in the colors of the ludicrous incidents
recited in Irving's "Knickerbocker." It is time for
this Society to imperiously command a halt in such
immanly criticism, and demand justice to the Dutch
from all. They have gloriously fulfilled the mission
of man according to the design of the great " First
Cause" of all things, whom I am not ashamed to call,
in this or in any other presence, by the old-fashioned
name taught us in our own innocent childhood by
our loving and piu-e Dutch mothers — "God our
Father in Heaven." What is this mission of man
on earth ? In the beginning the world was finished
and committed to him for examination and compre-
hension, and to that end he was endowed with mental
faculties. From then till now "Mind is power" has
104
been a truism; whether it be for good or evil de-
pends upon whether it works in harmony or conflict
with the moral forces. The great Architect, mak-
ing man a free agent, with affections and passions
which, if unbridled, might blind the perception of
right and wi'oug, furnished him a sm*e guide for the
regulation of his intellectual forces. He carries
within himself a faithful sentinel who is ever ready
to sound the alarm when danger approaches. Unse-
cured, unbruised, and unperverted conscience may
be safely followed as a touchstone of virtue. Con-
science, the loveliest and purest of queens, keeping
vigil in each human breast, is too sensitive to submit
to habitual neglect. The Dutch, in the harmonious
and proportionate development and culture of mind
and conscience, have kept themselves at all times
fully abreast of the highest progi-ess of the age. As
a race their minds have been trained and disciplined
to call from vagueness and uncertainty to precision
and system — the parents of justice and civilization —
the useful and needed information out of the vast
storehouse of memory, thus enabling the mind's
wandering powers to be collected at will and concen-
trated upon the single, all-absorbing, and important
question of the moment with perfect loyalty to the
best dictates of a healthy conscience. They have for
four centuries with untiring energy traveled up and
down the ladder of cause and effect, testing each
round thereof on each Journey in the critical exami-
nation and comprehension of the structural mysteries
of the always exj^anding temple of animate and
inanimate nature. Is it to be wondered at that a
people so true to the law of then- creation should
have labored triumphantly in every field of human
105
endeavor for the enlightenment, advancement, and
betterment of their fellow-man? History is radiant
with their good and brilliant achievements in mental,
moral, and physical ciiltui-e; in theology, philosophy,
and education; in the sciences of law, government,
and war; in arts and invention; in commerce,
finance, and all material industries; and last, but
not least, in the alpine cause of civil and religious
liberty.
To-night is the three hundred and twenty-sixth an-
niversary of one of the most momentous events of
history. It marks the openly proclaimed union of the
Dutch noblemen and plain people, under the leader-
ship of Henri de Brederode, in pronounced revolt
against the enforcement of the decrees of the Coun-
cil of Trent, which would have reduced to abject bon-
dage the mind, conscience, and body of man. It marks
the commencement of a conflict which placed in the
hand of each man the torch of liberty, illuminating
the pathway to the formation of a government of the
people, by the people, and for the people, the bless-
ings of which we now enjoy. In a spirit of contempt
for the tyrannical Philip II. of Spain, the most power-
ful monarch of that age, they adopted the " beggar's
wallet" as the insignia of their cause — civil and re-
ligious liberty. In celebration of that day and that
event, we convene on its anniversary in annual meet-
ing, oui" members decorated with the same badge.
The Dutch with moral and intellectual courage have
fought the good fight of life, recognizing but one
courage, the courage of truth; and satisfied with but
one victory, the victory of truth — the voice of justice.
Point out in the Constitution and laws of England,
the United States, and the several States, the pro-
106
visions best fitted for the preservation and protection
of the rights of life, liberty, pursuit of happiness and
prosperity, and of the freedom of conscience, speech,
and a public press, and I will show you that these
provisions are Dutch by birth. Do you realize that
your gi'andfathers, only ten or twelve degrees re-
moved, were the compatriots and contemporaries of
William the Silent? And his Netherlands, we es-
pecially and the world generally are justly proud
of, for to it mankind owes an immeasurable debt of
gi'atitude. I accept the presidency of this Society,
conscious of the honor, and appreciating that every
privilege carries with it a corresponding duty, which
I shall endeavor to perform in a manner deserving of
your approval. This Society is in its infancy, com-
pared with its possibilities. With a magnificent con-
stituency from which to recruit, you should never
rest content till it reaches a membership of at least
five thousand. To give a fresh impetus in that di-
rection, the aid and cooperation of each officer and
member are earnestly solicited. If each will devote
the small part of only one day, out of three hundred
and sixty-five yet to come, in an honest effort to se-
cure two new members, these possibilities will become
probabilities to be soon followed by actualities. For
the purpose of adding even greater dignity and char-
acter to this already eminent Society, and zest to its
work, and of arousing a true spirit of generous hos-
pitality and gallantry among its members, it would
be both discreet and wise to tender an annual re-
ception to the ladies of our Knickerbocker families,
thereby gaining the refining influences, encourage-
ment, and helpfulness of a legion of charming and
enthusiastic well-wishers in the gi'eat work before us.
107
Five thousand members, "with annual dues of ten or
twenty dollars, would realize a net annual income of
$50,000 or $100,000, suflScient to establish success-
fully a permanent home with all the accommodations,
advantages, privileges, and pleasures of the best-
equipped club, which would become the resort not
only of the metropolitan members, but of Dutchmen
from every section of the country in their frequent
pilgi'images to this great center of trade, commerce,
finance, and culture, and in the end would make
this the most influential and powerful society on the
face of the globe. These practical suggestions ai-e
thrown out for deliberate consideration in your leis-
ure moments.
In every sweet of life some trace of bitter can be
detected, and this occasion is no exception ; for I sin-
cerely regret the retirement of our distinguished,
loyal, and efficient President, Judge Van Hoesen. He
has so graced and adorned the position, none can
excel and few can hope to equal him. Believing
that a rotation of both the responsibilities and honors
of the Society will subserve its best interest and
broaden its field of success, I frankly at this oppor-
tune time announce I have no aspiration to be my
own successor.
The Secretary read the following report of the
Committee on Delfts Haven Memorial, the chair-
man. Judge A. T. Clearwater, being unavoidably
detained from the meeting :
April 4, 1892.
To The Holland Society :
The Committee appointed at the annual meeting
of the Society held in 1890 to consider what steps, if
108
auy, sliould be taken by the Society with reference
to the proposed erection at Delfts Haven in Holland
of a memorial commemorative of the sailing of the
Pilgrims from that port in 1620, respectfnlly report :
That since the report made by your Committee to
the Society at its annual meeting in 1891, the Robin-
son memorial tablet has been placed in position and
unveiled with appropiiate ceremonies at Leyden.
That your Committee have been in correspondence
with the Chairman appointed by the Congregational
Club of Boston relative to the same matter, and that
but a trifling sum has been subscribed in all New
England, or in the Congregational denomination,
towards the proposed memorial.
The opposition which the project first encountered
has to a very large extent died away, and the erro-
neous views largely entertained in New England with
regard to the treatment of the Pilgrims whUe so-
journing in Holland have been dissipated. Your
Committee feel that the descendants of Hollanders
throughout the United States are deeply indebted
to the Rev. William Elliott Griffis, D, D., pastor of
the Shawmut Congregational Church of Boston, for
his efforts in this behalf. Dr. Griffis, although a
Welshman by descent, has done more than any one
individual of to-day to clear away a cloud of mis-
representation regarding the treatment of the Pil-
grims by the Dutch.
It is now proposed during the coming autumn to
hold a meeting of representatives of the committees
appointed by all the organizations having the erec-
tion of the proposed memorial under consideration,
and of all associations that have indicated a dis-
position to assist in the matter, and it is hoped that
at this meeting some definite plan of action will be
agreed upon, and that some substantial method of
raising the necessary funds will be adopted.
The members of the Society will doubtless realize
that two years ago, when the subject was fii'st agi-
109
tated, the descendants of the Pilgrims in many-
instances manifested a decided hostility to the move-
ment, and that therefore your Committee and the
committees of other organizations having the pro-
ject under consideration, in place of the congenial
task of molding an existing public sentiment into
form, were obliged to remove opposition, and to cre-
ate a public sentiment in favor of the movement.
Your Committee therefore suggest that, if it be in
accord with the wishes of the Society, they be au-
thorized to attend the meeting hereinbefore spoken
of, and to confer with the representatives of various
organizations, with instructions to report at the next
annual meeting of the Society.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
A. T. Cleahwatee, Chairman,
Edward Ellsworth,
John R. Vooehees,
L. B. Van Gaasbeck,
KiLiAN Van Rensselaer,
Committee.
The recommendation of Committee was adopted.
General Viele, on behalf of the Committee on
Statue of a "Typical Dutchman," proposed to be
erected in this city, made a report in which he re-
ferred to a visit he had recently made to Holland,
where as a representative of the Society he had been
received with much kindness and consideration. He
exhibited a drawing of the ship in which Hendrick
Hudson had discovered the Hudson River, and sug-
gested that a duplicate of that vessel should be con-
structed in Holland and brought to this country for
exhibition during the Columbian Exposition, the
proceeds of which would furnish the funds for the
erection of a statue to the typical Dutchman. He
110
estimated the cost for the building of the ship com-
plete, and delivery in the city of New- York, with all
the expenses of the crew, etc., paid for three months,
at $42,000.
The report was received and ordered on file.
The Trustees recommended the following amend-
ments to the Constitution, which were adopted :
Resolved, That Section 4 of Article VI. be amended
by substituting the word "February" for the word
"April."
Resolved, That Section 6 of Article VI. be amended
to read as follows :
Should any member neglect to pay his annual sub-
scription within six months of the time when it is
due, his name shall be dropped from the roll of the
Society, imless for any good and sufiicient reason
the Trustees shall vote to remit or suspend such
penalty.
Mr. AUen Lee Smidt proposed the following
amendment to the Constitution, which was also
adopted :
Resolved, That Article IX. be amended by adding
thereto the following words: But no amendment
shall be made except upon the recommendation of
the Board of Trustees, or on the written request of
at least fifteen members of the Society, and after the
mailing to each member notice of any proposed
amendment at least ten days before the meeting at
which it is intended to be acted upon.
Mr. Heermance offered a resolution to the effect that
as there appears to be a want of knowledge regard-
ing the literature and literary advantages of the first
Ill
Dutch settlers of New Amsterdam, a committee
should be appointed to collect such books as were in
use in those early times, and all data connected with
the subject, and to report thereon to the Society.
Eeferred to Committee on History and Tradition.
Eev. Dr. Ten Eyck presented the following pre-
amble and resolution, which were referred to the
Board of Trustees :
Whereas, Many members of The Holland Society
are opposed to the present system of providing for
the Annual Dinner of The Holland Society on ac-
count of the cost including wine, which they do not
use, and which they are conscientiously opposed to
paying for when used by others, therefore
Resolved, That the Dinner Committee be advised
hereafter to provide the dinner at the cost incurred
by other societies, for instance, the St. Nicholas, at
$5 per plate, wine to be ordered and paid for by the
users of the same.
General Viele offered the following resolution,
which was unanimously adopted :
Besolved, That the cordial thanks of The Holland
Society of New- York are due and are hereby ten-
dered to the Honorable George M. Van Hoesen for
his very able, dignified, and successful administration
of the office of President during the past year.
Mr. Frank Hasbrouck offered the following reso-
lution, which was adopted :
Resolved, That this meeting recommend that the
Board of Trustees restore as soon as possible the
Building Fund provided for by subdivision A of
112
Section 9 of the By-Laws to the state and condition
such fund would now be in had the provisions of
said By-Law been observed up to the present time ;
that for such purpose said Board of Trustees trans-
fer to said Building Fund any available balance of
cash in the treasury from time to time until said
fund shall be fully restored.
That said Building Fund be kept distinct and
separate from the other funds of the Society, and be
invested for the purpose of accumulation — all intei*-
est earned by said fund to be credited to the fund.
That subdivision A of Section 9 of the By-Laws be
amended so that in the future its provisions shall
be obligatory upon the Board of Trustees, and so
that said Board shall no longer have authority to
otherwise appropriate said Building Fund.
Adjourned.
THE TREASURER'S ANNUAL REPORT,
The HoLiiAND Society of New- York, in account with
Eugene Van Schaick, Treasurer, from May 1, 1891,
to Mai-ch 15, 1892.
Balance to credit of Society at date of last
aunual report, May 1, 1891 $4,554.24
Old dues coUected $ 200.00
1891 dues collected, iu addition to
amount stated in last annual report,
$2,500 1,420.00
Initiation fees 210.00
Dues paid iu advance 65.00
Mrs. D. Van Nostrand's contribution to
Building Fund 10.00
Interest on deposit to January 1, 1892, 32.73
Moneys returned by Dinner Committee 142.40
Proceeds of sale of Certificates of Mem-
bership 68.00
Sales, Year-Book 68.00 2,216.13
$6,770.37
113
Expenses of Annual Meeting, May 19, 1891,
supper, etc $ 567.25
J. H. Johnston &^ Co., mounting and engraving
maUet ....'. 14.00
German-American Insurance Co., insurance on
books, etc 6.00
Lincoln Safe Deposit Co., storage on property of
Society 1.50
Van Wagner account 50.00
Printing Constitution and By-Laws, binding and
mailing 290.75
Theo. M. Banta, Esq., Chairman Committee on
Ancient Records 359.75
Geo. W. Van Siclen, Esq., for Year-Book .... 648.51
Manhattan Athletic Chib, dinner account .... 763.00
Clerk to Secretary 300.00
Secretary's disbursements, notices, postage, etc. . 676.34
Former Secretary's unpaid disbursements .... 148.14
Clerk to Treasurer 92.00
Treasurer's disbursements, notices, postage, etc. . 18.35
Books purchased for Library 40.75
Rent for storage of Library, etc., to April 1, 1892, 210.00
Cataloguing Library 185.55
To credit of Society, March 15, 1892, 2,398.48
$6,770.37
Note. — Annual meetings heretofore have been held about the middle
of May, and as dues are payable April 1st, the Treasurer's report
always showed at least $2,500 of current dues collected. At the last
annual meeting, however, the date of the annual meeting was changed
to April 6th. It will be understood, therefore, that though the balance
in the Treasurer's hands on the day of making this report is smaller
than reported last year, yet, if this report had been delayed till May to
correspond with last year, the receipts would have been increased by
about three thousand dollars, so that the Treasury is actually in better
condition than it was a year ago.
The Treasurer also begs to report that $340 have been subscribed by
members toward the Northwestern Academy, of Orange City, Sioux
County, Iowa, of which $55 has been paid in cash.
Dated March 15, 1892. Eugene Van Schaick, Treasurer.
JUDGE AUGUSTUS VAN WYCK.
HE following sketch of Judge Van
Wyck's career, which appeared in the
"New Amsterdam Gazette" upon his
accession to the Presidency of the So-
ciety, finds fitting place in the Year Book:
Hon. Augustus Van Wyck, the newly elected Pres-
ident of The Holland Society of New- York, is
forty-five years of age and a man of attractive per-
115
sonal appearance aud of a quiet and unassuming
manner, though possessed of great mental activity
and physical energy.
He was fitted for collegiate studies at Phillips
Academy, Exeter, New Hampshire, and gi'aduated
with high honors at the University of North Caro-
lina. He is a remarkably pleasant, interesting, and
eloquent speaker.
He is a son of the late Hon. WiUiam Van Wyck,
who was a distinguished lawyer and public man in
the city of New-Yoi'k sixty years ago, being in his
early manhood an admirer and confidential friend of
Presidents Andi-ew Jackson and Martin Van Biu'en.
The subject of this sketch is a descendant on the
paternal side in the seventh generation from Corne-
lius Barents Van Wyck, who came to New Nether-
lands in 1650 from the town of Wyck, Holland, and
married in 1660 at Flatbush, Kings County, New-
York, Ann, daughter of Rev. Johannes Theodoi'us
Polhemus, the first Dutch Eeformed minister in that
county. AH the American Van Wycks are descen-
dants of this couple.
Though it is not a very numerous family, yet many
of them have been prominent and conspicuous in the
professions and in the public service as judges, legis-
lators, congi'essmen, senators, and soldiers in all the
wars of our country, including that for American
Independence. The Van Wycks of Holland are an
aristocratic family, and continue to use the same coat
of arms as that brought here by the American Van
Wycks upward of two centuries ago.
They are connected by intermarriage with all the
old notable families throughout this State, viz.: Van
Rensselaer, Van Cortlandt, Beekmau, Gardiner, Van
116
Vechten, Livingston, Hamilton, Seymour, and other
families.
The Holland Society, which is the true home of
the Knickerbockers, being composed of the descen-
dants of Hollanders settling in America prior to
1675, over one hundred years before the Declaration
of American Independence, has wisely chosen a
worthy and eminent member of this old and distin-
guished family to preside over its deliberations.
President Van Wyck is a genial, social companion
and a cultured gentleman, who early manifested ac-
tive and intellectual interest in all the associations of
life as they arose, and being an earnest and faithful
worker in the ranks, has frequently earned from his
associates the highest honors in their gift.
He was, at college, editor of the " University Maga-
zine," and president of the Literary Society. He has
been Grand Master of the Grand Chapter of the Zeta
Psi Fraternity, which has subordinate chapters in all
the leading colleges and universities of the United
States and Canada. He delivered at a college con-
vention held in Boston a few years ago an address
on the advantages and beneficial influences of these
Greek-letter fraternities, which made such an impres-
sion that the trustees of several prominent institu-
tions of learning withdrew their opposition to them.
He is on the Committee on Canons, and the Stand-
ing Committee for the Diocese of Long Island of the
Episcopal Church, and also one of the trustees of its
cathedral at Garden City.
In 1880 he was one of the chief promoters of the
movement for the reorganization of the Democracy
of Brooklyn, believing it was advisable in the interest
of consistency and would lead to better and safer
117
relations with the great body of the Democratic
party throughout the country.
The plan received large adherence and was adop-
ted; and in 1882 he was elected president of the
Democratic General Committee of Kings County,
and was repeatedly reelected. He was for a number
of years a member of the Democratic State Central
Committee, and has frequently been a delegate to
national. State, county, and city conventions of his
party, presiding over some of them.
He enjoyed a large and lucrative practice at the
bar, being an effective advocate, a sound lawyer, and
safe adviser. In 1885 the people of Brooklyn elected
him to the bench of one of the four- Superior City
Courts of this State.
Judge Van Wyck, though always devoted to his
professional and judicial duties, has found time to
deliver numerous addresses before colleges, societies,
clubs, political and social gatherings. In the per-
formance of his official duties he is veiy systematical
and expeditious, and is noted as well for his courtesy
and patience in hearing counsel, as for the firmness
and clearness with which, after discussion, he decides
the matter in hand, giving the parties the fullest
opportunity to assert such rights as they may desire
on appeal.
He is an accomplished parliamentarian, and pre-
sides with that ease and grasp of the pending busi-
ness which promotes the good work of a delib-
erative body. Judge Van Wyck married Miss Leila
G. Wilkins, a daughter of the late Dr. William W.
Wilkins, of Richmond, Va. They have two chil-
dren,— William Van Wyck, a member of the New-
York bar, and a daughter, Miss Leila G. Van Wyck.
118
His only living bi'other is Judge Eobert A. Van
Wyck, of the New- York City Coui-t, who is also
one of the highly esteemed members of The Hol-
land Society.
The admirable article of Andrew S. Draper, Esq.,
New- York State Superintendent of Public Instruc-
tion, on "Public School Pioneering in New- York and
Massachusetts," published in the "Educational Re-
view" for April, 1892, had been reprinted in pamphlet
form, and copies were distributed at the Society
meeting.
This paper shows so convincingly that our Dutch
forefathers were in the lead in the movement for the
education of the common people that no apology is
needed for inserting it in the Year Book.
PUBLIC SCHOOL PIONEERING
IN NEW-YORK AND MASSACHUSETTS.
By Andrew S. Draper,
State Superintendent of Public Instruction, Albany, N. Y.
Reviewing the evolutionary process from the beginning,
we note that there have been six steps : compulsory educa-
tion, compulsory schools, compulsory certification of teach-
ers, compulsory supervision, compulsory taxation, compul-
sory attendance ; and it seems that Massachusetts took each
of these steps in advance of the other States — a little in
advance of her sister States in New England, far in ad-
vance of all the others.
The above is perhaps the most striking passage in
a paper by Mr. George H. Martin, the accomplished
agent of the State Board of Education of Massachu-
setts, read at the Department of Superintendence of
the National Edvtcational Association, in Philadel-
phia, in February, 1891, under the title "Compulsory
Education in Massachusetts." The literary finish as
well as the audacity of the paper attracted particular
attention.
The department was justified in expecting that
Mr. Martin would present the methods adopted in his
120
State to insure a general attendance of children upon
school, and the extent to which such methods had
been effectual; and upon that subject, it was be-
lieved there was much to be said. Instead of doing
that, he treated of the educational history of Massa-
chusetts, and claimed that it antedated and over-
shadowed that of all other sections of the country.
He manifested sensitiveness because "some recent
writers " had been unwilling to adopt this view, and
resented the suggestion that the Dutch as well as the
English had had something to do with inaugurating
and promoting educational activity on this side of
the ocean. As so many other loyal and accomplished
Massachusetts men have done before him, he elimi-
nated matters which do not support his claims, re-
ferred to places and events which start a patriotic
glow in every American breast, asserted general
propositions which meet a ready response in every
American soul, and secured in this way the acquies-
cence of his hearers in statements and inferences not
supported by facts and opposed to the truth of au-
thentic history.
The broad subject cannot be traversed in a maga-
zine article. Only one phase of it will now be consid-
ered. It is the conviction of the writer of this article
that America is indebted to the Dutch rather than to the
English for the essential principles of the great free-
school system of the country, and that in the several
most important steps tvhich have marked the establish-
ment and the development of that system, New-York and
not Massachusetts has led the ivay.
In support of this proposition an appeal must be
made to well-known facts, to the views of approved
authorities, and to the original records. Even then
121
New- York is at a disadvantage, for the records of
New Netherlands are by no means so complete as are
those of the colonies of Plymouth and Massachusetts
Bay. She cannot permit this disadvantage to be in-
creased by accepting as proof the embellished utter-
ances of fervid poets, orators, and " historians " whose
literary work is colored and biased by their love for
the " mountain where their fathers worshiped."
At the time of the early settlements upon the Mas-
sachusetts coast, the Republic of the Netherlands
presented the first instance in the history of the
world in which a republican form of government had
existed for any length of time over a teiTitory of any
size. The right of self-government had been won in
a bloody war, in which more than a hundred thou-
sand Netherlanders had lost their lives. By valor,
for conscience' sake, they had broken the rod of the
oppressor, thrust back the kingly power crushed and
beaten, and gained the right to think and act for
themselves. They had set up a form of popular gov-
ernment which became the model for our several
States and our confederated republic. Having paid
the price, they knew the value of liberty. Their
country became the asylum of the oppressed of other
lands. It witnessed a great commercial and indus-
trial development. In education, painting, political
science, finance, mechanical industries, and commer-
cial activity, the Dutch were leading the world. They
were coming and going also, and thus indoctrinating
others with their love of liberty and their business
prosperity,
England was not in a condition to be compared
with the Netherlands. Her people numbered but
two fifths of the present population of New- York.
122
She was under the domination of the king ; agricul-
tural products were few ; manufacturing was almost
unknown ; the church and state were one. The
whole policy of the government, so far as learning
was concerned, was to educate a few elaborately for
the purposes of the state and church, and to keep
the masses in ignorance for fear they would learn
their rights and demand them. The only schools
were Latin schools and universities for the nobility.
There were no schools for the people. "Writing of a
time one hundred and fifty years later, Mr. Bancroft
says the mass of the people of England could not
read or write. Indeed, this policy has been followed
by the English government ever since, though now
it seems to have discovered that it can continue no
longer.
Means of travel were then extremely meager. Peo-
ple could travel more easily by water than on the
land. The Spanish invasion of the Netherlands sent
many Dutchmen to the eastern shores of England.
The expulsion of the invaders, with ensuing results,
brought many Englishmen to the Netherlands. The
Dutch influence made the eastern counties of Eng-
land the hotbed of opposition to the prevailing gov-
ernment and the established church. Persecution
ensued, and the martyr fires were lighted. These
eastern counties furnished the greater part of the
victims. But the blood of the martyrs nurtured the
cause. In a little time it involved all England in a
revolution which cost the king his head. But it was
a revolution which could endure but a few years in
that age and on that territory.
123
IN MASSACHUSETTS.
From these eastern counties of England came the
first settlers of Massachusetts. They came to make
a revolution successful in the New World which the
people at home could not fully accomplish.
Plymouth colony was first settled in 1620 by a
company of nonconformists, or opponents of the
English Church, who first went to Holland in 1609
for that freedom of worship which was denied them
at home. They were obliged to go by stealth. For
attempting to do so they were hunted down by Eng-
lish authority, and a portion of their number im-
prisoned and fined. They remained in Holland
eleven years, and then came to the New World.
They did not cease to be Englishmen. Indeed, the
main reason for transplanting the colony from Hol-
land to Plymouth was the fear that they would be-
come absorbed by the Dutch. Their sons would fall
in love with Dutch girls, and their daughters would
marry Dutchmen. They would be absorbed into the
Dutch life if they stayed there. That was precisely
what they did not want. Therefore they came to
Plymouth.
The colony at Massachusetts Bay came ten years
later. It came direct from eastern England. It was
not on principle opposed to the English Church. It
was composed of Puritans. There were Puritans
within the church as well as without it. The Puri-
tan was first and last the servant of God, According
to the testimony they have left us, the company of
Puritans who settled at Massachusetts Bay came
to propagate the Gospel.^ The government was a
1 '< New Englander," Vol. XLIV., p. 214.
124
quasitheocraey. The church was first and foremost
in the governmental oi-ganism. The government
built the building, paid the minister, and managed
all the affairs of the church. The minister was a
member of the governing body. No man could be
elected a " freeman," or have any voice in choosing
the officers or determining the policy of the govern-
ment, unless he was a member of the church.^ The
chui'ch and the state were one and the same.
In both of these colonies English habits, customs,
and ideas of course prevailed. The people were
thoroughly English, and did not cease to be so for
two or three generations. "We should expect them to
follow the English plan in reference to education and
the schools, and they did. The claims of the men
from Massachusetts who speak upon her educational
history are so great that we must expect to find a
school-house rising on Plymouth Eock the morning
after the disembarkation, but m the Pbpnouth Colony
there was no school of any character for fifty-two years
after the settlement.^ The colony had increased to
twelve villages before any school was started, and
the school then started was not an elementary school,
but a Latin school.^
In the colony of Massachusetts Bay there were
considerable wealth and an educated clergy from the
beginning, and the clerical influence was manifest
and strong. Indeed, the common feeling of the
people exacted and sustained an influential clergy.
Religion was the dominant element in the Puritan
character. The Bible was their civil constitution.
1 Winsor, " Memorial History of Massachusetts," Vol. III., p. 313,
2 "Plymouth Records," Vol. V., p. 107.
3 "Plymouth Eecords," November, 1677.
125
Whatever was done was done to promote the ends
of the church. The Massachusetts colony was a sect
all of one mind. It was a most intolerant sect. It
imprisoned, banished, and hanged any one who
seemed likely to disturb the harmony of the sect.
To differ in opinion was a crime. Everything which
they could do was done to bind this theocracy to-
gether and to prevent the possibility of intrusion
from without or dissension within.
In 1636 these people contributed their first money
for an educational purpose. It was expended to pro-
mote their sectarian end, and it was in accord with
the universal English idea. It was a payment of
£400 to found a theological coUege, for such Har-
vard College was in its beginning." All that they did
along educational lines for several generations was to
promote that end, and was in accord with that idea.
The town records of Boston in 1635 state that
"Brother Philemon Purmont" was "entreated to
become a schoolmaster."" There is no proof that he
did so. The evidence is rather to the contrary, for
there would have been records had there been any-
thing to record.
It is known that in 1636 a Latin school was started.
Probably the invitation to "Brother Purmont" had
reference to that. It was for the same purpose as
the college, and a necessary feeder to it. In succeed-
ing years, other Latin schools were opened in other
towns of the colony. But there were no other schools
started. The Boston Latin School was the only school
in Boston for more than fifty years after the founding
1 Barry's "History of Massachusetts," pp. 310-313. Also
"North American Review," Vol. XL VII., p. 276.
2 "Boston Records," Vol. I., p. 3.
126
of the town. Some have assumed that this school
taught the elementary branches. It is all assump-
tion, and opposed to known facts.' Children were
to be taught to read at home or by the masters to
whom they were apprenticed." Again and again the
statement is made that this was in order that they
might read the Bible. A few brighter boys were
sent to the Latin school that they might enter the
college and prepare for the ministry.
There is nothing to indicate that the starting of
the Latin school was, at the time, considered a mat-
ter of consequence. Governor Winthrop's journal
treats of everything which the leading man in the
colony considered at all important, — of many things
which seem to us very unimportant, — but it contains
no reference to this school.
Much is made of the action of the colonial govern-
ment in 1642, touching the teaching of children to
read and to recite the Catechism, as well there may
be, but it had no reference to schools. It referred
wholly to family instruction, or instruction by mas-
ters to their apprentices. Indeed, it is proof that
there was no school for elementary instruction.
Otherwise the injunction would have been to send
children to such school.
Now we come to what Mr. Martin calls the " Com-
pulsory Education Law " of 1647. As it is the most
important of the early acts, and as I am unable to
agree with all that is claimed for it, I present it entire.
It being one chief project of Satan to keep men from
the knowledge of the Scriptures, as in former times keeping
1 Winsor, "History of Boston," p. 237.
2 "Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society,"
Vol. XII., p. 387.
127
them in unknown tongues, so in these later times by persuad-
ing from the use of tongues, that so at least the true sense
and meaning of the original might be clouded with false
glosses of deceivers ; to the end that learning may not be
buried in the graves of our forefathers, in church and in
commonwealth, the Lord assisting our endeavors :
It is therefore ordered by this court and the authority
thereof, that every township within this jurisdiction, after
the Lord hath increased them to the number of fifty house-
holders, shall then forthwith appoint one within their towns
to teach all siich children as shall resort to him to write and
read, whose wages shall be paid either by the parents or mas-
ters of such children, or by the inhabitants in general, by
way of supply, as the major part of those that order the pru-
dentials of the town shall appoint; provided that those who
send their children be not oppressed by paying much more
than they cau have them taught for in other towns.
And it is further ordered, that where any town shall in-
crease to the number of one hundred families or house-
holders, they shall set up a grammar school, the master
thereof being able to instruct youth so far as they may be
fitted for the university ; and if any town neglect the per-
formance hereof above one year, then every such town shall
pay five pounds per annum to the next such school, till they
perform this order.
It will be noticed in the first place that the I'eason
assigned for passing the act was to circumvent Satan,
whose " chief project " was " to keep men from the
knowledge of the Scriptures.'' It was to promote
the ends of the Puritan Church.
Two things are ordered to be done ; first, in towns
of fifty householders a person was to be designated
to teach children who should "resort to him" to
" write and read " ; second, in towns of one hundred
householders a high school was to be maintained to
fit boys for the university.
The second paragraph is the only basis for the
claim that Massachusetts provided for common
128
schools in 1647. It refers to teaching childi'en to
" wi'ite and read," but says nothing about a school.
In determining what it means we are to take the
known circumstances and ideas of the time into ac-
count. In taking this action, these people did only
what they were in the habit of doing; they pro-
gressed only along a line they had been accustomed
to follow ; they were pursuing a policy they had pre-
viously initiated. That was, home instruction suffi-
cient to enable the multitude to read the Bible, and
high schools to train the few for positions in the
church and state. Parents and masters were neg-
lecting to teach children to read. Perhaps some
were unable or incompetent to do so. This was de-
feating the religious aim and purpose of the colony.
Hence they provided for a man in each town who
could supply the deficiency. But it did not imply the
coming together in a common school. There was no
penalty imposed for refusing or neglecting to comply
with the injunction. The only penalty was for not
maintaining high schools, so as to make sure that
the theological college was well supplied.
The manner in which this law was observed also
shows that the authorities by whom and the peo-
ple for whom it was made interpreted it in this way.
Tliere tvas no school but the Latin school in Boston for
thirty-five years after the law was enacted. No steps
were taken to compel the organization of one. Some
of the other towns refused to organize Latin schools.
The penalty in such cases was enforced. They paid
the penalty rather than comply with the law, and the
penalty was from time to time increased. But no-
thing is recorded about a penalty for failing to open
elementary schools, and nothing whatever was said
129
or done in that direction for many years. If there
had been, it would have appeared in the voluminous
records, and Massachusetts men would know all
about it, and be sure to tell of it in good form and
for all it would be worth.
Such early schools as there were in Massachusetts
were then and are now called " free schools." They
were not free schools, however — certainly not in the
sense in which we use the term. They were free
only to the poor. Such as could pay were obliged to
pay.' The writers frequently say that they were sup-
ported upon the principle of "voluntary taxation,"
and if such a thing were possible, they might be
right. We know that school-houses were buUt from
subscriptions. The whole fact is that for certainly
more than sixty years of Massachusetts colonial life,
and probably much longer, elementary instruction
was held to be only a family duty for the attainment
of a religious end. A few of the bi'ighter boys were
sent to a Latin school commonly kept by the village
pastor.- This was likewise for a religious end.
Teachers were required to give satisfaction "accoi'd-
ing to the rules of Christ." ^ To the support of the
school, first the colony and afterward the town de-
voted the income of common lands or fees derived
from licenses to fish in public waters. They sometimes
provided that the school should be no further charge
upon the town.'' Beyond this it was maintained by
church funds, by donations of agricultui*al products
to the minister, and by a rate tax upon such as re-
1 " Massachusetts Kecords," Vol. II., p. 203.
a " New Englander," Vol. XLIV., p. 218.
3 "North American Review," Vol. XLVII., p. 279.
* "Plymouth Records," June, 1674.
17
130
ceived benefits and were able to pay. The early his-
tory of Massachusetts will be searched in vain for any
enunciation of the doctrine that all the property of
all the peojjle, regardless of religious or other opin-
ions, must, by operation of law, be made to con-
tribute ratably to the education of all the children
of the people.
The early Massachusetts schools did not receive
all the children of the people. No boys were received
under seven years of age till 1818. No girls of any
age were admitted prior to 1789. It was one hundred
and forty-two years after the passage of the so-called
" compulsory school law " o/1647 before Boston admitted
one girl to her so-called '■'•free schools,^'' and it was one
hundred and eighty-one years thereafter before girls had
facilities equal to those enjoyed by their brothers}
It was only after a residence of many years, when
the original generation of Pm-itan immigi-ants had
passed away and a native-born generation was shap-
ing affairs ; when the Puritan theocracy was enter-
ing the road leading to an American commonwealth ;
when opinions had become more tolerant ; when re-
gard for the English educational policy had waned;
when the logic of circumstances and events was
pointing to the necessity of a more compi-ehensive
educational plan, the essential principles of which
had already been elsewhere declared and devel-
oped on American soil, — that Massachusetts gave
her adhesion to a system for general education equal
to American needs, and essential to the safety of
American States, based upon the principle of uni-
versal suffrage.
1 Winsor, "History of Boston," p. 242. Also, " Proceedings of
Massachusetts Historical Society," Vol. XH., p. 387.
131
IN NEW-YORK.
As the settlers of Massachusetts were Englishmen
and exemplified the English educational policy, so
the settlers of New- York, or New Netherlands, as it
was called, were Dutchmen, and acted upon the ideas
which prevailed among their people.
As has been already observed, their country had a
republican form of government. Each of the seven-
teen provinces which constituted the Republic of
the Netherlands had a constitution of its own. The
" free cities" of the Nethei'lands governed themselves.
Self-government and popular education have ordi-
narily gone hand in hand and supported each other.
Even in the fourteenth centui-y the independence of
the cities in the Netherlands fostered a desire for
educational advantages, and led to common schools
and universities. Nowhere in Europe were the cu*-
cumstances so favorable as in northwestern Germany
and in the Netherlands. Schools were opened to the
rich and poor, boys and girls alike, in most of the
cities of the northern Netherlands, and in many of
the towns of the southern part of the country. The
teachers of kings and princes in other lands were
commonly taken from the Netherlands.' In 1525
Luther was commissioned by the Duke of Mansfield
to establish two schools in his native town, one for
primary and the other for secondary instruction. These
became the models for others, and in a few years the
Protestant portions of Germany were supplied with
schools. His pupil and coadjutor, Melanchthon, pre-
1 Cramer's "History of Education in the Netherlands during
the Middle Ages."
132
pared a plan for a system of schools in Saxony in
1528 which covered both primary and secondary in-
struction/ In 1574 the people of Leyden raised the
Spanish siege by letting in the water upon the neigh-
boring plains, and as a memorial of the fact founded
the University of Leyden." Following the union of
Utrecht in 1579 it was ordered that "the inhabitants
of towns and villages should, within six weeks, find
good and competent school-masters." Two years
later it was further provided " that such as neglected
to do this should be bound to receive the school-mas-
ters sent to them and provide the usual compensa-
tion."^ In 1618 the Synod of Dort urged that
schools be organized in the country places as well as
in the cities.^ The teachings of Calvin as well as of
Luther had made great headway in Holland. May,
in his work on " Democracy in Europe," says of
Holland: " The whole population was educated. The
higher classes were singularly accomplished. The
University of Leyden was founded for the learned
education of the rich, and free schools were estab-
lished for the general education of all."* And Broad-
head says that schools were everywhere provided, at
the public expense, with good school-masters to in-
struct the children of all classes in the usual branches
of education."
The first settlements upon the Hudson River were
at a time of, and were the result of, unusual activity
in all the affairs of the Netherland Republic. The
1 Painter's "History of Education," pp. 147-152.
2 Fisher's "Outlines of Universal History."
3 " Appleton's Encyclopedia."
■* Boone's " Education in the United States," p. 5.
B May's " Democracy in Europe," Vol. II., pp. 67-72.
6 Broadhead's '"History of New-York," Vol. I., p. 462.
133
Dutch soldiery had just driven back to Spain the
armies of Philip, and the Dutch naval power (with
70,000 seamen, easily the first in the world) had
driven Spanish commerce from the seas, and so
impoverished the Spanish king that he was glad
to agree to a truce of twelve years, which com-
menced in 1609 and ended in 1621. It is worthy
of note that the Plymouth Company went to Hol-
land just at the beginning of this period, and left
just before its termination. These twelve years
witnessed an unusual matex'ial and intellectual devel-
opment in the Low Countries. Learning and com-
merce alike received a new impetus. Dutch vessels
were upon every sea and controlled the carrying
trade of the world. There was a new attempt to find
a water-route to the Indies, a new reaching-out for
other lands and added conquests. Then came the
settlement of New Amsterdam and Fort Orange, in
a country which the settlers patriotically and lov-
ingly called " New Netherland."
The settlers did not flee their country to escape
its oppressions. They came with the approval of
their government. They made no painful preten-
sions to superior honesty, but they bought and paid
for Manhattan Island when they occupied it; and
the charter from their government required them to
satisfy the Indians for any additional lands they
might desire.' They cultivated honorable and amic-
able relations with the natives; they did not meet
protests against robbery with brute force; the shot-
gun was not their chief instrument for converting
Indians to the Christian faith. For many years
they were few in numbers, poor in pocket, and
1 "New- York Colonial Documents," Vol. I., p. 97.
134
quaint in manners. Tliey were bluflf, plain-spoken,
earnest, unpretentious, honest, and thrifty. They
did things without so much talk about them. They
brought their home ideas with them. Those ideas
meant personal toil, self-reUance, self-responsibility,
self-improvement, liberty of opinion, freedom of
action, government by the people, and faith in God.
They were by no means a people without religious
principle. With a conception of life which embraced
something besides piety and the formalities of public
worship, they had a huge-clasped Dutch Bible in
every home, and they set up churches and schools
and brought over professional "domines" and school-
masters just as early as it was in their power to
do so.
Mr. Martin says with emphasis: "There is not the
faintest trace of Dutch influence in the early school
history of Massachusetts." I agree with him. Upon
the fullest investigation I fail to find any. The
colonies of Massachusetts unquestionably got some
ideas of civil government from the Dutch; but so far
as schools were concerned they were operating upon
an entirely different theory, and according to a
widely different plan. However, the colony at the
mouth of the Hudson was altogether under this
Dutch influence, and its early educational history is
full of it.
Although trading- vessels from Holland visited the
H^^dson River each year after the discovery thereof
in 1609, it was not until the winter of 1613-14, when
one of these vessels was burned, and the crew was
obliged to remain at Manhattan while building a
yacht, that the fii'st huts were erected there by Euro-
peans. The merchants who had employed these
135
trading-vessels, encouraged by favorable reports of
the country, associated themselves together under
the name of "The United New Netherland Com-
pany," and in 1615 secured from the States-General
the exclusive right of trade there for three years.
At the end of three years the trade was thrown open
to all, and many vessels pre\aously excluded resorted
thither for the purposes of trade. In 1621 a new and
great company was chartered under the name of
"The Dutch West India Company," "for the profit
and increase of trade," although it was expected to
pi'omote colonization. It was two years after that
date before operations were commenced. In 1623
thirty families were sent from Holland, eight being
left at Manhattan and the remainder going to the
neighborhood of Albany, where a settlement had
in the mean time been effected. The company had
five branches in the principal cities of Holland, the
managers of which were styled "Lords Directors."
The branch at Amsterdam had charge of affairs at
New Amsterdam. The general management of the
company was lodged in an assembly of nineteen
delegates, and this assembly, with the approbation
of the States-General, the legislative body of the
Republic, appointed the Director-General. There
was also a director in each colony. In 1625 forty-
five new settlers were added to New Amsterdam, and
in the following year there is the first appearance of
organized government in the colony.
We know that in this year, 1626, two clergymen,
Sebastian Crol and John Huyck, served the little
village of New Amsterdam, with probably less than
one hundred souls, and the extent to which clergy-
men were accustomed to act as school-masters gives
136
rise to the presumption that they did so in this case,
although there is no positive proof of it.
In 1629 the "West India Company decreed that all
colonists "shall endeavor to find out ways and means
whereby they may supply a minister and scliool-
7naster." This injunction was repeated in succeeding
years.
Many times the colonists petitioned the directoi's
of the West India Company to send over ministers
and professional school-masters. In 1633 the first
professional school-master came over in answer to
these requests. From this time school was held,
with some interruptions, it is true, but with as much
regularity as the feebleness and poverty of tbe
settlers would permit, and with greater regularity
than in some new settlements in our own time.
Such records as there are frequently speak of the
school and the school-master, referring to the public
school and the ofl&cial school-master. We find efforts
to secure or improve school accommodations in 1642,
1647, 1652, 1656, and 1662.
While at the outset the affairs of the settlement
were regulated by the West India Company, subject
to the directions of the States-General, it was very
early that the people demanded tbe right to manage
their own affairs, and this right seems to have been
conceded as soon as they were capable of self-sub-
sistence and self-government. In 1647 the directoi's
and council, desirous "that the government at New
Amsterdam might continue and increase in good
order, justice, police, population, prosperity, and
mutual harmony, and be provided with strong forti-
fications, a church, a school,^ etc., authorized the
inhabitants to nominate eighteen of their best men
137
from whom tlie council would select nine, "as is the
custom in the Fatherland." Thus was constituted
the "Council of Nine" representing the people.
In 1649 serious difficulties arose between the
Council of Nine and the West India Company, in
consequence of which the former sent their president
to The Hague to lay their grievances before the
States-General. In their statement of grievances
they say "they desire that the school be provided
with at least two good school-masters, so that the
school be instructed and trained, not only in reading
and writing, but in the knowledge and fear of the
Lord."' The population had increased at this time
to 700 or 800 people. The request was complied
with, and in 1652 two school-masters were provided.
Frequent entries in the records show that the atten-
dance continually increased, and the school became
more and more substantial as the circumstances of
the settlers improved. As other settlements were
effected up the river, or on Long Island, we uni-
formly find that they were supplied with school-
masters."
I have been speaking of public schools and official
school-masters. But these were not the only early
schools at New Amsterdam. We know that prior to
1662 no less than ten persons, with the license of the
authorities, kept schools upon their own account. We
also know that the authorities of the town permitted
no private schools to be kept by any but masters ap-
proved by them.
In 1658 a movement was set on foot to secure a
school of academic grade, which soon resulted in a
1 "Albany Records," Vol. XVIII., pp. 19-20.
2 Broadhead, op. cit., p. 616.
138
Latin school, and drew pupils fi'om all the settlements
up the river, and even from as far south as Virginia.
Speaking of the arrival of the Latin master, Gov-
ernor Stuyvesant and the councU, in a letter to the
directors, say : " We hope and confide that the com-
munity shall reap great benefits from it for their chil-
dren, for which we pray that a bountiful God may
vouchsafe his blessing." Mr. Martin seems to make
much of the fact that the petition for the sending
over of a Latin master stated that there was no
Latin school nearer than Boston, but overlooks the
fact that there had previously been a Latin school
at New Amsterdam, and also the other fact that
there was no school at Plymouth and none but a
Latin school at Boston, and that it received only
a few of the brighter boys of the wealthier families
to prepare them for college and the ministry.
These early Dutch schools were supported out of
the common treasury. It is true that the colony was
aided in its school affairs, as in all its affairs, by the
West India Company, whose business and interest it
was to promote colonization; but it is equally true
that, aside from the assistance rendered for that
pui'pose, the schools ivere sustained out of the public
moneys of the colony.^ In 1652 New Amsterdam
was invested with municipal privileges, and in the
following year agi-eed to support a school-master
entirely at the expense of the city. When muni-
cipal privileges were gi-anted to outlying towns, the
grant of power embraced the authority to establish
schools;^ and when new villages were laid out it was
customary to reserve lots for public buildings, among
1 Dunshee, "School of the Collegiate Dutch Church," p. 32.
2 O'Callaghan, "Laws of New Netherland," pp. 476-480.
139
which the school-house was uniformly named/ In
1650 the secretary of the colony, in answer to the
complaint of the settlers, reported to the States-
General that "the youth are not in want of schools,
to the extent of the circumstances of the country."
Again he said, " 'T is true there is no Latin school or
academy. If the Commonalty require such they can
apply for it, and furnish the necessary funds." "
School-masters were included under the head of
"necessary officers" in the public documents of the
colony from the earliest period. The highest civil
law to which the colony was subject, from the time
it was founded, required that for the support of
schools "each householder and inhabitant should
bear such tax and public charge as should be con-
sidered proper for their maintenance."^ In many
instances the council took proceedings against per-
sons refusing to pay for the support of schools,
exacted payment, and punished the delinquents.''
NEW- YORK UNDER ENGLISH RULE.
It is therefore perfectly clear that it was the well-
settled policy at New Amsterdam to maintain free
elementary schools supported entirely by taxation,
and there is every reason to suppose that the same
would have continued to this time without interrup-
tion had not the government of old England, with
the help of New England, overthrown it. Deter-
mined upon a conquest of New Netherland, the
1 "New-York Colonial MSS.," Vol. VI., p. 106.
3 "New-York Colonial Documents," Vol. I., p. 424.
3 "New- York Colonial Dociunents," Vol. I., p. 112.
* Ibid., Vol. n., pp. 672-714, 720-730.
140
English government sent four war-vessels with
three companies of the king's veterans to accomplish
that end. This force first landed at Boston and
demanded mihtary assistance; then, sailing for New
Amsterdam, the fleet soon anchored at the entrance
of the harbor. Here it was joined by the New Eng-
land militia. In the presence of this formidable
force, and without help from the Fatherland, the
little Dutch settlement of less than 1500 people had
no recourse but submission.^
It is noticeable, however, that the Dutch condi-
tioned their capitulation upon pledges that they
should continue in the possession of their property,
the exercise of their religion, and their freedom as
citizens.
With the dominance of the English government
came the English educational theories and policy —
high schools for the few; no schools for the people.
There is no space here to treat of facts in detail.
With only a temporary interruption, the English
government exercised control over this territory
from 1664 down to the Revolution. No one can
show any act or any disposition on the part of that
government, during that century, to promote popular
education in New- York. The Dutch continued their
local schools as far as they could in the absence of
help from, and even against the opposition of, the
govenament.
The Dutch were dominant in the colonial legis-
lature much of this time, and on many occasions
attempted legislation in the interest of schools, only
to be met with the censure, or stopped by the veto of,
the English governor, who was the creature of the
1 Winsor's "Critical History o£ America," Vol. m., p. 391.
141
English crown. The colonial statutes of this hun-
dred years will be searched in vain for enactments
establishing or encouraging primary instruction,
although they will reveal two laws under which
Latin schools were established for brief periods in
the city of New-York. It is noticeable that these
two acts provided that the expense of these schools
should be met by a common tax or out of public
moneys. These were the acts of the General Assem-
bly, a majority of which were Dutch or of Dutch ex-
traction and sympathies. The first was objected to
by the governor and council until amended so as
to enable the latter to control the appointment and
action of teachers. The other only extended public
suppoi't to a Latin school which ah'eady existed.
The only educational act diu'ing the century of
English domination in the colony of New- York for
which the English government is eYititled to any
credit, is that establishing King's (now Columbia)
College. How much credit it deserves for this step
is pointedly stated in a letter from the governor to
the English government when a royal charter was
requested, wherein he says: "It therefore seems
highly requisite that a seminary on the principles
of the Church of England be distinguished in America
by particular privileges, not only on account of reli-
gion, but of good policy, to prevent the growth oj
republican principles, which ah-eady too much prevail
in the colonies."
SOME COMPABISONS.
It is submitted that it has been shown that our
common-school system — i. e., schools for the common
142
welfare and the public security, supported by public
moneys, managed by public officers, in which all the
people have common rights, and which are free from
whatever may offend conscience or abridge those
rights — originated with the Dutch rather than the
English, and first came from the old Netherlands
into the New Netherlands, and not from old England
into New England.
Having established so much, it only remains to
refer to the foregoing and make some comparisons
of facts that are too well authenticated to be disputed,
in order to see whether Mr. Martin's claim that as to
compulsory education, compulsory schools, compul-
sory certification of teachers, compulsory super-
vision, compulsory taxation, compulsory attendance,
"Massachusetts took each of these steps in advance
of the other States, a little in advance of her sister
States in New England, far in advance of all the
others," is justified.
1. Compulsory Education. — By this phrase Mr.
Martin must mean the compelling of individuals to
educate children under their care, without reference
to public schools. This is not the accepted meaning
of the phrase. It has been shown in this paper,
however, that even before there was any organized
government at New Amsterdam, and frequently
thereafter, injunctions and directions concerning this
matter, by authority and with all the force of law,
antedated any action whatever upon the subject
either in Massachusetts or on the part of the govern-
ment to which both of the colonies in that territory
owed allegiance.
2. Compulsory Schools. — By this he must mean
that the towns and villages were first compelled to
143
maintain schools in Massachusetts. The claim is not
sustained by the facts. Up to the time of the Eng-
lish conquest of New Amsterdam there was a com-
mon school, supported by public moneys, taught by
an official school-master, and open to all children, in
almost constant operation there. As other villages
were founded, other schools were opened. Certainly
a dozen private schools, taught by approved masters,
are known to have existed on Manhattan Island in
the mean time. During the first fifty years of the
history of the Plymouth Colony, although twelve vil-
lages had in the mean time been settled, there was
no school of any kind in the colony. Save Latin
schools, open to a few boys who were sons of the
comparatively wealthy, and who were preparing for
the ministry or for the public service, there were no
public schools in either of the Massachusetts colonies
for one hundred and fifty years after they were first
settled. It is idle to point to resolutions and talk
about compulsory schools, when there were no schools
for the common people.
3. Compulsory Certification of Teachers. — I am at a
loss to know what this phrase was intended to mean.
In any event there has never been any real and inde-
pendent certification of teachers in Massachusetts,
compulsory or otherwise. No one representing the
State can confer authority to teach in her schools, or
prevent a person from teaching. Even a normal-
school diploma has no legal value. In all the cities
and towns the power to certify and the power to em-
ploy teachers are lodged in the same hands. Men
who hold the double power, and desire to employ a
candidate, will be likely to decide that he is morally
sound and intellectually competent, in Massachusetts
144
as elsewhere. There is really no certifying of teachers,
in Massachusetts, as that term is understood in mod-
ern school administration. In this year 1892 there is
no more of it there in principle, and probably not so
much in practice, than there was at New Amster-
dam when Peter Stuyvesant was governor.
Any adequate system of certifying teachers must
be administered by professional authority, especially
chosen for that purpose, without the power of em-
ploying, and removed from local whims, interests,
and antagonisms. This is the plan upon which New-
York has been operating for eighty years. As early
as 1812 the law required towns to elect commissioners
who should manage the schools and employ teachers,
and also inspectors, who should have nothing to do
with employing, but who should examine and certify
teachers, and be paid for the service. Upon this
general plan there are difficulties enough. Without
it the certification of teachers is of small value, and
talk about the " compulsory cei'tification of teachers "
seems a play upon words.
In connection with the matter of qualifications of
teachers it may be of interest to add that New- York
commenced to appropriate money for training teach-
ers in 1827, while Massachusetts did not begin till
1839, and then only under the incentive of a private
offer of ten thousand dollars on condition that the
State would give a like amount.
4. Comjmlsory Supervision. — This phrase is also
misleading. There is no compulsory supervision of
schools in Massachusetts. No city or town is re-
quired by law to appoint a superintendent. Wher-
ever it is done it is voluntarily done, and may be
discontinued at any moment. Moreover, there has
145
been no supervision, compulsory, voluntary, or other-
wise, until comparatively recent years, and until the
trend of events west of the Berkshires made that
coiu'se necessary if Massachusetts was to keep in
sight of the procession.
In 1812, New- York created the office of State
Superintendent of Common Schools, with authority
to supervise. She has continued and constantly
strengthened the office ever since. Not till 1837 did
Massachusetts create a State Board of Education,
with authority to do what no one objects to. It may
collect statistics and report them to the Legislature.
It may appoint a secretary to keep its records and
deliver lectures to teachers and others, provided they
will " voluntarily assemble." It may hold a teachers'
institute, but not until "satisfied that fifty teachers
of public schools desii'e to unite in forming one."
But neither this Board nor any of its officers or
agents can remove an officer for maladministration,
or regulate the licensing of a teacher, or protect the
rights of a teacher, or drive a teacher from the ser-
vice for immorality or incompetency, or require an
unfit school-house to be replaced with a better, or
compel the local authorities to supply it with needed
furniture and appliances, or direct the levying of
taxes for school purposes, or do any other one of
the thousand things which experience has shown
to be necessary to healthful and vigorous school
administration.
As already observed, there is no compulsory local
supervision of schools in Massachusetts. What vol-
untary supervision there is came very slowly, al-
though it came in good form when it did come.
Town commissioners and town inspectors were
146
created in New- York in 1812. The latter were paid
officers with general supervisory powers. Even the
own committees of Massachusetts, which had not
such powers, were not provided for until 1826.
Supervision is not supervision at all unless it is by
professionals. Not until 1860 were cities and towns
authorized to appoint superintendents. They have
never been compelled to appoint them. In 1888 an
admirable provision for uniting towns under one
superintendent was introduced into the law. But
there is no feature of the whole system of super-
vising schools in the Bay State which was not set in
operation at an earlier date somewhere else.
5. Compulsory Taxation. — The only provision which
I can see in the law of Massachusetts concerning
taxation for school purposes, is that the towns shall
raise " such sums of money for the support of schools
as they judge necessary.''^ This is not very compulsory.
No general State tax is levied for schools. In New-
York, as early as 1795, the State commenced raising
$100,000 per year for distribution among the towns,
and required — not authorized — each town to raise
half as much by local taxation as its share amounted
to. It has continued to assert the same principle
ever since. The State school fund was established
in New- York in 1805 ; in Massachusetts in 1834.
The system in New-York is a State system. The
State decides what must be done. It compels the
great cities to help the weak towns, and it empowers
its State Department of Public Instruction to require
the laying of any local taxes necessaiy to supply
continuous and ample school facilities. I see nothing
of this kind in the educational laws of Massachusetts.
6. Compulsory Attendance. — In 1853, and again in
147
1874, New-York passed compulsory attendance laws.
Neither was effectual. Her educators are now ear-
nestly trying to secure a better. Massachusetts
passed her attendance act in 1873. It is claimed that
it is successfully administered. It pi'ovides for atten-
dance, for twenty weeks of each school year, by chil-
dren between eight and fourteen years. After a
somewhat extended inquiry I have found no instance
where such a law was successful unless it provided
that, within fixed ages, all children should attend
school at all times when public schools are in ses-
sion. Therefore, while compelled to doubt, I cannot
dispute the claim. The desu-e to find something
which may be conceded leads me, for the sake of
argument, to admit so much. But though Massa-
chusetts may have been more successful than her
sister States in compelling attendance upon the
schools, it is not true that she commenced earlier
than some others. It is quite possible that her cir-
cumstances have not been as difficult or troublesome
as others have encountered.
It thus appears that the six steps which Massa-
chusetts lays down as the distinguishing marks of
progress in the development of the public-school
system have not been taken by her " far in advance
of all the rest." By her own measure she is, in this
regard, under size. Her over-loyal sons have told
the story, so many times, in flowing and heroic
numbers, that her people believe it. And some
others do also. The facts are with New- York. All
she needs is the help of Massachusetts men to tell
the story.
Upon one or two occasions she has had that help.
In one of his lectm-es, Horace Mann, then secretary
148
of the Massachusetts State Board of Education, fell
into the common habit of his people when he said,
" There is not a single State in the Union whose
whole system is at all comparable to that of Massa-
chusetts." But when he saw it in cold type he drew
back and starred a foot-note, in which he said, "I
believe this statement to have been strictly true at
the time it was written (1841). But, in some re-
spects, it is no longer true. As it regards efficiency,
and the means of rapid improvement, to say no more,
the system of the State of New-York now takes prece-
dence of any in the Union." Then he pleaded for an
extension of the New- York plan to Massachusetts.
In his annual report to the State Board in 1845 he
said, " The great State of Neiv-York is carrying for-
ivard the tvork of public education more rapidly than
any other State in the Union, or any other country in the
tvorldJ" His manifest disposition to correct an error
and do justice to others should commend itself to the
present generation. If what he said was true fifty
years ago, it is none the less so now. Indeed, it
would not be difficult to point out the reasons which
make it more emphatically true now.
The fact is that the Massachusetts sentiment,
which leaves schools entirely to the support and
control of towns, no matter whether they are broad-
minded, well-to-do, and generous, or ignorant and
poor, is opposed to the best and enduring interests
of the school system. The American policy places
the support and management of schools not upon
the General Government, not upon counties or cities
or towns or districts, but upon the several States.
Towns have no original power of legislation or of
taxation ; States have. The experience of the world
149
must be carried to every comer of the commonwealth.
The strong must help the weak, not only in methods,
but also in means. States alone can secure this, for
it depends upon the intelligent and independent ex-
ercise of the great powers of legislation and taxation
which the States alone possess.
It may be said that this discussion is of no avail,
no matter what the facts are. Not so. The educa-
tional workers of no two States have more respect
for each other than those of Massachusetts and New-
York. None of this respect is likely to be lost.
Even more. We know what makes Massachusetts
great. " There is her history. The world knows it
by heart." And the world respects and honors it as
well. But there are other great States. And there
are things in their history which have made them
great. It is meet that they should possess what be-
longs to them. The deeds of the fathers are an in-
valuable heritage. The educational history of New-
York, from the very beginning, is full of great deeds,
of most broad-minded and far-reaching acts. She
has never been behind othei's. She has never had
the credit which is her due. The people of this great
State must know, and must have just pride in the
wise and heroic leadership of the fathers, that it may
be an incentive for the present and an inspii'ation in
the future.
DUTCH WEST INDIA COMPANY
MANUSCRIPTS.
T the September, 1892, meeting of the
Trustees, the Secretary of the Pennsyl-
vania Historical Society brought to their
attention that said Society had recently
come into possession of a number of old Dutch
manuscripts relating to the Dutch West India Com-
pany, which might be of interest to The Holland
Society. Thereupon the Trustees instructed our
Secretary to send Mr. D. Versteeg, who has pi-oved
himself a competent authority in the matter of an-
cient Dutch records, to inspect these documents, and
report the result of his investigation to the Trustees.
His report is as follows :
Mr. Theo. M. Banta, Secretary of The Holland Society
of New -York, New- York City.
Bear Sir: In compliance with your order to
examine certain documents relating to the Dutch
West India Company, and in the possession of the
Historical Society of Pennsylvania at Philadelphia,
I have the pleasure of making the following report.
151
The records contain about one thousand pages of
foolscap paper, and are not very complete. They
refer to the period between 1635 and 1663. The
minutes referring to the period between 1655 and
1663 have been better preserved than the rest, and
are full of matter of undoubted historical value,
though very little of it has any direct bearing upon
any part of the present United States.
They contain very much about the Company's
trade on the coast of Guinea (west coast of Africa) ;
about Brazil, which at the time (1654) had been lost
to the Dutch; some details about affairs in Dutch
Guiana and the Dutch West Indies. They also con-
tain the names of the bondholders of the Company
at various times, many of which names are also
found in New Netherland.
A very small number of pages only refers to dis-
tinctly American (U. S.) affairs, as may be seen from
the following list:
I. Form of oath taken by Jan De Decker, councilor for
New Netherland, December 24, 1657. Also notice of con-
tract between Amsterdam and the Company about the
settling of colonists in New Netherland, dated August
14, 1656. (One page.)
II. Petition of Portuguese Jews to the Directors in Hol-
land, requesting freedom of trade with, and leave to live in,
New Netherland, January, 1655. (Two pages.)
III. Letter to Governor Stuy vesant ordering him to retake
the former Dutch possessions on the Delaware, November
16, 1654. (Three pages.)
IV. Articles of capitulation between Governor Rysingh
and Governor Stuyvesant, November 7, 1655, and other
matters pertaining thereto. (Five pages.)
V. Summary of letter written by Stuyvesant to Company,
April 25, 1655. Summary of letter written by Company to
Stuyvesant, April 26, 1655. (Four pages.)
VI. Minutes containing extracts and copies of documents
in regard to claims of Lord Baltimore upon Dutch settle-
ments on the Delaware River, August 31, 1660. (Sevenpages.)
VII. More about Baltimore's claims, August 31, Septem-
ber 1 and 6, 1660. (Two pages.)
152
VIII. About encroachments of N. E. people on New
Netherlaud, September 6 and 14, 1660. (Three pages.)
IX. Letter about salary owing to employees of Company,
November 26, 1626. (One page.)
X. Extract from letter dated June 12, 1655, about official
trip by Stuyvesant to Cura^oa. (Four pages.)
XI. From among eleven documents, all under the same
cover, three have been abstracted which contained matter
of the greatest interest for the history of New Netherland,
and whose titles were marked with blue pencil on the index
written on the face of the cover.
They were entered as follows :
Two documents showing when sentences pronounced in
New Netherland and in BrazU may be appealed to and
revised by the proper authorities in Netherland, 1653
and 1657.
Four extracts of a letter about the efforts of the Enghsh
inhabitants of Long Island to be freed from their allegi-
ance to the Netherland government, and to become sub-
jects of England, 1657.
Eleven notes of Hans Bontemantel, Schepen (Councilor) at
Amsterdam and Director of the West India Company,
about journeys taken in his latter capacity, especially in
regard to the clearance of the vessels of said Company,
advanced moneys, etc., etc., 1652-1655.
XII. Deliberations on religious affairs in New Nether-
land, back salary of Rev. Polhemus, etc., August 25, 1659.
(One page.)
XIII. Resolutions about ships coming from Virginia,
September 3, 1659. (One page.)
In all 34 pages.
The reason so little is said about New Netherland
lies in the fact that this province was under the
direct authority of the Amsterdam Chamber, and
consequently the general body had little to do
with it. Respectfully submitted,
Phila., Pa., Oct. 31, 1892. D. VeKSTEEG.
£^^W) A"Hual \)[\mtv of
Ojf poHanb ^otitt)) of H^iiJ Yo^'^^
Ron. Sugustus Van UJyck, President.
1885
^^
1893
WILLtAM THE SILENT.
at the
rOanhattan
Athletic Club
Building,
45th St. and niadison Ave.
January 17, 1893.
PETER BOR.
JOHN OF BARNEVELT
Bpiisfeaart.
" 0et sm:ikelijk !
Oesters op de halve schaal.
Hooge Barsac wijn, Calvet & Co.
jgoepen.
Rivierkreeften Soep.
Soep in Renaissaneen slijl.
Sherry wijn van Pasto.
9^iischotelje5.
Paukenvormpjes in Valliere stijl en andere zijschoteljes.
Visch.
Sehelvisehjes van Ponipano Joinville.
Aardappelen in Hollandschen stijl — Komkommers.
(©ekruide ^erechten.
BOERHAAVE.
Prikkelende malsehe Ossen sehijf vetgeniaakt in Godardschen stijl.
Chateau Grand Puy, Lacoste D. V.
Duchene Appelen — Brusselsehe Spruitjes.
"V^ oo rge rec h te n .
Gevulde Kipvleugels in Toulousehen stijl.
Bizondere Perrier Jouet, G. H. Mumm, E. D.
Doperwten in Engelschen stijl.
Kalfspasteien.
Sorbet, van het Vaderland.
(oebraad.
Roodkoppen Eendvogels.
Kruisbessengelei — I_atuw salade.
9^oete (^erechten.
Perziken in Richelieu stijl.
Ijs (Nederlandsche Hoeden).
Ruinart Brut.
Perrier Jouet Reserve.
(oemonteerde jQtukken.
Gouverneur Stuyvesant— Nieuw Amsterdam.
Het schip Halve Maan.
X^agerecht.
Koekjes en Gebak, Mottos, Vruehten, Kaasenz.
[Ijikeuren.
;]^offie.
^ijpen en (gjabak.
Jgigaren.
JOHN OE WITT.
]Eieil=X)ronfeett.
Xntroductory.
By Judge Augustus Van Wyck, the President of the Holland Society.
_^merican Institutions : tl^eir excellerice is traceable to Dutcl) ori-
g'"?^'^' Response by Hon. Thomas F. Bayard, of Delaware.
I^ieuw Amsterdam and Xlew-York: "Just as tlje twig is
ber)l tlje tree 's iqcliried."
Response by Frank R. Lawrence, Esq., of New-York.
President of the Lotos Club.
;E^0lland: a lessoij to oppressors, aij example to tlje oppressed, apd a
saijctuarj for tl)e rigFits of njaijkiijd,
Response by Rev. Dr. Geo. R. van de Water, of New- York.
VAN MARNIX.
Dutch ^Eiospitality: it made Dutchnjeij of tlje Hugueijot, tl^e Wallooij
aijd tlje Jew; traijsplaijted to Anjerica, it l)as n^oulded tl)e immigraijt
iijto i\)t loyal Americar).
Response by Hon. Warner Miller, of New-York.
^he Integrity of Butch Officials: "No great ricljes are seeri to etjter by public paynjeijts
iijlo private purses, but all public morieys are applied to tlje lawful
uses of tlje State," SitWmiamTempIe. the Ambassador of CharlesH. at The Hague.
Response by Hon. Chauncey M. Depew, of New-York.
;She Dutch Settlers between the X^orth and South
)I^ivers: tl)e establisliers of Jersey justice.
Response by Rev. Dr. William Rankin Duryee,
of Rutgers College, New Jersey.
VAN THOMP.
DE RUYTER
Cfommissie tot regeling van den (Daalti.id.
0ugene V^" ^chaick.
C[has. J^. '\7'anderhoof.
^ames (j(^m. ^eekman.
iglunis (^. ;i3ergen.
(geo. 0J. "V^an ^I^oesen,
(Chairman.
EIGHTH ANNUAL DINNER OF
THE HOLLAND SOCIETY OF NEW- YORK.
HE Eighth Annual Dinner of The Hol-
land Society of New- York was sei-ved in
the theater of the Manhattan Athletic
Club, on the corner of Madison Avenue
and Forty-fifth street, New- York, on the evening of
Tuesday, January 17, 1893.
The Dinner Committee consisted of Hon. George
M. Van Hoesen, Chairman ; Eugene Van Schaick,
Charles A. Vanderhoof , Teunis G. Bergen, and James
W. Beekmau.
About 320 members and guests sat down to din-
ner. At the table with the President, Hon. Augus-
tus Van Wyck, were the following named invited
guests of the Society, and other gentlemen, members
of the Society : Hon. Thos. F. Bayard, Rev. Dr. G.
R. Vandewater, Hon. Warner Miller, Rev. Dr. W. R.
Duryee, John Sloane, Hon. Danl. G. Rollins, Wm.
Lane Booker, Consul-General Planten, Judge Truax,
Judge Dugro, Geo. M. Van Hoesen, Judge Book-
staver, Ellis H. Roberts, Warner Van Norden, Gar-
rett A. Van Allen, John W. Vrooman, Geo. M.
154
Vandeventer, Rev. Dr. T. A. Nelson, Robert A. Van
Wyck, Geo. W. Carr, M. Page, John C. Hertle.
At table A were Franklin Acker, W. H. Amer-
man, Chas. E. Baldwin, Theo. M. Banta, R. J. Berry,
Moses J. De Witt, Elijah Dubois, O. M. Dunham,
Alexander Geddes, Frank Hall, H. B. Hubbard, S.
M. Hubbard, T. S. Hubbard, D. L. Jacobus, Geo.
N. James, Isaac Meyer, Hyman Roosa, Augustus
Schoonmaker, A. O. Schoonmaker, F. W. Schoon-
maker, J. S. Schoonmaker, S. L. Schoonmaker, W.
Scott Sims, Wilton Merle Smith, C. Edgar Sutphen,
H. S. Sutphen, I. H. Sutphen, Dr. T. Y. Sutphen, Wm.
C. Van Antwerp, Fred. T. Van Bem-en, Henry S.
Van Beuren, J. G. Van Horn, Jacob T. Van Wyck,
Fred. P. Voorhees, George H. Wyckoff.
At table B were Fred. C. Bayles, Robert Bayles,
Tennis G. Bergen, Chas. E. Bogert, William L.
Brower, C. C. Christie, C. H. Clayton, Isaac C. deBe-
voise, Geo. G. De Witt, Jerome V. De Witt, John E.
De Witt, W. W. Gillen, A. B. Gray, Wm. E. Howell,
E. Covert Hulst, E. T. Hulst, John V. Jewel, Judge H.
A. Moore, John Oakey, A. J. Onderdonk, A. J. Onder-
donk, Jr., T. W. Onderdonk, John J. Perkins, John
H. Prall, John V. B. Roome, Francis Skillman, Ed-
win Stagg, M. B. Streeter, Edward N. Tailer, John
E. Van Nostrand, T. C. Van Santvoord, Col. C. M.
Van Slyck, George W. Van Slyck, William H. Van
Slyck, John R. Van Wormer, F. Egerton Webb, H. V.
Williamson, Peter Wyckoff, Jas. D. Wynkoop.
At table C were Edward Barnes, Henry M. T.
Beekman, John Brower, R. B. Brinckerhoflf, Judge
Dixon, Alex. R. Gulick, Dr. A. R. Gulick, Dr. C. R.
Gulick, E. S. Gulick, John Hammond, Nelson M.
Henry, John H. Hopper, Robert I. Hopper, Dr. Inglis,
155
William Jay Ives, Otis LeRoy, George Montague,
Frank J. Patton, John Quackenbush, W. E. Pearson,
Henry L. Riker, Augustus H. Reeve, John J. Riker,
John L. Riker, William J. Riker, Thos. P. Sherwood,
Henry Traphagen, F. I. Vander Beek, F. I. Vander
Beek, Jr., I. J. Vander Beek, Isaac P. Vander Beek,
Frank F, Vanderveer, John R. Vanderveer, Lawrence
Vanderveer, T. C. Vanderveer, D. P, Vanderventer, D.
P. Vanderventer, Jr., Geo. W. Van Sicleu, James M.
Van Valen, Peter L.Voorhees, C. T. Williamson, Wm.
Alex. Williamson.
At table D were Delavan Bloodgood, A. G. Bo-
gert, A. T. Clearwater, Jacob W. Clute, W. E. Con-
nor, Alfred de Cordova, Dr. Dubois, Chas. C. Goffe,
Joseph C. Hoagland, Raymond Hoagland, D. H.
Houghtaling, John H. Inman, Saml. D. Koykendall,
Smith E. Lane, Dr. J. B. W. Lansing, David Marsh,
Andrew G. Myers, Alfred H. Porter, Jr., C. H. Roose-
velt, Hon. R. B. Roosevelt, J. Maus Schermerhorn,
C. C. Schuyler, M. R. Schuyler, Saml. Spencer, Henry
T. Staats, John H. Starin, John L. Swits, Dr. Tryon,
Evert P. Van Epps, J. D. Van Hoeveuberg, Eugene
Van Loan, Thomas Van Loan, Peter Van Voorhees,
Eugene Van Schaick, Wm. Van Wyek, Henry C. Van
Zandt, Westervelt D. Veeder, Harman W. Veedei*, A.
A. Voorhees, Judah B. Voorhees, Peter L. Voorhees,
John R. Voorhis, Ten Eyck Wendell, A. J. Whitbeck.
At table E were Ed. J. Bergen, Arthur F. Bowen,
John P. Berry, Arthur Burtis, Chas. C. Bullock, F.
W. Devoe, P. Q. Eckerson, R. M. Gallaway, J. G.
Gardiner, Jos. H. Hortou, G. L. Mc Alpine, M. J.
McGrath, Geo. A. Meyer, Geo. E. Nostrand, J. Lott
Nostrand, J. Seaver Page, A. F. Pentz, Wm. S. Pyle,
C. C. Quakenbush, W. P. Richardson, Jos. W. Rus-
156
sell, N. Pendleton Sclienck, Wm. Harris Slingerland,
P. J. Stuy vesant, James Suydam, Lambert Suydam,
J. E. Thompson, W. J. Van Arsdale, L. 0. Van Doren,
Wynford Van Gaasbeck, Herbert Van Wagenen, J.
R. Van Wagenen, Jacob Van Woert, John B. Van
Woert, John V. Van Woert, William Van Woert,
Jacob S. Van Wyck, Saml. L. Van Wyck, W. E. Ver-
planck, Fred. C. Wagner, Wm. E. Wyatt.
At table F were John B. Adriance, Chas. D. H.
Bi'ower, J. V. Carpender, Andi'ew Deyo, Jacob Deyo,
Jerome V. Deyo, I. Brooks Dill, J. B. Dickson, S. L. F.
Deyo, E. J. Elting, Edward Ellsworth, Irving Elting
Jesse L. Eddy, Jacob Elting, Jesse Elting, P. J. Elting,
Ferdinand Hasbrouck, Frank Hasbrouck, Gr. W. Has-
brouck, Isaac E. Hasbrouck, J. C. Hasbrouck, Oscar
Hasbrouck, E. E. Hitchcock, Wm. L. Heermance,
Henry Keteltas, G. E. Montanye, Lewis P. Montanye,
W. H. Montanye, J. W. Poucher, W. H. Sheldon, Lu-
cas L. Van Allen, Arthur Van Siclen, P. L. Van Wag-
enen, Chas. Van Winkle, Edgar B, Van Winkle, J.
Albert Van Winkle, J. Leonard Varick, Chas. H.
Voorhees, Fred. P. Voorhees, Saml. C. Waring, Wm,
H. Young,
At table G were John Banta, Wynant W. Ben-
nett, Tunis H. Bergen, John F. Berry, Andrew D,
Bogert, John G, Bogert, Chas. E. Conover, J, L. Con-
over, Stacy P. Conover, John Cowerhoven, Dr. C. J.
Dumond, H. H. Everett, Frank Hall, J. J. Holmes,
H. H. Longstreet, M. deM. Marsellus, Adi-ian Meserole,
Walter M. Meserole, Rev. Ed. M. McGuffy, C. A.
Parsons, A. S. Pitt, Augustus Rapelye, Williamson
Rapelje, John J. Schoonmaker, John C. Schenck,
Charles Van Brunt, Holmes Van Brunt, John W.
Van Hoesen, Townsend 0. Van Pelt, C. C. Van Rey-
157
pea, Or. D. Van Reypen, A. V. B. Voorhees, A. V. B.
Voorliees, Jr., John A. Voorhees, John S. Voorhees,
P. A. Vredenbergh, F. M. Vermilye, C. Y. Wemple.
MENU.
Hultres Mignonnes
Hadt Baksac. Calvet & Co.
POTAGES
Bisque d'flcrevisses VraoDEPASio Shebbt
Consomm^ Renaissance
HORS-D'CEXJVRES
Petites Timbales k la Vallifere
Varies Varies
POISSON
Paupiette de Pompano Joinville
FommeB HoUandaise Concombres
RELEVE
Chateau
Filet de Boenf piqu6 k la Godard Grand Put la Coste
Pommea de terre Duchesse Choux de Brussels
ENTREES
Peebier Jouet
Ailes de poulet farcies Toulouse reserve
Petite poia i ranglaise
MUMM'B
Vol- au-Vent de Ris-de-Veau Grand Sec
SORBET
De la Patrie
ROTI
Canard k tete Rouge Pommard
Qel6e de groseiUe Salade de Laitues
ENTREMETS SUCRE
Peches a la Richelieu Ruinard Bbut
GLACES en chapeau Netherlandais
PiSees Monties Pbbbieb Jouet Special
Le (J^n^ral P. Stuyvesant New Amsterdam
I Le Bateau Demi-lune
Petits Fours Mottoes
Fromage, Fruits et Dessert
Caf 6 LIQUEUBS BT ClOABES
158
When tte Gouda pipes had been distributed, and
smoking had begun, the President rapped for order
with the historic gavel presented by Consul-General
Plan ten, and addressed the assemblage as follows :
ADDEESS OF WELCOME
BY HON. AUGUSTUS VAN WYCK.
Netv Netherlanders :
N your name I extend most cordial greet-
ings of welcome to the distinguished and
honored guests of the evening. Members
of The Holland Society, I salute you as
brethren, bound together by the tie of a common
ancestry, and I congratulate you upon the brilliancy
of this magnificent occasion. It indicates the perma-
nent vitality of this society, composed of the Ameri-
can descendants, in the male line, of the peerless
pioneers in the cause of civil liberty, and the match-
less advocates of the freedom of conscience, whose
heroic deeds and trenchant logic have done so much
to shape and mold the history of the world, from the
trying and turbulent times of " William the Silent "
to the stormless period of peace and good-will from
man to man prevailing in our almost Utopian repub-
lic. Among you, their descendants, I recognize those
renowned in the service of the only King to whom
the loyal sons of a republic can ever owe allegiance,
160
the omniscient Ruler of the external empire of peace ;
those eminent in the learned professions ; those dis-
tinguished in the service, civil and miHtary, of the
country; in the councils of the nation, state, and
municipality; princes of finance, commerce, and the
varied mercantile and industrial undertakings of our
happy and prosperous land. Such a citizenship gives
energy to enterprise, vigor and cheerfulness to in-
dustry, and Hfe and elasticity to patriotism.
The other evening I heard a conversation between
a number of cultivated gentlemen, members of either
The Holland or the New England or the St. Nicholas
society. One of them made a declaration, to which
the others assented, that the only purpose of such
societies was to foolishly boast of one's ancestors at
an annual eating and drinking frolic. I then and
there combated, to their satisfaction, the thoughtless
statement; and it may not be without its advantages
for me to antagonize here, in a few serious words, an
idea which, if at all prevalent, would be most injuri-
ous to our institution.
There is a valid reason for the existence of this
society, which imposed upon you the duty of creat-
ing and maintaining it. Love of home, esteem for
parents, and utilization of their experiences consti-
tute a radiant trinity which gives strength and life
to such societies. The simple word " home " brings
to mind and heart the dearest and most sacred inter-
ests of life. There is the home of childhood, with its
light-hearted memories, tenderness, and love. There
is the home of manhood, with one nearer and dearer
than all others ; a home hallowed with joys, and per-
haps sorrows, and there the heart instinctively tm-ns
for rest and peace of mind.
161
Home is not the mere dwelling, for many a palace
is not. Home is where the heart is, be it at the poor
man's fireside, or in the grand edifice of the rich.
Home, sweet home, stimulates that laudable respect
for parents which induces worthy sons to avail them-
selves of the best experience of noble sires. While
the fundamental sentiment, a composite of love of
home, esteem for parents and pride in their commend-
able deeds, which is creative of such societies, tends
to make, in the eye of a dutiful son, the vacant
chamber in which mother once was wont to sleep, a
sanctuary ; the empty chair in which father once was
accustomed to sit, an altar ; and to stamp upon his
vision the image of devoted parents — yet it also im-
presses upon his memory the good and just deeds
and thoughts of his parents and forefathers, and ever
urges him onward and upward in the faithful dis-
charge of his mission in the economy of life.
To this sentiment are largely due the preservation,
utilization, and augmentation by the living of the
best acts and ideas of past and passing generations,
sanctified by a healthy devotion to home and parents
and their sweet memories. This brings to the living
all the experiences of the past, to be by them added
to and transmitted to the coming generation, to be
by the latter, in turn, further enlarged and again
transmitted, and so on to the end of time, unless
the tide of our boasted progress shall be backward
turned.
This sentiment is not the spirit of idle pride, for
without it the world would be a hopeless waste in-
stead of an ever-rising tower of brightness and glory.
He who attributes the birth and life of such societies
to vanity, self-glorification, and the gratification of
162
appetite has not the faintest conception of either the
law or potent purpose of their creation. In the broad
spirit of a still higher advancement of our race, let
me remind you that you belong to a gi-eat institu-
tion, which it is your bounden duty to build up to
magnificent proportions. You all should combine
and labor to increase its strength and influence. I
appeal to each of you to lend your best efforts to
bring within its fold every worthy and qualified child
of the American Hollander, in order that he may
trace the footsteps of his Dutch ancestors along the
line of progress to the highest plane of civilization,
which is well studded with precious gems of Dutch
thoughts and bright jewels of Dutch deeds, in which
he may justly feel a pride, for they will be found to
be both ornamental and useful.
Duty delayed is duty neglected. Commence at
once the task, and in your own household. Teach
your son duty as well as pleasure, invite him to en-
ter the portals of our Society and wear its badge, a
token of honor and standing to be highly prized by
the worthy elect. Ask yoiu" brother to take his posi-
tion by your side in our home. Bequest your Knick-
erbocker kinsman to enroll himself in our army.
Much more could I say on this subject, but we all
are anxious to hear the noted, learned, and charming
orators who grace our festive board.
Gentlemen, there is a gentleman, not present here
to-night, who has lately placed the Hollanders of
America under an everlasting debt of gratitude, in
tracing the elements and features of the American
institutions which are of Dutch origin, and reducing
them to book form, well backed by authorities which
163
sustain his propositions. We should have been de-
lighted to hear his voice, but instead, I will have read
to you by the Secretary of this Society a letter
from Douglas Campbell.
Secretary Banta then read the following letter :
Schenectady, Jan. 10, 1893.
Hon. Geokge M. Van Hoesen.
My dear Sir : I feel greatly obliged for your kind
invitation to attend the dinner of The Holland Soci-
ety on the 17th inst. Unfortunately I cannot accept
it, on account of physical infii'mities which for sev-
eral years have kept me a prisoner in the house.
During those years I have endeavored to show my
appreciation of Holland and her people by working
at a book, which, much to my gratification, I have
been able to complete and give to the public. My
good wishes for the descendants of the men from
the great Netherland Eepublic who came to America,
must be taken as a substitute for my presence at
your gathering. But, while joining with you in
words of congratulation and in eulogy of the deeds
of your forefathers, I have a word to say to the pres-
ent generation, which I hope will be taken in a
friendly spirit. You have a large, influential, and
wealthy society, and you celebrate your eighth anni-
versary. May I ask whether you should not do
something to record in permanent form your appreci-
ation of the noble work done for the Western people
by the men from whom you are descended ? Is it
enough to assemble annually at a banquet and listen
to eloquent speeches, while you allow others to write
American history, and to erect all the monuments
and statues which perpetuate the deeds of their an-
cestors ?
Some three years ago my college classmate, the
Hon. Samuel B. Thayer, our scholarly representative
164
at The Hague, proposed the erection at Delftshaven
of a monument to commemorate the sailing of the
Pilgrim Fathers from that port. This monument, I
think, will come in time, but perhaps the suggestion
has been made too early. Your Society certainly has
not responded to it, and you are aware how it has
been received by the New Euglanders. Despite all
evidence to the contrary, they are unwilling to ac-
knowledge any indebtedness to Holland, and so far as
I can learn have to this project turned a deaf ear,
when the question of money contribution is con-
cerned. Possibly the site of such a monument is too
far away to excite popular enthusiasm, but I have
the suggestion of something nearer home, which, it
seems to me, should meet your favor.
Although a New-Yorker, with a century and a
half of New- York ancestry behind me, I have not a
drop of Dutch blood in my veins, but being a New-
Yorker, I have always been jealous of its fame, and
have felt that the founders of my native State have
never received due acknowledgment from the hands
of American historians, or even from their own de-
scendants. I walk through Central Park, which is
becoming our Westminster Abbey, and what do I
behold ? I see a beautiful statue of a Pilgrim erected
by New Englanders. Englishmen erect a statue to
Shakspere. Men of my ancestry erect one to Sir
Walter Scott, who discovered Scotland for the mod-
ern world. Germany gives us a likeness of Goethe,
the father of modern German thought; even the
Italians commemorate one of theu* heroes.
But I look in vain for a Holland statue. Why is
this? Why among the statues of the men whose
representations have given greatness to our Empire
State is there nothing to show what we and the
world at large owe to the great Netherland Republic I
This is the practical question which I submit to your
consideration. The great republic of three centuries
ago now lives only in history, but it has handed on
165
the torch to a greater republic on this side of the
Atlantic.
Now if you ask me what I would suggest, I say
without hesitation — a statue of William the Si-
lent. No man better deserves a memorial in Central
Park. He was the gi-andest hero among many illus-
trious worthies who founded the Netherland Re-
public,— the colonizer of New- York. He has an
additional claim to the recognition of Americans
everywhere. It may almost be said that what John
Winthrop was to Massachusetts, Thomas Hooker to
Connecticut, Roger Williams to Rhode Island,
Lord Baltimore to Maryland, and William Penn to
Pennsylvania, William the Silent was to aU the
American colonies. He was the originator of the
Union of Utrecht of 1579, the first written consti-
tution of the modern world, the constitution which
has been largely copied by the United States. He
di-ew the " Declaration of Independence " of 1581, by
which the revolutionary Netherland States abjtu'ed
their allegiance to the King of Spain, the insti'ument
which Englishmen followed when a century later
they did away with the " House of Stuart," and which
after another centiu-y formed the world-famous
" Declaration" by which the American colonies pro-
claimed their independence of Great Britain. In
addition, he was the father of that religious toler-
ation which was the gi-eatest glory of the Nether-
land Republic, and which, expanding here into
religious freedom, is the crowning honor of the
United States. Besides all this, he represents a na-
tion which gave to America her system of free
schools, her system of recording deeds and mort-
gages, her district attorneys, her hospitals and
enlightened prisons, and many of the other insti-
tutions in which we feel just pride.
Such a man, representing such a nation, deserves
from Americans a statue to his memory. Can a
fitter place be found than in Central Park, and can
166
your Society devote itself to a wortliier object than
the erection of such a statue? Here I believe you
will find a field in which all New-Yorkers will be
sympathetic. Yours very sincerely,
Douglas Campbell.
[While this volume was passing through the press,
the "physical infirmities" to which Mr. Campbell
alludes terminated in his death, March 7, 1893, in the
fifty -third year of his age.]
Mr. Hasbrouck: Mr. President, pursuant to the
suggestion of Douglas Campbell, I move that it be
conveyed to the committee that has for several years
been charged with the erection of a statue to the
typical Dutchman that it is the sense of this meet-
ing that no more typical Dutchman can be found
than William the Silent, and that it be respectfully
suggested that they report at an early date to the
Society that a statue be erected to William the
Silent.
This motion was put by the President and unani-
mously carried.
The following letter was also received:
State of New- York, Executive Chamber, Albany.
Governor Flower presents his compliments to
The Holland Society, and regrets that engagements
already made for that time will deprive him of the
pleasure of accepting its kind invitation for Tuesday
evening, January seventeenth.
167
The President: The first toast is, "American
Institutions: their excellence is traceable to Dutch
originals." The feature of this toast is the heredita-
ment of Dutch excellence. How fitting that it should
be responded to by one of our own distinguished
members, whose length and character of public ser-
vice has marked him as one of the greatest of Ameri-
can statesmen; across whose public record America
has indorsed indelibly the words "Fearless and
Stainless"; its representative of the family of the
Chevalier Bayard, whose motto was sans peiir et sans
reproche. Permit me to introduce to you the Hon.
Thomas F. Bayard.
ADDRESS OF HON. THOMAS F. BAYARD.
Mr. President, and you, my brethren of The Holland
Society :
WO or three years ago it was my good
fortune to be present at one of the
annual banquets of The Holland Society,
and I remember well the impression
made upon me by the suspension of a sword before
the president. It is true that flowers sustained it,
but it was a sword, and I thought we had borrowed
the legend of the good old State of Massachu-
setts,— sub ense petit placidam, — for certainly we
found peace and plenty underneath its shadow.
But it was the sword of William the Silent, and,
we might gather, the lesson to be taught by its
presence was that of taciturnity. It should have
been, if not the end of speech-making, at least a
shortener of speeches, — a consummation devoutly
to be wished. But if it cannot be completely suc-
cessful on this occasion, I shall endeavor at least to
make, in the name of William the Silent, the speech
a short one.
William the Silent was called "Our Good Father
William"; and another name brought him nearer to
THOMAS F. BAYARD.
169
American hearts: he was called "The Dutch "Wash-
ington"; and it seems that in the characters and
service of these two great men, one of whom died,
so far as flesh dies, two hundred years before the
other, that it is not a fanciful resemblance between
the Dutch Washington and the American Washing-
ton. Both were cast in the same mold of character,
and they certainly devoted their lives and all their
faculties to the same end, which was the establish-
ment of government upon the basis of individual
freedom — an idea, a truth that, once liberated, can
never again be imprisoned; and the effect of ex-
ample, tradition, legend in the formation of the
institutions of a nation are plainly traceable on the
face of history.
Ten centuries ago the men of the Netherlands,
inhabiting a country at that time the least attractive
of all of Western Europe, began to exhibit the results
that come to a whole people from the presence of
individual liberty. They had been compelled to
struggle with a poor, scanty, ungenerous soil, and
to fight their way against the element that covers
three fourths of the surface of the globe, to wring
by close labor a scanty subsistence in the very face
of the ocean itself, and
amidst the watery roar,
Scoop out an empire and usurp a shore.
And may I not here ask you to consider what
is the starting-point of liberty, and what are the
conditions upon which liberty shall be preserved;
whether it is not born of adversity, and whether it
is not generated by the very forces that seem to
threaten its existence and perpetuation; whether it
170
does not gain strength by the very law of its living,
which is contest and exertion; whether liberty never
ceases to grow until it ceases to contest, and that the
cessation of the contest marks the period of wither-
ing and decay? Is it not certain that when a man
strips himself for a contest, if it be physical, he asks
that his limbs may be unfettered, and when it is a
contest of the mind he asks that the mind may soar
freely in any direction that the object for which he
contests demands?
If it be true, therefore, of a man, it is true of a
people, that to accomplish any great object they
must have their faculties of mind and body unfet-
tered. As Wordsworth sang, they "must be fi-ee
or die." And therefore it is that, in considering
what it is that enables us to meet in peace here to-
night,— and lets me speak as freely as I will, — I ask,
What is it? And what was the principle that was
proclaimed so many centuries ago but the absolute
freedom of mind, of soul, of body in the people who
have a great object to accomplish ?
So I say that when liberty ends its growth, its
period of expansion, it has touched the period of
decay and demolition.
The Dutch people were of Celtic origin. They
were the Belgse, the only people of western Europe
that, in the rough country that contained their
homes, resisted the invasion of Csesar, and theirs was
the only region in which the Roman eagles were never
planted by conquest. Those men, so remote in time,
whose blood has been ti'ansmitted to men now sit-
ting within these walls, had once tasted liberty; and
who that ever tasted of that divine draught could
stoop to a meaner, poorer solace and enjoyment?
171
The founders of the Netherlands were
Rough, poor, content, ungovernably bold.
War in each breast and freedom on each brow.
Ten centuries ago the Dutch towns, gradually free-
ing themselves from imperial control, became the
sanctuaries and the barriers against force and tyr-
anny. Independence grew under municipal institu-
tions. The title of Margrave came in, — the defender
of a district, — and this was local self-government.
It was established, and independence under the
Dutch took a municipal shape. The roll of inde-
pendent Dutch towns is a roll of historic honor,
and every name is associated with courageous de-
fense of home, of conscience, of personal rights, and
of freedom. Listen to them — Antwerp and Leyden ;
Brussels and Haarlem; Utrecht and Gfhent; Ostend
and The Hague. These were chief among the many
municipalities that founded the United Provinces.
They made a union at Utrecht in 1579, and a Decla-
ration of Independence two years later, and after
forty long years of struggle they made that decla-
ration a success.
History does not narrate a more desperate strug-
gle against apparently overwhelming odds than that
which these plain people, each man fighting for his
conscience, waged against the truculent, bigoted,
narrow-minded oppression of their Spanish rulers.
They freed themselves from the galling yoke of
religious bigotry and foreign domination. Well
may Americans — and of all Americans those who
claim descent through a Dutch ancestry — dwell
with pride and gratitude upon the principles they
laid down, and upon the institutions which they
172
founded and of which we to-day are the happy
inheritors. And can you not see in their inde-
pendence, achieved nearly three centuries ago, the
prototype of American independence, gained two
centuries after, and founded upon the same principles
for which those men who had gone to their graves
had bravely and successfully fought ?
It seems to me that that country, more water than
land, was the very anvil upon which civil and reli-
gious liberty in Europe was beaten out with heat
and hard strokes, and that it bore the brunt of those
struggles which eventuated in the acceptance of
doctrines that enable us to meet, free and self-re-
specting men, to-night.
The oppression of the Spanish rulers was not con-
fined to the extortion of property from these men,
but it assailed as well their rights of conscience, and
the freedom that they sought for their homes and
bodies they sought for their souls, and so Holland
became, and was glorified in becoming, the asylum
for conscience persecuted and oppressed everywhere
else in Europe. To Holland flocked the oppressed
of every nation. The Frenchmen of the Reformed
religion found there their safety, and from Eng-
land came the exile for conscience' sake, fleeing
from persecution to a haven of religious and civil
liberty.
All the independent elements of religious and polit-
ical thought were received in Holland, and history
tells us that the essential principles of largest tolera-
tion and of equality had been established in Holland
in 1572, before the coming of the English exiles. The
Dutch had struggled for centuries against the sea.
That mighty element had been their constant adver-
173
saiy, and it became their friend and their instructor.
It taught them self-reliance, courage, and the uses
of scientific study. All these were needed, and the
logical law of demand and supply was vindicated.
They became, by dint of their necessities, not simply
the first of civil engineers, — for that was necessary to
pi'otect their land from deluge, — but they became the
lords of the sea, and led the van of commercial dis-
covery in the world. They grew intimate with the
ocean ; they learned its mysteries ; to them were im-
parted its laws; and it was this knowledge, so gained
by struggle, that became their salvation against op-
pression. Against the overwhelming land forces of
Spain there scarcely was a gleam of hope; but, gather-
ing from the ocean that threatened them a knowledge
of how to master it, they left the land and went on
the sea, and to the plain Dutchman was handed over
the spoils of Spanish conquest in America. They
took Spain by the throat on the high seas; they
captured her galleons, laden with gold and silver of
America, and gained their independence and their
liberties by their mastery of an element which
at one time seemed to threaten theii* destruction.
Forty years they battled against fearful odds, and
they conquered and compelled the recognition of
their independence — the independence of the Dutch
Republic. With peace so glorious, with indepen-
dence so achieved, the flag of Holland natm-ally be-
came the pioneer of commercial discovery all over
the globe.
Now I do not find that the Dutch were State
builders. They did not seek, as it seems to me, to
found colonies from which States should gi'ow, but
they sought to extend commerce. In 1609, when the
174
little Half Moon, whose effigy we naturally find be-
fore us on this table, with her English captain, was
sent forth, it was upon a trading expedition ; and
when on that pleasant September day she floated by
this Island of Manhattan and up this beautiful river
that runs from the north, it was for trade that Hud-
son went upon the river that bears his name, and
traffic with the natives was the chief object — nay,
the only object — that appears to have caused his
voyage.
Then followed the charter of the West India Com-
pany, and this was accompanied, naturally, by taking
formal possession, because it was essential for the
prosecution of commerce that military and civil con-
trol should back up the claims for territory that were
made, and they claimed in a general way the grant
by a generous measurement of degrees of latitude, —
say five or six, or more. But as far as I can read and
comprehend its history, the forty years of Dutch oc-
cupation of the land on which we stand and the ad-
jacent country were unmarked by anything of great
political interest. In truth, it seems to me that our
Dutch ancestors were easy-going, not invasive, con-
tent to hold their own, content to be free themselves,
and not seeking to enslave others ; and they pro-
nounced as their general creed, "Let any one re-
main free as long as he is modest, moderate, in his
political conduct u-reproachable, and as long as he
does not offend others and oppose the government."
That was about the jjolitical creed that they estab-
lished in this country. It was very liberal, accord-
ing to the times ; but while they were thus free in
dealing with their discoveries, the seeds of social
and political institutions were not forgotten.
175
History records that, as early as the thu'teenth
century, in the Dutch Provinces questions were de-
cided by a democratic vote. The town bell was
sounded, and the people gathered to discuss every
matter of importance. Justice was administered by
a man's peers, and taxes for the use of the ruler were
his " Bedeu," granted by the people on his prayer for
relief. Each quarter of the town had its own burgo-
master, and its citizens were freemen of the bourg.
Each town had its own militia for the preservation
of local order and for the defense of the liberties and
rights of the inhabitants.
These are Dutch institutions, and were all founded
upon the Dutch system of government. The Dutch
unit of government was a free man, and that is
to-day the great generic description of American
liberty.
With the expansion of a complex civilization, the
creation of vast wealth and the increase of its power,
dangers are forcing their way, are straining our
laws, and imperiling the permanence and integrity
of our institutions.
When these evils are traced to their origin, it
will be found to be the lack of insistence upon the
great basal fact that the fx'ee individual is the unit
of an American State, and that the State is but
the aggregate of such free units. And it is upon
individual conscience, and convictions sustained by
courage and recognized and respected by the State,
that our chief hopes for the glory and permanence
of our system repose.
If, then, we are asked what Dutch institutions
are reflected in the government of the American
Union, we must say — popular local self-govern-
176
ment, and civil and religious liberty of the indi-
vidual citizen.
Surrounded as we are to-day by proofs of rapid
consolidation and centralization of wealth and power,
the creation of unlimited corporate existence in
every branch of material occupation, the tendency of
men to combine in eveiy profession, — there is, I sub-
mit to you, a danger that the true source of national
safety, and permanent glory, and the independence
and freedom of the individual may be swamped and
engulfed by the surrounding forces.
Yet, in the nature of things as ordered by the great
Ruler of the world, it is only through individual con-
science, by independent thought and action, and
through the soul of man, the higher motive, the
guiding moral force, the concentrated single purpose,
the executive eye and hand, that the elevation and
progress and safety of a nation can be maintained.
Mere numbers cannot accomplish this. Nay, they
may ignorantly obstruct and smother it.
There is an illustration of this which the news-
papers of to-day convey to us, in the intense interest
excited by that vigorous and commendable class
of our citizens interested in the supremacy of the
United States in the fine sport of yachting. May
I pause a moment to say that the Half Moon was
the first yacht known in America — eighty tons
burden, and less than twenty in her crew?
Now it is needless to speak of the results that at-
tach to this most excellent and manly amusement.
The skill in marine architecture, in navigation, and
in seamanship that is the outgrowth of yachting is
full of possibilities of high public and patriotic ser-
vice. Just now the yachting world seems to be ex-
177
cited lest the coveted trophy of American prowess
should be captured by some British hand, and in
every quarter of the land arises the demand for the
construction of a cup defender. To do this, mere
wealth is powerless. Mass-meetings can accomplish
nothing. Syndicates cannot provide it, and even the
voice of the mighty and combined press cannot
evoke it. And yet the yacht must be built, — but
where is the builder to be found ? Not in the great
centers of wealth, or manufacture, or population, or of
machinery, but in one of the least-important towns
of the smallest State, geographically, of the Union,
the man, the needed individual, is discovered, whose
genius can design and whose mind can direct the
construction of that wonderful fabric which shall pro-
tect the coveted trophy and maintain the supremacy
of his country in a contest where skill and brains are
controlling factors.
The marvel of his gifts is made the greater that he
is deprived of sight; but the man himself is there.
In his mind's eye he sees all the clearer the pro-
portions of the craft that he designs. His imagi-
nation paints pictures all the more vivid, and his
countrymen recognize John Herreshoff, the blind
boat-buUder of Rhode Island, as the man best cal-
culated to sustain the honest pride of supremacy
of the American people in that branch of human
exertion.
Now, gentlemen, all this is as it should be. Let
merit control, let the best man win, is the Ameri-
can doctrine. But let me ask you, are there not, be-
yond this passing illustration, however interesting —
are there not to-day greater demands upon the Amer-
ican people than the bmlding of a pleasure-boat ?
178
There is a ship of state ah*eady built, freighted
with the best hopes of humanity, upon whose safety
hang the welfare and hapj^iness and progress of
a great nation — to-day sixty- five millions of souls.
How shall this ship be manned ? How shall her
captain be chosen ? How will you settle who her
chief executive shall bef Who shall select that
ship's company? Who shall direct her voyage?
These are questions to be settled by the institu-
tions of government under which we live, and the
answer must be framed by American citizens.
Did the founders of our government, did the men
who founded the institutions from which ours were
copied and drawn, dig a ditch between ethics and
politics ? Did they sever the two so that when you
came to govern a country you were to disregard
the foundation-stones of morality and justice, upon
which alone a nation can permanently exist? Did
they divorce politics from the Lord's Prayer and the
ten commandments ? Did they declare that purity
in politics was but an iridescent dream?
I ask you, students of American history, where
can you find in the debates of the convention that
outlined our government, where in the splendid
state papers that advocated and explained that
scheme of government — where can you find war-
rant for saying that any argument and any re-
liance was placed upon, or addressed to, the lower
faculties or the selfish and meaner qualities of
human nature ! Were they to be the guiding forces
of the great scheme placed before our people and
the world ? And if it be averred that they were,
pray find and state, if you can, one suggestion of
it in the simple, plain, earnest language in which
179
the framework of government was molded and
defined.
Such were not intended to be the ruling factors
of our government. Where is there to be found a
suggestion that an inexorable machine of party shall
be set up like a horrid guillotine to shear off the
consciences of men ! Where is there a suggestion of
the vice of low wire-pulling, of the packed conven-
tions, or, worse and more vile than all, the opening
of political "barrels" to debauch an honest people?
Are not all these detestable things which we see to-
day, and which threaten us to-day, one and all in
direct opposition to every suggestion, whether it be
from the ancient institutions of the Dutch, or the
institutions copied therefrom by the American peo-
ple two hundred years later I
It was said — I am not certain by whom — that
the end and object of the British Constitution, of
the common law, and of their many statutes was
to bring twelve honest men into a box ; and I
take the meaning of that epigram to be that it was
upon the individual conscience of the plain citi-
zens of the country that they relied for that sense
of honesty and justice upon which society alone can
depend, and to which ultimately it must be brought
for safety.
Imperfect as trial by jury may be, it contains the
elements of confidence in individual conscience left
free to preserve itself, as one of the bulwarks of a
free country ; and I would say that the institutions
of the American government have for their primary
object the conservation of the absolute personal
liberty of each American citizen ; that each man has
within himself his right and his power, which is, as
180
Milton said of his great gift, "the single talent that
't were death to hide"; and that he cannot avoid the
responsibility for its exercise; and that it is upon
that fact, working within his breast, that ultimately
the permanence, the safety of the institutions of this
country will depend.
History is all full of this. "When the one great
Angelo had presented to him the task of erecting
for the glory of God the great structure that forever
win be connected with his name, how did he approach
it ? With fasting, with prayer, with an absolute de-
clination of all pecuniary gain connected with the
great work which he had in his mind and soul. Emer-
son has told us in noble phrase the motive power
which created the great Christian church built by
the genius of Angelo :
The hand that rounded Peter's dome
And groined the aisles of Christian Rome
Wrought in a sad sincerity :
Himself from God he could not free.
He buUded better than he knew ;
The conscious stone in beauty grew.
The legends, the traditions of almost every nation
of civilized men who have a written history and
a literature, contain the glorious acts of those who
have striven, not for themselves alone, but for their
country. Macaulay, in one of the lays which hyper-
criticism has affected to say are wanting in poetry,
but which have set themselves to the music of the
human heart and which the English-speaking people
will never forget, has sung of a brave man who stood
on the last plank of the bridge that spanned the
181
current of the Tiber aud checked the savage on-
slaught on the city which contained his home. He
tells us that :
Still his name sounds stirring
Unto the men of Rome,
As the trumpet-blast that cries to them
To charge the Volscian home ;
And vrives still pray to Juno
For boys with hearts as bold
As his who kept the bridge so well
In the brave days of old.
And, gentlemen, have we no bridge to keep?
Have we no homes to defend ? Are there not enemies
to-day in this country as dangerous to oui" homes and
to oui' liberties — yea, more dangerous than the Vol-
scians were to those of Rome ? Is there not to-day
the same cry appealing to our hearts, that we should
act the part of men in our own day and time, as
has ever been heard since the stars of the morning
sung together f We need to-day open, outspoken
defiance, regardless of odds and consequences, to
the heartless, low machinery of politics. We need
defiance to the whole army of self-seekers, who, as
Walter Gresham said, love their government only
for what they can make out of it.
Let me speak as one not without experience, that it
requires to-day in this land of ours as much courage,
and courage of as high an order in every way, to
breast unpopularity and face corruption, to disre-
gard the recommendations that, stifling the human
soul and smothering the human conscience, show us
material success as the great end, the be-all and the
end-all, of human life and of human endeavor.
182
Still I would quote the lay of Macaulay:
And how can man die better
Thau facing fearful odds,
For the ashes of his fathers
And the temples of his gods !
Aud how can an Amei'ican do bettei- than, if it be
necessary, to remain all his life long out of political
power, all his life long in a political minority, but
forever contesting the corruptions and corrupting
forces of plutocracy, and the mere numbers that it
can always purchase, and defending the principles
of liberty and manhood which are the basis and the
only hope of human progress f
I can never forget an assembly in which I stood
some few years ago. It was the two-hundred-and-
fif tieth anniversary of the oldest school in the United
States — Harvard CoUege. I well remember the assem-
blage of men, so venerable in years, so eminent in
piety, so exalted in character. Among them as the
orator was that gifted poet, wise citizen, upright,
true, and honorable American, James Russell Lowell.
The crowning point, the very gist of his splendid
oration was simply the consecration of the indi-
vidual to the duties which he had to perform. He
addressed himself to one who was then the chief
magistrate of the Union, and in speaking of the
confidence that he felt, and the country felt, in
him, he could find no higher simile than in the
words Seneca put in the mouth of a humble pilot,
who, in the midst of tempest and storm and danger,
cried to the ruler of the waves : " 0 Neptune ! You
may sink me, you may save me, but I will hold my
rudder true."
183
Believe me, my friends, that is precisely the task
of each man of lis, each inheritor of the spirit of
liberty and of the fruits of liberty, that we have
gained by transplanting Dutch institutions to the
continent we occupy. We have no right, in perform-
ing our duties by the State, to count odds or to weigh
consequences, but to " hold our rudder true."
And you, the descendants of Dutch ancestors, men
who are looking back in history, not, as our president
well said, for any poor purpose of personal pride or
social advancement, but looking back to the star of
duty that shines over the centuries since those true
men went to their rest, there it is that we shall find
the measure of duty that controlled them and should
control us. What Americans need and always will
need, and more under popular institutions than any
other form of government, is the man who dares to
speak out and say that which he believes the best
interest of his country demands.
Now this Society is worth nothing, its pleasant
meetings and luxury amount to nothing, unless this
great lesson is carried forward to our countrymen,
and that is the fearless performance of individual
duty, the rule of individual conscience in the great
questions that threaten the safety and. welfare of the
country in which we live.
184
The Peesident : The next toast is : " Holland : a
lesson to oppressors, an example to the oppressed,
and a sanctuary for the rights of mankind." This
toast •will be responded to by one of the greatest
stars in New- York's constellation of the Embassadors
of Him on High, Rev. Dr. George R. Van de Water,
rector of St. Andrew's Church, Harlem.
REV. GEORGE R. VANDEWATER. D. D.
SPEECH OF
REV, GEO. R. VAN DE WATER, D. D.
Mr. President and Members of TJie Holland Society :
NE loves to observe a fitness in things.
There is manifest fitness in one com-
ing to New-York from Harlem to speak
to the members of The Holland Society
and their friends. There is also manifest fitness
in taking the words of this country's earliest bene-
factor, the Marquis de Lafayette, and, removing them
from their original association with this fair and
favored land, applying them to that little but lovely,
lowly yet lofty, country of the Netherlands. Geolo-
gists tell us that, minor considerations waived, the
character of a stream can be discerned as well any-
where along its course as at its source. Whether
this be true or not, anything that can be said of the
fundamental principles of liberty, upon which our
national fabric has been built, can be said with even
increased emphasis of the free States of the Nether-
lands.
From the Dutch our free America has secured the
inspiration of her chartered liberties. Of the Dutch,
186
then, we can appropriately say, as Lafayette once
said of free America, " They are a lesson to oppres-
sors, an example to the oppressed, and a sanctuary
for the rights of mankind."
We are here to-night to glorify the Dutch. For-
tunately for us, to do this we have not by the addi-
tion of so much as a jot or a tittle to magnify history.
The facts are sufficient to justify our boast and for-
tify our pride. "We need to detract nothing from
other nationalities that have contributed much to the
formation of our modern national conglomerate, al-
though it is easily seen that the superior qualities of
other nations have had a large infusion of Dutch
virtue. All that we claim is that no nation under
the heavens can make such an exhibit of marvelous
success against adverse circumstances as does Hol-
land. From the days when Julius Caesar mentions
their bravery under the name of Batavians, to the
notable time when, voluntarily assuming the title of
reproach, they became " the beggars of the sea," and
for nearly a century fought for their chartered rights
against the most powerful and unscrupulous of foes,
the Dutch have shown the most splendid of human
virtues in most conspicuous light. In doing this
tbey liave made a noble name for themselves, and
furnished the worthiest of examples for all the na-
tions of the earth. This is not the time nor the place
to deal with mere facts of history. Yet I take it that
even this jolly assembly will take pleasure in the
mention of the deeds that have now become eter-
nally historic. Who that knows anything of the
son of Charles V., who in 1555 made promises to
Holland that he never meant to keep, and for years
after sought in every way to break; who that has
187
ever read of this fanatical, heartless, cruel, and des-
potic Philip II. of Spain, or of that wonderful, pure,
magnanimous, noblest Dutchman of all, William of
Orange, or of that fickle and false Margaret of Parma,
the wicked sister in Holland, who lived to execute
the will of a wicked brother in Spain, or of those
monsters at the head of Spanish armies, Alva, Re-
quesens, and Don Juan ; who that has been fired by
the sieges of Leyden and Haarlem, by the assassina-
tions concocted in the Council of Blood, by the
patient, faithful, undying patriotism of the Nether-
landers in protesting for the truth of God and the
rights of man, will need any response to the toast
" a lesson to oppressors " ? A little land, fighting for
the right, succeeded in overcoming the power of the
mightiest nation of Europe.
Truth crushed to earth will rise again.
When once we consider the earnestness for civil
and religious liberty, the record of no nation can
stand comparison with that of Holland. Some of
the English Puritans fled across the Atlantic from
persecutions very slight compared with those in-
flicted upon Dutchmen by Philip, here to found a
New England. Those who did not flee remained in
old England, fought a few battles, and tried to estab-
lish a commonwealth, which in less than fifteen years
ended disastrously, because the founders were unfit
for government. But these Puritans of Holland, to
their everlasting praise be it remembered, battled for
their homes, lives, and liberty for eighty years. For
four fifths of a century they faced not only the best
and bravest soldiers of Europe, but they faced, along
with their wives, their children, and their old folk,
188
the flame, tlie gibbet, the flood, the siege, the pesti-
lence, the famine, "and all men know, or dream, or
fear of agony," all for one thing — to teach the op-
pressor that his cause must fail. It is difficult, sit-
ting around a comfortable board at a public dinner,
to make men realize what their forefathers suffered
that the heritage of priceless liberty should be then*
children's pride. But read Motley, or the recent
and remarkably well written volumes of Douglas
Campbell, and you will see that every atrocity that
Spanish hatred, religious intolerance, and medieval
bigotry could invent, every horror that ever fol-
lowed in the train of war, swept over and desolated
Holland. And yet, to teach a lesson to oppressors,
they endured, they fought, they suffered, they con-
quei'ed; and when they conquered, the whole world
was taught the lesson — worth all the Dutchmen's
agony to teach it — that the children of a heavenly
Father are born free and equal, and that it is neither
the province of nation or church to coerce them into
any religious belief or doctrine whatsoever. The
principle of Protestantism was won in the eighty-
year war of the Netherlanders. During all this time
the Dutch were notably giving a lesson to oppres-
sors. But then and afterward they furnished a bril-
liant and commendable example to the oppressed.
Though they fought the wi-ong, they never opposed
the truth. They were fierce, but never fanatical.
They loved liberty, but they never encouraged li-
cense ; they believed in freedom and the maintenance
of chartered rights, but they never denied their law-
ful allegiance to their governor, nor refused scrip-
tural submission to the powers ordained of God. The
public documents throughout the eighty years of war
189
invariably recognized Philip as lawful king. Even
the University of Leyden, founded as a thanksgiving
offering for their successful resistance to the Spanish
siege, observed the usual legal fiction, and acknow-
ledged the king as ruler of the realm. And although
the Dutch had abundant reason to be vindictive, once
the opportunity offered, the desii'e for persecution
vanished. William the Silent, as early as 1556, in a
public speech before the regent and her council, says,
" Force can make no impression on one's conscience."
" It is the nature of heresy," he goes on to say (would
we had the spirit of William in our chiu'ches to-day) —
" it is the nature of heresy, if it rests it rusts : he that
rubs it whets it." His was an age when religious tol-
eration, except as a political necessity, was unknown.
Holland first practised it, then taught it to the
world. No less in her example to the oppressed than
in her warning to oppressors, is Holland conspicu-
ous, is Holland great. During the reign of William
of Orange, first a Romanist, then a Calvinist, never
a bigot, always gentle, at last a Christian, in Holland
and in Zeeland, where for years he was almost mili-
tary dictator, these principles of tolerance were put
to severest test. Fortunately for the world, they
were sufficiently strong to stand the strain. The
people about him had been the sad victims of a horri-
ble persecution which had furrowed their soil with
graves, and filled their land with widows and or-
phans. We know what is human nature. But Dutch
nature is a little more generous than ordinary hu-
man nature. A Dutchman's heart is big, a Dutch-
man travels on a broad-gage track; a Dutchman
can forgive and forget an injury; a Dutchman has
no fears and few frowns ; a Dutchman is never ice-
190
bergy, nor sullen, nor revengeful. He may make
mistakes from impulse, lie never wounds with in-
tention ; he will never put his foot twice in the same
trap, nor will he take any pleasure in seeing his en-
emy entrapped. All of a Dutchman's faults come
from an over-indulgence of a Dutchman's virtues.
He is not cold, nor calculating, nor cruel. Generally
happy himself, he desires others to be happy also.
If he cannot get on with people, he lets them alone.
He does not seek to ruin them. Such are ti'aits of
the Dutch character. When, after driving out the
awful, vindictive, bloodthirsty Spaniards, the Dutch
came into power, it was but natural to think of re-
taliation : banish the Papists, or persecute the Ana-
baptists, suppress their paganism, or crush their
fanaticism, would have been most natural. Against
any such ideas the nation as a whole set its face like
a wall of adamant. Very soon the sober convictions
of the people were triumphant. And after the most
atrociously cruel war, in which these men had suf-
fered untold agonies, they became an example to the
oppressed, the like of which the world had never wit-
nessed since the Son of God and Saviour of men cried
out from his cross, " Father, forgive them : they
know not what they do." When the union was formed
between Holland and Zeeland, it was provided that
no inquisition should be made into any man's belief
or conscience, nor should any man by cause thereof
suffer injury or hindrance. Toleration for the op-
pressor by the oppressed, full forgiveness of enemies
by the victors, became thus the corner-stone of the
republic, under which all sects of Christians, the Ro-
man Catholic Church, Jews, Turks, infidels, and
even heretics, throve and prospered.
191
Now, do you need anything said after thus show-
ing Holland to have been the teacher of a lesson to
oppressors, and the example to the oppressed, to
show that she has ever been the sanctuary for the
rights of mankind ?
In the nature of things, she could not have been
otherwise. The little country of Holland, that in
1555, on the accession of Philip II. to the sover-
eignty, was the richest jewel in his crown, and of the
five millions poured annually into his treasury con-
tributed nearly half, emerged as a republic out of
the war with Spain of eighty years' duration, and
remained for two full centuries the greatest republic
in the world. She has been the instructor of the
world in art, in music, in science; has outstripped
other nations in the commercial race; had wealth
and luxury, palaces and architectural splendor, when
England's yeomanry lived in huts and never ate a
vegetable; discovered oil-painting, originated por-
trait- and landscape-painting, was foremost in all the
mechanical arts ; invented wood- engraving, printing
from blocks, and gave to the world both telescope
and microscope, thus furnishing the implements to
see the largest things of the heavens above, and the
smallest of both earth beneath and waters under the
earth. The corner-stone was liberty, and especially
religious liberty and toleration. As such Holland
could not have been other than the sanctuary for the
rights of mankind. The great number of English-
men in the Netherlands, and the reciprocal influence
of the Netherlands upon these Englishmen, — an in-
fluence all too little marked by English historians, —
prepared the way for transplanting to this country the
seeds from which has sprung the large tree beneath
192
the bounteous shade of which nearly seventy mil-
lions of people take shelter to-day, and, while they
rest, rejoice in full security of their rights and their
freedom.
Two hundred years ago, the English coiu*tiers
about Charles II., regardless of the fact that the
Netherlands had been the guide and the instructor
of England in almost everything which had made her
materially great, regarded the Dutchman as a boor,
plain and ill-mannered, and wanting in taste, because
as a republican the Hollander thought it a disgrace
to have his wife or his daughter debauched by king
or noble. From the aristocratic point of view, the
Dutchman was not altogether a gentleman. To-day
we have some representatives of the Charles II.
courtiers, who affect to ape the English, and would,
no doubt, despise the Dutch. But he who appreciates
the genuine meaning of a man, born in the image
and living in the fear of his God, has nothing but
direst disgust for a dude, nothing but the rarest
respect for a Dutchman.
193
The President : The next toast is " Dutch Hospi-
tality : it made Dutchmen of the Huguenot, the Wal-
loon, and the Jew ; transplanted to America, it has
molded the immigrant into the loyal American."
This will be responded to by one of New- York's
most distinguished sons, a gentleman who repre-
sented this Empii-e State in the Senate of the United
States, and is now engaged in one of the greatest
international enterprises of the world, the joining to-
gether of the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans, mak-
ing the passage that Hendrick Hudson was looking
for to enter from one ocean to the other — the Hon.
Warner Miller, of New- York.
26
SPEECH OF HON. WARNER MILLER.
Mr. President and Gentlemen of The Holland Society :
^Wr^ HAVE been introduced within the past
il^/v' ^^^ years a great many times as a defunct
M^^ representative of the State of New- York.
'^^'^ It is no fault of mine, or at least no fault
of my wish, that I am not its representative now.
I find myself in a rather difficult position to-night,
but I congratulate you for the position that I am in.
When Judge Van Hoesen invited me to come here,
he gave me as my subject, " The Commingling of the
Races in America, and the Results that Came from
that Commingling." When I arrived here to-night I
learned for the first time that I am to respond to the
toast, "Dutch Hospitality." Why the change was
made I know not. Perhaps, and quite likely, it is
because I come from that beautiful Dutch locality,
the Mohawk Valley, where the most hospitable peo-
ple in America, or in the world, live to-day. I think
I see several of its representatives before me, and if
you have any doubt of what I shall say in regard to
their characteristics, I shall be able to prove it by
John H. Starin and John W. Vrooman.
195
Out in that Dutch country where I live, we have
everything in common. We never lock our doors or
fasten oiar windows at night, because there is no ne-
cessity for it. No man wants for anything if it is
within his reach, because he takes it, and no one
complains. Still, I am not entirely sure that the peo-
ple called " the Mohawk Dutch " are really of Dutch
descent. Our colonial history tells us that many of
them came from Manheim, and from the Upper Rhine
instead of the Lower Rhine.
I should be glad to-night to be a member of The
Holland Society, but I am not quite sure whether I
am eligible or not. I am either of Dutch or German
ancestry, and I have never yet taken the pains to
trace it back to discover which it was. If I were a
member of The Holland Society, I might speak more
freely about you, and tell you what I thought of you.
Our good Rev. Dr. Van de Water has said that you
were only half full. I wonder what the condition
would be of The Holland Society and of the Dutch-
men belonging to it if they were entirely full. I sup-
pose, however, that on occasions of that kind they
are always by themselves; there are no invited
guests.
A few words, and a few words only, regarding the
subject which has been given to me. I shall not at-
tempt to deliver the speech which I had written re-
garding the commingling of races. I am sure you
will regret it, for it was the ablest effort of my life,
and here I have been deprived of the privilege of
delivering it to you.
The early history, the history written by Motley,
of this wonderful people, gives us really but little of
the inner life of the people of Holland. The history
196
of that country, and in fact all histories of the past,
have been largely records of wars, records of govern-
mental action, but there have come down to us but
few authentic accounts of the real condition of the
people in their homes.
But we do not in this case need a history of the
common people of Holland to know that they were
in their day a generation of the most hospitable peo-
ple in the world. In that day, of which so much has
been said here to-night, it was the only asylum of the
oppressed in the whole world. There was no other
government or country to which a man could flee
for protection against civil or religious intoleration.
We owe much to Holland in this country for the
asylum that it gave to the oppressed of France, of
Germany, and of England. Secretary Bayard, who
has spoken here to-night of the history of that coun-
try and of the results that have flown from it, woiild
not be here to-night had not Holland given an asyliim
to his ancestors.
Another name that I find here upon this pro-
gi'am to-night, and who I regret to say is not here,
would never have delighted the American people
with his wit, his genius, and his eloquence had not
Holland given a hospitable home to his Huguenot
ancestors when they were driven out of France. I
need not say I refer to " our own Chauncey." This
asylum, this hospitality of the Dutch was transferred
to America by the Dutchmen who settled Manhattan
Island. Mr. Bayard has suggested that this little model
on the table here of the good old ship that brought
the first discoverer of the North River, carried people
who were not seeking for State-making or for the
population of foreign lands, but seeking rather for
197
commerce and that wliieh comes from it. Quite
likely that is true — undoubtedly it is true. But
those people carried with them the institutions of their
country, and when they established a trading-post
upon Manhattan Island they did not fail to set up
the institutions of Holland, which were local self-
government and the right of every man, according
to his conscience, to worship God as he saw fit ; and
though they did not, perhaps, intend to establish
States, they certainly established one here, and one
which, in my judgment, has done more for civil and
religious liberty in this country, and therefore in the
world, than any other set of immigrants that came
from any portion of Europe.
The Dutch brought with them not only their po-
litical and religious institutions, but they transferred
here their open hospitality, which had made Holland
the asylum of the world ; and so here in New- York
there was the first asylum in America for free religion.
Perhaps they have extended their hospitality a little
too far. "We have now here a great city of nearly
two millions, and a State of six millions, and whilst
the best blood of Holland sufficed to establish this
great community, they have extended their hospital-
ity so far that they have given up the entire govern-
ment to another nation and to another people. What
greater evidence of their hospitality can there be than
that a people will not only unlock their doors, but
invite the whole world in, and then, when they have
come in, quietly take the back seat and permit the
people they have invited in to take possession of the
whole commonwealth ?
It was my good fortune a year ago to pay my first
visit to HoUand, and to learn there something of the
198
hospitality of its people of the present generation.
Under the auspices of my schoolmate, the present
minister at The Hague, Mr. Thayer, I found every
door in that country to which we went readily opened
to us. Invitations came from every quarter, and
everywhere I went I found the Dutch names of New-
York — of the ancestors of the people who had made
this country, and I do not hesitate to say that the wel-
come given me there was a thousand times warmer
and stronger than any welcome I have ever received
in any other foreign land. The educated people,
without exception, spoke the English language, and
when I expressed my astonishment at it, they simply
said, " Our country is so smaU and there are so few of
us that we must speak English, or else keep silent."
In closing — and you see I cannot make a long
speech when I have n't it prepared — I simply want to
emphasize the words of my other classmate, Douglas
Campbell, read here to-night. Certainly if you are
willing, as Dutchmen, that every other nation in the
world should rule your city and the State that you
established, you ought at least to set up a silent
monument of some of your great men, in order that
coming generations may have some appreciation of
what you have done for the world.
M
199
The President: The next toast is "The Dutch
Settlers between the North and South Rivers: the
Establishers of Jersey Justice."
Leigh Hunt, in describing one of the heroes of his
poem, when the Recording Angel asked the applicant
for admission to the celestial abode what claim he
had upon him, makes him reply, "None, except I
love my fellow-men." And when the names were
read off, " Lo, Ben Adhem's name led all the rest."
This toast will be responded to by the Ben Adhem
of The Holland Society — the Rev. Dr. Duryee, Pro-
fessor in the old Dutch Rutgers College.
SPEECH OF
EEV. DE. WILLIAM RANKIN DURYEE.
Mr. President and Fellow-Members of The Holland
Society :
■■ ■ ■■>jHE toast given me has something in it
*^l^v ^^o^t "Jersey justice," and in justice to
^flw^ Jersey all true Hollanders ought to be
=-^ abed by one o'clock in the morning.
So I will very briefly speak of the Holland colonists
between the Hudson and the Delaware.
How could the early Dutch fail in their admiration
of the land across the North River ? There were Ber-
gen Heights, ready to take in the Vreelands and
the Van Horns, and before them lay the admirable
marshes calling for reclamation, and on which the
colonists could see rows of cabbages in the future,
before it became profitable to give the whole shore
away to railroad companies. There was the lovely
Haekensack winding through its reedy shores and
pointing to a future Haekensack, and Paramus,
and Schraalenburg. There was Belleville Hill, with
the Passaic's quiet stream beneath, near which the
glory of a coming Acquackanonck might be imagined.
Fui'ther down the coast, there was the Raritan, with
REV. WILLIAM R. DURYEE. D. D.
201
a moutli as large as a Dutchman's heart and a stream
as shallow as a bigot's brain.
A little cruise along that river and they found the
bluffs of New Brunswick, so fit for houses and schools,
and further on the acres of Somerset, of whose san-
guine soil only the experienced wayfarer can judge as
he tries its tenacity, but which the industry of the
Dutch farmer might turn into the garden-spot of the
State. And then they sailed to the lordly Delaware
with its splendid bay, and what a wealth of " situa-
tions " presented itself to the seeking colonists !
But these pioneers were few in number, " too few
to go round," or to control government. Still they
had faith in the increasing development of good
Dutch households. They knew that the fathers and
mothers would come to stay, and that the families
would reach out in future time and produce a Hol-
land Society that would be worthy of the name.
And so Michael Poulaz was sent across to the Hoek
opposite the Battery, and Cornelius Van Vorst to
Ahasimus, while Jan Evertse Bout built the first
house in Gomoenapaw. Then followed the scores of
Vreelands, Latourettes, Van Homes, to partition the
peninsula reaching to the Kill von Kull. And the
Schuylers went to Belleville, and others beyond, till
the modern historian beholds in spots as many Dem-
arests and Bogerts to an acre as the land will contain.
There was one meeting of The Holland Society re-
corded. The true record tells us how in 1636 Dom-
ine Bogardus fled awhile from Anneke Jans, and
with Captain De Vries crossed over to Ahasimus.
The feast at Van Vorst's thatched home began with
" a heated argument " ; so do all Dutch feasts begin.
Then all present became very warm friends, with
202
toastings and hand-shakings ; so do all Dutch feasts
progress. Then the guests from Manhattan took to
their periagua, and Cornelius "sped the parting
guests" with a roar from a small cannon ; so should all
Dutch feasts end. Alas ! a spark from the cannon set
fire to the thatch, Van Vorst's house was burned down,
and from that hour The Holland Society thought it
best to meet at Manhattan, where a better fire-depart-
ment could throw water where it was most needed.
But, jesting apart, the influence of those early homes
continues to this day. The Dutch were very 2)liilo-
sophical as regarded events. For instance, Aunt
Gertie Brinkerhoff, during the Revolution, while
many of her kindred were with Washington, sold
milk to the British in New-York. The subtle pur-
pose was, doubtless, concealed beneath the quality
of the milk and the price demanded, as these has-
tened the flight of the enemy. But so large were the
profits after a few months, that the old Dutch milk-
woman could invest in a silver tankard, after the
Dutch fashion of providing heirlooms. Coming
home, a squall struck the little boat, the gi'asp on the
tankard was loosened, and the silver flew overboard
and sank between Gibbet Island and Bedloe's. Did
the old dame mourn ? Not she ! She simply en-
graved the philosophical epitaph — "Veil, it came by
vater, and by vater it goes," — and the boat sailed
calmly on to Communipaw.
These colonists were reverential in spirit. Their
churches still remain all along the ancient lines of
settlement. They were devoted to education. How
could the men of Utrecht and Leyden be otherwise ?
The college in which I have the honor to serve, and
which is so dear an " Alma Mater " to many members
203
of this Society, was founded in colonial days by Hol-
landers as " Queen's College," whose very name con-
trasted it with the English "King's College" here.
From the walls of its chapel look down upon me day
by day the faces of a Milledoller, Hasbrouck, Freling-
huysen, De Witt, Eomeyn, and scores of others who
grew up in Dutch homes and became leaders in
moral and educational progress. Alas ! that the
Dutch admire so much and aid so little their own,
in these later days.
The colonists were kindly to all who were near
them. Their households attest this. The slave who
found the copper on Colonel Peter Schuyler's estate,
opposite modern Belleville, was given by his master
three wishes. The first was, that he migJd never be
parted from the Schuylers. The second was, that he
might have a bright-colored dressing-gown like that
he had seen on the colonel. And the third was, that
he might have all the tobacco he wanted. "But,
Pompey," said Colonel Schuyler, "ask more than
this. Try again. Come, one more wish, and you
shall have it." And now the influence of the restful
ingredient of a Dutchman's fii'eside came in. " Well,
Massa, my udder wish is, to hab a little more to-
bacco." Many such stories might be narrated, but
the time forbids.
That the best of the influence which comes from
the old strain of our Dutch and Huguenot ances-
try may work in us, descending from the men and
women who settled in New Jersey, Delaware, and the
borders of Pennsylvania, — that this influence may
make us more patient, industrious, kindly, reveren-
tial, and truth-loving, is the wish, I am sure, of every
member of The Holland Society to-night.
204
The Peesident : The next toast is " Nieuw Amster-
dam and New- York: Just as the twig is bent the
tree 's inclined."
Owing to the sudden sickness of Mr. Lawrence,
this toast will be responded to by one of our own
members, who in character, in manner, in thought,
and in looks is the veriest Dutchman that we have
in this Society, — our friend, the Hon. Robert B.
Roosevelt.
SPEECH OF HON. ROBERT B. ROOSEVELT.
Gentlemen of The Holland Society :
OU see that I am here as a substitute to-
night, called upon at the last moment to
replace one who could so much better
respond to the toast. It is not an un-
usual toast. I dare say some of you have heard
something about it before. We very frequently see
on the list of exercises at all the great entertainments
the toast, " The City of New-York." We have aU
heard the responses to that toast, which in mellifluous
tones have charmed our ears, and have listened to
statistics that have startled our imaginations.
Now I propose to spare you the mellifluous tones,
the statistics. I did not have time, in the first place,
to collate the latter, and if I had had time you would
not have had time to listen to them. All I can say
at present is that they are Dutch; that you see the
essence of Dutchness if you walk up Broadway and
observe the buildings that are devoted to business.
They are Dutch. They are beautiful on the outside,
like the Dutchman, as has been so worthily said by
our President, and they are substantial in every way.
205
206
They are fitted for the purpose, and yet they are at-
tractive to all men. Then there are the residences
of the modern Dutch, so beautifully adapted to the
comforts and the necessities of modern life — those
comforts that are not to be found in any of the resi-
dences abroad except in the royal palaces, and not
even always there — the gas turned on in a moment,
the hot and cold water for household uses, the sew-
erage, the waste-pipes, the bath-tub — and I assure
you, gentlemen, that bath-tubs in Europe are the
rarest birds to be found. But it is not of New- York
in the past, or of New- York in the present, that I
desire to speak to you. I should like to say to
you a few words of New- York in the future.
The mind of man cannot conceive, the tongue of
man cannot express what is to be, what will be within
the time of the children of some of you. It will have
grown physically over Brooklyn without an effort,
'way out to Jamaica, on the north to Yonkers, on the
northeast to Pelham and the Sound — one solid city
of wealth, of intelligence and enterprise. It will have
concentrated here the wealth of the world. This will
be the center of the financial, as it will be the center
of commercial life.
In referring to the hospitality of the Dutch, gen-
tlemen to-night have spoken of the fact that we were
willing not merely to invite foreigners to this city,
but to allow them when here to rule over it. Well, is
not that a Dutch characteristic? As long as we could
get somebody else to do it for us, we were perfectly
willing to sit down and have it done.
But in the future, gentlemen, every office in the
city of New-York will be held by the son of a Dutch-
man. Look forward, gentlemen, and teU us whether
207
the millennium will not have arrived here when that
shall have taken place. "We will have here the con-
centration of arts and artists; we will have from
this city, going out all over the world, the dictates
of taste and fancy ; we will rid France of its promi-
nence to-day, as we will rid England of its finan-
cial control. This city will be the city of the
world ; it will be the metropolis of the world. And
then, finally, the time will come when everybody,
seeing and hearing what the Dutch have done, and
what the Dutch think, will come to have the same
sentiments that we have, and they then will be right,
because the Dutchman is always right.
208
The President: Gentlemen, this will be the last
toast of the evening :
" The Integrity of Dutch Officials: no great riches
are seen to enter by public payments into private
purses, but all public moneys are applied to the law-
ful uses of the State."
Our Chauneey, your Chauneey, and everybody's
Chauneey — Chauneey the lawyer, statesman, poli-
tician, orator, business man, and railroad king, ac-
cepted the invitation of this Society to respond to
this toast, and his name was seriously printed upon
this list, thinking that he would be here to-night. I
have received this telegram from him :
" I deeply regret that an unexpected and most
urgent matter will prevent my being with you.
"Chauncey M. Depew,"
One of our business men, an orator whose remarks
you will all enjoy, has consented on the spur* of the
moment to respond to this toast — James Seaver
Page.
SPEECH OF MR. JAMES SEAVER PAGE.
Mr. President and Gentlemen :
HE President has stated wliat is true.
In the early part of the evening Judge
Van Hoesen came to me and said,
" Friend Page, won't you help us out of
a difficulty ? We have just received a despatch from
Chauncey Depew saying he could not be here,
and," said he, "he has such a chai-ming toast to
respond to it would seem as if you were just the
man to fill the biU now, and get an inspiration
from the moment." I reflected for a while, and said,
"Well, Judge Van Hoesen, I 'm of just so much Dutch
origin that I respect a command, and if you really
feel that some one ought to speak in his place, I shall
try to do what little I can to replace him ; but you
and I know full well there is no one who can replace
our Chauncey."
I remember hearing a most beautiful compliment
paid to that Chauncey concerning his having been
called upon to speak for the great Bartholdi statue.
The committee were looking for some one to respond
fittingly, and they asked George William Cm'tis to
210
take it. He thought the time — six weeks — -was too
short to prepare anything that would i-espond in
character and dignity to what the statue should re-
quire. After it had been declined by Mr. Ciu'tis, the
committee came to our busy Chauncey, railroad
president as he is, and within two short weeks of the
time when the speech was to be uttered, gave him
the opportunity of making that great oration. You
have heard and read it since, and you know what
a marvel of workmanship it was. I heard George
William Curtis say it was, indeed, a sm-prise to him
that any one living coidd show such marvelous mas-
tery of history to make the astonishing oration that
our busy Chauncey Depew did.
Therefore, you can easily see, Mr. President and
gentlemen, that one would feel more than ordinary
hesitation in attempting to represent an orator of
such a character and such dignity as our Chauncey.
And yet, modestly as I feel upon this occasion, I can
but say that I respect my Dutch blood sufficiently to
answer when the call has been made, and to utter
just a few little words in behalf of this toast which
has been assigned to Mr. Depew, namely, " The integ-
rity of Dutch officials."
I cannot understand by this that there is any in-
ference that there is no integrity in other officials,
but I assume that you make in that statement a com-
pliment to our own beloved city, inasmuch as the
former speaker has just said that in the future, at
least, if not at present, there will be none but Dutch-
men in office, there will be none but Dutch officials,
and therefore I can feel that certainly you are mak-
ing a statement of pride or uttering a feeling of sat-
isfaction at the officials of your own city.
211
Is it not possible that the Dutchman, with his
thrift, with liis power of acquisition, with his ability
to govern, is too indifferent to official life in New-
York, and allows the emigrant and the foreign repre-
sentative to capture the offices in the city? Is it not
time that we here to-night in this brilliant assembly,
each and every one touching the elbow, inquire
whether our troubles may not be in this want of ac-
tion. The sturdy Dutchman's blood, when thor-
oughly aroused, is equal to eveiy occasion, whether
financial or political. Perhaps the Dutchman's co-
lossal fortunes make him indifferent to the political
situation, and if so, we should learn this lesson
to-night, and remember, in the language of that
beautiful poet, Goldsmith,
111 fares the land to hastening ills a prey,
Where wealth accumulates and men decay.
Princes and lords may flourish, or may fade,
A breath can make them, as a breath has made ;
But a bold peasantry, their country's pride,
When once destroyed, can never be supplied.
And so, my fellow-Dutchmen, take home with you
the lesson to-night, if your city for any reason is
lacking in the dignity, in the honor, in the position
it should occupy, the fault lies perhaps more se-
riously with you than with any other men in the
community. This is the hour, this the moment when
each and every heart should kindle anew with pride
for this glorious city. The pictiu-e that has been
made to you of what is to become of this city, by the
former speaker, is one that should arouse in every
one new enthusiasm to do what he can toward de-
veloping that city.
The year 1893 is to mark the growth of the pro-
212
gress of our country. We are about to celebrate
the great national anniversary, and we are about to
witness a celebration that will surpass all your great-
est expectations. Is it not time that each and every
one representing this great metropolis, when he
moves to that great "Western city, and feels at once
the warmth of enthusiasm and the genial atmosphere
of that sunshine, should take with him the pride,
loyalty, and enthusiasm of his own beloved city,
New- York, and talk it up with zeal and vigor ? Is it
not time that each and every one should say to him-
self, " New- York is, indeed, my home, and I shall not
forget it when I am in the West" ? And when the wit-
nesses that grand, majestic building to do honor to
our great State of New- York, one of the proudest
and best buildings in the Exposition, let him be filled
with that enthusiasm that used to exist in New-
York, and say, " I am from New- York, and proud I
am that I come from that great metropolitan city."
Emulate this patriotism, and you wlU find that New-
York will not be cast aside or set aside in any re-
spect in comparison with these great, magnificent,
marvelous, growing Western cities.
Now, Mr. President and gentlemen, I really did
not expect to say a word to you to-night, and I feel,
after dinner, and especially at one o'clock in the
morning, with such eloquence as you have heard
here, I should not ask you to listen a moment longer.
But if I can send you home with just one little bit of
seriousness, with just one little thought laid away in
your minds, that perhaps you can do your share in
shaking up this great metropolitan city, I will have
done at least what I consider my duty upon this
occasion.
^y©/g/®/®/@/®/@/®/g/©/@/@.i/g,'®/@/©MW®/©/®/®/f/®/®/®M^1
T the stated meeting of the trustees held
March 30, 1893, Judge George M. Van
Hoesen feeliugly referred to the death of
Mr. Douglas Campbell, whose letter, read
at our last annual banquet, awakened so much
enthusiasm, and offered a resolution that Eev. Dr.
William Elliot Griffis should be requested to prepare
a sketch of Mr. Campbell for publication in the Year
Book.
It was also moved that Rev. Dr. Henry Van Dyke
be requested to prepare an expression of condolence
to be forwarded to the family of Mr. Campbell.
Both resolutions were adopted. As the Year Book
was about ready for publication, the time for prepa-
ration was very brief, but Dr. Griffis very kindly
consented, and sent the sketch on a few days' notice.
The secretary submitted it to Mr. William A. Camp-
bell, the eldest son of the historian, with the sugges-
tion that he should revise it and add any other matter
which would be of interest to his friends, and the
sketch is given herewith.
214
The portrait accompanying is from an old photo-
graph which was not considered satisfactory by his
family, but is the only one obtainable.
DOUGLAS CAMPBELL.
The author of the great work "The Puritan in
Holland, England and America," a book that marks
an epoch in American historiogi-aphy, began his work
with gifts of mind both hereditary and cultivated.
Added to these he had the peculiar advantage of
historic associations and environment. Perhaps no
American was better fitted for his task. He and his
forefathers were of the men who make history. His
great-grandfather. Colonel Samuel Campbell, was a
prominent figure in the Revolutionary period, being a
member of the Committee of Safety of Tryon County
and an officer of note, who distinguished himself in
command at the battle of Oriskany ; his grandfather.
Judge James S. Campbell, was a well-known juiist ;
his father. Judge William W. Campbell, was one of
the noted jurists of the State of New- York, and of
long and varied service. Fond of the study of his-
tory, Judge Campbell also wrote what, by acknow-
ledgment, is one of our best American local histories.
It is entitled " The Annals of Tryon County," and
covers the story of colonial and Revolutionary life in
central New-York. Douglas Campbell was born in
the year 1839, at Cooperstown, and spent his youth
amid the fascinating historical associations of Cherry
Valley. Here he lived at " Auchinbreck," the family
homestead, always owned by a Campbell, and so called
^
f^<KC^^^^fJ^-^
215
because the ancestor of the family in Scotland had
been in his own right Baron of Auchinbreck. In-
terested in the natural features and storied lands
made famous by the greatest confederacy of Indians
ever known on this continent, that of the Iroquois, or
Six Nations, his imagination and inherited tastes
were richly fed. How thoroughly also he became a
master of the colonial and Revolutionary history of
the sturdy settlers of central New-York, the Dutch,
the German, and the Scotch-Irish, is shown in the
address which he delivered at the erection of the
monument at Cherry Valley in 1877, reared to com-
memorate those who fell in the massacre by the
Indians and Tories. This brUliant and eloquent ad-
dress, profoundly philosophical, faithful by reflecting
the facts, and full of appreciation of the deeds and
character of the early settlers of New- York, may be
found in the volume entitled " Centennial Celebra-
tions in the State of New- York," compiled by the
Secretary of State.
Besides his education at the local schools and
academies, Douglas Campbell studied at Union Col-
lege, and was trained under that master educator.
Dr. Eliphalet Nott. He was graduated in the class
of 1860, in which were several who, like himself,
have since risen to fame and honor. At first Mr.
Campbell had the sacred ministry in view, but
on the breaking out of the war his ardent patriot-
ism led him at once to enter the military service of
the United States Government. He raised in his
native county of Otsego two companies for the
121st New- York Volunteers, General Amory Upton's
famous I'egiment, and, with the rank of captain,
joined the Army of the Potomac. He particularly
216
distinguished himself in the battles of Fredericks-
burg and Antietam, and rose to the rank of major
before disability compelled his retirement from the
field. His subsequent work was in recruiting and
the organization of the regiments which New- York
contributed to the Union army.
The war ended, he entered the Harvard Law School,
and was gi'aduated in due course. It was not until
1866, when he was in his twenty-seventh year, that
he was able to begin, in New- York city, his practice
of the law. For some years he was associated with
Judge Henry HUton; he then formed the law-partner-
ship of Campbell and Bell, and on its dissolution was
associated with the Hon. Edward Winslow Paige,
under the firm-name of Campbell and Paige. He was
an able and brilliant member of the New- York bar,
and soon attained a high standing, with a large and
lucrative practice. His successful connection with
the celebrated Jumel litigation, in pai^ticular, gave
him a wide legal reputation.
Mr. Campbell was deeply interested in the reform
of the New- York city government. He was one of
the committee of fifty, and at the head and front of
the movement which, in 1882, succeeded in wi-estiug
from the aldermen the power of confirming the
mayor's appointments.
Although active and prominent in public affairs,
and for many yeai's one of the well-known campaign
speakers of the Republican party, he would never
accept office.
Always public-siDii-ited, with disinterested devotion
for years he labored to secure the establishment of
the now noted Soldiers' Home at Bath, New- York.
So in public as in private life, he was ever practis-
217
ing philanthropy, ever seeking to extend and elevate
our civilization, ever striving to promote the truth.
Inheriting the literaiy tastes of his father, Mr.
Campbell's chief intellectual interest always lay in
historic study. When scarcely graduated from the
law school, he published in the "North American
Eeview " an article entitled " Climatic Influences as
Affecting Secession and Eeconstruction," which had
a marked success, being generally copied and exten-
sively quoted in the congi'essional debates. Later he
contributed much to the reviews, and delivered a
large number of historical addresses, many of which
are contained in the collection of " Centennial
Celebrations in the State of New- York," ah-eady
mentioned.
His gi-eatest effort, however, the crowning work of
his life, and that which especially entitles him to last-
ing fame, was his masterpiece, "The Puritan in Hol-
land, England and America." (It is quite unlikely
that this book, by which he has become so widely
known, would ever have been written, if a physical
disability, that did not entail any diminution of men-
tal vigor, had not some eight years ago compelled his
retirement from his work as a lawj^er, and left him
free for literary labors.) The work was issued June
15, 1892, and has ah-eady passed through five
editions. It is rightly entitled "An Introduction to
American History," and is intended to cast light
upon the origins of the American commonwealth,
and especially to show the large and influential part
which the Netherlanders and Dutch republic had in
the formation of the United States. The subject
matter of it had interested Mr. Campbell for years.
As he relates in the book itself, and as his friends
218
were well aware, early in life he had been struck, in
the course of purely professional investigation, with
the number and importance of American institutions
for which no counterpart could be found in Great
Britain. Hitherto, like nearly all American youth,
Mr. Campbell had read and accepted the history of
the United States as it has been generally written —
namely, that the United States is a transplanted Eng-
land, and that our institutions have come to us by
direct transportation or by natural evolution from
England. So collaterally with his other studies and
with his professional labors, he began the study of
the early history of New-York State, with the idea of
writing a monograph. His intense intellectual ciiri-
osity, stimulated by his experience in his legal in-
vestigations, moved him to search with painstaking
care among the early documents illustrating New-
York history. There Mr. Campbell found that almost
all things now integral parts of our social and polit-
ical system, which, we are generally taught, came to
us from England, really originated in the Netherland
republic. This led him upon a more extended
course of reading and research, which he eagerly
followed up on both sides of the Atlantic, and which,
after a number of years, took shape in his great work.
It has been given to but a few men in a century
to strike out a new tract, for the thought of a whole
people, for two whole continents, on a subject lying
in the superior walks of thought and over ground
where the best-furnished investigators of two great
nations have preceded them in the careful and pains-
taking research. With an entirely independent atti-
tude, Mr. Campbell entered upon his investigations
and stooped to gather up the key for unlocking the
219
secret of American origins, which all others who had
attempted the problem had neglected, although it
lay in plain sight from the first. In so doing he has
changed the point of view of the study of American
as well as of English history, and lifted himself to an
eminent place as an interpreter of human action and
national progress. In so doing, that he has conferred
a great and lasting benefit upon the world must be
conceded by all who adequately appreciate the impor-
tance of history in the advancement of mankind.
When the fruit of Mr. Campbell's labors was pre-
sented to the public, the result was a sudden and
striking success. No recent historical book has been
more eagerly discussed, and none more widely read.
An epoch-making work, its impoi'tance has been as
promptly recognized, and its conclusions as hotly
debated, in Europe as in the author's own country.
Happily, Mr. Campbell lived to see his woi'k issue
from the press and to enjoy its wondi'ous success.
Congi-atulations and commendations poured in upon
him from hosts of able scholars and reviewers. He
was invited by The Holland Society to address them
at their meeting. In a letter written from his sick-
room, which was read before the society and received
with enthusiasm, he suggested the erection, in the
Central Park, of a statue to William the Silent.
Apart from the many masterly criticisms of his great
work in America and the flattering commendations
of some of the most eminent men of England, among
whom was the Rt. Hon. William E. Gladstone, it may
be of interest to know that Mr. Campbell's work has
received the approval of the scientific historians of
Nederland. In "De Nederlandsche Spectator," No.
38, 1892, Professor P. J. Blok, probably the leading
220
historian of Holland at the present time, summing up
in a brilliant paragraph the actual facts in the Nether-
lands of the seventeenth centmy, shows that Mr.
Campbell's proof of the great debt which both the
English Commonwealth and the American Republic
owe to Holland is based on what actually existed in
the Dutch Republic and did not exist in England
during the same period.
It seems highly appropriate that one trained in the
democratic instincts of Scotland should have pre-
sented so forcible a picture of the great debt which
the young republic between the Atlantic and the
Pacific owes to the little republic behind the dykes,
which stood as the bulwark of freedom in the seven-
teenth century.
Great as is the work of Mr. Campbell, still greater
are the circumstances in which it was conceived and
composed. For years Mr. Campbell has been con-
fined to his home, often to his bed, with a painful
and progressive malady, an affection of the spine,
which made every movement torture and life a bur-
den. With the grave just before him and death star-
ing him in the face, Mr. Campbell produced an
immortalizing work when most men would have
yielded to what seemed the inevitable and died.
Heroism is the only word which characterizes the
achievement of this man.
He was ever a loving husband, a wise and loving
father, and a stanch friend. Dying in his fifty-
fourth year, his life shorter than allotted most men,
he departed honored and beloved universally.
Mr. Campbell married Harriet B. Paige, a daughter
of the late Judge Alonzo C. Paige, Schenectady,
New-York, who survives her husband. Two sons,
221
one of them a graduate of Yale College and the Har-
vard Law School, and following his father's pro-
fession in New- York, and two daughters also survive
the brilliant author of the well-named "Introduction
to American History."
Mr. Campbell was a member of the Presbyterian
Chiu'ch ; he also belonged to the Century and Union
League Clubs, the American Historical Society, the
Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United
States, and the Sigma Phi Fraternity.
His burial took place at Cherry Valley on March
10th, from the church in which his ancestors had
worshiped for one hundred and fifty years, and his
remains were laid beside theirs in the old historic
churchyard.
LIST OF MEMBERS.
A
Dec. 22, 1887 . . Acker, David Depeyster Santa Monica, Cal.
Mar. 28, 1889. .Acker, Franklin New-York.
Oct. 22, 1890. . Adriance, John Butler New Haven, Conn.
Dec. 22, 1887 . . Adriance, Francis Henry Pouglikeepsie, N. Y.
Dec. 22, 1887 .Adriance, Harris Ely Pelham Manor, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Adriance, Isaac Reynolds Pouglikeepsie, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Adi-iance, John Erskin " "
Dec. 22, 1887 . . Adriance, William Allen " "
Mar. 28, 1889. . Amerman, Benjamin Lander New -York.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Amerman, Frederick Herbert "
Dec. 20, 1886. .Amerman, Newton "
Mar. 30, 1893 . . Amerman, Richard Flatbush, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Amerman, William Henry Houghton New -York.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Amerman, William Libbey "
Mar. 29, 1888 .. Anthony, Richard Amerman "
B
Mar. 31, 1892. .Banta, Albert Franklin St. Johns, Arizona.
Oct. 22, 1890. . Banta, Charles Mount Vernon, N. Y.
AprO 6, 1886 . . Banta, Cornelius Vreeland RoseUe, N. J.
Oct. 22, 1890 . Banta, David Demarest Franklin, Ind.
Oct. 22, 1890 . . Banta, George Menasha, Wis.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Banta, George Aaron Brooklyn, N. Y.
April 6, 1886. . Banta, John New- York.
June 15, 1886 . . Banta, Theodore Melvin Brooklj-n, N. Y.
Mar. 31, 1892. Banta, William Henry Valparaiso, Ind.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Barhydt, George Weed Philadelphia, Pa.
Dec. 7, 1888 . , Barhydt, Thomas Low Schenectady, N. Y.
Nov. 17, 1885. .Bayard, Thomas Francis Wilmington, Del.
223
224
April 30
June 15
Dec. 23
Dee. 23
June 15
Dec. 22
Sept. 29
Oct. 29
Jan. 30
Mar. 29
Mar. 29
Dec. 7
Mar. 26,
Dec. 23
Dec. 29
Oct. 25
Mar. 29
Oct. 22
Mar. 28,
Jan. 30
Jan. 30
Dec. 7
Mar. 28
Mar. 29
Mar. 28
Oct. 24
Dec
Mar. 28
Mar. 29
Mar. 29
June 25
Oct. 27
Dec. 20
Mar. 27
Mar. 30
Oct.
Oct.
Oct.
Dec.
Oct.
Mar.
Oct. 25
Oct. 29
Sept. 29
June 15
Dec. 23
Dee. 22
, 1885 . . Beekmau, Gerard New -York.
, 1886 . . Beekman, Heni-y M. T Jersey City, N. J.
, 1885 . . Beekman, Henry Rutger New- York.
, 1885. .Beekman, J. William "
, 1886. .Beekman, John WoocUiuU Perth Amboy, N. J.
, 1887. .Bensen, Albert Van Voast Albany, N. Y.
, 1892 . . Bergen, Abram Winfred Cornwall, N. Y.
', 1891 . . Bergen, Edward Jacob Brooklyn, N. Y.
, 1890. .Bergen, Francis Henry New- York.
, 1888 . . Bergen, Frank Ehzabeth, N. J.
, 1888 . Bergen, Herman Suydam New- York.
, 1888 . . Bergen, James J Somerville, N. J.
, 1891. .Bergen, John W. H Brooklyn, N. Y.
, 1885.. Bergen, Tunis G " "
, 1892 . . Bergen, Tunis Hem-y New- York.
, 1886. .Bergen, Van Brunt Bay Ridge, N. Y.
, 1888 . . Bergen, Zaecheus New-York.
, 1890 . . Berry, John F Bath Beach, N. Y.
, 1889 . . BeiTy, Richard J Flatbush, N. Y.
, 1890 . Blauvelt, Alonzo New- York.
, 1890 . . Bleeeker, Anthony James "
, 1888 . . Bleeeker, James "
, 1889 . . Bleeeker, Theophylaet Bache, Jr "
, 1888 . . Bloodgood, Delavan Brooklyn, N. Y.
, 1889 . . Bloodgood, Francis Milwaukee, Wis.
, 1889 . . Bloodgood, Hildreth Kennedy New- York.
, 1888. Bloodgood, John "
, 1889 . . Bloodgood, Joseph Francis Flushing, N. Y.
, 1888 . Blydenburgh, Benjamin Brewster New- York.
, 1888 . . Blydenburgh, John Brower "
, 1885. Bogart, John "
, 1887. Bogart, Joseph Hegeman Roslyn, N. Y.
, 1886 . . Bogert, Albert GilUam New- York.
, 1889 . . Bogert, Andrew Demarest Englewood, N. J.
, 1887. .Bogert, Charles Edmund New- York
, 1887 . . Bogert, Edward Strong Brooklyn, N. Y.
, 1889 . . Bogert, Henry Augustine Flushing, N. Y.
, 1889. . Bogert, Henry Lawrence " "
, 1888. .Bogert, John G New- York.
, 1889 . . Bogert, Philip Embui-y Brooklyn, N. Y.
, 1888. .Bogert, Stephen Gilliam New- York.
, 1886. .Bogert, Stephen Van Rensselaer. New Brighton, N. Y.
, 1891. .Bogert, Walter Lawrence Flushing, L. L
', 1892. .Bonta, Frank Manley Syracuse, N. Y.
, 1886 . . Booraem, John Van Vorst Brooklyn, N. Y.
, 1885 . . Booraem, Louis Vacher Montelair, N. J.
:, 1887 . . Booraem, Theodore Bui-ges New Brunswick, N. J.
225
Oct. 24, 1885. .Boovom, Sylvester Daley Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oct. 29, 1891. Bradt, Samuel C Albany, N. Y.
Mar. 30, 1887. . Brevoort, James Ren wick Yonkers, N. Y.
Dec. 8, 1886 . Brinekerhoff, Alexander Gordon . ... BrookljTi, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887 . Brinekerhoff, Elbert Adrian New- York.
Oct. 24, 1889. . Briuekerlioff, Henry Waller Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 29, 1888 . . BrinckerLoff, John Henry Jamaica, N. Y.
Mar. 30, 1893 . . Brinkerhoff, Henry H., Jr Jersey City, N. J.
Mar. 31, 1892 Brinkerhoff, Robert Bentley Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889. Brink, Benjamin Myer Saugerties, N. Y.
June 15, 1886 . . Brouwer, George Howard New- York.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Brouwer, Theophilus Anthony "
Dec. 22, 1887. . Brower, Abram Giles Utica, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886. Brower, Abraham Thew Hunter New- York.
June 15, 1886. .Brower, Bloomfield "
Oct. 25, 1886 . Brower, Charles De Hart "
Mar. 26, 1891 . . Brower, Da^ad Brooklyn, N. Y.
Dec. 22, 1887. . Brower, John New- York.
Dec. 23, 1885. Brower, William Leverich New- York.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Bruyn, Augustus Hasbrouek Kingston, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Burhans, Charles " "
Oct. 24, 1889 . Biuhans, Samuel, Jr New-York.
Mar. 30, 1893 Burtis, Ai-thur Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 30, 1893 . . Bui-tis, Morse " "
Dec. 29, 1892 . . Burtis, Peter Phillips Buffalo, N. Y.
C
Mar. 27, 1890 . . Cadmus, Cornelius Ajidrew Paterson, N. J.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Cantine, Peter Saugerties, N. Y.
April 30, 1885. .Clearwater, AJphonso Trumpbour . . . .Kingston, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1885 . . Clearwater, Charles Knapp . ... Mount Vernon, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Clute, Jacob Winne Schenectady, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Cole, David Yonkers, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889 . Cole, Frank Howard " "
Mar. 29, 1888 .Conover, Alonzo Edward New- York.
Mar. 19, 1887. . Conover, Frank Bruen Freehold, N. J.
Mar. 29, 1888 . . Conover, Frank Edgar New-York.
Oct. 29, 1891 . , Conover, Frederic King Madison, Wis.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Conover, Garret B Englishtown, N. J.
Mar. 30, 1887 . . Conover, James Clarence Freehold, N. J.
Mar. 29, 1888. .Conover, .James Scott New- York.
Mar. 30, 1887. . Conover, John Barriclo Freehold, N. J.
Dec. 9, 1887. .Conover, John Livingston " "
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Conover, Richard Stevens New Brunswick, N. J.
Dec. 22, 1887. . Conover, Stacy Prickett Wickatimk, N. J.
Mar. 26, 1891 . . Conover, Warren Archer New- York.
Mar. 31, 1892 . . Cooper, Cornelius Stoutenbargh, Schraalenburgh, N. J.
29
226
Jan. 30, 1890 . . Cooper, Ebenezer Lane New- York.
Mar. 27, 1890 . Cooper, James C Eiver Edge, N. J.
Mar. 26, 1891 . , Cooper, John Henry New-York.
Jan. 30, 1890 . . Cooper, Washington Lafayette "
Oct. 25, 1886 . Cortelyou, Lawrence Van Voorhees, Poughkeepsie,N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Cowenhoven, John Bath Beach, N. Y.
June 15, 1886. . Coykendall, Samuel Decker Rondout, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . CoykendaU, Thomas Cornell " "
June 30, 1890. .Crispell, Charles Wiuegar " "
Mar. 26, 1891 . . Cronkhite, Aaron Hale Denver, Col.
Jan. 7, 1892 . . Cronkliite, Aaron Hale, Jr Denver, Col.
Mar. 30, 1893 . . Cronkhite, Justus Abraham Dallas, Texas.
Jan. 30, 1890. .Cruser, Matthias Van Dyke Brookljii, N. Y.
Mar. 30, 1887 . . Cuyler, CorneUus Cuyler New-York.
Mar. 30, 1887 .. Cuyler, Thomas De Witt Philadelphia, Pa.
D
Dec. 7, 1888 . . De Bevoise, George W New- York.
Jan. 30, 1890 . De Bevoise, George Pine Denver, Col.
Oct. 27, 1887 . . De Bevoise, Isaac C Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oct. 22, 1890 . . De Freest, Charles Rutger Troy, N. Y.
Mar. 30, 1887. De Graaf, Alfred Fonda, N. J.
April 30, 1885 . De Graaf, Henry Peek New- York.
June 25, 1885 . De Groot, Alfred Port Richmond, N. Y.
April 30, 1885. .De Groot, William New-York.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Delamater, Ezra Doane Hudson, N. Y.
Dec. 29, 1892 . . De Lano, William Ray New- York.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Demarest, John Jersey City, N. J.
Mar. 29, 1888 . . Denise, David Demarest Freehold, N. J.
April 30, 1885. . Depew, Chauucey Mitchell New- York.
Dec. 23, 1885 . . De Peyster, Frederick J "
Oct. 24, 1889 . . De Peyster, Johnston Livingston Tivoli, N. Y.
April 6, 1886. De Peyster, John Watts " "
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Devoe, Frederick William New- York.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . De Witt, Abraham Van Dyke Albany, N. Y.
Nov. 17, 1885. . De Witt, Alfred New- York.
Oct. 22, 1890 . . De Witt, Charles Adolphus Jersey City, N. J.
Oct. 24, 1889. .De Witt, Cornehus Norfolk, Va.
Oct. 22, 1890 . . De Witt, Da^^d Godwin Jersey City, N. J.
Mar. 20, 1891. . De Witt, Edward Pultz Middletown, N. Y.
Mar. 14, 1885. .De Witt, George G New- York.
June 25, 1885. .De Witt, Henry CHnton "
Dee. 23, 1885 . . De Witt, Jerome Binghamton, N. Y.
June 15, 1886 . . De Witt, John Evert Portland, Me.
Mar. 29, 1888. .De Witt, Moses J Newark, N. J.
April 30, 1885. .De Witt, Peter New-York.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . De Witt, Richard Varick Albany, N. Y.
227
Mar. 26,
Mar. 27,
June 25,
Mar. 26.
Mar. 26,
April 6,
April 30,
June 30
June 30,
June SO
Jan.
Jan. 30,
Jan. 30
Mar. 28,
Dec. 29,
Oct.
Mar. 31,
April
April
Mar. 29
Mar. 30,
Mar. 26,
Mar. 28
Oct. 2;
Mar. 28,
Mar. 26
Mar. 30,
Mar. 28
Oct
Nov. 17,
Oct. 24,
Oct. 24,
May 19
June 30
June
Dec.
Dec.
Mar.
Dee.
Jan.
Mar.
Dec.
Mar.
Nov.
Nov.
, 1891 . . De Witt, Sejnnoiu- Middletown, N. Y.
, 1890, .De Witt, Sutherland Elmira, N. Y.
, 1885. .De Witt, Thomas Dunkin Pelham Manor, N. Y.
, 1891. . De Witt, Thomas King Middletown, N. Y.
, 1891. .De Witt, Thomas May Cleveland, 0.
, 1886. . De Witt, William Cantine Brooklyn, N. Y.
', 1885. .De Witt, WiUiam G New-York.
, 1892. . Dey, Anthony "
', 1892. .Dey, Joseph Wan-en Scott "
>, 1892 . . Dey, Richard Varick San Francisco, Cal.
, 1892. .Deyo, Andi-ew Yonkers, N. Y.
', 1890. .Deyo, Jacob New Paltz, N. Y.
, 1890 . . Deyo, .Jerome Vernet Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
, 1889 . . Deyo, Peter West Superior, Wis.
', 1892 . . Deyo, Solomon Le Fevre New- York.
:, 1885. .DiUenbeck, Moms H "
, 1892. .Diugman, John Hem-y Brooklyn, N. Y.
, 1886 . . Ditmars, Abram Douwe New- York.
, 1886 . . Ditmars, Edward WUson "
, 1888 . . Ditmars, Isaac Edward "
, 1887. . Douw, Charles Gibbons Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
'<, 1891. .Du Bois, Brewster Graham Marlborough, N. Y.
, 1889 . . Du Bois, Cornehus New-York.
, 1886. .Du Bois, EUjah Kingston, N. Y.
, 1889. .Du Bois, Francis Latta Bridgetou, N. J.
,, 1891. .Du Bois, John Coert Hudson, N. Y.
, 1887. . Dumond, Cornelius J New-York.
, 1889 . . Dui-yee, Gustavus Abeel Newark, N. J.
, 1891 . . Dm-yee, Jacob Eugene ... New- York.
, 1885 . . Duryee, Joseph Rankin "
, 1889 . . Dui-yee, Joseph Woodard "
:, 1889. .Duryee, WiUiam Budington Freehold, N. J.
, 1887. . Dm-yee, William Rankin New Brunswick, N. J.
, 1892 . . Dyckman, Frank Hamilton Orange, N. J.
E
25, 1885. .Eckerson, Peter Q New-York.
7, 1888 . Elmendorf , Dwight L "
22, 1887. . Elmendorf, Joachim "
29, 1888 . . Ehnendorf , John Augustus "
7, 1888 . . Elmendorf, John Barker "
7, 1892 .Elmendorf, William Burgess Albany, N. Y.
30, 1887. .Elsworth, Edward Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
7, 1888 . Elting, Ezekiel Jan Yonkers, N. Y.
30, 1887. .Elting, Ji-ving Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
30, 1890. .Eltmg, Jacob Clintondale, N. Y.
30, 1890. .Elting, Jesse New Paltz, N. Y.
228
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Elting, Peter Jacobus Yonkers, N. Y.
Jan. 7, 1892. .Elting, Philip Kingston, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Esselstyii, Everett James New- York.
Mar. 29, 1888 . . Esselstyn, Herman Vedder Hudson, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Esselstyn, Jacob Broadbead Claverack, N. Y.
P
Oct. 25, 1886. .Fonda, Douw Henry Albany, N. Y.
Dee. 20, 1886. Fryer, Robert Livingston Buffalo, N. Y.
April 6, 1886 . . Fryer, "William John, Jr New- York.
G
Oct. 27, 1887. .Garretson, Garret James New-York.
AprU 6, 1886. .Goelet, Ogden "
AprU 6, 1886. . Goelet, Robert "
Mar. 30, 1887 . . Groesbeck, Edward Anson Albany, N. Y.
Mar. 26, 1891 . . Groesbeck, Harry Appleton New- York.
Dec. 22, 1887. .Groesbeck, Herman John Cincinnati, 0.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Groesbeck, Leonard Harvey Syracuse, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Groesbeck, William Chichester . . Lansingburgh, N. Y.
Nov. 30, 1890 . . GuUck, Alexander Reading New- York.
Mar. 31, 1892 . Guliek, Ai-natt Reading "
Nov. 30, 1890 . . Guliek, Charlton Reading "
Nov. 30, 1890 . . Gidiek, Ernestus Schenck Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Guliek, James Callbreath New- York.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Guliek, John CaUbreath "
H
Mar. 31, 1892 . . Hageman, Andi-ew James Somerv-ille, N. J.
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Hardenbergh, Abrani Jansen Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oct. 29, 1891 . . Hardenbergh, John Warren Jersey City.
Dec. 26, 1889. .Hardenbergh, Warren New Brunswick, N. J.
Oct. 24, 1889. .Haring, George Titus Allendale, N. J.
Mar. 27, 1890 . . Haring, Isaac Cornelius Mont Moor, N. Y.
Mar. 26, 1891 . Hasbrouck, Abraham Rondout, N. Y.
Oct. 22, 1890. . Hasbrouck, Alfred Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Mar. 27, 1890. .Hasbrouck, Alfred, Jr., Van Couver Barracks, Wash't'n.
Mar. 26, 1891. .Hasbrouck, Alvah Deyo Highland, N. Y.
Dec. 29, 1892. .Has Brouck, Daniel Andrew New Paltz, N. Y.
Dec. 20, 1886. Hasbrouck, Ferdinand New- York.
Dec. 20, 1886 Hasbrouck, Frank Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Oct. 22, 1890 . . Hasbrouck, G. D. B Rondout, N. Y.
Mar. 29, 1888 . . Hasbrouck, George Wickes New- York.
Jan. 7, 1892 . . Has Brouck, Howard New Paltz, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Hasbrouck, Isaac Edgar Brooklyn, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Has Brouck, Jacob De Puy High Falls, N. Y.
229
Oct. 25, 1886. .Hasbrouek, Jolin Cornelius New- York.
Mar. 30, 1893. .Hasljrouck, Joseph Dobbs Ferry, N. Y.
Jan. 30, 1890 . . Hasbrouek, Joseph Edwin Modena, N. Y.
Mar. 31, 1892. . Hasbrouek, Levi Ogdensbm-gh, N. Y.
Oct. 29, 1891 . Hasbrouek, Louis Ogdensbiu-gh, N. Y.
Mar. 27, 1890 . . Hasbrouek, Oscar Modena, N. Y.
June 30, 1892 . . Hasbrouek, Raymond De Lancey . . . Boise City, Idaho.
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Hasbrouek, Sayer Providence, R. I.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Heermance, De Witt Rhinebeek, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Heermance, Martin Poug'hkeepsie, N. Y.
Mar. 29, 1888 . . Heei-mance, WilUam Laing Yonkers, N. Y.
Jan. 30, 1890 . . Heermans, Forbes Syi-acuse, N. Y.
Mar. 31, 1892 . . Hegeman, John Roger New-York.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Hegeman, Johnston Niven "
Dec. 23, 1885 . . Hegeman, Joseph Perot New London, Conn.
June 30, 1892 . . Hoagland, Joseph C Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 30, 1887. .Hoes, Pierre Van Buren Kinderhook, N. Y.
May 19, 1887. Hoes, RosweU Randall Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 14, 1885 . . Hoes, William Myers New-York.
Jan. 30, 1890 . . Hoose, James Harmon Pasadena, Cal.
Dec. 20, 1886 . . Hopper, John Paterson, N. J.
Oct. 24, 1889. Hopper, John Hem-y " "
Dec. 20, 1886 . . Hopper, Robert Imlay " "
June 15, 1886 . . Houghtaliag, David Harrison Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Hoysradt, Albert Hudson, N. Y.
Mar. 30, 1887 . . Hubbard, Harmanus Barkaloo Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Hubbard, Timothy Ingi-aham Flatlands, N. Y.
Oct. 22, 1890. .Hulst, Edward Tompkins New- York.
Dec. 20, 1886 . . Hidst, George Dmyee Brooklyn, N. Y.
Dec. 20, 1886. .Him, Thomas Albany, N. Y.
Mar. 27, 1890. .Huyck, Edmund NUes " "
Jan. 30, 1890 . . Huyck, Francis Conklin " "
J
Mar. 14, 1885 .. Jacobus, Arthur Middleton New- York.
Mar. 26, 1891. .Jacobus, David Schenck Hoboken, N. J.
Dec. 22, 1887. .Jacobus, John Wesley New- York.
Oct. 29, 1891. .Jacobus, Melancthon Williams Hartford, Conn.
June 25, 1885. .Jacobus, Richard Mentor New- York.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Jansen, John Nathaniel Newark, N. J.
Dec. 23, 1885. .Johnson, Jeremiah, Jr Brooklyn, N. Y.
K
April 6, 1886. .Keteltas, Henry New-York.
April 30, 1885 . . Kip, Clarence Van Steenbergh "
AprU 30, 1885. .Kip, George Goelet "
230
Oct. 25, 1886. .Kip, Ira Andruss New- York.
Oct. 24, 1889 .. Kip, WiUiam Fargo "
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Kniekerbacker, David Buel ....... Indianapolis, Ind.
Dec. 22, 1887 Kniekerbacker, John Troy, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Kniekerbacker, Thoiuas Adams " "
May 19, 1887. .Knickerbocker, Edgar New- York.
Dec. 7, 1888 . Kouwenhoven, Francis Duryee Steinway, N. Y.
Jaa. 7, 1892 . . Kouwenhoven, Peter . Flatland Neck, L. I.
L
Oct. 25, 1886. .Lansing, Abraham Albany, N. Y.
Jan. 7, 1892 . . Lansing, Gerrit Yates " "
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Lansing, Isaac De Freest " "
Dec. 20, 1886 . . Lansing, John Watertown, N. Y.
June 15, 1886. .Lansing, -John Townsend Albany, N. Y.
Dec. 20, 1886. .Lansing, .Joseph Alexander " "
Oct. 24, 1889. Le Fevi-e, De Witt Chauncey Buffalo, N. Y.
Oct. 22, 1890. .Le Fevre, Jacob New Paltz, N. Y.
Mar. 27, 1890 . . LefCerts, John Flatbush, N. Y.
Mar. 27, 1890 . . Lefferts, John, Jr Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 26, 1891. .Lefferts, Robert Flatlands, N. Y.
Jan. 30, 1890 . . Leggett, WilUam James Belle\ille, N. J.
Mar. 30, 1887 . . Lodewick, Charles Casper Greenbush, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889 . Longstreet, Henry H Matawan, N. J.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Longstreet, Jacob Holmes Bordentown, N. J.
Mar. 28, 1889 ..Lett, James Van Der Bilt Brooklyn, N. Y.
Dec. 29, 1892 . . Lott, John Abraham, Jr Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889. Low, John W Middletown, N. Y.
April 6, 1886 . . Lydecker, Charles Edward New- York.
Jan. 7, 1892 . . Lydecker, John Ryer Bogota, N. J.
M
Mar. 26, 1891 . . Marseilles, Charles Exeter, N. H.
Mar. 30, 1887. .Marselius, Willard Charles Albany, N. Y.
Mar. 30, 1887. .MarseUus, John Syracuse, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . MarseUus, Max de Motte Passaic, N. J.
Mar. 27, 1890. .Meserole, Walter Monfort Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Messier, Remsen Varick Pittsbui-gh, Pa.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Messier, Thomas Doremus " "
April 30, 1885. .Miller, Peyton Farrell Albany, N. Y.
May 19, 1887. Miller, Theodore Hudson, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887. Montanye, George Edward New-York.
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Montanye, Lewis Foster "
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Montanye, WiUiam Henry "
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Morris, John Jacob Paterson, N. J.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Mott, Hopper Stryker New- York.
231
Mar. 28, 1889. .Myer, Albert James Buffalo, N. Y.
Jan. 7, 1892 , . Myer, Isaac New- York.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Myers, Audi-ew Gormly Fort Jones, Cal.
Mar. 28, 1889 . Myers, George Tobias Portland, Oregon.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Myers, John Gillespie Albany, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Mynderse, Herman V Schenectady, N. Y.
Mar. 14, 1885 . . Mynderse, WUhelmus New- York.
N
Mar. 27, 1890 . Nostrand, Frederick William New- York.
Oct. 24, 1889 .. Nostrand, George Englebert Bath Beach, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Nostrand, John Lott Brooklyn, N. Y.
O
Get. 24, 1885 . . Onderdonk, Andi-ew Joseph Brooklyn, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888 , . Onderdonk, Thomas William New- York.
April 30, 1885 . . Onderdonk, William Minne "
Sept. 29, 1892 ^ . Opdyke, William Stryker "
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Ostrander, Angelo PeekskiD, N. Y.
P
Nov. 17, 1885 . Paulison, John Paul Tenafly, N. J.
June 15, 1886. .Pentz, Archibald Maclay New- York.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Pen-ine, David Van Der Veer Freehold, N. J.
Mar. 30, 1887. .Polhemus, Abraham New- York.
Mar. 30, 1887. .Polhemus, Henry Ditmas Brooklyn, N. Y.
May 19, 1887. .Polhemus, Henry Martin New-York.
Mar. 30, 1887. . Polhemus, Isaac Heyer Newark, N. J.
Mar. 30, 1887 . . Polhemus, James Suydam New-York.
Mar. 27, 1890 . . Poucher, Johannes Wilson Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889. PraU, John Howard Newtown, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Prall, William Detroit, Mich.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . PraU, W. Moi-timer St. Louis, Mo.
Oct. 24, 1889 Provoost, George Bonsfiekl Dubuque, Iowa.
June 15, 1886. Provoost, John Moffat Buffalo, N. Y.
Oct. 29, 1891 . . Provost, Nelson Hackensack, N. J.
Mar. 28, 1889. Pruyn, Charles Lansing Albany, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Pruyn, Isaac CatsMll, N. Y.
Dec. 23, 1885. Pruyn, John Van Schaick Lansing Albany, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Pruyn, Robert Clarence " "
Oct. 25, 1886. . Quackenbush, Abraham New- York.
Dec. 23, 1885 . . Quackenbush, Abraham C "
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Quackenbush, Cebra Albany, N. Y.
April 6, 1886 . . Quackenbush, John Mahwah, N. J.
232
B
Mar. 30, 1893. .Rapalje, WiUiamson Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1885 . Rapelye, Augustus New-York.
Oct. 22, 1890 . Rappelyea, James P Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 27, 1890 . . Riker, Charles Edgar New-York.
April G, 1886 . . Riker, John Hancock ... "
April 6, 1886 . . Riker, John Jackson "
April 6, 1886 . . Riker, John Lawrence "
Dec. 29, 1892. .Riker, Richard "
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Romaine, De Witt Clinton "
Jan. 7, 1892 . Roome, John Van Buren, Jr "
Dec. .23, 1885 . . Roosa, Daniel Bennett St. John "
Oct. 27, 1887. . Roosa, De Witt Rondout, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Roosa, Hyman Kingston, N. Y.
Dee. 23, 1885. Roosevelt, Charles Henry New- York.
April 30, 1885 . . Roosevelt, Frederick "
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Roosevelt, James Hyde Park, N. Y.
Mar. 14, 1885. .Roosevelt, Robert Barnwell New- York.
May 18, 1887 . . Roosevelt, Robert Barnwell, Jr "
April 30, 1885. .Roosevelt, Theodore "
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Roosevelt, William Emlen "
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Rosevelt, George Washington Stamford, Conn.
Oct. 23, 1889. Rosevelt, Warren " "
Oct. 25, 1886. .Ryerson, Robert Colfax Caldwell, N. J.
S
Oct. 22, 1890 . . Sanders, William Nicoll SUl Albany, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Schanck, Samuel Mount Hightstown, N. J.
Oct. 27, 1887 Sehenck, Abraham Voorhees. . New Brunswick, N. J.
Oct. 29, 1891. . Sehenck, Archibald Alexander New- York.
Dee. 7, 1888 . . Sehenck, Caspar Norfolk, Va.
Mar. 31, 1892 . Sehenck, Charles Woodward Cream Ridge, N. J.
June 15, 1886. . Sehenck, Edward New-York.
Mar. 30, 1887. . Sehenck, Ferdinand Schureman Hudson, N. Y.
Mar. 29, 1888 . Sehenck, Frederick Brett New- York.
Jan. 7, 1892. . Sehenck, Henry De Bevoise Ridgefield, Conn.
Oct. 24, 1889. .Sehenck, Peter Lawrence Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Sehenck, Tennis New Utrecht, N. Y.
Oct. 29, 1891 . . Sehenck, William Edward Philadelphia, Pa.
Dec. 23, 1885 . . Schermerhorn, George Frederick . . Rutherford, N. J.
Dec. 20, 1886 . . Schermerhorn, James Maus New- York.
Dec. 22, 1887. . Schermerhorn, John Egmont "
Mar. 26, 1891 . . Schermerhorn, Louis Younglove .... Philadelpliia, Pa.
May 19, 1887. .Schermerhorn, Sunon J Schenectady, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886. . Schooumaker, Adi-ian Onderdonk New- York.
Dec. 23, 1885. . Schoonmaker, Augustus Kingston, N. Y.
233
Oct. 24, 1885 . . Schoonmaker, Frederick William New- York.
Oct. 25, 1886 . Schoomnaker, George Beekman "
June 25, 1885 . . Schoonmaker, Hiram "
Oct. 24, 1889. . Schoonmaker, James Martinus Pittsbitrgli, Pa.
Mar. 27, 1890 . . Selioonmaker, John Newbm-gh, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Schoonmaker, Joseph S Plainfield, N. J.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Schoonmaker, Lucas Elmendorf New-York.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Schoonmaker, Svlvanus Lothrop Pittsburgh, Pa.
Mar. 30, 1887. . Schoonmaker, William Davis New- York.
June 30, 1892 . Schm-man, Jacob Gould Ithaca, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Schuyler, Charles Edward New- York.
Dec. 22, 1887 . . Schuyler, Clarkson Crosby Plattsbui-g, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Schuyler, Gerald Livingston New- York
April 30, 1885 . . Schuyler, Montgomery Roosevelt "
Mar. 29, 1888 . . Schuyler, Pereival RajTnond Paterson, N. J.
Mar. 28, 1889. . Schuyler, Stephen West Troy, N. Y.
Oct. 22, 1890. , Schuyler, Walter Grinnell New- York.
Dec. 7, 1888. .Sickels, Da\ad Banks "
Dec. 20, 1886 . . Sickels, Hiram Edward Albany, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887. . Sickels, Robert New-York.
Jan. 30, 1890. . Skillman, Francis Roslyn, N. Y.
June 30, 1892 . Skillman, Joseph Hegeman Flushing, N. Y.
Mar. 26, 1891 . . Slingerland, George Wayne New- York.
Mar. 31, 1892 . . Shngerland, WUUam Han-is Slingerlands, N. Y.
Mar. 31, 1892 . . Slingerland, WUham Henry " "
Mar. 31, 1892 . . Slote, Henry Lowery New-York.
June 25, 1885. . Smidt, Allen Lee
Mar. 29, 1888. .Smidt, Frank Bishop "
June 25, 1885 . . Somarindyck, John William Glen Cove, N. Y.
June 30, 1892 . . Staats, Henry Taylor, Jr New- York.
Jan. 7, 1892 . . Stagg, Edward Leonia, N. J.
May 19, 1887. . Starin, John Henry Fultonville, N. Y.
Mar. 29, 1888. . Stevens, John Bright New-York.
Mar. 29, 1888 . . Storm, Edward Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
May 19, 1887. .Storm, Walton New- York.
Jan. 7, 1892. Stryker, Barent William . . Castleton-on-Hudson, N. Y.
Oct. 22, 1890 . . Stryker, Henry Cadmus Miuneapohs, Minn.
Oct. 22, 1890. . Stryker, Peter New- York.
Oct. 22, 1890 . . Stryker, Samuel Stanhope Philadelphia, Pa.
Dec. 20, 1886 . . Stryker, WdUam Hem-y Harrison Paterson, N. J.
June 15, 1886 . . Stryker, William Seudder Trenton, N. J.
June 25, 1885 . . Stuyvesant, Peter J New -York.
Sept. 29, 1892 . . Sutphen, Carlyle Edgar Newark, N. J.
Dec. 29, 1892 . Sutphen, Herbert Sands " "
Mai-. 28, 1889. Sutphen, John Henry ' Jamaica, N. Y.
Mar. 27, 1890 . Sutphen, John Schureman New- York.
Mar. 27, 1890 . . Sutphen, John Schureman, Jr "
234
Oct. 22, 1890. . Sutphen, Joseph "Walworth Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oct. 22, 1890 . . Sutphen, Paul Frederick Cleveland, 0.
Dec. 29, 1892. . Sutpken, Theron Yeomans Newark, N. J.
Oct. 24, 1885 . . Suydam, Charles Crooke EUzabeth, N. J.
Dec. 29, 1892 . . Suydam, George Henry Newark, N. J.
Dec. 23, 1885 . . Suydam, James New-York.
Dec. 23, 1885. .Suydam, John Fine "
Nov. 17, 1885 . . Suydam, John Howard Ehinebeck, N. Y.
Nov. 17, 1885 . . Suydam, Lambert New-York.
Dec. 7, 1888 . , Suydam, William Farringtou Hawley, Pa.
Oct. 29, 1891 . . Swartwout, Satterlee Stamford, Conn.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Swits, John Livingston Schenectady, N. Y.
T
April 30, 1885 . . Tappen, Frederick D New- York.
June 30, 1892 . . Teller, Hem-y Moore Central City, Col.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Ten Eyck, Jacob Hendriks Albany, N. Y.
Dec. 20, 1886 .. Ten Eyck, James " "
June 25, 1885. . Ten Eyck, Sandford Rowe New- York.
Dee. 23, 1885 . . Ten Eyck, Stephen Vedder "
Dec. 23, 1885 . . Ten Eyck, WUliam Hoffman "
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Terhune, Edward Payson Brookl^Ti, N. Y.
Jan. 30, 1890. .Terhune, Hemy Stafford Matawan, N. J.
Mar. 27, 1890 . . Traphagan, Henry Jersey City, N. J.
June 15, 1886. Truax, Charles Hem-y New-York.
April 6, 1886. . Truax, Chauncey Schaffer "
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Truas, James Reagles Schenectady, N. Y.
Mar. 30, 1893 . . Truax, John Gregory New-York.
Oct. 22, 1890 . . Truex, WiUiam Ellsworth Freehold, N. J.
V
Dec. 7, 1888 . Van Alen, William K San Francisco, Cal.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Van Allen, Charles Howard Albany, N. Y.
June 15, 1886.. Van Allen, Garret Adam " "
Mar. 14, 1885 . . Van Allen, Lucas L New- York.
Oct. 22, 1890 . .Van Allen, William Harman "
April 30, 1885 . . Van Alstyne, Andrew Chatham Centre, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Van Alstyne, Richard Henry Troy, N. Y.
April 30, 1885. .Van Alstyne, William New- York.
Mar. 28, 1889. .Van Alstyne, William Charles Albany, N. Y,
Mar. 30, 1887. .Van Antwerp, Cornelius Henry " "
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Van Antwerp, Daniel Lewis " "
April 6, 1886 . Van Antwerp, John Henry " "
Mar. 28, 1889 . Van Antwerp, Thomas Irwin " "
June 30, 1892. .Van Antwerp, William Clarkson New- York.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Van Antwerp, William Meadon Albany, N. Y.
235
Dec.
29,
1892
April
6,
1886.
Dee.
29
1887
Jan.
30,
1890.
Mar.
28,
1889.
April
30,
1885
Oct.
24,
1889.
Oct.
25,
1886
Jan.
7,
1892.
Dec.
7,
1888
April
30,
1885
April
30,
1885.
April
6,
1886
Mar.
30,
1887.
Nov.
17,
1885.
Oct.
24,
1889.
Mar.
14,
1885.
Mar.
27,
1891.
Deo.
23,
1885
Sept.
28,
1892.
April
30,
1887
Oct.
24,
1889.
Mar.
28,
1889
Dec.
23,
1885
April
6,
1886
Dec.
23,
1885
June 25,
1885
Dec.
22
1887
Oct.
27,
1887.
Dee.
23,
1885
June 25,
1885
Apri
6,
1886
Apri
30,
1885
Mar.
30,
1887
Oct.
22,
1890
Dee.
7,
1888
Oct.
29,
1891
Oct.
24,
1886
Oct.
29,
1891
Oct.
25,
1886
Mar.
31
1892
Mar.
27
1890
Oct.
25
1886
Dec.
20
1886
Dee.
23
1885
Jan.
30
1890
Mar.
14
1885
. Van Arsdale, Henry Newark, N. J.
. Van Ai'sdale, William James New- York.
. Van Auken, David H Cohoes, N. Y.
. Van Auken, James A New- York.
.Van Auken, Willard J "
. Van Benschoten, Eugene "
.Van Benthuysen, Charles Frederick . . . .Albany, N. Y.
. Van Benthuysen, Charles H " "
.Van Benthuysen, Walter New Orleans, La.
. Van Benthuj'sen, Watson " "
.Van Beiu-en, Frederick T New- York.
.Van Beuren, Henry Spingler "
.Van Blarcom, George Green Paterson, N. J.
.Van Blarcom, Jacob Craig St. Loius, Mo.
. Van Brunt, Arthur Hoffman New- York.
.Van Brunt, Charles Fort Hamilton, N. Y.
.Van Bmnt, ComeUus New- York.
.Van Brunt, Cornelius Bergen Bay Ridge, N. Y.
. Van Brunt, John Holmes Fort Hamilton, N. Y.
. Van Brunt, Ralph Albert Schenectady, N. Y.
. Van Bm-en, John Dash Newburgh, N. Y.
.Van Buren, Martin Amsterdam, N. Y.
. Van Busku-k, De Witt Jersey City, N. J.
. Van Busku-k, John R New- York.
. Van Campen, George Olean, N. Y.
. Van Cleaf , John Couwenhoven New- York.
.Van Cleef, Augustus "
. Van Cleef, Jacob Charles New Brunswick, N. J.
.Van Cleef, James Henry " "
.Van Cleef, Paul Dui-yea Jersey City, N. J.
. Van Cott, Alexander Hamilton New-York.
. Van Cott, Cornehus "
.Van Cott, Joshua Marsden "
. Van Cott, Lincoln "
.Van Cott, Richard "
.Van De Grift, Lewis Cass Wilmington, Del.
.Van Denbergh, Rutger Troy, N. Y.
.Van Denbergh, Walter L Amsterdam, N. Y.
.Vander Beck, George Howard Philadelphia, Pa.
.Van der Beek, Francis Isaac Jersey City, N. J.
.Vander Beek, Francis Isaac, Jr " "
. Vanderbeek, George Howard Allentown, N. J.
.Van der Beek, Isaac Pauhs Jersey City, N. J.
. . Van Der Bogert, George Ohlen New- York.
.Van der Hoof, Charles Albert "
. . Vanderpoel, Augustus Gifflord "
. . Vanderpoel, Augiistus H "
236
June 25, 1885 . . Van der Poel, Herman Wendell New- York.
Dee. 20, 1886. .Van dei- Poel, Jolm "
Dec. 20, 1886 . . Van der Poel, Samuel Oakley "
Nov. 17, 1885 . , Van der Poel, Waldron Burritt "
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Van der Pool, Eugene Newark, N. J.
Oct. 24, 1885 . . Van der Veer, Albert Albany, N. Y.
Dec. 20, 1886 . . Van der Veer, David Augustus Manalapan, N. J.
Mar. 14, 1885. .Van der Veer, John Reeve New- York.
April 30, 1885 . . Vander Veer, Lawrence Rocky Hill, N. J.
Dec. 7, 1888 Vander Veer, Mathew Hem-y Somerville, N. J.
April 6, 1886. .Van Der Voort, William Ledyard New-York.
Jan. 7, 1892. Van Deusen, Frank Montague Rondout, N. Y.
Mar. 14, 1885 . . Van Deventer, Charles Henry New- York.
Jan. 7, 1892 . . Van Deventer, David Provoost Matawan, N. J.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Van Deventer, George Mather New- York.
Dec. 8, 1888. .Van Deventer, James Thayer Knoxville, Tenn.
Mar. 26, 1891 . . Van Deventer, Thomas Lenox " "
Oct. 22, 1890. . Vandever, William Ventura, Cal.
Oct. 29, 1891 . . Vandevort, John Wesley Pasadena, Cal.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Van De Warker, Ely Syracuse, N. Y.
Dec. 20, 1886. .Van De Water, George Roe New-York.
Mar. 30, 1887. .Van De Water, John Walker "
Dec. 22, 1887. .Van Doren, Louis Otis
Mar. 29, 1888. .Van Dom, Daniel Polhemus Freehold, N. J.
Mar. 29, 1888 . . Van Dusen, Alnion Augustus Mayville, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Van Duyn, John Syracuse, N. Y.
Mar. 14, 1885 . . Van Duzer, Henry Sayre New- York.
June 25, 1885. Van Duzer, Selah Reeve Newburgh, N. Y.
Jan. 30, 1890 . . Vandyek, Heniy Lefler Rice Jersey City, N. J.
June 25, 1885. .Van Dyke, Henry New- York.
Dee. 7, 1888.. Van Dyke, Herbert "
April 6, 1886. .Van Dyke, Thomas Kittera Lewisburgh, Pa.
Mar. 28, 1889. .Van Eppis, Evert Peek Schenectady, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Van Etten, Amos Rondout, N. Y.
Mar. 30, 1887. .Van Etten, Edgar New- York.
Mar. 29, 1888. .Van Etten, Solomon Port Jervis, N. Y.
Jan. 7, 1892 . . Van Gaasbeek, Amos Corwin East Orange, N. J.
April 6, 1886. .Van Gaasbeek, Louis Bevier Kingston, N. Y.
Mar. 26, 1891 . . Van Gaasbeek, Wynford New-York.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Van Gieson, Aemon Pulaski Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Jan. 7, 1892. Van Gieson, Arzy Eben Upper Montclau', N. J.
Oct. 22, 1887 . . Van Gieson, John Banta Hackensack, N. J.
Mar. 26, 1891. .Van Gorder, Greenleaf Scott Pike, N. Y.
Jime 15, 1886 . . Van Heusen, Theodore Van Wyck Albany, N. Y.
Mar. 30, 1893 . Van Hoesen, Casper New- York.
Mar. 26, 1891 . . Van Hoesen, Edmund French Rochester, N. Y.
Mar. 14, 1885 . . Van Hoesen, George M New- York.
237
April 30, 1885 . . Van Hoesen, John William New -York.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Van Hoevenbergb, Hem-y Kingston, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889. .Van Hoevenberg, James Dumond. .N. Brighton, N. Y.
Jan. 30, 1890. .Van Horn, Charles French Philadelphia, Pa.
Mar. 30, 1880 . . Van Horn, Francis Charles Dedham, Mass.
Oct. 24, 1889. .Van Home, John Garret Jersey City, N. J.
May 19, 1887 . . Van Home, Stephen Van Alan New- York.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Van Houten, Daniel Berten "
Dec. 7, 1888. .Van Inwegen, Charles Francis Port Jervis, N. Y.
Jan. 30, 1890. .Van Kexiren, Cornelius New- York.
Oct. 27, 1887. -Van Kleeck, Frank Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Van Kleeck, Theodore " "
Mar. 29, 1888. .Van Kleeck, WilUam Henry New- York.
Mar. 26, 1891. .Van Loan, Andi-ew .' "
June 25, 1885. .Van Loan, Eugene Philadelphia, Pa.
Dec. 7, 1888. Van Loan, Henry Fau-bank New- York.
Oct. 24, 1889. .Van Loan, John "
Oct. 22, 1890. .Van Loan, Thomas Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oct. 29, 1891 . . Van Mater, Jacob Eapelye Washington, D. C.
Dec. 7, 1888. Van Name, Calvin Decker New-York.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Van Ness, Eugene Baltimore, Md.
Mar. 14, 1885 . . Van Ness, Russell New- York.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Van Ness, WiUiam Percy . . . Governor's Island, N. Y.
June 25, 1885 . . Van Nest, Alexander T New-York.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Van Nest, Frank Roe Newark, N. J.
Mar. 14, 1885. .Van Nest, George WiUett New- York.
Mar. 14, 1885 .Van Norden, Warner "
Mar. 28, 1889. .Van Nostrand, Charles Belden Brooklyn, N. Y.
May 27, 1890. .Van Nostrand, Gardiner Newburgh, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888. .Van Nostrand, Henry Duncan Jersey City, N. J.
June 25, 1885 . . Van Nostrand, John Everitt New-York.
Mar. 30, 1887. Van Nostrand, MarshaUR Ehzabeth, N. J.
Mar. 30, 1887 . Van Nostrand, Seymour " "
Mar. 28, 1889. Van Ohnda, James Edgar Brooklyn, N. Y.
Dec. 22, 1887. .Van Orden, Charles Hopkins Catskill, N. Y.
Mar. 14, 1885 . . Van Orden, Hem-y De Witt New- York.
Sept. 29, 1892. .Van Orden, Jacob Baraboo, Wis.
Jan. 30, 1890 . . Van Orden, Phihp Vemon Catskill, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Van Orden, Wilham " "
Mar. 14, 1885 . . Van Pelt, Gilbert Sutphen New- York.
Mar. 26, 1891. .Van Pelt, Jacob L Van Pelt Manor, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Van Pelt, John Van Der Bilt Bath Beach, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888. Van Pelt, Towusend Cortelyou " "
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Van Petten, John Bullock Claverack, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Van Reipen, Garret Daniel Jersey City, N. J.
Jan. 30, 1890. .Van Rensselaer, Cortland Schuyler New-York.
Mar. 14, 1885 . . Van Rensselaer, Kiliaen "
238
Oct.
25,
1886
Oct.
27,
1887
Oct.
27,
1887
Dec.
20,
1886
Mar.
14,
1885
Oct.
27,
1887
Mar.
14,
1885
Dec.
20,
1886
Oct.
27,
1887
Mar.
31,
1892
Dec.
7,
1888
Mar.
14,
1885
Mar.
14,
1885
Dec.
23,
1885
Jan.
30,
1890
Mar.
27,
1890
June 25,
1885
Mar.
14,
1885
Apri]
30,
1885
April
30,
1885
Mar.
31,
1892
Mar.
14,
1885
April
30,
1885
Oct.
27,
1885
AprL
6,
1886
Oct.
24,
1885.
Dec.
23,
1885
Mar.
31,
1892
Oct.
25,
1886.
Jan.
30,
1890.
Mar.
26,
1891
Mar.
30,
1887
Mar.
28,
1889
Sept.
29,
1892
Mar.
14,
1885
Sept.
29,
1892
Mar.
14,
1885
Max.
30,
1887
Dec.
20,
1886
Dec.
7,
1888
Oct.
24,
1889
Mar.
14,
1885
Oct.
27,
1887
Dec.
7,
1888
Jan.
30,
1890
Apri
30,
1885
June
15,
1886
.Van Renssellaer, Maunsell New- York.
.Van Reypen, Cornelius C Jersey City, N. J.
.Van Reypen, Wm. Knickerbocker Wasli'n, D. C.
. Van Riper, Cornelius Passaic, N. J.
.Van Santvoord, Abraham New- York.
. Van Santvoord, Hemy Staats Albany, N. Y.
. Van Santvoord, Richard New- York.
. Van Santvoord, Samuel McCutcheon . . . Albany, N. Y.
.Van Santvoord, Seymour Troy, N. Y.
Van Schaick, Benjamin Alexander. . Philadelphia, Pa.
. Van Schaick, Eugene New-York.
.Van Schaick, Henry "
. Van Schaick, Jenkins "
. Van Schaick, John Cobleskill, N. Y.
.Van Sickle, Jolm WaddeU Springfield, Ohio.
. Van Siclen, Arthur New- York.
.Van Siclen, Ferdinand Brooklyn, N. Y.
.Van Siclen, George West New-York.
.Van Sinderen, Alvan Howard Brooklyn, N. Y.
.Van Sinderen, William Leslie " "
. Van Slyck, C\tus Manchester Providence, R. I.
. Van Slyck, George Whitfield New- York.
. Van Slyck, Wdliam Hem-y "
.Van Slyke, Eugene Albany, N. Y.
.Van Slyke, Evert Catskill, N. Y.
.Van Slyke, Jolm Garnsey Kingston, N. Y.
. Van Syckel, Bennett Trenton, N. J.
. Van Syckel, Charles Sloan " "
Van Valen, James Monroe Hackensack, N. J.
. Van Valkenbm-gli, John Loucks Albany, N. Y.
.Van Valkenburgh, Joseph Dwight, Jr., Greene, N. Y.
. Van Vechten, Abraham Albany, N. Y.
. Van Vechten, Abraham Van Wyck New- York.
.Van Vechten, Charles Duane Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
. Van Vechten, Henry Clay New- York.
.Van Vechten, Ralph Cedar Rapids, Iowa.
. Van Vleck, Abraham Kip New- York.
. Van Vleck, Charles King Hudson, N. Y.
. Van Vleck, Frank Los Angeles, Cal.
. Van Vleck, Jasper New-York.
. Van Vleck, John Monroe Middletown, Conn.
. Van Vleck, Robert Barnard New- York.
.Van Vleck, William David "
. Van VUet, Benson Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
.Van Vliet, De Forest Ithaca, N. Y.
Van Vliet, Deuse Mairs New- York.
.Van Vliet, Frederick Christian Shrewsbury, N. J.
239
Dec. 20, 1886. .Van Vliet, Frederick Gilbert New- York.
Mar. 30, 1887. .Van VHet, Pm-dy "
June 25, 1885. .Van Vliet, Stewart Washington, D. C.
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Van VHet, WiUiam Downs Goshen, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Van Voast, James Cincinnati, O.
Dec. 23, 1885 .. Van Voast, James Albert Schenectady, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889. .Van Volkenbui-gh, Edward New- York.
Slar. 14, 1885 . . Van Volkenbm-gh, Philip "
Mar. 14, 1885 . . Van Volkenburgh, Thomas Sedgwick "
Jan. 7, 1892. .Van Voorhis, Eugene Rochester, N. Y.
June 25, 1885.. Van Voorhis, John " "
Nov. 17, 1885. Van Voorhis, Menzo " "
Dec. 22, 1887. .Van Voorhis, Richard Rochester, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Van Vorst, Abraham A Schenectady, N. Y.
JIar. 31, 1892. .Van Vorst, Diokiason Miller Jersey City, N. J.
April 30, 1885. .Van Vorst, Frederick Boyd New -York.
Mar. 29, 1888. .Van Vranken, Adam Tunis West Troy, N. Y.
Mar. 27, 1890. .Van Vranken, Edward Wheeler Brooklyn, N. Y.
Jan. 30, 1890 . . Van Vranken, Geo. Wilhamson . . Schenectady, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Van Vranken, Josiah New-York.
Dec. 22, 1887. .Van Vredenbm-gh, William Townsend... "
Dee. 20, 1886 . Van Wagenen, Bleecker "
Mar. 14, 1885. .Van Wagenen, George "
Dec. 7, 1888. .Van Wagenen, Heni-y William JMoiristown, N. J.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Van Wagenen, Hubert New- York.
Dee. 20, 1886 . . Van Wagenen, John Richard Oxford, N. Y.
Dec. 29,1892 .Van Wagenen, Peter Le Fever ..Poughkeepsie, N. Y.
Mar. 26, 1891. .Van Wagenen, Theodore F Denver, Col.
Nov. 17, 1885. .Van Wagner, Albert London, England.
Oct. 22, 1890 . . Van Winkle, Charies Philadelphia, Pa.
Mar. 14, 1885. .Van Winkle, Edgar Beach Litchfield, Conn.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Van Winkle, Frank Oldis Jersey City, N. J.
Nov. 17, 1885 . .Van Winkle, Isaac Cold Spring, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Van Winkle, John Albert Paterson, N. J.
Oct. 25, 1886.. Van Winkle, Stephen " "
Sept. 29, 1892. .Van Winkle, Waling Walingsen . Parkersburg, W. Va.
June 25, 1885. .Van Woert, James Burtis New- York.
June 25, 1885. .Van Woert, John Voorhees "
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Van Woi-mer, Jasper Albany, N. Y.
April 30, 1885. .Van Wormer, John Rufus New-York.
Dec. 23, 1885. .Van Wyck, Augustus Brooklyn, N. Y.
Dec. 22, 1887. .Van Wyck, Jacob Southart New- York.
April 30, 1885 . . Van Wyck, Jacob Theodoras "
Mar. 14, 1883. .Van Wyck, John H "
Mar. 30, 1893 . . Van Wyck, Philip Van Rensselaer, Jr "
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Van Wyck, Robert Anderson "
Dee. 29, 1892 . . Van Wyck, Robert White Brooklyn, N. Y.
240
Oct. 27, 1887. .Van Wyck, Samuel Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Van Wyck, Stephen Roslyn, N. Y.
June 30, 1892. .Van Wyck, William Brooklyn, N. Y.
April 30, 1885 . . Van Wyck, William Edward New- York.
Mar. 31, 1892. .Van Zandt, Henry Clay Schenectady, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888. .Van Zandt, MUton Burns New- York.
Oct. 24, 1889. .Van Zandt, Sigourney New- York.
Oct. 24, 1889.. Van Zandt, William T
Mar. 29, 1888. .Varick, Edgar Fitz-Randolph Roekville Centre, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Varick, George Clippinger Richmond, Va.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Varick, John Barnes Manchester, N. H.
June 25, 1885 . . Varick, John Leonard New-York.
AprO 30, 1885. .Varick, Theodore Romeyn "
Oct. 27, 1887. .Varick, William Woolsey Jersey City, N. J.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Vedder, Charles Stuart Charleston, S. C.
Mar. 26, 1891. .Vedder, Harmon Albert New- York.
April 30, 1885. .Vedder, Maus Rosa "
Mar. 30, 1887. .Vedder, Ransom Hollenback . Chatham Centre, N. Y.
Sept. 29, 1892. .Vedder, Wentworth Darcy Mansfield, Pa.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Veeder, Andrew Truax Schenectady, N. Y.
Mar. 31, 1892. .Veeder, Major Albert Lyons, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Veeder, Harman Wortman Schenectady, N. Y.
Mar. 29, 1888. .Veeder, Ten Eyck De Witt " "
Oct. 24, 1889. .Vermeule, AcU-ian New Brunswick, N. J.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Vermeule, Adi-ian, Jr " "
Oct. 24, 1889. .Verme\ile, CorneUus Clarkson New-York.
June 25, 1885. . Vei-meule, John D "
Jan. 30, 1890. . Ver Meulen, Edmund Carlyle Philadelphia, Pa.
Dec. 22, 1887. . VermHye, Marion Hoagland New- York.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Vermilye, Thomas Edward, Jr "
Dec. 22, 1887. . Verplanck, Philip Yonkers, N. Y.
Oct. 25, 1886 . . Ver Planck, Samuel Hopkins Geneva, N. Y.
Jan. 30, 1890.. Verplanck, William Edward New- York.
April 30, 1885 . . Ver Planck, William Gordon "
Dec. 7, 1888. .Viele, Egbert Ludovicus "
Jan. 30, 1890. Viele, John Jay Bronx\Tlle, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889. .Viele, Maurice A New- York.
Oct. 25, 1886. .Viele, Maiu-ice Edward Albany, N. Y.
April 6, 1886. .Viele, Sheldon Thompson Buffalo, N. Y.
Mar. 26, 1891 . . Visscher, Edward Willett Albany, N. Y.
Dee. 22, 1887.. Visscher, John Hayden Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Voorhees, Albert Van Brunt Bath Beach, N. Y.
Oct. 2i, 1889 . , Voorhees, Alfred M Brookljm, N. Y.
Dec. 22, 1887. .Voorhees, Anson Augustus Verona, N. J.
Mar. 26, 1891. .Voorhees, Charles Cohen Brooklyn, N. Y.
May 19, 1887. .Voorhees, Charles Hageman Rocky HUl, N. J.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Voorhees, Charles Holbert New Bi-unswick, N. J.
241
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Voorhees, Frank S Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889. .Voorhees, Frederick Nicholas Somerville, N. J.
June 30, 1892 . . Voorhees, Frederick Pentz New- York.
Oct. 22, 1890. Voorhees, Harry St. Louis, Mo.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Voorhees, James Amsterdam, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Voorhees, John Henry Mill Point, N. Y.
Mar. 29, 1888 . . Voorhees, John Huun Washington, D. C.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Voorhees, John Jacob Jersey City, N. J.
Jan. 30, 1890 . . Voorhees, John Newton Flemington, N. J.
Mar. 30, 1887. .Voorhees, Judah Back Brooklyn, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888. .Voorhees, Louis A New Brunswick, N. J.
Dec. 22, 1887. Voorhees, Peter L Camden, N. J.
Dec. 22, 1887 Voorhees, Peter Van Camden, N. J.
April 6, 1886 . . Voorhees, Theodore New-York.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Voorhees, Warder Washington, D. C.
May 19, 1887. Voorhees, WiUard Penfield New Brunswick, N. J.
Dec. 22, 1887.. Voorhees, WiUiamDilworth Bergen Point, N. J.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Voorhees, William K Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 30, 1887. . Voorhis, Augustus Marvin Nyack, N. Y.
Mar. 31, 1892. .Voorhis, Charles Henry Jersey City, N. J.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Voorhis, Jacob Greenwich, Conn.
Dec. 7, 1888.. Voorhis, John " "
April 6, 1886. .Voorhis, John R New- York.
Mar. 14, 1885. .Vosburgh, Benjamin Fredenburgh "
May 19, 1887. . Vosbui-gh, Fletcher Albany, N. Y.
May 19, 1887 . . Vosburgh, Miles Woodward " "
Mar. 28, 1889. . Vredenbm-gh, Alfred Purdy Bergen Point, N. J.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Vredenbm-gh, Edward Lawrence . . " "
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Vredenburgh, Frank " "
Mar. 30, 1887. Vredenburgh, William H Freehold, N. J.
Jan. 7, 1892 . . Vreeland, Comehus Derrom Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Vreeland, Josiah Pierson Paterson, N. J.
June 15, 1880 . Vroom, Garret Dorset Wall Trenton, N. J.
June 15, 1886. .Vroom, Peter Dumont San Antonio, Texas.
Dec. 20, 1886. . Vrooman, John Wright New- York.
w
Sep. 29, 1892. .Waldron, Cornelius Augustus Waterford, N. Y.
Jan. 7, 1892 . . Wandell, Samuel Hem-y Syracuse, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Wandell, Townsend New-York.
Oct. 27, 1887 . . Wemple, Edward Fultonville, N. Y.
Dec. 20, 1886. Wendell, Benjamin Rush. New- York.
Mar. 30, 1887. Wendell, Burr Cazenovia, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1885. . Wendell, Evert Jansen New- York.
Mar. 28, 1889. .Wendell, Frederick Fox Fort Plain, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887. Wendell, Gordon New- York.
Mar. 14, 1885. . Wendell, Jacob "
31
242
Oct. 29, 1891 . . "Wendell, Jacob, Jr New-York.
Mar. 28, 1889. .WendeU, Jacob Irving Albany, N. Y.
Dec. 7, 1888 . . Wendell, Jobn Dunlap Fort Plain, N. Y.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . WendeU, Menzo Edgar Troy, N. Y.
Dec. 20, 1886. .Wendell, Ten Eyck New- York.
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Wendell, Willis Amsterdam, N. Y.
Dee. 7, 1888. . Wessell, Charles New-York.
Mar. 26, 1891 . . WesseU, Charles Alonzo "
April 30, 1885 . . Westervelt, John Calvin "
Mar. 31, 1892 .Westervelt, Otto Wilhelm Pollitz Piermont, N. Y.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Whitbeck, Andrew J New- York.
Oct. 22, 1890. .WUliamson, Cornelius Tunis Newark, N. J.
Mar. 28, 1889. .Williamson, Henry Veight New- York.
Sep. 29, 1892 . . Winne, Charles Kniekerbacker . . . Fort SneUing, Minn.
Oct. 24, 1889 . . Winne, Charles Visscher Albany, N. Y.
Mar. 27, 1890 . . Witbeck, Clark Schenectady, N. Y.
Dec. 20, 1886 . . Wortman, Denis Saugerties, N. Y.
Mar. 3D, 1887. . Wyckoff, George Henry New- York.
Oct. 24, 1885. .Wyckoff, Peter Brooklyn, N. Y.
Oct. 22, 1890. .Wyckoff, Peter B New- York.
Mar. 30, 1887. . Wyckoff, WiUiam Forman Brooklyn, N. Y.
Mar. 14, 1885. . Wynkoop, Gerardus Hilles New- York.
June 25, 1885 . . Wynkoop, James Davis "
Z
Mar. 28, 1889 . . Zabriskie, Albert Stephen Sufferns, N. Y.
Oct. 27, 1887. .Zabriskie, Andrew Christian New- York.
Mar. 26, 1892. Zabriskie, George A "
Jan. 7, 1892 . . Zabriskie, Josiah H Mount Vernon N. Y.
IN MEMORIAM.
Date op Date of
Election. Death.
Acker, Charles L New-York Dec. 7, 1888. .May 26, 1891
Acker, David D New-York Oct. 27, 1887. .Mar. 23, 1888
Adriance, John P Poughkeepsle, N. Y . Dec. 22, 1887. .June 18, 1891
Booraem, Henry Lionau N. Brunswick. N. J.June 15, 1886. .April 9, 1892
Brinckerhoff, Van Wyck New- York June 15, 1886 . . Feb. 25, 1892
Bro.ss, WaUam Chicago, 111 Dec. 8, 1888.. Jan. 28, 1890
Conover, Charles E Middletown, N. J Dec. 7, 1888. .Jan. 9, 1891
De Kay, Sidney New Brighton, N. Y.Mar. 30, 1887. .Aug. 30, 1890
De Witt, George G Nyack, N. Y April 6, 1886. .April 22, 1891
Du Bois, Coert New-York Oct. 27, 1887. . Jan. 1, 1891
Du Bois, Eugene W. N. Brig'n, N. Y..Mar. 30, 1887. .June 26, 1891
Duryea, Samuel Bowne Brooklyn, N. Y Nov. 30, 1890 . . June 7, 1892
Ehnendorf, NicoU Floyd New- York Mar. 28, 1889. .Nov. 25, 1890
Port, Peter Van Vranken Albany, N. Y Dec. 7, 1888. .Dec. 13, 1891
Garrison, William Dominick New-York Mar. 29, 1888 . . Dec. 2, 1892
Hardenbergh, Augustus A Jersey City, N. J Oct. 25, 1886. Oct. , 1889
Hardenbergh, Louis V. D Brooklyn, N. Y Dec. 22, 1887. .Jan. 4, 1890
Heennans, Thomas Beekman Syracuse, N. Y Jan. 30, 1890. . Dec. 1, 1892
Hegeman, W. A. Ogden New-York April 30, 1885 . . Dec. 24, 1888
Hoysradt, Jacob W Hudson, N. Y June 25, 1885 . . Nov. 15, 1890
Hun, Leonard G Albany, N. Y Dec. 20, 1886. Mar. 11, 1891
Lansing, Charles B Albany, N. Y Oct. 25, 1886.. Dec. 1, 1890
Lansing, Edward Y Albany, N. Y Oct. 25, 1886 . . Mar. 8, 1889
Lett, Abraham Brooklyn, N. Y Dec. 23, 1885. Jan. 13, 1889
Low, Henry R Middletown, N. Y. . .Mar. 29, 1888. . Dec. 1, 1888
Mynderse, Barent Arent Schenectady, N. Y . . Dec. 20, 1886 . . Oct. 2, 1887
Pruyn, Peter Van Schaick Kinderhook, N. Y...Oct. 25, 1886. .May 2, 1891
Ostrander, Stephen M Brooklyn, N. Y June 25, 1885 . . Nov. , 1885
Quackenbush, James W Hackensack, N. J. . . Dec. 23, 1885. Mar. 6, 1886
Bapelye, Cornelius Astoria, N. Y May 19, 1887. .Nov. 20, 1890
Riker, James Waverly, N. Y Mar. 28, 1889. .July 3, 1889
Roosevelt, Cornelius Van Schaick. South Orange, N. J.April 30, 1885.. Sept. 30, 1887
Roosevelt, Henry Everett New-York Deo. 23, 1885. .April 29, 1890
Roosevelt, Nicholas Latrobe New-York Dec. 23, 1885. .Dec. 13, 1892
Ry erson, Martin John Bloomingdale, N.J. April 6, 1886 . . July 30, 1889
Sanders, Jacob Glen Albany, N. Y Dec. 7, 1888. .Sept. 28, 1891
Schenck, Henry Jacob New-York April 30, 1885 . . Dec. 30,' 1889
Schenck, Junius Brooklyn, N. Y Mar. 26, 1891 . . Feb. 15, 1892
Schermerhorn, John Schenectady, N. Y..Dec. 22, 1887. .Jan. 27, 1890
Schoonmaker, Cornelius Marius. . Kingston, N. Y Oct. 25, 1886. .Mar. 15, 1889
Schuyler, Garret Lansing New-York April 30, 1885 . . April 20, 1889
Schuyler, George Washington .... Ithaca, N. Y Dec. 20, 1886 . . Mar. 29, 1888
243
244
Date of Date or
EtEcrroN. Death.
Stevens, John Baker New-York Mar. 29, 1888. .June 10, 1891
Storm, Thomas New-York May 19, 1887. .May 1, 1890
Suydam, John H New-York Dec. 22, 1887. .Jan. 8, 1890
TeUer, Henry W Pompton Pl'ns, N. J.Oct. 27, 1887. .July 2, 1891
Ten Eyck, Henry James Albany, N. Y Oct. 27, 1887. .Nov. 29, 1887
Van Auken, Edward Electus New- York Mar. 14, 1885. .April 29, 1892
Van Benschoten, Samuel Brooklyn, N. Y Dec. 23, 1885. .Mar. 12, 1892
Van Benthuysen, Clarence B New- York June 25, 1885. .July 18, 1887
Van Benthuysen, Edgar New Orleans, La Mar. 28, 1889. .Mar. 21, 1890
Van Buren, John D Newbui-gh, N. Y . . . . Mar. 14, 1885 . . Dec. 1, 1885
Vander Beek, Isaac I Jersey City, N. J . . . . April 6, 1886 . . Feb. 8, 1893
Vander Bogert. Giles Yates Schenectady, N. Y . . Oct. 25, 1886 . . Nov. 4, 1892
Vanderpoel, Aaron J New-York June 25, 1885 . . Aug. 22, 1887
Vander Veer, Peter Labagh Santa F^, N. M Oct. 25, 1886. .Mar. 16, 1893
Van Deventer, Hugh B New-York Mar. 29, 1888. .April 27, 1891
Van Dusen, Abram Bovee New-York June 25, 1885 . . Dec. 19, 1889
Van Dyck, Henry H New-York Mar. 14, 1885. Jan. 23, 1888
Van Dyke, Henry Jackson Brooklyn, N. Y Nov. 17, 1885 . . May 25, 1891
Van Kleeck. Edward Poughkeepsie, N. Y.Jan. 30, 1890. .Nov. 13, 1890
Van Nostrand, David New-York Mar. 14, 1885. .June 14, 1886
Van Nostrand, Garret Nyack, N. Y AprO 6, 1886. .June 15, 1891
Van Nostrand, John J Brooklyn, N. Y Dec. 7, 1888 . . Jan. 7, 1889
Van Schaick, Anthony G Chicago, 111 Oct. 22, 1890 . . Oct. 13, 1891
Van Slyck, Nicholas Providence, R. I . . . . April 6, 1886 . . Mar. 3, 1892
Van Slyke, George Washington. . .Albany, N. Y Oct. 25, 1886. .Aug. 11, 1891
Van Vlack, George W Palatine B'dge, N. Y . Dec. 8, 1888 . . Sept. 7, 1890
Van Voorhis, Bartow White New-York June 25, 1885. . Api-il 27, 1888
Van Voorhees, EUas William New-York June 25, 1885. .Sept. 21, 1892
Van Vorst, Gardiner Baker New-York June 22, 1885. .Feb. 5, 1889
Van Vorst, Hooper Gumming . . . .New- York June 25, 1885. .Oct. 26, 1889
Van Vorst, John . . Jersey City, N. J. . . .Dec. 23, 1885. .Feb. 4, 1887
Van Wagenen, Gerrit Hubert, .... Bye, N. Y Dec. 20, 1886.. Mar. 28, 1893
Van Wagner, John Nelson Troy, N. Y Mar. 28, 1889 . . Feb. 7, 1892
Van Winkle, John Waling Passaic, N. J Mar. 30, 1887. .Nov. 2, 1889
Van Woert, John Voorhees New- York June 25, 1885. .Jan. 24, 1889
Van Wyck, Benjamin Stevens . . .New-York Dec. 23, 1885. .Aug. 31, 1888
Van Wyck, John Thurmau New-York Mar. 14, 1885. .Nov. 23, 1886
Van Wyck, William New-York Mar. 14, 1885 , . May 28, 1887
Van Wyck, William Harrison . . . .New-York Dec. 23, 1885. .Nov. 15, 1891
Varick, Theodore Bomeyn Jersey City, N. J. . . .Mar. 14, 1885. .Nov. 23, 1887
Vemiilye, Jacob Dyckman New-York AprU 30, 1885. .Jan. 2, 1892
Vermilye, Theo. Chardavoynu Tompkinsville, N. Y.May 19, 1887. .Mar. 31, 1889
Visscher, John Barent Albany, N. Y Mar. 30, 1887. .Jan. 31, 1890
Voorhees, John Enders Amsterdam, N. Y. . .Oct. 27, 1887. .Nov. 26, 1889
Voorhees, WUliam Brownlee Blaumenburgh, N. J.Oct. 29, 1891. .June 13, 1892
Voorhis, William Nyack, N. Y April 6, 1886. .Jan. 4, 1890
Vredenburgh, Alfred Bayonne, N. J Mar. 28, 1889. .Oct. 11, 1892
Westbrook, Theodore Bomeyn Kingston. N. Y Mar. 14, 1885. .Nov. 1885
Wynkoop, Augustus W Kiuderhook, N. Y. . .Mar. 14, 1885. .Aijril 18, 1886
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