Robert E. Gross
Collection
A Memorial to the Founder
of the
Business Administration Library
Los Angeles
t
THE
YEARLY JOURNAL OF TRADE,
1837-8:
COMPRISING
Laws of Customs and Excise.
Treaties akd Conventions with Foreion
Powers.
Tariffs of United Kingdom, Russia, Monte
Video, &c.
Parliamentary Speeches and Papers.
Proclamations, Orders in Council and op
Government Boards.
Keports of Law Cases.
Translations of Foreign Documents.
Duties of Lights, Buoys, &c.
Dock Rates, Pilotage, &c.
Notices to Mariners,
Stamp and Postage Duties.
Descriptions of Foreign Articles of Meh.
chandise.
E.xcHANOEs, Moneys, Weights and Mea-
SUBES.
A SKETCH OF THE ORIGIN AND PROGRESS OF TRADE,
AND
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,
NOT TO BE FOUNn IN ANY WORK BESIDES.
ACCOMPANIED BY A MAP.
THE statutes brought DOWN TO THE CLOSE OF THE SESSION OF PARLIAMENT, 1 Victoria:
THE LAW CASES TO MICHAELMAS TERM; AND THE OTHER PARTS TO DECEMBER, 1837.
(Z^ntJcr t\)t iSpecial Sanction of t^oberiimcnt.
EDITED BY CHARLES POPE,
COMPTROLLER OF ACCOUNTS IN THE PORT OF BRISTOL; FORMERLY PRINCIPAL SECRETARTt
TO THE CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD OF CUSTOMS ; AND COMPILER OF
THE " IMPORT AND EXPORT GUIDE."
SEVENTEENTH EDITION.
The Haroest of the River is her Revenue, and she is a Mart of Nations,"— laal\h.
LONDON:
THORP AND GRAHAM,
BOOKSELLEKS AND WHOLESALE STATIONERS, JEWRY STREET, ALDGATE.
TO BE HAD AT THE OFFICE, 25, ST. SfFITHIN'S LANE:
At every Custom House tluoughout the Biitish Dominions ; an<l at every Office
of the British Consul in Foreign Ports.
Price to Subscriliers, Five Shii.i.ikgs Sewed ; to Non-Suliscribers, Seven Shimkng? and Sixpence.
/
London •
Printed by W. Ci.owks and Sons,
Stamford Street.
Entered at Stationers' Hall.
Gross Co!!cctidn
Bus., Adm. Lib.
ADDRESS.
TRIDENS NEVTUNI SCEPTRUM MUNDI,
Various are the Annuals of Politics, Arts, and Sciences ; yet of Trade
and Manufactures — the foundation of the Wealth of the Country — there
is none save that of " The Yearly Journal of Trade." A fit medium,
therefore, for diffusing knowledge of the general and important character
now contemplated, is consequently much wanted.
Many are the Fiscal Regulations of which scarcely anything is known
in the Commercial World. " The wonder," as remarked in the Edin-
burgh Review, " is, not that Merchants should sometimes calculate
wrong, but that they should ever calculate right."
To obviate this state of things is the design of " The Yearly Journal
of Trade."
The main points in view aro, to give an Annual Expose of the State
of Trade and Manufactures in general, —
" To hold, as 'twere, the mirror up to Commerce,''*
—to show Merchants and others the bearings of each case, that by com-
parisons they may ascertain the state of established Markets, and where
to seek new ones. Ancillary to this are described whence and in what
Ships— how manned and navigated — and in M'hat packages Goods may
be Imported — how Goods may be Warehoused — what Duties are to be
paid — how Goods may be Exported — what Drawbacks and Bounties
granted — also to supply a Synopsis of the other British and h'ish Regu-
lations touching Merchants, Ship Owners, Brokers, and all Persons
concerned in Maritime Affairs — besides which. Translations of Foreign
Documents of considerable importance to Commerce are occasionally
introduced. Brief descriptions of the nature and uses of Foreign Articles
of Merchandise, and some account of Exchanges, Moneys,* Weights,
and Measures, are likewise supplied. So that the Trader, whether in
this Country or Abroad, shall not need to seek elsewhere for information
on these multifarious topics. Like the Alchymist, the Editor hopes he
has separated the pure metal from the ore, and thus brought the whole
into a comparatively small compass.
Although the Journal is intended primarily for the use of the Classes
before-mentioned, still it is hoped that it may also be consulted with
advantage by the Public Functionary, as well as by the Statesman and
Legislator; in short, by every one who desires to be placed on a level
with the best-informed persons on the Trade of the Country,
* In cases whprein no Returns have yet been received from Correspondents on (lie cpot, tlie
information on these matters has been ileiived from " Tate's, Modern Cambist,^' as boin? tlie best
book of the sort. Mr. Tate, it is understood, keeps a )iif;hly respectable Mathematical School
at Liverpool.
a 2
1621281
iV ADDRESS.
The Editor has, on previous occasions, experienced the kind attentions
of various Men in power, of all Parties, amongst whom he has the honour
to enumerate, as one of his earliest Patrons, the Earl of Ripon,— also
Lord Bexley, Mr. Goulburn, and Mr. Herries — former Chancellors of the
Exchequer — but especially the present Chancellor, Mr. Spring Rice.
In London there are about a thousand Subscribers, in Bristol nearly
seven hundred ; altogether about Five Thousand. — Promises of support
after the publishing of the Work have been very numerous. — Indeed, in
every respect the Editor's most sanguine hopes have been surpassed.
For the courtesy he has experienced from All, he begs to tender his
grateful Acknowledgments. That this high and honourable support
M'ill continue to increase, the Editor cannot suffer himself for a moment
to doubt, when he considers that he appeals to the Public as the humble
Drudge— the Pioneer — to clear the Path through which they may extend
their Commerce and increase their Wealth.
EXTRACT OF A LETTER WRITTEN BY ORDER OF THE
CHANCELLOR OF THE EXCHEQUER.
Sm, Downing-street, March 14, 1836.
I am desired by the Chancellor of the Exchequer to assure you that he enter-
tains a very high opinion of the value of your works ; and that he should have
great pleasure in stating that opinion to any one who may, of his own accord, or
at your suggestion, speak to him on the subject.
I have the honour to be, Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
C. Pope, Esq. (Signed) S. SPRING RICE.
*** The Publication has been considerably delayed, chiefly with a view
to insert the new Treaty with the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, and other
fresh and important matter, of which there will be found abundance. To
this end the limits of the Journal have, at a very heavy expense, been
greatly extended, without any increase whatever in the price originally
fixed either for the Subscribers or the Public.
CONTENTS,
GENERAL INDEX, Page 419.
Page
Address '.
Letter from the Chancellor of
the Exchequer . . . iv
Contents . . . . v
Official Correspondence . ix
Authorities . . . . ix
Character of the Work . ix
Abbreviations . . . xi
Construction in General . xii
To Correspondents . . . xii
Introductoiy Sketch of the Rise
and Progress of Trade, espe-
cially showing its State and
Prospects in 1S37 . . . xiii
Miscellaneous Information, viz. : —
Origin of Money and Nature of
Exchange .... xxii
English Funds and Foreign
Stocks .... xxiii
An Account of the net Produce
of the Revenue of Great Bri-
tain ..... xxvii
An Account of the Imports of
the Principal Articles of Fo-
reign and Colonial Merchan-
dise ..... xxviii
An Acount of the Exports of
the Principal Articles of Fo-
reign and Colonial Merchan-
dise ..... xxxi
An Account of the Number and
Tonnage of Vessels Entered
Inwards and Cleared Outwards xxxii
An Account of the Exports of
the Principal Articles of Bri-
tish and Irish Produce and
Manufactures . . . xxxiii
An Account of the Duty on Hops xxxiii
Tables of Comparison with Fo-
reign Weights and Measures xxxiv
List of British Ministers Abroad xxxv
Foreign Ministers in Eng-
land . . . xxxvi
Governors of British Colo-
nies .... xxxvii
British Consuls Abroad xxxvii
■ Navy and Prize Agents in
London . . . xxxix
— — Agents for Officers of the
Royal Marines . . xxxix
< Licensed Navy Agents for
Petty Officers and Sea-
nien , . t • xxxix
Page
List of Army Agents . . xl
G enerai Agents for Recruit-
ing Service . . xl
Parliamentary Agents . xl
Banks in London . . xl
Bankers in London . . xl
Public General Statutes
passed in the Session 7
Will. IV., and 1 Vic-
toria, 1837 . . . xlii
Works which have been
quoted or consulted . xlvi
List of Subscribers . . . xlix
PART I.
Navigation .... I
Ships and Boats . . 5
Piracy ..... 16
Salvage .... 16
Naval Registration . . 19
Sea Apprentices . . 20
Passengers .... 24
Smuggling ... 27
PART II.
United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ire/and.
Imports, viz. : —
Report and Entry ... 38
Damaged Goods . . 38
Valuation of Goods . .38
Manifests ... 38
Reciprocity System ... 44
Duties, Drawbacks, &c. . 45
PART III.
United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland.
Exports . . . .158
PART IV.
United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland.
Coastwise . , . .176
PART V.
United Kiiigdum of Great Britain
and Ireland.
London Tonnage Rates . .177
Lights, Buoys, &c. . . 1 78
Dock Rates, viz.: —
London . . . ,181
St. Katharine ... 184
West India . . . .135
VI
CONTENTS.
[1837-8.
Pilots
Liverpool
Bristol
Hull .
Page
188
192
192
191
PART VI.
United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland,
Countervailing Duties between
Great Britain and Ireland , 193
Inland Excise Duties . . 195
Stamp Duties . . .196
A Table of Days . . 200
Letters, Newspapers, Magazines,
&c 201
Bills of Exchange . . 203
PART VII.
United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland,
Warehousing . . . 204
PART VIII.
United Kingdom of Great Br
tain
and Ire/and,
Aliens ....
. 221
Agents, Brokers, and Factors
223
Holidays
. 224
Return of Duty .
224
Samples
. 224
Consuls' Fees .
224
PART IX.
Europe in GENEitAL . . 226
British Possessions . . 226
Isle of Man ... 227
Guernsey, -Jersey, Alderney, and
Sark 230
Russia .... 234
Sweden .... 240
Norway .... 242
Prussia ..... 244
Denmark Proper and Duchy of
Holstein ... 245
Holland, Netherlands, & Belgium 248
Austria . . . . ,255
Hanseatic Towns . . 250
Mecklenburgh . . . 259
Hanover .... 259
Oldenburgh . . . 259
France . . . . .259
Spain .... 268
Canary Islands . . . 270
Portugal .... 271
Azores .... 273
Gibraltar .... 273
Malta .... 273
Ionian Islands . . . 274
Italy, Sardinian Territories . 274
Papal Territories . , 274
Austrian Territories . 275
— — Duchy of Tuscany . . 275
Page
Turkey and Continental Greece 275
Naples and Sicily . . 276
Morea and Greek Islands . 277
PART X.
Asia in General
British Possessions . . •
Arabia ....
Persia . . . . .
East Indies
Singapore . . . .
Ceylon ....
French Settlements . .
Danish Settlements . .
Portugufese Settlements . .
Cutch and Scind . «
Birman Empire ...
Siam ....
Cochin China .
Sumatra ....
Java . . . . .
Other Islands of the Indian Seas
Philippine Islands . . .
China . . • •
Jajianese Islands . . •
Australia ....
New South Wales . ,
New Holland . . .
Van Dieman's Land . .
New Zealand ...
South Sea . . .
PART XL
Africa in General .
Madeira ....
British Possessions .
Ports on the Mediterranean .
J^^gypt
Tripoli, Barbary, and Morocco .
Constantine ....
Senegal and Coast
Sierra Leone and Coast
Windward Coa>-t
Cape Coast Castle and Gold
Coast ....
Coast from Rio Volta .
Cape of Good Hope
Eastern Coast .
Ports on the Red Sea
Cape Verde Islands .
St. Helena . .
Madagascar .
Isle of Bourbon
Mauritius . .
278
278
278
278
278
278
279
279
279
279
279
279
280
280
280
280
280
230
280
292
292
294
298
298
299
301
303
304
304
304
304
304
305
305
306
306
306
306
306
307
307
307
307
307
307
307
PART XII.
America in Geneiial. . 309
British Northern Colonies . 309
Newfoundland . . . 309
Canada .... 309
New Brunswick . . 311
Nova Scotia . . . ,311
1837-8.]
CONTENTS.
vii
Page
Page
British West Indies .
311
Colombia
. 334
British Pussessions in General
314
Brazil ....
334
Hoaduras
324
States of the Rio de la Plata .
335
Foreign West Indies .
324
Chili ....
. 336
St. Domiugo or Hayti
, 325
Peru ....
336
United States of America
325
Texas ....
344
Bahamas
331
Juan Fernandez . . ,
344
Central America .
331
Falkland Islands
344
Mexico ....
332
Venezuela .
333
PART XIII.
Guatemala .
334
Davis's Straits Fishery
. 346
ADVERTISEMENTS.
London. Page
Atlas Assurance Company , 1
Britannia Life Assurance Co. 8
Hope Life Assurance Company 4
Metropolitan Life Assn. Society 5
National Loan Fund Life Assu-
rance Society ... 2
Standard of England Life Assu-
rance, Reversionary Interest
and Annuitant Company . 6
York and North of England . G
Albert, Loss of Teeth Supplied,
Loose Teeth Fastened, &c. . 31
Aulmac's Tarnish and Silver
Plate Liquids ... 26
Austin's Artificial Stone Works 12
BarcFay's Asthmatic Candy . 31
Blair's Gout & Rheumatic Pills 16
Bond's Permanent Marking Ink 26
Brown & Co.'s Dble Action Harp 24
Chambers's Port. Water Closets 15
Clark, Sack and Bag Manuf. . 14
Coles's Improved Carriage for
Railroads .... 14
Collis's Essence of Honey . 35
Cooper's Plate Glass, Carving
and Gilding Warehouse . 26
Cromar & Co., Whiteball Carpet
and Furnishing Warehouse . 15
Cross's Med. Label AVarehouse I'J
Cross's New Plan of London . 19
Cross's Map of the Colony of
New South Wales . . 19
Crossthwaite and Co.'s Occult
Lozenges . . . .31
Danks & Son, Carpet Warehouse 1 2
Davis and Co., Tea Warehouse 12
Davies, Machinist ... 24
Delcroix and Co., Perfumers . 15
D'Embden, Surgeon Dentist . 33
Donovan, Irish Shirting Cluth . 15
Earnshaws' Superior Chrono-
mettrs .... 13
Frauks's Sarsine Paste or Alka-
line Comp. of Sarsaparilla . 25
Fowler's Placards and Written
Tickets .... 27
Gamble, Patent Preserved Pro-
vision Merchant . . .28
Golden Age Restored ; Royal
City Medal . . .25
Goss and Co., Med. Admonitors 27
Gordon's Specific Mixture . 22
Gosnell and Co., Fashionable
Articles for the Toilette . 27
Hassan's Circassian Hair Dye . 15
Hovenden, Manuf. Perfumer . 12
Johnson's Soothing Syrup , 35
Laberu's Botanic Cream . . 33
Lambert and Sou, Patent Ship
Pump and Fire Engine . 24
Lefay's Grand Pomade . . 18
Longman and Co.'s New Works : d
M-CuUoch's Dictionary
Steel'sShip-Master's Assistant.
Gilbavt's History and Prin-
ciples of Banking.
Morrison, Elements of Prac-
tical Book-keeping.
Encyclopaedia of Geography.
New General Atlas.
Low and Son, Manufacturing
Perfumers .... 25
Mallau and Son, Mineral Sncce-
daneum for Decayed Teeth . 25
Martin and Co.'s Specimen of
Lithography ... 23
Maynard & Co.'s Officers' Out-
fittuig Warehouse, &c. . 35
Mordan's Pencils, &c. . . 20
Morison's Pills . . .12
Oldridge's Balm of Columbia . 29
Parliamentary Chronicle . . 19
Palmer's Soda and Seidlitz Pow-
ders, Chemical Apparatus, &c. 13
Perry's Iron and Brass Bed-
steads .... 29
Pickering's Works : . .18
Richardson's Dictionary.
Gentleman's Magazine.
Post Otfice Directory . . 19
Pritchett's Vegetable Vermifuge
fur Destroying Worms . . 35
Read, New Fue Escape . . 13
VUl
CONTENTS.
[1837-8.
Rowland's Macassar Oil . .
Rypophagoii, or Super-Essential
Shaving Soap t . .
Savory and Sons, Manufacturing
Silversmiths
Savorj', J. Cox. ditto
Smith & Son, Ext. of Liquorice
South Australian Company
Steffenoni, Cabinet and Uphol-
stery Furniture .
Stephens's Patent New Writing
Fluids . . . .
Stirling's Rees' Essence . .
. Stomach Pills . .
Tarling's Metallic Ink
Wiss, Patent Portable and Fixed
Water Closets
Wood and Barrett's Patent Sell-
Acting Oven
Woodhouse, Balsam of Sperma-
> ceti, Essence of Ginger, &c. .
Wray's CelebratedBalsamic Pills
Wray's Chalybeate German Seid-
litz Powders
Wray's Alterative Powders
Zeitter and Co., Patent Flute
Piano Fortes
Page
30
32
11
14
28
32
24
22
25
34
14
10
36
33
26
34
24
Bath.
Bath and Cheltenham Gazette . 37
Bayntuu, Teeth and Palates,
iJental Surgery, &c. . . 3G
Sutton, Accountant, General
Agent and Collector . . 36
Bideford.
Binney, late Butler to Mr. Mor-
rison of Yeo Vale, Commer-
cial lun .... 54
Bristol.
Generiil Steam Nav. Company . 38
Crown Fire Utfice ... 37
Union Fire Office ... 38
Felix Farley's Bristol Journal . 46
The Bristol Mirror, late Bonner
and Middieton's Journal . 47
Mathew's Bristol Directory . 47
Bartlett, Manufacturer of Scale
Beams, &c. . . .46
Benson, Importer of Foreign
Cigars and Snuffs , . 47
Broughton and Sou, Provision
and Salt Merchants . . 39
Carruthe;s, Public Library and
Reading Room ... 47
Cox, Eating House . . 38
Douglas, Bookseller, &c. . . 48
Edwards, Music and Musical In-
strument Seller . , . 50
Page
Frampton and Hancocl£,'Bottled
Liquor Merchants . . 49
Fry's Long Approved Church-
man's Cake Chocolates . 50
Hancock, Custom-House Agen-
cy and Shipping Gazette . 49
Hunt and Co., Tea Trade . 46
Humpage's Medicated Syrup of
Horehound ... 48
Jordan. Economic Clothes' Mart 39
Kerslakc, Cheap Books . . 42
Levy Levy, Cut and Engraved
Glass Manufactory . . 48
Levy's Bristol Bazaar, and Ge-
neral Furnishing Depot . 40
Light and Ridler, Public Library,
Bookselling, Stationery, and
Patent Medicine Warehouse . 49
Miles, Tailor and Draper . 39
Muston, Chronometer Maker . 39
Napoleon's Cou2h Drops . . 50
Nener, Haulier ... 37
Ring and Hood, Warerooms,
Porcelain, Flint Glass, &c. . 46
Rose and Son, Printers, Book-
sellers and Stationers . . 49
Spencer, Napoleon's Cough Pills
Stivens, Gen. Italian Warehouse 49
Sullivan, Flint Glass Establish-
ment, Imp. of Whiskey, &c. . 39
Tovey, Foreign Wine-House . 38
Vowles, Hat Manufacturer . 50
W^orboys, Civet Cat, Foreign
Fancy Merchandise . . 50
Exeter.
W'estein Annuity Society
Hui.i..
Phillips, Royal Hat Depot
Nottingham.
Haythorn, Commercial Agent .
Thatcham.
Cooper's Fish Sauce
.Whitehaven.
Temperance News Room .
Yarmouth.
Plummer, Classical and Com-
mercial School . .
Rotterdam.
Preston, General Commercial
Agent ....
51
53
54
54
54
54
54
Pope's Yearly Journal of Trade,
To Advertisers . , .55
1837-8.] CORRESPONDENCE. — CHARACTER. IX
OFFICIAL CORRESPONDENCE.
to THE LORDS COMMISSIONERS OF HIS MAJESTY'S TREASURY.
Dec. 2. 1828.
Mv Louns,— With much deference I beg leave to lay before you the enclosed prospectus of
a new edition of "The Merchant, Ship Owner, and Ship Master's Import and Export
Guide,'' * and to solicit the honour of your Lordships' patronage.
You will see, my Lords, that the work has been one of intense application for a series of
twenty-two years; and tliatthe information contained in it cannot be acquired from any other
publication whatever.
I need not point out to vour Lordships the close connection there is with the subject of my
book and the causes of public wealth ; nor need I crave encouragement for industry, because I
am quite sure you will extend to me, as well as to others, due countenance and support.
Allow me, however, my Lords, to remark that, under your auspices, I should have no doubt
of rendering my book useful to the nation, benelicial to the revenue, and creditable to the
patrons.
I have the honour to be, &c.
Charles Pope.
TO CHARLES POPE, ESQ.
Treasury Chambers, Dec. 19, 1828.
Sib,— Having laid before the Lords Commissioners of His Majesty's Treasury your letter,
dated the 2n(l instant, enclosing prospectus of a new edition of "The Merchant, Ship
Owkj:r, and Ship Master's Lmport and Export Guide,"* 1 have it in command to acquaint
you that my Lords will subscribe to your woik, and desire to be furnished with twelve copies
thereof.
I am, Sir, &c.
* Now " The Yearly Journal of Trade." J. Stewart.
AUTHORITIES.
If there beone species of knowledge more essential to a merchant than another, it is that he
should be acquainted with the various productions of the different Commercial Countries of the
World, and of those which are in demniul in them. And when ships are freighted and commo-
dities seut abroad by those who are destitute ol tUU elementary instruction, the wonder is, not
that they should sometimes calculate wrong, but that they should ever calculate right. — £din.
Review.
In everything relating to manufactures and commerce we are on the eve of a new era. Mil-
lions of our fellow-creatures depend for their means of subsistence on the " onward movement,'
of this system. We cnnnot retrograde to th.e simple practices of by-gone days ; hence we say,
and maintain, that all the manufacturing and commercial nations of the earth must accommo-
date themselves in time to the circumstances of which we notify the advent, otherwise those
who do not accommodate themselves, will be left behind, like the mile-stones on a roatl, which
are or will be superseded by a railroa<t. — John Bull, May 7, 1837.
In the wav that I .shall now propound, the entire body and substance of the law shall remain,
only discharged of idle and unpvolitable or hurtful matter; and illustrated by order and other
helps, towards the better understanding of it, and judgment thereupon. — Lord Bacon.
It is intolerable that the proclamations and orders iu council were not formed into a book
and bound ; it is not to be supposed we can keep every Gazette. — Lord Chief Justice Ellcnhorough.
It were greatly to be wished that men of eminence and distinction, whose birth and fortune
procure them an admission into the British senate, would employ a little more of their time in
the cultivation of the science of commerce, so worthy of their greatest regard and attention. —
Dean Tucker.
The knowledge of trade is of so much importance to a maritime nation, that no labour can be
thought too great by which information may be obtained. — Dr. Johnson.
It is a lamentable' truth, that while we have the means of conducting statistical inquiries with
singular correctness, through the agency of our committees of parliament, the mass of informa-
tion which is thus aciiuireil, at an immense cost of time and money, is scarcely ever digested,
systematized, and condensed, so as to be useful to the nation at large. — London Magazine.
CHARACTER OF THE FIRST EDITION. '
From the summary view which we have taken of this work, it appears to contain the most
important information relative to the nature and management of commercial concerns, and to
present an interesting display of commercial regulations ; and, under the impression which it
has made on our minds, we can have no hesitation in saying, that it appears entitled to a place
in the house of every merchant, ship-owner, or other person, in any respect connected with the
maritime commerce and manufactures of the United Kingdom. — Tradesman ; or Commercial
Magazine, April, 1312.
Mr. Pope appears tons to have performed his task well; and to have compiled a volume
which mav be said to supply a good clue to the labyrinth of our Custom-house. — Monthly He-
view, Sept! 1812.
Wlioever remembers the discussion which took place on Mr. Pitt's memorable plan for the
simplification of the Duties of Customs, and the eloquent panegyric which Mr. I3uike, though
at that time in opposition, pronounced on the ability, perseverance, and skill of the Minister, in
digesting such a system, and in rendering it intelligible to the plainest understanding, needs no
further information respecting the vast dilTiculty and labour attending the accomplishment
of such a scheme as that which Mr. Pope has perlected. Of the consequence of a plain, practi-
cable, and iutelligihle abridgment of those complicated law s, in the execution of which so many
thousands of the inhabitants of this commercial country are daily and hourly concerneil, every
nian roust be aware. It would be a matter of astonishment to us, that there is not one work which
X CHARACTER. [1837-8.
affords this desirable information, if we were not fully sensible of the extreme labour and
great skill requisite for so arduous an undertaking. Mr. Pope has not been discouraged by this
consideration, and he has performed his task with great perspicuity, diligence, and talent.—
Antijacobiii Review, May, l813.
CHARACTER OF THE SECOND EDITION.
A most valuable feature of this edition is the table of Bounties and Drawbacks on British
Goods Exported, and which in itself renders this book of essential utility to the Merchant and
Custom-house Agent. We can only repeat our high approbation of the manner in which Mr.
Pope has executed his task, and we are convinced that the commercial world in general can-
not fail lo reap the most important benefits from his meritorious labours. — Tradesman ; or Com-
mercial Magazine, Juue, 1814.
This is a work of great labour, and no small difficulty. It presents, in as narrow a compass
as possible, a mass of information that entitles it to a place in the counting-house, where it will
be found useful as a book of reference, on innumerable occasions. — Literary Fanorama, June,
1814.
CHARACTER OF THE THIRD EDITION.
In our number for September, 1812, we took suHieient notice of the fust edition of this work,
and gave our testimony to the success with which Mr. Pope had laboured to afford a clue to
the labyrinth of our Custom-house Laws. The present edition contains considerable additions,
relating chiefly to the Excise, the India Trade, and the Regulations under which the Ware-
housing System has of late years received so considerable an extension; comprising a great
mass of materials in a more accessible form than any that we have seen on the subject.—
Monthli/ Review, Nov. 1S15.
In our opinion, Mr. Pojjc is deserving of great credit for his very laborious undertaking; it is a
work that we feel pleasure and confidence in recommending, not only to Officers in the Navy,
but likewise to Merchants and the Masters and Mates of Vessels in their employ; and also to
the principal Officers attached to the Customs and Excise, in the outports aad abroad; each of
whom ought to possess a copy of this extremely useful publication.— iVauai Chronicle, March,
1817.
CHARACTER OF THE FOURTH EDITION.
Altogether, this is the completest manual of Mercantile Law which has ever issued from the
British Press ; and the variety, extent, and accuracy of the information it contains, claims for
it a place on the desk of every Mercantile Man, as well as every Officer of the Customs and
E.xcise, throughout the British dominions. — Literary Panorama, Oci. 1818.
CHARACTER OF THE EIGHTH EDITION.
The utility of works of this kind is best exhiiiitcd negatively, by imagining the misery and
mischief which may be consequent upon the want of them. No man can say that, unassisted,
he can act prudently and promptly in mercantile transactions, if he is to ransack libraries and
consult lawyers \ipon every multifarious occasion which occurs in the course of business. He
may mistake or be cheated ; and if he chooses to avoid either or both of these, he loses time
which may be profitably employed. The only question then is this; Is the work so compre-
hensively and so accurately executed as to answer the indispensable purposes of utility and
safety ? We use the latter term, because modern acts of parliament are so clumsily composed,
tiiat an appearance of intelligibility and grammar in a compression of them may lead to a jus-
tifiable suspicion that the almost incomprehensible meaning of the original is not faithfully
preserved*. We own, therefore, that the neatness, precision, and judgment of Mr. Pope have
alarmed us ; but as the work has passed through eight editions, and of course been put to most
ample test, we have no right to doubt the accuracy of the chart which he h.as compiled to aid
our navigation through these rocks and quicksands. — Gentleman's Magazine, May, 1823.
CHARACTER OF THE ELEVENTH EDITION.
This is indeed a volume which no Merchant, Statesman, or Legislator ought to bo without.—
Literary Chronicle.
We have looked into the work, with no small degree of national pride, as a record of the
triumph of British enterprise in every corner of the world ; and we award to Mr. Pojie the high
meed of having " done the State some service." — Liverpool Knleiduscope.
As a book of reference, its usefulness extends to all classes of society engaged in mercantile
pursuits. It is a Mercantile Magazine, stored with a great and multilarious mass of valuable
information. — London fFeeUy Review.
Mr. Pope's Work is peculiarly valuable, from its containing all the Commercial Treaties and
Conventions, which are not to be met with in any other work. It is, indeed, a volume which
no Merchant, Statesman, or Legislator ought to be without. — Literary Chronicle,
CHARACTER OF "THE YEARLY JOURNAL OF TRADE."
The great merit of a Work of this kind must depend upon its accuracy, and the authenticity
of the documents from which the inlbrmation has been derived. Mr. Pope ajipears, as far as it
is possible from a general inspection of his volume to form an opinion, to have executed his
task with fidelity, and to have conferred a useful favour upon the Commercial men of his
country.— rime,f, March 17, 1836.
* It ought not, however, to be expected, says Dr. Johnson, that the Stones which form the
Dome of a temple should be squared and polished like the Diamond of a Uing.— Ed.
ABBREVIATIONS.
Whenever the several terras or expressions following shall occur in
any Act relating to the customs or to trade and navigation, the same shall
be construed respectively in the manner hereinafter directed : viz., the
term " ship "* shall be construed to mean ship or vessel generally,
unless such term be used to distinguish a ship from sloops, brigantines,
and other classes of vessels ; the term " master"' of any ship shall be
construed to mean the person having or taking the charge or command
of such ship ; the term " owners" and the term '" owner" of any ship
shall be construed alike to mean one owner, if there be only one, and
any or all the owners, if there be more than one ; the term " mate" of
any ship shall be construed to mean the person next in command of
such ship to the master thereof; the term " seaman" shall be construed
to mean alike seaman, mariner, sailor, or landsman, being one of the
crew of any ship; the term "British Possessions'' shall be construed to
mean colony, plantation, island, territory, or settlement, belonging to His
Majesty; the term "His Majesty" shall be construed to mean His
Majesty, his heirs and successors ; the term " East India Company"
shall be construed to mean the United Company of Merchants of England
trading to the East Indies; the term " limits of the East India Com-
pany's Charter'" shall be construed to mean all places and seas eastward
of the Cape of Good Hope to the Straits of Magellan ; the terms " col-
lector and comptroller" shall be construed to mean the collector and
comptroller of the customs of the port intended in the sentence ; when-
ever mention is made of any public othcer, the officer mentioned shall be
deemed to be such officer for the time being ; the term " warehouse"
shall be construed to mean any place, whether house, shed, yard, timber-
pond, or other place in which goods entered to be warehoused upon im-
portation may be lodged, kept, and secured without payment of duty,
or although prohibited to be used in the United Kingdom ; the term
" King's warehouse" shall be construed to mean any place provided by
the crown for lodging goods therein for security of the customs, 3 and 4
Will. IV., c. 52, $119.
Further Abbreviations.
Not otherwise enumer
ated or described .
Not otherwise enumerated.
For every 100^. of the
value
100/. val.
Barrel
brl.
Gallon
gal.
Yard
yd.
Square Yard
sq. yd.
Dozen
doz.
Exceeding .
ex.
British Possessions
B. P.
Order in Council
O. C.
Treasury Order .
T. O.
Treasury Letter
T. L.
Customs Order
CO.
• The term " ship," or " vessel" is, in sonjs cases, in this Journal, used s\ noiiymously. — Ed.
CONSTRUCTION IN GKNERAL. [1837-8.
CONSTRUCTION IN GENERAL.
If upon the first levying, or repealing of any duty, or upon the first
granting or repealing of any drawback or bounty, or upon the first per-
mitting or prohibiting of any importation or exportation, whether in-
wards, outwards, or coastwise', in the United Kingdom or in the Isle of
Man, it shall become necessary to determine the precise time at which
an importation or exportation of any goods made and completed shall be
deemed to have had effect, such time, in respect of importation, shall be
deemed to be the time at which the ship importing such goods had
actually come within the limits of the port at which such ship shall in
due course be reported, and such goods be discharged ; and such time, in
respect of exportation, shall be deemed to have had effect, such time, in
respect of importation, shall be deemed to be the time at which goods
had been shipped on board the ship in which they had been exported ;
and if such question shall arise upon the arrival or departure of any
ship, in respect of any charge or allowance upon such ship, exclusive of
any cargo, the time of such arrival shall be deemed to be the time at
which the report of such ship shall have been or ought to have been
made ; and the time of such departure shall be deemed to be the time
of the last clearance of such ship with the collector and comptroller for
the voyage upon which she had departed. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 125.
TO CORRESPONDENTS.
The Editor has much pleasure in acknowledp^ing, with his best thanks, the
receipt of several valuable Communications, particularly from Rotterdam, Oporto,
Cadiz, Guernsey, Jersey, Miramichi, and St. Kitt's. The last-mentioned one
reached him unfortunately too late to avail himself of it.
The Editor earnestly begs tliat all Communications may be made so as to
reach him by the close of each Session of Parliament. He aspires to have a
Correspondent at every Principal Port of the Globe ; and if the gentlemen at
such ports would, from time to time, favour him with information on topics con-
necttd with this Journal, " there needs no ghost" to say that the value of it
would be greatly enhanced.
Agents required at all the Places Abroad not meutioned in the List, page slix.
A very handsome Commission allowed.
Communications may be made to the Editor, Custom House, Bristol, or at the
Office, 25, St. Swithin's Lane, London; to Mr. C. H. Pagden, Custom House,
Liverpool ; Mr. T. J. Snowden, Custom House, Hull ; or, in fact, to the Agent
of this Journal at any other Port of the United Kingdom.
INTRODUCTORY SKETCH
OF THE
RISE AND PROGRESS OF TRADE,
SHOWING ESPECIALLY
ITS STATE AND PROSPECTS IN
1837.
Trade is obviously coeval with the world itself. We are told in
Sacred History that " man shall eat his bread by the sweat of his brow,"
and that " God sent him forth to till the ground."
Communication, in the early ages, was kept up by caravans or compa-
nies of travelling merchants, as is recorded in the 37th chapter of Genesis.
" A company of Ishraaelites came from Gilead, with their camels,
bearing spicery, and balm and myrrh, going to carry it down to Egypt."
It may be inferred that, even in those early ages, manufactures must
have made good progress; for we find, in the 41st chapter of the same
book, that " Pharaoh took off his ring from his hand, and put it upon
Joseph's hand, and arrayed him in vestures of fine linen, and put a gold
chain about his neck ; and he made him to ride in the second chariot
which he had."
By degrees, the system of barter extended itself as families increased
and separated ; and what was at first practised only in one spot, spread
itself wider and wider, till at last, under certain modifications, it has
extended over all the kingdoms of the earth.
Greiit nature spoke ; observant man obey'd;
Cities were built, societies were made ;
Here rose one little state ; another near
Grew by like means, and join'd through love or fear,
Fope — Essay on Man.
The first idea of a ship is given us in Holy Writ. We are there told
that " God commanded Noah to make an ark of gopher wood, and to
pitch it within and without with pitch."
According to Herodotus, the Egyptian ships were made of thorns
twisted together, and their sails of nish mats. Conjecture, however, as
well as history, warrants us in believing that rafts were the most ancient
mode of conveyance on the water ; and even in the time of Pliny they
were extensively employed, especially in the navigation of rivers. Boats
formed of slender rods or hurdles, and covered with skins, seem also to
have preceded the canoe or vessel made of a single piece of timber.*
To a native of Lydia the Greeks ascribe the invention of boats of
planks. Among some nations leather was the only materal used in the
formation of ships. Even in the time of Caesar, the Veneti, a people of
Brittany, made their sails of hides and their tackle of thongs. The
* -A- fac-simile of the aneieiit navy of the :ibori:;inal lirilons is at this day to be found in its
primitive simplicity on tlie waters of the Wjo and Towey, and still known by its ancient
ap|iellatioii of 'coracle,' and used io the salmon fishery near Caermarthen.
X'lV INTRODUCTORV SKETCH. [1837-8.
Greeks also, in early ages, used the common rushes of their country, and
the Carthaginians the spartum or broom of Spain.
Illi robur, et ms triplex,
Circa pectus erat, qui fragilem true!
Commisit pelago ratem
Primus. Hor.
The iirst ship that ever sailed on the sea, as some report.'was named
Ai'go. The derivation of the word has often been disputed ; but it seems
probable that it is from Argos, the person who originally proposed the
expedition of the Argonauts, and who built the ship. She had fifty oars.
According to many authors, says Lempriere, she had also a beam on her
prow. The expedition commenced about 79 years before the taking of
Troy, or 12G3 B. C. Orpheus was one of the Argonauts, of which cele-
brated expedition he wrote a poetical account, still extant.
The earliest anchors were doubtless large stones, logs of heavy wood,
or any ponderous substance that might be at hand. At present, the
shape of anchors is pretty nearly the same in most parts of the civilized
world ; and, except in a few instances, where copper is used, iron is the
material employed in their construction.
According to Diodorus, the Phoenicians, in their first voyages to Spain,
having obtained more silver than their ships could safely hold, employed
some of it, instead of lead, for their anchors. The cables were made of
leather thongs, afterwards of rushes, the osier, the Egyptian byblus, and
similar materials. The Veneti, however, used iron cables. The chain
cable, therefore, of which we boast as an invention of the present day,
was known to a nation of savages in Gaul so far back as the time of
Csesar. In the days of Agricola, sails were made of flax ; towards the
end of the first century, hemp was in common use among them for sails
and ropes.
The finding out of the mariner's compass is usually ascribed to Flavio
Gioia, a Neapolitan, about the year 1302 ; and hence it is that the ter-
ritory of Principato, which makes a part of the kingdom of Naples,
where he was born, bears a compass for its arms. Others say, that
Marcus Paulus, a Venetian, making a journey to China, brought back
the discovery with him in 1260. In the embassy of Lord Macartney to
the Emperor of China, this latter assertion seems to be confirmed. " It
has been thought," he says, " that the needle has its chief tendency to
the north pole ; but in China, the south alone is considered as containing
the attractive power. The Chinese name of the compass is ting-nan-
ching, or needle pointing to the south, and a distinguishing mark is
fixed on the magnet's southern pole, as in European compasses upon the
northern one."
Anaximander, a Milesian philosopher, first invented geographical
maps and sun-dials, about 500 B. C. The fifteenth century is distin-
guished by the great improvements which were made in their construc-
tion; but these improvements are carried to a vastly higher degree in
the present day.
Sheathing of ships is pretty generally considered to be absolutely new ;
but two instances of it are recorded by ancient writers. Leo Baptista
Alberti, in his book of architecture, mentions that Trajan's ship was
raised out of the lake of Riccia, where it had lain sunk and neglected
1837-8.J INTRODUCTORV SKETCH. XV
for above thirteen hundred years,— that the pine and cypress of it had
lasted most remarkably. On the outside it was built with double planks,
daubed over with green pitch, caulked with linen rags, and, over all, a
sheet of lead, fastened on with little copper nails. Here we have caulk-
ing and sheathing together, about sixteen hundred years ago. The other
instance is in Purchas's Pilgrims, where he gives an account of the
finding of a great town, in a dock of which was a pinck of eight or ten
hundred tons burden, sheathed all with iron. This was about the year
1613.
The oldest known bill of lading on record, if we may call it so, is the
return cargo of King Solomon's fleet navigated betwixt Ezion-Geber and
Ophir by Tyrian pilots ; this was gold, silver, ivory, apes, and peacocks.
In the chapters of the Bible* which briefly glance at the trade to Ophir,
the linen yarn of Egypt is spoken of in a manner that would imply it to
have been an important article of commerce.
That a duty of custom was paid by the Jewish nation from almost time
immemorial is pretty evident from the authority of the New Testament,
for " St. Matthew sat at the receipt of custom; "' and St. Paul, in his
Epistle to the Romans, says, " Render to all their dues, tribute to whom
tribute is due, custom to whom custom." t
The right of the King of England to the duties of great customs levied
on the impost of the three staple commodities of wool, skins, and leather,
is said to be granted by the 3rd of Edward T., the record of which is not
now extant. This right is, however, specially saved by the 25th of
Edward I., c. 7.
The smaller customs, being an impost of 3d. in the pound, due from
mei'chant strangers only, for all commodities, as w^ell imported as ex-
ported, were granted by the 31st of Edward I. But the first complete
legal impost of tonnage and poundage granted by Parliament, and
extending to natives, was sanctioned by the 47th of Edward III.
These duties, gradually increased, have constantly formed part of the
national revenue, and although during several reigns they were only
granted temporarily, the 31st of Henry VI. conferred them for life on
that King. The 12 Car. II., c. 4, called the great statute, is considered
to be the foundation of the modern customs. By the 7th section of that
statute it is thus enacted : " The customers and collectors, and all other
His Majesty's officers in the several ports, shall take and receive such
fees, and no others, as were taken in the 4th year of the late King
James.''
The ancient system of farming certain custom duties, which was occa-
sionally resorted to, ceased on the appointment of commissioners to
manage this branch of the revenue in 1761. The practice, however, of
granting different offices with the profits annexed thereto by patent, to
persons frequently of the highest rank, who performed their duties by
deputy, prevailed till ] 784, the last patent, it is believed, being dated on
the 21st of April in that year.
The earhest regular table of English customs duties is contained in the
Act of 12th Charles II. It is well known that these duties have gone
on increasing from time to time ; and that in the present day they are
• 1 Kings, Chap, x.; 2 Chron. chap. xix. t Rom. xiii. 7-
XV) INTRODUCTORY SKETCH. [1837-8.
to tlie nation a fruitful source of revenue, and to the statesman an engine
by which many of the ablest schemes of political economy are regulated.
Excise duties were first levied during the civil wars in 1G43, and the
12 Car. II., c. 23, confirmed this impost, and directed the erection of a
principal head ofhce in the city of London.
The stamp duties were first levied under an act passed in the fifth and
sixth years of William and Mary, and that statute authorized the appoint-
ment of commissioners to manage and collect the same.
During the 12th and 13th centuries, the commerce of Europe was
almost entirely in the hands of the Italians, more commonly known in
those ages by the name of Lombards. Companies, or societies of Lom-
bard merchants, settled in every different kingdom. They became the
carriers, the manufacturers, and the bankers of Europe. One of these
companies settled in London ; and thence the name of Lombard-street.*
The Woollen manufactures, long regarded as the staple trade of
England, first rose into importance in the reign of Edward III., who
encouraged the Flemings to establish factories in various parts of the
country.
In the reign of James I. it was calculated that nine-tenths of the com-
merce of the kingdom consisted in woollen goods.
The cotton manufacture, though probably introduced into England
about the year 1600, and extensively carried on, as was then thought, in
the neighbourhood of Manchester about the year 1641, according to
Lewis Robert's book, entitled " Treasure of Traffic," had not reached
such a state in the year 1760 as to produce any cloth made of cotton
alone. The introduction of the carding machine about 1762 was soon
followed by several attempts to spin also by machinery ; but these seem
to have been ineffectual till 1769, when Mr ("afterwards Sir Richard)
Arkwrightt obtained his first patent for the spinning frame. The de-
clared value of the exportations of cotton manufactures in the year ended
5th January 1837 was 18,891,386^. besides cotton yarn, which was
6,128,233/.
The opening of the East India trade to private individuals stands fore-
most in the list of modern alterations in our Commercial Code. That
this trade was almost exclusively confined to the East India Company
since the year 1595, during the reign of Queen Elizabeth, is well
known.
The celebrated Act of Navigation has been revised and newly mo-
delled. The Act took its rise during the Commonwealth, and was after-
wards confirmed by Charles II. For the last century and a half the
Navigation Act was considered by the generality of mercantile people as
* The first regular banker in London was Mr. Francis Child, goldsmith, who began business
soon after the RT^storalion. His descendants still carry on the banking concern next door to
Temple-bar. At this house the Lord Mayor and Corporation awaited tiie arrival of the Queen,
on Her Majesty's visit to dine with them in tlie city cm Navcmber 9th, 1837.
t Ori'dnally a barber. — One of tlie most singular in.stiinces on record of patient love of know-
ledne is^ibuad in the case of Arkwright. When he was considerably more than 50 years of age
(he'died in his GOlh vearl. feeling tliat the defects of his education placed him under great diffi-
cvilty and inconvenience in conducting his correspondeuce, and that in the general management
of hi9 business, he encroached upon his shop— lie used at the time to spend in business avoca-
tions from five o'clock in the morning until nine at night— in order to gain an hour each day to
leuni Knglish grammuf, and another hour to imjirove his writing and orthography.
1837-8.] mTRODUCTORY SKETCH. XVli
a sort of charter by which all our commercial and maritime ri<i;hts and
privileges were sustained. Adam Smith, however, was not of this opi-
nion.
The first General Warehousing Act was passed in 1803. The leading
feature of the Warehousing Act is to defer the payment of duties for-
merly due to the King at the time of importation, and to allow goods to
remain, under certain regulations, in warehouses, or other places, until
it may suit the parties to remove them either for exportation or home
consumption.
In the year 1824, an entirely new principle was introduced into the
economy of our foreign trade, and which atfects in no slight degree the
interests of some of our staple manufactures.
This principle is to abolish, as far as practicable, prohibitions on im-
port, and bounties on export.
The union with Ireland has wrought a great change in our commerce.
Ireland, in her trade, has lately been placed upon the same fooling as
Great Britain. This had been partially done at the time of the union.
However, the full consummation of the measure, in a commercial point
of view, had not been before accompl-jhed.
A system of reciprocity in our '.ntercourse with foreign nations has
been recently adopted. The ships of those kingdoms that choose to avail
themselves of the advantages may now enter British and Irish ports upon
the same terms as ships of the United Kingdom ; and, on the other hand,
our vessels may enter into the harbours belonging to those foreign na-
tions upon the same terms as if built and navigated by their own coun-
trymen.
The legislative sanction which has been given to our trade with the
Independent States of South America opens a channel of great import-
ance to us. Fresh sources of enterprise are likewise presenting them-
selves in Australia.
In the session of 1825, the progress of revision and improvement, if
possible, outstripped former peiiods. Not only were the Laws of the
customs reduced to a few in number, but great and important alterations
were effected in principle. The high prohibitory duties on import were
lowered, and the whole system revised.
But the most striking change is the one that has been made touching
the British possessions abroad. These are now treated in every respect
as an integral part of the United Kingdom.
During the session of 1826, an important rule was adopted, viz. that
various goods shall not be deemed to be imported from any particular
place, unless they be also imported direct from such place.
In the year 1827, a material alteration was again made in the Na-
vigation Laws, by striking out several of the articles which, for a long
period, had been prohibited to be imported under certain circumstances,
and by substituting others.
The year 1834 is remarkable for the Slave Trade having been abolish-
ed in it, and for the Trade with the East Indies and China having been
wholly thrown open.
Amidst the stupendous events of modern times, it would be unpardon-
able not to mention the rapid progress which the discovery of the uses of
Xviii INTRODUCTORY SKETCH. [1837-8.
Steam is making. The great intercourse betwixt England and Ireland,
especially with Liverpool and Bristol, cannot fail of being reciprocally
beneficial. Steam may be said to have given to man the wings of the
dove. To James Watt, a common working mechanic, this mighty dis-
covery is by some attributed. That his name ought to live, not merely
in the history of his own country, but of mankind, cannot be questioned.
The Marquis of Worcester, however, in his " History of Inventions," so
far back as the time of Charles II., hints at the great uses to which
Steam might be turned. Perhaps the powers of Steam cannot be more
fully exemplified than in the instance of the machinery of the printers of
this Journal. The extreme nicety and expedition with which the im-
mense masses of the " The Penny Magazine," " The Penny Cyclo-
psedia," " The Quarterly Review," and other works of extensive circu-
lation, are wrought ofi", is certainly one of the features of the age.
In tracing the progress of trade in the expiring year with a view to
show the Present State and Future Prospects — if there be any present
state of that which is in perpetual progression — the Revulsions in the East
India and American branches stand prominent. The effects of these
severe visitations, to a great degree, still remain, and the public revenue
has, in consequence, materially suffered. There exists, however, in the
very nature of trade an innate power to right itself; so that what is com-
paratively void in one part becomes supplied by the superabundance of
the other. Re-action has evidently commenced; and Commerce has
begun to resume her wonted channels.
Portugal has departed from the principles of reciprocity with this
country, and retaliation has been made by British Orders in Council
charging extra duties on Portuguese goods and shipping. This state of
things has probably been brought about by our having in the first in-
stance relinquished the spirit of the Methuen Treaty, whereby Portu-
guese woollens and wines were especially favoured. The wines of all
counti'ies now pay duties alike, excepting those of the British colony of
the Cape of Good Hope, which pay only half those of other sorts.
SjMin, on the other hand, has made some modification in our behalf.
Recent accounts from Cadiz, however, bring the report of the committee
of the Cortes, to whom were referred the petitions from Cadiz, Seville,
&c., against the concessions so lately announced as consented to by the
Spanish government in favour of the trade of Gibraltar, by placing it on
an equal footing in reference to the intercourse with Spanish ports, and
by Spanish vessels, with that of Bordeaux, Marseilles, and other French
ports. The committee have agreed in recommending that, whilst it was
expedient the privileges lately extended to Gibraltar should be rescinded,
it was no less proper that those possessed by the French ports be likewise
abolished, and, for the future, all placed on the same footing.
A communication has been established with the East Indies by way of
Egypt and the Red Sea, through the active exertions of a private indi-
vidual— Mr. Waghorn — which seems likely to be followed up in such a
way as to be productive of great national advantage.
In the last session of Parliament, the laws and regulations of our Post
Office, which, from lapse of time, had become very numerous and per-
plexed, were consolidated. They are now brought into a comparatively
1837-8.] INTRODUCTORY SKETCH. Xix
small compass, and many judicious alterations introduced. This scheme.
it is understood, was projected under the able management of the Duko
of Richmond, who, it is well known, was indcfati<?able in his attention to
that branch of the public service whilst he was Postmaster-General.
From the well-known talent and zeal of the present heads of the Post-
office department, still further improvements may yet be anticipated.
Colonel Maberly, the Secretary, is always on the alert to carry into effect
any suggestion tending to the advantage of the public.
The Tea Trade has been a good deal depressed in prices. These,
however, have recently advanced, and now promise fair remuneration to
capitalists. Whenever a new channel of enterprise is thrown open, the
rush of adventurers is generally so great, that the market for awhile be-
comes glutted. The supply, however, eventually suits itself to the de-
mand, and things fall into the right course. Such will be the case, no
doubt, with the tea trade.
A slight gloom hangs at present over our Woollen Manufactures, but
it is believed to be only as a summer cloud.
"The London New Price Current" of Nov. 10, 1837, states that " the
Markets for produce generally present a very healthy and improving ap-
pearance ; for home consumption there has again been an extensive de-
mand for all the leading articles, and prices of British plantation, Mauri-
tius, Bengal, and Refined Sugar, Melas.tes, West India ^n^ Ceylon Coffee,
British Plantation Cocoa, Cotton, Pimento, and Tallow have advanced ;
other articles have \vell maintained former rates. There has also been a
fair business doing for export, considering the advanced period of the
year, and speculators have commenced operations in articles where prices
are low, as being profitable investments for their capital. The stocks of
goods in first hands in the kingdom are light, and generally less than at
this period in 1836. The deliveries iox Home Consumption h^yeheen
much greater this year than they were last to this period."
It is also stated that at Manchester there is a very fair demand for
most of the ordinary shipping numbers of Yarns, and most of the spinners
are asking an advance of about one farthing per pound. There was also
a very fair demand for Printing Cloths and for Shirtitigs, and a slight
advance was realized on both descriptions of cloth.
The trade of the Potteries is also in a reviving state.
It is many years since this country was blessed with a Harvest so
abundant as that of the present year. It is a great happiness to find
tiiat the whole of the class of agricultural labourers are employed at good
wages.
The Fisheries in the Greenland Seas and Davis's Straits have not,
for a few years, been so productive as formerly. There is an instinct in
fishes, as well as in all other living creatures, whether on land or in
water, that warns them of the approach of danger. Fishes, it is well
known, migrate, upon frequent interruptions, to places of apparently
greater security. This seems to have been the case with the whale in
those seas, for this season has added to the list of unprofitable ones. On
the contrary, the Salmon and Herring Fisheries have turned out un-
usually well.
The new system of things consequent on the Abolition of Slavery in
b 2
XX INTRODUCTORY SKETCH. [1837-8.
the West Indies seems, upon the whole, likely to settle down favourably ;
and the gloomy predictions which were at one time entertained by some
on this head will, it is hoped, be entirely dispelled.
Railways are making great progress, not only in this country, but in
various other places in Europe. Immense quantities of iron, in the early
part of the year, were shipped to America for such purpose. Time and
space seem about to be nearly annihilated, and the stories of " The
Arabian Nights Entertainments" almost cease to be fiction. The pro-
duce and manufactures of all the earth will be brought, with somewhat
like talismanic rapidity, to our very doors ; and the labour of years, on
the system of the ancients, be now accomplished as it were in the
twinkling of an eye*.
" In the very torrent, tempest, and, as I may say, whirlwind" of the
affairs of this world, in which commerce so largely participates, and which
the tumult of railways so strongly calls to mind, surely it is consolatory
to reflect that there is one
" Who sees with equal eye, as God of all,
A hero perish, or a sparrow fall." — Pope,
The prospect of the Money Market having a sum equal nearly to two
millions thrown upon it. by the East India Company, in June next, has
given an assurance, in some degree, that money will be easy throughout
the intervening period.
In the Queens Speech on the Opening of Parliament, Monday, No-
vember 20, 1837, Her Majesty, amongst other matters, states: —
" It is with great satisfaction that I have received from all Foreign
Powers the strongest assurances of their friendly disposition, and of their
earnest desire to cultivate and maintain with me the relations of amity ;
and I rejoice in the prospect that I shall be able to promote the best
interests of my subjects, by securing to them the advantages of peace.
" I have directed a treaty of commerce!', which I have concluded with
the united republics of Peru and Bolivia, to be laid before you, and I
hope soon to be able to communicate to you similar results of ray nego-
tiations with other powers."
Under the watchful superintendence of Him "by whom Kings reign
and Princes decree justice," happily the constitution of Old England,
in the main, as to trade and manufactures, seems vinimpaired. Long
may it so continue, to promote the happiness of the people as well as
the stability of the Throne.
In the reign of Edward III. the total value of all the commodities ex-
ported in one year was reckoned at 294, 184/., and of all the imports only
38,970/., sums less than the value of goods now frequently entered in
one day.
From the official accounts of the year ended 5 th January 1837, it ap-
pears that the number of vessels employed in the foreign trade of the
* From authentic information wliich has heen obtaincfl on the subject of railways in tlie
United Kingdom, it appears that no less than two hundred patents have been granted for
improvements in steam-engines, locomotive engines, and carriages of all sorts. Mr. Coles, o
Chariug-cross, has constructed one, wherein lie professes " to throw the whole weight where
there is no friction, and where tliere is great friction to have no weight!''
The length of the railroads in America is computed at l.SOO miles, ut a cost of thirty millions
of dollars. See page 328.
t For this treaty, gee page 338.
837-8.] INTRODUCTORY SKETCH. XXi
United Kingdom was 11,740 British and Irish, and 4,791 foreign, m;iking
a total of 1G,531 vessels. The burthen of these was 2,952,854 tons.
From the same source we find that the gross amount of the Custom
Duties on Imports was 23,796,022/. The Exports of the principal arti-
cles of British and Irish Produce and Manufactures were in value
46,796,937/.
Can any other nation or people show us anything like this'.' Well
may we say, " Her merchants are princes, her trallickers are the honour-
able of the earth."
Such, indeed, has been the success which has attended our manu-
factures, that Bandannah handkerchiefs made in Glasgow have long
superseded the genuine one in China and India, where they originated.
Dishes and utensils of the London stamp were seen by Clapperton at
the Court of the Sultan Bello ; and at Calicut, where calicoes originated,
and whence their name is derived, the market is supplied with the ar-
ticle from England.
To this sketch, slight as it is, let it be added, that the past history of
mankind does not record an empire so extensive and so powerful, so
wealthy and so great, as that of the United Kingdom. On her vast ter-
ritories, during every season of the year, the sun never sets. As the
evening rays forsake the groves of Honduras, his morning beams strike
the spires of Calcutta ; and three hours before they sink from the popu-
lation of Montreal and Jamaica, they gladden the British subjects on the
western shores of New Holland. The British liag is never struck.
Can we then refrain from exclaiming, in the language of Sir Walter
Scott, in the " Lay of the Last Minstrel,"
" Breathes there the man with soul so dead.
Who never to himsell hath said,
This is my owu— my native land? "
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION
ON THE ORIGIN OF MONEY
AND TH|E NATURE OF EXCHANGE.
In the rude ages of society, cattle are said to have been the common
instrument of commerce ; and though they must have been a most in-
convenient one, yet in old times we find things were frequently valued
according to the number of cattle which had been given in exchange for
them. The armour of Diomede (says Homer) cost only nine oxen, but
that of Glaucuscost 100 oxen. We are told by Pliny, upon the authority
of Timoeus, that till the time of Servius TuUus the Romans had no
coined money, but made use of unstamped bars of copper to purchase
whatever they had occasion for. Seneca informs us that there was an-
ciently stamped money of leather, corium forma publica imTpressum.
And the same thing was put in practice by Frederic II. at the siege of
Milan. It is well authenticated, that, in the year 1574, the Hollanders
coined great quantities of pasteboard.
To prevent abuses, to faciUtate exchanges, and thereby to encourage
all sorts of industry and commerce, it has been found necessary, in all
countries that have made any considerable advances towai'ds improve-
ment, to affix a public stamp upon certain quantities of such particular
metals as were in those countries commonly made use of to purchase
goods. Hence the origin of Coined Money.
By degrees an improvement was made even in coined money, and the
mode of remittances and exchanges by Bills was adopted.
The subject of Exchanges is by many considered abstruse, if not unin-
telhgible. In itself it is neither. It is a plain, straightforward matter,
as simple as the dealings in corn or sugar. It is merely an aifair of ad-
justing prices between the buyer and sellei", as in the common markets ;
with this exception, that, as the buyers and sellers of different countries
use the moneys of those countries to pay an exact sum, a calculation
must be made, to what the amount in the one sort is equal, at such time,
in the other.
When the Exchange between two places, such as London and Paris,
is at Par, it is said to be a sign that the debts due from London to Paris
are compensated by those due from Paris to London. On the contrary,
when a Premium is paid at London for a bill upon Paris, it is said to be a
sign that the debts due from London to Paris are not compensated by those
due from Paris to London, but that a balance in money must be sent out
from the latter place ; for the risk, trouble, and expense of exporting
which, the premium is both demanded and given. But the ordinary
state of debt and credit between those two cities must necessarily be re-
gulated, it is said, by the ordinary course of- their dealings with one
another. When neither of them imports from the other to a greater amount
than it exports to that other, the debts and credits of each may compen-
sate one another. But when one of them exports to that other, the
former necessarily becomes indebted to the latter in a greater sum
than the latter becomes indebted to it. The debts and credits of
each do not compensate one another, and money must be sent out from
1837-8.] MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. — Exchange, <^c. xxiii
that place of which the debts overbalance the credits. The ordinary
CoMr*eq/'£'.reAa/?o-(?, therefore, being an indication of the ordinary state
of debt and credit between two places, must likewise be an indication of
the ordinary course of their Exports and Imports, as these necessarily re-
gulate that state.
The ordinary state of debt and credit between any two places is not
always entirely regulated by the ordinary course of their dealings with one
another ; but is often influenced by that of the dealings of either with
many other places.
The just and true exchange for moneys, by bills, is par pro pari, or
value for value.
In foreign exchange, one place always gives another a fixed sum or
piece of money for a variable price. The former is called the certain
price, and the latter the uncertain price. Thus, London is said to give
to Paris the certain for the uncertain, that is, the pound sterling for a
variable number of francs ; and to Spain the uncertain for the certain,
that is, a variable number of pence sterling, for the dollar of exchange.
The uncertain price, as quoted at any time, is called the Rate, or Course
of Exchange.
When the demand in London for Bills on Paris is great, a smaller
number of francs is given for the pound sterling, and the contrary ; and
when there is a demand for Bills on Spain, a greater number of pence
sterling must be given for the dollar, and the contrary.
The Par of Exchange may be considered under two general heads,
viz., the Intrinsic Par, and the Commercial Par, each of which admits
of subordinate divisions.
The Intrinsic Paris, the value of the money of one country compared
with that of another, with respect both to weight and fineness.
The Commercial Par is the comparative value of the moneys of dif-
ferent countries, according to the weight, fineness, and market prices of
the metals.
Thus two suras of diflFerent countries are intrinsically at Par, when
they contain an equal quantity of the same kind of pure metal ; and two
sums of diflFerent countries are commercially at Par, when they can pur-
chase an equal quantity of the same kind of pure metal.
EXCHANGE, STOCKS, &c.
( From Lloyd's List.)
Friday, Nov. 17, 1837.
ENGLISH FUNDS.
3 per Cent. Consols . . . . . . 93J |
Consols for Account . . . . • 93J |
3 per Cent. Reduced . . . . . ,92^1
3i per Cent. Reduced . . . . . 100 |
3i per Cent, new 100« J
31 per Cent. 1818 ......
Long Annuities . . . . • . . 14|| 15
Exchequer Bills 2id . . . . • 45 48
India 4 p. c. Bonds . , . . . , 33 38
Bank Stock . . . . . . 211j^ 12
India Stock ditto ..... 267 69
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. — Exchange, ^c. [1837-8.
LONDON COURSE OF EXCHANGE.
Places.
Prices
Printed.
Amsterdam .
Ditto at sight. .
Rotterdam
Antwerp . .
Hambro, M.B. .
Altona . , .
Paris, 3 d, sight .
Ditto ....
Marseilles
Bordeaux . .
Frankfort on Maine
Petersbiu-g, ruble.
Berlin, Cur. Dol. .
Vienna, eff. Flo. .
Trieste, do. . .
Madrid . . .
Cadiz ....
Bilbao. . . .
Barcelona .
Seville
Gibraltar, H. Dol.
Leghorn .
Genoa ....
Milan ....
Venice, 6 Aust. liv.
Naples . . .
Palermo, per oz. .
Messina .
Lisbon .
Oporto. . .
Rio Janeiro .
Bahia . . . . .
Buenos Ayres. .
12
12
12
12
13
13
25
25
26
26
10
7
10
10
26
5
3
5*
6'
13A
\H
65
95
5
152i
3
11
13
33|
34^
34
34
34
46
31i
15
31
46
39
Time.
3 Ms.
Short
3 Ms.
Short
3 Ms.
3 Us.
2 Ms.
3 Ms.
Prices Negociated.
12
12
12
12
13
3
1
4i
4
12i
60 d. date
Metallic
60 d.sight
iisj-
118 —
52^ —
52i_
27i —
25 —
— — 21 d.sight
25 55
25 77
25 90
25 87^
152
10 8
10 10
34i
35i
31
26 <'-i
39i
118*
118'
52|
52J
12
12
12
12
Par
about.
25 55
25 82A
25 9i
I52i
10 10
10 12
34i
311
26 5
39J
119
53
53
12.9
12.9
12.9
12.9
34.3
25.20
140
39
49
454
41i
124
67^
Explanation.
From the foregoing columns it appears that the exchange between
London and the three first places is not far from par.
Also that Frankfort gives more than the par for the pound sterling, and
hence the exchange is in favour of London.
At Hamburgh the price of gold is 436 per mark, which, at the English
Mint price of 2l.\7s.\0\d. the ounce for standard gold, gives an ex-
change of 13.S. \0\d., and the exchange at Hamburgh on London at short
being 13*. \Q\d., it follows that gold is 0.12 per cent, dearer at Hamburgh
than in London.
The premium on gold at Paris is 9^ per mille, which, at the English
Mint price of 3/. 17*. lO^ii.the ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange
of 25. 39., and the exchange at Paris on London at short being 25. 55.^
it follows that gold is 0.64 per cent, lower at Paris than in London.
The price of sovereigns at New York is 5. 14, which gives a par of ex-
change in paper of 115. 65 per cent., and the course of exchange at New
York on London being 116 per cent., it follows that the exchange is 0.35
per cent, in favour of England.
Whether the course of exchange of the other places be favoural)le or
otherwise may be ascertained by merely comparing the several columns
of the list with each other.
1837-8.] MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.— £'ac7w«5'e, t^'C. XXV
PRICE OF BULLION.
Gold and Silver, per ounce.
Foieii^n Gold in Bars (Standard)
Portugal Gold in Coin, Spanish Doub. . ,
20 Franc Pieces . .
New Dollars .....
Silver in Bars, Standard ...
FOREIGN STOCKS.
Austrian, 5 per cent. .
Belgian, 5 per cent . .
Brazilian, 5 per cent. 1824 . .
Buenos Ayres, G per cent.
Chilian, 6 per cent. ...
Colombian, 6 per cent. 1822 ,
Ditto, ditto, 1S24 .
Danish, 3 per cent. . * .
Dutch, 2^ per cent.
Ditto, 5 per cent. . . ,
French, 5 per cent. . .
Ditto, 3 per cent. . ,
Ditto, 4 per cent. ...
Gri'ck, 5 per cent. .
Guatimala, C per cent. , .
Mexican, 5 per cent. . .
Mexican, 6 per cent. . ,
Ditto, Deferred Stock . ,
Neapohtan, 5 per cent. .
Peruvian, 6 per cent. . . ,
Portugnese,'_5 per cent. Sterling Bonds
Ditto, 3 per cent. . . ,
Ditto, 5 per cent. Scrip, 1S3G .
Prussian, 4 per cent. 1830 . , ,
Russian, 5 per cent. Metallic Roub. •
Ditto ditto New Loan . . ,
Ditto ditto Sterling Bonds . ,
Ditto 6 per cent. Paper Roubles . .
Spanish, 5 per cent. . .
Ditto, Passive ....
Ditto, Deferred . . •
Ditto, Coupons . . • .
3
17
'J
3
14
0
0
4
n
0
4
Hi?
lOli
I
81J
n
20
22
29
31
24f
H
7^
3
54 ,L
101^
?
100^
7
271 8
19^ 20^
2'2i. ■?
19| 20|
4 i
21 3 13 15
PAR OF EXCHANGE.
In further explanation of this subject, it is stated, in a work entitled
" The Colonial Par of Exchange," that the Spatiish dollar, which is the
monetary unit of North and South America, and the legal coin of the
United States, is the only coin which circulates through Europe, Asia,
Africa, and America, is also the only real effective money either of ac-
count or exchange by which (including the East Indies) the English
colonial property is valued. The object is further to demonstrate the
corresponding foreign moneys of account, coins, &c., to the English
pound weight of silver of sixteen North and South American ounces, the
certain par of exchange for the pound weight of sixteen ounces being
equal to one thousand pe?ice. The Mexican dollar of pure silver (per
assay) he values at 960 reas, equal to sixty pe7ice. In the United States
the silver dollar passes for 100 cents., equal to sixty j^ence; the sazne
was its value in England from the year 1804 to 1816, the Spanish dollar
being issued by the Bank of England as sixty colonial silver pence. As
XXVi MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.— ^a?cAaW^(?, (f-C. [1837-8.
regards gold, it is shown that the minimum vahie of the pound weight
of silver IS, ihe ounce weight of gold, weighing 437^ English grains,
equal to 07ie thousand pence ; that the Portuguese ounce of gold is equal
to sixteen ounces of pure silver ; that the doblon, or Spanish ounce of
gold, should produce by the assays of the English Mint 1 6^ dollars to
one, inclusive of '' the remedy of the Mint." By the same calculation,
or proportion, the sovereign possesses 113 or 112^ English gi-ains oi pure
gold, and is valued at the Spanish Mints for five dollars, equal to the
gold unit ; it would therefore appear that the colonial and Spanish mi-
nimum for the doblon is sixteen dollars and a fraction, whilst the home
maximum to 1836 is valued at fourteen dollars and a fraction, showing
a difference of 25 per cent., at 16j to 1, including coinage, freight, &c.,
producing a depreciation of 6.45, &c., per cent, from the Mint price of
1816. By the United States' tariff of the 14th July, 1832, the sovereign
is valued as containing 113 grains of pure gold, equal to 480 cents., or
1^. 4*. ; but from 1834, the par of the sovereign has been 487J cents., or
292-J pence, equal to \l. As. A^d. In the Chinese empire, gold and silver
being merchandise, the coins are tveights' In France, Belgium, Italy,
&c., the monetary unit is the 100th part of a French pound weight, or
a half kilogramme at ninety fineness ten alloy. — Ed.
RULE.
Reducing Money into English, and vice versa.
Dutch Money is reduced to English by saying, — As the given rate of
exchange, to £l sterling, so the given Dutch to the sterling sought; and
sterling is reduced to Dutch by reversing this rule.
This rule will apply in all cases by merely substituting the money of
other countries with the rate of exchange.
EXAMPLES.
Reduce 8,132 guilders or florins, 16 stivers, into sterling; exchange at 10 current
florins, 8 stivers, per pound sterling,
(= 34*. M. Flem.)
Reverse Rule.
L. G. S. L. Guild. Stiv.
As 1 : 10 8 : : 782 : 8132 16
When the price is given in Flemish say,
L.St. Fl. St.
As 34 8 : 1 : 8132 16
6 20
G. S. L.St. Guil. Stiv.
If 10 8 : 1 : 8132 16
20 20
-£
208 208)162656(782
1456
1705, &c.
208 208)162656(782
FOREIGN POST DAYS.
The days for the negotiation of foreign bills of exchange are Tuesdays
and Fridays. These are called foreign post days, being the principal post
days in consequence of the exchange business. It is the custom in Lon-
don \^ ith houses of established credit to pay for the foreign bills they buy
on one post day, on. the following post day, when they receive the second
and third bills of exchange.
The stamp duties are paid by the seller or drawer.
The brokerage on bills is 1 per 1000; or 1-lOth per cent.
1837-8.] MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. — Parliamentary Papers, xxvii
A TABLE OF DISCOUNT, PER CENT.
s. d.
24 per cent, is 0 6 in the iiouncl.
3 -
- 0
n
4 -
- 0
n
5 -
- 1
0
6 -
- 1
2^
n -
- 1
G
10 -
2
0
12i-
2
6
15 .
- 3
0
^n -
- 3
6
20 -
- 4
0
22i -
- 4
6
25 -
- 5
0
30 -
- 6
0
— or ith.
or Ith.
or ith.
THE REVENUE.
An Account of the Net Produce of the Revenue of Great Britain, in the Years
ended 10th of October, 1836 and 1837, showing the Increase or Decrease oa
each head thereof.
'Year ended Year ended
! 10th Oct., 10th Oct..
I 1836. i 1837.
Customs —
Consolidated Duties
Sugar Duty applicable to
Consolidated Fund
Sugar Duty applicable to
Supplies . .
Total Customs
Excise
Stamps
Taxes . . . . .
Post-office . . . . •
Miscellaneous ....
20,166,917
Total ordinary Revenue
Imprest and other moneys, in-
cluding repayments of ad-
vances for Public Works
Total Income .
The amount applied to the
Consolidated Fund .
Ditto, as part of the Ways
and Means of the year
18,372,944
12,288,173 12,007,238
6,796,439; 6,461,282
3,670,747| 3,693,380
1,486,000 1,490,743
52,533 44,635
44,460,809
42,070,222
524,124 817,416
44,984,93342,887,638
Year ended 10th Oct..
1837.
Increfise.
Decrease.
22,633
4,743
293,292
1,793,973
280,935
335,157
7,898
320,668 I 2,417,963
29, 096, 254'29, 396,049?^'^"'^* \ 320,668
' * I ' ' [Increase J '
15,888,67913,491,589,
■ Decrease on
Total, l44,984,933|42,887,638 the year.
} 2,097,2
95
xxviii MISCELLANEOUS imo-^^iKTiOT^.— Parliamentary Papers. [1837-8.
AN ACCOUNT* of the Imports of the principal Articles of Foreign and Colonial
Merchandise, of the Consumption of such Articles, and of the Customs Duties
received thereon, in the year ended 5th January, 1837, compared with the Imports
and Consumption and Receipts of the preceding Year.
ARTICLES.
Imported.
Home Consumption.
Gross Amount of
Duty received.
183C.
1837.
1836.
1837.
1836.
1837.
Barilla and Alkali, cwt.
125,068
69,998
146,593
97,226
14,617
£.
9,678
B:irk for Tanners' or
Dyers' use . . civt.
826,566
769,765
807,930
788,124
25,869
26,017
Butter . . . cwt.
146, 78i
240,758
143,254
238,638
143,277
238,516
Cheese . . , ctvt.
140.851
211,241
135,508
203,047
71,031
106,224
Cocoa Nuts . . lb.
2,118,756
2,788,211
1,086,445
1,130,396
9.062
9,435
Coffee, of the British
Possessions in Ame-
rica and Africa . lb.
14,617,046
18,877,471
17.719,600
17.560,019
442,977
439,001
Of Mauritius . lb.
35
523
35
623
1
13
East India, \iz.
Fiom I3riiish
Possessions lb.
5,853,650
9,502,830
5,583,822
7,420,041
209,377
252,965
From Foreign
Possessions lb.
1,309,229
336 226
20,276
791
82
41
Other sorts . . lb.
6,613,533
5,270,229
2,347
2,298
147
144
Total OF CoFjEE. .
28,398,493
33,987.279
23,326,080
24,983.672
652,604
692,104
Corn : — Wheat . , //«.
42,628
168,747
16,350
19,554
4,137
5,603
Barley . , . qrs.
67,796
83,482
136.853
110,021
91,776
41,577
Oats , . , (ps.
113,067
131,0,56
176,141
97,184
89,830
41,670
Rye .... qrs.
—
6,626
3
18
4
10
Peas . . . qrs.
24,216
77.703
25,184
80,338
11,132
28,887
Beans , . . qrs.
34,379
92,911
69,823
87,736
35,046
31,503
Maize, or Indian
Corn . . qrs.
737
1,778
359
1,519
62
129
Buckwheat . , qrs.
1,282
449
1,290
472
978
136
Bere or Bigg , qrs.
^
Malt . . . qrs.
52
__
■ ,.
,.„
AVheatmeal or flour c^i)^
84,968
255,820
42,714
36,954
3,736
3,280
Barley meal , cwt.
75
_
_
.
Oatmeal . , , cwt.
187
644
21
Rye Meal . , cwt.
36
^_
_^
Indian Meal . . ctvt.
—
—
—
—
—
Dyes and Dyeing Stuffs,
Cochineal . , lb.
413,320
673,094
164,109
168,891
4,103
4,222
Indigo . . .lb.
4,168,395
7,172,698
2,606,771
2,864,274
33,480
36,503
Lac-dye . , , lb.
528,615
642,436
600 646
642,615
1,609
1,721
Logwood , • tuns.
16,744
12,895
15,019
12,669
3,061
2,480
Madder . . . cwt.
94,102
108,855
94,854
106,092
9,602
10,802
Madder Root . cwt.
66,323
85,375
68,657
84,578
1,717
2.124
Shumac . . . civt.
177,832
156,666
178,311
156,364
449
405
Eggs ... number.
Flax, and Tow or Co-
59,964,496
69.084,717
60,121,625
69,168,997
20,916
24,048
dilla of Hemp and
Flax , . . cwt.
740,814
1,529,157
742,705
1,532,059
3,141
6,473
Fruits, viz.
Currants , . cwt.
176,062
187.474
193,690
175.829
214,673
194.879
Figs. . . , cwt.
18,773
12,093
20,745
13,328
15,559
9,996
Lemons l chests
324,438
265,639
302,579
250,812
l 63,658
and number > {loose)
45,015
18,410
33,840
15,717
52,468
Oranges J at value
^.241
^.127 8 7
.e.2,389 3 4
£.2,568 3 9
Raisins . , ctvt.
169,365
176,720
161,374
156,447
120,835
117,190
Gloves, leather . jiairs
1,260,623
1,491,205
1,293,065
1,461,769
24,251
27,558
Hemp, undressed . (ivt.
687,558
586,026
686,695
596,996
2,862
2,847
Hides, untanned . cwt.
350,696
347,471
298,286
332,912
43,604
46,249
Mahogany . . . tuns
19,086
26,495
18,238
24,612
44,387
54,519
Melasscs , . civt.
526,321
528,306
622,974
657,234
280,238
295,715
* All these Accounts are prepared, as appears by the signature, by Mr. Porter, at the head of the
Statistical Department of the Board of Trade. The accounts of the trade of the country are thus
brought, as it were, into a nutshell. Mr. Porter has " done the State some service."— £rf.
The shillings and pence not being inserted cause a slight deviation in the totals.
837-8.] MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.— Pay7mwe«/(«ry Papers. xxix
ARTICLES.
Imported.
Home Consumption.
Gross Amount of
Duty received.
1836.
1837.
1336.
1837. 1
1836. 1
18.V.
Metals: viz.
Copper Ore . cwl.
277,200
367,306
105
53
63
2G
Unwrouglit cwt.
5,3di)
7,435
5
3
7
4
Iron in bars, or un-
wronglit . . Urns
19,750
25,061
17,631
13.908
26,447
28,343
•Sti^el, unwrunglit cwt.
l'.»,:JSf.
21,293
22
209
1
27
Lead, Pi;; . . tims
l,27f.
1.892
2
6
5
14
Spelter . . . cwt.
141,^109
176,515
52,620
47.408
6,520
5,950
Tin , . , cut.
19,704
22,027
3
0,017
9
—
Oil: viz.
Train, Blubber, and
.Spermaceti . tuns
24.197
18.862
23, 88;^
19,807
1.207
1,292
Palm . . , cwt.
260,150
276,974
243,945
235,969
15,244
14.748
Cocoa Nut. . . cwt.
19,S33
25,174
14,317
26,215
895
1.638
Olive and Paran gallons
606. 1G6
2,634.200
569,602
1,893.158
9,621
47.470
Opium . . , llj.
85,491
129.794
31,247
39,118
6,249
4,247
Quielisilver . . . lt>.
2,006,907
1.922.4 -.2
224,619
286.808
936
1,195
Rice .... cwt.
249,537
186,834
104,351
81.010
5,.S65
4,235
Kice in the Husk bushels
302,321
258,727
314,729
29J.444
34.650
33.789
Saltpetre . . civt.
264,338
278,947
219,657
242,131
5,491
6,053
Seeds: viz. Clover cwt.
86,973
94.495
68,573
73,754
68,434
73,562
Flaxseed & Linseed 6s/».
2,206,748
3,328,033
2,170,209
3,194,405
13,654
20,037
Rape . , . bushels.
754,834
577,594
6 JO, 879
561,457
4,318
3,509
Silk : viz.
Raw . , .lb.
3,737,480
4,069,162
4,151,008
4.372.498
17,296
18,219
Waste, Knubs and
Husks . . !b.
1.4 1,964
1,598,023
1,382,872
1.599.. 354
6I7
714
Thrown, of all sorts lb.
215,883
388,353
254,578
294.934
40,691
47,921
Silk Manufactures of
Kuropo :
Silk or Satin, plain . lb.
50,369
65,537
51,330
59.479
28,225
32,716
— figured or broc.ided //).
40,197
71,538
38,044
68,377
32.577
61,105
Gauze, j)lain . . lb.
1,713
458
1,525
361
1,296
308
— tissue, foulards lb.
23,773
15.399
25,633
15,502
23,568
14,267
— striped, figured, or
brocaded . . lb.
33.394
14.691
31,377
14,109
43,144
19,400
Crape, plain . lb.
3,616
3.146
3,098
3.153
2,479
2,523
— figured . . lb
47
7
23
7
21
6
Velvet, plain . . lb.
6,538
13.385
5,921
12.715
6,517
13,987
— figured . . lb.
2,234
3,099
1,933
2,418
2.659
3,326
Other sorts . .
•
-
28,600
32,752
Silk Manufactures of
India : viz.
Bandannah and
other Silk Hand-
kerchiefs . . pieces
388,413
346,401
164,105
131,114
26,534
22,963
Other sorts , .
-
2,787
3,411
Skins: viz.
Ooat, \1ndre33ed nnmbei
.'507,370
405,105
423,965
391,442
883
8L5
Kid, undressed number
253,289
196,. 325
252,600
175.981
4L'
30
— dressed . number
791,462
590,619
791,331
590.469
3,957
2,960
Lamb, undressed numbe>
2,257,273
2,784,313
2,291,334
2,709.078
382
452
— tanned, tawed
or dressed . number
97,325
44,893
84,882
54,. 392
424
274
Spices: viz.
Cassia Lignca • lb
1,966,303
775,672
98,. -564
89.858
2,346
2,242
Cinnamon . , lb
445.367
508.722
17,103
17.476
448
'437
Cloves . . . lb
124,924
18.154
93.. 535
117,119
9,343
5.326
Mace ... lb
20,641
83.842
18.834
22.545
3,312
3, £66
Nutmegs . . lb
435,047
323.561
129,927
115,786
17,100
15,028
Pepper , , lb
3.343.277
7,709.527
2,359,935
2,800,983
118,021
99,517
Pimento , , lb
2.536,353
3,269,233
344,564
400,941
7.178
6,359
Spirits : viz.
Rum galls, (incl. ow-prf)
5.540,170
4.978.947
3,417,682
3,324,892
1.537 .979
1,496,204
Brandy , , .
2,105,755
3,090.161
1,315,071
1,257,955
1.476 .742
1,414,013
22,522
Geneva .
277,141
361.774
19,703
20,004
22.161
Sugar, unrefined : viz.
Of tlie British Pos-
sessions in America cwt.
3,523,947
3,601.162
3,774,821
3,296,655
4,529,792
3,956,896
XXX MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. — Parliamentary Papers. [1837-8.
. ARTICLES.
Imported.
Home Consumption.
Gross Amount of
Duty received.
1836.
1837.
1836.
1837.
1836. 1 1837.
Of Mauritius . . cwt
558,237
491,648
591,952
518,228
£.
709, 78S
£.
621,596
East India of British
Possessions . cwt
101,331
154,979
98,718
110,236
157,945
176,377
East Indiaof Foieij,'n
1
Possessions . cwt
112,314
63,768
4
19
15 61
Other sorts . civt
152,436
326,273
27
14
88i 46
Total OF Su OAK .
4.448,267 1 4,637,832
4.465,524
3.925.154
5.397,632 4.754,976
Tallow . . . cwt
1,043.084
1,183.829
1,011,003
1,318,678
159,597 208.281
Tar .... lasti
ii.ive
9,880
11,850
9.641
8.887 7.231
Tea ... . lb
44,300,550
46.890,225
*36,606,395
49,841,607
3,837,460 ,4,728,617
Timber : viz.
Battens and
Batten Ends lonyhund.\
13,154
17,183
13,401
15,707
128,048
153,593
Deals & Deal
Ends from
British Ame-
rica . . longhund
34,239
37,387
36,125
37,182
54,060
51,520
Deals & Deal
Ends from
other parts . Imighund
27.491
31,865
28,015
31,272
531,725
599.790
Staves . . longhund.
108,506
93,300
100,324
91,480
45,164
57,503
Timber 8 in. sq.
and upwards
from British
America . . Inads
563,034
526,035
555,113
526,866
267,112
253.881
From other parts loads
131,215
161.931
129,885
154,338
356,570
423.909
Tobacco :
Unmanufactured . lb.
25,523,611
44,120.278
21,974.922
22,309,021
3,290,654
3,344,698
Manufactured and
Snuff. . . lb
295,353
141,398
141,837
159,236
63,805
71,560
Turpentine :
Common . . cw
294,103
372,283
301,772
341,693
66,256
74.052
Wine : viz.
Cape . . galhms
587,748
503,994
523,528
542,237
72.020
74,566
Frencli . . gallons
370,446
526 ,,322
293.635
373.508
80.345
102.465
Other sorts . gallons
8,081,357
8,153,785
5,823,370
6,127,222
1,600,237
1,679,622
Additional Duty on
Wine collected by
Excise on Dealers'
Stocks ....
-
-
-
14 —
Total of Wine .
9,039,551
9,184,101
6,640.533
7,042,967
1,752,616 1.856,653
Wool, Cotton : viz.
Ofthe British Posses-
sions in America . lb.
1,495,863
1,326,918
1,511,171 1.345.772
225
200
Ofthe British Posses-
sions in the East
Indies . . . lb.
41.450.707
75,905,279
26.080,702
43,398,761
3,932
6.458
From the United
States of America lb.
284,455,812
289,763,407
269.653,949
287,346,721
351,114
374.151
From Brazil . . lb.
24,98H,409
27,506,369
24,757,678
26,879,779
32.237
35.000
From Esypt . lb.
5,181,017
5,032,974
4.515.935
5,277,568
5,881
6.872
Otherwise imported lb.
6,133,105
7,539,643
5.838.042
6.701.908
7.591
8.717
Total of Cotton Wool
563,702,903
407,074,590
332.357.477
370.950.569
400.980
431,398
Wool, Sheep & LambsVi.
42.174,532
64,106,810 42,740.993 | 60,724,794 |
137,425 190,075
Other Articles .
- -
" " ■ " 1
083,061 741,948
1
Al. l2
2.878.809
23.668,562
The foregoing Statenieut is founded upon Returns transmitted monthly throughout the current year
to the Inspcirtor-general of Imports and Exports from the different Ports of the United Kingdom. Such
Returns exjiibit the gross quantities of Articles entered for consumption, and tlie gross amount of Duty
thereon, witliout reference to deductions for over-entries, &c. This Statement will therefore not agree,
in all points, with the Annual Statement to be compiled after the final adjustment ofthe Custom-house
Records shall have been made.
• Exclusive of 535 lb., the duty on which, amounting to 60?,, was received by the Excise,
t The long hundred of 120.
1837-8.] MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. — Parliamentary Papers. Tixyii
An Account of the Expouts of Ihe principal Articles of Foreign and Co-
lonial Merchandise in the year ended 5th January 1837, compared with the
Exports of the preceding year.
ARTICLES.
Cocoa Nuts, lb. . . •
Coffee, viz. : —
■ B. P. in America, lb.
Sierra Leone, lb.
Mauritius, lb.
Ea.st India, viz., from B. P., lb.
from F. P., lb.
Other sorts, lb.
Corn, viz.
Wheat, qrs. . •
Barley, (jrs. ...
Oats, qrs. . . •
Wheatmeal and Flour, cwt.
Dyes and Dyeing Stuflf's, viz. : —
Cochineal, lb.
Indigo, lb. , .
Lac-dye, lb. . . •
Logwood, tons . . •
Metals, viz,: —
■■ Copper, unwrought, cwt. . .
Iron, in bars or unwrought, tons
Steel, unwrought, cwt.
Lead, Pig, tons
Spelter, cwt.
Tin, cwt. . . •
Oil, Olive, gallons . .
Opium, lb.
Quicksilver, lb. ....
Rice, not in the Husk, cwt. .
Spices, viz. : —
Cassia, Lignea, lb.
Cinnamon, lb. . .
Cloves, lb. ...
Mace, lb. . . .
Nutmegs, lb.
Pepper, lb, . .
. Pimento, lb. . .
Spirits, viz. : —
Rum, gallons*
Brandy, gallons*
Geneva, gallons*
Sugar, viz. : —
B. P. in America, cwt.
Mauritius, cwt. • .
East India, B.P., cwt.
F.P., cwt.
Other surts, cut.
Tobacco, unmanufactured, lb. .
Foreign manufactured, and snuff, lb.
Wine, viz. : —
Cape, gallons ....
French, gallons . . .
Other sorts, gallons,
Wool, Cotton, viz. : —
B. P. in America, lb.
in the East Indies, lb.
Of other parts, lb.
Wool, Sheep and Lambs', lb.
' Including overinoof.
1836.
1837.
2,481,133
332,587
200,258
108,493
1,152J676
3,216,553
1,404,205
406,342
10,529,398
6,950,370
84,992
173,9,33
44,365
18,465
30,791
56,184
165,308
283,862
352,023
435,1334
4,074,598
3,691,951
206,169
200,975
3,696
4,385
6,898
2,206
2,635
4,761
27,224
19,305
1,268
912
69,273
100,043
23,795
17,230
283,734
150.561
74,126
70,824
1,399,236
1,136,821
244,342
180,584
1,432,035
633,083
413,138
421,497
301,554
126,323
17,210
25,322
194,997
180,338
1,246,482
4,151,509
2,462,485
2,337,982
1,678,374
1,279,845
1,117,253
822,919
280,768
331,301
11,455
8,774
1,750
2,637
28,006
22,290
129,035
52,384
200,983
191,901
13,218,897
12,319,405
205,651
436,157
3,184
10,876
113,236
99,112
1,757,161
1,564,536
5,878
19,812
17,104,367
24,804,260
15,669,489
6,855,685
4,101,700
613,707
xxxii MISCELLANEOUS imomiPJiiQ-^.— Parliamentary Papers. [1837-S.
An Account of the Number and Tonnage uf Vessels, distinguishing the Coun-
tries to which they belonged, which entered Inwards and cleared Outwards
in the Year ended 5th January 1837, compared with the Entrances and
Clearances in the preceding Year, ended 5th January 1836 ; stated exclu-
sively of Vessels in Ballast, and of those employed in the Coasting Trade, or
the Trade between Great Britain and Ireland.
Countries
INWARDS.
OUTWARDS.
to which the
1836.
1837.
1836. 1 1837.
Vessels belonged.
Ships. Tonnage
Ships.
Tonnage.
Sliips.
Tonnage. Ships.
Tonnage.
United Kingdom"!
audits Depen- f
dencies . . J
Russia ....
Sweden . , .
Norway . , .
Denmark . . ,
Prussia . . .
Other German \
States . . j
Holland . . .
Belgium . . .
France . . ,
Spain ....
Portugal . . .
Italian States . .
■Other European )
States . . 3
United States of }
America . . j
•Other States inl
America, Afri- >
ca, or Asia . J
11,740
204
130
734
630
572
505
295
282
769
33
60
25
546
G
2,203,026
55,894
16,839
115,914
55,307
121,815
38,333
27.372
29,245
32,058
5.007
6. 530
5,536
238,112
1.866
11,644
225
193
873
772
S73
773
408
309
799
57
83
47
539
3
2,250,173
61,435
26,900
144.162
61.060
175,938
57,843
34.432
37,188
33,805
6,233
9.231
9,608
222,803
656
10,158
118
116
209
671
376
445
370
286
695
30
37
33
547
2
1.744,094
31,502
13,871
25,415
62,324
74,306
40,550
41,560
30,181
46,600
5,447
4,899
8,693
237,074
457
10,216
104
135
213
810
361
528
369
330
807
53
51
50
562
5
1,828,501
29,290
16,252
23,298
68,106
67,462
45.618
36,114
40,624
59,115
6,566
7.033
10,560
254,565
2,413
Total . . .
16, 531
2.952 ,854' 17,603
3,132,367
14,093
2,370,033 [l4,654
2,495,.') 17
An Account of the Number and Tonnage of Vessels which entered Inwards
and cleared Outwards with Cargoes, at the several Ports of the United
Kingdom, in the Year ended 5th January 1837, compared with the En-
trances and Clearances of the preceding Year, ended 5th January 1S3G;
distinguishing the Vessels employed in the intercourse between Great Britain
and Ireland from other Coasters.
INWARDS.
OUTWARDS.
1836.
1837.
1836. 1 1837.
Ships.
■Tonnage.
1.138.147
9.050,-69
Ships.
Tonnage.
Ships.
Tonnagfi.' Ships.
Tonnage.
E'nployed in the I
intercourse be- \
tweenGreat Bri- j
tain & Ireland J
Other Coasting \
Vessels , . ->
10,116
111,213
9.820
113.975
1.179,062
9.158,483
14,608
115,144
1.473,255
9,187,075
1472 5
118.616
1.490,788
9,271,902
Total . .
121,329 10,188.916
123,795
10,337,545
129,752
10,660,330Jl33,341jlO,762,690
Statistical Department, Boardt of Trade,
February 9, 1837.
G. R, Porter
1S37-8.] MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. — Parliamentary Papers xxxii
An Account of the Exports of the principal Articles of British ami liish
Produce and Maiuifactiires, in the Year ended fjth January lb37, compared
with the Exports of the previous Year.
ARTICLES.
Declared Value.
/■
^
1830.
1837.
£.
£. ■
Coals and Culm ....
244, S93
321,112
Cotton Manufactures .
10,421,715
18,891,380
Y'am ....
u,70G.,-)8<)
0,128,233
Earthenware ....
540,421
838.502
Glass
040,410
5.V2.291
Hardwares and Cutler}- .
1,833,043
2,177,102
Linen Manufactures
3,208,778
3,000,222
Metals, viz. : — Iron and Steel .
1,043,741
2,284.110
Copper and Brass .
1,094,749
1,057,175
Lead .
193,144
2.'0,933
Tin, in Bars, &c.
32,290
02,053
Tin plates
3G7,0.')G
300,873
Salt . . . . • .
144,489
172,999
Silk Manufactures . . .
973,780
922,903
Suijjar, Refined ....
852,487
098,190
Wool, Sheep's or Lambs' . .
387,925
332,, 304
Woollen Manufactures . .
Total of the foregoing Articles .
7,149,002
8,158,303
41,437,123
40,79(;,937 !
i
HOP DUTY.
An Account of the Duty
on Hoi)s
of the Growth of tl
10 Y'ear 1837,
Distin-
guishing the Distrit
ts, and the Old from the
New Duty.
District^.'.
Duty.
Districts.
Duiy
Barnstaple .
38
10
4
Lynn .
10 5
' 1
Kaih . . .
22
10
i>
Northampton
14 13
0
Bedford . .
13!i
10
.)
I\.)rwich .
48 0
10
Bristol . .
4
14
8
Oxford . .
07 15
4
Cambridge
9
8
4
Plymouth
0 ti
8
(Canterbury .
GO
511
0
1(1
Reading
30 0
r;
Chester
3
1
0
Rochester
82,080 S
10
Cornwall .
12
1
9
Salisbm-y
5.991 10
G
(Coventry .
0
0
0
Salop . .
10 14
(i
Derby . ,
944
18
8
Slatiovd . .
0 0
4
Dorset
48
5
0
Stourbridge .
3,281 4
.>
Essex
1
535
18
0
Suffolk . .
1,002 17
0
Exeter
43
7
10
Surrey ,
49 14
G
(Gloucester
44
.)
8
Sussex
80,873 2
2
(iranthani
155
9
10
L'xbrid e .
4 12
4
Hants .
8
404
0
8
W.iles Middle
418 8
0
Hereford .
48
237
17
4
^Vales West .
0 4
10
Hertford . .
847
U
2
\\'ehingtou
104 I
10
Isle of Wight
2
14
8
Worcester
10.-04 3
0
Lincoln
• 4
,702
3
6
Old Duty at 1 12-20r/. per lb. .
New Duto -|8-20(/. per lb.
Excise Office, London, Nov. 14.
£310,570 14 0
. . . . 178,578 3 O.V 8-20
. . . . 131, 9^)2 10 11^12-20
£310,570 14 0
W. CoTTUKi.i., General Accountant.
c
xxxiv MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. — Weights and Measures. [1837-8
Tables of the relation of the Imperial Weights and Measures to the
CHIEF Weights and Measures on the Continent.
(From Tales Modern Cambist.)
TROY WEIGHT.
100 Ounces Troy are equal to, in
France. . . 3. 11002 Kilogrammes of 1000 Grammes.
Netherlands . . 3.11002 Ponclen or Kilo, of do.
Hamburgh . . 13.3037 Cologne Marks of 16 Loths.
Prussia. . . 13.301 Prussian Marks of 16 Loths.
Sweden. . . 14.769 Marks of 16 Lods.
Russia . . . 7.597 Pounds of 32 Loths or 96 Solotnicks.
Turkey. . . 9.696 Chequees of 100 Drams.
Austria. . , 11.077 Vienna Marks of 16 Loths.
Naples . . . 116.363 Neapolitan Ounces.
Spain . . . 13.518 Castilian Marks of 8 Ounces.
Portugal . . 13.553 Marks of 8 Ounces.
AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT.
100 lb. Avoirdupois are equal to, in
France . . . 45.35 Kilogrammes.
Netherlands . . 90.71 Half Ponden or Kilogrammes.
Hamburgh . . 93.62 Pounds of 16 Ounces and 32 Loths.
Denmark . . 90.80 Pounds of 32 Lods.
Prussia . . . 96.98 Pounds of 16 Ounces.
Sweden. . . 106.71 Pounds, Victualie Weight,
Russia . . . 110,78 Pounds of 32 Loths.
Turkey, Constant . 35.35 Okes of 400 Drams.
Austria. . . 80.96 Pounds of 16 Ounces.
Naples. . . 141.41 Pounds of 12 Ounces.
Leghorn . . 133.58 Poiuids of 12 Ounces.
Genoa . . . 143.10 Pounds of 12 Ounces.
Spain . . . 98.57 Pounds of 16 Ounces.
Portugal . . 98.82 Pounds of 16 Ounces.
11
2 lb. Avoirdup
ois are equal to, in
France .
50.79
Kilogrammes.
Netherlands .
101.59
HalfPonden.
Hamburg
104.85
Pounds.
Denmark
101.69
Pounds.
Prussia .
108.62
Pounds.
Sweden . .
119.50
Pounds,
Russia .
3,102
Poods of 40 lb.
Turkey, Constant
39,59
Okes,
Austria . .
90.67
Pounds.
Naples .
0.5702
Cantaro of 100 Rottoli.
Leghorn
1.496
Quintal of 100 Pounds.
Genoa .
1.0685
Cantaro of 100 Rottoli.
Spain .
4.416
Arrobas of 25 lb.
Portugal
3.459
Arrobas of 32 lb.
France
Netherlands
Hambiirgh
Denmark
Prussia .
Sweden .
Russia .
Tuikey .
Austria .
Naples .
Leghorn
Do. .
100 Imperial Gallons are equal to, in
454,34 Litres,
454.34 Kans,
62.75 Viertels, 20 to 1 Ahm.
58 . 79 Viertels, 30 to 1 Oxhoft.
396.79 Quarts, 64 to 1 Eimer.
173.66 Kannen, 30 to I Eimer.
36.97 Wedros, 18 to 1 Oxhoft.
86.54 Almudes.
8.03 Eimers.
10.97 Barile of GO Caraffi.
9.96 Barile of 20 Fiasche.
13.58 Barile of Oil.
1837-8.] MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. — Weights and Measuves. xxxy
100 Imperial Gallons are equal to, in
Genoa . . . 0.12 Barile.
Spain . . . 28.10 Cantaios of 8 Azumbras.
Portugal . . 27.47 Alnnules of Lisbon.
Do. . . . 17.83 Do. of Oporto.
10 Lasts or
France .
Netherlands
Hamburgh
Deamaik
Sweden .
Prussia .
Russia .
Turkey .
Austria .
Naples .
Leghorn
Genoa .
Spain
Portugal
Do. .
100 Imperial Quarters are equal to, in
290.77 Hectolitres.
9. GO Lasts of 30 Mudde or Hectolitres.
9.18 Lasts of 30 Scheflfels.
17.42 Lasts of 12 Toendes.
176.41 Tunna of 30 Kappar.
7.34 Lasts of 72 Scheffels.
138.04 Chetwerts.
828 .41 Killows of Constantinople.
472.80 Metzen.
508.58 Tomoli.
397.89 Sacks.
241.51 Mine,
514.78 Fanegas.
2151.5 Alqueires of Lisbon.
1704.7 Do. of Oporto.
France .
Netherlands
Hamburgh
Denmark
Sweden .
Prussia .
Russia .
Turkey .
Austria .
Naples .
Leghorn
Genoa .
Spain
Portugal
100 Yards English are equal to, in
91.4:;
91.43
159.38
145.67
154.00
137.10
128.57
135.21
117.35
43.27
153.87
3G.575
107.83
83.45
Metres.
Klls or Metres.
Ells.
Ells.
Ells.
Ells,_
Arshines.
Pikes.
Ells.
Canne of 8 Palmi.
Braccia.
Canne of 10 Palmi.
Varas.
Varas.
BRITISH MINISTERS ABROAD.
Russia. — Arab. Ex. and Plen., Earl Durham. Sec. of Emb., J. R. Milbanke, Esq.
Sweden. — Env. Ex. . and Min. Plen., Hon. J. Bligh. Sec. of Leg., Hon. J.
Bloomfield.
Prussia. — Env. Ex. and Min. Plen., Lord W. Russell. Sec. of Leg., Sir G. B.
Hamilton.
Denmark. — Env. Ex. and Min. Plen., Rt. Hon. Sir H. W. W. Wynn. Sec. of
lieg., P. Browne, Esq.
Nethpriunds. — Sir E. Dlsbrowe. Sec. of Leg., Sir A. Malet, Bart.
Behjimn. — Env. Ex., Sir Hamilton Seymour. Sec. of Leg., T. W. Waller, Esq.
Austria, — Amb. Ex. and Plen,, Sir l'\ J. Lamb. Sec. of Emb., Hon. H. Fox.
Bavaria. — Env. Ex. and Min, Plen., Lord Erskine. Sec. of Leg,, Hon. R. Bing-
ham.
IVirieinberg. — Env. Ex. and Min. Plen., Sir G. Shee. Sec. of Leg., Hon. II.
Welleslcy.
Saxony. — Min. Plen., Hon. F. R. Forbes. Sec. of Leg., C. T. Barnard, Esq.
Fratice. — Amb. Ex. and Plen., Lord Granville. Sec. of Emb., A. Aston, Esq,
Spain.— ¥a\v. Ex, and Min, Plen., Sir G. W. F. Villiers. Sec. of Leg,, Lord \V,
Hervey,
Portugal. — Env. Ex, and Min. Plen., Lord Howard de Waldeu. Sec, of Leg,,
Hon. G. S, Jerningham,
Sardinia. — Env, Ex. and Min. Plen., Right Hon. Sir A. J. Foster, Sec, of Leg.,
J. H. Sulivan, Esq.
Tuscany. — Env, Ex. and Min. Plen., R. Abercrombie, E-.q. Sec. of Leg., Foley
Wilniot, Esq,
c2
XXXvi MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.— l//wu/er5,<^T. [1837-8
Nap/fs.—Em. Ex. aud Min. Plen., Hon. W. Temple. Sec. of Leg., J. Ken-
nedy, Esq.
Switzeriaml.— Min. Plen., D. R. Morier, Esq. Sec. of U'g . Hon. G. Edgcumbe.
Greece.— Win. Res., Sir E. Lj-ons. Sec. of Leg., P. GrifKth, Esq.
Tttriey.—Amh. Ex. and Plen., Lord Ponsonby. Sec. of Emb., H. Lytton Bul-
wer, Esq.
Pe>-sia.~J. M'Neill, Esq.
Germanic Confederalion. — Min. Plen., to reside with the Diet at Frankfort, T.
Cartwright, Esq. Sec. of Leg., Hon. F. G. Molyneux.
America.— V.m. Ex. and Min. Plen., H. S. Fox, Esq. Sec. of Leg., C. Bank-
head, Esq.
Mexico.— Wm. Plen., K. Pakenham, Esq. Sec. of Leg., Hon. C. Ashburnham.
olumbia — Env. Ex. and Min. Plen., W. Turner, Esq. Sec. of Leg., \V. P.
Adams. Esq.
Brazil.— l^w. Ex. aud Min. Plen., H. C. J. Hamilton, Esq. Sec. of Leg., W. G.
Ouseley, Esq.
United Provinces of the Rio de la P/ala.—Wm. Plen., J. H. MandeviUe, Esq. S.'c.
of Leg.,
FOREIGN MINISTERS IN ENGLAND.
Pussia. — Ambassador, Count Pozzo dl Borgo, Dover-street. Cons. Gen., G.
Benkhauien, Esq., 29, Great Winchester-street.
Stvedm and Norway. — Envoy, Comit Bjnrnstjerna; Sec Baron Rehausen, 13,
Belgrave-place. Cons., C. Tottie, Esq , 17, Grtat St. Helen's.
Prussia. — Ambassador, Baron Bulow, ?, Lower Berkeley-street.
Denmark. — Envoy, J5aron de Blome, 39, Grosvenor-place. Sec, C. Eille, Esq.
Cons., F. Wilson, Esq., C, Warnford-comt.
Holland. — Ambassador, Muns. Dedt-l, 11, Princes street. Cavendish-square. Cons.
Gen., J. ^V. May, Esq., 123, Fenchurch-street.
Belginm. — Envoj^, M. Van de Weyer, 17, Fitzroy-square. Sec, M. Wallez.
Cons., H. Castellain, Esq. 3, Copthall-court.
Austria. — Ambassador, Prince Esterhazy. Cons., N. M. Rothschild, Esq., 2,
New-court, St. Swithin's-lane.
Bavaria. — Env. Baron de Cetto, 3, Hill-st. Cons., A.F. Schaetzler, 44, Fins.-cir.
IVirlemberg. — Charge d'Affiiires, Count Mandelsluh, 39, Somerset-street.
Saxony. — Min. Res , Baron R. de C4ersdorffi 23, Park-street, Grosvenor-square.
Cons. Gen., J. Colquhoun, Esq. 7G, Cornhill.
France. — Ambass., Count Sebastiani, Manchester-square. Sec, M. de Bacourt.
Cons. Gen., M. Durand Si. Andre, 17, Tokenhouse-yard.
Spain. — Minister, D. M. Agiiiliar, 33, Wimpule-st. Cons. Gen., Chev. Barrero.
I'ortugal. — Minister, Bavon Moncorvo, 55, Baker-st. Cons. Gen., F. J. Vanzel-
ler, St. Alban's-place, Bishopsgate-street.
Sardinia. — Envoy, Count St. Martin d'Aglie, 34, Hill-street. Sec, M. Milon.
Cons., J. B. Heath, Esq. 31, Old Jewry.
Sicily. — Envoy, Count de Ludolf, 1, Gloucester-place. Sec, Chev. Vanvitelli.
Cons. Gen., H. Minasi, Esq. 15, Cambridge-street, Edgeware-ruail.
Switzerland. — Cons, Gen., J. L. Prevost, P>sq. 24, Cateaton-street.
Greece. — Min., Sign. Tricoupi, 49, York-terrace, llegent"s-paik.
Turkey. — Env. Ex. and Min. Plen.,
Hanover. — Min. Res., . Sees., H. G. Golfer-
mann and C. Klengermann, Esqrs. Cons., Sir J. Hall, G, Cncus, Minories.
Baden, Hesse Darmstadt, and Hesse Cassel. — Cons., Mr. R. Godeffroy, SO, Cole-
man-street.
Mecklenburt/h Schwerin. — Cons., Mr. C. Kreeft, 121, Fenchurch-sireet.
Hanseulic Peptihiics, Ltilieck, Bremen, and Hamlnrf/h. — Cons. Gen., .7. Colquhotni,
Esq., 12, St. James's-place ; Office, 7C), Cornhill.
Free City of Frankfurt — Cons., J. G. Behrends, Esq. 14, Broad-street Buildings.
America. — Env. Ex. and Min. Plen., Andrew Stevenson, Esq. Cons. Gen., Col.
Aspiuwall. Vice-Cons., J. Le Souef, 1, Bishojisgate-churchyard.
Mexico. — Mins., M. de Santa Maria. Cons., M. Sclnieidnagel, 20, Austin Friars.*
Brazil. — Envoy, Chev. d'Arago Ribeiro, 20, Park-crescent, llegent's-park. Sec,
Chev. Lisboa. Cons. Gen., Jose J. T. d'Araugo, Finsbury-cnambers.
United Provinces of the Bio de la Plata. — Mins.,
Vice-Cons., V. Pazos, l']sq. 20, Mabledon-place, New Road.
Uruguay, — Cons. Gen., Mr. F. Do Lisle, 1, York-place, Portmaii-square.
183r-8.] MISCEM.ANEOUS INFORMATION.— i^/m/A^^;-*, <f-f. XXXvii
GOVERNORS OF BRITISH COLONIES.
lU'UOPEAN.
Jsfe of Man. — Lieiit.-Gov., Cr.l, J, Roady.
Gihra/lar. — Lieut.-Gov., Jlajor-Gen. Sir A. Woodford, K.('.K.
Malta. — Lieut. -Gov., Major-Gou. Sir II. F. lioiiverie, K.C.B.
Ionian I.i/aiidx. — Liinit.-Gen. Sir H. DouLjlas, Hart.
lleligolamV. — Guv., Major- Gen. Sir II. King.
AMERICAN.
Lower Canada. — Gov. Gen.,
Upper Canada. — LiRiit.-Gov., Sir F. B. Iload, Bart.
Nova Scotia. — Lieut.-Gov.. Mujor-Gtni. Sir G. Campbell.
Nciv Hri/iiswick — Lieut.-Gov., Major-Gen. Sir .John Harvey, K.C.H.
Prince F-dnwd h/nnd. — Licut.-Gov., Sir C. A. Fitzroy, K.II.
Nrv'foundland. — Gov., Capt. H. Presct)tt, ll.N.
.himaica. — Gov,, Lieut.-Gen. Sir L. Smith, K.C.B.
Barbadues, St. Vincent, Granada, Tubajo. — Gov., Major-Gen. Sir E. J. M. M'Gre-
gor, Bart.
*'/. Fincenl. — Lieut.-Gov., Capt. G. Tyler.
Granada. — Lieut.-Gov , Lieut.-Col. C. J. Doyle.
Toba(jo. — Lieut.-Gov., IVIajor-Gen. II. C. Darling.
Antigua, Montserrat, St, Christopher'' s, Nevis, Virgin Islands, and Dominica. —
Gov.-Gen.. Lieut.-Col. Sir W. M. G. Colebrooke.
St. C/iristophers. — Lieut.-Gov., Lieut.-Col. Sir H. G. M'Leod.
Dominica. — II. Light, Esq.
British Guiana {Denterara, Esscquibo, and Berbice), — Gov., Major-Gen. Sir J. C.
Smilh.
Trinidad. — Lieut.-Gov., Right Hon. Sir G. F. Hill.
iS7. Lucia. — Lieut.-Gov., Sir D. St. Leger Hill.
Bermuda, — Gov., Major-Gen. Sir S. R. Chapman.
Bahama Islands. — Lieut.-Gov., Col. F. Cockburn.
ASIATIC. _
Ceijlon. — Gov., Right Hon. J. A. S. Mackenzie.
AFRICAN.
St. Helena. — Gov.. ]\Iajor-Gen. Middlemore.
Cape of Guod Hope. — Gov., Major-Gen. G. T. Napier, C.B.
Mauritius. — Gov., Lieut.-Gen. Sir W. Xicolay.
Sierra Leonr. — Gov., Col. R. Doherty.
Gambia, — Lieut.-Gov.,
AUSTRALASIAN.
New South Wales, — Gov., Sir G. Gipps.
Fan Diemens Land, — Lieut.-Gov., Captain Sir J. Franklin, R.N.
Swan River, — Gov.. Sir J. Stirling.
South Australia. — Gov., Capt. Ilindmarsh, R.N.
INDIAN EMriRK.
Bengal. — Gov.-Gen., Lord Auckland.
Madras, — Gov., Lord Elphinstone.
liombag. — Gov., Sir R. Grant, G.CH.
.•7^?-a.— Gov., Sir C. T. Metcalf.
BRITISH CONSULS ABROAD.
C. signijies Consul. I V.C. . . . Vice Consul.
C.G. ... Consul General, \ C.A. . . . Consular Agent,
Russia: — St. Petersburgh, Thomas J. Norway: — Christiania,G. Mygind, C.
Gisborne, C. Bergen, John Grieg, C.
Archangel, Thos. Carew Hunt, C. Hammeriest, J. R. Clrowe, C.
Riga, Robert Hay, C. Denmark : — Elsinore, Francis C. Mac-
Liebau, Francis Keinitz, C. gregor, C.
Warsaw, Charles John Barnett, C. Copenhagen, N. A. Fenwick, V, C.
Odessa, James Yeames, C. G. Prussia: — Dantzic, II. R. Flaw, C.
Taganrog, William Yeames, V. C. Konigsberg, J.|D. IJrockmann, V. C.
Sweden : — Stockholm, George Foy, C. Pillau, C* E. Elsasser, V. C.
Gottcnburgh, Hen. Thos. Liddell, C. Memel, W.J. Ilertslet, V. C.
xxxviii MISCELLANEOUS iNFORMATiON.—Gwernof*— Cowsm/5. [1837-8.
Stettin, F. H, Peterson, V. C.
Germany : — Hamburgh, Henry Can-
ning, C. G.
Ditto. Charles Wesselhoeft, V. C.
Bremen, B. Pearkes, V. C.
Lubeck, W. L. Behncke, V. C.
Cuxhaven, Henry H. Dutton, V. C.
Holland: — Amsterdam, Robt. Melvil,C.
Rotterdam, Alexander Ferrier, C.
Belgium : — Antwerp, George de H. Lar-
pent, C.
Osteud, Gaspard A. Fauche, C.
France: — Paris, Tliomas Pickfbrd, C.
Calais, Samuel G. Marshall, C.
Boulogne, William Hamilton, C.
Havre, Gilbert Gordon, C,
Nantes, Henry Newman, C.
Brest, Anthony Perrier, C.
Charente, John Frank Close, C.
Bordeaux, T. B. G. Scott, C.
Bayonne, J. V. Harvey, C.
Marseilles, Alexander Tiirnbull, C.
Toulon, L. E. Jouve, C.
Corsica, A. P. Palmedo, C.
Granville, A. White, C.
Spain: — Madrid, G. A. Alonzo, C. A.
Bilbao, J. Clark, C.
Corunna, J. Crispin, C. •
Cadiz, J. M. Brackenbury, C.
San Lucar, Charles Phillippe, V. C.
Malaga, William P. Mark, C.
Carthagena, Matthew Carter, C.
Alicante, Jasper Waring, C.
Barcelona, James Annesley, C.
Mahon, L. C. Hargrave, C.
Teneriffe, Richard Bartlett, C.
St. Jago de Cuba, John Hardy, C.
Havana, C. D. Tolme, C.
Portugal: — Lisbon, William Smith, C.
Ditto, Jeremiah Meagher, V. C.
Oporto, Edwin J. Johnston, C.
Madeira, Henry Veitch, C.
St. Michael's, William Harding
Read, C. G.
Ditto, R. C. Kendall, V. C.
Fayal, John Minchin, V. C.
Terceira, Hilliard Alton, V. C.
Italy : — Genoa, James Stirling, C.
Nice, Peter Le Croix, C.
Cagliari, George Bomesteer, C.
Leghorn, John Falconar, Ct
Ancona, George Moore, C.
Rome, John Freeborn, V. C.
Naples, William Gallwey, C.
Gallipoli, Richard Stevens, V. C.
Otranto, Francisco V. Corchia, V. C.
Palermo, John Goodwin, C.
Messina, W. W. Barker, C.
jiustrian States : — Milan and Venice,
Sir Thomas S. Sorell, C. G.
Venice, Wm. Colston Tatam, V.C.
Trieste, Henry Bynner, V. C.
Flume, Charles Thomas Hill, V. C.
Ragusa.
Greece: — Prevesa, Sid. S. Saimders,C.
Patras, G. W. Crowe, C.
Pyrgos, Anastasis Pasqualigo, V. C.
Napoli, J. D. Griffiths, V. C.
Syra, Richard Wilkinson, C.
Turkey: — Constantinople, John Cart-
wright, C. G.
Ditto, A. C. Cumberbatch,V. C.
Erzeroom, James Brant, V. C.
Trebizond, H. Suter, V. C.
Dardanelles, C. A. Lander, V. C.
Salonica, Charles Blunt, C.
Bucharest, R. G. Colquhoun, C.
Adrianople, John Kerr, C.
Smyrna, R. W. Brant, C.
Ditto, John Charnaud, V. C.
Scio, G. D. Vedova, V. C.
Tunis, Sir T. Reade, C. G.
W. Ancram, V. C.
Tripoli, H. Warrington, C. G.
Begnazi, T. Wood, V. C.
Algiers, R. W. St. John. C. G.
A. Tulin, V. C.
Oran, John Bell, V. C.
Tangier, E. Drummond Hay, C. G.
Syria : — Damascus, W. P. Farren, C.G.
Beyrout, Niven Moore, C.
Cyprus, A. Vondiziano, V. C.
Candia, H. S. Ongley, C.
Aleppo, N. W. Werry, C.
Egypt: — Cairo, Patr. Campbell, Agent
and C. G.
Ditto, A. Walne, V. C.
Alexandria, Robert Thurburn, C.
Ditto, Charles Slgane, V. C. and
Cancellier.
Damietta, Michael Surur, V. C.
Rosetta, Alexander Lenzi, V. C.
United States : — New York, James Bu-
chanan, C.
Philadelphia, Gilbert Robertson, C.
Charleston, William Ogilby, C.
New Orleans, John Crawford, C,
Boston, George Manners, C.
Baltimore, John M'Tavish, C.
Mobile, James Baker, C.
Norfolk, William Gray, C.
Savannah, Edmund Molyneux, C.
Portland, Thomas Sherwood, V. C.
Mexico : — Mexico, J. Parkinson, C.
San Bias, Eustace Barron, V. C.
V^era Cruz, Francis GifFard, V. C.
Tampico, J. T. Crawford, V. C.
Hayti : — Port au Prince, G. W. C. Cour-
teiiay, C.
Ditto, Thomas Ussher, V. C.
Cape Haitien, Harrison J. Thomp-
son, V. C.
Guatemala : — Guatemala. Fred. Chat-
field, C.
Columbia : — Carthagena, P. W. Kelly,
C.
Jlaracayho, Robert Mackay, C.
Caracas, Sir Robert Ker Porter, C.
1837-8.] MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.— A^rtry Agents. xxxix
Panama, Josej)h Cade, G. Buenos Aijrcs : — Buenos Ayres, Charles
Guayaquil, Walter Cope, C. Griffiths, C.
Puerto Cabello, T. J. Willimott, C. C/ii/i: — Valparaiso, Honourable John
£rfln7;— Rio lie Janeiro, R.Hesketh.C. Walpole, C. G.
Maceio, Balilwin Sealy, V. C. Ditto, V. C.
Maranhau), .lohii Moon, C. Peru: — Lima. Belford II. Wilson, C.G.
Para, John Hesketl), V. C. Ditto, Timothy S. Sealy, V. C.
Pernarabuco, Edward Watts, C. Arica, II. Wilson, C
Bahia. C. T. O'Gorman, C. Bolivia, J. Peutland, C. G.
Mottle yideo : — Monte Video, Thomas Sandwich Islanda ; — W'oahoo, Richard
Samuel Hood, C. G. Charlton, C.
NAVY AGENTS.
[Frotn the Navy List,']
NAVY AND PRIZE AGENTS IIKSIDENT IN LONDON.
Atkius and Son, 7, Walbrook. Goode Fred., 15, Surrey-street, Strand.
Barwis William II. B., 1, New Boswell Halford James, 41 , Norfolk-st., Strand.
Court, Lincoln's-inn. Hallett & Robinson, 14, Gt. George-st.
Booth and Pettet, 10, Lancaster- place, Hinxmau J., 72, Gn^at Russel-street.
Waterloo Bndt^e. Holmes W^iUiam, .3, Lyon's-inn.
Chard William and Edward, 3, Chf- LoudonsackC.F., 1, James-st., Adelphi.
ford's-inn. Fleet-street. Muspratt John P., 9, New Broad-street,
Chippendale J., John-street, Adelphi. Ominanney Sir F. M., Kt. 22, Norfolk-
Clementson Chas., 8, Adelphi-terrace. street, Strand.
Collier Thomas, and John Adolphus Slade^Villiam, 21, Cecil-street, Strand.
Snee, 3, Brick-court, Temple. Stilwell Thomas John and Thomas, 22,
Copland J., 23, Surrey-street, Strand. Arundel-street, Strand.
Dufaur Joseph, 13, Clements-inn. Woodhead Jos., 1, James-st., Adelphi.
Evans &Eyton, 7,Northum.-st, Strand.
AGENTS FOR OFFICERS OF THE ROYAL MARINES,
Messrs. Cox and Son, Hattoa-Garden.
LIST OF LICENSED NAVY AGENTS FOR PETTY OFFICERS AND
SEAMEN.
With the Dates of their Licences respectively.
N.B. Each Licence expires three years after the Date thereof.
Barber Lewis (^Merchant), Malta . . . . IG Nov. 33
Barnard Rebecca (ividow and executrix of David Barnard') 17,
High-street, Southampton . . . . .6 Mar. 35
Chambers George, and Chambers Wm. Grant, 24, Hard, and 58,
High-street, Portsmouth . . . . .30 Sept. 36
Cohan Lewis, Chatham . . . , ,3 Feb. 35
Davis Noah, 131, RatelifFe High., and at 55, High-st., Gravesend 13 Nov. 35
Davis Martha (undow of S. S. Davis) 68, High-street, Chatham . 5 Sept. 37
Edmoud Owen Copner, No. 11, Groat St. Helens, Bishopsgale-
street, and East India Chambers, Leadenhall-street . ,8 Dec. 34
Edwards J., 34, Union-street, Purtsea . . . .3 Aug. 37
Isaac Philip, 50, Great Prescott-street, Goodman's Fields . lU May 37
Isaacs Sam., 37 and 54, Havant-st , and 20, CoUege-st., Portsea 18 April 36
Joseph Moss, 8, Nelson-street, Liverpool {limited to certain Orders
dated on or brfore 8 Nov. 34, made in favour of' Samuel Joseph,
of Liverpool, and by htm endorsed in favour of Moss Joseph^ . 24 Feb. 35
Nathan Joseph, 52, Great Prescott-street, Goodman's Fields . 8 June 36
Levi B., 45, Bedfoid st., Plymouth .... 25 Aug. 35
Marks Charles, 17, Treville Street, Plymouth . . , 29 Dec. 34
Martell George, 1, St. Mary-street, Portsmouth . . . 7 Mar. 35
Mordecai, M. 71, Fore-street, Devonport . . . 24 April 37
Moses Abraham, 30, St. .lames-street, Portsea . . . 22 Dec. 35
Neck Edmund, 22, Com. Hard, Portsea . . .4 Dec. 35
Oliver Robert Moon, 36, Chapel-street, Devonport . . 17 Oct. 36
Philpot John, 35, St. Swithin's-lane, London . . .4 Nov. 36
Rogers Robert, 93, Queen-street, Portsea , . .28 Oct. 36
X MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.— i4n«y ^o-en^5, ^c. [1837-8.
Solomon Samuel. Hij^h-strect, Chatham (/imited to Orders dated
previoi/>;{if to 29 j4i/iji/s/, IS31) .... 11 Feb. 35
Solomon Moses, 8, Ovdnance-row, Portsea . . .9 April 35
Holomoii L., 89, High-street, Chatham . , , .24 Oct. 3G
Symuns John, Devonport . . . . .19 .Tuly 36
\\ erntr J., 5; Queen-street, Goklen-squaro. . , . 20 Jan. 37
ARMY AGENTS,
l^Frojn the Ariny List.'\
Ashley and Son, 135, Regent Street.
Atkinson John, Ely Place, Dublin.
Earron and Smith, 4, U[iper Charles Street, Westminster,
Borough, Sir Edward R.. Bt., Armit and C'o., Leinstcr Street, Dublin.
Cane Richard and Co., Daws(ni-.street, Dublin.
CoUyer, Geo. Sam., Park-place, St. James's.
Cox and ('o., Craig's Court.
Cox and Son, {for Royal I\TaritiesC) 44. Ilatton Garden.
Downes Cha., 14, Warwick-street, Charing Cross.
Hopkinson, Barton, and Knj vett, 3. Regent-street, St. James's.
Kirkland John, 80. Pall Mall.
Lawrie John and John i\rGrigor, 10, Charles-street, St. James's-square.
Price William F., 34, Craven-street, Strand.
GENERAL AGENTS FOR THE RECRUITING SERVICE.
//I Great Britain, John Kirkland, Esq., No. 80, Pall Mall.
In Ireland . . Sir Bagenal Wm. Burdett, Bt., Dublin.
PARLIAMENTARY AGENTS.
Bain George, 2, Parliament-street. Jones & Walmsley. 40, Parlianient-st.
Brown TiJ, 21, Parliament-street. Mac Dougal & Upton, 46, Parlianmt-st.
Bur!<e and \'enables, 44. Parlianient-st. JIundell A, 37, Great George-street.
Caldwell and Son, 29, Golden-square. Richardson and Connel, 21, Fludyer-st.
Deans and Dunlop, Fhidyer-street. Spottiswoud & Robertson, Gt.George-st.
Doringlon. Hayward, & C0..IG. Par!.-st, Sydney Sir W. R., 11, New Palace-yd.
Dyson ami Hall. 22, Parliament-street. Tliorp, Pritt, & Sherwood, 2. Parl.-st.
Graham A., 2, Great Scotland-yard. Webster G., 1, Old Palace-yard.
BANKS IN LONDON, viz..
Bank of England, Tlireadneedle-street.
Branch Banks. — Birminj;liam — ISrisiol — Gloucester — Hull— Leeds — Liverpoul-
Miincliester — Newcastle upon Tyne — Nurwicli — ri\ mouth — Portsmouth-
Swansea.
London Joint Stock Bank, Princes-street.
London and Westminster Bank:
HEAD OFFICE. 38, Thro;.'morton-strect.
Westminster ]3ranch 9, Waterloo I'late, Tall Mall.
]?loomsburv 15ranch 213, ni;,'h Holhorn.
."^outliwark'Branch 12, Wellington-street, Borough.
Eastern liianch 87, High-street, Whileehai.el.
Borough of Mary-le-bone Bank, 9, Cavendish-square.
British North American Bank, 7, St. Helen's Place.
Colonial Bank, 62, Old Broad-street.
Dundee Union Branch Bank, 2, Billetcr-squarc.
Finsbury Bank [Branch of Borough of Mary-le-bone] Goswell Road.
Foreign Banking Company, 32, Lombard-street.
Natitnial Bank of Ireland,"39, Old Broad-street.
National Provincial Bank of England, 13. Austinfriars.
I'rovincial Bank of Ireland. 42, Old Broad-street.
Surrey, Kent, and Sussex Banking Company, 71, Lombard-street.
BANKERS IN LONDON.
Ashley. J.imes, and Son. 13.5. Regent-street.
Bank of Australasia, 18, Aldermanhury.
Barclay, Bevan, and Co., 54, Lombard-street.
1837-8.] MISCELLANKOUS INFORMATION.— /?«?;/{0-5.
Barnavd, Dimsdiile, and Barnard, JO, Cornhill.
Barnetts, Hoarp. and Co., (i'2, Lmnbard-strcct.
Eij^Ljcrstaff's, S, West Sinitiifiuld.
Bo-sanquft, Pitt, and Co., 73, Lumhaid-sfreet.
Bouverio. Lefevre, and Co., 1], llayniarkot.
Brown, Jan.son, and Co , 32, Aljchnrch-lanc.
Call, Sir W. Y. Marten, and Co., 25, Old Bond-street,
(Jliihi and Co.. 1, Fleet-stieet.
Cockbnrn and Co., -1, Wliitehall.
Cockerell and Co., 8, Aiistinfriar.s.
Cocks, Biddulpli, and Biddulph, 43, Chariiig-cross.
Coutts and Co., .')!), Siiand.
C'.mliflfe and Co., 29, Lombard-street,
Ciinliffi', Rotter, 21, Bueklcrsbuv}-.
(Jurries and Co., 29, Cornhill.
Davies, R., and Co., 190, Sboredilch.
D'nison and Co., 4, Lom^)ard-street.
Dixon, Son, and Brooks. 2.'), Chancery-lano.
Dorvien, JMello, Dorrit-n, and Co., 22, Finch-lane.
Drewstt and Fowler, Princes-street, Bunk.
Drumnionds and Co., 4!), Cliarinuj-cr^iss.
Feltham, John, iind Co.. 42, Lombard-street.
Fuller, Richard and (Teor!:;;c. and Co., 84, Cornhill,
Glyn, Hallifax, Mills, and Co, fiZ, Lombard-street,
(■losling, F. and W,, and R. .Sharpc, 19, Fleet-street.
Grote, Prcscott, and Co., ('2, Tiueiidneedle street.
Flallett and Co., 14, Great George-street, 'Westminster.
Hammersleys and Clark, G9, Pall-mall.
Ilanbnrys, Taylor, and Lloyds, 60, Lonibar<l-street.
Hankeys and Co., 7, Fenchurch-street.
Ilerries, Farquhai". Ilallid.iy, and Co., Ki, St. James'bbtreet.
Hill and .Son, 17. West Sm'ithiield.
Iloare, Henry, and Co.. ,'!3, Fleet-street.
Hopkinson, Barton, C, and Co., 3, Regent-street.
Jones, Lloyd, and Co., 43, Lothbury.
.Fones and Son, 41, West Smithtield.
.lohnston and Co., 15, Bosh-lane,
Keil, James, 2, B;lliter-S(|nare.
King, Charles, and Co., 24, Bolton-street, Piccadilly.
Kin;och and Sons, 1, New Broad-street,
Ladbrokes, Kin^sote, and Co., Bank-buihlings, Cornhill.
Lubbock, Foster, and Co., 14, Mansion-house-slrett.
Martin, Stone, and Stone, 6S, Lombard-street.
Masterman, Peters, Mildred, and Co., 3j, Nicholas-lane.
I\Iiddlesex County Bank, 17, Bncklersbury.
Overend and Co., G.i, Lombard-street.
Pares and Heygates, G, New Broad-street.
Pocklin3:ton and Lacy, 60, West Smithfield.
Praed, Mackworth, and Co., 189, Fleet street.
Price and Co., King ^Villlam-street.
Puget, Bainbridges, and Co., 12, St. Paul's Churchyaid.
Ransom and Co., 1, Pall-mall East.
Robarts, Curtis, and Co., 15, Lombard-street.
Rogers, Olding, and Co., 29, Clement's-lane.
Scott and Co., 1, ("avcndiiih-square.
Smith, Payne. an<l Smiths, 1, Lombard-street,
Snow and Paul, Sir J. B., Bart., 217, Strand.
.Spooner, Attwoods, and Co., 27, (iracechurch-street.
Stallard, W. II., 7G, West Smithfield.
Stevenson and Salt, 20, Lombard-street.
Twining, Richard, Geortje, and J. A-, 21'), Strand.
Thomas, Son, and Lefevre, 2], Austinfriars.
Tisdall, Thomas G., l.i. West Smithfield.
Vere, Sapte, and Co.. 77, Lombard-street.
Wakefield and Co., 70, Old Broad-street.
xlii MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. — Statutes. [1837-8.
A LIST of the Public General Statutes passed in the Third Ses-
sion of the Twelfth Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland.
7 WILLIAM IV. & 1 VICTORIA.
7 WILLIAM IV.
I. An Act to suspend for a limited time the operation of two acts passed in
the last Session of Parliament, for rcf^isteriug births, deaths, and marriages
in England, and for marriages in England,
II. An Act to amend an Act passed in the seventh year of His present Ma-
jesty, for consohdating and amending the laws relating to the presentment of
public money by grand juries in Ireland.
III. An Act for transferring to the Commissioners of the Admiralty all con-
tracts, bonds, and other securities entered into with the Postmaster General in
relation to the Packet Service.
IV. An Act to continue, untU the first day of July one thousand eight hun-
dred and thirty-seven, the powers of the Commissioners for inquiring concerning
charities in England and Wales,
V. An Act for amending an Act of his late Majesty, for restricting the punish-
ment of leasing-makiug, sedition, and blasphemy, in Scotland,
VI. An Act to apply the sum of two millions to the service of the year one
thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven.
VII. An Act for punishing mutiny and desertion, and for the better payment
of the Army and their quarters.
VIII. An Act for the regulation of His Majesty's Royal Marine forces while
on shore.
IX. An Act to amend several Acts relating to the Royal Mint,
X. An Act to alter, amend, and continue for a certain period, an Act for
repealing certain Acts relating to the removal of poor persons born in Scotland
and Ireland, and chargeable to parishes in England, and to make other provi-
sions in lieu thereof.
XI. An Act to apply the sum of eight millions, out of the Consolidated Fund,
to the service of the year one thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven,
XII. An Act to indemnify such persons in the United Kingdom as have
omitted to qualify themselves for offices and employments, and for extending the
time limited for those purposes respectively until the twenty-fifth day of March
one thousand eight hundred and thirty-eight; and for the relief of Clerks to
Attorneys and Solicitors in certain cases,
XIII. An Act to amend the Acts for regulating the General Penitentiary at
Mdlbank,
XIV. An Act to explain and amend two Acts relating to Trial by Jury in
Scotland.
XV. An Act to discharge His Majesty's manor and demesne lands at Newark
in the county of Nottingham from any costs of rebuilding or repairing Trent and
Markham bridges, and to charge the same on the other hereditary revenues of
the Crown,
XVI. An Act for raising the sum of eleven millions by Exchequer Bills, for
the service of the year one thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven.
XVII. An Act for carrying to the Consolidated Fund certain Moneys paid
into the ICxchequer, and usually applied as a part of the annual Aids and Sup-
plies ; and for cancelling Stock transferred to the Commissioners for the Reduc-
tion of the National Debt on account of the redemption of Land Tax,
I VICTORIA.
XVIII. An Act for continuing until the first day of June one thousand eight
hundred and thirty-nine, and to the end of the then Session of Parliament, the
several Acts for regulating tlie Turnpike Roads in Great Britain wliich will
expiie with the present or with the next Session of Parliament.
XIX. An Act to empower the Recorder or other person presiding in Quarter
Sessions in corporate cities and towns, and Justices of the Peace for counties,
ridings, or divisions, to divide their respective Courts in certain cases.
XX. An Act for transferring and vesting the Royal military canal, roads,
towing-paths, and the ramparts and other works l)elonging thereto, and all estates
1837-8.] MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.— Sifl^M^e?^, xliii
and property taken and occupied for the same, in the counties of Kent and
Sussex, and also the rates and tolls arising therefrom, in the principal OflKcers
of Her Majesty's Ordnance.
XXI. All Act to amend the Acts for the extension and promotion of public
works in Ire/and.
XXII. An Act to explain and amend two Acts passed in the last session of
Parliament, for marriages, and for registering births, deaths, and marriages
in Eiig/and.
XXIII. An Act to abolish the punishment of the pillory.
XXIV. Au Act to explain and amend au Act of the seventh year of His Ma-
jesty King George the Fourth, to provide for improving and rebuilding shire-
halls, county-halls, and other buildings for holding the assizes and grand
sessions, and also judges' lodgings, throughout England and Wales.
XXV. Au Act to make mure effectual provisions relating to the police in the
district of Dublin metropolis.
XXVI. An Act for the amendment of the laws with respect to wills.
XXVII. An Act for granting to Her Majesty, until the filth day of July one
thousand eight hundred and thirty-eighty certain duties on sugar imported
into the United Kingdom, for the service of the year one thousand eight
hundred and thirty-seven.
XXVIII. An Act to amend an Act of the third and fourth years of His late
fllajesty, for the limitation of actions and suits relating to real property, and
for simplifying the remedies for trying the rights thert to.
XXIX. An Act for enabling Her Majesty to grant the rank of General officers
to foreigners now bearing Her Majesty's commission, and to permit the enlist-
ment of foreigners under certain restrictions.
XXX. An Act to abolish certain offices in the superior courts of common law,
and to make provisioir for a more effective and uniform establishment of
officers in those courts.
XXXI. An Act for continuing military commissions and commissions in the
Royal Marines in force notwithstanding the demise of the Crown.
XXXII. An Act to repeal the several laws relating to the post-oflice.
XXXIII. An Act for the management of the post-office.
XXXIV. An Act for the regulation of the duties of postage.
XXXV. An Act for regulating the sending and receiving of letters and
packets by the post free from the duty of postage.
XXXVI. An Act for consolidating the laws relative to offiinces against the
post-office of the United Kingdom, and for regulating the judicial administration
of the post-office laws, and for explaining certain terms and expressions em-
ployed in those laws.
XXXVII. An Act to continue until the first day of July in the year one thou-
sand eight hundred and thirty-eight, and from thence to the end of the then
next session of Parliament, an Act for the more effectual administration of
the office of a justice of the peace in and near the metropolis.
XXXVIII. An Act for raising the sum of thirteen millions six hundred and
twenty-three thousand three hundred pounds by exchecjuer bills, for the service
of the year one thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven.
XXIX. Au Act to interpret the words" sheriff'," " sheriff clerk," "shire,"
" sherifldom," and '• county," occurring in Acts of Parliament relating to Scot-
land.
XL. An Act to continue an Act of the fifty-fourth year of His Majesty King
George the Third, for rendering the payment of creditors more equal and ex-
l)editious in Scotland, until the first day of May one thousand eight hiuulred
and thirty-eight, and from thence to the end of the then next Session of
Parliament.
XLI. An Act for the more effectual recovery of small debts in the sheriff
courts, and for regulating the establishment of circuit courts for the trial of
small debt causes by the sheriffis. in Scotland.
XLI I. An Act to continue until the thirty-first day of December one thousand
eight hundred and thirty-eight, and from thence to the end of the then next
Session of Parliament, an Act of the ninth year of His Majesty King George
the Fourth, for the administration of justice in New South Wales and Van
Diemen's Land.
XLIII. An Act to amend the laws for the recovery of small debts by civil bill
in Ireland,
Xliv MISCELLANEOUS lNFOnUA.TlOfJ.—Siatutes. [1837-8.
XLIV, An Act to provide for the costs of prosecutions for concealin';^ the birth
of children by secret Imryinir or otherwise disposing of their dead bodies.
XLV. An Act to alter the mode of giving notices for the holding of vestries,
of making proclamations in cases of outlawry, and of giving notices on Sundays
with respect to various matters.
XLYI. An Act to vest the IJolls estate in Her Majest)', and to provide for
the future payment of the salary of the master of the rolls and the expenses of
the rolls chapel.
XLVII. An Act to repeal the prohibition of the payment of the salaries and
alloAvances of the East India Company's officers during their absence from their
res])ective stations in India.
XLVIII. An Act to appoint a second commissioner of bankrupts in Ireland;
and to amend an Act passed in the sixth and seventh years of the reign of His
hite Majesty King William the Fourth, intituled an Act to amend the laws re-
ating to bankrupts in Ireland.
XLIX. An Act to amend certain laws of excise relating to tlie duties on malt
made in the United Kingdom.
L. An Act to facilitate the conveyance of lands and buildings for the purposes
of two Acts passed respectively in the fifth and sixth years of His lite Majesty
King William the Fotuth.
LI. An Act to authorize a further issue of exchequer bills for public works
and fisheries and employment of the poor, and to amend the Acts relating
thereto.
LII, An Act to suspend to the end of the next Session of Parliament the
making of lists and the ballots and enrolments for the militia of the United
Kingdom.
LI II. An Act to explain and amend an Act of the sixth and seventh years of
His late Majesty, for extinguishing the Secular Jurisdiction of the Archbishop
of York and the Bishop of Ely, im certain liberties in the counties of York, Not-
tingham and Cambridge.
LIV. An Act to provide more efFectual means to make treasurers of counties
and comities of cities in Ireland account for public moneys, and to secure the
same.
LV. An Act for better regulating the fees payable to Sheriffs upon the exe- "
cution of civil process.
LVI. An Act for amending the several Acts for the regulation of attorneys and
solicitors.
LVII. An Act to impose certain duties of excise on sugar made from beet-
root in the United Kingdom.
LVIII. An Act to revive and continue, until the si.^th day of April one thou-
sand eight hundred and thirty-eight, an Act of the last session of Parliament,
for suspending proceedings for recovering paym.ent of the money advanced under
the Acts for establishing tithe compositions in Ireland.
LIX. An Act to postpone until the first day of January one thoxisand eight
hundred and thirty-nine, the repayment of certain sums advanced by the Bank of
Ireland for the public service.
LX. An Act for correcting mistaken references to His late Majesty in Acts of
this session of Parliament.
LXI. An Act to extend an exemption granted by an Act of the last session of
Parliament from the duties of assessed taxes, in resjiect of certain carriages with
less than four wheels, and to amend the laws relating to the said duties.
LXI I. An Act to atithorize Iler Majesty, \mtil six months after the commence-
ment of the next session of Parliament, to carry into iinmediate execution, by
orders in council, any treaties, conventions, or stipulations made with any foreign
power or state for tlie suppression of the slave-trade.
LXIII. An Act to defray the charge of the pay, clothing, and contingent and
other expenses of the disembodied militia in Great Britain and Ireland; and to
grant allowances in certain cases to subalter-n officers, adjutants, paymasters,
quartermasters, surgeons, assistant-surgeons, surgeons' mates, and Serjeant
majors of tlie militia, until the first day of July one thousand eight hundred and
thirty-eight.
LXIV. An Act for regulating the coroners of the county of Durham.
LXV. An Act to render valid certain Acts done in the performance of duties
in the Court of Exchequer in Scotland hy the Lord Ordinary on the Rills in the
Court of Session, and for the better regulation of the said Court of Exchequer.
1837-8.] MISCELLANEOUS INFOKMATION. — .SV^/w/r'.y. xlv
LXVI. An Act to extend to Iiehuul the Al'I i-t the fifth ami sixth years of
His hile Majesty's viii<^n, comoVidnUng und iimendin^ tlie l;iws relating to the
cruel and inipioijer tieataient of auinuils.
LXVII. An Act to iunend an Act of the llfih year of His Majesty Kiii"
George the Fourth, for consolidating and amending the laws relative to the arbi^
Iration ofdisputes between masters and workmen.
LXVIII. All Act to provide for payment of the expenses of holding coroners'
inquests.
LXiX. An Act to amend an Act for the commutation of tithe.*) in England
and AVales.
LXX. An Act to authorize the commissioners for the affairs of India and the
Court of Directors of the Kjist India Company to suspend the subsisting enact-
ments concerning the fourfold system of nomination of candidates for the Ka-t
India Company's college at Haileybuiy. and for i)r()viding during sucli suspen-
sion for the examination of candidates for the said colle:;e.
LXXI. An Act to continue until the ilrst day of August one thousand ei"-ht
hundred and thirty-eight, and to the end of the ti;en session of Parliament, two
Acts of the last session of Parliament, for suspLuiding appointnunts to certain
dignities and offices in cathedrals and collegiate churches, and to sinecure rec-
tories, and for preventing the immediate eiiects on ecclesiastical jurisdictions of
the measures in progress for the alteration of dioceses.
LXXIl. An Act to provide for the aj)pointmeiit of Lords Justices in the case
of the next successor to the Crown being out of the realm at the time of the
demise of Her Majesty.
LXXIII. An Act for better enabling Tlir Majesty to confer certain powers
and immunities on trading and other companies.
LXX IV. An Act to restrain the alienation of corporate property in certain
tov/ns in Ireland.
LXXV. An Act to prolong fur ten years Her Majesty's commission for build-
ing new churches.
LXXVI. An Act to impose rates of packet postage on East India letters, and
to amend certain Acts relative to the post-office.
LXX VII. An Act to assimilate the practice of the Central Criminal Court to
other courts of Criminal Judicature within the Kingdom of England and AVales,
with respect to offenders liable to the punishmcrit of death.
LXXVIII. An Act to amend an Act ior the regulation of municipal corpora-
tions in England and Wales.
LXXIX. An Act to apply the sum of five millions two Iraudred and twcniy
thousand pounds out of the Consolidated Fund to the service of the year one
thousand eight hundred aiul tliirty-seven, and to appropriate the supplies granted
in this session of Parliament.
LXXX. An Act to exempt certain bills of exchange and promissory notes from
the operation of the laws rel.itive to usurv.
I^XXXl. An Act to provide for the levying of rates in boroughs and towns
having municipal corporal ions, in England and Wales.
LXXXII. An Act to amend the law relating to (^rand Jures in Ireland, s«
far as to empower the Graud Jury of the county of Fermanagh to reconsiructthe
baronial subdivisions of the said county.
LXXXIII. An Act to compel Clerks of the Peace for counties and other jier-
sons to take the custody of such documents as shall be directed to be deposited
with them under the standing orders of either House of Parliament.
LXXXIV. An Act to abolish the ]nuiishnieut of death in cases of forgery.
LXXXV. An Act to amend the laws relating to offences against the ])erson.
LXXXVI. An Act to amend the laws relating to burglary and stealing in a
dwelling-house.
LXXXVII. An Act to amend the laws relating to robbery and stealing from
the perstju.
LXXXVIII. An Act to amend certain Acts relating to the crime of piracy.
LXXXIX. An Act to amend the laws relating to liurning or destroying build-
ngs and ships.
XC. An Act to amend the law relating to offences punishable by transporta-
tion for life.
XCl. An Act for abolishing the punishment of death in certain cas.^s.
xlvi
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. — Wovks Quoted. [1837-8
A LIST OF THE WORKS
Which have been quoted or consulted in the Compilation of this
Journal.
Abbott, on Merchant Ships .and Sea- Coneybeare and Phillips's Geology.
men.
Account of the Principal Pictures in
England.
Accuni, Chemical Works.
Acts of Parliament.
Addison, Works.
Alexander, Travels in the East.
Almanac, Household.
Annals of Philosoph).
Ansfruther, Exchequer Reports.
Arcana of Science and Art.
Army List.
Arnott, Dr., Elements of Physic.
Athenseum.
Atvvood, Hist of Dominica.
Bacon, Lord, Works.
Bakewell, Litroduction to Geology.
Barrow, Travels in Africa.
Barnewall and Aldersou's Reports.
Batty, Col., Views of Oporto.
Beaufoy, History of Mexico.
Beckman, History of Ancient Insti-
tutions.
Best, Memoirs.
Bevan, Honey Bee.
Biblioth. Physico-Econom.
Bigland, Original History of the City
of Gloucester.
Blackstone. Sir W., Commentaries on
the Laws of England
Bochart, Works.
Bourne, Gazetteer.
Brande, Manual of Pharmacy.
Journal of Science.
Brewster, Edinburgh Journal.
Bristol Institution, Catalogue of.
British Galleries of Art.
Brookes, Winter in Lapland and Swe-
den.
■ Gazetteer.
Brydone, Tour through Sicily and
Malta.
Buchanan, Memoirs of Painting.
Bufibn, Natural History.
Bulletin des Sciences.
Bullock, Six Months' Residence in
Mexico.
Burckhardt, Travels in Arabia.
Cabinet C3'^clopaedia.
Caillie, Travels in Africa.
Caldclaugh, Travels in South Ame-
rica.
Calmet, Diet.
Chamber, Diet.
Chemist.
Cobbett, English Gardener.
Cochrane, Travels in Colombia.
Colton, Lacon.
Constable, Miscellany.
Conversations on Geology.
Cook, Voyages.
Crabbe, English Synonymes.
Historical Diet.
Technological Diet.
Cradock, Memoirs.
Crawfurd, History of the Indian Archi-
pelago.
Cumberland, Critical Catalogue of Rare
and Valuable Italian Prints.
Danson and Lloyd, Reports of Mercan-
tile Cases.
Denon, Hist, of the Fine Arts.
Dibdin, Bibliographical Decameron.
Dobell,' Travels in Kamtschatka and
Siberia, and Residence in China.
Domestic Kcouomy, by M. Donovan,
Esq., Professor of Chemistry,
Dryden, Works.
Duppa, Botany.
Edinburgh Cabinet Library.
Gazetteer.
Journal of Science.
Philosophical Journal.
Review.
Edwards, History of the British West
Indies.
Ellis, Journal of a Residence in the
Sandwich Islands.
Embassy to Ava.
Emerson, Letters from the .^gean.
Encyclopaedia Britannica.
Metropolitana.
Everest, Journey through Norway,
Lapland, and part of Sweden.
Euclid, Elements.
Exley and Dimsdale, Circular.
Faulkner, Treatise on the Plague.
Fetis, Music made Easy.
Field, Geographical Memoirs of New
South ■Wales.
Foreign Literary Gazette.
Forsyth, New London Medical and
Surgical Diet.
Fosbvooke, History of the County of
Gloucester.
Eraser, Travels in Persia.
Freese, Cambist's Compendium.
Gait, Letters from the Levant.
Gem, a Literary Annual,
Gibbon, History of the Decline and
Fall of the Roman Empire.
Gill, Technical Repository.
Gisborne, ^Vorks.
Goodison, Essay upon the Islands of
Leucadia, Cephalonia, Ithaca, and
Zante.
1837-8.] MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION. — IVwhs Quoted.
xlvii
Gore's Liverpool Directory.
Grant, History of Brazil,
Granville, Travels in Russia, &c.
Hackluyt, Voyages.
Haggard, Report of Cases argued and
determined in the High Court of
Admiralty.
Hall, Present State of Colombia.
Hamilton, Travels through the Inte-
rior Provinces of Colombia.
East India Gazetteer.
Hancock, Researches into the Laws
and Phenomena of Pestilence.
Handmaid to the Arts.
Hansard, Typographia.
Harwood, l)r., on the Southern Coast
of England.
Heeren, on the Polity and Commerce of
the Great Nations of Antiquity.
Henderson, History of Ancient and
Modern AVines.
Herbert, Sir Thomas, Travels.
Hill, Sir John, System of Botany.
Hooker, Dr.. Botanical Miscellany.
Humboldt, Personal Narrative of Tra-
vels.
Political History of New
Spain.
Researches in America.
Hulswitt, Journal of Travels in the
United States, and on the North-
western Coast of America.
Indus. Abstract of proceedings rela-
tive to the Trade and Navigation of.
Irving, Life and Voyages of Columbus.
Jacob, Report ou the Trade in Foreign
Corn.
Jameson, Edinburgh New Philoso-
phical Journal.
Jennings, Ornithologia.
Johnson, Diet.
. Works.
Jones, Travels in Norway, Sweden,
Finland, Russia, and Turkey ; also on
the Coast of the Sea of Azof, and of
the Black Sea, &c.
Journal des Connaissances Usuelles.
des Dames et des Modes.
des Debats.
Statistical.
of a Naturalist.
of the Royal Institution of
Great Britain.
of a West India Proprietor.
Joyce, Practical Chemical Mineralogy.
Kennedy, England and Venice com-
pared.
Keppel, Journey from India.
Kirvvan, Essay on Manure.
Kotzebue, Voyage round the World.
Laird and Oldfield's Expedition into
the Interior of Africa.
Lancet.
Lardner, Dr., Cabinet CyclopsetUa.
Lempriere, Classical Diet.
■ Lecture on the Study of
Natural History.
Library of Entertaining Knowledge.
of Useful Knowledge.
Literary Chronicle.
Gazette.
Locke, Works.
London Gazette.
Literary Gazette.
Lyon, Journal of a Residence and Tour
in Mexico.
Macartney, Lord, Embassy to China.
Maclean, Investigation respecting Epi-
demic and Pestilential Diseases.
M'Gregor, Sketches of the Maritime
Colonies of British America.
Magazine, Blackwood's.
Gardener's.
Gentleman's.
London.
Mechanic's.
Monthly.
of Natural History.
New Monthly.
. Philosophical.
Malcolm, Sir John, History of Persia.'
Malte Brun, System of Geograj)hy.
Mauby, Journal of a Voyage to Green-
land.
Mason's Fresnoy.
Maugham, Treatise on the Law of
Literary Property.
Mawe, Treatise on Diamonds.
Medical Gazette.
Meredith, Account of the Gold Coast.
Mill, History of British India.
Miller, Memoirs of Gen. Miller, in the
service of Peru.
Miller, Gardener's Dictionary.
Mineratogie Industrielle.
Minutolis, Recollections of Egypt.
Mirror,
Mirror of Parliament.
flloUien, Travels in Columbia.
Morewood, Essay on Inebriating Li-
quors.
Moun(enay,Selection concerning Brazil.
Musee de Peinture et de Sculpture.
Navy List.
Nesmes, Sculpture, Painting, and Ar-
chitecture.
Newton, Journal of the Arts.
Nicholson, Cyclopaedia.
Oriental Herald.
Paget, Law Journal.
Paley, Works.
Pananti, Narrative of a Residence in
Algiers.
Paris, Guide to Mount's Bay.
Treatise on Diet.
Park, a System of the Law of Marine
Insurances.
Parke, Chemical Catechism.
xlviii
MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.^ — Works Quoted. [1837-8.
Pailiamentary Papers.
Parrj', Journals el' a Voy;ijj;e for the
Discovery of a Noith^Vest Passage.
Partington, Gallery of Science and Art
Pennant, British Zoology.
Penny Cyclopaeilia.
Phillips, Translation of the Pharmaco-
poeia Londinensis.
Voyages.
Ilis.of Cultivated Vegetables.
— lutroduciion to IMiaeralogy.
Picture of Australia.
Pilkin, Statistical View of the United
States of America.
Pilkington, Diet, of Painters.
Pope. Alexander, AVorks.
Porter, G. K., Nature and Properties
of the Sugar Cane.
• Sir K. K., Travels.
Official Tables.
Post-Office Lists.
Price, Exche<iuer Reports.
Quarterly Review.
. Journal of Science, &c.
Journal of Agriculture.
Quincey, Diet, of Physic.
RadcliH'e, Agriculture of Flanders.
Raleigh, Sir Walter, Works.
Redding, Cyrus, Treatise ou modern
Wines.
Rees, Cyclopaedia.
Register of the Arts and Sciences.
Repertory of Patents.
Report of the Academiede I'Industrie
Hew-nae-tsze.
on the Statistics of Tuscain-,
Lucca, &c. By J. Bowring, LL.D.
Review, Edinburgh.
P-ritish and Foreign.
Quarterl3\
Jlonthly.
-^ Westminster.
Revue Eiicycloptdique.
Richards(m, John, M.D., Fauna Boreali
Americani.
Robertson, History of America.
RuUin, Ancient History.
Rbrdansz, European Commerce.
Russell, Tour.
Russian Journal, Severni Arldf.
Salmonia (Sir Humphry Davy).
Scientific Gazette.
Scott, Sir Walter, Works.
Hist, of Napoleon.
Scouler, Voyage to the Pacific Ocean.
Shakspeare, Works.
Sinclair, Sir John, Bart., on the Culture
and Uses of Potatoes.
Smith, Notes made (huing a Tour in
the Northern Countries of Europe.
Southey, Hist, of liraiiil.
Spix and Jlartin, Travels in Brazil.
Stark, Elements of Natural History.
Statistical Journal.
Statutes at Largo.
Stevenson, Historical Sketch.
Tate's Modern Cambist.
Tegg's Chronology.
Teu:ple, Travels in various parts of
Peru.
Teonge, Diary.
Thomson, London Dispensatory.
• Narrative of an Official Visit
to Guatemala.
Thornton, Dr., Botanical Lecttires.
Timkowski, Travels of the Russian
Mission through Mongolia to China.
Todd's Johnson's Dictionary.
Topogra])hy of known Vineyards.
Transactions of the Liim;pan Society.
• Society of Arts.
Trcdgold, Elementary Principles of
Carpcniry.
Trinity House Tables of Lights, Buoys,
&c.
Ure, Chemical Diet.
\'aughan, \'iew of the Pieseut State of
Sicily.
Von Buch, Baron, Observations on Ma-
deira.
\"otes of the House of Commons.
Wallace, Memoirs of India.
Walpole, Anecdotes of Painting.
Catalogue of Engravers.
Wallich, Dr., Eastern Botany.
Walsh, Dr., Narrative of a Journal from
Constantinople to England.
Notices of Brazil.
Weddell, Voyage to the South Pole.
West, Journal of a Mission to the In-
dians of the British Provinces of
New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, &c.
Westmacott, British Galleries of Paint-
ing and Sculpture.
Williams, Life and Actions of Alexati-
der the Great (Family Library).
Williams, Travels.
Wilson, Illustrations of Zoology.
^Voodley, View of the Scilly Islands,
Wood's Zoography.
AVoodward, Essay on the Natural His-
tory of the Earth.
• Dr. John, Essays towards a
Natural History of the Earth.
Youuge and Jervis, Reports of Cases
argued and determined in the Court
of Exchequer, and Exch. Chamber.
Zealand, New. The British Colonisa-
tion of
Zediltz, Baron de. Glance at Bosnia,
ixC.
AUTOGRAPH PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
PUBLIC BOARDS.
The Right Hon. The Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Treasury.
The Right Hon. The Lords Commissioners of Her Majesty's Adinirulty.
Tlie Hon. Her Majesty's Board of Ordnance.
Tlie Hon. The Commissioners of Her Majesty's Customs.
The Hon. The Commisssioners of Her Majesty's Kxcise.
The Hon. The Directors of the East India Company.
The Hon. The Corporation of the City of London.
The Governor, &c. of tiie Russia Company.
The East India Dock Company^
The Lond(jn Dock Company.
Tlie English Copper Couipany.
HER MAJESTY'S MINISTERS.
The Right Hon. Viscount Melbourne, First Lord of the Treasury.
The Right Hon. Si)ring Rice, M.P., Chancellor of the Exchequer.
The Most Noble the Martjuis of Lansdowne, K.G., F.R.S. and D.C.L., Lord Presi-
dent of the Privy Council, President of the Bristol Philosophical and
Literary Institution, and President of the Bristol
Statistical Society.
The Right Hon. Lord Viscount Palmerston, M.P., Principal
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.
The Right Hon. Lord Glenel;^', Principal Sec. of State for Colonial Department.
The Right Hon. C. Poulett Thomson. M.P., President of the
Board of Trade.
OTHER NOBLEMEN AND GENTLEMEN.
Duke of Richmond, K.G.
Duke of Beaufort, Lord High Steward
of Bristol.
Marquis of Salisbury, D.C.L , F.R.S.,
and S.A.
Marquis of Londonderry, K.T. S.,
S.G.B., E.R.E., and S.D.C.L.
Marquis of Anglesey, K.G., K.G.II.,
MT., and S.G.
Earl Grey, K.G.
Earl Spencer.
Earl of Ripon, President of the Royal
Geographical Society.
Lord Francis Egerton.
Lord Granville Somerset, D.C.L.
Lord Viscount Strangford, D. C. L.,
K.T.S., G.C.B., and G.C.H.
Lord William L F. Poulett.
Lord EUenborough.
Lord Seaford.
Lord Ashtown.
Lord Slielburne, M.P.
Sir Robert Peel, Bart., M.P., D.C.L.,
and Lord Rector of the University
of Glasgow.
Sir Edward BurtcnshawSngden, M.P.,
late Lord Chancellor of Ireland.
Right Hon. Henrv Goulbur i. M.P.
Right Hon. J. C. Herries, MP.
Right. Hon. Joseph Planta, M.P.
The Right Hon. the Lord Mavor of
London, 1837, (Kelly.)
The Right Hon. the Lord Mayor of
London, liJJS, (Sir J. Cowan, Bart.)
Sir George Carroll and Sir Moses Mon-
tetiore, Sheriffs of London.
David Wire, Esq.. Under-Sheriff.
George Grote, Esq., M.P.
William Crawford, Esq., M.P.
James Pattison, Esq., M.P.
Sir Mattlicw Wood. Bart., M P.
Lord Sandon, M.P.
C. Cresswell, Esq., M.P., Q.C.
William Miles, Esq., M.P.
Philip William Skynner Miles, Esq,
M.P.
The Hon. Francis Henry Fitzhardinge
Berkeley, M.P.
John Temple Leader, Esq., M.P.
Thomas Giimstone Bucknall Estcourt,
Esq., M.P.
Joseph Hume, Esq., M.P.
T. Attwood, Esq., M.P.
Joshua Scholefield, Esq., M.P.
Benjamin Hall, Esq., M.P.
D. W. Harvey, Esq., M.P.
John Humphrey, Esq., M.P.
Joseph Pease, junr. Esq., M.P.
C. Strickland Star.dish, Esq., M.P.
J, I. Briscoe, Esq., M.P.
Robert Holland, Esq., M.P.
G. A. Muskttt, Esq., M.P.
John Rundle, Esq., M.P.
John H..les Calcraft, Esq., M.P.
Andrew White, Esq., M.P.
John Davenport, Esq., M.P.
E'lward Baines, Esq., M.P.
Edward Turner, Es(i., M.l'.
(I
1
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
J. H. Seale, Esq., M.P.
John Brocklehurst, Esq., M.P.
J. Heathcoat, Esq., M.P.
Henry Thomas Hope, Esq., M.P.
Richard Hodgson, Esq., M,P.
Edward Protheroe, Esq., M.P.
Sir Richard Bulkely Philips, Bart.,
M.P.
Josiah J. Guest, Esq., M.P.
Wyndham Lewis, Esq., M.P.
Cornelius O'Brien, Esq., M.P.
Daniel Callaghan, Esq., M.P.
David Morris, Esq., MP.
H. Dundas Scott, Esq., Foreign Office.
Thomas Bidwell, Esq., Consular De-
partment, Foreign Office.
L. W. Patterson, Esq., Colonial Office.
G. Beiikhausen, Esq., Russian Consul
General
Charles Tottie, Esq., Consul General
for Sweden and Norway
Bernard Hebler, Esq., Prussian Consul
General.
John William May, Esq., Dutch Con.
sul General
John George Behrend, Esq., Consul
General for the Free City of Frank-
fort
James Colquhoun,Esq., Consul-Gene-
ral for the Hanse Towns.
H. Castellain, Esq., Belgian Consul.
R. Tourode, Esq., French Consulate.
Messrs. Goddeffroy and Simson, Ba-
den Consulate.
J. M. Barrers, Esq., Spanish Consul
General
F. I. Vanzeller, Esq., Portuguese Con-
sul General.
John B. Heath, Esq., Consul General
for Sardinia.
Colonel Thomas Aspinwall, Consul of
the United States, 2 copies
John J. Silva, Esq., Vice-Consul of
Brazil.
F. de Lizardi, Esq. and Co., Mexican
Consul General.
E. Allsopp, Esq., Consul for New Gre-
nada and Venezuela.
G. F. Dickson, Esq., Consul-General
for the Republic of the United States
of the Rio de la Plata.
Colonel Maberley, Secretary to the
General Post Office.
Ebenezer Ludlow.Esq., Serjeant at Law.
Charles A. Scovell, Esq., Secretary of
Customs,
John Ker, Esq., Assistant Secretary.
Charles Williams, Esq., Secretary of
Western Ports.
John Manning, Esq., Tim. H. Davis,
Esq., and William Weston, Esq.,
Surveyors General of Customs.
Charles Boyd, Esq., Collector of Cus-
toms, London, and Thomas Morris,
Esq., Collector of Customs, Bristol,
late Surveyors General.
Elias Arnaud, Esq., Collector of Cus-
toms, Liverpool.
Charles Lutwidge, Esq., Collector of
Customs, Hull.
William Palgrave, Esq., Collector of
Customs, Dublin.
LONDON.
Allsop, E. esq.. Consul for New Grenada and
Venezuela.
Aspinwall, Col. Thomas, Consul of tlie United
Slates, (2 Copies).
Anderson, J & Sons, merchants, 65, Old Broad st.
Atkins, .Tohn and Son, merchants, 7. Walbrook.
Adam and Sons, merchants, 5, Martin's lane.
Alston and Co., merchants, 33, Great St. Helens.
Ashley and Co., tea dealers, 15, Strand.
Ashley, George & Co., tea dealers, 72, Piccadilly.
Allen, Hanbury & Barry, chemists, Plough ct,
Lombard street.
Arnold & Woollett, ship agcnts,3, Clement's la
RETURNS.
From a great many places, no returns whatever have yet been received. Such is the case espe-
cially with Bath, Manchester, Birmingham, Dublin, Edinburgh, and various ports on the continent
of Europe. From others again, merely the total number of Subscribers has been sent in without
the Names.
The machinery on such an extended scale, could liardi^ have been expected in the first instance
to work quite smoothly. In future these little defects will, it is hoped, be to a great degree, if not
entirely, remedied. Indeed, considering all things, the progress in this respect already made, cannot
be deemed much amiss, there being to record, one way or another, about five thousand AutOjjrap/i
Matrons and Subscribers. In all, the Edition comprises Eioirr Tkous.\nd Copies.
DIRECTORY.
In future, it is expected, this List will of itself furnish no mean Directory of the names, &c., of
merchants and otliers_resident abroad, as well as in this country.
TITLES.
In drawing out this List, an unexpected, and iudeed almost insuper.ible obstacle has started as
tovhat names should have the word " Mr." or "Esq." annexed to them. Bearing in mind the
injunction of St. Paul, " Give to every man his proper title lest he be offended," and not having
the honor of personally knowing, of course, a very large proportion of his Patrons and Subscribers,
and having no guide to direct him in such eases, the Editor trusts, if there \)e found any inaccuracy
in this respect, the individual whom it may chance to affect, will impute it to the right cause — want
of information ; and, by no means, as any slight or mark of disrespect.
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
Avery, John, esq., wino ami s\)hU broker, 30,
Mincing lane.
Andrews, Edward, esq., 24, Mark lane.
Aldred, S. B., Mr., draper, 81, Holborn hill.
Andrews, Samuel, Mr., tea dealer, 4'i, Old liond
street.
Amor, John, esq., wine merchant, 135, New
Bond street.
Axman, P. es<i., merchant, 4, Mark lane.
Arroyare, Ade, esq., merchant, 16, George street,
Mansion house.
Aiid, W. B. Mr., grocer, 33, Little Newport st.
Atkinson, T. Mr., Customs.
Archer, G. S. Mr., Customs.
Abingdou, S. J. Mr., Customs,
Ayerst, .lohn, esq., broker. Lower Thames st.
Ast(m, Thomas, jun. esq. 9, Mark lane.
Arnold, G. esq.. East India Dock Company.
Adams, C. T. Mr., London Docks.
Alldridge, R. \V. Mr., 2, Alderman's walk.
Allen, Thomas, Mr., 53, Threadneedle street.
Allerton, Richard, Mr., Norfolk street, Strand.
Ashford, T. F. Mr., 137, Fenchurch street.
Austie, Alfred, Mr., accountant, 5, Adam's ct,
Old Broad street.
Austin, George, esq.. Register of Bankrupt's
Ofhce, Cateaton street.
Anstead, Charles, esq., merchant, 8, St. Ben-
nett's place.
Ashmore, Thomas, esq., merchant, 78, Cornhill.
Astwick and Webb, wine merchants, 9, Lau-
rence Pountney lane.
Atteridge, Jonas, Mr., grocer, 7i Exraouth street,
Spa tields.
B
Brocklehurst, John, jun. esq., M.P.
Briscoe, J. W. esq., M.P.
Baines, Edward, esq.. M.P.
Benkhausen, G. esq., Russian Consul General
Barrers, J. M. esq., Spanish Consul General.
Behrends, John George, esq., Consul General for
the Free City of Frankfort.
Baring(Bro)(6Copies), merchants, 8, Bishops-
gate street.
Brandram (ISro), merchants. Size lane.
Boddingtou and Co., (5 CopiesJ, merchants, St.
Helen's place.
Bond, Pearce & Child, merchants, 8, Finsbry pi.
Buck, Richard & Co. merchants, 36, St. Mary
at Hill.
Beiitley, J. and L., merchants, 1, Duncannon st.
Beerbohen and Co., merchants. 15, G St. Helen's
Baynes & Co., merchants, 5, New London st.
Barker and Co., merchants, St. Saviour's Dock,
Southwark.
Briggs, Thurburn, Aeraman,and Co. .merchants
5, Crosby square.
Brown, R. & B. & Co., merchants, 157, Cheap-
side.
Brown, G. and J. and Co, merchants, St. Mil-
dred's court.
Bain, George, esq.. Parliamentary agent, 2, Par-
liament street,
acchus and Green, glass manufacturers, 8,
Tokenhouse yard.
Burnett, Sir Robt and Co., distillers, Vauxhall.
Bettsand Wood, tea dealers, 262, Oxford st.
Birkitt, Danl and J no, corn factors, Crosby sq.
Baldwin and Waters.
Burrows, T and Son, wholesale confectioneiv,
Hounsditch.
Barough and Fall, grocers, 1, New Cavendish st.
Barber and Nephew, East India brokers, 36,
Fenchurch street.
Barclay and Friend, 147, Leadenhall street.
Boddington and Miller, brokers, 2, Pliilpot lane.
Batten and Edwards, ship brokers, 66, Lower
Thames street.
Barry, Charles and Co., ship brokers, 38, Min-
cing lane..
Baker, J. and Co., silk printers, 111, Chcapside.
Barnes & Co., ship brokers, 31,. «!t. Mary at Hill.
Burbidge, E. & W., rectifiers, 74, Aldersgnte st.
Bowerbank& Sous, distillers. Sun st, Bishops-
gate street.
Bailey, Henry Wm. esq.. Admiralty.
Blanchard, H. esq., meichant, Birchin Line.
Bard, J. Mr., oil and colourman, .321, Oxford st.
Urant, J. C. Mr., oil and colourman, 298, Ox-
ford street.
Bovill, Benj. Mr., corn and coal merchant. Mil-
ford lane. Strand.
Burnell, Thomas, Mr., glass manufacturer, 1
Coleman street.
Brown, (J. .^. Mr. t .illow merchant, Fenchurch st.
Blurton, James, Mr., architect, 30, Ebury street,
Pimlico.
Eieber, N. E. esq.
Brooks, John, esq, wholesale tallow chandler,
124, Cock hill, RatclilTe.
Bennett, J. C. Mr., tea dealer, 3, Gerard street,
Soho.
Barry, Dykes, Mr., grocer, 27i Skinner street.
Snow hill.
Blackley, Matthew, Mr. (2 Copies), stationer,
27, North Audley street.
Bentham, H. Mr., oilman. 62, Piccadilly.
Bishop. J. esq , merchant, 1, Crescent, Minories.
Buck, Robert, esq., merchant, 60, Mark lane.
Burrell, Thomas, esq., merchant. Trinity sq.
Southwark.
Barnes, H. Mr.,drysalter, 129, Up. Thames st.
Braily, George W. esq., solicitor, 1, Staples Inn,
Bennett, Mr. 1, East lane, Walworth.
Bradley, Mr., 11, Albion place, New Kent road.
Burgess, Henry, esq., 29, St. Swithin's lane.
Barlow, R. P. Mr., Customs.
Balory, Mr., Customs,
liisshopp. H esq , Customs.
Brent, J.Mr., Customs.
Beiihain, George, Mr., Customs.
Bezer, J. esq.. Customs.
Beverley, W. Mr. Customs.
Berners, A. Mr. Customs.
Brown, 11. C. Mr , Customs,
Blake, D. J. Mr., Customs.
By, G. Mr., Customs.
Bathurst, George, Mr., Customhouse agent. 76,
Lower Thames street.
Barrows, Thomas, Mr., Mark lane.
Body, J. G. esq., corn factor, 34, Mark lane.
Blogg, John, Mr., commission agent, 8, Law-
rence lane.
Brewer, S. J. Mr., London docks.
Beeston, C. W., London Docks.
HuUpitt, J. Mr., cork-cutter, 62, Minories.
Burrell, T. J. Mr., 48, Trinity sq. Southwark.
Barber, W. esq., 2, Sell wood ter. Fulham road.
Backhouse, J. esq., merchant, 14, Gt. St. Helens.
British Cast Plate Glass Manufactory, 1, Albion
place, Blackfriars.
Brown, J. F. Mr., harp maker, 12, Berners
street, Oxford street.
Bigg, J, esq., Lanelly Company, 59, Old Broad
street.
Butler, G. Mr., chemist, 93, Chcapside.
Barber, J. Capt., East India agent, 64, Cornhill.
Barlley, G. esq., lead merchant, 1, Martin's lane.
Burroughs. J. Mr., 2, Sambrook court.
Barton, J. E. Mr., 14, Great Queen st. New road.
Blake, W. Mr., accountant, 158, New Bond st.
Brockbank.Mr., perfumer, 35, New Bond street.
Benjamin, E. esq., merchant, 60, Aldermanbury.
Berners, A. Mr., Customs.
Brown, .1. Mr., Green Man, Old Kent road.
Brown, G. esq., shipowner, Ratclilf Cross.
Brown and Bavid, wine merchants, 25, Laurence
Pountney lane.
Bradley, S. Mr., tea dealer, 27, Laurence Pount-
ney lane.
Bult," J. and Son, goldsmiths, 85 and 86, Cheap-
side.
Beevor, F, B. es>j., solicitor, 63, Chauccry lane,
(i 2
lii
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
Barclay and Sons, patent medicine wareliouse,
Fariingdon street.
Baiss, Brothers, and Co, druggists, 125, Lower
Thames street.
Bailey, Potter, and Co., druggists, Garlick hill.
Bank of Australia, 18, ."Mdermanbury.
Crawford, W. esq.. M.P.
Castellan, esq., Belgian Consul.
Colquhoun,.T.esq., Consul for the Hanse Towns,
(lastelli (brothers), merchants, 10, Bury court,
St. Mary Axe.
Cox, Heisch, and Co., merchants, 16, America
square (2 (Copies).
Cavan (Brothers), merchants, 29, Finsbury
circus.
Carvalho and Co., merchants, 3, South street,
Finsburj'.
Cockrell, Sir C. and Co., merchants, 8, Austin
Friars (2 Copies).
Cockburn, J. and Co., merchants, 11, New Broad
street.
Clossmaii, F. F. and Co., Bordeaux merchants
Mincing lane.
Chiy and Gillman, merchants, 23, Bucklesbury.
Campbell, J. and Co. merchants, 2, Bank street,
Cornhill.
Cummiug, W. and Co., Carpenters' Hall.
Cory and Scott, coal merchants. Commercial
road, Lambeth.
Chater and Ilayward, window-glass manufac-
turers, 2, St. Dunstan's hill.
Cunningham and Forbes, wine merchants,
Arthur street west.
(Crosse and Blackwell, oilmen, 11. King st. SoliO.
(Christy and Co., hatters, Gracechurch street.
Curling, W. A. and J., fi^h factors, 13, Lower
Thames street.
Chniilet ai\d Hoii^'hton, French glass warehouse,
12, Water lane, Tower street.
Coward, Canellor, and Co., starch makers.
Princes street, Lambeth.
Capper, Maut, and Co., 90, Cheapside.
Cousens and Kemp, wholesale tea dealers,
60, Upper Tliames street.
Chapman (Brotliers) and Co., distillers. Old
Ford.
Committee of the General Ship Owners' Society,
72, Cornhill.
Cope, F. C. esq., (/ustoms.
Crisp, .1. esq., Customs.
Co!e, II. esq., London Docks.
Cliureh, F. esq., Loudon Docks.
Capel, .1. esq., stock broker, Uoyal F-xchanse.
Camroux. F. H. esq., mercliant, 1, Clement's la.
Clifford, J. esq., merchant, 5S, Lombard street.
Carrnthers, T. esq , Russia merchant, 19, BiUi-
ter street.
Cross, J. Mr., publisher, &c., 18, Ilclborn.
Clifford, E. Mr., tea dealer, 82, Grosvenor street.
Chevorlou, T. Mr., tea dealer, 21,Goodge street.
Colcock, W. Mr., tea dealer, 1, James street,
Covent Garden.
Chester, G. Mr., oilman. 55, Long Acre.
Cannon, W„ ship broker. 21, Water lane.
Carter, A. esq,, notary, .36, Mark lane.
Chamliers, G. esq., wine merchant, 22, St. Dun-
stan's hill.
Calvert, C. A. esq.. Secretary to the Colonial
Bank, 13, Bishopsgate street.
Carr, G. Mr., 126, London Wall.
Cooper, C.esq., 2'], Gracechurch street.
Cripps, 11. .Mr., lea dealer, 398, Oxford street,
Clark, S. Mr., Customs,
folbeck, Mr., Customs.
Courtenay, Mr., Customs.
Cliafey, J. Mr., Customs (2 Copies).
Cox, ll. Mr., Customs.
Cuflley, B. H, Mr., Customs.
Cuffley, J.II. Mr., East India office, Crutched
Friars.
Cook,C. Mr., 9, St. Dunstan's hiU.
Cliristopher, T. and .1., Harp lane. Tower street.
Cheap, J. esq., ship broker, 24, Threadneedle st.
Crouch, J., London Docks.
Cohen, A. jun. Mr.. St. Mary Axe.
Coles, R. O. Mr., 157, Cheapside.
Clark, E. Mr., Customs.
Cook, .1. esq., Customs.
Child, G. Mr., 9, South street, Finsbury.
Cath, J. Mr., agent, 35, St. .Maiy at Hi'lL
Carey, W. Mr., Hoxton square.
Coles, Wm. Mr., truss maker, 3, Charing Cross.
Cromar, Wm. Mr, carpet manufacturer, 32,
Charing Cross,
Crump, .iames Henry, Mr., cheesemonger', 59,
Hackney road.
Covtissus, II. 15. Mr., broker. Little Tower st.
Chew, Thomas, Mr., grocer, 25, Crawford street.
Carter, Henry, Mr., upholsterer, 53, High street,
Pojdar.
Capi)ell and Pons.
Coward, 11. A., esq., merch.ant, 9, Laurence
Pounlney lane.
Clark, James. Mr., sacii maker, 24, Old Change.
Champion. Fishwick, and Co., lead merchants,
19, Laurence Pountney lane.
Cooler, Josh, and Co., hat manufacturers, 19,
Laurence Pountney lane.
Commercial Railway Company, 34, Cornhill.
Carbonell, A. De E.esq., merchant, 5, Freeman's
Court, Cornhill.
Clegg, James, & Co , merchants, 46, Walling st.
Castelli (Brothers), merchants, 10, Bury court,
St. Mary axe.
D.
Dickson, G. F. esq.. Consul-general for the Re-
public of the United States of Rio de la Plata.
Donaldson & Dickson, merchants, 35 Marie la.
Desmoulines D. and D., wholesale cheesemon-
gers, 5, Ne\v(,'ate street.
Dean, Johnson, and Co., tea dealers, 84, New
Bond street.
De Bee & Rhan, brokers, 4, Crescent, Minories.
Duncan and Fisher, leather factors. Half Moon
street, liisiiopsg.ate.
Drolenvaux and Stahlschmidt, shipping agents,
2, IMincing lane.
Danks and Sou, carpet manufacturers, 98,natton
Garden.
Davy, M'Mnrdo, and Co., drug merchants,
Gould square.
Day, W. and Co., oilmen, Gracechurch street.
Dobson, Wm. esq.. Secretary to Lloyds, 3, Veru-
lara buildings.
Draper, George, esq., merchant, Baltic Coffee
house (2 Copies).
Droop, J. K. e-.q., merchant. Love lane.
Dixon, George, esq., merchant. Church passage,
Clement's lane.
Davis, Tlios. esq., merchant, 15, Angel court.
Davis, H. esq , Customs.
DrummondH.M.esq., 20, Grafton st, Fitzroy sq.
Dart. Rich., esq., merchant, 3, Walbrook builds.
De la Court, T. P., 23, Fenchureh street.
Davis, Wra. Mr., tea dealer, 90, Holborn hill.
Dunn, Wm. Mr., innkeeper, 13, Vine s reel, Pic-
cadilly.
Dale, James, Mr, 6. Elizabeth street, Hans pi.,
Chelsea.
Dean, W. esq., solicitor, 16, Essex st, Str;ind.
Davies, Mr., Barrack street, Gravesend.
Donovan, Mr., ("ustoms.
Delacourt, T., Customs.
Duncan, G., Customs.
Dewguard, E., Customs.
Davidson, Wm. Mr., agent, 8, Water lane. Tower
street.
I Douglas, J. W., London Docks.
PATRONS ANn,St;BSCRIBERS,
liii
Dclaiie, W., Earl stioet, Blackfiiars.
D'Emden, Mr., dentist, 1, Soiitliampton street,
Strand.
DoB;;r;inds, Fordatti and Co., morcliants, 80,
Watliii« street.
Diiffi(dd and Co., 6, Laurence Pountney lane.
Downes and Hill, wliolcsale tea dealers, 24,
Laurence Pountney lane.
Deed, James, Mr., currier, 24, Stanhope street,
Clare market.
Eakin, Thos, Mr., druggist, 73, King William st.
E.
Kstcourt, T. G. B. esq., M.P., D.C.L.
East India Dock Company, 44, Leadenliall sf.
Ewbank and Cordes, merchants, 6, Idol lane.
Ewart, Taylor, & Co., merchants. Crown court,
Philpot lane.
Ewart, Manaughey and Co., East India brokers,
Coptliall court.
English Copper Company, 27, Upper Thames st.
Eagletons, Edw. and Co., tea importers, 83 & 84,
Newgate street.
Evans, Rich. & Co., roITee dealers, C2 Queen st.
Ehreusporgcr, C. and Co., 4, Laurence Pount-
ney lane.
Ellis, Langton and Co., druggists. Up. Thames st.
Emmott, t'hristopher, Mr., pickle merchant, 21,
Grange walk, Bermondsey.
Element and Collins, carpet manufactureri 273,
High Holborn.
Eccles, C, and Tohibb, G.CJreat Winchester st.
Evans, Tliomas, esq., surgeon, 25, Mortimer st.
Evaus, Robt. Mr., tea dealer, 134, Kew Bond st.
East, G. Mr., bookseller, 319, Regent's street. (2
Copies.)
Earnsiiaw, Tlios. Mr., chronometer maker, 119,
High Holborn.
Eales, R, esq., ("ustoms.
Emmerson, J. Mr., Customs.
Edwards, George, esq., London Docks,
Elmslie, A. W., Mr., .lamaica Steam Navigation
Company, 35, Abchurch lauo.
Edwards, Thomas, Mr., dressing case maker, 21,
King street, Bloomsbury.
Elias, Henry, Mr., wine merchant, 4, Bury ct.
Edwards, William, Mr., druggist, 73, King
William street.
F.
Foreign Banking Company, Lombard street.
Foster, Brothers S: Co., merchants. High Lords
court, Crutched Friars.
Vonseca & Co., merchants, 25, Crutched Friars.
Fruhling & Goschen, merchants, 2, Crosby sq.
Finlay, Hodgson & Co , merchants. St. Helen's
place.
Fletcher-, Alexander and Co., merchants, 10,
King's Arms yard.
Franghiadi (Bro.), merchants, 28, Martin's la.
Field and Co., brokers, 23, Mincing lane.
Eraser and Wood, foreign warehouse, 63, New
Bond street.
Fortnum and Mason, foreign warehouse, 182,
Piccadilly.
Forman and Hadow, 14, Mincing lane.
Flockhart, Sidebottom and Co, wine merchants,
8, Fenchurch street.
Feaver and LlewclUn, woollen warehouse, 46,
Ludgate hill.
Freeman, Edw. Mr., chandler, 3, Wigmore st.
Vountleroy, Chas., woolstaider, Bermondsey.
Frost, H. C. Mr., oilman, 272, Oxford street.
Franks, Geo. esq., surgeon, 90, Blackfriars rd.
Fountain, W. Mr., wine merchant, 12, Charlotte
street, Fitzroy square.
Penning, P. esq.. Customs.
Fall, R., Customs.
Forsyth, G., Customs.
Fairman, J. N., Customs.
Foreman, Thos. Mr., London Docks.
Fenjermau, Jno. F., 19, Grafton street cast.
Forster.Robt. Mr., broker, 5, Beer la., Tow or st.
Franchi, A. G. esq., notary, S3. Low. Thames st
Fielder, D., Crosby hall chambeis.
Fcnnell, Saml. esq. .merchant, 14, St. Mni7.\xe.
Fanshawp, II, R.jun., India rnbbermanufactr.
Fynmore & Pigeon, druggists, Throgmorlon st.
Foulger and Son, druggists, RatclifTc highway.
G.
Grote, George, esq., M.P.
Goldsmid, Isaac, esq., F.R.S.
Godefl'riiy and Simpson, merchants, 6, Great
Winchester street.
Gentile, .1. P. and Rossell, merchants, 8, St.
Swithin's lane.
Grant, K. J. and Co., merchants. Lime street,
Gowan and Manx, merchants, 7, Coptliall ct.
Gore, .Tnu. and Co., merchants, 112, Bishops-
gate street.
Greenwood and West, merchants, 4, Birchin la
Gibbs and Sons, mercliants, 47, Lime street
Giles, Son & Co., merchants, 4, Fowlies bldgs.
Gower, A. A. & Co., merchants, 28, Coleni.an st.
Grand .Surrey Dock and Canal Company, 2,
White Lion court.
Gooch and Cousins, warehousemen, 126, Lou-
don wall.
Gosnell J. and Co.. perfumers, &c., Lombard st.
Gledstanes, Kerr & Co., merchants, 3, White
Lion co\ut. (4 Copies.)
Gibbs, A. & .Sons, merchants, 47, Lime street.
Griflin and Hyams, silversmiths, Cornhill
Gamble, J. esq., provision merchant, 77, Cornhl.
Gadsden, J. Mr., cheesemonger, itc, 273, Ox-
ford street.
Gillmau, Chas. Mr., Italian warehouse, 2C7. Ox-
ford street.
Glover, G. esq., rectifier, 146, St. John street.
Garnett, Jeremiah, Mr., oilman, 38, Wigmore bt.
Green, J. Mr., oilman, 3 Knightbridge terrace.
Gray, J. esq., ship agent, 17, St. Dunstan's hill.
Gordon and Co., surgeons, 54, Greek st, Soho.
Garfield, Mr., carpenter, 4, Rodney buildings
New Kent road.
Grindlay, Capt. R. M., 16, Cornhill.
Griffiths, G. esq,. Customs.
Green, Mr., Customs.
Gutcli, Mr., Customs.
Gray, James, Mr., Customs.
Gray,T. Mr., Customs.
Green, G. Mr, Customs.
Goddin, — , esq.
Grimmy, Mr.
Griftiths, Jeremiah, esq., ship broker, 2, Wliite
Hart court, Lombard street.
Gray, 11. jun. Mr., lighterman. Water lane,
Thames street.
Greenfell, Pascoe and Co., merchants, Upper
Thames street.
Gill, Saml. Mr., Customs.
Green, Wilson & Burton, tea dealers, 6, Queen's
place, Southwark.
Gay, Jas. & Geo., merchants, 2, Queen's place,
Southwark.
Gaury, Josh, esq., merchant, 80, Watling st.
General Steam Navigation Company, 69, Lom-
bard street.
Giblis, Mr., Bell court. Cloak lane.
Golrlie, Jas. Mr., distiller, 88, High street,
Whitechapel.
Green, W. F. Mr., druggist, 42, Whitechapel rd.
Grant, D. esq., merchant, 2, Soulh pi., Fuisbury.
Grant, James & Co., grocers, 56, Mansell st.
Gore, J. B. Mr , solicitor, 89, Chancery lane.
(ieddes, A. esq., broker, East India chambers.
Graham, Chas. esq, Lloyd's, 2, While Lion ct.
Green Robt. Esq., ship agent, 12, Birchin la.
Greverus, H. D. esq., mercliant, 3, White Hart
court.
Grey, II. jun. esq.. Custom House agent, 19,
Water street. Tower street.
Green, W. A. Mr, Parliamentary Chronicle, 2,
Judd street.
liv
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS
H.
Hall, Benj. esq.. M.P.
Hume, Joseph, esq., M.P., Bryanstone square.
Harvey, D. W. esq., M.P.
Hebber, Bernard, esq., Russian Consul.
Heath, J. B. esq., Consul General for Sardinia.
Harman Si Co., merchants, Old Broad street.
Hiibbert, G. W. S. & Co., merchants, Billiter
court, Billiter square.
Hutli, Fredk. and Co., merchants, 9, South st.,
Finsbury.
Henckell and Du Buisson, merchants, IS, Lau-
rence Puuutuey lane.
Hart & Logen, merchants, 4, New Broad st.
Hodgson, Brothers a»d Davey, merchants, 3,
Cranes wharf.
Howe & Co., wine merchants, St. Dunstan's hill.
Hutchinson R- and Co., merchants. Old Swan
stairs.
Hewlett and Goddard, wholesale druggists, 68,
Hatton garden.
Homan and Heme, wholesale shoe warehouse-
men, 25, Skinner street. Snow hill.
Haviside, .1. and Co., Sun court, Cornhill.
Haywood, F. and D., Uoor cloth manufacturers,
37, Newington causeway.
Holme and Loftiis, solicitors, 10, New inn.
Henley and Son, tea dealers, &c,, 64 and 63,
Conduit street.
Howls and Masson, oilmen, 216, Piccadilly.
Hillam, J. C. and F., Custom House agents, 3,
Catherine court.
Harris, Thomas and Co., 6, John st., Minories.
Hodgkinson, Stead & Co., wholesale druggists,
213, Upper Thames street.
Herring (Bro.), druggists, 40, Aldersgate st.
Hunter, Zaccheusand Co., druggists, 44, Web-
ber row, Blacktriars.
Hill and Wackerbarth, ship agcnts,9, New East
India chambers.
Hall, J. and Son, gunpowder manufacturers, 23,
Lombard street.
Hyers & Gallaway, ship agents, 25, Mincing la.
HuUe, Jacob and Co., merchants, Laurence
Pouutney lane.
PUham, J. C. and F., Custom House agents, 3,
Catherine court.
Hodgson and Powis, shipping and insurance
agents, 13, Change alley.
Horner and Son, drug merchants, Bucklersbury.
Harris and Billiter, oil merchants. Maze Pond.
Hennington, T. esq, merchant, Leadenhall st.
Hickson, Saml. Mr., foreign warehouse, 72,\Vcl-
beck street.
Hutch, John.
Henderson, E. esq., wine merchant, 166, Picca-
dilly.
Hodgkinson, \Vm. esq., wholesale stationer, 24,
Skinner street.
Hodson, Geo. Mr., woollen draper, 2, Skinner st.
Hunter, Mark, esq., merchant, 15, Pi-ovidence
row, Finsbury.
Hovenden, R., 57, Crown court, Finsbury.
Hart, T. esq.. Comptroller of Accounts.
Herbert, T. C, Customs.
Hoare, Geo. esq.. Customs.
Harvey, W. P., Customs.
Hills, C. M., Customs.
Hammond, C. Mr., Customs.
Haward, George, Customs.
Hayward, Richard, London Docks.
Hilson, James, London Docks.
Head, John, London Docks.
Hearon, R. esq., wholesale druggist, 95, Bishops-
gate street.
Horsey, Geo. Mr., packer, 33, Camomile st.
How, \Vm.«sq., wine merchant, 19 Gt. Queen st.
HafTenden & Pye, merchants, 12, Bucklersbury.
Hawkins, Walter, esq., meroh.int, Fowkos bldgs.
Hodd, John, esq., brewer, Walworth common.
Humphrey, S. esq., merchant, 23, Little Britain.
Harrison, J. F. esq., 'merchant, 26, New Broad s^
Hentsch, George, Mr., 22, High st., Islington.
Henderson, John, esq., 4, Hare court, Temjile.
Hooper, Jno. and Sons, wholesale confectioners,
27, High Holborn.
I.
Ivimy, Joseph, esq., solicitor, 89, Chancery la.
Izod, Henry, esq., provision merchant, 107,
Blackman street.
Inglis, W., Customs.
Innis, John, and Co., tea dealers, 91, Fleet st.
Ishcrwood, Robert, Mr., Ludgate hill.
Ilbery, Jas, esq., ship broker, 6, Beer lane.
J.
Jaulery and Co., merchants, 9, New Bond st.
Jeft'ery, J. and R., drug merchants, Fish st. hill.
Javeson and Co., 137, Fenchurch street.
Jackson, G. L. and Sons, insurance brokers,
Hi, Water lane. Tower street.
Jones, W. & T., oil merchants, Graccchurch st.
Johnson, Mann and Co., merchants, Aldgate
High street.
Judsou and Wilson, drysalters, 7, Bush lane.
Johnson, W. C. esq., warehouseman, 95, Avai-
ling street.
Jenner, Tlios. Mr., oil and colourman, 25, High
street, St. Giles.
Jones, A. M. Mr., tea dealer, 166, Oxford .street.
Jones, R. Mr., grocer, 2t)8, High st. Borough.
Junqmichel, Chas, esq., merchant, 9, Size la.
Jay, G. H.,36, Lime street.
Joiliffe, C, Customs.
Jones, J. K., Customs.
Jones, H., London Docks (4 Copies).
Jarrett, W., 109, Fenchurch street.
Jones, T. T., 9, Billiter street.
Jaques, John, Mr., dealer in ivory, &c., 102,
Hatton garden.
Jackson and Knitt, wharlingcrs. Fresh wharf.
Lower Thames street.
Jameson, Wra. and Son, merchants, 23, Lau-
rence Pouutney lane.
Jacobson and Sons, gold and silver beaters, 20,
Great St. Helen's.
Johnston, R. Mr., perfumer, &c., 68, Cornhill.
Kelly, T. esq., (late lord mayor) Paternoster rw.
Key, sir John and Co., wholesale stationers.
4, Barge yard.
Kerr, Niven, esq., Turkey merchant, 4, Groat
Winchester street.
King, James, and Co., tea brokers, Walbrook.
King and Melvil, corn factors, 110, Fenchurch
street, (2 Copies.)
King <k Mortleman, coffee dealers, 22, Budge rw.
Keir, Stoddard and Co., merchants, Jo, Old
Broad street.
Kent, G. and Co , bristle merchants. Falcon sq.
Kinniard, Staite, and Co.,Upper Thames street.
Kendall and Son, perfumers, 447, Strand.
Kempson, H. C. Mr., ironmonger, 55, Hatton gn.
Kendall, W. S., customs,
Knox, C. esq., customs.
King, G. B., 4, Carslile street, Soho.
Kirk & Co., cochineal merchants, 2. Martin's In.
Kendall, J. Mr., Shepherd's lane, Homerton.
Knox, Edward, Mr., Mark lane.
Keil, J. esq.i Dundee Bank, 2, Billiter square.
L.
Leader, J. T. esq., M.P.
London Dock Company. (6 Copies.)
London and Havre Steam Packet Company, 70,
King William street.
London Caoutchouc Company, 36, King street,
Cheapside.
Lougdiil and Co., merchants, Crutched Friars.
Loughan and Co., merchants, 23, Coleman st.
Lyall (Bro.) & Co., merchants, 6, St. Helen's pa.
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
W
Lillevall & Molnc, clioescmongcrs, 42, Lime st.
Low, R. & Son, wholesale perfumers, 330, Striind.
Leaf, Cole, Son, & Co., warehousemen, 39, Old
Change.
Lambert, Thos. and Son, brass founders, 30,
New Cut, lilackfriars.
Lucas, Pope and Shaw, lighterman, 17, Harp
lane. Toner street.
Lashmar and liellingham, tea dealers, 38,
Graceclnirch street.
Langton and Wheatley, wholesale druggist, 27,
Laurence Pountney lane.
Lawford, T. B. esq., merchant, 106, Fenchurch
street.
Lingard, J. .T. N., Royal Navy, 7, Northumber-
land street. Strand.
Lewellin, Daniel, Mr., 30, Edward street, Ilamp-
stead road.
Leather, William, Mr., warehouseman, 32, King
street, Clieapside.
Lindifren, H. J. esq., ship broker, 45, Crutched
Friars.
Lea, Mr., Customs.
La Mark, F., agent. Water lane, Thames street.
Luscombe, J., Customs.
Low, D. W., Customs.
Lowen, W., Customs.
Lemon, S. B., Customs.
Lambert, W., Customs.
I,ow, W. T., Customs.
London, E. Mr., Coborn street. Borough road,
Lucas, H. A. Mr., High street. Borough.
Low, H. Wylie, Mr., 12, King's Armsyard.
Lewer, J. T. Mr., tobacconist, 4, Upper East
Smithdeld.
Lea, C. esq., Customs.
Lizardi, F. de, and Co., Mexican consuls.
Lambait, Mr., Liverpool street.
Laurence, George, esq., merchant, 6, Bury court,
St. Mary Axe.
Lane, James, esq., 63, Chancery lane.
M.
Muskett, G. A. esq., M.P.
Montefiore, Sir M., sherift' of London.
May, John, Wm. esq., Dutch consul general.
Maberly,co1one),secretary to Geueral Post Office.
Morrison, Cryder, and Co., geueral merchants,
9, New Broad street Buildings.
Martinez, Jones, Gassiot, and Co., merchants,
77, Mark lane.
Mussabini, J. and Co., merchants, 26, Finsbury
circus.
Mason, (Brothers,) merchauts, 21, Billeter st.
M'Andrew, W. and Sons, merchants, 3, Philpot
lane.
Mitcliell, VV. and J., merchants, 46, Lime street,
Macdonald, D. and Co., 31, Clement's lane.
Morrison, J. and Co., warehousemen. Fore st.
Maikland and Frost, wholesale coffee dealers,
139, Upper Thames street.
Morel (brotiiers), wine merchants. Sec, 210 and
211, Piccadilly.
Miluer, Francis, and Sons, lead merchants,
Crispin street, Spitalfiolds.
Moginie and Co., spice mcrcliants, 10, St Mary
at Hill.
Marshall, John, and Sons, taUow merchants,
181, High Holboru.
Morris, Valleutine, and Sons, wine merchants,
9, St. Mary-at-Hill.
Mould, Josh, and Co., wholesale cheesemongers,
43, Newgate street.
Marshall, Hutchinson, & Co., brokers. Bishop-
gate street.
Martin, R. and Co., lithographers, 26, Long Acre.
MGhie, Page and Smith, ship brokers, 21, E.K-
change Buildings.
Milton, John, Mr., tea dealer, 10, Great Mary-
lebone street.
May, W. esq., merchant, 123, Fenchurch street.
Makius, R. J. Mr., tea dealer, &c., 24, Blandford
street.
Matthews, J. Mr., wax chandler, 4 1, Long Acre.
Mongredieu, J. K. esq., merchant, 38, Finsbury
circus.
Maynard, R.Mr., East India agent, 27, Poultry.
Meader, S., Customs.
Manning, J. T. esq., Customs.
Macvicar, N., Customs.
Mackenzie, Customs.
Major, C. J., Custom house agent, 9, Billiter st.
Moss, Charles, and Co., ship brokers, 9, Mark
lane.
Munro Hector, London Docks.
MuUer, W. Mr., 3, Newm.in's court, Cornhill.
Mash, R. Mr., oilman, 150, Drury lane.
Messenger, Edgar, J. esq., 28, Fenchurch street.
MMurdo, David, and C/'o., manufacturing che-
mists, 4, Gould square, Crutched Friars.
Martin, T. escj., wine merchant, 14, Benet's
place, Graceclnirch street.
Many at and Sons, merchants, 2, Laurence
Pountney lane.
JLaunus, M. L. esq., merchant, Steel yard, Upper
Thames street.
Miller and Lowcock, wliolesalo tea-dealers, 2,
Queen street. Southwark bridge.
M.-irsden and Son, druggists. Queen street,
Cheapside.
N.
Nelson, Adam and Nelson, merchants. Savage
gardens.
Newman, Hunts and Christophers, merchants.
New Broad street.
Nash, Wm. and Co., tea dealers. Bridge row.
Neale, J. and E., oilmen, 64, Minories.
Nichols and Son, ship brokers, 33, Seething la.
North, Simpson and Graham, tea dealers, 36,
New Bridge street.
New\)on, C. Mr., tailor, 94, Dorset St., Fleet st.
Norris, B. Mr., raason, 39, George street. New
Kent road.
Norton, D. Mr., broker.
Newman, Customs.
Nottingham, Matthew, Mr., Custom house agent,
2, Beer lane. Tower street.
Neave, John, London Docks.
Newland, Mr., London Docks.
Naylor, George, Mr., grocer, 53, Bishopsgate st.
Nesbitt, J. esq., merchant. Mincing lane.
Norman, John, esq. ship broker, 1, Water lane.
Tower street.
O.
Ormerod fBro.). merchauts, 26, Bucklersbury.
O.xley and Taylor, merchants, 8, George yard,
Lomlnird street.
Oldaker, Wm. and Thomas, hop merchants, 90,
Boroush.
Oliver, C. M. esq. merchant, 37, Finsbury sq.
OUlroyd, W., Customs.
Oakcs, Thos., London Docks
Ormiston, James, esq., 22, Bread street.
P.
Planta, Right Hon. Joseph., M.P., 17, Clifford st.
Pattison, Jas. esq., M.P.
Palmers, Mackillop, Dew and Co., merchants,
King's Arms yard.
Phillips, Jonas, & Sons, merchauts. 6, Crosby sq.
Passingham and Nail, merchants, 1U6, Fen-
church street.
Pearse, J. and 1!. and Co., merchants, Moorgato
street (2 Copies).
Payne and Son, tea dealers, 3i!8, Regent street.
Powell, T and J. and T., leather factors, 3'j,
Lime street.
Prescot, Grote and Co., bankers, 62, Tlireadiieo-
dle street (2 Copies).
Prior, J. and C, coal mercliants, 146, Upper
Thames street.
Ivi
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
riiikinson, Jolin and Thomas, wax bleachers,
21,ykiniiev sliei't.
riiillips, I'aniell and Rowsell, Custom house
agents, 7". Lower Thames street.
PhilUjis and 'J iplady, insui-ance brokers, 3,
George yard, Lombard street.
Viriej.lohu and Co., ship brokers, 3, Freeman's
court, Coinhill.
Price & Gifl'ord, Colonial bankers, /, Suffolk la.
Pelershall, Urown and Co , wax chandlers, 1L2|
Fenchiirch street.
Pliipps, John and Co., wholesale stationers, 176
Upper Thames street.
Patry and Pasteur, brokers, 38, Mincing lane.
Pitcarn and Amos, merchants, 1, Copthall
buildings.
Pickstock, T. esq., merchant, 1, Clement's lane.
Phillips, Jas. Mr., packer, 9, King's arms yard.
Phipps, J. esq., wholesale stationer, 1/6, Upper
Thames street.
Palmer, Edw. Mr., chemical and philosophical
instrument maker, 103, Newgate street.
Pope, Samuel, esq., Bushey hall, Peckhani.
Perry, Thomas, Mr., iron manufacturer, 251,
High Holboin.
Prowse, J. S. esij., ship broker, &c., 28, Cle-
ment's lane.
Pye, George, esq., tin agent, Winchester house.
Old Broad street.
Pallatt, Jlr., spirit merchant, 31, County ter-
race. New Kent road.
Parsall, AV. II. Mr., corn factor, 4, Catherine ct.
Powell, C, Customs.
Piucomhe, W., Customs.
Packham, D., Customs.
Pritchard, Robt. Mr., South St., Grosvcnor sq.
Perkins, Thos. Mr., Addington sq.. Cambers ell.
Pearson, Thomas, Mr., 3, St. Helen's place.
Pepper, Captain J. D., ship harrier.
Powis, Jolin, Mr., insurance broker. Crooked
lane chambers.
Paton, 'NVm., 15. Great St. Helen's.
Pimm, .lames, Mr., 3, Poultry.
Pinckard, Josei)h, esq., Kussell square.
Plank, George, t"S(£., Customs, Fund office.
Provincial Bank of Ireland, 42, Old Broad st.
Pigeon, H. and A. S., distillers, 158, High Hol-
born.
Pim, Joseph, esq., 12, Castle couit, Bridge row.
Q.
Quinlan, J., 33, Trinity square.
R.
Reid, Irving, and Co., merchants. Old Broad st,
Reay, J. and Co., merchants, 75, Mark lane.
Redhead and Spiers, merchants, 16, Trinity sq.
Ridgway, Sidney, and Co., tea dealers. King
William street.
Rnekand Co., wiuemerchants, St.Dunstan'shill.
Rowland, A. and Son, perfumers, Ilation Gard.
Rule, E.and A., ship brokers, 103, Leadenhall st.
Robinson, Matthias, and Co., grocers, &c,. Red
Lion street, Holborn.
Ronchetti, J. and Co., opticians, Ilatton Garden.
Robarts and Co., merchants, 2, Abchurc'u lane.
Reinecker and Co., merchants, 9, Great Tower st.
Reynolds, Gunton, and Co., druggists, Nesv
Western street, Southwark.
Redhouse, J. esq., 34, Ernest street. Regent's
park.
Redman, J. Mr., 14, Liverpool st. Gray'siun rd.
Read, F. esq., Customs.
Reeves, W. T., Customs.
Reinforth, Customs.
Rich, G., Customs.
Russell, T. A., Customs.
Ricken, A. esq.. Customs.
Redman, T. Mr., chemist, Peokham.
Reeve, R. Mr., woollen draper, I, Skinner st.
Roberts, T. Mr., draper, 17, Blackman street.
Borough,
Riddle, T. Mr., 2, .Surrey place, Newington.
Ross, F. Mr., 15, Mansion House st. Kenningtou.
Ret.alliek, J. Mr., West India IJocks.
Routh, F. G. Mr., 8, Bisliopsgate street.
Rowsell, C. J. Esq., merchant, 8, Philpot lane.
Robinson and Co., lightermen. Water lane,
Tower street.
Rutty, J . esq., timber merchant (108, Edgeware
road.
S.
Scholefield, J. esq., M.P.
Standish, C. S. esq., M.P.
.Silva, J. T. esq , Vice-Consul for Brazil,
South Australian Company, Bisliopsgate st.
Story and Storr, merchants, 15, John street,
Crutched Friars.
Smith, T. W. and Co., merchants, 29, Great St.
H.dens.
Stride and Sons, merchants, 6, Copthall court.
Stiachan and Co., merchants, Copthall court.
Seddon.T.and G., cabinetmakers, Gray's-inn rd.
Schnnck, Souchays, and Co , merchants, 8, To-
kenhouse yard.
Sack, Bremer, and Co., ship brokers, 25, Mark la.
Savory, A. B. and Sons, silversmiths, Cornhill.
Sewell and Wlioley, wholesale grocers, King
William street.
Shedden and Sons, merchants, 6, Bedford square
(2 Copies).
Sinii)Pon, J. and J., furniture printers, 53, Skin-
ner stieet.
Scott, Bell, and Co., East India agents, 2, Alder-
man's Walk.
Stephenson and Co , wholesale ironmongerj,
61, Gracechuich street.
Smith, Sundins, and Co.,ship brokers, Cornhill.
.Sheldon, Messrs., brokers, 3, Ingram court,
Fcnchurch street.
Sharpe and Sons, grocers and tea dealers, 56,
Fenchnrch street.
Smith and Son, confectioners. Fell street. Wood
street, Cheapside.
Sowerby, W. and Co., distillers, 26, Aldersgatc st.
Salmon and Hall, 6, Farringdon street.
Scott, Savory, and Co., chemists, 369, Strand, 'j
Silver, J. W. and Co., clothiers and out-titters,
9 and 10, Cornhill.
Street, J. P. Mr., at Messrs. Boddington's, 9. St.
Helen's place.
Sander*, J. E. esq., Head Warden to the Fish-
mongers' Company, 7, Lower Thames street.
Slieppard, G. Mr., solicitor, 3, Guildford street,
Russell square (4 Copies).
Shepherd, J. esq., merchant, l.Lime street sq.
Sim, J. esq., rectifier, 146, St. John street.
Surridge, \V. Mr., wholesale cheesemonger,
21, Sraithfield.
Stokes, F. esq., 6, Leicester place.
Spindler, B., leather dresser, Bermondsey.
Strong, S. Mr., carpet warehouse, 20, Skinner st.
Swinburn, H. esq., merchant. Bush lane. Can-
non street.
Seally, H. M. Mr., tea agint, Fenchnrch street.
Staple, C. Mr., tea de.iler, 21, King st. Cov. Gar.
Selby, W. II. Mr., oil and colourman, 25, James
street, Covent Garden.
Speller, E. Mr., grocer, &c., 36, Berners street.
Smith. G. esq., 54, Lombard street.
Shea, H. esq., merchant, 10, Dowgate hill.
Sniilli, J. Mr., tea dealer, Grafton House, Graf-
ton street.
Shaw, J., Customs.
.Souther, Customs.
Shaw, A. W., Customs.
Shave, T., Customs.
Scanlan, E., Customs.
Suidey, J. M. esq., ship and insurance broker,
71, Cornhill.
Saunders, C. esq., comptroller of accounts. Legal
Quays.
Str.aith. J. Mr., indigo broker, 28, Commercial
Sale Rooms.
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
Ivii
Stone. R. Mr., Bloomru-lds, Dcptfoid.
SlicviKF, K., London Docks.
Story, W., U]i])cr Maiylcbono sirect.
Smith, II., 25, LiUirence I'ountney lane.
Sed};«ick, R., Custom House .-ig., 15, (.'iinnon st.
Snook, J., 16, George street, M^msion Mouse.
Smit!i. T. os<i., Mercantile .lournal Ollice, Min-
cing lane.
Shaw, W. esq.. Editor of Mark I/ane Exinrss.
Steel, J. II., nt Mr. Sheldon's, 3, Ingram court,
Fenclmrch street! .
Sclienk, R. osci., merchant, 4, Vine st. Minories.
Snnlev, G., chemist, 18, Wenlworth place, Mile
Knii.
Sprinj^weilor, A. Mr., cabinet maker, Duke street.
Little Britain.
S|)ooncr, Attwood, nml Co., bankers, Grace-
church street.
Smith, Goodhall, and Beeves, merchants,
Lawrence I'ountney lane.
Standard of England Life Assurance Oflice,
King William street.
Sewell, J. and Son, jewellers, 49, Fore street,
Cripplegale.
Spark, Ilealet, and Parsons, druggists, Brick
Hill lane. Upper Thames street.
T.
Touroude, R. esq., French Consulate, 4, Token-
house yard.
ToLtie, Clias. esq.. Consul for Sweden and Nor-
way, 17, Great St. Helen's, (2 Copies).
Twiss and Browning, merchants, 37, Mark la.
Thomson, Bunan and Co., merchants, 7, Austin
Friars.
Trenor and Satchell, merchants.
Taylor, E. and I , oilmen, 17, Holborn.
Thorp, .Mfred, esq., merchant, 39 & 40, Kingst.
Tliorp and Graham, wholesale stationers, 2,
Jewry street, Ald^ate.
Tennant and Sons, merchants, T^p. Thames st,
Tricbner and Mole, Russia brokers, 2, Union
court. Broad street.
Thompson and Foreman, Dyers' Hall wharf.
Upper Thames stieet.
TIiM aites, J. and B., 16, Mincing lane.
Taylor, Rich, and Co., East India agents, Free-
man's court.
Tibbs, J. II. Mr., grocer. Sec, 294, O.xford st.
Tanner, E„ ship broker, 16, Fish street hill.
Tuach, .T. es<|., woolstapler, 232, Bermondsey st.
Terry, W. J. Mr., grocer, 59, Greek street, Soho.
Ti]ipler, Robt. esq , merchant, 89, Tower st.
ThurslieUl, Edw. Mr., oilman, Oxford street.
Taltam.W. esq , Customs.
Taylor, W. W. esq , Customs.
Tanner, Thos., Customs.
Towdey, S., Customs.
Talbot, Mr., Customs.
Thomas, W. H., East India Dock Company.
Taylor, W. G.esq, silk broker, 13, Old Jewry.
Tyler.J., 16, Size lane.
Thorpe, (5eo. Mr., Surrey street. Strand.
Turner, W. J., Arnold place, Walworth.
Tundall, J. T., 48, Mark lane.
Taylor, H. J.Mr., grocer, 112 .ind 113,Tooley st.
Trimby, G. esq., merchant, 6, Lawrence I'ount-
ney lane.
Tarling, II. J. Mr,, ink maker, 28, St. John st.
Tonge, George, esq.
Tudor and Co , white lead manufacturers, 1C6,
Upper Thames street.
Thompson, J. Mr., Wood street.
Tatchell, Wm. escj., Russia broker, George yd.
Testet De Firmin and Co., merchants. Bishops-
gate chiirch-yard.
Tattam, Wm. esij.. Customs, (Inspector general
of Water guard).
Taylor, George, Mr., grocer, 53, Bisliopsgate
street, without.
Tuke and Hankcy, merchants, 25, Crutched
Friars.
V.
Vanzeller, F. esq., Portuguese Consul (-.'eneral.
Viltii, .^u>tin and Co., Italian merchants, 14, St.
Swithin's lane.
Veary, Richard, esc], (Customs.
Von Melle, W. esq., merchant, 10 Old Broad st.
U.
Underwood, Thos. Mr., grocer, 10, Cross lane.
Umpleby, John, esq., merchant, 2, Love lane.
W.
Wire, D.ivid Williams, es<i.. Under Sheriff of
London.
WiLson, Thomas and ('o., merchants, 6, Warn-
ford ciuirt
Walstiib, Jebsonand Co., merchants, 26, Austin
Friars,
Witton, n. W. & Co., mercliants, 63, Fcnchurch
street.
Willis, Arthur, Son and Co., merchants, Crosby
square.
Wilson, Harvey and Co., merchant:', 15, New
Bond street.
Wood and Co., merchants, Mark lane.
Welch, Gregory and Cubitt, stiaw hat manufac-
turers, 20, Skin nor street.
Walkers, Parker and Co., merchants, Abchurcli
lane.
Waters, J. & Sons, wine merchants, 1, Arthur st.
Wells and Winn, Custom House agents, 3, Lovo
lane. East Cheap.
Wrathall and Co., grocers, Tooley street.
Williamson, J. .*t J., mercliants, 5, Nicholas la.
Wilkinson, James & Sons, brokers, 138, Leadcn-
hall treet.
Webb, R. and Co., builders, St. John's gate.
A\ yattand Perth, wholesale tea dealers, Bloom-
field street, London wall.
Watkins, G. W. Mr., oil and colourman, 308,
Oxford street.
Way, J. Mr., tea dealer, 272, Oxford street.
Wall, G. jun. esq., 13, Peckham grove.
Walenn, \V. Mr., grocer, &c., 36, Gt. Portland st.
Warne, Saml. Mr. , newsvender, 36, Bell yard.
Temple bar.
Worley, Kobt. Mr., salesman, 10, Newgate st.
Wellspring, J. Mr., chemist, 35, Bedford street,
Covent garden.
Wadge. Jonat. Mr., wine merchant, Hayraaiket.
Wade, R. F. esq.,shipbrokcr, 14, London street,
Fenchurch street.
Williams, I,. esq., St. Thomas st.. Borough.
Willis, Josh. S. esq., merchant, Crosby s(iuare.
Weber, C. F. esq., merchant, 18, New East In-
dia chambers C2 Copies).
Watson, T. B. esq.. Customs.
Wilson, Mr., Customs.
Wilkinson, Edw. Mr., Customs.
Westlake, T. Mr., Customs.
Wride, W. Mr., Customs.
Wroughton, T. Mr., Customs.
Walton, 1). H. Mr., Customs.
Whaits, E. Mr., Custom.?.
Wilkinson, C. esq. Custom House agent, 05,
Lower Thames street.
Williams, R. esq.. West India Dock Company.
Wrightmati. Mr. 121, Cheapside.
Wooddeii, Thos , London Docks.
Welford, J. C. Mr, Crosl)y row. Borough.
Walker, John, Mr., 49, Park street. Regent's pk.
Wills, H. Mr., London Docks.
Williams, J. J. Mr. lighterman, 2, Beer lane.
Wing, T. W. Mr., Eastcheap.
Wayte, II. Mr., confectioner, 5, Gracechurch st.
Woodhouse, Decimus, chemist. King William st,
Watkins, Jas., Mr., 140, Aldersgate street.
Whitley, W. esq., Upper Thames street.
Wood, Mr., Castle & Falcon inn, Ahlersgatc st.
Witherby, Richard, merchant, 29, Nicholas la.
Wright Edgar, 21, Circus, New road.
Ward, John, Mr., chemist, 79, Bishopsgato st.
Iviii
Wye, G. W. esq. .merchant, ly.Crutched Friars
Warren, & Co., wholesale grocers, Houndsditch
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
Yatus, Saml. Mr., wine merchant, 3. Bury ct.
Younger, Samuel, Mr., commercial agent, 8, Gt.
Tower street.
Zulueta and Co., merchants, 69, King William
street.
APPLEDORE.
Burt, W. C, tide surveyor.
Bowen, James, ship owner.
Chappel, James, sliip owner.
Chappell, Thos.esq., merchant.
Clibbett, Wra. jun. esq., ship builder.
Cock, Wm., maltster.
Dart, Richard, ironmonger.
Hodges, Edw. B., wine and spirit merchant.
Pearce, Lieut., Richard, R.N.
Williams, Joshua, esq., ship owner.
Williams, Joshua, esq., builder.
ASHBURTON.
Bradford, John, North street.
Barons, Wm., Golden Lion Inn
Browse, Arthur, coach builder, &c.
Gaunter, R ichard, woollen manufacturer.
Caunter, Ilenry, woollen manufacturer.
Creagh, Ilenry, Crouch, land surveyor.
Husson, Edward, Crispin Inn.
Mann Wm., auctioneer and seed merchant.
Mann Chas. Henry, tailor, &e.
Mann, Thomas, commission agent, S:c.
Searell, Allen, slate merchant, I'enn Quarry.
Whiteway, W. Rolstone, miller, maltster, and
seed merchant.
ATREWAS near LICHFIE[.D.
Kent, Jno and Co., wire drawers.
BARNSTAPLE.
Arter, W. and Suns, merchants, Quay.
Baker, Richard, ironmonger.
Besley, John, grocer,
Bcncraft. Stephen, esq., banker.
Cotton, W. and Son, wine merchants.
Chaunon, Jno., tallow chandler.
Fairchild, Jno. esq., iron merchant. Quay.
Finch, Jno. esq., merchant.
Gibbs, Henry, iron and coal merchant.
Gregory, Robert and Son, esqrs., merchants,
Harris, George and Co., merchants.
Hunt, J. B.,atMessrs. Limnington's, merchants.
Martin, James, public rooms, Boutport street.
Prust, Joshua, iron and coal merchant.
Snell, Symonds & Co., wine & spirit merchants.
Thorn, Wm. Henry, grocer.
Thorn, Wm. esq., banker.
Veale, Samuel, tea dealer
Vellacott, Wm. and J., mercers.
Ware, Samuel, wine merchant.
Willshire, Thos, L. esq , ironfounder.
Woollacott, J,esq., timbermerchnt.,Ribboquay.
Wilkins, Jas. Rivers, ironmonger.
BIDEFORD.
Burnard, Thos. esq., merchant, Bideford.
Chanter, T. B. esq., merchant, Bideford.
Doidge, S. C, grocer, Bideford.
Evans, Thomas, ship builder, Middon street.
Forester, Henry, wine merchant.
Facy, Jno., cornfactor, steam mills.
Grant, Thomas, collector of Customs.
Handford, John, coal merchant.
Hogg, Jno. druggist.
Hamlyn, R. C, draper. High street.
Ley, James Smith, esq., banker (2 Copies).
Lee, John, upliolsterer, High street.
Martin, Wm., harbour master.
Pridham, W., ship agent. Quay.
Parramore, Thomas, esq., ironfounder.
Saunders, John, furnishing ironmonger.
Saunders, J. C, dniggist, Quay, (2 Copies).
Taylor, Robert, builder. Quay.
Vellacott, Thomas, draper. High street.
Wickhara and Co., wine merchants. High street.
White, Samuel, watch maker. All Halland street.
Wren, Josias, merchant and shipowner.
BRIDGEWATER.
Dalley, J.,esq.,collector of Customs (6 Copies).
BRISTOL.
James George, esq., mayor.
Thomas Kington, esq., sheriff.
Daniel Bvirgess, esq., town clerk.
Thomas Morris, esq., collector of customs.
John Brickdale, es((., comptroller of customs.
John Nightingale, esq., collector of excise.
Thomas Todd Walton, esq., postmaster.
C. F. Edes, esq., distributor of stamps.
BANKERS.
John Wilson Cowell, esq.. Branch Bank of Eng-
land.
William Edwards, esq.. Old Bank.
Tlioraas K. Bayley, esq.. Miles, Harford, and
Co.'s Bank.
P. F. Aiken, esq., Stuckey's Banking Company.
Geo. Wright, esq., Provincial Bank of Enghmd.
John Bates, esq.. West of England and South
Wales Bank.
MERCHANTS AND OTHERS.
Acraman, D. E. and A., Quay.
Ale.xander, M. J. F. and A., Quay.
Alnian and Co., Quay.
Abraham, J. and J., 32, King street, Queen sq.
Arnold, Tliomas P., accountant. Small street.
Amos and Manning, linen drapers, 25, Union st.
Arlett, Wm., leech dealer, Castle street.
Attwood, Henry, 104, Redclifl' street.
Ayres, William, marine ."-tore dealer, King st.
Alexauder, Jos. F., Royal Hanoverian consul.
Alexander, Abraham, V. Russian consul.
Alexander, W. W., V. consul for His Majesty
the King of the two Sicilies.
AUford, Robert, 39, Redclilf street.
Ariel, Myles, esq.
Allies, John, 50, Broad Mead.
Baillie, Evan, Sons and Co.
Brice, Stock and Hier, Old Market street.
Barnes, F. K. esq.. Counter Slip.
Beard, W. II., I'rinces' street.
Bryant, Edward, bonded store merchant.
Barford, Captain, J. C, commissariat depart.
Brain, Joseph.
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
llX
Bickley, Benjamin, and Co., Princes street.
Brown and Johnson, commission agents, &c.,
Clare street Hall.
Barnt'tt, Samuel, A. and Son, timber merchants.
Buckuall and Spark.
Bushel], William, Esq., alderman, Portland sci.
Bligh, Francis, John, Mr., 26, College Green.
Barrow, R. and J., commission merchants, 19,
Clare street.
Budgett, H. II. and S., wholesale grocers, 13,
Nelson street.
Brown, James, and Co.
Burltou, Richard, esq., Clevedon.
Bcames, T., silk mercer, St. Augustine's parade.
Bigg, L. O. esq., St. Stephen street.
Benson, M. tobacconist, St. Augustine's parade.
Bremner and Chapman, tailors and drapers, St.
Augustine's parade.
Bartlett, John, scale, beam and weighing ma-
chine mauul'actoiy, 3, Welsh Back.
Bigg, W. Oliver, (obacco manufacturer. Back.
Box, Cliarles, tea dealer.
BroughtoH, E. and Son, salt and provision mer-
chants, 4, Welsli Back.
Bush, H. and Co., merchants, Baldwin street.
Bryant, S.,tea merchant, Clare street.
Braham, John, optician, St. Augustine's pa-
rade, (3 Copies.)
Bigwood, J. sen., Baldwin street.
Booth and Morcom, West India brokers, 1,
Stephen street.
Bragg, Ricliavd, wine merchant.
Beer, W., wliartinger and colour raanuf. Quay.
Bridges, J. J., chemist, &c.. Broad street.
Bryant, Lewis, grocer, Nicholas street.
Blethyn, T., woollen draper, 48, wine street.
Bodham, J. B. esq., merchant.
Ballin, Isaac, furrier, 45, Wine street.
Bernard, C. and M. C, merchants.
Brooks, Jno., Nelson street.
Boucher and Laveston, drapers, 28, Castle st.
Batten, Robert, High street.
Bartlett aud Mogg, wine merchants, Bath st.
Beeston&WooUey, timber merchants, Wapping.
Burges, Daniel, Esq., town clerk
Barrett, W., hat manufactory, 72, Castle street.
Baker, Jno., Castle green.
Brooks, Charles, 105, Temple street.
Brooking, Johu, sworn measurer, Bedminster.
Bartlett, R., ship builder, Hotwells.
Bradley, Lieut. W. J., R.N. ,13, Cornwallis place.
Baptist mills.
Bligh, James, Belmont Clifton.
Bowles iic Noake, timber merchants, Thomas st.
Barton, S. and J., coach builders, Bedminster
bridge.
Boone, John, Temple street.
Ball, James Tavler, 2, Wilder street.
Blake, Thomas,' 29, Bath street.
Bull, Edward, I ucker street.
Bright, J. and J., Temple street.
Benlield, Charles, 47, Redclill" iiill.
Birtill, Samuel S., Redcliff street.
Bevan, John, S., St. John's bridge.
Burgess, W., Small street.
Butler, William, Castle street.
Ball, Henry, esq., barrister. Temple.
Blackburow, Jno., (2 Copies.)
Cunningham. James, esq., Rodney pi., Clifton,
Clent, Thomas, Mr.
Cross, W. and Son, ship brokers and merchants.
Quay.
Carlisle, Robson and Co., mercers, &:c.. Wine st.
Clemeuts, S. G. aud Co., merchants and whole-
sale druggists.
C^'ole, Holder & Cole, linen merchants. Bridge st.
Chanter, J. and (^o., linen merchants. Bridge St.
Clifton and Weir, wiue merchants.
Cross, Cornelius, tea dealer. Old market street.
Clark, Mr., ship broker, Quay.
Coombs, J. H., stationer, St. Augustine's parade,
(3 Copies.)
Castle, Edwards, and Co., distillers. Milk street.
Capper, Joseph, chemist and druggist. Corn st.
Copp, John, IJaldwin street.
Cozens, Joseph, 5, Sussex phace, Montpellier.
t/orey, Thomas, Park row.
Cross, Thomas, whtlesaie stationer. Narrow
Wine street.
Catley, R. W., linen'draper, 22, Union street.
Cousins, Wm., and Co.
Coalbrookdale Company, 82, Castle street.
Cross, Jno. B. esq., merchant, 114, Redcliff st.
Carruthers, Jno. Beard, bookseller. High street
(2 Copies.)
Claxton, W. esq., merchant, 19, Trinity street.
Cook, William, Cannons Marsh.
Coles, George, Temple Gate.
Clark, Michael, 65, Park street.
Curtis. Jacob, ironmonger, 27, Baldwin street.
Cox, James, and Son, Small street.
Carlile, Thomas, Bath street.
De Mascareuhas, Chev. Portuguese consul gen.
Davis, Thomas, 0, Exchange buildings.
De (iamboa, A. esq., St. John's bridge.
Dighton, Isaac, esq., 2, Lower Park row.
Drake, Thomas, aud Sons, Back hall.
Daniell, J. A. and Co., ship chandlers, &c., 54.
Queen square.
Doddrell, T. D., tea dealer. Small street.
Davey, George, bookseller, (^6 Copies.)
Dale and ('o.. Wine street.
Drew, John, printer, St. John street.
Dando, J. and C. V., 10, Castle street.
Dulfett, John, Temple back.
Dixes and Williams, Narrow Wine street.
Dibbin and Co., 21, Old Market street.
Duffett, James, sen., St. Philip's marsh.
Davis, Samuel and Co., 1, Okl Market street.
Eales, Charles F., esq.. Distributor of Stamps.
Edwards, James. 35, Back.
Edgar, Preston, 1, Temple-street.
Edwards, Francis, 4, Somerset-terrace.
Edwards and Baker, hemp aud lla.x mills, St.
Philip's (2 Copies).
Evans, W. & Co., Castle-green.
Franklyn, J. N. and G. W., Welsh-back.
Fry, J. S. and Sons, Union-street.
Ford, James, and Co., public bonded warehouse
proprietors. King- street-hall.
Frampton and Hancock, tea dealers aud liquor
merchants. Little King-street.
Forde and Fresnoy, King-street.
Fi<her, Jolin, esq., wine-merchant.
Fiske, Wills, and Co., wholesale tea dealers.
Freeman, Charles, silk mercer, St. Augustine-
paratie.
Freeman, John, and Co., copper merchants.
Ferris, Brown and Scove, chemists, Bristol and
Clifton.
Fear, Samuel J., plumber, &c., Redcliff-street.
Fowler, John, esii,, builder, Dowry-pirade.
Foley, Charles, 5, Old King-street.
Frost, John, 7o and 76, Redcliff-street.
Fargus, John, and Son, 4, C'lare-street.
Fisher, Stephen, currier. Old Market-street.
Flook, Thomas, and Co., wine merchants,
Glo'ster-lane.
Fielclen and Co., Castle-street.
Fullarton and Co., booksellers (100 Copies).
Gibbs, Son, aud Bright.
Gibbs, James, esq., alderman.
Granger, Chas.,&; Son, merchants, Lewin's-mead
Gardener, J. and II., i»ressers aud packers,
Broad-street.
Garrard, Thomas, esq., Sinthwell street.
G(!orges, Kickettes, ami Co., porter brewers,
Bath-street.
Gray and Morris, wine and spirit merchauLs.
Gulloy, Lionel \V., wine merchant. Exchange.
Glasson, George C., commission merchant.
Godwin, Hensley, and Godwin, Wine street.
Ix
PATRONS AMD SUBSCRIBERS.
Giles and Snow, rlrapers, 4G, Wine street.
Ganc, George, chi'ese liictor.
Goolden, Samuel, colonial broker, Albion
cliiimbors, Small street.
Greenslade, James, and Co., Bridge parade.
Gn yer, W. and J., Tem)de back.
George, Clnistojdier. and Co., Rcdcliffliill.
Gwyer and Gil)l)s, Tucker street.
Giles, R. B., 52, York crescent, Cliftou.
Gillam, .losepli, 63, Redcliff street.
Greenslade, William, and Co., Thomas street.
Garrard, George and John, 43, Princes street.
Green, F. W., Dean's marsh.
Glass, J. M., Temple back.
Gwyer, H. and F., Temple gate.
Gibbs, James, 42, Broadmead.
Godwin, James, 87, Castle street.
Gosling, Henry, 108, Thomas street.
riarley, Edward,esq., alderman, 34, Portland sq.
Hare, Charles, esq., Clifton.
Hamilton, James, Mr. receiver of town dnes and
custom house agent.
Hunt, Richard, and Co., Quay.
HoUaday, F. esq., 3, Montague parade.
Hopkin, William, w ino and brandy merchant.
Harlbrds, Davis and Co., iron masters.
Harper, A., and Co., St. Augustine's paraile.
Hcllicar, V. and J., Welsh back.
Ilusenbeth, F. C.esq., wine merchant.
Hornblower, J. esq., wine merchant, 50,Quecn sq.
Hodges, Francis, music seller, Clare strei^t.
Kingston, Thomas, 10, Park street.
Howell, John, and .Son, timber merchants.
Hole, William, gun maker, Higli street.
Hdbbs, T. M. esq., iron merchant, 46, Qnay.
Hillier, John, groc<'r, 2, Welsh back.
Hazard, Rubert, and Co., confectioners, fruit
erers, &c., St. Augusiine's parade.
Hamlen, Richard, 20, Baldwin street.
Hall and Evans, wine merchants.
HilUiouse, George, and Co., merchants, Cum-
berland road.
Holland, George L. esq., customs.
Harwood, William, jun., grocer, Lewin's mead.
Hunt, Geo. and Co., tea dealers, Maryleport st.
Harwood, J. B., and Co., St. John's bridge.
Hunt, John, and Sons, ironmongers, cutlers,
iicc, 1, Castle street.
Hobbs, William, chemist, commissioners' agent,
&c.. King street.
Hill, G., tea dealer and grocer, 10, Union street.
Hogarth, G. A., chemist, 34, Redclift" street.
Harris and Son, soap makers, 115, Redcliffst.
Hall, Frank M. grocer, St. Maryleport st.
Hasell, W. H., tea dealers, 66, Redcliff hill.
Heaven, Thomas, Cave street, Queen square.
Harding, Cox, and Slean, 5, Old ilavket street.
Hare, John, and Co,, Temple gate.
Hewitt, William, M'elsh coal wharf.
Hasell, Richard, 125, Thomas street.
Hill, James, dealer in mahogany, Merchant st.
Hill, George, Beaufort buildings, Clifton.
Hillier, Richard, 10, Nicholas street.
Hallani, James K., 16, Maryleport street.
Hall, William, tallow chandler, West street.
Hunt, Wright, and Co.
Ingram and Bush, West India brokers. Corn st.
Ingram, William, grocer, Maryleport street.
Joliffe, James Hudson, druggist, College green.
Jeffery, John, College green.
Jones, Joshua, es(j., Gt. George st, Park street.
Jennings, James, grocer. High street.
Jordan, John, tailor and men's mercer, 9 and
10, Upper Arcade. •
Johnson, Thos. & Son, silk mercers,33. Wine st.
Jackson, Ainsworlh and Co., wholes.ale iron-
mongers, Ratclifte st.
Jefferies and Price, brass founders, RedclilT st.
Jones, K. T., Clifton.
James, Stephen, RedclilT hill.
Kilsby, Richard, general agent.
King, Richard and William, African merchants.
King, John, optician, 2, Clare street (6 Copies).
Kerslake, J., bookseller. Barton Alley (2 Co-
pies),
Kent, John, esq., Frogmore street.
Ludlow, E., esq., sergeant-at-law.
Lucas, Robert, esq., public bonded warehouse
proprietor.
Lucas, Coathupe and Co.
Lucas, Thos. S. W. and John, wholesale confec-
tioners.
Lax, Josh, and Co., wine andbrandy merchants.
Lleweliu, H. R.esq., pul.-lic bonded warehouses,
Redcliff wharf.
Lowe, Wm., turner, 24, Denmark street.
Lucas, James, china dealer, 12, Queen square.
Lewis, John L., cheescfactor, 10, Small street.
Lewis, Thomas, esq., ironmonger, Marsh street.
Lambert, Wm., block maker. Quay.
Leonard, Warren, and Co., 30, Bridge street.
Levy and Co., Bristol bazaar, Union street.
Low and Dilsdall, linen merchants, Mai-yporf st.
Light and Ridler, 21, High street (2 Copies).
Langhornc, Thomas L.. Merchant street.
Leon, Matthew T., Castle green.
Lyne, S., Broad plain, St. Philip's.
Lawrence, W. S., !0, Merchant street.
Levy, Levy, 34, Upper Arcade.
Lediard, Jones and Mortimer, 67, Thomas street.
Lovell, J. H., 28, James's place, Kingsdown.
Lane, Edmund, 1, Ellbroad street.
Lambert, Richard, jun. esq,, 34, Princes street.
Lawes, Charles, P.ayne and Co., 12, Castle st.
licwis, James, 49, Old market street.
Lilly, R. T. esq.,1, Pennywell road.
Line, John, woollen draper. Union street.
Lc Ray, J., agent. Quay.
Miles and Kington.
Maze, Peter and Son, Grove.^
Mngg, W. H. esq., solicitor.
Masey, Edward, esq., bonded warehouse keeper.
Marsh street.
Moore and Browne, wine merchants.
Moxham, John, accountant. Bank ct.. Corn st.
Mereweather, J. and Son, merchants.
Muston, George, chronometer maker. Small st.
]\Ieredith, Abraham, 36, Quay.
Matthews, Matthew, Bristol Directory oflice.
Narrow wine street.
Moger, George, wine merchant. Nelson street.
Masey, J. W. and J. M., Princes street.
Marsh, Robert, 22, Castle green.
Moore, Roger, 123, Redcliff street.
Moore, Wm., and Son. 125, Redcliff street.
Manning, R. II. and Co., Temple back.
Milsom, James, Clifton wood.
Meatyard.George, iron warehouse and hardware.
Bridge street.
Magjfs, George, and Co., 2, Ellbroad street.
May, R. S., Baldwin street.
Moore, Adlam, and Co., 12, Broad Weir.
Morris, George, 3, Queen lane, Redcliff street.
Morgan Richard, 59, O. M. street.
Menlove, Thomas, grocer, Union street.
Nash, James Ezekiel, esq., Gt. George street.
O'Neill, John, linen draper, 1, St. Augustine's
Parade.
Ogden, Benj. esq., Welsh R.ack.
Osier, Thos. esq., Richmond Hill, Clifton.
Osborne, Robert, Redcliff Backs.
Pinney and Case.
Powell (Brothers), St. Philip's.'
Palmer, .\rthnr, jun. esq., barrister.
Payne, Chas. esc)., 29, Corn street.
Piltcr, Lovell, ship broker. Sec.
Parsons, Hurles and Co.
Protheroe and Son.
Pollard and Co., ship brokers. Queen square.
Protheroe, Thos., bonded timber yard. Butts.
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
Ixi
Palmer, FreJ. esq., wine merchant, 2, Fioglane.
Pattillo. Penolt and Co., Clare stveet.
P.-ck, W. B., jun., Broad street.
Pink, Brown 'ami Co., liigli street.
Parker, Francis, tea dealer, 2, Bridge street.
Pope, Peter, esq.. Custom House.
I'rideaiix, Son,Shapland and Co., general ware-
housemen. Wine street.
Proctor and Barker, china and glass warehouse,
29, Wine street.
Paruall, Wra. and Co., ironmongers, &c.. Dol-
phin street.
Powell, Wm., stationer, 22, Narrow Wine street
(2 Copies).
Paruells and Co., tobacconists, RcdclilY street.
Price, Chas., RedcliiT street.
Prichard Sc Croft, oil merchants, 17, lledclilVst.
Powell, T. and S., cork merchants.
I'reston, H., 20, Bridge street.
Peters, W.aud John, 113, KedelitV street.
PhiUipps, Alfred, 105, Kedclitf street.
Poole, James, and Son, coiil wharf, Ilotwells.
Perry and Perrott, 35, St. Thomas street.
Price, Chas. and Son, 43, Thomas street.
Parsons, Jaraes, 67, Thomas street.
Phillips, J. U.sen., Nelson street.
Pralten, Benj., shoe manufactory, Stokes Croft.
Perry, T. .and J., coach makers, Stokes Croft.
Phili\ps & Gomez, linen warehouse, 1, North st.
I'errin, Thomas, Wilder street.
Prosser, James, King street.
Pointer, J. 11. &; Co., Iloultou street, St. Paul's.
I'owell, T., oil and colourmari, 37, Redclilf hill.
Pence, John, 22, Milk street.
Peace, Chas., 50, Castle street.
Pratten, M. and W., 3 and i. Castle Mill street.
Pass, Capper, metal refiner, St. Philip's marsh.
Penny, Wra., mason, 5, Avon street, Temple st.
Poun'tney and Goldney, pottery.
Quinton, II. C.esq., Welsh back.
Rieketts, Rich, esq , alderman.
Reed and Staile, wine merchants. Lit. King st.
Handle, Wm. esq., Queen square.
llidiUe and Dew, merchants.
Richardson and Board, wholesale druggists.
Small street.
Room, Grazebropk and Co., Quay.
Rankin, F. Harrison, esq., Asylum Life Office,
Corn street.
Rowland, Edw., optician (2 Copies).
Rin;; & Hood, shiss S; china dealers, 3, High st.
Racole, Thos. Wm , Brislington.
Robinson, Ricli. and Co. , merchants. Queen sq.
Rol)erts, 'I'hos., seedsman, &c., 9, Peter street.
Ringer, W. esq., tobacco and snuff manufacturer,
Ul, Redclilf street.
Ridgway and Allis, 12, Nelson street.
Rumsey, Wm., 18, North street.
Ricketts, Wills and Co., Maryleport street.
Ricketts, Henry and Co., Temple gate.
Robertson, John, Temple street.
Ring, lUch. F., Ilengrove.
Russell, Josh, esq., Barrs lane.
Roach, Thos. and Son, Barrs lane, Milk street.
Rutter and Co., IS, Castle street.
Rice, Benj., 13, Nicholas street.
Rogers. Wra., College street.
Rose, P. and Sons (3 Copies).
Smith, Wm., Irish provision merchant. Quay.
Smith, Thos. Lovelin, Custom House agent.
Staite and Ash, iron merchants. Marsh street.
S.mders, Wm, esq.. Bridge parade.
Shettler, Robt. B. (at Geo. llilhouse, and Co.)
Sheppard, Thos., chemist, Clare street.
Stone, Thos., tea dealer, Clare street.
Sargent, J. and J., boot and shoe manufacturer,
Welsh Back.
Strong W., bookseller, Clare street. (2 Copies.)
Salmon, John, and Co., timber merchants.
Stivens, .lohn, Leghorn meiehaut.
Shapland, Wreford and Co., liuen merchants.
.Spencer, John, chemist, &c., 10, Rroadmond.
Smith, Simeon, wine and spirit merchant, Mary-
leport street.
Stanton, I), tea dealer and grocer, GO, Castle st .
Shattock,John, 10, merchant street.
Sndth, Baker and Co., High street.
Shuiraer, liich., waggon office, Temple street.
Smith, Joseph, 137, Thomas street.
Short, Samuel, Piiiladelphia street.
Stirt'and Beddoes, Uedclin' street.
Sirams, Thos., rope yard, Hillsbridge, near Tem-
ple gate.
Smitli, Francis, 8, Merchant street.
Savage, J. and Francis, sugar house. Wilder at.
Symons and Bevan, ship and boat builders,
Wapping.
Sanson), Philip, Redeliffback.
Stephens, Isaac, 18 and 19, Maryleport street.
Spurrier, Charles, 1, Hanover bldgs.. Park st.
Stephens, Isaac,jun., 46, Castle street.
Stoate, Rich, and Son, 2, Unity street.
Simmons, Kobt. and Co., Broad street.
Shilstoue, M. esq.. Customs.
Terry and In^'ledeu, tea brokers, 3, Clare st.
Thomas, John, Sons and Co.
Taunton, Edmond, esq., (of Palermo.)
Turner, Wm., bonded warehouse. Back street.
Tovey, Charles, wine merchant, Stokes Croft.
Thou'ias, Edw., spirit merchant, 2, Ciiftou place,
Clifton.
Thomas, Wm., sail maker. Quay.
Taylor, Chas. and Son, goldsmiths. High st.
Trotmau, James, oilman, &;c., 77, Broad quay.
Thomas, W. and Son, hosiers, glovers, &e., 14,
Wine street.
Thomas, T. and Sons, Queen street.
Tothill, Chas. and Co., Temple back.
Tucker, J. W., Commons marsh.
Thornton, H., grocer, 2, Clarence rd.. West st.
Taylor, Henry, ship broker. Grove.
Trickey, R. H., builder, College street.
Urch, Prichard and Co.
Underbill, Gec.rge, lOt), Temple street.
Underwood, T., farrier and cloth cap maker, St.
James's church-yard.
Verriere, and Co., merchants. Princes street.
Vowles, James, T., hat manufacturer, Corn st.
Vildosola, A. L. esq.,mercl!ant.
Vallance, Henrv, Re<lclitf st.
Viuer, A., G8, Oid Market street.
Winwood, Bush and Boddoe.
Wait and James.
W"arne, J. escj., Clifton.
Wiutle, Thos. and Joseph, linen merchants.
Whitwell and King, ship brokers, &c.
West, Edward, H. eiq., maliogany merchant.
Cerulean Lodge, Stokes Bishop.
Wright, Wm. and Son, wine meiehanls.
W.alker, R. S., accountant.
Walton, Thos. T. esq., postmaster.
Wright, Geo. esq.. Manager of National Provin-
cial bank of England.
Webb, J. escj.. Marsh street.
Wauklyn, John, vinegar maker. Small street.
Wliittiiig, Charles, Baldwin street.
Watts, W. O. esq., wine merchant.
Watts, Jas. Colston, sail maker. Quay.
Wallington, Jacob, painter and ship chandler.
Quay.
Wedmore & Claypole, tea dealers, Bridge prde.
Williams, Joseph, ship broker, 2", Welsh-back.
Whiitard, J. A., draper, 54, Wine street.
Wickham and Hooper, silk mercers, 2, Union st.
Williams, Rees, bacon factor, Maryleport street.
Wilmot and Son, Narrow wine street.
Wallis, Swaine, clothier, 3, Castle street.
Webb, James. druggist. Castle street.
Worboys, George B., jewelloi-, &c.,62 Wine st.
Warren, Thomas, wholesale druggist, 4i!, Red
^ clilV street.
Ixii
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
Wyld, Geo. and Sons, wine and spirit merchants,
RcdcUlT street.
Whittall, G. P., merchant, Quay,
"Withey, George, 4, Old King street.
Whiteiiouse, J. L., 3, Bridge street.
Williams, Charles, 24, Redcliff street.
"Westeott; .Tasper, 20, Redcliff street.
Williams, Thomas, 5, Thomas street.
Wine, John, 27, Temple street.
Witehell, T. S., corn factor, Redcliff street.
Widgery, C. B., 2, Broadweir.
Wayte and Lloyd, 3, Union street.
Wintle, .Tames and Co., Bridge parade.
Wales, James, 110, Thomas street.
Withers, Geo. and Jno.,hatters,81, Castle street.
Winter, Henry, Jacob st. Old Market street.
Ward, Danvers, H. esq.. Bread street, St. Philips.
Winchester, James, pipe manufacturer, Bread
street, St. Philip's.
Wild, A. and J., glass stainers, 1, Horsefair.
Williams, George, watch maker, 59, Broad Quay.
Whereat, John, 70, Castle street.
Williams John, 45, King street, Queen square.
Webb, Charles, Wine street.
BRIXHAM.
Champion, George, ship owner.
Kendrick, Samuel.
BUCKFASTLEIGH.
Petherbridge, Jno., woollen manufaclurer
Thnell, J no, woollen manufacturer.
Waycott, Wm, maltster. ~
BURTON UPON TRENT.
Allsop, J. B., esq.
Allsopp and Sons, brewers.
Salt, Thomas and Co., brewers.
CHITTERN.
Long, Walter, esq.
Fisher, Thomas, esq.
CHUDLEIGH.
Whiteway, Samuel, maltster.
COLLOMPTON.
Burrow, Robert, gentleman.
Bowerman, James, White Hart, hotel.
Gribble, Albert, esq., solicitor.
Nichols, James, druggist, &c.
Pannell, William, bell founder.
Sliiles, H. M., Willand near Collonipton.
Whitter, T. W. esq., bunker.
DARTMOUTH.
Anlhony, Rich., grocer and spirit merchant.
Brooking, G. esq., collector of Customs.
Baker, Brothers ami (b., merchants.
Bryant, James, engineer, gas works.
Clift, Noah, ship owner.
Donevan, Daniel, Castle inn.
Fox, John, ship owner.
FoUett, William, ship builder.
Fagvvell, Thomas, ship owner.
Fox, Rich, and C^o., patent rope manufacturer.
Green, John Wilson, ship builder.
Holdsworth, Henry, merchant.
Harris, Robert, banker.
Hutchins, Chas., esq., Woodford house.
Lanyon, John F., ship owner.
Lakeman, Thomas, brewer, &c.
Langley, Robert, H., Commercial hotel.
Nichols, William Henry, ship builder.
Newman, William esq.. South town.
Porter, John, esq.. Above town.
Petherbridge, Henry, ship owner.
Rogers, Henry, wine merchant.
Smith, J. B. esq.. Clerk of the Peace.
Seale, J. H. esq. M.P., Mount-boom.
Stapleton, M. esq., banker.
Teage, John, esq., mayor.
Vincent, Charles, surveyor, &c.
Wills, Henry, accountant.
Wills, Joshua, esq., merchant.
DEVONPORT.
Brockenton, J., sailmaker, 52, Clowance street.
Banks, David, ship builder, Franks Quarry.
Belling, F. esq., merchant, St. Aubyn street.
Chubb, Edward, rope manufacturer. Wood park»
Clarke, W., ship owner, James street.
Desteu, R., ironmonger, 70, Fore street.
Doubttire, James, grocer. Market street.
Dale, Henry, ship owner. Mull Brook."
Devon and Cornwall Banking Company.
Elswovthy,T. jun., coal merchant. New Passage.
Fittock, G., tea dealer, &c., 5, Catherine street.
Giles, J., brewer^ 29, Chaple street.
Hoar, J., tobacco maimfacturer, Pembroke st.
Husband and Co., bankers. Fore street.
Jeffery, M. W., druggist. Market street.
Paramore, David, merchant, George street.
Rundle and Sons, wine merchants, .5, George st.
Restarick, T., ship owner, &c., 88, James st.
Row, Uriah, ship owner, Ker street.
Thomas, John, wharfinger. Prospect terrace.
Wheddon and Lescombe, brewers, St. Aubyn st.
Winlo and Son, merchants, James street.
EXETER.
Arming, R., grocer, 1G3, Fore street.
Burch, J., auctioneer. High street.
Barrell, T.,coal merchant, Heavitree.
Benuicke, W. A., accountant, 19, Holloway st.
Bowcher, E., spirit dealer, 71, High street.
Bear and Murch, British spirit dealers. Water
Beer street.
Braiind, G. and J., wholesale drapers. Water
Beer street.
Bury, Thomas, general carrier. Mermaid yard.
Burne and Farrant, drapers, 131, Fore street.
Beal, W., ironmonger. North street.
Bond, J. jun., spirit merchant, St. Thomas st.
Bastard, S. S. and Co., merchants, James st.
Burrow, R., draper, 173, Fore street.
Barbery, W., oil merchant, 144, Fore street.
Clench, J. jun. and Co., brewers. Mermaid yard.
Crockett, W., wine and spirit merchant, Paul st.
Cullum, R., printer, &c., Goldsmith street.
Cross, H., tobacconist, 76 and 77, Fore street.
Croome, J., druggist, 47, High street.
Coldridge& Sons, ironfounders. New North rd.
Cuthbertson, J., baker, &c.. South street.
Craig, S., draj)er, Oakhampton street.
Dewdney, K. H., tea dealer, 82, Fore street.
Deane, W. R., friller, Coorabe street.
Downe, W., plumber. South street.
Dean, C, civil engineer. Castle street.
Dyer, T., druggist, St. Thomas street.
Kllett, J. B., Butclicrs' Arms, Market street.
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
xliii
Froom, W. and Son, druggists, Novth street.
Gaul, R., coppersmith, 42, South street.
Gould, C. S., grocer, 40, Higli street.
Howell, \V., Steam Packet agent, C^athedral yd.
Hucklebridge, J., plumber, &c., 7. Paris street.
Ham, .1., druggist, 187, High street.
Helmore, M., ironmonger, 158, Fore street.
Jones, J., accountant, 1, Lower Southerney.
Kennaway, VV. esq., merchant, Friars.
Langworthy, J., ironmonger. North street.
Lutley, A. and S., liop merchants. South street.
Luke and Sons, ironmongers, 93, Fore street.
M'Kay, .T., chemist, 220, High street.
Moxon, R., grocer, 70, High street.
MoUand, J., ironmonger, Water Beer street.
Matthews, H. and Co., wholesale druggists,
101, Fore street.
Owen, T. jun., brewer. City Brewery.
Oke, T. B., accountant, Alphington street,
Perriara, J., general agent. Quay.
Punchard, S., Dolphin inn, Market street.
Poole, S. sen., dyer, E.\e Islands.
Rew, W., tanner.
Rossitcr, E.^jjlass dealer. High street.
Rendell, S., Royal Oak, Milk street.
Sercomb, J. C. and G., merchants. Quay.
Sanders, W., tanner, Woodbui y, near Exeter.
Shepperd, J., wine merchant, 57, Magdalen st.
Sanders and Snow, wine merchants. Gaudy st,
Sercorabe, T., porter merchant, 100, Fore street.
Strong, J., Powhey mills, Exe Islands.
Strong, W. esq., merchant, Exe Islands.
Tanner, F. esq., merchant, Colleton crescent.
Tucker, W., Crown and Sceptre inn. North st.
Tombs, W., banker. Fore street.
Tosswill, J. H., grocer, 86, Fore street.
Tuckett, N., t.illow chandler, 1C3, Fore street.
Tricks, W., fuller, 35, South street.
Underhay, W., tanner, Heavitree.
Visick, R. G., oliemist, 217, High street.
White, J., ship owner, Magdalen street.
Worthy, J. esq., merchant, Bartholomew terrace.
Willcocks, J. C. and Co., nien-hants, 178, Fore st.
White, J., upholder, &c., Magdalen street.
Willcocks, P., Vali int Soldier inn, HoUaway.
Wills, W., tallow chandler. Frog street.
FALMOUTH.
Sanders, — esq., landing waiter.
GLOUCESTER.
Alexander, James, esq.. Customs.
Brimmel, Wm., ship chandler.
Butt, R., merchant.
Bird and March, ship chandlers, &c.
Brown, Gopsell, sliip agent.
Donelan, James, esq., Customs.
Davis, T. A., wharfinger.
Davies, Thomas, ship broker.
Fox, Sons, and Co., merchants.
Forster, John, mercliaut.
Gibbs, Bright, and Co., ship agents.
Heane, J. R., wharfinger.
Hair, J.N., grocer.
•lohnsons and Tasker, wine merchants.
Jenkins .and VVoodhouse, wine merchants.
Kimberly, J. P. esq., merchant.
Kendall, Wm. and Son, merchants.
Lloyd, Wm. King, esq., landing waiter. Customs.
Martin, Washbourn, & Lloyd, wine merchants,
Mayer, Francis, soap boiler.
Price and Washbourn, merchants.
Partridge, Wm. es(i., merchant.
Steger, G. G. esq.. Customs.
Shipton, J. M. esq., merchant.
Sturge, Thomas M. esq., agent.
Southan and Son, merchants.
Tripp (Brothers), merchants.
Vining, Gerard, and Vining.
Win tie, John, and Co., wine raerchantg.
HARWICH.
Robert Welch, esq., collector of Customs.
Frederick Freshfield, esq.. Customs.
Billingsley and Co., merchants.
George, Thomas, esq., merchant.
Mayer, Samuel, jun.. Customs,
Ranfield, Wm., merchant.
HONITON.
Basleigh and Avery, merchants.
Francis, Wm., engineer gas works.
Hussey, J. B., auctioneer.
Lee, Wm., builder.
Pine, Wm., maltster.
Pidgeon, John, wine & spirit merchant.
Stroud, Edward, King's Arms Inn, High street.
Wheaton, W'm., ironmonger.
HULL.
Charles Lutwidge, esq.. Collector of Custom s.
Thomas Rodmill, esq.. Comptroller of Customs.
Wm. Ilarbord, esq., Comptroller of Accounts.
Bean, W. F., Customs.
Cramp, R. and Co., merchants.
Cockey, Petei', esq., landing surveyor. Customs.
Coningworth, Robert, Customs.
Clay and Squire, merchants.
Eyre, M. esq., merchant.
Foster, J. esq., merchant.
Good, W. C. esq., merchant.
Gay, Thomas, esq., landing waiter. Customs.
Kidd, John, Customs.
Price, T. S. esq., merchant.
Priest, W. esq., merchant.
Roe, II. W., Customs.
Roberts, John, Customs.
Sanderson, J. and J., merchants.
Snowden, T. J., Customs.
Somerscales, Charles, Customs.
Scaife, Thomas, Customs.
Terry, R., and Sons, merchants.
Thompson, T. esq., merchant.
Walker, Joshua, Customs.
ILFRACOMBE.
Dennis, Charles, merchant.
Harris, G., and Co., ship builders.
Huxt,able, W., Agent for Droits of Admiralty.
Jones, John, surgeon, &c.
Moon, Robert II., surgeon and chemist.
Sye, W. B.
KINGSBRIDGE.
Balkwill, John, maltster.
Ixiv
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
Bi(;nell, G. E., maltster.
Blamy, George, grocer and miller.
Crimp, Richard, maltster.
Cranch, R. D., coal merchant.
Crump, William, tea dealer.
Dennis, James, cmrier, grocer, &c.
Foale, Robert, Kings Arms hotel.
Fox, George, esq, banker.
Fryer, Charles, grocer.
Grant, Henry, ship owner, &c.
Hooper, John, grocer, &c.
Hiugston, Josepli, timber and coal merchant.
Jordain, Joseph, ship builder, &c.
I.akeman, John, grocer.
Prideaux, R. I., esq.
PolyblanU, R., auctioneer and spirit merchant.
Randall, Peter, giocer and maltster.
Sprague, John, ironmonger.
Toms, Reuben, malster and cooper.
Weymouth, William, shipowner and maltster.
Weekes, Toope Samuel, builder.
LIVKRPOOL.
Arnaud Elias, esq., '.'oUeetor, ('ustoms.
John Grimes, esq., Comptmller, Customs.
Ade, R.esq., Customs.
Aslitoii, K.
Brandies, S. A., merchant, 24, King street.
Bridge, J.O., Customs.
Bezer, J.T. esq., Customs.
Blease, P., Cust ans.
Baiford, J.
Brown, Edward.
Barber, W.
Bunting, Thomas, Customs.
Benson, O.
Brown, W. and James (3 Copies).
Bebby, John, and Co.
Benbow, 11. and J., and Co.
Bennett, G.
Barrow, W.
Byrne, Andrew E.
Barkwell (Brothers), tea dealers.
Barrow, J. and J., brokers, Exehange.
Beazley, Mr., Bold street.
Carter, W. M., at Ewart, Myers, and Co.,
brokers, 3, Exchange buildiugn.
Clifford, J.
Colquhoun, D.
Closson, Philip.
Cammeron, Culin.
Crosby, Henry.
Christian, William, Customs.
Cliisholm, C.
Cram and Smith.
Crump, John, and Co,
Cam and Telo.
Cleaver, E.
Can, H. W.
Carrington, Richard.
Carter, J.
Chappie, William.
Chauncey, H. C.J., Customs.
Donovan, A. F., at Wainwright and f^o.,
merchants, James street.
Duncan, J., esq., meichant, India buildings.
Derinzey, Robert, Custums.
Dickenson, Thomas, Customs.
Denton, William.
Davies, Robert.
Dawson, Joseph.
Dickson, R. W.
Daniel, John.
Edwards, Dawson, and Co., brokers, E.\change
street, east.
Evans, J.
Evans, J. S.
Elberly, W.
Eastwood, Charles.
Fluker, W., Customs.
Fletcher, J.
Fairclougli, R.
Fisher, R.
Frager, U.
Fryer, W.
Froster, Thomas.
Guibalt, James, Customs.
Green, William.
Gunning, Daniel.
GiUer and Co. ,
Gardner, R. J.
Gugter, W.
Gilbert, E.
Hodgson, John, at Andrew Tayler's and Co ,
Goree piazza.
Horley and Eyre, druggists. Seel street.
Hegan, HalK and Co., merchants, Mersey
chambers (4 Copies.)
Harper, C. W., esq., Customs.
Hussey, William.
Hodson, II.
Hinchliffe, W., Customs.
Hultou, Robert, and Co.
Hamilton, C , and Co.
Heath, Charles.
Hall, Robert.
Hilton, Thomas.
Heblelhwaite, John.
Hey wooil and ('o., merchants, 3, Romfurd place.
Irlam and Thompsini, brokers, Romfort street.
Johnson, S., and Sons, druggists, 4, Church st.
James, Battersley, and Co., merchants, 34,
Strand street.
Jackson, J., Customs,
Jagger, Thomas.
Jackson, Richard.
Jackson, J.
Kelsail, J., Customs.
Kelley, A.
King, William.
Kurlchenbart and Co.
Lecle, W. G., broker, 34, Driivy lane.
Levy, S. and A., merchants. North John st.
Lee, Edwin.
Lambert, H.
Leithhoad, F. O.
Lonsdale, J., Customs.
Logan, James.
Lister, R . L.
Lister, T. H.
Moore, John, esq., merchant, 19, Slater street.
Molineaux and Hulbert, brokers. Temple ct.
Mossop, J., Customs.
M'Uure, F.
Morgan, F. D., Customs.
Marsh, T., Customs.
M'Quiston, J.
Muirhead, J.
Mealey, J.
Morrall and Woodward.
Moore and Christian.
M'Leod, R., and Co.
Nyren, John.
Nevit, W.
Neal, John.
Peek (Brothers) and Co., tea merth.ants, North
John street.
Parry, David, wholesale grocer, 3, Temple ct.
Pagilen, Elgar, Customs.
Poole, James, and Co.
Powell, F. H.
Pilchard (Brothers), merchants, Tablev street.
Quaile, J. ^
Rowlinson and Co., brokers. Chapel sireet. Ex-
change.
PATRONS AND SU15SCRIHKRS.
Ixv
Ruess, Mr.i merchnnt. Lord sliVL't.
Robinson, J. E., Messrs. Robinson ami Ilad-
wcn, brokers, 17, Tatliebaru street.
Ross, Alex., esq., inspector yeueral of Customs.
Robinson, H.
Rudd, H.
Kyland, Geo., Customs.
Rulhbone ( IJrothers).
Robinson, James, W.
Robertson, A.
Sinclair, arcbibald, nierclianl, 10, Slater street.
Syers, Geo., Customs.
Sherlock, Thomas, Customs.
Stone, Henjamiu.
Smith, William.
Shellev. .lohn.
Smith,' William.
Searcher's ofilce, Custom?.
Smithon, John.
Smith, U., bookseller (6 Copies).
Sherlock, Randal.
Tate, Wm., schoolmaster, Renshaw street.
Taylor, I'otter and Co., merchants. Old Hall st.
Thompson, William.
Thumble, Ilarloe, Customs.
Thorn, J. G.
Taylor, John, Customs.
Tripp, J. S.
Wintersgill, Thos., Customs.
Willott, J. S., esii .Customs.
Wells, John.
Wilson, !•'. W.
Witt, (r.-org,'.
Wing. Vincent.
Wariir..id, C. E.
Walter, K.
Woodhouse ( Brothers).
Wallliew,J. W.
Wilcocks, II.
Witney, Thomas.
Way, Edward.
Wood, James M.
Watham, William.
Wo'.idrofl'e, Thos.
Whitane, Rathboue, and Co.
MANCHESTER.
Robertson, Wm., dry waiter, Tib street.
Watkins, W. B. and Co., dry Salter, 44, Spring
gurilens.
[No return from this town, but the number of
Subscribers there are estimated at 400.]
MODBURY.
Stedwoithv, Kdw., E.Kcter inn.
NEWCASTLE UPON-TYNE.
Burnett, Geor^fo, esq., merchant. Love laue.
C'olhoun, Robert, tobacconist, Side.
Dickinson, John, esq., lead agent and general
broker. Royal Arcade.
Dunn, .lohn b., chemist, Head of W'estgate st.
Davidson, e.«q., agent, Elswick row.
Green, John and Beiij., archiiccts and survey-
ors, Royal .\rcade.
Kent, Robert, hatter, CoUingwood street.
Lee, John, esq.. Alkali manufacturer. Felling.
Patlinson, Hugh Lie, chemist and rianufac-
turer, Close.
Sopwith, Thos. esq., civil engineer and laud
surveyor, Royal Arcade.
Walkers, Parkers, Walker and Co., lead manu-
facturers, Elsvvick.
Bradford, Win.esq., merchant.
Banlell, C. T., tea ilcalcr, &c.
Balsom, John, builder.
Clarke, Gustavus, ship owner.
Cull, John, esq., merchant.
Crews, Wm. esq., merchant.
Davis, J. B., ironmonger.
Ford, Elias, tea dealer.
Goodenougli, Nichs., currier.
Gasking and Symons, maltsters.
Ilernaman, Fras., merchant.
Hill, James, hat manufacturer.
Ilearder, Wm., printer, &c.
llatchwell, Henry, cabinet maker.
J.,ethbridge, John, tallow chandler.
Milward and Son, iron merchants.
Pack and Co., brewers.
Parker, W , painter.
Pattison, Robert, Golden Lion inn.
Rattenberry, J, W., academy.
Society for the Attainment of Useful Knowledge.
Stooke, Wm., limber merchant.
Vallance, Wm., esq., merchant.
Walk.Nichs., auctioneer.
Winser, John, builder.
Wells, Charles, grocer.
Westbrook, Charles, commercial hotel.
NEWTON BUSHEL, DEVON.
Brandcombe, Samuel, tanner and glover.
Davis, Geo., wheelwright.
Evans, Hugh, wine merchant.
Vicaray, John, tanner, &c,
NORTH SHIELDS.
Bell, John, Mr., tide surveyor, Dockray square.
Forbes, Duncan, Mr., Cliflfort's fort.
Leslie, jun. Mr., baker, Low street.
Milbuin, Ml-., agent for the North of England
Joint Stock Bank.
Philipson, Mr., draper, Howard street.
Speuce, Robt. and Co., drapers, Howard street.
NORWICH.
Wilde, Edward, esq.
NEWTON ABBOTT.
Arcy, W. T. D., solicitor.
NOTTINGHAM.
Rich. Morley, esq., mayor.
Bradley John, boVibin thi-ead manufacturer.
Barton, Jonathan, laco manufacturer.
Carey, George, hatter.
Carey, Francis, lace manufacturer.
Deverill, Wm., wine merchant.
Hay thorn, J.AV., commerci.il agent. (20 Copies.)
Hay thorn, J. W'., cotton thread manufacturer,
Alrcwas mills, near Lichfield.
Herbert, Wm., tatting lace manufacturer.
Roberts, Thomas, lace manufacturer."
Roberts, Thos. jun and Co., lace manufacturers.
.Spencer, James, corn factor.
Saalfeld and Co., lace merchants.
Sands, Robert, lace manufacturer.
Wakefield, Thomas, cotton spinner.
Weld, John, silk merchant.
Waynman, Wm., lace manufacturer.
Ixvi
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
Wakefield and Smith, lace mauiifacturuis.
PLYiAIOUTH.
Wright, J. T. esq., collector. Customs.
Lockyer, W. esq., comptroller. Customs.
Gidley, Gustavus, collector Kxcise, Notte st.
Amhoine, Harvie, navy hotel, 34, Southside st.
Arnold, Josh., ironmonger &c., 1, Treville st.
Ackland, W.,wholosale stationer, 32, Treville st.
Allen, Edw. and Sun, maltsters, Stillman street.
Bryant and James, merchants, Woolster street
and Guy's quay-
Beer and Isaac, plumbers, 20, Bilbnry street.
Blatchford, Peter, miller. Kind's mill.
Bryant Jas., starch mauufacturer. Mill street.
Bazley, Josh., ship broker, Parade.
Bennett, J. 11., coal merchant, Sutton wharf.
Bayley, John, esq., merchant, 1, Brunswick ter.
Bellman and Sons, ship agents, Woolster street.
Blackler and Co., silk meicers, 9, Treville st.
Barberie, J. N. esq., landing surveyor, Customs.
Cuming, Clias. esq., merchant, 7, Gasking st.
Carter, Thos., ironmonger, Buckwell street.
Crocker, Tlios., Customs broker, 10, Parade.
Collier and Dunsford, merchants.
Davis and Dickinson, general merchants, Dead-
man's bay.
Davies, C, sail maker, Sonthside St., quay.
Drescall, John, ship agent, 12, South side.
Eardley, J. P., china glass dealer, Bedford st.
Frean, George, corn merchant, Drake's place.
Fellis, Richard, wine merchant, Vauxhall st.
Foot, J. G., Customs.
Gill, Thos. esq., merchant. Mill bay.
Gillard, George, grocer, V2, Drake street.
Hawker and Co., merchants, Briton side.
Hearle, Jno., plumber, Bilbury street.
Jenkyns, Francis, Customs.
King, James, esq., merchant, Notte street.
Kelly, John, solicitor, Woolster street.
Ladd, Thos., coal merchant, Britou side.
Luscombe, John, maltster, Hoegate street.
Luscomlie, A. H., broker, 10, Parade.
Luscombe, J. esq., merchant, Briton side.
Luscombe, Richard, Customs.
Lindon, J. esq., merchant.
May, Josh., Bank, Wimpole street.
Aloir, James, ironfounder. Sec, Mill bay.
Moore, Vvm., grocer, Vauxhall street.
Nettleton, John, ship agent. Smart's quay.
Power, Chas., ship and general agent, 4, Parade.
Pope, Jonathan C, shi]j owner. Teat's hill.
Paddon, H. J., agent, 47, Park street.
Pope, Henry, ship owner, 7. Brunswick terrace.
Rendle Si Harris, wine merchants, 41, Bedford st.
Scott and Co., merchants, Hoegate street.
Sauniiers, John, secretary to tlie South Devon
Shipping (Company, Custom House quay.
Soper, Josh, esq., merchant, Woolster street.
Saunders, Jno., general merchant, 30, Notte st.
Scardon, J. S., brewer, Bilbury street.
Stamford. N. .Sc S., glass manufacturers, Mill bay.
Stevens, John, chart seller, sliip inn. Parade.
Stevens, Thos., coal merchant and ship broker,
12, Southside.
Smitham, Wm., accountant, Cambridge street.
Treby, Samuel, esq., merchant, Briton side.
Veale, Wm., builder, &c.. Green street.
Vivian, Tlios., grocer. Parade.
Wingyett, J. B., ship owner. Lone street.
SALCOMBE.
Adams, N., esq., agriculturist, Higher row.
Hall, John, ship-builder.
Ball, John, captain, smaik Hero.
Bunker, William, ship builder.
Dornham, George, captain, smack Union.
Evans, John, ship builder.
Hurrell, Robert, ship owner.
Jarvis, William, draper, &c.
Lindon, Richard, esq., merchant, Suapes.
Prowse, James, schoolmaster.
Sladen, captain, smack Salcombe.
Strong, Henry, esq., merchant.
SOUTHAMPTON.
Right Honorable Lord Ashtown, Chessel.
R. Bell, esq., collector of customs.
B. Harrison, esq., comptroller of customs.
Rev. R. Baker, rector. Parsonage Botley.
Bennett, Joel, engraver, 14, Above bar.
Beddlesoun, W., draper, 152, High street. "^
Brooks, Charles, estate agent, 52, Above bar.
Brou n, W., glover, 9, East street.
Bromley, C. esq., dentist, Portland terrace.
Cray, Charles, grocer, &c., 40, High street.
Chaunell, James, grocer, 24, High street.
Edwards, Joseph, boot maker, 127, High street.
Fox, Thomas, provision merchant, 132, High st.
Fitt, Thomas, grocer, 152, High street.
Fesk, Charles, confectioner, 144, High street.
Glassyer, J. H., chemist, &c., 7, Higli street.
Gater, Robert, esq., Uplands, near Botly.
Guy, innkeeper. Dolphin.
Houghton, Thomas, yeoman, Titchlield, Parson-
age, Botley.
King, Will and Co., lead, glass, &c., merchants,
Higli street.
Lankester, W. Sc J., iron founders, 136, High st.
Lames, W., fruiterer, &c., 9, Hi?h street.
Lobb, Joseph, silk mercer, 32, High street.
Metford, Joseph, ironmonger. High street.
Owen, J., engaver, 79, Marland place.
Prianlx, M. M., esq., merchant, 6, Gloucester sq
Quick, J., brewer. Bridge street.
Quick, G., innkeeper, Southampton, Coach and
Horses.
R.andall, W. and Sons, chemists. High street.
Richardson, Joseph, chemist, 17. Above bar.
Sharland, W., bookseller, 33, High street.
Stebbiiig, J. R., optician, &e., 47, High street.
Simpson, Stephen, watchmaker, 29, Above bar.
Smart. W., stationer, 154, High street.
Stephens, confectioner, 49, Above bar.
Smith, J. and Co., carriers. Sec, Orchard place.
Svvyer, Thomas, innkeeper, Crowninn.
Shepherd, innkeeper. Star inn.
Wakeford, W., wine merchant, 91, High street
Wlieeler, John, printer. Above bar.
Wolff, J. J., brass founder, 75, High street.
SOUTHMOLTON.
Cooke, S. H., grocer, &-c
Cliant, Robert, tMocer, &c.
Cock, John, builder.
Deagon. J. E., chemist, ."^ic.
Davies, John L., esq., banker.
Ilitclicock, Maundies and Co., manufacturers.
Smyth, W. G., tanner.
Tunuei, John, chemist, &c.
PATRONS AND STTnf?CRTnKUS.
Ixvii
STARCROSS.
Ash, Hpiny IJ.,sliip bruker, Sic.
Gk'nderming, Thomas, ship owner.
STONE HOUSE.
Bickford, Joseph, esq-.tnorchant, Newport hou.
Chnpple, Charles, architect, &c., Union street.
Ellis Crawl, William, rope maker, Eldred place.
Hocking, R., jnn., ship builder, Stonchouie.
Hare and Son, brewers, Uiunford street.
Narracott, N., spirit merchant, Caroline place.
Peake and Son, ship owner, Diirnlbrd street.
Pike, Georse, stove-grate manulactnrer, 4,
Market street.
Tayler, N., ship owner, lOS, Union street.
TAVISTOCK.
Oill, Rvmdie and Co., bankers.
Gribble and Liiscombe, grocers.
Lamb, Henry, chemist and druggist.
Long, Richard, miller.
Physick, .Tohn, auctioneer.
Skinner, John, grocer.
Wyers, Thomas, grocer.
TEIGNMOUTH.
On en, Arlhm, jun.,ship agent.
TIVERTON.
.T. Heathcoat, esq., M.P.
Hryaut, R., inspector of weights and measures.
Hodge, William, linen draper.
Hurley, Tliomas, land surveyor.
Hill, William, nursery and seedsman.
Jorden, Thomas, sadler.
Paine, William, spirit dealer.
Teague, Richard, victualler.
TOPSHAM.
Davy, Francis, merchant.
Gale, George, maltster, &c.
Harrison, John Swale, Globe hotel.
Holman, John, sail maker and ship agent.
Ireland, Jabez, Half Moon inn.
Lake, William, Salutation inn.
Pain, James, Commercial inn.
Popham, Thom.as, shipowner, &c.
Percaiu, GiUiert, general merchant.
Salisbury, James, ship owner.
TOTNESS.
Adiims, Henry, esq., merchant.
Bishop, Michael, Seymourhotel.
Cridland, Henry, junior, woolstapler.
Coombe, Joseph, maltster.
Crocker, Heury,eoach builder,
Destin, Thomas, ironmonger.
Fagwell, John, esq., merchant.
Gilbert, William, ironfounder.
Gill, Robert, druggist.
HoUicrton, William, jun., chemist.
Parrot, Thomas, esq., merchant.
Reeve, John, grocer.
Sawyer, Juraes, wine merchant, &c.
Sanders, Samuel, coach builder.
Tucker, Richard, grocer.
Tucker, John Thomas, surveyor.
TRURO.
Traer, Peter, esq., landing waher, customs.
WARMINSTER.
Cockcrell, A. and W.
Pocock, SamueL
Strode, George.
Wilkins, Edward.
Wilkins, George. "
WEST EXE.
Aplin, H., fellmonger, Bampton street.
Beedell, T., baker.
Besley, T. S., grocer, &c., Fore street.
Clarke, S., rope manufacturer.
Culhbert, T., Inspector of Lace manufactory,
Leat street.
Capern, Thomas, maltster.
Carew, esq., ColUpriest House.
Cannon, B. L, Angel hotel. Fore street. '
Drew, W., surveyor of taxes.
Foster, T., jeweller. Fore street.
Gath, S., manufacturer.
Hawkes, R., Three Tuns hotel. Fore street.
Hall, J., esq.
Jackson, W., engineer.
Jones, W. D., mechanic.
Puddecombe, J., White Horse inn. Gold street.
Richards, J., maltster, &c., Bampton street.
Turner, E., innkeeper, Barrington street.
Voysey, G., corn factor. Gold street.
WEYMOUTH.
Raggett, Robert, esq., landing waiter. Customs.
WHITEHAVEN.
W'illiam Sawyer, esq., comptroller. Customs.
Bell, Edward, Customs.
Brown, George, accountant.
Darnley, William, Customs.
Grisdale, William, Custom house agent.
Hayton, Isaac, Customs.
Hobson, John, landing waiter. Customs.
Jefferson, R. and H., merchants.
Pennell, Frederick, landing waiter. Customs.
Randleson and Forster, merchants.
Simpson, Robinson, Customs.
WILTON.
Thring, William, esq.
YARMOUTH.
Br.icey, J. T. esq., merchant, Jetty ro.ad.
Barber, R. esq., merchant, liri<ige quay.
Butcher, M. and Sou, merchants. King street.
Barth, S. J., solicitor.
Cory, S. P.., farmer, Runham.
e2
Ixvili
PATROXS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
Costerton, J. F. esq., merchant, Quay.
Fellows, Barth, and Palmer, merchants.
Garwood, T. U. esq., mcrclmnt, South qnaj'.
Hammond and Cherry, Steam Packet agents,
ISridge quay.
Hammond, R. esq., merchant. North End.
Lacon, E. Sir, Bart., and Sons, brewers.
Mabson, W., chemist.
Preston, I. and Son, merchants. Quay.
Preston, E. H. L. esq., merchant, Quay.
Paget, S. esq., merchant. Quay.
Paijct, F. esq., National Pjivincial Bank of
England.
Plummer, J. G., schoolmaster. King street.
Palmer, N. esq., solicitor, Quay.
Pelt. T. jun. esq., solicitor, Howard street.
Preston, E. esq., solicitor. North quav.
Palmer, G. D. esq., merchant. Quay.'
Palmer, A. R.. ship builder. South quay.
Palmer, W. H. esq., merchant. Quay.
Palmer, S. esq., solicitor.
Shelly, J. and Co., merchants, Quay.
Tolver, S. esq., solicitor. Quay.
WALES.
MILFORD.
Gwyther, George, Customs.
Lewis, Thomas J., ship agent.
"Williams, W., Customs.
Williams, George, Customs agent.
PEMBROKE.
Perry, Charles, timber merchant, S;c. '
CARMARTHEiSr.
L. Morris, esq., M.P. .
J. Jenkins, esq.
Llewellyn,'Jol>u
Pliilipps, Wm. '~
MERTHYR TYDVIL.
James, D. W.
HAVERFORDWEST.
Tombs, Joseph, esq , merchant.
SCOTLAND.
GLASGOW.
William Mills, esq.. Lord Provost of Glas£,'ow
D. V. M'Murdo, esq.. Collector of Customs.
Balduren. A., esq., merchant.
B.ur, Walter, esq., merchant.
Brown, John, esq., merchant.
Campbell, John, sen., and Co., merchants.
Connall, William, broker.
Carrick, Andrew, esq., merchant.
Donaldson, James, and Co., brokers.
Deans, D. D., agent.
Eales, Robert, and Co., merchants. ;
Ferguson, Baird, and Co., brokers.
Handyside, N. and R., merchants,
Jaffery, Joseph, Customs.
Johnson, Galbraith, and Co., mercliants.
Lamend, Robert, broker.
Mitchell, John, esq., merchant.
-Marten, William, esq., merchant.
Marten and Burns, merchants.
Piukertnn, James, sen., esq., merchant.
Price, Hugh, esq., merchant.
Sanderson, Robert, esq., merchant.
Thompson and M'Connell, ship agents.
Ure, Robert, esq., merchant.
PORT GLASGOW.
Archibalil Henry, Collector, Customs.
William Munlery, Comptroller, Customs.
liurrell, A. M., ami Co., merchants.
King, Jlatthow, jun., and Co., merchants.
lAt'Lachlan, Alexander, and Co., merchants.
IRELAND.
BELFAST.
Cliarlos Trover, esq.. Collector, Customs.
Agnew, John, esq.
Bui'ke, W., esq , Warehouse-keeper, Customs.
B.iyly, William J., Locker, Customs.
Bell, James G., esq., merchant.
Cl^e^ter, Thomas G., Customs.
(;orbett, Thomas, and Co., mercliants.
Cocman, James and William, merchants.
Uunvill, John, esq., merchant.
Fnrster, Robert, esq.. Landing Surveyor, Cust.
Filzpatrick, John, Customs.
Greene, James, Customs.
Gamble, Robert, esq., merchant.
Grainger, David, esq., merchant.
Hurd, Jo.seph, esq., ship broker.
Heyn, Gustavus, esq, merchant.
Keigan, James, esq., merchant.
Kane, John, esq., merchant.
Lowth, Henry, Weigher, Customs.
Lemen, James, esq., merchant.
Motfett, Joshua, Customs.
M'Faden, Phillip, Customs.
M'Clure, William, and Son, merchants.
M'Gee and Abbott, merchants.
M'Entire, R. and J., merchants.
Nicholl, Henry, esq., merchant.
Neill, Robert, esq., merchant.
Ross, James, Customs.
Riford, Lewis, esq., merchant.
Shannon, J. B., esq., merchant.
Topping, George, esq., ship broker.
Thompson, Richard, esq., merchant.
Thomson, Samuel, esq., merchant.
GALW^AY.
J. Lushington Reilly, Collector, Customs.
J. Kearney, Esq., Comptroller, Customs.
Fyrm, James, esq., merchant.
Hadley, Me Donogh and Co., ship brokers.
Lynch, Mark, esq., merchant.
Reilly, J., (,'ustoms.
WATERFORD.
James Wallan, esq., Collector, Customs.
PATRONS AND SllHSClil HKKS.
Ixix
John Siiiitliprs, (•>(!., ComiitroUer, Customs.
I^irilcn, Juliii, nieicliaut.
FaiTi'II, Matthew, ship bvoker ami commission
ageiit.
I/a»son, James, chief clerk, Customs.
Lee. James, general commission ajji-nt.
Mone, llenjamin, shij) broker and ciimmission
agent.
Pope, Kichard and Co., ship brokers and agents.
White, George and Albert, merchants.'
GUERNSEY.
Barbet, M.
bronard, Nicholas.
Carey, T. and Son.
Chamber of Commerce.
Davey and Co.
De Putron, F. and Co.
Gui'rin. (Brothers).
Guille, William.
Harris, Peter G. '•
Iseraonger, R. W.
Jones, William.
Jones. John, notary public.
Le Lievre and Matthews.
Manger, J. jun.
MouUin, .John.
Mellish, John.
Priaulx, Langa and Co,
Price, Frederic, jun.
Radford, George, R.
Symes, Belts and Co.
Stevens, William.
Tapper, F. B.
JERSEY.
Majov-General Campbell, Lieut-Governor.
Thomas Le Breton, esq., Attorney-General.
Arthur, Philip.
Authoiue, .lohn.
Bertram, Francis.
Benest, John.
Blanchard, William F.
Bicliard and Le Sueur.
Black, Archibald.
Croix De Ste, P. F. and J.
Dean, Philip.
Fruing, William.
Gosset, Isaac lUlgrove.
Hemery, (Brothers).
Hocquard, Francis.
Le Breton, Francis.
Le Cras, Abraham Jones.
Le Ouesue, Nicholas, jun.
Nicholle, Philip, jun.
Neel, Klias.
Ouetteville, D. (Brothers).
Pike, Samuel.
Pellier, Philip.
I'erree, John, and i^ons.
Prittie, G. P., Customs.
Robin, Charles, and Co.
Banwell, William.
Rider, Joseph, Customs.
Rider, James, Customs.
."Stephens, Sd-phcu, jun.
Turner, 'I'homas.
Vibert, Philip.
Westbruok, William.
II 0 L L A N 1) . •
ROTTKRD.VM.
Blankenhi-ym, D. and C, merchants.
Bersot de, and OIneen. morohants.
lilokliuy/.i'ii, D. Van, for the .\niieitla.
Burger, 1). and Son, ship ageuts.
Boutmy and Cii., ship agents.
Browne, TMos. and .S(Ui, merchants.
Beyer, B. .\. Mispelblom, merchant.
CoUings and Maigny, merchants.
Dobree, 11. and J., merchants.
EUerman, .\., merchant.
Ks, P. A. Van, ship agent.
Fisenne and Philippi, merchants.
Ferrier, Alexander (4 Copies).
Guldemond, E., merchant.
Gibson, George, merchant.
Iloboken, A. Van, and Sons, merchants.
Iludig, John, ship agent.
Jong, Gt. de, for the Lees Museum.
Jung, G. G. and Co., merchants.
Kelirmann, F. A., merchant.
KoKf. Corn. J. Van Santen, merchant.
Kreglinger and Co., merchants.
Kuyiier Van Dam, and Smeer, merchants.
Kuowles and Smyth, merchants.
Lenersan and Co., merchants.
Laming, James, merchant.
Laboucliere and Co., merchants.
Macdonald, Gibb and Co., merchants.
Macpberson, Camjibell and Co., merchants.
Mees and Moens, merchants.
Noltebohra, (Brothers), merchants.
Preston, A. S.
Pluygers and Hauck, merchants.
Ringrose, C. L. and Co., merchants.
Ryckworsel, TL Van, merchants.
Smith, W. merchant and ship agent.
Stewart, Charles, merclianl.
St. Martin, merchant.
Twiss, Robert, merchant. '
Varkwiser and Hodges, merchants.
Vyver, Vander (Brothers), merchants.
Wilkeus, Thorbecke and Co., merchants.
SPAIN.
CADIZ.
Brackenbury, W. jun. esq., vice & acting consul.
PORTUGAL.
OPORTO.
F.dwin J., IL M. Johnson, esq., consid.
Archer and Miller.
Ashworth, Wiltuu and Co.
Atkinson, John.
Alvarenga, Koclior,jun. and Co.
Butler, Nephew ami Co.
Ixx
PATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS,
Clamouse, Emanuol ilp, (Brown).
Cocklmvn, Gieig and Dunlop.
Dow, James.
Forrester, Jos. James.
Hill, S.
Harris, Quavles, sen., J. D. and Co.
Hunt, Roojie, Teasje and Co.
Joao, Ferra. dos Stos. Sii., jun.
Joao, Edward de Britoe Cemlia.
Kemliavdt, C. J.
Knowsley, Geo.
Mallen. Joas.
Morrugh, Walsh, Jones and Co.
Mello, P. F. de.
Noble, C. H.andMurat.
Newtnn, Isaac.
O'Reirne, Thomas.
Ormerod, L.
Offley, Forrester, and Webber.
Page, C. R.
Perry, Joseph.
Perry, Francis.
Quillinan, J. Thomas.
Russell, R. H.
Redjiatli, Geo. A.
Rougliton, W. G.
Reid, George.
.Sealy, A. R.
Sanderaan, George, and Co.
Smitli, Woodhouse and Co.
Smith, J. S.
Taylor, Fladgate and Co.
Wright, J. R.
Wye, John.
WEST INDIES.
ST. KITT'S.
Hon. J. K. Waltley, chief judge, Basseterre.
Robert Claxton, esq., Collector of Customs.
Henry King, esq.. Comptroller, Customs
Abbott, Wm. M. jun., Basseterre. :
Aolam, Horatio, Basseterre.
Abbott and Troclor, Basseterre.
Berkeley, C. A., Customs.
Barr, John and Co., Basseterre.
Barnes, J. K., Basseterre.
Bankheads, A. and Co.
Barridge, J. S. and Co.
Berkeley, John, Basseterre.
Claxton and Woodcock, solicitors.
Claxton, Robert.
Caver, Samuel, Basseterre.
Evans, Edward, Basseterre.
Gowan, William, Basseterre.
Garnett, John H., Basseterre.
Howe, J. A., Basseterre.
Harper, Thos. , Colonial Secretary.
Kinikeny, H. E., Customs.
Lynch, N. J.
Livermore, Thos.,' Basseterre.
Nicolay, Geo. W., Customs.
Ottley, Thos., Basseterre.
Pencheon, Jas. Wm. "
Palmer, Jas. F., Basseterre.
Piguinit, Wigley and Burt, solicitors,
Saunders, Robt, searcher.
Sheffield, Beecher, & Co., Newhaven, Connec-
ticut, U. S. America.
Seaton, Geo.
Tudor, J. Earle, Basseterre.
Taylor, F. M., Basseterre.
Thornton, Robt. Thos. (10 Copies.)
Thurston, Wanton, Basseterre.
Tapshire, Geo. M., Basseterre.
Tapshire, A., Basseterre.
Wattley, Geo., Basseterre.
SUBSCRIBERS' NAMES
Received too lale for insertion in the regular order.
LONDON.
Abrahamson, J. esq., merchant, 55, Basinghall st.
Abraliamson Clias. esq., merchant, 34, Waltiiook.
Allan, David, and Co., merchants, Clemanst.
AlHiud and Co., factors, 11, BasiughiiU street.
Anderson, J. S., esq., merchant, 24, Austin
Friars.
Anderson, Wm. sen. and Co., merchants, 10,
Austin Friars.
Andrews, T. H., wine merchant. Old Jewry.
Barnes, Lieut.-Gen. Sir Edw., 105, Piccadilly.
Barlow, John, esq., merchant, Old Jewry.
Biirsottand Lee, wiuemerchanis, 9, Hart street,
Crutched Friars.
Borrailaile, Son and t'o., merchants, 34, Fen-
church street.
Bhick, Wm. esq., 7, Laurence Pountney lane.
Baumor, C. esq., merchant, 33, Gt. St. Helen's.
Benassit, E. esq., wine merchant, 3, Crostiy liall
chambers.
Bevan Wm, esq., solicitor, 2l01d Jewry.
Britannia Life Assurance Company, Prince's
street. Bank.
Baldwin, Chas. P.. esq., 6, Parliament street.
Clifton and Hitchcock, wine merchants, 27, To-
keuhouse vard.
Capleton, Mr., grocer, 2, Crawford street.
Clayton, Edward, Mr., UO, Fenchurclr street.
Claridge, Francis and George, 113, Fenchurch st.
Conway, B. Mr., 30, Pancras place.
Copland, Barnes and Co., merchants, 9, New
Bro.ad street.
Churchill & Sim, timber brokers, 5, Old Broad st.
Curling, Young and Co., merchants, 10, George
yard, Lombard street.
Drake, Geo. Mr., artists' colorman, 6, Tower
Royal.
Devitt and Moore, ship brokers, Langbourn
chambers.
Davis, John Elienezer, esq.. Secretary to tha
Hon. Irish Society, Guildiiall.
Gandell, J. esq., iron merciiant, 1, Suffolk lane.
Humphrey, John, esci-, M.P.
Hollond, Bobt.esq., M.P.
Herring, Charles, esq., ship broker, 6, King s
Arms yard.
Hinton, Edw. esq., merchant, 8, Warnford ct.
PATRONS AND SUbSCRIBERS.
Ixxi
11 lulson, Wulter, esq., ruerchaiit, 16, Criiwfovrl st.
Hull, F. and J., merclianls, 3, VValbrook bUlgs.
Hamsun and Aleploghiu, inercliants, 1, Copt-
hall chambers.
Hendricks, H., nieichant, l.Copthall chambrs.
lleppell, (i. H. Mr., fuieign fVuiteier, I'lince's
street, IJauk.
Hirl, E. esq.. Patent White Lead Cumpany, 29,
Austin Friars.
Ivimy, John, esq., merchant, 4, lirabanl ct.
Jameson, Hunter and Co., merchants, 110, Fen-
church street.
Jacobson, J. esq., merchant, 8, Fonchurch st.
Jones, J. esq., merchant, 78, Old broad street.
Lamb, John, Mr., a^eiit, 2, Fen ct., Fenchurch st.
Labat, J. H. & C'o.,meri-hauts, 103, Fenchurch st.
I^uidaud Hall, wool broUeis, 9, Old Jewry.
Lou;,'hnan & Hughes, brokers, 11, IJasiughall st.
Lonsdale, G. B. escj., Anglo Mexican Mining
Company, New Broad street.
Morby and Co., paper manufacturers, 13, George
street. Mansion House.
Monkhouse, Winter and Bowman, warehouse-
men, 21, Budge row.
Mears, E. W. esq.. Colonial agent, 5, Leaden-
hall street.
Roxon, B. esq., 5, Baldwin court. Cloak lane.
Railton, John, esq., ship agent. Feu ct., Fen-
church sheet.
Ropes, W. esq., merchant, 80, Old Broad st.
Richards, Wm. e^q., 12, New city chambers.
Roberts, C, broker, JetVery's sq.. Si. Mary Axe.
Ramsgate Harbour OfTice, Austin Friars.
Sipiibb, G. J. esq., 6, Orchard st., Poitman S([.
Smithers, H. K. jun.. Commercial Dock Com-
pany, 106, Fenchurch street.
Schneider, J no. esq., merchant, 10, Old Broad st.
Scott, Joseph, esq., merchant, Basinghall st.
Todhunter, Benj. esq., broker. Mincing lane.
Venning, Wm. and Co., merchants. Old Jewry.
Williams & Waring, merchants, 38, Mincing la.
Young, Geo. F. esq., M.P.
Young, Dowson and Co., Ship Register Office,
CoruhUl.
BRISTOL.
Bruce, Robert, jun., Dutch Vice-Cousul.
Cripps, Wm.,Tido Surveyor, Customs.
Edwards, G, music warehouse, 31, Upper arcade.
Griffiths, David, Exchange.
Gutch and Martin, Small street.
Homes, John A., Albion Chambers.
Lunell, George, and Co., Agents to Steam Navi-
gation Company, Quay.
Land, W. H. iind Co., Union court. Corn street.
Rice, Francis, accountant. Queen square.
Rees, J., bookseller, 31, College green.
Savage, W., wine and spirit merchant, Doury
parade.
Taylor, John, Proprietor of Bristol Mirror.
Trapnell, Heury, Queen street, St. Michael's.
Williams, James, Small-street court.
MANCHESTER.
Simms, Wm., paper maker, Farnuorth mills
near Boltoa.
SOUTHAMPTO N
Roes, John, stationer, Sic. (b Copies.)
STRATFORD ON AVON.
Iiucy, Cliarlcs, miller.
SWANSEA.
Bevau, Henrv, Customs.
Bond, John, Castle.
Bath, Henry, and Son, merchants.
Beer, R. W.," solicitor and notary public.
Dawkhi, George, ship agent.
Evans, John, ship agent.
Gilbart C, ship agent.
Lewis, W., Customs.
Lloyd, D., Customs.
Loveluck, W., Customs.
Meager, F., coal merchant.
Poingdestre, J., esq., mercliant.
Sanders, D., ship agent.
WEXFORD.
James Edwards, Collector, Customs.
Brenan, Thomas, esq., merchant.
Harrington, John, esq., merchant.
Gafney, Timothy, esq., mercliant.
Green, John, Editor and Proprietor of Wexford
Independent Paper.
Kaveuagh, Laurence, esq., merchant.
O'Connor, Richard, esq., merchant.
Powell, Wm., agent for Lloyd's.
Roche, John, es<[., merchant.
Rowe, T., Agent for Steam Packet Office.
Whitty, Rev. George.
WINCHESTER,
V. Earl, esq.. Mayor, St. Thomas street.
Benny, ('. W., grocer, Higli street.
Bird, Robert, solicitor-. Parchment street.
Coles, Wm., builder, ICingsgate street.
Gillum, W., wine merchant, Hyde street.
Houghton, Wra., builder, Southgate street.
Maiit, Edward, esq. merchant, Kingsgate st.
Parraiter, John, grocer, High street.
Powell, Edward, chemist, &c.. High street.
Bobbins, James, bookseller. College street.
Seard, Henry, esq., merchant, College wharf.
Stone, James, confectioner. High street.
Thomas, C. R., linen draper, &c., High street.
Wells, Charles, draper, Kingsgate street.
Williams, Rev. W. T., St. Cross.
Young, James, woolstapler, St. Tltomas street.
NEWFOUNDLAND.
Thome, George.
MONTREAL.
W. Hall, Collector, Customs.
R. H. Hamilton, Comptroller, Custoitrs
Armour, Robert.
Court, James.
Ixxii
rATRONS AND SUBSCRIBERS.
Dongall, J., jun., esq., merchant.
Forsytli, Richardson and Co., merchants.
Gillespie, Muffall, Jameson and Co., merchants
Hart, B. and Co., merchants.
Hawkins, Alfred, merchant. , ,
I,e Rofiue, F. A., merchant.
Le Measnrer and Co., merchant.
Mills, J., tide snrveyor. Customs.
Molson, Da% ies and Co., merchants.
Miller, J.
M'Kcnzie and Co.
Scott, James.
Thain, T., landing vvaiter. Customs.
Torrance, John and Co., merchants.
Tobin, Murison and Co., merchants.
■\Vorkman, Wm.
MIRAlMICni.
Hon. Joseph Cunard.
Alexander Rankin, esq.
John A. Street, esq.
John Wright, esq.
Henry Cunard, esq.
George Kerr, esq.
Richard Blackstock, esq.
John M. Johnson, esq.
J. Dean, esq.
R. M. Clarke, esq.
Stafford Benson, esq.
T. C. Allan, esq.
"\Vm. Carm.an, esq.
Thomas II. Peters, esq.
Mr. ,1. A. Pierce.
]Mr. ^Vm. Davidson.
Mr. .^. P. Hendersun.
Mr. Robert Morrau.
Mr. John Rue.
Mr. Henry Wiswell
Mr. J. Bryant.
Mr. W. Hamilton.
Mr. M. S.amuel.
Mr. .^. Me Ewan. '
Mr. Thomas Vondy.
Mr. G. F. Taylor.
Mr. A. Haddow.
Mr. George Parker.
Mr. James Caie.
Mr. J. Samuel.
Mr. (Jeorge Letson.
Mr. Alexander Taylor.
Mr. W. Simpson.
Mr. W. Letson.
Mr. A. "Wellard.
BATHURST.
Henry W. Baldwin, esq,
Thomas M. Deblois, esq,
Wm Napier, esq.
Josej/h Ueid, esq.
tJhipman ]'.i)ts.ford,esq.
'\Vm. Stephens, esq.
Mr. \Vm. Blanchard.
Mr. Andrew Fain.
Mr. George Deblois.
Mr. C. M'Namara.
RESTIGOUCIIK.
Arthur Ritchie, esq.
Peler Stewart, esq.
John Montgomery, esq.
Anitrew Barbine, esq.
# m
OF THK'"
' m//i which rhf
»)REIGK TRADE OP TlIE UNITED KIX(»>0]Mh
D/men ejcpresslf fyr
THE YEARiy JOURNAL OF TRAD^ .
C r
THE
YEARLY JOURNAL OF TRADE.
1837-8.
PART THE FIRST,
NAVIGATION.
ORIGIN AND OBJECTS OF THE SYSTEM.
[The Great Charter of the Naviijjatioii System of this country was the Act of Ihe
twL'lfih of Charles 11. The different modes which that Act provided for the
eiK'oiiragcmeut of shipping may be arranged imdcr thti Jive following heads: —
First, the Fisheries, The ocean is a common field, alike open to all the people
of the earth. Its productions belong to no particular nation. It was, therefore,
our interest to take care that so much of those productions as might be wanted
for tlie consumption of Great Britain, should be exclusively procured by British
industr^^, and imported in British ships. This is so simple and reasonable a ride,
that, in this part of our Navigation System, no alteration whatever has been
made.
The second object which the Navigation Laws had in view was to give, to the
shipping of this country, employment in what is called the Coasting Trade.
When those laws were first passed, that trade was confined to England only ;
but, since we have become legislatively united with Scotland and with Iveh\nd, it
has embraced the whole of the British Islands. The law in this respect remains
unchanged.
The third object of our Navigation System was the European Trade. The
rule laid down with regard to that trade was, that the ships of the other states of
Europe were at liberty to bring from any port in Europe any article of European
production, with the exception of certain articles sii.ce known in trade by the
name of the "enumerated articles." They amount in number to twenty-eight,
and include those commodities which, being of the most bulky nature, employ
the greatest quantity of shipping. With respect to these "enumerated articles,"
the exception was this — that they should not be brought to our ports in any other
than British ships, or ships of the country in which they were produced, pro-
ceeding directly from such ctiuntry to this. This was the general state of the
law, in respect to European commerce, from the time of its enactment, in the
12th of Charles II., down to a recent period. Its provisions, however, ^vere more
rigorous and exclusive towards Holland and the Low Countries. The regulations
of that period were not framed merely for the preservation and encouragement of
oiu' own commerct!, but also to weaken the powerful marine of Holland. (Juided
by this policy, oru' ancestors ajiplied more severe measures towards the Dutch
than they thought necessary towards any other nation. In this spirit it was that
they prohibited the importation, generally, of the productions of the other
2 NAVIGATION. [1837-8.
countries of Euiope from Holland, instead of confining that prohibition to the
twenty-eight enumerated articles.
Thv. fourlh object of our Navigation System was to regidate our Cummerve with
Asia, Africa, and America. The nde of law on this head was, that no article, the
produce of either of those three quarters of the globe, sliould be allowed to be
brought into an English port except in a British ship. In this branch of trade
various modifications have been made.
The Ji/'/i and last part of the system of our Navigation Laws related to our
Colonies. The principle on which we acted towards those colonies was strictly to
confine them, in all matters of trade, to an intercourse with the mother country.
They were not allowed to dispose of any of their produce, otherwise than by
sending it in British vessels to this country. They were equally restricted from
receiving any articles necessary for their consumption, except from this country,
and in British bottoms. Recently this principle has been greatly relaxed.
"£\\Q jn-esent state of the Navigation Law is given below. — Ed.'\
NAVIGATION ACT.
Goods of Europe. — The several sorts of goods hereinafter enumerated
being the produce of Europe; (that is to say) masts, timber, boards, tar,
tallow, hemp, tlax, currants, raisins, figs, prunes, olive oil, corn or grain,
wine, brandy, tobacco, wool, shumac, madders, madder roots, barilla,
brimstone, bark of oak, cork, oranges, lemons, linseed, rape-seed, and
clover-seed, should not be imported into the United Kingdom to be used
therein, except in British ships, or in ships of the country of which the
goods are the produce, or in ships of the country from which the goods
are imported.* 3 & 4 W. 4, c. 54, ^S 2.
Goods of Asia, Africa, or America, from Europe. — Goods the produce
of Asia, Africa, or America, shall not be imported from Evirope into the
United Kingdom, to be used tliereiti, except the goods hereinafter men-
tioned ; viz.
Goods, the produce of the dominions of the Emperor of Morocco, which
may be imported from places in Europe within the Straits of Gib-
raltar :
Goods, the produce of Asia or Africa, which (having been brought into
places in Europe within the Straits of Gibraltar, from or through
places in Asia or Africa within those Straits, and not by way of the
Atlantic Ocean) may be imported from places in Europe within the
Straits of Gibraltar :
Goods, the produce of places within the limits of the East India Com-
pany's Charter, which (having been imported from those places into
Gibraltar or Malta in British ships) may be imported from Gibraltar or
Malta :
Goods taken by way of reprisal by British ships :
Bullion, diamonds, pearls, rubies, emeralds, and other jewels or precious
stones. § 3.
Goods of Asia, Africa, or Ameiica, i?i Foreign Ships. — Goods, the
produce of Asia, Africa, or America, shall not be imported into the
United Kingdom, to be used therein, in foreign ships, unless they be
ships of the country in Asia, Africa, or America, of which the goods are
the produce, and from which they are imported, except the goods herein-
after mentioned ; viz.
Goods, the produce of the dominions of the Grand Siunior, in Asia or
Africa, which may be imported from his dominions in Europe, in ships
of his dominions :
* For the sake of ixnsiiicuily, tliis regulation is digested uuder the names of the several
articles in Imports.— iirf.
183--8.J NAVIGATION. 3
Raw silk and mohair yarn, the produce of Asia, which may he imported
Irom the dominions of the Grand Signior in the Levant Seas, in ships
of his dominions:
Bullion. *J 4.
Manufarttired gonds. — All manufactured <foods shall be deemed to be
the produce of the country of which they are the manufacture. \S 5.
Guetiisey, <^-c. — No sioods shall be imported into the United Kiu<:;dom
from the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, or Man, except in
British ships. ^ 6.
British Possessiom. — No goods shall be exported from the United
Kinplom to any British Possession in Asia, Africa, or America, nor to
the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, or Man, except in
British ships. »J 7.
Coasttrise. — No goods shall be carried coastwise from one part of the
United Kingdom to another, except in British ships. § 8.
Guertisey, Jersey, t^-c. — No goods shall be carried from any of the
Islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, or Man, to any other of
such i.slands, nor from one part of any such island to another part of the
same island, except in British ships. ^ 9.
British Possessions in Asia, t^-c. — No goods shall be carried from any
British Possession in Asia, Africa, or America, to any other of such
possessions, nor from one part of any such possessions to another part of
the same, except in British ships. § 10.
In what Vessel, into British Possessions. — No goods shall be imported
into any British Possession in Asia, Africa, or America, in any foreign
ships, unless they be ships of the country of which the goods are the pro-
duce, and from which the goods are imported. § 11.
What a British Ship, and how Navigated and Man?ied. — No ship
shall be admitted to be a British ship unless duly registered and navi-
gated as such ; and every British registered ship (so long as the registry
of such ship shall be in force, or the certificate of such registry retained
for the use of such ship) shall be navigated during the whole of every
voyage (whether with a cargo or in ballast), in every part of the world, by
a master who is a British subject, and by a crew, whereof three-fourths
at least are British seamen ; and if such ship be employed in a coasting
voyage from one part of the United Kingdom to another, or in a voyage
between the United Kingdom and the Islands of Guernsey, Jersey,
Alderney, Sark, or Man, or from one of the said islands to another of
them, or from one part of either of them to another of the same, or be
employed in fishing on the coasts of the United Kingdom or of any of
the said islands, then the whole of the crew shall be British seamen. ^S 12.
Navigation upon Rivers, c^-c. Newfoundland Fishery, (^-c— All
British-built boats or vessels under fifteen tons burthen, wholly owned
and navi<iated by British subjects, although not registered as British
ships, shall be admitted to be British vessels, in all navigation in the
rivers, and upon the coasts of the United Kingdom, or of the British
Possessions abroad, and not proceeding over sea, except within the limits
of the respective colonial governments within which the managing
owners of such vessels respectively reside ; and all British-built boats or
vessels wholly owned and navigated by British subjects, not exceeding
the burlheii of thirty tons, and not having a whole or a fixed deck, and
being employed solely in fishing on the banks and shores of Newfound-
land, and of the parts adjacent, or on the banks and shores of the
provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia, or New Brunswick, adjacent to the
Gulf of St. Lawrence, or on the north of Cape Canso, or of the islands
within the same, or in the trading coast-wise within the said limits, sliali
be admitted to be British boats or vessels, although not registered, so long
as such boats or vessels shall be solely so einplojed. $ 13.
b2
4 NAVIGATION. [1837-8.
Honduras Ships. — All ships built in the British settlements at Hon-
duras, and owned and navigated as British ships, shall be entitled to the
priviletjes of British rcjiistered ships in all direct trade between the
United Kingdom or the British possessions in America and the said
settlements ; provided the master shall produce a certificate under the
hand of the superintendent of those settlements, that satisfactory proof
has been made before him that such ship (describing the same) was
built in the said settlements, and is wholly owned by British subjects ;
provided also, that the time of the clearance of such ship from the said
settlements for every voyage shall be endorsed upon such certificate by
such superintendent. $14.
Of what Country Sh/ps deemed. — No ship shall be admitted to be a
ship of any particular country, unless she be of the built of such country ;
or have been made prize of war to such country ; or have been forfeited
to such country under any law of the same, made for the prevention of
the slave trade, and condemned as such prize or forfeiture by a com-
petent court of such country ; or be British built (not having been a
prize of war from British subjects to any other foreign country) ; nor
unless she be navigated by a master who is a subject of such foreign
country , and by a crew of whom three-fourths at least are subjects of such
country ; nor unless she be wholly owned by subjects of such country
visually residing therein, or under the dominion thereof: Provided that
the country of every ship shall be deemed to include all places which are
under the same dominion as the place to which such ship belongs. ^ 15.
Who quulijied for BritisJt Master and Seamen. Natives of India.
Projmrtion nf Seamen to Tonnage. — No person shall be qualified to be
a master of a British ship, or to be a British seaman within the meaning
of this act, except the natural born subjects of His Majesty, or persons
naturalized by any Act of Parliament, or made denizens by letters of de-
nization ; or except persons who have become British subjects by virtue
of conquest or cession of some newly-acquired country, and who shall
Lave taken the oath of allegiance to His Majesty, or the oath of fidelity
required by the treaty or capitulation by which such newly-acquired
country came into His Majesty's possession ; or persons who shall have
served on board any of His Majesty's ships of war in time of war for
the space of three years : Provided that the natives of places within the
limits of the East India Company's charter, although under British do-
minion, shall not, upon the ground of being such natives, be deemed to
be British seamen : Provided that every ship (except ships required to be
whollv navigated by British seamen) which shall be navigated by one
British seaman, if a British ship, or one seaman of the country of such
ship, if a foreign ship, for every twenty tons of the burthen of such ship,
shall be deemed to be duly navigated, although the number of other sea-
men shall exceed one-fourth of the whole crew: Provided, that nothing
herein contained shall extend to repeal or alter the provisions of
4 Geo. IV. c. 80, for consolidating and amending the laws then in force
with respect to trade from and to places within the limits of the East
India Company's charter. § IG.
Foreigners. — It shall be lawful for His Majesty, by his royal proclama-
tion during war, to declare that foreigners, having served two years on
board any of His Majesty's ships of war in time of such war, shall be
British seamen within the meaning of this Act. i^S 17.
British Ship 7iot to depart unless duly Navigated. Lascars and Ne-
groes.— No British registered ship shall be suffered to depart any port in
the United Kingdom, or any Biitish possession in any part of the world
(whether with a cargo or in ballast), unless duly navigated : Provided
always, that any British ships, trading between places in America, may
be navigated by British negroes ; and that ships trading eastward of the
1837-8.] SHIPS AND BOATS. 5
Cape of Good Hope within the limits of tlio Eu>t India Company's
cliuitfi- may bo navigated by Lascars, or other natives of countries within
those limits. ^^ 18.
Ej-ccss of Foreign Seamen. — If any British rej,nstcred ship shall at
any time have, as part of the crew in any part of the world, any foreij^n
seaman not allowed by law, the master or owners of such ship shall for
every such foreign seaman forfeit 10/.: Provided, that if a due proportion
of British seamen cannot be procured in any foreiiz;n port, or in any place
Avithin the limits of the East India Company's charter, for the navij^ation
of any British ship ; or if such proportion be destroyed dnrintr the voyage
by any unavoidable circumstance, and the master of such ship produce a
certilicate of such facts under the hand of any British consul, or of two
known British merchants, if there be no consid at the place where sucdi
facts can be ascertained, or from the British governor of any ])lace within
the limits of the East India Company's charter; or, in the want of such
certificate, shall make proof of the truth of such facts to the satisfaction
of the collector and comptroller of customs of any British port, or of any
person authorized in any other part of the world to inquire into the navi-
gation of such ship, the same shall bo deemed to be duly navigated, vj \\).
How pri)j)oriio?i of Seitmen altered. — If His Majesty sliall, at any time
by his royal proclamation, declare that the proportion of British seamen
necessary to the due navigation of British ships shall be less than the
proportion required by this Act, every British ship navigated with the
])roportion of British seamen required by such proclamation shall be
deemed to be duly navigated, so long as such proclan'.aliou shall remani
in force. ^S 20.
Goods projiibifcd. Warehotisivg. — Goods of any sort or the produce
of any place, not otherwise prohibited than by the law of navigation
herein-before contained, may be imported into the United Kingdom from
any place in a British ship, and from anyplace not being a British pos-
session in a foreign ship of any country, and however navigated, to be
warehoused for exportation only, under the provisions of any law in force
for the time being, made for the warehousing of goods without payment
of duty upon the first entry thereof. ^S 21.
Goods contrarij to Law. — If any goods be imported, exported, or carried
coast-wise, contrary to the law of navigation, all such goods shall be for-
feited, and the master of such ship shall forfeit 100/. ^S 22.
SHIPS AXD BOATS.
[The term Ship is properly given to such vessels only as have three masts, and
are square rigf/ed ; that is, having their sails suspended from what are called
yards, hung from the masts, and lying, usually, at right angles to the keel or
length of tlie vessel.
A Boat is a vessel without a deck, or open, and is propelled by oars or by
sails; it is of endless variety of size and form, fmm the small, light, sharp-
headed Wherries of our rivers, to the Loug-hont, Pi/inace, and Ihirge cf a Man of
War, capable of carrying thirty or forty seamen, with arms and stures, for a
short expedition.
Vessels with an entire or partial deck, and having one mast, and a bowsprit,
or mast projecting forward frum the head, are termed Shops and Cutters ; these
carry one large, or main-sail, a top-sail, fure-sail, and jib-sail, all lying nearly in
the line of the keel. These sails are larger in proportion to the body, or hii//, in
the cutter than in the s/oup. The pleasure sailing-boats kept by gentkmen are
usually cirtters, and when carrying all their sails in a gentle gale, no vessel can
exceed them for beauty to the eye.
Brigs are vessels with two masts, square-rigged, and are familiar to Londoners,
fi-om the colliers, which bring us coals from the North, and lie in numbers in the
6 SHIPS AND BOATS. [1837-8.
Pool of London, below the bridge, in almost uninterrupted succession for two
miles. Wlien vessels with two masts are not square-rigged, bui have their
main-sails and fore-sails like that of a cutter, they are caWinl Schooners ; but this
species of vessel is very various in its rigging.
Ships are principally distinguished as those calhd Merchantmen, which
belong to individuals or companies, and are engaged in commerce ; and Men-of-
Wau, or the national ships, built for the purposes of war. The latter receive their
designations from the number of their decks, or of the guns which they carry ;
the largest class are termed Shifis of the Line, from their forming the Line of
Batt/e, when acting together in fleets ; and are divided into First Hates, Second
Rates, Third Rates, &c. First Rates include all those carrying 100 guns and
upwards, with a company of 850 men and upwards ; Second Rates mount 90 to
100 guns, and their complement or crew is from (J50 to 700 men; Third Rates
have from GO to 80 guns, and from 600 to 650 men ; and so on, down to Sixth
Rates : but some ships of less than 44 guns are termed Frigates, a name which
is also given to others carrying a greater number of guns, the distinction
depending on the form and arrangement of the vessel. — Ed.~[
SEA TERMS.
Windward, from whence the wind blows;
Leeward, to which the wind blows;
Sliirljourd, the riyhf of the stern ;
LMrbourd, the left of the stern ;
Starboard /ie/wwhen you go to the left ; but when to the right, instead of larboard
helm, helm-a-port ;
Lvffyou may, go nearer to the wind ;
Theis {thus), you are near enough ;
Luff no near, you are too near the wind ;
Tlie tiHer, the handle of the rudder ;
The capstan, the weigher of the anchor ;
The hvntlmes, the ropes which move the body of the sail, the iiw/ being the body ;
The ^0M)//7!P«. those which spread out the sails and make them swell ;
Ratlines, the rope ladders by which the sailors climb the shrouds ;
The companion, the cabin-head ;
Beefs, the divisions by which the sails are contracted ;
Stunsails, additional sails, spread ibr the purpose of catching all the wind
possible ;
The fore-mast, main-mast, 7nizen-mast ;
Fore, the head ;
^ft, the stern ;
Being pooped, having the stern beat in by the sea;
To belay a rope, to fasten it ;
The sheets, a term for various ropes ;
The halyards, ropes which extend the top-sails ;
The pamter, the rope which fastens the boat to the vessel.
Jou7-nnl of a West India Proprietor. By M. G. Lewis.
Vessels detained in Chops of the Channei , and in Want of Assistance.
Admiralty Office, February, 1830.
Tlie Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty having had under their con-
sideration the mode by which assistance may lie most easily and efficaciously
afforded to the homeward-bound trade, which may be detained by adverse
winds in the Chops of the Channel ; their J^ordships have directed that, with a "
view to this desirable object, it be suggested to the trade in general to adopt the
following plan on the occasions alluded to; viz. —
"Tliat the masters of merchant vessels, detained in the Chops of Uie Channel,
and in want of assistance, should be directed by their owners, as a standing rule,
to keep as near as possible in what is usually marked on the charts as the fair
way track up Channel, namely, the latitude 4',)° 27' N., until within about thirty
miles of Scillv, stretching not more than twelve miles on each side of that
1837-8.] SHIPS AND BOATS. 7
parallel ; anil that His Majesty's ships, which may at any time be sent out to
relieve the trade, should stretcli alon^ that space, and thus ineiease the cliances
of ialUu}^ in with the distressed vessels. — That on i'allin}^ in with a inan-ol-war, a
vessel, reipiirin>j assistance, should hoist the usual sij^nal of distress at her main-
top->^allant-mast-head, and make every effort to close with His Majesty's ship ;
and that, in order to save mucli valuiljle time in had weather, tlie name of the
article of which the vessel is most in w.mt. sliould he written in la;t;e characters
with chalk, on a loi^-hoard, or on the quarter-bi>ar(is, as the first boat sent from
the man-of-war coidd then carry part of the su]iply."'
Their Lordships will issue currespoiulin^ standinfr orders to their officers ; hut
while they desire that the mnsters of mercliant vessels should conform to these
suggestions, they are anxious to press upon them the necessity of being provided
with adetju.ite resources, to meet the contingency of foul \\iiids, without rehing
too mucli on f.illiug in with His Majesty's ships, even in the track pointed out,
as so many circumstances may occasionally occur to disappoint such expec-
tations. J. W. Ckokeu.
No Vessel to erijoi/ Privileges until Registered. — No ship shall be en-
titled to any of tlie privileges or advantages of a British registered ship,
unless tlie persons claiming property therein shall have caused the same
to have been registered in virtue of the fi Geo. IV. c. 1 10, or 4 Geo. IV.
c. 44 (former Registry Acts), or imtil such persons shall have caused the
same to be registered, and sliall have obtained a certificate of such regis-
try from the persons authorized to make such registry and grant such
certificate. 3 and 4 Will.IV. c. 5;5. ^^2.
Malta, Gibraltar, and Heligoland. — No ship to be registered at Heli-
goland, except such as is wholly of the built of that place, and ships,
after having been registered at Malta, Gibraltar, or Heligoland, shall not
be registered elsewhere : and ships registered at Malta, Gibraltar, or Heli-
goland, shall not be entitled to the privileges and advantages of British
ships in any trade between the said United Kingdom and any of the Bri-
tish possessions in America. § 3.
Ships exercising Privileges before Pegistry. — In case any vessel, not
being duly registered, and not having obtained such certificate of registry
as aforesaid, shall e.xercise any of the privileges of a British ship, the
same shall be subject to forfeiture : Provided always, that nothing in this
Act shall extend to affect the privileges of any ship which shall, prior to
the commencement of this Act (Sept. 1, 1833) have been registered by
virtue of 6 Geo. IV. c. 110 (former Registry Act). ^ 4.
IVhat Ships entitled to be Registered. — No ship shall be registered, or
having been registered shall be deemed to be duly registered, bv virtue of
this Act, except such as are wholly of the built of the United Kingdom,
or of the Isle of Man, or of the Islands of Guernsey or Jersey, or of some
of the colonies, plantations, islands, or territories in Asia, Africa, or Ame-
rica, or of Malta, Gibraltar, or Heligoland, which belong to His Majesty,
at the time of the building of such ships, or such ships as shall have been
condemned in any Court of Admiralty as prize of war, or such ships as
.shall have been condemned in any competent court as forfeited for the
breach of the laws made tor the prevention of the slave trade, and which
shall wholly belong and continue wholly to belong to His Majesty's sub-
jects duly entitled to be owners of ships registered by virtue of this Act*.
\S 5.
* Transfers of Shares. — l?y C. O., Sept. 1. 1835, notice is f;ivcn, that in all fiitinc transfers of
shares in sliips, each iiarly liansfeirinf; a share or sliares will be rfquircd eiUier to do so bv a
separate conveyance : or where all the owners of shares join in the conveyance of the whole ship,
they will be required, in the recital of the conveyance, to state what sliare or shares each of
them holds; and in the granting part, each party will l)^^ required to convey his own share or
shares.
By T. L., Nov. 25, 183G, foreign vessels are pl.iced upon the same footing as British vessels
or the exportation of goods to foreignp arts without hein;,' remeasiired under 5 & 6 W. IV. c.
56 [p. U], and that in all cases in which it can he proved by the production of certificates,
tliat foreign vessels have heretofore had tlie privile;;e of carrying bonded goods, ihey may be
permitted to retain that privilege under the same regulations as ai i)resent. Transfers
8 SHIPS AND BOATS. [1837-8.
Name of Vessel, Port, and Master, and nf Boat. — The owner of every
vessel belonging in the whole or in part to iiny of His Majesty's subjects
shall paint or cause to be painted upon the outside of the stein of every
boat belonging to such vessel the name of such vessel, and the place to
■which she belongs, and the master's name withinside the transuni, in
white or yellow Roman letters, not less than two inches in length, on a
black ground, on pain of the forfeiture of such boat not so marked,
wherever the same shall be found. § 1 1.
Names. Boats not bftonging to Ships. — The owner of every boat,
not belonging to any vessel, sliall paint or cause to be painted upon the
stern of such boat, in white or yellow Roman letters of two inches in
length, on a black ground, the name of the owner or owners of the boat,
and the port or place to which she belongs, on pain of the forfeiture of
such boat not so marked, wherever the same shall be found. § 12.
Hotr Vessels and Boats used in Piloting or Fishing to be painted, —
Tlie owners of every vessel or boat employed on the coasts of the United
Kingdom in piloting or fishing shall paint or tar every such vessel or
boat, or cause the same to be painted or tarred, entirely bhick, except the
name or other description now required by law to be painted on such ves-
sel or boat ; and every such vessel or boat found not so painted or tarred,
and every boat so painted as to resemble any boat usually employed for
the prevention of smuggling or in any other employment in His Ma-
jesty's service, shall be forfeited: Provided always, that nothing herein
shall extend to prevent any distinguishing mark from being placed on
any such vessel or boat, or to be otherwise painted, if the commissioners
of customs shall think proper to allow the same, and whitdi shall be so
expressed in the licence of the said vessel or boat, vj 13.
Vessels havi^ig secret places or devices for running goods. — All ves-
sels and boats belonging in the whole or in part to His Majesty's sflbjccts,
having false bulk-heads, false bows, double sides or bottoms, or any secret
or disguised place whatsoever in the construction of the vessel or boat
adapted for the purpose of concealing goods, or having any hole, pipe, or
other device in or about the vessel or boat adapted for the purpose of run-
ning goods, shall be forfeited. ^S 14.
What Vessels to be Licensed. — AH vessels belonging in the whole
or in part to His Majesty's subjects, not being square-rigged or propelled
by steam, and all vessels belonging as aforesaid, whether propelled by
steam or otherwise, being of less burthen than '200 tons, of which the
length is to the breadth in a greater proportion than three feet six inches
to one foot, and all such last-mentioned vessels carrying arms for re-
sistance, and all vessels of more than '200 tons burthen, belonging as
aforesaid, armed with more than two carriage guns of a calibre exceeding
four pounds, and with more than two muskets for every ten men, and
all boats belonging as aforesaid, which shall be found within 100 leagues
of the coast of the United Kingdom, shall be forfeited, unless the owners
thereof shall have obtained a licence from the commissioners of customs
in the manner hereinafter directed *. 3 & 4 W. IV. c. 53, ^S 16.
Other Vessels and Boats to be Licensed. — Every vessel or boat l)elong
ing in the whole or in part to His Majesty's subjects, or whereof one-half
of the persons on board shall be subjects of His Majesty, (not being a
lugger, and at the time fitted and rigged as such,) which shall be navi-
Transfcrs of Ships (ir Shares cf Ships.— V.y C. 0.,Dec. 18, iS35, cacli parly trausfenin- will
ha lequirod ciUR-r to do so by a separate conveyance, or where llie owners of sliares join in one
conveyance tliey will be re(|uired to slate what share or shares each conveys. And in the
j,'rantiiig part after tlie ciistomary words, " ]Lcrant, bargain, sell. assi;;n, and set over it," tlie
words " in the proportions above specified" sliall likewise be inserted.
* ]!y 6 & 7 Will. IV. c. GO. § 8, tlie owners of boats solely enga;,'ed in fishini? on the coasts of
Scotland shall not be required to obtain licences for navigating tlie same from the commis-
sioners of customs uuiler the provisions of the above Act.
1837-8.] SHIPS AND BOATS. 9
gated 1))' a fireator imnibcr of men (dUicci'S and bnys iiulu<1cd) tluui in
tlic following- i)r()i)oi'tions ; viz.
ir of ;^0 tuns or nndcr, and above 5 Ions, 1 men
CO .'50 . . 5
80 GO . . (i
100 80 . . 7
Above lluit tonna<^o, 1 man for every 15 tons ol' s.iudi additional lonnaye.
Or if a Lugger,
If of 30 tons or nndor 8 men
50 tons or nnder, and above 30 . . 9
60 50 . .10
80 00 . . 11
100 80 . . 1-'
And if above 100 tons, one man for every ten tons of such additional
tonnage, which shall be found within one hundred leagues of the coast
of the United Kingdom, shall be forfeited, \nilcss such vessel, boat, or
lugger, shall be especially licensed for the purpose by the Commissioners
of His Majesty's (Justoms. § 17.
Particulars of Licence. How Licevce may he restricted. — Every li-
cence granted by tlie Commissioners of Customs for any vessel or boat
requiring licence under this Act shall contain the proper description of
such vessel or boat, the names of the owners, with their place or places of
abode, and the manner and the limits in which the same is to be em-
ployed, and if armed, the numbers and description of arms, and the
cjuantity of ammunition, together with any other particulars which the
Connnissioners may direct ; and it shall be lawful for the Commissioners
of Customs to restrict the granting of a licence for any vessel or boat in
any way that they may deem expedient for the security of the revenue.
iS 18.
Bond as to Ilieffal Einj)Ioy. Loss, Brcalung itp, ^-c. Stamp Dutij.
— Before any such licence shall be issued or delivered, or shall have
effect for the use of such vessel or boat, the owners of every such vessel
or boat shall give security by bond in the single value of such vessel or
boat, with condition as follows: viz. that the vessel or boat shall not be
employed in the importation, landing, or removing of any prohibited or
uncustomed goods, contrary to the true intent and meanmg of this Act or
any other Act relating to the revenue of customs or excise, nor in the
exportation of any goods which are or may be prohibited to be exported,
nor in the rclanding of any goods contrary to law, nor shall receive or
take on board, or be found at sea or in port with any goods subject to
forfeiture, nor shall do any act contrary to this Act, or any Act hereafter
to be made relating to the revenue of customs or excise, or for the ]iro-
tection of the trade and commerce of the United Kingdom, nor shall bo
employed otherwise than mentioned in the licence and within the limits
therein mentioned; and in case of loss, breaking up, or disposal of the
vessel or boat, that the licence shall be delivered, within six months from
the date of such loss, breaking up, or disposal of such vessel or boat,
to the collector or principal officer of customs at the port to which such
vessel or boat shall belong; and no such bond given in respect of any
boat shall be liable to any stamp duty. § li).
Wltat sum Penaltij not to exceed. — Nothing herein contained shall
authorize the rctiuiring any bond in any higher sum than 1000/., although
the single value of the vessel or boat for which such licence is to be issui^d
may be more than 1000/. \S 20.
Bonds by Minors. — All bonds given by persons under the age of
twenty-one years, in pursuance of the directions herein contained, shall
be valid, if i].
Using Vessel contrary to Licence. — When any vessel or boat shall
be found or discovered to have been used or employed in any manner
10 SHIPS AND BOATS. [1837-8.
or in any limitis other than such as shall he specified in the licence hereby
required, or if such licence shall not he ou board such vessel or boat,
or shall not at any time be produced and delivered for examination to any
officer of the army, navy, or marines duly employed for the prevention
of smuggling, and on full pay, or any officer of customs or excise, de-
manding the same, then such vessel or boat, and all the goods laden
on board shall be forfeited. ^S 22.
Exemptions. — Nothing herein shall extend to any vessel, boat, or
lugger belonging to any of the royal family, or being in the service of
the navy, victualling, ordnance, customs, excise, or post-office, nor to
any whale boat or boat scflely employed in the fisheries, nor to any boat
belonging to any square-rigged vessel in the merchant service, nor to
any life-boat or tow-boat used in towing vessels belonging to licensed
pilots, nor to any boat used solely in rivers or inland navigation, nor to
any boats solely used in fishing on the coasts of the north and west high-
lands of Scotland, nor to any boats so used on the coast of Ireland. ^S 23.
Counterfeiting, ^-c. — If any person shall counterfeit, erase, alter, or
falsify, or cause to be counterfeited, erased, altered or falsified, any licence
so to be granted, or shall knowingly make use of any licence so counter-
feited, erased, altered, or falsified, such person shall for every such offence
forfeit 500/. ^ 24.
HoiD long Bonds to be in /orce.— No bond given on account of the
licence of any vessel or boat under the Act for the prevention of smuggling
shall be cancelled until the space of twelve months after the licence for
which such bond had been entered into shall have been delivered up to
the proper officer of customs, and such bond shall remain in full force and
effect for twelve months after the delivering up of the licence as afore-
said. ^S 25.
Former Licences and Bonds. — All licences for any vessels or boats
granted in pursuance of any Act relating to the customs shall continue
valid for all the purposes for which such licences were required, and all
bonds given in pursuance of any such Act shall continue valid and may
be enforced, any thing herein contained notwithstanding, ij 26.
Guernsey, 4^c.- — All the provisions herein contained relating to the
licensing of vessels and boats shall extend to the islands of Guernsey,
Jersey, Alderney, Sark, and Man. § 27.
Tonnage or Burthen of Ships. — The tonnage or burthen of every
British ship within the meaning of this Act shall be the tonnage set forth
in the certificate of registry of such ship, and the tonnage or burthen of
every other ship shall, for the purposes of this Act (for the general regu-
lation of the customs), be ascertained in the same manner as the tonnage
of British ships is ascertained. 3 & 4 W. IV., c. 52, ^S 127.
Hou^ Officers may refuse Master to act. — It shall be lawful for tho
officers of customs at any port under British dominion where there shall
be a collector and comptroller of the customs, to refuse to admit any per-
son to do any act at such port as master of any British ship, unless his
name shall be inserted in or have been indorsed upon the certificate of
registry of such ship as being the master thereof, or until his name
shall have been so indorsed by such collector and comptroller. § 128.
Carrying Letters.— '^^o ship or boat appointed and employed ordinarUy
for the carriage of letters shall import or export any goods without per-
mission of the commissioners of customs, under the penalty of the for-
feiture of 100/., to be paid by the master of such ship or boat, ij 142.
Ships not bringing to at Stations. — If any ship coming up or de-
parting out of any port in the United Kingdom or in the Isle of Man,
shall not bring to at the proper stations in such port appointed by the
commissioners of customs for the boarding or landing of officers of
customs, the master of such ship shall for every such offence forfeit
100/. § 135.
1837-8.] SHIPS AND BOATS. 11
How Officers may he stationed in Ships. Accommodation. — It shall
be lawful for the commissiontM's of customs, and for the collector and
comptroller of any port under their directions, to station ollicers on board
any ship while within the limits of any port in the United Kingdom or
in the Isle of Man ; and the master of every ship on board of which any
ofllcer is so stationed shall provide every such otlicer suflicient room
imder the deck, in some part of the forecastle or steera<>e, i'or his bed or
hammock, and in case of neglect or refusal so to do, shall forleit 100/.
Size of Vessels in which Goods may be Imported and Exported. —
Whereas the imi)ortation and exportation of certain goods into and from
the Umted Kingdom and other dominions of His Majesty by the laws
now in force is restricted to vessels of seventy tons burthen or upwards :
And whereas bv 5 & G WiH. IV., c. 56, vessels are rec|uired to be ad-
measured according to the rules set forth in that Act, and m consequence
thereof it has become expedient to reduce the tonnage to which such im-
portations and exportations are restricted ; it is therefore enacted, that it
shall be lawful to import into or export from the United Kingdom, and
other dominions of His Majesty, any such goods in vessels of sixty tons
burthen and upwards, provided such vessels have been admeasured
according to the rules prescribed by the last-mentioned Act, 6 & 7 Will.
IV., c. 60, § 5.
Goods in Possession of Bankrupt. — If any trader at the time he be-
comes bankrupt shall, by the consent and permission of the true owner
thereof, have in his possession, order, or disposition any goods or chattels
whereof he was reputed owner, or wdiereof he had taken upon him the
sale, alteration, or disposition as ow'uer, the commissioner shall have
power to sell the same for the benefit of the creditors under the com-
mission ; provided that nothing herein contained shall invalidate or alfect
any transfer or assignment of any vessel, or any share thereof, made as a
security for any debt, either by way of mortgage or assignment, duly
registered according to the provisions of 4 Will. IV., c. 41. 6 & 7 Will.
IV., c. 14, s^ 86. [^Oth May, 1836. " An Act to amend the Laws relating
to Bankrupts in Ireland."]
Tonnage of Ships.
Former Act. — From the commencement of this Act (Sept. 9, 1 8.']5), so
much of the Act as establishes rules for ascertaining the tonnage of ships
is hereby repealed so far as respects the merchant shipping of the United
Kingdom to be thereafter registered, 5 and 6 Will. IV., c. 5G, § 1.
Rule by ivhich Tonnage to be ascertained. — The tonnage of every
vessel required by law to be registered shall, previous to her being regis-
tered, be measured and ascertained while her hold is clear, and according
to the following rule, viz., divide the length of the upper deck between
the aftcrpart of the stem and the forepart of the stern-post into six etiual
parts. Depths : at the foremost, the middle, and the aftermost of those
points of division, measxire in feet and decimal parts of a foot the depths
from the under side of the upper deck to the ceiling at the limber strake.
In the case of a break in the upper deck, the depths are to be measured
from a line stretched in a continuation of the deck. Breadths : divide
each of those three depths into five equal parts, and measure the inside
breadths at the following points, viz., at one-fiftli and at four-fifths from
the upper deck of the foremost and aftermost depths, and at two-fifths and
four-fifths from the upper deck of the midship depth. Length : at half
the midship depth measure the length of the vessel from the aftcrpart of
the stem to the forepart of the stern-post ; then to twice the midship
depth add the foremost and the aftermost depths for the sum of the
depths; add together the upper and lower breadths at the foremost divi-
sion, three times the upper breadth, and the lower breadth at the midship
12 SHIPS AND BOATS. [1837-8.
division, and the upper and twice the lower breadth at the after division,
for the sum of the breadths ; then midtiply the sum of the depths by the
sum of the breadths, and this product by the length, and divide the final
product by 3500, which will give the number of tons for register. If the
vessel have a poop or half deck, or a break in the upper deck, measure
the inside mean length, breadth, and height of such part tliereof as may
be included within the bulk-head ; multiply these three measurements
together, and dividing the product by 92'4, the quotient will be the num-
ber of tons to be added to tlie result as above found. In order to ascer-
tain the tonnage of open vessels, the depths are to be measured from the
upper edge of the upper strake. § 2.
Tuimage to be entered on Register. — The tonnage or burtlien of every
ship belonging to the United Kingdom, ascertained in the manner herein-
before directed, shall, in respect of any such ship which shall be regis-
tered after the commencement of this Act (except as hereinafter ex-
cepted), be inserted in the certificate* of the registry thereof, and \)q
taken to be the tonnage or burthen thereof for all the purposes of the
said Act. § 3.
Tonnage of Steam Vessels. — In each of the several rules herein-before
prescribed, when applied for the purpose of ascertaining the tonnage of
any ship propelled by steam, the tonnage due to the cubical contents of
the engine-room shall be deducted from the total tonnage of the vessel as
determined by either of the rules aforesaid, and the remainder shall be
deemed the true register tonnage of the said ship or vessel. The tonnage
due to the cubical contents of the engine-room shall be determined in the
following manner, viz., measure the inside length of the engine-room in
feet and decimal parts of a foot from the foremost to the aftermost bulk-
head, then multiply the said length by the depth of the ship or vessel at
the midship division as aforesaid, and the product by the inside breadth at
the same division at two-fifths of the depth from the deck taken as afore-
said, and divide the last product by 92-4, and tlje quotient shall be deemed
the tonnage due to the cubical contents of the engine-room. \) 4.
Contents of Engine-Room in descriptiori of ^team Vessel. — The ton-
nage due to the cubical contents of the engine-room, and also the length
of the engine-room, shall be set forth in the certificate of registry as part
of the description of the ship or vessel, and any alteration of such ton-
nage due to the cubical contents of the engine-room or of such length of
the engine-room, after registry, shall be deemed to be an alteration re-
quiring registry de novo within the meaning of the Act for the register-
ing of ships. ^S 5.
For ascertaining Tonnage of Vessels tvhen laden. — For the purpose
of ascertaining the tonnage of all such ships, whether belonging to the
United Kingdom or otherwise, as there shall be occasion to measure
while their cargoes are on board, the following rule shall be observed and
is hereby established, viz., measure, first, the length on the upper deck
between the afterpart of the stem and the forepart of the stern-post ; se-
condly the inside breadth on the underside of the upper deck at the
middle point of the length ; and, thirdly, the depth from the underside of
the upper deck down the pump-well to the skin; multiply these three
dimensions together, and divide the product by one hundred and thirty,
and the quotient will be the amount of the register tonnage of such
ships. § 6.
* By C. O., June 11, 18^G, tluit in all certificates of ailmensuicment of foreign sliips wliose
tonnage may l)e so alteied by llie new mode of iiilmeasiircment, as to preclude their bein:; cm-
])loyed in-tlie conveyance of waridioiised goods, tlie tonnage according to tlie tbrmer as well as
the present mode of adineasuri-ineni be inserted in the said cenilicatts, and under similar cir-
cumstances, the same rule is to ajijily to liritisli vessels on llicir lirst registry, or registry de
niiro, and tlial the registering ofTicir likewise notify on the certificates of such registry the
tonnage according to the formermode of admeasurement, and also in certificates to obtain
Licences.
1837-8.] SHIPS AND BOATS. 13
Rpgister Tonnage on Main Beam. — The true amount of the rcf;ister
tonnage of every mercliant ship belonginj^ to the United Kinodom, to be
ascertained according to the nde by tliis Act established in respect of such
ships, shall be deeply carved or cut in figures of at least three inches in
lengthen the main beam of every such ship, piiorto her being regis-
tered. § 7.
Vessels already Registered. — Nothing herein contained shall extend
to alter the present measure of tonnage of any ship which shall have
been registered prior to the commencement of this Act, [September 9,
183.3,] unless in cases where the owners of any such ships shall require
to have their tonnage established according to the rule herein-before pro-
vided, or unless there shall be occasion to have any such ship admea-
sured again on account of any alteration which shall have been made in
the form of burthen of the same, in which cases only such ships shall bo
re-admeasured according to the said rule, and their tonnage registered
accordingly. ^S 8.
Commencement of Act. — This Act shall commence from 1st January,
1830. §9.
Former Acts of 7 and 8 Geo. IV. c. 30, and 9 Geo. IV. c. 56, so far as
concerns this Act, repealed*. 1 Vict. c. 89, iJ 1. [July 17, 1837.]
Setting fire to Ships nith intent to Murder. — Whosoever shall un-
lawfully and maliciously set fire to, cast away, or in anywise destroy any
ship, either with intent to murder any person, or whereby the life of
any person shall be endangered, shall be guilty of felony, and being
convicted thereof shall sutfer death. § 4.
Hanging out fdse Lights. — Whosoever shall unlawfully exhibit any
false light or signal, with intent to bring any ship into danger, or shall
unlawfully and maliciously do any thing tending to the immediate loss
or destruction of any ship in distress, shall be guilty of felony, and
being convicted thereuf shall sutler death. \J 5.
Setting fire to Ships icith Intent to destroy. — Whosoever shall unlaw-
fully and maliciously set fire to or in anywise destroy any ship, whether the
same be complete or in an unfinished state, or shall unlawfully and mali-
ciously set fire to, cast away, or iu anywise destroy any ship, with intent
thereby to prejudice any owner or part owner of such ship, or of any goods
on Ijoard the same, or any person that hath underwritten or shall under-
write any policy of insurance upon such ship, or on the freight thereof,
or upon any goods on board the same, shall be guilty of felony, and
being convicted thereof shall bo liable, at the discretion of the court, to
be transported beyond the seas for the term of the natural life of such
oflfender, or for any term not less than fifteen years, or to be imprisoned
for any term not exceeding three years. ^S G.
hnpeding Person to save Life from Ship xcrecked, Sfc. — Whosoever
shall by force prevent or impede any person endeavouring to save his
life from any siiip which shall be in distress, or wrecked, stranded, or
cast on shore, (whether he be on board or shall have quitted the same,)
shall be guilty of felony, and being convicted thereof shall be liable, at
the discretion of the court, to be transported beyond the seas for the
term of the natural life of such offender, or for any term not less than
fifteen years, or to be imprisoned for any term not exceeding three
years. § 7.
Destroying IVrecks or Articles. — Whosoever shall unlawfully and
maliciously destroy any part of any ship which shall be in distress, or
wrecked, stranded, or cast on shore, or any goods or articles of any
kind btdonging to such ship, shall be guilty of felony, and being con-
victed thereof shall be liable, at the discretion of the court, to be trans-
ported beyond the seas for any terra not exceeding fifteen years, nor less
• To commence from October 1, 183/. § 16, As to Piracy, sec p. IC.
14 SHIPS AND BOATS. [1837-8.
than ten years, or to be imprisoned for any term not exceeding three
years. (J 8.
Setting fire to Coal Mines. — Whosoever sliall unlawfully and mali-
ciously set fire to any mine of coal or Cannel coal shall be guilty of fe-
lony, and being convicted thereof shall be liable, at the discretion of the
court, to be transported beyond the seas for the terra of the natural life
of such offender, or for any term not less than fifteen years, or to be
imprisoned for any term not exceeding three years. ^ 9.
Setting fire to Agricultural Produce, i^-c. — Whosoever shall unlaw-
fully and maliciously set fire to any stack of corn, grain, pulse, tares,
straw, haulm, stubble, furze, heath, fern, hay, turf, peat, coals, charcoal,
or wood, or any steer of wood, shall be guilty of felony, and being con-
victed thereof shall be liable, at the discretion of the court, to be trans-
ported beyond the seas for the term of the natural life of such offender,
or for any term not less than fifteen years, or to be imprisoned for any
term not exceeding three years- § 10.
Accessaries. — In the case of felony punishable imder this Act, every
principal in the second degree, and every accessary before the fact, shall
be punishable with death, or otherwise in the same manner as the prin-
cipal in the first degree is by this Act punishable ; and every accessary
after the fact to any felony punishable under this Act shall, on con-
viction, be liable to be imprisoned for any term not exceeding two years.
§11.
Offences punishable by Imprisonment. — Where any person shall be
convicted of any offence punishable under this Act, for which imprison-
ment may be awarded, it shall be lawful for the court to sentence the
offender to be imprisoned, or imprisoned and kept to hard labour, in the
common gaol or house of correction, and also to direct that the offender
shall be kept in solitary confinement for any portion or portions of such
imprisonment, or of such imprisonment with hard labour, not exceeding
one month at any one time, and not exceeding three months in any one
year, as to the court in its discretion shall seem meet. ^S 12.
Exceptio7is not to affect powers of 5 and 6 Will. IV. c. 38, and 4 Geo.
IV. c. G4. § 13.
Admiralty Jurisdiction. — Where any felony punishable under this
Act shall be committed within the jurisdiction of the Admiralty of Eng-
land or of Ireland, the same sliall be dealt with, inquired of, tried, and
determined in the same manner as any other felony committed within
that jurisdiction. § 14.
Scotland. — Nothing in this Act contained shall extend to Scotland.
COURT OF EXCHEQUER, Saturuay, May \3, \S37.~( London Si/tings at
Nisi Prills, before Lord Abinger and Common Juries.) — Haiivky v. Thompson.
This was an action to recover the vahie of two bales of goods shipped on
board a steamer, called The Princess L'lcloria, belonging to a company of which
the dei'endant was a director.
The damages were laid at 147/. \8s.
Messrs. Cresswell and Henderson appeared for tl:e plaintiff, and Mr. Serjeant
Talfonrd and Mr. Bodkin lor the defence.
On the 12th of February last year the vessel was to have left the pier of Leith
to make fur the roads, there to complete her cargo. The stress of weather com-
pelled her to lighten her cargo before she could get out on her way to the roads.
Afterwards she strnck on the weir at the mouth of the liarhour, and from this she
did not get clear until the IGth of February. 'i'he remainder of lier cargo,
brought out to her in a sloop and lighters, she then tonk un board and put out
to sea, between .'5 and 4 p.ii. Towards evening there came ou a heavy gale,
which continued to increase until near midnight, when the danger appearing to
be imminent, all the passengers on board signed a requisition to the captam to
lighten the cargo, After the lapse of an hour, during which the critical
1837-8.] SHIPS AND BOATS. 15
situation of the vessel continued, the captain assented, and threw a certain
portion of the goods overboard, in which was induded the property of the
plaintifl'. This produced the desired effect; the captain was enabled to put
about, and a<,'aiu liove in sij^ht of land on Tlun-sday. The real point at issue was
this — Had the vessel been overloaded, or had it not ? The captain deposed to
having often cariied safely a larger cargo. For the plaintiff the cargo was
sworn to be much groiter than usual, and of an embarrassing nature. Goods
were piled in parts six feet high. There were five mail-coaches and some
hiu'ses on deck.
The jury, after two hours and a half, brought in their verdict; it was for the
plaintiffj m the full amount claimed,
ROLLS" COURT, Westjunsteu, May 24, 1837.— Lynn v. Chaieks.
Lord Lanuo.vi.k delivered judgment in tliis case. The plaintiffs, Messrs.
John Lynn, James Lynn, and Cornforth, were joint owners of a ship called
The Friends, oi' ivhich Cornfortlvs share was mortgaged, and being desirous to
sell it, they empowered .lames Lynn to act as their agent. He agreed with a
raan of the name of Wright, who acted Ibr the defendant Chafers, and also for
himself, for the sale of the ship at 750/., to be paid one-third down in cash,
another third in a bill at three, and the remaining third in a bill at six months,
On August 16, 1833, the parties met to complete the purchase, and hills of sales
■were executed, by which 42-6-lth. parts of the ship were assigned to the
defendant Chafers, in consideration of VML 3.v. 9^/., and the remaining i'i-GJths
part was assigned to Wright for 257/. IGs. 3c/., making up the sum of 750/. for
the whole ship. The 2o()A was paid by Wright by a check upon his bankers,
and he accepted two bills for 250/. each, at three and six months, for the
remaining 500/. When these bills became due, they were dishonoured, and
Wright became bankrupt. The 500/. was claimed of tlie defendant Chaters, and
an action at law was brought to recover it. To this action the defendant pleaded,
that in the bill of sale to him the sum of 492/. 3i-. 9d. was expressed to be
received. Upon this plea the plaintiffs abandoned their action and instituted
this suit, which prayed that Chaters should be ordered to pay the amount of the
two dishonoured bills, or otherwise that the ship might be resold and the proceeds
applied in their paynrent. The defendants contended that the Court had no
jurisdiction to give relief in this case, but it must be considered that the money
was in point of fact not paid ; that by the defence set up at law the plaintiff' had
been compelled to submit to abandon his action there, and that the claim was
just. It had been also said that payment had been made by the delivery of the
two bills whh the 250/. actually paid, but delivery of bills was not payment.
The defendant also contended that he had nothing to do with the bills, for that
he had at the time money in the hands of Wright on purpose to pay for the
ship, and that that was known to the vendors, who in consequence agreed to take
the bills of Wright alone in payment. In j)oiut of fact the bills were given by
Wright alone, but the statement v/as not in itself probable, nor was there evidence
to satisfy liim (Lord Laiigdale) that Chaters should be exonerated from the pur-
chase money. The only thing in favour of his case was the evidence of James
Hill, but it appeared that James Hill died on the day of the transaction, and
Williams said he did not believe he knew what he was about. His Lordship
was of opinion that the defendant Chaters should be made liable for the payment
of the unpaid purchase money. The decree must be for an account to be taken
of what was due of the purcliase money, and if the money was not paid then,
that the ship be resold, and that the defendant should be restrained from
making away with the ship until he had paid what was due on the account.
COURT OF KING'S BENCH, Friday, May 20, l837.—{Sitli>i</s in Ba/ico.)—
HoLI.INGSWOliTH t'. BrtOUERICK.
Mr. Martin said, that this was au action on a policy of insurance effected for
tvvelve months on T/ie Angerstein. The declaration alleged that the vessel had
been lost by the perils of the sea. The defendant pleaded in answer, that after
making the policy, and during the continuance of the insurance, aiul prior to the
loss, the vessel had become broken and unseawortliy ; that the vessel might
have been repaired and made se<iworthy at an expense less than that of lier
value, but that notwithstanding the plaiiitit}' had not made such repairs. To
this plea the plaintiff demurred. The learned counsel in support of the demurrer,
15 SHIPS AND BOATS. [1837-8.
submitte<l that the plea was bad and insiifKcient, inasmuch as that it did not
allelic that the loss arose in consequence of the presumed unseaworthiness; and
farther, that it did not ailej;e that this supposed unseaworthiness was in exist-
ence prior to the commencement of the voyac^e. Now it would be most dan-
gerous to the shippiufj; interest of the cuuntr)-, if, in a time policy, the insertion
therein that the vessel was seaworthy when she commenced her voyage were not
held to be suificient. If any other rule were to be adopted, the owners would be
placed at the mercy of their captains, who, by acts of negligence, however
trifling, by an omission in having some repairs made either to the vessel or to
her rigging subsequent to her having set out on her voyage, might thereby
render the policy void.
Mr. Watson having been heard on the other side,
The Court said that the pleading in this case on behalf of the defendant did
not raise the question which had been put forward in argument, and therefore
the decision of the Court must be for the plaintiff.
PIRACY.
The Acts 28 Hen. VIII. c. 15 ; 11 and 12 Will. III. c. 7 ; 4 Geo. I.
c. 1 1. § 7 : 8 Geo. I. c. 24 ; and 18 Geo. II. c. 30, are repealed. 1 Vict,
c. 88.\S. 1*. (July 17, 1837.)
Murder attempted. — Whosoever, with intent to commit or at the time
of or immediately before or immediately after committing the crime of
piracy in respect of any vessel, shall assault, with intent to murder, any
person being on board of or belonging to such vessel, or shall stab, cut, or
wound any such person, or unlawfully do any act by which the life of
such person may be endangered, shall be guilty of felony, and being con-
victed thereof shall suffer death as a felon. § 2.
Transportation. — AVhosoever shall be convicted of any offence which
by any of the Acts hereinbefore referred to amounts to the crime of pi-
racv, and is thereby made punishable with death, shall be liable, at the
discretion of the court, to be transported beyond the seas for the term of
the natural life of such offender, or for any term not less than fifteen
years, or to be imprisoned for any term not exceeding three years. ^^. 3-
Accensarii'S. — In the case of every felony punishable under this Act
every principal in the second degree and every accessary before the fact
shall be punishable with death or otherwise in the same manner as the
principal in the first degree is by this Act punishable : and every acces-
sary alter the fact to any felony punishable under this Act shall, on con-
viction, be liable to be imprisoned for any term not exceeding two
years. § 4.
Imprisonment. — Where any person shall be convicted of any offence
punishable under this Act, for which imprisonment may be awarded, it
shall be lawful for the court to sentence the offender to be imprisoned, or
imprisoned and kept to hard labour, in the common gaol or house of cor-
rection, and also to direct that the offeuiler shall be kept in solitary con-
finement for any portion or portions of such imprisonment, or of such
imprisonment with hard labour, not exceeding one month at any one
time, and not exceeding three months in any one year, as to the court in
its discretion shall seem meet. § 5.
Exceptions. — Not to affect powers of 5 and 6 AVill.lV. c. 38, and 4 Geo.
IV. c. 04. § G.
salvage:.
ADMIRALTY COURT, Wfdnf.s»ay, June 7, 1837.— Tmj Funchai,.
The Fiinclia/, a Portuguese vessel, of 70 tons, with a cargo of butter, salt pro-
visions, and other goods, from Hamburgh to Lisbon, through stress of weather,
and by mistaking the lights on the English coast, on the 17th of JUarch, had
* To Kommonee from October 1, 1837. § 7. As to setting fire to ships, hanging out false
lights, &c., see p. 13.
1S37-8.] SALVAGE. 17
f^ot into tlie Sunk Channel in the nioutli of the Tliames, and touched on the flat
of the Lon^ Sand. Thu Pro.tp'7-ni/s, a fishing smuck, being on the look-out to
the north of the Nore light, with other boats, came up, and with their assist-
ance the vessel was taken through the Swin, and anchored in safety near the
Nore light. For this service, which, it was contended, was mere pilotage, the
master offered ')0/., which was refused.
Sir J. Nicnoi.i. was of opinion that the offer was more than the parties were
entitled to. The whole service was steering the vessel up the channel of the
sand. There was some reason aiul room to suspect that the foreign vessel had
been intentionally carried out of her course to the Nore light. lie did not, how-
ever, decide the question on this ground, or venture to pronoinice that the conduct
of the asserted salvors had been fraudulent ; but he considered the demand of the
salvors unreasonable and improper, and that the offer had been improperly re-
fused. Had the tender been made in Court, he shoidd have been bound to con-
demn the parties in the costs ; but he left each party to pay their own costs, and
dismissed the suit.
THE CIIEEKLY.
This was an action by the masters, owners, and crews of five fishing smacks,
for services rendered to the Cheerhj, a colliers brig, which, on her return to Sun-
derhijul from London (where she had delivered a cargo of coals), in ballast, got
on a sand in the mouth of the river, at 1 o'clock in the morning between the 22(1
and 23d of November. The vessel was observed to be in this situation by the
salvors, who were on the look-out from the Swin, and who proceeded in boats to
her assistance at half-past nine. They boarded the Cheerlt/, but the master, as the
tide was flowing, conceive<l that the vessel would come off at high water, and
refused the proffi^red aid. The smacksmen, however, remained on board, smok-
ing their pipes, and as the vessel did not float at high water, the master agreed
to accept the services of the smacksmen, in lightening the vessel, on an under-
standing that the amount of compensation should he matter of arbitration. Some
ballast was accordingly thrown out, and with heaving on the anchor, at hall-
past 12 o'clock, on the 23d, the brig got off, and was steered by the master into
the Colne. An offer of 100/. was made, and tendered in this Court, but refused.
The numlier of hands on board the smacks was 31, but only 8 or 10 were ac-
tivel)' engaged. The value of the vessel was 900/.
Dr. Biirnaby, for the salvors, contended that the sum offered was not adequate
to the services rendered; for if the vessel had remained ou the sand^ which was
a dangerous one, she would have become a wreck.
])r. Addams, for the owners, said that there had been no signal for assistance ;
the lucn had come vuhmtarily on board, and when it was found that the vessel
would not float at high water, they were engaged in discharging the ballast for
about seven hours, and for this service they had refused one-ninth of the value
of the whole propert}^
Sir J. Nicuoi.i. observed that it was not immaterial to consider what was the
nature of the sand in question. It was on the Essex coast, above Southend, and
helow the Nore, and was a mixture of sand and ooze, covered with water at an
hour and a-half or two hours' flood. It was, therefore, a soft sand, at the tail
of which the vessel touched, about half an hour after high water. It was na-
tural to exiiect that she would have got oft' next tide, for it was full moon ou
the very day, and the tide would increase. But it sometimes happened, that
from the force of the wind the tide did not reach its expected altitude, and as the
vessel did not come off at the second tide, the master prudently determined upon
throwing out jiart of the ballast. But there was no sort of difficulty or danger.
The smacksmen being on board, they were employed in heaving out the ballast,
but the master steered the brig into the Colne. Yet the salvors demanded
nothing less than UJO/., which they afterwards reduced to 120/., and entered an
action in this court for 200/. He (the learned judge) was of opinion tliat the
tender was abimdantly sufficient, and he pronounced for the tender, and directed
the salvors to pay the costs from the time they refused it, and moreover that the
costs be paid out of the money brought into the registry.
TIIK COUSINS.
The King's Advocate stated that this was a suit by the masters and crews of
four boats for services rendered to the Collins, a brig of 119 tons, from Stockton
to Sheerness, with a cargo of coals, valued at 600/., which had come into collision
C
18 SALVAGE. [1837-8.
with another vessel, named the Hero, from which she snffered much damage,
and drifted on tlie West Rocks, in the Swin, oft the coast of Essex, on the 16th
of February. She was perceived by the salvors, some of whom had been out on
a spratting voyage, and otb.ers were on tlieir voyas^e to get sprats for manure,
when they proceeded immediately to the assistance of the vessel, which was car-
ried safely to Harwich. For this service only 20/. had been offered.
The Court. — It is a sprat service.
The King's Advocate. — Not a whale service, undoubtedly.
The Court. — If they get 20/. and their costs, I think that will he sufficient.
THE DEFIANCE.
This was an action by the master, owner, and crew of the Lady Nepeaii, of 80
tons, which, whilst on a voyage from Lisbon to Gloucester, with a valuable cargo
on boiird, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon of January31,in lat. 40. 53., long. 90. 50.,
perceived the brig Defimcp, on her voyage from Leghorn to London, with a
cargo valued with the ship at 5,300/,, in a distressed situation, under jury-
masts, with a signal of distress flying, rolling and labouring very much, the wea-
ther being boisterous. The Ladij Nepean went to her assistance, and (being
unable to board the Defiance) took her in tow to Oporto ; but from the state of
the wind, and the difficulty of getting over the bar at Oporto, it was agreed that
she should be taken to Coruana, where the vessel was conveyed in safety. The
service lasted three or four daAs. The only fact in dispute was the distance of
towing, one party calculating it at 259 miles, the other 205 miles. No tender
was made.
After hearing the King's Advocate and Dr. Addams for the salvors, and Dr.
Haggard and Dr. Nicholl for the owners of the Defiance, who suggested 700/.,
Sir J. NicHoi.i. said, there could be no doubt that the property had been in
extreme peril, and beside tlie labour and risk of towing for four days, the salvors,
independent of the delay, had placed their insurance in jeopardy by the devia-
tion from their course. He thought 1000/. not too much,
i\IoNDA-s:, July 3, 1837. — the maria.
The vessel salved in this case was the Maria, of 234 tons, with a crew of 11
men, which, on her return voyage from the Levant to Hull, with a cargo of
hones, on the 10th of February, about day-break, got on the south end of the
Cross Sand, near Yarmouth. The persons on the look-out from the beach at
Yarmouth launched two yawls, the Royal Sovereign, oi' 31 tons and 11 men, and
the Red Rover, of 30 tons and 14 men, and proceeded to the assistance of the
vessel, the wind blowing very hard from the south-south-west, and a heavy sea
running. The Red Rover reached the Maria first, and having carried out the
kedge anchor, and the sails being backed, the vessel was got off the sand before
the Roxjal Sovereign came up, which, however, assisted in towing her into Yar-
mouth Roads. Being last from Smyrna, where the plague was raging, and
having no clean bill of health, the vessel was sent to the quarantine station, with
such of the salvors as were on boanl, where they were detained 37 days, the ves-
sel meanwhile requiring frequent pumping. For this service and detention the
owners had tendered 300/., which the salvors had refused. The value of the
ship and cargo was 2,445/.
The Queen's Advocate, with whom was Dr. Nicholl, for the salvors, contended
that they were entitled to a larger reward. The principal facts were uncon-
tradicted ; the vessel was in great peril, and the crew had packed up all their
lothes to be prepared for the worst.
Dr. Phillimore and Dr. Haggard, for the owners, on the contrary, maintained
that the tender was a handsome one ; that the Red Rover alone had released the
vessel, the duratiim of the time being one hour, and that the case was one (the
action having l)een entered for 1000/.) in which the Court should conden-.n the
party refusing the temler in the costs.
Sir J. Niciioi.T, was of opinion, looking to all the circumstances, that there
liad been considerable merit on the part of the salvors, who had evinced readi-
ness in launching their vessel, and had incurred some risk in going over the sand,
and in remaining on hoard a vessel which might have had the plague. The
temler was not one-seventh, and he thought he was bound to add 150/. more, and
make the award 450/, with costs.
1837-8.] SALVAGE. 19
THE COMMIJkCIANT.
This was a foreign vessel, of '2C0 tons, bound to Ilonfleur, with a cari^o of
timber, which, meeting with temi^estiioiis weather, {^iit on the Kentish Knock
Sand, but was able to get oH' by the exertions of her own ciew. Being water-
logged, and in want of lepair, the master liad b.irgained with a laden brig to tow
him to Yarmouth, but the salvors, in an Aldborough yawl, came up, and were
emp'oyed in preference, and conveyed the vessel to Harwich, a phice to which
the masier wished to go for repairs. The appraised value of the ship and cargo
was2,J13/.
After hearing Dr. Nicholl for the salvors, and the Queen's Advocate for the
owners^ Sir J. Nicnoi.i. awarded 150/. as salvage, the owners to pay the costs.
THE MAUGAUET.
In this case the Margaret, a steam-vcsscl, with cargo and passengers from
Waterford to London, in the afternoon of the 24th of January, during a liaze or
fog, got on the Burling Reef, about two miles to the westward of Beachy Head.
Previous to the accideut Lieutenant Smith, of the coast-guard, stationed at the
Burling-gap, ordered a gun to be ilred to warn the vessel of her danger, but she
struck. Blue lights were shuwu on board, and the lieutenant directed bis boat
to go to the vessel's assistance, being himself ili. It was stated in the affidavits
that the place is one of the must dangerous on the coast, and that very few ves-
sels which once get on the reef escape. Having carried out an anchor to steady
her, at the rise of the tide, the paddles were backed, and the vessel got oif. The
master gave the boatmen a soverei^ju for their assistance. No tender was made.
The vessel and cargo were worili 20,OUO/.
After hearing Dr. Addams, for the salvors, and Dr. Phillimore for Sir John
Tobin, the owner of the steam-vessel,
Sn- John Niciioi.t. observed, that the salvage service was of a vexy slight de-
scription; the vessel was got oifby her own machinery. But there was a fea-
ture in the case which deserved consideration. The property was worth 20,00U/.,
the vessel was a steam-vessel, and had passengers on boiird. If such vessels ren-
dered assistance, it was considered good policy to pay liberally for their assist-
ance ; and it was the duty of the Court to enforce this principle against them.
Litutenant Smith bad shown alertness in sending the boat, and latterly wished to
go himself. Considering the value of the property, and that there were passen-
gers on board, if lie directed a present of lOOA to be paid to Tilr. Smith, with lire
expenses of the proceedings, he thought it was a \ resent which the owners and
irnderwriters would not grudge on principles of policy.
NAVAL REGISTRATION.
Notice to all Captains and Commanding-Officers of British Vessels, rcapeeting
Registry of Birt/ts and Deaths at S^a.
The Registrar-General of births, deaths, and marriages in England hereby
directs the attention of all captains or commanding-ofiicers of British vessels to
the following provisions of the act of the 6th and 7th of William IV., cap. S(j,
entitled " An Act for Registering Births, Deaths, and Marriages in England,"'
namely,
In the 21st section it is enacted, " That, if any child of an English parent
shall be born at sea, on' board of a British vessel, the captain or comnranding
officer of the vessel on board of which the said child shall have been born, shall
forthwith make a minute of the several particulars hereinbelore required to be
inserted in the register, touching tl.e birth of such child, so far as the same may
be known, and the name of the vessel wherein the birth took place, and shall on
the arrival of the vessel in any port of the United Kingdom, or by any other
sooner opportunity, send a certificate of the said minute, through the Fost-ofKce,
to the Registrar-General."
In the 26th section of the same Act it is enacted, " That if any of His Majesty's
English suljects shall die at sea, on board of a British vessel, the captain or
commanding-otficer of the vessel on board of which such death shall have hap-
jiened, shall forthwith make a minute of the several particulars hereinbefore
required to be inserted in the register touching such death, so far as the same
may be known, and the name of the vessel wherein the death took place, and
C 2
20
NAVAL REGISTRATION.
[1837-8.
shall, on the arrival of such vessel in any port of the United Kingtlom. or by
any other sooner opportunity, semi a ceitiiicate of the said minute, throuj^h the
Posl-otfiee, to the Reuistrai-General."
The following are the schedules containing the particulars required to be
inserted in the register, so far as the same may be known : — •
183 . — BIRTH of a child at sea, on board of [/lere name the vessel].
^
P-S
d 3
c
•
'•" -*
S .
■-^
1
"S
c
o
o l*
a
^ *.
2i ^
>?;■« =
e
C8
\f.
s
n 2
E S
lf°
"3
To
55
C/J
;<5
%d'.
pci
i-yj-zl
tn
P5 PS
Instead of the Registrar, let tlie Captain or Commanding Offici'V liere sign his nime.
183 .
—DEATH at sea
on board o
■ [Aere name Me nesie/].
s
c
i, *'
tn
S
■i
2
CD
5
■a
c
C3
o
•—
Pi
Q
o
Tb
c
1
.
^
3
1= o
c
3
a
iC
M
<
p:i
O
wj-i:
1?
C/J
i
+ Instead of the Rej;islrar, let the Captain or Commanding UtTicer liere sign his name.
The word " English" includes only natives of England and Wales. The word
"British" includes vessels belonging to all parts of the British empire.
The minute may be made in the ship's log, and the certificate of the minute
shall be a true copy of it, with the following words, or others to the like effect,
subscribed : —
" I hereliy certify that this is a true copy of the minute made in the log
of on the day of 18 .
"Witness my hand , this day of 18 .
"Captain (or commanding-officer) of ."
[Here insert the name of the vessel.]
Such certificate is to be sent through the Post-office, directed —
"To the Registrar-General of Births, Deaths, and Marriages,
General Register-office, London."
SEA APPRENTICES.
Hnw Parish Boys may be put out Apprentices in Sea Service. — It
shall be lawful for the ovei-seers of the \toox of any place in the United
Kingdom, or in whom the duty of overseers or guardians of the poor
shall or may be vested, and they are hereby empowered, to bind by in-
denture, and put out any boy having attained the age of thirteen years,
and of sufficient health and strength, who or whose parent or parents is
1837-8.] SEA APPRENTICES. 21
or are charfjeable to or mtiintaincd 1)v any sucli parish or township, or
who shall be^ for alms therein, witli his consent, but not nihertcise, an
apprentice in the sea service to any of His Majesty's subjects, bein<j the
master or owner of any ship reuistered in any port of the United Kin<r-
dom, for so lon^ time, and until such boys shall rcsiiectively attain the
age of twenty-one years, which bindinij; shall be as effectual in the law as
if such boy had been bound by virtue of any statute now in force rcspect-
inp: the bindini; of parish apprentices, or as if such boy were of full a<^e
and had bound himself an apprentice, and notwithstandinj^ the residence
of the master or owner to whom ho may bo bound shall bo more than
forty miles distant from such parish or place : Provided, that every such
binding shall be made in the presence of two justices of the peace acting
for the place within which such parish or township shall be situate, which
justices shall execute the indenture in testimony of their having been
satisfied that such boy hatli attained the ago, and is of sulllcient health
and strength as required by this Act ; and to the end that the period
when the service under such indenture shall expire may the more cer-
tainly appear, the age of every such boy shall be inserted in his inden-
ture, the same being truly taken from a copy of the entry of his baptism
in the register book of the parish in which he was born (where the same
can be obtained), which copy shall be given and attested by the officiat-
ing minister of such parish without fee or reward; and in cases where no
such entry of baptism can be found, the justices shall inform themselves
as fully as they can of such boy's age, and from such information shall
insert the same in his indenture, and the age of every such boy so in-
serted shall (in relation to the continuance of his service) be taken to be
his true ago without any further proof thereof. —o and G Will. IV. c. 19.
§ 26. (30th July, 1835.)'
Hoio Parish Ajqirentices may be turned over to Sea Serrice. — It shall
be lawful for any master or person to whom any poor parish apprentice
shall have been or shall be hereafter bound to a service on shore according
to the statutes already in force relating to such apprentices, or for the ex-
ecutors or administrators, or, there being none such, for the widow of
any such deceased master, with the concurrence of two or more justices
of the peace residing in or near to the place where such poor boy shall
have been bound apprentice, to assign and turn over such poor boy, with
his consent, but not otherwise, apprentice to any master or owner of any
ship not having her complement of apprentices as hereinafter required,
to be employed by such master or owner in the sea service during the
period then remaining unexpired of his apprenticeship. § 27.
How Indentures nutij be assigned on deutJi of Muster. — In the event
of the death of the master of any such poor or parish apprentice to the
sea service, it shall be lawful for the widow or the executor or adminis-
trator of such deceased master to assign the indenture of any such ap-
prentice for the residue of the term then unexpired therein to any master
or owner of any such shij) not having the complement of apprentices as
hereinafter required ; all which assignments, if executed within the limits
of the port of London, shall be attested by the said registrar or one of his
assistants or clerks, and if at any other port shall be attested by the col-
lector or comptroller of customs of such ports. *^S 28.
Parish Officers to prepare Indentures, Constable to convey Appren-
tice.— Such overseers or other persons shall cause the indentures of ap-
prenticeship to be prepared and transmitted in duplicate, if the master or
owner of the ship to whom such apprentice is to be bound be or reside
within the limits of the port of London, to the said registrar, and if at
any other port, to the collector or comptroller of customs at such port;
and the saul overseers or other persons shall cause each such poor boy to
be conveyed to such place by the constable and at the expense of the
parish or township sending him thilher, and shall also, upon the execu-
■22 SEA APPRENTICES. [1837-8.
tiou by the master of the counterpart of the indentures, cause to be paid
down to the master 5/., to be expended in providing such boy with neces-
sary sea clothint^ and bedding ; which sum, as well as the expenses to
be incurred in the conveyance of the boy, shall, when paid, be allowed to
them in their accounts of moneys expended in relation to the poor. § 29.
Hotc cnuntei'jarts of Indentures to be atteated. — The counterparts of
all such indentures shall, if the master be or reside wiihin the limits of
the port of London, be executed in the presence of and attested by the
said registrar or one of his assistants or clei-ks, and if at any other port,
by the collector or comptroller of customs at such port, and also in both
cases by the constable or other officer who shall convey such apprentices
thither, and such indentures shall bear date respectively on the days on
which they are executed : and the constable on his return shall deliver
such counterparts to the overseers or other persons as aforesaid, to be by
them registered and preserved. ^^ 30.
Number 'Y Apprentices for each Ship. — The master of every ship be-
longing to any subject of the United Kingdom, and of the burthen of
eighty tons and upwards, shall have on board thereof, at the time of clear-
ing out from any port of the United Kingdom, one apprentice or more,
in the following proportions to the number of tons of his ship's admea-
surement, according to the certificate of registi*y, viz., every ship of
Tons. Tons.
80 and under 200 .. 1 apprentice at least.
200 „ 400 .. 2 "
400 „ 500 .. 3
500 „ 700 .. 4
700 and upwards .. 5 „
all of whom at the period of their being bound respectively shall have
been under seventeen years of age, and shall have been duly bound for the
terra of four years at the least : and if any such master shall neglect to
have on board his ship the number of apprentices as hereby required, he
shall for every such offence forfeit 10/. in respect of each apprentice so
deficient. ^ 31.
Contributions for Hospitals. — No apprentice bound or assigned pur-
suant to this Act, nor any master or owner in respect of any such appren-
tice, shall be liable to the payment of any contribution towards the support
of any hospital or institution. ^ 32.
Indentures and Assignments to be registered, and Lists transmitted. —
The registrar in London, and the collector and comptroller of customs at
each other port shall, in a book to be kept for that purpose, cause to be
entei-ed from time to time all such indentures and assignments of parish
apprentices, specifying therein the dates thereof, the names and ages of
the apprentices, the parishes or places whence sent, the names and re-
sidences of the masters to whom bound or assigned, and the names, ports,
and burthen of the respective ships to which such masters belong, and
shall make and subscribe on each indenture or assignment an indorse-
ment purporting that the same hath been duly registered pursuant to
this Act ; and every such collector and comptroller shall also at the end
of each quarter of the year transmit a list of the indentures and assign-
ments so registered by him within the preceding quarter, containing all
the particulars aforesaid, to the registrar, for the purposes of this Act.
SS33.
How Indentures of voluntary Apprentices to beregistered. Lists trans-
mitted, and Assignments made.— In eveiy case of a person voluntarily
binding himself apprentice to the sea service the indentures to be exe-
cuted on such occasions shall be registered in a book to be kept for that
puj-pose by the registrar in London and by tlie collector aiul comptroller
of customs at each other port at which tlie indenture shall be executed,
in which book shall be expressed the dates of the several indentures, the
1 837-8.] SEA APPRENTICES. 23
names and a<zesof the apprentices, the names and residence of their mas-
ters, and (if known) ihe names, port, and burthen of the several ships on
board which they are respectively to serve : and such registrar and col-
lector or comptroller respectively shall indorse and subscribe upon each
indenture a certificate purporting that the same hath been duly registered
pursuant to this Act, and the collector and comptroller shall also at the
end of each quarter of the year transmit a list of the indentures so regis-
tered by them within the preceding quarter, containing all the particulars
aforesaid, to the registrar for the purposes of this Act : and it shall be
lawful for the master, or in case of his death, his executor or administra-
tor, with the consent of the apprentice if of the age of seventeen years or
upwards, and if under that age with the consent of his parent or guard-
ian, to assign or transfer the indenture of any such apprentice to any
other person who may be the master or owner of any registered ship ; and
all such voluntary apprentices may, during the term for which they shall
be bound, be employed in any ship of which the master of any such ap-
prentice may be the master or owner : Provided, that every such assign-
ment shall be registered and indorsed by the registrar, or by the collector
or comptroller of customs at the port where the master shall be resident,
or to which his ship shall belong, in which latter case the collector or
comptroller shall notify the same to the registrar, as is hereinbefore pro-
vided with regard to the indenture of such apprentice. ^^ 34.
Stamp Duly. — All agreements with the crew of a ship made in pur-
suance of this Act, and all indentures of parish and voluntary appren-
tices to the sea service, and all counterparts and assignments of such in-
dentures to be respectively executed alter the passing of this Act, shall
be wholly exempt from stamp duty. ^ 35.
Masters neglecting to resister Indentures, or sufferi7tg Apprentice to
quit Service. — If any master to whom any apprentice mentioned in this
Act shall be bound or assigned shall neglect to cause the indenture or the
assignment thereof (as the case may be) to be registered as required by
this Act, or shall, after the ship shall have cleared outwards on the voyage
upon which such ship may be bound, suffer his apprentice to quit his ser-
vice (not entering into that of His Majest^i), except in case of death, de-
sertion, sickness, or other unavoidable cause, to be certified in the log-book
of the ship, every such master shall for everv such oftence forfeit 10/.
§36.
Justices to determine Complaints. — Two or more justices of the peace
residing at or near to any port at which any ship h'iving on board thereof
any sea apprentice, shall at any time arrive, shall have full power and
authority to inquire into and determine all claims of apprentices upon
their masters under their indentures, and all complaints of hard or ill-
usage exercised by their respective masters towards any such their ap-
prentices, or of misbehaviour on the part of any such apprentice, and to
make such orders therein as they are empowered by law to do in other
cases between masters and apprentices. \J 37.
Entering Royal ^avy. liases. — No parish or voluntary apprentice
to the sea service shall be at liberty to enter into the naval service
of His Majesty during the period of his apprenticeship without the
consent of his master : but if, nevertheless, he shall voluntarily enter on
board any of His Majesty's ships of war, and shall be allowed by his
master to continue therein, such master, in case he shall give notice to
the Secretary of the Admiralty of his consent to his apprentice remain-
ing in His Majesty's service during the residue of the term of his ap-
prenticeship, shall, upon the production of his indenture, be entitled, at
the time of paying off the ship, to receive to his own use any balance of
wages that may be then due to any such apprentice up to the period of
the expiration of his indenture. § 39.
24 PASSENGERS. [1837-8.
PASSENGERS.
Former Act. — The Act 9 Geo. IV. o. 21, to regulate the cavriagc of
passengers, i?, repealed. 5 and 6 Will. IV. c. 53. § ]. (31 Aug. 1835.)*
Proportion of Passcii<xers. Height between Decks. Number of
Berths, and Height of Floor. — No ship carrying passengers from any
place in the United Kingdom, or in the islands of Guernsey, Jersey,
Aldcrney, Sark, or Man, on any voyage to or for any place out of Europe,
and not being within the Mediterranean Sea, shall proceed on her voyage
with more persons on board than in the proportion of three persons for
every five tons of the registered burthen of such ship, the master and
crew being included in and forming a part of such prescribed number;
and no such ship having more than one deck shall carry any passengers
upon any such voyage unless she shall be of the height of five feet and
a half at the least between decks ; and no such ship having only one
deck shall carry any passengers upon any such voyage unless a platform
shall be laid beneath such deck in such a manner as to aiford a space of
the height of at least five feet and a half, and no such ship shall have
more than two tiers of berths; and no such ship having two tiers of
berths shall carry any passengers on any such voyage unless there shall
be an interval of six inches at the least between the deck or platform
and the lloor of the lower tier throughout the wliole extent thereof: Pro-
vided, that whatever may be the tonnage of the ship, no greater number
of ])ersons as passengers shall be taken on board than shall be after the
rate of one such person for every ten superficial feet of the lower deck or
platform unoccupied by goods or stores, not being the personal luggage
of such persons, if such ship shall not have to pass the Line on her voy-
age, or after the rate of one such person for every fifteen such clear
superficial feet if such ship shall have to pass the Line. § 2.
Quantity of Water and Prcmisions. — No ship carrying passengers on
any such voyage shall be cleared out for such voyage from any port in
the United Kingdom, or in the said islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney,
Sark, or Man, unless there be actually laden and on board such ship
good and wholesome provisions for the use and consumption of the pas-
sengers, over and above the victualling of the crew, to the amount or
in the proportion following ; viz. a supply of pure water to the amount
of five gallons to every week of the computed voyage for every passenger
on board such ship, such water being carried in tanks or sweet casks,
and a supply of bread, biscuit, oatmeal, or bread stuff's to the amount of
7lb. to every week of the computed voyage for every such passenger :
Provided that to the extent of one-third of such supply, and no more, 7 lb.
of potatoes may be deemed and computed to be equivalent to \lb. of
bread, biscuit, oatmeal, or bread stulls in the supply of any ship bound
to some place in North America : Provided also, that when any ship
shall be destined to call at a place in the course of her voyage for the
purpose of filling up her water, a supply of water at the rate before
mentioned for every week of the computed voyage to such place of calling
shall be deemed to be a compliance with the provisions of this Act. jj 3.
Computed number of Weeks for J'oi/age. — The number of weeks
deemed to be necessary for the voyage of any such ship, according to her
destination, shall be determined by the following rule of computation ;
viz : —
For a voyage to North America, ten weeks :
to South America on the Atlantic Ocean, or to the west
coast of Africa, twelve weeks :
* liy CO., Ainil 1, 1337, tlio aljuvc Act is> nut to apply tu Foreign ships.
1837-8.] PASSENGERS. 25
Fur a voyage to the Cape of Good Hopo, fifteen weeks :
to tlie Mauritius, cii^hteen weeks:
For any other voyatie, twenty-four weeks, v^ 4.
Officers ofCuxtouis to ^',?Y/?/n'/^^.— Before any such ship shall be cleared
out fur the voyap;e, the oilicers of customs shall survey, or cause to bo
surveyed by some competent person, the provisions and water herein-
before re(iuired for the consumption of the passengers, and shall ascertain
that the same are in a sweet and good condition, and shall also ascertain
that, over and above the same, there is on board an ample supply of water
and stores for the victualling of the crew of the ship ; and such oilicers
shall also ascertain that the directions hereinbefore contained in respect
of the situations of berths have been complied with. ^^ o.
A Tahhr nf the Prices of Pro ri sinus. — The master of every such ship
shall cause a table to be drawn up of the respective prices at which any
provisions or stores that may be sold by any person on board to any of
the passengers during the voyage are to be supplied; and a copy of the
same, printed or written in a fair and legible manner, shall be affixed
in some convenient and conspicuous place on board the said ship for the
perusal of all parties, and the same shall be maintained for continual
reference as well during the period in which passengers shall be engaged
as during the whole of the voyage ; and no higher prices than are stated
in such table shall in any case be charged for such provisions or stores
as may bo so supplied during the voyage: Provided, that nothing herein
shall be construed as requiring the nuistcr of any ship to provide pro-
visions or stores for the purpose of sale to any passengers who may have
contracted to victual themselves during the voyage. § G.
How Scd-icortliiness of S/iip may be ascertained. — If doubts shall
arise whether any ship about to proceed with passengers.is sea-worthy,
so as to be fit for her intended voyage, and such doubts shall not be re-
moved to the satisfaction of the collector and comptroller of the customs
at the port from which such vessel is to be cleared out, it shall be lawful
for such collector and comptroller at any time to cause such ship to be
surveyed by two competent persons ; and if it be reported by those
persons that such ship is not in their opinion sea-worthy with reference
to such voyage, such ship shall not be cleared out unless the contents of
such re|)ort be disproved to the satisfaction of the commissioners of cus-
toms, or until such ship shall have been rendered sea worthy. )J 7.
Copies or Abstracts of Act. — Two copies of this Act, or abstracts of the
same, provided and issued by the authority of the commissioners of cus-
toms, and authenticated by the signature of the collector or comptroller
of customs at the port of clearance of the ship, shall be delivered to the
master, on demand, liy such collector or comptroller at the time of clear-
ance, and shall be kept on board every ship proceeding with passengers as
aforesaid, and one of such copies or abstracts shall, upon request made
at seasonable times, to the master of the ship, be produced to any pas-
senger for his perusal. \^ 8.
Medical Man, Medicines, c^r. — No ship carrying passengers in any
such voyage to any such place, except any place in North America, if
the number of such passengers shall amount to or exceed one hundred,
shall clear out for such voyage from any port in the United Kingdom,
or in the said islands of Guernsey, Jeisey, Alderney, Sark, or Man,
unless there be rated upon the ship's company, and be actually serving
on board such ship, some person duly authorized by law to i)ractise in
this kingdom as a physician or surgeon or apothecary, and no such ship
shall actually put to sea or proceed on such Toyage unless such medical
])ractitiuner shall be therein, and shall bond Jide proceed on such voyage,
taking with him a medicine chest, and a proper supply of medicines,
instruments, and other things suitable to the intended voyage; and no
ship carrying passengers under the provisions of this Act shall clear out
26 PASSENGERS. [1837-8.
for any voyago fi'ora any such port unless there shall be actually laden
and on board such ship medicines and other things necessary lor the
medical trealmouto'l'the passengers on iioardduring such intended voyage,
and available ibr that purpose, nor unless sucli medicines and other
things shall be adequate in amount and kind to the probal)le exigencies
of any such vovage ; and, together wilh such medicines and other things,
shall also bo put on board every such ship previously to her clearing out
for any such voyage, a certificate under the hands of any two or more such
medical practitioners, to the effect that such medicines and other things
have been inspected by them, and are, in their judgment, adequate to
meet any such prol>able exigencies as aforesaid. § 9.
Spirits; as StoiTs. — No ship carrying passengers to any place as afore-
said shall be cleared out if there be laden on board such ship by way
of stores, over and above the stores proper for the crew of such ship, any
quantity of spirits or strong waters beyond one-tenth part of such quantity
as would, except for this restriction, be allowed by the officers of customs
upon the victualling Ijill of such ship for the outward voyage only, ac-
cording to the number of persons going the voyage. ^S 10.
List of Passengers, and Counterpart, at Port of Landinir.- — The
master of every ship carrying passengers on any such voyage shall, be-
fore clearing out his ship for such voyage from any place in the United
Kingdom, or in the islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, or Man,
deliver to the collector or other principal officer of customs at such place,
a list in writing, together with a duplicate of the same, specifying, as
accurately as may be, the names, ages, and professions or occupations
of all the passengers on board sucdi ship, with the name of the place at
which the master hath contracted to land each of the passengers ; and
such collector or other chief olficer of customs shall thereupon deliver
to the master a counterpart of such list signed by the collector or other
chief officer; and the m.aster shall exhibit the counterpart of his list to
the collector or other chief officer of customs at any place in His Majesty's
possessions, or to His Majesty's consul at any Ibreign port, at which the
passengers, or any of them, shall be landed, and shall deposit the same
with such collector or chief officer of customs, or such consul, as the case
may be, at his final port of discharge in the said possessions. § 11.
Improperly landing Passengers. — The master of any ship carrying
any passengers as aforesaid shall not, w'ilhout his or her previous consent,
land or put on shore any passenger at any place other than the place at
which he may have contracted to land, or put such passenger on shore.
S^ 12.
Hoiv Children are to be eomputed.- — For the purpose and within the
meaning of this Act, two children, each being under the age of fourteen
years, but above the age of seven years : or three children, each being
under the age of seven years, shall in all cases be computed as one person
only; and children under the age of twelve months shall not be included
in the computation of the number of persons, vji 13.
Detention. — If any ship shall not actually put to sea and proceed upon
any such intended voyage on the day for that purpose appointed by any
contract made by the owner, master, or charterer of such ship, or by their
agent, with any passenger who shall on that day be on board the same,
or ready lo proceed on such intended voyage, then the master of such
ship shall pay to each such passenger as shall have contracted to victual
himself a fine, to be computed at the rate of 1*. in respect of each day
during which he or she shall be so detained previously to the actuul
clearing out and final departure of such ship on such voyage, and the
same may be recovered daily ; and the master of such ship shall victual
each such passenger as shall have contracted to be victualled by the
ship-owner on and from the day which shall be so appointed: Provided,
that no such fine shall be incurred in respect of any detention of any such
1837-8.] PASSENGERS. 27
vessel which shall be so detained by stress of weather or other unavoidable
cause, s^ 14.
How Passengers to be maintained forty-eight Hours after Arrival. —
At the close of any such voyage every person arriving as a passenger at
any place shall, during the space of forty-eight hours next afier sucli
arrival, be entitled to continue on board such ship, and to be provided for
and maintained on board the same in such manner as during such voyage,
unless in any case it shall have been expressly agreed between any such
passenger and the master of such ship that such passenger shall not be
entitled to such provision or maintenance during the said period of forty-
eight hours, or unless in the ulterior prosecution of her voyage any such
ship shall quit any such place within the period of forty-eight hours. ^S 15.
Infringement. — In case of the infringement of any of the aforesaid
enactments, the master of any such ship shall for each such offence be
liable, on summary conviction, to the payment of a fine of not less than
5/. nor more than liO/. sterling British money. ^J 16.
Right of Action. — Nothing herein contained shall take away or abridge
any right of suit or action which may accrue to any passenger ni any such
ship, or to any other person, in respect of the breach or non-perforraanco
of any contract made between or on the behalf of any sucli passenger or
other person, and the master, or owners of any such ship. ^S 1 7.
Bond for due performance of Rules. Stamps. Limitation of Pro-
secutions.— Before any ship carrying passengers shall clear out for any
such voyage from any place in the United Kingdom, or in the islands of
Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, or Man, to or for any place out of
Europe, and not being in the Mediterranean Sea, the master of the ship
shall enter into a bond to His Majesty, witli one good and suflicient
surety, to be approved by the collector or other chief officer of customs at
such port, in the sum of lOOt)/., the condition of which bond shall be that
the said ship is seaworthy, and that all the rules made by this act for
the carriage of passengers shall be well and truly performed before and
during such intended voyage, and that all penalties, fines, and forfeitures
whicli the master of such ship may be sentenced or adjudged to pay for
the breach or non-performance, before or during such voyage, of any such
rules, shall be well and truly paid : Provided always, that such bond shall
be without stamps, and that no such bond shall be put in suit, and that
no prosecution shall be brought under this act, or by reason of the breach
of any of the provisions thereof, in any of His Majesty's possessions
abroad after tlie expiration of twelve calendar months next succeeding
the commencement of any such voyage, nor in the United Kingdom or
any of the islands before mentioned after the expiration of twelve calen-
dar months next after the return of the muster to the place from which
he sailed on such voyage. § 19.
Exceptions. — Nothing in this act shall extend to ships carrying pas-
sengers in cases in which the number of persons, computed in nuunu r
hereinbeibre provided, shall not exceed one person for every fne tons of
the registered burden of such ship ; nor shall any thing in this act ex-
tend to any shij) in the service of the lords commissioners of His Majes-
ty's admiralty, or in the service of His Majesty's postmaster-general, or
in the service of the East India Company, v,^ -iO.
Bahama'^, ^'C. — The Bahama islands, and all places in America south-
ward of the same, shall be deemed to be in South America for the pur-
poses of this act. iJ 21.
SMUGGLING.
[Dr. Johnson defines a smuggler as " A wretch, who in defiance of justice
and the laws, imports or exports goods either contrahaud, or without pay-
ment of the customs." And Adam Smith says, "smuggling is the most ha-
zardous of all trades, and the infallible road to bankruptcy."
28 SMUGGLING. [1837-8.
The regulations under this title are restricted to those only that are applicable
to persons pursuing smuggling as a trade.
In other instances, such as a mere inadvertency, or a casual slip of moral dutj',
they will be found in Part II., imdcr Imports. — Entry, or Baggage. — Ed.^
Vessels with Materials for Smuggling. — If any vessel not being
square-rigged, or any boat, either belonging in the whole or in part to
His Majesty's subjects, or having half the persons on board subjects of
His Majesty, be found or discovered to have been within one hundred
leagues of the coast of the United Kingdom; or if any vessel either
belonging in the whole or in part to His Majesty's subjects, or having
half tiie persons on board subjects of His Majesty, or any foreign vessel
not being square-rigi^ed, or any foreign boat, in which there shall be one
or more subjects of His Majesty, be found or discovered to have been
within four leagues of that part of the United Kingdom which is hetwecii
the North Foreland on the coast of Kent, and Beachy Head on the coast
of Sussex, or within eight leagues of any other part of the coast of the
United Kingdom ; or if any foreign vessel or boat be found or discovered
to have been within one league of the coast of the United Kingdom ; or if
any vessel or boat be found or discovered to have been within one league
of the islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, or Man respectively,
or within any bay, harbour, river, or creek, of or belonging to any one
of the said islands ; any such vessel or boat so found or discovered,
having on board or in any manner attached thereto, or having had on
board or in any manner attached thereto, or conveying or having con-
veyed in any manner, any spirits not being in a cask or package contain-
ing 40 gallons at the least, or any tea exceeding 6 pounds weight in the
whole, or any tobacco or snufFnot being in a cask or package containing
450 lb. at least, or being packed separately in any manner within anv
cask or package, or any cordage or other articles adapted and pirepared
for slinging or sinking small casks, or any casks or other vessels what-
soever of less size or content than 40 gallons, of the description used for
the smuggling of spirits, then and in every such case the said spirits, tea,
tobacco, or snuff, together with the casks or packages containing the
same, and the cordage or other articles, casks, and other vessels of the
description aforesaid, and also the vessel or boat, shall be forfeited. 3 Sc 4
Win. IV., c. 53. ^2.
T'essels or Boats, /taring prohibited Goods on board or attached
thereto. — If any vessel or boat whatever arrive, or be found or discovered
to have been within any port, harbour, river, or creek of the United
Kingdom, not being driven thereinto by stress of weather or other una-
voidable accident, having on board or in any manner attached thereto, or
having had on board or in any manner attached thereto, or conveying or
having conveyed in any manner, within any such port, harbour, river,
or creek, any spirits not being in a cask or package containing 40 gallons
at the least, or any tobacco or snuft'not being in a cask or package con-
taining 450 lb. weight at least, or being packed separately in any
manner within any cask or package, every such vessel or boat, together
with such spirits or tobacco or snuff, shall be forfeited : Provided, that if
it be made appear to the satisfaction of the commissioners of customs that
the said spirits, tobacco, or snuff were on board without the knowledge or
privity of the owner or master of such vessel or boat, and without any
wilful neglect or want of reasonable care on their or either of their
behalves, that then and in such case the said commissioners arc hereby
authorized and required to deliver up the vessel or boat to the owner or
master of the same. ^ 3.
Exceptions. — Nothing herein contained shall extend to render any
vessel liable to forfeiture on account of any tobacco or snuft" from the
East Indies being in packages of 100 lb, each at least, or on account of
1837-S.] SMUGGLING. 29
any cigars being in packages of 100 lb. each at least, or on account of
any tobacco made up in rolls, being the produce of and imported from the
state of Columbia, and in packages containing 320 lb. ea<di at least, or
on account of any tobacco of the dominions of tlie Turkish Empire which
may be separated or divided in any manner within the outward package,
provided such package be a hogshead, cask, chest, or case containing
450 lb. net at least, or on account of any rum of and from the British
plantations in casks containing 20 gallons at the least, or on account of
any spirits, tea, or tobacco really intended for the consumption of the
seamen and passengers on board during their voyage, and not being
more in quantity than is necessary for that purpose, or to render any
square-rigged vessel liable to forfeiture on account of any tea, or of any
spirits in glass bottles, being really part of the cargo of such ship and
included in the manifest of such ship, or to render any vessel liable to
forfeiture if really bound from one foreign port to another foreign port,
and pursuing such voyage, wind and weather permitting''.
Vessels not bringing to upon Signals, or throwing Goods overboard
durmg Chase. — When any vessel or boat belonging in the wliole or in
part to His Majesty's subjects, or having one half of the persons on
board subjects of His Majesty, shall be found within one hundred leagues
of the coast of this kingdom, and shall not bring to upon signal made by
any vessel or boat in His Majesty's service, or in the service of the
revenue, hoisting the proper pendant and ensign, in order to bring such
vessel or boat to, and thereupon chase shall be given, if any person on
board such vessel or boat shall, during the chase or before such vessel or
boat shall bring to, throw overboard any part of the lading of such vessel
or boat, or shall stave or destroy any part of such lading, to prevent
seizure thereof, the vessel or boat shall be forfeited ; and all persons
escaping from such vessels or boats, or from any foreign vessel or boat,
during any chase made thereof by any vessel or boat in His Majesty's
service or in the service of the revenue, shall be deemed to be subjects of
His Majesty, unless it be proved to the contrary. ^S 5.
Vessels in. Port with Cargo unaccounted for. — If any vessel or boat
whatever be found within the limits of any port of the United Kingdom
with a cargo on board, and such vessel or boat afterwards be found
light or in ballast, and the master is unable to give a due account of the
place within the United Kingdom where such vessel or boat shall have
legally discharged her cargo, such vessel or boat shall be forfeited. § G.
Vessels not bringing to on being Chased. Firing at. — In case any
vessel or boat liable to seizure or examination under any act for the pre-
vention of smuggling shall not bring to on being required so to do, on
being chased by any vessel or boat in His Majesty's navy having the
proper pendant and ensign of His Majesty's ships hoisted, or by any
vessel or boat duly employed for the prevention of smuggling, having a
proper pendant and ensign hoisted, it shall be lawful for the captain or
master of such vessel or boat in His Majesty's navy, or employed as
aforesaid, (first causing a gun to be fired as a signal,) to fire at or into
such vessel or boat ; and such captain or master is indemnified from any
indictment, penally, or other proceeding for so doing. ^S 8.
Vessels hoisting Pendant, Ensign, <^'C. — If any person shall wear,
• By 4 & 5 Will. IV. c. 89, \ 9, nothing in the .ibove act sh;iU extend to render any vessel of
not less th;in 20 tons burthen li;ible toforleitiire on account of any si>irits iu glass bottles, or to
render any vessel of not less than 120 tons burthen liable to forfeiture on account of any tobacco
the produce of and coniinj; direct from Mexico or the coutinent of South America, or from the
islands of Saint Domingo and Cuba, iu packages of not less than 80 i>ounds wei;^ht each, and
spirits and tobacco being really part of the cargo of such ship, and included in the manifest
thereof.
By 6 & 7 Will. IV. c. 60, § II, in all cases where casks or packages containing spirits, tobacco,
or .snulT, found on board vessels within any such distances, are of sucli size or dimensions as
may bo legally imported into the United Kiugdom, no such forfeiture, deteuliou and prosecu-
tion shall take place.
30 SMUGGLING.' [1837-8.
cany, or hoist in or on board any vessel or boat whatever belonginf^ to any
of His Majesty's subjects, whether the same be merchant or otherwise,
without particuhir warrant from His Majesty or the Admiralty of Great
Britain, His Majesty's Jack, commonly called The Union Jack, or any
pendant, ensign, or colours usually worn by His Majesty's ships, or any
flag, jack, pendant, ensign, or colour, resembling those of His Majesty, or
those used on board His Majesty's ships, or any other ensign or colours
than the ensign or colours by any proclamation of His Majesty now in
force or hereafter to be issued prescribed to be worn, then the master or
the owners being on board the same, and every other person so offending,
shall forfeit C^OL; and it shall be lawful for any officer of His Majesty's
navy, on full pay, or for any officer of customs or excise, to enter on board
any such vessel or boat, and to seize any such flag or colours, and the
same shall thereupon be forfeited. § 9.
Vessels and Boats used in Removal of Goods. — All vessels and boats
made use of in the removal, carriage, or conveyance of any goods liable
to forfeiture under any Act relating to the revenue of customs, shall be
forfeited. § 10.
Vessels not square-rigged having Goods in secret Places. — Foreign
vessels or boats not being square-rigged, coming to or arriving at any
port of the United Kingdom, having on board any goods liable to the
payment of duties, or prohibited to be imported into the United Kingdom,
concealed in false bulkheads, false bows, double sides or bottoms, or any
secret or disguised place whatsoever in the construction of the vessel or
boat, shall be forfeited. >? 14.
How Vessels may be searched within limits of Ports, as also Persoris
on board, or ivho may have landed from them. — It shall be lawful for
any officer of the army, navy, or marines, duly employed for tlie pre-
vention of smuggling, and on full pay, or for any officer of customs,
producing his warrant or deputation (if required), to go on board any
vessel which shall be within the limits of any of the ports of this king-
dom, and to rummage and to search the cabin and all other parts of such
vessel for prohibited and uncustomed goods, and to remain on board such
vessel during the whole time that the same shall continue within the
limits of such port, and also to search any person, either on board or wdio
shall have landed from any vessel, provided such officer shall have good
reason to suppose that such person have any uncustomed or prohibited
goods secreted about his or her person ; and if any person shall obstruct
any such officer in going or remaining on board, or in entering or search-
ing such vessel or person, every such person shall forfeit 100/. s^ 34.
Hou^ Persons may require to be taken before a Justice or Officer of
Customs, before searching. — Before any person shall be searched by any
such officer as aforesaid, it shall be lawful for such person to require such
officer to take him or her before any justice of the peace, or before the
collector, comptroller, or other superior officer of customs, who shall de-
termine whether there is reasonable ground to suppose that such person
has any uncustomed or prohibited goods about his or her person : and if
it shall appear to juch justice, collector, comptroller, or other superior
officer of customs, that there is reasonable ground to suppose that such
person has any uncustomed or prohibited goods about his or her person,
then such justice, collector, comptroller, or other superior officer of cus-
toms shall direct such person to be searched in such manner as he shall
think lit; but if it appear to such justice, collector, comptroller, or other
superior officer of customs that there is not reasonable ground to suppose
that such, person has any uncustomed or prohibited goods about his or
her person, then such justice, collector, comptroller, or other superior
officer of customs shall forthwith discharge such person, who shall not in
such case be liable to be searched ; and every such officer is hereby au-
thorized and required to take such person, upon demand, before any such
1837-8.] SMUGGLING. .31
justice, coUeolor, comptroller, or other superior ofilcor of customs, dotain-
in<x him or her in the moan time : Provided, that no person being a female
shall be searched by any other person than a female duly authorized for
that purpose by the commissioners of His Majesty's customs. \S 35.
Females. Misconduct «v to Searc/i.— If any such ollieer sliall not take
such person with reasonable despatch before such justice, collector, comp-
troller, or other superior oUicer of customs, when so required, or shall re-
quire any person to be searched by him, not having reasonable ground to
suppose that such person has any uncustomed or prohibited goods about
his or her person, that such officer shall forfeit and pay the sum of 1 0/.
§ 3r,.
Persons denying having Foreign Goods about them. — If any passen-
ger or other person on board any vessel or boat shall, upon being ques-
tioned by any officer of customs, whether he or she has any foreign goods
upon his or her person, or in his or her possession, deny the same, and
any such goods shall, after such denial, be discovered upon his or her
person, or in his or her possession, such goods shall be forfeited, and such
person shall forfeit treble the value of such goods. § 37.
Hoio Officers may search Houses for prohibited Goods, and. break open
Doors and Packages. — It shall be lawful for any officer of customs, or
person acting under the direction of the commissioners of customs, hav-
ing a writ of assistance vmder the seal of His Majesty's Court of Exche-
quer, to take a constahle, headborough, or other public officer inhabiting
near the place, and in the daytime to enter into and search any house,
shop, cellar, warehouse, room, or other place, and in case of resistance to
break open doors, chests, trunks, and other packages, there to seize and
thence to bring any uncustomed or prohibited goods, and to put and se-
cure the same in the custom-house warehouse in the port next to the
place from whence such goods shall be so taken as aforesaid : Provided
always, that for the purposes of this Act any such constahle, headborough,
or other public officer, duly sworn as such, may act as well without the
limits of any parish, ville, or other place for which he shall be so sworn as
within .such limits. § 38.
Duration of Writs of Assistance. — All writs of assistance so issued
from the Court of Exchequer shall continue in force during the whole of
the reign in which such writs shall have been granted, and for six months
from the conclusion of such reign. ^S 3'J.
Hoiv Officers may stop Carts, ^-c, and search for Goods. — It shall
be lawful for any officer of customs or excise, or other person acting in
his aid or assistance, or duly employed for the prevention of smuggling,
upon reasonable suspicion, to stop and examine any cart, waggon, or
other means of conveyance, for the purpose of ascertaining whether any
smuggled goods are contained therein ; and if no such goods be found,
then the officer or other person so stopping and examining such cart,
waggon, or other conveyance, having had probable cause to suspect that
such cart, waggon, or other conveyance had smuggled goods contained
therein, shall not, on account of such stoppage and search, he liable to
any prosecution or action at law on account thereof; and all persons
driving or conducting such cart, waggon, or other conveyance, refusing
to stop when required so to do in the king's name, shall forfeit 100^.
Where Police Officers seizing Goods are to lodge them. — If any goods
liable to forfeiture under this or any other act relating to the customs shall
be stopped or taken by any police officer or other person acting by virtue
of any act of parliament, or otherwise duly authorized, sucli goods
shall be carried to the custom-house warehouse next to the place v.-here
the goods were stopped or taken, and there delivered to the proper officer
appointed to receive the same, within forty-eight hours after the said goods
were stopped and taken. § 41.
32 SMUGGLING. [1837-8.
Hoiv goods stopped bt/ Police Officers may be retained until trial. — If
any such goods be stopped or taken by such police officer on suspicion
th;it the same have been feloniously stolen, it shall be lawful for the
otiiccr to carry the same to the police oflice to which the offender is taken,
there to remain until and in order to be produced at the trial of the said
offender; and in s\icli case the oflicer is required to give notice in writing
to the commissioners of customs of his having so detained the goods, witli
the particulars of the same ; and immediately after the trial all such
goods are to be conveyed and deposited in the custom-house warehouse as
aforesaid, to be proceeded against according to law; and in case any police
officer making detention of any such goods shall neglect to convey the
same to such warehouse, or to give the notice of having stopped the same
as before described, such ofKcer shall forfeit 20/. ij 42.
Persons rtushipping, harbouring, or having Custody of Prohibited or
Unri/,sto?ned or Warehoused Goods. — Every person who shall, either in
the United Kingdom or the Isle of Man, assist or be otherwise concerned
in the unshipping of any goods which are prohibited to be imported into
the United Kingdom or into the Isle of Man, or the duties for which have
not been paid or secured, or Mho shall knowingly harbour, keep, or con-
ceal, or shall knowingly permit or sutler to be harboured, kept, or con-
cealed, any goods which shall have been illegally unshipped without pay-
ment of duties, or which shall have been illegally removed, without pay-
ment of the same, from any warehouse or place of security in which they
may have been deposited, or any goods prohibited to be imported, or to
be used or consumed in the United Kingdom or in the Isle of Man, and
every person, either in the United Kingdom or the Isle of Man, to whose
hands and possession any such uncustomed or prohibited goods shall
knowingly come, or who shall assist or be in anywise concerned in the
illegal removal of any goods from any warehouse or place of security in
wiiich they shall have been deposited as aforesaid, shall forfeit either the
treble value thereof, or the penalty of 100/. at the election of the commis-
sioners of customs. § 44.
Hotv Value to be ascertained — In all cases where any penalty the
amount of which is to be determined by the value of any goods is directed
to be sued for under any law now in force or hereafter to be made for the
prevention of smuggling, or relating to the revenue of customs or excise,
such value shall be deemed to be according to the rate and price which
goods of the like sort and of the best quality bear at such time, and upon
which the duties due upon importation have been paid. 5J 45.
Insuring Delivery of Prohibited or Uncustomed Goods. — Every per-
son who by way of insurance or otherwise shall undertake or agree to de-
liver anv goods to be imported from beyond the seas into any place in the
United Kingdom without paying the duties due on such importation, or
any prohibited goods, or who in pursuance of such insurance or otherwise
shall deliver or cause to be delivered any vmcustomcd or prohibited goods,
and every aider or abettor of such person, shall for every such offence
forfeit 500/. over and above any other penalty to which by law he may
be liable ; and every person who shall agree to pay any money for the
insurance or conveyance of such goods, or shall receive or take such goods
into his custody or possession, or suffer the same to be so received or
taken, shall also forfeit 500/. over and above any penalty to which bylaw
he maybe liable on account of such goods. § 46.
Offering goods for sale as being run or prohibited. ~1? any ])evson
offer for sale any goods under pretence that the same are prohibited, or
have been unshipped and run on shore without payment of duties, then
all such goods (although not liable to any duties, or prohibited) shall be
forfeited, and the person, and every of them, offering the same for sale,
shall forfeit the treble value of such goods, or the penalty of 100/., at the
election of the commissioners of customs. ^^ 47.
1837-8.] SMUGGLING. 33
Persons discovered lo JiitvebcP)} onboard J'essels /iah/j to Forfeiture'
Justice of Pence. — Every person, beinj:; a subject of His ?'ilajesty, who
shall be found to have been on board any vessel or boat liable to forfeiture
for being found to have been within any of the places in this Act men-
tioned, from or in the United Kingdom, or from or in the Isle of Man,
having on board or in any manner attached thereto, or having had ou
board or in any manner attached thereto, or conveying or having conveyed
in any manner, sucli goods as subject such vessel or boat to forfeiture, or
who shall be found or discovered to have been, within any such distance,
ou board any vessel or boat from which any part of the cargo or lading of
such vessel or boat shall have been thrown overboard, or staved or de-
stroyed, to prevent seizure, shall forfeit 100/.; and every person, not being
a subject of His Majesty, who shall be found to have been on board any
vessel or boat liable to forfeiture for any of the causes aforesaid, within
one league of the coast of the United Kingdom or of the Isle of Man, or
within any bay, harbour, river, or creek of the said island, shall forfeit
for such otfence 100/.; and it shall be lawful for any officer of the army,
navy, or marines, being duly employed for the prevention of smuggling,
and on full pay, or any officer of customs or excise, or other person acting
in his aid, or duly employed for the jn-evention of smuggling, to detain
every such person, and to convey such person before any justice of the
peace in the United Kingdom, to be dealt with as directed : Pi'ovided
always, that any such person proving, to the satisfaction of any justice
before whom he may bo brought, that he was only a passenger in such
vessel or boat, and had no interest whatever either in the vessel or boat,
or in the cargo, or any goods on board the same, shall be forthwith dis-
charged by such justices. ^S 48,
Persons unshipping, or concerned in the carrying aioay or concealing
Spirits or Tobacco. — Every person whatsover who shall unship, or be
concerned in the unshipping of any spirits or tobacco liable to forfeiture
either in the United Kingdom or the Isle of Man, or who shall convey,
or conceal, or be concerned in the conveying or concealing of any such
spirits or tobacco, shall forfeit for such offence 100/,; and every such per-
son may be detained by any oificer of His Majesty's army, navy, or ma-
rines, being duly employed for the prevention of smuggling, and on full
pay, or by any officer of customs or excise, or other persons acting in his
aid, or duly employed for the prevention of smuggling, and taken before
any justice of the peace in the United Kingdom, to be dealt with as here-
in after directed. ^ 49. '
Persons carnjing, i^-c. Tea or Manufactured Silk. Justice of Peace.
—Every person whatsoever who shall unship, or be aiding, or concerned
in the unshipping of any tea or foreign manufactured sUk of the value
of 20/., liable to forfeiture, or who shall convey, or be concerned in the
conveying, or concealing of such tea or silk, shall forfeit for every such
offence treble the value thereof ; and every such person shall and may
be detained by any officer or officers of His Majesty's army, navy, or
marines, being duly employed for the prevention of smuggling, and ou
full pay, or by any officer of customs or excise, or by any other person
acting in his aid or assistance, or duly employed for the prevention of
smuggling, and taken before any justice of the peace in the United
Kingdom, to be dealt with as herein-after directed: Provided, that it shall
be lawful for such person so detained to give security in treble the amount
of the goods seized, by recognizance or otherwise, to the satisfaction of
such justice of the peace, to appear at a time and place to be appointed ;
and no such person shall be liable to serve His Majesty in his naval ser-
vice. ^S 50.
Houi Justices may order persons to be detained a reasojialde time.—
And whereas it is expedient that time should be allowed to prepare in-
formations, convictoins, and warrants of commitment j it is therefore
D
34 SMUGGLING. [1837-8.
enacted, that when any person shall have heen detained hy any officer of
the army, navy, or marines, being dnly employed for the prevention of
smuggling, and on full ]>ay, or by any officer of customs or excise, or any
person or persons acting in his aid or assistance, or duly employed for the
prevention of smuggling, for any offence under this or any other Act
relating to the customs, and shall have been taken and carried before any
justice of the peace, if it appear to such justice that there is reasonable
cause to detain such person, such justice is hereby authorized and required
to order such person to be detained a reasonable time, and at the expira-
tion of such time to be brought before any two justices of the peace, who
are hereby authorized and required finally to hear and determine the
matter. ^^51.
Any person liable to be arrested, making his Escape. — If any person
liable to be detained under the provisions of this or any other Act re-
lating to the customs shall not be detained at the time of so committing
the offence for which he is so liable, or after detention shall make his
escape, it shall be lawful for any olficer of the army, navy, or marines,
heing duly employed for the prevention of smuggling, and on full pay,
or for any officer of customs or excise, or any other person acting in his
aid or assistance, or duly employed for the prevention of smuggling, to
detain such person at any time afterwards, and to carry him before any
justice of the peace, to be dealt with as if detained at the time of com-
mitting the said offence. § 52.
Signals to Smugglers. Justice of Peace. — No ])erson shall, after
sunset and before sunrise between the 21st September and 1st April, or
after the hour of eight in the evening and before the hour of six in the
morning at any other time in the year, make, aid, or assist in making,
any signal in or on board or from any vessel or boat, or on or from any
part of the coast or shore of the United Kingdom, or within six miles of
any part of such coasts or shores, for the purpose of giving any notice
to any person on board any smuggling vessel or boat, whether any person
so on board of such vessel or boat be or be not within distance to notice
any such signal ; and if any person, contrary to the true intent and
meaning of tliis Act, make or cause to be made, or aid or assist in making,
any such signal, such person so offending shall be guilty of a misde-
meanor ; and it shall be lawful for any person to arrest, and detain the
person who shall so offend, and convey such person before any one or
more of His Majesty's justices of the peace residing near the place where
such offence shall be committed, who, if he sees cause, shall commit the
oftender to the next county gaol, there to remain until the next court of
oyer ot terminer, great session, or gaol delivery, or until such person
shall be delivered by due course of law ; and it shall not be necessary
to prove on any indictment or information that any vessel or boat was
actually on the coast ; and the offenders being duly convicted thereof
shall, by order of the court before whom such offenders shall be convicted,
either forfeit lOt)/., or, at the discretion of such court, he sentenced or
committed to the common gaol or house of correction, there to be kept
to haiTl labour for any term not exceeding one year. § j3.*
* By 6 & 7 Will. IV. c. 60, § 9, when any person slmll liavR been duly convictcil of any of the
offences in llie said Act mentioned before any two justices of the jieaee within whose jurisdiction
there is no house of correction, such justices are authorised and required, by warrant under their
hands and s6als, to commit such offender to any of His Majesty's gaols within their jurisdiction
wherein the sentence of liard labour is or can be executed, or to the house of correction nearest
to the place where such olVender is convicted, for such time as is set forth in the said Act for a
first, second, and third otfence respectively ; and the governor or keeper of such house of cor-
rection is hereby required to receive such offender, and to obey such warrant in all respects as
if such house of correction was within the jurisdiction of tlie said justices.
How Miigisfrates to pruieid to cunriitwn in certain cases untlviut order frum Board of Customs.
— By § 10, whenever any person shall have been detained and taken before any justice of the
peace for unshipping, or for aiding, assisting, or being concerned in the unshipping, of any spirits
or tobacco liable to forfeiture, under any Act relating to the customs or excise, or for carrying,
conveying, or concealing, or for aiding, assisting, or being concerned ia the carrying, couveying
1837-8.] SMUGGLING. n.O
Prnnf nf Signals. — Tn case any person bo chargcil with or indicled for
havin<f mado or caused to be nuule, or been aidin<j; or assisting in niakinf^-,
any such siscnal as alurcsaid, the burthen of proof that such si<i,iial so
charfi,ed as liaving been made with intent and for the purpose of {5ivin<i;
such notice as aforesaid was not mado with such intent and for such
purpose, shall be upon the defendant against whom such charge is made
or such indictment is found. § 54.
How Persons may prevent Signals, and enter upon Lands. — It shall
be lawful for any person whatsoever to prevent any signal being made as
aforesaid, and to enter and go into and upon any lands for that purpose,
without being liable to any indictment, suit, or action for the same, s^ 55,
Resisting Officers, or rescuing or destroying Goods. — If any ])crson
whatsoever shall obstruct any officer of the army, navy, or marines,
being duly employed for the prevention of smuggling, and on full pay,
or any officer of customs or excise, or any person acting in his aid, or
duly employed for the prevention of smuggling, in the execution of his
duty, or in the due seizing of any goods liable to forfeiture by any ether
Act relating to the customs, or shall rescue any goods which have been
seized, or shall attempt to do so, or shall, before or at or after any seizure,
stave, break, or otherwise destroy any goods, to prevent the seizure thereof
or the securing the same, in such case the party or parties oifending shall
forfeit for every such offence 100/. § 5G.
Persons procaring others to act illegally. — Any person who shall by
any means procure or hire any person, or who shall depute, authorise, or
direct any person to procure or hire any person, to assemble for the pur-
pose of being concerned in the landing or unshipping or carrying or
conveying any goods which are prohibited to be imported, or the duties
for which have not been paid or secured, shall, for every person so pro-
cured or hired, forfeit 1 00/'. § 57.
Armed Persons assembled to assist in the Illegal Landing, or in
rescuing Goods seized. — If any persons to the number of three or more,
armed with fire-arras or other offensive weapons, shall, within the
United Kingdom, or within the limits of any port, harbour, or creek
thereof, be assembled in order to be aiding in the illegal landing, run-
ning, or carrying away of any prohibited goods, or any goods liable to any
duties which have not been paid or secured, or in rescuing or taking away
any such goods, after seizure, from the officer, or from any person em-
ployed by them or assisting them, or from the place where the same shall
have been lodged by them, or in rescuing any person who shall have
been apprehended for any of the oflences made felony by this or any act
relating to the customs, or in the preventing the apprehension of any
person who shall have been guilty of such offence, or in case any persons
to the number of three or more, so armed, shall, within the United King-
dom, or within the limits of any port, harbour, or creek thereof, be so
aiding, every person so offending, and every person aiding therein, shall,
being thereof convicted, be adjudged guilty of felony, and suffer death as
a felon, § 58.
Shooting at Boat belonging to Navy, or in Service of Revenue, ^^c. —
If any person maliciously shoot at any vessel or boat belonging to His
Majesty's navy, or in the service of the revenue, within 100 leagues of
any part of the coast of the United Kingdom, or shall maliciously shoot at,
or conceiiling of any such spirits or tobacco, and it sliuU ainx;ar to sucli justice tlist the quan-
tity or spirits in respect of wliicli sucli person has been so detained does not exceed one fjallon,
or that the quantity of tobacco in respect of which such person )ias been so detained does not
exceed 611)., such justice is authorised to proceed summarily upon the case without any iiilorma-
tion, and althouf^h no direction sliall have been given by tlie Commissioners of Customs, ami to
convict such person of such olVence, and to ailjuilge tliai such person shall in lieu of any other
penalty, forl'eit any sum of money not exceedinj; bl., and in default of payment of such sum of
mouey to commit such person to any of His Majesty's gaols for any time not exceedin;; one
month. § 10.
D 2
36 SMUGGLING. [1837-S.
maim, or dangerously wovind any officer of the army, navy, or marines,
beinjr duly employed for the prevention of smugglin<f, and on full pay,
or any oflinor of customs or excise, or any person actiu": in his aid, or
duly employed for the prevention of smui4<iling' in the due execution of
his office or duty, every person so ottendinjj, and every person aiding
therein, shall, being lawfully convicted, be adjudged guilty of felony, and
suffer death as a felon, s^ 59.
Persons having Prohibited Goods, or beii/g anwd or disguised. — If
any person being in company with more than four other persons be
found with any goods liable to forfeiture under any Act relating to the
revenue of customs or e.xcise, or in company with one other person, within
five miles of the sea coast or of any navigable river leading therefrom,
with such goods, and carrying offensive arms or weapons, or disguised in
any way, every such person shall be adjudged guilty of felony, and shall,
on conviction of such offence, be transported as a felon for the space of
seven years. § 60.
Assaulting or opposing Officers. — Tf any person shall by force or
violence assault, or obstruct any oHicer of the army, navy, or marines,
being duly employed for the prevention of smuggling, and on full pay,
or any officer of customs or excise, or other person acting in his aid, or
duly employed for the prevention of smuggling, in the due execution of
his office or duty, such person, being thereof convicted, shall be trans-
ported for seven years, or sentenced to be imprisoned in any house of cor-
rection or common gaol, and kept to hard labour, for any term not exceed-
ing three years, at the discretion of the court before whom the offender
shall be tried and convicted. ^^ 61,
How commanding Officers may haul their Vessels o?i Shore. — It shall
be lawful for the commanding officer for the time being of any vessel or
boat employed for the prevention of smuggling, to haul any such vessel
or boat upon any part of the coasts of the United Kingdom, or the shores,
banks, or beaches of any river, creek or inlet of the same (not being a
garden or pleasure-ground, or place ordinarily used for any bathing-ma-
chine or machines), which shall be deemed most convenient for that
purpose, and to moor any such vessel or boat on such part of the afore-
said coasts, shores, banks, and beaches below high-water mark, and over
which the tide flows on ordinary occasions, and to continue such vessel or
boat so moored for such time as the commanding officer shall deem ne-
cessary and proper ; and such commanding officer, or persons acting
under his direction, shall not be liable to any indictment, action, or suit
for so doing. § 62.
TVho to take up Spirits in small casks sunk or floating upon the Sea.
— No person whatsoevei', being a subject of His Majesty, other than an
officer of the navy, customs, or excise, or some person or persons autho-
rised in that behalf, shall intermeddle with or take up any spirits, being
in casks of less content than forty gallons, which may be found floating
upon or sunk in the sea within 100 leagues of the United Kingdom;
and if any spirits be so intermeddled with or taken up, the same shall be
forfeited, together with any vessel or boat in which they are found. § 72.
Rewards for giving Information of Goods floating or sunk in the Sea.
— If any person discover any spirits, being in casks of less content than
forly gallons, which may be found floating upon or sunk in the sea, and
shall give information to any oflicer of customs, or oiher person duly
authorised to make seizure of such spirits, so that seizure shall be made of
the same, the person giving such information shall be entitled to and
shall receive such reward as the commissioners of customs may deem it
expedient to direct. § 73.
Alloivanre to poor persons confined. — For the necessary subsistence of
any poor person contined in the United Kingdom or in the Isle of Man,
1837-8.] SMUGGLING. 37
under any oxclicqucr or other process for tlie recovery of anv duties or
penalties, either upon bond or otherwise, under this or any ntlier Act re-
iatiiif^ to the customs or excise, sued for under any order of the connnis-
sioncrs of customs or excise, it shall he lawful for tlie commissioners re-
spectively to cause an allowance, not exceedin*;- the sum of l}^d. and nut
less than Ahl. per day, to be made to any su('h poor person, out of anv
money in their hands arising from the duties of customs or excise, as the
case may require. § 74.
MatTird IVomcn. — Where any party so convicted before two justifies
of the peace shall be a married woman, such party shall be liable to be
committed to prison in manner hereiu-before mentioned, notwithstanding
her coverture. »J 83.
PART THE SECOND.
UNITED KINGDOM OF G Tl E A T BRITAIN
AND IRELAND.
IMPORTS.
REPORT AND ENTRY.
[The regulations touching the Report aud Entrtj of Ships and Goods arc con-
tained in the Act 3 and 4 Will. IV. c. 52. The passing of these documents
through the different offices can with safety be entrusted only to practical and
experienced persons. Those, therefore, who are not such, will do well on these
occasions to employ some respectable Brokeh or Custom-house Auent. A
mere theoretical knowledge will never enable any one duly to accomplish the
matter. For these reasons, the details are omitted.
The same remarks apply also to
DAMAGED GOODS, aud to the VALUATION OF GOODS.
Report and Entry. T/me-t a?}d Places of Landing ; and care of Offi-
cers. Goods not Reported nor Entered. Bulk illegally broken. Ex-
ceftions. — No goods shall be unladen from any ship arriving from parts
beyond the seas at any place in the United Kingdom or in the Isle of
Man, nor shall bulk be bi-oken after the arrival of such ship within four
leagues of the coasts thereof respectively, before due report of such sliip
and due entry of such goods shall have been made, and warrant granted,
in manner hereinafter directed ; and no goods shall be so unladen ex-
cept at such times and places, and in such manner, and by such persons,
and under the care of such officers, as is and are hereinafter directed ;
and all goods not duly reported, or which shall be unladen contrary here-
to, shall be forfeited ; and if bulk be broken contrary hereto, the
master of such ship shall forfeit 100^.; and if, after the arrival of any
ship within four leagues of the coast of the United Kingdom or of
the Isle of Man, any alteration be made in the stowage of the cargo of
such shi|), so as to facilitate the unlading of any part of such cargo, or if
any part be staved, destroyed, or thrown overboard, or any package be
oi)ened, such ship shall be deemed to have broken bulli : Provided, that
the several articles hereinafter enumerated may be landed in the United
Kingdom without report, entry, or warrant ; (that is to say) diamonds and
bullion, fresh tish of British taking, and imported in British ships, tur-
bots and lobsters fresh, however taken or imported. 3 and 4 Will. IV.
c. 52, s^ 2.
MANIFESTS.
Manifests of British Ships, and all Ships with Tobacco. Parti-
culars.— No goods shall be imported into the United Kingdom or into
the Isle of Man from parts beyond the seas in any British ship, nor any
tobacco in any ship, unbjss the master shall have on board a manifest*
* As to owners, cliaitorors or consignees' letters, and having goods ut)oar(l, see 1 Vict. c. 34,
§ 23, in 1'aet C.
Uj § 25, same Act, no vessel shall bre«k bulk till all letters delivered, except in particular
cases, such as yuaianUnc, ScC.
1837-S.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— iJfaw/^*^*. ' 39
of such floods or of such tobacco, made out and dated and signed bv him
at the jihice or respective places whore the same or the different jia'rts of
the same was or were taken on board, and authenticated in the manner
hereinafter provided : and every such manifest shall set forth the name
and the tonnajre of the ship, the name of the master and of the place to
which the ship belongs, and of the place or places where the goods were
taken on board resjjectively, and of the place or places for whidi they are
destined respectively, and shall contain a particular account and de-
scription of all the packages on board, with the marks and UHinbers
thereon, and the sorts of goods and different kinds of each sort contained
therein, to the best of the master's knowledge, and of the particulars of
such goods as are stowed loose, and the names of the respective shippers
and consignees, as far as the same can be known to the master; and to
such particular account shall be subjoined a general account or recapi-
tulation of the total number of the packages of each sort, describing the
same by their usual names, or by such descriptions as the same can best
be known by, and the different goods therein, and also the total (luanti-
ties of the different goods stowed loose : jirovided that every manifest for
tobacco shall be a separate manifest, distinct from any manifest for any
other goods, and shall, without fail, contain the particular weight of
tobacco in each hogshead, cask, chest, or case, with the tare of the same ;
and if such tobacco be the produce of the dominions of the Grand Siguier,
then the number of the parcels or bundles within any such hogshead,
cask, chest, or case, shall be stated in such manifest. 3 & 4 Will. IV.,
c, 52, ^ 3.
Manifest to be jiroduced before clearing out. — Before any ship shall
be cleared out or depart from any place in any of the British Possessions
abroad, or from any place in China, ^^ith any goods for the United
Kingdom or for the Isle of Man, the master of such ship shall produce
the manifest to the collector or comptroller of the customs, or other proper
ofhcer, who shall certify upon the same the date of the production thereof
to him : Provided always, that in all places within the territorial pos-
sessions of the Jlast India Company,* the servant of the said Company by
whom the last dispatches of such ship shall be delivered shall be the
proper oflicer to authenticate the manifest as aforesaid ; and in all places
in tJhina the chief supercargo of the said Company shall be the proper
officer for such purpose. § 4.
Tubaccn Manifest at Foreign Places. — Before the departure of any
ship from any place beyond the seas, not under the British dominions,
where any tobacco has been taken on board s^uch ship for the United
Kingdom or for the Isle of Man, the master of such ship shall jjroduce
the manifest of such tobacco to the British consul or other chief British
oflicer, if there l)e any such resident at or near such place ; apd such
consul or other officer shall certify upon the same the date of tjje pro-
duction thereof to him. ^S 5.
Manifest ivuiiting. — If any goods be imported into the United King-
dom or into the Isle of Man, in any British ship, or any tobacco in any
ship, without sucli manifest, or if any goods contained in such manifest
be not on board, the masfer of such ship shall forfeit 100/. v^ (i.
When Manifest to be produced. Copies. — The i>iaster of eyery ship
required to have a manifest on board shall produce such manifest to any
oflicer of customs who shall come on board his ship after her arrival
within four leagues of the coast of the United Khigdom or of the coast
of the Isle of !\Ian, and who shall demand the same, for his inspection;
and such master shall also deliver to any such officer who shall be the
first to demand it a true copy of such manifest, signed by the master;
and shall also deliver another copy to any other oflicer of customs who
* See now East InUies and China, 1'akt 7.
40 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Mm,yf'.s/c?. [1837-8.
shall be the first to demand the same within the limits of the port to
which sudi ship is hound ; and thereupon such officers respectively shall
notify on such manifest and on such copies the date of the production
of such manifest and of the receipt of such copies, and shall transmit
such copies to the collector and comptroller of the port to which such
vessel is first bound, and shall return such manifest to the master; and
if such master sh.all not in any case produce such manifest, or deliver
such copy, he shall forfeit IQQl. § 7.
S/iip to come qiiichhj tn Place of Unlading, avcl to bring to at Sta-
tions. Tobacco S/iips. — Every ship shall come as quickly up to the
proper place of mooring or vmlading as the nature of the port will admit,
and without touching at any other place; and in proceeding to such
place shall bring to at stations appointed by the commissioners of His
Majesty's customs for the boarding of ships by the officers of the cus-
toms : and after arrival at such place of mooring or vmlading such ship
shall not remove fn m such place except directly to some other proper
place, and with the knowledge of the proper officer of the customs, on
penalty of 100/. to be paid by the master of such ship: Provided always,
that it shall be lawful for the commissioners of His Majesty's customs to
appoint places to be the proper places for the mooring or unlading of ships
im])orting tobacco, and where such ships only shall be moored or unladen ;
and in case the place so appointed for theunlading of euch ships shall not
be within some dock surrounded with walls, if any such ship after hav-
ing been discharged shall remain at such place, or if any ship not im-
porting tobacco shall be moored at such place, the master shall in either
case forfeit 201. ^ 1.3.
Officers to board Ships. Access to all Parts; seal or secure Goods,
a?ui ope?i Locks. Goods concealed. Seal, S;c. brohen. — It shall be lawful
for the proper officers of customs to board any ship arriving at any
port in the United Kingdom or in the Isle of Man, and freely to stay
on board until all the goods laden therein shall have been duly delivered
from the same ; and such officers shall have free access to every part of
the ship, with power to fasten down hatchways, and to mark any goods
before landing, and to lock up, seal, mark, or otherwise secure any
goods on board such ship: and if any place, or any box or chest, bo
locked, and the keys be withheld, such olRcers, if they be of a degree
superior to tidesmcn or watermen, may open any such place, box, or
chest, in the best manner in their power ; and if tliey be tidesmen or
watermen, or only of that degree, they shall send for their superior offi-
cer, who may open or cause to be opened any such place, box, or chest,
in the best manner in his power; and if any goods be found concealed
on board any such ship, they shall be forfeited: and if the officers shall
place any lock, mark, or seal upon any goods on board, and such
lock, mark, or seal be wilfully opened, altered, or broken before due de-
livery of such goods, or if any such goods be secretly conveyed awav, or
if the hatchways, after having been fastened down by the officer, be
opened, the master of such ship shall Ibrfcit lOOA >^^ 14.
NatioJtal Ships, British or Foreign, having Goods on Board. Ships
liable to Search. — If any ship (having commission from His IMajcsty, or
from any foreign prince or state) arriving as aforesaid at any port in the
United Kingdom or in the Isle of Man, shall have on board any goods
laden in parts beyond the seas, the ca])tain. master, or purser of such ship
or of such goods for that voyage shall, before any part of such goods be
taken out of such ship, or when called upon so to do by any officer of the
customs, deliver an account in writing under his hand, to the best of his
knowledge, of the quality and (piantity of every package or parcel of such
goods, and of the marks and numbers thereon, and of the names of the
respective shippers and consignees of the same, and shall make and sub-
scribe a declaration at tlie foot of such account, declaring to the truth
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— TMroi<Ts.—i1/a?/?rr.v/,?. 41
thereof, and shall also truly answer to the collector or conip(ri;ller such
questions concernintj such troods as shall be recjuircd of him; aud on
failure thereof such captain, master, or purser shall forfeit 100/.: ami all
such ships shall be liable to such searches as merchant ships are liable to ;
and the ofllcers of customs may freely enter and tro on l)oard all siudi
ships, and brinj^ from thence on shore hito the kinir's warehouse any
yoods found on board any such ship ; subject nevertheless to such rejxida-
tions in respect to ships of war bclonsinp^ to His Majesty as shall from time
to time be directed in that respect by the commissioners of His Majesty's
treasury. ^^ 15,
List of Creio of Ships from West Indies.— Tho master of every British
ship arriving at any port in the United Kingdom, on her return from any
British Possessions in the West ludies, sliall, within ten days of such
arrival, deliver to the collector or comptroller a list, containing the names
and descriptions of the crew which was on board at the time of clearing
I'roni the United Kingdom, and of the crew' on board at the time of arri-
val in any of the said possessions, and of every seaman who has deserted
or died during the voyage, and also the amount of wages due at the time
of his death to each seaman so dying, and sluiU make and subscribe a de-
claration at the foot of such list, declariug to the truth thereof: and every
master omitting so to do shall forfeit 50/.; and such list shall be kept by
the collector for the inspection of all persons interested therein, s^ 10.
Returned Goods. Bill of Store. Property not changed. Foreign
Goods. Goods JVarehoiised. Certain Goods may not he Returned for
Home Use. — It shall be lawful to reimport into the United Kingdom from
any place, in a ship of any country, any goods (except as hereinafter ex-
cepted) which shall have been legally exported from the United Kingdom,
and to enter the same by bill of store, referring to the entry outwards, and
exportation thereof, provided the property in such goods continue in the
person by whom or on whose account the same have been exported, and
that such re-importation take place within six years from the date of
the exportation ; * and if the goods so returned be foreign goods, which
had before been legally miported into the United Kingdom, the same
duties shall be payable (hereon as would, at the time of such re-imporla-
tion, be payable on the like goods imder the same circumstances of im-
I'ortation as those under which such goods had been originally imported,
or such goods may be warehoused as the like goods might be warehoused
upon a first importation thereof: Provided always, that the several sorts
of goods enumerated or described in the table following shall not be re-
imported into the United Kingdom for home use upon the ground that
the same had been legally exported from thence, but that the same shall
be deemed to be foreign goods, whether originally such or not, and shall
also be deemed to be imported for the first time into the United King-
dom ; (that is to say) —
A TABLE OF GOODS EXPORTED WHICH MAV NOT BE RE-IMPORTED
FOR HOME USE,
Corn, grain, meal, flour, and malt.
Hops.
Tobacco.
Tea.
» I?y 6 & 7 'Will. IV. c. CO, § 2 fAu;,'. 13, 18S6), any gcoils \\liicli luive been lepally expovti-d
from the t'niteil KingilDiu, and wliicli shall alterwards be re-impoited into the same, the real
Vroinietor thereof being then absent therefrom, shall upon sncli re-importation be permitted to
be entered by bill of store, jjrovided the ^'oods be such as are entitled to tliat privilege, on pro-
duction of a declaration subscribed by such real proprietor setting forth the identity of the j;. ods
so exported and so returned, and that he was at the time of exportation from the (jnited Ivin;;-
dom, and will be at tlie time of re-importation thereinto, the propiietor of such i,'oods, and that
the same have not during such time been sold or disposed of to any other person; such declara-
tion to be made before British Consid, Vice-Consul, or other iiVi/isA autliorily residing in or
near the place of residence ofsucli real jiroprietor, and upon such further proof of the idcniiiyof
the goods as the commissioners of the customs shall require, and upon compliance with all the
other regulations rcjuired by law on the entry of goods bv bill of store.
42 UNITED KINGDOM— Imports,— Mw?>s/^. [1837-8.
Goods for which any bounty or any (h-awback of excise had been received
on exportation, unless by special permission of the commissioners of
His Majesty's customs, and on repayment of such bounty or such
drawback.
All goods for which bill of store cannot be issued, except small remnants
of British goods by special permission of the commissioners of His
Majesty's customs, upon proof to their satisfaction that the same are
British and had not been sold. § 33,
By whom Bill of Store may be taken out. Agent to declare Name of
Employer. Cofis/gnee to declare who is Proprietor. Proprietor to
declare to Identity, and Property iw changed. Entry by Bill of Store.
— The person in whose name any goods so re-imported were entered for
exportation shall deliver to the searcher at the port of exportation an
exact account, signed by him, of the particulars of such goods, referring
to the entry and clearance outwards and to the return inwards of the
same, with the marks and numbers of the packages, both inwards and
outwards; and thereupon the searcher, finding that such goods had been
legally exported, shall grant a bill of store for the same ; and if the person
in whose name such goods were entered for exportation was not the pro-
prietor thereof, but his agent, he shall declare on such bill of store the
name of the person by whom he was employed as such agent; and if
the person to whom such returned goods are consigned shall not be such
proprietor and exporter, he shall make and subscribe a declaration on
such bill of store of the name of the person for whose use such goods
have been consigned to him ; and the real proprietor, ascertained to be
such, shall make and subscribe a declaration upon such bill of store, to
the identity of the goods so exported and so returned, and that he was
at the time of exportation and of rc-importation the proprietor of such
goods, and that the same had not during such time been sold or disposed
of to any other person ; and such declaration shall be made before the
collectors or comptrollers at the ports of exportation and of importation
respectively ; and thereupon the collector and comptroller shall admit such
goods to entry by bill of store, and grant their warrant accordingly. ^S 34.
Snrplus Stores. — The surplus stores of every ship arriving from parts
beyond the seas, in the United Kingdom, or in the Isle of Man, shall
be subject to the same duties, and the same prohibitions and regulations
as the like sort of goods shall be subject to when imported by way of
merchandise ; but if it shall appear to the collector and comptroller that
the (juantity or description of such stores is not excessive or unsuitable,
uncjer all the circumstances of the voyage, it shall be lawful for them to
permit such surplus stores to be entered for the private use of the master,
purser, or owner of such ship, or of any passenger of such ship to whom
such surplus stores may belong, ou payment of the proper duties, or to
be warehoused for the future use of such ship, although the same could
not be legally imported by way of merchandise, i^ 35,
Goods from. Plantations. Plantation Clearance. — No goods shall
be entered as being of or from any British possession in America (if any
benefit attach to such distinction) unless the master of the ship importing
the same shall have delivered to the collector or comptroller a certificate
under the hand of the proper officer of the place wheie such goods were
taken on board, of the due clearance of su(di ship from thence, containing
an account of such goods. § 36.
Importation direct. — No goods shall be deemed to be imported from
any particular place unless they be imported direct from such place, and
shall have been there laden on board the importing ship, eilher as the
first shipment of such goods, or after the same shall have been actually
landed at such place. § 48.
Goods under Excise Permit. — Officers of Excise to attend Delivery
and Weigh, ^-c. — No goods which are subject to any regulations of excise
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Ma^z/cs/s. 43
shall be taken or delivered out of the charge of the ufllcers of customs
(although the same may have been duly entered with them, and the full
duties due thereon may have been i)aid,) until such goods shall also
have been duly entered with the ollicers of excise, and permit granted
by them for delivery of the same, nor unless such permit shall correspond
in all particulars with the warrant of the officers of customs: Provided,
that such entry shall not bo received by the officers of the excise, nor
such permit granted by them, until a certificate shall have been produced
to them of the particidars of the goods, and of the warrant lor the same,
under the hand of the officers of customs who shall have the charge of the
goods : Provided also, that if upon any occasion it shall appear necessary,
it shall be lawful for the proper officers of excise to attend the delivery
of such goods by the otiicers of the customs, and to require that such goods
shall be delivered only in their presence; and it shall be lawful for such
officers of excise to count, measure, gauge or weigh any such goods,
and fully to examine the same, and to proceed in all respects relating to
such goods in such manner as they shall be authorised or required by
any Act for the time being in force relating to the excise. \^ 52.
Prohibitions and Restrictions. — The several sorts of snoods enumerated
or described in the table following, denominated " A Table of Prohibitions
and Restrictions Inwards," shall either be absolutely prohibited to be
imported into the United Kingdom, or shall be imported only under the
restrictions mentioned in such table, according as the several sorts of
such goods are respectively set forth therein ; viz. : —
A TAHLE OF PROHIBITIOXS AND RESTRICTIONS INWARDS.
A List of Goods absolutely Prohibited to be Imported. ^ 58.
[These goods are dij^t'sted under their respective names in "' Imcokts." Ed,^
List of Goods subject to certain Restrictions on hnportation.
[These goods are likewise digested under their respective names, in "Tii-
poiiTs."] § 58.
How Goods may be Warehoused for Exportation. Exceptions. — Any
goods, of whatsoever sort, may be imported into the United Kinffdom
to be warehoused under the regulations of any Act in force for the time
being for the warehousing of goods, without payment of duty at the time
of the first entry thereof, or notwithstanding that such goods may be pro-
hibited to be imi)orted into the United Kingdom to be used therein,
except the several sorts of goods enumerated or described in manner
following ; (that is to say) — goods prohibited on account of the packiige in
which they are contained, or the tonnage of the ship in which they are
laden ; gunpowder, arms, ammunition, or utensils of war ; dried or salted
fish, not being stock- fish ; infected hides, skins, horns, hoofs, or any
other j)art of any cattle or beast ; counterfeit coin or tokens ; books first
composed or written or printed and published in the United Kingdom,
and reprinted in any other country or place ; copies or prints first en-
graved, etched, drawn, or designed in the United Kin<idom ; copies of
casts of sculptures, or models first made in the United Kingdom ; clocks
or watches, being such as are prohibited to be imported for home use.
$39.
Goods to be Warehoused for Exportation only. — If by reason of the
sort of any goods, or of the place from whence, or the country, or navi-
gation of the ship in which any goods have been imported, they be such
or be so imported as that they may not be used in the United Kin>:dom,
they shall not be entered except to be warehoused, and it shall be
declared upon the entry of such goods that they are entered to be ware-
housed for exportation only. § 60.
Goods concealed, and Goods packed icith them. — If any goods which
44 UNITED KINGDOM,— i?ec?;;roc%. [1837-8.
aie subject to any (l>;ty or restriction in respect of importation, or whicli
arc prohibited to be imported into the United Kinj^dom, be found con-
cealed in any manner on board any vessel, or be found, eitlier before or
after landing, to havt; been concealed in any manner, then all such goods,
and all other goods which shall be packed with them, sliall be forfeited.
3 & 4 Will, IV., c. ,03. § 1 5.
Goods Unsliipped, Prohibited, and Warehoused Goods. — If any goods
liable to the payment of duties be unshipped from any vessel or boat in the
United Kingdom, or the Isle of Man (customs or otber duties not being
first paid or secured), or if any prohibited goods whatsoever be imported
into any part of the United Kingdom or of the Isle of Man, or if any goods
^vbat^:oever which shall have been warehoused or otherwise secured in
ihe United Kingdom, either ibr home consumption, or exportation, be
clandestinely or illegally removed from or out of any warehouse or place
of security, then all such goods shall be forfeited, together with all horses
and other animals, and all carriages and other things made use of in the
removal of such goods, ij 28.
Searching Vessels or Persons. See Smuggmng, p. 30.
RECIPROCITY SYSTEM.
How additional Tonnage Dnticf. on Ships may be charged. — It shall
be lawful for His Majesty by any Order in Council to bo published from
time to time in the London Gazette (whenever it shall be deemed expe-
dient), to charge any additional or countervailing duty of tonnage upon
any vessels which shall enter any of the ports in the Uniled Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland, or in any of His Majesty's dominions, and
M'hich shall belong to any foreign country in which any duties of tonnage
shall have been, or shall he levied upon British vessels entering the ports
of such country, higher or greater than are levied upon the vessels of
such country : Provided always, that such additional or counlervailing
tonnage duties shall not be of greater amount than may be deemed
fairly to countervail the difference of duty paid in such foreign country
upon tonnage of British vessels, more than the duty there charged upon
the vessels of such country. 5 Geo. IV., cap. 1, ^*i 3,
See Portu(;al, Part 9.
PIoic the Tonnage of Foreign Ships ma7j be charged as British. — His
Majesty may authorise the entry into the United Kingdom of foreign
ships on payment of the like tonnage duties as are or shall be charged in
respect of similar British ships, upon satisfactory proof being laid before
His Majesty in Council that ships of such foreign country, in whose
favour such permission shall be granted, are charged with no other or
higher tonnage duties, on their entrance into the ports of such foreign
country, than are charged on the entry into such ports upon the ships of
such country, v) 4,
Additional Duties on Goods. Prohibition, S,^c. — His Majesty, by order
in council, from time to time may order that there be levied any additional
duty, not exceeding one-fijth of the amount of any existing duty, upon any
goods, the growth, produce, or manufacture of any country which shall levy
higher or other duties upon any article the growth, produce, or numufac-
ture of any of His Majesty's dominions than upon the like article the
growth, produce, or manufacture of any other foreign country ; and in lilie
manner to impose such additional duties upon any goods when imported
in the ships of any country which shall levy higher or other duties upon
any goods when imported in British ships than wlien imported in the
national ships of such country, or which shall levy higher or other
tonnage or port or other duties upon ]>ritish ships than upon such
national sliips, or which sluiU not place the commerce or navigation of
this kingdom upon the footing of the most fa^•oured nation in the ports of
1837-S.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— D«//e5, c^-c. 45
such country ; and cither to pn)hibit the importation of any nianu-
f'acturod article tlie produce of such country in the event of the export of
the raw material of which such article is wholly or in part made Ix'in*;-
prohibited from such country to the Hritisli dominions, or to imijose an
additional duty, not exceed in <^ o?i<?-/7/"//« as aforesaid, upon such manufac-
tured article ; and also to impose such additional duty in the event of
such raw material bein;^ suhject to any duty upon beinjj: exported from
the said country to any of Ilis Majesty's dominions. 3 & 4 Will. IV.,
c. 5G, ^^ 5. See Portugal, Part IX.
Foreign Powers.
By order in council, October 12, 1832, it is declared that the foiei<;n
powers with which any reciprocity * treaties are subsistin;^ in'o those
hereinafter mentioned, viz. : —the kin<;dom of Portugal, the United
States of America, His Majesty the Kin<^ of Prussia, His Majesty as
Kinji; of Hanover ; ■(• His Majesty the King of Denmark, the United Pro-
vinces of Rio de la Plata; the state of Colombia, the senate of the free
Ilanseatic city of Lubeck, the senate of the free Ilanseatic city of Bremen,
and the senate of the free Hanseatie city of Hamburg, His Majesty the
King- of the French, His Majesty the Kin<^ of Sweden and Norway, the
United States of Mexico, His Majesty ihe Emperor of Brazil, His Majesty
the Emperor of Austria, and the free city of Frankfort.
NEW DUTIES.
GENERAL REMARKS,
The Duties and Drawbacks mentioned under this title are all granted
by 3 Si A Will. IV., e. 5G, except where otJieriinse mentioned.
The Figures denote the rate o/Duty, if nd otherwise e.vpressed.
Wliere no Drawrack is stated, none is allowed.
To avoid as much as possible a multiplicity of Rl-.Ficrkncics, each
Article is ranged under its sjenoric term ; such as Bees'" JVax, under
Wax — Bra7idy, under Spirits — Wheat, under Corn — Deals, under
Wood.
Goods, being either in part or ivholly manufactured, and not £. s. d.
being enumerated nor otherwise charged ivith duty, and
not prohibited to be imported into or used in Great Britain
or Ireland, \00l. value 20 0 0
Goods, Jiot being either in part or wholly manufactured, and
not being enumerated n/yr otherwise charged with duly, ami
not prohibited to be imported into or used in Great Britain
or Ireland, lO'Jl. vcdue . . . . . . .500
Parts of Articles, z'/i;. ; — Any distinct or separate part of
any article not accompanied by the other j)art or all the
other parts of such article, so as to be complete and perfect,
if such article be subject to duty according to ihe value
thei'eof, prohibited to be imported on pain of forfeiture.
• Rociprocity Tivalics are those fuuuiU'd on tlic iniuciiilos laid down in thu forngoing claiist!
of Acts.
Fi>r the suke of perspicuify, tlic above particulars are digested under their Siiveral lie ids, in
googripliical order.
t Now the King of Hanover — formerly tho Duke cf Cumberland— who has succeed ■ 1 to
that throne.
46 UNITED KINGDOM— Imports.— D«i?e5, t^-r. [1837-8.
Abandonment of Goods. — It shall be lawful for the commissioners
of cvistoms to accept the abandonment, for tlie duties, of any whole
packages of warehoused goods, and to cause or permit the same to be
destroyed, and to deduct the contents of such whole packages from the
total quantity of the same importation, in computing the amount of the
deficiency of such total quantity. 3 & 4 Will. IV., c. 5 7, ^S 33.
As to Tobacco, Cocoa, Coffee, Pej'per, and Lees of Wine, see under the
names of the several articles, in alphabetical order.
Computation of Duties. — In computing the Duties, it may not be
amiss to remind the reader that
100/. vulue
Ibl.
is three-fourths,
or
\i>s.
5U.
one-half, .
1 0.y.
2;-)/.
one- fourth,
, ,
5.?.
Vll. \0s.
one-eighth,
,
2sM.
10/.
one-tenth,
2.V.
o/.
one-twentieth
\s.
in the £.
Ciot., qr. and lb., may l)e readily reduced into lb., thus: —
Cwt , qr. lb.
13 1 5
156 multiply by 12, carrying out two figures.
33 the odd qr. and 5lb.
1489 lb.
A.
Acetous Acid. See Vinegar. £. s. d.
Acorns. See Seed.
Africa. — Goods, the produce of, see p. 2. See the names of
the several articles in alphabetical order ; see also Africa,
Part II.
Agates, or Cornelians, 1 00/. value, . . . , . 10 0 0
— Set, 1 00/. value, 20 0 0
Tliey fjive the mime of onyx to agates formed of two'translncid sliipes of dilTerent colours.
Oriental agate is (listin},'iuslied by the fineness of its comjiiisition, and Ijy the yeiniliar a))-
pearance },'iven to its interior by its various undulated lamina;. When the quart/, afjate is
less tine in its composition, it is used for gun-flints and for millstones, and even for com-
m<jn flinis. — MaUc-Brun.
Alkali, not being Barilla, viz. : —
Any article containing Soda or Mineral Alkali, whereof Mineral Alkali is tlie
most valuable part (such Alkali not being otberwiso particularly charged
with duty), viz. : —
• not containing a greater portion of such Alkali than
20 per cent. cwt. . . . . . . . 0 114
containing more than 20 per cent, and not exceeding
25 per cent. cwt. .......
more than 25 per cent, and not ex. 30 per cent. cwt.
more than 30 per cent, and not ex. 40 per cent. cwt.
if containing more than 40 per cent. cwt.
Natural Alkali, imported from places within the
limits of the East India Company's Charter, cwt. . . 0 2 0
Alkali. — A term dciived from Itali, the Aial)ic name of a plant, from the ashes of wliieh one
species of alkaline substance can be exlr:ieted. Alkalis may be detiued, tho^e bodies
which combine tvilli acids, so as to neutialise or impair their activity, and produce salts.
Acidity and alkalinity are llioreforc two coirelutive terms of one species of combination.—
Vrc.
0
15
0
0
18
4
1
3
4
1
10
0
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— 7)«if/t' , .^v. 47
.£ s. d.
Alkanet Root, cwt 0 2 0
The alkiini't jilaiit is ;i kind of biinlos, wliicli is a tiutive of tlie warmer paits (if Ivurope, ami
cultivated in some of our ^aniens. The jireatcst quantities are raised in Germany and
Fiance, particuhuly abcmt MontiieUer, whence wo are chielly supplied with the roots.
This root imparts an elegant deep rod colour to pure alcohol, to oils, to wax, aud to all
unctuous substances. — Ure.
Almond Paste, 100/, value 60 0 0
Almonil paste is divided into three kinds : namely, brown .ilmond paste, white sweet alraoml
paste, and white bitior almond paste ; but all of them are prepared nearly in a similar way.
— Gill's Tt'c/t. Repos. and drama uf Science and Art.
Almonds, Bitter, cwt . . 0 4 0
— Jordan, cwt .200
of any other Sort, cwt. . . . . . 10 0
The Valeniia almond is a sweet, largo, (lat almond, iminted at one extremity, and ( ompressod
in the middle as if with the thumb. The Italian are not so sweet, smaller, and less de-
pressed in the middle. The Jordan almonds, which como from Malaga, are the best sweet
almonds brought to England. — Thumson.
Aloes, lb. . . 0 0 8
■ produce of and imported from B. P. lb. . . . 0 0 2
Three sorts of aloes are distinguished in the shops by the names of alo.' socnlrina, aloe he-
patica, and aloe caballina. The fust denomination, which is applied to the purest kind,
is taken from the island of Socotora; the second, or next in quality, is called hepatica,
from its liver colour; an<l the third, caballina. The principal characters of ;;oofl aloes are
these : they must be glossy, not very black, but brown ; when rubbed or cut, of a yellow
~ colour; compact, but easy to break ; easily solul)le ; of an unpleasant peculiar smell, which
cannot be descriljed, and an extremely bitter taste. — Ure.
Alum, cwt 0176
Roch, cwt 0 11 8
The greater quantity of the alum of commerce is prepared by a peculiar management of
schistose pyritic clays, usually denominated alum ores. At La Tolfa, near Civita Vecchia,
where the best Roman alum is made, the ore is alum stone or sulphuretted clay ; but at
other places, both on the Continent and in Great llritaiu, it is manufactured from pyrita-
ceous clay. The best alum is thel Roman, w hich is in irregular, octahedral, crystalliuo
masses, powdery on the surface. — Thomson,
Amber, Rough, lb 0 0 6
Manufactures of, not otherwise enumerated, lb. . 0 12 0
Tliis substance is dug out of the earth in Ducal Pru'ssia, near the sea-co:ist, and is thrown in
considerable (piantity on the sea-shore of Polish Prussia aud I'omerania, i;artieularly alter
tempestuous west or north-west winds. The greater part of what is brought to this country
comes from the Baltic ; and a small quantity from Catania, in Sicily, packed in chests.—
Tliotnson.
Ambergris, oz. . . . . . . . . 0 0 6
This substance is a product of the spermaceli whale, but it is not an article of medicine? in
this country. The best account of the method of procuring it is in the Pkilusoiihical Trans-
actions for 1783. It is found floating on the surface of the sea. The best is brought from
Madagascar, Surinam, and Java. Ambergris seems to be the feeeal matter of the cachelot,
probably hardened and otherwise altered by disease. Some have considered it analogous to
biliary calculi ; its chemical properties favour this supposition. It is a solid, opaque, grey-
ish, striated substance, having a pleasant musk-like odour, and which is supposed to be de-
rived from a spee;es of cuttle-lish (sepia moschata) on which the animal feeds. In favour
of this opinion must be mentioned the fact that the horny boaks of a sepia are found im-
bedded in it. Its specific gra\ity is from 0'9U8 to 0'92. — Perinra in the Medical Gazette.
America. — Goods, the produce of, see p. 2 ; see the names
of the several articles in alphabetical order; see also
America, Part XII.
Anchovys, lb 0 0 2
I3y C. O., Jan. 1792, onothird to be allowed for salt and pickle, besides an adequate t;ire for the
package.
In the Mediterranean, which may be regarded as the grand nursery-ground (if not the \>er-
manent head- quarters) of the common anchovy, the finest ones are obtained oil' the little
island of Gorgona, and superior to those taken nearer the main-land. The common an-
chovy is found in prodigious numbers along all the shores of the Mediterranean, espL-ci.illy
the Kuropean ones. Tlie months during which the fishing is ehielly carried on are May,
June, and July ; the best lish in May, the most abundant in June, and inferior, mixed with
" shotteu" ones, or those that have spawned, in July. They are found not only in the -Me-
diterranean, but on the Atlantic shores without the Straits', along the west of Spain and
Portugal; less abundantly in the bay of liiscay; rarely in the Knglish Channel 5 and still
more rarely to the northward of the Straits of i)over. The number caught every year is
immense ; and the only preparation they receive is said to be drawing, decapitation, and
sailing down in casks, coutaiuing about ten pounds ou the average, though they vary const-
43 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— i)«r/e.?, <^'c. [I S3 7-8.
Aneliovys, continued, viz. : — £ s. d-
(lerably. The roal anchovy is about .1 span long; less, of coiivsp, when the head is re-
moved; phmn) and round ill the body ; brownisli lilile, with a silvery lustre on tlie upiier
I)art, and silvery white on tlie under; tlie tlesli is salmou-eoU)ur wlieu salted; but if the
lish are not iu hiyh si'ason. it is jinle as well as thin and tasteless. Tliere is another spe-
cies in the Mediterranean (fi. Melctta) which bears about the same relation to the common
anchovy that the sprat does to the herriuij. It is said that the anchovys of commerce are
often adulterated with an admixture of the sardine {Clupca sardina), a fish very much re-
sembling the pilchard, only smaller in size ; but as it has neither the colour nor the llavour
of the anchovy, it can be used only in mixture with that. — Partinc/ton's Cyrlu.
Angelica, cwt. . . ...... 0 4 0
Angelica is a native of .the more northern parts of Europe. Tlie odour of every part of the
recent plant is frai,'rant and aromatic ; the tiisle sv. (•rti>li at iii si, Ihen aromatic, warm, and
sli'dilly bitter. Tlie iliied root is corrnijated, ami of a f,'ieYisl!-brown colour externally;
breaks'short with a starchy li actuio, and presents a Ikui interior, whitish, with many resinous
brown and yellow points. It has the same odour and taste as the recent phuit, and yield
these qualitiesto alcohol, and iu some degree to boiling water. — T/iomsou.
AmioUo, cwt 0 10
Roll, cwt 0 4 0
Annatto, Anotlo, Aruotfo ((lie rocou of tlie French), a rod dye preiiared iu the West Indies,
from the seed capsules of the Jiixn (Irlmn-p, a tree of South America. It is much used in
the dairies of Kntjland and Holland Iu colour cheese and butter. The Spanish 1 iidiaus use
it medieiually.— ii(N-;y. Mcliop.
Antimony, Ore, ton 0 10,
Crude, cwt 0 8 0
. Rc^^ulus, cwt 0 IG 0
This metal, when pure, is of a brilliant white, or bluish-white colour, showin^j a radiated
liactuie when broken ; by exposure to he.il and air it is converted into a white oxide, which
sublimes in vapinis. Its ores are found chieily in Saxony and the Hart/. ; also in Corn-
wall, AUemont in France, Spain, Mexico, and Siberia. Antimony is used in medicine,
forming with several agents very active compounds ; it also enters into the composition of
type metal as used ibr printing. — Joijce.
Apparel, Wearing. See Baggage, next page.
Apples, Bushel ..040
dried, bnsbel . . 0 2 0.
Aquafortis, cwt. . . . . • . • . 0143
This name is given to a weak and impure nitric acid, commonly used in the arts. It is dis-
tin"uishcd by the terms Double and Single, the single being only half Ihe strength of -the
other. The artists who use these acids call the more concentrated acid, whicli is much
stronger even than the double aquatbrlis, Spirit of Nitre. — Vre.
Arclielia. See Orchal.
Argol, cwt. 0 0 G
Crude tartar, in the state in which it is taken from the inside of wine vessel?, is known iu Ihc
shops by the name of argol. The casks in which some kinds of wine are kept become
incrusted with a hard substance, tinged with the colouring matter of the wine, and other-
wise impure, which has long been known by the name ofargol, or tartar, and distinguished
into red and'white according to its colour, it has likewise been found iu oilier fruits, parti-
cularly before they arc ripe.— f/rc.
Aristolochia (G and 7 Will. IV., c. GO.) lb. . . . 0 0 1
The root of this plant, which is the part used ofliciimlly, is small, light, and bushy, consisling
of a number of fibres matted together, issuing i'i(uu one common head, of a brownish colour
on the outside, and a pale or yellow within. It has an aromatic smell, somewhat like that
of valerian, luit more agreeable, and a warm, bitterish, pungent taste, very much resembling
camiihor.— ii'nc!/. Melrop,
Arms.
Amnivuiition and Utensils of War, hi/ wa;/ of merchandise, except by license
frum His Miijosty lor furuishiuo- liis Majesty's public stores, only; prohi-
bited to be imported on pain of forfeiture. 3 and 4 WiU. IV., c. 52, § 58.
Arquebusade Water. See Spirits.
Arrow Root, lb. . . . . . • • • 0 0 2
, . tbe produce of and imported from B. P., cwt. 0 10
By T. L., April 15, 1835, as Arrow-root is an article of fond made from a variety of vegetable
substances, and although of the starchy principle, it ought not to be confounded with starch,
which is not an article of food, and tliererore the practice observed previou^ly to charging
the above duty (Ui cassava powder or starch, is to be observed, viz., that it be charged as
Arrow-root. See Powder.
It is so called because it was thought to extract the poison from wounds inflicted by the
poisoned allows of the Indians.— A'iWio/soji.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— lMPonTs.—Z>//^/c.';', c^-c. 49
Arrow-root, continued, viz. : — £ s. a.
Anow-iodt is tlie pith of the Maraiita anuKlinncca. The powder is prei)ari'(l from the roots of
:i year old, wliich, after being well waslied, are beaten, and the librous part separateil
IVo'm the pulp. The supernatant lluid is now poured o IV, and the starch, after l)einf,' w<dl
washed, is dried in the sun. In this state it is brought to Europe, and sold under the
name of Indian arrow-root. — Thomson.
This root ('/"aert pinnatifiilus, I.in., the Pea of the natives) grows in the greatest abundance in
all the islands which we visited ; vi/., in tliaheite, Kmeo, Iluaheine, Kaiatea, and Otliaha.
So abundant is the root, that several tons might be prepared annually by proper manage-
ment: as it is, there is a considerable quantity prepared; it being not only eaten by the
natives and strangers on the island, but also by the crews of the vessels that touch there.—
When we visited the island, we purchased the prepared Arrow-root at !2rf. per lb., and a mis-
sionary there informed us, that lie would engaL'e to procure any given quantity at lid. per
lb., which is, I believe, ranch less than it can be purchased at either in the Kast or the
West Indies. Its quality is excellent; I should say equal to that of the East Indies, and far
superior to that ot Chile, with which I have, since my return, had an oiiportunity of com-
paring it. — Gardener's Magazine.
Arsenic, cwt. . . . ..... 0 8 0
The form under which this metal is generally known is that of oxi<le. the arscnious acid ; and
this is readily converted into the metallic slate by fusion with half its weight of black ilnx
in a close vessel. Arsenic, or rather the arscnious a-'id, principally comes from Saxony,
Bohemia, and Germany, where it is either worked directly for thi- market or indirectly .as a
product in working cobalt, and some other ores with which it is combined in large ([uanti-
ties. Arsenic is one of the least valuable of the metals; with sulphur it forms two com-
pounds, occasionally employed as colours, viz.— orpiment and realgar, a yellow and red
paint ; a green colour is also aflorded by aiWing a solution of arseniate of potassa to sul-
phate of copper, and called, from the inventor, Sclieel's Green. — Joyce.
The arsenic of commerce is generally half plaster of Paris, and the eye cannot detect the dif-
ference.— Literary Gazette.
Asafoetida. See Gum.
Ashes, Pearl and Pot, cwt. . . . . . . 0 6 0
imported from any B. P. . . . . . Free,
Pearl or Pot, of foreign production, imported from B, P.
in Europe, cwt. . . . . . . . 0 G 0
(5 and 6 W. IV. c. G6. Sept. 9, 1835. Duty to commence
from that day.)
Soap, Weed, and Wood, cwt 0 18
- not otherwise enumerated, 100^. val. . . . 20 0 0
Potiisli and Pearlash come chiefly from Canada, North America, and Russia They are very
extensively used in soap-making, the manulacture of glass, bleaching and scouring of linens,
woollen cloths, &c. With the acids they form salts, some of which are m\ich employed in
medicine, either as .-.n anti-acid or catharti-c. In combination with the nitric acidthey form
nitre or saltpetre, which enters very largely into the composition of gunpowder; ami this
salt, wlien heated, is often used as a substitute for the oxide of manganese in preparing oxy-
gen gas. It is from this salt that the whole of the nitric acid and aquafortis used in com-
merce is obtained. — Joyce.
The cultivation of the beet-root appears likely to prove more advantageous than ever, in con-
sequence of the discovery that the melasses extracted from the root may be, after serving
fur the manufacture of sugar, turned to further advantage. It appears that potash may be
manufactured from it, and of so good a quality as to compete with the foreign article. M.
Uubrunfaut has discovered a method of extracting this substance from the residue of the
melasses alter distillation, and which residue having served for the production of alcohol,
was afterwards thrown away an<l lost. To give some idea of the importance of the creation
of this new source of national wealth, it will be sullicieut to say, that the quantity of potash
furnished by M. Dubrunlaut's process is equal to une-sixth of the quantity of the sugar ex-
tracted from the beetroot. — Journal des Debats.
Asia. — Goods, the produce of. See p. 2. See the names of the
several articles in alphabetical order. See also Asia, Part 10.
Asphaltum, cwt, . . . . . . . 0 4 0
Asplialtum, likewise called Bitumen Judaicum, or Jews' Pitch, is a smooth, hard, brittle,
black or brown substance, which breaks with a polish, melts easily when he.ated, and when
pure burns without leading any ashes. It is found in a soft or liquid state on the surface of
the Dead Sea, but by age grow"s diy and Iiard. The same kind of bitumen is likewise found
in the earth in other parts of the world — in China; America, particularly in the island of
Trinidad ; and some parts of Europe, as the Carpathian hills, France, Neufchatcl. — Ure.
Asses, each 0100
The ass, either in a domestic or wild state, is found iu almost (•\i'ry warm and temjierate climate
of the old continent. It existed not in the new continent when it was tirst discovered ; but the
species, after being transported thither from Europi', has now subsisted and multiplied greatly
in America during more than two <-enturies, so that, at present, it is almost eeiually dill'used i)\ er
the four quarters of the globe.— 5«#on.
B.
Bacon, cwt. .........180
15acon, the flesh of a hog salted and dried —Envy. Mctrop.
E
50 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Dw;?e.9, <^c. [1837-8.
£ s. d.
Baggage. — By 3 and 4 Will. IV. c. 53, § 37, if any passenger or other per-
son on board any vessel or boat shall, upon being questioned by any officer
of customs, whether he or she has any foreign goods upon his or her jierson,
or in his or her possession, deny the same, and any such goods shall, after
such denial, be discovered upon his or her person, or in his or her possession,
such goods shall be forfeited, and such person shall forfeit treble the value
of such goods.
By C. O., Dec. 3, l%\&, foreign watches and fowling-pieces, whether now or otherwise, are to be
regularly entered and charged with the proper duties, although the same be brought from
aV)toad in passenger's bagg;ige.
By C. L., July 22, 1834, the London practice of allowing the delivery duty free, of fowling-
pieces of British Manufacture, the propeity of private^iiulividuals coming from abroad, upon
the parties making a declaration to the satisfaction of the officers that the articles are of
British manufacture, is to be adopted at the other ports.
By T. L., Jan. 2, 1S17, sillt stockings, silk handkeiehiefs, shoes, and gloves, when they
accompany the proprietors arriving from aVnoad. and are evidently a part of their baggage,
and have been worn and used, are not to be seized liy the officers of customs ; provided such
articles do not exceed what may be reasonably allowed according to the rank of the party
In whose baggage the same may be found.
By T. L., Nov. 10, 1817, the baggage of persons arriving from the East Indies is not to be
detained by tlie officers of customs in consequence of its consisting of chintzes, calicoes, or
any articles of that description, unless the quantity shall appear to be unreasonable with
reference to the rank of the parly ; and by order of the board of customs, dated Nov. 14, 1817,
care is to be taken that the articles so delivered have been used and worn.
By C. O., Sept. 29, 1827, small quantities of china ware, and other articles of trivial value, the
produce and manufacture of China and the East Indies, may be imported from the continent
of Europe by passengers with their baggage, on payment of the proper duties, and a fine pro-
portionate to the value.
By C. O,, Dec. 9, 1816, no military stores or baggage, coming from abroad, shall be delivered
without previous examination by a revenue officer.
By T. L., Sept. 26, 1817, British built cirriages actually in use by passengers as their travelling
carriages, may pass inwards and o\i(\vards without payment of duties, and without entries
under the restrictions le.spceiiu^' bairuage.
By C. O., A\ig 5, IS'22, the loUowiii;; r.^rulatlDus h.ave been established : —
That all weaving apparel and li.iggage aeeompanying the proprietor, of whatever description
(except Kiist India articles) be delivered duty fiee; provided it appears, on the examination
of the officers, that the articles have been really worn, and were not made up for the purpose
of being introduced into this counfry. .
That where the articles are not of the above description, and liable to duty, or where the same
are prohibited, tliat the proprietors be allowed to leave them in the King's warehouses, under
the care of the officers, for a period not exceeding six months, in order to give them an oppor-
tunity of taking them back without payment of duty.
Th.it these regulations be conlined to cases where there is no improper proceeding or attempt to
unship or land articles without the knowledge of the officers.
By C O., July 15, 1828, it is stated that applications having been made by passengers ai'riving
from the continent for the delivery, /ree ufduty, of certain articles, such as silk vestments for
religious purposes, foreign and religious books, professional instruments, and other articles,
upon the grounds of the same being intended for purposes of religion, for private or profes-
sional use, or having been jirevimisly in constant use by the parties, the board will not in future
comply with applications of tliis nature ; unless in regard to any ti'ifling article which may be
clearly shown to the board's satisfaction to be necessary to enable the party to follow any par-
ticular profession, such as a flute or violin, or musical or surgical instruments, and that the
article is bona fide the property, and has been in the constant use of the party in the ordinary
exercise of his profession.
By T. O., Sept. 16, 1835, vestments are not to be introduced duty free without a special order from
the Treasury.
See Books, p. 5-1. See also Newspapers, and Spirits.
Balm of Gilead. See Balsam, below.
Balsam, Canada, lb. . . . . .001
This tree is a native of the coldest regions of North America, ilowering in May. It is a straight,
elegant tree, rarely exceeding forty feet in height, and twelve or fiiteen inches in diameter,
covered with a smooth, whitish-grey bark. The manner in which the Canada balsam, or fine
turpentine, yielded by this tree is collected, is by incisions in the body of the tree, from which
it exudes. — Thomson.
Capivi, cwt. . . . . .040
The Copaiba tree is a native of South America and the Spanish West India islands. It grows
in great plenty in the woods of Tohi, near Cartliagena, and in those of Quito and Brazil. Ge-
nuine good Copaiba balsam has a peculiar but agi-eeable odoiu-, and a bitterish, hot, nauseous
taste. Itis clear and transparent; its consistence is that of oil, the colour a pale golden yel-
low.— Thomson.
Peru, lb. . . . . .010
The ti-ee which affords this balsam grows in the warmest parts of South America : it is obtained
by boiling tlie tw igs in water. It has a deep brown, colour,, considerable consistency, a fra-
grant aromatic smell, and a pungent bitterish flavour.— iBrawrfff. ,»
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— lMroRTS.—Z)w/?V5, c^r. 51
Balsam, conthiKed, viz : — £ ,v. d.
Riga, lb. . . . . .010
and fuiilier as foreign spirits, gal. . . 110 0
Rij,M l<als;\m is iunKiikvl from the north of Eiiro\)i'. It is ai)\)lip<l nxfonially to lioiil recent
wovuhIs and briiiscs. It is likewise emi)loyeil internally to remove coughs, asthmas, and other
comiilainis of the breast.— liuchan.
Tolu, lb. . . . . .020
Tliis has generally been considered as the iirodiice of a South American tree (the Tohiifera
balsamum), but, from a recent iu(|uny into the suliject, it appears that it is obtained by exu-
dation from tlie Myroxyloii I'eniil'ennn ; tlial it flows freely fnrai incisions in its bark, and is
collected in mats and ealaljashes, where it hardens, and is thus brought to this country.
— Ure.
Balm ol" Gileatl, and all Balsams not otherwise enume-
rated, lb. . . . . . .046
Balm iif flilend. — The most precious of the l)alsams is that commonly called Halm of (Jilead.
The true balsam is of il pale ye.lowisli colour, dear and transparent, about the eonsistenc-
of Venice turpentine, of a strong;, penelratin;,', a^^reeable, aromatic smell, and a slightly
bitterish pungent t iste. liy age it becomes yellower, browner, and thicker ; losing by
degrees, like volatile oils, some of its liner and more subtile parts. — Ure.
Balsiiiii (if Melikii.— Sy.M'ci and Heder are the only places iuthe lledjas\vherebah.am of Mekka,
or Halesan, can be procured in a piuc state. The tree from which it is collected grows in the
neighbouring mountains, but principally upon Djebel Sobh, and is called by the Arabs
Beshem. Ttie richer classes of the hailjys put a dro^) of balesan into the first cup of collce
they drink in the morning, from a notion that it acts as a tonic — Burchlmrdt.
The Queen of Sheba, among presents unto Solomon, brought some plants of the balsam free,
as one of the peculiar estimables of her country. — Sir T. Brown,
Bandstring Twist, doz. knots, each knot 32 yds. . .050
A manufacture generally of silk, and was formerly much in vogue for ornamenting bands and
neckcloths. — Kd.
Barilla, ton . . . . . .200
By 3 and 4 Will. IV. c. 54, § 2, Barilla, bciiij^ the produce of Europe, shall
not be imported into tbe United Kingdom to be used therein, except in Bri-
tisb ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce, or
in ships from which the goods are imported.
Drawback. — For any barilla used in the process of bleaching of linen a repay-
ment of the duties which have been paid on tbe importation of such Ijarilla
shall be made to the person so using tbe same, under such regulations as the
Commissioners of Customs shall direct. 4 and 5 WilL IV. c. 89, ^14.
By C. O., Sept. 26, 1834, the repayment its to be made under the same regula-
tions as heretofore, viz. : —
For any barilla used in tbe process of bleaching of linen, a repayment of the
duties which bad been paid on the importation of sucli Ij.irilia shall be made
to the person so using tbe same, provided that tbe person claiming such re-
payment shall, within three calendar montlis next after tbe 5th day of Ja-
nuary in each year, produce to tbe commissioners of customs an account of
tbe total quantity of barilla soused by bim in tbe preceding year, showing
when and where and by whom the duties on the same had been paid, and
where tbe same bad been used ; and shall also prove, to the satisfaction of
tbe commissioners, that tbe barilla mentioned in sucli account had, within
such year, been actually used by bim in the process of bleaching of linen ;
and tbereupon a debenture shall issue for making such repayment at the
port at or near to which such barilla shall have been so used.
Barilla and Kelp. — These two substances, whieli are largely used by the manufacturers of Iiard
soaps, are prepared trom sea weeds in a similar mamu'r to potashes, without any separation
of the earthy matters with which the alkali is c(Mnl>ined, after the process of incinei'aliou. Kelp
is chiefly the product of the common sea weed, which grows upon the rocks betvveen high and
low water marks. The best, or Alicant barilla, is made from the ashes of the salsula soda,
which is very extensively cultivated on the shores of the Meiliterranean.— J»i/cf .
See Alkali, p. 46.
Bark for TaiuiLMs' or Dyers' use, cwt. . . .008
imported from B. P. cwt. . . . . 0 0 1
The word Tan is sometimes, though improperly, used for the bark itself, which is the chief
ingrudiiait in the tanning of leather. Dak bark, on account of its great astringency, and
gummy-resinous properties, is prel'eired to all other substances for the purpose of t.mning, as
it not only preserves the leather from rutUug, but also, by condensing the pores, renders it
impervious to water.— iiwcy. Britan.
E 3
52 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— D«f«>5, (^c, [1837-8
Baivk, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
• Peruvian and Cascarilla, lb. . . . 0 0 1
Tlio Chinchona lancifolia fLunishcs the pale or common Penivian bark of the shops. It is
impovteil in chests of about 200 lb. each, chiefly in rolled-up pieces or quills, of very
various dimensions, mixed with larger and flatter pieces; tlxese dilTerences apparently
depend upon the part of the tree from wliich it has been taken. In trade, we liud these
varieties in sorts : the small and fine quilled portions, being considered as most select, bear
the highest price, and are called Crown Hark. The larger quills form a second commercial
variety ; and the flat, coarse, and broken pieces are the least esteemed. — Brande.
of other sorts, lb. . . . . 0 0 1
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, § 2, Bark of Oak, being the produce of Europe,
shall not be imported into the United Kingdom to be used therein, except in
British ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce,
or in ships from which the goods are imported.
Bark, ff'interanus, so named from Captain William Winter, who brought the bark of this tree
from the Straits of .Magellan. There are three species. — Nicholson.
The bark of the Quassia Simarouha, a n ilive of the West Indies. This bark is imported in long
and very fibro\is tiat pieces, stripped ofi" the root. It furnishes an astringent and bitter
infusion. It is a drug of very questionable utility. — Brande.
Yellow bark is the produce of the Chinchona conlilolia, or heart-le.aved Chinchona. It is found
in the shops chiefly in flat pieces, and in large rolls or quills, eight or ten inches long. —
Brnnde.
Red bark is the produce of the Chinchona oblongifolia : it tastes more astringent but less
bitter than the yellow bark, and has not the peculiar .aromatic austerity of pale bark. —
Brande.
Extract of, or of other vegetable substances to be used
only for tanning leather, cwt. ....
imported from B. P. cwt. ....
Bar Wood, ton ......
Bar wood is a red wood brought from Africa, and is used in dyeing. — Ed.
Barrels, Empty. See Casks.
Basket Rods, the bundle, (not ex. three feet in circumference
at the band) .....
Baskets, 100/. val. .....
Bast Ropes, twine, and strands, cwt.
A kind of cordage, manufactured from the rind of a tree, but now seldom used. — Ed.
Bast or Straw Hats or Bonnets. See Hats.
Platting, or other Manufacture of Bast or Straw, for
making Hats or Bonnets. See Platting.
Beads, Amber, lb. .....
Arango, 100/. val. , . . .
■ Coral, lb. .....
Crystal, 1000 .....
of Glass, lb. .... .
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c, GO.)
Jet, lb. ......
not otherwise enumerated, 100/. val.
0
3
0
0
0
1
0
5
0
0 1
0
20 0
0
0 10
0
0
12
0
20
0
0
0
15
10
1
8
6
0
1
0
0
3
2
30
0
0
Beads and Bugles. — By O. C, Oct. 28th, 1836, these articles do not cease to be Beads or Bugles
within the scope of the terms in which the rated duties are imposed, although they be strung
as necklaces and have clasps att;\ched to them.
Small globules or balls used in necklaces ; and made of different materials, as pearl, steel,
garnet, coral, diamond, amber, crystal, pastes, glass, &c. The Komanists make great use of
beads in rehearsing their Ave Marias and Paternosters. — Ency. Britan.
Beans, Kidney or French Beans, bushel . , . 0 0 10
Beef, Salted (not being Corned Beef) cwt. . . 0 12 0
Fresh or corned or slightly salted, prohibited to be imported for home tise oa
pain of forfeiture, but may be warehoused for exportation only. 3 & 4 VV.
IV., c. 52, § 58, 59, CO.
Beef Wood, unmanufactured, imported from New South
Wales, ton . . . . . .050
The Beef Wood of Australia is similar to the oak of England, but not so durable.— £d.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— D«^/e5, <^c. * 53
£ .9. d.
Beer, Mum, brl. 32 ^'al. . . . . .311
ISeer is a spirifuoiis liquor, mado from any farinaceous grain, but generally from barley. It
is, i>ro])erly sjioaUiii;;, the wine of barley.
Mum, a kind of ni;ill li<|U(ir much drank in (Jermany, and chiefly brought from Ilrunswiek,
w hich is llie place of most note for making it. — Emy. liritan.
Beer, Spruce, brl. 32 gal. . . . .360
Sjiruce beer is a cheap and vliolesome liquor. In North America, and in other countries
wliere the black and white spruce (irs abound, they make a decoction of the leaves and
small branches of these trees. It is a powerful anti scorbutic, and may prove vciy useful
in Ion;; sea voyages. — Enc;/. Uritan.
Beer or Ale of all Other sorts, 32 gal. . . . 2 13 0
Ale, a fermented licpior obtained from an infusion of malt, and differing from beer cliiedy in
having a less proportion of hops. — Eiuy. Britun.
Benjamin or Benzoin, cwt. . . . .040
The tree which produces benzoin is a native of the East Indies, parlicu'arly of the islands
Siiini aiul Sumat ra. The juice exudes from incisiims, in the former of a thick \\ hile balsam.
This resin is moderately hard and brittle, aiul yields an agree:ible smell when rubbed or
warmed. AVhen chewed, it impresses a slight sweetness on the palate.— L'rc.
Berries, Bay, Juniper, Yellow, and any other sort not other-
wise enumerated, cwt. . . . .020
The fem.-vle laurel tree, which Linnaeus has therefore entitled the Laurus nobilis. It is an
evergreen, which grows wild in Italy and France. The leaves and berries of this shrub
have an aromatic and astringent taste, and a fragrant smell, whence it is called the Sweet
Hay.— Cr(i66.
The common juniper is indigenous, growing on heaths and chalky hills. It is a low, very
branching, rigid, smooth, evergreen .shrub. The berries require to remain two years on the
tree before they are fully ripe. The greater quantity of those which are used in Britain
are brought from Germany, Holland, and Italy. The Italian benies are less shrivelled,
and have a fresher and more beautiful bloom upon them than the German, and are therefore
generally preferred. Junipi-r benies have a pi'cnliar aromatic odour, and a sweetish,
l)ungent, bitterish taste, when chewed. In liislillation with water they yield a volatile,
terebinthinate oil of a yreenish colour, on which their virtues depend.— '/'/i07H.';r)n.
Makleua, a Siamese Black Dye.—'\'\\\s is a berry growing on a large forest tree at liankok, and
used most extensively by the Siamese as a ve;;etable black dye. It i-; merely bruised in
water, when a fermentation takes place, and the article to be dyed is steeped in the wliole
and then spread out in the sun to dry. The berry when fresh is of a fine green colour, but
after being gathered for two oi- three days it becomes quite black and shrivelled like
pepper. It must be used fresh, and whilst its mixture with water produces a fermentation.
— Brewster's Edinbunjk Juurnal.
iaurt'/.— This tree is a native of Italy and the south of Europe ; but is cultivated in this
country. Laurel berries, and the oil which is obtained by boiling the berries in water, aie
imported from the Straits. The sim.ple expressed oil is insipid. — Thomson.
Bigg. See Corn.
Birds, Singing Birds, doz. . . . .080
tViimrics.— These birds at the Canary Islands, whence they take their name, are, in general,
uniformly green ; some, however, liavi; a yellow tint on their backs: their note is the same
as that o'f the tame canary. C^f all the lj;rds of the Canary Islands, that which has the
most heart-soothing son;; is unknown in Europe ; this is the capirote, which no ellort has
been able to tame. — Humboldt.
Bitumen Judaicum, cwt. . . . . .040
IJitumeu, in a liquiil stale, when it is of a brownish colour, commonly bears the name of
peti oleum, or niiueial tar, and when it is white and transparent, that of naiilitha. It tillers
through the earth and rocks, which remain impregnated with it. There are springs of it ;
those (if Baku in Persia are well known. It floats sometimes like oil upon the surface of
the watcrs.-*il/a/^c Brun.
Blacking, cwt. . . . . .3120
Bladders, doz. . . . . . 0 0 «
Blubber. See Train Oil, in Oil.
Bones of Cattle and olher Animals, and of Fish, except
Whale Fins, whether burnt or not, or as Animal Char-
coal, lUO/. val. . . . . .10 0
As to Gelatine from Bones, see Glue.
Bonnets. See Hats, and Silk.
Books, Editions printed prior to the year 1801, bound or un-
bound, cwt. . . . . . .10 0
Editions printed in or since the year 1801, bound or
unbound, cwt. . . . . . ,500
54 UNITED KINGDOM.-lMpoim.— i)«//>5, t^-c. [1837-8.
Books, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
in the foreign living languages, being of editions
printed in or since the year 1801, bound or unbound, cwt. 2 10 0
(4 & 5 W. IV., c. 89.)
First composed or written or printed in the United Kingdom, and printed or
reprinted in any other country, imported for sale, except books not reprinted
in the United Kingdom within twenty 3 ears ; or being parts of collections,
the greater part of which had been composed or written abroad ; prohibited
to be imported into the United Kingdom on pain of forfeiture. 3 & 4 W. 4,
c. 52, § 58.
By T L., Apiil 2, 1836, a prospectus written in the English language, .iltliough describing
works in foreign languages, is to be considered as an Englisli book, and subject to the
liigher duty of customs, altliough the works themselves, to which the prospectus refers, be
only subject to the lower duty.
Translations into French of the classics to be considered as books in a dead language, and pay
duty accordingly, notwithstanding any translation or commentary in a living language by
which it may be accompanied.
By T. O., Oct 3, 1818, to prevent books and maps, brought over by passengers, from being
charged w itii duty more than once, the proprietor shall, on each importation subsequent to
the original, declare that the duties were paid on their original importation, or that he
purchased them in Great Britain in a fair way of trade; that they are the identical books
or maps whicli he exported from this kingilom, and that they arc now brought back for his
private use, and not for sale in this country.
By T. O., June 29, 1830, the importation for private use of English books reprinted abroad, is
limited to a single copy for each party, accompauied by their baggage.
' See Prints brought by Passengers.
See Baggage, p. 50.
SIZES OF BOOKS.
Folio is the largest size, of which 2 leaves, or 4 pages, make a sheet.
Quarto, 4to, 4 leaves or 8 pages.
Octavo, 8vo, 8 leaves or 16 ditto.
Duodecimo, 12mo, 12 leaves or 24 ditto.
Octodecimo, 18mo, 18 leaves or 36 ditto.
Boots, Shoes, and Calashes, viz.: —
Women's Boots and Calashes, the dozen pairs . 1 10 0
if lined or trimmed with Fur or other trimming,
doz. pairs . . . . . . 1 16 0
■ Women's Shoos, with cork or double soles, quilted
Shoes and Clogs, doz. pairs . . . .16 0
if trimmed or lined with Fur or any other trimming,
doz. pairs . . . . . .19 0
Women's Shoes of Silk, Satin, Jeans, or other
Stufl's, Kid, Morocco, or other leather, doz. pairs . 0 18 0
if trimmed or lined with Fur or other trimming, doz.
pairs . . . . . .14 0
Children's Boots, Shoes, and Calashes, not exceeding
seven inches in length, to be charged with two-thirds of
the above duties.
Men's Boots, doz. pairs . . . . 2 14 0
Men's Shoes, doz. pairs . . . .14 0
Children's Boots and Shoes, not ex. seven inches in
length, to be charged with two-thirds of the above duties.
Boracic Acid, cwt. . . . . .040
This acid has been found native on the edges of hot springs near Sapo, in the territory of
Florence; also attached to specimens from the Lipari Islands, and from Monte Rotondo,
to the west of Sienna. It is in small pearly scales, and also massive, fusing at the flame of
a candle into a glassy globule. — Urc.
Borax or Tincal, cwt. . . . . .040
Refined, cwt. . ,. . . . . 0 10 0
According to Mr. Saunders, who accompanied Capt. Turner, the lake from which tincal and
rock salt are obtained is lifteen days' journey north from Teshoo-Lomboo. Jn Thibet
tincal is employed for soldering, and as a flux for promoting the fusion uf gold and silver.
1837-8,] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Ai/zV,?, .^c 55
Borax, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
The borate, or rather sub-boratc of soilu, or borax, is of great utility, cspocially in tlie
nielliiig ami soldering of metals. Tliis substance, tlie origin of whicli is disputeil, is found
as a native pro<luction in some lakes and caverns inTliibet, Nepaul, Persia, I'artary, and in
Saxony. — Matte Brun.
15or;ix and Boracic .\cid are becoming daily more important in our manufactories, and can
bo procured in no part of Kurope except Tuscany. The lagoons, in which these substances
are produced, are truly wonderlul. The borax lagoons of Tuscany are unique in Europe, if
not in the world ; and their produce is become an article of equal importance to Great
Uritain as an import and to Tuscany as an export. They are spread over a surface of
al)out 30 miles, and exhibit from the distance columns of vapour, more nr less according to
the season of the year and state of the weather, which rise in large volumes among llu;
recesses of the mountains. Tlu' sotlioni, or vapours, break forth violently in dinercnt parts
of the mountain recesses. They only produce boriu;ic acid when they burst witli a tierce
explosion. — Report on the Statistics of 'I'uscany, Lucca, the Poyitijical, and the Luinbardu-
fenetiaii States. By J. Bowvinij, LL.D.
Bottles, Glass, covered with "Wicker, doz. quarts content . 12 0
and further, cwt. . , . . .400
Green or common Glass, not of less content than one
pint, and not being phials, empty, doz. fjuarts content . 0 2 0
Green or common Glass, full, computing all bottles
of not greater content than half a pint, as of the content
of half a pint ; and all bottles of greater content than half
a pint, and not of greater content than a pint or a reputed
pint, as of the content of a pint or a reputed pint, viz. : —
imported from B. P., doz. quarts content . .010
imported from any Foreign Place, viz. : —
containing Wine or Spirits, doz. quarts content . 0 4 0
not containing Wine or Spirits, doz. quarts content 0 2 0
Pacha/jes. — By C. O., Dec. 7, 1H33, common green glass jars and similar articles used as
packages for goods imported, shall in future be admitted at the duty chargable on bottles
of green or common glass full, not containing wine or spirits, viz., 2s. the dozen quarts
content (and not the duty payable under 3 and 4 Will. 4, c. 5t), on glass manufactures not
enumerated or described, viz. 20/. per cent, ad v.alorem, and 4/. i)er cwt.J
of Glass, not Otherwise enumerated, 100^. val. . 25 0 0
and further, civt. . . . .400
Flasks in which wine or oil is imported, and glass bottles or flasks in which mineral or
natural water is imported, are »iot subject to duty.
of Earth or Stone, Empty, the doz. . . 0 0 6
Full . . . Free.
(4 and 5 WiU. 4, c. 89.)
Boxes of all Sorts, 100/. value . . . 20 0 0
Box Wood, ton . . . . .0100
(6 and 7 Will. 4, c. fiO.)
Brass, Manufactures of, not otherwise enumerated, 100/. vul. 30 0 0
Powder of, for Japanning, lb. , . .026
Brazil AVood, ton . . . . .200
The Brazil-wood derives its name from the country in whicli it grows. It is found in the
greatest abundance, and is of the best quality, in the province of Pernambuco: but it is
also found in many other parts of the western hemisphere, and in the East Indies. — Ency.
Metroi).
Brazilletto Wood, ton . . . . .046
imported from B. P., ton . . 0 3 0
Braziletto, or Jamaica wood, is brought from Japan, Santa Martha, and Pernambuco. It is
an inferior sort of Brazil wood. — Ed.
Bricksor Clinkers, 1000 . . . . .12 6
Clinkers, called Dutch Chnkers, 1000 . . 0 10 0
(6 and 7 Will 4, c. 60.)
used in the building of Churches or Chapels. See
Churches, p. GO.
Brimstone, cwt.
• Refined or in Rolls, cwt.
• in Flour, cwt.
0
0
6
0
6
0
0
9
9
56 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— X»2<//e5, ^r. [1837-8.
Byimsiona, C07if.wued, viz.: — £ s. d.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, ^ 2, Brimstone, beinw the produce of Europe, shall
not be imported into the United Kingdom to be used therein, except in
British ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce,
or in ships from which the goods are imported.
By C. O., Sept. 9, 1834, a case liavinf; recently occiirreil at one of tlio outporls, in which a
quantity of Brimstone, in cakes, was entered for tlie lUity of 6(i. per cwt. as rough Brim-
stone, whereas the same proved to have kou" through some process of manufacture or re-
lining, and to be similar in quality to the article imported in rolls, although not cast into
that sliape, and to be subject to the duty of ("iS. per cwt. chargeable on Brimstone refined or
in rolls, it is directed, that all similar importations be charged with the duty of Gs. per cwt.
Sulphur is abundant among volcanic pioducts, and in union with various metals forms some
of the most abundant and important metallic ores ; such are the sulplnnets of copper, of
lead, of mercury, &c. Native sulphur is imported into England from Sicily and Naples,
and largely consumed by the manufacturers of sulj)huric acid and of gunpowder, and by
the bleachers of cotton goods. Roll sulphur is chiefly obtained by roasting sulphuret of
copper. Sublimed sulphur, or flowers of sulphur, is obtained by heating sul|)hur, and is
condensed in receptacles, in the form of a line pow der ; the residue is called suli)hur vivum
in old pharmacoi)U'ioe. Sublimed sulphur, or very flnely powdered native sulphur, is used
medicinally. — Brande.
There is in the Island of Java a volcano, called Mount Idienne, from which the Dutch East
India Company have often been supplied with sulphur for the manufacture of gunpowder.
At the foot of this volcano is a vast natural manufactory of that acid commonly called oil of
vitriol, although it is a lake about 1200 feet long. — Lardner's Cabinet Cyclupcedia.
Bristles, viz. : —
Rough, and in Tufts, and not in any way sorted, lb. . 0 2
in any way sorted or arranged in colours, and not en-
tirely rough and in tufts, lb. . . . . . 0 0 3|
If any part of the bristles in a package be such as to be subject to the liigher
duty, the whole contents of the package shall be subject to the higher duty.
Bristles, a rigid glossy kind of hair, found on swine, and much used by brushmakers, shoe-
makers, saddlers, and others. They are chiefly imported from Russia and Poland. — iVj-
cJwlsun.
Brocade of Gold or Silver, 100/. val 30 0 0
A silken stuff, variegated with colours of gold or silver. — Juhnsun.
Bronze, all works of art made of Bronze, cwt. . . .10 0
Other manufactures of Bronze, 100/. val. . . 30 0 0
(4 and 5 W. IV., c. 89.)
It appears, from a number of experiments, that the bronze of which the ancients formed their
weapons and other articles consists of 88 parts of copper to 12 of tin ; and it is remarkal)le
that the same admixture of the metals has been employed in nations very remote from each
otl.'cr. — Begister of Arts and Sciences.
Bugles, lb. (C and 7 W. 4,0. 60.) 0 10
A kind of glass bead, imported piincipally from the shores of the Mediterranean, and sujiplicd
by us to the Asiatic and African markets.— £■</.
Bullion and Foreign Coin, of Gold or Silver, and Ore of Gold
or Silver, or of which the major part in value is Gold or
Silver. ......... Free.
By 3 and 4 AV. 4, c. 52, § 2. BulUon may be landed in the United Kingdom
without report, entry, or warrant.
Gold. — The great value which has always been attached to this metal has occasioned its dis-
covery in many parts of the world, particularly in the Brazils, Mexico, and Peru ; also in the
sands of many rivers in Africa, Sumatra, Japan, Transylvania, Hungary, Italy, in the
county of Wicklow in Ireland, and more or less in almost every country. Its malleability
and ductility are so great, that it may be extended into leaves not more than the three hun-
dred thousandth part of an inch in thickness —Jtii/ce.
Silver. — 'I'he ores of silver are rather numerous, and are found in almost every country, but
particularly in Mexico, Peru, Saxony, Bohemia, the llartz, and Guadalcanal in Spain ; also
in France, Norway, and Siberia : it has also been found in Cornwall and Devonshire. Silver
not being easily tarnished by exposure to air, and possessing a considerable degree of metal-
lic splendour, is used in the manufacture of trinkets, as well as the making of coin ; for the
latter jiurpose it is alloyed with a small quantity of copper to increase its hardness, and
consequent durability. It is extremely tough and malleable, although not in so great a
degree as gold; it does not furnish the artist with any good colour; but its solution in
nitric acid is used to impress indelible characters on linen, cottoiij &c. — Joyce.
Bull Rushes, load of 63 bundles 0 12 0
Bull-rushes are chiefly imported from Russia and the Netherlands ; and are used in manufac-
turing baskets, seats of chairs, and some other articles. — Ed.
J 837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z?M^?(?s, <^ff. 57
£ s. d.
Butter, cwt. . • . . . . . . 10 0
Buttons, 100/. val. 20 O O
Cables, not being Iron Cables, tarred or unturrcd, cwt. . 0 10 9
not bein<r Iron Cables, in actual use ofa British ship,
andbcinjifit and necessary for such shi]), and not or until
otherwise disposed of ...... Free.
if, and when otherwise disposed of, 100/. val. . . 20 0 0
Cakes, Linseed. See Linseed.
Oil Seed Cakes. See Oil.
Rape Cakes. See R.
Calashes. See Boots, p. 54.
Calicoes brou<?ht as baggage. See Baggage, p. 50.
Cambrics. See Linen.
Camomile Flowers, lb. ...... 0 0 3
Camomile or Chamomile flowers have long been celebrated as an aromatic bitter : they de-
ri\e their aroma from essential oil. — Ure,
Camphor, cwt. ........ 0 1 0
Refined, cwt. . . . . . . 2 0 0
The Dryobalanops Camphora is a native of forests on the north-western coast of Sumatra,
and especially in the vicinity of Tapanooly. It is stated by Mr. I'rince to be found in
abiindaiioe from the back of Ayer Kongey, as far north as Hacongan, a distance of 250
miles. It grows to a gieat height. The camphor is found in a concrete state, and resembles
wliitish flakes in perpendicular layers, occupying a space the thickness of a man's arm.
A middle-sized tree will yield nearly eleven pounds, and a large tree double thai quantity.
— Thomson.
Camwood, ton . .... ... 0 5 0
Camwood is produced chiefly at Sierra Leone, but is occasionally brought from Brazil. Its
principal use is in dyeing and in turnery. — Ed.
Candles, Spermaceti, lb. . ..... 0 2 6
Tallow, cwt. . . . . . . .334
■ Wax, lb. 0 2 6
Candlewick, cwt. . . . . . . . 4 8 8
CanellaAlba, lb. ... .... 0 0 1
This bark is imported from the West Indies, generally in long quilled pieces of a pale Initt
colour, an agreeable aromatic odour, ami a warm pungent and somewliat bitter tasie. The
Materia M edica is already tlironged with arumatics, and cauella bark has nothing to recom-
mend its preference — Brande.
Canes, Bamboo, 1000 .......
. Rattans, not ground, 1000 ....
Reed Canes, 1000
"Walking Canes or Sticks, mounted, painted, or other-
wise ornamented, 100/. val. . . . . . 20 0 0
• Whangees, Jaraboo, Ground, Rattans, Dragon's
Blood, and other Walking Canes or Sticks, 1000 . . 0 5 0
Of canes a great variety is found in the Indian islands. The most remarkable are the Bam-
boos, w hicli are found ('verywhere in the w ild and cultivated stale. When they grow to per-
lection, forty or lilty feet is a common height.— C'jHH/Mrd.
Cantharides, lb. .... "... 0 1 0
Hy 4 and 5 W. 4, c. 89, § 5, no abatement of the duties shall be made on ac-
count of any damage received by Cantharides.
We are chiefly supplied w ilh Cantharides from Astracan and Sicily, whence they are imported
in casks and chests. They should be dry and free from mould and du.st, ofa strong nau-
seous odoui", brilliant colour, and not mixed with other beetles, which is frequently the case
to a great extent. Tliey may lie kept lor any length of time in a dry place, and secured
from air; but they are very liable, notwithstanding their acrimony, to the attacks of sm.ill
insects, which gradually reduce them to dust, without, however, materially allVcliug their
activity. — Brande.
0
5
0
0
5
0
0
5
0
58 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Pm//m, ^^c. [1837-8.
£ s. d.
Caoutchouc, cwt. . . . . . . . 0 10
Caoutchouc is ajuice exuding from a tree common in South America ; it is a substance of
the consistence and colour of cream, which, in concreting, may be made to assume any
form ; and generally comes here in the shape of small bottles, wliicli talie tlieir form from
the mould of baked clay, over which layers of the substance are laid, and successively coa-
gnlated. A solution of caoutchouc renders cloth, linen, &c. impervious to any kind of mois-
ture, and will make even a cotton sack water-tight. It has been found that the caout-
chouc, in its pure state, may be coloured or scented ; it may also be cast into any form ; and
it has been suggested that it might be rendered exceedingly serviceable if used as seals to
important records. — Ed.
Capers, including the pickle, lb. . . . . . 0 0 6
Dr. Smith says, that the caper-bush is as common in the South of France, as the bramble is
with us. 5lr. Kay observed it wild on the walls of Rome, Sienna, and Florence. Between
Marseilles and Toulon, and in many parts of Italy, it is cultivated on a large scale for the
sake of the young buds of the flowers, which are pickled for the table, and exported in con-
siderable quati tides. — Rees.
Messrs. Veniere and Co.. of Bristol, are importers of Capers from France. — Ed.
Caps. See Silk.
Capsicum. See Pepper.
Cardamoms, lb. . . . . . . . . 0 10
Extract or Preparation of. See Extract.
Cardamom Seeds. — These seeds, contained in their capsuh's or pods, are imported from Bengal
ill cases of about I cwt. each; tliose which are small, broad, and heavy, are preferable to
the longer kinds, which contain fewer seeds, and less closely packed. — Brande.
Cards. Playing Cards, doz. packs . . . . . 4 0 0
No plaj'ing cards which, having been made out of the United Kingdom, shall
be imported, shall be deposited in warehouse pursuant to the General Ware-
housing Act (Part 7.) without the name of the foreign maker, or having the
name, &c. of any British card maker thereon, — but shall be forfeited. 9 Geo.
4, c. 18.
Foreign Playing Cards. — By C. O., May 11, 1836, foreign cards, seized in consequence of
the name and address of the maker not being marked on the outside wrapper of each pack,
allowed to be returned to the port of sliipmeut on proof that no fraud was contemplated by
the shippers.
Carmine, oz. . . . . . ,006
Carmine is a beautiful red precipitate of the colouring matter of cochineal, — Rees.
Carrebe. See Succinum.
Carriages of all sorts, 100/. val 30 0 0
• in use by passengers. See Baggage, p. 50.
Cases, Empty. See Casks.
Casks, Empty, 100/. val 50 0 0
By C. O., May 5, 1835, empty packages of British manufacture, exported with merchandise
and returned, are to be admitted to entry did;/ free.
By C. O., October 20, 1835, packages from which wine ov spirits have been [racked or drawn
off, or started or destroyed, are to be delivered free of duty.
Cassava Powder, the produce of, and imported from B. P. in
America, cwt. .......
Cassia, Buds, lb. .......
Fistula, lb. (6 and 7 Will. 4, c, GO.)
The pods are brought from the East and West Indies ; they are about half or threefoiivths of
an inch thick, one or two f(;et Ion.', black, and furrowed upon one side. The East Indian
pods are generally preferable to the others ; but they have of late become very scarce in
the British market, in consequence of want of demand. — Brande.
Lignea, lb. . . . . .. 0 10
. imported from B. P. lb. . . . 0 0 6
Cassia Lignea, wild senna, a purgative fruit, brought from the East, being the produce of a
tree of the same name, called in English the pudding-pipe tree. This is sometimes more
particularly denominated Cassia Fistularis, by way of distinction from another drug called
Cassia Lignea. There are four kinds of cassia, alike in properties, and nearly in tigure ;
being all in long black pods; but very different, if considered with regard to the trees that
produce them. These are, the cassia of the Levant, that of Kgypt, that of Brazil, and that
of the Antilles Islands. — Rcc.s.
M. Batka is induced to view the cassia as only another variety of cinnamon, and that the
Chinese cassia hark is the produce of an undescrihed species. Cassia buds he considers as
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— luvonrs.—Dulies, ^c. 59
Cassia, continued, viz. : — £ s. d
pi'iliaps the fruit of tlie I^nurus Manillensis of Cavanillos ; the Otnn wiimi, or Kast India
copal, whidi lias been ranked by some as the produce of the Vnluria Indica, and by others
as a species o{ Etrrocnrpus, lie has determined to be the produce of the lli/iiiencea vcrruaisa.
—Trans. I.in. Socicfi/.
Castor, lb. . . , . . . 0 0 6
Two kinds of ca^toraro met with in trade ; the best is from Kussia, Prussia, and Poland, and
now scarcely to be obtained: the pods are larf,'e and firm, and their eoiiteuts dry, of a red
brown colour, pulverulent but somewhat toufjli, of a strong and jieculiar odour, and a bitter
nauseous taste. 'J'he other kind of castor is imported from Canada, and is the only variety
now to bo procured in the drii;,' market : the pods are usually flatter, smaller, and moister
than the former; and their contents so miscellaneous, as to baffle all attempts at descrip-
tion,— Bmndc.
Castsof Busts, Statues, or Figures, cwt. . . 0 2 6
Casts of sculptures or models, first made in the United Kingdom, copies of,
prohibited to be imported. See this more fully under Stone, Sculptured.
Catechu. See Terra Japonica.
Catlings, gross of 12 doz. knots . . . 0 6 4
Catlings, strings for musical instruments, made of the intestines of animals, dried and twisted.
Great quantities are brought from Italy and France. — Ed.
Cuttle, Great, prohibited to be imported on pain of forfeiture. 2 and 3
Will. 4, c. 52, ^S 58.
His Majesty may, by order in cotincil, proliibit the importation of, on ]iain of
forfeiture, in order to prevent any contagious distemper. 3 and 4 Will. 4,
c. 52, § 58.
Caviare, cwt. . . . . . 0 12 0
Caviar, or Caviare. — The roe of two kinds of sturgeon found in the Danube, Yaik, and parti-
cularly tlie Volga ; and in the sea near their mouths. That of the latter is the more esteem-
ed. It is a very consiilerable article of commerce at Astrakhan, and is consumed in large
quantities in Kussia and the Levant, where it is commonly eaten spread upon bread, or
bread and butter, without any iireparation whatever. — Ency.Mctrup.
Cedar, ton. . , . . . . 0 10 0
(6 and 7 Will. IV „ c. GO.)
There are two species, both stately trees, producing the wood called cedar, used for furniture ;
it is not the cedar of which lead pencils are made (which is the wood of the Juniperinus
Virginiana); the C.odorata abounds in the West Indies, particularly in the island of Cuba,
whence large quantities are imported into Lngland. C. toona is a native of the East
Indies ; this, or a species allied to it, is abundant in New South Wales. — Ency. Mctrop.
Chalk, prepared or otherwise manufactured, 100/. val. . 10 0 0
unmanufactured, 100/. val. . . .500
(Gaud? Will. IV., c. GO.)
Chalk is a white fossil, usually reckoned a stone, but by some ranked among the boles
It is used in medicine as au absorbent, and is celebrated for curing the heartburn. —
C/iambers.
Chapels. See Churches.
Charts. See Maps.
Cheese, cwt. . . . . . 0 10 6
By 4 and 5 Will. 4, c. 89, cheese deposited in warehouses of special securi/i/,
when taken out for home use, the duty shall be charged upon the quantity
actually delivered.
By T. O., 29tli November, 1S26, on the delivery for home use of cheese deposited in ware-
houses of extra security, fitted up in the proper manner, an .allowance is to be made for
the natural waste that may have arisen thereon in such warehouses, not exceeding 3 per
cent, for the first 12 month?, on the quantities ascertained at the time of the lirst entry
and landing the same ; and for any term exceeding 12 months an allow ance not exceeding
4 per cent.
The most celebrated foreign cheeses are the Parmesan from Italy, the Gruyere from Switzer-
land, tlie Rocliefort (of ewes' milk) and Neul'chatel from France. In Lapland, the milk of
reindeers forms a cheese. — Ency. Mctrnp.
Cherries, cwt. . . . . . ... 0 18 8
dried, lb. . . . . ,008
60 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Dw/i'es, ^-c. [1S37-8.
Chicory, or any other vegetable matter applicable to the uses
of chicory or cotfee : —
Raw or Kiln-dried, cwt. . . . 10 0
■ Roasted or Ground, cwt. . . . 2 16 0
(6 and 7 Will. 4, c. 60.)
Tliisroot is of a rery astriugent and bitter quality, growing to the size of parsnips, and llie
substitution of it for coffee was first made to a very yreat extent under the immediate
sanction of Buonaparte, wlien lie first forbad the introduction of the genuine article into his
dominious, in order to distress the English colonial trade. — Ed.
Chillies. See Pepper.
China Root, lb. . . . . . .003
China. For the regulations touching the trade with, see China, Part
10.
China or Porcelain Ware, viz. : —
Plain, 100/. val. . . . . . 15 0 0
• Painted, Gilt, or ornamented, 100/. val. . . 30 0 0
or Porcelain Ware, brought with Baggage. See Bag-
gage, p. 50.
Chintzes, brought as baggage. See Baggage, p. 50.
Chip, Manufactures of, to make hats or bonnets. See Plat-
ting.
Chocolate. See Cocoa Paste, next page.
Churches. The duties of Customs and Excise on Stone,
Slate, Bricks, Timber, or other Materials, brma. fide pro-
cured for, and used in the building, rebuilding, or en-
larging of any Churches or Chapels, under the regulations
of the Acts 58 Geo. 3, c. 45 ; 59 Geo. 3, c. 134 ; and 3 Geo.
4., c. 72, may be remitted under the authority of the
Lords of the Treasury.
By 1 Vict. c. 75, July 17, 1837, continued for 10 years from July 20, 1838,
and thence unto the end of the next session of Parliament.
Cider, ton . . . . . .21100
Cinders, ton . . . . . .200
Cinnabaris, Nativa, lb. . . . . .001
Cinnabar, a mineral substance, red, heavy, and brilliant; found chiefly in the quicksilver
mines, and being one of Die ores of that mineral. The best mineral cinnabar is of a high
colour, brilliant, auil free from stony matter. It is used by physicians in cases occasioned
by sharp serosities. — Rees.
Cinnamon, lb. . . . . ..010
imported from B. P. lb. . . . .006
This shrub does not attain more than three feet at its greatest height. The best cinnamon is
the thinnest extremity of the twigs ; the worst, the tliick pail.jfear the roots. To be good
the bark must be smootli, but nut soft nor crumbling. Ciirnanion is now principally im-
ported from Ceylon, nm\ every English housewife possesses, in her spice-box an article,
which, in the days of Caleu, was considered too precious/to belong to any but an imperial
ow ner. — Enctj. Melrup.
Citrat of Lime, lb. . . . . .002
Sail formed by citric acid or acid of limes. It has been found nearly unmixed with other acids,
not only in lemons, oranges, and limes, but also in berries, grapes, and tamarinds. — lire.
Citric Acid, lb. . . . . . .006
Citron Preserved with Salt, 100/. val. . . . 20 0 0
■ Preserved with Sugar. See Succades.
Citron Water. See Spirits.
Civet, oz. . . . . . . .049
Civet is an unctuous substance secreted in a bag near the tail of a fierce quadruped, the Viverra
zibetha of Linnaeus, a native of the Brazils, the coast of Guinea, and the East Indies. Num-
bers of them are kept in Holland for purposes of commerce. Civet is of a clear yellowish or
brownish colour, about the consistence of honey, and uniform throughout. Undiluted, the
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z)«/?V5, .^^c. CI
Civet, continued, viz : — £ s. d.
smoll is ofTi'nsively slroiii; ; but \v!u>ii mixeil witli other substiinpos it lu'comos a most fra^'ant
perfiimi', fur wliich piiri^se it is most Irocnicntly used, being now rarely employed in meUieiiie.
— Eni'y, Metriip.
Clinkers. See Bricks, p. 55.
Clocks, 100^. val, . . . . . 25 0 0
Clocks and watches of any metal, impressed with any mark or stamp appearin;^
to be or to represent any legal British assay, mark, or stamp, or purporting
by any mark or appearance to be of the manufacture of the United King-
dom, or nt)t having the name and place of abode of some foreign maker
abroad visible on the frame and also on the face, or^not being in a complete
state, with all the parts properly fixed in the case, prohibited to be imported
on pain of forfeiture. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 58.
By T. L. Sept. 1828, tlie foresoin^ regulation is not to be enforced as to Clocks and Watches
tut private use, the party declaring liis ignorance of the law.
Cloves. See Spices.
Coals, ton . . . . . .200
Some n:\tiualisfs have asserted, that coal constitutes .a true rock formation, 'or original deposite,
.and tberefcire not deriving its origin from vegetibles or any other organic matter. A more
accurate knowledge of the nature of organic combinations, an advantage which we owe to the
progress of chemical science, does not permit us any longer to consiiier coal as a combination
of carbon with bitumen. The transition of vegetable wood to the mineral, which is called Bi-
tuminous Wood, or more properly Fossil Wood, is so manifest, th.at, in m.any cases, one
might think he could determine with certainly the species of wood which gave rise to the ex-
istence of the mineral — Edinh. Philosoph. Journal.
Cobalt, cwt. . . . . . .010
By far the greatest part of the cobalt which is used in this country comes from the Saxon mines
under the form of zaflre, a very impure subst.ance. The cobalt ores are also found in Corn-
wall, and w ill most probably be soon discovered in various parts of this kingdom. The coloin-
of the dilTerent cobalt ores are silver and tin white, steel grey, straw yellow, llesh red, crimson,
brown, and black. — Joyce.
Cochineal, lb. . . . . . .006
produce of and imported from B. P. lb. . . 0 0 2
Dust, lb. . . . . .002
produce of and imported from B. P. lb. . 0 0 1
The cochineal is an insect growing upon a plant called Nopal, which, with the exception of
the leaves, resembles in every respect the («?ws of Andalusia. The insect resembles in
shape the lady-bird, and, when arrived at its full size, is no larger than a flea. 'I'he juice
of this plant, which is its only moisture, is converted into its own substance ; and, instead
of being fluid and aqueous, assumes a beautiful carmine hue. — Kncy. Melrop.
The principal adulteration to which cochineal is liable, is the admixture of a manufactured
imitation composed of coloured dough. These spurious grains are detected by the action
of boiling water, which dissolves and disintegrates them, while it has little action upon the
genui!ie insect. — Bramle.
There is a small insect peculiar to the Russo-.\rmenian provinces on the eastern side of the
Caucasus, from which a Greek archimandrite has at last succeeded in extracting a dye,
which imparts a brilliant carmine to silk, woollen, and cotton substances, and resists the
application of the most powerful acids. — Athenaum, No. 260.
Cocoa, lb. . . . . . . 0 0 G
produce and imported from B. P. lb. . .002
Husks and Shells, lb. . . . .001
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, ^ 32, no abatement of duties shall be made on
account of any damage received by cocoa.
As to certificate of growth, see Coffee.
It shall lie lawfid for the commissioners of cu.stoms to accept the
abandonment, for the duties, of any quantity of warehoused cocoa, and to
cause or permit the same to be destroyed, and to deduct such quantity of
cocoa, from the total quantity of the same importation, in computing the
amount of the deficiency of such total quantity. 3 and 4 VVill. IV.,
c. 57, ^ 33.
Paste or Chocolate, lb. . . .044
produce of and imported from B. P. lb. . 0 0 1
Cocoa, or cacao nut, is a kind of nut growing on a tree in the West Indies. The cocoa or
chocolate nut is a IVuit of an oblong figure, resembling a large olive in size and shape. It
62 UNITED KINGDOM.— lMPOiiTS.—-D«/?V.?, ^r. [1837-8.
Cocoa, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
is composed of several irregular and unequ:il parts, which, however, coliere firmly enough
together. It is of a very fragrant and agreeable smell, and of a pleasant and peculiar
taste. The cocoa or chocolate nuts are found in the cavity of the large nut, and are
usually in the number of about 30 in each fruit. It is of these nuls that cocoa, cocoa-paste,
and cliocolate are manufactured. Messrs. Fry and Sous, of liristol, are celebrated manu-
facturers of cocoa. — Ed.
Coco, or Coker Nut. See Nuts.
Cocoa Nut Fibre.
IJy O. C, July 27, 1835, Coir or cocoa nut fibre is to be admitted at all times, and under all
circumstances, at the duty payable on hemp, viz., the cwt. Id.
Cocoa nnt fibre is now used as a substitute for horsehair, ilock, and other materials in
bedding, stuffing furniture, carriage cushions, &c. It is said to be very durable and elastic,
and about one-third the price of horse-hair. — Ed.
Coculus Indicus, lb. . . . . .020
'■ Extract or Preparation of. See Extract.
By 4 and 5 Will. IV.. c. 89, § 5, no abatement of the duties shall he made on
account of any damage received by Coculus Indicus.
Coculus Indicus. — The fruit of the Menispermum Coculus, a shrub which grows in sand amid
rocks on the coasts of Malabar, and other parts of the East Indies. Tlie fruit is blackish,
and of the size of a large pea. — Vre.
Cocus Wood. See Ebonv.
Codilla. See Flax.
Coffee, lb. . . . . . .013
produce of and imported from B. P. in America, lb. 0 0 6
Certifrate. — By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 37, coffee, cocoa, or spmts which
shall be entered as being of the produce of son>e B. P. in Amtrica, or the
island of Mauritius, the master of the ship importini:^ the same shall deliver
to the collector or comptroller a certificate, under the hand of the proper
officer of the place where such goods were taken on board, testifying that
proof had been made in manner required by law that such goods are of the
produce of some B. P. in America, or of the island of Mauritius, stating
the name of the place where such goods were produced, and the qiiantity
and quality of the goods, and the number and denomination of the packages
containing the same, and the nam.e of the ship in which they are laden and
of the master thereof: and such master shall also make and subscribe a
declaration before the collector or comptroller, that such certificate was
received by him at the place where such goods were taken on board, and
that the goods so imported are the same as are mentioned therein.
produce of Sierra Leone, and imported thence, lb. . 0 0 6
(5 and 6 Will. IV., c. 66.)
By T. M., June 24, 1837, on t!u' sulyeet of the amount of duty to be paid upon a cargo of coffee
"from the islands of St. Thomas and Prince's on the Aftican coast, it is stated, that as
those islands belong to Portugal, it appears to tlieir lordships that coifee the produce of
those islands is neither admissible under the letter of the Act, nor mider the spirit and
intention of the orders by wliich their lordships directed that collee grown in the neighbour-
hood of the Hrilisli hcUlcnicuts , although not actually within their limits, should be intro-
duced at the lower rate of duty.
the produce of B. P. within the limits of the East
India Company's charter, and imported from such Pos-
sessions, lb. . . . . . .006
imported from any other place within those limits, lb. 0 10
(5 and 6 Will. IV., c. 66,^ 1.)
Certijicale. — No coffee shall be entered as being the produce of any B. P.
within the limits of the East India Company's charter, unless the master of
the ship importing the same shall have delivered to the collector or comp-
troller a certificate under the hand and seal of the proper officer at the place
where such coffee was taken on hoard, testifying that a declaration in writing
had been made and signed before him (the contents of which he had
examined and believed to be true) by the shipper of such coflfiie, that the
same was really and bond fide the produce of some such B. P., nor unless
such inaster shall also make and subscribe a declaration before the collector
or comptroller that such certificate was received by him at the place where
such coffee was taken on board, and that the coffee so imported is the same
as is mentioned therein. § 2.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— 7)m//m, c^-c. C?
Coffee, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Damage. — By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 32, no abatement of duties shall bo
made on account of any damage received by Coffee.
Abandonment. — It shall be lawful for the commissioner.^ of customs to accept
the abandonment, for the duties, of any (juantity of warehoused coffee, and
to cause or permit the same to be dusfroj'ed, and to deduct such quantity
of coffee irom the total quantity of the same importation, in computing
the amount of the deficiency of such total quantity. 3 and 4 Will, IV., c. 57.
^ 33.
CoflFee is extensively produced in the East and West Indies, in E^'ypt, Sierra I,eonp, and
various otlier parts of Asia, Africa and America. Its use has become general. — En.
Tlie main and almost sole staple of Mocha is coffee, of which Arabia was tlie original country,
and produces it of an excellence wliich is still unrivalled. It is a small tree or slirul),
which rises to the heifiht of sixteen or eighteen feet, and has loaves about live inches lon<5
and two l)road. Tlie only v.ilual)le part is the fruit, whicli grows iu clusters, resembles a
cherry, and is gathered when of a deep red. — Edinburgh Oaxclfcei:
No individual who continually uses coffee can be suliject to putrid fevers ; and in the
east of Europe, it is consi<lered as the only certain remedy for the cure of the plague. —
Dr. Thornton s Botankiil Lectures.
To Roast Coffee. — Instead of roasting the coffee in an atmosphere of its own steam, it will bo
lietler to dry it on a large iron pan over a very gentle lire, keeping it constantly stirring, so as
to present now surfaces, imtil the colour become yi'Uow. In this way, the chief part of the
water will be dissipated without exerting any detriuieutal iullueuce on the substance which
is afterwards to form the aromatic liitter. After being thus dried, the coffee should be pounded
into coarse fragments, by no moans too line ; eadi Uermd, as it occurs, being divided, perliaps,
into tour or live parts. In this state, it is to be transferred hito roasting apparatus, and scorched
to the proper di'gree. — Cabinet Ci/rkiptedia.
To make C'o//(c.— Infusion in Ixiiling water extracts the aroma without the whole of the bitter ;
but long boiling extracts all the liitter and dissipates all the aroma ; and hence we mav infer
that any elVeclivi' degree of boiling must be in a slight degree injurious. The rii'lit modi- of
procceifiug is lliereUpve obvious. The whole water to be used is' to In- divided into two ecpiiil
parts, one of which is to be drawn on the coifee, but in an inverted order. In the usual order,
boiling water is allowed to cool on coffee ; but if this be inverted, cold water should be lieated
on coffee, over the lire, niitil it come to a boil, and then it is to be removed. This inversion
cannot differ from tlie direct mode with regard to retaining the aroma : but it differs much
with regard to the advantage of obtaining the liquid coffee at the end of the process boiling
hot, instead of cool, and tlius making a rehe iting necessary, which is always injurious.
As soon as the liquor comes to aboil, it should be allowed to subside a few seconds, and
then poured off as clear as it will run. Immetliately, the romahiing half of the water at a
lioilmg heat is to be poured on the grounds ; the vessel is to be placed on the fire, and kept
boiling for about three minutes. This will extract all the bitterness left in the grounds ; and
after a few moments' subsidence, the clear part is to be poured off and mixed with the former
liquor. This mixed li(|niir now contains all the qualities which originally existed in the
roasted coffee in perfection, and it is as hot as any taste could desire it. There is little
doubt that the pungent aroma of coffee is perceived by tlie p;il!ite nuich more acutely when
the liquor is very hot, and the fact is generally admitted. — Cabinet Ci/clopcedia.
To make Coffee us the French make it. — Have a coffee-pot w ith a lip ; pour into it as many
cups of boiling water as you wish to make cups of coffee ; let the water boil, then put in
as many table spoonfuls of cofi'ee as there are cups of water, stir it iu, and let it simmer
till the head falls. When tl:e coffee is done, take it off the fire, pour in a cup of cold water,
set the coffee on the hearth, and let it stjind ten minutes, when it will be fine. For
breakfast, put one cupful of this coffee to three or four cupfuls of boiled milk and sweeten
to your taste, and you will find it a luxury, at a small expense, as great as wealth can
procmre. — Household Almanac.
Coin, Copper. See Copper.
Foreign, of Gold or Silver. See Bullion, p. 56.
False money or counterfeit sterling and silver of the realm, or any money
purportini^ to be such, not being of the established standard weight and
fineness, prohibited to be imported on pain of forfeiture, 3 and 4 Will. 4,
c. 5'2, §58.
Coir Fibre. vSee Cocoa Nuts.
• Rope, Twine, and Strands, cwt.
Old, and fit only to be made into mats, ton
Colocynth, lb. . . . . .
This trailing plant is a nativeof Turkey and Nubia. The fruit when ripe is about the size
of an orange: it is imported dried, and generally peeled. That Colocyulh pulp which is
dense and deep grey, or dirty brown, is uuhealthy, or has beeti injured in drying — Brande.
Colophonia. See Rosin.
Columbo Root, lb. . . . . .002
Columbo-root, an article lately introduced iu the materia mcdica, the ratural history of
0
5
0
0
5
0
0
0
2
64 UNITED KINGDOM— Imports.— Duties, ^fc. [1837-8.
Columbo-root, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
wliicli is not yet well known. Columbo, a to\ni of Ceylon, gives name to, and supplies
all India witli, it. This root comes to us in circular pieces, which are from half an inch
or an inch to three inches iu diameter. — Enci/. Britan.
Comfits, lb. . . . . . .010
Dry sweetmeats : any kind of fruit or root, preserved with s\igar, and dried. — Johnson.
Copper Ore, cwt. . . . . .0120
. produce of and imported from B. P. in America,
cwt. • . . . .
■ Old, fit only to be re-manufactured, cwt. .
In Plates and Copper Coin, cwt.
— Unwrouijht, in Bricks or Pigs, Rose Copper, and
all Cast Copper, cwt. . . . .
in Part Wrought, viz. Bars, Rods, or Ingots, ham-
0 1
0
0 15
0
1 10
0
mered or raised, cwt. . . . . 1 15 0
Manufactures of Copper otherwise than enumerated,
and copper-plates engraved, 100/. val. . . . 30 0 0
produce of and imported from B. P. within the limits
of the East India Company's charter, viz. Ore, cwt.
Old, fit only to be re-manufuctured, cwt.
in Plates and Copper Coin, cwt.
Unwrought, in Bricks or Pigs, Rose Copper, and all
0
1
0
9
0
15
Cast Copper, cwt. . . . . .092
in Part Wrought, viz. Bars, Rods, or Ingots, ham-
mered or raised, cwt. . . . . .1113
Manufactures of Copper not otherwise enumerated,
and copper-plates engraved, 100/. val. . . . 30 0 0
It shall be lawful for flie importer or proprietor of any copper ore warehoused
to give notice to the proper officers of customs of his intention to take such
ore out of warehouse to be smelted, stating in such notice the quantity of
copper computed to be contained in such ore, and delivering to such officers
sufficient samples or specimens for ascertaining by proper assays, at the
expense of the proprietor, such quantity of copper, and giving sufficient
security by bond for retiu-ning such quantity of copper into the warehouse;
and if such officers be satisfied of the fairness of the samples or specimens
of such ore, and of the assays made of the same, and of the security given,
they sliall deliver such ore for the purpose of being smelted as aforesaid :
Provided, that if any copper ore intended to be so smelted shall be imported
into any port where such ore or where copper cannot l)e warehoused, the
same may be entered as being to be warehoused at the port at which the
copper after smelting is to be warehoused, and such ore shall thereupon be
taken account of and delivered for the purposes aforesaid, in like manner
as if the same had been warehoused : Provided also, that all copper so
produced by smelting sliall be deemed to be copper imported, and shall be
warehoused as such. 3 and 4 Will. 4,c. 57, § 36.
By T. O;, Dec. 21, 1827, autlwrity is given to allow old copper sheathing to be delivered duty
free, upon the proof that the said sheathing is of British manufacture, viz. by requiring the
party who may claim remission of duty on old copper sheathing as British, to slate the time
when, and the liritish port wliere, the vessel was last sheathed ; to produce the tradesmen's
bills and receipts for the sheathing, or other satisfactory proof of the fact ; and that the
copper stripped from the vessel, and upon wliich remission of the duty is claimed, is the
identical copper with which she had been so sheathed, such copper to be then delivered
duty free to tlie British copper manufacturer by whom the vessel is to be re-coppered in
this country.
By C. O., Dec. 17, 1828, old copper sheathing and all copper utensils returned to this kingdom
from the British plantations, and also old copper stripped off vessels iu ports in the
United Kingdom, is to be admitted to entry, dntij free, under the following regulations, viz. :
1st. Old copper sheathing, stripped offa British vessel in a British I'ossession, and brought
iu such vessel, upon the master of the vessel making proof to the fact that the copper had
been stripped oil" in a Briiisli port abroad.
2nd. Old copper sheathing of British ships stripped oflf in ports in the British Possessions,
but not brought in such ships, upon the production of certificates from the principal officers
of this revenue in the said possessions that such copper had been stripped oflf such vessels
in their ports.
3rd. Old copper sheathing stripped off any ship in ports in the United Kingdom, upon the
fact being certified by tlie lauding waiter siiiierinteuding the process.
0 5
0
0 5
0
0 1'2
0
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM— Imports.— Dm/Zc*, ^fc. G5
CoPPKR, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
In all three e:i9i"8 tlie nld ciipju'r to I>e doliviTcvl only to the coin)or-sniitli, who may ru-eojUH-r
the vi-dsi'l fiom wliirh the co|>ii(M- was striiijie.l, he niaUiii;; iirnufof that fact.
4th. All worn-out British copper iilensili; to l,e, in all cases, delivered when hroi\i;ht fuiiu
Kritish Possessions abroail in iliitisli ship.-;, upon tlie consignee submittin;; proof that tliey
had been used on a particilar e.ilate, anl are eonsi;^ned to him on account of the owner of
that estate, and tint he (the conbi^nee) verily believes them to have been of liritish ina-
unfirinro.
By T. ()., July 24, 1829, din-ctions are i;iven for an extension of the indulgence granted by the
letter of the 2ist no.:.. 18i27. with respect to the landing' and delivery of old Hritish topper
slieathinj;/rtf o/</«.'//. when taken olf \essels in a liritish ]iort. so far as respects l)ritii.U
vessels, from «hieh the copper ni.iy have been stripjied in a foieiiiu p.)rt, provided they
(xnne to this countrv to be re-cojipered, and lirin;; \\\>- old copper «iih them.
By C. O., .^ ng. lU, \%h. the provisions of tlie order of Dec. 17, 1828, are exlemle.l not oidy to
old copper, Ixit to sueli articles as are niannfactnred fioai copper and pewter, of which the
olil nteiisds usually returne.l from the West Indies arc commonly c.mipo-fd.
By C O., Sept 9, 18;U. copjier ore, reiiuirin;.^ the process of snieliinf,', is allowed to be entered,
without reference to its having undergi.nc the process of calcining or roasting, for the pur-
pose of bl•in^' smelted lOr exportation.
By 'r. L , May 23, 1837. Cup/icr Slt';iit/ilug, of Ilrilish niannfacturo, im)iorled from Fprnandtt
Po, may he admitted to entry, free of duty, under the same regulations as thosi! wliich ap-
ply to IJritish Posses<ions.
Copper is found native, but much oflener in comliinatiou with other metals, oxy?en. sulphur
and acids. The ores are usually of a green or brownisli reii aiipi'arance; are found in veins
and beils in Cornwall. .StalVordsiiirc, and several other p.irts of (Jreat Biitain, as well as in
Germany, Sweden, &c.; in France, Spain, IreUiml, and Norway, copper is much less
abundant; its ores occur in beds of liuiestoue and (;ranite. Copper, on account of its im-
periahable quality, is generally employed in the mauul'acture of kitchen utensils and cop-
per boilers, for shcatliing ships' bottoms, as a circulating medium, and for .ilUniiig witli
gold and silver, as in certain projjortions it renders these valuable metals much liarder and
more durable; it is also the basis of brass, pinchbeck, prince's metal, Dutch gold, .Soc, also
of two i)igments called Scheele's green and verdigris, and arseniate and acet.ite of the
metal; its oxides are occasionally tiscd in porcelain painting and in lireworks. — Jui/ce.
Copperas, Blue, cwt. .....
Green, cwt.
"White, cwt. .....
Copperas, a name given to vitriol, is green, blue, or white, :js it is respectively a sulph!;to of
iron, copper, or zinc; it is used in black dyes, and making iuk, and tanning leather.— A'lii;^.
Metrup.
Coral, in fragnient.s, lb. .....
whole, poli.shed, lb. . . . ,
unpolished, lb. ... .
of British fishing or taking, lb.
" 1 have looked do nil to those ocean depths,
Many thousand fathoms low,
And seen, like woods of mighty oak,
The trees of coral grow; —
The red. the green, and the beautiful
Pale branch'd like the chrysolite,
Which, amid the sunlit waters, spread
Their llowers intensely brii;ht.
Some, tliey were like the lily of June,
Or t!ic rose of fairy land.
Or as if some poet's glorious thought
Had inspired a sculptor's hand."
— The Gem; alUerary anniuil.
Coral rocks, which rise from the bed of the ocean, were formerly thought to he of a vegetable
nature; yet subsequent invesli;;ation has proved their foundation to be elVected b) polypi.
A portion of our own islaud is based on a foundation of coral ; and many islands between
the tropics appear to rest entirely on masses of coral rocks. The rapidity of their labours
is equally surprising with their vaslness. — Mirrur.
Bruce say.s, " Large trees or plints of coral spread everywhere over the bottom of the Red
Sea." Pococke states that the madrepores grow so thick and high as to be dan:,'erous
even to ships ; and Finati, speaking of his voyage on the Red Sea, says that the water was
so transparent that he amused himself by observing the peculiarity of the depths beneath
him, " where weeds and corals grew to such a size, and so disposed, as almost to have llio
appearance of groves and gardens." — Life nf Finati, Quarterly Revieiv, July, 1837.
Cordage, tarred or untarred (standing or running rigging in
use excepted), cwt. . . . . .0109
in actual use of a British ship, and being fit and
necessary for such ship, and not or until otherwise disposed of Free.
if and when otherwise disposed of, lOU/. val. . 20 0 0
Cordial Waters. See Spirits.
0
1
0
0
12
0
0
5
6
0
0
6
66 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z)«^/e5, ^-c. [1837-8.
£ s. d.
Cork, cwt. . . . . . .080
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54. § 2, Cork, being the produce of Europe, shall not he
imported into the United Kingdom lo be used therein, except in British ships,
or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce, or in ships
from which the goods are imported.
The Quercus suber, whieh |,'ro\vs wild ia tlie soutli of Eiuope, furnishes from its exterior
bark the su\>st;ince known as cork. When the bark is Jiist stripped from the tree, it is
}ihiced with tlie convex side next a fire, and pains are taken by swelling it to fill up any
accidental holes; or, otherwise, it is straightened by being fust laid under heavy ])iles of
stone, and afterwards charred. It is then stacked, and considered fit for sale. It is selilom
sufliciently roasted for the cutter's use by these processes, and it generally undergoes a
more complete laying after importation. — Enci/. Melrirp.
Corks, ready made, lb. . . . . .070
Corn*. There shall he paid to His Majesty, upon all Corn,
Grain, Meal, or Flour entered for home consumption in
the United Kingdom, from parts'!" beyond the seas, the
several duties following, (9 Geo. IV., c. 60.) viz. : —
Corn Imported from any Foreign Country.
Wheat.
According to the average price of "Wheat, made up and published in
manner required by law, viz. : —
Whenever such price shall be
62*. and under 63*. ....
63*. — 64.y.
64*. — 65*. ....
65*. — 66*.
66*. — 67*. ....
67*. — 68*.
68*. — 69*. ....
69*. — 70*.
70*. — 71*. ....
71*. — 72*.
72*. ' — 73*. .
At or above 73*. the duty shall be for every quarter
Under 62*. and not under 61*. the duty shall be for every
quarter . . • • . .15 8
And in respect for each integral shilling, or any part of each
integral shilling, by which such price shall be under 61*.,
such duty shall be increased by I*.
M. La Gasc.a, formerly s\iperintendenl at the Royal Garden at Madrid, and, we hope, now
restored to an office he so ably and worthily filled, being, during his exile, in Jersey at
the harvest time, there recognised twenty three varieties of wheat growing in one field, arid
consequently yielding on the whole a bad crop, for one would be dry, while another was full
and jiiicv, and a lliird ([uite green. Thinking this subject of importance, M. Lecouleur re-
ported it to the Academy of Sciences, and observes that these varieties may i)robably be
accommodated to very different climates. M. I>a Gasra himself has obt.-vined more than
150 varieties of wheat from Europe, the Cape, Kgyjit, Venezuela, kc— AUienceum, No. 50t).
Barley.
Whenever the average price of barley, made up and pub-
lished in manner required by law, shall be 33*. and under
34*. the quarter, the duty shall be for every quarter . 0 12 4
And in respect of every integral shilling by which such
price shall be above 33*., such duty shall be decreased by
1*. ad., until such price shall be 41*.
• • By C. O., Aug. 6, 1829, it is directed that in cases where any vessel shall arrive at an out-
port with Ibreign corn in a heated or damaged state, or under any other circumstances which
may render an immediate unshipment thereof necessary, the collector and comptroller may per-
mit the same to be dejiosited in some proper warehouse upon such cargo being duly entered,
and are to report the same forthwith for the Board's further direction,
t As to Isle of Man, see Part IX,
per q
£ *.
d.
1 4
8
1 3
8
1 2
8
1 1
8
1 0
8
0 18
8
0 16
8
0 13
8
0 10
8
0 6
8
0 2
8
0 1
0
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports. -Z»«^?e^, <^c. 67
Corn, continued, viz : — £ s. d.
Whenever such price shall be at or above 41*. the duty shall
be for every quarter . . . . .010
Under 33*. and not- under 32*., the duty shall be for every
quarter . . . . . . 0 13 10
And in respect of each integral shilling, or any part of each
integral shilling, by which such price shall be under 32*.,
such duty shall be increased by 1*. 6d.
See the case of " Carr v. Southan and Son", at the end
of " Corn imported from Foreign Countries."
Oats.
Whenever the average price of Oats, made up and published
in manner required by law, shall be 25*. and under 26*.
the quarter, the duty shall be lor every quarter . .093
And in respect of every integral shilling by which such
price shall be above 25.S'., such duty shall be decreased by
1*. 6d. until such price shall be 31*.
Whenever such price shall be at or above 31*., the duty
shall be for every quarter . . . .010
Under 25s. and not under 24*., the duty shall be for every
quarter . . . . . . 0 10 9
And in respect of each integral shilling, or any part of each
integral shilling, by which such price shall be under 24*.,
such duty shall be increased by 1*. 6d.
Rye, Peas, and Beans.
Whenever the average price of Rye, or of Peas, or of Beans,
made up and published in manner required by law, shall
be 3G*. and under 37*. the quarter, the duty shall be for
every quarter . . . . . . 0 15 G
And in respect of every integral shilling by which such
price shall be above 36*., such duty shall be decreased by
1*. f)d. until such price be 46*.
Whenever such price shall be at or above 46*. the duty shall
be for every quarter . ... . . .010
Under 36*. and not under 35*., the duty shall be for every
quarter 0169
And in respect of each integral shilling, or any part of each integral shil-
ling, by which such price shall be under 35*., such duty shall be in-
creased by 1*. 6d.
OXFORD CIRCUIT.— Gi.ocESTER, Friday, August 4, 1837. — Nisi Prius
Court. — Cakr t). SouTH.^N AND Son. — (Special Jury.)
This was an action of trover to recover a quantity of oats.
Mr. Richards and j\!r. Liimley conducted the plaintiff's case; Mr. Serjeant
Tail'uiird and Mr. Selfe appeared for the defendants.
The plaintiff was a merchant at Hamburgh, and in April of this year sold
a cargo of oats to persons of the name of Hentig and Howell, who were
merchants in ihis city. The oats were shipped, and arrived in Gloces-
ter on the S\\\ of May. The plaintiff finding that the bills he had drawn
had not been duly honoured, directed Messrs. Stiirge, his agents, to stop the
delivery of the oats. Hentig and Howell had, however, previously sold the
cargo to a Mr. Vining, who chiiined it under the bill of lading. His claim
being disputed, he applied to them, and they agreed to deposit with him a
cargo of oats which had come by a ship calleil the Kmanuel, and were at
the time in a bonded warehouse gi Glocester, and the key of that warehouse
was delivered to Mr. Viuing. Two days afterwards an arrangement was
made by Hentig, Vining, and Sturge, that this cargo should be pledged to
the plaintiff as a security for the payment of the bills which he had drawn,
and that the claim on the Ellen's cargo should be given up. Mr. Vining
kept the key of the warehouse, but allowed Hentig's mau to have it from
F2
68 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— X»wfe, cf-c. [1837-8
Corn, continued, viz. : — •£ *• d-
time to time to turn the corn, which had become heated. On the 17th of
May Ilentij^'s inaii lefused to letarn the key, and the defendants took pos-
sesion oi' the warehouse and the corn. The defendants' case was, thiit on
the 17th of April the defendants gave their acciptance for the amount of
3^0/., and the cargo of the Kmanuel was deposited with them as a security
in case the hill was not taken up by Hentig and Howell, the defendants sli-
pidating to receive 4 per cent, commission, vvhich was exiilained to mean in
case the defendants sold this cargo. That bill was paid by Ilentig and
Howell to their bankers, and afterwards taken up by the defendants. The
key of the warehouse was not at first received by the deft-ndants, but they
afterwards obtained it, and it was taken from time to time by Hentig's men.
in order that the corn might be turned. This was as early as the 1st of
May. Mr. Southan having left this city on business, Henlig obtained the key,
and during the time of his absence had jiledged the cargo to Mr. Vining
and the plaintiff. These facts having been proved, and bis Lordship stating
that there was no usury in the deposit with the defendants, the plaintiff
elected (o he nonsuited.
Wheat-Meal, and Flour.
For every barrel, being 196 lb. duty equal in amount to the duty payable on
38^ gallons of Wheat.
Oatmeal.
For every quantify of IBHlb. a duty equal in amount to the duty payable on
a quarter of Oats.
Maize or Indian Corn,* Buck-Wheat, Beer or Bigg.
For every quarter, a duty equal in amount to the duly payable on a quarter of
liarley.
Produce of, and imported fi-om, any British Possession in North Jmerica, or
elseivhere out of Europe.
Wheat.
For every quarter . . . . .050
Until the price of British Wheal, made up and published in manner requ'red
bylaw, shall be 67s. per quarter.
At or above 67*. the duty shall be for every quarter . 0 0 6
Barley.
For every quarter . . . . .026
Until the price of British Barley, made up and published in manner required
by law, shall be 34s. per quarter.
At or above 345. the duty shall be for every quarter • 0 0 G
y Oats.
For every quarter . . . . .020
Until the price of British Oats, made uj) and published in manner required
by law, shall be 25s. per quarter.
At or above 25*. the duty shall be for every quarter . 0 0 6
Rye, Peas, and Beans.
For every quarter . . . . .030
Until the price of British Bye, or of Peas, or of Beans, made up and published
in manner required by law, shall be 414-.
At or above 41*. the duty shall be for every quarter . 0 0 6
Wheat-Meal, and Flour.
For every barrel, being 196 lb., a duty equal in amount to the duty payable on
38J gallons of wheat.
• By C. O., Sept. 2, 1828, it is stated that Indian meal is iiroliibited to be imported, and liable
to forfeiture.
1S37-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— I»«</Ciy, <^c. C9
Corn, cnnti?ii/ed, viz. : —
Oatmeal.
For every quantity of 18H lb. a C.uiy equal in amount to the duly payable oa
a quarter of oats.
Maize or Indian Coun, Buck-AViikat, Bker or Bigg.
Fur every quarter, a duty equal in amount to the duty payable oa a quarter of
bailey.
Prnditcr of Europe. — Coin or p:rain, heinn^ the produce of Europe, shall not bo
imported into the United Kingdom, lo be n^eil ihf.rciii, except in British
ships, or in ships of the country of which the ^O'lds ;ire the produce, or in
shijis of the country from which the goods are imported. 3 & 4 W. 4,
c. ;■)-!, § 3.
Be-imporlaho)}. — Corn, gvahi, meal, flour, and malt, shall not be re-imported
into the United Kiiig(!om for /(';»;<!• mc, upon the ground tl!at the siiine had
Iteeii legally expoited tlience ; but the same sb;ill be deemed to be foreign
goods, whether originally such or not, and shall also he deemed to be
imported for the first time into the United Kingdom. 3 and 4 \V. 4,
c. 52, § 33.
Mali. — Malt prohibi'ed to be imported for home use, on pain of forfoituro,
but may be warehoused for exportation only. ^ 58.
Certijicdfc ri.s lo British Posspssion.t. — No corn, grain, meal, or flour, shnll be
shijiped from any iiort in any l^ritish possession out of Europe, as being the
pro<luce of any such possession, luit 1 the owner or proprietor or shifqier
thereof shall have made and subscribed, before the collector or other chief
ollicer of customs at the port of shipment, a declaration in wriling, specify-
ing the quantity of each sort of such corn, grain, meal, or flour, and that
the same >vas tlie produce of some British posvession out of Europe, to ie
named in such decdaration, nor until such owner, or i)ro]irietor, or shipper,
shall have obtained from tb.e collector or other chief ofiicer of customs at
the said jiort a certificate under his signature, of the quantity of corn, grain,
me.il, or flour, so declared to be shipped; and before any corn, gr.iin, meal,
or flour, s'lall be entered at any place in the United Kingdom, as being tlie
produce of any British possession out of Europe, the master of the ship
importing tlie same shall produce and deliver to the collector or other chief
officer of customs of the [lace of importation a copy of such declaration, cer-
tified to be a true anil accurate cojiy thereof under the hand of the collector
cr other chief otficer of customs at the port of shipment before whom the
same was made, together v/ith the iertiflca!e, signed by the said collector
or other chief officer of customs, of the quantity of corn so declared to be
shipped ; au'l such master shall also make and subscribe, before the col-
lector or other chief officer of customs at the place of importation, a decla-
ration in writing, that the several quantities of corn, grain, meal, (jr flour,
on board such sliip, and proposed to b,^ entered imder the authority of such
declaration, are the same that were mentioned and referred to in the decla-
ration and certificate produceil by him, without any admixture or addition ;
and if any person shall, in any sucli declaration, wilfully and corruptly
make any false statement resjiectlng the jilace of which any such corn,
grain, meal, or flour, was the produce, or resjiecting the identity of any such
corn, grain, meal, or flour, such jierson shall forfeit and become liable to pay
to His Majesty 100/.; and the corn, grain, meal, or flour, to such person
belonging, on hoard such ship, shall also be forfeited. 9 G. 4, c. CO, ^ 4.
Ma/t or Ground Com. — It shall not be lawful to import from parts beyond the
seas into the United Kingdom, for consumption there, any malt; or to
import, tor consumption, into d'leat Britain, any corn ground except wheat
meal, wheat flour, and oatmeal ; or to import, for cousmuption, any corn
ground into Ireland; and if any such article be imported contrary to the
provisions aforesaid, the same shall be forfeited. ^ 5.
London Gazette. — The commissioners of customs shall, once in each calendar
month, cause to be published in the London Gazette an account of the total
quantity of each suit of the corn, grain, meal, and flour respectively, which
70 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— DMif/e5, <^c. [1837-8.
Corn, continued, viz : — £ s. d.
shall have been imported into the United Kincjdom ; and also an account
of the total quantity of each sort of the corn, grain, meal, and flour respec-
tively, uj)on which the duties of importation shall have been {)aid in the
United Kingdom during the calendar month next preceding ; together with
an account of the total quantity of each sort of the said corn, grain, meal,
and flour respectively remaining in warehouse at the end of such next pre-
ceding calendar month. § 6.
Dntics of Foreign Stales If it be made to appear to His Majesty in council
that any foreign state or power hath subjected British vessel^, at any port
within the dominions of such state or power, to any other or higher duties
or charges whatever than are levied on national vessels at any such port,
or hath subjected, at any such port, goods, the growth, produce, or manu-
facture of any of His Majesty's dominions, when imported from any of such
dominions in British vessels, to any other or higher duties or charges what-
ever than are levied on such or the like goods, of whatever growth, produce,
or manufacture, when so imported in national vessels; or hath subjected,
at any place within the dominions of such foreign state or power, any
article of the growth, produce, or manufacture of His Majesty's dominions,
when imported from any of such dominions in British vessels or in national
vessels, to any duties or charges which would not be paynble on the like
article being of the growth, produce, or manufacture of any othir country,
and imported from such other country in national vessels ; or that any such
foreign state or power hath granted any bounties, drawbacks, or allowances
upon the exportation from any place within the dominions then-of of any
articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of the dominions of any other
foreign state or power, which hath not also been granted upon the exporta^
tion from such place of such or the like articles, being the growth, produce,
or manufacture of His Majesty's dominions ; then it shall he lawful for His
Majesty, by any order, to be by him made, with the advice of his privy
council, to prohibit the importation of all or of any sort of corn, grain, meal,
or flour, from the dominions of any such foreign state or power ; and it
shall also be lawful for His Majesty from time to time: with the advice of
his privy council, to revoke and to renew any such order, as there shall be
occasion. § 7.
Cornelians. See Agates, p. 46.
Cotton, Manufactures of, lOOA value . . . 10 0 0
Articles of Manufactures of Cotton wholly or in part
made up, not otherwise charged with duty, 100/. value . 20 0 0
Small quantities of wearing apparel of passengftrs, in use, are not charged with this duty.
—Ed.
Wool, or Waste of Cotton Wool. See Wool.
By T. O., Feb. and April, 1819, and Aug. 1825, patterns and samples of Cotton, useful only as
such, are dutyfree.
Cotton Warehoused. — It shall be lawful for the commissioners of customs to
permit any stuffs or fabrics of silk, linen, cotton, or wool, or of any mixture
of them with any other material, to be taken out of the warehouse to be
cleaned, refreshed, dyed, stained, or calendered, or to be bleached or printed,
without payment of duty of customs, under security, nevertheless, by their
bond to their satisfaction, that such goods shall be returned to the ware-
house within the time that they shall appoint. 3 and 4 VV. 4, c. 57, § 35.
Cotton Manufactures. — That branch of industry which, in numerous ramifica-
tions and subdivisions, is comprehended under the name of the cotton manu-
facture, is of peculiar interest, both as exhibiting the powers of the human
mind and of human skill, and as having enriched the community, and raised
the condition of our lower orders to a degree of comfort to whii h their fore-
fathers were wholly strangers. This manufacture, though probably intro-
duced into England about the year 1600, and extensively carritd on, as was
then thought, in the neighbourhood of Manchester about the year 1641,
according to Lewis Roberts's book, entitled " Treasure of Tratlic," had not
reached such a state in the year 1760 as to produce any cloth made of
cotton alone. The art of spinning cotton of sufficient tenacity to be used
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.—Imports.— DM/iM, ^f. 71
Cotton, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
as warp was utterly unknown ; and that part ef the fabric on the strength
of which its utility to the wearer depends, was made of linen-yarn, cotton
only being used for the weft or shoot. The introduction of the carding
machine about 1762 was soon followed by several attempts to spin also
by machinery ; but these seem to have been ineffectual till 1769, when Mr.
(afterwards Sir Richard) Arkwright obtained his first patent for the spin-
ning frame. It is not too much to assert, that as the use of the raw mate-
rials has increased a hundred-fold within the last seventy years, so in spite
of all the economy in the application of labour to the manufacture, the
demand fur woikmeiihas increased in far more than an equal proportion. —
Quarterfy Revieii.'.
The late Earl of Liverpool, in his speech in the House of Lords, June SO,
1825. said. '• He reminded their lordships of the remarkable circumstance,
that the British manufacturer coidd undersell the natives of India in their
own market, though the price of labour was here 2s. Grf. a day, and in
India only 2(/.''
Mr. Baines, of Leeds, a relatiou of Mr. Baines, M. P., and proprietor of the
" Leeds Mercury," has published an elaborate history of the cotton manu-
factures.— Eu.
Cranberries, gal. . . . . .001
NewfouniUand produces the best cranberries. They are used chiefly in pastry. — Ed.
Crape. See Silk.
Crayons, 100/. val. . . . . . 40 0 0
Crayons are composed of coloured stones, earths, or other minerals pounded, and tlien reduced
to a paste, by mixture with gum, glue, resin, soap, &c., and a little water. — Ency. Metrop.
Cream of Tartar, cwt. . . . . .020
Crystal, Rough, 100/. val. . . . . 20 0 0
Cut, or in any way manufactured, except Beads,
100/. val. . . . . . . 30 0 0
Crystals are hard, pellucid, and naturally colourless bodies. There are many various species
of it pro<Iuced in different parts of the globe. — Hill.
Cubebs, lb. . . . . . .006
Cubebs have much of the appearance of common pepper, bnt each berry has a short stalk
attached to it, whence the term Piper caudatum. Those which are lareie, heavy, plump, and
of a fragrant odour, are to be preferred to the lisht, small, and inodorous. Their flavour is
aromatic and bitter ; but they have not the biting pungency of common pepper. — Brande.
Cucumbers, Pickled. See Pickles.
Preserved in salt and water, 100/. val. . 20 0 0
Culm, ton . . . . . .200
Culm is a variety of coal. It is found principally in Wales; it is not easily kindled, but when
once it is so itburns a long time, without flame or spioke ; it does not cake, audit leaves but
few ashes. — Ency. Metrop.
Currants, cwt. . . . . . .12 2
By 3 and 4 W. 4, c. 52, § 2, Currants, being the produce of Europe, shall not
be imported into the United Kingdom /o be used therein, except in British
ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce, or in
ships from which the goods are imported.
By 3 and 4 W. 4, c. 52, iS 32, no abatement of duties shall be made on account
of any damage received by Currants.
ByC. O., April, 1816, Tare on Currants in casks to be, per cent, from Zante, 13; Leghorn, 10 ;
Trieste, 10; with liberty to liave an actual taring la case of dissatisfaction either of the
merchant or oflicer.
By 4 and 5 W. 4, c. 89, Currants deposited in warehouses of special security,
when taken out for home use, the duty shall be charged upon the quantity
actually delivered.
By T. O., Nov. 29, 1836, on the delivery for home use of Currants, deposited in warehouses of
extra security, fitted up in the proper manner, an allowance is to bi- made for the natural
Waste that may have arisen thereon in such warehouses, not exceeding 3 per cent, for the
first 12 mouths on the quantities ascertained at the time of the lirst entry and lauding the
same; and for any term exceeding 12 months, an allowance not exceeding 4 per cent.
Currants are brought principally from Zante and Cephalouia. They are gathered off the bushes,
and laid to dry in the sun, and so put up in large butts.— £ncy. Britan.
72 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z>2</ie.?, i^'f. [1837-8.
Cin"ia.ni!i, cot>tini/rd, viz. •— £ s. d.
Tlio culture of the plant is one demtiniling a considerable outlay of capitul; employing a sreat
nnnilier of hands ; ami, above all, aiibjcct In many uncorl.iinties. A blight, known by the
name of ' briua,' occuriinu' in the siirinL', fri-(iurntly damagfii, ami sometimes destroys a
whole crop. At the lime of the frathcrinv:, and when the fruit is drying, a single shower is
fatal to the liopes and the care of the [iroprictor. Insurance against such accidents isun-
known, perliaj)* impracticable. — letter fnitu the Siat of the Ionian Gvvernment.
D.
Damask. Soc Linen.
Dates, cwt. . . . . . .0100
Derelict, Foreign "joods Derelict, Jetsam, riot.sam, Lap'an, or Wreck,
broii<»ht or comiiiu,' into Great Britain or Ireland, are subject to the
same duiies and entitled to the same drawback.s as goods of the like
kind re<rularly imported.
It shall be lawful for the cominissioncrs of customs, or for the officers of
ciistonis actint^ under tht-ir direclious, to inquire into and receive proof of
the extent to which any such <;foods sliall have been damaged, and to make
such abatement of the duties as to them shall appear to bear a just propor-
tion to tlie damage, fi and 7 W. 4, c. (iO, ^ 3.
Goods rejior'ed to the otticers of customs as Jetsam, Flotsam, or La<:an, and
jiot claimed witliin 12 months, to be condemned as droits of Admiralty. ^7.
As to duty on siiips wrecl;ed, see Ships in P.iux 2.
Pereliot iiooils are tho-o intentinn.ally cast awayor abandoned. — Ed.
It is observed, that in order to lonstiuue a legal w reck llie goods must come to land. If they
con-.inne at sea. the law distinguishes them by ihe li.irliarous and uncouth appellations of
jetsam, (loatsam, and lagan. Jelsam is where the goods are cast into the sea, and there
sink .md remain under water ; tloat^am is where they conlinue swimming on ihe surface of
the waves ; lagan is where they are sunk in the sea, but tied to a cork or buoy, in order to
be found again. — Btnehsloiie,
My C. O., February 4, 1834, goods salved from wreck may be forwarded in a coasting vessel
to the port of oriyiual ilestinatiou.
Diagrydium. See Scammony.
Diamonds ...... Free.
By 3 and 4W. 4, c. r)2. ^ 2, Diamonds may be landed in the United Kingdom
without report, entry, or warrant.
; Diamoiuls are found of various colours, black, blue, red. light yellow, &e., but the colourl-ss
variety, which is also of the most freiiuent occurrence, is the most esteemed ; next to wliicli
arc those containing the greatest depth of colour, as the black, blue, &c. Diamonds are met
with in the Ghauts from Beniial to Cape Comorin ; but are principally obtained in the
tract between Gdlconda and Mazulipatam. 'J'hey are also occasionally brought from
Borneo and the distiictof Sierra do Frio in hrazil. To Escertain whether any specimen is
a true diamond or not, a fine file may be used; if the surface of the stone is in the least
abraded, or scratched by its action, it is not a diamond. — Joyce.
Diaper. See Linen.
Dice, pair . . . . . .16 2
Down, lb. . . . . . .013
Down. — The fine feathers from the l)reasts of several birds, particularly of the duck kind.
That of the eider-duck is tlie most valuable. These birds pluck it from their breasts and line
their nests with it. That found in the nests is most valued, and termed Live Down ; it is in-
finitely more elastic than that plucked from tlic dead bird, which is little esteemed in Ice-
laud. — Envy. Britan.
Drawings. See Prints.
Drugs, not particularly enumerated or charged with duty in
this or any otlier Act, cwt. . . . .020
(6 and 7 Will. IV. c. 60)
E.
Earthenware, not otherwise enumerated, 100^. val. . 15 0 0
The ware has been pro\ idid in such gradations of quality as to suit every sfcition, from the
highest to the lowest. It is to be seen in every country, and almost in every house, throiigh-
out the whole extent of America, in many parts of A»ia, and in most of the countries of Ku-
rope. At home it has sujn rseded the less cleanly vessels of pewter and of wood, and by itn
cheajjuess has been brought within the means of our poorest housekeepers. — Quarterti/ Jiev,
East India Goods. See East Indies, Part 10.
1S37-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Dk/jVj, c^-c. 73
£ *. d.
Ebonv, produce of or i m port c;l from any foreip:n country, ton 0 10 0
(6 and 7 Will. TV.c. GO.)
produce of and imported from 15. P., ton . . 0 .3 0
EWmy is liroui»lit from Uic Imlii-.x. cxrccdinijly li.-ird ami licavy, miscojitible of a very finp i)o!i«li,
nnJ on that acoiiiil usi-d i.i inosnic ami iiilai'l works, toys, &c. Tlicrc arc (Uxors kiiiils of
ebony ; tlii." most usual amoii^ us arc black, red, and f^rocn, all of tl'.i-m tlio produpt of tlu;
island of Madairascar, wlioro tlio u.itivos call tlii"m indilTtTcutly II.\7.on maiullii, q. d., blaok
wood. The island of St. .Maurice, beloni;infj to tlie Dutcli, likewi.-e furnishes part of the
oboiiies used in \'.\ntt\n\— Env.t/. Jlritnn.
Ejrjrs. 120 . . . . . .0010
Embroidery and Needlework, 100/. val. . . . 30 0 0
"VVoiiriiif]; apparel of this sort, in reasonable quantities, is delivered/r^p of duly ;
but larije (piantilies of needlework, liavini^ been worn or not. and new worked
caps, collars, pelerines, tippets, &c., are liable to this diiiy. — Ed.
Emeralds. See Jewels,
Enamel, lb. . . . . . .072
There are two kinds of enamel — the opaque and the transparent Trniinp.irent enamels are
ustially rendered opaque by addint; iiutly, or the white oxide of fin, to them. Tlie basis of all
enamels is, therefore, a iH'i'fertly transparent and fusible glass. — Urc-
Essence, being Oil. See Essential Oil, in Oil.
of Spruce, 100/ val. . . . . 20 0 0
not otherwise enumerated, lb. . . , 0 4 G
Essence may be taken for the very beins; of ,any tiling, wlicrcby it is what it is. And thus tho
real, interual, but generally in snbst^inces unjinown. constitution of things, wherein their dis-
coverable qualities depend, may be called their essence. This is the proper ori};inal sifjnili-
cation of tlic word, as is evident from the formation of it; essentia in its primnry notation
sitfiiifying jirooerly being. — l.nr.he.
French i'crfumrri/.— The essential oils or e'senres obtained in the Pontli of Franrp, are those
of roses, neroli, petit -;;rain, luTcnder, wild-thyme, thyme, and rosemary. — Gill't Terfi. liqws.
Eupliorbium, cwf. . . . . .060
The oflieinal euphoibium is a n.ative of Africa, and the gum resin, 'as it is not (piite properly
called, is imported in the form of small liollow'tearsof an intolerably acrid flnvour. — Dninde.
EuKOPK. Goods the produce ef. See p. 2. See the names
of the several Articles, in alphabetical order: see also
EuROPi-:, Part IX.
Extract, viz. : —
Cardamoms,
• Coculus Indicus,
• Grains, Guinea Grains I Extract or Preparation of,
—of Paradise, f 100/. val. . . 75 0 0
"I
■ Licorice,
Nux Vomica,
Opium, I Extract or Preparation of,
Pepper, viz. Guinea, ( 100/. val. . . 25 0 0
Peruvian or Jesuits' Bark, Extract or Preparation
of, lb
Quassia, Extract or Preparation of, 100/. val.
Radix Rhatanix', Extract or Preparation of, lb.
Vitriol, Extract or preparation of, 100/. val.
Extract or Preparation of any article not being par-
0
5
0
50
0
0
0
5
0
25
0
0
20
0
0
0
10
0
ticularly enumerated, nor otherwise charged with duty,
100/. val. ......
OR, and in lieu of any of the above duties, at the option
of the importer, lb. .
E.rtrart. — When decoction is carried to such a point as to afford a substance either solid or
of the consistence of paste, this residual product is called an extract. When chcmistB speak
of extract, they most commonly mean the ]iroduet of aqueous decoction ; but the earlier
chemists frequently speak of spirituous extract. — Vre.
F.
Feathers for Beds, in beds or not, cwt. . . ,240
£
S.
d.
1
10
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
20
0
0
10
0
0
74 UNITED KINGDOM.-lMFORTs.-Dw^i'e^, ^'c;. [1837-8.
Feathers, continued, viz. : —
• Ostrich, dressed, lb.
undressed, lb. .
Paddy Bird, lb. .
not otherwise enumerated : —
. ■ dressed, 100/. val.
_ ■ undressed, 100/. val.
Feathers make a considerable article in corameice, particularly those of the ostrich, heron,
swan, peacock, goose, &c., for plumes, ornaments of the head, filling' of beds, writing pens,
&c. Eider down is imported from Denmark ; the ducks that supply it being inhabitants of
Hudson's Bay, Greenland, Iceland, and Norway. Hudsou's Bay also furnishes very fine
feathers, supposed to be of the goose kind. The down of the swan is brouia;ht from Dantzic.
The same place also sends us great quantities of the feathers of the cock and hen. The
lx!st method of cuiing feathers is to lay them in a room, in an exposure to the sun ; and
when dried, to put tliem in bags, and beat them well with poles to get the dirt oK.—Enc;j.
Britiin.
Figs, cwt. . . . . . . 0 15 0
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, § 2. Figs, being the produce of Europe, shall not
be imported into the United Kingdom lo be tised therein, except in British
ships, or ill ships of the country of which the goods are the produce^ or in
ships of the country from which the goods are imported.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 32, no abatement of duties shall be made on
account of any damage received by figs.
By 4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89, figs deposited in warehouses of special security,
when taken out for home use, the duty shall be charged upon the quantity
actually delivered.
By T. O., Nov. 29, 1836, on the delivery for home use of figs deposited in warehouses of extra
security fitted up in the proper manner, an allowance is to be made for the natural waste
that may ha\ e arisen thereon in such warehouses not exceeding three per cent, for the first
twelve months on the quantities ascertained at the time of the first entiy and landing the
same, and for any term exceeding twelve months an allowance not exceeding four per cent.
The wild, as well as the cultivated kind, is supposed to have been origiually brought from
Asia, whenci' they have been spread over the southern parts of Europe, and are now to be
met with in Languedoc, in Provence, in Spain, in Italy, &c. ; not to mention those of Eng-
land, which are merely raised for the table, and not cultivate.!, like those abroad, for com-
mercial purposes. On the continent, and in the Levant, vast quantities of figs are dried in
the sun, and form a considerable article oftraflic. — JFimcCs Xuotjrnpht/.
Of the fig there are thirty species or varieties cultivated in France, Spain, and Italy. — Duppa.
Fish, Eels, ship's lading . . . . .13 13
Lobsters ...... Free.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 2, Lobsters fresh, however taken, or imported,
may be landed in the United Kingdom without report, entry, or warrant.
Oysters, bushel . . . . .016
. Stock Fish, 120 . . . . .050
Sturgeon, keg, not more than five gallons . . 0 9 0
Turbots ...... Free.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, ^ 2, Turbots fresh, however taken or imported,
may be landed in the United Kingdom, without report, entry, or warrant.
Fresh, of British taking and imported in British
vessels ....... Free.
Turtle. — Of the dilVerent kinds of turtle one only alTords good food ; it is called the green tur-
tle, because of its yielding the much celebrated " gn'cn fat." It is occasionally found of a
very large size, being sometimes seven feet long ; ami it varies from 56 pounds to 800
pounds. The islands of the East and West Indies, and numberless other islands, abound
in them ; those along the coast of Cochin China are not only plentifully supplied with them,
but they are of exqviisite llavour. They form a consideralde article of commerce between
the West India Islands and Great Britain ; and tlie ships engaged are provided with proper
accommodation txi permit their being brought over alive and iu tolerable health. The tiu'tle
is a valuable addition to the live stock of a ship at sea ; or the flesh may be salti-d and pre-
served a long time; iu this state it is much used iu the West Indies and America.^XJu-
mestic Economy. By Michael Donovan, Esq , Professor vf Chemistry.
Cured, of British taking and curing, and imported in
British vessels ..... Free.
.(^s a relish for the breakfast-table the dried capelin of Oie coasts of Newfoundland and
Labrador is become extensively used, The cod are taken by hooks, baited either with
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— !>«/?>*, (^c. 75
Fisli, continued, viz. : — £ ,v. d.
Cdpclin (ir /tarings. Tlic latter is a kind of fish well known in Europe : but tlic rapelin
pi-cms to 1)0 poculiar to tlie coasts of Newfoundland and Labrador. Tliey are equally
jilentiful witli the cod in tliosc countries, and are, as a bait, essentially necessary towards
obtiiniu!^ the latter. These tish have liei-n strangely overlooked by the most distin'MiisIied
naturalists. Tlio ea\ielin is a small and delicnto species of fisli, greatly resemblnig tlio
snii'lt— iirf.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. :')2, § 2. Fresh fish of British taking and imported
in British ships may be landed in the United Kingdom without report,
entry, or warrant.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV.,c.r)2,^ 44, Fresh fish of every kind, of /inVi.vA taking and
imiHirted in British ships, and fresh lobsters and tiirbots, however taken or
in whatever ship imported, and cured fish of every kind, of Bi-itish taking
and curing, imported in British ships, shall be imported free of all duties,
and shall not be deemed to be included in any charge of duty imjiosed by
any Act hereafter to be made on the importation of goods generally: Pro-
vided always, that before any cured fish shall be entered free of duty as being
of such taking and ciuing, tlie muster of the ship importing the same shall
make and subscribe a declaration before the collector or comptroller, that
such fish was actually caught and taken in British ships, and cured by the
crews of such ships, or by Ilis Majesty's subjects.
Fish of foreign taking or curing, or in foreign vessels, except turbots and
lobsters, stockfish, live eels, anchoveys, sturgeon, botargo, and caviare, pro-
hibited to be imported for home use on pain of forfeiture, but may be
warehoused for exportation only, except dried and salted fish, not being
stockfish. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 58.
By T. L., Feb. 10, 1834, aiithority is given to continue tlie admission of ftsh, &c , the iiroduco
of tlie Colonies, from GucTusey and Jersey; granted by tlie Order of March 2, 1826.
Fishing Nets, Old. See Rags.
Flasks. See Bottles.
Flax, and Tow or Cedilla of Hemp or Flax, whether dressed
or undressed, cwt. . . . . .001
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, § 2, Flax being the produce of Europe shall not
be imported into the United Kingdom to be used therein, except in British
ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce, or in
ships from which the goods are imported.
Flax in agriculturi^ is the name of a plant cultivated equally for the baik or covering of its
stiilk and its seed ; the former being used in making linen cloth, and the latter for oil, which
is drawn from it by pressure, and for the refuse or cake. — Bees.
Flocks, cwt. . . . . . .0190
Cuttings of wool in a partial state of manufacture. They are used in the stuffing of mattresses,
and laUerly of beds. A finer sort is known in Gloucestershire by Uie name of Milpul!. — Ed.
Flotsam. See Derelict, p. 72,
Flour. See Corn, p. G8.
Flower Roots, 100/. val, . . . . .500
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. GO.)
Roots are of many different kinds, which vary considerably in their nature. The peculiarilies
of structure and the direction in the stock parts of routs have led to several distinctions in
regard to their kinds. — Rces.
Flowers, Artificial, not made of silk, 100/. val. . . 25 0 0
Paris is I he lirst city in the world lor artificial flowers. To such perfection has the art been brought,
that more than once natural and artilicial lluwers have been placed together, ami a gardener
asked to view them at a little distance and junnt out the former; but he has been almost
constantly deceived by the art of the imitator. Tlie milliners and dealers in various f ishion-
able articles having exerted their genius in the adjustniont of artilicial llo«ers, and brought
them into general use, the makers of them having been obliged to fabricate them of materials
of less value, that they may afford tliem cheaper ; and thus paper and other common
substances are substituted for silk. — Juurnnl des Dames et des Mudes.
Fossils, not Otherwise enumerated, 100/. val. . . 20 0 0
Specimens of. See Specimens.
In this globe are many bodies, wlii<;h, because we discover thorn by digging into the bowels
of till! eanh, are called by one comraan name, Fossils; under which are comprehended
metals and minerals. — Locke.
Those bodies which will melt in the fire are called Minerals ; the rest, Foasih.—Pemberlon,
76 UNITED Kll\GD0M.—luP0RTS.— Duties, ,$-c. [1837-8.
£ s. d.
FowHiig-Pieoes. See Baggage, p. 50,
Frames, for Pictm-es, Prints, or Drawings, 100/. val. . 20 0 0
Frankincense. See Olibanum.
Fruit, Raw, not otherwise enumerated, 100/. val. . .500
Fur.s See Skins.
Fustic, ton . . . . . .046
■ imported IVom B. P., ton . . . .030
Fustic is procured from a tree nf considerable magnitude, which grows in the West Indies. Tlie
wood is yellow, as its name imports, \\\i\\ uraiige veins. Ever since the discovery of America
it lias been used in dveing, as appears from a paper in the Transactions of the Royal Society,
of which .Sir ^Villiam I'etly was t'le author. Its price is moderate, the colour it imparts is
permanent, and it readily cc*mbiues w itii indigo, which properties give it a claim to attention
us a valuable ingredient in dyeing. — Ency. Brttan.
G.
Galls, cwt. . . . . . .020
Tlie best galls ;ae imported from .Aleppo and Smyrna. Their taste is extremely astringent and
somewhat bitter, tlieir surface tubercular, and of a deep bluish-grey, or olive colour. Those
wliich are li^lil in weight and colour, and which instead of breaKing dense and resinous are
hollow and pulver.dent, arc of inferior quality. — Brtinde.
Gamboge, cwt. . . . . . .040
Gamboge is a concreted vegetable juice, partly of a gummy, partly of a resinous nature. It is
lieavy, of a brit;ht yellow colour, and scircely any smell. It is brought from America, and
from many parts of the li^ast Indies, particularly from (Jambaja, or Cambogia, whence it lias
its name. — I Hit.
Garnets, 11). • . . . • . . 0 10 0
Cut, lb. . . . . . 1 10 0
The colour of the garnet varies from dark Ui light red or brown; the Syrian is con&idercd the
linest, and supposed to be the stone the ancients called the Carbuncle. It is always Known
by its peculiar colour, and better by its great spccilic gravity. The linest varieties come from
India, and some good specimens liave been received from Greenland.— jl/o we.
Gauze of Thread, 100/. val. . . . . 30 0 0
Gauze, a very thin, slight, tiansparent hind of stuff, woven sometimes of silk, and sometimes
I'Ulv of thread. There are tiguied gauzes; some with flowers of gold and silver, on a silk
groimd ; these last are chiefly brought from China, — Ency. Britan.
Gauze. Sec Silk.
Gelatine. Sec GUie.
Geldings, See Horses, p. 81.
Gentian, cwt. . . . . • .040
Gentian is abusidant in the Swiss and Austrian Alps, and in the m.ountainous forests of many
parts of Germanv, whence the roots are chielly imported in contorted pieces of variovis sizes,
covered with a brownish WTinkled epidermis. W'lien broken, they exhibit a brown' bark,
surrounding an interior yellow and mori' librous part ; they should be tough and flexible, and
free from worms. The taste of gentian is purely and inlenscly bitter, accompanied by a slight
sweetness, which in line samples is \ery manifest on touching the tongue with the brokeu
surfa.-e of the r<X)t. — lliiindc.
GiBRALT.\R. Goods imported from, see p. 2. See the names
of the several Articles in Alphabetical order, also Gib-
raltar, Part 9.
Ginger, cwt. . . . . . .2130
• — Preserved, produce of or imported from any Foreign
country, lb. . . , . , .006
(0 and 7 Will. IV., c. CO.)
produce of, and imported from B. P., cwt. . , 0 110
Preserved, lb. . . . .001
Ginger is distinguished into two scrts, the black and the w hite ; but the diiTercnce arises wholly
from the mode of curing. — Edwards.
Ginger is extensively difl'used through (lie Indian isles, and of pretty general use among tlie
natives, who neirlect the liner spiee ;. The great and smaller varieties are cultivated, and the
sub-\ arieties di^tinguislied by their brown or wliite colours. The ginger of the Indian Archi-
jKdago is iuf 'lior iii ([uality to tiiat of Malabar or iiengal. — (.'rnwfurd.
Ginger, Frrsrrved. — By C. O., May, 17, 183(5, it is directed that the duties on Preserved Ginger be
reyuiated as undermentioned, viz.: —
Cims'ignmcntS! and Ships' Store-l.
In a ship reported from China and a British Tossessii-n iu the Kast, the £ s. d.
high duty . . , 0 13
£
a.
<l.
U
U
i
0
0
I
0
1
3
0
0
1
1S37-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Dw^^H t^-c. 77
Gh)gcv, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Kxccpt on (li'cliimlion by the i^irly \\vA llic nrticlc w.is takfii on Unard at
u Brilish Possession, of which it is the inoiluci.', tliou tlio low duty .
Rrmtiining Stares uf I'assemjers.
Ou a dolaration that thear'.icle was liikcn oil Iwaril at a Hritish Possession
It IMVOKTED IN A SHIP FROM A UEITISH POSSESSION.
Cunsignmcnts and Ships' Stures.
In China j)acka-;03 .......
Unl iipou a (li'chiration by the i«''^y '''''^ ""^ article is tlic pmihice of a
liritisli Possession .......
Ixonalninr) Stores of I'lusciitjers.
If imported from a Crilisli Possession where j^in^er, &c , is not grown ;
sueli as Siucapore, tlie Cape of Good Hope, and St Helena, the hiyh
duty .-. . . . , . . .013
Ginseng;, cwt. . . . . . .040
There are two specie-, botli of which j;row natmally in North Americi ; one of (hem is believed
to be the s iiue with the Tartarian ginseng. The ginseng is one of the principal medicines of
the (Jhiuese and Tart;irs. — C/i(Uiibers.
Glass. Cfown Glass, or any kind of Window Glass, (not
bein<^ Plate Glass or German Sheet Glass), cwt. . 8 0 8
German Sheet Glass, cwt. . . .10 0 0
Plate Glass, superficial measure, viz.: — not containing
more than 9 sq. feet, the sq. foot . . .060
more than 9 sq. ieet, and not more than 14 sq.
feet, the sq. foot . . . . .080
more than 14 sq. feet, and not more than 3G sq.
feet, the sq. foot .....
containing more than 3G sq. feet, the sq. foot .
Manufactures not otherwise enumerated, and Old
Broken Glass lit only to be re-manufactured, 100/. val. .
and further, cwt. ....
By T. L., Dec. 5, 1821, any glass in the dressing or medicine cases of travellers arriving from
abroad, such t;lass bein^ in actual use, may be p^iSied o\er by the officois, upon their
being satislii'd upon oath, or otherwise, according to the rank of the patty, that it was taken
from this country, that it was of British manufactuie, and that no drawback of the inland
duties has been paid upon it.
By C. O., Nov. 7, 18.;9, small mirrors cr glasses, hitlnvto entered as "toy mirrors," are in
future to be entered and the duty paid, as " plate glass."
Glass Jars and similar articles used as Packages. See Bottles,
page 55.
Glass, a transparent, brittle, factitious body, produced from sand melted in a strong fire witli
lixed alka'.ine salts, lead, slags, &c, till the whole Incomes perfectly clear and line. Crown
glass, of which ti ere are two kinds, distinguished l>y the places where tliey are wrought, —
French glasi, called also Normandy glass, and lormerly Lorraine glass, because made in
those Provinces. It is of a thinner kind than tair crov.n glass ; and when laid on a piece ol
wiiitep;iper appears of a dirlyish-.'reen colour.— Girman glass is of two kinds, the white and
g!ceii ; ihe first is of a whitish colour, but is subject to those small curved streaks observed
ill our Newcastle glass, though free from tlie spits and blemishes th, reof The green, be-
sides its colour, is liable to the same streaks as the white ; but both of them are stiaigh'.ei
and less warped than our .Newcastle jilais. — IDuich glass is not much unlike our Newcastle
glass, ciiher in colour or price. — Phial glass is a kind between the flint-glass and the com-
mon bottle or grcL'n glass. Theccmmon bottle or gioen is formed of sand of any kind flu.^ed
by the ashes of burnt wood, or of any otlu r parts of vegetables. — Plate or mirror glass. The
materials of which this glass is made are much the same as those of other works of glass. —
Ency. Uritan.
As to .\chromatic Telescopes, see Telescopes.
Gloves, of Leather, viz. : —
Habit Gloves, doz. pair , . ,
Men's Gloves, doz. pair . . ,
Women's Gloves or Milts, doz. pair
Gloves of leather, unless in ships of seventy tons or upwards, and in packaji;es
cont'.iiiiiij^ one hiudied dizeii p.iirs of such glovis, juohibited to be im-
ported on pain of forfeiture. 3 and 4 \\ ill IV., c. 5L ^ 58.
By T. O , Dec. 3, 1830, woollen and linen gloves are to be charged with the duty by value as
manufactures of cotton, woollen and linen. For such duty, see under the names of such
manufactures.
Gloves having been worn. See Baggage, p. 50.
0
9
G
0
11
0
•20
0
0
4
0
0
0
4 0
0
5 0
0
7 0
78 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Dz<^«>5, <^^c. [1837-8.
£ s. d.
Glue or Gelatine, cwt. . . . . . 0 12 0
Gluos are of different kiuds, according to the various uses tliey are dpsignod for, as the common
glue, glove glue, and parchment glue ; whereof the two last are more projierly called size.
The glue manufactured in Europe is of different kinds ; but that which is made in England is
esteemed the liest. — Ency. Britan.
Oelat'me from Bones. — The apparatus employed at the hospital of St. Louis, for extracting the
gelatine from bones has been in full activity since October, 1829; in about three years
and three months it has wrought night and day without interruption, and has supplied
1,0.')9,701 ralions of gelatinous solution, and 2,192 kilogrammes (4,384 lb.) grease. More tliau
29,0U0 persons in llie course of that time have been suppli(>d at the liospital of St. Louis
with upwards of a million of rations of gelatine. The sick, labourers, and poor, are perfectly
satisfied with the regimen, and would not revert, without complaint and opposition, to the or-
dinary mode oi \i\mg.— Repertory of Patents.
Clippings or Waste of any kind fit only for making
Glue, 1 00^. val. (See Hides.) . . . .10 0
Grains, Guinea Grains, lb. . . . .020
Extract or preparation of. See Grains, in Extract,
page 73.
By 4 and 5 Will IV., c. S9, ^ 5, no abatement of the duties shall be made on
account of any damage received by Guinea grains.
of Paradise, lb. . . . . .020
Extract or Preparation of. See Grains, in Extract,
page 73.
Guinea Grains. — Ihe seed of a plant produced in the East Indies and Guinea. They are some-
what like pepper, and applied to similar purposes, — Ed.
Granilla, lb. . . . . . .002
Tlie inferior parts of cochineal. — Ed.
Grapes, 100^. val. . . . . .500
The fruit of the vine. The varieties of the vine are very numerous. Don Simon de Koxas
Clemente, to whom we are indebted for the most scientific work on the sul>ject, enumerates
about two hundred and fifty varieties, as cultivated in the kingdom of Andalusia alone. One
of the richest Malaga wines is furnished by a grape that is said to have originally come from
the banks of the Rhine. — Henderson.
Grease, cwt. . . . . . .018
Bears'. — The quantity of oil drawn from a single bear is considerable. The flesh and fat are
boiled together in a caldron, and the oil is easily separated. This oil is equally good, and
answers the same purposes, as the best olive oil. lieneath we find a lard as white, but a little
softer, than hog's lard. It serves for culinary purposes, and has no bad taste or smell.
Their grease is like suet ; and, after being well melted, it becomes as clear as whale oil. It
is generally burnt in lamps, and has not so bad a smell as fish oil. Our sailors sell it for
wliale oil. — Biijfon.
Greaves, for Dogs, cwt. . . . . .020
Guinea Wood, ton . . . . .050
Gum, Animi, Copal, Arabic, Senegal, Tragacanth, Lac Dye,
Shellac, Storax, Assafoetida, Ammoniacum, Kino, Guia-
cum, and other Gum not otherwise charged, cwt. . 0 6 0
Ammoniacum. — A gum resin, supposed, but upon very doubtful evidence, to be the produce of
a species of Heracleum, called by Willdenow, Heradeum gumuiferum, a native of Africa
and of the East Indies, whence the finest is iinported into Europe, either in separate drops,
or in cakes and masses, which appear to consist of the tears agglutinated. That which is
decidedly guttiform, of a clean and deep buff colour externally, paler within, and free from
impurities, is most esteemed. Ammoniacum has little smell, but its taste is bitter, nause-
ous, and somewhat pungent. The powdered ammoniacum should be packed up in small
oblong parcels, as it will afterwards again agglutinate. — Brande.
Animi, improperly called Gum Animi, is a resinous sulistance imported from New Spain and
the llrazils. There are two kinds, distinguished by the names of Oriental and Occidental.
The former is ilry, and of an uncertain colour, some specimens being greenish, some reddish,
and some of the brown colour of myrrh. The latter is In yellowish-white, transparent,
somewhat unctuous tears, and partly in larger masses, brittle, of a light pleasant taste,
easily melting in the lire, and burning with an agreeable smell. — Ure.
Gum Acacirj;, or, as ills vulgarly called. Gum Arabic, is a spontaneous exudation from the bai-k
of the Acacia vera, a native of Africa. This gum is imported, packed in casks, from Bar-
bary and Morocco, in drops or tears, and in small fragments, of a pale straw colour, and
more or less transparent or translucent. It is frequently mixed with what is known in the
trade under the name of Gum Senegal, also an African product, and probably indiscri-
minately collected from several trees. — Brande,
Gunpowder, cwt, . • « f , • 3 0 0
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z)«/iw, <$•€. 79
Gunpowder, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Gunpowder, except by licence from His Majesfy, such licence to be granted for
furnishing His Majesty's stores only, jimhibited to be imjiorted on pain of
forfeiture. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 5-', § 58.
This well known powder is cnmiiosed nf 75 piuts, by weight, of nitre, 16 of charcoal, .-iiid 0 of
siil]iluir, iutiniaiely blended tofjether by lonj; poiiudinj; in wooden moitaia, witli a small
quantity of water. This inoportionof the materials is the most eftectual ; but the variations
of stienglli in different samples of ^inpowder are generally occasioned by the more or Icbs
intimate division and mixture of tlie parts. — Vre.
Guns, bi-ought by Passengers. See Baggage, p. 50.
Gypsum, the ton . . . , . . 1 11 8
produce of, and imported from B. P., ton . 0 13
The name of a class of fossils: the plaster stone; white lime; a kind of plaster.— Jo/in.?on.
Sulphated lime, or lime combined with slilphuiie acid, is commonly called gypsum, or plaster-
stone when mixed with carbonated lime. When crystallized it is called selenite. This
stone was used by the ancients instead of glass for w indows. — Mu'te-Brun.
Hair. Camel's Hair or Wool, lb. . . . .001
the produce of and imported from B. P. . . Free.
— — Cow, Ox, Bull, or Elk Hair, cvvt. . . .006
Goat's Hair. See Wool.
Horse Hair, cwt. . ■, . . .006
Human Hair, lb. . . . . .010
not otherwise enumerated, 100/. val. . . 5 0 0
Manufactures of Hair or Goats' Wool, or of Hair or
Goats' Wool and any other material, and articles of such
manufacture wholly or in part made up, not particularly
enumerated, or otherwise charged with duty, 100/. val. . 30 0 0
Human hair makes a very considerable article in commerce, especially since the mode of pe"
rukes has obtained. The hair of the growth of the northern countries, as England, &e., is
valued much beyond that of the more southern ones, as Italy, Spain, the south part* of
France, &c. Its length should be about 25 inches ; the more it falls short of this tha less
vnlue it bears. Hairis also used in various other arts and manufactures. lu particular, the
liair of beavers, hares, conies, &c., is the i)rincipal matter whereof hats are made. — Ency.
Britan.
Horse-hair is used in a variety of manufactures, such as stuffing the cushions of chairs and
other articles by tlie upholsterer. — Kd.
India shawls are distinguished from French slia\\ Is by the circumstance of thsir not becoming
crumpled in consequeuce of being pressed. M. Key attributes this quality to the nature of
the substance of which they are manul'uctured. lie imagines this substance to be the wool
of sheep, ami not goat-hair. Amtmg the tribes of Turkish origin which inhabit the central
parts of Asia, the animal whose hair is employed in the manufacture of shawls beari the
name of Thiliet Goat. The goat of Tliibet has been introduced into France for the jiurposu
of producing the fine hair which has been believed to be employed in the maunf icture of tho
rich shawls of lad\;x.— Bulletin dcs Sciences Jigricules, and Quarterly Jcurnul of Agriculture.
Hams, cwt. . . . . . .18 0
By 4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89, hams deposited in warehouses of special security,
when taken out for home use, the duty shall be charged upon the (quantity
actually delivered.
liy T. 0.,29 Nov. 183G, on the delivery for home use of hams deposited in warehouses of
exlrd security lilted up in the proper manner, an allowance is to be made for the natural
waste that may have arisen thereon in such wai-eliouses, not exceeding 3 per cent, for tho
fust twelve months, on the quantities ascertained at the time of tire first entry and landing
the same ; and for any term exceeding twelve months, an allowance not exceeding i
per cent.
Harp Strings, or Lute Strings, silvered, 100/. val. . . -20 0 0
Hats or Bonnets, viz. : —
Bast, Chip, Cane, or Horse-hair Hats or Bonnets, each
hat or bonnet not ex. 22 inches in diameter, doz.
each hat or bonnet ex. 22 inches in diameter, doz.
Straw Hats or Bonnets, each hat or bonnet not ex. 22
inches in diameter, doz. ....
each hat or bonnet ex. 22 inches in diameter, doz.
made of or mixed with felt, hair, wool, or beaver,
the hat . . . . . .0106
1
0
0
2
0
0
3
8
0
6
16
0
80 UNITED KINGDOM— Imports.— Dwiie*, ^-c. [1837-8.
Hats or Bonnets, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
See Silk.
Tlie flneat, iiinl those most Viiliieil, are mailc of pure li.iir of an amphilnous anim;il, called the
castor or be:iv«?i-, rre((ueiit in C;iua<la, and other provinces of North America. Hats are also
made for women's we.ir, nut only of the above stuffs.but of chips, straw, or cane, by plaitiu;.',
nnd sewing' the pliits to^'cther: beginning with the centre of the crown, and workinir round
til! tlie wliiile id finished. Ilatg for the same purpo.se are also woven and made of horse
hair, silk, &c. — Emy. Britan.
Hay, the load of 36 trusses, each truss 5G lb. . , 14 0
Heath for brtishes, cwt. . . . . .092
Helebore, lb. . . . . . .001
; The root of a plant formerly used iu medicine, but now nearly diicarded from practice, in
coniequenco of the violence of its operation. — i're.
Hemp, Dressed, cwt. . . . . .4150
■ Rousrh or Undressed, or any other vegjetable sub-
stance of the nature and quality of undressed hemp and
applicable to the same purposes, cwt. . . .001
By 3 and Will. IV., c. 3-4, § 2, Hemp being the produce of Europe shall not
be imported into the United Kingdom, to be used /herein, excei)t in British
ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce, or in
ships from which the goods are imported.
Only the coarser kinds of hemp are employed in making oonlage, the belter sov'.s heini; used
for linen, which, tliou;,'h it can never be made so fine as that from flax, is yet incomparably
stronger, and equally susceptible of bledchiug both in the old and new way. Cloths made
of herap have also this projierty. that their colour imjiroves by wearing, while that of linen
decays. Ensjlish hemp is much superior iu strength to tliat whicli grows in any other
country. Neit to it is the Kussiaii, from which sacking is usually made, as it is sometimes
also from the (JlVal of tlie Kurdish kind; but none of tlio Suffolk hemp is ever made into
cordage, on account of its liiieness. Russia slieeting is impiirted into England merely on
account of its strength, but is much coarser at the price than any otlier foreign lineH. —
Ency. Britan.
Hides, Horse, Mare, Gelding, Buffalo, Bull, Cow, or Ox
Hides, viz.: —
not tanned, tawed, curried, or in any way dressed, viz. : —
Dry, cwt. . . . . .048
Wet, cwt. . . . . .024
the produce of and imported from the West Coast of
Africa, each hide not ex. 14 lb., the cwt. . . 0 2 4
the produce of, and imported from B. P., viz. : —
Dry, cwt. . . . . .024
Wet, cwt. . . . . .012
By T. L., .Tan. i3, 1S35, "Sea-Cow Hides,'* Elephant Hides, and " El.md or large Deer
Hides" imported from the Cape of (Jood Hope, may be admitted to entry upon the same
terms or rates .18 tlose appertaining to Ox and Cow Hides, on condition of Bond being
given in the usual manner to pay tlie higher duties if it Bhould not be the pleasure of Par-
liament to sanction the proposeil reduction of duty.
. tanned and not otherwise dressed, lb. . .006
tanned and not otherwise dressed, the produce of
and imported from B. P., lb.
cut or trimmed, lb. ....
the produce of and imported from B. P., lb.
and pieces of such hides, tawed, curried, or in any
way dressed, lb.
the produce of and imported from B. P., lb.
cut or triinmed, lb.
0
0 3
0
0 9
0
0 4*
0
0 9
0
0 4i
0
1 2
0
0 7
the produce of and imported from B. P., lb.
Tails. See Tails.
Bi'ffalo.— \\y C. O., July 2, lS3t), Manilla and Siucajioic bufTalo hides, wliich will not hear
so high a duty as 4s. 8d. tlie cwt., are allowed to be reduced in bond into waste or
clipj)ings, fit only to make glue, at the expense of the parties, and afterwards delivered on
payment of the duty of U. per cent, charged on buffalo hides when imported iu strins. See
Glue, p. -,S.
— — — Losh Hides, lb. . , . .018
1837-8.] UNITKD KINGDOM— Imports.— D«//V,9,cy-c, 81
Hides, continued, riz. : — £ s. d,
Muscovy or Russia Hides, tanned, coloured, shaved
or otherwise dressed, hide . . . , 0 '> 0
' pieces tanned, coloured, shaved, or otherwise dressed,
lb. . . . . . .020
Hides, or Pieces of Hides, raw or undres.sed, not
particularly enumerated, nor otherwise charged with duty,
imported from B. P. in America, 100/. val. . . 5 17 6
Hides, or Pieces of Hides, raw or undressed, not
particularly enumerated, nor otherwise charged with duty,
100/. val. . . . . . . 20 0 0
Hides, or Pieces of Hides, tanned, tawed, curried, or
in any way dressed, not particularly enumerated, nor other-
wise charged with duty, 100/. val. . . . 30 0 0
Hides or any other part of cattle or beasts, Ilis Majesty maj', by order in
council, prohibit, m order to prevent any contagious Uistempcr, 3 and 4
Will. IV., c. .')2, ^^58.
Hides, tlie skins of beasts ; but the word is particularly applied to (liosp of large cattle,
as bullocks, cows, horses. Sec. Hides are either raw or (•reen, just as takeu olV the carcase ;
salted or seasoned with salt, alum and saltpetre, to prevent their spoilin.;;; or curried and
tanned. — line;/, lirilan.
Hones, 100 . . , . . ,13 0
Honey, cwt. . . . . . .0150
produce of and imported from B. P., cwt. . . 0 5 0
F. I.amberti asserts, that the best honey in the world is produced in Pontus, and that it-J
superiority is attributable to the great qiuintity of balm growing there. In this quarter of
the world, the Narbonue Honey is regarded as the finest, owing to the rosemary which
abounds in the neighbourhood of Narbonue. — Beviin.
At Chinama, in Madeira, Don Antonio first let us taste the honey which the bees upon the
I'eak prepare from the retama. The honey is taken from them twice every summer, always
in great abundance, and neither Hymettus nor Chamouny have ever produced anything
cipial to it; — it is so pure and traus])arent, and the taste so aromatic and delicious.
Whoevi-r, indeed, would import this bush to the bees of Kurope, would deserve as well of
his countrymen, as he who introduced the vine and fruit-trees. — Baron Vun linch.
Hoofs of Cattle, 100/. val. . . . .10 0
Hoofs, or any other part of cattle or beasts, His Majesty may, by order in
council, prohibit the importation of, in order to prevent any contagious dis-
temper. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, $ 58.
Hoops, Iron, cwt. .....
• Wood, not exceeding G inches in length, 1000
■ ex. G feet and not ex. 9 feet in length. 1 000
ex. 9 feet and not ex. 12 feet in length, 1000 .
ex. 12 feet and not ex. 15 feet in length, 1000
ex. 15 feet in length, 1000
Hops, cwt. ......
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, ^ 33, Hops shall not be re-importcd into the
United Kini^dom for home use, upon the ground that the same had been
legally exported from thence; but the same shall be deemed to be foreign
goods, whether originally such or not, and shall also be deemed to be
imported for the first time into the United Kingdom.
Horns and Horn Tips, ton . . . .010
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. CO.)
Pieces of Horns, not otherwise charged with duty, cwt. 0 2 4
Pee the foregoing. Query. Are IIoius or Horn Tips, Pieces of Horns ? — Ed.
His Majesty may, by order in council, prohibit the importation of horns, in
order to prevent any contagious distemper. 3 atid 4 Will. IV., c. 52, ^ 58.
Horns make a considerable article in the arts and manufactures. Bullocks' hums, softened
by the fire, serve to make lanterns, combs, knives, ink-horns, tobacco-boxes, S;e. — Fnc;/. lirit.
Horses, Mares, or Geldings, each 10 0
By T. O., July 30, 1835, horses in steam vessels may be immediately lauded, upon a deposit
being made or security given, and the proper customs rej;\ilations being afterwards duly
complied with.
1
3
9
0
5
0
0
7
G
0
10
0
0
12
G
0
15
0
8
11
0
82 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports— Z)M//c5, c<?r. [1837-8.
Horses, conti7iued, viz. : — £ s. d.
The Barh.—T\\a H;iib, from Bnvliary, and particularly from Morocco nnrl Fez, and the interior
of Tripoli; and remarkable for"liis fine and graceful action. The Barb is decidedly
superior to the Arab in form, but has not his spirit, nor speed, nor countenance.
The Dotigola Hursc— The kingdom of Uon<,'ola, and tlie neiijhbouring districts lying between
Egypt and Abyssinia, contain a horse not at all like any other oriental. The Dongola
horses stand full sixteen hands high, but the length of the body, from the shoulders to the
quarter, is considerably less. One of these horses was sold in ISIG, at Grand Cairo, for a
sum equivalent to 1000/.
The Arabian. — There are said to be three breeds or varieties of Arabian horses. The Arabian
horse would not be acknowledged by every judge to possess a perfect form; his head,
however, is inimitable.
The East India Horxe. — The Toorky, originally from a Toorkoman and a Persian, beauliful in
his form, graceful in his action, and docilo in his temper.
The Chinese Horse. — Tliis breed is small, weak, ill formed, without spirit, and altogether
undeserving of notice.
The Persian llm-se- — The Persian horses never exceed fourteen or fourteen hands and a half
Inigh, yet certainly in the whole are taller than tlie Arabs. Those of the desert and country
about llillah run very small, but are full of bone, and of good speed.
The TuorhinuiH //orse.—Turkistan is that part of South Tartary, north-east of the Caspian
Sea, and has l)een celebrated from very early times for producing a pure and valuable breed
of horses ; they are called Toorlioraans. They are large, standing from fifteen to sixteen
hands higli ; swift, and inexhaustible under fatigue.
The Tartar and Cahnuch Horse. — The horses of the other parts of Tartary, comprehending
the immense plains of Central Asia, and .a considerable part of European Russia, are little
removed from a wild state; they are small and badly made; but capable of supporting
the longest and most rapid journey on the scantiest fare.
The Turkish Horse. — The Turkisli liorses are descended principally from the Arab, crossed by
the Persian and certain other bloods. The Byerley and the Helmsley Turk are names
familiar to every one conversant with horses, and connected with our best blood.
The (ierman Horse. — The German horses are generally large, heavy, and slow.
The Swedish, Finland, and Nonvegian Horfe. — Of the Swedish horses, Clarke, in his " Scandi-
navia," says, that they are small, but beautiful, and remarkable for their speed and spirit.
Those of Finland he describes as yet smaller, not more than twelve hands high, beautifully
formed, and very fleet.
The Iceland Horse. — There are numerous troops of horses in this cold and inhospitable
country. They are very small, strong, and swift. There are thousands of them in the
mountains which never enter a stable.
The Flemish and Butch Horse. — The Flemish and Dutch horses are large, and strongly and
beautifully formed. We are indebted to them for some of the best blood of our draught-
horses, and we still have frequent recourse to tlu^m for keeping up and improving tlie breed.
The French //arse. —France contains, like England, numerous breeds of horses, and consider-
able attention has lately lieen paid to their improvement ; but they are far inferior to ours
in beauty, fleetucss, and strength.
The Spanish Horse. — Spain was early celebrated for her breed of horses. The Andalusian
charger and the Spanish jennet are familiar to all readers of romance. The Spanish horse
of the present day is not much unlike the Yorkshire half-bred; perhaps with flatter legs
and better feet, but far inferior figure.
Tlie Italian Horse. — The Italian horses were once in high repute, particularly the Keapolitans ;
but they have sadly degenerated. A few of the Neapolitan horses, from their superior size
nud stateliness, are well adapted for the carriage.
The American Horse. — In the extensive territory and varied climate of the United States,
several breeds of horses are found.
The Canadian is found principally in Canada, and the Northern States. He is supposed to
be of French descent, and many of the celebrated American trotters are of this breed.
The Conestoga Horse is found in Pennsylvania and the Middle States; sometimes rising
seventeen hands, used principally tor the carriage; but when not too high, and with
sufficient substance, useful lor hunting and the saddle.
The English Horse, with a good deal of blood, iirevails in Virginia and Kentucky ; and is
found, to a greater or less degree, in all the stales. — Library of Useful Knowledge — Farmer's
Series,
Hungary Water. See Spirits.
I. & J.
Jalap, lb. . . . . . . 0 0 G
By 4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89, § 5, no abatement of the duties shall be made on
;\ccount of any damage received by jalap.
This species of convolvulus is named from Xalappa, a city of jSb'xico. The root, which,
when fresh, .abounds in a milky juice, is importeci in irregular globular pieces, and their
sections and slices; it should he. dense, and of a resinous fracture, exhibiting a brownish-
grey interior, and a concentric arrangement of its layers. Its odour, especially when in
])owiler, is very characteristic ; ils taste exceedingly nauseous, accompanied by a .sweetish
bitterness. Those pieces which are light, spongy, p.ale-coloured, worm-eaten, and ino-
dorous, should be rejected, as either injured or spurious. — Brande.
Japanned or Lacquered Ware, 100^. val, . . 20 0 0
Jean Boots and Shoes. See Boots, p. 50.
1837-8.J UNITED KTNGbOM.— Imports.— 7)?^/?V.,?, c'^r. 83
£ s. d.
Jet, lb. . . ... 0 0 2
Jet, a bliiok inflaminablc substnnce of tlio bitiiniiiious lii'nd, havdor than asplinltnm, ami sii-^-
ceptible of a f^imd polish. (Jicat (luantities of it have lieen dug up in llio I'yrenn-aii
mountains; also near liatalka, a small town of I'oituyal, anil in Gallicia in Spain. U is
foiftid also in Ireland, Sweden, Prussia, Gfvmauy, and Italy. It is used in making small
lioxes, buttons, bracelets, mourning jewels, Sic. Sometimes also it is employed in con-
junction with |iroi>er oils in making, varnishes. When mixed with lime in powder, it is
said to make very hard and durable cement. — Enrji, Biititn.
Jetsam. See Derelict, p. 72.
Jewels, Eiiiertilds, Rubies, and all other Precious Stones,
except Diamonds, viz.
• Set, lUU/. val. . . . . . 20 0 0
not set, 100/. , . , . . 10 0 0
Gems, ov Precious Stones, arc sometimes found of regular shapes and with a natural polish,
and sometimes of irregular shapes and with a rough coat. 'I'he first sort may be considered
.IS of the pebble kind, and are saiii to be found near the beds of rivers, after great rains ;
the otliers are found in mines, and in the clefts ol rocks. The gems of the lirst sort were
what the ancients most usually engraved upon. The.se are commonly called Intaqlins.
The following is a general list of what ari! usually called Frcciuas Stunas ; — the beryl,
red, yellow, or white ; emerald, green ; jacinth, of a deep tawny red ; chrysolite, of a liglit
grass-green; crystal, or Oriental pebble, of a silvery white ; garnet, of a deep-red claret
colour; amethyst, purple; diamond, white; ruby, red or crimson-coloured ; emerald, of a
deep green; aqua marina, of a bluish sea-green, like sea-water; topaz, of a ripe citron
yellow ; sapphire, of a deep sky-blue, or of a silver white; corneli.in, red or white ; opal,
white and cliangeable ; vermilion-stoue, more tawny than the jacinth. All those stones
• are more or less transparent. The Ibllowing are all opaijue: — liiu cal's-cye, brown; red
Jasper, called also thick cornelian, of the colour of red ochre; jet, Iplack ; agates of various
sorts ; blood-stone, green, veined or spotted with red and white ; onyx, consisting of
dilTerent parallel strata, mostly white and black ; sardonyx, of several shades of brown aiul
white ; agate onyx, of two or more strata of white, either opaque or transparent ; alabaster,
dilferonl strata of white and yellow, like the agate-onyx, but all opaque ; load'seye, black ;
turquoise, of a yellowish blue, inclining to green ; lapislazuli, of a lino deep blue. Of
most of the species before mentioned, there are some of an inferior class and beauty. These
are commonly called, by jewellers. Occidental Stones. They are mosll> the produce of
Europe, and found in mines or stone quarries; and are so named in opposition to tliose of
a higher class, which are always accounted Oriental, and supposed to bo produced only in
the IJast. — Parhington's Cijclop.
Emerald. — The ladies of llogola are adorned with emeralds of a peculiarly fine green, and
without flaws, which is rare in these stones, and makes them very valuable. These
emeralds are all from the mines of Moussa ; wliere some of the largest in the world havo
been found are now in the possession of the King of Spain. — Mavie.
Huhy and Sapphire. — The celebrated sapphire and ruby mines, which have always afforded,
and still continue to afl'ord, the finest gems of this description in the world, aio about five.
day.s' journey from Ava, in the direction li.S. E. Sapphires and rubies form a considerabla
article in the exports of the Chinese. — Embassy to Aoa.
.Amethyst. — This interesting gem appears to unite the blue of the sapphire with the red of the
ruby, so nicely blended as to produc;^ the most perfect violet colour. The oriental auieLhvst
is extremely scarce, and I have rarely seen one oll'ored for sale, lailoss very small and
inferior in colour. — Mawe.
Topaz. — This is of a light yellow or straw colour, and when pure possesses great beauty. It
occurs in the same localities with the preceding, is less common than the sapphire, but not
so rare or valuable as the ruby or amethyst.— J/awe.
India Rubbers. See Caoutchouc, p. 58.
Indigo, lb. . . . . . .004
produce of and imported from B. P., lb. . . 0 0 3
Indigo is a dyeing drug procured from many dilTerent species of plants, belonging to Tourne-
fort's natural family of leguminous, included for the most part iu the genus called
Indigofera by Liunicus. It constitutes the most valuable article of export and remittance
from Hindostan. A very considerable quantity of indigo is also imported into Europe from
America and Egypt. It is not long since the Uaraca and Guatimala indigo held a niucli
higher cliaracter, and commanded a much belter price than that of India; but thu
improvements due to the intelligence of our planters in the East have, within these few
years, enabled them to prepare an article very superior to the linest American.— Z)r. I've
in Brande's Quarterly Journal of Science.
Ink, for Printers, cwt. .....
Inkle, Unwrought, lb, . . . . ]
Wroughr, lb. ....*.
A kind of narrow lillet, a tape.— Dr. Johnson.
Instruments. Professional, brought by Passon"-ers. See
Baggage, p. 50. °
Ipecacuanha. Sec Radix Ipccacuanhcc.
Iron, iu Bars, or Unwrought, the ton . , , 1 lo 0
0
10
0
0
0
10
0
5
2
£
s.
d.
0
2
G
0
5
0
10
0
0
0
12
0
0
5
9
0
10
0
0
1
3
0
5
0
20
0
0
84 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— I>»j;/e5, <^'r. [1837-8.
Iron, continued, viz.: —
' the produce of and imported from any B. P., ton
• Slit or Hammered into Rods, and Iron drawn or ham-
mered less than | inch square, cwt.
Cast, 100/. val. .....
Hoops. See Hoops, p. 81.
Old Broken and Old Cast Iron, ton . .
• Ore, ton ......
Pig Iron, ton .....
• the produce of and imported from B. P., ton
• Chromate of Iron, ton ....
Wrought, not otherwise enumerated, 100/. val.
Iron, in some sliape or ollipr, is very fjonerally distriljiitcd tliroiiffli most parts of tl\e world ;
and its ores, of wliicli there are several varieties, are in },'eneral combinations of iron with
more or less oxygen, orwitli sulpiuir. The best iron, for many ])urposes,L'omes from Norway
and Sweden, but the largest quantity is raised in England and Wales. Iron is a metal
so well known in consequence of its indispensable necessity, as to require but little attempt
at the enumeration of it» uses. Its alloys with carbon or charcoal are three in number,
viz.: steel, cast-iron, and plumbago, commonly called black lead. In combination wiili
acids, it forms salts, much used in dyeing, ink-making, calico-priutini;, &c. It is also
frequently used in medicine as a tonic. It is the colouring matter of several ochres used in
painting, the basis of the fine pigment, called Prussian Hlue.and, as a metal, it is valuable
wherever sharpness of edge, firmness of texture, durability and cheapness, are recjuisite. —
Joyce.
Isinglass, cwt. . . . . . .276
• produce of, and imported from B, P., cwt. . 0 15 10
Isinglass is maile from certain fish found in the Danube, and the rivers of Muscovy. Isinglass
boiled in milk forms a mild nutritious jelly, and is thus sometimes employed medicinally.
This, when flavoured by the art of the cooli, is the blanc-manger of our tables. — Ure.
Isle of Max.
Goods from the Isle of Man, except such as be of Ihe growth, produce, or
mauufacture thereof, prohibited to be imjiorted into ibe United Kini^dom,
on pain of forfeiture. Sand 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 58. — See Isle of Man,
Part 9.
Corn from the Isle of Man. See also Isle of Man, Paut 9.
Juice of Lemons, Limes, and Oranges, gal. . . 0 0 0^
By C. O., April 23, 18.35, Juice of Lemons, whether concentrated or raw, is chargeable only
with the duty of one lialfpenny per gallon.
These articles are used in medicine and cookery. Lime juice is imported principally from the
West Indies. — Ed.
Junk, old. See Rags, old.
Kelp. See Alkali, p. 4G.
K.
Lac, Stick Lac, cwt. . . , . .010
Lace, Thread Lace, 100/. . . . , 30 0 0
See Silk.
There are several towns in England, and particularly in Buckinghamshire, that carry on the
m.anulaclure of lace : but vast quantities of the finest lace have been imported from
Flanders and France. — Ency. Britnn.
Lacquered Ware. See Japanned Ware.
Lagan. See Derelict, p. 72.
Lamb.
Probibited to be hnported for home use on pain of forfeiture, but may be
warehoused for exportation only. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 58, 59, GO.
Lamp Black, cwt. . . . . .10 0
The finest lamp black is produced by collecting the smoke from a lamp with a long wick,
which supplies more oil than can be perfectly consumed. — Ure.
Lapis Calaminaris, cwt. . . . . ,010
Several chemical varieties of ores of zinc are known nnder the name of Calamine, or Lapis
calaminaris. That which we find in commerce is visually buft'-coloured or reddish grey
fragments, of an earthy aspect. — Brande.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z)M</e.9, cf-c, 85
£ s. d.
Lard, cwt. . . , . . .080
Latten, cwt. . . . . . .040
Shaven, cwt. . . . . .060
Liittca denotes iron plates tinned over, of which tea canisters are made. — Ed.
Lavender Flowers, lb. . . . . . 0 0 10
Tliesc are rather to be re^'arded as a ijerfiime tlian a medicine. In point of fr.agrance nono
of the foreign oil of lavender comes into competition with that distilled in Knijland ; and
the plant is very abundantly cultivated in the vicinity of London for tliat purpose. — Brande.
Lead, Black, cwt. . . . . .040
Chroinateof Lead, 11). . . . .020
Ore, ton . . . . . . 1 ;5 0
• Pig, ton . . . . . .200
• Red, cwt. . . . . .000
White, cwt. . . . . .070
This mineral, which is not very common, is found chiefly in primitive mountains. It is met
with in Spain, France, IJavaria, and Hungary. Graphite or black lead is employed for
making pencils. The coarser parts are employed in making eruciljles. It is also employed
for covering cast iron, such as grates, to defend them from rust ; and, on account of its
unctuous property, it is applied to those parts of machines which are subject to frictigu,
for the purpose of diminishing it. — Emy. Brifan.
An alkaline chromate, mi.Yed with the solution of nitrate of lead, forms a precipitate in tho
state of red powder, which is chromate of lead. — Enc;/. Britan.
The ores of lead are very numerous, tlie metal being mineralized by sulphur, oxygen,
molybdic, oliromic, arsenic, carbonic, and muriatic acids. Lead is also found combined
Willi other metals in the reguline state, as well as with earths, and metallic oxides. Tlie
ores of lead are found in Saxony, France, England, and some other parts of Europe. Lead
is a metal of much importance, as from its durabilily it is extensively used in the con-
struction of water-pipes, as a covering for flat surfaces or tops of buihlings, S:c. &c. Its
salts, which are poisonous, are used in medicine to form sedative external apidicatious, and
freipii-ntly not a little by the disreputable wine-merchant, to stop the process of acetous
fermentation. The oxida of lead enters into the composition of white glass, which it
renders clear and more fusible ; it is also used in glazing common earllien vessels ; henea
tlie reason that pickles kept in common red pans become poisonous. Lead with tin, and a
small quantity of some of the other metals, forms pewter; with antimony it forms the
alloy of which printing types are made.— Ji«/ce.
Pig lead is merely the state of lead aft.-r its first process towards manufacture. — Ed.
If oxide of lead be reduced to a fine powder, and exposed to a strong heat in a furnace for
about fifty or sixty hours, it is converted into a red powder, which is well known by the
name of minium, or red lead. — Ency. Britan.
Ceruse, or white lead, which is employed as a paint, is a carbonate of lead. It is prepared
by exposing thin plates of lead to the vajiour of vinegar. — Ency. Britan.
A curious document connected with the working of the lead mines in Spain (in the kingdom
of Granada') lias been forwarded to a mercaiuile house in the city by a correspondent at
Madrid. The mau.igers of those mines, in consequeuce of the non-remunerating ])rice
■which tlie commodity bears in the market, have determined on taking measures to diminish
tlie quantity produced, and have consequtiitly ])ut a total stop to the working of those
mines under their control, whether productive or unproductive, until the article is as much
sought after as it used to be in former years. They have also closed the magazines iit
which the lead already worked was kept, and will not allow any of it to be taken away.
All buyers of the article are prohibited from appearing on the works until a change of
circumstances has taken place. It is understood that these extraordinary measures were
intende<l to remain in force " for one year, or longer if necessary." They were resolved
upon, it seems, at a meeting of the council of the lead mines of the Sierra of Gador, in the
kingdom of Granada, held at Beija on the 8th Sept., 1837, the insjiector of the mines
having presided on the occasion. — Ed.
Leather, viz. Pieces of Leather, or Leather cut into Shapes,
or any article made of Leather, or any Manufacture
whereof Leather is the most valuable part, not otherwise
enumerated, 100/. val. . . . . .30 0 0
Leather has divers names according to the state wherein it is, and according to the different
kinds of skins whereof it is ]irepared, and its peculiar qualities when so prepared. 1.
The skin is raw as it conies off the animal. 2. Some are salted to prevent corruptiiui in
keeping. Skins dried with the h.iir on are commonly those of oxen and cows, or buffaloes,
either t.ame or wild. Most of those in France come from foreign countries. The places
which furnish the largest quantity are Peru, the isle of St. Domingo, ISarbary. Cape Verd
Isles, the river Senegal in Africa, Muscovy, Ireland, the island of Cuba. Those uf the
latter place are the most esteemed ; they are called Havaiinah skins, fiom the name of
the capital city of that island. The three principal assortments of leather are tanned or
tawed, and oil and alum leather, all which are dressed, — Chambers.
Leather Shoes. See Boots, p. 54.
S6 UNITED KINGDOM— Imports.— Duties, ^-c. [1837-8_
£ 5. d.
Leaves of Gold, 100 leaves . . . .030
Gold Ipaf ought to be prepared from the finest gold ; as the admixture of other metals, though
in too sraall a proportion to atl'ect sensibly the colour of the leaf, would dispose it to lose its
beauty in the air. — Ency.Br'ttan.
Keaunuir asserts, that in an experiment ho made, one grain of gold was extended to rather
mori! than forty-two square inches of loaf-gold; and that an ounce of gohl, which in the
form of a cube, is not half an inch eitlier liigh, broad, or long, is beat under the hammer
into a surface of 150 square feet. There are gold leaves not thicker, in some parts, than the
three hundred and sixty thousandth part of an 'mi^\\.-' Burtm.
Leaves of Roses, lb. . . . . .002
The unfolded buds are used in the preparation of the confectio rosaj gallica;, which is a con-
venient vehicle for some medicines. — Brando.
Leeches, 100^. val. . . . . .500
Lemons. See Oranges.
Peel of, lb. . . . . .005
The rind of the fruit contains a particularly pleasant essential oil, which is a good adjunct to
bitter and nauseous medicines. — Urc.
Preserved in Sugar. See Succades.
Lentiles, bushel . . . . . 0 0 10
I.entile, in botany, the name of a genus of plants. Lentiles make excellent sweet fodder ;
and are therefore to be preferred to all other kinds for calves and other young cattle. Tliey
are likewise the best as well as cheapest food ibr pigeons. The seeds of lentiles are
frequently the common food of the poor in some of the islands of the Archipelago, and
other warm countries, wlien they can meet with no better fare. — Recs.
Lignum Quassia. See Quassia.
Vitse, ton . . . . . 0 10 0
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 60.)
Lignum vitae, the wood of a genus of trees called by botanists Thuya. Lignum vita? is much
valued by turners, making extremely beautiful cups, bowls, boxes, and other curiosities.
Lignum vitse is also a name given to guaiacum. — Rues.
LiNKN, or Linen and Cotton, viz. : —
■ • — Cambrics and Lawns, commonly called French
Lawns, the piece not ex. eight yards in length, and not
ex. seven-eighths of a yard in breadth, and so in proportion
for any greater or less qiiantitv :
Plain . . " . . . .060
Bordered Handkerchiefs . . .050
Lawns of any other sort, not French, viz.
• not containing more than 60 threads to the inch of
warp, sq. yd. . . . . . .009
containing more than GO threads the inch of warp,
sq. yd.
Damask and Damask Diaper, sq. yd.
Drillings, Ticks, and Twilled Linens, sq. yd.
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
0
8
0
0
7h.
■ Sail Cloth, sq. yd.
Plain Linens and Diaper, not otherwise enumerated,
and whether chequered or striped with dyed yarn or not,
viz.
not containing more than 20 threads to the inch of
warp, sq. yd. ..... 0 0 2.^
more" than 20 threads and not more than 24 threads
to the inch of warp, sq. yd. . . . . 0 ' 0 3
. L — more than 24 threads and not more than 30 threads
to the inch of warp, sq. yd. . . . .004
more than 30 threads and not more than 40 threads
to the inch of warp, sq. yd. . . . . 0 0 4:|-
more than 40 threads and not more than CO threads
to the inch of warp, sq. yd. . . . .008
more than 60 threads, and not more than 80 threads
to the inch of warp, sq. yd. . . . . 0 0 10
more than 80 threads, and not more than iOO threads
to the inch of warp, sq. yd. . , . .01
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— iMrouTS.—Z^wZ/M, .$-c. 87
hinen, C07itinued, viz. : — £ s. d.
more than 100 threads to the inch of wiirp, sq. yd. . 0 I G
OR, and instead of the duties hereinbefore imposed
upon hnens according; to the number of threads in the
warp, at the option of the importer, lOU/. val. . . 40 0 0
No increased rate of (hity to be charged on any linen or lawns for any addi-
tional number of threads nut exceedini; two threads for such as are not of
thirty threads to the inch, nor tor any additimial number of thrcails nut I'X-
ceeding five threads for such as are of thirty threads and upwards to the inch.
Sails, the 100/. val. . . . . 30 0 0
in actual use of a British ship, and fit and necessary
for such ship, and not otherwise disposed of . . Free.
if and when otherwise disposed of, 100/. val. . 20 0
Manufactures of Linen, or of Linen mixed with
Cotton or withWool, not particularly enumerated, 100/. val. 2j 0 0
Articles of Manufactures of Linen, or of Linen mixed
with Cotton or with Wool, wholly or in part made up, not
otherwise charged with duty, 100/. val. . . . 40 0 0
It shall be lawful for the commissioners of customs to permit any stulfs or
fabrics of Silk, Ijinen cotton, or ^^■ool, or of any mixture of tbcm with any
other material, to be taken out of the warehouse to be cleaned, refreshed,
dyed, stained, or calendered, or to be bleached or printed, without pa\meut
of duty of customs, under security, nevertheless, by bond to their satisfaction,
that such goods shall be returned to the warehouse within the time that
they shall appoint. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57, § 33.
By C. O., September 19, 1S27, samples of foreign linen may lie taken out of warelioiiso
M'ithout entry or payment of duty, upon bond being given to return the same or pay tlic duty.
Jean boots and shoes. See Boots, p. 54.
Flax is a plant, whose bark, full of fibres or strings, is useful in making fine linen. The
method of making this liuea in Kgypt was wonderful, and carried to such peifoclion, that the
llu-eads which were drawn out of them were almost too small for the observation of the
sharpest eye.
Alexander Severus was the first emperor who wore a shirt : but the use of so necessary a
garment did not become common till long after him. — Ency. liritan.
Linseed, Cakes, cwt. . . . . .002
Linseed cakes are the residue after extracting the oil from the seed. They are given as food
to cattle. — Ed.
Liquorice Juice, or Succus Liquoritire, cwt.
— ■ Powder, cwt. ...
— Root, cwt. . . . . .
— Extract, or Preparation of. See Extract, p. 73.
3
1,3
0
5
10
0
3
3
4
Bv C. O., June 27, 1834, an allowance of Jib. per cwt. is to be adopted as a general allowance
for tare on Liqviorice, subject to the actual t:!re,attlie opUon of the otlicers or the merchant.
By leUcr of the Privy Council for Trade, dated 31st May, 1837, it is stated, that their lordships
having had under their consideration the question iS to the different qualities ol' liquorice
to which the several duties on " Succus Liciuoritia;," and an " Extract " or " Preptiration
ofLi(luorice," are properly applicalile, the ostensible distinction between the old and the new
commodity is, that the lirst is made up into sticks, and the second is in bulk contained in
casks ; but the essential difference is, that the sticks are a preparation of the bulk with a
commixture of several other in^'redients, w hile th.at w hich is in bulk remains in its original
slate, lioth are, in the first instance, equally juice extracted by a similarity of process from
the root; and, were it not necessary to recognise some description of juice as distinct from
" Extract," l)oth might be charged as Extract, and tlio first of the two with greater reason
us being also a preparation.
In order therefore to reconcile the two terms, there is a necessity for deciding first — that juice,
in its lirst state, is not Extract within the meaning of the table ; and next that Extract or
Preparation is something extracted or prepared from the juice, and brought by such second
process into a relined or concentrated state.
This decision will not disturb the practice under which the prepared sticks of " Succus Liquo-
ritise'' have hitherto been passed as simple juice, because tUe preparation tl:ey have under-
gone is neither a refinement nor a concentration, but indeed the reverse, being merely a
c omniixt\ire of some cheap, Ijut innocent ingredients, added only lor the purpose of incre:ia;.ij_'
the quantity for sale.
Liquorice root is long and slender, externally of a dusky reddish brown, but within ofa fine
yellow, full of juice, and of u taste sweeter than sugar; it grows wild in many parts of
88 UNITED KINGDOM— Imports.— Z»M//^.v, c^^c. [1837-8.
Liquorice Juice, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
France, Italy, Spain, and Germany. The inspissated .juice of this root is broiij^ht tons
Irom Spain, and Holland ; from tlie first of which places it obtained the name uf Sipauish
juice. — Hill.
Litharge of Gold or Silver, cwt. . . . .020
The scum of lead that arises in purifying silver with lead. Litharge is more or less white
or red, according to the metals witli which the silver is alloyed. The while is called
Litharge of Silver, the red Litharge of Gold. — Crahh.
Live Creatures illustrative of Natural History. . . Free.
Liverwort. See Lichen Islamlicus, in Moss.
Logwood, ton . . . . . .046
■ imported from B. P., ton . . . 0 3 0
The wood of this tree is brought in logs of about three feet in length to Europe, where it
"is used for dyeing purples, and for the finest blacks, and therefore it is a very valuable
commodity. It is a very valuable dyeing material. Logwood is used in miniature painting
to make a purple wash, which may be varied to a more red or blue colour by the addition
or omission of Itrazil wood, liesides its use among dyers, it is employed medicinally as
an astringent and corroborant.— ifecs.
Lupines, cwt. . . . , . .050
The seed of a plant indigenous in Europe
English gardens. — Ed.
Lutestrings. See Catlings, p. 59.
The seed of a plant indigenous in Europe and America, and produces a flower commou in
English gardens. — Ed.
M.
Macaroni, lb. . . . . . .002
A preparation of fine flower, which forms a favourite article of food among the Italians.
It is eaten in various ways, generally simply boiled, and served up with grated cheese.
Macaroni is generally made in pieces resembling a long )iipe handle, of small diameter;
sometimes, however, in other shapes, as flat, square, &c. It is a national dish of the
Italians, particularly of the Neapolitans, and is a wholesome food. Tt is made best in
the neighbourhood of Naples, whole villages living almost solely by the manufacture;
and, in Naples, it is continually sold in the streets, cooked for the lower classes, par-
ticularly for the /nzxaronf. Macaroni is well made at Aix in France, and pretty \>ell in
Germany. — Partington s Ct/clu.
Mace. See Spices.
Madder, cwt. . , . . . .020
Root, cwt. . . . . .006
By 3 and -1 Will. IV., c. ^4, § 2, Madders; and fliadder Roots, being the pro-
duction of Eiiiope, shall not be imported into the Unified Kin:;dom to be used
therein, except in British ships, or in ships ot the country of which the
goods are the produce, or in shijis of the country from which the goods are
imported.
A substance very extensively employed in dyeing is the root of the Rubia tinctorum. Tt
is cultivati'd in many of the provinces of France, in Alsace, Normandy, and Provence :
the best of European growth is that which comes from Zealand. The best roots are
about the thickness of a goose quill, or at most of the little finger ; ihey are semi-transpa-
rent, and of a reddish colour : they have a strong smell, and the bark is smooth. — Urv.
M Runge, of 15erlin, has extracted three very distinct colouring matters from madder,
which he calls crimson, red, and orange madiler. The fiist will dye cotton, steeped in
a mordant, of a deep and brilliant red. A solution of ammonia will change it into a lieau-
tiful ruse colour. The teconil dyes the same material of a deep red ; strong .aciils will
turn it yellow, and alum water into violet, 'the third produces an orange yellow, and if
the cotton be previously steeped in alum it will give a dull red. All these dyes are in
the Ibrm of a crystallized powder. — At/iencnum, A'o.483.
France now grows sufficient madder not only to supply the whole of the home dem.ind,
but to send to foreign markets, where it overcomes all competition. In 18U0 there were
only eleven manufactories of this dye in France, while at present there are more than
four times as many in the department of the Vaucluse alone. — Riport uf the Acadtmie dc
V Industrie fur Ai^ril, 1836.
Magna Grsccia Ware, 100/. val. . . . 5 0 0
The Greek colonies in the south of Italy gave the name of ]\Iagna Gra^cia to that j>art of the
country. — Cramer' s Description of Ancient Italy.
Mahogany imported from any Foreign Country, entered after
July 5, 1837, ton . .' . " . .500
(G and 7 Will. IV., c. 60.)
1837-S.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z>M<t>*, c^-(r. 89
Miihogany, conli7iuod, viz. : — £ s. d.
imported from the Bay of Honduras in a British
ship cleared out from the port of Belize, ton . . 1 10 0
■ imported from B. P., ton . , . 4 0 0
If any Muhoujany which'had been imported direct from the bay of Honduras,
in a ship cluared out frum the port of Belize, into a free warehousing^ port
in any ot the Biitish Possessions in America, anil there warehoused as havinj^
been so cleared and imported, shall be exported from the warehouse, and
imported direct into tlie United Kinj^dom, such Mahogany shall be snlject
in the United Kingdom to the same duty as it w-ould have been subject
to it it had been imported direct from the Bay of Honduras in a British ship,
cleared out from the port of Belize, provided it shall iippear in tlie proi)i r
clearance of the ship importing the same into the United Kingdom ihat
such inahoifany had been so warehoused and exported from the warehouse.
4 and 5 Will. I V., c. 89, § 12.
Mahogany deposited in warehouses of special security, when taken out for
home use, the duty shall be charged upon the quantity actually delivered.
§ 'iO.
By C. O., Sei)tembcr 12, 1825, niaIio;?,iny in bund is allowed to be cut undi-r care of projicr
officers, on condition that (lie wliolo oi' cacli fntry be c'eared at tliu same time, and tlio
Crown be put to no oxpense in conseiiueuce ol'sucli indulgence.
Malioi^any is a native of iho West Indies, and tlie country round the Bay of Ilundmas, in
America.
'J'lierc are two species besides the malioi^any tree, whicti are natives of tlie Kiist Indies.
The one a large tree, of which (he wood is of a dull red colour, and remarkably liard and
lieavy. The other is only a middle sized tree, with wood of a deep yellow colour, close
{;rain, heavy, and dm able, much rt'seinbling that of the box-tice ; but neither of these
species is in use in this counliy.
The variety called Spanish maho^'any is imported from Cuba, .Tamaiea, Hispaniola, and
some oilier of the West Indian islands, and in smaller logs than the Honduras. The
Spanish mahogany is close grained and hard, generally of n. darker colour than Honduras ;
free from black specks, and sometimes strongly figured ; and its pores appear as if chalk had
been rubbed into them.
The Honduras mahogany is impoited in logs of a larger size. Tlie grain of Ihe Honduras
kind is generally very open, and often irregidar, willi black or grey spots. 'J'he veins and
ligures are frequently very line and showy ; the best kind is that w liieli is most free from
grey specks, and of a fine golden colour. It ludds with glue better than any other wood,
— TredQuld.
Maize. See Corn, p. GG.
IManj^ancse Ore, ton , . ^ . .0100
Mangoes. See Pickles.
]\Ianna, lb. . . . . . . 0 0 3
The concrete juice of the Fraxinus ornus, a species of ash, native in Ihe south of Europe, and
especially common in Calabria and .Sicily. Several ^arieties of manna occur in commerce;
the purest, and that which ou;;ht only to be used, is called Hake manna; the others are in
smaller fragments, mixed abiindanlly willi all kinds of impurities, and often, it is said,
adulterated with sugar, honey, scammony. and other analogous articles. Fine manna is
sott, and somewhat adhesive; its te.xlure generally appears granular, but it also luesents
laseieuli if aticular crystals ; its odour is slightly disagieealjle ; its taste sweet and nau-
seous. Manna has now fallen much into disuse. — Hrande.
M. lilore, formerly chief gardener and farmer to the Pacha of Egypt, has discovered that the
manna (the Tamarix Mannifera) grows in great abundance about a day's journey from
Mount Sinai. The Arabs assured him, that wlieu this manna was purilied, it was equal to
honey. — Athcna'um,
Manuscripts, lb. . . . . ..002
Manuscript, abbreviated MS., or in the plural MSS. manuscripts, from Manuscripla, tilings
written with the liand: any thing in hand-writing, as distinguisheil from what is in print. —
Crabb.
Maps or Charts, or parts thereof, viz.:
__ Plain, each . , . . 0 0 1
■ ■ Coloured, each . . . .002
(G and 7 Will. IV., c. GO.)
See Prints.
brought by passengers. See p. 50.
90 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— D«Y/e6% cf'C, [1837-8.
Maps, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Maps art- jjlaue (ii;iires iTjirt'seiiting the surface of the caith according to the hiws of jiorsjiec-
tive ; or Ihf y are projecliuus of the surface of the glebe, ilescril)iug the several couutiies,
Vic, — Crabb.
A chart is distinguished from a map, by representing only the coasts. — Julmsim.
The Map ))refixe(l to this Journal is considered as hitj^hly cruilitable to the
present state of the arts. It is drawn by Messrs. Deau and Muuday, of
Threadneedle-street.
Marble. See Stone.
Marbles for Cbildren. See Toys.
Marcs. See Horses, p. 81.
Marmalade, produce of or imported from any foreign country, lb. 0 0 6
(G and 7 Will. IV., c. CO.)
' produce of and imported from B. P., lb. . 0 0 1
Marmalade, a confection made of the juice or pulp of some fruit, as plums, apricots, quinces
boiled with sugar to a consistence. The marmalade of quinces is the most frequent. —
Chambers.
Mastic, cwt. . . . . . .000
The Lentisck, or Mastich-tree, is a native of the Levant, particularly the island of Chios.
Mastich is most abuudanlly obtained in the island of ('hios. Transverse incisions are made
in the trunks and brauclics of the Lentisck trees, from which the mastich slowly exudes,
some dropping on the ground, which is made as smooth and hard as a pavement for the pui'-
pose of receiving it ; and some remaining fixed on the trees, and hardening so as to require,
lor its detachment, the aid of a sharp iron chisel. — Thomson.
Mats and Matting, 100/. val, . . . , 20 0 . 0
imported from B. P., 100.'. val. . . . 5 0 0
(4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89.)
Mattresses, ICO/, val. . . , . . 20 0 0
Mead or Metheglin, gal. . . . . 0 G 7
As the cup of the flower to the bee when he sips,
Is the full cup of mead to the true Briton's lips;
From the flower-cups of summer, on tield and on tree.
Our mead-cups are tilled by liie vintager bee. — Lit Gaz.
Prior to the introduction of agriculture into Britain, mead was the principal cordial beverage
of its inhabitants. In otlier northern nations, also, it was formerly in high estimation. In
the present day it is a liquor seldom heard of, and still seldomer made ; and when made,
holding a very humble rank among our imperfect vinous productions. — Bevan.
Medals of Gold or Silver .... Free.
of any other sort, 100/. val. . . .500
The French medaillc. I talian mcduglie, comes from the I.,alin metallum, metal, from the substance
of which it is made ; a piece of metal struck in the form of money, and stamped to preserve
the memory of some person or event. Medals are distinguislied into Consulai', which were
struck in the time that Eome was govcrmd by consuls ; Imperial, such as were struck from
tlie reign of J ulius Ca;sar to the year of Christ 260 ; Ancient, such as were struck b(!tween
tlie third and seventh centuries ; Modern, thiise whicl; have been struck within the last
3U0 years; Singular, sucli of which there is but one of a sort extant, — Crabb.
The medal, faithful to its charge of fame,
Tliro' climes and a^ies bears each form and name:
In one slunt vieiv subjected to our eye,
Gods, Emp'rors, Heroes, Sages, Beauties lie.
Pope's Verses, occasioned by Addison's Treatise of Medals.
Medlars, bushel . . . . , 0 10
Common fruit in England, and singular for being not good till in a perishable slate. — Kd.
You'll be rotten ere you be half ripe.
And that's the riglit virtue of the medlar. — S'lahspcarc.
Melasscs. See Sugar.
Melting Pots for Goldsmiths. See Pots.
Mercury, Prepared, 100/. val. . . . . 30 0 0
Mercury, commonly called Qiiicksilver, is found native in the pure metallic state, but the
source from whence the greatiM' pntiiou is obtained is from the sulplmret of the metal or
native cinnabar. Fluid mercury is Ijctween tin and silver white. It is collected in glo-
bules in cavities, or holes dug in the earth for the purpose. The principal mines which fur-
nish this metal are those in Ilydria, Deitx I'onts, Almadeu, and Guanca Vellica; it is not
peculiar to any one soil, being found in quartz, indurated clay, argillaceous schistus, calca-
reous spar, &c. — Juyre.
We have two sul])hurets of mercury ; the Black or Efhiops' mineral, and the Red or Cinna-
bar. The amalgamation of the noble metals, water-gilding, the making of vermilion, the
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z)M//e5, <^-c. 91
Mercury, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
silvt'ihig of Idokiiig-gliissos, tlie raakiii;; of biiromoteis anil tUcimomck'is, and tlie jiiepara-
tion of st'veial powerful medicines, are tlio principal nses to which tliis metal is uijpliecl. —
Vre.
Calcination, employed upon tpiicksilver," produces, accordinf; to Ihe dilTerent degrees of heat
by which it is ellected, sublimate, precipitate, or calomel. — Ed.
Metal, Bell Metal, cwt. . . . . .10 0
Loll metal is composed of tin and copper. — Ed.
Leaf Metal (except Leaf Gold), the packet, 250 leaves 0 0 3
Loaf metal is metal foliated or thinly beaten. — Ed.
We understand by the term Metal, a firm, heavy, and hard subsfance, opaUe, fusible by fire,
aud coucretins again when cold into a solid body, such as it was before, which is mal-
leable under the hammer, and is of a bri^'ht, glossy, and glittering substance where newly
cut or broken. Tlie metals are six in unmber: l.Gold; 2. Silver ; 3. Copper; 4. Tin ;
5. Iron; and, 6. Lead; of which gold is the heaviest, lead the secon<l in weight, then silver,
then copper, and iron is the lightest except tin : some have added mercury or quicksilver
to the number of metuls ; but as it wants malleability, the criterion of metals, it is more
properly ranked among the semi-metals. — Hill.
The metals hitherto discovered are forty-two in number, of which seven were known in the
earliest ages,— 6Va66.
Metheglin. See Mead, preceding p., 90.
Mill Boards, cwt. . . . . ' . 3 8 2
Mill boards are a very thick sort of pasteboard, used for the coTers of books, and various
otlier purposes by pressors, clothiers, printers, &c. — Ed.
Millinery. See Silks.
Minerals not otherwise enumerated, 100^. val. . , 20 0 0
■ Specimens of. See Specimens.
Fossil bodies: matter dugout of mines. All metals are minerals, but all minerals are not
metals. Minerals, in the restrained sense, are bodies that may be melted, but not mal-
leated.— Johnson.
We distinguish four classes in the mineral kingdom : the first comprehends saline or acidi-
ferous substances, which are composed of an acid united to an earth or an alkali, and
sometimes to both. The second contains the earthy substance, into the composition of
which earths alone enter, or sometimes an earth united to an alkali; in the third class are
placed all inllammable substances which are not metallic: the fourth class embraces the
metallic substances, known by their brilliancy, by their great specific gravity, and, in part,
by their ductility and malleability. — Malle Bntn.
Mirrors, Toy. See Glass, p. 77.
Mitts. See Gloves, p. 77.
Models of Cork or Wood, 100^. val. . . .500
See Sculptures.
A model is a representation in little of something made or done. A copy to be imitated: a
mould: any thing which shows or gives the shape of that which it incloses.— Jo/inson.
England ! model to thy inward greatness,
Like little body with a mighty heart. — S/ialtspearc.
Morocco, Goods the produce of. See p. 2.
See also the names of the several articles in alphaheticul order.
Morphia and its Salts, lb. , . . . 0 IG 0
(6 and 7 WiU. IV., c. GO.)
Moss, Lichen Islandicus, lb. . . . .001
The active components of Iceland moss are a bitter matter, and a peruliar modification of
mucilage. These ingredients render Iceland moss tonic and nutritive; but it apiiears to
possess no other claims upon our attention, and certainly caiiuot be admitted as having any
pretensions as a specific iu pthisis pulmonalis. — Biandc.
Rock, for Dyers' use, ton . . . .050
Rock moss grows on limestone rocks, mostly about the lialtie, and other paUs iu the north of
Europe. — Ed.
not otherwise charged, 100/. val. . . .500
Mother-of- Pearl ShelLs, 100/. val. . . . .500
Mother of-pcarl is Ihut beautiful white enamel which forms the greater part of the substance
of the oyster-shell, particularly of the pearl oyster. — yic/iulsun.
Mother-of-pearl is found chielly in the seas about the Last and West Imlies. It is used for
inlaid works, handles of knives, for toys, and various small articles,— iid.
Mules, each . . . . . .0100
The mules of South America are so sure footed, that they inspire the greatest confidence.
Their habits are the same as those of the beasts of burtlieu in Switzerland aud tlie Fyre-
nees, — Uumbuldt.
92 UNITED KINGDOM.— iMroRTs.—Dw^ms, ,^c. [1837-8.
£ s. d.
Mum. See Beer, p. 53.
Musical Instruments, 100^. val. . . . . 20 0 0
See Baggage, p. 50.
Dy C. O.. January 28, 1833, the indulgence granted by Treasury Order of Octol)cr 3, 1818, in
respect of Books and Maps the property of individuals, and brought over by passengers
from abroad, being cliarged with duty only once, is extended to musical instruments.
Musical instruments may be divided into three classes: — 1st. Instruments of percussion,
v.hether pulsatile, as a drum, or as a piano-lorte ; or pelectrated, as a guitar, or a harp, or
a harpsichord, &;c. 2nd. Instruments of inflation, such as the organ, trumpet, flute, &c.
3rd. Instruments of collision, such as the violin and the celestina. — Nicholson.
Musk, oz. . . . . . .006
A peculiar concrete substance, the produce! of the Moschus moschiferus, or musk deer. This
animal inhabits the nioimtains of Eastern Asia, especially the Ilymalayan chain. Behind
the navel is a bag which, in the adult animal, is filled with m\isk. These bags are im-
ported from China, and, in inferior perfection, from Bengal and Russia. They are covered
with coarse hair, and are about the size of a large i)igoon's egg. Musk, originally a viscid
fluid, concretes on drying into a brown friable solid, the strong, peculiar, and highly difl'us-
able odour of which is well known. — Brande.
Mutton prohibited to be imported for home use on pain of forfeiture, but
may be warehoused for exportation only. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52,
§ 58, 59, GO.
Myrrh, cwt. . . . . . .000
In commerce, even at I'aris, there are two very distinct species of myrvh : tlie True or ancient,
and the False, or model n. Of eighteen specimens which were preseiilrd fur teal myrrh,
sixteen only evolved a red colour by nitric acid. — Brande s Journal of Science.
It is chiefly imjiorled from Turkey, in the form of irregular tears and their fragments, of a
reddish lirown colour, more or less translucent, a fragrant aromatic odour, and a warm
pungent taste. It is sometimes largely rai.\od \>ilh otlicr gummy resinous substances, —
Brande.
N.
Natron. See Alkali, p. 46.
Needlework. See Embroidery, p. 73.
Net, Silli. See Silk.
Nets, viz. Old Fishing Nets, fit only for making Paper or Pasteboard.
See Rags.
Newspapers.
By T. O., April 9, 1829, foreign newspapers, as regular consignments, whetlior bound or
unbound, and foreign newspapers brought in the baggage of passengers, if bound, are to
be charged with duty as nonenuraerated manufactured articles; but foreign newspapers
brought in tlie baggage of passengers, unbound, are to be admitted to entry without pay-
ment of duty.
[See now the new law witli regard to foreign newspapers. Part 6.]
Nicaragua Wood, ton . . . . .050
This wood takes its name from Nicaragua, a province of South America, where it is pro-
duced. It is used for dyeing, and is of a bright-red colour. — Ed.
Nickel, viz. Arsenate of Nickel, in lumps or powder, being
in an unrefined state, 100/. val. . . .500
■ Metallic, refined, and Oxide of Nickel, 100/. val. . 20 0 0
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 60.)
Nitre, Cubic Nitre, cwt. . . . . . 0 6
The common name of the nitrate of potash. The nitrate of potash is the salt well known by
the name of Nitre or Saltiietre. It is found ready formed in the Ivist Indies, in Spain, in
the kingdom of Naples, and elsewhere, in considerable quantities ; but the nitrate of lime is
still more abundant. For tlie greater part of the nitrate made use of is produced by a com-
bination of circumstances whicli tend to compose and condense nitric acid. — Ure.
Nutmegs, lb. . . , . . .036
produce of, and imported from B. p.. lb. . 0 2 6
imported from any B. P. within the limits of the
East India Company's charter, lb. . . .026
The nulnii'g, like trees most excellent, is not very lofty in height, scarce rising so high as the
cherry ; by some it is resembled to the peach, but varies in form of leaf and grain, and afl'ects
more compass. Of the nutmeg there arc iu the Indian islands at least eight kinds, which
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— 7)«//w, ^>^. 93
Nutmegs, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
ai>]H-ar onls- to bo varilii'8, though generally permanptit oiips, Tlie shajio is of little eoiise-
(|ueiiec. U'ell llavoured milmegs are foiiml in New (iiiiiiea, in Cerani, (Jilolo, Turrmti, and
all tlie eircumjacent islands, as well as in Aniboyna, Uorneo, &c. The Dutch havi- endca-
vouied, pretty successfully, to extirpate them in these their native country, and to cunline
them to three of tlie Utile cluster of the llauda isles, viz.. I'ulo Ay, H:inda,and Nera. Nut-
nie(,'3, in commerce, are ilivided into two sorts. The first ami most valuable arc those
which are rei;ulaily phicked from the trees as they ripen ; and the second, or infeiior,
consist of such as fall lr(mi the tree, and from the delicacy of the fruit, sustain injury
by lying for any time on the' moist earth. The first are alwa\s sent to the superior markets
of IC'urope, the last preserved for the Imiia market.— C)-a»/Kid.
Nuts, Cashew Nuls and Kernels, cwt. . . • 0 JO 0
Castor Nuts or Seed, ton . . . .010
The seed or nut from which castor oil is e.^ctracted. — Ed.
(G and 7 Will. IV., c. CO.)
Chestnuts, bushel , . . . .020
The triangular seeds of the juvia are sold in Portugal and England under the vague name of
chestnuts (caslanas) or nuts of lirazil and the Amazon; and it was long believed, that,
like the fruit of the pckea, they grew on separate stalks. Tliey have furnished an article
of a toleraldy brisk trade for a century past to the inhabitants of lirand Para, by whom
they are sent either ilirectly to Europe, or to Cayenne, where they are called Tonka. This
tree abounds in the forests in the neighbourhood of Macapa, at the mouth of the Amazon;
it there bears the name of Capucaya.■-Hwm';oW^
Coker or Coco Nuts, the produce of B. P., 1200 nuts . 0 10
The coco-nut tree is very generally dispersed within the Tropics and the South Sea Islands,
flourishing on the sea-shores; the nuts are carried by winds and currents, and are soon
found vegetating on the numerous islands that are continually forming from accumulated
coraL Tlie unripe nut is full of a pulp generally eaten in the \\est Indies. — Ency. Metrop,
Ground Nuts imported from Africa, by T. L., July 16,
1835, to be admitted to entry as Seed for crushing, qr. . 0 10
Pistachio Nuts, cwt. . . . . 0 10 0
The Pistachio tree grows naturally in Arabia, Persia, and Syria, whence the nuts are annu-
ally brought to Europe. Pist ichio nuls are moderately large, containing a kernel of a pale
greenish colour, covered with a reddish skin. They have a pleasant, sweet, unctuous taste,
resembling that of almonds ; they are reckoned among the analeptics, and are wholesome
and nutritive. — Ency. Brilan.
Small Nuts, bushel . . . . .020
AValnuts, bushel . . . . .020
The species are, l.The common walnut; 2. The large French walnut; 3. The thin-shelled
walnut; 4. The double walnut: 5. The late-ripe walnut; 6. The hard-shelled walnut ; 7- 'ri'"
Virginian black walnut; S.Virginian black walnut, with a. long furrowed fruit; i). The
hickery, or white Virginian walnut ; 10. The small liickerv, or white Virginian walnut. —
Miller.
Walnuts form rather a considerable branch of foreign trade. — Ed.
Nuts not otherwise enumerated, 100^. val. . . -20 0 0
Nux Vomica, lb. . . . . .026
The taste of this kernel is extremely bitter : it has little or no smell: and is so hard, that it
cannot be reduced into powder by beating. This nut is a very powerful narcotic, inducing
■even death by its sedative power, as, on dissection, no marks of iuflamniatiou, or local affec-
tion, are to be discovered in the stomach. — Ency. Britan.
Extractor Preparation of. See Extract, p. 73.
By 4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89, & 5, no abatement of the duties shall be made on
account of any damage received by nux vomica.
o.
Oakum, cwt. . . . . . .001
Old ropes untwisted and pulled out again into loose hemp, to bo used in tlio caulking of
ships. — CraUb.
Oatmeal. See Corn, p. 66.
Ochre, cwt. . . , . . .010
The earths distinguished by tlie name of ochres are those which have rough or naturally
dusty surfaces, are but slightly coherent in their texture, and are composed of tine and soft
argillaceous particles, and are readily dilVusible in water. They are of various colours,
such as red, yellow, blue, green, black. The yellow sort are called ochres of iron, and the
blue ochres of copper, — Hill.
0
4
0
0
14
0
0
4
0
0
4
0
0
4
0
0
4
0
94 UNITED KINGD0M.~lMP0RTs.—Dw//e5, t^^^. [3 837-8.
£ s. d.
Oil, of Almonds, lb. . . . . . 0 0 10
Almonds consist cliii'dy of an oil of the nature of fat oils, toiiGthcv witli faiinaceous matter.
The oil is so plentit'ul and so loosely combined or mixed witli the other principles, that
it Is obtained by simple pressure. — Vre.
Animal Oil, cwt. . . . . .026
ofBays.lb. . . . . . .003
Oil of Bays is an essential oil, obtained from the berries of the bay. The berries and leaves,
as well as the oil, are used medicinally. — C/iamlers.
Castor, cwt. . . . • . .013
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 60.)
imported from B. P., lb. . . . .003
produce of, and imported from B. P., cwt. . .020
The seeds of the Kicinus communis, and their expressed oil. This plant is a native of tlie
West India Islands and South America, and of several parts of Africa and Asia. In the
West Indies, the oil is sometimes separated by boiling tlie decorticated seeds in water : in
this case it is deeper coloured, more acrid, and more liable to become ranciil; generaliy,
also, more active as a purgative. This oil, commonly called castor oil, is a valuable ape-
rient.— Brande.
• Chemical, Essential, or Perfumed, viz. : —
Carraway, lb. .... .
Cloves, lb.
Lavender, lb. .... .
Mint, lb. .
Peppermint, lb. .
Spike, lb. .....
Cassia, Bergamot, Lemon, Otto of Roses, Thj'me,
and of all other sorts, lb, . . .014
Chemical Oils are distinguished from tlie expressed oils ; such as those of almonds, linseed,
olives, and the like, which are made by so simple a process as mere squeezing. — C/uimhers.
Cnjaput Oil, obtained by distillation from the leaves of the Malaleuca Cajaputi, a shrub
abundant in Amboyna and part of Borneo, whence the essential oil is imported. It gene-
rally has a greenish coloin'.
Oil of Carraicni/ is procured by distilling the carraway seed. It is very warm and pungent,
and of an agreeable flavour. A few drops are frequently incorporated with pill masses,
and added to powders to disguise the flavour, and to prevent flatulency. — Bd.
Oil uf Cassia is procured from the bark and buds of the Laurus cassia, growing in the Kast
Indies. — Ed.
Oil of Cinnamon is generally adulterated with alcohol or expressed oil. Eleven pounds of
cinnamon are required to procure one ounce of the oil. Cinnamon is sometimes inter-
mixed with cinnamon from which the oil has been drawn, and with cassia. The former is
detected by the weakness of its odour and taste ; and the latter by its thickness, smooth
fracture, and remarkably slimy taste. — Thomson.
Oil of Cloves is brought in bottles ; but a considerable quantity is drawn in this country. The
oil is also much adulterated ; and when it has a hot, fiery taste, and a great depth of colour,
it may be suspected. — Thomson.
Otto or Attar of Roses are the petals of the Damask Rose. These are exclusively used in the
distillation of lose water, when they afford a butyraceous oil, which is largely prepared in
warm climates, and imported, especially from the East, under the name of Otto of Ro-es.
The English oil is of a very inferior odour, and apt to become rancid ; the foreign oil is often
adulterated with oil of sandal wood, and the crystalli ne appearance of the genuine otto
imitated by the addition of spermaceti. — Brande.
In the town of Cumana a great quantity of oil of cocoas is made, which is limpid, without
smell, and very fit for burning. The trade in this oil is not less brisk than tiiat on tlie
coast of Africa for palm oil, which is obtained from the Elays Guineensis, and is used as
food. At (Juniaiia, I have often witnessed the arrival of canoes laden with 3000 cocoa
nuts. — Humboldt.
• Cocoa Nut, cwt, . . . . .013
. Fish Oil, See Train Oil, in Oil.
of Hemp Seed, tun . . . . 39 IS 0
imported from B, P., tun . . 10 0
Oil of Ilempsecd is used chiefly by painters. — Ed.
■ of Linseed, tun . . . . . 39 18 0
imported from B. P., tun . . .10 0
The oil of Linseed yields, by expression, an oil that has most of the qualities of nut oil, and
is accordingly generally tised, in lieu tliereof, in painting, and for burning. That drawn
without the assistance of fire is of much esteem in medicine, and is sujqiosed good in the
cure of catarrhs, coughs, asthmas, and other diseases in the breast, &c. — llees.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— /)w//m, <5-^. 95
0[\, cnjiiiiuiPil, viz.: — X" s. d.
Olive, tun {Ad. gal.) . . . . .440
the i)ro(luco of, or importod from any part ol" the do-
niiniuus of the Kaig of the Two Sicilies after
August 31, 1S34, Ihe'tun (8(/. gal.) . . 8 8 0
imported in a ship helonging to any of the subjects
of the King of the Two Sicilies afier August 31,
1834, the tun (lOc/. gal.) . . . 10 10 0
And whereas duties hi<^her thim in other cases are imposed upon Olive Od.
beinji; the produce of the dominions of the Kinj^ of the Two Sicilies, or bein;^
impin-ted from those dominions, and it may become exjiedient to reduce the
said duties; it is tlierel'ore enacted, that it shall be hxwful for His Majesty,
by his order in council, to reduce the said duties to any sum not being less
than the duty ])ayable upon Olive Oil, the produce of or imported from other
places: Providecl always, that during the continuance of any such distinc-
tion of duty, before any Olive Oil shall be entered as being the produce of
some jilace not within the dominiims of the King of the Two Sicilies, a
certificate shall be produced from the British Consul residing at or near the
place at which such oil was taken on board the importing ship, testifying
that proof had been made to his satisfaction that such oil was not the \no-
duce of iuiy place within those dominions. 4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89, ^ 10.
By 3 and 4\VilI. IV., c. 54, ^ 2, olive oil, being the produce of Kurope, shall not
be imported into the United Kingdom to be itsed (herein, except in British
ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce, or in
ships of the country from which the goods are imported.
By C. O., Sept. 1, 1834, the olTicers of customs arc to pay par!ii;ular attention to the produc-
tion of sucli certilicates, and no oil is to bo admitted into tliis kingdom witliout llieni.
15 y O. C July 23, 1828, the ullowanees on jars uf olive oil imported, in all eases where it
may not be found necessary to resort to actvial taring, are to be ono-seveulh for foot, and
one-third for tare each jar.
Few articles difTor more in quality thiin olive oil; not that the ditTercnt kinds are produced
from dilTeront fruit, but in the different stages of the pressure of the olives. Thus, by
means of gentle pressure, the best or virj/in oil Hows lirst ; a second, and afterwards a third,
quality of oil is ol)tained by moistening the residuum, breakin;; the kernels, &c., and
increasing the pressure. When the fniil is not sufficiently ripe tlie recent oil has a bit-
terish taste; and when too ripe it is fatty. After the oil lias been drawn it deposits a white,
fibrous, and albuminous matter; but when tliis deposition has taken place, if it be put into
clean flasks it undergoes no further alteration. The common oil cannot, however, be pre-
served in flasks above a year and a half or two years. The consumption of olive oil as Ibod
is not surprising if we remember that it is the lightest and most delicate of all the fixed
oils. — Mirror.
Sweet oil, it cannot be too generally known, is the best application to the bites of venomous
reptiles — ii'd.
Palm, cwt. . . . . .013
This species of palm is a native of Hrazil, and is found in abundance near the mines of Yba-
qupuses. It is a lofty tree, with a rough bark, and the foliage forming a very dense shade.
The nut has a cartilaginous skin and a fibrous pulp; and contains a cartihiginous hard
kernel, having nearly the same taste as that of the common cocoa-nut. This kernel yields
the oil. — Thomson.
Palm oil is produced in immense quantities about F.bue, and the .average price of it at that
place is about il. per tun. — Travels in Africa by Laird and Oldjield.
Palm oil is produced in immense quantities about liboe, and is collected in small gourds, each
capable of containing from two to four gallons, from which it is emptied into trade pun-
cheons. .Some of these, belonging to vessels in the Bonny, I saw in canoes at Kboe ; but
generally, the gourds are taken in large canoes to a market-pl.ace on the Bonny bianch of
the Niger; which branch being dry in the dry season, the Eboe oil then finds its way through
tlie Brass creek to the Bonnv. — Narrative of an Expedition into the Interior of the River
Niger in 1832-4. JJ;/ Laird and Oldjieid.
of Paran, tun . . . . .880
of Rape Seed, tun . . . . . .39 18 0
imported from B. P., tun . . . 10 0
Oil of Rapeseed is \i3cd mostly by clotliiers, and is obtained merely bv expression of tlie
seed. — J£d.
— — Rock Oil, lb. . . . . .0010
Petrol, oil of pel re, or rock oil, an oleaginous juice, issuing out of the clefts of rocks, and found
floating on the waters of certain springs. Beside artificial and vegc^tablo oils, i. c. those
drawn from plants, &c. by expression, there are .also natural and niineval oils issuing of
themselves from the entrails of the earth, called by a common name- pclroU cir petroloa.
The more fluid petrolea, says Dr. Lewis, have been distinguished liy the name of naplitlui;
and the thicker by those of pissasphaltura and pisselieum.— CVmmto-s.
39 IS
0
1 0
0
0 0
2
96 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z)/<//^.9,.j'C. [1S37-8.
Oil, continued, viz. : — £ s. d,
Seal Oil. See Train Oil, in Oil.
■ • Seed Oil not otherwise enumerated, tun
imported from B. P., tun .
Seed Cakes, cwt. ....
Most of the seeds of the umbelliferous plants, wli'cli usually pass for aromatics of the first ami
most eminent kind, have, iu reality, no smell at all in themselves; the oil-liladiiers wliicli
yield their virtues heins,' placed in their outer coverin;;, the kernel within Ihe seed usually
containin',' a fat oil of the olive or almond kind, and wholly different from the essential. —
Chnmler.s.
of Spermaceti. See Train Oil, in Oil.
■ Train Oil, Blubber, Spermaceti Oil, and Head-mat-
ter, viz : — •
the produce of fish or creatures living in the sea,
taken and caught by the crews of British ships, and
imported direct from the fishery, or from any British
possession in a British ship, tim . . .010
the produce of fish or creatures living in the sea, of
foreign fishing, tun . . . . 20 12 0
By B. O., Aug. 12, 1825, lish oil and blubber are to he computed as 126 gals, the pipe, and
63 gals, the hlid.
By 3 and 4 W. IV ,c. 52, & 45, before any bUibber, train oil, spermaceti oik bead
matter, or whale fins shall be entered as beui<^ the produce of tish or crea-
tures living in the sea, taken and caught wholly by His Majesty's subjects
usually residing in some ]iart of His Majesty's dominions, and imported
from some British possession, the master of the ship importing tliesime
shall deliver to tbe collector or comptroller a certificate under the hand of
the proper officer of such British possession where such goods were taken on
l)oard, (or if no such officer be residmg there, then a certificate under tbe
liandsof two princijial inhabitants at the place of shipment,) notifying that
oath bad been made before bim or them by tbe shipper of such goods, that
tbe same were tbe produce of fish or creatures living in the sea, taken wholly
by British vessels, owned and navigated according to law ; and such master
shall also make and subscribe a declaration before tbe collector or comp-
troller, that such certificate was received by bim at tbe place where such
goods were taken ou board, and that the goods so imported are the same
as mentioned therein ; and tbe importer of such goods shall also make and
subscrilie a declaration before the collector or comptroller, at tbe time of
entr)^, that, to tbe best of bis knowledge and belief, tbe same were tbe pro-
duce of fish or creatures living in the sea, taken wholly by British vessels
in manner aforesaid.
By § 46, before any blubber, train oil, spermaceti oil, bead matter, or whale
fins, imported direct from tbe fishery, shall be entered as being tbe produce
of fish or creatm-es living in tbe sea, taken and caught wholly by the crews
of ships cleared out from tbe United Kingdom, or from one of tbe islands
of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, or Man, the master of tbe ship import-
ing such goods shall make and subscribe a declaration, and the importer of
such goods (to the best of bis knowledge and belief) shall make and subscribe
a decbiraiion, that the same are the produce of fish or creatures living in
tbe sea, taken and caught wholly by tlie crew of such ship, or by the crew
of some other ship (naming the ship) cleared out from tbe United Kingdom,
or from one of the islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, or Man
(stating which).
By § 47, it shall be lawful upon the return of any ship from the Greenland
Seas or Davis's Straits to the United Kingdom with any blubber, being the
produce of whales or other creatures living in tbe sea, for the importers
thereof to cause the same to be boiled into oil at the port of importation,
imdertbe care and inspection of tbe proper officers of tbe customs ; and tbe
oil so produced shall be admitted to entry, and the duties be paid thereon,
as if imported in that state, and such oil shall not afterwards, if tbe same
come to be e.\ported, be subject to duty of exportation as a manufacture of
the United Kingdom.
]837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z)?</ie*, c^c. 97
0'i\, continued, viz.: — £ s. d.
Uliiblier denotes tlie f:it ofwlinles and otlier large sea-animals, whereof is made train-cil. It
is jiroyerly the adeps of the animal; it lies immediately under the skin, and over the nm,-
eular flesh. In the whale its thickness is ordinarily six inches; but about the under lij> it
is found two or three feet tliick. The wliole quantity yielded by one of tliese animals ordi-
narily amounls to 40 or 50, sometimes to SO cwt. or more. Its use in trade and manulac-
tures is to furnish train-oil, wliich it does by boilin<; down. Formerly tliis was perfoimed
ashore in the country where the whales were ciiufjlit; but of late the fishers do not u'o
ashore; they brinj; tlie blubber home stowed in casks, and afterwards boil it down in the
preparation of oil. — Jinci/. Britrm.
Spermaceti is found in every pirt of the body, mixed with the common fat of the animal ; but
to tliis it bears a small pro))ortiL'U. The two kinds of fat in tlie head are contained in cells
or in cellular membrane, similar to what takes place in otlier animals; but, besides these,
there are larger cells, or li^'anientous parts goin;; across ; the better to supi)ort the vast
load of oil of which the bulk of the head is principally composed. There are two places in
the head in which this oil lies. The numerous useful purposes to which the common oil of
the whale and the spermaieti are applied, the latter sometimes in medicine, and bi>th in
many of tin.- arts and in domestic economy, are too well known to be particularly pointed
out. — Ency. Britan.
Cod Oil is, from universal experience, the only fish oil which will answer all the purposes of
the currier; and it is reckoned by many of them almost indispensable. — Davidson in Brew-
ster's Edinburgh Journal of Scicnee.
Walnut Oil, lb. . . . . .006
AVhale Oil. See Train Oil, in Oil.
not particularly enumerated, nor otherwise charged with
duty, 100/. val. , . . . . JO 0 0
By T. L., Feb. 10, 18;J4, authority is ^iven to continue the permission for the admission of oil,
the produce of the Hritish Colonies, from Guernsey and Jersey, granted bv the order of
March 2, 1826.
The following is the mode adopted by the officers of customs in reduc-
ing the tceig/t( ot: oil into measure:
cwt. qr. lb.
100 2 23
94, viz. 1121b., deducting 18 per cent.
9400
6G allowed for 2 qr. 23 lb.
Divide bv numberl ,.x„ ,„_
01 lb. in gal. . J ^
Or 4 tuns, 0 qr. 43} gal.
Tea Oil. — A species of fixed oil. familiarly used in China for the same economical purpo-i.'S
for which olive oil is employed in Kurupc, has been ascertained by recent lra\elleisiu
(!;hiiia to be produced in all probability by the tea-plant, or another species of the same
natural familv. It either is, or may be, obtained from the seeds of various species of the
two genera T'/iea and Camellia. It has been hitherto alniost unknown in Lurope. It is
when fresh quite free of smell, of a pale yellow tint, without any sediment when lou!^ kejii.
It resists a cold of -10° K., but at 39^ becomes like an emulsion. Its clensity is 927. ^^ '"♦
in«oluble in alcohol, sparingly soluble in ether. It burns with a remarkably clear white
n.ime. This oil might prove an important article of commerce in the Kast, because in its
properties it is superior to cocoa-nut oil, and the various other oils pievalently used for
burning, or as oleaginous coudiments, in -Asiatic cjuntries. — Robert D. Thomson, M. D., on
Tea Oil.
Olibanum, cwt. . . . . . .000
A gum resin produced, according to the London Pliarmacojincia, by the Juuiperus lycia. Mr.
Thomson, however, on the authority of Mr. Colebrook, regards it as the exudation of tlio
Iloswellia scrrata of Roxburgh, a native of the mountains of India. The finestolibanum is
imported fnmi the Levant, in yellowish white, and nearly opaque tears or drops, having a
slight odour of turpentine, and a bitterish taste. — Brande.
Olives, gal. . . . . . .020
This fruit is in its natural slate bitter, acid, and exceedingly disagreeable ; though it< taste is
much improved when pickled, iis we receive it from abroad, particularly the smaller kind,
or Lucca olives. Those of Florence are esteemed excellent; but on account of the ;ibMn-
dance of oil they contain they are not adapted to delicate stom.ichs, and are pi^rnieioiis,
especially when eaten as a dessert, after a heavy dinner. Though pickled olives :ire grate-
ful to the stomach, and lue supposed to promote appetite and digestion, the ripe ones are
more eaten among the Greeks, forming a consiilerable part of their food, especially in Lent.
There are three kinds of olives ftequently sold, different in size and quality ; ikiiiu ly, tlioso
of Verona, those of .'fpain, and those of the south of Fi ance.— i>'ri<is/j Ci/clo.
n
98 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— D«</j>5, c^r. [1837-8.
£ s. d.
Olive Wood, the produce of, or imported from, any foreign
country, ton . . . . . . 2 10 0
(6 and 7 W. IV., c. 60.)
the produce of, and imported from, B. P., ton . 0 12 4
Olive wood is chiefly usedby cabinet-maUers on .iccount of the high pohsh of which it is sus-
ceptible.— Ed.
Onions, bushel . . . . . .030
Opium, lb. , . . . . .010
(6 and 7 W. IV., c. GO.)
extract or preparation of. See Extract, p. 73.
By 4 and 5 W. IV., c. 89, § 5, no abatement of the duties shall be made on
account of any dam.age received by Oiiium.
Opium is the concrete juice of the white po|ipy. The white poppy' is probably an original
native of Asia, though by no means an uncommon indigenous plant in various parts of
Europe. Opium is chiefly prepared in Turkey, Persiii, and India; but the plant is also
abundantly cultivated in France and the Soutli of Europe, on account of its seeds, from
which a useful bland oil is procured by expression. — Brande.
On examination there appear to be three kinds of opium. 1st, the Company's, which has a
black skin; it is called Wootoo, and comes from Bengal ; the second has a white skin, and
is brought from Bombay ; and the third, with a red skin, is from Madras. ("Turkey.) All
these places belong to England. — Repmt of Hew-nae-tsze, Vice President of the Sacrificial
Court in Peking, to the Emperor of China, 1836.
Orange Flower Water, lb. . . . .001
(6 and 7 W. IV., c. 60.)
Orange flowersare justly esteemed one of the finest perfumes ; and though little used in medi-
cine, yet the water distilled from them is accounted stomachic, coi'dial, and carminative. —
Ency. Britan.
Oranges and Lemons, viz.
the chest or box, not exceeding the capacity of 5000
cubic inches . . . . . .026
the chest or box exceeding the capacity of 3000
cubic inches, and not exceeding 7,300 cubic inches . 0 3 9
the chest or box exceeding the capacity of 7,300
cubic inches, and not exceeding 1 4,000 cubic inches . 0 7 6
• for every 1000 cubic inches exceeding the above
rate of 14,000 cubic inches
Loose, 1000 .
OR, and at the option of the Importer, 100/. val.
Peel of, lb. ... .
By 3 and 4 W. IV., c. r)4, § 2, Oranges and Lemons, being the produce of
Europe, shall not be imported into the United Kingdom, to be used therein,
except HI British ships, or in ships of the country of wliich the goods are the
produce, or in shijis of the country from which the goods are imported.
By 3 and 4 W. IV., c. 52, § 32, no abatement of duties shall be made on account
of any damage received by oranges and lemons.
CONTENT.
The London practice of ascertaining the cubical content of chests and boxes of Oranges and
Lemons is — 1st, take the internal length, allowing for the thicknessof the inside partition ;
2dly, take the breadth and depth, exclusive of the cone; lastly, take the height of cone,
deducting two-thirds.
Example.
Inches.
Inside length, exclusive of wood partition . . 33
Breadth 20 .
0
0
n
0
15
0
75
0
0
0
0
6
660
Depth, exclusive of cone
Height of cone 9 inches, subtracting two-thirds
660 X 11 = 7260 cubic inches.
The orange-tree is a native of India and Persia, but it is now abundantly propagated in the
south of Euroi)e and th iWest India islands, and is also found in o\ir green-houses.
Oranges are imported in chests and boxes separately packed in paper. — Tkomson.
The lemon-tree is a native of Assyrianind Persia, whence it was brought into Europe; first
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— DM//V.V, ^'C. 99
Oranges and Lemons, continued, tu'z. : — £ s. d.
to Greeci', ami afteiwavds to Italy. It is now cultivated in Si)ain, rortugal, anil Fiance,
anil is not uncommon iu our f;rccn-liouses. Lemons are brought packed in cliests and
boxes soparatelv rolled in paper. The Spanish lemons are most esteemed.— rAomSf/ji.
Orange-peel is anagreeable aromatic, proper to repair and strenj;tlien the stomach, and gives
a very grateful flavour to any infusions or tinctures into whose compositions it enters. It
is particularly useful in preparations of the htuk.—Ency. Britun.
Oi-chal, Orchelia, or Archclia, cwt. . . .030
Orchal, Archil, Archilla, Rucella, Orseille.— \ whitish lichen, growing upon rocks iu the
tJanary and Cape Verde islands, which yields a rich purple tincture, fugitive indeed, but
extremely beautiful. This weed is imported to us as it is gathered. — (ire.
Ore, not particularly charged, 100/. val. . . .500
of Gold or Silver. See Bullion, p. 56.
Specimens of. .See Specimens.
Ore, from the Saxon ore, and not improbably from aurum, gold .which is the most precious
of metals; a metal in a mineral state, or as it is dug out of the earth. Ores are found in
four different states; namely, 1. Native or pure, i. e. when they are purely in their mbtallic
state, whether by themselves, or in alloy with other metals. 2. In the state of an oxide, or
combined with oxygen. 3. In the state of a sulphuret, or in combination with sulphur;
and 4. In combination with acids forming salts ; besides which, all ores aie combined, more
or less, with earthy materials, from which it is the business of the metallurgist to rid them
by the various processes. When ores are tlius treated for the practical purpose of fitting
the metals for use, this is called Reduction ; but when the constituent parts of metals are
separated, in order to obtain the knowledge of their composition, this is termed Analysis,
and the knowledge thus obtained is comprehended under the name o{ Mineralogy. — Crabb.
Orpiment, cwt. . . . . . .18 6
Orpiment, auripigmentum, a yellow kind of arsenic, or more properly a mineral composed of
sulphur and arsenic, found native in the earth, and constituting one of the ores of arsenic.
It is the Arsenicum auripigmentum of Linnajus. — Crabb.
Orris or Iris Root, cwt. . . . . .0106
This species of Iris, which is found in a wild state in Carniola, the island of Rhodes, Laconia,
and other places of the south of Europe, is cultivated in our gardens; flowering in May and
June. The roots of the Florentine iris are brought in a dry state from Leghorn, packed in
large casks. The best pieces break with a rough but not fibrous fracture. — Thomson.
Orsedew, lb, . . . . . .006
Orsedew is also called Dutch-gold, and Dutch-metal, an inferior sort of gold leaf in appear-
ance, conipnsedof copper and zinc, or of copper and brass. Dutch pictures, when imported,
have frequently this article on the frames in lieu of gold leaf. It has a very coppery
hue. — Ed.
Otto, or Attar, or Oil of Roses. See Oil, p. 94.
P.
Paddy. See Rice, p. 106.
Painters' Colours not particularlv charged, viz.
Unmanufactured, 100/. val. . . .300
Manufactured, 100/. val. . . . 10 0 0
The principal colours used by painters are red and white lead or ceruse ; yellow and red
ochres; several kinds of earth, umber, orpiment, lampblack, burnt ivory, black lead, cin-
nabar or vermilion, gamboge, lacca, blue and green ashes, verdigris, bistre, bice, smalt,
carmine, ultramarine. — Eucy. Britan.
Paintings. See Pictures, p- 101.
on Glass, 100/. val. . . . .500
and further for every act. nf glass . .400
Palmetto Thatch, the produce of, and imported from, B. P.
in America, cwt. ... . . .001
(4 and 5 W. IV., c. 89.)
Paper, Brown Paper made of old rope or cordage only, with-
out separating or extracting the pitch or tar therefrom,
and without any mixture of other materials therewith, lb. 0 0 3
■ Printed, Painted, or Stained Paper, or Paper Hang-
ings, or Flock Paper, square yard . . .010
By T. O., Dec. 27, 1827, the officers of customs are, when required by tlie importer, to stamp
printed or stained paper, to denote payment of duty.
Waste Paper, or Paper of any other sort not parti-
cularly enumerated, nor otherwise charged with duty, lb. 0 0 9
II 2
100 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— I»w//<?5,<f'c. [1837-8.
Paper, contmiied, viz. : — £ s. d.
Paper is now made of linen rajs, and is of different kinds, namely: as to their colour, white,
brown, blue, &c.; as to their quality, fine, second, bastard, superfine, hot-pressed, yellow
wove, &c.; as to their use, writing, printin^j, drawing, eap, cavtrid5;e, copy, ehancery, )-ost-
paper, &c. : as to their dimensions, pot, foolscap, crown, demy, medium, royal, super royal,
imperial, elephant, atlas, &c. To tliese may be added, printed paper, to hang rooms with ;
stamped paper, to wrile deeds, &c. on : ruled paper, for account books ; blotting pipi^r,
which is not sized, and in wliicli the ink readily sinks ; teint or demi teint paper, a paper
for desii-ning on ; bistard paper, white paper washed over with a sponge dipped in scot-
water, whicii is used to save the labour of the cr.ayon; marble paper, which is painted with
various colours, and used in book-binding. — Crabb.
Parchment, doz. sheets . . . . .0100
I'archment is the skin of a sheep dressed and made fit to write upon. It was called Perga-
meuum, from Pergamus, wliose kings liad the honour of the invention. All the ancient
manuscripts are either npin parchment or vellum, which is calf-skin, and a great deal finer
than tlie common parchment. — RuUin's Ancient Histnry.
The manufacture of parchment is begun by the skinner, and finished by the p.-vrchment
maker. What is called vellum is only parchment made of the skins of aborlives, or at
least Slicking calves. This has a mucli finer grain, and is wliiter and smoother than parcli-
ment; but it is prepared in the same manner, except its not being passed through the lime
pit. — Ency. Britan.
Pasteboards, cwt. . . . . . .382
Pasteboard is a kind of thick paper formed of several sheets pasted one upon the other, which
is used by bookbinders for the covers of books, &c.— Crnhb.
Patterns. — By T. O., Feb. and April, 1819, and Aug. 183."), patterns and samples of foreign
manufactures, useful only as such, dutyfree.
Pea, Indian. Sec Seed.
Pearl Barley, cwt. . . . . .0170
Common bailey is converted into pearl-barley by a machiu3 so constructed as to grind off
the cuticle, and afterwards round the grain. Its decoction, or what is generally called
barley-water, contains littlo else than starch. — Brande.
Pearls, lOOZ. val. . . . . .500
By O. C, September 19, 1836. all beads the substance of which is glass, whether it be coloured
or not; or even although tlieir .ippearancu may be affected by the addition of wax or other
material, are to pay duty, the lb. Is. See p. 52.
The pearl shells in Norway, and elsewhere, breed in fresh water. Their shells resemble
those commonly called muscles, but they are larger. The fish in them looks like an oyster,
audit proiluces a great cluster of eggs like those of craw-fish, some white, some blac'r,
which latter become white, the outer black coat being taken off. These eggs are cast out
when ripe, and thru grow, becoming like those that cast them. But sometimes it happens
that one or twonfihose ecgs stick fast to the sides of the matrix, and are not voided with
the rest. These are fed by the oyster against its will, and they grow, according to the length
of time, into pearls of dilToreiit sizes, ,vnd imprint a mark both in thehsh and the ahell. —
Brewster's Edbdnrgh Journal ofSi-ienre.
Why should I tell of the diamond's blaze?
Wliy should I sing of the sappliirc's rays ?
Ye are purer, and fairer, and dearer to me —
Gems of tlie ocean, pearls of tlie sea! — Lit. Gax,
Pears, bushel . , . , .
■ ■ Dried, bushel . * . .
Pelts. See Skins.
Pencils, 100^. val. ....
of Slate, 100/. val.
The pencil is an iustrnment used by painters for laying on their colours. Pencils are of
various kinds, and made of various materials ; the largest sorts are made of boars' bristles,
the thick ends of which are bound to a stick, bigger or less, according to the use they are
designed for; these, whei large, are called lirushes. The finer so.ts of ])encils are made
of camel's, badgers', and scpiirrels' hair, and of the down of swans ; these are tied at tha
uppi'r end with a ])iece of strong thread, and enclosed in tlie barrel of a quill. All good
pencils, on being drawn between the lips, come to a fine point.
Pencil is also an iusirument used in drawing, writing, Sec. made of long pieces of black lead
or red chalk, placed in a groove cut in a s.ip of cedar ; on whicli other pieces of cedar being
glued tl'.o whole is planed round, and ono of the ends being cut to a point it is fit for use. —
Ency. Britan.
Pens, 100/. val. . . . . . . 30 0 0
pen, a little instrument, usually formed of a quill, serving tJ write withal. Pens are aUo
sometimes made of silver, brass, or iron. Dutch pens are made of quills that have jiassed
through hot allies to take off the grosser fat and moisture, and render them more trans-
parent. Fountain pen is a pen of silver, brass, &c., contiived to contain a consideral)le
(juautity of ink, unit let it flow out by gentle degress, so as to iupply the writer a long time
0
7
G
0
2
0
30
0
0
20
0
0
183r-S.] VNITED KINGDOM.— I^voms.—Daiies, 4-c. 101
Vens, continued, viz.: — £ s. d.
viihmit Ixnng umler the necessity of taking fresh ink. There nrc, it is wi-11 known, komo
iiisliiimenls used by practical miitliematicians wliich are called pens, and wliich are dJH-
tinguished according to the use to wliich thev are principally applied.— i'nry. Dritan.
Sec Quills, p. 105.
Pepper. See Spices.
Perlumery, not otherwise charged, 100/'. val. . . 20 0 0
Perry, tim . . . . . . . 22 13 8
A ]>loasant and wholesome liipior extracted from pears, in the same manner as cider is from
apples. — Emy. BriUiii.
Pewter, Manufactures of, not otherwise enumerated, 100/.
vul. . . . . . . . 20 0 0
01(1. See Copper, p. G-l.
Pewter, a faclilious metal used in maUing domestic utensils, as plates, dishes, &o. The
basis of the metal is tin, united to small portions of lead, zinc, bismuth and antimony.—
Ency. Britan.
Pickles of all sorts not otherwise enumerated, including the
vinegar, gal. . . . . . .GIG
Pickles are well known. Tliey are brought from various parts of Europe. Tliose from the
East and West Indies are in high repute. — Ed.
Pictures, each . . . . . .010
and further, sq. foot . . . .010
200 sq. feet or upwards, each . . . 10 0 0
l!y T.O., .\.ug. 8, 1825, Fresco paintings are to be charged with duty as ■water-colour drawings.
]5y T. O., May 5, 1824, paintings being the work of English artists, accompunied with a
certificate in each case, attested by tlie artist, that it is the work of himself, and on proof
of the importer that the painting is the identical work alluded to in the certiticate,/rct. :■
Painting is the art of representing to the eye, by the means of figures and colours, every
object in nature that is discernible by the sight. It is distinguished, according to the sub-
jects, into landscape painting ; portrait painting ; historical or history painting; archilic-
liiral painting; battle pieces ; sea-pieces; night-pieces; painting of animals, living or
dead; painting of fruits, ice. According to llie manner of painting.it is distinguished
into painting in miniature, in water-colours, in oil, in fresco, in varnish, in distemper, &c.
— Crabb.
Prcsco Painting is a painting on fresh plaster, or on a wall laid with mortar, not yet dry;
and being used for alcoves and other buildings in the open air, obtained from the Italians
this name of fresco. — Tudd's Juhnson's DictiuiKiry.
'Tis Painting's first chief business to explore
What lovelier forms in nature's boundless store
Are best to art and ancient taste allied.
For ancieut tasto those forms has best supplied. — Mason's Fresno;/.
Pimento. See Spices.
Pink Root, the lb. . . . . .004
This is a perennial plant, a native of the w armer parts of North America ; flowering in July
and August.
Sjiigelia root has a bitter taste, which is imparted to boiling water. This root is purgative and
anthelmintic. — Thomson,
Pitch, CWt. .....
the produce of any B. P., cwt.
Burgundy Pitch, cwt.
• Jew's Pitch. See Bitumen Judaicum, p. 53.
P)y C. O., Nov. 2, 1797> 'are on pitch, in Archangel casks, 931b. each ; in Swedish casks, 36
lb. each ; and in American casks, 5ti lb. each.
0
0
10
0
0
9
0
8
0
A tenacious oily substance, drawn chiefly from pines and firs, and used in shipping, medicine,
and various arts ; or it is more properly tar inspissated by boiling it over a slow lire. — Ency.
Biitan.
Gi niiiue Burgundy Pitch is the produce of the Pinus abies, obtained by incision throughjthe
biirk. When genuine, it has a very peculiar odour. — Brande.
In vol. 1. of the Transactions of the Geological Society is an account of the Pitch lake of the '
island of Trinidad. It is evident that it may be converted to many useful purposes : and
it is universally used in the country whenever jiitch is recjuired. The reports of the naval
oflirers who have tried it are extremely favourable. — Edinb. Rev.
At the southern basis of Vesuvius, about a mile from shore, there is under water a spring
of petroleum. M. Gamba visited Bakou, in the vicinity of which are found those naphtha
pits, which afford to the inh.ibitants an inexhaustible article of co.nmerce.— Ouarfe/V^ Itev. _
Plantains, Dried, produce of and imported from the B. P. in
America, 100/. val. . , . . .500
3
]6
9
0
6
4
0
6
0
0
4
6
0
2
6
1
0
0
1
0
0
ur.
It
is a
102 UNITED KINGDOM— Imports.— I>?</2>,y, ^r, [1837-8.
£ s. d.
Plants, Shrubs, and Trees, alive .... Free.
In 1778 Linnaeus described about 8000 species of plants; M. UecandoUe has now increased
the list to 40 fiOO.—Rc(jister of Arts and Sciences.
Plaster of Paris, cwt. . . . . .010
Plaster of Paris, a preparation of several species of gypsum, dug near Mount Martre, a village
in the neip:hbourlioo(l of Paris, whence the name. The best sort is h:a'd, white, shining,
andmarbly; known by the name of Plaster-stone or Parget of Mount Martre. Plaster
of Paris is used as a manure in Pennsylvania. — Ency. Britan.
Plate, Battered, fit only to be re-manufactured. See Bul-
lion, p. 56.
of Gold. oz. Troy .....
of Silver Gilt. oz. Troy ....
part gilt, oz. Troy ....
ungilt, oz. Troy .....
Old, not battered up, having been in the private use
of the importer while residing abroad, and intended for
his private use in this kingdom, viz. :
Silver, oz. .....
Gold, oz. .....
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 60.)
Platina and Ore of Platina, 100?. val.
Platina is a metallic substance, the name of which has an allusion to its colour,
diminutive of Plata, and signifies'' little silver.'' — Encij. Britan.
Platting or other Manufactures to be used in or proper for
making Hats or Bonnets, viz. :
of Bast, Chip, Cane, or Horse Hair, lb. . , 10 0
of Straw, lb. . . . . . 0 17 0
Willow Squares, by C. O., Nov. 2, 1836, come under the denomination of Platting of Chip
or other manufactures, to be used in making hats or bonnets, and are to be charged, lb. \l.
The seed from which the straw for platting is grown is a small round grain of wheat, called
Grano marzuolo, or more properly Grano marzolano. It is an error to suppose that hats
are made from rye, or any other grain in Tuscany. This marzolano straw is cultivated
for the sole purpose of being made iuto hats ; and is grown chiefly in the vicinity of Florence,
and on the hills on both sides of the valley of the Arno.
Tuscan women have settled themselves in various places, such as Vienna, Petersburgh, &c.,
where they carry on the manufacture with straw grown in Tuscany. Fine plait is not
accounted good, unless very much drawn together, lor which end it is worked very wet.
After being smoked and pressed, the plait is made up into hats by women, who do nothing
else ; it is put together by the edges, not overlapped. On the operation of pressing a great
deal depends. — Edinb. Philus. Journ.
Plums, Dried or Preserved, cwt. . . .17 6
commonly called Plums and Prunelloes, cwt. . 10 0
(4 and 5 Will. IV.. c. 89.)
Dried or Preserved. — By O. C, April 13, 1836. according to the proper construction of the
table of duties, the jjarticular denomination, "plums dried or i)reserved" must overrule the
general denomination " succ.ades," with regard to every species of plum.
Pomatum, lOOA val. .
Pomegranates, 1000 .....
Peels of, cwt. ....
These plants grow naturally in Spain, Portugal, Italy, and Mauritania. There are also many
of them in the West Indies. The Kalaustia of the shops is the impalement of the flower of
the double flowering pomegranate. — Miller.
The pomegranate is found in every civiliseil country of the Archipelago, only in its cultivated
state. The oidy good pomegranates are those brought iuto upper India by tlie caravans
from eastern Persia. — Crawford.
Pork, salted (not Hams nor Bacon, which see, pp. 49 and 79),
cwt. . . , . . . . 0 12 0
Pork fresh or corned, or slightly salted, prohibited to be imported for home use
on pain of forfeiture, but may be warehoused for exportation only, 3 and 4
Will. IV., c. 52 § 58, 59. 90.
Portugal. See Part IX.
Potatoes, cwt. . , , . , .020
30 0
0
0 15
0
0 1
0
0
3
2
30
0
0
9
15
0
13
13
0
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— lMPORTs.--Z?M/ie.?, cf-c. 103
£ s. d.
Potato Flour. Bv T. L., Aug. 1834. Foreign Potato Flour
to be admitted on payment of, 100/. val. . . 20 0 0
Tlio i)otato stulk, CDnsidored as a textiU' plant, produces in Austria a cottony flax. In Sweden
sugar is extracted iVora its roots. By combustion its different parts yield a very consider-
alile quantity ol' potass. Its apples, when ripe, ferment, and yield vinegar by exposure, or
spirit by dist'illati.m. Its tubercles, made into a jmlp, arc a substitute for soap in bleacli-
ing Cooked by steam the pDtalo is one of the most wliolesome and nutritious, and at the
same time tlie most eounomical, of all vegetable aliments, liy different manipulations it
furnishes two kinds of fl(mr, a gruel, and a parenchyma, which, in times of scarcity, may be
made into bread, or applied to increase the bulk of bread made from grain ; and its starcli is
little, if at all, inferior to tlie Indian arrow-root. Such are the numerous resources which
this invaluable plant is calculated to furnish.— /rw/iFiirmo's il/a^Uiine.
Pots, Melting Puts for Goldsmiths, 100
of Stone, 1 00/. val. .....
Powder, Hair Powder, cwt. ....
perfumed, cwt. ....
Powder, not otherwise enumerated, that will serve
the same uses as Starch, cwt. . . . .9100
See Arrow Root, p. 48.
Precious Stones. See Jewels, p. 83.
Prints and Drawings, each . . . .001
Coloured, each . . . . .002
By C. O., Sept. 5, 1829, w here maps and prints are contained in and form part of a book, and
serve merely to explain or illustrate the subject of the book, they are to be deemed a part
of the work, and to be charged by weight as books : but when prints or maps are bound
or stitched together without letter-press, or when the letter-press is merely descriptive
of the prints or maps, they are to be charged with duty by tale, ;is prints or maps.
By T. O., June 2, 1S30, if'satisfactory proof be adduced that prints or maps, although im-
ported separately, do in reality form part of a work, they may be charged wiih the book
duty by weight, but in other cases they are to be charged by tale. See Pictures, p.lOl.
ByC.'O.l March IJ, 183,5, Post Entries may in future pass for any prints and maps which
"may not be included in any Prime Entries, provided the officers are satisfied that no fraud
or deception be intended.
Drawings by travellers lor private use, upon due proof, are not charged with duty.— Ed.
Certain Prtnis not to be Imported. — Every person who shall invent and desijijn,
engrave, etch, or work in mezzotinto or chairo oscuro, any historical or other
print, shall have the sole right and liberty of printing and reprinting the
same for the term of 14 years, to commence from the da)' of the first pub-
lishing tliereof, which shall be truly engr.ived with the name of the pro-
prietor on each plate, and printed on every such print : and if an}' person
whatsoever, within the time limited by this Act, shall engrave, etch, or work
as aforesaid, or in any other manner copy and sell, in the whole or in part,
or import /or sa/e, any such print or any part thereof, without the consent of
the pioprietor, then such oilender shall forfeit the plate on which such print
shall be copied, and every sheet (^being part of, or whereon such print shall
be so copied or printed), to the proprietor of Mich original print, who shall
forthwith destroy and damask the same ; and further, every such oiii^nder
shall forfeit bs. for every print which shall be found in his custody, contrary
to this Act. 8 Geo. II., c. 13, § 1.
Proviso. — It shall be lawful for any person, who shall hereafter purchase any
plates for printing from the original proprietors thereof, to print and reprmt
from the said plates, without incurring any of the penalties before men-
tioned. ^ 2.
Prints from Pictures, SfC. — Every person who shall invent or design, engrave,
etch, or work in mezzotinto or chairo oscuro shall have the benefit of the
preceding Act and this Act, under the restrictions hereinafter mentioned.
7Geo. HI., c. 38, § 1.
Every person who shall engrave, &c. any picture, drawing, model, or sculpture,
either ancient or modern, shall have the benefit of the said Act, and this Act
for the term hereinafter mentioned, in like manner as if such print had been
graved or drawn from the original design of such graver, utcher, or dralts-
man; and if any person shall import yb>- sa/e any copy of any sui;h print,
contrary to this and the said Act, every such person shall be liable to the pe-
nalties in the said Act. § 2.
Mowing Right in Proprietors. — The sole right and liberty of printing and re-
104 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— JD«h"es, (?-c. [1837-8.
Prints, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
in-inting, intended to be secured by the said Act and this Act, shall be cx-
leiuk'd ill the respective proprietors, for 28 jeais, to commence from the day
of the first publishini; of anj' of the works respectively hereinbefore and in
the former Act mentioned. § 7.
Copies of Prints. — If any person shall within the time limited by the aforesaid
Acts import /or sale any copy of any print whatsoever, which hath been, or
shall be engraved, &c. in Great Britain, without the express consent of the
proprietor thereof, then every such proprietor may, by a special action upoia
the case to be brought against the person so offending, recover such da-
mages as a jury on the trial of such action, or on the execution of a writ of
in(^uiry thereon, shall give or assess, together v/ith double costs of suit. 17
Geo. III., c. 57.
Ejtcusiini to United Kijigdom. — All the provisions of 17 Geo. 111., c. 57, and of
all the other Acts therein recited, are extended to the United Kingdom of
Great Britain and Ireland. C and 7 Will. IV., c. 59, 6 1. (Aug. 13, 1836.)
Enip-aviiig or Publishing trithout consent of Proprietor. — If any engraver,
etcher, printseller, or other person, shall within the time limited by the
aforesaid Acts, engrave, etch, or publish, any engraving or print of any de-
scription whatever, either in whole or in part, which may have been, or
Vi'hich shall hereafter be, jublished in any part of Great Britain or Ireland,
without tlie express consent of the proprietor in writing, signed by bim in
the presence of, and attested by two or more credible witnesses, then every
such proprietor shall and may by a separate action on the case, to be brought
against the person so offending in any court of law in Great Britain or Ire-
land, recover such damages as a jury on the trial of such action, or on the
execution of a writ of enquiry thereon, shall give or assess, together with
double costs of suit. § 2.
Mv.Evelyn says the art of engraving, and working off from plates of copper, did not appear till
about ilio year 1490. — Jf'alpole's Catalogue of Engravers.
T]ie invention of engr.aving on steel jilates seems likely to produce as important an effect on
the fine arts as the invention of the steam-engine has produced on manufactures. — Lit. Oaz.
Piunelloes. See Plums, p. 102.
Prunes, cwt. . . . . . .070
(4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89.)
By 3 and 4 Will- IV., c. 54, o 2, Prunes, being the produce of Europe, shall not
be imported into the United Kingdom, to be used therein, except in British
ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods arc the produce, or in
ships of the country from which the goods are imported.
]5y C. O., Dec. G, 18'28. on all future importations of prunes contained in cartoons and baskets,
tlic same being inner pucka:;es, no duty is to be demanded.
Prunes are dried plums. They are imported from the continent of Europe, chiefiy from
France, and are used in desserts, and .-ilso medicinally. They form a considerable "branch
of trallic.— i?rf.
Q.
Quassia, cwt. . . . . . . 8 17 6
Extract or Preparation of. See extract, p. 73.
This wood is imported in billets from the West Indies. It has a pure but intense bitter t.iste,
which it readily imparts to water. — lirandc.
Quicksilver, lb. . . . . . .001
, For description of (piicksilver, sec Mercury, p. 90.
Quills, Goose Quills, 1000 . . . .026
■ Swan Quills, 1000 . . . . . 0 12 0
Quills are the large feathers taken out of the end of the w ing of a goose, crow, &'c. They are
denominated from the order in whicli Uiey are ti.xed in llie wing; the second and third
quills being the best for writing, as tlu'V have the largest and roundest barrels. Crow quills
are chii fly used for drawing. — Ency. Britan.
Steel pens have greatly superseded the use of those made of quills. It is doubtful whether,
after all, any substance can be found for writing with equal to the quill. — Ed.
Quinces, 1000 . . . . . .010
'J he quince tree was originally brought from Cydon in Crete by the Greeks ; but it has l)een
found growing wild in Germany and on the rocky shores of the Danube, and is cultivated to
great perfection in England, and many other jmrls of Europe. — Tlunnson.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z)M.Ve.<r,<f-r. 105
£ s. d.
Quinine, Sulphate of, oz. . . . . .006
(C and 7 Will. IV., c. CO.)
Siilpliatea arctlie dpfinitive ('01111)01111118 of siilj)lnnicaciil wiili the salifiable bases. — Vre.
liiarmaccutical clu'iiiis-ts have loiiu endeavoured to asceitaiu the natiirp of the ai-tive princi-
ple of bark; to determine whether any distinet substance exists in it to which its virtue*
are to be ascribed. It is only very lately that the discovery has been made liy Messrs I'el-
lelier and Caventou. who have detected in Cinchonia lancifolia a peculiar substance, which
may be called Cinchonia. — ISrandc.
In \S22 this article was imported from France at the enormous price of five guineas an ounce.
—EJ.
R.
Radix, Contrayenco, lb. . . . . .002
Tim root <if l/ie Darstftiia Conlrnjcrvn. — Conlrajcn-a Root. — This root is importe<l from South
America and the West Indies, where it might safely lejiiain without any loss to medi-
cine.— Biunde.
Enulae Campuna?, cwt. , . . .0136
The roots of elecampane found in the shops arc generally obtained from trarden plants.
Elecampane mot when dry has an aromatic, yet sli^'hlly fu'tid oduur ; and when chewed,
the taste is at fust disagreeable, glutinous, and in some degree resembling that of rancid
soap; then aromatic, bitter, and hot. — Thomson.
Eringii,lb. . . . . . ,006
This root is produced here, and is occasionally used in medicine and preserves. — Ed.
IpecacuanlisD, lb. . . . . .010
By 4 and 5 AVill. IV., c. B'J, ^ 5, no ahatcmcnt of the duties shall be made
on account of any damage received hj' ipecacuanha.
Uadix Ipecacuanha! is the produce of South America. Several varieties of it are occasion-
ally met with, but that which is preferred is imiorted in bales from Kio Janeiro; it is in
shoit wrinkled pieces, covered with a srey-brown epidermis, and having a central woody
fibre, surrounded by a pale grey cortical part, which breaks short and resinous, and iu
which its virtues reside; the larger, therefore, its relative proportion, the belter.— .Srnnrfe.
■ Rhatanioo, lb. .... . 01
Extractor Preparation of. See Extract, p. 73,
This plant is a native of Peru. Ratanhy Boot is collected for niedieiual purposes after the
rains. As imported, it consists of pieces of various sizes; b>it seldom exceediiig half an
inch in thickness. The root breaks short, exhibiting in the fracture a woody centre, and
au easily separable, fibrous, dark-red bark.— T/ioinson.
Senekse, lb. . . . . .002
This plant is a North .\merican perennial. The root is pale brown an<l wrinkled, and its
virtues reside in the exterior cortical portion. — Brandc.
Serpentarifo, or Snake Root, lb. . . .002
This plant is a native of North America, from Pennsylvania to I'loriiKa. Dried Serpeutaria
root is imponeil into this country in bales, each containing from two to five huiulreil
weight. It is frequertly mixed with the roots of Collinsonia pra-eox. The dried root has
an aromatic odour, not unlike tliat of valerian. — Tlwmson.
Rags, Old Rags, Old Ropes or Junk, or Old Fishing Nets,
fit only for making paper or pasteboard, ton , . 0 5 0
Old Woollen Rags, ton . . . .010
(G and 7 Will. IV., c. GO.)
An extensive manufacture is carried on in this neighbourhood, by which old rags are made
into new cloth ; and to so great an extent does this manufacture prevail, that at least live
million pounds' weight of woollen rags are yearly imported, from (jermany and other parts,
for this purpose. Tlie rags are subjected to a machine, which tears them to pieces, and
reduces tliem nearly to their primitive state of wool; and they are then, with a small ail-
mixtnre of new wool, again carded, slubbed, spun, and woven; and they make a clotli not
very strong, but answering very well for paddings, and other piirpot^es of that nature. —
Cvrrespuiident at Leeds.
Raisins, cwt. . . . . . . 0 15 0
produce of, and imported from B. P., cwt. . . . 0 7 6
(4 and .) Will. IV., c, 89. 6 and 7 Will. IV., c. GO.)
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, § 2, raisins, being the produce of Euro;ie, shall not
be imported into the United Kingdom, to be used tha-eui. exce^it in British
106 UNITED KINGDOM— Imports.— Z)w^/e.<r, <f-c, [1837-8.
Raisins, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce, or in
ships of the country from which the goods are imported.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, ^ .32, no abatement of duties shall be made on ac-
count of any damage received by raisins.
By 4 and 5 Will.IV.,c. 89, Raisins deposited in warehouses oi special security,
when taken out for home use, the duty shall be charged upon the quan-
tity actually delivered.
Ky C. O., Nov. 27. 1821, it is st.Tte<l, tliat merchants are entitled to iitare of 4 lb. for each luilf
box of sun raisins inipoited; and that it is the practice in London in drawing average tares
to give the meichants a whole numb r when the fraction is half or more, but ill cases in
whicli it does not amount to a half, then to throw it oif in favour of the crown.
T)i:it it is not the practice in London to mark boxes of r.aisins or other articles in small packages,
of which mure than one is weighed at a draft, with the contents at the time of l.inding.
By T. O., 29th Nov. 1836, on the delivery for home use of Raisins deposited in warehouses of
e.rtra security, fitted up in the proper manner, an allowance is to be made for the natural
waste that may have arisen therein in such warehouses, not e.xceeding 3 percent, for the
first twelve months, on the quantities ascertained at the time of the (irst entry and landing
tile same ; and for any term, exceeding twelve mouths, an allowance not exceeding 4 per
cent.
Raisins are made from the varieties named the Rlaek Raisin Grape, and the White Raisin
Grape. They are cured in two methods; either by cutting the stalk of the bunches half
through, when the grapes are nearly ripe, and leaving them suspended on the vine till
their watery part be evaporated, and the sun dries and candies tbera ; or by gathering the
grapes, when they are fully lipe, and dipping them in a ley made of the ashes of the burnt
tendrils ; after wtiich they are e.xposed to the sun to dry. Those cured in the first method
are most esteemed. — Thomson.
Rape Cakes, cwt. 0 0 2
Rape Cakes are cakes made of rape seed, after extracting the oil therefrom. They are used
for feeding cattle, and form a good manure. — Ed.
Rape of Grapes, ton . . . . . . . 13 6 0
Rape of Grapes are the vine stalks, and also the stems of the cluster dried. They are used
in making vinegar. — Ed.
Ratafia. See Spirits.
Red Wood, or Guinea Wood, ton . . . . . 0 5 0
Red or Guinea Wood is imported from the coasts of Guinea, and is used chiefly in dyeing.
—Ed.
Rhatany Root. See Radix Rhatanise, p. 105.
Rhubarb, lb. . . 0 10
By 4 and ,5 Will. IV., c. 89, § 5, no abatement of the duties shall be made on
account of any damage received by rhubarb.
This plant is a native of China and Tartary; the exact species of rheum, with the root of
which we are supplied by the Chinese, seems not accurately ascertained. The varieties of
Rhubarb, known in commerce under the names of Russian, Turkey, and Indian Rhubarb,
are all derived from one source; the finest and most perfect pieces being sold under the
name of Russian and Turkey Rhubarb, and the inferior ones as East Indian. In selecting
rhubarb for the Russian market, the utmost attention is paid to its soundness; and a
variety of curious precautious are ado)ited by that government to prevent the importation
of any inferior kinds. The best rhubarb is in pieces of various sizes, each of which, gene-
rally, has a hole bored through it. When cut or bioken, it exhibits a mottled texture, and
alternate streaks of red and grey. Its odour is peculiar, its taste nauseous, bitter, and
.astringent. — Brande.
Ribands. See Silk.
Rice, not being Rough and in the husk, cwt.
Rough and in the husk, or paddy, bushel
■ the produce of and imported from any B. P., viz. : —
not being Rough and in the husk, cwt.
Rough and in the husk, or paddy, qr.
(5 and 6 Will. IV., c. Gfi.)
■ Rough and in the husk, imported from the west coast
of Africa, quarter . . . .■ . .001
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 60.)
DrawJ)ack. — By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. h&, ^ 6, upon tlie exportation from the
United Kingdom of any foreign rice or paddy which shall have been cleaned
0
15
0
0
2
6
0
1
0
0
0
1
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM,— Imports.— Z)?<2:ze.t, cj-c. 107
'Rice, continued, t'iz. : ~ £ s. d.
therein, and which shall have paid the duties payable on the importation
thereof under this act, there shall be allowed and ]iaid for every hundreil
weif^ht thereof a drawback equal in amount to the dutj' paid on every foi;r
bushels of the rough rice or paddy from which the same shall luive been
cleaned.
By § 7, such drawback upon rice so exported shall be paid and allowed only
upon such clean rice as shall be deposited for the purpose of exportaiimi
within one calendar month from the day on which the duty thereon had
been paid, in some warehouse (in which tlie rice may be warehoused on im-
portation without payment of duty), and shall there remain secured untd
duly shipped to bj exported from such warehouse : Provided that the ex-
porter of such rice shall make oath before the collector or comptroller that
the rice so warehoused for exportation was cleaned from the rough rice or
paddy upon which the duties had been so ]iaid.
Cleaning. — It sball be lawful for the commissioners of customs, under secu-
rity by bond to their satisfaction, to permit any rice, the product of places
within the limits of the East India Company's charter, to be delivered out
of warehouse to be cleaned, making such allowance for waste as to the
commissioners shall appear to be reasonable. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57, ^3.5.
This pl.-xnt is greatly cultivated iu most of the eastern countries, wliere it is the chief support
of the inhabitants, and great quantities of it are brought into England and other European
couutiies every year, where.it is much esteemed for puddings, &c. — Ency. Britan.
With trifling corruptions, rice, in its two forms ofhusl<e(l and unhusked, are known by the
same terms (Padi, Bras) in all the variety of languages and dialects which prevail from
Madagascar to the Philippines. Tlie best places to take in large cargoes are Indramayu,
Cherition, Tagal, Pacalougan, .Taparo, Gressic, and Surabaia. The rice of the eastern dis-
tricts is generally superior to that of the west The \yorst rice is that of Indramayu, whicli
is usually discoloured. All Indian rice is classed in commercial language into the three
descriptions of Table Rice, While Rice, and Caigo Rice. Java rice is inferior in estima-
tion to that of Bengal or Carolina, in the markets of Europe. The low estimation of Java
rice is not attributable to any real inferiority in the grain, but to the mode of preparing it
lor the market. — Crawfurd.
Rocou. See Annotto, p. 48.
Root, Orris or Iris. See p. 89.
other. See Radix, p. 105.
Ropes, New. See Cordage, p. 65.
Old. See Rags, p. 105. Coir. — See Coir, p. 63.
Rosewood, ton (6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 60.) . . .600
Rosewood is produced iu the Canary Islands, the East Indies, China, Jamaica, and tlie Bra-
zils. It takes a fine polish, and has rather a fragrant smell. It is much used by the
cabinetmakers, especially for drawing-room furniture, and forms elegant and costly ar-
ticles.— Ed.
Rosin, or Colophonia, cwt. . . , .049
produce of, and imported from B. P., cwt. . . 0 3 2
Common Rosin, or Yellow Rosin, is the residue of the distillation of turpentine. It receives
different appellations according to the mode in which the process is carried on. When the
distillation is performed without addition, and continued to dryness, the residue is called
Common Rosin, or Colophony, but when agitated with about "one-eighth of fresh water
while yet fluid, it is named Yellow Rosin. — Thomson.
Rubies. See Jewels, page 83.
S.
Saccharum Saturni, lb. . . . .0010
Saccharum Saturni, or Sugar of Lead, is sometimes imported from Germany, but the ehief
supply is now obtained from the British chemist. As a styptic it is useful, but otherwise it
is liiglily dangerous. — Ed.
Safflower, cwt. . . . . . .010
Rouge is prepared from cartliamus. It is used for dyeing silk of a poppy, cherrv, rose, or
blight orange-red. — Ure.
;''ixteen species are natives of the South of Europe and Africa. — Ency. Mctrop.
This is an indigenous plant of the Indian Archipelago, and is found throughout the whole of
it. The colour which it yields is a saffron, for whicli its name indeed is the expression. —
Crawfuid.
Saffron, lb. . . . . . .010
This is a perennial bulbous plant, probably a native of Asia. Good batlron should be of a
108 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— I>w^/m, cf-c. [1837-8.
Saffron, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
very bri;;ht colour, not too moist, of a warm and slightly bitter taste, and a iicciiliar odour,
remarkably adlierinj; to the clothes. — lire.
Sago, cwt. . . . . . .010
A good Sago jilantation, or forest, is a liog, knee deep. There is but one species of this palm,
but lour varieties. .Sago is an article of exportation to Europe, to India, principally bengal,
and to China. It is iu its granulated form alone that it is ever sent abroad. The best sago
is the produce of Siak, on ihe north coast of Sumatra. This is of a light brown colour,
1 he grains large, and not easily broken. The sago of Borneo is the next in value. It is
whiter, but more friable. The" produce of the Muluccas, though greatest in quantity, is of
the smallest estimation. — Craufurd,
Sails. See Linen, page 86.
Sal Ammoniac, cwt. . . . . .010
Tlic muriate of ammonia, commonly called Sal Ammoniac, comes from Kgypt and Persia. It
is also foimd in small quantities round the volcanos of Sicily and Italy. It is likewise made
in several countries in Europe. The great desert of Sahara appears to be a basin covereil
with saline efllorescence; while the country watered by the Kiger is totally fiee from it.
Brazil, in America, is destitute of salt ; while Paraguay abounds with it. This salt is rare
iu Scandinavia, and ia the north of Russia. — Malte Brun.
Limonum, lb. . . . . .049
Sal Limonum is a prep;iration of lemon juice, and is scarcely ever imported. Calico printers
and others use it. — Ed.
Prunelle, cwt. . . . . .010
Sal Prunelle is nitrate of potash cast into flat flakes, or round balls, after fusion. It is used
in medicine, and also in curing provisions. — Hd.
Salep, or Salop, cwt. . . . . .010
Salep is the root of a species of orchis. The orchis flourishes in various parts of Europe and
Asia, and grows in our country spontaneously, and in great abundance. Salep should be
chosen clean, firm, and hard ; it is very little liable either to decay or sophistication. The
people of the East are extremely fond of Salep. Salep is said to contain the greatest quan-
tity of vegetable nourishment iu the smallest bulk. — Chambers.
Salt ....... Free.
Salt, one of the great divisions of natural bodies. Common salt, or sea salt, the name of that
salt extracted from the waters of the ocean, wliich is used in great quantities for preserving
provisions, S;c. There are few countries which do not afford vast quantities of rock or
fossil salt. Mines of it have long been discovered and wrought in England, Spain, Italy,
Germany, Hungary, Poland, and other countries of Euro])e. In several parts of the world,
there .are huge mountains which wholly consist of fossil salt. The new world is likewise
stored with treasures of this useful mineral, as well as with all other kinds of subterranean
productions. Moreover, the sea affords such vast plenty of common salt, that all mankind
might thence be supplied with quantities sufiicient for their occasions. There are also in-
numerable springs, ponds, lakes, and rivers, impregnated with common salt, from which
the inhabitants of many countries are plentifully supplied therewith. Amongst the salt
mines of chief note are those of N'orthwich in Cheshire, Altemonte in Calabria, Halle in
Tyrol, Cardona in Catalonia: also those stupendous mines at AVilieczka in Poland, and
Soowar in Upper Hungary. — Ency. Britan.
The uses of salt are numerous and important : perhaps much more so than is generally be-
lieved or understood. In the arts, manutactures, and agriculture, it liolds a distinguished
place among the most valuable articles emi)loycd. — Rensselaer.
The prime cost of Salt (supplied by merchants from Bombay^ in the district of Miilabar,
which contains a population of 900,000, is 35s. per garce ; in the district of Cauara, which
contains a population of 850,000, where it is produced by solar evaporation, it averages 22.S-.
These two districts jointly supply the Mysore country; aud the latter, in conjunction with
Goa, supplies the Mahratta country. — Currcsp'mdent, Oriental Oiub.
Saltpetre, cwt. . . . . . .006
The bulk of .Saltpetre used in this country comes f.om the East Indies, where, at certain sea-
sons of the year, they tiiid it deposited on tlie surface of the soil. It is swept off once or
twice a v.eek, ai.d as often renewed. At Apulia, near Najdes, there is, according to Parker,
a. bed containing 40 per cent, of it ; and in Switzerland the farmers extract it iu abumlanco
from the earth under the stalls of their cattle. The goodness of saltpetre is measured by
the angle at which light is refracted in passing through it. As the angle is less, the quality
is better. The infeiior sort contains common salt: it is tested .at Apothecaries' Hall, and
the several refractions denoting the quality arc marked upon the bags. — Qiiar. Juur. nf Agr
Sample.?. See under the names of the several articles, also
under Patterns, page 100.
Sanguis Draconis, cwt. . . . . .040
The astiingent juice, known iu commerce by the name of Dragon's Blood, is the produce of
several American plants, which do not belong to the same genus. At I.aguiia, tooihi.icks
steejied in llie juiw of the dragon tree are made in the nunneries, and are much extidled as
highly useful for the preservation of the gums.— i/wintc/Wf.
1B37-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— lMP0RTS.-D«//e9, c^'C. 109
.€ s. (K
Santa Maria Wood, 100/. value . . . . 20 0 0
'I'liis wood li:is rocently l)i'cn iiitroducod into this country from Ilomliiras.and is used by bli;i)-
buildi-rs— AV.
Sapun Wood, ton . . . . .010
Snpan Wood is simi'iir to Urazil wood, and is ajiplicd to the lilie piiriioses. It is pro.liiccd in
Soiitli America, Jajian.and Coiliin China. It i< cmijloycd not ouiy in bnilding. but liku-
wise in tlie nialiiny of small articles, such as cabinets, boxes, Sic—Ed.
Sarsaparilla, lb. . . . . . 0 0 G
By 4 an<l 5 Will. IV.. c. 89, (> 5, no abatement of tbe duties sball be made on
account of any damage received by sarsaparilla.
Several kinds of Sarsaiiaiilla root are occasionally imported from Sonlli America. Tliat whii-h
is preferred is in long slender vuntieri!, issuing from a common stem: it is bound up iii
bundles of various sizes, which very frecinently contain e.ttraneous substances in tlu'ir in-
terior, or fa^fjots of i-utten and decayed roots. Tliis variety is distinguished as Lisbon sarsa-
parilla; it is the produce of the Brazilian settlements of Peru and Astaranham, in South
America. — Bmnrie.
Sassafras, cwt. . . . , . .020
The wood of this tree, which is very common in most parts of North America, is yellowish
and odoriferons, of a brisk, aromatic scent, somewhat resembling,' fennel. The Lii^num Sas-
safras, and cliiefly its bark, wherein its principal virtue is supposed to reside, as it doi's, also
in the smaller twii;s more than in the larger pieces, was formerly sold at an incredible price,
to be u-ed with sarsaparilla and China-root. Choose that covered with a thick bark, red-
dish, and roufjh, of a sliarp taste, and a strone aromatic smell. — CImmhers.
Recently the sassafras tree has been discovered in yreat quantities in the island of Banca,
and cut down for commercial purposes. — Crawfurd.
Satin Shoes and Bouts, New. See Boots, page 54.
having been worn. See Baggage, page 50.
in general. See Silk.
Saunders, Rod, ton . . . . .010
White or Yellow, cwt. . . . .010
There are three diflerent woodsbrouyht under this name from the East Indies, in larsje billets,
and said to be the produce chiefly of the island of Timor, in the Indian Ocean. Tlie Yellow
Saunders is of a i)ale yellowish or brownish colour, close even grain, pleasant smell, and
bitterish, aromatic puu;;ent taste. The White Saunders is of a paler w hitish colour; and
being far weaker thiiu the other, promises little medicinal virtue, and has bi'en long ne-
glected. Tlie Red Saunders is of a dull red, almost blackish colour ou the outside, and
deep brighter red wilhin: its fibres are occasionally curled, as in knots. — Chambers.
Sausages or Puddings, lb. . . . .004
The most esteemed confection of this kind is the Bologna sausage, which is much thicker
than the common one, and is made with mucli success in some cities in Italy, particularly
Bologna, Venice, &c , whence great <iuautilies are exported to other places. — Rccs.
Scaleboards, cwt. . . • . .382
Scaleboards are very thin boards used in printing, and in the making of hat boxes. — Ed.
Scammony, lb. . . . . . .026
This is a common plant in Syria: its roots furnisli, by incision, a milky juice, which con-
cretes into the sc.innnony of commerce, a substance chiefly imported from Aleppo. It oc-
curs in \ery various states of puiity: and an extremely inferior and evidently adulterated
article is l)rou;;ht from Smyrna in cukes. Aleppo Scammony comes into tlie market iu
packages called drums, weighin;,' about lOOlb. each. A fictitious article, composed of jalap,
senna, manna, gamboge, and ivory black, is sometimes sold for scammony. The colour
of good scammony iu powder is light greenish-giey. — Biiiude.
Sculptures or Models first made in the United Kingdom,
copies of casts of, prohibited to be imported on pain of for-
feiture. 6 Geo. IV., c. 107, § 53.
Seed, Acorns, bushel . . . . .010
The nut or fruit of the oak tree. They m.ake one of the best substitutes for coffee when
scorched brown over a slow fire. In Kngland, at this lime, they are principally given to
poultry and hogs for fattening. — Ency. Mctrop.
Arami, or Aramios, lb. . . . . 0 0 fi
Amnd or Ammios Seed comes from .Mexamlria and Crete occasionally, though it is rarely
imported, and is of little use. — Ed.
Aniseed, cwt. . . . . .050
The taste of.Vnisecd is warm and sweet : it should be free from mustiness. and, when rubbed
iu the han.jis exhales its peculiar aio;na1ic odour, The small and more compact seed.
110 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z)M<«e*, c^c. [1837-8.
Seed, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
imported from Spain, is usually preferred to the lighter and larger kind, which is the
growth of this country. — Brande.
Burnet, cwt. - . . . . .10 0
Liuufeus reckons throe, and Miller four species. All these sorts are hardy perennial plants,
and will thrive in almost any soil or situation. — Chambers.
Canary, cwt. . . . . .300
Canary Seed is a well-known seed, used as food for singing birds, originally procured from
the Canary Islands. The chief, if not the only supply, is obtained from this country. — Ed.
Caraway, cwt. . . . . .110 0
The seedfi are used by the London confectioners and bakers, as well as for medicinal pur-
poses.— Thomson.
Carrot, lb. . . . . . .009
The sensible qualities of the root of the cultivated carrot are well known: it contains
chiefly mucilage and sugar. The seeds of the wild variety have an aromatic odour, and
.•I warm pungent taste: qualities depending on an essential oil, which may be separated
by distillation with water. — Thomson.
Carthamus, lb. . , . . .006
This is the seed of the safflower plant. See Safllower. — Ed.
Castor. See Nuts, pasje 93.
Cevadilla. See Sebadilla Seed, page 111.
Clover, cwt. . . . . .10 0
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, § 2, clover seed, heiiif^ the produce of Europe,
shall not be imported into the United Kingdom, lo be used therein., except
in British ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the pro-
duce, or in ships of tlie country from which the goods are imported.
Clover Seed is universally known, and is imported chiefly from France and the Nether-
lands.— Ed.
Cole, quarter . . . . .010
Cole Seed is produced from a plant of the cabbage kind. It is used in feeding rattle. The
seed yields a good oil, and the refuse makes manure. — Ed.
Coriander, cwt. . . . . .0150
This plant is an aunual, a native of Italy; but is now found wild in some parts of this
country. The dried seeds have a grateful, aromatic odour, and a moderately warm, pun-
gent taste ; qualities which depend on an essential oil, that can be obtained separate
by the distillation of the seeds with water — Thomson,
Cummin, cwt. . . . . .020
This plant is an annual, a native of Egypt, but cultivated in great abimdance in Sicily and
Malta; whence the seeds are brought to this country. Cummin seeds have a strong,
peculiar, heavy odour, and a warm, bitterish, disagreeable taste. — Thomson.
Fennel, cwt. . . . . .020
Fennel is a bicnni:il plant, originally found in the south of Europe only, but now growing
abundantly on our chalky soils and cliffs, and flowering in July and August. There are
three varieties of lenuel ; the root of the first of which, the common fennel, and the seed
of the second, the sweet fennel, aru oflicinal. The roots found in the shops are the pro-
duce of our own country, and are taken up in the spring; but the seeds are generally
imported from Italy. — Ed.
Fennugreek Seed, cwt. . . . .096
The southern parts of Europe produce the plant from which this seed is obtained. It is
used in pharmacy. — Ed.
■- Flax, quarter . . . . .010
By T. L., Dec. 29, 1832, their lordships permit the introduction of flax seed from Holland
in neutral vessels.
The best seed is that brought from the east country, particularly from Riga, whence great
quantities are imported. This is short, roundish, firm, oily, heavy, and of a shining or
clear brown colour, which, though dear, repays the charges with abundance
The Siberian perennial flax answers very well for making common strong Unen ; but the
thread spun fi-om this is not so fine or white as that produced lioni the common sort. —
Rees.
Forest, lb. . . . . . .006
Garden, not particularly enumerated or described, nor
otherwise charged with duty, lb. . . .006
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— l'MroRTS.—Z>z<//e*, ^-c. Ill
Seed, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Grass of all sorts, cwt. . . . .10 0
Hemp, quarter . . . . .010
Ilemp seed is impoitod for sowing, for feeding birds, and for extracting oil therefrom. I'lax
and hemj) seed a,e of great importance in the manufacture of linen, which in this coiuUry
is now broui;ht to a great pitch of excellence. — Ed.
Leek, lb. . . . . . . 0 1 G
Lettuce, (juarter . . . . .010
Linseed, quarter . . . . .010
By 3 and 4 Will. IV.. c. .54, § 2, linsied lieinj^ the produce of Kiu-ope shall
not be imjiovted into the United Kingdom, to he used therein, except iu
British ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the pro(hice,
or in ships of the country from which the goods are imported.
Lucern, cwt. . . . . .10 0
It is the same plant which the ancients weru so fond of under the na'me of Medica. This is
the only plant in the worlil whose hay is preferalile to the saintfoin for the fattening of
cattle. — Chambers.
Maw, cwt. . . . . . .300
Maw seed is used as food for birds. It has been thonght to have similar properties as the
poppy seed. — Ed.
Millet, cwt, . . . . . .0116
One sort grows naturally in India, but is now cultivated in many parts of Europe as an escu-
lent grain. Tlie other grows naturally at La Vera Cruz. The common millet was origin-
ally brought from the eastern countries, where it is still greatly cultivateil, whence we are
furnished annually with this grain, which is by many persons greatly esteemed for pud-
dings, &c. — C/imnhers.
■ Mustard, bushel . . . . .08
Although the seeds of two species of mustard differ in their botanical characters, yet tliey
agree in otlier respects, the caramon being only rather more pungent; and they may be indis-
criminately employed. Reduced to a fine powder, they form the common comliment every
day used at our tatjles. — Thomson.
Miller reckons four, and Linna;us nine species.— Chnmhers.
Onion, lb. . . . . . .016
Pen, Indian. — By O, C, Aug. 9, 1836, Indian Pea is to be admitted to entry as an article not
enumerated in the table of duties, and not in any degree manufactured, whether it be
imported whole or after the seed has been extracted, viz., the 100/. val., 51.
Parsley, lb. .
Piony, or Peony, lb. .
Quince, lb. .
Rape, quarter .....
By 3 and 4 ^Yill. IV., c. 54, § 2, rape seed, being the produce of Europe,
shall not be imported into the United Kingdom, to be used therein, except in
British ships, or in ships ol' the country of which the goods are the produce,
or in the ships of the country from which the goods are imported.
— — Sebadilla, or Cevadilla, cwt. . . . .040
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 60.)
Shrub or Tree not otherwise enumerated, lb. . . 0 0 6
Trefoil, cwt. . ... . . .100
Miller enumerates twelve, Linnipus forty species. The species commonly cultivated in the
open lields for the food of cattle are the Red Dutch Clover, the White Dutch Clover, and
the Hop (Clover. — Chambers.
■ Worm, cwt. . . . . . .026
Worm seed is a hot, bitter, drying kind of seed, proper to destroy worms generated in a hu-
man body, and particidarly in children. This seed is light, small, of a brownish colour,
an oblong figure, a bitter taste, and a strong smell. It must be chosen new, greenish, of a
sharp, biUer, aromatic taste, not a little disagreealV.e. The place where it is produced is
Persia, about the frontiers of Muscovy. It is brought to us from Aleppo, &c. — Chambers.
• All Seeds not particularly enumerated nor otherwise
charged with duty, commonly made use of for extracting'
Oil therefrom, quarter . . . . .010
All other Seeds not particularly enumerated, nor other-
wise charged with duty, 100/. val. . . . 30 0 0
By C. O., Oct. 1'2, 1818, seeds, &c. for the Horticultural Society may be delivered dutyfree.
0
0 1
0
0 6
0
3 0
0
1 0
112 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z)«^?>5, ^r. [1837-8.
£ *. d.
Segars. See Tobacco, Manufactured.
Sena, lb. . . . . . . .000
By 4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89, 6 5, no abatement of the duties shall be made on
account of any damage received by sena.
The European mail;et is su])jjlied witli sena leaves from Alexaiidiia, whither Uiey are brought
from Upper E^ypt; and alter ha%'iu){ been mixed and adulteiated witli leaves of the Cy-
naiiehum oleafolium, or Argel, and occasionally also with the leaves of bladder scua, box,
and some others, they are packed in bales for exportation. It is difficult to desciibe
the cliar.icters which should guide us in the selection and purchase of sena; amoni,'
them we may enumerate a bright fresh colour, and au agreeable smell somewhat ve?embliiig
that of green tea. It should not be too largely mixed w ith stalks, seed pods, and other ex-
traneous matter, nor very much broken, nor very dusty. — Brande.
Shaving for Hats, See Platting, p. 102.
Sheep, prohibited to be imported for home use on pain of for-
feiture, but may be warehoused for exportation only.
3 and 4 Will, IV., c. 52, ^^ 58.
European Sheep. — Nearly every country in Europe has its own race of sheep. These again
are subdivided into peculiar varieties, arising from difference of climate, food, treatment,
and intermixture. European sheep vary considerably in size and form; but the most im-
portant difference is in the quantity and quality of the wool, it being thin in some, dense in
others, coarse or fine, more or less elastic, &c. &c. Of the German sheep there are the
following varieties : — The Friesland, about throe feet high and four in length, producing
a coarse wool about four or five inches long. It is found in the marshes of Schleswick, near
Husum, in Friesland, in the environs of Itremen, in Holland, itc. ; and if put upon inferior
pasture soon degenerates and becomes smaller. Tlie tlyderstaedt, which is somewhat smaller,
having long wool on the back, and very short hairs on the belly and thighs. The Suabi:iu,
also termed Zaubelscliaaf, found in different parts ofSuabia and Francouia. It is small,
and produces about two pounds of fine wool, like flock silk. The heather sheep, also called
Heidschnucke.oue of the smallest kinds, found on the heath of Lunebourg,in the environs
of Hremen and the Mark. It is clipjied twice a-year, yielding each time about a pound
and a lialf of long course wool. This method of twice clipping has been generally acfopied
in large flocks amongst sheep bearing a secondary quality of wool. The Spiegelschaafe, found
in Mecklenburg, Franconia, &:c.. with a bine woolly ring round the eyes, may be considercil
a species of German sheep, produced by intermixture. The Polish sheep resembles llie
German sheep in size and wool. The Danish is distinguished by a smooth head, erect ears,
and wild disposition. The wool is coarse, mingled with stiff" h*irs. The Swedish, a cross
breed of the Spanish, lias lately been much improved. It had originally but little wool,
and that of a coarse quality. The Uelgian, Flemish, and Flanders sheep are nearly five
feet in length, and weigh about two cwt. The wool is middling. The Dutch sheep are a
species of them. The Hungarian sheep, like the Moldavian, have a very long, coarse, and
inferior wool, and the flesh is very fat and unpalatable. — Ed.
The Huniah is a large tall breed, with slender, compressed, spirally-twisted horns, and short
narrow tail. Though now naturalised in the Kacluir, it is of Trans-Himalayan origin. The
colour is almost invariably white. Individuals of this species are apt to have three, four,
and even five horns. The Huuiah cannot bear the heat of Nepal, south of the northern
division of .\sia, and will doubtless flourish in Enijland, where the experiment is making
of naturalising it. The wool is sujierb. — Athencettm.
Shells. Mother-of- Pearl. See p. 91.
Ships, to be broken up, with their tackle, apparel, and fur-
niture, except Sails, viz, : —
Foreign Ships, 100/. val. . . . . 50 0 0
British Ships entitled to be registered as such, not
having been built in the United Kingdom, 100/. val. . 15 0 0
As to the Ships in which goods may be imported,
see page 2.
ff'rerk.i.—Ky C. O., Dec. 16, 1S35, no higher duty i- chargeable upon the nrpcks of " Briiish
ships or vessels entitled to be registered as such, not having been built in the United King-
dom'' than is payable on sucdi ships wlieu to be broken up, \ii. fifteen percent, nd valorem.
Duty payable upon " Ships to he broken wp."— By T. L., Jan. 11, 1S3C), the dutv of 20 per cent,
to he levied ; but in every case where such inJlulgence shall be claimed, a strict and specific
investigation to be made by the officers of customs, in order to guard against imposition.
Shoes, New. See Boots, p. 54.
having been worn. See Baggage, p. 50.
Shrubs. See Plants, p. 102.
Shumack, ton . . , . . .010
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., "c. 54, § 2, Shumack being the produce of Europe sh.ill
not be imported into the United Kingdom to be used therein, except in
British ships, or in ships of tlie country of which the good.s are the produce,
or in ships of the country from which tlie goods are imported.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM —Imports. -ZJi^Z/V^, c^.^. 113
Shumac, continued, viz. : — £ .9. d.
Cummon Shiim:ic is a slinib thiit grows naturally in Syria, Palastiiie, Spain, anil l'ortii;»al.
In the two last, it is ciiUivated witli jjreat care. Its shoots are cut down every year unite lo
the root ; and, after bein^' dried, they arc reduced to powder by a mill, and thus (uep ired
for the purposes of dyeing and tanning. The shuraac cultivated in the neighbourhood of
Moutpelier is called redoul or roudon. — Urc.
Silk. Kiuibs or Huiks of Silk and Waste Silk, cwt.
Raw Silk, lb. .....
Thrown Silk, not dyed, viz. : —
Singles, lb. .....
Tram, lb. .
Organzine or Crape Silk, lb. . , .
Thrown Silk, dyed, viz.: —
Singles or Tram, lb. . . . ,
Organzine or Crape Silk, lb. . . .
Manufactures of Silk, or of silk mixed with any other
material, the produce of Europe, viz. : —
Silk, or Satin, plain, lb. ....
or, and at the option of the officers*, 100/. val.
Silk or Satin, Figured or Brocaded, lb.
or, and at the option of the officers*, 100/. val.
Gauze, Plain, lb. .
or, and at the option of the officers*, 100/. val.
Gauze, Striped, Figured, or Brocaded, lb,
or, and at the option of the officers*, 1 00/. val.
Crape, Plain, lb. .....
or, and at the option of the officers*, 100/. val.
Crape, figured, lb. .
or, and at the option of the officers*, 100/. val.
Velvet, Plain, lb. .....
or, and at the option of the officers*, 100/, val.
Velvet, Figured, lb. ....
or, and at the option of the officers*, 100/. val.
Ribands, Embossed or Figured with Velvet, lb.
or, and at the option of the olficers*. 100/. val.
and further, if mixed with Gold, Silver, or other
Metal, in addition to the above rates, when the
duty is not charged, according to the value, lb. .
Fancy Silk, Net or Tricot, II).
Plain Silk Lace or Net, called Tulle, sq. yd.
Manufactures of Silk, or of Silk mixed with any
other material, the produce of and imported from B. P.,
■within the limits of tlie East India Company's Charter,
100/. val. . . . . . . 20 0 0
By T. O., Feb. and April, 1S19, and .\ng. 1825, patterns and samples of silk, useful only as
such, are dtiti/frce.
Manufactures of silk, beinj^thc inamifactures of Europe, unless into the port of
Lou<lon, or into the port of Dublin direct from Bordeaux, or into the port of
Dover direct from Calais, or into Dover from 15uulogne, and iniless in a ship
or vessel of seventy tons, or upwards, or into the port of Dover in a vessel
of the burden of sixty tons at least, with licence of the commissioners of
customs, prohibited to be imported on pain of forfeiture. 3 and 4 Will. IV'.,
c. 5-2, ^ 58.-4 and 5 Will. I\^, c. 89, vS 6.
Stockings, Shoes, and Gloves, having been worn. See
Baggage, p. 50. New, See Boots, p. 54.
It shall be lawful for the cumm.ssiouers of customs to permit any stuffs or
fabrics of silk, linen, cotton, or wool, or of any mixture of them with any
other material, to be taken out of the warehouse to be clean.'d, lelresbed,
dyed, stained, or calendered, or to be bleached or printedj without payment
• Oflicers of Customs to bo understood in all these casea.
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
6
0
2
0
0
3
G
0
3
0
0
5
2
0
11
0
25
0
0
0
15
0
30
0
0
0
J7
0
30
0
(1
1
7
G
30
0
0
0
IG
0
30
0
0
0
18
0
30
0
0
1
2
0
30
0
0
1
7
G
30
0
t»
0
17
0
30
0
0
0
10
0
1
4
II
0
/
4
0 15
0
1 5
0
2 10
0
0 0
0
114 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Dm^«<?;?, (f^c. [1837-8.
Silk, contijiued, viz. : — £ s. d-
of duty of customs, under security; nevertheless, by bond to their satis-
faction, that such goods shall be retiuned to the warehouse within the time
that they shall appoint. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 37, § 35,
Millinery of Silk or of which the greater part of the
raaterials is of Silk, viz. : —
Turbans or Caps, each ....
Hats or bonnets, each ....
Dresses, each . . ■ .
Oi; and at the option of the officers*, 100/. val. .
Manufactures of Silk, or of Silk and any other mate-
rials, not particularly enumerated, or otherwise charged
with duty, 100/. val. . . . . . 30 0 0
Articles of Manufactures of Silk, or of Silk and any
other material, wholly or in part made up, not parti-
cularly enumerated, or otherwise charged with duty,
100/. value . . . . . . 30 0 0
Worm Gut, 100/. value . . . . 20 0 0
The silk worm is a native of China, and the culture of silk, in ancient times, was entirely
confined to that country, where, we are told, that the empresses, surrounded by their women,
employed their leisure hours in the reeling of silk, and in the weaving of silk tissues and
veils. Vast quantities of raw silk are annually imported into this country from I'engal,
China,' Italy, and Turkey. The raw silk thus imported is, however, too slender in the
thread for the weaving of most articles ; the greater part of it is therefore sent to a mill to
be thrown, as it is termed. All kinds of silk, which are simply drawn from the cocoons by
reeling, are termed raw silk, hni are distinguished by several denominations, according to
the number of fibres which compose the thread. As raw silk is very rarely used without
being dyed, it is necessary to prepare the thread for that process, by giving it a twist, which
enables it to withstand the eflect of the hot liquor, without separating the fibres, or furring
it up. The silk yarn employed by the weavers for the woof or weft of the stuffs they fabri-
cate is composed of two or more threads of the raw silk, and undergoes a slight twisting by
a machine. In the weaving of silk stockings, the thread employed is of the same kind, but
contains a greater number of the single threads, accordingto tlie strength and quality of the
work. Organzine silk is composed of two, three, or four threads of raw silk united, by first
twisting separately each component thread in a mill, in a right-handed direction ; and
then, by a subsequent operation, twisting the two threads together in a contrary direction. —
Register of the Arts and Sciences.
China Silks. — The Chinese will not even pack silks for exportation in damp weather ; that is
to say, unless they are hurried to do it by the strangers who have business with them, and
wish to get their ships away sooner than ordinary. I liave known a ship detained tliree
weeks longer th.an the captain wished at Canton, because the security-merchant would not
pack the silks which formed part of her cargo until the weather became favourable. This
will account, in some measure, not only for the permanency and beauty of the dye, but like-
wise for the care that is taken to preserve it. The Chinese say that if newly-dyed silks be
packed before they are perfectly dry, or in damp weather, they will not only lose their
brightness of colour, but will also become spotted. They may have some secret in the spin-
ning and tissue of silks, which we know nothing of, but certainly not in dyeing them. —
Dobell.
The Italian Silks preserve their ancient reputation in the markets of Britain ; but they have
now formidable rivals. The attention paid by the Eiist India Company and other oriental
merchants to the silks of India and China — their low prices — their improving qualities —
have tended to shift the position of Italian silks for the English demand, and will continue
to influence it. From 1800 to 1814, the average importation of silk into London was
786,280 Italian lb. of Italian silk, and only 538,483 lb. of Asiatic silk ; while from 1815 to
1834, the .average of Italian silk imported was 1,446,519 Italian lb., and of Asiatic silk,
1,572,0511b. Thus the increase of Italian silk has been 84 per cent., and that of Asia 192
per cent, or more than double. In other words, the importation of Ilaliiin silks, from 1802
to 1814, was 50 per cent- more in amount than the importations from Asia, while tlie average
since 1815 has been 8 per cent, more from Asia than from Italy. — Report on the Statistics of
Tuscany, Lucca, the Pontifical and I,ombardo-Venetian States. By J. Bowrino, LL.D.
Culture of Silk in the JFest Indies. — A specimen of raw silk produced in Guadaloupe has been ex-
hibited on 'Change, being the first produce of that island, and the sample has excited much
interest in the trade, the filature being exceedingly fine, and the cocoons larger than those
produced either in Italy or India. The fact that silk can be raised in the colony referred to
is of more importance, as it is understood that the attention of some of our West India
planters has been drawn to the subject of rearing the silkworm in our own colonies, which
might in some degree take the place of sugar cultivation. — Ed.
Skins, Furs, Pelts, and Tails, viz. :—
skin, in commerce, a term particularly used for this membrane, stripped off the animal, to be
prepared by the tanner, skinner, currier, parchment-maker, &c., and converted into
* Officers of Customs to be understood.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z)m^i>*, ^c. 115
Skins, &c., continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
leather, S:o. The use of skins is very ancient, tlie first garments in the world having been
made of skin. Tlie Danes and other northern nations huve a long time dressed themselves
in skins. — Rees.
• Badger, undressed, skin . . . .006
Bear, undressed, skin . . . .040
undressed, imported from any B. P. in America,
skin . . . . . . .026
The skin of the ISear is a vahiable fur. The skins of the white bears are of great use to those
who travel in winter. They are dressed, even at Spitzbergen, by steeping them in warm
water, which extracts the grease ; and they are afterwards dried. Gerard de Veira asserts
that, after killing one of these bears, he measured the skin, and found it to be 23 feet long,
which is more than triple the length of the common bear. Tlie polar bear is of great use to
the Greenlanders, who split his tendons into threads for sewing, and make boots, shoes, and
gloves of his skin. — Buffim.
- — Beaver, undressed, skin . . . .008
undressed, imported from any B. P. in Ame-
rica, skin . . . . . .004
By C. O., Jan. 15, 1824, pieces of Beaver skins, from the British Colonies, to pay duty as
follows, viz. : to weigh pieces of beaver skins against whole skins upon so many as are
required to balance the weight of the pieces, on future importation, and charge duty on so
many whole skins.
Beaver, the fur or skin of an amphibious animal, called the Castor, or Beaver, sometimes found
in France, Germany, and Poland, but most abundantly in the province of Canada in North
America. — Chambers.
Beaver skins are important articles in commerce, being used in the manufacture of hats ; the
short downy part of the fur, which is close to the body, and covered by the long coarse
hair, being employed for that purpose ; but it is generally mixed with the downy fur of
other animals. Tlie black skins are esteemed the most valuable, but the general colour is a
darkchesiiut brown. White beavers are very rare. The Hudson's Company have at one
sale sold more than 54,600 skins. They are named differently according to their quality.
Coat beaver is what has been worn by the Indians as coverlets. Parchment beaver,
because the lower side resembles parchment ; and Stage beaver, which is the worst, is that
killed out of season, when the Indians are on journeys. — Eney. Metrop.
Calabar. See Squirrel Skins, p. 120.
Calf, viz. :—
in the Hair, not Tanned, Tawed, Curried, or in
any way dressed, viz.: —
dry, the cwt. . . . . .048
wet, the cwt. . . . . .024
the produce of and imported from the West
Coast of Africa, each skin not exceeding 7 lb. the cwt. . 0 2 4
produce of and imported from B. P., viz. : —
dry, the cwt. .....
wet, the cwt. .....
Tanned, and not otherwise dressed, the lb.
0
2
4
0
1
2
0
0
9
0
0
4*
0
1
2
0
0
7
0
1
0
0
0
6
0
1
6
0
0
9
produce of and imported from B. P., lb.
■ — ■ — Cut or Trimmed, lb. . . . .
the produce of and imported from B. P., lb. .
Tawed, Curried, or in any way Dressed (not tanned
hides), lb. ..... .
the produce of and imported from B. P., lb.
Cut or Trimmed, lb. .
the produce of and imported from B. P., lb.
By T. L., May 13, 1837, the higher duty to be charged upon those skins only which have been
rounded by the separation of the flanks and thinner parts liom tlie bodies of the skins, and
that the cutting away of small parts or jagged edges of the skiu does not constitnte a
cutting or trimming in the intention of the Act.
Calves, beside their flesh, afford two sorts of commodities for trade, namely, the hide and the
hair. Calf-skins, in the leather manufacture, are prepared and dresseil by the tanners,
skinners, and curriers, wlio sell them for the use of the shoemakers, saddlers, bookbinders,
and other artificers, who employ them in their several manufactures. (!alf-skin dressed in
shumac denotes the skin of this animal curried black on the hair side, and dyed of an
orange colour on the flesh side, by means of shumac, chiefly used in the making of belts. —
Chainhers.
Cat, undressed, skin . . . . .001
I 2
0
1
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
116 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— I>«^/e5, ^r. [1837-S.
Skiss, Sec, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Of all spotted animals, the robe of tho male Ocelot or Mexican Cat is unquestionably tho
mo3t beautiful and tlie most elegantly variegated. Uiit in the female Ocelot the colours
are fainter and tlie design more irregular. The Margay, or Cayenne Cat, is much smaller
tlian the Ocelot. In size and flgure he resembles the w'ild cat. Tlie tiger-cat skin, like that
of the ounce, is very much spotted. Tlie Pichou is a kind of cat as tall as a tiger, but not
so thick : his skin is equally beautiful: he is not very common iu Louisiana. There is
still another animal of this genus, which the furriers call Guepard: his fur, which is of a
very pale yellow colour, is speckled, like that of the leopard, with black spots, but they are
smaller and nearer each other. The Wild Cat of New Spain is nearly three feet high, and
more than four in length ; its hair is so stiff, that pencils may be made of it with a firm
point. A considerable traffic is carried on in cats' skins. Spain furnishes a great number,
but tho chief quantity comes from Russia, which are exported from that country to
different parts of Europe, and also to China. — Buff'on.
Chinchilla, undressed, skin . . . ,003
Cony, undressed, 100 skins . . . .010
Greece and Spain seem to be the only places in Europe where rabbits anciently existed.
Tlieiice they were transported into more temperate regions ; as Italy, France, Germany,
Britain, where they are now naturalized. We find them in the mcSst southern parts of
Asia and Africa ; as along the Persian Gulf, the Bay of Saldana, in Libya, Senegal, and
Guinea. They are likewise found in the American islands, where they have been brought
from Europe, and have succeeded extremely well. Tlieir furs form a considerable article
in the niauufacture of hats ; and such part of the fur as is unlit for that purpose has been
found as good as feathers for stuffing beds and bolsters. — Buffon and Pennant.
Deer, undressed, skin . . . .001
undressed, produce of and imported from any
B. P. in America, 100 skins
Indian, half dressed, skin
undressed or shaved, skin . ■ .
The number of Matacani, or Little Deer, is so considerable in tho Llanos, that a trade nii-ht
be carried on with their skins. A skilful hunter would kill more than twenty a-day ; but
the indolence of the inhabitants is such, that often they will not give themselves the trouble
of taking the skin. The trade in these skins is carried on, but on a very insi^nilicaut
scale, at Carora and at Barquesimeto. — liumbuldt.
Deer skin, when properly dressed, is an excellent defence ag.ainst the cold; for when the
hair is outmost, neither cold nor rain can penetrate it. The skin of the deer makes a very
pliable .and useful leather. — Bu/fon.
It is a curious fact, that if the rein-deer skin be exposed to s.altwater, the hair falls off, unless
the fur be immediately well rubbed with snow. — A. Do Cupel Brooke.
Do^, in the Hair, not Tanned, Tawed, or in any way
Dressed, doz. skins . . . . .002
The Isatis, or Arctic Do;;, is called the Cross Fox. Dogs are killed for tho sake of tlieir skins
both in Asia and Hudson's Bay; the fur is liglit and warm, but not durable. The tips of
their tails are always black; those of the common foxes are always while. The (iieeii-
landers preserve the skin for tratlic. They also make buttons of the skins, and split the
tendons, and make use of them instead of thread. The blue furs are much more esteemed
than the while. The New Zealanders are very careful of tlioir dogs, feed them with fish,
and wlien fat, kill them for tho sake of their flesh and skin. The jiair is used fir orna-
mental purposes. — Biiffhn.
On the southern bank of the Cano, between the tributary streams Barapara and Oclie, lies
the almost mined mission of San Miguel de la Tortuga. The Indians assured ns that the
environs of this little niissiun abound in otters with a very fine fur, called by the Portuguese
Water-dogs. — Humboldt.
Dog Fish, undressed, the doz. skins . . .052
undressed, of British taking and imported direct
from Newfoundland, doz. skins . . . .001
Elk, in the Hair, not Tanned, Tawed, Curried, or in
any way Dressed, skin . . . . .010
111 F.uropo and Asia the elk is found only on this side, and the rein-deer beyond, the polar
circle. In America we meet with them iu lower latitudes, because tlirre the cjld is greater
than iu Europe. The elk approaches not so near the pole, but inlial)its Norway, Swedi'ii,
Poland, Lilliiiania, Russia, Siberia, and Tartary, as far as tlie north of China. In (Jaiiada,
and in all the nortliern parts of America, we meet with the elk. under the name of the
Original, and the rein-deer under that of C.aribou. The elk is talk'r thaji a horse. Ills
liair is commonly grey, sometimes yellow, and as long as a man's linger. In general, llu;
elk is mncli larger and stronger than the slag or reindeer. His hair is so rough, and his
skin so hard, that it is hardly i.enetrable by a muskLa-ball.— L' {//om.
Ermine, undressed, skin . « . ,003
Dressed, skin • . • ,008
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— lMroRT9.—I>M/?V*, <$-c. 117
Skins, &c., continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
The wcasi'l v itli a black tail is callcil the Ermine, finil Tlosclet by the French. In Nurway
the ermine lives among the frajjnirnts of rocks. This .mimnl seems to brlonK to llie weasel
tribe ; his skin is white, except tlie tail, \vliich is spotted •v.\\\\ black. The furs of Norway
and Lapland preserve their wliileness better than those of Russia, which Booncr turn
Yellowish; and for this reason the former are of greater reijuest, even at Pelersbureh.
—Biiffon.
Fisher, undressed, skin . . . .006
undressed, imported from B. P. in America, skin 0 0 3
For the description of Fisher-skins, seo Sable-Bkins, they being only different names for the
same article. — Ed.
Fitch, undressed, doz. skins . . . .020
Tltc Polecat, Fitchet, or Foumart.— TXw length of this animal is about seven inches, exclusive
of the tail; that of the titil six. The i-ic!es arc covered with hairs of two colours, the ends
of which are of a blackish hue, like the other parts; the middle of a full tawny colour.
Though the smell of the polecat, when alive, is rank and disaijree.ible, even to a proverb,
yet the skin is dressed w ith the hair on, and used as other furs for tippets, &c., and also to
line clothes. — Rces.
Fox, undressed, skin . . ..008
undressed, imported from any B. P. in America,
skin 0 0 4
Tails, undressed, 100^. val. . . .500
In Norwav there are white, bay, and black foxes, and others which have two black lines on the
reins. The latter kind, and those which are wholly black, are most esteemed. These furs
are a considerable article of commerce. From the port of Bei-gen alone more than 4,000
foxes' skins are annually exported. — Biiff'un.
— Goat, raw or undressed, doz. skins • . ,006
■ tanned, the doz. skins . . ..200
Goat Skin is more valuable than that of the sheep. Goats are So numerous in Norway, that
from the port of Uergen alone 80,000 raw hides are annually exported, without reckoning
those which have been dressed. The skin is peculiarly well adapted for the glove manu-
factory, especially that of the kid; abroad it is dressed and made into stockings, bed-ticks,
bolsters, bed hangings, sheets, and even shirts. In the army, it covers the horseman's
arms, and carries the foot soldier's provisions. It takes a dye better than any other skin. —
Buffon. and Pennant.
Hare, undressed, 100 skins . . . ,010
According to the furriers, the Siberian hares are the finest in the world, in size. Strength, and
quality of the fur. Next to these in point of size are the mawkins found in the Isle of Man.
The w'eight of one of them exceeds belief, and has been given as high as 12, 13, and 141b. —
Ed.
Husse, imdressed, skin . . . .006
Kangaroo, raw and undressed, imported from B. P.,
100/. val. . . . . . .600
One kind gets the name of Forest Kangaroo from being found on dry places, partially
covered with trees. Another, which is styled the Mountain Kangaroo, ishlack, with shaggy
hair, and found upon the hills. There is a third, the Ked Kangaroo, so called from its
colour, which is chiefly found on the plains, or more open forests. Its fur is smooth and soft.
In the interior a kangaroo has been met with, vyith fur so long and soft, as to get the name
of the Woolly Kangaroo. These are all animals of considerable size, being found of the
weight of between two and three hundred pounds ; and they are all sought after for food ;
while their skins, in some places of the country, more especially in the south-western parts
of New Holland, and in Van Diemcn's Land, are used by the native inhabitants for cloaks,
while the colonists dress and prepare them as leather. — Picture of Australia,
Kid, in the hair, undressed, 100 skins . ,004
dressed, 100 skins . . . . 0 JO 0
• dressed, and dyed or coloured, 100 skins . . 0 J5 0
For description of Kid Skins, see Goat Skins, above.
Kip. See Calf Skins, p. 115.
Kolinski, undressed, skin . . . .003
Lamb, undressed, in the wool, 100 skins . .004
tanned or tawed, 100 skins . . . 0 10 0
tanned or tawed, and dyed or coloured, 100 skins 0 15 0
dressed in oil, 100 skins . . .400
At Meschet, in the country of Chorazan, on the frontiers of Persia, Lamb Skins formerly
constituted a great article of commerce. The fleeces were of a beautiful silver-grey colour
118 UNITED KINGDOM— Imports.— Dwiieij, <^c. [1837-8
Skins, &c., continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
all curled, and finer than silk; those sheep which come from the mountains to the south of
this city, and from the province of Kerman, afford the tinest wool in Persia. The f^reatest
part of this fine wool is furnished by the province of Kerman, which is the ancient Cara-
mania, and the best kind comes from the mountains adjacent to the town, which has the
same name with the province. It is singular that when the sheep of these places have
eaten the new herbage from January to Majf, the fleeces fall entirely oil', and leave the
animals as bare as scalded pigs ; so that there is no occasion of shearing them as in France.
When the fleeces are collected, they are beat or threshed ; by which operation the coarser
part separates, and leaves nothing but the fine. The wool is never dyed ; it is naturally of a
bright brown or a grey ash colour, andTery little of it is white.— Bif^un.
Leopard, undressed, skin . . . .026
The Leopard inhabits Senegal and Guinea, and spares neither man nor beast. These animals
are taken by the negroes in pit-falls, covered at the top with slight hurdles, on which they
place a bait offish. The skins are valuable, and brought to Europe. — Chambers.
Lion, undressed, skin . . . .010
Two varieties of the lion are found in South Africa, namely, the Yellow and the Brown ; or,
(as the Dutch colonists often term the latter,) the Blue or Black Lion. The dark-coloured
species is commonly esteemed the strongest and fiercest. — Thompson.
His skin does not appear to be much sought after. The old adage seems verified in this
case: "A live dog is better than a dead lion." — Ed.
Lynx, undressed, skin . .
Marten, undressed, skin ....
undressed, imported from B. P., skin .
Tails, undressed, 100 tails
The Skins of Martens are in request in Turkey, for the use of the fur. Tom-nefort says that those
of Dauphiny are particularly valued at Smyrna. The deepest in colour are sometimes mixed
with the sable. The pine-weasel, or yellow-breasted marten, is a native of the northern
region, where the species is so numeTous, that the quantity of their furs annually consumed
is perfectly astonishing. — Buffoon.
Mink, undressed, skin . . . .004
undressed, imported from B. P. in America,
the skin . . . . . .002
dressed, the skin . . . .020
0
0
6
0
0
6
0
0
3
0
5
0
The Mink is a kind of pole-cat. Its skin is so black as to become a proverb in America. The
value of the skin depends much on the season in which it is taken. The tail of the mink is
entirely devoid of hair. — Ed.
Mole, undressed, doz. skins . . . .006
The mole frequents cultivated countries only. There are none in the dry deserts, nor in the
cold climates, where the earth is frozen during the greatest part of the year. The animal
called the Siberian Mole, with green and yellow hair, is a different species from our mule,
which abounds only from Sweden to Barbary, for they exist not in hot climates. — Bujff'on.
The fur of the mole is sometimes used in the liat-manufacture, and it gives a very superior
surface. — Ed.
Musquash, undressed, 100 skins . . .010
The Musquash, or musk rat, is a diminutive species of the beaver, found in North Ame-
rica.— Ed.
Nutria, undressed, 100 skins . . . .010
I have been connected for the last ten years with an establishment where, on an average,
150,000 Nutria Skins are annually manufactured, and the wool cut off" for the use of hatters.
I have searched every book of travels in Brazil, &c., that I could procure, and the chief
English works on zoology, without being able to gather any description of the scientific
name or habits of the animal. All the information I could collect was from tlie captains
that had visited Buenos Ayres, and brought cargoes of skins; but their accounts were
extremely vague and unsatisfactory. I have sent the skin of a female Nutria herewith, for
your inspection, (from which the fur has been cut by machinery,) with a small sample of
the belly fur, prepared for the covering of a hat ; the wholesale price of the latter is now
three guineas per lb. : it is used as a substitute for beaver-wool in second-rate hats. Our
French correspondents term the skins "Ratgoudin.'' The skin is rather above the usual
size; its length is 26 inches, the tail being cut off, as is always done before skins are
exported: the width of the skin is 15 inches. Benjamin NoRRis,jun.
Windsor Place, Southwark Bridge Road.
Otter, undressed, skin . . . .016
undressed, imported from B. P. in America, skin 0 10
The Otter is spread over Europe from Sweden to Naples; and we find it even in North
America; The skins of the sea-otter are exceedingly valuable, and are sold in great
quantities to the Chinese. — Buffon.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.—Imports.— Dii^tej, ^(T. 119
Skins, &c., continued, viz. :— £ s. d.
The conquest of Siberia, and its annexation to tlio Russian enn)ire, took place in 1640. thirty
years lie lore the incorporation of the Hudson's l$ay Company. The Kuril and Aleutian
Isles, in the sea thai divides Asia from North America, were discovered and taken
possession of in 1745, by which the fur of the sea-otter was first introduced into rommereo,
and which, while rare, obtained inciedible prices in the (Ihiuese market. In 17B0 the lur-
bearing animals had already become scarce in Siberia, while the demand continued undi-
minished in the Asiatic markets : this led to new exertions ; and when Cook, in tlie course of
his exploratory circumnavigation, was engaged in surveying the western coast of America
north of Nootka, he found that the Russians had already, on some points, opened an inter-
course for furs with the inhabitants. The sea-otti-rs obtained by the crews of his ships
sold in Kamtschatka, for the Chinese market, for prices whicli astonished them, and which
gave birth soon after to Hritishand American expeditions to the same quarter, and even
excited some signs of spirit in the sluggishness of the Spaniards of Monterey anil California.
The Russians, however, being nearest and in force, and stimulated by commercial jealousy
and national ambition, established a colony on the American coast, and now possess the
north-western, extremity of that continent. Thus the fur-traders of different nations, the
one setting out from the western boundary of Asia, and the others from the eastern
boundary of America, have traversed these two great continents, and now find themselves
face to face on the western shores of America, No new fur-ground remains to be explored ;
and, although the supplies of this commodity may not, for some years, diminish in any very
sensible degree, yet it is evident ihat the summit of the traile has been reached, and perhaps
over-passed. The fur-trade of England is both an importing and exporting one. The
imports for our own consumption are blue and white fox from Norway and Iceland, marten
and fitch from Germany and France, bears, silver and grey, sables, ermines, squirrels.hares,
and lambskins, from Russia; seals from the Southern Ocean, and chinchilla from South
America. The imports, partly for home consumption and partly for reexportation, are the
furs of North America. Several of the smaller animals which were imported from Canada
while that colony was in possession of the French, and which formed the menu pelleterie of
the traders, are found to be no longer worth the trouble and expense of collecting : these
were chiefly ermine and squirrel, but considerably inferior in quality to similar skins from
Russia. — Transactions of the Society of Arts, fjc.
Ounce, undressed, skin . . . .076
Panther, undressed, skin . . . .026
The history of this species has been rendered rather complex by the inadvertence of some
deservedly popular writers. Butfon appears to have figured the American jaguar as the
true panther ; and Pennant, having found in the London fur-shops certain skins from
Ameriqa, which agreed with the French author's despiiptioii of the panther, drew the
erroneous inference that that animal was found both in the old and new world, instead of
being confined to the former. — Wilson.
• Many of the jaguars in the Spanish colonies equal the mean size of the royal tiger of Asia —
they are called by the furriers of Europe skins of the great panther. — Hunihuldt.
Pelts of Goats, undressed, doz. pelts
dressed, the doz. pelts .
Pelts of all other sorts, undressed. 100 pelts .
Racoon, undressed, skin
undressed, imported from B. P. in America, skin
Sable, undressed, the skin
Tails or Tips of Sable, undressed, the piece
Fine and middling skins are sold without the bellies ; the coarse ones with them. The
finest sables are sold in pairs perfectly similar, and such pairs are dearer than single ones
of the same goodness, for the Russians want those in pairs for facing caps, cloaks, and
tippets. The blackest are reputed the best. Sables are in season from November to
February ; those caught at any other time of the year are short-haired. The hair of sables
differs in length and quality. The more a skin has of such long hairs, :iud the blacker
they are, the more valuable is the fur. Tlie very best have no other but those long black
hairs. The dyed sables always lose their gloss and become less uniform. White sables
are rare ; they are not common merchandise, but bought only as curiosities. Some are
yellowish, and are bleached in the spring on the snow. The common sables are scarcely
any thing better in hair and colour than the marten. The sable is also found in North
America. The length of the American sable is about twenty inches.
Seal in the hair, not tanned, tawed, or in any way
dressed, skin . . . . .010
— ^--of British takinfj, imported direct from the fishery
or from a B. P., doz. skins . . . .001
(4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 8S.)
By O. C, June 29, 1836, Seal skins imported from the Falkland Islands must be deemed
to be imported from a British possession, according to the legal construction of that term.
In general form seals bear no very distant relation to tlie weasels. A particular species
goes by the name of Ground Seal among the Greenland fishers, of whose sUin the Green-
landers make their thongs for fishing. Seals, from three to five feet in length, frequent the
0
3
0
0
6
0
0
17
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
0
2
6
0
0
3
0
1
0
2
0
0
4
0
0
0
n
6
0
17
6
20
0
0
120 UNITED KINGDOM.— lMroRTS.—I'2/i/w, c^c [1837-8.
Skit^s, 8ic., continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
western coast of Iielaiid. We so persecute fliis animal, as to destroy hundreds of
thousiinds annually, for the sake of the pure and transparent oil with which it abounds ;
secondly, for its tanned skin, which is appropriated lo various purposes by different modes
of preparation ; and, thirdly, we pursue it for its close and dense attire. In the common
teal, the hair of the adult is of one uniform kind, so thickly arranged and imbued with oil,
as to effectually resist the action of the water; while, on the contrary, in the antarctic
seals tlie hair is of two kinds : the longest, like that of the northern seals; the other, a
delicate, soft fur, growing between the roots of the former, close to the surface of the skin,
and not seen externally ; and this beautiful fur constitutes an article of very increasing
importance in commerce ; but not only does the clothing of the seal vary materially in
colour, fineness, and commercial estimation in the different species, but not less so in refer-
ence to the age of the animal. The young of most kinds are usually of a very light colour,
or entirely white, and are altogether destitute of true hair, having this substituted by a
long and particularly soft fur. — Brande's Quarterly Journal of Science.
' Sheep, undressed, in the wool, the doz. skins
tanned or tawed, 100 skins . »
dressed in oil, 100 skins . ,
■ Sheep. See Lamb.
Squirrel or Calabar, undressed, 100 skins ,
' tawed, 100 skins . . ,
Tails, undressed, 100^. value
The hair of the tails of squirrels is used for pencils, but their skin is only an indilferent fur.
The fur of the greysqiiiirel is much liner and softer than that of llie common. Tlie hunting
season begins about Michaelmas. Almost every native of Lapland is occupied in this
business, which is a considerable article of commerce; but there is no merchandize in
which a man may be more deceived than in that of the grey squirrel and ermines ; for
you buy without seeing, the fur side of the skins being always turned inmost. Tliere is no
distinction to be made ; the good and the bad are all sold at the same price. The finest
fur brought from the Iroquois country is the skin of the black squirrel. This animal is
as large as a cat of three months old. The Iroquois make robes of this fur. Their skins
in America are used for ladies' shoes, and are often imported into England for lining or
facing for cloaks. Ground squirrels are taken merely on account of their skins, whicli,
though forming but a slight or ordinary fur, have a very pleasing appearance when
properly disposed, and are said to be chiully sold to the Chinese. — Biiffhn.
Swan, undressed, skin . . . .010
The Icelanders, Kamtschatkadales, and other inhabitants of the northern world, dress their
ekins with the down on them, sew them together, and convert them into various sorts of
garments. The northern American Indians have recourse to the same expedient for
clothing themselves. They likewise gather the feathers and down in large quantities, and
barter or sell them. — Ency. Britan.
Tiger, undressed, skin . i . .026
All those skins which have short hair, and roundish and distinct spot.s, have been called
tigers' skins ; and travellers, deceived by this false denomination, have indiscriminately
named every ferocious animal, thus spotted, by the a])pcllation of tigers. We are assured
by M. dela Lande-Magon that he has seen, in the East Indies, a tiger of fifteen feet in
length, including the tail, which, supposing it to be four or five feet, the length of the body
was at least ten. In Europe these skins, though rare, are not much valued. Those of the
leopard of Guinea and Senegal, called Tigers' .Skins by our furriers, are preferred. — Buffon.
The indolence of the South Americans is such, that they will not give themselves the trouble
to chase the jaguars, or great American tigers, the skin of which fetches only one piastre
in the steppes of Varinas, while at Cadiz it costs four or five, — Humboldt,
Weasel, undres.sed, 100 skins . . 0 4 9
■ Wolf, undressed, skin . . . .006
undressed, imported from B. P. in America, skin 0 0 3
tawed, skin . . . . .0176
The hair and colour of these animals vary with the climate, and sometimes even in the same
country. In France and Germany, beside the common wolves, we find some with thicker
and more yellow -coloured hair. There is nothing valuable in the wolf but his skin, which
makes a warm, durable fur. The black wolf, the lynx, and the fox, are very numerous in
North America ; and yet the black fox is very rare, and his skin is much more beautiful
than that of the black wolf, which makes but a very coarse fur. — Buffon,
Wolverings, undressed, skin . . .010
' undressed, imported from any B. P. in
America, skin . . . . .006
Tlic Wolverine or Glutton has been described as a species of bear. It is found in the
northern parts of Europe and Asia, and in Hudson's ISay and Canada. The skin of the
glutton is much valued in Siberia and Kamtschafka, and the fur is greatly esteemed in
Europe ; that of the north of Europe and Asia is much finer and of a more glossy black
tluin that of the American kind, — Chambers,
1837-S.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— I>?</j>5, (J-tf. 121
Skins, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
and Furs, or Pieces of Skins and Furs, raw or un-
dressed, not particularly enumerated, nor otherwise
charged with duty, 100/. val. . . . 20 0 0
and Furs, or Pieces of Skins and Furs, tanned, tawed,
curried, or in any way dressed, not particularly enumer-
ated nor otherwise charged with duty, 100/. val. , 30 0 0
Articles manufactured of Skins and Furs, 100/. val. . 75 0 0
His Majesty may, by order in council, prohibit the importation of skins, in
order to prevent any contagious distemper. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 58.
Chinchilla. — The length of the body is about nine inches, and tliat of the tail nearly five.
Its proportions are close set, and its limbs comparatively short, the posterior beiui; consi-
derably Ion<,'er than the anterior. The fur is long, thick, close, woolly, somewhat crisped
and entangled together, greyish or ash-coloured above, and paler beneath. The tail isaliout
half the length of the body, of equal thickness throughout, and covered with long bushy
liairs ; it is usually kept turned up towards the back, but not reverted us in the squirrels.—
Gardens and Menagerie of the Zoological Society.
Slate. See Stone.
used in the building of churches. See page 60.
Smalts, lb. . . . . . .004
Smalt is ii kind of glass of a dark blue colour, which when levigated appears of a most
beautiful colour ; and if it coxdd be made sufficiently fine, would be an excellent succpda-
neum for ultramarine, as not only resisting all kinds of wcatlier, but even the most violent
tires. At the bottoms of the crucibles in which the smalt is manufactured we generally
tind a regulus of a whitish colour, inclined to red, and extremely brittle. This is melted
afresh, and when cold, separates into two parts : that .it the bottom is the cobaltic regulus,
which is employed to make more of the smalt; the other is bismuth. — Ency, Britan.
Snuff, lb. . . . . , .060
SnufF-work, prohibited to bo imported for home use on pain of forfeiture, but
may be warehoused for exportation only. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52,
§ 58, 59, 60.
Tobacco is usually the basis of snuff; other matters being only added to give it a more
agreeable scent. Sec. The kinds of snufTand their several names are intinite ; and new
ones are daily invented; so that it would be difficult, not to say impossible, to give a detail
of them. There are three principal sorts : the first granulated ; the second an impalpable
powder; and the third the bran, or coarse part remaining after sifting the second sort, —
Chambers.
Soap, Hard, cwt. . ^ • « 4
Soft, cwt. .....
the produce of and imported from B. P., in the East
Indies, viz. : —
Hard, cwt. » * k •
Soft, cwt. ....
In general the only soaps employed in commerce are those of olive oil, tallow, lard, palm oil,
and rosin. A species of soap can also be formed by the union of bees' -wax with alkali;
but this has no detergent application, being used only for painting in encaustu. — Ure.
Soda. See Alkali, page 46.
Spa Ware, 100/. value . . . . 30 0~0
The inhabitants of Spa, a town of the Netherlands, province of Liege, adapt, like those of
Tunbridge, their manufacturing industry to the taste of tlieir visitors, and employ them-
selves in making boxes of painted and varnished wood, with a variety of ornaments, and
fanciful articles. — Edinburgh Qazettecr.
Specimens of Minerals, Fossils, or Ores, not particularly
enumerated, nor otherwise charged with duty, each speci-
men not ex. 14lb. ..... Free.
ex. 1 -lib. each, 100/. val. . . .500
illustrative of Natural History, not otherwise
enumerated ..... Free.
Speckled Wood, produce of, or imported from, any foreign
country, ton . . . . .2100
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 60.)
produce of, and imported from, B. P., ton 0 16 3
Spelter, in Cakes, cwt. . . , . .020
4
10
0
3
11
3
1
8
0
1
3
0
122 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— i^M^ies, <Sx'. [1837-8.
Spelter, cotitinued, viz. : — £ s. d.
not in Cakes, cwt, . . . . 0 10 0
Speltre, or Spelter, another name for Zinc. Zinc is a metal of a bluish-white colour, some-
wliat brigliter than lead ; of considerable hardness, and so malleable as not to be broken
with the hammer, though it cannot be much extended in this way. It is very easily
extended by rollers of the flattinj^-mill. — lire.
Tutanag, the Chinese name for Speltre, which we erroneously apply to the metal of which
canisters are made that are brought over with the tea from China; it being a coarse
pewler made w ith the lead carried from England, and tin got iu the kingdom of Quiutang.
— TFuodwurd.
Spermaceti, Fine, lb. . . . . .016
This substance is erroneously supposed to be found in tlie cranium of the physeter macruce-
phalus, or long-headed whale : it is the fat of the animal. Formerly, and, indeed, not lung
since, spermaceti was only used as a medicine, and annually many tons of it were throun
into the Thames as useless, the quantity brought to this country being so much more than
was required for medical purposes. It has become very valuable since its application by
the tallow-chandlers ; by whom, in the manufacture of candles, it is mixed with tallow or
wax, to render it lit for working ; pure spermaceti being exceedingly pliable when in tlie
solid state. — Transactions rf Society of Arts.
Spices, viz.: —
Cloves, lb.* . . . . .000
Tliere appear to be five varieties of the clove, viz. the ordinary cultivated clove ; the clove
called the Female Clove by the natives, which has a pale :^tem ; the Kiri, or ivory clove ;
the Royal clove, which is very scarce ; and the Wild clove. The three first are equally
valuable as spices, the Female being considered fittest for the distillation of essential oil.
The Wild clove has hardly any aromatic flavour, and is of course of no value. In almost
all the languages of the Arcliipelago the clove is known by one of these names, ChaiKjlich
and Buah-Lawiing. — Crawfurd.
Mace, lb,* . . . . . o 2 6
Tlie nutmeg tree is a native of the Molucca islands ; its fruit is about the size of a nectarine,
and includes the kernel or nutmeg, which is covered by its own shell, and this by what is
called mace. When the fruit is gathered, the mace is separated and dried in tlie sun ; the
nutmegs are then gently baked, taken out of their shells, and washed in lime-water. —
Brande. ' . ,
Pepper, lb.* . . . . . ^ t^Q^^-Q- 6
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 32, no abatement of duties shall be "made on
account of any damage received by pepper.
It shall be lawful for the commissioners of customs to accept the abandon-
ment, for the duties, of any quantity of warehoused pepper, and to cause or
permit thtf same to be destroyed, and to deduct such quantity of pepjier from
the total quantity of the same importation, in computing the amount of
the deficiency of such total quantity. 3 and 4 WilhlV., c. 57, § 33.
There are no fewer than forty-one kinds of pepper. A Balavian naturalist of the name of
Blumelias written a description of them, accompanied with plates. — Uiirary Gazette.
This plant grows wild in India, but its fruit does not attain perfecliou witliout care and
culture. It is grown with many precautions and with much success in Java, Malacca,
and Sumatra, whence the European market is almost exclusively supplied. — Brande.
The east coast of the tiulf of Siam, from the latitude of 10^ to that of 12i north, aflbrds an
extensive produce of pepper. + — Asiatic Journal.
Capsicum, or Guinea Pepper, is more used as a sance, and in pickle, than in physic, being
frequently put into fish-sauce, or into any thing that is flatulent and windy ; for whicli
purpose it is ordered divers ways, either green or ripe, pickled or rubbed to powder with
ss\{..—i'hamhers.
Malagueta is the native name for a small species of capsicum, the most biting and pungent
of all peppers. — Dr. JFiilsh.
Long Pep/icr. — This pepjier difl'ers little in flavour, and nothing in medicinal properties, from
black pepper. It is native in Bengal, where the spikes are gathered in an immature slate,
and dried in the sun. — Hrandc.
JVhite Pepper. — The relative value of black and white pepper is but imperfectly understood.
The former is decidedly the better. It grows in long small clusters of from 20 to 50 grains.
When ripe it is of a bright red colour. After being gathered it is spread on mats iu the
sun, when it loses its red colour, and becomes black and shrivelled as we see it. White
pepper is of two sorts, common and genuine. The former is made by blanching the grains
of the common black pepper, by steeping them for awhile in water, and then gently
•6and7Will. IV., C.60.
t The President of the Board of Trade (the late Mr. Huskisson), in his speech in tlie
House of Commons, on Friday, June 17, 1825, said, the original cost of pepper was about
5d.per lb. The whole consumption of the United Kingdom was not more than 1,200,000 lb.
a-year, which did not exceed a proportion of about an ounce and a quarter to every indivi-
dual of our population.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— DM^/e*, ^^c. 123
Spices, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
rubbing them, so as to remove the dark outer coat. It is milder than the ofncr, and much
prized by the Chinese, but very little is imported into England. Genuine, white pepper is
merelv the blighted or imperfect grains picked from among the heaps of black pepper. It is,
of course, very inferior. In the Singapore Chionicle it is stated that the average annual
quantity of pepper obtained from diffeient countries is 46,066,666 lb. avoirdupois. — Ed.
Pimento, lb.* . . . . .003
Pimento has an aromatic agreeable odour, resembling that of a mixture of cinnamon, clove:*,
and nutmegs, with the warm pungent taste of the cloves; qualities which reside chiefly in
the cortical part of the dried berry. — T/iotnson.
The leaves and bark of the allspice tree are full of aromatic inflammable particles, on account
of which the growers are extremely cautious not to suffer any tire to be made near
the walks, for if it once catch the trees, they consume with great rapidity. Pimento is
called Allspice from the berries smelling and tasting like cloves, juniper- berries, cinnamon,
and pepper, or rather a mixture of them all. — Mirror.
Spirits or Strong Waters of all sorts, viz. : —
For every gallon of such spirits or strong waters of
any strength not exceeding the strength of proof by
Sykes's hydrometer, and so in pi'oportion fur any greater
strength than the strength of proof, and for any greater
or less quantity than a gallon, viz.
■ Not being Spirits or Strong Waters, the produce of
B. P. in America, or B. P. within the limits of the East
India Company's charter, and not being sweetened spirits,
or spirits mixed with any article, so that the degree of
strength thereof cannot be exactly ascertained by such
hydrometer . . . . . .12 6
Spirits or Strong Waters, the produce of B. P. in
America, not being sweetened spirits or spirits so mixed
as aforesaid . . . . ..090
As to charging the duty on Warehoused Rum, see next
page.
• Spirits T)r Strong Waters, the produce of B. P. within
the limits of the East India Company's Charter, and not
being sweetened spirits or spirits mixed as aforesaid . 0 15 0
Spirits, Cordials, or Strong Waters, respectively, (not
being the produce of B. P. in America,) sweetened or
mixed with any article, so that the degree of strength
thereof cannot be exactly ascertained by such hydrometer 1 10 0
Spirits, Cordials, or Strong Waters respectively, being
the produce of B. P. in America, sweetened or mixed with
any article, so that the degree of strength thereof cannot
be exactly ascertained by such hydrometer . . 10 0
Rum shrub, however sweetened, the produce of and
imported from B. P. in America, the gallon . . 0 9 0
Spirits prohibited to be imported on pain of forfeiture, under tlie following-
circumstances, viz. : —
not being perfumed or medicinal spirits, viz. : —
all spirits, unless in ships of seventy tons or upwards.
Rum of and from the British plantations, if in casks, unless in casks
containing not less than twenty gallons.
all other spirits, if in casks, unless in casks containing not less than
forty gallons. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, ^S 58.
By 6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 60, § 4, the said restrictions shall not extend to any
such spirits in casks of not less than twenty gallons.
Spirits from the Isle of Man prohibited to be imported for home use on pain
of forfeiture, but may be warehoused for exportation only. 3 and 4 \Vili.
IV., c. 52, ^S 58, 59, 60.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, § 2, Brandy, being the produce of Europe, shall
not be imported into the United Kingdom to be used tfterri/i, except in
British ships, or in ships of the cotuitry of which the goods are the produce,
or in ships of the country from which the goods are imported.
*6and 7 Will. IV., c. 60.
124 . UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.->Z)m/<>5,c5'(7. - [1837-8.
Spirits, continued, viz. : — ' £ s. d.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 123, the same instruments, and the same tables
and scales of graduation, and the same rules, as the officers of excise shall
by any law in force for the time being be directed to use in trying and ascer-
taining the strengths and quantities of spirits made within the United
Kingdom, for the purpose of collecting the duties of excise thereon, shall
be used by the officers of customs in trying and ascertaining the strength
and quantities of spirits imported into the United Kingdom, for the purpose
of computing the duties of customs thereon.
As to Certificato of Produce, see Coffee, page 62.
— — — It shall be lawful in the warehouse to draw oif and
mix with any Wine any Brandy secured in the same
warehouse, not exceeding the proportion of ten gallons of
Brandy to one hundred gallons of wine ; and also in the
warehouse to fill up any casks of spirits from any other
casks of the same, secured in the same warehouse, under
such regulations as the commissioners of customs may
from time to time require. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57,
§31, 32.
JFMei-.— ny C. O., July 24, 1829, with reference to §38 of the act of 6 Geo. IV., c. 107, it
appears that two gallons and a half of British proof spirits, the excise diUy on wliich, of 7s.
per gallon, amounts to I'/S. fid., are required for tlic manufacture of one gallon of etlier;
and it is directed to charge ether imported from the islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderuey,
Sark, or Man, under the regulations of the said act, with a countervailing duty of 17«. 6rf.
per gallon.
By C. O.. February 16, 1827i the strength of spirits imported in bottles is to be charged to
one-tenth of a gallon.
' Liqueurs, the produce of, and imported from B. P.
in Amerfca, viz. : —
> not being of greater strength than the strength of
proof by Sykes's hydrometer, the gallon . , ,090
• being of greater strength, the gallon , , 0 13 6
(4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89.)
Spirits or strong waters imported into the United Kingdom, mixed with any
ingredient, and although thereby coming under some other denomination,
■ shall nevertheless be deemed to be spirits or strong waters, and be subject to
a duty as such. § 13.
Packages. — Whereas the importation of rum of and from the British planta-
tions, if in casks, is restricted to casks containing not less than twenty
gallons, and the importation of all other spirits, not being perfumed or
medicinal spirits, if in casks, is restricted to casks containing not less than
40* gallons, and it is expedient to prevent the evasion of such restriction.s,
by persons using cases, vessels, or other packages not being strictly casks,
hut available for the purposes of casks ; it is therefore enacted, that the
said restrictions shall be construed to apply to all cases, vessels, or pack-
ages whatsoever capable of containing liquids, and not being glass bottles,
iu like manner as the same now apply to casks ; and that such cases,
vessels, or packages shall be, for the purposes of such restrictions, deemed
to be casks within the meaning of the said act.
Jersey, ifc.— By C. O., March 11, 1834, spirits from Jersey and Guernsey may be imported
into the United Kingdom in vessels of the burthen of 70 tons and upwards, whether square-
rigged or not.
Accidetit. — It shall be lawful for tl>e commissioners of customs to remit or
return the duties payable or paid on the whole or any portion of spirits or
other fluid which shall be lost by any unavoidable accident in the warehouse
in which the same shall have been deposited imder the provisions of any
act for the warehousing of goods. 4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89,
Allowances, — The duties payable upon spirits when taken out of warehouse for
Home Usk shall be charged upon the quantities ascertained by the measure
or strength of the same actiia/li/ delivered, except that if the spirits (buing
any other spirits than Rum of the British Plantations) shall not be in a
• Now 20 gallons.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports— Dwi/e*. .$•(«. 125
Spirits, continued, viz. : —
warehouse of special security, no greater al)ateracnt on account of deficiency
of the quantity or strengtii first ascertained as aforesaid sli.iU be made
than shall be after the several rates of allowances following, viz. :
For every 100 gallons, hydrometer proof, viz. : —
For any time not ex. G months . . . i 1 gallon.
Ex. 6 months, and not ex. 12 months . . 2 gallons,
Ex. 12 months, and not e.x. 18 months . . 3 gallons.
Ex. 18 months, and not ex. 2 years . . ,4 gallons.
Ex. 2 years . . . . .5 gallons.
(3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57, § 19.)
Minimum.— "Rw T. L., October 20, 1820, tlie duties in future are not to bo charfjetl on any
quantity less than a pint of ordinary drinkable spirits, of whatever stren^tli they may be,
or liair a pint of Eau de Cologne, or other cordial waters, or any medicated or perfumed
spirits or liqueurs, when imported in the baggage of passengers for private use.
Fractional Dcjiciencies. — By C. O., October 7, 1334, no charge is to be made on doficienciea
in warehoused spirits for any fractional part of a gallon, unless the same shall exceed live-
tenths of a ;;allon, either in the liquid quantity or in the strength, as the case may be.
Abalement of Quantitijor Strength. — l?y C. O., Oct. 13, 1834, the abatement on wine and spirits
removed coastwise, to be made either in the liquid quantity or strength, or in the quantity
or strength conjointly, as the case may be.
AHuwanre of Under-proof. — 15y C. O., Feb. 11, 1834, spirits deposited in warehouses of ordi-
nan/ security are entitled to the allowance of under proof that may have been ascertained
on their first examination, exclusive of any further abatement to which tlie same may bu
entitled under tlie Warehousing Act.
T'atted Rum.— ]iy C. O,, May 20, 1829. and Aug. 29, 1834, B. P. rum vatted in London may be
removed to the outports under bond for eitlier exportation or home consumption.
By C. O., Sept. 3, 1835, the regulations permitting rum to be vatted in London for home con-
sumption are extended to alt rum removed to out ports, which liad been vatted there, or at
any otlier port at which the operation is allowed. The rum to be delivered out of ware-
house in legal quantities, and the import marks effaced from the casks.
By CO., June 20, 1837, the following regulations are to be observed in respect of British
Plantation Spirits vatted under bond in warehouses not of special security, viz. all decreases
before vatting to be carried forward to the new vatting account. Tlie duty not to be
charged for decreases until the clearance of the goods, either for home use or for export-
ation ; and such part of the decrease as shall be apportioned to the packages for clearance
to be then charged, subject to the following allowances : — On British Plantation Spirits,
the allowance of any lots not considered by the landing surveyor as excessive, unless in
cases of suspicion that abstraction has taken place.
Samples of Bunded Spirits. — By V. O., Feb. 10, 1836, the practice of permitting the return of
samples into casks of spirits render boiul discontinued. When spirits are cleared for
home use, two samples free of duty allowed, viz. one at the time of importation, and ii
second for the purpose of sale ; and a further sample duty free allowed, if entered for
exportation.
Licenses may be granted to any person to sell beer, spirits, and wine, in any
theatre established under a royal patent, or in any theatre or other place
of public entertainment, duly licensed, without the production of a certi-
ficate for such person to keep an inn or victualling house. 5 and 6 Will.
IV., c. 39. [Aug. 31, 1835.]
Alcohol. — Tlie term applied by chemists to the purely spirituous part of liquors that have'
undergone the vinous fermeutation. It is in all cases the product of the saccharine
principle, and is formed by the successive processes of vinous fermentation and distillation.'
Various kinds of anient spirits are commonly known as brandy, rum, arr.ack, malt spirit, ami
the like ; these dilfer from each other in colour, smell, taste, and strengtii ; but the spiritu-
ous part, to which they owe their inflammability, their hot liery taste, and their intoxicating
quality, is the s.ame in each, and may be procured in its purest state by a second distillation,
which is technically termed Rentijication. Alcohol is procured principally in this country
from a fermented grain liquor, but in France, and other wine countries, the spirit is obtained
from the distillation of wine ; hence the term Spirit of ff^ine, which it sometimes bears.—
Alcohol is a colourless, transparent liquor, appearing to the eye like pure water. It
possesses a peculiarly penetrating smell, distinct from the proper odour of the distillcil
spirit from which it is procured. Its uses are many and important ; it is employed as a
solvent for those resinous substances which form the basis of numerous varnishes; it is
employed also as the basis of artificial cordials and liquors, to which a flavour land ad-
ditional taste are given by jiarticular admixtures ; it serves as a solvent for the more activi!
parts of vegetables, under the form of tinctures. The antiseptic power of alcohol renders it
particularly valuable in preserving particultir parts of the liody as anatomical specimens.
The steady and uniform heat which it gives during combustion makes it a valuable material
for burning in lamps. — Ed.
Arquchusade Jfatcr. — A distilled water, applied to a bruise or wound. — Johnson.
Hungary Water.— .\ distilled water prepared from the tops of flowers of rosemary, sodenomi-
naled from a (pieen of Hungary, for whose use it was flrst made. — Kiici/. Britnn.
Lavender Ji^ater .—\\\v,\.i is sold I'mder the name of Lavend ^r Water is, with very few excep-
tions, not a distilled spirit, but an alcoholic solution of oil of lavender, to whicli other scents
are occasionally added. Each manufacturer has generally his own recipe.— ZJrande,
126 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Dm/zV*. ^c. [1837-8.
Spirits, continued, vis. : — £ s. d.
Usquebaugh. — A strong compound liquor, chiefly taken by way of dram. — Ency. Britan.
Jrrack.— An anient spirit obtained by distillation from the external pulp of diflferent species
of palms, or from rice which has been fermented. At Goa and in Ceylon tlie arrack is
distilled from toddy, the fluid obtained from cocoa-nut and palmyra, by an incision near
the top of the tree. At Batavia arrack is distilled from paddi or rice in the husk. Good
arrack should be clear, yellow, of a strong smell and taste, and have at least 52 to 54 per
cent, of alcohol. Thit made at Goa and thrice rectified is the best.— £ncv. Metrop.
Brandy.— GkoX. quantities are distilled at Uourdeaux, Rochelle, Cogniac, and in the depart-
ment of the Charente, the Isle of Rhe, Orleans, Blois, Poictiers, Angiers, Tours, Nantes,
Burgundy, ( hampagne, and Montpellier. In these districts, besides the brandy Irom wine,
a great deal is made from eider, syrup, and molasses, in most places where there are sugar
houses. A sjirit resembling whiskey is also made from the fruit of the sloe-tree. The
practice is of early date, and was introduced by the Italians, who also, in the year 1630,
invented the well known drink of lemonade. — Morewoud.
It is stated that the berries of the service-tree (Sorbus acuparia) are now used in the north
of France for distillation, and the result is said to be equal to the purest distillation Irom
gra|)es for brandy. This spirit has none of the fiery and unwholesome properties of spirit
distilled from grain ; and as the berries could be extensively cultivated in England, it
might be made a profitable branch of industry — Lit. Gaz.
Citran TVater. — A well-known strong water or cordial, made of lemon and orange peel, spirit
of wine, &c., mixed with water. — Ed.
Geneva. — Although in Holland, as in Switzerland, the quantity of grain reared is inadequate
to the consumption of its inhabitants, yet there are few countries better supplied with that
necessary of life. From Russia, Poland, Elbing, Koningsberg, and Flanders, are drawn
those immense resources, which not only enable the Dutch to export large quantities, but
to distil to great extent. It has been calculated that the annual produce of spirits in the
Dutch distilleries is nothing short of 14,000,€00 of gallons, 4,560,000 of which are consumed
in the country. — Murewuud.
British Gin has now very nearly superseded the use of the foreign article in this country.
The houses of Sir Felix Booth, in London, and of Messrs. Castles, Edwards and Co., in
Bristol, as well as many others, stand very high in the manufacture of British Gin. — Ed.
Rum. — In the West Indies we find the distillation of ardent spirits carried on to an extent
not siupassed within the same limits of territory in any other quarter of the world. The
molasses, from which the rum is principally made, are the syrup of the sugar. The richness
of flavour peculiar to this spirit, which has rendered it famous in almost all parts of the
world, is supposed to be derived from the raw juice and the fragments of the sugar-cane,
which are mashed and fermented with the other materials in the tun. The planters, it is
said, often improve it by the addition of pine-apple juice.
JFItisliey. — .\ term signifying water, and applied in the highlands and islands of Scotland
and in Ireland to strong water or distilled liquor. The spirit drank in the North is drawn
from barley, and is said to be preferable to any English malt brandy. — Chambers.
It has recently been imported occasionally from the West Indies. The great distinction
between rum and whiskey is, that rum is a sugar spirit, and whiskey a corn spirit. — Ed.
As to Bottling Spirits, see Wine.
Sponge, lb. . . . . . .006
the produce of and imported from B. P., lb. . 0 0 1
By C. O., May 1835, no allowance for sand, dirt, or other extraneous matter, unless for such
as may exceed 7 I'c cent.
A soft, light, very porous, and compressible substance, readily imbibing water, and distend-
ing thereby. It is found adhering to rocks, particularly in the Mediterranean Sea, about
the islands' of the .'Vrchipelago. It was formerly supposed to be a vegetable production, but
is now classed among the zoophytes ; and analyzed, it yields the same principles with
animal substances in general. — Ure.
Divers fur Sponge. — The inhabitants of almost all the islands on this part of the coast of Asia
Minor subsist by diving for the sponges which are found in great abundance on the sunken
rocks, in the vicinity of their coasts. When taken up fresh it is covered with a gelatinous
epidermis, said to he the flesh of the animal, and has a strong fishy smell. It is immedi-
ately immersed for some hours in warm water, till this coating detaches itself, anil leaves
within the porous vesicles which form the sponge of commcice.— Letters frotn tlie .Mgcan.
Squills, dried, cwt. . . . . .080
■ not dried, cwt. . . . . .010
This bulbous mot is imported from the Levant packed in wet sand ; it has a nauseously bitter
and very acrid flavour, and is generally cut into slices and dried for pharmaceutical use. —
Brande,
Starch, cwt. . . . . . . 9 10 0
the produce of and imported from B. P. in Ame-
rica, cwt. . . . . . .010
starch is a most nutritious substance, and being tasteless, admits of being characterised by
any flavour that is most palat.ible. The starch which is found in some tropical plants is
indeed esteemed so valuable, that it is washed out of them and brought into Europe as a deli-
cacy ; thus, Indian arrow- toot is starch procured from the root of a plant which is cultivated in
the West Indies. Sago is obtained from the pith, or rather the central part of the stem, of
several species of palm-tree; tapioca, from the root of a plant common in South America,
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z»mie*, ^c. 127
Stavch, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
and many oUievs might bo mentioned. Sago, however, is partly gelatinised by the degree
ijf heat in wliicli it is dried ; and there seem to be otlier differences in the qualities of the
starch produced from different plants and in different climates, though they all a},nee in
chemical composition, and in being tasteless and highly nutritive. — Quarterti/ Journal of
Agriculture.
Stcivesacre, cwt. . . . . . .040
This species of larks))ur is a bieuuial plant, a native of the south of Europe. Stavesacre seeds
have very little odour, but that little is disagreeable ; their taste is bitter, acrid, and hot.
They are yellowish within, and covered with a rough blackish cuticle, — Thonison.
Mr. Hofschlaeger of Bremen, has discovered, in the seeds of Stavesacre, a new acitL It is
white, crystalline, volatile at a low temi)erature, and a small quantity of it excites violent
vomiting. — Journal de Pharmacie.
Steel, unwrought, prepared in and imported from B. P. in
Asia, Africa, or i\merica, ton . . . ,010
or any Manufactures of Steel not otherwise enumer-
ated, 100/. val. . . . . . 20 0 0
Forged iron placed in contact with carbonaceous substances, and again softened by the action
of the fire the moment it enters into combination with these substances, or rather with the
carbon which they contain, is converted into steel. The operation of tempering which steel
undergoes does not change its nature ; it only varies the arrangement and aggregation of
its particles; it augments at once its hardness, its brittleness, and its volume, and gives it
a coarser grain than that of steel not tempered. Thus the difference between cast iron,
forged iron, and steel, deoends on two principles, namely, oxygen and carbon : their union
constitutes cast iron ; the absence of both, at least in a perceptible quantity, characterises
forged iron ; and in steel, carbon exists alone without oxygen. — Malte Brun.
Stibium. See Antimony, p. 48.
Sticks, viz., Walkina: Sticks. See Canes, p. 57.
Stockings, Silk, having been worn. See Baggage, p. 50.
Stone, Burrs for Mill-stones, 100 . . . 0 10 0
Burrs for millstones are generally imported from France, and sometimes from the islands of
Guernsey, Jersey, Alderuey, Sark, and Man. — JSd.
Churches and Chapels, Stone used in the building
of, see Churchcs,-p. 60.
Dog, not ex. four feet in diameter, above six and
under twelve inches in thickness, pair . . .036
Dog-stones are a smaller description of mill-stones. — Ed.
Emery, ton . . . . ,010
Emeiy is an oxide of iron, intimately united with the basis of alum and with silex. This sub-
stance is valuable in the arts, on account of its great hardness. By bruising it in steel mills
it is reduced to a powder, whose sharp and hard particles can, by the application of friction,
give a polish to all existing substances, except the diamond. — Matte Brun.
Filtering, 100/. val. . . . . 50 0 0
Flint, Felspar, and other Stones for Potters . Free,
The extensive use of flint in consequence of its property of striking fire with steel, as gun
flints, is well known. Flints are employed also as a substitute for quartz in the manufacture
of glass and porcelain, and in the falirication of smalt. The coarser kinds, or such as are
perforated and carious, are applied to the purposes of building and mill-stones. Sometimes
the colours and the polish of flint are so fine as to have brought it into use in jewellery. —
Ency. Britan.
Grave-stones of Marble, viz.: —
Polished, each not more than two feet square,
foot sq. superficial measure . . . .026
Unpolished, foot sq, superficial measure . 0 0 10
Grave-stones not of marble, Pohshed or Unpolished,
foot sq. superficial measure . . . .006
By C. O., Jan 19, 1822, it is stated that it is the London practice to charge duty on gravestones
by the superjicinl foot only, if tlieir thickness does not exceed two inches, and if above that
thickness by the cubic foot.
• Limestone . , . . . Free.
Malta blocks or 'slabs.— Hy T. O., Oct. 2, 1835, mav be admitted free of dutv in the same
manner as marble.
Limestone forms very extensive stratiform mountains, and is usually met with along with
coal and sandstone. It is very abundant in Saxony, Bohemia, Sweden, France, Switzer-
land, aiul Britain. The Magnesian Limestone is abundant in Yorkshire and Nottingham-
128 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— 2)M^/e5, cj-c. [1837-8.
Stone, continued, viz. : — £ . d.
shire. The uses of limestniie for the purposes of buiUUng, and, when reduced to the sl;ite
of quicklime, to form the basis of mortar, as well as in various arts, are well known. This
variety of limestone, wlien susceptible of a polish, furnishes marbles ; which name, al-
though it be applied to very different stones which are susceptible of a polish, and are fit fur
sculpture, or ornuraental architecture, is frequently applied to limestone of this description.
— Ency. Britan.
• Marble, rough. Blocks or Slabs . . . Free.
By T. C, June 30, 1835, it appears blocks can be converted into slabs only by sawing: all
slabs are to be deemed roujjh slabs if they have been cut from a rough block, and have
undergone no polishing subseijuent to the sawing.
Marble in any way manufactured, (except Grave-
stones and Paving Stones, each not more than two feet
.square,) cwt. , . . . . .030
Marble Paving, each not more than two feet sq. viz. : —
Polished, foot sq. superficial measure . 0 0 10
Rough, foot sq. superficial measure . ,006
Marble, in common language, is the name applied to all sorts of polished stones employed in
the decoration of monuments and public eilifices, or in tlie construction of private houses ;
but, among the materials thus made use of, it is necessary jto distinguish the true marbles
from those stones which have no just title to such a designation. In giving a short but
univers.ll cliaracter of marble, it may be said that it effervesces with dilute acid, and is ca-
pable of being scratched with fluor, while it easily maiks gypsum. These properties will
separate it at ouce from the granites, porphyries, and silicious pudding-stones, with which
it has been confounded on one side, and from the gypseous alabaster on the other. From
the hard rocks having been formerly included under the marbles, comes the adage, " hard
us marble."
Parian marble; its colour is snow-white, inclining to yellowish-white; it is fine, granular,
and, when polished, has somewhat of a waxy appearance.
Penteliean marble, from Mount Pentelicus, near Athens, resembles very closely the pre-
ceding, but is more compact an<l finely granular.
Carrara marble is of a beautiful white colour, but is often traversed by grey veins, so that it is
difficult to procure large blocks wholly free from them. It is not subject to turn yellow, as
the Parian. This marble, which is almost tlie only one used by modern sculptors, was also
quarried and wrought by the ancieuts.
Hfd antique marble. — This marble, according to .intiquaries, is of a deep blood-red colour,
here and there traversed by veins of white, aud, if closely inspected, appears to be sprinkled
over with minute white dots, as if it were strewed with sand. Another variety of this marble
is of a very deep red without veins, of which a specimen may be seen in the Indian Bacchus ,
in the Royal Museum of Paris.
Orfen anii^ue mnrWa is an indeterminate mixture of white marble and green serpentine. It
has a black ground, in which are imbedded fragments or portions of a greyish-white, of
a deep red, or of a purple wine colour. This is one of the mo.st beautiful marbles hitherto
found, aud has a superb effect when accompanied with gilt oruaments. — Partingtoft's Cyr.lo.
Mill, above four feet in diameter, or if twelve inches
in thickness or upwards, pair . . . .118 0
France was considered formerly to produce the best Mill-stones : but tliose of Nortli Wales
are now found equally good. — Ed.
Paving, not of Marble, 100 feet sq. superficial mea-
0 12 0
In Britain, the pavement of the grand streets, &c. is usually of Hint, or rubble slone ; courts,
stables, kitchens, &c. are paved with tiles, bricks, flags, or (ire-stoue ; more frequently with
a kind of freestone aud ragstone. — Ency. Britan.
Pebble ...... Free.
Pebble Stoues are collected from the sea-beach, mostly brought from the islands of Guern-
sey and Jersey : they are very durable, indeed the most so of any used for paving.— iVicj/.
Britati.
Polishing, lOOZ. val. . . . ,500
Pumice, ton , . . . .050
Kear Home Pumices arc most .abundant, which are sought in vain on the mountains of ,41bano
iiud Tuscolo; and they become much nu>re abundant as we proceed northward from
Rome. Most of the jmmice of commerce comes from Lipari. — Brewster's Edinburgh Journ.
Quern, under three feet in diameter, and not ex. six
inches in thickness, pair . . . .089
three feet in diameter, and not above four feet
in diameter, and not ex. six inches in thickness, pair . 0 17 6,
Quern stones are a description of grind stones, aud iucmorc i'artigularW used for hand-mills.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Di^^/V,?, ^-c. 129
Stones, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Rag, 100/. val. . . . . .2000
Rag-stones are fossils cliiefly found iu EiigUind, ,inil ;ue uscil for sharpening tools. — Ed.
Sculptured or Mosaic Work, cwt. . . . 0 2 G
If any statue, group of figueis, or otlier stone or marble ornament, carved out
of the same block, shall exceed one ton weight, the duty to be charged
then-on shall be estimated at the rate payable for one ton weight, and
no more.
By T I.., Nov 5, 1832, witli a view of encouraging a^i rrmoh as possible the school of H vitish
Artists, Works ol Sculptm-i^ are to be adniitted uniler the same regulations as are at present
applicable to the adrnission of Paintings IVora the Conlinent. See p. 101.
liiff/it and Properti/ of Sru/pturp, Models, tye. — Every person who shall make
iiny new and original sculpture, or model, or lopy, or cast of the human
figure, or of any bust, or of anv part of the hiunun tigure, clothed m dra-
pery, or otherwise, or of any animal, or of any [)art of any animal combined
witu the human figure, or otherwise, or of any subject being matter of
invention in sculpture, or of any alto or basso-relievo representing ;iny of the
things hereinbefore mentioned, or any cast of the things hereinbefore men-
tioned, whether separate or combined, shall have tlie sole right and projierty
ot the same, for the term of fourteen years, from first putting forh or pub-
lishing the same; provided, in eveiycase, that the proprietor do cause his
name, with the date, to be put on every such sculpture, model, copy, or
cast, before the same shall be put forth or published. 54 Geo. III., c. 56. § I.
Piranng,or lUfgalJi) Importing. — If any person shall, within such term of four-
teen years, import any pirated copy or pirated cast of any such sculpture, or
model, or copy, or cast, to the detriment of the proprietor of any such works
so pirated: tiien the proprietor, or his assignee, may by a special action
upon the case to be brought against the person so oti'ending, receive such
damages as a jury, on a trial of the action, shall give or a,ssess, together with
double costs of suit. § 3.
Purchasers uf Copyrights. — No person who shall hereafter purchase the riijht or
property of any sculpture, or model, or copy, or cast, or of any of the things
protected by this Act, of the proprietor, shall be subject to any action for
the same. ^ -1.
Additi'inal Term. — From the expiration of the said term of fourteen years, tlie
sole right of any of the things hereinbefore mentioned, shall return to the
person who originally made the same, if he be then living, for the further
term of fourteen years, excepting in the case where such pers<in shall by sale
or otherwise have diverted himself of such right of maknig or disposing of
the same. ^ 6,
Then sculptnre and her sister arts revive,
Stones leapd to form, and rocks began to live. — Pope.
Apollo Belvidere is esteemed by most artists as the snblimest specimen of anc'ent art which
has survived to modern times. This statue is a standing iigure, almost naked, and more
tlian seven feet in height. — Ency. Metrop.
A statue ot Venus has been excavated at lionavia, in the neighbourhood of Syracuse. In
beauty of form and purity of execution, it is said to excel tliat of Medicis. Unfortunately
the head is wanting, but, as it is, the statue measures six palms four inches in height. It
has been placed in the Syracuse Museum. — Foreign Rev.
Slates, not Otherwise enumerated, 100/. val. . 66 10 0
Slates in Fraiiies, doz. . . . .030
h-late for drawing is found in Italy, where it is an object of commerce. It is also found in
Spain, France, and some parts of Scotland. It is employed like black chalk in drawing.
Whet Slate was originally brought from the Levant ; but has since been uiscovered in Bohe-
mia, Saxony, in bayreuth, wliere it is wrought, and in Siberia.
Whet Slate, as its name imports, is cut and polished for the purpose of sharpening knives,
and other instruments ; and, reduced to powder is employed in polishing steel.
Clay Slate is very abinulant in most countries; it is not unliequent in many parts of Scot-
la-, d ; but the slate of Easdale, and the contiguous islands on the wesi coast, has Ion"
maintained a decided superiority and preference to all others in this countrv.
Clay Slate is in extensive use for covering houses, and then it is known in this country by the
single word slate. It is also employed in large plates lor writing on, or tracing characters
that are afterwards to be effaced. — Ency. Britan.
To judge of the goodness of slate, Mr. Colepress, in the Philosophical Transnctions, orders it
to be knocked against any hard body, to make it yield a sound; if the sound be good and
clear, the stone is fu'm and good : ot"herwi»e, it is friable and soft. — Chambers.
130 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z)M/ie5, 4-c. [1837-8.
Stones, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Slick, 100 . . . . .080
Slick, or Sleek Stones, are a species of smootliing stoues. — Ed.
Stone to be used for the purpose of Lithography . Free.
Lithography, tlie art or practice of engraving upon stones. — Johnson.
The map prefixed to this Journal is drawn on stone. — Ed. .
Whet Stones, 100 . . . . .089
Whet stones are so called because they serve for the whetting of edge-tools upon. — Ency.
Brilan.
Stones not particularly enumerated, nor otherwise
charged with duty, 1 00/. val. . . . . 20 0 0
Precious. See Jewels.
Storax or Styrax. See Gum, p. 78.
Stores, Mihtary. See Baggage, p. 50.
Straw or Grass for Platting, cwt. . . . .001
Stuffs. See Silk, p. 113. ~
It shall be lawful i'or the commissioners of customs to permit any
stuffs or fabrics of silk, linen, cotton, or wool, or of any mixture of them
with any other material, to be taken out of the warehouse to be cleaned,
refreshed, dyed, stained, or calendered, or to be bleached or printed,
without payment of duty of customs, under security, nevertheless, by
bond to their satisfaction, that such goods shall be returned to tlie
warehouse within the time that they shall appoint. 3 and 4 Will IV..
c. 57. § 35.
Succades, produce of or imported from anv foreign coun-
try, lb. . . . . . " .006
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. GO.)
produce of and imported from B. P., lb. . .001
Apricots, Peaches, and Pears preserved, — By O. C, April 19, 1836, Fruits preserved by susar,
whether in a liquid state or not are succades, and are cliavgeablo as such, unless otherwise
charged by name.
Plums preserved are particularly rated; and as the apricot is a species of plum, apricots, iii
whatever way preserved, may be entered under the generic denomination. There is also a
particular rati lor dried pears ; and if the pears are in a dry state, although some sugar may
have been used in their preservation, the particular rate must prevail.
Peaches are not named in the table, and although dry, if sugar has been the material of their
preservation, they must be treated as succades.
As to plums, dried or preserved, see p. 102.
Succades, another name for sweetmeats or preserves, are brought in great perfection from the
East and West Indies. — £d
There is, perliaps, no country where the inhabitants live so much upon sweetmeats as in
Versia. The finest is the Guzangabeen, made of the honey of the guz or tamarisk tree,
mixed with some flour and sugar. — Sir John Malcolm.
Succus Liquoritise. See Liquorice Juice, p. 87.
Sugar.* Brown or Muscovado or Clayed Sugar, not being
refined, cwt. . . . .330
Growth of B. P. in America, and imported
thence, cwt. . . . .14 0
• Growth of B. P. within the limits of the East
India Company's charter, into which the
Importation of Foreign Sugar may be by
this Act prohibited, and imported thence,
cwt. . . . . .14 0
Growth of any other B. P. within those
limits, and imported thence, cwt.
Melasses, cwt. .....
produce of and imported from anyB. P., cwt,
Refined, cwt. .....
— Candy, Brown, cwt, ....
White, cwt. ....
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 26.)
* By 1 Vict. c. 27, 5 1, the duties imposed on sugar are continued until July 5, 1838
1
12
0
1
3
9
0
9
0
8
8
0
5
12
0
8
8
0
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Z>w<^>y, ^c 131
Sugar, continued, viz. : —
EAST INDIA SUGAR.
Foreign Sugar into certain British Possessions. — From December 1, 1836, it
shall not be lawful to import into any part of the Presidency of Fort
William in Bengal, or of any DependL'Ucy thereof, beinj^ a British Posses-
sion, any Foreign Sugar, nor any Sugar the growth of any British Possession
into which Foreign Sugar can be legally imported, except into such districts
or provinces of the said Presidency or of the Dependencies thereof as shall
be a])pointed by the Governor General of India in Council. ^ 3.
Sugar ?iot at a lotcer Rale of Dtitij, — No Sugar the produce of any district or
province in respect of which any such orders shall be issued shall be im-
ported into any part of the United Kingdom at the lower rate of duty pro-
posed by this Act. § 4.
Certificate of Origin. — Before any sugar shall be entered as being of the
produce of any of the provinces composing the presidency of Fort William, in
Bengal, or of any of the ilependencies thereof, being a British Possession, at
the lower rate of duty fixed by this Act, the master of the ship importing the
same shall deliver to the Collector or Comptroller of Customs at the Port of
Importation a certificate under the hand and seal of the Collector of Sea
Customs of the port where such sugar was taken on board within the limits
of the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal, or of any of the dependencies
thereof, being a British Possession, testifying that there had been produced
to him by the shipper of such sugar a certificate under thehnnd and seal of
the Collector or Assistant Collector of the Land or Custom Revenue of the
district within which such sugar was produced that such sugar was of the
produce of the district, and that the importation into such district of foreign
sugar, or sugar the growth of any British Possession into which foreign
sugar can be legally imported, is prohibited ; which certificate so granted
by the Collector of Sea Customs shall state the name of the districts in
which such sugars were produced, their quantity and quality, the number
and denomination of the packages containing the same, and the name of
the ;ship in which they are laden, and of the master t"liereof; and such
master shall also make a declaration before the Collector or Comptroller
that such certificate was received by him at the place where such sugar
was takei^ on board, and that the sugar so imported is the same as is men-
tioned therein. § 5.
fVhat Persons may give Certificates. — It shall be lawful for the Governor
General of India in council to appoint any officers, other than the Collector
and Assistant Collector of Land Revenue and the Collector of Customs, to
give such certificates. ^ 6.
Sugar the Growth of certain British Possessions. — If at any time satisfactory proof
shall have been laid before Her Majesty in Council that the importation of
foreign sugar into any British Possessions within the limits of the East
India Company's charter is prohibited, it shall be lawful for Her Majesty,
by Order in Council to be published from time to time in the JjmduH
Gazette, to allow the importation of sugar, the growth of any such British
possession, at the lower rate of duty in the foregoing Act specified, in like
manner and under the same restrictions and conditiuns as sugar the growth
of the Presidency of Fort William in Bengal may be imported subject to a
lower rate of duty under the provisions of the said Act, 1 Victoria, c. 27.
Before any sugar shall be entered as being the produce of any B. P. within
the limits of the East India Coinpany's Charter, the master of the ship
importing the same shall deliver to the collector or comptroller a certi-
ficate, under the hand and seal of the proper officer at the place where such
sugar was taken on board, testifying that proof had been made before him,
by the shipper of such sugar, that the same was really and bona file the
produce of such B. P. ; and such master shall also make and subscribe a
declaration before the collector or comiitroUer, that such certificate was
received by him at the jdace where such sugar was taki-n on board, and that
the sugar so imported is the same as is mentioned therein, 3 and 4 ^Vill.
IV., c. 5-_', § 38.
MAl'LK SUGAR.
By C. O, March 15, 1836, maple suyav, imported from Canada, to be admitted to entry as
the produce of a British plantation, provided it be certified by the proper ullicers of this
revenue, in the certificate of cleaiantc, that such sugar is the produce of Canada.
K 2
132 UNITED KINGDOM— Imports.— Dw^?>5, <^-c:. [1837-S.
Sugar, co?itinued, viz. : —
TARE ON B. p. SUGAR.
UnderScvvt 14 pev cent.
8 aud under 12 cwt .1 cwt. each cask.
12' . .15 1 1 12 Do.
15 . .17 1 2 0 Do.
17 and upwards .13 0 Do.
By C. O., Sept. 18.34, 121b. per cwt. allowed on Demerara Sugar in casks of pcculrar
structure. '
CERTIFICATE OF B. P. IN AMERICA, AND MAURITIUS SUGAR.
By 3 and 4 Will IV., c. 52, § 37, before any sugar shall be entered as beinj^ of
the produce of some B. P. in America, or the Island of Mauritius, the
master of the ship importing the same shall deliver to the collector or comp-
troller a certificate, under the hand of the proper officer, of the place where
such goods were taken on board, testifying that proof had been made in
manner required by law that such goods are the produce of some B. P. in
America, or of the Island of Mauritius, stating the name of the place where
such goods were produced, and the quantity and quality of the goods, and
the number and denomination of the packages containing the same, and the
name of the ship in which they are laden, and of the master thereof ; and
such master shall also make and subscribe a declaration before the col-
lector or comptroller, that such certificate was received by him at the place
where such goods were taken on board, and that the goods so imported are
the same as are mentioned therein.
Vacuum Pan Sugar.— By T. M ., Aug. 27, 1S33, it is stated, tliat, with respect to the Vacuum
Pan Sugar, my Lords are given to understand, that by a simple process of stoving only, it
can be brought into such a state as to be entitled to receive the drawback on exportation as
refined sugar; that, where such is the case, it is clearly impossible that this sugar can be
admitted at the lower duty of 24s. ; but that in cases where the sugar in question could not
be permitted to receive the drawback on exportation without any process of refining, my
Lords are of opinion that the Vacuum Pan Sugars may be justly admitted at the lower
duty.
ALLOWANCES.
The duties payable upon sugar, when taken out of warehouse for /lome use,
shall be charged upon the quantities ascertained by the weight of the same
actualbj delivered, except that if the sugar shall not be in a warehouse of
special security, no greater abatement on account of deficiency of the quan-
tity first ascertained as aforesaid shall be made than shall be after the rate
of three per centum of such quantity for the first three months, and one per
centum for every subsequent month during which such sugar shall have been
warehoused. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57, § 19.
Samples. — By C. C, Aug. 31, 1832, samples of sugar are not to be deemed deficiencies, but to
be chargeable with duty at the time of the delivery of the packages from which such sam-
ples may have been taken, as the samples on all other goods are (spirits excepted).
Sweepings. — The sweepings of the sugar warehouses may be charged with the melassos duty,
subject to such allowance for dirt, &c. mi.Ked therewith, as the proper officers shall consider
the sweepings entitled to.
Pe-iceujldng. — By T. L., Feb. 13, 1832, the re-weighing of sugar and melasses is dispensed
with, when taken out of warehouse for removal from one warehousing port to another;
provided the merchant, upon his taking the goods out of warehouse for removal, shall,
previous to such removal, declare that the goods are taken out and removed for home use
only, and give security to pay the duty according to the weight ascertained at the time of
removal.
By C. O., Oct. 1832, so much of the minute of July 10, 1830, and T. O. of Feb. 13, 1832, as
regards the re-weighing of sugar,;^removed coastwise, is rescinded.
CULTURE, &c.
The strongest proofs, carefully collected from the best authorities of ancient
and modern times, lead to the conclusion, that China was the first country
in which the sugar-cane was cultivated, aud its produce manufactured ;
and it is tolerably well ascertained, that the inhabitants of that country
enjoyed its use two thousand years before it was known and adopted ia
Europe.
In 14G(J,the use of sugar in England was confined to medicines and feasts, and
this continued until 1580, when it was brought from Brazil to Portugal, and
theuce to our country. — G, B, Porter's History of the Sugar Cane,
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Di///e5, ^'(T. 133
SvgplK, continued, vis. : — £ s. d.
The su^ar-cane may be considered as the iiroduction of the liigliest effort of the power of ve-
getatiou. ■ In almost all other plants, it is only dining the germination of the seed, tho
most active period of their lives, that the sweet principle is to be detected. In the cane it
it is at all times to be found, and that in ciuantities surpassing what exists in all other
plants put togetlier. The cane is a plant of a warm latitude, its growth being in propor-
tion to the heat of the climate, and the fertility of the soil. In the West India islands, it is
in the plains that the cane reaches all the perfections of which it is capable. Yet even
here, according to report, its size and luxuriance are inferior to what it attains in Madagas-
car, the Isle of France, and the districts of tlie cast, more immediately beneath the equa-
tor. Like all gramineous plants, it delights in rather a moist climate. When the rains,
liowever, are excessive, a rank luxuriance is the consequence, unfavourable to the matura-
tion of the plant, the juices it affords beiu" watery, and deficient in the saccharine principln
yielding on crystallization a dark-coloured sugar. It is a peculiarity of the sugar-cane in
the V/est India islands, that it refuses to jjerlect its seed. Ever since its cidtivatioii in the
island of Jamaica, it has bc^en raised from cuttings of the joints. By these innumerable
subdivisions it has been continued to tho present time, retaining all the characters and
peculiarities of the parent plant. There are, in reality, only a very few jdants in the
islands — the canes which cover our lields being strictly not distinct beings, but prolonga-
tions of a few individuals — their origin derived from the enlargement of one part removed
by division to another. The case is different in tlie east. Here we can point out few va-
rieties ; there along the banks of the Ganges, its native region, it perfects its seed, and
may be raised in this manner, presenting innumerable varieties, corresponding to what we
observe in all plants produced in this manner — the offspring seldom presenting a strict si-
milarity to its parent stock. — Dr. Macfaylen — Huoltefs Quarterly Butunual Miscellany.
fy kite or Clayed Sugar. — Muscovado sugar is the raw material whence the Hritish sugar-
bakers chiefly make their loaf or refined lump. There is another sort, which was formerly
much used in Great Britain for domestic purposes, and was generally known by the name
of Lisbon sugar. In the West Indies it is called clayed sugar. — Ure.
MRLASSES.
That gross fluid matter remaining of sugar after refining, and which no boiling will bring to
a consistence more solid than that of syrup ; hence also called syrup 'of sugar. Properly,
melasses are only the sediment of one kind of sugar called Chypre.or brown sugar, which
is the refuse of other sugars, not to be whitened or reduced into loaves. Melasses are
much used in Holland for the preparation of tobacco, and also among poor people iustead
of sugar. There is a kind of brandy or spirit made of melasses ; but by some held exceed-
ingly unwholesome. — Ency. Britan.
SUG.^R CANDY.
Sugar Candy is the true essence of the caneformed into large crystals by a slow process.—
'Ency. Britan.
Sulphur Impressions, 100^. val. . . , .500
Vivum. See Brimstone, p. .'jj.
Sulphur volatilizes under 220° Fahr., at which it fuses, and, what is singular, by increasing
the heat to 320°, it becomes thick and viscid, and if then poured into water, it assumes a
red colour and ductility like wax; while its specific gravity is increased to2'323. In this
state it is kneaded under the water, and used for receiving the impressions of seals and
medals. — Thomson.
Sweep-washers' Dirt, containing BuUion. See Bullion, p. 56.
Sweet Wood, produce of or imported from any Foreign
country, ton . . . . . .2100
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. G0.>
produce of and imported from B. P. ton . 0 1 G 3
Sweet- Wood is a species of the willow. — Eel.
Swine, prohibited to be imported for home use on pain of forfeiture, but
may be warehoused for exportation onlv. 3 and 4 Will, IV., c. 52,
§ 59, 60,
Tails, Buffalo, Bull, Cow, or Ox, 100 , . .-060
Fox. ]
Marten. I o o ,» -inn
— Sable. f ^^" ^''''''' P- ^-^-
Squirrel, or Calabar. J
Talc, lb. . . . . , . .008
This mineral is found in Piedmont, Saxony, Bohemia, and in the western parts of Invei
shire in Scotland. Talc is somclimes cniphjycd as a substitute for chalk, eultrs into mo
composition of crayons, and is mixed with some kinds of paint. Indurated talc forms beds
to tho
134 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Dw^ze^, <f-c. [1837-8.
Talc, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
in mountains of argillaceous schistus, gneis, and serpentine, in the Tyrol, Italy, and Swit-
zerbind, and also in the western parts of Scotland. It is applied to the same purposes as
the preceding. — Ency. Britan.
Tallow, cwt. . . . . . .032
imported from B. P. in Asia, Africa, or America,
cwt. . . . . . . .010
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, § 2, Tallow, being the produce of Europe, shall
not be imported into the United Kingdom to be used therein, except in Bri-
tish ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are tlie produce, or
in ships from which the goods are imported.
Tallow is the fat of certain animals melted and clarified. It is procured from most animals,
but chiefly from bullocks, sheep, hogs, and bears. Some kinds of tallow are used as un-
guents in mi'dicine, some for making soap and dresfing leather, and some for making can-
dles — Ency. Hritan.
Mineral tallow, which was discovered in Finland in 1736, has lately been found in a bog on the
borders of Loch Fyne, ui Scotland. — Edinb. Phil. Journ.
A tree producing a substance like tallow, and which serves for the same purpose, grows very
commonly in China. — Reg. nf the Arts and Sciences.
Tamarinds, lb. . . . . . .008
produce of and imported from B. P., lb. . 0 0 1
This fruit is chiefly imported from the West Indies. It is a grateful acid to allay thirst in
febrile affections.— Brande.
The tamarind, one of the hirgest and most beautiful of trees, grows luxriantly in most of the
Indian islands, and appears to be a native production. Of fruits, tamarinds alone consti-
tute an article of foreign exportation. Java is the principal exporting country. Tlie best,
which are of a very dark colour, nearly, indeed, black, and with a very large proportion of
pulp to the seed, are the produce of the d pending island of Madura. Those exported
from one country of the Archipelago to another, are merely dri^d in the sun. Such as are
sent to Europi* are cured with salt and jjacked in tubs, weighing from two and a half to
three piculs. — Crawfurd.
Tapioca, cwt. . . . . . .010
An Ameiican plant, the jatropha manihat, contains the nutritive starch cassava, curiously
associated with a deadly poisonous juice. The roots of jatropha are squeezed in a bag.
The cassava remains in it; and the juice, which i« used by the Indians to poison their
arrows, gradually lets fall some starch of an innocent and very nutritious quality. The
whole solid matter is dried in smoke, ground and made into bread. — Ure.
Tar, the lastof 12 brls, each brl. not ex. 3li gals. . . 0 15 0
produce of and imported from B. P. the last of 12
such brls. . . . . . .0120
Barbadoes, cwt. . . . . .026
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, § 2, Tar, being the produce of Europe, shall not be
imported into the United Kin<j;dom, to be used therein, except in British
ships, or in ships of the couiilry oi' which the goods are the produce, or in
ships from which the goods are imported.
Tar is a thick, blick, unctuous substance, obtained chiefiy from old pines and fir trees, by
burning them witii a close smothering heat. It is prepared in great quantities in Norway,
Sweden, Germany, Russia, and North America, and in other countries where the pine aiid
fir abound. -Tar, which is well known for its economical uses, is properly an empyreumatic
oil of turpentine, and has been much used as a medicine both internally and externally. —
Ency. Britan.
Tares, quarter . . . , . .0100
Tarras, bushel , . . . . .013
Tarras, a coarse sort of plaster, or mortar, durable in the wet, and chiefly used to line basons>
cisterns, wells, and other reservoirs of water. That wliich is called the Dutch tarras, is
made of a soft rock stone, found near CoUen, upou the lower part of the Rhine ; it is burnt
like lime, and afterwards reduced to powder by means of mills ; from thence it is brought
to Holland ia great quantities, w\>ere it has acquired the name of Dutch tanas, it' is of
a greyish colour when it is not mixed. — Chambers.
Tartaric Acid, lb.. . . . . ,004
Tea.
New Duty from 1st July, 1836.
From and after 1st July, 1836, the several duties on Tea
shall cease ; and in lieu thereof there shall be charged
on tea which after the said day shall be imported, or
1837-8] UNITED KINGDOM— Imports —7)//f/es, <^c. 135
Tea, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
which, havin<T been previously importefl, shall after that
day be entered for Home Consumption in the United
Kingdom, lb. . . . . .021
(5 and 6 Will. IV., c. 32.)
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 101, ^ 1, from April 22, 1834, it shall be lawful to
import any Tea into the United Kingdom from the Cape of Good Hope and
from places eastward of the same to the Straits of Magellan, and nut from
any other place.
Draft. — By § 2, the allowance called Draft now made by the commission-
ers of excise in the weighing of Tea, shall be made by the commissioners of
customs under the authority of this Act.
Damage. — By ^ 4, no abatement of duty shall be made on account of damage
received by any tea during the voyage ; but it shall be lawful for the
importer to separate the damaged parts, and to abandon tin- same to the
commissioners of customs for the duty.
Mired Tea. — By § T), if different sorts of tea mixed togetlier be imported in
the same pacitage, the whole shall be liable to the highest rate of duty to
which any otsuch sorts would be separately liable ; and if two or more sorts
of tea not perfectly mixed together be imported in one package, the same
shall be forfeited.
Former Laws. — By § 6, nothing herein before contained shall alter or afFt-ct
any law of excise relating to licences for the sale of tea, or relating to
permits for the removal of tea, or otherwise to the internal management of
tea by the commissioners of excise, after the duties of importation on the
same shall have bten paid, and afrer the same shall have been delivered out
of the charge of the officers of customs.
Permits. — By ^ 7, it shall be lawful for the Lords of His Majesty's Trcasiny,
by any warrant or order mider the hands of any two or more of them, to
discontinue the practice of requiring and issuing permits for the removal of
tea, and to make and establish any other rules, either of customs or excise, in
lieu of such practice, as to them shall, after the discontinuance of the same,
appear necessary for the security of the reveniie.
Surveysand Permits. — By B. O., Feb. 17, 1836, surveys and permits in tlie tea trade ahoUshed.
Re-impo7't. — By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, ^ 33, tea shall not he re-imported into
the United Kingdom for home use upon the ground that the same had been
legally exported from thence, htit the same shall be deemed t j be foreign
goods, whether originally such or not, and shall also be deemed to be
imported for the first time into the United Kingdom.
Stock.— By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 9.3, § 111, from Aug. 28, 1833, all enact-
ments and provisions directing the East India Company to provide for
keeping a stock of tea, shall be repealed.
As to dejiciencies and increases on re-weighing, see Exports. Part 3.
Ports, Warehouses, and General Regulations. — By C. O., July 10, 1834, for giving effect to tlie
Order of the Lords of the Treasury, dated 3i-d instant, permitting tea to be imported and
warehoused at tlie undermentioned ports, viz. : —
London, liEiTH, Dublin.
LivKRPooL, Glasgow, Kelpast,
Bristol, Greenock, Gork,
Hull, Port Glasgow, and
Newcastle-upon-Tyne (T. O. Waterford,— -from Julv 1,
Sept. 23, 1834). 1836 (.T. O. Aug.26, 1835).
Whitehave.n', from .Tiily'1,1836,
(T. O. Aug. 26, 1835).
and also allowing tlie Removal thereof from the original Port of Importation to any of the
other Warehousing' Ports in the United ICiniidom, for the purpose of bidng re warehoused
for home consumption ; and the Surveyors General having submitted the following propo-
sitions for the approval of the Board, viz.
1st, That the warehouses which may be approved for the deposit of tea, be exclusively appro-
printrd to that purpose.
2ndly, That the articles be weighed and examined at the time of importation, the oflKcers
taking care that all the packages imported in each vessel Vie " scribed " witli a progressive
number, with the initials of the vessel's and master's names, and the gross Uuiding weighU ;
and that the duty be charged according to the quantity and quality then ascertaineil.
3rdly, That no packages be allowed to be divided into smaller packages (except for the
1 lunipd out
3
ditto.
4
or 5 ditto.
5
ditto.
6
ditto.
8
ditto.
10
ditto.
12
ditto.
16
ditto.
136 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— J)i.'^/i'.?, c^-c, [1837-8.
Tea, continued, viz. : —
purpose of stores), nor the mixing of tea, of any sort or sorts, be permitted in tlie vvareliouses,
either for liome consumption or exportation.
4thly, That tlie pacl^ages be sorted and arranged in the warehouse by the occupier, according
to their respective "chops" or "beds," so as to enable the ofTicers to select from cacli the
retiuiied number of packages for taring, and to ascertain the proper tare to be allowed on
the packages in each " cliop,'' or " bed ;" and that the rule to be observed, as to number of
chests to be turned out in each "chop" or "bed" Vjeing of the same-size and description
of tea, be as Ibllows, viz.
1 to 5 — 5 chests of the same size and description of teas .
6 to 40— 40 ...... .
41 to 80— SO . . ....
Si to 120— 120 .......
121 to 200— 200 .......
201 to 300— 300 .......
301 to 50.J— 500 . . . . . ■ .
501 to 800— 800 .......
SOI and upwards .......
And that in addition to the tare, an allowance for draft be made of 1/i. upon each package
exceeding 28/6. gross, to be deducted from the foot of the landing account.
5thly, That tea entered for exportation be previously weighed, and any deficiency of the
landing quantity charge<l with duty, unless such tea be deposited in a warehouse of special
securiti/.
Samples^— GMy, That the officers be authorized under the Kegulation Act to draw samples of
tea, not exceeding three ounces of each description and quality, unless under special cir-
cumstances, such samples to be disposed of as the Board may see fit to direct. And that
the merchants or proprietors of the goods be allowed to take the like quantity as samples,
under the 31st section of the General Warehousing Act,
Hemuval.—'RyC. O., Oct. 7, 1834, and Dec. 17, 1834, Tea is allowed to be removed coastwise
under bond from one warehousing port to another, without being re-weiglied at the port of
destination, either for home consun]ption, or to be shijipcd for use, as stores.
Samples.— By C. O., Oct. 13, 1834, samples of tea referred to' in the General Order of the 10th
July last, may be drawn under an order from the officers in the warehousing department,
who should note the same in the registers, at the foot of each merchant's account ; and all
subsequent samples to be delivered under the authority of the locker in charge of the ware-
house, subject to the following regulations; the said ofhcer being required to note the
several transactions in the respective merchants' accounts :
1st, Tliat authorized parties requiring second or subsequent samples, do present to tlie
lockers a request specifying the description and quantity of tea, manifest marks, and
number of packages, Irom which the same are to be drawn.
2ndly, That an equal quantity of tea of similar description be deposited in a bag or other
package belonginj; to the respective merchants, prior to second or any subsecjuent samples
being delivered, the returned s;imples tliat are to be deposited, being checked daily by the
locker witli the delivery orders lor the same, viz. by his weighing the total quantities
received back, in lieu of those for which orders have been received and acted upon.
jrarehuusinij. — That if the entire importation of any one description of tea, in a particidar entry,
be eleared for home consumption, the samples that may have accumulated tli' reon, be de-
livered without entry or payment of duty, on application to the warehouse keeper's depart-
ment ; but that upon such tea as may be delivered lor exportation or stores, a propurtiouata
part of the accumulated samples be charged with duty, whether tlie goods be deposited m
warehouses of special security or otherwise, unless the same shall have been returned at the
lime of shew, or previous to delivery into their respective packages; — it being distinctly un-
derstood that the quantities of the samples are to be similar to those hcrelulore allowed by
the East 1 ndia Compaiiy, viz. 1, 2, 2i, or 3 ounces, according to the description or quality of
■the tea, not exceeding in any case 3 ounces to each person bearing the sampling order from
the merchant or other proper person: and that in cases where tea may be warehoused fur
exportation only, and a second sample shall be required, 1 oz. of each description or quality
be allowed to be taken, an equal quantity being returned into the packages from whence thu
sample shall have been drawn.
CULTURE.
The cultivation of Tea is not general throughout the Chinese empire; the northern parts be-
ing too cold, and the southern ))arts too warm. The plant is the growth of a particular
region, situated between tlie thirtieth and thirty-third decrees of north latitude, called the
tea country, Tok-yen, Ho-)piug, An-koy, &c. There are some plantations near Canton, but
they are few, and those thatdo exist are of no great extent. The trees are planted four or
live feet asunder; they havc-a very stunted appearance ; and they are not allowed to grow
higher than is convenient for men, women, and chihhen to pick the leaves. The gatherings
take place from one to four times in each year, according to the age of the plant. It is
only the difl'ereuce in the times of gathering, and manner of curing, which causes the dis-
tinction in appearance, qunliiies, and \alue; those which aregatlieted earliest in the spring
make the strongest and most valuable tea, such as iiekoe, souchong, &c. ; the inferior, such
as consjou, boliea, are of the latest gatherings. Green, or hyson, can be made of any of the
gatherings, by a difierent mode of drying. The first gathering of the leaves begins about
the middle of April, and continues to tlu' end of May ; the second lasts from Midsummer to
the end of July; the third takes place during the mouths of August and September. When
the leaves are gathered, they are put into wide shallow baskets, jplaeed on shelves in
the air, oi'winil, or mild sunshine, from morning till noon; then, on a flat cast-iron pan,
oVer a charcoal stove; tenor twelve ounces of the leaves are thrown at a time, stirred
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM— Imports.— J?«<;/e5, ^-c. 137
Tea, continued, viz. : — £ ,y. d.
quickly with a. short liand-bioom twice otthiicej and then brushed olT again into the bask-
ets, ill whicli they arc equally and carefully rubbed between men's hands to roll tliem ;
after which they are affaiu put into the pan in larf^er quantities, over a slower lire, to be
dried a second time. When tired enough, tlie tea is laid on tables, to be drawn, or picked
over, putting asiile all the unsightly and imperfectly dried leaves, in order that the saiii|ilo
may be mote even and marketable. To make siuglo, or hyfeon, the first two gatherings are
chosen, and, as soon as picked from the trees, are put into the pan; next rolled, and spreail
thin, to s('i)arate tlie leaves which adhere to each other ; again well dried, spread, sifted,
picked, and tired two or three times more (especially if it is damp weather), before it is in a
marketable state. The Chinese drink their tea without either milk or sugar ; they partake
of it plentifully at their meals, and very frequently in the course of the day. One mode of
using it, amongst the higher ranks, is formed by grating into the cup balls made of the most
valuable leaves, cemented together by sjme kind of tasteless gum. — Gardener s Mnyitzine.
By a recent letter from Calcutta some interesting facts are made known relative to the tea-
plant, which is at length ascert.iiued beyond doubt to be indigenous in Ujiper Assam, being
found there through an extent of one month's march within the territories of the ICast
India Company, from Sadiya and Ceesa to the Chinese frontier province of Yunnan, where
the shrub is cultivated for the sake of its leaf. The committee of tea culture in Calcutta
have addressed a letter on the subject to Mr. Macnaghten, Secretary to the Goverirmeat, in
the revenue department, in which they express their entire conviction that the plant
refened to is the identical ten of China, the exclusive source of all the varieties and shades
of the tea of commerce, and recommend that one or more scientific gentlemen may be
deputed into Upper Assam for the purpose of collecting on the spot the greatest variety pro-
curable of botanical, geological, and other details, which, as preliminary informatioii, are
absolutely necessary before ulterior measures can be successfully taken for the cultivation
of the lea shrub of that cotintry. This recommendation has been adopted by the Govern-
ment, but tlie investigation was not expected to commence with the jirospect of any good
effect before November, as the rainy season would intervene, during which no such research
could be conducted. — Ed.
Many ell'orts are making to cultivate the tea-shrub in France; it languished in great heat,
but has flourished in a lower temperature, and now grows in a strong and lieaithy
manner, in the open air at Marseilles, and it is proposed to naturalize it throughout the
region where the orange trees prosper. — -Atlienesum, No. 513.
Prirate Trade Sales. — The series of private trade sales of tea, which commenced on the 23rd
October, 1837, were attended with results much more favourable tlian were expected.
There has been considerable animation throughout, and all sorts advanced as the sales
proceeded, especially bolieas, common congous, and twankays. All the Canton boheas
were sold at 2d. to 3d. per lb. higher than at the sales in September. On Fokien boheas
the advance is 2d. to Ad. per lb. ; on common congous 3d. to id. ; and on common souchongs
2d. to id. per lb. The demand for low-price teas being greater than for the superior quali-
ties, the latter did not participate in tlie improvement to the same extent. Out of 65,473
packages put up for sale, about 50,000 were disposed of; and the greater proportion of
the remainder was bouglit in by the merchants, who are confidently looking for better
prices, as the supplies for next year, it is supposed, will not exceed 2o,000,U001b., or half a
year's consumption, in consequence of the prostrated state of several of the firms which
heretofore have been large importers. Much speculation is still going on in tea, and the
lluctuations, it is thought, will yet be considerable, as so many merchants have retired from
the trade, which since the opening has proved too uncertuiu in its results to reduce yet to
any regular channel of commerce. — Ed.
Teasels, 1000 . . . . . .010
The largest burs, and those most pointed, are esteemed the best, and are now called Male
Teasels; they are mostly used in the dressing and preparing of stockings and coverlets;
the smaller kind, projierly called the Fullers' or drapers' Teasels, and sometimes the Fe-
male Teasel, are used in the preparation of the finer stuH's, as cloths, rateens. Sec. The
smaller kind, sometimes called Linnots Heads, are used to draw out the knap from the
coarser stulTs, as baize, &c. — Chambers.
Without this useful plant, our woollen manufactory could hardly have made any progress: it
appears, from many attempts, that the object designed to be efl'ected by the teasel cannot
be supplied by any contrivance— successive inventions having been abandoned as defective
or injurious. — Journal of a Naturalist.
Teeth, Elephants', Sea Cow, Sea Horse, or Sea Morse
Teeth, cwt. . . . . . .010
The first country where elephants are frequent is that part of the coast called by the Flemish
Taiid Kust. or Teeth Coast, on account of the number of elephants' teeth, of which the
natives make a lucrative traffic. The country of Auta likewise abounds in elephants. The
Ethiopians have elephants in their country, but they are smaller than those of India ; and,
thougli their teeth are hollow, and of less" value, they constitute a considerable article of
trade. There are many elephants in Ethiopia, and in the country of Prester John, beyond
the island of Mosambiipie, where the ealfres or negroes kill a great number for the sake of
their teeth. In the island of Madagascar, elephants are supposed to be more numerous
than in any other country. Madagascar and an adjacent island, called Cuzibet, furnish
such vast quantities of ivory, that, in the opinion of iiu- merchants, the rest of the world
does not produce an equal number of elephants' teeth. Lopes amused himself iu weighing
several tusks of the elephant, each of which amounted to about 2001b. The magnitude oC
elephants may be estimated by their tusks, some of which have been found to weigh 200 lb.
In the kingdom of Loongo 1 purchased two tusks, w hich belonged to the same animal, each
of which weighed 12(i lb. At the Cape of Good Hope, the elephants' teeth are verv large,
andweighfromCO to 1001b.— .BM/on.
138 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Dw^eVj, <f'C. [1837-8.
Teeth, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
The Malay Peninsula and Sumatra, the only countries of the Archipelago where the elephant
is found, are also, of course, the only countries that afford much ivory. From these two
countries, and more especially from the neighbouring country of Siam, ivory forms a consi-
derable article of exportation, principally to China, where the manufacture of this beautiful
commodity is better understood than any where else. — Crnwfurd.
Telescopes, 100/. val. . . • • . 33 0 0
By T. L., Jan. 5, 18.37, for the future the maximum value on Discs for the object glasses of
achromatic telescopes, may he fixed at 20s. the pound the ad valorem duty on which, toge-
ther Willi the rated duty of 41. the cut. would never exceed 4s. 8d. the pound. (See Glass
Manufactures, p. 77, as to the duty of il. the cwt. before mentioned.)
The telescope is an optical instrument for viewing distant objects. This name is commonly
appropriated to the larger sizes of the instrument, while the smaller are called perspi'ctive-
glasses, spy-glasses, opera-glasses. A particular kind which is thought to be much brighter
than the rest, is called a Night-glass. — Jinct/.Britan.
Terra Japonica, or Catechu, cwt. . . .010
A brown astringent substance, formerly known by the name of japan earth. It is a dry ex-
tract, prepared from the wood of a spt;cies of sentitive plant, the Mimosa catechu. It is
imported into this country from Bombay and Bengal — Ure.
Sienna, cwt. . . . . .040
A brown bole, or ochre, with an orange cast, brought from Sienna in Italy, and used in
painting, both raw and burnt. When burnt it becomes of a darker brown. It resists the
tire a long time without fusing. It adheres to the tongue very forcibly. — Ure.
Umbra, cwt. . . . . .040
Umber is found disposed in beds, in the island of Cyprus ; and it is employed as a pigment. —
Ency. Brilitn.
Verde, cwt. . . . . .010
0
15
0
0
15
0
0
4
0
0
18
0
25
0
0
This is used as a pigment, and contains iron in some unknown state, mixed with clay, and
sometimes with chalk and pyrites. — Ure.
Thread, Bruges Thread, doz. lb. . . . . 0 15 0
Cotton Thread. See Cotton Manufactures, p. 70.
Outnal Thread, doz. lb. .
Pack Thread, cwt.
Sister's Thread, lb. . . .
Whited Brown Thread, doz. lb.
Not otherwise enumerated, \00l. val.
Thread is a small line made up of a number of fine fibres of any vegetable or animal substance,
such as flax, cotton, or silk : from which it takes its name of linen, cotton, or silk threatL —
Ency. Britan.
Formerly some sorts of foreign threads were in high estimation in this country, but the gi-eat
improvement in our own manufactures has now in a great degi-ee superseded the use of
thread m.ide abroad. Outnal thread is the brown flaxen thread made in Holland. — Ed.
Tiles, 10 OZ.vaL . . . . . . 50 0 0
Dutch, 100/. val. . . . . . 15 0 0
There are various kinds of tiles for the various occasions of building; as plain, thack, ridge,
roof, crease, gutter, pan, crooked, Flemish, corner, hip, dorman or dormar, scallop, astragal,
traverse, paving, and Dutch tiles. — Chambers.
Tin, cwt. ......
• Manufactures of, not otherwise enumerated, 1 00/. val.
Ore, 100/. val. .....
The ores of this metal are found in comparatively few places; the principal, and perhaps
only ones, are Cornwall, Gallicia, Erzgebirge in Saxony, Bohemia, Malacca, and Banca
in Asia. They are peculiar to primitive rocks, generally in gra'iite, either in veins or beds.
Tin is much used as a co-Bering to several other metals, iron is tinned to prevent its rapid
oxidation when exposed to air and moisture, and the same process is applied to copper, to
:ivoid the injurious effects to which those who are in the habit of employing cooking utensils
madeof this metal .ire always liable. The solutions of tin in the nitric, muriatic, nitro-
sulphuric, and taruuic acids, are much used in dyeing ; tin forms the basis of pewter, in the
composition of which it is alloyed with lead; when rolled into thin sheets it is called tin foil,
and is applied, with the addition of mercury, to cover the surface of glass, thus forming
looking-glasses, mirrors, &c., and in combination with sulphur it constitutes what is called
Mosaic Gold. — Jut/cc.
The whole tin ore of the Eastern Archipelago, is a stream of the most valuable description. —
Asiatic Journal.
Tincal. Sec Borax, p. 54.
Tin Foil, 100/. val. . . . . 25 0 0
Tm foil is used chiefly in fixing quicksilver to the backs of looking-glasses.*-£rf.
2 10
0
20 0
0
20 0
0
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Dw/ies, 4-c. 139
£ *. d.
Tobacco, Unmanufactured, lb. . . . .030
the produce of and imported from any
B. P. in America, lb. . . . . .029
Manuftictured, or Segars, lb, , . .090
Drawback.
(Manufactured in the United Kiui^dom at or within two miles of any port into
which Tobacco may be imported, made into Shag, Roll, or (Carrot Tobacco,
</raMj/'rtc/i upon exportation, lb.) 2s. 7^d,
Tobacco and Snuff' prohibited to be imported on pain of forfeiture, under the
followinir circumstances, viz.: —
unless in a ship of the burthen of 120 tons or upv/ards.
Tobacco of and imported from the State of Colombia, and made up in
rolls, unless in packages containing at least 3-Olb. of such rolls.
Segars, unless in packages containing lOOUi. of segars.
all other tobacco and snuff', unless in hogsheads, casks, chests or cases,
each of which sliall contain of net tobacco or snuff' at least 100 lb. if from
tlie East Indies, or 450 lb. if from any other place, and not packed in b;igs or
])ackages within any such hogshead, cask, chest, or case, n^'r separated nor
divided in any manner whatever, except tobacco of the dominions of the
Turkish Empire, whicli may be packed in inward bags or packages, or sepa-
rated or divided in any manner within the outward package, provided such
outward package be a hogshead, cask, chest, or case, and contain 450 lb.
net at least.*
and imless the particular weight of tobacco or snuff in each hogshead,
cask, chest, or case, with the tare of the same, be marked thereon.
and unless in the ports of London. Liverpool, Bristol, Lancaster,
Cowes, Falmouth, Whitehaven, Hull, Port Glasgow, Greenock, Leith, New-
castle-upon-Tyne, Plymouth, Belfast, Cork. Drogheda, Dublin, Galway,
Limerick, Londonderry, Newry, Sligo, Waterford, and Wexford.
or into some other ports which may hereafter be appointed for
such purpose by tire Lords Commissioners of His Majesty's Treasury ; such
appointments in Great Britain being published in the London Gazette, and
such appointments in Ireland being published in the Dublin Gazette.
but any ship wholly laden with tobacco may come into the port
of Cowes or Falmouth to wait for orders, and there remain 14 days, pro-
vided due report of such ship be made by the master to the collector or
comptroller of such port. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 58.
By C. O., Jan. 3, 1 833, it is directed that the same privilege previously granted
to Cowes and Falmouth, relating to vessels laden with tobacco, and which
could not hitherto come into this port to refit, or for orders, be extended to
Portsmouth.
Tobacco stalks stripped from the leaf, whether manufactured or not, and to-
bacco stalk flour, prohibited to be imported for home use on pain of forfeit-
ure but may be warehoused for exportation only. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52,
§ 58, 59, 60.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 33, tobacco shall not be re-imported into the
United Kingdom for home use upon the ground that the saine had been
legally exported from thence, but shall be deemed to be foreign goods, whe-
ther originally such or not, and shall also be deemed to be imported lor the
first time into the United Kingdom.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, ^ 2. tobacco being the produce of Europe, shall
not be imported into the United Kingdom to be Jtsed therein, exce[it in Bri-
tish ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce, or
in ships of the country from which the goods are imported.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, 6 32, no abatement of duties shall be made on
account of any damage received by tobacco.
Size of Packages. — Whereas certain restrictions are laid down in respect of the
packages in which tobacco may be imported into the United Kingdom ; the
said restrictions shall not extend to any tobacco the produce of and imported
* Tiv G and 7 Will. IV., c. 60, § 4, the said restriction shall not extend to any such tobacco or
snuff in hogsheads, casks, chests or cases, each of which shall contain of net tobacco or enuff
300 lb
140 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— I>2//?es, <^c. [1837-8.
Tobacco, coiitinued, viz. : — £ *• ^•
diiect from Mexico, or from the Continent of South America, or from the
islands of St. Dominijo and Cuba, iu packages of not less than 801b. each.
4and.5 Will. IV.,c.'89, §7.
Sf^ars.— By C. O., Jan. 7, 1837. Passengers arriving from the continent, or other short
vovages/are permitted to enter anv quantity oTsegars under 3Ib.
Passengers from tlie East or West Indies, or other distant voyages, are permitted to enter any
quantity of segars not e.\ceeding 71b., without special application to the Board.
How Duties charged. — The duties payable upon tobacco, when taken out of
warehouse for Home Use, shall be charged upon the quantities ascertained
by the weight of the same acliialhj delivered. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57, ^ 19.
It shall be lawful for the commissioners of customs to accept the abandon-
ment, for the duties, of any quantity of tobacco, and to cause or permit the
same to be destroyed, and to deduct such quantity of tobacco from the total
quantit}' of the same importation, in computing the amount of the defi-
ciency of such total quantity. § 3.3.
Use of the iVnyy.— Tobacco, the produce of the B. P. in America or of the
United States of America, and purchased for the use of His Majesty's navy,
may be removed by the purser of any ship of war in actual tiervice to tlio ports
of Rochester, Portsmouth, or Plymouth, to be there re-warehoused, iir the
' name of such purser, in such warehouse as shall be approvt'd for that purpose
by the commissioners of customs. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57, § 21.
Re-weighing.— Viy T. L, Nov. 19, 1831, provided the merchant upon his taking tobacco out of
the lol)acco warehouse in London for removal to an out-port, shall, previous to such lemoval,
declare that the tobacco is taken out and removed for home use only, and will give security
to pay the duty according to the weight ascertained at the time of removal, all subsequent
weighings at tlie port to which the tobacco is removed sliall be dispensed with.
By C. O., Nov. 22, 1833, as it appears that accommodation would be afforded to the trade, if
the declaration when tobacco is taken out of warehouse for removal, and intended for
home use only and security given accorflingly, were permitted to be given either at the port
of shipment or at the port of destination, as "most convenient to the parties interested ; and,
in cases of omission to give such security, the proprietors were allowed to pay the duties at
the port of arrival upon the weight ascertained at the time of removal, the duties being ten-
dered prior to the weighing of the tobacco, consequent on its being re-warehoused, the same
is permii ted accordingly.
i>tS(ri;)hon.— There is perhaps no vegetable which, when considered in connexion with
the history of mau, presents a more curious subject of contemplation than the tobacco
plant. It's nomenclature, both ancient and modern, is not a little multifarious and oliscure.
AVhen the tobacco is described by its supposed native name, the term Pctun is generally
nsed. The modern or European epithets have been almost as numerous and as varied
as the ancient or American ones. When the plant was fnst brought into Spain, the original
name was laid aside, and that of Tobacco applied to it. The general opinion is, that it
reci'iv. d this name from the circumstance of its being lirst imported thither from the island
ot Tubago, of which it was supposed to be a n.ative ; but it is not a native of Tobago, but was
first discovered in Tahaco, a province of Yucatan, whence it was brought into Spain, and
whence it received the preceding appellation. The name tobacco is now, however, only
nsed as its vulgar epithet; in science it is known under the title of Herba nicotiana. f ome
botanists enumerate eleven species, others only seven. The most ancient, indeed, as we
may .almost say, the original use to which tobacco seems to have been applied, is smoking.
Snulling and chewing are the only other ways in which tojjacco is used as a luxury. The
" ' 'tobacco plant is found 1o thrive in all temperate ctimates ; butthat prodiic'ed in the trojiics
is most esteemed, as possessing the finest flavour. The mode pursued by the original
Indians in cultivating it cannot be properly ascertained — Quarterly Journal of Agriculture.
Seyars. — The segar is a mode of smoking, originating, we believe, in the East Indies. The
cheroot, or China segar, is much larger than that of the West Indian islands, being some-
times between six and nine inches in length, 'while the latter seldom exceeds about three.
The sevar has become very common all over Euroj)e ; but it is not in very general use,
on account of its being much more expensive than unrolled tobacco. — Quarterly Journal
of Agriculture. .
Tobacco Pipes, 100/. val. . . . . 30 0 0
The Dutch have evidently copied the form of their pipe from us. In size and shape, the
two are exactly the same; but the DutcU pipe, uhicli is generally reckoned the best,
is made of a difl'ercnt sort of clay, and does not require to be glazed at the top of the stalk.
This, indeed, forms the principal distinguishing mark between them. — Quarterly Journal of
Agriculture.
Tongues, doz. . . • . . .030
Tornsal or Turnsole, cwt. . . . .050
Tornsal, or Turnsole, is a plant cultivated principally in the South of Europe, and used in
dyeing, — Ed.
Tortoiseshell or Turtlesbell, unmanufactured, lb. . ,020
imported from any B. P., lb. , « « 0 0 1
1 83 7-8.] UNITED K INGDOM.— Imports.— I>M^ie5, ^c. 141
Tortoiseshell, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Tortoise Slu-ll is a valuable article of tho commerce of the Archipelago. The tortoise is
fonnil in nil theseasoflhe Archipelago, but particularly the east coast of Celebi'S, the
ciiasts of llie Spice Islands, and those of New Guinea: Towards the western parts of the
Archipehigo.the animal is smaller, the shel\ thinner, and of course much less valuable.—
Crairfurd.
Tow, See Flax, p. 75.
Toys, 100/. val. . . . . . . 20 0 0
Toys are brought principally from Holland, and form rather a considerable branch of tvude.
Those carved in wood lioar the highest price. — Ed.
Trees. See Plants, p. 102.
Tricot. 1
Tulle. [See Silk, p. 113.
Turbans. )
Truffles, lb. . . . . . .010
Trnllles, a sort of subterraneous prodnction, or a kind of mushroom. In Italy, France,
England, Sec., tliey are eaten as a great dainty. — Chambers.
A German has made a most important discovery, viz. that trufHes may be transplaritod and
produced in abundance in all countries of the temperate zone. We hope, that in a few
years, epicures will be blessed with truffles in England without sending to France for
them, whence tliey rarely arrive in a slate of.perfection. — Lit. Gaz.
Turmeric, cwt. . . . . .0100
imported from B. P., cwt. , . .024
Turmeric is a root. licrtholkt hail an opportunity of examining some turmeric that c-ame
from Tobago, which was superior to that which is met with in commerce, both in the size
of the roots and in the abundaiice of the colouring particles. This substance is very rich
iu colour, and there is no other which gives a yellow colour of such brightness. — Ure.
TiU'nery, not otherwise enumerated, 100/. val. . . 30 0 0
Turnery, the art of fashioning harxl bodies into a round or oval form in a lathe. — Jo/msnn.
The art of turning is of considerable importance, as it contributes essentially to the per-
fection of many other arts. Tlie architect uses it for many ornaments, both within and
without liigldy finished houses. The mathematician, the astronomer, and the natural
I)hilosopher, have recourse to it, not only to embellish their instruments but also to give
tliem the necessary dimensions and precision: in short it is absolutely necessary to llie
mechanist, the goldsmith, the watch-maker, the joiner, the smith, and others. With this
instrument, it is said, the ancients turned all sorts of vases, many of which they enriched
with figures and ornaments iu basso-relievo. — Scientific Gaz.
Turn.5ole. See Tornsal, p. 140.
Turpentine, not of greater value than 12s'. the cwt. thereof,
cwt. . . . . . . .044
of greater value than 12s. and not of greater
value than Ids. the cwt. thereof, cwt.
• ■ of greater value than 1 5*. the cwt. thereof, cwt.
of Venice, Scio, or Cyprus, lb.
Common Turpentine is about the consistence of honey, of au opaque, brownish-white colour,
the coarsest, heaviest, and in smell and taste the most disagreeable, of all the kinds of tur-
pentine. It is obtained from the wild pine, which is extremely resinous ; insomuch that
if not evacuated of its juice, it often swells and bursts. — Chambers.
Canadian Turpentine, ViWe the other turpentines, is a compound of a volatile oil and resin.
It is obtained by incision from the bark of the tree, and imported in casks, in a form of
a very viscid liquid; it is a fragrant odour, and a warm bitter taste; it is diuretic, and
generally stimulant, but scarcely ever used in medicine; it is a valuable ingredient in
transparent varnishes. — Brandc.
Turpentine of Venice is usually thinner than any of the other sorts, of a clear whitish or
pale yellowish colour, a hot, pungent, bitterish, disagreeable taste, and a strong smell,
without the aromatic flavour of the Chian kind. The true Venice turpentine is said to
be obtained from the larch tree, growing iu great abundance on the Alps and Pyrenees,
and not uncommon in the English gardens. — Chambers.
Cyprus Turpentine is the produce of the Pistacia terebinthus, a native of the south of Europe
and of Barbary, cultivated in the islands of Chios and Cyprus, and not unfiequent in our
gardens. This species of turpentine is fragrant and warm, but less acrid and bitter than
the others, from which, however, it is not essentially different in medical virtues. It is
said to be generally adulterated with common turpentine. — Brande.
Paramos. — The produce of this barren spot (the Andes,) is confined to one kind of plant,
calleil El Fraylegon ; the same is to be found in great abundance in all Paramos ; the
leaves of it are remarkably soft and white, and ecpial in size to a large turnip leaf, and the
soldier thought himself particularly Ibrtunate when able to get a sufficient number to
form his bed. In the crown of this plant is a sort of gum, which is made into turpentine,
and has some medicinal qualities. — Hamilton,
Turtle. See Fish, p. 74.
0
u
4
1
6
.1
0
0
10
142 UNITED KINGDOM.—Imports.— DwieV*, ^c. [183^8.
£ s. d.
Turtleshell. See Tortoiseshell, p. 140. .-,
Twine, cwt. . . . . . ,1110
Bast. See Bast, p. 52.
V.
Valonia, cwt. . . . ... .010
The liotatiiciil tpim is Velanij a name given to the acorns of a species of oak. It is usei'i
loi- ilvfiii'.' and tanning. The nut or kernel is not reckoned of any value, and is some-
times jpickeil out to save freight and charges ; but the cup which contains that nut oi
kerui'l constitutes the value of valonia. It has been lately used to a great extent in the
tanneries of this country as a substitute for oak bark. — Rccs.
Vanelloes, lb. . . . . . .050
The plant which produces the fruit called V^anilla or Bauilla by the Spaniards, has a trailing
stem, somewhat like the common ivy, but not so woody. The sort which is manufactured,
grows not only in the Bay of Campeachy, but also at Carthagena, at the Caraccas. Hon-
duras, Darein, and Cayan. The fruit which is brought to Europe is of a dark brown
colour, about six inches long, and scarcely an incli broad; wrinkled on the outside, and
full of a vast number ofblack seeds, like grains of sand of a pleasant smell like balsam
of Peru. They are used chiefly in perfumes ; scarcely ever among us with any medica^
intention.— C/iamfters.
Tlie English and the Anglo-Americans often seek to make purchases of vanilla at the port
of La Guayra, but the merchants procure with difficulty a very small quantity. — Humboldt.
Vaiiiish, not otherwise enumerated, 100^, val. . . 30 0 0
Lac-varnishes or lacquers consist of diflereut resins in a state of solution, of which the
most common are mastich, sandarach, lac, benzoin, copal, amber, and asphaltum. The
menstrua are either expressedor essential oils, as also alcohol. — f7)'e.
Vases, Ancient, not of Stone or Marble, 100^, val. . . 5 0 0
Vellum, skin . . . . . .072
Vellum is a kind of parchment that is finer, evener, and more white than the common parch-
ment. The word is formed from the French velin, of the Latin vitulinus, " belonging to the
calf.'' — Ency. Britan.
Velvet. See Silk, p. 113.
Verdigris, lb. (6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 60.) . .006
This salt is principally manufactured in the south of France, at Montpellier, and Grenoble.
In the former place, from the marc of the grape, that is, the cake which remains in the
wine-press after the juice is expressed, composed of the husks and stalks. The suliacetate
of copper is imported into this country in the leather sacks, or bags, in which it is dried,
each containing from 14 to 30 lb. But it is, also, now prepared in Great Britain. — Thomson.
Verjuice, tun . . . . . . 73 12 9
A kind of harsh, austere, vinegar, made of the expressed Juice of the wild apple, or crab.
The French give this name to unripe grapes, and to the sour liquor obtained Irom them —
Vre.
Vermicelli, lb. . . . . . .002
For description of Vermicelli, see Macaroni, p. 88.
Vermilion, lb. . . . . . .006
Vermilion is a bright and beautiful red colour, composed of quicksilver and sulphur, in great
esteem among the ancients under the name of Minium ; but what goes by the name of
minium amongst us is a preparation of lead, linown also by the name of Red Lead. A
frequent (ne of mercury is the red sulphuret, which is known by the name of (Jinnabar,
The sulphurct of mercury is of various colours, from vermilion red to brown. Sometimes
it efiloresces on the surface of the ore, when it is called Flo\\ers of Cinnabar, or Native
Vermilion. — Ency. Britan.
Vestments for Roman Catholic Priests.
B r r. li,, September 16, 183.5, not to be introduced duty free, without a special order from
Uiis Board. T. O., IGth Sept., 1835.
Vinegar or Acetous Acid, tun . . . . 18 18 0
'I'he manufacture of vinegar deserves to be classed among the chemical arts, sincethe means
of extracting this acid from wood, by carbonization, have been discovered. The fabrication
of vinegar from fermented liquors was known to the Israelites, and to other eastern nations.
Boa/, says to Ruth, " Eat of the bread, and dip thy morsel in the vinegar." Notwithstanding
its ancient origin, however, this art was only empirical, until the birth of pneumatic che-
mistry.— /,;;. Gaz.
The varieties of acetic acids known in commerce arc fop : 1st, Wine Vinegar; 2nd, Malt
Vinegar ; 3rd, Sugar Vinegar ; 4th, Wood Vinegar. AlW)st all the vinegar of the north of
France being prepared at Orleans, the manufactory of that place has acquired much cele-
brity.— lire.
0
1
3
0
1
8
25
0
0
1837-8.J UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— 2>w<?>*, <fc 143
£ s. d.
W.
"Wafers, lb. .... <
Washini? Balls, lb. ... ■
Wsitclies of Gold, Silver, or other Metal, 100/. val.
See Clocks, p. 61.
brought by passengers. See Baggage, p. 50.
Chronometer.— ?i.n instrument for the exact mensuration oiiKxne.— Johnson.
The coustruction of clironometers has 'been considered, by the maritime states of Europe, for
nearly two centuries, as an object of tlie first importance. lu tlie year 1598, Philip the
Third of Spain, offered a reward of 1,000 crowns fur the discovery of a marine watch, capable
of determining' the longitude at sea ; and the states of Holland soon afterwards promised
100,000 (loriiis to whomever should attain that obi<'ct. lu the reign of queen Anne, Ensland,
not to be behind other po\\ers, offered liO.OOO/. for a similar discovery: and, in 1716, the
Duke of Orleans, then regent of Fiance, also offered 100,000 livres. These princely offers
naturally excited men of science and injienuity to the arduous undertakiuf^. To our highly
talented countrymen, John Harrison, who, after ujnvards of fifty years' intense application,
at length succeeded in completing a marine watch capable of determining the longitude
at sea, the British parliament, in 1764, awarded the 20,000/.
For the further improvement in this important branch of mechanical science, the Board of
Admiralty have very laudably established a (iepfit at the Koyal Observatory at Greenwich,
where chronometers are tried for one ye:ir, and if they pertorm, within prescribed limits, a
liberal prize is awarded to the maker. " Nearly two liundied have, at different times, been
de))osited there for trial, and 300/. was \!\\m to one which only varied, in its daily rate, one
second eleven hundredths in the year. — Lit. Gnz.
Mr. Miiston, of Leadenhall-street, London, and of Small-street, Bristol, is a chronometer-
maker of some eminence. — Ed.
Water, Arquebusade,
Citron,
Coidial, ^See Spirits, p. 123.
Hungary,
Lavender,
Cologne Water, the flask (thirty such flasks con-
taining not more than one gallon) . . .010
Mineral Water, gallon . . . .001
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c, 60.)
. Natural Water, the dozen bottles or flasks (each
bottle or flask not ex. three pints) . . .040
Those Waters which contain such a quantity of saline or other foreign matter, as to be sensible
to the tuste, are termed Mineral. They are found more or less in every country, and vary
considerably in their composition, consequently in their action on the animal economy.
Mineral waters are generally divided into four classes — Hepatic, Carbonated, Chalybeate,
and Saline.^ — Joyce.
Strong Water.^ See Spirits, p. 123.
Eaux de Cologne. — There are two processes which are usually emi>loyed in the preparation of
Eaux de Cologne ; namely, distillation and infusion, i he first is now generally abandoned ;
* but it is, nevertheless, beyond C(mtradicti<)n, the preferable one. The only essences which
are employed, and which afford this water its great celebrity, are the following: bergamotte,
citron, lavender, rosemary, Portugal, and neiuli. — Granville.
Wax, Bees, viz. : —
unbleached, cwt. . . . .110 0
in any degree bleached, cwt. . . ,300
imported from any B. P. in Asia, A jji( I <^3
America, viz. :
unbleached, cwt. . . . 0 10 0
■ in any degree bleached, cwt. . . 10 0
Bees' Wax unbleached, produce of the West Coast of
Africa, and imported thence, cwt. (6 and 7 Will. IV.,
c. 60.) . . . . . . 0 10 0
r>y C. O., April 14, 1829, foreign bees' wax may be taken out of bond for the purpose of being
bleached, proper security being first given to pay the duty thereon.
Prime wax is of a bright yellow colour and an agreeable odour, somewhat like that of honey.
Tile best is procured from combs which have been eiihc r w holly unoccupied, oroccupieil by
nothing butlioney. Inde];endently of its colour, tlie goodness of wax may also be estimated
by the passing of the thumb uiil forcibly over its surface ; if good, the nail w ill pass with a
kind of jevk ; but if no obstrucMh be I'eit, the wax must be looked upon as adulterated with
suet, or some similar substance. White wax is nothing more than the yellow wax that has
1-44 UNITED KINGDOM —Imports— Dw//e^, <^-c?. [1837-8.
Wax, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
been exposed in thin flakes or shreds to the action of the snn and air. The uses of wax in
makins; candles, ointments, &c. are well known. Bees'-wax forms a considerable article of
commerce, and lar<;e quantities of it are anniuiUy imiiorted into this country from the lialtic,
the Levant, the Barbary Coast, and North America. — Beva,n. .
Myrtle Wax, lb. . . . ... 0 1 0
According to the experiments of M. Cadet and Dr. Bostock, this myrtle wax differs in some
respects from bees'-wax. It differs from it in colour, <litferent specimens of it asstiming dif-
ferent shades of yellowish 'gieen ; its smell is also difTerent : myrtle wax, \i-he.n fresh, emit-
ting a fragrant balsamic odour. It has in part the tenacity without the unctuosi'ty of bees'-
wax, and somewhat of the briltlencss of resin. Its specific gravity is greater, insomuch that
it sinks in water, w!\ereas bees'-wax floats upon it; and it isjiot so easily bleached to form
white wax. Tiie wax tree of Louisiana contains immense quantities of wax. — Be^an.
■ Sealing -Wax, 100/. val. ' .• . ." ..' , ■ 30 0 0
S.e.aling-wax is a composition of gum.'lac, melted and'prepared with resins, and coloured with
some suitable pigment. There are two kinds of sealing-wax in use; the one hard, intended
for sealing letters, and other such purposes ; the other soft, designed for receiving the im-
pi-essions of seals of office to charters, patents, and such written instruments. — Enry. Britan.
Messrs. Thorp and Graham, of Jewry-street, A Idgate, London, are celebrated manufacturers
of -sealing-wax. — Ed.
Weld, cwt. . . . . . -.0 1
Weld is a plant used by the dyers, to give a yellow colour. This plant grows wild on dry
grounds ; but it is also cultivated for use. — Ency. Britan.
Whale Fins, ton . . . . . . 95 0 0
• taken and caught by the crew of a British ship,
and imported direct from the Fishery, or from any B. P.
in a British ship, ton . . . . .10 0
JVhalc Fins. — A name improperly given to whalebone. — Chamhcrs.
JVhalebune. — This is a substance peculiar to the whale. It is of the same nature as horn. It
is extremely elastic. There are two kinds of whalebone. One kind is got from the large
whale ; the other from a smaller species. It is placed in the inside of the mouth, and is
attached to the upper jaw. — Ency. Britan.
Whipcord, lb. . . . . ..010
Wine, French, Canary, Fayal, Madeira, Portugal, Spanish,
and other Wines not enumerated, gal. . . .056
the produce of His Majesty's Settlement of the Cape
of Good Hope, or tlie territories or Dependencies thereof,
imported directly thence, gal. . . . .029
Lees, subject to the same duty as Wine, but no
Drawback is allowed on the Lees of Wine Exported.
Di-awhack. — The full duties on Wine are drawn back upon exportation.
Allowance fm- JFaste. — By T. O., Nov. 29, 1836, with regard to Wine delivered for Home Use
from warehouses nut of special security, the same allowance to be made for waste as is now-
allowed by law upon the delivery of that article from such warehouses for exporiation, viz.
Upon every Cask, for any time not exceeding 1 year 1 gallon.
, , , , exceeding 1 year, and not ex. 2 years 2 gallon.s.
,, ,, exceeding 2 years ... . . 3 gallons.
Europe. — By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, § 2. Wine beint^ the prod.uce of lilurope,
shall not be imported into the United Kingdom to be used therein, except in
British ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the pro-
duce, or in ships of the country from which the goods are imported.
Cape of Good Hope. — By 3 and 4 Will. IV^., c. 52, ^ 39, before any wine shall
be entered as being the produce of the Cape of Good Hope, the master of
the ship importing the same shall deliver to the collector or comptroller a
certificate, under the hand of the proper officer of the Capo of Good Hojie,
testifying that proof had been made, in manner required by law, that ■such
wine is nf the pi'odtice of the Cape of Good Hope or the dependencies
thereof, stating the cpiantity and sort of such wine, and the ninnher and
denomination of the jiackages containing the same; and such master shall
also make and subscribe a declaration before the collector or comptroller,
that such certificate was received by him at the Cape of Good Hope, and
that the wine so imported is the same as is mentioned therein.
Damage. — By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, ^ 32. no abatement of duties shall be
made on account of any damage received by wine.
1837-S.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports— Z)«//e*, >$'c. 145
Wine, continued, viz. ;—
Defciencies. — By 4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89, wine deposited in warehouses of
.v/;ec(fl/ sec?//-iVy, when taken out lor home use, the duty shall be charged
upon the quantity actually delivered.
Accident. — It shall be lawiul for the commissioners of customs to remit or re-
turn the duties payable or paid ou the whole or any portion of wine or other
fluid which shall be lost by any unavoidable accident in the warehouse in
which the same shall have been deposited under the provision of any Act
for the warehousing^ of floods.
AbanJoniiient. — It shall be lawful for the commissioners of customs to accept
the abandonment for the duties, of any quantity of lees of wine, and to
cause or permit the same to be destroyed, and to deduct such quantity from
the total quantity of the same importation, in computing the amount of the
deficiency of such total quantity. 3 and 4 \Vill. IV., c. 57. § 33.
Fortifijing with Brandy — FiUmg tip Casks — Rar/i-u/f Lees. — It shall be law-
ful, under sucli regulations as the commissioners of customs may from time
to time require, ill the warehouse to draw oti'andmix with any wine any
brandy secured in the same warehouse, not exceeding the proportion often
gallons of braiulv to one hundred gallons of wine ; and also in the waie-
honse to fill up any casks of wine from any other casks of tlie same, respec-
tively secured in the same warehouse ; and also in any warehouse of special
sectirilij to rack ofi' any wine from the lees, and in such warehouse to mix
any wines of the same sort, erasing from the casks all import brands. 3
and 4 Win. IV., c. 57,^31, 3-2.
Bottlhig Il'ines and Spirits — Hy C. O., Aug. 30, 1S32, the following regulations uvo to be
adopted on the lx>ttlins of wines and spirits :
1st. That a separate bonded vault be appropriated to the drawing off spirits and wine into
bottles.
2nd. That all spirits be subject to the same restrictions as rum, under the 31st section of the
'Warehousiu i; Act — viz. to be drawn off into reputed quart or pint bottles, and packed in cases
containing not less than three dozen of such quart, or six dozen such pint bottles each. [Now
one dozen quart]
3rd. That no foreign bottles, casks, or packages, except any in which goods shall have been
imported .Tud warehoused, be used, unless the full duties shall have been first paid thereon.
4th. That if any surplus quantity or sediment remain in the cask, the full duties be immediately
paid thereon, or the same be destroyed in the )>reseace of the proper officers.
5th. That the bottling take place in the iireseuce of the proper officers, and under the frequent
superintendence of the landing surveyor.
Racking. — Hy C O., .Tune 4, 1834, wine deposited in approved warehouses, although not ap
pointed as warehouses of special security, may be racked off and mi.Ked as heretofore, all
import brands in the latter case being I'lased from the e.-isk.
Fradiiinal Deficiencies. — By C O., Oct. 7, 1834, no charge to be made on deficiencies in ware-
housed wine for any fractional part of a gallon, unless the same shall exceed live tenths.
Entries by Dealers in Wine, and Survey by Officers. — From the passing of this
Act (Aug. 31. 183.5.) so much of any Act as requires any Dealer in ^Vine to
make entry of the premises, by him occupied for dealing in wine, and as
requires the keejnng an account by the officers of excise of the stocks of
wine in the possession of dealers, and as authorizes the survey by officers of
excise of such stotks and of tlie jiremises in whieh the same are kept, is
hereby repealed, h and 6 Will. IV., c. 30, § 3.
Ret'iilersof ll'ine who also deal in Spirits. Entry and Examinatio7i by 0/f'cers.
— \\ here any dealer in wine shall also be a dealer in or retailer of foreign or
British spirits in the same house or jtreinises, or in any other house or pre-
mises, within five huudrt-d yards, such dealer or retailer shall continue to
make entry with the officers of excise of every place made use of by him
for the keeping or storing of or dealing in, or retailing wine, on pain of for-
feiting for every imentcred house, room, cellar, vault, or place. 50/., together
with all wini' and other liquors which maybe found therein ; and it shall be
lawful for any officer of excise at any time to enter inio any place used by
any such dealer or retailer fur keeping wine, and to examine all wino
therein. ^ 4.
Permiis. — So much of any Act as relates to the requiring of permits for the
removal of wine is repealed. § 5.
Licenses fur dealing in ll'ine. — Nothing in this Act shall extend to affect the
dutieson licenses required to be taken out by dealers in and retailers of wine ;
but every dealer in and retailer of wine shall take out a license, and pay for
the sainu in the same manner as if this Act had not been passed. 6 6.
146 VmTED KmGDOM.—luPonTs.— Duties, cfc. [1837-8.
Wine, co?itinued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Licenses to yell Beer, Spirits, atul Wine in Theatres, <^e. — The commissioners
and orKcers of excise are hereby authoriz; tl to grant retail licenses to any
person to sell beer, spirits, and wine in any theatre established under a
royal patent, or in any theatre or other ])lace of public ciitertainment
licensed by the lord chamberlain or by justices of the peace, ^vithout the
production by the person applying for such license or licenses of any cer-
tificiite or authority for such person to keep a common inn, alehouse, or
victualling house.
J'ntting. — By C. O., .Time 20, 1837, the allowauces to be made on Wine Vatted in a similar
minner to those ou Britisli Plantation SjiLiits (page 125, subject to the allowances specified in
§ 19, 3 and 4 Will. IV.. c. 57. p. 144.)
Jemsheed was the first who discovered wue. He was immoderately fond of grapes, and
desired to preserve some, which were placed in a lai'ge vessel and lodged in a vault for future
use. When the vessel was opened, the grapes had fermented : their juice was so acid, that
the king believed it must be yioisonous : he had some bottles filled with it, and Poison written
upon each: these were placed in his room. It happened that one of his favourite ladies was
affected with nervous headaches-: the pain distracted her so much, that she desired death :
obsei'ving a bottle with poison written on it, she took it and swallowed its contents. The
wine, for such it had become, overpowered the lady, who fell into a sound sleep, and awoko
much refreshed. Delighted with the remedy, she repeated the doses so otten, that the king's
poison was all drunk. He soon discovered this, and forced the lady to confess what she hail
done. A quantity of wine was made; and Jemsheed and all his court drank of the new
beverage, which, from the manner of its discovery, is to this d;iy known in Persia by the
name of Zeher-e-khoosh, or the Delightful Poison.— Sir J. Malcolm.
The wines in daily use on every gentleman's table are, it is presumed, sufficiently known for
fieneral purposes. It would seem needless, therefoie, to go into an enlarged description of
them here ; tie more especially as there are several books extant on the subject. " Dr.
Henderson's History of Ancient and Modern Wines" is a very elaborate and indeed
splendid work. Mr. Cyrus Ueddiug has also written a Treatise on Modem Wines, which
is understood to be a worlc of merit. — Ed.
Wire, Brass or Copper, cwt.
Gilt or Plated, 100/. val.
Iron, cwt. ....
Latten, cwt. ....
Silver, 100/?. val. ....
Steel, lb. ....
Wire is a piece of metal drawn throuj;h the hole of an iron into a thread of a fineness answer-
able to the hole it passed tlirough. Wires ai'e frequently drawn so fine as to be wrought
along with other threads of silk, wool, flax, &c. The metals most commonly drawn iulo
wire are gold, silver, copper, and iron. Gold wire is made of cylindrical ingots of siher,
covered over with a skin of gold, and thus drawn successsively through a vast number of
holes, each smaller and smaller, till at last it is brought to a finoness exceeding that of hair.
— Ency. Britan.
Woad, cwt. . , . . . .010
This plant is indigenous in almost every country in Em-ope. The result of experiments made
in various places leaves no doubt as to the facility of extractuig iuaigo from woad ; and it-
has been clearly proved that this indigo, being of the same nature with that procured from
America, miyht replace this latter with advantage and economy, even in time of peace. The
good balls are distinguished by their inside being of a violet colour, and having an agreeable
odour ; those which have been injured by the woad being gatliered during' tlie rain have an
earthy appearance in the inside, and a disagreeable smell; the mouldy and rotten ones have
lost their substance and are light. W hen these cones are dry, the cidtivi.tor sells them to the
jiwholesale merchant, who ought to make them undergo a new fermentation before he delivers
them to the dyers. The indigo of the Indies has obtained a pr<'ferencc to the woad, and the
use of the latter has been nearly abandoned. — Published in Fruiice hi/ order of the Count
Montalivet, Minister of the Interior, and translated In/ the Rev. T. Radcliff'.
WOOD.
Anchor Stocks, piece .....
imported from* B. P., in America, piece .
Balks, under 5in. sq., and under 24 ft. in length, 120
under 5 in. sq. and 24 ft. in length, or upwards, 120 .
5 in. sq. or upwards are subject to the duties on Fir
Timber.
• imported from* B. P. in America, viz.
* Europe. — l!y 5 and 6 Will. IV., c. 40, (Aug. 31, 1835,) the duties piiyable upon wood im-
ported from Europe shall be due upon woud the produce of Europe, ul'lhough imported from
some B. P. in America.
2
10
0
25
0
0
1
0
0
1
{)
0
25
0
0
0
1
10
0
8
4
0
0
10
18
2
7
27
0
0
£
s. d.
3
5 0
4
17 ti
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.-Imports.— DM^eV*,^c. 147
Wood, cotitinued, viz. : —
Balks under 5 in. sq. and under 24 feet in length, 120
under 5 in. sq., and 24 ft. in length, or upwards, 120
- — 5 in. sq. or iqjwards are subject to the duties on Fir
Timber.
Battkns, Imported into Great Britain, viz.
6 ft. in length, and not ex. 1 6 ft. in length, not
above 7 in. in width, and not above 2f in. thick, 120
(or, 1*. 8rf. each) . . . .10 0 0
— — ex. 16 ft. in length and not ex. 21 ft. in length,
not above 7 in. in width, and not ex. 1% in. thick, 120
(or 1*. Ud. each) . . . . 11 10 0
— — ex. 21 ft. in length and not ex. 45 ft. in length,
not above 7 in. in width, and not ex. 2| in. thick, 120
(or 3*. -id. each) . . . . . 20 0 0
ex. 45 ft. in length, or above 2| in. thick (not
being timber 8 in. sq.) load of 50 cubic ft. (or Is. a
foot) . . . . r . . 2 10 0
and further, 120 (or Is. each) . . .600
■ — growth and produce of B. P. in America, and im-
ported dii-ectly thence into Great Britain, viz.
6 ft. in length, and not ex. 16 ft. in length, not
above 7 in. in width, and not ex. 2f in. thick, 120 . 10 0
ex. 16 ft. in length and not ex. 21 it. in length,
not above 7 in. in width, and not ex. 2J in. thick, 120 13 0
■ ex. 21 ft. in length, not above 7 in. in width, or if
ex. 2| in. thick, 120 . . . . 0 0
Imported into Ireland, viz. :
8 ft. in length and not ex. 12 ft. in length, not
above 7 in. in width, and not ex. 3^ in. thick, 120 . 8 6 3
ex. 12 ft. in length and nut ex. 14 ft. in length,
not above 7 in. in width, and not ex. 3^ in. thick, 120 9 14 0
ex. 14 ft. in length and not ex. 16 ft. in length,
not above 7 in. in width, and not ex. 3^ in. thick, 120 11 1 8
ex. 16 ft. in length, and not ex. Ih ft. in length,
not above 7 in. in width, and not ex. 3x in. thick, 120 12 9 4
ex. 18 ft. in length, and not ex. 20 ft. in length,
not above 7 in. in width, and not ex. 3:^ in. thick, 120 13 17 2
ex. 20 ft. in length, and not ex. 45 ft in length,
not above 7 in. in width, and not ex. 3^ in. thick, 120 34 0 1
ex. 45 ft. in length or above 3^ in. thick (not being
timber 8 in. sq.) load of 50 cubic ft. . 2 10 IJ
and further, 120 . . . .600
Batten Ends, Imported into Great Britain, viz. "
under 6 ft. in length, not above 7 in. in width, and
not ex. 2J in. thick, 120 , . . .300
under 6 ft. in length, not above 7 in. in width, and
ex. 2| in. thick, 120 . . . .600
growth and produce of B. P. in America, and im-
ported directly thence into Great Britain, viz.
under 6 ft. in length, not above 7 in. in width, and
not ex. 2f in. thick, 120 . . . .076
under 6 ft. in length, not above 7 in. in width, and
ex. 2| in. thick, 120 . . . . 0 15 0
Imported into Ireland, viz.
under 8 ft. in length, not above 7 in. in width, and
not ex. 3i in. thick, 120 . . . . 4 14 5
under 8 ft. in length, if ex. 3^ in. thick, 120 . 9 3 1
I. 2
143 UNITED KINGDOM.-lMPORT.s.~r>«//e.y,c^-c. [1837-8.
Wood, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Battens and Batten Ends of all sorts, of the growth and pro-
duce of B. P. in America, and imported directly thence
into Ireland, 120 . . . . .083
Small Quantities. See Deals.
Beech Plunk, 2 in. thick or upwards, load of 50 cuhic ft. . 2 8 9
of all sorts, of the growth and produce of 13. P. in
America, and imported directly thence, 120 . 0 8 4
Beech Qur.rters, under j in. sq. and under 24 ft. in length,
120 ^ . . . . . . . 4 10
5 in. sq. and under 8 in. sq., or if 24 ft. in length, or
upwards, 120 . . . . . . 12 3 6
of all sorts under 8 in. sq., of the growth and produce
of B. p. in America, and imported directly thence, 120 . 0 16 3
Beech is not useful in building, because it rots so soon in damp places, but it is useful for piles
in situations where it will be constantly wet ; and it is very useful for vaiious tooU, for
which its uuirorm texture and hardness render it superior to any other wood : it is also mui'h
used for furniture, and great quantities are broujjht to London in boards and planks,
liefore cast iron was introduced much beech was used for railways for the collieries about
Newcastle. — Tredtju!d.
Boards, viz.
Beech Boards, under 2 in.'thick, and under 15 ft. in
length, 120 . . '. . . .496
under 2 in. thick, and if 1 5 ft. in length, or up-
AA'ards, 120 . . . . . 8 19
Clap Boards, not ex. 5 ft. 3 in. in length, and under
8 in. sq., 120 . ... . .620
growth and produce of B. P. in America, and im-
ported directly thence, 120 . . . 0 12 4
Linn Boards or White Boards for Shoemakers, under
4 ft. in length, and under 6 in. thick, 120 . . 6 16 0
4 feet in length, or 6 in. thick, or upwards . 13 13 0
■ Oak Boards, under 2 in. thick, and under 15 ft.
in length, 120 . . . . , 18 1 0
■ under 2 in. thick, and if 15 ft. in length or up-
wra-ds, 120 . . . . . 3G 2 0
Outside Slabs, or Paling Boards, hewed on one side,
not ex. 7 ft. in length, and not above 1^ in. thick, 120 . 2 0 0
hewed "on one side, ex. 7 ft. in length, and not ex.
12 ft. in length, and not above U in. thick, 120 . . 4 0 0
• hciced on one side, ex. 12 ft. in length, or ex. \ in.
thick, are subject in the duties payable on Deals.
hewed on one side, growth and produce of B. P. in
America, and imported directly thence, viz.
not exceeding 7 ft. in length, and not above IJ- in.
thick, 120 . , . .'.050
ex. 7fc. in length and not ex. 12 ft. in length, and
not above 1^ in. thick, 120 . . . . 0 10 0
ex. 12 ft. in length, or ex. \^ in. thick, are subject
to the duties payable o??. Deals.
■ Pipe Boards, above 3 ft. 3 in. in length, and not ex.
8 ft. in length, and under 8 in. sq., 120 . . 9 3 0
ex. 8 ft. in length, and under 8 in. sq., 120 . 18 6 0
of all sorts, ex. 5 ft. 3 in. in length, and under 8
in. sq., growth and produce of B. P. in America, and
imported directly thence, 120 . . . 0 19 6
Wainscot I'oards, the foot, of 12 ft. in length, and 1
i
in. thick, and so in proportion for any greater or lesser
length or thickness . . . . .040
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports— i)«//e5, c^r. 14!)
Wood, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Boards of all sorts not ollierwise enumerated, growtli
and produce of any 13. P. in America, and imported di-
rectly thence, 120 " . . . . .084
By 3 .and 4 Will. I\'., c. ')1, ) 2, boanl-i, being the jiioiluce of Knropo, shall
luit he iinported into the Unite<i Kingdom to he used therein, excejit in
British ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce,
or in shijis from which the goods are imported.
Bowsprits. See ]\Iasts, page 152.
By C. O., Jan. .'W, 1833, deiils arc pevmitlod to be sawn in bund for exportation, wiihout special
.ippUcation hoing made in oacli case to tlie commissioners, on condition tliat tlio operation
be conliriod to sawiiij; tliom thinner only, and that their identity be preserved l)y leaving a
suflicieiit pi>rlion of one end uncnt, the operation being performed dnring the legal hours of
business, and in the Ijoniting yards.
15y T. L, Jan. 4, 1822, their Lordships authorize deals commonly railed Sirew Hoards, not
exceeding 8 feet in leugtli, brought as stowage for cargoes for hemp and flax, to be destroyed
or rendered unfit lor any purpose of manufacture, by reducing them to lire wood, and to be
admitted to entry as such.
Box Wood. See p. 55.
Brazil Wood. See p. 55.
Brazilletto Wood. See p. 55.
Camwood. See p. 57.
Cedar Wood. See p. 59.
Cocus Wood. See Ebony, p. 73.
Deals to be used in Mines, above 7 in. in width, being 8 ft.
in length and not above 10 ft. in length, and not ex. U in.
thick, 120 . . . . .".826
• Imported into Great Britain, viz. :
above 7 in. in width, being G ft. in length and not
above 16 ft. in length, and not ex. 3j in. thick, 120
(or 3*. 2rf. each) " . . . . 19 0 0
above 7 in. in width, above 16 ft. in length and not
above 21 ft. in length, and not ex. 3? in. thick, 120
(or 3.V. 8(/. each) . . . . . 22 0 0
above 7 in. in width, above 21 ft. in length and not
above 45 ft. in length, and not above 3| in. thick, 120
(or 7s. Ad. ea(di) . . . . . 44 0 Q
above 45 ft. in length, or above ?j\ in. thick (not
being timber 8 in. sq. or upwards), load of 50 cubic
ft. (or 1*. a foot) . . . . .2100
and further, V20 {oY \fi. e[iQ:\\) . , .600
growth and produce of B. P. in America, and import-
ed directly thence into Great Britain, viz. :
above 7 in. in width, being 6 ft. in length and not
above 16 ft. in length, and not ex. 31 in. thick, 120
(or 4d. each) . • . . .200
above 7 in. in width, above 16 ft. in length and
not above 21 ft. in length, and not ex. 3\ in. thick, 120
(or !Jd. each) . . . . .2100
above 7 in. in width, being 6 ft. in length and not
above 21 ft. in length, and ex. 3| in. thick, 120 (or St/.
each) . . . . . .400
• above 7 in. in width, ex. 21 ft. in length, and not
ex. 4 in. thick, 120 (or inrf. each) , . .500
above 7 in. in width, ex. 21 ft. in length, and not
ex. 4 in. thick (not being timber 8 in. sq. or upwards),
120 (or Lv. 8rf. each) . . . . 10 0 0
Imported into Irehmd, I'iz. : —
above 7 in. in width and not ex. 12 in. in width,
and not ex. 3| in. thick, viz. :—
12
9
5
14
1]
0
16
12
6
18
14
1
20
15
7
150 UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Dw^«M, <^c. [1837-8.
Wood, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
above 8 ft. in length, and not ex. 12 ft. in length,
120 .
ex. 12 ft. in length and not ex. 14 ft., 120
ex. 14 ft. in length and not ex. 16 ft., 120
ex. 16 ft. in length and not ex. 18 ft., 120
ex. 18 ft. in length and not ex. 20 ft., 120
above 7 in. in width, and not ex. 12 in. in width,
and ex. 3} in. thick, viz. :
above 8 ft. in length and not ex. 20 ft., 1 20 . 4111 3
above 7 in. in width and not ex. 12 in. in width,
and not ex. 4 in. thick, and ex. 20 ft. in length, 120 51 9 2
above 7 in. in width and not ex. 12 in. in width,
and ex. 4 in. thick, and ex. 20 ft. in length, 120 . 100 6 1
Deal Ends, Imported into Great Britain, viz. : —
above 7 in. in width, being under 6 ft. in length,
and not ex. 3| in. thick, 120 (or I*, each) . , 6 0 0
above 7 in. in width, being under 6 ft. in length,
and ex. 3| thick, 120 (or 2.9 each) . . . 12 0 0
growth and produce of B. P. in Amorica, and imported
directly thence into Great Britain, viz. : —
above 7 in. in width, under 6 ft. in length, and not
ex. 3^ in. thick, 120 (or ]^ each) . . . 0 15 0
above 7 in. in width, under 6 ft. in length, and ex.
3| in. thick, 120 (or 3rf. each) . . . 1 10 0
Imported into Irelajid viz. : —
above 7 in. in width and not ex. 12 in. in width,
and under 8 ft. in length, viz. . —
not ex. 3| in. thick, 120 . . . 7 18
ex. 3i in- thick, 120 . . . . 13 14 8
Deals and Deal Ends of all sorts, growth and produce of B.
P. in America, and imported directly thence into Ireland,
120 . . . ' . . .083
And further, on all Deals and Deal Ends imported into
Ireland, of the aforesaid lengths and thicknesses, but
of the following widths, the additional duties follow-
ing, viz. : —
If ex. 12 in. in width and not ex. 15 in. in width,
25^. per cent, or one-f)urth of the aforesaid rates.
If ex. 15 in. in width and not ex. 18 in. in width,
50Z. per cent, or one half of the aforesaid rates.
If ex. 18 in. in width and not ex. 21 in. in width,
75/. per cent, or three-fourths of the aforesaid rates.
If ex. 21 in. in width, 100/. per cent, or an addi-
tional duty equal to the aforesaid rates respectively.
Drnwhacks. — By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 58, § 12, for all deals and timber here-
in-after described, bein^ of the growth of Norway and imported direct
thence, and used in the mines of tin, lead, or copper in the counties of
Devon or Cornwall, or in Ireland, and on which the duties of customs shall
have been paid, there shall be paid the several drawbacks herein-after men-
tioned ; (that is to say), on any such deals being above seven inches in width,
eight feet in length, and not above ten feet in length, and not exceeding one
inch and a half in thickness, the 120, 4/. l.s. 3f/. On any such timber being
five inches square and not exceeding ten inches square, the load fifty cubic
feet, 21. 5s. 3d.
By ^13, the several drawbacks hereby allowed for such deals and such timber
so used shall be paid to the owner of any such mine, under the follovring re-
gulations ; (that is to say,) the purser, agent, or captain of any such mine,
intending to claim the drawback under this Act, shall enter or cause to be
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— 7)M/e>.9, (f-c. 151
Wood, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
entered in a book to be kept for that purpose an account of the quantity of
such deals and timber used and employed in such mine, stating of whom
such deals and timber were purchased, and at what port the same were
stated by the vendor to have been imported, and twice in each year lie shall
deliver an account tliereof to the collector or comptroller of the customs of
tbe port where the duty upon such duals and timber shall h^ive beeu stated
t > have been paid, and shall make and subscribe a declaration before him
to the truth of such account, and shall, if required by such collector or comp-
troller, produce the costs book of such mine.
By § 14, the person or his agent who shall have supplied the said deals and
tuober shall make and subscribe a declaration before the collector nr comp-
troller to the truth of his account for the same, and referring to the impor-
tation thereof and payment of duties thereon, shall further declare that the
deals and timber for" which the duties of customs had been so paid; and
thereupon the collector and comptroller, being satisfied that such deals and
timber were supplied for the use of such mine, and the full duties of cus-
toms had lieen paid thereon, a debenture shall be issued for the payment of
the drawback allowed by this Act; provided, that no debenture for any such
drawback shall be paid after the expiration of three years from t!ie day on
which the duty on any of the deals or timber mentioned in such debenture
had been paid.
By ^ 15, if the purser, agent, or captain of such mine shall deliver any false
account of the quantity of deals or timber used and employed, with the intent
to defraud His Majesty, such purser, agent, or captain shall, on being con-
victed of any such oflence, for the first offence foifeit :^00/., and for every
second or further offence 400/., to be sued for within three months after the
delivery of the account.
Small Quantities. — By C. O., Feb. 18, 1837, deals and battens in small quantities not exceed-
ing half a hundred, and of staves to the extent of one hundred in excess of the masters' re-
ports of cargoes from the British colonies admitted to entry as tlie produce thereof, without
asiiecial application to the board for that purpose.
/Fhi'e Fir or Deal. — White lir is the produce of different species of spruce fir ; that from the
n,>rth of Europe is produced by the Norway spruce, but that from America is produced
either by the white spruce or black spruce. White tir is imported iti deals or planks. The
Norway spruce is a native of mountains in various parts ol Europe and the north of Asia.
The forests of Norway afford it abundantly. A considerable quantity is imported from
Christiana in deals and planks, which are esteemed the best white deals of any ; not so
much. Von Huch says, from the superior quality of the tree, as the regular thickness of the
deals. — Tredgotd.
American Fines, Pitch, Pine, Silver Fir, and Pinaster. — The Weymouth Pine or White Pine, is
a native of North America, and is imported in large logs, often moie than two feet square
and thiity feet in length. It is one of the largest and most useful of the American pines,
and makes excellent masts. The wood is light and soft, but is said to stand the weather
tolerably well. In joiners' work the wood is much used fur mouldings, .and other work,
where clean straight grained wood is desirable ; but it is not durable, nor lit for large tim-
bers, being very liable to take the dry rot. It has a peculiar odour. — Tredguld.
Ebony. See p. 73.
Firewood, not fit or proper to be used other than as such, viz. : —
the fathoni,6 ft. wide and 6 ft. high . . 0 19 0
imported from B. P. in An}erica, the fathom, 6 ft.
wide and 6 ft. high . . . . 0 0 10
By C. ()., Oct. 10, 1820, no wood which is allowed to be reduced to fire -wood, in order that it
may be admitted to Uuty as such, is to pass under the latter denomination, unless it be re-
duced to lengths, not eNceeding one foot and a half in measure, or unless it siiall be so split
as to be rendered unfit for any other purposethan tire-wood, which is to be done at the pro-
prietor's expense, and before the measurement iu the fathom takes place.
Fir Quarters, under 5 in. sq. and under 24 ft. in length, 120 18 2 7
under 5 in. sq. and 24 ft. in length, or up-
wards, 120 . , . . . 27 0 0
5 in. sq. or upwards are subject to the duties
payable on Fir Timber.
growth and produce of B. P. in America, and
imported directly thence, viz. :
under 5 in. sq. and under 24 ft. in length, 120 3 5 0
152
UNITED KINGDOM— luvoKrs.— Duties, <$-€. [1837-8.
Wood, contmiied, viz. : —
under 5 in. sq. and 24 ft. in length or unvvards,
120 . . . . . / .
■ 5 in. s(\. or upwards, are subject to the duties
payable on Fir Timber.
Fir Timber. See Timber, p. 1 54.
Fustic. See p. 7G.
Guinea Wood. See p. 78.
Handspikes, under 7 ft. in length, 120
' 7 ft. in lenjTth or upwards, 120 .
imported from B. P. in America*, viz. :
under 7 ft. in length, 120
7 ft. in length or upwards, 120 .
Knees of Oak, under 5 in. sq., 120 . .
5 in. sq. and under 8 in. sq., 120
8 in. sq. or upwards, load of 50 cubic ft
imported from B. P. in America*, viz. :
under 5 in. sq., 120
• 5 in. sq. and under 8 in. sq., 120
8 in. sq. or upwards, load of 50 cubic ft.
Lathwood, in pieces under 5 ft. in length, fathom 6 ft. wide
and 6 ft. high
■ in pieces 5 ft. in length and under 8 ft. in length
fathom 6 ft. wide and 6 ft. high
• 8 ft. in length and under 12 ft. in length, fathom
ft. wide and 6 ft. high ....
12 ft. long or upwards, fathom 6 ft. wide and 6 ft
hisjh
imported from B. P. in America*, viz.
£ s. (I.
4 17 6
2
0
0
4
0
0
0
2
6
0
5
0
0
10
0
4
0
0
1
6
0
0
2
0
0
15
0
0
5
0
4 5 0
6 16 0
10 4 0
13 12 0
0 15 0
1 5 0
in pieces under 5 ft. in length, fathom 6 ft. wide
and 6 ft. high ....
in pieces 5 ft. in length or upwards, fathom 6 ft.
wide and 6 ft. high ....
Logwood. See p. 88.
Mahogany. See p. 88.
Masts, Yards, or Bowsprits, 6 in. in diara. and under 8 in.,
each .......
• 8 in. in diam. and under 12 in., each
12 in. in diam. or upwards, load of 50 cubic ft.
imported from B. P. in America*, viz. :
• G in. in diam. and under S in., each .
• 8 in. in diam. and under 12 in., each .
■ 12 in. in diam. or upwards, load of 50 cubic ft..
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. r)4, § 2, masts being the produce of Europe shall not
be imported into the United Kingdom, to be used therein^ except in British
ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce, or ia
ships of the country from which the goods are imported.
Nicaragua Wood. See p. 92.
Oak Plank, 2 in. thick or upwards, load of 50 cubic ft. . 4 0 0
of the growth of B. P. in America, and imported di-
rectly thence, viz. :
■ — ' 2 in. thick or upwards, load of 50 cubic ft. . 0 15 0
Oak Timber. See Timber, p. 154.
Oars, 120 . 14 19 3
growth of B. P. in America, and imported directly
thence, 120 . .. . . . . . . 0 19 6
0
8
0
1
2
0
2
15
0
0
1
G
0
4
0
0
10
0
* As to Europe, see note (o ji. 146,
1S37-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— D«i?W, .^^c. 153
Wood, continued, viz. : — • £ g. d.
Olive Wood. See p. 98.
Red Wood. See p. 106.
Rose Wood. Seep. 107.
Santa Maria Wood. See p. 1 09.
Sapan Wood. See p. 10 'J.
Speckled AVood. See p. 121.
Spars, under 2'2 ft. in length, and under 4 in. in diam. ex-
clusive of the bark, 120 . . . .280
'22 ft. in length or upwards, and midcr 4 in. in diam.,
exclusive of the bark, 120 . . . .450
4 in. in diam. and under 6 in. in diam. exclusive of the
bark, 120 . . . . . .900
of the growth of B. P. in America, and imported thence,
viz. :
under 22 ft. in length, and under 4 in. in diam., exclu-
sive of the bark, 120. . . . .090
22 ft. in length or upwards, and under 4 in. in diam ,
exclusive of the bark, 120 . . . . 0 16 0
• 4 in. in diam. and under 6 in. in diam., exclusive of the
bark, 120 . . . . . . 1 15 0
Spokks for Wheels, not ex. 2 ft. in length, 1000 . .3 7 4
• ex. 2 ft. in length, 1000 . . . . 6 14 8
of all sorts, growth of B. P. in America, and imported
directly thence, 1000 . . . . .064
Staves, not ex. 3C in. in length, not above 3 in. thick, and
not ex. 7 in. in breadth, 120 . . . .13 0
above 36 in. in length and not ex. 50 in. in length, not
above 3 in. thick, and not ex. 7 in. in breadth, 120 . 2 6 0
above 50 in. in length and not ex. 60 in. in length, not
above 3 in. thick, and not ex. 7 in. in breadth, 120 , 3 0 0
above 60 in. in length and not ex. 72 in. in length, not
above 3 in. thick, and not ex. 7 in. in breaclth, 120 . 4 4 0
above 72 in. in length, not above 3 in. thick, and not
ex. 7 in. in breadth, 120 . . . . 4 16 0
■ above 3 in. thick, or above 7 in. in breadth, and not ex.
63 in. in length, shall be deemed Clap Boards, and be
charged with Duty accordingly.
■ above 3 in. thick, or above 7 in. in breadth, and ex. 63
in. in length, shall be deemed pipe boards, and be charged
with duty accordingly.
imported from B. P. in America, and imported directly
thence ; viz. not ex. 36 in. in length, not above 3i in.
thick, and not ex. 7 in. in breadth, 120 . . . 0 2 0
• above 36 in. in length and not ex. 50 in. in length, not
above 3^ in. thick, and not ex. 7 in. in breadth, 120 . 0 4 0
•^ above 50 in. in length, and not ex. 60 in. in length, not
above 3j in. thick, and not ex. 7 in. in breadth, 120 . 0 6 0
above 60 in. in length, and not ex. 72 in. in length, not
above 3^ in. thick, and not ex. 7 in. in breadth, 120 . 0 8 0
above 72 in. in length, and not above Zh in. thick, and
not ex. 7 in. in breadth, 120 (Icf. each) . ' . . 0 10 0
■ not ex. \h in. thick shall be charged with one-third
part of the duty herein charged on such staivv.
above 3| in. thicfi, or above 7 in. in breadth, and not
ex. 63 in. in length, shall be deemed Clap Boards, and he
charged with duty accordingly.
154 UNITED KINGDOM.— IMPORTs.~DM<^■e*, <f-c. [1837-8.
Wood, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
above 3i in. thick, or above 7 in. in breadth, and ex.
63 in length, shall be deemed Pipe boards, and be charged
with duty accordingly.
of uneven thickness, imported from, the B. P. in
America.
By C. C, May 25, 1836, staves which exceed \\ inches in thickness thvoufjhout the minimum
lenfjth of the staves, to be chargod with duty as staves not above-3i inclies. For example,
60-72, if exceeding 1^ inches in thickness throughout the lengtli of 60 inches, to be charged
as not exceeding 3^ inclies.
Sticks. Seep. 127.
Sweet Wood. See p, 133.
Teak Wood, load * . . . . . 0 10 0
imported from any B. P. within the Hmits of the
East India Company's charter, load . . .001
(6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 60.)
Teak wood is a native of the mountainous parts of the Malabar and Coromandel coasts, as
well as of Java, Ceylon, and other parts of the Kast Indies. The wood of the teak tree is
by far the most useful timber in India; it is lii;ht, easily worked, and, thougii porous, it is
strong and durable ; it requires little seasoning, and shrinks very little; it is rather of an
oily nature, therefore does not injure iron ; and is the best wood in that country for ship-
timber, house carpentry, or any other work where strong and durable wood is required.
Malabar teak is esteemed superior to any other in India, and is extensively used tor ship-
building at Bombay. — Tredgold.
Timber, Fir Timber, 8 in. sq. or upwards, load . . 2 15 0
imported from any B. P. in America, 8 in. sq. or
upwards, load . . . . .0100
Red or yellow fir is the produce of the Scotch fir tree ; it is a native of the hills of Scotland,
and other northern parts of Europe, and common in Russia, Denmark, Norway, Lapland,
and Sweden. The great forests of Norw ay and Sweden consist almost entirely of Scotch fir
and spruce fir. The Scotch fir is exported from thence in logs and deals, under the name of
Red-wood. Norway exports no trees above 18 inches diameter, consequently there is much
sap-wood ; but the heart- wood is both stronger and more durable than that of larger trees from
other situations. Riga exports a considerable quantity under the name of masts and spars :
those pieces from 18 to 25 inches diameter are called masts, and are usually 70 or 80 feet in
lencth; those of less than 18 inches diameter are called spars. According to Mr. Coxe, the
griater jiart of the Riga timber is grown in the districts near the Dnieper. Yellow deals
and planks are imported from Stockholm, Gefle, Fredeiickshnll, Christiana, and various
other ports of Norway, Sweden, Prussia, and Russia. — Tredgold.
Oak Timber, 8 in. sq. or upwards, load . . 2 15 0
of the growth of B. P. in America, and imported
directly thence, 8 in. sq. or upwards, load . . , 0 10 0
Timber of all sorts, not particularly enumerated nor
otherwise charged with duty, being 8 in. sq. or upwards,
load . . . . . . .18 0
Timber of all sorts not particularly enumerated or
described, nor otherwise charged with duty, being of the
growth of B. P. in America, and impprted directly thence,
8 in. sq. or upwards, load . . . .050
Timber used in the building of churches and chapels. See
p. 60.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, § 2, Timber, beiutj the produce of Europe, shall
not be imjiorted into the United Kingdom to he used therein, except in British
ships, or in ships of the country of which t-)ic floods are the pmdiice, or in
ships of the country from which the goods are imported.
Of the Oak there are several species, which produce valuable timber. Vitruvius enumerates
five kiuilh, viz. the Hscuhis, the C:'rrus, the Quercus, the Suber, and the Robur; the tmiber
of each lieing (iistingaished by iis peculiar properties ; but it would be difficult to identify
some of the kinds mentioned by him with the species described by botanical writers. In
general the English oak is spoken of by practical men as though there were but one species,
and no difference in the ([uality of the wood, except that produced by soil and situation;
but two distinct species have been long known to English botanists. Common British
* The load contains ."JO cubic feet.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— luvoms.— Duties, 4-c, 155
Wood, continued, viz. : — £ .v. d.
oak is founfl throughout the temperate parts of Kurope.and is that which is most commonly
met witli ill the woods and hedges of the south of England. In favourable situations this
species attains an immense size. — Tredgold.
Trees. See p. 102.
Ufors, under 5 in. sq. and under 24 ft. in length, 120 . 18 2 7
under 5 in. sq. and 24 ft. in length or upwards, 120 . 27 0 0
5 in. sq. or upwards are subject to the duties payable
on fir timber.
— ■ — Im'ported from B.. P. in America* viz.
under 5 in. sq. and under 24 ft. in lenojth, 120 . 3 5 0
under 5 in. sq. and 24 ft. in length or upwards, 120 4 17 6
5 in. sq. or upwards are subject to the duties
payable on fir timber.
Wainscot Logs, 8 in. sq. or upwards, load t . . 2 15 0
growth of B. P. in America, and imported directly
thence, load . . . . . .0120
Zebra Wood. Seep. 157.
Wood, unmanufactured, growth of B. P. in America, not
particularly enumerated, nor otherwise charged with
duty, 100/. val. . . . . ' . .500
Unmanufactured, not particularly enumerated, and on
which the duties due on the importation are payahJe ac-
cording to the value thereof, being of the growth of the
British limits within the province of Yucatan in the Bay
of Honduras, and imported directly from the said Bay,
100/. val. , . . . . .500
Unmanufactured, not particularly enumerated, nor
otherwise charged with duty, 100/. val. . . . 20 0 ff
Wool, Beaver, lb. . . . . .017
Cut and combed, lb. . . . .049
The Beaver is fo uid in the northern parts of Europe and Asia, but most abundantly in North
America. Tlie fur is coarse and of a ferruginous browu colour, bi'iieath wliicli, and close
to the body, is found a tine down. — Ency. Metrop.
Coney, lb. . . . . . .002
— — Cotton, or waste of cotton wool, cwt. . . . 0 2 11
the produce of and imported from B. P., cwt. . 0 0 4
By T. L., March 19, 1821, 2 per cent, is to be allowed for tare on cotton wool from the Brazils
and .St. Domingo, aii<l A per rent, on cotton wool from all other places (exclusive of ropes)
except in cases where the merchant shall require tlio actual tare to be ascertained, or where
the officers of the revenue may deem such a proceeding advisable.
Previously to 1790, tlie supply of raw cotton for the British manufacture was principally
derived from the West Indies and the Levant. But, after the termination of the American
war, cotton began to be cultivated in Carolina and Georgia, and has succeeded ^o well that
it now forms one of the most valuable iiroductions of the United States. American cotion
is generally known by the uamis of Sea Island and Upland. The former is tlie tinest cotton
imported into Britain. The Upland is so very difficult to separate from the seed, that it
was for a considerable period not worth cultivating. But the genius of a Mr. Whitney, who
invented a machine which separates the wool from the seed with the utmost facility, has
done for the planters of Carolina and Ueorgia what the genius of Arkwright did for the
manufactures of Lancashire. Mr. Whitney took out a patent for his invention, and sold the
right to use it to the State of South Carolina for 50,000 dollars. — Edin. Rev.
Goat's, or hair, lb. . . . . .001
the produce of and imported from B. P. . . Free.
Hares', lb. . . . . . .002
Lambs'. See Sheeps' Wool, next page.
Red or Vicunia Wool, lb. . . . .006
Bed Wool is used for the making of Cashmere shawls, which, says the editor of the Quarterly
Review, continue to be sold frora50Ui. to iOOO/. each. — Ed.
• As to Europe, see note to p. 146. f The load contains 50 cubit feet.
156
UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— I>/<^;>s, ^r. [1837-8.
"Wool, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Sheep or Lambs' Wool, viz.
not of val. of ]s. the lb. thereof, lb. . . 0 0 0^
• of the val. of l5. the lb. or upwards, lb. . . 0 0 1
the produce of and imported from B. P. . . Free.
By 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 54, 6 '-', Wool, being the produce of Europe, shall
not be imported into the United Kingdom /o be used therein, except in British
ships, or in ships of the country of which the goods are the produce, or in
ships of the country from which the goods are imported.
Tare. — By T. L., Oct. 13, 1820, the rate of tare to be Mlowed on all Spanish wool is fixed at
101b. the cwt. on all bat;s of ordinary texture ; it being however distinctly understood that
the officer is to be .it full liberty to proceed to tare any bags which in his jud2;mcnt may
appear to be loss than 81b. the cwL, or any bags which may be of a different texture from
those in which Spanish wool is ordinarily imported ; or whenever he may liave occasioQ to
suspect the fraudulent concealment of any otlier article than wool in any package.
History.— Tu tlie late King of Saxony is diic the merit of having first brought the breed of
Spanish Merino sheep into Germany, which has since transferred the valuable tr.ade in fiiie
wool almost wholly from the Spanish to the German soil. From the period of its first intro-
duction until 1814, when Europe once more began to eujoy the blessinirs of a general peace,
this wool was gradually, although slowly, spreading itself over the surface of the kingdom
of Saxony; but when iho continental trade was thrown quite open, by the events of the
short campaign of 1815, and men's minds were set at rest by the final catastrophe of Napo-
leon, the Saxon wool dealers began to open a regular trade in the article to England, and
they soon discovered the real value of this new branch of German commerce. Lnfortu-
nat'ely for the Spanisli flock-masters, the captains of Bonaparte's armies which invaded
Spaiii drove several of the finest flocks into France, and many others were killed or dispersed
by .the various parties who were ravaging that coimtry during the contest for its dominion.
So completely were.they destroyed, and the original system of keeping the sheep lost, by
the convulsions of that period, that the wool has degenerated into a quality not worth more
than one-third of the same stock of sheep in Germany. In the year 1795, a small flock of
sheep, not exceeding one dozen, was brought to the upper colony of New .^outh Wales, from
the Cape of Good Hope, by Captain 'Waterhouse; these formed the nucleus of the vast
flocks which now exist there ; although the quantity of wool they yielded for a long period
was too small to form a shipment to this country. — Foreign Quarterly Rev.
^Prices of Nov. 8, 1837, and of the Same Period Last Year.
Upland, inferior
middling
fine
good fair
good
Ne'w Orleans, inferior ....
middling
fair ,.
good fair
good
very choice gin marks
Jlobile, inferior
middling
good fair
good
Alabama, inferior
fair
good fair
Sea Island, sto. and saw ginned
inferior
mid. ,..•...
fair clean, not fine • • .
good clean, and rather fine
fine and clean ....
Pernambuco
Maranham .......
IBahia
Egyptian
Surat
Demerara
West India
Carthagena
1837.
1836.
4J
5|
n
55
7
47-
(if
f.
6
12
13
14
15
18
8.i
3'
5.1
6'
°g
8
5|
6J
6i
9
5^
6
n
8
5
51
6|
12
13
14
15
17
30
101
13
6
13
10
5.1
n
11
8
8i
91
10«
111
12^
8
81
10|
114
9
9
19
22
24
25
28
12
lOj
13
10
9
H
10
11
111
8i
i?
12i
14
8|
1?^
12
81
%
19
22
24
25
28
36
14
14
12
n
14,
12
9
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Imports.— Dw/te*, .J-^;. 157
Wool, continued, viz.: — £ s. d.
Woor.LKNS, Manufactures of wool not bcinci; Goats' Wool,
or of wool mixed with cotton, not particulaily enumerated
nor otherwise charijed with duty, 1 00/. val. . . 15 0 0
■ Articles of manufacture of wool not bein<jj Goats' Wool,
or of wool mixed with cotton, wholly or in part made up,
not otherwise charged with duty, 100/. val. . . 20 0 0
By T. O , Feb. and April 1810, and Aug. 1825, patterns and samples of woollens, useful only
as such, are duty free.
It shall 1)6 lawful for the commissioners of customs to permit any stuffs or
fabrics of silk, linon, cotton, or wool, or of any mixture of them with any
other material, to be taken out of the warehouse to be cleaneil, refreshed,
tl3'e(l, staineil, or caknukred, or to be bleached or printed, without payment
of duty of customs, under security ; nevertheless, by bond to their satisfac-
tion, that such goods shall be returned to the warehouse within the time
that they shall appoint. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57, § 35.
Wreck. See Derelict, p. 72.
Y.
Yarn, Cable, cwt. . . . . . 0 10 9
Camel or Mohair, lb. . . . .001
Raw Linen, cwt. . . . . .010
Worsted, lb. . . . . .006
z.
Zaffre, cwt. . . . . . .010
The Zaffre that is commonly sold, and which comes from Saxony, is a mixture of oxide of
cobalt with some vitriliable earth. It is of a f<rey colour, as all the oxides of cobalt are
before vitrification. — Ure.
Zebra Wood, ton . . . . .200
Goods, being either in purt or wholly manufactured,
and not being enumerated nor otherwise charged trith
duty, and not prohibited to be imported into or used in
Great Britain or Ireland, \QQl.val. (or one-fifth] . 20 0 0
Goods, not being either in part or icJiolly manufactured,
and not being enumerated nor otherwise cJiarged with
duty, and not prohibited to be imported into, or used in
Great Britain or Ireland, 100/. ral. for Is. in the £.) . 5 0 0
Mauritius. — All goods, the produce or 7nanufacture of the
Island of Mauritius, are subject to the same duties as are
imprised on the like goods, the produce or manufacture of
the British Possessions in the West Indies.
Cape of Good Hope. — All Goods the produce or manufac-
ture (f the Cape of Good Hope or the territories or de-
pendencies thereof, are subject to the same duties as are
imposed oti the like goods, the produce or manufacture of
the British Possessions within the limits of the East
India Company's Charter, except when any other duty is
expressly imposed thereon.
PART THE THIRD.
UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN
AND IRELAND.
EXPORTS.
[See the Remarks under Imports, p. 38, which are also applicable to Exports.]
Passengers" Baggage. Ship with Baggage only deemed hi Ballast.
— If any passengers are to depart in any ship from the United Kingdom
or from the Isle of Man for parts beyond the seas, it shall be lawful for
the master of such ship to pass an entry and to receive a cocket in his
name for the necessary personal baggage of all such passengers, and duly
to clear such baggage for shipment in their behalf, stating in such clear-
ances the particulars of the packages and the names of the respective
passengers ; and if such ship is to take no other goods than the neces-
sary personal baggage of passengers actually going the voyage, it shall
be lawful for such master to enter such ship outwards in ballast for pas-
sengers only ; and if no other goods than such baggage duly entered and
cleared be taken on board such ship, the same shall be deemed to be a
ship in ballast, notwithstanding such baggage, and shall be described in
the clearance, on the content and on the label to the cocket or cockets,
and on the victualling bill and in the book of ships' entries, as a ship
cleared in ballast, except as to the necessary personal baggage of pas-
sengers going the voyage. 3 & 4 Will. IV., c. 52, s^ 82.
Chalk and Rubbish, and Goods for Private Use. Master to clear
Goods. Ship deemed in Ballast.—lf the master and crew of any foreign
ship which is to depart in ballast from the United Kingdom for parts
beyond the seas shall be desirous to take on board chalk rubbish by way
of ballast, to take with them for their private use any small quantities
of goods of British manufacture, it shall be lawful for such master, with-
out entering such ship outwards, to pass an entry in his name, and
receive a cocket free of any export duty for all such goods, under the
general denomination of *' British Manifactures not Prohibited to be
exported,"^ being for the use and privilege of the master and crew, and
not being of greater value than in the proportion of 20/. for the master,
and 10/. lor the mate, and 5/. for each of the crew, and stating that the
ship is in ballast ; and the master shall duly clear such goods for ship-
ment in behalf of himself and crew, stating in such clearances the parti-
culars of the goods and packages, and the names of the crew who shall
jointly or severally take any of such goods under this privilege; and such
ship shall be deemed to be a ship in ballast, and be cleared as such, and
without a content, notwithstanding such goods or such cocket or cockets ;
and such clearance shall be notified by the collector or comptroller on
the label to the cocket or cockets, and on the victualling bill, and in the
book of ships' entries, as a clearance in ballast, except as to the privilege
of the master and crew. § 83.
By 4 & 5 Will. IV., c. 89, § 3, chalk, slate, and slates to be deemed
ballast.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Exports.— En/ry, <^c. 159
Ships to bring to at Stations. — Every ship departing from any port in
the United Kingdom or in the Isle of Man shall bring to at such stations
within the port as shall he appointed by the commissioners of customs for
the landing of officers from such ships, or for further examination previous
to such departure. § S5.
Entry of Debenture Goods. — No drawback or bounty shall be allowed
upon the exportation from the United Kingdom of any goods, unless
such goods shall have been entered in the name of the person who was
the real owner thereof at the time of entry and shipping, or of the person
who had actually purchased and shipped the same, in his own name and
at his own liability and risk, on commission, according to the practice of
merchants, and who was and shall have continued to be entitled in his
own right to such drawback or bounty, except in cases hereinafter pro-
vided for. s^ 86.
Declaration as to Property and Right of Drawback. — Such owner or
commission merchant shall make and subscribe a declaration upon the
debenture that the goods mentioned therein have been actually exported,
and have not been re-landed, and are not intended to be re-landed in any
part of the United Kingdom, nor in the Isle of Man, (unless entered for
the Isle of Man,) nor in the Islands of Faro or Ferro, and that he was the
real owner thereof at the time of entry and shipping, or that he had pur-
chased and slapped the said goods in his own name and at his own
liability and risk, on commission, as the case may be, and that he was
and continued to be entitled to the drawback or bounty thereon in his
ow-n right : Provided always, that if such owner or merchant shall not
have purchased the right to such drawback or bounty he shall declare
under his hand upon the entry and upon the debenture the person who
is entitled thereto, and the name of such person shall be stated in the
cocket and in the debenture ; and the receipt of such person on the
debenture shall be the discharge for such drawback or bounty. ^S 87.
Owner not resident. Joint Stock Company. — If such owner or mer-
chant shall be resident in some part of the United Kingdom being more
than twenty miles from the Custom-house of the port of shipment, he
may appoint any person to be his agent to make and pass his entry, and
to clear and ship his goods, and to receive for him the drawback or
bounty payable on his debenture, if payable to him, provided the name of
such agent and the residence of such owner or merchant be suljoined to
the name of such owner or merchant in the entry and in the cocket for
such goods ; and such agent, being duly informed, shall make declaration
upon the entry, if any be necessary, and also upon the debenture, in
behalf of such owner or merchant, to the efiect before required of such
owner or merchant, and shall answer such questions touching his know-
ledge of the exportation of such goods and the property therein, and of
the right to the draw'back or bounty, as shall be demanded of him by the
collector or comptroller ; and if any such goods be exported by any cor-
poration or company trading by a joint stock, it shall be lawful for them
to appoint any person to be their agent for the like purposes and with the
like powers to act in their behalf. § 88.
Property of Persons Abroad. — If any goods which are to be exported
for drawback be the property of any person residing abroad, having been
consigned- by the owner thereof to some person as his agent residing in
the United Kingdom, to be exported through the same to purts beyond
the seas, by such agent, upon account of such owner, it shall be lawful
lor such person (being the consignee by whom and in whose name the
duties inwards on such goods had been paid, or his legal representative), in
like manner, as agent for such owner, to enter, clear, and ship such goods
for him, and upon like conditions to receive for him the drawback payable
thereon. $ 89.
Time of Shipment and Payment of Drawback. Goods of less Value
160 UNITED KINGDOM.— Exports.— Dw/iV*. if'C. [1837-8.
tha7i the Drawback. — No drawback shall be allowed upon tlie exportation
of any <;oods unless such goods be shipped within tJiree years after the
payment of the duties inwards thereon, and no debenture for any draw-
back or bounty allowed upon the exportation of any goods shall be paid
after the expiration of iico years from the date of the shipment of such
goods, and no drawback shall be allowed upon any goods which by reason
of damage or decay shall have bi'corae of less value for home use than the
amount of such drawback; and all goods so damaged which shall be
cleared for any drawback shall be forfeited, and the person who caused
such goods to be so cleared shall forreit 200/., or treble the amount of
the drawback in such case, at the election of the commissioners of
customs. ^S 90.
Prohibited Goods and all Goods packed, therewith. — If any goods
which are prohibited to be exported shall be put on board any vessel or
boat with intent to be laden or shipped for exportation, or shall be
brought to the quay, wharf, or other place in the United Kingdom in
order to be put on board any vessel or Ixiat for the purpose of being ex-
ported, or if any goods vvhich are prohibited to be exported be found in
any package produced to the officers of customs as containing goods not
so prohibited, then not only all such prohibited goods, but also all other
goods packed therewith shall be forfeited. 3 & 4 Will. IV., c. 53, ^ 31.
Vessels with Slate and Chalk. — Slate, and slates and chalk, laden on
board any ship bound to foreign parts, shall be deemed to be ballast, and
every such ship having on board slate, and slates and chalk only, or
either of them, shall be deemed to be a ship departing in ballast ; and if
on the return of any such ship any slate, or slates or chalk, be remaining
on board, the same shall be deemed to be the ballast of such ship. 4 & 5
Will. IV., c. 89, ^S 3.
By C. O., Sept. 17, 1834, severnl instances liaving occurred where transports and other
vessels engaged for the conveyance of troops, convicts, &c., and having stores on board Irom
the bonded warehouses, have left the Port of London without being duly cleared outwards
as required by the Act 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 82, it is ordered, that the following regu-
lations be in future adopted ; viz. : — That in the case of sliips hired by government lor the
^oya^e only, to take out convicts or government stores, the master do, on clearing, dcciare
that he is ijound to , with convicts or government stores (as tlie case may be),
having no other goods or merchamlize wliatever on board: and witli regard to transports,
that, in lieu of any clearance, there shall be with the requisition, in virtue of which the store
bond is made out, be delivered to the clerk of the bonds a paper on which it shall be
certified by the searchers that the ship has been taken up as a regular transport by
government, as appears by letter of the Admiralty, dated .
Exporti?ig Prohibited Goods. — If any goods liable to forfeiture for
being shipped for exportation be shipped and exported without discovery
by the officers of customs, the persons who shall have caused such goods
to be exported shall forfeit double the value of such goods. •^ 103.
Prohibited Goods. — The several sorts of goods enumerated or described
hereafter shall be either absolutely prohibited to be exported from the
United Kingdom, or shall be exported only under restrictions, according
as the several sorts of such goods are respectively set forth, viz. ^S ] 04.
[Here follou's in the Act a List of Articles ; but as those articles are all
enumerated binder their respective names in this part, and as all
regulations affecting them, are given under such names, it is consi-
dered unnecessary to insert the List here.'\
NEW DUTIES, &c.
Goods, of the Grotvth,pr<jducp,or manufacture of tJie United
Kingdom (not being subject to other Export Duty, Jior
particularly exempted from Export Duty), \{>fiLval. . 0 10 0
Except the articles mentioned as Duty Free.
The Duties in this Part are all charged by 3 and 4 Will. IF., c. 56.
l83;-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Exports.— Z)«^?H«^c. Ifil
£ '5. d.
The Goods in. this Part all to be deemed British or Irish, unless other-
wise particularly described.
The Suirifi stated in figures are Rates of Customs Duty, unless particu-
lurhj mentioned otherwise.
Packages. — By C. 0., Oct. 12, 1833, 7iew Puncheons, and all other
packages in ivhich it has been'the jiractice to export coals and other
goods, are to be deemed as coming irittiin the meatiing of the general
order of the 9th June, 182G, and to be passed ivithout payment of E.v-
port Duty.
As to Packages of Warehoused Goods, see Part 7.
Ale for Ships' Stores. See Part 7. .
Ammunition and Arms may, by proclamation or order in council, be pro-
hibited to be exported, or waterborne to be exported, on pain of for-
feiture. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c 52, s^ 104.
Arms. See Ammunition, above.
Ashes, Pearl and Pot, may, by proclamation or order in council, be pro-
hibited to be exported, or waterborne to be exported, on pain of
forfeiture. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, ^S 104.
Baggage. See page 50, ■
Beds. See Wool, page 1 75.
Beef and Pork, Warehoused,
Upon the entry outwards of any salted beef or salted pork to be
exported from the warehouse to parts beyond the seas, and. before
cocket be granted, the person in whose name the same shall be
entered shall give security by bond in treble the value of the goods,
with two sufficient sureties, of whom the master of the exporting ship
shall be one, that such beef or ])ork shall be duly shipped and ex-
ported, and that no part thereof shall be consumed on board such
ship, and that the same shall be landed at the place for which it be
entered outwards ; and that a certificate of such landing shall be pro-
duced within a reasonable time, according to the voyage, to be fixed by
the commissioners of customs, and mentioned in the bond, such certi-
ficate to be signed by the otficers of customs or other British officer, if
the goods be landed at a place in the British dominions, or by the
British consul, if the goods be landed at a place not in the British
dominions, or that such goods shall be otherwise accounted for to the
satisfaction of the commissioners; and such master shall make and
sign a declaration that such beef or pork is to be laden on board such
ship as merchandise to be carried to and landed at parts beyond the
seas, and not as stores for the said ship : and if sucii ship shall not
have on board at the time of clearance outwards a reasonable supply
or stock of beef or pork according to the intended voyage borne u])on
the victualling bill, the master of such ship shall forfeit 100/. 3 and 4
Will. IV., c. 5 7, H3.
E.\cise-Dra\vback.
Beer, brewed or made by any entered brewer of beer for sale
in the United Kingdom, and which shall be duly exported
from any part of the United Kingdom to foreign parts as
merchandise, the barrel of 3G gals. . , ' . 0 5 0
[1 Will. IV., c. 54.]
Beer for, ships' stores. See Part 7.
Biscuit. See Corn, page 1G3.
Bobbins. See Tools.
Bran. Sec Corn, page 1G3. • '
162 UNITED KINGDOM.— Exports.— Dm^/>*, (^c. [1837-8.
£ *. d.
Bottles, Glass. See Glass, page 163.
Excise Drawback.
Bricks, not ex. 10 in. long-, 3 in. thick, 5 in. wide, 1000 . 0 5 10
ex. any of the foregoing dimensions, 1000 . . . 0 10 0
Smoothed or polished on one or more side or sides,
the same not ex. the superficial dimensions of 10 in. long
by 5 in. wide, 1000 . . . . "! 0 12 10
such last-mentioned Bricks ex. the aforesaid
superficial dimensions, 100 . . . .025
Bullion, Dutyfree.
Candles. By 1 and 2 Will. IV., c. 1 9, all the duties of excise pay-
able upon candles made in Great Britain, or made in Ireland, and
removed into Great Britain, and all duties upon licenses required to be
taken out by any maker of candles in Great Britain and Ireland, and
all drawbacks for the removal of any candles from Great Britain to
Ireland, or on the exportation of any candles from Great Britain,
shall cease.
Cards and Dice. Playing cards or dice, not being stamped for use in the
United Kingdom, and not having paid the stamp duties, may be ex-
ported, 9 Geo. IV., c. 18, § 28. Playing cards or dice exported con-
trary to law, or re-landed after entry, shall be forfeited. § 30.
If any person fraudulently re-land cards or dice, after entrj- and shipment for
exportation elsewhere than in the port of consignment, he shall for every
such offence forfeit 50/. § 31.
No person shall export any cards to the Isle of Man, unless stamped for such
island, or for use iu the United Kingdom, upon pain of forfeiting 20/. for
every pack. § 32.
Carriages.
By T. L., Sept. 26, 1817. British-built carriages actually in use by passengers, as their tra-
velling carriages, may pass outwards without payment of duties, and without entries, under
the restrictions respecting'.baggage, p. 50.
Cigars, for ships' stores. See Part 7.
Chalk, deemeti ballast. See page 158.
Clocks and Watches. Any outward or inward box, case, or dial-plate, of
any metal, without the movement in or with every such box, case, or
dial-plate, made up fit for use, with the clock or watch-maker's name
engraven thereon, prohibited to be exported, or waterborne to be
exported, on pain of forfeiture. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, ^ 104.
Coals, Culm, or Cinders.
Duty. — So much of the Act as imposes any duty upon the exportation in
British ships of Coals, Culm, or Cinders, according to the weight thereof, is
herehy repea/ed : Provided, that nothing herein shall tend to exempt such
coals from the duty payable upon the exportation of goods according to the
value thereof ; * and tiiat in lieu of the duties of exj'ortation now payable
upon any coals, culm, or cinders, when exported in a foreign ship, the duty
of 4s. the ton shall in all cases be payable. 4 and 5 Will. IV., c 89, 6 17.
Duty. — By T. L., May 15, 1835, no charge of duty of 10s. per cent, is to be made upon the
exportation from Guernsey and Jersey of coals in a French ship to France. With respect
to the exportation of coal to those islands, such duty is not to be charged, and measures
are to be taken in the next Customs Act to remove the ambiguity.
By T. L., March 4, 1837, the Export Foreign Ship Duty on coals exported to Brazil in Bra-
zilian vessels remitted.
Foreign Vessels.— By C. O., March 14, 1836, coals exported from Great Britain to a B. P. in a
foreign vessel are liable to the duty of 4s. per ton.
Bond.—Bj C. O., Sept. 10, 1834, Bond is still to be taken in cases of coal shipped in vessels
of countries with which treaties of reciprocity have been concluded.— For list of such
eountries, see p. 45.
Cocoa Nuts. For any cocoa nuts lodged in warehouses not
being declared to be of special security, the following
* See Duties, p. 160.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Exports.— Z)m//m. (^c. 163
Cocoa Nuts, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
allowance for natural waste shall be marie upon the ex-
portation thereof: viz., Cocoa Nuts, for every 100 lb., and
so in proportion for any less quantity . . . 2 lb.
[.3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57, ^ 40.]
Cocoa, for ships' stores. See Part 7.
Coffee. For any coffee lodged in warehouses not being
declared of special seairity, the following allowance for
natural w-asto shall be made upon the exportation thereof ;
viz. Coffee, for every 100 lb., and so in proportion for any
less quantity . . . . . . 2 lb.
[3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57, § 40.]
By T. O., May 16, 1834, on roasted Coffee allowed to be shipped as stores, n djsawback
allowed, equal in amount to the import duty chargeable on Coffee the produce of ami
imported from a B. P. in America.
for other ships' stores. See Part 7.
Coin. Dutyfree.
Copper Ore, smelted for exportation. See page 84.
Corn, Grain, Meal, Malt, Flour, Biscuit, Bran, Grits, Pearl Barley, and
Scotch Barley, Duty free.
Cotton Yam, or other Cotton Manufactures. Duty free.
Crew^els. See Wool, page 174.
Culm. See Coals, page 162.
Dice. See Cards, page 162.
Fish. Dutyfree.
Fisheries. — Any sort of craft, food, victuals, clothing, or implements or
materials necessary for the British fisheries established in any of
the B. P. in North America, and exported direct thereto. Dutyfree.
Flour. See Corn, above.
Fruit, Dried, for ships' stores. See Part 7.
Excise Drawback.
Glass.* Ground or Polished Plate Glass made in any part of
the United Kingdom from materials or metal or other
preparations for which the duties payable for plate-glass
shall have been paid, and which shall be exported from
any part of the United Kingdom to foreign parts, in rect-
angular plates of the size of 6 in. in length by 4 in.
in breadth at the least, and of the thickness throughout of
one-eighth part of an inch at the least, and which shall be
free from stains and of good and fair quality, and fit for
immediate use as ground and polished plate-glass, sq. foot,
superficial measure . . . . .029
So ranch of any Act as prohibits plate-glass from being made of any greater
thickness than five-eighths of an inch is hcxahy repeated ; and it shall be
lawful for any maker of plate-glass to make the same of any thickness;
provided always, that no plate-glass shall be entitled to be exported on
drawback which shall be in any part thereof when ground and polished of a
less thickness than one-eighth of an inch. 5 and 6 Will. IV., c. 77.
[Sept. 9, 1835.]
Unground and Unpolished Plate-glass. — The drawback now payable on un-
ground and unpolished plate-glass is hereby repealed: and no drawback
shall be allowed on any plate-glass exported after the passing of this Act
[Sept. 9, 183 J], from the United Kingdom, except such glass shall be
ground and polished, and in all other respects conformable to the regulations
in respect to the drawback on and export of ground and polished plate
glass. § 20.
• By T. L., .\pril 23, 1837, the amount of duty not to be calculated in the value of glass
exported for the purpose of charging the 10s. per cent, ad valorem Export duty (p. 160.)
M 2
164 UNITED KINGDOM.— Exports.— X>?^i/^5, cf'c. [1837-8
Excise Drawback.
Glass, continued, vis.: — £ s. d.
Window Glass not being spread glass whether flashed
or otherwise manufactured, and commonly called or known
by the name of crown-glass or German sheet-glass, made
in any part of the United Kingdom, for which the duties
. . shall have been paid, which shall be exported from any
part of the United Kingdom to foreign parts, or to the
islands of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderncy, or Sark, in whole
tables, or half tables, or quarter tables, and so in pro-
portion for any greater or less quantity than a hundred
weight of such whole tables, half tables, .or quarter tables,
calculating the drawback upon the weight of the whole
table exported, although the same may be ciit into half or
quarter tables for the convenience of exportation, cwt. . 3 13 6
• Panes of German Sheet-glass made m any part of the
United Kingdom, and for which the duty shall have been
charged, and which shall be exported as merchandise
from any part of the United Kingdom to foreign parts,
such panes not being of less dimensions than 6 in. in
length by 4 in. in breadth, cwt. . ' . . 4 4 0
(5 and 6 Will. IV., c. 77, § 5.)
.No glass exported in panes of a greater specific gravity than 2800 ghall be
entitled to drawback as crown-glass or German sheet-glass; but all glass
produced for exportation in panes as crown-glass or German sheet-glass of
a greater specific gravity tlian 2800, and all coloured glass exported on
drawback, shall be deemed to be flint glass, and.shall not be entitled to any
higher rate of drawback than the drawback on flint glass granted by this
Act. $11.
All the regulations contained in any Act for securing the duties on or regu-
lating the manufacture of spread window glass or crown glass, shall extend
to and be put in force in securing the duties on and regulating the manu-
facture of'Germaa sheet-glass. § IG.
■ Spread Window Glass, commonly "called or known by
the name of broad glass, made in any part of the United
Kingdom, for which the duties shall have been paid, and
which shall be exported from any part of the United
Kingdom to foreign parts, or to the islands of Jersey,
Guernsey, Alderney, or Sark, cwt. , . . 1 1.0 0
' Common Bottles (not being phials) and vessels made
use of in chemical laboratories, and garden glasses, or'
all other vessels or utensils of common bottle metal, made
in any part of the United Kingdom from materials or
metal or other preparations for which the duties shall
have been paid, and which shall be exported from any part
of the United Kingdom to foreign parts, or to the islands
of Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, or Sark, cwt. ■ . . 0/0
Flint Glass which shall be made in Great Britain ov
Ireland, and for which, or of the materials, metal, or other
preparations from which the same shall have been made,
all excise duties payable thereon shall have been duly
charged, and which shall be exported as merchandise from
. thence to foreign parts, 100 lb. . . . . 0 18 9
• (5 and 7 W. IV., c. 77. Sept. 9, 1835.);
No drawback shall be allowed on the exportation of any flint glass wares
which shall not be good, fair, and merchantable articles, perfectly manu-
factured of metal fully and properly fluxed or fused and finished, by all
rough, waste, and useless parts being removed therefrom, and of such qua-
lity as to be worth at least 5c/, per pound, exclusive of the duty, if made, or
183 7-8 J UNITED KINGDOM.— Exports.— A<//ey, ^r. us
Glass, conliyiucd, viz. : — £ ,9. ^_
if the same had liocn made into articles for home consiimptiou ; and every
jteison who shall pack or enter or ship, fur exportation on drawhaclc, any
bad or unmerchantable flint {^lass, or any Hint j^lass wares which shall not
be of the description, quality, and value aforesaid, shall forfeit treble the
value of the drawback sought to be obtained, or UK)/., at the election of the
commissioners of excise, together with all the flint glass so packed, entered,
or shipped. § 7.
Goods Warehoused. — It shall not be lawful for any person to export any
goods warehoused, nor to enter for exportation to parts beyond the
seas any goods so warehoused, iu any ship which shall not be of tlie
burthen of 70 tons or upwards. 3 and 4 Will. IV,, c. 57, ^S 4G. See
p. 12, and Guernsey, &c. Part 9. ,
Grain. See Corn, p. 163.
Grits. See Corn, p. 163.
Gunpowder may, by proclamation or order in council, be prohibited to be
exported, or waterborne to be exported, on pain of forl'uiture. 3 and 4
Win. IV., c. 52, s^ 104.
Hops. — Drawback, the whole of the duty paid. 1 and 2 Geo. IV., c. 100.
Isle of Man. — Goods exported to the Isle of Man by virtue of any license
which the commissioners of customs may be empowered to grant.
Dutyfree.
Lace. Any metal inferior to silver which shall be spun, mixed, wrought
or set upon silk,, or which shall be gilt, or drawn into wire, or flatted
into plate, and spun or woven, or wrought into, or upon, or mixed with
lace, fringe, cord, embroidery, tambour work, or buttons, made in the
gold or silver lace manufactory, or set upon silk, or made into bullion
spangles, or pearl or any other materials made in the gold or silver lace
manufactory, or which shall imitate or be meant to imitate such lace,
fringe, cord, embroidery, tambour work, or buttons ; or any copper,
brass, or other metal M'hich shall be silvered or drawn into wire, or
ilatted into plate, or made into bullion spangles, or pearl, or any other
materials used in the gold or silver lace manufactory, or in imitation of
such lace, fringe, cord, embroidery, tambour work, or buttons, or of
any of the materials used in making the same, and which shall hold
moi-e or bear a greater proportion than three pennyweights of fine
silver to the pound avoirdupois of such copper, brass, or other metals,
prohibited to be exported, or waterborne to be exported, on pain of for-
feiture. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, s^ 104.
any metal inferior to silver, whether gilt, silvered, stained, or
coloured, or otherwise, which shall be worked up or mixed with gold
or silver in any manufacture of laco, fringe, cord, embroidery, tambour
work, or buttons, prohibited to be exported, or waterborne to be
exported, on pain of forfeiture.
Linen, or Linen with Cotton mixed. Dntijfree.
Malt. See Corn, p. 163.
Mattresses. See Wool, p. 1 74. .
Meal. See Corn. p. 163.
Melasses, Dutyfree. As to Ships' Stores, sec Part 7.
Mortling?. See Wool, p. 1 74,
Paper. By 6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 52, s^ 3, (13th Aug., 1836)
former drawbacks are repealed, and the following substi-
tuted, the duties for which articles having been paid, viz.
Glazed paper, sheathing paper, button paper, button-
board, mill-board, paste-board, and scale-board made in
the United Kingdom of materials of the -first class, and
on books, lb. . . , , . . 0 0 1.}
0
8
0
0
16
0
0
17
0
0
0
G
0
1
0
0
1
3
0
1
6
166 UNITED KmGDOM.—EKVOR'is— Duties, ^c. [1837-8.
Paper, continued, viz, : — £ s. d.
Stained, &c. By same Act, all drawbacks on paper,
printed, painted or stained, are repealed, and the following
substituted, viz.
printed, painted, or stained in the United Kingdom,
and exported as merchandise, there shall be granted and
paid, doz. sq. yards . . . . .002
Pearl Barley. See Corn, p. 163.
Pepper. For any pepper lodged in warehouses not being
declared to be of special security, the following allowance
for natural waste shall be made upon the exportation
thereof, for every 100 lb., and so in proportion for any less
quantity . . . . . . 'lib.
(3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57, ^ 40.)
Plate, if manufactured in Great Britain, assayed and
marked, viz.
of Gold, made since Dec. 1» 1784, oz.
made since July 5, 1797, to Aug. 31, 1815, oz.
after Aug. 31,1815, oz. ....
of Silver, made since Dec. 1, 1784; oz.
made since July 5, 1797, oz.
■ made since Oct. 10, 1804, oz. .
made since Aug. 31, 1815, oz.
except on gold watch-cases, rings, and any articles of gold, not
exceeding 2 oz. in weight ; on silver watch-cases, chains, necklaces,
beads, lockets, filigree work, shirt buckles, or brooches, stamped
medals, and spouts to china, stone, or earthenware teapots, of any
Aveight whatever ; tippings, swages, or mounts, not weighing 10 penny-
weights of silver each, and not being necks or collars for castors, cruets,
or glasses appertaining to any sort of stands or frames, wares of silver,
not weighing 5 pennyweights each : this exemption is not to include
necks, collars, and tops of castors, cruets, or tjlasses appertaining to
any sort of stands or frames, buttons to be affixed to or set on any
wearing apparel, solid silver buttons and solid studs, not having a
bizelled edge soldered on, wrought seals, blank seals, and bottle tickets,
shoe clasps, patch boxes, salt spoons, salt ladles, tea spoons, tea
strainers, caddy ladles, buckles, and pieces of garnish, cabinets, knife
cases, tea chests, bridle stands or frames. 52 Geo. III., c. 59 — 55 Geo.
III., c. 185—1 Geo. IV., C.14.
Ireland. — By Sand 4 Will. IV., c. 97, § 21, upon the exportation from Ire-
land, for any foreign parts, of any gold or silver plate, manufactured iu Ire-
land, the game being new plate, not having been used, and which shall
appear to have been duly marked for payment of the duty of Is. the ounce,
a drawback of, the oz. Is.
Scotland. — No goldsmith, silversmith, or other person in Scotland shall
work or make any gold vessel, plate or manufacture or ware of gold what-
soever, less in fineness than eighteen carats of fine gold iu every pound
Vi'cight troy ; uor work or make any silver vessel, plate or manufacture or
ware, whatsoever, less iu fineness than eleven ounces and two}>!Minyweights
of fine silver in every pound weight troy ; nor sell, exchange, or keej) or
exjwse for sale, or export or attempt to export out of Scotland, any gold
vessel, plate or manufacture or ware of gold whatsoever, wrought or made
after 1st October, 1836, less in fineness than eighteen carats of fine gold
in every pound weight Troy ; nor sell, exchange, or keep or expose for sale,
or export or attempt to export out of Scotland, any silver vessel, plate or
manufactme or ware of silver whatsoever, wrought or made after the said
day, less in fineness than eleven ounces and two pennyweights of fine silver
in every pound weight Troy ; and every goldsmith, silversmith, or other
person who shall after the said day," upon pain that he shall for each piece
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— ExP0RTS.--Z)i^i2W, <f-c. 167
Plate, cojitinued, viz. : — £ s. d.
of i^okl or silver plate so sold, exchanged, or kept or exposed for sale, or
exported or attcmjited to be exported, forfeit a sura not exceediujr 100/.
6and7Will.IV., C.G9, § 1.
-Exemptions as to marking gold and silver wares similar to those before men-
tioned, § 16 and 17.
Selling or exporting plale not duly marked. — If any goldsmith, silversmith, or
worker or dealer in plate, or other person, shall knowingly sell, exchange, or
keep or expose fur sale, or export or attempt to export out of Scotland "-"■ any
gold or silver plate or ware (except as herein is excepted) made or wrought
after the 1st October, 1836, which shall not respectively be marked with the
proper marks hereinbefore required to be stamped on the kind and standard
quality of which such respective plate or ware shall be, every person so
offending shall for each piece of gold or silver plate so sold, exchanged, or
kept or exposed for sale, or exported or attempted to be exported, forfeit and
pay a sum not exceeding 100/., and shall also forfeit all such plate and
ware. § 18.
Goldsmiths' Hall. — The drawback is paid at Goldsmiths' Hall, although the
documents are issued from the Custom-house.
Upon entry of gold and silver wares assayed in other places than in London,
a certificate of such assay must be produced previous to the oath of the
exporter being made, as to the identity of the plate specified therein.
Plums, for ships' stores. See Pakt 7.
Pork, salted. See Beef, p. 161.
Porter, for ships' stores. See Part 7.
Provisions, or any sort of victual which raaybe used as food by man, may
be prohibited to be exported, or waterborne to be exported, on pain of
forfeiture. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 32, § 104.
Prunelloes, for ships' stores. See Part 7.
Rice, for ships' stores. See Part 7.
S.
Salt. Dutyfree.
As to Netherlands, see Fart 9.
Samples. See Part 7.
Scotch Barley. See Corn, p. 163.
Sei^jars, for ships" stores. See Part 7.
Ships. As to the ships in which goods may be exported, see p. 2.
Silk. — Upon the exportation of silk goods there shall be allowed the
several drawbacks of the duties payable on the importation of thrown
silks, herein set forth, 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 58, § 9: viz.
Drawbacks on the exportation of silk goods, manufactured in the United
Kingdom, viz.
Silk stuffs, or ribbons of silk, composed of silk only, and be-
ing of the value of 14s-. at the least, lb. . . . 0 3 6
Stuffs, or ribbons of silk and cotton mixed, whereof one-
half at least shall be silk, and being of the value of 4*. so?.
at the least, lb. . . . . . .012
Stuffs, or ribbons of silk and worsted mixed, whereof
one-half at least shall be silk, and being of the value of
2*. 4c?. at the least, lb. . . . . .007
Such drawbacks shall be allowed only in respect of exportations to be made by
the persons in whose names the amount of duties to be drawn back had
been paid, or to be made by any holder of any written order signed by any
such persons transferring the right of making such exportations and of
receiving such drawbacks thereupon. ^ 10.
The drawbacks shall be allowed, although the manufactured silks in respect
of which the same shall be claimed shall not have been made of the thrown
* Tliu like provisions iu fuvmer Acts as t« other arts of the United Iviii.:,'dom.-
168 UNITED KINGDOM.— ExP0RTs.—D?<;?t'5, 4^c. [1837-8.
Silk Stufifs, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
silk in respect of which the amount of duties to be drawn back had been
paid, and whether such amount of duties shall have lieen received inider
the authority of this Act or of any former Act: provided that the drawbacks
shall not be allowed unless such manufactured silks be shipped for exporta-
tion within two years after the payment of such duties. § 11.
COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, June 28,1837.— (Before Lord Chief Justice
TiNDAL and Common Juries.) — Euenborough v. Wrightson.
Mr. Serjeant Wilde and Mr. Arnold were for the plaintiff, and Mr, Serjeant
Talfourd and I\Ir. James for the defendant.
This was an action brought by the plaintiff, a silk-lace manufacturer, residing
in Milk-street, Cheapside, to recover from the defendant, the master and
part owner of a vessel called the Spanish Packet, the sum of 51/, odd, for
goods sold and delivered.
The goods were made up in three packages, and sent by the plaintiff to the
vessel, of which the defendant was the part owner, on the understanding, as
the plaintiff' alleged, that they should be considered as sold to the defendant
unless returned in good condition within a reasonable period. The vessel
sailed for Spain, and on her return the plaintiff' claimed from the defendant
the amount of the goods shipped as stated, but the defendant denied his
liability, and the present action was commenced.
The defence was, that the goods being out of fashion in England, were shipped
on board the defendant's vessel by the plaintiff, with a view that they should
be sold in Spain, where it would appear they had been seized as contraband
articles by the officers of the Spanish Customs. The defendant denied, that
he had bought the goods upon the terms stated, and insisted that it was
a mere speculation on the part of the plaintiff to get them off his hands in
Spain, they being. unsaleable in England, and for that purpose the articles
were made up as " ships' stores," in order to conceal the intended fraud
iipon the Spanish revenue.
Lord Chief Justice Tindal summed up the evidence.
The jury returned a verdict for the plaintifl'for the amount claimed.
Skins, Hare and Coney, tbe 100 skins , , . 0 10
Slate, deemed ballast. See p. 158.
Soap, hard, to Foreign Parts and Ireland, lb. . . 0 0 1^
Soft, to Foreign Parts and Ireland, lb. . . 0 0 1
Hy T. O., Sept. 6, 1833, Soap may be shipped for dniwbark on boniil tianspovls for the use of
troops, &c. Ill the same manner as ships' stores, by 2 and 3 Will. IV., c. 84, Part J.
for Ships' Stores. See Part 7.
Spirits. For any Spirits lodged in warehouses not being declared to be
o^ special security, the following allowances for natural waste shall be
made upon the exportation thereof, viz.
Spirits,* upon 100 gallons hydrometer proof; for any time
not exceeding C months . . 1 gallon.
ex. 6 months, and not ex. 12 months . . 2 gallons.
ex. 12 months, and not ex. 18 iTQonths . . 3 gallons.
ex. 18 months, and not ex. 2 years . . .4 gallons.
ex. 2 years . . . . . . 5 gallons.
(3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57.)
Jlum. — By T. O., Sept. 6, 1833, the dnty on deficiencies of British Plantation Rum, arising from
natural causes, are allowed, when taken out of warehouse for exportation in the port of
Bristol, being the same indulgence as has been granted to the port of Liverpool, by T.O.,
Aug. G, 1831.
By T. L., Dec. 17, 1827, authority is given to allow the exportation of Brandy in casks, Contain-
ing 15 gallons imperial each, from Liverpool to Mexico .Chile ,or Pbru, for the convenience,
of transport into the interior of those countries.
* Tl O., Sept, 6, 1833, allows all deficiencies on British Plantation Rum at Liverpool and
Br-iStol.
By C. .0., April 13, 1830, the allowanee is extended to nil Foreign Spirits exported from ware-
house.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— ExpoRTs.—ZJMite^.^c. 169
Spirits, continued, vis. .•— £ .v. d.
By C. O., Aug. 5, 1828, Rum warohouseil at nristol may be removed co.nstwise, to be shipped
as stores on board vessels at the neighbouring ports in (he Bristol Channel, upon condition
tliat the cnsks of nmi intended to be removed be filled up to the full content previously to
shipment, and that ri bond bu taken, as in cases of removal of ^oods ,:;eneraUy.
PachaiPS. —iiy C. O., Oct. 20, 1835, pacl<a:;es from wliich Wiuclwmsed Spirits have been racked
or drawn off, or started and destroyed, may be delivered tree ol(bily.
deficiencies. — By T. 0-, Nov. 29, 1836, the duties are to be remitted upon deficiencies of Spirits
aseertainetl previous to their delivery from warehouse for exportation, in eases in which such
deficiencres may exceed. the scale of allowances gra'nted by the Warehousing Act, provided
they be not considered liy the principal ofTicL-rs to be excessive.
Hackitif/, tS-c— It shall liO lawful, iinclei- such regulations as the commis-
.sioiiers of customs may require, in the warehouse to draw off' any rum of the
British plantations into reputed (juart bottles or reputed pint bottles, for
the jHirpose only of being exported from the warehouse ; and also in the
M'arehouse to draw up any such rum into casks containing not less than
20 gallons each, for the purpose only of being disposed of as stores for
ships ; and also in the warehouse to draw ofF any other spirits into reputed
quart bottles, under such regulations as the commissioners of customs shall
from time to time direct, for the purpose only of being exported from the
warehouse ; and also in the warehouse to fill uj) any casks of spirits from
any other casks of the same, respectively secured in the same warehouse.
3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 57, § 31, 32.
Stores may be shipped without entry or payment of any duty for any
ship of the burthen of 70 tons at least, bound upon a voyage to foreign
. parts, the probable duration of which out and home will not be less
than 40 days: provided always, that such stores shall be duly borne
upon the ship's victuallin<f bill, and shall be shipped in such quantities,
and subject to such directions and regulations, as the commissioners
of customs shall direct and appoint. 3 and 4 W. IV., c. 57, ^S 10.
Any rum of the British plantations maybe delivered into the charge of the
searcher to be shipped as stores for n«y ship without entry or paymentofany
duty ; and any surplus stores of any ship may be delivered into the charge of the
searcher to be re-shipped as stores for the same ship, or for the same mas-
ter in another ship, without entry or payment of any duty ; such rum and
such surplus stores being duly borne upon the victualling bills of such ships
respectively ; and if the ships for the future use of which any surplus stores
have been warehoused shall have been broken up or sold, such stores may
be so delivered for the use of any other ship belonging to the same owners,
or may be entered for payment of duty, and delivered for the private use
of such owners, or any of them, or of the master or purser of such ship. 3
ahd4W. IV., c.57, § 17.
For list of goods allowed to be shipped as stores, see Part 7."
Military Clothing, Accoutrements, or Appointments, exported
under the authority of the commissioners of His Majesty's Treasury, and
sent toany of His Majesty's forces serving abroad. Dutyfree.
• Military Stores exported to India by the East India Company.
Duty free.
Military Stores and Naval Stores, and any articles (except cop-
per) which His Majesty shall judge capable of being converted into or
made useful in increasing the quantity of military or naval stores, may
be prohibited to be exported, or watcrborne to be exported, by procla-
mation or order in council, on pain of forfeiture. 3 and 4 \V. IV., c.
52, § 104.
Sugar. — Refined, of all sorts, and Sugar Candy. Dutyfree.
By T. L., Nov. 20, 1834, the same indulgence is granted to sugar taken out of warehouses not
hom'^ oi' special scciiriti/ tor exportation, or to be used as ships' stores, as is granted by 3
and 4 Will. IV., c. 57, § 19, in respect of sugar taken out for home use. See p. 132,
Bounty on Refined Sugar. — So long as the duties which are now made payable
upon the importation of sugar shall be continued,* there shall be allowed
upon the exportation of refined sugar made in the United Kingdom the
several bounties following, viz. : —
« 1 Vict. c. 2/, I 1, tlie duties oil sugar and mclasscs are continued until July 5, 13.33, but llio
hoimtxes are not mentioned.
170 UNITED KINGDOM— Exports.— DM/te^, ^c. [1837-8.
SvG An, continued, viz. — £ s. d.
Refined Sugar, viz.
Bastard Sugar, or Refined Loaf Sugar broken in pieces,
or being Ground or Powdered Sugar, or such Sugar Pound-
ed, Crashed, or Broken —
exported in a British ship, cwt. . . 14 0
exported in a ship not British, cwt, . . 13 0
Other Refined Sugar in Loaf, complete and whole, or
Lumps duly Refined, having been perfectly clarified and
thoroughly dried in the stove, and being of a uniform white-
ness throughout, or such Sugar, Pounded, Crashed, or
Broken, and Sugar Candy —
exported in a British ship, cwt, . . 1 J6 10
exported in a ship not British, cwt. . . 1 15 8
Double Refined Sugar, and Sugar equal in quality to
Double Refined Sugar, additional bounty, cwt. . 0 6 4
(3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 58.)
Bond for due Exportation. — The exporter of any goods in respect of which
any bounty is claimed under this Act, or the person in whose name
the same are entered outwards, shall, at the time of entry and before
cocket be granted, give security by bond in double the value of the goods,
with one sufficient surety, that the same shall be duly exported to the place
for which they are entered, or be otherwise accounted for to the satisfaction
of the commissioners of customs, and shall not be relauded in the United
Kingdom, or landed in the Isle of Man, unless expressly entered to be ex-
ported thereto. § 3.
Candy. — No bounty shall be given upon the exportation of any refined sugar
called candy, unless it be properly refined and manufactured, and free from
dirt and scum, and packed in packages each of which shall contain half a
hundred weight of such candy at the least. §4.
Sugar crashed. — If any sugar in lumps or loaves is to be pounded, crashed, or
broken before the same be exported, for the bounty payable thereon, such
lumps or loaves shall, after due entry thereof, be lodged in some Avarehouse
provided by the exporter and approved by the commissioners of customs for
such purpose, to be then first examined by the oificers of customs while
in such lumps or loaves, as if for immediate shipment, and afterwards to be
there pounded, crashed, or broken, and packed for exportation, in the pre-
sence of such officers, and at the expense of the exporter ; and such sugar
shall be kept in such warehouse, and be removed from thence for shipment,
and be shipped under the care and in the charge of the searchers, in order
that the shipment and the exportation thereof may be duly certified by
them upon the debenture, according to the quality ascertained by them of
the same while in such lumps or loaves. § 5.
Slowing different sorts of crashed Sugar. Quality. — The different sorts of such
sugar shall be kept apart from each other in such manner and iu such dis-
tinct rooms or divisions of such warehouse as shall be directed and appoint-
ed by the commissioners of customs ; and if any sort of such sugar be found
in any part of such warehouse appointed for the keeping of sugar of a sort
superior in quality thereto, the same shall be forfeited ; and if any sort of
such sugar be brought to such warehouse to be pounded, crashed, or broken,
which shall be of a quality inferior to the sort of sugar expressed iu the
entry for the same, such sugar shall be forfeited. § 6.
Standard Sample Loaves. Process of Refinement. — Tliere shall be provided by
and at the expense of the committee of sugar refiners in London, and in like
manner by and at the expense of the committee of merchants in Dublin, as
many leaves of double refined sugar, prepared in manner hereinafter di-
rected, as the commissioners of customs shall think necessary; which
loaves, when approved of by the said commissioners, shall be deemed to be
standard samples ; one of which loaves shall be lodged with the said com-
mittees respectively, and one other with such persons as the commissioners
shall direct, for the purpose of comparing therewith double refined sugar,
or sugar equal in quality to double refined sugar entered for exportation for
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Exports.— I>M<te*, c^c. 171
Sugar, continued, viz. : —
the bounty ; and fresh standard samples shall in like manner be again fur-
nished by such committees respectively, and in like maimer lodjjcd, when-
ever it may be deemed expedient by the commissioners ; provided that uo
loaf of sugar shall be deemed to be a proper sample loaf of double refined
sugar as aforesaid, if it he of greater weight thau fourteen pounds, nor unless
it be a loaf complete and whole, nor unless the same shall have been made
by a distinct second process of refinement from a quantity of single refined
sugar, every part of which had first been perfectly clarified and duly re-
fined, and had been made into loaves or lumps which were of a uniform
whiteness throughout, and had been thoroughly dried in the stove. ^ 7.
Suffar not equal to Stcim/ard. — In case any sugar which shall be entered in
order to obtain the bounty on double refined sugar, or sugar equal in qua-
lity to double refined sugar, shall, on examination by the proper officer, be
found to be of a quality not equal to such standard sample, all sugar so en-
tered shall be forfeited. § 8.
Wakeuousing for Refinement.
Premises for Bonded Sugar Houses. — Upon the application to the commis
sioners of customs of any person actually carrying on the business of a sugar
refiner in the ports of London, Liver^jool, Bristol, Hull, Greenock, or Glas-
gow, or any other port to be approved of by any three of the lords of the trea-
sury, it shall be lawful for the commissioners of customs, by their order, to
approve of such premises as bonded sugar houses for the refining of sugar
for exportation only, on it being made appear to the satisfaction of the said
commissioners that the premises are fit in every respect for receiving such
sugars, and wherein the same may be safely deposited. 3 and 4 Will. IV.,
c. 61, § 1.
How Sugar may be Delivered to be Refned.— On the approval of any premises
as bonded sugar houses as aforesaid, it shall be lawful for the officers of
customs at the ports respectively where such premises are situated to deliver,
without payment of duty, to the party or parties so applying as aforesaid,
on entry with the proper officer of customs, any quantity of foreign sugar, or
of sugar the produce of any B. P., for the purpose of being there refined,
under the locks of the crown, for exportation only; and all sugars so deli-
vered shall be lodged and secured in such premises, under such conditions
as the said commissioners shall from time to time direct : provided that it
shall be lawful for the commissioners by their order to revoke or alter any
former order of approval of any such premises. § 2.
Refiner to give Bond. Process 'of Refinement. 'I\me for Export, 8;c. — Upon
the entry of sugar to be refined in any premises approved of under the au-
thority of this Act, the retiner on whose premises the same is to be refined
shall give bond to the satisfaction of the officers of customs, in the penalty
of double the amount of the duty payable upon a like quantity of sugar of
the British plantations, with a condition that the whole of such sugar shall
be actually subjected to the process of refinement upon the said premises,
and that within four months from the date of such bond the whole of the
refined sugar and treacle produced by such process shall be either duly ex-
ported from the said premises, or delivered into an approved bonded ware-
house, under the locks of the crown, for the purpose of being eventually ex-
ported to foreign parts. ^ 3.
Sugar-houses, and delivery of Sugar.— liy C. O., Oct. 4, 1833, it is directed that the sufjar-
houses intended for approval should be either detached, or othernise so separated as to pre-
vent any communication with other refineries, (and more especially if in the occupation of
the same parties,) and to be in all respects secured, as far as may be practicable, according'
to the mode observed with regard to bonded warehouses of ordinary security ; and to be
freed from all sugar, melasses, treacle, scum, or other sacehariue matter, previous to any
sugars from the bonded warehouses being received into them for the purposes intended.
That a warrant of entry be issued to authorise the proper warehouse officers to deliver a de-
finite quantitv of sugar, for which bond shall have beeu given pursuant to the above Act of
3 and 4 Will. IV., c. Gl, into the bonded sugar-houses to be refined. That on the receipt of
such warrant, the warehouse ofiicers should issue orders accordingly ; and that it be made
a condition in the bonds, that all dejiciencies arising iu the transit from the bonded ware-
houses to the sugar refineries should be charged with duly.
Tea.
Increase and Decrease.— liy C. O., March 2, 1836, when packages of tea of the same
IKircel and description, and belonging to the same inward entry arc rc-weiglied for cxporta-
172 UNITED KINGDOM.— Exports.— D?//zk?,<f-c. {1.837-8.
Ten, continued, viz.:—
tion, llie total increase in weight of the packaj;es in which there may be any increase,
shouhi be setoff against the total deficiency of tliose iiacliages found deficient, and when
the total deficiency is greater than the total increase, tlie duty to be cliarged on the ditfer-
ence only, provided the increase or deficiency of any single package does not exceed 2 lb.
Tea for Ships' Stoves. See Part 7. . .
Tobacco.
lly C. O,, July 9, 1837, the separate declaration of the exporter on the shipment of manufac-
tured tobacco for drawback is discontinued.
liy T. O., Sept. 6, 1833, roll tobacco allowed to be shipped for drawback on board transports
for the use of troops, &c; in tlie saiiie manner as the indulgence in respect to the shipment
of stores which has been granted to merchant vessels undcx the Act 2 and 3 Will. IV., c. 84,
Part?.
• foi- Ships' Stores. See Part 7.
■ for rate of Drawback. See p. 139.
Tobacco for Use of Navy — It shall be lawful for the purser of any of His Ma
jesty's ships of war in actual service to enter and ship at the ports of llo-
chestcr, Portsmouth, or Plymoitth, in the proportions hereiualter mentioned,
any Tohacce there warehoused in his name or transferred into his. name, for
the use of the ship in which he shall serve; p'ovided such purser shall deli-
ver to the collector or comptroller of such port a certificate from the captain
ot such ship, statinj^ the name of the purser and the number of men belong-
ing to the ship, and shall also give bond, with one sufficient surety, in treUle
the duties payable on the Tobacco, that no part thereof shall be re-landed
in the United Kingdom without leave of the officers of the customs, or be
landed in either of the islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark^ or Man.
^ 3 and 4 Will. IV„ c. 52, § 99.
Fro7n one Ship to another . IJ arehoi'sing Jet.— 1{ any purser be removed from
one ship to another, it shall be lawful for the collector a'nd comptroller of
the port where such ships shall be to perm.it the transhipment of the re-
mains of any such Tobacco for the use of such other ship, upon due entry of
such Tobacco by such purser, setting forth the time when and the port at
which such Tobacco was first shipped ; and if any such ship be paid offi it
shall be lawful for the collector and comptroller of any port where such shi-p
shall be paid off to permit the remains of any such Tobacco to be landed,
and to be entered by the purser of such ship, either for payment of duties,
or to be warehoused for the term of six months, for the supply of some other
such ship, in like manner as any Tobacco may be warehoused and supplied
at either of the ports before mentioned, or for payment of all duties within six
months: provided that all Tobacco warehoused for the purpose of so sup-
pljnng His Majesty's ships of war shall be subject to the provisions of this
Act made for the warehousing of Tobacco generally, as far as the same are
applicable, and are not expressly altered by any of the. provisions herein par-
ticuarly made. ,^100. ' . .
Qifan/ili/. Jccot/nf. — No greater quantity of such tobacco shall be allowed to
any ship of war then tvv'o pounds by the lunar month. for each of the crew
of such ship, nor shall any greater quantity be shipped at any one time than
sufficient to serve the crew of such ship for six months after such rate of
allowance; and the collector and comptroller of the port at or from which
any such tobacco shall be supplied to any such ship, or landed from any
such ship, or transferred from one such ship to another, shall transmit a
particular account thereof to the commissioners of customs, in order that a
general account may be kept of all the quantities supplied to and consumed
onboard each of such ships under the allowances before granted. § 101.
Tools and Utensils ;* viz.
any machine, engine, tool, press, paper, utensil or instrument
used in or proper for the preparing, "working, pressing, or finishing of
the woollen, cotton, linen, or silkirianufactures of this kingdom, or any
other goods wlierein wool, cotton, linen, or silk is used, or any part of
such machines, engines, tools, presses, paper, utensils,or instruments,
« n'firp' Bobbins.— liy C. ()., Oct. 10, 1885,. Wa-rp Bobbins. of Wood, with " Lace Thread
Gassed" wound upon them, are not Machinery witiiin the application of thg Prohibitory
Laws, and the cx]iurlatiun tliereof may be allowed. . ,
1S37-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Exports.— Z)w/;e5, c^-r. 1 73
Tools, coidhtucd, vie : —
or any model or pUin llieveof, or any part thereof; except wool oarcls or
stock Cards not worth above 4?. per pair, and spinners' cards, not worth
above 1*. Cul. per pair, used in tlic woollen manufactures.
Blocks, plates, engines, tools, or utensils, commonly used in or
proper for the preparini;-, workini; up, or finishing of the calico, cotton,
muslin,- or lineu printing manufactures, or any part of such blocks,
plates, engines, tools, or .utensils,
— Rollers, either plain, grooved, or of any other form or denomina-
tion, of cast iron, wrought iron, or steel, for the rolling of iron or any
sort of metals, and frames, beds, pillars, screws, pinions, and each and
every implement, tool, or utensil thereunto belonging; rollers, slitters,
frames, beds, pillars, and screws for slitting mills ; presses of all sorts,
in iron and steel, oi* other metals, which are used with a.scirevv exceed-
- ing one inch and a half in diameter, or any parts of these several arti-
cles, or any model of the before-mentioned utensils, or any part thereof ;
all sorts of utensils, engines, or machines used in the casting or boring
of cannon or any sort of artillery, or any parts thereof, or any models
of tools, utensils, engines, or machines used in such casting or boring,
or any parts thereof; hand stamps, dog-head stamps, pulley stamps,
hammers and anvils for stamps; presses of all sorts called cutting-out
presses ; beds or punches to be used therewith, either in parts or pieces,
or fitted together ;. scouring or shading engines ; presses for horn but-
tons ; dies for horn buttons ; rolled metal, with silver- thereon ; parts
of buttons not fitted up into buttons, or in an unfinished state ; engines
for chasing, stocks for casting buttons, buckles, and rings^ ; die-sinking
tools of all sorts ;■ engines for making button-shanks ; laps of all sorts ;
tools for pinching of glass; engines for covering of whips; bars of
metal covered with gold or silver, and burnishing stones commonly
called blood-stones, either iii the rough state or. finished for use; wire
moulds for making paper ; wheels of metal, stone, or wood, for cutting,
roughing, smoothing, polishing, or engraviug glass ; purcellas, pincers,
sheers, and pipes used in blowing glass ; potters' wheels and lathes, for
plain, round, and engine turning ; tools used by saddlers, harness-
makers, and bridle-makers, viz. candle strainers, side strainei's, point
strainers, creasing irorus, screw creasers, wheel irons, seat irons, prick-
ing irons, bolstering irons, clams, and head knives.
Frames for making wearing apparel.
Prohibited to be exported, or waterboriic to be exported, on pain of forfeiture,
3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, {n 104,
Treacle. 7 Dnti/free. As to ships' stores, see Part 7.
Wadding. See Wool, p. 174.
Watches.. See Clocks, p. 1G2.
WixE. For any wine lodged in warehouses, not being declared to be of
special security, the following allowances for natural waste in pro|)or-
tion to the time during which any such goods shall have remained in
the warehouse shall be made, viz,
upon every cask, viz.
'■ for any time not exceeding 1 year " . . . 1 gallon.
exceeding 1 year, and not exceeding 2 years 2 gallons.
exceeding 2 years . . . .3 gallons.
• It shall be lawful, under such regulations as the commissioners of
customs may from time to time require, in the warehouse to draw off
any wine into reputed quart bottles or reputed pint bottles, for the
purpose only of being exported from the warehouse. 3 and 4 Will. IV.,
c. 57, ^ 31, 32. 40.
iitmoi'"/ — By C:0., Aiif;. 24, 1333, l)ondcil Wine may be removed from lirislol to Newporl,
CarililT, Swansra, and .MiUord, lor tlio puriiosa of exportation as merchandise, under the
same regulalioas as bonded spirits (^. 10 y_),
174 UNITED KINGDOM.— Exports.— Dw^/es, ^c. [1837-8.
Wine, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
Packages. — By C. O,, Oct. 20, 1835. packages from which warehoused Wine has been racked
or drawn off, or started and destroyed, may be delivered free of duty.
Drawback. — By CO., Fell. 26, 1836, the quantity of Wine in bottles entered for the drawback
should in every ca':e bo ascertained by actual experiment, and the quantity inserted by the
Searchers on the cocket and bill.
Certain Wines exempt frnm re-examination. — By C. C, April 6, 1836, Wines of delicate and high
quality, and such as are usually imported in bottle and exported in the original package
exempted from the examination directed as above, provided the Examining Officers be satis-
lied of the capacity of the bottles and of the original packages.
As to ships' stores, see Warehousing. Part 7.
A Drawback of the whole of the duties of customs shall be allowed
for wine intended for the consumption of officers of His Majesty's navy,
on board such of His Majesty's ships in actual service as they shall
serve in, not exceeding the quantities of wine, in any one year, for the
use of such ojBicers hereinafter respectively mentioned, viz.
For every Admiral .... 1,260 gallons.
,, Vice- Admiral , . . 1,050 .,
, , Rear- Admiral . . . 840 , ,
, , Captain of the first and second rates 630 , ,
, , Captain of the third, fourth, & fifth rates 420 , ,
. , Captain of an inferior rate . . 210 , ,
, , Lieutenant, and other commanding offi-
cer, and for every marine officer 105 , ,
Provided always, that such wine be shipped only at one of the ports
hereinafter mentioned ; viz. London, Rochester, Deal, Dover, Ports-
mouth, Plymouth, Yarmouth, Falmouth, Belfast, Dublin, Cork, Leith,
or Glasgow. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, $ 96.
The person entering such wine, and claiming the drawback for the same, shall
state in the entry and declare on the debenture the name of the officer for
whose use such wine is intended, and of the ship in which he serves ; and
such wine shall be delivered into the charge of the officers of customs at the
port of shipment, to be secured in the king's warehouse until the same shall
be shipped under their care ; and such officers having certified upon the
debenture the receipt of the wine into their charge, the debenture shall be
computed and passed, and be delivered to the person entitled to receive the
same. § 97.
If any such officer shall leave the service, or be removed to another ship, it
shall be lawful for the officers of customs at any of the ports before men-
tioned to permit the transfer of any such wine from one officer to another, as
part uf his proportion, whether on board the same ship or another, or the
transhipment from one ship to another for the same officer, or the re-landing
and warehousing for future rc-shipment ; and it shall also be lawful for the
officers of customs at any port to receive back the duties for any of such
wine, and deliver the same for home use : Provided, that if any of such wine
be not laded on board the ship for which the same was intended, or be
unladen from such ship without permission of the proper officer of customs,
the same shall be forfeited. § 98.
Wire, gold thread, gold lace, or gold fringe, made of plate
wire spun upon silk, such plate wire being made of gilt
wire made in Great Britain, lb. drawback . . 0 15 4
Silver thread, silver lace, or silver fringe, made of plate
wire spun upon silk, such plate wire being made of silver
wire made in Great Britain, lb. drawback . . 0 11 6
By 7 Geo. IV., c. 53, § 6, the drawbacks on gilt wire, silver wire, and big wire,
are repealed.
Wool.
Hare and coney, cwt. duty . . . .010
Sheep and lamb, cwt. duty . . . .010
Woolfels, mortlings, shortlings, woolflocks, crewels,
coverlets, waddings, or other manufactures or pretended
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Exports.— Z)m^?>.9, c^r. 175
Wool, continued, viz : — £ s. d.
manufactures, slightly wrought up, so as that the same
may be reduced to and made use of as wool again, mat-
tresses or beds stuffed with combed wool or wool fit for
combing or carding, cwt. . . . .010
— ■ — Dutyfree.
Woollen goods. So much of the Act as excepts woollen goods, or woollen
and cotton mixed, or woollen and linen mixed, exported to any place
within the limits of the East India Company's charter from payment
of duty on exportation from the United Kingdom, is hereby repealed.
See Duties, p, IGO. 4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89, s^ 18.
Worsted, cwt. . . . . . .010
Yarn, cwt. . . . . . .010
See Cotton, p. 163.
PART THE FOURTH.
UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN
AND IRELAND.
COAST-WISE.
[See the remarhs under Imports, p. 38, which are also applicable lo Goods, S,-c.,
Coast-wiseJi
JVhat deemed Cuasting Trade. Beyond Seas.—KW trade by sea from auy one
part of the United Kingdom to any other part thereof, or from one pait of
tJie Isle of Man to another thereof, shall he deemed to be a coasting trade,
and all ships while employed therein shall be deemed to be coasting sliips ;
and no part of the United Kingdom, however situated with regard to any
other part thereof, shall be deemed in law, with reference to each other, to
be parts beyond the seas in any manner relating to the trade or navigation
or revenue of this realm. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, o 105.
IVIiat deemed Trading by Sea. — And whereas some parts of the coast of the
United Kingdom maybe so situated with regard to other neighbouring
parts thereof that doubts may arise in some cases whether the passage
between them by water shall be deemed to be a passage by sea within the
meaning of this act, and that in other cases, although such passage be by
sea, it may be unnecessary for the purposes of this act, or of any act relating
to the customs, to subject ships passing between such places to the restraints
of coast regulations, it shall be lawful for the commissioners of His Majesty's
treasury to determine and direct in what cases the trade by water from any
place on the coast of the United Kingdom to another of the same shall
or shall not be deemed a trade by sea within the meaning of this act or of
any act relating to the customs. § 106.
Coasting Ship. Unlading Goods front beyond Seas. Deviation of J'oyage. — No
goods shall be carried in any coasting ship except such as shall be laden to
be so carried at some place in the United Kingdom, or at some place in the
Isle 'of Man respectively ; and no goods shall be laden on board any ship
to be carried coast-wise until all goods brought in such ship from parts
beyond the seas shall have been unladen ; and if any goods be taken into
or put out of auy coasting ship at sea or over the sea, or if any coasting ship
shall touch at any place over the sea, or deviate from her voyage, unless
forced by unavoidable circumstances, or if the master of any coasting ship
which shall have touched at any place over the sea shall not declare the
same in writing under his hand to the collector or con>ptroller atthe port in
the United Kingdom or in the Isle of Man where such sliip shall afterwards
first arrive, the master of such ship shall forfeit 200/. § 107.
Prohibited Goods. — Whenever any goods which may be prohibited to be
exported by proclamation or by order in council under the authority of this
act shall be so prohibited, it shall be lawful in such proclamation or order
in council to prohibit or restrict the carrying of such goods coust-wise; and
if an}' such goods shall be carried coastwise, or shall be shipped or water-
borne to be carried coastwise, contrary to any such prohibition or restriction,
the same shall be forfeited. § 1 18.
Dues of the City of London. — For the purpose of enablingthe mayor and com-
monalty and citizens of the city of London, and their successors, to ascer-
tain and collect the amount of the dues payable to them upon the several
articles hereinafter mentioned, imported coastwise into the port of London,
it is enacted, that if all or any of the goods of the description hereinafter
mentioned, viz. firkins of butter, tons of cheese, fish, eggs, salt, fruit, roots
eataVile, and onions, brought coastwise into the port of the said city, and
which are liable to the said dues, shall be landed or unshipped at or in the
said port before a proper certificate of the payment of the said duties shall
have been obtained, such goods shall be forfeited, 5 110.
PART THE FIFTH.
UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN
AND IRELAND.
LONDON TONNAGE RATES.
[Loiulon — " The resort anil mart of all the earth'" — is the largest and richi'st
city in the world, occupying a siulace of o'2 square miles, thickly planted with
houses mostly three, four, ami five stories high. It contained in 1S3I a popula-
tion of 1,471,941. It consists of London city, Westminster cit)', ^Finsbmy,
Marylebone, Tower Hamlets, Suuthwark, and Lambeth districts. The London
Docks cover 20 acres. The two West India Docks cover 51 acres, St. Katharine
Dock covers "24 acres. There are generally about 5,000 vessels and 3,000 boats
in the river, employing 8,0GO watermen and 4,000 labourers. Londoji pays
about one- third of the window duty. In England the number of houses assessed
is about 120,000, rated at upwards of 5,000,000/. sterling ; about one-third are
not assessed. The house rental is probably 7,000,000/. or 8,000,000/., includ-
ing taverns, hotels, and public-houses. The retailers of spirits and beer are
upwards of 10,000; while the dealers in the stafiFof life are somewhere about a
fourth of this number. Numbering all the courts, alleys, streets, lanes, squares,
places, and rows, they amount to upwards of 10,000 ; and on account of their
extreme points no individual could pass through them in the space of one whole
year. — Ed.]
London Tonnage Rales*. — In consideration of the expenses which will be occa-
sioned by maintaining and renewing the mooring chains, and paying the
salaries and allowances of the harbour masters and their assistants, there
shall be paid to His Majesty, in respect of vessels frequenting the port of
London, the several duties of tonnage as the same are hereinafter set foith.
4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 32.
First Class. — For every vessel trading coastwise between £ s. d.
the port of London and any place in Great Britain, Ire-
land, the Orkneys, Shetland, or the Western Islands of
Scotland, for every voyage both in and out of the said
port, the ton , . . . . .000^
Second CUtss. — For every vessel entering inwards or clear-
ing outv.-ards in the said port from or to Denmark, Nor-
way, or Lapland (on this side of the North Cape), or from
Ilolstein, Hamburgh, Bremen, or any other part of Ger-
many bordering on or near the Germanic Ocean, or from
or to Holland or any other of the United Provinces, or
Brabant, Antwerp, Flanders, or other ])arts of the Nether-
lands, or from or to France (within Ushant), Guernsey,
Jersey, Alderney, Sark, or the Isle of Man, for every
voyage both in and out of the said port, the ton . .000}
* As to NetlK'rlauds and Portugal, see Part IX.
178 UNITED KINGDOM.— London Tonnage Rates. [1837-8.
£ s. d.
Third Class. — For every vessel entering inwards or clearing
outwards in the said port from or to Lapland (beyond the
North Cape), Finland, Russia (without or within the
Baltic Sea), Livonia, Courland, Poland, Prussia, Sweden,
or any other country or place within the Baltic Sea, for
every voyage both in and out of the said port, the ton . 0 0 OJ
Fourth Class. — For every vessel entering inwards or clearing
outwards in the said port from or to France (between
Ushant and Spain), Portugal, Spain (without the Medi-
terranean), or any of the Azores, Madeira, or Canary
Islands, or any of the United States of America, or of the
British Colonies or Provinces in North America or Flo-
rida, there shall be paid for every voyage both in and out
of the said port, the ton . . . . 0 0 Of
Fifth Class. — For every vessel entering inwards or clearing-
outwards in the said port from or to Greenland, Gibraltar,
France, or Spain (within the Mediterranean), or any
country, island, port, or place within or bordering on or
near the Mediterranean, or Adriatic Sea, or from the West
Indies, Louisiana, Mexico, South America, Africa, East
India, China, or any.other country, island, or place within
or bordering on or near the Pacific Ocean, or from any
other country, island, or place whatsoever to the southward
of twenty-five degrees of north latitude, for every voyage
both in and out of the said port, the ton . . 0 0 Of
The said duties shall be under the manag-ement of the commissioners of cus-
toms, and shall be received and recovered in the same manner as any duties
of customs are or can be received or recovered. ^ 4.
Exemptions. — This act shall not extend to charge with any of the said rates
any of His Majesty's ships ot war, or any vessel whatsoever bein;^ the pro-
perty of His Majesty, or of any of the Royal Family, nor to char<;e therewith
any vessel coming to or going coastwise from the port of London to any
part of Great Britain, unless such vessel shall exceed forty-five tons register
tonnage, nor any vessel bringing corn coastwise, the principal part of whose
cargo shall consist of corn, nor any fishing smacks, lobster and oyster boats,
or vessels for passengers, nor any vessel or craft navigating the river Thames
above and below London Bridge as far as Gravesend only, nor any vessel
entering the port of London inwards, or going from the port of -London out-
wards, when in ba/last. § 5.
DUTIES FOR LIGHTS, BUOYS, &c., IN ENGLAND.
OVERSEA GENERAL PASSING LIGHTS, &c.
RATE PER TON.
Fern
Fiambro'
Dudgeon
Foulness
Haisbro' Sand (North End)
Winterton and Orford . .
EAST COAST.
British
& Foreign
Privileged
Vessels.
d.
W
Haisbro' and Newarp .
St. Nicholas Gatt 1
Ditto Buoys .........
Light Houses -f
Light House j
Floating Light \
Light Home j
Floating Light \
Light Houses A
Light Houses aml'i ]
Floating Light J • ' * i
Floating Ltght \
Foieign
Uupii-
vileged
Vessels.
d.
1*
1
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Lights, Buoys, &c.
179
East Coast, continued, viz
r , re f 3 Ltq/tt Uouaes nnd)
Lowestoft { ^ I-', r r Is f
N. E. Shimyash 1 Floatinq Liqht . .
RATK PER TON.
& Forei^'D
Privileijed
Vessels.
d.
N. E. Shiinyash 1 Floating Light
Harwich 2 Light lloiises
Sunk and Galloper 2 F/qqling Lights fin4 Bi/oys
Foreign
Unpri-
vileged
Vessels.
d.
ENGLISH CIIANNE|..
Forelands 3 Light Houses i
Goodwill and Gull Stream . 2 Flunting Lights 5
Smith Sand Head 1 Flonim.g Light i
Dutiu^eness 1 Luihi Lloii.se ...... ^
Beacliy Head 1 Lighl Uo'/.^e i
Owers and Bembiidge ... 2 F/odhng Lights .... A
Needles I Lu,ht H"'<>e mid 'i Light) ,
Houses at Hurst J
Portland 2 L'ght Hni< es J
Caskets 3 Light Hons'-s h
Start 1 Li.ht House i
Eddj'stone 1 Light House -5
Lizard 2 Light Houses ^
Louj^hips 1 Liglit H'usc h
Scilly 1 Light House \
BRISTOL AND ST. GEOHGE S CHANNELS.
Ltindy 1 Liglit House \
Nash 2 Light Houses -5
Flathohn 1 Lic/hl House ^
Smalls 1 Ligh/ Hou^e 1
Milfurd 2 Li o hi Houses i
Baidscy 1 Light Hvusc 5
Sonth Stack 1 Light House \
East Coast Lights payable only I'or certain Voyage?:
Spurn 1 F/ooling Light . . , . ^ J
Heligoland 1 Light House 1
Swin Middle 1 Fi»uti»g Light J
LOCAL DUTIES.
British & Foreign
privileged.
Tees Buoys. On all Vessels passing the Buoys to
or from the Ports of Newcastle, Sunderland, Stockton,
or Whitby, of under 40 tons 4rf. perves.
'10 tons and upwards Grf. ,,
Lynn Well. Floating Light. On all Vessels trad-
in" to or from the Ports of Lynn or \\'isbeach, or to or
from the Port of Boston, if navigated to the southward
of the Lon^'sand, also on all \'essels entering or depart-
ing from Lynn Deeps southward of the Longsand . . 1</. per ton
Hunstanton. 1 Liglit House. On all Vessels pass-
ing to or from the Ports of Lynn, Wisbeacli, or Wells,
or to or from the Port of Bi)ston, southward . . . .8'/. per 20 tons
NN'oonnuincK Buuys. On all Vessels entering the.
Port of \Voodl)ridge under .30 tons Is. per ves.
of 5(1 and under 100 tons 'Is. ,,
,, l(l() tons and upwards 3s. ,,
N
Foreign
unprivileged.
IS. per ves.
2d. per ton.
id. , ,
Is. per ves.
3*.
180 UNITED KINGDOM— Lights, Buoys, S;c. [1837-8
Local Duties, continued, viz. : —
liritish & Foreigu Foicij;!!
piivilegeil. uninivileged.
TuiNiTY Duties. Buot/age and Beaconage, On all
Vessels enteriiif^ the Port of London !</. per ton. 2c/. per ton.
On all Vessels entering the Ports of Sheerness, Ro-
chester, Favershara, Leigh, ilaldon, Colchester, Har-
wich, Ipswich, Woodbriilge, or Aldbio' \d. „ Id. , ,
NoRE. Floating Lifjht. Ou all Vessels passing the
Light on their upward passages only, under 100 tons Is. per ves. 2s. per ves.
of 100 and under 200 tons ... ^s. „ 4«. ,,
„ 200 ,, 300 „ ... 3«. „ 6a-. ,,
,. 300 „ 400 ,. ... 4s. „ 8s. ,,
„ 400 „ 500 „ ... 5s. „ 10s. ,,
,, 500 tons and upwards .... 6s. „ Vis. , ,
Exeter Buoys. On all Vessels navigating to or
from the river Exe, per voyage ^(/. per ton. U. per ton
St. Anthony's Point. \ Light House, On all Ves-
sels trading to or from the Ports of Falmouth, Truro,
or Gweek \d, „ \d. , ,
On all Vessels entering the said Ports for other pur-
pose than that of trading, for each time of passing the
light Id. „ id. ,,
BiDEFORD Bar. 2 Light Houses. On all Vessels
entering the Harbours of Bideford or Barnstaple, or
any place within the Bar ,.....] i^d, „ 3d, , ,
Caldy. 1 Light House, On all Vessels entering
into, or going out of any Port or place between Worms-
head and St. Gowan's head 1(/. per ton. 2t/. per ton
C-armartiien Buoys. On all Vessels entering or
departing from the Port of Carmarthen, or any place
within the bar ^d. „ %d. , ,
UsK. 1 Light Hmise. On all Vessels trading to or
from the Port of Newport, or any place within the
mouth of the river Usk ^d. ,, ^d. , ,
BuRNUAM. 2 Light Houses. On all Vessels enter-
ing Bridgewater River 5s. per ves. 10s. per ves.
On all Vessels entering or departing from the Port
of Bristol, under 100 tons - 3s. ,, 6s. ,,
„ 100 & „ 250 „ 5s. ,, 10s. ,,
., 250 tons and upwards 7s, 6d. ,, 15s. , ,
Aberdovey Buoys. On all Vessels crossing the
Bar at the entrance of the Kiver Dovey, in or out . . \d. per ton \d. per ton
Conway Buoys. On all Vessels entering or depart-
ing from the Port of Conway ^d, „ ^d. , ,
All). 1 Light House, and Dee Buoys. On all Ves-
sels passing over Chester Bar, or between the southwest
part of Iloyle Sands, and the Main-land on the coast
of Wales, in or out 4d. „ %d. , ,
St. Bles. 1 Light House, On all Vessels passing
to or from the Ports of Whitehaven, Parton, or Work-
ington, per annum 2d. „ Id. , ,
EAST COAST.
These Duties, except for the Spurn Floating, Heligoland, W^interton and
Orford, and Harwich Lights, are payable once only for the whole voyage out and
home, but a single passage, whether coastwise or over sea, subjects a vessel to
the full duties. Those for the Wiuterton and Orford and Harwich are payable
each time of passing, as are also those for the Spurn Floating and Heligoland,
in their respective districts.
ENGLISH, BRISTOL, AND ST. GEORGE'S CHANNELS.
These Duties are ])ayable each time of passing, except that for the Bardsey
Light, which is payable once only for the whole voyage out and home.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Lights, BuoYfi. &(•, 181
English Channels, continxted, viz. : — g. d.
Tliu rlulies may be recovered by distress, aceordiii}^ to clause 54, Act 6 and 7
■Will. IV^, cap. 79, in any Port of the United Kingdom, as well as in that where
thcj' first became payable.
British and Foreign privileged Vessels navigated wholly in ballast, and with
out any passengers, are exempt.
Foreign unprivileged Vessels, navigated wholly in ballast, and without any
passenger, are exempt from the duties of the VVinterton and Orford, Harwich
and Forelands Lights.
The charge is lor the course usually taken from or to the respective Ports, and
is payable for such voyage, whether the vessel takes that course or rot, and
vessels are not chargeable with the duty for any light which such vessels may
pass or receive benetit hy, when driven out of their course by stress of weather ;
and vessels driven by stress of weather to seek shelter in any port, are also exempt,
excepting such as shall break bulk or take in cargo at such port ; excepting also
such as shall remain in port longer than the state of the weather or the repara
tion of damage may render unavoidable. Vessels from foreign port to foreign
port, without touching at any port or roadstead in the United Knigdoni are ex-
empt.— From the Tables published by permission of the Honourable Corporatioti oj
Trinity House. London : Smith and Ebbs, Towerdiill.
LONDON DOCKS.
TONNAGE RATES ON SHIPPING.
First Class.
Vessels from any Port in the United Kingdom, Isle of Man,
Jersey, Guernsey, Aldtirney, Sark, or other European ports
outside the Baltic, between the North Cape and Ushant,
(Hambro', Bremen and Einbden excepted,) seeSecmd Class,
with liberty to re-load for any port, register ton . ,06
Rent after four weeks, from the date of entering the Dock, if
discharged by the crew of the vessel; from the date of final
discharge, if discharged by the Dock Company, register ton,
per week . . . . . .01
or
If with part of a Cargo, for every ton of goods delivered . 0 6
Rent after one week from date of entrance, register ton, per
week . . . . . . .01
Vessels loading for any of those ports, not having discharged
their cargoes in the Docks, per register ton . .06
Rent after four weeks from date of entrance, register ton, per
week . . . . . . .01
Second Class.
Vessels from Hambro', Bremen and Embden, with liberty to
re-load for any port, per register ton . . .06
Rent after six weeks from date of entrance, register ton, per
week . . . . . . .01
Vessels loading for any of those ports, not having discharged
their cargoes in the Dock, per register ton . .06
Rent after four weeks from date of entrance, register ton, per
week . . . . . . .01
Third Class.
Vessels from any port in the Mediterranean, with liberty to re-
load for any port, ])cr register ton . . . .09
Rent after six weeks from date of entrance, register ton, per
week . . . . . . .01
182 UNITED KINGDOM.— London Docks. [1837-8
Tonnage Rates, continued, viz. : — s. d.
Fourth Class.
Vessels from all other ports or places whatsoever, (with the ex-
ceptions enumerated in pages 5 and 6) with liberty to re-load
for any port, register ton . . . . .09
Rent after four weeks from date of entrance if the cargo be dis-
charged by the crew ; from date of final discharge if the cargo
be discharged by the Dock Company, register ton, per week 0 1
Vessels loading for any ports or places in the third or fourth
classes, not having discharged their cargoes in the Docks, per
register Ion . . . . . .09
Rent after four weeks from the date of entrance, register ton,
per week . . . . . .01
RATES FOR DISCHARGING CARGOES, WHEN LANDED
BY THE COMPANY*.
Cargoes, consisting either in the whole or in part of hogsheads
or tierces of Suy;ar from the West Indies, (including ship
cooperage) register ton . . . . .19
Cargoes, consisting of Sugar in chests of 5 cwt. and upwards
(including ship cooperage) register ton . . .13
Cargoes, consisting of Sugar in bags, tnats, or chests under 5
cwt. or other Goods (not being Oil direct from the Fisheries,
Tallow, Hemp, Ashes, Corn, Wood Goods, Pitch, Tar, Hay
or Straw,) contained in casks bales, serous, chests, cases,
bags, baskets, mats, bundles, or similar packages ; also
spelter or metal in pigs, bars, rods, plates, &c„ register ton . 0 9
Cargoes, consisting of Mahogany or other large Wood in logs,
register ton . . . . . .19
Blue Gum Wood, or large Timber-, additional for every load
delivered . . . . . .06
Cargoes, consisting of Hemp only, or merchandise in bulk, rb-
gister ton ......
Tallow only, register ton ....
Mixed Caro^oes, of ( ton of Hemp ....
Hemp, Tallow, < ton of Tallow . . . .
and Ashes I ton of Ashes ....
Mixed Cargoes, the part which is in bulk, ton .
No charge made for excess beyond the register tonnage.
1
0
0
6
1
3
0
6
0
6
I
0
EXCEPTIONS.
Vessels from any port in the United Kingdom, which land one-
third (or more) of their Cargoes, will be admitted into the
Dockfi'ee of dues, with liberty to remain twenty-four hours
after the final discharge.
Rent after the expiration of that period, register ton, per week . 0 1
Should the vessel load outwards, the usual tonnage rates, ac-
cording to the port of destination, are charged.
* Vessels wliich discharge the wliole, or the greater part of their cargoes into lighters, will
be subject to such rales as shall be agreed upon between the Sliip-owuers and the Company.
0
1
1
0
0
6
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— London Docks. 183
Tonnage Rates, continued, viz. : — s. d.
Vessels from Spain or Portugal, with cargoes of wool and cork,
register ton . . . . . .06
Rent after three weeks from date of entrance, register ton, per
week ......
Vessels to or from the Southern Whale Fisheries, register ton
Oil delivered into craft, tun ....
Rent after six weeks from date of entrance, register ton, per
week . . . . . . .01
Vessels landing part of their cargoes.
First or Second Class, ton of goods landed . . .06
Third or Fourth Class, ditto . . . .09
Rent after one week from date of entrance, register ton, per
week . . . . , . .01
Vessels loading part of their cargoes,
First or Second Class, ton of goods taken on board . .06
Third or Fourth Class, ditto . . . .09
Rent after one week from date of entrance, register ton, per
week . . . . . , .01
Light Vessels to lie up,
On entering, every register ton of the vessel , . .06
Rent after four weeks from date of entrance, register ton, per
week . . . . . . .01
Vessels which enter the Dock to lie up, and afterwards load
out, pay dues according to their port of destination.
Vessels wholly corn laden are exempt from tonnage rates, but
are charged for Docking and Uudocking as under : —
If 100 register tons and upwards . . . . 21 0
Under 100 tons . . . . . 10 6
"With liberty to remain in the Dock twenty-hours after the final
discharge of the cargo.
Rent after the expiration of that period, register ton, per week . 0 1
Should the vessel load outwards, the usual tonnage rates, ac-
cording to the port of destination, are charged.
Vessels two-thirds laden with Corn ai-e charged tonnage rate
on the proportion the remainder of the Cargo bears to the
register tonnage.
Vessels Coal Laden —
If the Coals are to be landed.
For Docking and Undocking ....
For every ton of Coals landed ....
If the Coals are to be trans-shipped, register ton of the vessel .
"With liberty to remain in the Dock twenty-hours after the final
discharge of the cargo.
Rent after the expiration of that period, register ton, per week 0 1
Vessels leaving the Dock for repairs are not charged rent for
the period they are absent; nor is any charge made for
ballast, chalk, slate, or Hints, received from or delivered into
craft.
Note — Vessels are uot permitted to leave the Docks until the tounage dues and other expenses
have been paid; for wliich purpose the Register must be produced at the Superintendent's
Office, if British; or a cevtiticate of admeasurement, by the proper Officer of the Customs, if
foreign ; when a Pass will be granted, which must be lodged with the Docli-Mastcr, on the
vessel leaving the dock.
21
0
0
6
0
6
184 UNITED KINGDOM.— St. Katharine Docks, [1837-8.
ST. KATHARINE DOCKS.
Table of Tonnajre Rates chargeable on Vessels entering the St. Katharine Docks,
and also of the Rates for discharging Cargoes landed by the Comjiany, subject
to such revision, from time to time, as shall be found expedient.
VESSELS INWARDS.
Per Ton PRIVILEGE.
Vessels whose Cargoes are Discharged
by tlie Dock Company.
Use of the Docks to Vessels arriving from
Hambro', Bremen, or Embden, or from
any port in the Mediterranean for Six
Weeks — from the date of entrance — if
arriving from any other port Four Weeks,
from tlie date of final discharge, with
liberty to load outwards, for any port or
place, and to quit the Docks for repairs,
and re-enter, — the period of absence
from Dock for such purposes not to affect
the privilege.
Vessels whose Cargoes are Discharged by
their Crews.
The like privilege, — but to commence from
the Date of Entrance.
Per Ton Regist.
ON VESSELS LADEN, t.
RIVING FKOM Register.
First Class. — Any port s, d.
of the United King-
dom, Isle of Man,
.fersey, Guernsey, Al-
derney, Sark, or other
European ports out-
side the Baltic, be-
tween the North Cape
and Ushant . . . 0 G
Second C/ass. — Any
other port ... 0 9
Rent, in each case after the expiration of the Privilege, per Week.
For partial remissions and exemptions on Vessels partly laden, on
arriving from Spain or Portugal, Wool or Cork laden, or Vessels
with Corn, and Coasters, see annexed Table.
Rates for discharging cargoes hy the company.
Cargoes, consisting in the whole or in part of Sugar in Hogsheads
or Tierces, including ship-cooperage ....
Cargoes, consisting of Sugar in Chests of Five cwt. and upwards,
including ship-cooperage .....
Cargoes, consisiing of Sugar, in bags, mats, or chests, under five
rwt., or other goods, {not being Hemp, Tallow, Ashes, fpood Goods,
Corn, Pilch, Tar, Hay, or Straw,') contained in casks, t)ales,
serous, chests, cases, bags, baskets, or similar packages ; also,
Spelter, or Metal in pigs, bars, rods, plates, &c.
Cargoes, consisting of Hemp onlj^, or merchandise in Bulk
J , , , Tallow only
£.
0 0
0 1 9
0 1 3
Mixed Cargoes of
f Me
He
\ Tallo
I Ashe
emp
ow
Blue Gum Wood or Lahoe Timber, additional for every
load delivered . . . . .06
No charge upon excess landed beyond a Ship's Register Tonnage.
VESSELS OUTAVARDS.
Entering the Docks without Cadgoes.
Per Ton of
Gooris,Char{,'e
in no case to
exceed tlieEe-
gislei' Ton-
nage of tlie
Vessel.
Loading for any Port enu
merated in the Impor
Table in first C'lass
Do. do. second do.
Vessels loading in part on
quantity taken on Ijoard
acc(n'ding to their port of
destination as above clas-
sified
:■•'}
Per Ton
Register,
0 6
0 9
>as above.
PRIVILEGE.
Use of Dock to load Four '
AVeeks from date of en-
trance
f Use of Dock to load, One
I AA^eek from entrance .
Rent .ifier ex-
j)i ration of tlie
I privilege One
/"Penny per
Ton Register
per Week.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— St. Katiiarink Docks. 185
TABLE of Special Kesjulations, Remissions and l^'xemptlons, and Miscel-
laneous Charges applicable to \'essels Inwards, not beinj!; I'ully laden, or
laden with the articles enumerated, or I'^ntering the Docks lii^ht, &c.
No Tonnage Rate will ho charged on Vessels wholly CoRN-i.AniiN whose cargoes
shall he landed in the Docks, but a charge will, in such case, be made I'or
Docking and Undocking, as under: —
Vessels of 100 Tons and njiwards . .£11 0
Vessels under 100 Tons . . . 0 10 G
with liberty to remain in dock without further charge for twenty-four hours
after final landing. Rent, after expir;ition of that period, one penny per Ton
Register per week. Should the vessel load outwards, the usual tonnage-rate's,
according to the port of destination, will be charged, instead of the rate for
docking and undocking. The Dock Company reserve the pov/er of refusing
the admission of ships laden entirely with corn.
No tonnnge-rate will bo clru-ged on vessels from any port in the United King-
dom landing goods in the dock to the amount of one-third of their register
tonnage, but rent in such case will be charged at the usual rate on remaining
twenty-fuur hours in dock after such landing takes place. Should the vessel
load outwards, the usual tonnage-rates according to the port of destination
will be charged.
Other vessels, not being fully ladeu at the time of entering the docks, will he
charged tonnage-rate only, on the proportion of cargo brought in ; the amount
of rate to be determined Ity the port from whence the vessel has arrived ; and
if discharged by the Company, rates for unloading in addition, according to
the description of the cargo, and quantity so discharged. Rent, after one
week, one penny per ton register per week.
Vessels laden with Cork or Wool from Spain or Portugal will be charged only
sixpence per ton register. Rent, after three weeks from date of entrance, one
penny per ton register per week.
Light vessels entering the dock to lie up will be charged for any
period not exceeding Four weeks per ton register . . 0 0 6
Rent per week, after the expiration of the Four weeks, on the
Register-Tonnage, per ton . . , . .001
V^essels two-thirds laden with Corn will be charged tonnage-rate only, on the
proportion which the other part of the cargo bears to the register tonnage.
Vessels laden with wood goods, pitch, tar, hay, straw, or discharging the whole
or greater part of their cargoes into lighters, will be subject to such terms as
shall be agreed upon between the ship-owners and the Dock Company.
MISCELLANEOUS CHARGES.
For labourers hired of the Comjtnny, to work on board, and who
shall he tmder the directions and responsibility of captains or
owners of vessels, both or either, (which rule applies to all over-
board deliveries,) a charge will be made for each man per day, of 0 3 6
Thames water supplied to vessels by the Company, per ton . 0 10
For an abstract of a ship's cargo inwards and weights thereof, for the purpose of
making up freight accounts, the following charge will be made : —
£ X. d.
If the Goods have 1 0 marks, or under . 0 2 0
1 1 marks to 20 marks . 0 3 6
21 marks and upwards . 0 0 2 each mark or parcel.
WEST INDIA DOCK COMPANY.
* The East India Warehouses in Fenchurch Street have become tlie
property of this Company, with the privilege of Bonding East India
and China produce : tea, indigo, silk, piece goods, and such drugs,
spices, and other articles as are specially reqiured for inspection in
London, after landing in the docks, will be sent up to these ware-
houses whenever required by the Proprietors,
186 UNITED KINGDOM.— West India Docks. [1837-8.
Import Vessels when Discharged by the Company,
Including docking, mooring, and removing within the Docks until
discharged. Ships' Cooperage or Mending, and the use of the Docks,
if from Hamhro', Bremen or Embden, or the Mediterranean, for six
weeks from the date of Entrance ; if from any other Port or Place,
for four weeks from the final discharge : — viz.
Per Ton Register.
£ S. d.
Ships laden entirely or in part with hogsheads and tierces
of sugar or melasses . . . .026
with chests of sugar above 5 cwt, . . .020
entirely, with chests under 5 cwt. or bags of sugar,
coffee, spirits, wine, iron, copper, brass, lead, spel-
ter, or other metal, in pigs, bars, rods, plates, or
similar pieces, rice, or other goods, (except oil,
tallow or ashes,) packed m bales, bags, serons,
casks, cases, chests, or similar packages, or wood
in planks or billets, such as dye-wood, staves, &c. . 0 16
laden entirely, or in part, with mahogany, timber,
or other wood in logs . . . .026
entirely with hemp, or entirely or in part with goods
in bulk . . . . . .019
• — laden entirely, or in part with tobacco or oil, not
including ship-cooperage . . .016
entirely with tallow, not including ship-cooperage 0 13
Ships laden entirely with mixed Cargoes of Hemp and Tallow,
or Ashes, not including ship-cooperage, —
«. d.
For every Ton of Hemp 2 OL^^^ ^^^^^^. ^^ rpons charged not to ex-
For every Ton of Tallow > ceed the Register-Tonnage,
or Ashes . . 1 3J ^ ^
Ships Wood Laden,
from Europe or the North American Colonies,
when discharged by the Company,
Including docknig, moomig, and removing unthi?i the Docks, until dis-
charged ; unloading the Cargoes, and the use of the Docks for any
period not exceeding Four Weeks from the date of the Final Dis-
charge.
Per Ton Register,
s. d.
Laden entirely with Deals . . . . .16
partly or entirely with Timber . . .16
and for every load of Hard Wood and Masts 6f/., and
for every load of Pine or Fir Timber id., in addition.
Ships Discharged in either of the Docks or Basins by their
own Crews,
The expense of Docking, Mooring, Unmooring and Removing not
included.
Per Ton Register.
«. d.
For the use of the Docks for any period not exceeding, if from
the Mediterranean, 6 weeks, from other Ports or Places, 4
weeks from the date of Entrance . . . .09
Vessels from any Port in the United Kingdom, or European
Port, outside the Baltic, between the North Cape and Ushant,
with Cargoes for trans-shipment, for delivery on board Ships,
or for landing in either Dock, not remaining beyond, if from
Hambro', Bremen or Embden, 6 weeks, if from any other
Port or Place, 4 weeks from the date of entrance . .06
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM— West India Docks. 187
Dock Rates, continued, viz. : —
The Ton Register.
Delivering part of a Cargo and not remaining beyond one week, ,v. d.
Cd. per ton delivered.
Sloops and Craft Coastwise, with Bricks for delivery on Board
Ships and Vessels with broken Granite or Paving Stones, not
remaining beyond One Week . . . .03
Vessels entirely Corn Laden, in lieu of Tonnage-Rate, of 100
Tons and upwards, each . . . . . 21 0
Under 100 Tons, each . . . . . 10 6
Rent to commence after One clear day from final discharge.
Vessels two-thirds laden with Corn will be charged the usual Tonnage-
Rates in proportion to the other part of their Cargoes.
Vessels Entering to Load from the Import Warehouses only.
The Ton on the
gross weight shipped.
For the use of the Dock for one week . . .06
Light Vessels.
The expense of docking, mooring, unmoori?ig, and removing net included.
Per Ton Register.
Not having discharged in either of the Docks, for any period
not exceeding Four Weeks from the date of entering . o 6
Dock Rent.
For remaining over the periods specitied, per week . .01
Vessels ivhich re-enter after having been out for repair will be allowed
their privilege without reckoning the time they remained out.
WOOD.
The following charges are made on Import Ships Wood Laden :
When Discharged by the Company.
Vessels from Europe or the North American Colonies.
The Ton Register,
s. d.
Laden entirely with Deals, Planks, Staves, or Wood in Billets 1 6
Laden entirely or partly with Hard Wood or Pine Timber . 1 6
and additional on Hard Wood or Masts, per load 0*. Qd.
on Pine or Fir Timber, per load . . 0*. 3rf.
From any other Place.
Laden entirely or in part with Timber or Wood in logs . 2 6
The foregoing Rates include docking, mooring, and removing within
the Docks, until discharged ; unloading the Cargoes, and the use of the
Docks for any period not exceeding Four Weeks from the date of the final
discharge.
When Discharged by their own Crews,
For the use of the Docks for any period not exceeding 4 weeks
from the date of Entrance . . . . .09
Vessels from any Port in the United Kingdom or European Port
outside the Baltic, between the North Cape and Ushant, not
exceeding 4 weeks from date of entrance . . .06
The foregoing Rates do not include the Expense of Docking, Mooring,
Unmooring, and Removing.
Vessels partly laden, or when the whole of the cargo is not intended to be
delivered in the Docks, will be charged the above Rates on the Tonnage
delivered therein.
Dock Rent for remaining over the periods above specified the
Ton Register the Week . . . . .01
188 UNITED KINGDOM.— West India Docks. [1837-8.
TONNAGE RATES, &c. ON SHIPPING.
Vessels Inwards. s- d-
For dischai-fjing Cargoes, and for the Use of the Dock for
Twenty-eight Days from the date of final discharge, with
liberty to load for any Port, t/ie Register Ton . 1 6
N.B. — Ship Cooperage, when incurred, will be charged ; and
Vessels discharging the whole, or greater part of their Cargoes
into Lighters, will be subject to such terms as shall be agreed
upon between the Ship Owners and the Dock Company.
Bent, after the expiration of Twenty-eight Days from the time
oi fi\\^\ (}i\%c\\?i\-';!;Q, the Register Ton j:)er Week . .01
Vessels of 600 Tons and upwards (having landed the greater
part of (heir Import Cargoes in the East India Dock), when
lying lip, the Register Ton per Week . . . 0 0^
Vessels Outwards,
Entering to Load, that have not discharged their Import Cargoes
in the Docks, ibr any period not exceeding Tv.'enty-eight Days
from {he d'dte of cutnince, the Register Ton , .06
Rent, after the expiration of Twenty-eight Days, the Register
Ton per Week . . . ^ . .01
Vessels Lying up.
Light Vessels (other than Steam Vessels) entering the Dock
to lie lip for any period not exceeding Twenty-eight Days,
the Register Ton . . . .06
Rent after the expiration of Twenty-eight Days, the Register
Ton per Week . . . . . .01
Steam Vessels.
Rent, from date of entrance, per Register Tun per Week . 0 1
The Charge for getting out and landing, lifting, or shipping
Boilers and heavy Machinery (including the use of Gear) is
the Ton . . . . . .50
Use ofWharf for ditto, Me Ton 7?er ?Fee/; . . .06
Coasters and Craft.
Other than Lighters, with Cargo for Outward-bound Ships,
with liberty to remain for one Week, the Register Ton . 0 6
Other than Lighters, loaded from the Import Warehouses, with
the like privilege, on the gross Weight they take on board,
the Ton . . \ . . . .00
In either case. Rent, after the expiration of One Week, the
Register Ton . . . . . .01
WATER.
Supplied from the Reservoir, the Tun , . .10
Filtered Water ditto . . .20
PILOTS.
Office of the General Shipowners' Society, 72, Cornliill,
Aiuil 1,1837.
Sir. — The Committee of the General ShipowniTs' Society having ascertained
that Dover boatmen are in the practice of falsely representing to masters of
vessds coming from the westward that there are no Cinque-port pilots on shore
at Dover, the Committee recpicst the I'avom- that .i notice may lie exhibited at
Lloyds, requiring all masters of vessels to displaj' uccording to law the usual
hif^nal for a pilot on arrival oil Dnngeness, and to keep it flying until a Cinque-
port pilot comes on board, and 'on no account to jiermit it to be hauled down
by reason of any representation that may be made by boatmen.
I am, Sir, Stc.
Mr. W. Dobson, William Oviate, Secretary.
1837-8.]
UNITED KINGDOM.— Pilotage
189
■ :^ ,^"" ^3 ". .
""^
"co""^"
un.-
■ ■■^»...«— .
"";
S--"-§"2a
^ — "H
ci ':S
« X ©1 CO
C)
in
•2 2 j"" J £3
.^.r-a a a o
s 1
•■^■2 s s : r
o
23 C t
: : :
: : :
:
: :
:
;
hII-'o?
c!
.^ CO 0-. OT o •
CO
~0io~;"
toco^~^
:
'. '^ :
;
; 1
:
;
^:l.e^"ll
w-j CO <o2
CO
— to
OCO
■*
^ 'C r3 o *? ^
..: o CO -*■ (^ •
-♦J -1 CT -M « •
C5
rHCO ;
ino •
.
• o •
.
,
o " t "2 § .5
o S' y. 2 a --S
^
.qCO o oot •
O
"to loo
oto •
too
■"o"
"o •
-_ i> s cs a
O
«J u5 in o -J
-*
■M-itO
O^O
in ^
-f
'fi
1— 1
--*
f— ( pH
p^
rM
00
o ?< rj
■* CO ;
«
• 00 o
CO
o
•
1pI:I
*i
.^ tc <£> => -.2 u>
to'
"p^^cTtoT
COOOJ
"in-
O 05CO
"»"
"o "o
"at'
"o
J
«5 1-» to in "-I ■*
-*
CO^-fC-
-Jr^ ■*
to
in CO ro
in
■* <3i
-*
-*
pti
•"•
1— ( f— l*—
1^
*"*
"S n c •- J 2
o
CM
.^; e-i oi --i <n CO
-•l — ' — • >« <N 0!
t^
04— l<M
CO t>oo
«^
» tor^
00
00 CO
CO
O
- Sb a,«_
*i
.^ o o o oco
cT
~too"cT"
cninco
"ST
in om
""to"
to to
—to-
"o
^a> CO -i-Ho
00
in -^o
to-* c^
c-
to tooo
t^
in •>«'
in
t
l?S'|!|
1— « P^ rH -H r-^
'-"*
'"'
■^ ■/! ^ S g S
o>
vj::^ o ooojo
to
CCO^
coto t^
t--.
I
- into
(^
CO CO
00
00
Q, :- ■" _ O 1-1
J -.3 M'a.ao
"S
^ O O O C. «5
c»~
CO OJO
O CO to
"o"
?o o o
"sr
to o
~iS-
-to"
fe
W t^ rrl CT> in o
to
in CO'*
Ol --( o
co
t-
~ CO to
i^
to o
to
'—*
on
tj o ^ in to i-~
Tt ^^ .—1 -^ — < — •
in
to oDcn
co'n in
to
i^ iti^
t>.
t-» <M
t~
00
•~ ., "^ ^ 3 g
•
•^■•0 to !0!i>«5
CO
o too
tO(^ to
"oT
o oto
"o
"CO CO
"to"
"to
■^ a o (u -^
0)
b
»■ CO tH CO CO *
r^
to Sif-H
r-M o
00
CO tN CO
CO
C-- in
t^
to
t~>.
•^ci ■-^ 222
in
inc^oo
(?) ■"(•in
to
to ^in
to
t> tM
t^
c-
mr4
■s
^ 05 OT O -OkT
ftc •^^ O O X C-1
c<r
o
ocoo
lO -*o-)
COO-l
"to"
o
o oo
CO (M M
"o"
CO
o to
00 o
o
"co
b
r-< <-H
■— (
— '
t r-*
f^
o
.^ CO -^ z^ " 2
~p^ o o CO ^ ^ ^
-*•
m to t^
(M ^ in
in
to -J< -*
to
to C<I
to
c^
1 ==-t i si
CI
0-. o to
■"cocoo"
"to"
to too
"to-
o o
"o"
"o
j2 E 3 " a ■-
^
u_o ri g 2.S<
b
« to t^ to •* 00
<M
CO to CO
OOQOOI
o
O CO !?>
rn
00 to
(XJ
00
2'-5 i"]; ^ E
.— < 1— « 1— )
n^ r~l t-i
*— I p^
^-
1—4 f— *
PH
•^
in
tjj c^ o 2 d S
'J'
-*«5tO
(NCO-*
in
in CO -*
in
to (N
to
^
-•
p^CO CO 0C4O
o
otoco
CnO (3J
CO
to toto
"to"
to to
"o"
-■
"S-S ^2'=^ 1.
fci
f^ C^ CO o o o
in
C^QO -*
CO — ( (M
_,
o -^n
o
o ^
o
00
P*.'^ " 4* ^ >ra
^^
•— *
'-*
■"•
^ "o -^'^ "^ ^^
'J'
tj r~ oj 2 n; HJ
CO
-* lOO
(MCO ^
in
in CO CO
in
m (M
in
to
X « G S = r '^
.^- (O to to to t.2
m
"c^o o
o to to
"o"
CO to
"CO"
to o
to
"<o
^ ^ Sc O "5* c^
o
t.5 CO m CO OJ '-I
(NO in
cri ojco
<N
^ in-*
c
to
(=•
5 i 3 §•!] - 1
b
"--<
—*
pH r—*
■"*
'~'
m
(J to 00 Ol o o
CO
^Tjiin
^coco
^
IP
<^Jco
in
-
in
in
.2 ~ .^ 5,0^ -3 ^
^ a Q oj" o o ?
■s
.^o to ooco
"cococT"
"totirto"
"o"
~o oco
"o"
"CO CO
"co"
to
b
win in •>*-*«
to
00 o in
•ri<CO •>*"
!M
<N toin
tN
F^ Ot
rH
o
•3 S S s o S o
01
'-tj to 00 00 S! CI
CO
CO tin
-l(Jln
-*
■<*l (NO«
^
in i-H
in
in
~s
p^J 05 Oi CO CO --o
Ol
O OJ to
OCiJ CO
to
o
o o
o
o
o
o
CO
b
■cin -^ CD O 04
Ol
a> cqto
o •* m
2
O)
toto
(M
(S^
o
(>j
m^
a u -^ 3j > ^ 4j
•r .- :2 ti S "= 13
iJ X 2 -5 rt ^- ^
'-*?in t^ t--co(X5
c^^
CO-* -*
-- 'M •>!
CO
^
— ( tM
■^
■H(
I!
•*
in
""o""
^- CO O ti> CTl CO
to
en too
coo o
to
to
too
to
o-
to
o
o
"^."^i^-:-^
b
1-; r-i CO o) — • r^
o
O CO 1?)
in to 'o
c<-
£-,tO
c
t^
CI
■= J 3 S to — --^
-n; - =..2 . .00
o
■^'.n to t-t-t^_
.^O CO o => to
o
(MM-*
coo CO
"co^coto"
^&1
_^
-a — (
o o
CO
o
(=
oT
o
■5-
rr a =5 i , -
a i; ^2 " z! § -2
r"
.2 3 J S~ci o
»(M CO oot:^co
t-'
in oot^
O <M =>
^
o
-* t
o
c
-*
o
o
- g ■"b— 5;.a
b
1— « i-H
— *
.— I
<— <
Si >. " 1 .«- K S
(3J
«4j ^ to to to t^
»«
(JJCO CO
— 1 — ItM
_?2_
J5
^ —
CO
■^ — *
_S!_
-Si-
lliia-gj
r**
.^ 05 as CO -^ Gi
WIN l^ (»— (O
CO
CO
to 0 0-.
O — (O
C-. too
o
2
o
00
o?^
o
00
CO o
t^ (H
CO
te
to
^ ?|'l§2.2
b
CO
'H -# in in to to
(MCO CO
O— ( — (
(N
CO
_<_(
CO
CO
_,
CO
-t
111 ill
-'" t;
PQ to O to OT O
m~
(SCO to
CO o to
CO
to to to
to
to to
to
o
1) .^ -)
9 2 J: - o ^^ u
r, a~
«! CO <M to in to
CO
toin >*
a>?3t^
in
-* 00 c^
-<J(
CO 00
CO
tM
^ a cc — o :r; M
>,c> to^ m
?.= tea , ..,'
^5
CN. "'
-« CO -* •^"y\n
^
« rs CO
O -^ — '
'^
CO o -'
CO
JO o
CO
t
S.^ a 0) T .a
o o ^ S-^ H
■ ^' r • '-S
/^•-N : :^
; :^
~^
•.^
. —
•J
• . c^
Sjg
. . u
s
— " S
s
1
m
• ^ a
3-^
3"a
■^ ' a
'.■^ o
1) -^
5 a
n
p
1^ ^
5 "ti
CO O
o
H
.'.^ o
• — c
• 2-. o
^ ^ in
P5-S a
li
511
•=sj
III
1 j<
I
3 S d (t
&.9 =~
E
s
a
o
iJ
o
to
c
E
■piiiii
.2 r c a o .= J.
HO J ? S
2"
a I o
o ." l2
"3 'g S £
r
2 °
P o
?i6
■c
o
o
S- 1
^
_5
2 a i 2 -■ S "3
O
C!
b
ta 3i o — 3 «
03 ^ ^
(!) >-■ a S
S K ti
a)
P3
tc
O
o
11
o
1
>
•5 'k
tj
-5 rf
P
H
_„,„,„
o
- 1-
u
fe'^.i: 2 " a
190
UNITED KINGDOM.— Pilotage.
[1837-8.
o
|J'$
CO ^
"o CC
S5
aJ_3 -
c^ <>» c^
23 '^ '^ '^"^ '■
<4J
CO n-*m
«« :: x:^~
«o o coro
- Si " ";3-
■—< ^ izj -H !— J
CO ?o ^ o
t^ CO o c^
C^ ODCO «
O OC<50)
in in oco
^■#S
O r.s "
"rt O «j
? 3^
r' Ph.2
',j3 £
P<
Ph
P O OJ
So s
f-« c3 !^
:l i H
5 " a
M s
g 1-^ pq .2
^
1..'°^^^
a!
rSirH fccs"
<a
3 0 p.-:; =«
0 > >
-5
t^ >, 3J o3 ''
° t>.^.&^^
n
^"^ aj-5-i=
J? - be ■'•' bfi
^ 2 >>2
• rH
0 rt c ^ 2
-n
"7! -S 0 OJ 'S
Ol
>2 t- .r: n
C3 0 t„ rt >
S)
I- " .« * -2
.2 -2 -J <D J>
"5
• « t. cu >r-y
.-S a; M c S
rS^ " ° "
aj
fcc M " tn a>
M
a 0 &ci3 *r
2
s
0
-« S 5 ^d
Ph
m te Cu !P ^
3: ==^ ^
^^iZrZ
50..^
o >
Pk a;
be 05
,oH
is >
^c5
-c y c n • ° 2
->-' C cu n3 :£
-t-i at •'^ o ti_
O
"« 2
I. ^ ^ 5 .S ^ ■'3
o
^
o ^ ^ ._=
5^ M
£1 =
c>j _
~s 0 0
0
^.0 Tl-
CO
H S:
0 B^
<+!o ^
CO
0 -■
to
.06^
■~:a> 0
0
[To
c 0
^0 0
o-H
c+3 ^ ^5
0
0 3
-r -"
^d
-a® 0
0
0 i^
ci 0 0
0
H S
"^ .-1
'"'
■=> fl
Mi (^5 CI
, — 1
•0 -,
^
=«.d
-.•0 0
0
□ CM
0 u,
c" 0 0
0
:2 3
1^ CO C-1
.
-*So
'* 0 0
0
§ w
=00 0
in
0 3
iT^Ji"
'T
^
o^i'"'s-
ji
-tJ ^ n! 0 — ' •
^^^^.S :
^
a> = p c -" .
A
S "5 ^ JS -
a
OJ &
5c 2 :2; fi. f*^ :
0 .a .
s-"^ ip= c,Z
0 pq .5 0 C/D.-
i-2
t^ t^
N
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Pilotage. 191
COURT OF COMMON PLEAS, Guii.duai.i,, Oct. IGth, 1 837.— (&V//.«^s in
Londorty before Lord Chief Justice Tindai., and Special Juries.)
MOUSM-.Y V. IIL'TCHIN.SON.
This was an action to recover, in damages, the value of a brig, called the
Perseverance, which was lost in the river Kibe, on the night of the '29th of No-
vember last, owing, as it was alleged, to her having been run against and seri-
ously damaged by a steam-vessel called the Lee, of Hull.
Mr. Serjeant Wilde, Mr. Maule, and Mr. Richards appeared for the plaintiff;
and Mr. Serjeant Talfourd, Mr. F. Kelly, and Mr, Murphy conducted the de-
fence.
From the evidence of the plaintiff's witnesses it appeared, that on the '29th of
last November the brig, which was laden with coals, was proceeding up the
river Kibe, on her way to Hamburgh, when she backed her sails, and lay to op-
pQsite to a place called the Bush, on the Danish side of the river, for the purpose
of faking a pilot on board. The Lee steamer, which was also on her way to
Hambtugh, came up just as the pilot-boat was within three ships' length of the
brig', and the captun,in his anxitty to be supplied with a pilot before the brig,
ran the steamer right against the latter, in trying to reach the pilot-boat first.
In consequence of the collision, the starboard quarter of the brig was very much
injured, and her stern nearly carried away. A hole was also made in her side,
and to keep her from sinking she was obliged to be put about immediately, so
that the hole should be on the weather side. She also hung out a signal of dis-
tress, but the steamer, instead of assisting her, continued her course up the river
as soon as she was supplied with a jiilot. The brig subsequently proceeded in
her disabled state as far as Friburg Roads, where she lay to lor assistiuice for
some time, with her signal of distress still flying. Towards evening, however, a
violent storm came on, which drove her further up the coast, and she finally went
down with eight of the crew, including the pilot. The captain and two of the '
crew were saved by clinging to the rigging all night, a boat having put off to
their rescue in the morning. It was distinctly sworn by the witnesses that the
collision might have been avoided had due caution been used by the persons. on
board the steamer, and that no blame was attributable to the master and crew of
the brig. She was lying to at the time, with her sails aback in the usual vvav.
and the river where the accident occurred was two miles in breadth, so that there
was ample room for the steamer to have passed her, either to the north or south.
It was admitted that after the collision took place, the steamer returned and
hailed the brig, asking if she made water; and. having been answered in the
aflRrmative, the captain of the steamer said that his vessel was making water too,
but it was positively asserted that no offer of assistance was made.
For the defence it was contended, first, that no blame was attached to the
steamer, and that the collision was entirely owing to the carelessness of the mas-
ter of the brig ; and, secondly, that even if the steamer was to blame for the final
loss of the vessel, the pilot, and not the master of the steamer, was responsible,
the whole control of the vessel being vested in the former, according to the laws
and regulations of the authorities of Hamburgh, in whom the appointment of
pilots for the navigation of the river I'^ibe was placed. It was also contended
that in consequence of the unseamanlike manner in which the brig was lying to
when waiting for a pilot, she mainly contributed to the accident Inn-self, and that,
in fact, she run sternways in upon the steamer, and caused considerable damage
to her. It was further urged that an offer was made by the master of the steamer
to tow the brig up to Hamburgh, but that the proposal was declined, and it was
strongly insisted that the vessel might have been saved and the loss of life
avoided, had she been taken at once to the nearest port to repair the damage she
sustained, or had she been run on the soft muddy shore on the south side of the
river.
Mr. Serjeant Wilde replied upon the evidence.
Lord Chief Justice Tin».\i. sumured up the facts of the case, and explained the
law bearing upon them.
The jvu-y found a verdict for the plaintiff; the amount of damages to be
settled elsewhere by consent of the parties.
192 UNITED KINGDOM.— Liverpool and Bristol. [1837-8.
PORT OF LIVERPOOL.— Dock-office, Liveipool, Oct. .",, 1837.
Notice to Manners. — The tmstees ol" the Liverpool Docks aud Harbour do
hereby give notice, that, for the better guidance of the mariner into and out of
this port, the following alterations will be made in the Formby, Leasowe, and
Bidstone Lights, and exhibited on and after the evening of Saturday, the 11th
of November next.
Formby Liff /it.— Thh light will be distinguished as a fixed red light ; and, in
order to give a clearer berth to the north-western and south-eastern elbows of the
banks of the New Channel, which have changed their positions, it is neces-
sary, when inward-bound from the westward, to take the bar of that Channel
with the Red Shore light, open a sail's breadth to the southward of the Formby
floating light, and, after crossing the bar, which the soundings will show, open
them as much to the northward, and thus nearing the floating light, instead of
taking up and preserving those lights in one.
This alteration in the character of the Formby shore light will also afford a
distinction for identifying it when approaching from the northward.
Leas'jue Light. — This light will be so masked as to give a defined light in the
Rock Channel, within certain limits, and will suddenly disappear, bearing S.W.
to vessels inward bound, when off AVest Wharf buoy, R. 3, Red, and suddenly
npjiear when outward bound.
Bidstone Light. — This light will also be masked so as to give a defined light
in the Rock Channel, within certain limits, and to vessels inward bound v/ill
suddenly disappear on the bearing of S.S.W., when abreast of East Wharf
buoy, R. -4. Red, and suddenly appear, when outward bound.
These lines of masking and unmasking intersect that spot in the Crosby
Channel v.'here the course alters, so that, in running up from the Formby float-
ing light, the mariner must haul up from S.S.K. \ E. to S. by E. \ E., on losing
Bidstone and Leasowe lights, and, on running down, keep away from N. by
W\| W . to N.N.'W. \ W., on their opening out. — All bearings by compass.
By order of the Committee,
H. M. Deniiam, Capt. R. N., Marine Surveyor.
BRISTOL DOCK RATES ON VESSELS.
For every Ship or Vessel entering into the Port of Bristol, (except Vessels pass-
in<T, or going to or from the Bath River Navigation, or Kennet and Avon
Canal,) the s'everal Rates and Duties according to the Register Tonnage of
such Vessels, viz.,— For every Ship or Vessel trading from
%d. per Ton.
Ireland.
Isle of Man.
Scotland.
G(/. per Ton.
Coasters Westward of Flat Holmes.
hs. per Voyage.
Coasters Eastward of Flat Holmes,
having one-third of their ladnig of
Coal, ScrulT, Iron, Tin, Tin Plates,
Grain, Copper, Bricks, Sione, Coal
Tar, Slates, Bark. Timber or Wood,
not excL'cding 75 Tons.
7s. &d. per Voyage.
Coasters exceeding 75 Tons.
Do. Eastward of Flat Holmes, not
having one-third of their la'ting as
above, under 40 Tons.
12*. (Jd.per Voyage.
Coasters, 40 and under 75 Tons.
IGs. per Voyage.
Coasters, 75 and under 100 Tons.
2 1 s. per Voyage.
Coasters, 100 Tons and upwards.
OS. per Ton.
Africa.
Honduras.
Indies, I'^ast.
„ ■ West.
South America.
Southern W^iale Fishery.
Straits of Gibraltar, Ports within the
United States of America.
2s. per Ton,
British Colonies.
Portugal.
Prussia.
Russia without the Straits.
Spain ditto.
Sweden.
Is. per Ton,
Flanders.
France without the Straits.
titermany.
Guernsey.
Holland.
Jersey.
Norwaj'.
Poland.
Zealand.
Exceijtions to the above :— Ve.ssels putting in for Orders-', or by Distress of
Weather, and not using the Floating Harbour.
PART THE SIXTH.
UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN
AND IRELAND.
COUNTERVAILING DUTIES.
ExcisK Duty and Drawback on Articles, being the Growth, Produce,
or Ma// It/act an; of Great Britai/i or Irda//il, on Importation or Ex-
portation from cither Country into the other, pursuant to 4 Geo. IV.,
c. 30.
Duty* on Irish Articles h/vported i/ito G/-eat Britai/i, a/id Dkawuack
o/i British Articles E.rported ii/to Ireland.
Excise.
Bricks, not ex. 10 in. long, 3 in. thick, and 5 in. wide, 1000
ex. any of the foregoing dimensions, 1000
sraootlied or polished on one or more sides, 1000
Glass. So much of any act or acts as requires a certificate of
the charge or payment of duty to accompany any glass
which shall be removed from Ireland into Gteat Britain is
hereby rejoealed. j and G Will. IV., c. 77. (September
9, 1835.)
Hops, lb. . . . . .00
Plate, Wrought, British imported into Ireland, or Irish ex-
ported into Great Britain, ounce, in British currency :
Goldt ......
Silver t .
£
*.
<r.
0
5
10
0
10
0
0
12
10
0
IG
0
0
0
G
0
0
I
0
0
1
Soap, Hard, lb. .....
Soft, lb. ......
Spirits! of the strength of Hydrometer proof which shall be
made or distilled in Ireland, or which shall be warehoused
in Ireland, and taken out for consumption, gal. . 0 2 4
Spirits of such strength which shall be made or distilled in
Ireland, and which shall be or shall have been warehoused
there free of duty, and which shall be taken out of ware-
house for removal into Scotland for consumption, gal. 0 3 4
The like spirits which shall be taken out of warehouse for re-
moval to England for consumption, gal. , , 0 7 C
• On British avliclcs imiortod into Iieliuul, and on Iiisli ailick'S pxporti'il to Cieal DiitLiiii,
there i* iicithcrilutv nor <ha\vback,oxc«iit lieie so specifii'il.
t T. U., Aug. 19, 1S24. t4i>n<15 Will IV ,r. 75. See p. I'JG
194 UNITED KINGDOM.— Countervailing Duties, [1837-8.
TABLE OF
Countervailing Duties and Drawbacks of Excise on Commodities made
from,ov with Spirits removed as under-mentioned. (6 and /Will. IV., c. 72.)
ARTICLES.
Spirits. The Gallon, viz. ;
Ether - ...
Sweet Spirits of Nitre -
Camphorated Spirits
Lavender Water and other per-
fumes, being Spirits scented
with Essential Oils, Flowers,
or other Ingredients -
Compound Spirits of Lavender
Spirits of Rosemary
Spirits of Ammonia
Salvolatilc - - - . ^
Friars Balsam - _ -
Compound Tincture of Benzoin
Tincture of Assafcetida
Tincture of Castor
Tincture of Kino
Tincture of Guiaenm
Tincture of Myrrh
Tincture of Ginger
Spirit Varnislies - - .
Other Tinctures and Medicated
Spirits . . - .
Sweets or Made Wines
From Scotland
to England
£ a. d.
0 10 5
0 G 3
0 4 2
0 0 5
From Ireland
to Eng'land.*
£ s. d.
0 12 11
0 7 9
0 ,') 2
0 0 6
From Ireland
to Scotland.'''-
0 1 6
0 1 0
0 0 2
Specific Gravity. — No drawback under this Act shall be claimed or al-
lowed on any etlier which shall be removed from Enj^land to Scotland
or Ireland, or from Scotland to Ireland, of a greater specific gravity
than 750 ; nor shall any Sweet Spirits of Nitre be removed from Ire-
land to England or Scotland, or from Scotland to England, of a less
specific gravity than 850 : nor shall any such Spirits of Nitre be re-
moved from England to Scotland or Ireland, or from Scotland to Ire-
land, on drawback, of a greater specific gravity than 850 ; water being
taken for the purpose of such specific gravities at 1 000 at the tempe-
rature of sixty degrees by Fahrenheit's thermometer : and none of the
tinctures and medicated spirits not particularly denominated in the
Schedule, but to be charged at the respective duties and allowed the
respective drawbacks of As. 2d., 5?. Id., and 1*. for each gallon thereof,
shall be removed from Ireland into England or Scotland, or from Scot-
land into England, which shall contain more, nor shall any such tinc-
tures and medicated spirits, when removed from England to Scotland
or Ireland, or from Scotland to Ireland, on drawback, contain less than
in the proportion of one gallon of proof spirit in every gallon thereof:
and none other of the said commodities shall, when so removed, con-
tain more, when removed from Ireland to England or Scotland, or from
Scotland to England, or less when removed on drawback, than in the pro-
portion of one gallonandahalf of proof spirit for every gallon thereof;
* From England to Scotland, from Knglaud to Ireland, and from Scotland to Ireland, these
duties are drawbacks.
18.37-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— CouNTEiivAiLiNG Duties. 195
all Ether, Spirits of Nitre, and all such tinctures and medicated spirits
and commodities which shall be so removed contrary to the directions
aforesaid, shall he forfeited, and may be seized by any officer of excise
or customs ; and any drawback claimed thereon respectively shall also
be forfeited. (6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 72, ^J 7.)
Articles by Sea. — None of the said commodities shall be removed from
England to Scotland, nor from Scotland to En<^land, otherwise than
by sea, on pain of the forfeiture thereof, and 200/. by the person re-
moving the same. ^S 8.
Spirits in Casks of not less than 20 Gallons. — It shall be lawful for any
distiller of spirits in England, Scotland, or Ireland to warehouse any
spirits distilled in the distillery of such distiller, in casks, which shall
contain not less than 20 gallons each, subject to, in all other respects
the regulations, ])enalties, and forfeitures in force in England, Scot-
land, and Ireland respectively relating to the distilling, warehousing,
and removal of such spirits. § 10.
INLAND EXCISE DUTIES.
Great Britain. Ireland.
£ s. d. £ s, d.
Beet Root. Sugar. See Sugar.
Bricks not ex. 10 in. long, 3 in. thick, and 5 in.
wide, 1000 . . . 0 5 10
ex. those dimensions, 1000 . . 0 10 0
smoothed or polished on one or more sides,
1000 . . . . 0 12 10
Glass, Flint, Fluxed Materials or Metal or other
Preparations whatever, by what name soever
the same may be called or known, that shall
be made in Great Britain or Ireland, for the
purpose of making Flint Glass, to be charged
on the gross gauge of such materials in the pot,
of which fluxed materials or metal or other
preparations, 3,200 being taken as the specilic
gravity, 1 1 shall be the circular divisor for
finding the contents in each pot in pounds
weight avoirdupois, without any deduction what-
soever, 100 lb. avoirdui)ois . . 0 r. 8 0 G 8
(5 and G Wdl. IV., c. 77 ; Sept. 9, 1S35.)
Common Bottle, cwt. . . 0 7 0 0 7 0
Crown or German Sheet, cwt. . 3 13 G 3 13 6
• Plate, in Plato or Sheets of not less size than
G in. by 4, and not less than i, nor more than |
■ of an inch thick, cwt. . . . 3 0 0 3 0 0
■ Plate, in Plate or Sheets of other dimen-
sions, cwt.
Spread, Window, or Broad, cwt.
Hops, lb. .....
Malt, bushel
Paper. By G and 7 Will. IV., c. 52, s^ 3, (13th
Aug. 1836,) former Duties repealed, and the
following substituted, viz. :
Paper, Glazed Paper, Sheathing Paper, But-
ton Paper, Button-board, Mill-board,
o2
0 7
0
0 7
0
1 10
0
1 10
0
0 0
o
0 2
7
0 2
7
196
UNITED KINGDOM— Inland Excise Duties. [1837-8.
Paper, continued, viz. : —
Paste-board, and Scale-board, of whatever
kind or description, which shall be made
in the United Kingdom, without reference
to the sort, kind, or quality of the mate-
rials employed in the manufacture thereof,
lb. . " .
Stained, &c. By same Act, ^S 1, all the
duties of excise on Paper, Printed, Painted or
Stained, and all duties on licenses to be taken
out by any Printer, Painter or Stainer of Paper,
repealed.
Soap, Hard, lb. . . .
Soft, lb. . . .
Spirits, made in England, gal.
made in Scotland, gal.
Ireland, and warehoused there
duty free, and removed into Scotland for con-
sumption, gal. ....
■ Ireland, or warehoused there and
taken out for consumption, gal.
brou"ht from Scotland or
Gre:it Britain.
£ s, d.
into
0 3 4
Ireland
England, gal. . . . .070
brought from Scotland to an approved
warehouse in Ireland for consumption there,
gal. . . . .
Sugar manufactured in the United Kingdom from
Beet Root, cwt. . . , . . 14 0
(1 Vict. c. 57. loth July 183 7.)
Vinegar or Acetous Acid, gal. . . 0 0 2
See Countervailing Duties, p. 193.
Ireland.
£ s. d.
0 0 li 0 0 IJ
0 2 4
0 0
STAMP DUTIES.
[^Granted //// 5.') Geo. III., c. 184, unless otlienvise menlionetl.^
INLAND BILLS OF EXCHANGK AND PROMISSORY NOTES.
Exceeding o/. f)*
20 .
30 .
50 .
100 .
liOO .
,300 .
500 .
1000 .
2000 .
3000 .
and not cxccedinr^ 5/.
20
30
TjO
100
. 200
300
r)00
. 1000
. 2000
. 3000
Not exceciliug
Two Mouths.
Exceediii!?
Tivo Mouihs.
OiJers on Baidicrs, payable to bearer on demand, within fifte
place where issued, are exempted IVoni duty, by !) Gi o. IV., c,
certain restrictions.
10
en miles of the
40, ^M:'), under
1337-8.]
UNITED KINGDOM— Stamp Dutiks.
197
FOREIGN BILL OF EXCHANGK (or Bill of 1 Thu same Duty as
Kxchaiigc drawn in, but payable out of, Great \ Inland Bill of tUu
Britain), if drawn singly, and not in u sut . . )
on an
u sania
amount and tenor.
FOREIGN BILLS OF EXCHANGE, drawn in sets accord-
ing to the custom of iMerchants, for every Bill of each set,
where th(^ sum made payable thereby shall not exceed 100/. .
Exceeding XlOO and not exceeding £200
;^oo
oOO
1000
2000
3000
500
1000
'2000
3000
£. s. (I.
0
1
fi
0
3
0
0
4
0
0
f)
0
0
7
f)
0
10
0
0
\^
0
CONVEYANCE ON SALE OF ANV PROPFUTY. EXCEPT SHIP
BILLS OF SALE, WHICH NEED NOT BE STAMPI'^D.
Purchase
For £20
50
150
300
.-iOO
750
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
fiOOO
7000
8000
9000
1 0 . 000
12,500
15,000
20,(100
30,000
40,000
50,000
00,000
80.000
100.000
Progressive duty o
JMoney under £ 20
and under 50
. . . 150
. . . 300
. . . 500
. . . 750
. . . 1000
. . . 2000
. . . 3000
. . . 4000
. . . 5000
. . . 0000
. . . 7000
. . . 8000
. . . 9000
. . . 10,000
. . . 12,500
. . . 15,000
. . . 20,000
. . . 30,000
. . . 40,009
. . . 50,000
. . . 00,000
. . . 80.000
. . 100,000
and upwards
m eveiy 1080 words,
£.
4.
d.
0
10
0
1
0
0
1
10
0
2
0
0
3
0
0
6
0
0
9
0
0
12
0
0
25
0
0
35
0
0
45
0
0
55
0
0
65
0
0
75
0
0
85
0
0
95
0
0
110
0
0
130
0
0
170
0
0
240
0
0
350
0
0
450
0
0
550
0
0
650
0
0
800
0
0
. . 1000 0 0
ifter the first lOSO words, 20s.
BONDS
For sceuiing the payment of any sum not exceeding £ 50
£50 and not exceeding 100
100 200
200 300
300 500
500 1000
1000 2000
2000 3000
3000 4000
4000 5O0O
5000 . . . . 10,000
10,000 .... 15,000
15,000 .... 20,000
20,000 ....,,.
s. ,1.
0 0
£.
1
1 10 0
2 0 0
3 0 0
4 0 (I
5 0 0
6 0 0
7 0 0
8 0 0
9 0 0
1 2 0 (t
15 0 0
20 0 0
25 0 0
198 UNITED KINGDOM.— Stamp Duties. [1837-8.
Bonds, continued, viz. : — £ s. d.
By 6 Geo. IV., c. 41, Bonds given pursuant to any act of par-
liament, or by the direction of the Commissioners of Cus-
toms or Excise, or any of their officers, in respect of any of
the duties of Customs or Excise, for preventing frauds or eva-
sions thereof, or for any other thing relating thereto . .050
Lords Commissioners of the Treasury authorized to compound with East India
Company for Stamp Duties on India Bonds. (5 and 6 Will. IV"., c. 64.
Sept. 9, 1835.)
Bonds.— By 4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89, § II, all bonds given to
prevent the relanding of plate in respect of which any draw-
back shall be allowed upon the exportation thereof shall be
liable only to the same duties of stamps as any bonds given
for duties of customs, or for preventing frauds or evasions
thereof, are or .shall be liable to under any act for the time
being in force for granting duties of stamps, viz. . .050
Bonds for duly complying with Passengers' Act, (5 and 6 Will. IV., c. 53,
p. 27) to be without stamps.
SEA INSURANCES,
In Great Britain and Ireland respective///.
(3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 23.)
For every Policy of Insurance, or other instrument, by whatever
name the same shall be called, whereby an insurance shall be
made upon any ship, or upon any goods or other property on
board of any ship, or upon the freight of any ship, or upon any
other interest in any vessel which may lawfully be insured for
any voyage other than a voyage from any place in the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, or in the islands of
Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, or Sark, or the Isle of Man, to any
other place in the said kingdom or islands, or Isle of Man.
Where the premium or consideration for siich insurance
shall not exceed the rate of 15s. per centum on the sum
insured —
If the whole sum insured shall not exceed 100/. . . 0 13
If it exceed 100/., then for every 100/., and also for any
fractional part of 100/. . . . .013
And where the premium shall exceed the rate of 15s. per
centum, and shall not exceed 30s. per centum on the sum
insured —
If the whole sum insured shall not exceed 100/. . . 0 2 6
If it exceed 100/., then for every 100/., and also for any
fractional part of 100/. . . . .026
And where the premium shall exceed the rate of 30s. on the
sum insured —
If the whole sum insured shall not exceed 100/. . 0 5 0
If it exceed 100/., then for every 100/., and also for any
fractional part of 100/. . . . . 0 5 0
But if the separate interests of two or more distinct persons
shall be insured by one policy or instrument, then the duty
of Is. 3d., 2s. 6d., or 5s., as the case may require, shall be
charged thereon, in respect of each fractional part of 100/.,
as well as in respect of every full sum of 100/., which shall
be thereby insured upon any separate and distinct interest.
For every Policy of Insurance as aforesaid, ^vhich may be law-
fully insured for any certain term or period of time, for every
100/. and fractional part of 100/., viz.
For any term not exceeding three calendar months . 0 2 6
~-^ Exceeding three calendar months . . .050
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Stamp Duties. 199
INDENTURE OF ANY APPRENTICE, bound to serve at
Sea in the Merchants' Service . . , .020
(4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89.)
All agreements with the crew of a ship niadt; in pursuance ol" this act, and all
indt'utures of jjarish and voluntary a])prentict's to tlie sea service, and all
counterparts and assignments of sucli indentures, to be respectively executed
after the passing of tliis act, shall be wholly exempt from stamp duty. 5 and
6 Will. IV., c. 19, §35.
DEBENTURES. £ s. d.
For drawback of duties of customs or excise, in respect of goods
exported (6 Geo. IV., c. 41) . . . .050
RECEIPTS.
£ s. d.
If £5 and under . . £ 10 . . . 0 0 3
10 20 ... 0 0 6
20 50 ... 0 1 0
50 100 ... 0 1 6
100 200 ... 0 2 6
200 300 ... 0 4 0
300 500 ... 0 5 0
500 1000 . ..076
1000, or in full of all demands . . . 0 10 0
which duties shall be paid by the persons giving such receipts, discharges,
or accjuittances.
Persons giving a discharge on paper not stamped as above, for any sum from
bt. to 100/., forfeit 10/., and for 100/. or upwards, 20/. Penalty for express-
ing in any receipt a less sum than is paid, or for any fraudulent contrivance,
with intent to evade the duty, 50/.
0 1
0 1
6
0
0 2
1 15
6
0
VARIOUS STAMP DUTIES.
Advertisements, viz.
For every advertisement contained in or published
with any i^azette or other newspaper, or other periodical
paper, pamphlet or literary work, (3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 23)
where the same shall be printed and published,
In Great Britani ....
In Ireland .....
Affidavit not made for the purpose of being filed, read, or
used in any Court of Law or Equity, for every sheet or
piece of paper, &c. .....
Awards, under 2160 words * ....
Deeds, bonds, agreements, or other instruments made and
executed in Ireland, whereby any person shall become
bound or agree to submit any matter in dispute to arbi-
tration, and also all awards made in pursuance of any
such submission, are exempted from all stamp duty
whatsoever. (5 and 6 Will. IV., c. 64 ; Sept. 9, 1835.)
Bills of Lading . . . . . .030
Charter-party, or any agreement or contract for the charter
of any vessel, or any memorandum, letter, or other lorit-
ing, between the captain, master, or owner of any vessel,
and any other person, relating to the freight or convey-
ance of any money, goods, or effects on board of such ves-
sel, under 2160 words* . . . . 1 15 0
* Awards and Charter-parties, of 2160 words and upwards, for every quautity of lOiO words
above the lirst 1080, a further progrcssivo duty of \i. 5s.
200
UNITED KINGDOM.— Stamp Duties— Letters. [1837-8.
Letters, viz. : — £ s. d.
Letter or power of attorney made by any petty officer, sea-
man, marine, or soldier serving; as a marine, or by the
executors or administrators of any such person,
for receiving Prize-money . . .010
■ for receiving Wages . . . .10 0
Letter of attorney for the sale, transfer, acceptance, or receipt
of dividends of any of the government or parliamentary
stocks or funds . . . . .10 0
Letter or power of attorney of any otlier kind, or commission
or factory in the nature thereof * . . .110 0
Transfers in England of the territorial debt of the East
India Company . . . . .110 0
(5 and 6 Will. IV., c. 64; Sept. 9, 1835.)
A TABLE.
Shoiving the Number of Days from arty Day in the Monlh, to the same Day in
any other Month throughout the Year.
c
1-5
.365
0)
31
59
90
120
3
l-s
151
'3
i-s
181
it
3
<
212
m
243
O
273
>
304
334
Jan.
Feb.
334
36.3
28
59
89
120
150
181 i212
242
273
.303
Mar.
306
337
365
31
61
92
122
153
184
214
245
275
April.
27:>
306
334 365
30
61
91
122
153
1S3
214
244
May.
245
276
304 J 335
365
31
61
92
123
153
184
218
June.
214
245
273
304
334
.365
30
61
91
122
153
183
July.
184
215
243
274
304
335
365
31 62
92
123
153
Aug.
153
184
212
243
273
304
334
365 31
61
92
122
Sept.
122
153
ISl
212
242
273
303
334 365
30
61
91
Oct.
92
123
151
182
212
243
273
304 335
365
31
61
Nov.
61
92
120
151
181
212
243
273 304
334
365
30
Dec.
31
62
90
121
151
182
212
243 274
304
335
365
Explanation. — How many days are there from the 10th January to the 10th
June, both inclusive ?
Look for January in the column marked with the months downward.s, then
seek for June along the line to the right, and you will find it to be 151.
• Letters of attorney ol' tlio last-nientioncd description, if containing 21C0 words and upwards,
a furtlier duly of 1/. for every entire quantity of 1080 words above tlie first 1080.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM— Lettkrs, NKwsrArKus. &c. 201
LETTERS, NEWSPAPERS, &c.
GENERAL POST OFFICE, :\Ion. Oct. 2, 1 837.
No 1-M.')1
e:17: '-,v-:'\ t"^^ DAIIA' STATEMENT OF THE
PACKET BOATS.*
Dover . . .
Tliu TliaiiK's
Hplylu-iul .
JMillMid . .
Pott Patrick
Wi'Viiiouth .
llesiiiialions.
Calais
Oslend
Holland . . . .
Hiimb. & Sweden.
Dublin
Waterfoid . . . .
Donaj^hadee . . .
Ciuenisev ^ Jersey
MaiN mail.' up in
Luuilou.
Daily 'Daily
M.Tu.Th.^; Fiiday'Sun.M. TI1.& Trdv
Tuesday & Pri.lav ' Monday & Tliursd'
Tuesday ^t I'Viday
Daily
Daily
Daily
Tuesday & Friday
Tuesday (& Saturd.
Daily ,
D::iiy
Daily
^lunday & Tluirsd.
British Postage
of a
Single Letter.
To ov from Lou-
don Cv Fraiice 0 10
Switzerland.
'• via France'" 1 2
Germany, do. 1 4
Spain and Por-
tugal, do. . 1 7
Italy, Turkey,
iVc, •' via
France " • i«l 7
Italy " via Mar-
sedles' . . .
India "via i\Iar-
seilles" . . .
Holland & Bel-
gium ....
Germany, Den-
mark. Sue-
den, Russia,
Ac
^\
An Inland Post
age to London
must also be [laid
)oi\ Letters from
the country go-
ing to the Conti-
nent
Too
from
London.
s. d.
2 6
2 7
2 2
2 10
2 6
2 7
3 G
3 b
2 2
2 2
2 3
3 1
to
from
Falmtli.
s. (J.
1 7
1 8
2 2
1 II
2 3
FALMOUTH STATION.
Everv Saturday.
Lisbon
Madeira
Spain
Gibraltar
f Malta, Greece, and Corfu, • • 'j Every 2nd Satinday.
I lCg3-pt and India Every 4th Saturday.
Madeira H i t a- i • .
P ■] \] 1st iuesday in each
Buenos Ayre's". '. *. '. \ '. '. '. '. Jj '"°"*^^-
America ; 1st Wednesday ditto.
Jamaica, Leeward Islands .... 1 ,
Hayti , 1st day in every nronth.
La Guayra j |
Mexico and Havannah | l')th ditto.
Jamaica, Leeward Islands . .
Hayti \ loth ditto.
Carthatrena
The
weeks
Return of the Packets is calculated thus: — To and irom Jamaica, 12
America, 9; Leeward Islands, 12 ; Malta, 7 ; Brazils, 20; Mexico, 18.
Fiom August to JcUiuary, inclusive, the Packet touches at Pernambuco and
Baliia on her outward passage to Rio Janeiro, and the other six months on her
homeward.
• Tlie list itself contains a variety of other useful matters concerning the events of each day
auJ week.
202 UNITED KINGDOM.— Letters, Newspapers, &c. [1837-8-
Post Office, continued, viz. : —
VIGO, OPORTO, LISBON, CADIZ, GIBRALTAR, MEDITERRANEAN, AND EAST INDIES.
Mails are made up at this Office every Saturday for Vigo, Oporto, Lisbon,
Cadiz, and Gibraltar ; every second Saturday from '2nd inst. for Malta, Greece,
and the Ionian Islands ; and every fourth Saturday, from 2nd inst., for Egypt
and the East Indies, to be forwarded by Steam Vessels from Falmouth for
Gibraltar.
The Mails for Malta, Greece, and the Ionian Islands, will be conveyed from
Gibraltar to Malta every fortnight, by Her Majesty's Steam Packets employed
in the Mediterranean.
The letters for Greece and the Ionian Islands will be conveyed from Malta
every fortnight by Steam Packets, which will start after the arrival of the Mails
frum England.
The letters for Egypt and India will be forwarded from Malta once a month
by Steam Packets, after the arrival at that island of the Mail from England of
every fourth Saturday after the 2nd inst.
Power to reduce Postage on Colonial and Inland Letters, — From 1st AuSust
1837, the postmaster-general may at any time, with the consent of the lords of
the treasury, reduce all or any of the rates of postage on colonial and inland
letters and any other British postage to such extent as the Lords of the Trea-
sury shall from time to time direct. 1 Vict., c. 76, § 1 and 4. (July 17, 1837.)
East India Packet Postage. — And whereas arrangements may be made between
Her Majesty's Postmaster General and the East India Company for establish-
ing a post communication by packet-boats between Suez or Bassora or some
other convenient port of the Red Sea or the Persian Gulf and the East In-
dies ; it is therefore enacted, That when such communication shall have been
established there shall be paid for letters transmitted by such packet-boats
between any such port and any port in the East Indies (letters transmitted by
Her Majesty's Mediterranean packet-boats to«or from the United Kingdom
only accepted) the following rates of postage, viz. : —
Single letter, ... ... 0
Double ... ... 0
Treble ... ... 0
Letter 1 oz., whether single, double or treble, 0
For every quarter of an oz. beyond that weight, the additional postage of a
single letter ; which rates the Postmaster General may, with the consent of the
Lords of the Treasury, require to be paid on the letters being tendered or deli-
vered in order to be forwarded between any such ports. § 2.
Sending Abroad Newspapers not duly stamped. — If any person shall knowingly
and wilfully directly or indirectly send or carry, or endeavour to send or carry,
or do or cause to be done any act whatever for the sending or carrying, or with
intent that the same should be sent or carried, out of any part of the United
Kingdom, any newspaper, the same not being duly stamped according to law,
such person shall forfeit for every such offence 50/. ; and it shall be lawful for
any officer of stamp duties, or for any person appointed or authorised by the com-
missioners of stamps and taxes in that behalf, without any other warrant than
this Act, to seize and take away all newspapers not duly stamped wheresoever
the same shall be found, unless the same shall be in the possession of some
person having the custody thereof by lawful authority ; and all newspapers
not duly stamped which shall be seized or taken under any of the provisions
of this Act shall be destroyed or otherwise disposed of as the commissioners of
stamps and taxes may direct. 6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 76, § 18.
Caution against Illegally Sending, Collecting, Conver/ing, or Delivering Letters. —
By the Act of the 1st Victoria, c. 36, § 2, every person who despatches or sends,
or causes to be sent, or tenders or delivers in order to be sent otherwise than by
post, a letter not exempted from the exclusive privilege of the Postmaster Ge-
neral, forfeits for every letter 5/.
Every person who receives, takes up, or collects any letters not exempted from
the exclusive privilege of the Postmaster General, forfeits for every letter 5/.
Every person who conveys otherwise than by post, or delivers a letter not ex-
empted from the exclusive privilege of the Postmaster General, forfeits for every
letter 51.
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
1837^8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Bills OF Exchange, &c. 203
Letters, continued, viz. : —
Every person who makes a collection of exempted letters for the purpose of
conveying or sending them otherwise than by post, or even by the post, forfeits
for every letter 5/. And every person who is in the practice of committing any
of the above-mentioned acts forfeits lor every week during which the practice is
continued 100/.
By the 13th section, jiecuniary penalties incurred imder the post-office Acts,
not exceeding '20/., may be recovered in a summary way before a Justice of the
Peace, by any person who will sue for the same; one moiety whereof will belong
to the Crown, and the other moiety with full costs of suit, to the person who in-
forms and prosecutes.
Magistrates, CK- rks of tlie Peace, and Town Clerks are to pay over and remit
the Crown's share of the penalties in strict conformity to the directions of the 16th
section.
The following letters are exempted from the exclusive privilege of the Post-
master General, viz. : — Letters sent by a private friend in his way, journey, or
travel, if delivered by such friend to the party to whom they shall be directed ;
letters sent by a messenger on purpose ; commissions or returns thereof, and
affidavits and writs, process or proceedings, or returns thereof, issuing out of a
Court of Justice; letters sent out. of the United Kingdom by a private vessel;
letters of merchants, owners of vessels of merchandize, or of the cargo or loading
therein sent by such vessels, or in the charge of any jierson employed by such
owners for the carriage of such letters, according to their respective directions,
and delivered to the respective persons to whom they shall be directed, without
paying or receiving hire or reward, or other advantage or profit for the same;
letters concerning goods or merchandize sent by common known carriers to be
delivered with the goods without hire, or reward, or other profit, or advantage,
for receiving or delivering such letters.
But the following persons are expressly forbidden to carry a letter, or to re-
ceive, or collect, or deliver a letter, although they shall not receive hire or reward
for the same, viz. : — Common known carriers, their servants or agents, except a
letter concerning goods in their carts or waggons, or on their pack horses, and
owners, drivers, or guards of stage coaches. By command.
General Post Office, Oct. 18, 1837. W. L. Mabehlv, Secretary.
BILLS OF EXCHANGE.
Bills at Twelve Months.— From 17th July, 1837, and till the 1st of
January, 1840, no bill of exchange or promissory-note made payable at
or within twelve months after the date thereof, or not having more than
twelve months to run, shall by reason of any interest taken thereon or
scoured thereby, or any agreement to pay or receive or allow interest in
discounting, negotiating, or transferring the same, be void, nor shall the
liability of any party to any bill of exchange or promissory-note be
affected, by reason of any statute or law in force for the prevention of
usury ; nor shall any person or body corporate drawing, accepting, in-
dorsing, or signing any such bill or note, or lending or advancing any
money, or taking more than the present rate of legal interest in Great
Britain and Ireland respectively lor the loan of money, on any such bill
or note, be subject to any penalties under any statute or law relating to
usury, or any other penalty or forfeiture. 1 Vict., c. 80.
PART THE SKVENTII.
UNITED KINGDOM OF (iREAT BRITAIN
AND IRELAND.
WAREHOUSING.
[A Ivnowlcdge of the <;reat ailvaiitagcs of the M'archousing System will pro-
bably be best obtained from a perusal of the regulations themselves, as given in
the following pages. Formerly, however, merchants even of great opulence were
occasionally put to much inconvenience in having to pay duties in ready money
on importation. Let it therefore be borne in mind that, although these duties
may, in some instances, press heavily on the merchant, yet much has been done
to relieve liim of the burden. Every administration, since the establishment of
the present system in 1803, has indeed seemed emulous to extend and improve it.
Two or three individuals of rank and talent have laid claim to the original idea ;
but the fact is, that the principle was started so far b ick as the time of Queen
Anne, when rum was allowed to be boiuled fr(.'e of duty. Adam Smith dwells
with much force on the vast benefits to be derived from the adoption of a general
plan of this nature. Many and great improvements have recently been made in
the System. Three-fourths, or perhaps even a larger proportion, of the Trade of
the Covuitry, is now carried on through its intervention. — Ed.]
JFai'ehoushig bnfore payment of Duties; and lohen Duties to com-
mence.— It shall be lawful for the importer of any goods subject to any
duties of customs to warehouse such goods upon the first entry thereof,
under the laws in force for the warehousing of goods, without payment
of duly upon such first entry ; and all goods which shall have been so
warelioused before the commencement of any such duties, and shall
remain so warehoused after the commencement of the same, shall be-
come liable to such duties in lieu of all former duties. 3 and 4 AVill. IV.,
c. 5G, ^S 5.
Hoio prohibited Goods may be Warehoused for Erpiortation. — Any
goods, of whatsoever sort, may be imported into the United Kingdom
to be warehoused under the regulations of any Act in force for the time
being for the warehousing of goods, without payment of duty at the time
of the first entry thereof, or notwithstanding that such goods may be pro-
hibited to be imported into the United Kingdom to be used therein, ex-
cejU, the several sorts of goods mentioned in p. 43. 3 and 4 Will. IV.,
c. J2, s^ 5S.
Ports. Warehouses. Sorts of Goods. Warehouse Bond.— li shall
be lawful for the commissioners of His Majesty's treasviry, by their war-
rant from time to time, to appoint the ports* in the United Kingdom
which shall Ic warehousing ports for the purposes of this Act ; audit
shall be lawful for the commissioners of customs, subject to the au-
thority and direction of the commissioners of His Majesty's treasury,
* Sec List of Ports hereafter in this I'art,
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Warehottsing. 205
by their order from time to time to aiijioint in what warehouses or
places of special security, or of ordinary security, as the case may re-
quire, in such ports, and in what dilferent parts or divisions of such
warehouses or places, and in what manner any goods, and what sorts
of ivoods, may and may only be warehoused and kept and secured
without payment of any duty upon the first entry thereof, or for expor-
tation only, in cases wherein the same may be prohibited to be im-
ported for home use ; and also in such order to direct in what cases (if
any) security by bond, in manner hereinafter provided, shall be required
in respect of any warehouse so appointed by them. 3 and 4 Will. IV.,
c. 57.
JJ'arehoi/fies of Special Security. Warehouses co7inected with Wharfs
and within Walls, ^-c — Whenever any warehouse shall have been ap-
proved of by the said commissioners, as beinsj; a warehouse of special
securifij, it shall be stated in their order of appointment that such ware-
house is appointed as a warehouse of special security : provided that all
warehouses connected with wharfs for the landinfj^ of j^oods to be lodoed
therein, and enclosed together with such wharfs within walls, such as
are or shall be required by any Act for the constructing of such ware-
houses and wharfs, and being appointed to be legal quays, shall without
any order of the commissioners of customs be warehouses for the purposes
of this Act, for all goods landed at such wharfs or quays at any port ap-
pointed by the commissioners of His Majesty's treasury to be a ware-
housing port as aforesaid, and all such warehouses shall be warehouses
0^ special secur it !/.* § 3.
Bonds given previous to Act. — All appointments of warehouses for
the warehousing of goods made under the authority of any other Act in
force at the time of the commencement of this Act, shall continue in force
as if the same had been made under the authority of this Act, and all
bonds given in respect of any goods warehoused or entered to be ware-
housed under any Act in force at the time of the commencement of this
Act shall continue in force for the purposes of this Act. ^S 4.
Tobacco Warehouse. Rent. — The commissioners of customs shall,
out of the moneys arising from the duties of customs, provide from time
to time the warehouses for the warehousing of tobacco at the ports into
wdiich tobacco may be legally imported : provided, that for every ho"S-
head, chest, or case of tobacco so warehoused, the importer or proprietor
thereof shall pay for warehouse rent such sum or sums, not exceeding
any sum payable under any Act in ibrce at the time of the commence-
ment of this Act, and at such periods and in such manner, as the com-
missioners of Kis Majesty's treasury shall from time to time by their
warrant direct. ^^ 5.
Power to Revoke or alter Appoiiitinent. — It shall be lawful for the
said commissioners of His Majesty's treasury by their warrant, and for
the said commissioners of customs by their order, from time to time to
revoke any former warrant or any former order, or to make any altera-
tion in or addition to any former warrant or any former order made by
them as aforesaid respectively. ^^ G.
• JVc.rchonscs of Extra Sccuritr/.—Vy T. O., 29tli Niiv. 1836, it is on'oied lliat \v;n-L-liouscs to I,i}
entitled to tlie privile^'e of f.r?)a security bo put iiitoii peil'ect stute uC repair, and secured to the
satisruetion of ilio proper ollicevs, in tlie miunier following, viz.: — Tliat a lock be placed on
the inside of every working door, of every window of the ground lloor, and of every window
lor.I<ing into a private yard : tiiat tlie entrance door be of unilbru) thickness, and also the window
shutters and working doors on the ground floor; such doors and shutters ty be likewise lini'd
with sheet iron, or strapped with iron ; that in such warehouses where the staircases .ire sepa-
rated from the rooms by wooden partitions, the partitions be strapped « ith iron in such a manner
as to enable tlie ollicer to discover whether improper access had been had to the rooms ; every
aperture or window to have iron wire work not exceeding two inches in tlie diameter or sfjuaie
alfixed thereto by being worked into the brick-work, in addition to the iron bars an<l shutters ;
that no door be allowed to open into a piivate yard uuless the front or open s'.reet light be in-
sutlicient to light the room.
206 UNITED KINGDOM.— Warehousing. [1837-8.
Publication in Gazette. — Every order made by the said commissioners
of customs in respect of warehouses of special security, as well those of
original appointment as those of revocation, alteration, or addition, shall
be published in the London Gazette for such as shall be appointed in
Great Britain, and in the Dublin Gazette for such as shall be appointed
in Ireland. § 7.
How Warehouse Keeper may give General Bo/id. Importers' Special
Bond. — Before any goods shall be entered to be warehoused in any
warehouse in respect of which security by bond shall he required as
aforesaid, the proprietor or occupier of such warehouse, if he be willing,
shall give general security by bond, with two sufficient svu-eties, for the
payment of the full duties of importation on all such goods as shall at
any tinie be warehoused therein or for the due exportation thereof; and
if such proprietor or occupier be not willing to give such general security,
the different importers of the separate quantities of goods shall, upon
each importation, give such security in respect of the particular goods
imported by them respectively, before such goods shall be entered to be
warehoused. § 8.
How Sale of Goods in Warehouse by Proprietor to be valid. Transfer
of Goods to be entered in a Book. — If any goods lodged in any warehouse
be the property of the occupier of such warehouse, and be bona fide sold
by him, and upon such sale there shall have been a written agreement,
signed by the parties, or a written contract of sale made, executed, and
delivered by a broker or other person legally authorized for or on behalf
of the parties respectively, and the amount of the price stipulated in the
said agreement or contract shall have been actually paid or secured to
be paid by the purchaser, every such sale shall be valid, although such
goods shall remain in such warehouse ; provided that a transfer of such
goods according to such sale shall have been entered in a book to be
kept for that purpose by the officer of customs having the charge of such
warehouse, who is hereby required to keep such book, and to enter such
transfers, with the dates thereof, upon application of the owners of the
goods, and to produce such book upon demand made. § 9.
Stowage in Warehouse. Entry. — All goods warehoused shall be
stowed in such manner as that easy access may be had to every package
and parcel of the same ; and if the occupier of the warehouse shall omit
so to stow the same, he shall for every such omission forfeit the sum of
5/. ; and if any goods be taken out of any warehouse without due entry
of the same with the proper officers of customs, the occupier of the ware-
house shall be liable to the payment of the duties due thereon. ^S 10.
Goods Fraudulently Concealed or Removed. Opening Warehouse
Illegally. — If any goods warehoused be fraudulently concealed in or
removed* from the warehouse, the same shall be forfeited ; and if any
importer or proprietor of any goods warehoused, or any person in his
employ, shall by any contrivance fraudulently open the warehouse or
gain access to the goods, except in the presence of the proper officer
acting in the execution of his duty, such importer or proprietor shall
forfeit and pay for every such oifence 500/. § 11.
Account on Entry and Lauding. Marking. Alteration in Packages.
— "Within one month after any tobacco shall have been warehoused, and
upon the entry and landing of any other goods to be warehoused, the
proper officer of customs shall take a particular account of the same, and
shall mark the contents on each package, and shall mark the word " pro-
hibited" on such packages as contain goods prohibited to be imported
for home use ; and all goods shall be warehoused and kept in the packages
in which they shall have been imported, and noalteraiion .shall be made
in the packages or the packing of any goods in the ivarehouse, except
in the cases hereinafter provided. § 12.
* As to illegal removal, sec p. 32.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Warkhousing. 207
How and when Goods to be carried to Warehouse. — All goods entered
to be warehoused, or to be re-warehoused, shall be carried" to the ware-
house under the care or with the authority or permission of the proper
officer of customs, and in such manner, and by such persons, and by
such roads or ways, and within such spaces of time, as the proper odicer
of customs shall authorize, permit, or direct ; and all such goods not so
carried shall be forfeited. ^S 13.
JVheti Goods to be Cleared. Goods to be Sold or Destroyed. How
Produce applied. Purchaser allowed three Months. Compan-ifs Goods
and " Piece Goods." — All goods which have been so warehoused shall
be duly cleared, either for exportation or for home use, within three years^^'
and all surplus stores of ships within one year from the day of the first
entry thereof (unless further time be given by the commissioners of His
Majesty's treasury) ; and if any such goods be not so cleared, it shall be
lawful for the commissioners of customs to cause the same to be sold,
and the produce shall be applied to the i)ayment of warehouse rent and
other charges, and the overplus, if any, shall be paid to the proprietor ;
and such goods, when sold, shall bo held subject to all the conditions to
which they were subject previous to such sale, except that a further
time of three months from the date of the sale shall be allowed to the
purchaser, for the clearing of such goods from the warehouse ; and if
the goods so sold shall not be duly cleared from the warehouse within
such three months, the same shall be forfeited ; provided that if the
goods so to be disposed of shall have been imported by the East India
Company, or shall be of the description called " piece goods," imported
from places within the limits of their charter, into the port of London,
the same shall be duly exposed to sale by the said company, at their
next ensuing sale, and shall be then sold for the highest price which
shall be then publicly offered for the same. § 14.
As to East India goods, &c., see now New Regulations, Part 10.
Accident iii Landing or Shipping. — If any goods entered to be ware-
housed, or entered to be delivered from the warehouse, be lost or destroyed
by any unavoidable accident, either on shipboard, or in the landing or
■shipping of the same, or in the receiving into or delivering fro7n the
warehouse, it shall be lawful for the commissioners of customs to remit
or return the duties payable or paid on the quantity of such goods so
lost or destroyed. §15.
(As to Wine, Spirits, and other Fluids, see p. 123.)
Entry for Exportation or Home Use. Ships' Stores. — No goods
which have been so warehoused shall be taken or delivered from the
warehouse, except upon due entry, and under care of the proper officers
for exportation, or upon due entry and payment of the full duties payable
thereon for home use, if they be such goods as may be used in the United
Kingdom'l", except goods delivered into the charge of the searchers to
be shipped as stores, and which shall and may be so shipped without
entry or payment of any duty for any ship of the burden of seventy tons;!;
at least, bound upon a voyage to foreign parts, the probable duration of
which, out and home, will not be less than forty days: provided always,
that such stores shall be duly borne upon the ship's victualling bill, and
shall be shipped in such quantities, and subject to such directions and
regulations, as the commissioners of customs shall direct and appoint.
§ IG.
* By T. L., May 17, 1831, sooils are now allowed to remain wavehouseil fur au imlcfiuile
period ; but by C. O., May I7, 1835, not to extend to surplus stores.
i JJp./icienci/.—By B. O., Jan. 2, 1834, it is stated that it is the practice in London, where a
part of the original importation has been exported, and a portion entered for home consuniiition,
to charge the duty upon a proportionate part of the deficiency ou the quantity entered for liome
consumption. (This was the case of a large portion of tigs destroyed by rats.)
t Seep. 12.
208 UNITED KINGDOM.— Wauehousing. [1837-8.
(For list of goods which may be shipped as stores, see at the end of
this title. See also next section.)
Rum for Stores mid Surplus Stores. Payment of Duty.— Any rum
of the British plantations may be delivered into the charge of the searcher,
to be shipped as stores for a/iy ship without entry or payment of any
duty ; and any surplus stores of any ship may be delivered into the
charge of the searcher, to bo re-shipped as stores for the same ship, or
for the same master in another ship, without entry or payment of any
duty, such rum and such surplus stores being duly borne upon the vic-
tualling bills of such ships respectively ; and if the ship for the future
use of v.hich any surplus stores have been warehoused shall have been
broken up or sold, such stores may be so delivered for the use of any
other ship belonging to the same owners, or may be entered for payment
of duty, and delivered for the private use of such owners, or any of them,
or of the master or purser of such ship. ^S 17.
Entry (Did Paynipnt of Duty on Goods for Home Use. Dpfiriency on
Exportatio7i or Removal. How Value ascertained. — Upon the entry
of any such goods to be cleared from the warehouse, if the same be for
home use, the person entering such goods inwards shall deliver a bill of
the entry and duplicates thereof, in like manner as is directed by law
in the case of goods entered to be landed, as far as the same is applicable,
and at the same time shall pay down to the proper ollicer of customs
the full duties of customs payable thereon, and not being less in amount
than according to the account of the quantity lirst taken of the respective
packages or parcels of the goods in such entry at the examination thereof
at the time of the first entry and landing of the same, without any abate-
ment on account of any deficiency, except as by this act is otherwise
provided: and if the entry be for exportation or for removal to any other
warehouse, and any of the packages or parcels of the goods be deficient
of the respective (juantities of the same, according to the account first
taken as aforesaid, a like entry inwards shall also be passed in respect
of the quantities so deficient, and the full duties shall be paid on the
amount thereof before such packages or parcels of goods shall be de-
livered or taken for exportation or removal, except as by this act is
otherwise provided : and if any goods so deficient in (luautity shall be
such as are cliarged to pay duty according to the value thereof, such
value shall be estimated at tlie price for which the like sorts of goods of
the best quality shall have been last or lately sold, either at any sale of
the East India Company or in anv other manner, as the case may be.
^ 18.
Duties on Tobacco, Sugar, and Spirits. ^ 19. See Imports.
Goods not actually Warehoused. — If after any goods shall have been
duly entered and landed to be warehoused, and before the same shall
have been actually deposited in the warehouse, the importer shall further
enter the same or any part thereof for home use or for exportation as
from the warehouse, the goods so entered shall be considered as virtually
and constructively warehoused, although not actually deposited in the
warehouse, and shall and may be delivered and taken for home use or
for exportation, as the case may be. vj 20.
Goods Removed to other Ports. Tobacco for Use of Navy. — Any
goods which have been warehoused at some port in the United Kingdom
may be removed by sea or inland carriage to any other port in the same,
in which the like goods may be warehoused upon importation to be re-
warehoused at such other port, and again as often as may be required
to any other such port, to be there re-warehoused. Tobacco, the produce
of the British possessions in America, or of the United States of America,
and purchased for the use of Ilis Majesty's navy, may be removed by
the purser of any ship of war in actual service to the ports of llochester,
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— WARKiimisixo, 209
Portsmouth, or PlymouUi, tobothoveie-warohousod, in the name of such
purser, in such warehouse as shall be approved for that ])Urposo hy the
commissioners of customs, s^ 21.
lietfriyhing.SfC. — Ry (J. (> , A\)iil 14, 18-'(>, in;ili(i',Miiy and ciHlnr may Iw removed coastwise
williout ro-vvi'i'jhiiij;, njioii Uie ijartii's \)ayin^' tlii" <iuty on Uie (lilVeioncc between the ori;;i-
nal landing wciijht aiul llu^ woij,'lit ascertained at tlie l)ort of arrival.
By T. I)., March 18, 1826, warehoused goods hronglit coast« ise, whieli are intended to he eu-
tere<l for home cousumiition, inimeiliately on the arrival at the port of destination, to h(!
delivered withont being re-weighed, upon due entry and i)aynient of duty according to the
areonnt taken at the port ol original importation.
Uy C. O., July 10, 1H30, it is direrted, that on parties making application to the l)roperoflficers
in London, or to the collectors and comptndlera at the out-ports, to remove goods coastwise
under bond, without the same being first re-weighed, the otlicers do take care to satisfy
themselves that the packages are in the state in which they were imported, and that the
same bo thereniwn permitted to be removed without being re-weighed, and that the goods
be re-weighed on landing (except in the cases provided for by the Treasury order of 18th
March 18i!6, viz., where warehoused goods brought coastwise are intended to be entered for
home consumption immediately on arrival at tlie port of destination, when the duty is to
be paid according to the account taken -nt the original port of importation), and that if any
ileliciency be found between such re-weights and the original lauding weights, the duty ba
paid on sucli dolicioney forthwith.
By I'. ()., Aug. 31, 183l', the indulgence of removing article.^ under bond without re-weighing,
granted to sugar and molasses by the Treasury letter of the 13th Feb. last, is extended to
the following articles only, viz.: —
Ashes, Pot, Lead, Black,
Pearl, Ued,
Soap, While,
Wooil, ^^adderanll Uools,
Weed, Ochre,
Barilla in packages, Orchelia,
Bristles, I'ilch an.lTar,
("opperaa, Green, Shnni ic,
AVhile, Tallow,
Blue, \Vo(d, Cotton.
Ifany of such goods so removed, rem.iin in warehouse at the port of destination without pav-
nient of iluty for one year from the dale ni reni.ival. tliey ar(! then to be re-weighed at tlie
expense of the parties towliom they may belong, and the cluty on any deficiency between
f ucli re-weights and the original landing weights be paid thereon.
As to Tobacco, see p. HO.
Entry of Goods for Remoiml. Arcount sent to other Port. Enirij at
Port of Arrival. Formii (f Entries. Exomi notion bi/ Officers. Certi-
ficate of Arrival. — Before such goods shall be delivered to be removed,
due entry of the same shall bo made, and a proper bill of such entry,
with duplicates thereof, be delivered to the collector or comptroller, con-
tainint!; the before-mentioned particulars, and an exact account of the
tjuantities of the diirorent sorts of ^oods ; and such bill of the entry,
sii^iied by the collector and comptroller, shall be the warrant for the re-
Tnt)val of such goods ; and an account of such goods, containing all sibdi
particulars, shall be transmitted by the proper ollicers of the port of re-
moval to the proper officers of the port of destination ; and upon the ar-
rival of such goods at the port of destination, due entry of the same to be
re-warehoused shall in like manner be made with the collector and comp-
troller at such port, containing all the particulars and accounts before
mentioned, together with the name of the port from which such goods
liave been removed, and the description and situation of the warehouse
in which they are to be warehoused, and the bill of such entry, signed by
such collector and comptroller, shall be the warrant to the landing officer
and the warehouse oHicer to admit such goods to be there re-warehoused,
under such examination as is made of the like goods when first ware-
housed upon importation from parts beyond the seas ; and the particu-
lars to be contained in such notice and in such entries shall be written
and arranged in such form and manner as the collector and comptroller
shall require ; and the officers at the port of arrival shall transmit to
the officers at the port of removal an account of the goods so arrived, at^-
corJing as they shall upon examination prove to be, and the warehouse
oilicers at the port of removal shall notifv such arrival in their books.
^S '22.
Bond to Re-warehouse. — The persons removing such goods shall at
p
210 UNITED KINGDOM— Warehousing. [1837-8.
the time of entering the same give bond, with one sufficient surety, for
the due arrival and re-warehousing of such goods within a reasonable
time (with reference to the distance between the respective ports, to be
fixed by the commissioners of customs), which bond may be taken by
the collector and comptroller either at the port of removal or the port of
destination, as shall best suit the residence or convenience of the persons
interested in the removal of such goods ; and if such bond shall have
been given at the port of destination, a certificate thereof under the hands
of the collector and comptroller of such port shall, at the time of entering
such goods, be produced to the collector or comptroller of the port of re-
moval.* $ 23.
How bond to be Discharged. — Such bond shall not be discharged
unless such goods shall have been duly re-warehoused at the port of des-
tination within the time allowed for such removal, or shall have been
otherwise accounted for to the satisfaction of the commissioners, nor until
the full duties due upon any deficiency of such goods shall have been
paid, nor until fresh security shall have been given in respect of such
goods in manner hereinafter provided, unless such goods shall have
been lodged in some warehouse in respect of which general security shall
have been given by the proprietor or occupier thereof, or in some ware-
house in respect of which no security is required. § 24.
Terms on which Goods Re-tvarehoused. — Such goods when so re-ware-
housed may be entered and shipped for exportation, or entered and deli-
vered for home use,+ as the like goods may be when first warehoused
upon importation, and the time which such goods shall be allowed to re-
main re-warehoused at such port shall be reckoned from the day when
the same were first entered to be warehoused. § 25.
How, oil arrival. Parties may enter to Export or take for Home Use,
without carrying to Warehouse Account. — If upon the arrival of such
goods at the port of destination the parties be desirous forthwith to ex-
port the same, or to pay duty thereon for home use, without actually
lodging the same in the warehouse for which they have been entered and
examined to be re-warehoused, it shall be lawful for the officers of cus-
toms at such port, after all the formalities of entering and examining
such goods for re-warehousing have been duly performed (except the ac-
tual labour of carrying and of lodging the same in the warehouse), to
consider the same as virtually or constructively re-warehoused, and to
permit the same to be entered and shipped for exportation, or to be en-
tered and delivered for home use, upon payment of the duties due there-
on in like manner as if such goods had been actually so carried and
lodged in such warehouse ; and the account taken for the re- warehousing
of such goods may serve as the account for delivering the same as if from
the warehouse, either for shipment or for payment of duties, as the case
may be ; and all goods so exported, or for which the duties have been so
paid, shall be deemed to have been duly cleared from the warehouse. ^ 26.
Removal in the satne Port. — Any goods which have been warehoused
in some warehouse in the port of London may, with the permission of the
commissioners of customs first obtained, be removed to any other ware-
house in the said port in which the like goods may be warehoused on im-
portation ; and any goods which have been warehoused in some ware-
house in any other port may, with the permission of the collector and comp-
troller of such port first obtained, be removed to any other warehouse in
the same port in which the like goods may be warehoused on importa-
* By C. O., Dec. 13, 1825, iioisons removing goods from one wareliousing port to another, to
give bond for the due arrival and re-warehousing within three mouths.
t Increase in Goods Removed. — By C. L., Nov. 6, 1832, the duty is dispensed with on the in-
crease in the wi'ight of coffee, cocoa, .ind other articles removed coastwise, under the regulations
of the Warehousing Act, provided the quantity in each case is small, and that there is no reason
to suspect fraud or to apprehend raistalic.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Warehousing. 211
tion, under such genenil regulations as the commissioners of customs
shall direct. ^S 27.
Conditions of Remcwed Goods. — All goods which shall have been re-
moved from one warehouse for or to another, whether in the same port
or in a different port, and all proprietors of such goods, shall be held sub-
ject in all respects to all the conditions to which they would have been
held subject if such goods had remained in the warehouse where the
same had been originally warehoused. ^ 28.
How New Owner mat/ give Bond and release Original Bonder. — If
any goods shall have been warehoused in any warehouse in respect of
which general security by bond, as hereinbefore provided, shall not have
been given by tlie proprietor or occupier of such warehouse, and particu-
lar security, as in such case is required, shall have been given by the im-
porter of such goods in respect of the same, and such goods shall have
been sold or disposed of, so that the original bonder shall be no longer
interested in or have control over such goods, it shall be lawful for the
proper officers to admit fresh security to be given by the bond of the new
proprietor of such goods, or persons having the control over the same,
with his sufficient surety, and to cancel the bond given by the original
bonder of such goods, or to exonerate him and his surety to the extent
of the fresh security so given. § 29.
I/t what cases Bond of Remover to be in Force. — If the person remov-
ing any goods from one port to another, and who shall have given bond
in respect of such removal and re-warehousing, shall be and continue to
be interested in such goods, afler the same shall have been duly re-ware-
housed, and such goods shall have been so re-warehoused in some ware-
house, in respect of which security is required, and the proprietor or oc-
cupier of the same shall not have given general security, the bond in re-
spect of such removal and re-warehousing shall be conditioned, and con-
tinue in force for the re-warehousing of such goods, untd fresh bond be
given by some new proprietor or other person, in manner hereinbefore
provided. ^S 30,
Sorting, Separating, and Re-packing. — It shall be lawful in the ware-
house to sort, separate, pack, and re-pack any goods, and to make such
lawful alterations therein, or arrangements thereof, as may be necessary
either for the preservation of such goods, or in order to the sale, shipment,
or legal disposal of the same ; provided that such goods be re-packed in
the same packages in which the same goods, or some part of the whole
quantity of the same parcel of goods were imported, or in packages of en-
tire quantity equal thereto, or in such other packages as the commis-
sioners of customs shall permit (not being less in any case, if the goods
be to be exported or to be removed to another warehouse, than may be
required by law for the importation of such goods). ^^31.
As to Bottling off Wine or Rum — Mixing Brandy with Wine — Fill-
ing up. Racking off", or Mi.vitig Wine, see Imports, p. 124. \Ao.
Samples. — It shall be lawful in the warehouse to take such moderate
samples of goods as may be allowed by the commissioners of customs,
without entry and without payment of duty, except as the same may
eventually become payable, us on a deficiency of the original qua/itity.
$32.
Hy C. 0., Jan. 2, 1833, iu cases wliere the numl)ei- of caslis entored to be delivered from
wliioli one aud a lialt-|ioiiiul (tlie wei^'lit of tlie sample) slmll have been taken, is not even,
the fractional lialf-poimd is to be given in favonr of tlie merchant ; and in those instances
wlieie au entry is passed for a single hogshead, the fractional half-pound is to be also al-
lowed to the merchant.
By C. O., April iJo, 1832, samples are reciniied to be taken of eacli package of spirits removed
coastwise, immediately bifure removal, and retained for a period of three months, iu order
tliat such samples may lie resorted to, iu casus of suspicion that the spirits have been
cluingcd or adulterated in the transit.
How, after Re-packing, Damaged Parts may be destroyed. Surplus
Quantity. Neio Packages, and deficiency. Abandonment of Goods.—
p2
212 UNITED KINGDOM.— Warkhousing. [1837-8.
After goods have been so repacked in proper pankafjes, it shall be lawful
for the commissioners of customs, at the request of the importer or pro-
prietor of such goods, to cause or permit any of such refuse, damaged,*
or surplus goods not contained in any of such packages, to be destroyed ;
and if the goods be such as may be delivered for home use, the duties
shall be immediately paid upon any part of such surplus as may remain,
and the same shall be delivered for home use accordingly ; and if they
be such as may not be so delivered, such surplus as may so remain shall
be disposed of for the purpose of exportation in such manner as the com-
missioners of the customs shall direct ; and thereupon the quantity con-
tained in each of such proper packages shall be ascertained and marked
upon the same, and the deficiency shall be ascertained by a comparison of
the total quantity in such proper packages with the total quantity first
warehoused, and the proportion which such deficiency may bear to the
quantity in each package shall also be marked on the same, and added
to such quantity, and the total shall be deemed to be the irajjorted con-
tents of such package, and be held subject to the full duties of importa-
tion, except as otherwise in any case provided by this Act : Provided al-
ways, that it shall be lawful for the commissioners of customs to accept
the abandonment, for the duties, of any quantity of tobacco or cotfee, or
pepper or cocoa, or lees of wine, and also of any whole packages of other
goods, and to cause or permit the same to be destroyed, and to deduct such
(|uantity of tobacco or coffee, or pepper or cocoa, or the contents of such
whole packages, from the total quantity of the same importation, in
computing the amount of the deficiency of such total quantity. § 3i.
Foreign Casks, Bottles, ^-c. — No foreign casks, bottles, corks, pack-
ages, or materials whatever, except any in which some goods shall have
been imported and warehoused, shall be used in the re-packing of any
goods in the warehouse, unless the full duties shall have been first
paid thereon. ^ 34.
/// trhat Quantities Goods in Bulk delivered. — No parcels of goods so
warehoused which were imported in bulk shall be delivered, except in the
whole quantity of each parcel, or in a quantity not less than one ton
weight, unless by special leave of the proper officers of customs. ^S 37.
Marking Packages be/ore Delivery. — No goods so warehoused shall be
delivered, unless the same or the packages containing the same shall
have been marked in such distinguishing manner as the commissioners
of customs shall deem necessary and practicable, and shall from time to
time direct. ^S 38.
How decrease and increase may be ascertained and allowed. Ware-
houses of Special Security. — " And whereas some sorts of goods are
liable in time to decrease and some to increase, and some to fluctuation
of quantity, by the effect of the atmosphere and other natural causes,
and it may be necessary in some cases that the duties should not be
charged upon the deficiency arising from such causes ; " it is therefore
enacted, that it shall be lawful for the commissioners of the treasury to
make regulations for ascertaining the amount of such decrease or increase
of the quantity of any particular sorts of goods, and to direct in what
proportion any abatement of duty payable under this Act for deficiencies
shall, upon the exportation of any such aoods, be made on account of any
such decrease ; Provided always, that if such goods be lodjjed in ware-
houses declared in the order of appointment to be of special security;]'
no duty shall be charged for any amount whatever of deficiency of any
of such goods on the exportation thereof except in cases where suspicion
shall arise that part of such goods has been clandestinely conveyed away,
• By C. O., May 25, 1827iOn gooils entered to be warelioused before j)aympnt of duty, the
abatement for liamajje is to be made by a deduction from the entries on payins^ duly.
+ JVarekimses (if K xtra Security . — liy T. ()., November 29,1836, it is ordered, all paclcajfcs
of goods deposited in the warehouses i\i extra security, and specially approved by thy Hoard of
Customs (except sjjirils and wine) shall be permitted to be tal^en out for exportation to foreign
l)arts witliout bein^' previously rewoighed, or re-fjauged for tlie purpose of ascertaining the
delicicnry tlieruun. That
1S37-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Warehousing. 213
nor shall any such goods (unless they be wine or spirits) bo measured,
counted, weighed, or gauged for exportation, except in such cases of
suspicion. ^S 39.
[Export Alloivancps on Wine, Spirits* Coffee, Cocoa Nuts, and
Pejyjier, see Impor-is.]
Embezzlement and Waste through Misconduct of Officers. — In case it
shall at any time happen that any embezzlement, waste, spoil, or
destruction be made of or in any goods which shall bo warehoused in
warehouses under the authority of this Act, by any wilful misconduct of
anyoflicer of customs or excise, such officer shall bo deemed guilty of a
misdemeanor, and shall upon conviction suffer such punishment as may
be inflicted by law in cases of misdemeanor ; and if such olllcer be so
prosecuted to Cviuviction by the importer, consignee, or proprietor of the
goods, then no duty of customs or excise shall be payable for such goods,
and no forfeiture or seizure shall take place of any goods so warehoused
in respect of any deficiency caused by such enibezzlcmcnt, &(;., and the
damage occasioned shall be repaid and made good to such importer, con-
signee, or proprietor by the commissioners of customs or excise, under
such regulations as shall be lor that purpose made by the commissioners
of the treasury. i- ^ 40.
Isle of Man. — No goods shall be exported from the warehouse to the
Isle of Man except such goods as may be imported into the said island
with license of the commissioners of customs, and in virtue of any such
license Urst obtained, s^ 44.
How and ivhen Goods removed for Shipment. — All goods taken fi-om
the warehouse for removal or for exportation shall be removed or shall be
carried to be shipped, under the care or with the authority or permissiim
of the proper officer of customs, and in such manner, and by such persons,
and within such spaces of time, and by such roads or ways as the proper
officer of customs shall authorise, permit, or direct ; and all such goods
not so removed or carried shall be forfeited. \^ 45.
Tonnage of E.rport Ship. — It shall not be lawful for any person to
export any goods so warehoused, nor to enter for exportation to parts
beyond the seas any goods so warehoused, in any ship which shall not be
of the burthen of seventy tons or upwards.;}: \J 4G.
East India Compaiiy to Warehouse Goods. — It is and shall be lawful
for the East India Company, during the time necessary to the due
closing of their commercial business, to continue to receive into their
warehouses, and to manage any goods imported from places within the
limits of their charter, in the same manner as they were authorised to
receive and manage such goods on or immediately before April "2 2, 1834.
4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 89, sS 21,
That two per cent, lie allowed for natural waste upon all ;;oods so taken out of such warc-
lioiises for expisrtntUin, with the exception of v.ines and spirits, iu respect of which special provi-
sion is made by law.
That on the said goods heing sent to the quays for shipment, the same be carefully examined,
and tliat one in ten, or such further number of the packages as may bo considered necessary for
the protection of the reveiuie, be wei^died or gan^;ed as the case may be.
That should it appear on such examination tliat the decrease in quantity exceeds the rate of
two per cent., or that there exists any other reasonable grounds of suspicion that the packages
liave been plundered, the duties be then charged on the total amount of deliciencies so
ilelected ; but that, otherwise, the deficiencies, if any, be deenud to have arisen from natural
vaste, and the shipment of the goods be allowed without any duties bein;; charged thereon.
• .See Act, p. 12-1, allowing all deficiencies.
+ /Mi-e.— ny 5 and 6 Will. IV., c. 66.— Sept. 9, 1835,— nothing in the above Act shall extend
to any damage or loss i ccasioned by Fint'.
X Sec p. 12, also Gi'ekn'sey, Part 9.
l!y T. L., ,Uily 5, 1836, warehoused goods may be exported in vessels of CO tons burthen and
upwards, such vessels having been admeasured according to the rules of 5 and 6 Will. 1\'.
Hy ('. O., December 17i 1H36, vess-els which according to their former admeasurement were
entitled to the privilege of carrying bonded goods may still enjoy such privilege, .although ac-
coiding to the present mode of admeasurement they are not of tlie'burlln-n of 70 tons.
214
UNITED KINGDOM.— Warehousing.
[1837-8.
East India House, Aug, 20, 1834.
The Court of Directors of the East India Company do hereby give notice,
that in consequence of the arrangements which, with the concurrence of the
Board of Commissioners for the Affairs of India, have been made for giving
effect to the East India Charter Act, it is not intended that the Company
should resume the warehousing and management of private trade goods,
under the authority given liy the Customs Act lately passed.
Peter Auber, Secretary.
LIST OF THE SEVERAL WAREHOUSING PORTS IN THE
UNITED KINGDOM.
Tea. See Imports, p. 135.
E. signifies Ports privileged for East India Goods.
To. for Tobacco.
S. Special Security, as in next List.
Most of the large Ports are privileged for Goods in general, and the smaller
ones are having such frequent additions made to them that it would be
useless to enumerate particulars here.
England.
Arundel
Barnstaple
Bideford— To.
lioston
Bridgewater
Bristol — E. To.
Cardiff'
Carlisle — ^To.
Chepstow
Chester — To.
Chichester
Colchester
Gowes — To.
Dartmouth
Dover
Exeter — Tobacco Coastwise
Falmouth — To.
Gloucester
Goole— E. To. S.
Grimsby
Hull_E. To.
Ipswich
Kingston
Lancaster — To.
Liverpool — E. To.
Aberdeen — To. S.
i\rbroath, in the Port of Montrose
Borrowstoness
Dumfries
Dundee— S. To.
Glasgow— E. To. S.
Dublin— E. To. S.
Belfast— E. To.
Cork— E. To. S.
Coleraine
London — E. To. S.
Lynn — Tobacco Coastwise
Maldon
JMilford
Newcastle— E. To.
Newhaven
Newport, Monmouthshire
Penzance
Plymouth — To. E.
Pool
Portsmouth
Rochester
Rye
Southampton
Shorcham
South Shields, in the Port of Newcastle
Stockton
Sunderland — Tobacco Coastwise
Swansea
Truro
Tynemouth, in the Port of Newcastle
W hitby
Whitehaven— E. To.
Wisbech
Yarmouth.
SCOTLANU.
Grangemouth
Greenock — E. To. S.
Inverness
Leith— E. To. S.
Montrose — To.
Port Glasgow— E. To. S.
Ireland.
Drogheda — To.
Dundalk— To.
Galway — To.
Limerick — To. E.
1837-8.]
UNITED KINGDOM.— Warehousing.
215
List, continued, viz, : —
Londonderry — To. Waterford — E. To.
New Ross Westport
Newry — To. Wexford.
Sligo — To.
A Return of the number of Warehouses of Special Security in the several
Ports of Great Britain and Ireland which are entitled to that privilege by
Act of Parliament.
Ports.
London
Dublin
Number of IVarehouses.
St. Katharine Docks.
West India Docks.
London Docks.
East India Docks.
Dublin Docks.
A RiiTuuN of the Number of Warehouses of Special Security in the several
Ports of Great Britain and Ireland, which have been licensed by the Lords
of the Treasury, with the Dates of the Licenses.
Ports.
London .
Number of Warehouses Licensed,
Cork .
Goole
Aberdeen
Dundee
Glasgow
Loith .
Port Glasgow
Greenock
East India Company's Warehouses
Commercial Docks . .
Galley Quay
Botolph Wharf
Brewer's Quay
Chester's Quay . . .
Fresh Wharf
Custom-House and Wool Quays
A Stack of Warehouses .
A Warehouse of thirteen floors
Two Warehouses .
Two ditto-
Three ditto
Eight
Three
One
Eight
Two
Ten
Seven
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
ditto
Date of
License.
Aug.
1826.
Jan.
1831.
Jan.
1830.
Nov.
1830.
Nov.
1828.
Nov.
1828.
Nov.
1828.
May
Oct.
1824.
1831.
Aug.
1828.
March
1822.
July
July
Aug.
July
1823.
1823.
1823.
Aug.
Oct.
••
July
Aug.
July
Oct.
1823.
1823.
1824.
A List of the Average
tion of a voyage from
and back.
Ports of
Destination.
Abo
Algiers
Almeria
Azores Isles
Alicant
Altea
Antigua
Augustine's Bay
Ancona
Alexandria .
Ascension Isle
Archipelago Isles
STORES.
Number of Days at which may be estimated the dura-
the United Kingdom to the diflferent Ports enumerated,
Days*
Voyage.
ISO
120
420
180
450
42
80
80
80
100
120
100
Days*
Ports of
Voyage.
Destination.
100
Annabona
. 120
Archangel
100
Australia
. 90
Alexandretta .
110
Aquapulca, Mexico
. 110
Bremen
180
Bayonne
. 150
Bilboa
IfiO
Bourdeaux
. 180
Bergen
240
Bona
. 180
Bornholm
216
UNITED KINGDOM.— Warehousing.
[1837-8.
List, continued, vi
Ports of
Destination.
Barcelona .
Bay of Roses .
Baltimore . .
Baliama Isles .
Biirbadocs .
Berbico .
Bermiula . .
Boston .
Eahia
Brazils
]:iaeiios Ayres .
'i'ijiy of Campeachy
Bavcelor
Bombay .
Bengal . .
Botany Bay .
Batavia . ,
Com una .
Cadiz , .
Carlscroiia •
Carthagena .
Cape de Verd Isles, viz
St. Antonio
St. Vincent
St. Jago
Ceuta .
Canaries Isles .
Christiana
Copenhagen
Cette .
Civita Vecchia .
Corsica Isle •
Cayenne . •
Cape Hayti .
Charlestown
Chesapeake Bay
Cuba
Curagoa
Cronstadt .
Candia Isle .
Cejjhalonia .
Corfu Isle .
Calabar
Cape Coast Castle
Cartacjena, Spanish Mai
Cape St. Mary
Constantinople
Columbia River
Cuinana .
Cyprus
Caj)e of Good Hope
Callao
Co<piimbo .
Chili
Calcutta
(.'olunibo
Ceylon
Cuddalore
China
Canton
Dantzic •
Days^
Voyage,
110
Porta of
Destination, I
Drontheim . ,
Days'
'■^oyaqe.
100
. no
Delaware Bay
130
120
Denierara .
150
. 150
Dominica
. 180
180
Davis's Straits
240
. 180
Embden
42
120
Elbin-
95
. 120
Klsineur . .
. 100
200
Elba Isle .
130
. 200
240
Essequibo
Faro Islands, North Sea
. 180
100
. 240
Faro IsUuids, Canaries .
. 95
365
Ferrol
80
. 3G5
Fayal
80
400
Fernando Po . .
180
. 420
Falkland Islands
. 240
400
Friendly Islands . .
420
. 80
Gallipoli
. 180
90
Genoa . • •
130
. 100
Gibraltar . •
. 100
100
Goa . .
365
Goree • .
190
100
. 100
Gottenburg . .
Greenland Fishery
100
180
100
Greek Islands and Greece .
180
. 120
Grenada
. 180
95
Guadaloupe . .
180
. 100
Guayaquil
. 420
100
. 130
Guagnpatam . .
Hamburgh . .
400
. 42
130
Heligoland .
42
. 130
Hayti
210
ISO
Halifax .
120
. 210
Havannah .
200
120
Honduras . . .
240
. 120
Hiulson's Bay . •
. 240
210
Hobart Town . .
400
. 180
1 celand . ,
100
100
Ivica , . .
no
. IGO
Italy
. 130
lf)0
Jamaica . . .
210
. 160
Isle of Sable
120
180
Ionian Isles . .
130
. 200
Islands in the Archipelago
180
240
Isles of France and Bourbon
270
. 180
Java
400
180
. 700
Koningsburg . ,
Lisbon
100
80
240
Lubec . . ,
100
. ISO
Leghorn .
130
240
Long Island
130
. 400
La Giuiyra
240
400
La Conception . .
400
. 360
Ladrones
430
400
Lima . . .
400
. 365
Maaistrnom
100
365
Malaga
100
. 400
Madeira
90
420
Memel . . .
100
. 420
Mogadore . . .
120
100
Blajorca . . ,
110
1837-8.]
UNITED KINGDOM.— Warkhousing.
217
List, continued, viz. : —
Purls of
Ves/inalwn, P
Minorca . . .
Days'
oyage.
110
Marseilles .
130
Mussina • . .
130
Montreal . . .
150
Malta
140
Martiuico . . .
180
MariegaUuite . . .
180
Miramiclii •
100
ftJoiitserrat • •
ISO
Marauliam .
ISO
iMonte Video .
'230
Madagascar
270
Mexico. .See Vera Cuiz am
Aquapulca .
Mauritius •
-l.iO
'J 70
Madras
400
Malabar . •
3G5
Malacca . . •
400
Manilla
420
Mangalore . .
363
Blasulipatain . . •
Mocha
400
365
Nantz
80
Newfoundland . .
120
North Bergen
100
Naples . .
130
Narbonuo .
130
Nice
130
Nevis . .
180
Nova Scotia . •
120
New York
120
New Ikunswick .
120
New Port
. 120
New Providence
16.')
NtAV Orleans . •
190
New Guinea . .
400
New South Wales .
. 400
New Zealand
400
Negapatam . .
Oporto . . •
Odessa . •
. 400
80
. 240
Otaheite .
420
Owhyhee . .
. 420
Petersburg • .
.100
Pillau
. 100
Placentia Harbour .
120
Port St. John, Newfoundland
. 120
Flirt au Prince, Ilayti
210
Palermo .
. 130
Pensacola .
I'JO
Philadeli)hia .
Port Rico
. 120
210
Providence, Bahama Islands
. ■ 160
Pernambui'o . .
I'JO
Porto Bello
. 240
Para
185
Panama . ,
. 4-20
Peru
400
Philippine Islands .
. 420
Pondicherry ,
400
Pellew Islands
. 420
Pmts of
Destinalioii.
Quebec . .
Oueeji Ami"s Point
Kochelle
Kevel
Riga
Rugen . .
Rome . •
Rhcxle Island .
River Gandiia • .
Rio Grande .
Rio Janeiro . .
St. Andero •
St. Ubes
Sake • .
Stettin
Stockholm .
St. Antonio 1
St. Jago > Canary Isles
St. Vincent j
St. John's, Newfoundland
St. Mary's
St. Michael's, Azores
St. John, New Brunswick
St. Andrew, Do.
Salerno . .
Sardinian Isle •
Susa . •
Savannah .
Syracuse . •
St. Augustine's Bay
St. Bartholomew
St. Croix . .
St. Christopher's .
St. Domingo .
St. Kustatia . .
St. Lucia .
St. Martin
St. Thomas . .
St. Vincent's . .
Salonica , .
Santa Martha .
St. .Salvador or Bahia
St. .Sebastian . .
Senegal . .
-Sierra Leone . .
Scandaroon .
Syra .
Smyrna , .
St. Helena
Sydney, New South Wales
Sumatra . .
Society Islands .
Swan River
Sincapore .
Suvat , . •
Sandwich Isles
South Sea Fishery, 2, 3, or
4 j'cars
Taiigiers . .
Trinity Bay
Tunis
Days'
f-'iii/dt/e.
150
180
80
100
100
100
130
180
190
200
200
80
80
120
100
100
95
120
95
80
120
120
130
139
120
150
140
150
180
180
180
210
180
180
180
180
180
180
240
200
210
180
180
180
180
180
240
400
400
420
365
365
365
420
3 years.
120
. 120
120
218
UNITED KINGDOM.— Warehousing.
[1837-8.
List, continued,
viz. : —
Ports of
Days'
Ports of
Days^
Destination.
Voyage.
Destination.
Voyage.
Tarragona
. 110
Trincomalee
, ,
380
Tonningeii .
42
Vigo
,
. 80
Toulon
. 130
Valentia .
, .
110
Tripoli
120
Venice
,
. 160
TenerifFe .
. 95
Vera Cruz .
, ,
260
Tortola
180
Venezuela .
,
. 240
Trinidad
. 180
Valdivia
, ,
400
Tobago
180
Valparaiso
.
. 400
Trieste
. 160
Van Diemen's Land «
365
Truxillo
410
Wyburg
.
. 100
Timor
. 420
Zara •
, ,
160
Tellicherry
365
Zea .
,
. 160
Tranquebar
. 400
Zante Isle .
•
160
NoTK. — For places not included in the list, the same allowance to be granted as is •;
ivcn to the
place nearest thereto.
STORES.— Foreign Goods.
A LIST OF FOREIGN GOODS allowed to be shipped as Stores from the
Bonded Warehouses, yVee of duty, as mentioned in p. 207.*
*»* 25 per cent, to be added, as stated below.
Tea, a quarter of an ounce per day, for each person on board.
Ijy C. L., Apvil 25, 1833, it is stated that the lords of the treasury, by Mr. Spring Rice's letter
of the 30th ultimo, have been pleased to permit the removal of tea, duty free, from the East
India Company's warehouses, for the purpose of beinfj re-warehoused and shipped as stores
at any of the warehousing ports of the United Kingdom, under the regulations of the
Board's minute of the 23d of November last.
By T. L., June 9.0, 1833, directions are given for permitting the re-pacUing of tea warehoused
at the OMt-ports (as stores) under the immediate care and superintendence of the proper
officers, and at the risk and expense of the parties interested.
Coffee or Cocoa, one ounce per day for each person on board.
With the option to ship the entire quantity required for the voyage, of either
of these species of articles, half an ounce of tea being considered equal to
one ounce of coffee or cocoa, viz., in such case, three-quarters of an ounce
of tea.
By T. L., May 16, 1834, on roasted coffee allowed to be shipped as stores a drawback al-
lowed, equal in amount to the import duty chargeable on coffee the produce of and imported
from a H. P. in America.
Sega7-s and Tobacco. See British Goods, next page.
Wine, one quart a day, for the master, each mate, and each cabin passenger.
Wine bottled in the bonded warehouses for exportation may be shipped as
stores in jiackages containing not less than three dozen reputed quart, or six
dozen reputed pint liottles.
By C. O., April, 1834, cases containing not less than one dozen reputed quart, or two dozen
reputed jiiiit bottles uf wine, may be in future shipped from the warehouse as stores.
By U. O., Aug. 10, 1831, wine is allowed to be shipped as stores instead of spirits, or a pro-
portion of each, free of duty ; one jjint of the former being deemed equivalent to half a pint
of the latter, the quality of the wine to be left to the discretion of the parties interested in
fitting out the vessels.
By T. O., Feb. 13, 1836, duty paid, wine may be shipped as stores in outward-bound vessels,
in not less than three dozen reputed quart bottles in each case.
Spirits, viz. : —
Brandy, half a pint a day, for each person on board.
Geneva, half a pint a day, for each person on board.
Rum, British plantation, half a pint a day for each person on board.
British plantation rum to be in the proportion of one half of the whole quan-
tity of spirits shipped.
Each description of spirits intended as stores to be shipped in one cask, ca-
pable of containing the entire quantity of brandy or of geneva, or of rum,
• By C. O., Nov. 29, 1832, these articles and quantities are to be allowed to be shipped as
stores, calculated according to the foregoing list, with the addition of 25 per cent, to guard against
the casualties of the voyage.
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Warehousing. 219
Stores, continued, viz. : —
allowed for the voyage, or in casks containing not less than forty gallons of
brandy or geneva, or twenty gallons of British plantation rum, as the case
maybe: Provided, that if spirits shall have been imported in bottles or
bottled in the bonded warehouse for exportation, the same may be sliipped
as stores, in packages containing not less than three dozen reputed quart,
or six dozen reputed pint bottles.
By C. O., Feb. 15, 1834, cases conlahiinp otieilozen bottles of spiiits may in future be shipped
from tlie wareliouse as stores.
In cases where the number of persons on board a vessel may not be sufficient
to authorise the shipment of so larjje a quantity of each description of foreign spi-
rits, under the regulations of the order dated 1st ultimo, as forty gallons, the same
may be allowed to be shipped in a package containing not less than three dozen
reputed quart bottles, or in casks containing ten gallons, when the quantity re-
quired shall not exceed ten gallons, and in casks of twenty gallons when the
quantity shall exceed ten and be under twenty gallons ; and where the quantity
shall be equal to, or exceed forty gallons, the foreign spirits are only to be shipped
in a legal sized package, in conformity with the said order. See p. 123.
Renidval. — In cases of foreign spirits intended as stores, the regulations re(iuiretl by C. O., of
August 5, 1828, to be observed upon the removal of British plantation rum for the purpose
of being shipped as stores be adopted; and the other articles in question are to ho removed
under the regulations of the Warehousing Act, relative to the removal of bonded goods
from one waiehousiug port to another, as far as the same are applicable. -
By C. O., Aug. 15, 1832, on tlio application of certain merchants, requesting permission to
remove bonded spirits from Bristol to ]iorts in the Bristol Channel, for the purpose of being
shipped -for exportation as merchandize, the request is granted so far as regards Newport,
Cardiff, Swansea, and Milford; observing that, previously to the removal, the casks be
filled up to the full content, and tliat the duty be paid upon all deficiencies chargeable under
the Warehousing Act, as well as upon those which may occur on the transit, as ascertained
by the proper officers at Bristol and at the port of shipment respectively, and that when
deemed necessary liy the latter officers, the goods be brought to the quay and landed for that
purpose, and not allowed to be put on board the exporting vessel until such duty is paid.
By C. O., Nov. 23, 1832, permission is given to remove under bond to the ports of Newport,
Cardiff, Swansea, and Milford, such articles as are allowed to be sliipped as stores on board
foreign-bound vessels.
By C. O., Aug. 28, 1833, such articles as are already permitted to be sliipped .as stores on
board foreign-bound vessels may be removed under bond to the ports of Newport, Car-
diff, Swansea, and Milford.
By C. O., August 20, 1836, for small vessels on short voyages, spirits may be drawn oil" into
casks of the contents of ten gallons and upwards, on condition of the same being ware-
housed exclusively for shipment as stores.
Plums.
By C. O., Aug. 15, 1834, Plums, commonly called French Plums and Prunelloes may be
shipped as stores.
Suffar, Ratv, and Hfelasses, together or separate, two ounces a day for each per-
son on board.
Fn/it, Dried, two pounds a week for each person on board.
Rice, two pounds a week for each person on board.
Segars, Foreign, half an ounce a day for the master, each mate, and each cabin
passenger.
The enth'e quantity of foreign segars allowed as stores for each voyage to be
shipped in one package.
East India Goods. — By CO., July 19, 1833, it is stated, that it appearing, as East India goods
are .always allowed to be removed to any of the ports which have been appro\ ed for the
warehousing of goods in general, to be re-warehoused there on condition of the duties
being paid within two years, under the general (uders of 8th June, 1831, and 31st Oct.
1832, there is no objection to East India goods so removed, of the description specified in
the list of foreign goods annexed to the general onler of 28th Nov. 1832, being allowed to be
delivered for exportation as ship stores, under the regulation of the said order, nor to such
East India articles being removed ostensibly for shipment as stores, on the same being
cleared from the warehouse within the limited period.
STORES.— British Goods.
By C. O., Oct. 9th, 1831, the following additional articles are allowed to be shipped as stores
from the bonded warehouses, free of duty: —
British Refined Sugar, three ounces per diem for the master, each mate, and
each passenger.
Sugar Rejined and Treacle in bond allowed to be shipped as stores under the
regulations applicable to foreign goods, [T. O., Dec. 27, 1833.]
220 UNITED KINGDOM.-Warehousing. [1837-8.
Stores, continued, viz. : —
liy C. O., May 1, 1834, bastard sugar refined in bond may be shipped as stores, in the same
proportion as is now i>cimitted undi-r tlic existing regulations to ship raw or unrefined
sugar.
IJritisk Manufactured TuLacco, or Foreign Sfffarg, half an ounce jior man per
(lay, to be taken separately or together, at the option of the parties.
The segars to be shipped from the bonded warehouses free of duty, and the
other articles upon the usual bounty or drawback.
Tuhacvo.—'iiy (I O., Feb. 5, 1833, the masteis of Soutli Sea Whalers may liave the option of
shipping from the bondiug warehouses, as stores, either half an ounce of unmanufactured
or negro-head tobacco per day, per man, or half an ounce of Uritish manufactured tobacco
per day, per man.
By C. O., July 19, 1833, the general order of the 5th Feb. last, allowing the masters of South
Sea AVhalers the option of shipjiing from the bonded warehouses, as stores, either half au
ounce of unmanuractured or negro-head tobacco per day, per man, or half au ouncn of
Uritish manufactured tobacco per day, per man, as allowed by the minute of 23d Nov. 1832,
is extended to the masters of vessels engaged in foreign voynges generally.
By T. C)., Sept. 6, 1833, unconsumed stocks of tobacco injured by the voyage may be delivered
for re-manufacture, upon a bond being entered into by the parties to return the tobacco
into the warehouse within a limited period for subsequent re-shipment as stores.
By T. I.., Jan. Kith, 1837, the regulation requiring manufactured tobacco intended to be
shipped as stores on board outward-bound vessels to be packed in the presence of an ex-
cise ofTicer is dispensed with, and such tobacco intended to be shipped as stores may
be removed from the manufacturer's premises into the custody of the officers of customs,
with an excise permit only.
British Exciseahle Goods, viz., Beer, Ale, and Porter, (together or separate,) one
(piart per diem for the master, each mate, and each passenger.
Finegar, half a pint per man, per week.
By C. O., June 3, 1834, vinegar, tlie produce of Guernsey and Jersey, allowed to be shipped
for stores direct from the warcfwuscsfrcc ofduhj, in the same manner as other bonded goods
are now permitted to be oxi)orted for that purjiose.
Soap, half an ounce per man, per day.
«H>
PART THE EIGHTH.
UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN
AND IRE L A N D.
ALIENS.
Former Act. — The Act ' Will. IV., c. .'54, for the registration of aliens
rej^ealed. fi and 7 Will. IV., c. 11. May 19, 183fi.
Declaration of Masters of Vessels arriring from Foreign Parts. —
The master of every vessel which shall arrive in this realm from foreign
parts shall immetliately on his arrival declare in writing to the chief
officer of customs at the port of arrival whether there is, to the hest of his
knowledge, any alien on board his vessel, and whether any alien hath, to
his knowledge, landed thtn-efrom at any place within this realm, and
shall in his said declaration specify the number of aliens (if any) on
board his vessel, or who have, to his knowledge, landed therefrom, and
their names, rank, occupation, and description, as far as he shall be in-
formed thereof; and if the master of any such vessel shall refuse or neg-
lect to make such declaration, or shall wilfully make a false declaration,
he shall for every such offence forfeit 20/., and the further sum of 10/.
for each alien who shall have been on board at the time of the arrival of
such vessel, or who shall have, to his knowledge, landed therefrom with-
in this realm, whom such master shall wilfully have refused or neglected
to declare : and in case such master neglect or refuse forthwith to pay
such penalty, it shall be lawful for any oflicer of customs, and he is here-
by required, to detain such vessel until the same be paid : Provided al-
ways, that nothing hereinbefore contained shall extend to any mariner
actually employed in the navigation of such vessel during the time that
such mariner shall remain so actually employed. )|) 2.
Declaration of Alien on arrival from Abroad. Passpart. — Every
alien who shall arrive in any part of the United Kingdom from foreign
parts shall immediately after such arrival present and show to the chief
officer of customs at the port of debarkation, for his inspection, any pass-
port which may be in his or her possession, and declare in writing to such
chief olficer, or verbally make to him a declaration, to be by him reduced
into writing, of the day and place of his or her landing, and of his or her
name, and shall also declare to what country he or she belongs and is
subject, and the country and place from whence he or she shall then have
come : which declaration shall be made in or reduced into such form as
shall be approved by one of His Majesty's principal Secretaries of State ;
and if any such alien coming into this realm neglect or refuse to present
and show any passport which may be in his or her possession, or if he or
she shall neglecit or refuse to make such declaration, ho or she shall for-
feit 10/. §,3.
Officer of Customs to register declaration, and deliver certificate to
Alien. — The officer of customs to whom such passport shall be shown
and declaration made shall immediately register such decilaration in a
book to be kept by him for that purpose (in which book certificates shall
222 UNITED KINGDOM.— Aliens. [1837-8.
be printed in blank, and counterparts thereof, in such form as shall be
approved by one of His Majesty's principal Secretaries of State), and
shall insert therein the several particulars by this Act required in pi'oper
columns, in both parts thereof, and shall deliver one part thereof to the
alien who shall have made such declaration. § 4.
Officer of Customs to transmit declaration, 8fc. — The chief officer of
customs in every port shall within two days transmit a true copy of the
declaration of every master of a vessel, and a true copy of every such cer-
tificate, if in Great Britain, to one of His Majesty's principal Secretaries
of State, and if such alien shall have arrived from any foreign country
in Ireland he shall transmit a true copy of such declaration and of such
certificate to the chief Secretary for Ireland. § 5.
Certificate of Alien departing the Realm. — Any alien about to depart
from this realm shall before his or her embarkation deliver any certificate
which he or she shall have received under the provisions of this Act to
the chief officer of customs at the port of departure, who shall insert
therein that such alien hath departed this realm, and shall forthwith
transmit the same to one of His Majesty's principal Secretaries of State,
or to the chief Secretary for Ireland, as the case may be, in like manner
as hereinbefore is directed in respect to the certificate given to an alien
on his or her arrival in this realm. ^S 6.
Certificates lost. — If any certificate issued to any alien by virtue of
this Act shall be lost, mislaid, or destroyed, and such alien shall produce
to one of His Majesty's Justices of the Peace proof thereof, and shall
make it appear to the satisfaction of such Justice that he or she hath
duly conformed with this Act, it shall be lawful for such Justice, and he
is hereby required to testify the same under his hand, and such alien
shall thereupon be entitled to receive from one of His Majesty's princi-
pal Secretaries of State, or from the chief Secretary for Ireland, as the
case may be, a fresh certificate, which shall be of the like force and eflfect
as the certificate so lost, mislaid, or destroyed. ^S 7.
Certificate without Pee. — All certificates hereinbefore required to be
given shall be given without fee pr reward whatsoever; and every person
who shall take any fee or reward of any alien or other person, for any
certificate, or any thing done under this Act, shall forfeit for every such
oftence 20/. ; and every officer of the customs who shall refuse or neglect
to make such entry or grant any certificate thereon, in pursuance of this
Act, or shall knowingly make any false entry, or neglect to transmit the
copy thereof, or to transmit any declaration of the master of a vessel, or
any declaration of departure, in manner dii'ected by this Act, shall for-
feit for every such oftence 20/.
Forging. — If any person shall wilfully make or transmit any false de-
claration, or shall wilfully forge, counterfeit, or alter, any declaration or
certificate hereby directed, or shall obtain any such certificate under any
other name or description than the true name and description of the
alien intended to be named and described, without disclosing to the per-
son granting such certificate the true name and description of such alien,
or shall falsely pretend to be the person intended to be named and de-
scribed in any such certificate, every person sooffeading shall, upon con-
viction thereof before two Justices, either forfeit any sum not exceeding
100/., or be imprisoned for any time not exceeding three calendar months,
at the discretion of such Justices. § 9.
Proseciitions. — All offences against this Act shall be prosecuted within
.six calendar months after the offence committed ; and all such offences
shall be prosecuted before two or more Justices of the Peace of the place
where the offence shall be committed, who are required, in default of
payment of any pecuniary penalty, to commit the offender to the com-
mon gaol fur any time not exceeding one calendar month, unless the pe-
nalty shall be sooner paid, where such penalty shall not exceed 20/., and
1837-8.] UNITED KINGDOM.— Aliens. 223
forthwith to report to one of His Majesty's principal Secretaries of State, or
to the chief Secretary for Irekind, as the case may require, the conviction
of every offender under this Act, and the punishment to which he is ad-
judged ; and no writ of certiorari or of advocation or suspension shall be
allowed to remove the proceedings of any Justices touchiu<j; the cases
aforesaid, or to supersede or suspend execution or other proceeding there-
upon. ^10.
Exemptions. Proof as to Alien. — Nothing in this Act shall affect
any foreign ambassador or other public minister duly authorised, nor any
domestic servant of any such foreign ambassador or public minister, re-
gistered as such according to law, or being actually attendant upon such
ambassador or minister ; nor any alien who shall have been continually
residing within this realm for three years next before the passing of this
Act, or who shall hereafter at any time complete such residence of three
years, and who shall have obtained from one of His Majesty's principal
Secretaries of State, or from the chief Secretary for Ireland, a certificate
thereof; nor any alien, in respect of any Act done or omitted to oe done,
who shall be under the age of 14 years at the time when such Act was so
done or omitted to be done : Provided always, that if any question shall
arise whether any person alleged to be an alien, and to be subject to the
provisions of this Act, is an alien or not, or is or is not subject to the said
provisions, the proof that such person is, or by law is to be deemed to be,
a natural-born subject of His Majesty, or a denizen of this kingdom, or
a naturalized subject, or that such person, if an alien, is not subject to
the provisions of this Act or any of them, by reason of any exceptiun in
this Act or otherwise, shall lie on the person so alleged to be an alien and
to be subject to the provisions of this Act.
Commencement. — This Act to commence from 1st July, 1836.
AGENTS, BROKERS, AND FACTORS.
Who may act as Agents in London. — It shall not be lawful for any
person to act as an agent for transacting business at the Custom House
in the port of London which shall relate to the entry or clearance of any
ship, or of any goods, or of any baggage, unless authorised so to do by
license of the commissioners of customs, who are to require bond to be
given by every person to whom such license shall be granted, with one
suflicient surety in the sum of 1000/., for the faithful and incorrupt
conduct of such person and of his clerks acting for him : Provided, that
such bond sball not be required of any person who shall be one of the
sworn brokers of the city of London ; and if any person shall act as such
agent, not being so licensed, or if any person shall be in partnership in
such agency with any person not so licensed, such person shall, in either
case, for every such offence, forfeit 100/. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52. § 144.
How Treasury may revoke License. — It shall be lawful for the com-
missioners of His Majesty's treasury, by an order under their hands, to
revoke any such license, and after a copy of such aider shall have been
delivered to such person or to his clerk, or left at his usual place of abode
or business, such license shall be void. ^ 145.
Exemptions. — Nothing herein shall extend to prevent the clerk or
servant of any person, or of any persons in co-partnership, from trans-
acting any business at the Custom-house on account of such person,
without such license ; provided such clerk or servant shall not transact
any such business as clerk, servant, or agent to any other person, ^^ 140.
How Agent may ajypoint Clerk. — It shall be lawful for any such
agent in co-partnership to appoint any person without license to be his
clerk in transacting such agency: provided that no person shall be
admitted to be such clerk to mor% than one agent or co-partnership of
agents, nor until his name and residence, and the date of his appoint-
224 UNITED KINGDOM.— Holidays, &c. [1837-8.
mont, shall have hcon indm'scfl on the license of every such ap:ent, and
signed by him, and witnessed by the si<i;nature of the collector and
comptroller of the customs, unless such person shall have been ap-
pointed with consent of the commissioners of customs before the com-
mencement of this act. §147.
How Treasury may extend Rpgulalions to other Ports. — It shall be
lawful for the commissioners of His Majesty's treasury, by their warrant,
to be published in the London or Dublin Gazette, to extend the regula-
tions hereinbefore made, relatin<; to agents in the port of London, to
agents at any other port in Great Britain, or at any port in Ireland. § 148.
HOLIDAYS,
Customs. — No day shall be kept as a public holiday by the Customs
except Christmas Day and Good Friday in every year, and any days
appointed by His Majesty's proclamation for the purpose of a general
fast or of a general thanksgiving, and also, so far as regards Scotland,
any days appointed for such purposes by authority of the General
Assembly, and also sucli days as shall have been appointed for the cele-
bration of the birthdays of their Majesties and of their successors, and
such days as shall be kept as public holidays by the officers and servants
of the dock companies in the United Kingdom. 3 and 4 Will. IV.,
c. fjl, s^ 13.
Excise. — No holidays whatever siiall be kept at any office of excise,
except Christmas Day and Good Friday in every year, and any days
which are or shall be appointed by His Majesty's proclamation for the
purpose of a general fast or thanksgiving, the anniversaries of the resto-
ration of His Majesty King Charles the Second, and of the coronation of
His Majesty, and the birthdays of their Majesties and of the Prince of
Wales, and their respective successors ; and also such days as are or
shall be appointed by any warrant issued for that purpose by the lords of
the treasury. 7 and 8 Geo. IV., c. 53, § IG.
RETURN OF DUTY.
Time for Return of Duty Overpaid. — Although any duty of customs
shall have been overpaid, or although after any duty of customs shall
have been charged and paid it shall appear or be judicially established
that the same had been charged under an erroneous construction of the
law, it shall not be lawful to return any such overcharge after the expi-
ration of three years from the date of such payment. 3 and 4 Will. IV.,
c. 52, § 126.
SAMPLES.
It shall be lawful for the officers of customs to take such samples of
any goods as shall be necessary for ascertaining the amount of any
duties payable on the same ; and all such samples shall be disposed of
and accounted for in such manner as the commissioners of customs shall
direct. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 52, § 124.
As to Samples of specific articles, see under the names of those arti-
cles on Imports.
As to Samples under the Warehousing Act, see Warehousing,
p.214.
CONSULS' FEES.
Table of Fees allowed to be taken by Consuls General and Consuls, by
the Act of 6 Geo. IV., c. 87.
Tablk a.
Certificate of due landing of goods exported from tlie United
Kingdom . . . . . .2 dollars.
Signature of ship's manifest . . . .2 dollars.
Certificate of origin, when required . . ^2 dollars.
1837-8.]
UNITED KINGDOM.— Consuls' Fees.
225
CoNSTTLs' Fees, continued, viz. : —
Bill of Health, when required . . . .2 dollars.
Signature of muster-roll, when required . . .2 dollars.
Attestation of a signature, when required . . .1 dollar.
Administering an oath, when required . . . ^ dollar.
Seal of oflice, and signature of any other document not spe-
cified herein, when required . . . .1 dollar.
Table B.
Bottomry or arbitration bond ....
Noting a protest .....
Order of survey ....••
Extending a protest or survey ....
Registrations ......
Visa of passport ......
Valuation of goods .....
Attending sales, h per cent, where there has been a charge
for valuing ; otherwise 1 per cent.
Attendance out of Consular Office at a shipwreck, 5 dollars
per diem for his personal expenses, over and above his tra-
velling expenses.
Ditto on opening a will . . . . -5 dollars.
Management of property of British subjects dying intestate. 2^^ per cent.
The dollars mentioned in the above tables are in all cases to be paid
by the delivery of dollars, each of which is to be of the value of 4s. 6d.
sterling, and no more, according to the rate of exchange prevailing at tlie
place where such payment is made.
2 dollars.
1 dollar.
2 dollars.
1 dollar,
1 dollar,
i dollar.
1 per cent.
PART THE NINTH.
EUROPE.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS.
As to the T/nportation into the United Kingdom, of goods the produce of
Asia, Africa, or America, from Ewope, see p. 2,
Hoiv the King may regulate Trade of Colonies. — It shall be lawful
for His Majesty, by and with the advice of his Privy Council, by any
orders in council to be issued from time to time, to give such directions
and make such regvilations touching the trade and commerce to and
from any B. P. on or near the continent of Europe, or within the Medi-
terranean Sea, or in Africa, or within the limits of the East India Com-
pany's charter (excepting the possessions of the said company), as to
His Majesty in council shall appear most expedient and salutary, any
thing in this act to the contrary notwithstanding ; and if any goods be
imported or exported in any manner contrary to such order of His
Majesty in council, the same shall be forfeited, together with the ship
importing and exporting the same, 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 59, ij 81.
Segars. — By T. L., Oct. 1, 1835, segais may be imported into the Channel Islands in packages
containing 100 lb. each.
ISLE OF MAN.
As to Ships in which Goods may be imported and exported, see p. 2.
Principal Ports. — Douglas, Peel, Ramsey.
Import duties. — There shall be paid unto His Majesty the several
duties of customs as the same arc respectively set forth herein, upon
importation into the Isle of Man of the several goods, according to the
quantity or value thereof (3 and 4 Will. IV., c, 60). viz, :
A Table of the Duties of Customs payable on Goods Imported into
the Isle of Man.
£ s. d.
Coals from the United Kingdom .... Free.
Coffee, the duties of consumption in the United Kingdom
not having been paid thereon, lb. . . .004
Corn. It shall not be lawful to import into the Isle of Man any foreign
corn, grain, meal, or Hour, except upon payment of the same duties as
are payable on the importation into the United Kingdom of corn,
grain, meal, or Hour. 5 and 6 Will. IV., c. 13, ^S 1. (July 3, 1835.)
Certificate of Average Prices. — The certificate of the aggregate average prices
of corn shall be transmitted to the collector or other chief officer of customs
at the port of Douglas, in the Isle of Man ; and the duties payable in the
Isle of Man shall be ascertained from time to time by the prices s-et forth in
such certificate, in like manner as the same are ascertained in the United
Kingdom. § 2,
Hemp, cwt. , . . . . .001
Hops, from the United Kingdom, lb. . . . 0 0 IJ
Iron, from foreign parts, 100/, value . . . 10 0 0
1837-8.] EUROPE.— Isle OF Man. 227
Spirits, viz. : —
Foreif^n Spirits, gal. . . . .046
Rum of the British Plantations, not exceeding the
strength of proof by Sikes's hydrometer, and so in propor-
tion for any greater strength, gal.
Sugar, Muscovado, cwt. . . . •
Tea, Bohea, lb. .....
Green, lb. .....
Tobacco, lb. ..... •
Wine, French, tun of 252 gals. ....
any other sort, tun of 252 gals.
Wood, from Foreign Parts, viz. : —
Deal Boards, 100,?. val. ....
Timber, 1 00/. val. .....
Goods, imported from the United Kingdom, and entitled to
any bounty or drawback of excise on exportation from
thence, and not hereinbefore enumerated, or charged with
duty, 100/. val. . . . . .500
imported from the United Kingdom, and not herein-
before charged with duly, 100/. val. . . . 2 10 0
imported from any place from whence such goods
0
3
0
0
I
0
0
0
G
0
1
0
0
1
6
16
0
0
12
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
0
may be lawfully imported into the Isle of Man, and not
hereinbefore charged with duty, 100/. val. . . 15 0 0
EXEMPTIONS.
Except the several goods following, and which are to be imported into
the Isle of Man Duty Free (that is to say) : —
Certain Goods in any Ship from any Place. — Flax, flax seed, raw
or brown linen yarn, wood ashes, weed ashes, flesh of all sorts ; also
corn, grain, or meal of all sorts, when importable ; any of which goods
may be imported into the said Isle from any place in any ship.
British Goods. — Any sort of white or brown linen cloth, hemp,
hemp seed, horses, black cattle, sheep, all utensils and instruments
fit and necessary to be employed in manufactures, in fisheries, or in
agriculture. Bricks, tiles, all sorts of young trees, sea shells, lime,
soapers' waste, packthread, small cordage for nets, salt, boards, timber,
wood hoops, being the growth, production, or manufacture of the United
Kingdom, and imported from thence in British ships.
British Colonial Goods. — Iron in rods or bars, cotton, indigo, naval
stores, and any sort of wood commonly called lumber, (viz. deals of all
sorts, timber, balks of all sizes, barrel boards, clap boards, pipe boards, or
pipe hold, white boards for shoemakers, broom and cant spars, bow
staves, capravan, clap holt, ebony wood, headings for pipes and for hogs-
heads and for barrels, hoops for coopers, oars, pipe and hogshead staves,
barrel staves, firkin staves, trunnels, speckled wood, sweet wood, small
spars, oak plank, and wainscot,) being of the growth, production, or
manufacture of any British colony or plantation in America or the West
Indies, and imported from the United Kingdom in British ships.
British Goods to appear upon Cockets. — No goods shall be entered in
the Isle of Man as being the growth, produce, or manufactui'e of the
United Kingdom, or as being imported thence, except such goods as
shall appear upon the cockets of the ship importing the same to have
been duly cleared at some port in the United Kingdom, to be exported
to the said Isle. § 3.
Goods Impo7'table only under License. — The several sorts of goods
enumerated in the schedule hereinafter contained shall not be imported
into the Isle of Man, nor exported from any place to be carried to the
Isle of Man, without the license of the commissioners of customs first
Q2
228 EUROPE.— Isle OF Max. [1837-8.
obtained, nor in greater quantities in the wliolo, in any one year, than
the respective quantities of such goods specified in the schedule ; and
such goods shall not be so exported nor so imported, except from the
respective places set forth in the said schedule, and according to the
rules subjoined thereto ; viz. : —
SCHEDULE OF LICENSE GOODS.
Wine, 1 1 0 tuns.
Spirits, viz.: —
■ Foreign Brandy, 10,000 gallons.
Foreign Geneva, 10,000 gallons.
From the United Kingdom, or from any place from which the
same might be imported into the United Kingdom for con-
sumption therein.
Rum of the B. P., 60,000 gallons.
Fxpm Great Britain.
Bohea Tea, 70,000 lb.
Green Tea, 5,000 lb.
Coffee, (unless the duties of consumption in the United Kingdom shall
have been paid thereon,) 8,000 lb.
Tobacco, 60,000 lb.
Muscovado Sugar, of B. P., 10,000 cwt.
Playing Cards, 4,000 packs.
From England.
Refined Sugar, 800 cwt.
From the Port of Liverpool.
And such additional quantities of any such several sorts of goods as
the commissioners of His Majesty's treasury shall from time to time,
under any special circumstances of necessity, direct, from such sorts
respectively ; subject to the following
Rules, viz. : —
Subject to certain Rules. — 1. All such goods to be imported into the
port of Douglas, and by His Majesty's subjects, and in British ships of
the burthen of fifty tons or upwards :
Tobacco. — 2. Such tobacco to be shipped only in ports in England
where tobacco is allowed to be impoi'ted and warehoused without pay-
ment of duty :
Wine. — 3. Such wine to be so imported only in casks or packages con-
taining not less than a hogshead each, or in cases containing not less
than three dozen reputed quart bottles or six dozen reputed pint bottles
each :
Spirits. — 4. Such brandy and geneva to be imported only in casks
containing one hundred gallons each, at least :
'Strength of Sjnrits. — 5. Such brandy and geneva not to be of greater
or higher degree of strength than that of one to nine over hydrometer
proof :
Warehouse Goods. — 6. Such goods, when exported from Great Britain,
may be so exported from the warehouse in which they may have been
secured without payment of duty :
Drawbacks. — 7. If the duties of importation have been paid in the
United Kingdom on such goods, a full drawback of such duties shall be
allowed on the exportation :
Sugar Bounty. — 8. Upon the exportation from Liverpool of such
refined sugar, the same bounty shall be allowed as would be allowable on
exportation to foreign parts :
Export Bond in United Kingdom. — 9. Upon exportation from the
United Kingdom of any such goods from the warehouse, or for draw-
back, or for bounty, so much of the form of the bond, or of the declara-
tion, or of any other document required in the ca?e of exportation of
1837-8] EUROPE.— Isle OF Man. 229
such goods fi;cncrally to forci;xn parts as is inteniled to prevent the hiiid-
injf of the same in the Isle of Man sliall be onuttod:
Certificate of Landing. — 10. No drawback or bounty to bo allowed,
nor export bond cancelled, until a certificate of the due lan<lin<:; of the
goods at the port of Douglas be produced from the collector and comp-
troller of the customs at that port :
Goods laden in Foreign Ports. — 11. If any goods be laden at any
foreign place, the species and quantity of such goods, with the marks,
numbers, and denomination of the packages containing the same, shall
be indorsed on the license, and signed by the British consul at the port
of ladhig; or if there be no British consul, by two known British mer-
chants :
License to he delivered up. — 12. Upon importation into the port of
Douglas of any such goods, the license for the same shall be delivered
up to the collector or comptroller of that port. ^^ 4.
Export and carri/ing Coastwise of License Goods. Wine. — It shall
not be lawful to re-export from the Isle of Man any goods which have
been imported into the said Isle with license of the commissioners of
customs as aforesaid ; and it shall not be lawful to carry any such goods
coastwise from one part of the said Isle to another, except in vessels of
fifty tons burthen at the least, and in the same packages in which such
goods were imported into the said Isle : and it shall not be lawful to re-
move any wine from one part of the said Isle to another, by and excejit
in such packages or in bottles. ^ 1 0.
Export of Foreign Goods to United Kingdom. — It shall not bo lawful
to export from the Isle of Man to any part of the United Kingdom any
goods which are the growth, produce, or manufacture of any foreign
country. § 11.
Goods Imported or Exi)orted, c^c, contrary to Law. — If any goods be
imported into or exported from the Isle of Man, or carried coastwise from
one part of the said Isle to another part of the same, or shall be water-
borne, or brought to any wharf or other place with intent to be water-
borne to be so exported or carried, or shall be removed by land within
the said Isle, contrary to any of the directions of this Act, the same and
the packages containing the same shall be forfeited, together with all
ships or boats, and all cattle and carriages used or employed therein ;
and every person offending therein shall forfeit for every such offence
100/., or the full amount of all duties which would be payable in respect
of such or similar goods for home consumption of the same in the United
Kingdom, at the election of the commissioners of customs. § 12.
Goods prohibited to be Imported. — The several sorts of goods enume-
rated in the schedule hereinafter contained, denominated " Schedule of
Prohibitions," shall not be imported into the Isle of Man, viz. : —
SCHEDULE OF PROHIBITIONS.
Goods the produce or manufacture of places within the limits of the
East India Company's charter; except from the United King-
dom :
Cotton yarn, cotton cloth, linen cloth, glass manufactures, woollen
manufactures, unless bona fide laden in and imported directly from
the United Kingdom :
Spirits of greater strength than one to nine over hydrometer proof,
except spirits the produce of the British possessions in America, or
of the Cape of Good Hope :
British distilled spirits.
All goods prohibited to be imported into the United Kingdom to be
used or consumed therein, on account of the sort or description of
the same, s^ 13.
Limiting quantity of Spirits, Tea, and Tobacco for use of Seamen in
230 EUROPE.— Isle of Man. [1837-8.
Decked Vessels. In open Boats. — And whereas it is expedient that the
quantities of spirits, and tobacco, and tea allowed to be exported in
decked vessels or open boats respectively, bound from the Isle of Man to
Great Britain or Ireland, for the use of the seamen then belonging to
and on board such decked vessels or open boats, should be limited : If
any decked vessel bound from the Isle of Man to any port of Great
Britain or Ireland shall have on board for the use of the seamen any
spirits exceeding the quantity of half a gallon for each seaman, or any
tobacco exceeding 1 lb. for each seaman, or any tea exceeding 2 lb. for
the whole of the seamen on board such vessel, or if any open boat, bound
from the Isle of Man to any port of Great Britain or Ireland shall have
on board for the use of the seamen any spirits exceeding one quart for
each seaman, or any tobacco exceeding l^lb. for each seaman, or any tea
exceeding 1 lb. weight for the whole of the seamen on board such boat,
all such foreign spirits, tobacco, and tea respectively, together with the
packages containing the same, and also evei-y such vessel or boat, toge-
ther with all the guns, furniture, ammunition, tackle, and apparel
thereof, shall be forfeited. § 14.
Certificate for Goods the Produce of the Isle of Man. — Before any
goods shall be shipped in the Isle of Man for exportation to the United
Kingdom, as being the produce or manufacture of that island, proof
shall be made by the written declaration of some competent person, to
the satisfaction of the collector and comptroller of customs at the port of
shipment, that such goods, describing and identifying the same, are the
produce or the manufacture, as the case may be, of the said island, and
in such declaration shall be stated the name of the person by whom such
goods are intended to be entered and shipped : any such person at the
time of entry (not being more than one month after the date of such
declaration) shall make and subscribe a declaration before such collector
or comptroller that the goods to be shipped in virtue of the entry are the
same as are mentioned in such declaration ; and thereupon the collector
and comptroller shall, on demand, give to the master of the ship in
which the goods are to be exported a certificate of such proof of produce
or of manufacture having been made in respect of such goods, describing
the same, and setting forth the name of the exporter and of the exporting
ship, and of the master thereof, and the destination of the goods : and
such certificate shall be received at the port of importation in the United
Kingdom, instead of the certificate of the governor, lieutenant-governor,
or commander-in-chief of the said island, heretofore required. (J 15.
Certificate of Landing. — No drawback or bounty shall be allowed for
any goods exported from the United Kingdom to the Isle of Man until
a certificate shall be produced from the collector and comptroller of the
customs of the Isle of Man of the due landing of such goods. 3 & 4
W. IV., c. 52, § 92.
GUERNSEY, JERSEY, &c.
As to the Ships in which Goods may be imported and exported, see
p. 3.
Tonnage of Ships, and Size of Packages for Spirits, Tobacco, and
Snuff. — No brandy, geneva, or other spirits (except rum of the British
Plantations) shall be imported into' or exported from the islands of
Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, or Sark, or either of them, or removed
from any one to any other of the said islands, or coastwise from any one
part to any other part oi' either of the said islands, or shall be shipped in
order to be so removed or carried, or shall be waterborne for the purpose
of being so shipped, in any ship or boat of less burthen than 100 tons
(except when imported from the United Kingdom in ships of the burthen
of 70 tons at least), nor in any package of less size or content than forty
1837-8.] EUROPE.— GuKRNSKY, Jersey, &c. 231
gallons (except when in bottles*, and carried in a square-rigged ship),
nor any tobacco or snuff in any ship or bout of loss burthen than 100
tons (except when imported from the United Kingdom in ships of the
burthen of 70 tons at least), nor in any package containing less than
450 Ib.i- (except any such spirits or loose tobacco as shall bo for the use
of the seamen belonging to and on board any such ship or boat, not ex-
ceeding two gallons of the former and 5 lb. of the latter for each seaman,
and also except such manufactured tobacco or snuff as shall have been
duly exported as merchandise from Great Britain or Ireland), on pain of
forfeiture of all such foreign brandy, geneva, or other spirits, tobacco, or
snuff, together with the packages containing the same, and also of every
such ship, vessel, or boat, together with all the guns, furniture, and
ammunition, tackle, and apparel thereof, rj & 4 W. IV., c. 59, § 88,
Vessels of Ten Tons suppli/in<^ Sark. — Nothing herein shall extend
to subject to forfeiture or seizure, under any of the provisions of tbis
act, any boat not exceeding the burthen of ten tons for having on board
at any one time any foreign spirits of the quantity of ten gallons or
under, in packages of less size or content than forty gallons, or any
tobacco, snuff, or tea, not exceeding 501b. weight of each, for the supply
of the said island of Sark, such boat having a license from the proper
officer of customs at either of the islands of Guernsey or Jersey for the
purpose of being employed in carrying commodities for the supply of the
said island of Sark, which license such officer of customs is hereby
required to grant without taking any fee or reward for the same: Pro-
vided always, that every such boat having on board at any one time any
greater quantity of spirits than ten gallons, or any greater quantity of
tobacco or snuff than 50 lb. of each of the said articles, unless such greater
quantity of spirits, tobacco, or snuff shall be in casks or packages of the
size, content, or weight hereinbefore required, or having on board at any
one time any greater quantity of tea than 50 lb., shall be forfeited. § 89.
Perso?is found on board Vessels liable to forfeiture. — Every person
who shall be found or discovered to have been on board any vessel or
boat liable to forfeiture under any act relating to the revenue of customs
for being found within one league of the islands of Guernsey, Jersey,
Alderney, or Sark, having on board or in any manner attached or affixed
thereto, or conveying or having conveyed in any manner such goods or
other things as subject such vessel or boat to forfeiture, or who sbali be
found or discovered to have been on board any vessel or boat from which
any part of the cargo shall have been thrown overboard during chase, or
staved or destroyed, shall forfeit 100/. § 90.
Goods Duty Free, with exceptions. Countervailing Duty. — It shall
be lawful to import into the United Kingdom any goods of the produce or
manufacture of the islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, or Man,
from the said islands respectively, without payment of any duty (except
in the cases hereinafter mentioned) ; and that such goods shall not be
deemed to be included in any charge of duties imposed by any act here-
after to be made on the importation of goods generally from parts beyond
the seas : Provided always, that such goods may nevertheless he charged
with any proportion of such duties as shall fairly countervail any duties
* By C. O., Dec. 6, 1833, the importation of bottled spirits from Guernsey into this country,
in such of the regular traders as are of seventy tons burthen and upwards, whcllier scjuare-
rigged or not, allowed.
By 4 and 5 WiU. IV., c. 89, § 22, it shall be lawful to import into the islands of Jersey, Guern-
sey, Alderney, or Sark, brandy, geneva, or other spirits, and tobacco, from foreign parts, in
paclvages retpiired l)y law, in sliips of the burthen of seventy tons at least, and to export the
like goods from the said islands in ships of the like tonnage.
■)■ By 6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 61, § 14, this restriction sliall not extend to any segars in packages
of not less than 1001b.
By T. L., Oct. 29, 183G, tobacco and snull" may be imported into and exported from the islands
of Guernsey and Jersey in packages containing 300 lb. each.
232 EUROPE.— Guernsey, Jersey, Sec. [1837-8.
of excise oi- any coast duty payable on the like goods, the produce of the
part of the United Kingdom into which they shall be imported* : Pro-
vided also, that such exemption from duty shall not extend to any manu-
factures of the said islands made from materials the produce of any
foreign country, except manufactures of linen or cotton made in and im-
ported from the Isle of Man. 3 & 4 W. IV., c. 52, § 40.
Certificate of Produce. — Before any goods shall be entered as being
the produce of the said islands (if any benefit attach to such distinction),
the master of the ship or vessel importing the same shall deliver to the
collector or comptroller a certificate from the governor, lieutenant-go-
vernor, or commander-in-chief of the island fi'om whence such goods
were imported that proof had been made, in manner required by law,
that such goods were of the produce of such island, stating the quantity
and quality of the goods and the number and denomination of the pack-
ages containing the same ; and such master shall also make and sub-
scribe a declaration before the collector or comptroller that such certificate
was received by him at the place where such goods were taken on board,
and that the goods so imported are the same as are mentioned therein.
Ml-
Produce of Colonial Fisheries. — It shall be lawful for the lords com-
missioners of His Majesty's treasury, when and so long as they shall
think fit, to permit any goods the produce of the British Possessions or
fisheries in North America, which shall have been legally imported into
the islands of Guernsey or Jersey direct from such Possessions, to be im-
ported into the United Kingdom for home use direct from those islands,
under such regulations as the said commissioners shall direct, any thing
in the law of navigation to the contrary notwithstanding. § 42.
Vessels ipith Stotie, <^c., not to be piloted. — No vessel arriving on the
coast of England from Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, or Man, wholly
laden with stone the production thereof, shall be liable to be conducted
or piloted by pilots appointed and licensed by the corporation of the Tri-
nity House of Deptford Strond, any law, custom, or visage to the contrary
notwithstanding. § 43.
How Tea may be imported. — It shall be lawful to import any tea into
the islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, or Sark, from the Cape of
Good Hope and places eastward of the same to the Straits of Magellan,
or from the United Kingdom, and not from any other place, in such and
the like manner as if the same were set forth in an act passed in the pre-
sent session of parliament to regulate the trade of the British Possessions
abroad. 3 & 4 W. IV., c. 10] ,
Certificate of Production of Goods. — It shall be lawful for any person
who is about to export from any of the islands of Guernsey, Jersey, Al-
derney, or Sark, to the United Kingdom, or to any of the British Pos-
sessions in America, any goods of the growth or produce of any of those
islands, or any goods manufactured from materials which were the
growth or produce thereof, or of the United Kingdom, to go before any
magistrate of the island from which the goods are to be exported, and
make and sign before him a declaration that such goods, describing the
same, are of such growth or produce, or of such manufacture, and such
magistrate shall administer and sign such declaration ; and thereupon
the governor, lieutenant-governor, or commander-in-chief of the island
from which the goods are to be exported shall, upon the delivery to him
of such declaration, grant a certificate under his hand of the proof con-
tained in such declaration, stating the ship in which and the port to
which, in the United Kingdom or in any such Possession, the goods are
to be exported ; and such certificate shall be the proper document to be
produced at such ports respectively in proof that the goods mentioned
* On siiiiils, the excise dutj on Biitish spiiits of 7s. 6d, the {jallou is charged.
1837-8.] EUROPE.— Guernsey, Jersey, &c. 233
therein are of the growth, produce, or manufacture of such islands re-
spectively. 3 & 4 Will. IV., c. 5U, s^ 8G.
Clearance. — No vessel or boat belongin<^ wholly or in part to His
Majesty's subjects shall sail from Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark, or
Man, without a clearance, whether in ballast or having a cargo ; and if
with a cargo, the master shall give bond to His Majesty, in double the
value of the vessel or boat and of the cargo, for duly landing the same at
the port for which the vessel clears ; and every such vessel or boat not
having such clearance, or which, having a clearance for a cargo, shall
be found light or with any part of the cargo discharged before delivery
thereof at the port specified in the clearance (unless through necessity,
or for preservation of the vessel or boat, to be proved to the satisfaction
of the commissioners of customs), shall be forfeited. 3 & 4 Will. IV.,
c. 53, s^ 7.
British Fisheries- — Craft, food, victuals (except spirits), and nuiterials
fit for the British fisheries, may be exported. G & 7 Will. IV., c. 00, s) 1 5.
See Part 12.
JERSEY*.
Duties, ^-c, — At this instant there is no tariff; the only duties collected
are local, and only on spirits and wines, the former paying 1*. per gallon
when 10 degrees under proof, and in proportion for greater strength.
French wine pays 1/. the hogshead, Portugal and Spanish 1/. 5y. the like
quantity; and all wines, if imported in glass. Is. the dozen. The fore-
going rates are payable on importation ; and they are equally allowed on
exportation, excepting when they are taken away in small quantities as
ship stores.
Harbour Dues, ^-c. — The Harbour Dues are levied as under. In the
first place, vessels of and under 24 tons pay the harboiu'-master, as his
fee, 2s. ; those above that tonnage Id. for every ton register, each voyage ;
and the next vessel arriving here only six times in the twelvemonth, pays
to the harbour 6d. per ton ; coasters or others, arriving a greater number
of voyages in the same period, pay only 4d. per ton register each voyage.
Vessels belonging to the Port. — The number of registered vessels be-
longing to the port for the past year was 232, admeasuring 20,864 (prin-
cipally new) tons, and employing 2,048 men. There is reason to think
there will still be an increase this year, from the number of vessels
which have been built.
Steam Vessels. — Steamers ply as follow. Admiralty vessels from Wey-
mouth, with the mails, every Wednesday and Saturday evening, re-
turning every Saturday and Tuesday ; private steamers, new vessels of
120 and 100 horse power, from Southampton every Tuesday, Thursday,
and Saturday, during the summer, say from commencement of May to
the end of September ; in April, generally the first, and October the
last month of the season, they leave only on Tuesdays and Fridays, and
the same days are observed on their return from the Channel islands
throughout the season : from Plymouth there is only one steamer, seldom
plying before May, and continuing generally October through : this
vessel leaves every Thursday, and returns every Friday. All these vessels
touch at Guernsey, both in coming down and on returning. The last
two summers, a steamer has been running hence to Granville and St.
Malo three times a week, on Mondays to the former, and on Wednesdays
and Fridays to the latter, returning to the island the following day. It
mostly happens that the time of this latter vessel leaving this is so ar-
ranged, that passengers arriving from England and Guernsey are taken
on without landing, and the same facility is generally observed on her
return by the steamers bound for England.
• The information is all supplied by the Jersey correspondent.
234 EUROPE.— Jersey, Russia. [1837-8.
Moneys, Weights, and Measures. — The coin of the realm is lately be-
come the legal tender, and circulates at a fixed premium (by the autho-
rities) of 8^ per cent. French and Spanish moneys are also current, but
are not frequently used in purchases at this island, as the former is
generally reserved by parties who collect it for public travelling. "The
States" of the island have no issue as have the Guernsey, although we
have here several private banking companies, independent of individual
bankers, who put out U. notes, the old currency, at 20s. or 24 francs;
and the new currency (or fixed premium) at 20*. British, or 26 francs,
being a difference of Is. 8d. on the two notes, or the premium of Id. on
the shilling English, equivalent to the rate of SJ per cent. I am told
the Jersey pound is exactly equal to the pound Danish, or in other words,
that 104 pounds Jersey will weigh down 112 pounds English, the dif-
ference being as 13 to 14. The measure in general use is called a
" cabot,'' fourteen of which are computed to furnish an imperial quarter
of wheat, and eleven of barley. The potato cabot is considered to weigh
forty pounds Jersey ; the apple cabot (of all sorts) to average thirty-eight
pounds. As to other commodities, the weight of the cabot diff'ers as to
the specific gravity of the ingredient inti'oduced. The liquid measure
here adopted is the " pot," two hundred of which are computed to yield
ninety-two imperial gallons, equal to a loss of 8 per cent, on the gallon.
RUSSIA.
Principal Northern Ports. — Archangel, Abo, Aland (Island of),
Arensberg, Bjorneburg, Brahastadt, Borgo, Cronstadt (Island of), Chris-
tianstadt. Dago (Island of), Ekenas, Gamla Carleby, Hapsal or Gapsal,
Helsingfors, Jacobstadt, Kola, Kunda, Libau, Lovisa, Narva, Ny Carleby
or New Carleby, Nystadt, Onega, Petersburg, Pernau, Riga, Revel,
Sweaborg, Taganrog, Uleaborg, Wyborg, Windau, Wasa.
In a letter, dated Archangel, June, 9-16, 1835, from T. H. Carew
Hunt, Esq., to Lord Palmerston, it is stated, that by the customs laws of
the empire of Russia, at a certain distance outside every port in the em-
pire, there shall be stationed an officer of customs, whose duty it is to put
seals on all the hatches, lockers, and the like places of all ships arriving
at such port ; moreover, every ship which shall (except from stress of
weather) run past this station, without submitting to be sealed by the
officers, is to be fined the sum of 100 silver roubles (about 16^. sterling).
SHIPS' STORES.
September, 1836.
A Translation of clauses in the Customs law of the Russian empire affecting
ships' stores and provisions on their entry into Russian ports.
Shipmasters arriving in ports of the Baltic from beyond the Sound, or in the
ports of the Black and AzofF Seas from beyond the Dardanelles, are allowed to
pass for the use of their crews, for each man of the same, including the ship-
master—
Spirituous hquors, 2 ankers, 14 gallons ; beer or porter, 3 gallons ; wine, 1 gal-
lon ; coffee, 101b. Russian weight; tea, l^lb. Russian weight; sugar, 401b. Rus-
sian weight — 361b. English.
Duty is to be paid on any overplus found on board the vessels if such goods
be admitted to duty. Note — if the overplus be entered it is not confiscated ;
if not, it is confiscated, and a fine levied of five times the duty on goods, and
twice the sale value on prohibited goods.
NOTIFICATION.
The Hydrographic Board of the Imperial Russian Admiralty hereby give
notice, that in order to point out to mariners the low coast at the entrance of the
Straits of Moen (Moenund), when coming in from the Gulf of Riga, a stone
tower, surmounted by a globe, was erected in August, 1836, on the north-west
point of the island of Paternoster.
1837-8.] EUROPE.— Russia.— DM<iV.9, <^c. 235
The said tower is 42 English feet high from the ground, .ind 53 feet above the
level of tlie sea, and is painted light red. It is situated in lat. r)8, 3:i N., long.
23, 31 E., of Greenwich.
THE NEW RUSSIAN TARIFF.
Tariff of the articles of foreign merchandise, the importation of which is per-
mitted, and of various articles, the custom-house duty upon which has l)eeu
reduced or modified.
Import Duty.
Kbls. Cps.
DESCRll'TION OF MEUCIIANUISE.
Amber in lumps or dust, lb. . . . . .05
. cut. lb. . . . . . . . 4 0
Aromatic oils of every description, in bottles cut and polished, gilt or
silvered, with metallic covers and stoppers, and in general with orna-
ments; also in bottles not cut, but with moulded ornaments, the
whole to be weighed together, lb. . . . .30
(Oil of bitter almonds is still prohibited.)
Almond-paste, lb. ..... .
husks, lb. ......
Brooms, lb. . . . . • .
Butter of cows' or sheep's milk, lb. ....
Borax, lb. ...... .
Blacking (including the bottle or other vessel), lb. .
Bonbon books, bound, lb. «, . ...
Bones of various animals (ground), lb. .
Brushes (artists', mounted in a species of metal), lb.
Beads worked into purses, &c. (if mounted they are prohibited), lb.
Cider, hogshead ......
, in bottles, bottle ......
Cocoa, every preparation of, lb. ....
Candles (of spermaceti), lb. .....
Chocolate of every description, lb. ... .
Cases for razors, needles, &c., together with the boxes, coffrets, and
other articles for ladies' work-tables, with the exception of such as
may hereafter be specially mentioned, lb. ...
0 80
1^
: 0
0
30
5
0
2
50
0
60
5
0
1
50
3
0
1
50
36
0
0
40
1
0
10
0
1
0
CONFECTIONERY (lIQUId).
Every species of fruit preserved in syrup of honey or sugar, and the
syrups of fruits, lb. . . . . . 0 50
Compotes, marmalades, of cherries, prunes, or other fruits (postila), lb. 0 40
Cherries (boiled and preserved without sugar), lb. . .015
CONFECTIONERY (dRY).
Including hard sweetmeats of every description, lemon and orange
peel, lozenges, dried fruits, &c., lb. . . . 0 80
Corals — cut, or moulded after any fashion (with the exception of such
as may hereafter be named in this tariff'), lb. . . .40
, artificial, in any sort of workmanship not specially named in
this tariff ....... 40
(Corals, both natural and artificial, mounted in gold or silver, or
other metals, are still prohibited.)
Colours, for artists, with the wooden, tin, or papier macht boxes in
which they are packed, lb. . , . . .10
Cotton goods, and goods half cotton, mixed with hemp or flax, viz. : —
White handkerchiefs of cambric, &c., lb. . . . 1 50
Stockings and nightcaps, coloured, lb. , . . , 0 7Q
, embroidered, lb. . . . , . 10
Cotton goods, dyed, of one colour, and embroidered (those excepted
which may be mentioned in another part of this tarifi'), lb. . 1 50
Handkerchiefs of the same description, lb. , . . 2 0
236 EUROPE.— Russia.— I>2<//e*, ^c. [1837-8.
Import Duty,
llbls. Cps.
All cotton goods of various colours and desif^ns, wliether striped or
woven, made up and embroidered, &c. (except those specially men-
tioned elsewhere), lb. . . . . . .20
Handkerchiefs of a similar description, lb. . . , 2 50
I. Nankeens and all sorts of cotton and half cotton goods woven and printed, whether trans-
jiarcut, non-transparent, or demi-transparent, with the exception of those hereinal'ter named,
remain prohibited. 2. Turliish goods, up to this time prohibited or not named, are to be in-
cluded in the list above mentioned. 3. As doubts often arise wliether white cotton goods, when
checked or striped, or otherwise similarly designed, are to be considered as non-transparent or
demi-transparent ; and seeing the great ditference in the custom-house duties on these articles,
it is ordained, that in the number of goods of this descripiion, of which the duty on the non-
transparent is fixed at 70 copecs, and on the transparent and demi-transparent at 2 roubles
20 copecs per lb., those shall be considered as non-transparent which, in the pound weight,
contain less than 9i aicliines square. Those, on tlie contrary, which contain more than 9;,
and not more than 12i archines square, shall pay 1 rouble 40 copecs, instead of 2 roubles 20
copecs in silver money, per lb. The Minister of Finance is furthermore authorized to make,
during tlie year 1838, such changes as may, by tlie practice of the interval, appear necessary
with regard" to the contents of the w eight of the above-mentioned articles, by giving the trading
public notice of his determination. He shall besides seud to the custom-liouses and give them
tlic necessary instructions upon the subject of the duties to be levied upon those goods whicli
until now have been considered transparent, even wlien those objects cannot be assimilated
to the above rule.
It is self-evident that tliis rule does not extend to the cotton goods, upon which a duty has
been imposed of more than 7O copecs per pound on tlie one description, and of 2 roubles 20
copecs per pound on the other ; nor upon those specifically mentioned, as tulles, pettmets. and
lace of Turkish fabric, admitted exclusively into the ports of the BlacI; Sea and the Sea of
Azoir.
Chalk, berkov .......
Cheese, lb. ...... .
Cork ........
Cotton, hempen, and other wicks for lamps or caudles, lb.
Coffee and pepper mills, lb. .....
Dross of lead or scoria, lb. .... .
Dolls of every description, lb. .... .
Enamel, painting upon enamel, except images and painted table-ware,
which remain prohibited .....
Emery — in dust, lb. ......
Earthenware — white, or if one colour without gold or silver design or
border, lb. .
, with gold or silver borders, ornaments, &c., lb.
Fruits — apples and pears, fresh, barrel, of 2 ankers
rish-hookb and bait, and fishing-rods, lb. .
1
0
4
0
free.
5
0
0
80
3
0
4
0
free.
0
20
4
0
10
0
0
75
u
l-O
FLAXEN AND HEMPEN GOOBS.
Pocket-handkerchiefs, white, with or without borders, with the excep-
tion of those specifically mentioned, lb. . . . 1 80
AVhite flaxen or hemden cloth, with the exceptions as above; also white
flaxen or hempen cloth with an admixture of cotton, lb. . . 1 50
— , dyed, printed, flowered, woven, knit, or
embroidered, lb. . . . . . . (JO
Handkerchiefs of a similar description to the above, lb. . .80
Table-cloths, napkins, and towels of linen; ditto with an admixture of
cotton, white, coloured, flowered, woven, and embroidered, lb. . 2 0
Stockings and nightcaps of hempen or flaxen thread, either of one or
of many colours, lb. . . . . . .10
. , embroidered, lb. . . . 1 50
(Every other article of flaxen or hempen manufacture printed, with
the exception of the above-mentioned, is still prohibited.)
Galanga, in dust, lb. . . . . . .20
GT.OVES.
Of cotton or demi-cotton, with threads of fllax or hemp, white or co-
loured, woven or knit, lb. . . . . . 0 70
Similar gloves, embroidered, lb. . . . . .10
Gloves of flax or hemj), white or coloured, lb. . , . 10
— — , embroidered, lb. . . . * . . 1 50
1837-8.]
EUROPE —Russi \— Duties, .^c
237
Gloves, continued, viz.: —
, of white silk, half silk, or a mixture of silk, woven or knit, lb.
, coloured, 11). ......
• , embroiilerod, lb. . . . . • •
(Chamois <^loves are prohibited.)
Ginger, whole or groiuid, lb. . . . . •
Gum, elastic, in hunps or bladders, lb. . . •
Garnets, natural and artificial, lb. ....
(Mounted garnets are still iirohibited.)
Gingerbread, lb. . . . . . . .
Horses and mares, each .....
Herrings (salted), English and Scotch, barrel of nine pounds
ludigo, lb. .......
Ink-powder, lb. . . • . . .
Leather, prepared skins of the elk and the stag, lb.
Meerschaums, worked and mounted, lb. .
Macaroni and vermicelli of every description, pood
Machines containing any chemical inflammable matter, in cases, boxes,
with painted ornaments, or bronze, &c.,the wiiole weighed together, lb.
Marbles and porphyry, worked, without bronze or other ornaments, lb.
Masks of every description, lb. .....
Metals, copper moulds for the making of macaroni, vermicelli, and
scent-bottles, pood ......
(Moulds for macaroni and vermicelli arriving with and making part
of the apparatus for the manufacture pass without paying duty.)
Mustard, ground, lb. .
, prepared, weighed with the vessel, lb. .
Plated goods (every species of), lb. . . . .
Playthings for children (every species of), lb. . . .
Perry, hogshead ......
in bottle, per bottle ......
Picture-frames of every description, with the pictures, archine, and
counting the fractions as entire archines . . .
(Frames without the pictures are still prohibited.)
Potatoes imported by sea, tchetvert . . . . •
(The importation by land is free of duty.)
Paper of every description, which is not specifically exempted in ano-
ther part of the tariff', lb. .....
Pearl, mother-of, and imitation of, lb. ... .
(If mounted in gold, silver, or other metal, they remain prohibited.)
Pimento, English, pood ......
Pepper, Jamaica, pood ......
, white, black, or red, ground ....
Pens, writing, lb. . . . . . . .
Riding whips, simple or mounted, each ....
Slates, lb. ........
Scent-bags, of silk, lb. . . . . . .
Scented waters of every description, in bottles of cut and polished
crystal, with covers and stoppers of metal, and with ornaments in
general, as well as in bottles not polished, but with moulded orna-
ments, the whole to be weighed together, lb.
Skins of the American marten or rats, lb. ...
bears, lb. ...... .
tigers, panthers, lions, zebras, and leopards, lb. . .
lynx, lb. ...... ,
musk rat, lb. . . . . . .
Sago, Indian, lb. . . . . . .
Silk goods, either wholly silk or mixed, with cotton, &c., not trans-
parent, with coloured designs woven, embroidered, excepting those
specially designated, lb. .....
Silk, not transparent, interwoven with gold or silver threads, &c., except
such as are specially designated, lb, ... .
Ini]-i(H-t Diitv.
Kbls. CJps.
4
5
fi
3
0
1
0
30
1
f)
1
3
2
4
1
1
0
(I
0
0
50
50
r,o
0
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
20
0
50
2
0
2
0
36
0
0
40
0 50
0 50
0 40
1 50
4
0
4
0
4
0
1
0
0
45
0
1
o
0
2
0
0
80
2
0
2
0
0
50
0
15
2
0
f.
0
8
0
238 EUROPE.— Russia.— Dwi/e«, ^c. [1837-8.
Import Duty.
Rbls. Cps.
(To this duty are assimilated silk floods of Turkish manufacture,
the entrance of which was formerly prohibited.)
Silk handkerchiefs, white or coloured, not transparent, excepting those
specifically named, lb. .....
flowered or embroidered, lb. . . .
with gold or silver threads, lb. . . . ,
table-covers, &c. lb. , . . . . ,
■ nightcaps, coloured and flowered, lb. . . .
' and stockings embroidered, lb. .
• carpets, lb. ......
(Every sort of silken manufacture not included in the above, as well
as the ribands of orders of nobility, are prohibited.)
talc, lb. .......
Toothpicks of every description, lb. ....
Teeth of every sort of fish, pood .....
of elephants and hippopotanms, pood . . .
in tablettes, pood ....
for painters, pood ....
Wax (raw), yellow, white, or coloured, pood ....
used by upholsterers, and that made use of in grafting trees,
pood ........
White lead (English) and Cremnitz, pood ....
Whalebone (fanons), lb. .....
purified, lb. . . . . ,
worked, lb. .....
Whips (coachmen's) each ......
Watches, pinchbeck, copper, or plated, each . . .
gilt ditto, each . . . . .
G
0
S
0
10
0
8
0
5
0
f)
0
8
0
0
60
2
10
2
0
2
0
3
0
-3
0
1
50
1
50
1
50
0
5
0
25
1
0
0
25
3
0
JO
0
WOOLLEN GOODS.
Cloths, kerseymeres, ladies' cloths, drapery, ratteens, &c., of black,
blue-black, dark-green, white, light blue, &c., lb. . . .30
Table-covers, quiUs, &c., lb. .... . 3 50
Carpets, great and small, of woollen fabric, or mixed with linen thread,
hemp, or cotton, with fringes sewed, lb. . . . .10
Cloths and woollen sacks used in pressing out oil, lb. . . 0 20
(Every description of printed woollen or half woollen goods, %viththe
exception of those specifically mentioned, remain prohibited.)
Wax tapers, and all articles of White and coloured wax, lb. . .8 0
Wadding cotton, lb. . . . . . , 0 90
Wadding-silk, lb. . . . . . . .20
Wafers in boxes, lb. . . , . . . 4 0
The following articles are freed from the additional custom-house duty of 12^
per cent., imposed in conformity with the Ukase of the 11th of November"
1831:—
Cinnamon, and cinnamon flowers, cocoa in beans, coffee, carraway seeds, cloves, cubebs, roots
of; giuger, galanga, roots of; lace, blonds, tulles, &c. ; metals — viz., lead, tin, and quicksilver ;
mace, nutmegs, pepper of every description whole or ground ; tea (Kirpitschiuii, Lougan, and
every sort of tea of inferior quality) ; vanilla.
Besides the above, the seeds of turnips, rape, as well as of vai'ious oleaginous grains, whicli
are not specitically mentioned in the tarilT, and which are known only by their local names, such
as sourepa, rigey, &c., will be freed from all custom-house dues on exportation for a period of
six yeais, commeucing from the 1st of January, 1837.
On the original is written by His Majesty's own hand — " Thus let it be."
St. Petersburgh, Dec. 6, 1836.
OENEBAL BtTLES.
1. The provisions of this tariff will begin to be put in force from the ls"t of Jaiiuary,1837, and
in the more remote custom-houses to which they cannot be communicated by tliat period they
sliall come into operation from the day on which they shall have been received.
2. All imported goods that are specified in this tariff tliat may remain bonded at the custom
houses, and upon which the duty shall not have been paid up to the aforesaid 1st of . January,
18.37, or to the day upon which this tarilT shall have been received at those custom-houses at
which it may arrive later than tliat day. shall enjoy half the reduction of duty herein specified.
In the same manner there shall be collected only one-half the additional duty of 12i per cent.
1837-8.]
EUROPE.— RUSSIA..— Duties, i^c.
239
upon those s\)ecios of mercliandise from which it has by a previous provisioa of this truilTbeea
altogether removed. Will»_resi)ect to these species of goods, limited in their number, of wliich tliu
importation was already iiermitted, and of which, from peculiar considerations, Uie duty was
eitlier altogether removed or recenllv modified, sueli of them as are allowed to remain bonded
to the 1st of January next shall pay duty uniler the old tariff. On the other hand, such of these
species of goods as may be imported after the 1st of .Tauuary shall be subject to the regulations
of this tariff. lu the mean time, however, a discretion is vested in the Minister of Finance to
admit even this latter species of goods under the former regulations, when it shall be proved
that their shipment took place previously to the 1st of January, or iu ignorance of the change in
the tariff.
3. The abolition of llie ailditimial duty of i2i per cent, upon particidar species of tea, congou
for instance, and other inferior (lualilies, will commence from the sales which will take place in
the winter of 1837-38, comprising both the teas recently imported, as well as wliat remain over
since the last sales.
4. The additional duty of \i\ per cent., from which tlie above-mentioned articles have been
freed, will not be levied upon merchandise of the same description hereafter admitted to impor-
tation in a raw state. On the contrary, until a new disposition shall be made, it will bi;
collected upon all the other merchandise comprised in the present tariff, with the exception, how-
ever, of those custom-houses in which the collection of tliis rluty has not taken place at all.
5. Merchandise, the imi)ortaf ion of which is permitted by the present tariff, shall be admitted
upon tlie payment of the duty at tliose custom-liouses at whicli arlicles of the same kind have
hitherto paid duty. Morchaudise hereafter admitted may be imported througli all the custom-
liouses of the first class.
6. The operation of this tariff is confined to that merchandise of which the duty is levied
under the European tariff, and amongst the objects of the Asiatic tariff only to tea of a parti-
cular description, congou and others of inferior quality.
7. Merchandise, tlie impoilation of wliicli is permitted to the Trans-Caucasian provinces by
the Black Sea at a lower duty than that imposed by the present tariff, shall pay in the said pro-
vinces the same duties as before.
8. In the Trans-Caucasian provinces every species of cotton manufacture, nou-trausparent,
and half-transparent, shall remain subject to the same duty as heretofore.
9. The fifth of the customs duty levied at Odessa, for the benefit of that town, will be
collected conformably to former regulations. But the duty of all merchandise passing into the
interior of the empire through the custom-houses about Odessa shall be paid under the provi-
sions of the present tariff, beginning from the 1st of January, 1837.
10. With respect to merchandise, the importation of which, liitherto prohibited, is henceforth
permitted, and which sliall be seized as contraband after the publication of the present tariff", it
shall be dealt with as goods permitted, but fraudulently imported.
11. It is left to the Minister of Finance to give instructions, such as may be deemed proper,
to the custom-houses respecting the deduction from the duty on account of tare.
12. Any question that may arise upon the construction of this tariff shall be referred for
decision to the Minister of Finance.
The original is signed by the President of the Council of the Empire.
Count Novosiltzoff.
A Table of Duties, payable to
the
Ashes, pot and pearl, the ton .
Anniseed, the cwt
Books, botind, the cwt.
Bristles, the dozen lb. .
Cantharides, the lOOU). . .
Caviare, the cwt
Copper, the ton ....
Cordage, the cwt
Corn, viz. wheat, the (jr. .
, , of any other description,
the qr ,
Castoreum, the lb. ...
Down, the lOUlb
Feathers for beds, tlie cwt. ,
Flax, the ton
Glne, the cwt
Hair, cow or ox, the cwt. .
, , horse, do
Hemp, the ton
Hides, undrest, cwt. dry Ir/.,
wet
Ditto, Red or Muscovy, each .
Iron, the ton
Isinglass, the cwt
the Russia Company, on Goods imported after
10th April, 1835.
s. d. s. d.
0 4 Junk and rope, the ton ..02
0 3 Linen, fur every £100 of the
0 2 value 10
0 01 Matts, the 100 0 2
1 0 Pitch and tar, the last ..02
0 2 Rhubarb, the lb 0 1
0 4 Rope and junk, the ton ..02
0 2 Resin, the cwt 0 1
0 Oi Saltpetre, the cwt 0 1
Seed, the qr. (excej)t anniseed) 0 0^
0 0;^ Armins, or ermines, the timber
0 r of 40 skins 0 2
0 4 Bear skins, each .... 0 2
0 4 Calabar, the timber ... 0 2
0 4 Foxskins, the 100. . . . 0 4^
0 1 Hareskins, the 1000 skins . 0 1
0 2 Sables, the timber ....If!
0 2 Swan skins, the piece ... 0 2
0 3 Wolf, the skin 0 1.^
Tallow, the ton .... 0 3
0 01 Tongues, the 100 . . . . 0 2
0 Oi Tow. the ton 0 4
0 2' Wax, I)ces', the cwt. ... 0 2
0 2 Wool, the cwt 0 1
240 EUROPE.— RvHSik.— Moneys, <^^c. [1837-8.
.9. d. .9. d.
Balks, above 5 inches srjuare. Masts, great, each .... 0 2
the 120 0 4 Ditto, middle and small, each 0 1
Ditto, under 5 inches square, Oars, the 120 0 4
the 120 0 3 Oak boards, the 120 ... 0 5
Battens, the 120 .... 0 1 Oak plank, the load ... 0 3
Clap boards, the 120 ... 0 I Oak timber, the load ... 0 2
Deals, the 120 0 3 Paling boards, the 120 ..01
Fire-wood, the fathom ..01 Spars, the 120 02
Fir timber, the load ... 0 1 Staves, the 120 .... 0 1
Handspikes, the 120 ... 0 1 Wainscot logs,; the load o . 0 2
Lath wood, the fathom ..01
Goods not rated in this table are to pay Jth per cent, according to the value, on
the declaration of the importer.
Thomas Cope, Secretary.
MONEYS.
100 Copecs = 1 Ruble.
There are in Russia two sorts of money, viz. a paper or bank currency, and a
metallic currency.
The value of tlie metallic ruble in silver, is 37^^/. sterling ; its rate of exchange
against the paper ruble is variable, but at present it is about 3| paper rubles for
one silver ruble, making the value of 1 paper ruble about }0d. sterling.
The value of the silver ruble is fixed for 1837 at 3 rubles GO copecs bank assig-
iiats, on the payment of the duties of customs on goods imported and exported
by the frontiers of Europe and Asia.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 Pounds = 90.26 lb. Avoirdupois,
100 Wedros = 270.46 Imperial Gallons.
100 Tschetwerts = 72.12 Imperial Quarters.
100 Arschines = 77.77 English Yards.
Tate's Modern Cambist and Ed.
MINES.
St. Peteksburgii, Sept. 30, 1837. — Amount of the precious metals obtained
from the mines in the Ural mountains in the first six months of 1837 : —
Mines of the Crown . .
Of private persons . . .
Total . .
PLATINA.
Mines of the Crown ...
Of private persons .... 62
Total ... 62 29 46 7-12
ODESSA ON THE BLACK SEA.
Odessa is situated considerably above the level of the wafer. The Russian
government have just determined on the construction of a splendid staircase, to
connect the city and the liarbour. It will consist of 200 steps, in somewhat of a
pyramidal form, for the lower steps are to have a breadth of 3r50 feet, while the
upper ones are only to be 175 feet broad. This colossal staircase, which is to be
of white marble, will be supported by 36 columns. — Ed.
Poods.
lb. zol.
. 61
27 31
. 81
25 85
. 143
13 20
'oods. lb.
zol.
0 2
4 1-19
62 27
42*
SWEDEN.
Principal Ports.— Ahuy?,, Christianstadt, Calmar, Carlsham, Carls-
cvona, Cimbrishanm, Enoelholin, Fallcenburff, Foreko, Gottenbiirg, Gelie,
Gothland (Isle), Haluistadt, lierjiosaud, Hudjoks'.vald, llelsijigborg,
1837-8.] EUROPE.— Sweden. 241
Hammerfest. Laholm, Landscrona, Marstrand, Malmo, Norkoping, Ny-
land, Pataholm, Pilea or Pithea, Skomvick, Stockliolm, Stromstadt, So-
derham, Sundswall, Tornea, Uddevalla, Uraea, Upsal, Warberg, Wester-
wick, Wisby, Ystadt.
llECnniOCITY TKliATY.
By O. O., Oct, 15, 1832, it is dcclareil, tliat His Majesty the Kingof Sweden and Norway is one
of the foreign iiowors with whicli any reciprocity treaties are subsisting.
As to nature of Reciprocity Law, see p. 44.
The Convention with Sweden and Norway is dated March 18, 1826,
and is to be in force for the term of ten years from the date hereof;
and further, until the end of twelve months after either of the high con-
tracting parties shall have given notice to the other of its intention to
terminate the same ; each of the high contracting parties reserving to
itself the right of giving such notice to the other, at the end of the said
term of ten years; and it is agreed between them, that, at the expira-
tion of twelve months after such notice shall have been received by
either party from the other, this convention, and all the provisions there-
of, shall altogether cease.
NOTICE TO MARINERS CLEARING OUT WITH GOODS FOR SWEDEN.
In transmitting to yon the accompanying copy of His Royal Majesty's renewed
maritime regulations, issued on the 28th of last November, the Royal Board of
Trade desires that you will communicate the same to all Swedish shipmasters
arriving within your district, and also make the following paragraphs, extracted
from the said Royal Proclamation, known to masters of foreign vessels, and cause
the same to be exhibited at Lloyd's.
Section 1. It is incumbent on all shipmasters (whether Swedish or foreign)
taking in goods at ports where a Swedish Consul is resident, destined to Sweden
before their departure from such port, to appear before the said Consul, and to
deliver him a duplicate (signed by the shipmaster) of the manifest of his cargo,
and all the original bills of lading which he may possess. Tiie Consul shall then
compare the manifest with the bills of ladiii};, and having found them correct,
certify to that effect on the manifest ; and these documents being joined together,
and sealed with the consular seal, shall be returned to the said sliipmaster. When
the cargo is shipped at an European port, it shall be specified on the bills of
lading (except when they regard floods in bulk) the numbers, marks, ^ross
weifjfht, or cubical contents of every jiackago, taken according to the calculations
estal)lished at the port where the cargo shall be loaded.
Section IG, Every shipmaster (whether Swedish or foreign) who may arrive in
Sweden with a cargo on board his vessel from any forei<;n port where a Swedish
Consul is resident, nmst, as he delivers in his bill of contents to the Custom
House, produce, under penalty of one htmdred rix dollars, a duplicate of the
manifest of his cargo, certified as prescribed by the first section.
Section 20. When a shipmaster (native or foreign) is bound to a Swedish port
which may not jiossess i^eneral bonding privileges, it shall not be permitted him
to have goods on board for exportation, the importation of whiclr is prohibited,
unless the said shipmaster shall prove, by the production of his pass, manifest,
and bill of contents, that it is his intention to prosecute the same voyage to a
specified foreign port. If this cannot be satisfactorily shown, the goods sliail bu
confiscated.
Section 61. Shipmasters (whether Swedish or foreign) commanding vessels
imder the burthen of fifteen lasts, or open coasting boats, having goods on board
loaded at a foreign port, and destined to a Swedish port, or Swedish shipmasters
intending to proceed from one foreif^n port to another, or to Norwav, must he pro-
vided with a manifest or specification of the cargo on board, in which document
the names of the shipmaster and his vessel, the latter's number, and the place of
destination, the number of i)ackages of which the carf;;o consists, tlie niunber,
and mark, and contents of each packajj^e. This manifest, with a duplicate thereof
signed by the master, and provided with a certificate that the said duplicate cor-
responds with the clearance made at the Custom House at the foreij;;!! port of
loading, and in conformity with which the clearance has been effected, it shall be
242 EUROPE.— Sweden. [1837-8.
incumbent on the master, prior to his departure, to deliver to the Swedish Consul
at such place, who alter certifying on the manifest that a corresjioniling dupli-
cate thereof has been delivered to him, must return the former document to the
master, and transmit the latter by the next following post, either to the Custom
House at the port in Sweden to which the vessel is bnund, or in the event of the
master intending to proceed to a foreign or Norwegian port, in that case to the
Custom House to which the vessel belongs.
Should masters of coasting vessels of the above description be met with during
the voyage by the coast blockade, it is incumbent on them, whether bound to a
Swedish port or not, to receive an officer ou board, and exhibit their ship docu-
ments, and those appertaining to their cargoes. Should it then appear that the
master comes from a foreign place where a Swedish Consul is appointed, without
being ju'ovided with a requisite manifest of the cargo duly endorsed by the Con-
sul, or he should have other or more goods than the manifest contains, in that
case the vessel shall be sent to the nearest Custom House port, and the master be
cited before the proper tribunal, and all such goods as do not appear in the mani-
fest as directed, or which as to quantity and contents do not correspond with the
same, shall be liable to confiscatnm, and the master shall be held responsible for
illegal importation, according to law. The same law shall also apply when, on
arrival at a Swedish port of destination, the manifest is wanting, or does not agree
with the contents of the cargo.
On behalf of the Royal Board of Trade,
C. D. Skogman.
Stockholm, December 17, 1835. O. E. Bergius. J. N. Borelius.
C. ToTTiE, Esq.,
Swedish and Norwegian Consul General, London.
MONEYS,
48 Skillings = 1 Rixdollar.
The silver species-dollar is valued at 4s. 5J(/. sterling, but the general average
of the rixdollar in paper is about Is. ^Jd. sterling,
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 Pounds Vict. Wt. = 93.71 lb. Avoirdupois.
100 Kannen = 57.58 Imperial Gallons
The Tunna of 36 Kappar = 4.53 Imi erial Bushels.
The Ell of 2 I'eet = 23.37 English Inches.
Tate's Modern Cambist.
NORWAY.
Principal Ports. — Arendahl, Asjgurhuys, A asgaard strand, Bergen,
North Brevig, Borrestad, Borregarol, Cliristiania, Christiansand, Dram,
Drontheira, Droback, East Ries, Frederickshall, Fahrsund, Flekkefiord,
Frederiekstatlt, Grimsted or Gronstadt, Holmstrand, Holmstadt, Hafs-
lund, Kragoroc, Laarvig, Longsound, Moss, Molde, Mandahl, Oster
Reisoer, Ochlandsvogen, Porsground, Schien, Soon, Sandefiord, Tons-
berg,
MONEYS, &c.
120 Skillings = 1 Species-Dollar.
The species-dollar in coin is equal to 2 Danish Rigsbank dollars, or 3 Hamburg
marks banco, or about b2\il. sterling.
The Norwegian v/eights and measures are the same as those of Denmark. —
Tate's Modern Cambist.
1837-8.]
EUROPE.— Norway.
243
Extract of the Tariff on Goods passing the Sound
and the Gotha Canal, reduced to Hamburgh
Banco, at the present exchange, in order to faciUtate
calculations :—
Almonds, 100 lb.
Aniseed, 100 lb. .
Arrack, hhd. . ...
Bales, the contents unknown or not specified, 100 marks |^
val. ....
Ditto, ditto, 100 lb.
Brandy, distilled from fruits, hhd. .
Cacao, 100 lb. . .
Candles, tallow, ship pound . .
■ wax, ditto . . .
Cardamoms, 100 lb. . • .
Cloves, ditto ...
Cochineal, ditto ....
Coffee, ditto ....
Cordage, ship pound . . .
Corn, Barley, 1 last or 20 barrels . .
Oats, 1 last or 24 barrels
■ Rye, 1 last or 20 barrels . .
Wheat, 1 last or 20 barrels
Cotton, 100 lb. . . . .
Fish, dried, such as Sey, Stockfish, &c., ship pound
— — Salt Herring, 1 last or 12 barrels
Flax, hackled, ship pound . .
imhackled, finer sorts, ditto . .
ditto, coarser sorts, ditto . .
Ginger, 100 lb. . '
Hemp, 1 last or 6 ship pounds
Hides, undressed,of Oxen, Cows, Horses, and Wild Oxen,
from Buenos Ayres, 100 pieces . .
Hops, ship pound . . .
llurds of Hemp or Flax, 10 ship pound .
Indigo, 100 lb. . . . .
Lead, ship pound . . . .
Leather, sole and pump, 1 00 lb.
■ Russian yuchters, oryuft, 40ps. or 1 ship pound
Mace, 100 1b, .....
Madder, diito . . , .
Minium, or Red Lead, ditto • .
Nutmeg . ditto . .
Pepper . ditto . .
Pimento . ditto
Porter, hhd. . ...
Raisius, , 1001b.
■ small, in baskets, ditto
Rice, , . ditto
Rum, hhd. ....
Saffron, 1 lb. . . .
Sago, 100 lb. . .
Salt, Luneberg, 1 last or 12 barrels . .
all other sorts, 1 hist or 18 barrels
Seed, Line. Turnip, or Rape, 1 last or 24 barrels
Silk, raw, 100 lb. . ' . .
Duty
ou 1
Duty on
Goods
Goods
passing
passing the
tlio
Gottia
Sound.
Canal.
o »)■
O wi
S^
S.
3-2
s.
a rt
s «
S E
a S
.
9
2
9
11
2
4
..
15
^}lal
4
1
n
\ a2
8
. ,
15
4
, .
1
8
^
.
6
, .
^
2
4
n
2
4
A
2
4
n
2
4
, ,
A
1
8
n
. . .
6
, ,
A
1
8
1
23
.
12
. ,
9
1
8
1
2,3
3
2
51
1
2
3|
.
21
1
1
8'
9
2
4
. ,
9
.
12
%
. .
8
3
12
2.i
'. 3
..
1
2
'} ^
4
3,3
.
6
2|
2
4
15
2
4
n
4
H
9
2
"'2
4
15
2
4
n
.
^
..
1
.
9
2
2
4
..
'\
.
12
2.1
.
9
2
.
4.i
H
. .
9
. .
2
91
5
. • .
-i
• •
s
.
^
2
1
8
, ,
15
. .
^
, .
1
. •
4
, .
1
2
4
, .
12
L
8
1
2
2
4
1
11
1
14
..
5i
R 2
244
EUROPE.—NoRWAY.
[1837-8.
Duty ou
Goods
Duty on
Goods
passing
the
passingt lie
Gotna
Sound.
Canal.
O en
-" S
s.
o J,
s.
••
2i
9'
••
2*
9
_,
2
'i
2
C
3f
2|
Tal
C
4
9
••
2i
2
i
8
6
8
2^
9^
f
i
6
2
\
2|
1
2
8
4
15
I
a3
J
1
2
9
5
3|
2
1
*2
4
^•1
3
12
Extract of the Tariff of Duty on Goods
passing through the Sound, &c,, co7i-
tinued, viz. : —
Silk, sewing, Floretto, 1 lb. . .
Soap, hard, 100 lb.
Sugar, raw, of all sorts, and loaf, 100 lb.
Candy and Confectionary, 100 lb.
TkHow, ship piuind ....
Tartar, ditto ....
Tea, 100 banco marks value
Ditto, 100 lb. ....
Tobacco, in casks, chests, or paper, 100 lb. .
Ukraine or Russian, ship pound
Vitriol . . sliip pound
White Iron or Tin, ditto .
White Lead, . ditto
Wine of any sort, hhd. . ...
Wool, Spanish, 100 lb.
fine, of lambs or sheep, ship pound .
of all coarser sorts, ditto .
Yarn, cotton or twist, 1001b.
sewing, Turkish and A^'oulleu, 100 lb.
Observations. — Stuffs and other textures, if not specified, the duty is to be paid
at the rate of three quarters per cent, on the value.
The canal dues on all vessels are to be levied according to their tonnage, no
difference being made whether laden or em[>ty, at tlie rate of 12 S. Swedish
Banco (four and a half S. Hamburg Banco) per last, equivalent to 10 S. Swedish
Banco (six and three-quarters Hamburg Banco) per commercial last of two
English tons.
PRUSSIA.
Principal Ports. — Anclani, Barth, Colbert, Demmin, Dantzic, Elbinj::,
Greifswalde, Konigsberg, Memel, Pillau, Rugenwalde, Rugen (Isle),
Stettin, Swinnemunde, Stolpe, Stolpemunde, Stralsund, Uckerraunde,
Wolgast.
RECIPROCITY TREATY.
Ky O. C, Oct. 15, 1832, it is declared, that His Majesty the King of Prussia is one of the foreign
powers witli wliich any reciproeily treaties are subsisting.
5 By O. C, May 3, 18'2G, His Majesty is pleased to declare, tliat the ships of and belonging to
the dominions of His Majesty the King of Prussia are entitled to the privileges granted liy
the law of navigation (p. 2). and may import from sucli the dominions of His Majesty the
King of Prussia, into any of the Britisli possessions abroad, goods, the produce of such
dominions, and may export goods from such British possessions abroad, to be carried to
any foreign country whatever.
As to nature of Reciprocity Law, see page 44.
CONVENTION OF COM.MERCE.
The Convention with Prussia is dated April 2, 1824, and is to be in
force for ten years, subject to notice of twelve months on either side, in
similar manner to that with Sweden, page 241.
Translated Copy of a Notification issued by His Prussian Majesty's govern-
meutj dated Stralsund, May 17, 1837.
NOTIFICATION.
At Arkona, upon the peninsula Wittow, which is joined to the island of
Rugen, there is projecting from the point of the redoubt a stone, in the direction
1837-8.] EUROPE.— Prussia. 245
of east J north, at 2^ cables' lenji^tl), wliich is danp;erous to ships drawing much
water, and therefore has hitherto been marked by a buoy 434 fathonis distant
from the beach, but as this mark has been fre(iuently disturbed, it has been deter-
mined to put up a permanent one. This consists of two land-beacons, one of
which is taxed on the rampart of Arkona, and the other in the plain of Ih
redoubt, which point precisely to tlie outermost end of the reef. The farthest of
these beacons is provided with a black basket-signal, of a rotind shape, and the
foremost one with a similar basket painted red, in the form of an oblong square.
Ships entering into Tromper Wick, or which want to make for Arkona, it they
draw 12 feet of water or upwards, nnist not approach the point in (piustiou any
closer, when the two beacons are seen from the deck in a straight line in the
direction of west j- south, in which case the ship is again 4o4 fathoms distant.
If the square signal is observed to be higher than the round one, it denotes that
the ship has got too near the shore, and must immediately steer for the ofKng. —
Royal Prussian Government.
MANUFACTORIES.
Berlin, Oct. 16, 1837.— The manufactories of Berlin have greatly increased
within these few years. At present a very extensive cotton manufactory is erect-
ing by one of the richest citizens of Berlin ; a powerful steam-engine is to be used
also to work a steam-mill. The quantity of Prussian manufactures sold at the
great fairs is constantly increasing, and the maimfacturers of Berlin are now so
flourishing that several of the larger ones employ 1000 workmen. — Private Cor-
respondent.
MONEYS.
30 Silver Groschen . » 1 Prussian Dollar.
The Prussian Dollar used until lately to be divided into 24 good Groschen.
The value of the dollar is obtained from the standard rate of 14 dollars being
coined from 1 Cologne Mark weight of fine silver, from which the value of the
dollar is 2*. IV^d. bterling, and the par of exchange P. D. 6 27 S. G. per £
sterling.
^YEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 Pounds . = 103.11 lb. Avoirdupois.
100 Quarts . = 25.20 Imperial Gallons.
100 Scheffels . = 151 .21 Imperial Bushels.
100 Ells . = 72.93 English Yards.
T(tte"s Modern Cambist.
PRICE OF WHEAT.
Oct. 23, 1837. — The highest quotation of white wheat of the first quality at
Berlin is 1 rixdollar 22 groschen the scheff'el, which answers to 28»'. Ad. the
quarter, and the highest quotation of white wheat in London being 62s. the
quarter, the difference is 1 18| per cent, that wheat is dearer in Loudon than at
Berlin. The highest quotation of red wheat of the first quality at Stettin is
38 dollars the wispel of 24 scheffels, which answers to 25*. \\d. the quarter, and
the highest quotation of red wheat in London being 58s. the quarter, it follows
that wheat is 123|per cent, dearer in London than at Stettin, and that with the
sum of 2/. I8s. a man may buy 17^ bushels of wheat at Stettin, whereas with the
same sum he can buy only eight bushels in London. — Ed,
DENMx\RK PROPER AND DUCHY OF HOLSTEIN.
Principal Ports. — Anhalt (Island of), Aarhus, Aalborg, Abenrade,
Asseiis, Altona, Amrumoe, Bofjense, Bornholm (Island of), Businn,
Burg, Brunsbuttel, Blankenese, Bredstedt, Bonksiel or Bungsill, Copen-
hagen, Colding, Cullundberg, Corsoer, Carden, Carlingziel, Dagebull,
Elsineur, Eckenforde, Elmeshorn, Emerlow, Frederickstadt, Faroe (Island
of), Fladstraud, Fohr or Fora (Island), Faaborg, Flensborg, Fredorica,
Funen (Island), Gluckstadt, Garding, Husum, Horsens, Holtenau, Hol-
beck, Horsbull, Hoyer, Hever, Hedersloben, Horvacht, Heide, Heiligen-
haven, Itzehoe, Kiel, Kioge, Kiertmunde, Langeland, Laland (Island
of), Mariager, Moer, Mariboe, Mesvuade or Musunde, Meldorf, Nord-
strand (Island of), Nastoed, Norderschleuse, Nikioping, Nyborg, Nax-
246 EUROPE.— Denmark, &c. [1837-8.
kow, Neustadt, Odensee, Prastoe, Pellworm (Island), Randers, Ring-
kioping, Rypen, Rudkoping, Ribe, Romoe (Island), Rendsburg, San-
derlioe, Samsoe, Skielskior, Sondeborg, Soendborg, Sieswic, Sylt
(Island), Steege, Schlie, Sudwesthoorn,' Tonningen, Tondern, Totten-
buUspiecker, Travemunde, Udbychog. Wyborg, Wefelslleth, Werdin-
borg, Wullersum, Wyck, Zealand (Island).
RECIPROCITY TREATY.
By O. C, Oct. 15, 1832, it is declared, that His Majesty tlie King of Denmark is one of the
foreign powers with which any reciprocity treaties are subsisting.
As to nature of Reciprocity Law, see page 44.
CONVENTION OF COMMERCE.
The Convention of Commerce with Denmark is dated June 16, 1824,
and is to continue in force ten years, subject to twelve months' notice on
either side in similar manner to that with Sweden, page 241. But by
Article 6 the trade of the Colonies is to remain on the same footing as
heretofore.
As to duties payable at the Sound, see page 243.
By O. C, April 1, 1835, it is declared, that the Danish Government hath fulfilled the before-
mentioned conditions, and that the Danish ships may import into any of the British posses-
sions abroad from the country to which they belong, goods the produce of that country, and
may export goods from such possessions to be carried to any foreign country whatever.^
NOTICE TO MARINERS.
Improvement of Lights on the Coast of Denmark. — (Received from the acting
British Consul at Elsinore.)
The Royal General Custom-House and College of Commerce has communi-
cated to this Custom-House that the lights at Nakkehoved, Gjedserodde, Fak-
kebiorg, and at the Scaw, have been changed from coal fire lights to fixed lamp-
lights.
The said College has further stated, that no change having taken place in the
buildings of the lighthouses, the distance at which the lights are discernible is
not increased, although the additional clearness and improvement in tlie lights
will render them more powerful and perceptible to the eye of the observer.
Krogh.
Oresund Custom-House, Aug. 2, 1835.
Knudsen G. Prosch Bugge.
J. DE C, L, Bketton,
LIGHT-HOUSES, &c.
Elsinore, May 10, 1837. — Sir, I have the honour of reporting to you, for the
information of Viscount Palmerslon, that, according to a notice given by the
General Board of Customs and Trade at Copenhagen, the coal fire of Hammer
Lighthouse, on the north point of the island of Bornholm, is going to be con-
verted into a fixed lamp-light ; and that in consequence the necessary altera-
tions in the lantern vpill be commenced in the month of June next, during the
progress of which operation lamps will be lii;hted every night on the north point
of the said island, for the guidance of the shipping passing that way.
I have the honour to be, &c.
The Hon. W. Fox Strangways, &c. Fkancis C. Macguegor.
Light-House of Hammaren, Bornholm Island. — Information has been
received by His Majesty's Government that the light hitherto produced by a
coal fire in the lighthouse of Hammaren, on the north point of tlie Island of
Bornholm, is about to be replaced by a fixed lij^ht from lamps. The necessary
alterations are to be commenced this month ; but during their progress lamps
will be lighted every night on the north point of the said island for the guidance
of shipping. — Hydrographic Office, Admiralty, June 2, 1837.
Light- Vessel ovv Dragoe. — The following notices for the information of
shipowners trading to the Baltic have been issued by the General Board of Cus-
toms and Trade at Copenhagen, under the date of the 10th of Oct. this year : —
For the greater security of the navigation through that intricate passage called
1837-8.] EUROPE.— Denmark, &c. 247
the Grounds, between the islands of Amaga and Saltholm, on entering the
Sound from the Baltic, a light and pilot vessel will be stationed at the end of
this month ofl'Dragoe. This vessel, which has two masts schooner rigged, and
is painted with red sides and a white cross, will he moored to the south-west,
about 400 fathoms from the Quarbes ground, in a depth of 4^ fathoms, and to
the S. -^ E. (magnetic bearings) thrice eight Danish miles from Dragoe harl)our
and to the E.S.K. thrice sixteen miles from the Landreef Buny. The fiie appa-
ratus consists of nine lamjis, with reverberators placed round the after-mast at
an elevation of twenty-iive Danish feet above the level of the sea. The lamps
will be lighted at the same periods as the other lights on the Danish coast, viz.
in the season from Michaelmas to Kaster half an hour, and in the summer season
from Kaster to Michaelmas one hour after sunset, to be kept burning till sun-
rise. In hazy and fi>ggy weather the ship's bell will be rung, continuing for ten
minutes after an interval of tive minutes. A red flag wul be displayed in the
day-time, and in stormy weather a red sack hoisted on the vessel's fore-top.
Dragoe pilots will be stationed on board of the light vessel, for the purpose of
piloting such ships through the Grounds as may make the usual signals. A
list of the ships which have employed pilots will be published weekly, for the
information otthe Underwriters and Shipowners.
The light and pilot-vessel will remain at her moorings till the 21st of
December, and she will resume her station on the 1st of March of every year,
unless prevented by the ice. — The crew are not allowed any intercourse with
vessels passing the Sound (beyond putting pilots on board) except in cases of
distress or immediate assistance being rei^uired, when such will, if possible, bo
rendered.
(Signed) Francis C. M'Gregok,
Elsineur, Oct. 17, 1837. Her Majesty's Consul in Denmark.
Elsinore. — Account of the number of ships that passed the Sound in the
month of August, 1837: from the North Sea 1040; from the Baltic 900 ; in
all 1949, viz.:
North Sea. Baltic. Total.
. . 275 . . . 609
.. 123 ... 301
. . 118 . . . 255
. . 73 ... 145
. . 63 ... 135
. . 66 ... 133
. . 56 . . . lis
. . 48 . . . 94
. . 25 , . . 36
9 ... 16
1842
MONEYS.
96 SkiUings . = 1 Rigsbank Dollar.
The Rigsbank or Rix-Banco Dollar is divided also into 6 Marks, each of 16
Skillings.
The Danish Dollar is equal to 1^ Hamburg Mark Banco, or to 26. 35 d.
sterling; making the par of exchange with London H. D. 9 10 Sk. per £ ster-
ling, independent of the agio upon the exchange. With the agio at 2 per cent,
the Rix-Banci) Dollar is worth 25. 83 d. sterling.
The chief if not the whole of the exchange business of Copenhagen is trans-
acted through the medium of Hamburg.
Copenhagen gives to London . 9 3.") R. Dollar and Skill, for 1 £ sterling.
,, ,, Amsterdam 195J Rigsb. Dollars . . 250 Florins.
,, ,, Hamburg 204 Ditto 300 Marks Bco.
,, ,, Paris . 35J Skillings .... 1 Franc.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 lb. Danish . = 110.13 lb. Avoirdupois.
100 Viertels . . = 170.08 Imperial Gallons.
100 Lasts, Danish = 57.40 Imperial Lasts.
100 Ells , . . = 68.64 English Yards.
Tate's Modern Cambist.
English .
, 334
Prussian . .
, 178
Norwegian .
, 137
Dutch . . .
72
Swedish . . ,
, 72
Danish .
67
Mecklenburgh .
62
Russian .
50
French . . ,
11
American
7
248
EUROPE.~H0LLA.ND, &c.
[1837-8.
HOLLAND, NETHERLANDS, AND BELGIAN
PORT CHARGES.
Account of Pout Charges for a Vessel, drawing 11 feet English
Cardiif, returning in ballast.
nOTTERDAM.
Pilotage from Sea to Helvoet
Pilotage from to . .
Pilotage from Helvoet to the city . .
Pilotage into the haven ....
Clearing officer at Helvoet for entering the ship
Canal dues .....
for paid the doctor for visiting the crew according to the
quarantine law .....
Sea and river beacon dues ....
Bridge-waiters' fees .....
For noting protest ....
For hire of jilank and skeeds to discharge .
Excise duties on the ship-storos
For the last-bill and measuring
For indorsing the last-bill
Inward tonnage duties 107 ton, 45 cs. per ton, and 13 add.
Outward do. do. 107 ton, 45 cs. per ton, and 13 do.
Harbour dues .....
Extra harbour dues inward \ , . .
Do. do. outward \ . , .
For endorsing the ship's clearances . .
For endorsing the cockets ....
Fin' in and outward clearances ....
Hire of skeeds and plank to load . . .
The pilot lor conducting the ship to the river
The commissary of the pilot- office . . •
For ballast 30 last . , . .
For advertisement in the newspapers .
The shipping-master as per bill ....
The muster-rull .....
The noiary as per hill .....
The translator .....
The consulate ....
Charter-party and stamps . » . .
The stevador ......
Manifest ......
Tide-waiter ......
Quarantine certificate ....
Contribution towards the fund of the Life-boat Society, 1 ct. per
ton ....
Postage of letters and petty charges
Our commission for attending the ship's business
Ditto for procuring the outward freight
from
/. 40
28
3
6
13
IG
12
26
/•
Cash advanced,
Brokerage, 75 cents per ton. Dutch measurement, if no freight
be collected, or 2i per cent, on the amount of freight, if freight
be collected, and remittances be made for the balance: — this
includes guaranteeing bills.
Canal dues, outward .....
Pilotage to Helvoet, 8 feet . . . . 17
Pdotage from Helvoet to sea . . . .14
Clearance at Helvoet ..... 4
Rotterdam, 10th Sept., 1837.
Correspondent of " Journal of Trade. '^
40
05
33
CO
50
67
60
GO
41
41
81
25
80
60
05
50
75
1837-8.]
EUROPE.— Holland, &c.
249
to
Port Charges, contimied, viz. : —
Account of Pout Charges for a Ship, drawing 15 feet English, from tlio
United States, returning in ballast.
ROTTERDAM.
Pilotage from sea to Helvoet . .
Pilotiif>e from to
Pilotage from HelvoL't to the city .
Pilotage into the haven
Clearing ofKcer at Helvoet for entering the ship
Canal dues . ...
for paid the doctor for visiting the crew according
the quarantine law
Coast and river beacon dues > .
Bridge-waiters' fees . .
For noting protest «...
For hire of plank and skeeds to discharge
Excise duties on the ship-stores . .
For the last-bill and measuring .
For endorsing the last-bill .
Inward tonnage duties 387 ton, 45 cs. per ton, and 13" add.
Outward do. do. 387 ton, 45 cs. per ton, and 13" add.
Lights and buoyage on the coast and harbour dues
Extra harbour dues inward | . .
Do. do. outward J , .
For endorsing the ship's clearances . .
For endorsing the cockets .
For in and outward clearances . .
Hire for skeeds and plank to load
The pilot for conducting the ship to the river
The commissary of the pilot-office
For ballast last . . .
For advertisement in the newspapers .
The shipping-master as per bill
The muster-roll ....
The notary as per bill
The translator ....
The consulate ....
Charter-party and stamps . .
The stevador ....
Manifest ....
Tide-waiter ....
Quarantine certificate
Contribution towards the fund of the Life-boat Society, 1 ct
per ton ....
Postages of letters and petty charges
Our commission for attending the ship's business
Ditio for procuring the outward freight
/
Cash advanced,
Brokerage, 50 cents per ton, Dutch measurement, if no freight
be collected, or 2^ per cent, on the amount of the freiglit, it
freight be collected, and. remittances be made for the balance :
this includes guaranteeing bills.
Canal dues, outwards, 387 tons . . . . 5S 60
Pilotage to Helvoet, 13 feet . . . . 40 10
Pilotage from Helvoet to sea .... 32
Clearance at Helvoet ..... C
Rotterdam, 10th Sept., 1837.
Cvrrespundent of '' Journal of Trade,"
92
48
5
10
108
26
89
4
10
7
15
196
196
36
17
21
208
60
50
01
60
60
45
60
79
79
45
50
05
50
80
250
EUROPE.— Holland, &c.
[1837-8.
•}
242
50
67
30
6
^ ^
10
161
51
137
60
'4
60
9
, ,
15
30
;;
60
232
38
232
38
42
75
19
"
;;
80
12
40
21
, ,
Port Charges, continued, viz. : —
Account of Pout Chargks for a Ship from India, drawing 18| feet
English, returning in ballast.
ROTTERDAM.
Pilotage from sea to Helvoet . . . . /.
Pilotage from to
Pilotage from Helvoet to the city-
Pilotage into the haven
Clearing officer at Helvoet for entering the ship
Canal dues
for paid the doctor for visiting the crew according to
the quarantine law . . ,
Sea and river beacon dues and lights
Bridge-waiters' fees . .
For noting protest
For hire of plank and skeeds to discharge
Excise duties on the ship-stores .
For the last-bill and measuring . .
For endorsing the last-bill
Inward tonnage duties 457 ton, 45 cs. per ton, and 13° add,
Outward do. do. 457 ton, 45 cs. per ton, and 13" do.
Harbour dues . . .
Extra harbour dues inward |
Do. do. outward \
For endorsing the ship's clearances
For endorsing the cockets
For in and outward clearances ,
Hire of skeeds and plank to load
The pilot for conducting the ship to the river
The commissary of the pilot-office
For ballast 109 last ..... 223
For advertisement in the newspapers
The shipping master as per bill
The muster-roll
The notary as per bill extending protest
The translator
The consulate . .
Charter-party and stamps
Thestevador . .
Manifest
Tide-waiter ...... 35
Quarantine certificate . .
Contribution towards the fund of the Life-boat Society, 1 ct.
per ton ......
Postages of letters and petty charges
Our commission for attending the ship's business ,
Ditto for procuring the outward freight
/■
Cash advanced.
Brokerage, 50 cents, per ton,Dutch measurement, if no freight be
collected, or 2^ per cent, on the amount of freight, if freight be
collected, and remittances be made for the balance : this in-
cludes guaranteeing bills.
Canal duties, outwards, 457 tons, ... 60
Pilotage to Helvoet, 14 feet .... 38
Pilotage to sea . . . . .40
Clearance at Helvoet . . . . .16
Rotterdam, 10th Sept., 1837.
Correspondent of " Journal of Trade."
35
80
20
1837-8.] EUROPE.— Holland, &c. 2S1
HOLLAND.
Principal Ports* — Amsterdam, Appinsfdam, Alckmaer, Revcland
(Islands of), Brouvvershoven, Briel, Borselyn, Catwyk, Delfszyl, Dordt
or Dortrecht, Dell'tshavcn, Dorcum, Derventer, Edam, Eiikhuizem,
Flushin<?, Gronin<i!;on, Goosor Tert^oes, Gorcum, HarUii<:;en, Helvoetsluys,
Hoorn, Helder, Ho<jesaiul, Hardervvyck, Klumlert, Leuwarden, Mid-
dlebur<v, Mcdemblik, Purmercnd, Rotterdam, Schiedam, Schursnon,
Schevcling, Schowen (Island). Sneeck, Sluys, Termunterziel, Teerveer,
Texel (Island), Ter<>oes or Tergouw, Verringcn, Vecndam, Vlessingen-
Utrecht, Worciim, Williamstadt, Zierickzee, ZwoUe, Zaardara or Saar-
dam, Zuidbrock. — [Mr. A. S. Preston, Commercial Agent]. See Adver-
tisements.
EXCHANGE.
Rotterdam, Sept. 15, 1837. — Average rates of Exchange, from July 1, 1836,
to June 30, 1837.
Cents. Cents.
9 3j
London . 2 months . f.11.92 ^ sight , f. 12.01 p per £ sterling.
Hamburg ditto . 35.06 -^ ditto . 35 .33 —— per 40 Marks.
loo-l 1064
Paris . . ditto . 56.35 -—-(litto . 56.67 -—^, rer 120 Francs.
lob4 l(jo4
Bordeaux . ditto . 56.08 -^ ditto . 56.33 -?^ per 120 Francs.
Frankfort . 6 weeks . 35 . 72
Correspo7ident of " Journal of Traded
PRICE OF WHEAT.
Amsterdam, Oct. 23, 1837. — The highest quotation of Zealand white wheat
of the first quality at Amsterdam is 232 florins the last, which equals 37«. 5(/.
the quarter, and the mean price of Avheat of the first quality in London being
60s. the quarter, it follows that wheat is 60| per cent, dearer in London than at
Amsterdam. — Private Correspondent.
BELGIUM.
Principal Ports. — Antwerp, Bruges, Brussels, Ghent, Hasegras,
Heyst, Louvain, Malines or Mechlin, Nieuport, Ostend.
CURRENCY.
Project of Law. — Leopold, King of the Belgians, to all present and to
come, greeting. Seeing the law of June 5, 1832 (No. 442) — considering that in
the present state of monetary legislation, and the constantly high price of the
metal, the fabrication of gold coin is impossible without loss to the Treasury —
considering that the dignity of the country and a wise precaution both require
this state of things to be remedied : —
On the report of our Minister of Finance, we have decreed and decree the pro-
ject of law of the following tenour shall be presented in our name to the Chamber
of Representatives by our Minister of Finance : —
Art, 1. By a modification of the existing law of June 5, 1832, there shall be
coined gold pieces of the value of 10, 25, 50, and 100 francs.
2. The diameter of each of these pieces is fixed as follows: — 10 franc pieces,
17 miUimetres ; 25 franc pieces, 22 millimetres; 50 franc pieces, 28 millimetres;
100 franc pieces, 33 millimetres.
* Oct. 21, 1837. — In the list of countries and ports sent for the official guidance of the officers of
customs some of the ports formerly classed as Ijelonging to the Netherlands are placed as
above. In a letter, however, from a high official functionary there, Rotterdam is still included
as part of the Netherlands, — Ed.
252 EUROPE.— Netherlands. [1837-8.
3. The weight of the 25 franc pieces shall be 7 grammes and 9G9 mille-
grammes. That of the other pieces in proportion.
4. No change is made in the standard, the tolerance of the standard, or the
tolerance of the weight of the gold coin fixed by articles 8^ 10, and 11, of the said
monetary law of Ihe 5th of June, 1832.
5. Henceforward no articles of gold shall be received at the Exchange-offices
of the Mint, and no gold shall be coined without the authority of the King.
6. The Government will fix the time when the 5 and 10 florin pieces of the
Netherlands shall cease to be legally current in Belgium.
Given at Brussels, the Sth of October, 1837.
By the King, Leopold.
The Minister of Finance, E. Huart,
PRICE OF WHEAT.
Oct. 23, 1837.— The highest quotation of red wheat of the first quality at
Antwerp is 9f florins current the hectolitre, which is equivalent to 40s. 6d. the
quarter, and the highest quotation of red wheat in London being 58i. the quarter,
it follows that wheat is 43|^ per cent, dearer in London than at Antwerp. — Ed.
PILOTAGE AND LIGHTS.
By T. O., May 31, 1836, Beljjian vessels under f!0 tons burthen are exempted from taking a
pilot on board lo conduct them into or from any of the ports of the United Kingdom, and
allowed to enter the ports of the United Kingdom on paymentof the same cliargesfor lights,
&c. as British vessels.
NETHERLANDS.
DECREE,
Englifili Goorf.s'.— William, by the grace of God, King of the Nether-
lands, Prince of Orange Nassau, Grand Duke of Luxemburg, &c. &c.
Article 1. All goods, which after the 14th instant shall be imported
from the United Kingdom of Great Britain, by ships under English
colours, shall provisionally be considered and treated, in respect of duties,
as if the importation had been made by a Netherland ship.
This provisional arrangement shall not be considered as definitive
until the treaty of commerce shall be concluded.
Exception. — 2. This equalization does not extend to such goods, of
which the importation under the Netherland tlag is specially favoured
by the general law, or by tiie tariff of duties inwards or outwards.
Given at the Hague, August 11, 1824.
Countervailing Duty. — By Order in Council, dated .January 30, 1826,
His Majesty doth order, that there shall be levied upon all vessels belong-
ing to the United Netherlands, which shall enter any of the ports of the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, such additional or coun-
tervailing duty of tonnage as after-mentioned; that is to say, upon every
such Netherland vessel which shall so enter the said ports, a duty of one
pound thirteen shillings and fourpence, upon each ton burthen of the
vessel, which, upon her clearing out from any such port for any port in
the kingdom of the United Netherlands, shall be actually occupied and
employed in the carriage and exportation of salt, the tonnage or burthen
so made subject to such additional or countervailing duty being deemed
to be equivalent to the number of tons of the weight of salt, ascertained
prior to the shipment thereof.
Whereas higher and other duties are levied in the ports of the United
Netherlands on certain goods when imported in Britisli ships than when
imported in Netherland ships, His Majesty does therefore, under the
authority of the act, order, that upon all goods imported into the United
Kingdom in Netherland ships, from and after the date of this order,
there shall be levied, in addition to the existing duties otherwise payable
upon the importation of such goods, a further duty, amounting to' one-
filth part of such existing duties.
1837-8.1
EUROPE.— Netherlands.
253
Salt — By Order in Council, February 18, 1820, bond is required to be
given for all foreign vessels owned in whole or in part by subjects of the
Netherlands, or which shall not be ships of any other country duly owned
and navigated as such, exportinc^salt to countries other than the Nether-
lands, to deliver such salt at the places for which such vessel shall respec-
tively clear out, and to produce a certiQcate from the British consul for
the due landinij: of such salt.
liock Suit. — By Order in Council, April 3, 1828, directions are given
to suspend, until further order, the operation of His Majesty's Order in
Council of the 30th January, 182G, for levying an additional duty on
Netherland vessels exporting salt, so far as respects the article of rock
salt.
As to nature of Reciprocity Law, see page 44.
£. s.
(/.
0 IG
8
0 8
4
0 1
8
0 0
5
0 0
2
0 0
1
0 0
0|
0 0
OtV
MONEYS, WEIGHTS, AND MEASURES, NOW IN USE IN THE
KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS.
MONEYS.
Rotterdam, Oct. 6, 1837. — Accounts are kept in Florins or Guilders (guldens),
and Cents.
The Florin, at the exchange of r2f. per £ sterling, is ecpial to 1 shilling and
8 pence English.
The new current coins are: —
The Gold William, or Ten Guilder Piece, equal to .
,, Half ditto, or Five ditto . . .
The Silver Guilder or Florin of 1(J0 cents
, , Quarter ditto, or Tweutj^-five Cent. Piece .
, , Dubbeltje, or Ten Cent. Piece .
, , Stiver . or Five ditto .
The Copper Cent. .....
,, Half ditto ....
Besides these the following old coins, which, though intended to be super-
seded by the above-mentioned new decimal monetary system, established in 1820,
have nut yet been recalled, are consequently still current : —
The Gold Ryder of 14f. equal to
,, Half ditto of 7f. ....
K. B. Tliese two coins are now rarely met with.
, , Ducat of 5f. 25c. but variable . .
The Silver Diicatoon of 3f. l:")c.
,, Half ditto, of If. 57^c. . . .
, , Real and Rixdollar of o2 stivers, with its subdivisions
into half, quarter, and eighth parts. 2f. 60c.
, , Holland Rixdollar of 50 stivers, subdivided into il
half and fourth parts, 2f. 50c. .
,, Three Guilder Piece, 3f. . .
, , Two Guilder Piece, 2f. .
,, Daalder, or Thirty Stiver Piece, If. 50c. .
,, Guilder. or Twenty Stiver riece, If. .
, , Half ditto, or Ten Stiver Piece, 50c.
,, Twent^'-eight Stiver Piece, If. 40c. .
,, Eight Stiver Piece, 40c. .
,, Schelling of six Stivers, and Zestbalf of 5^ Stivers,
now both legally reduced to the value of 5 stivers,
25c. .....
,, Dubbeltje or Two Stiver Piece, 10c.
,, Stiver of eight Duiten, 5c.
K. B. The o'ltl copper Duit (tlie eighth part of a stiver) is no longei
Accotmts were formerly kept in Guilders, Stivers, and Doits, as follows
1 Guilder = 20 Stivers.
1 Stiver = 8 Dolts.
1
3
4
0
11
8
0
8
9
0
5
3
0
2
7i
0 4 4
0
4
2
0
5
0
0
3
4
0
2
6
0
1
8
0
0
10
0
2
4
0
0
8
0
0
5
0
0
2
0
0
1
current.
254
EUROPE.— Netherlands.
[1837-8.
The pound Flemish was also used with the same proportions as the pound
sterling ; for example : —
] Pound Flemish = 20 Schellings, or 6 Guilders.
1 Schelling = 12 Groats, or 6 Stivers.
Several kinds of grain are still sold by the pound Flemish, and the course of
Exchange on London is also sometimes quoted in Schellings and Groats
Flemish; for instance, 40 jS 4 | (40 4) instead of 12f. 10c.
The Weights and Measures correspond exactly to those now in use in France,
according to the metrical and decimal system thence borrowed and introduced
into the Netherlands in 1820.
WEIGHTS.
The Netherlands pound (pond) is equal to the French killogramme, and con-
tains 2 — — English Imperial Pounds.
4,534,148 '^ *^
It is subdivided into the ounce (ons), or tenth part, corresponding to the
French Hectogramme ; the Lood, or hundredth part, corresponding to the
French Decagramme ; the Wigtje, or thousandth part, corresponding to the
French Gramme : and the Korrel, or ten thousandth part, corresponding to the
French Decigramme.
Comparison of the Netherlands, or French weights, with those of England ;
Netherlaiuls.
Fiance.
En^'land.
Pond . . or .
Killogramme
. 15434 grains.
Ons . . .
Hectogramme .
1543.4
Lood
Decagramme
154.34
Wigtje . .
. Gramme
15.434
Korrel .
. Decigramme
1.5434
508 Netherlands Pounds
= 1121 English Imperial Pounds.
1 , , Last
= 2000 Netherlands Pounds.
1 , , Ton
= 1000 dit
MEASURES.
Long Pleasure.
to ditto.
Netherlands.
France.
England.
Mijl . . or .
. Kilometre .
3937.1 inches.
Roede .
Decametre .
393.71
Elle ...
. Metre . . .
39.371
Palm . .
Decimetre .
3.9371
Duim . . .
. Centimetre .
0.39371
Streep .
Millimetre .
0.039371
0.91438348 Netherlands Ell
or French Metre = 1
Square Measure.
English Imperial yard.
Vierkante Bunder , or .
, Hectare . ,
395.5 perches.
, , Roede .
Deeare ....
39.55 ditto.
,, Kile . . .
Metre carre .
10.7644 square feet.
,, Paim . . .
Decimetre . .
15.5 00 square inches
,, Duim .
Centimetre . .
1.550 ditto.
, , Streep . . .
Millimetre .
0.155 ditto.
1 Bunder = 2,471143 English Imp
erial Acres.
Cubic Measure.
Kubick Elle or .
Stere ou Metre Cub
e 35.3170 cubic feet.
, , Palm
Decistere
. 3.5317 ,,
, , Duim
Centistere
. 0.35317 ,,
, , Streep
. Millistere
0.035317 ,,
The measure for fireM'ood is
called Wisse (cordo), ii
istead of Kubick Elle.
The ton for the measuremeni
of ships is equal to the
Dry Measure.
Kubick Elle.
Muddeor Zak or .
Hectolitre .
2.8379 bushels.
Schepel . . .
. Decalitre
0.28379
Kop . . .
. Litre . . . .
0.028379
Maatje . . «
. Decilitre . . .
0.0028379
1837-S.j EUROPE.— Netherlands. 255
A Last is 30 Mudden or Zakken.
2.907813 Netherlands Mudden = 1 English Imperial Quarter.
1 ditto Last = 1072 ditto ditto.
Liquid Measure.
Vat . . . or . . Hectolitre . . . 26.419 gallons of wine.
Kan . . . . Litre .... 0.26419
Maatje . . . Decilitre . . . 0. 02641 9
Vingerhoed . . Centilitre . . . 0.0026419
4.54315794 Netherlands Kannen = 1 English Imperial Gallon.
Troy Weight.
1 Pound = 2 Marks = 0.4921677 Netherlands pounds,
1 Mark = 8 Ounces = 0,2460839 ditto ditto.
1 Ounce = 20 Engels = 0.0307605 ditto ditto.
1 Engel = 32 Azen = 0.0015380 ditto ditto.
Medicinal Weight.
1 Pound = 12 Ounces = 375 Netherlands wegtje.
1 Ounce = 8 Drams = 31.25 ditto ditto.
1 Dram = 8 Scruples = 3.906 ditto ditto.
1 Scruple = 20 Grains = 1.302 ditto ditto.
1 Grain = 0.065 ditto ditto.
Rhineland Measure,
1 Rood = 12 Feet.
1 Foot = 12 Inches.
1 Inch = 12 Lines.
100 Netherland Ells equal to 26.5438 Rhineland Roods, or 26 roods, 6 inches,
3. 7 lines Rhineland Measure.
100 Rhineland Roods = 376.7358 Netherlands Ells.
Proportions of the new to the old IVeighls and Bleasures.
New Netherlands Pound == 2.023921 old Amsterdam Pounds.
,, Last = 0.998698 ,, Last.
,, Lood = 0.648 ,, Lood.
,, Ell = 0.264 Rhineland Roods.
,, Square Ell = 10.145858 ,, Square Eeet.
,, Cubic Ell =32.31714 ,, Cubic Feet.
,, Bunder (hutan) = 1.174289 ,, Morgen (Ain).
,, Mudde = 1 .198437 old Amsterdam Sacks.
,, ,, = 0.898S28 ditto Mudde of 4 Schepels.
,, Schepel = 0.359531 ditto Schepels.
,, Vat = 2.576921 old Ankers of 16 Stoops.
,, Kan = 0.412307 old Amsterdam Stoops.
,, Pound = 2.031827 Pounds Troy, or 2 pounds,
10 engels, and 5,91 azeu Troy VVeight.
Correspondent of '■ The Ytarhj Journal of Traded
AUSTRIA.
RECIPROCITY TREATY.
By O. C, Oct. 15, 1832, it is declared, tliat His Majesty tlie Emperor of Austria is one of the
foreign powers with which any recijirocily treaties are subsisting.
By (). (^, April 7. 1830, it shall bo lawful for Austrian ships to import from the dominions of
His Majesty the Emperor of Austria into any of the British possessions abroad, goods the
produce of such dominions, and to export goods from such British possessions abroad, to be
carried to any foreign country whatever.
As to nature of Reciprocity Law, see page 44.
CONVENTION OF COMINIERCE.
The convention Avith Austria is dated December 21, 1829, and is to
be in force until the 18th day of March, 1836 ; and further, until the
end of twelve months after either of the high contracting parties shall
have given notice to the other of its intention to terminate the same;
256 EUROPE— Austria. [1837-8.
each reserving to itself the right of giving such notice to the other, on,
or at any time after the said 18th day of March, 1836 ; and it is agreed
between them, that, at the expiration of twelve months after such notice
shall have been received by either party from the other, this convention,
and all the provisions thereof, shall altogether cease.
German Book Trade. — The 1837 IVIichaelmas catalogue of the Leipsic fair
has just appeared, and comprises 3,480 new works and 58 maps, &c. The
number of publishers who have ushered this mass of letter-press to the world is
551 ; and as some readers may be curious to know the names of the firms that
have catered most lar}i;ely for the reading part of their countrymen, the names
are };iven of a i'ew of the principal booksellers, with the number of new works
published by them during the six months just ended : — Base, of Quidleribur}:^,
62 ; Cotta, of Stuttgart, 49 ; Reinier, of Berlin, 49 ; Manz, of Ratisbon, 46 ;
Metzler, of Stuttgart, 40 ; Brockaus, of Leipsic, 44 ; Schubothe, of Copenhagen,
35 ; Franz, of Munich, 32 ; Max and Co., of Breslau, 30, &c. The Prussian
Slate Gazette fills two of its large columns with a list of the most interesting of
these publications. — Ed.
MONEYS.
60 Kreuzers = 1 Florin.
A Rixdollar is 1^ Florins or 99 Kreuzers; it is a nominal money used in
exchanges, but not in accounts.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 Pfund or Pounds = 123.52 lb. Avoirdupois.
100 Eimers . . =1245.78 Imperial Gallons.
100 Metzen . . = 21 .15 Imperial Quarters.
100 Ells . . . = 85.21 English Yards.
Tate^s Modern Cambist,
HANSEATIC TOWNS.
Principal Ports. — Bremen, Cuxhaven, Franckfort, Hamburg, Lubec.
RECIPROCITY TREATY.
By O. C, Oct. 15, 1832, it is declared, that reciprocity treaties are subsisting with Bremen
Fiauklort, Hamburg, and Lubec.
As to nature of Reciprocity Law, see page 44,
CONVENTION OF COMMERCE.
The Convention of Commerce with these places is dated Sept. 29, 1835,
and is to be in force for ten years, subject to twelve months' notice on
either side, in similar manner to that mentioned under Sweden, p. 241.
Cologne. — At the Mansion-house, London, Nov. 16, 1837, a depu-
tation from the merchants of Cologne waited upon the Lord Mayor with
the address unanimously agreed to by them, upon taking advantage of
the opportunity which presented itself of reviving the intercourse between
this country and the upper provinces of the Rhine, which had been
closed against trade for upwards of three hundred years. By the late
regulations, the English had been 'permitted to travel up the Rhine
without being subjected to the payment of the duty, which in effect
amounted to prohibition, and the Cologne merchants were determined
to avail themselves of the change thus established in our commercial
relations, and agreed to the following address, which their representatives
handed, in a gilt velvet cover, to the Lord Mayor: —
" My Lord — In the flourishing days of the Hanse-towns, the citizens of
Cologne were wont to feel at home in London, in (iuildhall and Steel-yard,
their ships mooring iu the Thames. lu later times the power of incidents has
loosened the ties which united tlie cities. London rose, and grew the gigantic
emporium ibr the commerce of the world, while the thirty years' war annihilated
the commercial life of all our German markets. The barriers of the Nether-
lands obstructed the Rhine, and no longer was our flag seen on our onco fie-
(^uented seas.
183;-8.] EUROPE.— Hanseatic Towns, 257
" The realm of Charlemagne— this realm of a thousand years — smik, and the
dismembered German states strove in contest with France, until that glorious
(lay when the eagles of our father land, united with the lions of Great Britain,
crushed the head of tyranny at Waterloo.
" At present a new life is awake ou the Rhine: protected hy ealii;;htcued go-
vernments, commerce and iuilustry increase, and luuler the mighty shield of
that German treaty of commerce called ' Zoll. Verein,' a becoming place in the
commercial world is secured to Germany.
•' After tl;e lajise of three centuries the flag of Cologne re-appears in London,
on a vessel adapted for the navigation both of rivers and of the sea, destined to
reanimate a direct intercourse.
" The Rheuish commerce, till now monopolised hy the Dutch, has proved
the chief source of their wealth ; therefore it may be snjierfluous to dwell upon
the importance of an undeitaUing calculated to turn this commerce into an
easier clumnel, hy lessening the distance hetweeu the market of Loudon and the
rich territory of a stream which, being navigalile from the foot of the Alps to
the sea, uiay be looked upon as the key of wealthy provinces, and, within a
few years, of stiil more extensive and not less important regions, when, by the
new Bavarian channel, the river Maine will be joined with the Danube.
" Your Lo:dship's native country seems inclined to adopt more liberal prin-
ciples of commerce, and the time may not be far off when the national interest
of Gnat Britain will lead to a reform of the Coru Bill, and a reduction of the
duties on different articles of foreign produce and industry. A lively intercourse
will arise and grow only where nations exchange their necessaries and their
riches, and the system of prohibition, far from pronroting national industry,
will more and more appear to be an inctnnbrance to the people.
*■ Cologne is, by its relations, as well as by its situation, a staple for the
transmarine commerce of Germany, the importaiice of which may be computed
hy the fact tliat the quantity of sugar consumed by our refiners exceeds twenty
millions of pounds' weight a year. By the convention of commerce between the
crowns of Great Britain and Prussia a most essential preference has been se-
cured to our flag above that of the Netlierlands ; and, as inhabitants of the
banks of the river Rhine, we are, in comparison with all others, advantageously
favoured by the Rhenish act of navigation.
'* Thus our present enterprise seems to be so well timed, and so much an-
swering the interest of both cities, that we venture to recommend it to your lord-
ship's protection.
" As a token of oiu" personal esteem, and in remembrance of the glorious
days of the Hanse Towns, we beg leave to present to your lorddiip, by our first
ship, a choice prothice of German wine. May it please yoia- lordship to devote,
in our name, a cup of this wine to the weal of the city of London, and at the
same time to tiiink of om- city, so long befriended by yours, and which,
for eighteen centuries, has been held by the hand of the Almighty above the
ebbing course of time. — Your lordship's most humble and obedient servants, the
commission of the Cologne Schiffiihrtswerein.
" C. H. Heeic, " J. F. Zangen,
" Simon Ofpenheim, " Reuss-Zaefferer,
" Clement Schmit, " J. A. Boekkr.
« Cologne, Sept. 30, 1837."
The Lord Mayor expressed, in appropriate language, his feeling at
the high compliment paid to the citizens of London in his person, and
hailed it as a circmiistance likely to be of mutual advantage to London
and Cologne, that after the cessation of commercial intercourse for the
preceding 300 years, there would be a revival of the trade between the
two countries. He trusted that the intercourse would long continue to
exist, and had not a doubt that hy means of moderate prices and the
facilities of steam navigation, the benefits arising from the change would
be reciprocal.
The deputation stated that they thought his lordship would be much
pleased with the quality of the Rhenish wine which they presented for
his lordship's acceptance : it was of the finest kind.
s
258 EUROPE.— Hanseatic Towns. [1837-8.
The Lord Mayor said that if the Lord Mayor's and Sheriffs" dinner
were not to take place so soon, he should bo most happy to take the
company's opinion on the subject. — Ed.
BREMEN. •
MONEYS.
'5 Schwareu = 1 Grote.
72 Giotes = 1 RixdoUar.
The Rixdollar is valued in gold, from the old French and German Louis d'or,
at the rate of 5 Rixdollars to 1 Louis d'or. Taking the value of this Louis d'or
at 16«. fif/. sterling, the value of the Bremen Rixdollar is 3?. SAd.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 lb. of Bremen = 109.86 lb. of Avoirdupois,
The Ahm of 44 Stubchen = 30.74 Lnporial Gallons.'
The Last of Corn = 9.78 Imperial Quarters.
100 Bremen Ells = G3.29 English Yards.
Tate's Modern Cambist.
L U B E C.
MONEYS.
12 Pfennings = 1 Schilling.
16 Schillings = 1 Mark.
The value of this money of account is the same as that of Hamburg currency,
the Cologne Mark weight of fine silver being valued at 34 Marks of Lubcc.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES;
100 lb. of Lubec . . = 106.85 lb. Avoirdupois.
100 Viertels . . . = 159.35 Imperial Gallons.
The Last of Corn . . = 11.03 Imperial Quarters.
The Ell . . . . = 22.91 Enghsh Inches.
Tate^s Modern Cambist.
FRANKFORT.
. . MONEYS.
10 Kreuzers = 1 Rixdollar.
A Rixdollar is 1^ Florin. A Florin is 60 Kreuzers or 15 Batzen, the Batz
being 4 Kreuzers. A Kreuzer is 4 Hellers.
A Reichsthaler, or Rixdollar, is a dollar of account, and is 3-4ths of a species-
dollar, or a dollar in coin. The latter is 2 Florins.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 ib. heavy weight ' = 111.42 lb. Avoirdupois.
100 lb. light weight = 103.16 ditto.
100 Malters . , . = 39.45 Imperial Quarters.
100 Viertels . .. = 157.83 Imperial Gallons.
100 Ells . . . = 59.85 English Yards.
Tate's Modern Cambist,
HAMBURG.
MONEYS.
12 Pfennings = 1 Schilling.
16 Schillings = 1 Mark.
3 Marks or 48 Schillings are called, in exchanges, a Rixdollar.
There are two valuations of Hamburg, otherwise Lubec money; the one called
Banco, and the other Currency.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 Marks . . = 751§ oz. Troy.
100 lb.
100 Viertels
100 Lasts
100 Ells .
106.82 lb. Avoirdupois.
159.35 Imperial Gallons.
108.85 Imperial Lasts.
62.66 Yards.
Tale's Modern Cambitt.
1837-8.] EUROPE.— Mecklendurgh, Hanover. 259
PRICE OF GOLD.— EXCHANGES, &c.
Oct. 1 8, 18.37. — By advices from Ilamlniif^ the price of j^oUl is 4.36^ per mark,
which, at the Eiit^lish Mint price of 3/. I7s. iO^d the ounce for starulard {,'ohl,
•;ives iin excliung^e of 1,3. 103, aud the exchange at Hamburg on London at
short being 13. 10|, it follows that gold is the same price at Hamburg as in
London. — Eil.
I'RICE OF WHEAT.
Oct. 23, 1837. — The highest quotation of white wheat of the first quality at
Hamburgh is 93 rixdoUais current, the last, which answers to 30s. Id. the quarter,
and the highest quotation of rt-d wheat of the fir.'^t quality is 'J4 rixdollars current,
the last, which answers to 28s. IQd. the quarttr, and therefore the mean price at
Hamburg of white and red wheat together is 2!)4-. CuL tlie quarter. The highest
quotation of white wheat of the fiist quality in London is ()2s. the quarter, and
the highest quotation of red wheat of the iirst quality is 58s. the quarter, and ■
therefore the mean price in London of white and red wheat together is GOs. the
quarter. It appears, therefore, that wheat is l()3g per cent, dearer in London
than in Hamburg, and that with the sum of o/. a man may buy HiJ bushels of
wheat at Hamburg, whereas with the same sum he can buy only 8 bushels in
London. — Ed.
MECKLENBURGH.
Principal Por^s.— Rostock, AVismar.
HANOVER.
Principal Ports. — Accummersiel, Aschendorf, Altenbvauch, Buxte-
hude," Bremerlehe, Blumenthal, Bremervoorde, Brensursiel, Carolinen-
siel, Dovnummersiel, Euiden, Essens, Friebor<i-, Grohn, Geeste, Gees-
tendorff, Greetsiel, Halte, Harljurg, Harlingerziel, Heiiekietgodens, Jem- - f^
p^um, Innhauzersiel, Leer or Lehr, Neyhus, Norden, Necsummersiel,
Neuliarlingersie!, Oldersum, Ottcndorf, Papenborg, Raudervelin, Ren-
nebide or Ranebeck, Rutzebuttc, Stade, Vegesack, Weender, Wester .-
Accummersiel.
RECIPROCITY TREATY.
ItyO. C. Oct. 15, 1832, it is declaveil, that His Majesty the Kiu^' of Ilauover is one of tile
foreign powers with which any reciprocity treaties are subsisting.
The declaration of Great Britain and Hanover respecting Reciprocity
of Commerce is dated June 12, 1824. It is not limited as to duration,
but His Britannic Majesty engages to extend to the subjects and ship-
ping of the kingdom of Hanover all the beneiits secured by convention
to the shipping and commerce of Prussia, upon the principles of recipro-
city which ibrm the basis of the said convention.
As to nature of Reciprocity Law, see page 44.
OLDENBURG.
Principal Por^v.— Brake, ElsUeth, Hooksiel, Hornummersiel, Hunte,
Jever, Jahde, Kniphausen, Mariansiel, Rustersiel, Sirohausen, Steen-
hausen, Varel.
FRANCE.
. Principal Por/v.— Auray, Abbeville, Bordeaux, Boulogne, Bayonne,
Brest, Beauvoir, Bartlcur, Bastia, Calais, Candebec, Charentc, Caen,
Cherbourg, Carentun, Canealo, Conciuet, Camaret, Croisie, Crotoy, Cette,
Dieppe, Dunknk, D^Omonville, Devise, Dialette, Estaples, Fecamp,
Guildo, Graveliues, Granville, Havre de Grace, Honfleur, Ilardeur,
Isigny, L'Oricnt, Landerman, Lanniou, La Hogue, Luo, Maraus, Mor-
(♦•
^
260 EUROPE.— France. [1837-8.
laix, Marseilles, Nantes, Nonnentievs, Oleron, Paimpol, Pont L'Abbe,
Port Vendre, Pontrieux, Quimper, Rouen, Rochelle, Rochfort, Roche-
bernard, Roscof, Regnville, Sables D"01onne, St. Servan, St. Brieux.
St. Jean de Luz, St. Malocs, St. Martin, St. Vallery, Teste, Treguir,
Tremblade, Treport, Treuville, Toulon, Vallery or St. Vallery, Vannes.
CONVENTION OF COMMERCE.
The Convention of Commeree with France for the assimilation of du-
ties on the vessels and goods of either country is dated Jan. 26, 1826,
and is to be in force for ten years from April 5, 1826, subject to twelve
months' notice on either side, in similar manner to that with Prussia.
By two additional articles, the convention is extended to all the colonies
of the two powers.
RECIPROCITY TREATY.
By O. C, Oct. 15, 1832, it is declared, that His M.ajesty the King of the French 13 one of tho
foreiyu powers with which any reciprocity treaties are subsisting.
As to the nature of Reciprocity Law, see p. 44.
TERRITORIES.
The kingdom of France, at the restoration of the Bourbons, by the
first treaty of Paris, on the 30th May, 1814, received its ancient boun-
daries of 1st .Jan. 1792, with regard to its European territory; and,
therefore, only gained the once papal territory of Avignon, with some
enclaves, in what were formerly the circles of the German empire, be-
yond the status quo at the beginning of the reign of Louis XVI. Of
the foreign possessions, as compared with those of 1792, a considerable
loss was experienced by St. Domingo having, in the mean time, erected
itself into the independent kingdom of Hayti. The islands of Tobago
and St. Lucie, besides those of Sechelles and Mauritius, were likewise
given up to England. Louis XVIII. , the brother of Louis XVI., who,
immediately on ;the decease of his nephew, Louis XVII., whilst a pri-
soner in the Temple at Paris, on the 8th June, 1 795, received the title
of King, and who had rejected the repeated offers of Napoleon to induce
him to renounce his pretensions to the throne, assumed the government
in 1814 — 16th Sept. 1824. In the interval, in consequence of the re-
turn of Napoleon from Elba, and the necessarily-i-enewed exertions of
the united powers of Europe, France lost by the second peace of Paris,
on 20th Nov. 1815, to Prussia, the territories of Saarlouis and Saar-
bruck ; to the Netherlands, Marienburg, Philippeville and its dependen-
cies ; to Bavaria, Landau and its territory, as a protection to the Ger-
man Confederation ; and finally to Sardinia, French Savoy, as well as
dominion over the petty principality of Monaco. Thus the extent of the
French territory in Europe, according to a careful measurement and
strict demarcation of its boundaries, was fixed at 161,376 square miles,
and the possessions out of Europe at 10,512. The European population
of France, according to an official statement in 1815, was 29,400,000*. —
StatisticalJournal, October, 1837.
GOODS OF EUROPEAN ORIGIN.
The French Government has shown of late the disposition to a more liberal
commercial policy. This is exemplified by a recent letter of instructions from
the Custom-house administration, relating to certain articles, the importation of
which liy the treaty of navigation of 1826, and by various royal ordinances of
1833 and 1834, had been legalised. By regulations arising out of these, it was
ordered that merchandise reputed to be of European origin, but of which produc-
• According to a statistical table published in tho il/oniVeui- .^/^en'en, of the 27th of August
last, the European population in the French colonies in Africa amounts to 16,244 souls; of
which Algiers reckons 9,822; Oran 3,325: Bona, 2,609; Bougie, 406; .and Mostaganem, 82.
During the first half of the year 1837 the population was increased by 1683.
1837-8.] EUROPE.— France. 261
tions similar exist in other parts of the globi", could not, coming direct from the
British dominions in Kurojie, be admitted for consumption witliout a refj;ular cer-
tificate of their European origin. This regulation was naturally extended to all
objects of importation alike, because where not actually produced or manufactured
iu sufHcient quantities for export from other parts, as, for example, from Ame-
rica, or not known to be produced at all, yet, there being no natural impediment
to such production, it seemed requisite to guard against such a contingency.
In cases where identity of productions justified the precautionary enactment,
merchants could have no claim to consider its application a grievance, nor in
that respect did it give rise to complaints ; but where it was a matter of sulKcient
notoriety that articles imported could only be of European origin or fabrication,
the formalities attendant upon the exaction of these certificates of origin were
found to be extremely vexatious. It was fretjuently foiuul that captains or
shippers had neglected to conform to the regulation in which the adnu»sion to
entry of their cargoes was subject to considerable delaj-s whilst the error
was repaired or explained. And, in addition to charges incurred by such deten-
tion of the ship, the expense incurred by the strict observance of the formalities
required was no inconsiderable burden. The due consideration of these ob-
jections has induced the French Ministry of Commerce, through the Custom-
house Board, to issue an order, that in future certificates of origin shull be dis-
pensed u'i/h on the importation of various articles, which are known generally to
be only j>roduced in or exported from European piorts. If, however, hereafter,
any of these articles should prove to be frequently and in considerable quanti-
ties introduced from countries out of Europe, the exemption would in respect to
them cease. Among the more prominent articles to which the exemption ap-
plies, may be enumerated cotton yarn No. 113 (French count) and upwards,
linen and hempen yarn, linen and hempen cloths, plain and twilled; steel of all
sorts, needles, iron wire of all sizes, iron anchors and cables, lead, litharge, ma-
chinery and mechanical instruments, coal, bricks, chromate of potash, sulphate
of niiignesia, pipeclay, sulphuric, arsenic, citric, tartaric, oxalic, and other acids,
&.c.—Ed.
SILK HANDKERCHIEFS.
By ordinance dated October-. 1837, silk handkerchiefs In the raw state may be
imported free of duty, for the purpose of being printed for foreign account or
consumption, bond being given for their re-exportation or for their being sent into
entrepot within the space of three months. The import and export can only take
place by the ports of Havre, Nantes, Rouen, Dunkirk, Marseilles, and Bordeaux ;
and on the land frontier by Lille, Forbach, Strasburg, St. Louis, and the Bridge
of Beauvoisin.
COMMERCE OF FRANCE, 1836.
The Administration of Customs has published a volume on the exter-
nal commerce of France, from which the following are extracts.
The imports and exports from 1834 to 183G inclusive, were as follow: —
IMPORTS.
Years. General Commerce. Sjiecial Commerce.
1834 . . . 720,134,336 . . . 503.933,043
1835 . . . 760,7'26,696 . . . 520,270,553
1830 . . . 905,575,359 . . . 564,391,553
EXPORTS.
Years. General Commerce. Special Commerce.
1834 . . . 714,705,038 . . . 509.992,377
1835 . . . 834 422,218 . . . 577,413,633
1836 . . . 961,284,756 . . . 628,957,480
The duties paid on the above imports were —
1831 . . 91,823.481 f. 1834 . . 101,398,067f.
1832 . . 100.897,988 1835 . . 102,512,926
1833 . , 101,636,816 1836 . . 105,395,522
From the imports for 1831 there ought to be deducted 223,000,000 of bullion;
when the remamder, compared with the imports for 1836, will show an increase
iu faifcur of the latter year of more than 4q0,(J00,000.
262 EUROPE.—France. [1837-8.
The general trade of France with foreign countries has increased in a much
quicker ratio than the special trade, which exports the produce of the country,
and imports objects only for home consumption. Thus, in 1832, the general
imports amounted to 652,000,0001'., and in 1836, to 905,000,000f. ; the general
exports for the same years to 6i)6,000,000f., and 961 ,000,000f. respectively. The
special imports in 1832 were r)0J.000,000f. ; in 1836, 564,000,000f. ; and the
special exports, 507,000,000f., and 028,000,000f. respectively. The .amount of
special imports for 1836 may be thus divided— Raw materials for manufactures,
39ri.786,794f. ; objects of consumption, 116,289,6491'.; manufactured otjects,
52,'i22,110f. This small relative amount of foreijin manufactures is to be attri-
buted solely to the obstacles offered by the Legislature to a system of free trade,
and, in some part, to those arising from foreign nations, where similar restric-
tions also exist. The amount of special exports for 1836 was — Raw materials,
172,274,000f. ; objects of consumption, 40,9i7,000f. ; manufactured objects,
4l5,766,000f.
The trade of France, in imports to be re-exported, or the transit trade, has
considerably increased within a few years ; its vahie in 1832 being 90,544, 672f.
and in 1836 presenting a total of 204,278,7981'., giving an augmentation of 120
percent. There is no doubt that, had the customs ngulations of the country
allowed of it, the trade of France in objects for her own consumption would have
increased in a similar proportion.
In the following table will be found the imports and exports of France for
1835 and 1836, classed according to the countries to which they relate : —
IMPORTS.
1835. 1836.
United States , . . 71,545,000f. . . . . 81,464,000f.
Belgium . . . . 60,381,000 . . . . 76,383,000
Sardinia .... 06,943,000 .... 57,741,000
England .... 31,668,000 .... 35,304,000
Spain 25,509,000 .... 28,379,000
Germany .... 26,230,000 .... 27,003,000
Switzerland. . . . 14,431,000 .... 19,184,000
Two Sicilies . . . 8,965,000 .... 19,005,000
Prussia .... 13,153,000 .... 16,113,000
Russia 17,283,000 .... 16,257,000
Colonies .... 59,000,000 .... 57,000,000
EXPORTS.
1835. 1836.
United States . . . 145,251,0001'. .... 158,738,000f.
Belgium .... 34,906,000 .... 34,794,000
Sardinia .... 26,597,000 .... 31,019,000
England .... 59,688,000 .... 66,051,000
Spain 39,935,000 .... 52,548,000
Germany . . . • 32,486,000 . . . . 32,575,000
Switzerland . . . 32,841,000 .... 33,390,000
Two Sicilies . . . 3,943.000 .... 6,340,000
Prussia .... 8,578.000 .... 7,097.000
Russia 8,806,000 .... 8,693,000
Colonies .... 50,000,000 .... 51,400,000
The commerce with the United States, which is the most considerable outlet for
French productions, has increased 173 per cent, within the last five years.
Trade with most European nations has also been -augmenttd within the same
period; that with Spain, however, having suffered much damage from the poli-
tical condition of the country ; and that with Turkey not liavmg received any
notable increase. It had been expected that the system of customs lately
adopted in Germany would cause a diminution in the exports of France to that
part of Europe. On the contrary, an increase has taken place, but not to so
great an amount as would have been the case if the regulations of that system
Iiad not come into force.
The movement of shipping in the ports of France for 1835 and 1830 was as
follows : —
1837-8.] EUROPE.— France. 263
ENTEBED,
No. of Vessels. Tounaije. V;ilucs.
183J . . . 10,3fil , . . 1,174,032 . . . 479,75'J,320f.
1836 . . . 11,7'Jl . . . 1,374,331 . . . 577,930,9801'.
CLEARED.
No. of Vessels. Toim!ige. Values.
1835 . . . 9,486 , . . 871,940 . . . 613,195, 194f,
1830 . • . 10,896 . . . 997,090 . . . 710,804,r24f.
The total number of merchant- vessels belonguig to France in 1836 was
15,249, measuring 085,011 tons, giving an average of 44 tons to each vessel.
Out of this immbcr there were only 17 vessels of 500 tons and upwards; about
2,000 of from 100 to 500 tons; 10,000 from 30 to 100 tons; and the rest below
30 tons. Havre possessed in 1830 only 371 vessels, with a total of 71,889 tons;
Bordeaux, 385 vessels, of 70,027 tons; and Marseilles, 795 vessels, of 09,910
tons. The proportion of the number of French vessels entering French ports to
that of foreign vessels in 1830 was about four to seven ; whence the importance
of her own coasting trade to France may be easily deduced.
NOTICF.S TO MARINKKS.
Lighthouse off Chasseron, Is/e of 0/eron,
(Received from the French Government.)
Hydrographic-ofiice, Admiralty, Jan. 23, 1837.
Navigators are hereby informed that since the 1st of December the fixed
light on the old tower of Chasseron on the north-west point of the Isle of Oleron
(in lat. 40° 2' 52" N., and long. 1*^ 24' 30" W. of Greenwich) has been disconti-
nued, but that a light of the same description will be shown every night ou a
tower constructed 328 feet E. by S. from the old lighthouse.
The new light is 141 feet above the ground, and 104 i'eet above the level of
tlie sea at high water, and may be seen in fine weather at the distance of seven
leagues.
Administration of Bridges, Roads, Lighthouses, and Lights.
(Translation.)
Marseilles, May 8, 1837.
Lighthouse of La Garouppe, or of Antibes {^Department of the Far).
Mariners arc informed that from and after the 1st of July, 1837, a fixed light
will be exhibited during the whole night, from the tower which has just been
constructed on the peninsula of La Garouppe, one mile and a half to the south
of Antibes, near the chapel of Notre Dame de la Garde (by 43 deg. 33 min. 51
sec. N. lat., and 4 deg. 47 min. 44 sec. east longitude*).
The light apparatus will be placed at 25 metres above the ground, and will be
103 metres above the level of the sea.
This lighthouse will be visible iu clear weather at the distance of seven
marine leagues. . .
Mariners, steering for Antibes from the eastward, will see at the same time as
they approach Ville Franche, tbe fixed light of the tower at that port (situated by
43 deg. 40 min. 30 sec. lat., and 4 deg. 59 min. 20 sec. east longitude), the inter-
mitting light at the entry of the port of Antibes (situated by 43 deg. 35 min, 10
sec. lat., and 4 deg. 47 min. 31 sec. east longitude), and the fixed light of the
Garouppe ; but this last-named lighthouse alone will be seen by mariners
approaching by the south and south-west until they have doubled the peninsula. '
Hydrographic-office, Admiralty, July 10, 1837.
(Received from the French Government.)
luformation has been received from the French Government, that on the 15th'
of this montffsix new lights will be exhibited on the undermentioned points of
the coast of France.
/« the Channel.
Courseui.es Light. — A fi^ed light on the West Jetty Head, in lat. 49 deg.
20 min. 22 sec. north ; ifnd long. 20 min. 20 sec, west. This light is placed oO
English feet abov.e tlifr high water of equinoctial springs, and in fine weather
may be seen 2 leagues.
* Merulian of I'niis.
264 EUROPE.— France. [1837-8.
N.B. This fixed light of Courseules may be seen at the same time with the
intL'iinittinjj li{,'ht on Point de Ver, in 4'J (leg. 20 min. 28 sec. north, and 31
mill. 4 sec. west of Greenwich, and may therefore be easily recognised.
In the Mediterranean.
Port de Mahseilles Lights. — Two harbour lights in the entrance — 1st,
fixed lij^ht of St. Jean : — It is placed on the parapet of the covered way at the
i'oot of the Tower of Fort St. Jean, on the left-hand in entering the pmt, in lat.
43 deg. 17 min. 45 sec. north, and in long. .') deg. 21 min. 4(i sec. ea>t. This
light is 30 IVet above the level of the sea, and in fine weather may be seen three
leagues. 2ud, Intermitting light of the Tete de More : it is placid on Tete do
More point, between the Coves of Reserve and Pharo, on the right hand in
entering the Port of Marseilles, and in lat. 43 deg. 17 min. 43 sec. north, and
long. 5 deg. 21 min. 35 sec. east. This light is 62 English feet above
the level of the sea ; its flashes are repeated every three minutes, and in fine
weather may be seen three leagues.
N-B. On a south-west bearing both these lights are concealed by the hill,
called " La Butte du Pharo."
PoRQuiiKOi.i.ES Light. — Flashing light on the south point of Porquerolies
Island, between Cape d'Arme ami Cape Roux, in lat. 42 deg. ^>'J mm. 7 sec.
north, and long. C deg. 12 min. 50 sec. east This light is 52 English feet
above the ground, and 262 feet above the sea. "
The flaslies are repeated every four minutes, and are preceded and followed
by short eclipses. The steady light which intervenes between these eclipses
lasts about two minutes and three quarters, and in fine weather may be seen
seven leagues, but the eclipses will not be total within the distance of three
leagues.
Levant, or Tit.in Light. — Fixed light on the eastern point of Levant Island,
in lat. 43 deg. 2 min. 30 sec. north, and in long. 6 deg. 30 min. 10 sec east.
This light is 39 English feet above the ground, and 246 feet above the sea, and
in fine weather may be seen 5 leagues.
Cape Lardier Light. — Revolving light on Cape Lardier, or, as it is some-
times called, Cape Camarat, in lat 43 deg. 11 min. 50 sec. north, and long. 6
deg. 41 min. 50 sec. east. This light is 66 English feet above the ground, and
427 feet above the sea. Its flashes are repeated every minute, and in fine
weather they may be seen eight or nine leagues.
Its eclipses do not appear total within the distance of three leagues. When
six or seven leagues distant the appearances of this light can be distinguished
from the intermittent light on Planier Island, in 43 deg. 11 min. 57 sec. north,
and 5 deg. 14 min. east, only by its revolutions being of one minute's interval,
while the light on that island revolves every half minute : but this distinction
would be sufficiently striking to any attentive person, even if there was a less
difference of longitude between them than one and a half. Besides, it rarely
happens that this light is seen before passing within sight either of the Antibes
Light, which lies 30 miles north-east of Cape Lardier, or of the Porquerolies or
Levant lights, which are respectively 25 and 13 miles to the westward of it.
It should be further remarked, that from the manner in which the names are
applied to the coast in some of the charts of the Mediterranean, this cape, if
called Cape Camarat, may be confounded with Cajie Taillat, which bears from
it 27° west, at three miles distance, and on which stands the old Tower of
Camarat ; it should, therefore, be always named Cape Lardier.
New Tide Light at the Port of Dieppe.
(Received from the French Government.)
Hydrographic-office, Admiralty, Oct, 16, 1837.
Mariners are hereby informed, that from the 1 st of November fitxt the inter-
mitting light now on the western jetty of the port of Dieppe will be discontinued,
and that it will be succeeded by a fixed light on the small tower recently erected
on the said jetty, 35 yards from the jetty head.
The new light being 13 yards above the level of high water at the equinoctial
tides, will be seen in fine weather at the distance of threife' leagues.
This light is intended to answer the same purpose as the present one — that is
to say, it will be lighted only when there is a depth of at least 10^- feet (English)
in the entrance of the port,
1837-8.] EUROPE.—FrANCE. 265
Light of La Garonpj)e, or Antibes (Department of La Var, or the south coast of
France).
(Recc>ivcil from the French Government.)
INIarhiors are hereby informed that from the 1st of July next, a fixed light will
be shown every night from the tower recently constructed on the peninsula of
La (iaroiii'pe, a mile and a half to the southward of the port of Antibes, and
near the chapel of Notre Dame de la Garde, in hit. 43 deg. 33 min. f)! sec. N.,
and long. 7 (leg. 8 min. 4 sec. E. of Greenwich. The light will be elevated 82
liujlisli feet above the ground, and 332 feet above the level of the sea, and will
be visible in fine weather at the distance of 7 leagues. In approaching Antilws
from the eastward, mariners will see the fixed light of Ville Franche, which
stands on point Mala, aTul also the intermitting light at the entrance of the port
of Antibes, at the same time as they see the fixed light of La Garouppe ; l)ut
this last-mentioned light alone will be seen by mariners approaching from the
southward or south-westward, until they have rounded the peninsula.
Admiralty, May 30, 1837.
MONEYS.'
French and English Coins.
French Money. VaUic in Enj,'lish.
£. s. d.
The 40-franc piece, double Napoleon, or Louis = 113 4
The 20-franc piece. Napoleon, or Louis . = 0 IG 8
The 3U-S0US piece . , . . = 0 1 3i
The franc = 100 centimes . . . = 0 0 lO"
The fifteen-sous piece . . . . = 0 0 7i
The half-franc = 50 centimes . . =005
The quarter-franc = 25 centimes . . =002^
The two-sous piece = 10 centimes . . =001
The sou, or one sou piece = 5 centimes . =000^
One centime . . . . . =00 O^L
The Hard = 0 0 OJ
The piece of two liards . . . . = 0 0 OJ
The piece of six liards . . . . = o 0 Of
En^'lish Money. Value in French.
1 guinea, or 21 shillings . . . = 26 f. 47c.f
One pound, or sovereign = 20 shillings . = 25 f. 20.8 c.
A crown, or 5-shillings piece . . = 5 f. S0.7 c.
The half-crown piece, or 2s, 6d. . , = 2 f . 90.4 c.
A shilling, or 12 pence . . . = 1 f. 16.14 c.
Sixpence (G(/.) . ." . . . =0 58.07 c.
A penny (Id.) = 0 10 c.
A halfpenny (hd.) . . . . = 0 5 c.
A farthing {^d'.) . . . . =0 2^ c.
Paris, Oct. IS, 1837.
The premium on gold at Paris Is 9^ per mille, which, at the English Mint
price of 3/. Us. lO^r/. the ounce for standard gold, gives an exchange of 25.39 ;
and the exchange at Paris on London at short being 25.52^, it follows that gold
is 0.54 per cent, lower at Paris than in London.
WEIGHTS.
TROY WEIGHT.
Englisli Weights. French Weights.
1 grain = ^^ dwt, . , . = O.0G477 gramme.
1 pennyweight = ^'5 of an ounce . = 1.55456 gramme.
1 ounce = I'j of a lb. Troy . . = 31.09130 gramme.
1 pound imperial . . , = 0.3730956 kilogramme.
• Tli(! infuvmation as to French Moneys, Weights, and Measures has been suiipHetl from
France expressly for this Jouvnal.
t Tlie/ stands ior franc ot francs, c for centime or centimes.
266 EUROPE.— France. [1837-8.
AVOIRDUPOIS WEIGHT.
l>;nglish Weights. French Weights.
1 dram = ^'5 of an ounce . . = 1.7712 gramme.
1 ounce = fL of a lb. . . = 28.3384 grammes.
] pound, or 1 lb. imperial . . = 0.4534148 kilogramme.
1 cwt. = 112 lb. . . . = -50.7824600 kilogrammes.
• 1 tou=20c\vt. .... = 1015.6490000 kilogrammes.
French. English.
. 1 gramme = 15.438 grs. Troy = 0.643 dwts. = 0.03216 oz. Troy.
1 kilogramme = 2.68027 lb. = 2 lb. 8 ozs. 3 dwts. 6 grs. Troy weight.
1 kilogramme = 2.20548 lb. = 2 lb. 3 ozs. 4| drs. Avoirdupois.
FRENCH MEASURES,
The foundation of all the French measures, whether of lines, surfaces, solids,
or the contents of vessels (generally called measures of capacity), is a quadrant '
of the earth's meridional circumference. This is presumed to be constant in the
same hemisphere, and for the same longitude ; and the quadrant wliich they
use is that passing from the equator through Paris to the north pole. This,
according to the most accurate admeasurements and calculations, is estimated at
5,130,740 old French toises of 6 French feet each. The 10,000,000th part of
this is a mtt7'e ; and 1 metre is equal to 3 feet and 11 y^^ lines, or 3 feet 1 inch
of the old measures very nearly.
The metre, the square metre, and the cubic metre, are the radical standards
of the three measures; for there are only three, as solidity and capacity, though
diflFerently named and used, are the same in reality.
The radical denominations are not always the square and cube of the metre,
because the first would be too small a measure for land, and the second too large
for the greater number of substances estimated by quantity. The following are
the denominations : —
Lineal Measure. — The melre, which means '' measure," and is in round
numbers about 39|g English inches.
Surface. — The are which means "' surface," or " area," and is the square of
10 metres, or 100 square metres.
CArAciTY. — Tile litre, which means a " measured quantity," and is the cube
of one-tenth of a metre, or the 1000th part of a cubic metre. In English
measure it is nearly a cube of four inches, and very nearly sixty-one cubic
inches.
Solid. — The stere, which moans a " solid," and is the cube of the metre, or
nearly 35| English cubic feet.
From these radical denominations the larger-ones are procured by multiplying
by 10, and the lower ones by dividing by the same. Thus
.. Deca, prefixed, means 10 times.
Hecto ,. . .100 times. •
Kilo . * . . rOOO times.
My via . . .10000 times.
These prefixes, which are a sort of barbarous Greek for the numbers, are pre-
fixed to the radical names, metre, are, litre, and stere ; and the number is under-
stood to multiply the surface of the solid, and not its side ; thus, one decare is
10 ares, and not a square of ten times the side of an are ; and so of the others.
The denominations below the radical ones are expressed by a sort of Latin
prefixes: thus
Deci is . . . one-tenth.
Colli is . . . one-hundredth.
31illi is . . . one-thousandth.
In the same mode of estimating, time was arranged into tenths and hun-
dredths: 1 day (24 hours) = 10 liuurs; 1 hour = 100 minutes ; and 1 minute
= 100 seconds. The circle, or angular measures, were also arranged in hun-
dredths— 400 degrees in a whole circumiereuce ; 100 in a quadrant; 100
minutes in one degree, and 100 seconds in a minute. Tliese measures have,
however, beeu abandoned, or, at all events, they are far from being convenient,
as none of the more useful angular divisions are tenths.
1837-8.1 EUROPE.— France.
W« annex the details of those tables which remain the mos>t in use.
267
MEASURES OF LENGTH.
LONG MEASURE.
English.
•1 inch. VI j'j of a yard .
1 foot = ^ of a yard = 12 inches
1 yard = 3 feet .
1 fathom = 2 yards
1 pole, or perih = 5^ yards .
1 furlong, or 220 yards '•
1 mile, or 1760 yards
French.
2.539954 centimetres.
3.047'J4-l'J'.!ccimetres.
0.91438348 metres.
l.,-S'-'87C696 metres.
5.02911000 metres.
201.10437000 metres.
1609.31490000 metres.
French. English Inches
1 millimetre = 0.039370
1 cintimetre = 0.393708 ■
1 decimetre = 3.937079
1 metre . = 39.37079 =
1 decametre = 393.7079 =
1 hectometre = 3937.079 =
1 kilometre = 39370.79 =
1 myriametre = 393707.9 =
French. —r,
1 toise = 6.3945 feet = 2.1315 yards = 76.735 inches.
1 aune, or ell = 3.893 feet = 46.79 English inches.
SQUARE MEASUKE.
English.
1 square yard . , . =
1 rod, or pole = 30^ square yards =
1 rood = 1210 square yards . =
1 acre = 4840 sq. yds. = 40.4671 ares =
Fieuch.
1 metre carre = 1 centiare . =
1 are = 3.95 English poles. . =
1 hectare = 2 a. 1 r. 5 perches . =
1.093633 yards.
10.936030 yards.
109.366300 yards.
4 furlongs, 213.633 yards.
6 miles, 1 fur. 156.288 yards.
English.
French.
0.836097 metre carre.
25.291939 metres carres
10.116775 ares.
0.404671 hectare.
English.
1 . 196033 square yard.
0.098845 rood.
2.473614 acres.
3IEASURES FOR LIQUIDS.
English. Fren(-h.
1 pint, or ^ of a gallon . . = 0.567932 litre.
1 quart, or A of a gallon . .. = 1.135b'64 litre.
1 imperial gallon . . . = 4.5434579 litres.
DRY MEASURE.
English.
1 peck = 2 gallons . . . =
1 bushel = 8 gallons . . =
1 sack = 3 bushels . . . ^
1 quarter = 8 bushels . . =
1 chaldron = 12 sacks . ' . =
French.
1 litre = 1 . 760773 pint = . 8S03S65 qt.
1 decalitre = 2.2009007 gallons.
1 hectolitre = 22.0096670 gallons.
French.
9.0869159 litres.
36.347664 litres.
1.09043 hectolitre.
2.907813 hectolitres.
13.08516 hectolitres.
English.
= .2200966 o-sdloa.
The new French denominations, having been found very inconvenient for
common purposes, were in 1812 arranged as follow: —
1 toise, or 6 feet = 2 metres
1 foot, or 12 inches = ^ metre
1 inch, or 12 lines
1 line ....
1 aune, or ell = 11 metre
or 1 aune .
6.5618334 English feet.
= 1 . 093f;3S9 English foot.
= 1.0936389 English inch.
= 0. 09 ll:?05 English inch.
= 3.937 English feet.
= 47.244 English inches.
268 EUROPE.— France. [1837-8.
1 bushel — \ hectolitre . . = 762.85 cubic inches.
1 old Paris foot . . . = 1.006 English foot.
1 old Paris inch . . . = 1.066 English inch.
1 old line . . . . = .0888 English inch.
Old foot, inch, and line, to new, as 48 to 49 nearly.
BOULOGNESUR-MER.
In consequence of the impositions practised towards English passengers on
their landing at 13oulogne-sur-Mer, the Chamber of Commerce of that town has
just issued a series of regulations in all instances rendering imiforra, and in the
majority reducing, the terms and rates of imposts relative to the shipping and
landing of passengers, the use of the ladders, the carrying of luggage, and the
shipping and landing of carriages and horses. For the landing of passengers
from packets at the jetty head the pilots are now allowed If. 50c., or only one-
fourth the previous charge, whilst nothing whatever is to he paid for the use of
ladders when the packet comes up to the quay and the same charges are made
for carrying passengers to the shipping. Nothing is to be paid for small articles,
such as canes, umbrellas, hat-boxes, &c., if they form part of the ordinary
luggage of a family or traveller, and the charge of landing for every other
description of luggage is considerably reduced. For landing or shipping a
four-wheeled carriage the price is reduced to l'2f. ; for a two-wheeled carriage,
6f. J for a horse, 6f. ; and a mule, 3f. — Galignani's Messenger.
MARSEILLES.
Sleam-Packct Rates of Postages as Officially Promulgated.
As a general rule these rates are regulated in the proportion of 1 franc for all
places comprised within a radius of 250 marine leagues in a right line, and of 2
francs for all beyond up to 500 leagues. By the following scale the regulation
appears to be construed in a liberal sense :
From Marseilles.
To Alexandria
Athens
Civita Vecchia
Constantinople
Leghorn .
Malta
Naples
Smyrna
S)'r«^ .
Distance
Postage
in
of a
marine leagues.
letter.
Francs.
598
2
471
2
117
1
591
2
79
1
276
1
167
1
498
2
448
2
By a decision of the Minister of Finance the service of the post-office steam-
packets in the Levant wdl from the 1st December, 1837, be divided into three
lines, viz., from Marseilles to Malta; from Malta to Constantinople, passing by
Syra ; and from Athens to Alexandria, passing also by Syra. The island of
Syra will thus remain, as at present, the meeting-point for the packets from
Malta, Constantinople, Athens, and Alexandria, and for effecting the exchange
of letters, and the transfer of passengers from one line to another.
SPAIN.
PrincijMl Ports. — Adra, Altea, Aguilas, Alicaut, Almeria, Algesiras,
Arens de Mar, Bilboa, Barcelona, Blanes, Benicarlo, Cadiz, Corunna,
Castropol, Carill, Carboneras, Carlhagena, Denia, Deva, Ferrol, Gijon,
Mundica, Malaga, Mahon, Passages, Palanios, Patma, Ribadeo, Re-
quexada, Riva, de Cetta, Rosas, Seville, San Lucar, St. Sebastian,
Saloe, St, Felix, Santandar, or St. Andero, Tarragona, Tierra Viega,
Villa Nueva, Valencia, Vinaroz, Vigo, Villa Viciosa, Xavea.
1837-8.] EUROPE.— Spain. 269
ADMISSION OF BRITISH COAL*.
Sir, — The Minister of Finance has just made me the following communica-
tion : —
I have laid before the Queen Reijjcnt the information hituly obtained in conse-
quence of the reiterated representations of the British Minister at tliis Court,
and of the French Charge d' Affaires, requesting the revocation of the Royal
Oriler of the 9th of April last, which modified that ofthe3lst of January of
the preceding year, respocting the admission of foreign coal ; and Her iMajesty,
desirous, on the one hand, that no difficulties be placed in the way of the navi-
gation of steam-vessels, whether national or foreign, but, on the contrary, tliat
every facility compatible with the protection and encouragement which our own
mines recjuire be afforded ; and, on the other hand, of giving another proof to.
our faithful allies that the Spanish Government, naturally grateful, is not uu
aware of the important services which, in support of the national cause, are af-
forded by the vessels charged to guard our coasts; Her Majesty has been pleased
to resolve that, although the 3rd article of the above-mentioned Royal Order of
the 9th of April last declares duty free the foreign coal, which, without being
landed incur ports, is kept on board and consumed by the steamers, they shall,
for the present, be allowed to have two deposits in the Mediterranean, which are
to be Barcelona and Alicant, and two others on the sea coast, Cadiz and Co-
runna, upon the payment of 2 per cent., and the officers of the customs to have
a key; for this article, without ceasing to be in the free air, can be placed in
buildings which the masters of the steamers can provide themselves, and thus
they will have a deposit corresponding to their consumption. All this to take
place without detriment to the ameliorations which the General Direction and its
'Junta Gonsultiva' have proposed, in order that they may be submitted to the
Cortes for examination and discussion, to whom also immediate communication
will be made of this provisional measure which circumstances have obliged the
dictation of.
I have the honour to make the above communication to you in reply to the
note which you were pleased to address to me upon this subject, and avail my-
self of, &c.
Palace, July 22, 1837. Jose Ma. Cai-atuava.
To the British Minister,
SUSPENSION OF DUTIES ON VESSELS FROM GIBRALTAR*.
Palace, July 15, 1837.
SiK, — I have the satisfaction to acquaint you that, according to a communi-
cation made to me by the Minister of Finance on tlie 13th inst., the august
Queen Regent having been informed of the report drawn up, in consequence of
the representation which you made in your notes of the 1st of January and 2t)th
of April of this year, for the abolition of the exceptionable duties which are im-
posed upon ^oods coming from Gibraltar, and conveyed in Spanish vessels ; and
Her Majesty, bearing also in mind, on the one hand, the motives of public utility
which dictated the Royal Order of July 13, 1830, and the political considera-
tions which determined the issuing of the Royal Decree of December 2, 1834,
and considering, on the other hand, .the generous and must important services
which the British Government has afforded and is still affording to the national
cause in the present contest, has been pleased to resolve, in conformity with the
opinion of the Council of Ministers, that for the present, and without prejudice
to what the Cortes may determine upon the system of customs and tariffj the
observance of the 4th article of the said Royal Order of July, 1830, be sus-
pended, with respect to vessels proceeding from Gibraltar, in the same terms in
which, by the Royal Decree of December 2, 1834, it was suspended as regards
vessels proceeding from Bordeaux, Bayonne, Marseilles, and other intermediate
ports of France, in order that by this means tlie treaties may be fulfilled which
exist with England, who has the right, according to them, to be treated in Spain
as the most favoured nations. I avail myself, &c.
Jose Ma. Calatkava.
• From recent information, there is reason to fear that these regulations will he soon re-
sciudsd,— £rf, Nov. 25, 1837.
•270 EUROPE. — Spain, Canary Islands. [1837-8.
MONEYS.
MADRID, CADIZ, MALAGA, BARCELONA.
Plate Money of Exchange and Account.
34 Maravedis, or \ i i. i r t>i .
ifi ,1 . \ = 1 Heal of Plate.
10 Quartos )
8 Reals = 1 Dollar of Plate.
1 1 Reals 1 Maraved. or | , j^ i r ™ i.
375 Maravedis } = ^ ^^^'^^'^ ^^ P^^*«-
4 Dollars of Plate = 1 Pistole of Plate.
Vellon Moneij of Coin and Account,
34 Maravedis = 1 Real Vellon.
20 Reals Vellon = 1 Hard Dollar.
Hence,
17 Reals of Plate = 32 Reals Vellon.
85 Dollars of Plate = 64 Hard Dollars.
1 Quarto of Plate = 4 Maravedis Vellon.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 lb. or4 Arrobas = 101 -44 lb. Avoirdupois.
1 Cantaro or Arroba of Wine = 3 '52 Imperial Gallons.
1 Faneg-a of Corn = 7*79 Imperial Bushels.
1 Vara or Ell = 33-38 English' Inches.
N.B.' These are the Castilian or Official Weights and Measures of Spain, but
many of the Provinces have their own local Weights and Measures. — Tate's
Modem Cambist,
CANARY ISLANDS.
Pmicipal Ports, — Canaria, Ferro, Fuerte Ventura, Gomera, Lazarota,
Orotava, Palma, Santa Cruz, Teneriife.
TREATY.
. Additional Article to the Treaty of Friendship and Alliance between His Britannic
Majesty and His Catholic Rlojesty Ferdinand VII., signed at Madrid the 'ISth
At/gust, 1814.
It is agreed that, pending the negociations of a new treaty of commerce.
Great Britain shall be admitted to trade with Spain upon the same con-
ditions as those which existed previously to the yeur 1696. All the treaties
■ of commerce which at that period subsiited between the two nations being
hereby ratified and confirmed. H. Wkllesley.
Done at Madrid, the 28th August, IS 14.
By O. C, Apvil 23, 1828, His Majesty doth grant that it shall be lawful for Spanish ships to
impoit into any of the British Possessions abroad, from the colonies and foreign plantations
of His Most Catholic Majesty, goods the produce of those colonies and possessions, and to
export goods from any such British possessions abroutl, to be carried to any foreign country
whatever.
DECREE.
(Translation.)
Donna Isabella II., by the Grace of God, and by the constitution of the
Spanish monarchy, Queen of Spain, and in her name, Doima Maria (Jhristina
de Bourbon, Queen Regent of the kingdom ; be it known unto all by whom these
presents are seen and concern, that the Cortes have decreed and we sanction the
following :— --
The Corles, in virtue of their powers, have decreed that the decrees of former
Cortes, viz., the decree of the 5th of Jauuar}-, 1822, in virtue of which the ports
of Santa Cruz, of Santiago, of Teneriife, were permitted to carry on national
and foreign trade, with a deposit of the first class; and of that of the 20th of
the sanje month and year, with several provisional regulations for the trade in
the Canary Islands, and for granting the privilege of trade to certain ports of
those islands, and the order of- the 31st of March, of the said year, empowering
the provincial deputation of the Canaries to regulate the ship and port duties
exacted from vessels entering the licensed ports of these islands in transit, be
herewith re-established, except in that part of the second and third articles of
the decree of January 20, which is provided for in the tariffs formed in 1830, by
1837-8.] EUROPE.— Canary Islands, Portugal. 271
the Roj'al Commission, and approved of by the Government, and which fire still
in Ibice ; which the C'oites present to Iler Majesty, in order that she maybe
pleased to j,'ive it her sanction.
Palace of the Cortes, Sept. 23, 1837.
Therefore, we command all tribunals and all authorities, whether civil, mili-
tary, or ecclesiastical, of whatever rank and dignity they may be, to keep, and
cause to be kept, fulfilled, and executed, the present law iii all its parts. Let it
be so understood, printed, published, and circulated.
I, THE Queen Regent.
Palace, Oct. 10, 1837.
To Don Antonio Maria de'Teixas, &c.
PORTUGAL.
Piincipnl Ports. — Aveiro, Caminha, Faro, Figuera, Lisbon, Qporto,
St. Ubes, Viana, Villa de Conde, Villa Nova.
By u. C., Oct. 15, 1832, it is tleclareil, that tlic kiugdom of Portugal is one of the foreign
jK)\Vcrs w illi wliicli any reciprocity treaties are subsisting.
The Treaty of Commerce with Portugal is dated February 19, 1810,
and is unlimited in point of duration ; but the parties reserve to them-
selves the right of revising the same at the end oi fifteen years.
The mutual commerce and navigation of the subjects of Great Britain
and Portugal respectively, in the ports and seas of Asia, are expressly
permitted in the same degree as they have heretofore been allowed
by the two Crowns: but His Royal Highness reserves to himself the
right of imposing heavy, and even prohibitory duties, on all articles
known by the name of British East Indian Goods, and West Indian
Produce.
Lisbon, July 25, 1835.
The following revocation of the commercial treaty between England
and Portugal has been published in the Government Gazette : —
Office of the Secretary of State for Foreign Alj'airs,
Her Majesty the Queen has been pleased to order the Counsellor Judge of
Commerce to be informed of the official notification which has been given,
through this department of state to the British Government, that in virtue
of article 33 of the commercial treaty between Portugal and England, dated
February 19, 1810, the government of Her Most Faithful Majesty has re-
solved to declare the said treaty to be suspended, and to have no force from
.and after the 31st day of January, 1S36.
The Duke of Palmella.
JosE Feureiua Bokges.
Palace of the Necessidades, July 22, 1835.
Similar information has been transmitted to the offices of each of the
other Secretaries of State, and to those of all public departments.
DUTIES, i!tc.
At the Court at St. James's, May;iO, 1837.
; Whereas British vessels entering the ports of Portugal from the ports
of the United Kingdom are, by a decree of the 24th of November, 183G,
charged with a tonnage duty, from one half of which all Portuguese
vessels are exempt, such surcharge varying from b^d. to 1*. l^d. per ton ;
His Majesty is pleased to order that there shall be paid on all Portuguese
vessels which shall enter any of the ports of the United Kingdom a' duty
of 9c?. per ton.
At the Court at St. James's, May 10, 1837.
Whereas, by a decree of Her Majesty the Queen of Portugal, dated
the 10th day of .January last, higher duties are levied in the ports of
Portugal on goods, when imported in British ships, than when imported
in Portuguese ships. His Majesty doth therefore order, that upon all
goods imported into the United Kingdom in Portuguese ships, there
272 EUROPE.— Portugal. [1837-8-
shall be levied, in addition to the existing duties otherwise payable upon
the importation of such goods, aTurther duty an.ounting to one-fiflli part
of such existing duties.
By T. L., June 27. 1837, the additional duties imposed by the Orders in Council on Portu-
•;uese ships nnd tlieir c.irgoes, not to be enforct-d in those cases wliere it shall be proved
that the vessels had sailed from their respective ports of lading or clearance prior to the
time atwliichinformatiou of the issuing those orders had been received at those ports.
MONEYS.
LISBON AND OPORTO.
1000 Reis = 1 Milreis.
EXCHANGE.
The averap;e Rate of Exchange for the years 1834, 1835, and 183G, w.as 58^
pence per milreis.
Reis is a money only nominal ; but all monetary calculations in Portugal are
made under that denomination only. An estate or a ship is valued or sold at so
many milreis. A criizado novo is the coin of 450 reis. A Spanish dollar is
valued at 800 reis; therefore, 1000 equals a dollar and a quarter: of course the
exchange between milreis and English pence varies according to the state of the
balance between the two countries.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 Pounds = 101-18 lb. Avoirdupois.
Tlie Arroba of 32 lb, = 32-38 Do.
ITie Almude of Lisbon = 3-G4 Imperial Gallons.
Oporto = 5-61 Do.
The Alqiiiere of Lisbon = 0'372 Imperial Bushels.
Oporto = 0-465 Do.
The Vara == 43-14 English Inches.
The Covado = 25-88 Do.
Tate's 3fodern Cambist.
NOTICES TO MARINERS.
Lisbon, Jan. 1, 1837.
Having stated to you in my last communication that a new lighthouse had
been constructed on the Torre de Btigio, and it appt'aring that a mistake of con-
siderable importance was made in the Government edict 'on the subject, it has
been republished, and the following is a transcrijit as it now stands corrected: —
A new lighthouse has been constructed on the Torre de Bugio, at the entrance
of the bar to the south of Fort St Julian, in latitude N. 33° 39' 20", and lon-
gitude to the west of the observatory of St. George's Castle, 9° 57'. It is a re-
volving light, and presents an eclipse every three minutes, the brightest light
being of three seconds' duration. — Official Coi-respondent.
[Communicated by the Portuguese Government.]
St. Lourenco Lighthouse, on Fort Bugio River Tagus, Feb. 14, 1837.
Navigators are hereby informed that a revolving light has been recently es-
tablished on the Tower of St. Lourenf o, commonly called Fort Bugio, in the en-
trance of the river Tagus.
The position of the tower is in 38° 29' 20" N. lat., and 0° 9' 57" W, of the
citadel of Lisbon, or 9° 18' 9" W. long, from Greenwich.
The light is eclipsed every three minutes.
PORT CHARGES.
Oporto, Aug. 20, 1 837.
Port Charges at Oporto, on a British Vessel,
R eis.
Sailing in ballast ..... 500 per ton
Entering in ballast and sailing with a cargo . . 200 , ,
Entering with a cargo and sailing with a cargo . 300 , ,
In Franquia (that is, entering with a cargo and sailin g
with the same cargo) . . , . 100 ,,
In all circumstances everj' vessel pays in addition to the
above a contribution towards the works of the bar . 100 , ,
And fees to officers of police and health, amounting to
2600 reis.
Pilotage according to labour and the number of boats
employed.
lS3r-S.] EUROPE.-PoRTtTfiAi.. 273
PII.OTAGK.
Charges for Pi/olar/f ul Oporto.
There is no cstablislied rivto Tor ))ilatage ut tliis port, llic charges being
made at the discretion of the chief pilot (piloto mor) ; but in ordinary
cases the charges for piloting vessels over tlie bar of Oporto are as follow,
viz.: — •
INWAUDS.
A Schooner
Anns .
A Ship . .
A Schooner .
A Brig .
A Ship . .
These charges may vary from 3,000 reis to 4,000 reis, according to the 'size
of the vessel ; and in winter, when the service is {generally dilficidt, they vary
much more. — Correspondent of Journal of TnADu.
ll.is-.
Reis.
•
11,000
to
10,800
1 0,000
, ,
10,000
.
18,000
..
22,000
OUTWARDS.
^
19,'JOO
to
• . . •
21,000
20,400
.
24.000
32,000
MADEIRA.
Principal Port. — Funclial.
AZORES.
Pmicipal Ports. — Angra, Corvo (Island of), Fayal, Flores (Islands),
Graciosa (Island), Pico (Island), St. George, St. Maria, St. Michael
(Islands), Terceira (Island).
GIBRALTAR.
Produce of Limits of Charter. — All goods tha produce of places within
the limits of the East India Company's Charter, having been imported
into Gibraltar from those places in British ships, shall, upon subsequent
importation into the United Kingdom direct from Gibraltar, be liable to
the same duties as the like goods would respectively be liable to if im-
ported direct from some place within the limits of the said charter, 3 and
4 Will. IV., c. 5G, sS 10.
Duties. — As to Duties, see Spain, p. 269.
MONEYS.
IG Quartos = 1 Real.
12 Reals -= 1 lUxd Dollar.
The value of the Dollar is the same as that of the Hard or Spanish Dollar,
which is worth about 50|(/. sterling.
WKIGHTS AND MEASUHES.
Chiefly those of England.
Tale's Modern Cambist.
MALTA.
Principal Port. — Valetta.
Malta in Europe. — The Island of IMalta and its dependencies shall be
deemed to be in Europe. 3 and 4 Yvill. IV., c. j2, \) 120.
Produce of Limits of Charier. — All goods the produce of places
within the limits of the East India Company's Charter, having been im-
ported into Malta from those places in British ships, shall, upon sub-
sequent importation into the United Kingdom direct from Malta, bo
liable to the same duties as the like goods would respectively bo liable to
if imported direct from some place 'within the limits of the said charter.
3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 56, §10.
2^4 EUROPE.— Malta, Italy, &c. [1837-8.
MONEYS.
20 Grani = . 1 Tari.
" - 12 Taii = 1 Scudo.
.30 Tari = 1 Pezza ov Sicilian Dollar.
The value of the Pezza taken from that of the Sicilian Silver Sciulo of 12
Sicilian Tari, is 3s. ll^rf. sterliiiir. but is commonly reckoned at 4s. sterling.
Hence the value of the Maltese Scudo is 19(/. sterling.
For purposes of general business the Pezza is often valued at bOd. sterling,
and the Scudo at 2()f!. sterling, and the £. sterling is therefore at this estimation
■worth only 12 Scudi.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
100 Maltese Rottoli = 174.52 lb. Avoirdupois.
The Barile of Wine = 9i Imperial Gallons.
The CaflHso of Oil = 4a Imperial Gallons.
The Salma of Corn == 7| Imperial Bushels.
The Cane or Canna = 82.02 English Inches.
Tale's Modern Caml/isf,
ITALY. — Sardinian Territories.
Principal Portx. — Cagliari, Genoa, Monaco, Nice, Spezia, ov Speccia.
MONEYS.
100 Centcsimi ... 1 Lira Nuova,
The Lira Nuova is of the same value as the French Franc, or the Lira Ita-
liana, viz. 9^^/. sterling. The late money of Genoa was in Lire, Soldi, and
Denari, called fuori Banco. 5 Lire Nuove are reckoned equal to 6 Lire fuori
Banco.
The Pezza is divided into 20 Soldi, each Denari, called Soldi and Denari di
Pezza.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 lb. of Genoa = 69.88 lb. Avoirdupois.
]00 Rottoli of U lb. = 104.83 lb. Avoirdupois.
The Barile of Wine = 16.34 Imperial gallons.
The Mina of Corn == 3.31 Imperial Inishels.
The Braccio of 2!, Palmi = 22.96 English inches.
7a/e's Modrrn Camhlst.
ITALY. — Papal Territories.
Principal Ports. — Ancona, Civita Vecchia.
IONIAN ISLANDS.
Principal Ports. — Cephalonia, Ceriqjo, Corfu (Islands of,) Ithaca
(Island), Paxo (Island), St. Maura (Island), Teaki or Ithaca (Island),
Zante (Island).
moneys.
The money of Account is in British Ciu-rency, or pounds, shillings and pence
sterling. Spanish Doubloons valued at l.H Spanish Dollars, Spanish Pillar-
Dollars valued at 104 Oboli or halfpence, and German Dollars valued at 100
Oboli, are also current, and the latter are also partially the money of account.
weights and measures.
Besides the l">nglisli Weights and Measures, the Venetian and Turkish are
also employed, with particular sorts of goods.
10 Okes" equal 28 lb. Avoirdupois, and the Quintal of 44 Okes equals 117
Venetian lb. Peso (irosso. and 123.1.5111. Avoirdupois.
The Venetian Barile for Wine, Oil, &c. of 4 Jars, is. reckoned equal to If)
Imperial Gallons.
The Bacilo of Wheat in Zante and Cephalonia is estimated at LJ Imperial
]3ushels.
The Moggio of Wheat in Coifu is 5 Winchester Bushels.
The Braccio lor Woollen Goods is reckoned at 27{g Inches, and for silk
Goods at 25a Inches. Tate's Modern Cambist.
lS3r-8.] EUROPE,— Ionian Islands, Italy. 275
ITALY.— Austrian Territories.
Principal Ports.— Y'lwme, Porto Quito, Trieste, Venice.
VENICE AND MILAN.
MONEYS.
100 Cuntesimi == 1 Lira Austriacha.
The Lira is also divided into 20 Soldi Austriachi.
HEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 lb. fJrnsso ' = 105.27 lb. Avoirdupois-,
100 lb. Sottile = 60.58 lb. Avoirdupois.
100 Secchi ^ 237.71 Imperial Gallons.
100 Staji = 27.fi2 Impeiial Quarters.
100 Klls. Silk Measure = 09.30 Eujrlish Yards.
100 KUs, Woollen Measure = 74.27 Eiifrlish Yards.
Tate^s Modern Camhist.
ITALY.— Duchy of Tuscany.
Principal Portsi. — Elba (Island of), Leghorn.
MONEYS.
12 Denail =- 1 Soldo.
20 Soldi = 1 Pczza or Dollar.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
100 lb. of Leghorn = 7 1.86 lb Avoirdupois.
The Barile of Wine = 10.03 Imperial Gallons.
The Sacca ol' Corn = 2.01 Imperial Bushels.
The Canna of 4 Braccia = 23.29 Enj^'lish Inches.
Tale's 3Ioilern Cambist.
TURKEY AND CONTINENTAL GREECE.
Principal Ports. — Chisme or Cisme, Constantinople, Enos, Galat;c,
Larissa, Macri, Salonica, Sralanova, Smyrna.
Constantinople. — liy O.C., A\)<^. 13, 1836, all vessels clearing out from (lie United Kingdom for
llie Levant must anchor on tlio Asiatic sliore, off llie town Scutari, a little below Leander's
Tower, having a yellow flag flying at their main-ta(i gallant mast, there to remain until visited
by the harbourmaster, and lurnislied byrhim with the lequiretl lirman.
ISRITISII PRODUCE AND'MANUFACTURES.
The proportion of British produce and manufactures sent to Turkey is
one-twenty-fifih of the whole quantity exported. It is one-fifth of that
sent to the United States of America, one-half of that to Germany, four-
fiftlis of that to Holland, Italy, and the Brazils respectively : it exceeds
by one-third the exports to Portugal and France, the whole to Sweden,
Norway, Denmark, Prussia and Spain together ; it equals the amount to
Russia, and nearly that to our North American colonies ; it falls short
little more than one-third of the exports to our West and East Indian
possessions, and is double the amount lo China by the returns for 1835,
estimating the trade to Turkey at its true amount. It is now principally
carried on by the native merchants there, and their commission-houses
or partners in England, and shared with English houses.
It is well known that the Levant houses in England have been the
safest customers to our manufacturers of any within the whole compass
of their dealings ; and but one failure, scarcely to be called so, has taken
place among them during the last ten years. They continued throughout
the spring, making purchases of manufactures on a scale beyond former
precedent, and paving cash, while shipments were contracted to every
x2
276 EUROPE— TtTRKT?:v AND CoxTiNENTAi. Grekck. [1837-8.
other country, and credit had been shaken. Their command of funds
and activity in purchases attracted the more notice, at a time when orders
for America to the amount of millions remained unexecuted for want of
money or confidence.
An interruption of these shipments has inevitably ensued from the
general convulsion extendins: to Turkey, of which within itself the germs
do not exist. — British and Foreign Review, October, 1837.
MONEYS.
40 Paras = 1 Piastre.
The money of Turkey is so much debased that it bears but little more than a
nominal value. — Bills and Merchandise are chiefly valued from the rafe boniu
by Foreit^n Coins, particularly Spanish and German Dollars. — Reckoning the
former at 12^ Piastres, the value of the Piastre is about -Id. sterling.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
The Rottolo of 180 Diams ^ 1 .27 lb. Avoirdupois,
The Oke of 400 Drams = 2.83 lb. Avoirdupois.
The Almud (Liquid Measure) = 1 .1"' lb. Imperial Gallon.
The Killow of Corn = O.'Jfi Imperial Bushel.
The Pike = 2G English laches.
Tale's Modern Camlist.
GRECIAN MONEYS.
The new Greek and silver coin is called a drachm, and is composed of 9.10
silver and 1 .10 copper (4,029 grammes of silver and 448 grammes of copper).
The copper coin is called lopton, and contains 1,299 grammes of copper: 100
lepta make a drachm. Besides the drachm, there are also pieces of the value of
five drachms, of half a drachm, and of a ipiarter of a drachm. In copper ihere
arc half leptas, and pieces of 3 and 10 lepta. Gold 20 and 40 drachm pieces are
to be coined. The gold and silver coins have on one side the king's bust, witli
the inscription, '• Otho, King of Greece;" and on the other the arms of the
kingdom, and the value of the coin and the date of the year in figures. The
circulation of all other kinds of coin is annulled.
The following coins are the only ones taken at the Treasury, which gives in
exchange new coin, according to the following turiif: —
Pr
The franc .....••.
b franc piece ..... t •
20 ditto, gold
40 ditto, ditto
New Louis d'or .......
Dollars (Tallero Colon ati) .....
Maria Theresa, and other Austrian and Bavarian dollars
Austrian sovereigns (gold) .....
Austrian and Bavarian ducats • . . .
Dutch ducats .......
r;iclim.
Lopta.
1
11
5
58
22
33
44
«6
26
54
fi
3
5
78
38
88
13
6
13
17
Ed.
NAPLES AND SICILY.
Principal Ports. — Alicata, Brindisi, Barletta, Cirella, Cassano, Cata-
nia, Cefalu, Castel-a-mare, Gallipoli, Girgenti, Licata or Alicata, Man-
fredonia, Messina, Marsala, Mazzara, Naples, Palermo, Sciacca, Syra
case, Trapani, Terra Nova, Termini.
MONEYS.
20 Grani = 1 Taro.
30 Tari = 1 Oncia or Onza.
The Scudo is 12 Tari, or 2 Oncie are equal to 5 Srudi,
The full value of the Oncia is 10s. 3}jd, sterling.
83 7-8.] EUROPE.— Naples, Sicily, &c. 277
WEIGHTS AND MKASURES.
The Cantiiro of 100 Rottoli = 175.03 lb. Avoirdupois.
100 Pounds ol' 1-^ Ounces = 70.01 Do.
The ripe of Wine of 12 Sici-
lian Barrels = 94.33 Imperial Gallons.
The Salma of Corn = 7.61 Imperial Bushels.
The C'anna of 8 Palnii == 76. 17 English Inches.
Titters Modern Camhisl.
MOREA AND GREEK ISLANDS.
Principal Ports. — Andro, Argenticrra (Islands of), Canea, Coron,
Candia, Cos, Cyprus (Islands of), Dclos (Isle of), Hydra (Island), Lem-
iios (Island), Milo, Myconc, Mytilcne (Islands of), Napoli di Romania,
Navarino, Naxia, Negropont, Nicaria (Islands of), Paros, Patmos
(Islands), Rhodes (Island), Scio, Spczzia, Scarpanto, Stampalia, Syra,
Santorini, Skyro, Samos, (Islands), Tcncdos, Tiao (Islands).
PART THE TENTH.
ASIA.
As to the importation into the United Kingdom of goods, the produce
of Asia, and also as to importation into British possessions in Africa or
America, see p. 2.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS.
How the King may regulate Trade of Colonies. — It shall be lawful for
His Majesty, by any orders in council to be issued from time to time, to
make such regulations touching the trade and commerce to and from any
British possessions on or near the continent of Europe, or within the
Mediterranean Sea, or in Africa, or within the limits of the East India
Company's charter (excepting the poss^essions of the said company), as to
His Majesty in co.imcil shall appear most expedient and salutary ; and
if any goods be imported or ex})orted in any manner contrary to such
order, the same shall be forfeited, together with the ship importing or
exporting the same. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c 59, ^S 81.
ARABIA.
Principal Ports. — Aden, Beetlefackie, Bussorah or Basra, Hodeida,
Judda, Loheia, Mocha, Muscat.
PERSIA.
Principal Ports. — Bushire, Bahreen, Gombroon.
EAST INDIES.
EAST INDIA company's TERRITORIES, EXCLUSIVE OF SINGAPORE.
Principal Ports. — Allepee*, Ariacan, Bimlcpatam, Bombay Island,
Coringa, Calcutta, Chittagong, Fort William, Madras, jNIalacca, Penang,
Sural, Tanaserira, Tellicherry, Visigapatam.
SINGAPORE.
Principal Port. — Singapore.
Treasury Chambers, Sept. 1, 1835.
Sir, — Having laid before the Lords Commissioners of His Majesty's Treasury
your letter of tlie 'Jtiihof May last, rec^viesting their opinion ou the subject of the
• By C. O., Sept. 2S, 1833, Allepee, on the Ma'ahar coast, is not a Kiitisli possession, being,
like Qiiilon, a port witliin tlie doniiuions of the Itajah of Travancore.
By C. O., Fel). 16, 1837, Mysore is not a British possession >\ithiathe meaniug of 5 and 6
■Will. IV ,, 0. 60, and G and 7 Will. IV., c. 66, p. 24.
l«37-8.] ASIA.— Ceylon, French Settlements, &c. 279
right of the Americans to fraile between the United States and Singapore, I am
coinmauded by their lin-dsliips to acmuiiiit you, tliat, on an investigation ot'tlio
subject, and a communication wiih ibe Liw ofiicers of the Crown, they are ad-
vised that the Americ.ms are lej^ally authorizi-d to trade between the United
States, oi-'any port of the United Kinj^dom, and Sinj^apore, as also between the
United States and any port of the British possessions in the East Indies.
I am, Sir, your obedient servant, F. Bauinu,
To Charles Thomas, Esq., 71, Connaught Terrace.
CEYLON.
Principal Ports. — Colurabo, Point-de-Gallo, Trincomulco.
NEW MODE OF REMITT.^NCE.
Ceylon, July 15, 1837.
The Governor of Ceylon has issued an order, stating that " all public sejvants
will henceforth he at liberty to remit to England, in any produce of the colon}',
the amount of their actual savings from tlieir annual salaiies." This has occa-
sioned considerable discussion ihroii'jhout tlie isl.uid, and great difference of opi-
nion existson the subject. The native growers are of course satisfied, as it will
increise the number of buyers, and give considerable stimidus to the markets;
while the merchants regard the measure as an unjust interference in their trans-
actions, and contend that it will soon lead to shameful abuses, and make ail the
public servants mere merchants and traders, while their information wdl give
them consideral)le advantage over the regular mercliants. However, it is a mere
lemjiorary system, in conseijuence of the difficulty of obtaining good bills upon
England, and the desn-e of the executive 1o prevent the exportation of the pre-
cious metals from the island. — Private CoiTespundeiit.
MONEYS.
Silver. — The new lix dollars of 1821. received from England at 1*. dd, each.
The quarter Madras rupees, 200,000, imported in 1823 and 1824, originally issued
at 6(/. each, now made current from 1st of December 1834, at 5.j(/. each. — Pur'
ler's Tables.
FRENCH SETTLEMENTS.
Principal Port. — Poiidicheny.
DANISH SETTLEMENTS.
Pri/icipal Ports. — Seramporc, Tranquebar.
PORTUGUESE SETTLEMENTS.
Principal Ports. — Dui, Dumaum, Goa, Meliapour or St. Thome.
CUTCH AND SCIND.
Principal Purls. — Aurungabundar, Crotchey, Muddi, Tatla.
BIRMAN EMPIRE.
Principal Port. — Rangoon.
l?y C. O. All;;. C, 1835. it is stated, ihatdoubt luiving been entertained wliether ceitain pliiccs
wiihiii llie liurmesB territory, &c. aie to be considered as Biitisli possessions, — and the Coml of
Directors of tlie East India Company having, in return to the Hoard's innuiry on llie siiliject,
transmitted various e.\lrarts of Ueaties wliicli liave been conchided with some of tlie native
powers 1)1' India, — by which it appears tliat " a tract ol' territory, umv called Pvovin e Weilisley,
on llic coast opposite to PenaH;;, (Prince of Wales's Island,") extending t.«enly-eight miles from
the soulheru side of the Uiver Mooda to that of Carrian iucUisive, and mcasiuin^ (inland) lUteo
280 ASIA.— SiAM, Cochin China, Sumatra, &c. [1837-8.
miles,'' liasbeen ceded to (he Company by (lie ]iin<,' of Queda; that the following places ami
provinces have also beeu ceded to (he said Comjiany bv the king of Ava, viz., Aiacau, Yeh
Tavoy, Mergui, Tenasserim, with the islands and dependencies thereof, and are therefore
deemei\ to ha British possessions; and that of tlie newly acquired tenitorv, the principal ports
areas follow, \iz,, Moulmeen. Aracan, Sandowev, Hamree, Martabaii,' Tavoy, Mergui. and
Amherst, (on the coast of the Birman empire,) and Malacca and Nanning, on the M'alay va-
ninsuhi. -^ *
SIAM. '
Principal Ports.— "Qdinkok, Caiicao.
COCHIN CHINA.
Principal Ports. — Cambodia, Cachaa, Faifoe, Hue, Quinlion, Saigong,
Tarou or Hansan.
SUMATRA.
Principal Ports. — Bencoolen, Padang, Palerabang, Pedir, Tappancely.
JAVA.
Principal Ports. — Batavia, Cheriboii, Samarang, Sourabaya.
OTHER ISLANDS OF THE INDIAN SEAS.
exclusive of the Philippine Islands.
Principal Ports.— Amboyntx (Island), Banda, Banka, Batchian, Bille-
ton, Bintand, Borneo, Bauro (Islands of), Celebes (Island), Gilolo (Island),
Motir, Mysol, Matchian (Islands of). New Guinea (Island), Pelew
Islands, Ternate, Tidore, Timor (Islands).
PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
Principal Ports. — Leyte, Luxon or Lu^onia (Islands), Mindanao,
Mindoro, Manilla (Islands), Negros (Island), Panay, Palawan (Islands),
Sainar (Island), Zebu (Island).
The fullowin^- communication is from Mr. John H. Robertson, late
commander of the bark Minerva, of Alloa: — " When bound from Sidney
to Manilla, on the 10th of September, 1834, at 2 o'clock, A. m., the vessel
■struck on a coral rock (not laid down in any of the English charts),
bearing from point St. Jago, island of Luconia, one of the Philippine
islands, E.S.E. ^ E. four or five miles distant. Within half a mile of the
rock there are 17 fathoms. Point St. Jago lies in about 13° 31' north lat.
120° 31' east longitude."' Some years ago an American ship was to-
tally wrecked upon the same rock.
CHINA.
Principal Port. — Canton.
Office of Committee of Privy Coimcil for Trade,
Whitehall. Dec. '24, 1833.
Sir, — The Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for Trade having reason
to believe, from applications addressed to this Board, that doubts are enti'rtained
by some of the merchants in this country as to the precise extent of the port of
Canton, their Lordships have thought it right to obtain the necessary informa-
tion on this subject ; and their Lordships find that the commissioners for the
affairs of India consider that the Bocca Tigris marks the limits of the port of
Canton, in which opinion the lords of this committee concur.
1837-8.] ASIA.— China, &c, 281
I am commamlcd to communicate to you tht- above stafeuicnt for the iiifoima-
tioa of the merchants and others who may engage in the trade to China.
1 am, &c.
To the Chairman of Lloyd's. Thomas Lack.
COMMISSIONER AT LINTIN.
Canton. Nov. 2.3, 1835.
Official notice has hcen tjiven, that from the 25th of November 183j, a mem-
ber of the commission of British trade in China would reside at Lintin, to obviate
the necessity of commanders of vessels repairing to j\Iacao for the purpose of
obtaining a port clearance. — Offwiul Correspondent.
TV.K SALES.
The merchants connected with the East India and China Trade Association
having had a letter from the tea trade before them, have come to the determina-
tion of recommending the adoption of quarterly sales of teas by the private
traders. The letter from the chairman of the tea brokers to the association which
was formed to watch over the interests of the East India and China trade, on
the abolition of the exclusive trade of the East India Company, is as follows: —
To the chairman, deputy-chairman, and gentlemen of the committee of the
East India and China Association;
Gentlemen, — ^Vith the present year the sales of the East India Company, as
regards tea, will cease. Upon opening the free trade in tea, j)nbUc sales at in-
tervals of about six weeks were agreed to be. and have been held, namely, one at
the close of each quarterly sale of the East India Company, and one about the
middle of each quarter, thus making ci^ht sales in the year. This mode was
adopted with the view to meet the desire of the various classes of importers ; but,
by the end of the first twelvemonth, it was fi)und to produce inconveniences tliat
more than counterbalanced tlie advantages anticipated, viz., the bringing on the
teas at such short periods as precluded the dealers and brokers in most instances
from making the requisite comparison as to quality and value; the holding a
second sale before the dealers had had the opportunity to dispose of their pur-
chases ; the fear, residting from the above, to purchase except sparingly ; the
consequent rejection of great portions of each sale ; the bringing forward again
and again the teas which had been so rejected, and thus increasing quantity and
de|>rebbiug all ; and the rendering it impossible to effect to any extent private
sales.
But as it was known that the Company's stock would be disposed of about the
end of the present year, it was thought advisable not to disturb the arrange-
ments that had been made; and the interval has served to confirm fully the m-
tonveniencestliat had been experienced ; and as the trade will henceforth he with
the import merchants only, we beg respectfully to suggest for your considera-
tion, and, it you ajiprove, recommendation, that for the general benefit of im-
porters, dealers, and all connected with the tea-trade, quarterly sales be adopted.
I remain, &c.
J. ^VlI.LIAMS,
Nov. 6, 1837. Chairman of the Tea-brokers.
The association, after the fullest consideration, have resolved unanimously,
that it will be for the general benefit of the importers, dealers, and all connected
with the tea-tiade, that quarterly sales should be adopted ; and that this resolu-
tion be communicated to the merchants, importers, and others interested in the
trade. Archibald Hastie, Deputy Chairman.
KXCIIANGE.
A Canton price-current of May 9, 1S37, reports the exchange on London as
steady, at bs. per dollar. Spanish dollars par to 1 premium. — Ed.
PADANG, &c.
Extract from the register of the resolutions of the Governor-General of
India: — Buitenzorg, May 10, 1837.
Having, &c.
We have thought fit,
1. To order, that deviating so far from the resolution of the 14th of Novem-
ber, 1834, No. 4, it shall henceforth be allowed to import into Padang all manu-
282 ASIA.— East Indies, China. 11837-8,
factures of wool and cotton manufactured in places to the west of the Cape of
Good Hope, without any proof that the goods have been previously imported
or exported at Batavia, Samarang, or Sourabaya, and this whether the goods be
manufactured in the Netherlands or in foreign countries.
2. To declare that no change is hereby made in the resolution of the 1st of
July, 1834, No. 4, by which the import duties on woollens and cottons are
augmented ; and in case that they are manufactured in countries witli which the
kingdom of the Netherlands is not on terms of amity, the regulations are to bo
still strictly enforced.
EAST INDIA AND CHINA TRADE.
HisToiiiCAL Sketch.
The charter granted by King Will. III., in the year 1G98, is the foundation of
the privileges now enjoyed by the United East India Company.
The exchisive privilege of trading eastward of the Cape of Good Hope to the
Straits of Magellan was then granted, and confirmed by the Act of l) and 10
Will. III., c. 44, and was subsequently continued to them by successive Acts of
Pai-hament until 17!I4. In 1793 the Act of 33 Geo. III., c. 52, was passed, by
which the British territories in India, together with the exclusive trade, were,
under certain limitations, continued to the Company for the further term of
twenty years. In 1814 the trade with India was open to the public; and that
with China, and the trade in tea generally, were reserved exclusively to the
Companj'.
The great and striking distinction between the present and every former
charter lies in the change which it effects in the character and functions of the
Company. The corporation has hitherto been considered as essentially commer-
cial, and only accidentally political or sovereign, being properly entitled "The
United Company of Merchants of England trading to the East Indies." It is
now; entirely divested of its trading functions, and is only retained as a political
instrument for governing the mighty empire which its extraordinary fortunes
had thrown in its way, or which extraordinary contingencies had compelled its
servants to conquer and to occupy. — Ed,
Pkogress of the New System.
Sufficient time has not elapsed to afford the means of forming an adequate
judgment of the commercial results of the recent Acts of the legislature for the
administration of India ; but it may still be desirable to trace the progress of our
relations with India and China.
The trade of the United Kingdom with the Continent and Islands of India,
excluding China, has now been partially open for a period of twenty-seven years.
Under the East India Company, the real value of all exports to India was 1,81)0,000/.
a-year. It now exceeds 4,000,000/., and the India consumers have their goods
for about one-third of what they cost under thy old system. There wore exported
under the East India Company about 800,000 yards of cotton goods, worth, at
the high prices of IS 14, about 100,000/. There are now exported above forty
millions of yards of cloth, and about five milliuns of pounds of twist or yarn, none
of the latter having been exported by the Company at all. The value of tlie
whole cotton goods, at the present reduced prices, is not short of two millions
sterling a-year ; so that this branch of the Indian trade has been multiplied in
value twenly-fold, and in quantity at least sixty-fold. Such an export to such a
country may he looked upon as one of the most singidar events in the annals of
commerce and industiy. The houses of London, Liverpool, and Glasgowj
] 837-8,] ASIA. — East Indies, China. 283
previously carrying on commerce with the East Indies, have entered largely into
the China trade; and in Bristol also extensive importations have been made by d
mercantile house formed for the express purpose. — E,d, .
EAST INDIES.
Oct. 18, 18,37.
Gratifying intelligence has been received, via Bombay, of the progress of
Captain Burnes, who, it will be remembered, had been sent on a special mission
to the states on the Indus with the view of establishing a commercial intercourse
on that noble river. Captain Burnes had been most kindly treated by the dif-
ferent chiefs he had visited, and lost no opportunity of instilling into their minds
oiu- British ideas of commerce, while the otber officers of the mission were
devoting themselves to tbe survey of the Iiulus. In his former voyage this per-
severing officer left the Indus itself at Blittun, and ascended the Ravee or
Hydraotes to Lahore, but his intention at present is to follow the course of the
main branch to Atok, and thence proceed to Cabul by the route he took when
on his journey to Bokhara. The last report mentions the arrival of the mission
at Bahwulpoor, about ()00 miles up the Indus, and that he was about to be
joined by Mr. Mattheson, an English merchant, luidcr instructions from Runjeet
Singh, who was to accompany him to Cfibul. — Kd,
CABUL.
A Pamphlet has just been published by Unwin, of St. Peter's Alley, Cornhill,
with a Map bearing the imprint of " John Murray, Albemarle Street,"— entitled
" Abstract of Proceedings relative to the Trade and Navigation of the Indus,
since the settlement of the last Treaty regarding that River."
The '• Monthly Review" of September, 1837, in speaking of this pamphlet,
sa3^s. that, independent of the light it throws upon one of the grandest channels
for the enterprise of Britain and her colonies, it contains a considerable anrount
of geographical and statistical information that is new or difficult to be elsewhere
obtained."
The Editor of '• The Yearly Jom-nal of Trade" considers himself fortunate
therefore in being enabled to present to his readers the following extracts from it,
referring those who desire further information on the topic to the work itself.
'• The Honourable the Governor General of Inilia in council has been pleased
to direct tbe following paper, describing the trade of Cabul, to be published for
general information : —
" Kabul, the cajiital city of an extensive kingdom, is not only the centre of a
large internal traffic, but enjoying eminent advantages of locality, ought to
possess the whole of the carrying trade betAveen India and Turkistan. A trade
has ever existed between India and Afghanistan ; the Litter deriving from the
former a variety of commodities, foreign to the produce of its own soil, climate,
and manufactures, while she has little to return beyond fruits of native growth.
Afghanistan is dependent upon India for articles indispensable for the conveni-
ence of her inhabitiints, and the carrying on of her few manufactures, as tine
calicoes, indigo, spices, drugs, &c. Of late years, the introduction of British
manufactured goods, as fine calicoes, muslins, chintzes, shawls, &c., has ])ro-
duced a new era in tbis trade, superseding in a great measure the inferior im-
jiortatioiis as to quality from India, and the m(,re expensiva fabrics from
Kashmir. The consumption of these manufactures at Kabul, although extensive
and increasing, will, from causes, have a limit, but to what extent they might be
transmitted to tlie markets of Turkistan cannot be so easily defined. At the
same time that British manufactured goods have found their way to Kabul, so
have also Russian, and what is singular, even British manui'actuVed goods may
be found at Kabul which have been imported iroiu Bokhara.
284 ASIA.—East Indies. [1837-8.
The anarchy reigning in Afghanistan for a long period, and the ambiguous
political relations of the several petiy governments, at the present time esta-
blished in it, have not been fatourable to the prosecution of its commerce ; yet
it would appear that during the last few years the trade of Kabul has consider-
ably increased, — the custom-house of Kabul, under the Suddozie princes, being
farmed for only 25,000 rupees per annum, and that of Ghanzi for only 7,000
rupees per annum, whereas the last year (lfJ34) the former was farmed for one
lack and 40,000 rupees, and the latter for 80,000 rupees, — while the duties
levied are at the same rate, viz., a chahalek or 2^ per cent, ad valorem. With
respect to the value of the trade of Kabul, it may be observed that there are six
points within its territories where duties on merchandize are levied ; viz. Kabul,
Ghanzi, Bilmian, Charreekar, Lughur, and Jalalabad. The transit duties at
these several places in 1834 ^vere farmed as follow;—
Kabul.
140,000 X 40= J,(i00,000-^12 R^. per £46G,GG6 f
Ghanzi.
80,000 X 40=3,200,000-^12 266,606 +
Bamtan.
50,000x40 = 2,000,000-^12 166,666 +
CliaiTeekar.
10,000x40= 400,000-^12 33,333 +
Loghur.
6,000x40= 240,000-^12 20,000.
Jala/abad.
12,000x40= 480,000-1-12 40,000.
298,000{'r''*f/™°""\/^l"^ i \ £993,331
I of duties. Merchandize. J '
This table only correctly shows the amount of benefit to the state derived from
direct duties on merchandize, as duties are levied on the same goods frequently
at two places, as at Ghanzi and Kabul, &c. ; yet when it is considered that the
farmers of them reap, or expect to reap a profit, and that smuggling to a very
great extent prevails, while there is a constant evasion of payment of duty
through favour, power, or other circumstances, the calculation that the trade of
Kabul with her neighbours may be of the value of one million sterling is likely
lo fall short of rather than to exceed the truth. Of this sum, 200,000/. will be
the value of its trade with Turkistau.
The opening of the navigation of the Indus, and the establishment of British
factories at I\lithankot, cannot fail to have a salutary effect in increasing the
extent and facility of commercial transactions between India and Kabul, and of
inducing a much larger consumption of British manufactured goods both in
Kabul and Turkistan.
In proportion to the extent and variety in the assortment of goods at Mithan-
kot will, of course, be the facility of introducing and disposing of them. At
Candahar, whose commerce is very short of that of Kabul, but whose merchants
generally proceed to Bombay, where there is no want of allurement to purchase
from deficiency in the abundance, variety, and display, of goods, there are an
infinity of articles to be found, which are in vain sought for at Kabid. Of the
commodities of India and manufactures of Britain, which would find sale in
Afghanistan and Turkistan, the former are well known, and would remain as at
present, the demand being only increased, as spices, indigo, muslins, fine sugar,
drugs, &c., were diminished in price by the additional facilities which would be
given to commerce; but of the latter a great variety of new articles might be
introduced, — chintzes, fine calicoes, muslins, shawls, &c., of British manufacture,
have now become fashionable; and investments of broad cloth, velvet, paper,
cutlery, china-ware, gold and silver lace, gold thread, buttons, needles, sewing
silks and cotton thread, iron bars, copper, tin, brass and quicksilver, iron and
steel wire, looking-glasses, with a multitude of various little articles conducive
to comfort and convenience would be readi)y disposed of. It is singular that not
a sheet of English manufactured writing paper can be found in the bazaar of
Kabul, while Russian foolscap, of coarse inferior qualitj', abounds, and is gene-
rally employed in the public departments.
It may not be improper to enumerate some of the articles which form the bulk
18.17-S.J ASIA.— East iNDtKS. 285
of the exports from Russia to Bokhara, specifyinj^ such thereof as find their
way to Kfibiil. Thii exact amount of the Russian exports to Bokhara, if aa
object to 1)1! ascortiiiued, cm be t'ouud by reference to the Pelersburgh Gazelles,
if accessible, in which they are juinted.
Miiiii/J'dcliired Goo'lx, cSt.
Broad cloth re-exported to Kabul in hirge (juantities.
Fine lineus and calicoes.
Silk goods re-exported to K.lbul in kirge fpiantities.
Velvets ditto.
Chintzes, rarel)" to Kahid,
Sewing thread and silk.
Gold and silver hrce re-exported to Kilbul.
Gold and silver thread re-exjjorted to Kabul,
Needles re-exported to Kabid.
Steel and copper wire re-exported to Kabnl.
Leather of Btilgav re-exported to Kabul.
Paper re-exjorted to Kabul.
China-ware rarely to Kabul,
Glass-ware.
Cutlery.
Loaf sugar verj' rarely.
Iron in bars.
Steel in bars.
Tni in jdates.
Copper in plates re-exported to Kiibul.
Brass re-exported to Kabul.
Quicksilver re-exported to K;'d)u!.
Cochineal re-exported to Kiibul.
Tea re-expcnted to Kiibul.
Honey.
\Vax. white and yellow.
Li glancing over this imperfect list, it will ho obvious that many of the articles
of Russian manufacture nuist largely imported to Kabul, via Bokhara, onrrht to
be superseded by similar ones from Bombay.
I shall close these remarks, which principally turn on the trade between Russia
and Kiibid, via Bokhara, by observing that the Russian merchants so nicely
study the w.ints and even disposition of the people with v/hom they traffic, that
iiudtitudes of the inbaliitants of Kalud are tu be seen with ('hupans of Nankah
on their backs, actually got up and sewn at Orenberg — -while all the shops in
the city may be searched in vain ior a single button of British or indeed any
other manufacture, when one, two, three or more are required for the dress of
every individual, as substitutes lor which they are compelled to use thread
simply twisted into a spherical shape.
TRADE WITH U. S. OF AMERICA.
Statement of the Imports into and Exports from the Ports of the United
States of America and China, East Indies, &c., for the years 1835 and 183G: —
EXPOKTS. IMPORTS.
1835 183f) 1835 1836.
Dollars. Dollars.
Dutch East Indies . 1,44-1,290 1,079,022 800,388 1.477,906
British ditto . . 754,058 724,770 1,697,893 2,954,476
Manilla and Philip-
pine Islands . . 89,099 60,033 413,815 803,330
China , . . . 1,868,580 1,194,264 5,987.187 7,324,>sl6
Asia, generally , . 729,4-i3 368,527 94,824 245,948
4,885,450 3,426,622 8,994,107 12,806,476
Deduct Exports 4,885,450 3,426,622
4,108,657 9,379,854
Deduct Exports of East India produce from the
United States to Europe 1,815,062 3,431,000
Amount to be paid for in bills on England , . 2,293,595 5,918,854
286
ASIA. — East Indies.
[1837-8.
BOMBAY.
Collpn.
Bombay, July 15, 1837.
There has been a decline in- the price of cotton here, averaj^ing at from 10 to
12 rupees per candy, and the market is very heavy. 300 candies of Oomrawalty
have been sold at 110, and 1.000 bales of the same at 108 rupees per candy.
Surats are 140, and Dolerch 105 to 115 ; but these prices are almost nominal.
There is no alteration of moment in opium. The total number of chests lor
which piisses had been taken out during the season amount to 19,912, of which
19,703 have already arrived, and 18,546 exported to China and the eastward.
The rate of ea-chnnge on England at Calcutta was 2s. '2d. to 2s. 3fZ., and at
Bombay Is. 11 5^/. to 2s. per rupee. The annexed is a statement of the imports
and exports of cotton, in Surat candies, from and to the port of Bombay in the
years 1833, 1834, 1835, 1836, and six months of 1837, between the 1st of
January and 31st December of each year, by which it will be seen that the
imports in 1836 exceeded those of 1833 by 19.884 candies, those of 1834 by
28.950, and those of 1835 by 56,909 candies. The exports in 1836 exceeded
those of 1833 by 39,248, those of 1834 by 44,825, and those of 1835 by 66,677
candies.
IMPORTS.
1833.
1834. 183.5.
■
1836.
1837, 1st 6
months,
From Gnzerat . .
Concan
Porebunder . .
Malabar
Eastern Kat-
tywar ....
Western do. .
107,363
8,669
1,063
822
79,792 i 32,139
21,246 i 30,319
255 1 1,000
5,558 : 17,434
!
62,622
26,389
4,027
17,619
23,149
3,995
24,457
26,014
1,802
8,217
22,089
6,072
117,917
106,851
80,892 137,801
88,711
To London ....
Liverpool . . .
Clyde
China
France, &c. . .
Persian Ciulf .
and Mauritius
EXPORTS.
1833.
1834.
1835.
1836.
18.37, 1st 6
months.
15,641
25,610
3,687
62,372
1,338
13,198
22,142
5,557
59,484
2,690
15,200
27.609
9,020
26,304
3,0S6
32,902
43,421
7,338
61,258
701
2,276
11,743
19,333
2,284
38,228
60
1,907
108,648
103,071
81,219
147,896
73,555
CALCUTTA.
Calcutta, July 15, 1837.
The rate of exchange on England is 2s. '2d. to 2,?. 3^^. per rupee. — P/ivate Cor-
respondent.
TRADE IN GENERAL.
By 9 and 10 MHll. IIL, c. 44, ^S 61, certain persons are allowed to
freely traffio, "and \ise the trade of. merchandize in such places, and by
such ways and passages, as are already frequented, tbund out, or disco-
vered, or which shall be fouud out and discovered, and as they severally
1837-8.] ASIA.— East Indies. 287
shall esteem and tale to be the fittest or best for them, into and from the
East Indies, in the countries and parts of Asia and Africa, and into and
from the islands, ports, havens, cities, creeks, towns, and places of Asia,
Africa, and America, or any of them, beyond the Cape of Bona Espe-
r;inza, to the Straits of Musiclhm, where any trade or traflic of merchan-
dize is or may be used or had, and to and from every one of them."
By 33 Geo. III., c. .52, \S 71, the East India Company sliall enjoy the
exclusive trade, and the only privilca;e of trading in, to, and from the East
Indies, and in, to, and from, all the islands and places hotweun the Capo
of Good Hope and Straits of Magellan, and limits in 9 Will. III., or in a
certain charter of the 5th of September, in the lOth year of the same king
mentioned, in as atnple and l)eneficial manner as the Company could
thereby or otherwise hiwfully trade thereto, subject nevertheless to the
several regulations of that Act.
By 53 Geo. 111., c. 155,^^ 1, the territorial acquisitions mentioned in
33 Geo. III., c. 52, together with such of the territorial acquisitions since
obtained upon the continent of Asia, or in any islands situate to the north
of the equator as are now in the possession of, and under the government
of, tiie East India Company, with the revenues thereof respectively, shall
continue in the possession and under the government of the Company,
subject to such authorities, for the superintendence over all concerns
which relate to the civil or military government or revenues of the said
territories, and to such further regulations as have been already made by
any jVct of Parliament in that behalf, or are made by this Act, for a
further term, to be computed from the 10th April, 1814, until the same
shall be determined by virtue of the proviso hereinafter contained.
By C Geo. IV., c. 107, ^ 115, the term "Limits of the East India
Company's charter" shall he construed to mean all places and seas east-
ward of the Cape of Good Hope to the Straits of Magellan.
Goods of places within the limits of the East India Company's charter,
unless into such ports in the United Kingdom as shall be approved of by
the Lords of the Treasury, and declared by order in council to be fit and
proper for such importation, prohibited to be imported on pain of for-
feiture. 3 and 4 AVill. IV., c. 52, ^S 58.
By (). C , .T.nn. 30, 1827, Sept. 17, L«34, and Aug. 26, 1835, tlie followin;; povts are deelareil (it
ami iiioprr I'ov llio impoitalion olgoods of places witliin the limits of tlie Kast India Conjpaiij'a
charter, viz. : —
London, Dnlilin, Lcitli,
l.ivi'ipaol, Coik, Gieenocli,
Bristol, Belf ist, I'ort Glasgow.
Gloucester, O. C, A»g. 19, 1S37. NVaterford.
Hull,
NeHcastlo-upon-Tync,
Wliitchaven.
C/ti??a and Tea Trade. — From April 22, 1S34, the exclusive right of
trading with the dominions of the Emperor of China, and of trading in
tea, continued to the Companv by the said 53 Geo. III., shall cease. 3 &
4 Will. IV., c. 85, s^ 3.
Company to close thoir Business. — The Company shall, with all con-
venient speed, after April 22, 1834, close their commercial business, and
make sale of all their merchandise, stores, and effects at home and
abroad. (J 4.
Hoio Persons may reside in certain parts xrithout License. — It shall l)e
lawful for any natnral-born subjects of His Majesty to proceed bv sea to
any place having a custom-house establishment within the territories, and
to reside thereat, or to proceed to and reside in or pass through any part
of such of the territories as were under the government of the Company
on January 1, 1800, and in any part of the country ceded by the mibob
of the Carnatic, of the province of Cuttack, and of the settlements of Sin-
gapore and Malacca, unthoiit any license whatever: provided that all
subjects of His Majesty, not natives of the said territories, shall on their
288 ASIA.— East Indies. [1837-8.
an-iviil ill any pari: of the said territories from any placfi not witliin the
Raid territories, make known in writing their names, places of destination,
and objects of ])ursuit in India, to the chief officer of customs or other
otficer authorised for that purpose at such place as aforesaid. § S],
License in certain Cases. Parts of India ivithout License. — It shall
not be lawful for any subject of His Majesty, except the servants of the
said Company and others now lawfully authorised to reside in the said
territories, to enter the same by land, or to proceed to or reside in any
place in such parts of the said territories as are not hereinbefore in that
behalf mentioned, without license from the said board of commissioners,
or the said court of directors, or the said governor-general in council, or
a governor or governor in council of any of the said presidencies ibr that
purpose first obtained: provided that no license given to any natural-born
subject of His Majesty to reside in parts of the territories not open to all
such subjects shall be determined or revoked unless in accordance with
the terms of some e:;press clause of revocation or determination in such
license contained. § 82.
Other Places. — It shall be lawful for the governor-general in council,
with the previous consent and approbation of the court of director* for
that purpose obtained, to declare any place whatever within the said
territories open to all His Majesty's natural-born subjects, and it shall
be thenceforth lawful for any of His Majesty's natural-born subjects to
proceed to, or reside in, or pass through any place or places declared open,
without any license whatever. ^ 83.
Trade Opened. — It shall be lawful for any of His Majesty's subjects to
carry on trade with anv countries beyond the Cape of Good Hope to the
Straits of Magellan. 3 and 4 Will. IV., o. 93, ^S 2.
List of Persons on board Ship arriiiingin India.— The person having
the command of any ship arriving at any place in the possession of or
xinder the government of tlie said Company shall make out, sign, and
deliver to the principal otlicer of customs, or other person thereunto
lawfully authorised, a true and perfect list, specifying the names, capa-
cities, and description of all persons v/ho shall have been on board such
ship at the time of its arrival ; and if any person having the command of
such ship shall not make out, sign, and deliver svich list, he shall forfeit
1 OOl., one-half part of which penalty shall belong to such persons as shall
inform or sue for the same, and the other half part to the said Company ;
and if the said Company shall inform or sue for the same, then the whole
of the said penalty shall belong to the said Company. ^S 3.
A]Tpoinfme?it of SupeJ-intendents. — It shall be lawful for His Majesty
to appoint not exceeding three of His Majesty's subjects to be super-
intendents of the trade of His Majesty's subjects to and from China, for
the purpose of protecting and promoting such trade, and to settle such
gradation and subordination among the said superintendents (one of
whom shall be styled the chief superintendent), and to appoint such offi-
cers to assist them in the execution of their duties, and to grant such
salaries to such superintendents and officers, as His Majesty shall from
time to time deem expedient*. § 5.
• By O. C, Dec. 9, 1833, it is ordered, tliat all (he iiowers wliicli, on the 21st day of April,
1834, shall by law be vested in the supiacargoes ol the United Company of Meichants trading
to the East Indies, in respect of the trade of His Majesty's subjects at the port of Canton, shall
be, and the same are hereby vested in the superintendents for the time being appointed under
the said Act of parliament; and that all regulations which, on the said day, shall be in force
touching the said trade, save so f;ir as the same are repealed or abrogated by the said .^ct of
Parliament, or by any commission and instructions, or orders in council, issued or made by Ilis
Majesty in pursiianee thereof, or are inconsistent therewith, shall continue in full force.
Provided tli.it the regulations herein contained are and shall be considered as provisional
only, and as intended to coniiniie in force only until His Majesty shall be jdeased to make such
further or other order in tlie premises, in pursuance of the said Act oi Parliament, as to
His Majesty, with the advice of his pri^y council, may hereafter seem salutary or expedient, in
reference to such further information and expevieuce as may hereafter be derived from ilie
future course of the said trude. And
1837-8.] ASIA.— East Indiks. 289
How His Majpsty may issue Orders and Commissvms. Regulations
tnuc/iing Trade. — It shall be lawful for His Majesty to give to the said
superintendents powers and authorities over the trade and commerce of
His Majesty's subjects within any part of the said dominions ; and to issue
directions touching the said trade and commerce, and for the government
of His Majesty's subjects within the said dominions ; and to impose
penalties, or imprisonments for the breach of any such directions. ^S 6.
Tonnaga Duty. London Gazette. — It shall be lawful for His Majesty,
by any order to be issued from time to time, to impose, and to empower
such persons as His Majesty in council shall think fit to collect on ac-
count of any ship belonging to any of the subjects of His Majesty enter-
ing any place where the said superintendents or any of them shall be
stationed, such duty on tonnage and goods as shall from time to time be
specified in such order, not exceeding in respect of tonnage .is, for every
ton, and not exceeding in respect of goods 10*. for every 100/. of the value
of the same, the fund arising from the collection of which duties shall
be appropriated in such manner as His Majesty in council shall direct,
towards defraying the expenses of the establishments by this Act autho-
rized within the said dominions : Provided always, that every order in
council, issued by authority of this Act shall be published in the London
Gazette, and that every such order in council, and the amount of the ex-
pense incurred, and of duties raised under this Act, shall be annually
laid before hoiXx Houses of Parliament. ^S 8.
Privileges of Ships.— AW ships built at any place within the limits of
the East India Company's charter prior to January 1, 1816, and which
then were and have continued ever since to be solely the property of His
Majesty's subjects, shall be deemed to be British ships for all the pur-
poses of trade within the said limits, including the Cape of Good Hope.
3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 59, ^'i 82.
Certificate of Sugar. — It shall be lawful for any person, being the
shipper of any sugar the pi'oduce of some B. P. within the limits of the
East India Company's charter, to be exported from any place in such
possession, to go before the collector or comptroller or other chief officer
of customs at such place, or, if there be no such officer of customs, to go
before the principal officer of such place, or the judge or commercial re-
sident of the district, and make and sign an affidavit before him that
such sugar was really and bona fide the produce of such B. P., to the
best of his knowledge and belief; and such officer, judge, or resident is
hereby authorized and required to administer such affidavit, and to grant
a certificate thereof, setting forth in such certificate the name of the ship
in which the sugar is to be exported, and the destination of the same. § 83.
Lascars arid Natives of India. No Asiatic sailors, lascars, or natives
of any of the territories, countries, islands, or places within the limits of
the charter of the East India Company, although born in territories,
countries, islands, or places under the government of His Majesty, or of
the East India Company, shall at any time be deemed to be British
sailors, seamen, or mariners within the intent and meaning of any Act
of parliament relating to the navigation of British ships by subjects of
His Majesty, for the purpose of entitling any vessel to be deemed to be a
British ship navigated according to law, and to have the privileges and
Anil it is furtlier ordered, that the said superintendents shall compile and publish, for tlie
information of all whom it may concern, the several res^ulations hereby established and con-
firmed as aforesaid ; and that such publication, when so made with the authority of the said
superintendents, shall, for .all purposes, be deemed to be legal and conclusive evidence of tlie
existence and of the terms of any such regulation.
And it is further ordered, tluit the said superintendents shall, on the arrival of any British
vessel at the port of Canton aforesaid, cause to be delivered to tlie master, commander, or other
principal oflicer of such vessel, a copy of sucli regulations; and that every such master,
commander, or other officer, together with every other person arriving in or being on board any
6uch ship, shall be bound, and is horeby required, to conform himself to such regulations,
U
290 ASIA.-— East Indies. [1837-8.
advantages of British ships having the master and three-fourths of the
mariners British subjects ; provided also, that it shall be lawful for His
Majesty, by his royal proclamation, upon or after the commencement of
any hostilities, to permit all merchant ships, or any other trading vessels,
and all privateers, to be manned wholly, or in any such proportions as
shall be specified in any such proclamation with such Asiatic sailors, las-
cars, or natives, for such periods as shall be specified in any such pro-
clamation. 4 Geo. IV., c. 80, ^S 20.
Propoi-tion of Lascars. — Any vessel duly registered, manned in part
with lascars or natives of India, which shall be commanded by a British
master, and navigated by four British seamen, as part of the crew for
every hundred tons of her registered burthen, and so in proportion for
any part of a hundred tons, shall be deemed to be navigated according to
law as to the crew of any such vessel, although the number of such Bri-
tish seamen shall not be equal to the proportion of three-fourths of the
whole crew of such vessel. § 21.
British Seamen Wanting. — And whereas it may not always be pos-
sible to procure the due proportion of British seamen at ports in India
for vessels sailing from India, it is therefore enacted, that it shall be
lawful for any of the governments of the East India Company in India,
or for any governor or lieutenant-governor of any colony, territory, or
island belonging to His Majesty, within the limits of the said charter,
and they are hereby required, on application made by the owner or com-
mander of any vessel, and after having ascertained by due inquiry, that
a suflticient number of British seamen cannot be procured for the crew of
any vessel sailing from India, within ten days from such application, to
certify the same, and license such vessel to sail and carry on her voyage
with a less proportion of British seamen than required by law ; and every
such ship, having on board such license, and the proportion of British
seamen therein specified, shall be deemed to be navigated according to
law, notwithstanding such deficiency of British seamen. ^^ 22.
Seamen in Limits only. — Nothing in this or in any other Act of par-
liament shall extend to require any number of British seamen to be on
board as part of the crew or mariners of any vessel employed in trade
only between places within the limits of the charter of the said company,
including the Cape of Good Hope. ^ 23.
Former Act as to Lascars. — From and after 1st June, 1824, all the
provisions in 54 Geo. III., c. 134, relative to Asiatic sailors, lascars, or
natives of any territories, countries, or places within the limits of the
charter of the company, are hereby repealed, except as to the recovery
of any sum of money which has become or may become due on any bond
which may have been or ought to have been entered into before the said
day, or of any sum of money which has otherwise become or may become
due by virtue of the said Act, before the said day. ^ 24.
Rules as to Masters and Crews by Governor of Fort Williatn. — The
governor-general of Fort William in Bengal, in council, is hereby re-
quired, as soon as may be, to make and publish, and from time to time,
as occasion may require, to repeal and alter, and newly to make and pub-
lish such regulations, to be observed by masters, officers, and owners of
vessels trading under the authority of this Act, the crews of which ves-
sels shall be wholly or in part composed of Asiatic sailors, lascars, or
natives of any of the places within the limits of the charter of the com-
pany, for the due supply of provisions, clothing and other necessary ac-
commodation of such Asiatic sailors, lascars, and natives, whilst they shall
be on board such vessels, and whilst absent from the countries or places
to which they shall respectively belong, and until they shall be carried
back to the places to which they may belong, or whence they may have
been brought, and for the conveyance back of such Asiatic sailors, lascars,
or natives, within a reasonable time, to be fixed by such regulations. ^J 25.
1837-8.] ASIA.—East Indiks. 291
Rules Binding. — All such regulations, until they shall be repealed or
altered, shall be observed in like nianniT as if they had formed part of
this Act; and a copy of every such rej^ulation, sisrncd and authenticated
as such by the secretary of the j;overnor of Bensjal, or by the secretary of
the company, shall be received in and by all courts, justices, and other
persons, as full evidence of such rcf^ulations. \S '26.
Lish- o/ Lascars o)i arrival in Uniteil Kingdom. — The master of every
vessel tradin<i; under the authority of this Act, which shall arrive at any
port in the United Kingdom of Great Britain or Ireland, and which shall
have on board, or which (Uuin<!; any part of her voyage shall have had on
board, either as part of her crew, or in any other character, or for any
other reason, any Asiatic sailor, lascar, or native of any of the territories,
countries, islands, or places within the limits of the charter of the com-
pany, before such vessel shall be admitted to entry, shall make out and
exhibit to the ])rincipal otllcers of customs, or other person thereunto
lawfully authorized, a true and perfect list and description of every such
Asiatic sailor, lascar, or native, which shall then be, or who during any
part of her voyage shall have been on board such vessel, with a true ac-
count and statement of what shall have become of every such Asiatic
sailor, lascar, and native aforesaid, who may have been and shall not then
be on board. § 27.
Breach nf Rules as to Lascars. — For every breach or non-observance
of any regulation to be made in pursuance of this Act, in relation to
Asiatic sailors, lascars, or natives aforesaid, which shall have happened,
and for every omission to make out and exhibit such list, description,
account, or statement of all such Asiatic sailors, lascars, or natives, the
master and every owner of the vessel on board which any such Asiatic
sailor, lascar, or native shall be or shall have been, shall forfeit 10/. for
every Asiatic sailor, lascar, or native aforesaid, in respect of whom such
breach, non-observance, omission, or defect, shall have happened. ^ 28.
Lascar Vagrants. — And whereas it may happen that Asiatic sailors,
lascars, and natives aforesaid, may refuse to accept the maintenance to
be provided for them under the regulations before referred to, or to return
home in the vessels which may be engaged for that purpose ; it is there-
fore enacted, that if any such Asiatic sailor, lascar, or native, shall at
any time be convicted of an act of vagrancy, under any of the laws in
force in the United Kingdom respecting vagrants, it shall be lawful for
the justice or magistrate beibre whom such conviction shall take place, to
order that he shall be shipped on board any vessel bound to the place, or
as near as may be to the place to which he shall belong, or from which
he shall have been brought, and the commander of which shall be willing
to take charge of him in order to his being returned thereto, at the ex-
pense of the persons liable under any regulation to be made as before
mentioned, or of any other person being otherwise willing to defray the
same ; and it shall be lawful for the commander of any such vessel having
taken charge of such vagrant, and he is hereby required, to detain him
on board his ship for the voyage for which he shall be shipped, § 31.
Actions. — If any action or suit be commenced against any person for
any thing done in pursuance of this Act, such action or suit shall be com-
menced or prosecuted within three months after the fact committed, and
not afterwards. ^S 33.
Dist)-essed Lascars. — If any Asiatic sailor, lascar, or native of any of
the territories, countries, islands, or places within the limits of the charter
of the company, having been brought to the United Kingdom on board
any vessel not being a ship of war in the service of His Majesty, shall be
found within the United Kingdom in distress for want of food, clothing,
or other necessaries, it shall lie lawful for the company to supply neces-
sary and reasonable relief to such persons, and to maintain them until
they shall be sent on board some ship bound for some place within the
V 2
292 ASIA. — Japanese Islands, Australia/ [1837-8.
limits aforesaid ; and also to advance the money necessary to procure sucL
persons proper and sufficient passage to their homes or places from which
they were brought ; and all such sums as, the company shall pay for or
on account of such relief or maintenance, or passage home, shall consti-
tute and become a joint and several debt due to the company from the
commander or owners of such ship on board whereof such persons shall
have been brought into the United Kingdom, and shall be recoverable as
so much money paid for the use of such owners in any of the courts of
the United Kingdom, or in the East Indies, if the owner shall reside
there, in which actions or suits for the recovery of debts may l)e sued or
prosecuted ; and in all actions and suits, where the said company shall
recover, they shall be entitled to receive full costs of suit. § 34.
Manifest to be produced before clearing out. — Before any ship shall be
cleared out or depart from any place in any of the British possessions
abroad, or from any place in China, with any goods for the United King-
dom or for the Isle of Man, the master of such ship shall produce the
manifest to the collector or comptroller of the customs, or other proper
officer, who shall certify upon the same the date of the production thereof
to him. 3 & 4 Will. IV., c. 52, $ 4. [See page 38.]
JAPANESE ISLANDS.
Principal Ports. — Niphon (Island), Nangasaki, Ximo, Xicoso
(Islands).
Japan, though among the very first countries in Asia with which we have
opened a trade, has been for nearly two centuries hermetically sealed against us.
It abounds in commercial wealth ; and the establishment of an intercourse with
it would be in the highest degree desirable, with a view to a more extended con-
sumption of our manufactures. From numerous inquiries I have made of per-
sons who have been resident in that country, I have learnt that its people are
most desirous of the renewal of a trade with England, but that the government
still remains jealous and adverse to it. The re-establishment of our commercial
connexion with that mysterious country will be a work of great delicacy and
difficulty. — Letter to the Right Hon. Charles Grant, President of the Board ojfCon-
rol, by Charles Marjoribanks , Esq., M.P.
AUSTRALIA.
Australia, in modern geography, is the fifth grand division of the
globe. For a long series of ages, the geographer was acquainted with
only three of the six leading divisions under which the world is now
generally described : these were Europe, Asia, and Africa, which com-
pose the old continent. Even after the daring genius of Columbus had
added a fourth, by the discovery of America, vast spaces of the earth's
surface were still blanks in the geographical knowledge of the day. —
Ency. Metrop.
Copied from the log-book of Captain Bateman, commanding the government
brig Tamar, sent to survey the reef on which the George III. was wrecked on the
evening of the 12th of April, 1835.
ActsDon Island, April 17, 1835.
Bearings of the reef as follows, by compass — Actseon Island, S. 38 E. ; Look-
out Point, S, 19 W. ; Eliza Point, S. 33 \V. ; North Point Island, N. 24 E.
Partridge Island, N. 29 E.
The white rock of South Point, in a line with the west end of Partridge Island,
is the shoal part of the sunken reef, which is about half a league from shore.
The reef extends about 150 fathoms in a south-east line, which I think is the
longest way of it.
1837-8.] ASIA. — Australia. 293
POINT GREY — POINT MALCOLM — LIGHt's PASSAGE — LEFEARD's PENIN-
SULA— TORREN's ISLAND — ANGAS INLET — FIFE ANGAS — AND PORT OF
THE TOWN OF ADELAIDE.
PROCLAMATION.
Proclamation by His ExceHcncy John Hinclmavsh, Knight of the Royal Hano-
verian (jiiL'lphic Order, Captain in the Royal Navy, Governor and Commandef
in-C;hief of His Majesty's Province of South Australia.
I do hereby direct that the two points at the entrance of the estuary on the
eastern shore of Gulf St. Vincent, in latitude 34 dej^. 40 min., leading from said
l^ulf, shall be called as follows, viz. : — The northern point shall be called Point
Grey ; southern point shall be called Point Malcolm ; that the entrance between
these points into the port hereafter proclaimed shall he called Light's Passage ;
that the peninsula hound on the eastern side by the port hereinafter proclaimed,
and on the western side by the sea, shall be called Lefeard's Peninsula ; that the
island forming the north-eastern boundary of the port hereinafter proclaimed
shall be called Torren's Island ; that the inlet forming the southern boundary of
Torren's Island, and running to the eastward, shall he called Angas Inlet; and
that the land lying to the southward of the said inlet, and extending from such
inlet to the southern extremity of the port hereinafter proclaimed, and inland to
a distance of three statute miles, and forming part of the eastern and south-east-
ern boundary of the said port, shall be called Fife Angas.
That the estuary leading out of Gulf St. Vincent from a right line across the
same from Point Grey to Point Malcolm, and from such right line up the said
estuary to a right line drawn across the same at the distance of one statute mile
above the present landing-place in Fife Angas, shall be the port of the town of
Adelaide ; and I do hereby proclaim the same within the boundaries hereinbefore
described to be a legal port, and direct that from henceforth it shall be called and
known by the name of Port Adelaide.
Given under my hand and the seal of the province this 25th day of May, 1837.
John Hindmarsh.
By His Excellency's command,
Roheut Gouqer, Colonial Secretary.
NOTICES TO MARINERS.
Extract of a letter from Mr. George Stevenson, Clerk of the Legislative Coun-
cil of South Australia, dated Glenelg, Feb. 18, 1837,
Several dangers not laid down in Flinders' or any other chart have been dis-
covered here since the 28th of December, viz. : — In crossing Spencer's Gulf east-
ward. Her Majesty's ship Buffalo discovered a low reef about E. S. E. from
Spilsby's Island, distant from four to five miles, and another running about four
miles north from Gambler's Island. Many of the smaller islands are inaccurately
placed, nor will it be very safe to deviate from Flinders' track till the whole coast
is surveyed. Investigator Strait, however, and the direct course up St. Vincent's
Gulf to Port Adelaide, is free from any dangers except those marked in Flinders'
chart.
In entering Nepean Bay from the westward, ships must keep well off from
Point Marsden (as a reef of seven or eight miles runs almost S. E.) till they
come nearly .abreast of Kangaroo Head, when the bay is open, and excellent
anchorage in from four to seven fathoms.
Notice is hereby given that Her Majesty's ship Buffalo, carrying the pennant
of His Excellency the Governor, is now anchored in St. Vincent's Gulf, Mount
Lofty bearing east, in five fathoms water, about three miles from the land.
Abreast of her will be seen a flagstaff, where a considerable part of the settlers
are temporarily located, and where further information may be obtained if re-
quired ; and Port Adelaide, where the Buffalo will most likely go next spring
tides, is about 15 miles norlhwards. The site of the chief town, Adelaide, is
fixed in the interior, on the banks of a river about half way between Port Ade-
laide and the flagstaff before mentioned.
By His Excellency's command,
Glenelg, January 5, 1837. RoBEia- Gouuer, Colonial Secretary,
CAUTION.
Spencer's Gulf should be avoided until surveyed, as there are many rocks and
dangers not laid down in the chart, particularly about three miles to the north of
294 ASIA.— Australia, New South WAtEs. [1837-8,
Wed^'f Island. The lead should be kept j^oing in Gulf St. Vincent, and it will
be found a sufficient guide, as no dan^'ers have yet been discovered there. Sm;ill
reefs of rocks run off from the different sandy banks.
INFORMATION TO COMMANDERS OF SHIPS ENTERING THE HARBOUR OF
KINGSCOTE, KANGAROO ISLAND, SOUTH AUSTRALIA.
3Iaich 1st, 1837.
Kingscote is situate on the point of land which divides the Bay of Shoals
from Seal Bay; on your charts it has two miles of water frontage, one towards
Seal Bay, and one towards the Bay of Shoals, and commands a full view of Ne-
pean Bay from Point Marsden to Kangaioo-head, including the opposite coast
of Cape Jervis. Kingscote harbour is the finest in the colony, with the excep-
tion of Boston Bay (Port Lincoln). Our harbour will accommodate some hun-
dreds of vessels; and 700-ton ships can lay within half a mile of the landing-
place ; the Coromandel (6G2 tons register) anchored here on the 12th of Janu-
arj', in 4^ fathoms. Vessels from England, on making Kangaroo Island, should
shorten sail, if in the night, and endeavour to make Point Marsden by day-light,
as the passage is not good for a stranger to lay in at night, owing to the strong
tides. On making Point IMarsden, the lead must be kept going, with a hand
aloft to look out for the Sand-spit. This spit runs off' from Point Marsden about
nine miles in a direct line, a little south of E.S.E., and the passage round it to
Kingscote is about three miles wide on the Kangaroo-head side of the bay.
Vessels should keep not less than five fathoms all the way round the sand, and
until they get the company's flag-stafF bearing N.N.W., and a yellow-looking
bluff cliil' which is between Lagoon Bay and the Bay of Shoals E.S.E. ; tliey
may then run up for the company's flag-staff. They should keep the lead
going, however, all the way, The safest plan for a vessel from Europe is, on
rounding Point Marsden, to fire a gun, and hoist the signal for a pilot, and then
run about four miles of the Sand-sjiit down and heaveto for a boat from the
shore. She should also attend to guns fired or signals made from the shore.
The approach, when known, is perfectly plain and safe, but the Sand-spit, not
being correctly laid down in any chart, is apt to deceive a stranger. The com-
pany's servants have brought in every^ vessel from England, except the Buffalo
(she did not call liere), and no accident whatever has occurred, save to the
William Ilutt ; she ran on shore on the spit, through not attending to our sig-
nals, but we got her off again without the least damage. — Private Correspondent.
NEW SOUTH WALES.
Port Sydney. — By O. C, Nov. 20, 1835, declared a free warehousing
port.
PRESENT STATE OF COLONY.
Not more than fifty years have elapsed since the penal settlement of New
onth Wales was founded by the British government, and notwithstanding the
impurity of the material of its original construction, its r.ipid advancement in
population, wealth, and in various arts and refinements of civilization, fully jus-
tify the presumption that the destinies of these remote dependencies are high,
beyond all calculation.
With eight thousand miles of sea coast, and a series of splendid harbours,
with every variety of soil and climate, with a territory abutting upon India and
China on the one hand, and stretching towards the southern pole on the other,
with a vast ocean extending immeasurably to the eastward, rich in the treasures
of the deep, and studded with numerous populous islands, it presents all the
physical recpiisites for being the nurse of a great and powerful community, des-
tined to convey to the uttermost regions the arts of European civilization, and to
serve as a counterjioise to the gigantic power of the western continent. Whether
viewed with reference to agriculture, commerce, or maritime enterprise, its situ-
ation is one of the most favourable on the wi<le surface of the globe. From the
'_'3rd to the 3Stb degree of southern latitude — from the river Boyne. near More-
ton Bay, on the ncirth to Port Phillip, on the south, it presents a line of coast
more than 1600 miles in extent, forming the I'Ouiidary of a country of diversified
aspect, and average fertility, abounding with the staple commodities of British
prosperity, coal and iron, and intersected by numerous rivers. As water commu-
nications, the latter are comparatively unimportant, but their fertilizing qualities
are of the highest order. The climate is proverbially mild, and the soil yields
1837-8.] ASIA.— New South Walks, &c. 295
evtry gr;iiii and vi'j^etable of foreifj;n climes, and every variety of fruits, from the
(jdoselierry of the north to the ban-ina and pine-apple of the tropics. — JMontkiy
Jieview, Jiiffttst, IS37.
Captain Stnrt, in his account of his '• Two Expeditions into the Interior of
Southern Australia," gives the following table as regards the ttocks, and their
state of increase, which the reader will peruse with interest : —
Estimate of value of Flock at the end of the fifth year.
1,614 Ewes from one to four years old, at 1/, lO.v. each 2,421 0 0
622 Ewes from four to seven years old, at 1/. each . 622 0 0
780 Female lambs, at ]/. each 780 0 0
2,405 Wethers and male lambs, at 15i-. each . . . 1,803 15 0
45 Rams, at S/f. each 225 0 0
Total value 5,851 15 0
The original 1,000/. is thus quintupled in five years, a mode of multiplying
capital which is unknown even to the Rothschilds of this country. Similar suc-
cess seems to follow other branches of colonial speculation. In 1827, Mr. A.
Lang, the brother of our author, commenced with a very small capital the work-
ing of a farm on Hunter's River.
During the last three years a very large portion of the wool of the colony has
been sold at 2s. a pound.
Dr. Lang, in his treatise on "Transportation and Colonization," thus sums up
with an account of the annual produce off his brother's farm in 1836. It must
be jiremised that My. A. Lang had found means to purchase 1,400 acres adjoin-
ing his own land so early as the year 1834.
Land under wheat, 150 acres ; produce, 3,500 bushels, or 23^ bushels per
acre; price of wheat in the colony during 1835 and 1836, from 8s. to 12s. per
bushel.
Land under maize, 164 acres ; produce, 8,000 bushels, or 48 l-3rd bushels per
acre ; price of maize from 4s. to 5s. per bushel.
Land under barley, 25 acres ; produce, 600 bushels, or 24 bushels per acre ;
price of barley, 5s. per bushel.
Potatoes, 10 tons, sold at 10/. per ton, besides the consumption on the farm.
Tobacco, all used on the farm.
Dairy produce sold to the amount of at least 200/.
Pork, reared chiefly on maize, sold to the anuniut of upwards of 200/.
Wool sold to the amount of about 300/., the farm having hitherto been chiefly
agricultural.
The vineyard, comprising about an acre of ground, produced upwards of two
tons of grapes.
The sum is delightful to calculate; we have —
£
Wheat 1,750
Maize 1,800
Barley 150
Potatoes 100
Pork, wool, &c 700
£4,500
Ed.
CUSTOMS.
In 1832 . . . £96,262 Increase on the year £6457
1833 . . . 111,124 Ditto ditto 14,862
1834 . . . 127,598 Ditto ditto 16,474
1835 . . . 143,352 Ditto ditto 15,754
1836 . . . 156,913 Ditto ditto 13,561
Thus, during the administration of Sir Richard Bourke, that is, from 1832 to
1830, the customs revenue has advanced from 96,262/. to 156,913/., being an in-
crease of 00,651/.; whilst, from the first year of Sir Ralph Darhng's administra-
296 ASIA.— New South Wales. [1837-8.
tiontofhe end of last year, it has advanced from 49,353/. to 156,913/., being an
increase (in eleven years) to the goodly extent of 107,560/., having in that pe-
riod more than trebled its gross income.
The total of the revenue during the five years of Sir Richard Bourke,
amounts to ..... £1,109,536
During the last five years of Sir Ralph Darling, it amounted to 502,749
Increase on the five years 606,787
In the last five years of Governor Macquarie, that is, from 1817
to 1821, both inclusive, it amounted to . . . £136,300
Upon which, the receipts in Sir Richard Bourke's five years
show an increase of . . , , 973,236
It is curious to compare the entire revenue of the last five years of Macquarie
with that of the single year 1836 : —
One year's revenue (1836) .... 330,285
Five years' revenue (1817 to 1821) ... . 136^300
The one year exceeding the five years, by . . 193,985
The contributors to the revenue of 1836, according to the census of that year,
reckoning only the free adults, of both sexes, were 35,094 souls. The rate of
taxation, therefore, direct and indirect, was something more than nine pounds
per head per annum ! I
We have thus completed our task, not doubting that these financial statistics
will be acceptable to our readers in the colony, and much more so to those in
Great Britain. They illustrate, in a far clearer and more forcible light than any
mere words could do, the rapid progress which this portion of Her Majesty's do-
minions has made ; the political and commercial importance it has already at-
tained, and the still greater wealth, intelligence, and power to which it is rapidly
ascending. — Statistical Journal, Oct. 1837.
EMIGRATION.
Government Emigration Office, Middle Scotland Yard,
October 20, 1837.
The present paper is printed for the use of persons who may wish to know
what assistance is obtainable from Her Majesty's Government by parties emi-
grating to New South Wales or Van Dieman's Land. The practice of giving,
or of advancing on loan, sums of money in aid of the private means of indi-
viduals desirous to emigrate, has been discontinued. And the plan, which
prevailed for some time, of sending out unmarried women separately, at the
expense of the public, has also been abandoned. There is no longer any sort of
assistance which can be claimed indiscriminately at all places, or at all times.
But for the encouragement of the emigration of useful settlers. Government will
occasionally send from different parts of the United Kingdom ships, provided
expressly for the purpose, in which free passages will be allowed to a limited
number of persons, who must fall within the following description: — They must
belong to the class of mechanics and handicraftsmen, or of farm servants ; they
must be married, and be accompanied to the colony by their wives ; neither the
husband nor the wife must be more than 35 years of age ; they must be able to
establish their character for industry, sobriety, and good moral conduct.
Although young women are no longer sent out separately, yet tuimarried
female relatives of married couples going out under the above description, and
not below fifteen nor above thirty years of age, will be allowed a passage with
their friends, provided they go out as forming part of the same family, and
destined to remain under its protection until otherwise provided for in the
Colony.
The number of ships despatched in the course of the year cannot be very
great, and as they will be sent from different parts of Great Britain and Ireland,
and must be filled with persons who have an easy access to the port whence
they are to sail, it will be seen that candidates, who may be perfectly eligible
in other respects, cannot be accepted except when an opportunity presents itself
within convenient reach of their residence. Whenever a vessel may thus become
1837-8.] ASIA.— New South Walks. 097
avail;il)lo for any particular district of country, due notice will be f^iven by public
advertisement, and tbrmigh other channels lit for the purpose. It ia very
seldinn that there will be an opportunity of sending a ship to \'an Dieman's
Land. Almost all the vessels despatched by Government for some time to come
will '^0 to New South Wales.
Durinyf the voyage the people will be under the care and superintendence of
a surgeon, usually taken from the list of surgeons of the Royal N.avy, who have
already been in the colony. Kxcept when another person is specially appointed
for the purpose, the responsibility of the selection of the emigrants will rest with
tbe same officer. lie will therefore be sent befortdiand to visit the j)art of
country from whence they are to be taken, and it will be his duty to investigate
separately every case, and to decide upon every claim. After once his appoint-
ment and address are announced, all applications should l)e made to him, and
liis decision will be considered in all cases to be final.
The condition upon which the emigrants are to be taken is a free passage for
themselves and their families, but they must defray out of their own means any
expenses previous to joining the ship, and must come supplied with a sufficient
quantity of clothes for the voyage. Only provisions, bedding, and cooking-
utensils will be foiuid for them.
The following is a list of clothing which may he considered indispensable for
the voyage : — 2 suits of clothes, including 2 hats or bonnets, and 2 pair of shoes;
2 flannel petticoats for the women ; from 6 to 12 shirts or shifts ; from 6 to 12
pair of dark hose; 2 pair of duck trowsers, and 2 neck-kerchiefs for the men;
for the women dark gowns would be jireferable to light.
The preceding is given as a list of the very smallest quantities which would
suffice, but, as a general rule, it may be stated that the more abimdant the stock
of good clothing, the better for health and comfort during the passage.
On the subject of clothing, and on any other details, when persons find that
they are actually going, they will be able to obtain more full and more particular
information than could be afforded in this paper, from the officer who may
have accepted them as passengers to proceed in one of the Government vessels.
Every security will be taken for the convenience of the emigrants on their first
landing, and information will be provided for them of the demand for employ-
ment in different directions, so that the people may know what oj)portunities are
open to them. They will be entirely free to work for whom they please, and
wdl in no respect be bound to government, nor be liable to be called upon for
repayment of the cost of their passage.
Results o/ Evidence before Council of New South Wales in 1835.
The mechanics in most demand, are carpenters, joiners, cabinet-makers, stone-
masons, stonecutters, bricklayers, brickmakers, blacksmiths (particularly if they
can shoe horses), wheelwrights, and coopers. There likewise seems to be a con-
siderable demand in the colony for boot and shoemakers, bootclosers, tailors,
dyers and scourers, and woolsorters.
Good mechanics appear to earn from 30s. to 40s. a week in Sydney, without
lodgings or rations. Common labourers 14s. a week without rations, or 5s. Gd.
a week with rations.
The wages of mechanics in the country may be estimated at from 20/. to 40/.
per annum, with house and rations. Country tradespeople acquainted with
making and repairing agricultural implements, and the erection of buildings ne-
cessary for agricultural purposes, are described as never in want of employ-
ment.
The wages given to f\irm servants vary so much according to their qualifica-
tions, that it is difficult to name an average rate. A good ploughman will earn
from 1')/. to 20/. per annum, with a house and rations. Shupherds and stack-
men the same. Mere agricultiu-al labourers from 12/. to 15/. The fact of their
being married or single does not seem to make any difference in the rate of
wages, hut it is mentioned that couples recently luiited, and without children,
will more readily find employment than if they are encumbered with a young
family, in consequence of the expense of maintaining the same without ndequate
benefit from their services. There is, however, always employment, it is said,
for women as domestic servants, at from 71. to 15/. per anniuii, with board or ra-
tions and lodgings suitable to their avocations. The servants mostly in requisi-
298 ASIA.— New Holland, &c. [1837-8.
tion seem to be general house-servants, who will also undertake washhig and
laundry work, or plahi cooking ; or girls to take care of children and perform
needlework.
The rations issued by settlers is not quite uniform, but it seems generally to
consist of about the following allowances per week : — Ten jiounds of seconds flour ;
eight pounds of fresh beef or mutton, or five pounds of salt pork ; one pound of
sugar and two oinices of tea, or seven quarts of new milk ; two ounces of soap ;
two ounces of tobacco (in some instances). To women about two-thirds, and to
children about one-third or half of these rations are allowed. In some cases only
the meat and flour are given.
The more humble class of settlers usually victual labourers at home at their
own table, and* in the same manner as they live themselves, instead of issuing to
them separately the above rations.
House rent is very dear in Sydney, but a married couple of emigrants might
easily find a small house of two rooms to accommodate them on their arrival, for
a weekly rent of from 5.y. to 10s., and an unmarried man may lodge and board
for half a guinea. A cottage with four apartments would be rented at about 1 Os.
a week.
NEW HOLLAND.
New Holland, an island in the South Pacific Ocean, the largest in
the world, and long supposed to form a part of a great southern conti-
nent. It stretches from east to west above 2G00 miles, between Sandy
Cape and the entrance of Shark's Bay; and it is above 2000 miles in
length from Cape York on the north, to Wilson's promontory in .39° 10'
S. lat.
When the Dutch first explored Terra Australis, they called the west
coast New Holland, and restricted that name to this coast till some time
after Tasraan's second voyage in 1644, when the whole of the territory
then known became comprehended under the term of New Holland.
But when the British explored the east coast in 1770, they gave it the
name of New South Wales ; and ascertained, in 1802, that the two coasts
were the boundary of one land. Hence, as neither appellation was deemed
proper for the whole, the original name. Terra Australis, was restored.
New Holland, therefoi'e, now implies the west portion of Terra Australis,
bounded on the east by the meridian line of I3J° E. long., which is the
west boundary of New South Wales. — Edinb. Gaz. and Brooke.s's Gaz.
Swan River. — Captain Stirling has returned from the exploratory ex-
pedition towards Port Leschenbault, and the adjacent country. The ter-
ritory was found to be fertile and extensive : so that several of the indi-
viduals who accompanied Captain Stirling have taken grants of land, and
settled there. — £a?/rt6. Gaz.
VAN DIEMAN'S LAND.
Principal Ports. — Hobart Town, Port Dalrymple.
HOBART AND I.AUNCESTON.
By O. C, Nov. 20, 1835, declared free wareliousing ports.
Van Dieman's Land, in proportion to her population, has a commerce
nearly five times greater than the Cape Colony, and six times greater
than the Canadas ; while, in proportion to her population, she presents
a market for British exports more extensive by five times, and by
seven times, than the markets respectively presented by the Cape colony,
and by the Canadas and Mauritius. These facts, demonstrative of the
superior commercial capabilities of Australia, justify the most sanguine
expectations of the extension of trade with our Australian settlements.
In the year ending the 5th of January, 1833, the exports and imports of
New South Wales amounted to 1,008,000/. ; and in the year ending the
31st of December, 1834, the exports and imports of this colony had in-
1837-8.] ASIA. — Van Dibman's Land, &c. 299
cronscd to 1,579,0(10/. — First Annual Report ofCoInnizdiimt Cnwmissi(m
agreeably to 4 and 5 Will. IV., c. 95.
Coins. — On the l.st November, 1834, the Lieutenant-Governor issued a juo-
clamation, by direction of the Secretary of State, nolirvini; that from the 1st
.January of that year, all dollars whatsoever of the Soutli American States would
he received and issued in this colony, in the departments of the Commissariat
and Colonial Treasury, and should otherwise pass current as money, at tiie sum
of 4s. Ad. each, (the current value of the old Spanish or pillared dollar,) and
the said several fractional parts thereof, at sums respectively in due proiiortiou
thereto,
Wkigiits and Measures. — Under the Act of Lej^islative Cotincil, No. 3, the
4th Will. IV., the imperial weights and measures have been introduced through-
out the C!olony from the 1st April, J 834. — Porter'' s Tables.
COURT OF EXCHEQUER, YmoKx,J,i,ie 30lh, 1837.
\_Tjon(Ion Sittings at Nisi Pritis before Lord Abinueu and a Special Jt/r^.^
PIRIE V. STEELE.
This was an action on a policy of insurance, brought by the plaintiff', the
owner of a ship called the Autjusia Jesse, against the defendant, who was one of
the imderwriters.
Sir F. Pollock, Mr. Thesiger, and Mr. Richards appeared for the plaintiff; the
Attorney General and Mr. Maule for the defendant.
It appeared that on the ISth of Septendier, 1834, the ship Augusta Jesse, under
a charter party of atfreightinent with government, sailed from the jiort of Lon-
don to Ilobart Town, with convicts. After arriving in Ilobart Town, and dis-
charging her cargo, she proceeded in ballast to iVIadras. where she took in a
fresh cargo. On her way home she mut with an accident off' the Cape of Good
Hope, wliich rendered it necessary that she should undergo certain repairs. Pre-
viously to her sailing for New South AV^ales the present policy had been effected.
It allowed her to proceed to all ports and places in New South Wales, Van Die-
man's Land, or both, and all ports and places in India. When the averages
came to be stated at Lloyd's, the underwriters claimed a deduction of one-third,
oM for new, on the ground that the ship must be considered as an old ship, and
and that the voyage from Madras home was a second voyage. This claim was
resisted by the plaintiff for the purpose of trying the question. Several ship-
owners were examined on the part of the plaintiff, with a view to show that the
entire was only one first voyage within the meaning of the policy, the continuity
being kept up by the intermediate passage from Van Dieman's Lan<l to Madras
being performed in ballast. Upon the part of the defendant, on the other hand,
it was contended that these must be considered as two separate voyages, and
that, therefore, according to a custom in the trade, a deduction of one-third was
to be mide, the rule being that when a ship had taken out a cargo, and earned
freight, any subsequent proceeding is considered as a second voyage. Consider-
able doubt appeared to exist as to the nature, extent, and application of this
rule, the existence of which the jury appeared to disafiirm, as they found for the
plaintiff for the sum in dispute, viz, £7. 9s. 4cl.
The case lasted nearly the entire day.
NEW ZEALAND.
The islands of New Zealand are situated between the 34th and 4Sth
degrees of south latitude, — and the 166th and 179th dej^rees of cast lon-
gitude. They are the lands nearest to the antipodes of Great Britain ; —
a central point taken in Cook's Strait, which separates, and is about
equidistant from the northern and southern extremities, of the two jjrin-
cipal islands, being seven hundred miles from the antipodes of London,
with the advanta;_^e of being, to that extent, nearer to the equator. The
nearest land to the westward is Van Dieman's Land and New Holland ;
to the eastward, Chili in South America ; and to the northward, the
300 ASIA.— New Zealand. [1837-8.
Friendly Islands and the adjacent clusters of islands forming the great
Polynesian Archipelago. The unexplored waters of the Southern Ocean
form the boundary southward.
In shape it is an irregular and strag:gling oblong : and in detached
position from the nearest continents, New Zealand bears some resem-
blance to the British Isles. It resembles them in other matters of gi'eater
importance. Like them, surrounded by the sea, it possesses the same
means of ready communication and of rapid conveyance, to all parts of
its coasts ; and the same facilities for an extensive trade, within its
numerous bays and rivers. The temperature of the warmer latitudes in
which it is placed, is influenced or regulated, as in Great Britain, by the
refreshing and invigorating sea breezes, and the whole line of coast
abounds with fish, in great variety and of great delicacy. In addition to
these natural advantages, the harbours of New Zealand, which are most
numerous, afford a safe and central rendezvous to the immense shipping
trade of the whole southern archipelago ; — an expanse not less than
fifteen thousand miles in circumference, covered with myriads of islands,
— many of them exceeding greatly, in size, the whole British Isles. The
voyage from Britain to New Zealand, although the distance is greater
than to Sydney, occupies about the same length of time, in consequence
of the prevalent state of the winds. While in returning to Britain, the
voyage from New Zealand is of course shorter than the voyage from
Sydney, by the distance between the two places, or about one thousand
two hundred miles.
The extent of New Zealand has been variously estimated. The dis-
tance between the North and South Capes is about nine hundred miles,
— the greatest breadth of the Northern Island, which is the wider of the
two, is about three hundred miles ; diminishing to two hundred, and one
hundred, and to greatly less towards the northern extremity, where at
one point, distant about one hundred and fifty miles from the North
Cape, tliere is an isthmus, of not more than three miles across. By the
latest, and it is believed the most accurate account, the area of the
Northern Island is computed at forty thousand English square miles,
while that of the Southern Island, — of which Stewart's Island may be
considered an appendage, — is considerably more than one-third larger.
The extent of the two islands must be at least ninety-five thousand
English square miles, or above sixty millions of square acres.
The face of the country presents many striking objects to arrest and
engage attention. There is a range of vast mountains traversing the
centre of the whole length of one island, and the greater part of the
other ; — bays and harbours are scattered in profusion along the shores of
both islands; — and there is a continual succession of rivers and lakes,
extensive forests, valleys, open country and plains, from one end of the
islands to the other.
A blue pigment of which the natives make use appears to be manga-
nese ; a red precipitate from one of their sulphuric springs is used for
dyeing the native garments, and is supposed to be a protoxide of man-
ganese. The natives make some of their weapons and carving tools of a
green talc, or jasper-stone, which is found only in the Southern Island.
Before the natives became acquainted with iron, they deemed it very
valuable. Recently, on the western coast of the Northern Island, vast
quantities of iron ore or iron sand were observed, washed up to the depth
of several feet along the shores, in the beds, and at the mouths of rivers
and streams of water from the port of Manukou to the Mokou river,
being the whole extent of the Waikato country, and extending not less
than one hundred miles. Specimens have been brought to this country.
Mr. Nicholas obtained some specimens of pumice-stone which the
natives used for polishing their spears, and likewise some obsidium or
1837-8.] ASIA.— South Sea. 301
vslcanic glass. Several natives have described abundant coal as existin<j
in the Southern Island, near Otago Buy ; and {'rem their havinir said so,
at Sydney, when coals were exhibited to them, there docs not seem any
reason to doubt their information. Ruthcrfunl mentions that there is a
plain about a mile square, near the Kast Cape, beneath the surface of
which is a lif^ht yellow dust, like sulphur, to the depth of several feet,
which blisters the skin, and is somewhat warm. VVhinstone is very
plentiful on the banks of many of the rivers, affording an ample supply
of materials for building. " There also have been found quarries of
granite, specimens of (juartz, carbonate of lime, fine marble, sulphuret
of iron,'' &c. &c. In one of the upper tributaries of the Hokianga, the
Mangarauka, there is an extensive quarry of slate, of a lightish blue
colour. It readily splits up into large thin slates or slabs : the strata
slope downwards to the northward, at an angle, perhaps, of sixty-five
degrees, and exhibit every appearance of a fine description of slate.
There is also a fine quarry of soft stone, supposed to be freestone, at the
entrance of Waima river, on the Hokianga. In every part of the
country, clay of all kinds is to be found, and particularly the lighter
kinds, best fitted for brick burning. — The British Colonization of New
Zealand. Published for the New Zealand Association, 1 83 7.
SOUTH SEA.
Limits of Company's Charter. — The corporation to be erected in pur-
suance of this Act [for carrying on a trade to the South Seas] and their
successors, shall have for ever the sole trade into, and from all the places
of America, on the east side thereof from the river of Aranoco to the
southernmost part of Terra del Fucgo ; and on the west side thereof from
the southernmost part of Terra del Fuego, through the South Seas, to
the northernmost part of America ; and from all places within the said
limits which are reputed to belong to the crown of Spain, or which shall
hereafter be discovered within the said limits, not exceeding 300 leagues
from the continent of America, between the southernmost part of Terra
del Fuego, and the northernmost part of America, on the west side thereof
(except the kingdom of Brazil, and such other places on the east side of
America as are now in the actual possession of the crown of Portugal,
and the country of Surinam, in the possession of the States General of
the United Provinces) ; it not being intended that the sole trade to any
part of the east side of America, now in the actual possession of the
crown of Portugal, or the States General, shall be granted by this Act ;
but it may be lawful for all the subjects of Her Majesty to trade to any
part of the east side of America, now in the actual possession of the
crown of Portugal, or the States General (but to no other part of America
within the limits aforesaid), as fully and freely in all respects as
they might or could do if this Act had not been made. 9 Anne, c.
21, §46.
Trade in part to cease. — So much of the foregoing act of 9 Anne as
vests in the South Sea Company or Corporation by the said act erected,
the sole and exclusive privilege of trade into, and from all places what-
soever, which now are or shall or may at any time hereafter be belonging
to or in the possession or under the dominion or protection of His Majesty
on the said east side of America, from the river Aranoco to the southern-
most part of the Terra del Fuego, and on the said west side of America,
from the said southernmost part of the Terra del Fuego, through the
South Seas, to the northernmost part of America ; and all powers and
privileges to the South Sea Company or Corporation by the said act given
302 ASIA.— South Sea. [J 837-8.
and erected for carrying on such trade, and all penalties and forfeitures
by Ihe said act enacted for securing the same, and for preventing His
Majesty's subjects from carrying on trade contrary to the said act, are
harehy repealed. 47 Geo. III., c. 23.
Exclusive Trade to cease.— So much of the act of 9 Ann as vests, or
may be deemed to have vested, in the South Sea Company or Corpora-
tion by the said act erected, tlie sole privilege of trade into and from all
kingdoms and places whatsoever within the limits of the charter of the
said company, as described in the said act, and all powers and privileges
to the South Sea Company or Corporation by the said act given for car-
rying on such sole trade, and all penalties and forfeitures by the said
act enacted for securing the same, and for preventing His Majesty's
subjects from carrying on trade contrary to the provisions of the
said act, are hereby declared to be absolutely repealed. 35 Geo. III.,
c. 57, § 1.
Duties. — The duties granted by 55 Geo. III., c. 57, are repealed. G
and 7 Wdl. IV., c. 60, ^S 13,
Principal Ports. — Friendly Islands, Huhaheine (Island of), Marquesas
(Islands), New Britain, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, New Ireland
(Islands), Otaheite, Owhyhee (Islands of). Queen Charlotte's Island,
Sandwich Islands, Society Islands, Solomon's Islands.
HobartTown, April 23, 1835.
Captain Muddell, of the Laiiig, arrived from the South Seas, sounded on a
shoal not laid down in any chart. The shallowest water 1 -4th less 4. It ap-
peared to run in a north-east and south-west direction, about 3 or 4 miles along
Volcano Island, visible from the mast-head bearing south-east per compass, —
Private Correspondent.
PART THE ELEVENTH.
A FTU C A,
As to the Importation into the United Kingdom of Goods the produce of
America, and as to Importation into British Possessions in Asia and
Africa, see p. 2.
The trade with the west coast of Africa extends from the river Gambia
to Angola, and embraces an extent of nearly 4,000 miles of coast. It
may be divided into the stationary and floatinji^ traffic ; the former being
carried on with the British settlements on the Gambia, Sierra Leone,
Cape Coast Castle, and Accrah ; the latter being on the principle of
floating adventures, a vessel and her cargo being intrusted to the care of
the captain, who trades up and down the coast, or enters some of the
large rivers, where the cargo is bartered for produce.
The trade is essentially one of barter, British manufactures being ex-
changed for African produce ; it is free and unfettered, the only custom-
houses being at the European settlements, and its nature may be judged
of from the following abstract of the imports and exports.
Exports to the western coast of Africa, British produce and nianu-
fiictures (from Porter's otBcial tables) : —
In 1827 ...... £1.15,759
In 1834 . . . . . 320,483
Being an increase of 110 per cent.
Estiinated value of foreign and colonial exports . 1")0,000
Total exports . . . £470,483
Estimated value of imports in 1834 : —
Teak timber, 13,000 loads, at 8/. per load . £104,000
Ikesw ax, 3,058 cwt., at 8/. per cwt. . . 24,404
Hides, 5,520 cwt., at 'o&s. per cwt. ... 1 5,742
Ivory, 2,507 cwt., at 25/. j)er cwt. . . 64,175
Palm-oil, 13,945 tuns, at 34/. . . . 458,810
Dry woods, cane-wood, bar-wood, &c. . . 20,000
Gum Senegal, and Gum Copal . . . 100,000
Gold-dust, 00,000 ounces, at 4/. . . 240,000
Specie and bills ..... 50,000
Total . . . £1,077,191
British shipping employed in the trade, 1820 . 22,387 tons
1834 . 08,040
Imports of palm-oil, 1827 . . . 4,700
18.34 . . . 13,500
The value of the trade is, therefore, as follows: —
Imports ..... £1,077,191
Exports ..... 470,483
Total .... £000,708
304 AFRICA.— Madeira, British Possessions. [1837-8.
Labour and manufacturers' profit on British produce
and manufactures, taken at 70 per cent, on 326,483/. 28,538
British labour, transit, and other charges on 150,000/,
of foreign and colonial goods, at 25 per cent. . 37,500
Annual national gain . . £806,746
In the Bonny, Calabar, and Cameroons rivers, there are always Bri-
tish ships loading with palm-oil and other African produce. There are
about 1 5,000 tons of British shipping emploj'ed in the palm-oil trade, which
are sailed at the expense of about 10/. per ton per annum. — Expedition
into the Interior of Africa, by Macgregor, Laird, atid B. A. K. Oldfield.
As to the ships in which goods may be imported and exported, see p. 2.
MADEIRA.
IJy C. C, July 27, 1832, it is stated that the island of Madeira is in Africa, and that under
the Navifiation Act (p. 2,) goods the produce of that island, imported from ports in
Europe into the United Kingdom, are inadmissible to entry for home use.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS.
Hoiv the King may regulate Trade of Colonies.— \t shall be lawful
for His Majesty, by any orders in council to be issued from time to time,
to make such regulations touching the trade and commerce to and from
any British Possessions on or near the continent of Europe, or within
the Mediterranean Sea, or in Africa, or within the limits of the East
India Company's charter (excepting the possessions of the said company),
as to His Majesty in council shall appear most expedient and salu-
tary ; and if any goods be imported or exported in any manner contrary
to such order, the same shall be forfeited, together with the ship im-
porting or exporting the same. 3 & 4 W. IV., c. 59, § 81.
PORTS ON THE MEDITERRANEAN.
Principal Port. — Alexandria.
EGYPT.
MONEYS.
40 Paras ..... — 1 Piastre,
The Paras of Egypt are reckoned of the same value as the Turkish Paras, hut
the Piastres are esteemed of inferior vaUie.
The general mode of estimating the value of this money is. as at Constanti-
nople, by comparison with the German and Spanish dollars, which in Egypt
are reckoned of equal value ; hence if the German dollar, valued at 48 pence
sterling, be reckoned at 15 piastres, the value of the piastre is 3^ pence
sterling.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
CAIRO WEIGHTS.
40 okes of 400 drams , = 112 lb. avoirdupois.
800 okes . . . . = 20 cwt. avoirdupois.
100 rottoli or 1 cantar . . = 100 lb. avoirdupois.
ALEXANDRIA WEIGHTS.
100 rottoli = 78 okes . = 218.4 lb. avoirdupois,
CORN MEASURES.
The ardeb of Rosetta of wheat is, by weight, equal to 108 okes, or 470 lb.
avoirdupois.
The Long Measure is the Turkish pike, of 26a inches. — Tate's Modern
Cambist.
183 7-8.] AFRICA.— Tripoli, Constantine. 305
TRIPOLI. BARBARY, AND MOROCCO.
Principal Ports. — Algiers, Fez, Medea, Mogadore, Sallee, Susa, Tri-
poli, Tunis, Tangiers.
Esseit Mustapha Nedgib, by the grace of God, Pasha Vizier of the Sublime
Ottoman Porte, Lieutenant-General of Tripoli and its Dependencies, to
Ilanmer Warrington, Esq., His Britamiic Majesty's Consul-General at
Tripoli.
Sir, — During the troubles which have for three years past desolated this
countrj^, there has arisen a ruinous abuse which no government can tolerate,
that of embarking and landing iperchandise aud other articles at other places
than the established ports. This illicit ccmimerce, besides causing the greatest
injury to the revenue, is extremely prejudicial to lawful commerce and to the
traucjuillity of the country. We tlierelore inform you, Sir, that we have given
the necessary orders to several of our vessels to be ready to cruize on the coast ;
and you will accordingly have the goodness to inform those of your countrymen,
and all others whom it may concern, that henceforth all coasting traffic is ex-
pressly forbidden, and that no commercial intercourse will be allowed at any
other places than the ports of Tripoli, Bengasi, and Derna ; aud, consequently,
that from the 1st of September, 183;), all vessels, boat-:, or craft, &c. which
may be found in the prohibited p'aces, will be seized, it being declared that the
whole of this coast is from this moment to be regarded as in a state of blockade,
excepting only the three ports above mentioned.
We salute you, &c.
Given at our Palace, the 9th of August, 1835.
Written by the order of His Highness,
RusTEM Bey, Secretary.
CONSTANTINE.*
The town of Constantine is almost three times as large as Algiers,
and is surrounded with strong walls, more than thirty-five feet high.
Founded during the early achievements of the Carthaginians, it owed its
vast population and its unequalled embellishments to the splendid reign
of Massinissa. Scipio Emilianus extended the ancient kingdom of
Massinissa and of Mecissa by the addition of the valley of Bagrada,
when it took the name of Numidia. Between the years 340 and 350,
the town was rebuilt by the Emperor Constant, son of Constantine, from
whom it acquired its modern name. The cultivation of the soil — the
most productive in Africa — an industrious population, commerce with
central Africa, and an advantageous position between the Desert and
the best portion of the date country, the most fertile part of the kingdom
of Tunis — that of Sousah, and chiefly subject to the dominion of the
Divan of Algiers — have given to Constantine a considerable degree of
importance under the predatory rule of the Turk. Its commercial con-
nexions were principally with Tunis, and were so injurious to the Al-
gerines, that war was declared by them with Tunis in 1782 and 1783.
Some inconsiderable hostilities were followed by the plague in 1784.
Between both these terrific scourges a great portion of the population of
these dominions was swept away. Previous to 1780 the inhabitants of
this spacious city amounted to nearly fifty thousand souls ; but has sub-
sequently declined to little more than half that number. A monthly
caravan used formerly to set out for Tunis — a wealthy cargo, estimated
at no less than one hundred thousand Spanish piastres, or six million
six hundred thousand francs, yearly. It also carried on trade with Bona,
the Beys of Quol and Stora, and with the Royal African Company of
Marseilles. — Landscape Annual.
• TLe recent conquest of Constantine by the French, and the extension of their doraiuions ia
Africa, will, it is presumed, render the descriptioa of it here acceptable. — Ed,
306 AFRICA.— Cape of Good Hope, &c. [1837-8.
SENEGAL AND THE COAST from Morocco to the River Gambia.
Principal Por/*.— Cape Verd, Goree, Portendic, Senegal.
SIERRA LEONE AND THE COAST from the River Gambia to
the River Mesurada.
Principal Ports.— De Loss (Isles), Rio Grande, Sierra Leone, St.
Mary.
•
WINDWARD COAST, from the River Mesurada to Cape ApUoniii
Principal Ports. — Point de Galle, St. Andrew's Bay.
CAPE COAST CASTLE, AND THE GOLD COAST
from Cape ApoUonia to the Rio Volta.
Principal Ports. — Acra, Anamaboe, Cape Coast Castle, Commendo,
Dix Cove, Elmina, Mingo, Succonde, St. George.
COAST FROM RIO VOLTA TO CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.
Pri?u'ipal Ports. — Annobon (Island of), Angola, Bonny, Calabar, Ca-
maroon, Fernando Po (Island), Gaboon, Prince's Island, St. Thomas's
Island.
CAPE OF GOOD HOPE.
Principal Ports. — Algoa Bay, Cape of Good Hope, Saldanha Bay.
Limits of Charter. — For the purposes of this Act the Cape of Good
Hope, and the territories and dependencies thereof, shall be deemed to
be within the limits of the East India Company's charter. 3 and 4
Will. IV., c. 56, ^S 9, granting duties of Customs.
Limits. — In all trade with the B. P. in America, the Cape of Good
Hope, and the territories and dependencies thereof, shall be deemed to
be within the limits of the East India Company's charter. 3 and 4 Will.
IV., c. 59, s^ 50.
Certificate of Wine. — It shall be lawful for the shipper of any wine,
the produce of the Cape of Good Hope, or of its dependencies, which is
to be exported from thence, to go before the chief officer of customs, and
make and sign an affidavit before him that such wine was really and
bond fide the produce of the Cape of Good Hope or of its dependencies ;
and such officer is hereby authorized and required to administer such
affidavit, and to grant a certificate thereof, setting forth in such certifi-
cate the name of the ship in which the wine is to be exported, and the
destination of the same. § 85.
Cape Town. — By O. C, Feb. 22, 1832, Uie several ports of Cape Town, Simon's Town, and
Port Elizabuth, shall be i^ree For?*; and the said ports of Cape Town and Simon's Town
shall be FreH fVarehousing Ports. .'>ee British Possessions, Part 12.
Port Elizahelh. — By T. L., May 24, 1836, Port Elizabetli in this colony is declared to be a
Free JVarehousing Port, and the provisions of tlie Act 3 iuul 4 Will. IV., c. 59 (Paht 12,)
permitting the removal of <,'0ods under bond from one warcliousing port to another within
the same possession.
STATE OF TRADE.
The report of the Committee of the Commercial Exchange, read at the an-
nual meeting, April 29, 1837, has just been published. Its contents are very
cheering, showing not only considerable improvement in trade, but increased
efforts to accelerate and enlarge the facilities of trade. Considerable funds had
1837-8.] AFRICA.--MAURITIUS, &c, 307
been subscribed for tbe luirpose of providing for tlie introduction of steam-ves-
sels upon their coast. The total value of exports for the year 183() is f^'iven at
383,384/., and of imports for the like period, 87iJ,7fiy/. Among the exports it \»
mentioned the "colonial wool"' is the most remarkable as regarded the rate of
increase ; in 18J9, the total value of the wool exported from the Cape was 1,220/.;
in 1S3G the amount exceeded 20,000/. — Private Correspundail,
EASTERN COAST from the Colonial Territory of the Cape of Good
Hope to the Straits of Bab-el-Mandel.
Principal Ports. — Delagoa Bay, Mozarabitiue.
AFRICAN PORTS ON THE RED SEA.
Principal Ports. — Cosseir, Massuah, Souakim, Sut'Z.
CAPE VERDE ISLANDS.
Principal Ports. — Biavo, Bonavista (Islands of), Fuego (Island),
Mayo (Island), St. Antonio, St. Jago, St. Lucia, St. Nicholas, St. Vin-
cent (Islands of).
ST. HELENA.
The island of St. Helena, and all forts, factories, public edifices, and
hereditaments whatsoever in the said island, and all stores and property
thereon fit or used for the service of the government thereof, sliall be
vested in His Majesty : and the said island shall be governed by such
orders as His Majestv in council shall from time to time issue in thatbe-
nalf. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 85, ^S 1 ] 2.
MADAGASCAR.
Principal Ports.— Fort Dauphin, Foul Point.
ISLE OF BOURBON.
Principal Ports. — St, Denis, St. Paul.
MAURITIUS.
Principal Ports. — Sechelle Islands, Port Louis,
Footing of West Indies. — All goods the growth, produce, or manufac-
ture of the island of Mauritius, and all goods, which having been im-
ported into the said island shall be imported thence into any part of the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, or into any possessions
of His Majesty, shall be liable, upon such importation into the United
Kingdom or into any such possessions respectively, to the payment of the
same duties, and shall be subject to the same regulations as the like
goods, being of the growth, produce, or manufacture of His Majesty's
islands in the West Indies, or having been imported into and exported
from any of the said islands, and imported from the same into the said
United Kingdom or into any such possessions respectively, w'ould on such
importation.be liable to the payment of or would be subject unto . and
upon the exportation of any goods from the United Kingdom to the
island of Mauritius, such goods shall be liable to the same duties, and
shall be entitled to the like drawbacks respectively as would or ought by
X2
308 AFRICA.--MAURITIUS, &c. [1837-8.
law to be chare;ed or allowed upon the like goods from the United King-
dom to any of His Majesty's islands in the West Indies: and all goods
which shall be imported into or exported from the island of Mauritius
from or to any place whatever, other than the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, shall, upon such importation or exportation respect-
ively, be liable to the payment of the same duties, and shall be subject to
the same regulations, so far as any such regulations can or may be applied,
as the like goods would be liable to the payment of or would be subject
to upon importation or exportation into or from any of His Majesty's
islands in the West Indies ; and all ships whatever which shall arrive at
or depart from the island of Mauritius shall be hable to the payment of
the same duties and shall be subject to the same regulations as such
ships would be liable to the payment of or would be subject to if arriving
at or departing from any of His Majesty's islands in the West Indies.
3 and 4 Will/IV,, c. 59, § 49.
For the purposes of this Act, the island of Mauritius shall be deemed
to be one of His Majesty's sugar colonies, and placed upon the same foot-
ing, in all respects, as His Majesty's islands in the West Indies. 3 and
4 Will. IV., c. 56, § 9, granting Duties of Customs.
NOTICE AS TO RATING CHRONOMETERS, &c.
In order to afford the {greatest facility to masters of vessels ariiving at this
port to have their chronometers properly rated and examined, notice is hereby
given to all merchants and shipowners, that from and after the 1st of October
next, chronometers belongin>i;to shipping trading to this port will be received and
rated at the Observatory during the stay of the vessel, free of any charge or ex-
pense whatever.
Masters of vessels are also at liberty to send their sextants, circles, or barome-
ters, to be verified.
Timekeepers will be received every day from 12 to 1, and half-past 3 to 4
o'clock, and one day's notice will be required before being taken away.
The exact mean time 1 o'clock signal will, as usual, be given on the stated
days, viz., Tuesdays and Fridays.
J. A. Li.oYD, Surveyor-General and Civil Engineer,
Observatory, Port Louis, Sept. 22, 1837.
PART THE TWELFTH.
AMERICA
As to the Importation into the United Kingdom of Goods the produce of
America, and as to Importatio?i into British Possessions iti Asia and
Africa, seep. 2.
BRITISH NORTHERN COLONIES,
Principal Ports. — Fort Albany, Fort Georfie (Columbia River), Fort
Vancouver (North-west coast of America), Moose Factory, York Fac-
tory.
NEWFOUNDLAND.
Principal Por^.— St. John's.
By O. C, Nov. 18, 1834, it is stated that the Board of Trade have considered the Report of
tlie Commissioners of Customs on a question relating to the removal of tea from Newfoundland
to anotlier British Possession in America, and they have given their opinion that the wliole of
tliese possessions should be considered as one place in the view of tlie law upon the subject,
and consequently, that tea having been duly imported into any part of that place, is virtually
imported into the whole, and is therefore free to be carried to any other port.
CANADA.
Principal Ports. — Gaspe, Montreal, New Carlisle, Quebec.
CERTIFICATES AS TO PASSENGERS.
Treasury Chambers, May 15, 1837. — Gentlemen: I am commanded by the
Lords Commissioners of His Majesty's Treasury to acquaint you, in reply to your
application of the 11th of March last, that my Lords have desired the Commis-
sioners of Customs to instruct their officers at the outports of the United King-
dom to grant certificates in all cases of passengers embarking for ports in the
province of Lower Canada.
I am, Gentlemen, your obedient Servant,
A. Y. SpEiKMAW.
The Committee of the General Shipowners'
Society, 72, Comhill.
310
AMERICA.— British Possessions.
[1837-
^
in 1
w
CO
in rl
'efl
cs
CI CI
0
*
*
■ t^ • .
*
in ^
.3.'
H
0
CO
in
.fe i
oj !M
0
-^
0
ri< 0
0
0
''?. a
'ZS '"
a>
0
00 '-^
CO
0
m 0
_rt -p
-^
0
0
r-^ t>.
CO
0
0.0
™ E
0 CO
C-l
<M
0
Ift t^
CO
0
CO
00
^
c<
in 00
Cl f— 1
00
'q'
00
0 00
EO
0
CO CO
t^
t^ -*
a
■rf
s .
•
•
• «o~ * "
•
• tS cJ
0
0
H
'
CI
10 t^
00 0
p
•o
eo" oT
-e
V •
. 0
00
0
0
-f to
0
0
0
0? 00
00
0
0 CO
CI
0
a ■
'•S 0
13*1
0
CO
0
en JO
0
0
=. 0
a
rS CO
!M
r^
0
>n in
-^
0
o
s s
0 ^
.-^
0
-*
.r^ CI
t^
0
P5<
0 00
CO
t^
CO
iO CO
CI
CO
<^^
I— 1
f— p— 1
d
CO
00
m
05
f— c
0
!-<
02
cS
_eS .
oi
g
•
•
• -rf * ■
•
• CO
CO
CO
0
co^
'an
r-4
cT 1
O
M OI
CO
OJ
0
-rf CO
rr
0
»- >— •
0
i->.
0
00 CD
CO
0
rt 0
00
CO
0
•rf TT
CT>
0
Is
CI
CO
CO
0 CO
-f
0
(M
-I"
CO CO
CI
00
c-i
to 1— c
1— <
0
CO
CI
CA
t^
CO
-^
•
M
in
1^
CO
d
03 ,
iS
I '^ I '•
'. 00
cJ
c
^
Q
•
'
t^
•
OS
t^
_2
■3
«
t^
1—1
eo"
^ ji
,_i
01
0
0
Cl CI
0
0
> 2
B) CO
vTi
CJ
0
— 0
•n
0
,b
'■?. c
CO
CO
0
to tT
CO
0
0
s g
G- ®
CO
^
0
CO 0
^
0
fe-g
£ "*
t>.
0
•^
0 0
1— 1
CC'
Qco
^
CI
CJ
-75 t^
'-'
CI
0
0
0
0
c^
CI
^
tj
0
00^
00
IS
:tf •
■*e
* 0" ■
* oT
a^
H
Q
• so
CJ^
cf
Oi
cT
00
co_
9 .
. 0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
x 0
0
0
0
0 0
Cl
0
'"o ^
rt®
c
0
0
0 00
0
0
*\ .^
p- 3
:=: 0
0
0
0
0 in
-^
0
•
jTa
0 0
0
0
0
0 Tf
-*
^
rf
PS<
«°.
00
CO
—'
00 (^
CI
CO
'5.
—
0
>(UC
q
^ •SJ[ui;q
pa.i3:^jT;t{D
G paja;.n?no
^
■^
P5 c5~"
"~^
3
_^
1
K
"3
^
o
'6
<u
0
i ^ S
0
3
0
I
0
0
0 o"
1
^
00
s
2
C CO
d
1
p
*
■^
£
0
3
2
0 cT
>A
P
1
£ 1=^
di °
•r3 '«
0) 1* -s
r> CO
1837-8.] AMERICA.--BRITISH Possessions. 311
NEW BRUNSWICK.
Principal Ports. — Mirainichi, Restif^ouclie, Richibucto, St. John's, St.
Andrew's, St. Peter's, Sliediac,
NOVA^SCOTIA.
Principal Ports. — Arischat, Bedique, Cumberland, Country Harbour,
Douglas, Gysborougl), Halifax, Liverpool, La Havre, Manchester, New
Edinburgh, Pictou, Pugwash, Ramshag, Shelburne, Sherbrooke, Syd-
ney (Cape Breton), Tatmagush, Yarmouth.
MONEYS!
The only gold coins current in the province are the doubloon and its parts. The
value of the doubloon is '.il. 7s. 2il. sterling, at which rate only it is received at
the Custom-house; but it passes at the Treasury, Excise Office, and currently
throughout the province, at 3/. I2s. sterling, e(iuai to 4/. currency — 16 dollars.
The silver current coins are the dollar and its parts ; four dollars make \l.
currency, and IG dollars a doubloon.
The English shilling is made by law equal to Is. 3f/. currency, 4s. making a
dollar, its former current value having been Is. l^d. English crowns and half-
crowns do not bear a proportionate value, passing respectively at only 6s. and 3s.
currency.
In the market the value of all coins, (except English silver,) fiuctnated con-
siderably during the year ; doubloons having been sometimes at a premium of 1 ^
per cent. ; and the price of the dollar having varied from 5s. to 5s. 2(7. currency.
The sovereign too (which is rarely seen) was sometimes worth 25»., and some-
times fell as low as -3s. 10<1. currency.
Accounts h'ept. — At the Custom-house and military offices accounts are kept in
sterling money ; but at the provincial treasury, public offices, and throughout the
province, they are kept in currency.
To reduce sterling into currency add one-ninth.
To reduce currency into sterling deduct one-tenth.
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
The same as those used in England.
Purler's Official Tables,
BRITISH WEST INDIES.
The following is a list of these islands, viz., Antigui, Bahamas, Bar-
badoes, Berbice, Bermuda, Demerara, Dominica, Grenada, Honduras,
.Jumaioa, Montserrat, Nevis, St. Kitt's, St. Lucia, St. Vincent's, Tobago,
Tor-tola, Trinidad.— £rfiV/. Gaz.
NEW ST.\T£ OF THINGS.
The payment of claims in the West India islands under the Slave Compensa-
tion Act by the remittance of specie direct, may be regarded as indicative of a
commencing change in their internal trading intercourse, which eventually must
extend to their external r-elations. West India traffic was formerly little else
thaii a system of barter— commodity against cornmodity ; for, the labour of the
slave, to begin with, was paid in kind, thaf^ is in provisions and clothing, so that
no money passed in the shape of wages* The produce of bis plantation was
consigned by the planter to his merchant or factor in London or Liverpool, as
payment for part or by anticipation for future supplies, of those necessaries to his
stores, and the excess in value of the produce shipped over the returns was rarely
remitted to the islands, but when not absorbed by previous advances of the factor,
or by mortgaged claimants, or by absentee proprietors, was generally inserted
312 AMERICA.— British Possessions. [1837-8.
for account of the consignor, in public securities here, deducting what might be
needed for extension of cultivation or renovation of stock at home ; and whatever
was wanted for that end might still be accomplished without the passage of specie
between parties by means of bills of exchange upon the mother country, always
negotiable against the lumber, bread stuffs, and provisions of the United States,
Canada, Hamburgh, or elsewhere. With thetown population of the West Indies
the case was somewhat different, so far as the retail dealing and articles of do-
mestic consumption were concerned. There a circulation of some sort v/as ne-
cessary, and became established eventually. Large amounts of specie were im-
ported during the time that the commerce of the Spanish Main centered in Ja-
maica, but being for account of manufactured goods, of which it was merely a
place of transit or deposit, and not for the products of the island itself, the specie
entered little into the general circulation, but bulk unbroken was mostly reship-
ped to order of the British exporter and principal interested.
In the state of money affairs and the mode of conducting business thus de-
scribed, the Emancipation Act has already begun to work a material alteration,
and seems likely to effect in a few years a total revolution. The result of the
clauses restrictive of the hours of slave or apprentice labour has already been,
that a considerable portion of his time remains at the free disposal of the negro,
which, if inclined, or if he consider it as more advantageous than employing it
in cultivating his allotment of land for raising food, he can and does sell to his
master or the best bidder, and the wages of which are paid him no longer in
commodities but in money, with the amount of which he goes to market for the
supplies which he could have raised. But, as the value of his labour exceeds
proportionally the higher prices he has to pay for food, the negro, it is clear, is
still a gainer, and has calculated rationally. Such being the case, a greater cir-
culation and absorption of money is caused and has become necessary, and this
from the extended operation of the same causes must be still more considerably
increased within a brief period, for on the 1st of August, 1838, the state of ap-
prenticeship of the " non-predial," or town slave apprentices, is by law to cease
and determine. They become free labourers, competent to bargain for their
labour, and dispose of it to the best advantage for money wages, so that a money-
market is created and enlarged as the free labour market is established. In two
years afterwards the state of apprenticeship of the " predial" apprentices, that
is, of the whole slave population of the country, ceases, and with that a further
extension of the currency will be rendered inevitable. A local consumption of
money, to an extent never anticipated, will thus ensue in the West India
Islands, and thus an additional market be opened for it, which must abstract the
quantity required from the stock and circulation of other countries, with which
in reference to demand and supply, they will therefore be brought into competi-
tion.
The Colonial Bank, which is establishing branches in all the islands, has its
resident agent, and has become a regular purchaser of dollars in the Mexican
market, and is likely to continue so, from the obligation under which it is laid, by
the terms of its charter, of redeeming its notes on demand in dollars or specie.
The Government also, at the time of conceding the charter, is understood to have
expressed the intention of issuing a new coinage for the use of the colonies, for
which, of course, a stock in hand of the precious metals would be indispensable.
In the mean time, dealings will probably assume a totally different shape, in the
West Indies, and a new class of dealers, or intermediate agents, properly so
called, spring up to furnish supphes to the population — no longer restricted, as
heretofore, to the stores of the planter or the merchant, to whom he was under
advances, or his plantation under mortgage. And this new species of dealing
1837-8.] AMERICA.— British Possessions. 313
will consist, as in Europe, of interchanges of money for goods, instead of the old
system of coffee and sugar against slops and stores, or food and clothing against
labour. Bills and exchanges, therefore, may come to be as regularly established
and quoted between Jamaica, Demerara, with the West Indies generally on the
one part, and the United States, England, and Europe, on the other, as now
between London, Paris, and North America. — Ed.
MONEYS. &c.
Colonial Office, January 12, 1837. — Sir: I have the honour to transmit to
you herewith the copy of a letter which has been addressed to my Under Secre-
tary of State by direction of the Lords Commissioners of the Treasury, communi-
cating their Lordships' consent to an application preferred by the West Indian
Banking Company to liave a coiuai,'e of fractional parts of the dollar executed
at His Majesty's Mint. It is my duty at the same time to draw your particular
attention to their Lordships' declaration, that in permitting the^e coins to be
struck at His Majesty's Mint, it is not, by any means, intended to imply any
authority or guarantee on the part of His Majesty's Government for their issue
or circulation, as they are to circulate in the same manner as the promissory
notes of the Bank, merely on the responsibility of the Company. Neither is
there any intention implied on the part of the Government to give the coins any
legalized currency, or value in circulation in the colonies, beyond what they may
acquire, under the local laws or regulations of the respective colonifs.
As it is necessary that the information contained in their Lordships' letter
should be made known throughout the West Indies, I have to instruct you to
cause it to he published for general information, in the most authentic manner,
in the island under your government.
I have the honour to be, Sir,
Your most obedient humble servant,
Glenelg.
ANTIGUA.
Coins. — British silver (half-crowns, shillings, and sixpences) has been imported
to a large amount from the mother-country ; and these, with a small quantity of
British copper money, form the greater part of the present circulation.
Accounts are kept in pounds, shillings, and pence, currency.
Weights and Measures, the same as in England. — Porter^s Official Tables.
JAMAICA.
Coin in Circulation. — Since May 1834, the sum of 200,000/. in shillings
and sixpences of British coinage has been received as a loan from His Majesty's
Government, of which about 77,400 sterling, or 129,000/. currency, has been
put into circulation. — Porl€r''s Official Tables.
MONTSERRAT.
Coins. — Gold. Joes according to their weight. Doubloons and parts thereof.
Silver. British at its sterling value brought into currency at 100 per
cent, exchange. Spanish dollars and cut money. Dollars arid other Spanish
coin were cut by order of the legislature.
Coin and Paper Currency in circulation, — Coin, about 10,000/, sterlings
paper currency, none.
Accounts kept in pounds, shillings, and pence.
Weights and Measures. — The Custom House standard weights, steelyards
and poise, brass scales and weights. Articles are purchased and sold by the
1001b, instead of cwts. The old standard measure is used, being about one-
sixth below the imperial measure. — Porter's Official Tables.
NEVIS.
Coins. — All British Coins pass at the nominal rate of exchange, or par, 200
per cent,
314
AMERICA.— British Possessions.
[1837-8.
Gold.
A Sixteeii-Dollar Piece or Doubloon . . =
Eight J , Half-Doubloon . =
Four , , Quarter-Doubloon . =
Two ,, . . . . =
One ,, . . . , =
Silver.
A Seventy-two Dog, or Dollar . . . ~
Thirty-six , , Six-bit Piece, or half a dollar —
Five-bit & Two-dog, or two-.
sheedie piece . .
Three-bit piece, or quarter-
dollar . . . =
Two-bit and Four-dog piece,
or a sheedie . . =
Two-bit and One-dog piece =
Bit-and-a-half piece . =
Shilling piece, orhalf'-sheedie =
Piece . . , =
Sixpenny piece . . =
Half-a-bit piece . . =
Copper.
' 1 Bit.
1 Dollar.
1 Doubloon.
CiUTency.
Sterlii
S-
£. s. d.
7 4 0
3 12 0
1 10 0
0 18 0
0 9 0
£. s.
or 3 12
1 16
0 18
0 9
0 4
d.
0
0
0
0
6
0 9 0
0 4 0
0 4
0 2
6
3
Thirty-two
Eighteen
Sixteen
Thirteen
Nine
Eight
Seven
Foiu-
Three
= 040
0 2-3
0 2 0
0 1 1^
A Dog
6 Dogs
12 Bits
16 Dollars
0
2
0
0
1
0
0
1
7^
0
0
n
0
1
H
0
0
6f
0
1
0
0
0
6
0
0
lOi
0
0
H
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
^
0
0
^
0
0
^
0
0
H
=
1 Penny
=
=
1 Shillin
V.
=
=
1 Po
Lind.
12 Pence
20 Shillings =
Accounts kept in pounds, shillings, and pence, except by a few hucksters,
who keep them in dollars, bits, and dogs.
WuiGHTS and Measures. — The same as in England. — Porler^s Official Tables.
TORTOLA.
Coins. — Gold. The doubloon, which passes current for 6/. 12s. currency, or
sixteen dollars, at 8s. 3c^. currency per dollar; the joe, or half-doubloon, which
passes for half the value of the above ; the four-dollar piece, which passes for
one-quarter doubloon ; the two-dollar piece, which passes for one-eighth ditto.
s. d.
Silver. — The round Spanish dollar passes current at 8 3 currency.
The cut, or half-dollar, for . . . 4 li , ,
The quarter Spanish dollar passes at . .20 , ,
The eighth 10,,
There are also pistorines, bits, and half-bits; also a copper coin, called black
dogs, with the stamp of the letters H. T. & S. — Porter s Official Tables.
BRITISH POSSESSIONS IN GENERAL*.
Growth, Manufacture, &,-c. — No goods shall upon importation into any
of the British Possessions in America be deemed to be tho growth, pro-
duction, or manufacture of the United Kingdom, or of any British Pos-
session in America, unless imported from the United Kingdom, or from
some Britisli Possession in America. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 59, § 27.
Importation and Exportation. — No goods shall be imported into, nor
shall any goods, except the produce of the fisheries in British ships, be
exported from any of the British Possessions in America by sea from or
to any place other than the United Kingdom, or some other of sucli pos-
sessions, except into or from the several ports in such possessions, called
" Free Ports," enumerated or described in the table following, viz. : —
* Coals. — By T. L., Sept. 10, 1836, the Board of Trade are ol'opiniuu tliat llic ud valunm duty
shoidd not be collecled in any of the Britisli possessious on the exportation of coals.
1837-8.]
AMERICA.— British Possess ons.
315
TABLE OF FREE PORTS.
(For Warehousing; Ports,
Kingston, Savannah la Mar, Monteiro
Bay, Santa Lucia, Antonio, Saint
Ann, Falmouth, Maria, Morant
Bay, Annotto Bav. Black River,
Rio Bueno, Port Morant, Old Har-
bour (O. C, April 21), 183G.)
Saint George
Roseau . .
Saint John's
San Josef
Scarborough
Road Harbour
Nassau ....
Pitt's Town
Kingston ....
Port St. George and Port Hamilton .
Any Port where there is a Custom-
house ....
Bridgetown
St. John's, St. Andrew's
Halifax, Pictou
Quebec ....
Saint John's
George Town
New Amsterdam
Castries (O. C, Sept, 30, 1835.)
Basseterre .
Charles Town
Plymouth
Sydney ....
Charlotte Town
Anguilla ....
YaZl} (O.C.,A,„.„,,S3..,
Welsh Pool in the island of Cainpo
Bello (O.C, April, 1835.)
Miramichi (T. L., Sept. 5, 1836.) .
Majaquadavie.
seep.Z2'L)
.lamaica.
Grenada.
Dominica.
Antigua.
Trinidad.
Tobago.
Tortola.
New Providence.
Crooked Island.
Saint Vincent.
Bermuda.
Bahamas.
Barbadoes.
New Brunswick.
Nova Scotia.
Canada.
Newfoundland
Demerara.
Berbice.
Saint Lucia.
St. Kitt's.
Nevis.
Montserrat.
Cape Breton.*
Prince Edward's Island
Anguilla.
Nova Scotia.
New Brunswick.
Ditto.
And if any goods be imported into any place in any of the said posses-
sions contrary hereto, such goods shall be forfeited. 3 and 4 Will. IV.,
c. 59, i^ 2.
By O ( '., March 4i 1835, tlio port ol' MujatiUiidavio in the jnovinco of New Hnmswick shall l)i3
a Free Port fur thej single purpose of imporliug from the United States of Amerioa articles
for the use ami consumption of His Majesty's subjects and others inhabiting the said port
and for no other purpose.
Custom House, London, Dec. 14, 183-1.
Gentlemen, — A question having arisen as to tlie admission, duly free, of {^nods the produce or
manufacture of the islands of Jersey and Guernsey, and also of goods the jiroduce of tlie United
Kim,'dom, when imported Iroui those islands into the Uritisli Possessions in America, we
acijuaintyou that goods the produce of tlie islands of .lersey and Guernsey are 7Wt, upon iniport-
atiou thence into the Uritish Possessions in America, exempted from the payment of duties
which are chargeable upon the like gjods when imported from any foreign country ; and we
acquaiut you that goods the produce of the United Kingdom, when imported from the islands of
Jersey or Guernsey, are liable to the foreign duty, it having been enacted by the S/th section of
theact3and 4 Will. IV., c. 50, that no goods shall upon importation into any of the Uritish
Possessions in America be deemed to be the growth, production, or manufacture of the United
Kingdom, unless imported from the United Kingdom, or from some Ibitish Possession in
America. il. Richmond.
W. L. Mabebly.
316 AMERICA.— British Possessions. [1837-8.
Other Ports. — If His Majesty shall deem it expedient to extend the
provisions of this Act to any ports not enumerated in the said table, it
shall be lawful for His Majesty, by order in council, to extend the provi-
sions of this Act to such ports ; and from the day mentioned in such
order in council all the privileges and advantages of this Act, and all the
provisions and forfeitures therein contained, (subject nevertheless to the
limitations and restrictions hereinafter provided,) shall extend to any
such ports respectively, as fully as if the same had been inserted in the
said table at the time of passing this Act. Provided also, that nothing
hereinbefore contained shall extend to prohibit the importation or expor-
tation of goods into or from any places in Newfoundland or Labrador in
British ships. § 3.
Ports for limited purposes. — And whereas there are in the said pos-
sessions many places situated in rivers and in bays at which it may be
necessary to establish ports for particular and limited pui-poses only ; it
is therefore enacted that it shall be lawful for His Majesty, in any order
in council made for the appointment of any free port, to limit and con-
fine such appointments respectively to any and such purposes only as
shall be expressed in such order. § 4.
Privileges to Foreign Ships lijiiited. — And whereas by the law of na-
vigation foreign ships are permitted to import into any of the British pos-
sessions abroad from the countries to which they belong, goods the pro-
duce of those countries, and to export goods from such possessions to be
carried to any foreign country whatever: and whereas it is expedient that
such permission should be subject to certain conditions ; it is therefore
enacted, that the privileges thereby granted to foreign ships shall be li-
mited to the ships of those countries which, having colonial possessions,
shall grant the like privileges of trading with those possessions to British
ships, or which, not having colonial possessions, shall place the com-
merce and navigation of this country, and of its possessions abroad, upon
the footing of the most favoured nation, unless His Majesty by his order
in council shall in any case deem it expedient to grant the whole or any
of such privileges to the ships of any foreign country, although the con-
ditions aforesaid shall n^t in all respects be fulfilled by such foreign
country: provided always, that no foreign country shall be deemed to
have fulfilled the before-mentioned conditions, or to be entitled to the
privileges aforesaid, unless and until His Majesty shall, by some order
to be by him made by the advice of his privy council, have declared that
such foreign country hath so fulfilled the conditions and is entitled to the
said privileges ; provided also, that every order in council in force at the
time of the commencement of this Act whereby declaration is made of
the countries which are entitled in whole or in part to the privileges of
the law of navigation hereinbefore referred to and recited, shall continue
in force as efiiectually as if the same had been afterwards made under
the authoi'ity of this Act. § 5. (For the countries which have been so
declared see under the names of such countries, in geographical order.)
Goods Prohibited or Restricted. — The several sorts of goods enume-
rated in the table following are hereby prohibited to be imported or
brought, either by sea or byi^iland carriage ornavigatioji, into the Bri-
tish possessions in America, or shall be so imported or brought only
under the restrictions mentioned in such table, according as the several
sorts of such goods are set forth therein, viz. : —
1837-8.] AMERICA.— British Possessions. 317
A Taule of Prohibitions and Restrictions.
Gunpowder,
Arms,
Ammunitions or Utensils of War,
Prohibited to be imported, except from the United Kingdom, or from
some other British possessions.
Tea,
Prohibited to be imported, except from the United Kingdom, or from
some other British possession m America, unless by the East India
Company, or with their license during the continuance of tlieir ex-
clusive right of trade, viz., April 22, 1834.
Fish. Dried or Salted,
Oil, Blubber, Fins, or Skins, the produce of creatures living in the sea.
Prohibited to be imported, except from the United Kingdom, or from
some other British possession, or unless taken by British ships fitted
out from the United Kingdom, or from some British possession, and
brought in from the fishery, and except herrings from the Isle of
Man, taken and cured by the inhabitants thereof.
Cofifee,
Sugar,
Molasses,
Rum,
Being of foreign production, or the production of any place within the
limits of the East India Company's charter, prohibited to be import-
ed into any of the British possessions on the continent of South
America, or the West Indies (the Bahama and Bermuda islands not^
included), except to be warehoused for exportation only ; and may
also be prohibited to be imported into the Bahama or the Bermuda
Islands by His Majesty's order in council.
Base or Counterfeit Coin,
Books, such as are prohibited to be imported into the United Kingdom,
Prohibited to be imported.
Goods contrary to Law. — And if any goods shall be imported or brought
into any of the British possessions in America contrary to any of the pro-
hibitions or restrictions mentioned in such table in respect of such goods,
the same shall be forfeited; and if the ship in which such goods be im-
ported be of less burthen than seventy tons, such ship shall also be for-
feited. % 7.
Articles, British, deemed Foreign. — All coffee, sugar, molasses, and
rum (although the same may be of the British plantations) exported from
any of the British possessions in America, into which the like goods of
foreign production can be legally imported, shall upon subsequent im-
portation thence into any of the British possessions in America, into
which such goods, being ol foreign production, cannot be legally im-
ported, or into the United Kingdom, be deemed to be of foreign produc-
tion, and shall be liable, on such importation respectively, to the same
duties or the same forfeitures as articles of the like description, being of
foreign production, would be liable to, unless the same shall have been
warehoused under the provisions of this Act, and exported from the
warehouse direct to such other British possession, or to the United King-
dom, as the case may be. § 8.
318 AMERICA.— British Possessions. [1837-8,
Duties of Importation. — There shall be paid unto His Majesty the se-
veral duties of customs, as the same are respectively set forth in the table
of duties hereinafter contained, upon goods imported or brought into any
of His Majesty's possessions in America.
TABLE OF DUTIES.
Duties payable upon Spirits, being of the growth, production, or manu-
facture of the United Kingdom, or of any of the British possessions in
America or the West Indies, imported into Newfoundland or Canada.
Spirits, viz. : —
imported into Newfoundland, viz. : —
the produce of any of the British possessions in South America or
the West Indies, viz. : —
imported from any British possession in America, £ s. d.
or from the United Kingdom, gal. . . 0 0 6
Imported from any other place, to be A.eQVi\e(S. foreign,
and to be charged with duty as such.
the produce of any B. P. in North America, or of the
United Kingdom, and imported from the United King-
dom, or from B. P. in America, gallon . . 0 16
Imported from any other place, to be deemed foreign,
and to be charged with duty as such.
imported into Canada, viz. : —
■ the produce of any B. P. in South America or the
West Indies, and imported from any B. P. in America,
or from the United Kingdom, gallon . . 0 0 6
Imported from any other place, to be deemed ybr6'?,g"«,
and to be charged with duty as such.
Note. — When imported from the United Kingdom, this
duty is not to be abated upon the ground of any duty
under any colonial law.
Duties payable upon goods not being of the growth, production, or
manufacture of the United Kingdom, or of any of the B. P. in Ame-
rica, imported or brought into any of the B. P. in America, by sea or
by inland carriage or navigation.
imported into B. P. in the West Indies or on the con-
tinent of South America, or into the Bahama or Bermuda
islands, viz. : —
Wheat Flour, barrel . . . . .050
imported from any B. P. in North America, or from
the warehouse in the United Kingdom . . . Free.
Shingles, not more than 12 inches in length, 1000 . . 0 7 0
more than 12 inches in length, 1000 . • 0 14 0
imported from any B. P. in North America, or from
the warehouse in the United Kingduni . . Free.
Red Oak Staves and Headings, viz. : —
on and from the 1st January, 183G, 1000 . . 0 15 0
imported from B. P. in North America, or from th.o
warehouse in the United Kingdom . . . Free.
White Oak Staves and Headings, viz. • —
on and from 1st January, 1836, 1000 . . . 0 12 6
imported from any B. P. in North America, or from
the warehouse in the United Kingdom . . . Free.
Pitch Pine Lumber, one inch thick, 1000 . . .110
imported from B. P. in North America, or from the
warehouse^in the United Kingdom . . . Free.
1837-8.] AMERICA.— British Possessions. 319
White and Yellow Pine Lumber, one inch thick, 1 000 feet, £ *. d.
viz. : —
on and from 1st January, 1836 . . .110
imported from B. P. in North America, or from the
warehouse in the United Kingdom . . . Free.
Dye Wood and Cabinet-makers' Wood . . Free.
Other kinds of Wood and Lumber, one inch thick, 1000
feet . . . . . . .18 0
Wood Hoops, 1000 . . . . .053
■ imported from B. P. in North America, or from the
warehouse of the United Kingdom j . Free.
Beef and Pork, salted, of all sorts, cwt. . . . 0 12 0
imported from B. P. in North America . . Free.
Imported into New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, or Prince Ed-
ward's Island, viz. : —
Wheat Flour, barrel . . . . .050
Beef and Pork, salted, of all sorts, cwt. . . . 0 J 2 0
fresh, brought by land or inland navigation . . Free.
Imported into any B. P. in America, viz. : —
Spirits, viz, : —
Brandy, Geneva, or Cordials, and other spirits, except
Rum, gal. . . . . . .010
and further, the amount of any duty patjable for
the time being on Spirits the manufacture of the
United Kingdom.
Rum, gal. ... . . . 000
a7id further, the amount of any duty payable for
the time being on Rum of the B. P. in South Ame-
rica or the West Indies.
N. B. — Rum, although British, if imported from B. P.
in which foreign rum is not prohibited, is treated as
foreign, unless it had been warehoused, and exported
from the warehouse.
Wine in bottles, tun
and further 100/. val. . .
and on the bottles, doz. ....
bottled in and imported from the United Kingdom,
100/. val. . . . . . ' .
the bottles . . ...
Wine not in bottles, 100/. val. . . . . 7 10 0
imported into B. P. in North America from Gibraltar
or Malta, subject to no higher duty than if imported
from the United Kingdom ; viz. one-tenth of the duty re-
mitted.
Coffee, cwt. . , . . . .
Cocoa, cwt. . . . . .
Sugar, cwt. .......
Melasses, cwt. ......
and further the amount of any duly payable for the
time being on coffee, cocoa, sngar, and melasses re-
spectively, being the produce of B. P. in South America
or the West Indies
Clocks and Watches
Leather Manufacitures
Linen . . . ^ lOO/. val. . . . 30 0 0
Musical Instruments
Wu'es of all sorts
7 7
7 10
0 1
0
0
0
7 10
Free.
0
0
fj
0
0
■O
0
0
5
0
0
3
0
320
AMERICA. — British Possessions.
[1837-8.
Books and Papers
Silk Manufactures
Glass Manufactures
Soap
Refined Sugar
Sugar Candy
Tobacco Manufactured
Cotton Manufactures
100^. val.
100/. val.
The following goods shall pay, 100/. val.
£ s. d.
30 0 0
20 0 0
7 10 0
Alabaster.
Anchoveys.
Argol.
Aniseed.
Amber.
Almonds.
Brimstone.
Botargo.
Boxwood.
Currants.
Capers.
Cascacoo.
Cummin seed.
Coral.
Cork.
Cinnabar.
Dates.
Essence of Bergamot.
■ of Lemon.
of Rose.
of Citron.
of Oranges.
of Lavender.
• of Rosemarv.
Marble, rough and worked.
Mosaic work.
Medals.
Musk.
Maccaroni.
Nuts of all kinds.
Oil of Olives.
Oil of Almonds.
Orris root.
Ostrich feathers.
Ochres.
Orange buds and peel.
Olives.
Pitch.
Pickles in jars and bottles.
Paintings.
Pozzolana.
Pumice stone.
Punk.
Parmesan cheese.
Pickles.
Prints.
Pearls.
Precious Stones, except Diamonds.
Quicksilver.
Raisins.
Sausages.
Sponges.
Tar.
Turpentine.
Vermilion.
Vermicelli.
Whetstones.
Emery stone.
Fruit, preserved in sugar or brandy.
Figs.
Honey.
Iron in bars, unwrought, and pig
iron.
Juniper berries.
Incense of Frankincense.
Lava and Malta stone for building.
Lentils.
Goods not otherwise charged with duty, and not herein de-
clared to be free of duty, 100/. val.
Goods Duty Free, viz.
Coin, Bullion, and Diamonds.
Horses, Mules, Asses, Neat Cattle, and all other Live Stock.
Tallow and Raw Hides.
Rice.
Corn and Grain unground.
Biscuit or Bread.
Meal or Flour, except Wheat Flour.
Fresh Meat.
Fresh Fish.
Carriages of Travellers.
15 0 0
1837-8.] AMERICA.— British Possessions. 321
Wheat Flour. "j
Beef and Pork. I , . i „ n i
Hams and Bacon. f I'^PO^ted into Canada.
Wood and Lumber. J
Wood and Lumber imported into New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, or Prince
Edward's Island.
Hay and Straw.
Fruit and Vegetables, frcsli.
Salt.
Cotton Wool.
Goods, the produce of places within the limits of the East India Com-
pany's charter, imported from those places, or from the United King-
dom, or from some place in the British dominions.
Herrings taken and cured by the inhabitants of the Isle of Man, and
imported from thence.
Lumber, the produce of and imported from any British possession on the
West Coast of Africa.
Any sort of Craft, Food, and Victuals, except Spirits, and any sort of
Clothing, and Implements and Materials, fit and necessary for the
British fisheries in America, imported into the place at or from whence
such Fishery is carried on.
Drugs.
Gums or Resins.
Dye Wood and Hard Wood.
Cabinet-makers' Wood.
Tortoiseshell.
Hemp, Flax, and Tow. . •
Seeds, Wheat, Flour, Fruits, Pickles,
Woods of all sorts, Oakum, Pitch,
Tar, Turpentine, Ochres, Brim-
stone, Sulphur, Vegetable Oils,
Burr Stones, Dog Stones, Hops,
Cork, Sago, Tapioca, Sponge, Sau-
sages, Cheese, Cider, Wax, Spices,
Tallow,
All goods imported from the United Kingdom, after having there paid
the duties of consumption, and being exported from thence without
drawback.
Abatement of Duties in certain Cases.
And if any of the goods hereinbefore-mentioned shall be imported
through the United Kingdom (having been warehoused therein, and ex-
ported from the warehouse, or the duties thereon, if there paid, having
been drawn back), one-tenth part of the duties herein imposed shall be
remitted in respect of such goods. ^S 9.
Certificate of production for Sugar, Coffee, Cocoa, or Spirits. Oath
of Grower. Declaration of E.i'porter. i)eclaratio7i of Manter. Goods
without Certificate.— Beiore any sugar, coffee, cocoa, or spirits shall be
shipped for exportation in any British Possession in America oi- in the
island of Mauritius, as being the produce of such possession or of such
island, the proprietor of the estate on which such goods were produced,
or his known agent, shall make and sign an affidavit* in writing before
the collector or comptroller at the port of exportatioH, or before one of
His Majesty's Justices of the peace, or other officer duly authoi'ised to
administer such oath, residing in or near the place where such estate is
situated, declaring that such goods are the produce of such estate ; and
such allidavit shall set forth the name of the estate, and the description
and quantity of the goods, and the packages containing the same, with
• By 5 Will. IV., c. 8., Treasury empowered to substitute a declaration.
y
Imported direct from the Ware-
house in the United Kinydom.
322 AMERICA.— British Possessions, [1837-8.
the marks and numbers thereon, and the name of tlie person to whose
charge at the place of shipment they are to be sent : and if any justice •
of the peace or other officer aforesaid shall subscribe his name to any
writing purporting to be such 'affidavit, unless the person purporting to
make such affidavit shall actually appear before him, and be sworn to the
truth of the same, such justice of the peace or officer shall forfeit for any
such oflFence 50^. ; and the person entering and shipping such goods
shall deliver such affidavit to the collector or comptroller, or other proper
officer, and shall make and subscribe a declaration before him that the
goods which are to be shipped by virtue of such entry are the same as
are mentioned in sucb affidavit; and- the master of the ship in vvhich
such o-oods shall be laden shall, before clearance, make and subscribe a
declaration before the collector or comptroller, that the goods shipped by
virtife of such entry are the same as are mentioned and intended in such
affidavit to the best of his knowledge and belief; and thereupon the coU
lector and comptroller, or other proper officer, shlll sign and give to the
master a certificate of production, stating that proof has been made in
manner required by law, that such goods (describing the same) are the
produce of such British possession or of such island, and setting forth in
such certificate the name of the exporter and of the exporting ship, and
of the master thereof, and the destination of the goods ; and if any sugar,
coffee, cocoa, or spirits be imported into any British Possession in Ame-
ifica, as being th*e produce of some other such possession or of such island,
without such certificate of production, the same shall be forfeited. § 29. .
Certificate of Production on Re-exportation from another Colony. —
Before any sugai;, coffee, cocoa, or spirits shall be shipped for exportation
in anyBrki^h Possession in America, as being the produce of some other
sudi possession, the person exporting the same shall, in the entry- out-
Wards, state the place of the production, and refer to the entry inwards
and landino- of such goods, and shall make and subscribe a declaration
before the collector or comptroller to the identity of the same ; and there-
upon, if such goods shall have been duly imported with a certificate of
' production within twelve months prior to the shipping for exportation,
the collector and comptroller shall sign and give to the master a certifi-
cate of production founded upon and referring to the certificate of pro-
duction under which such goods had been so imported, and containing
the like particulars, together with the date of guch importation, § 30.
/Certificate. — No goods shall be entered as being of or from any Bri-
tish Possession .in America (if any benefit attach to such distinction)
unless* the master of the ship importing the same shall have delivered
to the collector or comptroller a certificate, under the hand of the proper
officer of the place where such 'goods were taken on board, of the due
clearance of such ship from thence, containing an account of such goods.
3and4Will. IV., c, 52, §31,
Free Warehousing Pqrts, •
Bridgetown in Barbadoes,
Quebec in Canada,
Sydney in Cape Breton,
Roseau in Dominica,
St. George in Grenada,
Kingston and'Montego Bay in Jamaica.
Charlestown in Nevis,
St. John's and St. Andrew's in New Brunswick,
St. John's in Newfoundland,
Nassau in New Providence,
Halifax and Pictou in Nova Scotia,
B'asseterye in St. Kitt's, ••
• Kingston in St. Vincent, . '
1837-8.J AMERICA.— British Possessions. 323
Road Harbour in Tortola,
San Joseph in Trinidad,
Castries in St. Lucia, [Oct. 1836]*
shall be Free Warehousing Ports for all the purposes of this Act : and
that
KiuL'iston and Montreal in the Canadas, and
Liverpool and Varniouth in Nova Scotia,
shall be Warehousing Ports for the warehousin<}^ of {roods brought by
land or by inland naviuafion, or imported in British ships.
Ajyimintmeut of IVarehouxcs. — It shall be lawful for the several. col-
lectors and comptrollers of the said ports respectively, by notice in writ-
inpf under their hands, to appoint from time to time such warehouses at
such ports respectively as shall be approved of by them for the free ware-
housing and securing of goods therein for the purposes of this Act, and
also in such notice to declare what sorts of goods may be so warehoused,
and also by like notice to revoke or alter any such appointment or decla-
ration : Provided always, that every such notice shall be transmitted to
the governor of the place, and shall be published in such manner as he
shall direct. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 59, § 36.
How Tea may be Imported. — It shall be lawful to import any tea into
the British Possessions of America, from the Cape of Good Hope and
places eastward of the same to the straits of Magellan, or from the
United Kingdom, and not from any other place, in. such and the like
manner as if the same were set forth in an act passed in the present ses-
sion of parliament to regulate the trade of the British Possessions abroad.
3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 101, s^ 2.
Manifest to be produced before Clearing out. — Before any ship shall
be cleared out or depart fronj any place in any of the British Possessions
abroad, with any goods for the United Kingdom, or for the Isle of Man,
the master of such ship shall produce the manifest to the collector or
comptroller of the customs, or other proper ofTicer, who shall certify upon
the same the date of the prodixction thereof to him, 3 and 4 Will. IV.,
c. 52, s^ 4.
Dutch Proprietors may supply their Estates from Holland. — It shall
be lawful for any of tlie subjects of the King of the Netherlands,
being Dutch proprietors in the colonies of Demerara and Essequibo and
of Berbice, to import in Dutch ships, from the Netherlands into the said
colonies, all the usual articles of supply for their estates therein, and also
wine imported for the purposes of medicine only, and which shall be
liable to a duty of 1 Os\ per tun, and no more ; and in case seizure be
made of any articles so imported, upon the ground that they are not
such supplies, or are for the pm-pt)sc of trade, the proof to the contrary
shall lie on the Dutch proprietor importing the same, and not on the
seizing officer: provided that if sufHcient security by bond be given in
court to abide the decision of the commissioners of customs upon such
seizure, the goods so seized shall bo admitted to entry and released.
3 and 4 WiU. IV., c. 59, § 51.
Conditions.— It shall not be lawful for such Dutch proprietors to ex-
port the produce of their estates to the United Kingdom, or to any of His
Majesty's sugar colonies in America, except under the conditions here-
inafter provided. § 52.
IVho deemed Dutch Proprietors. Proprietors of Estates. Holders of
Mortgages.— AW subjects of His Majesty the king of the Netherlands re-
sident in His said Majesty's European dominions, who were at the date of
* Harbour Grace, in the island of NewlbumUuiul, a Free Port, and ;i Free Warehousiiij,' Port,
from the lOtli .Tuly. 1836. (T. C, lllh J uno, 183G.J
Grand Kei/, Turk's Island, in tUo Itahumas, a Free Warehousing Povt. (O. C, 18th May
183G.)
St. George, in tha Bermudas. By O. C, Oct. 26th, 1836, declared a Free Warehousing Port
y 2
324 AMERICA.— British Possessions. [1837-8.
the sianatiu-c of the convention between His late Majesty King George the
Thinland the King of the Netherlands, dated August 12, 1815, proprie-
tors of estates in the said colonies, and all subjects of His said Majesty
who may hereafter become possessed of estates then belonging to Dutch
proprietors therein, and all such proprietors as being then resident in
the said colonies, and being natives of His said Majesty's dominions in
the Netherlands, may have declared, within three months after the pub-
lication of the aforesaid convention in the said colonies, that they wish to
continue to be considered as such, and all subjects of His said Majesty
the King of the Netherlands who may be the holders of mortgages of
estates in the said colonies made prior to the date of the convention, and
who may under their mortgage deeds have the right of exporting from
the said colonies to the Netherlands the produce of such estates, shall
be deemed Dutch proprietors under the provisions of this Act ; provided
that where both Dutch and British subjects have mortgages upon the
same property in the said colonies, the produce to be consigned to the
diiferent mortgagees shall be in proportion to the debts respectively due
to them. § 53.
Pet-sons not wishing to be considered Dutch Proprieto?-s. — If any such
person shall make and sign a declaration in writing, attested by two cre-
dible witnesses, setting forth that he is desirous and has elected not to be
deemed to be a Dutch proprietor within the meaning of the said Act in
respect of any such estate or mortgage to be mentioned and named in
such declaration, and shall cause such declaration to be delivered to the
commissioners of (customs, such person shall thenceforth be no longer
nor again be deemed a Dutch proprietor within the meaning of the said
Act in respect of the estate or mortgage so mentioned in such declara-
tion ; and such declaration shall have effect in respect of any goods the
produce of any such estate of which such person, so far as relates to those
goods, was a Dutch proprietor, although such goods may have been ex-
ported from the colony belbre the delivering of such declaration as afore-
said. ^54.
Articles from Guernsey and Jersey for Fisheries. — Whereas it is
expedient to allow any sort of ci'aft, food, victuals (except spirits), and
any sort of clothing and implements and materials fit and necessary for
the British fisheries in America, to be imported in British ships into any
place in the British possessions in North America at or whence the said
fisheries are carried on, although such port or place be not a free port; it
is therefore enacted, that it shall be lawful to import from the Islands of
Guernsey and Jersey, in British ships, into such places in America the
articles before described. 6 and 7 Will. IV., c. 60, § 15.
HONDURAS.
Bay of Honduras, a very large and convenient bay, situated between
the Cape Honduras, in lat. 15j° N., and that of Coteche, at the eastern
extremity of the province of Yucatan, in 21^° N.
Belize, a settlement in the Bay of Honduras, known in England on
account of its mahogany. — Edin. Gaz.
By C, O., Oct. 26, 1825, Honduras is declared to be not a British Tossession in America.
FOREIGN WEST INDIES.
Principal Ports. — Hayti, Cuba, Porto Rico, Guadaloupe, Martinique,
Curacoa, St, Bartholomew, St. Croix, St. Martin. St. Thomas, Cayenne,
Surinam.
1S37-8.J AMERICA.— United States, &c, 325
ST. DOMINGO, OR HAYTI.
Communicatio7i xrith Jamaica. — No British merchant ship shall sail
from any place in the island of Jamaica to any place in the island of
Saint Domingo, nor from any place in the island of St. Domingo to any
place in the island of Jamaica, under the penally of the forfeiture of such
ship, together with her cargo; and no foreign ship which shall have come
from, or shall in the course of her voyage have touched at, any such
place in the island of Saint Domingo, shall come into any port or har-
hour in the island of Jamaica ; and if any such ship having come into
any such port or harhour shall continue there for forty-eight hours after
notice shall have been given by the officer of customs to depart there-
from, such ship shall be forfeited ; and if any person be landed in the
island of Jamaica from on board any ship which shall have come from
or touched at the Island of Saint Domingo, except in case of urgent
necessity, or unless license shall have been given by the governor of
Jamaica to land such person, such ship shall be forfeited, together with
her cargo. 3 and 4 Will. IV., c. 59, s^ 55.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
Principal Ports. — Annapolis, Alexandria, Amelia Island, Boston,
Blakely, Baltimore, Beaufort, City Point, Charleston, Darien, George-
town (Columbia), Long Island, Mobile, Nantucket, New Bedford, New
Orleans, Newhaven, New York, Norfolk, Penobscot, Providence, Ports-
mouth, Philadelphia, Petersburg, Pensacola, Rhode Island, Richmond,
Savannah, St. Mary's (Georgia), St. Augustine, Wilmington.
RECIPROCITY TREATY.
By O. C, Oct. 15,1832, it is declared, tliat the United States of America arc some of the foreign
powers with wiiich any reciprocity treaties are subsisting.
l!y O. C, Nov. 5, 1830, tiie ships of and belonging to tlio United States of America may import
from tlie United States into the British Possessions aliroad, goods the produce of those
states, and may export goods from the British Posseasions abroad to be carried to any
foreign country wliatever.
As to the nature of Reciprocity Law, see p. 44.
CONVENTION.
The original convention of commerce was dated July 3, 1815, and was
to continue in force for four years. It was renewed by treaty dated
October 20, 1818, for ten years, and has been again renewed by treaty in
1827.
FINANCE AND COMMERCE.
Remarks, &c., on the Present State and Future Prospects of the United
States, in connexion with the late Financial Policy of the Bank of England;
on National Bank ; and Resumption of Specie Payments. Also, Tables and
Remarks on the Monetary and Commercial AflfUirs of the United States and
the Canadas.
The writer enters into a long discussion on these important topics, and says,
" Lest these remarks should be considered as general and crude assertions, I
shall present some details from authentic sources, to show the value and extent
of some of our commercial relations with the United States, and the immense
and rapidly increasing resources of the latter, compared with which their
indebtedness, wlien at its greatest amount, was a bagatelle. Afterwards I shall
proceed to consider the probability of an early resumption of specie payments ia
the States, and the establishment of a National Bank.
No. I. Dollars.
In 1836 the total import into the United States was by official
value ...... 189,930,035
Of which there came from Great Britain and its de-
pendencies ..... 86,022,915
326 AMERICA.— United States. [1837-8.
fio.],contmited, viz.: — Dollars.
In 1836 Tlie total export from the United States was, by offi-
cial value ..... 128,663,040
Of which there went to Great Britain, &c. . . 64,487,550
Total tons of shipping entered inwards to the United
States ...... 1,935,597
Of which were foreign .... 680,213
The British tonnage alone being . . , 544,774
Upon the above difference between the import and export, a writer iu the
Courier and Enquirer makes the following statement : —
Dollars.
Balance of import beyond export .... 61,000,000
Goods in store iu New York, to replace those
destroyed by fire . . . 15,000,000
Balance of specie imported, which should not
have been imported. . . . 12,000,000
Freight of American shipping, at 20 dollars
per ton ..... 20,000,000
Fisheries, including whale and sperm oil . 10,000,000
57,000,000
Making the balance, or overtrading . . . 4,000,000
As far as the acts of the merchants are concerned: the 15,000,000 dollars
(replacing goods destroyed) being in store, and that quantity required as a fast
property, and the specie going fast back again to P]urope.''
No. 2.
Increase in the growth of cotton : —
Year. In the whole world. In the United States.
1801 520,000,0001b, 48.000,0001b.
1831 820,000,0001b. 385,000,0001b.
1834 900,000,000 lb. 400,000, 0001b.
[A gentleman, intimately acquainted with the statistics of the Union, in
formed me that the present year's crop in America is likely to produce
1,800,000 bales, which, at 3o0"lb. per bale, would be 63,0000,000 lb. j but this
amount, I think, must be a little overrated.]
No. 3.
The capital employed in the Union, in the growth of cotton was, in —
Dollars.
1801 . . 80,000,000
1811 . . 134,000,000
1821 . . 300,000,000
1831 . . 650,000,000
1835 . . 800,000,000
N. B. Dollars 4.80 to the £ sterling, or 20 cents., equal to \0d.
No. 4.
Export of raw cotton from the United States : —
To England. Total, including England.
1801 19 million pounds 20 9.10ths million pounds.
. 1811 46| do.
1821 931 do.
1831 20. ■)i do.
1835 252 do.
1836 279 l-5th do.
N.B. Thiee-I'ouitlis of the entire import of cotton into England are from the
United States.
N. B. Scotland and Ireland not included in term " England."
62 l-5th
do.
124 g^lOths
do.
277
do.
38()
do.
423^
do.
1837-8.] AMERICA.— United States. 327
No. 5.
Persons employed in the cotton factories of England in
1822 . . . 427,000 persons
1832 . .• .. 1,200.000 do.
1835 . . . 1,500,000 do.
N0..6.
Official value of cotton goods exported from England in
1801 . . .33 million dollars
1811 . . . G8 do. *
1821 . . .113 do.
]831 . • . .208 do.
1833 . . . 222 do.
The official value is founded on the quantity, taking the price as in IfiSO. The
real or declared value in 1833^vas 88:| million dollars, but the real or daclared
value will generally be found 2i to 5 per cent, under the market price.
N. B. The export of cotton goods IVom England has in value been nearly one-
half of her total export during some years past.
No. 7.
Internal communications. — I have no returns of the canal fund for the whole
Union, but the "Report of the Commissioners of the Canal Fund of the State of
New York" may be taj<en as a criterion of the progressive increase in the tolls.
&c., from all the canals in the Union : —
From September, 1833, to September, 1834 . dol. 1 ,7G5,147
1834 1835 . 1,911,555
1835 1836 . 1,941,930
N. B. It ought to be borne in mind, that upon the failure of the grain crop in
1836, the tolls were much less than they otherwise would have been.
No: 8.
Valuation of property in the State of New York in
1835, ileal Estate . . . dol. 403,517,585
Personal ditto . . . 125,058,794
Non-resident debts ■ . . 3,842,028
1836, Real Estate . . . dol^ 539,756,874
Personal ditto . . . 127,639,486
Non-resident debts . . 4,976,127
dol. 532,418,407
ft
672,372,487
Increase in; 1836 . . . 139,954,080
I have not the valuation for the whole Union.
No. 9.
The vast accumulation of wealth by the cultivation of cotton alone, in the
United States, may be thus shown : —
In the report on " Cotton'' by the secretary of the treasury, December, 1836, it
is stated, that 10 cents per pound for the raw cotton will leave a fair profit to the
planter. By a table in the report it appears that the average price from 1802 to
1835 was 16 cents per pound.
Now the entire quantity exported during that period amounted to
4,825,000.000 lb., which at 6 cents per lb. would be 28,950,000,000 cents, or
289,500,000 dollars, which at 480 Krents to the pound sterling, is equal to
60.312,500/. British money.
This immense sum, be it noted, is the clear gain over and above a fair return
on the outlay of capital, in the culture of this staple article, cotton.
328
AMERICA.-— United States.
[1837-8.
No. 10.
The cultivation of tobacco and grain has likewise rapidly increased in the Union,
and the culture of silk promises to be carried on very extensively, both by indivi-
duals and incorporated companies, who have'from their respective States boimties
and protecting duties for their encouragement. An interesting report on the sub-
ject was submittedjto Congress in January last. The specific gravity of silk of
American growth has been found by an essay made in France to be greater than
that of any other country.
Mines of iron and lead have been opened in many parts of the Union, particu-
larly New York State, which abounds in rich mineral products. Lead is com-
monly found at about 85 per cent. pure.
No. 11.
I have shown in No. 9 the vast accumulation of wealth by one of the native
productions, cotton. I will also show the immense investments in public im-
provenjents by canals and railroads.
The total length of canals made or nearly completed in the United States
from 1817 to the 1st of January, 1835, is estimated at about 3000 miles, at
a cost of ...... dol. 05,000,000
Ditto of railroads, ditto, at about 1,500 miles, at a cost of 30,000,000
95,000,000
and all this money expended during a period when 120,000,000 dol. of national
debt were paid off, and there is now a surplus of 40,000,000 dol. of public
revenue.
'• Enough, we trust, is here disclosed to prove beyond all doubt that the wealth
and resources of the United States have keiit pace with their population, and
that for the last; 18 years the progress of internal improvements has surpassed
the most sanguine expectations of the American patriot, and exceeded that of
any other nation." — Pitkin.
Ai.EXANUER Robertson,
On Board Packet, September, 1837.
• COTTON.
In 1791 the whole export of cotton from the United States was under
200,000 lb. ; and the average annual importation of American cotton into the
United Kingdom, during the last ten years, has exceeded 225,000,000 lb., the
value of which cannot have been less than 7,500,000/. per anniun. In 1836 the
importation was 289,015,692 lb., which, at the average price of the year, pro-
bably produced more than 10,000,000/. sterling.
SHIPPING.
The tonnage of vessels which entered the ports of the United States from fo-
reign countries, in each year from 1831 to 1836, distinguishing American and
British from other shipping, was as follows : —
Years
ending
30th
September.
Centesimal
American.
British.
Other Foreign
Vessels.
Total.
proportion of
British to
American
Tonnage.
1831
922,952
215,887
66,061
1,204,900
23.39
1832
949,622
288,841
104,197
1,342,660
30.41
1833
1,111,441
383,487
113,218
1,608,146
34.50
1834
1,074,670
453,495
114,557
1,642,722
42.19
1835
1,352,653
529,922
111,388
1,993,963
39.18
1836
1,255,384
547,606
132,607
1,935,597
43.62
BUITISH PRODUCTS AND MANUFACTURES.
The shipments of British produce and manufactures, in the year 1836, amount-
ed, according to the value declared by the shippers, to 53,368,57 li., of which
sum America took 12,425,605/,, or 23.28 per cent. The total shipments in 1835
1837-8.] AMERICA.— United States. . 329
amounted to 47,372,270/., of which America took 10,568,455/., or 22.31 per
cent., the difference between the two years heinp, on the total shipments,
5,9!}G,301/., and on the shipniwits to America, l,8r)7,15()/. That amount oi' traf-
fic gives annually to every citizen of the United States articles of British jjrowth
and manufacture to the value of sixteen shillings and ninepence three farthings.
— Stalislical Journal, Oct. 1837.
PAR OF EXCHANGE.
The adjustment of the par of exchange between England and the United
States appears, by the letters of various correspondents, to be a matter on which
information is desired by the public, which is partly owing, however, to the
false system which has been adopted. To render the matter perfectly clear
it may be as well to state the basis of the calculation as it is at pnseut made,
and to point out an easy process by which it might be made perfectly intelligible
to those at all conversant with the subject, by adapting it to the rule by which
the continental exchanges are governed.
By the law and Mint regulations of the United States, the American gold
eagle contained 247| grains of pure gold, and was a legal tender for lOdol.
But by an act of Congress of July, 1S34. the weight of the gold engle was
reduced to 23'2 grains of pure gold, but no alteration having been made in either
the weight or fineness of the silver coins, and the gold eagle, though reduced in
weight, being still a legal tender for lOdol., the relative proportion between
gold and silver in the American coinage was altered, and by the reduction in the
weight of the gold eagle the intrinsic par of exchange between America and
every other country was also altered.
The English gold sovereign, according to Mint regulations, contains 5 dwts.
3 171-G23 grains, or 123 171-023 grains of standard gold, of 22 carats line, and
the American eagle containing, by Mint regulation, 232 grains of pure gold, the
intrinsic value of the sovereign in American gold coin is 4 dol. 87 c, as will appear
irom the following statement : —
1 Sovereign is equal to . . .123 171-623 Grains.
24 Grains standard . . . 22 Grains pure.
322 Grains pure .... 1 Eagle.
1 Eagle 10 Dollars.
Result, 4 dol. 87 c.
The intrinsic par of exchange between England and America is, therefore,
4 (Jot. 87 c. for the pound sterling or sovereign, and it is also for this value of
4 dol. 87 c. that the English sovereign is now current by law in the United
States.
The value of the sovereign being then 4 dol. 87 c., and the fixed value in ex-
change for the dollar being 4s. 6</., the par of exchange between England and
America is 109 23-40 per cent., as will appear from the following statement : —
100 Sovereigns.
1 Sovereign is equal to 4 dol. 87 c.
1 Dollar . . . 4s. 6d.
20 Shillings . . . lA sterling.
Result, 109 23-40.
And therefore the par is 109 23-40 per cent., because 100 sovereigns, both
intrinsically and by law, is of precisely the same value in America as 487 dol.,
and 487 dol. at the exchange of 109 23-40 per cent, will purchase m America a
bill of 100/. on London; or, in other terms, as at the exchange of 109 23-4(f'per
cent, for 100 sovereigns j»aid in America a bill of exchange is obtained for pre-
cisely the same number of 100 sovereigns to be received in England, so it is
evident that this is the par.
The intrinsic par of exchange between England and America being, as has
been seen, 4 dol. 87 c. in American gold money for the English sovereign or
pound sterling, or 487 dol. for 100/. sterling, and which, by computing the dollar
at the fixed exchange of 4s. 6(/., resolves itself into a commercial parof 109 23-40,
or a nominal premium of 9 23-40 per cent., so should it seem that the present
mode of expressing and computing the exchange between England and America
is faulty and improper, seeing that when the exchange is at par it denotes a
premium, when in point of fact no premium exists ; that when the exchange is
above par, it denotes the premium much higher thaait is in reality, and that even
330
AMERICA;-— United States.
[1837-8.
when the exchange is below par it still denotes a considerable premium for bills
on England, when de facto they are at a discount.
To obviate this anomaly, and to produce a plaiti natural state of things, the
true and simple method would be to quote the course of exchange between
England and America at so many dollars and cents per pound sterling.
Seeing, however, that according to the present mode of expression and compu-
tation the true intrinsic par of exchange between England and Ainerica is
109 23-40 per cent., so does it follow that by how much the actual course of
exchange is above this rate, by so much it is above par and in favour of Englaijd,
aud by how much it is below this rate, by so much is it below par and against
England. — Ed.
EXCHANGE. MONEYS, &c.
By the quotations at New York on October 7th, 1837, the exchange on London
for the most approved bills is 115 percent, premium. Sovereigns are valued at
5.12 dollars each; American gold, of the old coinage, 12 per cent, premium;
and of the new coinage, 5J per cent. ; the market value of which in London is
n s. 6d. and 76s. per ounce respectively. Silver pillar dollars 9 per cent., and
American 6J per cent. ; the London market value of which is 4s, 10^'/, and
4s. 9^d. per ounce. Spanish doubloons 16 .80 dollars each, and Mexican 16.50;
their respective value in London being 74s. aud 73s. per ounce. These several
valuations arbitrated in connexion with the commercial par of 4s. 6d., and
allowing for freight, insurance, and interest, will give a result in favour (rf a
remittance in specie of 1.65 per cent, on sovereigns ; 1.34 per cent, on American
gold of the old coinage ; 0.90 per cent, on American gold of the new coinage ;
0.15 per cent, on silver pillar dollars; 1.61 per cent, on Mexican dollars, while
there would be a loss of 0,39 per cent, on Spanish, and 0'. 02 per «ent.' on
Mexican doubloons.— iBr/.
REMITTANCES.
It is a matter well worth knowing by persons who either emigrate to or visit
the United States for purposes of business, that a most safe and unexceptionable
mode of conveying funds thither is to be found in the shape of Kank of England
Post Bills, payable 60 days after sight, and which noay be obtained, for greater
security, drawn in triplicate. The mode was suggested some weeks ago to a
gentleman about to proceed to New York, and whose first intention was to take
sovereigns with him, but this plan of Bank Bills, leaving security out of the
question, was found to possess even superior advantages, and they were eagt;^y
purchased by the merchants of that city, most of whom were in want of- a
suitable and safe remittance to England, and the general remark among them
was, that nothing better could have been found for the purpose. — Ed.
FOREIGN MONEYS,*
As taken at the Custom House in New York.
Antwerp, Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and all the Netherlands, florins
or guilders .......
Augsburg tlorins . .
Batavia rix-doUars ......
Bra«il guilder ......
Banco marks . . . • « •
Barcelona and Catalonia livres . . . .
Brabant florin ......
Bremen dollar ......
Bengal sicca rupee . ... . * .
Bombay sicca rupee . . ... . ,
C'ulcutta rupee .......
China tale ......
Dol. Cents.
0
40
0
48
0
75
0
40
0
33;
0
53i
0
34
0
75
0
50
0
50
0
.50
1
48
* The act of Congress vassetl in June, 18,'?4, enacted tliat the eagle, which had theretofore con-
sisted of 247 grains 5 d^its. of pure gold, should, aftiT the 31st of .luly, 1834, consist of 232
grains of pure gold only, a difference of very nearly 6i per cent., thus changing the relative
proportion of silver to gold coin from 15 of silver for 1 of gold, to 16 of silver for 1 of gold.— £:rf.
1837-8.]
AMERICA.— United States.
331
Foreign Moneys, continued, viz. : —
Cayenne livres
Creveld florins
Crowns of Tuscany
Current marks
Denmark rix-dolLirs
Ducat of Naples
England pound sterling .
France franc
livre . .
Florence livre .
Halifax pound . .
Hamburgh rix-doUar
Indian pagoda
Ireland pound .
J.imaica currency
Leghorn dollar
livre
Louis d'or, or rix-doUar of Bremen
Ounce of Sicily
Portugal milreas . .
Russian rouble, subject to rate of
Spain real ol' plate
rellon
St. Gaul guilders
Sweden rix-doUar
Saxon dollar . .
Swiss livre . •
Scudes of Malta
Turkish piastre (value to be asce
Prussian rix-doUar .
florin
Leipsic florin
exchantie on London
tained by Exchange
3 dollars
on London)
Del.
Cents.
7 to a
lollar.
0
1
•?7 -JO
0
•28
1
0
0
80
4
44
0
m
0
m
6i to a
dollar.
4
0
1
0
1
84
4
44
to the 1
)ound.
0 90^11
i to the dollar.
0
75
2
46
1
24
0
0
!S".
0
5
0
1
. 0
0
5fi
0
27
0
40.
0
0
23
0
48
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.
The measures now in use in the United States of America are precisely
identical with those of the United Kingdom. — Ed.
BAHAMAS.
The Bahama islands, and all places in America southward of the
same, shall be deemed to be in South America for the purposes of this
Act (to regulate the carriage of passengers). 5 and 6 Will. IV., p. 24.
CENTRAL AMERICA,
Office of Committee of Privi/ Council for Trade,
WhitehaU, October 14, 1837.
Sir, — I am directed by the Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for
Trade to acquaint you that a dispatch has been received from Her Majesty's
Consul at San Salvador, stating that a new Custom-house law has been recently
promulgated by the Government of Central America, whereby the discriminating
duty of 5 per cent, imposed in 183-_', and hitherto levied upon goods imported
from the British settlement at Honduras, will be repealed.
The law, however, does not* come into operation until the tariff of prices,
according to which the value of the several objects of importation is to be esti-
mated, shall be completed. 1 am, Sir, your obedient servant,
Dknis i.k Mahcuant.
To the Chairman at Lloyd's.
332 SOUTH AMERICA. [1837-8.
MEXICO.
Principal Ports. — Acapulco, Antonia Lizardo, Alvarado or Albarado,
Campeachy, California (Ports of), Delcarraen (Island), Isla del Carmen,
La>z;oon de Terminos, Mazatlan, Moc-ambo, Refugio, San Bias, San Luis,
Potosi, Tamaulipas, Tampico, Vera Cruz.
RECIPROCITY TREATY.
By O. C, Oct. 15, 1832, it is declared, th.it the United States of Mexico are some of the foreign
powers with which any reciprocity treaties are subsisting.
The Treaty with Mexico is dated Dec. 26, 1826, and is not limited in
point of duration.
As to nature of Reciprocily Law, see p. 44.
Office of Committee of Privy Council for Trade,
Whitehall, April 14, 1834.
Sir, — A representation received from His Majesty's Charge d' Affaires at
Mexico has recently been laid before the Lords of the Committee of Privy
Council for Trade, by which it appears that very serious inconvenience had
occurred in consequence of some shippers of goods from this country having
neglected to conform to the regulations prescribed by the Mexican law of the
31st of March, 1831, whereby, amongst other things, it is required that the
moment a vessel comes to anchor a general manifest of her cargo, and detailed
invoices in triplicate of each consignment, shall be delivered to the Custom-
house authorities ; I am therefore directed by their Lordships to communicate
this circumstance to you, for the information of the gentlemen engaged in the
trade to Mexico, and I am at the same time to request that you will impress
upon them the great importance of a strict observance of the Mexican Custom-
house regulations, as there is reason to believe that those regulations will here-
after be more rigidly enforced than has hitherto been the case.
I have the honour to be. Sir, your obedient servant,
Thomas Lack.
Mr. Alderman Thompson, M.P., Chairman of the
South American and Mexican Association.
British Consulate, Vera Cruz, Feb. 1, 1835.
Notice is hereby given, that in future no documents relating to the survey,
valuation, or sale of damaged goods can be legalized at this office, unless the
undersigned has been previously cited to attend such survey, valuation, or sale.
F. GiFFOUu, ^'^ice-Consul.
Translation of a law of the General Congress of the Mexican Federation,
published in the city of Mexico on the 20th of May, 1835, with the usual
formalities.
Article 1. Vessels having discharged ^heir cargoes at any of the ports of the
south (Pacific) coast of this republic, may proceed to load with dye woods on the
shores of the valley of Banderos, in the state of Jalisco, or the port of Nabu-
chiste, in the state of Linaloa.
2. They must touch at either the port of San Bias, or that of Mazatlan, the
administration of which Custom-houses, upon being satisfied of their having
arrived in ballast, and discharging at any of the first-mentioned ports, will
permit them to proceed.
Foreign Office, June 16/A, 1837.
Extract and Copy of Dispatches, dated .3rd April, 1837, received by Viscount
Palmerston, G.C.B., His Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Foreign
Affairs, from Richard Pakenham, Esq., His Majesty's Minister Plenipoten-
tiary at Mexico. '
(Extract.)
In the new tariff" of duties lately promulgated by the Mexican Government,
provision is made for the fulfilment of the stipulations contained in the 5th ar-
ticle of the treaty with Great Britain, by placing foreign vessels upon the same
footing as Mexican vessels in respect to the payment of tonnage duties.
1837-8.] SOUTH AMERICA. 333
By the 2n(l article of this tariff it is provided that " every forcif^'n vessel ar-
rivins^ in the ports of the Republic, shall pay 12 rials for eacli ton, to whicli
duty even national vessels shall remain subject, without any abatement what-
ever, when they come directly from a foreign port. The anchorage duty con-
tinues abolished for one and the other/'
I have to add that by a law, passed on the 8th of last month, it is declared
that the abatement of <luty now granted on goods imported in national vessels
shall cease within four months, counted from the date of the law; provision
being thus made for the fulfilment of the stipulatidus contained in the Hth article
of the treaty, which will come into effect on the 19th of July next, and by which
it is agreed that the same duties shall be paid on the importation into the terri-
tories of Mexico of any article, the growth, produce, or manuficture of His Ma-
jesty's dominions, whether such importation shall be in Mexican or British
vessels.
(Copy.)
Mexico, April 3r(l, 1 837.
My Lord, — By a decree published in Mexico, on the 7th of last month,
it is enacted that the ports which shall henceforth continue open for foreign
trade are the following : —
In the Gulf of Mexico. — Vera Cruz, Santa de Tamaulipas (Tampico) Mata-
moros, Campeachy, Sisal, and Tabasco.
In the Pacific. — Acapulco and San Bias.
In the Gulf of California. — Guaymas.
In the Sea of Upper California. — Monterey.
The following ports, hitherto open for foreign trade, are by the same decree
declared to be closed, except for the coasting trade : — Bacalar, Goatzacoalcos,
Alvarado, Matagorda, Galveston, Huatulco, Manzanillo, Natividad, Mazatlan,
La Paz, Loreto, San Diego, and Francisco.
But the measure is not to take effect mitil after six months, counted from
the date of the publication of the decree.
I have the honour to be, &c.
R. Pakenham.
To Viscoxmt Palmerston, G.C. B., &c.
Vera Cruz, May 2, 1837.
Government have published a law making this a bonding or warehousing
port. The warehouses for that purpose are to be got ready within six months,
when a day is to be fixed for the Act to come into operation. Goods may be
warehoused, under this law, for the term of one year on payment of l:^ per cent,
storage ; or for less than eight months, for 1 per cent. ; and less than four
months, ^ per cent. At the end of the year they must, however, be entered for
home consumption, re-exportation not being allowed. The term fixed for the
payment of duties does not begin till the goods have been taken from the ware-
house.— Extj-act of a Private Letter.
VENEZUELA.
By letter of the Board of Trade, dated Oct. 26, 1834, notice is given of the
following change which has been made in the import law of that country.
It appears that on the 12th of May last, it was decreed by the Congress, that
the duties on articles of foreign importation should be ascertained by a fixed
tariff, and not by the value, declared on oath by the owner ; and that this new
nile was to come into operation on the 1st of this month, as far as regards any
merchandize brought from places in Europe.
According to statements contained in the dispatch in question, the new mle
is highly approved of at Caraccas by all the respectable merchants, as well
natives as foreigners.
Subjoined is a copy of an article in a decree relative to certificates of origin,
which is given in another dispatch received from the British Consul at Puerto
Cabello.
Article 12. In order to enjoy the equality of duties which is established in the
preceding article, between national vessels and those of such nations as have
entered into treaties, proof shall be required by certificate of the principal of the
customs at the port whence the goods proceed, that those, as well as other effects
imported, are the produce or manufacture of his nation.
334 SOUTH AMERICA. [1837-8.
COMMERCE WITH SPAIN.
The Senate and Chamber of Representatives of the Republic of Venezuela
united in Congress.
Decree.
Art. 1. The Republic of Venezuela admits into its ports the merchant vessels of
the Spanish nation, and offers to the subjects of Spain the same protection and
guarantees as are enjoyed by other nations.
Art. 2. The decree of the 29th of April, 1832, upon commerce with Spain, is
abrogated.
Dated in Caraccas, March 28, 1837.
Ignacio Feknando Pena, President of the Senate.
Francisco Aranda, President of the Chamber of Repre-
sentatives.
Sanctioned.
Carlos Soublette, Vice-President of the Republic, charged
with the Executive Power.
Ramon Yepes, Acting Secretary for Foreign Affairs.
Caraccas, March 30, 1837.
GUATEMALA.
Principal Ports. — Acajutla, Amoa, Cape Gracias a Dios, Conchagua,
Gracias a Dios, Golfo Dulce, La Libertad, La Union, Nicoragua (St.
Juan de), Omoa, Realejo, San Juan del Norte, San Juan del Sur,
Truxillo.
COLOMBIA.
Principal Ports. — Angostura, Atacames, or Tacames, Barcelona, Buen-
naventura, Cartagena, Chagres, Carupano, Coro, Cumana, Esmeraldas,
Guoyana, Guayaquil, Juangriego, La Guayra, Maracaibo, Margarita
(Island of), Pampala, Panama, Puerto Cabello, Porlovedo, Porto Bello,
Rio Haclie, River Orinoco, Savanilla, Santa Marta, Tacames, or Ata-
cames.
RECIPROCITY TREATY.
By O. C, Oct. 15, 1832, it is declaied that the state of Colombia is one of the foreign powers
with which any reciprocity treaties are subsisting.
The Treaty with Colombia is dated April 18, 1825, and is not limited
in point of duration.
As to nature of Reciprocity Law, see p. 44.
Law Assigjiing the Sums which ought to be secured to those who may
Export certain Fruits and Effects of the Country.
Art. 7. For staves and hoops of wood which being imported from the
day when this law is to begin to take effect, shall be re-exported within
the space of a year after the importation, and which may be destined for
carrying molasses or spirits, or for the packing of sugar, the custom-
houses shall return the duty of importation which they may have collected
on the said effects, or shall remit the payment of those which may be due,
and may not yet have been paid.
Art. 8. The exemptions treated of in the foregoing articles shall be
understood for the term of four years, from the publication of this law.
Given at Bogota, May 26, 1835.
BRAZIL.
Principcd Ports. — Aricata, Bahia, or St. Salvador, Ceara, Fermosa,
Maranham, Maceio, Para, Pernarabuco, Paraiba, Pernaiba; Rio Janeiro,
Rio Grande, St. Salvador, or Bahia, St. Sebastian, or Rio Janeiro, St.
Catherine (Island of), Santos.
1837-8.] SOUTH AMERICA. 335
Rio Janeiro, Oct. 11, 1837.
We find some of the Captains coming; here are i«»nnrant of a revolving light
on {'ape Frio, which, if Lloyd's agents have not noticed to the underwriters, you
had at least better accj^uaint your Captains coming here. — Extract of a Private
Letter.
KECIPROCITY TREATY.
By O. C, Oct. 15, 1832, it is declared, that His Majesty llie Emperor of Brazil is one of tlie
foreign powers svith wliicli any reciprocity treaties arc subsisting. See Poetugal, p.'271.
STATES OF THE RIO DE LA PLATA.
Principal Ports. — Buenos Ayres, Colonia, Monte Video, Madonado.
RECIPROCITY TREATY.
By O. C, Oct. 15, 1832, it is declared, that the United Provinces of Rio de la Plata arc some
of the foreign iKJWers with which any reciprocity treaties are subsisting.
The Treaty with these States is dated February 2, 1825, and is not
limite^l in point of duration.
As to nature of Reciprocity Law, see p. 44.
BUENOS AYRES.
MONEYS, &c.
Monte Video, March 15, 1837.
The highest price of doubloons at Buenos Ayres during the week ending -
March 25, 1837. was 124i dollars ; the lowest price, 120 dollars. The highest
rate of exchange upon England during the week, 7 1-1G(/. ; the lowest ditto, 7(1.
— Extract fro'in a Private Letter.
MONTE VIDEO.
NEW TARIFF.
CHAVTER I. IMPORTS.
Art. 1. — Free of duties are — Machines, printing machines, paper and other
utensils for their exclusive and particular use, printed books, geographical inaps,
baches for tanning, ashes, wooden hoops, and staves ; ox, cow, and horse hides
and common salt ; gold and silver, coined or in bullion ; and live animals, for the
encouragement of industry, or improving the breeds of the country.
Art. 2. Iron in bars, sheets, wire, and plates, bronze and steel manufactured,
iron manufactured in general, with the exception of those expressed in the 6th
article, lumber, saltpetre, plaster of Paris, stone coals, hair of rabbits, hares,
beavers, or others for the use of hatters, cordage, tar, rosins, jewels of silver or
gold, and watches, pay 6 per cent.
Art. 3. — Linen, cambrics, silks, and silk goods, laces of linen, silk, gold or
silver, with or without jewels, and fine ribands of gold or silver, pay 10 per cent.
Art. 4. — All articles and goods, whether raw or manufactured, which are not
expressed in the articles of the present law, and ordinary rugs called " bajeras,''
which are used for bags, &c,, pay 19 per cent.
Art. 5. — Sugar, yerbamate, tea, cocoa, cinnamon, coffee, olive oil, spices, drugs,
and provisions in general, lumber in any way manufactured, unfinished hats, and
leaf jobacco, pay 24| per cent.
Aft, 6,^ — Wheat, articles made of flom", as vermicelli, bread and starch; those
of milk, as cheese and butter ; pork and beef in pickle ; trunks and boxes,
although they come filled with goods, finished hats, all articles of tin plate, lamp
oil, iron and brass rings, false jewels, perfumeries, soap; doors, and windows, and
their iron works, gratings for windows and balconies, gridirons, small bars, pick-
■ axes, ploughshares imitating those of the country, all kinds of carriages which
are not for loading, harnesses, saddles, and Spanish saddles (recados), and their
•appurtenances, ready-made clothing, caps and bonnets, and small hats, combs,
feathers, artificial flowers and head ornaments for ladies, shoes, boots, vases, and
chinaware, gilt and cut glass, looking-glasses, liquors, brandy, wine and vinegar,
beer, ale, porter, cider, and manufactured tobacco, pay 31.^ per cent.
Art. 7. — Flour, salt beef, cigars, and playing cards, pay 35 per cent.
Art. 8. — All articles in deposit pay for Custom-house storage at the time when
336 SOUTH AMERICA. [1837-S.
they are despatched one-eighth per cent, per inonth of their value, if they are dry
goods, three rials for each pipe of liquors, three-fourtlis rial for each common
bbl. of flour, three-fourths vial for each 200 lb. of tobacco, yerba, sugar, and otlier
articles of weight, with the excejition of minerals, which pay one- fourth rial per
200 U>, ; boxes of wine, liquors, or any other liquid, whicli contain one dozen of
bottles, pay one rial for every eight boxes. The exlingage is oae-half of what
each package has to pay Custom-house storage each mouth.
Art. 9. — In case of any doubt arising from this regulation for the payment of
storage, being not expressed in the foregoing article, it will be regulated according
to its weight, namely three-fourths rial for '200 lb. June, 1837.
CHILI.
Principal Ports. — Copiopo, Coquimbo, Chacao, Chiloe (Island of),
Huasco, Valparaiso.
His Majesty's Ship Blonde,
Valparaiso, Feb. 29, 183G.
Sir, — I send you the latitude and longitude of an island discovi-reil by the
Danish ship Dania, Matthew Meteen master, on her passage round Cape Horn —
latitude 58 deg. 21 min. 39 sec. south, longitude 80 deg. 20 min. west.
I am, Sir, your obedient Si.'rvant,
Francis Mason, Commodore.
PERU.
Principal Ports. — Ai-ica, Callao, Lima, Payta, Quilca.
DECREES.
A decree issued the 3d of June, 1835, prohibits the introduction of the
following articles into Peru : — ready made clothing, boots and shoes,
saddlery and saddles, gold and silver jewellery, gunpowder, saltpetre,
fire-arms, and swords. The decree to take effect in two months from
Chili, in four from the Brazils and Mexico, in eight from Europe and the
United States.
Another decree, bearing date the 2d of June, 1835, prohibits the im-
portation of all foreign tobacco, except Havannah, and that is to be a
Government monopoly; there is no stated time when this case goes into
effect.
By decree of 31st of May, 1835, Porto Bello and Panama are to be
free ports, for the space of 20 years, to commence when there shall be a
free communication between the two oceans by means of a canal or rail-
road.
Article 1 of the decree provides that no kind of merchandize shall be pro-
hibited.
Art. 2 provides that vessels may enter and clear without molestation from the
revenue officers.
Art. 3 provides that no port or other charges or duties shall be exacted.
Art. 4 abolislies the Government monopolies of tobacco and rum.
Art. 5 abolishes the Custom-houses at Panama, Porto Bello, and Chagres.
Decree of the President of the Peru Bolivian Confederation : —
Article 1. The dutyof 50 per cent, imposed by article 20, paragraph G, df the
Reglamento de Comercw, or tariff, on certain kinds of foreign manufactures, shall
be reduced to 30 per cent., which shall be the maximum of the duties on imports
to be paid in the custom-houses of the confederation.
2. The duties so reduced in terms of the preceding article shall be payable,
one half down on discharging cargo, the other half at the expiration of one month.
3. The importers who may not choose to avail themselves of the concession
sanctioned by article 1 may continue paying the duties upon the present footing,
until the termination of the customary period for notice of alterations in mercan-
tile laws, according to the principle established in article 105 of the commercial
reg/anifuio of the north, and 10'2 of that of the south.
Done in the Protectoral Palace of Lima, the 16th of May, 1837.
Santa Cuuz.
Casimiro Olaneta.
8.37-8.] SOUTH AMERICA.— Peru. 337
Lima, May 2C,, 1837.
Sir, — His Britannic Majesty's Consul in Arica has representfil to the under-
signed, that on the 8th instant the resident merchants of that place received
notice that the duties fixed by articles "24 and 2') of the tariff or commercial code
of South Peru, payable in bonds of every description of national debt, mvist, for
the future, he paid in the dates and terms assigned by article 2G of the said
tariff, in money, in the fourth part of the nominal value of the said bonds, and
with the discount of one per cent, per month.
It appears that the object of this resolution is to obviate the difficulties which
mif^ht occasionally arise from the scarcity of national bonds, and not to infrin^;e
articles 24 and 23 of the taritl', remlerinj^ obligatory those payments in money,
which by the said articles might bo made in bonds of every description of
national debt.
An express declaration to the effect which it is the object of this note to solicit
would, notwithstanding, obviate the inconveniences which British merchants
experience from the uncertainty in which they are with respect to the true
meaning of the resolution referred to.
The imdersigned reiterates to the Secretary-General of the Supreme Protector
the sentiments of high respect, &c.
Belkoud HiNTON Wilson.
To the Secretary-General, &c.
UEPl.Y.
Protectoral Palace, Lima, May 27, 1S37.
Senor Consul-General, — la reply to your esteemed note of the 2Gth inst.,
about the doubts which have been raised in Arica respecting a resolution of the
Government relative to duties established by articles 24 and 2J of the commer-
cial code of Southern Peru, payable in bonds of every description of national
debt, I have the honour of stating to you that, the object of it being to afibrd a
relief to commerce in the case of a scarcity of the said bonds, whicli fref|uently
occurs in that state, it must be clearly understood that traders are at liberty to
choose between the two methods of payment that which may be most suitable
for their interest. And in order that no new doubts may be started, his Excel-
lency has ordered that this declaration be communicated by the next courier to
the custom-houses of the southern state.
C.vsiMiuo Olaneta.
In order to render these communications as clear as without more explicit
documents is possible, it may be right to explain, that by article 24 of the North
Peruvian commercial code, which is said to be analogous to that for South Peru,
of which no copy, so far as is known, exists here, vessels from Europe, Asia, and
North America, which shall have touched at any port in the Pacific other than
of the Peru Bolivian Confederation, are subject to the payment of double duties,
or another duty of equal amount with the one on vessels direct, the whole of
which second duty, however, may be discharged in bonds of the national debt.
By article 25 all produce and articles imported by national vessels (buques
nacionales) direct from the country of production shall pay a fifth part of the
import dues in bonds of the national debt. By article 26, the periods of pay-
ment are regulated : when the amount is below 100 dollars, it is to be paid
down ; if at or above 100 dollars, part in six weeks, and the rest in six months ;
or in one payment three months and a half after the date of entry, at the option
of the importer. Doubts have heretofore been raised about the construction of
article 25, whether by national vessels is meant the vessels of the country
whence proceeding, or vessels '•' national" in the sense of being Peruvian.
Whatever might be the real intent of those by whom the code was drawn up,
there can be little question that by fair construction it must be taken to refer to
vessels national and Peruvian enly. — Ed.
338 SOUTH AMERICA.— Peru. [1837-8
Ti-eaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation, between His Majesty and
the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, together with Two Additional
Articles thereunto annexed. Signed at Lima, June 5, 1837.
IN THE NAME OF THE MOST HOLY TRINITY.
Extensive commercial intercourse having been established, for some
time, between the dominions of His Britannic Majesty and the States
which compose the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, it seems good for the
security, as well as the encouragement, of such commercial intercourse,
and for the maintenance of good understanding between His said
Britannic Majesty and the said Confederation, that the relations now
subsisting between them should be regularly acknowledged, and con-
firmed, by the signature of a treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navi-
gation.
For this purpose, they have named their respective plenipotentiaries,
that is to say : —
. ■ His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, Belford Hinton Wilson, Esq., His Britannic Majesty's Consul-
Gen oral in Peru ;
And His Excellency the Supreme Protector of the States of North
and South Peru, President of the Republic of Bolivia, charged with the
direction of the Foreign Affairs of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation,
Don Lorenzo Bazo, Inspector-General of Finance.
Who, after having communicated to each other their full powers,
found to be in due and proper form, have agreed upon and concluded the
following articles : —
Article I.
Amity. — There shall be perpetual amity between the dominions and
subjects of His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, his heirs and successors, and the Peru-Bolivian
Confederation, and its citizens.
Article II.
Heciprocity. —^Theve shall be, between all the territories of His Bri-
tannic Majesty in Europe, and the. territories of the Peru-Bolivian
Confederation, a reciprocal freedom of commerce. The subjects and
citizens of the two countries, respectively, shall have liberty freely and
securely to come with their ships and cargoes, to all places, ports, and
rivers in the territories aforesaid, to which other foreigners are or may be
permitted to come, to enter into the same, and to remain and reside in
any part of the said territories respectively ; also to hire and occupy
houses and warehouses for the purpose of their commerce ; and, gene-
rally, the merchants and traders of each nation, respectively, shall enjoy
the most complete protection and security for their commerce ; subject
always to the laws and statutes of the two countries, respectively.
In like manner, the respective ships of war and post-office packets of
the. two countries shall have liberty freely and securely to come to all
harbours, rivers, and places, to which other foreign ships of war and
packets are or may be permitted to come, to enter into the same, to
anchor, and to remain tliere and refit ; subject always to the laws and
statutes of the two countries respectively.
By the right of entering the places, ports, and rivers mentioned in this
article, the privilege of carrying on the coasting trade is not understood,
in which national vessels only are permitted to engage.
Article III.
Europe. — His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland engages further, that the inhabitants of the Peru-
1837-8.] SOUTH AMERICA.— Peru. 339
Bolivian Confederation shall have the like liberty of commerce and
navigation stipulated for in the preceding- article, in all his dominions
situated out of Europe, to the full extent in which the same is permitted
at present, or shall be permitted hereafter, to any other nation.
Article IV.
Duties.— lio higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importa-
tion into the dominions of His Britannic Majesty of any article of the
growth, produce, or manufacture of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, and
no higher or other duties shall be imposed on the importation into the
territories of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation of any articles of the
growth, produce, or manufacture of His Britannic Majesty's dominions,
than are or shall he payable on the like articles, being the growth, pro-
duce, or manufacture of any other foreign country ; nor shall any olho
or higher duties or charges be imposed in the territories or dominions of-
cither of the contracting parties, on the exportation of any articles to the
territories or dominions of the other, than such as are or may be payable
on the exportation of the like articles to any other foreign country ; nov
shall any prohibition be imposed upon the exportation or impoi-tation
of any article, the grow'th, produce, or manufacture of His Britannic
Majesty's dominions, or of the said territories of the Peru-Bolivian Con-
federation, to or from the said dominions of His Britannic Majesty, or to
or from the said territories of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, which
shall not equally extend to all other nations.
Article V*.
Port Charges. — No higher or other duties or charges on account of-
tonnage, light or harbour-dues, pilotage, salvage in case of damage or
shipwreck, or any other local charges, shall be imposed, in any of the
ports of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, on British vessels, than those
payable, in the same ports, by Peru-Bolivian vessels ; nor in the ports of
His Britannic Majesty's territories, on Peru-Bolivian vessels, than shall
be payable in the same ports on British vessels.
Article VI*.
Import and Eocport in Vessels of either Country. — The same duties
shall be paid on the importation into the territories of the Peru-Bolivian
Confederation of any article the growth, produce, or manufacture of His
Britannic Majesty's dominions, whether such importation shall be in
Peru-Bolivian or in British vessels ; and the same duties shall be paid on
the importation into the dominions of His Britannic Majesty of any
article the growth, produce, or manufacture of the territories of the Peru-
Bolivian Confederation, whether such importation shall be in British or in
Peru-Bolivian vessels. The same duties shall be paid, and the same
bounties and drawbacks allowed, on the exportation to the ports of the
Peru-Bolivian Confederation of any articles of the growth, produce, or
manufacture of His Britannic Majesty's dominions, whether such expor-
tation shall be in Peru-Bolivian or British vessels ; and the same duties
• shall be paid, and the same bounties and drawbacks allowed, on the
exportation of any articles the growth, produce, or manufacture of the
Peru-Bolivian Confederation, to His Britannic Majesty's dominions,
whether such exportation shall be in British or in Peru-Bolivian
vessels.
Article VII*.
Built of Vessels. — In order to avoid any misunderstanding with
respect to the regulations which may respectively constitute a IJritish
or Peru-Bolivian vessel, it is hereby agreed that no ship shall be
• See p. 343.
z 2
340 SOUTH AMERICA.— Peru. [183r-8.
admitted to bo a ship of either countrj", unless she shall be of the built of
such country, or have been made prize of war to such country, and con-
demned as such ; or have been forfeited to such country under any law
of the same made for the prevention of the Slave Trade, and con-
demned in any competent Court as forfeiture for a breach of such law ;
nor unless she be navigated by a master who is a subject of such country,
and by a crew, of whom three-fourths, at least, are subjects of such
country ; nor unless she be wholly owned by subjects of such country,
usually residintj therein, or under the dominion thereof; excepting where
the laws provide for any extreme cases.
Register, Passport, ^-c. — And it is further agreed, that no ship, ad-
mitted to be a ship of either country, shall be qualified to trade as above
described, under the provisions of this treaty, unless furnished with a re-
gister, passport, or sea-letter, under the signature of the proper person
authorized to grant the same, according to the laws of the respective
countries, (the form of which shall be communicated,) certifying the
name, occupation, and residence of the owner or owners, in the dominions
of His Britannic Majesty, or in the territories of the Peru-Bolivian Con-
federation, as the case may be ; and that he, or they, is, or are, the sole
owner or owners, in the proportion to be specified ; together with the-
name, burthen, and description of the vessel, as to built and measure-
ment, and the several particulars constituting the national character of
the vessel, as the case may be.
Article VIII.
Individual Affairs, Brokers, ^c. — All merchants, commanders of ships,
and others, the subjects of His Britannic Majesty, shall have full liberty,
in all the territories of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, to manage their
own affairs themselves, or to commit them to the management of whom-
soever they please, as broker, factor, agent, or interpreter ; nor shall they
be obliged to employ any other persons for those purposes than those em-
ployed by Peru-Bolivians, nor to pay them any other salary or remune-
ration than such as is paid, in like cases, by Peru-Bolivian citizens ; and
absolute freedom shall be allowed, in all cases, to the buyer and seller,
to bargain and fix the price of any goods, wares, or merchandise, im-
ported into, or exported from, the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, as they
shall see good, observing the laws and established customs of the country.
The same privileges shall be enjoyed in the dominions of His Britannic
Majesty, by the citizens of the Peru -Bolivian Confederation, under the
game conditions.
Protection. — The citizens and subjects of the contracting parties, in
the territories of each other, shall receive and enjoy full and perfect pro-
tection for their persons and property, and shall have free and open ac-
cess to the courts of justice in the said countries, respectively, for the
prosecution and defence of their just rights ; and they shall be at liberty
to employ, in all causes, the advocates, attorneys, or agents, of whatever
description, whom they may think proper ; and they shall enjoy, in this
respect, the same rights and privileges therein as native citizens.
Article IX.
Privileges as Native Subjects. — In whatever relates to the police of
the ports, the lading and unlading of ships, the safety of merchandise,
goods, and effects, the succession to personal estates by will or otherwise,
and the disposal of personal property of every sort and denomination, by
sale, donation, exchange, or testament, or in any other manner whatsoever,
as also the administration of justice, the subjects and citizens of the two
contracting parties shall enjoy, in their respective dominions and territo-
ries, the same privileges, liberties, and rights, as native subjects ; and
shall not be charged, in any of these respects, with any higher imposts
1837-8.] SOUTH AMERICA.- Peru. 341
or duties than tlio^c which are paid, or may he paid, hy the native sub-
jects or citizens of the power in whose dominions or territories they may
he resident : subject, of course, to the local laws and regulations ol' such
dominions or territories.
Persons dying Intestate. — In the event of any subject or citizen of
cither of the two contracting parties dyin<^ without will or testament, in
the dominions or territories of the said contracting parties, the Consul
General or Consul of the said nation, or, in his a])«ence, his representa-
tive, shall have the right to nominate curators, to take charge of the pro-
perty of the deceased, so far as the laws of each country will permit, for
the benefit of his lawful heirs and creditors, without interference, giving
convenient notice thereof to the authorities of the country.
Article X.
Military Servicr, Taxes, <^c.— The subjects of His Britannic Majesty
residing in the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, and the natives and
citizens of the Confederation residing in the dominions of His Britannic
Majesty, shall be exempted from all compulsory military service whatso-
ever, whether by sea or land ; and from all forced loans, or military exac-
tions or requisitions ; neither shall they be compelled, under any pretext
whatsoever, to pay any other ordinary charges, requisitions, or taxes,
greater than those that arc paid by native subjects or citizens of the ter-
ritories of the contracting parties, respectively.
Article XI.
Consuls, t^r. — It shall be free for each of the two contracting parties to
appoint consuls for the prolectionof trade, to reside in the dominions and
territories of the other party ; but before any consul shall act as such, he
shall, in the usual form, be approved and admitted by the Government
to which he is sent ; and either of the contracting parties may except
from i.the residence of consuls such particular places as either of them
may judge fit to be excepted. The diplomatic agents and consuls of the
Peru-Bolivian Confederation shall enjoy, in the dominions of His Bri-
tannic Majesty, whatever privileges, exceptions, and immunities, are or
shall be granted to agents of the same rank belonging to the most fa-
voured nation ; and, in like manner, the diplomatic agents" and consuls
of His Britannic Majesty in the territories of the Peru-Bolivian Confede-
ration shall enjoy, according to the strictest reciprocity, whatever privi-
leges, exceptions, and immunities, are or may be granted to the diplo-
matic agents and consuls of the most favoured nation in the territories of
the Peru-Bolivian Confederation.
Article XII.
Interruption of Friendly Intercourse. — For the better security of com-
merce between the subjects of His Britannic Majesty and the'citizens of
the Peru- Bolivian Confederation, it is agreed that if, at any time, any in-
terruption of friendly intercourse or any rupture should unfortunately
take place between the two contracting parties, the subjects or citizens of
either of the two contracting parties residing upon the coasts shall be
allowed six months, and those residing in the interior a M'hole year, to
wind up their accounts, and dispose of their property ; and a safe-conduct
shall be given them to embark at the port which they shall themselves
select. AH such subjects or citizens of either of the two contracting par-
ties who are established in the dominions or territories of the other, in
the exercise of any trade or special employment, shall have the privilege
of remaining and continuing such trade and employment therein, with-
out any manner of interruption, in full enjoyment of their^iberty and pro-
perty, as long as they behave peaceably, and commit no oflence against
the laws ; and their goods and effects, of whatever description they may
be, whether in their own custody, or intrusted to individuals or to the
342 SOUTH AMERICA.— Peru. [1837-8.
state, shall not be liable to seizure or sequestration, or to any other
charges or demands than those which may be made upon the like effects
or property belonging to the native subjects or citizens of the dominions
or territories in which such subjects or citizens may reside. In the same
case, debts between individuals, public funds, and the shares of compa-
nies, shall never be confiscated, 'sequestered, or detained.
Article XII.
Prohibition of Government, Religio?i, ^c. — The subjects of His Bri-
tannic Majesty, and the citizens of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation,
respectively, shall enjoy in their houses, persons, and properties, the
protection of the Government ; and continue in possession of the privi-
leges which they now enjoy. And the subjects of His Britannic Majesty
residing in the territories of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, shall
furthermore enjoy the most perfect and entire security of conscience,
without being annoyed, prevented, or disturbed on account of their re-
ligious belief. Neither shall they be annoyed, molested, or disturbed
in the proper exercise of their religion, provided that this take place in
private houses, and with the decorum due to divine worship, with due
respect to the laws, usages, and ciistoms of the country. In the like
manner, the citizens of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation shall enjoy,
within all the dominions of His Britannic Majesty, a perfect and un-
restrained liberty of conscience, and of exercising their religion publicly
or privately, within their own dwelling-houses, or in the chapels and
places of worship appointed for that purpose, agreeably to the system of
toleration established in the dominions of his said Majesty. Liberty
shall also be granted to bury the subjects or citizens of either of the two
contracting parties, who may die in the dominions or territories of the
other, in burial places of their own, which, in the same manner, they
may freely establish and maintain ; nor shall the funerals or sepulchres
of the dead be disturbed in any way, or upon any account.
Article XIV.
The Slave Trade.— The Government of the Peru-Bolivian Confedera-
tion engages to co-operate with His Britannic Majesty for the total abo-
lition of the Slave Trade, and to prohibit all persons inhabiting within
the territories of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, or subject to their
jurisdiction, in the most effectual manner, and by the most solemn laws,
from taking any share in such trade.
Article XV.
Fresh Articles. — The two contracting parties reserve to themselves the
right of treating and of agreeing hereafter, from time to time, upon such
other Articles as may appear to them to contribute still further to the
improvement of their mutual intercourse, and to the advancement of the
general interests of their respective subjects and citizens; and such
Articles as may be so agreed upon shall, when duly ratified, be regarded
as forming a part of the present treaty, and shall have the same force as
those now contained in it.
Article XVI.
Rixtification. — The present treaty shall be ratified, and the ratifications
shall be exchanged at London or at Lima, within, the space of twenty
months, or sooner if possible. • •
In witness whereof^ the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the
same, and have affixed thereto their respective seals.
Done at Lima, this fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred ahd thirty-seven. , .
Belford Hinton Wilson.
T ORENzo Bazo
183;-8.] SOUTH AMERICA.— Peru. 343
ADDITIONAL ARTICLES.
Article I.
Ships Property of Citizens of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation. —
Whereas, in the present state of Peru-Bolivian shipping, it would not
be possible for the said Confederation to receive the full advantage of the
reciprocity established by the Articles V, VI, and VII, of the treaty
signed this day, if that part of the Vllth Article which stipulates that,
in order to be considered as a Peru-Bolivian ship, .a ship shall actually
have been built in the Poru-Bolivian Confederation, should be strictly
and literally observed, and immediately brought into operation ; it is
agreed that, for the space oi fifteen years, to be reckoned from the date
of the exchange of the ratifications of this treaty, any ships, wheresoever
built, being bond fide the property of, and wholly owned by, one or
more citizens of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, and whereof the
masters and three-fourths of the mariners, at least, are also natural-born
citizens of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, or persons domiciliated in
the Peru-Bolivian Confederation by act of the Government, as lawful
subjects of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, to be certified according to
the laws of that country, shall be considered as Peru-Bolivian ships ;
His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ire-
land reserving to himself the right, at the end of the said terra of fifteen
years, to claim the principle of reciprocal restriction stipulated for in the
Article VII. above referred to, if the interests of British navigation
shall be found to be prejudiced by the present exception to that recipro'-
city, in favour of Peru-Bolivian shipping.
Article II.
Ships and Goods of either Country on footing of most favoured Na-
tions.— It is further agreed that, for the like term of fifteen years, the
stipulations contained in the Articles V. and VI. of the present treaty
shall be suspended: and, in lieu thereof, it is hereby agreed, that until
the expiration of the said term of fifteen years, British ships entering
into the ports of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation, from the United King-
dom of Great Britain and Ireland, or any other of His Britannic Majesty's
dominions, and all articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of the
United Kingdom, or of any of the said dominions, imported in such ships,
shall pay no other or higher duties than are or may hereafter be payable,
in the said ports, by the ships, and the like goods, the growth,- produce,
or manufacture of the most favoured nation ; and, reciprocally, it is
agreed that Peru-Bolivian ships entering into the ports of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, or any other of His Britannic
Majesty's dominions, from any port of the Peru-Bolivian Confederation,
and all articles, the growth, produce, or manufacture of the said Confe-
deration, imported in such ships, shall pay no other or higher duties than
are Or may hereafter be payable, in the said ports, by the ships and the
like goods, t he growth, produce, or manufacture of the most favoured
nation ; and that no higher duties shall be paid, or bounties or draw-
backs allowed, on the exportation of any article, the growth, produce,
or manufacture of the dominions of either country, in the ships of the
other, than upon the exportation of the like articles in the ships of any
other foreign country.
It being understood that, at the end of the said term of fifteen years,
the stipulations of the said Vth and Vlth Articles shall, from thencefor-
ward, be in full force between the two countries.
The present Additional Articles shall have the same force and validity
as if they were inserted, word for word, in the treaty signed this day.
They shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at the
same time.
344 SOUTH AMERICA.: [1837-8.
In witness whereof, the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the
Scinie, and have athxed thereto their respective seals.
Done at Lima, this fifth day of June, in the year of our Lord one
thousand eight hundred and thirty-seven.
Belford Hinton Wilson.
Lorenzo Bazo. .
tonnage dues.
Office of Committee of Privy Council for Trade,
Whitehall, December 4, 1837.
Sir, — I am directed by the Lords of the Committee of Privy Council for
Trade to acquaint you, for the information of the gentlemen engaged in the South
American trade, that Her Majesty's Consul-General at Lima has communicated
to the Government a decree of the Republic of North and South Peru, dated
July 1, 1837, by which it is directed that every foreign vessel shall pay tonnage
dues only in the first port of each state of the Confederation in which she shall
discharge or receive cargo ; and if she shall afterwards proceed to another port or
ports of the same state to load or discharge, she shall only pay 10 dol. or 21. (ex-
change 48(/. per dol.) anchorage, police of the port, muster-roll, health visit, and
captaincy of the port, and not the tonnage dues. Vessels comprehended in
articles 30 and 31 of the commercial codes of the satest of North and South
Peru shall continue to be exempted from the payment of tonnage dues, substi-
tuting the latter article of the code of the Northern State for the same article of
that of the Southern State, The person charged v/ith the recovery of the ton-
nage due shall give the captain a certificate of the payment made in virtue of
this decree, and the presentation of this document shall be the only one required
to exempt him from the payment of the said duty in all ports of the same state
where he may afterwards anchor.
I am, Sir, your obedient Servant,
Dknis le Marchant.
To the Chairman at Lloj'd's, &c.
TEXAS.
TARIFF.
By an act to raise a revenue hy import duties, which was put into ope-
ration on 1st June, 1837, it is enacted that there shall be levied upon all
articles which may he imported into the republic the following duties,
viz. : —
Upon all wines and spirituous and malt liquors an ad valorem duty upon
invoice cost of 45 per cent. Upon all silk goods, and all manufactures of every
description made of silk, an ad valorem duty of 50 per cent. Upon all sugar and
coffee 2i per cent. Upon teas 25 per cent. Upon broad stuffs 1 per cent.
Upon iron and castings 10 per cent. Upon all coarse clothing, coarse shirtings,
coarse shoes and brogans, blankets, kerseys, satinetts, and cloths formed of a
mixture of cotton and wool, 10 per cent. Upon all other goods, not specially
enumerated, an ad valorem duty of 25 per cent, upon the invoice cost.
That there shall be collected upon all vessels of the btuden of ten tons and up-
wards, arriving in any pcvit of Texas from a foreign port, the sum of 25 cents per
ton.
JUAN FERNANDEZ.
This celebrated island has l)ecome the object of a singular enterprise of an
American citizen, who has taken it on a lease for a considerable term of years
from the Chilian Government. The island formerly served as a place of exile
for criminals condemned to transportation, but the expenses of the establishment
and the increasing number of prisoners determined the Government to abandon
it. The present possessor is about to emigrate thither himself, carrying with
him 100 or 200 families from the Sandwich Islands, with the intention of culti-
vating it and of rearing cattle, and he will himself exercise an absolute and
1837-8.1 SOUTH AMERICA. 345
exclusive control over the administration of the island. His projects, are, how-
tVLT, said to be more extensive than the mere cukinization for the sake of cultiva-
tion, and that he has the intention of improving the principal harbour and of
laying down buoys for the safety and advantage uf w halers in the Pacific, whom
he proposes to attract thither by the superior accommodations he will provide
for them. In his stores they are to find an assortment of every kind of pro-
visions ; he will discoimt their bills of exchange at the current rates of interest ;
and he proposes to furnish them also, without charge, with tow-boats to facili-
tate their entrance and sailing. There will be no port charges, and what is of
more importance, they will be jnotecled against those desertions among the crew
which occur so Irequently when putting into ports on the continent or larger
islands, where the facilities of escape and concealment are greater and cannot be
so well guarded against. By a system of police, rendered easy and practicable
from the small extent of the island, the American possessor of this petty state
l)roposes to make it the interest of captains of whalers to put in there to refresh
and retit. The island, it is said, in the mountainous parts, abounds with sandal
and other valuable woods, and the interior is remarkable for the beauty of the
coimtry and the salubrity of the air. From the perseverance and enterprise of
the party who has obtained possession, it is considered that this extraordinary
jiroject has some chance of success, and that it may prove of advantage to the
proprietors and masters of vessels engaged in the South Sea whale fishery. — Ed.
FALKLAND ISLANDS.
Uy O. P., June 29, 1836, the Falkland Islands are staled to be Biitish ground.
346
PART THE THIRTEENTH.
DAVIS'S STRAITS FISHERY.
The following is an extract of a letter from the agent to Lloyd's at
Peterhead, dated Oct. 1 4, 1 837 :—
The Traveller, from Davis's Straits, with three fish, arrived here to-ilay,
briiii^ini^ the disastrous account contained in the annexed list. The Traveller
left the ice on the '21st ult., and reports some of the vessels having left at or about
the same time.
The Hecla,o{ Kirkaldy, is the only well-fished ship. The master made a dash
through the ice between two floes, at great hazard, and made his fishing. None
of the other vessels got through for a considerable time.
Hull. — The Cornel and Harmony, clear on the 21st of September.
Whitby. — The Camden, clear on the 21st of September.
Newcastle. — The Ladi/ Ja?ie, clear on the 21 st of September; and the Lord
Gambier, seven fish, clear on the 21st of September.
Burnt Island.— The Undaimted, three fish, clear on the 21st of September.
Kirkaldy. — The Caledonia, three fish ; the Chieftain, two ; the Earl Percy,
clean; the Hecla, 23 fish ; the Regalia, two ; all clear on the 21st of September.
Leith. — The Clarendon, five fish; and the fVilliam and Ann, two; clear on the
1st of August.
Boness. — ^The Alfred, clear on the 21st of September.
Aberdeen. — The Bon Accord, four fish ; the Neptune, two fish ; clear on the
21st of September.
Dundee. — The Alexander, three fish ; the Dorothy, three ; the Ebor, one ; the
Friendship, one ; the Horn, four ; the Heroine^ two ; and the Princess Charlotte,
one ; all clear on the 21st of September.
Montrose. — The Monarch, one fish, clear on the 21st of September.
Peterhead. — The Eleanor, clean ; the Joseph Greeti, three fish ; the Perse-
verance, two; the Resolution, one; the Superior, clean; clear on the 21st of
September.
The William and Ann, the last of the whaling vessels that have been out this
season, arrived in Leith-roads on the 21st October, 1837. After capturing two
fish, the William and Ann encountered a severe gale about the 20th of August,
which drove her as far northward as Boothia Sound, iu latitude 77^, where no
vessel, or at least no whaling vessel, had been before.
INDEX.
I. signifies Imports. — E. Exports. — C. Coastwise.
To avoid as much as possible a multiplicity of Rkkerences, each Ai'ticle is ranged
under its yeweWc term; such as Bees' Wax, under Wax — Brandy under Spirits
Wheat under Coxa — Deals under Wood.
A.
Aai.uoug, 245
Aarhus, 245
Aasgaardstrand, 242
Abandonment of warehoused goods, 45
Abatement of duties for damaged goods,
38
Abbeville. 2,>i)
Abbreviations, xi
Abenrade, 245
Abeixleen, 214, 215
Abo, 234
Acajntla, 334
Acapulco, 332
Accident, warehoused goods lost or de-
stroyed by, 207
Accounts of warehoused goods on removal
from port to port, 209
— of all other sorts are given under the
names of the articles or places to
which they respectively appertain.
Accounts of Imports, Exports, Duties,
Vessels, &c., xxviii
Accoutrements, military, E. 1G9
Acid, acetous, I. 142
— boracic, I. 54
— tartaric, 134
Acorns, I. 109
Acra, 306
Actseon, Island, 292
Acummersiel,259
Address, Prefatory, iii
Adelaide, 293
Aden, 278
Admeasurement of Ships. 1 1
Adra, 268
Advertisements, vii
Akiuca, in general, 303
— trade with Europe, 2
Asia, 2
America, 2
— whence, and in what ships, goods of
/inay be imported and exported, 2
■*— how trade of British possessions may
be regulated by order in council, 232
Agates, I. 46
Agents, 42, 223
Agents, Army, xliii
Navy, xl
Marine, xli
Parliamentary, xlii
Recruiting, xUi
Aggurhuys, 242
Agricultural Produce, setting fire to, 14
Aguilas, 268
Ahuys, 240
Aland, 234
Albarado, 332
Alckmaer, 25 1
Alderney, 3—5, 230
Ale, I. 53, E. 161
Alexandretta, "234
Alexandria, Africa, 304
Alexandria, America, 325
Algesiras, 268
Algiers, 304
Algoa Bay, 30G
Ahcant, 268
Alicuta, 276
Aliens, 221
Alkali, I. 46
xllkanet root, I. 46
AUepee, 278
Allowances on warehoused goods, 212
Allowance to poor persons confined, 36
Almeria, 268
Almond paste, I. 17
Almonds, I. 47
Aloes, I. 47
Altea, 268
Attenbrauch, 259
Altona, 245
Alum, 1. 47
Alvarado, 332
Amber, I. 47
Ambergris, I. 47
Amboyna, 280
Amelia Island, 325
Ameuica, 2, 280, 282, 309, 325
Amethysts, 83
Amherst, 280
Ammunition, I. 48, E. 161
Amoaa, 334
Amrumoe, 245
Amsterdam, 251
420
INDEX.
Amsterdam, New, 315
Anamabue, 306
Anchor stocks, I. 146
Anchoveys, 1. 47
Anclain, '244
Ancona, 274
Andro, 277
Angas Inlet, 293
Angelica, I. 48
Angola, 306
Angostura, 334
Angra, 273
Anguilla. 315
Anhalt. 245
Animals, Casts of, 129
Annajjolis, 325
Annohon, 306
Annotto, or rocou, I. 48
Anotto Bay, 315
Antibes, 264
Antigua, 311
Antimony. I. 48
Antonio Lizardo, 332
Antonio, W.I, 315
Antwerp, 251
Anvils, E. 173
Aj)ollonia, Cape 306
Apothecary, 25
Appingdam, 251
Apples, I. 48
Appointments, military, E. 169
Apprentices, 20
Aquafortis, I, 48
Arabia, 278
Aracan, 280
Arbroath, 214, 215
Archangel, 234
Archelia, I. 99
Arendahl, 242
Arensberg, 234
Arens de Mar, 268
Argentierra, 277
Argol, I. 48
Arica, 336
Aricata, 334
Arischat, 31 1
Aristolochia, I. 48
Armed Persons Smuggling, 35
Arms, I. 48, E. 161
Army Agents, xliii
Arracan, 278
Arrow root, I. 48
Arsenic, I, 49
Articles imported in parts, incomplete, 45
— warehousing, 204
Artificial flowers, I. 75
Artillery, E. 173
Anmdel, 214
Asal'oetida, I. 78
Aschendorf, 259
Ashes, pearl and pot, I. 49, E. 161
Asia, kingdoms and ports of, 278
— whence and in v;hat ships goods of
may be imported into, and exported
from, the United Kingdom, 2
Asia trade with Europe, 2
— with Africa, 2
— with America, 2
Aspbaltum, I. 49
Asses, I. 49
Assens, 245
Assignment of ships, 7, 11
Atacames, 334
Attar of Roses, I. 99
Auray, 259
Aurungabunder, 279
Australia, 292
Authorities, ix
Austria, 255, 275
Aveiro, 271
Ava, King of, 279
Azores, 273
B.
Bab-el-Mandel, 307
Bacalar, 333
Bacon, I. 49
Baggage, passengers" inwards, 50
— ships with, deemed in ballast, 158
— on export, l.')8
Bahamas, 27, 311,333
Bahia, 334
Bahreen, 278
Balks, I. 146
Ballaft, ships clearing in, 158
Balls, washing, 143
Balm of Gilead, I. 51
Balsam, I. 50
Baltimore, 325
Bamian, 284
Banda, 280
Baiidannoes. See Silk.
Bandstring twist, I. 51
Banka, 280
Banks and Bankers in London, xlii
Bankok, 280
Bankrupt,ll'
Barbadocs, 311
Barbary. 304
Barcelona, Spain, 2G8
Colombia, 334
Barfleur, 259
Barilla, 2, 51
Bark, 2, 5 1
Barley and barley meal. See Corn,
— pearl. 163
Barletta, 276
Barnstaple, 214
Barwood, I, 52
Barth, 244
Basket rods, I. 52
Baskets, I. 52
Basra, 278
Basseterre, 315, 322
Bastia, 259
Bast, I. 52
Biist or straw hats or bonnets I. 79
— platting, I. 102
Batavia. 280, 2b2
INDEX.
421
Batchian, 280
Battens aixl batten ends, I. 147
Bayonue, '259
Bay of Honduras, 4, 311, 324
Beacons, 178. See the names of the
several places.
Beads, I. 52. E. 1G(5
Beans, 1, 2, fvi
Beaufort, 323
Beauvoir, 2J9
Bedique, 31 1
Beds, feathers for, I. 73
— of wool, K. 175
— for tools, 173
Beef, I. 52. E. 161
Beef wood, I, 52
Beer, I. 53. E. IGl. See Corn.
Beetlefackle, 278
Beiraut, 234
Belfast, 135, 214
Belgium, 248, 251,237
Belize, 324
Beucoolen, 280
Benicarlo, 268
Benjamin, I. 53
Benzoin, I. 53
Berbice, 311
Bergen, 242
Bermuda, 311, .323
Berries, I. 53
Beveland, 2»1
Bide ford, 214
Bigg. See Corn.
Bilboa, 268
Billeton, 280
Bills of store, 41. See Goods,
— of exchange, 203
Bimlepatam, 273
Bintand, 280
Birds, I. 53
Birman Empire, 279
Births, Registration of, 19
Biscuit. See Coin.
Bitumen Judaicum, I. 53
Bjorneburg, 234
Blacking, I. 53
Black Sea, 240
Black River, Jamaica, 315
Bladders, I. 53
Blakely, 325
Blanes, 208
Blaukenese, 245
Blocks, E. 173
Blubber. See Oil,
Blumenthal, 259
Boards, 1. 148
— mill, I, 91, E. 165
— pasteboards, I. 100. E. 165
— scaleboards, I. 109, E. 165, 195
Boats. See Ships.
Bocca Tigris, 280
Bogense, "245
Bokhara, 2S5
Bombay, 278, 286
Bonavista, 307
Bonds, warehousing, 204, 213
The regulations concerning other
bonds will \)e found niuler the
n.imes of the several articles or
places to which they relate.
Bonding system. See Warehousing.
Bones, 1. 53
Bonksiel, 215
lionnets, 79. See Silk.
Bonny, 304, 306
Books, 1. 53
Hooks quoted, xlviii
Booth, Sir Felix, distiller, 126
Boots, 1. 53
Boracic acid, I. 54
Borax, or tincal, I. 5 4
Bordeaux, 259
Borgo, 234
Borneo, 280
Bornholm, 245, 246
Borregarol, 242
Boirestatl, 242
Borrico, '280
Borrowstoness, 214
Borselyn, 251
Boston, England, 214
— America, 325
Bottle tickets, E. 165
Bottling oil' rum or wine in wareliouse.
See Spirits and Wine.
Bottles, earth or stone, I. 55
— glass, I. 55. E. 163.
Boulogne, 259, 268.
Bounties on goods in general. See
Goods and Duties,
Bourbon, 307
Bouro, 280
Bowsprits, I. 152
Boxes, I. 55. E. 1G6
Boxwood, I. 55
Boys, apprentice, 20
Biahastadt, 234
Brake, 259
Bran. See Corn.
Brandy. See Spirits.
Brass, I. 55
Bravo, 307
Brazil, 334
— wood, 55
Braziletto wood, I. 55
Bredstedt, 245
Bremen, 256
Bremerlehe, 259
Bremervoorde, 259
Brensurseil, 259
Brest, 259
Brevig, 242
Bricks, 1. 55, E. 162
Bridge Town, 315,322
Bridgewater, 214
Bridle Stands or Frames, IC I6G
Briel, 251
Brigs. See Ships.
Brimstone, 2, 55
Brjudisi, 276
422
INDEX.
Bristles. I, 56
Bristol, 135, 139, 191, 214, 287
British possessions. See Possessions.
— masters of the ships, who are qua-
lified to he such, 4
British Northern Colonies, 309
Brocade of j^old or silver, I. 56
Brokers, 223
Bronze, I. 56
Brooches, E. 166
Brouwershoven, 251
Bruges, 251
Brunsbuttel, 245 .
Brunswick. New, 3, 311
Brussels, 251
Buckles, E. 166, 173
Buenaventura, 334
Buenos Ayres, 335
Bugles, I. 56
Bulk. See Goods and Warehousing.
Bullion, 2, 56. E. 162, 165
— price of, xxv
— spangles, E. 165
Bulrushes, I. 56
Bungsill, 245
Buoys, 178
Burg, 245
Burrs for mill stones, I. 127
Burmese Territory, 279
Bushire, 278
Busum, 245
Bussorah, 278
Busts, casts of, I. 59, 129
Butter, I, 57
Buttons, I. 57. E. 165
Button board, E. 165, 195
Buxtehude, 259
C.
Cabinets, silver, E. 166
Cables, I, 57
Caboon, 306
Cabul, 283
Cachaa, 280
Cadiz, 268
Caen, 259
Cagliari, 274
Cakes, linseed, I. 87
— rape, 1. 106
Calabar, 304, 30G
Calais, 259
Calaminaris, Lapis, I. 84
Calashes, I. 54
Calcutta, 278, 286
California, 332
Callao. 336
Calmar, 240
Camaret, 259
Cainaroon, 304, 306
Cambodia, 280
Cambrics, I. 86
Caminha, 271
Camomile flowers, I. 57
Campeachy, 332
Camphor, I. 57
Campo Bello, 315
Camwood, I. 57-
Canada, 3, 309
Canal of Gotha, 242
Canavia, 270
Canary Islands, 270
Cancale, 259
Cancao, 280
Candebec, 259
Candia, 277
Candles, 1.57. E. 162
Candlewick, I. 57
Candy, Sugar. Se6 Sugar.
Canea,277
Canella alba, I. 57
Cane hats or bonnets, 79^
Canes, I. 57
Cannon, E, 173
Cantharides, I. 57
Canton, 280, 288
Caoutchouc, I. 58 •
Cape ApoUonia, 306
— Breton, 311
— Canso, 3
— Frio, 334
— of Good Hope, 157,306
— Coast Castle, 300
— Gracias a Dies, 334
— Lardier, 264
— Town, 306
— Verde, 305, 307
Capers, I. 58,
Caps. See Silk.
Captains of Ships, See Ships and
Goods,
Caraccas, 334
Carboneras, 268
Cardamoms, I. 58
Carden, 245
Cardiff, 214
Cards, playing, I. 58. E. 162
— wool, spinners, or stock, 172
Carentan, 259
Cargoes. See Goods.
Carill, 268
Carlingziel, 245
Carlisle, 214
Carlscrona, 240
Carlsham, 240
Carmine, I. 58
Carolinensiel, 259
Carriages, 31, 58, 162
Carrian River, 279
Cartagena, 334
Carthagena, Spain, 268
Carts, Smuggling, 31
Canipano, 334
Casks, Empty, I. 60
— filling up with warehoused wine and
spirits. See Wine and Spirits.
— what to be used for repacking
warehoused goods, 212
Cassano, 276
Cassava powder, I. 58
Cassia, I. 58
INDEX.
423
Castel-a-mare, 276
('astle and Co., disiillers, 12G
Castor, I. 59
('astois, silver necks or collars, E. 106
Castries, .315, 323
Castropol, 268
Casts of busts, statues or ficures, I. 59,
129
Catania, 276
Catechu, I. 138
Catlings, I. 59
Cattle, I. 59
Catwyk, 251
Cayenne, 324
Caviare, I. 59
Ceara, 334
(-edar wood, I. 59
Cefalu, 276
Celebes, 280
Cephalonia, 274
Cerigo, 274
Certificates. — Fishing at Newfoundland,
322
— of production for West India pro-
duce, 321
— of goods, of Guernsey, Jersey, Alder-
uey, Sark, and Man, 230, 232
— of East India Goods, 289
— of Wine from Cape of Good Hope,
306
Cette, 239
Ceylon, 279
Chacao, 336
Chagres, 334, 336
Chains, gold or silver, E. 166
Chalk, I. 59
— rubbish for ballast, 158, 160
Chancellor of Exchequer, letter from, iv
Chapels, 60
Character of the Journal of Trade, ix
Chareute, 259
Charleston, America, 325
Cliarlestown, W. I., 315, 322
Charlotte Town, 315
Charter of the E. I. Company, 287
— See East Indies.
Charts, I. 89
Charrecker, 284
Cheese, I. 59
Chepstow, 214
Cherbourg, 259
Cheribon, 280
Cherries, I. 59
C;hestnuts, I. 93
Chester, 214
Chichester, 214
Chicory, I. 60
Children as passengers, 26
Chili, 336
Chiloe, 336
China, 280, 292
Cochin, 280
root, I. 60
ware, I. 60
Chip hats, 79
Chisme, 275
Chittagong, 278
Chocolate and cocoa paste, I. 61
Christiauia, 242
Christiansand, 242
Christianstadt, 24
Chromate of iron, I. 84
— of lead, I. 85
Churches, 60
Cider, I. 00
Cigars, I. 139, 227
Cimbrishamn, 240
Cinders, 1.60 E. 162
Ciuuabaris nativa, I. GO
Cinnamon, I. 00
Cirella, 276
Cisme, 275
Citrat of lime, I. 60
Citric acid, 60
Citron, I. 60
— water, I, 143
City Point, 325
Civet, I. 61
Civita Vecchia, 274
Clams, E. 173
Clasps, shoe, E. 165
Cleaning of warehoused goods,87,l 13,21 1
Clinkers, I. 55
Clippings, I. 78
Clocks, I, 61. E. 162
Clothing, military, E. 169
Cloves, I. 122
Coals, I. 61. E. 128
Coal mines, setting fire to, 14
Coastwise, goods carried, when to be
deemed to take eflfect from, xi
— in what ships goods to be carried,
coastwise, 3
— trade, definition of, 176
— general regulations, 176
Cobalt, I. 61
Cochin China, 280
Cochineal, I. 61
Cocoa-nuts, I. 61. E. 162
— fibre, 62
— paste, I. 61
Coculus imlicus, I. 62
Codilla, I. 75
Coffee, I. 62. E. 163
Coin, gold or silver. I. 56
— of all sorts, K. 163. See the names
of the several places.
— copper, I. 64. E. 163.
Coir, rope, twine and strands, 63
Coker nuts, I. 93
Colberg, 244
Colchester, 214
Colding, 245
Coleraine, 214
Collars, 166
Cologne, 256
Colocynth, I. 63
Colophonia, 1. 107
124
INDEX*
Colombia, 334
Colonia, 335
Colonies, governors of, xxxvii
Colonies, British northern, 309
Colours, painters', I. 99
Columbia, U.S.A., 325
Columbo root, I. 68
Columbo, 279
Comfits, I. 64
CommenJo, 306
Commerce, rise and progress of, xili
— general regulations of, 1
conventions of. See the names of
the several kingdoms and places.
Conchagua, 334
Conquet, 259
Conserves, 130
Consignees, 42
Constantinople, 275
Constantine, 305
Construction in general, xi
Consuls, British abroad, xxxiii
Consuls' fees, 224
Conventions. Sea the names of the
several kingdoms aud places.
Convicts, 160
Copenhagen, 245
Copiopo, 336
Copper, I. 64. E. 163
Co[iper ore, 64
Conper-plates, I. 64
Copperas, I. 65
Coquimbo, 33G
Coral, I. 65
Cord, gold, silver and silk, E. 1G5
Cordage, I. 65
Cordials. Sec Spirits.
Corfu, 274
Coringa, 278
Cork, port of, 135, 214, 215, 237
Cork, I. 66
— models, I. See Models.
Corks, I. 66
Corn, 1.2, 66. E. 163
— warehousing, 204
Cornelians, I. 46
Coro, 334
Coron, 277
Correspondents, notice to, xii
Corsoer, 245
Corunna, 268
Corvo, 273
Cos, 277
Cosseir, 307
Coto. See Silk.
Cotton manufactures, I. 70, 87, 157. E.
163, 165, 167
— warehoused, taken out to be cleaned,
87, 113, 211
Country Harbour, 311
Counterfeit money, I. 63
Countervailing duties, 193, 194
Countiies of which ships to be deemed,
4
Coverlets, E. 174
Cowes, 139, 214
Cranberries, I. 71
Crapes. See Silk.
Crayons, I. 71
Cream of Tartar, I. 71
Creasing irons, E. 173
Creatures, live, I. 88
Crewels, E. 174
Crews of Ships. See Ships.
Croisie, 259
Cronstadt, 234
Crooked Island, 315
Crotchey, 279
Crotoy, 259
Cruets, silver necks or collars, 166
Crystal, I. 71
Cuba, 324
Cubebs, I. 71
Cucumbers, preserved, I. 71
CuUundberg, 245
Culm, I. 71, E. 162. See Coals,
Cumana, 334
Cumberland, 31 1
Curagoa, 324
Currants, 2, 71
Customs duties, rates of, 45
Cutch, 279
Cuxhaven, 2;6
Cyprus, 277
D.
Dagebull, 245
Dago, 234
Dalrymple, port, 293
Damaged goods on import, 38
— warehoused, how to be dealt with,
211
Damask, I. 86
Danzic, 244
Darien, 325
Dartmouth, 214
Dates, 72
Davis's Straits, oil, 96
— Fishery, 96, 346
Days, number of, for stores, 215
Days, table of, 200
Duals aud deal ends, I. 149
Deaths, registration of, 1 9
Deficiencies, on warehoused goods, 201,
214
Delagoa Bay, 307
Delcarmen, 332
Delftshaven, i;51
Delfszyl, 251
Delivery of goods. See Goods.
Delos, 277, 306
-Demerara, 311
Demmiii, 244
Denia, 268
Denmark, 245, 279
Derelict, 72
Deva, 268
INDEX.
42.)
Dei venter, 251
Devise, 259
Dialette, 2"}9
Diamoiuls, 2, 72, 83
J)ia|ier, 8G
Dice. 1.72. E.f,2. See Cards.
Dieppe, 2."i9
Dies, E. 173
Dixcove, oOG
Docks, 181, 190,215
Documents. See the names i.f the seve-
ral artichis and places.
D'Onionvillc, 259
Dominica. 31 1
Dorcum, 251
Doidt, 251
Dornuminersifl, 259
Dortrecht, 2jl
Douglas, Isle of Man, 22G
Douglas, Nova Scotia, 311
Dover, 211
Down, I. 72
Dratjoe, 2-16
Dragon's hlood, I. 90
Dram, 242
Drawbacks. See Duties.
Drawing off warehoused rum for stores,
134
Drawings, I. 103
Dresses, silk. See Cotton and Silk.
Drillings. See Linen.
Droback, 242
Drogheda, 214
Droutheim, 242
Drugs, I. 72
Dublin, 1,35, 214, 287
Dui, 279
Dumauni, 279
Dumfries, 214
Dundalk, 214
Dundee, 214.215
Dunkirk, 259
Dutch Proprietors, B. P. 323
Dutch proprietors of estates in Demerara,
Essequibo, and Berbice, 323
Duties, drawbacks, and bounties, when
to commence, xi
— new ones granted, 45
— rates of, on import, 45
■ — reciprocity, 44
— computation of, 46
— on export, 158
— abandonment of warehoused goods for
duties, 45
— payable in British possessions in Ame-
rica, 318
— return of, 224
— tonnage, 1 11
— countervailing, 193
— inland excise, 195
— lights, buoys, &c., 178
— dock, 181
— pilotage, &c., 188
— stamp, 196
See also various kingdoms, as Rus-
sia. &c.
E.
Earthenware, I. 72
East Indiics, viz. : —
— in general, 278. 292
— goods of, how they may be impovfcd
from Gibraltar or Malta, into United
Kingdom, 2
— natives of, not deemed British Se.a-
nien, 4
— ports for importation in United King-
dom, 287
East Ries, 242
Ebony, I. I'i
Eckenforde, 245
Edam, 251
Eels, I. 74
Eggs, I. 73
Egypt, 304
Ekenas, 234
Elba, 275
Elbing, 244
Elephant's teeth, I. 137
Elmeshorn, 245
Elm in a, 306
Elsfleth, 259
Elsineur or Elsinore, 245
Embden, 259
Embezzlement of warehoused goods, 213
Embroidery, I. IZ. E. 165
Emeralds, 2, 83
Emerlow, 245
Emery stones, I. 127
Emigration, 29G
Enamel, I. 73
Engelholm, 240
Engines, E. 172
Enkhuizem, 251
Enos, 275
Entry of goods. See Goods.
Esmeraldas, 334
Essence, I. 73
Essens, 259
Essequibo, 323
Estaples, 259
Ether, 123
Euphorbium, I, 7.3
EuitoPE in general, 226
— goods of, whence and in what ships
to be imported, 2
— British possessions in, 226
— trade with Africa, 2
Asia, 2
America, 2
Exchange, Bills of, 203
Excliange. Nature of, xx.iL
Exchanges. See names of several places.
Excise permits, 42
See also several articles, as Wine,&c,
— inland duties, 195
— officers. See Goods and Ships.
— countervailing duties between Great
Britain and Ireland, 193
2 A
426
INDEX.
Exeter, 214
Exports, 158
Exports. Accounts of, xxxi. xxxiii
Extract, I. 73
F.
Faaborg, 245
Factors, 223
Fahrsuml, 242
Faifoe, 280
Fakkebiorg, 246
Falkenburg, 240
Falkland Islands, 344
Falmouth, 139,214
Falmouth (West Indies), 315
Faroe, Denmark, 245
Faro, Portugal, 271
Fayal, 273
Feathers, I. 73
Fecamp, 259
Fees, Consuls", 224
Felspar, 127
Female Smugglers, 31
Fermosa, 334
Fernando Po, 306
Ferro, 270
Ferrol, 268
Fez, 304
Fife Angas, 293
Figs, 2, 74
Figuera, 271
Figures, I. 59, 129
Filigree work, E. 166
Filtering stones, I. 127
Fins. See Whale fins.
Fir, 151
Fire. Setting, to Ships, Coal Mines,
Agricultural Produce, &c., 13, 14
Firewood, I. 151
Fish, I. 74. E. 163
Fishery, Newfoundland, 3
Fishery, Davis's Straits, 345
Fisheries, art. necessary for,163. B.P.324
Fishing Boats. See Shij)S.
Fiume, 275
Fladstrand, 245
Flasks, I. 55
Flax, 2, 75
Flekkefiord, 242
Flensborg, 245
Flint stones, I. 127
Flocks, I. 75
Flores, 273
Flotsam, 72
Flour. See Corn.
Flower roots, I. 75
Flowers, artificial, 1. 75
— camomile, I. 57
— lavender, I. 85
Flushing, 251
Fohr, 245
Fora, 245
Foreign West Indies, 324
Foreign seamen. See Ships.
— goods. See Goods.
Foreko, 240
Fort Albany, 309
— Dauphin, 307
— George, 309
— Vancouver, 309
— William, 278
Fossils, I. 75
Foul Point, 307
Frames for pictures, &c., I. 75
Frames for making wearing apparel, E. 173
— silver, E. 160
— other sorts, E. 173
France, 259, 279
Franciso, 333
Franckfort, 256
Frederica, 245
Frederickshall, 242
Frederickstadt, Norway, 242
Frederickstadt, Denmark, 245
Free ports in America, 315, 322
Frieborg, 259
Friendly Islands, 392
Fringe, E. 165
Fruit, 76
Fry and Sons, Cocoa Manufacturers, 62
Fuego, 307
Fuerta Ventura, 270
Funchal, 273
Funen, 245
Furriers' waste, I. 78
Furs, I. 114
Fustic, I. 76
G.
Gaboon, 306
Galatz, 275
Gallipoli, 276
Galls, I. 76
Galveston, 333
Galway, 2, 214
Gambia River, 305
Gambier's Island, 293
Gamboge, I. 76
Gamla Carleby, 234
Gapsal, 234
Garding, 245
Garnets, I. 70
Gaspe, 309
Gauze of Thread, 76. See Silk.
Geeste, 259
Geestendorf, 259
Gefle, 240
Gelantine, 78
Geldings, I. 81
Geneva. See Spirits.
Genoa, 274
Gentian, 70
George Town, 315, 325
Gergenti, 276
Germany, 255
Ghanzni, 284
Ghent, 251
Gibraltar, 2, 5, 7, 269, 273
Gijon, 268
Gilolo, 280
INDEX.
427
Ginger, I. 76
Ginseng, I. "7
Gjedseiodde, 240
Glasgow, 135, 139, 214, 215
Glass bottles, 55, 164
— generally, I. 77. E. 163, 193
— paintings on, 1. 99
Gloucester. 214, 287
Gloves, I. 77
Gluckstadt, 245
Glue, I, 78
Goa, 279
Goatzacoalcos, 333
Goesor Tergoes, 251
Gold Brocade, I. 56
— Bullion, Coin and Ore, I. 56
— Fringe, &c. E. 174
— Lace, E. 174
— Leaves, I. 85
— Litharge, I. 88
— Medals, I. 90
— Plate, L 102. E. 106, 174, 193
— Thread, E. 174
— Wire, E. 173, 174
Gold Coast, 306
Golfo Duke, 334
Gombroon, 278
Gomera, 270
GOODS— Inwards, viz. .—
Whence and in what ships may be
imported, 2—5
Reprisal, 2
What deemed a direct import of, 42
Manufactured, of what country to
be deemed the produce, 3
How goods prohib! ted may be ware-
housed, 5
Entry inwards, repcrt and landing, 38
Times and places for landing, 38, 44
Bulk, breaking of, 38
Stowage of, altered ; or goods
staved, destroyed, or thrown over-
board on import, 29
Officers to have care, on import, 40
Officers to board ships, to have free
access to seal or secure goods, and
to open locks, 40
On board national ships, persons in
charge to deliver account, and
answer on oath, 42
Prohibited, or uncustomed, 5, 32,
37, 176
Rescuing or destroying goods, 35
Floating, or sunk at sea, 36
Abandonment, 45.
Plantation, not to be entered unless
clearance be produced, 42
Manifests of, 38
Returned, how to be imported and
warehoused, 41
Smuggling, 27
Duties, reciprocity, 44
Drawback or bounty goods not to be
re-imported, 42
GOODS — iNWAnns, viz : —
Valuation of, 38
/ Excise permits for, 42
Derelict, flotsman, jetsam or wreck,
72
Not worth duty, 45
Delivery of, excise officers to at-
tend, 42
Prohibited to be imported, or re-
stricted, list of, 43
Damaged, 3>S
Duties, drawbacks, and bounties,
rates of, 45
GOODS — Outwards, viz. : —
In what ships to be carried, 3
Entry of, on export and shipment,
159
For drawback or bounty, when and
how to be entered outwards, 159
Valuation of, outwards, 158
Of less value than drawback, 159
Property of persons abroad, 159
Time of shipment and payment of
drawback, 159
Prohibited, 160
Debenture goods to be in name of
real owner or commission mer-
chant, 159
How agents may enter, &c. them
on export, 159
GOODS — Coastwise, viz.: —
How goods may be carried coast-
wise, 3
What deemed coasting trade, 176
Prohibited to be carried coastwise,
176
Dues to the city of London, 177
GOODS — Warehouseu, viz. : —
Returned goods, 41
Prohibited by navigation laws, may
be warehoused, 5
General regulations, 204
Goole, 214, 215
Gorcum, 251
Goree, 305
Gotha canal, 242
Gothland, 240
Gottenburg, 240
Government stores, 160
Governors of British colonies, xxxvii
Gracias a Dios, 334
Graciosa, 273
Grain. See Corn.
Grains, I. 78
Grand Signior, 2
Grangemouth, 214
Granilla, I. 78
Granville, 259
Grapes, I. 78
Grass, I. 130
Gravelines, 259
Grease, I. 78
Greaves for dogs, I, 78
2 A 2
428
INDEX.
Greece, 275 '
Greek Islands, 277
Greenland Whale Fishery, 96
Greenock, 135, 139, 214, 215, 287
Greetsiel, 259
Greifswald^, 244
Grenada, 311
Grimsby, 214
Grimsted, 242
Grits. See Corn.
Grohn, 259
Groningen, 251
Gronstadt, 242
Guadaloupe, 324
Guamas, 333
Guatemala, 334
Guayaquil, 334
Guernsey, Jersey, Alderney, Sark,
Man, 3-5, 230, 315. B.P. 324
Guildo, 259
Guinea, New, 280
Guinea wood, I. 78, 106
Gulf of St. Lawrence, 3
Gum, 78
Gunpowder, I. 79. E. 1G5
Guyana, 334
Gypsum, I. 79
Gysborougl), 311
H.
Hafshmd, 242
Hair, I. 79
Hair-powder, I. 103. E. 315, 322
Halifax, 311
Halmstadt, 240
Halte, 259
Hamburg, 256
Hammaren, 246
Hammerfest, 241
Hammei- Light-house, 246
Hammers, E. 173
Hams, I. 79
Handkerchiefs, linen and cotton.
Linen. — Silk. See Silk.
Handspikes, I. 152
Hand-stamps, E. 173
Hanover, 259
Hansan, 280
Hanseatic towns, 256
Hapsal, 234
Harbour grace, 323
Harburg. 259
Harderwyck, 251
Harfleur, 259
Harlingen, 251
Harlingerziel, 259
Harp strings, I. 79
Hasegras, 251
Hats, I. 79. See Silk.
Havaunah, 324
Havre de Grace, 259
Hay, I. 80
Hayti, 324, 325
Head matter. See Oil. '
Heath, for brushes, I, 80
and
See
Hedcrsloben, 245
Heide. 245
Heiligenbaven, 245
Helder, 251
Heligoland, 7
Helebore, I. 80
Helsiagborg, 240
Helsingfors, 234
Helvoetsluys, 251
Hemp, I. 2, 80
Ilerlekietgodens, 259
Hernosand, 240
Hever, 245
Heyst, 251
Hides, I. 80
Hobart Town, 298
Hodeida, 278
Hogesand, 251
Ho'lbeck, 245
Holidays, 224
Holland, 248, 251
._ New, 298
Holmstadt, 242
Holmstrand, 242
Holstein, 245. B. P. 323
Holtenaii, 245
Honduras, 4, 311, 324
Hones, I. 81
Honev, I. 81
Honfleur, 259
Hoofs of cattle, I. 81
Hooksiel, 259
Hoops, I. 81
Hoorn, 251
Hop duty, xxxiii.
Hops, L 41, 81. E. 165. 193, 195
Horns, horn tips, and pieces of horns,
L81
Horiiummersiel, 259
Horsbull, 245
Horsehair hats or bonnets, I. 79
Horse ns, 245
Horses, I. 81
Horvacht, 245
Houses, searching, 31
Hoyer, 245
Huasco, 336
Huatulco, 333
Hudlclcswald, 240
Hue, 280
Huhaheine, 302
Hull, 135, 139,192,214, 287
Hungary water, I. 143
Hunte, 259
Husum, 245
Hydra, 277
I.
Implements, E. 172
Imports, 38
Imposts, account of, xxviii.
— direct, defined, 42
— when to take effect from, xi.
Indentures of apprentices, 21
Indies, East, 278
INDEX.
4-20
Indies, West, 311
Indigo, I, 83
Ink, I. 83
Inkle, I. 83 i
Innhauzersiel, 259
Instruments, E. 172
Instruments, musical, 50, 92
% Introductory sketch of trade, xiii.
Ionian Islands, 274
Insuring', 32
Inverness, 214
Ipswich, 214
Ireland, 193
Iris root, I. 99
Iron, I. 83. E. 173
Irons, creasinu:, wheel, pricking, seat,
bolstering, E. 173
Lsigny, 259
Isinglass, I. 84
Isla del Carmen, 332
Isle of Man, 84, 165, 227. See Guern-
sey.
Italv, 274
Ithaca, 274
Itzehoe, 245
J.
Jacobstadt, 234
Jahde, 259
Jalap, I. 82
Jalalabad, 234
Jamaica, 31 1, 325
Japanese islands, 292
Japanned ware, I. 82
Java, 280
Jemgum, 259
Jersey. See Guernsey.
Jet, 1. 83
Jetsam, 72
Jever, 259
Jewels, emeralds, rubies, and all other
precious stones, 2, 83
Juan Fernandes, 314
Juangriego, 334
Judda, 278
Juice of lemons, limes, or oranges, I. 84
— liquorice, 87
Juniper berries, I. 53
Junk, I. 105
Justices of peace, 33, 34
See the several titles, such as Ships
and Boats, and the names of the
various articles.
K.
Kabul, 283
Kangaroo head, 293, 294
Kernels, I. S2
Kiel, 245
Kingsoote, 294
Kiertmunde, 245
Kingston, England, 21 4
— West Indies, 322
— Canada, 315, 323
Kioge, 245
Khindort, 25 1
Knife-cases, silver, E. 166
Kniphausen, 259
Knives, E. 173
Kola, 234
Konigsberg, 244
Kragoroc, 242
Kumla, 234
Laarvig. 242
l.ac, 1.84
Lace, I. 84. E. 165, 174
Lacquered ware, I. 82
Ladles, silver, E. 166
Lagan, 72
La Guayra, 334
La Garouppe, 265
Lagoon de Terminos, 332
La Havre, 311
La Hogue, 259
Laholme, 241
Laiand, 245
La Libertad, 331
La Union, 334
Lamb, I. 84
Lamp-black, I. 84
Lancaster, 139, 214
Landennan, 259
Landing of Goods. See Goods.
Landscrona, 241
Langeland, 245
Lannion, 259
Lanzarota, 270
Lapar, 333
Lapis Calaminaris, 84
Laps, E. 173
Lard, I. 85
Larissa, 275
Lascars, 4, 289, 291
Latahieh, 234
Lathwood, 1. 152
Lathes, E, 173
Latten, I. 85
Launceston, 298
Lavender flowers, I. 85
Lawns, I. 86
Lead, I. 85
Leaf metal, E. 165
Leather, I. 85
Leaves of gold, I. 86
— roi.es, 86
Leeches, 86
Leer, 259
Lefeard's Peninsula, 293
Leghorn, 275
Lehr, 259
Leith, 135, 139,214,215, 2S7
Lymnos, 277
Lemons, 2, 98
— juice of, 84
— peel of, 9S
Leutiles, I, 86
Leuwarden, 25!
430
INDEX.
Letters, ships carrying, 10
— general regulations, 200
Levant Seas, 3
— Li-ht, 264
Leyte, 280
Libau, 234
Licata, 276
License of ship and boat, 8
— in East Indies, 287
Lichen Islandicus, I. 91
Lights, Trinity House, duties on, 1 78
— False, 13
See the names of the several places.
— Passage, 293
Lignum Vitse, 86
Lima, 336
Limerick, 139, 214
Limes, j nice of, I. 84
Linen, 1. 86; E. 165, 175
— warehoused, 87
Linseed, 2
— cakes, I. 87
Linten, 280
Liquorice, I. 87
Liquors. See the several articles in al-
phabetical order.
Lisbon, 271
Litharge of gold or silver, I. 88
Lithography, stone for, I. 130
Live creatures, 88
Liverpool. Eng., 135, 139, 191,214,287
— Nova Scotia, 311, 315, 323
Lobsters, I. 74
Lockets, E. 166
Loghur, 284
Logwood, I. 88
Loheia, 278
London, 135,^^139, 177, 190, 214, 215
Londondeny, 139,214
Long Island, 325
Longsound, 242
L'Orient, 259
Loreto, 333
Louvain, 251
Lovisa, 234
Lubec, 256
Luo, 259
Lupines, I, 88
Lutestrings, I. 79
Luxon or Luconia, 280
Lynn, 214
M.
Macao, 281
Macaroni, I. 88
Mace, I, 122
Maceio, 334
Machines, E. 172
Macri, 275
Madagascar, 307
Madder, 2, 88
— root, 88
Madeira, 273, 304
Madonado, 335
Madras, 278
Magna Grsecia ware, I. 88
Mahogany, I. 88
Mahon, 268
Majaquadavie, 315
Malacca, 278, 280
Malay Peninsula, 280
Malaga, 268
Maldon, 215
Malines, 251
Malmo, 241
Malt, 1.41; E.163, 195
Malta, 7, 273
Man, Isle of, 84, 165, 227
Manchester, Nova Scotia, 311
Mandahl, 242
Manfredonia, 276
Manganese ore, I. 88
Manifest, 38, 292
— B. P., 323
Manilla, 280
Man, Isle of, 84, 165, 227. See Guernsey-
Manna, I. 89
Manufactures, gen. regulations as to, 2
See the names of the several articles
in alphabetical order.
Manuscripts, I. 89
Manzanillo, 333
Maps, I. 89
Maracaibo, 334
Maranham, 334
Marans, 259
Marble, I. 127
Mares, I. 81
Margarita, 334
Maria, 315
Mariager, 245
Mariansiel, 259
Mariboe, 245
Marine agents, xli
Mariners. See Ships and Goods, and
and the names of the several places.
Marmalade, I. 90
Marquesas, 302
Marriages, registration of, 1 9
Married women, 37
Marsala, 276
Marseilles, 260, 264
Marstrand, 241
Martaban, 280
Martinique, 324
Massuah, 307
Masts, 152
Masters of ships. See Ships.
Mastic, I. 90
Matagorda, 333
Matamoros, 333
Matchian, 280
Mates of ships. See Ships.
Mats, I. 90
Matting I. 90
Mattresses, I. 90; E. 175
Mauritius, 157, 307
Mayo, 307
Mazatlan, 332
INDEX.
431
Mazzara, 276
Mead, I. 90
Meal, See Corn.
Measures. See names of several places
— foreign, xxxiv.
Meckleuburf,'h, 205, 259
Mechlin, 251
Medals, I. 90. E. 166
Medea, 304
Mederablik, 251
Medical Men, 25
Medicines, 25
Medlars, I. 90
Melasses, I. 130, 133
Meldorf, 245
Meliapour, 279
Memel, 244
Merchandise, articles of, described luider
their various names.
Mercury, I. 90
Mergui, 280
Messina, 276
Mesunde, 245
Mesurada River, 306
Metal, bell and leaf, 91
— rolled, E. 173
Metheglin, I. 90
Mexico, 332
Middleburg, 251
Milford, 215
Milan, 275
Military clothing, accoutrements, ap-
pointments, or stores, E. 169
Millboards, I, 91. E. 165, 195
Millinery. See Silk.
Mill-stones, I. 128
Mile, 277
Mindanao, 280
Mines, Coal, setting fire to, 14
Minerals, 91
Minors, bonds of, 10
Mindoro, 280
Minerals, I. 91
— specimens of, I. 121
Mingo, 306
Ministers, British, abroad, xxxvi.
Miscellaneous information, xxii.
Mirimichi, 311, 315
Mitts, I. 77
Mobile, 325
Mocambo, 332
Mocha, 278
Models,!. 91, 109, 129. E. 173
Moer, 245
Mogadore, 304
Molde, 242
Monaco, 274
Money, I. 63
Mone)', origin of, xxii.
Moneys. See names of several places
Montego Bay, 3 1 5
Monte Video, 335
Monterey, 333
Montreal, 309, 323
Montrose, 214
Muntserrat, 311
IVLioda River, 279
IMousc Factory, 309
Morant Bay, 315
Morea, 277
Morlaix, 259
Morocco, 2, 5, 304, 305
Morjihia, and its salts, 91
Mortlings, E. 174
Mosaic work, 1. 129
Moss, I. 91
Moss, Port of, 242
IVIother-of-pearl shells, I. 91
Motir, 280
Moulmeen, 280
Mount Lofty, 293
Mounts, silver, E. 166
Mozambique, 307
Muddi, 279
Mules, 1.91
Mum, I. 53
Muudica, 268
Murder, 16
Muston, chronometer maker, 143
Muscat, 278
Musical Instruments, I. 50, 92
Musk, I. 92
Musunde, 245
Mutton, I. 92
Mycone, 277
Myrrh, 1. 92
Mysol, 280
Mytilene, 277
Mysore, 278
N.
Nakkeboved, 246
Names of vessels, boat, port, and master, 8
Nangasaki, 292
Nantes, 260
Nantucket, 325
Nauuing, 280
Naples, 276
Napoli di Romana, 277
Narva, 234
Nassau, 315, 322
Nastoed. 245
National ships. See Ships,
Navarino, 277
Navy agents, xl.
Navigation, definition of, 1
— Act, 2
Naxia, 277
Naxkow. 245
Necks, E. 166
Necklaces, E. 166
Needlework, I. 73
Negroes, 4
Negropont, 277
Negros, 280
Nepean Bay, 293
Nesummersiel, 259
Net. See Silk.
Nets, old fishing, I. 92, 105
432
INDEX.
Netherlands, 248, 2 J2, 282. B. P. 32 5
Neiiharliiii^ersiul, 259
Neustadt/246
Nevis, 311
Newcastle, 135. 139, 214, 215, 287
Newport, 215
New Amsteidam, 315
New Bedford. 325
New Britain, 302
New Brunswick, 3, 311
New Caledonia. 302
New Carleby, 234
New Carlisle, 309
Newcastle, 287
New Edinbnrg^li, Nova Scotia, 31 1
Newfoundland. 3, 309
New Guinea, 280
Newhaven, England, 215
Newhaven. America, 325
New Hebrides. 302
New Holland, 298
New Ireland, 302
New Orleans, 325
New Providence, 315
New Ross, 214
New South Wales, 294
New York, 325
New Zealand. 299
Newry, 139, 215
Newsiiapers, 92, 200
Neyhus, 259
Nicaragua, 234
— wood,"!. 92
Nicaria, 277
Nice, 274
Nieuport, 251
Nickel, 92
Nikioping, 245
Niphon, 292
Nitre, I. 92
Noiden, 259
Norderschelusc, 245
Nordstrand, 245
Norfolk, 325
North Brevig, 242
Norkoping, 241
Normeutiers, 2G0
Norway, 242
Notice of removal and repacking of ware-
housed goods, 211
Notices to Mariners. Sue the names of
the several places.
Nova Scotia, 3, 31 1
Numbers. See Goods.
Nutmegs, I. 92
Nuts, I. 93
Nux vomica, I. 93
— extract or preparation of, I. 73
Nyborg, 245
Ny Carleby, 234
Nyland, 241
Nystadt, 234
Natividad. 333
O.
Oak, I. 154
Oakum, I. 93
Oars, 1. 152
Oats and oatmeal, I. 2, 66
Ochlandsvogen, 242
Ochre, I. 93
Odensee, 24G
Odessa, 240
Officers. See Goods, Ships, Warehous-
ing, &c.
Official correspondence, ix.
Oil, 2, 94, 304
Oldenburgh. 259
Oldersum, 259
Oleron, 260
Olibanum, I. 97
Olives, I. 97
Olive wood, I. 93
Omoa, 334
Onega, 234
Onions, I. 98
Opium, I. 98
Oporto, 271
Oiange-flower water, 1. 98
Oranges, 2, 98
— juice of, I. 84
Orchal, or orchelia, I. 99
Orders iu council and of public boards
will be found under the names of the
several articles and places.
Ore, I. 99
— copper, I. 64. E.163
— gold or silver, 56
— iron, I. 84
— lead, I. 85
— manganese, 89
— platina, 102
— specimens of, I. 121
— tm, 138
— other sorts, I, 99
Orutava, 270
Orpiment, I. 99
Orris root. I. 99
Orsedew.1.99
Ostend, 251
Oster Reisoer, 242
Otaheite. 302
Ottendorf, 259
Otto of roses, 1.99
Owhyhee,302
Owners of ships. See Ships and Goods
Oysters, I. 74
P.
Packages, duty free on export, 161
— on warehousing, 281
Padang,280, 281
Paddy, I. 106
Paimpol, 260
Painters' colours, I. 99
Paintings, I. 101
Paintings on glass, 99
Palaaios, 268
Palawan, 2S0
INDEX.
433
Palombanp, 280
Palermo, -76
Palnia, Spain, 268
Palma, Canaries. 270
Palmetto thatch, 9<J
Panipala, 33-1
Panama, 334, 336
I'anay, 280
Papal territories, 274
Papenborf:;, 2')9
Paper, I. 'J9. E. 165, 172, 195
Para, 334
Parchment, 1. 100
Par of exchange, xxv.
Parliamentary agents, xlii.
Paraiba, 334
Parliamentary Papers and Speeches. See
names of several articles and places.
Paros, 277
Passages, 268
Passengers, 24
Pasteboards, I. 100
Pataholm, 241
Patma, 268
Patmos, 277
Patterns, 100
Paxo, 274
Payta, 336
Pearl ashes, I. 49
— barley, I. 100. E. 163. Sec Corn.
— gold and silver, E. 16;')
Pearls, 3, 100, See Jewels.
Pears, I. 109
Peas, I. 2, 66
Pedir, 280
Peel, Isle of Man, 226
Peel, orange and lemon, 98
Pelew Islands, 280
Pellworm. 246
Pelts, I. 114
Penang,278, 279
Pencils, I. 100
Penobscot, 325
Pensacola, 325
Pens, I. 101
Penzance, 214
Pepper, I. 122. E. lOG
Perfumery, I. 100
Permits, excise, 42. See|aIso the several
articles, as Wine, &c.
Pernaiba, 334
Pernamhuco, 334
Pernaa, 234
Perry, I. 101
Persia, 278
Persons Smuggling, 30^
Peru, 336
Petersburg, Russia, 234
Petersburg, America, 325
Pewter, I. 101
Philadelphia, 325
Philippine Islands, 280
Physician, 25
Pickles, I. 101
Pico, 273
Pictou, 311, 315
Pictures I. 101, 103
Pilea, 241
Pillars, E. 173
Pillau, 244
Pilot Boats. See Ships.
Pilots and Pilotage, 188
Pimento, I. 123
Pincers, E. 173
Pinions, E. 173
Pink root, I. 101
Pipes, E. 173..
Piracy, 16
Pitch, 1. 101
Pithea, 241
Pitt's Town, 315
Planks, I. 148
Plans, E. 172
Plantains, 101
Plants, I. 102
Plaster of Paris, I. 102
Plate, I. 102. E. 165, 1G(:, 193
Plates, cojiper, I. 64
Plates used in manufacture^, E. 173
Platina, I. 102
Platting, I. 102
Plums, I. 102
Plymouth, England, 214
Plymouth, W. 1., 315
Point de Galle, 279, 306
Point Grey, 293
— Malcolm. 293 1
Police Officers, 31
Pomatuin, I. 102
Pomegranates, I. 102
Pondicherry, 279
Pont TAbbe, 260
Pontrieux, 260
Pool, 214
Porcelain Ware, 60
Pork, I. 102. E. 161
Porquerolles, 264
Porsground, 242
Port Antonio, 315
— Dalrymple, 298
— Elizabeth, 306
— Glasgow, 1.35, 214, 215, 287
— Hamilton, 315
— Louis, 307
— Morant, 3 1 5
— St. George, 315
— Vendre. 260
— Sydney, 2 94
— Charges. See the names of the se-
veral places.
Porter, Mr., val ue of his account s,xxxviii
Ports, principal of the world, are arranged
under their several names.
Ports, warehousing, U.K. 214, B.P. 322
Portendic, 305
Porto Bello, 334, 336
Porto Quito, 275
Porto Rico, 324
434
INDEX.
Portovedo, 334
Portsmouth, 214
— in America, 325
Portugal, 271, 279
Possessions, British
in Europe, 3, 227
in Asia, 3, 278
in Africa, 3, 303
in America, 3, 309
in West Indies, 3, 314
Post Da3S, Foreign, xxvi
Postage of letters, 200
Potashes, I. 49
Potato flour. 103
Potatoes, I. 102
Potosi. 332
Pots, melting, I. 103
Powder, I. 103
Prastoe, 246
Precious stones, 2
Presses, E. 172
Prices of Stocks, Bullion, &c. xxiii, xxv
Prince Edward's Island, 315
Prince of Wales's Island, 279
Prince's Island, 30G
Prints, 103
Proclamations. See the names of the
several articles and places.
Prohibited goods. See Goods.
Provisions, 25, 167
Providence, 325
Province, Wellesley, 279
Prunelloes, I. 102
Prunes, 2, 104
Prussia, 244
Public boards, orders of, are digested
under the titles to which they respec-
tively appertain.
Puddings, I. 109
Puerto Cabello, 334
Pugwash, 311
Punches, E. 1 73
Purmerend, 251
Purcellas,E. 173
Q.
Quarters, beech and fir, I. 142, 151
Quassia, I. 104
Quebec, 309, 315,322
Queda, King of, 279
Queen Charlotte's Island, 302
Quernstones, I. 128
Quicksilver, I. 104
Quilca, 336
Quills, I. 104
Qudon, 278
Quimper, 260
Quinces, I. 104
Quinhou, 280
Quinine, sulphate of, I. 105
R.
Radix, I. 105
Rags, I. 105
Raisins, 2, 105
Ramree, 280
Ramsay, 226
Ramshag, 311
Randcrs, 246
Ranebeck, 259
Rangoon, 279
Rape cakes, I. 1 06
— uf grapes, 106
— seed, 2
Raudervehn, 259
Realejo, 334
Reciprocity system, 44
Recruiting Agents, xlii.
Red Sea, 307
Redwood, I. 106
Refugio, 332
Registration of Births, Deaths, and Mar-
riages, 19
Registry of Ships, 7
Regnville, 260
Removal of warehoused goods from port
to port, 208
— of warehoused goods illegally, 206
Rendsburg, 246
Rennebide, 259
Rent, 205
Repacking of warehoused goods, 21 1
Reports. See Goods and Ships.
Reports of Law Cases. See the names
of the several articles and places.
Reprisal, 2
Requexada, 268
Resin, I. 107
Restigouche, 311
Restrictions. See Goods.
Returned goods, 41
Revel, 234
Revenue, Accountof, October, 1837, xxvii
Rewards for giving information, 36
Rhine, 256
Rhode Island, America, 325
Rhodes, Morea, 277
Rhubarb, I. 106
Ribbons. I. ] 13, E. 167. See Silk.
Ribadeo, 268
Ribands. See Silk.
Ribe, 246
Rice, I. 106
Richibucto, 239,311
Richmond, America, 325
Riga, 234
Riga balsam, I. 51
Rings, E. 173
Ringkioping, 246
Rio Bueno, 315
Rio de la Plata, States of, 335
Rio Grande, Africa, 306
Rio Grande, Brazil, 334
Rio Hacha, 334
Rio .Taneiro, 334
Rio Volta, 306
Riva de Cetta, 268
River Carrian, 279
River Columbia, 309
River Gambia, 306
INDEX.
435
River Mesurada, 306
River Mooda, 27'J
River Orinoco, 334
Rivers, navigation of, 3
Road, harbour, 315, 3-'3
Rochebernard, 260
Rochulle, 260
Rochester, 214
Roclifort, 260
Rollers, E. 173
Romoe, 246
Roots, flower, I. 75
— iris or orrice, I. 9!)
— pink, I. 101
— of various sorts, I. 105
Rope coir. I. 63
Ropes, old, I. 105
Rosas, 268
Roscof, 260
Roseau, 315, 322
Rosewood, I. 107
Rosin. 107
Rostoch, 205, 259
Rotterdam, 248, 251
Rouen, 260
Rubies, 2, 83
Rudkoping, 246
Rugen, 244
Rugenwalde, 244
Rum. See Spirits.
Rushes, hull, I. 56
Russia, 234
Rusterseil, 259
Rutzebutte. 259
Rye, I. 2. 66
Rye, Port of, 214
Rypen, 246
S.
Saardam, 251
Sables d'Olonne, 260
Saccharum saturni, I. 107
afflower, I. 107
Saffron, I. 107
Sago, I. 108
Saigong, 280
Sails and sail-cloth, I. S7
Sal, I. 108
Saldanha Bay, 306
Salep or Salop, I. 108
Sale of warehoused goods, 206
Sallee, 304
Saloe, 268
Salonica. 275
Salt, I. 108. E. 167
Saltpetre, I. 108
Salvage, 16
Samar, 280
Samarang, 280, 282
Samos, 277
Samples, 224
Samsoe, 246
San Bias, 332
San Diego, 333
Sanderhoe, 246
Sandowey, 280
Sandwich Islands, 302
Sanguis draconis, I. 108
San Josef, 315, 322, 323
San Juan de Nicoragua, 334
San Juan del Norte, 334
San Juan del Sur, 334
San Lucai', 208
San Luis Potosi, 332
Santa Cruz, 270
— Lucia, 315
— Maria wood, I, 109
— Marta, 334
Santander, 268
Santorini, 277
Santos, 334
Sapan wood, I. 109
Sapphires, 83
Sardinian territories, 274
Sark, Isle of. See Guernsey.
Sarsapurilla, I. 109
Sassafras, I. 109
Satin. Sue Silk.
Saunders, I. 109
Sausages, I. 109
SavaniUa, 334
Savannah, 325
Savannah le Mar, 315
Scalanuva, 275
Scaleboards, I. 109. E. 105, 195
Scaniniony, 1. 109
Scarborough, West Indies, 315
Scarpanto, 277
Scaw, 246
Scheveliug, 251
Schiedam, 251
Schien, 242
Schlie, 246
Schowen, 251
Schursnou, 251
Sciacca, 276
Scind, 279
Scio, 277
Scotia, Nova, 3, 311
Sculptures, I. 109, 129
Sea terms, 6
— what deemed trading bv, 176
— Black, 240
— Red, 307
— South, 301
Seals, E. 165
Seamen. See Ships.
Searching ships, houses, persons, &c. 30
Sechelle Islands, 307
Security, ordinary warehouses, 204
— special, 205
Seed, 109
Segars. I. 139, 227. E. 219
Sena, I. 112
Senegal, 305
Seiampore, 279
Seville, 268
Shediac, 311
Sheep, I. 112
436
INDEX.
Shears used in glass-blowing, E. 173
Shdbunie, 311
Sheibrooke, 311
Ships, accounts of, xxxil
Ships, viz.
— Number employed, xxxii
— In which trade to be carried on, 2, 16
— What to be admitted as British, 3, 7
— How to be manned & navigated, 3, 16
— Built in Honduras, how to be entitled
as British. 4
How foreign ships, prize of war, or
concerned in slave trade, to be deemed
built, &c. 4
— Masters of, who qualified to be British
masters and British seamen, 2, 16
— How foreign seamen may be employed
instead of British, 4
— Seamen, proportion of, for navigating
ships, may be altered, 5
— Reports, entry, and clear, inwards, 38 :
outwards, 158
— To come quickly to place of mooring,
and to bring-lo at stations, 10
— Places for mooring tobacco ships, 38
— Officers to board, and to have free
access, 48
- — Of what country deemed, 4
— Description of various sorts, 5
— National ships, having goods on
board, 40
— Power of searching ships, 40
— Lists of crews, amoiuit of wages, 41
— In ballast outwards, 159
— In which trade may be carried on
with British possessions, 3
— Manifests of, 38
— Duties on, 112
— How officers may board them, 159
— Signals to smugglers, 29, 35
— Size of, for export of wareh. goods, 213
— In which goods to be car. coastwise, 3
— Trading coastwise, general reg. 176
Shoes, I. 54
Shoe Clasps, £. 1G6
Shooting at boat, &c. 35
Shoreham, 214
Shortlings, E. 174
Shrubs, I. 102
Shumac, I. 2, 102
Siam, 280
Sicily, 276
Sierra Leone, 306
Signals to smugglers, 29, 34
Signior, Grand, 2, 174
Silk, I. 3, 113. E. 163, 167
— fringe, certain sorts of, not to be ex-
ported, 165
— smuggling, 33
Silk-worm gut, I, 114
Silver brocade, I. 56
— bullion, coin,&ore.I. 56. E. 162,165
— fringe, &c. E. 173, 174
— medals, I. 90
Silver lace, E. 84
— litharge, I. 88
— plate, L 102. E. 166, 193
— thread, E. 173, 174
— wire, E. 173, 174
Simon's Town, 306
Singapore, 278
Sisal, 333
Skielskior, 246
Skins, I. 114. E. IGS
Skonwick, 241
Skyro, 277
Slate, I. 129. E. 158, 160
Slate pencils, I, 100
Sleswic, 246
Sligo, 139, 215
Slick stones, I. 130
Slitters, E. 173
Sluys, 2)1
Smalts, 1. 121
Smuggling, 27
Smyrna, 275
Sneeck, 251
Snuff; I. 121
Soap, I. 121. E. 168, 193, 196
Soap ashes, I. 49
Society Islands, 302
Soderham, 241
Solomon's Islands, 302
Sondeborg, 246
Soendborg, 246
Soon, port of, 242
Souakim, 307
Sound, duties, 243
Sourabaya, 280, 282
Southampton, 214
South America, 332
— St a, 301
— Shields, 214
— Wales, New, 294
Spa ware, I. 121
Spain, 268
Spangles, E. 165
Spars, I. 153
Speccia, 274
Specimens of minerals, fossils, or ores,
L 121
Speckled wood, I. 121
Spelter, I. 121
Spermaceti, I, 122
Spezia, 274
Spezzia, 277
Spices, I. 122
Spilsby's Island, 293
Si'iKiTS, viz.
— duties and regul. on import, 2, 123
— smuggling, 28
— brandy, how it may be mixed with
wine in warehouse, 124
— warehoused and exported, 168
— regulations concerning Guernsey,
Jersey, Alderney, Sark, Man, 28. 230
~ Irish and Scotch, 193, 194
Spokes for wheels, 153
INDEX.
437
Sponf^p, I. 12G
Spoons, E. 166
Spouts, teapot, E. 166
Spruce beer, I. 53
Squills, I. 126
Stade, 2r)9
Stampalia, 'in
Stamp duties, 196
Stamps, E. 1 ",']
Stands, silver, E. 166
Starch, I. 126
Stations for vessels to bring-to, 40, 159
Statues, I. 59, 129
Statutes, list of, xliv
Staves, I. 153
Stavesacre, I. 127
Steam vessels. See Ships.
Steel, I. 127.
St. Andero, 268
— Andrew's, 306, 311, 315, 322
— Ann, 315
— Antonio, 307
— Augustine, 325
— Bartholomew, 32 i
— Brieux, 260
— Catherine, 324
— Croix, 324
— Denis, 307
— Domingo, 325
— Felix, 268
— George, Azores, 273
— George, Africa, 306
— George, Grenada. 315, 322
— Creorge. Bermudas, 323
— Helena, 307
— Jago, 207
— Jean de Luz, 260
— John's, Antigua, 315
— John's, New Brunswick, 311,315, 322
— John's, Newfoundland, 309,315, 322
— Juan, de, 334
— Kitfs, 311
— Lawrence, 3
— Louren^o, 272
— Lucia, 307, 311
— Maloes, 260
— Maria, 273
— Martin, 260, 324
— Mary. Africa, 306
— Mary's, America, 325
— M.iura, 274
— Michael. 273
— Nicholas, 274, 307
— Paul, 307
— Peters, 311
— Petersburgh, 234
— Salvador, 334
— Sebastian, Spain, 268
— Sebastian, Brazil, 334
— Servan, 260
— Thome, 279
— Thomas, 306, 324
— Ube's, 271
-- Vallery, 2G0
St. Vincent, 307, 311
— Vincent's Gulf, 293
Steege, 246
Steel, 173
Steenhausen, 259
Stettin, 2 14
Sticks, walking, 127
Stock-fish, 74
Stockholm, 211
Stockton, 214
Stockings, silk, 50
Stocks, prices of, 24, 25
Stolpe, 2-14
Slulpeinnnde, 244
Stones, precious, 2, S3
— of all other sorts, I. 127. 173
Stores, surplus, 41,208
— ships', 169, 208,218
— military and naval, 169
— government, 160
Straits of Gibraltar, 2
— ofBabflmaudel,307
Strainers, E. 173
Strands coir, I. 63
Stralsund, 244
Straw, I. 130
Strings, harj) and lute, I. 79
Strohausen, 259
Stromstadt, 241
Strong waters, I. 123
Studs, silver, E. 165
Stuffs, 113, 130. E. 167
— taking out of warehouse to be cleane<l,
130. Sfe cotton, silk, and woollen.
Sturgeon, I. 74
Succades, I. 139
Succonde. 306
Succus liquoritise, I. 87
Sudwesthoorn, 246
Suez, 307
Sugar, viz.
— Muscovado, duties and regulations on
import, 130
— warehousing of, 132
— certificate of produce, 131, 289
— culture of, 133
— export in general, 168
— export to Isle of Man, 227
— refined, I. 130. E. 169
— candv, I. 130. E. 1G9
— of lead, I. 107
— regulations concerning Guernsey, .Jer-
sey, Alderney, Sark, M.an, 227, 23 1
Sulphate of Quinine, 1. 105
Sulphur, 1.56
— impressions, I. 133
Sumatra, 280
Sunderland, 214
Sundswall, 241
Superintendents in East Indies, 2S3
Suiat, 278
Surgeon, 25
Surmam, 324
Surplus stores, 42, 168-179, 204, 220
438
INDEX.
Susa, 30-1
Swages, E. 16G
Swansea, 214
Swan River, 298
Sweaborg, 234
Sweden, 240
Sweetmeats, 130
Sweetwood, I. 133
Swine, I. 133
Swinnemunde, 244
Sydney, 294, 311,315, 322
Sylt, 246
Syra, 277
Syracuse, 276
Syria, 234
T.
Tabasco, 333
Tacames, 334
Taganrog, 234
Tails, 1. 114
Talc, I. 1 14
Tallow, I. 2, 134
Tamarinds, I. 134
TamauHpas, 332
Tambour work, E. 165
Tampico, 134,332
Tariffs. See the names of the several
kingdoms and places.
Taimserim. 278, 280
Tangiers, 304
Tapioca, I. 134
Tappancely, 280
Tar, 2, 134
Tares, I. 134
Tares, allowance for. See the several art.
Taron, 280
Tarragona, 268
Tarras, I. 134
Tartaric Acid, 134
Tatmagush. 311
Tatta, 279 '
Tavoy, 280
Tea — import of, into United Kingdom,
and duties thereon, 41, 134
— Sales, 281
— Culture, 136
— Ports, 135
— Warehousing, 105
— Export, 161
— Permits, 135
— How it may be imported into British
possessions in America, 323
— chests, silver, E. 166
— strainers, silver, E. 166
— smuggling, 33
Teake wood, I. 119
Teaki, 274
Teasles, I. 137
Teeth, I. 137
Teerveer, 251
Telescopes, I. 138
Tellicherry, 278
Tenasserim, 280
Tenedos, 277
Teneriffe, 270
Terceira, 273
Tergoes, 251
Tergouw, 251
Termini, 276
Termunterzeil, 251
Ternati, 280
Terra, 138
Terra Nova, 276
Teste, 260
Texas, 344
— ' of ships, &c. 7, 1 1
Texel, 251
Thatch, Palmetto, 99
Thread,-!. 138. E. 174
Ticks, 86
Tickets, Bottle, E. 133
Tidore, 280
Tierra Viega, 268
Tiles, I. 138
Timber, 2, 154
Tune in which goods to be cleared from
warehouses, 207
Timor, 280
Till, I. 138
Tincal, I. 54
Tinfoil, I. 138
Tiiio, 277
Tippings, E. 166
Titan Light, 264
Tobacco, description of, 140
— smuggling, 33
— manifests, 38, 39
— exported, not to be re-imported for
home use, 41, 139
— duties and regul. on import, 2, 139
— export, 172
— warehoused, 139
— for use of King's ships, 172
— warehouses to be provided, 205
— rent, 205
— regulations concerning Guernsey, Jer-
sey, Alderney, Sark,& Man, 230, 234
— pipes, I. 140
Tobago, 311
Tongues, I. 140
Tondern, 246 _^
Tonnage rates, 177
Tonningen, 246
Tongsberg, 242
Tools, E. 172
Topaz. See Jewels.
Tornea, 241
Tornsal, I. 140
Tortoiseshell, I, 140
Tortola, 311
Torre de Bugio, 272
Torren's Island, 293
TottenbuUspiecker, 246
Toulon, 260
Tow, I. 75
Toys, I. 141
Trade, general regulations of, 1
— coasting, what deemed, 176
— how treasury may regulate it, 176
INDEX.
439
Trade, introductory sketch of, 13
Tranquebar, "JZ'J
Transports, IGO
Transfer of warehoused goods, 206
Translations of docinncnts. See names
of the several articles and places.
Trapani, 27G
Travemunde, 246
Treacle, K. 1 73
Treasury to regulate coasting trade, 176
Treaties. See the names ui' the several
kingdoms and places.
Trees, I. 102
Tregnir, 260
Tremblade, 260
Treport, 260
Treuville, 2n0
Tncot. See Silks.
Trieste, 275
Tnncoinalee, 279
Trinidad, 3 1 1
Triiuty House Lights, duties ou, 178
Tripoli, 304
Troops, 160
Truffles, 141
Truro, 214
Truxillo, 334
Tulle. See Silk.
Tunis, 304
Turbans. See Silk.
Turbots, I. 74
Turk's Islanil, 323
Turkey, 275
Turmerick, I. 141
Turnery, I, 141
Turnsole, 1. 140
Turpentine, I. 141
Turtle. See Fish.
Turtleshell, 1. 140
Tuscany, 275
Twine, 1. 142
Tyneraouth, 214
U.
Uckerinunde, 244
Udbychog, 246
UddevuUa, 241
Ufers, I. 155
Lleaborg, 234
Umea, 241
United States of America. See America,
Upsal, 241
Usquebaugh. See Spirits.
Utensils of war, I. 48. K. 161
— of other sorts, E. 172
Utrecht, 251
V.
Vagrants, 289—291
Valencia, 268
Valetta, 273
Vallery, 260
Valonia, I. 142
Valparaiso, 336
Value of smuggled goods, 32
Valuation of goods upon import, 38
— export, 158
Van Dieman's Land, 298
Vanelloes, 1. 142
Vannes, 260
Varel, 259
Varnish, I. 142
Vases, I. 142
Veendam, 251
Vegesack, 259
Vellum, L 142
Velveret. 1 See Cotton, Linen, and
Velvet. j Sdk.
Venezuela, 333
Venice, 275
Vera C^ruz, 332
Verdigris, L 142
Verjuice, I. 142
Vermicelli, I. 142
Vermilion, 1. 142
Verringen, 251
Vessels. See Ships.
Vestments, 142
Viana, 271
Victual, E. 167
Vigo, 268
Viiiade Conde,271
Villa Nova, 271
Villa Nueva, 268
Villa Viciosa, 268
Vinaroz, 268
Vinegar, I. 142
Virginia, 325
Visigapatam, 278
Vlessingen, 251
Volcano Island, 302
Voyage, deviation of, 176
W.
Waddings, E. 174
Wafers, I. 143
Waggons, Smuggling, 31
Waghorn, Mr., xviii.
Wainscot logs, I. 155
Wales, New South, 294
Walnuts, I. 93
War ships, prize of, how to be deemed
built, 4, utensils of, 48
Warehousing, U. K. 204
— returned goods, 41
— prohibited goods, 5, 205
— ports, 214
— sorts of goods, 204
— having undue possession of, 32
— of special security, 204
— tobacco to be provided, 205
— rent, 205
— opening warehouse when secured un-
der King's lock, without pressence of
officer, 206
— B. P. 322
Warberg, 241
Wasa, 234
Washing balls, I. 143
Waste allowances on warehoused goods,
204.214
Waste Glue, 78
Watches, 1. 143, E. 162
440
INDEX.
Watch cases, K. 106
Water, orange-flower, I. f)8
— strong, I. 123
— for passengers, 24
— of other sorts, 143
VVaterford, 135, 139, 215, 287
Wax, I. 142
Weender, 259
Wefelsfleth, 246
'Weights. See names of the several jilaces
— Foreign, xxxiv.
Welchpool, 315
Weld, I. 144
Wellesley, Province, 279
Werdingborg, 246
Wester Accummersiel, 259
Westerwick, 241
West Barbary. See Barbarj'.
West Indies, British, 311
— Foreign, 324
Westport, 215
Wexford. 139, 215
Whalefins, 144
Whale Fishery, 96, 345
Wheat and wheatmeal, 2, 68
Wheels, E.l 73
Whipcord, I. 144
Whiskey. See Spirits.
Whitby, 214
Whitehaven, 135, 139, 214, 287
Willinmstadt, 251
Wilmington, 325
Windau, 234
Wine import, 2, 144,
— for officers in navy, 174
— regulations concerning Guernsey, Jer-
sey, Alderney,Sark, and Man, 226, 234
— warehoused, 144, 173
— lees. I. 144
Wire, I. 146, 173,174. E. 105
Wisbech, 214
Wisby, 241
Wismar, 205, 259
Woad, I. 140
Wolgast, 244
Women, married, 37
Wood, 1.146
— box. I. 55
— Brazil, I. 55
— braziletto, I. 55
— cedar, I. 59
— ebony, 73
— fustic, I. 76
— Guinea, I. 78
— logwood, 188.
Wood, mahogany, 1,88
— models, I. 91
— olive, I. 98
— red, I. 106
— rosewood, I. 107
— Santa Maria, I. 109
— sapan, I. 109
— speckled, I. 121
— sweet, I. 133
— zebra, 157
— other sorts, I. 140
Wood ashes, I. 49
AVool, duties and reg. on Import, 2, 155
— Goat's, 79, 155, 157
— export of, 174
Woolfels, E. 174
Woolfljcks, E. 174
Woollen manufactures, duties and regu-
lations on import, 157
— export of, 174
Woollen rags, I. 105
Worcum, 251
Works, quoted, xlviii.
Worsted, E. 167, 175
— mixed with silk, E. 167
Wrecks, 13, 72
WuUersum, 246
Wyborg, Denmark, 240
— Russia, 234
Wyck. 246
X.
Xavea, 268
Xicoso, 292
Ximo, 292
Y.
Yards, I. 152
— warehousing, 204
Yarmouth. England, 214, 323
— Nova Scotia, 311, 315
Yarn, I. 157, E. 103, 175
York Factory, 309
Yeh, 280
Ystadt, 241
Yucatan, 324
Z.
Zaardam, 251
Zaffre, I. 157
Zante, 274
Zealand, Denmark, 246
Zealand, New, 299
Zebu, 280
Zebra wood, I. 157
Zierickzee, 251
Zuidbrock, 251
Zwolle, 251
THE END.
London: Piinted by W, Clowes and Sons, Sl;imfoid Street.
THE
YEARLY JOURNAL OF TRADE
ADVERTISEU,
1837-8.
LONDON.
ATLAS ASSURANCE COMPANY,
ESTABLISHED 1808.
Directors,
Sir Thomas Tluton, Bart., Chairman.
J. D. IIusiE, Esq., Deputy Chaiiniau.
The Hon. Sir Courtenay Boyle.
John Oliver Hanson, Esq.
William Laforest, Esq.
Moses Mocatta, Esq.
James AVilliam Ogle, Esq.
Emanuel Pacifico, M.D.
■William George Prescott, Esq.
Joseph Pulley, Esq.
John Peter Rasch, Esq.
John WooUey, Esq.
T IFE Department. — Persons assured for the whole term of Life, in Great
•■-^ Britain or Ireland respectivelj-, will have an addition made to their Policies
every seventh year, or an equivalent reduction will be made in the future payments of
Premium, at the option of the Assiued.
The following Table shows the total Additions made to Policies for £1,000, effected in
London or through an agent in Great Britain, which had been in force for the 14 years
ending 1830.
— ^ T„.„1 \™„ , t „p iAmoiuit that lias beeu
l«^ w.inJT n 1 in added to tl,e Sum 1
o g - Premium p.-iid in assured payable at the*
< 1 E "'" 1-^ >'^^'-^- Parly's death. j
30
40
60
£ s. d.
373 18 4
473 8 4
634 13 4
891 6 8
£
244
278
340
449
j
The next valuation will be made at Christmas, 1837, and Policies effected before that
date will participate in proportion to the time they may then have been in force.
Assurances for short-periods may now be effected in this Office at considerably re-
duced rates of Premium.
Fire Department. — In addition to the benefit of the late Reduction in the Rates of
Premiums, this Company offers to Assurers the advantage of an allowance for the loss
of Rent of Buildings rendered untenantable by Fire.
The Company's Rates and Proposals may be had at the Office in London, or of any of the
Agents in the country, who are authorised to report on the appearance of Lives propo^^**
for Assurance.
HKNRY DESBOROUGII, Secretary.
92, Cheapside, 29th Sept,, 1837.
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER. [1837-8
NATIONAL LOAN FUND
LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY,
69, COUNHILL, LONDON, AND 36, WESTMORLAND STREET, DUBLIN,
Capital £500,000, in 50,000 Shares 0/ £10 each.
TO BE INCORPORATED BY ROYAL CHARTER OR ACT OF PARLIAMENT.
PATRON— HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF SOMERSET, F.R.S.
DIRECTORS.
T. LAMIE MURRAY, Esq,, Chairman.
J. ELLIOTSON, M.D., F.R.S.
C. FAREBROTHER, Esq., Akl.
H. GORDON, Esq.
ROBERT HOLLOND, Esq., M.P.
GEORGE LUNGLEY, Esq.
KENNETH MACKENZIE, Esq.
JOHN RAWSON, Esq.
JOSEPH THOMPSON, Esq.
Auditors.
PROFESSOR RITCHIE, L.L.D., F.R.S., and PROFESSOR WHEATSTONE, F.R.S.
Physician— J. ELLIOTSON, M.D., F.R.S. Surgeon—^. S. SYMES, Esq.
Actuary— W. S. B. WOOLHOUSE, Esq., F.R.A.S. Bankers— Mq&sxs. WRIGHT & CO.
Standing Counsel— \N. MILBOURNE JAMES, Esq. Solicitors— Uqssxs. WEBBER
and BLAND. Secretary— V. FERGUSON CAMROUX, Esq.
T'
^HE CapUfil of this Society is £500,000, in 50,000 Shares of ^10 each;
de})Osit £2 5s. per Share ; Interest payable on deposit half-yearly, January and July,
after the rate of five per cent, per annum. Applications for Shares before closinja; the lists
are received at the Office of the Society, 69, Cornhill, Loudon ; by the Bankers or Solicitors ;
or any of the Accents at the Branches.
Under the following five heads, viz. : — Oujects — Uses — Loan Fund — Bonus — 'End Spe-
cialty— are briefly enumerated the leading principles of this Society: it will be found
the utmost care has been taken to give efficiency to them, holding one great object in
view — viz., to divest the great bulk of Society — those possessed of no certain income — of the
repugnance they have hitherto had to enter upon Life Assurances as a provision for a family,
by converting it also into a means of personal independence and support, and to expound to
that great class — who, for want of better, have hitherto availed themselves of those
useful Institutions, the Savings' Banks — that, combhied with a Life Assurance, the ad-
vantage of a Savings' Bank, and of a Benefit Society is secured to them from the same
source — viz., their earnings — by the plan of this Society.
In considering the principles of this Society under the important heads Uses and Loan
Fund, it will be found in no case will the Assured become a loser : in the event of death,
he has secured an independence to his family, — in the event of misfortune, his previous
prudence has forestalled its worst efTects — and should he require the use of Capital, he
finds a fund at his command — and even is protected against his negligence, as, in the
event of his discontinuing his jiayments, his representatives will, nevertheless, receive,
after five payments, at his death two-thirds of what he has expended.
To the Widow aiul younger CJhihhen, when a Policy becomes a claim in their favour,
a special additional Bonus is given, because to them death is most frequently the greatest
misfurtune : and to this class a stimulus is properly afforded, through the affections, in aid
of a general spirit of prudence.
L Objects of the Society. —
First. — A Life Assurance may be efTecled either by one payment, or by an Annual Pre-
mium, which may be paid monthly if more convenient.
Secondly. — A Life Assurance may be secured by a limited number of payments on a
gradually decreasing (or increasing) scale ; or by Rates of Premium, varying each five or
ten years, and terminable or not at the option of the Assured.
Thirdly. — A Life Assurance may be effected on the Life of another, on Joint Lives, or
Survivorships.
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
Fonrthly. — Annuities immediate, deferred, or contingent, will be granted ; also endowments
for Cliildren.
FiftUhj. — Naval and Military Men not in active foreifjn service Assured without extra
charge, and allowed to go abroad without forfeiture of iiolicy, on payment of au extra
Premium accordiu;; to climate ; Assurances also etiected on the Lives of Residents in the
East and West Indies, and all Foreign Climates.
Sivlhhj. — The Society will receive Money in one or more payments for accumulation,
adding the Interest at the rate of '5 per cent, per annum to the priucipal, and capable of
being withdrawn on tea days' notice being given.
2. UsKS —
The Assured will have the option of converting his Policy, at any time, into the fol-
lowing uses, viz. : —
First. — Into an innnediate payment of its present value.
Secoiid/y. — Into a new Policy, to be received at his death, eq^ual in yalue to his payment
on his original policy.
Third/y. — Into au Annuity eijuivalent in value to his payment on his original Policy.
Fourthly. — into a Security on which he may borrow equal to two-thirds of his payment.
Fifthh/. — In the event of negligence or inabdity to continue the annual premium, by
which his policy woulil become forfeited, his representatives will, nevertheless, receive at
his death two-thirds of his payments after five years from the Society.
3. Loan Fund —
First — The Assured may at any time act upon this Fund as a Cash Credit, upon notice
to the Office or Agent at each Branch of the Society.
Serund/y. — ^The sum borrowed may be for a permanent or temporary period ; hut irregu-
larity in the payment of Interest subjects the Loan to be recalled.
4. Bonus —
First. — Two-thirds of the Profits, estimated annually after the first three or five years,
will be divided amongst those Assured for Life, on a participating scale of the Society,
and the Protits of the CJuarantee Fund, invested in Reversionary and other Interests, will be
estimated in each division.
Secuiidli/. — Each ]{onus, at the oi)tion of the Assured, will be paid in money, or applied
to the reduction of tbe future Piemiums. or an equivalent added to the Policy.
Third/y. — Each Branch will be entitled to a separate Bonus, founded upon a calculation
of its success.
5. Specialty —
When a claim on the Society becomes vested in the Widow or younger Children of
the Assured, a special Bonus will be added to the Policy, on its payment.
The attention of the Directors is unremittingly given to the diffusion of the principles of
this Society throughout each district of the United Kingdom, upon a new plan of local
advantage to tbe Assured ; several Branches are being established, and others are under
consideration. Influential individuals desirous of instituting a Branch of this Society, or
forming themselves into a Committer for that object, by addressing a letter to T. Lamie
MuRKAY, Esq., at the Office of the Society, will meet immediate attention, or, if the
prospects held out are sufficient, will receive a visit for that purpose.
Assurances may be effected at the Rates of Premium as below: limits to travelling, the
whole of Europe by land, and between the Elbe and Tagus by sea.— Policy not rendered
void if the Assured die by duelling ur the hands of justice. — Commission of 5 j)er cent,
on annual Premiums allowed to Solicitors and others recommending business to the Society,
EXTRACT FROM TABLES.
Premium for the Assurance of iflOO for Whole Life
Spccimeu of Decreasing Premiums, terminating iii
20 years, for tlie Assurance of jglOO.
Age.
20
30
40
Without
Profits.
With
Two-tliirds
Prolits.
Without ^^'"*
Age.
Without Profits.
With Profits. 1
'^S^- Profits.
Two-thirds
Profits. :
For First , Remaining
10 years. 1 10 years.
For First
10 years.
Remaining
10 years.
jf. s. ri.i £. s. d.
1 13 7 1 1 17 4
2 4 4 12 9 3
2 18 8 I 3 5 3
£. s. d.
50 4 4 2
CO C 13 G
70 11 1 4
£. s. d.
4 13 G
7 8 4
12 5 11
20
30
40
50
£. s. d.
3 9 2
4 3 0
5 2 7
6 9 1
£. s. d.
1 3 1
1 8 4
1 14 2
2 .1 0
£. s. d.
3 16 10
4 14 C
5 14 0
7 3 5
£. s. d.
1 5 7
1 11 6
1 18 0
2 7 10
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER. [1837-8.
HOPE LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY,
6, Bridge-Street, Blackfriars ; St. Andrews-square, Edinburgh ; and
18, Westmoreland-street, Dublin.
DIRECTORS.
ROBERT WILLIAMS, Esq., Chairman.
JOHN RAMSBOTTOM, Esq., M.P., Deputy Chairman.
JOHN BURNELL, Esq.
JOHN CAPEL, Esq.
JOHN R. DURRANT, Esq.
WILLIAM FORD, Esq.
THOMAS HELPS, Esq.
JOHN HINXMAN, Esq.
Sir SAMUEL J. B. PECHELL,
Bart.
THOMAS PRITCHARD, Esq.
JOSEPH RANKING, Esq.
WILLIAM REECE, Esq.
NEVILE REID, Esq.
GEORGE SCHOLEY, Esq. and
Alderman.
JOHN WARMINGTON, Esq.
A'
SSURERS with this Company are allowed to participate in its Profits,
without incurring any of the liabilities attaching to Societies founded
upon the principle of Mutual Assurance. The distinguishing charac-
teristic of this establishment, and the advantages which it has to offer, are
more particularly enumerated below.
LIFE DEPARTMENT.— Capital, One Million.
1st. A BONUS, consisting of Two-thirds, the Profit of Life Assur-
ance, will be divided septennialiy amongst Assurers for the whole period
of Life, — in proportion to the amount of their Policy, and the term of its
existence.
2nd. Tiie Bonus is cither added to the Policy, to be paid when the
Policy becomes a claim ; or will be applied in the reduction of future
premiums, at the option of the party assured.
3rd. Persons assuring-, who are desirous of paying the annual premium
upon their Policy, for a limited number of years only, rather than during
the whole continuance of life, may be so accommodated — the Directors
having caused a Table of Rates to be calculated expressly for that
purpose.
4th. Persons whose lives are assured by this Company are permitted
to pass by sea from one part of the United Kingdom to another, in decked
vessels, or steam-boats: and are also allowed, during peace, to pass from
British to any foreign port, between the Texel and Brest, both inclusive,
in vessels as before described, without additional charge.
5th. A Guarantee Capital of One Million sterling having been sub-
scribed, Assurers with this Company enjoy a participation in profit, with-
out incurring the liability of loss.
6th. Disputed claims may be referred to arbitration.
7th. No entrance-monej', admission-fee, or other ofllcial ch:irge
exacted.
WILLIAM BURY, Sec.
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
METROrOLlTAiV
LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY,
PRINCES STREET, I3A:SK.
Richard Low BocU, Esq.
John Burgt'ss, Esij.
AVilliauiClay, Esij. M.F.
James Cook, Esc^.
James Dawson, Esq.
Thomas Fowler, Esij.
Fniiicis Fox, Esq.
William J. Lescher, Esq.
J. Francis Maubeit, Esi|.
■Jostqih Fuase, Esq. M.P.
J. Scholetield, Esq. M.P.
John Travel's, Escj.
George Vaughan, Esq.
Dlreclcn.
W. Storrs Fry, Esq.
Robert Grant, Esq.
Thomas II. Hall, Es(j.
B.IIawes, Juii.Esq. M.P.
Ciiarles Ilensley, Esq.
Joseph lioare, Esq.
John Laurence, Escj.
Tnin/ees,
Thomas Fowler, Esq. I IL S3 kes Thornton, Esq.
J. Francis JMaubeit, Esc^. | .luhn Wliitmore, Etq.
Aicdi/urs,
John Allcard, Esq. I John Taylor, Esq.
George Pearce, Esq. | Joseph Travers, Esq.
Superintendent. — Richard Heathfield, Esq.
Bankers, — Messrs. Williams, Deacon, Labouchere, & Co., Birchin-lane.
Siiryeon. — John Scott, Esq., No. 10, New Broad-street.
Soltcitors. — Messrs. Amory and Coles, No. 2,"), Throgmorton-street.
'T'HIS Society was established at the coinrnencement of the year 1833,
having been planned, not lor any private purpose, but with a vieAV of extending the
knowledge and diliusing the advantages of Life Assurance, upon the pure mutual principle.
The benefit and security of this principle had been long imderstood and appreciated by a
limited portion of the community ; but the increased demand for Jjife Assurance evidently
called for its more general introduction. The Directors have accordingly endeavoured to
arrange this mutual contract in such a manner as should be fully calculated to combine
security with economy, and which they submit is best accomplished by applying all the
profits of the Society to the reduction of the annual premium.
To attain this object a table of premiums has been adopted applicable to those who eflf'ect
Assurances on their own lives for the whole term thereof, and to continue in force until five
annual premiums shall have been paid ; — experience showing that the subsequent payments
will admit of a considerable annual reduction for the remaining term of life. To render
that reduction as large as may be possible, every eflort of the Society is directed.
It is however contended, on the part of Assurance Companies established on the basis
of a proprietar)', with a subscribed capital, that the guarantee of such a body is necessary
to the security of the Assured. This being the only point at issue between the Mutual
and the Proprietary Companies, some further exposition of the merits of the question may
be useful, and it is to be recollected that the Public, and not the respective Companies, are
the parties chiefly ihHerested ; the question being, how an individual may most advanta-
geously and desirably protect himself and fainilj', in contracting for a reversion, payable on
the contingency of his death.
The experience of the Equitable and other Life Societies, founded on the mutual princi-
ple, fully establishes the sutiiciency of the ordinary tabular rates of premium, not only to
constitute an adequate fund for the payment in full of the sums assured, but to produce a
very large surplus for division amongst the Assured; and it is (or those who set apart their
funds for the assurance of their lives to determine between the two classes of Offices; —
Offices which divert the whole or some part of the profits to a body of Proprietors, as the
price of their guarantee, and Offices which appropriate the entire funds to the use of those
who contribute them.
The calculations of the risk of human life are founded on a great range of experience,
and the Directors of tlie Metropolitan Life Assurance Society look forward, with entire con-
fidence, to the announcement to its Members of a large abatement of the stipulated premium
upon the sixth and following annual payments becoming due. This expectation rests oa
the broad foundation of the experience of all the other established offices, and which, so
.far as time admits, is sanctioned by the actual accumulations of this office.
The rate of the abatement will be deduced from accurate data, the results of which will
be stated annually and laid before the i\Iembers in a clear and intelligible form, placing
beyoud doubt the solidity of the Society, and at the same time jieldiug to the Assured all
c
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
file advantages to be derived from the careful and attentive management of their funds,
— no part of which is expended in commission to agents or other parties introducing
business.
Having adopted the principle of mutuality as the basis of the Society, they are desirous
of supporting and illustrating that principle to the utmost extent of the advantage it can be
brought to atf'ord to the Assured. They are not aware that any improvement can be made
in the plan upon which they are acting for that purpose ; and tliey trust to tlie merits of
the Society for the increase of its business, confining their efforts, in this last respect, to the
single object of making the institution more generally known, under the persuasion that, in
communicating a knowledge of its ])lan, they are performing an acceptable social service ;
particularly as regards families in the upper and middle classes of life.
Tables of the rates may be had on application at the Office, where attendance is given
from 10 to 4 daily, and where proposals of Assurances are received for any sum from £50 to
£5000. A Court of Directors is held every Wednesday from 1 to 2 o'clock ; but Assurances
may be effected at any other time, if required.
YORK and NORTH OF ENGLAND ASSURANCE OFFICE, King
-*- William Street, City.
DIRECTORS.
Gieo. Fredk. Young, Esq., M.P., Chairman.
Matthew Forster, Esq., Deputy Chairman.
Alex. Bannerman, Esq. M.P.
J. W. Childers, Esq. M.P.
Sir James Eyre, M.D.
William Haigh, Esq.
J. Bulkeley Johnson, Esq.
Fire or Life Assurance on the lowest terms consistent with mutual security. — No charge
for Fire Policies.^Prospectuses may be had at the Offices in London ox York, or of any of
the Agents.
Thos. H. Kerfoot, Esq.
John Norbury, Esq.
John Parker, Esq. M.P.
Edward T. Whitaker, Esq.
STANDARD OF ENGLAND LIFE ASSURANCE,
REVERSIONARY INTEREST AND ANNUITY COMPANY,
8, KING WILLIAM STREET, CITY ; and 23, REGENT STREET, LONDON.
Capital, One Million.
DIRECTORS.
William Davis, Esq., Chairman.
Lawrence Dorgan, Esq.
William Gunston, Esq.
Col. Christopher Hodgson.
Henry Lawson, Esq.
W^m. Cory, Esq., Deputy Chairman.
John Barrett Lennard, Esq.
William J. Richardson, Esq.
J'rederick Thos. West, Esq.
George Whitehead, Esq.
Auditors.
George Barclay, Esq. Robert Meacock, Esq.
William Ayscough Wilkinson, Esq.
Medical Officers.
Francis Henry Ramsbotham, M.D., 14, New Broad Street, London.
Thomas Wormald, Esq., Surgeon, 42, Bedford Row, London.
John Propert, Esq., Surgeon, 9, New Cavendish Street, London.
ADVANTAGES of this INSTITUTION. Much lower Rates of Pre-
mium than those of any other Office. Hence an immediate and certain Bonus is
given to the Assured (as may be seen by reference to the annexed Scale), instead of the
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
remote and contingent advantage otiered by some Comiiaiiies of a jwrticijuition in their
PfoHls.
UnqiK'stionable Security to Policy-holders afiinded by means of a Projjrietary Capital
of One Million, consisting of Shares, on each of which the full amount siib>cril)ed for is
actually paid up.
Increasing Rates of Prcniiuni, peculiarly advantiigeuus in cases where Assurances ar"-'
effected by way of securing Loans or l)el)ts.
.'\ge of the ASsul-ed in cvfery case admitted in the Policy. I'rompt Settleiiicnt of Claims,
without dispute or litigation.
Liberal Commissions are allowed to Solicitors and Ayents.
TABLES OF RATES.
INCREASING RATES OF PREMIUM.
TWENTY YEAKS' SCALi;.
Tal)le of Annual Premiums rc([uircd for tlie Assurance of £100 for the whole term of any
single Life:— the rate increasing, in each case, by one-fourth part of its original amoiuit,
at the end of every fifth year, until the twentieth inclusive, after which period a fixed
Annual Premium will be payable during the remainder of life.
Age.
Annual Premium payable during 1
First Five
Second Five | Third Five
Fourth Five I
Remaindei-
Years.
Years.
Years.
Years
of Life.
£ s. d.
X- s. d.
£ s. d.
C ,<^.
d.
£ s. d.
15
0 IB 0
1 2 G
1 7 0
I li
G
I 16 0
20
1 0 4
1 5 b
1 lU G
1 15
7
2 0 8
2,-.
1 3 0
1 8 9
1 14 G
2 0
3
2 G 0
30
1 6 4
1 12 11
1 19 G
2 G
1
2 12 8
3^
1 11 0
1 18 9
2 6 G
2 14
o
3 2 0
40
i 16 8
2 5 10
2 15 0
3 4
2
3 13 4
45
2 5 4
2 ib 8
3 8 0
3 10
4
4 lo 8
50
2 17 0
3 113
4 5 G
4 19
9
5 14 0
The Plan of this Institution guarantees lo the Assured a ceutain bonus of greater amount
than any other Life OtHce in the United Kingdom.
Scale of Premiums usually retpiired by Officos dividing Profits among the Assured;
showing the certain and immediate Bonuses granted at different Ages by the Sianuauu
OK Enui.anu CunrANY.
1
Sum Assured for this Premium.
C-'erlain and imme-
diate bonus granted
by the Standaku
Age. j
Annual
Premium.
In Offices
In SxANDAiiD
dividing Profits.
01- EiN GLAND.
OF England.
£ 6-. d.
£
c
£
15
19 .-i 10
1000
1417
417
20
32 13 p
I'M)
2113
613
25
48 1 8
2000
2761
761
30
66 15 5
2500
3374
874
35
89 15 0
3000
3945
945
40
118 17 1
3500
4450
950
45
155 16 8
4000
4864
864
50
226 13 4
5000
5763
763
By Order of the Board.
WILLIAM WRIGHT, Secretary.
8
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
Robert Eglinton, Es(|.
James Fuster, Esq.
Erasmus Robert Foster, Esq.
Alex. Robert Irvine, Esq.
Peter Morrison, Esq.
Henry Lewis Smale, Esq.
Thomas Teed, Esq.
Andrew Jopp, Esq.
BRITANNIA LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY.
No. 1, Prince's Street, Bank, London.
CAPITAL, ONE MILLION.
Directors.
William Barugett,Esq.
Siimuel Bevington, Ksq.
William Feehney Black, Esq.
.Tohn Brightmau, Esq.
George Cohen, Esq.
Millis Coventry, Esq.
John Drewett, Esq.
Auditors.
Edward Bevau, Esq. |
Medical Officers.
John Sims, M.U., Cavendish Square. — Ebenezer Smith, Esq., Surgeon, Billiter Square.
Standing Council. — The Hon, John Ashley, New Square, Lincoln's-Imi.
Solicitor. — William Beven, Esq., Old Jewry.
Bankers. — Messrs Drewett and Fowler, Prince's Street, Bank.
THIS Institution is so constituted as to afford the benefits of Life Assur-
ance in their fullest extent to Policy holders, and to present greater facilities and
accommodation than can be obtained in any similar establishment. Among others, the
following improvements on the system usually adopted are recommended to the atten-
tion of the public.
An ample subscribed capital, invested in such a manner as always to be immediately
availablewhen the claims by deaths arise.
A most economical set of Tables — computed expressly for the use of this Institution,
from authentic and complete data, — and (with two exceptions only) presenting lower
rates of premium than any hitherto offered.
A Table of increasing rates of Premium on a new and remarkable plan, peculiarly
advantageous in cases where Assurances are efiected, by way of securing loans or debts, a
less immediate payment being reqviired on a policy for the whole term of life than in any
other office ; and the holder having the option of paying a periodically increasing rate,
or of having the sum assured diminished according to an equitable scale of reduction.
A Board of Directors and Medical Officers in attendance daily at the office, at 2 o'clock.
Assurances completed and policies delivered within a few hours. References to medical
attendants not required when the state of health is unexceptionable ; but whenever references
are required, the medical attendant of the patty consulted on behalf, and at the expense,
of the Company.
Females and others, to whom it may be inconvenient to appear at the office, visited
at their own houses by one of the medical officers.
Policies efiected by persons on their own lives not rendered void in case of death liy
duelling or the hands of justice. In the event of suicide, if the policy be assigni'd to a
bona tide creditor, the sum assured paid without deduction — if nut so assigned, the full
amount of premiums returned to the family of the assured.
Policies revived without the exaction uf a fine within twelve months, on the production
of satisfactory evidence as to liealth, and payment of interest on the premiums due.
Age of the Assured in every case admitted in the Policy.
All claims payable within one month alter proof of death.
A liberal commission allowed to solicitors and agents.
Extract from Increasing Rates nf Premium for an Assurance of £100 far
J V hole Term of Life.
Annual Premium payable during 1
Age.
First five
years.
Second five
years.
Third five
years.
Fourth five
years.
Remainder
of life.
£ «. d.
20 1 1 4
30 1 6 4
40 1 16 1
50 2 16 7
£ s. d.
1 5 10
1 12 2
2 4 4
3 9 4
£ s. d.
1 10 11
1 19 1
2 14 6
4 5 5
£ s. d.
1 16 9
2 7 4
3 7 3
5 6 3
£ s. d.
2 3 8
2 17 0
4 3 4
6 13 7
PETER MORRISON, Resident Director,
1837-8.] JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER. 9
KEW WORKS PRINTED FOR LONGMAN, ORME, AND CO.
1.
A new eilition,, corrected ami improved, iu one close!}' and bciuilifully printed 8vo. volume,
contiiiuiii'j nearly 1400 pages, fjOs. lialf-boiind in vellum,
AD r C T I O N A R V, PRACTICAL, THEORETICAL, and
HISTORICAL, of COMMERCE and COMMERCIAL ^.'AVIGATION.
By J. R. M'CuM.ocii, Esq.
Illustrated with Maps and Plans; with a new and enlarged Supplement to December 1836.
The Supplement may be had separately, price 7a. GU.
2.
STEEL'S SHIP-MASTERS ASSISTANT,
and OWNER'S MANUAL;
Containing General and Legal Information necessary for Owners and Masters of Ships,
Ship-brukeis, Pilots, and other jiersons connected witli the Merchant Service. New Edition,
newly arranged, and corrected to 1830 (containing the New Customs Laws, &c.) by
J. Si iKEMAN, Custom-House Agent. With Tables of Weights, Measures, Monies, &c, by
Dr. Ki;li,v. 1 large and closely-printed vol. ^Is. bds. ; 22s, 6d. bd.
3.
The HISTORY and PRINCIPLES of BANKING.
By J. W. GiLBVkT. Tliird Edition, enlarged, 8vo. 'J*-.
This book may be considered as a Grammar of Banking. The general reader may here
acipiire a competent knowledge of most of the facts and principles connected with the
subject.
4.
ELEMENTS OF PRACTICAL BOOK-KEEPING,
BY" SINGLE AND DOUBLE ENTRY;
According to present Practice. By J. MoiuiisoN. A new Edit., improved, 8i. half-bound.
5.
MORRISON'S SETS OF BLANK BOOKS,
Ruled to correspond with the Four Sets contained in the work above.
By the same Author,
A CONCISE SYSTEM OF COMMERCIAL ARITHMETIC.
New Edition, 44-. 6(/. boinid. KEY. 6a'. bound.
6.
ENCYCLOPAEDIA OF GEOGRAPHY;
Compiising a complete description of the Earth; exhibiting its relation to the Heavenly
Bodies, its Pliysical Structure, the Natural History of each Country, and the Industry,
Commerce, Political Institutions, and Civil and Social State of all Nations.
By Hugh Mukkay, F.R.S.E. Assisted iu
AsTKONOMY, &c. by Prof. Wallace. I Botanv, &c. by Sir W. J. Hooker.
Geologv, iVc. by Prof. Jameson. | Zoology, &c. by W. Swainson, Esq.
With 82 Maps, drawn by Sidney Hall, and upwaids of 1000 other Engravings on Wood,
from Drawings by Swainson,T. Landseer.Sowerby, &e., representing the most remarkable
objects of Nature and Art in every region of the Globe.
1 vol. 8vo. pp. 1579, price 3/. half-bound vellum.
" It is witliout a rival," — Jsiatic Journal. \ " The most jievfect book ou its subject." — Alias,
7.
NEW GENERAL ATLAS OF FIFTY-THREE MAPS,
AVith the Divisions and Boundaries carefully coloured.
Constructed entirely from New Drawings, and engraved by Sidney Hall,
Folded in half, and boiuid in canvas £S 18 G
Ditto, half-bound in Russia 9 9 0
In the full extended size of the Maj^s, half-buund in Russia . 10 0 0
Alphabetical Iniiex of all the Names contained in the above Atlas, with references to the
Number of the Maps, and to the Latitude and Longitude in which the places are to be
found. Royal 8vo. 21*. cloth.
\YOOD and BARRETT beg to recommend their I'ATEN 1' SELF-ACTING
OVKN and BOILER KITCHEN-RANGES, without a Flue, equally suited for Uie Cottage or Palice
having sold 5000 by recommendation only. Also, to their IMPROVED BROILING STOVE, ifoT PLATE
U". and B. being Ironfounders, Manmfacturers, and Retailers, are able to execute airOrdors, which in tasfc
quality, economy, and despatch, cannot fail o( giving Batiifaction. '
Kanqe and Stove Manufactory, 247, Tottenham-Coubt-Road, near Oxfobd-Stbkkt, Lonbor.
Reform your Tailors' Bills I !|
NoBiEMEN aud Glntlemen visiting the Show-Rooms and inspecting the
IMMENSE STOCK OF FIRST - QUALITY GOODS,
AT THE
A
^ Will prove that
'1
are to be .*
as
49, LO:\IBAKD-STREET,
GOOU Fit, €}OOI> Quality, and €JOOI> Taste,
obt.iined at Vstpapalielocl Jjow IP'fi'ices! 2
Suit of bestQuality, Kew Colors & Patteri^s, £3 12 6. «
Superfine Dress Co.it 2 76*
Lxtra luijierial Saxouy, the best ^
that is made '. 2 15 0 ■
Supprfiiie Frock Coat, Silk facings, 2 10 0 •
Cloth or Cass. Trousers, 17s fid. to 1 b 0 t*
Beautiful patterns, Summer Trou- 9i
sers, 10s, Cd per pair, or 3 pair for 1 10 0 9
NewSummerAV aistcoats,7s.;oi 3 — 1 0 0 Ik
Splendid Silk Valencia Uress
Waistcoats, 10s. fijd. each,or3for 1 10 0
I\iorning Coats and iJressiiig Gowns, 15 0
Petersham Gicat Coats, bound,
and Silk Velvet Collar 2 20
Camlet Cloaks, lined all through, 110
Clolh Opera Cloaks 1 15 0 -
Spanish Cloaks, a complete circle S
ot nine and a half yards 3 30 Q
rootman's Suit of Liv«-ies, best j
Cloth 330^^
CloUi and Tweed Fisjiing or Travel. j^
ling Trousers, l3s. 6d, per pair. Oi
'^
CONTRACTS BY THE YEAR, ori- •>
finally introduced by E. V. D. K
aiid SON, Laving gained them such Q
Unequalled Fame — their Prices aj
being the LotveSt ever of-
fered— they still recommend it to «^
every Gentleman to whom ECONOIVIY
and REGULARITY are ol.jecls, ^
Two Suits per year, Superfine .... 7 7 0 Eg
ExtraSaxony, thebestthatismade 8 6 0^
Three Suits per year 10 17 0 S
lixtra Saxony, the best that is made, 12 5 oH
Four Suits per \car 14 6 0^
Extra Saxony ' dit>" IS 18 0^
BEST & CHEAPEST HOUSE FOR BOYS'"'' CLOTHINQ.^
i^JM ^^^Skeleton Dresses, 18s. | Tunic & Hussar Suits, 308. | Camlet Cloaks, 8s. 6d. | Cloth do., 15s.6d. •'
1^^^ Merchants requiring large Quantities, and Gentlemen and Officers going Abwad, will find
i 4gF 9 Lombard-ste the Cheapest House in !l«oi&dou l^
PLATE.
A. B. SAVORY and SONS, Manufacturing Silversmiths,
No. 14, CORNHILL, opposite the Bank, LONDON.
SILVER SPOONS AND FORKS.
The best wrnught Fiddle Pattern 7s-
ThefoUo^vingaro tliowciShts in general use,
FIDDLE PATTERN, oz. B. d.
1 doz. Table Spoons S0at7 2 .
1 doz. Dessert Spoons 20 7 2.
1 doz. Table Forks 30 7 2.
1 doz. Dessert ditto 20 7 2.
2 Gravy Spoons 10 7 2.
1 Soup Ladle 10 ~
4 Sauce ditto 10
4 Salt ditto (strong gilt)
1 Fish Slice
1 doz. Tea Spoons 10 at 7
1 pair Sugar Tongs ,
2d. peroz. I King's Pattern ;.. 7s. 4d.
but the Articleemay be bud lighter or heavier at the same |
per
£ s. d.
..10 1,) 0
..7 3 4.
7 8
0 15 0
7 3 4
3 11 it
3 118
3 If) 8
1 0 0
2 10 0
3 If) 0
0 1.5 0
Set of Fiddle Pattern. ..£54 18 4
KINO'S I'ATTEliN. oz. s. d
1 doz. Table Spoons 4(lat7 4
1 doz. Dessert ditto 26 7 4
1 doz. Table Forks 40
] do/,. Dessert ditto 2G
2 Gravy Spoons 12
1 Soup Ladle 12
4 Sauce ditto 12
4 Salt ditto (strong gilt)
1 Fish Slice
1 doz. Tea Spoons 14 at 7 10
1 pair Sugar Tongs
£ 8. d.
■I 13 .i
.') 10 0
4 L". 4
.') 10 «
4 n 0
4 8 0
4 14 0
2 2 0
3 5 0
5 9 8)
1 5 0
Set of King's Pattern. ..£73 19 8
SILVER TEA AND COFFEE SERVICES.
COTTAGE PATTERN.
oz. £
Silver Tea Pot with fancy flower... 23 J... 12
" Sugar Basin, gilt inside 12^... 6
" Milk Ewer, ditto 8|... 4
" Coffee Pot 29 ...15
The Set complete £38
B. d.
0 0
16 0
10 0
0 0
6 0
MELON TAtTEUN.
oz. £ s. d.
Silver Tea Pot, fancy ornari^eht ...24 ...12 6 0
" Sugar Hasiri, gilt inside \2 ... 7 2 0
" Milk Ewer, dUio 81... 4 18 0
" ColTee Pot 29 ...1.1 (J 6
The Set complete £39 l2 6
RICHLY CHASED KINGS PATTERN.
i oz.
i SilverTea Pot, with fancy flower 25
I " Sugar Basin, gilt inside ... 14
" Cream Ewer, ditto 10
" Coifee Pot 30
0 «
10 0
10 0
0 0
The Set completo £40 0 0
rOUQUET paItern.
oz. £
SilverTea Pot, with fancy flower 22 ... 13
" Sugar liasin, gilt inside ... 12|... 8
" Cream Ewer, ditto 9|... 6
" Coffee Pot 26i... 16
The Set complete £44
6. d.
4 0
0 0
C 0
11 0
1 0
ROUND SILVER WAITERS.
PLAIN, WITH SHELL BORDERS.
oz. 8. d. £ s. d.
Silver Waiter, 8 ins. diameter, 12nt9 0...5 8 0
Ditto 10 ditto 20 9 0...9 0 0
Ditto 15 ditto 42 9 0..I8 18 0
Ditto 20 ditto 124 9 0..55 IG 0
RICHLY CHASED, WITH SHELL BORDERS,
oz. s. d. £ s. d.
ilinmetcr, 12 at 9 6... 5 l4 0
ditto 20 9 6. ..9 10 0
ditto 42 9 6..19 19 0
ditto 124 9 6..58 18 9
Silver ^Vait^'^, 8 in
Ditto 10
Ditto 15
Ditto 20
SHEFFIELD FLATED GOODS.
A decided advantige is offt-red in submitting an extensive asBortment of Silver-mounted Sheffield
Plate for inspection. The First and Second Floors have been fitted up as Show-rooms, where an ex t»n-
Hve choice of every Article may be selected.
12
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
TEA WAREHOUSE, 90, Holborn-hill.
AN UNADULTERATED AR-
TICLE of the best descriiition and
unusually moderate charge, consefjueiit
upon extensive dealinjj^, are the principles
upon wliich this Establishment is coiidiicttd,
and the (general quality of our Teas and
Coffees have led to that repute which we
have so anxiously and zealously endea-
voured to obtain. Large or small Chests of
Teas supplied at a trifling per ceutage up.on
the original cost. Particularly choice Teas,
in lead packages of one pound and up^yilrds,
forwarded to all parts of the Town or Coun-
try, for Cash only.
WILLIAM DAVIS AND CO., Pro-
prietors.
CARPET WAREHOUSE, Established 180?.
V
THOMAS DANKS and SON,
CARPET, HEARTH RUG, FLOOR
CLOTH, and BEDDING MANUFAC-
TURERS, Wholesale and Retail, 98, Hat-
ton Garden, London, have constantly on
sale a most extensive assortment of articles
adapted to the particular use of Coach-
makers ; consistmg of the new Taberet
Car()et for lining and welting gigs, &c. ;
handsome figured Centres and Borders for
carriages ; Brussels, with small rosette or
dog's-ibot, and other patterns ; and plain
Brussels, in various colours for coach and
omnibus seals and linings ; plain and figured
SilkTaberets, Lustrings, and False Linings ;
Gig Floor-cloths, Carriage-rugs, Twines,
&c.
Axminster, Wilton, Turkey, and Brussels
Carpets and Rugs ; Kidderminster, Damask,
and Plaid Venetians ; Stair Carpets, Rods,
&c. ; Bordered Floor-cluths ; and in the
piece, eight yards wide, Druggets, Crumb
Cloths, and Stair Hollands.
Wool Rugs and Door Mats of every de-
scription.
RHOVENDEN, Mcuiufacliirino-
• Perfumer and Wholesale Ornamental
Hair Manufacturer, 57, (Irown-street, Fins-
bury-scpiare, London. — The increased de-
mand for MANUFACTURED HAIR for
Foreign Markets has induced R. H. to keep
a Stock of Wigs, Fronts, Ban-ls, Ringlets,
and every Article connected Avith the Orna-
mental Hair Trade.
Catalogues, with particulars and cash
Prices, forwarded upou application.^
COLLECTION of ORNAMENTS at
AUSTIN'S
ARTIFICIAL STONE WORKS,
NEW KOAD, REGENT'S PARK, LONDON,
(Nearly opposite Trinity Churcli.)
T^OR Gardens, Parks, and Pleasure-
•*- Grounds, and for every style of build-
ing ; consisting of Vases, Tazzas, and Foun-
tains, ornamental Fish-ponds, Flower-pots,
Mignonette-boxes, &c. ; Globe and other
Sun-dials ; Figures from the Antique ; Busts
of eminent Men, Lions, the Dog of Alci-
biades, and other Sea-horses ; Sphinxes,
Dolphins, Eagles, Storks, &c. &c.
A great assortment of the newly-altered
Royal Arms ; Ornamental Porticos, Church
Fonts, Tombs, Monuments, &c.
Gothic, Elizabethan, old English, Grecian,
and Italian Chimneys ; Columns, Capitals ;
Caryatidee, Teruiini ; Mouldings, Panels,
Windows, Balusters, Pedestals, Brackets,
Trusses, Flowers, Grotesque Heads, Finials,
Pinnacles, Gable Ornaments, Parapets,
Copings, and an endless variety of other Ar-
ticles connected with every Style of Building.
The superiority of Austui's Arlificial Stone
is now so firmly established, thiit the most
eminent Architects and scientific Gentlemen
have expressed, in the highest terms, their
approbation of its durability and close re-
semblance to the real Stone.
Specimens may be seen at the Gallery of
Arts, Lowther Arcade ; National Gallery,
Leicester-square ; Pantheon Bazaar Cuiisui-
vatorj', and Portico to Queen's Bazaar,
Oxford-slreet ; Colosseum and Zoological-
gardens, Regent's-park ; Surrey Zoological-
gardens ; and at many of the Noblemen and
Gentlemen's Seats throughout the Kingdom.
PUBLI« CAUTION— BEWARE OF
IMITATIONS!
THAT truly Excellent MEDI-
CINE, known as the Original MO-
RISON'S PILLS, as compounded by the
late Mr. Moat, is now prepared only by
SALMON and HALL, No. ti, Fairmgdou-
street, London, who are the sole Proprie-
tors ; and the only distinctive mark of the
genuine article is the Signature of Mr. Sal-
mon, the " Hygeist," upon the Government
Stamp, in a fac-simile of his hand-writing.
All others, let whatever will appear on the
stamp or label, are l)ase Counterfeits. The
Public is therefore cautioned to observe the
above, as the only means of protecting
themselves from Fraud, and benefiting their
Health.
All persons who are vending any other
Medicine, as the true and Original MORI-
SON'S PILLS, are at once injuring them-
selves as well as the Public.
**'■' Agents will be appointed, upon appli-
cation, for any town or village in England,
where there is not one established j also for
any part abroad.
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
13
FOR the PRESERVATION of
LIFE and P ROPKRTY,
J, 11 K A D, havinp^ witiiL'sscd the awful
effects of the late Fires, l)j' v.hioh so man}'
Lives liiive heen lost, hi-^s leave to inform
the Public tluit he h>is invenle.l a N K W
MACIIINK, or FIRK ESCAPE, which
may he kept in a closet or hed-room, and
fixed in any window of a house in one
minute. A Ba>^ is attachtd to the ahove,
by which invalids, females, or children, ma}'
he safely let down liy one person inside.
Tluis, a master or father may rescue his
wliole family, and afterwards descend him-
self, with the greatest ease. Jiooks, or
other valuahle property, may be saved by
the same means, if time permit.
J. R. has also invented a SMALL FIRE-
ENGIN'E, which is so portable that it may
be kept in a hall, passage, or staircase ; tlie
valves of which, being never out of repair,
would be ready to act in an instant. The
above is well adapted for all Horticultural
piu poses, which the Patentee can warrant,
from 31 years' practice in the ahove science.
Also, Fire-Engiues of any jiower or dimen-
sions (to order), from a single arm to the
most powerful Engines in the kingdom.
The ahove are manufactured ONLY by
the Patentee, 3:>, Regent-circus, Piccadilly,
where they may be seen and proved.
FOR EXPORTATION.—
Merchants, Oaptains, an<l Otliers
may he supjilied with SODA ;itid SEID-
LltZ l-'OWDKRSof the very best Quality,
on the following Terms, for ("asli only, viz.:
SouA Pt)wuEus, in Boxes, C>s. Cul. per doz.
Boxes, or 3/. ]2s. per gross.
Ditto in Bottles an<l Cases, '2/. 8*. per
doz. Cases, or 27/. per gross.
SEiDi.n'z PownEus, in Boxes, 'Js. Cil. per
doz. Boxes, or ;'>/. ](),?. per gross.
Ditto in Bottles and Cases, 3/. l'2s. per
doz. Cases, or 42/. per gross.
By E. PALM E R, Chemist,
103, Newgate-street, London.
N. B. — Medicine Chests fitted up for all
Climates.
ELECTRO-MAGNETICAL, CHEMI-
CAL, and PHILOSOPHICAL APPARA-
TUS of every Description, and Pure Che-
mical Tests manufactured on the Premises,
and sold, on moderate terms, by E. PAL-
MER, 11)3, Newgate-street, London. — Also,
CHEMICAL IISSTRUCTION CHESTS,
for Elucidating the First Principles of the
Science.— ELECTRO-MAGNETIC EN-
GINES of every Description, for Experi-
mental Purposes, made to Order, and adapt-
ed to Machinery.
N. B. — Orders for Exportation, and for
Lectiu-ers and Scientitic Institutions, exe-
cuted with despatch, and on liberal terms.
'PARNSHAW'S SUPERIOR CHRONOMETERS, Embracins; all
-^^ his late Improvements, the Great Accuracy of the Performance of which, his having
been honoured with Government Reward, agreeably to Act of Parliament, and the following
Certificate, will sufficiently testify: —
CHRONOMETER 1024, BY EARNSHAW.
"Tliis Clirouometer, an account of the going of which, will be fimml in my publication, was the standard
and best going Chronometer of the 13 (by different makers) wliicli were on board the Isabella and Alex-
ander, on the voyage of discovery to the Arctic llegions, — since which it lias been a voyage to India in the
Providence, East Indiaman, and returned without altering its rate in either climate.
(Signed) " Jno. Ross, Captain, R.N."
It has been generally supposed (an idea which has been encouraged by the inexpe-
rienced part of the trade) that the Chronometer was calculated only for Nautical purposes
and not .idapted for the Pocket. T. 'E.^rnshaw begs to assure the Public from Ids Practical
Knowledge of the Princijile, as well as from the Experience afforded by the great number
he has made for personal use, that, with the recent Improvennents, which are exclusively his
own, he is warr.anted in offering it as the most accurate timekeeper for pocket wear, — and
for greater convenience, or where circumstances require it, he has constructed one suitable
for Pocket use, which will g oeight days without winding,
T. E. has the honour to invite attention to his Improvements in the DUPLEX and
DETACHED LEVER ESCAPEMENTS ; and from his immense practice and close appli-
cation to the Mechanical Parts, — hut more particularly to the Scientific Construction, with-
out whiclt no true jierformance can be ensured, — he is enabled to supply better and
cheaper WATCHES than can be obtained from among tliose manufactured in the General
Trade or for dealers.
All Watches piuchased from him being made upon the premises, and under his imme-
diate Direction and Inspection, the Public will derive advantages not to he obtained else-
where.
Repeating Works combined with either of the ahove principles without at all interfering
with their regularity.
Clocks for Ordinary and Astronomical Purposes upon the principle of the celebrated one
of T. E."s make at the Armagh Observatory.
Thom.\s Eaunsuaw, No. ll'J, Highllolborn, Loudjn.
14
JOURNAL OP TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
rPARLINGS METALLIC INK FOR STEEL OR QUILL PENS.
WARRANTED TO KEEP GOOD IN ANY CLIMATE.
Remarks.
" TARLING'S METALLIC INK. — The chief objection to that useful iuvention the
steel lien is. that the Ink does not flow so freely as from the quill, — in other respects it must
l)e admitted that it possesses superior advantages. To obviate tliis defect, Mr. Taulinq
has prepared an Ink which we have made trial of, both for writing and drawing, and the
result is liii^^hly satisfactory. It flows perfectly free while a drop remains in the pen, and
when dry it is beautifully black and indelible." — Cuiirl Journal, Aug. Ydth, 1835.
'' We can confidently recommend this ink to our readers." — iSlews, Julij \7th, 1836.
" We can recommend this excellent ink to the notice of our readers ; it flows freely from
the pen, either steel or quill, and is of a beautiful black colour, far preferable to the blue
fluids in general use. Wo speaji from experience, for we use no other." — Agriculturist,
Sept. 17 th, 1836.
'' TARLING'S metallic JNK for steel pens.— The decided superiority of
this l)eautiful black ink over all others that we have made trial of, may be known from the
followini"- facts : it flows freely from the pen while a single drop remains, and does not cor-
rode the' steel : the colour is a lustrous black, and it is indelible. These are advantages
which will render the use of pale blue fluids no longer necessary for the steel pen." —
Church of England Fmnili/ Newspaper, Jem. 28th, 1837.
" TARLING'S metallic INK. — This is indeed a valuable preparation, and one
trial win prove its decided superiority over all the blue fluids or dye at present in use, which
are scarcely legible when applied to paper. Tarling's ink is of a rich black colour; it flows
freely from the steel pen, and does not coagulate like the generality of black ink at present
in use." — Weekly Chronicle, Jan. 'I'Jth, 1837.
Draft, Red, and Marking Inks for Linen, &c.
Sold by most respectable Stationers, in Town and Country, in bottles, 6d., Is., and 2s.
each. Prepared only by H. J. Tailing, 28, St. John-street, Clerkenwell, Loudon.
EI. B. a liberal allowance to Merchants and Captains.
TAMES CLARK, SACK and
*^ BAG Manufacturer. No. 24, Old Change,
St. Paul's, London. — Flour, Com, Bran, and
Coal Sacks; Seed and Packing Bags of
every description ; Tilts for Waggons and
Carts, Stack Cloths, Sack and Bean Tyers,
Russia Mats, Cord, Twine, &c., on as rea-
sonable terms as any house in London, ior
ready money. — J. C. flatters himself that
cash buyers will find it very advantageous
to send him their orders, whether consumers
or in the trade, as he does not intend to
put on any extra profit for travelling ex-
penses or loss in trade, there being now
shipping orders executed to any extent,
upon the lowest terms for cash payments.
HER MAJESTY'S ROYAL
LETTERS PATENT have been
granted to Mr. COLES, of Charing-cross,
ibr an improved Carriage for Rail-roads.
Mr. Coles has contrived to place two fric-
tion-wheels over the axle, which carries the
entire weight of the body of the carriage
and passengers, and which goes once round
only, while the wheels on the rail revolve
fifty times.
Mr. COLES is already well known to the
world, from his novel and effi^ctual mode
of curing ruptures and rheumatism.
T ADIES' BEST GOLD matted
•*:-' C H A I N S.— The weight is kino
given by comparison with the jixtern
weightofSovereigus, beingmore
easily rei»rred to than if stated
in ounca: and dwt3. Thequality
of the gold is warranted equal to
any that is worked into articles
of this description.
PBICBS OF THE CABLE & MATTED
RING PATTERNS.
Same weight as 3 sovs. £4 4 0
Ditto as 4 sovs. 5 5 0
Ditto as 5 sovs. 6 6 0
Ditto as 6 sovs. 7 7 0
Ditto as 7 sovs. 8 8 0
Ditto as 8 sovs. 9 9 0
The above Patterns, with bright
star ornaments on every link.
Same weight as 3 sovs. £5 5 0
I Ditto as 4 sovs. 6 6 0
Ditto aa 5 sovs. 7 7 0
Ditto as 6 sovs. 8 8 0
Ditto as 7 sovs. 9 9 0
Ditto as 8 sovs. 10 10 0
NEW FLAT GOLD WATCHES.
VEETICAL CONSTEllCTION.
The price, in gold c.-ises,
with well finished
movements,warranted£7 7 0
HORIZONTAL CONSTRUCTION.
The price, with accu-
rately finished move-
ments, in double-bot-
tomed engine-turned
cases, jewelled, with
silver dial, warranted £9 9 0
THE PERPORMANCBOF THE HORI-
ZONTAL CONSTRUCTION WILL BB
FOUND EXCEEDlNOLY ACCUEATB.
T. cox SAVORY'S,
Working Silversmith & Jeweller,
47, CoRNHiLL, London.
A vnriety of Second-hand Silver
Watches may be selected from
all at two giuue^ta each, vu-
ranted.
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
ii
WHITEHALL CARPET and
FURNISHING AVARKHOUSK—
CROMAR & Co. (late Lan^'iords) be^'
respectfully to call the attention of the
nobility, gentry, and public, about funiish-
iup, to tlic inspection of the largest, best,
and most splendid assortment of Urussels,
Kidderminster, Venetian, &c. Carpeting,
comprising several hundred i)ieces, (to
choose from.) of the newest and unrivalled
jiatterns, as produced. Turkey Carpets,
Royal Velvet Pile, New French Embroi-
deiy, &c. ; Hearth Rugs, Druggets, Floor-
cloths, Damasks, Moreens, Chintz Furniture,
&c., in great variety, at an immense saving
for cash.
Estimates given for furnishing houses of
any class, including Cabinet Furniture, Bed
and Bedding, in the execution of which
the strictest attention and punctuality are
adhered to, at this well-known establish-
ment.
Cromar & Co., Carpet Jlanufacturers
and Upholsterers, 32, Charing-cross, oppo-
site the Admiralty.
BY SPECIAL APPOINTMENT TO HER
MOST UEACIOUS MAJESTY QUEEN VIC-
TORIA.
JD E L C R O I X and Co., Per-
• fumers to the Royal Family, 158,
New Bond-street, respectfully solicit the
attention of the Nobility and Gentry
to the following Proprietar}' and much
approved Articles :—POMMADE REGE-
NERATRICE, for the growth and prevent-
ing the hair turning grey. POUDRE
UNIQUE, an established approved com-
position for dyeing the hair, eyebrows, 8:c.,
black or dark or light brown. POUDRE
SUBTKLl'2, patronized by the Nobility and
Gentry, as a safe and simple remover of
superlluous hair. CIRCASSIAN OPIATE,
foi' restoring to their pristine beauty neg-
lected teeth, and au excellent preserver of
the teeth and gums. CREME des SUL-
TANES, for whitening and softening the
skin. ROUGE of various shades, unequal-
led in tpiality. LAVANDE AUX MIL-
LEFLEURS, a delicious perfume for the
handkerchief; and VEGETABLE EX-
TRACT for the hair, for imitation and
selling of which they have recently ob-
tained injunctions from the Court of Chan-
cery against several persons.
PATRONIZED BY HER MAJESTY.
BOUQUET DE LA REINE VICTORIA,
A new and delicate perfume for the hand-
kerchief, for the extensive patronage of which
they feel highly gratified. Mecca, Almond,
Rose, and other fancy soaps, in cakes and
tablets. Sachets and Sultanes of every odour,
from the real ilowcrs, for perfuming hand-
kerchiefs, gloves, &c. German Kau de Co-
lo<rne and Aruebusade.
NEARLY FORTY YEARS ESTABLISHED.
No. 4, Bloom sbuvy-squarc, HoUiorn side. Observe
— Parlour Windows— No Shop Front.
TRISH SHIRTING CLOTH,
-*- made, without any admixture, from pure
flax. Sold in any quantity. Whole pieces
at the Factor's prices, cheaper than any
other House, being manufactured from the
best material. The purchase-mouey will be
returned should any fault appear.
IRISH, ENGLISH, SCOTCH, and
RUSSIA SHEETING, of all widths and
prices ; Household and Table Linen, Fa-
milies furnishing will find it much to their
interest to apply to this Establishment.
Bank of Ireland Notes taken in payment,
or discoimted. Country and Town Orders
punctually attended to by
.TOHN DONOVAN, 4, Bloomsbury-squaro.
N.B. — No counexiou with any other House,
INFALLIBLE HAIR DYE.
The only article that has stood the test of
experience, is
AGID HASSAN'S CIRCAS-
SIAN HAIR DYE, which will in a
icw]iours, change light, red, or grey hair to
a rich auburn or jet black, or any shade
between the two — with a fine glossy appear-
ance, without injuring the roots or disco-
louring the skin or linen. It will also be
found invaluable to Cavalrj' Officers and
Gentlemen of the Turf, in removing
" White Stockings," and giving to every
spot of the horse any colour required. —
Sold by the sole Agents, William Day and
Co., at their Old Italian and celebrated
Fish-Sauce Warehouse, 95, Gracecburch-
street ; Hannay and Co., C3, Oxford-street ;
and by all the principal Chemists, Perfumers,
and Booksellers, in Town and Country; in
Bottles, at 5s., 10*., and 15s. each, having
directions for use, with a fac-simile of the
signature of Agid Hassan ; also that of
William Day and Co. AU others are coun-
terfeit.
PORTABLE WATER CLO-
-■- SET.S on Improved Principles, of the
most simple construction, and perfectly free
from smell, of various designs, adapted to
every grade of building, from the cottage to
the palace, and varying in price from 20s,
upwards. D. CHAMBERS, sole manu-
facturer of the above, as also of his newly
invented Fixed Closet, requiring no cistern
above, the whole apparatus being com-
prised within the space of the seat of an
ordinary water-closet, respectfully invites an
inspection of his Manufactured Stock, by
persons intending to purchase, confident they
will be found to bear out his assertion of
their being far superior to eveiy other.
D. CHAMBERS, Plumber, &c., and sole
maker of the above articles, so essential to
personal comfort, 47, Carey-street, Chancery-
lane.
Ifi JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER. [1837-8.
I;^URTriER Proofs As no statement of cure
of the astonishing ef- /S2'5°t .^^rpsa^ shall ever be published in
fects of that most excellent ^^■^'tf^™^ favour of this medicine but
remedy, "BLAIirS GOUT ;|^ ^W^Wfi ^^*^'^* '^ strictly true, and
& RHEUMATIC PILLS," i^~~~^ jMM M^^M ^^" ^"^ attested by the re-
which stand without a pa- ^"^^^^ ^^Zj^^lfh. spectable agent to whom it
rallel in the annals of Me- i^L 'j^^^^ml'f '' /%y is addressed, the Public are
dicine for the cure of the ^^^fc^^^'/' ^^ earnestly invited scrupu-
Gout, Rheumatic Gout, ,,0^^^^^^^^ '' \ lously to examine any of
Rheumatism, Lumbago. ^^^^^^W^l '~ "t^^^^^ the undermentioned cases
Sciatica, pains in the Head ^^^^^^^^'iS.^ ^'i - --.*-S;:-^=="** that happen to lie in their
andFace, and all Gouty and neighbourhood, the result
Rheumatic affections.' of which will prove highly
satisfactory.
To Jlf)-. ProHt, 229, Strand, London.
Sib, — It afibrds me f^reat pleasuve to state to you tlie very great benefit I liave experienced from the use
of your invaluable meilicine, Blair's Gout and Kheumatic Pills. For upwards of twenty-two years, I have
been afllicted willi severe periodical attacks of the Gout, which froiiuently for twelve or thirteen weeks
wholly deprived me of the use of my limbs, and rendered me incapable of retaining any permanent
emjiloyment, and has compelled me to relinquish more than one or two excellent situations. In the course
of this period I have tried every remedy extant, without experiencing any material benefit, until I was
induced, by a severe attack last June, to try lilair's Gout and Rheumatic Pills, though, I must confess, with
small hope of success; but I was agreeably surprised to find, after two or three times taking them, the
violence of the disorder was checked, and within a week completely removed ; and I am now once more
enabled to take a permanent situation, and find my health and strength better than for years past ; and I
do, with the greatest ctpufidence, pronounce them to be a most safe and speedy cure of that most dreadful
disorder to whicli I have been for so many years a martyr; and authorise you. if you think necessary, to
make my case public, and shall have great pleasure in bearing testimony in any way to the great benefit I
liave exjierienced from the use of this invaluable medicine. Deing now fifiy-four years of age, I cannot
expect the disorder to be wholly eradicated ; but if I find at any time the least symptoms of an attack, I take
a few Pills, and it is instantly removed ; and I am completely relieved from the fear of being again laid up.
As it is my intention never to be w ithout a supply of these Pills, I shall feel obliged by your sending me half-
a-dozen boxes ; and remain, Sir, your obliged Servant, EDWARD STANLICY,
Formerly Cletk to the late Mr. Justice Le lilanc.
54, KiNOSGATE-STnEET, WlKCHESTER, Oct. 9, 1S36.
To Mr. Prout, 229, Strand, London.
SiB, — 1 have long been subject to fits of the Gout, which generally attack various parls of my body with
such violence that I expect it will get to my stomach, and put an "end to all suffering. About a. month
since 1 was attacked witli a most acute pain and inllairimation in the hands, knees, and feet, so as to be
tinable to move or do the least thing. Fortunately, a friend called in, who had taken Blair's Gout and
Rheumatic Pills with advantage: he instantly procured a box, which I took arcording to the directions.
After two days, I was (comparatively speaking, iu Heaven) free from pain and inflammation. On the fifth
day I was enabled to attend to business, and \)efbre 1 had finished taking the contents of one box I was
completely restored to health. It is with great pleasure I acknowledge the very essential benefit I have
received from your invaluable medicine. I wish you to make this statement public for the benefit of others
similarly situated, and am. Sir, Yours respectfully, R. M.*
Brighton, Sept. 1, 1836.
• Mr. Brew, Medical Hall, East-street, Brighton, will satisfy any person respecting the author of
this letter.
An E.vtracl of a Letter from Mr. Sissons, Boohseller, JForksop. Dated July, 2, 1836.
Mv father has been subject to severe attacks of Gout for the last 40 years, but since he was induced to
try Blair's Pills he has been able invariably to prevent it, and several of our most respectable gentry are iu
constant use of them.
Copj/ of a Letter from the Neighbourhood of Birmingham.
West Bromwich. July 6, 1836.
Sib, Having been for a number of years subject to the Gout and Rheumatism, 1 have tried every
remedy that has been recommended, without the least benefit, until last year a friend of mine came
to visit me when in one of my violent attacks. Being himself quite a martyr to the chalky Gout, he told
me of the very great relief he had experienced from taking Blair's Gout and Rheumatic Pills. I imme-
diately sent to Mr. Cowell's, of West Bromwich, for a box, and in twenty-four hours, after taking a few
Pills, was quite relieved, and able to attend to my business, and in two days was as well as ever I was. It
is now more than twelve months siuce ; but a few weeks ago 1 had another attack, and having some Pills
bv me remaining, took a few, and in a short time was able to attend to ray business as usual. 1 have
recommended them to a number of my friends, who have all experienced the same beneficial result as
myself, and I will, with the person who named them to me (should you choose to make use of this letter)
satisfy every inquiry that can be made. — I am. Sir, yours very gratefully, SAMUEL LLOYD.
Near the Old Bell Inn, Spon-laue, West Broinwich.
These Pills are taken without the least care or attention, by either sex, young or old, and
have tlie peculiar property of entirely removing the disease, without debilitating the frame,
•which is universally left in a stronger and better state than before the malady commenced.
And there is another most important efli'ect belonging to this Medicine — that it prevents the
disease flying to the brain, stomach, or other vital part.
SOl.l) WHOI.ESAI.l-; AND nETAII. BV
THOMAS PROUT, 229, STRAND, LONDON ;
And to be had of all Medicine Venders throughout the Kingdom, price Is. 9(1. per box.
1837-8.] JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER. 17
Now PiiMixhifiis for 1838.
CONTAXNZNa A ZiXST OF TKIQ IVZEIVCBXIRS OF TKI!
XIVIPERZAZ. PARZiIAZVISNT. "ViriTK TS££ZK.
TOWN H.£Sl£>£iNC£S,
R O B S O N ' S
LONDON DIllECTORY, STREET KEY, For 1838.
Pnce l5s.
PATRONIZED BY THE L0KD3 OF HER MAJESTY'S TREASJ'llY. STATIONERY OFFICE,
AND OTHER CJOVERNMEN 1' EsTAl'.LISIIMENT.S.
ROBSON'S
CLASSIFICATION of TRADES & STREET GUIDE
For 1838,
Boimd u'ith the above at the additional charge of 1 is.
ROBSON'S
ROYAL COURT GUIDE AND PEERAGE for 1838.
Pocket Edition, price 5*.
This ^Vork will contain an Analysis of the Hritish Peeraj^e ; showing the Title ami
Order of Precedency of the Pee.age of the United Kingdom, consisting of 542 Families
of various degrees of Rank, &c. ; and in Alphabetical and Street Order, the Names and
Residence in Town and Country of the NUBILITY and GENTRY (with their Fa-
mily Names\ Foreign Ministers, Bankers, Army and Navy Agents, Members of the Inns
of Court, and Professional Men ; also a List of Ministers and Officers of State, Foreign
Ambassadors, Members of both Houses of Parliament, Town and Country Bankers,
ROBSON'S
COUNTRY DIRECTORY
oi-
THIRTY MILES ROUND THE METROPOLIS :
Including Middlesex, with Parts of Kssex, Herts, Kent and Surrey. 'With separate
Maps of the five Counties — size, 20^ in. by 16^ in.: on which are delineated the New
Divisions or Parochial Unions formed under the Poor-Law Amendment Act of 3 and 4
Will. IV\ Price 15s.
The Towns and Villages will be arranged in Counties, and classed in Divisions,
according to the Unions of the Poor Law Amendment Act, accompanied by an Index to
the vaiious Unions in each County, showing the number of Parishes of which they are
Composed, and the number of Guardians appointed for their government, — with the
'Jime iind Place at which the Board of Guardians meet: — the Names and Professions
of the Commercial Residents therein will be given in Alphabetical Order, forming
DISTINCT ALPHABETICAL DIRECTORIES
OV EVKRY TOWN Oil PRINCIPAI. VILLAGE IN THE
COUNTIES OF ESSEX, HERTS, KENT, MIDDLESEX, AND SURREY,
AVITIIIN TWENTY MILES; AND
ALL MARKET-TOWNS NOT EXCEEDING THIRTY MILES FROM LONDON:
Including CHELMSFORD ;--HITCHIN, HUNTINGFORD, and STEVEMAGE;
—CHATHAM, ROCHESTER, and MAIDSTONE ; — DORKING and GUILD-
FORD;—READING and WINDSOR;— HIGH WYCOMB, CHESHAM, AMERS-
HAM, &c. ; — with every Information connected with the Arrival and Departure of Mails
and other Coaches, Posting Houses, Commercial Inns, &c., &c.
*'^ The whole may be fiarl bound in one or two volumes, forming a complete Directory of
London and the surrounding Villages and Market-Towns within 30 miles of London.
PUBLISHED BY W. ROBSON & Co.
DIRECTORY AND COURT GUIDK OFFICE,
IC, GEORGE STREET, MANSION HOUSE. LONDON.
SOLD BY SIMPKTN AND MARSHALL, STATIONERS' COURT, AND SHERWOOD,
GILBERT, AND PIPER, PATERNOSTER ROW, AND ALL
BOOKSELLERS AND STATIONERS.
18
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
WORKS
PUBLISHED BY
WILLIAM PICKERING,
57, Chancery Lane.
Just puUisJied, iu 2 vols. 4Jo. price Five Guineas.
ANEW DICTIONARY of
the ENGLISH LANGUAGE, by
CHARLES RICHARDSON.— This work
consists of two large quarto voUimes, upon
the composition of which the author has
been employed for morethon 20 years: and
though the expense of publication has ex-
ceeded the sum of 6000/. it is published at
the moderate price of Five Guineas. The
two volumes contain nearly '2300 pages of
3 columns each, closely yet clearly and
beautifully printed. In this Dictionary,
equal care has been bestowed upon the
Etymologies & Explanations ; and also upon
the copious selection of quotations in illus-
tration of both ; — these are arranged in
chronological series from Wiclif and Chau-
cer to Burke and Cowper.
Publislied Monthly, pvice 2s. 6d.,the
GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE.
A New Series, enlarged and improved
in general interest and variety, without de-
viating from its established character of
usefulness and investigation. A constant
regard is paid to the Standard Literature of
England ; and the classical works of Milton,
Pope, Gray, Cowper, Crabbe, &c., have
formed the subjects of lengthened illustra-
tion in the New Series, as well as the bio-
graphies of Bolingbroke, Temple, Walpole,
•Wraxall, Mackintosh, Byron, Coleridge, &c.,
and every recent work of the highest cha-
racter and most prominent interest.
The Notes to Boswell's Johnson and the
continuation of Mr. Green's Diary of a Lover
of Literature, form two series of original
papers.
The other subjects of discussion are such
as are recommended either by their intrinsic
and permanent value, or by their occasional
importance. The recent numbers have
contained many vauable articles on Philo-
logy, on Anglo-Saxon Literature, on Ancient
Poetry ; Dissertations on points of our
National History, and illustrious characters ;
Antiquities and Architecture ; Family His-
tory ; and Original Letters and Documents
illustrative of these several subjects.
The Retrospective Review will continue
to present much that is curious in old Eng-
lish Poetry.
The Review of New Publications is con-
ducted with care, consideration, and impar-
tiality.
The Obituary of Eminent Persons, dis-
tinguished in the State, the Public Service,
or Learned Professions ; in Literature,
Science, and the Arts; is continued with
unremitting attention.
The Literary and Scientific Intelligence,
comprises an account of the proceedings of
Scientific and Learned Societies ; and of
the progress of the Arts, and Public Exhi-
bitions.
The Historical Chronicle, forms a Record
of passing events ; of Honours and Prefer-
ments in Church and State ; and the Births
and Marriages of the Nobility and Gentry.
The Embellishments comprise views of
places remarkable for their architecture, or
interesting from their history, and other ob-
jects of curiosity.
Vols. I. II. III. IV. V. VI. and VII. of
the New Series, 16s. each.
IMPORTANT DISCOVERY IN
MEDICINE.
T EFAY'S GRANDE POM-
-*-^ M A D E. — This extraordinary and va-
luable preparation cures, by two or three
external applications, Tic Douloreux, Gout,
Rheumatism, and Lumbago, and Sciatica,
giving instantaneous relief in the most
painful paroxysms. It has'^been extensively
employed in the public and private practice
of several French Physicians, who liave de-
clared that in no case have they found it to
fail in curing these formtdable and torment-
ing maladies. Since its introduction into
England it has in every case fully main-
tained the high character its inirivalled
success has obtained for it on the Continent.
Patients who had for many years drawn on
a miserable existence have, by a few appli-
cations, been restored to health and comfort,
after veratrine, morphia, blistering, and all
the usual remedies had been found useless.
Its astonishing and almost miraculous efl'ects
have also been experienced in the speedy
cure of nervous and rheumatic pains of the
head and face, paralytic affections, con-
tracted and stiti' joints, glandular swellings,
pains of the chest, and bones. It requires
no restraint from business or pleasure, and
may be applied to the most beautiful skin
without fear of injury.
Sold by the appointment of Jean Lefay,
the Inventor, by his Agent, Stirling, Che-
mist, No. 86, High-street, Whitechapel: in
Pots at 4s. 6d. each.
*,.^* To prevent fraud, as there is a spuri-
ous imitation, the genuine has the name of
" J. W. Stirling" engraved on the Govern-
ment Stamp, who will answer any inquiries
(post paid) respecting it.
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
i9
pARLIAMETARY CHRO-
NICLE, containint^ Impartial and Au-
Ihentic Reports of all the Speeches delivered
in the Two Houses of" the British Legisla-
ture, commencing with the
ERA OF PARLIAMENTARY
REFORM,
In Parts, price Is. each, beautifully printed
on fine Paper, and Hot-pressed.
Part I. of Vol. 6 was jmblishcd immedi-
ately after the meeting of the ensuing Par-
liament, and will be continued regularly, con-
taining the debates up to the latest period.
The Indexes to the preceding volumes
will be ready in a few days.
"We have perused, with greiit SiUisfaction, a few
])agcs of this inteiesting Publication, and are happy
to intiinati" our opinion in its favour. The manner
in which the Debates in Parliament are compressed,
deserves vinqualilied praise; and, allhou^^h we are
not influenced by the opinions of others, either to
extol or disparage a work — it is yet gratifying to lis
to find, on any occasion, that the sentiments of the
press generally are in accordance with our own. In
this respect, the Parliamentary Chronicle presents a
favourable theme ; for no party prejudices or predi-
lecticms are manifested by our contemj>oraries in
awarding to it a just tribute of approbation."— ri'mei.
" We have looked through these debates, and,
comparing them with those reported in the diurnal
papers, we find them given with fairness and preci-
sion, an<l in a much more extended form than we
anticipated. As to the critical reviews at the end of
tlie debates, wc will all but V)e silent. We cannot
employ our time upon criticising critiques, though
we must say that we think them conceived in a laud-
able spirit, arid well expressed." — Morn. Herald.
London : Published by Simpkiu, IMarshall
and Co., Stationers' Hall Coiu't, and sold by
all other Booksellers in the United Kingdom.
Just published,
rpUE POST-OFFICE LONDON
^ DIRECTORY FOR 1838.
This Work has, siuce the last Edition,
been thoroughly revised and corrected, and
alterations effected calculated to increase the
general utility of the publication. The De-
scription of the Professions and Trades and
the addresses are more uniform and precise
than they have hitherto been.
It has been a frequent subject of complaint,
that in lieu of the Christian names, merely
the initial letters have been in so many in-
stances inserted ; this very serious omission
has been supplied, and the Christian as well
as Surname will ii» future be inserted ia
every entry in the Post Office London Direc-
tory. It will only be necessary to compare
a page of the new Edition with the corre-
spontling page of any preceding one, to judge
of the exertions which liave been used to
render the work worthy of the extensive pa-
tronage it has hitherto enjoyed. Equal pains
have been devoted to the improvement of
every department of the work; and the Guide
to Stage Coaches, containing the Route of
each Mail Coach, and the time of its arrival
at every considerable place on its journey,
outwards and inwards, has been most search-
ingly revised. The Post Office Regidations
so fully given in the edition for 1837, have
been accurately corrected, and convey every
requisite information with regard to the
transmission of Letters and Newspapers to
all parts of the World.
CROSS'S ORIGINAL MEDICAL LABEL WAREHOUSE,
18, HOLBORN, LONDON.
T CROSS beg's respectfully to acknowledge the very liberal support he
*^ • has received from Chemists, Druggists,, and Professional Gentlemen generally,
since the commencement of his Publication ; and also announces that he still continues to
introduce Elegant and Original Patterns, by which he hopes to merit their future favours.
ENGRAVING ON COPPER, STEEL, AND STONE, in the first style, and in all its
branches. Copper-Plate, Letter-P.iess, and Lithographic Printing executed in a superior
manner. Door Plates, Brass Stamps, &c.
CROSS'S NEW PLAN OF LONDON, Measuring Eight
Miles from East to West, and Five Miles from North to South, exhibiting a surface of
Forty Square Miles, divided into Metropolitan Boroughs, Parishes, and Half Miles, with
every Ne'w Street and Improvement to the present time. — In Sheet 7a-. 6d,, Case lOs. Gd.,
mounted and varnished \7s.
CROSS'S POCKET PLAN OF LONDON AND IMPROVED
GUIDE, with Reference List to all the Public Buildings, &c. &c. Sheet 2s. 6d. Case 4s.
Just Published, in Two large Sheets, Price 30s.,
A MAP OF THE COLONY OF NEW SOUTH WALES, Ex-
hibiting the Situation and Extent of THE APPROPRIATED LANDS, including the
Counties, Towns, Villages, Reserves, &c. &c. Compiled from Authentic Surveys, &c.
Attached is a general Map of Australia, shewing the relative positions of the Four Colo-
nies, VIZ., New South Wales, Van Dieman's Land, Swan River, and South Australia, with
the most recent discoveries. Respectfully dedicated to Sir Joun Bakuow, Bart., Presi-
dent of the Royal Geographic Society, &c., by his obliged humble Servant, Robert Dixon.
London: Published by J, Cuoss, 18, Holborn.
MANUFACTURED BY
S. IMORDAN AND CO.
THE PATENT EVER-rOlNTED PENCIL
„ J .„ 1 „ „f »>,„ .rroatoct ntilitv nnd particularly recommended to the public when made
Isani,,strumentunlvepallyallow.dtobeofthee.ea^^^^ inform the public that all Pencils having st..!
with that mathematical nicety on nhiOi 't^ Vf <?<^P7°% ; e the following remarks on purchasing will ensure them a
points are not of their make ; and to avoid all mconveme^^^^
genuine article :-See the Pencil has the name b.Mordan ana i^^ ^ ^^^^^ for these spurious Pencils as for
The Patentees have, in many instances, discos ered that me purcuo. i
the genuine silver and gold ai;ticle. ,, nb^crve the above remarks, to prevent their being imposed upon, the
Shopkeepers in Provincial Towns would do well ^^ J^^^JAf ,\ genuine article,
public being much inconvenienced in not being supplied with the genuine au c ^ . , , ,
p A ^'£jj1' LJiAD-'^. Tbe great advantage these Oenuine Leads have over
all others is derived from the mathematical nicety with which they are made ;
for unless the Lends are exactly the size, they either drop through or choke up
the Silver Pencil-case, and nnder it useless, at the same time creating an
unjust prejudice against that useful pocket appendage.
S IMordan and Co., having had very numerous complaints made to them by
persons usino- their Patent Everpointod Pencils, having had the spurious leads
sold to them" which choke and spoil tlie case, request their friends, by way of
caution to be at the trouble of looking if the Packets they are purchasmg is a
fac simile of tlie above, nnd bearing an impression from their seal
S. M. and Co.
UOX OF LEADS.
CEDAR
PENCILS.
Artists and others are particularly requested to try their liiacK i.ead P.ncil. "'Cedar made from tlie
tre Cumberland lead, sdected with the greatest care ; they have been pronounced, by the most compe-
,it judges of the day! the best extant. (See J. D. Ilardmg's Work on Pencil Drawings.) This article
patronized by all the Government offices. ..^ , t» o -r.
' • ^^^ Cooper and Ecstein s Patent Styloxynon, or Pen-
'^'^'''''^y^cW Pointer. This useful instrument will quickly produce
'■[^;:/ a most delicate point to any description of Pencil or
Cbalkg
STYLOXYNON.
JOINT PEN-IIOLDKR.
POUTABLE QUILL PETSIS.— There are manv persons who do not like Steel Pens,
and prefer the Quill ; to those the Portable Quill Pens, and Silver-joint Pen-holder
are particularly recommended ; in Boxes containing Fifty and One Hundred.
S. M. & Co. Makers," are marked on each Box, and are warranted.
QUILL TENS.
PARISIAN SPRING PENIIOLDEIl.
r \TFNT PARISIAN SPRING PENHOLDEIl.--The advantages derived from the use of this Pen-
"holder arises from the lower end of it being attached to a spring which allows the Pen to move over
«a uneVen surface without the risk of Blotting or spurting the Ink,
patent
'JCiipIc^potutf^ ^cii.
The peculiarity of this Pen, either in its straight or oblique form, is the addition of a third Nib, which secures the follow-
'"f ^A^^^,.,lin iiinnlv of Ink of any kind, uniform with the most rapid writing.
2" The t'^nibs of the onlinaJ/Pen act only as diriders or tracers, while the third Nib, pressing upon the paper, con-
'T The ^irdTb rendi°rs-the same Pen capable of writin, the boldest text, or «nest running hand.
t- V;:;^^S:^^^l^l^^:^^"^^^^^ ^l^'^:^I^^re. from the paper, thereby
"ir'SetTu^tVoTamrdTy lL"t;;irrNl,Tnd "rt^'^s.^me time, the flexibility is increased. »nd durability necessarily
follows. »«* Use th9 improved joint-holder made expressly for these Pens.
THE PATENT OBLIQUE PEN,
The only straioht Pen. This peculiarity is owing to the slit being parallel to the
ano-ular slope of the ^vriting, ^vhich gives it that freedom in use which is unequalled
Iw^'any other pen by the direction in which both nibs are brought nito use at the
same time, the writer is not operating upon one edge of the nib, and the contrary
edo-e of the other at the same instant, but upon the square surfaces or points ot
both together. Both nibs are thus brought into constantly equal wear, and a free-
dom is secured whicli no other metal pen ever possessed. Tlie Patent Obhque
NEW FOUXTAIN INKSTANDS.
Those TnV'stmiils aro of n very superior construction to tliose formprly
in use. They present but u snuill surface of ink to the atmosphere, and
comparatively no evaporation takes jjlaco ; nor can dust accumulate to
s])oii the ink. Tlie spout is placed at tlie most convenient nng;lo for dip-
])ino- the pen ; and the ink beintr of a uniform depth, prevents the pen
beinsj spoiled by strikin^r af;ainst the Sflass.
'J'iiis Inkstand is peculiarly adapted for the writing fluids now in use.
They an> made of white or coloured pjhiss, either ])lain or richly cut,
and are also mounted with silver caps, which exclude tho atmosphere or
dust. Kach Inkstand has a medallion, with the name, S. IMordan £c Co.,
London, on it.
Lump Inks, Cone Tube Inks, Dome Inks,
and Glass Inkstands of every description,
cither in White or coloured Glass. Also,
mounted with Silver or Bronze Tops, and fixed
on Ebony Stands of various kinds suitable for
the Library Table, Counting house Desks,
&c. &c.
LUMP INK. CONE TURK INICS.
PORTADLE TRAVELLING INKS.
S, I\I. & Co. invite the attention of the public to their improved Travel-
ling Inks ; the construction of which admits of a glass holding a much
larger quantity of ink than those in general use, without increasing its
bulk ; and at the same lime it is protected by a strong case, neatly covered
with leather. These Tubes are also made of various sizes in wood, suit-
able for Portable Desks, Travelling- Cases, or Pocket, and being made in
a superior manner, of well seasoned raateiials, will insure their giving
sufisfactiou to the purchaser.
Observe that each bears the name, S. Mordan and Co., London.
cooper's patent scent- bottles.
These articles aro confidently recommended from their siipc-
rioritj-. The advantages derived from this invention are, ihnt
the Stopper, from its spherical form, can neither stick nor break
in the neck (so con<:tant a complaint against those of the old
plan); the Stopper being made of glass never corrodes; they
are so perfectly air-tight that they will preserve the most vola-
tile Spirits (even Ether or Ammonia) any length of time ; they
cause much less trouble in use than any others, the act of
removing the Cap and Stopper being only one operation ; they
are more durable than any others from their superiority, both
in workmanship and maierial, the silver and gold used in them,
being very stout, and warranted standard.
Manufactured for the Patentee, by S. Mordan and Co.
FLAT SJIELLINU BOTTLE.
LOCKS — It is the duty of every indivi-
dual to diminish, as much as possible, the
temptations to which poverty and ignorance
are exposed. The immense number of bad
locks with duplicate keys now in existence,
constitutes a fruitful source of crime, whose
Ix'^'innings may in many instances be tiaced
t'> such a cause. The only effectual remedy
lor this is in the use of the lock witli sever
Kiiards, as now made by S. Mordan and Co.,
whose construction allows of unlimited va-
riety in the key, and absolute security against
picking. To prevent imposition, the pur-
chaser is directed to the stamp-mark, bearing
the signature, S. Mordan and Co., Makers,
London.
BOOK-EDGE LOCK.
FOLIO LOCK.
These Locks are made of all sizes, from the smallest Cabinet to the largest Prison door ; as, see ]\ew-
gate, U hitecross Street, Warwick, and other prisons, banking-houses, &c.
Iron Doors for Strong Rooms, Iron Chests, Safes, Fire Proof Deed, Cash Boxes, S^c.
S. ISI. & Co. also inform the Trade they have now in the course of manufacture several entirely new
and useful articles, which will be laid before them with all possible dispatch.
CAUTION.— As imitations have been made of their articles, observe that each bears tho name of
S. Mordan & Co., Blakers, London.
Manufactoiy, 22, CASTLE STREET, FINSBURY, LONDON.
N. B. — S. MORDAN will be happy to advise persons taking out Patents for New Inventions, ais to
the best mode of manufacturing and laying the same before the Trade.
22
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER. [1837-8.
BY ROYAL LETTERS PATENT.
A DISCOVERY 11— IMPORTANT TO THE WRITING PUBLIC.
STEPHENS' PATENT NEW WRITING FLUIDS.— Having obtained
Royal Letters Patent for Improvements on Colours, one of whicli consists in rendering
a certain colour soluble and available to purposes to which it could previously be but imper-
fectly applied, the Patentee has the gratification of offering to the Public as the result
of those Improvements
The Unchangeable Dark Blue Writing Fluid. The Unchangeable Light Blue
Writing Fluid ; and a BrUliunt Red Writing Fluid.
THE DARK BLUE WRITING FLUID, for depth of colour, and powerful contrast to
the Paper, is equal, if not superior, to any Black Ink whatever, and is belter fitted for all
the general purposes of Writing, being infmitehj more beautiful and durable, and at the same
time Bxcee(^\n]i\y Jluent and pleasant to write with.
Contrast to the Paper, and durability in the Record, being the chief objects to be attained
in Writing, the only legitimate grounds for preference between this Dark Blue, aad common
Black Ink, is the degree in which these purposes are fulfilled ; and if tiiese essentials are
made the chief grounds of preference, independent of custom and prejudice, the Dark Blue
Writing Fluid must be generally adopted.
THE LIGHT BLUE WRITING FLUID, is a cheap and durable composition, and
•will meet the views of all those to whom economy is an object, as it possesses the same
properties as the former, and is equally applicable for Writing.
The quickness with which these Blue Fluids dry, renders the use of Blotting Paper
scarcely necessary.
The Chlorides, or Bleaching Fluids, so extensively used for the destruction of colours, do
not affect the above compositions.
THE BRILLIANT RED WRITING FLUID will be found to be more strikingly
beautiful and durable than any Red Solutions heretofore used.
The Writing Fluid, which changes to a black colour, will be manufactured as heretofore,
and every attention paid to its improvement and perfection.
An assortment of the newly-formed Inkholders, 'plain, cut, and coloured, contrived (o
prevent evaporation, and lodgments of dust, to give an oblique position to, and restrain the
immersion of the pen, so as to prevent soiling the fingers. Also, newly-contrived Stanus,
for Inkholders, containing on each side of the Holder concavities for Wafers and Lucifers,
with a bronze Taper-holder attached, with a convenient concavity for Wax, Pens, &c.
Observe — The Blue Inks hitherto in use, retaining a blue colour, are preparations of
Indigo, which bear no comparison with the splendour and durabilitij of the above blue com-
positions, and are not applicable to the general purposes of Writing.
N.B. The Penalties for infringing a Patent lie against the Vendor as well as the Maker.
Prepared solely by the Inventor and Patentee, HENRY STEPHENS, Stamford Street,
Blackfriars Road, London. Sold by Stationers and Booksellers.
GORDON'S SPECIFIC MIXTURE.
AN infallible Cure for Gonorrhoea, Leucorrhoea, and all Urethal discharg-es.
In no one of the very numerous instances which have come under the knowledge of
the Proprietors has this Medicine failed to produce the desired effect ; thus affording con-
vincing proof, it is rapidly superseding those doubtful Medicines hitherto imposed upon the
Public as infallible. The advantage it possesses over all similar Medicines is as follows: —
The ingredients composing it being perfectly harmless, so that the most delicate of both
Sexes may take it with perfect safety, and with great advantage to the general health ; and
moreover at much less than the usual price. The Proprietors, therefore, have every confi-
dence in recommending their valuable preparation to the notice of the Public, convinced as
they are of its undoubtful efficacy, the success of which they only desire to stand or fall on
its own merits. — Prepared only by Gordon and tlo., 54, Greek-street, Soho; where it may
be had. Post applications from any part of the Metropolis and Kingdom duly attended to.
Wholesale: Mr. T. Butler, 4, Cheapside ; and all wholesale Venders, Retail: Sanger,
Chandler, Hannay, Oxford-street ; Baxter, Deakins, Kent ; Graham, Holboru ; Johnston,
Stradling, Cornhill; Prout, Strand ; Colk, Fleet-street; Bninton, Limehouse ; Paul, Lowe,
and Hornblower, Blackfriars-road ; Lamert, Minories ; Decastro, Yates, Knightsbridge ;
Saner, Paddington ; Ryder, ]\Iarchmont-street ; Bateinan, Castle-street, Leicester-square ;
Joseph and Co., Long acre ; Ridge, Westminster-bridge j and of every Vender of Patent
Medicines in the Metropolis and United Kingdom.
1837-8.] JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
2;j
LITHOGRAPHIC WORKS,
Published by
R. MARTIN AND CO., r26, LONG ACRE, LONDON.
MARTIN and CO.'S SPECIMEN OF LITHOGRAPHY
designed to illustiato the capabilities o£ the Art, ou Imperial -Jto. Price 2«. Gd. '
MARTIN and CO.'S Fac-siniile of HOLLAR'S celebrated four sheet
VIEW OF LONDON in 1G47. Price 10«.
MARTIN and CO.'S VIEWS, illustrative of the ISLANDS of NEW ZEALAND and
its NATIVE INHABITANTS. In Numbers, consisting of TEN PLATES each,
on half sheets of Plate Imperial. The First Number, consisting of 4 Landscapes
3 Scenes, and THREE PLATES, containing 7 Portraits, will be ready for delivery
on the 30th November, 1837. Price to Subscribers, 1/. \s.
MARTIN and CO.'S VIEW of the CONSERVATIVE BANQUET, on the 14th of
June, ly37, and the INTERIOR of the SPLENDID PAVILION erected on the
Premises of MESSRS. CUBITT, Gray's-inn Road, under the direction of
H. E. KENDALL, Estj., Architect. On Royal folio, Is. Gd. India Proofs, 4*.
LITHOGRAPHIC PRESSES, GERMAN STONES, and every Material used in the
Art, supplied on the most reasonable terms, and at the shortest notice.
Preparing for Publication,
By Messrs. MARTIN and CO.,
A SERIES OF LITHOGRAPHIC DRAWINGS
OF THE VARIOUS
BRIDGES
To be constructed on the
LINE OF THE GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY,
Showing, at the same time, the
VIEWS OF THE ADJACENT SCENERY.
Subscribers' Names will be received by Messrs. Martin and Co., 20, Long Acre.
Every description of DRAWINGS, MAPS, PLANS, PLAIN and ORNAMENTAL
WRITING, &e. &c. executed in the first style, and with the utmost dispatch.
24
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
C\BINET AND UPHOLSTERY
FURNITURE,
BROOKE HOUSE, HOLBORN.
THE Larijest, Cheapest, and most
Spk-nditrstock of CABINET AND
UPHOLSTERY FURNITURE ever sub-
miUcJ to Public Inspection, is now nianii-
factiired and offered for sale on such low
terms as no List of Prices can sufficienily
explain. This truly extensive collection
will be found to merit the attention of Por-
cliasers requiring; Furniture combining utility
with economy.
J. STEFFENONI. Cabiii't maker and Upholstprer
No. H2, Holborn bars Corner of Biooku-streot.
HARPS. — Double Action Harps,
on the Patent Principle of the late
Sebastian Ehakd, with the latest Improve-
ments.—J. F. BROWN & Co., IVIanufac-
turers, 12, Berners Street, Oxford Street,
beg to inform the musical world they have
always on sale these Harps, of the first
description in Tone and elegance of Manu-
facture, adapted for any climate, at prices
that merit the attention of private jiur-
chascrs, merchants, and dealers, as a saving
of 40 per cent, may be cfi'ected by selecting
at their Establishment.
Harps repaired ; Strings, &c. at equally
moderate prices.
,AVID DAVIES, MACHINIST, 41 and 42, Collinfrwood-slreet,
Biackfriars-road. London. FLY PRESSES OF EVERY DESC^RIPTION, for
Coining. Stam])ing, and Embossing Ijeather Paper; Piercing, Cutting, and Office Presses;
Dies for JMedalists, Die Sinkers, and Silversmiths, forged in the best manner.
ZEITTER and Company respectfully submit the follo\vin£r List of Prices
of their New Patent Piano Fortes, which have all the latest improvements, particularly
Wrought Iron String Plates, Wrought Iron Bracings over the Sounding Board, and an
additional Iron Bar on and under the front of the Wrest Plank.
Also their Newly Invented Sounding Board, for which they have obtained
HIS MAJESTY'S "^ROYAL LETTERS PATENT,
Dated \st November, 1833.
and which has been admitted by the first Professors to be the most important improvement
ever applied to Piano Fortes, producing a more full and equal quali'j' of tone, and being on
a piinciple somewhat similar to the Violin ; warranted not to lose its elasticity, or to yield
by the pressure of the Strings, which is invariably the case with Sounding Boards on the
old construction.
Two Unison Grands Gi Octaves
Mahogany Cases from 100 to 120 guineas
Rosev/ood , , , , 1 10 to 130
Grands 6^ Octaves
Mahogany Cases from 1-0 to 140 guineas
Rosewood , , , , 140 to IGO
According to the Workmanship of the Cases, Legs, Lyres, &c.
N.B. Zeitter and Company engage to keep all Instruments purchased of them in tune
for six months, free of Expense, in London.
4 & 5 New Cavendish Street, Portland Place, London.
PATENT SHIP PUMP AND FIRE ENGINE.
^IIOMAS LAMBERT and SON solicit the attention of Ship Owners,
-^ Underwriters, Merchants, and others, to their newly-constructed double action Pump,
which possesses all the properties of a powerful Fire Engine, takes up no more room than
an ordinary House Pump, and is always ready for use. In this Engine, wliicli differs but
little in appearance or expense from the common lifting force Pump, twice the quantity
of Water is delivered in any given number of strokes; consequent! v there is only half the
wear; the labour, friction, and liability to derangement, as compared with the work per-
formed, are greatly diminished. In all cases where water has to fe raised in large quan-
tities, or to considerable heights, this Pump will be found admirably adapted, as well as
being an excellent stationary Fire Engine.
Ship ar.d House Closets upon an entirely new and approved principle, requiring no cis-
tern above.
To be seen at the JLanufactory, No. 30, New Cut, Blackfriars-road, London.
1337-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
25
Tlllil GOLDEN AGE RESTORED.
ROYAL CITY IMEDAL.
GRIFFIN and HYAMS, Silver-
SMITHS and Jewelkkhs, 2"2, Conihill,
Opposite the Royai. Kxciiangi;, have struck
in honour of Her INliijesty's late Visit to
the City of London, a Medal in Kink. Goi.u.
wei;;hiiig' seven ounces; beint; the only cor-
rect Likeness of our youthful Queen, which
may be seen (gratis) opposite the Royal
Exchange. Also, from the same die, in
silver, price £3 3s.; Bronze gilt, £1 lis.
6(1. ; Bronze, ir)s. and in a particularly pure
white metal at 2s. Gd, each.
Every Briton ought to possess siach a me-
mento of this era : — a reign, which, under
Divine Frovidence, will restore to Old Eng-
land the glorious days of Elizabelh ! "When
all parties will he enabled to throw away
the "apple of discord" — luiiting hand in
hand to surround the throne, — protect our
gracious Sovereign — promote useful laws,
and shew to the world that Britain is a
free, loyal, religious and happy nation.
A correct Profile of Her Majesty, in a
frame, Lis. to 2 js. Also Si'als with a like-
ness of Iler Majesty, 4s. Cd. to 8s. ; and
Silver Pencils with the same, 8s. Gd. each.
ROBERT LOW & SON,
MANUFACTURING PERFUMERS,
330, STRAND,
(Opj)osito Somerset House, London,)
piAVING tlie honour of the ap-
pointment to supply Her Majesty at
Windsor Castle, beg to submit the follow-
ing list of their leading articles, adapted for
home consumiition or exportation, and hope
to be favoured with a continuance of that
patronage they have for many years had to
return their best acknowledgements.
LOWS highly-perfumed White and
Brown Windsor Soups, of the first quality,
now in great request in most parts of thfe
world.
Millefleur, and various other Soaps.
LOWS Fragrant Perfume, so much
admired for retaming the scent on the hand-
kerchief; also the new Royal \ ictoria Per-
fumes.
LOW'S Royal Cream, a very superior
article for the Hair, perfumed with Otto of
Roses.
Hair Brushes; also Clothes, Hat, Flesh,
Crumb, Tooth, Nail, and Shavin"
Brushes ; Tortoise-shell, Horn, Ivory, Box-
wood, and Metallic Combs of all kinds.
Ladies' and Gentlemen's Dressing-cases
and Sponges.
SJTIR LING'S REES' ESSENCE.
'^ — The most sate, speedy, and effectual
remedy ever discovered for the cure of Stric-
tures. AVeaknesses, Heat, Irritation, Gravel,
Pains in the Loins, Kidneys, and that jjarti-
cular class of diseases from which those un-
certain and dangerous medicines, copaiba
and mercurials, liave hitherto been too fre-
quently employed. In disorders of the ure-
thra, &c., it generally iieribrms a perfect
cure in the short space of three or four days
and may he taken by the most delicate of
either sex without ffar of cold. It contains,
in a highly concentrated state, all the effica-
cious parts of the cubeb, chemically com-
bined with sarsaparilia, buchu, and other
alteratives, which render it invalualile to
those afilicted with secondary symptoms,
pains in the bones, rheumatism and gout,
ulcers, ]iimples, blotches, scrofulous and
scorbutic eruptions, glandular swellings of
the neck, &c , and all diseases arising from
a tainted or impure state of the blootl. la
cas(!s of debility, tabes dorsalis, diabetes,
wasting, palsy, and nervous depression of
spirits, it has been taken with the most de-
cided benefit. It has proved an excellent
restorative in cases where the constitution
has been weakened by gout, excesses, hot
or unhealthy climates, or the injudicious use
of mercurials, &c,
Prepared only by the proprietor, J. W.
STIRLING, Chemist,; 86, High Stieet*
AV'hUechapel, in hottles at 4.?. (id., lOx. and
20?., from whom it can be sent to any part
of the world upon enclosing the amount.
CAUTION.— The genuine has <' J. W.
STIRLING" engraved on the stamp.
Letters must bs post paid.
MINERAL SUCCEDANEUM
For filling Decayed Teeth— Loose Teeth
Fastened — and Loss of Teeth Supplied.
]\/rONSTEUR MALL AN and
•^ ■*- SON. Surgeon Dentists, 32, Great
Russell-street, Bloomsbury, continue to re-
store Decayed Teeth, with their Mineral
Succedaneum, without pain, heat, or jires-
sure (of which they are the sole inventors
and jiossessors), and to fasten Loose Teeth,
whether arising from age, neglect, disease of
the gums, the use of calomel, or any oiher
cause.
Incorrodil)le, Artificial, and Natural Teeth
jdaced without AVires,or any other fastening,
from one to a complete set. and may be
matched to any Shade or Colour.
Guaranteed for Jlastication and Articu-
lation.
Charges moderate as in Paris.
32, Great Russell-street, Bloomsbury.
26
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
PLATE-GLASS, CARVING, AND GILDING WAREHOUSE,
36, PICCADILLY, OPPOSITE ST. JAMES'S CHURCH, LONDON.
(Established nearly a century.)
GEORGE COOPER be2:s leave to remind his patrons and the public
that he continues to have on hand a large Stock of Looking-glasses of every de-
scription, and of the most elegant patterns, and to supply architects and builders with
Plate-glass for Sashes, Conservatories, &c., from three to eight feet, at 9s. per foot
superficial. Paper-hanging, Painting, and House Decorating in every st\le. Window-
cornices of every pattern and description. AVindow-curtains designed and made up for
parties finding their own materials. Ladies' Needle-work framed and mounted for
screens, stools, &c. All kinds df Picture and Miniature Frames, Pole, Toilet, and
Shaving Glasses. The best description of materials and workmanship is warranted at
this establishment. Designs and estimates made on the shortest notice, and parties waited
upon at any distance from town. — 36, Piccadilly, opposite the Church.
BOND'S PERMANENT MARKING INK.
TO prevent fraud or mistake in Ta-
ble Linen andWeariiig Apparel the Pub-
lic are respectfully invited to use the above-
mentioned Marking Ink. Itrequires noprepa-
rotion, and can be used, with a common pen,
upon all articles made of Linen, Silk, or Cot-
ton, so as not to be effaced either by time or
art, and possesses further the advantage that
it can retain its quality in any climate.
Prepared only, and sold by J. Bond, Che-
mist, 28, Long Lane, West Smlthfield, Lon-
don, in bottles at Is. each; and, by appoint-
ment, sold also by Sanger, 150, and Hannay
and Co., 63, Oxford-street ; Hatchard, Linen
Draper, 425, and Prout, 229, Strand ; Butler,
4, Cheapside; Barclay and Sons, 95, Far-
ringdon- street; Grundy and Goadsby, 4,
Exchange-street, Manchester; John Suther-
land, 12, Calton - street, Edinburgh ; and
most respectable Stationers and Medicine
Venders in the United Kingdom.
" We have much pleasure in calUiig the attention
of our fair readers to ' Bond's Permanent Marking
Ink.' It consists of one liquid only and will retain
its first appearance as marked by the ^vn."— Opinion
uf Blackwood's Lady's Magazine.
" Highly spoken of by all who have made use of
it."— Manchester Courier.
AULMAC'S TARNISH LIQUID, FOR
GENERAL PURPOSES,
Manufactured at 242, High Holborn, near
Little Turnstile.
'^pmS Composition will clean and
-1. entirely remove the Tarnish from Or-
Molu, Dining-room and Table Lamps, Can-
delabras, and all other Gilt -metal Orna-
mental Articles, without injury to the work ;
it is invaluable for general Household Pur-
]ioses, as for British Plate, polished Brass,
Copper, &c. It is quick in the operation, and
retains the brightness. — In stone bottles, 6d.
and Is, each.
Also, AULMAC'S SILVER-PLATE LI-
QUID. This Composition will clean and
remove the Tarnish from Silver-gilt Plate,
also keej) white the Dead or Frosted-work in
Silver Plate, and will clean Polished Silver
and Plated Goods with much greater facility
and more brilliancy than if done in the ordi-
nary way. — lu stone bottles, 6rf.aud Is. each.
TO TRAVELLERS, MERCHANTS, CAPTAINS,
SHIPPERS, AND FAMILIES.
W RAY'S CHALYBEATE
GERMAN SEIDLITZ POW-
DERS. Prepared only at 118, Holborn-hill,
London, and sold Wholesale and Retail at
the West End Depot, 9, Agar-street, oppo-
site Charing Cross Hospital, in boxes con-
taining 1 2 glasses, at 2s. each ; and in bottles
fitted in cases, with spoon, measure, &c.,
complete, at 7s, 6/1, and lO*. Od. each, very
convenient for travelling or exportation. Also
Wray's Improved Sodaic, Ginger Beer, and
Lemonade powders, in cases complete, at
5s. 6d. and 7s. 6d. each. A liberal allow-
ance to merchants and captains. Be care-
ful to have the '"Chalybeate German Seid-
litz Powders," prepared only at 118, Holborn-
hill, as no others are genuine. Subjoined
are a few of the many favoureble notices of
the above articles, by the press, with which
M. O. Wray has been honoured, and nume-
rous medical gentlemen and private indivi-
viduals have borne testimony to their supe-
rior efficacy.
" Dr. Granville's delightful Work, ' The Spas of
Germany,' will, no doubt, induce many persons to
visit those celebrated springs who stand in need of
renovated health. In cases, however, where the
baths are not indispensable, and when the chaly-
beate properties of the Seidlitz waters are only re-
quired internally, the German Seidlitz Powders,
maiiufacturtd by M. Wray, Chemist, of Holborn-
hill, will, no doubt, answer every purpose, as we un-
derstand that a correct analysis by several eminent
professors of chemistry has proved that these pow-
ders contain the valuable raineial tonic of the cele-
brated real waters. — Court Journal, July 'i'jth, 1837.
"The Celebrated Spas in Germany. — The
Chalybeate Properties of tlie Seidlitz Waters in Ger-
many, have long been held in high estimation, and
tlieir eflicacy in all cases of Scrofula and other cuta-
neous affections has been fully established A cor-
rect analysis of the powders prepared by Mr. Wray
of Holborn-hill, by several eminent professors of
(Chemistry, has proved that they contain the valua-
ble Mineral Tonic on which the virtues of the real
waters so much depend in an active and unimpaired
state, and the absence of which, in the common
Seidlitz Powders, probably accounts for their utter
inefficacy in all cases where the genuine waters have
proved so highly beneficial. AH the advantages
may now be derived from the use of Mr. Wray's
Chalybeate German Seidlitz powders, as would be
expei'ienced from a resort to those celebrated Con-
tinental springs, the expense and inconvenience of
which too oftim places it out of the reach of many
who would be happy to avail themselves of their
renovating properties" — The News, May 2ith, 1835.
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
27
DEBILITY, NERVOUS IRRITATION,
&c.
MEDICAL ADMONITORS.—
The following; Works are intended to
instruct those interested in these subjects on
points of importance to health or ease of
mind : —
(Twenty-third Edition, 5s. each.)
1st. THE ^.GIS OF LIFE affords a
connprehensive physiological history of the
progress of the solitary passion, libertinism,
and intemperance, exhibiting their rueful
consecpiences, tending to sexual prostration,
with the various forms of nervous irritation
and mental anguish.
2ud. IIYGEIAN A is written for the sensi-
live female, who, while she shrinks abashed
at the idea of revealmg her suflerings, may
find in its pages a conhduntial and capable
adviser. It is esjiecially calculated for timid
and delicate wives, whose maternal hopes
have been deferred.
3d. THE SYPHILIST is intended for
the perusal of those who are suffering from
an insidious complaint, so frequently result-
ing from indiscretion or gaiety, and produ-
cing syphilis, gonorrhcea, gleet, stricture, &c.
TESTIMONIALS.
These books can be safely recommended,
as well for the moral truths they contain as
the extensive and successful result of the
author's experience. — London Morning Jour-
nal.
We agree with the Editor of the London
Morning Journal, and recommend Mr. Goss's
publications for general perusal. — Edinburgh
If'eek/y Paper.
The precepts contained in this Work are
interesting and useful. — Edinburgh Paper.
This publication, while it neither spares
the aged voluptuary nor the youthful jirodi-
gal, offers to both the most important ad-
vantages.— Glasgow Paper.
This work (Hygeiana), is properly called
an analysis of some female complamts : it
is written in a very peculiar style of moral
admonition. — Dublin Morning Journal.
These works have passed through twenty-
two editions; they combine utility with sim-
plicity, and we recommend them accordingly.
— Dublin Weekly Journal.
The above may be had of Sherwood and
Co., Paternoster-row, London ; and of all
Booksellers. — Price 5s. each.
Messrs. GOSS, M. R. C. Surgeon, maybe
consulted, every day, at their house ; and
Patients in the remotest parts of the
country, can be treated successfully on their
describing minutely the case, and enclosing
a remittance for advice and medicine, which
can be forwarded to any part of the world.
No difficulty can occur, as the medicines
will be securely packed, and carefully pro-
tected from observation.
7, Lancaster Place, Strand, Loudon.
t^- NO BETTER CAN BE HAD!
n[^EA DEALERS, Grocers, and
other respectable Shopkeepers may he
immediately supplied with every description
of PLACARDS & WRITTEN TICKETS,
by directing a Letter to Mr. J. Fowi.er,
Post-office, Bethnal Green-road. — J. F. will
wait on any Gentleman in London within
a day's notice, and is provided at all times
with an entensive Assortment, suitable for
Tea Dealers only ; all others done to order.
FASHIONABLE ARTICLES for
the TOILET— Her Majesty's Perfu-
mers, JOHN GOSNELL and CO. (late
Price and Gosnell), have much pleasure in
recommending to the Nobility and Gentry
the following elegancies for the Toilet,
which they with pride can affirm have for
a series of years enjoyed a reputation unpa-
ralleled : —
JOHNSTONE'S PATENT WINDSOR
SOAP, for cleansing and beautifying the
skin, in packets Is. 6d. and 2s. (id. each.
PRICE and GOSNELL'S REAL OLD
BROWN WINDSOR SOAP, for correcting
every hardness in the skin, and rendering it
soft and clear.
PRICE AND GOSNELL'S COLD
CREAM for preventing the skin from
chapping, emitting in use a delightful per-
fume of the rose.
PRICE and GOSNELL'S PATENT
NAPLES CREAM for the complexion, re-
moving tans, freckles, &c., and rendering the
skin beautifully soft.
PRICE and GOSNELL'S MACASSAR
OIL, for preventing baldness, and assisting
the growth of the hair. Messrs. J. G. and
Co. are the sole importers of this invaluable
Oil, which was, in fact, first introduced to
the notice of the British public by their pre-
decessors, Messrs. Price and Gosiull.
PRICE and GOSNELL'S FASHION-
ABLE PERFUMES, comprising Queen
Adelaide's Refreshing Perfiune, Koyal Sove-
reign Perfume (William IV.)
Messrs. John Gosnell and Co. particu-
larly recommend their ROYAL VICTORIA
PERFUME, as being a most fragrant and
delightful scent for the handkerchief.—
Royal Extract of Flowers and New Perfume,
3s. fid. and 5s. i)er bottle ; together with a
variety of others of the most choice and ele-
gant flavour.
PRICE aud GOSNELL'S SILICA
SOAP, for rendering the .>>kin beautifully
soft.
Every other description of British and
Foreign Perfumery, Combs, Brushes, &c. to
be had at the Warehouses of Messrs. JOHN
GOSNELL and CO., IfiO, Regent-street ;
and 12, Three King's-court, Lombard-street,
London ; aud sold by every respectable Per-
fumer, Druggist, and Patent Medicine Ven-
dor throughout the globe.
28
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
ESTABLISHED 1812.— JOHN
GAMBLE (late Donkin and Gambi.k)
77, CoiiNHiLL, London, Patent Preserved
Provision Merchant to Ihe Honourable Com-
missioners for Victualling^ His IMajestv's
Navy, and to the East India Company dui-
inpf the last 22 years ; durinj;^ which time
he has received favourable Rejiorts from
His late Majesty and other Branches of the
Roval Fomdy, from the Lords of the Ad-
miralty, and from the East India Company.
Vide his Book of Reports.
These Provisions will keep perfectly fresh,
•with all their original flavour and nutritious
qualities, for any length of time, and in
any climate. Ready dressed anil fit for
immediate use in Canisters from 21b. to 20
lb. each. Soups in quarts and pints. Real
Turtle at 12s. 6d. per quart.
FRANKS'S SARSINE PASTE,
or ALKAINE COMPOUND of
SARSAPARILLA. This Compound con-
tains the Active Principle of Sarsaparilla, in
combination with other Vegetable Altera-
tives and Tonics, in the most Pure and
Concentrated Form. It will keep in all Cli-
mates, and not deteriorate by Age.
The heretofore difficulties in the prepara-
tions of Sarsaparilla are entirelv obviated
in the chemical combination of FRANKS'S
SARSINE PASTE, at the same time the
efficacy is greatly increased.
*.^* In the Compound Decoction of Sar-
saparilla, .IS ordered to be pn-pared by the
London Pharmacopoeia, the ACTIVE
PRINCIPLE or SARSINE is very par-
tially extiacted; and its great dilution Avith
mucilage and vegetable matter renders it
inert unless taken witbin 24 hours after be
ing prepared, for seldom will it keep longer
in any fluid state.
In Rheumatic Gout, and all Neuralgic
Affections ; in Dyspepsia, Eruptions of the
Skin, Scrofulous Afi'eclions, Enlarged Glands,
Morbid Secretions, &c. ; in General Debility,
and where the Constitution has been im-
pared by the continued use or abuse of Mer-
cury ; and, in fine, wherever it is desirable
to administer the full benefit of Sarsaparilla,
this form of that valuable Vegetable will be
found of the greatest service.
To be had of all Wholesale and Retail
Patent Medicine Venders in the United
Kingdom. In Packages at 4s. 6d. and lis.
each.
FRANKS'S SPECIFIC SOLUTION
OF COPAIBA.
"Within a Period of Two Months, upwards
of Three Hundred Patients were success-
fully treated at the Metropolitan Hos-
pitals with
FRANKS'S SPECIFIC SO-
LUTION of COPAIBA, by Josicpji Henry
GriEF.N, Esq., F.R.S.. one of the Council &f
the Royal College of Surgeons, Surgeon to
St. Thomas's Hospital, and Professor of Sur-
gery in King's College, London.
•' I liave made trial of Mr. Franks's Solution of
Copaiba, at St. Tliomas's Hospital, in a variety of
cases of discliarges ill tlie malt^ and female, and tlie
results warrant my statin?, that it is an efficacious
remedy, and one which does not produce the usual
unpleasant effects of Copaiba.
(Signed) .Ioskpii Henry Green."
"46, Lincoln's-inn-fields, April 15, 18.35."
By Bransby Cooper, Esq., F.R.S., Surgeon
to Guy's Hospital, and Lecturer on Anato-
my, &c. &c.
" ^Ir. Bransliy Cooper presents his compliments
to ]\Ir. George Franks, and has great pleasure in
bearing testimony to the efficacy of liis Solution of
Copaiba in Gonovrhcca, for which disease Mr.
Cooper lias prescribed tlie solution in ten or twelve
cases, with perfect success.
" New-street, Spring-gardens, April 13, 1835."
This invaluable Mtdicine is confidently
recommended in all cases of Gonorrhoea,
Gleets, Urethral Discharges, Sjiasmodic
Strictures, Irritation of the Kidneys, Blad-
der, Urethra, and Prostate Gland ; its puri-
fying effects upon the general health ren-
ders it particularly applicable in all cases of
relaxed fibre and nervous debility.
Prepared only by George Franks, Sur-
geon, !)0 Blackfriars Road, and may he had
of all IMedicine Venders in the United
Kingdom.
Caution. — Lhiless " George Franks, Black-
friars Road," is engraved on the Govern-
ment Stamp, it cannot be genuine.
%'" Mr. Franks may be considied until
Two o'clock dailj'.
PURE EXTRACT OF LIQUORICE.
PREPARED BY W. SMITH AND SON, LONDON.
n|^HIS article is the quintessence of the Liquorice Root in a highly concen-
A trated form, and in the greatest possible state of ]iurity. It is in shape an octangular
lozenge ; and may be had Wholesale and Retail of all Druggists, Grocers, and Confec-
tioners in Town and Country; also at the Apothecaries' Hall, 26, Place Vendome, Paris.
N.B. Please to observe, each Lozenge is marked
"EXTRACT OF LIQUORICE, W. SMITH AND SON."
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
29
IRON AND BRASS BEDSTEADS,
AT
PERRY'S
IRON AND WIRE WORKS,
251, HIGH IIOLHORN.
IRON HURDLES, FENCES. GATES,
Wrought Iron Garden Chairs, Tree Guards, Fiower Borders and Trainers,
Flowerpot Stand*, and every kind (if useful and ornamental Wire
and Iron Work.
I^-THE TRADE SUPPLIED.
PATKNT PORTABLE AND FIXED WATER CLOSETS.
T'O SHIPPERS.— ROBERT WISS invites an inspection of his new
method of fixing WATER, CLOSETS, hy wliich coiitrivaiice the whole ajipavatiis
is contained under tlie seat. They are sent out ready for fixini^, and all excpaiise t)f
cisterns over-head and carpenters' work is saved. They can be placed in any room, and
made to imitate an article of furniture.
CAUTION. — In consequence of unprincipled imitators havinf;^ copied Wiss's (late
Hawkins and Wiss) various Patent Water Closets, and advertised tliem as new and
improved, Ronr-ur Wiss, the actual inventor, very respectfully cautions the public against
the same, and bej^s to acquaint them that durin;^ the last twelve years all the real im-
provements have been eO'ected by R- ^V. himself.
To be seen at the manufactorv. 3S, Charing-cross, near the Admiralty. — A liberal dis-
count to the trade and wholesale purchasers.
(~^& A. OLDRIDGE'S BALM OF COLUMBIA, 1 Wellington Street,
y Strand, London.
To preserve the human hair has been for a long time the unsuccessful pursuit of innu-
merable Chemists and Naturalists, and although there have been various compounds
professing to accomplish this desirable end, still nothing really capable of restoring and
preserving one of the most bcautilul of nature's gifts was discovered until 18'2t. when the
result of a series of experiments tried for a long previous period upon persons of all ages
and constitutions, fully established the infallible vu'tues of this most potent restorative.
The wonderful virtues of this inestimable compound in restoring the hair to its pristine
beauty, and the certainty with which its conservative agency operates in preserving it to the
latest period, has received, as might be expected, the most Mattering testimonials from the
grateful thousands who have experienced its eHticts.
OLDRIDGE'S BALM causes Whiskers and Eyebrows to grow, prevents the hair from
turning grey and from falling off", and the first applicaUun makes it curl beautifully, and
completely /rees it froin scurf.
At the office of the Proprietors C. & A. OLDRIDGE, 1, Wellington Street, Strand, the
most convincing prool« of its infallibility may be seen in innumerable certificates from
Gentlemen of the liist respectabilitj'.
Sohl at the Proprietors (as above), and by all respectable Perfumers and Medicine
Venders, price 'Ss. Gd., Gs. and 1 1*. jier bottle.
N.B. — The Public are requested to be on their guard against Counterfeits. Ask for
C. & A. OLDRIDGE'S BALM, No. 1, Wellington Street, Strand, London.
30 JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER. [1837-8.
UNDER THE PATRONAGE OF
HEll MAJESTY AND THE ROYAL FAMILY,
THEIR IMPERIAL MAJESTIES
THE EMPEROR and EMPRESS of RUSSIA, and the EMPERORS
OF AUSTRIA AND CHINA.
ROWLAND'S
MACASSAR OIL.
A Vegetable Production,
THE ONLY ARTICLE THAT PRODUCES AND RESTORES
HAIR; also WHISKERS, MUSTACHIOS, EYEBROWS, &c. ; prevents Hair
from fallinj^ off or turning giey to the latest period of life ; changes grey hair to its original
Colonr— frees it irom Scurf, makes it beautifully SOFT, CURLY, and GLOSSY. Li dress-
ing H A I R, it keeps it firm in the curl, uninjured by damp weather, crowded rooms, the
dance, or in the exercise of Riding.
To Children, it is invaluable, as it lays a foundation for
A BEAUTIFUL HEAD OF FIAIR.
Caution.— Ask for « ROWLAND'S MACASSAR OIL," and observe their NAME
and ADDRESS, in Red, on the Wrapper, thus —
A. ROWLAND & SON, 20, HATTON GARDEN;
Counter-Signed ALEX. ROWLAND.
The Lowest Price is 3s. Cd.; the next 7s. or Family Bottles, (containing 4 small) at
10s. 6d. ; or Double that size, 1/. Is.
ROWLAND'S
KA.LYDOK.
A Mild and Innocent Preparation, from beautiful EXOTICS; it effectually eradicates
ERUPTIONS, TAN, PIMPLES, FRECKLES, REDNESS, SPOTS, and all Cutane-
ous Imperfections ; renders the most Sallow Complexion delicately Fair, Clear, and de-
lightfully Soft — imparting a healthy Juvenile Bloom, as well as realizing a delicate White
Neck, Hand, and Arm. It prevents and removes every unsightly irregularity, as well as
tenderness of the Skin, whether occasioned by exposure to Cold Winds, the Sun, or any
accidental cause.
GENTLEMEN, after Shaving, will find it allay the irritation and smarting pain, and
i-ender the Skin smooth and pleasant.
Price 4s. 6d. and 8s. 6d. per bottle, duty included.
ROWLAND'S ODONTO,
OR
PEARL DENTIFRICE.
A Vegetable Wliito Powder, prepared from Oriental Herbs of the most Delicious Odour
and Sweetness, and free from any mineral or pernicious ingredient: it eradicates Tartar
from the Teeth, removes decayed Spots, preserves the Enamel, and fixes the Teeth firmly
in their sockets, rendering them beautifully White. Being an Anti-Scorbutic, it eradicates
the Scurvy from the Gums, strengthens, braces, and renders them of a healthy red; it
removes unpleasant tastes from the Mouth, after Fevers, taking Medicine, &c., and imparts
adelightlul fragrance to the breath. — 2s. 9d. per Box.
*^* Notice. — The Name and Address of the Proprietors,
A. ROWLAND & SON, 20, HATTON GARDEN, LONDON,
Is engraved on the Government Stamp, which is pasted on each of the two latter Articles,
also printed in " red,"' on the Wrapper in which the two first are enclosed.
Many Shop-keepers sell Counterfeits of the above, composed of the most pernicious ingre-
dients. They call their trash the " Genuine," and sign A. RowlandSon, omitting the
" &," recommending them as being Cheap.
Be sure to ask for " ROWLAND'S."
Sold by them, and by respectable Perfumers and Medicine Venders.
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
31
No. fi, HAYMARKET.
T OSS of TEETH Supplied, Loose
-*— ' Tet'th Fastened, and Filling Decayed
Teeth with MINERAL MARiVIOREUS.—
Mons. Ai.iiKUT and ("o., Suri^eon Dentists,
No. 6, Haymarket. opposite Her Majesty's
Theatre, continue to su])ply the loss of Teeth
at the following; Paris charpjes : —
A sinpfle artificial Tooth , . £0 1;5 0
A complete Set 5 0 0
A complete set of Natural Teeth
on fine gold plate . . , 15 0 0
An entire set of Natural or Terro-
metallic Teeth, highly finish-
ed in the first style, with fine
gold sockets, usually charged
40 guineas ..... 20 0 0
At homo from Ten till Six.— N. B. No. 6,
Haymarket.
FOGS AND DAMP AIR.
■p A R C L A Y ' S ASTH MATTC
CANDY has, for many years, been
proved an effectual preservative from the ill
effects of the Fogs and Damp Air, which, in
the Winter Season, are so prevalent in this
Climate. Its effects are to expel Wind, to
preserve the Stomach from the admission of
Damps, and to relieve those who sutler from
difficulty of Breathing.
Prepared only by Barclay & Sons, 95,
Farringdon -street, London; and sold, by
their apjiointmcnt, by all respectable Sta-
tioners, Druggists, and Medicine Venders,
in boxes, at 2s. Od, and Is. l^il. each, duty
included.
Observe — None can be genuine, nnless the
names of " Barclay and Sons'" are on the
stamp aifixed to each box.
CROSSTHWAITE and Co.'s
OCCULT LOZENGES,
For the cure of Colds and Coughs. Influenza. Sore Mouths and Throats, Consmnption,
Asthma, Shortness of Breath, Dispersion of Phlegm, Hoarseness, Whee/.ings, and all
complaints of the Chest and Lungs, and are an infallibe Remedy for the Hooping Cough.
''THE OCCULT LOZENGES are a Preventive and a Destroyer
S of incipent seeds of corrupt Consumption, and _^iu confirmed Asthma or Chronic
Diseases of the Chest, they afford immediate relief as well as in all Pulmonary complaints.
For Hooping Cougli they are infallible, generally curing that dreadful complaint in the
short space of 14 to 20 days. The composition of these Lozenges are not only agreeable,
but of so ianocent a nature, that tbej' may be given with perfect security to the most deli-
cate Infant as well as to the robust of all ages, with a positive certainty of success: tliey
invigorate and strengthen the Lungs. Persons occasionally taking them are fortified
against Cold and Inflammation.
Twenty years' experience has placed their beneficial effects beyond the shadow of a
doubt, having in no one instance during that long period fallen short of the desired result.
Prepared (only) by the Proprietors, Ckossthwaite & Co., 23, Thavies Inn, Ilolborn,
London ;
AND SOI.U BY
Messrs. Barclay and Sons, 95, Faning-don-street ; Newbery and Sons, 45, and K. Ed-
wards, 67. St. Paul's Churchyard ; Sutton and Co., Bow Churchyard ; T. Butler, 4, Cheap-
side ; J. Sanger, 150, Oxfoid-street ; T. Prout, 229, Strand, near Temple-bar ; C. F. Strad-
ling, Royal Exchange-gate ; J. T, Bateraan, 8, Castle-street, Leicester-scjuare; W. Blount,
Chemist, 47, Cheyne-walk. Chelsea; Mr. Smith, Chemist, High-street, Hamjistead; S.
Pears, Chemist, near the Plough, Claphaui ; T. R. Mounsey, Chemist, 21, Nelson-street,
Greenwich :
Bristoi, ..by Messrs. Knight ami Co., 25, CoUege-
greeii.
Bath Mv. J. K. King, Market-place.
LivEBPOoL ...C. Ma\vliooii,20, Soutli John-street,
and by most Druggists.
Birmingham M. Banks, No. 5, and W. Wood. 78,
High-street.
Leeds J. Ileaton, 7, Briggate.
Hull J. Lofthouse, Chemist, Maiket-
l>lace.
Edinburgh . .Scott and Orr, 67, Princes-stree,
and all Druggists.
Glasgow ... .1). Campliell, 136, Argyle street,
and all Druggists.
Dundee ....H. Howey, 2, l^eform-street, ami
all Druggists.
Aberdeen . .Forsyth and Klmslie, Castle-street,
and all Druggists,
And their appointed Agents in all the principal Towns in the United Kingdom, in boxes,
price 2s. 6(1. each, duty included.
N. B. — None are genuine but those signed by the Proprietors on the Government Stamp.
Fnll directions for each complaint, including the method of giving them to Infants,
enclosed with every box.
32 JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTTSER. [1837-8.
SOUTH AUSTRALIAN COMPANY,
19, BISHOPGATE STREET, WITHIN,
LONDON.
Capital, 500,000/., m Shares of 25/. Each, with Power to Increase it to 1,000,000/.
Direclors. — G. F. Angas, Esq., Chairman.
Raikes Currie, Esq., M. P.
Cliarles Hindley, Esq., M. P.
Henry Kingscote, Esq.
John Pirie, Esq., Alderman
Christopher Rawson, Esq.
James Ruddell Todd, Esq.
John Riuidle, Esq. M. P.
Thomas Smith, Esq.
Henry Waymouth, Esq.
Juditors. — D. T. Johnson, and W. U. Sims, Esqrs.
Bankers. — Messrs. Ladbrokes, Kingscote, and C-'o.
Solicitors. — Messrs, Bartlelt and Beddome.
Manager. — Edmund John Wheeler, E^q.
Manager in the Colony. — David Mc Laren, Esq.
nprilS COMPANY is formed oliiefly for the purchase and improvement
-«- of land in South Australia, the growth of wool, the pursuit of the Whale and other
fisheries, and establishment of Bank or Banks, and conducting banking operations in or
connected with that Colony,
The Directors announce that their Bank is in active oyieiatiun, and that emi.nants or
persons wishing to make remittances can, by depositing tlieir money at their offict^iu Lim-
don, obtain orders at 30 days' sight, on their Bank in South AustraHa. Also that they
have appointed Agents at the chief eastern ports, on whom their manager in South Austra-
lia can furnish bills to any parlies having to remit from the Colony. "
The Company being proprietors of large quantities of land in South Au.stralia, are wiUinir
to negotiate with Farmers for settling thenon, on liberal terms, and to industrious per^ont
with good character, assistance will be given by an advance of capital. A full ac-ount of
the Colony and of the terms offered to farmers, can be procured at the Company-s offices Cas
above) where also may be had prospectuses detailing the particular objects and principles of
the Company, and every inlormation respecting all Its operations.
EDMUND J. WHEELER, Manager.
T",f RYPOPHAGON, or SUPER ESSENTIAL SHAVINCx SOAP
1 u, '^f"^-'''*^"^,'' ^'^' ''''' SHAVING SOAP has produced severaUpu.tou
and worthless Imiations (the perpetual consequence attendant upon real merit) which m'e
now attempted to be imposed upon the public as genuine, under the same Name, but des-
t. ute of all he yiilues which render the Rypophagon so eminent, and the operation of
Shaving so delightfully Easy, the Proprietors therefore caution their Patrons and the Pub-
lic against purchasing as genuine any but that bearing the Name and Add>-Pc. ,.f iviVT
TER and THOMPSON, 307, High ifolborn, and 15, U?per Noih-placef^^ t? ImS
London, upon the side of the Wn.pp.r, as theirs alone possesses thl power of' prod c^^°' a
Lather which will not dry on the face, whether used in hard, soft, or sea wafer.
It is particularly recommended to Travellers .qs tbn cii->^ii„,.+ i- i- ^ •, ,
wetted chin wUh \u usual aid of a Brush, i^aCsufficK;;?^;;^..^!;^;;^];^:;?,^
sq!a°I-e. ^^' ™''' '''^'''^'■-^^^ Perfumers, &c. &c. &c., throughout the Kingdom, at I,, per-
WINTER and THOMPSON have also accomplished the lVrinnf,ot,„.„ .r •
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
33
LABKRN'S BOTANIC CREAM.
P.atroniseil by Her Most Gracious Majesty,
Her Royal niii;hness tlie Duchess of
Kent ; the Dukes ol' Beaufort, Huccletigh,
Montrose, Devonshire, and Brunswick, &c.
'THIS Popi'l:^'' CREAM Rtandsim-
rivalled as a discovery of the great im-
portance, for streni^theninij;' and promotinj^
the growth of Hair, and completely freeing
it from Sciuf. — Sold by tlie I'roprietor, H.
Labeun, 40, Jiiddstreet, Brunswick-square,
in pots. Is. Gil., 2s. 6'/., and in bottles, at 3s.
GJ. and 5s. each ; and by all perfumers, hair-
dressers, and medicuie venders. Wholesale
agents, Messrs. Atkinson, Bond-street ; J.
Pett, Regent-street ; Patey, Lombard-street ;
Cleaver, Vine-street ; Edwards, St. Paul's
Churchyard ; Sutton, Bow Churchyard ; But-
ler, 4, Cheapside ; and Barclay and Son,
Fariingdoii-street. — Beware of Counterfeits.
Ask for Lahern's Botanic Cream.
IMPORTANT TO THE PUBLIC.
'T'^HE imporlance of the Teeth is
such that the}' deserve our utmost at-
tention, as well witii respect to the presei^va-
tion of them when in a healthj' state, as to
the methods of curing them when diseased.
They require this attention, not only for the
preservation of themselves, as instruments
iiesful to the body, but also on account of
other parts, witii which they are connected ;
for diseases in the teeth are apt to produce
diseases in the neighbouring parts, not un-
frequently of serious consequences. — John
Hlntkh. He who pays no attention to his
teeth, by this single neglect betrays vulgar
sentiments. — LAVAiEit. Mons. I)"KMDEN,
.Surgeon Dentist, 1, Southampton Street,
Strand, may l)e daily consulted on all Per-
tinencies of Dental SiUijery, Artificial
Teeth: Single Tooth, from Ten Shillin-s to
Three Guineas ; a Complete Set from Ten
to Fifty Guineas. Consultations at all times,
gratis. Monsieur D'E.'s charges will at all
times be found extremely moderate. Before
10 in the morning the poor gratify,
1, Southampton Street, Strand.
COPAIBA ENTIRELY SU-
PERSEDED.—BALSAMIC PILLS.
— A certain, safe, and the most speedy re-
medy ever discovered for the permanent
and effectual cure of Gonorrhoea, Gleets,
Strictures, Seminal Weakness, Whites,
Pains in the Loins, Affections of the Kid-
neys, Gravel, Lumbago, Local Debility,
Irritation of the Bladder or Urethra, and
other diseases of the Urinary passages. The
unprecedented success that has attended the
administration of these Pills, since they
were made public, has acquired for them a
sale more extensixe than any other proprie-
tary niediciue extant; and the circum-
stance of their entirely obviating the neces-
sity of having recourse to those disgusting^
nauseous, and in many cases highly injuri-
ous medicines (as copaiba, cubebs,&c.), has
obtained for them a reputation Tmecpialled
in the annals of medicine. \Vithin tlu-ee
years prior to being advertised, these pills
were employed in private practice in up-
wards of 1,«0() cases, many of them most
inveterate, and in many thousand cases
since, and in no one instance known to fail,
or to produce those impleasant symptoms
so often experienced while taking copaiba,
and that class of medicines usu illy resorted
to in these complaints. The proprietor
pledges himsi'lf that not one particle of
C'lpaiha, either resn or balsam, cubebs, or
any deleterious ingredient, i niers into their
composition. Copaiba and cubebs h-ive long
been the most commonly employed nifdi-
cincs in the above complaints; but, from
the uncertainty in their effticts, together with
their utter inefficucy, in many ceisi;s, are
fast declining in reputation; and from tlie
impleasant symptouis iuvariaMy produced
from taking copaiba, especially in the early
stages of the comjilaint, many of the most
able modern practitioners condemn it as
dangerous, and a medicine not to be de-
pended upon. Manv p -rsons, after h.iving
sutlered more from the cfTects of the renu-dy
than the virulence of the disease, and after
a patient but painful perseverance, have
been compelled to relinquish its use, the
whole system having become more or less
aflected, and the disease as bad,if not worse,
than at the commencement. As regards
cubebs, it is true that those violent eiJects
are not experienced as while taking copaiba,
but they seldom effect a cure, unless more
active medicines are administered. The
Balsamic Pills are free from any of the
above objections ; they act specific dly on
the urinar}' passages ; and, from their tonic
properties, tend to strengthen the S3 stem
and improve the general health. They re-
quire neither confinement nor alteration of
diet (except abstinence from stiinulants,
where considerable inflammation exists), and,
as experience has amply proved, the}' will
effect a cure sooner than copaiba (the dan-
gerous results of which, in tlie inflamma-
tory stages, are too well known to need fur-
ther comment), or any other medicine u\
present use, and may be justly considered
the only safe anil efficacious remedy in all
stages of those disorders. In addition to
these advantages, the very convenient form
in which this invaluable preparation is of-
fered to the public must also i)e considered
a desideratum.
Prepared only by M. O. Wray, at No. 118.
Holborn-hill, London ; and may be had of
all respectable Medicine Venders in Town
and Country, at 2s. 9d., 4s. bd., and lis.
each box.
*,* The above are sold wholesale and
retail at the West-end Depot, 9, A gar-street,
opposite Charing-cross Hospital.
c
34
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
EALTH and LONGEVITY.—
Experience has proved be)'ond dispute
t?iat those who are attentive to keej)ing the
stomach and bowels in proper order preserve
health, prevent disease, and generally attain
cheerful and heaUhy old age. For that
truly desirahle purpose STIRLING'S STO-
MACH PILLS are particularly adapted,
heing prepared with the sulphate of quinine,
extract of chamomile-flowers, and the most
choice stomachic and aperient drugs of the
materia medica. They have, in all cases,
proved superior to every other medicine in
the cure of stomach and liver complaints,
loss of appetite, indigestion, sensation of ful-
ness and oppression after meals, flatulence,
shortness of breath, spasms, worms, and all
disorders incident to the stomach and bowels,
and an excellent restorative after any excess
or too free indulgence at the table, as they
gently cleanse the bowels, strengthen the
stomach, improve digestion, and invigorate
the whole constistitution. Females who
value good health should never be without
them, as they purify the blood, remove ob-
structions, and give the skin a beautiful,
clear, Iiealthy, and blooming appearance.
Persons of a plethoric habit, who are sub-
ject to fits, head-ache, giddiness, dimness
of sight, or drowsiness, from too great a
flow of blood to the head, should take them
frequently. Children, and persons of all
ages, may take them at any time, as they
do not contain mercury or any ingredient
that requires confinement or restriction of
diet. Many healthy aged individuals (se-
veral of them distinguished members of the
Royal College, who know their value) make
it a rule to take them two or three times a
week, by which they remove the causes that
produce disease, preserve their health, and
keep off the infirmities of age. They should
be kept in every family as a remedy in cases
of sudden illntss ; for, by their prompt ad-
ministration, cholera morbus, gout in the
stomach, cramps, spasms, fevers, and other
alarming complaints, which too often prove
fatal, may be speedily cured or prevented.
Prepared by J. W. Stirling, chymist, 86,
\Vhitechapel,in boxes at Is. \^(L,2s. 9d., 4s.
fid., and \\s. each; and may be had of the prin-
cipal medicine venders in town and country.
Ask for Stirling's Stomach Pills.
-pRUPTIONS on the SKIN,
"'-^ Scrofula, Scorbutic Affections, &c. —
ALTERATIVE-TONIC POWDERS and
PILLS, a certain specific for the removal
of secondary symptoms, eruptions of the
skin, pains in the bones, ulcerated sore
throat, chronic rheumatism, scrofula, scor-
butic and glairdular affections, local and
general debdity, loss of appetite, depression
of spirits, and all diseases arising from an
impure state of the blood. These powders
are composed of the finest Sarsaparilla im-
imported, selected and reduced to a powder
by a method peculiar to the proprietor, by
which process the whole of its active prin-
ciples are secured, and is combined with
tonics and alteratives of the greatest effi-
cacy. The)' have long been employed by the
proprietor, and the physicians and surgeons
attending his establishment, with decided
success in all the above affections, and, by a
little perseverance, may be taken with a po-
sitive certainty of efltcting a radical cure ;
and where sudorifics or diaphoretics have
been employed in some of the above com-
plaints, these powders have been found to
entirely supersede their use. The virtues of
Sarsaparilla have been long known, and de-
servedly appreciated in all secondary symp-
toms, and in those diseases arising from an
impure state of the blood ; and from an ex-
tensive experience in this metropolis for the
last twelve years, the proprietor, having
employed all the various pharmaceutical
and other preparations in Sarsaparilla with-
out success, has ascertained that the cer-
tainty and uniformity in the effects of Sar-
saparilla entirely depend on its being admi-
nistered in substance, combined efficaciously
with auxiliaries, and that the various prepa-
rations under the denomination of decoctions,
extracts, essences, syrups, &c., &c., hitherto
used, can never be depended upon for pro-
ducing any real or permanent benefit. The
proju-ietor therefore has no hesitation in
in recommending this invaluable medicine
as the most efficacious preparation of the
Sarsaparilla extant, and persons in the habit
of taking it in any form whatever are
strongly solicited to make trial of this pre-
paration, and they will soon be convinced of
its superior efficacy over all others. — Per-
sons in the habit of taking Quinine will
find these powders by far the most effica-
cious tonic-
Prepared only by the proprietor, M. O.
Wra)', 118, Holborn-hiU, London, and where
they are sold wholesale and retail ; also at
the West-end depot, 9, Agar Street, Strand,
opposite Charing-cross hospital ; and may be
had of Messrs. Barclay and Sons, 95, Far-
ringdon-street ; Edwards, 67, St. Paul's
Church-yard ; Butler, 4, Cheapside ; Sut-
ton and Co., 10, Bow Church-yard ; and
retail by Stradling, Gate of the Royal Ex-
change ; Sanger, 150, Oxford-st ; Norton
and Lowe, 47, Blackfriars-road ; and all the
respectable Patent Medicine venders in
Town and Country, in Packages at 4s. 6d.,
and lis., and 21s., each. Where also may
be had
WRAY'S CELEBRATED BALSAMIC
PILLS.
A certain, safe and the most speedy remedy
ever discovered for the permanent and
effectual cure of gonnorrhcea, gleets, stric-
tures, seminal weakness, whites, pains in
the loins, affections of the kidneys, grave),
lumbago, local debility, irritation of the
.bladder or urethra, and other diseases of the
urinary passages, frequently performing a
perfect cure in the short space of a few days.
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
35
INDIA.
'TO OFFICERS in the QUEEN'S
■ or Company's Service proceeding to join
their Regiments. Cadets, Assistant Surgeons,
and Writers. Gentlemen proceeding to In-
dia in either of ihese Services may be sup-
plied, with tlie utmost promptitude, vvitli
every article of Weniug Apparel, Bedding,
Cabin Furniture, Camp Equipage, &c., on
the most economical scale, by MAYNARD
and Co., 27, Poultry.
The articles at this Establishment are
nnitbrmly prepared with regard to usefulness
and durability ; and their extensive connec-
tion with India enables them to compile an
Outfit so as to avoid all unnecessary ex-
pense.— Regimental and Military Equip-
ments completed with perfect accuracy ac-
cording to the latest regulations.
Ladies' Outfits prepared in the best
manner.
Their New Camp Cut, forming a Sofa,
Swing Cot, or Field Bed, will be found very
important in an equiiiment for India.
Passage Agency, Plans, and correct infor-
mation of every Ship sailing to India and
New South Wales, may be obtained, the
Passage engaged, and Ijaggagealso shipped,
through this medium, at a considerable sav-
ing of time, trouble, and expense.
. MAYNARD and Co., 27, Poultry, next the
Mansion House.
FOR COUGHS, COLDS, ASTHMAS,
HOARSENESS, DIFFICULTY OF
BREATHING, HOOPING-
COUGH, &c.
CO L L I S ' S ESSENCE OF
HONEY.— This valuable Essence pos-
sesses all the medicinal properties of HO-
NEY in the highest perfection, which ren-
ders it agreeable to the most delicate
stomach, and from its salubrious properties
it preserves the lungs from the efJects of
damp and putrid air in this variable cli-
mate; it stills the most tormenting cough,
procures rest, and quickly produces a free
and gentle expectoration. It constantly
takes off the fever, clears all obstructions of
the breast and lungs of ever so long stand-
ing, recruits the strength, raises and re-
freshes the spirits, an<l removes the effect
of a common cold in a few hours. If it be
in the power of medicine to stop the ravages
of that cruel disease Consumption, Collis's
Essence of Honey will effect it.
Prepared and Sold Wholesale (only) and
Retail by R. Johnston, Chemist, 68, Corn-
hill, London, at 1$. 1^^^. per bottle, or 3 in
one 2s. Od. Sold also by T. Prout, 229,
Strand; J. Sanger, 150, and Hannay and
Co., 63, Oxford-street; Willoughby, 61,
Bishopsgate-street Without; Stirling, 86,
Whitechapel ; Hallows, Islington ; Gitford,
104, Strand ; and most Medicine-venders.
FOR CHILDREN CUTTING THEIR
TEETH.
MRS. JOHNSON'S AMERI-
CAN SOOTHING SYRUP.— This
infallible Remedy has j)reserved hundreds of
Children, when thought past recovery, from
Convulsions arising from painful dentition.
As soon as the Syrup is rubbed on the
Gums, the Child will be relieved, the Gums
cooled, and the inflammation reduced. It
is as innocent as etKcacious, tending to pro-
duce the Teeth with ease ; and so pleasant
that no Child will refuse to let its Gums be
rubbed with it. When Infants are at the
age of four months, the Syrup should be
rubbed on the Gums ; and Parents should
never be without the Syrup in the Nursery
where there are yoiuig children ; for if a
Child wakes in the night with pains in the
(tuuis, the Syrup immediately gives ease;
thereby preventing Convulsions, Fevers, &c.
— The great success of this Medicine during
the last Twenty-five Years has induced un-
principled persons to imitate it, imder the
name of American Soothing Syrup, and
copying parts of Mrs. Johnson's Bills, &c.
Parents will, therefore, be very particular
to ask for JOHNSON'S AMERICAN
SOOTHING SYRUP, and to notice that
the Names of Barclay and Sons, 'J5, Far-
ringdon-street, London (to whom IMrs. John-
son has sold the recipe), is on the stamp af-
fixed to each bottle.
WORMS DESTROYED.
lyrEDICINE never witnessed a
more important Discovery than in
PRITCHETT'S VEGETABLE VERMI-
FUGE, a remedy that, contrary to all others,
neither purges, vomits, nor otherwise affects
the constitution ; requires no confinement,
has neither taste nor smell, and is so harm-
less that it may be taken hy an infant of
an hour old ; yet never, in one instance,
failed destroying every worm in the body, of
which ample and undoubted testimonies are
given with it. It is the actual discovery of
a medical practitioner of eminence, who may
be readily referred to, and who solemnly
asserts it contains not a particle of calomel,
scammony, gamboge, or other drastic ar-
ticle.
PRITCHETT'S VEGETABLE VER-
MIFUGE is prepared by Bakci.ay and Sons,
No. 95, Farringdon-street (late D. Prit-
chett) ; and sold in large packets, price 2s.
9(1. sufficient for a grown person, or three
small children ; or in small packets, price
Is. l^d. sufficient for a child : sold also by
all Medicine Venders in Town and Country.
t^g" Observe the Name of " Barclay
and Sons " on the stamp affixed to each
packet of the Powders, without which they
cannot be genuine.
c2
36
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
BALSAM OF SPERMACETI.
Coughs, Asthmas, Shortness of Breath,
Wheezing, Colds, soreness, tightness, and
oppression of the Chest; and most affec-
tions of the Chest and Lungs, relieved in
ten minutes, by taking one dose of Woou-
house's Balsam ov Spekmaceti, or Pkc-
ToiiAL CouGU Dijops. Persons doubting
the efficacy of this medicine may take a
dose in the proprietor' s shop before they
purchase. The proprietor earnestly recom-
mends a trial of these drops to persons af-
flicted with the above complaints, but he
does not introduce them as being an infal-
lible cure (as many do), but is warranted
in asserting their efficacy from the extensive
relief aifbrded in numerous cases of the
above description. Constitutional coughs
of three, four, or more years' standing, have
been cured in the course of a week by the
use of these drops. In the Hooping and
Chin Coughs it will be found equally valu-
able ; it will at all limes relieve the most
violent Consumptive Cough. — In botlles,
Is. l^d., 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., aird 10s. 6d. each.
UNDER THE ESPECIAL PATRON-
AGE OF HIS MOST GRACIOUS
MAJESTY,
As the following letter, received from Ma-
jor-General Sir Henry Wheatley, Keeper
of the Privy Purse, testifies : —
" Sir. — I am honoured with the King's
commands to express His Majesty's sense of
your polite attention in sending the two
bottles of Essence of Ginger. His Majesty has
been pleased to direct me to forward you ten
pounUs in payment for it — enclosed you
will find that amount. — I am, Sir, your's
obediently,
II. WHEATLEY.
St. James's Palace, June 25th, 1835.
To Mr. Decimus Woodhouse."
WOODHOUSE'S y^.THEREAL ES-
SENCE OF GINGER is recommended to
all cold, phlegmatic, weak, and nervous
constitutions ; it is certain in affording in-
stant relief in Cholera IMorbus, Spasms,
Cramps, Flatulence, Languor, Hysterics,
Heartburn, Loss of Appetite, sensation of
Fulness, pain and o])pression after meals ;
also those pains of the Stouiach and Bowels
which arise from Gouty Flatulencies ; Di-
gesticm, however much impaired, is restored
to its pristine statu by the use of this Es-
sence for a short tnue.
N.B. — As a restorative after an attack of
the Influenza, this Essence will be found
most beneficial, by giving tone to the sto-
m:icli, and vigour to the whole frame.
The undernamed, and 208 other medical
men, have given certificates of their unqua-
lified approbation of the value of the Es-
sence, as also of its superiority over all other
similar preparations. Drs. James Johnson,
Physician to His Majesty, D. Davies,
Surgeon to their Majesties, J. II. Curtis,
Aurist to His Majesty.
These preparations are prepared only by De-
cimus WoouHousi?, Operative Chemist Extra-
ordinary to his late IMajesty, 43, late 1 8, King
Wiiliam-street, New Loudon Bridge, aud
sold by him wholesale and retail; and to be
had of all medicine venders in town and
country. — Country venders may be supplied
through their town agents. Sold in bottles
at 2s. Gd., 4s. 6d., 10s. 6d., and 21s. each.
CAUTION. — To prevent imposition, be
sure to see the name of Decimus Wood-
house, 18, King WiUiam-street, London-
bridge, which IS engraved on the government
stamp, otherwise cannot be genuine.
BATH.
IJIENRY SUTTON, Accountant,
Geufial AjHut, and Collector, 6, West-
gati- Buildings, Bath.
N B. A Vacancy for an Articled Pupil.
TEETH AND PALATES
''PHE NOBILITY and GENTRY
-■- are res|-ectfully iniormed that TEETH
of the late.it and most improved construc-
tion are made ami fixed by !Mk. F. B.\YN-
TUN, Surgfon Dentist. No. fi. P.iragon
Buildings, Bath, on an unerring principle
so true to nature that ariic'dntion and mas-
sicati.in, with ease and comfort, are woi:-
di r uHy restoied to the patient. The beauty
and durability, with the very moderate
charges, Mr. F. B. guarantees cannot be
surpassid by any Dentist in the kingdom.
No ch.irge made unles.s the ])atient be per-
lecily satisfied. Mr. F. B.. beuig an inha-
bitant I^entist, and exe.-uting the mecliani-
cal part of the | rofes'-ion at home, can war-
rant the above statemmt to be scrupulously
Correct.
Every operation in Dental Surgery per-
formeil on safe and certain principles.
N.B. — A Vacancy for an Articled pupil
to reside with the family, who would be
considered a member of the same, and treated
as such.
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
37
TO ADVERTISERS.
IN the Parliamentary Return of
Stamps issued to the London and Pro-
vincial Nfwspapeis, from tlie 1st of January
to the 30th of .lune. lSo7, the total nuin-
her assigned to tho BATH AND CHEL-
TENHAM GAZETTE is 19,500; or only
750 Weeklj-. As this statemint is calculated
grossly to mislead Advertisers, the\' are re-
spectfully informed, that on the 4th inst.
(September) a solemn '• Declaration "' was
duly made before the Ma\or of Bath, by
John Siade, a Pressm^in employed fur the
last 14 years at the Office of the " Bath
and Cheltenham Gazette," to the effect, —
That he (Slade) assisted in printing every
Number of the Paper throughout the six
months in question : that it was a part of
his regular duty to take an exact account of
the number of Papers printed every week ;
that, in the period sjiecitied, he did accord-
ingly keej) a very exact account of the num-
ber of copies of the " Bath and Cheltenham
Gazette" which he so assisted in printing ;
and that, on a very careful computation of
the same, he finds the total number to amount
to2G,630; or,
1024 WEEKLY.
This •■'Declaration" is equivalent to an oath,
in which form indeed Slade went prepared
to make it : but the Legislature has by a
recent Act substituted, in all such cases, tho
making of a solemn Declaration in the place
of an AHidavit. In the "Bath and Chel-
tenham Gazette" of the 5th instant, as also
in that of the 12th, the farm of ihe " De-
claration" as made before the Mayor of
Bath, is given in detail. Other document-
ary evidence, of the most unexceptionable
character, is likewise adduced, confirmatory
of the amount of the circulation of tho
*• Bath and Cheltenham Gazette" as stated
in Slade's " Declaration." The discrepancy
between the Government Return and the
facts of the case must have arisen from the
circumstance of 8000 Stamps having been
supplied for the " Bath and Cheltenham
Gazette" at the very close of the year 1836,
and which were therefore necessarily ex-
cluded from the Government Return.
BRISTOL.
CROWN FIRE OFFICE, EXCHANGE BUILDINGS, BRISTOL,
* ESTABLISHED IN THE YKAll 1718,
For Insuring Houses and other Buildings, Household Furniture, Stocks in Trade, Goods,
Merchandise, and Shipping in Port, from Loss or Damage by Fire.
Directors :
John Haythorne, Chairman
Geo. Gibbs, Deputy Chairman
Joseph Cookson
Charles Payne
Henry Bush
John Hurle
managing Director : — Thomas Camplin.
I^HIS Company effect Insurances at the following REDUCED SCALE
■*■ OF PREMIUMS:
On Common Insurances at Is. 6d. per Cent.
On Hazardous ditto at 2s. 6d. per Cent.
On Double Hazardous ditto at 4s. 6d. per Cent.
And on all other Propiirty an equally liberal abatement is made. — They therefore rely with
confidence on the support of the Pbiblic from the well-known promptitude which they have
always displayed in the adjustment of claims made upon them.
Printed Receipts for Insurances falling due on the 29th of September, are now ready for
delivery, and are requested to be renewed on or heforc the 14th day of October next, as the
usual 13 days allowed fiir payment will then expire.
Policies gratis for 300/. and upwards.
Enginc-House, Nelson-street, where the Engineer resides.
ILLIAM NENER, Haulier, No. 2, Love Street, Hotwells.
Spring Vans always ready for the removal of Houskhold Furmtuke and Luggage,
of every description, at the shortest notice.
Musical Instruments, Wines, Glass, &c., Carefully removed. Landau Flys to be let
on Hire.
38
JOURNAL OF TRA.DE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
THE BRISTOL GENERAL STEAM NAVIGATION COMPANY
have Steamers of the first class suitable for each station, plying between that port and
the under-mentioned ones : —
Dublin, Waterford, Cork, twice in the week — from Bristol on Tuesdays and Saturdays,
and from the opposite ports on Tuesdays and Fridays.
Tenby, Milford, Haverfordwest, and adjacent places, once a-week or ten days during the
winter season, and twice in the week in the summer.
Lynmouth and Ilfracombe twice a-week in the summer, Swansea four times a-week during
the greater part of the year.
Newport daily throughout the year.
Agents, George Lunell & Co., Quay, Bristol.
THE BRISTOL UNION FiRE INSURANCE OFFICE.
Capital, £250,000.
Established on the 5th of January, 1818, on the following bases: —
COLID security under the efficient Guarantee of a numerous and responsible
^ body of Proprietors, without attaching any responsibility to the Insured.
A prompt and liberal discharge of all just claims, and sedulous attention to the conveni-
ence and accommodation of the Public, in all transactions connected with the Office.
Insurers with the above Company against loss by Fire, will derive the following advan-
tages : —
No charge made for Policies when the sum insured amounts to 300/.
All losses from Fire occasioned by Lightning made good.
No Fees for Endorsements or Alterations.
No Charge for any survey ; and in case of Fire, every reasonable expense attending the
removal of Goods will be allowed.
Directors :
James Johnson, Esq. Chairman
Peter Maze, Esq.
F. C. Husenbeth, Esq.
Michael II. Castle, Esq.
Frederick Ricketts, Esq.
Robert Bruce, Esq.
James Lean, Esq.
Samuel James, Esq.
Jno. Howe, Esq.
Robert Leonard, Esq.
Thos. Carlisle, Esq.
Jno. J. Mogg, Es(|.
William Prichard, Secretary.
Proposals for Insurance may be had gratis, 19, Corn Street, Bristol. Oct. 17th, 1837.
Engine Establishment, Baldwin Street.
FOREIGN WINE-HOUSE,
86, Stokes" Croft, Bristol.
r^HARLES TOVEY respectfully
^^ thanks a generous public for the kind
encouragement that has been so liberally
awarded to him since his commencement;
he begs to assure them that h's whole en-
deavours are directed to supply the public
with Cheap as well as Pure WINKS, in
which enterprise he h:is been hitherto suc-
cessful. His large and continual importa-
tion of the fine Wines of the South of
France, the Roussillou and Masden giving
such general satisfaction, cannot fail to place
these Wines on a permanent basis. To en-
large here upon the numerous Wines of
this Establishment would be impossible :
Strangers are respectfully invited to inspect
the Stock, where every attention will paid
to them, and Samples most readily shown.
CHARLES TOVEY. Importer of Foreign
Wines and Spirits, Foreign Wine House,
86, Stokes' Croft, Bristol.
COX'S EATING-HOUSE,
St. Nicholas' Steps, Bristol.— To Cap-
tains of Ships, Sea-faring Men in general,
and Others frequenting the Port of Bristol,
JAMES COX returns his sincere thanks
to his Friends and the Public for the very
liberal support he has experienced for so
many years; and hopes, by strict attention,
and providing Articles of the first and most
CHOICE MEATS, to merit a continuance
of the same. At this Establishment are re-
regiilarly to be had BREAKFAST, TEA,
and COFFEE, and HOT DINNERS, from
Eight in the Morning until Ten at Night.
J. C. is well aware that he can serve his
Friends, and those that may honour him
with their custom, with as comfortable
Rooms, and as good Provisions, and at a
lower rate than any other house in the city.
If only once favoured, he is assured he will
meet a coatinuance of their Patronage,
which it will it always be his utmost endea-
vour to deserve.
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
30
■pLINT- GLASS ESTABLISH-
-■- MENT, Importer and Dealer iii
Genuine Old Cork Whiskey; Kathburn's
Celebrated Wax and Sperm Candles and
Depot i'or the Sale of Genuine Irish SnufF.
J. SULLIVAN avails himself through
the present medium to return his grateful
acknowled<5meut to his Friends and the
Public who have honoured him with their
patronage, and trusts that furnishing them
with good articles, and reasonableness of
terms, will secure to him the continuance of
their favours and recommendation.
3, College- place, Bristol,
3rd Oct., 1837.
GMUSTON, CHRONO-
• METER MAKER to the Honour-
able Board of Admiralty, and Manufacturer
of Clocks and ^Vatches of every descrip-
tion, I, Small-street, Bristol; and 5, Leaden-
hall-street, London.
PDWARD BROUGHTON and
-*-^ SON, 4, Welch-bank, Biistol, Provi-,
sion and Salt Merchants ; wholesale and
for exportation.
Commission-agents and Ship-brokers,
Wharfingers, &c.
G. MILES, TAILOR & DRAPER,
11 & 2'), Lower Arcade, Bristol.
DEFORM YOUR TAILOR'S
BHjLS. — Gknti.kmkn, — Do you study
Economy, Respectability and Fashion P If
so, you may insure a saving of full 25 per
cent, by giving your orders at this establish-
ment, as G. M. is now making a Dress Suit
of Superfine Black for 3/. 10s., and all other
Materials equally Cheap. G. M. flatters
himself that one trial wdl be sufficient to
prove that a fiood Article, Workmanship,
and an Exquisite Fit, are not the exclusive
property of the Credit Houses.
A Suit of Clothes made complete in
Eight Hotu's if required.
ECONOMIC CLOTHES MART,
10, Upper Arcade, Bristol,
J JORDAN, Tailor and Men's Mercer, begs respectfully to return his
sincere thanks to his Friends aud the Public, for the very liberal support be has
received since his commencement in business, and begs to assure them that it will be his
constant study to merit a continuance of their iavoius. In submitting to the Public a list
of his prices, J. J. begs to assure them, that notwithstanding the very low charges, the
Articles will be composed of excellent materials well manufactured, and in the First Style
of Fashion ; an assurance, the guarantee for the fulfilment of which is, Nine Years' Expe-
rience, the Best Workmen, and a constant communication with the First London and
Parisian Houses.
Dress or Riding Coats.
Good Spanish Wool
Superfine Saxony, any colour
Extra superfine ditto
Frock Coats.
Good Spanish wool
Superfine Saxony .
Extra sivperfine ditto, from
Trousers. £. s. d.
Prime Russell Cord, Rail-road,
Buckskin, or Kerseymere
Prime Buckskin, Saxonj^, Kersey-
mere, or Leather Cloth
Waistcoats.
Prime Valencia
(or three for a guinea)
Extra Dress ditto, from .
Splendid Silk, from
Ditto French Satin, or Embossed
Silk Velvet, from . .15 0
Pilot, Petersham, or Harrington Coats (newest fashion), from \l, 8s. ; Spanish, Opera, and
other Cloaks, aud every other article, at^equally Low Prices.
£.
s.
d.
1
14
0
2
5
0
2
10
0
1
18
0
2
10
0
2
15
0
OJ
16
0
1
6
0
0
7
6
0
10
0
0
12
0
Superfine Cloth.
Two Suits per year
Contract by the Year.
£.
. 7
Threa ditto . . .9
Four ditto . . .12
Extra Superfine.
Two Suits per year .
Three ditto
Four ditto
Fine Saxony Cloth.
Two Suits per year
Three ditto
Four ditto
loth
.
£.
s. d.
,
,
7
10 0
.
10
5 0
.
.
13
0 0
£.
s.
d.
8
0
0
11
0
0
14
0
0
Country gentlemen, desirous o*" contracting, by sending an old suit and remittance, may
iceive a new suit, warranted to fit well. A Good Fit Warranted.
Observe ! No. 10, Upper Arcade, Bristol.
40 JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER. [1837-8.
LEVY'S BRISTOL BAZAAR,
AND GENERAL FURNISHTNG DEPOT,
7, UNTON-STREET, BRISTOL.
THE Proprietors of the BRISTOL BAZAAR have the honour of
announcint^ the arrival of the whole of their new and elegant ARTICLES, pur-
chased (^to an unlimited extent) expressly for the present Season, comprising LAMPS for
the Drawing and Dining-rooms, Hall, Passage, Library, Study, and lied-room, from the
most superlj and costly designs, to the cheapest and plijinest. An elegant Six-light Draw-
ing-room Lamp (of this season's ])attern) for 5/. 10s. ; a Table or Sideboard ditto, with neat
classic pedestal, complete, for 25s. ; handsome Hall or Passage Lamps, in the Gothic,
Etruscan, and Medician style, from l'2s. 6(/. An immense Stuck of the PATENT CANDLE
LAMPS, comprising the greatest possible variety of patterns, from 12*. 6(/. ; also, the
Patent Candles, at 9^^/ per lb. A superb and most elegant collection of LUSTRES and
CHIMNEY-PIEGE'CANDLESTICKS, in bronze or ormolu, from 12s. 6d. per pair ; in
Glass, from 18s. per pair ; also, a choice collection of the much-admired CORNUCOPIAS,
from 18s. to 4 guineas the pair; with an almost endless assortment of Ornaments, adapted
for the drawing-room, dining-room, parlour, toilet, or boudoir, in hronze, ormolu, china,
shell, papit'i'-machee, glass, &c. About 300 beautiful fancy INKSTANDS, in silver,
jjlati^'d, buhl, shell, rosewood, bronze, ormolu, papier-machee, china, glass. &c.
The Stock of SILVER PLATE has received considerable additions of elegant Tea and
Coffee Services, Salvers, Baskets, Cujis, &c. Also, the Sheffield Plate, with massive silver
edges, of handsome sets of d\sh-covers, side dishes and warmers, tureens, epergnes, large
salvers (30-inch), waiters, baskets, cruet and liqueur frames, branches and candlesticks, tea
and coftlse services, castors, snuffers and trays, wine coolers, &c. A set of handsome side
dishes and covers (forming eight without the handles), for nine guineas; a set of five
elegant plated Dish Covers, with silver handles and sliields, 12, 14, 16, 18, and 20.inch, for
twenty guineas. Dessert Knives and Forks (plated on steel blades, with silver, pearl, and
ivory handles, from 45s. per dozen pair. MERRY'S first-quality BRITISH PLATE
Table Sjjoons and Forks, 30s. per dozen; Dessert do. do. 24s.; Tea, Pis. per dozen; Can-
dlesticks, Coffee and Tea-pots. Toast-racks, Snufier-trays, Chamber-candlesticks, &c.
To the GENERAL FURNISHING DEPARTMENT has been added elegant and
well-manufacturi'd Cabmet Furniture in all its branches. Chimney and Dressing Glasses;
sitperl) London bninze Urns and Kettles ; 500 sets of Papier-Machee and Japan Tea-trays,
from the plainest and clieapest, to the most beautifully-ornamented ; Table and Fancy Cut-
lery, by the best makers ; bronze Fenders and Fire-uons; best Britannia Metal Tea and
Coifes'-pots ; brass Poleing and Ornaments.
Tlie Stuck of best CUT GLASS will be found most choice and extensive, comprising all
the newest patterns. Cut Wines from 7s. C</. a-dozen; strong Half-pint Cut Tumblers,
l2s. 6(1. a-dozen; cut Quart Decanters, 9s. Gd. per pair. Every other article in the same
proportion.
A splendid assortment of elegant drawing-room, dining-room, and hall CLOCKS, with
and without Music. — A round (eight-day) Hall Clock, four guineas. Also a variety of
laige and small curious Musical Picmre Clocks.
Tlie Slock if Gold and Silver WATCHES is most extensive, including the flat Geneva
horiziintai, and British piitent lever, with their latest improvements. A patent detaclied
lever, with engine-turned silver cases, capped and jewelled (hig'ulv fini^hed), (i/. 6s. An
eleijant flat Geneva horizontal W.itch, in gold cases, exquisitely-finished movement, jew-
elled iia four holes, nine guineas; the same, vertical escapement, in gold cases, 6/. 10s.
An extensive assortment of Town-made soi.iu Gold Guard Chains, new patterns, 11 yard
long, from three guineas. — Ladies' somd Gold Neck Chains, from four guineas. — A com-
plete and fashionable Stock of best London-manufactured Gold Je\velli;ky, in the most
fashionai'le articles. — A recent importation from France of the newest patterns in imitative
Giihl .lewellery, Romal Pearl, Jet, and Berlin Ornaments; also a choice variety of Cameo
and Enamelled Ornaments.
The largest and cheapest Stock of FANCY CABINET WORK in the Empire; Writing
Desks, from nine shillings to twelve guineas; Woik Boxes, from 3/. Gs. to 11 guineas;
Dressing Cases, from 14s. to 50 guineas; Caddies, from 4s, 6(/. to 9 guineas, and all the
intermediate prices ; Work Ta\)ies, Tea-poys, Liqueur and i\Iedicine Chests, Leather Tra-
velling (lases, Dressing Cases, &c., and Musical Work Boxes. — An assortment of large and
poweiiul Musical Boxes ; also about 300 small two and three-tune ditto ; an excellent
two-tune box, at 20s. — French and German improved Accordians, from 6 to 21 keys. — A
variety of sujierior Harmonicas (glass) at reduced prices. — Excellent Flutes, and every other
description of JMusrcal Instruments.
1837-8.] JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER. 41
A quantity of" Kast-India and Chint-se Work, chess-men, boards, card-boxes, counters,
backf^amnion boards, playiup; cards, bagatelle tables, toys, combs, brushes, soaps, baro-
meters, thermometers, microscopes, telescopes, &c.^ and a variety of useful and ornamental
ariicles, too numerous for insertion. Caud Casks, in silver, pearl, ivory, shell, leather, &c. ;
Lancet Cases, Scent Bottles, &c. ; gold, silver, shell and steel Si'ectaclks, to suit all ai^es
or defects of sight (gold, with pebbles, '3bs.; silver, with pebbles, If)*. ; blue steel, with
coloured glasses, 3s. (id. per jiair). Mordan's ever-pointed Pencil-cases, &c.
A large (pumtity of highly-finished GUNS and PISTOLS, and Gun and Sporting Im-
plements, at unusu.rllv low prices.
This unique STOCK must be seen to be appreciated : the public, therefore, are respect-
fully solicited to inspect it, and will not be expected to purchase, unless compatible with
their wishes.
The Proprietors continue to furnish Houses completely, by contract or otherwise, having
the resDurces always on the Establishment for supplying every article from the kitchen to
the attic.
Ail articles juu-chased at the Bazaar exchanged if not approved. — Merchants, Captains,
and the Trade supplied.
Lamps, Glass, and Plate, or any other Article, lent to Hire.
The principle on which this Business is based is that of attending the various Manufac-
tories jiersonally, and piuchasiiig for cash, to any extent — a system as eminently advan-
tageous to the Public as it has been successful to the Proprietors. The prices and quality,
which are always open for inspection, must establish that fact, beyond all doubt ; and, if
further confuinatiou were necessary, persons have only to direct their attention to the
peculiar feeling (the very reverse of that arising from fair competition) exhibited on all
occasions by a jxsrtion of the Bristol Trade, who are affected by this system, and whose
motives a discerning public cannot fail to appreciate.
Country Orders punctually attended to.
To Persons in search of uncommon Articles for Presents, this Establishment offers
advantages superior to most others.
IMPORTANT TO INNKEEPERS AND LARGE FAMILIES.
MERRY'S CELEBRATED IMITATION SILVER.
This justly-celebrated Article may be obtained at the above Establishment at the
following Reduced Prices: —
Marrow spoons, 5s. Cd. each
S.iuce and butter ladles, 5s. each
('arver rests, 4s. 6d. per jiair
Sugar ladles, pierced, 'Js. 6d. each
Dessert knives and Ibrks, with ivory handles
and silver ierrules, 45s. per dozen pair
Nutcracks, 5s. per j)air
Mustard jjots, 7s. each
Shoe lifts, '2s. each
('andlestlcks, 18s. per pair
Skewers, 4^d. per inch.
Table forks and spoons, 30s. per dozen
Dessert forks and spoons, 24s. per dozen
Tea spoons (huge size), I'is. per dozen
Silt spoons, I'is. per dozen
3)itto, with gilt buwl, 20s. per dozen
Mustard and egg i-poous, gilt, 20s. per doz.
Gravy spoons (, large size), 6s. 6d. Cich
Soup ladles, los. each
Fish knives, los. each
Sugar tonics, '.'s. Od. each
Toddy ladles, 4s. 6d. each
Cheese scoops, 5s. each
Snuffers and Trays, Coffee and Tea-pots, Toast Racks, Chamber Candlesticks, and any
article made to order and pattern.
Each article of this beautiful metal equals in colour, durability, and weight, and every
other desirable quality, sterling silver. It resists the corrosion of all acids, and retains its
fine colour to the last, qualities that no other white metal yet discovered possesses. Any of
the above will be cheerfully exhibited to persons wishing a full confirmation of this statement.
The whole of the above-mentioned articles are executed in close imitation of the most
modern plate.
Arms, Crests, and Cyphers Enqk.vved, as on Silver.
■',./' In conseqtience of the increasing demand for the above article, large Orders require
a few days' notice.
OLD PL.\TE taken in EXCHANGE; the difference in value allowed in cash, if required.
No Business transacted on Saturdays till Evening.
LETY'S BRISTOL BAZAAR, 7, Union-slrect, Bristol.
42
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
CHEAP BOOKS,
NOW SELLING BY
T. KERSLAKE, IN BARTON ALLEY, BRISTOL;
THE LOW PRICES AFFIXED BEING FOR READY MONEY.
THE BOOKS ARE H'ARRANTED PERFECT.
ANTIQUARIAN ITINERARY, 1815-
1 8 1 8, 338 copper-plates and vignettes, 1 2mo,
7 vols, hds. \l. \s. {pub. at 5/. 5«.)
ARTIS'S (E. T.) Antediluvian Phytology,
illustrated by the FOSSIL Remains of
PLANTS of the Coal Formations. 1825,
plates, 4to, bds. 11. Is. (sells at 21. 10*.)
Lord BACON'S WORKS, 1826, portrait,
8vo, 1 0 vols, new, half cloth, 11. 8s. {pub.
ot Al. ] Os.)
Lord BACON'S Philosophical WORKS,
by Shaw, 1733, 4to, 3 vols, old calf, neat
\l. Is.
BARRY'S History of the ORKNEY
ISLANDS, \mS,map and plates, 4to,
half hound, uncut, veni neat, 10s. 6rf.
Captain BATTYS WELSH SCENERY,
1823, Indin proofs, accompanied by the
etchings, large paper, 4to, bds. \l. 4s. (jpub.
at SI. 8s.)
BEAUMONTand FLETCH ER'S WORKS,
with Notes by Colman, 1811, 4to, 3 vols,
bds. \l. Is. (pub. at 5/. 5s.)
BELL'S System of GEOGRAPHY, 1831,
maps and plates, 8vo, 6 vols, white calf,
f/ilt, elegant, 31. 3s. (cost 51. 12s.)
BENTHAM'S Rationale of JUDICIAL
EVIDENCE, 1827, 8vo, 5 vols, half-
calf gi/t, marble leaves, \l. 2s. 6d. 5 vols,
half-clolh, new, 12s. 6(/. (pnb. at 31.)
EERNARDI, Claravallensis OPERA Om-
nia Studio Horsth, Lugduni, 1679, folio,
6 vols, in 2, 1/. 15s.
BIBLE, ARABIC, Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
1811, Aio.,calf 16s.
BIBLIA GR^CA, Vet. Test., ex vers.
J^XX, sec. exemplar Vatic, acced. Varia
Lectt. Alexandrina, et Introd. Carpzovii,
Oxon. 1817, 8vo, 6 vols, bds. \l.
" An accurate and beautifully printed edition."
Rev. T. H. Home.
BIBLIA HEBRAICA, accevserunt Dictio-
nanim, &c., cura Simonis, Halce, \767,
8vo, bds. lOsi
LA BIBLE FRANCOISE-LATINE, Ge-
ncve, 1568, fol. very thick, scarce, calf very
neat, lis.
BIOGRAPHIA BRITANNICA,by Kippis,
1778. &c., fol. 5 vols, half calf \l. 10s.
BLACKSTONES COMMENTARIES,
with Notes by COLERIDGE, 1825, por^
8vo, 4 vols, new, half-cloth II. 4s. (sells
at 21. 10s.)
BLAKE'S (W.) ILLUSTRATIONS of
BLAIR'S GRAVE, engraved by SCHIA-
VONETTI, 1808, goodi?npressions, roy.,
4fo, scarce, bds. 11. Is. (sells at 21. 12s. 6d.
" The moral series here submitted to the Public,
from its object and method of execution, has a double
claim on general attention. ' — Fuseli.
S. BONAVENTURiE SERMONES de
et Sanctis, Zevollis [Johannes de Vollhoe'\,
1479, fol. Tempore oaken binding, 10s. fid.
This volume has some passag-es of Scrip-
ture in the handwriting of PHILIP ME-
LANCHTHON. It is the editw princeps
of the book, and the first book printed al
Zevoll.
BRITTON'S EXETER CATHEDRAL,
1826, plates, 4to, bds. 1/. Is. (pub. at
21. 10s.)
BROWN'S Self-Interpreting BIBLE, with
additional Notes by Dr. RAFFLES, 4to,
3 vols, half rus. neat, \l. 12s.
BUNYAN'S PILGRIM'S PROGRESS, by
SOUTHEY, 1830, plates, Svo, cloth,
12s. 6f/. large paper, pronfs, II. Is. '
BURTON'S ANATOMY of MELAN-
CHOLY^, 1660, frontispiece, io\, half calf,
10s. 6d.
CAVE'S LIVES of the FATHERS of the
First Four Centuries, 1716, plates, fol. 2
vols ill 1, call", II. 10s.
CICERONIS OPERA Omnia, 168],'/ol, 4
vols ih"2, calf, 15s.
CICERONIS OPERA, ex editionibus Oli-
veti et ErnestijCuravit Carey, 1820, 18mo,
12 vols, new, bds. M. Is.
CLARKE'S (Dr. Adam) COMMENTARY,
4to, 7 vols, complete, 31. 18s.
CONYBEARE and PHILLIPS'S GEO-
LOGY of England and Wales, 1822, /wa/j
and sections, 8vo, rare, bds, 16s.
COTTAGE BIBLE and Family Expositor,
bv Williams, maps, Svo. 3 vob, new cloth,
I'l. 10s.
CRABB'S History of the ENGLISH COM-
MON L.AW, 1829, 8vo. new, half-cloth,
3s. 6d. (pub. at 16s.)
CRITICA BIBLICA, Depository of Sacred
Literature, \H27,maps and plates, Svo,- 4
vols, bds. 1/. (pub. at 21. 8s.)
CROMBIE'S GYMNASIUM, 1830, Svo, 2
Vols, bds, 10s. — other copies 9s. Grf. — 9s.
(pub. at 1/. Is.)
CUDWORTH'S INTELLECTUAL SYS-
TEM, 1678,j^«e front, fol, calf \l. \l.
Bp. DAVENANT'S EXPOSITION of
the Epistle to- the COLOSSI ANS, by
Allport, 1831, port, Svo, 2 vols, newly
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
43
bound in dark calf, gill, marble leaves,
1/. 1*.
DAVENANTII (Jo. Episcop. Sarisb.) EX-
POSITIO EpistolEB ad COLOSSENSES,
1630, fol.cfl//, 10.V. G(/.
DELRII (Martini) DISQUISITIONES
U\GICM, 1612, 2 vols, in 1, thick 4to,
very curious and scarce, vellum, Is, 6d,
DENON (Vivant) VOYAGES dans la Basse
et la Haute EGYPTE, 1809, 4to. 2 vols,
and folio volume of plates, 3 vols, bds.
1«. 16t. (pub. at :")/. 5s.)
DIBDIN'S (Dr. T. F.) REMINISCENCES
of a LITERARY LIFE. 1836, port, and I
plates, 8vo, 2 vols, bds, 10*. 6t/. (pub, at
II. 16s.) I
DIODORI SICULI BIBLIOTHECA HIS- ,
TORICA, Gr. et Lat. cum Notis Rhodo- ;
manni, 1604, folio, 2 vols. 9s. 6d. I
DODWELL"S(Edw.)VIE\VS in GREECE,
1821, on drawing paper, and coloured equal
to drawings, morocco, gilt, 4/. 10s, (cost the ,
former proprietor 201.^ i
DRYDEN'S FABLES, Sojs/ei/, \797, plates j
J'roni Lady Diana Beauclerc'' s Designs, io\. \
calf, 16s. I
EDWARDS'S HERBAL of the most Beau-
tiful and Scarce Flowers that blow in the
open Air of Great Britain, 1770, 100 beau-
ttfully coloured plates, fol. 1/. Is.
WilleU's copv sol(\ for 5/. 10s.
ELSLEY'S ANNOTATIONS on the Gos-
pels and Acts, 1818. 8vo, 3 vols, bds. 12$.
ENCYCLOP.T.DIA BRITANNICA,
plates, 4to, with Supplement, 20 vols, half
rus. 61. {binding cost SI. Ss.}
EUROPEAN SCENERY ; — BATTY'S
ITALY, FRANCE, and GERMANY—
COCKBURN'S SWITZERLAND, and
LIGHT'S SICILY, Imperial 8vo, 5 vols,
half morocco, top edges gilt, 5/. 5s.
FOSBROKES (T.D .)ENCYCLOP^.DIA
of ANTIQUITIES and ELEMENTS
of ARCHAEOLOGY, 18-25, p/a/es, 4to, 2
vols, half-calf, very neat, 21, 1 8s. {pub, at 61.
6 s. irfs.)
GENERAL BIOGRAPHICAL DICTI-
ONARY, [by Dr. Birch, Dr. Rdph,
Heathcote and others], 1761-7, 8vo, 12
vols, calf neat, II,
Mr. Hallam makes honourable mention of this
(■•lition in his Intr. to Literature of Europe.
GESENIUS'S HEBRAISCHES HAND-
WORTERBUCH, Z,«/>z. 1815, 8vo, half-
calf 9s. 6d.
GOODWINS (Jno.) REDEMPTION RE-
DEEMED, 1651. fol. scarce, 14s.
GRESWELL HARMONIA Evangelica,
Oron. 1830. — Dissertations on a Harmo-
ny, 1830,3 vols. — Suppleinentary Disser-
tations, 1834, 8vo, 5 vols, calf, gilt, uniform,
fleqant, 21. ISs.
GRES WELL'S Exposition of the PARA-
BLES, Oxf. 1834, part 1st. 8vo, 3 vols,
cloth. \l. 6s.
Bp. HALL'S WORKS, Ojf.lS37, vols. 1-4,
containing the Contemplations and Hard
Texts, 4 vols, cloth, 1/, 12s. (^selling at
21. 8s.)
HANDEL'S WORKS, arranged by Davy,
4to, 6 vols, in 42 parts, 21, 2s. {pub. at
71. 7s.)
HARTLEY'S Observations on MAN, /iatli,
1810, port. 8vo, 2 vols, half calf, neat,
I2s. 6d.
HELVETIUS CEUVRES Completes, Paris,
1795, 18mo, 14 voIh, calf, neat, 10s. 6(/.
HENRY'S (Matthew) EXPOSITION of
the Old and New Testament, with Life
by Williams, 1836, port, imperial 8vo, 3
vols, calf, extra, marble leaves, 31. 3s.
HENRY'S (Robt.) HISTORY of GREAT
BRITAIN, 1814, por/.8vo, 12 vols, newly
bound in half calf, gilt, marble leaves,
21. 12s.
HOOKe's ROMAN HISTORY, 1759, 8vo,
8 vols, calf, \l. Is.
HORATIUS, Edentibus HOMER et
combe. Land. 1792, port. 4to, 2 vols,
calf, neat, 11. 18s.
One of the most beautiful editions of this poet
Bp!°HORNE'S WORKS, with Life, by
Jones, 1818, port. 8vo, 4 vols, ca/f marble
edges, very neat, \l. 12s.
HORTON'S 45 Sermons on PSALMS, 4, 42,
51, 63, 1675, scarce, calf, 10s. 6d.
HORTON'S 46 Sermons on ROMANS viii,
1674, fol. scarce, calf, neat, 10s. 6(/.
HUGHES'S (Geo. of Plymouth) Analytical
Exposition of GENESIS and EXODUS,
1672, fol. scarce, calf, neat, 17s. 6d.
HURD'S WORKS, 1811, port. 8vo, 8 vols,
fine set, calf, neat. 21. 12s. 6d,
HYWEL DDA CYntEiTiuEu,— LEGES
WALLIC^ HOELI BONI, alior., eui-
DiT WoTTON, 1730, fol. calf, 1/. 15s.
IRELAND'S Picturesque VIEWS on the
WYE, 1797, 31 plates, small 4to, gilt,
very neat, 12s. 6d,
IRELAND'S Picturesque TOUR through
HOLL.\ND. BRABANT, and FRANCE,
small 4to, 43 plates, 2 vols, half calf, gill.
Us. 6d.
JAHN'S History of the HEBREW COM-
MONWEALTH, 1829, 8vo, 2 vols, bds.
14s.
"I woulil urge it upon every theological student,
in a particular manuor, to make himself tamiliav
with this work throusihoul. It is impossible that lie
should not reap the benefit of this acquisition." —
(^Piof. Stuart.)
JEFFERSON'S (Thos. President of U, S.)
MEMOIRS, CORRESPONDENCE, and
Private Paj ers, 1829, port. 8vo, 4 vols,
bds. \l. As. (sells- at 2'. \2s.)
KE.MPISS IMITATION of CHRIST,
with Introduction and Notes by Dibdin,
1828, fne head, vignettes, Sfc. \'2s, 6d.
{sells at II. \s.)
LANDON'S (C. P.) WORKS of RAFFA-
ELLE, DOMENICIIINO, POUSSIN,
and ALBANO, consisting of 445 Engrav-
ings, principally illustrating the Scrip-
tures, with Lives, Notices, &c. English
44
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
and Frencli, Bowijer, 1819, 4tOj 5 vols,
ha//' russ, very neat, 31. 16s.
LAW'S (W.) WORKS, 1762, Svo, 9 vols,
scarce, calf, 2/. 12 s.
LELAND'S View of the DEISTICAL
WRITERS, 1S36, Svo, new, duth, gilt,
lettered, 6s.
LINATI COSTUMES et MCEURS de
MEXIQUE, 1830, 33 coloured plates, Aio,
new cloth, 12s.
LINNEAN Society's TRANSACTIONS,
1824, vol. fourteenth, plates, 4to, 3 parts,
15s. (cost 31. 12.S.)
LOCKE'S WORKS, 1727, port. fol. 3 vols,
1 7s. ChI.
LONDON ENCYCLOPAEDIA, 1836, co-
/ot/rcd plates, royal 8vo, 22 vols, ninth edit.
cloth, 9/. 9s. (i-ost the last owner 19/. 16s.)
LOUDON'S GARDENER'SMAGAZINE,
from the Commencement, 1826, to Dec.
1830, tii/merous engravings, 8vo, 6 vols,
calf, qilt. marble leaves, \l. 10s. (cost 6/.)
LUC BRUGENSIS (Francisci) in IV
Evangelia Commentarius, et alia in S. S.
op'.iscula, Antverpia, ex Officina Pla7itin,
1606, fol. 3 vols, calf, lbs.
" A wise, learned, and judicious aullior."
" A modest and judicious critic." — {Catviet.')
M'CULLOCHS DICTIONARY of COM-
MERCE and Commercial Navigation,
1837, maps, Svo, 7ieiv, 11. {sells at 21. 10s.)
Archbp. MAGEE on ATONEMENT and
Sacrifice, 1832, Svo, 3 vols, new, half cloth,
\l. 6s. {sells at M. Us.M.
MALLEUS MALEFICARUM, autoribus
Hen. Instito et Jac. Sprenger, Koburger,
Ni/rberg. mccccxciiii, blach letter, 4to,
ver// scarce, 6s.
MAKTINS GEOLOGICAL MEMOIR of
WESTERN SUSSEX, \Q2^., coloured map
arid plates, 4to, cloth. As. 6d. (pub. at \l.)
MASIRICHT (P. Van) Theoretico-Prac-
tica THEOLOGIA, 1724, 4to, verg thick,
scarce, \l. 5s.
" One of tlie best bodies of Divinity — brief, very
comprehensive atid clear.'' — {Bickerstet/i.^
•' I know not tint tbi- sun has ever shone upon a
liuman conii)Osure that is equal to it." — {Cotton
Mather.)
MAYER'S (John) Commentary upon all
the PROPHETS, 1652, fol. calf, i<s. Gd.
MILLOTS ELEMENTS of GENERAL
HISTORY, with Continuation to 1815,
1823, Svo, 6 vols, binding new, calf, extra,
gilt, very neat, -I. 2s.
MILTON'S POETICAL WORKS, from
the Text of NEWTON, Bashe,i.'i/le, 17:^8,
royal Svo, 2 \'o\%, free from the stain, fresh
eld red morocco, gold border., gilt edges,
31. 3s.
MILION'S PROSE WORKS, li3G,porl.
imp. Svo, neio, cloth, gilt lettered, \l. Is.
MORC'S UTOPIA, with Notes and Intro-
duction by DIBDIN, 1808, crown Svo,
2 \ oh. half calf 7s. Gd.
MORELIT LEXICON Gr.— Prosodaicum,
illustravit et auxit MALTBY, Cantab,
1^15, royal 4(o, calf, 18s. (pub. at 31. 3s.)
MOSHEIM'S ECCLESIASTiCAL HIS-
TORY, by Maclaine, 1823, Svo, 6 vols.
bds. 1 1. Is.
MUSIC.
OVERTURES, viz. : All Handel's 31, and
Coronation Anthem, 3 sets of Abel's, 3
sets of Bach's, 2 setslof Schwindl's, 1 set
of Richter's, Van Mildere, Martini, Jor-
nelli, &c. 8zc. for 5 violins and 13 other
instruments, IS vols, old Russia binding in
a large mahogantj Chest with partitions,
21. 12s. 6 rf.
OVERTURES: Bach's 3, Starnitz's 6,
Pugnani 6, Misliwecek's 6, Various 6,
Richter's 6, Abel's 6, Able, Arne, and
Smith's 6, Arne's 8, Earl of Kelly's 6,
Norris's 6, Fisher's, Boyce's 8, and inany
others by Vivaldi, Arne, Sic. for 4 violins
and 10 other instruments, 14 vols, rough
calf, in a large partitioned chest, 21. 2s.
Also a large collection of Concert Music, lately
the property of a Member of the BRISTOL HAR-
MONIC SOCIETY.
NATIONAL PORTRAIT GALLERY,
with Memoirs, 1833 — 1836, V2^ portraits,
impl. Svo, 43 parts, good as new, 21. 15s.
{sells at 5/. 7s. Gd.)
Bp. NEWTON on the PROPHECIES,
1777, Svo, 3 vols, ca/f 10s. 6(/.
ORATORiiS AITICI, cum Versione Lat.
Notis varr, &c. 1828, Svo, 16 vols, calf,
very neat, m. I. 4/. 8s. — new, half cloth, 21.
6s, {pub. at 121.)
OTTLEY's Earlv HISTORY of EN-
GRAVING, ISiG, plates, 4to, 2 vols. bds.
11. iSs. {pub. at SI. 8s.)
OWEN'S Exposition of the HEBREWS,
by Williams, 1790, port. Svo. 4 vols. bds.
18s.
PALLAS'S Travels in RUSSIA, 1812, 121
coloured plates, 4to, 2 vols, 1/. Is. {pub. at
SI. 8s.)
Bp. PATRICK'S COMMENTARY from
Genesis to Canticles, 1698-1710, 4to, 10
vols, calf, 1/. ls„
Bp. PEARSON on the CREED, Oxon. 1 820,
port. Svo, 2 vols, calfgilt, very neat, 14s. Gd.
PILKINGTON's Dictionary of PAINT-
ERS, with Supplement by BARRY, 1793,
4to, calf 12s. Gd.
PLATONIS DIALOGI V, [Amatores En-
thyphro, apologia Socratis,Crito,Phcedon,]
recensuit N. Forster, Oxon. 1752, royal Svo,
lai-ge thick paper, scarce, Russia gilt edges,
15s.
PLATO'S WORKS, translated by Syden-
ham and Taylor, with copious Notes, 1S04,
royal 4to, 5 vols, half cloth, 31. 13s. Gd.
PLOT'S Natural History of OXFORD-
SHIRE, 1705, with the }>iap, plates, i'ol,
calf, very neat, \l. Is.
POLEHAMPTON's (Edw.) and John M.
Good's GALLERY of Nature and Art,
1821, 100 plates, Svo, 6 vols, bds. II. Gs.
{pub. at 71. 4s.)
POLl SYNOPSIS Criticonim S.S. Land.
1669, fol. 5 vols, 3/. 10s.
POLLUCIS (Jiilii) VOCABULARIUM,
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
45
Gr. Fenet. apud Aldum, 1502, fol. editio
princ. fine copy. Ids. Vlx.
Tlie Pinelli copy sold for 3/. 3s.
PROUTs Picturesciue ANTIQUITIES of
BRISTOL, fol. ha/f Riissui, very neat,
1/. ISj.
PRYCEon MINERALS, Mines & Miniu;?,
the Natural History of Strata, Fissures,
and Lodes, the Methods of Discoveriujij |
and Workintj Tin, Copper, and Lead j
Mines, 1778, port, and pkites, fol, scarce,
cat/, neat, 1 6.v.
QUARTERLY REVIE\V,1S09-Seiit.l835,
complete, 108 parts, heing 2.'j vols, ha/f
calf, and 58 parts, 5/. fjs. {pub. at 321. 8s.)
Bp. REYNOLDS'S WORKS, 1658, port.
fol. ha/fca/f, 14.V.
RICCALTOUNS (Roht.) WORKS, 1771,
8vo. 3 vols, ha/f call', neat, scarce. 18*.
RICHARDSON'S WORKS, with Life hy
Mant^in. ISll, port, crown 8vo. 1!) vols.
neu'.'i) hound in half ca/f gilt, extra, vtri/
neat. 31. \'2s. {pub. at 7/. lis. in bds.)
ROBINSON'S SCRIPTURE CHARAC-
TERS, 1811, 8vo. 4 vols, large print, bds.
14s. (pitb. at 21. 2s.)
ROLLIN's ANCIENT HISTORY, 1808,
maps. &c. 8vo, 8 vols, ca/f, neat, \/. \2s.
SCAPUL.T; lexicon Griccum,. Oxon.
1820, fol. ca/f. 1/. 15?.
SCHELLERS latin GRAMMAR.trans-
lated by Walker, 1825, 8vo. 2 vols. bds.
Us. (pub. at ]/. 10s.)
SCHLEUSNERI LEXICON Grscco-Lat.
in Novum Testameiitum, Lipt. 17'J2, Svo.
2 vols, ha/fca/f, 7ieiit, 14s.
SCHMIDII Novi Test. Graece CONCOR-
DANTI. 1819, Svo. 2 vols. calf. 14s.
SCOTl'S Life of NAPOLEON, 1827, cr.
Svo, 9 vols, bds. 1/. 1 Is. 6</. {pub. at 4/. 14s.
6(/.)
SHAKSPEARE, with Notes, &c. by
CHALMERS, 180'), p/ntes by Fuse/i, 8vo.
9 vols. calf, very n>at, 21. 10s.
SIMPSONS (David) SACRED LITERA-
TURE, showing the H. Sciiptures to be
superior to the most celebrated Writings
of Antiquity, with Epistles and Extracts
from the Primitive Fathers, 1788, port.
Svo. 4 vols, scarce, los.
SKELTON'S Etihings of the ANTIQUI-
TIES of BRISTOL, 4;o. half Russia, very
neat. \l. Ss.
SPANHEMIUS (Ezech.) de NUMISMA-
TIBUS Anticpiis, 1706, fol. 2 vols, cu/f,
(ji/t, 1/. 8s.
SPINOS^ (Bened.) TRACT ATUS THE-
OLOGICU-POLITICUS, Hamb. 1670,
4to, rare, ca/f, 6s.
STANHOPK"s Paraphrase and Comment
upon the EPISTLES and GOSPELS,
1706, 8vo. 4 vols.,cfl//", very neat, 14s.
STEWART'S (D.) PHILOSOPHY of the
ACTIVE and MORAL POWERS, 1828,
Svo, 2 vols. bds. 18s.
SULLY'S MEMOIRS, Mi/lrr, 1810, port.
roval Svo. 5 \'o\'S. calf, gilt, elegant, \l. 14s.
TACITUS, cum Notis Grotii, Lug. Bat. e.v
offic. Elzeviriana, 1040, sm. 12ino. 2 vols.
ca/f 7s. Gd.
Best Edition with (he " Sfcmmnta.^' — "One of the
scarcest of tlip Elzevir classics, and a fnie copy is very
valuable-" — Dibdin.
TENNEMANN Manuel HISTOIRE de la
PIIlLOSOPHIli, trad, par V. Cousin,
1S30. Svo. 2 vols ia 1, /lalf calf, neat,
9s. Cut. {co^t II.)
THUCYDIDES.edidit Hudson, Oj-o«. 1G96,
M.fne c'ipy, rough calf, 12s. 6rf.
" Very correct." Harwond. — " .V very beautiful
and erudite ])roduction." — Dibdin.
TOD'S PLANS. Elevations and Sections of
HOT-HOUSES, GREEN-HOUSES, &c.
] 823. coloured plates, fol. half cloth, 7s. 6d.
(pub. at 2/. 2s.)
Bp.TOMLlNESElementsofCHRISTI.ANr
THEOLOGY% 1826. Svo. 2 vols, bds. 8.?.
TOOKE-s DIVERSIONS of PURLEY
1829, Svo. 2 vols, ha/f cloth, 18s. 6r/.
TUSON's MYOLOGY, illustrated by Plates
on a peculiar construction, with the SUP-
PLEMENT, 1828, impl. fol. 2 vols. bds.
3/. lOs. {se//s at 8/. 4s.)
UPCOTT's Bibli('graphical Account of EN-
GLISH TOPOGRAPHY, 1818, Svo. 3
vols, ca/f, very neat, 3/. 3s.
VELSERi (Marci) OPEUA Historica et
Philologica, 1 682, ;j/a/es, fol. pp. circa 1 100,
10s. 6d.
Among Ihe varied mass of antiquarian contents of
this volume, the celebrated Tnbulu Oeogrnpldca Peu-
tingerana is engraved complete, with explications.
Bp. WARBURTON's WORKS, with Life
by Bp. Hurd, 1811, port. Svo. 12 vols.
ca/f. VI ry 7tea'. fine set. 4/. 18s.
WESLEY'S (John) NOTES on the Old and
New Testament, Bristol, 1765, port. 4to.
4 vols. (Old Test, ha/f ca/f, New Test.
who/e ca/f) \/. 4s.
WEST'S (Benj.) PICTURES, engraved by
Moses, fol. ha/f morocco. 10*. 6r/.
WOLFII (J. C.) CUR^. PHILOLO-
GICM et CriticBB in Novum Test. 1725-
1735, 4to. old calf, gilt, fine set, \l. 16s.
A valuable supplement to Poole's Synopsis Criti-
corum, beiny an application of Ids plan to subse-
quent authors, and, says Up. Watson, " it is written
with more judgment."
WOOD'S ATHENE OXONIENSES,
1721, fol. 2 vols in 1, best folio edition,
1 7s. 6d.
ZENOPHON STURZII LEXICON ZE-
NOPHONTEUM, Lips. 1801, Svo. 4 vols.
calf, grained, m.l. 1/. 4s.
46
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
No. 8, HIGH STREET, BRISTOL.
T>ING & HOOD'S Spacious
^^ Warerooms for Coalport and Wor-
cester Porcelain, Flint-Glass, and Staf-
fordshire Ware ; Drawing and Dining-room,
Hall, Table, and Sideboard Lamps, Chande-
liers, Lustres, &c. &c.
R. & H. resjiectiully invite inspection of
their very Extensive and Superior Assort-
ment, confident that a more Splendid Col-
lection will not be found in any Establish-
ment out of London.
N.B.— The usual discount on export orders.
■pELIX FARLEY'S BRISTOL
-■■ JOURNAL, the longest established of
the Bristol Papers, is Published every Sa-
turday Morning, by Messrs, GUTCH &
MARTIN, Small-street, and extensively
circulated.
BARTLETT, 3, Welch-bank,
• Bristol, Manufacturer of Scale-beams,
Weighing-machineSjWeights, and Measures;
Chaff- cutting Engines, Turnery - lathes,
Sugar and Coffee-mills. — Retail and for
Exportation.
TO FAMILIES— TEA TRADE.
In the present state of the Tea Trade much care is required in obtaining Teas of
Sterling Qualities, suited to the use of Families.
UNT AND COMP'^"- inform their Friends that, owing to the great
variety and superior description of the late Bristol Imports, they have been able to
select (added to the imports into various parts of the kingdom) the requisite qualities for
Family Use. — The object of every Purchaser must be to obtain a Genuine Tea; an article
possessing Strength and Flavour, and a Tea at a Moderate Price. To secure to their sup-
porters these objects has ever been HUNT and Co.'s particular aim, avoiding the extremes
of low quality and high price, and fixing the basis of their Trade on the principles of
REAL QUALITY, SMALL PROFIT, and FAIR DEALING.
They also inform the Public that, previous to their commencement in this city, they had,
for upwards of fourteen years, been actively employed in Selecting Teas in some of the
largest Wholesale Tea Houses in London, thereby gaining a thorough knowledge of the
Trade, and acquiring, from actual experience, the judgment necessary to enable them to
choose the best Teas, and to reject those of weak and insipid character, which are wholly
unfit for family use — which must be considered one of the most valuable qualifications any
Country Dealer can possess, especially in the present state of the Tea Trade.
H. & Co. seek for no preference but what is amply justified by the Superior Quality of
their Teas ; they rest their claims to support on the most convincing and successful Tests,
namely —
TRIAL AND COMPARISON.
They can suppply a useful Breakfast Congou, at . , . .3s. 8d. to 4s. Od.
Strong Congou, particularly recommended for family use .44 to 4 8
Fine Strong Souchong 5 0 to 5 4
Fine Souchong, a very Substantial Tea 5 6
Rich Pekoe -Flavoured Souchong, (a very Rare Tea) ... 6 0
They most earnestly recommend their fine-flavoured Congou and Souchong kind, at
Four Shillings and Eightpence, and Five Shillicgs per pound, acknowledged to be a very
Superior Tea.
Grreen Tea . . . . 4s. to 4s. 6d.
Fine Bright Leaf . . . .50
Superior curled Hyson-kind . 5 4
Real Hyson, full-flavoured . . 6s. Od.
Hyson, fine 7 0
Superior ditto 8 0
Cowslip-flavoured Hyson ..90
Also Imperial Souchong, Lapsang, Orange, and Blossom Pekoe, Souchi, Caper, Ouchain,
and every other description of Rare and Choice Teas.
A variety of Small Boxes, from 10 to 12 Pounds each, suitable for Families.
COFFEE.
In this Article they are also not less famed. The large demand they daily experience.
together with the strict attention paid to the quality, combined with always having it Fresh
Roasted on a New and Improved Principle, render their Establishments superior mediums
of supply.
Very Strong Coffee .
Inferior ditto, lower
Rich Mellow flavour
Is. 6d.
1 8
Choice Bourbon, the best . . 2s. Od.
Real Mocha 2 8
Superior Milled Cocoa ... 1 0
Orders per Post or Carrier
* Every description of SPICE of the Finest Quality,
will meet prompt Attention,
Warehouses, 44, BRIDGE-STREET, and 26, MARY-LEPORT-STREET,
BRISTOL.
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
47
THE BRISTOL MIRROR,
(Late Bonner and Middleton's Journal,)
T7STABLTSHED Sixty-four years
sint-e, and jiublished every Saturday
Morniuf^, is the largest circulated News-
piper in that City, or iu the West of
England. It is also the most Extensive
Advertising .Tonriial, as ajipears hy the
Government Retm-n of ^'ewspaper-stamps,
and of Advertisements, dated oOtli June,
1837.
"DENSON, Importer of Foreign
"^'^ Cigars, and Snulis, 3, Corn-street (op-
iwsite the Council-house), and at 3, St.
Augustine's-parade, Bristol.
MATTIIEWS'S I5KISTOL DIRECTORY.
'PHIS Work is Publislicd on the
First Day of each Year, and gives all
the important information connected with the
City of Bristol. In addition to the General
List of the Inhabitants, and the Classifica-
tion of Trades and Professions, it contains
particulars respecting every Public Office,
Company, and Institution, wilh their Ofli-
cers ; the arrival and departure of Coaches,
Carriers, Steam, and other conveyances;
also a List of the Fairs held in the adjacent
Counties ; a Table of Distances ; and a
variety of other useful information.
Printed and published by M. MAT-
THEWS & SON, 9 Narrow Wme-street,
where may also be had " Matthews's Guide,"
or History of Bristol," price 3*.
PUBLIC LIBRARY AND READING-ROOM,
.3, HIGH-STREET, BRISTOL.
JOHN BEARD CARRUTHERS begs to return thanks to his Friends and
the Public for the liberal support he has received since he has taken to the Establish-
ment lately carried on by Mr. Cheesewright, consisting of the Library and Reading-room,
with the Book and Print-selling, Printing, Bookbinding, and Stationery Business, and
respectfully solicits a continuance of their patronage and support.
To the Library
imly.
£. s.
d.
12 Months
1 1
0
6 .
0 15
0
3 .
0 10
6
1 .
0 5
0
1 Week.
0 2
6
TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:
To both Library and Reading-room.
To the Heading-room only .
£. s.
d.
£.
s.
d.
I 11
6
12 Months
. 1
1
0
1 1
0
6.
. 0
15
0
0 15
0
3;.
. 0
10
G
0 7
6
1 .
. 0
5
0
0 3
G
1 Week
. 0
2
6
12 Months.
6 .
3 .
1 .
1 Week .
The Library consists of several thousand volumes in Biography, Voyages and Travels,
Poetry, the Drama, Divinit\-, New Novels, Foreign Literature, &c. &c. ; to which he will
constantly be adding every New Work of merit as soon as jiublished.
The Reading-room, which is very commodious, and furnished with every convenience, is
open from Nine in the Morning till Nine in the Evening ; and is supplied with the fol-
lowing Newspapers, Reviews, Magazines, Periodicals, &c. &c. : —
Times, Morning Post, Morning Herald, Morning Chronicle, Courier, Sun, Standard,
Record, Globe and Traveller, John Bull, Observer, Examiner, Satirist, Age, Patriot,
Watchman, Bell's Weekly Messenger, Felix Farley's Journal, The Mirror, Bristol
Gazette, The Mercury, Swansea, Cambrian, Gloucester Chronicle, Exeter Flying Post,
Salisbury Journal. The Hampshire Telegraph, Bath and Cheltenham Gazette, Clielten-
ham Looker-on, Bath Chronicle, Athenaeuui, Literary Gazette, Lancet, Quarterly Re-
view, Edinburgh Review, Foreign Quarterly Review, London and Westminster Review,
Monthly Review, Eclectic Review, Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, Tait's Edin-
burgh Magazine, Eraser's Magazine, New Sporting Magazine, Unitt-d Service Journal,
Bent's Monthly Literary Advertiser, Army and Navy Lists, &c. ; Bristol and London
Directories, Pigot's Directory^, Maps of Reference, &c.
J. B. C. has a few London and Provincial Papers to be disposed of at half-price.
Printing and Bookbinding, &c. promptly and neatly executed ; Visiting Cards engraved ;
Fancy Stationery, Prints, Ackermanii's and Newman's Colours, genuine Patent Medicines,
Stamps, Pocket-books, Albums, Scrap-books, &c. &c.
An Elegant Assortment of Bibles and Prayer-books.
Account-books ruled and bound to any pattern, on the patent principle.
A few of last year's Annuals at reduced prices.
^gent for the Morning-Posl and Minerva London Life Assurance Company,
48
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
H DOUGLAS, BOOK-
• SELLER, STATIONER, and
CIRCULATING LIBRARY, No. 5, Col-
lege-place, Bristol, takes tliis opportunity
to return his grateful thanks to his Friends
and the Public, who have iavoured him with
their support ; and begs leave to say that
the CIRCULATING LIBRARY, consist-
ing of near Two Thousand Volumes, is se-
lect, and contains all the best Authors, and
to which are constantly added every new
Work of merit.
STATIONERY of all kinds at lowest
prices. — N. B. A quantity of Old News-
papers for sale.
Wholesale, Retail, and for Exportation.
CUT and KNGUAVED GLASS MANUFAC-
TORY. 34, UPPER ARCADE.
T EVY LEVY respectfully informs
"^ the Public in general that he has con-
stantly on sale, a Splendid and Extensive
Stock of Rich Cut and Plain Glass, con-
sisting of Complete Services, Superb Dee.in-
ters. Water and Claret Jugs, Butter and
Wine Coolers, Finger Basons, Wines both
modern and antique, with choice engraved
borders, Hocks, Champaigns, Clarets, and
Liquors.
Sets of Rich cut Castor and Liquor Bottles
in Sheffield plated Stands.
An immense variety of the best China, in
Tea, Breakfast, and Dessert services, from
the most eminent Worcester Manufactories;
complete Dinner services of the best Staf-
fordshire ware, and of the newest patterns.
A large collection of Plain, Ground, and
Richly Engraved Dinner Sideboard, and
Hall Lamps. Show Bottles, Vials, Gradu-
ating and Medicine measures for Surgeons
and Druggists. Confection Glasses, Sal-
vers, Jellies and Custards,
Lustres with rich prismatic and other
Drops, with a general assortment of Glass
too tedious to insert, the whole of which can-
not be rivalled in any Town in England
for Quality and Price, Guaraniee offered to
all Purchasers at the above Establishment
is, that the Proprietor has a thorough know-
ledge of the Trade, and has been esta-
blished in business for upwards of Twenty
Years.
The only French Shade Warehouse in
Bristol for covering Specimens, Clocks,
Figures, Vases, &c.
A large stock of the latest invented Lamp
in Bronze, Ormolu and Plated, for the use
of Palmer's patent metallic wick Candle,
this Lamp is much approved of, and the
Sale of which is rapidly increasing in con-
sequence of its Utility and Economical
principles, there being no waste, requiring
no snuffing, and the light being always the
same height.
Liberal Credit on approved References.
HUMPAGE'S MEDICATED SYRUP OF
HORE HOUND.
"j7 O R- Coughs, Colds, Asthma,
■^ Shortness of Breath, Hooplng-Cough,
Influenza, and all Affections of the Chest
and Lungs.
Horehound was a favourite remedy for
the above complaints among the Ancient
Medical Practitioners ; and although its use
is very much curtailed by the introduction
of more powerful medicines, still it must be
acknowledged a very safe and efficacious
remedy in all diseases of the Chest and
Lungs ; hence its general use at the present
day by thousands of coimtry people, who
regard it as almost a certain care in all cases
of Coughs and Colds.
The above Preparation not only contains
all the virtues of Horehound in a concen-
trated state, but is combined with other
ingredients of a most valuaVile nature, which
tend to produce a free expectoration, lower
inflammation, and prevent the secretion of
phlegm, which chokes up the lungs, and
produces shortness of breath, with a sensa-
i'wn of suffocation. It is particularly recom-
mended to persons of consumptive consti-
tutions,— for although the Proprietors do
not presume to affirm it will cure consuuip-
tion, still, from its soothing and healing
powers, it might be strongly recommended
as one of the first remeilies where that dis-
ease has not taken a strong hold.
The following case is selected from manj',
in addition to which, testimonials of the
most flattering nature have been received
from some of the first families in the neigh-
bourhood :
" This is to certify, that 1 was so afflicted with a
hard Cou^h ami great tightness of Bre:itli for more
than tliree years, I could get no sleep tor it, and my
breath was so bad I could with groat dilTicully lie
down in my bed ; I was recommi'iuled to try Ilum-
jmge's Medicated Syruj) of Iloreliound. I did so, and
bciore I had takeii it two days I felt considerably
better ; I went on witli it and took three large l)ot-
tles, which completely cured me. I think it my duty
lo let the Proprietors make my case as public as
possible, for tlie benefit of others who labour under
the same complaint, that they may be prevailed
upon to try so valuable a remedy.
" William Paynes, Charlton, near Ilenbury.
•• March 25, 1837."
Prepared only by the Proprietors, B.
HuMP.40E and Co., Chemists, 9, North-
street, Bristol, and sold wholesale and retail
by them ; also wholesale by Messrs. Drew,
Heyward, and Co., Great Trinity-lane,
Messrs. Butler, Cheapside, London ; Messrs.
Butler and luues, 20, Waterloo-place, Edin-
burgh.
N.B. Patent Medicine Venders supplied
by the Proprietors, or their appointed Whole-
sale Agents, upon the usual Terms,
18,-] 7-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
49
PUBLIC LIBRARY.
Bookselling, Stationeiy, :uul Patent Medi-
cine WaiL'hou.si', •_'], Ili<;li-st.. Bristol.
T I G II T and R I 1) I. E R heg:
ivspectt'ully to (liioct jnililic- atttution to
their N'aluablt! Library, tlio largest as well
as tin; oldest Cu'ciil.itini; Oolleetion of Books
in Bristol; containing nearly Fourteen Thou-
sand Volumes, comprising all the Standard
.AWn-ks in J)ivinity. History, Biography,
Voyages, and -TIJ.WELS, Miscellaneous
Literature, Poetry, The Drama, and Novels
and llomances that liave been pidflishtd dur-
ing the last Tliirfy Years: together with a
good collection of French Literature, to
which are continually adding all the New
Publications of ajproved merit as fast as
they appear.
The Magazines and other Periodicals are
circidated on the First Day of every Month.
Kvery exertion will he used to meet the
wishes of the Subscribers, and 1o maintain
the high reputation which the Library has
long acquired in this city, and many miles
round.
The following are the Terms : —
Yearly Subscribers at
III Town. In the Countrv.
£5 ,') are entitled to 24 Vols, or 30
4 4 .. IS .. 18
.3 3 .. ]'2 .. 24
2 2 .. G .. 12
11 .. 3 .. (i
For shorter periods, entitling Subscribers
to Three Volumes in Town, and Six in the
Country : —
s. d.
Six Months . . . 15 0
Thiee Months . . ..106
One Month . . .50
One Week . . .26
TO BIERCHANTS and OTHERS.
CUSTOM-HOUSE AGENCY.
"SHIPPING G A Z E T T E," &c.
BT. AND A. HANCOCK
• beg leave most respectfully to return
their gratet'ul Acknowledgments to those
Merchants, Masters of Vessels, and others
who have so kindly patronised them in their
capacity of CUStOM-HOLSK AGENTS
at the PORT of BRISTOL ; and to assure
them that at all times their Exertions shall
be mu'cmitting in the lacilitation of any Bu-
siness that may be intrusted to their care.
N. B. — B. T. IL has been employed in the
Trinity Light and Dock Receiver's Office
i'oT the last Fifteen Years, and Corresj)on-
dent anil Agent to the " Shipping Gazette,
and Commercial Auvertiseu,'' v^the largest
Evening Newspaper published in Lunduu)
from its first Publication in .January, 1836.
All AiJVKRTisKMENTS Sent to him for In-
sertion are forwarded by the first post in
his Daily Letter.
Bristol, Uth Oct. 1837.
PHILIP ROSE & SON,
PRINTERS, BOOKSELLERS, S: ST.\T10NERS,
Hroa.lni(M<l.H.islMl.
IDESPECTFULLV cull tlic atten-
tion of Merchants, Attorneys, and
others to their very Superior
Hl,ACiv WHITING INK.
Warranted not to turn jiale, but to increase
in blackness. P. R. & S. having been par-
ticularly engaged in the manufacture for
upwards of twenty years, can coniiilentially
invite comparison.
PRICE PER QUART :
S. • d.
Good Ink . . .06
Secunl Ink . . OS
Fine Ink, particularly re-l
commended forthe Coiuit- >0 10
ing House . .J
Superfine Ink . 1 0
Fidl allowance to Merchants, for exporta-
tion, and to Wholesale Houses.
Circidars, Catalogues, Cards, Posting and
Hand-bills, and every description of
Printing executed with neatness,
economy, and dispatch.
THE r.RISTOL ALMANAC;
Containing the Quarter Session ; Corpora-
tion ; liist of Charity Trustees ; Magis-
trates; Magistrates of Gloucester and
Somerset residing in the vicinity of Bris-
tol ; Consuls; Registrars of Births, Deaths,
and Marriages; Mail and Stage-coaches ;
common Carriers ; Steam-packets ; Canal
Carriers ; Trows ; Regulation of the Ports ;
Ilackney-Coach Fares; Bristol Annals ;
arid a variety of useful Local Intelli-
gence, is annually PUBLISHED on the
TENTH of NOVEMBER. Price Six-
pence.
STIVEN'S
GENERAL ITALIAN WAREHOUSE,
22, Iliyli Street, Bristol,
I^ROM tlie above Warehouse may
-^ be had all the various Articles of
genuine quality, wholesale and retail, the
Proprietor being importer or manufacturer
of'tlie principal part.
Merchants and Captains are suj)plied on
the best terms.
TO MEKCIIANT8, CAPTAINS, & OTHERS.
IT^RAMPTON AND HANCOCK,
BOTTLED LIQUOR MER-
CHANTS; Sole Agents for LAMONT,
STEWART, and Co.'s LtlNDON POR-
TER, STOUTS, and ALES, Custom-
House Avenue, Queen Square, Bristol.
N. B. — Delivered at the London Prices,
in Wood or Bottle, for Exportation.
*.J''' Country Ales, Cider, and Perry.
(1
50
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
JAMES T. VOWLES,
HAT MANUFACTURER,
17, Corn Street, Bristol.
T T. VOWLES most respectfully
' begs to inform Merchants, Captains,
and others exporting Hats, that he being a
Manufacturer on an extensive scale, and
going to the first Markets in the Kingdom
for his materials, he is enabled to do busi-
ness with Merchants, Captains, &c. on the
most advantageous terms. — J. T. V. would
most particularly recommend to their notice
his justly celebrated Economic Silk Hat,
weighing 3^ Ounces, especially adapted to
the tropical climates ; also, his Zephyr StufF
Hats, weighing 3^ Ounces. — J. V. has also
an extensive Stock of Caps of every descrip-
tion in Gentlemen's Travelling Caps, from
the Newly-invented Celebrated Capiitgere-
redormitor to the simple Lawn Cap : also.
Children's and Ladies' Riding Caps in great
variet)-, and most fashionable shapes.
J. T. V. being enabled in all respects to
compete with any House in the United
Kingdom, and assuring the mercantile World
and others, that exertion on his part shall
not be wanting to merit a continuance of the
extended patronage given to his Establish-
ment, which it will ever be his highest ambi-
tion to retain. — Observe, 17, Curn-st. Bristol.
THE CIVET CAT,
62, Wine Street, Bristol.
(J B. WORBOYS, in returning
• his sincere thanks to his numerous
Friends and Customers for the very liberal
and distinguished patronage and preference
shown to his Establishment, most respect-
fully be{^s to announce he is now constantly
receiving from the German and other Conti-
nental Markets every Novelty of Foreign
Fancy Merchandise; also of British Manu-
facture; consisting in all their variety of
English and Foreign Jewellery, China
Vases, and other Ornaments ; Silver-plated
and British-plate Articles, Backgammon and
Chess-hoards ; Pope Joan-boards and Chess-
men ; Rosewood Ladies' Work-boxes ; Writ-
ing-desks ; Dressing-cases, and Tea-caddies ;
Bronzery and Japanned Goods ; Cutlery of
every description ; Perfumery and Scented
Soap ; Hair, Cloth, andTooth-hrushes ; Tor-
toiseshell Com.bs ; every Article in Ivory and
Bone Turnery; portable Leather, Travelling,
and Shaving-cases; Gig, Riding, and Hunt-
ing-whips; foreign fancy Baskets ; Portfolios,
Magic Lanterns in very great variety ; Dis-
sected Maps, Puzzles, and Games; English
and Foreign Toys of every description; and
every other Article in the Fancy Trade, by
far too numerous to enumerate in an Adver-
tisement: to which he respectfully solicits
their inspection (whether as purchaser or
not), pledging himself that every Article
shall be found of the best qualitj', and at
the lowest remunerating prices. — The Civet
Cat, 62, Wine-street.— October 25, 1837.
MORE THAN A CENTURY!
FRY'S LONG-APPROVED
CHURCHMAN'S and Other CAKE
CHOCOLATES. PACKET COCOA,
made according to the Original Patent.
CHOCOLATE PASTE, CHOCOLATE
IN POWDER. BROMA.
Manufactured by J. S. FRY anu SONS,
Bristol.
"1 EDWARDS, MUSIC and
• MUSICAL INSTRUMENT SEL-
LER, 31, Upper Arcade, Bristol. — An ex-
tensive assortment of P1AN0-F0RTP:S by
the most eminent^ Makers, Flutes, Violins,
Violoncellos, Guitars, &c. — Instruments Ex-
changed, Tuned, Repaireil, and lent on
Hire. — *f/^ Manufacturer of Harp, Guitar,
Violoncello, and Violin Strings.
NAPOLEON'S COUGH PILLS.
^HE Recipe for these Pills was
given to the Proprietor diu-ing a voyage
from New York to London, in the summer
of 1825, by the late Mr. B. O'Meara, surgeon
to Napoleon in his exile, and Author of
" A Voice from St. Helena," and then en-
suite with the Ex-Princess of Spain, Joseph
Buonaparte's daughter.
These Pills, he said, were the best he
ever used for Coughs, Colds, Hoarseness,
Tickling in the Throat. Difficulty of Breath-
ing, and were held in high estimation by
" JSIapoleon," being his only relief when
thus afflicted ; as half-a-dozen doses were
generally sufficient to remove a cough of
the most troublesome description. This has
been proved by hundreds within the last ten
j'ears, whose testimonials could be inserted,
but for the expense of advertising.
They require but to be known to make
them distingiushed among the first — if not
the very first — remedy in Europe for all af-
fections of the Lungs and Chest.
Sold in Boxes with Directions, 1*. \^tl.
each, at J. Spencer's Cheap Medicine Ware-
house, 10, Broadmead, Bristol; and whole-
sale, by his appointment, by Messrs. Drew,
Hayward, and Co, 21, Great Trinity-lane,
and Messrs. Whittaker and Hodj^e, 102
and 103, Blackman-street, Borough, Lon-
don ; and retail by most respectable chemists
add druggists.
Sea and private Medicine Chests for ex-
portation, htted up with the greatest care,
and with medicines of the first quality,
cheaijer than any house in the kingdom.
Orders from abroad must be accompanied
by a remittance ; or order on some mer-
cantile house of respectability, to the amoimt
of Chest, &c. required.
The following sizes are recommended for
exportation: — 5/., 10/,, 15/., and 20A
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
E X E T E K.
WESTERN ANNUITY SOCIETY,
KnroUed under Stat. 10 Geo. IV, c. 56, as amended by Stat. 4 and 5 M'. IV, c. 40,
Established at Exeter, In 1831.
CHIEF OFFICE, HIGH-STREET, EXETER.
The Rifj^ht Hon. the Earl of Devon,
The Rij^ht Hon. the Earl Moiley,
The Ri-jjht Rev. the Lord Hibilu)p of Exeter,
Sir Tlionias Dyke Ackland, liart.
PATIiONS :
Sir W. \Y. Follett, Knt. Ml'.
H. S. n. WolJHston.Esij.
The Rev. C. H. Collyns, D.D
Thomas Saow, Esq. Banker.
TKUSTEKS :
Paid Measor, Estj. Alderman of the City of
ICxeter.
H. M. Ellicombe, Esc^. Treaburer of the City
of Exeter.
Heiuy Collins SplatN Esq. Banker.
The Rev. Edward iloulditch.
Thomas Hartnoll, Esq.
Rev. C R. Rojier.
AV'm. Kennaway, Esq. late Mayor of Exeter
T. E. Drake, Esq.
W. VoW' Cole, Es(i. Banker.
George Watts, Esq.
DIRECTOltS :
1. C. Sercombe, Esq.
\V. J. P. Wdkinson, Esq.
J(din Laidman, Esq.
Geors^e VV. Grove, Esq.
John Edye, Esq.
Rev. John M. Collyns.
TUEASUISEU :
George Chaplin Holroyd, Esq. Banker.
AUDITORS :
Mr. George Stabback, I Mr. George Pye,
Mr. Balle, | John Eyre Kingdon, Esq.
ARBITKATOUS :
Patrick Miller, M.D. Arthur Abbott, Esq.
Joseph Mountford, Esq. Harry James, Esq.
Ralph Barnes, Esq.
MEDICAL OFFICERS VOR EXETER :
Richard Lewin Pennell, M.D. | John Haddy James, Esq.
SECRETARY :
William Denis Moore, Solicitor, Hij^'h-strect, Exeter.
nnhis Society forcibly addresses itself to the Clergy, Professional, Oflficial, and Com-
-■- mercial Classes, aud to alhvhose incomes terminate with their lives ; enabling them, by
small Annual Payments, to make piovision for their Widows, Orphans, and other Relations,
surviving the Members.
During the first five years, all subscriptions were paid into the Bank of England, to the
account of the Commissioners for the Reduction of the National Debt, and accumulated at
Compound Interest, forming a. permanent fund ; to this permanent fund, after deducting the
expense of management, are m-w added all sums received for admission fees and books of
rules, for disparity, for redemption of annual premiums, and that poition of the current
annual premiums which is not apjilicable to the Annuity Fund.
The Annuity Fund consists of the Interest on the permanent Capital, and one-twentieth
part of the current annual premiums. An additional t\venti^th part of the current annual
premiums is yearly applied to the increase of this fund. The interest of the permanent
capital, and the proportion of the current annual premiums of one year, form the Annuity
Fund for the year following.
The Annuuy Fund for the ensuing year, is annually calculated on the liOth of May ; on
that day and on the 20th of November the number of annuitants is ascertained, and a. divi-
sion of the Annuity Fund is made up to thjse days, to an extent not exceeding 40/. for
each annuity.
d 2
52
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER. [1837-8.
At the close of the year, Ihe surplus of the Annuity Fund, if any, is carried to a separate
account, forming a reserved fund, to be applied at the discretion of the Directors, in sup-
porting the Annuities. .
The Members are divided into eight Classes, and piiy the annual premiums appropriated
to their respective Classes, as follow : — • . ...
1st Class, under 25 Years, nay £2 0 0 Annually'
2d do. '. . .^O . . . 2 1-0 0 —
3(1 ,lo. . . 3,') ... 3 0 0 — And an Entrance Fee of 2/. 5s. which
4th do. . . 40 . . . 3 10 0 — '-is increased annually 5s. subject to
5th do. .. 45 ... 4 0 0 — ( '^ discretionary power in the Di-
6th do. . . 50 . . . 4 10 0 — \ rectors.
7th do. .. 55 ... 5 0 0 —
8th do. .. 60 ... 5 10 0 —
In case the Member be older than his Nominee, he also pays, on nomination onhj, a Sum
in respect of the Disparity of Age, according to the annexed Table.
Example. A Member aged 32, who wishes to obtain an annuity at his death for his'
wife, nged 26 (being a disparity of six years), will pay
£. s. d.
Entrance Fee nnd Book of Rules. 2 7 6 increased to 2/. 12s. M. after the 20th
Disparitjr, Six years 1 15 0 May, 1838.
Annual I'reinium (Class 3.) 3 0 0
£7 2 G
And liis future annual payments will be £3 0 0
The Member has the option after the first year of paying his annual premiums in half-
yearly or quarterly instalments ; and he may also pay the sum charged as disparity, in
quarterly payments of 2/. with interest on the balance from time to time to be ascertained,
at the rate of 5/. per cent, per annum.
All payments are to be luade in advance: and fines for delay beyond fifteen days, are
provided on a graduated scale.
A Member may, in the discretion of the Directors, take as many as four shares, but may
not appropriate more than three annuities to one nominee.
A Member is entitled to a second nomination in case he should survive his first nominee,
on paying a sum for disparity between his own age and that of his second nominee ; such
disparity being calculated in the class on which he originally entered.
A Member must have subscribed five years before his nominee, surviving him, is entitled
to an annuity ; but the death of tl^e member within the five years does not forfeit the
nominee's interest, who has the oplioii « f continuing the annual in-en)imns, or if luiable to
pay them, the Society, on notice, will do so. and deduct the amount, with interest at 5/. per
cent, per annum, from the first payments of the ainmity.
Members have the option of r-deeming the annual premiums, for the first five years, or
for the whole life, at certain calculated rates, by which they are allowed 4/. per cent,
discount.
Female annuitants cease to be such on marriage, but are again entitled to participate in
ihe Annuity Fund on becoming Widows. Male annuitants cease to be such on attaining
the age of 21 years. But idiots or cripples, or persons otherwise incapacitated from obtain-
ing a livelihood, majr be anniutants i'or life, on special conditions.
The safety and adequacy of the Tables have been certified by Arthur Morgan, Esq.,
Actuary of the Equitable Assurance Society ; and the legality and sufficiency of the Rules
by J. Tidd Fratt, Esq., Barrister, appointed to certify Rules of Benefit Societies under the
Act ot Parli.iment.
A Board of Directors is held every Thursday.
Further particulars may be obtained by application to the Secretary, or any of the Local
Agents, or Medical Referees, personally, or by letter post-paid.
AGENTS. MEDICAL REFEREES.
Barnstaple . . Mr. Charles Burch . .7ohn Winter, Surgeon.
T, ., I Geo. Moger, Esq. Bathl ,, <-. ,•,(
Bath . • < /.-i T. 1 ^ \ George Spry, ditto.
\ City BiinK . . j o 1 ."
Eideford . . Mr. George Bragiuton . Richard Greville, ditto.
•D- ■ -u f W. H. NichoUs, Esq. So-1 ti -n i t T\/r r»
Birmingham * i l' t • I ^^'^"'T l^oherts, M.D.
Bridgewater . . .... Jonathan Toogood, Surgeon.
Bodmin . . Mr. W. R. Hicks . . Joseph Haniley, ditto.
Bridport ... .... John Hounsell, ditto
1837-8.]
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
53
Bristol .
Brixliain .
Chard
('olhimptnn.
Dartmouth .
Uawlitih .
Dulverton .
Devizes
Kxtnouth ,
Glastonbury
Honitou
Kenton
Kingsbridfijo
Laimct'ston .
London
Lyme Reikis
Melkshani, Wilts
Newton Abbott
Ottery St. Mary
Plymouth .
Taunton
Tavistock .
TiM£;nmouth
Toriiuay
Torrington .
Truro
Totness
Wellington .
■VYells
AGENTS.
. J. B.Grindon, Solicitor
. Jlr. B. Browse
James Nichols
. S. W. Prideaux .
fW. G. Gray, Solicil
\ Melkshani"
Mr. Edward Swanton
Mr. R. Dingiey .
W. G. Gray, Solicitor
Mr. John Budd .
C. D. Mayne. Solicitor
jMr. Kowse, Old Town
( street
j II. (;. Trenchard, Esq. So
I licitor
Mr. W'ehher' '.
Mr. Robert Stark
i\Ir. George Braginton
Jlr. John Yabbicon
Mr. E.'n. Wells .'
MEDICAL REFEREES.
John C. Earle, Queen's-square, Surgeon
(Jharles Brookinj^, ditto.
Northcote W. Si)icer, ditto.
— Gabriel, ditto.
Henry Hunt, ditto.
Win. M.Cann, ditto.
CJhailes Palk Collyus, ditto.
.rohn Spittiguc, ditto.
Frederick Gale, ditto.
Davciiish Sweeting, ditto.
William CoUyns, dit'o.
William Edwards, ditto.
Peter Brendon, ditto,
Alfred Iliimilton, London Hospital, ditto.
A. B. Pepiuni, ditto.
Charles Gay, ditto.
John Tinney, ditto.
John Hele Fuge, ditto.
11. Standert, ditto.
n. Lyddon, ditto.
I'liward Foote Loaman, ditto.
George Aiisen Cartwright, ditto.
He.iiry Cartwright, ditto,
John II. Caddy, ditto.
Clement Carlyon, M.D.
S. T. Bridge, Surgeon.
Henry Jones Bernard, ditto.
II U L L.
PHILLIPS'S ROYAL HAT DEPOT, Hull, England.— Samuel Phillips,
Hat Manufacturer to His Late Majesty, begs to announce to Mekciiants and the
various Consumeus of Hats, that during the late depression in the Markets, his extensive
purchases of materials enable him to make a considerable reduction in the price of his hats,
the quality of which are so well known, as to render comment superfluous. The following
are the lowest net prices for a quantity not less than one doz. of either kind :
s. tl. s. d. s. d. s. d.
Boy's Plate Hats . . .from o 0 to 3 6 to 3 9
Youth's do. do. ....
Men's do. do. ....
Boy's AVaterproof do. . .
Youth's do. do. ....
Men's do. do. ....
Men's Sluflf-do. ....
Men's Superior, do.
Men's Silk, do. ....
Superiin- do. do. or Stuff'
Silver Drab Meiton Hats
Improved Patent Black Pluma Levior
Hats from 3^ oz , equal in durabdity
and appearance to the finest Beaver .
Youth's Cloth Caps .
Youth's Superior do.
Y'outb's Extra Superior do.
Scaletta, Mock Sable, Fitch, and all other description of Caps, with every article con-
nected with the Trade.
Terms, 3 Months credit, by satisfactory reference to any house in England.
The greatest care is observed in packing for ditleient parts of the gTobe, and orders to
any exient will meet with the greatest dispatch.
3 6
3
9
4
0
3 9
4
1
4
6
4 0
4
G
5
0
4 6
5
3
5
9
4 10
5
3
(i
0
7 6
8
6
9
6 /o 1 0 G
12 6
14
6
IG
6
18- 6
3 9
4
3
ij
6
G G
7 6
8
6
9
6
3 9
4
6
5
G
6 G
7 0
7
9
8
6
11
10 Glo
s. (td. each.
12 6
14
6
IG
R
21 0 doz.
24 0
30
0
36
0
42 0 doz.
48 0
54
0 doz.
54
JOURNAL OF TRADE ADVERTISER.
[1837-8.
BIDEFORD.
BIDEFORD, DEVON.
To Commtrcial 4- other Gentlemen.
JOHN BINNEY, late Butler to
Mrs. Morrison, of Yeo Vale, begs to
state that his Estalilishmeat, the COM-
MERCIAL INN (near the Bridge), is re-
plete with every accommodation. Well-
aired Beds, lock-up Coaeh-houses, good
Stabling, &e. &c.
J. B. hopes, by strict attention to the
comforts of his Visitors, to merit a share of
public patronage.
NOTTINGHAM.
TO EXPORTERS AND IMPORTER S, &c.
R. J. W. H AYTHORN, Com-
mercial Agent, Nottingham, respect-
fully informs Exporteus and Foreign
Buyers of British Lace, Bobbin Nets;
Cotton, Silk Thread and Wasted Hosiery
Goods; Lace Thread, Hosiery Yarn ; Sew-
ing and Knitting Cotton ; Persian Thread ;
Cotton Balls ; Skein Thread, or any kind of
Cotton Yarn, and Fine Linen Thread, &c.,
that he will purchase on Commission, and
superintend the forwarding of their orders
for any of those articles.
To Importers and Merchants he offers
his Services as Agent for the disposal of
Foreign Produce suitable for Grocers, Drug-
gists, Drysalters, Bleachers, Dyers, &c.
Respectable References and Security if
required.
N. B. Agent for the Alliance Assurance
Company, and Royal Union Annuity Office.
THATCHAIM.
POOPER'S SAUCE for FISH,
^ SOUPS, ENRICHING GRAVIES,
&c. Prepared and Sold Wholesale and Re-
tail, by Thomas Cooper, Cooper's Cottage,
Thatcham, and at the principal Italian
Warehouses in Bristol, Bath and London.
This Sauce is esteemed peculiarly deli-
cious with Game, Wild Fowl, Hashes, Rump
Steaks, &c.
WHITEHAVEN.
EMPERANCE NEWS
ROOM, No. 13, Preston-Street,
Whitehaven. — Loudon & Provincial News-
papers taken in, with the respective Tem-
perance Periodicals.
Terms 8s. per Annum. — Apprentices Half
Price.— Open on the Sabbath, only as an
Adult Sunday School.
Parliamentary or other useful Papers,
gratis, are respectfully solicited, and will be
most thankfully received.
Edward Bell, Secretary.
YARMOUTH.
CLASSICAL AND COMMERCIAL
School, King-Street House, Yarmouth,
Norfolk, conducted by
R. P L U M M E R, who is
assisted by two resident Tutors, edu-
cated for the Church, and by a native of
France. Young Gentlemen are liberally
boarded and carefully instructed in the
Greek, Latin, English, and French Lan-
guages; and as the Principal is aware of
the advantages of the Mathematics, he has
amply provided for that department, which
is conducted upon the most extensive plan,
as nothing is more calculated to call forth
the energies of the mind than this science,
which, while it exercises the reason, ability,
and research of the Pupil, establishes a
solid and logical discernment. It is needless
to state that Book-keeping, Merchant's Ac-
counts, and the other branches of Arith-
metic are strictly attended to. Upon these
principles a complete education, both Clas-
sical and Commercial, is obtained, and every
facility afforded to constitute the Gentleman
and finished Scholar. Terms, according to
age, from 20 to 25 guineas per annum.
ROTTERDAM.
]%/|R. A. S. PRESTON begs to
IjIsl annoimce that he has established him-
self at Rotterdam, as a General Commercial
Agent, and will be happy to render his ser-
vices useful to those who may be inclined
to honour him with their commands. The
most respectable references can be given.
Satisfaction on this head can be had at the
OfKce of " The Y'early Journal of Trade,"
25, St. Swithin's-lane, London; or of Mr.
Pope, Custom-house, Bristol.
TO ADVERTISERS.
THE
YEARLY JOURNAL OF TRADE.
EDITED BY Mu. POPE.
" 'THE YEARLY JOURNAL OF TRADE," from the nature of the
Work and from its very peculiar .ind extensive circulation both at home and abroad,
offers advantaj^es to Advertisers which scarcely any other Publication — if any— can possess.
In our Colonics and in Foreign Countries, there is probably not an inhabited or civilized
spot that it does not reach.
To all Public Companies, to mercantile and trading concerns, and indeed to all Under-
takini's whatsoever, which require great and permanent publicity, the benefits of adver-
tising ill such Journal must be almost incalculable.
OFFICIAL CORRESPONDENTS.
To give some idea of the mode of publishing "The Yearly Journal of .Trade"
and of its probable circulation, it is deemed proper to add, that CorrespoHdents are
already established for it, at the places undermentioned.
As fast as opportunities occur— and these occur almost daily^t is intended to increase
the number so as to have a Correspondent at each principal Port oTthe Globe.
From the Official List, it appears that 'there are about a thousand of such Ports. It
would thus seem that the circulation of the Journal may be pushed to a prodigious extent.
Takino- however a very moderate view of the case, and calculating them at one half of
these, say five hundred, including between fifty and sixty in the United Kingdom, and
averaging the number of copies subscribed for at each Port at only forty, it would thus
give a total of Twenty Thousand Copies. Suppose then that each copy be consulted
(hiring the year by fifty different persons, the aggregate would be A MILLION OF
READERS.
Indeed, without hyperbole, the circulation may be said, almost in the language of
Shakspeare, to extend to
" The great globe itself.
Yea, all which it inherits."'
[Carried over.
THE YEARLY JOURNAL OF TRAT>E—co>ithiued.
ENGL AN D.
LONDON, viz.
Custom HousL^, 3 depart-
muiits
Lei;;al Quays
Lundoii DiiL-ks
St. Katharine Docks
East India Docks
"West India Dodcs
Barnstaple
Bath
Bideibrd
Birraingham
Boston
Bridijewater
Bridlington
Bristol
Cardiff
Carlisle
Carmarthen
Chester
Dartmouth
Exeter
Falmouth
Goucester
GoUes ,
Grimshy
EUROPE.
Hull
Leeds
Liverpool
Llanelly
Lynn
Manchester
Mdford
Newcastle-upon Tyne
Plymouth
Portsmouth
South.rmpton
Stockton
Sunderland
Swansea
Trowhridye
Truro
Weymouth
Whitehaven
Yarmouth, Norfolk
SCOTLAND.
Aberdeen
Dundee
Glasgow
Greenock
Leith
Port Glasy-ow
I R E LAND,
Belfa,t
Cork
Dublin
Dm.dalk
(^alway
Limerick
Waterford
Wexford
COLONIES & FOREIGN
PLACES.
Guernsey aird Jersey
St. Pelersburgh ^
Antwerp
Rotterdam
]\Iemel
Boulogne
Bordeaux
Calais
Marseilles
Cadiz
Malaga
Gibraltar
Lesihorn
Calcutta
ASIA.
Sydney. New South Walea
AFRICA.
Alexandria
Mauritius
AMERICA.
British W^est Indies, viz.
Barbadoes
Demerara
Grenada
Jamaica, Black River Havannah
Savannah-le-Mar Nevis
Foreis-n West Indies, viz. St. Kitts
Honduras St. Vincent
ADVERTISEMENTS received at the Offick, 2:j, St. Swithin"s Lank, Corniiili.'
London; at every Custom House throughout the British Dominions; and at every
Oifice of the Bkiti.su Consul in Foreign Ports. Advertisements should be sent to reach
the Office by the close of each Session of Parliament,
K\
Live Music Archive
Librivox Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland Museum of Art
Internet Arcade
Console Living Room
Books to Borrow
Open Library
TV News
Understanding 9/11