Skip to main content

Full text of "Yorkshire Puritanism and early nonconformity : illustrated by the lives of the ejected ministers, 1660 and 1662"

See other formats 


ww/iww/M,' ■.,''■/■■  ■  ,*  ■    •  ■  \ 


W///MM, ''  s 


«B 


m 


m 


m$£ 


mm 


:,  . 


: 

m 


!$ 


Yorkshire  Puritanism 


AND 


Early  Nonconformity. 


Illustrated  by   the    Lives   of  the   Ejected  Ministers, 
1660   and  1662. 


BY 

THE    LATE    REV.    BRYAN    DALE,    M.A. 

(Some  time  Secretary  of  the  Yorkshire  Congregational  Union). 


EDITED   BY  T.   G.   CRIPPEN 

(Secretary   of  the  Congregational  Historical   Society). 


Revs.  J.   Gregory,  G.    Hunsworth,   M.A.,  and    G.  S.  Smith,   Bradford, 
a 


(£iftnncss. 

Miiu+&* &J&0&M  /660  b/662     X 
/tteaj'&miUd&jme.jiveJtitc 

J2w+ui~t.  &tLt£^»-£<u^t 5 

~t3it44yc***-0'~t~ ,  _ n 

J*i4CeJ<^H.0£-e*v(r,  A 

■fttk/^etyt,  _. ^ 

(LicaJicr, .....^ 


9  duiishorauifh' ' 
XgreatAyton      ^V^^^V/1 


W? 


■ES& 


"^-V 


\o      ,  A/ 


,V      .\ 


:  ^  • 


YOEKSIBDIIRE, 

TO   ILLUSTRATE  ITS 

,    v      PURITANISM  AND  NONCONFORMITY 

/    .     1  In  the  Seven  tee  nth  Century. 


f    I    i    1    1    I    i    I     I    v-j 
WW 


wli 


xGantim 


infsby 


9»/   /Settritrgfton 


dlifik 


^2$oyiil<» 


JirtJliiHfton, 
xl 


3u$thovpf 


Liittl 

I 


'»&«& 


ijpttthCa* 


Cottinf/ieuf   \     1/ v  . 


£ig<}lfstho 


%$utfon 


p^//^ 


ru*>i 


&-*r  .- *      SI 


XEJItnjto't 


ate,  x***«« 


'<S-m4.«^ 


KV 


LOAN  STAQC 


FOREWORD. 


The  late  Rev.  Bryan  Dale,  M.A.,  was,  as  is  well-known,, 
an  accomplished  and  indefatigable  student  of  the  History 
of  Nonconformity  and  Independency.  He  grudged  no 
labour  and  research  in  collecting  and  amassing  material 
bearing  on  this  study,  exploring  for  this  purpose  the 
archives  of  the  British  Museum,  Lambeth  Palace,  the 
Bodleian  Library,  Oxford,  as  well  as  other  sources  of 
information. 

The  result  is  very  partially  embodied  in  the  present 
work  on  "Yorkshire  Puritanism  and  Early  Nonconform- 
ity." This  has  been  carefully  compiled  from  Mr.  Dale's 
notes  and  ably  edited  by  the  Rev.  T.  G.  Crippen, 
Secretary  of  the  Congregational  Historical  Society. 

For  the  Nonconformist  Churches  of  Yorkshire,  and 
especially  for  those  of  the  Congregational  Faith  and 
Order,  this  work  should  have  a  special  interest  and  value. 
It  is  a  monument  to  the  men  who,  in  the  heroic  age  of 
Nonconformity,  preferred  to  encounter  homelessness, 
privation  and  suffering  rather  than  purchase  peace  at  the 
price  of  conscience,  and  buy  off  by  unworthy  compliance 
the  resentment  and  intolerance  of  the  then  rulers  of 
Church  and  State. 

It  was  Mr.  Dale's  purpose  to  write  a  full  and  compre- 
hensive history  of  Congregationalism  in  Yorkshire.  This 
was  frustrated  by  growing  physical  incapacity.  Had  he 
been  as  zealous  in  the  disposing  and  presentation  of  his 
material  as  he  was  in  seeking  and  bringing  it  together, 
this  History — doubtless  in  less  complete  form — would 
have  been,  long  ere  this,  an  accomplished  fact. 


324 


FOREWORD. 


As  it  is,  Mr.  Dale  has  left  behind  a  vast  store  of 
information  which  will  require  considerable  sifting, 
arranging  and  editing  before  it  is  in  order  for  publication. 

It  is  hoped,  however,  that  instalments  of  the  History 
may  be  given  to  the  public  from  time  to  time.  The 
reception  accorded  to  the  present  venture  will  afford 
some  indication  as  to  the  favour  which  similar  publica- 
tions are  likely  to  meet  with  at  the  hands  of  present  day 
Yorkshire  Congregationalists.  It  will  be  a  disappoint- 
ment to  us,  as  Mr.  Dale's  literary  Executors,  if  its  success 
does  not  bear  some  corresponding  relation  to  the  labour 
and  skill  which  have  been  expended  upon  it. 

For  this  expenditure,  as  for  the  whole-hearted  way  in 
which  the  task  has  been  undertaken  and  carried  out,  we 
tender  to  the  Rev.  T.  G.  Crippen  our  sincere  and 
emphatic  thanks. 


James  Gregory. 
George   Hunsworth. 
George  S.  Smith. 


Bradford, 

December,  1909. 


EDITOR'S  PREFACE, 


The  History  of  Evangelical  Nonconformity  naturally 
falls  into  two  main  divisions,  that  of  "  The  Old  Dissent," 
and  that  of  the  Churches  which  grew  out  of  the  Methodist 
Revival.  The  former  is,  in  fact,  the  history  of  Puritanism 
in  its  later  developments,  after  the  great  schism  which 
was  consummated  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity. 

With  but  few  exceptions  the  Presbyterian  and  Con- 
gregational Churches  of  the  seventeenth  century  owed 
their  origin  to  the  labours  of  ministers  who  had  been 
ousted  from  their  benefices,  fellowships,  &c,  at  the 
Restoration,  or  were  ejected  two  years  later  for  lack  of  pre- 
latic  ordination,  or  for  declining  to  affirm  their  "  unfeigned 
assent  and  consent  to  all  and  everything  contained  and 
prescribed  "  in  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer.  The  number 
of  these  is  roughly  estimated  at  rather  over  than  under 
two  thousand ;  of  whom  155  were  ejected  in  Yorkshire, 
and  64  others  were  variously  connected  with  the  county. 

The  first  attempt  to  collect  memorials  of  these  Puritan 
Confessors  was  made  by  Edmund  Calamy,  in  an  Appendix 
to  his  "  Abridgment  of  Baxter's  History  of  His  Life  and 
Times,"  of  which  a  second  edition  appeared  in  1713, 
while  the  victims  of  reactionary  intolerance  were  still 
represented  by  several  aged  survivors.  A  "  Continuation  " 
of  this  work  was  published  in  1727. 

In  *775  Samuel  Palmer  published  a  condensed  edition 
of  Calamy's  work,  embodying  the  Continuation,  in  two 
vols.,  under  the  title  of"  The  Nonconformist's  Memorial  "; 
and  a  greatly  improved  edition  in  three  vols,  appeared 
in  1802.     This  still  remains  our  most  important  treasury 


EDITOR'S    PREFACE. 


of  information  about  the  ejected  ministers,  and  is   not 
likely  to  be  wholly  superseded. 

But  the  diligent  research  which  has  been  pursued  by 
lovers  of  Puritan  history,  since  the  Bicentenary  Com- 
memoration in  1862,  has  brought  to  light  vast  stores  of 
material  to  which  neither  Calamy  nor  Palmer  had  access, 
and  the  very  existence  of  which  was  unknown  to  them. 
The  returns  obtained  by  Archbishop  Sheldon,  now  pre- 
served among  the  Tenison  MSS.  at  Lambeth  Palace;  the 
documents  relating  to  the  Indulgence  of  1672,  now  easily 
accessible  in  the  Public  Record  Office;  numerous  MSS. 
in  the  British  Museum,  Williams's  Library,  and  elsewhere ; 
the  Diaries  and  Correspondence  of  such  men  as  Heywood, 
Newcome,  Thoresby,  etc. ;  innumerable  Parish  Registers, 
Church  Books,  Wills,  and  Private  Letters,  as  well  as 
many  publications  of  acknowledged  authority,  make  it 
possible  to  present  a  far  more  complete  account  of  the 
"  Fathers  and  Founders  of  Protestant  Dissent  "  than  has 
hitherto  been  offered  to  the  public.  Amongst  those  who 
have  laboured  to  this  end,  none  has  been  more  patient 
and  assiduous  than  the  late  Rev.  Bryan  Dale. 

Mr.  Dale  was  a  native  of  Cornwall,  and  in  early  life 
was  a  lay  preacher  in  the  "  Wesleyan  Methodist  Associa- 
tion." Adopting  the  Congregational  theory  of  Church 
polity,  he  became  a  student  in  the  Western  College, 
Plymouth,  and  graduated  in  the  London  University. 
In  1854  ne  entered  on  his  first  pastorate  at  Coggeshall, 
Essex,  the  church  founded  by  the  great  Puritan  theologian, 
Dr.  John  Owen.  While  there  he  made  his  mark,  not 
only  by  his  pulpit  ministrations  and  pastoral  assiduity, 
but  by  his  researches  into  Congregational  history — toward 
which  his  bent  may  have  been  determined  by  his  intimacy 
with  that  ripe  scholar  and  laborious  investigator,  Rev.  T. 
W.  Davids,  of  Colchester.  After  nine  years  he  removed 
to  Halifax,  where  for  twenty-three  years  he  exercised  a 
laborious  and  fruitful  pastorate.  Indeed,  it  is  difficult  to 
understand  how  he  found  time  and  energy  for  his  varied 
activities,  not  only  in  the  ministry,  but  in  literature  and 
in  connection  with  the  public  life  of  the  town  and  its 


EDITOR'S    PREFACE. 


educational  institutions.  Resigning  his  pastorate  in  1886, 
he  devoted  the  best  energies  of  his  remaining  years  to 
the  Yorkshire  Congregational  Union,  of  which  he  was 
chosen  Secretary.  "  He  had  a  rare  combination  of 
qualities  which  marked  him  out  pre-eminently  for  this 
work — keen  insight,  a  large  grasp,  and  scrupulous 
accuracy  in  details,  as  well  as  quick  and  ready  sympathy 
with  ministers  and  churches."  These  qualities  especially 
fitted  him  for  the  successful  pursuit  of  his  favourite 
recreation — Historical  Research.  Residing  during  his 
later  years  in  Bradford,  he  was  an  active  member  of  the 
Historical  and  Antiquarian  Society  of  that  city,  for  which 
he  wrote  several  valuable  papers.  He  also  contributed 
papers  of  importance  to  the  Transactions  of  the  Con- 
gregational Historical  Society.  His  first  book,  published 
in  1863,  was  "The  Annals  of  Coggeshall";  his  last, 
published  in  1906,  was  a  "  Life  of  the  Good  Lord 
Wharton  " — including  an  account  of  the  origin,  perversion, 
and  restoration  of  that  nobleman's  *  Bible  Charity,'  to 
the  recovery  of  which  Mr.  Dale's  own  exertions  has 
largely  contributed.  Mr.  Dale  died  at  Bradford  on  30th 
July,  1907,  in  the  seventy-fifth  year  of  his  age  and  the 
fifty-third  of  his  minstry. 


T.  G.  C. 


6     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


MINISTERS    EJECTED    IN    YORKSHIRE. 


i. 

2. 
3- 

4- 
5- 
6. 

7- 
8. 

9- 

10. 
11. 
12. 

13- 
14. 

15. 
16. 

17. 

18. 
19. 
20. 
21. 
22. 
(?)• 
23. 
24. 

25. 
26. 
27. 
28. 
29. 
30. 
3i. 
32. 
33- 
34- 
35- 
36. 

37- 
38. 

39. 
40. 
41. 

(?)• 
42. 

43- 

44. 

45- 
46. 

47- 


Amgill,  Christopher        R.,  Treeton. 

Arlush,  Stephen,  M.A V.,  Howden. 

Armitage,  Robert  Ch.,  Holbeck. 

Ashley,  William (?)  Rastrick. 

Atkinson, —        ..         ..         ..         ..  Leeds  Grammar  School. 

Awkland,  John . .  Letwell. 

Barnes,  David R.,  Birkin-on-Aire. 

Baycock,  James (?)  South  Cave. 

Bentley,  Eli,  M.A V.,  Halifax. 

Benton,  William  EL,  Thornscoe. 

Birkbeck,  Thomas  R.,  Ackworth. 

Bloom,  Matthew C,  Sheffield. 

Blount,  or  Blunt,  John,  B.A R.,  Hollym. 

Booker,  or  Bowker,  James       . .         . .  C,  Sowerby. 

Bovill,  Francis     .  ^         Ch.,  Bramley. 

Bovill,  John  or  Jon.      ..  ..         ..  Monk  Fryston. 

Bowles,  Edward,  M.A.  ..         ..  York  Minster. 

Boyard,  or  Byard  R.,  Wheldrake. 

Buckle,  Buckley,  or  Bulkley  ..         ..  P.C.,  Guiseley. 

Burdsell,  Thomas  P.C.,  Selby. 

Calvert,  James,  M.A V.,  Topcliff. 

Calvert,  Thomas,  M.A York  Minster. 

Carmitchell,  or  Carmichael,  John     ..  Ch.,  Thoresby. 

Cart,  J.,  or  William       ..         ..         ..  R.,  Hansworth. 

Charman,  Stephen,  M.A R.,  Hemsworth. 

Clark,  Peter,  M.A R.,  Kirby  Underdale. 

Clayton,  Luke V.,  Rotherham. 

Colewhone,  or  Colquhoun,  James     ..         V.,  Ganton. 
Constantine,  Henry,  M.A R.,  Moor  Monkton. 

Coore,  Richard Ch.,  Tong. 

Cornwall,  Ralph  Skipsea. 

Cranford,  or  Crawford  ..         ..         V.,  Bugthorpe. 

Crooke,  John,  M.A P.C.,  Denby. 

Crossley,  Jeremiah,  M.A Ch.,  Bramhope. 

Cudworth,  Nicholas (?)  C,  Beeston. 

Darwent,  Isaac Ch.,  Stannington. 

Dawson,  Joseph Ch.,  Throxton. 

Denton,  John        Oswaldkirk. 

Denton,  Nathan P.C.,  Bolton-on-Dearn. 

Donkinson,  John P.C.,  Sand  Hutton. 

Dury,  David         P.C.,  Honley. 

Ell  wood,  Samuel V.,  Bishopthorpe. 

Etherington  Morley. 

Evanke,  George Great  Ayton. 

Everard,  Hugh    .. P.C.,  Hickleton. 

Fairfax,  Henry,  M.A R.,  Bolton  Percy. 

Ferret,  Joseph,  or  Joshua        ..         ..        V.,  Pontefract. 

Fido,  Anthony V.,  Hemingborough. 

Fisher,  James V,,  Sheffield. 

(Flaxton,  see  Plaxton) 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE. 


Ministers    Ejected    in    Yorkshire    (continued). 

48.  Foresight,  — (?)  "East  Hepsley." 

49.  Fox,  Thomas (?)  Easington. 

50.  Gargrave,  Cotton  V.,  Kippax. 

51.  Garnet,  John,  M.A.       ..         ..         ..  Leeds  Grammar  School. 

52.  Gunter,  John,  LL.B V.,  Bedale. 

53.  Haines,  —  P.C.,  Walton. 

54.  Hancock,  Rowland        ..         ..         ..  V.,  Ecclesfield. 

55.  Hardcastle,  Thomas,  B.A.       . ,         ..  V.,  Bramham. 

56.  Hawden,  William  ..         ..  ..  V,,  Broadsworth. 

57.  Hawksworth,  Thomas,  M.A Ch.,  Hunslet. 

58.  Hepworth,  John  . .         . .  . .  C.,  Let  well. 

59.  Heywood,  Oliver,  B.A ..  Ch.,  Coley. 

60.  Hibbert,  Henry,  D.D Hull  (Trinity). 

61.  Hide,  John  C,  Slaithwaite. 

62.  Hill,  Edward R.,  Crofton. 

63.  Hill,  Matthew P.C.,  Thirsk. 

64.  Hill,  Nicholas ..  V.,  Burstwick. 

65.  Hill,  Stephen (?)  Beverley. 

66.  Hobson,  John,  M.A R.,  Sandal  Parva. 

67.  Holdsworth,  Josiah,  B.A P.C.,  Nether  Poppleton. 

68.  Holdsworth,  Josiah  (2)  ..  ..  P.C.,  Sutton. 

69.  Holmes,  Barham,  M.A.  ..         ..  R.,  Armthorpe. 

70.  Hoole,  John         ..  C,  Bradfield. 

71.  Hulston,  —  (?)  Edlington. 

72.  Ingham,  —  Uncertain :  W.R. 

73.  Inman,  —  R.,  High  Hoyland. 

74.  Issott,  John         P.C.,  Nun  Monkton. 

75.  Jackson,  Christopher  (1)  . .         . .  Uncertain. 

76.  Jackson,  Nathaniel        V.,  Barwick-in-Elmete. 

77.  Jennison,  —         . .  . .  . .         . .  (?)  Osgodby. 

78 .  Johnson,  Thomas  . .         . .         . .  V.,   Sherburn-in-Elmete. 

79.  Kaye,  William V.,  Stokesley. 

80.  Kennion,  Roger  . .         . .  . .  . .  C,  Ripponden. 

81.  Kirby,  Joshua Lect.,  Wakefield. 

82.  Lambe,  Nathaniel  V.,  Alne. 

83.  Laughthorn,   or  Langthorne,    Simeon  P.C.,  Boynton. 

84.  Law,  Thomas R.,  Sigglesthorne. 

85.  Lecke,  Thomas P.C.,  Barlby. 

86.  Lee,  Obadiah (?)  Warmfield. 

(?).  Lister,  —  Giggles  wick. 

87.  Lloyd,  —  Ch.,  Farnley. 

88.  Lucke,  William P.C.,  Bridlington. 

89.  Marsden,  Gamaliel         Ch.,  Southowram. 

90.  Marsden,  Jeremiah         V.,  East  Ardsley. 

91.  Marshall,  Christopher V.,  Woodchurch. 

92.  Medcalf,  Alexander         . .         . .  . .  V.,  Stillington. 

93.  Mekal,  or  Michel  R.,  Setterington. 

94.  Micklethwafte,  Thomas,  M.A.  . .  R.,  Cherry  Burton. 

95.  Milward,  John R.,  Darfield. 

96.  Milner,  Jeremiah,  B.A V.,  Rothwell. 

97.  Moore,  Edmund  . .         . .  . .  Ch.,  Baildon. 

98.  Moorhouse,  Henry         ..         ..         ..  R.,  Castleford. 

99.  Nesbitt,  Philip R.,  Kirklington. 

100.  Nesse,  Christopher,  M.A Lect.,  Leeds. 

101.  Noble,  John,  M.A R.,  Kirk  Smeaton. 

102.  Ord,  — R.,  Cowsby. 

103.  Packland,  John Uncertain. 

104.  Pecket,  Philip V.,  Lastingham. 

105.  Peebles,  —  Uncertain. 


8     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


Ministers    Ejected    in    Yorkshire    [continued). 


106.  Perrot,  Richard,  B.D York  Minster. 

107.  Pickering,  Robert,  M.A.  ..         ..  Ch.,  Barley. 

108.  Plaxton,  or  Plackstone,  John  ..  R.,  Scrayingham. 

109.  Pomeroy,  John P.C.,  Barmby-in-Marsh. 

no.     Prime,  Edward C,  Sheffield. 

in.     Procter,  Anthony,  M.A.  ..         ..  V.,  Well. 

112.  Procter,  Charles  V.,  Whitkirk. 

113.  Rathband,  Nathaniel R.,  Ripley. 

114.  Richardson,  Christopher,  M.A.  ..  R.,  Kirkheaton. 

115.  Richardson,  Edward,  D.D Ripon  (Col.  Ch.). 

116.  Robinson,  John Ch.,  Rastrick. 

117.  Robinson,  Joseph  R.,  Cottingham. 

118.  Roote,  Henry Ch.,  Sowerby. 

119.  Roote,  Timothy Ch.,  Sowerby  Bridge. 

120.  Ryther,  John North  Ferriby,  S. 

121.  Sale,  James,  M.A Lect.,  St.  John's,  Leeds. 

122.  Sampson,  —        ..         ..         ..         ..  Ch.,  RawclifF. 

123.  Scargill,  —  Ch.,  Chapelthorpe. 

124.  Scurr,  Leonard Beeston. 

125.  Sharp,  Thomas R.,  Adel. 

126.  Shaw,  John,  M.A Hull  (Trinity). 

127.  Shaw,  Joseph Ch.,  Worsborough. 

128.  Shemhold,  — V.,  Osmotherley. 

129.  Sherborne,  Robert,  M.A.  ..         ..  V.,  Cawood. 

130.  Sincleare,  Henoch  R.,  Slingsby. 

131.  Smallwood,  Thomas      ..         ..         ..  V.,  Batley. 

132.  Smith,  Joshua      ..         ..         ..         ..  V.,  Little  Ouseburn. 

133.  Spofford,  John V.,  Silkstone. 

134.  Stables,  —  Chapeltown. 

135.  Stevenson,  Anthony       ..  ..         ..  R.,  Rous. 

136.  Swift,  Henry        V.,  Penistone. 

137.  Taylor,  Richard..  Great  Houghton. 

138.  Thomas,  Gilbert V.,  Stillingfleet. 

139.  Thelwall,  John R.,  Whiston. 

140.  Thorpe,  Richard Hopton,  S. 

141.  Todd,  Cornelius,  M.A V.,  Bilton. 

142.  Todd,  Robert,  M.A P.C.,  St.  John's,  Leeds. 

143.  Towne,  Robert Ch.,  Haworth. 

144.  Waite,  Thomas V.,  Wetwang. 

145.  Wales,  Elkanah Ch.,  Pudsey. 

146.  Walton,  —  V.,  Kirkby  Malzeard. 

147.  Warham,  Richard  Silenced  in  Yorkshire. 

148.  Waterhouse,  Jonas,  M.A C,  Bradford. 

149.  Whitehurst,  Richard V.,  Laughton. 

150.  Williams,  Peter York  Minster. 

151.  Wilson,  George V.,  Easingwold. 

152.  Wilson,  Joseph V.,  Beverley  St.  Mary. 

153.  Wilton,  Joshua,  M.A R.,  Thornhill. 

154.  Wood,  Ralph Ch.,  Saddleworth. 

155.  Wood,  Timothy V.,  Sandal  Magna. 

(R.:* Rectory;  V.-Vicarage;  Ch.=Chapelry;  C.^Curate;  P.C.=« Perpetual  Curate; 

S.  =  Silenced.) 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   OTHER   COUNTIES. 


O 

n 

b 

o 

CO 


ft* 

to 
of  *j 


O    >- 

S3 


B 

O 
fe| 

to 

to 


•  0) 
00  U 
>    T4 


•ojo 
* 

■a 

0 

B 

J 

TD 

i 

o 

>< 

.2 

P 

d 
6 

o 

CO 

d" 
o 

"So 

d 

U3 

u 

B 

.d 

a 

.5 

£ 

U 

pt< 

a 

fa 

o 

S 

0 

3 

<! 

*—l 

d 

3 

£ 

J-.    <u 

5 

GO 

8 

4 

Cj 

a 

u 

ft 

8 

cd 

ta 

eg 

id 

J_, 

h 

+j 

u 

h 

u 

H 

a 

si 

S 

d 

00 

B 

C> 

0) 

<u  X! 

S 

h 

A  A 

n 

Tl 

u 

U 

Q 

u 

u 

CJ 

g 

n 

ES 

rr1 

a 

a 

a 

rl 

U 

CJ 

B 

<i) 

Ph  W  Ph  pQ  fe  Ph  f^4  fm  Aou 

go 


n3 
c 

©  o;   <u 

^  ^  a 

8  2  id 

d  «2   » 

■5  o^i2 

s  sits 


T3  T3 
d    d 


CD 

2 

GO 

B 

1 

a 

£ 

B 

c 

d 

B 

o 

CO 

o 
o 
d 

-3  -5 

o  o 

1 

3 

o 

0 

2 

Q 

>-: 

3  fc  53  Q  i-1 

X!  ,d  ,d 

to  to     to 

2  2  ^ 

9  9  « 

a3  c3    ao 

-}  J  Q 


«     'I 


JP 


CO  **"> 

O  to 

jj  i 

o  tJ 


X! 

•2nO 
S    O 


«£££ 


S3 


*-<     to    ■*-' 

£  <  $ 

CUO    >, 

no    jh 

'C  o 


d 
, •  •    •*»    •    • 

d       <j  w> 

-C   >  -d  +j  o  ^  c« 

00     O  T)     ™  "1^     H  •" 

M 


.a 


2  2^«S 


CO 

o-.    . 

•a  :  :  :     »  :  | 

XJ 

d                 d   2       Q 
3  8       x)  5  *i  d   d 

OjO  O 
O    aJ 

at  unce 
Darling 
Croglin 
Petwor 
Gale  B 
ilenced 
Hartbu 
ilenced 

•    . 

CO      .  CO 

©coaya>a)coa>a>wao<Dcoao©©OcD<i>tuaocoao-     ao- 


<  < 


<3 

CQ     . 

'H  b  a 

^  ^  -5 

-    ft  x 
to    co    ct5 


s 


*a         ao  -m 


o  JU 
C  X3 


CO  +j 

S^  CD 

C5  O 

CO  & 


55  « 

rt  o 

o  O 

O  U 

*  * 


C     CO 

i — i  o 
to    ftf 

UQ 


d   « 
o     - 


05    d 


•^  s 

o    rt 

n-T    d 

d  i — , 


PQ 


cj    cij 

8  2 
co  H 


-    O  d     l-J 

kT  ^i  CO     oo 

^55  O  O  CU  P^  CO 
^  ^  * 


O  .2 

,-■§« 

I    — »    - 

-  d 

453 

-C    bX)  p 
O  £ 


Si 
•a  g 

45-    -Jf 


X! 
-Q  d 

ft    « 
J?   00 

rf     5i 

no    ** 

a  © 


•H      M 


^  in  vo    t^oo    o»  O 


io     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


£        i  .       a         g  I 

rn  B  S!        —        i; 


B  >  »B 

Q3  o       a    g    r 


•all       -  - 


3 


iicj     -S  «  o  o  5  vs  S 13      o5  d*  a  <3.S  t*tsa  -  °  9  ^^i 

§      "|!**lf'2lJ  •s|.sS.s.ss-:l.sl^s|a 

i-t;  o>  -m  a  +J  <u  d)  "g  -^  -w  •£  oj       aj      ^  'S  ^  ^  S  -^  'S  t3  rt  -»-•  -^  'S       ^ 


CO 


•  jd     *    *     •    ••£}     •    •    •    *    *    •    •  &0   t  §    *    *    "    *    *    *         • 

§.•  g  11    s  a*      A        i  J    el-sa      1 

^i:l:!!J#:1|i:':Jli:lii!,  I 

G  S  iiyiilill3l1l0ililiMS|l  .ll*  I 

**i      C^)        4)4)4)0)4)0)4)4)0)  'aJ*  0)0)          474)4)4)4)0)4)4) '4?  4)4)0)0)4)4)          4) 
.     ^  

fcq  N     •  •  •  • • *%  - 


ta 


fx,    a  •  b*Q  0  •  •  •     .•.     .b...s c  .  .^ 


tf    .  o  d  .^    •    •    *  <n    •    •    •        .0...4) a    •   .71   • 

S     1 1*3     I        I     I   IiiJ 

J>  c3  ....  ... 


^  :  :  :  :<qpq  .  :q  .    S :  .  •<  .  .  .  . 

ft;  o^    Spq'q       «        u                 .    ^       Sq 

§  .rig :2-8^tf  cd*:   f2 -:  :~ -:3 ':£  :  fra  I  g ': 

8  *W*Hs"Aa  »wtfll|wft 

>  ^88Bi1S|s^i  i  1  Hisses lalllls 

*       

hn  (o*  m*o  c^oo  cr>  o  m  n 


EJECTED   MINISTERS   OTHERWISE  CONNECTED.  n 


o 

5 


en    - 


^      m     M 


£    8  fl  vS 


XI     Pi 


en 


00    ^ 


in 


m 

in 


CO 

y 

to  2 


M       « 


(d     I)   5 


:    2 


o 

S 

C3       f? 


I? 


1  2 

«  o 

1    rt  I 

>    T3  05 


&    cu     o 
r0     en     en 

>  1  !s 


I5" 

l-l 

fcs 

fl 

O     bQ 


«  o 

»Q  U 

S  -a 

<o  o 


_i  a  s  a  > 


*. 


Q 
N 

o 

o 

ft! 

O 
CO 

I 
s 

| 

e, 

ST 


O    |2 

O  O 


li 

Q  O 


22) 

O 

U 


0>      CD     ^ 


cnu<U4><ua}cucu     <u 


m 

a" 


:    :    :  < 

PQ 


K       CD       CD      * 
CD 


.3    a 

s  a  ^ 


•2.  5 


<    < 


cu 


q    3    -m 


8  ^  'g  1   S32   § 
«  «T  o   fe   fl   r  3   5 

§  1 1  |a  1 1 9 

ii?>~.q'S<u^o 


m     tN     ro    ^-    >ri  VO     N  00     G\    o      w 


12     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


I. 

MINISTERS    EJECTED    IN    YORKSHIRE. 

i.  AMGILL,  Christopher  (died   about    1662),   ejected  1660 
from  the  Rectory  of  Treeton,  four  miles  from  Rotherham. 

He  followed  Sherland  Adams,  a  sequestered  royalist, 
of  whom  an  account  is  given  in  Hunter's  Hallamshire. 
It  is  stated  in  the  Parliamentary  Survey  (1650)  that  "  Mr. 
Sherland  Adams,  the  late  parson,  was  cast  out  for 
delinquency,  and  allowed  £7  per  annum.  Mr.  Amgill  is 
rector,  an  able,  preaching  minister."  He  signed  the 
Vindiciae  Veritatis,  or  West  Riding  Ministers'  Attestation 
in  favour  of  a  Presbyterian  organization  of  the  National 
Church,  1648 ;  also  a  Memorial,  objecting  to  the  Engage- 
ment, December  17th, 1649;  and  continued  at  Treeton  until 
the  Restoration,  when  he  gave  place  to  the  former  rector. 
He  was  a  man  of  good  abilities  and  likely  to  be  very 
useful,  but  died  "  beyond  sea"  soon  after  his  ejection. 

[A  Chr.  Amgill  was  at   Cherry  Burton  in  1661 ;  see 

MlCKLETHWAITE.] 

ANISBETT,  Phillip  (see  Nesbitt). 

2.  ARLUSH,  Stephen,   M.A.   (1623- 1682),  ejected  from  the 
Vicarage  of  Ho wden,  in  the  East  Riding. 

He  belonged  to  a  family  which  had  long  dwelt  in  the 
old  Hall,  still  standing  at  the  west  end  of  the  village  of 
Knedlington,  near  Howden,  where  he  was  born.  He  was 
educated  at  Peter  House,  Cambridge,  and  married  at 
Holy  Trinity  Church,  Hull ;  the  Register  of  which  has 
the  following  entry  :  "  1656,  October  21.  Steven  Arlush, 
minister  of  God's  Word  at  Cawood,  and  Rebecca  Taylor, 
living  with  Mr.  Robert  Moore,  merchant."  It  thus 
appears  that   he   was  at   one  time  at  Cawood    (before 


MINISTERS   EJECTED   IN    YORKSHIRE.  13 

Robert  Sherborne,  who  was  ejected  there).  On  the 
death  of  John  Thompson  (approved  by  the  Westminster 
Assembly  of  Divines,  May  6th,  1645,  and  buried  at 
Howden,  April  5th,  1659)  Arlush  was  presented  by  Richard 
Cromwell,  in  the  following  form  : 

"  RICHARD,  Lord  Protector  of  the  Commonwealth  of  England, 
Scotland  and  Ireland  and  the  dominions  and  territories  thereunto 
belonging,  to  the  Commissioners  authorised  by  the  Ordinance  for 
the  Approbation  of  Public  Preachers  or  any  five  of  them  Greeting. 
We  present  Mr.  Stephen  Arlush  to  the  Vicarage  of  Howden  in  our 
county  of  Yorke,  void  by  the  death  of  the  last  incumbent  and  to  my 
presentation  belonging,  to  the  end  he  may  be  approved  by  them, 
and  admitted  thereunto,  with  all  rights,  members  and  appurtenances 
whatsoever,  according  to  the  tenor  of  the  aforesaid  Ordinance. 

"  Given  at  Whitehall  the  28th  day  of  April  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
1659."     (Lambeth  MSS.  Presentations.) 

He  was  accordingly  admitted  May  6th,  on  the  certificate 
of  Edward  Bowles,  of  York,  Elias  Pawson,  of  Ryther,  and 
Gilbert  Thomas,  of  Stillingfleet. 

Unable  to  comply  with  the  terms  of  the  Act  of 
Uniformity  he  was  ejected  in  1662,  and  in  the  following 
year  Thomas  Picard,  curate,  is  mentioned  in  the  Register 
as  "  successor  of  S.  A."  Nathaniel  Jackson,  who  had 
formerly  been  rector  of  Stonegrave,  and  who  died  at  York 
in  November,  1662,  left  to  Stephen  Arlush,  of  Knedling- 
ton,  clerk,  Thomas  Waite,  of  Wetwange,  and  John 
Denton,  of  Oswaldkirk,  £20  per  annum  for  pious  uses. 
It  is  said  that  after  his  ejection  he  commenced  preaching 
privately  in  Howden.  He  spent  the  latter  part  of  his 
life  in  York,  where  he  died  in  January,  1681-2,  and  was 
buried  at  Howden.  He  was  a  man  of  singular  abilities, 
an  excellent  preacher,  and  of  a  very  public  spirit ;  he  had 
a  good  estate  and  did  good  to  many  with  it. 

One  of  the  same  name,  perhaps  his  nephew,  was 
lecturer  at  the  Parish  Church  in  1670.  There  are  two 
slabs  in  the  floor  of  the  transept :  one  in  memory  of 
Nicholas  Arlush  (April,  1673)  legis  procurator  integerrimus 
iusttis  et  aequi  tenacissimus ;  the  other  of  Stephen  Arlush 
in  hac  ecclesia  conscionator  optimus.  On  visiting  Howden 
in    1691,  Thoresby  found    "  no   inscriptions    save   two 


14     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

moderns,  for  Mr.  Arlush  and  Mr.  Roote."  The  last- 
named  was  Timothy  Roote  (son  of  Henry  Roote,  of 
Sowerby),  who  was  ejected  at  Sowerby  Bridge,  and  after 
suffering  much  for  his  principles  conformed  and  obtained 
the  living  of  Howden,  where  he  died  soon  afterwards 
(1687). 

Under  the  Toleration  Act  a  meeting-place  was  built  in 
the  street  leading  to  Booth  Ferry  ;  but  the  records  of  the 
Quarter  Sessions  for  the  East  Riding  at  this  period  are 
lost,  so  that  it  cannot  be  ascertained  at  what  precise  date 
it  was  registered.  John  Gould  officiated  therein  from 
1700  to  1715,  and  was  succeeded  by  James  Mallinson, 
whose  congregation  numbered  100  persons. 

3.  ARMITAGE,     Robert     (1611-1689),    ejected    from    the 
Chapelry  of  Holbeck,  near  Leeds. 

He  was  appointed  curate  at  this  ancient  chapel  in 
1637,  and  became  chaplain  in  the  Parliamentary  army. 
He  was  vicar  of  Rothwell  in  1650  (where  he  is  said  by 
Walker  to  have  succeeded  Mr.  Key),  "a  preaching 
minister  and  of  good  conversation "  (Pari.  Sur.) ;  and 
signed  in  1658,  as  minister  of  Holbeck,  a  certificate  to 
Jeremiah  Milner,  on  his  presentation  by  Dame  Mary 
Armine,  the  patroness  of  Rothwell,* 

After  his  ejection  in  1662  he  lived  privately  at  Holbeck  ; 
was  much  troubled  on  account  of  his  supposed  implica- 
tion in  the  Farnley  Wood  Plot  (1663) ;  on  the  passing  of 
the  Five  Mile  Act  (1665)  retired  to  some  obscure  place 
near  Halifax.  Though  some  watched  for  an  advantage 
against  him,  says  Calamy,  he  was  never  imprisoned. 
Under  the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  (1672)  returned  to 

*  Lady  Mary  Armine  (1594-1674)  was  daughter  of  Henry  Talbot  (fourth 
son  of  George,  Earl  of  Shrewsbury),  from  whom  she  inherited  Monk 
Breton  Priory  ;  and  widow  of  Sir  William  Armine,  Bart.,  a  Parliament- 
arian, who  died  in  1657.  She  was  remarkable  for  her  beauty  and 
accomplishments,  her  piety  and  beneficence.  In  1654  s^e  founded  aim- 
houses  at  Monk  Breton ;  in  1662  gave  £500  to  Nonconformist  ministers ; 
and  by  her  will  left  a  rent  charge  of  £44  per  annum  for  ninety-nine  years 
for  their  benefit,  to  be  employed  in  Derby,  Huntingdonshire  and 
Yorkshire. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN    YORKSHIRE.  i5 


Holbeck,  where  he  had  licence  for  a  Presbyterian  meeting 
at  Lillbury  House,  and  died  April  20th,  1689,  a  Memorial 
Tablet  of  him  being  placed  in  the  old  chapel.  He  was  a 
pious  man,  and  a  plain,  useful  preacher ;  a  man  of  spirit, 
yet  sober,  solid  and  peaceable,  of  great  zeal  for  God  and 
against  sin  ;  so  far  was  he  from  a  party  spirit,  that  it  was 
never  known  whether  he  was  Presbyterian,  Congrega- 
tional or  Episcoplian. 

4.  ASHLEY,  William, 

Is  mentioned  by  Calamy  as  silenced  at  Rastrick,  a 
chapelry  of  Halifax,  where,  however,  he  was  not  in 
charge  (see  Acct.,  p.  818,  Cont.,  p.  569).  But  there  is 
no  trace  of  such  a  person ;  and  the  name  of  Ashley  is 
often  confused  with  that  of  Astley  (see  Astley,  Richard). 
Heywood  mentioned  a  John  Robinson  as  silenced  at 
Rastrick. 

5.  ATKINSON. 

Calamy  (Cont.,  p.  1,005)  savs  that  he  was  ejected  at 
Leeds  Grammar  School. 

6.  AWKLAND  (or  Oakland). 

A  Nonconformist  minister  of  this  name,  a  native  of 
Leeds,  is  mentioned  by  Christopher  Nesse  and  Oliver 
Heywood  as  having  been  sent  to  York  Castle  for  preach- 
ing, and  as  dying  there  of  fever  in  April,  1675.  He  was 
probably  John  Aukland,  who  had  an  augmentation  of  £60 
as  minister  at  Letwell  (Laughton)  in  1658  (December 
17th). 

7.  BARNES,   David,  ejected  in   1660  from  the   Rectory  of 

Birkin-on-Aire,  two  miles  from  Pontefract. 

In  1648  he  signed  the  West  Riding  Ministers'  Attesta- 
tion, as  "  Minister  of  the  Gospel  at  Brotherton,"  a 
neighbouring  parish.  It  is  stated  in  the  Parliamentary 
Survey  (1650)  that  "  Mr.  Everingham  Cressy  is  rector  of 
Birkin-on-Aire,  David  Barnes  is  his  curate,  a  painful 
(painstaking)  minister  "  ;  at  this  time  "  Edmund  Brooke, 


16     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

a  constant  preaching  minister,"  was  at  Brotherton. 
Walker  says  that  the  predecessor  of  Barnes  at  Birkin, 
Mr.  Thornton  (Robert  Thornton,  M.A.),  was  plundered 
and  imprisoned  at  Cawood  Castle,  survived  the  Restora- 
tion, and  repossessed  the  living. 

8.  BAYOCK,  James  (c.  1645-1737),  is  said  by  Calamy  to 
have  been  silenced  at  South  Cave,  nine  miles  west  of 
Hull. 

According  to  Torre,  John  Seaman,  M.A.,  was  instituted 
to  this  vicarage  in  1638,  and  succeeded,  April  27th,  1662, 
by  Richard  Remington.  "  Mr.  Bayock,"  it  is  said,  "  had 
a  University  education,  but  was  only  an  occasional 
preacher  when  the  Act  of  Uniformity  took  place,  and  not 
fixed  in  any  living;  but  joined  with  the  Nonconformists, 
and  was  for  many  years  a  preacher  at  South  Cave,  and 
trained  several  for  the  Ministry."  But  the  earlier  part 
of  this  statement  is  manifestly  incorrect;  for  in  his  will, 
dated  March  12th,  1732,  he  says  that  he  had  been  preach- 
ing the  Gospel  for  more  than  forty  years,  which  would 
make  the  commencement  of  his  preaching  to  be  about 
1690 ;  so  that  he  could  not  have  been  silenced  in  1662. 
Moreover,  he  would  have  been  too  young  to  be  preaching 
at  this  date ;  for  he  was  buried  September  29th,  1737, 
11  being  above  90  years  of  age,  and  supposed  to  be  the 
oldest  minister  in  England"*  (Northowram  Register). 
He  might,  however,  have  been  a  student  at  one  of 
the  Universities,  aet.  17.  He  probably  first  taught  a 
school,  and  about  1690  began  preaching  as  a  Noncon- 
formist. He  appears  to  have  purchased  an  old  tithe  barn 
and  converted  it  into  a  meeting-house.  In  1702  he 
conveyed  to  Trustees  a  house  and  piece  of  ground  in  St. 
Katherine's  Yard,  near  his  chapel,  for  the  purpose  of 
erecting  a  stable  thereon ;  doubtless  for  the  accommoda- 
tion of  horses  and  vehicles  belonging  to  members  of  his 

*  Query,  is  90  a  mistake ;  we  find  one  James  Bayock,  son  of 
Thomas  Bayock,  of  York,  barber,  admitted  to  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge,  June  15th,  1667,  aet.  18.  If  this  were  the  man,  he  would  be 
88  in  1737. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN    YORKSHIRE.  17 


congregation,  while  attending  service.  In  17 15  the  con- 
gregation numbered  400.  He  received  aid  from  Lady 
Hewley's  Charity  in  1728  and  1729 ;  and  May  30th,  1730, 
he  put  the  chapel  and  premises  in  trust  "  to  be  used  and 
employed  as  a  Chapel  or  Meeting  House  for  religious 
worship  for  such  persons  as  are  or  shall  be  known  or 
distinguished  most  commonly  by  the  name  of  Presby- 
terians." "God  knows,"  he  says  in  his  will  before 
mentioned,  "  I  never  sought  riches  by  being  a  Noncon- 
formist ;  but  exposed  myself  to  poverty  and  persecution, 
as  many  others  have  done."  His  remains  were  interred 
behind  the  chapel  or  in  the  orchard  thereto  adjoining. 
He  was  succeeded  by  Thomas  Hickington  and  others ; 
and  the  present  chapel  was  erected  on  or  near  the  site  of 
the  old  building  in  1873. 

In  1710  a  house  of  John  Chappel  was  certified  at  the 
Quarter  Sessions  for  Protestant  Dissenters;  also  the 
house  of  Matthew  Eppington ;  and  in  1716  the  house  of 
Robert  Langhorne.  In  the  Register  of  the  Archbishop 
of  York  we  find  :  "  Ordered  that  a  house  at  South  Cave, 
standing  on  a  piece  of  ground  called  Catherine's  Close,  be 
licensed  for  a  meeting-house  for  Protestant  Dissenters," 
April  22nd,  1718. 

9.  BENTLEY,   Eli,   M.A.    (1630-1675),   ejected    from   the 
Vicarage  of  Halifax  in  1660. 

He  was  son  of  Richard  Bentley,  of  Sowerby  Dene 
in  the  parish  of  Halifax,  and  born  at  a  house  called 
Bentley  Hollins,  in  Sowerby  ;  educated  at  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge  (where  Oliver  Heywood  was  a  fellow  student) ; 
B.A.  1650,  M.A.  1654,  and  Fellow  of  Trinity.  He 
returned  to  Halifax  June  13th,  1652,  as  assistant  to 
Robert  Booth,  who  had  been  appointed  vicar  (June  25th, 
1648)  after  the  sequestration  of  Dr.  Marsh,  a  royalist 
delinquent.  A  certificate  of  his  ordination  in  connection 
with  the  Manchester  Classis  was  signed  June  15th,  1653. 
He  succeeded  Booth  at  his  death  in  1657. 

At  the  Restoration  he  gave  place  to  the  restored  incum- 
bent. On  the  passing  of  the  Five  Mile  Act  he  went  to 
c 


1 8     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARL  Y  NONCONFORMITY. 

reside  at  Bingley  (1666) ;  under  the  Declaration  of 
Indulgence  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian  to  preach  in  the 
house  of  Timothy  Behtley  (his  brother)  at  Halifax ; 
preached  a  weekly  lecture  alternately  with  Heywood  and 
Joseph  Dawson  at  the  meeting-house  at  Sbwerby  erected 
by  Squire  Horton* ;  often  joined  Heywood  in  holding 
private  fasts,  etc.,  in  various  places,  but  was  deemed  by 
him  to  be  not  very  zealous  in  opening  new  meetings, 
saying  "people  will  be  tired  out  with  preaching  and  it 
gives  offence  to  adversaries."  (Diar.  III.  132.)  He  con- 
tinued his  services  without  much  interference  until  his 
death,  which  took  place  July  30th,  1675,  in  the  forty-fifth 
year  of  his  age.  His  remains  were  interred  in  the  south 
chapel  of  the  Parish  Church,  where  a  gravestone  was 
laid  with  an  inscription  to  this  effect :  He  was  a  man  of 
good  abilities,  of  very  humble  behaviour,  a  solid,  serious 
preacher,  very  useful  in  his  place  and  much  respected. 
He  lived  desired  and  died  lamented.  On  his  death-bed  he 
remarked  to  a  particular  friend  :  "  God  will  take  a  course 
with  those  unreasonable  men  that  require  such  terms  of 
communion  as  a  man  cannot  with  a  safe  conscience 
subscribe  to." 

After  his  death  some  of  his  hearers  met  at  Bank-top 
and  elsewhere,  and  after  the  Act  of  Toleration  built  a 
chapel  at  Northgate-end,  1696. 

10.  BENTON,  William  (1646-1688),  ejected  from  the  Rectory 
of  Thurnscoe,  seven  miles  from  Doncaster. 

He  was  born  at  Whisket  Hill,  near  Atherton  (Moor), 
in  the  parish  of  Birstall,  Yorks. ;  admitted  to  Brazenose 
College,  Oxford  (as  Bentom)  in  1654 ;  and  to  the  rectory 
of  Thurnscoe,  by  the  presentation  of  Oliver  Cromwell, 
Protector,  June  16th,  1658,  on  the  certificate  of  Thomas 
Birkbeck,  of  Arkworth,  Stephen  Charman,  of  Hemsworth, 
and  Henry  Tempest.  There  was  previously  at  Thurnscoe 
(1650)  a  "  Mr.  Tim.  Home,  a  preaching  minister " 
(Pari.  Sur.) ;  and  Walker  mentions  a  Mr.  Bell  as  a  sufferer 


»  Heywood  heard  him  preach  at  his  meeting,  March  12th,  1673. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  19 


there — probably,  says  Hunter,  Edward  Bell,  who  is 
referred  to  in  Thurloe's  State  Papers  in  connection  with 
an  intended  Royalist  rising  in  1653. 

After  his  ejection  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity  Mr.  Benton 
took  a  farm  for  the  support  of  his  family,  and  afterwards 
followed  the  malt  trade.  Under  the  Declaration  of  Indul- 
gence he  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian  to  preach  at  his  own 
house  at  Thurnscoe  (June  10th,  1672).  William  Aspinwall, 
B.A.,  ejected  at  Mattersey,  Notts.,  also  occupied  a  farm 
at  Thurnscoe;  Mark  Trickett,  ejected  at  Gate  Burton, 
Lines.,  resided  with  him ;  and  Jonathan  Grant,  ejected 
at  Flexborough,  Lines.,  had  licence  for  his  own  house  as 
a  Presbyterian  at  Thurnscoe  Grange.  Benton  subse- 
quently lived  at  Barnsley,  where  he  was  visited  by  Oliver 
Heywood  (April  23rd,  1679) ;  was  prosecuted  under  the 
Conventicle  Act  in  1682  (Diar.  II.  293) ;  and  died  August 
22nd,  1688,  aged  42.  He  was  a  man  of  ability  and 
courage,  and  by  his  affability  and  cheerfulness  main- 
tained good  relations  with  the  neighbouring  gentry, 
whereby  he  was  kept  much  out  of  trouble  ;  but  he  had 
not  the  same  opportunities  of  preaching  as  many  of  his 
brethren. 

11.  BIRKBECK  (or  Birbeck),  Thomas  (1614-1674),  ejected 
in  1660  from  the  Rectory  oiAckwovth,  near  Pontefract. 

He  was  son  of  Edward  Birkbeck,  B.D.,  rector  of 
Staveley,  Derbyshire,  chaplain  to  Lord  Darcy  of  Aston. 
He  was  born  at  Staveley;  appointed  assistant  at  the 
Parish  Church  of  Sheffield  in  1635,  and  vicar  in  1644 
instead  of  Edward  Browne*,  a  royalist  displaced  on 
the  surrender  of  the  garrison  to  the  Parliamentarians  ; 
instituted  at  Ackworth,  May  26th,  1646  (Lords'  Journals), 
on  the  sequestration  from  Ashworth  and  Castleford  of 

*  Edward  Browne  was  inducted  March  23rd,  1644,  witnessed  by 
Thomas  Barney  (assistant),  vicar  in  July  but  displaced  in  August;  on 
the  nonsubscription  of  James  Fisher  he  returned,  but  ceded  the  living 
before  October  30th,  and  was  appointed  by  the  Crown  to  Croftpn,  near 
Wakefield,  whence  Edward  Hill  was  ejected. 


V 


20     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Dr.  Thomas  Bradley*;  signed  the  West  Riding 
Minister's  Attestation  in  1648,  and  a  Memorial  of 
Objections  to  the  Engagement  in  1649  ;  also  a  certificate 
to  William  Benton,  of  Thurnscoe,  in  1659. 

He  was  ejected  in  order  to  allow  of  the  restoration  ot 
Dr.  Bradley  in  1660,  returned  to  Sheffield  and  resided 
among  his  old  friends.  He  had  licence  under  the 
Declaration  of  Indulgence  to  preach  in  his  own  house  as 
a  Presbyterian ;  subscribed  along  with  Edward  Prime 
and  John  Wood  a  certificate  of  the  ordination  of  Noah 
Ward  (of  York)  at  Sheffield;  and  died  July  8th,  1674, 
when  his  remains  were  interred  in  the  Parish  Church- 
yard, where  Durant  (1678),  Taylor  (1680),  Hancock 
(1684),  Baxter  (1697)  and  Prime  (1708)  were  subse- 
quently laid.  He  was  a  very  worthy  divine  and  a  solid 
substantial  preacher  ;  one  of  a  cheerful  spirit,  but  much 
afflicted  with  the  stone;  and  did  much  good.  His  wife 
had  a  good  fortune ;  she  was  the  sister  of  James 
Creswick,  ejected  at  Freshwater  in  the  Isle  of  Wight, 
a  native  of  Sheffield ;  who  after  his  ejection  purchased 
the  manor  of  Beage  Hall,  near  Ferribridge,  and  six  miles 
from  Doncaster,  where  he  lived  and  died.  [A  Peter 
Burbeck  was  a  preaching  minister  at  Ledsam,  near 
Selby,  in  1650;  and  a  Christopher  Birbeck,  surgeon, 
died  at  York  in  1717.] 

12.  BLOOM,  Matthew  (1640-1686),  ejected  from  the  Parish 
Church,  Sheffield. 

He  was  born  at  Brotherton,  near  Ferribridge ; 
educated  at  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge;  appointed 
(1653)  curate  at  Atterclifie  (where  Stanley  Gower  and 
William  Bagshaw,  notable  Puritan  ministers,  had  pre- 
ceded him) ;  and  assistant  to  James  Fisher,  the  vicar 
(1655),  along  with  Edward  Prime  and  Rowland  Hancock. 

*  Walker  has  an  account  of  Dr.  Bradley ;  and  Thoresby  says  of  his 
wife  (Frances,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Savile,  of  Howley  Hall),  that  u  she 
constantly  wore  a  veil  day  and  night,  having  made  a  vow  no  English- 
man should  see  her  face,  and  according  to  the  strictest  account  I  can 
procure,  she  observed  it  until  within  six  weeks  of  her  death"  (1649). 
(Diar.  I.  153.) 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN    YORKSHIRE. 


After  his  ejection  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity  he  had 
licence  as  a  Presbyterian  to  preach  in  his  own  house 
(November  18th,  1672),  and  also  in  the  house  of  Arthur 
Powell,  Attercliffe  (May  29th).  In  1676  he  united  with 
Rowland  Hancock  in  forming  a  Congregational  Church 
at  Shiercliffe  Hall,  the  residence  of  the  latter,  of  which 
they  were  joint-ministers ;  but  on  a  division  of  the 
congregation  he  preached  to  the  major  portion  thereof 
in  a  meeting-house  at  Attercliffe,  and  "  to  him  was 
owing  the  formation  of  the  old  society  of  Dissenters  in 
that  populous  hamlet "  (Hunter).  He  was  prosecuted 
under  the  Five  Mile  Act  in  1682  and  imprisoned  in  York 
Castle.  In  the  latter  part  of  his  life,  when  persecution 
reached  its  height,  he  carried  on  the  business  of  a 
maltster  for  the  support  of  his  family,  and  died  suddenly 
at  Sir  William  Ellis's  (Bury's,  Cal.,  1st  ed.),  Wyham, 
Lincolnshire. 

"  As  he  was  rising  out  pf  his  bed  he  complained  of 
pain  in  his  arm  ;  and,  growing  sick,  they  were  forced  to 
carry  him  again  to  his  bed,  where  he  was  no  sooner 
laid  than  he  cried,  '  O  what  need  is  there  to  be  always 
ready  for  death,'  and  so  breathed  his  last  April  13th, 
1686,  aged  46."     (Heywood.) 

After  the  death  of  Hancock  and  Bloom  the  congre- 
gation re-united  at  Attercliffe,  and  had  the  services  of 
Prime  and  Baxter,  and  of  students  from  Timothy  Jolly's 
Academy  at  Attercliffe  Hall ;  but  was  ultimately  dissolved 
(1750). 

13.  BLUNT  (or  Blount),  John,  B.A.,  ejected  from  Hollym 
with  Withemsea  (Hilston  Rectory),  in  Holderness. 

He  matriculated  at  St.  John's  College,  Oxford, 
February  20th,  1649 ;  and  was  admitted  to  the  vicarage 
on  the  presentation  of  Oliver  Cromwell,  Protector,  July 
16th,  1658;  the  certificate  being  signed  by  Anthony 
Stevenson,  of  Roos,  Samuel  Proud,  of  Patrington,  Caleb 
Wilkinson,  of  Hutton  Bushell,  Francis  Proud,  of  Hack- 
ness,  and  Peter  Clarke,  of  Kirby  Overblow.     The  living 


22     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

was    vacated    in    1650    "  pro    defect    of    subscribing." 
(Poulson's  "  Holderness.") 

["  In  1663,  as  Mr.  Lathley  was  setting  out  to  preach 
at  Kilnsea  a  certain  Johnson,  who  doubtless  belonged  to 
the  sect  of  the  Quakers,  called  out  to  him  many  times, 
*  Harry,  art  thou  going  to  Kilnsea  to  tell  lies,  as  thou 
hast  done  at  Hollym.  Repent,  repent;  the  calamities 
draw  near.'  This  same  Johnson  seized  hold  of  one 
John  Thompson  at  Hollym,  'gripte  him  and  shakte  him 
and  tould  him  tythes  should  quickly  be  put  downe,  and 
if  the  Lord  would  put  a  sword  in  his  hand  wee  should 
see  they  would  fight  the  Lord's  battle.'  "] 

14.  BOOKER  (or  Bowker),  James. 

"  Mr.  Booker  (curate  at  Sowerby),  long  time  Non- 
conformist, lived  at  Blackley,  in  Lancashire,  alas !  is 
too  conformable  in  tippling  and  profane  courses,  as  I 
am  credibly  informed,  and  is  quite  fallen  off  from 
preaching."     (Heywood  :  Diar.  IV.  322.) 

He  was  curate  of  Sowerby  in  1672  (succeeded  by  Mr. 
Etherington,  of  Morley,  who  stood  out  a  little  while  and 
then  conformed). 

1673  Mr.  Joshua  Horton,  who  attended  public  ordi- 
nances at  Sowerby  Chapel,  gave  Mr.  Booker  minister 
there  £8  per  annum.     (Heywood  :  Diar.  I.  348.) 

Writing  in  1676  Heywood  says :  "  No  minister  at 
Sowerby  since  Mr.  Bowker." 

It  is  added  in  "  Our  Local  Portfolio,"  Halifax,  "  Mr. 
Bairstow  had  been  preacher  at  Lightcliffe,  and  his  and 
Mr.  Sutcliffe's  flight  was  pardonable  compared  with  the 
exit  of  Mr.  Bowker,  of  Sowerby,  who  had  been  banished 
for  criminal  conversation  with  a  daughter  of  Mr.  Farrer, 
of  Gatelands  "  (No.  xciii.). 

15.  BOVILL,  Francis  (1625-81),  ejected  from  the  Chapelry 
of  Bramley,  near  Leeds. 

He  was   appointed   minister  here  after  the  death  of 
Mr.  Cudworth,  in  1639. 


MINISTERS   EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  23 

Calamy  mentions  Mr.  Bovill,  of  Bramley,  as  being 
turned  out  and  afterwards  conforming ;  but  subsequently 
says  (Continuation  957),  "  He  was  informed  that  he 
never  conformed."  Palmer,  referring  to  Heywood's 
MSS.,  affirms  that  the  former  statement  was  correct. 

Heywood  states  that  "  Mr.  Bovill,  vicar  of  Rotherham, 
was  buried  April  12,  168 1,  ag.  56."  He  also  says, 
"  Mr.  Moorhouse,  vicar  of  Rotherham,  died  August  5, 
1690;  an  old  man,  had  been  a  Nonconformist  eight 
years  ;  succeeded  Mr.  Bovil."  And  Thoresby  says,  1692, 
January  5th,  that  he  heard  Mr.  Bovil  preach  at  the 
Parish  Church,  Leeds;  and  again,  January,  1695,  that 
he  heard  at  Rotherham  "  Vicar  Bovil,  whose  father 
was  some  time  minister  of  Bramley  in  our  parish " 
Diar.  I.  217).     This  was  John  Bovil,  of  whom  see  below. 

16.  BOVILL,  John  (        -1697),  ejected  from  Monk  Fryston. 

He  was  the  son  of  Francis  Bovill,  sometime  of 
Bramley.  Heywood  notes  his  ejectment  (Diar.  IV.  322). 
Palmer  says  he  lived  two  years  as  a  Nonconformist  at 
Bramley,  then  conformed,  and  was  curate  at  Sowerby 
(1668-70),  and  afterwards  vicar  of  Rotherham.  He 
succeeded  Mr.  Moorhouse  there,  and  died  in  1697. 

17.  BOWLES,  Edward,  M.A.  (1613-1662),  ejected  from  the 

Minster  at  York  in  1660.) 

He  was  son  of  Oliver  Bowles,  B.D.,  rector  of 
Sutton  in  Bedfordshire,  and  member  of  the  Westminster 
Assembly  of  Divines.  Oliver  Bowles  published  "Zeale 
for  God's  House  Quickened :  a  Fast  Sermon  before  the 
Assembly  of  the  Lords,  Commons  and  Divines,"  1643  ; 
and  wrote  "  De  Pastore  Evangelico  Tractatus,"  which, 
Calamy  says,  "  was  not  suffered  to  creep  out  in  the 
time  of  rampant  Episcopacy,  not  for  any  evil  in  it,  but 
because  some  men  do  not  care  to  be  put  upon  too  much 
work."  It  was  published  by  his  son  in  1649  and 
dedicated  to  the  Earl  of  Manchester. 


24     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Edward  Bowies  was  born  at  Sutton  in  February 
1613 ;  educated  at  Catherine  Hall,  Cambridge,  under 
Sibbes  and  Brownrigge ;  and  graduated  M.A.  He 
published,  in  1643,  "  The  Mystery  of  Inequity  yet 
working  in  the  three  Kingdoms."  He  was  at  first 
chaplain  to  the  Earl  of  Manchester,  and  afterwards  to 
the  forces  under  Lord  Fairfax."  "  He  it  was  who  broke 
open  the  King's  cabinet  after  the  battle  of  Naseby,  and 
took  out  of  it  the  letters  which  he  sent  to  Parliament ; 
£200  was  voted  to  him  for  this  service,  which  he  laid 
out  in  a  piece  of  plate  on  which  he  had  engraven 
'  Remember  Naseby.'  "     (Hunter's  MSS.*) 

In  April,  1644,  as  many  as  twenty-four  churches  in  the 
city  of  York  were  pastorless  ;  the  vacancies  not  having 
been  filled  that  parishes  might  be  united. 

After  the  surrender  of  the  city,  July  15th,  1644,  Bowles 
was  appointed  by  Parliament  one  of  four  ministers 
at  York  Minster,  approved  by  the  Assembly  of  Divines, 
and  paid  out  of  the  Revenues  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter ; 
the  other  three  being  Thomas  Calvert,  M.A.  (vicar  of 
Holy  Trinity,  King's  Court,  since  1638),  Nathaniel 
Rathband,  M.A.  (curate  of  Sowerby,  approved  by  the 
Assembly  of  Divines  in  1645),  and  Theodore  Herring : 
(afterwards  Peter  Williams  in  the  place  of  Rathband, 
and  Richard  Perrot,  B.D.,  in  the  place  of  Herring.)t 
The  plan  was  (the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  and  Choral 
Service  being  set  aside)  for  two  of  them  to  preach  at 
the  Minster  and  two  of  them  at  All-Hallows  on  the 
Pavement  alternately,  and  administer  the  Lord's  Supper 
monthly  at  one  of  these  places.  J  "  Mr.  Bowles  kept  a 
lecture  every  Tuesday  in  the  morning  at  St.  Peter's, 
and  in  that  lecture  went  through  the  whole  Epistle  to 

*This  I  found  in  a  manuscript  memorial  of  one  Peter  Massey,  of  York, 
gentleman,  sent  to  Charles  II.,  in  which  he  spoke  of  the  zealous 
Parliamentarians  in  York.  I  saw  it  in  a  collection  of  letters  of  the 
period  belonging  to  the  Ormund  family,  in  the  library  of  Dr.  Philip 
Bliss,  June  3rd,  1850. 

t  A  tax  was  laid  on  the  city  for  their  support  (Canon  Raine). 

J  An  ordinance  of  Feb.  27th,  1643,  authorised  Lord  Fairfax  to  supply 
the  vacant  pulpits  in  Yorks  (Neal,  II.  75)- 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  25 

the  Romans.  He  preached  his  course  at  the  Minster 
on  the  Wednesday  lecture;  and  once  a  month  at 
Tadcaster,  where  he  was  often  set  upon  by  the  Quakers. 
He  also  lectured  over  both  the  Epistles  to  the 
Corinthians  and  the  first  of  St.  Peter,  which  were  his 
last  sermons  and  well  worthy  the  light,  but  he  was 
backward  to  print." 

He  published  in  1646  "  Manifest  Truth,"  a  narrative 
of  the  proceedings  of  the  Scotch  army  and  vindication 
of  the  Parliament,  in  reply  to  a  tract  called  "Truths 
Manifest " ;  and  in  1648  "  Good  Counsel  for  Evil 
Times,"  being  a  sermon  on  the  text  Ephesians  v. 
15,  16,  preached  at  St.  Paul's  before  the  Lord  Mayor 
and  Aldermen  of  the  City  of  London.  In  that  year  the 
West  Riding  Ministers'  Attestation  in  favour  of  Presby- 
terianism  was  signed  by  Calvert,  Rathband  and  Herring, 
but  not  by  Bowles,  who,  however,  doubtless  approved 
of  it.  A  meeting  of  Presbyterian  ministers  was  also 
held  in  York  on  the  same  day  (April  6th)  for  dividing 
the  West  Riding  into  ten  Classical  Presbyteries;  but 
that  purpose  was  not  carried  into  full  effect.  An 
augmentation  from  the  sale  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter 
lands  was  paid  to  Mr.  Bowles  and  his  colleagues, 
"ministers  of  the  Cathedral  Church  at  York,  for  9 
months  to  Dec.  5,  1649,  £450 "  (Shaw,  "  History  of 
the  English  Church  "). 

He  was  one  of  the  most  eminent  of  the  Presbyterian 
divines  in  the  north  of  England.  "  He  was  indeed  a 
great  man,  an  excellent  scholar,  and  one  of  more  than 
usual  prudence.  He  had  a  clear  head  and  a  warm 
heart.  His  preaching  was  very  acceptable  not  only  to 
his  friends  and  followers,  but  to  strangers,  even  those 
of  a  contrary  judgment  approved  well  of  it,  so  that  the 
very  sequestered  and  decimated  gentlemen  were  his 
hearers  and  were  sometimes  at  his  house,  where  in  the 
evenings  he  was  wont  to  repeat  his  sermons ;  as  Sir 
Charles  Wyvel,  etc. 

"  Being  a  man  of  very  great  abilities,  and  those 
well    cultivated     with     reading    and     meditation,     he 


26     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

had  a  neat  way  of  expressing  his  mind  briefly 
and  sententiously,  but  yet  with  plainness  and  very 
intelligibly.  He  had  a  clearness  in  his  notions  that 
made  him  utter  them  without  obscurity.  Besides,  he 
did  not  spend  his  time  about  mint  and  cummin,  etc., 
but  with  weightier  things  of  the  law  and  Gospel  which 
have  the  greatest  relish  with  sober  minds.  Several 
volumes  of  his  sermons  have  been  written  from  his 
mouth  and  are  yet  reserved  as  a  treasure  in  York  and 
usefully  read  in  families.  Repentance  and  faith  in 
Christ  and  the  other  invariable  truths  of  Christianity 
were  his  constant  themes.  He  had  also  the  reputation 
of  a  very  prudent  man  in  conversation.  He  was,  indeed, 
something  reserved  to  strangers,  but  open  and  familiar 
with  his  friends.  He  had  a  bias  for  goodness,  and  made 
it  his  endeavour  to  promote  honest  designs  upon  all 
occasions,  so  that  he  had  frequent  access  to  the 
magistrates  of  the  city,  promoting  by  their  means  the 
reformation  of  many  disorders  and  without  being  seen 
in  it  himself;  and,  though  he  lay  hid,  it  was  said  that 
he  was  the  spring  that  moved  all  the  wheels  of  the  city. 
His  prayers  were  of  a  piece  with  his  preaching;  for 
there  were  four  things  he  mostly  prayed  for :  that  there 
might  be  sound  doctrine,  purity  of  worship,  true 
Christian  liberty  and  the  power  of  godliness.  He  was 
also  the  mouthpiece  of  the  rest  when  the  country  and 
city  ministers  had  their  quarterly  meetings. 

"  '  The  glory  of  the  north  parts,  York's  right  eye, 
His  brethren's  right  hand,  one  who  from  on  high 
Was  furnished  with  incomparable  parts 
For  the  instructing  minds  and  warming  hearts.'  "  * 

For  the  space  of  fifteen  years  he  held  a  commanding 
position  in  York,  and  was  in  labours  abundant.  In  1654 
he  was  appointed  one  of  the  assistant  commissioners  for 
ejecting  ignorant  and  scandalous  ministers  in  the  West 
and    North    Ridings,    and    one   of   the  visitors  of  the 


*  Richard  Stretton,  M.A.,  ejected  at  Petworth,  afterwards  chaplain  to 
Lord  Fairfax  at  Nun-appleton. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  27 


proposed  University  of  Durham,  1657.  He  signed  a  great 
many  certificates  of  approval  of  ministers  presented  to 
parish  livings ;  took  a  prominent  part  in  their  ordina- 
tions, and  witnessed  the  testimonial  of  the  same.  When 
Fox  was  on  his  first  visit  to  Yorkshire  (1651)  he  paid  a 
visit  to  York.  "  Upon  the  first  day  of  the  week 
following,"  he  says,  "  I  was  commanded  of  the  Lord  to 
go  to  the  great  minster  and  speak  to  priest  Bowles  and 
his  hearers  in  their  great  cathedral.  Accordingly,  I 
went,  and  when  the  priest  had  done  I  told  them  I  had 
something  from  the  Lord  God  to  speak  to  the  priest 
and  people.  '  Then  say  on  quickly,'  said  a  professor 
that  was  among  them,  for  it  was  frost  and  snow  and  very 
cold  weather.  Then  I  told  them,  this  was  the  word  of 
the  Lord  God  unto  them,  that  they  lived  in  words ;  but 
God  Almighty  looked  for  fruits  among  them.  As  soon 
as  the  words  were  out  of  my  mouth  they  turned  me  out 
and  threw  me  down  the  steps  ;  but  I  got  up  again 
without  hurt  and  went  to  my  lodgings."  (Journal  I.., 
104.) 

On  February  3rd,  1655,  he  preached  a  sermon  before 
the  Lord  Mayor,  Stephen  Watson,  the  Aldermen  and 
Common  Council  of  the  city,  and  published  it  under  the 
title  of  "  The  Dutie  and  Danger  of  Swearing  Opened  " 
(1655) — indicating  the  lawfulness  of  oaths  against 
Anabaptists  and  Quakers,  and  showing  the  evil  of 
common  swearing,  false  swearing,  unlawful  swearing  and 
the  hasty  taking  of  promissory  oaths.  In  1657  he  wrote 
a  letter  to  Secretary  Thurloe,  concerning  the  observance 
of  Christmas  Day,  which  the  Puritans  condemned  on 
account  of  the  superstitious  and  profane  manner  of  its 
observance ;  in  which  he  said  that  in  order  to  get  infor- 
mation on  "  the  mystery  of  the  good  time  "  he  went  to 
a  public  meeting  place  to  hear  one  Mr.  Geldart  who 
was  to  preach  on  that  day;  where,  instead  of  argu- 
ments, "  I  met  with  anathemas,  he  telling  us  that  he 
doubted  not  to  declare  him  a  schismatic  who  did  not 
observe  Christmas,  and  further  that  he  that  denied  to 
keep  that  day  deserves  not  to  live  another  day,  &c,  &c. 


28     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


The  person  is  inconsiderable  for  learning  or  life  but 
serves  to  uphold  *  the  enmity  between  the  sects.'  I 
have  long  desired  and  studied  a  way  of  his  removal 
(knowing  him  to  be  incapable  of  doing  much  good  in  his 
place),  but  know  not  well  how  to  accomplish  it,  save  by 
a  trial  of  his  sufficiency,  which  is  doubtful,  for  the  office ; 
which  if  it  fall  not  out  will  make  the  business  worse, 
&c.,  &c."     York,  December  29th,  1657.*     (Kenrick.) 

Previous  to  this  time,  Mr.  Bowles  was  visiting  Sir 
Harry  Vane,  the  Independent  ;  at  his  taking  leave  Sir 
Harry  followed  him  with  a  candle  in  his  hand  to  the 
head  of  the  staircase,  and  Mr.  Bowles  desired  him  not  to 
give  himself  that  trouble.  "No,"  said  Sir  Harry,  "I 
will  see  you  down."  "  Indeed,  Sir  Harry,"  said  Mr. 
Bowles,  "  I  believe  you  would  see  us  down,"  merrily 
intending  that  if  Sir  Harry  might  hold  the  candle  all 
ordinances  and  forms  of  worship  should  go  down  with  it. 
(Ambrose  Barnes.) 

In  common  with  most  of  the  Presbyterians  he  was 
desirous  of  the  Restoration  of  Charles  II.,  expecting  the 
settlement  of  the  National  Church  on  a  Presbyterian  or 
modified  Episcopal  plan  ;  and  being  on  intimate  terms 
with  Lord  Fairfax  he  entered  into  negotiations  with 
General  Monk  in  Scotland,  which  resulted  in  the 
General's  marching  into  England  without  opposition. 
Lambert  marched  to  oppose  him,  but  his  forces  melted 
away  in  the  presence  of  Fairfax  at  Marston  Moor 
(January  3rd),  where  the  first  great  victory  of  the  Parlia- 
ment was  achieved.  It  was  essential  that  Monk  on  his 
march  should  obtain  admission  into  York,  and  to  this 
Mr.  Bowles'  influence  with  the  magistrates  and  citizens 
greatly  contributed.  "  As  to  this  whole  business,  it  is 
well  known,"  says  Calamy,  "that  he  had  a  considerable 
hand  in  the  management  of  it."  Monk  came  into  York 
January  nth,  1660,  at  the  head  of  his  army,  "riding  on 
a  gallant  white  horse  betwixt  two  Presbyterian  teachers, 

*John  Geldart,  who  was  minister  at  Holy  Trinity,  Goodramgate,  in 
1650  (Pari.  Sur.),  and  signed  a  certificate,  with  Bowles,  Calvert  and 
Williams  in  1659. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  29 


to  whom  he  seemed  to  pay  great  regard."  (Drake's 
"  Eboracum  ".)*  One  of  these  teachers  was  Mr.  Bowles, 
who  preached  to  the  officers  in  the  Minster  on  the 
following  Sunday.  Monk  stayed  five  days,  during  which 
Mr.  Bowles  had  frequent  interviews  with  him.  The 
intercourse  between  him  and  the  General  was  very  con- 
fidential. One  day  they  dined  together  in  the  General's 
own  chamber,  while  the  principal  officers  and  others 
were  entertained  at  the  public  table  by  his  chaplain,  Dr. 
Price. 

In  the  night  of  the  day  on  which  Fairfax  and  the 
General  dined  privately  together  Mr.  Bowles  was  sent 
for  by  his  lordship  to  confer  with  the  General,  and  they 
were  in  close  conversation  till  after  midnight.  For 
about  that  time  Dr.  Price  entering  the  chamber  to  go  to 
prayer  as  usual  found  him  and  Bowles  in  very  private 
conversation,  the  General  ordering  him  to  go  out,  but 
not  to  bed.  After  Mr.  Bowles  was  gone  he  called  the 
Doctor  to  him,  commanding  his  servant  to  stay  behind. 
He  took  him  close  to  him  and  said,  "  What  do  you 
think  ?  Mr.  Bowles  has  pressed  me  very  hard  to  stay 
and  declare  for  the  King,  assuring  me  that  I  shall  have 
very  great  assistance."  Lord  Fairfax  was  at  this  time 
ill  of  the  gout  at  Nunappleton  where  Monk  visited  him, 
and  according  to  Brian  Fairfax,  was  told  by  him  that 
there  was  no  peace  nor  settlement  to  be  expected  in 
England  but  by  a  Free  Parliament,  and  upon  the  old 
foundation  of  Monarchy.  This  went  beyond  the  address 
of  the  county  of  York,  which  was  only  for  a  Free  Parlia- 
ment. A  little  later  Mr.  Bowles,  Dr.  Manton,  Dr. 
Calamy  and  others  accompanied  Fairfax  to  Breda,  as 
one  of  the  Commissioners  to  invite  the  King  back.f 

But  the  effect  of  the  Restoration  was  the  reverse  ot 
what  had  been  anticipated  by  Mr.  Bowles.     The  "  old 

*  Marches  of  Monk:  Jan.  gth,  Northallerton;  Jan.  10th,  Topcliffe; 
Jan.  nth,  York;  Jan.  15th,  Ferribridge;  Jan.  28th,  St.  Albans  ;  Feb.  3rd 
London.     Clarke  Papers,  Camden  Socy.,  iv.  xxiii. 

f  Drake;  Markham's  "Fairfax";  Fairfax  Correspondence  iv.  169; 
Kenrick;  Neal,  iii.  254. 


3o    YORKSHIRE  P URITA NISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

order"  was  restored  with  no  alteration.  Dr.  Marsh 
took  his  place  as  Dean,  to  which  he  had  been  appointed 
by  Charles  I.,  on  the  death  of  Dr.  Scott  in  1646  ;  and 
the  Choral  Service  at  the  Minster  was  renewed.  Mr. 
Bowles  was  removed  from  his  post,  being  content  to 
suffer  with  his  brethren,  and  determined  to  adhere  to 
his  old  principles,  whoever  veered  with  the  wind  and 
turned  with  the  tide.  Yet  he  still  took  his  turn  at  the 
Wednesday  lecture,  preached  at  All  Hallows  and  after- 
wards at  St.  Martin's.  "  Well,  brother  H.,"  said  he,  in 
a  facetious  mood,  to  a  conforming  friend  whom  he 
accidentally  met,  "  How  like  you  the  Common  Prayer  ?  " 
"Truly,"  said  he  "it  is  but  dry  stuff."  "I  always 
thought  so,"  said  Bowles,  "  and  I  suppose  that  may  be 
the  reason  why  our  vicars-choral  run  to  the  alehouse  as 
soon  as  they  have  done  reading  it !  " 

In  April,  1661,  he  was  nominated  by  many  of  the 
citizens  of  Leeds  as  vicar  in  the  place  of  the  old  Puritan 
royalist,  William  Styles,  recently  deceased.  "  The  in- 
genious Mr.  R.  Thoresby  (to  whom  I  acknowledge  myself 
indebted  for  this  and  other  material  hints)  hath  in  his 
collection  of  MSS.  some  sheets  of  original  subscriptions 
of  the  inhabitants  of  that  town  and  parish,  and  a  tran- 
script of  the  magistrates'  letter  to  the  king  and  council 
concerning  his  election,  &c,  but  through  the  favour  of 
the  times  Dr.  John  Lake  (afterwards  Bishop  of  Chichester 
and  one  of  the  famous  seven)  was  instituted  into  that 
vicarage."  [Calamy.]  Such  was  the  strength  of  popular 
feeling  in  favour  of  Mr.  Bowles  that  it  is  said  Dr.  Lake 
had  to  be  inducted  to  his  place  with  the  aid  of  a  regiment 
of  soldiers. 

On  February  20th,  1662,  his  wife,  Mrs.  Elizabeth 
Bowles,  died,  She  was  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas  Hutton, 
of  Nether  Poppleton,  near  York,  and  granddaughter  of 
Archbishop  Hutton ;  born  February  17th,  1619,  and 
widow  of  John  Robinson,  of  Deighton,  near  Wetherby; 
and  her  brother,  Richard  Hutton,  of  Poppleton,  married 
a  sister  of  Lord  Fairfax. 

Urgent  efforts,  it   is   said,  were   made  by   Tillotson, 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  31 

Stillingfleet,  and  Wilkins  to  induce  Bowles  to  conform, 
and  the  Deanery  of  York  was  offered  to  him  in  succession 
to  Dr.  Marsh,  now  a  very  old  man ;  but  in  reply  to  their 
solicitations  he  replied,  "  I  can  easily  do  enough  to  lose  my 
friends,  but  I  can  never  do  enough  to  please  my  enemies." 
"  When  Mr.  Bowles  saw  what  impiety  and  sorrow  was 
coming  upon  the  nation,  the  prospect  drove  him  out  of 
London,  and  perhaps  out  of  the  world.  The  last  visit 
he  paid  in  town  was  to  his  old  acquaintance,  the  Duke 
of  Albemarle  (General  Monk).  He  spoke  to  him  to  this 
purpose :  "  My  lord,  I  have  buried  the  good  old  cause, 
and  I  am  now  going  to  bury  myself.  I  never  expect  to 
see  your  grace  more  in  this  world,  and  therefore  must  be 
plain  to  say  that  you  had  greater  opportunities  than  any 
other  person  to  make  the  king  happy  and  the  people 
easy,  and  all  this  you  have  given  up  for  a  feather  in  your 
cap  and  a  little  trifling  honour.  But  the  Lord  says  of 
you  as  He  said  of  Coniah  (Jer.  xxii.  30),  '  Write  this 
man  childless,  a  man  that  shall  not  prosper  in  his  days, 
none  of  his  seed  shall  prosper.'  This  title  will  be 
mentioned  with  a  reproach  to  yourself,  and  after  your 
son  has  had  it  a  little  while  it  will  go  out  in  a  snuff 
[extinct  in  1688] ."  That  day  the  good  man  went  home- 
wards, and  was  met  at  Doncaster  by  several  of  the 
ministers  in  that  county,  and  as  one  of  the  company 
told  me  himself,  he  bewailed  what  he  had  done,  exhorted 
them  to  take  care  that  they  did  not  make  shipwreck  of 
faith,  and  a  little  time  after  died  at  York,*  delivering 
those  words  not  long  before  his  death,  '  Thou  wast  a 
God  that  forgavest  their  iniquities,  though  Thou  tookest 
vengeance  of  their  inventions.'  When  this  passage  was 
told  to  the  Duke  it  gave  him  a  great  commotion,  and  he 
spoke  like  a  person  in  sore  distress,  *  This  was  a  man  of 
God,  and  none  of  his  words  shall  fall  to  the  ground.'  "  f 

*  He  still  resided  in  the  Minster  Yard. 

t  Thomas  Bradbury  Sermon,  preached  May  29th,  1715,  when  the 
kingdom  was  about  to  be  invaded  by  the  Old  Pretender,  afterwards 
printed  under  the  title  of  EtKwv  Bao-iAi/a),  a  Restoration  Sermon ;  text, 
Hos.  vii.  7.     (Appendix,  p.  33.) 


32     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

The  Act  of  Uniformity  received  the  royal  assent 
May  igth,  1662,  and  was  to  come  into  force  on  St. 
Bartholomew's  Day,  August  24th.  As  the  day  approached 
Mr.  Bowles  was  greatly  troubled,  and  became  seriously 
ill.  When  asked  "  what  of  conformity  he  disliked,"  he 
replied  "the  whole";  and  soon  afterwards  died  in  the 
forty-ninth  year  of  his  age.  "  His  mouth  was  opened 
above,"  says  Calamy,  "when  they  were  about  to  shut  it 
here  below."  A  great  concourse  of  people  gathered  to 
hear  his  funeral  sermon,  which  was  preached  by  Mr, 
Hunter  from  Philipp.  i.  21.  According  to  the  Parish 
Register,  "  Mr.  Booles  was  buried  the  22  August,  1662, 
Mr.  Hunter  preatcht."  "  He  lies  in  an  unknown  grave 
in  the  church  of  All  Hallows  in  the  Pavement,  where  the 
pulpit  which  he  so  often  filled  remains  as  in  his  day. 
Near  him  lie  several  of  his  companions  upon  whom  the 
storm  fell,  and  whose  place  of  burial  was  probably 
selected  that  they  might  be  close  to  their  old  friend." 
He  left  behind  him  four  sons  and  one  daughter.  By 
his  will,  dated  July  22nd,  1662,  he  gave  to  his  fellow- 
labourers,  Calvert,  Williams,  and  Perrot,  a  piece  of 
gold  to  buy  a  ring,  and  left  one  of  his  sons  to  the  care 
of  his  worthy  friend,  Sir  William  Ayscough,  of  Osgodby, 
near  Thirsk,  and  another  to  that  of  his  nephew,  Thomas 
Hutton.  He  wrote  "  A  Plain  and  Short  Catechism," 
with  the  motto,  "  I  have  fed  you  with  milk  and  not  with 
strong  meat,"  8th  edition,  1676,*  which  came  into 
prominence  on  account  of  the  repetition  of  it  being 
made  a  condition  of  participating  in  the  benefits  of 
almshouses  founded  by  Dame  Sarah  Hewley,  of  York 
(1627-1710),  and  the  evidence  it  afforded  of  her  doctrinal 
sentiments  in  a  notable  suit-at-law,  concerning  the 
application  of  her  charitable  estate.f 

His  three  colleagues  became  Nonconformists.  But  it 
was    not   due   to   either    of    them    that    nonconformity 

*  Reprinted  in  Calamy's  "  Continuation,"  and  "James's  History  of 
Presbyterian  Charities." 

t  Will,  dated  July  9th,  1707.  Codicil,  August  21st,  1710.  Suit  begun, 
June  18th,  1830.    Judgment  of  House  of  Lords,  August  5th,  1842. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  33 


obtained  a  permanent  place  at  York ;  but  to  Ralph 
Ward,  M.A.,  who  was  ejected  at  Hartbourne,  Durham, 
in  1660,  came  to  York  as  chaplain  to  Sir  John  Hewley, 
obtained  licence  as  an  Independent  for  holding  a  meeting 
in  the  house  of  Brian  Dawson,  in  Ousegate  (1672),  was 
imprisoned  twelve  months  in  Ousebridge  gaol  for  holding 
a  conventicle  (1684-5),  continued  his  labours  in  broken 
health  till  his  death  in  1691 ;  shortly  after  which  a 
chapel  was  erected  in  St.  Saviour-gate  (1692),  where 
his  son-in-law,  Dr.  Colton,  long  ministered. 

Mr.  Bowles's  portrait  was  very  common  in  York :  it  is 
engraved  in  Hailstone's  Worthies.  The  original  was  in 
1849  the  property  of  Leonard  Hartley,  of  Middleton 
Tyas,  a  collateral  descendant. 

18.  BOYARD    (or   Byard),   ejected    from  the    Rectory   of 

Wheldrake,  Holderness. 

Dr.  George  Stanhope,  formerly  rector,  died  in  1644, 
and  Lord  Howard  wrote,  December  17th,  1644,  that  his 
title  to  present  was  good,  he  had  nominated  Mr.  Tindall, 
but  he  was  not  going,  being  otherwise  engaged  (Fairfax, 
Corr.). 

19.  BUCKLE  (Buckley  or  Bulkley),  was  ejected   from  the 

Perpetual   Curacy   of    Horsforth,   in   the    parish   of 
Guiseley,  near  Leeds. 

He  afterwards  conformed.  A  Mr.  Buckle  (perhaps  his 
son)  was  minister  here  seven  years  in  Sundays,  i.e.  forty- 
nine  years,  1670-1719  (Thoresby). 

A  John  Buckle,  of  Roedale,  was  admitted  to  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge,  October  15th,  1631,  aet.  17. 

20.  BURDSALL,  Thomas  (       -1686),  was  ejected  from  the 

Perpetual  Curacy  of  Selby. 

He  seems  to  have  been  related  to  a  family  of  this 
name  at  Kirby  Overblow. 

He  was  educated  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  of  which 
also  he  was  Fellow,  when  Dr.  Winter  (from  Cottingham, 
near  Hull)  was  Provost,  1651-1660;  and  he  acknowledged 

D 


34     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


the  goodness  of  God  in  the  many  advantages  he  enjoyed 
in  public  ordinances  and  godly  society  there.  He  was 
presented  to  the  living  of  Selby  (where  Richard  Calvert, 
who  replaced  one  Paul  Hammerton,  died  in  1657)  by 
Richard  Cromwell,  Protector,  October  27th,  1658 ;  and 
his  certificate  was  signed  by  John  Thelwell  of 
Whiston,  Edward  Bowles,  Gilbert  Thomas  of  Stilling- 
fleet,  Stephen  Arlush,  Nathaniel  Jackson  of  Barwick-in- 
Elmet,  Elias  Pawson,  John  Kershaw  and  George  Smith. 
On  his  ejection  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity  he  became 
chaplain  to  Mrs.  Hutton,  of  Poppleton  (sister  to  Lord 
Fairfax,  and  widow  of  Richard  Hutton,  who  died  in 
1648),  in  whose  family  as  well  as  the  neighbourhood  he 
was  of  great  use  by  his  example,  prayers  and  preaching. 
In  1672  he  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian  teacher  to 
preach  in  "  Hutton's  house,  Poppleton."  Oliver  Hey- 
wood,  on  visiting  Mrs.  Hutton,  after  his  release  from 
twelve  months'  imprisonment  in  York  Castle,  in  Decem- 
ber, 1685,  joined  with  him  in  religious  service.  He  died 
the  following  year.  He  was  of  a  blameless  life,  and  very 
temperate,  and  any  contrary  reflections  because  of  the 
flushing  of  his  face,  which  was  natural  to  him,  were 
altogether  groundless. 

21.  CALVERT,  James,  M.A.  (1630-1698),  ejected  from   the 
Vicarage  of  Topcliffe,  near  Thirsk. 

He  was  son  of  Robert  Calvert,  a  grocer  and  sheriff  of 
York,  and  nephew  of  Thomas  Calvert  (see  below) ;  born 
in  the  Pavement  of  that  ancient  city,  where  also  he  was 
educated  till  fitted  for  the  University  ;  admitted  to  Clare 
Hall,  Cambridge,  October  17th,  1646;  B.A.  1648;  M.A. 
1653  ;  his  tutor  being  David  Clarkson,  of  Bradford,  and 
his  contemporary  John  Tillotson,  of  Sowerby,  afterwards 
Archbishop. 

After  his  ejection  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity  he  retired 
to  York  and  lived  privately,  but  not  idly,  for  he 
studied  hard  ;  had  licence  to  preach  in  his  own  house 
there  as  a  general  Presbyterian  teacher  (May  21st, 
1672);   and  the  same  year  published  a  book  concerning 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  35 

the  Ten  Tribes,  entitled  "Naphtali;  seu  Collectatio 
Theologica  de  Reditu  decern  Tribuum,  Conversione 
Judaeorum,  et  Mensibus  Ezekielis,"  London,  4to.  Having 
dedicated  this  work  to  Dr.  Wilkins,*  the  tolerant  Bishop 
of  Chester  (whose  wife  was  a  sister  of  Oliver  Cromwell), 
he  and  Peter  Williams  waited  on  the  Bishop  at  Scar- 
borough Spa;  they  were  received  by  him  with  great 
respect,  and  encouraged  to  live  in  the  hope  of  a  com- 
prehension ;  which  Mr.  Calvert  lived  long  enough  to  see 
completely  disappointed.  About  1675  he  became  chap- 
lain in  the  family  of  Sir  William  Strickland,  of  Boynton, 
Bart.,  with  whom  he  remained  several  years,  educating  his 
son,  and  preaching  as  he  had  opportunity.  On  July  19th, 
1683,  he  was  indicted  for  Treason  at  York,  for  aiding  the 
departure  from  England  of  suspicious  persons,  contrary 
to  a  Royal  Proclamation.  These  were  Sir  John  Cook- 
roon,  Bart.,  who  married  Sir  Thomas  Strickland's  sister, 
his  son,  and  another  gentleman  who  had  visited  Boynton; 
and  Calvert  was  quite  unaware  that  he  had  incurred 
danger  by  not  giving  information  of  their  visit.  On  the 
death  of  Sir  William  and  Lady  Strickland  he  removed 
to  Hull,  and  thence  to  Northumberland  as  chaplain  to 
Sir  William  Middleton,  of  Belsay  Castle  (see  Baxter, 
Nathaniel),  where  he  preached  constantly  in  the  chapel, 
and  acted  as  tutor  to  his  only  son,  being  very  careful  of 
his  education  both  at  home  and  at  Cambridge.  He  was 
still  tutor  when  Sir  William  died.  (Sir  John  Middleton 
married  Frances,  daughter  of  John  Lambert,  of  Calton  in 
Craven,  and  died  in  London,  October  17th,  1717.)  Calvert 
survived  until  1698.  He  was  an  ingenious  as  well  as  a 
pious  divine,  of  a  meek  and  quiet  temper,  and  when  he 
could  not  conform  he  submitted.  He  was  a  man  of 
great  reading  and  a  good  disputant.  He  had  several 
colloquies  with  the  Arminian  party  and  the  Church-men, 
many  of  whom  by  his  learning  and  moderation  he  kept 
from  flying  too  high  in  those  points,  so  that  they  mostly 
fell  in  with  Mr.  Baxter  in  the  middle-way.     Many  pious 

*  For  Wilkins  see  "  Nonconformity  in  Cheshire,"  Urwick,  p.  10. 


36     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


conformists,  as  Mr.  Christopher  Jackson,  Mr.  Radcliff, 
&c,  would  have  won  him  over  to  the  Church,  but  he 
could  not  be  satisfied  with  the  answers  returned  to  his 
objections ;  so  that  with  all  his  moderation  he  was 
a  staunch  nonconformist,  for  he  would  never  be 
re-ordained,  nor  give  assent  and  consent  to  all  in  the 
Liturgy,  yet  such  as  were  of  different  sentiments  loved 
and  honoured  him.  He  left  his  books  and  a  large 
collection  of  manuscripts  to  his  cousin,  Mr.  Harrison, 
Fellow  of  Sidney  College,  Cambridge.  A  letter  of  his  to 
Dr.  Lightfoot  appears  in  Lightfoot's  Works,  xvi.  443. 

22.  CALVERT,  Thomas,  M.A.  (1606-1679),  ejected  from  the 
Minster  at  York. 

He  was  a  native  of  York,  where  his  parents  were  of 
note  for  religion  and  trade.  He  was  wont  to  say  merrily 
at  meals  that  he  loved  whitebread,  for  his  father  was  a 
baker.  He  had  his  grammar  school  learning  in  his 
native  city,  and  was  a  diligent  and  successful  student  of 
Sidney  College,  Cambridge.  The  learned  and  pious  Mr. 
Bell  was  his  tutor  at  the  University.  He  was  con- 
temporary both  at  school  and  in  the  University  with 
Christopher  Cartwright,  of  York,  vir  eruditissimus*  On 
leaving  Cambridge  he  became  chaplain  in  the  family  of 
Sir  Thomas  Burdett,  of  Foremark,  in  Derbyshire,  whose 
lady's  funeral  sermon,  "  The  Weary  Soul's  Wish,"  he 
preached  March  24th,  1637  (printed  in  York,  with  the 
addition  of  elegies,  1650).  In  1638  he  was  instituted 
to  the  vicarage  of  Holy  Trinity  in  King's  Court,  York. 
In  1645  he  was  appointed  one  of  the  four  preachers  at 
the  Minster  and  All  Hallows  on  the  Pavement  (see 
Bowles,  Edward) ;  and  in  1648  he  signed  the  West 
Riding  Ministers'  Attestation.  He  published  (1647) 
"  Heart  Salve  for  a  Wounded  Soul  "  and  "  Eye  Salve  for 
a  Blind  World";    and    (1648)    "  The    Blessed   Jew   of 

*  1602-1658  :  "  A  painful  and  constant  minister,  and  performs  the  cure 
diligently"  (Pari.  Sur.).  "To  him  belongs  the  honour  of  being  the  first 
who  applied  the  more  ancient  writings  of  the  Jews  to  the  illustration  of 
the  Bible  "     (See  "  Diet.  Nat.  Biog."). 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  37 


Morocco,"  *  with  his  annotations  thereon,  a  book 
which  first  occasioned  his  being  commonly  called 
Rabbi  Calvert.  In  1650  he  published  "  The  Exalta- 
tion of  Christ  in  the  Days  of  the  Gospel."  He 
was  appointed  in  1654  an  assistant  commissioner  for 
ejecting  ignorant  and  scandalous  ministers  in  the  North 
Riding.  In  1656  he  published  "  Mel  Coeli  or  Medulla 
Evangelii,"  an  exposition  of  Isaiah  liii.,  and  afterwards 
a  work  against  Popery,  entitled  "  The  Visitation  of  the 
Sick."  Christopher  Cartvvright  at  his  death  in  1650  left 
his  papers  on  Rabbinical  learning  to  Calvert,  saying  that 
he  was  the  only  person  who  could  understand  them. 

At  the  Restoration  he  continued  to  preach  with  Edward 
Bowles  at  All  Hallows  until  Bartholomew's  day,  after 
which  he  lived  privately  at  York.  On  the  passing  of  the 
Five  Mile  Act  he  withdrew  to  the  hospitable  shelter  of 
Lady  Ursula  Barwick  (daughter  of  Walter  Strickland  of 
Boynton,  and  widow  of  Sir  Robert  Barwick,  Recorder  of 
York  f),  at  Toulson,  near  Tadcaster,  where  Thomas 
Hardcastle,  ejected  at  Bramham,  had  already  found 
refuge. 

He  was  a  pious,  devout  man  and  a  profound  preacher; 
his  matter  was  excellent,  but  he  was  not  very  solicitous 

*  *  The  Blessed  Jew  of  Morocco,  or  a  Blackamoor  turned  White,  being 
a  demonstration  of  the  true  Messias  out  of  the  law  and  the  prophets  by 
Rabbi  Samuel,  a  Jew  turned  Christian,  written  first  in  the  Arabic,  after 
translated  into  Latin,  and  now  Englished,"  &c. 

t  Sir  Robert  died  in  1660,  aged  72,  and  was  buried  at  Newton  Kyme. 
Lady  Barwick  died  October  4th,  1681,  aged  81.  Her  only  son  was 
drowned  in  the  Wharf e  in  1666 ;  her  only  daughter  was  married  to  Henry, 
fourth  Lord  Fairfax  (first  cousin  of  "  the  great  Lord  Fairfax  "),  and  their 
daughter  was  married  to  Mr.  Robert  Staple  ton  (son  of  Sir  Hugh  Stapleton, 
the  notable  Presbyterian  leader),  of  whom  Oliver  Heywood  has  the  follow- 
ing note :  "  1675,  Sept.  8,  was  buried  Mr.  Robert  Stapleton,  a  man  of 
,£1,000  a  year,  barrister-at-law,  a  sober  gentleman,  who  had  married  lord 
Henry  Fairfax's  daughter. 

"He  was  above  40,  she  only  twenty  years  of  age.  My  lord  and  the 
family  were  wonderfully  well  pleased  with  the  match,  delighted  much  in 
him.  Lady  Barwick,  mother  to  Lady  Fairfax,  kept  them.  Mrs.  Hutton, 
lord  Thomas'  sister,  said  she  was  glad  there  was  a  wise  man  married  into 
the  family.  But  he  is  gone ;  it  is  not  only  their  disappointment  but  a 
great  loss  to  the  country."     (Unpublished  MSS.) 


38     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY, 

as  to  method.  He  read  and  studied  much,  and  had  great 
acquaintance  with  the  Jewish  Rabbis.  He  had  a  reach 
in  translating  and  expounding  Scripture  which  was 
peculiar.  He  was  buried  in  his  study  to  the  last ;  but  sore 
broken,  spirit,  body  and  estate,  by  an  extravagant  son,  a 
merchant,  and  as  much  comforted  on  the  other  side  in  his 
brother's  (Mr.  James  Calvert's)  son.     [Cal.,  ist  edit.] 

In  a  letter  to  Thoresby,  Timothy  Hodgson,  son  of  the 
old  Parliamentary  captain,  John  Hodgson,  and  chaplain* 
to  Lady  Hewley,  wrote  concerning  him  (April  15th,  1702) : 

"  He  was  a  universal  scholar,  a  good  grammarian,  an  excellent 
orator,  an  acute  disputant,  well  skilled  in  the  Latin,  Greek  and 
Hebrew  tongues  ;  an  able  divine  ...  He  was  of  little  stature,  had  a 
large  soul  in  a  contemptible  body,  he  was  of  a  most  serious  yet  merry 
temper,  full  of  witty  sayings ;  bore  all  his  afflictions,  domestic  and 
national,  as  a  Christian  and  a  minister.  He  was  respected  by  all  the 
learned  here  who  had  known  him  ;  he  had  a  very  good  library,  but 
parted  with  most  of  them  in  the  latter  part  of  his  life.  He  was 
sound  in  judgment,  holy  in  life.  In  the  Disciplinarian  Controversy 
he  was  of  Mr.  Bell's  and  Mr.  Baxter's  judgment  and  practice. 
He  was  very  communicative  to  all  that  visited  him.  He  had  all 
senses,  understanding  and  memory  to  the  last. 

"  His  last  sickness  was  very  short,  not  above  two  or  three  days. 
He  had  been  at  Lady  Barwick's,  got  cold  on  his  return  home,  fell 
into  a  fever  and  died.  Animam  efflavit  et  corpus  deposuit  et  ad  meliorem 
vitam  transit.  April  15, 1679,  aged  seventy-two,  buried  in  Allhallows 
Pavement,  his  parish  Church.  He  left  several  choice  manuscripts, 
which  are  lost." 

He  was  a  great  encourager  of  learning ;  and  very 
useful  by  his  prayer  and  counsel  to  many  troubled  spirits. 
He  was  the  maul  of  heretics ;  had  several  bickerings  with 
Socinians  and  Formalists.  His  published  works,  beside 
those  named  above,  are  "  The  Wise  Merchant,  or  the 
Peerless  Pearl,"  1660;  "Meditations  on  Ps.  xliii.  7  and 
Isaiah  lvii.  "  ;  2nd  edition,  1675  ;  a  Translation  of  "  Schola 
Consolatoria,"  1671.  He  also  reprinted  "  Christianus 
Triumphans,  Comedia  Apocalyptica,"  by  John  Fox,  &c. 
(1556),  1672. 

He  was  very  poetical :  wrote  elegies  on  the  death  of 
Mr.  Cartwright,  Mr.  Edward  Bowles,  and  on  the  memory 
of  Mr.  George  Wilson,  his  brother-in-law. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  39 

A  sheet  of  English  and  Latin  verses  printed. 

Another  elegy,  Latin  and  English,  upon  the  much 
lamented  death  of  Mr.  Joseph  Stopford,  B.D.,  rector  of 
All  Saints,  York,  who  died  November  3rd,  1675,  aged  39. 

Elegiacks  on  the  memory  of  Sir  William  Strickland, 
of  Boynton,  Bart.,  with  a  Latin  Epitaph.  He  died 
September  12th,  1673. 

(See  also  "  Fairfax  Correspondence  "  I.  lxxxiii.) 

(?)     CARMITCHELL  (or  Carmichael),  John, 

Is  said  by  Palmer  to  have  been  ejected  from  Thursby, 
which  is  two  miles  from  Stokesley  ;  or,  as  Calamy  says, 
Northumberland ;  but  no  such  church  or  chapel  appears 
in  the  Liber  Ecclesiasticus.  Thursby  is  in  Cumberland, 
between  Carlisle  and  Wigton. 

23.  CART,    John    (  -    1674),    was    ejected     from    the 

Rectory  of  Hansivorth,  Sheffield. 

He  was  son  of  William  Cart,  M.A,,  the  Puritan  rector 
(instituted  1627,  died  October  8th,  1644),  whom  he 
succeeded  ;  signed  the  West  Riding  Ministers'  Attestation 
in   1648.     "  A  godly  and  painful  preacher  "  (Pari.  Sur.). 

After  his  ejection  he  continued  to  reside  in  this  obscure 
parish  without  molestation ;  and  to  him  Major  Taylor, 
of  Wallingwells,  when  sent  to  fortify  Tangier,  committed 
the  care  of  his  only  son.  He  was  faithful  to  his  trust, 
and  his  pupil  became  a  worthy  gentleman,  and  a  useful 
magistrate  in  the  county.  He  was  a  "great  scholar,  a 
good  man,  a  good  preacher,  a  nonconformist,  died  in  the 
beginning  (8th)  of  September,  1674 — this  is  a  great  loss 
of  him;  being  a  useful  man  in  these  parts"  (Heywood  : 
Diar.  I.  306). 

Walker  says  erroneously  that  some  one  was  sequestered 
here.  But  Thomas  Stanley  was  curate  to  the  elder 
Cart,  and  settled  in  1644  at  Eyam,  Derbyshire,  where 
he  gave  way  to  the  old  incumbent  at  the  Restoration, 
and  continuing  a  nonconformist,  was  eminently  useful 
there  in  the  time  of  the  Plague  (1666). 


4o     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

24.  CHARMAN,    Stephen,    M.A.    (        -1667),  was  ejected 

from  the  Rectory  of  Hemswovth,  near  Pontefract. 

He  was  educated  at  Oxford ;  admitted  to  Baliol 
College,  March  17th,  1627,  M.A.  April  nth,  1633 ; 
presented  by  Charles  I.  on  a  lapse  in  1636;  signed  the 
West  Riding  Ministers'  Attestation  in  1648,  "a  constant 
preaching  minister"  (Pari.  Sur.). 

He  was  a  good  scholar,  a  very  substantial  divine,  a 
pious,  laborious  and  faithful  minister,  but  not  so  success- 
ful in  the  ministry  as  some  of  his  brethren.  His  son, 
also  called  Stephen,  was  rector  of  Liddeard  Tregoze, 
Wiltshire. 

25.  CLARK,  Peter,  M.A.,  was  ejected  from  the  Rectory  of 

Kirby  Underdale,  in  the  East  Riding. 

He  was  born  at  Beverley ;  noted  for  his  early  pro- 
ficiency in  a  school  there ;  admitted  at  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge,  socius,  March  31st,  1626,  presented 
by  Sir  William  Strickland,  of  Boynton,  to  Carnaby,  near 
Bridlington,  where  he  was  useful  in  the  ministry  until 
the  Civil  War,  when  he  was  driven  by  the  Royalists  to 
London ;  ordained  June,  1643  ;  and  chosen  member  of 
the  Westminster  Assembly  of  Divines,  as  minister  of 
Carnaby.*     "  A  preaching  minister  "  (Pari.  Sur.). 

After  the  troubles  he  returned  into  Yorkshire,  where 
he  was  beneficed  at  Kirby  or  Kirkby.  But  here  some 
uncertainty  appears.  In  1658  Robert  Johnson  is  men- 
tioned as  pastor  at  Kirby  Underdale ;  and  in  the  same 
year  Peter  Clark  signed  several  certificates  as  "  of  Kirby 
Overblow,"  which  is  in  the  West  Riding,  about  five 
miles  west  of  Wetherby.  But  two  years  later  this  entry 
is  found : — 

1660.  Jer.  Garthwaite  MA  rector  K.  Underdale  vice 
Peter  Clarke  dec.  Sep.  18.    12  C.  II.  patron.  .  . 

*  Walker  mentions  a  Caleb  Wilkinson  as  sequestered  at  Carnaby  ;  but 
"  1646,  May  20th,  it  was  ordered  that  £20  be  paid  out  of  the  impropriate 
rectory  of  Moulton,  sequestered  from  Lord  Ever,  a  papist,  for  the  mainten- 
ance of  Caleb  Williamson  (Wilkinson),  minister  of  Carnaby,"  and  in 
1658  Caleb  Wilkinson  signed  certificates  as  minister  of  Hutton  Bushel. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  41 

Yet  Peter  Clarke  was  alive  at  Kirby  when  the  Act  of 
Uniformity  displaced  him.  He  then  retired  with  his 
wife  and  four  children  to  Walkington,  near  Hull,  where 
he  had  a  good  estate  which  descended  to  him  from  his 
father.  There  he  continued  as  long  as  he  lived,  teach- 
ing a  private  school  and  boarding  young  gentlemen, 
some  of  whom  were  great  ornaments  and  blessings  to 
the  country.  Heywood  refers  to  a  Mr.  Clark,  an  ancient 
nonconforming  minister  near  Hull  in   1665  (Diar.   III. 

93). 

"  He  was  living  in  Holderness  September  27th,  1677. 
What  became  of  him  afterwards  I  should  be  glad  to 
know."     (Cal.,  ist  ed.) 

26.  CLAYTON,   Luke   (1624-1674),   was   ejected   from  the 
Vicarage  of  Rot  her  ham. 

He  was  a  native  of  Rotherham,  and  is  spoken  of  as  a 
prophet  who  had  unusual  honour  in  his  own  country,  on 
account  of  his  real  worth  and  pious  labours.  He 
succeeded,  though  not  immediately,  the  notable  Presby- 
terian, John  Shaw,  M.A.,  who  was  driven  away  by  the 
Royalist  army  in  1642  ;  appointed  by  order  of  the  House 
of  Lords,  November  13th,  1646  (Jour.  VIII.,  563) ;  signed 
the  West  Riding  Ministers'  Attestation  in  1648,  and 
Memorial  Against  the  Engagement,  1649.  "  A  painfull 
preacher  and  of  good  conversation  "  (Pari.  Sur.). 
Thomas  Clark  was  his  assistant  in  1648,  and  at  the 
same  date  Thomas  Attwood,  of  Rotherham,  was  approved 
by  the  Westminster  Assembly  of  Divines.  He  was  an 
excellent  disputant  and  very  ready  man,  and  for  many 
years  preached  twice  a  day  to  a  numerous  congregation, 
and  catechised  the  youth  in  public ;  after  which  he 
constantly  on  Lord's  day  evening,  about  five  o'clock, 
repeated  the  substance  of  his  sermons. 

After  Bartholomew's  day,  no  successor  having  been 
provided,  he  continued  his  ministry  in  the  Parish  Church 
until  the  following  January,  when  he  gave  place  to  the 
new  incumbent.  He  was  the  first  of  the  ministers  sent 
to  York  Castle  for  nonconformity.     He  was  indeed   a 


42     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

very  bold  and  resolute  servant  of  Jesus  Christ ;  which 
occasioned  his  being  several  times  imprisoned  for  six 
months  together.  He  had  no  sooner  obtained  his 
liberty  than  he  returned  to  his  work.  Heywood  visited 
him  at  Rotherham  in  1666  and  1668  (Diar.  I.  259). 
Under  the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  he  had  licence  as  a 
general  Presbyterian  teacher  at  his  own  house  (April 
30th,  1672).  The  house  of  Samuel  Clayton  at  Rother- 
ham was  also  licensed  for  a  Presbyterian  meeting  (June 
15th).  An  application  for  a  room  or  rooms  in  Trinity 
House,  Greasborough,  belonging  to  the  Earl  of  Strafford, 
for  the  same  purpose  was  not  approved  (June  29th). 
Mr.  Wood,  of  Norton,  in  Derbyshire,  a  nonconformist 
minister  (who  died  April  1st,  1690),  "  had  been  indulged 
to  preach  some  time  at  Greasborough  Chapel "  (Hey- 
wood :  Diar.  II.  155)  ;  and  it  would  seem  that  Mr. 
Clayton  preached  at  Greasborough  some  years  before 
his  death.  "  On  June  13,  1674,  being  Saturday  night, 
Mr.  Clayton,  of  Rotherham,  an  eminent  minister  in  this 
county,  died  suddenly ;  he  had  been  to  see  Mr.  Burbeck 
(Birkbeck)  at  Sheffield  on  Thursday ;  walked  abroad  on 
Friday ;  Saturday,  several  friends  came  to  visit  him 
that  evening,  with  whom,  as  he  was  discoursing  in  his 
own  house,  he  fell  a  coughing,  vomiting  blood,  cried  out 
*  God  be  merciful  to  me,  I  am  gone,'  and  died  immedi- 
ately."    (III.  137.) 

27.  COLEWHONE  (or  Colquhoun),  James,  was  ejected 
from  the  Vicarage  of  Ganton,  near  Hunmanby,  in  the 
East  Riding. 

— 1654,  May  19,  Jas.  Colewhole,  Harome,  augmentation 

ordered  to  be  paid. 
— 1658,  signed  certificate  to  John  Mawman,  Whitby, 
Nov.    19  : — Jas.  Colewhole,  Smeaton  (or  Sneaton). 
Thos.  Man,  Northallerton. 
— 1658,  signed  certificate  to  Wm.  Craig,  of  Lofthouse, 
June  23  : —  Jas.  Colewhole,  Smeton. 
Jas.  Calvert,  Topcliffe. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  43 


— 1660,  Sept.  12  : —     Marm.   Mason,  vice  Jno.  Cole- 
whole,  12  C.  II.  pat.  Wright,  Chr.,  rector  of  Smea- 
ton  alias  Sneaton    [different  places]   fr.  Sept.  12 
C.  II.  pat. 
[From  these  entries  we  may  gather  that  in  1654  Mr. 
Colewhone  (or  Colquhoun)  was  at  Harome,  probably  the 
chapelry   of  Ulrome   in  the  parish  of  Barmston,  East 
Riding ;  that  in  1658  he  was  at   Smeaton,  or  Sneaton, 
from  which  he  was  outed  in  1660  ;  and  that  he  afterwards 
obtained   the  vicarage  of  Ganton,  from  which  he  was 
ejected  in  1662.     Smeaton  is  about  six  miles  north  of 
Northallerton  ;  and  Sneaton  two  miles  south  of  Whitby. 
— Editor.] 

28.  CONSTANTINE,  Henry,  M.A.  (1614-1667),  was  ejected 

from  the  Rectory  of  Moor  Monkton,  seven  miles  from 
York. 

He  was  placed  at  Moor  Monkton  by  order  of  the  House 
of  Lords,  June  1st,  1647  (Jour.  VII.  228  ;  "an  able  preach- 
ing minister  "  (Pari.  Sur.)  ;  signed  certificate  to  Cornelius 
Todd,  Bilton,  January  19th,  1658. 

After  his  ejection  in  1662  he  continued  to  reside  at 
Moor  Monkton,  died  there,  and  was  buried  at  Ripley, 
near  Harrogate,  where  his  son  was  rector.  A  tombstone 
within  the  altar  rails  has  the  inscription :  "  Henry 
Constantine,  M.A.,  Rector  of  Moor  Monkton,  who  died 
August  21,  1667,  in  the  53rd  year  of  his  age."  He  was 
,a  pious  and  discreet  man,  a  good  scholar  and  a  judicious 
preacher,  very  laborious  in  his  Master's  work  while  he 
had  opportunity,  and  not  without  success. 

In  1662  Cuthbert  Hesketh  was  presented  to  the  rectory 
of  Moor  Monkton,  "  his  predecessor  not  having  sub- 
scribed "  (14  C.  II.  pat.) 

29.  COORE,    Richard   (1608-1687),  was    ejected    from    the 

Chapelry   of  Tong,  in   the   parish  of  Birstall ;  now  in 
the  city  of  Bradford. 

He  was  curate  of  Heptonstall,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax, 
in  1645,  and  was  in  sympathy  with  the  Antinomian  views 


44     YORKSHIRE   PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

of  Robert  Towne,  of  Todmorden  (1648),  subsequently  of 
Elland  and  Haworth.  His  wife  was  daughter  of  Robert 
Doughty,  M.A.,  schoolmaster,  of  Wakefield. 

After  his  ejection  at  Tong  he  continued  to  reside  there. 
According  to  a  return  made  to  Sheldon,  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury,  in  1669,  preparatory  to  a  renewal  of  the 
Conventicle  Act,  there  was  a  meeting  at  Tong  "  every 
Lord's  day,  in  a  stone  delph  there,  of  all  sorts,  very 
numerous,  of  the  meanest  sort  of  people  [the  leaders  or 
teachers  being]  one  Hartley,  a  weaver  by  trade  [James 
Hartley,  of  Kildwick,  a  notable  Antinomian],  Mr.  Nesse 
[Christopher  Nesse,  of  Leeds],  Mr.  Hird  [of  EccleshiH, 
near  Bradford] ."  *  Under  the  Indulgence,  Coore  had  a 
licence  for  his  own  house  at  Tong  ;  and  in  the  application 
for  it  he  described  himself  as  "  of  the  true  Christian  pro- 
fession, not  against  Episcopal,  Presbyterian  or  Indepen- 
dent, but  called  an  Antinomian  "  (May  18th,  1672).  He 
subsequently  removed'  to  Leeds,  and,  like  many  other 
ejected  ministers,  devoted  himself  to  the  study  and 
practice  of  the  healing  art.  A  true  Bill  was  found 
against  him  at  York  for  practising  medicine  with- 
out licence,  May  1st,  1676  (York  Depositions).  He 
published  a  volume  of  over  800  pages  entitled  "  Christ 
set  forth  in  all  Types,  Figures  and  Obscure  Places 
of  the  Scriptures;  wherein  are  opened  all  Dreams 
and  Visions  in  the  Prophets,  and  the  two  Mystical  Books 
of  the  Canticles  and  Revelations.  By  Richard  Coore, 
Preacher  of  the  Gospel,  London,  1683."  He  does  not 
appear  to  have  assumed  the  degree  of  D.D.  assigned  to  him 
by  Calamy,  who  speaks  of  him  as  "  a  sober  man  and  good 
scholar,  much  admired  by  the  Antinomians,  to  whom 
he  preached  at  Tong."  In  his  Epistle  Dedicatory  to 
Charles  II.  he  says : 

11  The  God  of  mercies  hath  magnified  your  Majesty  above  others 
...  for  no  other  but  that  you  may  comfort  and  honour  his 
afflicted  ones.  .  ,  .  They  do  not  require  that  their  way  of 
Religion  might  be  established  and  all  others  suppressed  (as  some 
Professors  do),  nor  that  a  Toleration  for  all  forms  might  be  granted 

*  See  Jolly's  Note  Book,  p.  14. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  45 

(as  others  desire)  ;  they  heartily  desire  that  all  Laws  may  be 
executed  for  the  well  governing  of  man  amongst  men ;  they  only 
beseech  your  Majesty  that  nothing  might  be  brought  into  the  Church 
but  Christ  crucified,  which  is  the  Power  and  Wisdom  of  God  unto 
salvation ;  for  by  it  is  man  regenerated,  made  of  a  Sinner  a  Son  of 
God  ;  without  which  man  lies  dead  in  sin,  and  can  do  nothing  that 
is  good  and  well  pleasing  to  God. 

"  It  hath  been  the  subtlety  of  Satan  ever  since  the  Gospel  was 
first  preached  to  persuade  men  that  it  is  needful  to  join  something  to 
this  Doctrine;  whereby  false  Apostles  first  joined  Circumcision  and 
keeping  of  the  Law;  and  all  forms  of  Religion  ever  since  have 
continued  to  join  with  it  keeping  of  the  Law  ;  some  in  one  manner 
and  some  in  another,  that  man's  own  righteousness  which  is  of  the 
Law  may  be  upholden  and  the  righteousness  of  God  which  is  by 
Faith  in  Jesus  may  be  cast  out. 

"  Wherefore  the  poor  Church  beseeches  your  Majesty  still  to 
maintain  that  True  foundation  Faith  in  Jesus  .  .  .  and  to  keep  it 
pure  from  all  mixture." 

He  died  at  Leeds  in  1687,  according  to  the  following 
entry  in  Heywood's  Register :  "  Mr.  Core,  formerly 
preacher  at  Tong,  a  nonconformist  that  in  this  time  of 
Liberty  preacht  in  a  Barn  there,  died  December  14,  aged 
near  80."  (Calamy's  first  edition  says  he  died  in  April, 
1688,  aged  about  70 ;  while  Palmer  places  his  death  10th 
December,  1687,  aged  71.) 

30.  CORNWALL,    Ralph,    was   ejected    at    Skipsea,    Hol- 

derness. 

Although  not  mentioned  by  Calamy,  he  should  prob- 
ably be  placed  among  those  who  were  ejected  and  after- 
wards conformed.  He  is  mentioned  as  of  Skipsea  in 
1654,  "  one  of  Cromwell's  usurpers"  (Poulson's  "  Holder- 
ness  ") ;  and  at  Burton  Pidsey  in  1662. 

31.  CRANFORD  (or  Crawford),  was  ejected  at  Bugthorpe, 

near  Pocklington,  in  the  East  Riding. 

32.  CROOKE,  John,  M.A.  (1629-1687),  was  ejected  from  the 

Perpetual  Curacy  of  Denby,  in  the  Parish  of  Penistone. 

He  was  born  at  Sheffield,  where  his  father,  John 
Crooke,  a  cutler,  was  very  prosperous  and  equally 
generous,  statedly  giving  a  tenth  of  his  income  to  pious 


V 

46     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

uses.  He  was  educated  at  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge 
admitted  sizar  under  Mr.  Howe,  June  27th,  1648,  aet.  19; 
at  first  curate  of  the  chapel  at  Ecclesall,  Sheffield  (1656), 
and  afterwards  (1659)  of  Denby  Chapel  (built  in  1620, 
and  licensed  by  Archbishop  Toby  Matthews,  but  not 
consecrated).  His  wife  was  widow  of  John  Bridges, 
assistant  minister  at  Sheffield  in  1646. 

After  his  ejection  he  preached  but  seldom  and  privately. 
He  was  more  fortunate  than  many  of  his  brethren,  for  he 
had  a  good  estate  left  him  by  his  father,  on  the  income  of 
which  he  lived  at  Wakefield.  He  was  there  in  1684, 
when  he  was  visited  by  Oliver  Heywood.  He  was  a  sober 
and  stout  (staunch)  man,  very  sound  and  orthodox,  of 
good  natural  parts,  active  and  vigorous,  and  very  able  to 
defend  the  truth  with  argument.  It  was  said  that  he  was 
of  a  somewhat  penurious  disposition.  He  was,  however, 
a  small  benefactor  of  his  native  parish,  the  curate  of 
Ecclesall  enjoying  30s.  per  annum  of  his  gift.  Though  he 
was  but  a  spare  and  temperate  man,  he  was  long  afflicted 
with  the  gout,  which  at  last  rose  upward  from  his  foot  to 
his  throat  and  choked  him.  "  Mr.  Crook,  a  nonconformist 
minister,  formerly  at  Denby,  lived  long  at  Wakefield, 
died  of  the  gout  in  his  throat,  January  9,  1687,  aged 
53  "  (?  58).     (North.  Reg.) 

33.  CROSSLEY,  Jeremiah,  M.A.  (  -1665),  officiated  in 
the  Chapel  at  Bramhope,  in  the  parish  of  Otley.  [The 
"  Nonconformists'  Memorial  "  calls  him  Zachariah.] 

In  1654  Robert  Dyneley,  Esq.,  of  Bramhope  Hall, 
erected  this  chapel,  which,  with  its  endowment,  he  put 
in  trust  "  for  the  maintenance  of  an  able  and  godly 
minister."  Crossley  was  Master  of  the  Bradford 
Grammar  School  in  the  interval  between  1643  and  1653  ; 
is  mentioned  as  such  in  1649,  as  minister  in  1651,  and  as 
minister  at  Bramhope  in  1653  ;  and  "  Sockariah " 
(Zechariah)  his  son  was  baptized  at  the  Parish  Church 
at  Bradford  in  1656. 

He  did  not  comply  with  the  Act  of  Uniformity  and 
may  therefore  be  reckoned  among  the  ejected.    Under  the 


MINISTERS   EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  47 

protection  of  Mr.  Dyneley  he  continued  to  minister  in  the 
chapel,  and  was  often  visited  by  Oliver  Heywood  (Diar. 
I.  192,  194). 

After  his  death  in  1665  meetings  were  frequently  held 
both  in  the  Chapel  and  in  the  Hall ;  but  the  Chapel  was 
claimed  and  possessed  by  the  Established  Church.  It 
still  exists,  but  has  not  been  used  for  Divine  service  for 
many  years,  a  new  Episcopal  Church  having  been  erected 
at  a  short  distance  from  it  ("  Bradford  Antiquary,"  July, 
1898). 

34.  CUDWORTH,   Nicholas    (        -?  1664),  is  said  to  have 
been  ejected  at  Beeston,  in  the  parish  of  Leeds. 

He  was  at  first  minister  in  Lancashire,  at  Lightcliffe  in 
Halifax  Parish  in  1648,  and  at  Coley  in  1649.  He  was 
succeeded  there  in  the  following  year  by  Oliver  Heywood, 
who  says :  "  He  was  a  good  scholar  and  a  holy  man,  as 
was  hoped,  and  a  good  preacher;  but  so  exceedingly 
melancholy  that  it  obscured  his  parts  and  rendered  him- 
self and  labours  less  acceptable.*  He  was  not  at  Coley 
above  a  year,  yet  would  have  gathered  a  church  in  the 
Congregational  way,"  but  was  unable  to  do  so  ;  "  he  then 
went  to  Beeston  (1650),  Ardsley  (1652),  Ossett  (1653), 
and  wras  not  long  resident  anywhere  ;  was  very  poor  ; 
built  a  house  with  difficulty  upon  the  Common  at  Ossett, 
cast  himself  into  debt ;  travelled  often  to  London  about 
an  augmentation,  at  last  died  ;  left  a  widow  and  several 
children  that  are  now  got  up,  have  shifted  pretty  well, 
live  in  Wakefield.  In  them  God  remembered  his  Cove- 
nant." (Diar.  IV.  14.)  The  exact  place  where  he  was 
ejected  or  silenced  is  somewhat  uncertain.  Calamy  says, 
"  I  have  had  repeated  information  from  several  credible 
persons  that  this  Mr.  Cudworth  was  the  minister  of 
Beeston  and  ejected  from  thence  in  1662."  But  see 
Scurr. 

The  following  entries  appear  in  the  Register  of  Burials 
at  Horbury,  near  Ossett  : 

*  The  •■  Nonconformists'  Memorial "  has  a  story  that  at  times  he  would 
be  so  absorbed  in  his  topic  that  it  became  necessary  to  stop  him ! 


48     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

J653,  Oct.  24  a  still-born  child  of  Mr.  Cudworth. 
1656,  Oct.  1,  Rachel,  daughter  of  Nicholas  Cudworth, 

minister. 
1664,  Mar.  4,  Sarah  Cudworth,  daughter  of  Mrs.  Cud- 
worth, of  the  Light's  side. 
In  1656  and  1657  he  was  assisted  from  the  "  stock  "  of  the 
Congregational  Church  at  Woodchurch  (West  Ardsley). 
His  widow  died  at  Wakefield,  September  17th,  1679, 
aged  63. 

35.  DARWENT,    Isaac,    was    ejected    at    Stannington,    in 

Bradfield,  a  Chapelry  of  Ecclesfield  Parish,  Sheffield. 

This  Chapel  was  built  in  1652  or  1653  by  Richard 
Spoone,  and  endowed  with  certain  lands  for  the  support 
of  the  minister.  After  Ralph  Wood,  1652-5,  and  Robert 
Matthewman,  1655-7,  Isaac  Darwent  was  the  minister, 
and  he  continued  to  preach  there  until  silenced  by  the 
Act  of  Uniformity.  After  his  ejection  he  was  tenant  of 
the  Chapel-lands  until  1665,  when  he  was  driven  away 
by  the  Five  Mile  Act.  What  became  of  him  afterwards 
is  unknown.  The  Chapel  was  considered  as  under 
Episcopal  jurisdiction,  and  his  immediate  successors 
were  conformists  ;  but  under  the  Act  of  Toleration  it 
came  into  the  possession  of  Protestant  Dissenters 
(Hunter's  "  Hallamshire,"  p.  468). 

36.  DAWSON,   Joseph  (1635-1709),   was  ejected   from   the 

Chapelry  of  Thornton,  in  the  parish  of  Bradford. 

He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Abraham  Dawson,  of  Morley, 
near  Leeds,  clothier ;  educated  at  a  school  at  Bradford, 
under  Mr.  Watkins,  two  years ;  admitted  to  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge,  pensioner,  April  26th,  1653,  aged 
past  18 ;  and  became  minister  of  the  Chapel  about  1657, 
where  there  appears  to  have  been  already  formed  a 
congregational  society  "in  and  about  Bradford  dale." 
In  this,  however,  being  of  Presbyterian  principles,  he 
took  no  active  part. 

After  his  ejection  he  lived  at  Landmier,  Northowram, 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN  YORKSHIRE.  49 

having  married  a  daughter  of  Richard  Best  of  that  place. 
His  residence  was  near  that  of  Oliver  Heywood,  with 
whom  he  was  on  intimate  terms  and  joined  in  holding 
religious  services. 

He  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian  teacher  for  his  own 
house  at  Northowram,  in  Halifax  Parish ;  and  preached 
in  the  Old  White  Chapel,  Cleckheaton,  in  Birstall  parish. 

He  had  also  licences  for  his  own  house  in  the  same 
parish  (the  Closes)  and  for  "a  new  brick  house  in 
Briggate,  Leeds."  He  continued  for  many  years 
preaching  at  many  other  places  in  addition  to  these. 

About  1688  he  became  minister  to  the  nonconformist 
congregation  at  Morley,  which  then  held  its  services  in 
a  part  of  the  old  manse,  and  afterwards  in  the  old 
Chapel  of  St.  Mary's  (in  the  parish  of  Batley).  This 
had  been  leased  to  trustees  by  Lord  Saville  in  1650, 
but  had  been  subsequently  claimed  by  the  Vicar  of 
Batley.  After  the  Act  of  Toleration  it  was  restored  to 
the  trustees,  and  again  used  for  nonconformist  worship. 
Dawson  died  in  June,  1709,  aged  73. 

He  was  a  pious  and  learned  man,  greatly  esteemed 
for  his  integrity,  prudence,  humility  and  meekness;  a 
hard  student  and  an  affectionate  preacher,  who  naturally 
cared  for  the  good  of  souls ;  unwearied  and  very  success- 
ful in  his  ministerial  labours.  He  suffered  considerably 
from  the  straitness  of  his  circumstances,  having  a 
numerous  family  *  ;  yet  he  never  repented  of  his  non- 
conformity, but  was  patient  and  submissive  and  eminent 
for  faith  and  self  denial,  and  a  living  instance  of  real 
holiness  for  many  years  (John  Dunton's  "  Life  and 
Errors,  *  Panegyrick  '  "  p.  419). 

37.  DENTON,  John  (1625-1708),  was  born  at  or  near 
Bradford,  ejected  from  the  Rectory  of  Oswaldkivk, 
preached  for  some  time  as  a  nonconformist,  and  then 
conformed. 

He   was   educated   at   Cambridge,  admitted  to  Clare 

*  Calamy  says  he  brought  up  four  sons  to  the  ministry ;  the  youngest 
of  these,  Eli,  had  seven  sons,  six  of  whom  became  dissenting  ministers. 
E 


50    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Hall,  May  4th,  1646,  sizar  and  pupil  to  David  Clarkson. 

Here  he  contracted  a  lasting  friendship  with  Tillotson, 

afterwards  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  to  whom  he  was 

of  material  service  during  a  very  severe  illness.     He  was 

B.A.,  Oxford  (from  Clare  Hall,  Camb.)  1647,  and  incorp. 

M.A.  July  12th,  1653.     After  his  ejection  at  Oswaldkirk, 

adjacent  to  Stonegrave,  near  Helmsley  (where  Tillotson 

preached  his  first  sermon),  he  remained  a  nonconformist 

for  some  years.     He  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian  for  a 

meeting  in  the  house  of  John  Sturr,  Osgoodby  Grange, 

near  Thirsk,  and  at  Newton,  in  the  parish  of  Stonegrave 

(May  16th,  1672).     After  that  date  he  conformed,  was 

re-ordained  by  Dr.  Thomas  Barlow,  Bishop  of  Lincoln, 

and   presented   to   the   living   of  Stonegrave — to  which 

"  having  become  void  by  the  nonconformity  of  the  last 

incumbent  "  (?  Elias  Pawson),  William  Meade  had  been 

presented  by  Charles  II.  (November  20th,  14  C.II.).     He 

had  also    a  prebendal  stall  in  York  Minster.     There  is 

some   account  of  him  in  the  Memoirs  of  Dr.  Comber. 

He  held  the  living  until  his  death,  in  the  83rd  year  of 

his   age,    on  January   14th,    1708,   as  appears  from  the 

tombstone   in    Stonegrave    Church.       "  Denton,"    says 

Baxter,     "  was    a    very    pious    man    and    a     profitable 

preacher."     He  published  some  religious  and  polemical 

tracts. 

38.  DENTON,  Nathan,  B.A.  (1633-1720),  was  ejected  from 
the  Perpetual  Curacy  of  Bolton-upon-Dearne,  nine  miles 
from  Rotherham. 

He  was  born  in  Bradfield  Chapelry,  of  the  parish  of 
Ecclesfield,  Sheffield  ;  brought  up  at  Worsborough  Gram- 
mar School;  admitted  to  University  College,  Oxford, 
1652,  matriculated  March  17th,  1654,  B.A.  October  15th, 
1657  ;  had  as  his  tutor  Thomas  Jones,  whom  Wood  calls 
a  "  zealous  person  for  carrying  on  the  righteous  cause." 
Leaving  the  University  he  taught  a  free  school  at 
Cawthorne,  in  the  parish  of  Silkstone,  and  preached  for 
the  minister  there,  and  at  High  Hoyland  once  a  fortnight 
alternately.      He  was  ordained   at    Hemsworth   in   the 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  51 

Presbyterian  manner  in  1658,  "  in  order  to  serve  High 
Hoyland  parish."  Thence  he  removed  to  Derwent 
Chapel,  in  Derbyshire;  and  about  1660  to  Bolton-on- 
Dearne,  where  he  married  Anne  Burley  on  February 
6th,  1661. 

After  his  ejection  he  preached  for  a  year  at  Hickleton 
(where  Hugh  Everard  was  ejected)  by  the  encouragement 
of  Lady  Jackson  (sister  of  Sir  George  Booth,  Lord 
Delamere,  and  wife  of  Sir  John  Jackson).  He  subse- 
quently preached  as  he  had  opportunity  in  Yorkshire  and 
Derbyshire,  residing  at  Bolton,  except  when  compelled 
by  persecution  on  two  occasions  to  remove  for  the  space 
of  two  years  together.  He  often  preached  at  Great 
Houghton,  in  the  parish  of  Darfield  (where  Sir  Edward 
Rodes  had  built  a  domestic  chapel  in  1650)  ;  and  had 
licence  to  preach  at  the  house  of  Silvanus  Rich  at 
Bullhouse,  Penistone,  May  8th,  1672,  as  a  Congrega- 
tionalism He  also  preached  at  various  other  places 
besides  those  just  mentioned,  and  received  assistance 
from  funds  provided  for  poor  ministers.*  He  was  one  of 
the  few  of  the  first  race  of  nonconformists  who  were 
living  when  Calamy  published  the  first  edition  of  his 
account  of  them  in  1713.  His  wife  was  buried  at  Bolton, 
January  25th,  1714  ;  and  he  himself  died  October  12th, 
1720,  aged  87,  "  being  the  last  that  we  heard  of  the 
Ejected  Ministers  of  1662  "  ("  Northern  Register  ").  He 
was  the  picture  of  an  old  Puritan ;  a  man  of  an  unblame- 
able  life,  who  maintained  his  integrity  to  the  last.  He 
had  several  offers  of  good  livings  in  the  Church ;  but  he 
refused  them  and  declared  that  he  never  repented  of  his 
nonconformity.  His  son  Daniel  was  minister  of  Bull- 
house  Chapel,  erected  in  1692,  where  in  1715  he  had 
a  congregation  of  200  persons.  A  Memorial  Tablet  in 
the  Chapel  reads :  "  Six  feet  east  from  this  stone  lieth 
the  body  of  the  Reverend,  pious  and  learned  Daniel 
Denton,  Master  of  Arts.  He  was  minister  here  28  years. 
He  died  February  18,  1720." 

*  "  Lady  Armine,  1698,  £1  10s." — Heywood,  Diar.  III.  275. 


52     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

39.  DONKINSON  (or  Donkerson),  John,  was  ejected  from 

the  Perpetual  Curacy  at   Sand  Hutton   in   the   parish 
of  Thirsk. 

He  had  licence  as  a  general  Presbyterian  teacher  near 
York,  May  13th,  1672. 

40.  DURY  (or  Drury),  David  (         -1692),  was  ejected  from 

the   Perpetual   Curacy  at  Honley,   in    the   parish    of 
Aldmondbury,  near  Huddersfield. 

He  was  a  native  of  Scotland  ;  appears  to  have  been 
ordained  at  Gorton,  in  Lancashire  ;  whence  he  came  to 
Honley  after  1650  (when  William  Horwood  was  there, 
"  a  painfull  preacher  "  :  Pari.  Sur.).  After  Bartholomew's 
Day  he  still  continued  to  preach  at  Honley  for  a  while 
(Heywood  :  Diar.  I.  184).  When  preaching  at  Shadwell, 
near  Leeds,  January  15th,  1666,  he  was  apprehended  by  one 
Newzam,  a  Leeds  bailiff  (I.  200)  ;  he  was  in  Lancashire 
September  15th,  1668  (I.  258) ;  and  in  Yorkshire  Decem- 
ber gth,  1678  (II.  79)  ;  soon  after  which  he  returned  to 
Scotland,  died  at  Edinburgh,  and  was  buried  in  Grey 
Friars  Church,  February  16th,  1692.  He  was  eminent 
for  piety  and  for  his  gift  in  prayer.* 

41.  ELLWOOD,  Samuel  (1620-         ),  was  ejected  from  the 

Vicarage  of  Bishopthovpe,  near  York. 

He  was  son  of  Francis  Ellwood,  of  Hull,  deceased ; 
born  at  Marfleet ;  educated  at  a  school  at  Hull  (Mr. 
Stevenson),  three  years  ;  admitted  to  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge,  sizar :  surety,  Mr.  Nicholson,  June  13th,  1635, 
aet.  15.  The  living  was  vacant  in  1650,  "  the  vicar 
being  dead "  (Pari.  Sur.).  Ellwood  was  presented  by 
Richard  Cromwell,  Protector,  November  19th,  1658,  his 
certificate  being  signed  by  Wm.  Cole,  Stephen  Dockray 
and  others. 

(?)ETHERINGTON, 

It  seems  doubtful  whether  this  name  can  be  rightly 
placed  among  the  ejected  ministers  of  Yorkshire. 

*  A  Mr.  Dury  was  ejected  at  Bradshaw,  Lane.     (Palmer  2/357). 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  53 

William  Etherington,  of  Gilling,  is  mentioned  by 
Morrice  as  ejected.  There  is  a  certificate  signed  by 
him,  "Gilling  West,  Feby.,  1659." 

Christopher  Etherington  is  spoken  of  as  "ejected  from 
Morley,"  but  Calamy  says  he  had  been  minister  at 
Morley  Chapel  and  conformed. 

In  1660  he  went  to  Bramley  to  succeed  Mr.  Bovil,  who 
left  on  account  of  his  nonconformity,  but  did  not 
continue  there  long. 

He  appears  to  have  been  at  Sowerby  in  1678,  February 
6th,    when    Heywood    heard   him   preach   there  (Diar. 

n.  55). 

"  Mr.  Sam.  Maud,  of  Sowerby  (brother  of  Dr.  Maud, 
of  Halifax),  was  a  bitter  enemy  to  honest  Mr.  Ethering- 
ton, (being)  a  great  Arminian,  pleaded  strenuously 
against  predestination,  for  free  will,  universal  redemption, 
falling  away"  (II.  265). 

"  Mr.  Etherington,  minister  of  Sowerby,  died  suddenly 
on  Jan.  4,  1679  ;  purposed  to  preach  the  day  after,  was 
in  his  parlour,  his  wife  going  to  fetch  somewhat  in 
the  house,  he  was  dead  before  or  immediately  after  she 
came  again  ;  though  he  had  been  weakly,  melancholy, 
had  much  discouragement "  (II.  166). 

42.  EVANKE,    George,    was   ejected   from   the   Perpetual 
Curacy  of  Great  Ayton,  Cleveland. 

He  was  chaplain  to  the  patron  of  the  living,  Sir 
George  Marwood,  Bart.,  of  Little  Busby  (two  miles 
distant). 

Among  the  "  Collection  of  Sermons  "  printed  in  1663 
there  is  one  —  and  the  only  one  from  Yorkshire — 
"  preached  at  Great  Ayton  by  George  Evanke,  Chaplain 
to  the  Rt.  Wor.  Sir  George  Marwood,  Bart.,  of  Cleve- 
land." This  sermon  indicates  considerable  ability.  A 
long  quotation  from  it  is  printed  by  Palmer.  Nothing 
further  is  known  concerning  the  preacher.  He  may 
have  continued  to  reside  at  Ayton,  where  a  Presbyterian 
meeting-house  was  built  soon  after  the  Act  of  Toleration 
was  passed. 


54     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

[The  Nonconformist  Memorial  mentions  one  Eubank 
of  Busby  in  Cleveland,  but  gives  no  account  of  him. 
Busby  is  a  hamlet  in  the  parish  of  Stokesley,  not  a 
benefice ;  and  the  entry  is  no  doubt  a  mistake. — Editor.] 

43.  EVERARD,    Hugh  (        -1667),   was   ejected    from  the 
Perpetual  Curacy  of  Hickleton,  near  Doncaster. 

He  was  the  third  son  of  Sir  William  Everard,  of  Much 
Waltham,  Essex,  Bart. ;  educated  at  Emanuel  College, 
Cambridge,  of  which  he  was  Fellow;  one  of  the  assistant 
ministers  at  Sheffield  in  1645 ;  signed  the  West  Riding 
Ministers'  Attestation  as  minister  of  Worsborough 
(1648),  "  a  constant  preacher  "  (Pari.  Sur.). 

On  his  ejection  Sir  John  Jackson  of  Hickleton,  Bart., 
took  him  and  his  wife  into  his  family,  he  being  chaplain 
and  his  wife  housekeeper.  He  was  an  eminent  divine, 
a  solid  preacher,  of  excellent  abilities  and  very  useful. 
In  his  will,  dated  March  1st,  1667,  he  is  described  as  of 
Hickleton,  clerk,  and  minister  of  the  Gospel  of  Jesus 
Christ ;  recites  that  he  has  in  the  hands  of  Sir  John 
£500  placed  out  on  the  security  of  the  manor  of  Bolton ; 
and  leaves  him  20s.  to  buy  a  ring  as  a  token  of  his  love. 
[See  Mem.  of  Sir  John  Reresby.] 

44.  FAIRFAX,  Henry,  M.A.  (1588-1665) ;  resigned  the 
Rectory  of  Bolton  Percy  in  1660  on  account  of  his 
Puritan  sentiments. 

Although  placed  by  Walker  among  his  "  suffering 
clergy,"  he  should  rather  be  counted  among  the  ejected 
nonconformists. 

He  was  the  second  son  of  Thomas,  first  Baron 
Fairfax;  uncle  of  Sir  Thomas,  third  baron,  "the  great 
lord  Fairfax  " ;  and  father  of  Henry  the  fourth  baron, 
and  of  Brian  Fairfax.  He  was  an  alumnus  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge  ;  but  was  admitted  B.A.  at  Oxford, 
Fellow  in  1608,  and  incorporated  M.A.  July  gth,  161 1. 

He  was  rector  of  Ashton-under-Lyne  from  1619,  of 
Newton   Kyme   from   1633,   and   of  Bolton  Percy  from 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  55 

1646  ;  from  1645  to  1655  he  held  the  prebend  of  Friday- 
thorp  in  York  Minster.  He  was  a  friend  of  George 
Herbert,  the  poet;  and  in  1640  took  part  in  an 
unsuccessful  attempt  to  obtain  a  University  for  the 
North  of  England. 

In  1649  he  lost  his  wife,  Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  H. 
Cholmley,  of  Whitby.  In  the  Parliamentary  Survey  1650, 
he  is  miscalled  Humphrey  ;  and  is  stated  to  be  employing 
William  Loyne  as  assistant.  In  this  year  he  is  described 
as  "  a  warm-hearted  and  scholarly  old  clergyman." 

According  to  Markham  ("Fairfax")  he  was  looked 
upon  as  intrusive  at  the  Restoration.  He  was  induced 
to  resign  to  a  Mr.  Wickham,  son  of  a  former  rector,  and 
retired  to  his  private  estate  at  Oglethorpe,  near  Newton 
Kyme,  where  he  died  April  6th,  1665,  aged  78.  He  was 
buried  within  the  altar  rails  of  Bolton  Percy  church. 

45.  FERRET,  Joseph,  or  Joshua*  (1599-1663),  was  ejected 
from  the  Vicarage  of  Pontefract,  All  Saints  (anciently 
called  the  Minster  of  the  North),  near  the  Castle. 

The  royalist  vicar,  Thomas  Fothergill,  having  been 
displaced  at  the  first  siege  of  the  castlet  by  the  Parlia- 
mentarians (December,  1644,  to  March,  1645),  and  the 
Parish  Church  of  All  Saints  "ruinated  and  demolished 
by  the  war  "  ;  Mr.  Ferret  preached  at  St.  Giles'  Chapel 
in  the  market  place,  which  was  made  the  Parish  Church 
by  Act  of  Parliament  28,  George  III.  He  signed  the 
West  Riding  Ministers'  Attestation  (1648),  and  in  the 
Parliamentary  Survey  (1650)  it  was  stated,  "  Mr.  Joseph 
Ferret,  a  painfull,  orthodox  and  pious  minister  is  parson 
there,  by  confirmation  under  the  great  seal,  whose  pains 
have  been  extraordinary  in  the  work  of  the  ministry." 
The  income  of  the  benefice  .was  "  not  above  £20  per  an. 
these  3  years  past " — 1647-1650.  At  the  Restoration  he 
gave  place  to  the  former  incumbent ;  and  was  hospitably 

*  See  Cal.  Contin.,  p.  947. 

t  There  were  twelve  royalist  ministers  in  the  castle.  The  second  siege 
was  March  nth  to  July,  1645  ;  the  third,  at  which  Cromwell  was  present, 
was  in  1648- 


56     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

received  by  Mr.  Leonard  Ward,  at  the  old  mansion 
called  The  Court,  where  he  held  religious  meetings,  and 
died  in  1663,  aged  sixty-four.  He  was  a  constant,  laborious 
preacher,  of  competent  gifts  and  learning;  was  in 
great  straits  after  his  ejectment,  but  did  not  part  with 
his  library,  which  was  a  very  good  one. 

Walker    says    that    the    former   vicar   got    back    his 
living,    but   did  not   return    to    it,    quitting    it    to    Dr. 
Drake,  "  to  whose  assistance  in  this  undertaking  "  ('  The 
Sufferings    of  the  Clergy '),  says  Walker,  "  I  owe  more 
than  can  be  repaid  him  by  this  acknowledgment,  though 
the  most  public  one  that  I  am  capable  of  making  him  " 
(p.  150).     "  Samuel  Drake,  M.A.,  vice  Joseph  Firra  res., 
presented  April  6,  13   C.  II.  pat."     Drake  was  son  of 
Nathan  Drake,  of  Godley,  Halifax  (the   Diarist  of  the 
siege  of  Pontefract) ;  who  was  educated  at  St.  John's 
College,    Cambridge,   expelled   from   his  fellowship  for 
refusing  the  covenant,  and  was  in  arms  for  the  king  at 
Newark.    He  was,  nevertheless,  minister  of  South  Kirby, 
near  Pontefract,  during  the  later  years  of  the  Common- 
wealth,   "a   painful   preaching   minister"    (Pari.   Sur.). 
His  predecessor  was  George  Beaumont,  whom  Walker 
places  among  his  sufferers,  and  it  was  at  his  house  that 
the  plan  of  surprising  the  castle  by  Col.  John  Morris  was 
discussed.     "  Mr.  Beaumont,  parson  of  Kirby,  is  appre- 
hended for  holding  cypher  intelligence  with  the  enemy 
in  the  castle,  the  matter  is  clear  and  I  think  the  gallows 
will   shortly  have  him"  (Margetts).     He  was  hanged 
before  the  walls  of  the  castle,  and  buried  at  South  Kirby, 
February   18th,   1649.     At   the    Restoration   Drake  was 
created    D.D.  of  St.  John's   College,    Cambridge,  by  a 
Royal   diploma,  for  his   own   and    his   father's   loyalty, 
collated  to  a  prebendal  stall  in  York  Minster  and  in  the 
collegiate  church  of  Southwell.     He  died  in  1679,  and 
was  succeeded  by  his  son  Francis,  father  of  the  author  of 
"  Eboracum." 

46.  FIDO,    Anthony   (1640-1715),    was    ejected    from    the 
Vicarage  of  Hemingbrough,  five  miles  from  Selby. 


MINISTERS   EJECTED    IN   YORKSHIRE.  57 

He  was  born  at  Stamford-upon-Teeme,  in  Worcester- 
shire, August  20th,  1640  ;  his  father  being  a  gentleman 
of  considerable  estate.  He  received  his  education  at 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  where  he  was  deemed 
qualified  for  a  fellowship,  with  a  considerable  living  in 
the  county  of  Cambridge ;  but  he  lost  these  preferments 
at  the  Restoration,  being  then  ready  to  take  his  degree. 

M  He  was  resident  in  the  house  of  Sir  George  Twistle- 
ton,  of  Kent,  and  a  devisee  under  his  will.  Through  the 
Twisletons  of  Barlow  he  was  thus  brought  into  close 
proximity  to  Hemingbrough,  and  it  is  by  no  means 
improbable  that  he  officiated  there  for  a  while,  although 
his  name  never  appears  in  the  parish  books  "  (-V  History 
of  Hemingbrough,"  ed.  by  Raine,  1888). 

After  Bartholomew's  Day  he  was  chaplain  in  a  gentle- 
man's family,  and  preached  in  various  parts  of  England. 
About  the  year  1684  he  came  to  London  and  ministered 
to  a  small  congregation  in  a  hall,  or  room,  near  Pater- 
noster Row;  where  he  continued  his  labours,  with 
assistance  in  his  later  years,  up  to  the  time  of  his  death. 
His  tombstone  in  Bunhill  Fields  had  this  inscription, 
which  seems,  however,  in  some  points  of  questionable 
accuracy : 

11  Here  lieth  interred  the  body  of  the  Reverend  and  learned 
Divine,  Mr.  Anthony  Fido,  who  till  the  year  1660  was  a  Fellow  of 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge ;  but  soon  after  (his  conscience  not 
permitting  him  to  comply  with  the  Act  commonly  known  by  the 
name  of  the  Bartholomew  Act)  he  resigned  not  only  his  Fellowship 
but  also  a  considerable  living  he  was  then  in  possession  of  in  the 
County  of  Cambridge;  and  since  that  time  he  has  continued  a 
minister  of  the  Gospel  in  several  parts  of  England,  but  the  last 
thirty  years  of  his  life  in  the  city  of  London.  He  died  a  Bachelor 
on  the  17th  day  of  January,  1714-5,  aged  75  years." 

He  had  an  elder  brother,  John  Fido,  who  was  ejected 
from  Whittlebury,  Northamptonshire. 

47.  FISHER,   James    (         -1667),   was    ejected    from    the 
Vicarage  of  Sheffield. 

In  his  younger  days  he  was  minister  in  London ;  and 
joining   with   another   it   so   fell   out    when    the   other 


58     YORKSHIRE  P URITA NISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMIT Y. 

minister  preached  great  multitudes  flocked  to  hear  him, 
whilst  Mr.  Fisher  had  very  few  auditors.  Inquiring  the 
reason  of  one  of  the  parish  he  was  answered,  "  Sir,  you 
do  but  preach  the  old  hum-drum  doctrines  of  faith  and 
repentance;  but  the  other  preaches  Dispensation 
Truths."  This,  remarks  Calamy,  "  much  affected  him, 
as  it  must  needs  do  any  man  that  hath  to  do  with 
persons  of  a  like  stamp  and  character,  who  matter  not 
ministers  a  rush,  if  their  preaching  suits  not  their  vitiated 
palate." 

He  was  living  at  Clipsham,  in  Rutlandshire,  in  1640, 
when  he  married  Elizabeth  Hatfield,  sister  of  Anthony 
Hatfield,  of  Laughton-en-le-Morthen.*  Owing  probably 
to  this  connection  he  afterwards  "succeeded  worthy  Mr. 
Towler  [Thomas  Toller]  and  Mr.  Bright,  and  walked  in 
their  steps,  preaching  usefully  and  living  exemplarily.f 
His  immediate  predecessor,  however,  was  Thomas 
Birkbeck,  who  removed  to  Ackworth  in  1646. 

He  signed  the  West  Riding  Ministers'  Attestation  in 
1648.  "An  able,  constant  preacher"  (Pari.  Sur.). 
About  this  time  his  views  on  church-government  appear 
to  have  undergone  a  change,  and  he  became  "  Congrega- 
tional in  his  judgment."  While  still  holding  his  office 
as  vicar  he  formed  an  independent  society  or  church,  of 
which  he  acted  as  pastor  before  the  year  1652.  The 
year  following  he  published  a  book  entitled  "  The  Wise 
Virgin  ;  or  a  Wonderful  Narration  concerning  Martha 
Hatfield  "  (daughter  of  Anthony  Hatfield,  of  Laughton), 
London,  1653.     She  was  supposed  to  have  made  some 

*  Another  sister  of  Anthony  Hatfield  was  wife  of  Stephen  Bright,  of 
Carbrook,  Sheffield ;  who  was  brother  of  John  Bright,  M.A.,  vicar  of 
Sheffield,  also  father  of  Col.  Sir  John  Bright,  and  Mary,  wife  of  William 
Jessop,  of  Broomhall,  the  patron  of  the  living. 

f  Thomas  Toller  was  vicar  forty-six  years  (1589-1635),  and  after  his 
resignation  continued  to  reside  in  Sheffield  till  his  death  (1644).  When 
a  young  man  he  was  associated  with  Richard  Clyfton,  rector  of  Bab- 
worth,  Notts.,  and  subsequently  pastor  of  the  separatist  church  at 
Scrooby ;  and  in  1607  was  presented  before  the  Ecclesiastical  Court  at 
York  on  the  charge  of  being  "a  Presciscian,  if  not  a  Brownist,  no 
observer  of  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer  nor  any  way  conformable  to 
order."     (Hunter,  "  Waddington.")     Bright  was  vicar  from  1635  t0  x^43- 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  59 

wonderful  revelations  in  a  state  of  trance.  In  1654  he 
was  appointed  one  of  the  assistant  commissioners  for 
ejecting  ignorant  and  scandalous  ministers  in  the  West 
Riding. 

After  his  ejection  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity  he  con- 
tinued to  reside  in  Sheffield.  Henry  Newcome,  of 
Manchester,  says  in  his  Diary,  June  21st,  1663  :  "  Mr. 
Fisher  designs  separation,  and  courts  all  the  apostates, 
and  preaches  up  the  Fifth  Monarchy"  (p.  194).  He 
was  harassed  by  incessant  persecution.  He  was  falsely 
accused  of  taking  part  in  the  so-called  Farnley  Wood 
Plot  in  1663,  in  which  year  the  constable's  accounts  for 
Sheffield  contain  the  following  entry  :  "  Charges  about 
Mr.  Fisher,  seekeing  and  carrying  to  Yorke  £1  17s.  6d.  "  ; 
but  no  credible  evidence  against  him  being  afforded  he 
was  released  without  a  trial. 

He  was  summoned  to  the  Sessions  at  Rotherham, 
Doncaster,  Wakefield  and  Pontefract,  and  at  two  Assizes 
at  York,  on  vague  and  indefinite  charges ;  but  some  of 
his  accusers  failed  to  appear  and  others  refused  to  bear 
witness  against  him.  It  is  said  that  a  convicted 
murderer  was  offered  his  life  and  a  sum  of  money  if  he 
"  would  swear  treason  against  Mr.  Fisher  " ;  but  refused, 
saying  "  he  knew  no  harm  of  him,  and  would  sooner  be 
hanged  than  perjure  himself"  ;  and  was  hanged  accord- 
ingly. In  1665  there  were  further  rumours  of  a  plot, 
and  on  account  of  it  he  was  sent  to  York  Castle.  At 
this  time  there  were  above  four-score  prisoners  there  on 
the  same  account,  including  ministers,  colonels,  captains, 
&c.,  brought  from  all  parts  of  the  country.  One  of 
these,  Capt.  John  Hodgson,  of  Coley,  near  Halifax,  tells 
us  in  his  Memoirs  of  several  of  them  dying  of  fever ;  of 
others  keeping  a  Fast  for  London,  then  ravaged  by  the 
plague  ;  and  of  Mr.  Fisher's  sympathy  and  prayers  with 
him  in  his  own  domestic  trouble.  The  health  of  Mr. 
Fisher  suffered  much  from  his  imprisonment,  so  that  he 
did  not  live  long  after  his  release,  which  was  procured 
by  the  interference  of  the  Duke  of  Buckingham.  Unable 
to  return  to  his  own  house  at  Sheffield  because  of  the 


6o    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


Five  Mile  Act,  he  found  a  refuge  with  his  brother-in-law 
at  Laughton,  where  he  was  visited  by  Oliver  Heywood, 
November  12th,  1666  (Diar.  I.  233),  and  died  there  in 
the  following  January. 

He  was  a  man  of  great  piety  and  worth,  an  excellent 
preacher,  and  an  instrument  of  much  good.  He  often 
used  to  say  to  his  children,  "  Take  measure  of  yourselves 
when  you  are  alone."  A  son  of  his  was  a  doctor  in 
practice  at  Sheffield ;  a  daughter  was  the  wife  of  Timothy 
Jolly,  minister  and  tutor ;  a  nephew,  John  Cromwell, 
was  ejected  at  Claworth,  Notts. 

His  gathered  church  gave  rise  to  the  first  society  of 
Dissenters  in  Sheffield,  which  was  under  the  care  of 
Robert  Durant,  ejected  at  Crowle,  Lincolnshire,  who 
had  licence  as  a  Congregationalist  to  teach  in  "  the 
house  of  Fisher"  (1672).  Before  his  death  a  chapel 
was  built  at  Waingate  (New  Hall  Street),  1678,  which 
was  replaced  by  the  Upper  Chapel,  1700.  When  the 
Upper  Chapel  was  built,  Mr.  Thomas  Hollis,  of  London, 
who  always  professed  to  owe  much  to  the  labours  of  Mr. 
Fisher,  bought  the  "  New  Hall,"  and  converted  it  into 
almshouses  for  his  Charity. 

FLAXTON  (108),  ejected  from  Skevringham  (Morrice). 
See  Plaxton. 

48.  FORESIGHT,    was     ejected     from    "  East     Hepsley  " 

(Morrice). 

Either  East  Harlsey,  near  Northallerton  (Wm. 
Robinson,  Pari.  Sur.),  or  East  Haddlesey,  a  chapelry 
of  Birkin-on-Aire,  near  Selby  (Thos.  Pickard,  pres., 
October  27th,  1658). 

49.  FOX,  Thomas. 

There  are  conflicting  statements  as  to  the  benefice 
from  which  he  was  ejected.  Morrice  says  Elloughton, 
nine  miles  west  of  Hull ;  Calamy  (1st  ed.)  says  Ellinton, 
which  may  be  Elvington,  six  miles  east-south-east  of 
York,    or    Ellington,   near    Morpeth,    Northumberland  ; 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  6r 

Poulson  says  Easington,  five  miles  south-east  of  Patring- 
ton.  All  are  probably  mistaken.  Fox,  who  is  described 
as  "  one  of  a  holy  life,  and  a  good  preacher,"  was  pre- 
sented by  the  Lord  Protector,  on  July  16th,  1658,  to 
Seathorn,  which  is  presumably  to  be  identified  with 
Owthorne,  five  miles  north-east  of  Patrington,  and 
adjacent  to  Withernsea.  His  certificate  is  signed  by 
Francis  Proud,  Samuel  Proud  (Patrington),  Robert 
Johnson  (Bainton),  Peter  Clark  (Kirby  Underdale), 
Caleb  Wilkinson  (Hutton  Bushell).  His  successor, 
Richard  Coates,  was  presented  1661. 

50.  GiVRGRAVE,     Cotton    (         -1682),   ejected    from   the 
Vicarage  of  Kippax,  five  miles  from  Leeds. 

He  is  not  mentioned  by  Calamy,  but  has  been  often 
spoken  of  as  one  of  the  nonconforming  ministers.  He 
was  grandson  of  Sir  Cotton  Gargrave,  owner  of  Nostell 
Priory,  and  was  vicar  during  the  Protectorate,  after  John 
Hart,  "an  able  and  painfull  preacher"  (Pari.  Sur.),  pre- 
sented by  the  late  king.  The  Parish  Register  is  wanting 
between  1643  and  1653.  But  in  it  the  names  of  several 
of  his  family  are  found  between  1653  and  1662  : 

1653.  Nov.  17.    Averill,  daughter  of  Cotton  Gargrave 

minister  bur. 

1654.  Sept.  21.     Arthur,  sone  of  Mr  Cotton  Gargrave 

vicar  of  Kippax  bapt. 
1656.     April  28.     Thomas  son  of  Mr  C.  G.  min.  bapt. 
1659.     Oct.    17.     Francis    son    of    Cotton    Gargrave 

minister  of  Kippax  bapt.  (see  post.). 
In  1653  William  Freeman  was  appointed  registrar; 
he  was  son  of  John  Freeman,  clerk  of  Kippax,  and 
admitted  to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  as  pensioner, 
February  12th,  1649-50,  aet.  21 ;  and  the  following  entries 
were  made  by  him  : 

Everata  filia  Gulielmi  Freeman  twv  ttcu&wv  SiSao-xaAov 
sepulta  fuit  vicessimo  die  Decembris  1660  de 
pustulis  sive  variis,  obiit  suavissima  mea  Eve  de 
exanthematibus. 


62    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Franciscus  filius  Cottoni  Gargrave  verbi  divini  ministri 
sepulta  est  tertio  die  Jan.,  de  eodem  morbo  obiit 
quo  mea  dulcissima  Everelda  (Jan.  2,  1661). 
1661.     Feb.    24.     Everata,  wife   of  Cotton   Gargrave 

minister,  bur. 
Tombstones  of  Averell  (1653)  and  the  last-named  are 
still  in  existence.     [Leeds  Mercury  Suppl.,  Nov.,  1894.] 

In  1662,  November  25th,  Thomas  Hunt  was  presented 
to  the  living  by  Charles  II.,  and  continued  till  1672.  The 
last  entry  pertaining  to  the  old  vicar  is  1681-2,  March  13  : 
"  Mr  Cotton  Gargrave  sepult."  It  thus  appears  that  he 
continued  to  live  at  Kippax  about  twenty  years  after  his 
ejection.  His  son  Thomas  had  a  son  Cotton  baptised 
there  in  1696. 

51.  GARNET,  John,  M.A.,  ejected  from  the  Free  Grammar 

School,  Leeds. 

He  was  educated  at  Christ's  College,  Cambridge; 
appointed  master  in  1G51 ;  married  a  daughter  of  Robert 
Todd;  ejected  from  St.  John's  Church,  Leeds;  and 
removed  from  his  office  in  1662,  when  Michael  Gilbert, 
M.A.,  took  his  place.  Calamy  also  mentions  a  Mr. 
Atkinson,  assistant  master,  as  ejected  at  the  same  time. 
Garnet  was  very  useful  in  his  station,  and  made  above 
£100  per  annum  of  his  school,  which  furnished  both 
Church  and  State  with  several  eminent  persons  that 
were  by  him  fitted  for  the  ministry.  Thoresby  (born 
1658)  speaks  of  his  own  education  "  in  a  private 
Grammar  School  at  the  north  end  of  the  great  stone 
bridge,"  under  the  Rev.  Robert  Garnet,  of  Christ's 
College,  Cambridge. 

52.  GUNTER,  John,  LL.B.  (1625-1688),  was  ejected  from 

the  Rectory  of  Bedale. 

He  was  a  native  of  Berkshire;  educated  first  in 
London,  afterwards  at  Eton,  whence  he  went  to  Queen's 
College,  Cambridge  (incorporated  July  4th,  1648),  where 
he  took  his  degree  of  B.C.L.,  June  nth,  1649,  and  was 
made    Fellow    of    New   College    by  the   Parliamentary 


MINISTERS   EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  63 

visitors  in  1650.  Here  he  was  chamber-fellow  with  the 
learned  Stephen  Charnock,  whose  Memoirs  he  subse- 
quently wrote,  and  bursar  to  the  College.  He  was  also 
at  St.  John's  College,  Oxford  (incorporated  1652).  On 
the  recommendation  of  Dr.  John  Goodwin,  President  of 
Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  he  became  chaplain  to  the 
English  factory  of  Merchant  Adventurers  at  Hamburgh ; 
but  not  having  good  health,  he  remained  only  two  years, 
and  returned  to  his  fellowship  at  New  College,  where  he 
continued  till  he  was  presented  by  Lord  Wharton  to  the 
rectory  of  Waddesdon,  Bucks.  Oliver,  the  Protector, 
hearing  his  name,  which  he  said  he  respected  for  his 
uncle  Major  Gunter's  sake,  sent  for  him  to  preach  before 
him,  made  him  his  chaplain,  and  preferred  him  to  the 
rich  living  of  Bedale. 

At  the  Restoration  Charles  II.  presented  Dr.  Peter 
Samwaies  (vice  William  Metcalfe,  dec),  August  28th, 
C.  II.  Gunter  then  removed  to  Whittlebury,  in  North- 
amptonshire, where  he  was  silenced  in  1662.  He  was 
hospitably  received  by  Lord  Wharton,  and  made  his 
steward,  residing  at  Healaugh,  near  Tadcaster,  his 
lordship's  Yorkshire  seat.  Like  Charnock  and  Goodwin, 
he  was  a  Congregationalist,  and  had  licence  as  a  Con- 
gregational teacher  in  his  own  house  at  Healaugh  (1672). 
When  at  home  (for  his  duties  as  steward  required  him 
to  make  frequent  journeys)  he  preached  constantly  and 
gratuitously  to  the  poor  people  of  the  neighbourhood. 
He  sometimes  also  preached  at  Leeds.  Thoresby  heard 
him  preach  at  Knaresborough  Spa  on  August  6th,  1682, 
and  says  of  himself  that  on  that  occasion  he  was  "  some- 
what disturbed  with  the  sight  of  an  informer  who  got 
cunningly  into  the  meeting"  (Diar.  I.  130).  Being 
acquainted  with  John,  Earl  of  Rochester,  he  solemnly 
remonstrated  with  him  on  his  reckless  conduct,  for 
which  the  Earl,  when  on  his  death-bed,  expressed  to 
him  his  deepest  remorse.  He  himself  died  in  London, 
November  27th,  1688,  aged  sixty-three,  and  was  buried 
in  the  Wharton  vault  at  Healaugh.  He  was  a  person  of 
great  learning  and  worth,  and  of  fine  abilities ;  eminent 


64     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

for  piety,  prudence,  and  temperance,  constant  and  serious 
in  the  devotions  of  the  closet  and  the  family  ;  and  a  great 
blessing  in  the  places  where  he  successively  lived  and 
laboured. 

Besides  the  Memoir  of  Charnock,  he  published  "  The 
Broken  Heart;  or  Grand  Sacrifice,  on  Ps.  li.  16,  17," 
1643  ;  "  Britain's  Remembrancer,"  1644  ;  "  A  Sovereign 
Remedy  for  a  Sick  Commonwealth,"  1649 ;  "  The  Princess 
Royal,"  1650;  and  "The  Just  Man's  Fall  and  Recovery," 
1681. 

He  was  brother  to  Humphrey  Gunter,  M.A.,  who  was 
ejected  from  his  fellowship  in  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
and  also  on  intimate  terms  with  Lord  Wharton ;  and  his 
sister  was  the  wife  of  Robert  Hickson,  an  eminent  non- 
conformist at  Leeds,  and  was  spoken  of  by  Thoresby  as 
"  the  flower  of  our  female  flock,  a  virtuous,  good,  holy, 
wise,  prudent  woman,  of  vast  parts  and  abilities,  and 
indeed  above  encomiums."     (Diar.  I.  97.) 

53.  HAINES,  was   ejected   from   the   Perpetual  Curacy   of 

Walton,  two  and  a-half  miles  from  Wetherby. 

This  place  was  notable  for  its  Roman  Catholic 
tendencies  (Speight:  "Lower  Wharfedale,"  p.  390). 
In  the  Parliamentary  Survey  it  was  stated,  "  Mr.  Robert 
Chambers  is  incumbent  there,  a  man  of  evil  life  and 
conversation,  who  preacheth  not  above  four  times  a 
year,  and  he  frequently  useth  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer  "  (1650).  He  was  doubtless  removed  from  his 
place.  A  John  Haynes  was  preaching  minister  at 
Flambro'  (Pari.  Sur.),  and  Assistant  Commissioner,  East 
Riding. 

54.  HANCOCK,  Rowland  (         -1685),  was  ejected  from  the 

Vicarage  of  Ecclesfield,  Sheffield. 

He  was  at  first  an  undermaster  of  the  Grammar 
School  at  Sheffield ;  on  the  death  of  Imanuel  Knutton, 
November  28th,  1655  (who  replaced  Thomas  Wright, 
M.A.,  presented  in  1638  and  sequestered  in   1643),  "  a 


MINISTERS   EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  65 

godly  and  well-deserving  minister  "  (Pari.  Sur.),  he  was 
appointed  to  this  living. 

At  the  Restoration  he  vacated  it  for  the  former  incum- 
bent. In  the  following  year  the  Burgesses  of  Sheffield 
elected  him  as  one  of  the  assistants  at  the  Parish  Church 
(April  22nd,  1661),  but  subsequently  chose  Mr.  Barney, 
who  had  been  formerly  an  assistant ;  he  afterwards 
preached  at  Bradfield,  where  the  Act  of  Uniformity 
silenced  him ;  he  continued  for  some  time  in  that  neigh- 
bourhood, and  often  preached  at  Brookside,  a  very 
retired  nook  in  that  chapelry. 

He  then  became  tenant  of  Shiercliffe  Hall,  Pitsmoor, 
Sheffield,  and  was  accustomed  to  hold  religious  services 
therein.  On  the  passing  of  the  Five  Mile  Act  he  found 
refuge  with  Sylvanus  Rich,  of  Bullhouse,  Penistone. 
Heywood  found  him  visiting  Clayton,  at  Rotherham,  in 
1666.  When  preaching  at  Alverthorpe,  near  Wakefield, 
May  31st,  1668,  he  was  taken  by  two  Justices  of  the 
Peace,  one  of  whom  was  Mr.  Copley,  of  Batley,  and  was 
sent  with  two  other  prisoners  to  York  Castle,  where  he 
continued  for  some  time  (Diar.  I.  255).  He  had  licence 
as  a  Presbyterian  teacher  in  his  own  house  at  Shiercliffe 
Hall  (June  1st,  1672)*  ;  and  in  1676  Matthew  Bloome,  of 
Attercliffe,  joined  him  in  forming  there  a  Congregational 
church,  of  which  they  were  joint  pastors. 

On  July  28th,  1676,  a  meeting  was  held  at  Shiercliffe 
Hall,  when,  after  a  sermon  by  Mr.  Bloome,  rules  were 
drawn  up  for  the  guidance  of  the  church,  and  signed  by 
Rowland  Hancock,  Matthew  Bloome,  ministers.  The 
persons  who  then  joined  the  fellowship  of  the  Church 
were : — 

John  Hatfield  .     Joseph  Capper 

Mrs.  Antonina  Hatfield         Joseph  Nutt 

Mrs.  Hancock  Robert  Hool,  tanner 

Mrs.  Jennet  Bloome  Widow  Hoole 

*  Shiercliffe  Hall  was  about   a  mile  from  Sheffield,   on   the  way  to 
Penistone.     It  stood  on  the  top  of  a  hill.     Of  the  original  edifice  nothing 
remains  ;  but  a  good  house  has  been  built  on  or  near  the  site,  which  still 
retains  the  name.    (Hunter.) 
F 


66   YORKSHIRE  P  TJRTTA  NISM  A  ND  EA  RL  Y  NONCONFORMITY. 

Wm.  Hoole,  cutler  Mary  Nicholson,  widow 

Robert  Hoole,  his  brother     Hannah  Cox 
Wm.  Wordsworth  Margaret  Parkin 

Mary  Wordsworth  Margaret  Sharp 

William  Marsland  John  Oddie 

(Hunter  :  "  Hallamshire,"  288.) 
and  thirty-four   others    immediately   afterwards    joined 
themselves  to  this  society. 

Some  dispute  arising  between  Mr.  Hancock  and  Mr. 
Bloome,  the  congregation  divided,  and  Mr.  Bloome 
became  sole  pastor  of  the  church  meeting  at  Attercliffe 
(Heywood  :  Diar.  II.  98,  238),  while  Hancock  continued 
services  at  Shiercliffe  Hall.  At  the  ordination  of  Timothy 
Jolly  (who  succeeded  Fisher  and  Durant  at  Sheffield), 
Hancock,  of  Brightside,  and  Bloome,  of  Attercliffe,  were 
both  present  and  took  part  therein,  April  26th,  1681. 

In  the  latter  part  of  his  life  Hancock  was  seized  with 
palsy,  and  languished  under  very  painful  disorders,  which 
he  bore  with  invincible  patience ;  died  April  14th,  1685, 
and  was  buried  at  the  Parish  Church.  He  was  a  very 
pious  man,  of  excellent  natural  abilities  and  tolerable 
learning,  though  he  had  not  a  University  education.  His 
sermons  were  succinct,  methodical  and  elaborate. 

His  daughter,  Mary,  married  Joseph  Banks  (August  5th, 
1689),  an  attorney,  of  Sheffield  ("  Hallamshire,"  p.  394), 
who  resided  at  Shiercliffe  Hall,  and  became  a  member 
of  Parliament  for  Grimsby  and  for  Totness ;  d.  1727, 
aged  62.  Her  descendant  was  the  Rt.  Hon.  Sir  Joseph 
Banks,  Bart.,  President  of  the  Royal  Society. 

55.  HARDCASTLE,  Thomas,  B.A.  (1637-1678),  wasejected 
from  the  Vicarage  of  Bvamliam^  four  miles  from 
Wetherby  (but  the  "  Dictionary  of  National  Bio- 
graphy "  says  Bramley). 

He  was  son  of  John  Hardcastle,  yeoman,  and  born  at 
Berwick-in-Elmet,  near  Leeds  ;  bred  at  Sherburn  for  two 
months  (?),  Mr.  Ginnings,  master;  admitted  to  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge ;  sizar  for  Mr.  Creswick ;  tutor,  Mr. 
Fogg,  June  15th,  1652,  aet.   15 ;  he  was  also  instructed 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  67 

by  Nathaniel  Jackson,  of  Barwick,  "a  godly,  learned  and 
painfull  preacher"  (Pari.  Sur.) ;  B.A.,  1655. 

He  was  probably  put  into  this  living  on  the  sequestra 
tion  of  George  Hodgson,  M.A.,  pres.  November  9th 
1630 ;  "  no  preaching  minister,  he  sometimes  hires  Mr 
George  Crosdale  to  supply,  at  4s.  a  sermon."  (Pari 
Sur.) 

At  the  Restoration  he  gave  way  to  the  former  incum 
bent,  and  became  chaplain  to  Lady  Barwick,  ofToulston 
Tadcaster  (see  Calvert,  Thomas) ;  "  to  whom,"  as  he  sub 
sequently  wrote,  "  I  must  own  myself  to  be  much  obliged 
and  no  less  to  the  right  honourable  Lord  Henry  Fairfax 
her  son-in-law,  and  my  constant  and  faithful  friend  in  my 
sufferings  for  Christ."     He  was  but  a  young  preacher 
when  silenced  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity,  but  was  a  man 
of  good  abilities  and  of  a  bold  spirit,  fearing  no  danger ;  of 
great  moderation  and  catholicity  and  his  zeal  provoked 
many.     He  was  seven  times  imprisoned  for  Christ  and  a 
good  conscience  after  his  ejection. 

He  preached  for  a  time  at  Shadwell  Chapel,  in  the 
parish  of  Thorner,  near  Leeds,  in  the  absence  of  a  regular 
minister.  The  Pari.  Sur.  states  of  Thorner,  that  Mr. 
Robert  Sowell  was  then  (1650)  vicar,  "  a  preaching 
minister,  scandalous  and  supposed  to  be  disaffected." 
In  August,  1665,  Hardcastle  was  apprehended  at  Leeds 
"for  his  public  work  "  at  Shadwell  (Heywood  :  Diar.  I. 
198).  The  warrant  under  which  he  and  twenty-four 
other  persons  were  arrested,  he  for  preaching  and  they 
for  hearing,  was  signed  by  Sir  John  Armitage  of  Kirklees, 
Sir  John  Kay  of  Woodsome,  Francis  White  and  J.  N. 
(Slate's  "  Life  of  Heywood,"  p.  384). 

He  was  taken  a  second  time  in  the  following  January 
and  carried  prisoner  to  York.  During  his  absence  Hey- 
wood frequently  preached  at  Shadwell. 

On  January  21st,  1667-8,  he  was  again  taken  at  a  meet- 
ing at  Leeds,  and  was  visited  by  Heywood  in  the  house 
of  correction  at  Wakefield,  who  "  dined  with  him  in  his 
reproachful  prison,"  and  they  had  much  intercourse 
together  (Diar.  I.  248). 


68     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Heywood  again  visited  him  in  prison  at  Leeds,  May 
27th,  1668  (I.  255). 

He  suffered  about  eight  months'  imprisonment  in  York 
Castle ;  and  then,  because  he  would  not  give  bond  not  to 
preach  any  more,  as  some  ministers  his  fellow-prisoners 
did  to  get  free,  he  was  carried  thence  out  of  his  county 
eighty  miles  to  Chester  Castle,  where  he  was  kept  fifteen 
months  more  close  prisoner,  when  by  an  order  from  the 
King,  through  the  intercession  of  Sir  George  Booth, 
Lord  Delamere,  he  was  released  without  bond. 

He  then  came  to  London  in  company  with  John 
Ryther,  of  Thornton,  near  Bradford  (1669),  and  about 
this  time  he  married  a  daughter  of  Lieut. -Gen.  Gerard,  a 
Baptist ;  he  himself  became  a  Baptist,  and  joined  the 
fellowship  of  the  church  of  which  Henry  Jessey  had  been 
pastor. 

He  was  again  arrested  under  the  Conventicle  Act  and 
imprisoned  for  six  months. 

On  August  20th,  1671,  he  became  pastor  of  the  Broad- 
mead  Baptist  Church,  Bristol,  and  ministered  success- 
fully there  for  over  seven  years. 

"  For  the  defence  of  the  Gospel  he  was  twice  impri- 
soned at  Bristol,  two  six  months,  still  preaching  as  soon 
as  ever  he  came  forth  and  so  continued  till  his  death." 

He  died  of  pneumonia,  very  suddenly,  September  29th, 
1678  (Broadmead  Records). 

As  an  instance  of  his  catholicity  of  spirit  in  not  making 
Baptism  a  term  of  Church-communion,  as  was  done  by 
many,  it  is  stated  that  "  when  he  visited  his  own  country, 
upon  being  consulted  by  a  relation  of  his  as  to  whom  he 
should  join  with  he  persuaded  him  to  hold  communion 
with  Mr.  Christopher  Marshall  (pastor  of  the  Topcliffe 
Church,  who  died  in  1673)  rather  than  with  the  Baptists 
(Palmer,  III.  527).* 

He  printed  two  discourses  of  Richard  Garbut,  B.D.  (a 
devoted  assistant  minister  at  Leeds  Parish  Church  who 


*  I  doubt  whether  there  was  any  Baptist  Church  in  Yorks.  at  that  time, 
before  1678. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN    YORKSHIRE.  69 


died  in  1630),  entitled,  "  One  come  from  the  Dead  to 
awaken  Drunkards  "  (1675),  wltn  a  Preface  by  the  Editor, 
in  which  he  mentions  his  having  many  friends  at  Ponte- 
fract,  Hull,  Beverley,  York,  &c,  to  whom  his  labours 
had  been  useful;  also  an  Epistle  to  the  Reader  by 
Richard  Baxter.  He  also  published  a  treatise  on 
Matthew  vi.  24,  entitled,  "  Christian  Geography  and 
Arithmetic  "  ;  and  a  Preface  to  Vavasor  Powell's  Con- 
cordance. 

One  of  the  earliest  members  of  the  Topcliffe  Church 
was  John  Hardcastle  (d.  1664).  It  is  believed  that  Mr. 
Thomas  Hardcastle,  the  first  Treasurer  of  the  London 
Missionary  Society,  was  one  of  this  family.  [Principal 
Authority,  the  Broadmead  Church-Book.] 

56.  HAWDEN,  William  (1615-1699},  was  ejected  from  the 
Vicarage  of  Brodsworth,  four  miles  from  Doncaster. 

He  was  born  at  Holbeck,  near  Leeds.  He  signed  the 
West  Riding  Ministers'  Attestation  as  minister  of  Brods- 
worth  (1648),  also  a  Memorial  against  the  Engagement 
(1649)  ;  and  the  Parliamentary  Survey  states  that  "  he 
faithfully  performs  the  cure." 

After  his  ejection  he  continued  to  reside  at  Brodsworth  ; 
Hey  wood  travelled  with  him  in  his  journey  into  Lan- 
cashire, September,  1666.  After  the  passing  of  the  Five 
Mile  Act,  he  went  to  Sherburn-in-Elmet,  where  Thomas 
Johnson,  M.A.,  was  ejected  (John  Baynespres.,  September 
nth,  1662) ;  and  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian  to  preach 
there  "  at  a  certain  house  called  Whitehouse  or  any 
other "  (May  9th,  1672) ;  the  house  of  Hiram  Dufneld 
being  also  licensed  (July  25th).  On  the  recall  of  the 
licences  he  removed  to  Wakefield,  where  he  lived  during 
the  remainder  of  his  life,  and  preached  both  at  home  and 
abroad  so  long  as  he  was  able. 

He  held  meetings  with  Heywood  in  1676,  and  was 
often  visited  by  him  in  succeeding  years.  When  the 
Duke  of  Monmouth  landed  in  1685,  he  was  with  many 
others  sent  prisoner  to  Hull,  and  thence  conveyed  to 
York  Castle,  where  the  Commissioners  required  him  to 


70    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

find  sureties  for  his  good  behaviour,  which  he  peremptorily 
refused  to  do,  knowing  no  occasion  for  it ;  but  the  matter 
was  compromised  upon  a  friend's  passing  his  word  for  him. 
Under  the  Toleration  Act  his  house  was  certified  as  a 
place  of  meeting  for  Protestant  Dissenters  (July,  1689).  * 
He  took  part  in  an  Ordination  Service  at  Alverthorpe 
the  same  year  (September  4th) ;  and  was  present  at  a 
meeting  of  ministers  held  at  Mrs.  Kirkby's  for  promoting 
a  happy  agreement  between  Presbyterians  and  Indepen- 
dents in  1691.  For  the  last  eight  or  ten  years  his  sight 
failed  him.  He  died  August  26th,  1699,  aged  84;  and 
was  buried  in  the  burial  ground  of  St.  Mary's  Chapel, 
Morley,  where  his  gravestone  bore  the  inscription,  "  The 
righteous  hath  hope  in  His  death."  He  was  a  sound 
orthodox  divine,  a  great  hater  of  vice,  a  zealous  promoter 
of  what  was  good,  and  a  man  of  great  magnanimity  and 
resolution. 

57.  HAWKSWORTH,   Thomas,  M.A.  (  -1667),  was 

ejected  from  the  Curacy  of  Hunskt  Chapel  (built  in  1636). 

He  was  educated  at  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge; 
M.A.,  1635  ;  appointed  curate  of  Hunslet  in  1636 ;  driven 
away  by  the  royalist  soldiers  (Markham's  "  Fairfax," p.  92) ; 
signed  the  West  Riding  Ministers'  Attestation  in  1648 ; 
"  a  painfull  minister  "  (Pari.  Sur.)  ;  signed  a  certificate 
of  the  "  Classical  Presbytery"  at  Adel,  near  Leeds  (with 
Elkanah  Wales,  Robert  Todd  and  George  Crosby),  of  the 
ordination  of  Thomas  Johnson,  then  minister  at  Great 
Houghton  (October  31st,  1655). 

The  Act  of  Uniformity  silenced  him,  and  the  Five  Mile 
Act  drove  him  from  home,  when  he  retired  to  Alverthorpe, 
near  Wakefield,  and  died  there  November  13th,  1667. 
"Two  eminent  servants  of  God  are  dead,"  wrote 
Heywood,  "  Mr.  Hawksworth,  minister  formerly  at 
Hunslet,  buried  there  yesterday,  and  Mr.  Smallwood, 
formerly  minister  at  Batley,  buried  this  day ;  the  former 
died  at  Alverthorpe  Hall  on  Saturday  afternoon,  Novern- 

*  Also  by  him  house  of  William  Kirby,  January,  1690. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  71 

ber  23,  the  latter  at  Flansill  (Flanshaw),  November 
24,  on  Lord's  Day  in  the  afternoon ;  not  a  quarter  of 
a  mile  distant  and  not  a  day  betwixt  their  deaths,  this 
is  November  26,  1667."  He  was  an  able,  judicious 
preacher,  and  an  instrument  of  good  to  many ;  a  good 
scholar,  an  excellent  Hebrician,  a  pious  man  and  of  a 
very  peaceable  temper.  His  son  Israel  Hawksworth 
lived  with  him  at  Hunslet. 

58.  HEPWORTH,  John,   was  ejected   from  the  Curacy  of 

Letwell,  in    the    parish    of    Laughton-en-le-Morthen ; 
and  afterwards  conformed. 

There  was  "no  minister  here,"  at  the  time  of  the 
Parliamentary  Survey,  but  "  Mr.  Thomas  Spencer,  of 
Firbeck,  supplies  it." 

59.  HEY  WOOD,  Oliver,  B.A.  (1630-1702),  was  ejected  from 

the  Chapelry  of  Coley,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax. 

He  was  son  of  Richard  and  Alice  Heywood;  born 
at  Little  Lever,  near  Bolton,  Lancashire,  and  baptized 
at  Bolton  Parish  Church,  without  the  sign  of  the  cross, 
March  15th,  1629-30 ;  trained  up  under  Puritan  influences  ; 
admitted  to  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  July  gth,  1647, 
and  in  due  course  graduated  B.A. 

In  1650,  at  the  invitation  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
Chapelry  of  Coley  ("vacant,"  Pari.  Sur.),  he  became 
their  minister ;  was  ordained  in  the  Presbyterian  manner 
at  Bury,  Lanes.,  August  4th,  1652 ;  and  applied  himself 
diligently  to  his  pastoral  duties.  At  first  he  resided  at 
Landimere,  Shelf;  afterwards  at  Godley  House,  with  his 
brother  Nathaniel  (who  had  become  minister  at  Illing- 
worth  Chapel  in  the  same  parish) ;  and  then  in  a  house 
at  Northowram,  which,  after  some  years'  absence,  he 
possessed  as  his  own.  While  residing  here  (1655),  he 
married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  "  holy  and  peace- 
able Mr.  Angier,"  of  Denton  Chapel,  Manchester.  In 
1657  he  made  an  attempt  "to  set  up  discipline,"  by 
admitting  to  the  Lord's  Supper  those  only  who  afforded 
evidence   of  personal   piety;    and   with   some   difficulty 


72     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


succeeded.  The  names  of  "such  as  sat  down  with  us" 
have  been  preserved,  numbering  seventy-three.  After 
the  Presbyterian  rising  under  Sir  George  Booth  (1659), 
on  behalf  of  Charles  II.,  he  was  apprehended  by  Lilburn's 
soldiers ;  but  kept  under  confinement  only  a  single  night. 
After  the  Restoration  (1660)  he  continued  to  minister 
at  Coley  Chapel,  though  he  was  much  troubled  for  not 
using  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer.  He  was  thrice  served 
with  citations  to  appear  at  the  Consistory  Court  at  York, 
and  suspended  from  exercising  his  ministry  in  the  diocese ; 
the  suspension  being  published  in  the  Parish  Church  of 
Halifax,  on  Sunday,  June  29th,  1662.  Shortly  before  this 
he  had  been  compelled  to  leave  his  house  at  Northowram, 
and  had  been  deprived  by  death  of  his  excellent  wife 
(1661),  who  left  him  with  two  sons,  John  and  Eleazer. 
When  silenced  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity,  he  was 
excommunicated  by  the  Court  at  York,  the  sentence 
being  read  in  the  Parish  Church,  November  2nd,  1662. 
This  sentence  exposed  him  to  severe  penalties  if 
he  partook  of  the  Lord's  Supper,  or  even  attended 
public  worship.  On  going  into  Coley  Chapel  he  was 
commanded  by  a  churchwarden  to  avoid  the  place,  and 
fined  for  staying  away.  Dr.  Hook,  the  High  Church 
Vicar  of  Halifax,  treated  him  with  much  discourtesy 
and  harshness,  and  when  both  were  invited  to  dine  at 
Shipden  Hall,  refused  to  eat  with  him  as  an  excommuni- 
cated person.  After  preaching  in  Lancashire,  a  sentence 
of  excommunication  in  the  Diocese  of  Chester  was  read 
in  Bolton  Church,  January  4th,  1663.  His  adversaries 
next  obtained  a  writ  to  apprehend  him ;  but  although 
it  gave  him  some  annoyance,  it  was  not  put  into 
execution.  He  continued  to  preach  in  private;  and 
often  during  the  next  few  years  ventured  into  the  pulpits 
of  various  parochial  chapels  on  the  invitation  of 
ministers  or  congregations.  The  following  chapels  are 
specified : — Idle  (near  Bradford) ;  Bramhope  (private 
chapel)  and  Pool  (in  Otley  Parish)  ;  Cleckheaton  Old 
White  Chapel ;  Honley  and  Slaugthwaite  (near  Hudders- 
field) ;  Penistone ;  Holmfrith  ;  St.  Mary's  Chapel,  Morley ; 


OLIVER  HEYWOOD. 


To  face  page  72. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  73 

Bramley,  Shadwell  and  Hunslet,  near  Leeds ;  Glass 
Houghton  (private  chapel),  and  Coley.  On  removing 
from  Northowram,  as  before  mentioned,  he  resided  at 
Norwood  Green  for  some  years  (1660-66) ;  and  in  1666 
was  invited  by  Captain  John  Hodgson,  an  Independent, 
to  occupy  a  part  of  Coley  Hall,  of  which  he  was  tenant. 
When  the  Five  Mile  Act  came  in  force  he  left  home  for 
a  season,  but  did  not  discontinue  preaching.  He  made 
several  excursions  into  his  native  county,  from  one  of 
which,  in  1667,  he  brought  back  his  second  wife, 
Abigail  Crompton,  of  Breightmet,  near  Little  Lever.  His 
meetings,  though  held  with  caution,  were  not  unfrequently 
broken  up;  and  if  he  himself  escaped,  it  was  largely  due 
to  the  connivance  of  some  of  the  magistrates  and 
constables  who  were  unwilling  to  execute  the  laws.  In 
1670  he  was  called  to  account  at  the  visitation  for  preach- 
ing at  George  Horsman's,  Little  Woodhouse  (O.H.  4.15). 

When  preaching  near  Leeds  in  1670  he  was  arrested 
and  carried  before  the  Mayor,  who  put  him  into  the 
common  prison  called  Capon  Hall,  from  which  he  was 
released  the  next  day,  March  15th.  He  was  also  fined 
under  the  Conventicle  Act ;  and  some  of  his  books,  his 
bed,  tables  and  other  furniture  were  seized  to  pay  the 
fine. 

When  Charles  II.  issued  his  "Declaration  of  Indul- 
gence "(March  15th,  1672),  suspending  the  penal  laws 
against  Nonconformists,  Heywood  obtained  a  licence  for 
his  own  house  as  a  Presbyterian  meeting-place,  and  for 
that  of  John  Butterworth,  at  Warley,  in  another  part  of 
the  parish.  Similar  licences  were  also  obtained  by  his 
friends,  Joseph  Dawson  and  Eli  Bentley,  at  Halifax,  and  by 
Squire  Horton,  at  Sowerby.  Having  purchased  (May  8th) 
the  house  in  which  he  formerly  dwelt  at  Northowram, 
he  set  apart  "  the  best  chamber  "  therein  as  a  meeting- 
place,  where  he  preached  the  following  Sunday,  and 
continued,  with  some  interruptions,  to  hold  religious 
services  there  for  sixteen  years.  The  house  still  exists  in 
the  form  of  two  colleges  ;  and  over  one  of  the  windows  is 
this  inscription,  "  O.A.H.  Ebenezer,  1677."     A  number 


74     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

of  "  the  inhabitants  of  Coley  Chapelry  and  others " 
solemnly  pledged  themselves  to  accept  him  as  their  pastor 
"formally  chosen  by  us,"  and  partook  of  the  Lord's 
Supper,  June  12th,  1672.  Fifteen  members  of  the  Congre- 
gational Church  at  Sowerby  (where  old  Mr.  Roote  died 
in  1669)  united  with  them  on  July  14th,  their  differences 
in  matter  of  church  government  having  been  composed, 
chiefly  through  the  influence  of  Captain  Hodgson.  "  We 
were,"  he  says,  "  about  sixty  communicants  of  our  and 
their  members  and  enjoyed  sweet  harmony."  Heywood 
was  now  in  labours  more  abundant.  Besides  preaching 
at  home  on  Sundays,  he  preached  at  Warley  once 
every  week,  took  his  turn  with  Dawson,  Bentley,  and 
Timothy  Root  at  a  lecture  on  Tuesdays  at  Sowerby ;  and 
often  held  services  for  Mr.  Bentley,  at  Halifax,  on 
Wednesdays.  He  spent  much  time  in  visiting  devout 
families  in  the  district,  and  travelled  on  horseback 
considerable  distances — into  Craven,  to  Penistone, 
Sheffield,  and  elsewhere.  During  the  year  1673  he 
preached  sixty-nine  sermons,  held  thirty  fasts  and  three 
thanksgivings,  and  travelled  more  than  a  thousand  miles. 
In  some  subsequent  years  these  numbers  were  greatly 
exceeded.  On  the  recall  of  the  licences  in  1675  he 
dismissed  his  congregation.  But  "  I  was  troubled  at  my 
cessation,"  he  says,  "  and  within  two  days  I  fell  to 
preaching  again."  Although  sometimes  in  pecuniary 
straits,  his  needs  were  always  supplied  by  benevolent 
friends.  During  his  journeys  his  horse  several  times 
fell  under  him,  which  is  not  surprising,  seeing  that  he  was 
a  man  of  over  eighteen  stone  in  weight ;  but  he  met  with 
no  serious  injury,  which  he  gratefully  ascribed  to  the 
watchful  care  of  Divine  Providence,  and  regarded  as  an 
encouragement  to  continue  his  labours.  In  1680,  he  was 
again  cited  in  the  Consistory  Court  at  York,  together 
with  his  wife  and  several  of  his  neighbours,  for  not  going 
to  the  Sacrament  at  the  Parish  Church  ;  and  for  contempt 
in  not  appearing,  they  were  all  excommunicated.  At  the 
close  of  the  year  1684  his  meetings  were  broken  in  upon 
and  scattered,  and  the  following  January  he  was  convicted 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  75 

at  Wakefield  of  holding  "a  riotous  assembly"  at  his 
house  and  sentenced  to  pay  a  fine  of  £50;  for  non- 
payment of  which,  and  for  not  finding  sureties  that  he 
should  forbear  preaching,  he  was  sent  to  York  Castle, 
where  he  remained  a  prisoner  for  nearly  twelve  months. 
But  he  was  dealt  with  very  leniently,  and  spent  the  last 
day  of  December,  1685,  in  thanksgiving  and  praise  in 
his  own  house. 

Liberty  was  now  close  at  hand.  Soon  after  James  II. 
issued  his  Declaration  for  Liberty  of  Conscience  (April 
4th,  1687),  he  set  himself  to  build  a  chapel  at  North- 
owram.  On  laying  the  foundation  stone,  April  23rd, 
1688,  he  kneeled  upon  it  and  spent  a  whole  hour  in  giving 
thanks  to  God  ;  and  at  the  opening  of  the  chapel,  July 
8th,  he  preached  to  a  larger  concourse  of  people  than 
could  crowd  into  it.  The  next  year  it  was  registered  under 
the  Toleration  Act.  After  standing  nearly  150  years  this 
building  was  replaced  by  the  present  "  Hey  wood  Chapel  " 
(1837).  Although  now  sixty  years  of  age  he  pursued  his 
useful  labours  with  undiminished  energy.  The  valuable 
practical  treatises  he  published  contributed  much  to  his 
usefulness.  The  formation  of  numerous  Nonconformist 
churches,  and  the  maintenance  of  an  efficient  ministry, 
were  largely  due  to  his  exertions ;  and  some  thousands 
of  souls  were  indebted  to  his  teaching  for  deep  and 
abiding  impressions  of  divine  things.  The  happy  days 
of  his  early  ministry  came  back  to  him  in  his  old  age, 
and  nothing  could  tempt  him  to  leave  the  place  where 
he  had  so  long  laboured.  At  length  his  strength  began  to 
fail.  He  could  not  ride  as  formerly,  and  was  obliged  to 
confine  his  preaching  to  his  own  congregation.  When 
unable  to  walk  to  the  chapel  he  was  carried  thither  in  a 
chair  on  men's  shoulders.  His  last  sermon  was  preached 
on  the  26th  April,  1702 ;  he  died  on  the  4th  of  May, 
aged  73,  and  was  buried  in  Holdsworth  Chapel,  in  the 
Parish  Church,  where  his  mother  and  many  of  his 
friends  had  been  laid  before  him,  and  where  five  years 
later  his  wife  was  laid  beside  him.  Both  his  sons 
became  Nonconformist   ministers :  John    at   Pontefract 


76     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

(d.    1704),   and    Eleazer    at   Dronfield,    Derbyshire    (d. 

1730). 

["The  Whole  Works  of  the  Rev.  Oliver  Heywood, 
B.A.,  with  Memoirs  of  his  Life,  by  R.  Slate,"  5  vols.,  Idle, 
1827  ;  "  Life,"  by  J.  Fawcett,  A.M.  (no  date) ;  "  The  Rise 
of  the  Old  Dissent,  exemplified  in  the  Life  of  Oliver 
Heywood,"  by  Joseph  Hunter,  F.S.A.,  1842;  "Oliver 
Heywood's  Diaries,"  edited  by  J.  Horsfall  Turner, 
1882-5  J  "  The  Northowram  Register  "  edited  by  Turner, 
1881 ;  "Northowram,  its  History  and  Antiquities,"  by 
Mark  Pearson,  1898.] 

60.  HIBBERT,  Henry,  D.D.  (1600-1678),  was  ejected  from 

Holy    Trinity    Church,    Hull;     and    afterwards    con- 
formed. 

He  was  a  son  of  William  Hibbert,  vicar  of  Mottram, 
Cheshire;  educated  at  Brazenose  College;  matriculated 
1620,  aged  18 ;  B.A.  1622  ;  B.D.,  St.  John's  College,  per 
Lit.  Reg.  1664 ;  D.D.  1665.  He  was  minister  of  Settrington, 
"a  preaching  minister  "  (Pari.  Sur.).  On  the  removal  of 
William  Styles  from  Hessle-cum-Hull,  for  refusing  to 
take  the  Engagement,  he  was  chosen  "  Pastor "  in  his 
stead,  and  continued  till  the  Restoration. 

He  subsequently  conformed  and  took  orders,  became 
rector  of  Allhallows  the  Less  and  vicar  of  St.  Olaves,  Old 
Jewry,  London  (1662-78),  and  prebendary  of  St.  Paul's 
(1669),  and  died  in  1678.  He  was  the  author  of 
"  Syntagma  Theologicum,"  1662,  and  several  other  works. 

61.  HIDE,  John,  was  ejected  from  the  Curacy  of  the  Chapel 

of    Slaithwaite,    in   the   parish  of   Huddersfield ;    and 
afterwards  conformed. 

There  was  "  no  minister  "  in  the  time  of  the  Parlia- 
mentary Survey.  The  first  mentioned  in  Hulbert's 
"  History  of  Slaithwaite  "  was  Mr.  Meek,  1687. 

62.  HILL,  Edward,  M.A.  (1589-1669),  was  ejected  from  the 

Rectory  of  Crofton,  near  Wakefield. 

He  was  brother  of  Joshua  Hill  ;  who  was  minister  of 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  77 

Walmsley,  Lanes.,  and  afterwards  of  Bramley,  near  Leeds, 
where  he  died  only  a  few  hours  before  a  summons  reached 
his  house  for  him  to  appear  in  the  Archbishop's  Court  to 
answer  a  charge  for  not  wearing  the  surplice  and  other 
acts  of  nonconformity  (1632).  Edward  was  educated  at 
Christ's  College,  Cambridge ;  instituted  vicar  of  Hudders- 
field,  September  2nd,  1619;  and  on  the  sequestration  of 
Francis  Burley  presented  to  the  rectory  of  Crofton. 
[Walker.]"  He  was  the  first  who  signed  the  West 
Riding  Ministers'  Attestation  in  1648,  "  a  grave,  godly 
and  painfull  divine "  (Pari.  Sur.) ;  in  1654,  April  17th, 
under  the  new  Act  concerning  marriages,  &c,  he  was 
sworn  Registrar  before  Justice  Ward,  of  Pontefract. 

After  his  ejection  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity,  when 
Edward  Browne  (formerly  vicar  of  Sheffield)  was  in- 
ducted, November  6th,  1662,  by  Dr.  Bradley,  of  Ackworth, 
he  still  continued  to  reside  at  Crofton.  But  on  the 
passing  of  the  Five  Mile  Act  he  removed  to  Shipden,  near 
Halifax,  being  related  to  the  Listers  of  Shipden  Hall. 
"  This  day  being  January  29,  1668-9,"  savs  Heywood, 
"  we  have  been  interring  the  corpses  of  old  Mr.  Hill  and 
his  wife.  He  was  aged  80  years  within  a  few  weeks ; 
she  near  as  old.  They  had  lived  many  years  together. 
He  died  on  Wednesday,  betwixt  11  and  12  o'clock.  She 
died  at  3  o'clock  same  day.  Seven  nonconformist 
ministers  laid  him  in  his  grave."  The  following  inscrip- 
tion was  placed  on  his  tombstone  in  Halifax  Churchyard  : 
"  In  memory  of  Mr.  Edward  Hill,  late  Rector,  of  Crofton 
aged  79  years,  and  of  Ann  his  wife,  who  having  been 
married  fifty-three  years,  died  both  on  the  same  day, 
January  1668."  He  was  uncle  to  Joseph  Hill  (son  of 
Joshua),  of  whom  hereafter. 

63.  HILL,  Matthew,  M.A.,  was  ejected  from  the  Perpetual 
Curacy  of  Thirsk. 

He    was   born   at    York,    and   after  due   preparation 

*  Hunter  says,  "  The  rectory  was  then  vacant  by  the  non-subs,  of 
Francis  Burley,  an  ejected  minister  who  has  escaped  the  notice  of  Dr. 
Calamy,  but  perhaps  he  conformed."     There  is  some  mistake  here. 


78     YORKSHIRE  P  URITA  NISM  A  ND  EA  RLY  NONCONFORMITY . 

educated  at  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge,  where  he  was 
under  the  tuition  of  Samuel  Hammond ;  further  studied 
Hebrew  under  Daniel  Sherard,  of  Nether  Poppleton,  "  a 
constant  preacher,  of  civil  conversation,  vicar  there" 
(Pari.  Sur.) ;  and  became  minister  at  Healaugh,  near 
Tadcaster,  of  which  Lord  Wharton  was  patron.  A 
testimonial  of  his  ordination,  drawn  up  by  the  famous 
Edward  Bowles,  of  York,  in  his  own  handwriting,  is  an 
excellent  model  of  such  documents,  and  was  as  follows  : 

11  Forasmuch  as  the  Lord  Jesus  Christ,  the  great  Apostle  of  our 
profession,  has  judged  it  meet  that  there  should  be  a  succession  of 
pastors  and  teachers  in  his  Church,  even  unto  the  end  of  the  world, 
for  the  edifying  of  his  body  until  it  come  unto  a  perfect  man,  unto 
the  measure  of  the  stature  of  his  fulness ;  and  hath  deputed  the  care 
of  this  ministerial  office  unto  such  as  have  been  already  called 
thereunto,  requiring  them  to  commit  the  things  they  have  received 
unto  faithful  men  who  shall  be  able  to  teach  others  also;  We,  the 
ministers  of  Christ  who  are  called  to  watch  over  part  of  His  flock 
in  the  city  of  York,  with  the  assistance  of  some  others  that  we 
might  not  be  wanting  to  the  service  of  the  Church  in  this  its 
necessity,  having  received  creditable  testimony  under  the  hands  of 
divers  ministers  of  the  Gospel  and  others,  of  the  sober,  righteous 
and  godly  conversation  of  Matthew  Hill,  M.A.,  and  preacher  of  the 
Gospel  at  Healaugh,  as  also  concerning  his  gifts  for  the  ministry, 
have  proceeded  to  make  further  tryal  of  his  fitness  for  so  great  a 
work ;  and  being  in  some  good  measure  satisfied  concerning  his 
piety  and  ability  have  upon  the  23rd  day  of  June,  A.D.  1654,  pro- 
ceeded solemnly  to  set  him  the  said  Matthew  Hill  apart  unto  the 
office  of  a  Presbyter  and  work  of  the  ministry,  by  laying  on  our 
hands  with  fasting  and  prayer.  By  the  vertue  whereof  we  do 
esteem  and  declare  him  a  lawful  minister  of  Christ,  and  more 
especially  unto  the  people  of  Healaugh  aforesaid  that  they  would 
receive  him  as  a  minister  of  the  Gospel,  loving,  knowing  and  obey- 
ing him  in  the  Lord.  In  witness  whereof  we  have  hereunto  set  our 
hands  this  24th  day  of  June,  1654. 

Nathaniel  Jackson  [of  Barwick-in-Elmet,  "  a 
godly,  learned  and  powerful  preacher." — Pari. 
Sur.] 

Edward  Bowles, 

Thomas  Calvert." 

He  had  much  opposition  from  the  Quakers,  but  gained 
upon  many  of  them  by  degrees.  From  Healaugh  he 
removed  to  Thirsk.    Being  ejected  he  was  wholly  destitute 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  79 

of  a  subsistence,  and  his  father,  who  had  not  without 
difficulty  borne  the  charge  of  his  education,  was  not  able 
to  give  him  any  great  assistance.  He  preached  for  a 
while  privately  at  York,  but  in  much  danger.  He  had 
several  relations  who  all  along  pressed  him  to  conformity, 
which  would  soon  have  altered  his  circumstances ;  but  no 
necessities  could  tempt  him  to  think  of  offering  violence 
to  his  conscience.  To  his  other  infirmities  was  added  a 
weak  and  crazy  body,  which  was  almost  continually  out 
of  order.  Not  being  willing  to  be  burdensome  to  his 
relations  he  cast  himself  wholly  upon  Divine  Providence, 
went  to  London  in  search  of  some  employment,  and  ob- 
tained a  chaplainship  at  Gatton  on  Sundays,  at  a  salary  of 
£20  per  annum.  Removing  thence  he  lost  all  he  possessed 
in  a  fire  in  London,  on  which  he  subscribed  a  letter  to  a 
near  relation  thus  :  "  Your  brother  sine  re,  sine  spe,  non 
sine  se,  MH"  About  1669  he  took  a  voyage  to  the  West 
Indies,  embarking  with  a  light  cargo,  having  little  else 
besides  a  few  clothes,  a  Bible,  concordance,  and  a  small 
parcel  of  manuscript ;  and  fixed  at  Charles  county,  in 
Maryland,  where  after  some  useful  service  in  the  ministry 
and  many  troubles  he  finished  his  course.  He  was  a 
man  of  quick  parts,  a  good  scholar,  a  serious,  warm  and 
lively  preacher,  and  of  a  free  and  generous  temper.  His 
life  was  indeed  a  comment  on  Prov.  xvi.  9,  33.  Not  being 
allowed  to  serve  God  according  to  his  conscience  in  his 
native  country,  he  was  forced  into  the  remotest  parts ; 
where  he  laid  his  bones  in  a  strange  land,  but  with  the 
same  hope  of  a  happy  resurrection  unto  eternal  life,  as  if 
the  same  spot  of  land  that  brought  him  forth  had  also 
entombed  him. 

64.  HILL,  Nicholas,  was-  ejected  from  the  Vicarage  of 
BuYstwick-cum-Skecklingy  in  Holderness,  four  miles 
from  Hedon. 

He  often  preached  at  Owthorne,  six  miles  from  Burst- 
wick,  for  Mr.  Samuel  Picard,  who  died  there  in  1659. 
He  is  mentioned  in  the  Parliamentary  Survey  as  at 
Burstwick,  and  was  a  very  laborious  minister. 


8o     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


65.  HILL,  Stephen,  of  Beverley  (?) — (Morrice). 

A  Mr.  Hill  is  said  to  have  preached  at  Beverley 
Minster  every  Lord's  day  afternoon,  as  Mr.  Pomroy  did 
in  the  morning.  Calamy  supposes  him  to  be  Stephen 
Hill,  who,  he  says,  was  ejected  from  "Serraby";  but 
there  is  no  such  place.  North  Ferriby,  seven  miles 
W.S.W.  of  Hull,  is  probably  meant ;  James  Roberts 
was  minister  there  under  the  protectorate.  Stephen 
Hill  was  afterwards  chaplain  to  Sir  William  Strickland, 
of  Boynton  (as  was  also  Pomroy).  He  is  described  as 
a  man  of  considerable  abilities  and  of  exemplary 
conversation. 

66.  HOBSON,  John,  M.A.    (         -1672),   was   ejected  from 

the   Rectory  of  Sandal  Parva,  or   Kirk  Sandall,  near 
Doncaster. 

This  was  the  ancestral  home  of  the  Rokebys,  the 
most  distinguished  of  whom  were  Dr.  William  Rokeby 
(sometime  vicar  of  Halifax,  and  afterwards  Bishop  of 
Meath,  and  Archbishop  of  Dublin,  who  died  in  1521), 
and  Judge  Rokeby,  a  nonconformist,  who  died  in  1699. 
The  minister  at  the  time  of  the  Parliamentary  Survey 
was  "  Mr.  Barnard,  a  constant  preaching  minister ; 
patron,  the  late  King."  After  him  Mr.  Hobson  appears 
to  have  been  appointed  to  the  living. 

He  was  a  native  of  Burton  Agnes,  and  educated  at 
Wadham  College,  Oxford,  where  he  was  admitted  B.A. 
and  M.A.,  July  14th,  1649,  and  was  chaplain  of  the 
college. 

When  silenced  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity  he  lived 
about  three  miles  east  of  York.  Under  the  Declaration 
of  Indulgence  he  had  licence  for  a  room  or  rooms  at 
Kirk  Sandall  Hall,  along  with  Mark  Triggate,  "to  reach 
nonconformists  of  the  Congregational  persuasion  "  (May 
2nd,  1672)  ;  and  died  soon  afterwards.  He  was  a  sober, 
serious,  pious  man  and  a  faithful  minister ;  of  a  sweet 
winning  deportment  and  unblamable  conversation,  yet 
met  with  many  discouragements.  He  had  little  employ- 
ment, but  was  comfortably  provided  for. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  81 

67.  HOLDSWORTH,  Josiah,  B.A.  (1602-1677),  was  ejected 
from  the  Perpetual  Curacy  of  Nether  Poppleton,  near 
York. 

He  was  a  native  of  Ripponden,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax, 
educated  at  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge ;  B.A.,  1629. 
For  some  years  he  was  minister  in  Essex,  where  he  was 
successful  to  the  good  of  many ;  and  whence  he  came 
to  Poppleton.  "  Daniel  Sherard,  a  constant  preacher, 
of  civil  conversation,  is  vicar  there  "  (Pari.  Sur.).  John 
Kershaw,  of  Poppleton,  signed  certificates  in  1658,  but 
was  presented  to  St.  Martin's,  Micklegate,  York,  by 
Stephen  Watson,  September  8th,  1658 ;  certif.  John 
Geldart,  Edward  Bowles,  Thomas  Calvert  and  John 
Howe. 

Holdsworth  was  probably  appointed  to  Poppleton 
soon  afterwards. 

After  his  ejection  in  1662  he  removed  to  Wakefield ; 
preached  for  a  year  at  Idle  Chapel,  in  the  parish  of 
Calverley ;  had  licence  for  his  own  house  at  Wakefield, 
as  a  Presbyterian  (July  23rd,  1672) ;  frequently  preached 
in  the  neighbourhood,  and  died  at  Wakefield,  October 
18th,  1677,  aged  75.  He  was  an  intelligent  and  pious 
man,  of  a  very  venerable  aspect,  and  had  great  skill  in 
the  healing  art,  which,  like  many  other  ejected  ministers, 
he  practised  privately. 

68.  HOLDSWORTH,  Josiah  (1638-1685),  was  ejected  from 
the  Perpetual  Curacy  of  Sutton,  in  Holderness ;  about 
«  four  miles  N.E.  of  Hull. 

He  was  the  son  of  John  Holdsworth,  clothier;  bred 
at  Wakefield  under  Mr.  Doughty ;  admitted  to  St. 
John's  College,  Cambridge,  as  sizar,  tutor  and  surety 
Mr.  Stillingfleet,  April  gth,  1655,  aet.  17.  His  father 
was,  in  all  probability,  an  elder  of  the  Congregational 
Church  at  Woodchurch  (West  Ardsley),  under 
Christopher  Marshall.  After  his  ejection  at  the  Restora- 
tion he  joined  the  fellowship  of  that  church,  December 
22nd,  1661,  and  preached  occasionally  in  the  neighbour- 
hood.   He  then  became  for  awhile  chaplain  to  Sir  Richard 

G 


82    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Hoghton,  of  Hoghton  Tower,  Lancashire.  Under  the 
Declaration  of  Indulgence  he  applied  for  a  licence  as  a 
Congregationalist  to  preach  in  Heaton  (Cleckheaton  ?) 
Chapel.  It  is  doubtful  whether  his  application  was 
granted,  on  account  of  its  having  been  deemed  a  conse- 
crated place;  but  he  had  licence  for  the  house  of 
Elizabeth  Rayner,  widow,  Heckmondwike  (May  2nd, 
1672).  He  gathered  a  congregation  at  the  house  of 
Abraham  Taylor,  at  the  Swash,  Heckmondwike,  where 
a  Congregational  church  of  thirteen  members  was 
formally  constituted,  July  29th,  1674,  of  which  he  was 
admitted  member  by  dismission  from  Woodchurch 
(Topcliffe),  and  chosen  pastor  August  24th,  and 
ordained  on  the  5th  of  November  following.  Ruling 
elders  and  deacons  were  also  appointed.  Severe 
persecution  followed.  It  is  recorded  in  the  Church 
Book :  "  September,  1676,  laid  down  for  releasing  the 
pastor  from  the  hands  of  Mr.  Ashburne  (Joseph 
Ashburnell,  vicar  of  Birstall,  at  whose  instigation  he 
had  been  arrested)  over  and  besides  what  was  given  by 
the  brethren  £  1  6s.  8d."  It  was  reported  at  the  Quarter 
Sessions  in  1681  that  "  a  conventicle  was  held  at  Heck- 
mondwike, when  Josiah  Holdsworth  was  preaching  at 
the  house  of  Isabella  Rayner,  and  persons  were  there 
from  Gomersale,  Batley,  Heckmondwike  and  other 
places."  "  All  the  societies  round  about  us,"  wrote  Hey- 
wood,  August  30th,  1682,  "  have  been  sadly  broken  and 
scattered.  Mr.  Josiah  Holdsworth's  at  Heckmondwike 
meet  not  in  the  day  but  in  the  night  for  these  several 
months."  No  members  were  received  into  the  Church 
for  several  years.  But  Mr.  Holdsworth  held  on  his 
course  without  flinching.  When  the  church  at  Topcliffe 
was  vacant,  owing  to  the  decease  of  the  pastor,  he 
frequently  preached  there  ;  and  it  was  recorded  in  the 
Leeds  Sessions  Call  Book  (1682)  that  "for  six  or  seven 
years  great  numbers  of  people  have  gone  to  Topcliffe 
Hall,  to  an  Independent  conventicle,  and  Josiah  Holds- 
worth,  of  Heckmondwike,  preached  there  in  May  last, 
when  sixty  persons  were  present."     When  persecution 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  83 

was  at  its  height  he  was  called  to  his  Heavenly  rest 
at  the  age  of  46,  and  his  remains  were  interred  in 
the  burial  ground  at  Tingley,  near  Topcliffe,  July  29th, 
1685.  He  was  a  man  of  great  piety,  sincerity,  strictness 
and  industry  for  the  good  of  souls ;  much  beloved  and 
blessed  with  abundance  of  success. 

His  successor  at  Heckmondwike  was  David  Noble 
(1686-1709),  in  whose  time  a  chapel  was  built  (1701). 
In  1715  the  congregation  numbered  350,  including  seven 
voters  for  the  county. 

69.  HOLMES,  Barham,  M.A.,  was  ejected  from  the  Rectory 

of  Armthorpe,  six  miles  from  Doncaster. 

He  was  educated  at  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  created 
M.A.  April  14th,  1648;  and  appointed  to  the  rectory 
September  23rd,  1648  (Lords'  Jour.,  X.  508),  which  he 
held  till  the  passing  of  the  Act  of  Uniformity,  by  which 
he  was  ejected.  "A  constant  preaching  minister" 
(Pari.  Sur.). 

70.  HOOLE,   John,   was   ejected   from   the   Curacy  of   the 

Chapel  at  Bvadfield,  in  the  parish  of  Ecclesfield,  near 
Sheffield. 

Robert  Chadwick,  "  a  painfull  minister  "  (Pari.  Sur.), 
was  minister  here  from  1649  until  his  death,  April  5th, 
1659 ;  when  he  was  succeeded  by  John  Hoole,  who  was 
displaced  for  nonconformity  in  1662. 

He  ultimately  conformed,  and  two  years  later  was 
appointed  to  minister  at  Coley  Chapel,  from  which 
Oliver  Heywood  had  been  excluded.  "  Now  at  last," 
he  wrote  October  23rd,  1664,  "  there  is  an  honest 
minister  come  to  Coley;  a  very  late  conformist,  who 
preached  well  and  is  a  pious  man,  and  therefore  I  am 
resolved  not  to  draw  any  from  the  public  ordinances." 
Mr.  Hoole's  conformity  was  not  apparently  very  hearty 
or  complete,  for  at  the  visitation  in  1667  he  was  presented 
for  not  catechising  the  youths  on  Sundays,  and  not 
exhibiting  his  orders  (Heywood  :    Diar.    IX.    15).     In 


84     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

the  absence  of  Mr.  Hoole,  and  at  the  request  of  many 
of  the  people,  Heywood  preached  in  the  chapel,  January 
5th,  1668,  and  again  on  September  19th,  1669,  and  May 
22nd,  1670,  for  which  he  had  to  suffer  the  spoiling  of 
his  goods.  Having  been  absent  about  five  years,  Mr. 
Hoole  returned  to  his  old  place  at  Bradfield.  Many 
years  later,  viz.  on  Saturday,  May  13th,  1682,  "  Mr. 
Hoole  being  come  over  to  preach  at  Coley,  some  persons 
went  with  him  to  Dr.  Hook  (the  vicar),  to  desire  him  to 
give  his  consent  that  Mr.  Hoole  might  be  the  preacher 
at  Coley,  but  the  Dr.  utterly  refused  to  suffer  him  to 
come,  saying,  I  would  rather  that  Mr.  Heywood  preacht 
than  Mr.  Hoole  if  he  would  conform.  One  of  them 
answered,  '  So  would  we'"  (Diar.  II.  288).  Mr.  Hoole 
continued  at  Bradfield  till  his  death  in  1701. 

71.  HULSTON  (?). 

A  Mr.  Hulston  is  said  by  Calamy  (1st  edn.)  to  have 
been  ejected  from  Edlington ;  this  is  two  miles  from 
Conisbrough,  W.R.  Palmer  says  Ellington,  but  there 
is  no  such  parish  in  Yorkshire ;  Ellingtons  is  a  township 
in  the  parish  of  Masham,  N.R.  Morrice  mentions  a 
"  Hinston  of  Allerton  "  ;  there  are  five  or  six  places  so 
called  in  Yorkshire,  but  we  can  find  no  trace  of  any 
Hinston  or  Hulston. 

In  1650  the  Parliamentary  Survey  names  Samuel 
Kendall,  "a  faithful  godly  minister,"  as  rector  of  Edling- 
ton.    Hulston  may  possibly  have  been  his  successor. 

72.  INGHAM.     One   of  this    name  is   said   to   have  been 

ejected  some  where  in  the  West  Riding. 

Wm.  Ingham,  of  Goosenarghe,  Lancashire,  signed  the 
Lancashire  Ministers'  Testimony  in  1648,  and  was  there 
in  1654. 

Wm.  Ingham,  Jun.,  was  minister  of  Shirehead  Chapel, 
in  the  parish  of  Cockerham,  Lancashire,  in  1652. 

One  of  these  was  minister  at  Ribchester,  and  con- 
formed at  the  Restoration;  buried  1681. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  85 

73.  INMAN.     A  Mr.  Inman  was  ejected  from  the  Rectory 

of  High  Hoyland.     We  have  not  been  able  to  identify 
him. 

There  were  two  parsonages.  Inman  was  here  in  1650, 
"an  able  and  painfull  preacher"  (Pari.  Sur.)  ;  "Mr. 
Wm.  Sarvyle  (Carvill)  is  not  well  affected  to  the  Parlia- 
ment, and  hath  been  punished  for  reading  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer,  and  notwithstanding  will  sometimes 
make  use  of  the  same."  The  latter  was  probably  dis- 
placed and  succeded  by  Thomas  Herring,  who  "  kept 
in,"  while  the  former  became  a  nonconformist  in  1662. 
Inman  afterwards  kept  a  school  at  Clayton  West,  a 
township  of  High  Hoyland.  He  was  a  good  scholar, 
lived  obscurely,  and  died  in  March,  1689,  aged  66. 

74.  ISSOTT,  John  (1636- 1688),  was  ejected  from  the  Per- 

petual  Curacy  of  Nun-Monkton,  near  York. 

He  was  son  of  John  Issott,  of  Horbury  (an  elder  of  the 
Congregational  Church  at  Woodchurch,  West  Ardsley, 
afterwards  meeting  at  Topcliffe  Hall) ;  and  at  an  early  age 
was  preacher  at  Nun-Monkton,  where  the  Parliamentary 
Survey  had  reported  Thomas  Carr  as  a  preaching  minister. 
On  his  ejection  he  returned  to  his  father's  house,  and  in 
1669  was  indicted  at  the  York  Assizes,  along  with  his 
father,  his  brother  Jephtha,  his  sister  Sarah,  and  Margaret 
Heald  for  not  coming  to  the  Parish  Church.  Under  the 
Declaration  of  Indulgence  he  had  licence  to  teach  at  the 
house  of  John  Issott,  Sen.,  at  Horbury  (May  16th,  1672) 
as  a  Congregationalist.  Shortly  afterwards  he  entered 
the  Academy  of  Richard  Frankland,  at  Rathmell  (Feb- 
ruary 20th,  1674),  and  accompanied  him  to  Natland, 
near  Kendal,  as  "  his  assistant  in  preaching  and  teaching, 
living  in  the  family,  one  of  his  scholars,  an  able,  serious 
young  man  "  (Heywood).  He  was  ordained  by  Frank- 
land  and  Heywood  at  the  house  of  Richard  Mitchell,  of 
Marton  Scar,  near  Skipton,  at  the  first  services  of  the 
kind  held  in  Yorkshire  (July  8th,  1678),  with  a  view  to 
his  taking  the  charge  of  a  congregation  which  had  been 
gathered  two  or  three  years  before  and  usually  met  at 


86    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

the  house  of  John  Hey  (Pasture  House),  near  Horton-in- 
Craven.  Here  he  continued  diligently  labouring  for  about 
ten  years.  A  new  built  meeting-house  was  opened  at 
John  Hey's  with  a  sermon  by  Heywood,  May  24th,  1682. 
It  was  a  time  of  bitter  persecution,  and  the  congregation 
holding  their  meetings  there  were  informed  against, 
brought  before  the  Justices,  and  "  through  the  violence 
of  one  of  the  Sessions "  mulcted  in  fines  and  other 
charges  of  £100  (Jolly's  Note  Book,  p.  51).  Issott  died 
January  12th,  1688,  aged  52.  "  He  was,"  says  Calamy, 
"  an  Israelite  indeed,  but  very  sparing  of  his  words  ;  one 
of  a  weak  constitution,  but  reckoned  a  great  scholar  and 
an  excellent  preacher.  He  was  a  stranger  upon  earth  all 
his  days  and  lived  as  if  he  was  in  Heaven."  He  was 
succeeded  at  Horton  by  a  student  of  Frankland,  who 
died  in  1707. 

75.  JACKSON,  Christopher,  was  ejected  somewhere  in 
Yorkshire,  and  afterwards  at  Crosby  Garrett,  in 
Westmoreland. 

He  was  son  of  Thomas  Jackson,  of  Leeds,  and  was  at 
first  designed  for  trade  and  put  out  as  an  apprentice; 
but  his  friends  observing  his  bookishness,  took  him  from 
his  business  and  sent  him  to  Cambridge ;  where  he  studied 
under  Mr.  Joseph  Hill,  a  native  of  Leeds.  He  was 
admitted  to  Magdalen  Hall  in  June,  1652,  aged  21,  and 
graduated  B.A.  in  1655.  Calamy  says,  "  He  was  a  very 
pious  man,  of  a  holy  life  and  competent  learning."  After 
his  ejection  he  lived  meanly  upon  a  little  estate  in  the 
parish  of  Ravenstonedale  (most  of  the  inhabitants  being 
tenants  of  Lord  Wharton),  and  preached  occasionally. 
On  some  conforming  ministers,  of  whom  there  were 
several  in  the  neighbourhood,  telling  him  that  his  coat 
was  very  bare,  he  made  the  apt  reply,  "  If  it  is  bare  it  is 
not  turned."  He  married  Anne  Taylor  at  Ravenstonedale, 
April  7th,  1664,  and  some  persons  of  his  name  afterwards 
resided  in  the  parish ;  but  what  became  of  him  is 
unknown. 


MINISTERS   EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  87 

76.  JACKSON,  Nathaniel   (         -1662),  was  ejected  from  the 

Vicarage  of  Barwick-in-Elmet ,  eight  miles  from  Leeds. 

He  is  not  mentioned  by  Calamy,  but  has  a  rightful 
place  among  the  ejected  nonconformists.  He  belonged 
to  a  Puritan  family,  being  son  of  John  Jackson,  rector 
of  Meltonby,  near  Pocklington,  who  had  three  sons. 
His  elder  brother,  John  Jackson,  was  rector  of  Marske, 
near  Richmond;  presented  in  1634  at  Archbishop Neile's 
Diocesan  Visitation  for  not  reading  prayers  upon  the 
eves  of  Sundays  and  Holy  days,  and  sometimes  omitting 
to  wear  the  surplice;  a  member  of  the  Assembly  of 
Divines  at  Westminster,  and  preacher  at  Gray's  Inn,  but 
nevertheless  a  royalist ;  and  died  at  Barwick  in  1648. 
Another  brother,  Timothy,  was  curate  of  Hackness  and 
preacher  at  Wragby  (1630-1647)  ;  his  son  John  was  vicar 
of  Doncaster ;  "  He  deserted  the  politics  of  his  family  and 
bowed  to  the  storm"  (Raine).  Nathaniel  was  rector  of 
Stonegrave  (1629-1648),  and  soon  afterwards  of  Barwick; 
"  a  godly,  learned  and  painful  preacher"  (Pari.  Sur.)  ; 
signed  the  certificate  of  the  ordination  of  Matthew  Hill 
at  Thirsk,  June  14th,  1654 ;  gave  instruction  to  Thomas 
Hardcastle  (vide) ;  and  continued  until  the  Restoration, 
when  Dr.  Dalton  was  brought  back,  and  he  took  up  his 
residence  in  York  (see  Arlush),  where  he  died  soon  after 
the  Act  of  Uniformity  came  into  operation.  "  He  was 
interred  in  that  great  rendezvous  of  the  Puritan  party, 
the  Church  of  All  Saints,  in  the  Pavement,  November  1st, 
1662,  with  the  famous  Edward  Bowles  and  many  others 
of  his  friends  "  ("  Marske  in  Swaledale,"  by  Canon  Raine). 

77.  JENNISON.     One  of  this  name  is  said  by  Morrice  and 

Calamy  to  have  been  ejected  at  Osgarly,  but  there  is 
no  such  place  to  be  found.  There  are,  however, 
Osgoodby,  a  private  estate  in  Thirkleby,  near  Thirsk, 
which  was  licensed  in  1672,  also  Osgodby,  near  Selby, 
and  Osgodby,  near  Scarboro ;  but  neither  of  these  is  an 
ecclesiastical  benefice. 

Palmer  (III.  474)  says  Mr.  Jennison  was  "not  fixed 
when  the  Act  of  Uniformity  took  place." 


88     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

He  was  son  of  Dr.  P.  J.  Jennison,  lecturer  at  New- 
castle-on-Tyne,  who  was,  at  the  instigation  of  Archbishop 
Laud,  brought  before  the  Court  of  High  Commission  at 
York  in  1639,  and  so  harassed  by  the  ecclesiastical  courts 
for  his  nonconformity  that  he  was  driven  to  leave  the 
kingdom  and  emigrated  to  New  England  (Brook's 
"  Lives  of  the  Puritans,"  III.  527). 

Note  by  Palmer,  III.  76:  Randal  says,  "  Dr.  Robert 
Jennison,  an  intruder,  1645 — Samuel  Hammond,  another 
intruder,  1652  ;  he  ran  away  upon  the  Restoration — John 
Knightsbridge,  a  third  intruder  or  interloper,  1660, 
afterwards  a  Conformer."  Dr.  Jennison  is  mentioned 
among  the  conformists  in  Yorkshire.  [His  son,  Thomas 
Jennison,  of  Newcastle,  was  admitted  to  St.  John's 
College,   Cambridge,  5th  April,  1658,  aged  18.] 

78.  JOHNSON,    Thomas,    M.A.   (1629-1707),   was    ejected 
from  the  Vicarage  of  Sherbum-in-Elmet. 

He  was  son  of  Edward  Johnson,  yeoman,  of  Pain- 
thorpe,  in  the  parish  of  Sandal  Magna,  near  Wakefield  ; 
bred  at  Crigglestone,  under  Daniel  Birt,  master ;  admitted 
to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge ;  pensioner,  under  Mr. 
Creswick,  June  8th,  1649,  aet.  19 ;  and  graduated  M.A. 
About  1655  he  became  minister  at  the  chapel  of  Great 
Houghton,  in  the  parish  of  Darfield,  which  had  been  built 
by  Sir  Edward  Rodes  in  1650,  and  was  ordained  at  Adel, 
near  Leeds,  October  31st,  1655,  according  to  the  follow- 
ing Testimonial : 

11  Forasmuch  as  Thomas  Johnson,  Bachelor  of  Arts,  hath 
addressed  himself  to  the  Classical  Presbytery  at  Adle,  in  the  county 
of  York,  desiring  to  be  ordained  for  that  he  is  called  to  the  work  of 
the  ministry  within  the  parish  of  Darfield,  to  the  Chappel  at 
Houghton,  in  the  county  of  York ;  and  hath  exhibited  to  the 
Presbytery  sufficient  testimonial  of  his  competent  age,  unblameable 
life  and  conversation,  diligence  and  proficiency  in  his  study s,  and 
of  his  fair  and  direct  calling  unto  the  aforementioned  congregation 
of  Houghton.  We,  the  Presbytery,  having  first  examined  him  and 
finding  that  he  is  duly  qualified  and  gifted  for  that  holy  office  and 
employment  (no  just  exception  being  made  against  his  ordination) 
we  have  approved  him,  and  in  the  Church  of  Adle  aforesaid  upon 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  89 

the  day  and  year  hereafter  expressed.  We  have  proceeded  solemnly 
to  set  him  apart  to  the  office  of  a  preaching  Presbyter  and  work  of 
the  ministry,  with  fasting  prayer  and  imposition  of  hands  ;  and  in 
witness  whereof  we  have  hereunto  subscribed  our  names  this  31st 
of  October  in  the  year  of  the  Lord  God  1655. 

Thomas  Hawkesworth,  Moderator. 

Elk.  Wales. 

Rob.  Todd. 

Geo.  Crosley. 

Ja.  Dale,  Scriba." 

N.B. — Mr.  Cornelius  Todd,  son  of  Robert  Todd,  was 
ordained  at  Adle  the  same  day. 

After  continuing  at  Great  Houghton  for  some  years 
he  became  minister  at  Sherburne  in  Elmet  (where 
Alexander  Robertson  was  in  1648  and  1650),  from  the 
vicarage  of  which  he  was  ejected. 

After  his  ejection  from  Sherburn  (where  John  Baynes 
was  instituted  September  nth,  1662),  he  remained  there 
until  driven  away  by  the  Five  Mile  Act  to  his  native 
place ;  where  he  had  a  small  property,  and  continued  to 
reside,  preaching  at  various  other  places  so  far  as  the 
severity  of  the  times  permitted.  Under  the  Declaration 
of  Indulgence  he  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian  teacher 
at  his  own  house  or  elsewhere  (September  30th,  1672), 
according  to  the  following  form  : 

"  CHARLES  R. 

Charles,  by  the  grace   of  God  King  of  England,  Scotland, 
France  and  Ireland,  Defender  of  the  Faith,  &c. 

To  all  Mayors,  Bayliffs,  Constables   and  other  our  Officers  and 
Ministers  Civil  and  Military  whom  it  may  concern  Greeting. 

In   pursuance   of  our  Declaration   of  the    15th    March,  1671-2, 
we  do  hereby  permit  and  license 

Thomas  Johnson  of  Sandal  Magna  in  Yorkshire 
of  the  Persuasion  commonly  -called  Presbyterian  to  be  a  Preacher 
and  to  teach  in  any  place  licensed  and  allowed  by  us  according  to 
the  said  Declaration. 

Given  at  our  Court  at  Whitehall  the  30th  day  of  September  in  the 
24th  year  of  our  reign  1672.     By  his  Majesty's  Command. 

Arlington." 

Johnson  a  general  Teacher. 

[N.B. — All  except  the  words  in  italics  are  printed.] 
This    and  the   former    document  in    the    possession   of  Thos. 


9o     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Johnson,  Esq.,  of  Holbeck,  near  Leeds.     Taken  from  copies  made 
by  Rev.  Wm.  Turner,  of  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  May  8th,  1821. 

J.  W. 

(Joshua  Wilson.) 

Johnson  was  on  intimate  terms  with  Oliver  Heywood 
(whom  he  met  at  Jonas  Waterhouse's,  at  Bradford,  in 
1666),  and  is  frequently  referred  to  by  him  as  taking 
part  in  religious  services.  He  preached  every  Lord's 
day  for  some  time  in  the  chapel  at  Idle,  near  Bradford 
(1673) ;  also  occasionally  at  Bramhope,  near  Otley, 
Shadwell,  near  Leeds,  Great  Houghton,  and  elsewhere. 

Under  the  Toleration  Act  his  own  house  at  Painthorp 
was  registered  in  1689.  About  this  time  he  regularly 
preached  at  Flockton — at  a  place  called  Rawroyd — and 
at  Crigglestone  ;  in  consideration  of  which  he  received 
a  small  allowance  from  a  fund  formed  in  London  for 
assisting  poor  nonconformist  ministers  (Heywood  : 
Diar.  III.  275).  He  also  received  a  small  annual  grant 
from  a  legacy  left  by  Lady  Mary  Armine,  of  Monk 
Bretton,  in  the  parish  of  Royston,  for  the  same  purpose  ; 
and  grants  of  money  and  Bibles  from  the  trustees  of 
Philip,  Lord  Wharton.  He  visited  Heywood  not  long 
before  the  death  of  the  latter  (Diar.  IV.  176,  272).  In 
his  later  years  he  was  in  great  pecuniary  straits,  but  he 
held  on  his  course  faithfully  to  the  end.  On  his  tomb 
in  the  churchyard  at  Sandal  is  the  following  inscription 
(in  Latin) :  "  Here  rests  the  body  of  Thomas  Johnson 
of  Painthorp,  formerly  of  St.  John's  College  in  the 
University  of  Cambridge,  Master  of  Arts,  who  paid  the 
debt  of  nature  on  the  14th  day  of  July,  A.D.,  1707,  in 
the  78th  year  of  his  age."  He  had  two  sons,  Thomas 
and  Nathaniel,  of  whom  the  first,  and  perhaps  the  last, 
settled  in  business  in  Leeds. 

79.  KAYE,    William,    was    ejected    from    the    Rectory  of 
Stokesley,  in  the  North  Riding,  in  1660. 

He  is  not  mentioned  by  Calamy.  He  probably  had 
relatives  in  Stokesley,  as  we  find  the  name  in  the  Parish 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  91 


Register  in  1604.*  Thomas  Pennyman  was  sequestered 
during  the  civil  war,  and  according  to  Walker  his  place 
was  "  usurped  by  Mr.  Kay,  a  rebellious  son  of  a  very 
loyal  father,  Mr.  Kay,  of  Topcliffe."  The  Register  has 
the  following  entries : 

1639.  FeD«  20,  Horatio,  son  of  Mr.  Wm.  Kaye  (and 
added  by  a  later  hand),  once  curat,  after 
a  rebellious  usurper,  bapt. 

1641.  June  29,  son  of  Wm.  Kaye,  bapt. 

1645-6.  Jan.  26,  Sarah,  daughter  of  Mr.  W.  Kaye — 
once  curate,  after  a  rebellious  usurper,  parson, 
of  Stokesley,  bapt. 

1653.  July  21,  Dorothy,  the  daughter  of  Wm.  Kaye 
(the  word  parson  obliterated),  borne. 

In  this  year  he  became  a  Baptist.  Crosby,  in  his 
"  History  of  the  Baptists  "  (IV.  251),  speaks  of  Mr.  Kaye 
as  "  a  gentleman  of  learning  who  left  the  Establishment 
and  joined  the  Baptists."  But  it  seems  probable  that 
although  a  convinced  Baptist  he  continued  as  "  Public 
Preacher  "  at  Stokesley  up  to  the  time  of  the  Restoration. 
In  the  Fenstanton  Records  (Hexham),  we  find  it 
stated  by  Thomas  Tillam,  then  of  Hexham,  1653,  July 
3rd :  "  We  prepared  for  the  great  work  at  Stokesley, 
seven  ministers  engaging  in  the  journey;  where  Mr. 
Kaye,  the  minister,  and  29  with  him  were  baptised 
by  Thomas  Tillam ;  a  work  of  wonder,  and  calling 
for  our  high  praise."  In  1654  Kaye  says  "the 
dawning  of  the  day  of  the  saints  is  already  begun." 
He  was  one  of  the  visitors  to  the  proposed  University 
of  Durham,  May  15th,  1657.  The  entries  of  the  births 
and  burials  of  several  of  his  children  are  found  in  the 
Register  up  to  1660;  and  then  we  read  in  the  same 
Register,  M  Charles  II.  was  restored  to  the  kingdom  and 
in  the  same  year  Thomas  Pennyman  was  restored  to 
the  rectory  of  Stokesley."  What  became  of  Kaye  is 
unknown,  unless  the  following  entry  refers  to  him : 
"  1690,  July  4,  William  Kaye  of  Stokesley  buried." 

*"  1604,  Aug.    14.     Wm.    Kaye    and    Margaret    Stockton    married." 
Perhaps  his  father. 


92     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

80.  KENNION,  Roger  (1618-1703),  was  ejected  from  the 
Curacy  of  Ripponden,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax,  and 
afterwards  conformed. 

He  succeeded  Isaac  Allen,  "  a  painfull  preacher " 
(Pari.  Sur.).  "  Old  Mr.  Allen,  who  had  been  parson  of 
Prestwich,  a  solid  substantial  preacher,  turned  out  in 
the  war-time  for  not  taking  the  Covenant,*  had  found 
shelter  there;  they  loved  him  well,  allowed  him  a 
competent  maintenance;  he  frequently  preached  to 
them  at  Halifax  Exercise ;  when  the  King  came  in,  in 
1660,  he  was  restored  to  Prestwich,  lived  and  died 
there"  (O.  Heywood).  He  is  also  mentioned  by 
Walker  as  "a  very  great  sufferer,  and  among  other  ill- 
usages  was  imprisoned  at  Manchester."  Kennion 
preached  at  Bingley  in  1659  ;  and  left  Ripponden  on 
or  soon  after  the  passing  of  the  Act  of  Uniformity. 
Jacobs  ("  History  of  Halifax  ")  had  copies  of  his  two  last 
sermons  preached  at  Ripponden,  August  17th,  1663  (?  2), 
wherein  he  advises  his  hearers  "  not  to  neglect  the  first 
opportunity  of  closing  with  another  (minister),  for  he 
was  persuaded  that  true  spiritual  bread  would  be  more 
scarce  and  precious  than  it  had  been  " ;  and  uses  the 
following  curious  simile  :  "  We  are  like  unto  a  man  that 
is  in  a  pinnacle  of  a  church,  and  seeth  out  of  a  hole, 
where  he  can  see  nothing  but  what  is  before  the  hole, 
but  God  is  like  unto  a  man  on  the  top  of  the  pinnacle 
that  seeth  round  about." 

On  the  ejection  of  George  Fothergill  from  Orton, 
Westmoreland,  for  not  complying  with  the  Act  of 
Uniformity  (who  afterwards  conformed  and  was  pre- 
sented to  the  living  of  Worsop,  Notts.),  Roger  Kennion 
was  presented  by  the  Feoffees  to  that  living,  and  died  in 
I7°3>  aged  85,  having  been  married  to  his  wife,  who 
survived  him,  sixty-five  years. 

He  was  replaced  at  Ripponden  by  Ralph  Wood, 
from  Saddleworth,  "  who,  for  a  while  was  wonderfully 
peremptory    against     conformity     and     seemed    to    be 

* "  A  thorn  in  the  side  of  the  Presbytery-"     (H alley.) 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  93 

somewhat but   is   fallen   off  fearfully  into  vain 

courses  and  debauchery;  there  he  is  "  ;  buried  February 
16th,  1696-7. 

81.  KIRBY,  Joshua,  M.A.  (1617-1676),  was  ejected  from  the 
Camden  Lectureship  at  Wakefield. 

He  was  son  of  Francis  Kirby,  gentleman,  of  London, 
where  he  was  born  1617 ;  admitted  to  Merchant 
Taylors'  school,  1628;  and  to  New  Hall,  Oxford, 
matriculated  June  20th,  1634,  aet.  17;  B.A.  October 
19th,  1637;  M.A.  June  nth,  1640.  He  was  a  Presby- 
terian and  strong  Royalist.  He  was  put  into  the  rectory 
of  Eastwicke,  Herts.,  October,  1645,  but  resigned  before 
May,  1646 ;  became  curate  of  Putney  in  1648,  when  he 
signed  the  declaration  against  bringing  the  King  to 
trial,  and  lost  a  good  living  for  refusing  to  take  the 
Engagement  (1649).* 

About  this  time  (1650)  Lady  Camden  gave  £100  per 
annum  to  maintain  a  lecture  at  Wakefield,  and  appointed 
the  Company  of  Mercers  in  London  trustees  for  settling 
and  managing  it  f ;  who  made  him  the  first  lecturer, 
and  he  called  his  next  child  Camdena,  in  grateful 
acknowledgment  of  his  benefactors.  He  was  accus- 
tomed to  preach  on  Lord's  day  afternoons.  On  one 
occasion  he  was  brought  up  to  London  and  imprisoned 
for  publicly  praying  for  Charles  II.  He  was  also 
arrested  and  confined  at  Lambeth  on  the  charge  of 
taking  part  in  the  Presbyterian  rising  in  Lancashire, 
under  Sir  George  Booth,  with  a  view  to  the  restoration 
of  Charles  II.  (1659). 

When  he  was  silenced  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity,  and 
another  lecturer  provided  for  his  place,  he  continued  to 
attend  the  parish  church  in  the  afternoon,  but  preached 
in  the  evening  at  his  own  house  at  Flanshaw  Hall,|  near 

*  See  Brit.  Mus.  Additional  MSS.,  15,669-70. 

f  Mag.  Brit.  vi.  359. 

I  An  old  family  hall  of  the  Watkinsons,  Mr-  Watkinson  being  a  dis- 
senter. It  is  still  standing.  Thos.  Hawksworth,  ejected,  Hunslet,  died 
at  Flanshaw  Hall  in  1666.  Thos.  Smallwood,  an  ejected  minister,  died 
at  Flanshaw  Hall  in  1667. 


94     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Alverthorpe,  two  miles  from  Wakefield ;  for  which  he 
was  sent  to  York  Castle,  November  21st,  1662.  On  the 
same  account  he  was  committed  in  March,  1663,  by  Sir 
John  Armitage,  Sir  Richard  Tankard,  Thomas  Stringer 
and  Francis  White  (York  Depositions).  Under  the  Con- 
venticle Act  (1664)  he  was  again  sent  to  prison,  where 
he  was  not  idle,  but  improved  his  solitude  by  medi- 
tation and  prayer,  and,  when  permitted,  by  preaching. 
On  being  released  he  still  persisted  therein.  O.  Heywood 
often  visited  him  and  joined  him  in  holding  religious 
services. 

Under  the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  he  had  licence 
as  a  Presbyterian  teacher  in  his  own  house  (Flanshaw 
Hall)  or  any  other  allowed  place  (May  8th,  1672).  At 
the  same  time  The  Kiln  House  in  Flanshaw  Lane 
(leading  from  Flanshaw  Hall  to  Alverthorpe),  Wakefield, 
was  licensed  for  Presbyterians. 

At  both  these  meeting-places  he  continued  his  labours, 
often  also  preaching  in  the  neighbourhood  as  he  had 
opportunity,  until  his  death,  June  12th,  1676,  aged  59. 
Being  under  sentence  of  excommunication,  his  remains 
were  not  permitted  to  be  interred  in  the  Parish  church- 
yard, and  were  buried  in  his  own  garden,  where  also  his 
widow,  Mary  Kirkby,  was  laid  beside  him,  May  nth, 
1688.  He  was  a  man  of  extraordinary  sanctity  and 
exactness,  a  right  Jacob  in  his  ordinary  garb  (a  plain 
man)  and  inward  plainness  and  prevalence  with  God ; 
another  Elijah  and  champion  for  truth  against  opposers  ; 
a  solid,  substantial  preacher  and  a  great  scripturist. 
Some  persons  complaining  of  his  citing  too  many 
scriptures  in  his  sermons,  he  answered  that  it  was  like 
complaining  of  flour  being  too  fine  to  make  bread  of; 
"could  we,"  he  asked,  "speak  more  properly  than  in 
God's  language  ?  "  He  had  a  notable  faculty  of  expound- 
ing scripture,  on  which  he  had  many  pretty  and  unusual 
glosses.  But  his  chief  excellence  lay  in  prayer,  wherein 
he  had  a  peculiar  gift.  A  conformist  minister  once 
hearing  him  pray,  said,  "  He  prays  apostolically."  His 
voice  was  low,   and   he    was   rather    reserved    in    his 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  95 


discourse ;  but  if  engaged  by  questions  there  was  much 
depth  and  significance  in  his  short  answers.  He  had 
something  singular  in  his  sentiments  and  common 
behaviour,  but  there  was  no  danger  in  it.  His  garb  was 
wonderfully  plain,  and  he  required  the  same  in  all  who 
dwelt  under  his  roof.  He  was  a  man  of  extraordinary 
sanctity,  very  strict  in  family  discipline,  and  faithful  in 
instruction  and  admonition,  of  great  courage,  and 
inflexible  when  his  purpose  was  once  fixed.  He  would 
sometimes  divert  himself  in  making  verses,  some  of 
which  are  printed  in  Heywood's  Diaries,  as  to  which  it 
must  be  owned  the  sense  is  far  beyond  the  poetry.  He 
printed  only  a  little  Protestant  Catechism  in  Scriptural 
phrase. 

He  had  two  sons  and  six  daughters.  One  of  his  sons, 
Joshua,  died  in  infancy ;  the  other,  named  Godsgift 
(baptized  at  Wakefield,  January  ioth,  1657-8),  was  a 
student  at  Frankland's  Academy,  admitted  June  3rd, 
1674;  "a  scholar,  a  young  preacher,  hopeful,  but  he 
died  of  a  fever,  November  22,  1686,  at  Cold  Hindley, 
and  was  buried  at  Wakefield,  November  24,  aged  28." 
His  daughters  were  (1)  Susannah,  who  married  Mr. 
Wilson,  of  Wakefield ;  (2)  Elizabeth ;  (3)  Phoebe, 
married  John  Wadsworth  (died  1708),  of  Horbury; 
(4)  Camdena,  who  married  John  Wadsworth  (died 
1690)  of  Horbury  or  Wakefield,  1682 ;  (5)  Welcome,  who 
married  Samuel  Wadsworth,  eldest  brother  of  the 
former,  1697 ;  and  (6)  Twin,  married  John  Reyner,  1687. 
Several  of  his  children  were  buried  with  their  parents 
in  the  garden  of  Flanshaw  Hall.  He  had  a  grandson, 
who  died  in  1744,  pastor  of  a  congregation  in  Tucker 
Street,  Bristol ;  a  volume  of  whose  sermons  was 
published  after  his  death  by  Dr.  Lardner.  His  grand- 
daughter on  her  mother's  side  was  wife  of  Jacob  Hans 
Busk,  one  of  whose  descendants  is  the  Earl  of  Crewe. 

82.  LAMBE,  Nathaniel,  was  ejected  from  the  Vicarage  of 
Alne  (Morrice)  ;  and  afterwards  conformed. 

He  had  licence,  as  a  general  teacher,  Presbyterian,  in 


96     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

all  allowed  places  (July  25th,  1672),  and  at  that  time 
resided  at  York. 

83.  LAUGHTHORNE    (or    Langthorne),    Simeon,    was 

ejected  from  the  Perpetual  Curacy  of  Boynton. 

He  was  presented  by  William  Lord  Strickland,  April 
30th,  1658,  his  certificate  being  signed  by  John  Cooper, 
of  Elton,  Richard  Rosbury,  of  Oundle,  and  others. 
Nothing  more  is  known  of  him. 

84.  LAW,    Thomas,    was    ejected    from    the    Rectory    of 

Sigglesthome,  in  Holderness. 

Henry  Hoyle,  A.M.,  was  presented  here  in  1624,  an^ 
died  October  18th,  1657.  Law  must  have  succeeded 
him  and  was  ejected  in  the  beginning  of  1661,  in  which 
year  Christopher  Fulthorp  was  presented. 

85.  LECKE,    Thomas,   was    ejected    from    the    Perpetual 

Curacy  of  the  Chapel  of  Barlby,  in  the  parish  of 
Hemingbrough,  about  two  miles  from  Selby. 

He  is  mentioned  as  marrying  a  couple  at  Barlby, 
September  3rd,  1647. 

He  was  a  preaching  minister  at  Barmby-in-the-Marsh 
(Pari.  Sur.),  which  is  three  and  a-half  miles  from 
Howden.  Barlby  and  Barmby  are  about  five  miles 
apart. 

86.  LEE,    Obadiah    (1626-1700),    is   said   by   Calamy   (1st 

Edn.)  and  Morrice  to  have  been  ejected  from 
" Heaton"  ;  but  whether  Cleckheaton,  Kirkheaton,  or 
some  other  Heaton,  or  Hayton,  E.R.,  is  not  evident. 

There  was  an  Obadiah  Lee  vicar  of  Warmfield  in 
1658,  presented  September  15th  by  the  Master  of  Clare 
Hall,  Cambridge;  certified  by  Edm.  Calamy,  Wm. 
Whittaker,  Thos.  Pawson,  Samuel  Smith.  His  father 
had  been  a  scribe  to  the  Assembly  of  Divines.  He 
married  Mrs.  Sandford,  of  Bolsover,  Derbyshire  (May 
17th,  1659),  who  died  the  following  April;  and  about  a 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  97 

year   afterwards   he   married    Mrs.    Alice    Denison,    of 
London. 

He  conformed,  and  was  curate  at  Wakefield  in  1671 ; 
afterwards  he  became  vicar  there  (See  Oliver  Heywood, 
II.  291),  and  died  in  September,  1700,  aged  74. 

(?)  LISTER,  ejected  from  Giggleswick. 

Palmer  mentions  a  person  of  this  name  who  "  after- 
wards conformed  "  ;  but  has  no  information  about  him. 

87.  LLOYD.    A  Mr.  Lloyd,  not  identified,  was  ejected  from 

the  Chapelry  of  Farnley,  in  the  parish  of  Leeds. 

The  chapelry  was  vacant  in  1650  (Pari.  Sur.). 

88.  LUCKE,   William   (         -1690),   was   ejected  from  the 

Perpetual  Curacy  of  the  Priory  Church,  Bridlington. 

A  Mr.  Crozer  or  Crosyer  was  here  in  1654,  when  he 
was  appointed  assistant  commissioner  for  ejecting 
ignorant  and  scandalous  ministers. 

Lucke  was  at  Hull  in  1644  when  (July  20th)  his 
daughter  Jane  was  buried  at  Trinity  Church.  He  was 
instituted  at  Kirby  Moorside  in  1647  (Lords'  Jour.  IX. 
99,  103),  and  signed  certificate  to  Matthew  Boyse,  of 
Barton-in-the-Street  (N.  Riding),  with  Thos.  Strange- 
ways,  Chr.  Bradley  of  Thornton,  and  Wm.  Dove,  April 
13th,  1659.     Soon  after  this  he  came  to  Bridlington. 

On  his  ejection  he  continued  to  reside  at  Bridlington. 
In  1663  he  was  presented  at  the  Archbishop's  Court  for 
not  attending  divine  service  at  the  Parish  Church. 
About  the  same  time  also  Thomas  Dale  and  Elizabeth 
his  wife  were  presented  for  having  their  child  baptized  by 
him  ;  Alice  Hardy,  the  midwife,  for  carrying  the  child 
and  being  present ;  and  Mr.  Lucke,  for  performing  the 
ceremony.  In  1672  he  was  licensed  as  a  general  teacher 
to  preach  in  the  Town  house,  called  the  Court  House,  or 
elsewhere  in  any  licensed  place  in  England  (June  15th), 
as  a  Presbyterian;  also  for  his  own  house  (November 
18th). 


98     YORKSHIRE  PURITA NISM  A ND  EA RL Y  NONCONFORMITY. 

A  memorial  was  sent  to  Lord  Arlington  (June  3rd), 
signed  by  T.  Aslaby,  Ellis  Weycoe,  minister,  and 
Francis  Holdsworth,  Free  School  master,  stating  that : 

"  William  Luck,  a  nonconformist  minister,  had  obtained  a  licence 
to  preach  in  any  lawful  place  at  Birlington,  but  not  Satisfied  there- 
with he  is  procuring  a  petition  from  the  town  for  him  to  preach  in 
the  Manor  House  at  Bridlington  which  is  the  Gatehouse  to  the 
Church  as  it  was  to  the  Church  and  Abbey.  We  humbly  conceive 
it  an  unfit  place,  though  it  be  the  town  house  where  they  meet  and 
keep  their  courts,  and  where  the  Free  School  is  kept.  The  said 
William  Luck  is  constantly  preaching  at  the  house  where  he  now 
lives  and  has  continued  his  conventicles  under  the  late  Declaration 
until  the  receipt  of  the  licence.  We  therefore  crave  that  the 
licensed  place  may  be  further  from  the  Church  and  better  if  not 
near  the  town." 

It  is  doubtful  whether  his  obtained  licence  for  the 
Court  House  was  continued.  And  after  the  licences 
were  withdrawn  he  was  again  present  at  the  Archdeacons' 
Court  (1676)  for  keeping  a  meeting-house  and  not 
attending  church  and  receiving  sacrament.  His  meeting 
was  in  Applegarth  Lane.  Robert  Prudom  (the  first 
Baptist  in  Bridlington)  and  his  mother  constantly 
attended  Mr.  Lucke's  meeting  in  a  private  house  after 
his  ejection.  Lucke  died  probably  about  1690,  and  in 
1692  RichardWhitehurst  came  from  Lidget,near  Bradford, 
to  succeed  him,  preached  in  a  brewery,  and  died  in  1697. 
A  new  meeting-house |was  built  in  St,  John  Street,  1702. 

89.  MARSDEN,  Gamaliel,  B.A.  (1634-1681),  was  ejected 
from  the  Chapelry  of  Chapel-le-Brears  (St.  Anne's, 
Southowram),  in  the  parish  of  Halifax,  in  1662. 

He  was  the  third  son  of  Ralph  Marsden,  curate  of 
Coley,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax,  from  16 17  to  1629  (after- 
wards of  Ashton-under-Lyne,  Middleton,  Neston  and 
West  Kirby,  Cheshire,  died  June  30th,  1648),  who  had 
four  sons,  Samuel,  Jeremiah,  Gamaliel  and  Josiah,  and 
one  daughter,  Esther,  who  married  John  Murcot,  an 
eminent  divine  and  successor  of  his  father-in-law  at  West 
Kirby ;  all  his  several  children  were  born  at  Coley. 

Gamaliel  was  educated   at   Trinity   College,   Dublin, 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  99 

where  he  continued  ten  years  (1650-1660),  a  part  of 
which  time  he  was  a  Fellow.  Oliver  Heywood  says 
of  him : 

"  Gamaliel  Marsden,  a  pious  young  scholar,  graduated  B.A.  in 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  and  was  elected  Fellow ;  but  was  turned 
out  in  1660,  on  the  King's  return.  He  had  no  parents  or  relatives 
that  he  could  betake  himself  to  ;  little  left,  for  when  he  was  landed 
at  Liverpool  and  had  paid  his  freight  and  bought  a  horse,  he  had  but 
£5  in  his  pocket.  He  rode  into  Yorkshire  and  lighted  at  first  at  my 
house  in  Northowram,  stayed  under  my  window  when  we  were  at 
family  prayer ;  we  entertained  him  some  nights;  he  then  went  to 
Joshua  Bailey's,  of  Allerton,  where  his  brother  Jeremiah  had  been 
lately  minister.  He  made  him  welcome,  and  he  married  a  young 
woman  in  the  family  with  £40  a  year.  He  became  minister  at 
Chappel-le-Breare,  but  was  ejected  at  Bartholomew's  Day,  1662. 
His  wife  having  died  he  went  to  Holland,  returned,  was  teacher  at 
the  church  at  Topcliff,  and  married  Mr.  (Christopher)  Marshall's 
widow  (1674).  He  lived  plentifully,  comfortably,  and  died  with 
honour;  was  buried  May  27,  1681.  He  left  a  competent  estate  to 
friends,  and  having  no  child,  he  bequeathed  £20  to  poor  ministers' 
widows,  scholars,  godly  poor.  He  ordered  by  his  last  will  Mr.  John 
Pickering,  of  Tingley,  and  myself  to  assist  his  wife  in  the  distribution 
of  it,  for  which  we  met  at  Mrs.  Marsden's  Feb.  14,  1681-2,  and 
ordered  it  as  wisely  and  equally  as  we  could  for  doing  most  good. 

M  This  good  man  was  a  mere  scholar,  and  as  heedless  of  and 
shiftless  for  the  world  as  most  men  ;  yet  God  looked  to  one  that 
could  not  look  to  himself;  and  he  sinking  honour,  God  gave  him 
other  things.  He  was  a  holy  man  and  profound  scholar,  his  gift 
lay  rather  in  training  up  scholars  in  Academical  learning  than  in 
any  pulpit  discourses,  and  God  made  good  use  of  him  that  way." 
(Heywood's  Diar.  IV.  10,  36,  37.) 

He  kept  a  school  for  the  training  of  young  men  at 
Haigh  Hall,  a  large  mansion  at  the  bottom  of  Haigh 
Moor,  near  Woodchurch,  belonging  to  the  Saviles,  where 
among  others  Samuel  Bailey,  nephew  of  Joshua  Bailey, 
of  Allerton,  and  a  son  of  his  sister,  Mrs.  Murcot,  were 
educated.*  On  the  death  of  Christopher  Marshall, 
pastor  of  the  Congregational  church  at  Topcliffe  (Wood- 
church),  he  was  chosen  teacher  of  that  church,  along 
with  Samuel  Bailey,  pastor,  being  admitted  member 
November  19th,  1673,  and  ordained  teacher  March  25th, 

*  "  Educated  at  the  feet  of  a  learned  Gamaliel."— O.H.  (Mrs.  Murcot 
died  1654.) 


ioo     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY 

1674.  Bailey  died  December  5th,  1675,  at  the  age  of 
27 ;  when  the  entire  charge  of  the  church  devolved  on 
Marshall,  who  remained  there  until  his  death,  May  25th, 
1681.  He  was  buried  in  the  Tingley  Burial  Ground  (May 
27th),  which  Captain  John  Pickering  had  given  five  years 
before.  Thoresby  says  that  while  on  his  way  to  visit 
**■  honest  Mr.  Marsden,  a  learned  and  judicious  noncon- 
formist, he  met  a  messenger  with  the  sad  tidings  of  his 
death"  ;  and  that  he  "  rode  to  Tingley  to  the  funeral  of 
that  holy  man  Mr.  Gamaliel  Marsden,  whose  death 
was  much  bewailed,  not  by  relations  only,  but  many 
good  people  and  godly  ministers  as  a  public  loss." 
Thomas  Jolly  (in  an  unpublished  letter  to  Mr.  John 
Pickering,  dated  June  27th,  1681)  wrote  : 

"  When  I  heard  of  the  decease  of  my  dear  brother  Marsden  I 
was  much  afflicted  with  the  church's  loss  of  that  holy  and  able 
instrument.  My  acquaintance  with  him  hath  been  of  ancient  date, 
and  I  feel  my  affection  to  be  deeper  than  I  was  aware.  My  heart 
still  aches  and  bleeds  for  this  grievous  blow  which  the  Lord  hath 
given  us  all  by  His  own  hand." 

He  was  a  man  of  great  piety  and  integrity,  a  sound 
scholar,  though  not  a  very  fluent  or  acceptable  preacher. 
He  was  Congregational,  but  of  a  moderate  spirit. 

90.  MARSDEN,  Jeremiah  (1626-1684),  was  ejected  from  the 
Vicarage  of  East  Ardsley,  near  Wakefield,  in  1662. 

He  was  second  son  of  Ralph  Marsden,  formerly  curate 
of  Coley,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax,  where  he  was  born. 
He  was  educated  at  Manchester  school,  admitted  to 
Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  as  pensioner,  in  1647,  and 
continued  there  two  years.  On  leaving  the  University 
he  taught  a  school  at  Great  Neston,  Cheshire,  where  his 
elder  brother  Samuel  was  then  minister;  and  became  an 
occasional  preacher  at  various  places.  According  to  his 
own  account  of  his  own  life  he  resided  and  preached  in 
Wirrall,  Blackburn  and  Heapy  (a  chapelry  six  miles 
from  Blackburn),  Allerton  and  Thornton  (near  Bradford), 
Halifax  and  Whalley.  He  came  to  assist  Mr.  Booth, 
the  vicar  of  Halifax,  on  the  30th  November,  1651,  and 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE. 


left  for  High  Shuttleworth,  near  Padiham,  May  ioth,  1652. 
He  is  mentioned  in  the  Parliamentary  Survey  (1650  or 
1654)  as  at  Thornton  chapelry,  in  the  parish  of  Bradford, 
"aconstant  preaching  minister."  He  accompaniedThomas 
Jolly,  of  Altham,  to  London,  May  24th,  1654,  to  undergo 
an  examination  by  the  committee  for  the  approbation  of 
Public  Preachers,  and  was  approved  on  the  recommenda- 
tion of  Mr.  Tombes. 

About  this  time  he  became  a  preacher  in  Ireland, 
where  two  of  his  brothers  resided.  On  his  return  (1658) 
he  accepted  an  invitation  to  Kendal  in  Westmoreland* 
and  obtained  an  augmentation  of  £60  for  one  year  as 
lecturer  there ;  but  meeting  with  some  opposition  he 
stayed  only  nine  months.  He  had  a  second  invitation 
to  Ireland,  this  time  to  Carlow.  Adam  Martindale  says 
that  he  was  "  of  the  Congregational  way,  and  signed  the 
Agreement  (between  the  Presbyterians  and  Independents) 
at  Manchester,  July  13th,  1659."  He  then  removed  to 
Hull,  "  where  he  and  his  family  were  placed  in  a  garrison 
of  safety  and  a  harbour  of  plenty,  and  amongst  a  number 
of  serious  Christians,  with  whom  he  was  well  accepted." 
After  about  fifteen  months'  residence  there,  as  chaplain  to 
the  garrison,!  he  was  driven  by  the  violence  of  the  times 
to  Haigh  Hall,  where  his  brother  Gamaliel  lived,  and 
had  good  help  from  the  Society  of  Christians  there 
(at  Woodchurch)  under  Christopher  Marshall.  For 
refusing  the  oath  of  allegiance  after  the  Restoration  he 
was  committed  to  York  Castle  (February  13th,  1661),  but 
soon  released.  While  at  Haigh  Hall  he  was  invited 
to  preach  at  West  Ardsley,  which  was  without  a  minister, 
and  he  continued  there  for  three-quarters  of  a  year,  until 
silenced  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity. 

Just  before  the  passing  of  this  Act  he  was  present  at  a 
meeting  of  Congregational  ministers  at  Sowerby,  including 
Samuel  Eaton,   Michael  Briscoe,  Thomas  Jolly,   Henry 

*  According  to  Jolly's  Notebook  (p.  xv.)  he  was  at  Kendal  in 
1658. 

t  John  Canne,  preacher  to  the  garrison,  had  removed  in  1657.  Robert 
Luddington  was  minister  of  the  Congregational  Church. 


102     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


Roote,  Christopher  Marshall,  Thomas  Smallwood  and 
others  (July  5th,  1662)  ;  of  which  information  was  given 
as  a  suspected  plot,  and  a  Commission  appointed  to 
make  inquiry  concerning  it.  He  was  accused  of  taking 
an  active  part  in  the  so-called  Farnley  Wood  Plot  in 
the  following  year : 

"July  7,  i662(?3).  The  King  to  the  Duke  of  Buckingham  sends  a 
letter  to  inform  him  of  the  factions  meetings  about  Leeds  and 
Wakefield,  where  Nesse  (Christopher  Nesse,  of  Leeds,)  and 
Marsden,  under  the  profession  of  godly  preachers,  possess  the 
minds  of  the  seduced  auditors  who  flock  to  them  from  all  parts 
with  dislike  to  the  present  government. 

"  Dec.  6,  1663.  Questions  to  be  demanded  of  Capt.  or  Cornet 
Cary  as  to  whether  he  was  in  Yorkshire  in  October  at  Haigh  Hall, 
near  Wakefield,  and  Gildersome,  near  Leeds  ;  whether  he  conversed 
with  John  and  William  Dickenson  or  Jeremy  Marsden  ;  whether  he 
took  a  message  to  defer  the  insurrection  because  of  some  disunion  ; 
or  whether  he  assured  them  that  many  who  came  with  the  General 
(Monk)  out  of  Scotland  would  join  in  the  plot."  (Cal.  of  State 
Papers.) 

In  his  flight  out  of  the  county  on  account  of  this 
alleged  plot  he  was  stopped  at  Coventry  by  a  constable 
and  brought  before  the  Mayor,  who,  however,  found  no 
reason  for  his  detention  ;  and  came  to  London,  where  for 
the  sake  of  greater  security  he  assumed  the  name  of 
Ralphson  (his  father's  name  being  Ralph).  He  met  with 
many  friends,  particularly  a  good  widow  with  whom  he 
and  his  family  dwelt  for  some  time.  He  then  went  to 
Henley-on-Thames,  where  for  about  a  year  he  preached 
in  a  barn,  and  suffered  much  persecution.  The  barn  is 
believed  to  have  occupied  the  site  of  the  present  chapel. 

From  a  manuscript  which  he  left  behind  him,  entitled 
Contemplatio  Vita  Miserabilis,  it  appears  that  his  whole 
life  was  a  scene  of  afflictions  and  "  a  perfect  peregrina- 
tion." About  1674  he  mentions  his  twenty-second 
remove.  He  resolved  never  to  be  silenced  for  Christ  by 
man  or  bare  law  till  personal  force  did  compel ;  and 
blessed  God  that  though  he  was  often  pursued  and  hunted 
from  place  to  place  from  1662  to  1670,  and  his  pursuers 
were  sometimes  near,  they  failed  to  arrest  him.     On  July 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  103 

15th,  1675,  being  found  reading  the  Scriptures  at  Henley, 
he  was  apprehended  and  sent  prisoner  to  Oxford. 
Thoresby  heard  him  preach  in  London  in  October,  1677, 
and  says  (evidently  with  some  prejudice  against  him 
as  not  altogether  orthodox),  "  Mr.  Ralphson  made  a 
sermon,  but  in  my  opinion  none  of  the  best.  His  subject 
should  have  been  that  sufferings  precede  the  glory  of 
God's  children ;  he  more  than  hinted  at  Christ's  personal 
reign."  Overtures  were  made  to  him  to  succeed  Thomas 
Hardcastle,  of  Bristol,  who  died  in  1679.  He  was  also 
invited  to  become  the  successor  of  Mr.  Andrew  Car- 
michael  at  Lothbury.  He  sometimes  held  meetings  at 
Founders'  Hall,  and  afterwards,  by  the  permission  of  Mr. 
Thomas  Lye,  at  Dyers  Hall. 

The  most  severe  persecution  which  nonconformists  had 
ever  known  now  began,  and  Marsden  was  seized  and 
committed  to  Newgate.  Of  his  trial,  along  with  that  of 
Francis  Bampfeld  and  Thomas  Delaune,  the  latter  writes 
as  follows : 

"  On  December  10, 1683,  two  bills  were  found  against  Mr.  Ralphson 
and  me  by  the  Grand  Jury  of  London.  On  the  13th  we  were  called 
to  the  Sessions  House  in  the  Old  Bailey,  to  which  we  pleaded  Not 
Guilty.  On  the  16th  of  January,  1683-4,  we  were  called  to  the  outer- 
bar,  after  the  attendance  of  divers  hours  in  a  place  not  very  lovely 
and  in  the  sharpest  winter  that  you  have  known  Lthe  great  frost  that 
continued  from  early  in  December,  1683,  to  February,  1684] ,  which 
it  is  likely  proved  the  original  of  that  indisposition  which  carried 
my  two  friends  beyond  the  jurisdiction  of  Sessions,  bale-docks,  or 
press-yards  to  a  glorious  mansion  of  rest.  One  of  the  gentlemen  of 
the  law,  I  think  the  Attorney-General,  was  pleased  to  say,  that  the 
prisoner  that  stood  before  (for  Mr.  Ralphson  was  tried  before  me) 
did  labour  to  undermine  the  state ;  and  that  man  (meaning  me), 
would  undermine  the  church  ;  so  that,  to  incense  the  Jury  against 
us,  he  said,  Here's  church  and  state  struck  at." 

[They  were  each  fined  100  marks,  and  condemned  to  be  kept 
prisoners  till  the  fine  was  paid,  and  to  find  security  for  their  good 
behaviour  for  a  whole  year  afterwards  ;  and  that  the  books  and 
seditious  libels  by  them  published  should  be  burnt  with  fire  before 
the  Royal  Exchange  in  London.] 

"The  Court  told  Mr.  Marsden  and  me  that  in  respect  to  our  edu- 
cation as  scholars  we  should  not  be  pilloried,  though  it  was  said  we 
deserved  it.     We  were  sent  back  to  a  place  of  confinement,  and  the 


104     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

next  execution  day  our  books  were  burnt  and  we  continue  here ;  but 
since  I  writ  this  Mr.  Ralphson  had  a  supersedas  by  death  to  a  better 
place. 

"  Mr.  Bampfield  and  Mr.  Ralphson,  who  were  my  dear  and 
excellent  companions,  and  whose  absence  I  cannot  but  bemoan  as 
having  lost  in  them  a  society  that  was  truly  pious,  truly  sweet,  and 
truly  amiable." 

Marsden  ("  Ralphson  ")  was  58  years  of  age  at  the  time 
of  his  death,  having  outlived  his  three  brothers,  of  whom 
he  says,  "  they  all  obtained  mercy  to  be  faithful."  He 
was  written  against  by  Baxter  (1684)  on  account  of  his 
rigorous,  separating  principles,  which  led  him  to  decry 
Parish  worship  as  idolatry ;  and  is  said  to  have  been 
inclined  to  Fifth  Monarchy  opinions.  Calamy  says  "  he 
was  of  narrow  principles  in  admitting  to  baptism  and  the 
Lord's  Supper,  and  blamed  others  for  their  latitude." 

Bampfeld  died  February  16th,  1683-4:  the  date  of 
Marsden's  death  is  not  mentioned.  De  Laune  continued 
in  close  confinement  in  Newgate  about  fifteen  months ; 
his  wife  and  two  little  children  were  with  him  and  died 
there ;  and  he  himself  sunk  under  the  burden  and  died 
there  also. 

91.  MARSHALL,  Christopher  (1614-1673),  was  ejected  from 
the  Vicarage  of  Woodchurch  or  West  Ardsleyt  near 
Wakefield. 

He  was  born  in  Lincolnshire,  and  educated  partly  at 
Cambridge  and  partly  under  John  Cotton,  D.D.,  of 
Boston,  Lincolnshire;  who  being  greatly  harassed  on 
account  of  his  nonconformity  fled  to  New  England 
(1633),  and  was  chosen  Teacher  of  the  Congregational 
Church  at  Boston,  Massachusetts;  whom  he  followed 
thither,  and  of  whose  church  he  became  a  member  in 
August,  1634.  He  continued  his  preparation  for  the 
ministry  under  that  eminent  man,  and  was  admitted  to 
the  freedom  of  Massachusetts,  May  6th,  1635.  Calamy 
says  "  he  was  so  zealous  against  error  and  so  impartial 
that  he  was  a  witness  against  the  famous  Mrs.  Hutchin- 
son and  caused  her  to  be  [contributed  to  her  being]  cast 
out  of  the  church  for  the  disturbances  she  caused,  though 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  105 

he  was  related  to  her  by  marrying  her  niece."*  It  is 
stated  that  "  he  was  of  Cotton's  party  in  the  great 
schism  of  1637,  but  not  dismissed  as  a  dangerous  heretic ; 
so  that  perhaps  he  was  a  student  of  divinity;  and  he 
certainly  married  here,  for  his  daughter  Anne  was 
baptized  May  13th,  1638,  at  our  church ;  he  adhered  to 
Wheelwright  (brother-in-law  of  Mrs.  Hutchinson)  at 
Exeter  (whither  Wheelwright  went  after  leaving  Boston), 
and  with  him  had  dismission,  January,  1639,  from  our 
church.  He  probably  went  home  in  1640  or  1641 " 
(more  likely  a  little  later). f 

We  next  find  him  acting  as  minister  at  Horbury,  near 
Wakefield ;  and  at  Woodchurch,  where,  according  to 
Heywood,  a  Congregational  Church  was  formed  (doubt- 
less under  the  influence  of  Marshall,  in  or  before  1648). 
In  the  Parliamentary  Survey  of  1650  (ordered  February 
14th,  1649-50)  it  is  stated  that  Mr.  Marshall  is  the 
minister  of  Woodchurch,  "  an  able  preaching  minister," 
with  a  stipend  of  £30  a  year  allowed  by  Lord  Savile,  but 
arbitrary.  Of  this  church  the  notorious  James  Nayler 
became  a  member  on  his  return  from  the  army  in 
Scotland  (1650),  and  having  embraced  the  views  of 
George  Fox,  the  Quaker,  who  visited  the  neighbourhood 
in  1651,  left  its  fellowship  and  became  a  preacher  of  the 
New  Light.  Marshall  was  held  in  good  repute  in  the 
surrounding  district  as  Pastor  of  a  Congregational 
Church,  and  was  consulted  in  the  formation  of  other 
churches  of  the  same  faith  and  order  (Jolly's  Note 
Book).  A  list  of  church  members  is  preserved,  commen- 
cing in  1653,  though  some  of  them  were  doubtless 
admitted  before  this  date;  and  from  this  we  learn  that 
the  elders  were  John  Issott,  of  Horbury,  and  John 
Holdsworth,  of  Alverthorpe  ;  that  its  fellowship  was 
joined  by  a  good  many  persons  during  "  the  days  of 
Oliver " ;  that  after   the   Restoration   it  was  joined   by 

*  Mrs.  Hutchinson  came  to  Boston  September  18th,  1634.  Her 
younger  sister,  Mary  (Wheelwright),  came  in  1636. 

t "  Genealogical  Diet,  of  the  First  Settlers  in  New  England,"  by  James 
Savage,  Boston,  1861. 


106     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

several  of  the  ejected  ministers ;  and  that  it  was  long 
a  centre  of  very  considerable  influence. 

Marshall  was  assistant  commissioner  for  ejecting 
ignorant  and  scandalous  ministers  in  the  West  Riding, 
1654.  He  continued  at  his  post  until  the  Black  Bartho- 
lomew's Day,  August  24th,  1662.  He  was  present  at  a 
meeting  of  Congregational  ministers  and  others  at 
Sowerby,  July  16th,  1662  (see  Henry  Roote)  ;  and  was 
troubled  on  account  of  the  Farnley  Wood  Plot  in  the 
following  year.  On  his  ejection  from  the  living  of 
Woodchurch  he  appears  to  have  resided  at  Topcliffe 
Hall,  an  old  mansion  belonging  to  Lord  Savile,  about  a 
mile  distant ;  and  here  the  members  of  his  flock  who 
sympathized  with  his  principles  gathered  and  held  their 
meetings.  On  the  passing  of  the  Five  Mile  Act  (1665)  he 
removed  to  Horbury,  where  he  seems  to  have  preached 
in  the  Parish  Chapel,  for  it  is  recorded  that  at  the 
Sessions  at  York  "  a  true  Bill  was  found  against  Chris- 
topher Marshall,  of  Horbury,  clerk,  for  saying  on 
August,  1666,  in  the  pulpit  at  Horbury,  *  Those  that  have 
taken  the  protestation  and  after  come  to  the  Common 
Prayer  of  the  Church  are  perjured  persons  before  God 
and  man.' "  (York  Depositions.)  When  persecution 
somewhat  relaxed  he  returned  and  renewed  his  ministra- 
tions at  Topcliffe. 

Under  the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  one  of  the  first 
licences  obtained  was  that  of  Christopher  Marshall, 
April  2nd,  1672,  "  for  his  own  house  in  Topcliff, 
formerly  belonging  to  the  Savills,  now  sub-divided  be- 
tween several  clothiers."  A  mistake  in  the  wording  of  the 
licence  occasioned  a  fresh  application  to  the  following 
effect :  "  I  desire  the  alteration  of  the  term  Presbyterian 
to  Congregational  in  Mr.  Christopher  Marshall's  licence  " ; 
and  another  was  granted  (October  28th)  for  "  the 
house  of  Mr.  Christopher  Marshall,  at  West  Ardsley, 
as  a  Congregational  teacher."  He  did  not  live  long  to 
enjoy  the  liberty  of  worship  thus  afforded  ;  but  died  early 
in  the  following  year.  In  addition  to  his  troubles  on 
account  of  his  nonconformity  he  suffered  much  domestic 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  107 

affliction.  His  wife,  "  our  deare  Sister  Sarah,  the  wife  of 
our  Pastor,"  was  buried  February  23rd,  1658 ;  his  son 
Samuel  the  same  year,  May  12th ;  and  three  other 
children,  by  Sarah  his  second  wife,  at  a  later  date. 

He  was  a  good  scholar,  of  considerable  abilities,  and  of 
a  serious  spirit,  but  inclined  to  melancholy  on  account  of 
many  and  personal  afflictions.  He  had  a  sound  mind  in 
an  infirm  body,  from  which  he  was  released  January  28th, 
ifyZy  aged  59.  The  list  of  members  before  mentioned 
contains  the  following  entries  : 

1673.  Nov.   19,    Admitted    Mr.  Samuel  Bailey  —  or- 
dained pastor,  March  25,  1674 ;  died  Dec.  6,  1675. 
—        —        Admitted  Mr.  Gamaliel  Marsden. 
—         Ordained  at  the  same  time. 
After  the  death  of  the  last  named  he  was  succeeded  by 
others  until,  owing  to  the  decrease  of  the  population  of 
the  neighbourhood  and  the  growth  of  other  churches  at 
Morley,  Wakefield,   and   elsewhere,  the  church  became 
extinct  about  the  year  1750. 

92.  MEDCALFE,      Alexander,      was     ejected     from    the 

Vicarage  of  StiUington,  and  afterwards  conformed. 

He  succeeded  George  Leake,  who  was  instituted 
August  12th,  1646,  on  the  voluntary  resignation  of 
Francis  Beaumont,  instituted  at  Sutton-in-Holderness, 
June  3rd,  1646  (Lords'  Jour.  VIII.  325,  489).  Thoresby 
heard  Mr.  Medcalfe  preach  at  Leeds,  October  2nd,  1681, 
who  "  made  a  very  ordinary  mean  sermon,  full  of  bitter, 
malicious  reflections  upon  the  nonconformists  "  (Diar. 
I.  109).  But  query,  was  this  James  Medcalfe,  who  was 
at  Chapel  Allerton,  Leeds,  1663  ? 

93.  MEKAL  (or  Michel),  was  ejected  from  the  Rectory  of 

Settrington  and  Scagglethorpe,  in  the  East  Riding. 

He  is  said  to  have  been  a  kinsman  of  Bradshaw,  the 
regicide.  He  was  presented  by  the  Custodians  of  the 
Liberties  of  England  (Additional  Charters,  17,226). 
Henry    Hibbert    was    minister    in    1650    (Pari.    Sur.). 


io8     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Walker  says  that  Thomas  Carter,  D.D.,  was  turned  out 
by  the  soldiers  for  Michal,  who  paid  him  his  fifths,  or 
allowed  him  £30  per  annum. 

94.  MICKLETHWAITE,  Thomas,  M.A.  (         -1663),  was 
ejected  from  the  Rectory  of  Cherry  Burton,  near  Beverley. 

He  was  educated  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge  ; 
presented  to  this  rectory  (of  which  the  notorious  Bishop 
Bonner  was  rector  1530)  in  1613 ;  was  on  a  royal 
commission  appointed  in  1632  to  enquire  concerning  a 
misapplication  of  the  funds  bestowed  on  St.  Mary's 
Church,  Beverley ;  previous  to  1643  he  was  for  a  short 
time  at  White  Roothing,  Essex,  a  living  sequestered 
from  Charles  Laventhorpe ;  took  a  decided  part  with 
the  Parliament  in  the  civil  war,  and  was  one  of  the 
members  of  the  Assembly  of  Divines.  Fifty-three  persons 
"  took  the  Scottish  covenant  under  Mr.  Thomas  Mickle- 
thwaite  "  at  Cherry  Burton,  February  19th,  1646.  He 
was  returned  as  "  a  preaching  minister  "  (Pari.  Sur.) ; 
was  an  assistant  commissioner  for  ejecting  ignorant  and 
insufficient  ministers  (1654) ;  signed  certificate  for  John 
Lowthorpe,  rector  of  Halsham,  Holderness,  July  23rd, 
1658  ;  and  performed  marriages  in  that  year  at  Cherry 
Burton.  On  his  ejection  in  1662  he  was  succeeded  by 
Thomas  Gayton,  presented  by  Sir  John  Hotham ;  and 
in  the  Parish  Register  of  Burials  occurs  the  following 
entry :  "  1663,  Mr.  Thomas  Micklethwaite,  minister  of 
the  Ghospell,  November  the  3rd  day." 

He  had  several  sons,  the  eldest  of  whom,  John 
(born  1612),  after  studying  at  Leyden,  Padua,  and 
Oxford,  was  physician  at  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital 
in  1652,  and  president  of  the  College  of  Physicians  in 
1681.  In  that  year  he  was  knighted  by  Charles  II., 
whom  he  had  treated  professionally  a  short  time  before. 
[See  Sidney's  "  Diary  and  Correspondence  of  Charles 
II."] 

A  transcript  of  the  Parish  Register  of  Cherry  Burton, 
made  at  the  cost  of  Thomas  Micklethwaite,  was  found  in 
his   library    after   his    death,    and   given   by    Sir   John 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  109 

Micklethwaite  to  John  Johnson,  the  rector,  1681-1703. 
An  entry  made  by  Johnson  at  a  later  date  is  worth 
noticing  :  "  James  Deane,  the  ringleader,  first  founder 
of  the  Separatists  in  this  parish,  was  buried  in  woollen, 
November  30,  1691."  The  records  of  the  Quarter 
Sessions  before  1708  are  lost ;  but  after  that  date  we 
find  the  houses  of  Ann  Deane  (widow  of  James)  and  of 
Joshua  Waringham  recorded  as  meeting-places  of  dis- 
senters in  1712,  and  that  of  William  Walker  in  1713. 

95.  MILLWARD,   John,    M.A.    (         -1684),    was  ejected 

from  the  Rectory  of  Dav field,  near  Barnsley,  in  1660. 

He  was  son  of  George  Millward,  of  Shepton  Mallett, 
Somerset;  educated  at  New  Inn  Hall,  Oxford,  matricu- 
lated March  16th,  1637-8,  aet.  18 ;  B.A.,  July,  1641 ;  a 
delegate  of  the  visitors  1646,  and  Fellow  of  Corpus 
Christi  College,  Oxford. 

He  was  appointed  rector  of  Darfield,  where  there  were 
both  a  rector  and  a  vicar;  rector,  "Walter  Stonehouse, 
a  constant  preacher  of  good  conversation  "  (Pari.  Sur.), 
who  is  mentioned  by  Walker  as  a  sufferer ;  vicar,  Henry 
Lourdsey,  who  "discharges  a  moiety  both  of  Darfield 
and  Wombwell,  a  Chapelry  of  Darfield  (Pari.  Sur.).  He 
was  appointed  one  of  the  visitors  of  the  proposed  Uni- 
versity of  Durham  in  1657.  At  the  Restoration  he 
resigned  the  living.  Robert  Rogers,  S.T.B.,  was 
presented  by  Charles  II.,  September  3rd,  1660.  Mill- 
ward  removed  to  London  and  continued  a  nonconformist 
till  his  death,  which  occurred  at  Islington  in  1684. 
Two  of  his  sermons  are  printed  in  the  Morning 
Exercises.  He  was  an  Independent,  not  ordained 
(Morrice). 

96.  MILNER,  Jeremiah,  B.A.  (1630- 1680),  was  ejected  from 

the  Vicarage  of  Rothwell,  near  Leeds. 

He  was  born  at  Notton,  in  the  parish  of  Royston, 
W.R.,  where  his  father,  Thomas  Milner,  was  a  husband- 
man;    educated    at    Hemsworth    under    Mr.     Pullen; 


no    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

admitted  to  St.  John's  College,  under  Mr.  Pickering, 
June  17th,  1648,  aet.  18 ;  presented  to  Rothwell  by 
Lady  Mary  Armin,  of  Monk  Bretton,  in  the  parish  of 
Royston,  January  26th,  1658,  certificate  signed  by 
Thomas  Walker,  Rd.  Shuttleworth,  and  Robert  Armi- 
tage,  minister  of  Holbeck;  and  prosecuted  for  not 
reading  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  "  out  on  bail  " 
March  1st,  1661  (York  Depositions,  p.  85).  After  his 
ejection  he  retired  to  his  native  place;  had  licence 
to  preach  at  the  Chapel  at  Great  Houghton,  belonging 
to  Lady  Rodes — his  licence  being  altered  from  Presby- 
terian to  Congregational  (May  2nd,  1672) ;  and  died 
there  March  7th,  1680,  aged  50.  He  was  a  pious 
minister,  useful  and  laborious,  of  good  parts  and  com- 
petent learning  ;  and  his  labours  were  very  successful. 

97.  MOORE,  Edmund  (        -1684),  ejected  from  the  Chapelry 

of  Baildon,  in  the  parish  of  Otley. 

He  was  described  in  1650  as  "a  preaching  minister  " 
(Pari.  Sur.) ;  often  preached  at  Bingley  before  the  Act 
of  Uniformity  ;  soon  afterwards  conformed  ;  he  preached 
at  Coley  Chapel,  December  6th,  1663,  and  was  a 
"reputed  Antinomian  "  (Heywood  :  Diar.  I.  184);  at 
Baildon  collections  were  made  in  1665,  the  year  of  the 
plague,  Edmund  Moore  being  curate,  "John  Mitten  and 
William  Bowling  Churchwards  "  (Cudworth  :  "  Round 
about  Bradford  ")  ;  preached  at  Coley  about  six  months 
(1671) ;  became  curate  at  Haworth  in  1675,  and  died 
there  July  nth,  1684. 

98.  MOORHOUSE,   Henry  (         -1690),   ejected   from   the 

Rectory  of  Castleford. 

He  had  been  army  chaplain  ;  succeeded  Dr.  Bradley, 
at  Castleford  (who  had  also  the  living  of  Ackworth  (see 
Birkbeck)  ;  signed  the  West  Riding  Ministers'  Attesta- 
tion in  1648  ;  "  an  able  painfull  preaching  minister  "  (Pari. 
Sur.) ;  an  assistant  commissioner  for  ejecting  ignorant 
and  insufficient  ministers  in  1654. 

Some  years  after  his   ejection  he  conformed,  and  in 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN    YORKSHIRE.  in 

1681  became  vicar  of  Rotherham.  "  Mr.  Moorhouse, 
vicar  of  Rotherham,  died  August  5,  1690,  an  old  man, 
had  been  a  nonconformist  eight  years,  succeeded  Mr. 
Bovil "  ("  Northowram  Register  "). 

99.  NESBITT  [Anesbet] ,  Philip  (  -1663),  was  ejected  from 
the  Rectory  of  Kirklington,  six  miles  south  of  Bedale* 
North  Riding. 

There  is  an  entry  in  the  Marriage  Register  of  St. 
Martin-cum-Gregory :  "  1616,  April  30,  Philip  Nesbit  to 
Elizabeth  Hoyle,"  and  in  the  Burial  Register,  "  1663 , 
October  15,  Mr.  Nesbett  buried."  The  living  of  Kirk- 
lington was  void  by  the  death  of  Mr.  Daggett  in  1644, 
and  Mr.  Nesbitt  was  appointed  to  it  in  the  following 
year.  In  1654  he  was  an  assistant  to  the  commis- 
sioners in  the  North  Riding  for  ejecting  ignorant  and 
scandalous  ministers. 

He  was  a  gentleman  of  distinguished  abilities,  great 
learning  and  a  public  spirit,  who  went  about  doing  good. 
He  much  honoured  his  office  and  doctrine  by  a  very 
prudent  and  engaging  conversation,  and  especially  by 
his  charity  and  catholicity. 

100.  NESSE,   Christopher,   M.A.   (1621-1705),  was  ejected 
from  the  Parish  Church  at  Leeds  in  1661. 

He  was  son  of  Thomas  Nesse,  husbandman,  of 
North  Cave,  in  the  East  Riding;  born  there  December 
26th,  162 1 ;  educated  at  a  private  school  by  John 
Seaman,  vicar  of  South  Cave,  for  ten  years ;  admitted 
to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  May  17th,  1638,  aet. 
16  ;  sizar  under  Dominus  Wood,  surety  Mr.  Nicholson. 

He  preached  for  awhile  (1645)  at  South  Cliffe  Chapel, 
under  the  superintendence  of  his  uncle,  the  vicar  of 
North  Cave,  William  Brearcliffe;  and  then  removed 
into  Holderness,  and  afterwards  to  Beverley,  where  he 
taught  a  school  and  preached  occasionally  at  the 
Minster.  In  1650,  when  Samuel  Winter,  D.D.,  of  Cot- 
tingham,  was  made  Provost  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin, 
he  resigned  this  living  to  Mr.  Nesse,  who  continued  five 


1 1 2     YORKSHIRE  P  URITA  NISM  A  ND  EA  RL  Y  NONCONFORMITY. 

or  six  years  and  was  instrumental  in  the  conversion  of 
many  persons;  particularly  of  Thomas  Raspin,  one  of 
the  most  substantial  persons  in  that  town,  when  gray 
hairs  were  upon  him  (appointed  sequestrator  of  the 
profits  of  the  living  in  1643).  He  then,  about  1656, 
became  lecturer  at  the  Parish  Church  at  Leeds,  of 
which  William  Styles,  M.A.,  formerly  of  Hessle-cum- 
Hull,  was  the  Puritan  vicar ;  and  continued  at  his  post 
till  after  the  death  of  the  latter  (March,  1659-60)  and  the 
appointment  of  a  new  vicar,  John  Lake,  D.D.,  after- 
wards Bishop  of  Chichester  and  a  nonjuror.  With  him 
there  was  uncomfortable  clashing,  what  was  delivered  in 
the  morning  being  confuted  in  the  afternoon.  "  I  was 
forced  from  my  pulpit  at  Leeds,"  Nesse  says,  "for 
teaching  the  doctrine  that  all  Divine  worship  must  have 
a  Divine  warrant,  preaching  ever  after  thereabout  where 
God  opened  a  door."  (Letter  to  Thoresby,  March  10th, 
1693.)  Even  before  he  was  silenced  by  the  Act  of 
Uniformity  he  discontinued  his  ministry  at  Leeds,  and 
became  a  member  of  the  Congregational  Church  at 
Woodchurch,  under  Christopher  Marshall,  April  21st, 
1661 ;  and  preached  regularly  at  St.  Mary's  Chapel, 
Morley,  the  minister  of  which,  Mr.  Etherington,  had 
conformed  and  removed  to  Bramley,  near  Leeds. 

Under  the  Five  Mile  Act  (1665)  he  retired  to  Clayton, 
near  Bradford,  where  he  was  visited  by  Oliver  Heywood, 
June  4th,  1666 ;  but  he  had  a  house  in  Morley  in  that 
year,  being  assessed  there  for  three  hearths  (under  the 
Hearth  Tax).  The  Duke  of  Buckingham  would  have 
complimented  him  into  conformity,  as  related  by  himself 
in  his  "Divine  Legacy"  (p.  203).  Heywood  refers 
pathetically  to  the  death  of  his  son  Christopher,  April 
5th,  1669 :  "  This  day  Mr.  Nesse  buries  his  sweet  son 
that  was  wont  to  ride  abroad  with  him.  Oh  !  why  was 
it  not  my  case."  He  kept  a  fast  with  him  in  the  same 
year  (July)  ;  and  was  reported  in  the  Returns  made  to 
the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  as  holding  conventicles  in 
several  places  in  the  surrounding  district. 

When  the  times  grew  more  favourable  he  purchased 


CHRISTOPHER    NESSE,    M.A. 


To  face  page  112. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  113 

a  house  in  Hunslet,  where  he  instructed  youth  and 
preached  in  private  till  1672,  when  under  the  Declaration 
of  Indulgence  he  obtained  a  licence  to  preach  in  the 
Main-riding  House  beyond  the  Bridge  as  a  Congrega- 
tionalist  (May  ist).  This  meeting-house  was  opened  by 
him  on  June  3rd,  and  in  it  he  preached  to  a  numerous 
auditory.  Here  also  he  formed  a  Congregational  Church 
in  1674,  in  the  formation  of  which  George  Ward,  an  elder 
of  the  church  in  Bradford-dale,  and  Richard  Hargreaves 
and  Robert  Gledhill,  members  of  the  church  at  Topcliffe 
(Woodchurch),  were  called  in  for  consultation.  "  The 
Register  of  the  Day  and  Year  of  the  Baptism  of  the 
Church's  Children,"  commenced  at  this  time,  contains 
only  eight  names,  one  of  which  is  Mehetabel  Nesse, 
daughter  of  Mr.  Christopher  Nesse,  of  Hunslet.  He 
was  much  harassed  by  persecution :  "  I  was  excom- 
municated three  times,"  he  says,  "and  a  fourth  time  a 
writ  De  excommunicato  capiendo  was  issued  to  take  me, 
and  another  to  take  Mr.  Awkwood,  who  was  taken  and 
died  in  prison."  ("Thoresby  Correspondence,"  I.  130.) 
It  appears,  from  the  imperfect  minutes  preserved  in  the 
church-book,  that  some  difference  arose  between  Nesse 
and  his  congregation,  who,  he  thought,  did  not  stand  by 
him  as  they  should  in  his  troubles  ;  while  they  considered 
that  he  failed  without  adequate  reason  to  fulfil  the  duties 
Pof  his  office.  He  was,  it  is  said,  a  man  much  superior  to 
vulgar  prejudices ;  and  going  one  Christmas  day  with  one 
of  his  hearers  to  pay  some  visits  on  the  congregation,  a 
good  woman  brought  out  a  great  Yorkshire  goose-pie  for 
the  entertainment  of  her  visitors.  Mr.  Nesse's  friend 
objected  to  the  dish  as  savouring  of  superstition.  "  Well 
then,  brother,"  said  Mr.  Nesse,  "if  these  be  walls  of 
superstition,  let  us  pull  them  down,"  and  immediately 
set  about  the  work  of  demolition  {Monthly  Repository, 
1812). 

He  removed  to  London  in  1674  or  1675,  and  preached 

to  a  congregation  in  Salisbury  Court,  Fleet  Street.     In 

1684  he  found  it  necessary  to  conceal  himself  from  the 

officers  of  the   Crown,  who   had   charge   of  a  warrant 

1 


ii4     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

against  him ;  but  he  lived  to  witness  the  passing  of  the 
Act  of  Toleration,  and  died  on  his  birthday,  December 
26th,  1705,  aged  84.  His  remains  were  interred  in 
Bunhill  Fields.  He  was  a  man  of  great  ability,  zeal, 
and  energy,  and  the  author  of  numerous  works,  all  of 
which  were  published  after  he  left  Leeds. 
The  following  are  the  titles : 

1.  "  The  Crown  and  Glory  of  a  Christian,"  1676. 

2.  "  The  Christian  Walk  and  Work  on  Earth,"  1677. 

3.  "  A  Protestant  Antidote  against  the  Poison  of  Popery,"  1679. 

4.  "The  Chrystal  Mirror  or  Christian  Looking  Glass,"  1679. 

5.  "  A  Discovery  of  the  Person  and  Period  of  Anti-christ,"  1679. 

6.  "  The  Devil's  Patriarch ;  in  the  Life  of  Pope  Innocent  XI.," 

1680. 

7.  "A  Spiritual  Legacy  for  Young  Men,"  1681. 

8.  "  Haifa  Sheet  on  the  Blazing  Star. 

9.  "The  Comet,"  1681. 

10.  "  A  Whip  for  the  Fool's  Back." 

11.  "  A  Key  with  the  Whip." 

12.  "A  Church  History  from  Adam,  and  a  Scripture  Prophecy  to 

the  End  of  the  World,"  1681. 

13.  "  A  Token  or  New  Year's  Gift  for  Children,"  1683. 

14.  "  The  Holy  Life  and  Death  of  J.  Draper,"  1684. 

15.  M  Wonderful  Signs  of  Wonderful  Times,"  1684. 

16.  "  Advice   to   the   Painter    upon    the   Earl    of    Shaftesbury's 

enlargement  from  the  Tower." 

17.  "  An  Astrological  and  Theological  Discourse  upon  the  great 

Conjunction." 

18.  "A    strange    and    wonderful    Trinity,   Eclipse,   Comet    and 

Conjunction." 

19.  "The  History  and  Mystery  of  the  Old  and  New  Testament." 

4  vols. 

20.  M  An  Antidote  against  Arminianism,"  1700. 

21.  "A  Divine  Legacy,"  1700. 

He  left  also  in  manuscript  "  A  Particular  Confutation 
of  the  Roman  Religion  in  all  its  Doctrines,  etc.,"  and  a 
vindication  of  his  own  thesis  at  Leeds,  that  all  Divine 
worship  must  have  a  Divine  warrant. 

101.  NOBLE,  John,  M.A.  (1611-1679),  was  ejected  from  the 
Rectory  of  Kirk  Smeaton,  seven  miles  from  Barnsley. 

He  was  born  at  Asselby,  in  the  parish  of  Howden ; 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  115 

admitted  to  Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  1630,  and 
graduated  M.A. ;  in  1637  appointed  vicar  of  Whitgift, 
and  in  1646  removed  to  Kirk  Smeaton;  signed  the 
West  Riding  Ministers'  Attestation,  1648;  "an  able 
and  painfull  preacher  "  (Pari.  Sur.) ;  and  much  troubled 
by  disputes  with  the  Quakers,  whom  he  confuted  in 
occasional  and  set  disputations. 

After  the  Restoration  he  was  prosecuted,  July  29th, 
1661,  for  not  reading  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  and 
11  out  on  bail  "  (York  Depositions).  After  the  death  of 
Joseph  Ferret,  of  Pontefract,  in  1663,  he  regularly 
preached  at  the  house  of  Leonard  Ward,  at  the  Court, 
Tanshelf,  for  which  he  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian 
(May  1st,  1672) ;  and  died  February  nth,  1679,  aged 
68.  He  was  one  of  a  happy  memory  and  great  pre- 
sence and  readiness  of  wit;  a  mighty  opposer  of  the 
factions  and  hurries  of  the  times.  He  was  an  excellent 
disputant,  and  never  lost  or  disparaged  the  cause  which 
he  undertook,  nor  his  reputation  by  ignorance  or  passion. 
He  was  not  related  to  David  Noble,  of  Heckmondwike, 
who  was  a  Scotchman.  At  Pontefract  he  was  succeeded 
by  Peter  Naylor. 

102.  ORD,  was  ejected  at  Cowesbey  (Cowsby). — (Morrice). 

The  only  place  of  this  name  in  Yorkshire  is  in  the 
Archdeaconry  of  Cleveland,  a  rectory,  six  miles  N.N.E. 
from  Thirsk.     Nothing  is  known  of  this  minister. 

103.  PACKLAND,  John. 

It  is  uncertain  whether  he  was  an  ejected  minister. 
But  he  had  licence  for  the  house  of  John  Newton,  at 
Anlaby,  near  Hull,  being  "  of  the  Congregational  way." 

104.  PECKET,    Philip,   was  ejected   from  the  Vicarage   of 

Lastingham,  in  the  North  Riding. 

He  was  here  in  1650  (Pari.  Sur.) ;  and  signed  a 
certificate  in  1658.  Francis  Flathers  was  presented  by 
Charles  II.  in  1662.     A  John   Pecket  was  a  preaching 


n6     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

minister  at  Sherburn,  in  Harford  Lathe,  East  Riding 
(Pari.  Sur.).     Nothing  more  is  known  about  either. 

105.  PEEBLES. 

A  minister  of  this  name  is  said  by  Calamy  and  Morrice 
to  have  been  ejected  somewhere  in  the  West  Riding. 
Nothing  is  known  of  him. 

106.  PERROT,  Richard,  B.D.  (1629- 1670),  was  ejected  from 

the  Minster  at  York  in  1660. 

He  was  son  of  Richard  Perrot,  D.D.,  vicar  of  Hessle- 
cum-Hull,  who  is  mentioned  by  Walker  as  having  suffered 
the  loss  of  the  prebend  of  Oswalkirk,  although  allowed  to 
keep  his  other  preferments  ;  but  he  died  before  the  civil 
war  began,  according  to  the  following  entry  in  the  Burial 
Register  of  Holy  Trinity,  Hull :  "  1641,  Dec.  21,  Mr. 
Richard  Perrott,  vicar  of  Hessell  and  Hull." 

Richard  Perrot,  junior,  was  educated  at  first  at  the 
notable  school  at  Coxwold,  founded  by  Sir  John  Hart ; 
whence  he  went  to  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Cambridge, 
graduated  B.A.  1648,  Socius  1649,  Fellow  of  Sir  John 
Hart's  foundation  and  M.A.  1652,  Unus  e  Prsedictoribus 
ab  Academia  emittendus  1656,  S.  T.  Bac.  1659  ("  Baker's 
Register  ").  He  wrote  an  elegy  and  epitaph  on  his  friend, 
Edward  Bright,  A.M.,  a  Puritan  minister  suspended  from 
his  office  and  benefice  by  Archbishop  Laud  ;  afterwards 
Fellow  of  Emanuel  College,  Cambridge,  and  minister  of 
Christ  Church,  London  (Brook's  "Lives"). 

He  was  appointed,  March  4th,  1658-9,  to  be  one  of 
the  four  preachers  in  the  city  of  York,  upon  the  pre- 
sentation of  Richard,  Lord  Protector,  under  his  seal  and 
the  certificates  of  Edward  Bowles,  Thomas  Calvert,  Elias 
Pawson,  and  Peter  Williams.  He  was  one  of  the  execu- 
tors under  the  will  of  Edward  Bowles.  After  his  ejection 
he  lived  some  time  with  Dr.  Robinson,  of  Barmeston,  in 
Holderness,  where  he  studied  and  practised  medicine 
with  great  success.  He  died  at  York  in  1670,  aged  42  ; 
his  mother  Dorothy,  his  son,  and  lastly  Alderman 
Perrot  (Lord  Mayor,  1693)  being  commemorated  on  the 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  117 

same  stone.  He  was  a  most  learned,  ingenious  man,  and 
an  incomparable  preacher.  His  epitaph  in  the  church 
of  St.  Martin's,  Micklegate,  describes  him  as  "  Eboraci 
concionator  pientissimus  "  (Kenrick). 

107.  PICKERING,  Robert,  M.A.  (1636-1680),  was  ejected 

from  the  Chapelry  of  Barley,  in  the  parish  of  Bray  ton, 
near  Selby. 

He  was  born  at  Kippax ;  educated  at  Sidney  College, 
Cambridge,  graduated  M.A.  1659,  and  succeeded  William 
Douglas,  who  was  preacher  at  Barley  in  1650  (Pari.  Sur.). 
After  his  ejectment  he  became  chaplain  to  Robert 
Dyneley,  Esq.,  at  Bramhope,  near  Otley  (on  the  death 
of  Jeremiah  Crossley,  in  1665),  whence  he  removed 
to  Morley,  1678,  where  he  preached  until  a  few  days 
before  his  death,  October  4th,  1680,  at  the  age  of  44. 
He  was  a  great  scholar  and  a  useful  preacher.  His 
remains  were  interred  in  Morley  grave-yard,  where  his 
tombstone  bears  the  inscription  :  "  He  accounted  himself 
the  meanest  servant  in  the  work  of  Jesus  Christ." 

"  I  was  at  Morley,  December  nth,  1678  (says 
Heywood),  visiting  Mr.  Pickering  there.  Mr.  Dawson 
and  I  discoursing  with  him,  he  told  us  that  he  and  some 
Congregational  brethren  meeting  at  Mr.  Noble's  (newly 
gone  to  house),  fell  into  discourse ;  some  of  them  said 
that  if  the  Presbyterians  had  power  they  would  be  as 
tyrannical  and  arbitrary  as  the  bishops,  with  several 
other  bitter,  taunting  words;  Mr.  Pickering  was  con- 
cerned to  defend  them,  sweat  at  it,  but  they  overlaid 
him,  being  too  many  for  him.  Alas !  alas !  are  we  but 
here  yet !  Lord  pity  us.  And  I  have  heard  some 
censorious  brethren  say  the  Independent  Ministers  were 
like  little  Popes  among  their  own  people.  It's  fit  we 
should  all  be  under  hatches." 

108.  PLACKSTONE     [Plaxton] ,    John,    (1602-1686),    was 

ejected  from  the  Rectory  of  Scrayingham,  or  Skerring- 
kam,  eight  miles  from  York. 

Here    the    famous    Presbyterian,     John    Shaw,    was 


n8     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

minister  in  1645 ;  and  at  a  later  date  Plaxton  was 
appointed  to  the  living.  On  July  2nd,  1658,  a  certificate 
to  William  Dealtrey,  on  his  presentation  to  Full  Sutton, 
was  signed  by  Jo.  Plaxton,  of  Skerringham. 

After  his  ejection  he  lived  at  York,  where  he  died  in 
1686,  aged  84. 

He  was  an  active,  judicious,  grave,  old  man,  and  main- 
tained his  integrity  to  the  last. 

He  is  probably  the  John  Pluxton  who,  on  February  3rd, 
1673,  applied  for  a  licence  for  the  house  of  George 
Taylor  at  Nun  Monkton,  but  was  too  late  to  obtain  it. 

109.  POMROY  (or  Pomeroy),  John,  was  ejected  from  the 
Perpetual  Curacy  of  Barmby-on-Marsh,  in  the  parish  of 
Howden,  three  and  a-half  miles  distant,  E.R.  [Calamy, 
1st  Edn.,  says  from  the  rectory  of  Bransby,  which  is 
near  Easingwold,  N.R.] 

A  family  of  this  name  held  the  manor  of  Heming- 
brough.  In  1626  John  Pomeroy  was  appointed  curate 
of  St.  John's,  Beverley  (the  Minster),  where  he  continued 
many  years.  He  is  said  to  have  preached  at  the  Minster 
on  Sunday  mornings,  and  Stephen  Hill  in  the  afternoons. 
He  kept  school  in  Beverley,  and  prepared  several  for  the 
University,  1630. 

About  1650  he  was  assistant  to  James  Burney  (presented 
1632)  as  preacher  at  Beverley,  with  a  salary  of  £16  per 
annum  (Chancery  Surv.,  Vol.  III.,  p.  52,  St.  John's) ;  Mr. 
Wilson  being  vicar  of  St.  Mary's,  "a  constant  preacher." 
His  last  dated  signature  at  Beverley  of  which  we  know,  is 
February  nth,  1652-3. 

In  1654  we  find  him  at  Barlby,  a  chapelry  in  the  parish 
of  Hemingbrough,  two  and  a-half  miles  from  Selby : 
"  Mr.  Pomroy,  a  preaching  minister,  salary  arbitrary  " 
(Pari.  Sur.).  In  1655,  together  with  Joseph  Kellett  and 
Paul  Glissen,  he  signed  an  Address  to  the  Reader  in  a 
tract  against  the  Quakers.  In  1657  tne  minister's  name 
at  Barlby  is  given  as  Hanby. 

Probably  at  this  time,  certainly  before  the  Restoration, 
he  removed  to  Barmby-on-Marsh,  about  five  miles  from 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  119 

Barlby.  The  inhabitants  of  Barmby  had  the  unusual 
privilege  of  electing  their  own  minister.  But  he  is 
mentioned  as  marrying  a  couple  at  Barlby  on  January 
20th,  1661-2. 

After  the  ejection  he  became  chaplain  to  Sir  Wm. 
Strickland  at  Boynton,  near  Bridlington,  but  did  not 
long  survive,  and  died  at  Beverley.  He  is  described  as 
"a  grave  old  man,"  of  considerable  abilities  and  an 
exemplary  conversation. 

One  of  the  same  name,  perhaps  his  son,  made  a  will  at 
Barmby  on  June  16th,  1683,  leaving  to  his  wife  a  house 
in  "  Lasgate "  [Lairgate],  Beverley.  ("History  of 
Hemingbrough.") 

no.  PRIME,  Edward  (1631-1708),  was  ejected  from  the 
Parish  Church  of  Sheffield,  of  which  he  was  assistant 
minister. 

He  was  born  at  Weston,  in  Derbyshire ;  educated  at 
Chesterfield  Grammar  School  and  at  Christ's  College, 
Cambridge.  On  leaving  the  University  he  became  tutor 
in  the  family  of  Thomas  Westby,  J. P.,  of  Ravenfield  ; 
and  afterwards  minister  of  Baslow  in  the  Peak.  In  1655 
he  was  chosen  by  the  burgesses  of  Sheffield  one  of  the 
assistant  ministers  at  the  Parish  Church,  of  which  Mr. 
Fisher  was  vicar. 

After  his  ejection  (along  with  the  vicar  and  the  other 
assistants)  he  was  more  fortunate  than  many  of  his 
brethren  in  escaping  the  operation  of  the  severe  laws 
against  nonconformists,  and  was  bountifully  provided 
for  by  generous  friends.  He  continued  to  reside  in 
Sheffield ;  and  under  the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  had 
licence  to  preach  in  his  own  house  as  a  Presbyterian 
(May  29th,  1672) ;  the  malthouse  of  Robert  Brilsworth 
being  also  licensed  for  the  same  purpose  (June  10th). 
He  also  kept  up  a  fortnightly  lecture  at  Weston  from  the 
time  of  his  ejectment  to  his  death,  forty-five  years.  Under 
the  Toleration  Act  his  house  at  Sheffield  was  recorded  for  a 
meeting  of  Protestant  Dissenters,  July  31st,  1689 ;  and 


120    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

he  frequently  preached  at  Attercliffe.  He  continued  his 
ministry  till  numerous  infirmities  disabled  him.  He 
always  very  solemnly  observed  Bartholomew's  Day,  and 
preached  upon  that  occasion.  The  last  time  was  in  1707, 
on  the  text,  Josh.  xiv.  10:  "And  now  behold  the 
Lord  hath  kept  me  alive  these  forty  and  five  years."  He 
died  April  16th,  1708,  aged  about  77  years,  and  was 
interred  in  the  parish  churchyard,  being  the  last  of  six 
of  the  ejected  ministers  laid  therein,  viz. : — Birkbeck 
1674,  Durant  1678,  Richard  Taylor  1680,  Hancock  1684, 
Baxter  1697,  and  himself.  His  funeral  sermon  was 
preached  from  Heb.  xii.  23,  by  his  son-in-law,  Robert 
Fern,  of  Wirksworth,*  and  was  published.  His  learning, 
piety,  and  ministerial  gifts  were  very  conspicuous.  He 
had  a  warm  heart  and  a  clear  methodical  head ;  and  was 
distinguished  for  a  latitude  of  judgment  above  many,  so 
that  he  did  not  refuse  occasional  communion  with  his 
conforming  brethren.  He  had  a  respect  for  all  godly 
and  pious  ministers,  whether  of  one  denomination  or 
another,  and  kept  up  a  loving  correspondence  with  them 
to  the  last. 

in.  PROCTER,  Anthony,  M.A.  (  -1702),  was  ejected 
from  the  Vicarage  of  Well,  four  miles  from  Masham 
and  Bedale,  and  afterwards  conformed. 

He  was  appointed  vicar  of  Masham  and  Kirkby  Malzeard 
in  1651,  and  removed  to  Well  in  1655.  After  his  ejection 
he  resided  at  Kirkby  Malzeard,  four  miles  from  Masham, 
where  he  had  licence  for  a  meeting  in  his  own  house  as 
a  Presbyterian  (November  20th,  1672).  One  of  his  name 
(perhaps  his  son)  was  received  into  Frankland's  Academy 
at  Rathmell  (April  7th,  1670).  On  conforming  he  was 
presented  to  the  curacy  of  Ravenstonedale,  Westmore- 
land, by  the  patron,  Philip,  Lord  Wharton  (October 
23rd,  1673) ;  he  afterwards  became  rector  of  Deane,  1689, 
and  was  buried  July  28th,  1702. 

*  His  daughter  Hephzibah  was  married  (1)  to  Chr.  Richardson,  and  (2) 
to  R.  Fern. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  12I 

112.  PROCTER,  Charles,  was  ejected  from  the  Vicarage  of 

Whitkivk,  near  Leeds. 

He  was  there  in  1650,  "  a  painfull  preaching  minister  " 
(Pari.  Sur.). 

He  is  not  mentioned  by  Calamy ;  but  see  Gentleman's 
Magazine,  1811,  Jan.  21,  Mar.  209. 

113.  RATHBAND,  Nathaniel,  M.A.,  was  ejected  from  the 

Rectory  of  Ripley,  near  Knaresbrough,  in  1662. 

He  was  son  of  William  Rathband,  who  was  a  notable 
minister  at  Blackley,  Lanes.  ;  appointed  by  the  House  of 
Lords  to  Leighton  Buzzard  (1643) ;  member  of  the 
Assembly  of  Divines ;  and  author  of  "  A  Grave  and 
Modest  Confutation  of  the  Errors  of  the  Brownists," 
1644.  His  brother  William  was  ejected  at  Southweald, 
near  Brentwood,  and  died  in  1695.  Nathaniel  took  his 
degree  at  Edinburgh  University;  became  curate  of  the 
chapelry  of  Sowerby,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax,  1635  ;  was 
approved  by  the  Assembly  as  "fit  to  be  the  fourth  minis- 
ter of  York,"  1645.  He  signed  the  West  Riding 
Ministers'  Attestation,  1648,  and  signed  a  certificate,  1650. 
He  was  minister  at  Prestwich  from  1652  to  1656,  when 
he  became  rector  of  Ripley  and  resigned  at  the 
Restoration. 

He  is  not  mentioned  by  Calamy.  One  of  the  clergy  of 
York  (Newcome)  saw  him  there  in  1665  ;  but  what 
became  of  him  is  unknown.  A  Mr.  Rathband  had  licence 
at  Horsemondel,  Kent,  1672 ;  he  may  or  may  not  be  the 
same. 

"John  Kershaw,  M.A.,  succeeded  him  at  Ripley,  died 
1684  J  ne  was  a  Halifax  man,  and  had  found  shelter  frorn 
Parliament  at  Mrs.  Hutton's,  Poppleton  "  (Kirkburton, 
p.  90). 

114.  RICHARDSON,   Christopher,  M.A.  (1618-1698),  was 

ejected  from  the  Rectory  of  Kirkheaton,  near  Hudders- 
field. 

He  was  baptized  at  the  Parish  Church  of  St.  Mary's, 


122     YORKSHIRE  P URITA NISM  A ND  EA RLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Bishop-Hill,  York,  January  17th,  1618 ;  educated  at 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1637,  M.A.  1640;  and 
about  1646  succeeded  at  Kirkheaton  Richard  Sykes,  who 
had  refused  to  sign  the  Covenant,  but  was  cleared  from 
his  delinquency  by  an  ordinance,  January  6th,  1647-8 
(Lords'  Jour.  IX.  641).  Richardson  signed  the  West 
Riding  Ministers'  Attestation  in  1648 ;  was  "  a  godly  and 
well  affected  minister "  (Pari.  Sur.).  He  purchased 
Lassell  Hall  at  Kirkheaton  in  1648  ;  and  after  his  ejection 
continued  to  preach  in  the  Hall,  using  the  staircase  as 
a  pulpit,  so  as  to  enable  him  to  escape  in  case  constables 
should  come  in  to  apprehend  him  for  holding  a  con- 
venticle. He  also  acted  as  chaplain  to  Mr.  William 
Cotton,  Denby  Grange,  Worsley,  an  iron-master,  of 
Denby,  and  a  generous  friend  to  several  ejected  ministers 
(see  Spofford)  ;  and  had  licence  to  preach  in  his  house  as 
a  Presbyterian  (May  8th,  1672) ;  also  for  his  own  house 
at  Layton. 

Besides  preaching  on  Lord's  days  he  had  a  lecture  at 
his  house  once  a  month,  when  several  of  his  noncon- 
formist brethren  attended.  He  was  often  visited  by 
Heywood,  and  frequently  preached  at  Sheffield,  and 
Norton,  Derbyshire. 

In  1687  he  removed  to  Liverpool,  where  he  became 
the  founder  of  nonconformity.  He  first  preached  at 
Castle  Hey  in  Harrington  Street,  and  afterwards  at 
Toxteth  Park  Chapel.  He  died  December  5th,  1698, 
aged  80,  and  was  buried  at  St.  Nicholas'  Church.  He 
had  a  robust  constitution  which  continued  to  old  age. 
The  style  of  his  preaching  was  to  the  last  very  neat  and 
accurate,  but  plain  and  taking.  He  was  mighty  in  the 
Scriptures,  being  able  on  a  sudden  to  analyse,  ex- 
pound and  improve  any  chapter  he  read  in  the  pious 
families  which  he  visited.  In  Yorkshire  he  was  much 
followed. 

His  wife  Elizabeth  died  in  1668,  and  he  married,  in 
1682,  for  his  second  wife,  Hephzibah,  daughter  of  Edward 
Prime,  ejected  minister  of  Sheffield,  who,  after  his  death, 
became  wife  of  Robert  Fern,  minister  of  Wirksworth. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  123 

115.  RICHARDSON,  Edward,  D.D.  (  -1667),  was 

ejected  from  the  Collegiate  Church  at  Ripon. 

This  College  was  dissolved  early  in  the  Revolution,  and 
the  Dean,  Sub-dean  and  Prebendaries  ejected.  Walker 
says  they  "  held  a  Chapter,  June,  1640,  which  is  all  the 
authority  that  I  have  for  making  the  latter  of  them  the 
particular  persons  who  suffered  at  the  Dissolution  of  the 
College."  He  enumerates  Thomas  Dod,  D.D.,  Dean; 
Matthew  Levett,  M.A.,  Sub-dean;  John  Favour,  First 
Prebend.;  Rd.  Marsh,  D.D.,  second;  Richard  Moyles, 
third  ;  Thomas  Astell,  fourth  ;  and  two  others  unknown  ; 
and  says  "the  Prebendaries  were  all  of  them  beneficed 
also,  but  how  any  of  them  fared  except  Dr.  Marsh  at 
their  several  livings  I  know  not." 

"  One  who  called  himself  Dr.  Richardson  was 
appointed  to  preach  in  the  Minster  by  the  Parliament, 
though  in  all  probability  he  was  never  in  any  Orders, 
Presbyterian  or  Episcopal  "  (Walker).  Of  Richardson's 
antecedents  our  information  is  very  defective ;  but  it  is 
not  likely  that  he  would  have  been  appointed  to  or 
continued  in  this  position  without  at  least  Presbyterian 
ordination.  He  signed  the  West  Riding  Ministers' 
Attestation  in  favour  of  Presbyterian  government  in 
1648,  as  "  Edward  Richardson,  Minister  of  the  Gospel 
at  Rippon,  D.D."  He  was  described  in  the  Parliamentary 
Survey  (1650)  as  "a  very  able  and  painfull  minister, 
who  was  settled  there  by  order  from  the  committee  for 
plundered  ministers;  yet  hath  neither  tithes  nor  other 
parochial  dues  belonging  to  him.  Yet  he  had  £200  by 
order  of  Parliament,  but  whether  it  had  been  duly  paid 
to  him  we  are  not  informed." 

In  the  following  year  (August  31st),  he  lost  his  wife, 
Dorcas,  daughter  of  Julius  Hering,  a  zealous  Puritan 
minister  and  lecturer  at  St.  Alkmund's,  Shrewsbury. 
She  is  commemorated  in  a  lengthy  Latin  inscription, 
now  much  defaced,  in  the  south  aisle  of  the  choir  at 
Ripon,  which  concluded  with  these  verses : 

EYAAPKH2  Dorcas,  mulier  speciosa  superna, 
Est  et  erit  TAYKYAEPKH2  terq.  quaterq.  beata. 


i24     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  A ND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

If  everlasting  streams  of  love  can  dry, 
If  humble  patience,  prudence,  piety 
Can  ever  fade,  then  may  blest  Dorcas  dy. 

He  afterwards  married  a  second  wife,  of  the  family  of 
Allason  or  Allison  of  York. 

After  the  Restoration  and  the  Act  of  Uniformity  he 
felt  greatly  dissatisfied  with  the  prevailing  condition  of 
things,  and  held  conferences  with  others  of  similar 
sentiments  at  Knaresborough  Spa  and  elsewhere.  It 
was  surmised  that  a  widespread  plot  existed  to  "  restore 
a  Gospel  ministry  and  magistracy."  This  plot  is  usually 
called  The  Farnley  Wood  Plot,  because  of  the  place 
where  on  the  night  of  the  12th  October,  1663 — as  it  was 
asserted  by  informers — the  rebels  were  to  assemble  in 
force.  As  a  matter  of  fact  a  few  persons,  misled  by 
trepanners,  did  meet  there ;  and  finding  nothing  stirring 
separated  and  returned  to  their  homes,  to  be  afterwards 
arrested. 

But  some  months  before  that  date  full  information 
was  in  the  hands  of  the  Government  concerning  disaffected 
persons,  and  was  made  use  of  to  inveigle  as  many  as 
possible  into  the  snare.  Many  were  arrested  before  the 
supposed  gathering,  and  it  was  made  an  occasion  of 
inflicting  upon  them  and  others  severe  and  unjust 
penalties.  Great  numbers  were  harassed,  over  100 
arrested  and  sent  to  York  Castle,  twenty-two  were  hung, 
drawn,  and  quartered,  and  not  a  few  died  in  prison. 

More  than  two  months  before  the  day  appointed 
Richardson  was  arrested  for  intercourse  with  John  Hilles, 
of  Durham,  sent  to  York  and  lodged  in  a  private  house 
of  great  security.  But  he  and  his  sureties  escaped.  He 
left  York  on  August  6th,  was  at  Lynn  on  the  13th,  and 
on  the  19th  fled  to  Holland.  At  first  he  resided  at 
Rotterdam  practising  medicine ;  but  being  vigilantly 
pursued  by  agents  of  the  English  Government  the 
authorities  there  requested  him  to  leave  the  city.  On 
being  asked  whether  they  would  deliver  him  up  if 
demanded,  they  said  "  No,"  but  they  would  not  willingly 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  125 

be  put  to  the  necessity  of  refusing;  and  he  then  deemed 
it  safest  to  leave  the  city,  lest  he  should  be  taken  captive 
and  carried  on  board  an  English  ship. 

Edmund  Custis  wrote  to  Secretary  Bennet,  March 
4th,  1664,  "  The  bird  is  flown  to  Amsterdam,  where  he 
appears  publicly  and  is  printing  two  tracts  on  religious 
controversies  "  ;  and  he  advised,  March  nth,  that  M  Sir 
Roger  Langley  should  search  for  his  writings  at  his  wife's 
lodgings  at  York,  where  she  is  a  prisoner  at  her  brother 
Allason's  "  ;  also  stating,  March  18th,  that  he  had  spent 
some  hours  with  him,  but  could  persuade  him  to  confess 
nothing  except  that  he  knew  of  a  plot.  In  April,  1666, 
war  having  been  declared  against  the  Dutch,  a  procla- 
mation was  issued  recalling  him  and  others  who  had 
remained  beyond  seas  contrary  to  the  former  proclamation, 
and  having  treasonably  served  in  the  war  against  their 
native  country  to  undergo  their  lawful  trial  under  pain  of 
being  attainted  of  high  treason.  On  August  16th,  1666, 
Custis  sends  a  letter  of  Richardson's  (who  was  evidently 
aware  of  his  intention),  expressing  thanks  for  good  news 
of  his  son,  whom  he  believed  cast  away  in  his  ship,  and 
stating  that  "he  was  of  no  party  but  that  of  Jesus  against 
wickedness ;  desired  the  ruin  of  no  man,  especially  not 
of  his  native  country,  nor  king  ;  and  concerns  himself 
not  in  the  war,  and  prays  for  the  safety  of  the  place  and 
people  where  he  enjoys  his  freedom,  which  few  kings  on 
earth  were  worthy  to  give ;  greater  things  are  on  the 
wheel,  and  he  hoped  soon  to  be  found  in  Mount  Zion." 
As  late  as  March  4th,  1667,  warrants  were  issued  for  the 
arrest  of  several  of  the  so-called  Farnley  Wood 
conspirators,  among  whom  were  Jeremy  Marsden  and 
Dr.  Edward  Richardson. 

But  in  that  year  or  soon  after  he  died.  He  had 
succeeded  Mr.  Newcomen  as  pastor  of  the  English 
Church  at  Leyden,  and  was  a  popular  preacher.  He 
became  very  expert  in  the  language  of  the  country, 
and  wrote  a  book  entitled  "  Anglo-Belgica  j  or  the 
English  and  Dutch  Academy,"  printed  at  Amsterdam, 
1677. 


126     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

116.  ROBINSON,    John,   was   ejected   from  the  Chapelry 

of  Rastrick,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax. 

Oliver  Hey  wood  says  of  Rastrick :  "  After  Mr.  Kay 
(John  Kaye,  1655,  who  conformed,  and  was  minister  first 
at  Dewsbury  and  then  at  St.  John's  Church,  Leeds), 
came  some  whom  I  have  forgotten  till  Mr.  Robinson,  an 
old  man,  inclined  to  Antinomianism ;  accounted  an 
honest  man  ;  turned  out  upon  nonconformity  in  1662  ;  he 
died  there  not  long  ago,  having  taught  school  there, 
breeding  two  sons,  scholars."  (Diar.  IV.  323.)  A  legacy 
left  to  Rastrick  Chapel  was  paid  to  him  March  4th,  1662. 

117.  ROBINSON,  Joseph  (  -1663),  was  ejected  from 

the  Rectory  of  Cottingham,  in  the  East  Riding. 

After  Samuel  Winter  became  Provost  of  Dublin,  1650, 
he  was  succeeded  by  Christopher  Nesse;  who,  on  his 
removal  to  Leeds,  was  followed  by  Robinson,  but  the 
exact  date  of  his  coming  is  uncertain.  The  Parish 
Register  affords  no  information  on  this  point.  In  1653 
(October  14th),  Matthew  Haggard  was  appointed 
registrar  with  the  approval  of  David  Hotham,  a  Justice 
of  the  Peace ;  and  his  name  was  associated  in  1656  with 
that  of  Arthur  Noell.  Haggard  died  in  December,  1661, 
and  about  this  time  the  handwriting  of  Robinson  first 
appears,  although  he  may  have  been  minister  some  years 
previously.  The  Burial  Register  is  headed,  "Novissima 
Contextura  Tabula  Funeralis  from  1661  per  me  Joseph 
Robinson,  servant  in  the  Gospel  of  Christ  of  the  Parish 
of  Cottingham,  in  the  month  of  November."  The  first 
entry  is  August  16th,  1661,  the  last  August  28th,  1662. 
The  first  entry  in  the  Baptismal  Register  is  April,  1661. 
The  first  entry  in  the  Marriage  Register,  September  3rd, 
1661 ;  the  last  June,  1662.  Robinson  was  a  man  of  great 
piety,  but  was  clouded  with  melancholy,  and  died  soon 
after  his  ejectment. 

A  Congregational  Chapel  was  not  built  till  after  the 
Act  of  Toleration.  Its  Register  commences  in  1692,  and 
its  first  minister  (1696)  was  Abraham  Dawson,  son  of 
Joseph  Dawson,  ejected  at  Thornton,  Bradford. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  127 

118.  ROOTE,    Henry    (1590-1669),  was    ejected    from    the 
Chapelry  of  Sowerby,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax. 

He  was  educated  at  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge, 
and  travelled  much  in  his  younger  days.  About  1632, 
the  minister  of  Denton  Chapel,  in  the  parish  of 
Manchester,  "  being  banished  thence  by  a  suspension," 
the  congregation  had  some  thoughts  of  inviting  Mr. 
Roote  to  take  his  place ;  but  John  Angier,  a  native  of 
Essex,  was  chosen,  and  Roote  became  minister  at  Gorton 
in  the  same  parish,  where  he  continued  over  ten  years. 

In  1634  he  baptized  a  daughter  of  Angier's,who  became 
Heywood's  first  wife ;  and  in  1643  preached  in  Manchester 
Collegiate  Church  on  the  day  of  Mr.  Angier's  second 
marriage.  While  at  Gorton  he  became  acquainted  with 
Samuel  Eaton,  of  Dukinfield,  who  had  returned  from 
New  England  (1640),  and  sympathized  with  his 
Congregational  principles.  After  Dr.  Marsh  left  Halifax 
(1643),  Roote  was  appointed  preacher  at  the  Parish 
Church  there,  and  continued  till  March  28th,  1645, 
when  he  removed  to  Sowerby.  He  was  the  first  to  form 
a  Congregational  Church  in  the  parish.  To  this,  allusion 
is  made  by  Edwards,  the  Presbyterian,  who  says : 

11 A  minister  in  York  writes  a  letter  to  a  minister  in  London, 
dated  January  29th,  1645-6  :  '  Sects  begun  to  grow  fast  in  these 
northern  parts,  for  want  of  a  settlement  in  discipline.  Mr.  R. 
hath  gathered  an  Independent  congregation  in  Halifax  Parish, 
and  some  others  are  about  to  do  also.  I  could  wish  we  were 
reduced  into  Presbyteries  to  prevent  further  mischief. 

"  '  And  for  the  north  besides,  many  instances  I  could  give  you 
of  Hull,  Beverley,  York,  Halifax,  &c,  of  Independent  churches 
gathered  there  and  of  many  Anabaptists  and  other  sectaries  in 
those  places.'"     (M  Gangraena,"  Part  II.,  pp.  108,  123.) 

u  Copy  of  a  letter  out  of  Yorkshire  concerning  an  Independent 
church  in  that  county.  It  states  that  the  writer  and  others  had 
interfered  with  Mr.  Roote  on  the  subject  of  choosing  officers  for 
the  church  and  endeavoured  to  put  off  their  choice  till  they  had 
a  conference  with  some  godly  ministers  to  ascertain  the  true  way. 
Mr.  Roote's  answer  was,  that  before  anything  was  done  they  must 
have  satisfaction  for  what  wrongs  they  had  sustained,  provided 
they  might  do  the  like  against  our  way.  It  was  thought  fit  by 
the  inhabitants  of  the  place  for  that  day  to  lock  the  chapel  doors, 


128     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

to  testify  their  not  approving  their  way;  and  so  it  was  done, 
which  doth  much  incense  them  ;  and  the  last  Sabbath  day  they 
had  the  liberty  of  the  Chapel  wherein  they  began  their  election  of 
Deacons."— February  9th,  1645-6.     ("  Gangraena,"  Part  III.) 

He  succeeded  in  organizing  a  Congregational  Church, 
and  among  the  members  who  joined  it  during  the  next 
few  years  were  the  following  : 

Francis  Priestley, 

Richard    Bentley    (father    of    Eli    Bentley,   the 
ejected  minister  at  Halifax), 

John    Greenwood    (brother    of   Dr.    Greenwood, 
vice-chancellor  of  Oxford), 

Josiah  Stansfeld,  of  Bowood, 

Joshua  Horton,  J.P., 

Capt.  John  Hodgson,  of  Coley,  and 

Robert  Tillotson  (father  of  the  Archbishop). 
Young  Tillotson  was  on  very  friendly  terms  with 
Henry  Roote,  and  when  a  student  at  Clare  Hall, 
Cambridge,  wrote  to  him,  December  6th,  1649,*  seeking 
his  advice  as  to  taking  the  Engagement  "to  be  faithful 
to  the  Government  established,  without  King  or  House 
of  Peers."  In  1650  the  Committee  for  compoundings 
settled  £50  per  annum  of  the  unpropriated  tithes  of 
Duckmanton  in  the  county  of  Derby  to  the  use  and  for 
"  the  maintenance  of  Mr.  Henry  Roote,  now  minister  of 
the  chapel  at  Sowerby,  and  his  successors  there  for 
ever." 

In  1654  Mr.  Roote  was  appointed  an  assistant 
commissioner  for  ejecting  ignorant  and  scandalous 
ministers  in  the  West  Riding.  When  Robert  Con- 
stantine  was  outed  from  Oldham  for  refusing  the 
Engagement,  and  John  Lake  (a  Halifax  man,  afterwards 
Bishop  of  Chichester)  was  appointed,  first  as  an 
occasional  preacher  and  then  under  an  order  of  the 
Committee  for  plundered  ministers,  the  partisans  of 
Constantine  brought  charges  of  inadequacy  against 
him.  Henry  Roote  wrote  the  following  letter  to  Col. 
Worsley  and  Mr.  Wiggan,  at  St.  James's,  Westminster : 

*  The  letter  is  given  at  length  by  Palmer. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  129 

"Honoured  Friends, 

I  would  intreate  you  to  contribute  your  best  assistance  to 
your  neighbours  at  Ouldham  for  the  removal  of  Mr.  Lake,  minister 
there.  I  know  he  hath  been  a  grand  enemie  to  the  Parliament, 
and  in  armes  in  former  times.  Hee  ever  when  he  lived  with  us* 
sided  and  kept  company  with  the  basest  and  most  malignant. 
He  was  an  enemie  to  the  poure  of  religion.  All  this  is  for  former 
times.  I  think  those  that  solicite  against  him  can  say  more  for 
his  miscarriage  in  latter  times,  which  if  they  doe  I  pray  you  do 
your  utmost  to  clear  the  coast  of  him.  I  have  no  more  but  my 
respects  to  you  and  the  rest  of  your  Godly  officers,  and  doe 
subscribe  myself  yours  in  all  Christian  service. 

Sorbie,  August  9,  1652.  Henry  Roote." 

He     continued     in     intimate     association    with     his 
friends  in  Lancashire,  and   appended  his  name   to  the 
Propositions  for  accommodation  between  Presbyterians 
and  Independents  agreed  upon  at  Manchester,  July  13th, 
1659 ;  the  other  Independents  being  : 
Samuel  Eaton, 
Thomas  Smallwood, 
Michael  Bristoe, 

John  Jollie  (brother  of  Thomas  Jollie,  of  Altham), 
Jeremy  Marsden, 
Robert  Birch  (Manchester). 
(Halley  :  2/3,  2/90,  99  ;    Hibbert's  "  History  of  the 
Collegiate  Church,  Manchester.") 

When  the  Presbyterian  rising  under  Sir  George  Booth 
(afterwards  created  Lord  Delamere)  was  put  down  by 
the  energy  of  General  Lambert,  and  Colonel  Lilburn 
arrived  in  Manchester  and  took  command  of  the 
Republican  army,  Roote  preached  to  the  soldiers  in  the 
Collegiate  Church,  Sunday,  August  21st,  1659. 

On  July  17th,  1662,  just  before  the  Act  of  Uniformity 
came  into  operation,  a  conference  was  held  at  Joshua 
Horton's  between  Roote  and  other  Congregationalists, 
viz. : 

Capt.  Pickeringe  (of  Tingley),  Capt.  Hodgson, 
Christopher  Marshall  (Woodchurch),  Briscoe,  Eaton, 
Roote,  "  all  Phanatique  Ministers  " ;  John  Greenwood, 

*  Lake  had  been  at  Halifax  from  July  26th,  1647,  to  September,  1648. 
K 


1 30     YORKSHIRE  P  URITA  NISM  A  ND  EA  RL  Y  NONCONFORMITY, 

of  Redbrinke,  John  Lume,  of  Westercroft,  Josias 
Stansfeld. 

Of  this  meeting  information  was  sent  to  the  Secretary 
of  State  and  a  Commission  of  Inquiry  appointed  ;  but 
nothing  could  be  proved  against  the  persons  mentioned. 

Mr.  Roote  preached  in  the  chapel  for  above  half  a 
year  after  Bartholomew's  Day,  and  was  then  treated 
with  great  severity. 

11  He  was  forcibly  taken  out  of  his  own  house  by  virtue  of  a 
mittimus  upon  a  significavit,  and  three  bailiffs  who  were  employed 
on  this  occasion  broke  the  inner  door  of  a  room  where  he  was 
sitting  and  hurried  him  away  in  a  manner  unsuitable  to  his  age 
and  weakness.  They  would  not  suffer  him  so  much  as  to  take  his 
coat,  his  staff,  or  even  his  money  he  had  by  him  to  defray  his 
expenses.  They  treated  him  in  various  other  respects  with 
rudeness  and  cruelty.  He  was  a  prisoner  in  York  Castle  for  three 
months.  And  some  time  after  he  had  been  released  he  was 
committed  a  second  time  and  continued  there  for  three  months 
longer.  But  the  Justices  having  discovered  the  commitment  to 
have  been  illegal,  he  was  discharged. 

"  Yet  he  was  a  third  time  sent  to  the  same  prison  by  Sir  John 
Armitage,  without  any  cause  being  assigned.  He  was  kept  close 
prisoner  in  a  small  room  for  a  considerable  time ;  his  wife  was  not 
permitted  to  visit  him  nor  even  to  come  into  the  Castle."  ("  Con- 
formists' Fourth  Plea  for  the  Nonconformists.") 

The  members  of  his  church  now  met  in  private  houses, 
as  they  had  opportunity ;  and  notwithstanding  his 
advanced  age  he  preached  at  various  places  in  the 
neighbourhood.  On  a  day  of  thanksgiving,  May  21st, 
1668,  Heywood  says :  "  We  had  the  assistance  of  old 
Mr.  Roote,  Mr.  Dawson  and  a  great  number  of 
Christians;  it  was  a  very  sweet  day,  my  heart  was 
much  affected,  we  sung  Psalms,  feared  nothing." 

But  his  labours  were  now  nearly  at  an  end.  He  died 
in  the  following  year,  October  20th,  1669,  aged  nearly 
80,  and  was  interred  at  Sowerby  "  with  much 
solemnity."  Giving  an  account  some  years  subsequently 
of  conforming  members  in  the  parish  of  Halifax, 
Heywood  states :  "  Mr.  Paul  Bairstow  is  there  (at 
Lightcliffe)  now ;  who  was  a  schoolmaster  at  Sowerby, 
and  made  a  jeering  copy  of  verses  upon  old  Mr.  Roote, 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  131 

and  caused  a  scholar  to  cast  them  upon  his  coffin  when 
he  was  a  putting  into  the  grave  ;  they  fell  down  at  my 
feet,  wherein  there  was  a  horrid  abuse  of  the  old  man  ; 
though  his  father,  Michael  Bairstew,  was  one  of  Mr. 
Roote's  church  at  Sowerby." 

The  widow  of  Henry  Roote  and  other  members  of 
his  "  gathered  society "  united  with  the  society  of 
Northowram  (which  was  regarded  as  Presbyterian,  but 
really  differed  little  from  a  Congregational  society)  in 
observing  the  Lord's  Supper  (1673)  ;  and  they  "  fully 
acquiesced,"  Hey  wood  says,  "  in  my  fidelity  as  to  the 
admission  of  our  church  members."  Joshua  Horton 
also  built  a  meeting-house  at  Quarry  Hill,  Sowerby, 
and  maintained  a  lecture  there  while  the  licences  were 
in  force,  about  three  years  (1672-5).  After  that, 
meetings  were  held  at  the  house  of  Samuel  Hopkinson, 
and  elsewhere ;  but  the  congregation  was  scattered, 
many  going  to  Warley  and  other  places,  and  a  chapel 
was  not  built  till  some  years  later. 

119.  ROOTE,  Timothy  (1635-1689),  was   ejected  from   the 
Chapelry  of  Sowerby  Bridge,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax. 

He  was  son  of  Henry  Roote,  minister  at  Sowerby,  and 
born  at  Gorton,  near  Manchester.  He  was  educated  at 
Sowerby  under  Thomas  Preston,  schoolmaster ;  admitted 
to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge ;  sizar,  tutor  and  surety 
Mr.  Grandorge,  March  13th,  1653-4,  aet»  x8.  At  Sowerby 
Bridge  the  minister  was  Daniel  Bentley  (brother  of  Eli), 
from  1655  to  his  death  early  in  1660,  when  he  was 
succeeded  by  Timothy  Roote. 

After  his  ejection  he  proved  himself  a  diligent  preacher, 
and  was  a  great  sufferer  for  his  nonconformity. 

On  August  19th,  1665,  the  pursuivants  took  him  and 
others  to  carry  them  to  York  before  the  Duke  of  Buck- 
ingham. He  was  obliged  to  leave  his  habitation  and  his 
family,  with  a  farm  he  occupied,  to  his  great  loss. 

In  1666  he  was  living  with  his  wife's  father,  Robert 
Binns,  of  Slaithwaite.  When  he  was  in  Lancashire 
among  some   relatives   he   was   invited    to   preach  in  a 


132     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

chapel  there, — and  in  the  time  of  Divine  service  a  certain 
doctor  came  and  disturbed  him,  exhibiting  an  indict- 
ment against  him  for  preaching ;  but  the  doctor  having 
made  a  mistake  respecting  his  proper  name,  he  was 
dismissed.  Five  months  after  he  was  invited  to  preach 
at  the  same  chapel  again,  and  it  being  vacant  he  com- 
plied. For  this  he  was  indicted  and  put  to  a  great  deal 
of  trouble  and  expense. 

In  August,  1670,  he  was  invited  to  preach  at  Shadwell 
Chapel,  in  the  parish  of  Thorner,  near  Leeds,  which  was 
vacant ;  and  while  he  was  singing  a  Psalm  Lord  Savile 
came  with  twenty-four  troopers  and  some  bailiffs.  Mr. 
Roote  was  dragged  out  of  the  pulpit  into  the  chapel  yard, 
where  his  life  was  endangered  by  the  trampling  of  the 
horses.  Mr.  Roote  desired  them  to  keep  off  their  horses, 
saying,  "  I  am  in  your  hands  and  ye  are  in  God's 
hands."  Lord  Savile  said,  "  In  God's  hands  !  Nay,  thou 
art  in  the  devil's  hands." 

They  searched  his  pockets,  and  finding  a  receipt  in 
which  his  name  was  inserted  they  made  a  mittimus  to 
carry  him  to  York  gaol;  where  he  was  kept  close 
prisoner.  The  gaoler  told  him  except  he  would  give  him 
£20  he  should  be  loaded  with  double  irons  and  confined 
among  the  felons  in  the  low  gaol.  After  fourteen  days' 
confinement  in  an  upper  room  he  was  brought  forth  and 
double  irons  were  put  upon  him,  heavier  than  those  of 
the  common  thieves,  whose  fellow-prisoner  he  was  now 
to  be.  The  gaoler  locked  the  inner  door  in  the  day-time, 
and  would  not  permit  him  the  liberty  allowed  to  the 
felons  of  taking  air  in  the  Castle  yard.  Mr.  Roote  pro- 
cured a  bed,  which  the  gaoler  would  not  suffer  him  to 
set  up,  but  compelled  him  to  lie  upon  straw.  On  the 
Lord's  Day  he  would  have  preached  to  the  prisoners ; 
but  while  he  was  at  prayer  an  order  was  brought  from 
the  head  gaoler  requiring  him  to  desist.  When  he  had 
continued  for  some  time  in  this  confinement,  two  Justices 
in  the  west  sent  a  certificate  for  him,  upon  which  he  was 
released,  though  not  without  giving  bond  for  his  appear- 
ance at  the  next  sessions.     He  accordingly  appeared,  but 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  133 

no  indictment  being  found  against  him  he  was  finally 
discharged.  These  troubles  were  attended  with  great 
expense,  and  were  afflictive  and  even  hazardous  to  his 
wife,  who  about  this  time  lay  in  of  her  fourth  child 
<"  Conformists'  Plea  "). 

Heywood  gives  a  fuller  account  of  his  arrest  at  Shad- 
well,  stating  that  Lord  Savile  was  accompanied  by  Mr. 
Copley,  Mr.  Hammond  and  forty  of  Lord  Freshwell's 
troopers  from  York,  who  conveyed  him  to  York  and  put 
him  in  the  Castle ;  also  took  400  or  500  names  of  people, 
seized  on  their  horses,  made  them  pay  5s.  a-piece  before 
they  had  them  back.  This  was  done  August  28th,  1670. 
He  was  kept  close  prisoner,  put  into  the  low  gaol  among 
twelve  thieves,  had  double  irons  laid  on  him  for  four 
days  and  nights,  but  upon  Capt.  Hodgson's  importunity 
with  Mr.  Copley  he  was  released. 

On  his  release  he  kept  a  day  of  thanksgiving  with 
Heywood  at  "  Slaughthwaite,"  October  4th,  1670. 

Under  the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  he  had  licence  to 
preach  at  the  house  of  Samuel  Goodall,  at  Bramley,  near 
Leeds  (May  29th,  1672) ;  the  house  of  Samuel  Ellison 
there  being  also  licensed  at  the  same  time. 

In  1673  he  was  one  of  the  four  regular  preachers  at 
the  meeting-house  at  Sowerby,  built  by  Justice  Horton, 
and  received  a  small  allowance  for  his  services. 

In  1676  we  find  him  preaching  at  Flanshaw ;  in  1677 
at  Flanshaw ;  and  in  1678  he  seems  to  have  been  living 
at  Wakefield,  as  Heywood  called  upon  him  there  in 
1679. 

Then  came  a  period  of  great  persecution,  during  which 
he  still  held  on  to  his  principles  ;  but  at  length  growing 
weary  and  hopeless  of  the  conflict  and  tempted  by  the 
offer  of  a  parish  living,  he  conformed  and  obtained  the 
vicarage  of  Howden  in  the  East  Riding.  Mr.  Triggott, 
Mr.  Heywood,  Mr.  Naylor,  and  others  thought  his  com- 
plying after  such  sufferings  so  extraordinary  that  they 
wanted  to  know  whether  he  saw  with  clearer  eyes  than  they, 
and  desired  that  he  would  give  them  an  account  of  the 
reason  of  his  proceeding ;  but  he  declined  giving  them 


134     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

any  satisfaction.  He  brought  up  his  son  John,  in  order 
to  the  fitting  him  for  the  ministry,  and  he  was  nineteen 
when  his  father  conformed.  He  went  along  with  him  to 
his  parsonage  at  Howden,  in  this  county,  and  heard  him 
read  the  Common  Prayer  with  his  surplice  on,  and  came 
home  and  told  his  mother  of  it.  Both  mother  and  son 
were  so  troubled  at  it  that  both  of  them  died  shortly  after 
within  a  little  time  of  one  another.     (Calamy.) 

Mrs.  Roote,  of  Wakefield,  died  of  a  fever;  buried  there 
July  16th,  1686.  Her  eldest  son  died  about  a  fortnight 
before.  "  Mr.  Timothy  Root  died  at  Howden  of  a 
dropsie,  along  with  a  wasting  away,  not  been  able  to 
preach,  June  24th,  1689,  aged  54."  (Northowram  Register.) 
A  tombstone  in  commemoration  of  him  was  erected  in 
Thoresby's  time  ;  but  it  has  now  disappeared. 

120.  RYTHER,  John  (1632-1681),  was  ejected  at  Froding- 
ham,  Lincolnshire,  silenced  at  North  Fevriby,  and 
preached  at  Horton,  near  Bradford. 

He  was  the  son  of  a  noted  Quaker  at  York  ;  educated 
at  Leeds  Grammar  School  and  at  Sidney  Sussex  College, 
Cambridge.  After  his  ejection  at  Frodingham,  Lincoln- 
shire, at  the  Restoration  he  came  to  reside  at  NorthFerriby, 
near  Brough,  on  the  Humber,  where  he  was  silenced  by 
the  Act  of  Uniformity.  He  appears  to  have  held  meetings 
in  a  private  house  there,  and  preached  his  farewell  sermon 
on  Psalm  cxxxvii.,  1,  "  By  the  rivers  of  Babylon,"  etc. 
He  had  a  very  particular  way  of  adapting  his  discourses 
to  remarkable  seasons  and  circumstances,  and  preached 
numerous  sermons  occasioned  by  the  great  plague  and 
fire  of  London  (1665-6),  showing  his  sympathy  with  the 
sufferers. 

For  holding  conventicles  he  was  arrested  and  imr 
prisoned  in  York  Castle,  at  one  time  for  six  months,  and 
at  another  time  for  fifteen  months.  The  Five  Mile  Act 
forced  him  from  his  home  amidst  circumstances  of 
peculiar  hardship.  In  1668  he  became  pastor  of  the 
Congregational  Church  in  Bradford-dale  (which  had  been 
formed    about     1655).     He    preached    at    Coley    Hall, 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN  YORKSHIRE.  135 

February  21st,  1668,  and  with  Heywood  at  York  in  the 
following  August  (27th).     But  he  continued  only  about  a 
year,  and  then  sought  an  asylum  in  London.     He  built  a 
meeting  -  house   in   Broad   Street,    Wapping,   where   he 
preached  many  sermons  to  sailors,  and  was  known  as 
"  the  Seaman's  Preacher."     He  continued  preaching  to 
the  last  with  great  acceptance  and  success,  though  not 
without  trouble.     Warrants  were  often    issued  against 
him,  but  he  was  never  apprehended,  though  the  officers 
and  their  attendants  were  many  times  vexatious  to  his 
wife.     They  came  once  and  again  to  search  for  him,  even 
at  midnight ;  and  not  finding  him  they  rifled  his  study. 
One  time  when  he  was  preaching  in  his  study  the  officers 
came  to  seize  him ;  but  the  sailors,  of  whom  he  usually 
had  a  good  number  in  his  auditory,  made  a  lane  for  him 
which  he  passed  through  and  escaped.     He  was  a  man 
of  strict  piety  and  a  very  affecting  preacher,  whom  God 
wonderfully  prospered  in  his  work.     He  published  several 
works,  of  which  the  following  were  the  chief : 

1.  "  A  Plat  for  Mariners,"  1672. 

2.  Several  Sermons  on  Prov.  viii.  17,  1673. 

3.  A  Funeral  Sermon  for  Mr.  James  Janeway,  1674. 

4.  "A  Discourse  on  making  a  Mock  at  Sin,"  1677. 

5.  "  A  Looking-Glass  for  the  Wise  and  Foolish." 

6.  "The  Best  Friend  standing  at  the  Door,"  1678. 

7.  "  The  Hue  and  Cry  of  Conscience,"  1680. 

8.  "  Sea  Dangers  and  Deliverances  Improved." 

He  died  about  1681.  His  son,  of  the  same  name  as 
himself,  was  a  chaplain  on  merchant  ships  trading  to 
both  the  Indies,  and  ultimately  became  (1689)  minister  of 
the  Congregational  Church  at  Bridlesmith  Gate,  after- 
wards Castle  Gate,  Nottingham. 

121.  SALE,  James,  M.A.  (1619-1679),  was  ejected  from  the 
Lectureship  of  St.  John's  Church,  Leeds,  in  1662. 

He  was  son  of  James  Sale,  of  Pudsey,  near  Leeds, 
where  he  was  born  ;  baptized  at  Calverley,  October  23rd, 
1619 ;  educated  at  Cambridge ;  spent  some  time  with 
Edward  Reyner,  M.A.,  a  native  of  Morley,  and  eminent 


136     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


Puritan  preacher  at  St.  Peter's  and  the  Minster,  Lincoln 
(who  died  before  the  Act  of  Uniformity  was  passed) ;  and 
was  afterwards  minister  at  Thornton  chapel,  Lincolnshire, 
whence  he  came  to  be  assistant  of  Robert  Todd,  at  St. 
John's,  Leeds,  in  1647.  He  was  a  great  friend  of 
Elkanah  Wales,  of  Pudsey ;  and  although  his  name  is 
not  found  among  the  subscribers  to  the  West  Riding 
Ministers'  Attestation  in  1648,  he  took  an  active  part  in 
the  voluntary  associations  of  Presbyterian  ministers  for 
ordination  and  other  purposes  ;  and  in  165 1  (August 
20th)  Cromwell  complained  at  Doncaster  of  a  "  meeting 
of  above  twenty  members  at  or  about  Leeds,  about  some 
consultations  against  the  present  Government,  and  in 
special  to  set  up  the  old  Cavalier  Fast  which  the  late 
King  had  set  up.  Mr.  Wales  and  Mr.  Sales  being  to 
preach."     (Letter  of  Mr.  John  Shaw,  of  Hull.) 

After  his  ejection  he  lived  in  his  own  house  at  Green 
Top,  at  Pudsey,  in  one  of  the  rooms  of  which  were  lately 
the  initials  I.B.S.,  1651.  Under  the  Declaration  of 
Indulgence  he  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian  teacher  in 
his  own  house  at  Pudsey  (May  15th,  1672) ;  also  at  a 
house  called  Free  School  House,  at  Leeds  town-end ;  and 
at  the  house  of  James  Moxon,  Leeds  (June  10th).  He 
was  a  companion  and  comfort  to  old  Mr.  Wales,  whom 
he  served  as  a  son  in  the  Gospel.  He  was  a  learned  and 
holy  man,  of  fine  parts,  and  an  excellent  preacher. 
Heywood  visited  him  when  struck  with  palsy,  August 
22nd,  1678 ;  and^notes  that  he  was  "  struck  with  the 
third  fit  April  15th,  died  April  17th,  1679,  aged  60,  and 
buried  at  Calverley ;  a  worthy  choice  minister."  His 
wife  Beatrice  was  daughter  of  Richard  Richardson,  of 
North  Bierley,  near  Bradford ;  she  died  January  1st, 
1701,  aged  79.  One  of  his  daughters  was  married  to 
Thomas  Sharp,  M.A.,  of  Little  Horton,  and  another  to 
Richard  Hutton,  of  Pudsey  (second  son  of  Richard 
Hutton,  of  Poppleton,  and  the  Hon.  Dorothy  Fairfax), 
who  was  father-in-law  to  Madame  Hutton,  who  left  a 
valuable  endowment  to  the  ministers  of  several  noncon- 
formist churches  in  the  neighbourhood. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  137 

Under  the  Toleration  Act  a  meeting  was  certified  at 
the  house  of  Mrs.  Sale,  widow,  and  at  a  barn  ;  and  a  new 
chapel  was  built  in  1708. 

122.  SAMPSON    (Christian    name    unknown).     According 

to  Morrice  was  ejected  from  the  Chapelry  of  Rawcliff, 
in  the  parish  of  Snaith,  and  afterwards  conformed. 

He  probably  replaced  William  Cornwall,  who  was 
described  as  "scandalous"  (Pari.  Sur.). 

123.  SCARGILL  (Christian  name  unknown).     Was  ejected 

from  the  Chapelry  of  Chapelthorp,  in  the  parish  of 
Sandal  Magna,  near  Wakefield,  and  afterwards 
conformed. 

124.  SCURR,  Leonard,  M.A.  (        -1680),  was  silenced  at 

Beeston,  near  Leeds. 

He  was  born  at  Pontefract,  where  he  had  a  good 
estate;  educated  at  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Cambridge, 
A.M.  1652;  and  was  described  as  "a  constant  godly 
preacher"  at  Beeston  (Pari.  Sur.).  Mr.  Cudworth 
appears  to  have  been  here  at  one  time. 

Among  the  Presentations  in  the  MSS.  at  Lambeth  we 
find  the  following  : 

"To  the  Commissioners  for  approbation  of  Public  Preachers: 
I,  Leonard  Scure,  of  Beeston,  gentleman,  do  nominate  Mr.  James 
Rigby*  to  preach  the  Gospel  at  the  Chapel  of  Beeston  in  Yorkshire 
and  desire  your  approbation  of  him,  for  receiving  of  an  augmentation 
grant  to  the  said  Chapel.  Witness  my  hand  and  seal  the  first  of 
April,  1659,  Leon.  Scure." 

Also  Admissions  : 

"James  Rigby,  8  April,  1659,  to  the  Chapel  of  Beeston,  per 
Leonard  Scurre,  gentleman,  the  patron,  and  consent  from  Rd. 
Fleethood,  Hen.  Rigby  and  several  others." 

Hey  wood  says  (Diar.  II.  296)  that  "  he  was  a  good 
scholar,  of  singular  fine  parts,  of  notable  ingenuity,  mild 
temper,  not  easy  provoked ;  had  an  estate  of  £300  a 
year,  but  made  most  of  it  away  by  suits  at  law."     He 

*Jas,  Rigby  was  Vicar  of  Rotherham  after  Clayton. 


138     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

was  arrested  in  1663  on  account  of  being  suspected  of 
implication  in  the  Farnley  Wood  Plot ;  and  information 
(evidently  exaggerated  and  malicious)  was  given  that 
"  Mr.  Scurr,  of  Leeds,  worth  £700  a  year,  relieved  and 
maintained  the  plot  prisoners  in  York  gaol  so  well  that 
they  never  lived  better ;  and  by  his  subtlety  and  means 
they  were  all,  including  himself,  released  "  (Cal.  St. 
Pap.,  1664). 

In  1664  Thomas  Burwell,  Doctor  of  Laws,  was 
charged  at  the  York  Assizes  with  illegally  citing  and 
excommunicating  Leonard  Scurr ;  and  in  July,  1665, 
Richard  Sykes,  of  Hunslet,  gentleman,  Robert  Batt,  of 
Farnley,  gentleman,  and  others,  were  charged  at  the 
Assizes  with  violently  entering  upon  a  certain  tenement 
belonging  to  Leonard  Scurr,  and  bound  over  to  keep  the 
peace. 

Thirteen  months  after  (1666)  the  same  parties  appeared 
at  the  Assizes  with  charges  and  counter  charges  of  riot 
and  assault  (York  Depositions). 

"  He  had  extraordinary  skill  in  law,"  says  Heywood; 
"this  occasioned  his  confidence  in  suits,  which  ruined 
him,  brought  him  into  debt,  straits,  outed  him  at 
Beeston  Hill.  He  was  retired  to  a  little  poor  thatcht 
house,  wherein  he  preached  of  late  to  those  that  came  to 
him.  The  last  suit  he  had  was  with  some  colliers,  whom 
he  bound  to  work  for  him  so  long  as  water  ran  under 
Leeds  Bridge ;  they  blow  off,  he  sued  them  "  ;  and  soon 
afterwards  occurred  an  appalling  tragedy  that  made  a 
great  sensation. 

On  January  22nd,  1680,  the  house  in  which  he  lived 
with  his  mother  and  maid-servant  was  found  completely 
burnt,  together  with  its  occupants,  whose  remains 
amidst  the  ashes  exhibited  signs  of  violent  treatment. 
But  nothing  was  discovered  concerning  the  perpetrators 
of  the  deed  until  eighteen  months  afterwards,  when  a 
woman  who  had  been  a  servant  of  Mrs.  Scurr  met  in 
Ireland  another  woman  wearing  a  garment  which  she 
felt  persuaded  belonged  to  her  old  mistress,  and  gave 
information  that  led  to  the  arrest  of  the  husband  of  the 


MINISTERS   EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  139 

woman  and  another  collier.     These  two   colliers    were 
convicted  and  hanged  on  Woodhouse  Moor.* 

Some  statements  of  Calamy  concerning  Leonard  Scurr 
are  not  well  substantiated.  "  He  was  somewhat  con- 
tentious as  to  law  suits,"  says  Thoresby,  "  but  otherwise 
no  ill  man  that  ever  I  could  learn  ;  though  some,  from 
the  distinguishing  calamity  which  befell  him,  have  been 
led  to  suspect  some  enormous  guilt." 

125.  SHARP,  Thomas,  M.A.  (1634-1693),  was  ejected  from 
the  Rectory  of  Adel,  near  Leeds,  in  1660. 

He  was  eldest  son  of  John  Sharp,  of  Little  Horton, 
Bradford,  a  noted  Parliamentarian,  and  was  born  there 
October  30th,  1634.  He  was  educated  at  Bradford 
Grammar  School,  and  at  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge  (1649), 
where  he  was  under  the  tuition  of  his  uncle,  David 
Clarkson,  B.D.,  and  afterwards  of  John  Tillotson, 
subsequently  Archbishop  of  Canterbury.  He  was  very 
studious,  and  having  excellent  natural  parts,  cultivated 
by  great  advantages  and  unusual  industry,  he  became  a 
universal  scholar,  a  solid  logician  and  great  linguist,  a 
fluent  orator,  a  profound  philosopher,  and  a  very  skilful 
mathematician. 

He  was  episcopally  ordained  early  in  1660,  and  was 
for  a  short  time  curate  at  Peterborough.  On  the  death 
of  his  uncle,  William  Clarkson,  M.A.,  of  Adel  (which 
benefice  Dr.  Hitch  had  been  compelled  to  relinquish  in 
pursuance  of  the  ordinance  against  pluralities),  he  was 
presented  to  the  living  by  the  patron,  Henry  Arthington. 
But  after  the  Restoration  Dr.  Hitch  claimed  the  living ; 
and  Sharp  was  the  more  willing  to  quit  it,  foreseeing  the 
storm  coming. 

He  then  returned  to  his  father's  house  at  Horton 
Hall,  and  followed  his  studies  very  closely,  preaching 
occasionally. 

*  Thoresby  says  only  one  of  them.  Palmer  adds  that  "  the  other  was 
reprieved  in  hope  of  a  further  discovery,  which  he  could  never  be  brought 
to  make." 


i4o     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY, 

In  1668  he  married  a  daughter  of  Mr.  Bagnall,  who 
gave  birth  to  a  daughter,  both  mother  and  child  dying 
speedily  afterwards.  He  married  for  his  second  wife 
(1673)  Faith,  daughter  of  James  Sale,  of  Pudsey. 

Having  spent  some  time  at  Reading,  he  finally,  on  the 
death  of  his  father,  fixed  his  residence  at  the  Hall,  and 
had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian  to  preach  in  his  own  house 
at  Horton  (May  15th,  1672) ;  also  for  the  Free  School, 
Leeds.  He  rebuilt  the  Hall  in  1676,  and  whilst 
continuing  to  make  it  his  home  he  preached  regularly 
at  Morley  for  about  two  years,  1676-7,  when,  on  the 
removal  of  Richard  Stretton  from  Mill  Hill  Chapel, 
Leeds,  he  became  his  successor,  and  ministered  there 
with  much  acceptance  and  success  until  his  decease. 

He  had  a  house  at  Leeds,  as  well  as  one  at  Little 
Horton,  and  the  latter,  like  the  former,  was  registered 
under  the  Toleration  Act  as  a  meeting-place  for 
Protestant  Dissenters.  He  died  of  pleurisy  at  Leeds, 
August  27th,  1693,  aged  59.  Thoresby  speaks  of  him 
as  "that  holy,  angelical  man,"  and  as  "a  most 
instructive,  moving,  learned,  yet  constant  preacher," 
and  gives  an  affecting  account  of  his  last  hours  (Diar., 
I.  60,  238). 

He  was  every  way  a  great  man,  and  yet  clothed  with 
humility.  He  was  very  laborious  in  his  work,  full  of  self- 
denial,  exceedingly  temperate,  mortified  to  all  earthly 
enjoyments,  and  of  a  peaceable  catholic  spirit,  rather  for 
composing  differences  than  espousing  a  party.  He  was 
excellent  in  prayer  and  accurate,  and  all  his  perform- 
ances were  exceedingly  polite  and  scholarlike.  One  Mr. 
Smith,  having  extravagantly  commended  the  Book  of 
Common  Prayer,  as  if  it  had  been  compiled  by  a  Synod 
of  Angels,  Mr.  Sharp  drew  up  a  short  account  of  it, 
stating  that  "  it  is  defective  in  necessaries,  redundant  in 
superfluities,  dangerous  in  some  things,  disputable  in 
many,  disorderly  in  all,"  and  proceeded  to  give  instances 
in  each  respect,  which  are  reproduced  by  Calamy 
("  Account,  &c,"  p.  814). 

He  was  the  brother  of  Abraham  Sharp,  of  Bradford, 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  141 

the  eminent  mathematician  and  astronomer,  and  cousin 
of  John  Sharp  (1644-17 13),  Archbishop  of  York. 

126.  SHAW,    John,    M.A.    (1608-1672),   was   ejected   from 
Trinity  Church,  Hull. 

He  was  born  at  Sicke  or  Syke  House,  in  the  Chapelry 
of  Bradfield,  in  the  parish  of  Ecclesfield,  near  Sheffield, 
June  13th,  1608  ;  and  inherited  that  estate  on  the  death 
of  his  father.  He  was  admitted  pensioner  to  Christ's 
College,  Cambridge,  1622  ;  M.A.  1630.  He  was 
appointed  lecturer  at  Brampton,  Chesterfield,  1631 ; 
minister  at  Chumleigh,  Devon,  1633 ;  and  lecturer  at 
All-hallows  on  the  Pavement,  York,  1636,  when  the  vicar 
was  Henry  Ayscough.  After  preaching  his  first  sermon 
at  York,  Archbishop  Neile,  who  declared  himself  an 
enemy  of  the  Puritans,  sent  for  him  and  dealt  somewhat 
roughly  with  him ;  but  hearing  that  he  was  chaplain  to 
the  Earl  of  Pembroke,'1'  he  was  somewhat  softened. 
However,  he  said  that  he  heard  he  was  a  rich  man,  and 
was  brought  in  by  Vaux  (the  Lord  Mayor)  to  head  the 
Puritans  against  him;  "but,"  said  he,  "I  will  break 
Vaux  and  the  whole  Puritan  party."  Neile  died  just 
before  the  war  began. 

He  was  instituted  to  the  vicarage  of  Rotherham  on 
presentation  by  the  Earl  of  Pembroke,  April  17th,  1639. 
He  accompanied  the  Earl  to  Berwick ;  and  was  chaplain 
to  Hy.  Rich.,  Earl  of  Holland,  1641.  On  the  breaking 
out  of  the  war  he  fled  by  night  to  Hull,  but  Sir  John 
Hotham,  the  governor,  would  not  suffer  him  to  remain. 
He  then  went  to  Beverley,  and  on  the  way  back  to 
Rotherham  he  preached  before  Lord  Fairfax  and  his 
army  at  Selb.y. 

On  the  taking  of  Rotherham,  May  4th,  1643,  he  hid 
himself  in  the  steeple  and  "  miraculously "  escaped ; 
came   to   Manchester,   and   preached   for  some  time  at 


*  Philip  Herbert,  Earl  of  Montgomery  and  fourth  Earl  of  Pembroke. 
He  was  Lord  Chamberlain  under  Charles  I. ;  but  took  the  side  of  the 
Parliament  in  the  Civil  War;  was  Chancellor  of  the  University  of  Oxford, 
1648,  and  one  of  the  Council  of  State  after  the  execution  of  the  King. 


142     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Lymm,  in  Cheshire,  and  in  neglected  districts  about 
Cartmel. 

After  the  surrender  of  York,  he  preached  at  the 
Minster,  September  ist,  1644,  and  at  the  taking  of  the 
Covenant  there,  September  20th.  He  was  chosen 
chaplain  to  the  Committee  appointed  for  the  better 
ordering  of  the  affairs  of  the  country  and  advising  Lord 
Fairfax.  He  was  also  chosen  Secretary  to  the  Committee 
for  removing  ignorant  and  scandalous  ministers,  which 
sat  weekly  in  the  Chapter  House;  but,  as  he  declares, 
he  burnt  all  the  papers  connected  therewith  after  the 
Restoration. 

Fairfax  gave  him  the  living  of  Scrayingham,  seven 
miles  from  York ;  and  after  ministering  there  awhile  he 
came  to  Hull  as  vicar  of  St.  Mary's,  in  the  place  of  John 
Boatman,  a  Royalist.  On  the  removal  of  Mr.  Wayte,  he 
was  elected  lecturer  at  Trinity;  and  after  the  removal  of 
Mr.  Styles  from  Hessle-cum-Hull,  for  refusing  the 
Engagement,  he  was  appointed  Master  of  the  Charter 
House.  Here,  he  says,  he  continued  seventeen  years 
together,  preaching  every  Wednesday  and  Sunday,  and 
six  or  seven  times  a  week  besides,  at  both  churches,  and 
to  the  soldiers  at  the  Castle. 

He  had  no  little  opposition  when  he  attempted  to  set 
up  Presbyterian  discipline ;  and  he  was  on  no  very 
amicable  terms  with  John  Canne,  the  notable  Separatist, 
who  was  chaplain  to  the  garrison,  and  held  service  in 
Trinity  Church,  one  portion  thereof  being  walled  in  for 
this  purpose.  During  the  Protectorate  he  was  sometimes 
called  to  preach  before  Cromwell  at  Whitehall  and 
Hampton  Court,  and  on  many  public  occasions.  And  he 
received  from  the  Council  of  State  an  augmentation  of 
£  100  per  annum. 

On  the  Restoration  of  Charles  II.  he  was  appointed 
King's  Chaplain  (July  25th,  1660),  and  was  present  at 
the  coronation.  But  soon  afterwards  a  Royal  order  was 
issued  (June  ist,  1661)  to  remove  three  aldermen  from 
their  places,  and  inhibit  Mr.  Shaw  from  preaching  in 
Trinity   Church.     He  continued  at  the  Charter   House 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  143 

for  a  short  time  longer;  and  on  June  20th,  1662,  he 
removed  to  Rotherham,  where  he  was  silenced  by  the 
Act  of  Uniformity. 

He  preached  at  his  own  house  one  part  of  the  day,  as 
Mr.  Luke  Clayton,  the  nonconforming  vicar,  did  the 
other.  When  staying  at  the  house  of  Mr.  Stamforth,  his 
son-in-law,  at  Firbeck,  November  7th,  1663,  he  was 
watched  and  informed  against  by  Francis  Mountenay, 
but  left  before  the  warrant  could  be  served  upon  him. 
He  died  April  19th,  1672,  and  was  buried  in  Rotherham 
Church,  where  a  brass  plate  on  his  grave  bore  the 
following  inscription  (in  Latin)  : 

"John  Shaw,  A.M.,  educated  at  Christ's  College,  Cambridge,  at 
one  time  Vicar  of  this  Church  ;  ever  esteemed  by  the  devout  and 
learned  among  the  chief  divines  on  account  of  his  eminent  erudi- 
tion, piety  and  labour  in  word  and  doctrine  in  his  sacred  calling  : 
alike  a  Barnabas  and  a  Boanerges.  Translated  to  the  Heavenly 
Mansions,  April  19,  1672,  aged  65." 

He  left  an  autobiographical  manuscript,  which  has 
been  several  times  printed  under  the  title  of  "  Memoirs 
of  Mr.  John  Shaw  "  :  (i)  Edited  by  John  Broadley,  Hull, 
1824;  (2)  Yorkshire  Diaries,  edited  by  Canon  Raine, 
Surtees  Soc,  1875  ;  (3)  edited  by  J.  R.  Boyle,  1882. 

127.  SHAW,    Joseph    (         -1691),    was    ejected    from    the 
Chapelry  of  Worsborough,  in  the  parish  of  Darfield. 

He  succeeded  Hugh  Everard,  who  removed  to  Hickle- 
ton,  where  he  was  silenced.  After  his  ejectment  he  was 
tutor  to  Mr.  Bosville's*  sons,  whom  he  fitted  for  the 
University.  He  had  licence  to  teach  as  a  Presbyterian 
in   the   house    of    William    Rokebv,    of    Skellow,    and 


*  Godfrey  Bosville,  of  Gunthwaite,  in  the  parish  of  Penistone,  was 
Colonel  of  a  Regiment  of  Foot  in  the  Parliamentary  army  ;  one  of  the 
Committee  for  removing  scandalous  ministers  ;  M.P.,  died  1658.  His  son 
William  was  also  an  officer  in  the  Parliamentary  army,  died  in  1662, 
leaving  two  sons.  The  sister  of  the  last  named  married  George  James 
Sedaseue.  (Hey  wood  dined  at  Gunthwaite  with  Major  Sedascue  in  1666.) 
He  was  a  Bohemian  and  supporter  of  the  Elector  Palatine,  on  whose 
defeat  he  fled  to  England  and  became  an  officer  in  the  Parliamentary 
army ;  died  at  Heath  Hall,  Wakefield,  1688. 


i44     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Ackworth  Park,  brother  of  Sir  Thomas  Rokeby,  Judge 
(December  gth,  1672) ;  the  same  house  being  certified  as 
a  meeting-place  for  Protestant  Dissenters  under  the 
Toleration  Act  by  Jo.  Pigot.  He  subsequently  preached 
at  a  place  about  six  miles  west  of  Hull,  where  he  fell 
into  a  consumption ;  and  was  buried  at  Worsborough, 
September  3rd,  1691.  He  was  a  pious  man  and  a  good 
scholar. 

128.  SHEMHOLD  (Christian  name  unknown),  was  ejected 

from  the  Vicarage  of  Ostnotherley,  nine  miles  from 
Northallerton.  [J.  Horsfall  Turner  calls  him  Shem- 
bold.] 

Nothing  further  is  known  concerning  him.  The 
Parish  Register  does  not  begin  till  1696. 

The  site  of  the  Carthusian  Priory  of  Mount  Grace, 
near  Osmotherley,  belonged  to  Thomas  Lascelles,  a 
Parliamentarian,  member  of  the  Long  Parliament  and 
magistrate  under  the  Protectorate.  He  constructed  a 
mansion  out  of  a  portion  of  the  ruined  Priory,  and  his 
initials  appear  over  the  doorway,  T.L.,  1654.  Being 
informed  against  as  implicated  in  the  so-called  Farnley 
Wood  Plot  in  1663,  he  was  imprisoned  at  York  Castle, 
where  he  lingered  until  his  death ;  and  under  the 
Declaration  of  Indulgence  Mrs.  Lascelles,  his  widow,  had 
licence  for  a  Presbyterian  meeting  at  her  house  at  Mount 
Grace  (December  23rd,  1672). 

129.  SHERBORNE,  Robert,  M.A.  (        -1671),  was  ejected 

from  the  Vicarage  of  Cawood. 

He  was  son  of  Robert  Sherborne,  vicar  of  Brayton, 
near  Selby,  "  a  preaching  minister  "  (Pari.  Sur.) ;  and  as 
his  birth  was  premature  so  were  his  after  improvements, 
for  he  was  sooner  a  man,  a  Christian,  and  a  scholar  than 
most  others.  He  was  educated  at  Coxwold  Free  School 
(founded  by  Sir  John  Hart,  Knt.,  Aid.  of  London), 
under  Mr.  Smelt ;  and  admitted  at  fourteen  years  of  age 
to  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Cambridge,  where  he  had 
Richard  Perrot  as   his   tutor.     He  afterwards  lived  for 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN  YORKSHIRE.  145 

some  time  with  Mr.  Maskill,  of  Sherborne,  by  whom  he 
was  assisted  in  Hebrew,  and  at  the  same  time  he 
advanced  in  other  studies.  His  first  ministerial  service 
was  at  Kellington,  after  the  removal  of  William  Hall, 
the  vicar,  "of  evil  conversation  and  notoriously 
scandalous"  (Pari.  Sur.).  He  then  removed  to  Cawood, 
in  1659,  where  he  was  for  three  years  a  pious  and 
faithful  minister,  joining  with  the  neighbouring  ministers 
in  their  public  lectures  and  private  exercises.  He  found 
so  much  sweetness  in  Divine  ordinances  himself  that  he 
was  thence  led  earnestly  to  press  a  constant  attendance 
on  others.  He  was  wont  to  persuade  even  those  to 
attend  who  objected  their  deafness;  and  he  would 
encourage  them  to  it  by  an  instance  of  a  very  good  man, 
one  of  his  parishioners  at  Kellington,  who,  being  stark 
deaf,  yet  attended  constantly  when  he  preached,  for  he 
thought  he  enjoyed  more  communion  with  God  and  had 
more  comfort  then  than  at  other  times.  "  For  such  to 
be  present  is  to  own  God's  public  worship  as  well  as 
they  can,  is  to  reproach  the  sloth  and  neglect  of  those 
who  might  wait  there  to  better  purpose  and  yet  are 
willingly  absent.  Their  reverent  deportment  under  the 
public  ministry,  who  only  can  see  and  meditate,  may  be 
a  good  example  to  trifling  attendants,  etc." 

At  the  passing  of  the  Act  of  Uniformity  his  father 
conformed  and  kept  his  living  at  Brayton ;  and  the  son 
went  and  lived  with  him,  and  was  by  connivance 
assistant  to  him.  The  father  read  the  prayers,  adminis- 
tered the  sacraments  of  Baptism  and  the  Lord's  Supper, 
"  according  to  the  rites  and  ceremonies  of  the  Church  of 
England,"  and  preached  now  and  then  ;  but  the  son  was 
the  more  constant  preacher,  he  was  generally  beloved  by 
the  people,  and  his  labours  were  greatly  successful. 
There  were  no  informations  against  him ;  and  the  Arch- 
bishop's connivance  engaged  the  hearts  of  many  good 
people  to  pray  for  him.  He  held  on  thus  for  several 
years;  but  his  brittle  constitution  not  bearing  hard 
labour,  with  that  activity  of  spirit  which  he  discovered 
in  all   he   did,    he   sunk    under   the   burden,  fell  into  a 


146     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

consumption  and  pined  away  in  six  or  eight  weeks  time, 
anno  1670  or  1671. 

The  loss  of  him  was  much  lamented  in  all  those  parts. 
His  funeral  sermon  was  preached  by  Rev.  Ralph  Ward, 
of  York,  in  Brayton  Church. 

130.  SINCLEARE,  Henock,  was  ejected  from  the  Rectory 

of  Slingsby,  in  the  North  Riding. 

He  signed  a  certificate  to  Laurence  Pears  on  his 
presentation  by  Lord  Fairfax  to  Helmsley,  July  19th, 
1658,  along  with  William  Lucke,  of  Kirkby  Moorside, 
and  others.  He  had  the  character  of  a  godly  man  and  a 
good  preacher. 

131.  SMALLWOOD,    Thomas    (1617-1667),    was    ejected 

from  the  Vicarage  of  Batley. 

He  was  son  of  William  Smallwood,  of  Sproston, 
Cheshire ;  educated  at  St.  Mary's  Hall,  Oxford;  matricu- 
lated December  13th,  1633,  aet.  16 :  Chaplain  to  Lord 
Fairfax,  and  afterwards  to  General  Lambert.  "  It  is  said 
of  him  that  he  possessed  an  uncommon  degree  of  muscular 
strength,  and  when  in  the  army  he  would  sometimes 
outbrave  the  soldiers,  being  able  to  take  up,  at  arm's 
length,  three  pikes  tied  together,  which  requires  a 
greater  strength  than  can  be  supposed  without  trial  M 
(Heywood). 

Being  a  "  moderate  Congregationalist,"  he  joined  the 
Congregational  Church  at  Woodchurch,  under  the 
pastorate  of  Christopher  Marshall,  in  1653.  About  the 
same  time  he  was  appointed  by  the  Committee  for 
plundered  ministers  to  the  living  of  Batley,  in  the  place 
of  Roger  Audsley,  M.A.,  sequestered ;  and  continued 
there  until  the  Restoration,  when  the  former  vicar 
returned.  In  1654  he  was  appointed  an  assistant  com- 
missioner for  ejecting  ignorant  and  scandalous  ministers 
in  the  West  Riding;  and  in  1657  one  of  the  visitors  of 
the  proposed  University  for  Durham.  In  1656  an 
augmentation  of  £46  13s.  4d.  per  annum  for  his 
maintenance   was   approved.      He    signed,    along   with 


MINISTERS   EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  147 

Henry  Roote,  the  Heads  of  Agreement  at  Manchester, 
in  1659. 

On  his  removal  from  Batley  he  preached  in  various 
places.  In  1661  he  was  indicted  at  York  for  saying  in  a 
sermon  at  Chapel-le-Brears  (Southowram,  Halifax),  with 
reference  to  the  prospect  of  Roman  Catholic  Supremacy, 
"  The  Whore  of  Babylon  is  rising  and  setting  up " 
(York  Depositions).  When  the  Act  of  Uniformity  came 
into  force  he  was  preacher  at  Idle  Chapel,  in  the  parish 
of  Calverley,  near  Bradford.  On  the  Five  Mile  Act  (1665), 
he  went  to  reside  with  Joshua  Kirby  at  Flanshaw  Hall, 
near  Wakefield,  where  he  died  November  24th,  1667, 
aged  50. 

He  was  of  a  noble,  valiant,  active  spirit.  His  great 
delight  and  excellency  lay  in  preaching  for  the  conviction 
and  awakening  of  sinners,  in  which  God  wonderfully 
prospered  him.  A  small  manuscript  treatise  of  his  has 
been  preserved,  entitled  "  Nonconformity,  a  Christian's 
Duty,  or  a  Testimony  against  compliance  with  that  way 
of  worship,  which  is  imposed  and  generally  practised  in 
England's  Parochial  Assemblies,"  and  dedicated  to  "The 
Church  of  Christ  near  Bradford,"  by  "  Your  Brother 
and  Companion  in  Tribulation  and  in  the  Kingdom  and 
patience  of  Jesus  Christ,  T.S."  This  church  was 
doubtless  "  the  Church  of  Christ  in  Bradford-dale," 
which  had  been  formed  about  the  year  1655  ("  Yorks 
County  Magazine,"  1891).  According  to  the  TopclifTe 
(Woodchurch)  Register,  he  had  one  daughter,  baptized 
October  14th,  1657,  and  another  October  28th,  1659  ; 
and  his  wife  Elizabeth  was  buried  October  26th,  1662. 
A  Samuel  Smallwood  was  buried  at  Horbury,  July  26th, 
1683  (Pari.  Reg.). 

132.  SMITH,    Joshua    (  -1662),  was  ejected   from   the 

Vicarage  of  Little  Ouseburn,  about  five  miles  from 
Boroughbridge.  [Morrice  says  "  Osborn  "  ;  Calamy, 
1st  edition,  "  Kerby  Hall."  Kirby  Hall  is  a  township 
in  the  parish  of  Little  Ouseburn,  and  is  the  residence 
of  H.  S.  Thompson,  Esq.  Sir  J.  Dickenson,  M.P.  for 
York  in  the  Barebones  Parliament, lived  at  Kirkby  Hall.] 


148     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

He  was  born  at  Leeds,  and  educated  at  Katherine  Hall, 
Cambridge.  He  was  at  Healaugh,  near  Tadcaster, 
January  17th,  1658,  when  he  signed  a  certificate  on  the 
presentation  of  Henry  Constantine  to  Moor-Monkton. 
When  he  settled  in  the  country  he  became  a  very  zealous 
preacher.  He  took  much  pains  in  instructing  his  people 
in  public  and  private,  and  the  Lord  succeeded  his 
endeavours.  He  did  much  good  in  a  little  time,  for  he 
quickly  ran  out  his  race,  and  died  near  York  in  1662. 

133.  SPOFFORD,  John  (1588-1669),  was  ejected  from  the 
Vicarage  of  Silkstone  in  1662.  [Palmer  spells  the  name 
Spawford.] 

He  was  appointed  to  this  vicarage  by  order  of  the 
House  of  Lords,  December  26th,  1642  : 

M  Whereas  the  Lords  and  Commons  for  divers  weighty  reasons 
have  declared  that  they  intend  altogether  to  abolish  and  take  away 
the  jurisdiction  and  office  of  Archbishop  and  Bishops  within  the 
realm  of  England  and  dominion  of  Wales ;  now  considering  how 
much  prejudice  hath  been  brought  upon  this  Church  and  State  by 
such  unworthy  persons  as  are  usually  presented  to  those  benefices 
within  this  kingdom,  wherewith  their  patrons  have  for  the  most  part 
constantly  promoted  such  as  have  fomented  the  unhappy  distemper 
wherewith  this  kingdom  is  now  so  much  afflicted;  and  being 
informed  that  the  Vicarage  of  Silkston  within  the  jurisdiction  and 
presentation  of  York  is  now  lately  become  void  [the  former 
incumbent  being  named  Walker]: 

It  is  this  day  ordered  by  the  Lords  and  Commons  that  John 
Spofford,  clerk,  shall  be  enabled  to  serve  the  Church  and  receive  the 
profits  and  funds  of  the  vicarage  of  Silkston  aforesaid,  and  the 
Archbishop  and  Archdeacon  of  York  be  hereby  prohibited  to  present 
or  grant  institution  or  induction  to  any  other  clerk  for  the  vicarage 
of  Silkston,  until  both  Houses  of  Parliament  shall  take  further 
provision  for  the  same."     (Jour.  House  of  Lords.) 

He  signed  the  West  Riding  Ministers'  Attestation 
in  1648;  "a  preaching  minister"  (Pari.  Sur.) ;  and 
continued  till  Bartholomew's  Day. 

On  his  ejection,  at  the  age  of  74,  Robert  Cotton,  a 
worthy,  pious  gentleman  of  the  parish,  took  him  into 
his  house  and  kept  him  as  long  as  he  lived.  Heywood 
visited  him  there  in  1668 ;  and  in  the  following  year  he 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN  YORKSHIRE.  149 

died,  aged  a  little  over  80.  He  was  a  devout  man,  of 
competent  abilities,  very  plain  in  his  preaching,  holy  in 
his  life,  facetious  in  his  discourse,  and  a  lover  of  all  good 
men.  His  widow  died  in  1679,  aged  94,  at  the  house  of 
John  Hulme,  who  married  his  daughter. 

134.  STABLES  (Christian  name  not  given),  was  ejected  at 

Chapeltown. 

The  place  is  uncertain. 

There  is  a  Chapelton  in  the  parish  of  Ecclesfield,  but 
there  appears  to  have  been  no  chapel  there  in  1662. 

There  is  also  a  Chapel-allerton,  or  sometimes  called 
Chapelton,  near  Leeds — the  first  incumbent  of  which, 
according  to  the  list,  being  Mr.  Burnell  in  1660,  who  was 
followed  by  James  Medcalf  in  1663. 

Samuel  Stables,  Oxford,  B.A.,  from  Sidney  College, 
Cambridge,  1651-2,  incorp.  July  12th,  1653 ;  was  rector  of 
Goldsbro,  Yorks,  1670. 

The  house  of  Samuel  Stables  at  Calverley,  was 
licensed  as  a  Presbyterian  meeting  in  1672. 

135.  STEVENSON,  Anthony,  was  ejected  from  the  Rectory 

of  Roos,  in  Holderness. 

In  the  Parish  Register  there  is  the  following  entry, 
"Master  Stevenson  is  the  minister  of  Roose  until 
Bartholomew  Day  next,  1662."  He  had  good  ministerial 
furniture,  and  was  also  well  skilled  in  physic,  which  he 
administered  to  the  poor  gratis.  He  was  an  old  man 
when  ejected,  but  in  good  circumstances  and  continued 
at  Roos  until  his  death. 

136.  SWIFT,    Henry   (1621-1689),   was    a    nonconforming 

minister  in  the  Parish  Church  of  Pmistone. 

After  the  removal  of  Christopher  Dickinson,  "  a  man 
of  scandalous  life  and  conversation  "  (Diary  of  Adam 
Eyre,  pp.  19,  25),  he  was  chosen  vicar  by  the  inhabitants 
of  the  parish  in  1649 ;  and  was  described  as  "  a  preaching 
minister"  (Pari.  Sur.). 

He  continued  preaching  in  the  Parish  Church  after 
Bartholomew's  Day,  without  conforming.    He  is  perhaps 


150     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

the  only  instance  of  a  nonconformist  minister  holding 
his  living  until  his  death.  It  was  a  poor  living,  and  no 
one  cared  for  it  * ;  it  was  doubtful  where  the  right  of 
nomination  was ;  and  the  Bosviles  of  Gunthwaite,  who 
were  declared  to  have  the  best  claims  to  it,  and  had 
themselves  been  active  in  the  Parliamentary  cause,  would 
not  be  anxious  to  remove  him.  The  Wordsworths  of 
Waterhall  and  the  Riches  of  Bullhouse  were  also  his 
supporters;  so  he  continued  preaching  in  the  church 
even  to  the  end  of  his  life. 

He  was  nevertheless  subjected  to  much  trouble  for  not 
conforming.  He  was  three  months  in  York  Castle  under 
the  Five  Mile  Act,  several  ejected  nonconformists 
preaching  for  him  all  the  while.  As  soon  as  he  was  at 
liberty  he  began  to  preach  again.  Having  been  imprisoned 
a  third  time  he  was  prevailed  with  to  take  the  Oxford 
Oath  (1666),  "  not  at  any  time  to  endeavour  any  alteration 
of  government  in  Church  or  State,"  an  oath  which 
nonconformist  ministers  generally  refused  to  take. 

He  read  some  few  prayers  to  keep  his  place,  but  never 
made  the  required  subscription.  From  the  Archbishop's 
Presentation  Book  (1674),  **  appears  that  he  was 
prosecuted  for  not  burying  the  dead  according  to  the  order 
prescribed  in  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer;  for  not 
wearing  the  surplice  when  he  read  prayers  and  performed 
the  offices ;  for  not  bidding  holy-days  and  neglecting  to 
perambulate ;  for  preaching  without  the  gown,  and  for 
instructing  and  examining  the  youth  in  their  catechisms 
[the  Assembly's]  and  neglecting  to  use  that  in  the 
Common  Prayer.     (Diary  of  John  Shawe  :  Surtees  Soc, 

p.  158.) 

Penistone  was  one  of  the  earliest  churches  in  which 
Heywood  preached  after  his  ejection  at  Coley  (May  15th, 
1664) ;  and  he  often  refers  to  his  subsequent  visits  to  Mr. 
Swift.     "  The  Church,"  he  says,  "  had  been  a  garrison 

*  "  There  was  no  striving  for  the  place,  which  was  but  a  small  vicarage ; 
the  profits  whereof,  till  it  came  to  Easter  reckonings,  were  gleaned  by  the 
Duke  of  Norfolk,  who  only  allowed  the  incumbent  a  small  stipend." 
(Cal.,  1st.  ed.) 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  151 

in  the  time  of  war  by  Sir  Francis  Wortley,  whose  seat 
was  at  no  great  distance,  and  who  from  hence  roved  up 
and  down  the  country  robbing  and  taxing  many  honest 
people ;  but  now  the  good  people  from  all  parts  flock 
thither,  and  they  are  sweetly  refreshed  with  the  bread 
of  life  in  public  when  a  spiritual  famine  is  throughout 
the  land."     (Diar.  III.  9.) 

In  1672  Nathan  Denton  had  licence  for  a  meeting  at 
the  house  of  Silvanus  Rich  at  Bullhouse  (about  two  miles 
from  the  Parish  Church) ;  and  at  the  same  time  the 
house  of  Thomas  Haigh,  of  Halsehead,  was  similarly 
licensed.  In  1682,  Mr.  Swift  preached  at  Holmfirth  (a 
chapelry  of  Kirkburton),  for  Mr.  Savill,  minister  there, 
when  he  was  sick ;  and  upon  Sabbath,  August  8th,  Mr. 
Briggs,  vicar  of  Kirkburton,  ordered  a  citation  to  be  read 
against  him  for  baptizing  a  child  without  the  sign  of  the 
Cross,  and  churching  a  woman  in  the  pulpit ;  and  Mr. 
Savill  read  it  at  Holmfirth. 

He  died  suddenly  October  31st,  1689,  and  his  tombstone 
in  Penistone  Church  bears  the  following  inscription : 
"  Here  was  interred  the  body  of  Mr.  Henry  Swift, 
November  2nd,  1689,  aged  66  years,  and  having  been 
minister  of  Penistone  40  years."  (Thoresby,  Corr.  I.  278.) 

137.  TAYLOR,  Richard  (1636-1681),  was  silenced  at  Great 
Houghton,  in  the  parish  of  Darfield. 

He  was  born  at  Sheffield,  May  17th,  1636 ;  educated  at 
Magdalen  College,  Cambridge ;  chaplain  in  the  family  of 
Mrs.  Dalton,  Fulbourn,  near  Cambridge,  preaching  in  the 
neighbourhood ;  whence  he  came  to  Great  Houghton  as 
chaplain  to  Sir  Edward  Rodes,  who  had  built  a  chapel 
adjacent  to  his  mansion  in  1650.  Here  he  was  living 
when  silenced  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity. 

He  had  licence  to  preach  at  the  house  of  John 
Wadsworth  at  Swaithe  Hall  as  a  Congregationalist 
(May  22nd,  1672),  also  at  the  house  of  Fisher,  Sheffield, 
where  he  ministered  till  his  death  in  March,  1681,  at  the 
age  of  45.  Morrice  says  he  was  Independent,  and  not 
ordained.     Calamy,  1st  Ed.,  says  :     "  He  was  a  serious, 


152     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

zealous  Christian  and  a  plain  laborious  preacher,  and 
God  owned  his  ministry  in  these  parts  for  the  good  of 
many."  Calamy  derived  most  of  his  information  from  a 
MS.  entitled,  "A  Thankful  Remembrance  of  Some 
Remarkable  Acts  of  the  Lord's  good  Providence  towards 
me,  Richard  Taylor." 

138.  THOMAS,  Gilbert,  was  ejected  from  the  Vicarage  of 

Stillingfleety  seven  miles  from  York. 

He  was  here  about  1650;  and  signed  certificates  in 
1659  to  Stephen  Arlush  and  Thomas  Burdsall.  We 
have  not  ascertained  anything  else  respecting  him. 

139.  THELWALL,  John  (1621-1684),  was  ejected  from  the 

Rectory  of  Whiston,  two  miles  from  Rotherham. 

He  was  son  of  Simon  Thelwall,  Esq.,  of  Plan-ynys, 
Denbighshire,  where  he  was  born;  admitted  pensioner 
to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  October  20th,  1636,  aet. 
15.  Walker  says  some  one  was  a  sufferer  at  Whiston. 
Thomas  Pawson  appears  to  have  been  there  in  1650 ; 
signed  at  meeting  of  York,  1644;  "a  painful  preacher  of 
good  conversation "  (Pari.  Sur.).  Thelwall  signed  a 
certificate  to  Thomas  Burdsall  in  1658.  After  his  ejection 
he  continued  to  reside  at  Whiston,  had  licence  for  his 
own  house  there  as  a  Presbyterian  (December  22nd,  1672), 
and  died  in  1684,  aged  about  63. 

140.  THORPE,  Richard  (1638-1713),  was  silenced  at  Hopton, 

in  the  parish  of  Mivfield. 

He  had  a  patrimony  at  Hopton  Hall,  and  was  prepar- 
ing for  the  ministry  when  the  Act  of  Uniformity  took 
place.  It  is  said  that  he  was  much  pressed  to  conform 
and  accept  a  parish  living ;  but  he  could  not  conscien- 
tiously do  so,  and  cast  in  his  lot  with  the  nonconformists. 
He  held  religious  meetings  in  his  own  house  as  he  had 
opportunity  ;  and  was  often  visited  there  by  Heywood 
from  1666  onwards.  He  founded  a  free  school  at  Mirfield 
by  deed  dated  February  24th,  1667,  for  teaching  fifteen 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  153 

poor  children  to  read  English  well.  Under  the  Declara- 
tion of  Indulgence  he  had  licence  for  his  house  as  a 
Presbyterian  (September  30th,  1672).  In  the  first 
ordination  service  among  nonconformists  held  in  York- 
shire, at  Richard  Mitchell's,  Marton  Scar,  near  Skipton, 
(July  8th,  1676),  he  was  ordained  by  Hey  wood,  Frankland 
and  Dawson ;  the  other  candidates  being  John  Issott 
and  John  Darnton.  "  Mr.  Thorpe,"  says  Heywood, 
"adhered  in  some  points  of  faith,  justification,  which  Mr. 
Frankland  disowned,  and  which  occasioned  a  short 
amicable  dispute.  He  also  positioned  on  the  thesis  Datur 
Divina  Providentia,  delivering  a  learned  discourse  in 
Latin."  He  does  not  appear  to  have  suffered  much  from 
persecution.  After  the  Act  of  Toleration  was  passed  the 
house  of  Michael  Sheard,  at  Hopton,  was  certified  as  a 
meeting-place  for  Protestant  dissenters,  It  is  probable 
that  henceforth,  if  not  before,  Hopton  Hall  ceased  to  be 
the  meeting-place. 

Richard  Thorpe  was  buried  at  Mirfield,  January  30th, 
1713.  His  son,  Daniel  Thorpe,  preached  at  the  meeting 
after  the  decease  of  his  father;  but  he  did  not  assume 
the  position  of  minister.  The  Lord's  Supper  was  not 
administered  for  twenty  years,  and  only  two  who  had 
been  communicants  with  Mr.  Thorpe  joined  the  Church 
formed  in  1732,  when  the  first  chapel  was  built.  He  is 
also  said  to  have  often  preached  at  Barnsley ;  he  died 
suddenly,  March  nth,  1719,  and  was  buried  at  Mirfield. 
After  this  various  occasioned  ministers  preached  at  Hopton. 
Another  Richard  Thorpe,  son  or  nephew  of  the  first- 
named,  purchased  Lees  Hall,  near  Thornhill,  and  died 
there,  January  6th,  1715.  The  widow  of  the  first-named 
died  May  8th,  1725,  at  the  house  of  Richard  Hutton,  of 
Pudsey,  husband  of  her  daughter  Mary,  who,  after  his 
decease,  left  a  valuable  endowment  to  the  nonconformist 
ministers  of  Hopton,  and  seven  other  places. 

141.  TODD,  Cornelius,  M.A.  (1631-1696),  was  ejected  from 
the  Vicarage  of  Bilton,  five  miles  from  Wetherby. 

He   was  the  second  son  of  Robert  Todd,  ejected  at 


154     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Leeds  ;  and  born  at  Ledsham,  where  his  father  was  then 
vicar;  educated  at  Leeds  Grammar  School  and  Clare 
Hall,  Cambridge.  After  taking  his  degrees  he  became 
chaplain  to  the  religious  and  charitable  Mrs.  Leighton, 
and  afterwards  to  Lord  Fairfax,  at  Nun-Appleton,  in  the 
parish  of  Bilborough.  He  was  ordained  at  Adel,  October 
31st,  1655  (see  Johnson).  Lord  Fairfax  gave  him  the 
living  of  Bilborough,  and  in  1659  (January  19th)  he  was 
presented  by  the  trustees  for  the  maintenance  of  ministers 
to  the  vicarage  of  Bilton.  He  built  here  a  new  vicarage 
house,  which,  at  his  ejection,  he  was  compelled  to  leave 
without  any  compensation  for  his  outlay  thereon. 

After  his  ejection  he  held  on  his  ministry  with  many 
discouragements.  But  through  the  kindness  of  Philip, 
Lord  Wharton,  he  lived  at  Healaugh  Manor,  near 
Tadcaster,  and  received  £8  per  annum  during  his  life. 
He  had  licence  as  an  Independent  to  preach  at  Healaugh 
Manor  (May  20th),  and  in  or  nigh  the  town  of  Leeds  or 
elsewhere  (September  30th).  On  the  same  date  the 
house  of  John  Todd,  perhaps  a  brother  of  Cornelius,  at 
Tadcaster,  was  licensed  as  an  Independent  meeting-place. 
After  the  erection  of  a  meeting-house  at  Mill  Hill, 
Leeds,  he  was  chosen  one  of  the  four  ministers  to  preach 
there.  When  officers  were  sent  by  the  Mayor  to  disperse 
the  assembly  (August  16th,  1674),  ne  addressed  them  to 
the  effect  that  "he  could  not  but  lament  that  while  in 
Rome,  and  under  Nero,  Paul  could  for  three  years  be 
permitted  to  preach  in  his  own  hired  house,  he  should 
not  be  allowed  to  preach  in  a  Christian  Church  and 
State."  Though  he  was  a  very  plain  man,  and  no  fluent 
orator,  what  he  said  had  such  an  effect  that  he  was 
permitted  to  go  on  quietly  with  the  service  without 
further  disturbance. 

Having  been  afterwards  obliged  to  retire,  he  lived 
privately  at  Healaugh,  preaching  as  he  had  opportunity, 
until  he  was  invited  by  "  the  incomparable  Lady  Brooke  " 
to  preach  at  Ellinthorpe,  near  Boroughbridge,  where  her 
late  husband,  Aid.  Brooke,  had  erected  a  domestic  chapel 
near  his  mansion ;  which  he  did,  taking  his  turn  with 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  155 

others  of  his  brethren.  When  preaching  at  the  house  of 
John  Disney,  Esq.,  he  was  taken  and  sent  prisoner  to 
Pontefract,  where  he  was  kept  so  close  that  he  was  seized 
with  a  fever  and  pleurisy  and  narrowly  escaped  with  his 
life.  We  find  him  in  1685  assisting  Heywood  at  a 
religious  service  at  Mr.  Hutton's,  at  Pocklington,  near 
York.  He  died  suddenly,  June  29th,  1696,  aged  65,  and 
was  buried  at  Alne.  He  was  a  pious  man,  an  Israelite 
indeed;  who  continued  his  ministry  under  many  dis- 
couragements and  disadvantages. 

142.  TODD,  Robert,  M.A.  (1594- 1664),  was  ejected  from  the 
Perpetual  Curacy  of  St.  John's  Church,  Leeds. 

He  was  born  at  South  Cave,  in  the  East  Riding, 
educated  at  Jesus  College,  Cambridge;  and  was  one  of 
forty-five  whom  Archbishop  Toby  Matthew  ordained  Sep- 
tember 2nd,  1621.  After  ministering  at  Swinefleet  Chapel 
and  Whitgift  Church  he  was  presented  to  the  vicarage  of 
Ledsham,  in  1615,  by  R.  Harebred,  Esq.  On  the  death 
of  Richard  Garbut,  B.D.,  in  1630,  he  was  appointed 
lecturer  at  the  Parish  Church  of  Leeds,  and  in  1634 
chosen  first  incumbent  of  the  new  church  of  St.  John's, 
built  by  Mr.  Harrison. 

When  the  church  was  consecrated  by  Archbishop 
Neile,  September  21st,  1634,  Dr.  Cosins  (afterwards 
Bishop  of  Durham)  preached  on  the  text,  "  Let  all  things 
be  done  decently  and  in  order  "  (1  Cor.  xiv.  40) ;  and  in 
the  afternoon  Mr.  Todd  expounded  these  words  in  the 
Catechism,  which  fell  in  course,  "Yes,  verily,  and  by 
God's  help,  so  I  will."  Something  that  he  said  was 
supposed  to  reflect  upon  the  hyper-conformity  recom- 
mended in  the  Doctor's  sermon,  and  so  resented  that  he  was 
suspended  from  his  office  for  twelve  months ;  but  on  the 
intercession  of  Mr.  Harrison  and  Sir  Arthur  Ingram,  his 
suspension  was  removed.  He  devoted  himself  with  great 
diligence  and  fidelity  to  his  pastoral  duties.  During  the 
visitation  of  the  plague  in  1646,  when  above  1,300  were 
swept  away  at  Leeds,  he  preached  on  "  Hezekiah's  Boil," 
which   many  have   thought   to   be  the  plague ;  and  his 


156     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

sermons  were  made  effectual  to  the  conversion  of  many 
souls.  He  was  a  great  textuary  and  a  very  Scriptural 
preacher.  He  used  to  hold  a  weekly  conference  with 
some  of  his  people  on  some  passage  of  Scripture,  or  some 
case  of  conscience  proposed  the  preceding  week.  He 
was  an  excellent  scholar,  a  solid,  substantial  and  agree- 
able preacher,  though  his  voice  was  remarkably  loud. 

"  His  sermons  at  Leeds  are  kept  in  many  hands  as  a 
precious  treasure  "  ("  Life  of  Thoresby  "). 

He  set  up  the  Presbyterian  discipline  at  St.  John's, 
though  not  without  some  trouble;  signed  the  West 
Riding  Ministers'  Attestation;  and  was  described  as 
"an  able  and  constant  preacher  "  (Pari.  Sur.). 

When  ejected  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity  he  was  deeply 
affected,  and  mourned  in  secret ;  but  continued  his 
attendance  at  public  worship,  and  afterwards  preached 
privately  in  his  own  house.  In  his  last  sickness,  R. 
Chomley,  Esq.,  in  gratitude  for  the  good  he  had  received 
under  his  ministry,  desired  his  leave  to  send  for  a 
physician  ;  but  he  said  :  "  No,  there  is  but  one  in  England 
who  can  do  me  good,  and  that  is  King  Charles,  by  giving 
me  liberty  to  preach."  He  died  January  16th,  1664, 
aged  67 ;  and  was  buried  in  the  church  where  he  had  so 
long  ministered. 

He  wrote  the  "  Epistle  "  which  is  prefixed  to  Elkanah 
Wales'  "  Mount  Ebal  Levelled,"  dated  April  21st,  1658. 

143.  TOWNE,   Robert   (1592- 1664),   was   ejected  from  the 
Chapelry  of  Haworth,  in  the  parish  of  Bradford. 

He  was  a  native  of  Yorkshire ;  educated  at  Oriel 
College,  Oxford  ;  matriculated  December  4th,  1612, 
aet.  19  ;  B.A.  June  13th,  1614. 

He  was  at  Heywood  Chapel,  Lanes.,  in  1640,  when 
he  was  regarded  as  an  Antinomian  and  a  follower  of 
Brierley  of  Grindleton ;  and  addressed  the  following 
memorial  to  the  Bishop  of  Chester,  July  31st,  1640 : 

"  To  the  Bishop  of  Chester. 

Whereas  I  Robert  Towne,  clerke,  now  curate  of  Heywood 
chapel  in   the   co.   of  Lancaster,  have   been  charged  to  hold  the 


MINISTERS   EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  157 

opinion  of  the  Priscilianists  and  Antinomians,  and  in  these  parts  by 
some  called  Grindlestonians*  I  do  hereby' professe  that  I  hould  no 
such  opinion,  but  doe  utterly  renounce  and  disclaime  the  same. 

And  I  doe  also  affirme  that  I  have  not  by  word  or  writing 
broached  any  doctrine  which  can  justly  be  said  to  favor  the  said 
opinion  to  the  best  of  my  remembrance ;  and  if  I  have  the  same 
hath  carnallye  fallen  from  me,  or  rather  been  mistaken  by  some 
hearers  :  and  howsoever  I  doe  hereby  faithfully  promise  to  be  more 
wary  hereafter,  and  that  I  will  not  give  any  just  cause  or  scandall 
or  offence  in  doctrine  or  otherwise  to  the  Church  of  God,  or  any 
member  of  the  same. 

In  witness  whereof  I  have  hereunder  subscribed  my  hand  the  day 
and  year  above  written. 

Robert  Towne,  clerke."  t 

He  was  appointed  to  Todmorden  Chapel,  in  1643,  and 
left  before  1650.  In  February,  1647-8,  the  Bury  Classis 
determined  that  he  should  not  continue  at  Todmorden. 
He  became  curate  at  Elland,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax, 
in  1652  ;  was  appointed  registrar  October  17th,  1653 ; 
"  a  constant  preacher  of  God's  Word,  and  hath  for  his 
sallarye  £27  13s.  4d.  per  annum  arising  out  of  lands 
allotted  for  that  use"  (Pari.  Sur.).  "At  Elland,"  says 
Heywood,  "was  old  Mr.  Robert  Towne,  the  famous 
Antinomian,  who  writ  some  books ;  he  was  the  best 
scholar  and  soberest  man  of  that  judgment  in  the 
country,  but  something  unsound  in  principles."  He 
removed  to  Haworth  i%  1655,  and  continued  there  till 

*Or  Grindletonians,  from  Grindleton,  a  chapelry  of  the  parish  of 
Milton,  in  Craven,  where  Robert  Brereley  or  Brierley  (1586-1637)  was 
curate,  a  plain  and  popular  Calvinistic  preacher,  and  had  many  followers 
who  were  thus  scornfully  named.  He  was  tried  before  the  High  Com- 
mission at  York  for  Antinomian  and  others  errors,  but  acquitted  by 
Archbishop  Tobias  Matthew  ;  preached  a  sermon  in  the  Minster,  and 
was  afterwards  (1631)  instituted  to  the  living  of  Burnley.  Numerous 
sermons  and  tracts  of  his  were  published.  Dr.  Whitaker  (1618)  speaks 
of  him  as  "  some  frantic  enthusiast  of  the  time  who  turned  the  heads  of 
his  followers."  The  Grindletonians  are  mentioned  by  Lord  Brooke  in 
The  Nature  of  the  Episcopate,  &>c. ;  by  Ephraim  Pagitt  in  his  Hevesiography 
(1661) ;  and  by  many  others  ;  but  they  never  formed  themselves  into  a 
distinct  and  separate  sect.  It  is  not  improbable  that  Robert  Towne  in 
his  early  ministry  was  associated  with  Brereley.  _J 

t  Surtees  Society  :  Bury  Classis,  p.  234.  There  was  a  further  complaint 
against  him  for  Antinomianism  in  the  Assembly  of  Divines,  Aug.,  1643 
(Lightfoot's  Works  VIII.  9  ;  Com.  Jour.  III.  200). 


158     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


he  was  ejected  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity.  He  did  not 
live  long  afterwards,  but  died  in  June,  1664,  aged  72,  and 
was  buried  at  Haworth. 

He  published  "  The  Assertion  of  Grace;  or,  a  Defence 
of  the  Doctrine  of  Free  Justification  against  the  Law- 
lesse,  unjust  and  uncharitable  imputation  of  Antifidians, 
or  Favorites  of  Anti-christ,  who  under  a  pretended  zeal 
for  the  Law  do  pervert,  oppugn  and  obscure  the  sim- 
plicitie  of  the  Gospel.  By  Robert  Towne,  Minister  of 
the  Gospel.  Printed  for  Edification  of  the  Faithful  " 
(no  date).     In  the  first  chapter  he  says : 

"  Yet  I  wish  that  I  be  not  mistaken,  for  I  never  deny  the  Law  to 
be  an  eternal  and  inviolate  Rule  of  Righteousness ;  but  yet  affirm 
that  it  is  the  Grace  of  the  Gospel  which  effectually  and  truly  con- 
formeth  thereunto." 

Also  "A  Re-assertion  of  Grace,  &c,"  London,  1654; 
and  "  Monomachia,  or  a  simple  reply  to  Mr.  Rutherford's 
book,  &c.,"  London,  1654.  He  was  the  father  of  Robert 
Towne,  ejected  minister  at  Accrington,  Lanes. ;  and 
uncle  of  Daniel  Towne,  curate  of  Heptonstall,  who 
conformed. 

144.  WAITE,  Thomas,  was  ejected  from  the  Vicarage 
of  Wetwang,  six  miles  west  of  Driffield,  in  the  East 
Riding. 

Nothing  is  known  of  him  prior  to  1650,  the  date  of 
the  Parliamentary  Survey ;  in  which,  under  the  heading 
u  Wetwang  et  Fimber,"  this  entry  occurs:  "Mr. 
Thomas  Waite,  an  able  preaching  minister,  supplies 
both  places." 

He  had  one  son  and  three  daughters,  who  were  all 
baptized  between  1654  and  1661.  His  successor,  Ralph 
Wittie,  was  appointed  in  January,  1662-3. 

Calamy  says :  "  He  was  diligent  in  his  work,  but 
seemed  not  to  have  any  great  success.  He  continued 
here  after  his  ejectment  and  preached  in  his  own  house 
publicly.  His  wife  taught  school,  and  he  assisted  her  .  .  . 
He  was  sometimes  disturbed  by  the  constable  when 
preaching  in  his  house,  where  he  would  have  all  his  wife's 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  159 

scholars  attend  ;  but  he  continued  doing  it  without  fear, 
and  with  his  doors  open." 

For  the  support  of  his  family  he  tilled  a  small  farm 
which  he  had  purchased,  threshing  his  own  corn,  and  in 
winter  tending  his  own  cows.  "  Being  well  esteemed  by 
Lady  Norcliff  [daughter  of  Sir  T.  Fairfax],  she  allowed 
him  £5  a  year  ...  He  was  a  man  of  singular  piety, 
whose  way  of  living  was  so  different  from  that  of  his 
neighbours  that  he  seemed  like  a  man  of  another 
country."  He  was  one  of  three  persons  to  whom,  in 
November,  1662,  Nathaniel  Jackson,  the  ejected  vicar  of 
Barwick-in-Elmet,  left  £20  per  annum  for  pious  uses. 
He  probably  left  Wetwang  before  1672;  for  his  name 
does  not  appear  among  the  licensees  under  the  In- 
dulgence, nor  is  it  found  in  the  Burials  Register  of  the 
parish. 

145.  WALES,  Elkanah  (1588-1669),  was  ejected  from  the 
Chapelry  of  Pudsey,  in  the  parish  of  Calverley,  near 
Bradford,  in  1662. 

He  was  the  second  son  of  John  Wales,  of  Idle ;  born 
there  in  the  memorable  year  1588  (the  Spanish  Armada), 
and  baptized  at  Calverley,  December  15th  ;  educated  at 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge ;  B.A.  1608,  M.A.  1609 ; 
licensed  by  Archbishop  Tobie  Matthew  to  the  office  of 
a  curate  at  the  church  of  Calverley  about  1615,  during 
the  suspension  of  James  Smith,  vicar ;  and  soon  after- 
wards, if  not  previously,  at  the  invitation  of  the  people 
of  Pudsey  became  their  minister  : 

"Where,"  as  stated  by  Thoresby,  "without  the  least 
secular  advantages  he  became  very  famous  for  his  pure 
work's  sake,  being  a  person  of  great  holiness  and 
unspotted  life.  Here  he  laboured  mightily  in  word  and 
doctrine,  taking  wondrous  pains  in  preaching,  praying, 
catechising  and  expounding;  though  after  all  he  saw 
not  so  much  fruit  of  his  ministry  among  them  as  he 
desired  and  others  expected,  so  that  it  might  be  said  of 
him  as  of  worthy  Mr.   Greenham   [Richard  Greenham, 


160     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

1535-1594,  an  eminent  Puritan  minister  of  Dry  Drayton, 
near  Cambridge] ,  ■  he  had  pastures  green,  but  sheep 
full  lean.5  But  his  ministry  was  more  effectual  upon 
multitudes  of  others  who  from  all  the  regions  round 
about  flocked  to  hear  him,  many  of  whom  owned  him 
as  their  spiritual  father  and  had  their  fleece  wet  when 
others  were  dry." 

The  worthy  just  named,  after  he  had  many  years 
watered  Dry  Drayton  with  his  tears  and  found  no 
proportionable  fruitfulness,  was  prevailed  upon  by  the 
importunity  of  his  friends  to  leave  his  parish  to  a  worthy 
successor  and  removed  to  London ;  but  poor  Pudsey  was 
so  much  engraven  upon  Mr.  Wales'  heart  that  nothing 
could  obliterate  it. 

He  was  often  called  to  take  part  in  the  famous 
Monthly  Exercises  at  Leeds  and  Halifax,  and  at  Public 
Fasts,  Thanksgivings  and  Holy-days.  Before  the  Puritan 
Revolution,  when  the  Archbishop  of  York  was  Neile,  who 
declared  himself  an  enemy  of  the  Puritan  faction,  he 
entertained  strong  thoughts  of  going  to  New  England, 
to  escape  ecclesiastical  oppression;  and  was  invited  to 
become  assistant  to  Ezekiel  Rogers,  the  notable  Puritan 
minister  of  Rowley.  His  eldest  brother,  Nathaniel, 
emigrated  to  Boston,  and  died  there.  Amidst  the 
agitations  that  immediately  preceded  the  civil  war  he 
kept  many  fast  days  at  Pudsey,  on  one  of  which,  when 
the  expectation  of  the  Irish  filled  the  country  with  dread, 
immense  consternation  was  caused  by  a  man  who  came 
and  stood  in  the  chapel  door  in  time  of  service  and  cried 
out  with  a  lamentable  voice,  "  Friends !  the  Irish  Rebels 
are  coming.  We  are  all  as  good  as  dead  men"  (1641). 
Happily  the  alarm  was  groundless. 

When  the  Cavaliers  were  dominant  in  the  neighbour- 
hood he  was  much  harassed;  his  study  was  rifled  and 
most  of  his  books  carried  away.  On  the  other  hand  he 
was  greatly  befriended  by  Lord  Fairfax,  who  made  him 
several  noble  offers  of  considerable  preferment.  He  was 
urged  to  settle  in  Lancashire  (1643),  at  Newcastle  (1644), 
at  Carlisle  (1645),  and  as  assistant  of  Robert  Todd,  the 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  161 

first  incumbent  of  St.  John's,  Leeds.     But  nothing  could 
induce  him  to  leave  his  poor  curacy  at  Pudsey. 

He  was  a  decided  Presbyterian  with  Royalist  leanings ; 
signed  the  Vindiciae  Veritatis,  or  the  West  Riding 
Ministers'  Attestation  in  favour  of  a  Presbyterian  Estab- 
lishment ;  assisted  in  dividing  the  West  Riding  into 
Classical  Presbyteries  (April  6th,  1648) ;  and  when  these 
Presbyteries,  unsupported  by  coercive  authority,  became 
merely  voluntary  associations,  took  an  active  part  therein. 
He  preached  December  8th,  1649,  on  a  day  of  solemn 
humiliation  at  St.  John's,  at  the  setting  up  of  Presbyterian 
discipline  there,  and  at  the  ordination  of  Mr.  Sale  as 
assistant  to  Mr.  Todd ;  and  gave  exhortations  before  the 
sacrament  in  the  same  church,  and  at  the  classes  there 
and  at  Hunslet,  the  last  of  which  was  April,  1662. 

He  was  described  in  the  Parliamentary  Survey  as  "  a 
grave  and  frequent  preacher,  maintained  by  the  benevo- 
lence of  the  people,  only  £10  per  annum  being  allowed 
one  of  the  rectory  after  Mr.  Waugh's  decease."  Crom- 
well was  informed  at  Doncaster  that  he  united  with 
others  in  U  some  consultations  against  the  present 
Government,  and  in  special  to  set  up  the  old  Cavalier 
Fast  which  the  late  King  had  set  up  "  (August  20th, 
1651).  A  certificate  of  the  ordination  of  a  minister  by 
the  Classical  Presbytery  at  Adel,  near  Leeds,  October 
31st,  1655,  was  signed  by  him  and  others,  Thomas 
Hawksworth,  of  Hunslet,  being  Moderator. 

He  left  behind  him  a  great  quantity  of  sermons  and 
expositions  written  by  him  over  a  long  period,  which 
were  in  the  possession  of  Thoresby,  whose  father,  John 
Thoresby,  was  one  of  his  most  intimate  friends ;  but  he 
published  nothing  except  "A  Short  Catechism  for  Young 
Persons"  (1652),  a  tract  entitled  "A  Writ  of  Error" 
(1654),  and  an  excellent  little  book  called  "  Mount  Ebal 
Levelled,  or  the  Curse  Removed  "  (1659),  which  was 
dedicated  to  Lord  Fairfax  and  prefaced  by  recom- 
mendatory letters  by  Edmund  Calamy,  Edward  Bowles 
and  Robert  Todd. 

According  to  the  testimony  of  his  admiring  friends  he 


162     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

was  indeed  an  excellent  preacher  of  a  profound  judgment, 
and  had  an  admirable  art  in  pressing  practical  truths 
home  upon  the  conscience  and  exemplifying  things  by 
pertinent  and  familiar  similitudes.  He  had  an  excellent 
faculty  in  opening  the  Scriptures  as  he  quoted  them,  and 
showed  his  learning  in  making  things  plain,  not  obscure. 
He  was  specially  remarkable  for  his  humility  and  self- 
denial.  His  motto  was :  "  Less  than  the  least  of  all 
saints."  With  great  liberality  he  educated  at  the  Uni- 
versities three  of  the  orphan  children  of  his  brother 
Samuel,  sometime  minister  at  St.  Mary's,  Morley.  He 
was  a  tall  man,  of  a  comely  countenance  and  engaging 
behaviour ;  his  excellent  disposition  was  so  improved  by 
grace  as  to  render  him  exceedingly  amiable.  His  portrait 
was  at  one  time  as  common  at  Leeds  as  that  of  Mr. 
Bowles,  of  York. 

Of  his  wife  Anna,  nothing  is  recorded  except  the 
initials  of  her  name  and  the  date  of  her  death  on  a  grave- 
stone in  the  churchyard  of  the  old  Chapel,  "  A.W.,  May 
16,  1660."  At  the  age  of  73  he  married  for  his  second 
wife  Mary  Butler  (Clavering),  widow  of  Thomas  Butler, 
merchant,  at  St.  John's,  Newcastle,  September  3rd,  1661* ; 
in  reference  to  whom  Thoresby  remarks,  "  the  good  man 
had  Mr.  Hooker's  hap  in  this  respect — the  best  men 
have  not  always  the  best  wives — so  that  his  deafness  in 
his  later  years  seemed  to  be  a  special  mercy  to  him,  his 
wife  having  too  much  of  Xantippe's  tongue,  though 
otherwise   a   good  woman. 

In  common  with  his  friend  Edward  Bowles  and  other 
Presbyterians,  he  was  desirous  of  the  restoration  of 
Charles  II.,  little  anticipating  the  results  that  followed. 
After   the   passing   of  the   Act   of    Uniformity   he   still 

*  She  was  the  mother  of  Jane,  wife  of  John  Oxenbridge,  M.A.,  some- 
time Congregational  minister  at  Beverley,  and  of  Mary,  wife  of  Ambrose 
Barnes,  the  Diarist.  Barnes  tells  the  story  of  Sir  James  Clavering,  of 
Axwells,  Durham  (first  cousin  of  his  wife),  that  one  day,  speaking  seriously 
and  closely  to  the  old  baronet  concerning  the  life  to  come  and  what  a  call 
old  age  is  to  prepare  for  it,  the  latter  replied,  "  Ay,  cousin  Barnes,  you  say 
true,  I  hope  I  shall  be  saved  for  I  never  pay  visits  on  Sundays,  but  keep 
within  doors  and  read  4  Dugdale's  Baronage  of  England.  '  " 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   IN   YORKSHIRE.  163 

preached  in  the  Chapel  till  its  doors  were  locked  against 
him,  and  then  he  was  reported  at  the  Archdeacon's  visi- 
tation "  for  causing  the  chapel-door  to  be  broken  open 
and  for  preaching  there  contrary  to  the  Act  of  Parliament, 
4th  October,  1663." 

He  continued  to  reside  at  Pudsey,  preaching  at  various 
places  as  he  had  opportunity,  and  having  James  Sale, 
ejected  from  St.  John's,  Leeds,  as  his  companion  and 
comfort.  On  one  occasion  he  was  arrested  for  preaching  in 
the  Chapel  at  Bramley,  near  Leeds,  and  brought  before  the 
Justices ;  and  was  released  in  consideration  of  his  advanced 
age.  Taking  advantage  of  the  Five  Mile  Act  an  ill  neigh- 
bour compelled  him  to  leave  his  house.  Heywood  says 
(August  25th,  1666)  that  he  "  travelled  a  little  way  with 
Mr.  Wales,  who  is  banished  from  home  and  is  gone  into 
the  North  with  his  wife"  (who  never  returned  but  died 
at  Newcastle  in  1668).  During  his  absence  his  house  was 
taken  possession  of,  and  his  goods  were  thrown  into  the 
street. 

For  the  last  two  or  three  years  of  his  life  he  resided 
with  friends  at  Leeds,  who  were  glad  of  his  company. 
He  had  the  happiness  of  sana  senectus,  to  which  his  tem- 
perance both  in  diet  and  passion  contributed  ;  he  died  in 
peace  at  the  house  of  his  cousin,  Robert  Hickson,  of 
Leeds,  May  10th,  1669,  and  was  buried  on  the  following 
day.  "  Precious  Mr.  Wales,"  wrote  Heywood  in  his 
Diary,  "  is  dead  in  my  absence,  buried  at  Leeds,  May 
nth."  He  was  interred  at  St.  John's  Church,  in  the 
grave  where  his  friend  Robert  Todd  had  been  placed  five 
years  before,  and  where  Thomas  Sharp  was  at  a  later 
date  laid  beside  them.  "  How  voluminously,"  says 
Thoresby,  "one  stone  covers  three  so  great  and  good 
men,  whose  memory  will  live  for  ever  in  these  parts." 

By  his  Will,  dated  April  7th,  1669,  he  gave,  along  with 
numerous  legacies  to  his  relatives  and  friends,  small  sums 
to  the  poor  of  Calverley,  Pudsey  and  Idle.  Prior  to  that 
date  he  had  conveyed  to  Trustees  a  Parsonage  house  and 
two  closes  of  land  with  a  croft,  all  lying  in  Pudsey,  upon 
trust,  "to  suffer  such  preaching  minister  and  ministers 


164     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

duly  elected  to  preach  the  word  of  God  in  the  said  Chapel 
of  Pudsey,"  the  benefit  of  which  has  been  ever  since 
enjoyed  by  the  ministers  of  the  Church  from  which  he 
himself  was  excluded. 

146.  WALTON.     Calamy   mentions    a   "  Mr.  Walton  "  as 

ejected  from  Kirby  Mall;  probably  Kirkby  Malzeard, 
six  miles  from  Ripon. 

Nothing  is  known  of  him.  At  the  time  of  the  Parlia- 
mentary Survey,  Nicholas  Walton,  "a  preaching 
minister,"  was  vicar  of  Bolton-in-Craven. 

147.  WARHAM    [also  spelled   Wharham  and   Wherham] , 

Richard  (1640-  ),  was  silenced  in  Yorkshire,  and 
afterwards  preached  at  Badsworth,  five  '  miles  from 
Pontefract. 

He  was  son  of  John  Waram,  of  Barnburgh,  hus- 
bandman; bred  at  Doncaster  under  Mr.  Cooke  two 
years  ;  admitted  to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
October  20th,  1657,  aet.  17.  He  was  not  fixed  in  any 
living  in  1662.  But  we  find  him  obtaining  a  licence  as  a 
Presbyterian  at  the  house  of  Milcock,  Badsworth,  in 
1672. 

148.  WATERHOUSE,  Jonas,  M.A.  (1627-1717),  was  ejected 

from  a  Curacy  in  Bradford. 

He  was  the  son  of  Henry  Waterhouse,  of  Tooting, 
Surrey;  but  his  family  originally  belonged  to  Halifax. 
(See  Thoresby's  Diary  I.  60,  note.)  He  graduated  at 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  of  which  College  he  was 
sometime  Fellow.  He  is  described  as  "  a  learned  man,  a 
lover  of  peace,  and  greatly  esteemed  for  his  work's  sake." 
After  his  ejectment  he  lived  privately,  and  frequented  the 
established  worship ;  but  was  accustomed  to  preach  on 
Sunday  evenings  in  his  own  house  :  however,  his  name 
does  not  appear  among  the  licensees  in  1672.  He  printed 
a  "Discourse  of  God  and  Religion,"  a  copy  of  which  he 
presented  to  Thoresby  on  September  19th,  1692  (Diary 
I.  228).  He  died  at  Bradford  on  February  13th,  1716-17, 
in  the  ninetieth  year  of  his  age.    (Northowram  Register.) 


MINISTERS   EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  165 

149.  WHITEHURST.  Richard  (  -1697),  was  ejected  from 
the  Vicarage  of  Laughton-en-le-Morthen,  five  miles  from 
Rotherham. 

After  his  ejection  he  continued  to  reside  at  Laughton, 
under  the  protection  of  Anthony  Hatfield,  Esq.,  of  West- 
hall,  Hatfield ;  who  belonged  to  an  eminent  Puritan 
family,  was  a  great  friend  to  nonconformist  ministers, 
and  married  a  daughter  of  Lady  Dorothy  Norcliffe,  of 
Langton  Hall,  near  Malton  (a  member  of  the  old  Con- 
gregational Church  at  Hull). 

When  Heywood  visited  Westhall  in  1666  he  found  Mr. 
Whitehurst  "an  honest  nonconformist  living  openly 
and  quietly  in  his  old  place."  The  mansion  was  spacious 
and  contained  a  large  hall  where  worship  was  frequently 
performed  notwithstanding  the  severity  of  the  laws.  The 
preacher  usually  stood  in  a  passage  leading  to  the  other 
rooms,  having  in  times  of  special  danger  a  thin  curtain 
drawn  before  him,  through  which  he  could  see  the 
audience  though  he  could  not  easily  be  seen. 

Under  the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  he  applied  for  a 
licence  for  a  Congregational  meeting  at  a  certain  house 
at  Westhall,  Hatfield.  But  owing  to  the  objection 
commonly  made  to  public  halls  the  application  does  not 
appear  to  have  been  approved  (April  27th,  1672) ;  though 
John  Rooke  had  a  licence  for  a  Congregational  meeting 
at  his  own  house  at  Westhall,  Hatfield  (June  20th). 

Soon  afterwards  Whitehurst  became  pastor  of  the  Con- 
gregational Church  in  Bradford-dale,  which  had  been 
formed  about  1655,  and  met  in  different  places  at  Allerton, 
Thornton  and  Horton,  near  Bradford.  He  was  at  first  very 
popular  ;  but  owing  to  his  inclination  to  Fifth  Monarchy 
opinions  and  Antinomianism,  and,  according  to  Heywood, 
to  "  giving  leave  to  private  men  to  exercise  their  gifts 
publicly,"  a  difference  arose  between  him  and  some  of  the 
members  of  the  Church,  which  led  to  a  division ;  one 
party  worshipping  at  Lidiat  [Lidget],  Clayton,  where 
Mr.  Whitehurst  had  already  (1678)  built  a  new  meeting- 
house, the  other  at  Kipping,  Thornton. 


1 66     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

He  continued  to  minister  at  Lidiat  for  many  years  and 
in  a  time  of  severe  persecution.  Under  the  Toleration 
Act  it  was  certified  to  the  Quarter  Sessions  at  Leeds, 
in  July,  1689,  that  "  an  Assembly  of  dissenting  Protes- 
tants in  and  about  Bradford  and  Bradford-dale  do  make 
choice  of  the  house  of  Richard  Whitehurst,  clerk, 
Lidgate,  Clayton."  Three  or  four  years  afterwards  he 
removed  to  Bridlington,  where  he  died  of  a  fever, 
September  5th,  1697. 

150.  WILLIAMS,  Peter  (1625-1680),  was  ejected  from  the 
Minster  at  York. 

He  was  born  at  Salisbury.  He  came  to  York  as  a 
tutor  in  the  family  of  Aid.  James  Brook,*  and  instructor 
of  his  son,  afterwards  Sir  John  Brook.  He  was  curate 
of  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  Ousebridge,  in  1650 ;  and  in 
1655  one  of  the  four  preachers  at  the  Minster  and 
All-hallows. 

After  being  silenced  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity  he  kept 
close  to  his  study,  but  preached  a  week-day  lecture  at  the 
house  of  Lady  Lister.t  Many  envied  his  liberty,  but 
durst  not  disturb  him  while  under  the  wing  of  such  an 
honourable  person,  who  was  nearly  related  to  thirty 
Knights  and  persons  of  the  best  rank. 

After  her  death  he  held  a  lecture  at  Lady  Watson's  J 

*  Brook,  Aid.  James,  Lord  Mayor  1651,  died  1675,  aged  81, 
buried  at  Aldborough.  He  bought  an  estate  at  Ellinthorp  in  that 
neighbourhood,  and  built  a  chapel  adjacent  to  his  mansion  in  1658. 
His  wife  Priscilla  (Jackson)  survived  him,  resided  at  Howgrave,  a  few 
miles  distant,  where  she  made  her  will,  December  nth,  1691,  being  then 
very  old,  to  be  buried  with  her  husband,  and  died  February  23rd,  1706. 
In  her  will  she  mentions  Thomas  Bendlow,  of  Howgrave,  and  his 
children.  Their  son,  Sir  John  Brook,  Bart.  (June  13th,  1676),  married 
Mary,  daughter  of  Sir  Hardress  Waller,  and  left  several  daughters ;  one  of 
whom,  Mary,  married  William  Procter,  whose  son  Anthony  lived  at 
Barwick. 

f  Lady  Lister  was  widow  of  Sir  William  Lister,  of  Thornton-in- 
Craven,  and  daughter  of  Sir  H.  Bellasis,  of  Newburgh,  whose  powerful 
patronage  protected  him  from  the  annoyance  to  which  others  were 
exposed. 

X  Lady  Watson.  Her  father's  name  was  Nelson  and  she  was  born  in 
Westmoreland.    It  is  said  that  she  was  married  at  eleven  years  old  (born 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  167 

house,  which  she  afterwards  gave  him  by  will.  He  was 
also  a  friend  and  spiritual  adviser  of  Mrs.  Rokeby  (wife 
of  Mr.  Rokeby,  barrister,  afterwards  judge  and  knighted). 
A  copy  of  his  Book  is  inscribed  "  For  your  selfe," 
and  below  it  "  Ex  dono  authoris  U  (Ursula)  R  (Rokeby)." 
He  had  licence  as  a  general  Presbyterian  teacher  at 
his  own  house  at  York  (May  21st,  1672).  He  was  a 
sweet  tempered,  meek-spirited  man  of  great  abilities  and 
considerable  learning,  and  had  a  well  furnished  library. 
He  was  an  exact  and  curious  preacher,  very  spiritual 
and  sententious.  He  published  a  volume  entitled 
**  Philanthropia ;  or  the  Transcendencies  of  Christ's 
Love  towards  the  Children  of  Men,"  1665  ;  which  he 
dedicated  "  to  his  Christian  and  dearly  beloved  friends 
in  York  and  elsewhere,  as  a  public  and  permanent 
testimonial  of  unfeigned  affection  to  themselves  and  real 
gratitude  for  their  respect  and  favour  towards  him." 
He  died  of  the  stone,  attended  with  a  fever,  March  20th, 
1680,  aged  55. 

151.  WILSON,  George   (1601-1671),  was  ejected  from   the 
Vicarage  of  Easingwold,  in  the  North  Riding,  in  1662. 

His  name  appears  in  a  certificate  signed  by  him  in 
1658.  After  his  ejection  he  continued  to  reside  at 
Easingwold  till  his  death,  September  22nd,  1671.  His 
motto  was  "  Ut  vivas  vigila."  He  left  by  will,  in  1666,  the 
rent  of  a  close  containing  over  five  acres  for  the  benefit 
of  the  most  needy  poor.  He  was  a  brother-in-law  of 
Thomas  Calvert,  of  York,  who  wrote  an  elegy  in  his 
memory. 

1598) ;  her  first  husband  lived  but  two  or  three  years  after  they  were 
married.  She  then  married  Stephen  Watson  (Lord  Mayor  1646  and 
1656,  died  February  28th,  1660).  She  was  eminent  for  piety  and 
hospitality.  In  times  of  greatest  trouble  and  persecution,  when  liberty 
was  most  restrained,  she  kept  her  doors  open  for  both  Lord's  day  and 
week-day  meetings ;  Mr.  Ralph  Ward  on  Thursdays  and  Mr.  Williams 
on  Mondays.  And  when  York  Castle  was  filled  with  prisoners  she  was 
very  liberal  and  bountiful  to  the  prisoners  in  the  Castle  and  improved 
her  interest  in  procuring  liberty  for  divers  .  .  .  She  died  October 
4th,  1680  (?  1679),  and  was  buried  October  8th,  Williams  and  Ward 
preaching  her  funeral  sermons. 


168     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

152.  WILSON,   Joseph  (        -1678),   was    ejected   from   the 
Vicarage  of  St.  Mary's,  Beverley. 

Walker  says  that  there  were  two  sufferers  at  Beverley, 
but  he  could  not  ascertain  their  names.  Wilson  appears 
to  have  been  appointed  in  1639,  in  which  year  his 
handwriting  first  appear  in  the  Register,  which  also 
contained  numerous  entries  in  the  same  handwriting  on 
public  events  between  1642,  when  "  the  King  came  to 
town,"  and  1653,  when  "God  gave  our  Navey  a  great 
victory  over  and  against  the  Hollander "  (Poulson's 
"  Holderness  "  and  "  Beverlac  "  ;  Burns  :  "  History  of 
Pari.  Reg."). 

He  had  an  augmentation  out  of  the  Bishop's  lands 
(1649) ;  was  "a  constant  preacher  "  (Pari.  Sur.). 

On  March  20th,  1648,  a  sermon  was  preached  at  St. 
Mary's  by  Mr.  Oxenbridge,  who  had  been  nominated  by 
the  Committee  for  plundered  ministers ;  and  £40  was 
ordered  to  Mr.  Oxenbridge  and  Mr.  Wilson  out  of 
Nafferton  and  Skipsea  to  be  paid  and  retained  for  the 
Corporation,  Mr.  Wilson  having  had  satisfaction  for  his 
part,  and  Mr.  Oxenbridge  requiring  nothing "  (Corp. 
Records). 

In  1658  Samuel  Ferris,  minister  at  Beverley,  received 
from  the  Committee  for  compoundings,  the  sum  of  £43 
for  the  first  nine  months  of  the  year. 

At  the  Restoration  it  is  said  that  when  Mr.  Wilson 
attempted  to  preach  at  St.  Mary's  the  doors  were  locked 
against  him.  A  former  incumbent,  Nicholas  Osgoodby, 
was  restored ;  and  Elias  Pawson,  S.T.B.  (who  con- 
formed), was  appointed  "vicar,  vice  Osgoodby,  cl.,  ceded 
December  18th,  C.  II.  pat." 

He  appears  to  have  also  officiated  at  Hessle,  for  on 
November  1st,  1660,  the  Bench  at  Hull  ordered  that 
Mr.  William  Styles  (who  had  been  removed  ten  years 
before  for  refusing  the  Engagement,  and  was  now  at  the 
Parish  Church,  Leeds),  should  be  restored  to  the 
vicarage,  and  Joseph  Wilson  yield  up  possession  of  the 
same  on  December  25th  next. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  169 

In  1661  he  preached  several  times  in  the  Chapel  at 
Anlaby — which  was  partly  in  the  parishes  of  Kirk  Ella, 
Hessle  *  and  North  Ferriby  (Shaw's  Life :  Surtees 
Notes). 

After  being  silenced  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity,  he  lived 
privately  till  1672,  when  he  obtained  a  licence  as  a 
general  Presbyterian  teacher  at  Newland,  near  Hull 
(June  10th),  also  at  the  house  of  Richard  Barnes  at 
Hull  (July  25th) ;  a  new  built  Presbyterian  meeting- 
house at  Blackfriars-gate  being  also  licensed  (August 
10th).  Here  he  continued  to  preach  as  opportunity  was 
afforded  to  the  end  of  his  life. 

He  was  a  very  worthy  man,  a  bold,  rousing  preacher, 
and  very  zealous  against  ceremonies.  Once  when  he 
was  preaching  upon  the  Brazen  Serpent  being  beat  to 
powder,  cast  into  the  river  and  called  Nehushtan,  he 
said  :  "  I  must  tell  the  proudest  prelate  of  them  all  that 
if  they  bring  up  anything  into  the  worship  of  God 
without  the  authority  of  His  Word  it  is  no  better  than 
Nehushtan,  a  piece  of  dead  brass." 

A  hospital  for  poor  persons  and  a  school  at  Hessle 
were  built  by  means  of  a  legacy  left  by  him.  He  died 
suddenly  in  February,  1678. 

153.  WITTON,  Joshua,  M.A.   (1614-1674),  was  ejected  from 
the  Rectory  of  Thornhill,  near  Dewsbury. 

He  was  the  son  of  Joshua  Witton  and  Sibil,  daughter 
of  Gilbert  Drake,  of  Halifax ;  and  was  born  at  Sowerby, 
in  the  parish  of  Halifax  in  1613  or  1614.  He  was 
educated  at  Cambridge,  where  he  graduated  M.A. ;  and 
became  chaplain  to  old  Lord  Fairfax.  He  is  said  to 
have  been  godfather  to  Archbishop  Tillotson  (1630). 
On  May  27th,  1643,  he  was  appointed  by  the  Parlia- 
mentary authorities  rector  of  Thornhill  (Com.  Jour.  III., 
107,  130,  164),  where  "  Hannow  "  [i.e.  James  Hannay, 
S.T.P.,  1647]  is  said  by  Walker  to  have  been  a  sufferer. 
The  benefice  was  at  that  time  worth  £300  per  annum. 

*  This  probably  accounts  for  the  imaginary  Wilson  said  to  have  been 
ejected  from  Hessle. 


170    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

He  signed  the  "  Vindiciae  Veritatis,"  or  West  Riding 
Ministers'  Attestation,  in  1648  ;  and  was  described  in 
the  Parliamentary  Survey  as  "  a  godly,  painful, 
preaching  minister."  He  was  appointed  by  Lord 
Fairfax  one  of  the  Commissioners  for  settling  the 
affairs  of  the  Isle  of  Man ;  the  others  being  James 
Challoner,  M.P.,  and  Robert  Dyneley,  Esq.,  of 
Bramhope. 

After  the  death  of  his  father,  his  widowed  mother 
married  Francis  Priestley,  of  Sowerby,  of  whom  the 
following  story  is  told :  Priestley  and  Witton  had  a 
discussion  respecting  tithes ;  the  former  held  that  it 
was  more  agreeable  to  the  state  of  the  Church  under  the 
Gospel  for  ministers  to  be  maintained  by  the  contribu- 
tions and  benevolence  of  the  people  than  by  tithes; 
while  Witton,  having  a  good  parsonage,  argued  with 
all  his  strength  to  the  contrary,  but  was  so  pinched  that 
he  threw  his  hat  upon  the  table  and  said :  "  I  profess, 
father,  I  had  rather  thresh  a  whole  day  than  maintain 
an  argument  with  you  an  hour  "  (Yorks.  Diar.,  Surtees 
Soc.  lxxvii.). 

The  Register  of  Thornhill  (which  commences  in  1645) 
contains  entries  of  the  baptism  of  several  of  his  children  ; 
also  of  the  burial  of  his  wife  Elizabeth  (Thornton),  June 
25th,  1656 ;  and  the  following  entry,  "  November  8, 
1662,  Dr.  William  Lacy  inducted  into  the  rectory  of 
Thornhill"  and  (in  another  handwriting)  "Joshua 
Witton  overhawld." 

When  he  heard  that  the  Act  of  Uniformity  was 
passed,  he  and  two  other  ministers  hoped  that  they 
should  have  been  able  to  comply  with  the  terms  of  it 
so  as  to  keep  their  livings,  and  therefore  rode  to  York 
"  with  their  cloak  bags  full  of  distinctions  "  ;  but,  having 
read  the  Act,  though  they  were  all  men  of  Catholic 
principles  as  well  as  prudence  and  learning,  they 
returned  with  a  resolution  to  quit  all  their  places  rather 
than  comply. 

He  did  not  continue  the  exercise  of  his  ministry,  and 
afterwards   removed    to   York ;    where   he   finished   his 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  IN   YORKSHIRE.  171 

course,  being  found  dead  in  his  bed,  June  1st,  1674,  and 
was  buried  at  All  Saints,  North  Street,  York,  where  a 
tablet  bears  the  following  inscription  (in  Latin)  : 
"  Here  rests  Joshua  Witton ;  who,  cultured  with  piety 
and  industry,  unusually  learned  in  the  knowledge  of 
sacred  letters,  conducted  himself  with  liberality  and 
constant  beneficence  to  the  needy,  with  innocent  cheer- 
fulness of  fair  manners  to  all — at  the  age  of  sixty, 
departed  from  this  life  to  a  better,  on  the  first  day  of 
June,  A.D.,  1674." 

He  was  one  of  the  almoners  of  the  legacy  left  by 
Lord  Fairfax  to  poor  ministers  (1667).*  Being  blessed 
with  a  plentiful  estate,  and  having  a  large  acquaintance 
and  great  influence,  he  was  an  excellent  friend  to  his 
poor  brethren,  to  whom  he  was  purse  bearer  and  the 
distributor  of  the  contributions  made  for  them.  "  He 
was  a  witty  man,  and  good  scholar,  an  able  and 
judicious  preacher,  a  man  of  an  excellent  temper,  of 
great  integrity  and  unusual  sagacity." 

He  left  behind  him  a  son,  Richard  Witton,  a  barrister 
and  agent  of  Lord  Fairfax;  whose  son  Richard  pur- 
chased Lupset  Hall,  near  Wakefield,  formerly  the 
seat  of  Sir  John  Savile.  The  present  Hall  was  built 
by  Richard  Witton  and  purchased  by  James  Milnes,  of 
Thornes  House,  as  a  residence  for  Daniel  Gaskell. 

x54'  WOOD,  Ralph  (1625-1697),  was  ejected  from  the 
Chapelry  of  Saddleworth,  in  the  parish  of  Rochdale 
(but  in  the  West  Riding). 

He  was  the  first  minister  of  the  Chapel  built  at 
Stannington,  near  Shelfield,  from  1652  to  1655,  when  he 
removed  to  Saddle  worth.  He  was  for  a  time  wonder- 
fully peremptory  against  conformity ;  but  afterwards 
himself  conformed  and  obtained  the  curacy  of  Ripponden, 
in  the  parish  of  Halifax,  where  he  died    February  6th, 


*By  his  will  (1667),  Lord  Fairfax  left  £100  for  the  benefit  of  twenty 
poor  ministers  to  be  nominated  by  Mr.  Thomas  Calvert  and  Mr.  Joshua 
Witton,  Mr.  Richard  Stretton,  of  Nunappleton,  and  Mr.  John  Gunter, 
of  Healaugh  (Drake,  p.  226). 


172     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

1696-7,  aged  72.  Heywood  has  several  references  to 
him.  Palmer  intimates  that  his  later  life  was 
discreditable. 

155-  WOOD,  Timothy   (1617-1680),   was   ejected  from   the 
Vicarage  of  Sandal  Magna,  near  Wakefield. 

He  succeeded  Joseph  Stocks,  whom  Walker  mentions 
as  a  sufferer  here;  and  was  "a  painfull  minister" 
(Pari.  Sur.).  He  had  an  augmentation  granted  out 
of  another  part  of  the  rectory  belonging  to  Mrs. 
Bridget  Waterton,  a  papist  and  a  delinquent.  He 
was  one  of  three  in  these  parts  who  "  could  not  imagine 
the  Act  of  Uniformity  had  been  so  high  but  that  it 
might  have  been  possible.  But  upon  search  they  found 
the  ford  too  deep ;  they  could  neither  wade  it  nor  swim 
it,  and  therefore  they  kept  themselves  safe,  on  this  side, 
with  their  brethren."  Upon  his  ejection  he  lived 
sometimes  at  Sandal ;  then  he  removed  into  Leicester- 
shire, where  he  often  preached  in  public  churches,  and 
died  at  Belgrave,  near  Leicester,  in  1680,  aged  63. 
He  was  a  universal  scholar,  of  a  ready  wit  and  voluble 
tongue,  a  diligent  student  and  of  a  tenacious  memory, 
an  excellent  preacher  and  of  a  peaceable  spirit.  He 
was  as  far  from  plotting  as  any  man,  but  through 
misrepresentation  he  was  imprisoned  in  York  Castle. 
He  had  framed  a  Commonplace  Book  on  all  the  heads 
of  divinity,  containing  the  quintessence  of  the  choice 
authors  he  had  read;  but  he  printed  nothing. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.      173 


II. 

MINISTERS  EJECTED  OR  SILENCED 

ELSEWHERE  WHO  AFTERWARDS  LABOURED 

OR   RESIDED    IN   YORKSHIRE. 

1.  ASTLEY,  Richard  (1640-1695),  was  ejected  at  Blackrode, 
near  Horwich,  Lancashire ;  and  afterwards  minister  of 
a  Congregational  Church  in  Hull.  [Calamy  and 
Hunter  call  him  Ashley.] 

He  was  born  at  Manchester;  educated  at  Cambridge; 
and  minister  at  Blackrode  when  the  Act  of  Uniformity 
came  into  operation. 

In  1669  he  became  pastor  of  a  Congregational  Church 
at  Hull,  which  had  been  constituted  in  1643 ;  and  the 
pastor  of  which,  Robert  Luddington,  died  in  1663.*  The 
number  of  its  members  was  fifty-five  (July  10th,  1669).  In 
1671  a  certificate  of  the  ordination  of  Thomas  Kaye,  as 
pastor  of  the  Congregational  Church  at  Walmsley,  near 
Bolton,  was  signed  by  "Thomas  Jollie,  of  Wymond- 
houses,  pastor  of  the  church  which  formerly  met  at  Altham, 
Lanes.,"  and  Richard  Astley,  "  pastor  of  the  church  in 
and  about  Kingston-upon-Hull."  The  following  year  he 
had  licence  as  an  Independent  for  a  meeting  in  the  house 
of  John  Robinson,  at  Hull  (May  15th,  1672),  who  was  a 
ruling  elder  of  the  church.  Calamy  says  :  "  He  was  a 
very  moderate,  pious  man,  of  a  winning  disposition  and 
behaviour,  generally  beloved  and  honoured  by  those  who 
knew  him.  He  was  a  very  edifying,  practical  preacher, 
and  God  made  his  labours  in  the  congregation  at  Hull 
very  successful  for  the  conversion  of  many  souls.  Mr. 
Canne,  his    predecessor    in    that    place,    had    leavened 

*  Luddington  is  sometimes  wrongly  counted  among  the  ejected 
ministers. 


174     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

many  of  his  people  with  his  principles  ;  but  such  was  the 
prudence  and  temper  of  Mr.  Astley  that  he  reduced  them 
from  extravagances,  brought  them  off  from  their  rigid 
opinions,  composed  their  differences,  and  settled  and  kept 
them  in  peace  as  long  as  he  lived."  John  Canne,  the 
eminent  and  rigid  Separatist,  was  not,  however,  Mr. 
Astley's  predecessor ;  but  was  chaplain  to  the  garrison 
from  165 1  to  1657,  when  he  was  removed  from  his  place 
on  account  of  his  Fifth  Monarchy  opinions,  and  does  not 
appear  to  have  again  preached  at  Hull ;  but  some  of  his 
hearers  were  probably  connected  with  the  church  of 
which  Mr.  Astley  became  pastor.  In  1679  ^n  Astley 
united  with  Thomas  Jolly,  Thomas  Whitaker,  of  Leeds, 
and  Josiah  Holdsworth,  of  Heckmondwike,  all  professed 
Independents,  in  conference  with  Oliver  Heywood  and 
others  to  compose  differences  between  Richard  White- 
hurst,  minister  of  the  church  in  Bradford-dale,  and  some 
of  his  congregation  (August  6th). 

When  the  Earl  of  Plymouth  became  Governor  of  Hull 
(1682),  and  sought  to  suppress  nonconformist  meetings, 
Mr.  Astley,  being  warned,  narrowly  escaped  apprehen- 
sion ;  whilst  Mr.  Charles,  the  Presbyterian  minister,  was 
arrested  and  committed  to  prison.  Thoresby  heard  him 
preach  at  Hull,  October  nth,  1691.  During  the  seventeen 
years  he  was  pastor  there  he  received  232  persons  into 
church-fellowship.  In  the  winter  of  1695  he  declined  in 
health,  and  continued  wasting  until  April  4th,  when  he 
finished  his  earthly  course,  and  his  remains  were 
interred  at  Drypool. 

In  his  long  weakness  his  patience  and  resignation  were 
remarkable.  He  was  very  laborious  in  his  ministerial 
work,  and  shunned  no  opportunity  of  winning  souls  to 
Christ.  He  would  frequently  mix  what  tended  to  edifica- 
tion with  his  common  discourse,  which  usually  consisted 
of  what  was  pleasant  and  what  was  profitable.  His  people 
were  very  dear  to  him,  and  his  longing  after  their  salva- 
tion earnest  and  pressing.  His  anxieties  on  their  behalf 
had  no  small  influence  on  the  wearing  away  both  of  his 
body  and  the  vigour  of  his  mind.    He  was  a  man  "  mighty 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  OR   SILENCED  ELSEWHERE.      175 

in  the  Scriptures,"  to  which  the  natural  strength  of  his 
memory,  confirmed  by  daily  exercise,  did  very  effectively 
contribute.  His  preaching  was  scriptural  and  experi- 
mental, and  very  much  suited  to  the  comforting  of  the 
afflicted  and  raising  the  dejected,  as  Mr.  Charles  was  to 
the  awakening  of  the  secure  ;  so  that  in  these  two  Hull 
had  a  Barnabas  and  a  Boanerges  alternately  labouring 
among  them  to  promote  their  eternal  welfare.  Dagger 
Lane  Chapel,  Hull,  was  built  for  Mr.  Astley's  successor, 
Jeremiah  Gill,  in  1698.  It  still  exists,  but  is  turned  to 
secular  uses ;  its  endowment  being  transferred  to  the 
Presbyterian  church.  A  secession  in  1768  built  a  chapel 
in  Blanket  Row,  subsequently  removed  to  Fish  Street, 
and  now  represented  by  the  Memorial  Church,  Princes 
Avenue. 

2.  ASPINWALL,  William,  B.A.,  ejected  from  the  Vicarage 
of  Mattersey,  Notts.  ;  and  afterwards  resident  at 
Thumscoe,  near  Darfield. 

He  was  educated  at  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge; 
B.A.,  1655  ;  ordained  at  St.  Marie's,  Nottingham,  being 
preacher  of  the  Word  at  Maghull,  Lanes.,  and  at 
Mattersey.  He  married  here  the  widow  of  one  of  his 
parishioners,  Gamaliel  Lloyd,  and  "being  connected 
with  the  Nevilles  of  that  place  he  was  also  connected 
with  the  family  of  Rodes,  of  Great  Houghton,  in  the 
parish  of  Darfield  "  (Hunter), 

After  his  ejection  in  1662  he  took  a  farm  at  Thurnscoe, 
where  he  continued  some  years;  Jonathan  Grant  and 
Mark  Tricket,  ejected  ministers,  residing  in  the  same 
place.  In  1667  Oliver  Heywopd  preached  with  him  at 
the  house  of  Mr.  Strangeways,  in  Lancashire;  he  had 
licence  as  a  Presbyterian  to  preach  in  the  house  of 
Richard  Burchell,  at  Winwick,  April  27th,  1672 ;  and 
died  at  an  advanced  age  in  Lancashire.  He  was  never 
minister  at  Cockermouth,  as  supposed  by  Palmer  ;  but 
John  Atkinson,  minister  of  Cockermouth  (1701-32),  wrote 
of  him  as  follows  :  "  I  sat  under  his  ministry  [at  Winwick] 
and   had   frequent   advantage   for   conversing   with  him 


176     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

freely.  He  removed  to  us  from  a  dissenting  congregation 
in  the  bottom  of  Lancashire.  He  was  an  eminent 
preacher  and  an  excellent  expositor ;  and  his  death 
was  greatly  lamented.  He  was  dearly  beloved  of 
his  people,  both  for  his  affectionate  ministering  among 
them  and  his  abundantly  obliging  behaviour,  for  he 
was  courteous  and  communicative  to  all."  He  was  the 
author  of  "  A  Discourse  of  the  Principal  Points  touching 
Baptism,"  1659. 

3.  BAXTER,  Nathaniel,  M.A.  (1634-1697),  resided  and 
preached  at  Sheffield,  after  his  ejection  from  the 
Vicarage  of  St.  Michael's-upon-Wyre,  Lancashire. 

He  was  born  at  Astle,  near  Chelford,  Cheshire ; 
educated  at  Jesus  College,  Cambridge;  admitted  1653, 
M.A.  1660.  On  leaving  the  University  he  lived  for  some 
time  with  Henry  Newcome,  M.A.,  minister  of  the 
Collegiate  Church,  Manchester,  that  he  might  be  further 
fitted  for  the  work  of  the  ministry,  and  occasionally 
preached  for  Mr.  Angier,  of  Denton  ;  and  through  the 
instrumentality  of  Isaac  Ambrose,  of  Garstang,  he  was 
settled  at  St.  Michael-le-Wyres. 

After  his  ejectment  he  became  chaplain  to  Sir  William 
Middleton,  of  Aldwark  Hall,  Ecclesfield,  near  Sheffield.* 
While  here  he  was  invited  by  Mr.  Pegg,  the  proprietor 
of  Beauchief  Abbey,  in  Derbyshire,  to  preach  in  the  un- 
occupied chapel  there ;  and  this  he  did  without  molesta- 
tion for  seventeen  years,  being  allowed  by  Mr.  Pegg,  so 
long  as  that  gentleman  lived,  sixteen  pounds  per  annum 
for  his  services.  With  his  wife's  fortune  he  purchased  a 
small  estate  in  the  neighbourhood  and  resided  there. 
At  length,  for  the  sake  of  the  education  of  his  children, 
he  removed  to  Sheffield,  three  miles  from  the  Abbey, 
whilst  still  continuing  to  preach  there  every  Lord's  day. 

*  Sir  William  Middleton  was  presented  (1666)  at  the  Archdeacon's 
visitation  for  not  coming  to  the  parish  church ;  he  afterwards  lived  at 
Belsay  Castle,  Northumberland,  where  his  chaplain  was  James  Calvert, 
ejected  from  Topcliffe,  near  Thirsk.  His  son,  Sir  John,  married  Frances 
Lambert,  of  Calton  Hall  (grand-daughter  of  Major-General  Lambert). 


MINISTERS   EJECTED   OR  SILENCED  ELSEWHERE.      177 

On  the  death  of  Mr.  Pegg  in  1682,  his  son,  Mr.  Strelly 
Pegg,  alarmed  at  the  penalties  with  which  he  was  now 
threatened  for  encouraging  nonconformity  on  his  estate, 
requested  Mr.  Baxter  to  desist  from  preaching.  When 
James  II.  issued  his  Declaration  of  Liberty  in  1687,  the 
young  squire  invited  his  father's  chaplain  to  return  and 
offered  him  £ 30  a  year  for  his  pains.  But  he  declined 
to  do  so,  saying  that  he  could  now  exercise  his  ministry 
without  reading  the  Common  Prayer  as  he  had  previously 
done.  The  young  gentleman  offered  to  provide  him  with 
a  reader ;  and  although  Mr.  Baxter  did  not  feel  free  to 
fall  in  with  this  arrangement  he  retained  the  esteem  of 
Mr.  Pegg,  who  left  him  a  handsome  legacy  on  account  of 
"his  pious  and  charitable  service  at  Beauchief  Abbey." 

Mr.  Baxter  did  not  afterwards  undertake  the  pastorate 
of  a  congregation,  but  often  preached  either  at  some 
neighbouring  meeting-house  or  at  some  private  house,  as 
Major  Taylor's,  at  Wallingwells,  or  Mr.  Rich's,  at  Bull 
House,  Penistone.  On  April  10th,  1684,  he  and  Oliver 
Heywood  spent  a  day  of  solemn  fasting  and  prayer  at 
Mrs.  Rich's.  After  the  decease  of  Mr.  Bloom,  in  1686, 
he  regularly  preached  for  some  years  at  Attercliffe; 
and  died  in  September,  1697,  aged  65.  "  In  the  Journal 
of  my  ancestor,  William  Bagshaw,  generally  designated 
the  Apostle  of  the  Peak,  on  16  September,  1697,  he 
says  that  he  was  told  of  the  death  of  the  Rev.  Nathaniel 
Baxter,  of  Attercliffe ;  adding,  'Tis  near  forty  years  since 
I  heard  him  preach  at  Manchester  ;  I  remember  his 
applying  to  Christ  that  passage  of  Jonah  cast  into  the 
sea.  He  was  employed  near  Ambrose,  of  Garstang, 
who,  as  I  heard,  drew  him  to  his  length  (or  shortness) 
in  the  use  of  the  Liturgy.  They  were  both  turned 
out."  (J.  E.  Bailey's  Papers :  Manchester  Classis,  iii. 
413,  Cheetham  Society.) 

He  was  a  true  Nathaniel.  His  sense  of  religion  was 
early,  and  became  habitual,  lively  and  persevering.  He 
was  both  personally  and  relatively  good  and  virtuous. 
His  pulpit  gifts  and  performances  were  very  acceptable ; 
he  was  fervent  in  prayer  and  affectionate  in  preaching. 


178     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY, 

He  had  five  sons,  four  of  whom  he  brought  up  for  the 
ministry.  Samuel,  the  eldest,  educated  by  Frankland, 
was  a  nonconformist  minister  at  Ipswich,  Suffolk,  and 
died  July  19th,  1740,  aged  70 :  Nathaniel  died  early ;  he 
lived  to  go  through  his  studies  and  compose  a  sermon, 
which  he  never  preached :  Thomas  was  assistant  to  Dr. 
Col  ton  at  York  :  and  Benjamin,  minister  at  Nottingham. 

4.  BENDLOWS,  Thomas,  M.A.  (         -1707),  resided  near 

Ripon,   after  his   ejectment   at   Mitford,  Northumber- 
land. 

He  was  probably  born  at  Sutton  Holgrave,  near 
Ripon  ;  his  father  and  grandfather  being  of  the  same 
name  and  place.  He  graduated  B.A.  from  Sidney 
Sussex  College,  Cambridge  :  and  was  incorporated  M.A. 
nth  July,  1654. 

After  his  ejectment  he  became  a  Barrister-at-law,  and 
was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace.  He  was  court  keeper  under 
Philip,  Lord  Wharton,  and  one  of  the  original  trustees 
of  his  Bible  Charity,  being  described  in  the  deed  as  "  of 
Howgrave,  Yorkshire,  Esquire  "  (1692).  Howgrave  is  a 
small  village  between  Ripon  and  Boroughbridge.  "  Mr. 
Benlows,  the  lawyer,  near  Boroughbridge,  died  February 
23rd,  1706-7  "  (North.  Reg.). 

A  certificate  was  signed  on  a  presentation  ot 
Christopher  Hutchinson  to  be  lecturer  at  Pocklington, 
February  23rd,  1659,  by  "  Thomas  Benlowe's  of  Scruton" 
(?)  Sutton,  near  Ripon. 

"  1647,  June  1st,  Thomas  Bendlowes,  son  and  heir  of 
Thomas  Bendlowes,  of  Sutton  Holgrave,  co.  York,  gent. 

1669,  April  27th,  Thomas  Bendlowes,  son  and  heir  of 
Thomas  Bendlowes,  of  Sutton  Hograve,  co.  York,  Esq." 
(Foster's  Gray's  Inn  Admissions). 

5.  BRISCOE,  Michael  (1619-1685),  often  preached  in  York- 

shire, both  before  and  after  his  ejection  at  Walmsley, 
Lancashire. 

He  was  educated  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin  ;  was  at 
one   time  chaplain  to   Cromwell's    regiment   of  foot  in 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.      179 

Scotland    (Parliamentary   Note   Book  I.,  96,  Cheetham 
Society) ;  and  settled  at  Walmsley  chapel  in  the  parish 
of  Turton,  near  Bolton,  in  1649.     Being  an  Independent 
his    appointment    was   not   acceptable    to    the    Presby- 
terian classes  which  had   been  set   up   in    Lancashire; 
and  they  proceeded  to   deal  with    him    in  a  very  high- 
handed way,  pressing   for   a    Justice's  warrant   against 
him,  and  finally  in  June,  1649,  inhibiting  him  "  till  he 
appear  and  give  satisfaction."     On   August   2nd  it  was 
ordered   by  the  House    of    Commons   that  his  case  be 
referred    to    the    Committee    for    Plundered    Ministers 
(Journals  VI.,  273) ;  which  probably  prevented  further 
interference.     He   was    appointed    by    that    committee 
June    5th,  1650,  to  preach  a  weekly  lecture  at  Bolton, 
with  an  allowance  of  £50  per  annum,  and  on  February 
14th,  1651,  to  perform  a  similar  service  at  Blackburn  ; 
but   he   declined    to    go    to    Liverpool    because   of  his 
engagement  at  Walmsley.     He  is  mentioned  by  Joseph 
Lister  in  his  autobiography  as  about  this  time  preaching 
on  an    Exercise   day  at   the   parish  church  at  Halifax. 
The  subject  of  his  sermon  was  "  The  Day  of  Visitation," 
and  his  words,  says  Lister,  fell  upon  me  like  a  thunder- 
bolt.    On   the    5th   of   December,  1652,    in   reply  to   a 
communication  received  from  the  Congregational  church 
at  Altham,  of  which  Thomas  Jolly  was  pastor,  seeking 
"  the  right  hand   of  fellowship"  with   a   sister  church, 
Mr.  Briscoe  wrote  on  behalf  of  the  church  at  Walms- 
ley,  stating    that    before    they    could    give  a   decisive 
answer  they  u  would  premise  a  few  things,"  viz. : 

1.  That  they  could  not  judge  it  according  to  rule  for  a  pastor 
to  accept  a  call  to  be  pastor  from  any  other  than  the  Church  whom 
he  is  to  be  over  ;  every  voluntary  relation  being  founded  in  the 
mutual  consent  of  parties  related. 

2.  We  also  cannot  judge  it  according  to  a  right  rule  for  any 
number  of  persons  to  join  themselves  together  and  enter  into 
church  relation  without  calling  in  the  assistance  and  desiring  the 
presence  of  neighbouring  churches;  that  no  one  may  have  reason 
to  upbraid  them  but  to  witness  of  the  truth. 

3.  They  also  wanted  a  third  thing,  viz.,  a  confession  of  their 
faith,  judging  that  every  particular  society  should  be   founded  in 


180     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

such  a  confession  as  is  Scriptural,  because  heresies  abound.     (Note 
Book  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Jolly,  Chetham  Society,  1894,  P-  I25)- 

These  matters  were  satisfactorily  arranged ;  and  the 
two  churches,  which  were,  with  that  at  Manchester,  the 
most  definitely  Congregational  in  the  county,  continued 
in  very  friendly  relations  (Note  Book,  p.  127).  Just 
before  the  Act  of  Uniformity  came  into  operation  we 
find  Mr.  Briscoe  meeting  at  Sowerby  (July  5th,  1662) 
with  several  Independent  ministers  and  others,  doubtless 
for  consultation  on  the  course  which  they  should 
pursue.  The  ministers  were  Mr.  Christopher  Marshall, 
of  Woodchurch,  Mr.  Smallwood,  of  Idle,  Mr.  Jolly,  Mr. 
Christopher  Marsden,  of  East  Ardsley,  Mr.  Samuel 
Eaton,  of  Dukinfield,  and  Mr.  Henry  Roote,  of  Sowerby. 
"All  Phanatique  ministers."  Information  of  the  meeting 
was  given  to  the  King's  secretary,  and  a  commission  was 
appointed  to  examine  the  matter  ;  but  no  serious  results 
followed. 

After  his  ejection  Mr.  Briscoe  went  to  reside  at 
Toxteth  Park,  Liverpool,  where  licences  were  granted  to 
him  and  Thomas  Crompton  (1672,  May  8th)  for  a 
meeting  house,  at  which  they  preached  on  alternate 
Sundays.  Adam  Martindale  refers  to  him  as  his  "  fellow 
prisoner"  (Diar. p.  236),  and  as  "thoroughly  Congrega- 
tional." He  died  September  4th,  1685,  aged  66.  "  In  the 
4th  of  the  7th  m,,"  says  Jolly,  "my  worthy  dear 
brother  (in  the  ministry),  Mr.  Michael  Briscoe,  departed 
out  of  this  life ;  it  was  a  heavy  blow  and  a  sad  breach, 
not  only  upon  me  but  upon  all  these  parts  and  on  all 
the  church  of  God,  especially  at  this  time,  his  abilities 
and  interests  being  so  considerable."  He  was  a  good 
scholar  and  a  fine  orator ;  his  sermons  were  judicious, 
but  his  voice  was  low,  which  was  more  than  compen- 
sated for  by  his  pleasing  delivery.  He  had  a  son 
William,  born  at  Tarporly,  Cheshire,  admitted  to  St. 
John's  College,  Cambridge,  in  1701. 

6.  CHARLES,  Samuel,  M.A.  (1633-1693),  was  ejected  from 
the  Vicarage  of  Mickleover,  Derbyshire,  and  was  after- 
wards minister  at  Hull, 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  OR  SILENCED  ELSEWHERE.     181 

He  was  born  at  Chesterfield,  September  6th,  1633 ; 
educated  at  Corpus  Christi  College,  Cambridge ;  ordained 
at  Kniveton,  August  22nd,  1655 ;  afterwards  resided  in 
the  family  of  Sir  John  Gell  at  Hopton;  and  was  pre- 
sented by  Sir  John  Curzon  to  Mickleover,  where  his 
ministrations  were  affectionate,  judicious  and  successful. 
These  he  continued  till  his  ejection  by  the  Act  of 
Uniformity. 

He  viewed  conformity  in  such  a  light  that  he  could 
not  yield  to  it  without  doing  such  violence  to  his 
conscience  as  to  express  his  persuasion  that  if  he  had 
conformed  he  could  not  have  been  saved ;  and  he 
observed  the  day  of  his  ejection  from  his  living  as  a 
Fast  all  his  life  after. 

He  remarked :  "It  was  said  of  Abraham  that  he 
went  out  not  knowing  he  went ;  I  am  sure  I  went  out 
not  knowing  whither  I  should  go." 

He  preached  for  some  time  at  Belper,  whence  after 
the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  in  1672  he  removed  to 
Hull.  Here  a  congregation  had  grown  out  of  the 
labours  of  John  Shawe,  M.A.,  ejected  from  Holy  Trinity 
church,  and  had  licence  for  "  a  new  built  meeting 
house  in  Blackfriars  by  Presbyterians,"  August 
10th,  1672.  Joseph  Wilson,  ejected  from  Beverley,  had 
also  a  licence  as  a  general  Presbyterian  teacher  at 
Newland,  near  Hull,  June  10th,  and  in  the  house  of 
Richard  Barnes  (July  25th).  Mr.  Charles  lived  at 
Mytton-gate.  When  the  Earl  of  Plymouth  was  ap- 
pointed governor  of  Hull  and  came  to  the  town  in  1682 
he  sent  for  the  Mayor  and  Aldermen  and  urged  them 
with  great  vehemence  to  suppress  the  meetings  of 
Dissenters,  threatening  them  with  the  loss  of  their 
charter  if  they  did  not.  Mr.  Charles  and  Mr.  Astley, 
the  Independent  minister,  were  immediately  sent  for. 
The  latter  escaped,  having  been  warned  ;  but  Mr.  Charles 
was  apprehended  and  brought  before  them.  He  de- 
fended himself  in  a  spirited  but  somewhat  exasperating 
address  (February  2nd,  1682),  which  is  printed  in 
Calamy;  and  was  committed  to  prison  for  six  months. 


182     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

After   he   was    set   at   liberty    he    continued   labouring 
among  his  people  to  the  end  of  his  life. 

He  was  an  excellent  scholar,  well  skilled  in  the 
Oriental  languages,  and  a  great  historian  ;  an  accurate, 
lively  and  successful  preacher ;  a  prudent  economist ; 
of  a  warm  and  courageous  temper ;  and  a  zealous 
reprover  of  reigning  vices.  He  enjoyed  firm  health  till 
overtaken  by  the  students'  diseases,  the  stone  and 
stranguary  ;  which  he  bore  with  invincible  patience,  and 
of  which  he  died  December  23rd,  1693,  "  with  great 
peace  and  comfort,  yea  with  assurance  and  triumph." 

7.  COATES,  Samuel,  M.  A.  (1617-1684),  was  born  at  Rawdon, 
in  the  parish  of  Guiseley,  near  Leeds;  ejected  from 
the  Rectory  of  Bridgford  near  Nottingham;  and 
afterwards  resided  at  Rawdon. 

He  was  brought  up  by  his  uncle,  Mr.  Coates,  at  Not- 
tingham ;  educated  at  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge, 
B.A.  1637,  M.A.  1641 ;  and  married  a  daughter  of  Mr, 
Vincent,  of  Bainborough  Grange. 

After  his  ejection  he  removed  to  Wath-upon-Dearne, 
where  he  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian  teacher  at  his 
own  house  (June  15th,  1672),  and  whence  he  removed  to 
Rawdon,  where  he  had  a  good  estate,  in  1679.  His 
wife  died  here,  "  had  been  long  melancholy  in  a  palsey ; 
buried  at  Guiseley,  March  20th,  1683  "  (North.  Reg.). 
He  was  often  visited  by  Heywood  both  at  Wath  and 
Rawdon,  and  preached  occasionally  at  various  places. 
Having  gone  on  a  visit  to  his  son-in-law,  Mr.  Bagshaw, 
in  Derbyshire,  he  fell  into  a  palsy  on  Lord's  day,  May 
nth,  1684,  and  died  soon  afterwards,  aged  67. 

He  was  a  profound  scholar,  a  solid  judicious  divine, 
who  preached  substantial  sermons,  but  had  an  un- 
pleasant stammering  in  his  delivery.  He  was  a  pious 
man  and  full  of  tenderness  to  a  melancholy  wife.  His 
name  was  precious  in  the  neighbourhood  for  his  labours, 
piety  and  charity. 

He  had  a  son  at  Katharine  Hall,  Cambridge,  who 
gave    Heywood,    February    26th,    1679,    a    lamentable 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.      183 

account  of  his  tutor,  Mr.  Echard  (Diar.  II.  258).  Samuel 
Coates  was  ordained  at  Mansfield,  Notts.,  September 
28th,  1681  (II.  202). 

8.  COOKE,  Robert,  was  ejected  at  Mony  Ash,  Derbyshire, 

and  preached  at  Bvodsworth,  near  Doncaster. 

On  his  ejection  he  came  to  reside  at  Brodsworth, 
where  he  had  licence  for  a  Presbyterian  meeting  in  the 
house  of  Elizabeth  Wentworth  (June  10th,  1692).  At 
the  Doncaster  Sessions,  1690,  Brodsworth  Hall  was 
recorded,  on  his  petition,  as  a  meeting-place  for 
Protestant  Dissenters  (Diar.,  Wentworth ;  Yorks. 
Diar.,  Surtees  Soc,  p.  5). 

9.  CRESWICK,   James,   B.D.    (1617-1692),   was   born    at 

Sheffield,  and,  after  his  ejection  from  the  Rectory  of 
Freshwater,  Hants.,  resided  at  Beaghall,  near 
Pontefract. 

He  was  educated  at  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  of 
which  he  was  Fellow.  He  is  mentioned  as  tutor  in  1644 
and  1653 ;  and  was  presented  by  his  College  to  the 
living  of  Freshwater,  vacant  by  the  death  of  Cardell 
Goodman. 

After  his  ejection  in  1662  he  continued  to  preach  in 
the  Parish  Church,  conceiving  himself  justified  in  doing 
so,  as  he  was  yet  Fellow  of  St.  John's,  which  gave  him 
the  privilege  of  preaching  in  any  church  or  chapel ;  but 
the  doors  were  shut  against  him.  He  suffered  less  than 
many  of  his  brethren,  for  he  had  a  good  fortune,  and  with 
part  of  it  he  purchased  the  Manor  of  Beaghall  or 
Beal-hall,  in  the  Parish  of  Kellington,  about  six  miles 
from  Pontefract,  an  estate  worth  £300  a  year.  Here  he 
was  accustomed  to  preach  privately  to  "a  poor  and 
ignorant  people."  He  was  a  man  of  great  abilities,  well 
skilled  in  the  learned  languages,  though  his  eyes  were 
sometimes  so  affected  as  to  make  him  incapable  of  using 
notes.  He  was  a  man  of  great  piety  and  of  very 
exemplary  patience  under  the  tormenting  pains  of  the 


1 84     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

stone.  His  daughter  was  married  to  Mr.  John  Farrar, 
of  the  Wood,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax.  He  died  in 
January,  1692  (buried  January  20th),  aged  75.  A 
posthumous  tract  by  him,  entitled,  "  Advice  to  an  Only 
Son,"  was  printed  by  Oliver  Heywood.  He  also 
prepared  for  the  press  another  tract  concerning  "  Man's 
Fall,  and  his  Recovery  by  Christ." 

10.  DURANT,    Robert    (1607-1678),  was  ejected  from  the 
Vicarage  of  Crowle,  in  Lincolnshire,  and  preached  in 

Sheffield. 

He  was  third  son  of  Mr.  Durant,  of  an  ancient  family, 
and  an  eminent  minister  in  London.  He  was  of  good 
parts  and  had  a  liberal  education ;  the  learned  languages, 
as  also  the  French,  were  very  familiar  to  him  ;  in  his 
younger  days  he  travelled  much,  and  visited  many  of 
the  West  Indian  Islands. 

After  his  ejection  at  Crowle  he  retained  for  the  people 
among  whom  he  had  laboured  a  very  tender  affection  to 
his  dying  day.  He  removed  to  Redness,  where  he  buried 
his  only  son,  and  preached  in  private  till  1664;  when 
being  on  a  journey  with  Mr.  John  Ryther,  another 
ejected  minister,  they  were  both  seized  on  the  road  and 
sent  to  York  Castle,  but  nothing  could  be  laid  to  their 
charge  and  they  were  soon  released.  While  in  the 
Castle  he  became  acquainted  with  Mr.  Thomas 
Woolhouse,  of  Glapwell,  in  Derbyshire,  a  great  supporter 
of  godly  ministers,  and  then  also  a  prisoner  for  conscience 
sake;  who,  upon  the  death  of  James  Fisher  (1667), 
minister  at  Sheffield,  recommended  him  to  the  congre- 
gation, to  which,  after  sufficient  trial,  he  received  an 
invitation  in  1669.  His  first  sermon,  preparatory  to  the 
administration  of  the  Lord's  Supper,  was  preached 
November  17th,  1669.  He  had  licence  to  preach  in  the 
house  of  Fisher  as  a  Congregationalist  (1672).  When 
times  were  more  favourable  the  congregation  increased, 
and  erected  a  more  convenient  place  of  worship. 

Mr.  Durant's  behaviour  was  always  that  of  a  gentle- 
man, and  few  excelled  him  in  the  sweetness  of  humility 


MINISTERS   EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.      185 

and  courteousness.  His  style  was  scriptural  and  plain, 
and  his  delivery  clear  and  affectionate.  "  He  was 
fervent  in  prayer,  unusually  large  in  confession,  and 
particular  in  thanksgiving.  It  was  his  common  method 
on  the  Lord's  day  to  spend  the  morning  in  expounding 
the  Scriptures,  wherein  he  discovered  great  skill,  in  the 
afternoon  he  preached  on  the  doctrines  of  the  Christian 
religion,  and  once  every  month  he  and  his  congregation 
kept  a  fast.  In  his  visits  he  endeavoured  by  apt 
questions  to  discover  how  far  his  hearers  profited  under 
his  ministry,  and  he  often  took  leave  with  prayer.  His 
self-denial  and  mortification  of  sin  were  visible  to  his 
nearest  acquaintance ;  his  meekness  and  patience  to  all. 
His  circumspection  was  such  that  envy  itself  could  not 
charge  him  with  anything  blameworthy.  He  could  never 
endure  railing  or  backbiting,  but  exhorted  all  to  love, 
Christian  charity,  and  forbearance.  He  had  an  un- 
common ability  in  writing  agreeable  letters  full  of  a 
Christian  spirit,  many  of  which  were  long  treasured 
up." 

In  January,  1678,  he  administered  the  Lord's  Supper 
for  the  last  time,  when  he  concluded  his  exhortation  with 
these  words,  "  I  tell  you  this,  and  remember  it  when  I 
am  dead  and  gone,  the  better  any  man  is  the  more 
humble  he  is,  the  better  he  will  think  of  others,  and  the 
lower  thoughts  he  will  have  of  himself."  A  little  before 
his  death,  taking  leave  of  a  friend,  he  quoted  Ps.  xci.  16, 
and  added,  "  The  Lord  made  good  his  promise  to  me. 
He  hath  satisfied  me  with  length  of  life,  and  he  hath 
given  me  to  see  his  salvation."  He  died  greatly 
lamented,  February  12th,  1678,  aged  71,  and  was  buried 
in  the  parish  churchyard.  When  the  report  of  his  death 
was  brought  to  Mr.  John  Lobley,  the  vicar  of  Sheffield 
(1663-1681),  he  expressed  his  esteem  for  him  by  saying, 
"  And  is  the  good  man  dead  ?  I  am  sorry  for  it.  I  am 
sorry  for  it ;  he  hath  carried  it  so  very  well  that  I  wish 
they  may  get  one  that  will  tread  in  his  steps."  Just  a 
month  before  his  death,  a  meeting-house  called  the  New 
Hall  was  finished ;  in   1681,  Timothy  Jolly  (son  of  the 


186    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY- 

ejected  minister,  Thomas  Jolly)  became  pastor,  and  in 
1700  a  new  chapel,  Upper  Chapel,  was  built  in  Norfolk 
Street. 

11.  DARNTON,  John,  M.A.  (1630-1680),  was  ejected  from 
the  Vicarage  at  Bedlington,  Northumberland;  and 
preached  at  West  Tanfield,  near  Ripon. 

He  was  son  of  Richard  Darnton,  rector  of  West 
Tanfield,  where  he  was  born ;  bred  at  Sedbergh,  under 
Mr.  Garthwaite;  admitted  to  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge,  May  29th,  1647,  pensioner;  tutor,  Mr. 
Pawson,  aet.  17  j  B.A.  1650,  incorporated  M.A.  July 
nth,  1654.  He  ministered  at  Bedlington  without 
having  been  ordained. 

After  his  ejection  there  he  returned  to  West  Tanfield, 
where  his  father  had  been  buried  February  16th,  1654, 
and  began  preaching  there ;  had  licence  for  his  own 
house  as  a  Presbyterian  (September  30th,  1672) ;  and 
was  ordained  with  others  at  Richard  Mitchell's,  Marton 
Scar  in  Craven,  by  Heywood  and  Frankland,  July  10th, 
1678.*  "  His  thesis  was  *  Non  datur  omnibus  gratia 
sufficiens  ad  conversionem' ;  and  he  begged  to  deliver 
himself  in  English,  which  was  permitted  for  the  benefit 
of  such  as  were  present,  and  did  pretty  well ;  though 
some  of  us  were  not  so  fully  satisfied  in  his  abilities,  yet 
having  testimonial  of  his  pious  conversation — Mr. 
Frankland  having  known  him  formerly  in  Northumber- 
land; he  had  preached  above  twenty  years  without 
ordination,  though  he  produced  testimonials  of  appro- 
bation by  the  commissioners  for  trial  of  ministers  in 
these  parts ;  he  solemnly  confessed  his  fault  and  defect 
and  had  always  sought  ordination,  had  never  baptized, 
&c. — upon  encouraging  grounds  we  entertained  him. 
Then  we  required  them  to  make  a  confession  of  their 
faith,  which  they  did  largely  and  distinctly."  (Heywood's 
Diar.  II.  196).  He  was  buried  at  West  Tanfield,  July 
gth,  1680. 

*  This  was  the  first  Nonconformist  Ordination  in  Yorkshire. 


MINISTERS   EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.      187 

12.  DUNCANSON,  James    (        -1674),  was  ejected  from 

Chatton,  Northumberland,  and  subsequently  preached 
at  Selby. 

He  was  a  very  pious  man,  who  was  put  into  this  living 
by  the  Commissioners  in  the  time  of  the  Long 
Parliament. 

Seeing  the  place  much  given  to  drunkenness  he 
preached  freely  against  that  vice,  for  which  he  was  shut 
out  of  his  church  by  Captain  Muschamp  and  Mr. 
Swinhoe,  a  Justice  of  the  Peace.  He  thereupon  preached 
in  the  churchyard,  and  in  his  sermon  uttered  these 
words:  "  I  do  not  pretend  to  be  a  prophet,  and  yet  I  am 
verily  persuaded  that  there  are  some  hearing  me  this 
day  who  shall  live  to  see  these  great  men  that  have  so 
violently  opposed  the  preaching  of  the  Gospel  in  this 
town  not  to  have  one  foot  or  furrow  of  land  in 
Northumberland."  And  his  prediction  was  fulfilled. 
(Palmer  III.  61.) 

He  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian  for  a  meeting  in  his 
own  house  at  Selby,  May  29th,  1672.  Afterwards  he 
retired  to  Leeds,  where  he  was  kindly  received  by 
Richard  Stretton,  nonconformist  minister  of  Mill  Hill 
Chapel,  at  whose  house  he  died,  and  was  buried  at  the 
new  church  of  St.  John's,  December  24th,  1674. 

13.  FRANKLAND,  Richard,  M.A.  (1630-1698),  was  ejected 

from  the  Vicarage  of  Bishop  Auckland,  Durham,  and 
afterwards  preached  and  kept  an  Academy  at 
Rathniell,  near  Settle. 

He  was  son  of  John  Frankland,  and  connected  with 
the  Franklands  of  Thirkleby,  Yorks.  (baronets  from 
1611).  He  was  born  at  Rathmell,  a  hamlet  in  the  parish 
of  Giggleswick  in  Craven,  November  1st,  1630 ;  educated 
at  Giggleswick  Grammar  School,  1640-1648;  admitted 
as  minor  pensionary  of  Christ's  College,  Cambridge, 
May  18th,  1648;  B.A.  1651 ;  M.A.  1655. 

Like  Oliver  Heywood  he  received  lasting  impressions 
from  the  preaching  of  Samuel  Hammond,  lecturer  till 


188     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


1652  at  St.  Giles's.     He  was  a  hard  student,  and  took 
his  degrees  with  distinction. 

He  preached  at  Hexham,  at  Houghton-le-Spring,  and 
at  Lanchester,  where  he  was  ordained  in  the  Presbyterian 
manner,  September  14th,  1653 ;  was  chaplain  in  the 
family  of  Alderman  James  Brook,  at  Ellenthorp,  near 
Boroughbridge ;  and  when  assistant  minister  at  Sedge- 
field,  was  put  by  Sir  Arthur  Hazelrigg  into  the  vicarage 
of  Bishop  Auckland  in  1659.  Some  post  was  designed 
for  him  in  the  College  of  Durham,  for  which  Cromwell 
issued  a  patent,  May  5th,  1657,  but  which  was  never 
fully  established.  At  Bishop  Auckland  two  of  his 
children  were  born. 

After  the   Restoration  he  was  one  of  the  first  to  be 
attacked   for   his   nonconformity.      An   attorney  named 
Bowster  demanded  of    him  publicly  before  the  congre- 
gation  whether  he    intended    to    conform ;    Frankland 
replied   that   it   would   be  time  enough  to  answer  this 
question  when  the  terms  of  conformity  had  been  settled, 
and    meantime    he    relied    on    the    King's   declaration 
(October     25th,    1660),     dispensing    with     conformity. 
Bowster,  with  a  neighbouring  clergyman,  got  possession 
of  the  keys  and  locked  Frankland  out  of  the  church.     He 
indicted  them  for  riot,  but  the  case  was  dismissed  at  the 
Assizes   for   a   technical   flaw   in   the    indictment.     Dr. 
Cosin,  the  Bishop  of  Durham,  now  offered  to  institute 
Frankland  and  give  him  higher  preferment  if  he  would 
receive   Episcopal    ordination.     He    even    proposed    to 
ordain   him   conditionally,    and    so   privately   that    the 
people  might  not  know  of  it ;  but  to  this  he  would  not 
consent.     By  the  Act  of  1661  Frankland  was  confirmed 
in  the  possession  of  the  living,  but  the  Act  of  Uniformity 
in  the  following  year  ejected  him. 

He  then  retired  to  Rathmell,  where  he  had  a  small 
patrimony,  and  lived  some  years  in  privacy;  and  then 
had  a  license  for  his  own  house  as  a  Presbyterian  (1672). 
Before  this  he  had  begun  to  receive  students,  March 
3th,  1669-70.  His  first  student  was  George,  son  of  Sir 
Thomas  Liddell,  Bart.,  of  Ravensworth  Castle,  Durham, 


RICHARD    FRANKLAND,   M.A. 
(From  a  portrait  at  Mansfield  College,  Oxford.) 


To  face  page  188. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR   SILENCED  ELSEWHERE.      189 

whose  family  was  distinguished  for  loyalty  with  Puritan 
leanings.  The  next  were  Anthony  Proctor,  April  7th, 
probably  son  of  an  ejected  minister  of  the  same  name  at 
Well,  near  Bedale;  and  Thomas  Whitaker,  July  6th, 
afterwards  for  thirty-four  years  Congregational  minister 
at  Leeds.  Others  followed,  to  the  number  of  fifteen  in 
four  years ;  of  whom  the  most  notable  were  Timothy 
Jollie,  afterwards  tutor  of  an  academy  at  Attercliffe,  and 
John  Issot,  a  young  ejected  minister,  who  entered  the 
family  for  improvement,  and  became  Frankland's 
assistant. 

Some  of  his  students  were  intended  for  the  legal  and 
others  for  the  medical  profession.  His  first  divinity 
students  belonged  to  the  Independent  denomination. 
The  course  of  studies  in  this  "  Northern  Academy " 
included  logic,  metaphysics,  somatology,  pneumatology, 
natural  philosophy,  divinity  and  chronology.  The 
lectures  were  in  Latin,  and  given  entirely  by  Frankland 
himself  until  he  had  trained  up  others  to  assist  him. 
The  discipline  of  the  house  was  strict,  but  Frankland 
gained  the  confidence  of  the  students  and  maintained  his 
authority  with  admirable  temper.  Those  who  wished  to 
graduate  went  to  Scotland,  where  they  were  promoted 
to  a  degree  after  one  session's  attendance.  The  non- 
conformist ministry  in  the  north  of  England  was  chiefly 
recruited  from  this  academy  as  the  ejected  gradually 
died  out. 

Though  not  a  taking  preacher,  Mr.  Frankland's  solid 
discourses  gained  for  him  an  invitation  from  a  congre- 
gation at  Natland,  near  Kendal ;  where  dissenters  held 
their  meetings,  the  parochial  chapel  being  in  ruins. 
He  moved  there  about  May,  1674;  the  congregation 
increased,  and  he  extended  his  labours  to  Kendal  and 
elsewhere.  He  took  part  in  the  first  nonconformist 
ordination  in  Yorkshire,  which  was  held  at  Marton-in- 
Craven,  July  10th,  1678.  (Heywood  :  Diar.  II.  196). 
For  this  he  is  said  to  have  been  excommunicated. 
During  his  nine  years  stay  at  Natland  he  received  about 
seventy-seven  students.     Some  of  the  most  notable  of 


igo     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

these  were  John  and  Eleazer  Heywood,  sons  of  Oliver 
Heywood,  May  26th,  1674 ;  John  Billingsley,  for  sixteen 
years  a  prominent  dissenting  minister  in  London, 
October  5th,  1679;  William  Tong,  the  friend  and 
biographer  of  Matthew  Henry,  March  2nd,  1681  ;  Jabez 
and  John  Cay,  the  one  a  distinguished  naturalist  and 
the  other  an  eminent  lawyer,  and  compiler  of  the 
"  Abridgment  of  the  Statutes,"  June  18th,  1681 ;  John 
Chorlton,  assistant  and  successor  to  Henry  Newcome, 
of  Manchester,  April  14th,  1682 ;  and  the  two  sons  of 
the  tutor,  John  and  Richard,  the  first  of  whom  died 
young,  the  other  assisted  his  father,  and  died  of  small- 
pox at  Attercliffe  in  1689. 

With  the  renewal  of  persecution  during  the  later  years 
of  Charles  II.,  Frankland  was  again  assailed.  Pro- 
ceedings against  him  begun  in  the  ecclesiastical  court 
in  May,  1681 ;  he  was  excommunicated,  but  his  friends 
obtained  absolution  for  him.  In  1683  he  was  compelled 
to  leave  Natland,  as  being  within  five  miles  of  Kendal,  a 
corporate  town.  He  was  then  received  into  Carlton 
Hall,  in  the  parish  of  Kirkley  Malham,  not  far  from 
Rathmell,  the  seat  of  John  Lambert — son  of  the  major- 
general — whose  wife,  Barbara  Lister,  was  a  great  friend 
of  the  nonconformists.  Here  he  only  remained  a  few 
months,  receiving  four  students,  none  of  whom  attained 
special  distinction. 

Some  time  between  July,  1683,  and  May,  1684,  he  again 
removed  to  Dawson  Fold,  near  Crossthwaite,  Westmore- 
land, just  outside  the  five-mile  radius  from  Kendal  ; 
and  the  following  year  he  retired  to  Hart  Barrow,  also 
called  Hartleborough  and  Hall  Burrow,  near  Cartmell 
Fell,  just  inside  the  Lancashire  boundary,  and  so  con- 
venient for  escaping  a  writ  for  either  county.  At  these 
two  places  he  only  received  nine  students  altogether. 
After  February  6th,  1685,  no  admissions  are  recorded  for 
a  year  and  nine  months,  and  failing  direct  evidence  it 
seems  likely  that  the  academy  may  have  been  temporarily 
discontinued. 

In  the  autumn  of  1686  Frankland  availed   himself  of 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR  SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.      191 

King  James's  Declaration,  took  out  a  fifty-shilling 
dispensation,  and  removed  to  Attercliffe,  near  Sheffield ; 
where  he  remained  nearly  three  years,  and  received  fifty- 
one  students,  of  whom  the  following  deserve  mention  : 
John  Bayes,  for  fifty-two  years  minister  in  Leather  Lane, 
London  ;  Jeremiah  Gall,  assistant  to  Timothy  Jollie,  at 
Sheffield,  afterwards  pastor  at  Hull ;  Samuel  Baxter, 
nearly  forty  years  minister  at  Ipswich ;  John  Ashe, 
nephew  of  the  celebrated  William  Bagshaw,  "  the  Apostle 
of  the  Peak,"  and  himself  a  distinguished  minister  in 
Derbyshire;  Thomas  Dickinson,  successor  of  Oliver 
Heywood  at  Northowram ;  and  Sir  Charles  Duckinfield, 
Bart. 

He  is  thought  to  have  left  Attercliffe  in  consequence  of 
the  death  of  his  son,  which  occurred  May  4th,  1689. 
But  it  is  possible  he  only  designed  a  temporary 
residence  there,  as  he  had  rebuilt  or  enlarged  his  house 
at  Rathmell,  where  a  stone  may  still  be  seen  inscribed 
F  However,  he  removed  thither  in  July  or  August, 
1686.     1689,  and  remained  there  to  the  end  of  his  life. 

During  these  last  nine  years  he  received  no  fewer  than 
146  students — nearly  as  many  as  in  the  nineteen  years 
preceding.  A  few  of  these  demand  recognition  : — John 
Owen,  his  assistant,  afterwards  of  Bronyclydwr,  the 
only  dissenting  minister  in  Merioneth ;  James  Wood,  of 
Chowbent,  distinguished  for  his  martial  courage  in  1745 ; 
John  Taylor,  of  Swaledale ;  William  Benson,  of  Wake- 
field ;  Ebenezer  Roscow,  probably  a  nephew  of  Lord 
Willoughby ;  James  Towers,  Frankland's  successor  at 
Rathmell,  afterwards  at  Tockholes  ;  James  Clegg,  M.D., 
of  Chapel-en-le-Frith  ;  William  Pendlebury,  of  Leeds  ; 
John  Evans,  D.D.,  of  London;  Daniel  Madock,  of 
Uttoxeter;  Thomas  Benyon,  M.D.,  of  Shrewsbury; 
David  Lowe,  of  Market  Harborough,  assistant  to  Dr. 
Doddridge  ;  John  Towers,  of  Hopton. 

But  during  the  whole  time  of  Frankland's  later 
residence  at  Rathmell,  hardly  a  year  passed  without 
some  fresh  attempt  being  made  by  ecclesiastical 
authorities  to  put  down  his  academy.   For  not  answering 


1 92     YORKSHIRE  P  URITA  NISM  A  ND  EA  RL  Y  NONCONFORMITY. 


a  citation  to  the  Archbishop's  Court  he  was  excom- 
municated ;  but  at  the  instance  of  Lord  Wharton  and 
Sir  Thomas  Rokeby,  William  III.  ordered  his  absolution, 
which  was  read  in  Giggleswick  Church.  In  1691  there 
was  a  new  alarm;  and  in  1692  the  clergy  of  Craven 
petitioned  the  Archbishop,  Dr.  John  Sharp,  to  suppress 
the  academy.  Sharp  wrote  to  Tillotson  for  advice,  saw 
Frankland  at  a  confirmation  at  Skipton,  and  invited  him 
to  Bishopthorpe ;  where  with  the  help  of  a  pipe  of 
tobacco  and  a  glass  of  good  wine,  a  very  friendly  inter- 
view took  place.  (Letter  from  Frankland  to  Thoresby, 
November  6th,  1694.)  In  1695  another  indictment  was 
issued  against  him,  but  it  was  quashed,  no  doubt  owing 
to  the  influence  of  Sharp.  In  1697  he  was  brought 
before  the  spiritual  court,  but  the  case  was  postponed. 
His  troubles  continued  till  the  year  of  his  death. 

Though  not  a  popular  preacher,  his  good  sense,  his 
piety,  his  humility,  his  zeal  in  the  maintenance  of  truth 
gained  for  him  very  high  respect.  He  was  a  man  of 
considerable  learning,  an  eminent  tutor,  and  by  his 
labours  in  training  young  men  for  the  ministry  he  did 
more  than  any  other  person  to  promote  the  continuance 
and  efficiency  of  nonconformist  congregations  in  the 
north  of  England. 

His  only  publication,  so  far  as  is  known,  was  a  tract, 
entitled  "  Reflections  on  a  Letter  writ  by  a  nameless 
author  and  on  his  bold  reflections  on  the  Trinity,  to  the 
Rev.  clergy  of  both  Universities.  By  Richard  Frank- 
land.  London  :  printed  by  A.  and  J.  Churchill,  and  sold 
by  R.  Bentley,  Bookseller  in  Halifax,  1697."  Its  argu- 
ments are  scholastic  and  its  style  cumbrous  and  obscure ; 
and  Hey  wood  very  justly  speaks  of  it  as  M  able  and 
uncouth  "  (See  Joshua  Wilson's  "  Historical  Enquiry 
Concerning  the  .  .  .  Opinions  ...  of  the  English 
Presbyterians"). 

His  health  began  to  break  in  1697,  when  he  suffered 
much  from  gravel ;  and  he  died  in  the  midst  of  his 
scholars  on  October  1st,  1698.  He  was  buried  four  days 
later   in   Giggleswick  Church,  where  an   ornate  marble 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.      193 

tablet  has  been  placed  to  his  memory.  *  The  parish 
register  of  burials  contains  the  following  entry  : — "  1698, 
Richardus  Frankland  de  Rathmell  cler.  quinto  die 
Octobri."  It  is  followed  by  another :  Maria,  uxor 
Gulielmi  Paley  de  Giggleswick  " ;  this  is  the  grandmother 
of  the  celebrated  Dr.  Paley  of  the  "  Evidences."  Frank- 
land's  funeral  sermon  was  preached  by  John  Chorlton. 

The  little  congregation  at  Rathmell  was  for  some  years 
under  the  charge  of  John  Towers ;  but  dispersed  on  his 
removal,  about  1722. 

For  a  few  months  after  Frankland's  death  efforts  were 
made  to  obtain  a  tutor  who  would  carry  on  the  academy, 
but  without  success.  In  the  following  March  (1699)  Mr. 
John  Chorlton  "  set  up  a  teaching  university  learning  in 
a  great  house  in  Manchester,"  and  fourteen  of  the  Rath- 
mell students  entered  there.  Others  completed  their 
education  under  Timothy  Jollie,  at  Attercliffe;  others 
elsewhere. 

There  is  a  portrait  of  Frankland  in  Dr.  Williams's 
Library.  He  married  Elizabeth  Sanderson,  of  Hedley 
Hope,  in  the  parish  of  Brancepeth,  Durham.  He  had 
(at  least)  two  sons ;  John,  born  1659,  entered  the 
academy  May  3rd,  1678,  "  the  strongest  man  of  his  age 
in  and  about  Natland,"  died  January,  1679  ;  and 
Richard,  baptized  June  8th,  1668,  entered  the  academy 
April  13th,  1680,  and  buried  at  Sheffield,  May  4th,  1689 ; 
and  three  daughters,  Barbery  (named  after  Mrs.  Lambert, 
of  Colton),  Elizabeth,  and  Margaret,  who  married  Samuel 
Smith,  of  York,  son  of  Joseph  Smith,  V.D.M. 

The  following  story  is  told  by  Henry  Sampson  (ejected 
from  the  rectory  of  Framlingham,  Suffolk,  in  1660), 
concerning  a  visit  paid  by  Frankland  to  Charles  II.  t 

"  Himself  told  me  that  he  had  a  violent  impulse  upon  his  mind 
to  go  to  the  king;  that  he  could  neither  study  nor  do  anything  else 
for  several  days,  so  that  he  took  up  a  resolution  that  he  would  go 

*  The  tablet  is  a  fac  simile  of  that  erected  to  John  Lambert,  before 
mentioned,  in  Kirkby  Malham  Church.  There  are  other  memorials  of 
the  Frankland  family  in  Giggleswick  Church  porch. 

t  Extracts  from  Sampson's  "  Day  Book."     British  Museum. 
O 


194     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

to  him.  He  acquainted  some  with  it,  who  spent  sometime  in  prayer, 
as  himself  also  did  at  other  times.  He  wrote  down  what  he  intended 
to  say  to  him,  thinking  it  too  adventurous  to  speak  to  a  king 
depending  on  the  presence  of  mind  he  might  then  have.  So  he 
goes  to  the  old  earl  of  Manchester,  lord  chamberlain,  who  used  him 
very  friendly  and  desired  him  that  he  would  bring  him  to  speak  to 
the  king.  The  earl  would  fain  have  known  what  he  would  say  to 
him,  but  he  would  not  tell  him.  The  earl  appoints  him  a  place  to 
stand  at  which  the  king  was  to  pass  on  his  way  to  the  council. 
When  the  king  came  out,  *  This  man,'  said  the  earl,  ■  would  speak 
to  your  majesty.'  The  king  asked  him,  *  Would  you  speak  with 
me '  ?  '  Yes,'  said  he,  ■  but  in  private.'  So  the  king  stepped  aside 
from  the  nobility  that  followed.  Then  said  Mr.  Frankland,  '  The 
Eternal  God  whose  I  am  and  whom  I  serve  commands  you  to 
reform  your  life,  your  family,  your  kingdom  and  the  Church.  If 
you  do  not,  there  are  such  judgments  of  God  impending  (at  which 
words  he  grew  pale  and  changed  countenance)  that  may  destroy 
both  you  and  the  kingdom.'  'I  will,'  saith  the  king,  'do  what  I 
can.'  Mr.  Frankland  repeated  this  latter  part  and  added,  '  I  know 
the  wrath  of  a  king  is  as  the  roaring  of  a  lion,  but  for  your  sake  I 
have  taken  up  this  speech  and  leave  it  with  you.'  The  king  passed 
away,  saying,  '  I  thank  you,  sir,'  and  twice  looking  back  before  he 
went  to  the  council  chamber,  said,  '  I  thank  you,  sir ;  I  thank  you  ' ; 
but  he  said  and  did  not." 

The  old  college  building  at  Rathmell  still  exists,  but 
has  been  greatly  altered  ;  in  part  demolished,  and  in  part 
turned  into  cottages  which  occupy  an  enclosure  known 
as  College  Fold.  The  following  is  an  account  given  by 
John  Cockin,  minister  at  Holmfirth,  in  a  letter  written 
by  him  April  21st,  1821,  of  a  visit  paid  by  him  to  the 
place : 

'*  Some  years  ago,  when  I  was  itinerating  in  Craven,  I  passed 
through  a  village,  and  saw  '  Rathmell '  painted  on  a  board.  The 
name  struck  me,  and  ...  I  recollected  it  was  the  residence  of  Mr. 
Frankland,  the  tutor  of  the  first  dissenting  tendency  in  England.  I 
asked  the  first  man  I  met  if  there  were  any  remains  of  an  old  chapel 
in  the  place;  '  No,'  said  he,  ■  but  there  was  once  a  college  here.'  I 
then  enquired  what  person  in  the  village  was  most  likely  to  give  me 
information  about  it.  .  .  .  At  last  I  went  to  one  family  whose 
ancestors  had  resided  within  a  stone's  cast  of  Mr.  Frankland's 
house  for  several  centuries.  They  received  me  courteously,  enter- 
tained me  to  dinner,  shewed  me  the  premises,  and  told  me  all  the 
traditions  of  the  place  respecting  ■  the  old  college.'  It  was  an 
extensive  establishment,  bounded  by  a  high  wall,  which  enclosed 


MINISTERS  EJECTED  OR   SILENCED  ELSEWHERE.      195 

an  acre  of  ground.  Over  the  gate  of  the  yard  was  a  large  bell, 
which  rang  at  stated  times  to  call  the  students  up,  and  to  summon 
them  to  family  prayers,  meals,  &c.  Some  of  the  buildings  have 
been  taken  down,  and  those  which  are  still  standing  are  converted 
into  cottage  houses.  There  was  a  long  row  of  windows  to  the 
different  studies,  most  of  which  are  now  walled  up.  .  .  .  The 
kitchen  was  described  to  me  as  having  been  very  large;  and  my 
guide  told  me  that  when  she  was  a  girl  she  had  often  hid  herself  in 
the  oven  in  a  game  of '  hide  and  seek.'  The  garden  and  orchard 
were  extensive,  but  are  now  converted  into  grass  land.  I  could 
learn  no  anecdotes  of  the  personal  character  of  Mr.  Frankland,  or 
any  of  the  students ;  and  all  the  traditions  I  heard  related  to  the 
mischievous  tricks  which  the  young  men  played  to  the  country 
people." 

A  view  of  the  buildings,  as  they  now  appear,  is  given 
in  the  Transactions  of  the  Congregational  Historical 
Society  for  September,  1906.  A  complete  list  of  Frank- 
land's  students  may  be  found  in  J.  H.  Turner's  edition 
of  "  Oliver  Heywood's  Diaries,  &c,"  vol.  3,  1885. 

14.  GRANT,  Jonathan  (1617-1681),  was  ejected  from  the 
Rectory  of  Flixborough,  Lincolnshire;  and  preached 
at  Thomscoe,  Darfield,  near  Barnsley. 

He  was  born  at  Rotherham ;  educated  at  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge  ;  and  was  for  a  while  assistant  to 
William  Styles,  M.A.,  the  Puritan  vicar  of  Pontefract 
(afterwards  of  Hessle  and  Leeds) ;  subsequently  minister 
at  Ashley,  near  Kidderminster,  and  present  at  the  dis- 
putation on  Baptism  at  Bewdley  between  Baxter  and 
Tombes,  which  was  much  to  his  satisfaction — the  rather 
as  it  was  the  means  of  effecting  a  change  in  the  views  of 
his  wife,  who  had  been  made  a  convert  by  the  Baptists. 
He  had  during  the  civil  war  been  a  prisoner  in  four 
different  castles. 

After  his  ejection  he  retired  to  Thornscoe,  and  had 
licence  for  a  meeting  in  his  own  house  as  a  Presbyterian 
(1672).  He  also  often  preached  at  Great  Houghton. 
He  died  in  1681,  at  the  age  of  64,  of  palsy,  from  which 
he  had  suffered  about  half  a  year.  He  was  an  active 
man,  of  fruitful  abilities  and  good  learning ;  fit  for  any 
company  or  discourse,  and  an  acceptable,  useful  preacher. 


196    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Diodatus,  son  of  Jonathan  Grant  and  Obedience  his  wife, 
was  buried  at  Thornscoe,  June  7th,  1684. 

15.  JOLLY,  Thomas  (1629-1703),  was  ejected  from  the 
Chapelry  of  Altham,  in  the  parish  of  Whalley, 
Lancashire,  and  laboured  much  in  the  West  Riding 
of  Yorkshire. 

He  was  son  of  James  Jolly,  of  Droylsden,  afterwards 
of  Manchester  and  of  Chester ;  who  was  a  major  in  the 
Parliamentary  army,  a  strong  Independent,  and  under 
the  Conventicle  Act  was  apprehended  and  fined  (July 
3rd,  1665) ;  died  November  7th,  1666,  and  was  buried  at 
St.  Michael's  Church,  Chester.  Major  Jolly  had  three 
sons,  James,  Thomas,  and  John ;  the  last-named  was 
educated  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  silenced  by  the 
Act  of  Uniformity,  and  died  at  Gorton,  June  17th, 
1682  (his  son  John  was  one  of  Frankland's  students, 
successor  of  his  uncle  Thomas  at  Wymondhouses,  and 
died  at  Oakenshaw,  Clayton-le-Moors,  Whalley,  in  1725 ; 
his  brother  Edward  was  also  a  Frankland's  student). 

Thomas  Jolly  was  born  at  Droylsden,  Lancashire, 
September  14th,  1629,  baptized  at  Gorton  Chapel,  and 
in  his  sixteenth  year  was  sent  to  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  where  he  remained  between  three  and  four 
years,  and  had  Oliver  Heywood  as  his  fellow-student 
and  bosom  friend.  He  was  recommended  by  T.  Hill,  of 
Magdalen,  as  studious  and  piously  affected. 

On  leaving  Cambridge  at  31,  he  was  appointed  to 
Altham,  with  "the  unanimous  consent  of  the  people," 
September  16th,  1649 ;  Mr.  Giles  having  just  previously 
removed  to  Coley,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax.  The  chapelry 
consisted  of  the  township  of  Altham  and  part  of  Clayton- 
le-Moors.  His  salary  was  only  £10  per  annum,  paid  by 
the  owner  of  the  rectorial  tithes  of  Whalley ;  but  in  1650 
£30  was  ordered  by  the  Committee  of  the  County,  and 
a  further  sum  of  £50  by  the  Committee  for  Plundered 
Ministers. 

He  was  married  in  1651,  and  his  wife  died  in  1653 ; 
again  married  in  March,  1654,  anc*  was  again  a  widower 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.      197 


in  October.  In  May  of  this  year  he  went  to  London,  and 
was  approved  by  the  Commissioners  for  the  Approbation 
of  Public  Preachers.  In  1655  he  married  for  the  third 
time,  and  in  the  following  year  was  once  more  a  widower, 
losing  his  wife  on  the  birth  of  his  son  Timothy.  In  1657 
he  was  at  Wakefield,  consulting  with  other  ministers  as 
to  the  communion  of  churches ;  and  in  1658  at  the 
general  meeting  of  the  Congregational  Churches  at  the 
Savoy,  and  preached  before  the  assembly.  In  1659  he 
declined  a  call  from  Whalley. 

At  the  Restoration  his  troubles  began.     In  November, 

1660,  a  warrant  was  issued  against  him  by  three  Deputy- 
Lieutenants,  and  he  was  taken  to  Preston  and  charged 
with  sedition.  The  Oath  of  Supremacy  having  been  put 
to  him,  he  was  discharged. 

On  February  15th,  1661,  he  was  again  arrested,  and 
kept  for  some  time  in  custody. 

On  March  15th  of  the  same  year,  Captain  Nicholas 
Bannister,  of  Altham,  "  violently  shut  him  out"  of  the 
chapel,  and  a  few  days  after  he  was  cited  to  appear  at 
the  Bishop's  Court  at  Chester  to  answer  various  charges. 

His  chief  persecutors  were :  Rev.  John  Lightfoote, 
rector  of  Bury,  Mr.  Moor,  vicar  of  Whalley,  and  Richard 
Walmsley,  of  Dunkenhalgh,  a  papist ;  this  last  shut  him 
out  of  Langho  Chapel,  where  he  occasionally  preached. 

On  November  nth,  at  Chester,  he  was  charged  for 
refusing  to  use  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer ;  suit  shortly 
afterwards  removed,  but  the  Prelate  died  November  29th, 

1661.  One  of  the  witnesses  (November  28th)  said  that 
for  three  years  past  he  had  a  separate  congregation  of 
his  own,  which  he  called  "  the  Society."  Mr.  Bannister 
got  the  key,  and  would  not  admit  him,  but  he  got  a  new 
key,  and  preached  ever  since. 

On  July  25th,  1662,  Captain  Bannister  and  Ensign 
John  Grimshaw  came  "  full  of  ale  "  to  cite  him  again  to 
Chester ;  and  on  August  17th  these  and  Captain  Alex. 
Nowell  brought  an  order  of  suspension,  and  forced  him 
out  of  the  Chapel.  Bannister  died  March  16th,  1664-5, 
and   Moor  soon  afterwards. 


198     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Jolly  now,  after  thirteen  years'  labour,  broke  up  his 
house,  and  "with  his  three  young  children  were  putt  to 
wander  for  a  considerable  time  without  any  certain 
dwelling  place."  Encouraged  by  Mr.  Newcome,  he 
preached  to  the  Anabaptists. 

On  October  9th,  1663,  he  was  taken  as  a  "  sojourner  " 
at  Healey  by  Captain  Parker  and  others,  who  set  him 
behind  one  of  the  soldiers  on  horseback,  without  boots 
or  hat.  He  was  taken  to  Burnley  and  Bury,  and 
examined  by  Colonel  Nowell  and  Mr.  Holt,  of  Castleton, 
concerning  certain  private  meetings,  left  to  lie  all  night 
on  wet  straw,  and  next  morning  taken  to  Skipton,  and 
after  being  kept  prisoner  some  time,  sent  back  to  Healey. 
On  November  4th  he  was  again  arrested,  taken  by 
troopers  to  York,  and  detained  at  the  Marshall's  for  a 
month,  on  the  information  of  Ralph  Oates ;  but  no  fault 
being  found  "in  the  matter  of  the  Kingdom"  [Farnley 
Wood  Plot],  he  was  sent  home,  to  the  great  confusion 
of  his  adversaries. 

On  February  12th,  1664-5,  at  the  house  of  Richard 
Ingham,  he  was  surprised  by  Captain  Parker  and  soldiers, 
and  taken  before  Justices  Starkie  and  Braddyll :  who 
committed  him  to  Lancaster  Castle,  where  with  Robert 
Whittaker  and  John  Bailey  he  was  imprisoned  for  three 
months.  On  November  23rd  he  was  again  arrested,  and 
taken  before  Justice  Rigby,  and  bound  to  appear  if 
required. 

The  Five  Mile  Act  subjected  him  to  three  years' 
banishment  from  Altham;  so  in  1667  he  purchased 
Wymondhouses,  at  the  foot  of  Pendle  Hill,  removed 
his  goods  thereto,  and  commenced  to  gather  a  society, 
preaching  at  first  to  two  women  only. 

His  meetings  here  were  discovered,  and  he  was  once 
or  twice  arrested.  On  April  25th,  1669,  he  was  taken  by 
Colonel  Nowell  at  Abraham  Howarth's  house  at  Altham, 
and  committed  by  Colonel  Kirby  to  Lancaster  Castle, 
under  the  Five  Mile  Act,  for  refusing  to  take  the  pre- 
scribed oath.  The  justices  at  Preston  refused  to  release 
him,  and  he  spent  the  greater  part  of  that  year  in  prison. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.     199 

In  February,  1671-2,  Oliver  Heywood  preached  for 
him.  He  obtained  a  licence  under  the  Indulgence  in 
that  year;  but  nevertheless  was  frequently  interfered 
with.  He  and  Howarth  were  indicted  and  put  to  much 
expense  in  August ;  he  was  again  indicted  by  Nowell  in 
October,  which  cost  him  £8;  and  on  December  5th  a 
warrant  was  served  on  him.  The  following  year  he  was 
seized  at  Slade  by  Nowell,  who  seems  to  have  been 
actuated  by  some  personal  enmity  against  him.  In 
1674  his  licence  was  cancelled;  and  on  June  14th 
Captain  Nowell  came  and  presented  a  pistol,  and  issued 
warrants  for  a  fine  on  his  goods. 

Before  this  he  had  ventured  on  a  fourth  marriage,  and 
once  more  was  left  a  widower  on  June  8th,  1675.  In  this 
year  he  visited  London,  and  was  kindly  received  by  Dr. 
Owen. 

In  1676  he  laboured  much  in  Craven.  In  1677  or  early 
in  1678  he  preached  privately  at  Whalley,  and  was  repre- 
sented to  Justice  Parker  as  "  an  enemy  to  Christ  and  a 
traitor  to  the  king."  In  November,  1678,  he  was  pre- 
sented, with  others,  and  notes  "  a  charge  of  £7  for  my 
past,  beside  the  sequestration  of  two  parts  of  my  estate, 
which  may  fallow."  On  November  12th,  1679,  new 
warrants  were  issued  against  him  for  absence  from 
church.  In  the  course  of  this  year  he  visited  Kipping, 
and  is  said  on  one  occasion  to  have  preached  for  four 
hours. 

After  this  he  seems  to  have  been  left  about  four  years 
in  peace ;  then  in  1684  he  was  apprehended  by  order  of 
the  Lord  Chief  Justice,  and  brought  before  him  at 
Preston,  where  he  was  required  to  find  sureties  in  £200 
each  :  Jeffreys  wanted  to  make  it  £2,000.  At  the  assizes 
his  own  bond  for  £100  was  accepted. 

His  troubles  ceased  with  the  issue  of  King  James's 
Declaration  of  Liberty;  on  May  15th,  1688,  the  founda- 
tion of  a  meeting-house  was  laid,  which  was  completed 
by  July  14th.  The  ruins  of  it  were  still  to  be  seen  in 
1869,  but  have  now  quite  disappeared. 

He  was  one  of  those  who  united  in  exorcising  one 


200     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Richard  Dugdale,  a  supposed  Demoniac,  at  Surey,  near 
Whalley,  in  1699  or  1690 ;  and  some  years  afterwards 
printed  a  tract,  "  A  Vindication  of  the  Surey  Demoniack 
as  no  Impostor." 

He  took  part  in  a  meeting  at  Rathmell,  in  1690,  about 
Union  between  the  Presbyterians  and  Independents ; 
and  joined  the  "Happy  Union,"  which  was  effected  in 

1693.  He  was  accustomed  to  say  that  "  things  would 
succeed  in  Civil  matters  according  to  the.  advance  made 
in  Reformation  and  Reconciliation."     On  September  4th, 

1694,  there  was  a  general  meeting  of  the  United  Brethren 
in  Manchester;  Mr.  Jolly  and  Mr.  Newcome  were  ap- 
pointed to  manage  the  correspondence,  and  Mr.  Jolly  to 
preach  at  the  next  meeting.  He  last  visited  his  youngest 
son  at  Sheffield  in  1700 ;  and  died,  aged  73,  on  March 
14th,  1702-3,  or  by  another  account,  April  16th,  1703, 
and  was  buried  at  Whalley. 

By  his  first  wife  he  had  two  sons ;  Thomas,  who  died 
at  the  age  of  19  while  preparing  for  the  ministry,  and 
Samuel,  a  doctor  at  Sheffield.  By  his  third  wife  he  had 
one  son,  Timothy,  born  at  Altham  in  1656 ;  who  studied 
under  Frankland,  gained  distinction  as  tutor  at  Atter- 
cliffe  and  pastor  at  Sheffield ;  and  died  in  1714. 

16.  NAYLOR,  Peter  (1636-1690),  was  ejected  from  Hoghton 
Chapel,  Lancashire  ;  and  afterwards  preached  at 
Pontefract  and  Wakefield. 

He  was  son  of  John  Naylor,  of  Wigan,  Lancashire, 
draper ;  admitted  to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
April  23rd,  1655,  aet.  19. 

After  his  ejection  he  often  preached  for  Mr.  Swift  at 
the  Episcopal  Chapel  of  Penistone ;  and  had  licence  to 
preach  in  the  house  of  Boniface  Cooper,  Pontefract,  as  a 
Presbyterian  (1672). 

About  the  same  time  he  began  to  preach  at  Alver- 
thorpe,  near  Wakefield,  where  he  succeeded  Joshua 
Kirby,  of  Flanshaw  Hall,  who  had  been  ejected  from  his 
lectureship  in  the  parish  church,  and  died  in  1676. 

In   1689  the  house  of  Peter  Naylor  at  Wakefield  was 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.     201 


certified  for  Protestant  Dissenters  by  John  Ray  and  Dan 
Sykes.  At  the  same  time  the  house  of  Mrs.  Kirby  was 
certified  by  Cornelius  Clarke  and  William  Hawdon 
(ejected  minister  who  died  in  1699). 

Naylor  continued  his  useful  ministry  until  his  death  in 
1690,  aged  54.  He  was  buried  at  Wakefield,  June  2nd ; 
his  funeral  being  attended  by  two  coaches  and  twelve 
ministers.  Mr.  Whitaker,  of  Leeds,  preached  his  funeral 
sermon  from  Zechariah  i.  5.  His  son,  James  Naylor,  was 
for  a  short  time  assistant  to  Mr.  Nesbitt,  of  Hare  Court, 
London  ;  but  died  of  consumption,  July  23rd,  1708,  aged 
291,  and  was  buried  in  Bunhill  Fields. 

17.  OGDEN,  Samuel,  B.A.  (1626-1697),  was  ejected  from  the 
Vicarage  of  Mackworth,  Derbyshire ;  and  afterwards 
resided  for  a  while  in  Yorkshire. 

He  was  born  at  Oldham  ;  educated  at  Christ's  College, 
Cambridge ;  first  settled  at  Buxton ;  ordained  by  the 
classis  of  Wirksworth  in  1653  ;  presented  to  Fairfield 
Chapel  1654,  and  to  the  vicarage  of  Mackworth 
1657-62. 

After  his  ejection  he  carried  on  a  boarding-school  until 
the  Five  Mile  Act  was  passed,  when  he  went  into  York- 
shire, where  he  remained  for  some  time. 

He  subsequently  taught  a  school  at  Derby,  and  when 
an  action  was  commenced  against  him  for  doing  so,  Sir 
John  Gell,  of  Hopton,  gave  him  the  Free  School  of 
Wirksworth  in  1686  ;  where  he  continued  until  his  death, 
May  25th,  1697,  aged  70. 

He  was  a  great  scholar  and  a  staunch  nonconformist. 
"  To  conform,"  he  wrote,  "  is  not  only  to  assert  by 
practice,  but  to  assent  in  express  terms  to  all  the  dubious 
articles  of  faith,  all  the  imperfect  forms  of  prayer,  all  the 
erroneous  translations  of  Scripture,  all  the  unaccountable 
rubrics  and  prescriptions  of  the  Common  Prayer  Book, 
together  with  the  questionable  ceremonies  used ;  all 
which  have  been  the  scruples,  scandals,  and  stumbling 
stone  of  most  good  men  of  England  for  many  scores  of 
years." 


202     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

A  descendant  of  his,  Samuel  Ogden,  M.A.,  D.D. 
(1716-1778),  was  Master  of  Halifax  Grammar  School,  and 
a  popular  preacher  at  Cambridge. 


18.  OLIVER,  Thomas,  is  believed  to  have  been  an  ejected 

minister,  though  the  place  of  his  ejection  is  unknown ; 
he  ministered  in  Yorkshire  many  years. 

In  1672  he  had  licence  as  a  Congregationalist  for  the 
house  of  John  Mares,  at  Newlands  in  Yorkshire.  There 
was  a  Newlands  near  Hull,  which  now  forms  part  of 
the  city. 

The  name  given  in  the  licence  is  Thomas,  and  he  was 
undoubtedly  the  same  as  is  said  by  Palmer  to  have  been 
"  chaplain  to  the  pious  and  excellent  Lady  NorclifT."  She 
was  the  widow  of  Sir  Thomas  NorclirT,  and  resided  at 
Langton  Hall,  near  Malton.  She  was  a  member  and 
generous  supporter  of  the  Congregational  Church  at  Hull 
(afterwards  meeting  in  Dagger  Lane).  Of  her  it  is 
recorded,  "  She  was  pious,  liberal  and  bountiful  to 
all ;  she  gave  £50  per  annum  to  the  pastor  of  Langton, 
where  she  lived,  and  £50  per  annum  to  the  pastor 
of  the  Congregational  Church  at  Hull,  where  she 
was  in  fellowship,  and  £20  per  annum  to  Mr.  Oliver,  her 
chaplain,  that  preached  in  her  house  at  Langton  Hall, 
where  he  lived,  and  kept  him  his  horse,  put  his  children 
to  school,  &c." 

[Palmer  says  of  William  Oliver  (in  addition  to  what  has 
been  already  quoted),  that  he  was  ejected  at  Glapthorn, 
Northamptonshire.  After  his  ejection  he  lived  at 
Fotheringay,  in  that  county.  He  was  a  little  man,  full  of 
spirit,  a  good  scholar  and  a  useful  preacher.  He  died 
July  10th,  1686,  aged  78.  There  is  no  other  Oliver  in 
Calamy.] 

19.  PARISH,   ,   was   ejected   at   Darlington,    Durham, 

and  afterwards  lived  in  Yorkshire. 

Information  respecting  him  is  very  defective. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.       203 

20.  ROGERS,  John,  M.A.  (1610-1680),  was  ejected  from  the 
Rectory  of  Croglin,  Cumberland ;  and  afterwards 
preached  at  Lartington,  Yorkshire,  North  Riding. 

He  was  the  eldest  son  of  John  Rogers,  minister  of 
Chalcombe,  Northamptonshire ;  born  there  April  25th, 
1610,  educated  at  Wadham  College,  Oxford,  was  for  some 
time  preacher  at  Middleton  Cheyney,  Northamptonshire, 
and  afterwards  at  Leigh,  in  Kent.  He  was  then  sent  by 
order  of  Parliament  (in  1644)  to  Barnard  Castle,  Durham, 
where  he   laboured   with    great   diligence  and    success. 

When  he  came  to  Barnard  Castle  he  made  out  a  list  of 
the  number  of  souls  in  his  parish,  which  were  about  2,000. 
He  took  an  exact  account  who  of  them  were  persons  of 
knowledge,  and  who  were  ignorant;  who  were  fit  or 
unfit  for  the  Lord's  table,  &c.  Those  who  were  ignorant 
he  conversed  much  with,  gave  them  good  books,  till  he 
thought  them  qualified  for  that  sacred  solemnity. 

He  took  great  care  of  poor  children  that  they  might  not 
grow  up  in  ignorance  and  idleness.  He  was  a  zealous 
observer  of  the  Lord's  day  and  was  much  given  t© 
hospitality.  He  had  some  difficulty  with  the  Quakers,  but 
his  conduct  toward  them  was  so  engaging  that  even  many 
of  them  would  not  forbear  giving  him  a  good  word. 

He  was  much  respected  by  Sir  Harry  Vane,  of  Raby 
Castle,  in  that  neighbourhood  ;  and  he  afterwards  visited 
his  son,  Sir  Harry  the  younger,  when  imprisoned  before 
his  execution  by  the  vindictive  Cavaliers  after  the 
Restoration.  On  March  2nd,  1660,  he  removed  to 
Croglin,  on  the  presentation  of  Philip,  Lord  Wharton. 

After  his  ejection  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity  he  con- 
tinued his  ministry.  He  had  licence  as  a  general 
Presbyterian  teacher  at  Lartington,  near  Barnard  Castle 
(May  13th,  1672) ;  also  for  his  own  house  there  (Sep- 
tember 5th),  and  for  the  house  of  Robert  Nicholson  at 
Darlington  (August  12th).  When  the  licences  were  with- 
drawn he  preached  at  a  house  at  Startforth,  near  Barnard 
Castle,  which  belonged  to  Ambrose  Barnes,  the  Diarist, 
who  was  his   brother-in-law.      On   one   Lord's  day  he 


204     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

held  service  there,  and  on  another  in  Teesdale  or  Wear- 
dale,  among  the  workers  in  the  lead  mines.  He  often 
preached  on  the  weekdays  also.  Many  a  troublesome 
journey  did  he  take  amongst  those  poor  people,  through 
deep  snows  and  over  high  mountains,  when  the  roads 
were  bad  and  the  cold  severe.  But  he  made  nothing  of 
the  fatigue,  through  his  love  to  souls ;  especially  as  he 
was  encouraged  by  the  eagerness  of  these  people  to  hear 
the  Word.  Only  £10  a  year  was  raised  for  him  in  this 
wide  field  of  labour;  but  his  own  estate  placed  him 
beyond  the  reach  of  want.  He  published  a  little 
Catechism,  and  two  letters  to  Mr.  R.  Wilson  on  the 
death  of  his  daughter,  whose  life  was  published  under  the 
title  of  "  The  Virgin  Saint."  He  was  of  a  catholic  spirit 
and  a  great  enemy  to  uncharitable  principles  or  practices. 
He  had  always  a  good  correspondence  with  the  neigh- 
bouring clergy,  and  was  treated  very  respectfully  by  Dr. 
Stern,  Archbishop  of  York,  Dr.  Rainbow,  Bishop  of 
Carlisle,  and  the  Bishop  of  Durham,  on  the  last  of  whom 
he  often  waited.  The  old  Lord  Crew,  with  whom  he  was 
acquainted  in  his  younger  days,  always  received  him  with 
great  respect.  He  died  at  Startford,  November  28th, 
1680,  and  his  funeral  sermon  was  preached  by  Mr.  Brokill, 
the  vicar  of  Barnard  Castle.  His  wife,  Grace,  was 
buried  at  this  place  February  5th,  1677-8. 

His  son,  Timothy  Rogers,  author  of  a  discourse  on 
"  Trouble  of  Mind,"  was  a  nonconformist  minister  at 
Wantage,  Berkshire,  and  subsequently  at  Old  Jewry, 
London.  A  remarkable  story  was  told  by  him  concerning 
his  father,  who  was  on  one  occasion  brought  up  before 
Sir  Richard  Cradock,  a  Justice  distinguished  by  his  great 
severity  towards  nonconformists.  Whilst  waiting  in  the 
hall  he  had  the  good  fortune  to  gain  the  favour  of  Sir 
Richard's  grandchild,  a  little  girl  of  six  or  seven  years  of 
age,  who  had  been  much  indulged  and  usually  exhibited  a 
very  wilful  temper.  When  summoned  a  second  time  the 
Justice  made  out  the  mittimus  to  commit  him  to  prison. 
But  meanwhile  the  child  had  discovered  the  reason  of 
Mr.  Rogers  being  again  at  the  Hall,  and  went   to  her 


MINISTERS   EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.     205 

grandfather  and  said :  "  If  you  send  him  and  his  friends 
to  jail  I'll  drown  myself  in  the  pond  as  soon  as  they  are 
gone ;  I  will,  indeed."  The  old  gentleman  knew  the 
violent  temper  of  the  child,  and  fearing  the  result,  desisted 
from  his  purpose,  and  Mr.  Rogers,  laying  his  hand  on  the 
head  of  the  child  and  praying  for  God's  blessing  upon 
her,  went  away  at  liberty. 

Many  years  afterwards  Timothy  Rogers  told  this  story 
when  dining  in  company  with  several  others  at  the  house 
of  an  excellent  Christian  lady  in  London,  Mrs.  Tooly  ; 
who  declared  that  she  was  herself  the  little  girl  who  had 
secured  the  release  of  his  father  and  gave  an  account  of 
her  subsequent  life.  She  inherited  a  large  fortune,  but 
after  pursuing  the  round  of  fashionable  pleasures,  suffered 
from  "  troubles  of  mind,"  and  having  consulted  a  doctor 
at  Bath,  was  recommended  by  him  to  read  a  certain 
remarkable  book — which  proved  to  be  no  other  than  the 
New  Testament.  She  promised  to  read  it,  which  she 
had  never  done  before ;  and  was  led  by  several  remark- 
able occurences  to  hear  a  sermon  by  Mr.  Shower  at  Old 
Jewry,  on  the  text,  "  Return  unto  thy  rest,  O  my  soul,  for 
the  Lord  hath  dealt  bountifully  with  thee,"  which  led  to 
her  conversion. 

21.  STRETTON,  Richard  M.A.  (1632-1712),  was  ejected  at 
Petworth,  1660,  silenced  in  London,  1662,  and  after- 
wards chaplain  to  Lord  Fairfax  at  Nun  Appleton,  in  the 
parish  of  Bilbrough. 

He  was  born  at  Claybrook,  Leicestershire;  educated 
at  New  College,  Oxford,  B.A.  1655,  M.A.  1658; 
ordained  at  Arundel,  October  26th,  1658,  and  assistant  to 
Dr.  Cheynel  at  Petworth,  Sussex,  till  November,  1660, 
when  he  came  to  London.  He  was  introduced  by  James 
Nalton  to  Lord  Fairfax,  and  was  his  domestic  chaplain 
until  the  death  of  his  lordship  (November  12th,  1671) ; 
who  bequeathed  to  him  all  his  tithes  at  Bilbrough  and 
Sandwath  during  his  life,  "  provided  he  doe  supply  the 
office  of  a  preachinge  minister  there,  or  procure  one 
to   doe    itt"  (Markham,    p.  444).     While    residing   at 


206     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Nun  Appleton  he  became  acquainted  with  the  barrister, 
Thomas  Rokeby,  afterwards  judge  and  knighted.  He 
was  also  on  friendly  terms  with  Dr.  Tillotson  (after- 
wards Archbishop),  who  insisted  upon  his  preaching  at 
St.  Lawrence's,  London,  for  which  he  was  rebuked  by 
the  Bishop. 

He  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian  teacher  at  the  house 
of  Frances  Richardson  at  Cawood  (May  29th,  1672) ;  and 
shortly  afterwards,  was  chosen  minister  at  the  newly- 
built  Presbyterian  meeting-house  at  Leeds.  In  1677  he 
removed  to  London  and  ministered  to  a  congregation 
there.  In  1683,  for  refusing  the  Oxford  oath,  he  was 
imprisoned  in  Newgate  for  six  months ;  and  on  returning 
to  his  house  he  was  seized  the  very  next  morning  by  the 
city  marshal,  his  papers  secured,  and  he  himself  carried 
before  the  King  and  Council,  who  dismissed  him  and 
sent  him  before  the  Lord  Mayor.  He  lived  till  after  the 
passing  of  the  Toleration  Act,  and  on  Dr.  Annesley's 
death,  took  charge  of  the  Morning  Lecture.  He  died 
July  3rd,  1712,  and  was  buried  in  Bunhill  Fields, 
Matthew  Henry  preaching  his  funeral  sermon. 

He  delighted  in  doing  good,  and  was  a  zealous 
promoter  of  works  of  charity.  He  was  very  helpful  to  his 
poor  country  brethren,  and  was  a  principal  agent  in 
setting  up  and  supporting  the  fund  for  assisting  them 
and  poor  country  congregations.  His  son  Richard  was  a 
nonconformist  minister  at  Marden,  Berks.  (Wilson 
Diss.,   Ch.  iii.   130,  iv.  72.) 

22.  TRICKETT  (or  Triggot),  Mark,  B.A.,  was  ejected 
from  the  Rectory  of  Gate  Burton,  Lincolnshire ; 
and  preached  at  Great  Houghton  and  elsewhere  in 
Yorkshire. 

He  was  educated  at  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge; 
A.B.,  1657.  "  1659,  May :  Mr.  Mark  Trichit  and  Prudence 
Green,  widow,  married  at  Holy  Trinity,  Hull."  After  his 
ejection  he  resided  with  Mr.  Aspenwall,  at  Thornscoe,  and 
often  preached  at  Great  Houghton. 

In  1672  he  had  licence  as  a  Congregationalist  to  teach 


MINISTERS   EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE,      207 


in  Kirksandall    Hall,  four  miles  from  Doncaster,  where 
also  John  Hobson  had  a  similar  licence. 

For  preaching  and  praying  at  Tanshelf,  Pontefract,  he 
was  committed  to  York  Castle,  April  25th,  1682 ; 
where  he  was  visited  by  Thoresby,  and  remained  for 
some  time.  He  was  living  in  1687,  and  visited  Timothy 
Roote  when  the  latter  conformed  and  became  vicar  of 
Howden ;  but  the  date  of  his  death  is  not  recorded. 
He  was  of  a  brisk,  active  temper,  and  his  preaching  was 
much  admired.  (See  Northowram  Register,  p.  135,  and 
Palmer  III.  476.) 

23.  WARD,   Noah  (1640- 1699),  was  silenced   when  at  the 
University,  and  afterwards  minister  near  York. 

He  was  born  at  Derby ;  and  after  having  been  two 
years  at  the  University  the  Act  of  Uniformity  came  into 
operation,  and  he  returned  to  his  native  place.  He  became 
usher  in  a  school  there,  then  tutor  in  a  gentleman's 
family,  and  on  recovering  from  a  severe  illness  kept  a 
school  at  Ashley.  , 

He  was  ordained  to  the  ministry  at  Sheffield,  the 
testimonial  to  his  ordination  being  signed  by  Mr.  Bur- 
beck,  Mr.  Prime  and  Mr.  John  Wood.  He  then  be- 
came chaplain  to  Sir  John  Wentworth,  into  whose 
family  he  married.  On  Sir  John's  death  his  widow 
(daughter  of  Lady  Norcliff,  of  Langton  Hall),  was 
married  to  Lord  Winchekea,  who  dismissed  him.  He 
removed  to  Little  Askam,  near  York,  where  he  had 
licence  as  a  Presbyteriam  teacher  in  his  own  house 
(June  15th,  1672).  He  also  preached  at  several  other 
places,  and  was  an  itinerant  preacher  all  his  life. 
When  Mr.  Ralph  Ward's  health  began  to  fail  he  con- 
ducted the  services  in  his  congregation  on  every  third 
Sunday,  and  at  the  lecture.  He  frequently  preached  at 
Ellenthorp,  and  Selby;  and  after  Mr.  Ward's  death, 
very  often  at  Healaugh.  His  death  took  place  May 
22nd,  1669,  at  the  age  of  59. 

He  was  sometimes  reduced  to  great  straits,  and 
suffered  much  from  persecution.     He  managed   all  his 


208     YORKSHIRE  P URITA NISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

domestic  affairs  with  great  frugality,  so  that  neither  he 
nor  his  wanted  food  or  raiment,  and  contentment  made 
their  little  enough.  Had  he  not  lived  by  faith  he  had 
died  of  his  discouragements.  He  had  a  deep  sense  of 
the  sins  of  his  times  and  of  the  general  decay  of  piety, 
which  made  "  the  terrors  of  the  Lord  "  usually  fill  up 
the  greater  part  of  his  sermons.  He  studied  not  lan- 
guage, but  plain  convincing  truths.  Almost  his  last 
words  were,  "  God  will  redeem  me  from  the  power  of 
the  grave." 

24.  WARD,  Ralph,  M.A.  (1629-1691),  was  ejected  from  the 
Vicarage  of  Hartburn,  Northumberland,  in  1650,  and 
afterwards  preached  at  York. 

He  was  born  at  Denby,  in  the  parish  of  Penistone, 
Yorks. ;  educated  at  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Cambridge, 
under  the  tuition  of  Mr.  Elias  Pawson ;  and  graduated 
A.B.  1650,  A.M.  1654.  He  attributed  his  conversion  to 
the  ministry  of  Mr.  Samuel  Hammond  (a  native  of  York), 
then  minister  at  St.  Giles's. 

He  began  his  ministry  at  Denby  Chapel ;  and  being 
recommended  by  Mr.  Hammond  (then  settled  at  Bishops 
Wearmouth)  as  chaplain  to  Colonel  Fenwick,  whose 
regiment  remained  in  garrison  at  Leith,  in  Scotland, 
after  the  battle  of  Dunbar,  he  began  to  preach  at  Leith 
in  August,  1651,  and  was  much  respected  there. 

In  the  following  year,  being  on  a  visit  to  friends  in 
Yorkshire,  he  was  persuaded  not  to  return  to  Scotland, 
and  was  fixed  at  Wolsingham,  Durham.  He  was 
ordained  September  14th,  1653,  at  the  Church  of  St. 
John's,  Newcastle;  the  testimonial  whereof  was  as 
follows  : 

"  Forasmuch  as  Mr.  Ralph  Ward  hath  addressed  himself  to  the 
Classical  Presbytery  within  the  town  and  county  of  Newcastle- 
upon-Tyne  (according  to  the  order  of  both  Houses  of  Parliament  of 
August  28th,  1648,  for  the  ordination  of  ministers  by  the  Classical 
Presbytery),  desiring  to  be  ordained  a  Preaching  Presbyter,  for  that 
he  is  called  in  the  work  of  the  ministry  in  Wolsingham  Church  in 
the  county  of  Durham,  and  hath  exhibited  unto  the  Presbytery  a 
sufficient    testimonial    now   remaining    in    their    custody    of    his 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.      209 

compleat  age,  of  his  unblameable  life  and  conversation,  of  his  dili- 
gence and  proficiency  in  his  studies,  and  of  his  fair  and  direct  call 
to  the  forementioned  place  : 

We,  the  ministers  of  the  said  Presbytery,  have  by  appointment 
thereof  examined  him  according  to  the  tenor  of  the  said  ordinance, 
and  finding  him  to  be  duly  qualified  and  gifted  for  that  holy  office 
and  employment  (no  just  exception  being  made  against  his  ordina- 
tion or  admission)  have  approved  him  ;  and  accordingly  in  the  Church 
of  St.  John's,  in  Newcastle,  upon  the  day  and  year  hereafter  ex- 
pressed, have  proceeded  solemnly  to  set  him  apart  to  the  office  of  a 
Preaching  Presbyter  and  work  of  the  ministry  with  fasting  and 
prayer  and  imposition  of  hands  :  And  do  hereby  (so  far  as  con- 
cerneth  us)  actually  admit  him  into  the  said  charge  there  to 
perform  all  the  offices  and  duties  of  a  faithful  minister  of  Jesus 
Christ. 

As  witness  whereof  we  have  hereunto  subscribed  our  names  this 
14th  day  of  September,  An.  Dom.  1653. 

John  Bewick,  Moderator. 
Rd.  Prideaux,  Wm.  Coley, 

Anthony  Lapthorn,         John  Marshe, 
Robt.  Plaisance,  Wm.  Henderson, 

Henry  Lever,  Thomas  Hubbart." 

After  his  settlement  he  visited  both  Oxford  and  Cam- 
bridge, and  commenced  Master  of  Arts  of  both  Universi- 
ties ;  and  returning  to  Wolsingham,  where  he  had  a  bene- 
fice of  about  £150  per  annum,  applied  himself  vigorously 
to  his  work.  He  laboured  hard  on  the  Lord's  days  and 
went  on  the  week  days  from  house  to  house  to  enquire 
after  the  fruit  of  his  pains.  The  poorer  sort  he  invited 
to  his  house  once  or  twice  a  week  to  be  catechised  and 
instructed,  promising  them  victuals  for  their  bodies  if 
they  would  mind  the  good  of  their  souls.  But  to  his 
sorrow  he  found  they  soon  grew  weary ;  and  as  for  those 
of  his  hearers  who  were  in  better  circumstances,  though 
they  carried  it  very  respectfully  to  him,  they  generally 
declined  his  personal  applications. 

On  which  account,  together  with  some  other  difficulties 
he  met  with,  he  readily  accepted  an  invitation  to  the 
sequestered  living  of  Hartburn ;  where  his  encourage- 
ment as  to  income  was  smaller,  but  his  prospect  of 
success  great.  Here  he  did  much  service  in  a  little 
time, 
p 


210     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

At  the  Restoration  the  former  incumbent  came  back  to 
the  living,  and  he  retired  to  Newcastle,  where  he  kept 
school,  having  many  gentlemen's  sons  for  his  scholars. 
He  also  preached  occasionally  for  Mr.   Hammond  and 

Mr.  Durant. 

The  Act  of  Uniformity  silenced  his  preaching,  and 
prevented  him  from  continuing  his  school ;  and  after  a 
brief  retirement  he  became  domestic  chaplain  to  Sir 
John  Hewley,  of  York,  and  continued  in  that  city,  with 
one  interruption,  to  the  end  of  his  life. 

By  the  Five  Mile  Act  he  was  driven  away  for  a  time, 
but  on  returning  he  lived  with  his  own  family,  preaching 
privately  without  disturbance  from  1666  to  1672. 

Under  the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  he  obtained  a 
licence  as  an  Independent  teacher  at  the  house  of  Brian 
Dawson,  in  Ousegate,  York  (June  10th,  1672).  At  the 
same  time  the  house  of  Andrew  Taylor,  in  Micklegate, 
was  licensed  for  an  Independent  meeting  ;  and  the  house 
of  Lady  Watson,  at  Saviour-gate,  for  the  same  purpose. 
Peter  Williams  was  also  licensed  as  a  general  Presby- 
terian preacher  at  his  own  house  at  York  (May  21st), 
and  similarly  James  Calvert  (ejected  at  Topcliffe)  in  his 
own  house. 

He  now  began  his  public  ministry  in  York,  and  soon 
had  as  flourishing  congregation  as  most  in  England. 
Beginning  with  prayer,  reading  the  Scripture  and  ex- 
pounding, he  sung  a  psalm,  prayed  and  preached  and 
concluded  with  prayer.  In  his  expositions  he  finished  the 
whole  Epistles  to  the  Ephesians  and  Colossians,  and  the 
Decalogue.  He  preached  twice  every  Lord's  Day,  and 
had  a  lecture  every  fortnight,  in  which  he  preached  over 
the  Parable  of  the  Ten  Virgins,  the  8th  of  Romans, 
and  14th  chapter  of  St.  John's  Gospel.  He  ad- 
ministered the  Lord's  Supper  every  six  weeks,  on 
which  occasions  he  went  through  great  part  of  Solomon's 
Song.  For  many  years  he  repeated  the  Lord's  Day 
sermons  every  Tuesday  morning.  He  had  days  of 
conference  with  his  people,  and  of  answering  questions 
in  divinity.     He   had   also   set   times   for   philosophical 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR   SILENCED  ELSEWHERE.      211 

disputations  with  some  young  scholars  who  lived  in  the 
city ;  besides  his  diligence  in  catechising  youth  and 
calling  parents  and  masters  to  that  work,  and  visiting 
the  sick  and  resolving  the  doubts  of  many.  He  would 
also  often  go  into  the  country  and  preach  lectures  on  the 
week  days.  All  this  was  in  him  a  labour  of  love,  and 
his  success  much  added  to  his  pleasure  in  it. 

"  The  Devil  would  not  suffer  him,  however,  to  live 
without  disturbance."  Before  the  Indulgence  he  was 
put  into  the  Spiritual  Court  by  the  churchwarden  of  his 
parish,  and  was  excommunicated  for  not  frequenting  the 
church  and  not  receiving  the  sacrament  there.  The 
excommunication  was  renewed  from  year  to  year ;  it 
was  driven  to  a  capias,  which  coming  out  every  term 
either  confined  him  to  his  house  or  obliged  him  to  be 
very  cautious  in  going  forth. 

Toward  the  end  of  the  reign  of  Charles  II.,  when  the 
persecutions  of  nonconformists  reached  its  climax,  he 
suffered  greatly ;  and  he  stood  almost  alone  among  the 
ministers  of  York  in  his  endurance.  Calvert  died  in 
1679  and  Peter  Williams  in  1680,  just  before  the  storm 
fell. 

In  1682  he  was  fined  for  a  conventicle,  once  £20  and  a 
second  time  £40.  When  holding  a  meeting  at  the  house  of 
Mrs.  Rokeby,  in  Micklegate  Without,  on  Sunday  morning 
at  9  o'clock,  the  place  was  surprised  by  a  magistrate  and 
constables,  the  names  of  32  persons  were  taken  down  as 
being  present,  along  with  divers  others,  and  an  informa- 
tion was  laid  against  them  for  holding  a  tumultuous 
meeting.  Some  of  them,  it  was  reported,  "they  found 
in  lofts  above  the  garretts,  and  Mr.  Ward  and  Mr.  Taylor 
in  a  closett  locked  up,  and  the  rest  in  several  rooms." 
Bail  was  given  for  their  appearance  at  the  Assizes  ;  when 
they  were  tried  before  the  infamous  Judge  Jeffreys,  who 
came  at  this  time  on  the  Northern  Circuit  (June  22nd, 
1684) ■.  In  a  manuscript  written  at  the  time  and  still 
preserved,  it  is  recorded  :  "  Mr.  Ward  and  Mr.  Taylor  and 
twelve  more  are  committed,  called  rogues,  traitors, 
whiggs,  &c,  by  the  Chief  Justice ;    he  tells  them   the 


212     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

King's  pleasure  is  to  root  out  all  phanaticks  through  the 
land."  Mr.  Ward,  it  is  said,  behaved  himself  before  him 
with  great  sedateness  and  prudence.  (John  Hall's 
MSS.) 

For  the  so-called  Riot  he  was  fined  £50  and  left  a 
prisoner.  A  capias  was  also  served  upon  him  in  open 
Court  by  the  Ecclesiastical  officers.  A  Mittimus  was 
afterwards  sent  to  the  gaoler  from  the  Sheriffs  of  the  city 
to  detain  him  upon  the  account  of  £20  fines  due  to  the 
Exchequer  for  not  rendering  his  body  within  six  days 
after  Proclamation,  though  neither  the  Bishop's  signifi- 
cavit  nor  the  King's  writ  gave  any  addition  to  his  name, 
the  omission  of  which  rendered  them  informal. 

He  and  Mr.  Taylor,  "  that  public-spirited  merchant 
who  opened  his  doors  for  private  meetings  in  the  straitest 
times,"  were  confined  in  the  prison  on  Ousebridge,  "the 
cells  of  which  would  almost  have  rivalled  the  notorious 
Black  Hole  of  Calcutta ;  air,  light,  and  ventilation  were 
absent,  and  the  waters  of  the  river  rushed  in  when  they 
were  above  their  usual  level"  (Canon  Raine).  They 
petitioned  the  Judge  at  the  next  Assize,  but  in  vain. 
Mr.  Ward,  however,  was  not  hindered  from  preaching  on 
the  Lord's  day  to  many  who  went  out  of  the  city  to  hear 
him,  which  alleviated  his  bonds. 

Charles  II.  died  February  6th,  1685,  when  they  had 
been  more  than  six  months  in  the  hold  on  Ousebridge. 
After  the  ascension  of  James  II.  Mr.  Taylor  was  set  at 
liberty  by  the  King's  special  order,  without  paying  any 
fine  to  the  King  or  Ecclesiastical  Court,  having  been 
illegally  prosecuted.  The  date  of  this  release  is  uncertain, 
as  Heywood  visited  Taylor  and  Ward  in  Ousebridge 
gaol  on  December  24th,  1685,  after  his  own  twelve 
months'  confinement  in  York  Castle. 

But  the  great  charges  the  Court  alleged  they  had  been 
at  kept  Mr.  Ward  still  prisoner.  At  length,  however, 
the  matter  was  compromised,  so  that  upon  paying  £40, 
they  gave  him  his  absolution  March  8th,  1685-6,  and 
he  received  his  quietus  out  of  the  Exchequer  in  June, 
1686,  exactly  two  years  after  his  committal  to  prison. 


MINISTERS  EJECTED   OR   SILENCED   ELSEWHERE.     213 

On  being  released  from  his  imprisonment  he  returned 
to  his  work  with  the  same  sincerity  and  desires  to  do 
good,  but  not  with  the  same  strength  of  body.  His  long 
confinement  had  impaired  his  health,  and  he  found  it 
necessary  to  obtain  the  assistance  of  Mr.  Noah  Ward  in 
his  public  services  every  third  Sunday. 

He  suffered  much  from  asthma,  and  his  strength  rapidly 
declined.  He  met  death  "  neither  with  the  insensibility 
of  a  Stoic  nor  with  the  carelessness  and  heat  of  a  Roman, 
but  with  the  reverential  fear  and  tried  faith  of  a  Christian." 
He  told  a  pious  lady  by  whom  he  had  been  much  respected, 
when  she  came  to  pay  her  last  visit  to  him,  "  I  hope  I 
can  say  that  in  simplicity  and  godly  sincerity,  not  with 
fleshly  wisdom,  but  by  the  grace  of  God,  I  have  had  my 
conversation  in  the  world."  He  finished  his  course 
March  13th,  1691,  aged  62. 

"  He  was  a  very  thinking  person  and  one  of  a  solid 
and  discerning  judgment,  but  was  not  lavish  of  his  words. 
He  was  a  substantial  divine,  well  acquainted  with 
systematical,  polemical,  and  casuistical  divinity,  and 
particularly  with  the  Popish,  Arminian,  and  Socinian 
controversies. 

"  He  was  of  a  bold  spirit  and  undaunted  in  his  work, 
and  he  had  prudence  and  meekness  to  govern  his  courage, 
that  while  it  kept  him  true  to  his  own  conscience  made 
him  not  justly  offensive  to  others.  He  was  eminently 
pious;  all  his  sermons  were  preached  over  twice,  first 
to  himself  and  then  to  others. 

"  His  motto  was  Vive  ut  vivas. 

"  He  was  much  in  prayer,  was  not  afraid  of  his  own 
company,  was  delighted  with  soliloquies,  and  kept  his 
heart  with  all  diligence.  He  was  excellent  in  all  relations. 
His  family  was  a  well-ordered  church,  and  his  friendship 
was  safe,  edifying,  and  honourable.  In  a  word  all  the 
worthy  characters  of  a  Gospel  minister  met  in  him  He 
deserved  quite  other  treatment  than  he  met  with  from 
an  unkind  world,  but  his  reward  is  above."  A  long  letter 
written  by  him  to  his  people  during  his  enforced  absence 
from  them  is  printed  in  Palmer  III.  70. 


214     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

25.  WHEAT,   Jeremiah    (  -1667),   was   silenced  in 

Derbyshire. 
He  was  preaching  in  Derbyshire,  but  in  no  fixed  living, 
when  the  Act  of  Uniformity  passed ;  and  became  chaplain 
to  Sir  John  Bright,  of  Badsworth,  Yorks.  He  was  a 
good  scholar  and  an  eminently  pious  man.  He  died 
most  happily  in  the  Lord  about  the  year  1667. 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    215 


III. 

MINISTERS    BORN    IN    YORKSHIRE,    AND 
EJECTED    OR    SILENCED    ELSEWHERE. 

1.  BAYES,    Samuel,    a   native   of  Yorkshire,   was    ejected 

from  the  Vicarage  of  Grendon,  Northamptonshire. 

He  was  educated  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
ejected  in  Derbyshire  at  the  Restoration  ;  and  at 
Grendon  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity.  He  afterwards 
lived  privately  at  Manchester  and  there  died. 

His  son,  Joshua  Bayes  (1671-1746),  was  a  pupil  of 
Frankland  and  an  eminent  nonconformist  minister  in 
London.  He  was  ordained,  with  Calamy  and  several 
others,  at  Little  St.  Helen's  in  1604  (Palmer  III.  49). 

He  was  minister  at  Leather  Lane  1723,  lecturer  at 
Salters'  Hall  1732,  and  completed  Epistle  to  the  Galatians 
in  Matthew  Henry's  unfinished  Commentary. 

2.  CLARKSON,  David,  B.D.  (1622-1686),  was  a  native  of 

Bradford,  and  ejected  from  the   Curacy  of  Mortlake, 
Surrey. 

He  was  son  of  Robert  Clarkson,  who  resided  at 
Fairgap  (a  small  street  which  begins  at  the  east  side 
of  the  Pack  Horse  Inn),  in  Westgate,  Bradford.  The 
Manor  of  Bradford  was  conveyed  by  the  Corporation  of 
London  to  John  Okell,  vicar ;  William  Lister,  of  Man- 
ningham,  gentleman  ;  Robert  Clarkson  and  Joshua  Cooke, 
of  Bradford,  yeomen.  Robert  Clarkson  had  three 
children,  viz.  (1)  William,  rector  of  Adel,  near  Leeds, 
who  died  1660,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  nephew, 
Thomas  Sharp,  M.A.,  who  was  ejected  there  in  1660 ; 
(2)  Mary,  who  was  married  to  John  Sharp,  of  Little 
Horton,    a    noted    Parliamentarian,    and    became    the 


216     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

_____ ■> 

mother  of  Thomas  Sharp  before  mentioned,  and 
Abraham  Sharp,  the  mathematician ;  and  (3)  David 
Clarkson,  who  was  born  in  February,  1622,  and  baptized 
March  3rd  of  the  same  year. 

Having  received  his  early  education  at  the  Bradford 
Grammar  School,  he  entered  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge, 
in  1640.  On  returning  home  to  visit  his  parents  in 
June,  1642,  he  was  shut  up  there  during  the  siege  by 
the  Earl  of  Newcastle,  and  having  with  his  brother- 
in-law,  John  Sharp,  assisted  Sir  Thomas  Fairfax  and 
his  men  in  breaking  through  the  enemy's  leaguer,  was 
beaten  back  and  afterwards  taken  prisoner.  Joseph 
Lister,  an  apprentice  of  Sharp,  in  his  Autobiography 
gives  an  amusing  account  of  how  Clarkson  was  cap- 
tured. But  he  was  soon  afterwards  released  and 
returned  to  college,  and  commenced  B.A.,  1644;  M.A., 
1648. 

In  consequence  of  the  opposition  of  the  University  to 
the  Parliament,  about  200  masters  and  fellows  of  the 
colleges  were  expelled  (February  24th,  1644).  Among 
the  seven  fellows  of  Clare  Hall,  Dr.  Gunning  was  re- 
moved, and  Clarkson  was  appointed  to  his  place  May 
5th,  1645,  by  warrant  of  the  Earl  of  Manchester,  and 
approved  by  the  Westminster  Assembly  of  Divines; 
the  eminent  Ralph  Cudworth  being  the  new  master. 
There  were  at  this  time  two  brothers,  collegians  at 
Clare  Hall,  Henry  and  Francis  Holcroft,  sons  of  Sir 
Henry  Holcroft,  Knight,  of  West  Ham,  Essex,  with 
whom  Clarkson  was  on  intimate  terms,  and  whose 
sister  Elizabeth  he  subsequently  married  (165 1).  In 
April  29th,  1647,  being  tutor  of  the  college,  he  received 
as  his  pupil  John  Tillotson,  of  Sowerby  (afterwards 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury);  who  succeeded  him  on  his 
resignation  of  the  fellowship  about  November,  1651,  and 
to  whose  care  he  consigned  the  tuition  of  his  nephew, 
Thomas  Sharp  and  other  scholars. 

He  was  appointed  to  the  curacy  of  Mortlake  in  1655, 
and  continued  there  for  many  years.  In  1661  he  preached 
at  "  the  morning  exercises  "  held  in  St.  Giles's  Church, 


'To  face  fage  216. 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    217 

Cripplegate.  After  his  ejection  he  gave  himself  up  to 
reading  and  meditation,  shifting  from  one  place  to 
another,  wherever  quiet  and  obscurity  might  be  found, 
till  the  times  suffered  him  to  appear  openly.  He  often 
preached  at  private  meetings  in  association  with  Richard 
Byfield,  M.A.,  Edmund  Moore,  M.A.,  and  Robert  Park. 

When  the  Declaration  of  Indulgence  was  issued  he 
wrote  to  Matthew  Shepherd,  in  Clement's  Lane,  requesting 
him  to  apply  for  a  licence  for  a  meeting-house,  stating 
"  the  house  belongs  to  John  Beamish,  in  Mortlake, 
Surrey,  and  it  is  much  desired  the  house  may  be  for  the 
use  of  such  who  are  of  the  persuasion  both  Presbyterian 
and  Independent,  for  the  meeting  consists  of  both,  as 
you  know,  and  both  are  at  the  charge ;  and  to  appro- 
priate it  to  either  will  be  accounted  a  prejudice  to  the 
others"  (April  25th,  1672). 

He  took  an  active  part  in  the  religious  controversies 
of  the  times,  and  in  the  fourth  series  of  "  Morning 
Exercises." 

He  was  chosen  co-pastor  with  Dr.  Owen  at  Leadenhall 
Street  in  July,  1682,  in  whom  he  found  a  congenial  friend  ; 
and  on  the  death  of  Owen,  August  24th  1683,  he 
preached  his  funeral  sermon  from  Phil.  iii.  21.  He 
himself  died  June  4th,  1686,  and  his  funeral  sermon  was 
preached  by  Dr.  Bates,  who  pronounced  a  fine  eulogium 
on  his  character.  Howe  said  of  him  :  "  He  lived  here  as 
one  who  was  more  akin  to  that  other  world  than  this ; 
and  who  had  no  other  business  here  but  to  help  in 
making  it  better ;  "  and  Baxter  wrote  :  "  He  was  a  divine 
of  extraordinary  worth  for  solid  judgment,  healing, 
moderate  principles,  acquaintance  with  the  fathers,  great 
ministerial  abilities,  and  a  godly  upright  life." 

By  his  will,  dated  June  13th  (the  day  before  his  death) , 
and  witnessed  by  Henry  Sampson  and  Edward  Hulse, 
he  gave  his  "land  that  is  at  Idele  (Idle)  and  Eshall 
(Esholt)  "  to  his  wife,  and  after  her  death  the  proceeds 
derived  from  the  sale  thereof  to  be  equally  divided 
among  his  children,  &c,  of  whom  there  were  five,  viz. 
(1)  Rebecca,  the  wife  of  Mr.  Combe ;  (2)  Matthew,  who 


218     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


went  to  America  about  1689  and  died  there  in  1702 ;  (3) 
Robert ;  (4)  Gertrude  and  (5)  Catherine,  both  of  whom 
remained  unmarried.  His  widow  survived  him  about 
fifteen  years. 

His  works  were  very  numerous,  the  principal  are  as 
follows : 

1676.  "  The  Practical  Divinity  of  the  Romanists  discovered  to 
be  Destructive  of  Christianity  and  Men's  Souls." 

1681.  "  No   Evidence  for   Diocesan   Churches,   or  any   Bishops 

without  the  Choice  and  Consent  of  the  People    in  the 
Primitive  Times  ;  in  answer  to  Dr.  Stillingfleet." 

1682.  M  Diocesan  Churches  not  yet  discovered  in  the  Primitive 

Times." 
The  following  are  Posthumous  : 
11  Primitive  Episcopacy  "  (1688). 
"  A  Discourse  Concerning  Liturgies"  (1689). 
"  Sermons  (31)  (1696),  with  Portrait." 
"  Select  Works  of  the    Reverend   and  learned  David 
Clarkson  "   were  published    by   the  Wycliffe  Society  in 
1846 ;    and   three  volumes  of  his  Practical  Works  are 
included  in  Nichol's  "Series  of  Puritan  Divines,"  1864. 
His  portrait,  by  White,  is  in  Hailstone's  Collection. 

3.  CROMWELL,  John,  M.A.,  was  born  at  Barmby  Moor, 
near  Pocklington,  and  after  his  ejection  at  Clayworth, 
Notts.,  returned  to  his  native  place. 

He  was  educated  at  Magdalen  College,  Cambridge, 
where  he  was  very  studious  and  serious.  He  commenced 
B.A.  1652,  M.A.  1656,  and  was  ordained  by  his  uncle, 
James  Fisher,  of  Sheffield,  in  1657.  He  was  a  tall,  comely 
person,  of  a  robust  constitution,  a  very  popular  preacher, 
and  in  principle  a  Congregationalist. 

After  his  ejection  he  was  imprisoned  with  many  others 
at  Newark  on  account  of  what  was  called  the  Yorkshire 
Plot  (Farnley  Wood,  1663) ;  but  nothing  appeared 
against  him  except  that  his  name  was  Cromwell.  He 
remained  some  years  in  prison  without  a  trial,  and  as 
a  consequence  his  health  became  seriously  affected.  In 
1672  he  preached  at  Norwich,  but  was  much  persecuted 
there.     He  then  removed  for  a  change  of  air  to  his  native 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    219 

place,  where  he  had  a  good  estate,  but  it  was  too  late  for 
him  to  receive  any  benefit  therefrom  ;  and  he  there  found 
a  place  "where  the  wicked  cease  from  troubling  and  the 
weary  are  at  rest."  He  died  in  April,  1685.  Several  of 
his  sermons  were  published :  (1)  Discourse  of  Spiritual 
Blessings  ;  (2)  Four  Sermons  on  Eph.  i.  3  ;  (3)  On  God's 
Owning  the  Least  Degrees  of  Grace ;  (4)  Two  Sermons 
on  Amos  ix.  10. 

[In  the  account  given  of  Martha  Hatfield,  of  Laughton- 
en-le-Morthen,  it  is  said  that  her  speeches  were  taken 
down  by  a  scholar,  by  name  Master  John  Cromwell,  one 
related  to  Master  Hatfield's  family.] 

4.  DRAKE,  Michael,  was  born  at  Pikeley,  near  Allerton,  in 
the  parish  of  Bradford,  and  ejected  at  Pickworth, 
Lincolnshire. 

He  was  son  of  John  Drake,  of  Pikeley ;  educated  at  a 
private  school  at  Halifax,  Mr.  Maude,  master ;  admitted 
to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  November  26th,  1639, 
aet.  17  (having  been  half  a  year  at  Magdalen  College, 
Cambridge,  to  which  he  was  admitted  in  June) ;  succeeded 
Mr.  Abdy  at  Lincoln,  where  he  was  many  years  a 
laborious  preacher ;  presented  to  the  rectory  of  Pick- 
worth  by  Sir  William  Armyn  about  1645,  where  he 
succeeded  Mr.  Weld  (who  was  subsequently  ejected  from 
Bildeston,  Suffolk),  and  was  a  faithful  pastor.  While 
here  he  was  one  of  the  Tuesday  lecturers  at  Grantham. 

Some  months  before  Bartholomew's  Day  he  removed 
from  Pickworth,  and  resided  at  Fulbeck,  two  miles  from 
Lincoln ;  where  Sir  Francis  Fane,  Knight  of  the  Bath, 
a  Royalist,  treated  him  in  his  poverty  with  great 
respect.  Whilst  residing  here  he  occasionally  preached 
in  the  house  of  John  Disney,  Esq.,  in  the  parish  of  St. 
Peter's  at  Gowts,  Lincoln,  and  in  1672  removed  to 
Lincoln  and  ministered  regularly  to  a  congregation,which, 
however,  could  raise  for  him  only  £15  per  annum. 

In  the  time  of  the  Monmouth  rebellion  (1685)  he  was 
apprehended  for  supposed  complicity  therein,  along  with 
Mr.   Wright,    of   Lessingham,    and    Mr.    Brittaine,    of 


220     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Brocklesbury,  Lines.,  and  committed  to  Grantham  gaol. 
They  were  to  be  sent  to  Hull,  but  on  Monmouth's  defeat 
they  were  released.  He  was  a  man  of  excellent  character 
and  a  good  preacher.  None  could  say  a  word  against  him. 
His  son  Joshua  was  presented  in  1692,  by  Daniel 
Disney,  Esq.,  to  the  vicarage  of  Swinderby,  and  was 
succeeded  by  his  son  Joshua,  who  died  there  in  1765. 

5.  GRANDORGE,  Isaac,  M.A.  (1630-        ),  was  a  native  of 

Mart  on  in   Craven,   and   ejected  from  the   Rectory  of 
Burbrook,  Essex,  in  1660. 

He  was  son  of  Christopher  Grandorge,  of  Marton  in 
Craven ;  he  was  educated  at  Giggleswick  School,  under 
Mr.  Lucas,  admitted  to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
sizar  (tutor  and  surety,  Mr.  Winterburn),  May  26th, 
1646,  aet.  16. 

He  was  put  into  the  sequestered  rectory  of  Burbrook, 
and  at  the  Restoration  gave  way  to  the  former  incumbent. 
After  his  ejection  he  lived  at  Black  Notley.  He  was  an 
excellent  man  and  a  great  scholar ;  a  very  prudent 
person  and  a  judicious  preacher. 

6.  GREENWOOD,  Daniel,  D.D.  (1605  ?-i673),  was  a  native 

of  Sowerby,  Halifax,  and  ejected  from  the  Principalship 
of  Brazenose  College,  Oxford,  in  1660. 

He  was  son  of  Richard  Greenwood,  of  Sowerby,  where 
he  was  born,  and  brother  of  John  Greenwood,  of 
Redbrink  (see  Roote).  He  was  admitted  to  Lincoln 
College,  Oxford  ;  matriculated  April  30th,  1624,  set.  19, 
B.A.  January  26th,  1626-7 ;  fellow  of  Brazenose  College, 
M.A.  June  19th,  1629,  B.D.  1640,  rector  of  Chestleton, 
Oxfordshire,  1640-2,  D.D.  July  24th  1649;  Principal  of 
the  College  1648-60,  on  the  resignation  of  Dr.  Reynolds, 
appointed  Vice-Chancellor  of  the  University,  October 
5th,  1650,  and  after  two  years  removed  by  Cromwell  for 
his  disaffection  to  the  Government  and  replaced  by 
Dr.  John  Owen  (who  continued  till  1657).  He  was  a 
strong  Presbyterian,  a  profound  scholar  and  divine,  a 
severe  and  good  governor. 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    221 

After  his  ejection  at  the  Restoration  he  lived  privately, 
and,  in  the  latter  part  of  his  life,  with  his  nephew,  Daniel 
Greenwood  (son  of  John  Greenwood,  M.A.,  of  Sowerby), 
rector  of  Steeple  Aston,  Oxfordshire  (1653),  who 
conformed  and  died  there  January  29th,  1673,  aged  71 
(?  68).     His  son  died  in  1679. 

7.  HAMMOND  Samuel,  D.D.  (  -1665),  was  a  native  of 

York,  and  ejected  from  the  Lectureship  of  St.  Nicholas, 
Newcastle,  in  1660. 

"  He  was  a  butcher's  son  of  York,  but  raised  the 
meanness  of  his  birth  by  the  eminence  of  his  quali- 
fications." He  was  educated  at  King's  College, 
Cambridge,  where  he  was  servitor  to  Dr.  S.  Collins, 
Regius  Professor  of  Divinity.  By  the  interest  of  the 
Earl  of  Manchester  he  obtained  a  Fellowship  of 
Magdalen  College,  and  was  a  happy  instrument  in 
reforming  and  raising  that  society.  He  had  many 
pupils,  several  of  whom  were  afterwards  of  great  repute, 
both  in  Church  and  State.  He  was  very  popular  as  a 
preacher  at  St.  Giles's  Church,  and  his  ministry  was  the 
means  of  the  conversion  of  some  hundreds  of  scholars. 
It  was  generally  allowed  that  there  was  not  a  more 
successful  minister  at  Cambridge  since  the  time  of 
Mr.  Perkins. 

Sir  Arthur  Haselrigge  engaged  him  as  his  chaplain 
when  he  went  into  the  North.  He  became  minister  at 
Bishopswearmouth,  1645.  Thence  he  was  invited  to 
Dr.  Jenison's  church  at  St.  Nicholas,  Newcastle, 
1652-60,  to  assist  him  when  disabled,  with  a  view  to 
his  succeeding  him,  but  he  continued  only  lecturer  till 
the  Restoration.  On  November  6th,  1652,  there  was  an 
order  of  the  Common  Council  to  appoint  Mr.  Hammond 
to  preach  at  St.  Nicholas  on  Sunday  forenoon,  and  to 
lecture  on  Thursdays,  with  a  salary  of  £150.  He  was 
also  appointed  Master  of  St.  Mary  Magdalene's  Hospital, 
February  24th,  1653.  A.  Barnes  mentions  him  as 
colleague  with  Mr.  Weld  at  Gateshead. 

It  is  said  that  at  the  Restoration,  when  questioned  by 


222     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Bishop  Cosins  about  his  orders,  he  had  nothing  to  plead 
but  a  University  or  College  licence.  On  his  ejection  he 
was  invited  by  a  society  of  merchants  to  be  their 
preacher  at  Hamburgh;  but  their  charter  being  nearly 
expired  the  Lord  Chancellor  Hyde  (afterwards  Lord 
Clarendon)  would  by  no  means  renew  it  until  the 
dismission  of  Mr.  Hammond,  who  would  not  use  the 
rites  and  ceremonies  of  the  Church  of  England.  He 
then  removed  to  Stockholm,  in  Sweden,  where  one  Mr. 
Cutler,  a  merchant  from  London,  was  very  kind  to  him ; 
and  thence  he  went  to  Dantzick  for  a  few  months, 
returning  to  England  in  1665.  He  resided  at  Hackney 
among  some  merchants  with  whom  he  had  been  abroad, 
and  preached  occasionally  in  his  own  and  other  families. 
He  was  buried  there  December  10th,  1665.  He  was  one 
of  the  most  learned  men  and  best  preachers  in  the 
North.  He  was  also  highly  esteemed  by  the  foreigners 
with  whom  he  conversed  in  his  travels. 

He  had  a  hand  with  other  ministers  in : 

"  The  False  Jew  of  Newcastle,"  i.e.  an  exposure  of  the 
impostor  Thomas  Ramsay ;  1654. 

As  also  in  : 

"  The  Perfect  Pharisee  under  Monkish  Holiness,  &c.," 
against  the  Quakers. 

An  Epistle  before  a  Book  of  Examples  against 
Swearing. 

A  MS.  letter  from  Stockholm,  which  has  something 
of  the  spirit  and  style  of  the  Martyrs. 

3.  HARRISON,  Thomas,  D.D.  (1619-1682),  was  a  native  of 
Hull,  and  ejected  from  Chester  Cathedral. 

While  a  youth  his  parents  removed  to  America,  where 
he  was  educated  for  the  ministry.  He  became  chaplain 
to  the  Governor  of  Virginia,  who  was  an  enemy  to  the 
Puritans ;  and  being  led  to  adopt  Puritan  sentiments 
Harrison  was  dismissed  and  returned  to  England  after 
1642.  He  was  very  popular  as  a  preacher  in  London, 
and  succeeded  Dr.  Goodwin  as  pastor  of  his  "  gathered 
church "   at   St.  Dunstan's  in  the  East,   in  1650.     He 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    223 

afterwards  went  to  reside  at  Brombrough  Hall,  in 
Wirral,  Cheshire;  in  1657  he  accompanied  Henry 
Cromwell  to  Ireland,  and  preached  for  a  while  at 
Christ's  Church,  Dublin,  1657.  He  had  the  degree  of 
D.D.  conferred  upon  him  by  the  Provost  and  Fellows  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin.  Returning  with  Henry 
Cromwell,  he  became  minister  at  Chester  Cathedral, 
and  preached  there  till  ejected  at  the  Restoration;  and 
was  silenced  by  the  Bartholomew  Act. 

Under  the  Conventicle  and  Five  Mile  Act  he  was 
fined  and  imprisoned. 

Jolly's  Note  Book,  under  date  1665,  July  3rd,  says  a 
conventicle  was  discovered  in  the  house  of  Dr.  Thomas 
Harrison,  consisting  of  100  persons.  The  house  was 
broken  open,  many  of  the  people  escaped,  but  thirty  or 
forty  were  found  hidden  in  closets  and  under  the  beds. 
Being  arrested  they  were  brought  before  the  Mayor,  all 
fined,  and  most  of  them  paid  the  fine  to  escape 
imprisonment. 

In  1670  he  again  went  to  Dublin,  became  minister  of  a 
flourishing  congregation  which  met  in  Cook  Street,  and 
died  in  that  city  in  1682.  Daniel  Burgess,  writing 
August  30th,  1675,  referred  to  him  as  "  my  thrice  dearest 
Dr.  Thomas  Harrison,  whose  life  and  labours  continue 
to  Dublin "  (Dedication  of  Funeral  Sermon  for  Rev. 
Noah  Webb,  p.  xlvi.). 

He  published  "  Topica  Sacra,  Spiritual  Logick,"  1658. 
Second  part  added  by  John  Hunter,  of  Ayr,  1712. 

9.  HICKES,  John  (1633- 1685),  was  a  native  of  Kirby  Wiske. 

He  was  eldest  son  of  William  Hicks,  of  Newsam,  in 
Kirby  Wiske,  near  Thirsk,  and  Elizabeth  Kay,  of 
Topcliffe ;  and  born  at  Moorhouse,  Kirby  Wiske,  in  1633. 
(Dr.  George  Hicks,  the  nonjuror,  frequently  called  his 
brother,  was  born  at  Newsam,  June  20th,  1642,  being  a 
younger  son  of  Ralph  Hicks,  M.D.,  who  died  April  5th, 
1711.)  He  was  educated  at  Northallerton  Grammar 
School  and  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  of  which  he  was 
admitted  fellow. 


224     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

On  his  ejectment  from  Stoke  Damerell,  Devonshire, 
he  went  to  Saltash,  and  thence  to  Kingsbridge,  where 
his  meeting  was  much  harassed.  In  1671  he  published 
a  pamphlet  entitled,  "  A  sad  narrative  of  the  oppression 
of  many  honest  people  in  Devon,  &c."  Being  a  man  of 
great  physical  strength  and  courage  he  chastised  several 
persons  who  came  to  arrest  him.  He  is  said  to  have 
presented  a  petition  on  behalf  of  nonconformists  to 
Charles  II.,  who  received  it  in  person,  and  shewed  him 
some  tokens  of  favour.  He  had  licence  in  1672,  and 
afterwards  removed  to  Portsmouth.  He  was  unfor- 
tunately drawn  into  the  army  of  the  Duke  of  Monmouth 
in  1685.  Escaping  from  Sedgmoor  he  found  refuge  with 
Mrs.  Alice  Lisle,  who,  for  her  hospitality  towards  him 
and  others,  was  sentenced  to  death  by  Judge  Jeffreys ; 
and  he  himself  was  hanged  at  Glastonbury.* 

10.  HILL,  Joseph,  B.D.  (1625-1707),  was  born  at  Bramley, 
near  Leeds. 

He  was  the  son  of  Joshua  Hillt,  who  died  when  he  was 
about  seven  years  old,  and  nephew  of  Edward  Hill ;  was 
educated  first  at  Pocklington,  under  Mr.  Sedgwick,  for 
one  year,  and  admitted  to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
pensioner  August  20th,  1646.  He  had  Sir  Edward 
Bernard  as  his  chamber- fellow,  till  Bachelor  of  Arts,  and 
was  chosen  thence  by  Dr.  Rainbow  (afterwards  Bishop 
of  Carlisle)  and  the  fellows  of  Magdalen  College ;  com- 
menced Master  of  Arts  in  1649.  As  Fellow  of  Magdalen 
he  bred  several  pupils  who  became  very  useful  men.  He 
was  chosen  Senior  Proctor  of  the  University  in  1659 
(and  his  conduct  in  that  office  for  the  suppressing  all 
open  immoralities,  shewed  him  to  be  worthy  of  the 
honour),  and  to  answer  the  Act  in  the  public  commence- 
ment for  Bachelor  of  Divinity  in  1660. 

*  Walker  says  that  Stangrave,  E.  Riding,  was  usurped  by  one  Hicks,  a 
great  enthusiast :  "  a  man  in  grey  clothes  preaching  in  the  pulpit." 

f  Joshua  Hill  was  sometime  lecturer  at  Leeds  under  Mr.  Alex.  Cook. 
He  was  cited  before  the  Archbishop's  Court  for  not  wearing  the  surplice, 
and  other  acts  of  nonconformity,  but  died  a  few  hours  before  he  should 
have  appeared,  1632. 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    225 

Calamy  says  that  "  in  1660  he  kept  the  B.D.'s  Act  at  a 
public  commencement,  and  having  declared  his  judgment 
against  conforming,  the  collegians  cut  his  name  out  of 
their  books,  in  kindness  to  him  that  he  might  avoid 
trouble." 

He  retired  to  London  and  preached  for  a  little  while 
at  All  Hallows,  Barking.  "  In  1662,"  he  says,  "  I  went 
beyond  sea ;  and  for  five  or  six  years  travelled  and  saw 
many  of  the  foreign  Universities,  and  then  stayed  at 
Leyden ;  and  considering  the  dissensions  in  England 
about  Church  government,  &c,  resolved  to  settle  beyond 
sea  that  I  might  be  quiet;  where  I  married  Mr.  Richard 
Maden's  daughter,  born  in  London,  and  then  living  with 
her  father,  minister  of  the  English  church  in  Amsterdam 
(who  left  England  in  those  troublous  times,  1643,  and 
was  presently  called  to  the  English  church  at  Utrecht, 
and  thence  to  Amsterdam,  where  he  died),  being  chosen 
to  the  church  at  Middelburg,*  where  I  continued  seven 
years ;  till  writing  for  the  English  against  the  French  in 
"  The  Interest  of  the  United  Provinces,  being  a  Defence 
of  the  Zealander's  choice,"  I  was  banished  durante  hello 
by  a  Frenchified  party  in  the  States,  1674." 

Whereupon  he  came  to  England,  and  waiting  on 
Charles  II.  he,  as  a  reward  for  writing  that  book,  gave 
him  a  sinecure  worth  above  £80  per  annum,  and  offered 
him  a  bishopric  if  he  would  conform.  But  being 
altogether  dissatisfied  with  the  terms  of  conforming  he 
declined,  and  was  "  called  by  the  States  of  Holland  and 
the  city  of  Rotterdam  at  the  election  of  the  English 
Church  there,  which  he  accepted  and  went  to  in  1679." 
He  died  there  November  5th,  1707,  aged  83. 

He  was  an  acceptable  and  edifying  preacher  from  his 
first  entering  the  ministry.  He  had  laid  in  a  consider- 
able stock  of  useful  learning,  and  had  an  excellent  way  of 
employing  it.  Few  persons  had  a  more  plain  and 
intelligible  method  of  preaching.  He  was  peculiarly 
happy  in  a  very  short  but  satisfactory   opening  of  his 


*It  was  the  Scottish  Church,  where  he  was  from  1667  to  1673. 
Q 


2 26     YORKSHIRE  P URITA NISM  A ND  EA RL Y  NONCONFORMITY. 

text;  and  was  always  very  methodical  in  handling  his 
subject.  His  sermons  were  well  adapted  to  profit  his 
hearers;  and  those  who  were  most  intimate  with  him 
could  plainly  see  in  him  when  out  of  the  pulpit  a  no  less 
tender  concern  for  souls  than  when  he  was  in  it.  The 
unprofitableness  of  his  people,  under  the  means  of  grace, 
and  the  unsuitableness  of  their  lives  to  their  profession, 
were  his  most  sensible  grief.  He  was  so  addicted  to 
study  that  the  infirmities  of  age  did  not  divert  him  from 
spending  many  hours  in  a  day  among  his  books,  of  which 
he  had  a  large  and  valuable  collection. 

He  gave  a  library  to  the  Free  School  at  Leeds,  and 
wrote  numerous  works,  of  which  the  following  were  the 
chief : 

Dissertation  on  the  Antiquity  of  Temples. 

Dissertation  on  Artificial  Churches. 

A  Sermon  on  Sudden  Death. 

Sermon  in  Morning  Exercises  on  Meditation. 

He  also  published  a  neat  edition  of  Schrevelius's 
Greek  Lexicon. 

"The  revision  of  Dr.  Lightfoot's  Works  that  were 
translated  out  of  English  into  Latin  and  printed  at 
Rotterdam  by  R.  Leers  cost  me  two  years'  time  at 
spare  hours.  .  .  .  those  I  have  published  are  not  the  half 
I  have  to  publish  if  the  Lord  spare  my  life  and  health  " 
(Letter  to  Thoresby,  dated  London,  September  30th, 
1696,  Corr.  I.  252). 

11.  HOYLE,  Nathaniel,  M.A.,  B.D.,  was  born  at  Sowevby, 
near  Halifax. 

He  was  probably  brother  of  Joshua  Hoyle,  D.D., 
sometime  of  Magdalen  Hall,  fellow  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin,  1609,  who  returned  to  England  in  1641,  and 
became  vicar  of  Stepney,  was  member  of  the  Assembly 
of  Divines,  Master  of  University  College,  Oxford,  and 
regius  professor  of  divinity,  1648,  and  died  in  1654. 

Nathaniel  was  educated  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin, 
B.A.,  Fellow  1631,  M.A.  1635;  went  to  Oxford  and  held 


HENRY  JESSEY,  M.A. 


Tfrjace  page  227. 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    227 

a   fellowship   in    Brazenose    College,    1648-9,   when    he 
returned  to  Dublin  and  became  Vice-Provost. 

At  the  Restoration  he  lost  his  fellowship  ;  signed,  on 
December  31st,  1661,  a  Testimonial  to  Edward  Veal, 
M.A.,  a  nonconformist,  as  "  Nathaniel  Hoyle,  late 
minister  of  Donobrookand  late  Fellow  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin."  He  is  mentioned  by  Heywood  among 
"  Preachers  or  Scholars  bred  up  in  the  University, 
born  in  this  vicarage  of  Halifax,"  as  living  in  Ireland,  "a 
nonconformist,  since  dead." 

12.  HOMES,   John  (1635-         ),  was  born  at  Achlam,  near 

York,  and  ejected  at  Heaton  (Haughton),  Northumber- 
land, in  1660. 

He  was  son  of  Robert  Humes,  of  Crathorne,  and  born 
at  Acklam ;  educated  at  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
admitted  June  12th,  1651,  aet.  16,  and  appointed  te 
the  sequestered  living  of  Houghton.  At  the  Restoration, 
when  the  former  incumbent  returned,  he  went  into 
Scotland,  and  was  a  member  of  the  Presbytery  of  Edin- 
burgh. (See  Woodrow's  "  List  of  Suffering  Scotch 
Ministers."     Ap.  I.  72.) 

13.  JACKSON,  Christopher  (?)  (1638-        ),  was  a  native  of 

Kildwick,  and  ejected  at  Llanpeter,  Pembrokeshire. 

He  was  son  of  John  Jackson,  of  Kildwick,  husband- 
man, educated  at  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
admitted  May  19th,  1654,  aet.  16. 

14.  JESSEY,  Henry,  M.A.  (1601-1663),  was  a  native  of  West 

Rounton,  in  the  North  Riding,  and  ejected  from  the 
Rectory  of  St.  George's.,  Southwark,  London,  at  the 
Restoration. 

He  was  son  of  the  rector  of  West  Rounton,  born  there 
September  3rd,  1601,  carefully  educated  till  he  was 
seventeen  years  of  age,  when  he  was  admitted  to  St. 
John's  College,  Cambridge,  A.B.  1623,  A.M.  1626, 
when  he  signed  the  three  articles.  On  the  death  of  his 
father  he  was  so  much  straitened  in  his  circumstances 


228     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

as  not  to  have  above  sixpence  a  day,  but  continued  six 
years  at  the  University,  became  well  versed  in  Hebrew 
and  the  writings  of  the  Rabbis,  and  understood  Syriac 
and  Chaldee. 

On  his  removal  from  Cambridge  he  resided  in  the 
family  of  old  Mr.  Brampton  Gurdon,  of  Assington,  in 
Suffolk,  where  he  continued  nine  years,  improving  his 
time  well,  and  among  other  studies  applied  himself  to  the 
study  of  physic.  In  1627  he  took  Episcopal  orders  and 
often  preached  in  the  neighbourhood.  In  1633  he 
became  vicar  of  Aughton,  in  the  East  Riding,  from 
which  Mr.  Alder  was  removed  for  his  nonconformity; 
and  the  year  following  was  himself  removed  on  the  same 
account,  but  was  appointed  by  Sir  Matthew  Boynton,  of 
Barmston,  to  preach  at  the  Chapel  of  Rowsby,  in  the 
parish  of  Hinderwell,  which  had  been  founded  by  one  of 
his  family.  In  1635  he  removed  with  Sir  Matthew  to 
London,  and  the  next  year  to  Hedgeley  House,  near 
Uxbridge. 

He  was  then  invited  to  take  the  charge  of  the 
Independent  congregation,  of  which  Henry  Jacob  and 
John  Lathorp  had  been  pastors,  and  which  was  gathered 
by  Jacob  in  1616.  He  went  at  Midsummer,  1637,  and 
continued  until  his  death. 

The  year  after  his  settlement  some  of  the  members  of 
his  church  became  Baptists,  and  were  afterwards 
followed  by  others ;  this  led  him  to  study  the  subject 
more  closely,  with  the  result  that  he  was  convinced  that 
the  proper  mode  of  baptism  was  by  immersion,  and 
about  1644  he  also  gave  up  infant  baptism.  In  1645  he 
submitted  to  immersion,  which  was  performed  by 
Hanserd  Knollys.  But  he  was  of  a  catholic  spirit  and 
took  great  pains  to  promote  open  communion. 

Previous  to  this  he  had  suffered  much  for  his  noncon- 
formity. On  February  21st,  1637,  he  and  many  others 
who  had  met  together  to  worship  God  were  seized  and 
carried  away  from  Queenhithe  by  the  Bishops'  pursui- 
vants. The  same  thing  took  place  a  few  months  later. 
In  November,  1639,  he  was  sent  by  his  congregation  into 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    229 

Wales  to  assist  old  Mr.  Wroth,  Mr.  Cradock  and  others 
in  gathering  a  church  in  Llanfaches,  in  Monmouthshire. 
On  April  21st,  1640,  when  met  with  many  others  for 
religious  service  on  Tower  Hill,  they  were  interrupted 
by  the  pursuivants  and  imprisoned  in  the  Tower  by  Sir 
W.  Bulfore ;  they  were  released  and  bound  over  by 
Archbishop  Laud  to  appear  at  the  next  Sessions,  but 
were  never  called.  On  August  22nd,  1641,  he  and  five 
of  his  congregation  were  seized  by  order  of  the  Lord 
Mayor  and  committed  to  Wood  Street  Compter,  but 
when  they  appealed  to  Parliament  they  were  forthwith 
released. 

During  the  period  when  Episcopacy  was  set  aside 
Jessey  was  very  diligent  in  preaching  and  study,  and 
was  held  in  high  and  general  esteem.  Every  Lord's  day 
afternoon  he  ministered  to  his  own  church,  which 
probably  met  in  Swan  Alley,  Coleman  Street.  In  the 
morning  he  usually  preached  at  St.  George's  Church, 
Southwark,  and  once  in  the  week-day  at  Ely  House  and 
in  the  Savoy  to  the  wounded  soldiers.  He  devoted 
much  time  and  pains  to  making  a  New  Translation  of 
the  Scriptures,  which  was  never  completed.  He  had 
well-nigh  the  whole  Bible  by  heart ;  and  in  the  original 
it  was  as  familiar  to  him  as  in  his  native  tongue.  He 
chose  a  single  life  that  he  might  be  the  more  entirely 
devoted  to  his  sacred  work  and  the  better  enabled  to  do 
good.  His  benevolence  was  remarkable.  In  1659  ne 
collected  money  for  distressed  Jews  in  Jerusalem.  In 
order  to  prevent  needless  interruption  in  his  studies  he 
put  over  his  study  door,  where  he  usually  received  his 
visitors,  the  following  words : 

"  Amice,  quisquis  hue  ades, 
Aut  agito  paucis,  aut  abi, 
Aut  me  laborantem  adjuva." 

"  Whatever  friend  comes  hither 
Despatch  in  brief  or  go 
Or  help  me  busied  too." 

This  was  similar    to    Zachary    Ursinus,    a    diligent 


230     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

student  of  Heidelberg,  who  wrote  over  the  door  of  his 
library  : 

Amice,  quisquis  hue  venis 
Aut  agito  paucis,  aut  abi." 

At  the  Restoration  he  was  ejected  from  St.  George's. 
On  November  27th,  1661,  he  was  seized  and  kept  in  the 
messenger's  hands,  and  after  a  month's  wrongful 
restraint  released  by  the  Privy  Council.  A  few  months 
afterwards  he  fell  into  his  last  sickness,  and  died  in  a 
very  happy  frame  of  mind  September  4th,  1663.  His 
Epitaph  in  Latin  was  to  this  effect : — 

"  From  storms  of  danger  and  from  seas  of  grief 
Safe  landed,  Jessey  finds  a  blest  relief. 
The  grave's  soft  bed  his  sacred  dust  contains, 
And  with  its  God  the  soul  in  bliss  remains. 
Faith  was  his  bark,  incessant  Prayers  his  oars, 
And  Hope  his  gale ;  that  from  these  mortal  shores 
Through  death's  rough  wave  to  heaven  his  spirit  bore, 
T'  enjoy  his  triumph  and  to  sigh  no  more." 
Works : 
"A  Store-house  of  Provision  in  sundry  cases  of  Conscience." 
"A  Scripture  Calendar  from  1645  to  1660." 
"  The  Glory  and  Salvation  of  Judah  and  Israel." 
"  An  Easy  Catechism  for  Children." 
"  The  Exceeding  Riches  of  Grace  in  Mrs.  Sarah  Wight." 
"The  Lord's  Loud  Call  to  England." 
"  Miscellanea  Sacra;  or  Divers  Necessary  Truths." 
An   Epistle   prefixed   to  the  English-Greek  Lexicon,  1661 ;  con- 
taining the  derivations  and  significations  of  all  the  words  in 
the  New  Testament,  in  the  compilation  of  which  he  had  a 
principal  hand. 

He  published  annual  Scripture  Kalendars,  1645-64, 
and  planned  a  revision  of  the  Bible. 

["  A  Looking-Glass  for  Children,"  frequently  ascribed 
to  him,  is  probably  the  work  of  Abraham  Cheare,  a 
Baptist  minister  of  Plymouth. — Editor]  . 

15.  LEAVER,  Robert  (1624-1690),  was  born  at  York,  and 
ejected  from  the  Vicarage  of  Boldham,  in  Northumber- 
land, in  1660. 

He  was  son  of  Robert  Leaver,  a  merchant,  of  York, 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    231 


who  was  son  of  Sampson*  Leaver,  and  grandson  of 
Thomas  Leaver,  a  man  of  much  note  in  the  time  of 
Henry  VIII.  The  family  was  originally  of  Little  Leaver, 
in  Lancashire.  The  last-named  was  also  chaplain  to 
Edward  VI.,  and  one  of  the  refugees  at  Frankfort  in 
Queen  Mary's  reign.  Upon  the  disturbances  among 
the  exiles  there  he  removed  to  Aarau,  in  Switzerland, 
and  was  first  minister  of  the  English  congregation.  After 
his  return  to  his  own  country,  he  was  master  of  the 
hospital  at  Sherborn,  near  Durham,  and  intimate  with 
the  famous  Bernard  Gilpin. 

Robert  Leaver  was  bred  at  York,  under  Mr.  Belwood ; 
admitted  to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge,  as  sizar, 
February  24th,  1644-5,  aet.  19  ;  and  had  been  previously 
admitted  to  Sidney  Sussex  College  (June  1st,  1642).  He 
spent  seven  years  in  the  University,  and,  being  very 
studious,  would  have  stayed  much  longer,  but  his  father 
dying,  he  entered  on  the  ministry  at  Boldham. 

After  spending  about  ten  years  there,  he  was  ejected  in 
1660  by  the  return  of  the  sequestered  incumbent.  He 
had  laid  out  considerable  sums  in  repairing  the  parsonage 
house  at  the  desire  of  the  parish,  and  never  got  the 
money  repaid. 

When  he  saw  that  there  was  no  prospect  of  public 
usefulness  without  conforming,  he  retired  to  a  small 
estate  which  he  had  near  Durham,  and  every  Lord's 
day  morning  walked  two  miles  with  his  family  to  the 
Parish  Church  at  Branspeth,  where  he  had  often  been 
the  preacher ;  and  in  the  afternoon  preached  in  his  own 
house.  Here  he  enjoyed  quiet  in  obscurity,  not  being 
disturbed  by  the  Five  Mile  Act,  or  any  of  the  laws  then 
in  force  against  the  nonconformists  ;  and  preached  when 
opportunity  offered. 

In  1672  he  was  engaged  at  several  places  in  the 
county;    but   by   travelling   in   all   weathers   and    being 


*  Sampson  Leaver,  grandfather  of  Robert  Leaver,  not  only  lost  a  con- 
siderable living  for  his  nonconformitv,  but  spent  nigh  £1,000  of  his  own 
estate  among  the  people,  and  suffered  for  them. 


232     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


ill-accommodated  among  the  miners  and  workers  at  the 
forges,  he  contracted  a  paralytic  habit. 

His  most  frequent  labours  were  in  or  near  Newcastle, 
where  he  often  preached  to  some  young  men,  but  with 
such  privacy  that  he  knew  not  where,  till  one  of  them 
came  to  conduct  him  to  the  place.  These  were  the 
young  men  who  were  cited  before  Lord  Chief  Justice 
Jeffreys  at  Newcastle,  who  are  mentioned  by  Mr.  Bennet 
in  his  "  Memorial  of  the  Reformation." 

He  also  constantly  kept  up  a  meeting  at  the  house  of 
Mr.  Wilson  (who  was  ejected  from  Lamesley,  in  Durham), 
which  was  a  little  out  of  the  town.  Here  they  preached 
alternately  gratis  for  two  years. 

In  August,  1684,  he  was  apprehended  at  the  inn  in 
Gateshead  for  preaching  at  a  conventicle  at  Mr.  C. 
Horsley's,  of  Milburn  Grange,  a  gentleman  of  family 
and  fortune,  who  spared  neither  pains,  nor  purse,  nor 
person  to  serve  the  interests  of  religion  among  the 
despised  nonconformists,  and  was  a  considerable  sufferer. 
He  paid  for  two  sermons  preached  in  his  house  in  one 
day  by  Mr.  Owen  and  Mr.  Leaver.  The  warrant  against 
Mr.  Leaver  was  for  £20,  to  be  levied  upon  his  goods ; 
and  by  that  he  was  detained  till  they  procured  one  for 
his  person,  by  which  he  was  carried  before  a  justice,  who 
committed  him  to  Durham  jail.  In  about  a  week  he  was 
bailed,  and  bound  over  to  the  quarter  sessions.  When 
he  appeared  upon  his  recognizance,  none  coming  to 
demand  the  fine,  he  was  discharged,  and  the  money  was 
never  paid. 

After  this,  and  upon  Mr.  Wickliffe's  death,  he  con- 
tinued preaching  at  Hartborne.  Here  he  met  with  some 
discouragements  on  account  of  a  disagreement  among 
the  people  in  the  choice  of  an  assistant,  which  occasioned 
a  division,  though  they  did  not  raise  above  £10  per 
annum  for  the  pastor.  A  gentleman  in  the  congregation 
drew  up  a  statement  of  the  case,  in  which  he  complains 
of  the  ungovernableness  of  the  people  and  the  intrusion 
of  the  Scottish  ministers. 

Mr.  Leaver  continued  to  preach  to  the  remaining  part 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    233 

of  the  congregation,  who  composed  the  majority,  till 
July  1st,  1690/'  when  he  died,  after  a  few  days'  illness 
(though  he  had  been  declining  some  time),  aged  66. 
He  was  of  a  low  stature  and  a  weak  constitution,  yet  a 
hard  student  and  a  learned  man.  His  genius  appears  to 
have  been  acute  and  penetrating.  He  was  a  very  subtle 
disputant,  but  a  man  of  great  sincerity  and  a  very  strict 
observer  of  the  Lord's  day. 

He  desired  to  be  buried  in  the  church  in  which  he  had 
been  stated  pastor ;  but  the  old  incumbent  would  not 
allow  it,  though  he  had  regularly  paid  him  his  fifths. 

[Ralph  Wickliffe,  above  referred  to,  was  a  kinsman  of 
Mr.  Leaver,  and  was  born  at  Sunderland.  He  was 
ejected  from  the  rectory  of  Whalton,  Northumberland. 
In  1672  he  preached  at  Sunderland.  R.  Fenwick  says 
he  was  a  member  of  Ward's  church,  at  Hartborne,  and 
preached  to  the  people  there  after  Ward  left.  He  suffered 
much  for  his  nonconformity.  He  kept  a  farm  with  much 
labour,  his  cattle  being  driven  away  and  sold  to  pay  fines 
that  were  levied  on  him  for  preaching.  He  died  in  1683, 
aged  53-] 

16.  MALLINSON,  John  (1610-1685),  was  born  at  Rastvick,  in 

the  parish  of  Halifax,  and  ejected  from  the  Vicarage 
of  Melling,  Lancashire. 

He  was  a  son  of  John  Mallinson,  of  Rastrick;  educated 
at  Magdalen  College,  Oxford,  matriculated  February  3rd, 
1625-6,  aged  17,  B.A.  April  17th,  1630.  He  was 
appointed  vicar  of  Melling  in  1648.  He  was  an  excellent 
scholar,  but  not  a  popular  preacher.  His  family  was 
numerous,  and  he  died  very  poor  in  May,  1685,  aged 
75.  His  widow  was  buried  at  Manchester,  June  12th, 
1689,  aged  74. 

17.  MARSDEN,  Samuel  (      -1677),  was  born  at  Coley,  in  the 

parish  of  Halifax,   and  ejected  from  the  Vicarage  of 
Neston,  Cheshire. 
He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Ralph  Marsden,  curate  of  Coley. 

*St.  John's  College  Register  says  d.  10  Aug.  1696. 


234     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


He  was  presented  to  the  living  at  Neston,  in  place 
of  Samuel  Green,  by  the  Committee  for  Plundered 
Ministers,  on  September  22nd,  1647  ;  signed  the  Cheshire 
Attestation  as  U  minister  of  Neston,"  1648 ;  ejected  thence ; 
went  to  Ireland,  and  died  there  in  1677. 

He  was  the  ablest  of  the  four  sons  of  Ralph  Marsden. 
He  probably  originated  the  Wood  Street  congregation, 
Dublin ;  and  was  succeeded  in  the  pastorate  by  the 
celebrated  Dr.  Daniel  Williams. 

Josiah,  the  youngest  son,  who  was  born  at  Neston, 
Cheshire,  was  also  a  nonconformist,  and  died  in  Ireland. 
He  came  over  when  a  youth  to  Trinity  College,  Dublin, 
and  became  a  Fellow  in  1658.  He  was  still  at  Trinity, 
and  signed  as  "  late  Fellow  "  in  1661.     He  died  early. 

18.  MOXON,  George  (i6o2-i687),was  born  near  Wakefield,  and 
ejected  from  the  Rectory  of  Astbury,  Cheshire,  in  1660, 
and  from  Rushton  in  1662. 

He  was  educated  at  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Cambridge. 
He  was  a  good  lyric  poet,  and  could  imitate  Horace  so 
exactly  as  not  easily  to  be  distinguished.  He  was  some- 
time chaplain  to  Sir  William  Brereton,  and  afterwards 
preached  at  St.  Helen's  Chapel,  Lanes.,  where  he  met 
with  much  trouble  from  Dr.  Bridgman,  Bishop  of 
Chester,  for  his  nonconformity  to  the  ceremonies.  He 
stayed  there  till  about  the  year  16^7,  when  the  citation 
for  him  being  hung  upon  the  chapel  door,  he  rode  away 
in  disguise  to  Bristol,  took  shipping  for  New  England, 
and  upon  his  arrival  there  became  pastor  to  the  church 
at  Springfield. 

He  returned  to  Old  England  in  1653,  and  became  joint 
pastor  with  Rev.  John  Machin  of  the  Congregational 
church  at  Astbury,  living  in  the  parsonage  house,  and 
preaching  on  the  Lord's  days  alternately  at  the  parochial 
chapel.  He  was  one  of  the  assistant  commissioners  for 
removing  ignorant  and  scandalous  ministers  in  Cheshire. 
At  the  Restoration  the  sequestered  incumbent  returned ; 
Mr.  Moxon  then  preached  at  Rushton  until  by  the  Act 
of    Uniformity   he  was   silenced.      After   two   or   three 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    235 


removals  he  went  to  live  at  Congleton,  where  he  had 
licence  for  his  own  house  as  a  Copgregationalist  (April 
30th,  1672) ;  and  preached  there  and  elsewhere  as  he 
had  opportunity,  until  disabled  by  age  and  palsy.  He 
died  September  15th,  1687,  aged  85.  He  was  a  man 
of  blameless  conduct  and  a  peaceable  spirit,  and  very 
useful  to  persons  under  spiritual  trouble.  His  funeral 
sermon  was  preached  by  Eliezer  Birch,  and  was  the  first 
sermon  preached  in  the  new  meeting-house.  He  had  a 
son  of  the  same  name,  minister  of  Radwinter,  Essex, 
where  he  was  ejected  in  1660. 

19.  ODDY,    Joseph,    M.A.    (  -1687),  was   a  native  of 

Leeds,  and  ejected  from  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 

He  was  educated  at  Trinity  College,  of  which  he  was 
Fellow;  B.A.  1656,  M.A.  1660;  and  held  the  living  of 
Mildred  (Meldreth),  Cambridge. 

After  his  ejection  he  became  one  of  the  colleagues  of 
Francis  Holcroft,  M.A.,  Fellow  of  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge, 
who  had  gathered  a  Congregational  church  and  preached 
with  great  zeal  in  various  places  around  Cambridge ;  was 
his  fellow- sufferer  on  account  of  nonconformity,  and 
imprisoned  1663  for  preaching  at  Meldreth.  He  retired 
to  Willingham,  in  the  Isle  of  Ely,  where  Nathaniel 
Bradshaw,  who  was  ejected  from  the  rectory  of  that 
parish,  had  formed  a  church  in  his  own  house ;  and  on 
the  removal  of  the  latter  to  London  became  his  successor. 
He  was  so  popular  as  a  preacher  that  many  persons 
travelled  twenty  miles  to  hear  him,  and  he  was  sometimes 
constrained  to  preach  in  the  open  fields. 

He  was  now  frequently  imprisoned,  and  was  at  one 
time  confined  for  five  years  together.  He  had  licence  in 
1672  for  a  meeting  at  Cottenham ;  and  continued  his 
labours  amidst  much  persecution  till  his  decease  on 
May  3rd,  1689. 

He  was  buried  at  Oakington,  where  five  years  later  his 
former  colleague,  Mr.  Holcroft,  was  laid  beside  him. 

It  is  said  of  Oddy  that  on  being  accosted  by  one  of  the 


236     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

wits  of  Cambridge,  after  he  was  released  from  prison,  in 
the  following  words : 

11  Good-day,  Mr.  Oddy  ; 
Pray  how  fares  your  body  ? 
Methinks  you  look  damnably  thin," 
he  as  promptly  replied — 

"That,  sir,  's  your  mistake; 
Tis  for  righteousness  sake  : 
Damnation  's  the  fruit  of  your  sin." 

20.  PELL,  William  (1634- 1698),  was  a  native  of   Sheffield. 

He  was  educated  at  Magdalen  College,  Oxford ;  ma- 
triculated 1650,  B.A.  1654,  M.A.  1658,  and  Fellow  of  his 
College,  1656.  He  was  nominated  tutor  at  the  University 
of  Durham  ;  a  scheme  for  which  was  proposed  by  Oliver 
Cromwell  by  his  writ  of  Privy  Seal,  dated  May  15th,  1657, 
but  which  he  did  not  live  long  enough  to  carry  into  full 
effect. 

He  was  presented  to  the  living  of  Essington,  Durham, 
by  Richard  Cromwell,  Protector,  April  12th,  1659.  On 
the  return  of  the  sequestered  incumbent  in  1660,  he  was 
put  into  the  rectory  of  Great  Stainton,  in  the  same 
county,  whence  he  was  ejected  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity, 
1662.  He  afterwards  preached  occasionally  in  private, 
and  was  imprisoned  in  Durham  on  that  account ;  but 
removed  himself  to  London  by  a  Habeas  Corpus,  and  was 
set  at  liberty  by  Judge  Hale.  Under  the  Indulgence  he 
was  licensed  for  his  own  house  at  Durham,  May  1st,  1672. 
He  retired  to  the  northern  parts  of  Yorkshire,  and 
practised  physic ;  afterwards  preached  publicly  at  Tatter- 
shall,  in  Lincolnshire  ;  and  was  steward  in  the  Earl  of 
Lincoln's  family.  On  James  II. 's  Declaration  of  Liberty 
(1687),  he  ministered  to  a  congregation  at  Boston,  and 
ultimately  removed  (1692)  to  Newcastle,  as  assistant  to 
Dr.  Gilpin.  On  the  death  of  Ralph  Ward,  minister  at 
York  (1693),  Lady  Hewley  wrote  to  her  intimate  friend, 
Lady  Rokeby,  in  London,  that  "  some  of  the  people  were 
for  Mr.  Pell,  a  Lincolnshire  man,  whom  they  highly 
commend,"  as  his  successor.     He  died  at  Newcastle,  in 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    237 

December,  1698,  aged  63,  and  was  buried  in  the  churchyard 
of  St.  Nicholas  Church. 

He  was  a  very  pious  man,  and  a  grave  solid  preacher, 
in  praying  and  preaching  excelled  by  few.  He  was  spoken 
of  as  one  of  the  most  learned  men  in  England,  and  was 
particularly  eminent  for  his  skill  in  Oriental  languages. 

His  friends  urged  him  to  teach  academical  learning, 
for  which  he  was  exceedingly  well  qualified ;  but  they 
could  not  prevail  on  him  to  do  so,  because  of  his  scruples 
on  account  of  the  oath  he  had  taken  at  the  University 
of  Oxford  in  commencing  Master  of  Arts. 

21.  POOL,  Matthew,  M.A.  (1624-1679),  a  native  of  Yorkshire, 
was  ejected  from  the  Rectory  of  St.  Michael's-le-Querne 
in  1660.     (The  family  name  was  originally  spelt  Pole.) 

He  was  son  of  Francis  Pool,  of  York,  an  eminent 
lawyer,  who  married  a  daughter  of  Alderman  Topham. 
His  grandfather,  Richard  Pool,  descended  from  the 
ancient  family  of  the  Poles,  of  Spindhill  (-hall  or  -hull), 
in  Derbyshire,  being  driven  thence  on  account  of  his 
attachment  to  the  principles  of  the  Reformation,  lived  at 
Sike  House,  near  Drax,  and  afterwards  at  Drax  Abbey, 
five  miles  from  Snaith,  Yorkshire.  There  Matthew  was 
born,  and  had  an  estate  of  / ioo  per  annum  left  him  by 
his  father.  He  was  admitted  pensioner  to  Emanuel 
College,  Cambridge,  July  2nd,  1645 ;  made  scholar  of  the 
house  1646,  B.A.  1648-9,  M.A.  1652  [or  1657],  incorpo- 
rated at  Oxford,  July  14th,  1657.  He  was  a  pupil  of  John 
Worthington,  D.D.,  a  Fellow  of  the  College  (afterwards 
Vice-Chancellor,  and  displaced  from  the  mastership  of 
Jesus  College  in  1660).  He  was  appointed  rector  of  St. 
Michael's-le-Quern,  London,  about  the  year  1656,  in 
succession  to  Dr.  Tuckney,  and  remained  there  until 
ejected  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity. 

He  was  very  facetious  in  his  conversation,  very  true 
to  his  friends,  very  strict  in  his  piety  and  universal  in 
his  charity.  He  set  on  foot  a  good  and  great  project 
for  sustaining  young  men  of  piety  and  ability  at  the 
Universities   in   the   study   of  divinity.       He    had    the 


238     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

approbation  of  the  heads  of  houses  in  both  of  them  ;  and 
nominated  such  excellent  persons  for  trustees,  and 
solicited  so  earnestly,  that  in  a  little  time  about  £900 
per  annum  was  procured  for  that  purpose.  Dr.  Sherlock, 
Dean  of  St.  Paul's,  was  one  of  those  who  were  educated 
on  this  foundation.  But  the  design  was  quashed  at  the 
Restoration. 

He  was  a  very  diligent  preacher  and  a  hard  student. 
With  ten  years'  indefatigable  study  he  finished  his 
"  Synopsis  Criticorum"  in  five  large  volumes,  folio,  the  first 
of  which  was  published  in  October,  1669.  Even  Anthony 
Wood  owns  it  to  be  an  admirable  and  useful  work,  and 
says  "the  author  left  behind  him  the  character  of  a 
celebrated  critic  and  casuist."  It  includes  not  only  an 
abridgment  of  the  M  Critici  Sacri,"  but  extracts  from  a  great 
number  of  treatises  and  pamphlets  that  might  have  been 
otherwise  lost.  It  was  undertaken  by  the  advice  of 
Bishop  Lloyd,  and  patronized  by  Bishop  Tillotson ;  and 
he  obtained  a  royal  patent  for  the  sole  printing  of  it. 
Lord  Fairfax  bequeathed  him  £10  "  towards  the  carrying 
[on]  of  his  "Synopsis  of  the  Creticks." 

While  he  was  preparing  this  work  and  his  English 
Annotations,  it  was  his  usual  custom  to  rise  at  three  or 
four  o'clock,  and  to  take  a  raw  egg  about  eight  or  nine 
and  another  about  twelve  ;  then  to  continue  his  studies 
till  the  afternoon  was  pretty  far  advanced,  when  he  went 
out  and  spent  the  evening  at  the  house  of  some  friend,  at 
none  more  frequently  than  Alderman  Ashhurst's.  At  such 
times  he  would  be  exceedingly,  but  innocently  merry, 
very  much  diverting  both  himself  and  his  company. 
After  supper,  when  it  was  near  time  to  go  home,  he  would 
say,  "  Now  let  us  call  for  a  reckoning  "  ;  and  then  would 
begin  some  very  serious  discourse,  and  when  he  found 
the  company  was  composed  and  serious  he  would  take 
leave  of  them.  This  course  was  very  serviceable  to  his 
health,  and  enabled  him  to  go  through  the  great  fatigue 
of  his  studies. 

In  1678,  when  Oates'  "  Depositions  "  were  printed,  Pool 
found  his  own  name  in  the  list  of  persons  who  were  to  be 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.   239 

cut  off,  as  was  supposed  for  what  he  had  written  against 
the  Roman  Catholics.  This  gave  him  not  the  least 
concern, till  one  night, having  been  at  Alderman  Ashhurst's, 
he  took  one  Mr.  Chorley  to  bear  him  company  home ; 
when  they  came  to  a  narrow  passage  from  Clerkenwell 
to  St.  John's  Court  two  men  stood  at  the  entrance, 
one  of  whom  cried  out,  "  Here  he  is."  Upon  which 
the  other  said,  "  Let  him  alone,  for  there  is  somebody 
with  him."  Mr.  Pool  asked  his  friend  whether  he  heard 
what  these  men  said,  adding,  "  I  had  been  murdered 
to-night  had  not  you  been  with  me." 

This  raised  in  him  such  an  apprehension  of  danger  that 
he  soon  afterwards  retired  to  Amsterdam,  in  Holland, 
where  he  ended  his  days  in  October,  1679,  aged  56.  It 
was  generally  supposed  that  he  was  poisoned.  His  wife 
died  in  1668,  and  was  buried  at  St.  Andrew's,  Holborn. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  his  works : 

1.  "  Synopsis  Criticorum." 

"  The  plan  was  judicious  and  the  execution  more  free  from 
error  than  seems  consistent  with  so  great  a  work  being 
finished  by  one  man  in  so  short  a  time." — Granger. 

2.  "The  Blasphemer  Slain  with  the  Sword  of  the  Spirit;  or  the 

Deity  of  the  Holy  Ghost  against  Biddle." 

3.  A  Model  for  maintaining  students  in  the  University. 

4.  A  Letter  to  the  Lord  C.  Fleetwood. 

5.  "  Quo  Warranto,  or  a  moderate  debate  about  the  preaching 

of  Unordained  Persons,  &c,  written  by  Appointment  of  the 
Assembly." 

6.  a  Evangelical  Worship,"  a  Sermon  preached  before  the  Lord 

Mayor,  August  26th,  1660. 

7.  "Vox  Clamantis  in  Deserto,"  respecting  the  ejection  of  the 

Ministers. 

8.  "The  Nullity  of  the  Roman  Faith." 

9.  M  Dialogue  between  a  Popish  Priest  and  an  English  Protes- 

tant." 
10.  "  A  Seasonable  Apology  for  Religion,"  on  Matt.  xi.  9. 
n.  Four  Sermons  in  the  Morning  Exercises. 

12.  A  Poem  and  two  Epitaphs  on  Mr.  Jeremiah  Whitaker. 

13.  Two  on  the  Death  of  Mr.  R.  Vines. 

14.  Another  on  that  of  Mr.  Jacob  Stock. 

15.  A  Preface   to  Posthumous    Sermons  of   Mr.  Nalton's,  with 

some  account  of  his  character. 


240     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

16.  One  vol.  folio  of  English  Annotations  on  the  Bible ;  death 
preventing  his  going  further  than  the  58th  Chapter  of 
Isaiah.     (This  work  was  completed  by  other  hands.) 

22.  ROSE,  Thomas  (        -1698),  was  born  at   Sheffield,  and 

ejected  from  the  vicarage  of  Blodsworth,  Lincolnshire  (?) 
[No  such  place  is  named  in  the  Liber  Ecclesiasticus ; 
Blid worth,  Notts.,  seven  miles  west  of  Southwell, 
is   probably  intended. — Editor.] 

When  at  school  at  Rotherham  during  the  civil  war, 
the  town  being  assaulted  by  a  party  of  the  Royalist 
forces,  he  and  about  thirty-six  more  of  the  schoolboys  got 
a  piece  of  artillery  planted  at  the  entrance  of  the  Bridge, 
and  played  upon  them  as  they  came  down  the  hill  so  as 
to  do  considerable  execution;  whereas  the  fire  of  the 
enemy  flew  over  their  heads,  and  thus  they  saved  the 
town. 

Having  ministered  several  years  at  "  Blodsworth  "  he 
was  ejected  in  1662  ;  but  still  continued  to  preach  there, 
though  much  harassed  by  the  prebendaries  and  others 
from  Southwell.  He  afterwards  removed  to  Nottingham, 
where  he  was  imprisoned  for  six  months,  and  subse- 
quently preached  to  a  considerable  number  of  persons  at 
Adbolton. 

On  the  landing  of  the  Duke  of  Monmouth  in  the  west 
(1685),  he  was  arrested  ;  and  on  his  release  continued 
preaching  as  before  until  his  death,  which  took  place  in 
1698. 

23.  SPADEM  AN,Thomas  (i626-i678),was  born  at  Rotherham, 

and  ejected  from  the  Rectory  of  Authorpe,  in  the  Isle 
of  Axholme,  Lincolnshire. 

He  was  son  of  Nicholas  Spademan,  of  Rotherham ; 
educated  at  Lincoln  College,  Oxford,  matriculated  1642, 
aet.  16 ;  ordained  July  23rd,  1647,  by  the  first  London 
Classis  ;  appointed  vicar  of  Melton  Ross,  co.  Lines.,  1647, 
and  rector  of  Authorpe,  where  he  remained  till  ejected  in 
1662. 

He  was  much  esteemed  for  his  learning,  diligence,  and 
charity.     He  was  a  Royalist,  and  refused   to  sign  the 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.    241 

Engagement.  After  his  ejection,  although  he  would  not 
sign  the  Declaration  appointed  by  the  Oxford  or  Five 
Mile  Act  (1665),  his  known  loyalty  and  peaceable 
behaviour  were  such  that  he  was  permitted  to  reside  in  the 
place  where  he  had  been  minister.  When  the  Declaration 
of  Indulgence  was  issued  in  1672  he  was  chosen  pastor  of 
a  Presbyterian  Church  at  Boston,  and  died  there  in  1678. 
He  was  father  of  John  Spademan,  educated  at  Mag- 
dalen College,  Cambridge,  and  minister  of  Swayton, 
Lines. ;  who  at  first  conformed,  then  went  to  Holland, 
and  became  pastor  of  the  English  Church  at  Rotterdam  ; 
returning  to  England,  he  was  assistant  and  afterwards 
successor  to  John  Howe,  and  died  February  14th,  1708. 

24.  STANCLIFFE,  Samuel,  M.A.  (1630-1705),  was  a  native 
of  Halifax,  and  ejected  from  the  Rectory  of  Stanmore 
Magna,  Middlesex. 

He  was  son  of  John  Stancliffe,  draper,  of  Southowram, 
where  he  was  born ;  bred  at  the  Grammar  School, 
Halifax,  under  Mr.  Wood;  graduated  at  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge. 

Of  his  life  for  some  years  after  his  ejection  we  have  no 
particulars.  In  1692  he  succeeded  Thomas  Rosewell,  as 
pastor  of  a  congregation  at  Rotherhithe,  Surrey ;  and 
continued  there  for  many  years,  until  compelled  to  resign 
through  bodily  weakness.  He  died  at  Hoxton  in  1705. 
He  was.  a  man  of  no  party,  an  eminent  divine  of  great 
sagacity  and  knowledge,  a  serious,  judicious  preacher  and 
possessed  an  admirable  gift  in  prayer.  He  left  a  good 
estate  to  his  family,  and  gave  a  legacy  to  the  school  in 
which  he  was  educated,  where  there  is  the  following 
inscription  to  his  memory:-— 

"  In  memory  of  the  Reverend  Mr.  Samuel  Stancliffe,  descended 
from  the  ancient  family  of  Stancliffe  in  the  parish  of  Halifax,  some 
time  of  St.  John's  College,  in  Cambridge,  and  minister  of  Stanmore 
Magna,  in  the  county  of  Middlesex,  who  departed  this  life  the  12th 
day  of  December,  An.  Dom.  1705,  aged  75  years." 

Calarny  mentions  him  as  one  of  those  to  whose  assist- 
ance he  was  specially  indebted  in  compiling  his 
"  Account  of  the  Ejected  Ministers." 

R 


242     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


25.  WILKINSON,  Henry,  D.D.  (1616-1690),  was  born  at 
Adwick-le-Street  (four  miles  from  Doncaster),  of  which 
his  father,  William  Wilkinson,  was  rector ;  and  was 
ejected  from  the  Principalship  of  Magdalen  Hall, 
Oxford. 

He  belonged  to  a  family  of  this  name  which  had  been 
long  settled  at  Elland,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax,  and 
several  of  the  members  of  which  were  distinguished  alike 
for  their  Puritanism  and  their  learning. 

William  Wilkinson,  of  Elland,  married  a  daughter  of  Sir 
Henry  Savile,  Provost  of  Eton.  He  had  three  sons, 
viz.  (1)  John  Wilkinson,  D.D.,  Principal  of  Magdalen 
College  (died  1649),  who  left  his  estate  to  his  nephew 
Henry;  (2)  William  Wilkinson,  rector  of  Adwick-le-Street ; 
and  (3)  Henry  Wilkinson  (1566-1647),  rector  of  Waddes- 
don,  Bucks. 

Each  of  these  last-named  had  a  son  Henry,  viz.  (4) 
Henry  Wilkinson  (1616-1690),  son  of  William,  of  Ad- 
wick  ;  (5)  Henry  Wilkinson  (1610-1675),  son  of  Henry,  of 
Waddesdon,  B.D.  1638,  D.D.  1649,  rector  of  St.  Dun- 
stan's  in  the  East,  1645,  ejected. 

Only  the  first  of  these  (4)  properly  finds  a  place  in  this 
list.  He  was  educated  at  Edward  Sylvester's  School  and 
Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford ;  admitted  Commoner  1631,  M.A. 
1638  ;  on  his  examination  for  orders  he  met  with  very 
unfair  treatment  from  the  Bishop  of  Oxford's  chaplain, 
who  put  several  ensnaring  interrogatories  for  the  purpose 
of  entangling  and  embarassing  him.  For  preaching  a 
sermon  at  St.  Mary's,  Oxford,  September  6th,  1640, 
against  lukewarmness  in  religion  he  was  suspended  by 
the  Vice-Chancellor,  but  afterwards  restored  by  the 
House  of  Commons,  who  ordered  the  sermon  to  be 
printed.  A  remarkable  speech  upon  this  occasion  was 
made  by  Sir  Edward  Deering,  chairman  of  the  House 
Committee.  He  continued  till  1642,  when  he  was 
minister  at  Buckminster,  in  Leicestershire.  On  30th 
October,  1643,  he  was  appointed  to  the  sequestered 
vicarage  of  Epping,  and  in  1648  he  signed  the  Essex 
Testimony.     Whether  or  not  he  was  a  member  of  the 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.  243 

Westminster  Assembly  is  strangely  uncertain ;  some 
authorities  assert  it,  others  say  that  the  Assembly-man 
was  his  cousin  of  the  same  name. 

He  returned  to  Oxford  in  1648 ;  in  that  year  was 
admitted  B.D.  and  soon  after  D.D; ;  and  was  successively 
appointed  tutor,  Vice-President,  and  Principal  of  Mag- 
dalen Hall,  and  also  Whyte's  Moral  Philosophy  Reader 
in  the  University.  He  retained  his  office  as  Principal 
till  1662. 

After  his  ejectment  he  suffered  much  for  his  noncon- 
formity by  imprisonments,  fines,  and  the  loss  of  his  goods 
and  books.  He  first  preached  at  Buckminster  ;  then  at 
Gosfield,  Essex.  On  June  gth,  1671,  he  was  cited  before 
the  Archdeacon  for  "  not  reading  service  according  to  the 
rubric  but  doth  omit  the  greater  part  thereof." 

He  seems  to  have  officiated  in  the  Parish  Church,  the 
vicarage  there  being  vacant  by  the  decease  of  a  former 
vicar  in  i66g,  and  a  new  vicar  not  being  appointed  till 
July  8th,  1672.  He  was  pronounced  contumacious  and 
excommunicated. 

Under  the  Indulgence  he  had  licence  as  a  Presbyterian 
for  a  meeting  in  his  own  house,  16th  May,  1672.  He 
afterwards  went  to  Sible  Hedingham  (1673)  in  the  same 
county,  where  his  library  was  distrained  for  his  preaching 
and  books  of  great  value  much  damaged  and  carried  away 
in  carts.  He  was  also  rudely  treated  by  some  of  the 
magistrates,  though  he  often  pressed  Christians  to 
loyalty,  meekness  and  patience.  Finally  he  removed  to 
Great  Cornard,  in  Suffolk,  where  he  died,  May  13th,  1690. 
His  remains  were  interred  at  Milding,  near  Lavenham, 
Suffolk,  where  a  stone,  with  a  short  inscription,  was  placed 
over  his  grave.  He  was  ever  esteemed  a  very  plain-hearted 
man ;  humble,  free  and  communicable  ;  bold  in  his  duty 
and  free  from  dissimulation.  Wood  says,  "  He  was  ever 
courteous  in  speech  and  carriage,  communicative  of  his 
knowledge,  generous  and  charitable  to  the  poor,  and  so 
public-spirited  that  he  always  minded  the  common  good 
more  than  his  own  concerns." 

He  was  well  acquainted  with  Archbishop  Usher,  and 


244     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

had  from  his  own  lips  the  prediction  which  he  was  said 
to  have  uttered  in  1601,  when  preaching  on  Ezekiel 
iv.  6  :  "  I  reckon  forty  years,  and  then  those  whom  you 
now  embrace  (the  Roman  Catholics)  shall  be  your  ruin 
and  you  shall  bear  their  iniquities  "  (which  seemed  to  be 
fulfilled  in  the  terrible  Irish  Massacre  of  1641.) 

In  his  treatise  on  God's  all-sufficiency,  he  tells  from  the 
same  Archbishop  the  following  story :  "  A  Commission 
de  Hseretics  comburendo  was  sent  to  Ireland  from  Queen 
Mary  by  a  certain  Doctor,  who,  at  his  lodgings  at  Chester, 
made  a  boast  of  it.  One  of  the  servants  in  the  inn,  being 
a  well-wilier  to  Protestants,  took  notice  of  the  words  and 
found  out  a  method  to  get  away  the  commission,  which 
he  kept  in  his  own  hands.  When  the  commissioner  came 
into  Ireland  he  was  entertained  with  great  respect.  After 
some  time  he  appeared  before  the  Lords  of  the  Council 
in  Ireland,  and  then  opened  his  box  to  show  his  commis- 
sion ;  but  there  was  nothing  in  it  but  a  pack  of  cards. 
Whereupon  he  was  committed  to  prison  and  threatened 
exceedingly;  but  upon  security  given  he  was  released, 
returned  into  England  and  obtained  a  new  commission. 
But  as  soon  as  he  came  to  Chester  the  report  came  of 
Queen  Mary's  death,  which  stopped  his  further  journey." 

Dr.  Wilkinson  published  : — 

1.  Conciones  tres  apud  Academicos  Oxonii  nuper  habitae.     Ox. 

1654. 

2.  Brevis  Tractatus  de  jure  divino  diei  Dominici.     Oxon.  1658. 

3.  Conciones  sex  ad  Academicos  Oxonienses.  Oxon.  1656  (three  of 

these  being  reprints  of  No.  1). 

4.  De  impotentia  liberi  arbitrii  ad  bonum  spirituale.   Epistolarum 

decas.     Oratio  habita  in  schola  morales  philosophise.    Oxon. 
1658. 

5.  Cons,  dual  ap  Ox.  nuper  habitae.     Ox.  1658. 

6.  Cons,  de  brevitate  opportuni  temporis.     Ox.  1660. 

7.  Sermon  at  Hasely,  in  the  county  of  Oxford,  at  the  funeral  of 

Margaret,  late  wife  of  Mr.  Edward  Corbet,  pastor  of  Hasely, 
October,  1657. 

8.  Three  decades  of  sermons  lately  preached  to  the  University 

in  St.  Mary's  Church,  Oxford.     Ox.  1660. 

9.  Several  sermons  concerning  God's  all-sufficiency  and  Christ's 

preciousness.     Lond.  1661. 


MINISTERS  BORN  IN  YORKSHIRE,  EJECTED  ELSEWHERE.   245 

10.  Catalogus  Librorum  in  Bibl.  Aul.,  Magdalen.     Oxon.  1661. 

11.  The  Doctrine  of  Contentment  briefly  explained.     Lond.  1671. 

12.  Characters   of    a   Sincere   Heart  and  the   comforts    thereof, 

collected  out  of  the  Word  of  God.     Lond.  1674. 

26.  WINDRESSE,  Thomas  (1638-    ),  was  born  at  Leeds,  and 

ejected  at  Newton  St.  Faith's,  Norfolk. 

He  was  son  of  Richard  Windresse,  of  Leeds,  at  school 
under  Mr.  Garnett,  admitted  to  St.  John's  College,  June 
14th,  1656,  aet.  18.  Nothing  beyond  the  simple  state- 
ment by  Calamy  of  his  ejection  is  known.  (Browne 
simply  records  it  without  remark.)      — 

27.  WINGFIELD,  William  (1631-     ),  was  born  at  Ecclesfield, 

Sheffield,   and  was   ejected  from  St.  Peter's,  Isle  of 
Thanet. 

He  was  son  of  Edward  Wingfield,  admitted  to  St. 
John's  College,  1648,  aet.  17.  He  left  a  good  name 
behind  him. 

28.  WRIGHT,  George  (1632-     ),was  son  of  Francis  Wright, 

of  Bolton,  Richmondshire,  and  ejected  from  the  Curacy 
of  Congerston,  Leicestershire. 

He  was  admitted  to  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
May  14th,  1647,  aet.  15.  After  his  ejection  he  took  a 
farm  at  King's  Heath,  in  the  parish  of  King's  Norton, 
Worcestershire,  with  which  he  managed  with  great  care 
and  labour  to  maintain  his  family.  He  was  a  man  of 
great  piety,  and  an  awakening  and  useful  preacher.  He 
had  an  extraordinary  gift  in  prayer,  and  was  favoured 
with  some  uncommon  answers  to  his  prayers. 


246     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


IV. 

MINISTERS    VARIOUSLY    CONNECTED    WITH 
YORKSHIRE. 

i.  BAGSHAW,  William,  B.A.  (1628-1702),  was  curate  at 
Attercliffe,  Sheffield,  from  1648  to  1651,  and  was  ejected 
from  the  Vicarage  of  Glossop,  Derbyshire. 

He  was  born  at  Letton,  in  the  parish  of  Tideswell, 
Derbyshire,  where  his  father  of  the  same  name  had  good 
success  in  the  lead  mines ;  educated  at  Corpus  Christi 
College,  Cambridge ;  B.A.  1646 ;  and  after  preaching 
three  months  at  the  chapel  of  Warmhill,  in  his  native 
parish,  was  appointed  assistant  to  James  Fisher,  then 
vicar  of  Sheffield,  and  curate  of  the  chapel  at  Attercliffe. 
Whilst  there  he  resided  in  the  family  of  Colonel, 
afterwards  Sir  John  Bright  at  Carbrook,  acted  as  his 
chaplain,  and  was  ordained  in  the  Presbyterian  manner 
at  Chesterfield,  January  1st,  1651.  In  the  same  year  he 
settled  at  Glossop,  where  he  laboured  zealously  for  eleven 
years.  After  his  ejection  in  1662  he  retired  to  his 
father's  house  at  Ford  Hall,  in  the  adjacent  parish  of 
Chapel-en-le-Frith  ;  had  licence  for  a  religious  meeting 
in  his  own  house  (1672)  as  a  Presbyterian ;  and  by  his 
extensive,  unwearied,  and  long-continued  labours,  became 
known  as  "  the  Apostle  of  the  Peak."  Almost  the  last 
entry  made  by  Oliver  Heywood  in  his  Register  was  the 
following: — "Mr.  William  Bagshaw,  of  Glossup,  in 
Darbishire,  a  worthy  N.  C.  minister  dyed  April  8 
[1st.]  1702,  aged  74,  my  dear  brother."  In  a  "  Short 
Account "  of  his  life  and  character,  by  J.  Ashe,  1704, 
there  is  a  Prefatory  Letter  by  W.  Tonge,  addressed  to 
Mr.  Samuel  Bagshaw,  of  Ford,  his  son,  in  which  it  is 
stated  that  Mr.  Bagshaw  said  just  before  his  death,  "  I 


MINISTERS  VARIOUSLY  CONNECTED  WITH  YORKSHIRE.     247 

have  now  been  an  ejected  minister  so  many  years  (that) 
I  have  had  a  great  deal  of  time  to  review  and  weigh 
the  reasons  of  my  nonconformity,  and  upon  an  impartial 
and  serious  consideration  of  the  case  I  see  no  cause  to 
change  my  mind."  Mr.  Tonge  adds :  "  If  we  be  like 
them  and  do  like  them  God  will  be  with  us  as  He  was 
with  them ;  but  if  we  give  way  to  an  envious,  proud, 
selfish,  vain,  contentious  spirit,  we  are  told  by  (that) 
admirable  man,  Mr.  John  Corbet,  what  will  be  the 
consequence ;  either  we  shall  extinguish  the  light  of  the 
Gospel  or  the  light  of  the  Gospel  will  extinguish  us." 
(See  also  Hunter's  "  Hallamshire  "  ;  "  Nonconformity  in 
Cheshire,"  edited  by  W.  Urwick,  M.A.,  1864,  p.  361.) 

BOON,  Mr.,  of  Finsham,  is  erroneously  placed  by  Palmer 
under  Settrington  (where  Mr.  Mekal  was  ejected). 
Finsham  is  a  small  hamlet  near  Coventry,  in  which 
Mr.  Boon,  a  nonconformist  minister,  lived  and  preached 
(Palmer  :  I.  218). 

2.  CONSTANTINE,  Robert  (1619-1699),  was  some  time 
preacher  at  the  Parish  Church  at  Bir stall,  and  ejected 
at  Oldham,  Lancashire. 

He  was  a  prominent  Presbyterian  minister  approved 
by  the  Manchester  Classis  for  Oldham,  December  18th, 
1647;  signed  "the  Harmonious  Consent"  of  the  Lanca- 
shire ministers  (March  3rd,  1648)  ;  was  prosecuted  for 
not  taking  the  engagement ;  and  went  by  invitation  to 
Birstall,  where  he  remained  three  or  four  years.  On  the 
repeal  of  the  Engagement  in  1654  he  returned  to  Oldham. 
After  his  ejection  he  preached  privately,  had  licence  for 
a  meeting  at  Greenacres,  near  Oldham,*  and  was  buried 
in  Oldham  churchyard,  December  14th,  1699,  aged  80. 
He  possessed  eminent  abilities  for  his  ministerial  work. 
He  was  a  man  of  a  clear  head,  solid  learning,  and  a 
pleasant  conversation.  He  was  also  a  well-accomplished 
preacher,  having  a  good  method,  an  audible  voice  and 

*  Barn  of  Robt.  Wild,  of  Hesside,  Oldham  Fr.,  May  8,  1672. 


248     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

an  agreeable  delivery.  But  living  to  be  very  old  his 
faculties  decayed,  and  he  was  superannuated  with 
respect  to  his  work.  He  maintained  a  good  reputation 
to  his  death. 

3.  EATON,  Samuel,  M.A.  (1597-1665),  closely  associated  with 
Yorkshire  before  he  was  silenced  by  the  Act  of 
Uniformity  ;  and  here  introduced  especially  because  of 
his  having  founded  the  first  Congregational  church  in 
the  north  of  England. 

He  was  third  son  of  Richard  Eaton,  B.D.,  vicar  of 
Great  Budworth, Cheshire ;  born  in  the  hamlet  of  Crowley ; 
educated  at  Magdalen  College,Cambridge,  B.A.  1624,  M.A. 
1628;  took  orders  and  was  instituted  rector  of  West 
Kirby;  suspended  for  nonconformity  by  Bishop  Bridg- 
man,  1631 ;  went  the  following  year  to  Holland,  where  he 
adopted  Congregational  principles  ;  returned  to  England 
and  associated  himself  with  the  Southwark  congregation, 
of  which  John  Lowthrop  was  pastor,  on  whose  resigna- 
tion and  removal  to  New  England  (1634)  he  ministered 
to  that  congregation. 

He  had  already  been  imprisoned  at  Newgate  as  "  a 
schismatical  and  dangerous  fellow,"  and  punished  with 
fines  amounting  to  £1,550  charged  on  his  estate  at 
Wirrall.*  In  1637  he  accompanied  his  elder  brother, 
Theophilus,  and  his  younger  brother,  Nathaniel,  to  New 
England,  but  declined  an  invitation  to  settle  at  Boston. 
Colleague  of  John  Davenport  at  New  Haven,  1640.  On 
returning  to  England  he  found  a  patron  in  Col.  Robert 
Dukinfield,  who  made  him  his  chaplain,  and  placed  at 
his  disposal  the  chapel  at  Dukinfield  Hall.  There  before 
the  end  of  1640,  or  early  in  1641,  he  originated  a  Congre- 
gational church,  of  which  Edwards  speaks  ('  Gangraena  ' 
III.  165),  as  "the  first  Independent  church  discipline 
and  frame  that  was  set  up  in  England,  being  before  the 

*  Samuel  Eaton,  of  West  Kirby,  in  the  diocese  of  Chester,  clerk,  was 
fined  about  1634  m  sums  amounting  to  from  £30  to  £300  by  doubling  each 
time  for  his  contumacy  in  not  appearing  before  the  Commission.  (From 
Hunter.     Urwick:  Cheshire,  p.  471.) 


MINISTERS  VARIOUSLY  CONNECTED  WITH  YORKSHIRE.     249 

Apologists  came  from  Holland  and  so  before  setting  up 
their  churches  here  in  London."* 

Of  the  church  at  Dukinfield  Thomas  Taylor,  M.A.,  was 
pastor,  and  Samuel  Eaton,   teacher  (whose  position  was 
before  that  of  pastor  and  whose  work  was  not  confined 
to    the    particular    congregation).        The    Presbyterian 
system  was  not  set  up  in  Cheshire  owing  to  a  petition 
(September,  1646)    against  it,  promoted  by    Taylor  and 
Eaton ;  and   their    procedure   was   defended   by   Henry 
Roote,  of  Sowerby,  who  had  been  minister  at  Gorton,  in 
"A  Just  Apology  for  the  Church  at  Dukinfield,"  1646. 
Eaton  was  soon  afterwards  appointed  public  preacher  at 
the   garrison,    Chester ;  but   on   Taylor's  removal  from 
Dukinfield  to  Ireland  he  returned  to  Dukinfield,  where, 
however,  a  division  arose  on  account  of  the  part  taken  by 
certain  "gifted  brethren,"  and   he  with  a  portion  of  the 
members  met  at  the  Grammar   School  at  Stockport  until 
the    Restoration.       After    that    event    the    use    of   the 
Grammar   School   was    forbidden ;    and    Eaton   held   a 
conventicle  in  private  until  his  death,  which  took  place 
at   Bredbury,   January   9th,    1665.      His   remains   were 
buried  at  Denton  chapel,  January  12th. 

4.  GOWER,  Stanley  (1590- 1660),  was  some  time  minister  at 
Sheffield,  and  ejected  at  Dorchester  in  1660. 

He  was  educated  at  Trinity  College,  Dublin ;  chaplain 
to  Archbishop  Usher,  and  afterwards  to  the  Earl  of 
Devonshire  (who  was  at  the  same  time  patron  of  the 
philosopher,  Thomas  Hobbes,  and  of  the  notable  puritan 
preacher,  Richard  Rothwell,  Gower's  spiritual  father). 
He  accompanied  Rothwell  to  Barnard  Castle  and  to 
Mansfield,    and    on    his    death    (1627)    was  appointed 


*  The  Apologists  began  to  return  in  1640.  Philip  Nye  arrived  in 
England  at  Easter,  1640  ;  but  none  appear  to  have  reached  London  before 
the  opening  of  the  Long  Parliament  (November  3rd). 

The  first  Congregational  Church  set  up  in  London  seems  to  have  been 
set  up  by  Henry  Burton  at  St.  Matthew's,  Friday  Street,  on  his  appoint- 
ment to  the  lectureship  there,  October,  1642. 


250     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

assistant  minister  at  Sheffield,  and  subsequently  curate 
of  the  newly-erected  chapel  at  Attercliffe  (1630-5). 

He  was  presented  by  Sir  Robert  Harley  to  the  vicarage 
of  Brampton  Bryan,  Herefordshire ;  chosen  member  of 
the  Assembly  of  Divines  at  Westminster,  and  had  a 
principal  part  in  drawing  up  the  Assembly's  Catechism  ; 
was  minister  of  St.  Martin's,  Ludgate,  London  ;  preached 
before  the  House  of  Commons,  July  31st,  1644 ;  and 
presented  (1650)  to  the  united  rectories  of  Holy  Trinity 
and  St.  Peter's,  Dorchester,  where  he  died  in  1660. 


5.  HEYWOOD,  Nathaniel,  B.A.  (1633-1677),  was  some- 
time minister  in  the  Chapelry  of  Illingworth,  in  the 
parish  of  Halifax,  and  ejected  from  the  Vicarage  of 
Ormskirk  in  Lancashire. 

He  was  born  at  Little  Lever,  in  the  parish  of  Bolton, 
Lancashire,  and  educated  (with  his  elder  brother,  Oliver 
Heywood)  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge.  After 
spending  two  years  in  the  family  of  Mr.  Edward  Gee, 
of  Eccleston,  he  settled  at  Illingworth  in  1652,  and  was 
presented  by  the  Countess  of  Derby  to  the  vicarage  of 
Ormskirk  in  1656.  At  the  Restoration  (when  an 
augmentation  of  £50  settled  on  him,  as  one  of  four 
itinerant  preachers,  was  taken  from  him),  being  a  strong 
Royalist  he  preached  from  the  text,  "  Yea,  let  him  take 
all,  forasmuch  as  the  King  is  come  again  in  peace." 
He  continued  at  Ormskirk  till  Bartholomew's  Day, 
1662.  "  Ah,  Mr.  Heywood,"  said  one  of  his  parishoners, 
"we  would  gladly  have  you  preach  still  in  the  Church." 
"  Yes,"  said  he,  "  and  I  would  as  gladly  preach  as  you 
can  desire  it,  if  I  could  do  so  with  a  safe  conscience." 
"  Oh,  sir,"  replied  the  other,  "  many  a  man  nowadays 
makes  a  great  gash  in  his  conscience,  cannot  you  make 
a  little  nick  in  yours  ?  " 

After  his  ejection  he  continued  to  reside  in  the  parish 
and  preached  privately.  In  1672  he  had  licence  for  two 
places,  viz.  Bickerstaff  and  Scaresbrick  (a  chapel  in  the 
patronage   of  Lady   Stanley).     After   the   recall   of  the 


MINISTERS  VARIOUSLY  CONNECTED  WITH  YORKSHIRE.     251 


licences  he  was  much  persecuted,  and  died  December 
16th,  1677,  aged  44.  He  had  nine  children ;  one  of 
whom,  Nathaniel  Heywood,  junior,  was  educated  at 
Frankland's  Academy  (admitted  April  27th,  1677),  and 
was  nonconformist  minister  of  Ormskirk,  where  he  died 
1704.  Many  of  his  descendants  resided  at  Liverpool, 
Wakefield,  London  and  elsewhere. 

6.  ILLING WORTH,  James  (         -1693),  was  ejected  from 

Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  and  often  came  into 
Yorkshire. 

He  was  born  in  Manchester  ;  educated  at  Emmanuel 
College,  Cambridge;  Fellow  1650,  and  subsequently 
President.  After  his  ejectment  he  became  chaplain  to 
Philip  Foley,  Esq.,  at  Preswood  Hall,  Staffordshire,  and 
after  some  years  to  Sir  Thomas  Wilbraham,  Bart.,  and 
his  widow.  Heywood  met  him  at  Leeds  in  July,  1679, 
travelled  with  him  into  Cheshire  in  1682,  and  often 
corresponded  with  him.  He  died  at  Weston,  Stafford- 
shire, August  29th,  1693.  He  was  a  little  man  but  an 
excellent  scholar  and  eminent  divine.  He  made  large 
collections  of  the  memoirs  of  noted  men,  especially  in 
Lancashire.  After  his  death  one  of  Heywood's  sons 
was  chaplain  to  Lady  Wilbraham. 

7.  LARKHAM,    George,    M.A.    (1630-1700),   was     ejected 

from  the  Vicarage  of  Cockermouth,  Cumberland,  and 
subsequently  resided  in  Yorkshire  for  some  years. 

He  was  son  of  Thomas  Larkham,  M.A.,  vicar  of 
Northam,  Devon,  who  fled  from  persecution  to  New 
England,  returned  thence  in  1642,  was  appointed  rector 
of  Tavistock  before  1649,  an^  ejected  in  1660.  George 
was  born  at  Northam  April  20th,  1630 ;  educated  at 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  where  he  graduated  M.A. 
He  was  appointed  vicar  of  Cockermouth  ;  in  connection 
with  the  Parish  Church  formed  a  congregational  society, 
"  through  the  instigation  of  Mr.  Larkham,  Pastor  of 
the  Church  of  Christ  at  Tavistock,"  consisting  of  eleven 


252     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

persons,  October  8th,  1651.  He  was  ordained  there 
by  Thomas  Larkham,  Gavin  Eaglesfield,  and  George 
Benson,  December  28th,  and  continued  in  his  office  until 
ejected  November  15th,  1661. 

The  members  of  the  church  afterwards  met  in  private 
houses.  In  1663,  in  consequence  of  a  warrant  issued 
against  him,  he  removed  to  Broughton  Tower,  in 
Lancashire,  and  then  into  Yorkshire.  He  first  resided 
with  his  "  Aunt  Pollard "  at  Gomersal,  where  his 
daughter  Margaret  was  born,  December  29th,  1663,  and 
another  daughter  May  22nd,  1665.  (The  latter  died  of 
smallpox  in  the  following  year,  and  was  buried  in 
Birstall  Choir  by  her  grandmother  Waterhouse.)  He 
was  arrested  and  sent  to  York  Castle  in  October,  1665, 
and  remained  there  five  weeks.  On  his  release  he  took 
rooms  at  Stancliffe  Hall,  near  Heckmondwike  ;  his 
daughter  Patience  was  baptized  April  26th,  1666,  at 
Topcliffe  Hall,  near  Morley,  where  the  Congregational 
Church^  of  Woodchurch,  under  Christopher  Marshall, 
assembled.  In  September  he  and  his  family  came  to 
dwell  in  the  house  of  Richard  Naylor  at  Heckmondwike, 
where  he  remained  until  1668,  when  he  returned  to 
Cockermouth. 

He  ministered  to  the  church  there  amidst  much 
persecution  until  his  death,  December  26th,  1700,  in  the 
71st  year  of  his  age.  He  married  Dorothy  Fletcher,  of 
Tallantyre  Hall,  September  29th,  1652,  and  had  by  her 
a  numerous  family.  One  of  his  sons,  Deliverance,  was  a 
nonconformist  minister  at  Launceston. 

8.  OXENBRIDGE,  John,  M.A.  (1608-1674),  sometime  vicar 
of  Beverley  Minster,  and  ejected  from  a  Fellowship 
of  Eton  College. 

He  was  born  at  Daventry,  Northants,  on  January 
30th,  1608;  was  admitted  pensioner  of  Emmanuel 
College,  Cambridge,  about  1626 ;  graduated  1631,  and 
began  to  preach  two  years  later.  He  removed  to  Oxford 
— but  at  what  date  we  are  not  informed — and  was  com- 


MINISTERS  VARIOUSLY  CONNECTED  WITH  YORKSHIRE.     253 

moner  and  tutor  of  Magdalen  Hall.  He  there  induced 
his  scholars  to  subscribe  to  certain  articles  which  he  had 
drawn  up  for  the  regulation  of  their  conduct ;  for  which 
on  May  27th,  1634,  he  was  deprived  of  his  tutorship  by 
the  Vice-Chancellor  Brian  Duppa.  In  reporting  this 
transaction  to  Laud,  Duppa  charged  him  with  "  ensnar- 
ing young  and  tender  consciences  with  the  religion  of  a 
vow  ...  as  if  the  statutes  of  the  place  he  lived  in  and 
the  authority  of  the  present  Governors  were  not 
sufficient. " 

Of  his  proceedings  during  the  next  six  or  seven  years 
we  know  but  little,  except  that  he  made  two  voyages  to 
Bermuda. 

On  returning  to  England  in  1641  he  went  to  Yarmouth, 
where  was  William  Bridge,  M.A.,  who  had  been  formerly 
minister  at  Norwich,  but  in  order  to  escape  apprehen- 
sion for  his  nonconformity  had  fled  to  Holland  (1638), 
and  there  had  been  teacher  of  the  church  of  which  Hugh 
Peters  was  pastor.  Some  of  those  who  accompanied 
Bridge  on  his  return  settled  with  him  at  Yarmouth,  and 
others  at  Norwich ;  forming  at  first  a  united  church  at 
Norwich,  June  28th,  1643,  and  afterwards  dividing  into 
two  branches.  Concerning  this  division  a  letter  was 
sent,  May  24th,  1644,  by  "  the  brethren  of  Norwich," 
which  "craved  the  presence  of  Mr.  Oxenbridge  and 
some  of  the  brethren  of  Yarmouth  ;  and  being  met  on  the 
day  appointed  (June  10th)  in  the  presence  of  Mr.  Oxen- 
bridge,  they  spent  the  former  part  of  the  day  in  prayer, 
and  then  one  in  the  name  of  the  rest  made  a  profession 
of  faith  whereunto  all  the  rest  gave  their  assent ;  then 
one  of  them  read  the  covenant  to  which  they  all  sub- 
scribed their  names  "  (Waddington's  "  Congregational 
History"  1567-1700,  pp.  447-451). 

At  Yarmouth,  Oxenbridge  was  "  admitted  into  church 
fellowship,  Nov.  5,  1643  ;  and  was  assistant  thereunto, 
improving  his  gifts  and  abilities  for  the  edification  of  the 
same."  A  request  was  made  to  the  Corporation  to  allow 
Mr.  Oxenbridge,  a  minister  then  residing  at  Yarmouth, 
to  preach  voluntarily  every  Sunday  morning  before  the 


254     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

ordinary  time  of  service.  This  was  permitted,  provided 
he  made  his  exercise  by  half-past  eight  o'clock  in  the 
morning ;  and  in  this  manner  he  preached  for  six 
months,  without  receiving  any  reward  except  a  present 
of  £15  from  the  Corporation  at  his  departure. 

He  continued  there  till  August  13th,  1644  (when  the 
division  of  the  church  had  been  effected),  and  it  is 
recorded  that  "John  Oxenbridge  and  Jeane  Oxenbridge 
were  dismissed  to  ye  furtherance  of  the  work  of  God  in 
Yorkshire."  This  was  soon  after  the  battle  of  Marston 
Moor  (July  2nd),  when  the  Royalist  cause  in  the  north 
was  overthrown,  and  Puritan  ministers  began  to  replace 
incumbents  who  were  adverse  to  the  Parliament. 

"  In  1644,"  savs  Mather  (Magnalia),  "  he  became  a 
pastor  to  a  church  [or  congregational  society]  at 
Beverley  "  ;  and  Edwards,  the  Presbyterian,  says  that 
about  this  time  an  Independent  church  was  formed 
there.  It  was  here  (as  alleged  in  the  Charge  formulated 
against  Charles  I.)  that  "  upon  the  or  about  the  30th 
day  of  June  in  the  year  of  our  Lord  1642  at  Beverley,* 
Charles  Stuart  traitorously  and  maliciously  levied  war 
against  the  present  Parliament  and  the  people  therein 
represented  "  (when  on  his  way  from  York  to  seize  the 
war  stores  at  Hull).  Already  also  William  Wilberforce 
(ancestor  of  the  celebrated  William  Wilberforce,  M.P. 
for  Hull,  the  advocate  for  the  abolition  of  slavery)  and 
others  had  been  put  into  the  Corporation  as  Indepen- 
dents, and  some  of  them  were  probably  members  of  the 
newly  formed  church  ;  but  few  particulars  concerning  it 
have  been  preserved. 

In  1646  the  name  of  Oxenbridge  appears  in  the  list  of 
vicars  at  the  Minster ;  the  only  one  between  Burney, 
1632,  and  Taneshill,  1660.  His  popularity  was  consider- 
able, and  the  strict  Independent  principles  of  discipline 
which  he  observed  drew  away  some  hearers  of  Samuel 
Winter,  of  Cottingham  (afterwards  Provost  of  Trinity 
College,  Dublin,  and  a  professed  Congregationalist)  ;  so 

*  "  Our  great  scrummage  at  Beverley,  June  30th,  1642."     (Wilson.) 


MINISTERS  VARIOUSLY  CONNECTED  WITH  YORKSHIRE.     255 

that  he  called  a  meeting  of  his  congregation  to  consider 
and  determine  whether  the  church  at  Cottingham  was  a 
true  church,  and  whether  such  being  the  case  it  was 
right  for  any  of  its  members  to  separate  themselves  from 
it. 

"  On  March  28,  1648,  a  sermon  was  preached  at  St. 
Mary's,  Beverley,  by  Mr.  Oxenbridge,  who  had  been 
nominated  by  the  Committee  for  Plundered  Ministers  ; 
and  £40  was  ordered  to  Mr.  Oxenbridge  and  Mr.  Joseph 
Wilson,  out  of  Nafferton  and  Skipsea,  to  be  paid  and 
retained  for  the  use  of  the  Corporation  ;  Mr.  Wilson 
having  had  satisfaction  for  his  part,  and  Mr.  Oxenbridge 
requiring  nothing." 

In  the  same  year,  when  Scarborough  Castle,  held  by 
Col.  Boynton  for  the  King,  was  besieged  by  Col.  Bethel, 
an  attempt  was  made  to  induce  Col.  Boynton  to 
surrender  the  place  peaceably,  and  Mr.  Oxenbridge  was 
one  of  those  who  were  admitted  to  consult  with  them  ; 
but  the  attempt  was  vain ;  Boynton  held  the  castle  for 
Ave  months,  and  surrendered  it  December  15th,  1648. 

Oxenbridge  appears  to  have  left  Beverley  soon  after- 
wards. He  was  in  Scotland  in  1652  ;  and  about  this 
time  he  was  made  Fellow  of  Eton  College,  where  he 
formed  a  friendship  with  Andrew  Marvell  (1621-1678). 
An  address  prefixed  to  a  book  of  Nicholas  Lockyer 
(Provost  of  Eton  from  1658  to  1660)  was  signed  by 
Caryl,  Sidenham,  and  John  Oxenbridge,  "  minister  in 
London."  His  wife  Jane  died  April  22nd,  1655,  and 
Wood  says : 

"  Though  he  was  a  great  pretender  to  saintship  and  had  vowed 
an  eternal  love  to  his  wife,  yet  before  he  had  remained  a  widower 
a  year  he  married  a  religious  virgin  named  Frances,  the  only 
daughter  of  Hezekiah  Woodward,  the  schismatical  vicar  of  Bray, 
near  Windsor  ;  who  dying  in  the  first  year  of  her  marriage,  aged 
25  years,  he  soon  after,  as  I  have  been  told,  took  a  third  wife 
according  to  the  fleshly  custom  of  the  saints  at  that  time.  In  the 
chapel  adjoining  to  Eton  College  was  a  monument  with  a  large 
canting  inscription  set  up  for  his  first  wife,  Jane  Butler,  but  the 
said  inscription  giving  great  offence  to  the  Royalists  at  the  Restora- 
tion,  they   caused  it  to   be  daubed   or  covered  over  with  paint. 


256     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

There  was  also  a  monument  and  inscription  for  his  second  wife  in 
the  chapel,  but  this  last  is  not  defaced."* 

Ambrose  Barnes  remarks  of  Wood :  "  He  can  find  no 
holy  women  to  abuse  but  two :  the  one  is  Mr.  Joseph 
Alleine's  wife,  the  other  Mr.  Oxenbridge's  first  wife, 
who,"  he  says,  "while  her  husband  was  preaching 
abroad,  preached  in  the  house  among  her  gossips." 
Barnes  says  further:  "She  was  another  Sarochia,  few 
divines  equalling  her  skill  in  textual  divinity.  She 
had  an  infirm  body,  but  was  strong  in  faith.  Her 
husband  and  she  had  travelled  about  the  world  in 
unsettled  times.  They  lived  some  time  at  Berwick-on- 
Tweed.  They  removed  to  Beverley,  then  to  London, 
then  to  Winchester,  then  [he  removed]  to  Barbadoes,  then 
to  Surinam,  then  to  New  England,  and  then  to  Heaven." 
Her  husband  loved  to  have  her  opinion  on  a  text  before 
he  preached  it.  A  friend,  taking  her  by  the  hand  when 
she  lay  dying,  asked  her  whether  she  felt  any  pain.  She 
smiled  and  answered,  No,  the  sting  of  death  was 
gone,  nor  felt  she  any  pain  more  than  the  warm  hand  of 
the  gentleman  who  put  the  question  to  her. 

He  was  ejected  from  his  fellowship  at  Eton  in  1660. 
On  the  outbreak  of  Venner's  Fifth  Monarchy  Insur- 
rection in  the  year  following,  he  signed  "  A  Renunciation 
and  Declaration  of  the  Ministers  of  Congregational 
Churches  and  Public  Preachers  of  the  same  judgment 
living  in  and  about  the  city  of  London  against  the  late 
horrid  insurrection  "  (January,  1661).  He  then  retired 
to  Berwick-on-Tweed,  where  he  held  on  his  ministry 
till  silenced  by  the  Act  of  Uniformity. 

He  next  went  to  Surinam,  1662,  to  explore  the 
country,  and  on  his  return  published  "  A  Proposition  of 
Propagating  the  Gospel  by  Christian  Colonies  in  the 
Continent  of  Guiana;  being  Gleanings  of  a  larger 
Discourse";   the  manuscript  is   yet   preserved   in  New 


*His  daughter  Bathshuah,  wife  of  Richard  Scott,  Esq.,  of  Jamaica, 
sole  executrix,  had  good  estate  by  will.  A  younger  daughter,  Theodora, 
married  November  21st,  1677,  Rev.  Peter  Thacker,  of  Milton. 


MINISTERS  VARIOUSLY  CONNECTED  WITH  YORKSHIRE.     257 

England.  He  then  went  to  Barbados,  and  in  1669  to 
Boston,  New  England,  where  he  was  installed  as 
colleague  with  Allen,  April  10th,  and  afterwards 
succeeded  Mr.  Davenant  as  pastor  of  the  first  church 
there.  He  was  seized  with  apoplexy  whilst  preaching, 
and  died  shortly  afterwards,  December  28th,  1674. 

He  published  in  1661  "  A  Double  Watchword ;  or, 
The  Duty  of  Watching,  and  Watching  to  Duty,"  and 
other  sermons.  He  had  a  son,  Dr.  Daniel  Oxenbridge, 
who  died  young.  His  three  daughters  all  came  to  be 
"ladies"  by  their  second  husbands,  viz.  Lady  St.  John, 
Lady  Boynton,  and  Lady  Catherine  Philips. 

9.  SCHOFIELD,  Jonathan  (1607  ?-I657),  sometime  minister 
at  Cross-stone  Chapel,  in  the  parish  of  Halifax,  and 
ejected  from  Eccleston,  Lancashire. 

In  Sir  Thomas  Fairfax's  attack  on  Leeds,  January 
23rd,  1642-3,  "  Mr.  Jonathan  Schofield,  the  minister  of 
Croston  Chapel,  in  Halifax  parish,  near  Todmorden,  in 
their  company  [the  company  of  Major  Forbes] ,  begun 
and  they  sang  the  first  verse  of  the  68th  Psalm  :■ — 

"  ■  Let  God  arise,  and  scattered 
Shall  all  his  enemies  be, 
And  let  all  those  that  do  Him  hate 
Before  his  presence  flee.'  " 

He  does  not  appear  to  have  remained  long  at  Cross- 
stone.  In  1646  he  was  in  the  Belton  Classis  as  minister 
of  Bury. 

In  1648  he  signed  the  "  Harmonious  Consent,"  as 
minister  of  Hey  wood  Chapel,  and  the  "  Agreement  of  the 
People,"  1649.  He  was  at  the  same  chapel  in  1650  (Pari. 
Sur.),  and  was  reported  "orthodox  for  divinity,  well 
qualified  for  life  and  conversation." 

He  was  present  at  Oliver  Heywood's  ordination, 
August  4th,  1653  ;  in  1654  he  was  appointed  to  officiate  at 
Whalley,  and  removed  to  Douglas  Chapel,  in  the  parish  of 
Eccleston,  in  1659.  He  was  ejected  thence  in  1662. 
After  his  ejection  he  endured  much  affliction  and  many 
straits ;   but   was   befriended    by   the   Wilson   family  of 


258     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


Tunley  Hall,  kept  a  private  school,  and  preached  to  the 
people  of  the  neighbourhood.  He  died  in  1667,  aged  60, 
or,  by  another  account,  70. 

10.  THOMSON,  George  (1616-1674),  was  sometime  minister 

at    Sowevby     Bridge,   in    the   parish   of    Halifax,   and 
ejected  at  Heywood,  Lancashire. 

He  was  at  Sowerby  Bridge  in  1653 ;  succeeded 
at  Heywood,  Jonathan  Schofield  (who  removed  to 
Douglas)  in  1659,  "became  a  nonconformist,  and  died 
at  Bury  in  1674"  (O.  Heywood).  He  was  a  diligent 
laborious  preacher  who  earnestly  longed  for  the  good  of 
souls,  and  was  very  useful  in  promoting  it. 

11.  WINTER,   Samuel,   D.D.    (1603-1666),   was    vicar    of 

Cottingham,  East  Riding,  and  ejected  from  the  Provost- 
ship  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  in  1660. 

He  was  born  at  Balsall,  Warwickshire  (seven  miles 
from  Coventry) ;  educated  at  the  Free  School,  Coventry ; 
whence  he  was  admitted  to  Lincoln  College,  Cambridge, 
and  had  Dr.  Preston  as  tutor.  Having  graduated  M.A., 
he  went  to  Boston,  Lincolnshire,  and  was  under  the 
ministry  of  the  celebrated  John  Cotton,  out  of  whose 
family  he  married  Anne  Beeston.  From  Boston  he 
removed  to  a  small  living  at  Woodborow,  near  Nottingham, 
and  thence  as  lecturer  to  York.  He  was  then  put  into 
the  living  of  Cottingham,  where  it  was  said  that  he  was 
first  known  by  his  assistance  in  preaching  to  Ezekiel 
Rogers,  who  went  to  New  England. 

The  living  of  Cottingham  had  been  vacated  by  the 
absence  of  Edward  Gibson  (presented  by  the  Bishop  of 
Chester  in  1622),  according  to  the  following  order  of  the 
House  of  Lords,  April  nth,  1643 : — 

"Whereas  Mr.  Gibson,  vicar  of  the  parish  of  Cottingham,  in  the 
county  of  York,  hath  deserted  and  left  the  charge  of  his  cure,  and  is 
in  the  army  under  the  command  of  the  Earl  of  Newcastle  levying 
war  against  the  Parliament ;  and  whereas  the  cure  of  the  said 
vicarage  is  and  by  the  space  of  about  half  a  year  hath  been  in  the 
absence   of  the  said  vicar  supplied  by  Samuel   Winter,    M.A.,  a 


MINISTERS  VARIOUSLY  CONNECTED  WITH  YORKSHIRE.    259 

learned  and  religious  man,  and  an  able,  painfull  and  orthodox 
minister  and  preacher  of  God's  Word,  who  hath  been  plundered, 
stripped  of  his  estate  and  driven  from  the  city  of  Yorke,  where  he 
was  settled  and  placed,  by  the  forces  under  the  command  of  the  Earl 
of  Newcastle,  as  the  Lords  and  Commons  in  Parliament  are 
informed,  as  well  by  the  certificate  of  divers  gentlemen  and 
ministers  of  good  worth  and  credit  as  by  the  petition  of  the  inhabitants 
of  Cottingham  aforesaid,  who  desire  the  continuance  of  the  said 
Mr.  Winter  in  the  said  church. 

"  All  which  the  said  Lords  and  Commons  taking  into  account,  do 
hereby  ordain  that  Thomas  Rokeby,  Bernard  Aumond,  Rd.  Smith, 
Thomas  Aumond,  Thomas  Raspin,  and  Edward  Thompson,  or  any 
three  or  more  of  them,  shall  have  power  to  sequester  the  £29,  being 
the  usual  stipend  to  the  vicar,  and  also  the  rents  of  about  £60  paid 
to  the  Bishop  of  Chester  out  of  the  rectory  of  Cottingham,  and 
receive  the  same,  and  from  time  to  time  pay  the  same  to  the  said 
Mr.  Winter." 

Here  he  continued  over  seven  years,  and  was  exceed- 
ingly diligent  in  his  ministry.  He  preached  twice  every 
Lord's  day  in  public,  expounded  the  chapter  which  he 
read,  and  catechised  young  persons.  In  the  evening  he 
repeated  his  sermons  in  his  own  family,  to  which  many 
of  the  neighbours  were  invited.  On  the  week  days  he 
went  from  house  to  house  instructing  the  ignorant,  and 
endeavouring  to  build  up  his  parishioners  in  their  most 
holy  faith ;  and  multitudes  had  cause  to  bless  God  for 
his  faithful  labours.  He  told  his  parishioners  that  he 
found  the  parish  to  consist  of  four  sorts  of  persons : 
scandalous,  ignorant,  hopeful  and  godly.  He  advised 
the  hopeful  and  godly  should  be  taken  into  fellowship ; 
the  scandalous  excluded  and  the  ignorant  informed.  It 
is  said  that  there  were  about  threescore  praying 
families  in  the  town  before  his  coming,  and  the  Lord 
blessed  his  endeavours  to  increase  them  to  fourscore 
In  that  populous  place  he  would  say  the  good,  like  the 
Prophet's  figs  were  very  good,  and  the  bad  were  verv 
bad. 

He  set  up  church  discipline  on  Congregational  lines, 
and  had  ruling  elders.  When  his  health  failed  he 
obtained  assistance  in  the  afternoons.  Some  of  his 
hearers  went  to  hear   Mr.  Oxenbridge    [at  the  Minster, 


260    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 

Beverley] ,  which  being  sensible  of,  he  called  a  public 
meeting  for  prayer,  &c,  and  proposed  the  question  whether 
there  is  a  true  church  at  Cottingham,  and  this  being 
answered  in  the  affirmative,  then  saith  he,  "  None  ought  to 
separate  from  it."  Only  one  person  left  him,  and  he 
afterwards  fell  into  poverty  and  was  generously  helped 
by  Mr.  Winter. 

His  first  wife  at  her  death  left  him  five  sons  and  £400 
a  year. 

Three  years  afterwards  he  married  Elizabeth,  daughter 
of  Christopher  Weaver,  Esq.,  with  whom  he  had  a  good 
portion. 

When,  in  1650,  the  Parliament  sent  four  commissioners 
to  Ireland  to  settle  the  affairs  of  that  distracted  kingdom, 
Mr.  Winter  accompanied  them  as  their  chaplain.  In 
the  city  of  Dublin  he  preached  twice  every  Sunday  in 
Christ's  Church.  A  letter  was  written  to  the  Church 
at  Cottingham,  April  13th,  1651,  stating  that  "  though 
his  return  to  you  this  summer  (at  least  for  a  season  for 
your  refreshment  in  spirit)  may  be  expected  by  you,  as 
we  understand  by  him — yet  the  great  work  he  hath  on 
his  hand  in  this  populous  city,  where  able  ministers  are 
very  scarce,  hath  caused  us  earnestly  to  desire  his 
continuance  until  next  year,  when  he  may  make  a  journey 
to  you." 

He  was  appointed  Provost  of  Trinity  College,  June  3rd, 
1652;  made  D.D.  17th  August,  1654;  and  along  with 
his  responsibilities  and  labours  in  the  College,  he  took 
upon  him  the  duties  of  a  constant  preacher  and  the  pastor 
of  a  church  of  the  Congregational  order,  which  was  in 
Christ's  Church.  He  took  part  in  forming  clerical 
associations  in  which  Independents,  Presbyterians,  and 
Episcopalians  could  meet  in  amity.  He  made  several 
journeys  in  Ireland  to  look  after  and  secure  the  estates 
belonging  to  the  College,  and  amongst  much  difficulty 
he  maintained  good  discipline  and  promoted  learning  and 
godliness.  He  also  commenced  a  lecture  at  St.  Nicholas' 
Church  at  7  a.m.  on  Sundays.  He  was  a  man  of  untiring 
energy. 


MINISTERS  VARIOUSLY  CONNECTED  WITH  YORKSHIRE.     261 

After  the  death  of  Cromwell  it  was  ordered  by  Parlia- 
ment, August  13th,  1659,  that  "  he  do  repair  to  England 
and  attend  the  pleasure  of  the  Parliament."  He  was 
again  at  the  College  on  the  election  of  officers,  November 
28th,  1659.  The  following  year,  at  the  Restoration,  he 
was  ejected  from  his  office  and  returned  to  England. 

After  his  ejection  he  sojourned  with  his  friends  in  and 
about  West  Chester,  Coventry  and  Hertfordshire,  and 
died  at  North  Luffenham,  Rutlandshire,  December  24th, 
1666,  aged  63.  An  interesting  account  of  the  closing 
scene  of  his  life  is  furnished  by  Palmer. 

John  Murcot,  M.A.,  who  was  placed  at  West  Kirby, 
Cheshire,  by  the  Committee  for  Plundered  Ministers, 
crossed  over  to  Dublin  in  165 1,  and  attached  himself  to 
Winter's  congregation.  He  was  teacher  of  the  church 
of  which  Winter  was  pastor,  died  November  10th,  1654, 
aged  29,  and  was  buried  in  St.  Mary's  Chapel,  Christ's 
Church  Cathedral.  A  volume  of  his  works  was  published 
in  1657,  with  account  of  his  life. 


APPENDIX. 


CONVENTICLES    IN    YORKSHIRE,    1669. 

{From  Returns  obtained  by  Archbishop  Sheldon.) 


NORTH  RIDING:  — 

Roman  Catholic  : 

Bar  wick  (2). 

Bedale. 

Melsonby. 

Stan  wick. 

Thornton  Steward. 
Baptist  : 

Stokesley. 

Undefined — Presbyterian    or 
Independent : 
Cloughton. 
Coxwold. 
Kilfcmrn. 

Quaker: 
Askrigg. 
Aysgarth. 
Bedale. 
Coverham. 
Grinton. 
Guisbo  rough  (3). 
Malton. 
Mytton  Hall. 
Richmond  (Old). 
Romaldkirk. 
Sleights. 
Startforth. 
Stokesley. 
Well. 

Whitby  (4). 
Wilton. 


EAST    RIDING:— 
Roman  Catholic: 
Tunstall. 

Presbyterian  : 
Bridlington. 

Undefined — Presbyterian 
Independent : 

Holmpton. 
Quaker  : 

Bridlington. 


OR 


Hilsdon. 
Hollym. 
Lisset. 
Paull. 


WEST    RIDING:— 

Presbyterian  : 

Hickleton. 

Houghton.* 

Pontefract.f 

Saddleworth. 

Swaith* 

Thornton. 

Undefined— Presbyterian    or 
Independent : 

Attercliffe. 

Batley. 

Coley. 

Croston  (Sowerby). 

Devvsbury. 

Holbeck. 

Hunslet. 

Leeds. 

Morley. 

Otley. 

Penistone.  \ 

Pudsey.} 

Rotherham  (2). 

Sheffield  (2). 

Shirecliff  Hall. 

Thorner. 

Tong. 

Baptist  : 

Pontefract.f 

Quaker  : 

Balby  (Doncaster  par.). 

Bentham. 

Burnsall. 

Clapham. 

Darfield. 

Halifax  (3). 

Handsworth. 

Illingworth. 

Knaresborough. 

Pontefract.f 

Ripon. 

Ripponden  (2). 

Sedbergh. 

Sowerby  Bridge  (2). 

Thornton    Chapel    or    Bishop 

Thornton.  § 
Thornton  (near  Bradford). 


*  Houghton  and  Swaith  are  called  M  Presbyterian  and  Independent." 

t  It  is  not  quite  clear  if  there  were  three  meetings,  or  only  one  of  Presbyterian, 

Baptist,  and  Quakers  together. 
X  The  meetings  at  Penistone  and  Pudsey  were  in  the  Churches,  there  being  no  lawful 

ministers  there. 
§  This  is  doubtfully  described  as  "  Quaker  or  Presbyterian." 


264     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


0L(S^&Ofefefefeh,4feMfeO£«&A<&4&<A4& 


CL,   O  Oh 


<U     C3 
c  .8  J 

Q  W  W 


MEETING  PLACES  IN   YORKSHIRE. 


265 


^         o 


0.O       H-ii-ICud,       Ph^UUUU     C4     (^UWfcOHfcM^U 


cu 


u  00 


IO 


^a  8  w  *  "a 


n 


\o 


h  a  m  «  a 


2  S 


9    N    S 

gal 


St 


<0 


I 
93 


•*         53  .2 


<D     o 


rt    o    <u 

tfl     rj     t-, 
Si     g 


a 


3 
.   o 

§  8     1 

s  g    a 


•  o 


sflfll 

£,5HS£ 


2  3   a 


35 1 

o   o 


fttf,  «  « 


.    ct5 

>  s 
*  a 


is 

1  .2 

i s 
I  i 


> 

C 

d 

M 

0 
2 

< 

> 

Tl 

r^ 

u 

m 

J 

jd 

u. 

0 

LO 

2 

Q 

O     O 

is 

&  I 
ll 


a  w 


w    - 

X  3 

1  5 

a  I 

I "« 

O       • 


I  8 
I  I 

O  X 

si    *-> 

w  o 

o  o 


"3  ,3  w 

S1    O     O 

O  ffi  ffi 


I] 

a -a 

o   a> 

111 

H  ° 
.  o 


W   8 


v  a  u 

a,  <u  a> 

o  ~3 

H 


<o  .s 


^r%      I     -S3 


I  :2 


a 
3-g 


S  ^  en  «  . 

-  a  a^ 


*5^^° 


o  o   o  o   o   o 


a 

3     • 

• 

0     • 

1/) 

0.) 

**    u 

P 

tip  « 

Ih 

3  ^ 

■ 

•S   d 

pa 

8  ft 

H3 

ju. 

rr! 

+.  "fl 

J=J 

a   ft 

U 

g  13 

X 

-V  K 

^rH 

^  <*. 

6 

t>  0 

CJ 

o 

.s|,|> 
ill 

•3  II 


ffiffi    ,5    Kffiffiffiffiffiffi<ffi<ffiffi 


be 
p 
o 

o   <o  o   >> 
2  44J 

a  .22  Si  S 

WhOO 


a* 

a 
1 

o 

O 
% 


a  8 


&    h    G 


6    *    S         ^ 


000 


KM    W    w  ffi  HI 


s  _  ° 

1*11 

1-St3§ 

CO      »^    -»-» 

*l|  a 

ffi  1-*  w  w 


266     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


CUhIOPwOUPmPUPh 


pn  p*  A«  i-i  U  &  w     Ph*       Pu  Cm  fti  CJ  Pw  A     Pm 


m  m 


o\    • 


a 
| 


C\  a  o   w   o 

pa     V'    i-j      u      i-i 


II 


in 


in  o 


•     0) 

fccnj 
o    cu 

«  i 


™     XI     J* 


B  S 

5-.     O 

A    c 


CO 


:  6 


12 

r«3  g 

il 

"  XI    o 
HO 


■2  fc 

TO    CQ 
*     5 

II 

£  co: 


a 

i 

1 

*    ; 

.    <u 

i 

a) 

u 

e    9 

§  5 

■a 

c 

n 

> 

cs 

o, 

o 

;nj 

n3  J* 
^      TO 

o 

CO 

a 

0 

3 

Q 

fll 

i — >i — i 

Q 

i 

o 
jS 
H 

.  c 
•  .2 

o 
i — i 

B 

o 

H 

T  o 

1  |* 

>-J     a  .S 

-   <  «. 

•^     °   o 

*5{  .     O 


I 


^   la 

>>C0 

u    u 


•    en 
<D 


i 


i  fc  .5 


5  8 


■ 

In  — 

CD  CD     o 

J  ^^  6 


w  _ 


o  o  .o   d 

w  a  I  cd 


2    <u 
o   § 

■So 

^2 


t  8 

OJ    p 


ro  a 


pq-^ 


Q 

S 

i 

1 

co  : 
■  i 


°  CO    «J 


II 


^2  ?  ^  *  8  it  s  ^""S  *  18  -  *  -^ 


fc  ffi  S  ffi  UJ 


o 


0)       CS 


o    o    o 


r    ffiffiK 


C    en 

:5^ 


§ 

o 

TO 

^3 

S-i 

^5 
H 

3 

h 

0 

0) 

5 

J2 

-i.    C3    mh 

1    •    3    i    e 

8 


*3  ^>    3 

C3  O    o 

:  b  :  S^i  b 

:  a  :  S1 1  s 


>^   o 


a  xi 

&    u 


2   o 


^3     rQ       ©       rt 


a 
c 

o 

O 

o 
M 


MEETING   PLACES  IN   YORKSHIRE. 


267 


OOfafafafafafafafafafaOOfafafafafafafafafaCJfafa       fa 


i 


CO 


6  °° 

Co     33     ™ 


HOO     H     N 

*  £  e<  p 


m 


•->    k^<     fa    P     5/    P     a. 
1 — ,^J    <    ►— >  <    1 — »CO 


h     g    00     N     CN     pj 

g  I    >,  ►,  ►.•«    >,  o 

POtcJco'cSocJp. 


ON       . 


c  *  Its 1 B 


I 

N      P 


A     ■S.cSSSS, 


<^ 


<N 


5 


«  DC 


.3  fa 

oJ 

CO  -rs 

H 

en  oJ 

s  A 

6  3 


en    »*      . 
—1     r\    -*-• 


r5     Ct3     »-;    • 

9  H  s 


at§ 

^  1  i 


fa  W  K 


fa  fa 


a  s 

si 


U  2 


P     fl 
o5     O 


j3     CO" 


a  £  m  %  0 


<D 


a  a 

eg. 


a   g   a  t?  .* 


d   8 

i  § 

I  8 


.   •  p 

o 

-  1 


o  -9 


p  2 

t— I    to 


■«  a 

W  fa 

o    O 


fa 


°  > 


O0OO0OOOOOO0O 

3}  8  3?  8  33  K  X  li  X  X  X  M  ffi    *  ffl  ffi 


5      p  43 

•^       fa  X 


a> 

a  ^  g   . 

g 

GJO   oJ     O 

0 
n 

klin 
tefr 
plet 
sey 

pj 

O      O      O      P 

a; 

fa 

fa    fa    fa    fa 

£, 

a 

rt 

s 

3 

§ 

M 

X! 

XI 

d 

0 

fa   fa 

N 

a 
1 

5 


1^ 

d     CD 
CO  CO 


G 

<-fH      U_| 
O        O 


p 


P 

o 

■s  s 


a 

CD         <U 

«  1 

ii 


•S5 

0     n 
fa   2, 


.2  *j 

U  <D  ,4 

fa  J  a 

O  >  o    o    o    O       o 

.  <u 

X  X  X  X  X  X   x 


Si 
3 

G 

o 


■a  <u  o 

X!    O    G 
CO  CO  CO 


9 

en 

fj 

^^3 

a 

0 

•q 

d 

0 

ci 

CCJ 

x 

H 

H 

H 

268     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


fro'aoo<ofi.P4  p4  fto&fHOd,   pk     b   HPihi 


c 

'A 


rt    rt    £,  rtl    C 


<0  u 

9    ■-(  O 


| 

>»5 


11 


2  m  2  2 


£ '&£,**>> 


s  s  <%  zz>%  ^so^qs  <  ^^^^^^^^^  a 


3  a 


N* 

u           O 

8 

than  G 

Hall 

ard  Co 

£ 

§  XS    O 

iia 

ts 


^ 


•a 


S? 


pq 


—     Of 
G  -5  H  CQ 


■a  §2ph1§ 


ISltlJ 


.  Xi 

B 


K  55 


o 
o 

ll 


-S-S  2 


_ri  m  jt  m  p 


aJ  PB| 

P 


0 

o 

MH     Xj 


9   R 

O    ri 


13  3 

m  J  gi 

_    p<  rt  .p 


S-s 


o   o   o   o 


13 
c3 

u 

> 

>      I 

a> 

s  JL 

s 

o  5 

1 — 1 

If: 

O     O 

j   o    ;>,  o 


<u 


BE  § 


c3 

5  xi  >"»  a 

.2  *?  nd  13 

PQ  £  J  <<  £  •« 

B 

l+H     «+H     <+*     <4-t     >4H        0) 

O    O    O    O    O     fl 


23 


P*    OT 


o 

a  « 
rt  xi 

»H    ♦« 

■  u 

a)  a> 
a  p 
9  a 


o    as 

C 

P     O 


W  K  K  -  M  g  ffi  ffi    ffi    ffi  ffi  ffi  X  X  2-  M     ffi    W  M  ffi  W  ffi  9-  3 


ts 


-»-•  sib 

X3    O    O  t> 


_  4)"   «  iS  W 

XI  ^  U3  ^.  3 

P  5  t5  S  o 

^  <J  H  o  ^ 

-M  ^j  ^  Cfl  {«       « 

o  c«  <»  «a  b  "S 

co  cu  <u  xl  o   »^ 


LICENCES  TO   PREACHERS   IN   YORKSHIRE. 


269 


<N 


& 

o 

CO 

8 

o 
h 

o 


is. 


ft; 


a   . 

§  : 
0  '£ 

di  M  M  di  di  di  04  di P*   di  W  di  Oh*  di  m  Oh  <    di  di  di  ^  f^*  p^ 


m 


It 


H      6 


m  <n    d    g 


00 

^     M       O      2     S 


o\  £  <o  VO  VO         VO 

«N       fi       M       M       M     ^^ 

CU   c8     d     cfl    ^^   (rt 


fef^l ^^s  I  frill  .a  **&££* 


o 

S 

:  H 


£      S3  • 

3  ad  a  d 


en     3 


o    q 


d 

o  o 


a 


£    I    S 

Jh     S     ¥     <U 

3^00 
■J-3   £3 

*  >  "2  12 


o   o 

wad 


6 


>•>  S  2  "a 


G}    t™ 


rf   a 


x  S^ffi 


2      M 

s?    o 

,d 

H 


■S3 


Si 

I    § 

SI 

w  w 

3  *S 

SB 


a 
I 


0)  T3 


m  W 


5  2  m 


> 

B 

tuo 

(D 

i 

o 


O     O 


^^^w^o 


M 

O 

_  :  :_^  :£   :-«?     a   :::::::   •       :   :  : 

I  "Six  1  8-11  i  71  .slasl    _gf^=^ 

I  ^^^§  J  12  §   tlfl  3  sf  s<d      |  s   ttt| 
a  3 |.g  el'Sf  8     1  -I  !•  f  =s "i  §  -I  &       9 

<<pq«WPQCQ««       WOOUOOO       QQ  Q 


270     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


uoi^tiiOciHCutiifi.ooPHw^cwc^ci.aififOHUCkfi.cwo^ 


^ 

^ 
X 


1 


00 

01 

m  C\ 

ja 

H       N 

H 

M 

h 

M 

re 

re 

re    re 

-  o 

-  > 

>, 

>-, 

G 

££££ 

fe 

3 

a 

d 

I 


VO 


O    .Q 
M     N     g 

75  S  ►— ,<  oo 


>y.    U      U      >~,    >i    >* 

re    Qj  Qj"^  ri    re 


>, 

^ 

H     <0 

H 

0 

a 

fe*     fc1^    ^ 

^H 

H 

|S 

s 

<u 

CO 

ti 


o 

□ 

o 

'3 

G 

u 

re 

9 

■ 

£ 

C1J 

O 

6 

a 

0) 

o 

Jh     O 

0)     J-i 


en 


o   o 


O  OK  K  O 


ffi  £ 


g 

H    o 

OJ    Jfl 
.M     4) 

a  <u 

o   re 

•— >  o 

S    M 


E 


•  <D 

•  S-t 
u  s- 
«  re 
d  3 

tf  re 


^-5^!! 


g  «d 


•aiS 


8. 


re   S 

o  3,. 


ffi^ 


OKOOOE 


.  K 


.a 

II 
a 

re  £• 

C/2   -g 
o    £ 


w  00 


a  o 
•s    o 

1 1 

s 

re 

o 

f§  ffi  O  ffi  o 


8 


a 


3  E  V. 


iJ  §  .52  <u  0 


pqfa£ooooWP4«H£Hoo«Ooo 


5,        £ 


;M 

c 

P        "re    a) 

re 

mond 
rby 
Sand 
thorp 
n  .. 

^    re 

M   <u    v   a   o 

•Q  •§ 

»  ■Ifl-S'^S 

45  oo 

ffi  00  W  W  00 

—    *    o^  + 


rfcj.    ;  fl 


+ 


re    o 
re 


«    .    W  ^  - 

RJ|  s  3 
B « «B  •s  rf 


+ 


a  .5 

■S  a 

o 


El  9 

5  5 


M 


re 

•5  a 
re  x! 
g   o   c 

—'     .    O 


— '  O 

-  o 

rs  a 
re   re 


opflfiQhhooon 


■a 

a 

o 

re   <u 


o 


.         .         .         .       rf  ^ 
.         •         .      t>.   00 

stales 

.it 9  -rffi 

:   H    «    to   *;   2    ^ 

C  ^  ,S  d  -g  o 

O     O     O     S3     w   -K 

KM     H     H       «1       O 
l-H     l-H     HH     I— I     I— > 


LICENCES   TO   PREACHERS   IN    YORKSHIRE. 


27  T 


Pm    Pl,    pL,  d,       OO0.PU0.O  o-fc  pu  o  o 


fL,  PL,   PL,  PL,      pL,      <J 


^1 


o>  10  VO 


^^^%^ 


cu  o    Q    rt 


mj  O 


^  ^o 


^  S   >   rT1  a  >>  u 


s 

I 

"ft 

« 
o 
I 

o 


■d 

rd 

0 

a 

n 

a) 

Xl 

O 

<u    o 

o 


0  w 
H  O 


o 

CO  t-1 


000 


KM 


E  0 


a 
o 
.S3  t? 

£  §   o 


i  1  j  1 1 

«*H  t|-l  <+H  <+H 

c   o  o  o  o 

I  8  ffl  ffi  ffi 


S  £ 
co  I 

^  s 


<J  Q) 


•M    3 


PQ 


1    J 


8  | 


•  —1       ro 


■a 

o 


a  o 
gfl-8 

<u    o    O    a> 
«  K  Pm  _} 


2  is  +  g* 

»  »— >  PL,   m 


S   E   Z   £ 


PL. 

CD 

O 

O 
*o 


d 

Ou^   ^      * 

0 

eds, 
nshe 
wlan 
laby 

<d    d    <u    c 

p 

JH  £< 

fc 

o     2 

s 

1 3 


1  :S 

3  o  ffi 


d      rf 


bo    ""d 

S    *3 
«  Q    J    K 


CD 


a.  ° 

X! 
O 
•— 1 

2 

0 

u 
W 

»    M     Oh 

H    2    w    a 

t/3 

^_^ 

d   C 

0  xi 

+ 

,  Edw 
John 
Thorn 
d,  Jor 

O 

6 

Anth 
son,  C 

p 

c           _   « 

C! 

u   T3 

ewto 
oble, 
liver, 
ackla 

O 

3 

1 

11 

rocto 
ichar 

c 

be 

0 

%  X  O  P-, 

PL. 

P4 

Pm  P< 

K 

272    YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMIT  Y. 

ST 

O*  k*  Oh*  Pw"  Hi  Pm  Ph*  Pm  fc  Pw  O  U  m  Pm  m  O  PQ  O  Pm  m  Pw  w    fc    fC  Pm 


Vi 


1 


<N 


9  .  *-<        »H 


s  a 


B 


.£       ::•••::••       :   •   :   :  « :   :     :     •  :  a 


f^  T3 


§«::  ~   :::§:§:  o  ::»::::  e   :  =     :    :  §   * 

n-  w"  .  1 .  .*  .«jg  ...il . .  .lis  d .  *  i 

^j     KffidwHd&aidKKKodoSdddEEE  o  ok  I 
5       ::::::::::   :*   :::::::::::::    3 

S  Q  I 

J       g  . ■.. I 

o      •     •     • rt 

£  -s  a 

*      ::::::::      :  :#1  :  &  :1  :      :■::    rj-rj 

*■■■■■■  ^a-assge-ala-ll  -Is  •  !  : 


I*!*   i«filliiII3ili.Ii 


1     ml  xlllllllifllllS^fl  I  la 


^       PQ      pL,  j      K  J  <J  55  O  c/5  co  £  K  ffi  S  K  pq  3  ph  pq  ffi    {*    ££ 
ct;      o^::::::::::::::+:::::j^    •     :: 

<^      -S _*:"cT sa    •   •   :   *  *      — «        : 

s  -rill     sj^s  &+tl*  i  4 


H 


AUTHORITIES  QUOTED  OR    USED. 


273 


AUTHORITIES    QUOTED    OR    USED. 


[The  following  List  of  Authorities  used  by  the  Author  is  probably 
incomplete. — Ed.] 


Adams,  Melchior,   Lives  of  German 
Divines. 

Baker,  Register  Cambridge  Univer- 
sity. 

Bale,  Centuries. 

Barclay,  Apology  for  the  Quakers. 

Barnes,  Ambrose,  Diary  of. 

Beloe's  Anecdotes  of  Literature. 

Bennet,  Memorial  of  the  Reforma- 
tion. 

Beverley,  Corporation  Records. 

Birch,  Life  of  Tillotson. 

Bradford  Antiquary,  Papers  in. 

British  Museum — 

Additional  MSS.,  15,669-70. 
Additional  Charters,  17,226. 
Birch  MSS.,  4,460. 
Hunter  MSS. 

Broadmead  Records. 

Brook,  Lives  of  the  Puritans. 

Booth,  History  of  Pontefract. 

Calendars  of  State  Papers. 

Calamy,  Account  of  Ejected  Minis- 
ters, First  Edition. 

Camden,  Magna  Britannia. 

Camden  Society's  Publications,  va- 
rious. 

Chetham  Society's  Publications. 

Chancery  Survey. 

Clarke,  Papers  (Camden  Society). 

Conformist's  Plea  for  the  Noncon- 
formists. 

Crosby,  History  of  the  Baptists. 

Cudworth,  Round  about  Bradford. 

David's  Annals  of  Nonconformity  in 
Essex. 

Delaune,  Narrative  of  Sufferings  of. 
T 


Dictionary  of  National  Biography. 

Drake,  Eboracum. 

Dunton,  John,  Life  and  Errors  of. 

Edwards,  Gangraena. 

Entry  Books,  etc.,  in  Public  Record 

Office. 
Eyre,  Adam,  Diary. 
Evangelical  Magazine,  Papers  in. 
Fabric  Rolls — Public  Record  Office. 
Fairfax  Correspondence. 
Fox,  George,  Journal. 
Frankfort,  History  of  Troubles  at. 
Fuller,  Worthies  of  England. 
Gardiner,  Documents  of  the  Puritan 

Revolution. 
Gentleman's  Magazine,  Articles  in. 
Hailstone's  Worthies. 
Halley,  Lancashire  Puritanism  and 

Nonconformity. 
Hanbury,    Historical    Memorials    of 

the  Independents. 
Hey  wood,  Oliver,  Diaries,  etc.,  of. 
Hibbert,   History  of   the   Collegiate 

Church  of  Manchester. 
Holroyd,  Collectanea. 
Hunter,  Hallamshire. 

,,        Life  of  O.  Hey  wood. 
James,    Presbyterian    Chapels    and 

Charities. 
Jolly,  T.,  Notebook  of. 
Journals  of  Parliament  (both  Houses) 
Lawton,  Collections. 
Lewis,    History    of    Congregational 

Church  at  Cockermouth. 
Liber  Ecclesiasticus. 
Lightfoot's  Works. 
Lister,  Joseph,  Autobiography. 


274     YORKSHIRE  PURITANISM  AND  EARLY  NONCONFORMITY. 


Authorities    Quoted    or    Used    (continued). 


Markham,  Fairfax. 

Mayer,  Life  of  Matthew  Robinson. 

Miall,   Congregationalism    in   York- 
shire. 

Monthly  Repository,  various  papers. 

Morrice  MS.  in  Williams's  Library. 

Neal,   History  of  the  Puritans,  and 
Notes  in  Toulmin's  Edition. 

Newcome's  Diary. 

Nicholl's  Literary  Anecdotes. 

Nightingale's    Lancashire    Noncon- 
formity. 

Northowram  Register. 

Orme's  Life  of  Owen. 

Paget,  Hseresiography. 

Palmer,  Nonconformists'  Memorial. 

Parliamentary  Survey,  1650. 

Pearson's  Northowram  History  and 
Antiquities. 

Peck,  Desiderata  Curiosa. 

Poulson's  Holderness. 

Raine,  History  of  Hemingborough. 
Yorkshire     Diaries     (Surtees 
Society). 

Reresby,    Life    and    Travels   of   Sir 
John. 

Savage,  Genealogical   Dictionary  of 
First  Settlers  in  New  England. 

Sampson's  Day  Book — British  Mu- 
seum. 


Shaw,  J.,  Diary  of  (Surtees  Society). 

Sidney,  Diary  and  Correspondence 
of  Charles  II. 

Sheldon,  Archbishop,  MS.  Collections 
in  Lambeth  Library. 

Slate,  Life  of  Oliver  Hey  wood. 

Speight,  Lower  Wharfedale. 

Stevens,  History  of  Church  at  Rot- 
terdam. 

Surtees  Society  Publications,  various. 

Sylvester,  Reliquiae  Buxterianae. 

Thoresby,  Diary  and  Correspond- 
ence. 

Urwick,  Nonconformity  in  Cheshire. 
,,  Early  History  of  Trinity 
College,  Dublin. 

Waddington,  Congregational  History. 

Wilson,  W.,  Dissenting  Churches  in 
London,  etc. 

Woodrow,  List  of  Suffering  Scottish 
Ministers. 

Wood,  Ant.,  Athenae  Oxonienses  et 
Fasti. 

Wood,  Ant.,  History  of  Oxford 
Colleges,  Gulch's  Edition. 

York  Archaeological  Journal. 

York  Depositions. 

Yorkshire  County  Magazine,  Papers 


Also  a  large  number  of  Parish  Registers,  Wills,  Church  Books,  Funeral 
Sermons,  Sepulchral  Inscriptions,  and  Private  Letters. 


Alexander  &  Shepheard,  Ltd.,  Printers,  Rolls  Buildings,  Fetter  Lane,  E.C. 


w 


14  DAY  USE 

RETURN  TO  DESK  FROM  WHICH  BORROWED 

LOAN  DEPT. 

This  book  is  due  on  the  last  date  stamped  below,  or 

on  the  date  to  which  renewed. 

Renewed  books  are  subject  to  immediate  recall. 


REC'D  LD 


AHR2g'65-12M 


Due  end  c 




_ 


REC'DLD    oA» 


-i — — »^ — 


3/-J 


b    '72 -HAM     4 


EP     81976 

gCCIB.*»»    1 


LD  2lA-60m-3,'65 
(F2336sl0)476B 


General  Library 

University  of  California 

Berkeley