U.63U.7 116c no.9U0 1972 cop. 5 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign http://www.archive.org/details/1972suggestedins01972urba * _C[RCULAm!GCOPY AGRICULTUf 1972 Suggested Insecticide Guide Insect Control BY THThOMEOWNER Much has been said about the effects of pesticides, par- ticularly insecticides, on the health and well-being of the American people. The homeowner, however, is also aware that he is constantly faced with a horde of in- sects, intent upon destroying his property or making his life uncomfortable. Occasionally he can avoid or reduce the destruction wrought by some pests without using an insecticide, but to control most insects, he must rely on an insecticide. This will provide the satis- factory control that he demands. By careful use of insecticides, the homeowner can enjoy reasonable freedom from insects without endan- gering either himself, his family, or his pets. He must recognize, however, that insecticides are designed to destroy one group of animals — insects — and can be harmful to other animals, including man himself, if used with disregard of normal safety precautions. It is up to each insecticide user to handle, apply, and store insecticides safely to reap their benefits without suffer- ing from their dangers. For further information on safe use of pesticides Circular 906 is available from the College of Agriculture at Urbana. The suggestions in this publication list certain in- secticides to control insect pests of food, fabrics, struc- tures, man and animals, lawns, shrubs, trees, flowers, and vegetables. We have tried to suggest only the safest materials that the homeowner needs. Many people prefer to employ the services of a professional exterminator or custom applicator rather than to be- come involved with selection and application of an insecticide. The names used in these tables are the common coined chemical names, not the trade names, and as such may not be familiar to you. For instance, the common name for Cygon is dimethoate. If there is no coined chemical name, the trade name is used but is capitalized. Requested label clearances for a few uses of some insecticides, carriers, and solvents is uncertain for 1972, since many requests have not yet been officially cleared. ConseqiIeTTRy7=4abels may be cancelled and the product removed from the market at any time. Anticipating this we took a conservative attitude a few years ago and be- gan modifying these suggested uses. We have attempted to anticipate any further label changes in 1972, but there still may be an occasional use cancelled. Be sure to check with your local county extension adviser if you are not sure about the insecticide you plan to use. We will make announcements of label changes through the news media in an attempt to keep you up to date. Suggestions for use of insecticides, effective from a practical standpoint, are based on available data. Many factors affect efficiency of control. Report de- tails of control failures to us. In using these tables always read the footnotes be- fore using the insecticides. They list precautions and other pertinent information. Leaflets on specific insects, their life history, habits, damage, and cultural control methods are available from the county extension adviser or by writing to Office of Agricultural Publications, University of Illi- nois College of Agriculture, Urbana, Illinois 61801. They are indicated in tables by NHE or Circular numbers. Other circulars on insect control are: Circular 897 — Insect Control for Commercial Vege- table Crops and Greenhouse Vege- tables; Circular 898 — Insect Control for Livestock and Live stock Barns; Circular 899 — Insect Control for Field Crops; Circular 1004 — Pest Control in Commercial Fruit Plantings. These are available from the county offices or the Col- lege of Agriculture at Urbana. These suggestions are subject to change without notification during the year. UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE In cooperation with ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY CIRCULAR 900 COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE Urbana, Illinois, December, 1971 Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension Work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. JOHN B. CLAAR, Director, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. VEGETABLE INSECTS Insects Crop Insecticide Suggestions Aphids (NHE-47) Leafhoppers (NHE-22) Mites (NHE-58) Thrips Most garden crops malathion Apply on foliage to control the insects. Aphids and leafhoppers transmit plant diseases; early control is important. Mites web on the underside of leaves; apply insecticide to underside of leaves early before extensive webbing occurs. Blister beetles (NHE-72) Cutworms (NHE-77) Flea beetles (NHE-36) Grasshoppers (NHE-74) Leafhoppers (NHE-22) Picnic beetles (NHE-40) Most garden crops carbaryl For cutworms, attach collars of paper, aluminum foil, or metal at planting for small numbers of plants, or apply insecticide to base of plants at first sign of cutting. Control grasshoppers in garden borders when hoppers are small. For picnic beetles, pick and destroy overripe or damaged vegetables. Wireworms (NHE-43) and other soil insects (NHE-23, 27) Most garden crops diazinon When tearing up sod for a garden, apply to soil and rake in before planting. All cabbage worms (NHE-45) Cabbage and related crops, salad crops, and leafy vegetables bacillus Presence of white butterflies signals start of infestation. Con- thuringiensis2 trol worms when small. It is almost impossible to raise cole carbaryl or crops in Illinois without controlling these pests, malathion Hornworms (NHE-130) Tomatoes carbaryl Handpicking usually provides satisfactory control. Earworms (NHE-33) Tomatoes and sweet corn carbaryl Apply to late-maturing tomatoes 3 to 4 times at 5- to 10-day intervals from small-fruit stage. Apply at fresh -silk stage to early and late corn every 2 days 4 to 5 times. Colorado potato beetles Eggplant, potatoes, tomatoes carbaryl Apply as needed. Insects usually present only in late May and June. Potato leafhoppers (NHE-22) Potatoes, beans carbaryl or malathion Apply 3 to 4 times at weekly intervals starting in late May or early June. Late potatoes and beans require additional treat- ments. Most serious pest of potatoes and beans in Illinois. Bean leaf beetles (NHE-67) Beans carbaryl Leaves are riddled in early plantings. Apply once or twice as needed. Mexican bean beetle Beans carbaryl Except for southern Illinois, only a pest of late beans. Apply insecticide to underside of leaves. Cucumber beetles (NHE-46) Vine crops carbaryl or malathion Apply as soon as beetles appear in spring. When blossoming begins, apply insecticide late in the day so as not to interfere with pollination by bees. Squash vine borers Squash carbaryl Make weekly applications to crowns and runners when plants begin to vine. Apply late in day. Squash bugs (NHE-51) Squash and pumpkins carbaryl Apply as soon as small nymphs are seen and as needed. Does not kill large nymphs and mature bugs. Apply late in day. Corn borer Sweet corn carbaryl Apply 4 times every 3 days to whorl and ear zone of early corn when feeding appears on whorl leaves. Days to Wait Between Application and Harvest Collards, Cabbage kale, and and other leafy related crops Beans Lettuce crops Sweet Vine corn Onions crops1 Tomatoes Pumpkin Eggplant Peas Potatoes carbaryl 14 0 14 3 0 0 0 0 malathion 7 1 14 7 5 3 1 1 3 0 3 0 0 3 0 1 Only apply insecticide late in the day after blossoms have closed to avoid bee kill. * No time limitations. Amount of Insecticide for Volume of Spray 1 gal. 6 gal. 100 gal. Commercial dust carbaryl (Sevin) 50% W.P. 2 tbl. SA cup 2 lb. malathion 50-57% E.C. 2 tsp. 4 tbl. 1 qt. 5% 4% Apply 1 ounce of actual diazinon per 1,000 square feet. To do this mix J4 pint (4 fluid ounces) of 25% diazinon water to cover 1,000 square feet, usually 2 to 3 gallons of water. Rake into soil. emulsion in enough Note : E.C. = emulsion concentrate; W.P. = wettable powder. v. Ants (NHE-111) This treatment provides 5-year protection. In established sod, apply as granules or spray to small area and then water in very thoroughly before treating another small area. For new seedings, mix in soil before planting. Do not plant vegetable root crops in treated soil for 5 years. Ants (NHE-111) Cicada killer and other soil-nesting wasps (NHE-57, 79) diazinon 25% E.C. % cup 2% G. 5 lb. Apply as spray or granules and water in thoroughly. For individual nests pour 1% diazinon in nest. Seal in with dirt. Sod webworms Millipedes and sowbugs (NHE-93, 115) carbaryl 50% W.P. Hlb. 5%G. 4 1b. diazinon 25% E.C. % cup 2%G. 5 1b. trichlorfon 50% W.P. 4 oz. 5%G. 2HH>. As sprays, use at least 2.5 gal. of water per 1,000 sq. ft. Do not water for 72 hours after treatment. As granules, apply from fertilizer spreader. Armyworms Cutworms Chinch bugs carbaryl 50% W.P. 5%G. 2 oz. 1 lb. Apply as sprays or granules. Use 5 to 10 gal. of water per 1,000 sq. ft. Leafhoppers carbaryl 50% W.P. methoxychlor 25% E.C. 2 oz. 2 oz. Apply as a spray. Aphids malathion 50-57% E.C. 1 tbl. Spray grass thorough 1 Chiggers diazinon 1 tbl. Spray grass thoroughly. Mites dicofol 18.5% E.C. malathion 50-57% E.C. 1 tbl. 1 tbl. Spray grass thoroughly, 2 to 2.5 gal. of water per 1,000 sq. ft. Slugs (NHE-84) Slug baits Scatter in grass Apply where slugs are numerous. 1 E.C. = emulsion concentrate ; W.P. = wettable powder * To determine lawn size in square feet, multiply length garden, etc. Do not allow people or pets on lawn until the ; G. = granules. times width of lawn and subtract non-lawn areas including house, driveway, spray has dried. ANIMAL AND NUISANCE INSECTS Insects1 Insecticide2 Method of application Suggestions Ants (NHE-111) Crickets Spiders (N HE- 116) (NHE-17) chlordane 1% spray diazinon 0.5% spray diazinon 0.5% P.S.C. Baygon 0.5% P.S.C. Outdoors: Use a waterbase spray of chlordane or diazinon. Spray on outside of foundation of house. To prevent insect migrations into house, spray com- pletely around outside foundation wall and adjacent 4-inch strip of soil. Indoors: Use diazinon or Baygon oil-base sprays in pressurized spray cans. Apply to baseboards, cracks, and door thresholds. Bed bugs malathion 1% spray Spray slats, springs, and bed frame thoroughly. Apply a light spray to seams, tufts, and folds of mattresses. Dry before use. Use clean bedding. Booklice or barklice diazinon 0.5% in P.S.C. Baygon 0.5% in P.S.C. Spray undersides of book- shelves and infested areas. Remove books and papers from damp storage areas; spray where booklice are found. Improve ventilation. Boxelder bugs (NHE-9) diazinon 0.5% spray carbaryl 1% spray Outdoors: Spray trunks of infested boxelder trees during late summer when bugs are present. Outdoors: Spray the clusters of boxelder bugs on trunks of trees, foundation walls, under eaves, and other areas where they gather. Removal of seed- bearing boxelder trees is also helpful. Indoors: Re- move with vacuum or broom. For personal protection repellents such as DEET, OFF, 612, etc., will prevent attack. Chiggers (NHE-127) malathion 1% spray diazinon 0.5% spray Wood ticks (NHE-56) carbaryl 1% spray diazinon 0.5% spray malathion 1% spray Outdoors: Treat bushes, lawn, fence rows, along roadsides, and areas not regularly mowed. Clover mites (NHE-2) chlorobenzilate 0.03% spray dicofol 0.03% spray malathion 1% spray pyrethrin 0.1% P.S.C. Purchase E.C. and dilute with water. Spray outside of house from ground up to windows and adjacent 10 ft. of lawn. Repeat in 7-10 days if necessary. Remove grass and weeds from 18-inch strip next to foundation. Indoors: Vacuum, or spray with 0.1% pyrethrin in house. Cluster flies (NHE-1) dichlorvos 20% resin strip3 pyrethrin 0.1% P.S.C. 1 strip per 1,000 cu. ft. in attic or room. Fog lightly in room. Repeat as needed. Seal cracks around windows, eaves, and siding to prevent entry. Drain flies (NHE-91) Outdoors: malathion 0.5% spray Spray shrubbery, tall grass and refuse containers. Indoors: pyrethrin 0.1% in P.S.C, or 20% dichlorvos resin strip8 Use fine mist or fog of pyrethrin or 1 resin strip per 1,000 cu. ft. Indoors: Use chemicals only after solving sanitation problems. Clean out overflow drains, drain traps, and cellar drains. Pour boiling water or rubbing alcohol into overflow drain to eliminate maggots. Elm leaf beetles (NHE-82) pyrethrin 0.1% P.S.C. carbaryl 1% spray Use aerosol sprays for quick kill, or collect with vacuum or broom. Sprays with carbaryl on nearby Chinese elm trees for control of elm leaf beetle larvae will help. Fleas (NHE-107) Brown dog tick (NHE-56) carbaryl 5% dust malathion 4% dust diazinon 0.5% P.S.C. Baygon 0.5% P.S.C. Dust areas inside and out- side the home where the pet rests. Dust pets di- rectly as needed. Indoors: For heavy infestations of ticks or fleas use diazinon or Baygon to treat baseboards, around rugs, under furniture, door casings, cracks, etc. Vacuum rugs and upholstered furniture thoroughly. Flies (NHE-16) Gnats Mosquitoes (NHE-94) Outdoors: malathion 1% spray Purchase E.C. and dilute with water. Spray shrubbery, flowers, tall grass, around doorways and refuse contain- ers and other resting sites. Dispose of refuse twice each week. Eliminate standing water in eaves, troughs, old tires, toys, tin cans, etc. Indoors: pyrethrin 0.1% space spray ; or dichlorvos 20% resin strips3 Use fine mist or fog of pyrethrin or use one 20% slow release dichlorvos resin strip per 1,000 cu. ft. Use screening and keep repaired. Dichlorvos resin strips give good control in tight enclosed areas for about 3 months. Fly swatters are also effective. 1 Leaflets on specific insects, their life history, habits, damage, and cultural control methods are indicated by NHE or circular num- bers. These are available from the county extension adviser or by writing to Office of Agricultural Publications, University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Urbana, Illinois 61801. * Whenever possible purchase specially prepared ready-to-use forms of insecticides for indoor use. When preparing a quantity of 1 gallon or more of a spray of a desired percentage, use the dilution table on page 8. You need to know only the formulation of the insecti- cide when using the dilution table. * Do not use in pet shops or if tropical fish are present. Do not use in kitchens, restaurants, or areas where food is present. Do not use in nurseries or rooms where infants, ill, or aged persons are confined. Note : E.C. = emulsion concentrate ; W.P. = wettable powder ; P.S.C. = pressurized spray can ; O. = oil solution (usually in pres- surized spray can). (SEE PESTICIDE DILUTION TABLE ON PAGE 8) ANIMAL AND NUISANCE INSECTS (Continued) Insects1 Insecticide2 Method of application Suggestions Ground beetles Black vine weevils Clover leaf weevils chlordane 1% spray diazinon 0.5% spray carbaryl 1% spray Spray outside foundation of house. Indoors: Use vacuum and pick up beetles. They are attracted to indoor and porch lights. Where possible use yellow bulbs outside. Millipedes, centipedes, sowbugs (NHE-93) diazinon 0.5% spray carbaryl 1% spray trichlorfon 1% spray Spray outside foundation and at least 3 ft. of adjacent soil. Treat entire lawn as for webworms if pests are abun- dant. Remove debris from ground along foundation. Collect with vacuum when found indoors. Picnic Beetles carbaryl 1% spray malathion 1% spray diazinon 0.5% spray Apply to garbage pails, decaying vegetables, and refuse frequented by these beetles. Additional treatments every 4 or 5 days may be needed. Pick fruits and vegetables before they become overripe to reduce the problem. Springtails (NHE-70) chlordane 1% spray diazinon 0.5% spray malathion 0.5% spray Outdoors: Spray soil next to the house, especially grassy moist areas. Eliminate low moist spots around the house. Indoors: Use vacuum. Wasps (NHE-79) Hornets (NHE-17) Bees dichlorvos 0.5% P.S.C. dichlorvos 20% resin strip3 carbaryl 1% spray or 5% dust; or malathion 1% spray or 4% dust Treat nests of bees, wasps, or hornets after dark. Hanging dichlorvos resin strips in attic will help prevent infestations. For nests below ground, apply carbaryl and seal open- ing with soil. For bees, spray nests in partitions. Drill holes through siding to inject insecticide, if necessary. Nests and honey should be removed and destroyed. FOOD, FABRIC, AND STRUCTURAL INSECTS Insects1 Insecticide2 Method of application Suggestions Carpenter ants (NHE-10) chlordane 2% O. or 5% dust Spray or dust nest Use foundation spray as recommended for ants. They entrances and runways. are difficult to control. Nests should be treated di- rectly for best results. Carpet beetles (NHE-87) Tissue paper beetles Clothes moths (NHE-87) Larder beetles diazinon 0.5% P.S.C. Spray storage areas and infested places like the back and edge of carpeting, baseboards, beneath drawers, etc. Prevent lint and dust from accumulating. Treat crevices, cracks, closets, and infested areas of shelv- ing. Clean hot air registers and cold air shafts. Dry cleaning kills these pests. Store cleaned or washed woolens in insect-free chests and plastic bags. Cockroaches: German (NHE-3) Brown-banded (NHE-4) American (NHE-5) Oriental (NHE-5) diazinon 0.5% P.S.C. Baygon 0.5% P.S.C. Spray runways and hiding places. Repeat treatments may be needed in 2 or 3 weeks. Treat under sink, refrigerator, cabinets, on base- boards, etc. Complete treatment throughout home may be needed for successful control of brown-banded roach. Pantry and cereal insects Saw-toothed grain beetles (NHE-11) Cigarette beetles diazinon 0.5% P.S.C.4 Baygon 0.5% P.S.C.4 pyrethrin 0.1% P.S.C. Spray inside of food cabinets very lightly and only after shelves are empty and cleaned. Discard infected packages. Scrub or vacuum food cabinets and shelves. Force spray into cracks and crevices; allow to dry; cover shelves with clean, fresh paper. Do not contaminate food or utensils with insecticide. Powder-post beetles (NHE-85) chlordane 2% O. Pentachlorophenol 5% O. Paint, spray, or dip to saturate infested wood. Pentachlorophenol is a wood preservative also, but it has a strong persistent odor. Follow label directions. Silverfish (NHE-86) diazinon 0.5% P.S.C. Baygon 0.5% P.S.C. Spray runways, baseboards, closets, and places where pipes go through the walls. Repeat treatments in 2 weeks if needed. Keep books and papers in dry places. Termites (NHE-57) chlordane 1% Purchase E.C. and dilute with water or oil Soak 6-inch width of soil down to footing around and beneath building, 1 gal. per 2 cu. ft. of soil. Remove termite mud tubes connecting wood to soil. Eliminate wood-to-soil contacts. Ventilate to keep unexcavated areas dry. 1 Leaflets on specific insects, their life history, habits, damage, and cultural control methods are indicated by NHE or circular num- bers. These are available from the county extension adviser or by writing to Office of Agricultural Publications, University of Illinois College of Agriculture, Urbana, Illinois 61801. 'Whenever possible purchase specially prepared ready-to-use forms of insecticides for indoor use. When preparing a quantity of 1 gallon or more of a spray of a desired percentage, use the dilution table on page 8. You need to know only the formulation of the insecti- cide when using the dilution table. * Do not use in pet shops or if tropical fish are present. Do not use in kitchens, restaurants, or areas where food is present. Do not use in nurseries or rooms where infants, ill, or aged persons are confined. 4 For use only by pest control operators. Homeowners should use 0.1% pyrethrin. Note: E.C. = emulsion concentrate; W.P. = wettable powder; P.S.C. = pressurized spray can; O. = oil solution (usually in pres- surized spray can). (SEE PESTICIDE DILUTION TABLE ON PAGE 8) PESTICIDE DILUTION TABLE HOW TO USE: When preparing a spray of a de- sired percentage you need to know only the formulation of the particular product. (Examples: Kelthane 18.5% wettable powder; Kelthane 18.5% emulsion concen- trate.) For instance, if you were preparing a 1% chlordane solution for spraying the foundation of the home, you would mix 5 tablespoons of chlordane 45% E.C. into each gallon of water. The formulations of insecticides in the following table may be purchased from hardware stores, pest control establishments, lawn and garden centers, and other sources. For some jobs, such as spraying outdoors to control flies or mosqui- toes, a gallon or more of properly diluted spray is required. To obtain the percent concentration sug- gested for controlling a particular insect, add the amount of pesticide suggested in the following table to one gallon of water. Pesticide formulation Amount of insecticide needed per gallon of spray Desired concentration 0.03% 0.5% 1.0% carbaryl (Sevin) 50% W.P. chlordane 45% E.C. chlordane 72% E.C. chlorobenzilate 25% E.C. chlorobenzilate 45% E.C. chlorobenzilate 25% W.P. diazinon (Spectracide) 25% E.C. dicofol (Kelthane) 18.5% W.P. dicofol (Kelthane) 18.5% E.C. malathion 50-57% E.C. trichlorfon (Dylox) 80% W.P. 4 tbsp. 8 tbsp. 8 tsp. 5 tbsp. 4 tsp. 8 tsp. 1 tsp. Htsp. l^tsp. 5 tbsp. 10 tbsp. 2 tsp. 1H tsp. 7 tsp. 4J^ tbsp 8 tsp. l3Aoz. (tbsp. = tablespoon tsp. = teaspoon) CONVERSION TABLE FOR SMALL QUANTITIES 1 level tablespoon = 3 level teaspoons 1 fluid ounce = 2 tablespoons 1 cup = 8 fluid ounces or 16 tablespoons 1 pint = 2 cups 1 quart = 2 pints or 32 fluid ounces 1 gallon = 4 quarts or 128 fluid ounces COMMON NAMES OF INSECTICIDES Below is a list of the common names of insecticides used in these tables, followed by the commercial trade name in parentheses, and the chemical name. These are listed to aid you in purchasing pesticides in pressurized spray cans. The label on the container usually lists these products by the common name or chemical name. Be sure to read the label. carbaryl (Sevin) 1-naphthyl methylcarbamate chlorobenzilate (Acaraben) ethyl 4, 4'-dichlorobenzilate deet (Off, Kik) N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide diazinon (Spectracide) O, O-diethyl 0-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl) phosphorothioate dichlorvos (Vapona, DDVP) 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate dicofol (Kelthane) 4,4'-dichloro-a-(tri = chloromethyl) benzhydrol dimethoate (DeFend, Cygon) O, O-Dimethyl S-(N-Methyl carbamoyl methyl) phosphorodithioate ethyl hexanediol (6-12, Rutgers 612) 2-ethyl-l, 3-hexanediol malathion (Cythion) diethyl mercaptosuccinate, S-ester with 0,0-dimethyl phosphorothioate propoxur (Baygon) O-isopropoxyphenyl methylcarbamate pyrethrin principally from plant species Chrysanthemum cinariae folium 25M— 12-71— 19990 uNlVERS.TYOnU»NOIS-URBANA 900 REM l972 C005 "^"Ol 9541 223