Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2011 with funding from University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign UN! 0p ILL \y AT Ul PAIGN http://www.archive.org/details/1987insectpestma01987rand tJe* 1oD Re\/< /g/^ -CIRCULATING COPY AGRICULTURE LIBRARY 1 987 Insect Pest Management Guide HOME, YARD, and GARDEN^™* library WIAK 0 4 130 > Much has been said about the effects of pesti- cides, particularly insecticides, on the health and well- being of the American people. However, as you are also aware, insects can destroy your property or make your life uncomfortable. Destruction of crop residues, varietal selection, handpicking, fertilization, tree pruning, irriga- tion, screening, and otheryjj^VCRStTYrflS^U^MQ^ the number of insects with which you must contend. Oc- casionally, you can avoid or at least reduce the destruc- tion caused by some pests without using an insecticide. For may insects, though, you must rely on an insecticide to provide the satisfactory management you want. Safe Use of Insecticides By using insecticides and other pest-management tools carefully, you can enjoy reasonable freedom from insects without endangering yourself, your family, or your pets. You must recognize, however, that insecticides are designed to destroy one group of animals — in- sects — and can be harmful to other animals, including man himself, if used without regard for normal safety precautions. Each insecticide user must handle, apply, and store insecticides safely in order to benefit from them without suffering from their dangers. This publication lists certain insecticides with which to control insect pests of food, fabrics, structures, man and animals, lawns, shrubs, trees, flowers, and vegeta- bles. We have tried to suggest only the safest and most available materials. You may prefer to employ the ser- vices of a professional exterminator or custom applicator rather than to become involved in the selection and application of insecticides. Insecticides and Their Names The names used in the tables are the common, coined chemical names, not the trade names, and as such may not be familiar to you. For instance, the common name for Cygon is dimethoate. If there is no coined chemical name, the trade name is used but is capitalized. Classification of Insecticides Insecticides are being classified for general use or restricted use by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Only a few insecticides have been classified for restricted use at this time. No insecticides listed in this circular have a restricted-use classification. A person wishing to use an insecticide classified for restricted use must be cer- tified as a private or commercial applicator by the State of Illinois. Contact your county Extension adviser in agriculture for details about that program. Requested label clearances for a few uses of some insecticides, carriers, and solvents are uncertain for 1987, since many requests have not yet been officially cleared. Consequently, labels may be cancelled and the product removed from the market at any time. Antici- pating this, we took a conservative attitude a few years ago and began modifying suggested uses in these an- nually-revised guides. We have attempted to anticipate any further label changes in 1987, but occasionally there are still use cancellations. Check with your local county Extension adviser if you are not sure about the insec- ticide you plan to use. We will make announcements about label changes through the news media and news- letters in an attempt to keep you up to date. Suggestions for the use of insecticides, effective from a practical standpoint, are based on available data. Many factors affect efficiency of control. Please report details of control failures to us. In using these tables, always read the footnotes before using the insecticides. The footnotes list precautions and other pertinent information. The suggestions given in this circular are subject to change without notification during the year. Sources of Information on Insects Fact sheets describing the life history, habits, and damage of specific insects and the nonchemical methods of control can be obtained from your county Extension adviser or by writing to Entomology Extension, 172 Natural Resources Building, 607 E. Peabody Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61820. These fact sheets are indi- cated by an NHE number in the tables. This circular was prepared by Roscoe Randell and Fredric Miller, Jr., Extension Entomologists, University of Illinois College of Agriculture. UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE COOPERATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE In cooperation with ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY CIRCULAR 900 (revised annually) October, 1986 VEGETABLE INSECTS Insects Crop Insecticide Suggestions Aphids (NHE-47) Mites (NHE-58) Thrips Most garden crops malathion or diazinon Apply on foliage to control the insects. Aphids and leafhop- pers transmit plant diseases; early control is important. Mites web on the underside of leaves; apply insecticide to underside of leaves early before extensive webbing occurs. Blister beetles (NHE-72) Cutworms (NHE-77) Flea beetles (NHE-36) Grasshoppers (NHE-74) Leafhoppers (NHE-22) Picnic beetles (NHE-40) Most garden crops carbaryl For cutworms, attach collars of paper, aluminum foil, or metal at planting for small numbers of plants, or apply insecticide to base of plants at first sign of cutting. Control grasshoppers in garden borders when hoppers are small. For picnic beetles, pick, and destroy overripe or damaged vegetables. All cabbage worms (NHE-45) Cabbage and related crops, salad crops, and leafy vegetables Bacillus Presence of white butterflies signals start of infestation. Con- thuringiensis[ trol worms when small. It is almost impossible to raise cole crops in Illinois without controlling these pests. Hornworms (NHE-130) Fruitworms Tomatoes carbaryl Bacillus thuringiensis] Handpicking usually provides satisfactory control. Earworms (NHE-33) Colorado potato beetles Tomatoes and carbaryl Apply to late-maturing tomatoes 3 to 4 times at 5- to 10-day sweet corn intervals from small-fruit stage. Apply at fresh-silk stage to early and late corn every 2 days 4 to 5 times. carbaryl Apply as needed. Insects usually present only in late May and Wne. Eggplant, potatoes, tomatoes Potato leafhoppers (NHE-22) Bean leaf beetles (NHE- 67) ___ Potatoes, beans carbaryl or Apply 3 to 4 times at weekly intervals starting in late May malathion or early June. Late potatoes and beans require additional treatments. Most serious pest of potatoes and beans in Illinois. Beans carbaryl Leaves are riddled in early plantings. Apply once or twice as needed. Mexican bean beetles Beans carbaryl Except for southern Illinois, only a pest of late beans. Apply insecticide to underside of leaves. Cucumber beetles (NHE- Vine crops 46) carbaryl Apply as soon as beetles appear in spring. When blossoming begins, apply insecticide late in the day so as not to interfere with pollination by bees. Squash vine borers Squash (NHE-8) carbaryl Make weekly applications to crowns and runners when plants begin to vine. Apply late in day. Corn borers Sweet corn carbaryl Apply 4 times every 3 days to whorl and ear zone of early corn when feeding appears on whorl leaves. Soil insects (including grubs, wireworms, root maSRQts) All crops diazinon Mix 6 fluid ounces of 25% diazinon emulsion in enough water to cover 1,000 sq. ft., usually 2 to 3 gallons. Rake into soil. Days Between Application and Harvest Collards, kale, and other leafy crops Beans Lettuce Cabbage and related crops Sweet corn Vine Onions crops2 Tomatoes Pumpkin Eggplant Peas Potatoes carbaryl diazinon malathion 14 14 14 0 Amount of Insecticide for Volume of Spray for Vegetable Insects J_eL 6Sal- 100 gal. Commercial dust carbaryl (Sevin) 50% W.P. diazinon 25% E.C. malathion 50-57% E.C. 2 tbl. 2 tsp. 2 tsp. 3/4 cup 4 tbl. 4 tbl. 2 lb. lqt. Jjt. 5% 4% 4% E.C. = emulsion concentrate; W.P. = wettable powder. An emulsion concentrate is a chemical pesticide dissolved in a solvent to which an emulsifier has been added. It can then be mixed with water to the desired strength before being used. 1 No time limitations. Sold as Dipel, Thuricide, Bactur, SOK-BT, and others. 2 Apply insecticides late in the day after blossoms have closed to avoid bee kill. ho, IOC FLOWER INSECTS UN1VE! Insect Insecticide' Dosage Suggestions Ants, soil-nesting wasps, and sowbugs (NHE-17, 79, 93, 111) White grubs diazinon 25% E.C. 1 cup per 1,000 sq. ft. Drench into soil. Aphids, mealybugs, spittlebugs, lacebugs, scales (NHE-7, 114) malathion 50-57% E.C. acephate 15.6% E.C. 2 tsp. per gal. water 4 tsp. per gal. water Spray foliage thoroughly. Repeat treatments may be needed. Blister beetles (NHE-72) carbaryl 50% W.P. 2 tbl. per gal. water Spray foliage. Repeat treatments may be needed. Cutworms (NHE-77) diazinon 25% E.C. diazinon 2% granules 6 oz. per 2-3 gal. water 5 lb. per 1,000 sq. ft. Spray 1,000 sq. ft. soil at base of plants. Do not spray on plant foliage. Small numbers of plants can be protected with collars of paper, aluminum foil, or metal. carbaryl 50% W.P. 2 tbl. per gal, water Spray foliage as needed. Do not spray blooms. Earwigs (NHE-I42) Grasshoppers (NHE-74) carbaryl 50% W.P. malathion 50-57% E.C. 2 tbl. per gal. water 2 tsp. per gal, water Spray foliage and also adjacent grassy or weedy areas. Iris borer dimethoate (Cygon 2E) 4 tsp. per gal. water Apply when irises are in bloom, but not on blooms and make only one application. Add a small amount of liquid detergent to spray mix to improve coverage on leaves. Leaf-feeding beetles carbaryl 50% W.P. acephate 15.6% E.C. 2 tbl. per gal. water 4 tbl. per gal, water Spray foliage. Repeat treatments if needed. Leaf-feeding caterpillars Same as for leaf-feeding beetles Plant bugs and leafhoppers Same as for leaf-feeding beetles Slugs (NHE-84) metaldehyde bait Mesurol 2% bait Apply as a bait to soil. Remove old leaves, stalks, poles, boards, and other debris where slugs like to hide and lay eggs. Springtails (NHE-70) malathion 50-57% E.C. malathion 4% dust 2 tsp. per gal. water Spray foliage and soil. Apply to base of plants- Stalk borers (NHE-24) Same as for leaf-feeding beetles Spray foliage thoroughly and frequently. Thrips Same as for leaf-feeding beetles Spray foliage carefully. White flies (NHE-136) pyrethrin 0.1% resmethrin aerosol spary Spray foliage thoroughly. Repeat in 5 days. E.C. = emulsion concentrate; W.P. = wettable powder. 1 Use only one insecticide from those listed. Do not use oil-base sprays on plants. Do not use malathion on African violets. Do not use carbaryl on Boston ivy. Do not use diazinon on ferns. Repeated use of carbaryl foliage sprays may cause mite or aphid infestations to increase and to become damaging. Do not use insecticides during full bloom. Do not use dimethoate on chrysanthemums. FOR YOUR PROTECTION 1. Store insecticides out of reach of children, irre- sponsible persons, or animals; store preferably in a locked cabinet. 2. If you use a bait around or in the home, place it after the children have retired and pick it up in the morning before they get up. Furthermore, place it out of their reach. At present we do not encourage the use of baits for insect control. 3. Avoid breathing insecticide sprays and dusts over an extended period. This is particularly true in enclosed areas such as crawl spaces, closets, basements, and attics. 4. Wash with soap and water exposed parts of body and clothes contaminated with insecticide. 5. Wear rubber gloves when handling insecticide concentrates. 6. Do not smoke while handling or using insecticides. 7. Leave unused insecticides in their original con- tainers with the labels on them and in locked cabinets. 8. Triple-rinse empty pesticide containers. Wrap each container in several layers of paper. Dispose of the containers one at a time through the municipal solid- waste-disposal system. 9. Do not leave puddles of spray on impervious surfaces. 10. Do not apply insecticides to fish ponds. 1 1 . Do not apply insecticides near dug wells or cisterns. 12. Observe all precautions listed by the manufac- turer on the label. TREE AND SHRUB INSECTS Insects Insecticide' Aphids (NHE-7) acephate diazinon malathion Suggestions2 Spray foliage thoroughly with force when aphids become numerous. Repeat as needed. Bagworms (NHE-6) acephate carbaryl malathion Bacillus th u ringiensis* Spray foliage thoroughly. Apply June 1 5. Later sprays are less effective. For late spraying, use Bacillus thuringiensis. Borers Bronze birch (NHE- 143) dimethoate Spray trunk and limbs thoroughly in late May and early June. Repeat in 3 weeks or apply 6-inch band of concentrate to trunk. Flatheaded apple tree Oak chlorpyrifos Spray trunk and/or limbs in mid-May and repeat 4 weeks later. Keep trees healthy and vigorous and avoid trunk wounds. Ash (NHE-145) Lilac (NHE-145) Peach tree chlorpyrifos Spray trunk and limbs in mid-June and repeat 4 weeks later. Keep the tree healthy and vigorous and avoid wounds or injury to the trunk. Cankerworms (NHE-95) acephate carbaryl malathion Bacillus thuringiensis* Spray foliage when feeding or worms are first noticed in spring. Eastern tent caterpillars Same as for cankerworms Spray when nests are first noticed. Remove nests and destroy. Elm leaf beetles (NHE-82) acephate carbarvl Spray as soon as damage is noticed. European pine shoot moths and Nantucket pine moths (NHE-83) dimethoate Spray ends of branches thoroughly in late June for European species and in mid-May for Nantucket species. Fall webworms acephate carbaryl diazinon malathion Bacillus thuringiensis* Spray when first webs appear; clip off and destroy infested branches or burn out webs. Galls (NHE-80, 81) Elm cockscomb Hickory Maple bladder diazinon malathion Spray foliage thoroughly when buds are unfolding. Sprays after galls form on leaves are ineffective. Hackberry blister acephate diazinon malathion Spray foliage thoroughly in late May. Kills psyllids in galls. Sprays after galls form on leaves are ineffective. Cooley spruce Eastern spruce diazinon malathion Apply in late September or October or early spring just before buds swell. Green-striped mapleworms Same as for cankerworms Spray as soon as damage is noticed. Leaf miners Boxwood Hawthorn Oak diazinon malathion acephate Spray foliage thoroughly when miners first appear. Repeat treatment 10 to 12 days. Use acephate only on oak. in Birch Holly dimethoate Repeat treatment in 3 weeks. Mealybugs acephate malathion Spray foliage thoroughly and with force. Repeat in two weeks. Mimosa webworms (NHE- acephate 109) carbaryl malathion Bacillus thuringiensis* Spray foliage thoroughly when first nests appear (June, July). A repeat treatment for second generation larval feeding may be needed (Au- gust). Oak kermes malathion Spray foliage thoroughly about July 1 to kill the crawlers. Periodical cicadas (NHE- 113) carbarvl Spray all branches thoroughly when adults appear. Repeat in 7 to 10 days. Sawflies carbarvl Spray as soon as worms or damage are evident. Scales (NHE-100, 114, 146) diazinon malathion acephate Spray foliage thoroughly in early April for Fletcher and European elm scale; in late May for pine needle and sweet gum scale; in early June for scurfy, oystershell, and euonymous scales; in early July for cottony maple, Juniper,' and dogwood scales; in mid-July for spruce bud scale; and again in August for oystershell scale. ' Use only one insecticide of those listed. 2 Treatment dates listed are for central Illinois. In southern Illinois, apply 2 weeks earlier; in northern Illinois, 2 weeks later. 3 Trade names: Dipel, Thuricide, Bactur, SOK-BT, and others. TREE AND SHRUB INSECTS (continued) Insects Insecticide' Scales (cont.) Cottony maple (NHE- dormant oil diluted 144), Putnam, San Jose, according to label Tulip tree Sycamore lace bugs Plant bugs acephate carbaryl malathion Thrips Same as for aphids Yellow-necked caterpillars acephate carbaryl malathion Zimmerman pine moths (NHE-83) chlorpyriphos dimethoate Suggestions2 Apply when plants are still dormant in late winter. Do not use on evergreens. For tulip tree scale, a malathion spray in late September or in early spring is also effective. Spray when nymphs appear, usually in late May. Mainly on privet. Spray foliage thoroughly. Spray foliage when worms are small (July). Spray trunk and branches in mid-April for young larvae and/or mid- August for adults and young larvae. 1 Use only one insecticide from those listed, northern Illinois, 2 weeks later. Treatment dates listed are for central Illinois. In southern Illinois, apply 2 weeks earlier; in Amount of Insecticide Needed for Volume of Spray for Tree and Shrub Insects 1 gal. 6 gal. 100 gal. 1 gal. 6 gal. 100 gal. acephate (Orthene) 15.6% E.C.' 4 tsp. 1 cup 2 qt. diazinon 25% E.C.4 2 tsp. carbaryl (Sevin) 50% W.P.2 2 tbl. 5A cup 2 lb. dimethoate (Cygon 2E)3 2 tsp. chlorpyrifos (Dursban 2E.) 2 tsp. 4 tbl. 1 qt. malathion 50-57% E.C.5 2 tsp. 4 tbl. 4 tbl. 4 tbl. lqt. 1 qt. lqt. E or E.C. = emulsion concentrate; W.P. = wettable powder. ' Do not use on flowering crab, sugar maple, redbud, American elm, Lombardy poplar, or Cottonwood. 2 Do not use on Boston ivy. 3 Do not use on chrysanthemums. 4 Do not use on ferns or hibiscus. 5 Do not use on canaert red cedar. LAWN INSECTS Insects Insecticide' Dosage per 1,000 sq. ft.2 Suggestions White grubs (NHE-104, 147) diazinon 25% E.C. 5% G. Oftanol 1.5% G. 1 cup 2V* lb. 3 lb. Apply as spray or granules to small area and then water in thoroughly before treating another small area. Grub damage will usually occur in late August and in September. Ants (NHE-111) Cicada killer and other soil- nesting wasps (NHE-79, 150) diazinon 25% E.C. 3/4 cup 5% G. 2 lb. chlorpyrifos 5 or 6% 1 cup E.C. Apply as spray or granules and water in thoroughly. For individual nests pour 1% diazinon in nest and cover with soil. Sod webworms (NHE-1 15) carbaryl 50% W.P. diazinon 25% E.C. 5% G. chlorpyrifos 5 or 6% E.C. >/2 lb. s/4 cup 2 lb. 8 fl. oz. (1 _£HE) As sprays, use at least 2.5 gal. of water per 1,000 sq. ft. Do not water for 72 hours after treatment. As granules, apply from fertilizer spreader. Web- worms usually damage lawns in late July and in August. Millipedes and sowbugs (NHE-93) carbaryl 50% W.P. diazinon 25% E.C. chlorpyrifos 5 or 6% E.C. '/2 lb. 3/4 CUp 1 cup Spray around home where millipedes or sowbugs are crawling. If numerous, treat entire lawn. Armyworms Cutworms carbaryl 50% W.P. 2 oz. chlorpyrifos 5 or 6% 1 cup E.C. Apply as sprays or granules. Use 5 to 10 gal. of water per 1,000 sq. ft. Chinch bugs chlorpyrifos 5 or 6% E.C. diazinon 25% E.C. 5% G. 1 cup s/4 cup 2 lb. Spray infested areas where chinch bugs are present. Aphids (NHE-148) acephate 15.6% E.C. 4V2 fl. oz. Spray grass thoroughly. Chiggers diazinon 25% E.C. 1 tbl. Spray grass thoroughly. Slugs (NHE-84) Mesurol 2% bait Apply where slugs are numerous. Scatter in grass. For use only in flower gardens and shrubbery Deds. E.C. = emulsion concentrate; W.P. = wettable powder; G. = granules. 1 Use only one insecticide from those listed. 2 To determine lawn size in lawn areas including house, driveway, garden, etc. Do not allow people or square feet, multiply length times width of lawn and subtract non- pets on the lawn until the spray has dried. HOUSEHOLD INSECTS Insects Insecticide' Ants (NHE-111) Carpenter ants Pharoah ants (NHE-10) diazinon 25% E.C. chlorpyrifos R.T.U. diazinon R.T.U. propoxur R.T.U. nydrazone baits propoxur baits Suggestions for control Chemical. Use 5 tablespoons of diazinon 25 E.C. per gallon of water to spray completely around outside foundation and the adjacent 1 ft. of soil. Apply a R.T.U. spray to baseboards, cracks, and door thresholds. Do not use diazinon E.C. inside. Non-chemical. Keep foods in tightly sealed containers or in the refrigerator. Most ants prefer sweets and fats. Practice good sanitation. Avoid leaving dirty dishes or other food particles where they are accessible to ants. Caulk cracks and crevices in house foundation. Bed bugs malathion 50-57% E.C. malathion 1% dust Chemical. Use 4'/2 tablespoons of malathion 50-57% E.C. per gallon of water to thoroughly spray slats, springs, and bed frame. Apply a light dust to seams, tufts, and folds of mattresses. Non-chemical. Proper personal hygiene and good house- keeping will help keep populations low. Frequent washing of bed clothing and linens is also helpful. Boxelder bugs (NHE-9) diazinon 25% E.C. carbaryl 50% W.P. Chemical. Spray boxelder bugs on tree trunks, foundation walls (diazinon only), under eaves, and other areas where they gather. Use carbaryl on foliage where beetles are feeding. Non-chemical. Keep screens, and other openings in good repair. Caulk all seams around windows and doors. Spray or soak boxelder bugs with soapy solutions where they congre- gate on tree trunks or buildings. Indoors remove the bugs by simple vacuuming. Carpet beetles, (NHE-87) clothes moths chlorpyrifos R.T.U. diazinon R.T.U. Chemical. Spray storage areas, edges of carpeting, base- boards, etc. Non-chemical. Destroy all badly infested materials. If insu- lation is of plant or animal origin remove it from the structure. Check for any dead animal or bird carcasses that may be in wall voids, chimneys, or fireplace areas. Keep accumulation of lint to a minimum and vacuum thoroughly in areas where hair and other natural fibers gather. Remove all bird, insect, and rodent nests in the fall before cool weather. Carefully examine cut flowers or dried flowers before bringing into the home. Place cleaned or washed woolens in insect-free chests that are tightly sealed or in plastic bags. Dry cleaning and laundering kills these pests. Carpenter bees carbaryl dust diazinon R.T.U. Chemical. Dust and spray entrances to nest with insecticide. Do not plug entrance. Non-chemical. In the fall, fill the holes and paint or varnish the entire wood surface. Centipedes, millipedes, sowbugs (NHE-93) diazinon 25% E.C. chlorpyrifos R.T.U. diazinon R.T.U. propoxur R.T.U. Chemical. Apply 5 tablespoons of diazinon 25% E.C. per gallon of water as an outside foundation spray. If millipedes are abundant, treat entire lawn according to label. Indoors: Use R.T.U. spray according to label. Non-chemical. Correct situations where moist habitats occur such as crawl spaces, poorly drained areas, and piles of trash, mulch, or compost. Remove indoors by vacuuming. Chiggers (NHE-127) diazinon 25% E.C. DEET R.T.U. Chemical. Treat lawns, roadsides, and areas not mowed. For personal protection, a repellent such as DEET will prevent attack. Non-chemical. Eliminate or mow breeding sites, especially briars, weeds, and other thick vegetation where there is an abundance of moisture and shade. Wear protective clothing such as a long-sleeved shirt and trousers, shoes, and socks. Tuck pant legs into boots or socks. Avoid sitting on the ground either in the lawn or brushy areas. Take a warm soapy shower or bath immediately after returning from any infested areas. Clover mites (NHE-2) dicofol 18.5% E.C. pyrethrin R.T.U. Chemical. Indoors: Spray with pyrethrin. Non-chemical. Eliminate grass and other vegetation in a 6- 24 inch band all the way around the house. Also make sure window and door seams are properly caulked and sealed to prevent entry by the mites. Indoors: Mites can be removed by vacuuming. HOUSEHOLD INSECTS (continued) Insects Insecticide1 Cluster flies (NHE-1) dichlorvos 20% resin strip2 pyrethrin R.T.U. Suggestions for control Chemical. Place resin strips in attic or closets. Fog lightly in rooms with pyrethrin. Repeat spray as needed. Non-chemical. Seal cracks and openings around windows, eaves and siding. Use fly screen over air intake vents or air conditioning systems. Seal off attic openings with screen or caulking. Indoors: Remove flies by vacuuming. Cockroaches German (NHE-3) Brown-banded (NHE-4) American and Oriental (NHE-5) chlorpyrifos R.T.U. diazinon R.T.U. propoxur R.T.U. boric acid R.T.U. hydrazone bait hydroprene R.T.U. Chemical. Spray roach runways and hiding places. Treat under sink, refrigerator, cabinets, on baseboards, etc. Treat- ment throughout home may be needed to control brown- banded roaches. May be supplemented with boric acid applied into out-of-sight and out-of-reach voids under cabinets and appliances. Non-chemical. Practice proper sanitation by keeping food properly sealed or stored in the refrigerator. Keep trash covered. Do not allow dirty dishes to accumulate. Clean frequently under refrigerators and stoves where food particles may accumulate. Eliminate hiding places such as piles of newspapers, boxes and papers. Caulk cracks and crevices. Do not leave pet food out overnight. Crickets (NHE-1 37) Field House Camel diazinon 25% E.C. chlorpyrifos R.T.U. diazinon R.T.U. propoxur R.T.U. Chemical. Use 5 tablespoons of diazinon 25% E.C. per gallon of water to spray completely around outside foundation and the adjacent 1 ft. of soil. Apply an R.T.U. spray to baseboards, cracks, and door thresholds. Do not use diazinon E.C. inside. Non-chemical. To prevent entry, remove all shrubs and other plant material from around building foundations and entry ways. Cracks and crevices around windows, doors, and in the foundation should be properly sealed and caulked. Indoors: Remove crickets by vacuuming. House lights attract both field and house crickets. Keep garbage cans clean and empty frequently. Keep firewood at least 1-2 feet away from the foundation. Apply a 6-inch band of ashes around the wood pile. Eliminate sources of moisture by fixing leaky pipes and modifying damp areas. Drain flies (NHE-91) dichlorvos 20% resin strip2 pyrethrin R.T.U. Chemical. Use chemicals only after solving sanitation prob- lems. Pour boiling water or rubbing alcohol into overflow drain to eliminate maggots. Non-chemical. Practice proper sanitation. Clean out overflow drains, drain traps, ana basement drains. Keep screens in good repair. Earwigs (NHE-142) diazinon 25% E.C. chlorpyrifos R.T.U. diazinon R.T.U. propoxur R.T.U. Chemical. Apply 5 tablespoons of diazinon 25% E.C. per gallon of water as an outside foundation spray. If millipedes are abundant, treat entire lawn according to label. Indoors: Use R.T.U. spray according to label. Non-chemical. Remove unessential plant debris, mulch, and boards from around buildings. Establish a zone of bare concrete or soil which will dry out. Indoors: Remove by vacuuming. Caulk cracks and crevices around windows, doors, and in the foundation. Elm leaf beetles (NHE-82) carbaryl 50% W.P. pyrethrin R.T.U. Chemical. Outdoors: Spray with carbaryl on nearby Chinese elm trees to control elm leaf beetle larvae and adults. Indoors: Spray with pyrethrin. Non-chemical. Keep outside populations to a minimum by spraying infested elm trees. Seal cracks and crevices around windows and other openings to prevent entry. Indoors: Remove by vacuuming. Fleas (NHE-1 07) dichlorvos or naled carbaryl 5% dust pyrethrin R.T.U. methoprene R.T.U. Chemical. Replace flea collars on pets about every 3 months. Some pets are allergic. Dust pets directly as needed. Dust areas inside and outside the home where pets rest. For infestations in the home, spray edges of carpets and rugs, and floors where fleas are observed. Follow label directions. Vacuum rugs and upholstered furniture thoroughly approx- imately 30 minutes after spraying. HOUSEHOLD INSECTS (continued) Insects Insecticide1 Suggestions for control Fleas (cont.) diazinon 25%E.C. diazinon 5% G. Chemical. Apply to lawn. Non-chemical. Frequently launder pet bedding and rugs where pets frequent with hot soapy water. Vacuum thoroughly to remove lint and dust around baseboards and cracks where flea eggs and larvae accumulate. Eliminate vegetation that will serve as a harborage for the native mammal population (carriers of fleas). Prevent pets from resting under the house and exclude mammals by screening attic and eave entrances. Thoroughly clean furniture in areas pets tend to frequent. Flies (NHE-16) Houseflies Gnats, Midges Outdoors: malathion 50-57% E.C. Indoors: pyrethrin R.T.U. Chemical. Use 41/2 tablespoons of malathion 50-57% E.C. per gallon of water to spray around garbage cans and otner resting sites. Apply fine mist or fog of pyrethrin. Non-chemical. Proper sanitation is important. Dispose of refuse frequently and prevent the accumulation of rotting or decaying vegetation. Keep screens in good repair. Fly strips and fly swatters can also be effective. Honey bees (NHE-141) carbaryl 5% dust diazinon R.T.U. pyrethrin R.T.U. Chemical. Drill holes through siding to inject insecticide, if necessary. Remove nests and honey and destroy them. Treat nests at dusk or dawn. Non-chemical. Caulk cracks and crevices during the winter or early spring to prevent nest building. Seal off attic openings, air intake vents, and air conditioning systems with fly screen. Lice (NHE-105) Human Head Pubic Body malathion 1% dust Kwell 1% shampoo pyrethrin R.T.U. Chemical. Dust lightly over body hair. Repeat in 2 weeks if needed. Do not get in eyes. Consult a physician. Non-chemical. Practice proper personal hygiene. Avoid using other individuals' combs, hats, towels, or hair brushes. Bed- ding and clothing should be changed and washed frequently. Sanitation of locker rooms, and proper laundering will help reduce the incidence of lice. Crab louse is usually transmitted through intimate sexual contact. Mites, Human Human scabies Human itch mite (NHE-135) Kwell 1% lotion available only by a doctor's prescription pyrethrin R.T.U. Chemical. Consult a physician. Non-chemical. Consult a physician. Mosquitoes (NHE-94,132) Outdoors: malathion 50-57% E.C. Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis Indoors: pyrethrin R.T.U. Chemical. Spray tall grass, around doorways, and other resting sites. Use a repellent like DEET when entering mos- quito-infested areas. Apply fine mist or fog of pyrethrin. Non-chemical. Keep screens in good repair. Flues and chim- neys should be covered during the summer months. Eliminate resting places such as tall grass, weeds, shrubbery, and vines from around the home. Eliminate rain-water-collecting items such as old tires, pans, cans, and buckets. Weekly, drain plastic swimming pools and bird baths. Provide for proper water drainage around the foundation of the home. When visiting mosquito-infested areas, wear protective clothing to prevent bites. If small garden ponds are present use Top minnows Gambusia sp. "Bug zappers" and ultrasonic devices have not proven to be extremely effective in controlling mosquitoes and other nox- ious flying insests. Pantry and Cereal Pests (NHE- 11) Grain beetles Indian meal moth Flour beetles diazinon R.T.U. propoxur R.T.U. pyrethrin R.T.U. Chemical. Force spray into cracks and crevices; allow to dry; cover shelves with clean, fresh paper. Do not contaminate food or utensils with insecticide. Non-chemical. Discard infested packages. Thoroughly clean and vacuum food cabinets and shelves. Keep dry food in tightly sealed containers. Keeping nonhuman food at 32 °F for 3-4 days will kill eggs and larvae. Powder-post beetles (NHE-85) chlorpyrifos 42% E.C. Chemical. Use 2 tablespoons of chlorpyrifos 42% E.C. per fallon of water to paint or spray infested unfinished wood, ollow label directions. Non-chemical. Avoid buying furniture or wood products that have not been stained, varnished or properly dried. Properly paint or varnish new wood items to seal pores and to prevent egg laying. HOUSEHOLD INSECTS (continued) Insects Insecticide' Suggestions for control Silverfish (NHE-86) diazinon R.T.U. propoxur R.T.U. Chemical. Spray runways, baseboards, closets, and places where pipes go through the walls. Repeat treatments in 2 weeks if needed. Non-chemical. Alter the physical environment of the infested area by reducing the humidity. Reduce harborage sites by caulking cracks and crevices. Eliminate their food source by storing Dooks, papers and linens in tightly sealed containers or cabinets. Spiders (NHE-17, 116) diazinon 25% E.C. chlorpyrifos R.T.U. diazinon R.T.U. propoxur R.T.U. Chemical. Use 5 tablespoons of diazinon 25% E.C. per gallon of water to spray completely around outside foundation and the adjacent 1 ft. of soil. Apply R.T.U. spray to baseboards, cracks, and door thresholds. Do not use diazinon E.C. inside. Non-chemical. Keep screens and other openings in good repair. Caulk all seams around windows and doors. Spiders are considered beneficial as they are predators of insects and other small animals. Indoors: Remove by simply vacuuming. Springtails (NHE-70) Outdoors: diazinon 25% E.C. Chemical. Outdoors: Spray soil next to the house, especially grassy moist areas. Non-chemical. Eliminate moist areas around the home where mulch and rotting vegetation is present. Keep outside light use to a minimum. Keep screens and doors in good repair. Allow potting soil of houseplants to dry out between water- ing^ Swimming pool insects (NHE-103) Do not add insecticides to pool water Chemical. None. Non-chemical. Keep outside light to a minimum. Maintain proper chlorine balance in the pool. Cover pool when not in use. Termites (NHE-57) chlordane 45% or 72% E.C. chlorpyrifos 42% E.C. (Dursban T.C.) Chemical. For soil injection along the building foundation and under footings, use 1 gal. per 2 cu. ft. of soil. Use only chlorpyrifos on slab-on-ground structures with ducts in floor. Dilute to 1% with water or oil. Non-chemical. Remove termite tubes connecting the soil to wood sources. Eliminate wood-to-soil contacts. Ventilate damp areas such as crawl spaces for proper drying. Use treated wood when landscaping or constructing outside structures. Cedar and redwood are somewhat resistant, however; termites prefer hardwoods. Ticks (NHE-56) Brown dog tick Wood tick tetrachlorvinphos 50% W.R malathion 50-57% E.C. carbaryl 50% W.P. carbaryl 5% dust tetrachlorvinphos 3% dust Chemical. Apply spray to lawns, fence rows, roadsides, and areas not regularly mowed. Dust pets directly as needed, according to label instructions. Dust baseboards, cracks, and crevices around pet bedding. Non-chemical. Keep vegetation, weeds and brush, mowed and clean. Avoid areas where ticks are known to be present. Wear long-sleeved shirt and trousers when visiting infested areas. Vacuum baseboards and other cracks and crevices thoroughly to destroy eggs and immatures. Wasps (NEH-141) Hornets Yellowjackets carbaryl 5% dust diazinon R.T.U. dichlorvos R.T.U. dichlorvos 20% resin pyrethrin R.T.U. Chemical. Hang dichlorvos resin strips in attic to prevent infestations. For nests below ground, apply diazinon according to label and seal opening with soil. Spray above-ground wasp strip2 and hornet nests in partitions with carbaryl. Drill holes through siding to inject insecticide, if necessary. Remove nests and honey and destroy them. Treat nests at dusk or dawn. Non-chemical. Keep garbage cleaned up and properly cov- ered. Avoid indiscriminate killing of wasps, hornets, and yellowjackets, as they are considered beneficial. If picnicing, keep food properly covered or sealed. Avoid areas where yellowjackets are prevalent. Keep overripe fruit and vegeta- bles cleaned up and away from human activity. Caulk cracks and crevices during the winter or early spring to prevent yellowjacket nests but do not caulk opening of active nest. E.C. = emulsion concentrate; W.P. = wettable powder; R.T.U. = ready to use; G. = granules. (SEE THE PESTICIDE DILUTION TABLE ON PAGE 10) 1 Whenever possible, purchase specially prepared, ready-to-use When preparing a quantity of 1 gallon or more of a spray of the formulation of tne insecticide when using the dilution table restaurants, or areas where food is present. Do not use in n confined. Do not use in hospitals or medical clinics. forms of insecticides for indoor use. Use only one insecticide from those listed, a desired percentage, use the dilution table on page 8. You need to know only . 2 Do not use in pet shops or if tropical fish are present. Do not use in kitchens, urseries or rooms where infants, individuals who are ill, or aged persons are Pesticide Dilution Table for Household Insects HOW TO USE: When preparing a spray of a desired percentage you need to know only the formulation of the particular product (examples: Sevin 50% wettable powder; Diazinon 25% emulsion concentrate). For instance, if you were preparing a 0.5% diazinon solution for spraying the foundation of the home, you would mix 5 tablespoons of diazinon 25% E.C. into each gallon of water. The formulations of insecticides in the table may be purchased from hardware stores, pest control establishments, lawn and garden centers, and other sources. For some jobs, such as spraying outdoors to control flies or mosquitoes, a gallon or more of properly diluted spray is required. To obtain the percent concentration suggested for controlling a par- ticular insect, add the amount of pesticide sug- gested in the table to one gallon of water. For control of household insects. Do not use this table for vegetable, flower, tree, shrub, or lawn insects. Pesticide formulation Amt. of insecticide needed per gal. of spray Desired concentration 0.03% 0.25% 0.5% 1.0% 2.5% carbaryl (Sevin) 50% W.P. chlordane 45% E.C. chlordane 72% E.C. chlorpyrifos diazinon (Spectracide) 25% E.C. malathion 50-57% E.C. tetrachlorvinphos 50% W.P. 2 tbsp. 4 tbsp. 8 tbsp. 8 tsp. 5 tbsp. 4 tsp. 8 tsp. 5 tbsp. 5 tbsp. 10 tbsp. . . 7 tsp. 4'/2 tbsp. 10 tbsp. 4 tbsp. (tbsp. = tablespoon; tsp. = teaspoon) CONVERSION TABLE FOR SMALL QUANTITIES 1 level tablespoon = 3 level teaspoons 1 fluid ounce = 2 tablespoons 1 cup = 8 fluid ounces or 16 tablespoons 1 pint = 2 cups 1 quart = 2 pints or 32 fluid ounces 1 gallon = 4 quarts or 128 fluid ounces NAMES OF INSECTICIDES Below is a list of the common names of insecticides used in the preceding tables, followed by the commercial trade name and the chemical name. Some products may be available under a variety of trade names not listed below. Be sure to read the label. The label on the container always lists these products by the common name or chemical name. Common name Trade name Chemical name acephate Bacillus thuringiensis carbaryl chlorpyrifos DEET diazinon dichlorvos dimethoate ethyl hexanediol hydrazone hydroprene isofenphos malathion methoprene propoxur pyrethrin resmethrin tetrachlorvinphos Orthene Dipel, Thuricide, Bactur, SOK-BT Sevin Dursban Off, Kik Spectracide Vapona, DDVP Cygon 6-12, Rutgers 612 Combat Gencor Oftanol Cythion Precor Baygon Chryson, SBP-1382 Rabon O, S-dimethyl acetylphosphoramidothioate 1-naphthyl methylcarbamate O, O-diethyl 0-(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl) phosphorothioate N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide O, O-diethyl 0-(2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-pyrimidyl) phosphorothioate 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate O, O-dimethyl S-(N-methyl carbamoyl methyl) phosphorodithioate 2-ethyl-l, 3-hexanediol Tetrahydro-5,5-dimethyl-2(IH)-pyrimidinone Ethyl-3,7,1 1-trimethyl dodeca-2,4 dienoate 1-methylethyl 2-[[ethoxy [(1-methylethyl) amino] phosphin- othioyl] oxy] benzoate diethyl mercaptosuccinate, S-ester with O, O-dimethyl phosphoro- thioate Isopropyl-1 l-methoxy-3,7,1 1 trimethyl-2,4 dodecadienoate O-isopropoxyphenyl methyl carbamate principally from plant species Chrysanthemum cinariaefolium (5-benzyl-3-furyl) methyl 2,2 dimethyl-3-(2-methylprophenyl) cyclopropanecarboxylate 2-chloro-l-(2,4,5,-trichlorophenyl) vinyl dimethyl phosphate 10 Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension Work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. WILLIAM R. OSCHWALD, Director, Cooperative Extension Service, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The Illinois Cooperative Extension Service provides equal opportunities in programs and employment. 10-86 — 65667 — esl s UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS URBANA 3 0112 018397205