July 1, 1918

A. Study im Scotch Pedigrees

By lon. Dumcam Marshall

Minister of Agriculture, Alberta, Canada.

The accompanying article appeared in a recent number of The Nor’-West Farmer, Winnipeg, and was written especially for Canadian readers. It is one of the clearest and most informing expressions concerning Scotch pedigrees ever published and will prove a useful guide to pedigree students. It is a most valuable addition to Shorthorn literature—The Editor.

I have no expectation that this ar- ticle will be even interesting to the vet- eran Shorthorn breeder, as I am en- deavoring, at the request of this pub- jication, to prepare something that will be more or less of a guide in pedigree selection to the beginner in Shorthorn breeding; in fact, the real purpose of this article is to give some information that will assist the amateur Shorthorn man in identifying Scotch Shorthorn pedigrees. There has been a good deal said both for and against fashion in pedigrees, and while I would be very sorry to sacrifice individuality or breed type and character, for certain lines of breeding, still there can be no question about the fact that Scotch Shorthorns won their way to fame by their indi- vidual merit, and it should be well worth while to consider the lines of breeding that make it possible for them to be- come the favorite families in the Short- horn world. In this article I shall limit myself largely to the subject in hand, that of giving a sort of “kindergarten” lesson in pedigree identification to be- ginners in Shorthorn breeding.

Shorthorn pedigrees are written so as to preserve all the lineal ancestors on the dam’s side of the animal, and the only record of sires in the pedigree is the name of the sire of the animal it- self, and the names of the sires of its

ceo: ‘ 2 Bear in Mind that the Shorthorn Excels in the Width of Loin Where the Highest Priced

dams, no information being given as to the breeding of any of these sires. This kind of pedigree has some advantages, and, of course, some disadvantages. It means at a glance you can tell what Shorthorn family the animal belongs to, which is equivalent to what foundation its dam traces to. The breeding of the sires you must obtain by reference to the herd book. Men who are familiar with the breeding of Shorthorns for twenty or thirty years in Canada are, of course, naturally familiar with the breeding of all the prominent herd bulls, and as a rule they only require a glance at a pedigree to know definitely how the animal is bred. Beginners will have to make a business of looking up the breeding of all the bulls whose names appear above that of the imported cow in the pedigrees of the cattle they buy, and in this way they can very soon be- come familiar with the breeding of most of the good bulls used in our herds, and then they will only find it necessary to refer to the herd book when the name of a strange or unknown bull appears in the pedigree, and when a strange or obscure name does appear, the result of looking him up is frequently a disap- pointment.

In the establishment of Shorthorn families we owe much to the skill and intelligence of the early breeders. The

first Shorthorn families that became generally recognized were those estab- lished by Thomas Bates, and their pop- ularity and show yard records can well be credited with first bringing the breed into prominence. I do not, however, in- tend to deal with them in this article, as it is the identification of Scotch Shorthorn families that I am endeavor- ing to say something about, but it is worthy of mention in this connection that the probable reason why definite families were established and bred along particular lines in Scotland was _ be- cause of the example set by Thomas Bates and the very great popularity to which his cattle had attained. The Bates cattle, however, finally suffered a good deal from fashion in pedigrcs, as individuality was apparently sacii''ced for the sake of keeping a Bates jedi- gree pure, and inferior bulls were used in herds simply because of their breed- ing. These cattle were exceedingly popular, and so great was the favor in which Bates pedigrees were held at the time that Amos Cruickshank and his contemporaries began laying the founda- tion of what is now known as_ the “Cruickshank cattle,” that it must have taken a deal of courage, and also a great deal of confidence in their own judg- ment, for these men to persist in es- tablishing what was virtually a new

Cuts are Produced

Courtesy Frank Scofield, Hillsboro, Tex, Viola and Gloster Favorite Resting from Their Show Ring Conquests

breed of Shorthorns, and by no means a popular one. In both the United States and England, at this time, Bates cattle were commanding very high prices because of their pedigree, and it is usually a strong temptation to a farmer to breed the thing for which tere is the greatest demand, and for which the highest price will be paid, but these Scotch farmers realized that the Bates cattle needed improvement if they were to be a profitable breed for the tenant farmer, and they set about the business of making this improve- ment without regard to fashion or pop- ularity, which, as a matter of fact, they rather held in contempt. Their opinion of what the Bates cattle were coming to is very well exemplified by an in- teresting story which Robert Ogilvie of the Union Stock Yards, Chicago, tells; and, by the way, Mr. Ogilvie is the cus- todian of more livestock lore than prob- ably any other man on the continent. Mr. Ogilvie tells of a visit paid by the late James I. Davidson, many years ago, to the Iowa State Fair. At this time the Honorable James Wilson, Secretary of Agriculture for the United States, was breeding Bates Shorthorns and Mr. Davidson was well known in the United States as the selling agent for the “Cruickshank cattle’ in America, The Bates cattle were at the height of their popularity and Mr. Wilson insisted on Mr. Davidson coming to one of the barns to see an “Oxford” cow the for- mer was exhibiting. The cow was led out for inspection and a card with her tabulated pedigree printed on it was handed to Mr. Davidson with the re-

mark: “Is that not a wonderful Bates pedigree?” Mr. Davidson’s pointed re- ply was: “Aye, it’s a grand pedigree,

and I’ve never seen a beastie that need- ed it mair.”

The craze for the Bates pedigree was at that time at its highest in the United States and serious difficulties were often met with by the early selling agents of the Cruickshank cattle in introducing

the type that had been developed in Scotland. The leading families of Bates Short- horns in those days were Duchess, Kirk- levington, Barrington, Wild Eyes, Wat-

erloo, Foggathorpe and Cambridge Rose. These cattle were all recorded in Coates’ herd book, and when the

Scotch farmers began breeding Short- horns their cattle were recorded in the same herd book; in fact, there has for- tunately never been but one Shorthorn herd book in Great Britain. The same method of writing pedigrees was nat- urally used in recording the Scotch cat- tle, so that the natural consequence was that they should be bred in families along lines similar to the Bates cattle, then the most popular Shorthorns in the world. One of the difficulties with the breeding of Bates Shorthorns was that the families were few in number, that most breeders kept only representatives

of one or two families on their farms, with

the result that inbreeding predominated to a very large extent, and while in- breeding his proved exceedingly valu- able in practically every line of live- stock for purposes of fixing type, it is also ae very dangerous thing, and if pursued too far, has always been found to be as ruinous as it is valuable when used judiciously.

One of the safeguards of Scotch Shorthorns today is that there is a very large number of families, so many, in fact, that it is practically unnecessary to do any inbreeding at all, and it is wisdom on the part of the amateur breeder to avoid this practice. The breeder of Scotch Shorthorns also has the advantage today of the experience of a great many men who have made a real success of raising cattle, and who in actual practice have discovered meth- ods of improving the breed by using bulls of different distinct families on females of other distinct families, and while no hard and fast rule can be laid down in this respect, as the experi- enced breeder has had so many sur-

The Shorthorn in America

Photo by Hildebrand

prises and disappointments, still from these very experiences the amateur breeder can learn a great many things, and the wide range of the present Shorthorn families gives him plenty of scope for introducing new blood into his herd, and while the Scotch Short- horn may be in some danger today of suffering from what is called “fad in pedigrees,” the dangers are not so great as they were to the Bates cattle be- cause of the large number of families.

In the establishing of Scotch Short- horns, Amos Cruickshank undoubtedly played the most important part, and because of the success his cattle at- tained, and because of the fact that it was cattle from Mr. Cruickshank’s herd that gave prominence to this branch of the Shorthorn breed in Canada and the United States, they were generally spoken of as “Cruickshank cattle,’ and while it would be impossible to give too much credit to this great Aberdonian cattle breeder, yet there were a num- ber of other breeders, some of them in the business prior to Mr. Cruickshank’s time, and several who were contempo- raries of his, to whose skill and ability the present day Shorthorns owe a good deal. Men like Captain Barclay of Ury, William Hay of Shethin, James Bruce of Inverquhomery, Sylvester Campbell of Kinnelar, and William S. Marr of Up- permill, have, inno small measure, helped to save and protect the Cruickshank cat- tle, by themselves establishing and breeding families of Shorthorns which, when crossed with the Cruickshank families have produced some of the ve : best specimens of the breed, and nae thus broadened the scope for the fur- ther improvement and successful breed- - ing of these beef cattle.

Probably before going further it would be as well to give the names of a num- ber of well known families and the breeders to whom they are commonly credited, though, of course, a family may have been founded by one breeder, then females of this family may have

July 1, 1918

been purchased by another breeder, and to the latter, perhaps, will be credited the establishing of that Shorthorn fam- ily, the result being that in some cases there are two or more distinct families tracing to the same foundation, and in some cases there are two families with the same name, but founded by dif- ferent breeders. The families generally credited to Amos Cruickshank are Broadhooks, Nonpareil, Village Blossom, Wlysie, Orange Blossom, Secret, Bal- ona, Butterfly, Matchless, Lancaster, Lavender, Brawith Bud, Lovely, Victo- ria, Duchess of Gloster, Clipper, Amaranth, Buckingham, Lady Frag- rance, Violet, Venus, Crocus, Ava- lanche, Spicy. The families credited to W. S. Marr, and generally known as “Marr” families, are Missie, Princess Royal, Rachael, Bessie, Goldie, Clara, Roan or Red Lady, Alexandrina, Stam- ford, Flora, Maud, Spicy, Emma, Madge. The families founded by Sylvester Campbell are Mina, Ury, Bessie, Claret, Crimson Flower, Golden Drop, Clemen- tina and Matilda. The families estab- lished by James Bruce, and I might say that these cattle are among the most popular Scotch Shorthorns, are Rose- wood, Augusta, Mayflower, Marigold. Mr. J. B. Manson of Kilblean Hall, bred the well known Kilblean Beauty family, while the Duke of Richmond can be very well credited with having estab- lished the Lustre, Wimple and Jilt fam- ilies. I do not pretend in this list to have named all the Scotch Shorthorn families; in fact, where any good breeder has for a half dozen generations bred a line of females that have proven their worth, it is recognized that he is entitled to the credit of having estab- lished that family, but the ones of which I have given the names are to a very large extent the foundation families of Scotch Shorthorns, and the ambition of most men today when establishing a herd is to secure females belonging to some of these families.

Imported females of any of these fam- ilies, bred in Scotland, are almost cer- tain to be what is commonly called

Courtesy Park E. Salter, Augusta, Kan.

A Promising Group,

“Straight Scotch.” If the imported cow is down four or five crosses from the top of the pedigree it is equally as impor- tant to examine carefully into the breed- ing of the bulls in these top crosses to see that their pedigrees are Scotch, though personally I would not eare go much about that, if they were high class breeding bulls.

With regard to the identification of Scotch pedigrees, it is a very simple matter indeed. The imported cow is, of course, the key to the situation. If the imported cow is the last female mentioned in the pedigree it is prac- tically certain not to be Scotch, be- cause that is a pretty clear indication that there was practically no pure-bred breeding behind her, that, in other words, she was a cow just bred up and made eligible for registration in Coates’ herd book before she was imported to Canada, and this is not the case with Scotch families, because the foundation stock for these families was purchased by Messrs. Cruickshank, Marr, Bruce and other breeders from pure-bred breeders who preceded them, and the very foundation stock of these families had a number of pure-bred females in their pedigrees, so that when you get a pedigree in which the bottom cow is the imported cow, such as Beauty (imp.) 30 by Snowball 2647; Rose (imp.) 466 by Skipton 299; Lavinia (imp.) 299 by Son of Scipio 1421; Wild Dame (imp.) 533 by Anthony 1640, you may be sure without any further consideration that you have what is commonly known as a plain pedigree or a pedigree tracing to a cow imported from England. These are pedigrees with which breeders be- come very familiar in the earliest part of their Shorthorn experience, and they have no difficulty in identifying them. It would take too much space to go over the means of identifying all of the families mentioned, but we might take a few as examples. The family to which a pedigree belongs is always indicated by some of the females in the bottom of that pedigree, but there are a num- ber of families that trace to the same

foundation; for example, the cows Mary Anne, Miss Gibson, Dora and Kitty are found at the bottom of the female an- cestry in a number of Scotch families. The Cruickshank Butterfly family, for example, traces to this foundation, but above these cows are the cows Straw- berry, Bounty and Buttercup. Straw- berry was bred by Captain Barclay, purchased by Amos Cruickshank and from her he bred Bounty, and from her Buttercup, and from her Butterfly, from which the family got its name. A sam- ple Cruickshank Butterfly pedigree is as follows:

BUTTERFLY DUKE —107428—

Sire

Prince of Orange —72487—

Royal Favorite —56149—

Fortune (70467)

Reginald (64654)

Merlin (54715)

Khedive (49802)

True Liberal (64929)

May Duke (61299)

Mainstay (381795)

Royal Prince (25040)

Champion of England (17526)

John Bull (11618)

Dam

Butterfly Rose Butterfly Queen (imp.) Butterfly 27th Butterfly 23d

Butterfly 20th Butterfly 19th Butterfly 18th Butterfly 17th Butterfly 16th Butterfly 8th

Butterfly 2d

Butterfly Matadore (11800)

Buttereup Report (10704)

Bounty The Pacha (7612)

Strawberry Duke of Northumber- land 2d (3646)

Margaret Mahomed (6170)

Mary Anne Sillery (5131)

Miss Gibson Carleton (843)

Dora Diamond (205)

Kitty Diamond (205)

The Campbell Mina family traces to the same foundation, but above the cow Mary Anne is found the cow Helen in- , stead of Strawberry, as in the latter pedigree. Then the next three cows are the cows that are generally looked upon as the ones that indicate a Mina pedi- gree, Crocus, Bashful and Likely. These three cows were bred by Sylvester Campbell, the cow Likely being bred from the cow Helen, which he purchased from Captain Barclay. It is worth noting here that these two cows, Helen and Margaret, bred by Captain Barclay, were full sisters. One of them fell into the hands of Amos Cruickshank and founded the Butterfly family. The other one became the property of Sylvester

Photo by Hildebrand

Imp. Bapton Corporal at the Head

Campbell and laid the foundation for the well known Campbell Minas.

From the cow Helen, already referred to, was founded the well known Camp-

bell Minas.

The following is a sample Campbell

Mina pedigree:

MINA’S STANDARD —115385—

Dam Mina Minerva —98758S— Mina of Sylvan 3d

Mina of Sylvan 2d Mina Victor

Mina Lavender

Minerva (imp.) —2205— Mina 3d

Mina ist

Mina

Crocus

Bashful

Likely

Helen

Mary Anne Miss Gibson Dora

Kitty

Sire King —97450— Scottish Volunteer (imp.) —55044— Royal Standard —27653— Norseman —16397— Albert Victor —6315— (55250) Duke of Lavender —4123— (57135) Luminary (34715) Duke (28342) Diphthong 3d (21547) Beeswing (12456) Sir Arthur (12072) Young Ury (10984) The Pacha (7612) Duke of Northumber- land 2d (3646) Sillery (5131) Carleton (843) Diamond (205) Diamond (205)

Another family established upon this same foundation is the Marr Bessie, of which the following is a sample pedi-

gree:

Courtesy Eben EH. Jones, Rockland, Wis.

BESSIE CLIPPER —130744— Sire

Fortis —107271—

(120279) . Dorothy’s Pride (102020) Fechil (81038) Raftsman (89744) Elocutionist (47832)

Dam

Bessie 38th (imp.) Bessie Craibstone 3d Bessie Craibstone 2d Bessie 31st

Bessie 17th Cherub 4th (33359) Bessie 8th Prince Louis (27158) Bessie 2d Sir Hubert (18844) Bessie Clarendon (14280) Helen Sir Arthur (12072) Bonny Lass Young Ury (10984) Likely The Pacha (7612) Helen Duke of Northumber-

land 2d (3646) Mary Anne Sillery (5131)

Miss Gibson Carleton (843) Dora Diamond (205) Kitty Diamond (205)

It will be seen from examination of this pedigree that the bottom six cows are exactly the same as the Campbell Minas. Then Mr. Campbell bred two heifers, Bashful and Bonny Lass, from his cow Likely, both sired by Young Ury (10984) so they were full sisters, the cow Bashful becoming the founda- tion of the “Minas” and the cow Bonny Lass the foundation of the “Bessies.”

Another family with the same foun- dation is the Duke of Richmond’s Jilt. The following is a sample pedigree:

Photo by Hildebrand

A Pair of Snowballs, Hillshade Marvel and Hillshade Pear]

The Shorthorn in America

1 JILT KING —115362—

Dam Sire

King of Diamonds 77

(Pes

Lord Riverside 105th —73445—

King Victor (81394)

Jilt 22d —90703— Jilt 21st (imp.)

—48513—

Roan Jilt Scottish Prince (73593)

Tilbouries Duchess 3d Alan Gwynne (66609)

Rosie 2d Doctor (60616)

Rosie Lieutenant (62843)

Jilt 17th Albert (53892 )

Jilt 15th Gravesend (46461)

Jilt 12th Sir Windsor Broughton (27507)

Jilt 24 Whipper In (19139)

Jilt Prince Arthur (16723)

Flirt Magnum Bonum (13277)

Romp Bloomsbury (9972)

Queen The Pacha (7612)

Strawberry Duke of Northumber- land 2d (3646)

Margaret Mahomed (6170)

Mary Anne Sillery (5131)

Miss Gibson Carleton (843)

Dora Diamond (205)

Kitty Diamond (205)

It will be noticed that the six bottom cows in this pedigree are the same as the six foundation cows in the Butterfly pedigree. The first cow in this pedigree to be bred by the Duke of Richmond was the cow Romp, sired by one of the Duke’s first good bulls, Bloomsbury (9972). From this cow he bred the cow Flirt, and from her the first cow, which he named Jilt, from which the family takes its name. Frequently when pedigrees are rather long, some of the bottom names are left off in both print- ing and typing them, and the cows Flirt, Romp and Queen are pretty gen- erally recognized as the ones that iden- tify a Jilt pedigree.

The Cruickshank Mysie is another family in which the five foundation cows in the pedigree are the same as the Butterfly and the Jilt, but in this case the cow Margaret was bred by Captain Barclay, her owner, to The Pacha (7612) and produced the cow Mollie. This cow Mollie was purchased from Captain Barclay of Ury by William Hay of Shethin, and from her he bred the cow Mysie, and in fact the credit for the foundation of the Mysie family should belong to Mr. Hay, though his Mysie 8d passed into the hands of Mr. Cruickshank, who, by very successful breeding afterwards established this as one of the popular Shorthorn families. To Mr. Hay also belongs some credit for the foundation of the Marr Princess Royals, one of the favorite Shorthorn families. He purchased the cow Vesta. She was bred by Robert Smith of Bur- ley and was out of a cow named Varna. From Vesta Mr. Hay bred the cow Prin- cess Royal by Robin o’ Day (4973), and Princess Royal 3d out of Princess Royal by Grand Duke (10284), and after Mr. Hay’s death Mr. W. S. Marr of Upper- mill bought Princess Royal 6th at the Shethin dispersion sale, from which he bred up this exceedingly popular fam- ily. It was at the same sale that Amos Cruickshank bought the 11 year old cow Mysie, and also Mysie 26th, both of which he used in the establishment of the family that has taken their name. The name Princess Royal has been used somewhat freely in other pedigrees, but the genuine Marr Princess Royal traces on the dam’s side to Vesta and Varna.

The following are Mysie and Princess Royal pedigrees:

Oo»

July 1, 1918

MYSIE 52D —114609—

Sire Loyal Scot (102887) Blenachie (98057) Spicy Robin —2g259—

Dam

Princess Mysie Mysie 47th

Mysie 46th Baron Camperdown (47889)

Mysie 42d Corporal Crimson —1551—

Mysie 39th Cambridge Duke 2d —395—

Mysie 37th (imp.) Senator (27441)

Mysie 29th Lord Raglan (13244)

Mysie 3d Grand Duke (10284)

Mysie Kelly 2d (9265)

Molly The Pacha (7612)

Margaret Mahomed (6170)

Mary Anne Sillery (5131)

Miss Gibson Carleton (843) ra Diamond (205)

Kitty Diamond (205)

ROYAL BANDSMAN —102911—

Dam Sire

Bandsman (101367)

Best Boy (101525)

Merchant Prince —71916—

Life Line (74848)

Princess Royal 27th Princess Royal 26th

PRINCESS ROYAL 21st (imp.) Princess Thule 4th Princess Thule Princess Louise Princess Alice Princess Royal 20th Princess Royal 10th Princess Royal 8th Princess Royal 3d Princess Royal Vesta Varna

Denmark (65335)

Mark Twain (51715)

Lord Lovyel (48213)

Viscount (37632)

The Baron (35738)

Humboldt (31398)

Bosquet (14813)

Grand Duke (10284)

Robin 0’ Day (4973)

Leander (4199)

Son of Matchem (2281)

Sir Henry (1446)

Young Neswieck (1268)

By Son of Rose’s Red Bull (5009)

The following pedigree is sometimes mistaken for a Princess Royal, when as a matter of fact it is not, though this is very nice Scotch breeding, but it traces to an Averne foundation, instead of the Princess Royal foundation:

ROYAL BARON —105800—

Dam Sire Village Baron —97191— Princess Royal 13th Waterloo Victor —105339— —76425—

Princess Royal Diamond Statesman —29139—

Princess Addie Duke of Marlborough —12669—

Young Springwood Prince 2d —4077— Ventriloquist (44180)

Princess Royal 2d 0. BE. F

PRINCESS ROYAL 8th (imp.) —5193—

Princess Royal 2d

Princess Royal

Heir of Englishman 2d (34128) Grand Prince (26308)

Annie Picotee (15063) Fanny Garioch Lad (17938) Averne Bucephalus (6784) Young Amazon Crusader (934) Amazon Sultan (1485) Bellona Mars (411)

Rolla North Star (458)

Two Cruickshank families that have the same foundation cows are the Vil- lage Blossoms and the Buckinghams. The two bottom cows in both these pedigrees are Picotee and Sunflower. Both these cows were bred by Mr. Cruickshank. From the cow Picotee he bred two females which figure in these pedigrees. One was the cow Arabella by Robin o’ Day (4973) and the other was the cow The Vine by Fairfax Royal (6987). From the cow Arabella he bred the cow Miss Buckingham sired by Doctor Buckingham (14405), and she became the foundation cow for the Buckingham family. From this cow Arabella to the service of the bull Mat- adore (11800) he bred a cow Lady Isa- bella, which cow was the foundation of one Village Blossom pedigree, and it is interesting also to note that the cow The Vine was also bred to Matadore (11800), producing the cow Vintage, making the foundation for another Vil- lage Blossom pedigree. Examples of “Village Blossom” and “Buckingham” pedigrees are as follows:

VILLAGE GEM 2D —107445—

Dam Sire

Roan Duke —79145—

Glamis Duke —d4707—

Mildred’s Royal —45353—

Village Squire —24993—

Chief Officer —17089—

Sir Richard Booth —2454—

Grand Monarque

Village Gem —S9030— Village Treasure

Village Blossom Village Garland Village Boquet

Village Beauty

VILLAGH GIRL (imp.) —d38—

Village Bride

Village Maid

Village Nelle

Seotland’s Pride (251000)

Allan (21172)

Baronet (15614)

Champion of England (17526)

Vintage Lord Bathurst (13173) Lady Franklin Matadore (11800)

The Vine Fairfax Royal (6987) Picotee Premier (6308) Sunflower Unicorn (8725)

Young Satellite (8538) Valentine (661)

BELLE BUCKINGHAM —124880—

Dam Sire Gloster’s Glory —90858— Jean Buckingham Roan King —48526— —82381—

Red Chief —26746— Last Call —30132— Liberator (36893) Master of Arts (26867)

Lord Raglan (13244) The Baron (18833)

Bessie Buckingham

Jessie of Bright

Miss Buckingham

Airy Buckingham (imp.)

Ada Buckingham

Alice Buckingham

Miss Buckingham Dr. Buckingham (14405) Arabella Robin 0’ Day (4973)

Picotee Sunflower

Premier (6308) Unicorn (8725) Young Satellite (8538) Valentine (661)

A Cruickshank “Nonpareil” pedigree runs practically straight ‘‘Nonpareil’’ from the imported cow to the bottom of the pedigree, as this was one family that Mr. Cruickshank always numbered. In this particular family it was a habit of his to speak of the cows as the 10th Nonpareil, the 17th Nonpareil or the 24th Nonpareil, instead of as Nonpareil 10th, etc. A cow called Countess of Lincoln appears in the “Nonpareil” ped- igree towards the bottom, otherwise it is a straight “Nonpareil” in name, ex- cept for the bottom cow Twinstail. The same is also generally true of a Cruick- shank “Victoria” and also of a ‘“Laven- der” and a “Lancaster” pedigree.

The Marr “Roan or Red Lady” has Patience, Temperance and Fanny as the

& Reynolds, Wis.

Lodi,

Courtesy Herr Bros.

Master Ruby 446601, Note His Depth

foundation cows, but the first cows of this family owned by W. S. Marr was Roan Lady by Son of Ury (10984). This cow was bred by J. W. Whitford, and from her to the service of his bull Young Pacha (20457) Mr. Marr bred Red Lady. These cows were then gen- erally named Roan or Red Lady, accord- ing to their color though one daughter of his first “Red Lady’ cow he named English Lady. She was sired by Heir of Englishman (24122), his famous Bar- clay-bred bull. This cow was imported to Canada by John S. Armstrong, and because of her name, English Lady, a good many of her descendants have been named English Lady, and have come to be known in Canada as the “Hnglish Lady” family.

Another Marr family having the same foundation as the “Roan or Red Lady” is the Marr “Rachael.” The three bot- tom cows in this pedigree are Patience, Temperance and Fanny, but in the Rachael pedigree the cow Patience is Lizzie, followed by the cow Rachael by Clarendon (14280), from which cow the family took its name. The following are sample pedigrees of these two fam- ilies: § THE GENERAL —115384—

Sire

Blarney Stone —Ssé679s— Golden Emir —53050—

Dam Roan Lady 44th —94696— Roan Lady 40th RED LADY 38th ¢(imp.) —438506— Red Lady 28th Red Lady 15th

Red Lady 13th Roan Lady 5th

Merchantman —40400— (81686) Wanderer (60138)

Sittyton Pride (67939)

William of Orange (50694)

Elocutionist (47832)

Cherub 4th (33359)

Red Lady 2d Heir of Englishman (24122) 7 Red Lady Young Pacha (20457) Roan Lady Son of Young Ury (10984) Red Lady Van Dunck (10992) Patience Duke 7th (7984) Temperance Teetotaller (5411) Fanny Ivanhoe (1131) Son of Blyth Comet (85) Atlas (42) Colling’s Son of Favor- ite (252)

of Form

RACHAEL’S CHIEFTAIN —115386— Dam Sire

Pioneer —89582—

Golden Prize —68704—

British Prince —49774—

Laurier —23779—

Robert’s Favorite —8391—

British Prince —1464—

His Royal Highness —132— (28860)

Heir of Englishman (24122)

Young Pacha (20457)

Victoria 12th —112637— Victoria 8th

Victoria 5th

Victoria 24

Scottish Maid 3d Scottish Maid

Scottish Lass RACHAEL 8th (imp.) —t

48— Rachael 3d Sir Hubert (18844) Rachael Clarendon (14280) Lizzie Guy Fawkes (12981) Patience Duke 7th (7984) Temperance Teetotaller (5411) Fanny Ivanhoe (1131)

Son of Blyth Comet (85) Atlas (42) Son of Favorite (252)

The Cruickshank “Matchless” family is identified by the cow Premium by Holkar (4041). From her was bred the cow Matchless by Fairfax Royal (6987), from which cow the family was named, and the name ‘‘Matchless” is used freely in the pedigree. The Cruickshank “Or- ange Blossom” can be readily identified by the name “Orange Blossom,” as Mr. Cruickshank bred a great many cows of this name, numbering them as a means of identification. The cow from which he founded the family was Edith Fairfax by Sir Thomas Fairfax (5169). He bred her to the bull Matadore (11800), producing the cow Queen of Scotland, and from the cow Queen of Scotland he bred the cow Orange Blos- som, which gives the family its name. These three cows are found near the bottom of an “Orange Blossom” pedi- gree.

A “Kilblean Beauty” pedigree has the three cows Flora, Missie and Katherine as foundation cows. From the cow Flora Mr. J. B. Manson bred several cows which he named Beauty, giving them numbers as a means of identification, and from these cows and the name of Manson’s farm, Kilblean Hall, the fam- ily takes its name.

The Marr ‘“Missie’ family has Countess Jessamine, Rose and Thorn as the foundation cows. The cow

Countess was bred by Captain Barclay, and from her a Mr. Morrison bred the cow Missie, and from the cow Missie he bred Missie 2d. She passed into the hands of W. S. Marr, and from this cow he established the “Missie” family. This was one of the most popular fam- ilies at Uppermill. These cows were numbered, and we find their numbers in many cases running very high, as in the appended pedigree, the imported cow is Missie 166th. The following is a sample ‘‘Missie” pedigree:

FAVORITE MISSIE —93634—

Dam Sire Royal Favorite Missie of Pine Grove —56149 — 6th Marquis of Zenda (imp.)

MISSIE 166th (imp.)

Missie 158th Msisie 107th

Captain Inglewood (74177)

Scottish Areher (59893)

Athabasea (47359)

Missie 73d Prince Charlie (42172)

Missie 54th Cherub 4th (83359)

Missie 45th Heir of Englishman (24122)

Missie 30th Macduff (26773)

Missie 13th Young Pacha (20457)

Missie 5th Lord of Lorn (18258)

Missie 2d Augustus (15598)

Missie Son of Duke 38d (17697)

Countess The Pacha (7612)

Jessamine Mahomed (6170) iva

Rose Plenipo (4725)

Thorn Abbot (2899)

In founding the ‘‘Broadhooks” family the cow used by Mr. Cruickshank was Eliza, bred by Mr. T. Simpson. This cow Mr. Cruickshank bred to Prince Edward Fairfax 9506, and produced the cow Lady Elizabeth Fairfax, from which cow he bred Broadhooks 6th. The dam of this cow Eliza was Young Broad- hooks, which was the beginning of the name. Below the cow Young Broad- hooks in the pedigree will be found the names familiar to everyone handling Broadhooks pedigrees, namely the cows

Europa, Shorttail, Honeysuckle and Jane. A sample “Broadhooks” pedigree is

as follows:

BROADHOOKS 11TH (imp.) —99219—

Dam Sire

Bandmaster (97929)

Marksman (70946)

Duke of Fettes 6th (66941)

Money (64455)

Lord Violet (56103)

Crown Prince (51048)

Duke of Beaufort (38122 )

Bachelor of Arts (32982)

Champion of England (17526)

Baronet (15614)

The Baron (13833)

ae Edward Fairfax

( ) White Bull (5643)

Broadhook Maid Broadhooks F. 2d

Broadhooks F., May 2d

May

Beaufort Rose 4th

Beaufort Rose Broadhooks 10th

Broadhooks 9th Broadhooks 6th Lady Elizabeth Fairfax

Eliza

Young Broadhooks Young Ladykirk (4170) Europa Albion (731)

Shorttail Sirius (598) Honeysuckle Wellington (697)

Jane Sultan (631)

Signior (588)

The foundation cow in the Campbell “Golden Drop” pedigree is Bloom. This cow was bred by Sylvester Campbell, and was out of the cow Thessalonica. The two cows below her are Jewess and Ruth, so that these four cows make the foundation of a Golden Drop.

A Bruce ‘“‘Rosewood” pedigree gener- ally takes the name Rosewood complete- ly through the list of dams, and a Marr “Marigold” is easily identified in the same way. A Bruce “Augusta” has the cows Matilda, Cowslip and Cora as the bottom cows, and above that the cows are generally named Augusta. A Cruick- shank “Secret” is generally identified by the fact that all the dams in the pedigree have names beginning with S. The first of these cows bred by Mr. Cruickshank was the cow Splendid, which he bred from the cow Sympathy

Courtesy N. H. Gentry, Sedalia, Mo,

A Pasture Scene at Wooddale

The Shorthorn in America

to the service of his bull Lord Sack- ville (13249). The foundation cows of this pedigree were of Bates breeding, but from the cow: Splendid up it is of the best Scotch breeding. The follow- ing is a sample “Secret” pedigree:

SECRET STAMP Sire Prince of Orange (117052) Golden Mint (105635)

IMP. Dam

Secret 9th V58-873E

Secret Sth Royal Crown —282938—

Secret 3d King of Fame (81379)

Sybella 2d Stanmore (66380)

Sarcasm Cumberland (46144)

Sensation loan Gauntlet (35284)

Sybella Pride of the Isles (385072)

Sentiment Prince Alfred (27107)

Science Baronet (15614)

Splendid Lord Sackville (13249)

Sympathy Duke of Athol (10150)

Silence Farl of Derby (10177)

Secret 3d Duke of Sutherland (6945)

Secret 2d Tocvomotive (4242)

Secret Shorttail (2621)

White Rose 1st Gambier (2046)

White Rose Young Wynyard (2859)

A Bruce “Augusta” is identified by

the name “Augusta.” The bottom cow in the pedigree is Matilda, bred by Mr. Burrows, and from her Mr. James Bruce bred the cow Augusta.

The Brawith Bud family was bred by Mr. Cruickshank from a cow called Pure Gold. She was bred by Grant Duff and was out of a cow called Star Pagoda, and she was out of The Mint by Robin Oo’ Day (4793), and her dam was a cow called Brawith Bud, from which the family afterwards took its name. The names of these females in the bottom of a pedigree would therefore indicate that family.

It must not be thought for a moment that all the good Scotch Shorthorns are included in these definite families. Cows bred by Mr. Cruickshank and other breeders in Scotland frequently passed into the hands of men who were prob- ably breeding in a smaller way, and who from the indiscriminate manner in which they named the females in their pedigrees did not establish families, but who used good bulls and bred good cat- tle. The cow Diamond 17th (imp.) —18362— is an example. She was bred by Alex. Crombie, Woodend, Aberdeen- shire, and imported to Canada by D. D. Wilson of Seaforth, Ont., and has proved to be one of the really good breeding

Photo by Hildebrand

July 1, 1918

Courtesy J. E. Kennedy, Janesville, Wis.

Scotch cows in this country, though she could not be classed in any par- ticular family. Gem of Ballechin (imp.) —31174— and Ballechin Daisy (imp.) —31173—, two cows bred by Mr. A. Rob- ertson of ‘“Haugh-in-Ballechin,’ Perth- shire, Scotland, and brought to Canada by James and P. Crearar, have been good breeding Scotch cows, and yet are not identified with any particular fam- ily, though quite a few of their ma- ternal ancestors were bred by the Duke of Northumberland. Carrie (imp.) —48672—is also another Scotch cow bred by John Robertson, Tocherford, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, and imported by Arthur Johnston, Greenwood, Ont. Some half dozen of her maternal an- cestors were named Charlotte Corday and are sometimes referred to as be- longing to that family. Another exam- ple is the Lady Dorothys. The name has been preserved on the maternal side of the pedigree and is generally re- ferred to as the Lady Dorothy family, though these cows have not been bred very continuously by any one promi- nent breeder. There are also scores of other Scotch cows, in Canada and the United States, that have been of great value to the breed, but are not classed in any of these particular families.

It is generally acknowledged among breeders that nothing is so important as a good sire, and the success of a cattle breeder is generally very closely associated with some real good bull. Champion of Hngland (17526) was the bull that really made Amos Cruick- shank, followed, of course, by bulls like Scotland’s Pride (25100), Caesar Au- gustus (25704), Grand Duke of Glouces- ter (26288), Royal Duke of Gloucester

(29864), Viceroy (32764), Pride of the Isles (35072), and Roan Gauntlet (35284). Of these latter bulls, Mr.

Cruickshank preferred Roan Gauntlet. Speaking of the calves from this bull, in some notes made for Robert Bruce, a personal friend and Shorthorn his- torian, he said, in his cryptic manner, “All good by him.”

A Typical Group of Shorthorn Females

It is interesting to note how some of these latter bulls were bred, as they show the real effect of Champion of England upon the Cruickshank herd. Roan Gauntlet, for example, was sired by Duke of Gloucester (29864), and he was by Grand Duke of Gloucester (26288), and he by Champion of England, and Roan Gauntlet’s dam was Princess Royal, also by Champion of England. Then to go back to the sire of this bull, namely, Royal Duke of Gloucester, we find that he was out of the cow Mimu- lus, and she was also by Champion of England, so it will be seen that Royal Duke of Gloucester was an inbred Champion of England, and that Roan Gauntlet was sired by him and also out of a Champion of England dam, so that we see the blood of Champion of Eng- land intensified in these bulls that Mr. Cruickshank afterwards used. Pride of the Isles (35072) was also a grandson of Champion of England. In this way we see Mr. Cruickshank’s efforts to fix the type of Champion of England in his herd, and we also see the methods by which he worked out his plan.

As already mentioned, at the request of Mr. Robert Bruce, Mr. Cruickshank made some notes on the leading bulls that he had used in his herd. They were only very brief remarks about each animal, but they were very significant. Opposite the name Champion of Eng- land he only wrote three words, “best of all.’ Respecting Lancaster Comet, the sire of Champion of England, he said, “I did not realize his value till he was gone; he was a short-legged bull and put together like a fat pig; all his stock were good.” From this latter sen- tence we get some idea of the type of eattle that Mr. Cruickshank was en- deavoring to breed; low set and thick, with good quarters and good backs. With respect to Roan Gauntlet he said, ‘Very like Champion of PEngland; all good by him.”

What was true of Mr. Cruickshank with respect to the influence of bulls in his herd has also been true of other

Photo by Hildebrand

breeders. Field Marshal (47870) and Scottish Archer (59893) did for William Duthie what Champion of England and Roan Gauntlet had done for Amos Cruickshank, and it is interesting to note that Field Marshal (47870) was sired by Roan Gauntlet (35284) and out of the cow Azalea by Caesar Augustus (25704), and he was by Champion of England, and Scottish Archer was by Pride of the Isles, a grandson of Cham- pion of England.

Another great bull that played an im- portant part in the herd of W. S. Marr of Uppermill was William of Orange (50694). This bull was also bred by Mr, Cruickshank and was sired by Roan Gauntlet 35284. His dam was Orange Blossom 21st by Caesar Augustus (27504), so that it will be observed that Field Marshal and William of Orange were very closely related and were also very closely inbred to Champion of England.

What is true of the herds in Scotland has been true of herds in Canada. The Cruickshank Victoria bull Indian Chief first brought Arthur Johnston into prom- inence as a Shorthorn breeder. Prince Gloucester — 40998— played a strong part in the constructive breeding car- ried on by the Hon. John Dryden; and Royal Sailor (imp.) —8s959— and Barmpton Hero —324— did much for the Watt herds at Salem, Ontario. It is well worth noting here that Barmpton Hero, who was in his day the best show and breeding bull in Canada, was bred by Hon. John Dryden, from his imported cow Mimulus —343— by Champion of England (17526). This cow was also the mother, as before noted, of Amos Cruickshank’s great herd bull Royal Duke of Gloucester (29864), who was in turn the sire of the great Roan Gaunt- let (35284). Gold Drop (43723) played a similar part in the herd of Harry Smith of Hay, Ontario, and today Gainford Marquis is doing the same thing for J. A. Watt of Salem, and Archer’s Hope has his sons and daugh- ters from W. A. Dryden’s herd scat-

tered among some of the best breeders on the continent, and Blarney Stone, bred and used by Harry Smith, though dead, is living in his representatives in quite a few of the best herds. Robert Miller’s Superb Sultan not only sired the senior champion at the last Inter- national Show, but his grandsons and granddaughters have stood in many of the first places in Canadian exhibitions during the last few years. A good few of the latter have been sired by Laven- der Sultan, John Gardhouse’s herd bull; and a beginner needs only to glance through the records of the Shorthorn herds in Canada to be impressed with the importance and necessity of always having a first class bull at the head of a herd. Not only is it important to have a good bull, but it is also im- portant to have a bull that is stronger both in individuality and in blood lines than the females you are breeding to him. If this is not the case, instead of improving your cattle, you are al- most certain to breed calves that are inferior to their mothers.

It is frequently asked why cattle with Scotch pedigrees bred in Canada are usually considered better than what is commonly known as plain bred ones. There is no doubt that cattle bred from a plain foundation by the continued use of good bulls can be made just as good individuals as though they were bred from a Scotch foundation. Baron War- laby traced to Beauty (30) by Snow- ball, and he was the great show bull that headed the Bow Park herd when it made the triumphal march through the American shows, where it was named by exhibitors “The gilt-edged herd from Canada.” In these days he would have been called plain bred. The difficulty at the present time, however, has been that for the last thirty or thirty-five years Scotch Shorthorns have been gaining in popularity with the best breeders, so that they have owned al- most exclusively Scotch females. This class of breeder has been using good bulls and producing good cattle. The

Courtesy Weaver & Garden, Wapello, Iowa,

plainer bred females have fallen into the hands of a more or less indifferent sort of breeder, and in many cases have passed into the hands of beginners, many of whom do not recognize the im- portance of buying high class bulls, with the result that their cattle have in many cases been deteriorating rather than improving, but you will frequently find plain bred Shorthorns in the hands of good breeders, and very often they are among the best individuals in his herd.

Good pedigrees, however, have in themselves an appeal to the breeder, and after a man has been in the business for some years, and has become thor- oughly acquainted with the different lines of breeding and knows enough of the personal history of the best indi- vidual Shorthorns, he is rarely ever content to have anything but what he regards as high class pedigrees, and just as the first class animal has a very strong attraction for the cattle breeder, so the choice pedigree has also a fas- cination for him, and to the man who is deeply interested in the business there is always something new to learn with respect to pedigrees and some lines of breeding to discover that have proven eminently successful, and the knowledge and information that a man gains as he studies the history of breed- ing, through the pedigrees, gives an added charm to the finest business in the world, that of breeding and raising good cattle.

I might best way pedigrees,

just observe here that the to study Scotch Shorthorn or any pedigrees for that matter, is to get a good collection of catalogues, and especially those cata- logues that publish the names of the breeders of the dams and sires, and if the catalogues publish good footnotes respecting the family and breeding of the individuals it will also be very helpful, but there is no easier or better way to familiarize yourself with pedi- grees than this, and I am also quite sure that you will enjoy reading Short-

Yearling Heifers at Uppermill Farm

The Shorthorn in America

horn history very much better if you learn something about the identifica- tion of pedigrees first.

In looking over pedigrees where the breeders’ names are given, it will be noticed that in the early history of Shorthorns Mr. Cruickshank and Mr. Marr, as well as other breeders, fre- quently used bulls bred by Captain Bar- clay, so that the founders of Scotch Shorthorn families owe a great deal to this early breeder. We find the names Billy (3151), The Pacha (7612), Young Ury (10984), and the famous bull, Heir of Englishman (24122) appearing very often in many of our best Shorthorn pedigrees. These bulls were all bred by Captain Barclay. Heir of Englishman is generally accredited with being one of the first bulls that brought Mr. Marr’s Uppermill herd into prominence. He was one of the best sires of females in Scotland in his day.

It lad to Come

Yes, the inclination to the Shorthorn is country-wide and with the growing necessity of beef and milk production on the farms the Shorthorn will grow in favor. With Shorthorn steers repeatedly topping the markets, making the high- est dressed weight percentages, captur- ing championships in competition with other breeds, and Shorthorn cows mak- ing milk records of 10,000, 12,000, 15,000 and even in excess of 17,000 pounds of milk per year, there isn’t any question about the growing popularity of the breed.

Photographs

We are constantly in need of photo- graphs suitable for reproduction. It is desirable that the animals shown in the picture be of pleasing type and pose. Send such pictures direct to this office with the information pertaining to the picture on the back and the name and address of the owner.

Photo by Hildebrand

July 1, 1918

What Oré

Much has been written and much has been said about the intrinsic merits of the Shorthorn, and the story is not all told. Men have been born, have de- voted their lives to the improvement of this splendid breed, and succeeding gen- erations have pronounced them great because of the economic value of their achievements. Farms have been made richer and more fertile, communities have prospered, great states have ac- quired reputations for productiveness because Shorthorn cattle have been in- troduced and maintained on those farms, in those communities and in those states,

The cattle business perhaps more than any other is responsive to co-operative effort. No other breed has gained so much advantage from this condition as has the Shorthorn. In the production of no other breed hag the man of limited capital or limited area such opportunity for success as with the Shorthorn breed. Its adaptability for usefulness to man in many ways and under varying condi- tions of climate has created a universal demand for Shorthorns wherever soil needs building up, native stocks need improving or farmers seek an opportu- nity for profitable employment of their labor throughout all of the year. And in order to supply that demand in as large a measure as possible, opportunity has been given the small breeder to share in the great trade that has re- sulted, upon equal footing with the largest breeder in the land.

The American Shorthorn Breeders’ As- sociation continually urges production upon all the farms of the country, whether large or small. It would take more space than that alloted to this ar- ticle to enumerate the many forms this encouragement takes. Not the least of these is the assistance given to shows, to sales such as the last Congress Sale, and to the organization and promotion of the work of local or district breeders’ associations.

The writer has had the privilege of assisting in the formation of twelve of these local associations in five states within the last two years. The results already obtained and plans for future activities that are now being formed have convinced him that the small breeder’s greatest opportunity is in co- operation as members of such organiza- tions. Indeed, many a man has been deterred from engaging in the pure- bred cattle business because he has sup- posed that without a large herd and a large advertising expense he would be unable to find an outlet for his product and would be forced to sacrifice valua- ble breeding cattle for the price of butcher stock. Thanks to the work of the American Association and to local associations working through it, such is far from the case. Anyone desiring to engage in this fascinating occupation, who will consult with any of the officers or fieldmen of the American Shorthorn Breeders’ Association, and will exhibit

amization Meams

enough confidence to make a free and frank statement of his particular con- ditions, will be put on the right road to successful and profitable cattle produc- tion.

The best results from associations of this kind occur when all the breeders in the community are given an opportunity to affiliate and where they display the fullest and freest confidence in one an- other, where every customer who comes along is the customer of the whole com- munity and gets a look at all the cattle in the community and is sold that which best suits his desires, his purse, or the extent of his credit. In starting such an

il By Will Johnson

Ft. Wayne, Ind.

uable aids, and much of the success of the local Shorthorn breeders’ associa- tions is due to their effective co-opera- tion.

Having organized, a well considered program should be adopted and followed. Members should list their stock with the secretary. If public sales are to be held, entries should be made, if possible, months in advance of the sale, so that sufficient opportunity might be given for publishing catalogs, securing competent auctioneers and for extensive advertis- ing. Beginners should be helped in the selection of the right kind of foundation stock and should be taught to recognize

John B, Ross, a Member of the Fort Wayne District Shorthorn Breeders’ Asso- ciation, and Two Heifers, His First Purchases, Bought at the National Shorthorn Congress Show and Sale for $1,900

organization the help of every agency that is available should be enlisted, so that a good start may be made along lines that will produce the best results. A survey of the community should be made to learn something of the number and quality of its cattle. The first call for assistance should be made to the American Shorthorn Breeders’ Associa- tion, which is ever ready to respond with helpful suggestions, outlines of plans for organizations, and other valuable infor- mation, and often with the service of a fieldman.

The livestock husbandry departments of the state agricultural colleges are also ready to render valuable service to all communities endeavoring to progress along lines of improving cattle stocks, and not the least important in the list of those who serve the husbandman are the county agricultural agents. As their work and influence are largely within the community itself, they are most val-

quality in cattle and appreciate its value. When public sales are held, the expense is deducted from the proceeds of the sale, but there are many other things to be done from which no direct revenue is received, and to meet these expenses it is necessary to charge a membership fee or annual dues. In most cases a fee of $10 is charged, though some associa- tions have put their dues as low as $5. Anything less than this is inadequate to coyer the incidental expenses of the as- sociation and tends to make the value of membership insignificant in the opinion of the member, as well as the non- member. As a matter of fact, it would be hard to over-estimate the value of the associations to the communities in which they are organized.

The Fort Wayne District Shorthorn Breeders’ Association is a good example of what such an association can accom- plish for the members and for the pro- motion of the interest of the breed. Be-

fore its organization there were but three or four breeders, in the eight coun- ties from which its members are now drawn, who were known or had any in- fluence upon the industry outside of their immediate neighborhood. Of the others, nearly all depended upon a mar- ket for their product that paid little better than grade prices. Now, a little less than two years after organization, this section is recognized as one of the centers of the Shorthorn trade. More than a score of good, strong herds of high class cattle, founded upon stock of splendid individual merit and with ped- igrees of the kind most sought for, are maintained by its members. At least twice that many herds have been started by men who have come to see the oppor- tunities for success through co-operative effort. Public sales held by the associa- tion have been a source of outlet for the producers, but more than that they have had the effect of educating the farmers and breeders to the public estimate of the relative value of good Shorthorns

Blue-Grey Steers by White Bulls

The keen observant Scotchmen, who have made a reputation as the most skillful cattle feeders of all the world, have a fancy for ‘“blue-grey” steers which a recent demonstration at the Kansas State Agricultural College indi- cates is not fancy alone but is based upon efficiency. During the summer of 1916 a group of grade Angus and Gal- loway cows were mated with pure-bred white Shorthorn bulls. The resultant calf crop was largely of a blue-grey color with about two percent red roan, one percent red and white, and ten per- cent black. To the unobservant the color combination and absence of horns seemed to almost entirely cover the Shorthorn character of the offspring, but the results secured in the feed lot brought to the surface the inherent worth of the Shorthorn blood as exem- plified by the weights and gains as well as the thick covering and the even finish.

Courtesy Kansas State Agricultural College, Manhattan, Kan.

Blue-grey Calves Sired by White Shorthorn Bulls.

and inferior Shorthorns and of cattle bred along constructive lines and cattle of miscellaneous breeding. So deeply has this demonstration of values im- pressed itself upon the community that men in three instances who have started in the business have put their available capital into two high class females rath- er than buy half a dozen or more of medium quality. At the recent Congress Sale one of the members of this asso- ciation made his first purchase of pure- bred cattle, buying two heifers, Anoka Blossom 3d, a futurity winner at the 1916 International, and safe in calf to imp. Caledonia, and a Mina heifer in calf to Butternut. As an answer to the much repeated question of “How much should a beginner pay for foundation stock?” it might be well to call attention to the fact that this beginner paid $1,900 for these heifers. Since getting them home they have both delivered heifer calves. Another man started with two imported heifers. One member bought a bull at the Congress for $1,000. And speaking

By W. A. COVHBL

Manhattan, Kan.

This instance demonstrates that the dominant body color or facial markings, due to the admixture of other blood with that of the Shorthorn, frequently causes those not thoroughly familiar with the behavior of color in heredity to assume that the excellence of many market cattle is due to the use of breeds noted for color characteristics rather than to the more useful qualities, such as scale quality and depth of flesh, al- ways dominant in cattle which carry a high percentage of Shorthorn blood.

These calves were bred at Hays, Kan., under range conditions; weaned in Oc- tober and shipped to Manhattan, where they were vaccinated and castrated, or spayed. After recovering from these operations they were placed in the ex- periment feed lots at an average weight of 477 pounds and fed in five different lots during a period of five months, with shelled corn and alfalfa as a basal ra-

Photo by G. C. Wheeler

They Sold at 13 Months of

Age for $16.46 per cwt., a Record Price at the Kansas City Market

for Light Yearlings.

Total, $132.89 per Head

The Shorthorn in America

of the Congress, it might be well to add that small breeders figured in the sell- ing as well as the buying at that memo- rable event. One breeder who consigned but one cow and calf to the sale real- ized $1,500 for his offering. And many tales of a nature to encourage the small breeder might be told.

No better example of valuable co- operation could be given than that of the recent purchase of a bull by four members of the Fort Wayne association. These men having each purchased or bred a few very desirable females real- ized that in order to maintain the high standard set for their herds it would be necessary for them to obtain a bull of exceptional merit. On account of the limited number of cattle in their herds none of them felt justified in paying the price required to acquire a bull of the desired quality. So these men pooled their capital and bought at a long figure a bull that many good judges declare to be one of the outstanding herd bull prospects in America.

EYEEHEYEY

tion, supplemented with linseed or cot- tonseed meal in two lots, linseed meal and silage in another and ground corn instead in the fifth. The most satisfac- tory gains were secured when ground corn, linseed meal, alfalfa hay and sil- age were fed, but the value of additional gains due to the grinding of the corn was not more than sufficient to overbal- ance the loss on hogs following.

The average daily gain of the entire group of calves was 242 pounds. This is the highest average gain ever re- ported from an experiment involving the use of fifty head of cattle of similar age and length of feeding period. These calves were marketed in Kansas City at an average of $16.46 per cwt., which is the highest price ever paid on that mar- ket for cattle of the light yearling class. The net returns amounted to $132.89 per head for grade Shorthorn steers and heifers averaging approximately thir- teen months in age.

The results secured from this method of breeding and feeding indicate the value of Shorthorn blood to farmers and feeders. The bulls used were not of fancy breeding, but were what is gen- erally termed “useful” or “commercial” Shorthorns, of good size, abundant qual- ity, thick flesh when in good condition and blocky, deep bodied and _ broad backed type. They were purchased at prices well within the reach of any far- mer, who has as many as fifteen cows to breed. The additional value of their calves as compared with the average of the same age on the market on the day of sale would have justified a service fee of $20 on each calf rather than the use of an inferior or “serub” bull.

Shorthorn breeders should encourage the use of white bulls by their neigh- bors, who may own an ordinary mixed bunch of grade cows, not only as a means of selling bulls but as a demon- stration of their superior value.in siring responsive and profitable beef types.

July 1, 1918

Shorthorn Imspiration

While visiting in St. Louis the sum- mer of the World’s Fair, I spent one afternoon at the livestock pavilion with a crowd of young people from Nebraska. It happened to be particu- larly Shorthorn day and was my first conscious glimpse of the reds, whites and roans,

I realized in a small way what the breeding of Shorthorn cattle meant to the livestock world. My attention was called to the class of people by which we were surrounded—happy, cultured, intelligent people—in contrast to the crowd we noticed at the races at Del- mar Gardens the day before. I received that afternoon a permanent interest in Shorthorn cattle, and one never knows what unimportant events may interest your friends and neighbors in better livestock.

In 1873 the late Thomas Andrews journeyed, with his family, to the Republican Valley. At that time deer and buffalo grazed upon the hills, and many miles separated the homes of the neighboring settlers. He brought with him some 80 head of cattle and Clydes- dale horses. His inherent love for good cattle and the realization that the settlers of western Nebraska must depend upon livestock for a living, caused him to return to Canada in 1887 and bring back with him some twelve head of registered Shorthorns.

Later trips were made during the nineties until some 350 head, altogether were brought to the Republican Val- ley and kept for foundation stock or sold to neighboring farmers and ranchers.

There were many ups and downs in the cattle business in those days. Per- haps the darkest time was from ’92 to 95, when the country was drought- stricken. Man’s intentions were good but his credit had become poor. At that time Mr. Andrews accidentally heard of a man from Colorado who was going east for registered Shorthorns, and wrote him asking that he stop off

Courtesy Earl W. Evans, Milford Center, Ohio.

and look at the cattle for sale by him- self and his neighbors.

The western buyer went no farther east; and it was a day of rejoicing in

the little town when the neighboring farmers brought in their share of the load to be shipped to Colorado.

That same year a Shorthorn bull was traded for 20 bushels of alfalfa seed and the work started of redeeming a drought-

Courtesy University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb.

Rosebud 2d, a Daughter of Glenbrook Sultan

stricken country by that wonderful legume, alfalfa. Silos aided in this, the first one being a pit silo constructed in 1901. Today you will find Republi- can Valley a fertile, prosperous coun- try and to my knowledge some fifty Shorthorn breeders within a radius of twenty-five miles of Cambridge, also many herds of other breeds.

We have two very prosperous Short- horn associations in this twenty-five mile radius, which creates a market for surplus stock. “From the little acorn grows the mighty oak,’ and no one dreamed what it meant to the livestock world, when at a Shorthorn cattle sale held by Mr. Andrews at his home in 1899, a young man purchased his first registered cow. This young man was afterward lost to the Shorthorn frater- nity, but we can claim the distinction

By lEumice Amdrews

Cambridge, Neb.

of having started Robert Mousel in the breeding of registered cattle and by

making the name of Mousel Bros. famous for their Herefords. To give true inspiration, well bred

and well cared for cattle are always necessary. This recalls the story ex- Governor Shallenberger has often told of having obtained some_ registered Shorthorns in the early days, in lieu of payment for a note. He was rather proud of having started in the Short- horn business until, driving along the country road one day he saw some level backed, wide, red, white and roan cattle grazing in a pasture. He stopped and looked at them; then, turning to his companion, a man from the old coun- try, asked him, “What kind of cattle are they?’ Upon being told that they were Shorthorns he said, ‘If these are Shorthorns the ones I have at home are not.” He disposed of his first start and became the owner of the cattle he had seen grazing in the pasture.

It is not an uncommon sight to see men and boys driving in a herd of cattle to ship and going a few days later and purchasing a smaller number of regis- tered ones. With our tendency to dry weather and high-priced feed most farmers realize that the best cattle obtainable are the only kind to raise.

After the start has been made, per- haps the greatest source of inspiration is in visiting other Shorthorn breeders and looking over their herds. Then one should read all that can be obtained about Shorthorn cattle, especially Short- horns in America, study Shorthorn his- tory and visit, when possible, Shorthorn shows and sales.

Who are they who will not say with Mr. Sanders, “There is in that grand old name Shorthorn which _ should inspire all who love the breed with that same ambition that moved the Athen- ian youth of old to exclaim, ‘The tro- phies of Miltiades will not let me sleep.”

Photo by Hildebrand

The Breeding Herd, An Ohio Pasture Scene

What the Calf Club Meams

By C. J. McMaster

Altona, Ill.

Capital today realizes as never before the importance of more and better live- stock on every farm. The modern banker, ever alert and with his finger always on the pulse of agriculture, fully understands that without a fixed crop rotation in which the breeding and feed- ing of cattle enters largely, there can be no marked advance or permanent increase of food production on the farms of our great American continent.

I say breeding and feeding cattle for the reason that cattle are capable of converting into valuable growth and flesh large quantities of crop residue and cheap feed such as are found in abundance on every cornbelt farm in the States.

Granted that banking of today, as in ether lines, is constantly striving to maintain and extend its volume of busi- ness, so far as sound methods will per- mit. Nevertheless, the fact cannot be denied that any falling off in produc- tion in the community which it serves, means a general slowing down in all lines of business and a direct loss to the bank. It is therefore apparent that in promoting calf clubs the banker is prompted by motives other than the small amount of publicity gained there- by.

Early in the present year the Illinois State Shorthorn Breeders’ Association conceived the idea of co-operating with the banks, assisting them, at their request, in selecting and buying a class of Shorthorn calves calculated to en- courage continued interest and create new friends for the breed in the locality in which they were placed.

An organization was promptly formed which practically combed the state for Shorthorn calves suitable for this pur- pose. A number of Illinois clubs have been supplied, while calves were not available to supply later requests. Only a good class of Scotch-topped calves were recommended. It was suggested that one club be supplied with high- class heifer calves of Scotch pedigrees; calves for this club to be drafted from the prominent Shorthorn herds through- out the state. This, however, was dis- couraged by the management on the ground that pedigree was a matter to be determined later by the boys them- selves who stick and are to become our future breeders of Shorthorn cattle.

Naturally, opinions differ as to the length of time for which the contract and notes should be drawn. However, thus far the short term contract has been popular and possibly will continue to have preference over a more extended period. Placing calves in the spring, to be returned late in the fall for show and sale, seems to be the most practical and the easiest method of handling these calf clul contracts.

The show feature is also essential and should be planned to encourage the largest number of members possible. Nothing quite equals friendly strife and competition to create enthusiasm. It is my opinion, gained from limited expe- rience during the past few months, that while state and federal fieldmen can render valuable assistance in this work, the greater service must come through the efforts of the record association, state and local breed organizations and the hearty co-operation of every indi- vidual breeder. Not in a general way, but through the united efforts of those who have the interest of their favorite breed at heart.

No movement in recent years has promised so much in the way of wider distribution of more and better live- stock, and also in interesting the younger generation in a work that leads to better manhood and womanhood. Do I need to suggest that the young boy whose spare moments are occupied by caring for and developing a high-class Shorthorn calf is building character and a future that will be unknown to his less fortunate brother, whose open mind has become filled with the more trivial things of life.

At the Galesburg District Fair last year a special class was made for calves of this class. Two bright young lads from our county were induced to show their calves, returning home much pleased with their awards. The boys retained the calves, carrying them to the Illinois State Shorthorn Breeders’ Sale and Show last February. There, in competition with experienced breed- ers and high-salaried herdsmen, and under competent judges, their calf was first in class and champion bull of the show. Hundreds of other boys can do as well, or better, if the opportunity is afforded.

In promoting and developing calf and pig clubs our bankers are rendering the country a most valuable service at this time; insuring for the future a depend- able supply of meats and increasing our grain production as well.

The record association, state and local breed organizations and breeders themselves can accomplish much for the breed by encouraging and assisting in this great work; by locating creditable calves at a price that is fair to both buyer and seller, recommending club members and in many other ways.

While this is only a beginning, with a scattered club here and there, the demand has exceeded the number of calves available for this purpose. The further extension of this work, if prop- erly fostered by those vitally interested in the breed, will afford a market for Shorthorn calves in numbers _ hereto- fore unknown and of better quality.

The Shorthorn in America

Plams for Calf Clubs

By L. P. McMILLEN, Pres. First Nat’] Bank, Rock Falls, Il.

In accordance with your request I will try and give you an outline of the plan adopted for our Shorthorn Calf Club. We used a contract very similar to the one used by the Avon State Bank, with the exception that we made the time three years instead of one and charged the customary rate of interest in this lo- cality. By putting heifers out for three years before requiring sale or settle- ment we hope to develop real breeders of registered cattle, for by that time they should have a little herd started, as we purchased bred heifers with a few exceptions. By charging the usual rate of interest we felt we were putting the club on a purely business basis and felt that should be the only standpoint from which anyone should join the club.

We used the local newspaper in the advertising of the club with two objects in view: The first, we wanted to give every one a chance to become a mem- ber and we have found it is very hard to keep from overlooking someone by any other method. Our second object was that we wanted all the members to take and have enough interest in the subject of pure-bred registered cattle to call and get the information necessary to become a member.

We feel very sure we could have se- cured, by solicitation, twice as many members as’ we did, but wanted only those who were really interested and none who needed to be urged to join.

In our contract we limited age of members, but in actual working of the club we were not confined to this re- triction. In this case to a great extent we really used the children to interest the parents in breeding registered stock and so did not confine membership to children. We started out with a limit of $200 valuation, but at a meeting of the club members half of them asked to raise them to $250 or better and so we have purchased fifteen costing over $250. In selecting the heifers we have tried to secure good individuals with as good breeding as possible and have six straight Scotch heifers. We are fortu- nate in having in the community a num- ber of good bulls to breed these heifers to and can already see an increased de- mand for better bulls around here even by some outside of the club.

We hope to be able to have a show of these cattle this fall and expect to offer liberal Cash prizes and in this way in- crease the interest.

The purchasing was done by a com- mittee selected by the members, members sharing in the expense.

Our thought in selecting Shorthorns was that we consider them the very best for the average farmer to raise and most suitable for our community. We gave the members a choice in this and stood ready to buy any breed desired, but not a single one favored any other breed.

We have been very much gratified with the reception given the heifers and the care they are receiving.

all : J

July 1, 1918

Across the Border

In democratic America it is gener- ally conceded that a majority should have the controlling power in the nation’s affairs; that the minority should fall into line and be governed by the hand of the majority. This is based on the principle that the mind of the people can be depended on in mat- j ters where their judgment has been obtained. In cattle affairs, for many years, there has been a vast majority favoring Shorthorns and their crosses. Now it begins to look as if this term

majority might disappear, being dis- placed by the word unanimous. Canadian breeders, importers and

exporters have experienced a very per- sistent demand for all the Shorthorns which they have been able to produce or procure, and the end does not yet appear. A part of this demand has been due to the establishment of new small herds, which are based on the very general appreciation of Shorthorn blood in the improvement of the com- mercial stock of the country. For after all why should there be maintained herds of pure-bred cattle? Is it just as a hobby for men of wealth? This may be one development, but the main reason, which is the real foundation for the existence of the pure-bred industry, is for the distribution of well-bred bulls to work improvement on the ordi- nary or common cattle of the country.

All cattle were common at one time, until certain men conceived the idea that by selection and the consistent use of good sires they would be able to develop animals of superior merit. They were so successful in earlier days that the progeny of these herds were sought after because of their excellent qualities for crossing purposes. At a later period the idea of keeping records of ancestry was developed until the present day, when we find record asso- ciations representing an industry of vast importance and wealth. The cor- nerstone, therefore, of all pure-bred breeding herds is the welfare of the commercial stocks of the country.

So when it is discovered that a very large proportion of the pure-bred cattle of a country are of one breed, we natu- rally conclude that this is the one in which the producers of commercial cat- tle most commonly place their confi- dence. Their reasons for being at- tracted to any special breed are not sentimental. Their interest is from the viewpoint of dollars and cents.

In Canada nearly all of the breed associations are grouped together, and their pedigree registration work con- trolled by one board, which is composed of representatives from each associa- tion. This board selects an executive committee, called the Canadian National Live Stock Record Committee. In their annual report for 1917 of the business of the various associations, we find that both in volume of business done and

amount of money received, the Short-

horn is far in the lead. There were 16,863 Shorthorns recorded in 1917, which is almost 5,000 more than the

total of all the other cattle breeders’ associations combined. This goes to show the existing popularity of the Shorthorn in Canada. With this in mind, if we will visit our leading mar- kets it will help to establish the con- nection between pure-breds and com- mercial cattle, for there we find the colors of the red, white and roan pre- dominating to a very large degree.

The Province of Ontario has long been the center of the Shorthorn indus- try in Canada, and still has more regis- tered cattle of that breed than all the rest of Canada. West of the Great Lakes, however, many grain growers are putting in most creditable founda- tion herds. In some cases these men are beginning to realize that mixed farming, even on their rich soil is the proper system to attain success. When wheat fails, possibly cattle may not, and so with all their eggs not in one basket they may avoid financial dis- tress. This trade heretofore has been taking from eastern breeders many good cattle, but of the so-called plainer pedigrees. They have not been insis- tent on Scotch pedigree altogether, but have bought liberally of the descendants of early importations into Ontario, of which there are numerous small herds still existing. The demand at present is tending toward more fashionable breeding, and in several instances high prices have been and are being paid for both males and females of splendid type and most up-to-date breeding.

There is every reason to anticipate that the trade in western Canada will expand very greatly and not alone with Ontario breeders. Now that regulations of the American Shorthorn Association and the Dominion Shorthorn Associa-

Courtesy C. E. Suppes, Tulsa, Okla, ‘

Both the Bulland the Alfalfa Look Promising

15 By W. A. Dryden

Brooklin, Ont.

tion have been so adjusted that they are practically uniform, it may be expected that increased business will develop between western states and western Canada. Previous to last Feb- ruary there were many American-bred Shorthorns not eligible for registration in the Canadian book, but at their last annual meeting the Dominion Associa- tion decided to accept American pedi- grees at their face value, making use also of the American numbers. This agreement was reciprocal, of course, and now works both ways, thus doing away with the recording of ancestors in either book. This action is particu- larly favorable to American breeders, for Canadian cattle were always eligi- ble in the American records.

The stability of the trade in Short- horns in Canada has not been due alone to the demand and expansion of our own breeders. Activity in the United States has had a stimulating effect as well. It has long been customary for American breeders to come here in aquest of some of our most desirable and best bred cattle. Canadian cattle have done well in your country and are popu- lar on this account. Whether this is because of our more northerly climate or due to the different systems of feed- ing is hard to determine; but the fact remains, and so long as the line of demarkation between the two countries is as imaginary as it is now, I trust will continue so. Maybe there is some characteristic in the breed that makes them at home wherever they find them- selves. A friend of mine from the city, here at the farm the other day, in con- versation with a Scotchman who has made this country his home for a num- ber of years, asked if these cattle imported from Scotland would do well

_in this country. The Scotchman replied,

“Aye man, if they do in Scotland, they should surely thrive here.’

Photo by Hildebrand

The Shorthorn in America

Courtesy Weaver & Garden, Wapello, Iowa,

Breeding Cows at Uppermill Farm

Stick to Your Type

An army of soliders firing at random accomplishes no less than an army of breeders who have no particular aim in their breeding operations beyond the natural increase in numbers. So often has this theme been harped upon that it seems now to be a senseless waste of time for the “harper” to take it up again. However, it is such a woeful waste of time and energy for the begin- ner to depend, for his education solely upon the school of experience wherein he is his own preceptor. “Experience is a dear teacher but fools will learn at no other.” Much truth in that, but then the great big majority of Shorthorn breeders are not fools and if the impor- tance of working toward a distinctive type in their breeding operations were impressed upon them most of them will profit by the experience of others and save themselves much time, expense and disappointment.

The first essential. for a beginner is to find out what is the proper type. That knowledge can best be acquired by vis- iting the best cattle shows and sales and see what type of cattle find most favor in the eyes of competent judges, and the kind that bring the most dollars from successful breeders. Having firmly fixed in mind the type you wish to breed, se- lect foundation stock as near your ideal as you can find. Stick to your type. It is the easiest thing in the world to be led astray by running onto a “bargain” in a breeding matron though she doesn’t measure up to your standard. Leave her alone. That’s very likely the rea- son she is a “bargain.”

Having determined upon your type and with prospective purchases in mind it is advisable to look into the ancestry. All traits and characteristics are more or less hereditary and while imperfec- tions may be absent in the first gen- eration it is not at all unlikely that they will crop out in the second or third. Next to the importance of individual merit in your foundation stock it is es-

sential that they come from a typical ancestry.

Some years ago a Shorthorn man who had gained considerable prominence as a breeder found it necessary to change herd bulls. He selected a splendid in- dividual, a beautiful roan, hard to fault in any particular. His first crop of calves, however, were disappointing. A large proportion of them had black noses and their coats were full of black hair. While these imperfections may seem tri- vial from the beef makers’ standpoint it can not be denied that it made them undesirable members of a breeding herd. Unfortunately this breeder investigated his herd bull’s antecedents after rather than before his purchase and found that the owner of his grandsire had beefed him as well as his black nose progeny for that fault. Such things as black hairs, black noses and unsightly horns may appear trivial to some because they have nothing to do with conformation but an animal with those imperfections is unsightly and undesirable as a repro- ducer because it is unsightly.

It is scarcely within my province, or of any other breeder, to choose for you a type. My ideas might be at variance with yours and since your judgment may be the better, it would be wrong for any breeder to warp it with the insistence that his ideals are the only correct ones. However, the beginner can not go far wrong by acting upon the advice of a successful breeder to solve the perplex- ing questions that continually confront him,

Whatever measure of success I have attained as a breeder and exhibitor, I believe to be due to the fact that I have always endeavored to breed to a type and though I may have won my share of prizes I am by no means satis- fied, not because I have not won more but because I have not yet produced my ideal Shorthorn and possibly never will. But, I shall keep on trying.

If I were asked to give the specifica- tion of my ideal Shorthorn it would be a

Photo by Hildebrand

By W. C. JRosenberger

Tiffin, Ohio

task beyond me. I could enumerate the most essential points, but there is some- thing else, which, while it has nothing to do with type, if by type you mean general conformation, but it is some- thing very much to be desired in a breeding animal. Anyway if that some- thing is lacking, the animal doesn’t suit you. What is it? Perhaps we may call it character, which taken literally, means a total of good qualities but with the breeding fraternity has a much broader meaning. If there is anything about a cow we don’t like but can’t describe we can say she lacks character, and assume the other fellow knows what we mean. So, we’ll call it character and insist that our breeding animals possess it along with type.

What we are striving for in the beef type, of course, is an animal upon whose frame we can grow the greatest amount of beef in the shortest possible time and don’t forget that time is not the least in importance.

Having selected foundation stock that approximates your type ideal, and as- suming that you have chosen wisely, as surely as “like begets like” the progeny will be of the same calibre. But your work has just begun. So far you have only exercised judgment in calf pro- duction, henceforth it means physical exercise as well to give them the care and attention necessary to properly rear them. Neglect during calfhood has ruined many a show prospect. Care and feed are as essential to the proper de- velopment of a breeding animal as to one destined for the show ring.

Nearly every beginner resolves that he will give his herd just a little better care than other breeders but as the herd increases resolutions are broken. As a matter of fact care should increase in greater ratio than the calf herd because you have more at stake. I will conclude with this suggestion: Choose the right type, resolve to take good care of your herd, then see that you stick to both type and resolutions. :

July 1, 1918

oe |

Shorthorms in the Southland

My work as field representative for the American Shorthorn Breeders’ Asso- ciation for the past seven months has taken me over a large portion of the Gulf states—Texas, Louisiana, Missis- sippi and Alabama, as well as Tennes- see, Kentucky, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kansas and Missouri, and everywhere in this section of the country I found the interest in Shorthorns most keen and growing day by day. To the stu- dent of Shorthorn history this condi- tion, in at least two of the states men- tioned, is not surprising, for the reason that Kentucky, with its Sanders, Ren- icks, Alexanders, Hamiltons, Bedfords and others, may rightfully be called the cradle of Shorthorns in America; while Missouri today may boast of the oldest collection of the breed in the entire world—a herd founded and carried on by one family on a single estate for more than three-quarters of a century. But of the other states a different story may be told. Why should the interest in Shorthorns be gaining in the great grazing state of Texas? ‘The public for years has been taught, by its cham- pions, that the Hereford, on account of its great rustling ability, was the one and only breed for the range country, but “giving the devil his dues,’ the hard-fisted cow man whose bank ac- count was at stake, has discovered that “rustling” does not tend to put on fat nor keep up scale. Neither does it cause extended udders, the one main factor for the proper development of the calf, to start him on his way toward a profitable baby beef or a_grass-fed steer.

For these reasons I found that many of the largest outfits are introducing Shorthorn blood into their herds. I have it from the manager of one of the largest and best known ranches in the Panhandle, that they are _ injecting yearly from 10 to 30 percent of Short- horn blood in order to keep up the scale, improve the loin and _ hind-quarter development, and increase the flow of milk.

It is a truthful saying that ‘all is not gold that glitters,” and as truly may it be said, “all are not Herefords that have white faces.” In this connection I would state that one of the most widely known ranches in Texas, an outfit that produced and sold to a cornbelt feeder a load of white faces that made remark- able gains, the results of which were heralded through the columns of the press, has for years used a large per- centage of Shorthorn bulls and their herd in the beginning was founded upon Shorthorn blood.

The superintendent of one of the larg- est ranches in Texas recently gave to me his opinion, derived from a quarter of a century of experience with all the beef breeds on the range, that with tick eradication, which is gaining rapidly, and with the range being divided into

By IRank C. Forbes

Henry, Ill.

ranches of smaller acreage, Texas would produce fewer cattle but more pounds of beef, and it was to be only a few years until the Shorthorn would reign supreme. Truly this is a broad state- ment, but when it is considered in con- junction with the fact that there are today more pure-bred Shorthorns in America than there are pure-bred cattle of all other beef breeds combined, it is not far-fetched.

Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama now contain several most excellent pure-bred Shorthorn herds, and the de-

and it is here that the future genera- tions may seek and find the best the breed affords.

In the Gulf states one may hear a cry from far off Central America, an appeal for better cattle, relayed to us by her representatives engaged in the shipping of fruit and other products. Recently I had the pleasure of calling upon the president of one of the largest shipping companies operating between New Or- leans and Nicaragua, and who has extensive holdings of banana groves at the latter point. This gentleman in- formed me that they were transforming many of their groves into grazing land, and after careful investigation by trying

Courtesy Park E. Salter, Augusta, Kan.

er Sn eee ee : 4

Photo by Hildebrand

Imp. British Emblem

mand for more foundation stock is fast increasing, as is also the demand for Shorthorn bulls for grading up the native stock in order to “grow two or more pounds of beef where but one pound grew before.’ Here, as else- where, Shorthorns are in favor because of their unsurpassed improving proclivi- ties and their ability to adapt them- selves to any and all conditions. In the marshy stretches where vegetation grows profusely, on the grasses of the cut-over lands, or on the sandy land where herbage is scant but where the “corn of the south’—the velvet bean— makes its maximum yield, they are equally as much at home. But in the great lime lands of the famous Black Belt, the Argentina of North America, starting in central Mississippi and extending eastward . across Alabama teeming with its luxuriant growth of alfalfa and many other most nutritious grasses, the Shorthorn finds its Eden,

the different breeds, had decided to stock the land with Shorthorns. Lack of boats is all that stands in the way of a substantial movement of pure-bred Shorthorns to that country at the pres- ent time.

Arkansas, made famous by the pen of Twain and Kendall for its slow trains and razor back hogs, has shaken these shackles from its feet, is eradicating the tick so rapidly that they expect to be free by the end of this year, and are going into the breeding of better cattle as fast as they can be had. There are several good herds in the state now and many more in the making. The feat accomplished by the Carlsons with their steer Teddy, has had its effect. So much so that the senior Carlson pur- chased the grand champion bull at thé recent Central Association show and sale at Kansas City. The fact that this steer was produced by mating a scrub Jersey cow with a pure-bred Shorthorn

Courtesy O. W. Naumann, Craig, Mo.

Imp. Brandsby’s Officer at 14 Months

bull, and made to weigh 950 pounds at eleven months of age by a boy just in his teens, selling at public sale for $200, besides winning a $50 prize and a purse of $31.50, donated to the young feeder by the Southwestern Livestock Associa- tion, has caused many Arkansawyers to take a hitch in their galluses and try for a few miracles with their own piney woods cows and a pure-bred Shorthorn bull for the necessary articles and a feed bucket for the wand.

The jacks and jennets of Sunny Ten- nessee are now compelled to share hon- ors with the Shorthorn. Many of the prizewinners of the season now passed were bred and fed in Tennessee. Speci- mens of the breed from within her boun- daries are fetching prices at vendue of $1,000 to $5,000 with too much regularity to longer be a rarity, and some of the good herds of the north are now headed by Tennessee bulls.

Where is there a person versed in Shorthorn lore, whose blood does not flow a little faster on hearing the name Kentucky? The state which at one time possessed more high-class Shorthorns than any other:in the Union; the state whose breeders carried on for years the greatest constructive work. known to America before or since, but who finally

became pedigree mad and started the backsliding that was not to cease until the great blue grass state had fallen far down the line of the Shorthorn ranks, Kentucky is coming back, however, and as I sat in the sale ring at Lexington recently, only a few moments’ ride from the site of some of the most famous herds of the past, I seemed to almost feel the presence of those great men, to realize their approval when some of the best lots fell to the bid of a Kentuckian, and to hear their warning not to follow in their footsteps, but to be guided by merit and not be misled by records of ancient lineage. By their mistakes the present generation may profit. They did their best and passed on, the world being better for their having lived, and the herds now in the making in Ken- tucky will no doubt raise it to its former position as a leader in the Shorthorn world.

Missouri, always a Shorthorn center, has spread the gospel of the breed until it has reached its southmost border in the Ozarks, and here a lively interest is manifest. A recent Shorthorn sale at Springfield was attended by the largest gathering I have ever seen on a similar occasion. The entire offering was taken readily by local bidders and good prices

The Shorthorn in America

prevailed. At Neosho this winter was held as successful a sale as I ever attended. The entire offering, with the exception of a very few, went to local buyers at very substantial prices. The Ozark farmers need more cattle and are willing and anxious to buy them.

Kansas possesses not only some of the best herds of Shorthorns in America, but owing to the excellent grass that covers all of the state that I have trav- ersed this spring, it contains more graz- ing cattle than I have ever seen there before, and I believe more than I have seen in any state excepting Texas.

Oklahoma, which has climbed in a few years from an Indian reservation to the seventh Shorthorn state in the Union, is deserving of much praise. Few states can boast of more Shorthorns and none can show better ones than Oklahoma. There is lively interest throughout the state and many cattle are being shipped in from the north and find a ready mar- ket. Oklahoma is geographically situ- ated properly to handle much of the southern and western trade, and in the near future Oklahoma breeders are sure to reap a harvest both from the south and the west, where is manifest an unusual interest in the breed.

In conclusion I would say that over the entire south and southwest the desire for more and better cattle stock is paramount in the minds of the farmer folk as well as those engaged in various other pursuits but who are taking an active part in things agricultural. This section is ready and anxious to take almost unlimited numbers of good cat- tle, both for founding pure-bred herds and for improving the native stock by the use of pure-bred bulls. The out- look for Shorthorns never was better. Let us deal with the demand as it deserves.

Signifficamt Beef Prices

M. J. Ryan & Sons sold a load of 17 Shorthorn steers weighing 1,442 lbs. at $17.40 at Omaha, May 16.

Frank H. Smith marketed a carload of two-year-old Shorthorn steers at Omaha June 3, for $17.35. Mr. Smith topped the same market a year ago in May at $13.00.

J. W. McAllister, Morgan Co., IU., sold a Shorthorn cow and calf on the East St. Louis market early in June for $331.20. The cow weighed 1,560 lbs. and sold for $15.40, the calf 750 Ibs. and sold at $14.00.

C. D. Smith, Dudley, Ill., marketed 19 Shorthorn steers at Chicago, June 20, weighing 1,327 lbs. for $17.80, the top of the market.

Send In Your Card

Your card should appear in the Breed- ers’ Directory. We issue 40,000 copies of this magazine. The cost for these cards is $10 per year, and to save book- keeping payment is requested in ad- vance,

July 1, 1918

A, iXesistered Shorthorm Cow Om Every Farua

Hight years ago in a public sale of Shorthorns an Ohio breeder competed with a Michigan breeder for a heifer of the Campbell Mina ttribe. The final bid, $300, was made by the Michi- gan man and he became the possessor of this heifer.

A few weeks ago the Ohio breeder visited the farm of the Michigan breeder and purchased this Mina female and eleven of her descendants, paying for them $9,600, an average of $800 per head, Three females’ descendants had already been disposed of at similar prices, and all of the male descendants had been sold from year to year. Ata conservative estimate of the _ prices obtained for those that had been pre- viously sold, the total amount earned by this cow, purchased as a heifer eight years ago, would approximate $16,000— this on an investment of $300. In other words, through this modest investment the Michigan breeder received an income of $2,000 per year for eight years.

This is not an there are many returns from the

isolated case; in fact instances where the purchase of a worthy female have far exceeded this, but it serves to center interest on the possi- bilities for such an investment.

Let us suppose that every farmer in a community, in a county or in a state, the amount of territory isn’t so much under consideration as the _ practice, purchased a registered Shorthorn cow or heifer and then kept her and her female produce for a period of years, selling only the bull calves. They could continue on with their former practices so far as the farming methods are con- cerned. They needn’t regard the invest- ment in this full-blood cow as a violent departure from their established plans. They could continue to think of them- selves as farmers, if they preferred to do so.

Then some day they would find them- selves in possession of a dozen or two dozen or perhaps three dozen pure-bred Shorthorns that had cost them only the amount of their keep. They would find that they had graduated easily and naturally from grade cattlemen to breeders of pure-breds. They would have had ample opportunity to observe the larger profits from the pure-bred eattle. They would not have risked anything in their investment, because all they would have tied up would be the purchase price of the first cow, it being assumed that they would have reg- istered bulls for use on their grade herds.

The principal reason why farmers do not more generally invest in pure-bred stock, I am inclined to believe, is that they have a sort of ingrown notion that the raising of pure-breds is a business distinct from ordinary farm activities; that it involves a radical change in farming methods; that it is a business for some one else, not for them; that it necessitates a reputation long estab- lished for the grower of pure-bred cat- tle to find a market, etc. It is this

By Frank D. Tomson

erroneous and more or less general impression which exists that prevents many men who should be growing pure- bred Shorthorns from making their initial investment.

I have seen men—hundreds of men— attending public Shorthorn sales, who took a lively interest in the progress of the sale, who cheered when the prices went high, who studiously noted to whom the cattle were sold and in what sections, who seemed keenly alive to the progress of the action, but who never once assumed that they might become a part of this interesting move- ment. They seemed always to regard it as appropriate for some one else, but not for themselves. It wasn’t due to prejudice or to lack of confidence on

their part. They simply didn’t take themselves into consideration. How easy it would have been for them to

have purchased a cow and to have allowed her produce to accumulate.

over a lot of indifferent mongrel-bred livestock? You have to have something that appeals to his better intelligence, something that has life, something that excites his imagination. -Do you know that every boy is more or less of a dreamer? Do not understand me to suggest that every boy is cut out for breeding pure-bred livestock, but I do assert that every boy, whether he has it in him to become a livestock improver or not, will take much more interest if he has to do with livestock of a high class than with that of inferior stand- ards. This is one feature, and an impor- tant one, that enters into this question of a pure-bred cow on every farm. Another feature is the larger cash profits that are going to result. Nearly every man either has a mortgage or is agreeable to assuming one in order to buy another farm near him. This plan of accumulating a little herd of regis- tered Shorthorns will take care of this mortgage easier than any other plan that can be proposed. Many and many a breeder has paid off his mortgage in

Courtesy H. C. Lookabaugh, Watonga, Okla.

A Group of Oklahoma Heifers

Now as a means of getting this move- ment started, I suggest that every breeder of Shorthorns make it a point to induce as many of his neighbors as he thinks would be useful to the cause to invest in one cow. In some cases it will be advisable for him to buy a moderately high-priced cow. In others the lower priced animal will serve the purpose better. But in any event induce them to buy a female, to plant one seed and then forget that they have any money invested in it except to give them reasonable care. If this plan is put into practice, I can foresee that a lot of people will become useful Short- horn breeders. They will acquire enthusiasm that invariably comes with the growing of cattle of this class, and I predict that it will get many a boy interested who would otherwise look upon farming as a good deal of a drag.

Did you ever stop to think that there isn’t any hope of creating real enthusi- asm on the part of a farm boy in raising hay and corn and wheat and potatoes to sell on the market? Did you ever know of a boy who became enthusiastic

Photo by Hildebrand

this way, acquired more land and paid for it and then more and paid for it.

Merely because a man is breeding registered cattle doesn’t necessitate his becoming an exhibitor at the fairs. It doesn’t obligate him to spend a consid- erable amount of money advertising, though advantages will result,from each venture. People seem to have a way of finding out where ‘the good Short- horns are, and I have never yet found a man who had good Shorthorns who didn’t find it easy to sell.them at profit- able prices. There is nothing compli- cated about it. It is just as simple as any other feature of farming, and it enlists a co-operative support on the part of others engaged in the business that does not exist in any other phase of farm business.

I believe in the slogan, “A Pure-bred Cow on Every Farm.” It will have the effect of raising the standard every- where, because her owner will quickly observe that it is profitable to raise it.

Another thing and an important one— it will encourage her owner to use a better bull.

lProspective Territory

I have been requested to write you relative to the cattle industry on the Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua, where we are located.

The cattle situation in the United States, where the number of head of cattle are apparently decreasing, and the population is increasing, makes it

Courtesy Jackson & White, Hurley, S. D.

in part, to careless handling and chiefly to inbreeding for generations. Being the owners then of some four hundred head of these native Nicaraguan cattle, the Company decided that it would pur- chase Shorthorn cattle, crossing the American grade bulls with the native Nicaraguan cows. We have confined

ae. “ a q ‘ q nee. aad

Great Oaks from Little Acorns Grow. The $16,500 Village Supreme as a Calf

very clear that some one must reach out into other lands for the production of the beef necessary to feed our growing numbers.

For this purpose no situation is com- parable to the Central American coun- tries. Speaking merely for the Hast Coast of Nicaragua it has a vast advan- tage over the Argentine in that it is only five days distant from Gulf Ports of the United States. The absence of winter permits open pasturing the whole year. The tropical climate and the heavy rain- fall produce pasture grasses far more luxuriant than those in the United States, and there are at present no dan- gerous diseases prevalent, making it only necessary to take proper precau- tions to see that they are not intro- duced. Last but not least is the cheap cost of land, which is a very important factor.

This Company was formed on July 12, 1912, and found itself then the owner of some sixty thousand acres of land, some thousands of which were planted to bananas. <A disease peculiar to bananas was killing out many of its farms, and it was confronted with the problem of what to do with this land. Its officers firmly believed in the future of Central America for cattle, and decided to util- ize such waste lands for cattle.

At that time such cattle as the Hast Coast possessed were small in size due,

ourselves to Shorthorn bulls of solid red color, as the general opinion is that insects annoy the white cattle much more than the red.

We have rapidly increased our herd, butchering from time to time all avail- able steers, until now we have some 2,000 head. We have found that with the first cross the net weight of meat per steer has increased about 100 pounds, steers of this cross making 400 pounds to 550 pounds of meat. We are now making the second cross, this being done also with grade Shorthorn bulls. On January 12 we bought a pedigreed Shorthorn bull at the sale at Baton Rouge, and if the results from him are satisfactory is is our intention to con- tinue to purchase pedigreed stock, that we may increase the more rapidly the weight of our animals.

When the President issued his procla- mation calling on all citizens to aid in the conservation of all food resources, this Company at once set to work milk- ing cows and making butter and cheese, which had never been done before there except on a very small scale. As here- tofore, all butter, cheese, etc., had been imported from the States, we conceived that we would be aiding the Government by producing these things in Nicaragua, thus requiring that much less exports from home; and besides we believed

The Shorthorn in America

By S. i. aker Of the Bluefields Fruit and Steamship Co., New Orleans, La.

that results would be satisfactory in a business way.

Rather to our surprise, we found that the milk yields one quart of cream to the gallon, and cream about a pound of butter to the quart. After three months of trial we are marketing about 700 pounds of butter per month, which we are disposing of to an agent at 50 cents U.S. C. per pound, and finding ourselves unable to fill a quarter of the demand. As fast as our cows become fresh, we are training them to be milked, and we expect gradually to work our output up to 1,500 pounds per month within the present year.

We also make about a ton per month of the native cheese, which wholesales at 25 cents per pound, and runs about a pound to the gallon of milk.

We are working now on planting out grass to the extent of 2,000 acres, as we desire as early as possible to be in a position to import our beef into the States, installing refrigeration in a sec- tion of our banana steamers in order that we may deliver it in the cheapest way.

There are practically no natural pas- tures in Nicaragua, the country on the Atlantic Coast, at least, being covered for the most part by a dense jungle. It is necessary to cut down all but the largest trees, which are left for shade, and plant grass. Several species of native grass will spring up if the jungle is opened up, but experience has taught us that planting para or guinea grass will about treble the output of grass.

At present we are giving $9 per acre to cut down the jungle, and plant the grass four feet square, with $1 per acre given as a premium for satisfactory work. We also place the grass at the edge of the work to be done.

The para is a running grass, and grows about five feet high when it droops over, and when tramped down by cattle it catches root again in addi- tion to the propagation by seed. Guinea grass is a bunch grass of great luxu- riance. The former is best adapted to low ground, and the latter to hillsides. After planting it requires about five months before pasture is available for use.

In the Bluefields district, in addition to ourselves Henry F. Springer and Leon Frank are in the cattle business. In addition to these Americans there are many of the Nicaraguans with small numbers of cattle on their banana farms.

Confident in the future, and anxious to hasten the day when the number of cattle will permit of exports, our Com- pany would welcome any addition to the ranks of cattle growers on the Coast, and would willingly render such aid in advice, etc., as may be in its power, except that we are not willing to sell our lands, preferring to hold them for future use.

July 1, 1918

From Far-Off Rhodesia, South Africa

Dear Sir,—Being a constant reader of THE SHORTHORN IN AMERICA, I would like to give you an idea of the progress of the Shorthorn in this coun- try. Of course, one must bear in mind that this country is barely out of its infancy, and pure-bred_ stock-raising has only just commenced. Many people out here have given Shorthorns a trial,

) and before enough time has passed to allow them to prove their worth, have changed to other breeds. The reasons, in most instances, are these: they have bought their cattle before making any provisions as regards to barn accommo- dation and feeds. As other countries, in fact all countries, have to make pro- visions for housing and feeding pure- bred stock, the sooner stock owners in this country realize the same the quicker better stock will be raised. Rhodesia cannot expect to stand out by herself and expect blooded stock to thrive like the ordinary native cattle do with very little and in many instances no feeding other than what they pick up on the veldt. Having recently returned to this coun- try, after an absence of three years in the States, I am pleased to see that

The Madison County Association

The Madison County (Ohio) Short- horn Breeders’ Association may not have been the first organization of its Kind, but it is unquestionably one of the largest county associations extant.

In my business as auctioneer, crying farm sales in various parts of the coun- try, the fact impressed me that a steer or cow showing a preponderance of Shorthorn blood sold considerably above the average for nondescript stock, and what was also of importance to me, were much easier to dispose of. We had a number of men in the county rais- ing pure-breds, but it was apparent that something was needed to stir them up. Accordingly in April, 1916, I started agitating the question of a county organization and met with encourage- ment from the start.

Madison county, I believe, justly claims the distinction of being a pio- neer in the Shorthorn industry. In 1853 the Ohio Importing Company brought over the first consignment and held their first sale on the first Tues- day of November in that year. From that the business gained an impetus, and for a time Shorthorn breeding held a prominent place in the country’s agricultural affairs. A lapse of interest at a later period, however, is recorded. Whether or not this was due to a depre- ciation of values, the fact remains that hundreds of pure-bred cattle were raised annually and wended their way to the shambles without being recorded. This condition obtained largely until shortly before the county organization was per- fected, on August 10, 1916, at which time Madison county’s Shorthorn popu- lation totaled 1,553 head.

In the past two years the association

By lal. IE. Browme

Belingwe, S. Rhodesia,

these conditions have altered consid- erably, and in many cases owners of pure-bred cattle have made ample pro- visions before buying their stock.

Now for a few lines on the Shorthorn: In 1912, at the Midlands Agricultural Association Show out here, I took nearly all the ribbons with beef and dairy Shorthorns, both imported and Rhode- Sian bred stock—the Bulawayo Agri- cultural Association has a 1,000 guinea ($5,250) Challenge Cup for the best bull in Rhodesia. This cup is to be com- peted for annually, and on its first year, 1914, was won by a Rhodesian bred Hereford “ Devonby Dreadnought. ” Since then, 1915, 1916, 1917, a Shorthorn bull (beef) has won it. This bull, “Lomond,” was raised in the Free State (South Africa) by Anderson Bros., well- known Shorthorn breeders. The sire was a bull named “Birdsall Cicero,” dam, “Richmond Lass.” The reserve champion at the show, 1917, was also a

has grown from a membership of 75 to 103 and to over 2,000 head of cattle. In that time quite a number were sold at private sale and over 500 at public auc- tion, and the majority went beyond the confines of Madison county.

Not only have the cattle increased in number, but the friendly rivalry engen- dered as a result of organization has worked a great improvement in quality.

In the spring of 1916 there wasn’t an imported Shorthorn to be found in the

Courtesy Owen Kane, Wisner, Neb.

Shorthorn, “Prince Worcester,’ sire “Adbolton Prince,’ dam ‘Barrington 84th.” This bull represents very aristo- cratic dairy lines, with one cross of Cruickshank blood on top of his pedi- gree.

Having fitted cattle — Shorthorns, Aberdeen-Angus, Galloways, Devons and cross breds in England, Shorthorns in America and Shorthorns and Here- fords in this country—for show pur- poses, I will admit that one has to take their hats off to the Shorthorn every time. Before closing, I would like to mention that at the Johannesburg Fat Stock Show last September, the South African Farms Ltd., exhibited 100 cross bred steers — Shorthorn-Africanders — which sold at £21:17:6 each, roughly, $109.37 each, veldt fed. Admitting these prices are nothing near a record price, it goes to show that the Shorthorn stamps his progeny well on grade stock, and in the near future I can truthfully say that Rhodesia and South Africa are going to hold their own in the livestock markets.

I wish the reds, whites and roans all the luck and prosperity they deserve.

By J. J. Yeriam

London, Ohio.

county, while at this time there are at least twenty-five, and a number of the herds are headed by imported bulls of the approved type and blood lines. After two years’ experience, I can safely say that our organization has been of some benefit to the breed and vastly so to its members. It enables us

to hold public sales, thereby furnishing an outlet for the smaller breeders who might otherwise find it difficult to cash their assets at their real value.

Photo by Risk

Queen of Beauty goth, by Village Supreme, Sold by Bellows Bros. for $3,900, a Record Price for a Female of That Age

bo bo

THE SHORTHORN IN AMERICA

quarterly by the American Shorthorn Breeders’ Association, 13 Dexter Park Avenue, Chieago, Ill., in the interest of Shorthorn cattle and Shorthorn breeders in America.

FRANK#SDS-LOMSON? Eaieon

NUMBER 2

Published

VOLUME IiIl

AUB il, Ges

TAKE THE BOY ALONG

When you go to the fair take the boy along. When you look over the Short- horn exhibits and review the various classes, talk with the boy a little and get his opinion as to the comparative merit of a few of the entries. You may learn something and—perhaps the boy will, too.

“RUSTLING” QUALITIES

A good deal has been said and writ- ten, one time or another, about the “rustling”? qualities of cattle; that they are able to survive on scant pasture; that they come through a feed shortage in winter; that they have great powers of endurance. But it occurs to anyone who is successful in cattle growing that cattle are not raised for this purpose. They are produced to make the largest return on the feed consumed. They are a medium through which to sell pas- ture, grains and forage at high prices. The best development of the animal within a given time is, in ninety-nine cases out of one hundred, the most prof- itable plan.

Breeding and growing an endurance contest.

cattle is not

INHERENT ADVANTAGE

Scientists are forecasting a period when grains will not be extensively used in finishing beef cattle. They pre- dict that the human requirements of corn and other fattening grains will increase to such an extent that the supply will not be sufficient for cattle finishing purposes, and that the prices will be so high as in themselves to be prohibitive. Already there has been some discussion of this probability among practical cattlemen.

Perhaps the day is not far distant when roughage will play a much larger part in the making of market cattle. Shorthorn breeders will welcome the day, for when it comes the advantage of the Shorthorn will be even greater than at present. Natural fleshing qual- ity and a tendency to greater scale will be indispensable factors in market values.

THERE IS SOME FOR YOU

Perhaps it has not occurred to you that a part of the $200,000 which will be distributed as prizes for Shorthorns at the various fairs and shows throughout the country is intended for you. Really that’s what the money is offered for—to encourage you to fit one or more of your

Shorthorns and enter in one or more of these contests.

You may win enough cash to warrant the effort; you may add enough to the value of the animal to make a profit on the time and expense involved. You may obtain enough prestige to make the effort fully worth while. Business devel- ops from these shows. You may find there the buyer you are looking for.

You say it costs more to fit and exhibit an animal now. Do you recall a time in your experience when it was as profitable to do so?

MAKING HERDSMEN

The unusual condition caused by the number of young men going to war has placed the responsibility of feeding and herd management in many cases in inexperienced hands, and as a result many capable and expert fitters will be developed. It will require a little time and a little careful study, but the expertness will come.

Nobody has a corner on expertness. There have been many illustrations of the untried farm boy bringing out ani- mals well conditioned and in attractive bloom. There will be many more of these illustrations in the near future. There are many opportunities for the boy who has a little capacity along this line. The improved stock industry is constantly in need of more fitters who are capable. There is an attractive field awaiting.

BREEDERS WHO SUCCEED

In various lines of business activity the large operator seems to have the advantage. He finds himself in posi- tion, as a rule, to operate at a minimum expense. Through his organization he is able to command advantages that the smaller operator may fail to obtain. So long has this condition existed and so generally has it applied, that we have formed the habit of assuming that in all lines the large operator, the strong man financially, the man with the big organization is in command of the prin- cipal advantages, but happily in the matter of livestock improvement this advantage seems to rest with the small breeder, the man who relies upon his herd to make his livelihood.

As one reads of the breeders who have attained high rank in the produc- tion of Shorthorns of outstanding merit, he is impressed with the fact that most of these men maintained comparatively small herds. Their success seems to have been attained through their ability to combine blood lines and select indi- viduals that insured improvement. A study of the present-day herds and those in existence the past decade or two bears out this. observation con- cerning the herds of earlier periods. It is not the big herd, as a rule, that pro- duces in the same proportion the better specimens of the breed.

It should be understood that there have been many high-class cattle bred and developed in our larger herds, but

The Shorthorn in America

as a rule, and one that may be gener- ally applied to all breeding districts and to all periods, it is the smaller herds in the hands of breeders of quite limited financial means that have been chiefly responsible for the breed’s improvement. This is forcibly illustrated by the dis- tribution of prizes in the leading shows during the past twenty years, and more emphatically so in the shows of the more recent past. Inducements to be- ginners to compete in the numerous shows are much greater than formerly and their entrance into these contests has been marked by a degree of success on their part that has caused the public to view the matter from a different angle. It used to be very common to hear such expressions as these: “No- body but a rich man can afford to fool with thoroughbred _ stock.” “Néarly every fellow that gets into the game goes broke.” “You have to have a reputation to get anywhere in the show business.” “This pure-bred business is just a fancy, that’s all.” And so we might go on enumerating these expres- sions that came from disinterested par- ties who lacked the energy and fairness to investigate the facts and the enter- prise to engage in the business.

But all that has passed now and infinitely larger numbers are studying the question of livestock improvement with a view to engaging in it as a busi- ness than has ever been Known in the history of the world. It is everywhere recognized now as a practical business, a safe investment and one that offers attractive prospects to any man who will apply himself to a study of its problems regardless of whether he has a considerable supply of cash or not. Probably no business exists that offers as inviting a field to the man of modest means as does that of livestock improve- ment, and we believe we are entirely justified in asserting that the Shorthorn field is the most inviting of all. We urge every One who is interested to make a little study of the growth of the Shorthorn industry. It is surprising to find how many names appear in the roll of successful breeders whose operations are confined to a small acreage and a few breeding cows. It may not be advisable here to mention names, but we could off-hand give the names of many men who began without money, com- paratively speaking, without a knowl- edge of the business, in fact with noth- ing but a confidence that it was a good business, and have bred many outstand- ing Shorthorns and have made large profits in their operations.

Occasionally some wise man, through the press or on the platform, lays great stress on the assertion that it is useless for anyone to hope for success in the breeding of improved livestock if he does not have an inborn love for livestock. This is misleading. We know of many men who have engaged in livestock breeding purely from a business stand- point, who loved their animals scarcely more than they loved their land and

July 1, 1918

even less than they prized the dollars they possessed. Yet these men, through discernment and the application of good judgment, bred high-class animals and contributed not a little to the improve- ment of the breed with which they were identified. They had brains—pbusiness brains—yet they could not be said to have possessed an inborn love for their animals.

We observe this, that scarcely any- one engages for a considerable length of time in livestock improvement who does not form an attachment for his breeding animals—an attachment that grows with the passing of time. But the average man cannot be expected to engage in livestock breeding purely because he ioves his animals. We have to do business today and each year the number who rely upon their breeding herds for their livelihood, for the lifting of the mortgage, for the improvement of their farms and the extending of their acres, increases at a tremendous rate. The encouraging feature of it all is that the business is profitable and that these profits are equitably distributed, that the man of small means is rather more likely to make good than the man who has large resources at hand.

Judging from the steady expansion and the discrimination with which buy- ers invest their money, the opportunities for the modest beginner will become more attractive—more promising in the future.

WHEN YOU BUY SHORTHORNS

It takes money to buy Shorthorns— money or credit. When the activity of Shorthorn trade is considered, the re- markable fact is that practically all of the transactions are on a cash basis, and therein lies the evidence of the stability of Shorthorn trade. Occasion- ally a purchaser offers his note in pay- ment of purchases made privately or at public sales. In such cases it is due the seller that the purchaser voluntarily offers evidence that his credit is good.

When such paper is given it is impor- tant that the giver of the note, the pur- chaser of the cattle, should see to it that that note is promptly paid when due, or an arrangement made a suffi- cient time before it is due for its con- tinuance. This is business courtesy. It is more than that: it is a business pro- cedure that is necessary in order to maintain credit.

With the man of enterprise and energy, credit is worth more than money. It is always better to have a good name for meeting obligations and a limited amount of money than to have a con- siderable volume of money and have a poor name for meeting obligations.

Once in a great while an animal is offered for sale concerning which there is some doubt about its breeding ability. In such cases the purchaser, for tactful reasons, may prefer to settle by note rather than by cash. He feels that in such cases he can probably effect an adjustment much more readily if the

seller holds his note rather than his cash. However, this depends more on the men who are parties in the trans- action than it does on the transaction itself.

There are many young men who are desirous of embarking in the breeding of Shorthorns who lack the means to do so. It would appear that young men so situated would find it to their advan- tage to go to their local bank or to some party sufficiently strong financially and inclined to loan money, and establish an amount of credit in harmony with his ability and prospects. Then when, his purchases are made he can draw on his credit for the amount of cash necessary. As a rule, the interest rates available under such an arrangement are lower than those offered by the parties offer- ing livestock for sale. In this way the purchaser may have the benefit of coun- sel from the sources from which the money is obtained, and such counsel as a rule will incline to conservatism rather than to radicalism. It will enable the borrower, in most instances at least, to develop a definite plan on which he may proceed.

It is scarcely to be expected that a breeder should extend any considerable line of credit. He is not a banker. His plans involve the use of the money he is able to take out of the business, and while it is good policy to offer terms to purchasers from time to time as a con- venience or encouragement, it may in- volve some inconvenience on his part to provide it. It is to the credit of the cattle breeding fraternity that the losses from credit so extended are rare indeed, but even so, as a general proposition it is better that the individual arrange for a credit with some financial concern for the several reasons advanced above.

There is a growing inclination on the part of banking people to favor extend- ing credit to livestock producers. Time was when such credit was almost wholly confined to market cattle, but time has had its informing effect and the evi- dence of prosperity among livestock breeders has caused many bankers to study their resources and to quickly recognize the advantages of extending credit to them where necessary. There is no safer line of credit. There is no more prosperous class as a rule. The element of uncertainty is largely elimi- nated and today the credit of the live- stock improver has a higher standing with the bankers than at any time in its history.

THE LURE OF HIGH PRICES

With each recurring period of in- creased activity in improved livestock trade, there develops a tendency on the part of a few in one breed or another to force the prices skyward, to outdo each other and outdo the other breeds. It is to the credit of those who are recognized forces in Shorthorn trade that they have not only refrained from attempting to stimulate higher prices, but have inclined to encourage stabil-

ity in Shorthorn transactions where.

It was evident in 1916 that Short- horns were experiencing the greatest demand in the history of the breed, and prices were sympathetically affected. In 1917 the demand increased and prices gradually rose to a higher level, but this advance was consistent everywhere. There was no apparent inclination on the part of any breeder or investor to encourage anything but _ substantial, continuous trade. The year closed with an unequaled record, so far as Short- horn traffic is concerned, and 1918 opened with a still keener demand.

The sales during the first half of this year have revealed a gradual upward trend of prices. But everywhere there is harmony in these prices. The trade is not limited.to any one or several sec- tions. It covers the country, it includes Canada, it embraces in fact every coun- try in the world where the improved livestock industry has gained a foot- hold. Happily, with this unprecedented trade, with the prospect for a much greater trade in the months and the years that are still ahead, Shorthorn prices are consistent, and it may be stated with emphasis that in compari- son with all other commodities they are even conservative.

But with this apparent certainty of increased business there may come the temptation on the part of a few indi- viduals to look with favor upon boom prices and boom methods. Shorthorn breeders need only to recall the past, or to look beyond their ranks at the pres- ent time, to witness a rivalry in another breed that is carrying prices to a spec- tacular level. When there develops between two or more breeders a rivalry to attain high averages at public sales, a rivalry so keen that practices other than those used in the natural course of business are employed to stimulate high averages, then that breed is in grave danger of a disordered and dis- turbing trade condition. Any breed that has to contend with these unnatu- ral, hand-made conditions is harboring a menace that may seriously affect its entire progress. Stability and consis- tency are foundation factors in the making of prosperity and _ progress among the supporters of any breed, and happily, for two decades they have characterized Shorthorn trade.

There are those who become more or less excited when prices go skyward. We have sat in many sale rings and witnessed men who would sit calmly through the sale until some animal began to attract high bids; then we have seen these men begin to go ’round in circles and begin to urge the con- tending bidders onward and use elo- quent arguments to convince them that the animal offered was well-nigh indis- pensible in their operations. And when the reports of sales reveal high aver- ages and high individual prices, then there are those who become imbued with the idea that they must “get into the game” and make an average that

every=

will eclipse other averages. It is an old story with us.

The interesting feature about this is that it is not the established breeder, not the man of long experience, not the man who knows the business from long contact who leaves the beaten path, but usually some newer recruit who cannot resist the desire to get into the spot- light. To attain his desire he may buy many high-priced animals, for no other purpose than to consign them to a sale carrying a little more finish than when he bought them, and expecting, with the support of those whom he has patronized, to obtain still higher prices. He may attain this, and yet by such methods it is easy to see that his actual profits may not compare with those of the breeders who sell their own produce at averages ranging possibly on much lower level.

Adequate profits in Shorthorn breed- ing are not obtained in a year. They come through the decades, and the opportunities for obtaining profits ac- cumulate with the passing of years. It is the established breeder, the man who works for improvement and attains it, that deserves a large share in the dis- tribution of profits. He is the stable element in the business, and it is to him the fraternity as a whole is deeply indebted. His is the name that endures.

The Shorthorn interests have never experienced before such prosperity nor so equitably distributed, and it is in the consistent, safe course of Shorthorn transactions that the maximum profits are assured. Thus far we have avoided the spectacular. We have applied our efforts along the natural avenues of trade. The lamp of experience has been our guide. Let us not in this present prosperous period look with envious eyes to any man or any breed that evinces an inclination toward boom tac- tics. We have too much at stake. Our prospects are too flattering and the need of our products too great. Our safest course lies straight ahead.

CALF CLUBS

When the idea of forming calf clubs was originated, and for some time there- after, it was the practice to furnish inexpensive animals to the contestants, or rather, as good animals as could be obtained at a minimum expense.

These calf club contests have been great teachers. They have been pro- gressive. In some communities where one calf club employed grade calves and another pure-bred calves, the advantage has been so marked in favor of the full- blood calves that there is no inclination now to consider grade calves in such communities for this purpose.

Now comes from a certain district in Ohio the information that a calf club there is making use of calves, the initial cost of which was, in round numbers, $350 each. Isn’t it remarkable the hold these calf clubs are getting? Probably no movement ever inaugurated has proven as useful a factor in claiming the interest and efforts of the boys and

girls as these calf clubs, and from their numbers will develop many successful breeders.

One observer made the statement a few weeks ago that it would keep the Shorthorn people busy producing enough heifer calves to furnish these clubs, which are coming forward each year in greater numbers, with enough calves to carry out their purposes. The breeders have been responsive to this movement. They have furnished calves for this purpose at prices, in many instances, below their value. They have done so in the interests of Shorthorn progress.

We can scarcely conceive of the value that this movement will be to livestock improvement generally and to Shorthorn advancement in particular. It will cause many a boy to stay with the farm who might otherwise have drifted elsewhere. It will induce many such a boy to adopt cattle of a high standard rather than grades or inferior sorts. It will keep many a boy’s attention where it belongs, with the herd and with the farm, that might otherwise center on things of less or questionable value.

THE MEMBERSHIP FEE

Fifty men, more or less, assemble and form a Shorthorn breeders’ association. It may be either the county, district, state or interstate organization. They draw up a constitution and by-laws, usually much more complex than they should be, and are found to be a hin- drance later on. With a view to fur- nishing a remedy for this we pub- lished in the April number of this magazine a simplified constitution and by-laws which have been’ widely adopted. The main point to keep in mind in such associations is co-opera- tion rather than organization.

The question of membership fees comes up. Some one proposes an an- nual fee of twenty-five cents, another suggests that maybe fifty cents would be satisfactory. Then another proposes that one dollar is little enough. And usually it rests there and one dollar becomes the standard membership fee for associations of this nature.

When these organizations were given up almost wholly to social and literary programs, the fee of one dollar seemed ample, but it has been noted that organ- izations that followed this course have vanished from the earth. Nowadays when a Shorthorn association is formed, it is formed for business. The purpose is to make it easier for the members to dispose of their surplus, to obtain pub- licity, to secure high-class herd bulls which may become available to several members of the organization.

Scarcely is such an association under way when the funds become exhausted. The secretary who looks out for the correspondence uses his own postage, and when the next meeting is held he modestly mentions this fact and a little assessment is made to cover the item. But happily breeders are beginning to see that these local associations are

The Shorthorn in America

really worth something to their inter- ests. They are beginning to see that a secretary representing all of their inter- ests can accomplish a good deal, and there are now several such associations that have a membership fee of $5. This gives the secretary a little means to work with. It gives him a little money to use for advertising. It enables him to keep up a more active correspon- dence. In fact and in short, it gives him a chance to do a little business.

Now there are not a few breeders who hold to the opinion that a membership fee of $25 would serve a better purpose. They take the position that there is no member of an organization of this na- ture but who would be benefited much more than that amount. And they can see that with an annual fee of $25 from each member, the secretary or the man- ager, or the executive board, or who- ever looks after the details will have some means at hand for promoting the interests of the members individually and collectively. With an organization of fifty members and an annual fee of $25, $1,250 becomes available for cre- ating and improving the association’s opportunities. It is enough so the sec- retary may have remuneration sufficient to warrant him in giving up a part of his time. It is enough to enable him to begin to impress the public with the importance and extent of the associa- tion’s affairs. Should the membership reach one hundred, $2,500 is then in hand, and if spent with discretion will accomplish vastly larger results.

It is not proposed that all associations should adopt a membership fee of $25, though we believe their interests would be better served if they did, but unques- tionably a minimum of $5 and from that up to $25 would be money well invested. The getting of business requires an organized effort and an energetic one, and money in the treasury gives a lot of pep to the effort. It will have a very definite effect on the prices that the association members will obtain for their cattle.

May we suggest, Mr. Shorthorn Breeder, when you assist in organizing an association, or attend the next meet- ing of the one of which you are now a member, that you bring up this matter of membership fee and offer some sug- gestions along the lines herein stated.

INCREASED REVENUE

For the fiscal year ending October 31, 1915, the total income of the American Shorthorn Breeders’ Association aggre- gated $95,688.11. At the present rate of income, allowing for the variations of the seasons, the prospect is that the income for this year, ending October 31, will amount to $250,000—quite two and one-half times the income of 1915. This figure will impress anyone with the tre- mendous percentage of increase—and its significance.

Right here some one asks the ques- tion, “What does the Association do with all of this money?” It is a perti-

July 1, 1918

nent question and the answer is,—— Every dollar of it is being spent to pro- mote the interests of Shorthorn breed- ing. It.isn’t so long ago that the annual receipts of this Association hovered around $10,000, and it took a long time to get up to that figure. Finally it reached the gratifying total of $30,000 annually. Then, in the course of a few years, it mounted to $60,000. Finally, in 1915, it had grown to $95,000.

During the earlier years those who had the affairs of the Association in hand wisely set aside an amount each year for an investment as a safeguard against any calamity or depression that might be encountered. These invest- ments were made in government bonds and in the most stable securities. As the years passed, these investments finally reached a total approximating $175,000.

During the last twenty years, and even before that, a part of the receipts each year were devoted to prize awards and to service rendered to breeders through the assistance. of a field repre- sentative. These appropriations for prizes and the field service had the effect of stimulating Shorthorn breed- ing, and the amount set apart each year for this useful purpose was increased. Finally the directors of the Association recognized that the investments were sufficient to safeguard the affairs of the Association through any calamity that could possibly be foreseen and they decided to devote to this service and prizes all of the receipts each year, barring an amount sufficient to insure the balance being on the right side of the ledger at the close of the year.

This decision on the part of the direc- tors made available a much larger fund than ever before, and its application to the several lines of service has further increased Shorthorn activity. It has appealed with remarkable force to pros- pective breeders. They have observed this progressive attitude, and have shaped their plans to become identified with an organization which had the purposes and the resources for insuring advancement.

That this is true is clearly shown by the increased receipts of the Associa- tion, which this year will reach the $250,000 mark. This makes available a much greater amount to be devoted to educational purposes, to extend Short- horn trade and enlarge Shorthorn terri- tory, to render service to breeders indi- vidually and collectively everywhere. The momentum acquired will increase, because the methods for forcing the increase are at hand. The time is not far distant when the annual receipts of this Association will be double what they are in the present year. And then they will double again and yet again. It will not be long until a volume approxi- mating a million dollars will flow into the Shorthorn treasury each year only to flow out again to serve the interests of every man who is breeding Short- horns.

The present field force numbers six men besides Secretary Harding. They are men of practical experience, who are constantly in the field working among the individual breeders and locai associations, bringing buyer and seller together, filling orders and in a hundred ways aiding in the advancement of Shorthorn interests.

The appropriations for prizes made by this Association will exceed $60,000 this year. These are based on $1 offered by the Association for every $2 con- tributed by county, district, state and interstate fair associations and national livestock shows. In addition to this there are many local shows offering cash awards, which bring the total of Shorthorn cash prizes for the current year up to slightly over $200,000.

An advertising campaign embracing publications from the Atlantic to the Pacific and from Canada to the Gulf is one of the features of Shorthorn service. The publication of this magazine, THE SHORTHORN IN AMERICA, which is sent regularly to every Shorthorn breeder (and the number of those who now register females has grown to 30,000), and to a large list of prospective buyers is one of the items of service. For several issues 40,000 copies of this magazine have been published, and we are obliged to increase the number to meet the current needs.

Such, in brief, are the channels through which the income of this Asso- ciation is being used for the expansion of Shorthorn influence and the advan- tages incident thereto.

HERD MANAGEMENT

If all of the business failures in any given year were analyzed, the chances are that it would be found that most of these failures could be traced to lack of management. If this applies to com- mercial business, it may apply also to the cattle breeding business, although failures in our line are so few and far between as to scarcely be worthy of consideration. We might better say that capable management, or the lack of it, determines the degree of success of the individual.

Certain it is that intelligent manage- ment is an important and indisputable factor in the making of a breeder’s suc- cess. In another part of this magazine we have assembled the expressions of nearly a score of experienced breeders for the benefit of those who may be lacking in experience.

INTEGRITY

It is most gratifying to the American Shorthorn Breeders’ Association to know that the integrity of the men associated with Shorthorn affairs is the assurance of reliable methods in the matter of keeping private herd records. The in- stances where breeders have attempted to deceive in the making of pedigrees have been rare indeed. Among the 380,- 000 breeders who are now registering Shorthorns, it is gratifying to state that not more than half a dozen have appar- ently resorted to crookedness in making

records. The check which this office has on all pedigrees presented for regis- try is such that any departure from the truth is almost always immediately de- tected. And while it may look easy to the individual who is inclined to engage in questionable practices in applying pedigrees to animals to which they do not belong or in substituting attractive pedigrees for those less popular, it really is quite easy at this end of the line to quickly discern these discrepancies. But, as stated above, such attempts are rare.

The sentiment among Shorthorn breed- ers is such that any man who under- takes to write a crooked pedigree is put under the ban. Our people do not tol- erate practices of this nature and it would be a short-sighted breeder who would run the risk of jeopardizing his business by falsifying to a pedigree, for once attempted and caught in the act, and he is almost certain to be caught, his whole herd goes under suspicion and the values of his cattle are reduced to such an extent that no sane man would run the risk, to say nothing of the pen- alty which the rulings of this Associa- tion would place upon him.

MILKING RECORDS

From the manager of a herd of Milk- ing Shorthorns we received a tabula- tion of the milk records of twenty-eight females and we summarize these records herewith: Five of the cows make yields slightly under 30 pounds of milk per day, but only one of the five fell below 4 percent average butterfat and one reached 5.05 percent. Twenty-three had average daily milk yields exceeding 30 pounds, eleven 40 pounds or more per day, three 50 pounds or more and one slightly over 60 pounds. The high- est butterfat percentage shown in the list was 6.72 pounds, and sixteen of the list of twenty-eight had averaged over 4 percent butterfat.

It appears that all the Shorthorn cows have needed was a little intelligent attention to the milking qualities. "We will hear much in the future about Shorthorn milk records, because so few of the records are disappointing, and along with these records is the assur- ance that there is a calf that will com- mand a good price. There is another feature and that is the high percentage of butterfat which is always in evidence.

MAIL OUT THE PAMPHLET

This office has recently compiled a 16- page pamphlet, suitable for mailing in an ordinary envelope, which breeders will find very useful in mailing to pros- pective customers. The title of this pamphlet is “The Shorthorn Is the Breed for You.” It contains illustrations and records of beef and milk production that make a strong case for the Short- horn.

These pamphlets from this office in sired, upon request.

We invite the co-operation of breed- ers everywhere in the distribution of this useful bit of Shorthorn information.

may be obtained the quantities de-

The Shorthorn in America

lmportant IXulles im ldlerd Management

In order to bring to the attention of Shorthorn breeders generally the meth- ods and practices of experienced breed- ers, we prepared a list of twenty-four questions pertaining to the management of the breeding herd and sent these out to a number of breeders in various parts of the country.

We present herewith these questions and answers that have been received. There is a liberal educaticn in them. It is interesting to note how nearly identi- cal the practices of these several breed- ers are. There is a slight divergence of opinion and method in a few of the items, governed chiefiy by location, but in the main they follow the same route.

We commend to our readers, particu- larly those who have not had long expe- rience, those who are just beginning,

Courtesy C. A. Hauf & Son, Glendo, Wyo.

HE. B. THOMAS, Audubon, Iowa.—‘“16 to 20 months.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS, Loveland, Colo.—“At about 18 months of age.”

A. J. RYDEN, Abingdon, Ill.—“I like to breed my heifers from 18 to 20 months of age.”

R. H. SCOTT, Mgr. Lespedeza Farm, Hickory Valley, Tenn.—‘18 to 20 months old, depending on how well developed the individual is for her age.”

WM. MILNE, with J. W. McDermott, Kahoka, Mo.—‘We breed our heifers from 18 to 20 months of age.”

BE. OGDEN & SON, Maryville, Mo.— “Something depends upon the size and condition. A norma] heifer should calve at 24 or 25 months. They make better mothers and are more depend- able.”

FRANK BROWN, Carlton, from 18 to 24 months old.”

TOMSON BROS., Carbondale and Do- ver, Kan.—‘“18 to 22 months.”

Ore.—“At

Photo by Risk.

Get of Sire Group

and those who contemplate engaging in Shorthorn breeding, a close study of the responses to these basic questions.

At what age do you breed your heifers?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS, Hurley, S. Dak.—‘When heifer is well matured, we breed at 22 months old.”

JOHN GARDEN of Weaver & Garden, Wapello, Ilowa.—‘If well grown, at 15 to 16 months.”

J. A. KILGOUR, Sterling, Ill.—‘“‘Not un- der 18 months.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS, St. Cloud, Minn.—‘‘From 15 to 20 months.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER, Tiffin, Ohio.— “Twenty months.”

EBEN E. JONES, Rockland, Wis.—‘*We breed them to calvyve when they are from 30 to 36 months of age.”

J. R. RABY, Gatesville, Tex.—‘‘20 to 22 months.”

GEO. SIM, Mgr. Anoka Farms, Wau- kesha, Wis.—‘“18 to 20 months, accord- ing to development.”

ALEX EDGAR, with J. F. Prather, Wil- liamsville, I11.—‘“18 to 20 months old.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS, Tawas City, Mich.—“Generally at 2 years old, es- pecially the juniors. The seniors are bred at about 22 months, making them calve in March. Our heifers are given a rest after the first calves and we breed again to have a second calf a fall calf, September or October.”

At what time of the year do you pre- fer to have your calves come?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—‘When possible, we prefer to have our calves come in September and October.”

J. C. ANDREW, West Point, Ind:— “September and January.” JOHN GARDEN.—“In the fall and

spring.” :

J. A. KILGOUR.—‘May and October.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—‘During the fall months.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—‘September and January.”

EBEN E. JONES.—“September and Jan- uary.”

J. R. RABY.—‘September and October.”

GEO. SIM.—“First of September to the first of March.”

ALEX EDGAR.—“In a breeding herd of fifty cows, half to calve in September and October; the other half in Janu- ary and February.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“In the winter about January 1 and in the fall from our best cows, but with the average we prefer them to drop their calves in the pasture in the spring. They are easier to handle than in the stables.”

H. B. THOMAS.—‘“In the early fall months, from September to December, or in the early spring months, Febru- ary to May.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—‘“We prefer September or January calves so far as practical, that is, without letting the cow lose too much time.”

A. J. RYDEN.—‘‘From September 1 to December 1. At that time: we leave our cows on the grass until we are compelled by winter to take them in. At that time of the year the flow of milk is not so heavy and calves usu- ally take it all and are not troubled with scours.”

R. H. SCOTT.—“Between September 1 and February 1.”

WM. MILNE.—“We like to have our calves come in September and Octo- ber and of course a few in January and February for show purposes.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—‘‘We have calves come at all months of the year. Oc- tober and April are very desirable times.”

FRANK BROWN.—“At from September 1 to Mareh 12”

TOMSON BROS.—‘We prefer Septem- ber and October calves, but have them all months except June, July and August.”

Do you usually let the calves run with the cows on pasture during the summer, or keep them separated and let them nurse twice or three times a day?

EK. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—‘We do not usually let our calves run with cows on pasture during the summer. We generally keep them up and let them nurse twice a day.”

J. C. ANDREW.—‘“‘Nurse twice daily, keeping them separated.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“We let the heifer calves run with the cows and small bull calves. The older bull calves we keep up and nurse twice a day.”

J. A. KTILGOUR.—“‘‘Keep them separate.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—‘We keep our calves in the barn in the daytime during the summer months and bring in the dams to nurse them twice a day.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“‘We keep them in; nurse twice per day.”

EBEN E. JONES.—‘“We keep our calves in the barn and let them nurse twice a day.”

J. R. RABY.—‘“Keep them separated and nurse twice a day.”

GEO, SIM—‘“We do not let calves run with cows on pasture during the sum- mer.”

ALEX EDGAR.—‘T believe in calves being with their dams the first month; separate then, nursing twice daily.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“A small number are kept in the barn, nursing twice a day. The balance are allowed to run in the pasture with the cows.”

E. B. THOMAS.—“Our calves are kept

separate from their dams, real young .

calves being allowed to nurse three times a day until 2 to 4 weeks old, then twice per day.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—‘“‘After the calves have reached 6 weeks of age they are kept in a paddock with plenty of fresh water and shade.”

A. J. RYDEN.—“‘After our cows that calve in the fall are brought to win- ter quarters we separate them, letting the calves suck twice a day.”

R. H. SCOTT.—“Keep them separated and nurse them twice a day—night and morning.”

WM. MILNE.—“We always like to let the calves run with their dams until they are 6 weeks old. Then let them suckle twice a day.”

July 1, 1918

E. OGDEN & SON.—“We have always kept cows and calves separate. Heifer calves with heavy milking dams may run with dams on good grass.”

FRANK BROWN.—“AIl calves run with their mothers from April until July, except those we are fitting to show, which we let nurse twice a day.”

TOMSON BROS.—‘We allow them to run with dams until the bulls begin to pay attention to cows.”

Where they run with their dams do you think it advisable to have a “creep” where the calves can have a little grain in addition to their milk?

EH. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—‘Where they run with their dams, we think it is advisable to let the calves have a little grain in addition to their milk.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“Yes.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“Yes.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—“Yes.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—“We think it necessary to have a creep.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“Yes.”

Janke RAB Y.—<l dow

GEO. SIM.—“Yes.”

ALEX EDGAR.—“Yes.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“Yes.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—“In case the calves run with their mothers it would be advisable to have a creep for grain- ing purposes.”

A. J. RYDEN.—‘T like to get the calves to eating a little grain as early as pos- sible.”

Rees COT — vies.

WM. MILNE.—“The creep system for the calves you do not intend to show is a splendid idea and should be prac- ticed by all small breeders.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—“‘We never have tried this, but it always looked good.”

FRANK BROWN.—‘Not if their dam is a fairly good milker.”

TOMSON BROS.—“In many cases this is advisable.”

Do you keep the winter calves away from the cows during the day, or let them run together?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“We do not let them run with the cows.”

J. C. ANDREW .—“Keep away.”

JOHN GARDEN.—‘We keep the calves by themselves and let them out when the weather is good.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—‘‘Keep them separate.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—‘We run our calves in separate lots from the cows.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“Away.”

EBEN E. JONES.—‘Keep them apart.”

J. R. RABY.—“Keep them separate.”

GEO. SIM.—“‘Keep separate.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—‘‘Keep sep- arate.”

KE. B. THOMAS.—“Winter calves never allowed to run with cows.”

A. J. RYDEN.—“They run together in box stalls, but are let out of doors every day for exercise separately. In this way the calves are not likely to get injured.”

R. H. SCOTT.—‘Keep them separated. We keep the calves in box stalls and run the cows in open sheds in the daytime.”

WM. MILNE.—‘“Most decidedly so. They fatten better when they are in a shed by themselves.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—“Keep them sepa- rate day and night.”

FRANK BROWN.—“Six weeks after birth they are with their dams day and night. After that they are suckled three times a day.”

TOMSON BROS.—“We separate them.”

Do you usually breed the heifers for the second calf as soon as possi- ble after the first one comes, or do you prefer to give them a rest for a few weeks?

HK. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“We al- ways let them pass over one period and the second period we breed them.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“Rest a few weeks.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“We breed the heif- ers as soon as they come in heat, as we always give heifers with their first calf more grain than the older cows.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—“One calf a year is enough.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—“Tf the cows were bred young the first time we give them a short rest after produc- ing first calf.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“If the heif- ers are in good condition breed them in about three months,”

EBEN E. JONES.—“We generally breed our heifers as soon as possible, but in case a heifer should happen to get with a calf by accident when she is too young we let her go six months or so.”

J. A. RABY.—“T breed them as soon as they come in.”

GEO. SIM.—“Breed as soon as possible.”

ALEX EDGAR.—“Cows ought to have at least six weeks’ rest. We com- mence breeding in December.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—‘The heif- ers are given a rest when bred young.”’

E. B. THOMAS.—“We prefer to breed heifers that have been well grown rather young, giving them a few months’ rest between the first and second calf.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—“‘We usually allow a short rest of about three months for young heifers after their first calves.”

A. J, RYDEN.—“Tf the heifers are strong and well cared for, I do not think it necessary to let them run very long before breeding.”

R. H. SCOTT.—‘‘We try to get the cows bred the first time they come in after calving, as we find that we have less trouble getting them in calf if we follow this rule.”

WM. MILNE.—“Our experience has been to breed them as soon as they come in season, and if they get in calf take the calf from the cow and give her at

Courtesy C. F. Mitchell & Son, Farragut, Iowa,

least three months’ rest before calv- ing.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—‘I prefer to grow a heifer well that is carrying her first calf and then breed her at the first period after calving.”

FRANK BROWN.—“‘Breed as soon as possible.”

TOMSON BROS.—‘‘We prefer to allow a rest.”

Do you keep your herds separated chiefly as to ages, both winter and summer?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“We gen- erally keep the yearling heifers sepa- rated from the rest of the herd in the winter.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“Yes.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“In the winter we keep them, as they will get along bet- ter at the feed bunks; if there are pastures enough to keep them sepa- rated I think it is best, as the cattle will look better, especially if you want to sell them at private sale.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—“In winter, but not in summer.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—‘We always keep our cattle separated according to age and sex.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“Yes.”

EBEN E. JONES.—“Yes, we do.”

J. R. RABY.—‘T do.”

GEO. SIM.—‘“Yes, if accommodations will permit.” aie

ALEX EDGAR.—“Have two pastures, one for open heifers and the other for older females.”

Cc. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—‘Separate whenever conditions are favorable” EK. B. THOMAS.—“Our cattle are kept separated as to ages during the win- ter feeding months, but all are al- lowed to run together in pastures

during the summer.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—‘We keep our herds separated in age classes, both winter and summer.”

A. J. RYDEN.—“We keep our heifers separate from the in-calf cows. I find the more contented and quiet the cows are kept, the better the calf crop.”

R. H. SCOTT.—“Yes.”

WM. MILNE.—‘We always keep them separated as to ages in winter, but it is hard to do it sometimes in summer time on account of not having pas- tures, but we always have them sep- arated when on feed. They do bet- ter.”

Double Sultan 3858097

The Shorthorn in America

Courtesy E. J. Thompson & Son, Hurley, 8. D,

EH. OGDEN & SON.—‘‘We have not had Our barns arranged so as to separate our cows according to ages, but would prefer to. We have separated accord- ing to condition and feed needed.”

FRANK BROWN.—“‘‘Always run heifers that come in breeding by themselves.”

TOMSON BROS.—‘‘As much as possi- ble.”

Do you find that they do better where only a limited number are kept together?

BE. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“We think they do.”

J. C. ANDREW .—“Yes.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“Yes.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—“Yes.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“Yes.”

J. R. RABY.—“I think so.”

GEO. SIM.—‘‘Depends on size of pas- ture.”’

ALEX EDGAR.—“Have plenty of pas- ture, water and shade.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“Yes.”

E. B. THOMAS.—“Yes, especially in winter.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—‘Where a limited number are kept together you have better results on less feed, less horning and are able to keep the cor- rals in better shape.”

A. J. RYDEN.—‘If this question refers to stabling or keeping cattle in win- ter quarters I should say keep them in limited numbers. I prefer to stable a few cattle in a big barn rather than a lot of cattle in a little barn.”

R. H. SCOTT.—“Yes.”

WM. MILNE.—‘When cattle are run- ning out in open sheds we find it makes a little difference if you have plenty of feed bunks. If I were hous- ing cattle I would advise not to put too many calves in one stall.”

EH. OGDEN & SON.—“Invariably.”

FRANK BROWN.—‘With abundance of feed I observe no difference.”

TOMSON BROS.—“This would depend on the size of the pasture. Ordinar- ily, yes.”

Do you find it easier to keep your breeding herd to a high standard where the number is limited to fifty or less than where it numbers seventy-five or more?

EK. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“We do.” J. C. ANDREW.—“No experience.” JOHN GARDEN.—“Yes.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—“Yes.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—‘No.”

EBEN EF. JONES.—“‘We have only twenty-five breeding cows. The dry cows are kept in a different pasture than the milking cows. In this way

The Breeding Herd

we find it saves time in getting the milking cows in, and the dry cows do better when not driven back and forth from the pasture. We are fortunate in having splendid water in our pas- ture and our cows have access to some at all times. They all have spring water.”

J. R. RABY.—“T think if one would cull or keep sold down to fifty head or less the standard would be higher.”

GEO. SIM.—“Yes.”

ALEX EDGAR.—“Ought to have 100 head.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“Yes. The average conditions are more favora- ble where the cattle are not over- crowded.”

E. B. THOMAS.—“Yes.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—“In herds of less than fifty it is easier to keep a high standard.”

A. J. RYDEN.—‘I know of no reason why a herd of seventy-five or more could not be kept up to a high stand- ard, provided the owner has the de- sire and the facilities for taking care of them and would not be tempted to part with the more desirable ones.”

WM. MILNE.—‘Seventy-five head can be kept just as easily as fifty if you are fixed for them, while I do believe a small and select herd is the most profitable.”

EH. OGDEN & SON.—‘We have had no experience with a large herd.”

FRANK BROWN.—“Yes.”

TOMSON BROS.—"‘This is probably true, but the size and arrangement of farm has much to do with that.”

Is it your practice to keep the best breeding cows and finally market them when past usefulness, or do you aim to dispose of them for breeding purposes before they be- gin to look “agey’?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“It is our practice to keep the best breeding cows and market them when past usefulness.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“‘Shall breeder always.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“We keep our good breeding cows as long as they will produce, as they will bring more re- turns from their calves than if you were to sell them, as very few people care to buy old cows.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—“We keep our breeding cows as long as they are useful.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—‘Keep them.”

EBEN EF. JONES.—‘We have always retained some of our best breeding cows and now have a cow that will be 20 years old July 28, 1918. She is

keep a good

now safe in calf and has an excellent bull calf at foot.”

J. R. RABY.—“I keep the best breeding cows until they become ‘agey’ in pref- erence to selling.”

GEO. SIM.—‘Keep as long as_ they breed. We find that some of the old cows have been our best producers.”

ALEX EDGAR.—‘‘Keep best producers for life term.”

Cc. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“We keep the good breeding cows as long as they are useful.”

EH. B. THOMAS.—“We believe in wear- ing a good breeding cow out ourselves rather than selling her before she be- comes ‘agey.’ ”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—‘It is our practice to keep an animal which has proven useful to old age, disposing of her to the packer after her breeding career is over.”

A. J. RYDEN.—“T think the best policy is to hold on to the good breeding cows. If they are well fed and cared for they won’t look ‘agey’ very early in life.”

R. H. SCOTT.—“We usually keep our best brood cows until they are past their usefulness, and then market them.”

WM. MILNE.—“We have a few old cows that we will let die on the farm, but if they are not extra good breed- ers we think it most profitable to dis- pose of them before they get aged.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—‘We have never sold a cow for the reason that she was too old. We have the first Scotch cow we bought. Another is 18 years of age and carrying a calf.”

FRANK BROWN.—“Keep them as long as they are breeders.”

TOMSON BROS.—“We prefer to keep a valuable cow as long as useful.”

Is it your practice to reserve for your own use the tops of your heifer calves from year to year?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—‘We gen- erally aim to keep the most of the best heifer calves from year to year.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“Yes.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“We usually keep a few from our best breeding cows.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—‘Some of the best should be kept.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—‘‘We reserve a few heifers every year to keep in the herd.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“Yes.”

EBEN E. JONES.—“Yes, we keep some of the best. We keep the heifer calves from the cows that have been our best producers.”

J. R. RABY.—“My best are never for sale.”

GEO. SIM.—“It has not been on account of calf sales.”

July 1, 1918

ALEX EDGAR.—“Yes.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—‘Yes.”

HK, B. THOMAS.—“Yes.”’

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—“It is our practice to divide our best heifers with the public about ‘fifty-fifty.’ ”

A. J. RYDEN.—“Yes, it is the only way a herd can be maintained for any length of time.’

R. H. SCOTT.—“We keep a few of the tops each year and sell the rest.”

WM. MILNE.—‘“‘That is an idea that should be practiced if a breeder in- tends to be a constructive cattle breeder, but the present prices of cat- tle have tempted a good many of us to let them go.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—“‘This is hard to do, but we have been able to keep a few.”

FRANK BROWN.—“Yes.”

TOMSON BROS.—“Yes.”

Do you try to guard against your breeding cows becoming thin when nursing?

EK. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“We think they should be kept in good breeding condition, not too highly fleshed, as this has a tendency to make non- breeders.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“Yes.”

JOHN GARDEN.—‘We always try and keep our breeding cows in good flesh.’

J. A. KILGOUR.—“Yes.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—“We always feed our cows very liberally when nursing calves, but cows a little ‘agey’ if good milkers will become thin nurs- ing calves.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“‘Yes.”

EBEN E. JONES.—‘Yes, we always try to keep our breeding cows in fair flesh.”

J. Rk. RABY.— 1 do”

GEHO. SIM.—“Yes.”

ALEX EDGAR.—“Yes.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“Yes.”

BK. B. THOMAS.—“Yes. Though we con- sider it no detriment to a cow to suckle down rather thin if she re- mains thrifty and strong.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—“We try to keep our breeding cows from becom- ing too thin, but they are not pushed with heavy grain.”

A. J. RYDEN.—“Our herd is Kept in good, strong condition all the year round.”

R. H. SCOTT.—“We try and keep them in good, thrifty condition and do not like for them to get too thin when nursing.”

WM. MILNE.—“We like to let our cows suckle down a little, but do not be- lieve in keeping them too thin while the best breeding cows for me have been the ones kept in moderate flesh.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—“I prefer to have a cow at least hold her own while nursing her calf. If very thin, she should gain. I have made considera- ble money by buying thin cows and calves and feeding cows heavy.”

FRANK BROWN.—“Yes.”

TOMSON BROS.—‘We try to help those that are inclined to suckle down.”

Do you rely upon open sheds for pro- tection during the winter for most of the herd, or do you stable most of the cattle?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“We sta- ble all cows nursing calves; open heifers and dry cows have sheds for protection during the winter.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“Stable.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“We use open sheds for all of our cattle, keeping the new calved cows in box stalls for a couple of weeks.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—“Large open sheds are the best.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—“All of our cattle are stabled but dry cows. They run in open sheds.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“Stable them.”

EBEN EF. JONES.—“We stall all our cattle in the barns.”

J. R. RABY.—“I only stable the coldest nights in the winter. Keep them in the open.”

GEO. SIM.—“Stable mostly.”

ALEX EDGAR.—“Open sheds. after the calves are 1 month old.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—‘Cattle all in barns.”

E. B. THOMAS.—‘Open sheds furnish protection for most of the herd dur- ing winter, only nursing cows, young things, being stabled.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—‘“Our cattle are kept largely in open sheds during the winter.”

A. J. RYDEN.—“Our dry cows are fed in the open, but have sheds to lie in. The cows suckling calves have box stalls. Our heifers and young bulls are kept in box stalls or have access to sheds.”

R. H. SCOTT.—“We keep the dry cows, yearling heifers and 2-year-old heif- ers in open sheds and cows nursing young calves and the younger things stabled.”

WM. MILNE.—“We certainly advocate an open air system. It has surely been a winner for us. We have less trouble with T. B. while they are running out than when being kept in a tight barn.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—‘We prefer open sheds for all except little calves and their dams.”

FRANK BROWN.—“‘Use sheds for dry cows and stable them two or three weeks prior to calving.”

TOMSON BROS.—“We use open sheds for most of them.”

Do you make a practice of feeding the herd out on the pastures during the winter, or do you feed mostly in bunks and racks in the barn yard?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“We feed our fodder in the pasture, hay in the barn and sheds, and alfalfa in bunks during the winter.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“Feed in barn.”

JOHN GARDEN.—‘We feed ours in the

barnyards; have bunks for silage and grain if possible. We prefer to have

the hay racks in the barn.”

Courtesy Frank Scofield, Hillsboro, Tex,

.TOMSON BROS.—‘We

29 J. A. KILGOUR.—“Feed in bunks in barnyard.” LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—‘We feed in the yards.” W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“In the barn- yard.”

EBEN E. JONES.—“‘Our herd are all fed in the barns.”

J. R. RABY.—“I feed the nursing cows in winter in the lots and barns night and morning, and feed the dry cattle in the pasture. Have my place di- vided in three pastures—suckling cows in one, dry cows in another and the heifers in still another.”

GEO. SIM.—“Bunks and racks in yards.”

ALEX EDGAR.—‘‘Feed in yards adjoin- ing open sheds.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“Feed in the barn. Conditions unfavorable for feeding outside in this locality.”

EK. B. THOMAS.—‘We feed mostly in bunks and racks in the barnyards.”’

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—‘We feed our herds in bunks and racks in the yard during the winter.”

A. J. RYDEN.—‘We feed in bunks in open yard.”

R. H. SCOTT.—“We feed in the barn- yard.”

WM. MILNE.—“Outside of a small part of the herd we feed mostly in yards around the barn, but we have a tim- ber that has been a great winter feed- ing ground for dry cows on shock fod- der and hay.”

EH. OGDEN & SON.—“Both. Mostly in bunks and racks in lots.”

FRANK BROWN.—“Feed sheds and barn.”

entirely in feed much roughage out in pastures.”

What plan do you follow in the care of your herd bull?

KE. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“We keep our herd bulls in box stalls during the night and cold weather and have pad- docks for them to run in during the day.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“Have a large grass lot he runs in day and night in sum- mer and in daytime in winter.”

JOHN GARDEN.—‘“‘We usually give them a good box stall; if convenient, a lot attached so they get plenty of exercise.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—“Keep him in small yard by himself with shed for shel- ter.”

Lackawana Duchess 6th, a First Prize Winning Senior Yearling

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—“He is al- lowed to run in a large box stall and is either exercised by leading or turn- ing into a lot.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“Give a good, large box stall, with out of door ex- ercise every morning.”

EBEN EH. JONES.—“‘Our herd bull has a box stall that opens into a lot and he can go in and out whenever he wants to.”

J. R. RABY.—‘T have lots of from one to three acres in size for each of them; some grass, water so they can drink at any time, feed, grain and hay, but no ensilage. I think I have lost two bulls from feeding it. Give them a good walk every morning. Never turn in with cows. In breed- ing, only one service.” ue

GEO. SIM.—“Give him a large box stall with plenty of ventilation, good feed and plenty of exercise, by leading, if necessary.”

ALEX HEDGAR.—‘‘Has the run of one- half acre paddock, open box stall for stormy weather. Paddock adjoins cow pasture.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“Allow the bull plenty of fresh air and exercise, with moderate feed.”

E. B. THOMAS.—‘Stabled at night in winter, with the run of a good sized lot during the day. In summer, out at night in grass lot, with the pro- tection of a darkened stall during the heat of the day.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—‘“We keep our herd bulls in box stalls by themselves, allowing a good open lot for plenty of exercise. In case they do not take enough exercise we lead them.”

A. J. RYDEN.—“Give him a good, well- bedded box stall summer and winter and a good bluegrass lot of two or three acres. We never tie them up.”

R. H. SCOTT.—“As to flesh, we try to Keep them in good, thrifty condition. In the summer we keep them in box stalls in the day time and run them on grass paddocks at night. At all times we see that they get plenty of exercise.”’

WM. MILNE.—“We think an acre lot with a small shed in the corner is the best system for the herd bull.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—“He has a small pasture next to the road and a stall with door open in bad weather and closed in fair weather. He is well fed and never is allowed to become thin.”

FRANK BROWN.—“In winter he has a large box stall, but goes out with the cows every day. If a cow comes in she is bred and put in the barn. In summer he runs in a green lot.”

TOMSON BROS.—“We allow plenty of room for exercise.”

What do you regard the best ration for the herd bull during the breeding season?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“We feed our bulls ground oats, bran, a little corn and all the alfalfa hay they want and some silage during the winter.”

J.C. ANDREW.—“Ground corn and oats, bran, oil meal, clover hay.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“In winter we give them oats, bran, a little corn and silage; in summer we give the same grain ration with all the grass they want,”

J. A. KILGOUR.—“A mixture of oats, corn, bran, not over one-fourth corn, alfalfa or clover hay.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—‘“Crushed oats, bran, a little oil meal and good hay.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“Corn, bran, good hay.”

EBEN E. JONES.—‘We feed our herd bulls a liberal amount of ground oats, some corn and a little bran. For roughage we have ensilage and clover jets Inge

oats,

J. R. RABY.—“I feed crushed oats, bran

and some ground barley and mixed hay.”

GEO. SIM.—‘Corn, oats, bran and si- lage.”

ALEX EDGAR.—‘Equal parts cracked corn, whole oats, ground barley, al- falfa hay in winter.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—‘“Cooked barley, oil meal and ground oats in limited quantities. Plenty of good hay.”

EH. B. THOMAS.—‘Crushed oats, bran and a small amount of corn. Oil meal and other concentrates as well as silage are fed sparingly to the herd bulls.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—“Bulky feed of oats, alfalfa leaves, a very small quantity of ensilage and a double handful of linseed cake makes a good ration.

A. J. RYDEN.—‘I regard a little cut hay (to make bulk) and equal parts of corn, oats and bran an ideal feed the year around. We feed ensilage.”

R. H. SCOTT.—‘An abundance of good hay and a grain ration of mixed corn, oats and bran.”

WM. MILNE.—‘“Corn, oats and bran; a third by measure has done very well for us. We feed the bull twice a day.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—“We prefer mostly bran and oats for a bull, with some oil meal and silage or cut hay.”

FRANK BROWN.—“Oats'9 and_. bran, with some ensilage and clover hay.”

TOMSON BROS.—“Corn, bran and oats, with good, bright roughness.”

Do you allow the young bulls or bull calves to run with him in the pad-

dock?

HE. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—‘We do not let our aged bulls run with the young bulls in the paddocks.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“No, except one calf now and then.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“It depends on the disposition of the bull; if they get along together it makes the herd bull take plenty of exercise.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—‘No.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—‘We do not.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“No.”

EBEN E. JONES.—“Yes.”

J. R. RABY.—‘Not often.”

GEO. SIM.—“No.”

ALEX EDGAR.—‘No.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“No.”

EK. B. THOMAS.—“Yes, unless his dis- position is such that he is rough with them.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—‘The young bulls have separate paddocks where three or four of them are allowed to run together.”

A. J. RYDEN.—‘If the bull is of good disposition and not inclined to strike at the calves we let two or three run with him in the pasture. It keeps him contented.”

R. H. SCOTT.—‘“No.”

WM. MILNE.—‘‘We never do, unless he doesn’t take enough exercise, and sometimes a couple of small calves will keep him stirring around.”

KH. OGDEN & SON.—‘“‘No.”

FRANK BROWN.—“‘Sometimes.”

TOMSON BROS.—‘We often do if the bull is kind to the calves.”

At what age do you favor beginning the use of a young bull?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—‘‘We think a young bull can be used at 12 months old when good care is taken Of him

J. Cc. ANDREW.—“Lightly at 1 year to 15 months.” 9

JOHN GARDEN.—‘About 12 months.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—“Not under 14 months.”

The Shorthorn in America

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—“After he is 1 year old.” ;

Ww. C. ROSENBERGER.—“One year.”

EBEN E. JONES.—“A bull should be at least 1 year old and should be used only on a few at that age.”

J. R. RABY.—“Light service at 15 months.”

GEO. SIM.—‘‘Twelve to 16 months, de- pending upon size.”

ALEX EDGAR.—“Twelve to 14 months.”

Cc. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—Around 18 months.”

E. B. THOMAS.—“At 12 months in a light way.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—“After 15 months of age.”

A. J. RYDEN.—“Fourteen or 15 months of age.”

R. H. SCOTT.—“Fifteen to 18 months old, according to the individual.”

WM. MILNE.—“I used Lord Banff when he was 11 months old with good suc- cess, but do not advise using a bull until he is over 12 months old.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—‘We have devel- oped a number of young bulls and always permit them to serve a few cows when 12 months old. We use a breeding jut.”

FRANK BROWN.—“From 16 to 18 months.”

TOMSON BROS.—“At 15 to 18 months.”

How many cows do you mate with a young bull during the period from twelve to twenty-four months?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“‘A young bull during the period of twenty-four months can serve thirty cows.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“No experience.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“It all depends on how sure he is. If he is very sure, about thirty-five.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—‘“Two or three a week, allowing one service.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“Thirty.”

EBEN BH. JONES.—“We have never bred more than fifteen cows to a bull of that age during one year.”

J. R. RABY.—‘About two a week.”

GEO. SIM.—‘‘Twenty-five to thirty.”

ALEX EDGAR.—‘Mate him to two or three per week.”

Cc. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—‘About twenty-five cows. We figure that we cannot afford not to get some good from the young bull.”

E. B. THOMAS.—“Twenty to thirty.”

A. J. RYDEN.—‘I should prefer not to let a young bull run with the cows. With one service to the cow he can handle quite a good number.”

WM. MILNE.—“Our experience has been that a bull of that age can stand a wonderful lot of service if you handle him properly. I would say three cows a week.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—‘‘Properly cared for, a bull can serve thirty cows the first year. Having calves come all months of the year is better for the bull.”

FRANK BROWN.—‘From twenty to twenty-five.”

TOMSON BROS.—‘Twenty-five.”

Has it been your observation that bulls weighing at maturity in excess of 2,300 or 2,400 Ibs. have proven as good breeders as bulls weighing less than 2,200 or 2,300 Ibs.?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“Our ob- servation is that bulls weighing 2,200 to 2,300 lbs. prove the most uniform breeders.”

J. C. ANDREW.—‘No experience.”

JOHN GARDEN.—‘The smaller bulls have proven the best breeders, but there are exceptions.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—“Think bulls under 2,400 ibs. are more desirable than those weighing more.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—‘Has not.”

July 1, 1918

EBEN BEB. JONES.—“Our experience has been that bulls weighing around 2,000 lbs. prove themselves the best sires.”

J. R. RABY.—‘‘No.”

GEO. SIM.—‘2,300 to 2,500 Ibs. at ma- turity.” Avs

ALEX EDGAR.—“Around 2,200 Ibs. seems to be standard. Most of them could be made to weigh 2,400 lbs.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—‘‘From our observation we see very little differ- ence.”

E. B. THOMAS.—“As a rule we rather favor bulls weighing under 2,300 Ibs. at maturity. Our experience proves that they have been the best all- around breeders, although one of our greatest breeding bulls finally attained the weight of over 2,700 lbs.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—“It is our ob- servation that bulls weighing less than 2,400 lbs. have proven to be better sires.”

A. J. RYDEN.—“The best bulls I have known have been the medium sized bulls not to exceed 2,300 lbs.”

Re oe SCOTT “No?

WM. MILNE.—“The small and compact breeding bull weighing around 2,000 lbs. in ordinary condition is my pref- erence. Their calves generally mature earlier than those sired by bulls of more scale.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—‘We prefer the medium size bulls.”

FRANK BROWN.—‘No.”

TOMSON BROS.—“Our observation has been in favor of the latter.”

Is it your practice to keep a bull in service as long as he is useful, or do you favor disposing of him after several years’ use, even though he may be a worthy sire?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“It is our practice to keep a bull in service as long as he is useful if he is a worthy sire.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“Keep him until he dies.”

JOHN GARDEN.—‘“It all depends on how many of his get are retained in the herd, but believe it the best pol- icy to keep the bull, as a good calf will more than pay for his keep.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—“To build up a herd would prefer to sell a bull after us- ing him several seasons, retaining his best heifers to use his successor on. From a money making standpoint would keep him and sell all calves.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—‘We favor Keeping a good sire as long as he lives.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“It is.”

EBEN E. JONES.—‘“‘We always Keep a bull, provided he proves himself a good sire, as long as we can.”

J. R. RABY.—“‘If an extra good sire, will not sell him.”

GEO. SIM.—“Keep as long as he will breed.”

ALEX EDGAR.—“By keeping the best heifers would have to change your herd bull in three or four years’ time.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“Keep the bull if he is a good sire as long as he is a breeder.”

E. B. THOMAS.—“We have made the mistake of allowing a real sire to get away from us. Hereafter a worthy sire will remain in the herd as long as he remains a breeder.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—“As long as a bull is worthy to be kept in the herd, preferring to keep two or three rather than lose the services of an outstanding sire.”

A. J. RYDEN.—“If one has a herd of considerable size it certainly is good policy to keep the good breeding bull as long as he is useful.”

R. H. SCOTT.—‘If he is getting out- standing calves we keep him as long as he is useful.”

WM. MILNE.—‘A good breeding bull is entitled to die on the farm where he has done his good work. Even in his declining years he should quit breed- ing. I do not advise sending him to the butcher,”

E. OGDEN & SON.—‘We have always disposed of our bull after one year’s service. We have secured considera- ble publicity and so far have been able to find a better bull each time. We plan to keep our present bull and develop some calves before disposing of him.”

FRANK BROWN.—‘“Keep him as long as he proves a good sire.”

TOMSON BROS.—‘“We prefer to keep a good breeding bull.”

Have you observed that most bulls sire better females than they do males, or the reverse?

EK. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—“Our ob- servation is that most bulls sire bet- ter females than males.”

J. GC. ANDREW.—“Yes.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“As a rule there are very few bulls that get both sexes good, but several of our good breed- ing bulls have been good breeders of both sexes.”

J, A. KILGOUR.—‘“Think heifers are much easier to develop than bulls. Think this accounts for herd bulls apparently siring better heifers than bulls.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—‘“Most bulls sire better females than males.”

W. C. ROSENBERGER.—“‘With the bulls used in our herd there is prac- tically no difference.”

EBEN E. JONES.—“Yes.”

J. R. RABY.—“I think most bulls sire better females than they do males.” GEO. SIM.—‘From experience we find here about equal, with preference to

bulls.”

ALEX EDGAR.—“Taking into consider- ation all bulls, I have noticed no no- ticeable difference.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—‘Some bulls sire better females than males. As a general rule we think about equal in the average herd.”

E. B. THOMAS.—“Our observation has led us to believe that bulls that sire both males and females of a high

Courtesy J. H. Seeley, Mt. Pleasant, Utah.

Shorthorns and Grades Under Range Conditions in Utah

character are scarce. Some possess the faculty of siring high class bulls, others heifers.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—“We have ob- served that most bulls sire better fe- males than males.”

A. J. RYDEN.—“‘It appears to be easier to get together a bunch of good fe- males than a bunch of bulls. I some- times think it is mainly owing to the

females being more easily condi- tioned.” Ry oe SCOml—_"“Yes?"

WM. MILNE.—‘“‘There are very few bulls that have sired better bulls than females, but I think there are a few that have done it, namely, Whitehall Sultan, Avondale, Cumberland Mar- shal, Villager and Choice Goods.”

BE. OGDEN & SON.—“‘I have always felt that the reasons most bulls are cred- ited with siring better females than males is that more skill is required in developing a bunch of bull calves, and that they do not all have the proper chance.”

FRANK BROWN.—“In most cases they sire better females.”

TOMSON BROS.—‘“More bulls sire good females than males.”

Do you often find one whose calves are of equal merit whether males or females?

E. J. THOMPSON & SONS.—‘“‘We do not recall but few whose calves are of equal merit, whether male or fe- male.”

J. C. ANDREW.—“Very seldom.”

JOHN GARDEN.—“Yes.”

J. A. KILGOUR.—“Yes.”

LESLIE SMITH & SONS.—‘No, we haven’t.”

W. Ge often.”

EBEN E. JONES.—“Yes, we have had bulls during our experience as breed- ers that were as good sires of one as the other.”

J. R. RABY.—“‘No.”

GEHO. SIM.—“Yes.”

ALEX EDGAR.—“Yes.”

C. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“Yes.”

E. B. THOMAS.—“Not often.”

D. WARNOCK & SONS.—“Occasional- ly

ROSENBERGER.—“No, not

A. J. RYDEN.—‘Not often. I have known of such, namely, Potts’ Duke of Richmond and Arthur Johnston’s Indian Chief.”

R. H. SCOTT.—‘Not often.”

WM. MILNE.—‘I expect that Avondale and Villager came as near getting calves of equal merit as any other bulls, to my knowledge.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—‘Not qualified to answer intelligently.”

FRANK BROWN.—“Occasionally.”

TOMSON BROS.—‘No.”

Have you any further suggestions to offer in the general management of a breeding herd?

JOHN GARDEN.—“‘Don’t be stingy with the feed. Too many breeders are spoiling good cattle for want of a little extra oats or corn. About as bad as the short rations is the lack of a good bed of straw. It is aston- ishing how some breeders give their cattle plenty to eat and expect them to do well on the cold, damp ground, especially the young calves. I would rather be short on feed than straw.”

EBEN EF. JONES.—‘Every breeding herd should be tuberculin tested once @ year and every animal brought into it should be tested before bringing. In case of contagious abortion all aborters should be kept from the well cows. Cattle should have barns well ventilated and lighted and should have clean quarters.”

Cc. H. PRESCOTT & SONS.—“Plenty of fresh air and exercise and the cows in moderate flesh. Do not be afraid to feed the young stock.”

EK. B. THOMAS.—“The general policy of keeping the breeding cows in strong. thrifty condition, largely through the use of luxuriant pastures, roughage and ensilage, never allow- ing the bull calves to want for good, muscle-building, growing feeds, keep- ing the heifers gaining from calfhood to maturity, coupled with plenty of exercise, fresh air, pure water and clean stabling, with constant atten- tion to details, will result in a busi- ness that will afford the owner a world of pleasure and satisfaction as well as a return of liberal cash profits.”

A. J. RYDEN.—“It is a hard matter for anyone to lay down a rule for man- aging a herd of pure-bred cattle that would be acceptable to all. My plan and the plan of some of the most successful breeders I have known is to keep the entire herd in the finest condition possible, the condition that would enable one to put them in the auction ring at any moment or the show ring, with the assurance of mak- ing a creditable showing.”

WM. MILNE.—“‘There is one thing that should be impressed upon all breed- ers, to pay particular attention to their cows when in season. So many cows have gone barren by being neglected several times while they are in season. We have sixty-one calves under 10 months of age and not one cow on the farm that is not breeding. That seems strange, but nevertheless it is true, but we did it by paying particular attention to our cows when in season.”

E. OGDEN & SON.—“The success of a breeding herd depends on the num- ber and merit of calves produced. The nearer we keep to Nature’s way, the more successful will be our opera- tions. We pay too little attention to the supply of milk and feed too much ‘hot’ feed to take its place. A cow should give enough milk to grow a calf fat up to 5 months of age. Few do. Heifer calves should be grown on bulky feeds, mainly hay and silage, with some oats and bran. Our cows would last longer if cared for in this

way. Because of nis more active dis- position the bull calf needs more grain, but the best and safest feed is milk.”

FRANK BROWN.—“Keep the young stock gaining until maturity.”

To Fit a Show SJ£erd

BY W. E. WIEDEBURG, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Neb.

In an undertaking of this kind we must consider many things such as a good herdsman, barns or equipment, care of herd, exercise, milk for calves and feeding.

The herdsman in demand is a man with a complete knowledge of cattle and their habits, and one who can use his head in an emergency. If he, has a knowledge of veterinary he is much more desirable. In addition he should be able to mix a feed and administer it in a way that puts an animal to the top of the class in condition, quality of con- dition, and bloom.

The barn should be arranged in such a way as to aid the herdsman to do his work quickly in order to have more time to spend on the herd. The stalls should be made level, bedded well, and kept clean. The barn should be kept in its highest state of cleanliness, to aid in keeping down flies, disease, and par- asitic insects. It is a good plan to darken the windows, thereby keeping out the direct rays of the sun, and also tending to keep out flies. This should not be done to a sufficient extent to stop ventilation. Cattle benefit from and re- quire fresh air as well as do people.

The animals should be groomed at least once a day, and twice if time per- mits, but it is not best to get them on their feet too often. The use of the brush is the instrument that brings the best results. The comb is only good for straightening the hair, and also remov- ing the course material such as straw. Washing the cattle is essential as it loosens up the hide, opens the pores, and takes the dirt and grit from the hide and hair. The feet should be taken care of as no animal shows to advant- age on poor feet. Not only the toes should be trimmed off at the ends, but the soles should be pared as well. In keeping the horns down to the surface, they can be shaped properly, using weights if necessary. If the animal is patchy or has a tendency to have rolls, massaging with the hands or smooth round stick will take these undesirable conformations away.

All animals should have exercise. Turning them out in lots at night in the summer time will give some enough ex- ercise. The others should be led daily in the cool of the evening or early in the morning. Along with this exercise, they should be taught to pose correctly.

It is not necessary to let any animals above the senior calves or junior year- lings nurse. These should be supplied with good nurse cows.

Now we come to the most difficult phase of the question and the particular, in which so many fall short, namely, feeding so as to give the best results. This takes the right kind of a mixture,

The Shorthorn in America

at the right time and fed in the right way. The feeds that constitute a good mixture are ground corn, ground oats, bran, oil meal, alfalfa meal, steamed barley, brown sugar or molasses and salt. The brown sugar or molasses dis- solved in water, boiling water in winter, is poured over the other mixture and mixed thoroughly. This should be fed three times a day and four times a day to certain individuals. While on the train going to the shows it is best to feed a dry feed twice a day. Upon ar- riving at the show the best results are obtained by letting the herd rest a day, then wash all the animals and curl the ones that show best that way. Then you are ready for the show ring and your share of the ribbons.

From the Famous Feeder JOHN D. WATERS, Dawson, Ill.

Mr. Waters is one of the most suc- cessful steer feeders in the cornbelt. His annual exhibits at the International have claimed many prizes. He is a modest man, conservative in his expres- sions and therefore his terse statement presented herewith merits careful read- ing:

“I incline toward Shorthorns for their many splendid qualities. Breeding and feeding cattle, chiefly Shorthorns, has been my lifetime work from choice, but I have fed other breeds in the same lots, oftentimes, with the Shorthorns. I have found Shorthorns to be larger, growthier and more uniform with the same care.

“When it comes to the block and considered from the butcher’s stand- point, they will dress more pounds of higher priced cuts of meat than any other breed. Considered either from the butchers’ or the producers’ stand- point, they have no equal. In the Inter- national tests they nearly always dress out as large or a larger percentage.

“My methods of producing these show steers are simple. -I prefer the open pasture, with natural wind-breaks, and feed the products of my own central Illinois farm, barring a few exceptions. There cannot be any fixed rules for feeding. I do not follow the same plan exactly every season, yet I don’t stray far from it.

“Shorthorns as a breed are undoubt- edly the best producers of beef, milk and butter. They have such docile and kind dispositions. They are the most attract- ive, with their long, silky coats of hair and fine colors—red, white and roan.

“One thing that impresses me and should impress anyone who studies the cattle situation, is the vast amount of money invested in Shorthorns through- out the land. Some one has asserted that two-thirds of all the money in- vested in breeding cattle is invested in Shorthorns. There is, of course, no means of Knowing, but I believe the statement is not far from the facts. After my long experience in feeding cattle, I do not believe too much can be said in favor of the Shorthorn.”

July 1, 19018

33 W. J. Sayre

Bred Ikight amd Fed IRight “uci

AS an appendix to the article appear- ing in the SHORTHORN IN AMERICA of July 1, 1916, which said I had topped the market six years out of seven with my Shorthorn calves as baby beef, I will now say it should read eight years out of nine. I topped it last year 25c above any other steers and heifers for the day. Last year holds another com- parison of Shorthorn versus Herefords, As all of my friends know, I have been drifting from the grade, or unregistered, Shorthorns to registered cattle. It has now been fifteen years since I bought my first registered cow, and I have been selling the grades as they became old or lost their calves or any other reason until I do not have enough grade calves to make a load.

sold the Herefords 5c per hundred- weight. Don’t anybody say the Herefords

made the most money because I bought them by the pound. They gained less and sold for less money.

My calf feeding the past winter was just a little different from any of the others. I only had half a load, and as I am getting quite a number of the pure-bred calves I did not buy any.

I weaned them at the usual time, October 15, and got them to eating grain as usual, but instead of getting them to eating ten pounds of grain by Janu- ary 1st I held them at five pounds until about March ist. During all this time I fed them crushed corn, cob and all, but I always figure grain on a shelled

Roan Shorthorn Steers at the Nebraska University

A year ago last fall I had a chance to buy twelve of the very best Here- ford calves I have ever seen around

here. They were “crackers,” weighing 522 pounds. Absolutely no discount on them.

My own calves were a little later than usual. The calves were all fed together and done remarkably, and to look at them it looked like the big Herefords would be sure to win this time. (I might add here that the Herefords were built upon a Shorthorn foundation fif-

teen or twenty years back.) The Here- fords developed horns about a_ foot long, and sure got their share of the

feed, and of course the little fellows had to quit when the cleaning up com- menced,

When the final weight was summed up I was really surprised to find the big Herefords weighing over 1,000 pounds on average had gained twenty pounds less per head than the Shorthorn calves. I am sure the Herefords ate more corn. But the biggest surprise was when they were sold. The packers were wanting them heavy last year, and the steer man of the commission company sorted out the Herefords, expecting to sell them high, and turned the Shorthorns over to the butcher salesman, who out-

corn basis. I feed them a pound of pea- size cottonseed cake per head per day after January ist.

The market was so unsatisfactory most of the winter I was holding them back to market a little later than usual, and my guess was good. I commenced feeding them shelled corn March ist and they were soon eating ten to twelve pounds.

When I sold them, May 22, they weighed 873 pounds and had gained 447 pounds in 217 days, making a daily gain of 2.06 pounds per day for the entire period. Please bear in mind, I have always figured the weaning period in my feeding period. Mr. Cochel, for- merly of the experiment station, always just counts the time they are on full feed. The calves all sold straight, not a cut-out. There is nothing wrong in figuring it that way, but as I do not figure that way it makes a difference in the daily gain. They sold for $16.15, which was 75c higher than any others quoted. I saw the $15.40 yearlings and they were very good and almost the same weight as my own, and I might add here that Morris & Co. bought them for the fifth time out of the nine.

This year the pure-bred calves were just across the fence. They ate the

same hay and the same kind of grain and had the same care. They gained practically the same number of pounds on one-fourth the grain the fattening calves did. They were just as fat. None would have been cut out and I am sure would have made the whole bunch sell for more money, and when I have watched them all winter I will say my eyes are wide open to see the advantage of the pure-breds, so this fall I will sell all of the unregistered cows and next winter will probably be my last winter for baby beef. I am really sorry, as I like to see them eat, but my hair is getting frosty. The pure-breds will fill the pastures, and our boy is too young to take it up.

There is one thing I would like to impress on the beginner. I am one of the little fellows, I have never fed more than two loads and seldom more than one; but this advice will hold good any time: Start with as good cows as you ean find. Buy twice as good a bull as you think you can afford to buy (he will be cheap at that), and feed them as they should be fed; but don’t forget that a good bull is half the herd and a poor bull is all of it.

The market was quoted 40c to 50c lower the day I was on than it was the week before.

When I look the whole thing over, I really am very much impressed with the fact that they have topped it eight years out of nine, and the only reason they did not do it the ninth was because they were too heavy for that year. I do not claim any special credit as a feeder. Most any one that will use a little grey matter along with the feeds will do as well; but they must be bred right, and, of course, there is something in the way they must be fed.

Association Sales

BY D. E. MecMONIES, Secretary South Dakota Shorthorn Breeders’ Association

The man who is progressive enough to own a herd of good Shorthorns, is usually a “live wire,’ and with such material to build with, I see no prob- lems we cannot overcome. The most serious one I have had to meet is pro- crastination on the part of a few. Fail- ure to promptly return the consignment order to the sales manager cost our con- signors over $100 for extra advertising, To overcome this, the association must decide promptly to hold a sale. The sales manager must promptly secure his auctioneer. I wrote to an auction- eer over three weeks ago, but as yet have had no reply—procrastination.

The auctioneer secured and the date set, all members must be promptly noti- fied and consignment blanks set. Every member should promptly respond with at least one good individual if he has to go out and buy one to put in. Asso- ciation sales to be successful must not

be permitted to be made a dumping ground, but rather an advertising medium for the herd at home. Why spend hundreds of dollars advertising throughout the year in the numerous stock papers and then spoil it all by consigning an animal that will be a dis- credit to your herd at home, and a reflection on your judgment asa breeder. Wasn’t it good advertising when the Hopley Stock Farm consigned Village Clipper to the Congress sale? Results later proved it.

Do not enter your animals in the sale and get the benefit of all the advertising and then leave them at home. To over- come this, the sales manager should require at least $15 per head with the consignment order. If it@idoes!> not require that much, the balance will be returned when the proceeds are sent to the consignors.

Do not expect the sales manager to send you your money immediately. The chances are some advertiser may be procrastinating about sending in his bill, yes, even that is possible.

And now, the financial problem. If any business is worth running, it is worth financing properly. I say prop- erly because I mean sufficient funds to accomplish something. Advertising should be carried in the channels through which they reach your buyers. When an inquiry is received, every member should receive a copy of it immediately.

That requires stationery, postage and clerical work. Premiums should be awarded at the sales, the money fur- nished by the association, principally.

A membership fee of one dollar per year will not accomplish this. I would suggest a budget assessment. Let each

The Shorthorn in America

breeder be assessed in proportion to the business he does in a year, after esti- mating your requirements and _ pro- rating the assessment. That arrange- ment is being done successfully in com- mercial clubs, and I think can be in a livestock association.

A, Correction

An error occurred in the April ist number of this magazine in the report of the Minnesota Shorthorn Breeders’ sale held at South St. Paul, Minn., Janu- ary 5. We gave Superb Archer as the top of the sale. It should have been Sultan Selim, bred and sold by Leslie Smith & Sons, St. Cloud, Minn. The sale price was $1,525 and J. S. Billings & Sons, Fergus, Falls, Minn., the pur- chasers.

The $1000 List—March 13th to Jume 14th

It Is a Long List—and the Prices Are Consistent

DES MOINES, IOWA, MARCH 13 AND 14—IOWA SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ ASS’N SALE

Sunny Maid 10th 557043; Feb. 11, 1916; by Ruberta’s Goods 283807. Bred by H. Rees & Sons. Sold to M:;>W. Meyers, Beaman, Towa. ..-.e...-6- >. $1,050

MELBOURNE, IOWA, MARCH 21—M. L. ANDREWS

Merry Lass 223454, red; Dec. 14, 1913; by Count May- flower 352112. Bred by J. L. Reece, New Provi- dence,, Iowa. Sold to E. Ogden & Son, Maryille, Misso urd oS Poe oie nh cree slo ieleng seine 0s NES Sees $1,300

MANNING, IOWA, MARCH 22—GE0O. STRUVE & W. E. SUMMERVILLE Miss Ramsden 5th 209155, roan; July 12, 1912; by Baron Pride 275479. Bred by E. W. Harmon, Rhodes, Iowa. Sold to Uppermill Farm, Wapello, Iowa...$1,000

OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA., MARCH 26—J. R. WHISLER

Cumberland’s Type 2d 617664; Jan. 13, 1917; by Cum- berland’s Type 388132. Bred by C. A. Saunders. Soldsto) OC. Smith Marlow, Oklaeeemeres: > os $1,000

CEDAR RAPIDS, IOWA, MARCH 26—WM. HERKEL- MANN, ELWOOD, IOWA

Nonpareil Type 518788, roan; Jan. 9, 1916; by Cum- berland’s Type 3881382. Bred .by C. A. Saunders, Manilla, Iowa. Sold to J. W. McDermott, Ka- TOW aa MOse Reacercvecees el hcrorc’s eae srsheceh siglo eeetiore Renee iaile [sueiarane $1,300

SOUTH OMAHA, NEB., MARCH 26, 27, 29— H. C. McKELVIE, MANAGER

Orange Maid 4th 228395, roan; Sept. 9, 1914; by Athene Victor 5th 367221. Bred by O. A. Strahan, Malvern, Iowa. Sold to Hopley Stock Farm, Atlantic, Ia..$1,000

OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA., MARCH 26-29—OKLAHOMA SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION

Pleasant Dale 410830 (twin), roan; Feb. 19, 1914; by Lavender Lord 352818. Bred by H. C. Looka- baugh, Watonga, Okla. Sold to V. G. Hagaman, Oklahoma “Citys Ola. cs cere ceecie Ories Oeetele © rele eee $1,250

WAPELLO, IOWA, MARCH 27—WEAVER & GARDEN

Village Butterfly 500139, roan; Oct. 2, 1915; by Vil- lage Crest 387924. Bred by Uppermill Farm, Wa- pello, Iowa. Sold to J. K. Holmes, Center, Colo..$1,100 Queen Flora 133139, roan; Sept. 7, 1910; by Simon Pure 292346. Bred by Sandquist Bros., Oakland, Neb. Sold to W. D. Minton, Jonesville, Va..... 1,150 Fair Rosemary 4th 557551, roan; Nov. 3, 1915; by Cumberland Marshal 412384. Bred by J. W. Mc- Dermott, Kahoka, Mo. Sold to Loveland Stock Harm Mt Pleasant. Lowa acter cette: = cision 1,150 Phingask Beauty 651035, roan; May 15, 1915; by Mor- ton of Cluny 651031. Bred by Anthony Morrison, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Sold to Hopley Stock Harm, Atlanticw Lowa. ce screceieeim ete niet os cians 1,725 Graceful 6th 203211, white; Oct. 16, 1918; by Sul- tan’s Last 363468. Bred by H. O. Weaver, Wa- pello, Iowa. Sold to W. S. French, Farmington, LO Wi ooo ncuolerel eeeacias cites # seace.:5; NG aval palate Po RMR ete betons ome 2,300 Villager’s Graceful 2d 476752, white; Feb. 2, 1916; by Villager 295884. Bred by Uppermill Farm. Sold to Macmillan & Macmillan, Lodi, Wis........... 2,350

Orange Beauty 175494 ,roan; Jan. 30, 1912; by Lord Hampton 308951. Bred by Miller & Northey, Mor- ley, Iowa. Sold to G. H. Burge, Mt. Vernon, Iowa. 1,325 Lily Dale 3d 175175 and be, red; Sept. 15, 1912; by Orange Avon 342362. Bred by W. J. McLean, Rock Valley, Iowa. Sold to James Duncan & Son, Osborne: MOM eerie a taeteieke cis ee ane suscse speteassevels eneicerese 1,200 Happy Pride 3d 152110 and cc, r. l. w.; June 15, 1912; by Courtier 5th 277599. Bred by Owens Bros., Homestead, Iowa. Sold to Floyd C. Anderson, OMAR TII Ee Setssnrverorstetetet cust oeisve sce tere: cutee! a, ncceohovelc eestare 1,175 Maurine 161470, red; May 28, 1912; by Morning Star 206060. Bred by H. S. & W. B. Duncan, Clear- field, Iowa. Sold to HE. E. Francis, Sterling, Va. 1,300 Devergoil Queen 2d 187058 and cc, red; May 18, 1913; by Sultan 3d 278292. Bred by E. B. Thomas, Au- dubon, Iowa. Sold to G. W. Smith, Paullina, Iowa. 1,100 Silence 133260, red; April 9, 1910; by Morning Star 206060. Bred by H. S. & W. B. Duncan. Sold to ahi EE ad satel eV ou Kephted tartorci tia ci qa LICR. CIORRCRCS Coco RES carer 1,625 Rosemary 23d 138974 and be, red; May 12, 1910; by Victor Missie 322606. Bred by Wm. M. Smith & Sons, West Branch, Iowa. Sold to H. F. Bruner, O Chey eda “LOW Aa cederiersiels eles css eteue ere sittcele sete sinus teueiie nie 1,100 Elsie Maynard (vol. 62, p. 878E), roan; May 24, 1915; by Evening Star (115331). Bred by W. C. Hunter, Perthshire, Scotland. Sold to Fred Wiley, Mount [Oma eva eel Kaye eect Seca .n oh: 0’) SOE CRUCO ROC OR en aI ieee re 1,800 Roan Beauty 3d 232333 and cc, roan; May 20, 1914; by Sultan’s Crown 363114. Bred by J. M. Wolfe, Washington, Iowa. Sold to Rhynas & Wells, Stock port LOWamr aire crew eo lo le nuelw ele sie enehe Sere 1,025 Victoria Blossom 211002 and ce, red; May 24, 1915; by Village Champion 369807. Bred by George J. Dickison, Sault Ste. Marie, Mich. Sold to Black BLO Mee NIMS WOLLH MLO Well acid cere aivis sree eee le sic 1,100 Villager’s Maurine 556786, r. w. m.; Sept. 20, 1916; by Villager 295884. Bred by Uppermill Farm. Sold LOE Ee viCCabenmWiiUkon: sloweemccr ire ce crises 1,650 Village Countess 504054, roan; July 23, 1915; by Vil- lager 295884. Bred by Uppermill Farm. Sold to Bellows) Bros wlaryavallen MiOnpecicte s ccisie close cre cree che 2,200 Roan Princess 218946, roan; Nov. 1, 1914; by Fair Acres Gloster 385760. Bred by J. A. Kilgour, Sterling, Ill. Sold to Rhynas Sons & Wells..... 1,625 Mae Lavender 2d 493075, roan; Oct. 24, 1915; by Cum- berland’s Royal 2d 387051. Bred by Wm. M. Smith & Sons. Sold to J. K. Holmes, Center, Colo..... 1,375 Lady of the Valley 10th 579343, roan; Oct. 22, 1915; by Nonpareil Ramsden 579287. Bred by Kyle Bros., Drumbo, Ont., Can. Sold to Wm. Schoeltz, Schuy- Cat N 2) OEE OS ory 3. OOO CSI 6 AEG Ie el ai aitaets 1,025 Bonnie Butterfly 581803, roan; Jan. 8, 1917; by Gain- ford Champion 410269. Bred by C. L. McClellan, Lowden, Iowa. Sold to R. N. Marshall, Ollie, Ia. 1,425 Victoria Mine 602139, roan; Sept. 3, 1916; by Ring- master 299782. Bred by E. M. Parsons & Son, Carroll, Iowa. Sold to L. A. Garls, Mt. Pleasant, TOW: Aa crake ne Reo iaetelc einen ctere ate a 1,350 Roan Gladness 2d 617137, roan; Sept. 10, 1916; by Red Knight Jr. 390387. Bred by John Rasmess, Lake City, Iowa. Sold to J. W. Rickey & Son, Win- fil; TLOWa Mtns eee ce othe «ise cee nearer e 1,000

July 1, 1918

Leslie’s Secrecy 501989, roan; Dec, 14, 1915; by Village Star 367815. Bred by Leslie Farms, Pekin, Ill. sold to Bacon & Mullany, Waterloo, Iowa......

Graceful 2d 209221, roan; Aug. 29, 1914; by Cumberland Again 370944. Bred by H. S. & W. B. Duncan. Sold to J. T. Highbarger, Bridgewater, S. D....

Villager’s Admiral 556783, white; Sept. 10, 1916; by Villager 295884. Bred by Uppermill Farm. Sold tomlas KeaWalsonushickley, Nebiaocease amen

Sultan’s Last 363468, roan; March 24, 1911; by White- hall Sultan 163573. Bred by F, W. Harding, Wau- kesha, Wis. Sold to R. A. Freeto, Cheney, Kan..

FAIRFIELD, IOWA, MARCH 28 AND 29— MAASDAM & WHEELER

D Augusta Favorite 239769, red; May 1, 1915; by Proud Marshal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Sold) to Krizer Bros, Hddyville, Towa. ......0040- Clara D. 578155, roan; April 17, 1916; by Proud Mar- shal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Sold

to Rhynas Sons & Wells, Stockport, Iowa....... Golden Bloom 2d 497349, roan; Jan. 28, 1916; by Proud Marshal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Sold to G. J. Theiss & Son, Rembrandt, Iowa.... Golden Bloom 3d 575810, red; Jan. 3, 1917; by Proud Marshal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Soldgtos Gusdae Chess) GaeSone os see seer Imp. Golden Bloom 197668 and cc, roan; May 8, 1911; by Dunglass Rover 422715. Bred by Wm. Ander- son, Old Meldrum, Scotland. Sold to Blair Bros., DAayEOn Me LO WAP eer alee cis cs <s0s 0, atone cere e oie sere errr ors Augusta May 148526, roan; May 28, 1910; by Justice 259071. Bred by R. M. Skillen, Greene, Iowa. Sold tombe Ordenmacn Son, Mary-villewMlOnae ae scene Augusta Maid 476599, roan; Sept. 14, 1915; by Proud Marshal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Soldstomnhynase SLOs:,) Stockport, LO wa seesercens Diamond Beauty 575809, roan; Jan. 18, 1917; by Royal Diamond 449923. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Sold to W. H. Scruton & Son, Ellsworth, Wis.. Proud Blinkbonny 2d 575812, white; Jan. 5, 1917; by Royal Diamond 449923. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler, Fairfield, Iowa. Sold to W. S. French,

HA ATTIATTN SC OT ye LOWE meta cocerertiay s so s-olevarel eevee Nene on sla erstahe Clara M. 515793, roan; Sept. 23, 1915; by Proud Mar- shal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Sold COMEUD YMA Sie LST OSeererarsra crerstere: o's, «1 oie ace: Sie nearer ere te Cumberland Jealousy 466632, roan; March 15, 1914; by Royal Cumberland 5th 379277. Bred and owned

by S. S. Spangler, Milan, Mo. Sold to William ELOLSChami pa Salemi LOW cee cite aime chemicteree enters Clara C. 639767, roan; April 20, 1917; by Royal Dia- mond 449923. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Sold

Com weN evans hall ae@llie.™ LO Wace. ices ce steers eels ls te Clipper 5th 242776 (twin), roan; Aug. 20, 1914; by Hopeful Cumberland 392004. Bred by Jos. Miller

& Son, Granger, Mo. Sold to C. B. Baldwin, ITC OTICKAEL O Wardle eeiacis ews ce O Mole Saleceereie ae ee Pine Grove Clipper 17th 204112, roan; Oct. 28, 1911; by Mysie’s Governor 342124. Bred by W. C. Ed- wardsmoznCo-. nRockland,, Ont, Can, ~Sold)to, Ca J. MeMastersrAl toma LIU Satis «oleic: soveteveie'« sis)isie sisis cislersne Imp. Roan Blinkbonny 242791, roan; Dec. 10, 1911; by imp. King’s Jubilee 422717. Bred by Robt. Ander- son, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Sold to C. B. Bald-

by imp. Royal Stamp 410885. Bred by Wm. An- derson, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Sold to G. J. Abas: Ce Stora 1e(cwaanenach® Mowiiogadaccougsaochuac Imp. Irwin Claret 197742, white; April 16, 1914; by King’s Ring 422772. Bred by Robt. Anderson, Old Meldrum, Scotland. Sold to Rhynas Bros., Jr... Imp. Red Blinkbonny 197680, red; Dec. 10, 1911; by imp. King’s Jubilee 422717. Bred by Robt. Ander- son, Old Meldrum, Scotland. Sold to M. L. An- CEGWiS MVLC LO OUTIMC NEEL O Wialeiers ¢ « o eusteleierslclelsrerer retin erehelolielie Clipper 5th 242776 (twin), roan; Aug. 20, 1914; by Hopeful Cumberland 392004. Bred by Jos. Miller

& Sons, Granger, Mo. Sold to C. B. Baldwin... Lily Augusta 124003, white; April 23, 1909; by Hsti- mator 2457838. Bred by R. M. Skillen, Greene, Homa, Stollel tx Ch 1Es leeNGhyahes cooccrop sn ongo Goo UN +

: Lady Wonder 2d 172749, roan; Sept. 20, 1918; by Fair S Knight 2d 350285. Bred by H. G. McMillan & Sons, Rock Rapids, Iowa. Sold to W. B. Bonni-

Ma, Oviraihye, UO ooocnnspeodcpo cs Owooous ese Verbena 2d 126309, red; Jan. 18, 1910; by Village Archer 305469. Bred by George Rubis, Terril, lowa. Sold to F. C. Barber & Son, Skidmore, Mo...... Golden Sunbeam 3d 62023, roan; Jan. 19, 1909; by Blythe Baron 291256. Bred by W. H. Dunwoody, Minneapolis, Minn. Sold to Don Robison, Pekin, Tk, cuscrato pce aero Ob BBOSs Ob DEEOEG ODOC o eGo Gods Lady Victoria 212506, red; April 18, 1914; by Ceremo- nious Crown 355618. Bred by John M. Blotz & Sons, Dodgeville, Wis. Owned by Herr Bros. & Reynolds, Lodi, Wis. Sold to Ben R. Roth, Way- iPGh UO coochocegoudoo gUmeDD occ lube Ooi oO OIC

1,250

1,025

2,000

1,775

1,025

1,000

1,400

1,000

2,275

3,100

2,000

1,500

1,400

1,600

1,200

A i7

Augusta Rose 62033, red; July 6, 1906; by Prince Ger- ald 144063. Bred by Geo. Thurman, Anita, Iowa. SOldmtCOmC se bar alldiw ilies aeimpiieieaiiet cs «te eae oe) ieievetere 1,100 Rosewood 39th 176818, red; June 1, 1912; by Avon- dale 245144. Bred by Carpenter & Ross, Mans- meiol, Ouig, we Solel wo Cl. I. ieWGhwattooonncoocouac 2,650 Morning Rose 3d 135470, roan; Dec. 24, 1910; by Major Sultan 308952. Bred by M. E. Jones, Williams- ville, I. Sold to J. W. Rhynas, Stockport, Iowa. 1,400 Village Beauty 2d 198044, roan; July 10, 1913; by Vil- lager 295884. Bred by C. A. Saunders, Manilla, lovwals _ Stoel titey (Eh, Wi, Stool nico onnodancaguaddss 1,000 Butterfly Sultana 122283, roan; Jan. 19, 1912; by Lake- wood Sultan 270041. Bred by H. G. McMillan & Sons, Rock Rapids, Iowa. Sold to Chas. Miller.. 1,050 Princess May 515797, red; Nov. 18, 1915; by Proud Mar- shal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler, Fair- field. Iowa. Sold to Etherley Stock Farm....... 1,000 Lakewood Emma 5th 107560, red; Oct. 2, 1910; by Morning Joy 198620. Bred by H. G. McMillan & Sons, Rock Rapids, Iowa. Sold to F. C. Barber SEMIS OMS tere a, cree casas ee etnctees sued SEA a te aoa sia Intenso a teh oneranens 1,075 Lakewood Beauty 4th 36529, red; March 20, 1907; by Morning Joy 198620. Bred by H. G. McMillan, Rock Rapids, Iowa. Sold to M. Shivers, Knox- Vue MO Wa... . ic cere et rete rte terete Serhcha sei chapee ete 1,025 Pavonia Star 135448, red; Nov. 30, 1911; by Royal Pavonia 342588. Bred by F. Wolf & Son, Ottawa, Lane SOld! (toni vias hivicrSeearieee eric eer eatin 1,075 Imp. Proud Marshal 422720, roan; Nov. 19, 1912; by imp. Royal Stamp 410885. Bred by Wm. Ander- son, Old Meldrum, Scotland. Sold to Rhynas Sons EAViclISaS LOCK p Ort OWiaeteaieiiun ciliate aeons 5,100 Imp. Royal Diamond 449923, white; June 1, 1914; by Proud Ian 449922. Bred by Wm. Anderson, Aber- deenshire, Scotland. Sold to Rhynas Bros., Jr... 6,300 Marshal’s Favorite 567236, roan; Oct. 2, 1916; by Proud Marshal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Sold to Albert Webster, Frost, Minn............ 1,225 Proud Emperor 497347, white; Jan. 26, 1916; by Proud Marshal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Sold to Studor & Huber, Wesley, Iowa.......... 1,600 Proud Diamond 575896, roan; Jan. 16, 1917; by Proud Marshal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Sold to J. F. Heiberger, Bridgewater, S. D....... 1,550 Diamond Stamp 575803, roan; Feb. 12, 1917; by Royal Diamond 449923. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Sold@tomr: A. Creek) (Genoa. oNebseeecccene eee 1,000 Merry Villager 645891, roan; Oct. 4, 1917; by Villager 295884. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Sold to He Caress, Stoutsvallews Viorel cei eeicreren rice 1,000

SPRINGFIELD, MO., MARCH 30—SOUTHWEST MISSOURI SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION

Orange Crest 13th 182297 and cc, red; Oct. 23, 1911; by Orange Model 317228. Bred by W. A. Better- idge, Pilot Grove, Mo. Sold to W. A. McMehan, Wier lnuteGrovess: M Os prepare viais cote ete erenecraate cette $1,095

KANSAS CITY, MO., APRIL 3 AND 4—CENTRAL SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION

Ravenswood Lady 2d 658802, roan; Nov. 20, 1916; by Majestic Viscount 456694. Bred and owned by C. E. Leonard, Bunceton, Mo. Sold to F. I. Bee tS a earn Be drei Siem Socata Mts en OEE RC ERR tte 1,250 Maisie 7th 213324 and be, red; Sept. 10, 1912; by The Goods 282952. Bred and owned by J. R. Evans & Bros., Maryville, Mo. Sold to Harriman Bros., Pilots Grove,, MOswcce cme ie wre oe ee eee cterene cree ieee 1,010 August Dale 556835, roan; Feb. 27, 1917; by Matchless Dale 291600. Bred and owned by Kansas State Agr. College, Manhattan, Kan. Sold to C. Dur- TOCty eViansh alle IM On cecmrecuvectacie cuuerotactersietets sakes 1,000

COFFEYVILLE, KAN., APRIL 5—SOUTHEAST KANSAS BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION

Helen 51st 511241 and ce, red; June 11, 1915; by Se- eret Story 511219. Bred by John McKenzie & Son, Columbus, Ont., Can. Sold to Warner & Burns, INO Waita;, p Okla. My cotete tetera oma sveeieisra coats erere aien el otsaiee $1,000 CAMBRIDGE, NEB., APRIL 5—W. E. McKILLIP

Gloster’s Glory 2d 529462, roan; March 29, 1916; by Village Beau 397715. Bred) by.» O. A. Strahan, Malvern, Iowa. Owned by S. L. Carver & Son, Cambridge, Neb. Sold to A. H. Benjamin & Co.,

FATA DAN OSM NG Da uetsteteretucterecelette wie ie: ¢.3.cstuel s seals: se cael ones $1,010 CAMBRIDGE, NEB., APRIL 6—A. C. SHALLENBERGER AND THOMAS ANDREWS

Mary Mist 457799 and cc, white; June 17, 1915; by Scotch Mist 385127. Bred by Thomas Andrews, Cambridge, Neb. Owned by Thomas Andrews, Jr., Cambridge, Neb. Sold to F. B. Kerr, Farnam, Neb. 1,000

HURON S.D., APRIL 10—SOUTH DAKOTA SHORTHORN

BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION

Primrose Pride 582066, red; June 17, 1916; by Anoka Cupbearer 370141. Bred and owned by A. W. Carey, Waverly, S. D. Sold to Fred Hess, Clarks,

SE Dore Scstat ne ihe lie ce oan teed het dea Sey dataeceaens $1,025

SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., APRIL 11—CALIFORNIA SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION

Rookwood Monogram 549588, roan; March 14, 1916; by British Monogram 446394. Bred by C. F. Cur- tiss, Ames, Iowa. Owned by W. M. Carruthers, Mayfield, Cal. Sold to John Rossiter, San Fran- CISCO cs OAR Mare oie a.5 vaste acca masse. O iene STORM cea crore $2,000

Mayflower 473085, roan; Sept. 27, 1915; by Sultan Mayflower 402251. Bred by Leslie Smith & Sons, St. Cloud, Minn. Owned by W. M. Carruthers. Soldwtomsohn VROSSILEr ss yerciserciarstetelsicisne tert neteers ote 1,500

Mayflower 20th 475392, red; May 14, 1915; by Augusta Baron 392270. Bred by W. H. Miner, Chazy, New York. Owned by W. M. Carruthers. Sold to John IRIN? Hog nno d0o4 ROCIO ODDO Gem OCD ODD opm T0H OOO 1,450

Barco Duchess 495523, roan; Oct. 27, 1915; by Wall- hurst Goods 389351. Bred by Frank Melugin, Reeds, Mo. Owned by W. M. Carruthers. Sold HO J OHMEROSSItCT cre cen lees ie eis sisi tel erect eee teens 1,200

REMBRANDT, IOWA, APRIL 23—G. J. THEISS & SON

Duchess of Gloster 2d 171024 and be, red; Jan. 25, 1912; by Burwood Sultan 306561. Bred by S. A. Nelson. Sold to A. D. Flintom, Kansas City, Mo.$1,000

Proud Rose 476600 and be, roan; Sept. 6, 1915; by imp. Proud Marshal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler, Fairfield, Iowa. Sold to Owen Kane, Wisner WINGD wast dicts merce ois ante Gres Gieielstoeieniete iors craters 1,900

Augusta 218058 and be, red; May 20, 1913; by Non- pareil C. 351166. Bred by H. H. Lorimor, Lori- MOMs lOway oSOldy ton OWenmiamere acesteriene erie 1,400

Myrtle Hampton 226792 and cc, roan; March 25, 1914; by Sovereign H. 348049. Bred by E. Moore & Son, West Liberty, Iowa. Sold to O. S. Ferry & Son, Cavour, Si) o Divtred seco clsdie casislste Se eis Cereieens ane aie 1,400

Imp. Bright Rose 14th (121801), red; May 10, 1915; by President of the Mint (109670). Bred by Lady Catheart, Cluny Castle, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Owned by Miller Bros., Britt, Iowa. Sold to. E.

Wer Childs a Liartine tommiNe bn cetceire aati Rites 1,000

Rosewood Maid 223019 and be, red; June 24, 1915; by Nonpareil C. 351166. Bred by H. H. Lorimor. Soldtor J. Ruwe; Looper Nebreereeiee seine: 1,600

Village Blossom 192156, roan; July 17, 1913; by Vil- lager Omega 367938. Bred by J. A. Daniels, Wil- liamsburg, Iowa. Sold to Robt. Mitchell, Jasper,

IN Biba) set enemies bigs ce cea Rr Rent SN isn IO 0 AREER Oe 1,000

Edgewood Viola 178339 and cc, roan; Feb. 26, 1912; by Missie Pride 264875. Bred by E. M. Parsons &

Son, Carroll, Iowa. Sold to Fred Wurdeman, Wisner NeW. core ates eis chet eccemiets rete, see 1,000

Sweet Brier F. 169154 and ce, red; June 8, 1912; by Perfection Marshal] 339909. Bred by John Rasmess,

Lake City, Iowa. Sold to Sullivan Bros., Bur- Dan AS Disetenctetere o.5 cin etese-8 are sisteloteiee Aeeeietes ore eee 1,100

Victoria 2d 129882 and cc, red; July 6, 1911; by Young Nonpareil 286349. Bred by John Rasmess, Lake City, Iowa. Sold to A. D. Flintom, Kansas City,

M Og Aeoeaes Gale acane Cite wane bois OG See Ree oe eee 1,275

SIOUX CITY, IOWA, APRIL 24—J. B. McMILLAN, ROCK RAPIDS, IOWA

Imp. Sally 130703 and be, roan; May 27, 1915; by Merry Matadore 112930. Bred by Geo. Anderson, West Fingask, Old Sneldrum, Aberdeenshire. Sold to BaOsdens& Sony Maryvilles ilo. se eee eee $1,325

Lovat Princess 3d 81236and cc, red; Nov. 30, 1909; by Morning Joy 198620. Bred by H. G. McMillan & Sons, Rock Rapids, Iowa. Sold to A. A. Raust Se Son Hull Slo wa stews cs seein mitre etre cree 1,025

Lovat Sultana 139209 and ce, roan; Oct. 2, 1912; by Lakewood Sultan 270041. Bred by H. G. McMillan & Sons. Sold to Owen Kane, Wisner, Neb..... 1,225

Lady Secret 59478, roan; Feb. 3, 1909; by Lakewood Sultan 270041. Bred by H. G. McMillan & Sons.

Sold tov. Devries, Elli slowasese seen 1,200

Fair Butterfly 172740 and cc, roan; Sept. 8, 1913; by Fair Knight 2d 350285. Bred by H. G. McMillan & Sons. Sold to Chas. Brown, Marcus, Iowa..... 1,000

Village Butterfly 536930, white; April 20, 1916; by Vil- lage Chieftain 367811. Bred by Lakewood Farm, Rock Rapids, Iowa. Sold to Robinson & Son... 1,000

Lovely Lady 172750 and be, roan; Sept. 12, 1913; by Fair Knight 2d 350285. Bred by Lakewood Farm.

Sold) to Bellows) Brosae ancien cole eeiiets ac eet 1,100

SIOUX CENTER, IOWA, APRIL 25—H. E. DE VRIES & A. J. GROTENHUIS & SONS

Lady Annie 25th 463914, roan; July 26, 1915; by Glos- ter’s Victor 406727. Bred by George Struve, Man- ning, Iowa. Sold to C. A. Oldsen, Wall Lake, Ia.$1,000 St. Augustine 410310, roan; Sept. 15, 1913; by Barmp- ton Knight 148795. Bred by Tomson Bros., Car- bondale, Kan. Sold to Henry Mouw, Sioux Center, LOW Gi tia auoseteis ae yebvieyoie lene euaienaseaeier cue sane hele MEMES eugene 1,550

The Shorthorn in America

ATLANTA, IND., APRIL 25—O. C. LOWER & DR. GEO. C. WOOD

Imp. Princess Broadhooks 648417, red; April 27, 1915; by Collynie Golden Prince 648414. Bred by John Milne, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Sold to John Hie Owens a NODES Vall emma Gl seteieye ole eietaleriotetersleNelsiever= $1,475

Nonpareil Fine View 4th 121497 and cc, white; Nov.

15, 1911; by Diamond’s Pride 258868. Bred by Jay A. Smith, Ann Arbor, Mich. Sold to Foster & Shubert Carm eli ln dhyaeer rece eigen: cle me releserarensteicreneicns 1,350

Maxwalton Manor 473097, roan; Sept. 21, 1915; by Revolution 388359. Bred by Carpenter & Ross, Mansfield, Ohio. Sold to R. W. Oglesbee, James- BOs) LOM S cm godsodass copmooAr oon EnoE de douudoS.CAS

WHEATON, ILL., APRIL 26—THOS. STANTON

Mayflower Maisie 610684 and bc, red; Dec. 9, 1913; by Royal Seal 609048. Bred by Robt. Bruce, Aber- deenshire, Scotland. Sold to W. J. & : r MNOMAS mS Mel DY Vill Cwm oygteistes sieiec eiersicretsretsy etree laters $1,075

Lavender Wreath 6th 650239 and be, red; April 5, 1916; by Prince Clarion 607646. Bred by Geo. Campbell, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Sold to W. T. Frakes, Broken Arrow © klar cee cite catia mele sane siersene 1,400

Gay Rosewood 650234 and be, red; March 17, 1914; by Red Clipper 636239. Bred by Robt. Jamieson, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Sold@ato §1) Ogden; Maryville; tyMO dejecsrete ee otetees os ote oe ots ere Lia eee 1,175 Winifred 7th 223076 and be, red; May 20, 1914; by Rosewood Sultan 394671. Bred by A. J. Ryden, Abingdon, Ill. Sold to W. J. & B. A. Thomas.... 1,000

Brawith Blossom 2d 650224, roan; April 15, 1916; by Balnakyle Christmas Carol 636237. Bred by Robt. Jamieson, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Sold to W. J. Cee Acme HOMAS ae tieerpires taco oc cco tiaras Dieters creams 1,025

Marigold Maid 650240, red; May 29, 1916; by Baron Rosedale 609778. Bred by John Adams, Aber- deenshire, Scotland. Sold to W. J. & B. A.

FE TOMAS SperarereehereveerenelmenMenerets er slave cste sare aera elevoisra chat 1,175

Nonpareil Beauty 4th 650243, red; April 7, 1916; by Prince Clarion 607646. Bred by Geo. Campbell, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Sold to W. J. & B. A. THOMAS MOM sealer eee eee oe cas ore RE aes ee eee 1,050

Mildred Dainty 3d 526147, roan; Jan. 15, 1916; by Mildred’s Stamp 402466. Bred by Krizer Bros., Eddyville, Iowa. Sold to Ernst Bros., Tecumseh,

INCD Miho cee cae ear Oenpeteertis eit cetera ek hae secure 1,100

Cherry Blossom 5th 248294, red; March 3, 1913: by Bandsman 358322. Bred by R. Mitchell & Sons, Nelson, Ont., Can. Sold to M. E. Jones & Sons.. 1,025

SHENANDOAH, IOWA., Le al 30—ECONOMY STOCK

Diamond Beauty 153739 and cc, red; May 8, 1912; by Diamond Goods 333014. Bred by Grigsby & Barber, Skidmore, Mo. Sold to S. A, Nelson & Sons vlalcolm a eNebaaaeeeneeiacminc cites coe ee $1,350

SOUTH OMAHA, NEBR., MAY 1—HOWELL REES & SONS, PILGER, NEBR., W. E. PRITCHARD, WALNUT, IOWA

Lady Violet 8th 199786, roan; Sept. 9, 1914; by Ru- berta’s Goods 283807. Bred by H. Rees & Sons, Pilger, Neb. Sold to Dubes & Ohlson, Aurelia, TOW, a eceteke cecteie ee tscteiesiere ioieis Ginie Meanie ates cee es $2,575

Lady Violet 9th 576365, white; Jan. 16, 1917; by Ru- berta’s Goods 283807. Bred by H. Rees & Sons,

Sold to S. A. Nelson & Sons, Malcolm, Neb..... 1,300

berta’s Goods 283807. Bred by H. Rees & Sons.

Sold to W. M. Carruthers, Mayfield, Cal....... 1,375 Favorite Augusta 197741 and ce, roan; Aug. 23 ,1914;

by Royal Kear 367192. Bred by R. M. Skillen,

Greene, Iowa. Sold to Retzlaff Bros., Walton, Neb. 1,575 Good Maisie 562991, white; Sept. 18, 1916; by Ruberta’s

Goods 283807. Bred by H. Rees & Sons. Sold to

IDs 4 de, ETRE, IMO el MOMs cagaancodoooacs 1,350 Rosaline Goods 476578, roan; Oct. 9, 1915; by Ruberta’s

Goods 283807. Bred by H. Rees & Sons. Sold to

J. W, Dugan(& Son, Winesley, lowa..«c+..0)cleue 1,375 Rosaline Goods 2d 562993, roan; Nov. 15, 1916; by

Ruberta’s Goods 283807. Bred by H. Rees & Sons,

Sold to Wm. H. Torneten, Council Bluffs, Iowa.. 1,425 Imp. Daisy 9th 672008 and cc, roan; Jan. 2, 1912;

by Count Broadhooks 655614. Bred by J. Knox,

Ledingham, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Sold to W.

Gis Pritchard awW.alnitielowacemeracaionceaner means 1,675 Acanthus Maid 2d 192162; red; Feb. 18, 1912; by Vic-

tor Sultan 296335. Bred by L. R. White, Lexing-

ton, Neb. Sold to W. H. O’Gara, Laurel, Neb... 1,125 Lily of the Valley 591133, white; Nov. 27, 1914; by

Wanderer 576547, Bred by Jas. McIntosh, Sea-

forth, Ont., Can. Sold to A, R. Fennern, Avoca,

LO Was ia? Shetek pales stots che GRerene oe ote ee eee ae ae 1,000

July 1, 1918

Fair Lady Lancaster 2d 509973 and cc, roan; Oct. 25, 1915; by Sultan’s Monarch 380379. Bred by Cahill Bros., Rockford, Iowa. Sold to C. M. Stofferson, UAL A Tien LO Wicltarctoretetetahetttene tele!) «. «coteheianeies area aerate aie

Lady Violet 7th 180.78, white; Sept. 10, 1913; by Ru- berta’s Goods 283807. Bred by H. Rees & Sons. Sold to D. Warnock & Son, Loveland, Colo..... B

Village Broadhooks 466316 and cc, red; May 30, 1915: by Village Premier 408799. Bred by H. Rees & Sons. Sold to Nessen Bros., Lemoyne, Neb.......

Gloster Queen 4th 173625 and cc, roan; March 10, 1913; by Rebel Royal 325300. Bred by C. E. Bain, Taun- tonmOnt means OldstoeAd HR. Wennermsas seein

Lyndale Mayflower 466314, red; Sept. 3, 1914; by Dia- mond King 237456. Bred by HB. R. Silliman, Colo, Iowa. Sold to Owen Kane, Wisner, Neb.........

Cedar Lawn Lady 497523, roan; Feb. 3, 1916; by Ru- berta’s Goods 283807. Bred by Howell Rees & Sons. Sold to Wm. Rhodes, Sheridan, Mont......

Lady Geraldine 2d 607984, roan; Sept. 25, 1916; by Dale Clarion 385195. Bred by W. E. Pritchard, Walnut, Iowa. Sold to J. W. Ross, Shelton, Neb.

Dale’s Lass 510041, roan; Sept. 3, 1915; by Dale Clar- ion 385195. Bred by H. Pritchard, Walnut, Iowa. Sold to Albert Hultine, Saronville, Neb...........

Ruberta’s Goods Model 562990, roan; May 20, 1916; by Ruberta'’s Goods 283807. Bred by H. Rees & Sons. Soldatowhe IS DerbyauwWard:; Alai.7./5 «selects creteeie eretelone

ATLANTIC,

Lady Avon 166158, red; Dec. 12, 1912; by Earl of Avon- dale 333948. Bred by G. A. Bonewell, Grinnell, Iowa. Sold to M. E. Jones & Son, Williamsville,

MU Serete ne retsencyeneven tel eesVancaieisie!'s)'s)c,<ie sielslersvonelotere foveiel ai svorer ors $1

Lady Cumberland 139403, roan; Oct. 2, 1912; by Best of Goods 262678. Bred by G. H. White, Emerson, Iowa. Sold to Adolph Fixemer, Shickley, Neb..

Valleyview Rose 151701, roan; Oct. 23, 1910; by Pre- mier Lad 322565. Bred by A. O, Stanley. Sold to He Orden’ é& Son. Maryville: Moe... .c emcees ecce

Acanthus Lady 16th 191915, roan; Feb. 3, 1912; by Victor Sultan 296335. Bred by George Allen, Lex- ington, Neb. Sold to O. A. Strahan, Malvern, Ia.

Beauty 111749 and ce, red; Oct. 20, 1910; by Orange Lad 202309. Bred by R. W. Davis, Lime Spring, Iowa. Sold to H. Rees & Sons, Pilger, Neb.

Acanthus Lady 18th 191916, roan; Dec. 13519112 by Victor Sultan 296335. Bred by Geo. Ailen & Sons, Sold to Miller Bros.,

Victoria 86th 115517 and cc, white; Jan, 15, 1911; by Avondale 245144. Bred by Carpenter & Ross, Mansfield, Ohio. Sold to S. A. Nelson & Sons, MaleolinmelNe bauer aertetcerers sae ic oitetehe ae eee

Lucia Victoria 115142, red; June 20, 1909; by Zoa’s Comus 291475. Bred by Henry W. Matern, Los- tant, Ill Sold to Chris Brown, Hamburg, Iowa...

Victoria Twin 194576, r. 1. w.; July 11, 1914; by Scotch Sovereign 363253. Bred by C. B. Baldwin, Hed- rick, Iowa. Sold to J. W. Reed, Red Oak, Towa.

Waycross Lily 177739, red; Aug. 7, eye by Royal Stuart 360055. Bred by S. F. Lockridge, Green- castle, Ind. Sold to Clearfield Stock Farm, Clear- TLE] ORE OWiaiee treet ee east aie aw s bhnec kava wearer emncnaen aS *

Waycross Blossom 2d 246288, roan; June 29, 1915; by Scotch L. 4th 393582. Bred by Geo. Barth & Sons, Marble Pock, Iowa. Sold to C. BE. Nelson, Mal- COLMAN Clon teeatkaitetcrels scare cyals sie. ose 13, aeyers susieiaierensreca cars

Waycross Blossom 177738, roan; Oct. 10, 1913; by Proud Robin 323815. Bred by W. A. Wickersham, Melbourne, Towa. Sold to C. W. Glotfelter, Wat- ErvAl lle mM Tin me rstesaicie:otecickels: «cs ocechenciele et aateleie tesa sieve

Princess Maid 194574 and cc, red; Aug. 15, 1913; by Earl of Avondale 334948. Bred by G, A. Bonewell, Sold to Phvnas Sons & Wells, Stockport, Iowa..

Beauty Pride 246286, red; Nov. 9, 1913; by Scottish Lad 379588. Bred by Owens Bros., Homestead, Towa Sold to F. C. Rarber & Sons, Skidmore, Mo.

‘Orange Blossom 3d 152339, red; June 20, 1912; by Crimson Tad 354002. Bred by Perry O. Brown, Lamoni, Iowa. Sold to J. C. Kennedy, Atlantic, Iowa ;

Clover Blossom 224808, roan; Nov. 15, 1914; by Proud Robin 393815. Bred by W. A. Wickersham. Sold to Rhynas Sons & Wells, Stockport, Iowa.......

Emma 24th 223816 roan; July 15, 1915: by Scotch Sovereign 368953. Bred by C. B. Baldwin, Hed- rick, Towa. Sold to P. F. Moseley, Wymore, Neb.

‘Dainty Maid 227784, roan; Feb. 20, 1914; by Red Goods 232479. Bred by J. S. Healea, Craig, Neb. SoldetowJohne Ca Nyrups Elarlan, TOwWalsca. «+...

Wedding Gift 55th 217791, roan; July 13, 1913; by Broadhooks P. 398378. Bred by Wm. Smith, Col- umbus, Ont., Can. Sold to H. Rees & Sons, USNC Dee rettetenecs ciclickeretere.«: susie 0 op'aetehelslc syetiel olokencters

‘Roan Butterfly 200753, roan; Nov. 1, 1912; by Butter- fly’s Ideal 268995. Bred by T. B. Rankin. Tarkio, Mo. Sold to C. M. Stofferson, Harlan, Iowa.....

Fue. 0 lel 16,6 via .6 00 © Se,6 © G6 0 8 Bie 16 0 600, 16 Oyee © % ee

SYA POMMONEiscconndes6achaaouN 1

1,050

. 2,100

1,000

1,200

1,150

1,200

1,025

1,120

1,550

IOWA., MAY 2—HOPLEY STOCK FARM

3,000

1,025

1,075

1,100

1,075

1,050

1,525

1,200

1,125

1,025

Flora Bess 160673 and cc, roan; July 3. 1912; by Earl of Avondale 334948. Bred by Geo. Bonewell. Sold 180), (Clabpise Was go arlene icin 6 6.0 picion S cic SacI Crom ne acc Mysie 58th 505264 and be, roan; Sept. 15, 1915; by Maxwalton R. 334954. Bred by Tomson Bros., Carbondale, Kan. Sold to P. H. Salter, Augusta, CEN TMM MONE. oie eclat oils, vie: arlene ale fexre pan enehelenokal Greener aiehe svelaaks ©, avey'e oe Flora of Avondale 194571, roan; Oct. 2, 1914; by Missie’s Dale 394711. Bred by G. A. Bonewell, Soldetomeellows Bros: Mary villeneMlOr ster: cote ctereree Dainty Nell 169235 and be, red; April 4, 1912; by Scot- tish Baron 367146. Bred by S. K. Slemmons, Iowa City, Iowa. Sold to C. F. Mitchell, Shenandoah, Ia. Emma 21st 116537, red; Oct. 8, 1910; by Lord Banff Jr. 285221. Bred by G. A. Bonewell. Sold to D. Warnock & Sons Woveland, Coloweeacnees om - 26+ Plainview Flora 530221, roan; Oct. 5, 1915; by Sultan Goods 363835. Bred by Owens Bros. Sold to O. A. Strahan, Malvern, Iowa....-......-..+....-. Orange Maid 4th 228395 and cc, roan; Sept. 9, 1914; by Athene Victor 5th 367721. Bred by O. A. Stra- han, Malvern, Iowa. Sold to O. S. Ferry & Son, SAVOUPME SS. Li pcresstetare tie tere mictncpere cena ate el sbataiailel sea upensvee Della 2d 572562, red; July 1, 1916; by Roan Knight 337285. Bred by E. E. Keck, Stockport, Iowa. Sold to Clearfield Stock Farm, Clearfield, Iowa... Orange Maid 5th 532043, red; May 7, 1916; by Village Beau 397715. Bred by O. A. Strahan, Malvern, Mayet Soe! Woy KO), Ny ne MeeG ome oS bono od AEE cls! Claret Surprise 590576, roan; June 30, 1916; by Royal Edward 324529. Bred by Jas. Leask & Son, Taunton, Ont., Can. Sold to W. F. Kunz, Lewis, Iowa Westside Queen 514295, red; April 26, 1916; by Count Augustus 417797. Bred by J. S. Healea, Sold to AWW. 1, MES bhlA oto G.- crac Ob GaOoee aan Sms qoounes Jealousy’s Hope 560289, roan; July 1, 1916; by Hope- ful Cumberland 392004. Bred by Joseph Miller & Sons, Granger, Mo. Sold to W. F. Kunz......... Village Missie 529467, roan; April 30, 1916; by Vil- lage Beau 397715. Bred by O. A. Strahan. Sold TOMMY Men Ried IX LETT Zeneca. o cucnete epeleseracheas ete re atte teh eisiensroMererenenerate Village Countess 529464, roan; March 16, 1916; by Vil- lage Beau 397715. Bred by O. A. Strahan. Sold tomCarison) Bross e Atlantica VO wWelerectele: sioleleikelcberet=t-ne Acanthus Lady 21st 529461, roan; April 29, 1916; by Village Beau 397715. Bred by O. A. Strahan. SOlMtOMOATLSON DROS watconetsrelouctereterehtisdet cel oneneneNele ce ene rs Orange Blossom 5th 481637, roan; March 5, 1916; by Scotch Sovereign 363253. Bred by C. B. Baldwin. SOlMREOMW | BUGHIKAUIN Zea er eketstecdoiete a cuecetausrenevostsieqeie ener ee Duchess of Gloster 71st 516415, red; March 21, 1916; by Lawndale Model 412480. Bred by Geo. Barth & Sons, Marble Rock, Iowa. Sold to W. F. Kunz. Westside Pearl 514294, red; April 22, 1916; by Count Augustus 417797. Bred by J. S. Healea. Sold COs Wise ERIS UNL Z Sotevare i ecesietsie sucrsueiels) sisrcus. aebecs ciel evlersca. atone: Roan Lily 224810, roan; Sept. 5, 1914; by Proud Robin 323815. Bred by W. A. Wickersham. Sold to WV cae PE SCILT Zio ciecaereceecneromanarene opeieta ten MahedenenspecsteveKey diecessuetarere Village Golden 643492, white; June 10, 1917; by Village Beau 397715. Bred by O. A. Strahan. Sold to Uppermill Farm, Wapello, Village Lad 611449, red; March 30, 1917; by Village Beau 397715. Bred by O. A. Strahan. Sold to CHa Glotrelter: VWatervallen: Minn serie chicas Paulette’s Cnief 555705, roan; June 29, 1916; by Chief Macbeth 394039. Bred by J. T. Levins, Galena, lll. Sold to J. V. Haugnon, Cambridge, Neb.....

1,506

1,700: 1,225 1,175 1,000

1,125

1,825 1,000

1,125

1,400 1,400 1,200 1,200 1,125 1,400 1,000 1,000 1,625 1,225 4,450 1,275

1,075

SKIDMORE, MO., MAY 3—F. C. BARBER & SONS

Missie Augusta 238725, roan; June 28, 1915; by Missie Marquis 398384. Bred by R. O. Miller, Lucas, Iowa. Sold to Economy Stock Farm, Shenan-

Goahy, TO weed « os ss eisccsperereeps aap erste are coches a ev astepeneiay eters $1,275

Rosewood 222045 and be, red; March 23, 1913; by Nonpareil Champion 351166. Bred by H. H. Lori- mor, Lorimor, Iowa. Sold to P. HE. Salter, Au- EUG INR 6 ogodovdew ot dios HbteouD Of uODoGboOOL

Emma 2d 121143 and ce, red; Aug. 2, 1911; by Dia- mond Goods 333014. Bred by Bellows Bros., Maryville, Mo. Sold to Rhynas Bros., Jr., Stock- POLE paLlLO WA: se eislettorctcters eeeketenevakar cbs: oie e volsbaltch spehat sheweus: caere

Imp. Elvira’s Rose 33d —121477—, red; April 8, 1916; by Dunglass Chieftain (115188). Bred by Wil- liam Henderson, Perthshire, Scotland. Sold to PHOMASH AUT AVV.ESEOOLO,; MIME Orelerctste: ee) s ois ellatele) clevelel ele

Jessie Fairfax 218059, red; April 30, 1912; by Non- pareil Champion 351166. Bred by H. H. Lorimor. Sold to G. J. Theiss & Son, Rembrandt, Iowa....

Alma Moore 2d 152726, roan; June 18, 1911; by Ra- venswood’s Choice 308843. Bred by J. A. McCul- loh, Creighton, Mo. Sold to C. M. Stofferson, PAR a Pe LO Wass! ciatebene. evaupane eh oils lich als (ostaneve cele talcch stig avetaiehele sree

Jubilee 11th 579334 and be, red; Jan. 3, 1913; by Non- pareil Chief 560811. Bred by R. Somerville & Sons, Elders Mills, Ont., Can. Sold to E. Ogden reo tevonay, JM Reltmataall key Bui Riad can tocmeit oa OOO MO ROO mae

1,400

1,600

1,500

1,200

1,100

Pontiac’s Rosebud 217768, r. 1. w.; June 11, 1914; by Pontiac 437633. Bred by H. G. Arnold, Maid- stone, Ont., Can. Sold to T. F. Goold, Ogalalla, Hy 6 las MiMi Ach eR ERE OLN Ca chs OOS .6 OG anime Mere

Kitty Cumberland 149038 and cc, roan; Sept. 1, 1912; by True Cumberland 2d 353050. Bred by C. F. Mitchell & Son, Farragut, Iowa. Sold to Roy

Laird, Labor LO wa. ot sic.sisie ers ole sachololreeeteretatets te eieiese one Rose Fairfax 196866, roan; Sept. 15, 1914; by Violet Goods 395309. Bred by T. B. Rankin, Tarkio, Mo. Sold to D. Warnock, Loveland, Colo..............

Queen Victoria 474398 and be, roan; Aug. 16, 1915; by Snow King 399287. Bred by Wm. Merritt Gold- ing, Maryville, Mo. Sold to Robert Russell, Mus- (HOPE hed SeaWile Gabo Goo go abo on sUgo endo oN Oo 00 GbOGoUEr

Stella 161475, red; Feb. 28, 1912; by Morning Star

206060. Bred by H. S. & W. B. Duncan, Clear- field, Iowa. Sold to C. L. Peterson, Lees Sum- Lien ee Ke eee eT Ong e oS OKs COO eS 5 dann Ss. dete

Sultan’s Strawberry 227821 and cc, roan; Jan. 4, 1914; by White Sultan 296336. Bred by C. A. Saunders, Manilla, Iowa. Sold to C. L. Peterson..:........

New Goods Butterfly 131412 and cc, red; May 2, 1911: by New Goods 264249. Bred by Hopkins & Car- ee Mexico, Mo. Sold to Cies Bros., Chillicothe,

Dee nees of Gloster 45th 164448 and be, red; April 24, 1911; by Diamond Knight 353834. Bred by Hector Cowan, Windom, Minn. Sold to S. A. Nelson & Sons; Malcolm, “Nebiice «ces tererercis <isteuieremeetecc 1 castes) +

Cerney Villager 535949, white; Sept. 12, 1916; by Vil- lager Jr. 399558. Bred by F. C. Barber & Sons, Skidmore, Mo. Sold to John C. Nyrup, Harlan, Ia.

1,050

1,600

1,200

1,125

. 1,750

1,050

2,500

1,650

HILLSBORO, TEXAS, May 15—FRANK SCOFIELD

Roan Queen 228456 and cc, roan; July 28, 1915; by Roan Master 390098. Bred by Frank Scofield.

Sold to C. L. Petersen, Lee’s Summit, Mo........ $1,200

Lakawana Duchess 6th 508107, roan; Nov. 15, 1915; by Roan Master 390098. Bred by Frank Scofield. Sold to Fayette Schwalbe, Walters, Okla........

Lackawana Augusta 508106, white; Feb. 22, 1916; by Roan Master 390098. Bred by Frank Scofield. Sold’ to, Cx Ls Petersen. = <cuets ete steal eiene «she eatele

Strathallan Rose 6th 615901, red; Feb. 15, 1917; by Roan Master 390098. Bred by Frank Scofield. Sold to J. R. Raby, Gatesville, Texas.............

Lackawana Favorite 128440 and be, roan; Sept. 20, 1911; by Diamond’s King 221070. Bred by Frank Scofield. Sold tom: RAG RADY serene reroeioneteels «| csreersie

Augusta Countess 149250 and ce, roan; Oct. 9, 1912; by Burnbrae Sultan 385228. Bred by Ontario Agricultural College, Guelph, Ont. Sold to i, R: IS EV OM My Gpe aa OG Cano COBO Tide SAN Go ooo 0 bigiaIO

Columbia 12th 156247 and be, roan; Jan. ye 1913; by Diamond Goods 333014. Bred by Bellows Bros., Maryville, Mo. Sold to:J. R. Raby-..-......--..

Village Flora 2d 152930 and cc, roan; Oct. 14, 1912; by Villager 295884. Bred by D. R. Hanna, Ravenna,

Ohio Pe Soldktor dT VR RaA DY ceive ray sccivatonenotetent svecsints losste Graceful Malaka 602131, roan; June 13, 1916; by Dou- ble Sultan 408200. Bred by H. D. Parsons, Baxter, Ion Solel Wo) de 1B UREN ONS Go onioso bod on.oc dango OBC Graceful 8th 218337, red; Dec. 4, 1918; by Malaka’s Goods 347247. Bred by H. D. Parsons, Baxter, Uonysty Skool vee) Al, 184, JENNY go ocpa coe Sedu s Og ne OID

Lackawana Columbia 228447 and be, roan; June 20, 1915; by Orange Diamond 339611. Bred by Frank Scofield. Sold’ to ie cy RADY cite chereloterelteietena oka lotsteirs

Marigold 504796 and cc, roan; Sept. 16, 1915; by Merry Goods 333575. Bred by Cahill Bros., Rock- ford, Iowa. Sold to M. F. Baer, Ransom, Kans..

Diamond Goods 2d 445130, roan; Feb. 25, 1915; by Diamond Goods 325933. Bred by Frank Scofield. Sold to J. H. McMahon, DeRidder, Iowa..........

Baron’s Dale 498756, roan; April 11, 1916; by Double Dale 337156. Bred by Owen Kane, Wisner, Nebr. Owned by Kansas Experiment Station, Manhattan, Kans. Sold to A. & M. College of Texas, College, Station, NSXAIS sicker ieleleiete eetstelisle <) else ine) eke peReMe eden oteel=

Roan Master Junior 615800, roan; Feb. 3, 1917; by Roan Master 390098. Bred by Frank Scofield. Sold to Garrett E. King, Taylor, Texas...........

1,600

2,000

3,500

2,800

1,000

WATONGA, OKLA., MAY 16—H. C. LOOKABAUGH

March 22, 1917; by Fair

Max Acres Sultan, roan; Bred by H. C. Lookabaugh.

Acres Sultan 354154.

Sold to Glint Strong, Clinton; Oklaw..-- =... $

Whitebird Sultan 595905, white; Jan. 10, 1917; by Snowbird’s Sultan 354160. Bred by A. W. Book, Dixon, Ill. Sold to W. S. Hockenberry, Jet, Okla.

Imp. Doune Royalist, roan; April 1, 1915; by Dunglass Brilliant 556760. Bred by Earl of Moray, Perth- shire, Scotland. Sold to Clint Strong, Clinton, (@) ids We AE A Fini oO DIR ORO, Ud DOU a> 0 Gaui Or

Imp. Graceful’s Model 634067, red; Feb. 26, 1917; by Rover 634068. Bred by C. vel Barron, Nairn, Scotland. Sold to HE. E. Sheets, Braman, Okla.

2,700

2,000

1,000

The Shorthorn in America

Double Villager 489660, r. 1. w.; Dec. 236 LOW 5 aby: Villager 295884. Bred by Uppermill Farm, Wa- pello, Iowa. Sold to Clint Strong Clinton, Okla.

Pleasant Butterfly 616884, red; March MD) AUK lenis Avondale’s Choice 391327. Bred by H. C. Look- abaugh. Sold to Judge Hemingway, Hye ay ville, Ark.

Fair Mildred 628300 and bc, white; ee 26, 1916; by Fair Acres Sultan 354154. Bred by EC: Looka- baugh. Sold to Lawrence Ogden, Maryville, Mo..

Maxwalton Jealousy 62875 and be, roan; Jan. 18, 1909; by Avondale 245144. Bred by Carpenter & Ross, Mansfield, Ohio. Sold to Clinton Strong, Clinton, Oa ae eiicretis atee eo eberetetere ote esere eile e-ohele # etereuereronenorelte

Roan Victoria 2d 107391 and ce, roan; Sept. 8, 1910; by Avondale 245144. Bred by Carpenter & Ross, Mansfield, Ohio. Sold to Clinton Strong........

Imp. Gowan Cardigan 25th 516462, roan; June 1, 1914; by Keep Smiling 516455. Bred by Wm. Parkin- Moore, Cumberland, Eng. Sold to Clinton Strong.

Tarrel Gwynne 655642, roan; Feb. 28, 1916; by Royal Chief 655288. Bred by A & G. Young, Rosshire, Scotland. Sold to Sam’l Holeomb, Pond Creek, Okla.

Imp. Baroness Dene 2d 556767, roan; Feb. 16, 1913: by Crown of Beauty 556758. Bred Dyas Fraser, Perthshire, Scotland. Sold to Clinton Strong.

Polmaise Waterloo Lilias 12th 655641, red; April 2, 1912; by Edgar of Cluny 6th 655633. Bred by A. B. Murray, Stirling, Scotland. Sold to H. L. Hoskins, Pond Creek, Okla... cs. .ccccecse® ate isielese

Bonnie Belle 10th 160634, red; Jan. 3, 1910; by Scotch Sultan 296331. Bred leony die JN Kilgour, Sterling, TS SOLAS tOmClMCONMS ELON E . ic e eles cc eiessoieieretetovonels

Lavender Beauty 7th 87731, red; Oct. 8, 1909; by Contender 314338. Bred by John Miller, Jr., Ash- burn, Ont.) Sold to, Clinton) Strong,. ..... -c\slensiensie

Pleasant Clipper 596265, roan; Sept. 5, 1916; by Fair Acres Sultan 345154. Bred by H. C. Looka- baugh. Sold to R. L. Donald, Louisville, Tex...

Secret Lady 481880 and cc, white; April 25, 1915; by Monarque Cumberland 413307. Bred aA Pos Lanaghan, Charlotte, Iowa. Sold to W. A. Kyne, Perkins, Okla.

Miss Bloom 4th 205682, roan; June! 66, 9 1913- by, Searchlight Jr. 337153. Bred by "CaS: Nevius, Chiles, Kan. Sold to C. L. Peterson, Lees Sum- WIT TE O lcorc ehctatoycrece svete Seka takes: oe ianelalel etelele cuss ereceteie SOcO

Sweet Lavender 5th 134848, “roan; May 14, 1911; by Hampton’s Successor 286217. Bred by Bellows -Bros., Maryville, Mo. Sold to A. L. Peterson....

Good’s Mayflower 135506 and be, roan; April 28, 1912; by Straight Goods 348304. Bred by F. A. Schaefer & Son, Raleigh, lowa. Sold to Fayette Geen aes Walters, CK Vay Maes wistete iotekshote satevels. ccstaus Gioia mite

Secret Beauty 239842 and ce, r. l. w.; March 8, 1913: by Fairview Pride 344560. Bred by ek Ros Clough, ace lowa. Sold to Charles Plummer, Sayre,

Ue well 1a|lotelalie vere ene) @iellehepenctiote: eiciis) sieticle wiajisie ers ere aevere cuctehe

Pleasant Butterfly 608718, roan; Jan. 1, 1917; by Royal Sultan 380246. Bred by Lee R. Patterson, El Reno, Okla. Sold to Clinton Strong........ 1,050

EL RENO, OKLA., MAY 17—LEE R. PATTERSON

Pleasant Dale 3d 423024, white; Dec. 2, 1914; by Wa- tonga Searchlight 410833. Bred by H. C. Looka- baugh, Watonga, Okla. Sold to John H. Sullivan, Mange uta: {OK aitr-ca sam taecies Ootsiee eset eicia see MR a $2,500

Lady Daybreak 615789 and be, red; March 28, 1915; by Sterling Monarch 247901. Bred by Lee R. Patter- son, El Reno, Okla. Sold to John H. Sullivan.

Roan Lady 5ist 142592, roan; apr 13,1912; by Sul- tan Royal 312046. Bred by F. W. Ayers, Athens, le Solds tosh nanlomScone)ld tei ete ere oer 1,000

GUELPH, ONT., MAY 21—J. A. WATT and J. M. GARDHOUSE

Dairymaid 132750 and be, roan; Sold to J. K. MeNeff, Luverne,

1,150

1,050

bios o.eLéie) eee eleleheiahe« ee.616 10 0.6) 8 =10)s (elenen ens,

1,000

3,000

oor ese er rere ce

3,150

1,750

1,625

eocc eer c eee coer ee este ee oee eee a

1,000

1,025

1,325

1,000

Imp, Braelangwell March 29, 19138. Minn. ..

Imp. Nonikiln Bellona 121460 and be, roan; Jan. 30, 1912; by Diamond Column (108378), Bred by A. Anderson, Rosshire, Scotland. Sold to O. CG. Lower, Atlanta, Hb aXe ley othe amet Otten NAN ER a Se aS 1,225

Lady Madge 5th 104318 and be, white; Oct. 15, 1912; by Gay Monarch 3898379. Bred by John Miller, Jr., Asburn, Ont., Can. Sold to George Mletcher wrinA On Eaton. ctekcre eho aeons cle ci eee

Orange Princess 2d 485809 and cc, red; Oct. 10, 1910; by Village Duke —73739—. Bred by Mitchell

1,625

Bros., Burlington, Ont., Can. Sold to Ostricher

Bros, “Cretiton® (Ontirere. eens woe 2,275 Lad’s Missie 137787, red; Jan. 17, 1911. Sold to W.

Cy. Sutherland GaltasOnt wana. sts erations 1,000

Miss Lovelace 3d 96712, roan; Scottish Hero 295765. Bred by A. Edward Meyer, Guelph, Ont., Can. Sold to D. E. McMonies, Pluron, iS). Di sceegeta teens: stereos aes eee Le . 1,025

Sept. 20, 1909; by

July 1, 1918

to J. W. McLaughlin, Oashawa, Ont............. 1,050

1915; by Browndale 334947. Bred by HL. Em- mert, Oak Bluff, Man., Can. Sold to Carpenter

Ge IRORES MENOSIG) OMIO@ seeds bacmaccasconeadoos 1,000 Glenview Blossom 137786, roan; May 9, 1912. Sold COmG AV peVICIhAusilingmn. ...-.50k seen ee eee oe 1,350

by Rosejs Victor 88011. Bred by R. Charters, Seaforth, Ont. Can. Sold to Harry McGee, Nisibavenesay, Mihi, ORY alcted SORE EH MAa 6 EG OAS EooIaee 1,050 Polly Lind 120407, red; Sept. 20, 1915; by Gainford Select 541174. Bred by John Watt & Son, Blora, ) Outmcann me Soldwto. JAK.” McNeffi8 eas ene. 1,150 Thelma 3d 113564, red; Jan. 14, 1915; by Gainford Marquis 370987. Bred by H. L. Emmert, Oak Bluff, Man., Can. Sold to J. HE. Crosbie, Tulsa, QUIS SON 6:48 Bos Ao Seen eee re neste Bae RO ee 1,775 Imp. Maria 19th 121476 and cc, white; March 14, 1914; by Prince Palatine 633992. Bred by John Marr, Uppermill Tarves, Aberdeenshire, Scot. Sold to

OMCrreowere Atlanta. Ind.d-:.cen ee Oe ae 1,150 Gainford Belle 129997, white; Sept. 15, 1916. Sold to Exam ati amioLoracs ©nbtae Can. acme eeeeienie oe 1,525 Gainford Silver 129995, white; Jan. 16, 1917. Sola to VV GCL Iam OMit® .°. sc. nis sateen ate toe. 1,000 Augusta of Langbank 131427, red; Aug. 18, 1917. Sold (40) do. dle MHNGKoyA. (Careiola, MOetne oy sa noonuseads 1,250 Gainford Conqueror, roan; Oct. 1, 1917. Sold to Wm. JSibiwaeide, lee waaithtony, KOlehs, eee om coc.oueme ood aeae 1,050 Gainford Mark, roan; Jan. 3, 1918. Sold to Adam ATIMSLLON Se MOrSuse i@Mten. 00s cee a cee ede eRe 1,725 Red Bull Calf, Sept. 2, 1917. Sold to L. K, Wilks, Cile, Oke Bescon SSE oO) OOM EIDE iin aad ham aera arc 1,000

GRANVILLE CENTER, PA., MAY 24—L. D. MAY

Welcome Queen 580347, white; May 19, 1916; by Gen-

eral Clay 255920. Bred by L. D. May, Granville

Center, Pa. Sold to Alexander MacLaren, Buck-

ANAM we CUED CCMmm Gatiewer es « s.s.caithe oototere eather nr nieke $3,000 Glenside White Rose 622770, white; Dec. 4, 1916; by

General Clay 255920. Bred by L. D. May. Sold

tomtbhesOticn Ferd. Willoughby, Oboe: ceases ceacs 1,000 Glenside Lady Belle 519518, red; Feb. 4, 1916; by

Cyrus Clay 247916. Bred by L. D, May. Sold to

J WeeJonesmIreebendleton, Indic sas: c.. sei ade iieer 1,750 Glenside White Lass 622769, white; Jan. 4, 1917; by

Glenside Royal Style 448917. Bred by L. D. May.

SOlGMCOMD Ma VR DONCS yd Patel: . avs aisueleintaues arcuate nranr 1,050 Glenside Evelyn 593445, red and white; June 14, 1916;

by Glenside Dairy King 443881. Bred by L. D.

May. Sold to W. H. Gelshenen, Far Hills, N. J... 1,975 Glenside Beauty Belle 566490, red and white; April 14,

1916; by Imperial Lad 394847. Bred by L. D. May.

SOldRcOmde: WiJONCS. GUIs. vc c ctetic nee maa eaesiee 1,150 Eaglethorpe Tulip 4th 632923, roan; Aug. 2, 1909; by

Sunset 632921. Bred by Thomas Stokes, Oundle,

ISS OAM LOMOMENV ER OTICS; . J Te cicreslleretstessttepeteeic siete 2,000 Lady Favourite 634158, red; May 11, 1911; by Coral

Favorite 634157. Bred by Wm. Forster Est.,

Northumberland, Eng. Sold to W. A. Simpson,

Tay AVA OVA res Vilsmmeccelo tienes: cists. s sceighs eevee srershs: a erel spe eure 1,075 Imp. Thanet Princess Minstrel 633240, roan; June 5,

1916; by Puddington Prince Furbelow 633229. Bred

by G. Kelsey Burge, Westgate on Sea, Eng. Sold

toda Haid On Be iwade, Orangeville, Ohio. s.. 1,125 Imp, Empress Maria 633843, roan; March 21, 1916;

by Smyle 633840. Bred by Mrs. W. Barnes, Wig-

LONNIE S OLGMt Om Gr COLZ Gs GlCCT te craeule tel erection ere 1,100 Imp. Rea Darlington Snowflake 648259, white; Oct.

13, 1915; by Daisy’s Heir 2d 648250. Bred by EH.

G. Pruce, Shrewsburg, Eng. Sold to Geo. Greer. 1,025 Imp. Billing Graceful 647604, roan; Dec. 31, 1915; by

Edgcote Gold Gleam 647600. Bred by Arthur Brit-

ton, Northampton, Eng. Sold to H. EH. Tener,

Vwiiciaaneeoennllie, IN Nb.codp meres Wold 0 blocoudooU Obes 1,100 Wild Rose, dark roan; May 17, 1915. Sold to Cook & Coolmmindepend ences lOwalse... cise sortaeiie helene eri. 1,500

Roan Jewel 505459, roan; May 9, 1916; by Jeweler 878128. Bred by The Otis Herd, Willoughby, Ohio OGM LOME MERE Ee DOMGT... acter istshckkerieletety eters = 1,050

Glenwood Marjorie 591277, roan; Oct. 18, 1916; by Glenwood Clay 349621. Bred by J. EH. & C. B. Wade, Orangeville, Ohio. Sold to W. H. Gelshenen 1,050

Charming Millie 609487, red, little white; Oct. 5, 1915; by Brandby’s Coming Star 594899. Bred by J. J.

Hill, St. Paul, Minn. Sold to J. W. Jones, Jr.... 1,100

Royal Signet, roan; May 22, 1917; by Glenside Dairy King 443881. Bred by L. D. May. Sold to Alex- syivelae IMEKSIDENEM oo ceoaqusoupmocucUCOno0oGC sD COCCbE 1,700

GRANGER, MO., MAY 29—JOS. MILLER & SONS

Gypsy Cumberland 2d 497343, roan; Feb. 3, 1916; by Hopeful Cumberland 392004. Bred by Joseph Mil- ler & Son. Sold to C. L. Peterson, Lees Summit, Mone Sess crease «a MON es: glans. 5 Seat re MOM REED ly

Clara’s Goods 617223, red; Oct. 11, 1916; by Ruberta’s Goods 283807. Bred by H. Rees & Sons, Pilger, Neb. Sold to A. C. Lanham, Sheldon, Iowa...... 1,600

Mysie Kintore 138257 and cc, red; Feb. 26, 1911; by Royal Kintore 281530. Bred by G. H. White, Emer- son, Iowa. Sold to EH. Ogden & Son, Maryville,

MIO)... - ods cane HEI Cad Ole RA eect Ciao, OF RC Bees CoCr Cane 1,000

Pine Grove Clipper 20th 205827 and bc, red; March 6, 1914; by Bapton Mandolin 401671. Bred by W. C. Edwards & Co., Rockland, Ont., Can. Sold to Ew-

Ie MSLOS., MOrris Ville} MiO-staraleyersts close «016 crea) eos clesre.e 1,575

Queen Bess 35th 85159 and be, red; Jan. 12, 1909; by Craibstone 150955. Bred by Joseph Miller & Sons.

Sold to Rhynas Sons & Wells, Stockport, Iowa.. 1,300

Flower Beauty 156931 and ce, roan; Noy. 15, 1910; by Flower Knight 264126. Bred by W. H. McClellan, Granger, Mo. Sold to F. C. Barber & Sons, Skid- TOTES se IWLO\, “esta aie crates ovelisleye fo teustoreter en ctenaietass: ss ic,siensreer ster 6 1,225

Golden Plume 3d 256563 and ce, roan; Jan. 22, 1915; by Silver Dale 320008. Bred by C. J. McMaster, Altona, Ill. Sold to Byrne Bros., Baring, Mo...... 1,075

Emma Fair 197739 and cc, roan; March 20, 1914; by Fair Knight 2d 350285. Bred by H. G. McMillan & Sons, Rock Rapids, Iowa. Sold to C. L. Peterson 1,450

Nonpareil 209997, red; Aug. 8, 1918; by Hallwood Mint 352288. Bred by W. R. Turner & Son, Shelbyville,

Mo. Sold to W. C. Prewitt & Sons, Clarksville, IM ORR Gcretoys, scattuslsqereeretepsbete seohepor hers ares ole n.d) of oi ceeuchedeue eimai 1,525

Cherry Marengo 6th 135469 and cc, roan; Jan. 13, 1911; by Major Sultan 308952. Bred by M. EH. Jones, Williamsville, Ill. Sold to Byrne Bros............ 1,275

Princess May 489353, red; May 19, 1915; by Lord Champion 254700. Bred by Keith & Stewart, Stur- SOMO: “SOldmtOn Oe lO CtCrS Oller. ilar cee alcrer ts 1,125

Jealous Girl 3d 583905, red; Aug. 21, 1916; by Hopeful Cumberland 392004. Bred by Joseph Miller & Sons. Sold to EH. Ogden & Son, Maryville, Mo.. 1,300

Cumberland Belle 549045, roan; July 22, 1916; by Sil- ver Cumberland 442524. Bred by Joseph Miller & Sons. Sold to Bellows Bros., Maryville, Mo...... 1,375

Cumberland Queen 568937, roan; Dec. 3, 1916; by Sil- ver Cumberland 442524. Bred by Joseph Miller & Sons. Sold to C. W. Kirtley & Son, Bagley, Iowa 1,375

Cumberland Blossom 576195, roan; March 4, 1917; by Choice Cumberland 410399. Bred by Joseph Miller & Sons. Sold to F. E. Handorf, Clarinda, Iowa.. 1,500

Cumberland Choice 576192, roan; Jan. 11, 1917; by Hopeful Cumberland 392004. Bred by Joseph Mil- ler & Sons. Sold to W. Preston Donald, Clio, Iowa 6,500

Hampton Cumberland 653720, roan; May 16, 1917; by Cumberland 467703. Bred by Joseph Miller & Sons. Sold to A. L. Spurgeon, Wayland, Mo..... 1,425

Cumberland Sultan 653719, roan; June 29, 1917; by Choice Cumberland 410399. Bred by Joseph Miller Sa SONS MEISOlG: tom Rie ys BO Sm cles ttaeletesicpelslotleteeises tere 1,000

STOCKPORT, IOWA, MAY 30—RHYNAS SONS & WELLS

Rosebud Goods 5th 565424, red; Sept. 2, 1916; by Proud Marshal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler, Fairfield, Iowa. Sold to EH. P. Williams, Primcetom,. Illy ecm ckeeeees mereka a oereree erode here titers $1,000

Villager’s Claret 656167, white; November 2, 1917; by Villager 295884. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler.

- Sold to Jos. Miller & Sons, Granger, Mo.......... 1,175

Malaka Missie 5th 218339, roan; Jan. 17, 1911; by Ma- laka’s Goods 347247. Bred by H. D. Parsons, Bax- ter, Iowa. Sold to W. E. McNeil, Rock Falls, Ill. 1,675

Princess Thaxton 166699, roan; Jan. 19, 1913; by Ring- master 307894. Bred by White & Smith, St. Cloud, Minn. Sold to Bacon & Mullany, Waterloo, Iowa. 1,075

Max Marshal 661459, roan; March 1, 1917; by Cum- berland Marshal 412384. Bred by J. W. McDer- mott, Kahoka, Mo. Sold to F. C. Barber & Sons, Sicidmone, Mo! dase teydoideiciiciysicdeise «cverstenmtene olsen 3,000

Diamond Supreme 595126, roan; Feb. 20, 1917; by Royal Diamond 449923. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. Sold to Alex Curry, Cando, N. D...... 2,000

Royal Star 513094, roan; Dec. 12, 1915; by Proud Marshal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler. olds tomAlex: Currys Camdor Nev Dincic cline std. 6 «tens 1,000

Golden King 427571, white; Nov. 29, 1914; by Cum- pberland Marshal 412384. Bred by J. W. McDer- mott, Sold to Blank Bros. & Kleen, Franklin, INKAGS nc.cc) TRIMER em Inicio Dias-o Fetie E.CO De meen OKC 2,000

SIOUX CITY, IOWA, JUNE 11—E. J. THOMPSON & SON, N. R. RUNDELL, JACKSON & WHITE (HURLEY, S. D.)

Golden Princess 106883 and be, red, little white; April 12, 1910; by Colonel 282901. Bred by Car- penter & Ross, Mansfield, Ohio. Owned by BH. J. Thompson & Son. Sold to Frank D. Peckham,

JIGS ENING oe eed Bir tin dic.a + Hits GEiGarO MOO EO Uae Oo OLS $1,250

Maxwalton Roan Lady 3d 201417, roan; March 2, 1915; by Maxwalton Renown 367543. Bred by Car- penter & Ross, Mansfield, Ohio. Owned by Jack- son & White. Sold to Elmer Powell, Linn Grove,

TO Wale eettects «\s/es.eieucrernes hecstefomre oe lacboo sen leccsteueveteh siete we = 1,000

Red Lady 11th 126572 and be, red, little white; Dec. 6, 1911; by Selected Goods 2984388. Bred by John Buckstead, Viborg, S. D. Owned by EH. J. Thomp- Bon & Son. Sold to C. A. Laingen, Cottonwood,

ANT eters catedacccee ele visle choulehe eee tee per cratecon

June Secret 229255 and bc, roan; June 9, 1914; by Maxwalton Stamp 367544. Bred by Galbraith Bros., Tippecanoe, Ohio. Owned by Jackson & White. Sold to W. H. Jacksoh, Avoca, Neb......

Augusta 112th 525264, roan; March 11, 1916; by Max- walton Rosedale 334954. Bred by Tomson Bros., Carbondale, Kan. Owned by Jackson & White. Sold to Frank Pemberton, Iowa Falls, Iowa.....

Berdina Sultan 184005, red; Feb. 8, 1914; by Pride of Avon 352673. Bred by F. E. Jackson, Hurley, S. D. Owned by Jackson & White. Sold to Bellows Bros. Maryville geMon ce. urrclate ieieier eters rina eter:

Rose Cumberland 155830, roan; June 1, 1912; by King Cumberland 2d 352076. Bred by H. H. Powell & Son, Linn Grove, Iowa. Owned by Jackson & White. Sold to Frank D. Peckham, Alexandria, Sic Dinscstae RTA Raa ars HAREA PRP Ree oe

Mary Anne of Lancaster 52d 607669, roan; Jan. 7, 1915; by Prince of Orange 607647. Bred by J. L. Reid, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Owned by Jackson & White. Sold to C. A. DeVaul, Inwood, Iowa....

Urbandale Augusta 515621, roan; Sept. 6, 1916; by Marr Sultan 438557. Bred by Jackson & White, Hurley, S. D. Owned by Jackson & White. Sold to Henry Mouw, Sioux Center, Iowa.............

MARYVILLE, MO., JUNE 12—E. OGDEN & SON

Sterling Supreme 596719, red; Jan. 1, 1917; by Village Supreme 423865. Bred by E. Ogden & Son, Mary- ville, Mo.

Radiant, white; April 30, 1917; by Radium 385197. iBred by E. Ogden & Son. Sold to H. C. Looka- baugh. Watonga, Oklay jc. cece ee eee nici

Village Flora 110055 and cc, white; May 12, 1911; by Villager 295884. Bred by D. R. Hanna, Ravenna, Ohio. Sold to B. W. Aylor, Grandin, N. D......

Elanwood Devergoil 131034 and cc, red; Sept. 22, 1909; by Sultan 3d 278292. Bred by E. B. Thomas, Au- dubon, Iowa. Sold to Geo. Greer, New Castle, Pa.

Imp. Aldsworth \Matchless and cc, roan; Jan. 22, 1914; by Village Oak 4093938. Bred by W. T. Garne &

1,075

1,225

1,750

1,575

Sold to A. D. Flintom, Kansas City, Mo.$2,500

1,550

3,000

1,500

Sons. Sold to Theisen Bros., Osmond, Neb...... 3,150 Autumn Rose 4th 192527, white; Oct. 28, 1914; by Sul-

tan Stamp 334974. Bred by Anoka Farms, Wau-

kesha, Wis. Sold to Carpenter & Ross, Mans-

fleld @ Obion Pamesae 2 hace cles ole Sale emus oe titers nese 1,900 Hallwood Violet 6th 203827 and bc, red; March 2, 1914;

by Princely Sultan 350513. Bred by HE. M. Hall,

Carthage, Mo. Sold to D. Warnock & Son, Love-

land sr COlomeastemie sie tee ante sre At NPs atic. OR 1,750

Imp. Meta Cardigan, roan; May 16, 1915; by Pie Crust (122005). Bred by W. Parkin Moore, Whitehall, England. Sold to Owen Kane, Wisner, Neb.....

Golden Lassie 219098 and cc, red; Nov. 19, 1912; by Missie’s Sultan 370651. Bred by I. Spenner, West Point, Neb. Sold to BH. B. Thomas, Audubon, Ia.

Pine Grove Lucy 11th 205828 and cc, roan; Nov. 29, 1912; by Prince of Orange 306633. Bred by W. C. Edwards & Co., Rockland, Ont. Sold to S. A. Nelson & Son, Malcolm) Neb. ccc cris cise «ise

Urbandale Princess 126149 and be, roan; Oct. 24, 1911; by Lavender King 336800. Bred by F. HE. Jackson, Hurley, S. D. Sold to Theisen Bros., Osmond, Neb.

Merry Lass 223454 and cc, red; Dec. 14, 1913; by Count Mayflower 352112. Bred by J. L. Reece, New Providence, Iowa. Sold to G. C. Miller, Union- WANN, BKK Gookootconds

Imp. Lauretta 16th, red; March 23, 1912; by Diamond Casket (108377). Bred by R. Wilson, Newton, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Sold to T. W. Dibblee, San Brancisco,. Calin qemenjucss ree rermteteters seater

Jubilee 11th 579334, red; Jan. 3, 1913; by Nonpareil Chief 560811. Bred by R. Somerville & Sons, El- der’s Mills, Ont., Can. Sold to F. C. Barber & Son Whose, Wooo 6 dng Googno Fosusd To Od dba sa6

Miss Wimple 132796 and cc, red, little white; May 23, 1911; by Doctor Cruickshank 311720. Bred by J. T. Kinmonth, Columbus City, Iowa. Sold to Geo. Aillenté& uSonwwuexing tome ING biaeat.ttertnetetenens!si-teretssrs

Flora Sultana 545643 and cc, red; Jan. 11, 1916; by Cumberland Diamond 403820. Bred by A. O. Stan- ley, Sheridan, Mo. Sold to A. S. Hines & Son, Moberly, Mo.

Fair Secret Sapho 467962, red; Aug. 24, 1913; by Fair Goods 253391. Bred by J. W. McDermott, Ka- hoka, Mo. Sold to Theisen Bros., Osmond, Neb.

My Gipsy Maid 538591 and cc, red; May 28, 1916; by Proud Monarch 360067. Bred by Harriman Bros., Pilot Grove, Mo. Sold to Uppermill Farm, Wa- PO]ION TO Warnes erie otras cleneletoiee ei ole ottestesstenmmemener oeps le ere

Supreme’s Queen 667335, roan; Oct. 14, 1916; by Vil- lage Supreme 428865. Bred by H. Ogden & Son. Sold to Fred C. Merry, Kansas City, Mo..........

2,450

1,500

1,525

2,100

1,700

1,750

1,025

1,000

1,350

2,350

1,650

The Shorthorn in America

Imp. Aikbank Mina, red; Sept. 20, 1916; by Aikbank Swell (129079). Bred by J. W. Barnes, Cumber- land, England. Sold to S. A. Nelson & Sons, Mal- colm, Neb.

Imp. Bright Queen 647421, roan; Sanquhar Searchlight 647420. Penrith, England. Sold to L. W. Bigley, ite, WG, sonagoounb bones cabUebU Oddo nodo oO obmOD

Imp. Greenhead Clipper, roan; June 20, 1916; by Merry Heart (121552). Bred by J. Handley, Greenhead, England. Sold to W. J. Thomas, Shelbyville, Ky.

Proud Flower 490896, red; May 9, 1915; by imp. Proud Marshal 422720. Bred by Maasdam & Wheeler, Fairfield, Iowa. Sold to Evans Bros., Maryville, Mo.

Lady Lavender 233622, roan; Dec. 18, 1913; by Sultan Archer 374780. Bred by Rigg & Glasgow, Mt. Sterling, Ill. Sold to Fred C. Merry, Kansas City, VIG) pe ctoverscoteatcusuel ote loyeiereisienelodemateusie o) 6 isiclie (elle telene ensyeimeuslelaiels

Parkdale Sultana 196774, red; May 27, 1914; by Dia- mond Goods 333014. Bred by Bellows Bros., Mary- ville, Mo. Sold to Jos. Miller & Sons, Granger, Mo,

Choice Princess 176016, red; Sept. 10, 1913; by His Highness 338002. Bred by A. C. Shallenberger, Alma, Neb. Sold to Geo. Greer, New Castle, Pa..

Dewdrop 2d 521345, roan; Dec. 5, 1915; by Prime Prince 421193. Bred by E. Ogden & Son. Sold to red. Gaa\lerry e WansasmOncy, WO Lummis. cles elsietele ists

Valleyview Rose 151701, roan; Oct. 23, 1910; by Pre- mier Lad 322565. Bred by A. O. Stanley, Sheri- dan, Mo. Sold to W. J. Thomas, Shelbyville, Ky.

Nonpareil Beauty 463915, roan; Feb. 26, 1915; by Glos- ter’s Victor 406727. Bred by Geo, Struve, Man- Mb Wonya, SKolel ko) (Exel, (Elwes cao os ane wo go OO

Village Lass 613516, roan; Jan. 7, 1917; by Village Excellence 430620. Bred by W. E. Summerville, Manning, Iowa. Sold to Fred C. Merry..........

Lady Mayflower 529892, roan; Oct. 20, 1915; by Mala- ka’s Goods 347247. Bred by H. D. Parsons, Bax- ter iow ase SOld elo eB ellOW Se ET OSI is cetieieicietsis s ccelenenere

Countess Victoria 3d and 4th (twin heifers), red; July, 1917; by Fairview Sultan 368100. Bred by F. H. Ehlers, Tama, Iowa. Sold to E. J. Thompson & Store, Waheed Ces a Bh oo. 6 OGOICGD ON ao SEROUS eke ties ave

Mayflower 5th, roan; Feb. 14, 1917; by Village Mar- shal 427572. Bred by Tomson Bros. Sold to Jackson & = White, vy bumley, (SS. Dette ciessciece ceneiern as

Flora 3d 667330, roan; Jan. 10, 1917; by Glenview Dale 38d 385371. Bred by Chas. Wier, Rio, Ill. Sold to He Re Mdwardss Alii Olio. crtdeputeniete eerste. ace

Sweet Avondale 202724 and cc, roan; Feb. 22, 1915; by Snow King 399287. Bred by Wm. Merritt Golding, Maryville, Mo. Sold to Cies Bros., Chillicothe, Mo.

Fair Beauty 196571, roan; Oct. 8, 1914; by Fair Acres Sultan 354154. Bred by EH. Ogden & Son, Mary- ville, Mo. Sold to J. H. Crist, Skidmore, Mo.....

April 2; 19163) by Bred by John Gill, Fair-

MARYVILLE, MO., JUNE 13—BELLOWS BROS.

Village Supreme 423865, roan; Nov. 9, 1914; by Sultan

1,375

1,825

1,925

1,125

1,400

1,700

1,400

1,500

1,600

1,050

1,150

1,000

1,200

1,250

1,650

7,050

Supreme 367161. Bred by Bellows Bros. Sold to

AEKOtonah Coa Auaubdey Tetoecikeny. Se IDG séacconccusvasend $16,500 Parkdale Rex 424166, white; Sept. 28, 1914; by Sultan

Supreme 367161. Bred by Bellows Bros. Sold to

Hi Ce Lookabaugh sw Vatoneds (Ola seme eee ete 3,700 Hampton’s Sultan 592565, white; Dec. 2, 1916; by Sul-

tan Supreme 367161. Bred by Bellows Bros. Sold

to-D: M.iGrege,. Barrisonville; Mons see. ee ere onee 1,700 Parkdale Emblem 576170, roan; Feb. 4, 1917; by Ra-

dium 385197. Bred by Bellows Bros. Sold to J.

He Crist, (Skidmore, Mame... sincere eee eine 2,000 Clipper Baron 576169, roan; April 4, 1917; by Park-

dale Baron 4103638. Bred by Bellows Bros. Sold

to) Jasa Ss Johnstons HioldneseauNebiienieneteine ie 1,350 Parkdale Wista 242037, roan; Jan. 12, 1915; by Silver

Goods 398198. Bred by Bellows Bros. Sold to

S. A. Nelson & Sons, Malcolm, Neb............. 2,150 Sittyton Beauty 5th 159671, red; Sept. 2, 1909; by

Faithful Archer 279841. Bred by H. F. Ross,

Rochelle, Ill. Sold to George Greer............ tg) Cyt 0D Sultan’s Maid 248500 and ce, roan; April 5, 1913; by

Sultan Victor 3438514. Bred by G. H. Hasebrook

& Son, Neodesha, Kan. Sold to G. C. Miller,

Unionville, Mowe. aaceeen. colicMice oe cnet ome 1,750 Sultana Countess 478904 and cc, red; April 4, 1915; by

Red Sultan 355658. Bred by Littrell Bros., Clark,

Mo; (Sold toWJ. He Onist. Skidmore, sMosssoee Pa ea F2) Westlawn Secret 3d 195613, roan; Jan. 21, 1913; by

Hampton’s Successor 286217. Bred by Bellows

Bros. Sold to Moore Bros., Ravenwood, Mo..... 1,575 Waycross Mina 117244 and cc, roan; Sept. 5, 1910; by

Prince Robin 248348. Bred by M. L. Andrews,

Melbourne, Iowa. Sold to B. W. Aylor, Grandin,

Linwood Favorite 268242. Bred by I. M. Forbes

& Son, Henry, lle sold, toe. Wa Ay lors 1,800

Bred by Lit- trell Bros., Clark, Mo. Sold to Jos. Miller & Sons,

Granger, Mo.

July 1, 1918

Goldenia 4th 214656, red; Sept. 6, 1914; by Bapton Pride 4th 391802. Bred by W. A. Forsythe & Sons, Greenwood, Mo. Sold to H. C. Duncan, Os- DORE OMe cnrekens, ccatgete s =. sialerase hon susie miem emit nal aicatiatare

Victoria 15th 231232, red; Oct. 2, 1913; by Sovereign

Hampton 348049. Bred by #. Moore & Son. Sold tOmGeOm GreebmNew, Castle. Pa Jadumena tea caleerse

Diamond Sultana 164488, roan; May 17, 1913: by Dia- mond Goods 333014. Bred by Bellows Bros. Sold WO: (Ge WWG Tieton qaoe PNG: AieNeeion IMIRodian on aan ooodo cdo

Queen of Beauty 31st 242038 and cc, roan; Oct. 2, 1914; by Radium 385197. Bred by Bellows Bros. Sold to ©. Ogden & Son, Maryville, Mo........

Choice Lavender 219672 and be, red; Sept. 15, 1913; bye OChorcemikarehi 253397. Bredaby. He =AwsEless: Council Bluffs, Iowa. Sold to M. J. Hickey, Man-

LTS eee OW eUalne eerere ote core te «5. 5 wisua a MapURA, Stones aM okehacwera tee Victoria Hampton 2d 226798, red; March 12, 1915; by Sovereign Hampton 348049. Bred by E. Moore & Son, West Liberty, Iowa. Sold to A. W. Carey, EV VCIVET oe es samen Alenclic, ss .o o,lnie site etetaae eas temenenetemaiemere ene a

Diamond Rose 195668, red; Sept. 24, 1913; by Diamond Goods 333014. Bred by Bellows Bros. Sold to Jee Oris So KTdmOres IV. <)..cciticmnsrs ate crete Cities ees

Barmpton Lady 7th 140051, roan; Jan. 10, 1911; by Barmpton Prince 286472. Bred by L. C. Reese, Prescott, Iowa. Sold to Theisen Bros., Osmond, INDE. SAG le AICO CREDITS ROO CDE. Cont ene tan

Victoria 18th 231234, roan; Sept. 25, 1914; by Sovereign Hampton 348049. Bred by E. Moore & Son. Sold tomAnOkaw Harm Sum VW atkeshay VWise acracieieiereike clei

Knight’s Rose 161354 and cc, roan; Sept. 1, 1911; by Knight’s Goods 336120. Bred by S. P. Emmons & Son, Mexico, Mo. Sold to S. A. Nelson & Sons, INRA GOlma, SEN GE mere acers rete ls «/s,'s @ cleletesasis crsten caboneree utaeteraye

Hampton’s ‘Myrtle 226790, red; Jan. 13, 1913; by Sov- ereign Hampton 348049. Bred by EH. Moore & Son. Sold to Hopley Stock Farm, Atlantic, Iowa......

Lady Orange Blossom 4th 132242, red; Jan. 18, 1910; by Missie’s Robin 254806. Bred by Joseph Dun- can. Sold to H. C. Lookabaugh, Watonga, Okla.

Lady Orange Blossom 6th 214291 and be, roan; July 25, 1912; by Prince Violet 321184. Bred by Joseph Duncan, Osborn, Mo. Sold to J. H. Crist, Skid- AMOS: IMO. co uloh dooce Cd Uomo OOGH EOC On bueaGoo

Linwood Clara 3d 47899 and cc, red; Oct. 22, 1907; by Matchless Robin 268244. Bred by I. M. Forbes & Son. Sold to Ry. A. Marshall, Ollie, lowa.-:....:

Coleen 3d 60480 and cc, red; March 20, 1909; by Matchless Robin 268244. Bred by J. F. Prather, Williamsville, Ill. Sold to Haigler Ranch, Haig- Isic, INGE veeoet soot gape DoE e Sooonassobconmop.

Miss Lily 81151, red, little white; Oct. 12, 1908; by Sultan 227050. Bred by N. A. Lind, Rolfe, Iowa. Sold to Prewitt & Sons, Clarksville, Mo........

Sweetheart 6th 253287, red; May 31, 1914; by Sultan Supreme 367161. Bred by Bellows Bros. Sold to IDS SN, IDaAy, Olluakisncllley BWWOs Gadcedccooc seco snccas

White Gipsy 161939, white; Feb. 8, 1913; by Count Nonpareil 351033. Bred by Wm. Herkelmann, El- wood, Iowa. Sold to Owen Kane, Wisner, Neb...

Miss Pearl 193165, red; April 2, 1913; by Hallwood Sign 336585. Bred by C. T. Nelson, Blandinsville, Ill. Sold to D. Warnock & Son, Loveland, Colo.

Crestmead Cicely 3d 129175, roan; Oct. 27, 1909; by Orange Model 317228. Bred by W. A. Betteridge, Pilot Grove, Mo. Sold to A. O. Stanley, Sheri- Gene Wi, Aobeotaseaours® buarmon GomepOourarmon as co

Roan Princess 226796, roan; Aug. 21, 1914; by Sov- ereign Hampton 348049. Bred by E. Moore & Son. Sold to Fred GC. Merry, Kansas City, Mo.........

Mysie Cumberland 189575, roan; Oct. 10, 1913; by True Cumberland 3d 353220. Bred by Wm. Her- kelmann, Elwood, Iowa. Sold to J. H. Crist, Sigighators, Wie.) .sn0Gc0 oo oreo OOO 6 odin. clcidig vie o Osc

Pride’s Gem 4th 183776 and be, red; Nov. 21, 1911; by Scottish Lad 379588. Bred by Owens Bros., Home- stead, Iowa. Sold to P. BE. Salter, Augusta, Kan..

1,050

1,100

3,000

3,600

1,400

1,600

1,675

1,000

1,025

1,525

1,350

1,100

1,025

1,400

1,600

1,150

1,100

1,000

1,050

1,650

1,800

1,300

Fond Secret 203860, roan; June 30, 1912; by Fond

Memory 320270. Bred by Anoka Farms, Wauke-

sha, Wis. Sold to BE. Ogden & Son, Maryville, Mo. 1,475 Fancy Laura 2d 474002, roan; Sept. 3, 1915; by Village

Faney 417901. Bred by A. C. Berry, Unionville,

NID MES O1G CO: See ACMINGe SON cu OL1Si terrier etrshetererciats 1,075 Queen of Beauty 40th 576176, roan; April 30, 1917; by

Village Supreme 423865. Bred by Bellows Bros.

Sold tto Owen Kane, Wisner IN€bi. io... 1.0. 3,900 Queen of Beauty 37th 557843, red; May 10, 1916; by

Parkdale Baron 410363. Bred by Bellows Bros.

Sold to D. Warnock & Son, Loveland, Colo...... 2,000 Gassies 4th #558212) roams) Aprillyo 19163 by Village

Faney 417901. Bred by A. C. Berry, Unionville,

Nios Sold tomlin Webicleyommalictare UVlOn oc... er 1,675 Fancy Augusta (twin) 489907, roan; May 14, 1915; by

Village Fancy 417901. Bred by A. C. Berry, Union-

ville, Mo. Sold to R. A. Marshall, Ollie, Iowa.... 1,500 Wellington Lassie 5th 595241, roan; June 20, 1916; by

Dale Magnet 424287. Bred by Owen Kane, Wis-

ner, Neb. Sold to F. BE. Handorf, Clarinda, Iowa. 1,600 Parkdale Augusta 5th 598744, roan; Feb. 12, 1917; by

Parkdale Rex 424166. Bred by Bellows Bros. Sold

tO Dw Warnock é..Son) tovelands Colon. secre ss 1,500 Parkdale Sultana 3d 597020, roan; July 24, 1916; by

Parkdale Baron 410363. Bred by Bellows Bros.

Soldato, No Re Runde Elurley.ie San iD hsie crs erieteate 2,500 Columbia 19th 512690, roan; March 20, 1916; by Cum-

berland Diamond 403820. Bred by A. O. Stanley,

Sheridan, Mo. Sold to Fred C. Merry, Kansas

ON ALE Ko Meant te. 7 Denes eden son Peete min ee wake 1,775 Gregg’s Farm Victoria 589560, roan; April 11, 1916; by

Gregg’s Villager 417786. Bred by D. M. Gregg,

Harrisonville, Mo. Sold to Fred C. Merry....... 1,530 Sweet Violet 599755, roan; Aug. 24, 1916; by Village

Flash 387926. Bred by HE. M Hall, Carthage, Mo.

Soldmeto, Fred Geer y jaune teieeiiae erence skee erere 1,825

LEXINGTON, NEB., JUNE 14—GEO. ALLEN & SONS

Golden Lady 9th 200777, roan; Nov. 12, 1912; by Vic-

tor Sultan 296335. Bred by Geo. Allen & Sons.

Sold to S. A. Nelson & Sons, Malcolm, Neb....... $3,100 Lady Missie 41st 493326, red; May 24, 1915; by Victor

Sultan 296335. Bred by Geo. Allen & Sons. Sold

UO Uy JE Agtb aes Tako INN cccannuuusoonaseas ends 1,725 Victoria Lady 96675 and be, red; Oct. 10, 1909; by

Victor Sultan 296335. Bred by Geo. Allen & Sons.

SoOldmbow Os eA wea wlerw axbOnemIN\e Deere err ere enor 1,050 Lady Augusta 12th, red; May 24, 1917; by Rosewood

Sultan 2d 410898. Bred by Geo. Allen & Sons.

Soldeto LL, E. Gambles Hawardens) lowa...e.. +s 25 Lady Clipper 4th 200784 and cc, red; Aug. 18, 1912; by

Victor Sultan 206335. Bred by Geo. Allen & Sons.

Soldiito Owen Kanes Wasners Neb anide seis ciee ces 1,825 Village Maid 595746, roan; July 9, 1916; by Victor Sul-

tan 296335. Bred by Geo. Allen & Sons. Sold to

SaEASm NielSOnmcc SONS lal Colne Nie ber nteeirieerets 1,750 Lady Augusta 11th 595738, red and white; July 6, 1916;

by Count Lavender 3d 376128. Bred by Geo. Allen

& Sons. Sold to J. R. Colville, Oskaloosa, Iowa.. 1,100 Dewdrop Choice 210082 and cc, roan; March 29, 1914;

by Choice Archer 384311. Bred by J. C. Moorman.

Sold to S. A. Nelson & Sons, Malcolm, Neb...... 1,275 Lady Missie 34th 235839, roan; Aug. 11, 1913; by Avon-

dale’s Best 333417. Bred by Geo. Allen & Sons.

Sold to Wm. Tornaden, Council Bluffs, Iowa.... 1,100 Lavender Lily 8th 235884 and be, red; Aug. 12, 1913;

by Victor Sultan 296335. Bred by Geo. Allen &

SOnSHEENS O1G atom Neuer as Ex unnglelllemel Tuner am conn) sue euere 1,250 Orange Lily 11th 572282, red; May 16, 1916; by Victor

Sultan 296335. Bred by Geo. Allen & Sons. Sold

tOpbiaioler RanehwkialsilernedNelncmmneiee cree ein 1,125 Lady Clipper 12th 602023, red; Oct. 17, 1916; by Vic-

tor Sultan 296335. Bred by Geo. Allen & Sons.

SoOldtomi Recs oa Ss OM Samat ereaN elon iis aateiepeicnere 1,100 Lady Cinderella 13th 493321, red; July 2, 1915; by Avon-

dale’s Best 333417. Bred by Geo. Allen & Sons.

SLONIGL! {roy gaimaah od Monmalene Geipiois ani mono moeee Hole Gee 6 1,850 Sweet Jasmine 12th 572283, red; April 21, 1916; by Vic-

tor Sultan 296335. Bred by Geo. Allen & Sons.

Sold to J. L. Harshbarger & Son, Humboldt, Neb. 1,050

DES MOINES, IOWA, March 18th and 14th, GRAND ISLAND. NEB. March 19th, PUBLIC SAILIE IOWA SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ ASS’N. SALE NEBRASKA SHORTHORN BIREHDERS’ ASS’N Sold for. Average.

Sold for. Average.

POODLES. as svfercierete sosraeuw oi eae cuaemrwite Pin eek abel © $245.00 Ose bullishes peemer ade ae Oeka OLO0 epilifacon: ! GGr POMS Fark a tecrcpsehanete tera ae Ont ic 240.00 43 TOMAS Bie eee cpaiereceei vie a onere 8,220.00 191.16 NORTH PLATTE, Neb., March 7th. 195 head MR ipaa it Canes 243.50 © IMG to sadcouutuetapandeme 22 esos aersyakt e INTTY Top bull, Pride’s Hmblem...... rakonsoy ~ See Gy Sand le eran ecocsccresis ele cesta BSOL00 7 Fe scores STROLLBERG, LANDHOLM & BROWNFIELD % : A ( is : © Sold for. Avetdve. Top female, Sunmy Maid 10th.. 1,050.00 ...... HOOPESTON, ILL., March 19th,

NOG Aon ebtorinde oe oekoeieEe Sie - 2) nloGcds) SIOUX CITY, IOWA, March 15th, EEE MONS ETOCS Pee Ayerage 1G: EIS: grucnodood 05 neSeeOen in... L000 INTERSTATE ISHORTHORN BRUNDERSIEASS'N) 44 pultg Meee) 2210.00. 15700

BoM TN Lacoste th. cere ae eee 4,970.00 150.00 Sold for. Average. = 7 A Gere te Wish aa 9195. i SINCE Cmeailaeyererststeatels eval if s C Ki DOpeOMAlONM wetetcn niet store acte, ciate 12,195.00 230.00 it@y wai Soonooreaceoceccaseen 254) 00) atecerexeze (es WOW’ cconsocc patter e seen es 18.965.00 252.505 Gz nica deen eae ea ite ta oe eee 14,405.09 214.00 Top bull, Gloster’s Pride....... GS ON ees. Top bull, Silver Lee Dale X... 305 OO MARSHALLTOWN, IOWA, March 8th, SCRIBNER, NEB., March 18th. Top female, Rosemary Lady.... 475.00 vaese

op RPTpDERA! WISNIESKI BROS. CEDAR RAPIDS, IOWA, March 19th. MARSHALL COUNTY SHORTHORN BREEDERS Sold for. Average. LINN COUNTY (IA.) SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ ES AN IRANI poqoabebacoGuoegbogaDaS 2,310.00 165.00 ASIN

Sold for. Average. CPP rNIEE T nose anonedor lobodds 4,260.00 195.00 Sold for. Average MOC RG Re ee ee ee ees ON.) 23000 RaeSO: HOAd vag tec weet ven sein G,9T0200 WAS2.00 47 Meade eae. ae. ne ad aphee tact fitness, 288,00 Top bull, Nonpareil Count...... 530.00.) geic-ce Top bull, King’s Pride........ 275000 eee. . <2 Top bull, Denmark Sultan...... BIS.00") vain.

Top female, Secret Violet 2d... AD OO! Me castekeyene Top female, Strathallan Maid.. 440.00 Bat savas Top female, Royal Lady....... 450.00

eee eee

LOWELL, IND., March 2l1st. OREN THOMAS

Sold for. Average. avehsteesialsleehe/ave overs Cmanepade cia lXe) S001O0 eee reer

ee cene

Top female, Nora Thaxton 2d..

MELBOURNE, IOWA, March 21st. M, L. ANDRHWS Sold for. areas

6: bulls Were estetetereisl= Abanintoa 4 40 females ....... Gave levenel 46 head ..... Srefencteseieie asicore Sus fee a 22,565.00 Top bull, Uneeda Robin....... 685.00 Top female, Merry Lass........ 1,300.00 PLATTE, S, D., March 22d. LIEN BROS. Sold for. Average. TA DULlS. hale tremstetereieiereveleters) svenetene ste) terse sjerstere 301.00 POEM Lcactouaocosmacncens oneieo+ 231.00 DU heads ceiciske aieleusoncersteierer-(alenere 5,835.00 278.00 Top bull, Prince Wonder....... 500.00 weisieiete B05 00 crecrecte

Top female, Orchard Mary.....

MANNING, IOWA, March 22d. W. BE. SUMMERVILLE, Gray, Iowa, and GEORGH

STRUVE, Manning, lowa Sold for. Average.

[DIRE WespemoooucsocnUSe 8006 4,055.00 405.50 36 females Uno ass ett eroeiale 18,410.00 511.00 46 head ......cesees Orelele sles: ciste 22,465.00 488.37 Top bull, Roan Victor 3d...... 80000 (cee sies Top female, Miss Ramsden 5th

Chisl Wen aoogounud0d Sah SO See SA 000 200 F wearcisrers

CHEROKEE, IOWA, March 22d. F. C. HUBER Sold for. Average.

INKY Gaocsoousooooss Sekenstelets 8,195.00 152.00

"5 females Samorro8 bewceseccue 1,648.00 —-206:00

29 head ..... Mi Sae ehsueceteiobeleeieseneccts 4,843.09 160.00

Top bull, Missie Sultan........ 385.00 .. : Top females, Lady ees aneaster 2d and cc,

aan 250.00" 2.3...

each

RCUS, IOWA, March 25th. a \ MILLER & BROWN Sold for. Average.

weet eee e ences eee eee estes

Be ranstereia tore ie corn ete 2,450.00 120.00 seve ales eee Ee Ua 5,085.00 181.50 TOSS oyctooarosdnaagoenooss 6 7,535.09 157.00 Top bull, Sultan Malaka......-- 425.0089 Wieve ste) Top female, Monica D......--- 290.00 ......

CEDAR RAPIDS, tO re ee abe /ERKELMA ; wood, lowa. Sale ase Sold for. Average.

10 bulls ........ fe cveraskerohtrsters ad cossUioS 361.00 99 femaleS .....0----cereserrees ceeereee caton BOVNIsb mqgconcandoucoOUUOduoDG SOGrb oc f

Top bull, White Amateur...... 680.00 .---.. Top female, Nonpareil Type..-- 1,300.00 ......

MA CITY, OKLA., March 26th. Meee reo J. R. WHISLER Sold for. Average.

Pele ieiatotensisierensiaienai snes 4,900.00 445.55 29 pe ar eee 8170.00 281.75 AQ Wedd “sce. csc ccs eee ems 13,070.00 326.75 Top bull, Cumberland’s Type 2d 1,000.00 .....- Top female, Fair Mildred...... ADO SOO Ys mis ars = OKLAHOMA CITY. OKLA., March ES ON ce

‘) HORTHORN BREEDER’ Bees Sold for. Average.

12 pulls Bade Wiitee tetas ota streret vier sis iste Rens aiialiereraiees ee females .......- ue vaclirevatstavarrietstmier siete 228.

ie ead SRO ORGS Bion OOM Bee 84,475.00 204.00

Top bull, Pleasant Dale........ eo AcAdictG

Top female, Victoria Violet.... SOUTH OMAHA, NEB., March 26, 27, 28, 29. H. C. McKELVIB, Manager

Sold for. Average. Top bull, Roan Stamp.......-.- 425.00 Top female, Orange Maid 4th... 1,000.00 ...... OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA., March 27th. SCOTT & WOLSEY, Watonga, Okla.

aly ponouaconddacocenccoddG 5 ere Zo Semele Se pe docs 2 110 ae pag OO Top bull, Young Avondale..... 410.00 sence

450.00 ....--

Sold for. Average. 5,725.00 1,145.00

5 bulls ...-.--- afoqers ster statetelsrsleres f IGS secnbeng.booeuooace 47,520.00 1,160.00 & Head 6 miererers Soop ome mat Lats 58,245.00 1,157.50

Top bull, Villager’s Admiral... 2,000.00 Top female, Villager’s Grace- ful 2d 2350-00 Wl vseilere e FAIRFIELD, IOWA, March 28th and 29th. MAASDAM & WHEELER Sold for. Average. . 20,950.00 1,776.00

eeecee Pe ee

12 bulls

113 femiales WN fo ies.. k oka 96,650,000 858.00 125 aa URE lor eta suic sla aconmiavavavonslte 117,600.00 941.00 Top bull, imp. Royal Diamond.. 6,300.00 ...-. : Top female, imp. Golden Bloom 800,00 a meetsieca: FAYETTEVILLE, ARK., March 29th.

. W. ARKANSAS BREEDERS’ ASS.N

Sold for. Average.

1G) [Mle Sack onoonanged ca tvtssslacerevcl Meters steewe 177.10 40 females .......... stent eateries) Me oAe, 69 head ........ eteyeietclessreseiaistee aoe SPAY) Top bull, Choice Goods Dale.... SOO OO iatercte ere Top female, Orange Lass....... GLOS00U eran. SPRINGFIELD, MO., March 380th,

SOUTHWEST MISSOURI SHORTHORN BREED-

ERS’ ASS’N. Sold for. Average.

APPT, satayaye aisiieiteceye lars fete cane tase ste te 5,140.00 214.00 83. females: blac: tee pigiece awe 11,365.00 344.50 YAGER cartoidncebeiod Hebiaico baron . 16,505.00 290.00 Top bull, Double Diamond..... 495,007 oles, Top female, Orange Crest 13th

and (cele... prolate telehedeie tetris rercrete ,095.00 eleters

OTTUMWA, IOWA, March 30th, D. A. JAY, Blakesburg, Iowa, and W. P. DON-

ALD, Clio, Iowa h Sold for. Average. SGI Sears tates ters steels, Stee $ 2,275.00 $207.00 46 females ....... Socans Sere 11,890.00 280.00 MAP ITO BL Pre iee\el stove renetoretstee Bay efouscere .. 14,165.00 250.00 Top bull, Rosewood Dale..... : 395.00 ee civic Top female, Bellows Beauty.... TGeO00 Weaecsts

ROCHELLE, ILL., March 30th. J. A. COUNTRYMAN & SON Sold for. Average.

3 335.00 Top bull, Villager’s Knight.... 750.00 Top female, Victoria of Linden OOOO? Meckvete ms SPRINGFIELD, MO., April Ist. MISSOURI SHORTHORN BREEDPRS’ ASSN Sold for. Average.

LO MOTTL US Wyn ss rateseisvovel oeuerens epstsshtstahers 5,800.00 212.00 384 females .-. 11,890.00 349.00 59 head .-- 17,190.00 291.00 Top bull, Double Diamond . 495.00 ....0. Top female, Orange Crest 13th DINE IOC tence. acerca pele nehevarsterteks 120952000 keecdercle HARLAN, IOWA, April 2d. DR. E, A. COBB AND JOHN C. NYRUP Sold for. Average. GMO WITS eas cs letedere oversee eae es 1,055.00 176.11 SASLOTOATES® .], diersts crotsinarnacee neers 8,580.00 252.35 AOMWe ald Fie... erases. ss seve eee ciemiewen 60,680.00) = 240575 FRO PWD Uy. < anes cacece ha tetare sertrevenetne 265-00 9 oesistes Top female, Duchess Pride 24d. 450.00 ...20.

HASTINGS, NEB., April 2d. BLANK BROS. & KLEEN, Franklin, Neb. Sold for. Average.

alfs) JOU. 2 Menain Cerca EpanoduonS Gnscdess 220.00 Cp Sie A CIB RMA AMG nGretoor! Gado tens 310.00 Top bull, Upperhill Fame...... ASS.000 ieee

Top female, Upperhill Queen... LAURENS, IOWA, April 8d, RYON & FERGUSON (Shorthorns and Polled

Durhame. ) Sold for. Average, DOR DULS sve tersse.sye welste siete : --- 5,310.00 332.00 38 females 8,560.00 225.00 ABW OA ieera-c bones hee jevevecelereeste 13,870.00 257.00 Top bull, 10000 Fe eyae ses Top female, Sweet Brier Queen 400000 Fee eicic< FARNAM, NEB., April 3d and 4th. HIGHLINE SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ ASS’N.

Sold for. Average.

(ats) BeyuNl Kea oe deans, Okica mace 9,195.00 158.538 ASE TEMAS. he wissisiorehe sielet secleretces 9,670.00 224.88 LOM NEAM .s.c0ssccsedecgs ws sess atersie sche 18,865.00 186.78 Top bull, Silver Standard...... Si, OOM aaletorcts

Top female, Hampton Queen 2d 455-00 ree tieiet. KANSAS CITY, MO., April 3d and 4th.

CENTRAL SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ ASS’N. Sold for. Average.

Hed OMNIS Seaver tererreicvousteteterscersleherenets 26,995.00 224.95 SO females dao asics nes ees 29,120.00 364.00 OO) WEA) eh aiciasrtecatiee leis eters aare 56,115.00 280.57 Top bull, August Dale......... UPACCOKOO sananu Top female, Ravensw’d Lady 2d 1,250.00 Eaneierate COFFEYVILLE, KAN., April 5th, SOUTHEAST KANSAS BREEDERS’ ASS’N

Sold for. Average.

Gre (owes aso Sonne on betone 5,755.00 213.20 AQ females, sarc uti sceee ceric s Beis 11,570.00 289.25 Gitiallesidl ia crorsteePsic ie ixestterts te eis tame 17,325.00 273.50 Top bull, Kansas Archer...... TODS0O serekeres Top female, Helen 51st and cc. 1,000.00 ...... CAMBRIDGE, NEB,, April 5th. S. W. NEBRASKA SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ AS Sold for. Average. AMY WLS) e534 ctend ye nas) sis vtesseve sees 7,640.00 186.34 AG? PEMA TES Ware ac sta seerstcte we ayere enerei 10,395.00 263.25 (stay Vol sto s lee Mee ne ereitces aioe te ere 18,035.00 212,17 Nop bull, Roan, Duke..)..% saanc 500.00 3 ase ere Top female, Gloster’s Glory 2d 1,010.00 ...... CAMBRIDGE, NEB., April 6th. A. C. SHALLENBERGER & THOS. ANDREWS Sold for. Average. DD DULLISE Vo iatere seca esnve eon eserves 3,650.00 304.00 SiMe em ales pcerstensieustan erect eereis reels 13,380.00 432.00 ABS WG Se yavsters al cistere ileus copa ausreis weleteye 17,030.00 396.00 Top bull, Scotch Mist 2d...... 900.00 Pree Top female, Mary Mist and cc. 1,000.00 ......

HURON, S. D., April 9th, oO. S. FERRY & SON Sold for. Average.

Gebuil sw vacie. te tptere 785.00 130.00 22 females ; 4,485.00 204.00 DS MNGRM Hoa eyeiahcke dete mes vausistien-e were 5,270.00 188.00 Top bull, Huron Sultan 200.00 ~~ Sawens

Top female, Alice Ruby 2d.... HURON, S. D., April 10th, SOUTH DAKOTA SHORTHORN BREEDERS’

ASS’N Sold for. Average. ANyE DULG, ehesarorn eereve ar eucleteiers sat nepeieae is ena ietet ers 252.00 ALOE fem AOS etre sveteuetoierel ste creretstearcers 2,660.00 266.00 Bor head) “res. cts eiiacsralseasils sti seelete hens 264.00 Top bull, Primrose Pride...... 1,025.00 aisenets Top female, Honor Maid...... 655.00 ..

SAN FRANCISCO, CAL., April 11th, CALIFORNIA SHORTHORN BREEDDRY’ ASS’N, Sold for. Average.

=) DUDS oicjeen steer cvcne opel geval eveevehevemec teatsvehs se OOGL OO coer) LOMNAIES: caictert aie tacrel sssrele eis serercun etsteuatarn cee 476.20 GO: MEAG, 2 feescssreceis he ttle areas alae ere eal Sele 406.35 Top bull, Rookwood Monogram. 2,000.00 ...... Top female, Mayflower......... 15500500) ie cnr. TABOR, IOWA, April 17th. ROY LAIRD Sold for. Average, HEL | TUT sects snenon stats lteter teu neeeoe te 2,565.00 233.13 ml fEmMBles! \ dea awised eh neat 10,525.00 339.51 Bo HEB Wa cee. snen gtk ee ome +. 13,090.00 311.65 Top bull, Valley Oak’s King... BUI ahogyn Top female, Flossie 2d........ MLO. 00: Sires cnne

The Shorthorn in America

GREAT FALLS, MONT., April 17th.

MONTANA SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ ASS’N. Sold for. Average.

1S SlOMBAVe see. ei elece res eecerostelclates. Merona acc $236.00) GOWNS a etre favs, sucre re + avscoie scolstate rey ielalleisys F 195.00: Top bull, Dale’s Renown..... eo 500; 00MM oases Top female, Lady Marion...... SHALL) Gooans

REMBRANDT, IOWA, April 23d. G. J. THEISS & SON Seld for. Average.

Gua US ereies 1 s-eeicisvars oselbs ters eterna 1,575.00 263.00 DAT CMU Sa cree a's eysvereso'ei «alerers asrete 38,835.00 720.00 GO! Ga dieses ois.s e.siestre + syecrere wieraysite 40,410.00 673.00 AL Op eb ULL Meetersess seve leeieyers:s aos eia esata 305.00 pooae

Top female, Proud Rose and be 1,900.00 Age 536

SIOUX CITY, IOWA, April 24th. J, B. McMILLAN, Rock Rapids, Iewa Sold for. Average.

EL NOWENIS: oo. bolt eec tery en OPS 2,720.00 550.0 40 LOMAIG SIE, caicie steve: «veventinc , . 27,860.00 690.00 Ay” WO aid ete aysiare csste-a: eve ene sve elt crete 30,580.00 680.00 Top bull, Village Secret........ 900.00 ...... Top female, imp. Sally........ ARBZOL OOM wateteterere

HUNTERTOWN, IND., April 24th. FT, WAYNE DISTRICT SHORTHORN

BREEDERS’ ASS’N. Sold for. Average. G2head Bedee iiss tcc sees cies siattied Meas - 290.00 Top bull, Village Favorite..... TSO 00) Fee ciate Top female, Trusty Goods..... 635000 Waese

ATLANTA, IND., April 25th,

O. C. LOWHR AND DR. GEO. C. WOOD Sold for. Average. AO NCADP Rs cis» sidletelsie.s Sissi cyaveyese rsh bd Breceveteis 566.00 Top bull, Maxwalton Manor.... 2,800.00 ...... Top female, imp. Princess Broamhooks) <lssreupeatemieetecs 6 0) 1547.5: 00) Me etic:

ONTARIO, ORE., April 25th, NORTHWEST yet tay BREEDERS’ 'N.

Sold for. Average.

BOM se6anumes Risic creer oA eerie -70: UT ALOTMANES Meee ereareie te slbtandisdd aietere ase ecobeud = Serer Glebe a A epsyers siete, sinc ems canto otro an ee 284.00) Top bull, Gloster Knight..... Zi AOD: 00 Wevetcc tie Top female, Young Mary....... 450,00) sannine

SIOUX CENTER, IOWA, April 25th. H. EH. DeVRIES, Hull, Iowa; A. J. GROTENHUIS & SON. Sioux Center, Iowa Sold for. Average.

LOW DU Stress lenciiers ave SOS rh 4,125.00 413.00 2 tae LOmaesiee. ca joes erect ava Baie 11,235.00 416.00 SHON IKE 7c Sinaia cae i ti SCAG 15,360.00 415.00 Top bull, St. Augustine....... 15550,00) Wee cain Top female, Lady Annie 25th.. 000500 RiGee

WHEATON, ILL., April 26th, THOMAS STANTON Sold for. Average.

48 head ....... Ris Soma. ae os 35,650.00 T4

Top bull, Oaklawn Selection... 700.00 ees

Top female, Layender Wreath - GEhgandebCa Semmes. othe as 1,400.00 mits

SHENANDOAH, IOWA, April 30th. ECONOMY STOCK FARM

Du DU Mme. aecee et er SMe aoe 300 0 Bi Pointe sh Ses em hae oe Rats og AY WENA recites aie Aeae oe ee 492.00 Top bull, Beauty’s Diamond... 525.00 a

Top female, Diamond Beauty.. 1,350.00 aes

46 head 5

eleteter esis sy telcos Pisce nee 11,095. Top bull, Roan Scotchman..... 250.00 eure Top female, Lady Dale....... 5 700.00 . : es

Neb.;

+ bul Sold for. Average.

2) AR San a . 1,550.00 1,550.00

Fi ee ee nee ae deters carotoye easton 963.00

Top bull, Ruberta’s Goods ; eevee ae DUOC SNM Meer ister aie tyaccims ren ae 1,550.00

Top female, Lady Violet 8th... 2'575.00 21177"

Sold for, Average,

co MISS Seager = 51 females 1,850.00 OUnCaaeMme .. erae eS pone

5 bulls Sold for. Average.

CNTR cir Okada RSE OS 3,515.00 703.00 . cone plescshelotetssaisvcrsrareeMh ote oie 37,550.00 915.00 OCR ce wrtessecees 41,065 .00 893.00

Top bull, Cerney Villager. :./. 1,650.00 5 Top female, Sultan Strawberry é it SS holo Cena otaaee asia es a arated wie 175000 eee cce

HILLSBORO, TEX., May 15th, FRANK SCOFIELD Sold for. Average,

SHDUUISE oeresieisteeoiee« 4,800.00 1,600.

fe elstapenevelets a 4 A + -00 SAN TOMATOES: “55 sissia/s eve seeeeeeeee 31,055.00 1,000.00 SAMOA Fiore a creierters one fe atazetols ate - 85,855.00 1,052.00 Top bull, Barons Dale... ).... 2,800.00) sees 3 Top female, Village Flora 2d.. 3,000.00) Se ieere Re

WATONGA, OKLA., May 1%th, H. C. LOOKABAUGH

Sold for, Average. seeee- 20,050.00 4,010.00 s csuages ore eececeeeeee 38,825.00 1,021.71

f ste eee ete teseeseeeeee 58,875.00 1,369.1 Top bull, Max Acres Sultan... 13,200.00 er Top female, Roan Victoria and 3,150.00

CO ccccceccccccccssccccvcns

ee eeeee

eee eens

July 1, 1918

EL RENO, OKLA., May 17th.

LEE R. PATTERSON ESTATE

Sold fer. Average.

SY ie Prereie ceo ROmer tae ois Se $ 6,665.00 $512.00

MOOrTemales acc. scisc a aceon. 38,000.00 380.00

PASM RCA CLP eraatass o otceisiens le clear 41,755.00 396.00

Top bull, Pleasant Dale 3d.... 2,500.00 ...... Top female, Lady Daybreak and

DOMreresteiciers cc cecietstcrcrencrecti ee 775000:00 ener

GUELPH, ONT., May 2lst. J. A. WATT AND J. M. GARDHOUSBE Sold for. Average.

OOM CACM nate cccsfrierelatorelere: sietelcteramicrnce 47,790.00 810.00 Top bull, Gainford Mark bg Cd.co (20.00) waentene Top female, Orange Princess 2d 2/275.00 bsietersts

CAMBRIDGE, NEB,, May 22d, THOMAS ANDREWS, JR.

Sold for. Average. females OP ANIMA. weeelenssl siecle

325.75 MISSION HILL, S, ot May 24th, D. B. SMITH!

Sold for. Average.

GIERCAM ac cie crrsseitslcinsicies eietereteae 26,985.00 421.00

LONDON, OHIO, May 2th, MADISON COUNTY (OHIO) pe TPB O RM,

BREEDERS’ ASS’N

Sola for. Average.

me PA RE SUM a leieis sPaveligtett clic sie. 3 ceiaisht ma'en Srale.c.e8 250.00 RECT AICS: ceisicreiniciten cisiaeie le ntelveeale, slaayels asi 185.00 TOM MDUll entre deices «cant . 920.00 ...... TO Dee LeIIA lO Mare eistersla alsleielsieteieaisiere 595.00 ...... GRANVILLE, CENTER, PA., May 24th, 165 D. MAY (Milking Shorthorns)

Sold for. Average. BSPLCMAVCS Rr. chttere sy ieisiekanvaenc | alee: «s < 1,088.00 GODULES” ressipettstel sisters sets stae eieles, Sietsteesis sis 668.00 CONS CL TE Aa ie iad depiction ees ore 42,310.00 961.00 Top bull, Royal Signet...... are OO- OO! ue eters Top female, Welcome Queen... 38,000.00 ......

TIFFIN, OHIO, May 27th. SENECA COUNTY (OHIO) oa HORN BREEDERS’ ASS’N Sold for. Average.

Tes UTS) tersteterys tere eie!e can siauekacabeneeeneus 8,135.00 184.00 2S LOIN ALON Meee eteretal vist sl’ s!a\e hensteintays 7,470.00 325.00 AQ WECM ater crakere: a: ss ltaciois sealereeere es 10,605.00 265.00 Mopeoulle Royal Bud. 7.) +l 405.00 ( Seecy.< Top female, Lady Mulberry 2d. GOO00 “Sone BUCYRUS, OHIO, May 28th. CRAWFORD CO. (OHIO) SHORTHORN BREED- ERS’ ASS’N. Sold for. Average. Mg DUllsi erect cap cise wtnertiors ai etexsrece. 1,350.00 193.00 OIE eM BCS tesco a isl ehesreete ete 4,980.00 226.00 PO PHCAM Recta cays evs (orn srecerevoaldels ars 6,330.00 211.00 Top bull, King Sultan.......... 320.00 Maeeaee Top female, Pride’s Blossom... BS0.00 anes GRANGER, MO., May 29th. JOS. MILLER & SONS Sold for. Average. BRDU Sversterteratarsisisus. es. oseeeusveriters 10,625.00 2,125.00 Yh HO TENCC cisantite daemon acortted 36,500.00 986.00 ADWDOR. mranterorels aie sVarhe eo tielstoreuuats 47,125.00 1,122.00 Top bull, Cumberland Choice... 6,500.00 ...... Top female, Gypsy Cumberland DAllimex se enter ete otsis ere ats: s etels eretsi siete SERIO | gesiboo

STOCKPORT, IOWA, May 30th. BHYNAS SONS & WELLS Sold for. Average,

Hey) seeqeemoosbunoneDcn8oe 10,300.00 1,288.00 Ao aN) Coscogeosecs dowccdon 29,620.00 530,00 CFeheQd a cpumsteecietrieiieesteereoD oO 20.00) | 624.00 Top bull, Max Marshal........ 35,000.00 ciel Top female, Malaka Missie 5th. 1, 675. OO Wrreteshes

CARTHAGE, MO., June Ist. H. C. JOHNS, Carthage, and COWGILL BLAIR, Oronogo, Mo. Sold for. Average.

MAUL SY piererotsiefd cicisleustes ccs cisiele alee 2110.00 80142 ASPLEMBALGS Me releleieisicrclaietelsiaisicia alee 11,795.00 274.30 BOM CA UE. ctaye stsveieterstecereneis as she eats 13,905.00 278.10 Top bull, Boone Grove Sultan 3d OOOO! Wereceiees Top female, Missie Maid....... SOGLOO) aevstere

SIOUX CITY, IOWA, June 11th. E. J. THOMPSON & SON, N. R. RUNDELL AND

JACKSON & WHITE, Hurley, S. Sold for. Average. AB VPOMS IES. rare w cla inia'sialele ote rers.s e'0 34,380.00 764.00 Top female, Augusta ‘12th serve TET5O.00) Pears

MARYVILLE, MO,, June 12th. EB. OGDEN & SON Sold for. Average.

EDULIS i crevacecerass: aor svev-eccyetaltere! sicas\ehe 6,250.00 1,250.00 BOLLEMAIGS Sou 5 os sleys hee cette ee 61,500.00 1,756.00 40vhead Wate ie se ee es oes 67,750.00 1,694.00 Top bull, Sterling Supreme.... 2,500.00 ......- Top female, imp. Aldsworth

Matchless and cc.......... Peo t50.00) Bence

MARYVILLE, MO., June 13th, BELLOWS BROS. Sold for. Average.

SaDULSe Hy ehe aeeeeeinee 20,200.00) 5,050.00 GOMTemAlS Sa A eretscr slater sites svess.15 ces 85,825.00 1,434.00 GOy Read Meri cisisietaatieiteles cre cic 111,075.00 1,709.00 Top bull, Village Supreme.... 16,500.00 ......

Top female, Q’n of Beauty 40th SHON Adooce OMAHA, NEB., June 14th, GEO. ALLEN & SONS Sold for. Average.

DULL Setereee raise che ora ererev eerste tae +e. 1,025.00 341.66 AAS LOMATOS! Vecrs oes sicleleveoal suetercrere . 42,500.00 965.90 AU ANGAL seiag ig ars ales's sielerece ate ; 43,525.00 926.06 Top female, Golden Lady 9th. 8,100.00 ......

DUNCAN, OKLA. BLAKE & SON Sold for. Average. UMM ALO A CLauvnte ctColsccistetelsrefototayaiaieretete cs) valeretetetecs « 398.00

BIREEDEIRS’ DURECTORY

Alphabetically Arranged SEND IN YOUR CARD.

ARKANSAS

A, T, LEWIS, Fayetteville, Ark,

Greenview Stock HWarm—We have at all times both Scotch and Scotch-topped males and females for sale,

CALIFORNIA

BUTTE CITY RANCH, Butte City, Glenn County, Cal, Herd headed by grandsons of Whitehall Sultan and Choice Goods. Also bred Berkshires, Shrop- Shires and ponies,

PACHECO CATTLE CO,, Hollister, Cal, Present herd bull, True Dale by Double Dale.

W. T, STAUTZ, Bloomington, Ill,

Ireland Grove Stock Farm—Herd bulls in sery- ice: Cumberland Gloster 664947, Village Dale’s Best 624710.

ROBERT R. WARD, Benton, Il,

W. W, WRIGHT, Toulon, Il, We endeavor to breed Shorthorn quality.

eattle of

INDIANA

ARTHUR HERRIMAN, Columbia City, Ind.

Glenarra Shorthorns—Dale’s Farewell by Avon- dale, out of imp, Rosewood 86th, heads a herd of high-class matrons of the richest breeding. Herd-headers at reasonable prices.

IOWA

M, L, ANDREWS, Melbourne, Iowa, Uneeda Robin 410288, or one of his get. them at Green Vale Stock Farm.

Buy

COLORADO

THE ALLEN CATTLE CO., Colorado Springs, Colo.

Herd bulls, Second Thought by Double Dale and Western Star by Second Thought. One hundred head in herd. Choice animals offered for sale. Correspondence invited.

THE CARR W, PRITCHETT RANCH, Steamboat Springs, Routt County, Colo, Mountain-bred Colorado Shorthorns. Herd sire— Loyal Stamp 494953, bred by Anoka Farms, a grandson of Whitehall Sultan.

DAVID WARNOCK & SONS, Loveland, Colo, Model Type Shorthorns headed by Model Type and Advyocate’s Model.

THE WESTERN SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ A§S- SOCIATION, W. L. Warnock, Secy., Love- land, Colo,

Western Shorthorn breeders, we can put you in touch with the Shorthorns for sale nearest your shipping point.

BACON & MULLANY, Waterloo, Iowa.

Prince Imperial Jr. 887156. Missie by Prince Imperial in service. Bulls by him for sale. Best families,

W. 0. CAMPBELL, Waterloo, Iowa, Graceful Baron 598282, a Gwendolyn by Baron Superb in service.

COOK & COOK, Independence, Iowa,

Fifty females, headed by British Knight, son of Rose of Blackwood 3d. Young stock and bred heifers always on hand. Catalog,

E, COSGRIFF & SON, Clarence, Iowa,

Breeders of Scotch Shorthorn cattle. Village Sport 493921 by Village Knight 367812 heads our herd of Scotch breeding females, Five young bulls for sale.

C, F. CURTISS, Ames, Iowa.

Herd headed by Count Avon 334946. Interna- tional Grand Champion. Cows of highest excel- lence and best Scotch breeding.

IDAHO

WM. MULHALL, Fenn, Idaho.

Oldest herd in Idaho. Young bulls and a few cows for sale. Sires in service: Type’s Model 429408 by Cumberland’s Type, Cloverleaf Pride 2d 506682 by Maxwalton’s Pride, Prince Booth 377105 by Annette’s Prince.

ILLINOIS

FINLEY BARRELL, Bath, Ill, Moscow Farm—Faultless Dale in Service.

J, N. BAUM & SON, Hume, Il,

Haven Stock Farm—Choice young bulls and heifers for sale by Snow King 485415. Write or come jand see them.

J, A, KILGOUR, Sterling, Ill,

Fair Acres—Champion Goods 410385, chief stock bull; five times Junior Champion at leading state fairs, 1915. Nothing for sale at present,

B. C, McCLENAHAN, Lafayette, III,

Prairie Farm—Villager’s Victory 503621 by Vil- lager in service. Young things by him for sale. Most select families. Farm 21% miles from city.

W. M. OAKES, Laura, Ill,

Oak Lawn Shorthorns. Bulls for sale sired by Roan Archer 429090, out of imp. Roan Lady 43d and sired by the great Canadian sire, Archer’s Hope. Former herd-header, Loyal Dale.

J. F, PRATHER, Williamsville, Ill.

Village Park Herd—Sires in use, the noted young bulls, Silver Knight and Superior Knight. Choice young stock for sale at all times.

C, F. RICE, Indianola, Il,

Homewood Shorthorns. Have a few bulls from 6 to 8 months old and can spare a few females. Farm % mile from station.

A, J, RYDEN, Abingdon, Il, Fashionable families. We breed for quality and utility.

F, H, EHLERS, Tama, Iowa, Fair View Farm—Roan Knight 2d in service, assisted by Fair View Sultan and Regal Sultan.

W. S. FRENCH & SON, Farmington, Iowa,

Herd headed by Village King 334462 by Villager, and Sovereign Chief 422116,a double grandson of Whitehall Sultan. We buy and sell Shorthorns; earlots a specialty.

HELD BROS., Hinton, Iowa, Golden Sultan and Cumberland Crest in service; 150 head. Leading families,

WILLIAM HERKELMANN, Elwood, Iowa,

Herd sires, True Cumberland 3d and Lavender Champion. Special offer, red Sultan and Mildred of Oakland. yearling. Herd numbers 135.

son of Princely Show as senior

C. H. JACKSON, Avoca, Iowa.

Oakwood Farm—Herd sires, Clipper Dale, grand- son of Villager and Proud Marengo by Marengo Dale. Breeding stock both sexes for sale. On main line R. I., 40 miles east of Omaha,

J. T, JUDGE, Carroll, Iowa,

Villager’s Victor 476749 by Sultan Standard 334975 by Whitehall Sultan in service. Always something to sell.

KRIZER BROS,, Eddyville, Iowa, Walnut Grove Farm—Mildred’s Stamp in sery- ice.

D, E, LOMAS, Villisca, Iowa,

Roan Diamond 424008 by Diamond Goods at head of herd of select matrons. Young bulls for sale. No females for sale at this time.

R. O. MILLER & SONS, Lucas, Iowa,

We have cows and heifers, bred in some of the best herds in Canada on hand for sale all the time.

JOHN MURPHY, Lone Rock, Iowa. Registered Shorthorns.

JOHN C. NYRUP, Harlan, Iowa.

Fairview Stock Farm—Augusta’s Rex 451568 heads herd, assisted by Scottish Duke 548117. Breeding stock for sale at all times.

C. A. OLDSEN, Wall Lake, Iowa.

Imp. Iverness Hall Mark 5301438 and Sultan 3d 278292, by Whitehall Sultan, in service. Stock of both sexes for sale.

L, C. OLOFF, Ireton, Iowa. Marr’s Avon 383858 in service. high-class Shorthorns,

Breeder of

THE ORLEANS STOCK FARM, Cresco, Iowa. Peter T. Hovey. Breeder of Shorthorn cattle, reds and roans. Excellent milkers.

FRANK T, PEMBERTON, Iowa Falls, Iowa.

Valley View Farm—Herd bulls, Royal Sultan 454557 by Royal Silver 2d, dam imp. Calceolaria 16th; Woodend Stamp 612607 by Royal Major, dam Woodend Beauty 9th. Forty choice females in herd.

W. E. PRITCHARD, Walnut and Avoca, Iowa,

On the main line of the Rock Island, 45 miles east of Omaha. Dale’s Clarion, a sire of show eattle by Double Dale in service. Young things by him for sale.

Cc. A. SAUNDERS & SONS, Manilla, Iowa. Cumberland Stock Farms—Always a good bull or heifer to sell.

SCHRANK BROS., Danbury, Iowa,

Breeders of Shorthorn cattle. Herd bulls in service. Proud Marshal’s Lad 509047 by Proud Marshal, Bonnie’s Knight 322563, Baron Avon 439764 by Count Avon.

E, R, SILLIMAN, Colo, Iowa.

Claverburn Farm—Diamond King, by imp. Bap- ton Admiral and out of imp. Diamond 31st in service.

UPPERMILL FARM, Wapello, Iowa.

Imp. Villager 295884, Sultan’s Last 363468, Vil- lage Crest 387924, herd bulls. Stock of both sexes for sale. John Garden, Mgr.

HOWARD VAUGHN, Marion, Iowa, Meee sten Shorthorns, headed by Village Ruler 387931.

KANSAS

CHARLES M, BAIRD, Arkansas City, Kan. Breeder of registered Shorthorns. Size and quality our aim. Visitors met by appointment.

HARRY T. FORBES, Topeka, Kan.

Cedar’ Heights Stock Farm—A choice collection of both individuality and breeding. Secret King 505254 in service.

H. E. HUBER, Meriden, Kan,

Cedar Hill Shorthorns—Bulls in service, Silk Goods, Vindicator, Butterfly, Orange Blossom, Violet Bud, Caroline, Wild Eyes and Miss Hudson matrons in herd. Young bulls for sale.

KANSAS STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE, Manhattan, Kan,

Sires in service, Matchless Dale by Avondale,

Marauder by Revolution, Narcissus Type by Cum-

berland Type. Forty high-class breeding females.

KITCHEN & KITCHEN, Burlingame, Kan,

Dragoon Valley Farm—Representing some of the best families. White Valentine 394161 and Hero Missie in service. Three roan bull calves for sale.

MEUSER & CO., Anson, Kan.

Registered Shorthorn cattle. Herd headed by Sycamore Chunk 440817. Our herd will bear in- spection.

THOMAS MURPHY & SONS, Corbin, Kan,

Spring Creek Shorthorns—Females of producing worth headed by the great sire Orange Goods. Choice young things for sale.

JOHN REGIER, Whitewater, Kan.

Alfalfa Leaf Shorthorns—A select herd of fe- males. Scotch Cumberland 489200 by Cumber- land’s Type in service.

ROBERT RUSSELL, Muscotah,° Kan, All Scotch herd. Walnut Type, grandson of Whitehall Sultan, in service.

P, E, SALTER, Wichita, Kan. Park Place Shorthorns—Herd headed by Bapton Corporal, Rosewood Dale and Newton Friar.

W. J. SAYRE, Cedar Point, Kan. Elmhurst Shorthorns—July Dale 420684 in service. Young bulls for sale.

TOMSON BROS., Dover and Cardonbale, Kan.

Most fashionable strains. Village Marshal, ‘Maxwalton Rosedale and Beaver Creek Sultan in service. 100 breeding females.

KENTUCKY

J. K. NORTHCUTT, Cynthiana, Ky.

Missies, Orange Blossoms, Duchess of Glosters, Lady Hopes, Nonpareils and several Bates fam- ilies. Herd headed by Sir Lord Albion. Fifty head. Carloads a specialty.

LOUISIANA

JOHN H, COCKERHAM, Luella, La. Castle Kirk Plantation—Tick immune bulls for beef herds a specialty.

MASSACHUSETTS

JOHN S, ANDERSON, Shelburne, Mass,

Hillside Milking Shorthorns—Select collection of dual-purpose matrons that are producers of beef as well as milk. Bridegroom 370791, «a richly bred son of Avondale in service. Choice bulls and heifer calves for sale.

NEW Rey ie SHORTHORN BREEDERS’

A list of the members having stock for sale and a booklet describing New England herds can be had from F. J. Curtin, Sec’y., Dalton, Mass.

MICHIGAN

BIDWELL STOCK FARM, Tecumseh, Mich, Flash Hallwood 496989, roan grandson of Vil-

lager; a Lavender heads herd. Registered stock

for sale. Modern, sanitary equipment. Farm 10

minutes from N. Y. C. Depot, 1 hour from To-

Aco0 Ohio. Automobile meets all trains. Write Ox A,

A, D, DeGARMO, Highland, Mich. Breeder of Shorthorns—Bates Duchess family.

C. H, PRESCOTT & SONS, Tawas City, Mich.

Richland Farm Shorthorns—A choice collection of richly bred matrons headed by Lorne and Fair Acres Goods. We invite correspondence jand in- Spection. Herd at Prescott, Mich.

—

A, W,. THORNE, Fife Lake, Mich, Milking Shorthorns—Maplelane Laddie 504725, a grandson of General Clay, at head of herd.

MINNESOTA

J. S. BILLINGS & SON, Fergus Falls, Minn.

Breeders of high-class Shorthorns—Cattle of both sexes for sale at all times. Speedy atten- tion given to northwestern trade.

GEORGE H, CHAMBERLAIN, Mora, Minn,

Ann River Shorthorns—Archer’s Monarch 495156 in service; a good one. Young bulls and heifers for sale.

WILL DAILEY, Pipestone, Minn,

Valley View Shorthorns. Type’s Gloster by Cumberland Type and Red Memory by Fond Memory in service. Farm just across the Dakota line.

S, G, ELIASON, Montevideo, Minn,

Stock bulls Cumberland’s Archer 432299, Cor- perstone 863116 and Superb 800054. Young bulls or sale,

LESLIE SMITH & SONS, St, Cloud, Minn, Meadow Lawn Shorthorns—Royal Cup and Lex of Cluny in service.

The Shorthorn in America

E, A, THONDRUD & SONS, Dawson, Minn.

East View Farm—Herd of Scotch and Scotch- topped females headed by Schoolmaster 353598. Bulls for sale.

—— |

MISSOURI

BELLOWS BROS., Maryville, Mo,

Two hundred head. Herd bulls: Sultan Supreme 367161, Radium 385195, Parkdale Baron 414368, Aladdin iand Parkdale Rex.

R, H, CHANDLER, Creighton, Mo,

Fairmead Shorthorns—Headed by Nuggett srs

and Vexillator 514209. Stock for sale.

A, M. CRAWFORD & SON, Kahoka, Mo. (For- merly Clarinda, Iowa.) P All fashionable families. Farm joins town.

J. R. EVANS & BROS., Maryville, Mo, Females of choice Scotch breeding. Flash chief stock bull.

Village

A. S. HINES & SONS, Moberly, Mo.

Willowdale Herd—All descending from imp. Rosie 17th and imp. Acanthus Sonny Dale, by Maxwalton Rosedale, in service.

A, J. MAURER, 833 Live Stock Exchange, Kan- sas City, Mo. Shorthorns—Bulls, heifers, cows with calves. Priced in lots to suit.

0. W. NAUMAN, Craig, Mo.

Nauman’s Shorthorns—Home of the Brandsbys. Herd sires, Brandsby’s Officer and Hallwood Sul- tan. Choice females, few select bulls for sale.

T. B. RANKIN, Tarkio, Mo.

Breeder of pure-bred Shorthorns for 30 years. Scotch and Scotch-topped. Bulls in service, Vio- let Goods 428521 and Villager Sultan 490952. Over 200 to select from. ‘

V. E, RUSSELL, Osgood, Mo.

Cottage Hill Herds—Bulls in service, Roan Goods 388056, Forest Champion 553233. Young bulls for sale at reasonable prices.

WAHLERS BROS. & GEHRS, Versailles, Mo. Herd established in 1888. Now headed by Roan

Lad 420079, a fine specimen, weighing a ton or

better. Young bulls for sale at all times.

MONTANA

W. M. RHODES, Sheridan, Mont.

Clover Meadow Ranch—The home of Scotch Shorthorns, Cumberlands, forty in herd, headed by Sultan’s Brace 491597, Red Baron 599753 and en ee Crown 632570. Nothing for sale at this ime.

NEBRASKA

F. B, KERR, Farman, Neb. Scotch Shorthorns. Sires in service, Diamond Laddie 562177 and Gloster Goods 598731.

LOGAN & TROBAUGH, Fairfield, Neb.

Write John S. Logan or T. E. Trobaugh for stock prices. Two herds of choice cattle repre- cpape the best families. All stock at private sale. a RETZLAFF BROS., Walton, Neb.

Snowflake Herd—Choice selection of Scotch fe- males, representing the most fashionable families. Good herd bulls for sale sired by Snowflake 263207, Gloster Goods 408789 and Village Coral 505995.

SOUTHWEST NEBRASKA SHORTHORN BREED- @&

ERS’ ASSOCIATION, W. E. McKillip, Sale Manager; Frank A, Carver, Secy.,; Cam- bridge, Neb. 500 head of Scotch and Scotch-topped breeding cows represented in association, owned by fifteen members.

NEW HAMPSHIRE

BATCHELDER FARMS, Mont Vernon, N., H.

Dairy Shorthorns—Largest herd in New Hamp- shire, seventeen imported. Herd headed by Knowsley Prince 2d by Danger Signal, bred by Earl of Derby.

July 1, 1918

NEW YORK

HEART’S DELIGHT FARM, Chazy, N, Y. Breeders of high-class Shorthorn cattle. Prompt attention given to inquiries,

H, E, TENER, Washingtonville, N. Y,

Walnut Grove Farm—Milking Shorthorns. Strict- ly dual-purpose. Fifty head. Many imported animals. Herd bulls: Royal Duke and Fillpail Record. Bull calves for sale,

NORTH DAKOTA

APLAND & SORLEIN, Bergen, N, D.

Gloster’s Knight 438556 by Fair Acres Gloster, assisted by Comrade Cumberland 609989 by True Cumberland 3d, in service,

ESTATE OF GEORGE BALDWIN, Ellendale, N, D, The largest herd of Shorthorns west. sented.

in the north- The best beef and milk families repre-

E, A, WADSWORTH, Langdon, N. D,

Choice Shorthorns—College Count 387032 by the International Champion Count Ayon 334946, in service,

OHIO

CARPENTER & ROSS, Mansfield, Ohio. Maxwalton Farm—Have shown their supremacy

in the leading show rings. Herd numbers some

2350 head, all ages. Write for what you want.

FRANK R, EDWARDS, Tiffin, Ohio,

Oakdale Farm—Scotch Shorthorn cattle. Herd numbers 125 head. Pride of Albion 352820, Grand Champion of 1915, in service,

W, C. ROSENBERGER & SONS, Tiffin, Ohio. Olover Leaf Stock Farm—Highty registered Seotch cattle. Good bul’s and females always for sale. Bulls in service: Maxwalton Pride 367542, Village Royal 355016 and Favorite Sultan 410895.

OKLAHOMA

JOHN T, KRAMER, Tulsa, Okla, Best families of Shorthorn cattle headed by Proud Bayonet.

H. C. LOOKABAUGH, Watonga, Okla,

Pleasant Valley Stock Farm—Most popular strains. Nearly 300 head. Herd bulls and breed- ing females, ages to suit, always fer sale.

C, E, SUPPES & SON, Tulsa, Okla, Breeders of high-class Shorthorns.

L. J, WORK, Carmen, Okla,

Eagle Valley Herd—Headed by Prince Sturdy, only one female in herd that I have not raised. An honest effort to produce an American Cruick- shank type. Results encouraging,

OREGON

W. B, AYER, Portland, Ore, : Foothills Farm, Carlton, Ore.—Breeder of Milk- ing Shorthorns.

FRANK BROWN, Carlton, Ore. Craigielea Farm Shorthorns—Young sale at all times.

stock for

PENNSYLVANIA

W. J. STURGEON, Kittanning, Pa. Prt Milking Shorthorns—Herd sires, Clay Knight 378116 and Glenside Red Lad 593561.

SOUTH DAKOTA

A. W. CAREY, Waverly, 8S. D. f ;

Maxwalton Conqueror, by Avondale, in service, Fifty head in herd. A choice collection of breed- ing cattle.

E. W. CARR & SON, St. Lawrence, 8S, D. Brookside Stock Farm—A select herd of Short- horns. Herd sires, Hummerdale, Anoka Advocate, Brookside Banff. 100 head in herd. Inspection invited. First annual sale, Oct. 22, 1918.

J. F. EDELSTEIN, Dallas, S, D.

Green Field Farms—A select herd of Shorthorns. Herd bulls, Forest Dale 387321 and Rosewood Champion 616777. Write your wants.

FLANAGAN & LANNING, Selby, S. D.

Sitka Stock Farm—Dakota bred and acclimated Shorthorns always for sale. The scrub cow put South Dakota where she is today. What will the pure-bred Shorthorn do for you? Write or phone.

H. GRABINSKI, Miranda, S. D. Hillshade Farm Shorthorns.

JACKSON & WHITE, Hurley, S. D. Urbandale Shorthorns. A select herd in which

the leading Scotch families are represented. Pri- vate herd catalog mailed on request. D. E, McMONIES, Huron, S. D.

Joy Farm—tutility Shorthorns are headed by

Earl of Dale 418021, grandson of Avondale; his ealves loudly speak his praise.

N. R, RUNDELL, Hurley, S. D.

Sunnyside Stock Farm—Legal Stamp, by Regal Stamp and Dale’s Fascinator, by Double Dale, head u select herd,

PHILLIP SCHAMBER, Eureka, S, D. Dealer in Shorthorns, Belgian and Percheron horses.

SOUTH DAKOTA SHORTHORN BREEDERS’ ASSOCIATION, M. J. Flanagan, President, Selby, S. D.; D. E. McMonies, Secy.-Treas., Huron, S. D.

To head our herds we buy the best. and climate do the rest.

Our soil

E, J. THOMPSON & SON, Hurley, S. D.

Wayside Farm—Scotch Shorthorns of the rich- est breeding. Herd bulls in service, Prince Cum- berland by King Cumberland 2d and Fair Sultan by Fair Acres Sultan.

F, E, TAYLOR, Ellis, S. D. Excelsior Farm Shorthorns,

Plate 454789 by Royal Silver.

sale.

headed by Silver Young stock for Farm 12 miles northwest of Sioux Falls.

TENNESSEE

LESPEDEZA FARM, R, H, Scott, Manager, Hickory Valley, Tenn. Duryea Shorthorns—Sires in service: Imperial Gloster 340225 and Lespedeza Sultan 406929.

TEXAS

J. R, RABY, Gatesville, Texas, Raby Shorfhorns—Cumberland Marshal 2d, Gen-

W. W. SAMUELL, Wilson Building, Dallas, Texas, Shorthorn cattle.

FRANK SCOFIELD, Hillsboro, Texas,

Lackawana Farms—Special offer at this time. Twenty-five head of heavy boned, growthy Short- horn bulls. These bulls are raised in the south, acclimated and just right for the southern breeder and farmer. Write or wire your wants,

VERMONT

W. ARTHUR SIMPSON, Lyndonville, Vermont, Fairholme Herd—Milking Shorthorns. Register

of Merit cows, headed by great imported bull

Robin and the Clay bull, Green Hill Waterloo.

VIRGINIA

W. P. CRICKENBERGER & SON, New Market, Va, Vergeria Stock Farm—Scotch and Scotch-topped Shorthorns. Maxwalton Beau 426669 and Lucky Lad 481883, in service.

S. H. MOORE, Stuarts Draft, Va,

Breeder of pure-bred Shorthorns, Scotch-topped. Ferdinand 423339, a descendant of the great Choice Goods, in service.

WASHINGTON

JOHN VU, ANLIKER, Tonasket, Wash. Breeder of Shorthorn cattle.

DAY & ROTHROCK, 205 Exchange Nat’l Bank Building, Spokane, Wash, Hercules Stock Farm—Shorthorns of quality. Herd headed by Gainford Perfection 442173.

A. D, DUNN, Wapato, Wash. For Sale—Shorthorn cattle from one of the leading herds of the northwest.

WEST VIRGINIA

P, S. LEWIS & SON, Point Pleasant, W. Va.

The use of selected bulls on our cow herd, bred and rigorously culled for 43 consecutive years, has produced high-class healthy animals of uni- form type. =

McLAUGHLIN FARM, Maxwalton, W, Va,

Herd sires: Broadhooks Sultan 583860 and Double Sultan 400771, trace to four of the choice sons of Whitehall Sultan, viz: Avondale, Glen- brook Sultan, Whitehall Baron and Oakland Sul- tan,

WISCONSIN

ANOKA FARMS, Waukesha, Wis,

Established year 1870. Herd sires: Lavender Stamp, Rusper Champion, Regal Stamp and Lothian Marmion. Annual Calf Sale, Nov. 30.

JOHN H, BEAR & SON, Spring Green, Wis. Breeders of Shorthorn cattle. Farm located within the city limits,

G. W. BENEDICT, Platteville, Wis, Breeder of Shorthorns. Herd bull, Baron Chief 405641. <A few bulls for sale.

F, S. BUNKER, Kilbourn, Wis.

Herd bull for sale, Sultan Goods 455653, Scotch white, 3 years old, by Royal Silver, out of Mis- sie Sultana 2d; breeder, F. W. Harding. Also offer an outstanding 10 months roan bull by Sul- tan Goods.

H. B, DRAKE & SON, Beaver Dam, Wis.

Bulls, cows and heifers. Bred for milk and beef. Herd headed by one of the best grandsons of Whitehall Sultan,

S, T, FOSTER & SON, Elkhorn, Wis. The Pioneer Herd of Milking Shorthorns—Dual purpose by demonstration. Young bulis for sale.

EBEN E, JONES, Rockland, Wis,

Hillshade Farm Shorthorns—Collynie Sultan 414233, whose get won first at the Congress, and Admiral Cumberland by Prince Cumberland, dam, Verbena of Oakdale, head our herd of Shorthorns. Write your wants.

HARVEY H. LITTLE, Evansville, Wis.

Beef and milk Shorthorns—Forty-seven years of breeding along these lines on this farm insures prepotency. Young stock for sale. Herd sires: Premier Model and Golden West.

MACMILLAN & MACMILLAN, Lodi, Wis.

Meadow View Farm—Herd sires: Scotch Cum- berland by Cumberland’s Last, Village Marquis by Villager, Maxwalton Moonshade by Revolution, Diamond Radium by Radium and Proud Augustus by Roan Masterpiece.

GEORGE MANEY, Oconomowoc, Wis. Northview Stock Farm—Breeder of registered Shorthorn cattle.

I, T, RIME, Orfordville, Wis,

Breeder of Milking Shorthorns of the best milk- ing strains. Young stock for sale. Inspection invited.

CANADA

ROBERT MILLER, Stouffville, Ontario, Eighty-one years without change have we been

breeding Scotch Shorthorns. I now have a few

of the best in both bul’gs and heifers to spare.

How the $200,000 Will Be Distributed

Herewith are given the more important fairs and expositions of 1918, as regards the Shorthorn prize money offered. The individual amounts are approximately accurate and include both the amount offered by the fair or show and that offered by this Association. As a few of the prize lists have not been received we are unable to indicate the dates in all cases.

The-large number of district, county and local fairs not included herein will make a total of over $200,000 Short- horn prizé money to be offered during the current year.

Alabama. (Statesiains 20. sseiesoieucienis Perce cater J; 16. Went“Secy. Birmingham PAla sy... Sris<.< «everett cusps s «.- Oct. 7-12 $ 800 livestock; Maire Assn. score auecsese eee Has. sHoughton, Secy..” Montzomery, Ala) ss. > <> mewn a) 4- .ttetete s ot0le lo aheteda ete 1,200 Demopolis Wairake wires ale <sals «tds alecehe secre ee Weel. Spurliny Secy.; a Demopolis Ala: =, < «<1 -xo-smeceusteeenseets alle siseaetenciors October 750 Arizona :Statepmair. o: ees oo. cnineee e Cecily D. "Boyce;, Secy., « PhoenixemAMiZ x... «a1s)che-ols Snes oceans eae seers 1,500 San-FKrancisco; @alifornia...72..:.... 20 wlOS. HH); Painter, Mer. 75an branGisco, u@als... o,. irae ese 2 Se ENS eaeanig 3,000 Fresno, Districti alm. 2. daxtides och ones GIGS HDberhart; -Secy.,. 2 resno, Cal fic cs «kote erode eee) tye << Cpe ewan 750 California; Stator ain... ce ee ec Charles .W..Paine,.Secy., Sacramento,-Cal.........-c:se2++s: Aug. 31-Sept. 8 1,500 California Piperty cE ail ASS etait ©. R, Thomas, aMen.; SLlos#Angeles, Cale. o. .-. casei greener: o.seeeuess ake October 3,000 Western (Stock SHOW: ...e6 0 .se emiere tee lred@ bs Johnson.~Secy., Aenvers Colo... os « «ile eisai ~ elec Jan. 19-26 5,120 Connéeticut Pair-ASsn’. 5.08.2)... eee HC] Parsons, Secy., .blartterd, COMM cna, sae oe. eeie oe rete © eerie ls Sept. 2-7 450 HIOFTAA BS LALOR FMOIT 6 -s.0.c1e cnsieue viaeie lean B. K.-Hanafourde,-Secy., -Jacksonville,—Flasc5 .. 1.2 ..eeseees Noy. 27-Dec. 6 1,000 SOuthSaStern OW air cic. .c cic sts cole ore ie ohshelo omens RK. M. Striplin, Secy,., AslantasGaser. ,t a:c... > satel nieelales « destelecs Oct. 12-19 3,000 GeOngiamstate Waite ccs ate ket ale Harry C. Robert, Secy., Macon;-Garst. vee... ..t oe tees. « Oct. 30-Nov. 9 1,000 Georgia=CarolinasHair 9 06 2. vases eee iHrank E.. Beane, "Secye A urustar Gaon. S: . sals cic ciate ees, «1 sye\s oss enenelageiens 500 Northwest Livestock Assn............. Os PaHendershot, Secy., Wewiston, idaho... nico ween = ere Nov. 7-13 1,500 IdahorStateeta iv weaerak. Acti acute ee ate larvey Allred, Secy., boise, Idaho........ ccs + ne coe - eae Sept. 23-28 759 IlinoissStatege alter ci atytee okie ea aes By M. Davison, Secy.,)Springtield, Mls: ut 15 ce -emetneie. . eines Aug. 9-26 3,000 Galesbure DistricteWain... ob... s+. «ane cetee ron Awtate, (Secy,, , GaleSburegl litaccnynmit. - ssueeccueeckereiora> orcas ..-Sept. 2-7 1,000 Noes rreken aos ate NCS ir, RGR Eee Pe em Me 2 ee ‘BY B.. Heide? Secy., Chicago, sllkg wc fwnwso sc cee se Nov. 30-Dec. 7 8,000 IndianacState Maire n ais ce en Charlies Je =k ennedy,Secy.,._ Indianapolis Inds... .25. 0. emmiees: «« seeeee Sept. 2-7 2,000 Tow’ «State shanti: ttc eee te otc e crttinile e ereeers ASR. Corey, Secy., .. Des MOINES: TO Wai... 5.<, «ceases lous soe-ee sare Aug. 21-30 5,150 The iGamsals BRC CSE alin caccopecsucncnshe saockeateene ete Phil Hastman, Secys Topeka Kan eae oe «ci ok + A coe gigiele Sept. 7-13 2,100 ICANSASAS CACORE aii siepeneveretetenstencasn ees: orem AS lah Sponsilers Secynn, ELmtchinson:, Kaien ic > as\cuutetieren: ol eeene Sept. 14-21 1,650 Kentucky State: hair... cs ot oc «sis cma «eee eT. Kremer; Secys. Lowisville, Koyitn-a0 cts a+ <yrtaeneios »loevet s Sept. 9-14 3,006 Louisiana, Stater Paintin. were <icqs sites igs casa WR: Hirsch, SeCcy., SHTEVCDOrt, Wuiatim cpass-s «2. -.0 See =) 6) of ees Mee Va oe 1,500 National Farm & Livestock Show........ ASB iGravesssecy., News Orleans.g la jrtes« «.c.cc:-cnaiaitetsehn «.<.auate, +0 essuesansuakenerne 1,500 Gentralvote Visit ee Mad rie sere eas eee meee ee REM, GilmoreuSecy., . WatervillesiMie..... fe. o.ck See so cane oe Sept. 11-14 375 New England State Fair. ..¢ 0. .%.. .meress. on. D. Durell, Secy., Worcester, Mass.........:.. 0 cee 2 eae Sept, 2-5 750 West MichiganeState* Maily mice. ce ae cence cee L.A. LAlly,”Secy.; iGrand> Rapids, “Mich: gicteraitatiereie rs: «:slalale ofer. tolecs ad otessvan 600 Michigan <StatesMairt. 228... .6+. 2s. GSW. Dickinson,_Secx.,— Detroit Mich.--..-we s Jee eee = Aug. 30-Sept. 8 1,500 Minnesotasstatealtain.. «2 sc. es es Thomas H, Canfield, Secy.,.- Hamlin} Minn. oo ce). cecetee eMeele © ove serene Sept. 2-7 3,006 IMUISSISS io Sibeiee ae ooo nesio onsen ssuoneuoohe Mabel i.-StiresSecy., Jackson} Missix...<..0...0080 0 meee « eahee ee Oct. 21-26 600 Mississippi-Avabama, Mair 5 ..- 2. «caste cloner A. H. George, Secy., Meridian, Miss........ss5.......... Sept. 30-Oct. 5 900 Stocker and Feeder Show................. We Ms Carrom, Mere St, Joseph, MO ae .< cvscc.s. ote ems neeveieiete ts: ohela tei nismenes Oct. 2-4 1,500 MisSsSOUPIPStatei Wain teri ey css e eyshe te cence H:.G;_ BylandetSecy.,— Sedalia, SMO. ..0-.+ <5 sare Sen ele la ee Aug. 10-17 2,250 AIMOGFICATIAECOY ail sete acinYoreua setehe ar irever ten coe ahs W.-H. Weeks, Secys, ,. Kansas: City, Pes, sisc.:~-:cccocerscadaraeabeiche cette eames eenaetae pemare 3,500 Montana-State Fair... ree R,. S; Skinner «Secy.,) Helena aM ont... oct cais ¢ o repel aeee Sept. 9-14 1,050 Nebraska. State Rain. 5.02 4 os gees. Ge ae mH: Re Danielson# Secys“Lincolnk N6b Hct.) ...). ee poe WER i ee Sept. 1-6 2,250 Interstate; Falr x Ne2'< 09m. die disci. RS MR. Margerum;"Sécy; “Erentony ING Ji... 22 So. <nseecaemeeeietere! «-o-esteeeratoaes eee omeatons 750 New: York State ‘Pair... 034.2200. 4. Aa e. Albert ‘ Broewny=Secy-7— S yTacusese Ney. Sort wie cs one eeag ete lee here a Sept. 9-14 1,800 North Dakota: State Waire.. en. «we ace HA: McRoberts, Secy., sHargo. Ns Disses «oii s<--10 neers) 51 ees July 15-20 1,000 Interstate chair is. crers 6 oe lo sis a.s +s sass opel RTS Ds V. Moore, Secy.;;~ Grand Works; IN. D........ o..« seueetets'. «ene ciel ste emenereieneeste = 750 Ohio State Pairs: cna ee ee. EVs Watborn,secy.=- Colmmbus; Onios... . 0. = sc omtereiete = cco rier eee we 3,250 Oklahoma Free State Fair........... Orville M, Savage, -Seey., .MuskKogee, Okla... ....ccewsesees sce Sept. 30-Oct. 5 1,800 Oklahoma: StatesMair’. of Aim . sie. ORE, «oe 71.8: Mahan, Secy4= Oklahoma? Gity, Okla... .. aeumieen «~ -sns .Sept.. 21-28 1,200 Southwest American Livestock Show...J. W. Hutchings, Secy., Oklahoma City, Okla..................... Mar, 3-9 3,000 Pacific-International Hxposition........ WeL-Llennant, Supt. Portland, Ore: «oc... sc: <a eee © heres November 3,500 Oréeron State -Eair ric ere te oe er eaters ‘A. Hea, Secys salem, Ores. cose cc cas cctcie ieee. Chae eee 700 Wi Ge EXPOSITION. cectens s.0,0 21a) hee ensye ieee James* W. Fleming, Secy® Hie, Pa.....6.2.0..6600 20s een es 6 Wee aT tees 1,050 ConpeaubLakecA Semi. qs «ici cfyeusmaicgiacs Otto A. Speakman, Secy.,. Exposition” Parks... <i... Meee. tte. ica reeieie 500 South, Dakota State Pair.....0.6... 0. «0s GAN. Melivaine, Secy.,.. LLULOny SoD) setae ntisnesie ese eee is eee se Sept. 9-14 1,100 South Carolina State Mairn-<.....0- 000s» =a D; EF. EyYfird,, Secy.- , Columbia, Si"Crase% 5. > «eine oo Oct. 28-Nov. 1 600 Tennessee State Fair.................. J: We RUSSWUrM, SeCy..] NAashivilles Tenner « « tits ocho Mmeisliel= sis) sie coke Sept. 16-21 1,200 Bast Tennesseee Mair. <i.i..+ sttaiek « ati. cede s one ete H. D: Faust: Secys- Knoxville, Tenni..:......-.% BREE) oes} cancnisssrevetsiehertiote ane 850 Memphis Tri-State Fair................ FrankyD. Muller, Secy. Memphis. Tennnre s «. = «.-.« spate sia alenes» Sept. 21-28 2,150 TEXAS StaALOe all mentite cra som eee Wet HaStratton, Secy... Dallas) (TOXiecnce sets cgi Ce raxsraneenls Oct. 15-27 7,500 Southwestern Exp. & Fat Stock Show...... HY. $R. Henry. Secy., — Fort Worth? Tex «5... .21.1 dentin ere cus/e sis iy Mar. 11-16 4,500 Virginia—State-Fair no es ees R—W. Spilman;* Chairman, * Richmond, Va... -...--.cmesepiee- oaueteus OCk 20-12 2,250 Utah’ StaterMatttieranta: ct sects oo sic Beem Cpe cc Earl Jay Glade, Secy., S lt Lake City, Utah...:...../..... Sept. 28-Oct. 5 1,500 West. VirginiasState Pair. 2.5 2.0:0. 598%... Bal: Swartz, Secy., .Wheeling, Ws Vals.o sito. MERGES <\0) epee cickekercrewin eee 600 LaCrosse Interstate Fair.............. CG. Ss Van Auken;, Seeys**laCrossen WAS icc. «eines seen ee os ee eee: ae 1,100 Wisconsin Stateyh alt. se sic. smres< scene Oliver R. Remey, Secy., Milwaukee, Wis...........0.....e024+.-.9ept. 9-14 2,500 Wiyomine StatecWair. 6 oo. sis css cc. c1s ceece ce cencenetete ANSON. Hizby,, Secy., WOUSTAS PW YOl..« << .cr crs:< + «10 Seietersterslos vite) Sept. 10-14 1,200

SUGGESTIONS FOR CONVENIENT CIRCUITS

Sedalia, Mo. Sedalia, Mo. Sedalia, Mo. Sedalia, Mo. Columbus, Ohio Springfield, Ill. Springfield, Ill. Springfield, Tl. Springfield, Ill. N. Y. & Penn. Fairs Ohio State Fair Des Moines, Iowa Des Moines, Iowa Des Moines, Iowa Richmond, Va. Indianapolis, Ind. Minnesota Hamlin, Minn, _ Lincoln, Neb. Atlanta, Ga. Louisville, Ky. Wisconsin South Dakota Topeka, Kan.

Tennessee State Fair Memphis Tri-State Sioux City, Iowa Hutchinson, Kan. Sacramento, Cal. Memphis Tri-State Fair Dallas, Tex. Dallas, Tex. Oklahoma State Fair Fresno, Cal.

Dallas, Tex., or American Royal American Royal Oklahoma Free State Fair Los Angeles, Cal. Atlanta, Ga. ; Dallas, Tex. San Francisco, Cal. American Royal American Royal Portland, Ore.

Other combinations that will suit the convenience of éxhibitors will include the Intermountain states, Michigan and others, . The American Shorthorn Breeders’ Association will duplicate prizes won at Canadian shows in 1918, on Short-

horns bred in the United States, regardless of ownership. F. W. HARDING, Secy.