Historic, Archive Document Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices. Fryer’s Hardy Plants WILLIS E. FRYER Mantorville, Minnesota General Directions Y grounds are located at Mantorville, the county seat of Dodge County, two miles north of Kasson, and seventeen miles west of Rochester, Minn. The stage from Mantor- ville meets all trains at Kasson, and passes by the Nursery three times a day. You can reach here, by the C. G. W. Railway, also. Visitors. — I am always glad to welcome visitors who are interested in hardy plants, and those who contemplate planting Irises, Peonies, Hardy Phloxes, Gladioli, etc., for they can make their selec- tions in the field from the blooming plants with much greater satisfaction than from catalogue descriptions. From the first to the middle of June the German Irises are at their height, together with the Oriental Poppies and many of the early-blooming Peonies. The late-blooming Peonies and Japan Iris bloom the last of the month, and first of July. The middle of June the Delphiniums and Miss Lingard Phlox begin to bloom, and continue until late fall. The late-blooming Phlox come the last of July, and are at their height in August. The Gladioli and Dahlias are at their best in August and early September. Shipping Facilities. — I can ship either by the C. & N. W. and C. G. W. Railways, or American and Wells-Fargo Express companies. Forwarding. — Growing plants or small packages of roots will invariably be sent by express unless otherwise instructed. The special low rate under which plants and bulbs travel (20 per cent discount) makes this the cheapest way to ship. Large orders of trees and dormant roots may safely be sent by freight. Unless specially instructed, I will use my best judgment as to the mode of shipment. Terms, Cash, unless specially arranged. Orders from unknown cor- respondents should be accompanied by remittance to cover the order, or satisfactory reference. The prices in this catalogue are net, and will not be deviated from, as it is my aim that all shall be treated alike in the matter of prices, except where extensive planting would justify special quotations. Remittance should be made by postoffice, or express money order, regis- tered letter, or bank draft. Postage stamps may be sent for amounts under $1. Quality of Stock. — I purpose to send out strong plants that will bloom true to name. No substitution, unless expressly noted, or by permission. Six of a variety at dozen rates, fifty at 100 rates and 500 at 1.000 rates, unless otherwise specified. Guarantee. — I guarantee that all plants sent out shall leave here in first- class condition, and if, through error any should prove untrue, to replace them without charge. It is obvious that I cannot guarantee that customers will make them live, as I have no control over conditions surrounding them and the care they receive after they pass out of my control. Agents will often agree to replace free, but they invariably ask more than double my prices, and you pay dearly for the replaced stock. The stock they sell is all shipped to a delivery point at one time and is not properly taken care of generally, and in many instances is dead when received by the customer. If it is shipped direct to you it will be well protected from drying winds and sun, and with reasonable care will grow. Hardy Phlox By Way of Introduction Second Edition I first started raising small fruit at Genoa, Minnesota, but always with the intention of removing elsewhere, when I found a suitable location. I established the nursery here in 1896, and have the best land that it is possible to obtain, for growing such things as I offer in this catalogue. I know, by experience, that we must first have hardiness, for anything that is not hardy will not be a success. I never offer a plant or shrub until I have tested it thoroughly and it has been a success with me. This catalogue does not cover the whole field of plants, but the tried-and- true things which are essential in every hardy plant garden. Some raise only Iris, other Peonies or Phlox, but I love them all and I am paying more attention, each year, to hardy perennials, and am collecting most of the new things offered. The earth wears a crown of floral beauties, and among the brightest, richest and sweetest are the hardy perennials. They fill a place in our gardens and our hearts which nothing else can supply. Like flowering shrubs, when once planted they are good for a lifetime, and we come to regard them as part of our homes. What would induce us to part with the grand clumps of Phloxes, Peonies or Irises that have stood along the paths in our front yards so long and greeted us year after year with their brightness and beauty? They have cheered us through many vicissitudes, they were loved by dear ones whose voices we hear no more; their blooming calls to mind pleasant associations, happy days and friendly faces that time has taken from us. Then let us enrich our yards, our borders and walks with these' flowers, which will be ever faithful friends and companions. The poet says: “ ’Tis better to send this very day To a living friend a cheap bouquet, Than a bushel of roses, white or red, To be placed on his coffin when he is dead.” I hope all who receive this book may find in it some new inspiration, and rely on it as a safe guide to all that is best in hardy plants, trees and shrubs. WILLIS E. FRYER, Mantorville, Minn. February, 1914 2 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTORVILLE, MINN. THE IRIS There is a peculiar charm about the Irises that appeals irresistibly to those whose taste leads them to seek a close acquaintance with them. They fairly outrival the orchid in the wide range of coloring, which includes yellows from light canary to deep golden; blues, from soft lavender to intense purples; reds, from pinkish mauve to claret and maroon; beautiful bronzes and pure whites, and some are marked and margined with other colors in exquisite harmony. Culture. — A dry, sunny location suits them best. The most favorable time to plant is from the middle of August to the middle of September. They do well if planted in October, or in early spring. I have planted them ten months in the year with very good success. Plant them about as deep as they grew in the nursery. This can easily be told, for they will be white to the top of the ground. Avoid fresh manure when planting, in fact, all manure where German Iris are planted. To mulch them with strawy manure may injure your plants. If you mulch them, and this will be beneficial to newly set plants, use straw or leaves. Irises are invaluable as cut flowers. If taken as the buds are about to open, and allowed to open indoors, the colors will be much richer, and the flowers will last a long time, for as fast as one flower fades the next bud will take its place, until all have opened. Irises are a leading specialty with me and I have tested over 550 varieties, and have some new and rare ones. I have many extra fine varieties of my own raising, and these will be offered as my stock of them will permit. In making up the list, I offer for sale only those I have a fair amount of, others will be offered as my stock of them will permit. In the description S is used to signify standards, or erect petals; F, falls or drooping petals. The height of the flower-stalks, as they grow in the nursery, is given in inches. Larger plants of most varieties can be furnished at an advance in price. IRIS GERMANICA. Alcest. Golden yellow, veined bronze. 15c. Alvelera. S light blue; F brilliant purple-blue, flaked and feathered. 15c. Attraction. S pale blue; F deep blue, shaded lighter at the base. Very free. 20c. Aurea; syn., California. S and F rich chrome-yellow; no markings. The finest pure yellow. 22 inches. 25c. Azurea. Violet-blue; free-flowering. 15c. Candida. S pale lavender, shaded lighter; F lavender, streaked with white. Medium height. 15c. Candimus. S light lavender; F red- dish purple. 15c. Celeste. Pale azure-blue. A very good variety. 24 inches. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Clarissima. S lavender; F reticulated purple, on a white ground. 24 inches. 25c. Clio. S white; F bluish purple, reticu- lated white, late. 25c. Comte De St. Clair. S white; F deep violet, margined white. 24 inches. 20c. Donna Maria. White, tinged laven- der. 26 inches. 15c. Delicata. S pale lavender; F white, delicately traced and tipped laven- der; fine. 28 inches. 20c. Edith. S light plumbago-blue; F purple. 26 inches. 15c. *Flavescens; syn., Mrs. Cromer. A delicate shade of soft yellow; large, sweet scented flowers, fine for mass- ing. Sold as Canary Bird by some. 28 inches. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Iris Orientals — Notice the fountain- like foliage FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 3 Young Iris. 15 rows 30 rods long ^=>iry. White, delicately bordered and suffused soft blue; beautiful. 24 inches, 25c. *Florentina. Creamy white, faintly flushed lavender; fragrant and early. 24 inches. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Frederick. S pale lavender; F laven- der, barred with brown; very free. 20c. *Fulda. S satiny white; F lilac, feath- ered yellow. 22 inches. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Gazelle. White, heavily frilled mauve. 20 inches. 25c. Gertrude. S and F rare violet-blue, very beautiful, early, very large, fine shape, fragrant. 25c. Gypsy Queen; syn.. La Prestigieuse. S old-gold, shaded smoked pearl; F black-maroon, reticulated light yellow; late bloomer, extra fine. 28 inches. Z5c. Harlequin Milanais. S white, flaked dolet; F rich violet, reticulated with white; large blooms, orchid- like, very striking. 30 inches. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Hector. S soft, clouded yellow; F velvety crimson-black; showy. 30 inches. 25c. Her Majesty. S lovely rose-pink; F bright crimson, tinged a brighter shade. A most beautiful variety. 35c. H. Kromer. A very fine blue. Large flower and free-blooming. 15c. Honorabilis; syn., San Souci. S gol- den; F rich mahogany-brown; very effective. 24 inches. 10c each, $1 per dozen. $6 per 100. *Ignatia S and F mauve. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Innocenza; syn., Innocence. S and F ivory-white, crest rich golden; very delicate and beautiful. 26 inches. 25c. Kharput. S violet; F velvety violet purple; very large, handsome flow- ers. 30 inches. 25c. *John DeWitt. S bluish violet; F deep violet-purple, veined with white. 24 inches. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Judith. S sulphury; F violet purple, reticulated white. 30 inches. 25c. Khedive. Beautiful soft lavender, with distinct orange beard. 30 inches. 25c. Kochii; syn., Autropurpurea. S and F rich claret-purple; very handsome. 25c. Lady Jane. S coppery rose; F madder-red, reticulated white. 30 inches. 20c. Laurentinus. S yellow; F yellow, veined purple. 25c. L’Avenir. Lavender; beautiful shade. 25c. Lord Salisbury. S amber-white; F dark violet-purple. 20c. La Tendre. S purple; F light mauve. 15c. Lord Grey. Clouded rose-fawn. Very distinct color, beautiful. 22 inches. 25c. Louis Meyer. S golden; F rich vel- vety purple reticulated white. 21 inches. 25c. Louis Van Houtte. S light, pearly lavender; F reticulated darker. 25c. *Madam Chereau. White, elegantly frilled wide border of clear blue. One of the most beautiful. 32 inches. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Madam Paquette. Bright, rosy claret; very handsome. 40 inches. 25c. Magnifica. S olive, shaded red; F dark brown-red; extra fine. 30c each; $3 per dozen. Maori King. S rich golden; F vel- vety crimson, margined gold. One of the most brilliant. 18 inches. 25c. *Marmora. S sulphur and fawn; F crimson-purple. 24 inches. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Melvina. S yellow; F veined and tipped madder-brown; extra. 25c. Miss Maggie. S silvery lavender; F suffused soft rose. 25 inches. 15c. *Mrs. H. Darwin. S pure white; F slightly reticulated at the base; very beautiful and free-flowering. 22 inches. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Nibelungen. New. S olive-green, suffused with yellow; F deep pur- ple, suffused with creamy white on edges; large flowers. 60c. Ossian. S straw-yellow; F bluish violet; extra. Sold by some as Mme. Patti. 25c. Othello; syn.. Sappho. Neglecta va- riety. S rich blue; F deep, dark velvety purple; tall and handsome. 30 inches. 20c. 4 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTORVILLE, MINN. ♦Parisiensis; syn.. Blue Bird. Large showy, deep purple, delicately pen- ciled white. One of the earliest of the German Iris. Extra fine. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Parkmanni. S pure lemon; F white, veined purple. 22 inches. 15c. ♦Pearl. S very light lavender; F deep lavender. 24 inches. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. ♦Penelope. S white; F veined red- dish violet. 22 inches. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Pallida Dalmatica; syn., Princess Bea- trice. S soft lavender; F clear deep lavender; flowers very large,, extra fine. This variety does not seem to be quite so hardy as the rest, and a light covering of leaves or straw would be beneficial. 40 inches. 35c. ♦Purpurea. Purple. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. ♦Queen of Gypsies; syn., Cherion. S dusky light bronze; F purplish red. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Queen of May. S lilac-pink; F lilac blended in white, general effect al- most pink. Very distinct color, very fragrant, large and fine. 32 inches. 15c each. Rembrandt. S light lavender; F deep- er lavender. 15c. Rhein Nixie. New. S pure white; F deep violet-blue with white mar- gin. Very free. 34 inches. 60c. Rigolette. S yellow; F bright mad- der-brown, reticulated white. 16 inches. 20c. Salar Jung. S gold-bronze, flaked maroon; F tipped and reticulated maroon-black, on a white ground. 26 inches. 25c. Sappho. S deep violet-blue; F dark velvety royal purple; distinct, very large, fragrant, one of the best, first to bloom after the dwarf varieties. 25c. Silver King. A variety of the purest white, and large flowers. It is similar to Florentina, but is a more vigorous grower, and the flowers are larger. 20c each, $2 per dozen. Speciosa. S lavender purple; F dark, reddish purple; exceedingly fragrant and very free-flowering, late. 15c. Souvenir. S brilliant yellow; F freely veined network of yellow, buff and purple. 15c. Thyspe. S old gold; F light purple. 25c. Trautlieb. Rosy lilac of a most pleas- ing shade. 25c. Ulysse. S drab tinged bronze; F pur- ple; very odd and striking combina- tion, late. 30 inches. 20c each, $2 per dozen. Van Geerti. S clouded lavender; F purple-black, reticulated white; fine. 32 inches. 25c. ♦Velveteen. S yellowish buff; F in- tense plum-purple. Similar to Judith. 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. Venus. S lemon-yellow shading to golden yellow toward the base; F deeply veined purple on white ground. 15c. Virgile. S bronze; F purple; very free. 20c. Viscount de Braibant. S yellowish- white, flaked purple; F finely feath- ered white and plum; very free. 20c. Mixed Colors. 10c, $1.00 per doz., $6 per 1,000. DWARF BEARDED IRISES. These lovely Dwarf Irises are very valuable for planting in groups, in front of the taller varieties, in the border and for edging. The earliest ones begin to flower the first of May and follow in succession till the end of the month, when the German varieties begin to bloom. The Hybrid Crimean and Alpine Iris are crosses between the Pumila and other dwarf varieties and the Iris Germanica. Their period of blooming is a trifle later than the Pumila varieties ana their flowers are almost as large and showy as the German Iris. Blue Beard. S white, flaked pale blue; F sulphur, handsomely marked purple. 15 inches. 25c. Pumila. These are among the ear- liest to bloom. They are very dwarf, and fine for borders. Pumila Alba. Silvery white. 25 cts. Pumila Blue. S violet-blue; F deep violet-purple, white beard. 4 inches. 7 cts. each; 75 cts. per dozen. Pumila Coerulea. A lovely shade of sky-blue; very beautiful. 4 inches. 20 cts. Pumila Compacta. A new hybrid. S violet-blue; F dark blue. 30 cts. NEW CRIMEAN AND ALPINE HYBRIDS. Butterfly. Yellow, spotted brown. 9 inches. 25 cts. Cyanea. S rich bright blue; F dark satiny blue; large and handsome. 20 cts. Eburna. White, shaded cream. 12 inches. 25 cts. FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 5 Fairy. New. S pale blue; F deep blue. 35 cts. Florida. S citron-yellow; F deep yel- low, handsomely veined. 18 inches. 20 cts. Formosa. S violet-blue; F violet-pur- ple, with conspicuous white beard. 18 inches. 25 cts. BEARDLESS IRISES, GROUP NO. 1. The Irises in this group, besides being handsome subjects for the flower and shrubbery border, may be planted by the waterside, but with their crowns above the water level. They are grand and stately plants, growing from 3 to 5 feet in height, with beautiful erect dark green fo- liage, which retains its beauty until late in the fall. Aurea. A beautiful species from the Himalayas, with handsome large flowers of deep golden yellow. 4 feet. June and July. 25 cts. each. Guldenstadtiana Alba. Robust grow- er; flowers white. 35 cts. Coerulea. A blue form of the above. 35 cts. Mrs. A. W. Tait; syn., Longipetala Superba. Flowers soft porcelain- blue, with very long pale blue falls, having a blotch at the base; fine foliage, free bloomer. 3 feet. 25 cts. Lord Wolseley. A fine new hybrid blooming the last of June. Narrow foliage, and light blue flowers. 3 feet. 25 cts. Gigantea; syn., Ochroleuca. The Gold-banded Iris. A noble Iris, growing about 3 feet in height, with handsome strong foliage, pro- ducing large flowers of ivory white- ness, with an orange blotch at the base of the falls. June and July. 30 cts. Spuria. Bright lilac-blue flowers. 3 feet. June and July. 25 cts. Notha. S rich violet; F blue, spotted yellow; handsome. 3 feet. 35 cts. SIBERIAN IRIS. The most delicate and elegant of all the small-flowered Iris. Narrow, grassy foliage, with tall flower stems, and flowers of blue and white, with markings; very free flowering, and one of the best for cuttings. They form heavy clumps which get strong- er each year. Siberica Alba. White. 30 inches. 15 cts; $1.50 per dozen. Siberica Blue. Blue, reticulated white. 30 inches. 15 cts. Alba Grandiflora. Flowers large; pure white. 25 cts. Acuta. A distinct dwarf form; blue, reticulated white. 2 feet. 20 cts. Autropurpurea, Violet blue; very fine. 3 feet. 15 cts. Blue King. A fine variety bearing handsome clear blue flowers. Found in Japan by Mr. Peter Barr. 20 cts.; $2.00 per dozen. Distinction. S blue; F white; freely veined and tipped blue. 3^2 feet. 20 cts. George Wallace. S azure-blue; F marked white; fine. 3 feet. 20 cts. Grandis. Violet; reticulated white. 3 feet. 25 cts. Lady Godiva. Blush-white, flushed rose; extra. 3 feet. 30 cts. Orientalis; syn., Sanguinea. Intensely brilliant blue flowers. 3 feet. 10 cts.; $1.00 per dozen; $6.00 per 100. Strong plants, 15c; $1.50 per dozen; $10.00 per 100. Snow Queen. Large ivory-white flowers. A beautiful variety found in Japan by Mr. Peter Barr. It has the largest flowers of any Siberian variety. 20 cts.; $2.00 per dozen. Superba. Large, violet-blue; hand- some foliage reaching almost to the. flowers. 20 cts. Seedlings. 10 cts. each; $1.00 per dozen. BEARDLESS IRISES GROUP NO. 2. Irises suitable for planting by the waterside, and very damp places. These will also do well in any good loamy soil. They have foliage with wider leaves than the Siberian Iris. Bastardi. A beautiful, soft clear primrose. 3 feet. 25 cts. Culumnea. Bright velvety purple. 2 feet. 25 cts. Fosteri. S lilac; F rich violet, with white and yellow markings. 30 inches. 25 cts. Kermesiana. Rich claret-red, with white markings. 2 feet. 40 cts. Pseudo-acorus. (The Common Yel- low Flag.) Bright yellow. 15 cts. Versicolor. A native species, common to our streams and marshes; flow- ers in June and July, remaining in bloom a long time; very showy violet-blue flowers. 15 cts. JAPAN IRIS (IRIS KAEMPFERI). These are the crowning glory of them all, and a plant of them in bloom is a most gorgeous sight. Culture. — Plant the last of August or the first of September. Late plant- 6 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTORVILLE, MINN. ing had better be deferred until spring, as, unless the plants are well protected by a covering of straw, they will be thrown out by the frost and lost. It is necessary to take them up, divide, and transplant them every two or three years. Commodore Perry. Velvety purple; yellow at base of petals. 25 cts. Gold Bound. Pure white. One of the best. 25 cts. Quakeress. Ash gray, veined and shaded blue; pale pink and yellow center. A most novel and striking shade. 25 cts. Mixed Named Varieties. All good. 20 cts. Mixed Seedlings. 15 cts. PEONIES These flowers make an appeal to human interest the world over. The rich warmth of their colors, their size and fragrance, and the lasting qualities of the flowers stir one to enthusiastic praise. The dainty beauty of the Irises caste a spell over the dreamer, but the Peonies arouse him to life and action. Time to Plant. Peonies may be planted any time after the middle of Aug- ust until the ground freezes, and in the spring until the growth has advanced too far. September is the best time, however, as they will make root-growth before winter sets in and bloom the following spring, gaining thereby a whole year, since late fall and spring planting will not show many flowers. After being transplanted Peonies will not show typical blooms the first season, many fine double varieties throwing single, or semi-double flowers, and it is not till the third year that the finest flowers are produced. Culture. This is simple and little need be said. They appreciate good care and nourishment, but they resent an over-abundance of fresh manure too near the roots. Plant so the eyes, or new buds, will be 2 or 3 inches below the surface. I have 150 varieties in one long row where they can be more easily com- pared as to growth, season of bloom, and their qualities judged with much greater satisfaction than if in different parts of the nursery. This is only a small portion of the named varieties in cultivation. Cornell University of Ithaca, New York, is trying to straighten out the tangle of names, and now have a collection of about 3,000 varieties. They have found the same variety masquerading under about 40 different names. Peonies FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 7 Prices. The prices are for good, strong roots, that if planted in September and given proper care, may reasonably be expected to bloom the following spring. Varieties differ so greatly in habit, that the expressions, one-year or two-year, or the number of eyes, convey no meaning whatever, a strong root with one eye often being better than a weak one with many. I grow and sell my own roots, and make no pretension of competing with those who have no stock of their own but buy and sell indiscriminately. Some varieties have been given different prices; of those I have a fair stock, and can furnish larger roots. Achille. Large, medium, compact. Shell-pink, fading to lilac-white. Early midseason. 50 cts. Alba Lutea. Pale rose guards; sul- phur center. 50 cts. and 75 cts. Anna Swanson. Rose-crimson; ro- bust. 40 cts. Baroness Schroder. Flesh, changing to white, creamy center. A strong vigorous grower, good bloomer and has beautiful flowers which stand erect on stiff stems, adding much to their value. Considered by many as the finest peony in existence. $2.00 and $3.50 each. Canary. White guards, tinted pale pink, center amber-white, chang- ing to white. Medium late. 50 cts. and 75 cts. Charlemagne. Compact, large flow- ers; lilac-white, slightly blush cen- ter. Buds have the fault of many of the late, very compact varieties of developing slowly, and in warm, rainy weather are liable to become waterlogged. 60 cts. Caroline Manther. Dark red. 40 cts. Couronne d’Orr (Crown of Gold). Large blooms of ivory white, with a circle of yellow stamens which suggest its name. Blooms rather late. One of the very best. In September, 1912, I planted a good plant of it, and last June it had ten perfect blooms. 75 cts., $1.00 and $1.50 each. Comte D’Osmont. Medium - sized white, sulphur center. Very fine. 40 cts. and 60 cts. Comte De Jussier. Lilac guard, creamy yellow narrow petals, fine. 50 cts. and 75 cts. Delicatissima. Large, pale lilac-rose. Strong, tall grower, fine habit, free bloomer. Extra. I have Floral Treasure, but I find this is very similar to it. 50 cts. and 75 cts. Edulis Rosea. Large and very full, pink. 40 cts. and 60 cts. Eugene Verdier. Very large and compact. Pale Hydrangea-pink, outer guard petals lilac-white. Fra- grant. Very erect; rather dwarf habit, with extra strong stems; free bloomer; late. $1.00 each. Duke of Wellington. Broad guard petals of pure white, center of flower sulphur-white; an ideal cut-flower variety. Extra. 50 cts. and 75 cts. Edouard Andre. Globular blooms, deep crimson-red with black shad- ings, metallic reflex, stamens golden yellow; rich coloring, producing a grand effect. 50 cts. and 75 cts. Festiva Maxima. Probably the great- est Peony ever grown. For fifty years it has held first rank, and is still the standard of perfection by which other Peonies are judged. The immense blooms, 7 or 8 inches in diameter, are borne on tough stems, 3 feet in length. The flowers are of the purest white, with an occasional flake of red in the cen- ter. Early and extremely fragrant. 50 cts., 75 cts. and $1. Fragrans. Violet-rose, all one color; very fragrant; late. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per dozen. Larger plants, 40 cts. and 60 cts. each. Francois Ortegat. Dark amaranth- red, stamens intermingled with petals. Medium height; early. 50 cts. and 75 cts. Golden Harvest. Not very tall, but is large and one of the freest bloom- ers. Blush guards, with creamy white center, some of the petals car- mine-tipped. 50 cts. and 75 cts. Grandiflora rubra. Deep crimson-car- mine; very large. 75 cts. Humei. Large, late, cinnamon-scent- ed flowers of varnished pink. Very double. 40 cts. and 60 cts. Ivory. White guards with ivory tint, pure white center; flowers medium size and very delicate. 40 cts. and 60 cts. . Kelway’s Queen. Large, compact blooms. Uniform mauvy rose, cen- ter flaked crimson. Tall, strong grower and free bloomer. 50 cts. La Sublime. Rich deep crimson, very striking flower; free bloomer. Late mid-season. 50 cts. and 75 cts. Lady Bramwell. Silvery rose, solid color; large guards, rosette shape. Fragrant. This is one of the best of the pink Peonies. 40 cts., 60 cts. and 75 cts. 8 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTORVILLE. MINN. La Tulipe. Large globular flowers, flesh pink, shading to ivory white, center petals tipped carmine; out- side of guard petals striped car- mine similar to some tulips, which suggests the name. Tall vigorous grower and free bloomer. Last June I counted 100 blooms on a plant that had only been planted three years. 75 cts. and $1.00. Latipetela. This is one of the choic- est. It has an immense central bloom; about this central bloom are always three or four smaller flower- stems leaving the main stem about nine inches above the buds of the smaller flower-stems. These buds all open at once; color, edge of petals white, and base of petals sea-shell pink, all turning to fine white. $1.00 and $1.50 each. L’Esperance. Milk-white, guards and crown minutely splashed and dot- ted pink; very fragrant. Strong grower; free bloomer. Medium early. 40 cts., 60 cts., and 75 cts. Louis Van Houtte. Deep carmine- rose, tipped silver, with fiery reflex. Very brilliant coloring. 40 cts. and 60 cts. Lutetiana. A tall pink, very large size. Some years extra fine. 50 cts. Madam De Vernville. Large and very full. Pure white, center blush when first opening, fading to pure white; prominent catmine flecks. Medium height; free bloomer. Early; extra good. 75 cts. Magnifica. Very large blooms; liffht pink, with cream center. 50 cts. and 75 cts. Marie. Lilac-white, fading to milk- white. Very tall; free bloomer; late. 75 cts. and $1.00. Marie Kelway. Light rose-pink. Very good. 50 cts. Morning Star. Milk-white, guards flecked crimson. Erect; medium height; free bloomer. 40 cts. Mrs. Burke. Dark crimson, with golden stamens showing among the petals. 40 cts. Nigricans. Very rich, dark crimson. Strong, erect, medium height; free bloomer. 40 cts., 60 cts. and 75 cts. Monsieur Dupont. Large flat bloom; milk-white, center splashed crim- son, showing stamens. Erect, tall, free bloomer. Mid-season. 75 cts. Prince Imperial. Large; amaranth- red; tall, strong grower. 50 cts. and 75 cts. Officinals Alba. Blush white. 50 cts. Officinalis Rosea. Brilliant pink. 50 cts. Officinalis rubra. This is the “Piney” of our grandmothers’ gardens. Bril- liant, glowing, deep crimson. Very early. 30 cts., 50 cts. and 75 cts. Prolifera Tricolor. Medium size. Guards flesh-white, center, collar of sulphur-white. Fragrant. Strong stem; medium height; free bloomer. Late. 50 cts. Queen Victoria. Milk-white guards, tinted flesh, center cream-white. Strong, free bloomer. 40 cts., 60 cts. and 75 cts. Rachel. Full double; dark purple- crimson. Extra fine. 75 cts. Rubra Triumphans. Large and full. Deep crimson-maroon, showing yel- low stamens. Early. Extra. 40 cts., 60 cts. and 75 cts. Seakerin. Medium-sized; light sea- shell pink changing to white. 40 cts. Tenuifolia flore pleno. Fringe- leaved; dazzling crimson-red, dou- ble flowers. 50 cts., 75 cts. and $1.00. Tenuifolia. Same as the above, but has semi-double flowers. These have finely cut foliage, and are very attractive, even when not in bloom. The very earliest Peonies to bloom. 40 cts., 60 cts. and 75 cts. The Bride. Lilac-white guards and milk-white center. Strong grower; very free flowering. 50 cts. and 75 cts. Triomphe De Exposition De Lille. Large blooms of perfect shape. Hydrangea-pink, minutely splashed violet-rose, guard petals fading to nearly white. Fragrant. Strong vigorous grower and free bloomer. Mid-season. Extra. 75 cts. Triomphe du Nord. Large bloom, purplish pink, shaded flesh-pink. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per doz.; larger plants, 40 cts. and 60 cts. each. Seedling Peonies. These are mostly single. 20 cts. Strong plants, 30 cts. I have about 25,000 seed planted and expect something worth naming, but it takes years to find out. Double Pink Mixed. 20 cts. each, $2.00 per doz., $15 per 100. Double White Mixed. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per dozen. Double Red Mixed. 25 cts. each, $2.50 per dozen. Variegated. Very large, loose blooms. Guard petals lilac-pink, center pet- als creamy white, interspersed with pink petals. Tall, strong grower. 50 cts and 75 cts. FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 9 THE HARDY PHLOXES Next to the peonies and irises, the Phloxes are the most useful hardy plant we have, and for late summer, and autumn-blooming they are indispensable. Their wide range of intensely brilliant colors includes almost every shade but yellow, in the most varied and striking combinations imaginable. From purest white to delicate flesh, and soft pink shades, through salmon, orange and fiery scarlets, the colors go to deep blood-red and crimson, dark maroon, and ama- ranth; there are pale mauves and lavenders, soft blues and deep violets; there are large white centers, surrounded with a ring of strong color, and flowers of soft, delicate shades, with vivid scarlet or crimson eyes, and petals with range of colors in different shades. No flower has been more wonderfully improved of late years, and’ the immense size and perfect form of the new varieties will be a revelation to those who have heretofore seen only the old-fashioned kinds. Phloxes are effective either as single specimens, small groups, or large beds on the lawn. They produce a beautiful and harmonious contrast when massed against a background of shrubbery. Culture. Phloxes require a rich soil to produce the best effect, as they are gross feeders. They like plenty of moisture, and in dry seasons should be plentifully supplied with water. Unlike most flowers, they will thrive in partial shade, where the colors are brighter and endure longer than in the open stin- light. Their natural season of bloom is July, August, and the first fof Sep- tember, but by pinching out the tops of part of the plants before buds have formed they will bloom much later, and form many branches. Plant in the fall after the middle of September, or in the spring. Some have “tall,” “medium,” or “Dwarf,” after each variety, but I have given the height in inches as established plants grow in the nursery row. Soil and conditions will alter this, but it will give the relative height of each variety. Alcest. White, shaded blue. 36 inches. Amelia. A new Phlox of my own in- troduction, shading from crimson center to nearly white on the edge. A fine variety. 42 inches. Athis; syn., Salmon Queen. Deep clear salmon with darker eye. I have purchased William Robinson from two different firms and I can see no difference between it and this. 42 inches. B. Comte. Purple; one of the best dark-flowered varieties. 44 inches, 20 cts;, strong plants, 30 cts. Bridesmaid. Clear white, with large crimson-carmine eye. Blooms in large round heads. 32 inches. Consul H. Trost. Pure red, with bright French-purple eye. Extra. 26 inches. Coquelicot. The most brilliant or- ange-scarlet; truss large and com- pact. 30 inches. Miss Lingard Phlox and the Kiddies A seedling Phlox that wants a name. Isn’t it a beauty? 10 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTORyiLLE, MINN. Purity Phlox Crepuscle. Shading from deep crim- son center through rose-lilac to a white edge. A beautiful blending of colors. Many blooms are larger than a silver dollar. 28 inches. 25 cts.; strong plants, 40 cts. Curiosity. One of my introductions. This Phlox varies from nearly pur- ple to pure white, while others are variegated with the same colors. In a dozen plants there would be hardly two exactly alike. A pe- culiar, yet handsome variety. 44 inches. Eclaireur. Bright rose-carmine, with large lighter halo; large florets. Extra fine. 30 inches. Eiffel Tower. A beautiful light sal- mon with darker eye. 46 inches, 20 cts.; strong plants. 30 cts. *Embrazement. Glowing orange-cer- ise with crimson eye; fine. 32 inches. Esclamonde. Clear rosy lilac, deep- er eye; exquisitely rayed and shaded. 40 inches. Feu de Bengal. Fiery red; showy, effective. 32 inches. Purity Phlox F. G. Von Lassburg. Extremely large florets and fine trusses. Pure white. 34 inches. G. A. Strohlein. Beautiful scarlet- orange flowers, with bright carmine eye; extra large flowers and enor- mous cluster. 32 inches. H. O. Wijer. Similar to Peachblow in flower and growth, but the flow- ers are larger, and it is about ten days earlier. *James Garland. Pure white with very large crimson center, beauti- fully blended. This is one of the best white Phloxes with dark eye. 42 inches. La Vogue. Rose-color with large eye of deeper rose-color. 30 inches. Le Mahdi. Metallic, bluish violet; fine large truss. 28 inches. Lothair. Salmon-red, with dark car- mine eye; good. 44 inches. Lustre. Large; rose-pink, dark car- mine center. Extra, 28 inches. *Madam Mellinger. My own intro- duction. Bright rosy red with darker eye. An extra variety and one of the best drought resisters in my collection. 32 inches. A field of mixed Phlox Phlox FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 11 Madam P. Langier. Clear crimson, deeper eye; considered one of the best. 28 inches. *Madam Bliss. Bright rosy salmon with darker eye. Blooms are often larger than a silver dollar. Extra. 38 inches. ♦Miss Lingard. White, faint laven- der eye; a grand free-flowering va- riety, and for massing there is no other Phlox its equal. One of the earliest to bloom, about June 15th, and continues until late in the fall. It has the greatest root system of any Phlox grown. 42 inches. Mrs. K. Andrist. One of my own in- troductions. Mottled white and purple. The nearest approach to blue I have seen. 30 inches. 20 cts.; strong plants, 30 cts. Matador. A fine pink with lighter halo. Extra. 30 inches. ♦Mrs. Wolfsberg. One of my intro- ductions. Pure white, with faint lavender eye; very delicate. 26 inches. Obergartner Wittig. Bright magenta, with crimson-carmine eye. ♦Peachblow. Peachblow-pink, shad- ing to white. Very late. 24 inches. Pluton. Deep wine-red; very showy. 32 inches. Patcher. Deep pink, suffused with red. carmine eye. Large truss. 30 inches. Pearl; syn., White Beauty. A good late-flowering pure white. 42 inches. Pres. Taft. Light pink, with lighter center. Extra 26 inches. 20 cts.; strong plants, 30 cts. Prof. Virchow. Bright carmine, ov- erlaid with orange-scarlet. 38 inches. *Purity. Pure white; extra large flor- ets and truss. The best pure white I have seen. 26 inches. ♦Richard Wallace. Pure white, with maroon center. 32 inches. Von Hochberg. The ideal crimson- purple, the richest of its color. 28 inches, 20 cts.; strong plants, 30 cts. Siebold. Orange scarlet; large truss. 34 inches. Sunset. Rosy pink. Mixed Phlox. 7 cts.; 75 cts. per doz.; $5.00 per 100; strong plants, 12c; $1.25 per doz. I have a number of fine varieties of my own origination, and they will be offered as my stock of them will permit. Those not priced are 15 cts. each; strong plants, 25 cts. Those marked with a * I have in larger quantities, and can furnish them at 15 cts. each, $1.50 per dozen; strong plants, 25 cts. each, $2.50 per dozen. DELPHINIUM (Perennial Larkspur) The improved Delphinium is a stately plant. Its flower-spikes, from 4 to 6 feet tall, supply our gardens with a wealth of bloom that would be sadly lacking were it not for these magnificent plants. They are of easy culture, and will thrive in any good garden soil. If the spikes are cut down before they are done blooming, others will spring up in their place, prolonging the season of bloom from June to late in October. They are perfectly hardy, and may be planted in the fall, or early spring. Fall, however, is usually considered the best time to set the plants, for they will make a little root-growth unless planted very late, and thus be ready for vigorous growth in spring. MANTORVILLE HYBRIDS. Chinense. A very pretty dwarf vari- ety, with fine feathery foliage and intense gentian-blue flowers in open panicules. 15 cts. each; strong plants, 25 cts. Chinense Album. A pure white form of the above. 15 cts.; $1.50 per dozen. Strong plants, 25 cts. each; $2.50 per dozen. Extra Select Seedlings. These are as they run in the nursery row, and many of them are the equal of named varieties. 20 cts. each; $2.00 per dozen. Strong plants, 30 cts. each; $3.00 per dozen. Formosum. This is the old favorite dark blue with white center; 3 to 4 feet high. Very vigorous and free-flowering. 15 cts. each; $1.50 per dozen. Strong plants, 25 cts.; $2.50 per dozen. Select Seedlings. These are as they run in the nursery row. 15 cts. each; $1.50 per dozen; strong plants, 25 cts.; $2.50 per dozen. 12 WILLIS E. FRYER, M ANT ORVILLE, MINN. This is not “Teddy” but it shows the height of my Hybrid Delphinium SELECT DAHLIAS One of the most important points in the cultivation of Dahlias is to select a well-drained position, where they will receive the full benefit of the sun the greater part of the day. The soil must be deeply dug, if possible, to the depth of two spades, and a liberal amount of plant-food incorporated. For this nothing is more suitable than well-decayed stable manure. It is my desire to get the best, and am testing many new varieties each year. Many varieties that have fine flowers are shy bloomers; these with the inferior sorts are omitted. Do not crowd your plants, but set them not less than 3 feet apart, and, as soon as the shoots appear, remove all but two or three of the strongest, and these, when about a foot high, should be secured to stout stakes. Plant them from the middle to the last of May. Dig the tubers after the first hard frost and, after drying a day, store them in a cool cellar. If the cellar is warm and dry, cover them with dry earth or sand, to prevent shriveling. The plants I offer are all first class. Smaller plants can be furnished of most varieties at two-thirds the price of first size plants. All varieties 25 cts. each, unless otherwise priced. CACTUS DAHLIAS. Capstain. Soft red, tinted apricot; very free. Countess of Lonsdale. One of the best of the Cactus Dahlias. A pe- culiar shade of salmon-pink and am- ber, a color difficult to describe; very free flowering. Floradora. Wine crimson; very free. One of the best. Kriemhilda. Pleasing shade of pink; center almost white. Mary Service. Pinkish apricot. Fine; very free. Mrs. Chas. Turner. A giant cactus; well formed; yellow. Volker. A soft, clear yellow, of me- dium size. Very free. COLLARETTE DAHLIA. Pres. Viger. Rich claret, shaded, lighter toward the edges while the frill or collar is pure white. Free. DECORATIVE DAHLIAS. Jack Rose. Brilliant crimson-red; rich and glowing; very free flower- ing. FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 13 Delphinium Black Prince. This is surely properly named for it is the nearest black of any dahlia yet out. Large and fine form. Blue Oban. Deep lavender-blue. Fine. Clifford W. Burton. Bright yellow. Tall. Double White. Pure white; medium size; free. 15 cts. Gettysburg. Deep, glowing scarlet. Large and bold. Grand Duke Alexis. A magnificent flower of large size and perfect form. Color is pure white, distinctly tinged pinkish-lavender. Very free. 30 cts. Minos. Flowers large, borne of long, graceful stems. The color is in- tense velvety maroon. Oban. Mauve. Fine form. Very free. Red Head. I would call it crimson head. Brilliant crimson; large flow- ers on long stems; vigorous grow- ers; free. 20 cts. Souvenir de Gustave Doazon. A pleasing shade of orange-red. Free. Good stems. Strong grower. The largest dahlia yet out. I have raised them that were seven inches in diameter. Sunrise. Yellow, tinted red; medium - sized flowers; free flowering. 20 cts. Progress. Clear lavender, with stripes and blotches of soft crim- son through each petal. Always covered with blooms; standing well above the foliage. 30 cts. Wilhelm Miller. Very brilliant pur- ple. Large and free. SHOW DAHLIAS. A. D. Livoni. Clear soft pink. Beau- tiful form and very free flowering. Arabella. Sulphur, tipped pinkish; fine form and free flowering. Mme. Moreau. One of the finest. Lavender-pink. Good stems. Fine form. Norma. Bright orange. One of the best. Fine shape. Penelope. White, flaked lavender about center; good form and free. POMPON DAHLIAS. These dahlias are the finest for cut flowers, as they, bloom more freely than any of the other classes. The flowers are small, compact, with long, graceful stems, extra fine for bou- quets. Achilles. Base of petals, flesh; tipped, pink. Bobby. Plum color. Fine. Darkest of All. Nearly black. Harry. Soft yellow. Little Prince. Bold and striking; from richest crimson-maroon to va- ried striped combinations of crim- son, scarlet and white. Snow Clad. Small white. 14 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTORVILLE. MINN America Alice Carey Klondyke GLADIOLI Among all flowers of easy culture none equal the Gladiolus. Wonderful improvements are being made each year in the size, color and beauty of these flowers. For best results they should have a sunny location. May is the best time to plant them in this section of the country, but first sized bulbs can be planted until the 15th or 20th of June. If you wish to prolong the flowering season, plant every ten days from the first planting until about the middle of June. In beds they should be planted 5 to 6 inches apart each way. The ideal place is the vegetable garden; if planted there, they should be set in rows about 18 inches apart and 3 to 4 inches apart in the rows. The depth at which the bulbs should be planted has occasioned considerable controversy, but I have found that a depth of 4 to 6 inches, for first sized bulbs, gives good results. After the first hard frost, lift the bulbs, cut off the stems and let them dry thoroughly; remove the old bulb and roots, then place them in baskets, or boxes, and put them in a cool cellar where it will not freeze. In cutting Gladioli for the house it is best to cut the spikes as soon as the first one or two flowers are open; the remainder will open in the house. Remove the faded flowers, cut off a little of the stem, and change the water every day; if treated this way, a spike will last a week or ten days. Flowers opening in the house will become lighter, often an improvement. I am testing many new varieties each year, and do not offer a variety until I have tested it on my grounds. The best way is to make your selec- tions in the field, but for those who cannot, they can order bulbs with the assurance that they will be as represented. The height is given in inches as they grow from first sized bulbs. The bulbs I offer are all first size (1^4 inches and up in diameter), but I will send second sized bulbs (1 to 1*4 inches in diameter) of all the varieties marked with a * prepaid at the price of first size bulbs. FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 15 50,000 adult Gladioli, the variety “Mrs. W. E. Fryer” in the center NOVELTIES. The following named varieties are recent productions of that master hy- bridist, A. E. Kunderd, of Goshen, Ind., and each one is a valuable addi- tion to the -standard varieties. Amaryllis (Kunderd). Blood red, of brilliant tint. Flowers large and formed very like an Amaryllis. One of the best of the reds. Four to six flowers out at one time. 36 inches, ^©^cts. each, ^Arizona (Kunderd). Dark pink streaked with darker red. Flow- ers large; 6 to 8 out at one time. 44 inches. 20 cts. each. *Blood Spot (Kunderd). Dark ma- hogany with bright red splash on lower petals; very vigorous, with tall, straight spike, with 6 to 8 flowers out at one time. Have counted 30 buds on a spike. 20 cts. each. Cardinal King (Kunderd). Solid cardinal scarlet. Very brilliant. Flowers large; four to six out at one time. Extra. 40 inches. |5 cents each. *Cherry King (Kunderd). Cherry red of a rich, deep tint, with a blotch of still deeper tint on the lower petals. Flowers of medium size but of graceful form. Four to six out at one time. 40 inches. 20 cts. each. Chicago White (Kunderd). Pure white with a small magenta stain in the throat. Six to eight flowers out at a time. The earliest white. In 1913 it blossomed 85 days from planting. 38 inches. 7 cts. each; 75 cts. per dozen. *Clarice (Kunderd). Deep rose pink flaked with a deeper tint. Flowers large and well opened; four to five out at one time. Spike straight and strong. Plant vigorous. 25 cts. each. El Capitan (Kunderd). Bright sul- phur yellow with slight penciling of red on lower petals. Flowers large and well opened; six to eight open at one time. Spike strong and straight. Leaves wide; entire plant vigorous. 48 inches. cts. each. JlOjc Gaity; syn.. Pigeon, Bird of Paradise (Kunderd). Bright salmon pink, suffused and spotted with a deeper tint; lower petals with a blotch of creamy white, penciled with rich pink. Flowers large; four to six out at one time. Spike straight. Exceptionally attractive. 43 inches. 05 cts. each. *Glory (Kunderd). The opening buds are of a soft creamy tint, edged with pink, but as the flowers expand the ground color changes to rich ivory white suffused with pale lavender, which is deeper on the edges. The lower petals are buffish, with a pale 16 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTORVILLE, MINN. crimson stripe through the center; the throat is penciled with buff and crimson. The spike is straight and strong. Flowers large and of grace- ful form; four to six out at one time. 40 inches. This is the vari- etv that made Kunderd famous. IdJrcts. each; $*=25: per dozen. *Governor Hanley (Kunderd). Rich cardinal; a little deeper in the throat. Flowers medium size; four to six out at one time. Extra fine. 44 inches. fS cts. each. Ida Van (Kunderd). Orange-red of brilliant tint. Flowers large and wide open. Six to 8 out at one time. Spike straight and strong. Showy, attractive and beautiful. 42 inches. 20 cts. each. /"* *Mrs. W. E. Fryer (Kunderd). A J brilliant firy orange scarlet of Kun- derdi type. Very broad and heavy petaled flowers of great substance. Massive spike and flowers, with four to six out at one time. An extra choice bedding variety and one of the best for landscape planting for first size bulbs always have from three to four side spikes. As it is a veiy vigorous grower these side spikes are as large as the main spike of many varieties. The foliage is of- ten two inches broad, and it can easily be distinguished in the field from other varieties when not in bloom. It produces exceptionally fine bulbs, and is a fine florist’s sort. An A No. 1 variety in every way. Mr. Clarence Wedge of Al- bert Lea, Minn., who visited me when it was in bloom wrote the Farmer of St. Paul as follows: “I believe I have made a discovery in Gladioli. I can at least say of all Klondyke Gladiolus the varieties I have ever grown or seen growing on the grounds of other people, nothing has ap- proached in luxuriance of bloom a variety which Mr. Fryer named for his wife, Mrs. W. E. Fryer. A row of this variety spreads out into plume-like flowers three feet wide. This is caused by the unusual branching of the main flowering stem, it being common to find as many as four branches besides the main stem, growing from a good sized bulb. The flower is flame col- ored red similar in shade to the pop- ular Mrs. F. King. I take pleasure in calling attention to a flower of such unusual qualities and general value for outdoor planting, and it does not at all detract from the pleas- ure that it should be introduced by one of the enterprising ornamental nurserymen of our own state.” 44 inches. 50 cts. each. Mrs. Frank Pendleton, Jr. (Kunderd). Bright rose pink, shading to a deeper tint toward the center of the petals. the lower petals blotched with rich carmine. Flowers large, well opened, and of graceful form; four to six flowers out at one time. Spike straight and strong; plant vigorous. 38? cts. each. . . , New Garden Pink (Kunderd). Sum- mer Beauty. Fine bright pink, with yellowish tint at base of petals. «. -- Good spike. 46 inches. 32Tcts. each.,#*-?^' Pride of Goshen (Kunderd). Bright salmon pink. Flowers very large and well » opened. Petals heavily ruffled. Plant unusually tall and vigorous. General appearance im- / posing. cts. each. *Orange (Kunderd). Bright orange red with pure white blotch. Four to six flowers out at one time. Very attractive. 40 inches. 20 cts. each. X. Y. Z. (Kunderd). Dark oink striped with dark lines with bril- liant red blotch edged with bright golden yellow. Vigorous grower; straight spike. 20 cts. each. GENERAL LIST. ^America (Banning). Delicate pink, tinted lavender. Flowers large, wide open. Four to six blooms open at one time. Especially beau- tiful and dainty. Plant vigorous. Spike straight and strong. Exceed- ingly popular. 44 inches. cts. each. ^ cts. per dozen, $^06 per 100. SO FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 17 *Alice Carey (Teas). The flower is large, well expanded, of purest white, except a small, purplish crim- son throat. Four to six out at one time. Fine. 38 inches. cts. each; $U9^*per dozen. ¥ Annie Wigman (Hopman). Pale yel- low with small dark blotch. Four to six flowers open at one time. 38 inches. \0 cts., $1.&) per doz. Attraction (Childs). Dark rich crim- son, with conspicuous white throat. 10 cts. each. * Augusta (Hallock). Clear white, with a slight suffusion of pink on lower half of petals; blue anthers. Six to eight flowers out at one time. Vig- orous grower and very popular. 40 inches. 5 cts. each, 50 cts. per dozen, $3.00 per 100. *Baron J. Hulot (Lemoine). Rich purple with a bluish tinge. Flow- ers of medium size, but of graceful form; four to six out at one time. 42 inches. 1 0 cts. each. $-£$5 per dozen. Blanche (Childs). The finest white of the Childi strain; large flowers with but few markings of pale rose. 15 cts. each. *Blue Seedling. This is one I se- lected from the Blue Section. Light blue, with markings of different shades. Crimson blotch on lower petals; five to seven blooms out at one time. 46 inches. 5 cts. each, 50 cts. per dozen, $3.00 per 100. Burrell. Dark red; handsome butter- fly markings; large flowers and compact spike. 10 cts. each. Brenchleyensis (Youell). Vivid ver- million-scarlet. Especially useful for garden effect. Vigorous grower. Eight to twelve flowers out at one time. 40 inches. 5 cts. each, 50 ct^, per dozen* Charlemagne. A French introduc- tion of the Giant type, with very large, open flowers on massive spikes. Color, sunrise red, flaked darker, and marked with large creamy white blotches, densely dot- ted with purple-carmine. 25 cts. each. ^Columbia (Childs). Large, orange- scarlet, splashed and blotched blu- ish purple. Four to six blooms out at one time. 40 inches. ^Tcts. each, insets, per dozen. S *Cracker Jack (Groff). Dark red, of a rich velvety texture; blotch of rAa- roon on a yellow ground. Four to six blooms out at one time. 40 inches. 4#^cts. each, $f=§# per dozen. Desdemona (Vilmorin). Flowers of ashy rose ground color striped with violet. Lower petals with a large blotch of dark red edged with huf- fish white. Blossoms of very large size and well opened; four to six out at one time. Extremelv attrac- tive. 46 inches. 20 cts. each. Deuil de Carnot. A superb French introduction, with large, open flow- ers of velvety crimson-maroon, shaded with black; very rich. 25 cts. each. Eldorado. Early bloomer; deep clear yellow; lower petals spotted with maroon. 10 cts each. Empress of India (Velthus). Rich dark red with a brownish tinge — a rare and beautiful color. 25 cts. each. Europa (Pitzer). Snowy white with- out a trace of color. The finest pure white yet offered. ^§7t;ts. each. Evaline; syn., John Schmelzer. A large, well opened flower. Color, violet, underlaid with terra cotta red. Variable. Four to six blooms out at one time. Very rich and striking. 38 inches, ifircts. each. Fred Wigman. Light red with a strong yellow throat; flowers large; four to six out at one time. Stem crooked. Attractive. 44 inches. "2^cts. each. Geo. Paul; syn., Harvard. Very large flowers; deep crimson, spotted with purple. Three to five blooms out at one time. 36 inches. 10 cts. Golden King (Black). Bright yellow with an intense crimson patch on lower petals. The flowers are large and well expanded and six to eight are usually open at one time. 20 cts. each. Golden Queen (Stewart). Creamy buff with a blotch of carmine. Flow- ers large, open and of good sub- stance. 10 cts. each. 18 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTORVILLE, MINN. / / ♦Independence (Woodruff). Rich light scarlet. Flowers large; sev- eral out at one time. Spike tall, 48 inches, and straight. Good for garden effect and cutting. -6- lir?. each, fidgets. per dozen. sop- *Jane Dieulafoy (Lemoine). Larg^ flowers; four to six out at one time; creamy white with blood-red blotches on lower petals. Extra. 40 inches. This is not the true va- riety, but it is far superior to it. l£?cts. each. per dozen. Jessie (Crawford). Rich velvety red; long spike of well opened flowers; five to seven out at one time; early. 50 inches. 7 cts. each, 75 cts. per dozen. ♦Klondyke (Vilmorin). One of the best of the yellows. Vigorous, stocky grower; round flowers; six to eight out at one time; clear primrose yellow; crimson-maroon blotch on lower petals. Spike straight; foliage erect. 40 inches. each, 7ir>cts. per dozen, $'5?0$ per 100. SO ^ 1 ♦Leuthold. Scarlet with yellow mark- ings; maroon blotch on lower pet- als. Flowers large; four to six out at one time. Late; strong grower. Drooping foliage which is often four feet long on second sized bulbs. 46 inches. I found this in a mixture I bought a number of years ago, and have never se^n a variety like it. 6»cts. each, cts. Per dozen, $4?0#-per 100. *Madam Monneret (Lemoine). Bright rose pink. Flowers of good size and gracefully formed. 5 cts. each, 50 cts. per dozen. ♦Marie Lemoine (Lemoine). Rich creamy yellow; the lower petals spotted with lilac and yellow. Four to six blooms out at one time. A beautiful and dainty flower. One of the earliest to bloom. 40 inches. 5 cts. each, 50 cts. per dozen, $3.00 per 100. May (Crawford). White finely flaked with rosy crimson. Plant vigorous; spike strong. 5 cts. each, 50 cts. per dozen. Maude. Creamy white or pale yellow with small, rich maroon spots on lower petals. 10 cts. each. ♦Old Rose. Deep rose fawn; an odd color. Flowers are well expanded; three to five out at one time. Spike straight and stiff. Admired by all who have seen it. 36 inches. This is one I selected from the Blue Sec- tion, but it is identical with Stew- art’s Chocolate Drop. sts. each, cts. per dozen, $5.00 per 100. I *0 M *i M / ♦Mrs. Frances King (Groff). A strong-growing variety with very large spike of showy flowers; four to six open at one time. Color a bright shade of pure ^scarlet. 46 inches. F—Tts. each, cts. per dozen, $i.QQ* *-per 100. Mephistopheles (Lemoine). Bright crimson splashed with dark crim- son and yellow. Flowers large and very attractive; four to six out at one time. 36 inches. 1(0 cts. each. ♦Niagara (Banning). Soft primrose yellow, slightly tinged with rose pink in the throat. Flowers large and exceptionally graceful form. Awarded certificate of merit at Baltimore and Boston. *5 cts. each. Nezincott (Childs). Bright blood- scarlet, with velvety crimson-black blotches and white markings in the throat. 38 inches. 15 cts. each. Octaroon (Hallock). Rich salmon ✓pink. Flowers of good size and / graceful form. 10 cts. each. ♦Oriflame. Red with yellow and green markings. 5 cts. -each, 50 cts. per dozen, $3x)0 per IT*). Peace (Groff). This is a magnificent variety. Though it has a delicate lilac spot on lower petals, the ground color is of the purest white and the petals firm and solid. Flow- ers are large and well opened; four to six out at one time; strong spike. Fine clean foliage. Late bloomer. 46 inches. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per dozen. Perfection. Bright lively pink, flaked and tipped with shades of the same color. Tall spike, 48 inches, and large flowers; dropping foliage. Extra. This is not tne same as Mr. Stewart’s Perfection. W* cts. each, $*-#3>er dozen. fr" Pink Beauty. Pink with dark crim- son blotch. The earliest sort. / Bloomed in just 63 days last sea- ^ ^ son. 7 USTTUCli, 75 wts. per dozen. President Taft (Stewart). Delicate pink, shaded darker at the edges; red blotch, light line through each petal. Bulbs, spike and flowers of large size, d^cts. each, per dozen. ^ ♦Princeps (Van Fleet). Dazzling scar- let; a patch on the lower petals of buffish-white, bordered by clear white. Flowers of amaryllis-like form and of immense size, measur- ing five inches and more across. Three to four open at one time^ A grand and brilliant variety. 10cts. each, per dozen. FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 19 200,000 Baby Gladioli Pactole. Canary yellow, dark maroon blotch. ^-LTs. ■L«*ck. S'O Primulinus. A new and rare species, discovered in South Africa in 1909. The color is a clear primrose yel- low. The form of the flower is dis- tinctive, the upper petals drooping forward. The foliage is slender but vigorous. Blooms early. 15 cts. each. Princpine (Kirchoff). Bright red with a white throat. Flowers large and /very attractive. New. ^5 cts. each. Reine de L’Anjou (Barre). Pure white, except a small crimson line in the bottom of the throat. Flow- ers of graceful form and good size and substance. Plant vigorous growing from four to five feet in height. 20 ‘Cts. each. iSfL Scarsdale (Cowee). Pinkish lavender. Flowers large. Spike straight and tall. 10 cts. each. *Sulphur King (Childs). Clear sul- phur yellow, one of the best of the pure yellows. Spike straight and strong. Four to six blooms out at one time. 38 inches. 20 cts. each. Sulphur Queen (Stewart). Sulphur yellow; does not fade. Good sized flower and straight, stiff spike. Six to eight blooms open at once. 40 inches. 15 cts. each. Victory (Stewart). Flowers of med- ium size, well arranged on a strong straight spike; delicate sulphur-yel- low; lower petals deeper yellow. 10 cts. each. White Lady (From Holland). Pure white without markings, even the anthers are white, and the flowers are large and of fine form. Always scarce. This is identical with Rochester White. 25 cts. each. Willy Wigman (Waarner). Creamy white flushed with soft pink, a crim- son blotch on lower petals; four to six blooms out at one time. Spike straight. A very beautiful variety. 48 inches. 20 cts. each. 1900 (Kennell). Very showy dark scarlet with white spots on three lower petals. 7 cts. each. MIXTURES. Groff’s Hybrids. A splendid mixture of large-flowered varieties in many shades of red and pink. 50 cts. per dozen. *Groff’s Hybrids. This mixture has a good percentage of independence. 40 cts. per dozen. *Light Mixture. Mostly white, light and yellow shades. yO cts. per dozen, $3.00 per 100. *Blue Mixture. Mostly blue and heli- otrope shades, if® cts. per dozen, $3.00 per 100. *Koerner’s Hybrids. A good mixture of all colors. The first sized bulbs have some Klondyke mixed with them. 50 cts. per dozen, $3.00 per 100. Named Mixed. This mixture prob- ably contains 25 varieties. They are not the best, yet some praise them highly. 5 cts. each., 50 cts. per dozen. *Choice Mixed. I have been collect- ing this mixture for a number of years, and it contains some fine va- rieties. cts. per dozen, $5.00 per 100. SO " ~ " Seedlings. T-'cts. each, 75 cts. per dozen. SO The King (Cowee). Rich magenta, the throat bearing a blotch of red on a white ground. Flowers large and wide open. One of the best of the nanceianus class. 10cts. each. Seedlings. These are selected when in bloom, and all are better than some named varieties. 4-0-Tts. each, $H70*»»per dozen. ^ 25 bulbs at 100 rates. I have a large quantity of flowers for sale during the blooming season, for commercial use or home decoration. Prices reasonable. 20 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTORVILLE, MINN. HARDY HARDY PLANTS. Achillea. “The Pearl.” Flowers of the purest white, borne in great profusion until late summer. As a summer cut flower it is of great value. 15 cts. Strong plants, 25 cts. Batemanniae Lily. An attractive, strong-growing lily; height 4 to 5 feet; flowers reddish orange. Blos- soms in July. Plants 15 cts. Strong plants 25 cts. each. Columbine. The Columbines are among the most beautiful and hardy plants, producing their graceful, spurred flowers on stems rising two feet or more above the beautifully divided foliage, and are highly prized for cutting. Their period of flowering covers the late spring and summer months. Mixed colors. 15 cts. each, $1.50 per dozen. Strong plants 25 cts. each, $2.50 per dozen. Double Tiger Lily. This is a plant of stately habit, growing from 4 to 5 feet high; foliage is dark green and very long, bearing an immense number of double, bright orange and red flcTtvers, spotted with black. Large bulbs 20 cts. each; No. 1 15 cts. each, $1.50 per dozen; No. 2 10 cts. each, $1.00 Aer dozen. No. 2 are from one inch to one and one- half inches in diameter. PLANTS Lemon Lily. Lemon-yellow. Plants, 20 cts. Oriental Poppies. The secret in growing hardy poppies is to plant in August and September. 15 cts. each. Strong plants, 25 cts. each. Platycodon (Japanese Bellflower). Grows about 2 feet high, and after the third season each plant will have from five to ten stalks covered with blue and white blossoms for nearly a month, beginning in July. Mixed colors, 15 cts. Strong plants, 25 cts. Pyrethrum Uliginosum (Giant Daisy). Grows four to six feet high, cov- ered with large, daisy-like flowers. Three inches in diameter from July to September. Very hdrdy. 15 cts. Strong plants, 25 cts. Rudbeckia, Golden Glow. A strong, robust grower attaining a height of five to six feet, and produces masses of double golden yellow cactus- dahlia-like flowers from July to Sep- tember. 10 cts. Strong plants, 20 cts. Yucca (Adam’s Needle). Among hardy ornamental foliage and flow- ering plants this can be placed at the head of the list. Its broad, sword-like foliage and tall, branched spikes of large fragrant, drooping, creamy white flowers during June and July make it an effective plant for all positions. 25 cts. Strong plants, 50 cits. Hardy plants can be planted either in the fall or spring. Yucca Achillea FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 21 Hydrangea “Hill of Snow.” SHRUBS Shrubs are as much a part of a well-balanced garden as the lawn or flower- borders. Many of them are as decorative as any ornamental foliage plant, while others are highly useful as cut-flowers, and, if well arranged, present an attractive appearance throughout the year. Shrubs have many uses, such as a dividing line between the flower and vegetable gardens, or between the lawn and uncultivated land beyond; as a background to a flower-border; for hiding an unsightly building, fence or foundation. In planting, care should be taken not to over-crowd, allowing sufficient room for future development, and unless immediate effect is wanted; in which case they may be planted closer and some of them removed when necessary. The majority of the dwarf-growing kinds may be set 3 feet apart, the tall, strong growers 5 to 6 feet apart. After planting it is well to mulch the soil around the plants, using well-rotted manure, straw or leaves, which conserves moisture during dry weather in summer, and protects the roots during winter. Shrubs should be planted only in the spring in this latitude. The question of when and how to prune shrubs is one that is frequently asked, and no hard and fast rule can be given. I can but indicate, in a general way, what should be done. All shrubs that blossom before midsummer such as lilacs, snowballs, syringas, etc., produce their flowers on the growth of wood made the previous year. To prune them in the spring would destroy most of the flowers for that season. These, therefore, should have any necessary pruning done immediately 22 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTORVILLE, MINN. after flowering. Varieties that bloom after midsummer produce their blooms on wood made the same season. The hydrangea is an example of this class. These should be pruned in early spring. BARBERRY. Purple-leaved. An interesting shrub, growing from 3 to 5 feet high, with violet-purple foliage. Plant only in full sunlight. 18 to 24 inches, 20 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 35 cts. Vulgaris. Green-leaved. Same as above in growth. 18 to 24 inches, 20 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 35 cts. Thunbergii. From Japan. A pretty species, of dwarf habit, small foliage, changing to a beautiful coppery red in autumn. Valuable for ornamental hedges. 12 to 18 inches, 20 cts. each, $2 per dozen; 18 to 24 inches, 25 cts. each, $2.50 per dozen; 2 to 3 feet, 40 cts. each, $4 per dozen. ELDER. HYDRANGEA. “Hills of Snow,” or Snowball Hy- drangea. This magnificent, hardy American shrub has snow-white blossoms of large size. One of its most valuable characteristics is its coming into bloom just after the passing 'of all the spring-flowering shrubs, while its long flowering season, from the middle of June un- til late August, makes it a valuable acquisition to our gardens. I have a good supply of these of my own growing and have made an excep- tionally low price. 12 to 18 inches, 20 cts.; 18 to 24 inches, 30 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 40 cts. Plants with large roots 60 cts and 75 cts. each. These will soon make large clumps. Paniculata Grandiflora. A native of Japan. A fine shrub growing five to six feet high. Flowers white, in great pyramidal panicles sometimes a foot long, and produced in Aug- ust and September when very few shrubs are in flower. The plants should be cut back severely in spring just as the buds start. If you wish large blooms this is nec- essary. 18 to 24 inches, 25 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 40 cts. LONICERA (Bush Honeysuckle). Tatarica. White flowers; blooms in May and June; height from 5 to 6 feet. 12 to 18 inches, 10 cts., $1 per dozen; 18 to 24 inches, 15 cts., $1.50 per dozen; 2 to 3 feet, 20 cts., $2 per dozen; 3 to 4 feet, 30 cts., $3 per dozen. Heavy plants 50 cts. and 75 cts. each. Tatarica. Pink flowers; blooms in May and June; height from 6 to 7 feet. 18 to 24 inches, 15 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 20 cts., $2 per dozen, 3 to 4 feet, 30 cts., $3 per dozen. Heavy plants 50 cts. and 75 cts. each. These Honeysuckles make excellent hedges, and can be sheared to any desirable height. Common. This is the variety that grows wild. 3 to 4 feet, 25 cts. Golden. Has golden yellow foliage. Should be planted in full sunlight. 2 to 3 feet, 25 cts.; 3 to 4 feet, 40 cts. LILACS. I have a collection of sixty va- rieties, and am adding to it each year. Eastern and southern nursery- men work them on privit, and the roots are not hardy here. I am work- ing them on ash and soon will have a good supply grown this way. Many of the named varieties bloom when very small, 12 to 18 inches. Chinese Tree Lilac. This grows to be a small tree. Large white honey- scented flowers. Own root plants. 12 to 18 inches, 20 cts.; 18 to 24 inches, 35 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 50 cts. Madam Casimir Perier Lilac FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 23 Spirea Van Houtti Snowball grown in tree form Common Purple. Bluish purple flow- ers, well known. 20 cts, to 50 cts. each. Common White. Cream-colored flow- ers. 2 to 3 feet, 25 cts.; 3 to 4 feet, 35 cts. Double Pink. Short, thick panicles, and very double. Color lilac-pink, the nearest approach to pink that I have seen. Very free flowering. 1 lost the name of this variety and this is just to distinguish it. Own root plants. 18 to 24 inches, 35 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 50 cts.; 3 to 4 feet, 75 cts. Japonica. A species from Japan, be- coming a good-sized tree. Foliage dark green, glossy, leathery; flow- ers creamy white, odorless, in great panicles. A month later than other Lilacs. Heavy plants. 75 cts. and $1.00. Josikaea (Hungarian Lilac). A dis- tinct species of tree-like growth, with dark, shining leaves and pur- ple flowers, which are produced late in the season. Own root plants. 18 to 24 inches, 35 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 50 cts. Ludwig Spaeth. Panicles long, indi- vidual flowers single, very large, dark purplish red, distinct, superb. 2 to 3 feet, 50 cts. Madame Casimir Perier. Creamy white, very double. One of the finest. Own root plant. 12 to 18 inches, 25 cts.; 18 to 24 inches, 35 cts. Persian. From 4 to 6 feet high, with small foliage and bright purple flowers. 2 to 3 feet, 25 cts. each; 3 to 4 feet, 35 cts. each; 4 to 5 feet, 50 cts. Villosa. Very large panicles, straw- colored flowers, single, very fine, blooms late in June when others are through flowering. Own root plants. 2 to 3 feet, 50 cts.; 3 to 4 feet, 75 cts.; 4 to 5 feet, $1. SNOWBALL. A well-known shrub. Produces snow-white flowers in large balls in June. Heavy plants. 2 to 3 feet, 25 cts.; 3 to 4 feet, 40 cts.; 4 to 5 feet, 60 cts. Heavy plants 75 cts. each. TREE FORM. 3 to 4 ft., 60 cts. 4 to 5 ft., 75 cts. SPIREAS. Anthony Waterer. Crimson flowers. Bumulda. Same as above, pink flow- ers. Snowballs 24 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTORVILLE, MINN. Callosa alba. Same as above, with white flowers. 12 to 18 inches, 20 cts. each; $2 per dozen. These three are dwarf, seldom ex- ceeding 2 feet in height. Fine for low hedges or edging in front of tall shrubs, or perennials. Will bloom nearly all summer. Aurea. Grows 5 to 6 feet high, bright golden-yellow foliage, creamy white flowers. Very hardy. One of our best shrubs with ornamental foliage. 2 to 3 feet, 30 cts.; 3 to 4 feet, 50 cts. Sorbifolia (Ash-leaved Spirea). Spikes of white flowers in July. 2 to 3 feet, 25 cts.; 3 to 4 feet, 40 cts. Van Houttei. The finest of all. At flowering season in May and June the plant is covered with white flowers. For hedges it should be cut back after flowers fade. 18 to 24 inches, 15 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 20 cts., $2 per dozen, $15 per 100; 3 to 4 feet, 30 cts., $3 oer dozen, $20 per 100; 4 to 5 feet, 40 cts., $4 per dozen. Heavy plants 60 cts. and 75 cts. each. Spirea Sorbifolia SYRINGA. A vigorous-growing shrub with masses of pure white, very fragrant flowers in June. 2 to 3 feet, 25 cts.; 3 to 4 feet, 40 cts.; 4 to 5 feet. 60 cts.; 5 to 6 feet, 75 cts. Heavy plants 85 cts. each. ROSES All Roses should be protected during the winter, unless otherwise men- tioned in the description. All Roses should be more or less pruned when planting. The Hybrid Perpetuals should be cut back to within a feA^ inches of the ground. They produce their blooms on wood made the same season, and will show a fair amount of flowers through the summer and fall. RUGOSA ROSES AND THEIR HYBRIDS. Agnes Emily Carman. A robust hybrid obtained by crossing the pink Rugosa with Harrison’s Yel- low. Flowers in clusters, brilliant crimson, very free bloomer and in bloom nearly all summer, rampant grower, handsome foliage. 50 cts. each. Blanc Double de Coubert. A variety with semi-double, pure white flow- ers, with a delightful fragrance; handsome foliage. 50 cts. each. Hansa. Double, red, perpetual flow- ering, free bloomer, clusters very large. 50 cts. Rugosa alba. From Japan. Single, pure white, five petals, highly scent- ed. 50 cts. each. Sir Thomas Lipton. The best double of its class, beautiful and constantly in bloom, of most vigorous habit. 50 cts. each. Rugosa rubra. Another Japanese va- riety. Flowers single, of a beauti- ful rosy red, succeeded by large, rich red berries. A great addition to the ornamental character of the plant. All the above are very hardy, except Conrad F. Meyer, and need no protection. 50 cts. each. HYDRID PERPETUAL ROSES. Francois Levet. Cherry-red, medium- sized well formed, very free bloom- er. Gen. Jacqueminot. Brilliant crimson; not full, but large and effective. Paul Neyron. Deep rose-color, wood rather smooth, by far the largest variety in cultivation, free bloomer. 30 cts. Strong plants 50 cts. FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 25 Centifolia, or Cabbage. June Rose. Rose-color, large size, globular ;tprm, very fragrant. A superb va- riety. 25 cts. each; strong plants, 35 cts.; $3.50 per dozen. Crimson Rambler. The wonderful Japanese Rose. It is a running or climbing Rose of vigorous habit; strong and rapid grower, with hand- some shining foliage, and produces in marvelous abundamce clusters of the brightest crimson semi-double Roses. The great length of time the flowers remain on the plant ^without fading or losing their bril- liancy makes it a great favorite. 40 cts. Strong plants 60 cts. Harrison’s Yellow. Golden yellow, medium size, semi-double. Very early. Needs no protection. 30 cts., strong plants 50 cts. Dorothy Perkins. Trailing or climb- ing. A beautiful shell-pink, double flowers borne in clusters of from twenty to thirty. The foliage is finer, smoother and darker than Crimson Rambler. 30 cts., strong plants 50 cts. Madam Plantier. Pure white, medi- um size, full. Produced in great abundance in June. 30 cts., strong plants 50 cts. Madame Bena. June Rose. This is not the right name for it. Light pink, very large; fine. 30 cts., strong plants 50 cts. Tausendschon (Thousand Beauties). A rapid-growing, almost thornless climber; pink turning do bright rose and carmine; large trusses; sweetly scented. 40 cts., strong plants 60 cts. TREE ROSES. Perpetual Roses are budded on hardy rose-stalks 4 to 5 feet high, and when in full bloom are an object of beauty. They will bloom freely the year planted. They can be kept out-of-doors, with good protection during the winter, or taken up and the roots kept in soil in the cellar. These should be pruned back severely before planting. I have them in pink, red and white. $1 each. Cabbage Roses MISCELLANEOUS ROSES. Our Kathryn and the Tausendschon Rose VINES CLEMATIS. Jackmanni. Large, intense violet- purple, remarkable for its velvety richness, free in growth and an abundant bloomer. This is the most reliable large-flowered Clematis. 30 cts., strong plants 60 cts. Paniculata. From Japan. It has proved to be one of the most de- sirable, useful and beautiful of hardy vines.. The flowers are white, medi- um size, very pretty and fragrant, and produced in the greatest pro- fusion in September. All the pro- tection it needs in winter is a covering of leaves or other litter. 26 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTQRVILLE, MINN. Cut it down to the ground in spring. 20 cts. and 40 cts., extra strong- plants 60 cts. Virgiania (American White Clem- atis). A remarkably strong-growing variety, attaining a height of 20 feet, and producing a profusion of flowers in August, followed by sil- very, feathery seed-pods, which make an attractive appearance until late fall. This is perfectly hardy and is good for verandas and cov- ering arbors. 15 cts., 4 for 50 cts., larger plants 25 cts., extra strong plants 50 cts. HONEYSUCKLES. I Scarlet Trumpet. Brilliant coral-red clusters of trumpet-shaped flowers throughout the summer and autumn. The foliage is dark, glossy green, and is not injured by the frost until in November. I am able to gather flowers from this nearly every year in November. One of the best. 20 cts. and 40 cts. Extra strong plants 60 cts. ORNAMENTAL TREES I have a fair supply of most varieties of shade and weeping trees, but will price only a few. Manitoba Poplar. A rapid-growing poplar. 4 to 5 feet, 10 cts. each, $1 per dozen; 3 to 4 feet, 7 cts., 75 cts. per dozen; 2 to 3 feet, 5 cts., 50 cts. per dozen. Norway Poplar. The same sizes and prices as Manitoba Poplar . Catalpa speciosa (Western Catalpa). It has large, heart-shaped leaves, and has very pretty white flowers, edged with violet and dotted with purple and yellow. The trees I offer are the second generation from Minnesota seed, and are much hardier than southern or eastern trees. Should be grown on every farm. 4 to 5 feet, 25 cts.; 5 to 6 feet, 35 cts.; 6 to 8 feet, 50 cts.: 8 to 10 feet, 75 cts. Laurel-leaved Willow. A handsome, close-growing tree. Leaves dark, glossy green, and highly ornamental. The willow worm does not eat the leaves of this Willow. The illustra- tion above is from a fine specimen growing on the grounds at my nursery. It is one of the most conspicuous trees on the place. 6 to 8 feet, 50 cts.; 8 to 10 feet, 75 cts. American Larch. This is a very orna- mental tree. It resembles an ever- green during the summer, but is deciduous. I have a good supply of these from 4 to 10 feet high, and 25 cts. to 75 cts. each. American Elm. Well known. All sizes, and from 25c to $1 each. Laurel Leaf Willow Tartarian Honeysuckle Hedge Yellow Trumpet. Same as above with yellow flowers. Strong plants 50 cts. IVIES. Quinquefolia (American Ivy). Has beautiful leaves that become rich crimson in autumn, very rapid grower. 20 cts., strong plants 40 cts. Engelmanni. Shorter-jointed than Quinquefolia. A good Ivy for climb- ing up brick and stone buildings. 25 cts., strong plants 50 cts. FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 27 Colorado Blue Spruce in the nursery row Hard or Sugar Maple. One of our best native ornamental trees. 4 to 5 feet, 25 cts.; 5 to 6 feet, 35 cts.; 6 to 8 feet, 50 cts.; 8 to 10 feet, 75 cts. These are nursery grown. CUTTINGS. They are cut 8 inches long and tied 100 in a bundle with tops all one way. They are also cut from wood of the last season’s growth. Fifteen years’ growth from a cutting has produced Poplars 55 feet high and 17 inches in diameter. We are wondering where our lumber will come from 20 years hence. Plant cuttings and you can solve the problem. Plant in mellow Colorado Blue Spruce ground, well firmed, and have about 1 inch above the ground when they are planted. Be sure to firm the soil near the cutting when planting. Carolina Poplar. 30 cts. per 100; $2.50 per 1,000. Norway Poplar. The genuine. 35 cts. per 100, $3 per 1,000. Laurel Lea Willow. 30 cts. per 100, $2.50 per 1,000. Golden Willow. 25 cts. per 100, $2 per 1,000. Manitoba Poplar. 40 cts. per 100, $1 for 300. Diamond Willow. 30 cts. per 100, $1 for 400. Not less than 100 cuttings sold. EVERGREENS There seems to be a common opinion that it is a difficult matter to have success in planting Evergreens. If care is taken not to expose them to wind or sun, and the ground is well firmed about the roots, you will succeed as well as with other trees. As soon as the trees arrive, make sure that the roots are Shearing a Siberian Arbor Vitae Native White Pine 2 ft. in diameter 20 rods from the nursery 28 WILLIS E. FRYER, MANTORVILLE, MINN. moist. Mix a pailful or tubful of thin mud; put the roots in the- mud, and keep them covered until ready to drop into the hole. Leave two or three inches of loose soil around the tree for a mulch. Grass clippings or fine straw make a good mulch. America Arborvitae. One of the best evergreens for screens or hedges. Can be sheared . to any desired height or form. 12 to 18 inches, 15 cts., $1.,50 per dozen, $10 per 100; 18 to 24 inches. 20 cts., $2 per dozen, $15 per 100; 2 to 3 feet, 30 cts., $3 per dozen. Balsam Fir. A native evergreen of ^upright, conical form; dark green •’/foliage, silvery beneath; retains its color throughout the severest winters. 12 to 18 inches, 20 cts.; 18 to 24 inches, 30 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 50 cts. Colorado Blue Spruce. The best of all the evergreens for ornamental planting. They vary from green to deep blue. Only a small portion of the trees are select blue, so it is best to come and see them, if pos- sible, and have them reserved for you. I have a fair supply from small trees to 3 feet in height. Prices on application. Dwarf Mountain Pine. A dwarf va- riety for planting on lawns and in cemeteries; very handsome when well grown; bright green foliage. Tt can hardly be called a tree, as it grows to a height of only a few feet, and usually its breadth is as great as its height. 12 to 18 inches, 30 cts., 18 to 24 inches, 50 cts. Jack Pine. A rapid grower, and one of the best for trying locations. 12 to 18 inches, 15 cts., $1.50 per dozen; 18 to 24 inches. 20 cts., $2 per dozen; 2 to 3 feet, 30 cts.; 3 to 4 feet, 50 cts. FRUITS I have a general line of fruit trees and small-fruit plants, but will give descriptions and prices on only a few of the leading varieties. If others are wanted write for prices. Trim your apple trees before planting — both root and branch. Cut off all bruised roots, and those that are too long. Always cut from the under side, cutting outward. Cut away about half of the last season’s growth of the side branches, but do not cut the main stem unless very tall. If the tree is forked cut away the poorer branch. If trees are trimmed this way at planting, and given some care afterward they will not form heavy side branches that will split down and injure the tree. To protect them against injury by rabbits, place small shocks of corn on the sides of the orchard that they. frequent the most. If they can get corn through the winter they will not injure a tree. To protect them against injury by mice. Before winter sets in throw up a mound of earth around each tree about ten inches high, and have it slope sharply away from the tree. A perfect specimen of Dwarf Mt. Pine Norway Spruce. One of the most rapid growers of the Spruces. 12 to 18 inches, 15 cts.; 18 to 24 inches, 25 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 40 cts. Scotch Pine. A well-known, rapid grower. 12 to 18 inches, 15 cts., $1.50 per dozen; 18 to 24 inches, 20 cts., $2 per dozen; 2 to 3 feet, 30 cts.. $3 per dozen. White Pine. One of the most beau- tiful of all the Pines. 12 to 18 inches, 20 cts., $2 per dozen; 18 to 24 inches, 25 cts., $2.50 per dozen; 2 to 3 feet, 40 cts., $4 per dozen. White Spruce. Of straight, upright growth and symmetrical form. Fine for ornamental use. 12 to 18 inches, 20 cts.; 18 to 24 inches, 30 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 50 cts. FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 29 APPLES Price of Apples unless noted: 5 to 6 ft., 30c each, $3.00 per dozen, $20.00 per 100. 4 to 5 ft., 20c each, $2.00 per dozen, $15.00 per 100. 3 to 4 ft., 15c each, $1.50 per dozen. I have fine shapely trees of most varieties 7 to 8 ft., at 40c each, $4.00 per dozen. Anisim. Fruit medium size, dark red and fine quality. Strong, upright grower. Season from October to January. Duchess. Large size, very produc- tive. Fine for cooking and eating. Season, August and September. Eastman. New. The tree is a rapid, spreading grower. An early and heavy bearer of large, striped Ap- ples. Fine for eating and cooking. Ripens just after the Duchess. 7 to 8 feet, 50 cts.; 5 to 6 feet, 40 cts., $4 per dozen; 4 to 5 feet, 25 cts., $2.50 per dozen; 3 to 4 feet, 20 cts. Houston. Tree an upright, spreading grower, and very hardy. Fruit is large, greenish yellow when first ripe, turning to a beautiful golden yellow when fully ripe. Good cook- ing and eating. Season, September and October. This variety orig- inated forty years ago on the Hous- ton farm, two miles from the nurs- ery, and I am the only one who has it for sale. 7 to 8 feet, 50 cts.; 5 to 6 feet, 40 cts., $4 per dozen; 4 to 5 feet, 25 cts., $2.50 per dozen; 3 to 4 feet, 20 cts. Iowa Beauty. Strong, upright grow- er. Fruit large, good quality and a little later than the Duchess. Northwestern Greening. The largest long keeping Apple we have. Okabena. Very productive; color yellow ground, striped and splashed with carmine; good quality. Ripens just after the Iowa Beauty. Patten Greening. Fruit very large, green, often with blush of red. A vigorous grower; bears early and abundantly. An excellent cooking Apple and fairly good eating. Sea- son, October to January. Peerless. A straight, upright grower. Fruit larger than Wealthy, of a pleasing subacid flavor; color red on a yellow greenish ground. The same season as Wealthy. Peter. Identical with the Wealthy. Summer Pear. New. A rapid, up- right grower; an early and abundant bearer of the finest eating Apples found in the northwest. Season, August. 7 to 8 feet, 50 cts.; 5 to 6 feet, 40 cts., $4 per dozen; 4 to 5 feet, 25 cts., $2.50 per dozen; 3 to 4 feet, 20 cts. CRAB APPLES. Dartt. An upright, straight grower. Fruit light red, and about the size of Whitney. Season, October to December. Whitney. Straight, upright grower. Fruit of good size, red and yellow striped, very crisp and juicy. A de- licious little eating Apple, and one of the best for canning whole. It should be canned before it gets over-ripe. Ripens late in August. If 50 or more trees are wanted, selections of not less than 10 of a variety can be made at 100 prices. CURRANTS. Boskoop Giant. Black. A famous new Currant of strong growth and free-bearing quality, being especial- ly adapted for preserving. Two-year plants, 20 cts.; one-year, 10 cts. Comet. New. The berries are of enormous size and the most bril- liant crimson color. Two-year plants, 25 cts.; one-year, 15 cts. Perfection. One of the largest and best red Currants grown. It is a wonderful bearer, and the season for ripening is quite late. Two-year plants, 25 cts., $2.50 per dozen; one- year, 15 cts., $1.50 per dozen. White Grape. The best white Cur- rant. Fine for table use. Large, very productive, and sweeter than other varieties. Unless otherwise priced. Two-year plants, 12 cts., $1.25 per dozen; one-year, 7 cts., 75 cts. per dozen. Red Dutch, Stewart and Victoria. Same sizes and prices as White Grape. A two-foot rule is laid across the stand, and it shows the large size of the Downing Gooseberries and Perfection Currants. GOOSEBERRIES. Downing. Very large and produc- tive. Greenish white when ripe. Two-year plants, 17 cts., $1.75 per dozen; one-year plants, 12 cts., $1.24 per dozen. Carrie. Originated at Minneapolis seventeen years ago. A strong, ro- bust-growing bush. Fruit good- sized, three to five berries in a clus- ter; few thorns. Excellent quality, an attractive fruit, bears very young. Color red. Two-year plants, 25 cts., $2.50 per dozen; one-year, 15 cts., $1.50 per dozen. Houghton. Very productive, of medi- um size, the same color as the wild Gooseberry when ripe. Two-year plants, 12 cts., $1.25 per dozen; one- year. 7 cts., 75 cts. per dozen. Currants and Gooseberries can be planted either fall or spring. RASPBERRIES. Columbian. A very strong-growing variety, and very productive. Fruit purple, and of large size. It does not sucker from the roots like red Raspberries. A superior sort for canning. Two-year plants, 75 cts. per dozen. Golden Queen. A beautiful, large, golden yellow. A seedling of the red Raspberry, Cuthbert, which it resembles in growth of bush. 50 cts. per dozen. King. One of the best varieties, and one that is giving general satisfac- tion. Hardy, thrifty and productive. Berries are large, bright red and of good quality. 30 cts. per dozen, $1.50 per 100. Sunbeam. This is one of Prof. Han- sen’s productions. It is hardy with- out protection even in Manitoba. Fruit is red, medium size and good quality. 50 cts. per dozen, $3 per 100. Ohta. The wonderful Raspberry. This is one of Prof. Hansen’s pro- ductions. Ohta is a Sioux Indian name, meaning “much” or “many.” Fruit a beautiful red, fairly firm, of good quality. Large size, very pro- ductive and hardy without protec- tion. I was fortunate in getting the first plants offered for sale by the originator, and do not believe another nurseryman has them for sale. No. 1 plants, 20 cts., $2 per dozen. 25 for $3.50. Smaller plants sent prepaid at the price of No. 1 plants. Older. Black. Hardy medium early, and reliable bearer. Fruit large, juicy and of fine quality. One of the best for home use. Two-year plants, 50 cts. per dozen., $3 per 100. Tulips FRYER’S HARDY PLANTS AND SHRUBS 31 Herbert. New. A good red. 50 cts. per dozen. Yellow-caps. These are seedlings of my own raising. They are like the black Raspberry in shape of fruit and growth of canes, but the canes are lighter and the fruit is yellow. Two-year plants, 75 cts. per dozen. MISCELLANEOUS FRUITS. High Bush Cranberry. An ornamen- tal and hardy plant. The flowers are white and hang in showy clus- ters in the early summer, and are followed by scarlet berries that re- main on the bush until early winter. Very good for jellies, etc. 12 to 18 inches, 20 cts.; 18 to 24 inches, 25 cts.; 2 to 3 feet, 40 cts.; 3 to 4 feet, 60 cts.; 4 to 5 feet 75 cts. These are heavy plants. Giant Himalaya Berry. I have given this a fair trial and have found it utterly worthless. Beta Grape. This is absolutely hardy without protection. The fruit is black, of good quality and about the size of the Delaware. One-year, 20 cts.; two-year, 30 c.ts. Rhubarb. Linnaeus and Victoria. 10 cts., strong plants 20 cts. STRAWBERRIES. There is no further doubt about the Everbearing Strawberry being a success if they are given good culture. Progressive. This is one of the best. Large size and fine quality. Pro- ductive. $1 per dozen. Standard varieties such as Dunlap, Warfield, etc., 75 cts. per 100. Mr. A. M. Brand, of Faribault, Minn., who visited me in August, 1912, and then visited the leading nurseries of Minnesota, Iowa and Illinois, wrote me that he saw more Phlox in bloom here than he saw at all the other nurseries he visited. Reductions in Prices and Additions To My 1914 Catalog. GLADIOLI Arizona, Blood Spot, Cardinal Kins, Clarice, Baity. Mrs. F. Pendleton, and K’ Orange. 15c each, $1.50 per doz. Willie Wigman. 10c each, $1.00 per doz. Cracker Jack, Evaline and Jessie. 60c per doz. Pride of Goshen and Summer Beauty. 20c each. Cherry King and Ida Van. 10c each, $1.00 per doz. Mrs. W. E. Fryer. 15c each, $1.50 per doz., $10.00 per 100. America and Mrs. F. King. $2.50 per 100. Halley. A large salmon pink. One of the earliest. 60c per doz. Annie and Fred Wigman. 60c per doz. Baron Hulot. Peace, Principine, Princeps, The King, Jane Dieulafoy, Niagara, Gol- den King and Empress of India. 10c each, $1.00 per dozen. Europa. 20c each. Mantorville. A yellow ruffled gladiolus. 25c each. Glory. 75c per doz. Pres. Taft. 75c per doz. Kathryn Fryer. A very dark velvety ma- roon; the darkest that I have ever seen. $1.00 each. All Colors Mixed and a good mixture too. $2.30 per 100. Kunderd's Extra Fine Mixed.. $1.50 per doz. I will furnish bulbs of any variety 1 to 1 inches in diameter. No. 2, at 20 per cent less than the price of No. 1 bulbs. WORDS OF PRAISE FOR THE GLADIOLUS MRS. W. E. FRYER Bp, ping, N. S. W., Australia. Mr. W. E. Fryer, Mantorville, Minn., TT. S. A. Dear Sir: — Just a note as I promised to report on the gladiolus Mrs. W. E. Fryer. This now has bloomed with me and it is without doubt one of the finest I have seen. As it was the first parcel to arrive from America this season it got the pride of place in planting — right near the front gate, and people are attracted by the bright patch it makes in the garden. Yours faithfully, A. WHITE. Lower Hutt, New Zealand. Mr. Willis E. Fryer, Mantorville, Minn., U. S. A. Dear Sir: — Referring to yours of March 16th last, we have this to state, that we have flowered your gladiolus novelty, Mrs. W. E. Fryer, and are very much pleased with its pure, bright color, and would ask you to be so good as to send us fifty as early in the fall as possible. We are, yours faithfully, ORR BROTHERS. Los Angeles, Calif. Willis E. Fryer, Mantorville. Minn. Dear Mr. Fryer: — The bulbs of the gladiolus. Mrs. W. E. Fryer, about which you ask me. were a surprise to me when in bloom. I think it one of the finest varieties yet produced in the gladiolus line. Yours very truly, W. J. COLCLEUGH. SIBERIAN IRIS Grandis. 20c each, $2.00 per doz. Lady Godiva. 25c each. $2.50 per doz. Beardless Iris. Seedlings. $1.00 per doz. OHTA RASPBERRY Ohta Raspberry. This variety bore a good crop without winter protection in 1916. $1.00 per doz. $6.00 per 100. POLISH PRIVET Polish Privet. Leaves bluish green and lustrous, and retain their bright color until very late in the fall. Flower white in dense, slightly drooping panicles; fra- grant and as showy as the lilac. All other varieties of privet that I have tested win- ter-kill, and some varieties are dead af- ter passing through one of our severe winters. This variety I have given a se- vere test and not one plant in 100 died. It makes a beautiful hedge when sheared, or fine single specimens on the lawn. If this proves as good with my customers as it has with me I will progagate it so I can supply it for hedges. I have a few good two-year plants that I will furnish one to a customer for testing at 25 cents each. NEW PHI.OX of My Own Introduction Mrs. W. E. Fryer. An extra fine white phlox. Anna. A strong growing white, with red eye. Rev. N. E. Spicer. The ideal pink phlox. Many who saw it in bloom pronounced it one of the best pink phlox they have ever seen. Dr. Christopher Graham. A tall, slightly mottled pink. Dr. A. L. Baker. Magenta color. Very even height when in bloom. The above phlox are. 30c each for strong plants. EVERBEARING STRAWBERRY PLANTS. Progressive and Superb. $2.50 per 100. 1017. One of the best yet produced at the University Fruit-Breeding Farm at Zum- bra Heights, Minn. 75c per doz. CatTin’s. A new variety from New York. 50c per doz. For the best results keep all runners and blossoms picked off until the 10th of July, and they will bear in August, and until killed by frost. “THE MODERN GLADIOLUS GROWER.” A monthly magazine for both amateur and professional growers of the gladiolus. I heartily recommend it to my patrons. Published at Calcium. N. Y\, by Madison Cooper, at 75 cents a year. Include a year’s subscription with your order and I will be glad to forward it. If your order from this insert sheet or to my 1914 catalog amounts to $7.00 or over I will send it to you one year free if you desire it. January 1st, 1917 W* E. FRYER Mantorville, Minn. Fryer’s Hardy Plants WILLIS E. FRYER Mantorville, Minnesota