Historic, Archive Document
Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.
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INDEXED
SPECIAL
CATALOG
OF
fruit Crees
and Small
fruit plants
FRUIT GROWERS’ HANDBOOK
Breck- Robinson Nursery Co
LEXINGTON, MASS.
BOSTON OFFICE, 51-52 NORTH MARKET ST.
GENERAL INFORMATION
HHHE attention of our customers is respectfully called * to the following directions, which will, if followed, be an aid to purchasers as well as to ourselves V
Order Early. It will greatly facilitate shipments if orders are sent early. We aim to send off all orders the same or next day after receipt; but during the busy season this often becomes impossible. Again, toward the end of the season, some lines of stock become scarce or entirely exhausted; hence the advisability of ordering early.
The Planting Season. The planting season is not regulated by any particular month or day. We begin shipping as soon as the frost leaves the ground in the spring and continue until June. In the autumn, we begin moving evergreens in August, and deciduous trees and plants as soon as the leaves have performed their functions, about the middle of September, and continue until the ground becomes frozen, about December first.
Forwarding. Trees, Shrubs and Plants can be sent only by freight or express at purchaser’s expense. Our goods are now carried by express companies at a discount of 20 per cent, from the regular rates for merchandise. Small plants and seeds can be sent by mail, if desired. In the absence of explicit shipping directions, consignments will be made according to our best judgment. P
Packing. No charge is made for boxes or packing, nor for delivery to Freight Depot or Express Office here.
Remittances should be made by Post-Office Money Order, Drafts on Boston or New York Banks, or Express Money Orders. We disclaim all responsibility when remittances are not made as above directed. Postage stamps will be found a convenient method of remitting for small amounts and can be used by us to advantage. Coin should not be sent by mail.
Errors. We exercise the utmost care in filling orders, striving to do a little more than we offer; yet in the press of business errors sometimes occur, in which event we wish to be promptly notified of the fact, and will make such corrections as will be satisfactory. Please keep copies of all orders for comparison.
Correspondence. We try to give prompt attention to all proper letters of inquiry, etc. We ask as a favor, that all questions be stated clearly and briefly, and not on order sheets.
Non-Warranty. Most of the failures with Trees, Plants and Bulbs are due to causes entirely beyond our control, such as unfavorable weather and soil conditions, too deep or too shallow planting, etc., which renders it impossible for us to guarantee success. Although we take all possible care to supply only such stock as will, under proper conditions, produce satisfactory results, we give no warranty as to description, quality or productiveness of any of the Trees, Plants or Bulbs we send out, and will not be in any way responsible for the crop; every order for articles named in this Catalog will be executed on these conditions only. It must, however, be plain to every one who gives the matter the slightest thought, that it is to our best interests to send out only such stock as will not only grow, but prove true to name and description.
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SECTION OP NOMENCLATURE, INDEXED.
BRECK-ROBINSON NURSERY COMPANY
BOSTON, MASS. LEXINGTON, MASS.
51-52 North Market Street Monroe Station
NURSERIES AT LEXINGTON
The locating of our Nurseries and Experimental Grounds in the old, historic town of Lexington, was not by chance but by choice. We are within ten miles of Boston, on the B. & M. R. R., at Munroe Station (which is in the nursery), and have nearly forty trains to and from the city each day. Our grounds can also be reached by electric cars from Massachusetts Ave., which pass to and from Boston every few minutes.
The Munroe Stock Farms, acquired by us last season, has been kept in a high state of cultivation for more than fifty years, and its variety of fertile soils makes possible the growing of both Fruit and Ornamental Trees, Small Fruits, etc., to perfection.
THE BRECK ORGANIZATIONS
including Joseph B reck & Sons’ (Corporation) Seed Store and Agricultural Warehouse, (Established 1822) Breck’s Rea Estate Agency, Breck’s Horticultural and Agricultural Registry, Breck’s Bureau of Registry and Information, and the Breck-Robinson Nursery Co., are pre-eminently up-to-date, with a complete line for the equipment of the Gentlemen’s Estate, the Farm, the Orchard and the Garden. The service is fully in accord with the high standard of excellence and reputation for fair dealing that has distinguished the house of Joseph Breck & Sons During an Existance of Nearly One Hundred Years.
OUR FRUIT TREES AND SMALL PLANTS
We offer for sale, Nothing but Strictly Northern Grown Stock. The greater part of our fruit trees are grown right here in New England. Some in our own nurseries located in Hopewell and Seneca (near Geneva), N. Y. Our experience of twenty-five years in growing trees and planting orchards, has taught us that no trees are so hardy or do so well, as those grown in our rigorous Northern Climate. They are healthier, longer-lived, less liable to injury from extreme cold, and are more productive than when taken from the light soils of the South or extreme West.
We extend a hearty invitation to all who can, to visit our nurseries, see the extent of our plant and study our methods.
TREES AS THEY ARE RECEIVED FROM THE NURSERY.
HINTS ON TRANSPLANTING, ETC
The following points should never be overlooked:
1st, Preparation of the Soil — Prepare a rich, deep bed of mellow soil, and have the land sufficiently drained to relieve the roots from stand- ing water. To insure a fine growth, land should be in as good condition as is required for a crop of wheat, corn or potatoes.
2d, Pruning before Planting — Nearly all the Trees taken from the Nursery require pruning before transplanting, to balance the loss of roots occasioned by their removal. The tops should be shortened in by cutting off half the last season’s growth of all the branches, but large branches should not be cut off close to the trunk, as it injures the vitality of the tree.
All broken or bruised roots should be cut off smoothly up to the sound wood, so as to hasten the emission of new roots and fibers.
3d, Planting — Make the holes large enough to admit the roots without any cramping or bending, and deep enough to bring the tree to its natural depth. The fine surface soil should be used in covering the roots, and this should be carefully worked among them. If the ground is dry, it is well to pour in some water when the hole is partially filled. See that the ground is firmly and solidly packed over all parts of the roots by exerting the full weight of the planter upon it, so that there will be no opportunity for dry air or frost to enter and destroy roots deprived of the full benefit of their natural protection. Omission to pack the earth solidly is a most frequent cause of failure in planting nursery stock. Fill the holes full enough to be even with the surrounding surface after the fresh earth settles. Always remove the label when planting. If this is left until the tree is grown, the connect- ing wire often cuts into and destroys the tree or branch to which it is attached. Never use manure in contact with roots. When planting dwarf trees set them low enough to cover the stock upon which they are budded, but not lower. Large standard trees should be staked and tied, so that the wind will not loosen the roots. This should be so done that the bands will not chafe the trees.
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BRECK-ROBINSON NURSERY CO.
4th, Mulching.- — When trees or bushes are planted, they should be mulched or covered with a layer of coarse manure or litter from three to six inches deep for a space of say two feet more in diameter than the extent of the roots. This keeps the earth moist and of even temperature.
5th, After Culture. Grass should not be allowed to grow about young trees or plants. The ground should be cultivated for a space of at least one foot outside the roots. If the ground is, poor it should be enriched with surface applications of manure. Pruning should be varied according to the condition of the tree, and the purpose of the planter. It should be done regularly every spring, before the buds swell any. In this way the removal of large branches will be avoided.
DISTANCES FOR PLANTING
Standard Apples 30 feet apart each way
Standard Pears and Strong Growing Cherries. 20 “ “
Duke and Morello Cherries 18 “ “
Standard Plums, Apricots, Peaches, Nectarines. 16 “ “
Dwarf Pears 8 to 10 “ “
Quinces 10 to 12 “
Blackberries 6 to 7
Currants, Gooseberries and Raspberries .. 4 “
Strawberries to 2 “
NUMBER OF TREES OR PLANTS ON AN ACRE AT VARIOUS DISTANCES
PAIRS OF TREES SHOWING THEM AS RECEIVED FROM THE NURSERY AND AFTER BEING PRUNED FOR PLANTING. I KIEFFER PEAR; 2 PEACH;
3 DWARF DUCHESS, 4 QUINCE.
4 feet apart each way 2,729
5 “ “ “ “ 1,742
6 “ “ “ “ 1,200
8 “ “ “ “ 680
10 “ “ “ “ 430
12 “ “ “ “ 325
15 feet apart each way 200
18 “ “ “ “ 135
20 “ 110
25 “ 70
30 “ “ “ “ 50
SPRAYING
Spraying has come to be an established part of fruit-growing. With all that has been written upon the subject, the fruit-grower should be competent to perform the ordinary spraying of his trees without further advice: but to those
who may not be familiar with the methods and practice, we would say, procure a copy of Bulletin No. 101 by Prof. L. H. Bailey, from the Cornell University Experiment Station, in which will be found the most important points regarding sprays, arranged in such a manner that the grower can see at a glance what to apply, when and how to make the applica- tions.
HOME MADE LIME SULPHUR*
Lime. Use only fresh lump lime free from dust or from partly air slaked lumps. No air slaked lime should be used. The lime should test not less than 90 per cent, pure lime (calcium oxide) and should not contain more than 5 per cent, magnesium oxide.
Sulphur. Either flowers of sulphur or light or heavy sulphur flour may be used.
FORMULA AND DIRECTIONS:
Lump Lime (pure) M 36 pounds
Sulphur 80 pounds
Water 50 gallons
“Break the lime into rather small lumps. Place in kettle, or if live steam is used, in barrel or vat, and slake it with hot water. Make a smooth paste of the sulphur with water. Add this to the lime as slaking commences, and mix thoroughly. When the lime is all slaked, add the rest of the 50 gallons of water, and enough more as needed from time to time during the boiling to keep the quantity up to 50 gallons. When steam is used for cooking, extra water may not be needed. Use a measuring stick notched at the 50 gallon mark to show how much water needs to be added to keep the volume up to 50 gallons. Do not let it drop more than an inch below the 50 gallon mark at any time. Dash a little cold water into the kettle to stop the boiling for a moment while measuring. Keep well stirred to break up lump, and prevent caking on the sides of the kettle. Boil vigorously from 45 minutes to one hour, or till the sulphur is all dissolved. Use a kettle of sufficient capacity to prevent loss from boiling.
When through with the boiling bring the volume up to 50 gallons and strain it without trying to separate it from the finer sediment which passes through the sieve. The eoarse particles which do not go through the strainer are kept for later boilings.”
PREPARATION OF SELF-BOILED LIME SULPHUR
The 8-8-50 formula is recommended. This mixture can best be prepared in rather large quantities — say enough for 200 gallons at a time, making the formula 32 pounds of lime and 32 pounds of sulphur to be cooked with 8 or 10 gallons of water, and then diluted to 200 gallons.
“The lime should be placed in a barrel and enough water poured on to almost cover it. As soon as the lime begins to slake the sulphur should be added first, after running it through a sieve to break up the lumps. The mixture should be constantly stirred and more water added as needed to form a thick paste at first, and then gradually a thin paste.
*Parrott & Schoene, N. Y. State (Geneva)]Bul. 330.
LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS
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The lime will supply enough heat to boil the mixture several minutes. As soon as it is well slaked, water should be added to cool the mixture and prevent further cooking. It is then ready to be strained into the spray tank, diluted and applied.
“The stage at which cold water should be poured on to stop the cooking varies with different limes. Some limes are so sluggish in slaking that it is difficult to obtain enough heat from them to cook the mixture at all, while other limes become intensely hot on slaking and care must be taken not to allow the boiling to proceed too far. If the mixture is allowed to remain hot' fifteen or twenty minutes after the slaking is completed, the sulphur goes into solution, com- bining with the lime to form sulphides, which are injurious to peach foliage. It is very important, especially with hot lime, to cool the mixture quickly by adding a few buckets of water as soon as the lumps of lime have slaked down. The intense heat, violent boiling, and constant stirring result in a uniform mixture of finely divided sulphur and lime, with only a very small percentage of the sulphur in solution. This mixture should be strained to take out the coarse particles of lime, but the sulphur should be carefully worked through the strainer.”
Dilutions for Dormant and Summer Spraying with Lime-Sulphur
Reading of hydrometer
Degrees of Beaurnd
35
34
33
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
Amount of dilution
Number of gallons of water to one gallon of lime-sulphur solution
|
For |
For |
For summer |
|
San Jos6 |
blister |
spraying of |
|
scale |
mite |
apples |
|
9 |
12>4 |
45 |
|
'8)4 |
12 |
43)4 |
|
8)4 |
1144 |
41)4 |
|
8 |
11 |
40 |
|
7)4 |
10)4 |
37)4 |
|
7 X |
10 |
36)4 |
|
6)4 |
9)4 |
34)4 |
|
6)4 |
9 |
32)4 |
|
6 |
8)4 |
31 |
|
5)4 |
8 |
29)4 |
|
5)4 |
7)4 |
27)4 |
Reading of hydrometer
Degrees Beaume
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
Mixtures*
Amount of dilution Number of gallons of water to one
gallon of lime-sulphur solution
|
For |
For |
For summer |
|
San Jos6 |
blister- |
spraying of |
|
scale |
mite |
apples |
|
5 |
7 |
26 - |
|
4)4 |
6)4 |
24)4 |
|
4)4 |
6 |
22)4 |
|
3)4 |
5)4 |
21)4 |
|
3)4 |
5 |
19)4 |
|
3)4 |
4)4 |
18)4 |
|
3 |
4)4 |
17 |
|
2)4 |
4 |
16 |
|
2)4 |
3)4 |
15 |
|
2)4 |
3)4 |
14 |
|
2 |
3 |
12)4 |
ARSENATE OF LEAD
Arsenate of Lead 6 pounds
Water 100 gallons
It is better to purchase arsenate of lead than to attempt to make it. In mixing, preparatory to spraying, the amount of arsenate of lead for each spray tank full should be worked into a very thin paste having the appearance of milk of lime. It should never be thrown as a mass into the spray tank. This is a standard spray for codling moth and other eating insects. It is possible, however, that we shall use arsenite of zinc in the future.
KEROSENE EMULSION
Kerosene 2 gallons
Hard S®ap (whale-oil soap) )4 pound
Water 1 gallon
Dissolve soap in water by boiling; add hot suds to the kerosene. Do not do this near a fire. Agitate the mixture with a spray pump so as to emulsify the oil. After five minutes the mixture becomes creamy. To use, dilute the above stock solution at the rate of one gallon to ten gallons of water. This is a standard remedy for destroying green aphis, wooly aphis, mealy bugs and other plant lice. It may be used instead of the tobacco solutions if desired.
CORROSIVE SUBLIMATE
(Bichloride of Mercury)
This is the standard disinfectant when working with PEAR BLIGHT. No other disinfectant should be used to wash the cut surfaces or to disinfect the pruning tools.
Corrosive Sublimate 1 part
Water 1000 parts
Corrosive sublimate may be purchased in tablet form at drug stores and directions for making solutions will be found on the container. Never put corrosive sublimate into a metallic container, always use a glass bottle. Be sure to label the bottle “Poison” in large, plain letters. It is the deadliest of poisons.
WHITEWASHES!
1 . Government Whitewash
Lime (unslaked) 40 pounds Spanish Whiting )4 pound
Salt 15 pounds Glue 1 pound
Rice Flour (or ground rice) ... 3 pounds Water 5 gallons
Slake the lime in warm water and cover so as to keep in the steam; strain through a fine sieve or strainer; add the salt, well dissolved in warm water. Then add the rice boiled hot; the Spanish whiting; and finally the glue which has been previously dissolved over a slow fire. Lastly, add the five gallons of hot water. Stir well and let stand for a few days. Apply hot with a brush. One pint of the mixture will cover a square yard. Coloring matter may be put in, such as Spanish brown, yellow ochre, etc.
HOW TO SPRAY
Drench every part of the tree. Spray thoroughly. The most difficult places to reach should receive your most careful attention. Reach every crack, calyx cup, behind buds and in bud scales. Do not economize on spray material and sacrifice efficiency. Use a high pressure pump. 200 pounds pressure should be maintained. Spraying out of season is valueless. Determine what you must spray for. Use the right kind of material.
*Parrott & Schoene, N. Y. State (Geneva) Bui. 330. f!912 Spraying Calendar, Medford, Oregon.
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SPRAY CALENDAR
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WHAT TO SPRAY FOR |
SPRAY TO USE |
REMARKS |
|
San Jose Scale Scurfy Scale Bud Moth Eggs of Apple Aphis Eggs of Red Spider Green Peach Aphis Oyster Shell Scale Peach Leaf Curl Pear Leaf Blister Mite |
Hine Sulfur Winter strength |
Apply while buds are swelling to Apples, Pears, Peaches, Plums and Cherries and small fruits, using the winter strength lime sulphur drenching all parts of the tree. Test both the commercial and homemade lime sulfur with hy- drometer before using to secure the correct strength. The tree must ae completely covered with winter strength lime-sulfur when spraying :or scale insects. Coat every portion from ground to tip of twigs. |
|
Strawberry Leaf Blight |
Lime Sulfur Summer strength |
Apply when new leaves start Repeat every 10-15 days until flowers appear. Burn leaves as soon as crop is harvested. |
|
Thrips |
Nicotine Extract (2.7 per ct.) 6 qts. Water 100 gals Soap 2 to s lbs |
The period for effective spraying against the adult thrips, is during the time when the buds are swollen and partly open, and until they are entirely open at the tips. Spray for the larvae after the petals drop to reduce the numbers of insects for the following year. |
|
Apple Scab Black Rot of Apple Brown Rot of Prune Bud Moth Caterpillars Codling Moth |
Lime Sulpher Summer strength and Arsenate of Lead 3 lbs. to 50 gallons |
First application. Just before blossoms open, for apple scab and various leaf-eating insects, use lime-sulphur solution (320 Beaume) diluted with forty parts of water, with two to three pounds arsenate of lead to forty gallons. May be omitted if insects are few and weather is dry. Second application. When blossoms are about two-thirds off, give same treatment as (2). This is the most important spraying for apple scab and codling moth. Should never be omitted. Third application. About two weeks later repeat (2) if weather is favorable for apple scab; that is, moist and warm. Fourth application. About first week in August repeat (2) to prevent late infections of apple scab and to control second brood of codling moth. PEARS Spray as for apples. As foliage appears to be more susceptible to injuries by the spraying mixture, dilute the concentrated lime-sulphur solution (3 20 B.) in the proportions of 1 to 50 and apply the liquid in minimum quantities, using nozzles with fine apertures. For life history of codling moth write to Experiment Station, Geneva. |
|
Canker (N. Y. Apple) Mildew, apple Scab, apple and pear |
Lime Sulfur Summer strength |
See Arsenate of Lead for combination spray. |
|
Grape Rot and Anthracnose |
Lime Sulfur Summer strength |
Apply when leaves are half grown; Just before blossoming; When fruit has set. Repeat once or twice at intervals of two weeks. If latter applica- tions are necessary use ammonical copper carbonate solution. |
|
Plum Curculio |
Arsenate of Lead |
PLUMS First application. When “husks” or calyces drop, spray with arsenate of lead, 3 lbs. to 50 gals, of water for the curculio. For leaf spot on European varieties use bordeaux mixture 5-5-50 with arsenate of lead. Second application. For leaf spot repeat spraying with bordeaux mixture about ten days later. Japanese varieties of plums should be sprayed as directed for peaches. CHERRIES Spray as for plums for San Jose scale and the curculio. PEACHES First application. When “husks” or calyces are dropping use two pounds of arsenate of lead to fifty gallons of water for the curculio. The self-boiled lime-sulphur mixture may be used as carrier of the poison to control also brown rot and scab. Second application. Two or three weeks later use 88-8-50 self- boiled lime-sulphur mixture and two pounds of arsenate of lead. Third application. About one month before fruit ripens repeat treatment with self boiled mixture, omitting the poison. |
|
Aphis on fruit trees on garden crops Leaf Hopper Oyster Shell Bark Louse Red Spider Woolly Aphis on Branches |
Kerosene Emulsion or Tobacco Black Leaf |
These are contact insecticides and should be applied to exposed and tender bodies of young. These are all sucking insects and food poisons are of little value. Be sure to penetrate covering of woolly aphis; be thorough, do not allow any to escape. |
|
Peach Brown Rot Peach Scab |
Lime Sulfur Selfboiled 8-8-50 |
Spray four weeks after blossoms have fallen, again in three weeks and about one month before fruit ripens. |
|
Raspberry Cane Blight |
Resin-Bordeaux |
Apply just after leaves have fallen. Spraying in spring before buds open may be substituted for this for combating insects and fungus pests. However, it may be desirable to apply in fall on account of rabbits. |
|
Apple Cankers Aphis Eggs Pear Leaf Blister Mite Red Spider Eggs Tent Caterpillar Eggs Woolly Aphis |
Lime Sulfur Winter strength |
|
|
Grape Mildew |
Flowers of Sulfur |
For mildew on grape use finely pulverized sulfur. Dust the ground and vines freely during a warm, bright morning when the slightest attack of mildew is suspicioned. This should not be applied while the weather is damp or the vines wet. |
|
Tussock Moth |
Band trees |
Band trees with tanglefoot or strips of raw cotton, binding it in the middle, leaving band loose above or below. Do not apply sticky preparations directly on bark of trees. Use bands during June, July and August. Remove egg clusters which appear in masses as a white froth. |
|
Crown Gall Fire Blight Raspberry Cane Blight Strawberry Crown and Root Borers Leaf Rollers |
Destroy infected parts See notes |
Crown Gall is a bacterial disease of root or crown of trees. All infected trees should be destroyed. Keep a constant lookout for this trouble. Fire Blight bacteria may extend below discolored or blackened region, hence cut should be made about one foot below. Disinfect knife and wound with mercuric bichloride one part to 1000 parts of water. Strawberry plants should be dug up and burned before May 1 to destroy insects before beetles escape to lay eggs. For strawberry leaf roller burn top as soon as crop is gathered. |
Fruit Department
APPLES
The first fruit, both in importance and general culture, is the Apple. In most sections of country, there is no farm crop which will produce one-fourth as much income per acre as will a good apple orchard.
Our collection of apples comprises all the best and most popular kinds in cultivation.
The standard trees are intended for orchards. These are from 5 to 7 feet in height, with proportional thickness, and from 2 to 3 years’ growth from the bud.
If apple trees are planted at the rate of fifty trees to the acre, rows of peach, cherry, or plum trees can be planted between the apples, which growing more quickly than the apple trees, soon protect them from winds and thus prove a great benefit to them.
After 8 or 10 years of productiveness, as the space is needed for the Apples, the Peach Trees may be removed, leaving the orchard better for the protection, at the same time having yielded the planter a larger return for his outlay and labor.
Apple trees will thrive on nearly all well-drained soils.
Red Astrachan. Large, round, nearly covered with deep crimson; very beautiful; flesh white, crisp, acid and good. Tree erect and productive. August.
Sweet Bough (Large Yellow Bough). Large, oblong, skin smooth, pale yellow; very tender, crisp; sweet and fine. Moderate grower, bears abundantly. August to September.
Tetofsky. A Russian apple. Very profitable for mar- ket growing ; bears early. Hardy, fruit yellow, beautifully striped with red; juicy, aromatic. An annual bearer. August.
William’s Favorite. Medium size, round; flesh yellow- ish white; flavor very mild and agreeable; bears abun- dantly. August and September.
Yellow Transparent. A very early apple. Two year old trees produce fruit. Ironclad in hardiness, and a good grower. Skin a beautiful pale yellow; fruit of good size. Ripens early in August.
Select Autumn Apples
Autumn Strawberry. Medium size, round, oval, flesh white, striped and splashed with red; tender, juicy and pleasant; bears young and abundantly. October.
Alexander. Origin Russian, a large and beautiful apple. Tree vigorous and productive. Fruit greenish yellow, faintly streaked with red on the shady side, bright red in the sun; flesh tender and juicy with a pleasant flavor. October.
Chenango Strawberry (Sherwood’s Favorite). Large, roundish, bright red and yellow, very beautiful and a pleasant apple. A good and early bearer. September and October.
Duchess of Oldenburg — A beautiful Russian Apple, skin yellow, streaked with red, with a faint blue bloom;
Select Summer Apples
Caroline Red June. Medium, deep red, good, pro- ductive, hardy. August.
Early Harvest (Yellow Harvest). Medium, round, yellow, handsome, tender, juicy and very fine. Moder- ately vigorous, erect grower, productive. August.
Early Strawberry. Medium size, round, striped and covered with deep red, tender, juicy, mild, sub-acid flavor. T ree a moderate, erect grower. August.
Golden Sweet. Large, round, pale yellow, fair, sweet and fine. Tree a robust, spreading grower. Productive for orchard culture. August and September.
Yellow Transparent
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BRECK-ROBIN SON NURSERY CO.
Gravenstein
flesh juicy and good. Tree a vigorous grower, and a young and abundant bearer. Succeeds well in the Northwest. September.
Fall Pippin — Very large, roundish, oblong, yellow; flesh tender and delicious. Tree a free grower and a fine bearer ; one of the most valuable varieties for table or market. Grown in western New York as Holland Pippin. October to December.
Gravenstein. Large, roundish, yellow and red striped, handsome; tender, juicy, high flavored and excellent. One of the best Autumn Apples. Tree a vigorous, erect grower, and productive. September and October.
Gladstone (New). A very handsome apple resembling the Duchess of Oldenburg; the fruit is larger and of better quality and the tree a stronger grower; very hardy. Fruit large size, skin smooth, and streaked with red on a yellow ground; flesh is juicy, sprightly sub-acid, good. Septem- ber.
Maiden’s Blush. Medium size, flat, quite smooth and fair, pale yellow with a beautiful red cheek; tender, sub- acid; tree vigorous and productive. September and October.
Munson’s Sweet. Medium to large; pale yellow with a red cheek; tender, juicy and good. Tree a vigorous grower and a good bearer. October and November.
Pound Sweet (Lyman’s Pumpkin Sweet). Very'large, round, greenish; sweet, rich and tender; excellent for baking; tree very vigorous and pro- ductive. October and November.
Porter. Medium to large, oblong, yellow, fair, handsome; juicy, sprightly, rich and excellent; one of the best; tree moderately vigorous, productive.
September.
Red Beitigheimer. A valuable German variety. Fruit very large, roundish, inclining to conical; skin creamcolored ground, mostly covered with reddish purple; flesh white, firm, sub-acid, with a brisk, pleasant flavor.
Ripens early fall.
St. Lawrence. Large, round, some- what flattened; yellowish streaked with red; very handsome, juicy, pleas- ant and good. Tree vigorous, upright grower; fair bearer. October.
Twenty Ounce (Cayuga Streak).
Very large, round, greenish yellow, striped and marked with red; rather coarse grained, good but not high flavored; one of the finest cooking apples. October to Decem- ber.
Select Winter Apples
Arkansas Black — Originated in Arkansas. Tree is very hardy and thrifty. An early and uniform bearer. The fruit is large, round and smooth. Very black and dotted with whitish specks. Flesh yellow, very juicy and of a delicious flavor. It is remarkable as a keeper. New.
Bailey Sweet. Large, conical, deep red; tender, rich, honeyed sweet flavor. Tree a good upright grower, pro- ductive. N ovember to J anuary .
Baldwin. Large, round, deep bright red; juicy, crisp, sub-acid, very good flavor. Tree very vigorous, upright and very productive of fair, handsome fruit; one of the best and most popular market apples. December to March.
Baxter. Fruit large; flesh yellowish, stained with red. Skin red with yellow ground. Russet dots. Season, November to January.
Bellefleur, Yellow. Large, yellow, with blush cheek; very tender, juicy, sub-acid. In use all winter. Very valuable. A moderate grower and good bearer.
Ben Davis (New York Pippin). Large, round, splashed with bright red on yellowish ground; tender, juicy, mild, sub-acid and pleasant flavor. Tree very hardy, vigorous grower, constant and abundant bearer. Highly esteemed in the West and Southwest. Late keeper.
Bismarck. Is making a wonderful record for hardiness and special earliness of fruiting. Two-year trees seldom fail to produce fruit; it is a valuable introduction succeed- ing wherever apples will grow, and entirely new in its remarkable quality of producing crops on young trees. Tree is of stocky, short growth. Fruit golden yellow splashed with red; flesh tender, pleasant, sub-acid. Will keep into March.
Boiken. When fully ripe resembles Maiden’s Blush in color; rosy red and bright yellow; tree vigorous and very productive; foliage healthy. Keeps well into spring.
English Russet. Medium size, ovate or conical, yellow russet; crisp, sub-acid. A strong upright grower, and a regular and great bearer. Keeps till June.
Fallawater (Tulpahocken). Large, globular, yellowish green, dull red cheeks, juicy, crisp, pleasant, peculiar sub- acid flavor. Tree a strong grower, very productive. November to March.
Fameuse (Snow Apple). Medium size, round, very handsome, deep crimson; flesh snowy white, tender, juicy,
McIntosh Red
LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS
7
high flavored and delicious. Tree vigorous, productive and very hardy. November to February.
Gano. Originated in Missouri. Similar but superior to Ben Davis. It has all the good qualities in a higher degree, more brilliant coloring, runs more even in size and keeps fully as late. The tree is vigorous and hardy; is a rapid grower; bears while young, color bright red without stripes or blotches and large and even in size. February to March.
Gideon. Tree hardy, vigorous, and an early, prolific bearer. Fruit medium to large; color golden-yellow with a handsome blush on the sunny side; flesh fine, juicy, sub- acid; in form and general appearance resembles somewhat the Yellow Bellflower. November to January.
Golden Russet. Medium size, dull russet, with a tinge of red on sunny side; flesh greenish, crisp, juicy. Tree a good grower, with light colored speckled shoots, by which it is easily known; bears well. November to April.
Grimes’ Golden. Medium to large, cylindrical, flesh yellow and firm, very fine grained with a rich, refreshing flavor; of the best quality, and one of the most valuable. Tree vigorous, productive and bears early. January to April.
Hendrick Sweet (Sweet Winesap). Fruit medium, round oblate; color red, splashed with deep crimson; flesh tender, juicy, very sweet and rich. None better as a market variety. November to May.
Hubbardston Nonesuch. Large, round, beautiful, yel- low and red; tender, juicy, aromatic, rich and delicious. Tree a strong grower and productive. November to January.
Jonathan. Medium size, pale yellow, striped with red; flesh white, tender and juicy, of the Spitzenburg class; the tree is an abundant bearer. November to March.
King of Tompkins County. Very large, round, oblate, yellow striped and clouded; an abundant annual bearer. December to April.
Lady’s Sweet. Large, round, green and red striped, with a thin white bloom; very rich, sweet, and agreeably perfumed; one of the best sweet winter apples. Shoots rather slender but erect; very productive. December to April.
Lawver. Tree vigorous, spreading; an early annual bearer. A beautiful fruit and a long keeper. Color dark red covered with small dots; flesh white, firm, crisp, sprightly, aromatic, mild, sub-acid. January to May.
Longfield. A new Russian variety and one of the best. Tree a strong grower and an early, abundant and annual bearer. Flesh white, fine, tender and juicy, with a rich, sprightly, sub-acid flavor. Season December to April. Valuable for cold climates.
Magog Red Streak. Tree very hardy and vigorous; bears every year. Fruit medium, round, inclining to oblong; skin yellow and faintly splashed with light red;
Northwestern Greening
flesh yellow, a little coarse, juicy, mild sub-acid. Decem- ber to March.
Mammoth Black Twig (Paragon). Excels Winesap in nearly every important point; a better grower, hardier, and the fruit much larger; color even a darker red; flesh firmer, flavor milder but fully equal. Remarkably heavy bearer and a long keeper.
Mann. Fruit in form somewhat like Rhode Island Greening but larger and covered with a slight mottle, and dull blush on one side; keeps firm till late in the spring after the Greening is gone. Tree upright and hardy, comes into bearing young. January to April.
McIntosh Red. Originated in Vermont. Tree very hardy and vigorous; a good bearer of fair, handsome fruit of excellent quality; above medium size, skin whitish yellow nearly covered with dark, rich crimson ; flesh white, tender, juicy, sub-acid. November to February. Valu- able in Montana and Dakota.
Milding. Fruit large; skin smooth, whitish yellow, splashed with red nearly over the whole surface; flesh brittle, juicy sub-acid; tree a strong, vigorous grower. One of the hardiest in cultivation, and productive. Decem- ber to February.
Missouri Pippin. Large, rich red, with darker red stripes; very handsome and of fair quality. Good grower; early and immense bearer.
Monmouth Pippin (Red Cheek Pippin). Large, greenish yellow, with a fine red cheek; juicy, tender and good. Keeps till March or April.
Newtown Pippin. Medium to large, round, yellow, very firm, crisp, juicy, with an agreeable flavor. This most celebrated of all American apples is a slow, feeble grower with rough bark; requires high culture. November to June.
Nodhead (Jewett’s Fine Red). Medium size; greenish white, striped and splashed with crim- son, having a dull, -greyish bloom; flesh tender, juicy, almost sweet. Popular in Northern New England.
Northern Spy. Large, round, striped with red, with a pale bloom; remarkably tender, juicy, high flavored and delicious; one of the best long-keeping apples, retaining its freshness until late in spring. January to April.
Northwestern Greening. Originated in Northern Wisconsin, where it is sought for on account of its extreme hardiness. Large, nearly round, regular, smooth, often green, but yellow when fully ripe; flesh yellow, rather coarse; juicy, sub-acid, quality good. Season January to May. Trees are said to have Withstood 50 below zero.
Ontario. Originated in Canada. Tree moderately vigorous and very hardy; fruit large, roundish, somewhat ribbed, striped on the Sunny side with beautiful red; quality fine, crisp and juicy, and a good keeper. An annual and abundant bearer. December to April.
Opalescent
A photograph reflected on its polished surface
8
BRECK-ROBINSON NURSERY CO.
Opalescent. The handsomest apple on the market. An annual bearer of beautiful high quality fruit. Size large; color light, shading to very dark crimson and susceptible to a very high polish; hence, its name. Decem- ber to March.
Peck’s Pleasant. Large, round, smooth, pale yellow, with a bright blush; juicy, crisp, rich, and high flavored. Tree erect, vigorous and productive. December to March.
Peter. Originated in Minnesota from seed of the Wealthy, which it resembles in size and color. In quality it is better, season four to six weeks later. Has endured 45 degrees below zero, without injury, and borne fine crops, where other hardy varieties failed. A strong upright grower, and promises to be the apple for the great Northwest.
Pewaukee. A seedling from Duchess of Oldenburg Fruit medium to large, round; skin bright yellow, striped and splashed with dark red, and overspread with white dots; flesh white, tender, juicy, sub-acid; very hardy. January to May.
Rambo. Medium, flat, streaked red and yellow; very tender, juicy, and fine flavored. Tree an upright grower, hardy and productive. October to December.
Red Canada (Steele’s Red). Medium, oblate, red; tender, crisp, rich, delicious. Tree thrifty but a slender grower; productive. January to May.
Rhode Island Greening. Large, round, green or green- ish yellow; tender, rich, high flavored and excellent; one of the most widely disseminated and popular apples. Tree vigorous and spreading, a great and constant bearer. The leader among market apples in New York State. Novem- ber to March.
Ribston Pippin. The best English apple. Fruit medium, round, greenish yellow, mixed with a little russet near the stalk end, clouded with dull red on the sunny side; flesh deep yellow, firm with rich aromatic flavor. Novem- ber to April.
Rolfe. Originated in Maine. Fruit large of magnificent appearance; color dark red. An abundant and annual bearer. Quality prime, both for eating and cooking. November to January.
Rome Beauty. Large, round, yellow and light red; handsome, juicy, crisp, sub-acid; tree a moderate grower, good bearer; popular in the Southwest. December to February.
Roxbury Russet. Medium to large; yellow russet; crisp, good, sub-acid flavor. Tree vigorous and produc- tive. Very popular on account of its long keeping. June.
Scott’s Winter. Originated in Vermont. Tree hardy, an early and abundant bearer. Fruit medium, round, light red in blotches and streaks; flesh yellowish white, reddened near the skin, rather acid and good in quality; late keeper. January to May.
Seek-No-Further (Westfield). Medium to large, round, striped with dull, red russet dots; fine grained, tender, rich and excellent. Tree a good grower, and a fair bearer, fruit
fair and fine. November to February.
Smith’s Cider. Medium to large, oval, yellow and light red; tender, juicy, crisp and acid. Tree vigorous and very productive. Valuable in the South and West. December to March.
Smokehouse. Origin, Lancaster Co., Pa. Fruit medium size; yellow, splashed with crimson, and sprinkled with large, gray and brown dots. Flesh yellowish, firm, juicy, Isub-acid. Valued for cooking. December to February.
Spitzenburg (Esopus;). Large, i round, brilliant red, with gray dots; firm, rich, crisp, juicy, spicy and deli- cious. Tree rather a slow grower, but with high culture forms a large and spreading tree; a good bearer and a popular fruit. December to April.
Stark’ (Pride of Maine). An early and abundant bearer. Fruit large and valued for its long keeping; skin greenish yellow, shaded, and striped with red, and thinly covered with light brown dots; flesh yellow, moderately juicy, mild. January to May.
Stayman’s Winesap. It is now attracting attention everywhere as a profitable market variety. It has large size, bright red color, great productiveness and best quality to commend it. The tree is a vigorous grower and like its parents, is irregular and drooping in habit, and adapts itself readily to different soils and situations. Season November to April.
Sutton Beauty. Fruit medium to large, round, hand- some, skin waxen yellow, striped with crimson; flesh white, tender, juicy, sub-acid; quality very good; keeps well. Tree a free grower and productive. A good market apple. November to April.
Talman Sweet. Medium size, nearly round, whitish yellow; firm, rich, very sweet, excellent for baking, a valuable and popular variety. Tree vigorous, upright and very productive. November to April.
Wagener. Medium, flattened, light yellow, nearly covered with bright red; handsome, firm, crisp; juicy, sub-acid, excellent flavor. Tree a fair grower, an eariy and abundant bearer. December to March.
Walker’s Beauty (New). Originated in Allegheny County, Pa. Tree a strong, upright grower; one of the best in the nursery. Fruit very large; color crimson on yellow ground; flesh firm, sub-acid. Season January to June.
Alexander
LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS
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Fameuse.
Winter Banana. Fruit large; clear, pale yellow, with pinkish blush; attractive in appearance; of good desert quality. November to April.
Wolf River. Very large; beautiful red in the sun, on a yellow ground ; strong grower and a good bearer. Original tree in Wisconsin is 40 years old, very healthy and ex- tremely hardy. December to March.
Walbridge. Medium size, oblate, regular; skin pale yellow shaded with red; flesh crisp, tender, juicy. Es- teemed especially in cool climates for its hardiness and
productiveness; a late keeper; tree very vigorous. January to May.
Wealthy. Originated near St. Paul, Minn. Fruit medium round; smooth, mostly covered with dark red; flesh white, fine, juicy, sub-acid, very good. Tree a free grower and very produc- tive; valuable on account of its hardiness and good quality; December to February.
Winesap. Large, round, deep red; medium quality; keeps well. Tree a moderate grower and good bearer; succeeds well in the West, and is valu- able and popular. December to May.
York Imperial. Origin, York Co., Pa. Fruit medium size; white shaded with crimson in the sun; firm, crisp, juicy, pleasant, mild, sub-acid. T ree moderately vigorous and productive ; a popular Pennsylvania variety. November to February.
Other Apples grown and recommended by us:
Benoni (Summer).
Bottle Greening (Winter).
Fall Jennetting.
Fall Orange (Summer). '
Gilliflower (Winter).
Hurlbut (Winter).
Haas (Fall).
Jersey Sweet (Fall).
Keswick Codlin (Summer).
North Star.
Minkler (Winter).
Palmer Greening (Winter).
Peerless.
Rawle’s Janet (Winter).
Sops of Wine (Summer).
Belle de Boskoop (Winter).
Lady (Winter).
Salome (Winter).
Walter Pease (Winter).
CRAB APPLES
For Ornament or Preserving
There are several points to which we wish to direct attention and upon which we base our recommendation of these
They can be planted in any kind of soil, and in the most exposed situations; are not injured by the coldest
They come into bearing very early, usually the second year from planting, and bear every year.
They are unequalled for cider, or vinegar and for jelly.
They can be dried, cooked, canned, or preserved with the skin on, thus saving a great deal of trouble.
5. The size of the fruit varies from one and one-half to two and one-half inches in diameter, being large enough to
hardy fruits.
1.
weather.
2.
3.
4.
5.
quarter and core for drying.
Gen. Grant. Of large size for a crab. Round, oblate, cream yellow ground, broken stripes becoming dark red on the sun exposed side; slender stem; flesh white, very mild, sub-acid. October.
Excelsior. Raised from seed of the Wealthy, which is known as one of the handsomest, hardiest and best flavored of our new fruits. Ripens in early fall, about the size of Fameuse. Being an early crab apple, it fills a most important place.
Hyslop. Large size, dark crimson, with bloom; very showy and most beautiful of all the class. Tree very hardy. Popular and desirable. Late.
Martha. A new crab raised from the seed of the Duchess of Oldenburg. “A rapid stiff grower;” a great
bearer of beautiful fruit; glossy yellow shaded with light, bright red. Fruit mild and tart. Season October and November.
Transcendent. Of the largest size of this class of apples, red, showy, excellent and very handsome; one of the most desirable. September to October.
Van Wyck Sweet. Large, yellow, shaded with light red, sweet and tender. October to November.
Whitney. Large, averaging one and one-half to two inches in diameter; smooth, glossy green splashed with carmine; flesh firm, juicy and rich; a great bearer and very hardy. Tree a fine grower, with dark green, glossy foliage.
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BRECK-ROBIN SON NURSERY CO
PEARS
Our Soil is especially well adapted for producing the finest and hardiest pear trees, those containing the most life, body and strength, and it has been for many years an admitted fact that our pear trees cannot be excelled.
Standard Trees on pear stock are preferable for the orchard. These are best from four to six feet high.
Dwarfs are budded on the Angers Quince (marked Q on the list), and are best for the garden; they should be two or three years old, and from three to five feet high, having been well cut back in the nursery rows when one year old, to produce long side branches. They should be planted in rich, well tilled soil, and kept under good cultivation. The general rule is to remove every spring, after hard freezing is over, and before the sap starts, one-half or two-thirds of the previous summer’s growth.
These dwarf trees must always be planted sufficiently deep to cover the junction of the pear and quince, 2 to 3 inches.
Gathering Pears — Most varieties of pears are greatly inferior in flavor when allowed to ripen on the tree. Gather when, on gently lifting the fruit, the stem will readily separate from the limb ; this will be from one Bartlett Pear to two weeks before they are ripe. Ripen in the house, placing the fruit
in a dark room until fully matured. Winter pears should hang on the tree until there is danger of frost — say from first to tenth of October.
Thin the Fruit — We cannot urge too strongly the following suggestion: When pear trees are heavily laden the
fruit should be thinned when about one-third grown, else the fruit will be poor and the trees injured.
The pear succeeds in most soils, but does best on a rather heavy clay or loam.
Select Summer Pears
Bartlett. Large, yellow, pyriform; melting buttery, rich and musky flavor; tree bears young; a good erect grower, very productive; one of the most popular pears. September. Q.
Clapp’s Favorite. A large, fine pear resembling the Bartlett, but without its musky flavor; pale lemon yellow, with brown dots; fine texture, melting buttery, juicy, with a rich, sweet, delicate, vinous flavor. Tree hardy and very productive. August and September. Q.
Koonce. Medium to large, pyriform, very handsome; yellow, one side covered with bright carmine, sprinkled with brown dots; flesh juicy. Sweet, spicy, good. Ripens with the earliest. Tree a remarkably strong grower, hardy and very productive. August.
Manning’s Elizabeth. Small to medium, bears in clus- ters; crimson and gold color, very beautiful; melting, rich, sugary, sprightly perfumed flavor, excellent. Tree a moderate grower and very productive. One of the very best early pears. August. Q.
Wilder. One of the earliest. Fruit small to medium, bell-shaped, smooth, pale yellow ground with deep shading of brownish carmine; flesh whitish; yellow, fine grained, tender; flavor sub-acid, sprightly; quality very good, pro- ductive; probably the best early market sort. First of August. Q.
- Select Autumn Pears
Beurre Clairgeau. Large, skin yellow, inclined to fawn, shaded with orange and crimson, covered with russet dots; flesh yellow, juicy, somewhat granular, with a sugary, perfumed, vinous flavor. The size, early bearing, pro- ductiveness and exceeding beauty, renders this a valuable sort. Best as standard.
Flemish Beauty. Large, pale yellow, brownish cheek; melting and delicious. Tree vigorous. Bears young and abundantly. One of the most hardy. September to October. Q.
Garber. One of the Japan Hybrids; earlier and larger than Kieffer; hardy, productive, early bearer. September and October.
Howell. Large, light yellow, with a fine red cheek; rich, sweet, aromatic flavor. Tree an upright, free grower. An early and profuse bearer. Very hardy and valuable for the west. September and October. Q.
Idaho. A native of Idaho. Fruit is bright golden yellow, with red cheek, covered with spots. The shape is more that of an oblong apple than a pear. Flesh melting,
juicy, with a sprightly vinous, delicious flavor. Quality good. Q.
Kieffer’s Hybrid. Large, rich golden, slightly coarse, juicy, with a pronounced quince flavor. Its freedom from blight, early bearing, wonderful productiveness, exceedingly vigorous growth, and handsome appearance all indicate that it has come to stay. Properly picked and cared for it is a good pear to eat out of hand and for canning purposes has no superior. October to November.
Lawrence Pears
LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS
Louise Bonne de Jersey. Large, smooth, greenish yel- low with a red cheek; melting and rich. Tree upright, productive; desirable on the quince. October. Q.
Sheldon. Large, round, russet with a red cheek; melting, juicy, rich, sugary, perfumed and delicious. One of the finest pears. Tree handsome, hardy, vigorous and productive. October and November. (Not grown on quince.)
Seckel. Medium to small, yellowish brown, with a red cheek, melting, sweet, spicy, very rich and delicious. The standard of excellence. Tree a slow but stout, erect grower, hardy and productive. October. Q.
Vermont Beauty. A beautiful new seedling pear; fruit of medium size, round, skin yellow, nearly covered with carmine; flesh melting, sprightly, very good. Tree hardy, healthy and very productive. October.
Worden Seckel. A seedling of Seckel. Fruit medium size, borne in clusters; juicy, buttery, fine-grained, with a flavor and aroma fully equal to that of its parent, which it surpasses in size, beauty and keeping qualities. Ripens in October, but will keep in good condition till December.
Select Winter Pears
Beurre Bose. Large, long, cinnamon russet, handsome; half-melting, juicy, rich, slightly perfumed and delicious.
Tree moderately vigorous, a good and regular bearer; fruit perfect and of the highest flavor. Very desirable and valuable. October.
Beurre d’Anjou. Large, obovate, pyriform, greenish russet, sometimes shaded with crimson; melting; juicy, vinous, perfumed, rich and delicious. Tree very vigorous, hardy and productive. Succeeds well on the quince. The best for late fall and early winter, both for home use or market. Commences to ripen in October, keeping with care until February. Its quality is the best. Q.
Duchesse d’Angouleme. Very large, greenish yellow, russet spots, juicy, rich, sweet and fine. Tree vigorous and bears well. It attains its highest perfection on the Quince. October and November. Q.
Lawrence. Medium size; fine golden yellow; melting, sugary and aromatic. An American pear of great excel- lence. Tree a moderate grower, handsome, hardy, and good bearer. The most valuable of the early winter pears. December. Q.
Lincoln Coreless. Practically coreless. It will keep for several months. Fruit large, quality very good, rich and juicy. When ripe, the skin is of a rich golden tint, and the flesh is yellow. Tree a strong grower, hardy as Bartlett.
Winter Nellis. Early winter, medium size, dull russet, good flavor, heavy crops.
DWARF PEARS
The following varieties are particularly recommended for cultivation on the quince. All are vigorous and handsome growers, hardy and productive. Bartlett, Beurre d’Anjou, Clapp’s Favorite, Duchess d’Angouleme, Howell, Louise Bonne de Jersey, Lawrence Manning’s Elizabeth, Seckel, Wilder’s Early, Worden Seckel, Flemish Beauty.
CHERRIES
Being the earliest fruit in market, the cherry holds a strong place in public favor and for this reason commands a good price in all markets.
Farmers are planting cherry trees extensively on the road sides and on lawns for shade and fruit, thus combining usefulness and profit, and for these two purposes the stronger growing varieties are to be preferred, especially the black sorts.
The cherry tree universally requires a dry soil, and is naturally a hardy tree, succeeding in the lightest soil, or dryest situations. Cherries are divided into two classes. Hearts and Bigarreau, varieties of rapid growth, with large glossy leaves, forming fine pyramid shaped heads, and producing large crops of luscious sweet fruit. Dukes and Morellos, which are all of slender growth and do not attain so large a size, generally produce acid fruit, are also hardier and better .adapted for raising fruit for market. Many trees produce from five to six bushels per tree.
Heart and Bigarreau Cherries
Black Heart. Hardy, strong, large grower. Fruit ■above medium size; skin glossy dark purple, becoming deep black, when fully ripe. Ripens last of June.
Black Eagle. Large, black; tender, rich clli d high ^flavored. Tree a rapid, stout grower, forms a dense head; moderate bearer. Beginning of July.
Black Tartarian. Very large, bright purple, glossy black; half tender, juicy, rich and fine. Tree a rapid, vigorous, upright grower and great bearer. One of the popular kinds. Ripens last of June and beginning of July.
Coe’s Transparent. Vigorous growth. Medium; pale :amber and red; one of the best. Ripening end of June.
Downer’s Late. Rather large, light red; very tender, juicy, rich, sweet and delicious; hangs long on the tree, and not liable to rot in wet weather. Tree hardy, vigorous; a regular and great bearer. Middle of July.
Dikeman. This gem among Cherries has the advantage -of being the latest ripening Sweet Cherry known; hence, placed on the market two or three weeks after other sorts are gone, it commands highest price. Black, good size, and in texture reminds one of the Cherries from the Pacific slope, being meaty and solid. It is this quality alone which makes it such a good shipper and keeps it so long.
Early Purple Guigne. Medium, purple; tender, juicy, uich and sweet. Tree hardy, slender and of spreading
growth, and a good bearer. The earliest fine variety. First to middle of July.
Elkhom. Large; flesh purple, juicy, tender, fine flavor; productive. Middle of July.
Governor Wood. Large; light yellow and bright red; nearly tender, juicy, sweet, rich and delicious. Tree very vigorous and productive; one of the most popular. Middle to end of June.
Ida. An abundant bearer of luscious yellow and red fruit. Ripens in June. We consider this the best light colored cherry grown.
Lambert. Very large, dark purplish red turning almost jet black when ripe. Flesh firm, rich and juicy; an enormous bearer.
Mercer (New). Fruit large, dark red, fine flavored, sweet. A good shipper; tree very hardy; an annual bearer and not liable to be wormy or rot. It gives great promise of being one of the very best for orchard or family purposes. Early.
Napoleon Bigarreau. Very large, pale yellow and red; very firm, juicy, sweet, and good. Tree spreading, vigor- ous, and exceedingly productive. Early in July.
Rockport Bigarreau. Large, amber and light red; half tender, sweet, rich and excellent. Tree vigorous, erect, beautiful and productive. Last of June and first of July. A very valuable variety. Should be in every collection.
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BRECK-ROBIN SON NURSERY CO.
Schmidt’s Bigarreau (New). Remarkably hardy and productive. Fruit of the largest size; a deep mahogany color; flesh dark, tender, juicy with a fine, rich flavor. Stone small. July.
Windsor. Fruit large; liver colored. Flesh remarkably firm, sweet and of fine quality. Tree hardy and very prolific. Middle of
July.
White Caroon. Fruit large 'and fine, flavor rich subacid, choice for canning. Middle of July.
Yellow Spanish. Large, pale yellow, with a red cheek; flesh firm; juicy and delicious; handsome. Tree vigorous and productive. First of July.
Duke and Morello
Cherries
Bing. A native of Oregon, fruit very large, bright and glossy. Color very dark crimson; one of the largest cherries ever produced, and of the most excellent quality. Season Julv.
Lutovka. Season middle to last of July. Fruit large. Color rich, dark red. Flesh red, tender, juicy, with a mild sub-acid flavor. Extra hardy; a vigorous grower and very productive.
Dyehouse. Partakes of both the Duke and Morello in wood and fruit; a very early and sure bearer; ripens a week before the early Richmond, of better quality and quite as productive. June.
Early Richmond. Medium size, dark red; juicy, rich acid flavor. The stone adheres to the stem. One of the most valuable of the sour cherries. Tree a slender grower, with a round spreading head, and exceedingly productive. The most hardy of all. Ripens through June.
Empress Eugenie. A new French cherry, rather dwarf in habit; very productive. Fruit large, roundish flattened, skin rich, dark red; flesh red, tender, rich, juicy, sub-acid, very good; stone small. Middle of June.
Louis Phillippe. Fruit largest of its class, round and regular; color rich, dark red when fully ripe; flesh tender, juicy, sprightly, mild acid. Fruit remains perfect on the tree two weeks without injury. Middle to last of July.
Late Duke. Large, light to dark red; tender, juicy, sprightly sub-acid. Tree vigorous, hardy, productive. Ripens gradually, and hangs on the tree from middle of July into August.
May Duke. Large, dark red, tender, melting, juicy, and when fully ripe, rich and excellent flavor. Ripens a long time in succession. Tree hardy, vigorous and upright in growth. Middle of June.
Montmorency (Reduced one-half)
Montmorency (Large Montmorency). A cherry of the Richmond class but larger and more solid. A more up- right grower, equally hardy and a heavy cropper. Ripens from seven to ten days later than the Richmond, entirely escaping danger from spring frost. A valuable addition to our orchard fruit.
Morello English. Large, dark red, nearly black; tender, juicy, sub-acid. Valuable for preserves. Tree small, slender growth, productive. July and August. .
Olivet. A large, globular, very shining, deep red sort. The flesh is red; with a rose-colored juice, tender, rich and vinous, with a very sweet sub-acidulous flavor. It ripens in the beginning of June and continues till July without losing its quality.
Ostheim. A very hardy cherry, imported from St. Petersburg, Russia. Color dark red; flesh very dark, juicy, with a sub-acid flavor. Its hardiness and produc- tiveness renders it valuable. Middle of July.
Reine Hortense. Very large, bright red; tender, juicy, nearly sweet. Tree a healthy, handsome grower, and pro- ductive. Very desirable. Middle to last of July.
Wragg. Very hardy. Fruit dark, juicy and rich. Tree a dwarf but vigorous grower and very prolific. Nearly like English Morello.
Rocky Mountain Cherry
Improved Dwarf. From Colorado. It has withstood a temperature of 40° below zero. Exceedingly productive. Fruit jet black when ripe, and in size averaging somewhat larger than the Eng. Morello. Its season of ripening being after all others are gone. In flavor it is akin to the sweet Cherries. Worthy of cultivation for an ornamental shrub.
Baldwin. Fruit large, almost round; very dark, transparent wine color; flavor slightly acid yet the sweetest and richest of the Morello type. Unexcelled in earliness, vigor, hardiness, quality and productive- ness.
LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS
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PLUMS
Plums, like pears, attain the highest perfection on our heavy soils.
We have divided our list of plums into three general classes, European, Japan and Native.
The European plums are mostly of English or French origin and are distinguished for their high quality. They require good cultivation and the most intelligent care of any fruit, but they richly repay the diligent orchardist.
Japan plums are attrac- ting the attention of growers because of their showy appearance, their fungus re- sisting foliage and adapta- bility to almost any soil and climate.
Native plums are hardy, produce large crops mostly of early and medium sized highly colored fruit. They seem to thrive in the most unfavorable locations of soil and climate. When planting this type, several varieties should be planted in the same orchard so the blossoms will fertilize properly.
Plums of European Type
Arch Duke (New). A large, dark and very prolific plum ripening October 1st. A very valuable addition to late plums and profitable to the amateur and orchardist. Last of September.
Bradshaw. A very large, oval, dark violet red; juicy, sweet and good; a valuable market variety. Tree very vigorous; erect and productive. Middle of August.
Coe’s Golden Drop. Very large, light yellow; rather firm, rich, sweet and good; adheres to the stone. Tree moderately vigorous and productive. A valuable late variety. Last of September.
Empire. This new variety has been thoroughly tested for a number of years, and is pronounced by plum growers to be the most valuable market sort. Fruit is very large and oval. Color reddish purple, covered with bloom. Tree ironclad in hardiness, strong grower, enormous bearer. Ripens September 5th to 10th.
Fellemberg (Italian Prune). A fine late plum; oval, purple; flesh juicy and delicious; parts from the stone; fine for drying. Tree very productive. September.
French Damson. Tree a better grower than the Shrop- shire or Blue Damson; hardy, an annual bearer; very productive. Fruit medium; dark copper color, with a rich bloom, and the best of the Damsons for market; ripens two weeks later than Shropshire. October.
Geuii. Fruit very large, bluish purple, covered with thick bloom; flesh yellowish green, coarse, sweet and pleasant; great bearer and very early; tree a hardy and rapid grower. One of the most profitable for market. First to middle of September.
German Prune. A large, long oval variety, much esteemed for drying; color dark purple; of very agreeable flavor. September.
Giant Prurle (New). For a market, table and shipping Prune the Giant stands pre-eminent, owing to its great size, beauty of form and color, its firm, rich, sweet delicious flesh, which separates readily from the stone. It has a yellow flesh of remarkable sweetness, and very firm. The tree is a strong, handsome grower, and the fruit is produced in the utmost profusion and of uniform size. September.
Grand Duke. Fruit oval with a short neck. Skin almost black, but reddish when shaded and covered with
bloom; flesh yellow, adhering closely to the stone; with a sweet, rich flavor when fully ripe. Leading plum growers state that it is one of the most profitable plums for market. September.
Green Gage. Small; considered the standard of excel- lence; slow grower. Middle of August.
Imperial Gage. Large, oval, greenish; juicy, melting, sweet, rich, sprightly and agreeable; parts from the stone. T ree very vigorous and productive. One of the best plums, valuable for market. Middle of August and first of September.
Lombard. Medium, oval, violet red; juicy, pleasant and good; adheres to the stone. Tree vigorous and very productive. A valuable market variety; one of the most hardy and popular. Middle to last of August.
Monarch (New). Fruit dark purple covered with a thin bloom; large size, specimens measuring six inches in circumference; flesh pale greenish yellow, parting freely from the stone; juicy with a pleasant flavor. It is a leading market sort. The tree is a vigorous grower. September.
Moore’s Arctic. A hardy plum. Tree healthy, vigor- ous, an early and abundant bearer. Fruit medium; skin purplish black, thin blue bloom; flesh greenish yellow, a little coarse, juicy sweet. Ripens early in September.
Niagara. Very large; reddish purple, entirely covered with gray bloom; flesh deep greenish yellow. Said to be identical with Bradshaw. Vigorous. Middle of August.
Pond’s Seedling. Very large, oval, reddish violet; a little coarse, very juicy, sugary and handsome. Tree a good grower and productive. August.
Reine Claude (Bavay’s Green Gage). Round, greenish yellow, juicy, melting, sugary, rich and excellent; separates from the stone. Tree very vigorous and remarkably pro- ductive. A valuable market plum. Ripens last of September.
Smith’s Prune (Diamond). Fruit very large, oval, black. Ripens in September. A most valuable market variety. Tree a fine grower, hardy and productive.
Shropshire Damson. Originated in England. Dark purple, larger than the common Damson, very produc- tive; ripens about September first.
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Burbank
Shipper’s Pride. Fruit large; color bluish purple, hand- some and showy; flesh firm, of excellent quality; very productive and is a valuable market variety.
Tennant Prune (New). Originated on Pacific Coast. Large, dark purple, blue bloom. Highest quality; bears transportation well and is said to be the best drying prune cultivated. Hardy, vigorous and productive.
Washington (Bolmar’s). A magnificent, large plum; roundish, oval, yellowish, crimson dots and blush in the sun ; juicy, fine, sweet and good.
Yellow Egg. A very large and beautiful egg-shaped, yellow plum. A little coarse, but excellent for cooking. Tree a free grower and very productive and hardy. End of August.
Yellow Gage. Above medium size, oval, bright marbled yellow; very juicy and rich-fleshed. The tree grows and "bears well, and is hardy in fruit and bud. August.
Improved Native Plums
De Soto. Originated in Wisconsin. Very hardy and productive, bears young; fruit medium size, yellow mar- bled with red, good quality. One of the best to plant near other varieties requiring fertilization. September.
Forest Garden. Fruit large, orange, covered with purple bloom; skin thin, flesh orange color, good; productive and vigorous.
September. Clingstone.
Earlier than De Soto.
Japan Plums
Abundance ( B o t a n ) .
Beautiful lemon yellow ground, nearly overspread with bright cherry and with a heavy bloom ; large to very large, oblong, tapering to the point.
Flesh orange yellow, melt- ing, rich and highly per- fumed; abundant and annual bearer. Tree a
very vigorous, upright grower. Has been thoroughly tested, and is highly recommended.
Climax. One of Burbank’s latest and best. Fruit heart shaped, larger than Wickson and more highly colored. Very frag- rant, delicious, prolific and a vigorous grower. Ripens about the time of Red June.
Burbank. Large and beauti- ful, clear cherry red with a thin lilac bloom; flesh a deep yellow, very sweet with a peculiar and very agreeable flavor. The tree is a vigorous grower with large and broad leaves; usually begins to bear the second year after transplanting. Ripens later than the Abundance; end of August.
Hale. New. Very handsome with a bright orange color thinly overlaid with red; flesh yellow, soft and juicy, yet a good keeper; very pleasant peach flavor, valuable as a late variety ripening when other varieties are gone.
October Purple. Large, round fruit; dark, reddish purple; yellow flesh of most superb quality. Ripens middle of Sep- tember. Its large even size, beautiful color and superb quality, make it very desirable for the garden or market.
Ogon. Large, nearly round, bright golden yellow, with faint bloom; flesh firm, sweet, rich and dry. Tree vigor- ous and hardy. First of August.
Red June. An early ripening Japanese plum; medium to large, roundish, conical, purplish red, handsome; flesh yellow, quality good.
Satsuma (Blood). Large, globular with sharp point. Color, purple and red with bloom; flesh firm, juicy, dark red or blood color, fine quality; pit very small. Just acid enough to be excellent for cooking and preserving. Keeps long and ships well. The tree makes a rapid yet compact growth and yields heavy crops. August.
Wickson. Originated by Burbank. A sturdy upright grower. Fruit remarkably handsome, deep maroon red, covered with white bloom; stone small; flesh fine texture, firm, sugary and delicious. Excellent keeper and shipper; will keep two weeks after ripening.
Willard. Size medium, color red and attractive; vigorous, hardy and productive; very early, about July 15. Will keep in good condition a long time after picking.
Yellow Japan (Chabot). Lemon-yellow ground; nearly overspread with bright cherry and heavy bloom; large to very large; oblong, tapering to a point like Wild Goose; flesh orange yellow, melting, rich and highly perfumed
Shropshire Damson Plums
LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS
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PEACHES
The peach tree requires a well drained, moderately rich soil; warm, sandy loam is probably the best.
In order to preserve the continued healthy growth of the tree and the fine quality of the fruit, the peach should have the shoots and branches cut back to one-half the preceding season’s growth every year, so as to preserve a round vigorous head; this should be done the last of February, or as early in the spring as practicable. The land should mot be seeded to grass, but kept in constant cultivation until August.
The following varieties have been selected out of hundreds, the best only being chosen. They furnish a succession for about two months, commencing the early part of August.
Admiral Dewey. A perfect free- stone; flesh yellow and of a uniform color and texture to the pit. Hardy
and productive. Early.
Alexander. This excellent variety ripens very early. Large, color deep maroon, handsomely shaded; flesh firm, rich and good; most excellent shipper. Freestone.
Middle to last of July.
Brigdon (Garfield). This remark- able peach originated in Cayuga County, N. Y. It is hardy and the fruit large and handsome and more productive than the early Crawford.
The foliage is large and glossy.
Flesh yellow, rich and juicy, with a pleasant flavor. Fruit deep orange red, dark red on the exposed side.
Middle of September. Freestone.
B o k a r a No. 3. The hardiest yellow peach yet brought to notice; of fine quality and a heavy bearer;
30 per cent, hardier than any other kind.
Belle of Georgia. Very large; skin white, with red cheek; flesh white, firm and of excellent flavor; the fruit is uniformly large and showy; tree a rapid grower and very prolific.
Chair’s Choice. Fruit of very large size, yellow, with red cheek; flesh yellow, firm and of good quality; tree strong grower and a good bearer. Ripens just before Smock.
Crawford’s Early. Very large, yellow, with a fine red cheek; flesh yellow, melting, sweet, rich and very excel- lent. Tree hardy, vigorous and very fruitful. First of September. Freestone.
Crawford’s Late. Very large, yellow, with a dark red cheek; flesh deep yellow, red at the stone, juicy and excel- lent, with a very rich and excellent vinous flavor; one of the finest of the later sorts. Tree vigorous and productive. Last of September. Freestone.
Champion. An extremely good, early peach. Skin creamy white with red cheek ; a perfect freestone, which is a rare thing among early peaches; very hardy, regular bearer. First of August.
Crosby. This is one of the hardiest peaches of good quality yet introduced, and will carry the peach belt several degrees north. The fruit is full medium size, round, oblate. Color bright yellow, beautifully splashed and striped with crimson. The flesh is light yellow and red at the stone, firm moderately juicy and of good quality. It npens about September 15. Freestone.
Carman. A new hardy rot-proof peach; ripening at time with Early Rivers. Large, round, with pale yellow skin and red blush on sunny side; white flesh, sweet flavor.
Early Canada. Ripens one month before Crawford’s Early. Good samples measure over seven inches in cir- cumference; unusually hardy for a peach. Last of July.
Early Rivers. Large, creamy white, with a delicate pink cheek; flesh melting, with a rich flavor. One of the finest of the early peaches for amateur’s use and for market. August.
Engle Mammoth. Very large and attractive, magnifi- cent red cheek, high quality. Tree strong grower, very hardy and productive. One of the best canning varieties. Resembling Late Crawford. September.
and Late Crawford (Reduced one-half size)
Early York. Medium size, greenish white, covered in the sun with dull red; flesh greenish white, very tender and melting, full of rich sprightly juice. One of the best early varieties. Tree hardy and productive. Middle of August. Freestone.
Elberta. Yellow with red cheek; flesh yellow, firm, juicy, of high quality, exceedingly prolific and hardy. Very popular and is “the best general peach for all sections;” follows Early Crawford. The Elberta has received more favorable notices from the fruit and agricul- tural papers than any other peach.
Fitzgerald. A chance seedling found in Ontario, outside the peach belt, where it has produced regular crops. The fruit is of very large size, pit very small. This promising new peach is of the Crawford type but excels that famous variety in size, hardiness and productiveness. Season same as Early Crawford.
Foster. Large, slightly flattened, color a deep orange red, becoming very dark on the exposed side; flesh yellow, rich and juicy, with a pleasant sub-acid flavor. Freestone. First of September.
Globe. Fruit exceedingly large, globular in form, quite uniform in size; of a rich golden yellow, with a red blush; flesh very firm, coarse grained, but juicy, yellow shaded with a red tinge toward the pit. Freestone. Middle of September.
Greensboro. The largest and most beautifully colored of all the early varieties. Double the size of Alexander, ripening at same time, parts clear from seed when fully ripe. Flesh white, juicy and good.
Golden Drop. The almost translucent golden-colored flesh of this Peach renders it exceedingly attractive in market, where it sells at highest prices. The tree is hardy, bears early and profitably. Late September.
Hill’s Chili. Medium size, dull yellow; tree very hardy, a good bearer; highly esteemed for canning. Last of September.
Iron Mountain. Fruit very large, white. Quality good. Very hardy in bud. White inside at pit. Freestone. September.
Lord Palmerston. Fruit very large, skin white with a pink cheek; flesh firm, yet melting, rich and sweet. Last of September.
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BRECK-ROBIN SON NURSERY CO.
Kalamazoo. Large, golden yellow, with crimson cheek. The thick yellow flesh is of delightful flavor, the pit small. The tree is strong-growing, hardy and productive. Sep- tember.
Matthew’s Beauty. Largely planted as the most valua- ble succession for Elberta. Large in size, golden yellow, streaked with red; flesh thick, firm, fine. Its good ship- ping qualities make it an exceedingly valuable variety for market. September.
Mayflower. A most beautiful peach, bright red all over and of good size. Extremely early, coming into bearing even before Sneed. Tree is a strong, thrifty grower and is inclined to overbear. Young fruit must be thinned for best results. A splendid shipper and most valuable market peach.
Morris White. Medium size, dull creamy white; flesh white to the stone, melting, juicy, sweet and rich. Much esteemed for preserving. September.
Mountain Rose. Large red, white flesh; ripens same time as Early York:; first quality. Freestone. First of August.
Niagara. Originated in Niagara county, New York, where it has borne heavy crops of uniformly large, delicious peaches every year the past six seasons. The original orchard has 200 trees, and not a tree has blighted or shown any sign of decay, although other varieties in the same orchard have failed to produce crops oftener than two years out of three. Ripens just after Elberta. New.
Old Mixon Cling. Large, pale yellow, with red cheek; juicy, rich and high flavored; one of the best clingstone peaches. Last of September.
Old Mixon Freestone. Large, yellowish white, deep red cheek; flesh white, tender, with an excellent rich, sugary, vinous flavor. A popular and valuable variety. Tree vigorous and productive. Middle of September.
Prolific. A choice large yellow peach, valuable for succession to Early Crawford, for its fine shipping qualities, its beauty and its good quality. Of strong, thrifty growth, hardy and productive. September.
Salway. Large, skin downy, creamy yellow, with a rich crimson cheek in the sun; flesh deep yellow, stained with red at the stone; juicy, melting, rich, sweet, slightly vinous. Freestone. October.
Smock (Beer’s Smock). Large, orange red or yellow, flesh red at the stone, moderately juicy and rich, very pro- ductive and a valuable late market variety. First of October.
Steven’s Rareripe. Very productive and of high color; ripens immediately after Late Crawford, and continues three weeks. September and first of October.
Stump the World. Very large, creamy white, bright red cheek; flesh white, juicy and high flavored. Productive. Last of September.
Triumph. Earliest yellow flesh peach, with good eating and shipping qualities. Ripens with Alexander, blooms late, sure and abundant bearer; strong, vigorous grower. Fruit good size, yellow.
Wheatland. Fruit large, quality the very best; color a deep golden yellow, a sturdy grower and a good bearer. A most excellent shipper, a valuable market sort. Ripens between Crawford’s Early and Late. Freestone.
Willet. Undoubtedly one of the largest and finest peaches grown. Flesh yellow, skin covered with dark red. Specimens have measured twelve inches in circumference. Season September.
Wonderful. Very large, flesh yellow, and will keep a long time in good condition; a good shipper; freestone; pit small; valuable for canning; a strong, healthy grower and very productive, ripening second week in October.
Yellow Rareripe. Large, orange yellow, red cheek; flesh deep yellow, juicy, melting, with a rich and excellent vinous flavor. Tree hardy, vigorous and good bearer. Beginning in September. Freestone.
Yellow St. John. A grand peach, ripening about ten days after Hale’s. Nearly as large as Crawford, fully equal in color and of superior flavor; fruit round, brilliant, showy; bears young and produces abundantly. August.
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NECTARINES
A most delicious, smooth-skinned fruit, which thrives wherever peaches will grow, but it is liable to be stung by the curculio, and requires the same treatment as plums. Trees good, vigorous growers.
Early Violet. Medium size; yellowish green, with a Elruge. Medium size, pale green, covered with dark purple cheek, flesh pale green; melting, rich and highly red; flesh greenish white, melting, very juicy, with a rich flavored. Freestone. Last of August. high flavor. Freestone. Beginning of September.
QUINCES
The quince is well known and highly esteemed for cooking and preserving. One of the most profitable for orchard planting.
The trees are hardy and compact in growth, require but little space, productive, give regular crops and come early into bearing.
They require good deep soil, which should be kept clean and mellow, with an occasional dressing of manure, but do
not need severe pruning; a careful thinning out of the Keep a vigilant search after the borer, and thin out
Bourgeat. A new variety, of the best quality, tender and good. Ripening shortly after Orange, and keeping till past, mid-winter. Largest size, rich golden color, smooth, no creases. Rich velvety skin, with delicious quince odor. Foliage healthy. The strongest grower of the quinces, making tree as large and thrifty as plums and pears, and yielding an immense crop.
Champion. The fruit is very large and productive. Young trees, two years old from bud, are often loaded with fruit. The skin russetted around the stem; below, a lively yellow color. Its flesh cooks tender; season is about two weeks later than the Orange. In growth it is very strong, stout and rugged.
decayed wood will be sufficient, e fruit if bearing too freely.
Meeche’s Prolific. Fruit said to be larger than the Orange, resembling the Champion in shape and general appearance, though not averaging quite so large; of great beauty and delightful fragrance. Productive and ripens early.
Orange. Large, roundish, bright golden yellow; cooks quite tender, and is of very excellent flavor. Valuable for preserves and market. Very productive. Octo- ber.
Rea’s Mammoth. A seedling of the Orange quince, one-third larger. Fair, handsome, and equally as good and productive. Tree a healthy, thrifty grower.
APRICOTS
This is one of the most beautiful and delicious fruits, and its value is greatly enhanced by the season of its ripening, between cherries and peaches.
Liable to attack by curculio, and requires the same treatment as that applied to plum trees.
Early Golden. Small; pale orange; juicy and sweet; hardy and productive. First of July.
Early Moorpark. Medium; rich; juicy; very fine.
Harris. Originated in Geneva. Free; perfectly hardy; comes into bearing young, and is very productive. Fruit large, rich golden yellow; ripens middle of July.
Large Early Montgamet. One of the finest early varie- ties. Large.
Moorpark. One of the largest; orange with a red cheek; firm, juicy, with a rich flavor; very productive. August.
Peach. Very large; orange with a dark cheek; juicy and high flavored.
St. Ambroise. A good grower and very productive of good quality; freestone. Excellent for drying or canning. Ripens about middle of July.
Russian Varieties
The following varieties are the best that have been brought out; as a class, they are sufficiently hardy, but they are not as desirable as those named in the foregoing list.
Alexander. Fruit yellow flecked with red; very beauti- ful and delicious. July.
J. L. Budd. Strong grower and profuse bearer; white with red cheek; sweet, juicy, the best late variety. August.
Golden Russian. One of the best of the Russian Apri- cots; rich, juicy and very fine.
MULBERRIES
The Mulberry is one of the most valuable of trees. As valuable for shade as for its fruit producing qualities. A wonderfully rapid grower, often growing 6 to 8 feet in one season. Perfectly hardy. The fruit ripens in July and con- tinues for three months. It is rarely picked from the trees, as it falls as soon as ripe, and it is therefore the custom to keep the surface below in a short turf, and the fruit is picked from the green grass. Invaluable for planting in yards where chickens are kept.
Downing. Superseded by New American which is hardier and better.
New American. Tree very vigorous and productive, surpassed by none; possesses a rich, sub-acid flavor; continues in bearing a long time. Fruit one and one- quarter of an inch long and nearly half an inch in diameter;
color maroon or an intense blue black at full maturity; flesh juicy, rich, sugary.
Russian. Very hardy, shrub-like in form of growth, valuable for feeding silk worms and for fences in severe climates.
Tea’s Weeping. See ornamental trees.
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BRECK-ROBIN SON NURSERY CO.
NUTS
The past few years have witnessed a remarkable development in the planting of nut-bearing trees. Probably no branch of tree cultivation pays larger profits or is as well assured of a profitable market. The immense importations of foreign nuts every year give some idea of the market to be supplied. Few farms but contain land, that, if planted to nut bearing trees, would pay better than anything else to which it could be devoted; the nuts in many cases paying better than farm crops or fruits, while most kinds are making a growth of valuable timber, that will of itself pay a large per cent, on the investment.
Our native nut-bearing trees are admirably adapted for planting in streets, farm lanes, pastures, etc., for shade, ornament and profitable returns.
Butternut (White Walnut). A native tree of medium size; spreading head, grayish colored bark; wood very valuable. Nut oblong and rough; highly prized for its sweet, nutritious kernel.
Filbert, English (Hazel Nut). This is of the easiest cul- ture, growing 6 to 8 feet, entirely hardy, and one of the most profitable and satisfactory nuts to grow; succeeding on almost all soils; bearing early and abundantly. Nuts* nearly round, rich, and of excellent flavor.
Chestnut
American Sweet. A valuable native tree, both useful and ornamental. When grown in open ground it assumes an elegant, symmetrical form; foliage rich and glossy. Nuts sweet, of delicate flavor, and are a valuable article of commerce.
Spanish. A handsome, round headed tree, producing abundantly very large nuts that find a ready market at good prices. Not as sweet as the American.
Paragon (New). A vigorous grower and an early, abundant bearer; nuts very large three or four in a burr and particularly sweet and rich.
Numbo. Nuts very large and of fine appearance, sweet and early to ripen. Tree enormously productive, bearing regularly.
Walnut
Black. A native tree of large size and majestic form, beautiful foliage. The most valuable of all trees for its. timber which enters largely into the manufacture of fine furniture and cabinet ware, and brings the highest price in market. Tree a rapid grower, producing a large round nut of excellent quality.
English. A fine, lofty growing tree, with a handsome spreading head. It produces immense crops of thin shelled delicious nuts, which are always in demand; fruit in green state is highly esteemed for pickling.
Japan. The nuts are considerably larger than the common hickory-nut, and borne in clusters of fifteen to twenty. The shell is a little thicker than that of the English Walnut, which it resembles in a general way. The trees begin to bear when two or three years old.
GRAPES
Grape vines are very easily transplanted when young, if thrifty plants are used.
Dig holes from eight to ten inches deep and large enough so the roots may be spread naturally, without crossing each other; distribute the finest soil among them and pack firmly.
Cultivate thoroughly through the season; the spring following planting, after the buds swell, cut off all but the two best lowest buds permitting two canes only to grow. In the fall cut one cane four to six feet to bear the next year, and cut one back to two eyes again to form new wood for the following year’s crop.
There is a large list of novelties but we name only those that thrive in most localities.
Moore’s Early
Black and Blue Varieties
Campbell’s Early. A fine new grape. Clusters large, compact and handsome, berries large, nearly round, black, with light purple bloom; flesh firm, but tender; the seeds are few; quality rich, sweet, slightly vinous; a strong and vigorous grower with healthy foliage; it ripens very early; the berries do not drop easily from the clusters, and the fruit keeps a long time in perfection.
Concord. Bunch and berries large, round, black, thickly covered with a beautiful bloom ; flesh moderately juicy, sweet pulp, quite tender when fully ripe. Ripens from 10th to 20th of September. Vine healthy, hardy and productive.
Early Ohio. Ripens ten days to two weeks before Moore's Early. Bunch large, compact, shouldered; berry medium, covered with heavy bloom; foliage heavy and perfectly healthy. Fully as hardy as the Concord. Very productive, and of good quality. Berry adheres firmly to stem. One of the best shippers.
Isabella. Well known and heretofore popular. Bunch and berry large, dark purple, sweet and rich when fully ripe. Too late for some seasons.
Moore’s Early. Bunch and berry large, with a blue bloom; quality better than Concord; ripens ten days before Hartford. Its size and earliness render it desirable.
Worden. Bunches large, handsome; berries large, sweet. Ten days earlier than the Concord, and superior to it in flavor; ripens well in cold localities. Vine very thrifty and vigorous; perfectly hardy and a good bearer. Popular for vineyard and garden.
LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS
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Red Grapes
Agawam (Rogers' No. 15). Dark red or maroon; bunches compact, very large, berries large; oval, pulp soft, flavor sweet and aromatic. Ripens early; is very attractive. One of the best of the red varieties.
Brighton. Dark red. One of the most desirable of the early red grapes. Very large and handsome. Clusters under favorable con- ditions are more uniform than those of any other grape. Ripens soon after Hartford. Should be planted near by other varieties as its blossoms do not always fertilize when alone.
Catawba. Bunches large, shouldered; berries large, reddish and sprightly. One of the old and popular grapes, extensively planted in some sections for wine, for which it is valuable, and for its late keeping qualities.
Delaware, Superior as a table grape. Bunch medium, very com- pact, berries medium round; skin thin, of a beautiful dark red color when fully ripe; flesh tender and juicy, exceedingly sweet. Vine hardy, moderately vigorous and very productive. Ripens early in September.
Salem (Roger’s No. 22). Chestnut color; bunch large, short, broad and compact, berry very large, round; flesh nearly free from pulp, sweet, aromatic and well flavored; vine vigorous, healthy and produc- tive. Ripens with Concord.
White Grapes
Green Mountain (Winchell). Found growing in a garden on the side of the Green Mountains in Vermont, at an alti- tude of 1400 feet, where it ripened its fruit perfectly. Vine strong, vigorous, healthy, very hardy and productive. Bunch long, compact shoulder, green or greenish white. Skin thin. Pulp very tender and sweet. Three weeks earlier than Concord.
Moore’s Diamond. Vine is a vigorous grower, with large, dark healthy foliage, very hardy. It is a prolific bearer producing large, handsome, compact bunches. Color greenish white, with a rich yellow tinge when fully ripe; few seeds, juicy. Berry about the size of Concord and
Brighton Grapes
adheres firmly to the stem. It ripens early, usually from Aug. 25th to Sept. 10th. One of the finest of grapes.
Niagara. Vine hardy and strong grower; bunches very large and compact, many weighing fourteen ounces, some- times more; berries large, skin thin but tough, pale green at first, changing to pale yellow when fully ripe, with a thin white bloom ; flesh pulpy, tender, sweet. Ripens with the Concord.
Pocklington. Bunch medium to large, berry large, round, light golden yellow when fully matured; flesh pulpy, juicy. Vine very hardy, healthy, vigorous and productive. Ripens with Concord.
CURRANTS
Plant in very fertile soil made so by liberal manuring. The tops should be cut back so only three or four branches will grow the first season. Thin out the old wood yearly, opening the bush considerably.
At the first appearance of currant worms they are easily destroyed by sprinkling with a can of water in which
powdered white hellebore is stirred — (one ounce to three gallons). Plant in rows five feet apart and three feet in row.
White Grape Currant
Black Naples. Very large, black, bunches of medium length. Much valued for jellies; strong grower, coarse leaves.
Cherry. Fruit of the largest size, deep red, rather acid; short bunches; growth strong, stout, erect, short-jointed shoots.
Crandall’s Currant. A new variety whose yellow flowers make it very useful as an ornamental shrub in the spring. Fruit is large dark colored and has some of the characteristics of a gooseberry.
Fay’s Prolific. Has fully sustained all the claims that were made for it by the originator when first introduced, and is the best red currant known. It has been widely planted, and has given general satisfaction ; fruit very large, bright red, and of excellent flayor, less acid than Cherry. It has a long stem, which admits of rapid pick- ing, and is enormously productive. One of the most valuable fruits of recent introduction. Comes into bearing early.
La Versailles. Very large, red; long bunch of great beauty and excellent quality. One of the finest and best. Very productive.
Lee’s Prolific (Black). The largest in berry and bunch, and best in quality and productiveness of any black variety yet introduced.
Perfection. The color is a beautiful bright red; size as large or larger than the Fay; the clusters averaging longer. The Perfection is a great bearer, resembling its parent, the White Grape, in this respect. The quality is rich, mild, sub-acid, plenty of pulp, with few seeds. After three years’ trial, this fruit was the first to receive the $50 Gold Medal of the Western New York Horticultural Society.
Red Dutch. Deep red, rich acid flavor. An old, well known and fine market sort; good quality; vigorous, upright and very pro- ductive.
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BRECK-ROBINSON NURSERY CO.
Victoria. Large, bright red, long bunch; late in ripen- ing and hangs long on the bush. One of the best; very valuable for its lateness. Spreading growth, very productive.
White Grape. Very large, yellowish white; sweet or a very mild acid; excellent quality and valuable for the table. The finest of the white sorts.
Wilder. A new red currant, fruit large, fine flavored, great yielder, very profitable for market.
ASPARAGUS
To make a good asparagus bed the plants may be set in the fall or early spring. Prepare a place of fine loamy soi 1 to which has been added a liberal dressing of good manure. Select two-year or strong one-year plants, and for a garden, set in rows 18 to 20 inches apart, with plants 10 to 12 inches in the row.
The roots should, be spread and planted so that the crowns, when covered shall be three inches below the surface of the ground. If planted in the fall the whole bed should be covered before winter sets in with two or three inches of stable manure which may be lightly forked in between the rows as soon as the ground opens in the spring.
Conover’s Colossal. Highly recommended for its immense size, and being remarkably tender and high flavored.
Donald’s Elmira. Color a delicate green, different from other varieties, while the stalks are more tender and
succulent. Its mammoth size always commands a fancy price.
Palmetto. It sells at quite an advance over other varie- ties on account of its mammoth size. Quality not excelled by any.
RHUBARB OR PIE PLANT
Linnaeus — Large, early, tender and fine. The very best of all. This is the great “Wine Plant.”
COLOMBIAN RASPBERRY
RASPBERRIES
For field culture raspberries should be planted in rows four to six feet apart, two and one-half to three feet in rows, depending on the character of growth of sorts planted.
The first year after planting cut the canes about two feet from the ground and when grown eighteen inches pinch off the ends which will cause them to branch, repeat this when a new growth comes to make stocky plants. The follow- ing spring shear off a third of the wood leaving a round bush.
Only five or six shoots should be left on sorts that sucker. Cut off all others.
Red and Purple Raspberries
Cardinal. The best of the purple raspberries and a most desirable variety for home use. Vigorous in growth, ornamental in appearance and enormously productive.
Columbian. A new variety of great promise. It is a very. vigorous grower and very hardy. Fruit purple and delicious for table or canning, and an excellent shipping variety.
Cuthbert, or Queen of the Market. Fruit is large, luscious, and produced in the greatest profusion. Color deep rich crimson; fruit very firm. Ripens from July 10 to 20, and continues a long time in fruit. Entirely hardy and yields heavy crops. Follows the Marlboro in season of ripening.
Herbert. Fruit large, bright red, somewhat oblong, the largest of red raspberries, very hardy. Flavor sweet and juicy. Season five or six days before Cuthbert.
LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS
21
June. Very excellent red raspberry. A new variety propagated by N. Y. Experiment Station and recom- mended by them. Very large, prolific and vigorous. Good both for canning and table use.
Loudon. A new red raspberry which originated at Janesville, Wis. Said to be a seedling of the Turner crossed with Cuthbert. Large, broadly conical, beautiful red. Ripens about with Cuthbert, continuing later, and in quality better than that variety. One of the best.
Marlboro. It is a strong grower with strong side arms; it is perfectly hardy. The large size of its dark green foliage is the means of its early, regular and late bearing and extraordinary size of fruit; in color a bright crimson and, unlike others, does not lose its brilliancy when over ripe; of a good quality and very prolific.
Shaffer’s Colossal. Fruit very large purplish red, rather soft, but luscious and of a rich, sprightly flavor. A strong grower, hardy and enormously productive. Un- equalled for family use, and one of the best for canning; season medium to late.
Yellow Raspberries
Golden Queen. Large size, great beauty, high quality, perfectly hardy, and very productive; equal to Cuthbert in size of fruit and vigor of growth. Ripens in mid-season. No home garden should be without it.
Black Raspberries
Cumberland. The bush is hardy, a vigorous grower, and exceptionally productive. Fruit of uniform size, and larger than any known black raspberry. Many specimens are from seven-eighths to fifteen-sixteenths of an inch in diameter. In quality it is equal to Gregg, ripening a few days earlier than that variety. It is very firm and a good shipper.
Black Diamond. Berries large, very sweet and pulpy, yet fine for shipping and evaporating. Canes strong and fruitful. Early.
Plum Farmer. Fruit very large, average nearly an inch in diameter, bush a very vigorous grower. Early.
Gregg. Jet black, never falls from the bushes, and of first quality; canes of strong growth, perfectly hardy and immensely productive.
Ohio. The greatest producer among Black Caps, and for canning or evaporating the most profitable of all. Berry not quite as large as Gregg; plant hardy.
Souhegan. One of the most profitable Black Caps now grown. It is productive, large, jet-black, without bloom, firm, and earlier than any other Black Cap. It is a strong grower and perfectly hardy.
Strawberry-Raspberry (Rubus Sorbifolius). One of the remarkable recent introductions from Japan. A beautiful dwarf raspberry, seeming to be a hybrid between the rasp- berry and strawberry. Fruit is early, stands well out from the foliage, size and shape of a strawberry, color, brilliant crimson.
BLACKBERRIES
It is natural for blackberries to grow much stronger than raspberries, but the mode of culture is about the same. Permit three or four canes to grow the first season ; pinch back when three feet high. Prune back to four feet. Plant in rows six to seven feet apart, three feet in a row.
Agawam. Fruit medium size; jet-black, sweet, tender and melting to the core. A very valuable variety for home use; being sweet throughout as soon as black; very hardy, healthy and productive.
Blower. Large size, jet-black, good shipper, best quality, unexcelled productiveness.
Erie. Fruit very large, excellent quality, handsome and firm and ripens early; fruit uniform both in size and shape. There is no other berry that rivals it in combining hardi- ness, large size, earliness and productiveness.
Eldorado. The vines are very hardy and vigorous, enduring the winters of the far Northwest without injury. The berries are large, jet black, borne in large clusters and ripen well together.
Rathbun. The tips touch the ground and root, thus propagating themselves like the black cap raspberry. The fruit is borne in clusters; berries very large, color intense black with a high polish; small seeds; flesh juicy, high flavored, sweet and delicious. Carries well to market. In season medium early.
Snyder. A marvel for productiveness; fruit medium size, sweet and melting to the core. Its value is its extreme hardiness, standing the winters in those sections where the Kittatinny and Early Harvest kill down.
Taylor. A good succession for Snyder in cold climates. Ripens its large, luscious berries some weeks later. Vigor- ous, hardy and fruitful.
Wachusett Thornless. Fruit of medium size, oblong, oval, moderately firm, and less acid than any blackberry we have seen. The plant is said to do equally as well on light and heavy soils. It is also-hardy and almost free from thorns.
Wilson’s Early. Very large, shining black, retaining its color well after picking, and fine for the table as soon as full colored; quite firm, sweet, rich and good; ripens mainly together, and two weeks before the height of the blackberry season.
Dewberries or Running Blackberries
Lucretia. The plants are perfectly hardy and healthy, and remarkably productive. The fruit which ripens with the Mammoth Cluster raspberry, is very large, soft sweet and luscious throughout, without any hard center or core.
Rathbun Blackberries
22
BRECK-ROBIN SON NURSERY CO.
GOOSEBERRIES
READING FROM LEFT TO RIGHT THE FIRST ROW CONTAINS "DOWNING;” SECOND, FOURTH AND FIFTH “INDUSTRY;” THIRD “WHITESMITH”
Gooseberries thrive well on a variety of soils, if well drained and fertile. The cultivation should be thorough early in the season.
European varieties are of a large size and various colors. The green fruit is sent to the early markets and is profitable.
The best American gooseberries are superior to European sorts in productiveness, hardiness, quality and freedom from mildew; the curse of European varieties and their seedlings is mildew.
Mildew may be kept under control by frequent spraying with potassium sulphide. Bordeaux mixture is not recom- mended because it spots the fruit. After the fruit is gathered the Bordeaux mixture may be used against the leaf blight.
Chautauqua (European Type). A good grower, fruit large, pale green; quality good. (See cut.)
Downing (American). “The standard of excellence,” large, pale green and covered with a white bloom; best in flavor and quality; a strong grower, productive and healthy; valuable for market. »
Crown Bob (European). Large, round, ovate, red, hairy fruits, of the finest quality.
Josselyn. Good grower, fine foliage and a very profita- ble fruiter when compared with any other gooseberry in existence. The freest of all gooseberries from mildew, both in leaf and fruit.
Keepsake (European). The blossoms of this variety are well protected by foliage, so that it is sure to set good crops in any ordinary season. The berries are very large, pale yellow, of good flavor and ship well. Quite produc- tive.
Houghton (American). Fruit medium size, red, thin skinned, juicy, sweet and good in flavor and quality. Very productive.
Industry (European). Bush a strong grower, and the most productive of European varieties; fruit large, dark red, mild, sub-acid, sweet and good flavor; one of the best for market, either green or ripe.
Pearl. The most prolific gooseberry known. One bush produced 2,500 berries. It is free from mildew and is larger than the Downing. The color is light green and quality first class. Being thoroughly tested, we offer it as the best of its class yet grown.
Smith’s Improved (American). Color yellow, large, excellent quality, pulp sweet and good.
Whitesmith (European). Fruit large, smooth, thin skin and tender; color yellowish green; sweet and very good. A very desirable variety.
STRAWBERRIES
Plant strawberries early in the spring on fertile well manured land. For field culture plant in rows three feet apart and one foot in the rows, but for hand culture one foot by two will answer.
Mulching to keep the Fruit Clean. Before the fruit begins to ripen mulch the ground among the plants with short hay or straw. This will not only keep the fruit clean but will prevent the ground from drying and thus lengthen the fruiting season.
A bed will give two full crops and should then be spaded or plowed down, a new one in the meantime having been prepared to take its place.
Notice. Those sorts marked (P.) are pistillate and should have a row of some staminate variety planted near to insure proper fertilization and a crop.
LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS
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EARLY
Bederwood. An exceedingly valuable early straw- berry. Conceded to be one of the best early berries for home use and worthy of great praise. It is not only very early but immensely productive. The plant is faultless, of healthy, vigorous growth, and an enormous bearer, per- haps equal to any of the pistillate sorts in this respect. Berries are of large size, of regular, roundish form, light scarlet, of excellent quality, remaining in fruit a long time.
Clyde. Few strawberries have given better satisfac- tion in all parts of the country. It is one of the very best medium early varieties — it is a week earlier than Bubach, and very firm; large, bright scarlet berries of fine flavor. The plants are strong growers — deep rooting, stand drought well, free from rust and disease. It thrives particularly well during a dry season — with plenty of sun — bringing its fruit to maturity under surprisingly unfavorable conditions.
Crescent Seedling. P. Good size, a strong grower, very productive ; one of the best for market and garden.
Michel’s Early. The first variety to ripen here; berry medium to large, roundish, bright crimson, firm, fair quality; plant a strong grower and a good bearer. Valu- able on account of its earliness and productiveness. A fine sort to pollenize early pistillates.
Sharpless. One of the best strawberries in cultivation; has held its reputation better than any other variety. Possesses all the good qualities looked for in a straw- berry; the best variety for the home garden. A strong grower, productive and largest size.
Warfield. P. The Warfield is a great plant maker, covering the soil, with only fair treatment. The berries are deep glossy red and are very attractive in market, when well grown. It is red to the center, very firm and much sought for by canners. It has the record of produc- ing under test, the largest crop of any variety of straw- berry. To do its best, it must have rich, moist soil and good culture and the plants must be thinned somewhat.
MEDIUM
Bubach. P. A sterling old sort that combines many excellent qualities; great and uniform size, rich color and quality, extraordinary vigor and fruitfulness, fine foliage that endures the hottest suns. Season early to medium.
Dornan, or Uncle Jim. A western strawberry that is attracting much attention for its superior merits. Plants unusually robust, with large healthy, foliage. It is a remarkable drought resister and a reliable producer of extra large berries — very uniformly heart shaped — of a bright beautiful red color and of high quality.
Glen Mary. One of the best, if extraordinarily large size is wanted; good quality and heavy cropper. Can- not be surpassed for home garden and nearby markets. Berries broadly heart-shaped; color dark, glossy crimson; fairly firm and excellent,1 quality; plant strong and healthy.
Parson’s Beauty. A most valuable new early berry; very symmetrical and handsome in appearance; dark red color; foliage strong, rank, spotless and free from rust; heavy bearer and splendid market variety.
Senator Dunlap. This variety is recommended for the average person who wishes to grow strawberries and has had little experience. It is a very vigorous grower and the berries are of good flavor, good canners and excellent shippers. If given only ordinary care the yield will be large and the quality of fruit fair. If the runners are thinned and high culture is given, some of the finest fruits possible to grow can be produced of this variety.
LATE
Brandywine. One of the very reliable fruiting sorts that can be depended on for heavy crops on a variety of soils. Berries very large, broadly heart-shaped, bright red to the center; firm-fleshed and finely flavored. A valuable late berry.
Gandy. Large and firm berries, of uniform size and shape. On heavy, rich loams the plant is a marvel of vigor and fruitfulness. The best shipping, long-keeping strawberry, as late as the latest of well tested sorts.
Marshall. Berries are beautiful and average very large. It is peerless as an exhibition fruit and for home use. Invariably captures the prize wherever exhibited. Al- though of great size, the fruit is rarely ever mis-shapen. The color is a rich glossy crimson that everyone admires — the surface color running well into the flesh, and the quality is far above the average. As to productiveness, it will not yield as large a number of berries as some varieties, but when measured in quarts or bushels, will be above the average. The plant is faultless, a strong grower, often standing 20 to 22 inches high, rooting deeply and standing drought well. The large luxuriant foliage is sufficient to protect the blossom from late frosts.
Pride of Michigan. This is a very large, late straw- berry which is in great favor among the people of its native State, and highly recommended by many New York State growers.
Sample. P. A valuable, large, late variety which promises to be an important acquisition. Sample has scored such a marked success in many places that no progressive grower can afford not to plant some of it. The successful man is he who tests all really promising varieties and quickly finds those the most perfectly suited to his own soil, climate, etc., etc. .
Steven’s Late Champion. One of the best and most popular late varieties grown. Makes strong, vigorous plants which produce an abundance of fruit. Sends out a great many runners that take root quickly and cover the ground if not restrained. Fruit and blossoms well pro- tected by abundance of foliage. Fruit large, long, slightly flattened. Color is a deep red, the flesh being also red. It ripens all over and is very firm, being one of the best varieties to hold up after picking.
BUBACH STRAWBERRIES
24
BRECK-ROBIN SON NURSERY CO.
INSECTICIDES AND FUNGICIDES
In general terms: ARSENATE OF LEAD and PARIS GREEN are specifics for leaf eating insects.
KEROSENE EMULSION, TOBACCO, WHALE OIL, SOAP for sucking insects.
BORDEAUX MIXTURE and LIME SULPHUR for fungus
Arsenate of Lead, Swift’s. The safest and best insecticide for leaf-eating insects. If applied according to directions it will not injure the foliage; one pound to 10 gallons of water has been used on young, tender leaves without scorching or burning them, it .adheres to the foliage for weeks. It is white in color; sprayed foliage may thus be distinguished from unsprayed at a glance. It can be used with Bordeaux mixture. See directions on each package 1-lb. bottles, per lb. 20 cts. ; 2-lb. bottles, per lb. 19 cts. ; 5-lb. pails, per lb. 18 cts. ; 10-lb. pails, per lb. 16 cts.; 25-lb. pails, per lb. 15 cts.; 50-lb. kegs, per lb. 12 cts.; 100-lb. kegs, per lb. 10 cts.; 600-lb. bbls., per lb. 9 cts.
Lime and Sulphur Spray, Breck’s. The most widely used and recommended remedy for San Jose Scale. San Jose Scale is the worst pest of the 20th century. Our Agricultural Experiment Stations have recommended the use of Lime and Sulphur mixture as being generally satisfactory in preference to all other mixtures. Breck’s Lime and Sulphur Spray is offered as a convenient and most effective remedy for this pest. It is ready for use by simply adding water. No heating is necessary. Lime and Sulphur is also recommended for Peach Leaf Curl, Ground and Bitter Rot, Smuts, Scabs, Leaf Spot, etc. It is also an insecticide of value when used against the Caterpillar and Canker Worm, the larvae of the Codlin Moth and Bud Moth, and other pests. One gallon of Breck’s Lime and Sulphur Spray makes 20 gallons. Full directions with each package.
Prices, 1-qt. cans, 30 cts.; 1-gal. cans, 75 cts.; 5-gal. jacket cans, $2.25; 10-gal. jacket cans, $4.00; 25-gal. keg, $6.50; 50-gal. barrels, $12.00. Special price on large lots.
Soap, Spray, Imperial. This spray contains no mineral poisons, but does contain vegetable poisons, harmless to plants, but peculiarly effective against Red Spider on fruit, etc., Rose Bug, White, Black and Green Fly, Mealy Bug, l'hrip, Aphis, and other insect pests, on fruits, flowers and foliage. It sticks but can easily be washed off fruit before marketing. It does not spot leaves. Harmless to animals eating orchard grass. Largely used for general tree and shrub spraying against elm-leaf beetle, etc. Qt. 50 cts., gal. $1.50, 5-gal. can $6.00.
Soap, Fish Oil Soap and Potash. Breck’s Special. For the destruction of San Jose scale and all sucking insects. Lb. 15 cts.; 14 lb. bucket $1.50. Special prices on kegs and casks.
Soap Sulpho-Tobacco. (Patented). A superior insecticide and fertilizer. Non-injurious to the tenderest growth. Kills all insect life in the window-garden. Unsurpassed for rose bushes. For domestic purposes, it is valuable as an exterminator of moths, cockroaches, carpet bugs, and is a superior wash for dogs and all animals. Every insect will succumb to this insecticide. 3-oz. cake 10 cts., 8-oz. cake 20 cts.
Soap, Fir Tree Oil. This article contains no poison, yet it is quite effective in destroying Red Spider, Mealy Bug Aphis, etc. J^-lb. tin 25 cts., 2-lb. tin 75 cts.
“Target Brand” Scale Destroyer dilutes instantly in any kind of water and will not separate. It kills scale by suffocation, forming a very thin waxy film on the limbs and branches of the trees. Being perfectly neutral and containing no crude oil, it cannot injure the most delicate growth. It has no caustic action and cannot injure hands, eyes, body, clothing or spraying apparatus; also possesses no disagreeable odor.
Directions — Dilute 1 to 20 for winter treatment; 1 to 25 for fall and late spring treatment; 1 to 40 for summer treatment.
Prices, qt. 35 cts., l/2 gal. 65 cts., gal. $1.00, 5 gals. $3.75, 10 gals. $7.50, 25 gals. $1.4.00, 50 gal. bbl. $25.00.
Fir Tree Oil, Soluble. An invaluable preparation for destroying all insects and parasites that infest fruit trees plants and animals, whether on the foliage or at the roots of the plants. Per gal. $4.00; per qt. $1.25; pt. 75 cts.; yi. pt. 50 cts.
Hellebore, Breck’s Pure Powdered. We furnish a guaranteed pure article, ground from fresh roots. It is easily applied either in liquid or powder form, and destroys Currant Worms, Rose Slugs, etc. Each package has special direc- tions for its effective use. Packed in three sizes, air-tight packages, 10, 15, 25 cts. each.
Kerosene Emulsion, Acme Brand. This is a concentrated article for successful use against scale and all soft bodied sucking insects such as San Jose Scale, Plum Lecanium, etc. Dilute 10 to 12 times for plant lice and soft-bodied bugs. Use strong solution for scale insects. Pt. can 20 cts.; qt. can 35 cts.; gal. can 75 cts.; 5-gal. can $3.25.
Paris Green, Guaranteed Pure. This is the highest grade of Paris Green it is possible to make. It is manufactured from pure material and is always of uniform quality. Be careful of cheap greens and so-called new methods. These products are liable to burn and scorch the leaves, lb. 15 cts. ; x/2 lb. 20 cts. ; 1 lb. 35 cts. Subject to market changes.
Bordeaux Mixture, Dry, Acme Brand. Ready for use by simply adding water. Bordeaux Mixture, is, we believe, the best fungicide known, and is really a specific for the blight and other diseases attacking potatoes, tomatoes, grapes, apples, pears, etc. 1-lb. box makes 5 gallons spray, 25 cts.; 5-lb. box makes 25 gallons spray, $1.00; 25-lb. box for $4.25; 50-lb. box for $8.00; 100-lb. box for $15.00.
Bordeaux Mixture, Liquid, Acme Brand. We consider this the best concentrated Bordeaux Mixture on the market- One gallon makes 50 gallons of Bordeaux by simply adding 49 gallons of water. It does not clog the nozzle and adheres to the leaves. Full directions on cans for use. 1-qt. cans, 35 cts.; 1-gal. cans, $1.00; 5-gal. jacket for $4.50; 10-gal. for $8.00; 25-gal. for $18.00; 50-gal. bbl. for $34.00.
Creosote Mixture. This mixture is sure death to the eggs of the Gypsy Moth, Tussock Moth and similar insects. Made on the formula used for years, and recommended by the Massachusetts Gypsy Moth Committee. 1 qt. 20 cts.; 1 gal. 50 cts.
W. F. HUMPHREY, PRINTER, GENEVA, N. Y.
SPRAY PUMPS.
Fig. 1. Myers Bucket Brass Spray Pump. No. 327J4. Complete with hose, fine and coarse spray and solid stream nozzles . Mfrs. price, $4.00. Our net price, $2.75
Fig. 2. Breck’s Brass Hand Force and Spray Pump. No. 259. Our own design, adapted to all purposes and spraying. Complete with spray and solid stream nozzles . Mfrs. price, $5.50 Our net price, $3.75
Fig. 3. No. 3B Auto Spray Pump. Galvanized tank, capacity 8 gallons. Complete with 8 ft. hose, 8 ft. pipe extension, mechanical agitator and Vermorel nozzle.
Mfrs. price, $21.00 . Our net price, $14.00
Fig. 4. Myers Double Acting Barrel Spray Pump. No. 310. Very powerful and suited for heavy work. Complete with large air chamber, mechanical agitator, suction pipe and strainer, can be used for one or two lines of hose. Hose nozzles and extension pipes additional; barrel not in- cluded . Mfrs. price, $13.10 Our net price, $8.75 Fig. 5. The O. K. Spray Pump. No. 308. Can be used on the side or top of any ordinary barrel. Has submerged cylinder and is capable of maintaining with ease a heavy pressure. Fitted for one or two lines of hose. Hose nozzles, extension pipes, etc., additional ; barrel not in- cluded . Mfrs. price, $20.00 Our net price, $13.35 Fig. 6. The Century Spray Pump. No. 645-1. Can be used on the side or top of barrel. The cylinder is sub- merged, has large air chamber ; a great favorite with fruit growers. Y connections for one or two lines of hose fur- nished with pump. Hose nozzles and extension pipes additional ; barrel not included.
Mfrs. price, $16.88 . Our net price, $1 1.25
Fig. 7. Myers Paint and Spray Pump. No. 334A. For painting or whitewashing buildings, etc., or spraying large orchards. Complete with pressure gauge, 6 ft. suction hose, two Bordeaux nozzles and two pipe extensions. Hose additional. Mfrs. price, $30.00 Our net price, $20.00. Fig. 8. Bonanza D. A. Spray Pump. No. 614-2. The best spray pump of large capacity made. Brass ball valves and guided piston rod. Fitted with 8 ft. 1% in. wire-lined suction hose, two Y connections for hose. One, two, three or four lines can be used. Hose nozzles and extension pipes additional. As shown in cut, Fig. 8.
Mfrs. price, $45.00 . Our net price, $30.00
Fig. 9. Copper Knapsack Sprayer. No. 331. Complete as shown in cut No. 9.
Mfrs. price, $16.00 . Our net price, $1 1.67
Fig. 10. Four Row Spraying Attachment. No. 1105. Cut shows this attachment as used on an ordinary wagon. We furnish this attachment complete, less barrel, pump and wagon. Mfrs. price, $12.50 Our net price, $8.35
iSPRft.1
Wmki
....
A great variety of Spray Nozzles and Fittings for Spray Pumps carried in stock. Catalog mailed on application,,
NOTE: If interested in other forms of Compressed Air or Power Sprayers, accessories, etc., write for our large Hardware Catalog, which is mailed free upon request. In it is listed a most complete line of Agricultural Implements and Hardware.
Books and Catalogues
PUBLISHED BY THE
Breck Organizations
There are few cultivators or householders to whom some one of the following named publications would not be of value. They are issued in connection with our extensive business, and we gladly mail any of them free on request.
Illustrated General Catalogue of Orna- mental Trees, Shrubs, Roses, Flowers, Landscape Design and Planting
Special Fruit Catalog (This one)
Annual Catalogue and Gardeners’ Guide
Published in January
Holland Bulbs and Plants
Published in September
The Lawn, The Garden
New Method Sweet Pea Culture
Points for Poultry Raisers
Success With House Plants
Catalogue of Agricultural and Horticul- tural Implements, Machines, Dairy Supplies, Woodenware, Etc.
It is the most complete and best illustrated catalog of these kinds of goods published in the United States. It contains about 300 large pages (8J4 x 11^4), nearly 2000 illustrations, and is in fact the result of our experience covering a period of over three-quarters of a century. We forward it free to customers; to others on receipt of 15 cents to cover cost of transportation.