Historic, Archive Document
i
Do not assume content reflects current scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.
it JAN 3 1 19:
U. S. Department cf Ai
_ _ u.B. JJsna:::
CHRISTOPHER
NURSERIES
JOHN A. STEWART and SON, Props,
Nurserymen for Four Generations
L^Ul'8.
Fruit Trees , Small Fruit Vines and Plants Nut and Shade Treesy Flowering Shrubs Evergreens , Climbing Plants and Roses
50 MINUTES ON P. S. E. RY.
FROM SEATTLE OR TACOMA
Christopher, (King County) Washington
To Our Patrons and Friends
Thanking you sincerely for your past patronage and kind favors, we again solicit your trade and will endeavor to make our dealings both pleasant and profitable. We feel con- fident in soliciting your continued patronage that you will be well pleased with our trees and the satisfactory results of the same. The varieties of trees here offered for sale are well grown and will compare most favorably with any first-class nursery stock raised on this Coast. It is not our intention to give you an extensive list of varieties, but to offer you only standard kinds which can be relied upon. A few of the more important varieties are described briefly and which we can highly recommend as more particularly adapted to this section of the state. It is our aim to have all the trees true to name without exception. We have been over thirty years in the state of Washington engaged in the fruit and tree business, and we feel confident that our judgment of the different varieties may be de- pended upon.
Thanking you for past favors, we are,
Yours respectfully,
John A. Stewart and Son.
LOCATION, ETC
These Nurseries are located in the fertile valley of the White River, in King County and about twenty miles distant from Seattle. Our shipping facilities are first class, being quite close to the depot of the Northern Pacific Railway, the Chicago, Milwaukee & Puget Sound Railway, and the cars of the Interurban Electric Road between Tacoma and Seattle pass every hour within a quarter of a mile.
TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE
Terms are cash. We will not be held responsible for goods after their delivery in good condition to the shipping agent. The greatest possible care is taken to have trees true to name; still, upon proof otherwise, it is mutually agreed between the purchaser and our- selves that the guarantee of genuineness shall in no case make us liable for any sum greater than that received for such tree which may prove untrue. In ordering give your name and address, plainly written, and the size and age of the trees wanted. Goods will be forwarded by freight train unless otherwise stated. State definitely what route you want your trees shipped. Send cash with order by P. O. Money Order, Bank Draft, or by Registered Letter. However, we will accept orders for $10 worth or more and ship C. O. D. if the order is accompanied by satisfactory reference.
MANY COMPLIMENTS FOR OUR TREES.
What you save by buying unacclimated trees or poorly prepared trees, carelessly bud- ded or grafted trees or cheap trees, made cheap by any haphazard or hasty preparation, may be overbalanced a thousand times in your first crop. We sell our trees lower by 25 to 50 per cent, because our regular shipments are what the ordinary nurseryman calls extra-selected. Yet with our extra quality we charge not a penny more, and in some cases even less, than other Pacific Northwest nurserymen. We court the fullest investigation of this strong claim. Read what Commissioner of Horticulture F. A. Huntley wrote in an unsolicited letter:
“It would afford me pleasure to reply favorably at any time to any inquiries regarding your nursery. I have had occasion many times to answer such inquiries about your nurs- ery, and upon your excellent records as a nurseryman I have been pleased to recommend you. Very truly yours,
F. A. HUNTLEY, Commissioner of Horticulture,”
CHRISTOPHER NURSERIES, JOHN A. STEWART & SON, PROPRIETORS
Apple Trees a Specialty
Apple trees are beyond doubt the most important and useful fruit trees grown. Apples are one of the healthiest fruits known, supplying the system with substances not found in any other article of food. Good apples at any season of the year have always a never- failing market. The returns per acre may not be so large as with some other kind of fruit, still the profits are just as certain and the demand equally as great. There is not that technical knowledge required, neither the expense which one meets in preparing other fruits for the market. Too little attention is being given to the planting of the apple by the orchardist of the present day, and we would predict large returns to those who will plant extensively of this most useful fruit.
Special Varieties of Apples
Black Ben Davis — One of the handsomest apples. Large, dark red; flesh white, crisp, tender and juicy; excellent quality. Its high color makes it a valuable apple for fancy trade. Hardy.
Delicious — One of the best of the good sorts; large, somewhat conical; a brilliant red shading to golden yellow at the tip; flesh white, sweet, slightly acid, very fra- grant; a good keeper; the tree is strong and vigorous and very productive.
Glowing Coal — Very large, fiery red, free from anthracnose; fine flavor, delicious. Sea- son same as Gravenstein, but will keep until February.
King David — One of the most beautiful apples grown ; medium to large ; color a deep rich red, striped with very dark red.
Tree healthy, hardy, vigorous grower and a heavy bearer.
"Winter Banana — Fruit large size, perfect in form ; golden yellow and beautifully shaded and marbled with bright crimson red. Flesh lemon yellow, fine grained, sub- acid, rich, aromatic flavor and of the high- est quality. A good keeper. Its early bear- ing is something simply wonderful, gener- ally producing a fine crop of fruit the sec-
ond year. Foliage large .and free from blight or mildew. A valuable market variety. November to May.
Winterstein — One of Luther Burbank’s new creations; a seedling of Gravenstein, with a most delicious flavor ; keeps with
Delicious.
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FRUIT TREES, SMALL FRUITS, NUT AND SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES
Stayman’s Winesap.
the Baldwin and R. I. Greening; flesh yel- lowish; exceedingly tender; flavor spicy, rich, sub-acid; color bright red in stripes; tree vigorous grower; remarkable bearer; fruits every year; the best.
"Wismer's Dessert — Size medium to large; smooth, beautifully colored with yellow, shaded with bright red, in stripe and blotches, marked with russet dots; exquis- itely delicious flavor, juicy, melting, buttery, pear-like texture. Tree a strong grower and extremely hardy; originated in Northern Ontario, Canada. Season November to April.
Winter Varieties
Aiken — Red Winter apple; prolific and early bearer and good grower; superior to Baldwin and about the same size as Jona- than. Exhibited at the State Agricultural Society of Illinois and was the most praise- worthy among the 600 varieties shown.
Arkansas or Mammoth Black Twig — A seedling of Winesap, but excels it in every important point ; a better and much stronger grower, hardier, and the fruit much larger, often measuring 12 inches in circumference; color even a darker red; flesh firmer; fla- vor milder, but fully equal. Remarkably hardy and a long keeper.
Arkansas Black — Large, round or slightly conical; regular, smooth and glossy; yellow where not covered with deep crimson, al- most black ; flesh very yellow, firm, fine grained, juicy; flavor sub-acid, pleasant, rich.
Baldwin — Large, roundish, deep bright red; juicy, crisp, sub-acid; good flavor, very productive, handsome fruit. December to February. Has been proven to be one of the best, if not the best, for this climate.
Ben Davis (N. Y. Pippin) — Fruit medium to large, roundish; skin yellowish, splashed and striped and almost covered with red; flesh white, tender, moderately juicy, sub- acid. Tree very hardy; a free grower, com- ing into bearing early and very productive. Very popular. November to March.
Dutch Mignonne — A very beautiful and excellent apple. A native of Holland. Large, smooth, round, orange streaked with red; fine flavored and one of the best, both for drying and the table. November to March.
Bismarck — In respect to its early fruiting habit, the most remarkable apples ever in- troduced. One-year grafts frequently pro- duce fruit, and two-year trees seldom fail. Originated in New Zealand; has been tested in nearly every apple-growing country and promises to succeed wherever apples can be grown, proving healthy, hardy, productive and without a rival in its early-fruiting quality; tree of short, stocky growth; thick, healthy foliage; makes beautiful specimens grown in pots for decorative purposes; fruit large, handsome, shaded red cheeks; flesh tender, sub-acid, pleasant; good for dessert; superior for cooking; will keep well into winter.
English Russet — This is a most valuable, long-keeping variety. It is good the first of January, and will keep until July, and no apple, to our taste, has a richer flavor. It is medium size, but smooth, firm, crisp and rich, and never loses its richness to the last.
Esopus Spitzenburg — The Esopus Spitzen- burg is a handsome and delicious apple and is unsurpassed as a dessert fruit by any
Jonathan.
CHRISTOPHER NURSERIES, JOHN A. STEWART & SON, PROPRIETORS
other variety. It always brings the high- est price in the market. Tree a good grower, but rather tender. December to February.
Grimes' Golden Pippin — Fruit medium, rich golden yellow; flesh compact, crisp, tender, juicy, rich, spicy, sub-acid; flavor very good. December to March.
Jonathan — Fruit medium, roundish, skin yellow, nearly covered with dark or lively red; fine grained, very tender and finely flavored. October to December. Good mar- ket variety.
McIntosh Red — Fruit about medium; skin smooth whitish yellow, covered with dark, rich red; flesh white, very firm, very ten- der, juicy, mild, sub-acid and of best qual- ity. November to February.
Northern Spy — Fruit large ; skin greenish yellow, striped and splashed with dark crim- son; flesh fine grained, tender, sub-acid. One of the best. December to January. Tree rather late in bearing.
Olympia — Red winter variety ; an im- proved type of Baldwin, originated at Olympia, Wash., and is being planted exten- sively by those in that vicinity who know its merits.
Rhode Island Greening — Large, greenish yellow, tender, juicy and rich, with rather an acid flavor. Grows strong and spread- ing and an abundant bearer. December to April.
Rome Beauty — Long, striped with bright red and yellow; flesh tender, juicy, spright- ly; sub-acid. December to February.
Rome Beauty.
Wagener — A beautiful, rich apple, with fine flesh ; a good keeper and a great bearer ; color bright red and yellow striped. No- vember to March.
Yellow Bellflower — Fruit large size, ob- long, skin rich yellow; flesh tender, very juicy, with a sprightly flavor. Tree vigor- ous, with drooping branches. December to February.
Yellow Newtown Pippin — Medium to large size; yellow, with a blush on the ex- posed side; flesh very fine, crisp, juicy, with an agreeable flavor. December to June.
Wolf River.
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FRUIT TREES, SMALL FRUITS, NUT AND SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES
Other W inter Varieties
Stayman's Winesap Talman Sweet Winesap Blue Pearmain
t^Roxbury Russett ^ Wolf River ♦<* Oregon Red Winter ^Ortley
Fall Varieties
Duchess of Oldenberg — Of Russian origin. Large size, roundish, streaked with red and yellow; flesh white, juicy, sub-acid. Tree a vigorous growep; hardy, good. September.
Fameuse, or Snow Apple — Medium, round- ish, oblate, whitish ground striped with light and deep red; flesh very white, juicy and pleasant. November and December.
Gravenstein — A superb looking German apple, which originated in Gravenstein, in Holstein, and is thought one of the best apples in Northern Europe. It fully sus- tains its reputation here and is a fruit of first-class quality. Tree very vigorous, very
productive and an early bearer. Skin green- ish yellow and striped with red. The best early Fall apple. September and October.
King of Tompkins County — Very large and beautiful; red striped; sub-acid, ten- der and rich. Very productive. One of the best.
Waxen — Medium to large; color light waxen yellow. One of the best for drying and cooking. A good bearer and one of the healthiest of trees. No orchard should be without it.
Wealthy — Medium size, roundish, whitish yellow, shaded with deep, rich crimson in the sun; flesh white, fine grained, tender, juicy, vinous, sub-acid. A valuable acqui- sition of good quality and great hardiness.
Other Fall Varieties
Alexander Bailey Sweet
Summer Varieties
Hyslop Crab.
RedAstrachan — Large, roundish, nearly covered with deep crimson, overspread with a thick bloom; juicy, rich, acid, beautiful. The tree is a vigorous grower, with large foliage and is a fair bearer. From 1st to 15th of August.
Yellow Transparent — The earliest and best. Skin clear white, changing to pale yellow; when fully ripe flesh white, tender, juicy, sprightly, sub-acid. Good early bearer.
Liveland Raspberry — Large, pinkish color, good texture; a good apple for this section.
Other Summer Varieties
Sweet Bough William's Favorite
Jeffries Golden Sweet
Tetofski ^ Red June
Crab Apples
Whitney
Martha
Other Varieties
Strawberry Crab Red Siberian
Hyslop — Fruit large, produced in clusters, roundish, ovate; dark, rich red, covered with a thick blue bloom; very beautiful; flesh yellowish, sub-acid. September.
Transcendent — This is one of the best of early Autumn varieties. Fruit medium to large, roundish, oblong, flattened at its ends, slightly but regularly ribbed, golden yel- low, with a rich crimson red cheek in the sun; flesh creamy yellow, sub-acid. Early Autumn.
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CHRISTOPHER NURSERIES, JOHN A. STEWART & SON, PROPRIETORS
Buerre Easter — Large, pale yellow, sprin- kled with round dots; often dull red cheek; quality good. One of the bes.t winter pears.
Crocker Bartlett (New) — Originated by L. L. Crocker, Loomis, Cal., who gives the following description: “Ripens January and February. It is preferable to the Standard Bartlett; better flavored; about the same size; very juicy and melting; high golden color and a prolific bearer; trees never over- load, although they bear heavy every year. The Crocker Bartlett pears are picked in October and laid away same as winter ap- ples until about January, when they mel- low up and are delicious; very hardy. Will ship to England and back if required. It has proven to be blight-proof and -has stood the test for the past ten years. Out of 3,000 young bearing Crocker Bartlett trees in my orchard I offer a liberal reward for any sign of blight on them.”
Kennedy (New) — Originated by General John Bidwell on Rancho Chico, Butte County, Cal.; superior to Bartlett or Winter Nellis; would be classed as a winter variety in Northern sections; hardy, vigorous grow- ing tree; bears well; undoubtedly a most valuable new pear.
Winter Bartlett — This fine pear originated in Eugene, Ore. Fruit large and perfectly smooth; flesh tendere, juicy and melting. November to December.
Anjou.
■tJctrueu.
Other Varieties
Duchess Bordeau President Druard
P. Barry Flemish Beauty
Vicar of Winkfield Lincoln Coreless
Winter Nellis
Fall Pears
Anjou — Large, greenish yellow, sprinkled with russet, and sometimes has a red cheek; flesh whitish, melting. As good as Bartlett. November to December.
Angouleme — Very large, dull yellow; but- tery, rich, juicy and excellent. Tree up- right grower; very vigorous and productive. October and November.
Clairgeau — Very large, dull yellow, red cheeked; fine, melting, high flavored. Very productive. An excellent variety.
Doyenne du Comice — Large, yellow, with a crimson and fawn cheek and russet dots; melting, rich, perfumed and luscious; tree vigorous and productive; a pear of qiuch promise. October and November.
Other Varieties
Idaho Howell Fall Butter
Louise Bon de Jersey Buerre Bose
Summer Pears
Bartlett — Large, yellow, fine grained, juicy, buttery, with a high aromatic flavor. Grows very thrifty, bears young and very profusely. This fine pear has no competi- tor as a market fruit. August and September.
Clapp's Favorite — Fruit large, skin thin, pale lemon yellow, sprinkled with brown dots. Very good. Earlier than Bartlett.
Other Varieties
Worden Seckel Seckel
Pears
Winter Pears
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FRUIT TREES, SMALL FRUITS, NUT AND SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES
Dwarf Fruit Trees in Apple and Pear
There is becoming a growing demand for Dwarf Trees and during the past seasons we have budded pears on quince stock and apples on English Paradise for this purpose. We have one and two-year-old trees of the varieties named.
Dwarf Apples
Gravenstein Grimes' Golden Pippin
King of Tompkins Northern Spy
Wagener 4- Wilbanks' Favorite
iS Y' ellow Transparent
Dwarf Pears
Anjou Bartlett
Comice Clapp's Favorite
Duchess of Angouleme Winter Bartlett
*■ Winter Nellis
Early Richmond,
Cherries
Black Tartarian — Very large, bright pur- plish black; juicy, very rich; excellent fla- vor. Tree a vigorous grower and produc- tive. June.
Bing — This is the largest and finest of any of the black cherries. The fruit is rich, sweet and firm. A good shipper. Last of J une.
Black Republican — Very large, maroon, solid, sweet flavor. A good shipper. Late.
Early Richmond (Kentish) — Medium size; red, juicy, sprightly, acid flavor. This is one of the most valuable and popular of acid cherries and is unsurpassed for cook- ing purposes. Tree a slender grower, with roundish, spreading head and is exceedingly productive. The most hardy of all varie- ties, uninjured by the coldest winters. Rip- ens through June.
English Morello — Medium to large, black- ish red; rich, acid, juicy and good; very productive. August.
Governor Wood — Rich, light yellow with red cheek; juicy and sweet. Very early.
Lambert — Size very large; form roundish, heart shaped; stem long, slender; surface smooth, glossy; color dark purplish red; flesh dark purplish red, meaty and of firm texture; semi-cling, small stone for so large a fruit. Flavor sweet or very mild sub-acid, aromatic, rich ; quality very good. The com- ing cherry.
Late Duke — Large, light red; late and fine. Last of July.
May Duke — Large, red, juicy and rich ; an old, excellent variety; vigorous and produc- tive. Middle of June.
Royal Ann (or Napoleon Bigarreau) — A beautiful cherry of the largest size, becom- ing amber in the shade, richly dotted and spotted with deep red and with a bright red cheek; flesh very firm, juicy and sweet. Tree a strong grower and an enormous bearer.
Other Varieties
Windsor - Montmorency
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CHRISTOPHER NURSERIES, JOHN A. STEWART & SON, PROPRIETORS
Peaches and Apricots
Y
Peaches
Alexander's Early (Alexander)— Medium size; skin greenish white, nearly covered with rich red; flesh melting, juicy, sweet; tree vigorous and productive; fruit ripens two weeks earlier than Hale’s Early.
Crawford's Early — A magnificent large, yellow peach of good quality. Tree vigor- ous and very productive. Its fine size, beauty and productiveness make it one of the most popular sorts; no other variety has been so extensively planted.
Early Columbia — A good new variety ; large, early, perfect free-stone; beautiful dark red in color; fine flavor and good ship- per.
Elberta — Very early shipping peach. It is a large, yellow, free-stone, with red cheek; flesh yellow, juicy and high-flavored. One of the best varieties known.
Foster — Large, deep orange-red, becoming very dark on the sunny side; flesh yellow, very rich and juicy with sub-acid flavor. Ripens with Early Crawford. Very hand- some.
Hale's Early - — Medium size; greenish white, with red cheek; first quality. Tree healthy, good grower, productive. One of the earliest good peaches we have.
Triumph — One of the best to plant on Puget Sound. Flowers late, and spring frosts do not kill so badly.
Triumph.
Apricots
Blenheim — Large, oval, flesh full to the pit; yellow, rich and juicy; ripens evenly and soon after the Royal; regular and pro- lific bearer; profitable for canning, drying and marketing.
h'-' Moorpark — One of the largest; orange, with a red cheek; firm, juicy, with a rich flavor; very productive. August.
.Royal — Large, oval, slightly compressed;
^yellow, with orange cheek; faintly tinged with red; flesh pale orange, firm and juicy, with a rich vinous flavor; exceedingly pro- ductive. July.
Alexander’s Early.
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Elberta.
FRUIT TREES, SMALL FRUITS, NUT AND SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES
Plums
Abundance — Of Japanese origin. Fruit large and beautiful; amber turning to a rich bright cherry; flesh light yellow, juicy, tender, sweet; exceedingly productive; sea- • son very early.
Bradshaw — Very large, oval, ovate. Skin reddish purple, covered with a light blue bloom. Yellow, juicy, brisk, pleasant fla- vor. August.
Burbank (Japan)— Tree a vigorous grow- er, early and very heavy bearer; fruit very large, yellowish ground, with red cheeks in the sun; flesh yellow, firm and very sweet when fully ripe; extremely small pit, which clings. Middle of June.
Coe's Golden Drop — Large and handsome ; light yellow; firm, rich, sweet; one of the best of late plums. Last of September.
Columbia — Fruit of the largest size, six or seven inches in circumference, nearly globular. Skin brownish purple, dotted with numerous fawn-colored specks. Flesh orange, not very juicy, but when at full maturity very rich, sugary and excellent. Last of August.
Green Gage — Small, considered the stand- ard of excellence. Middle of August.
Peach — Very large and handsome, good flavor. Red, flesh yellow, juicy and high flavor. Early.
Maynard — New Burbank’s Special. Large, purple, sweet and highly flavored. Ripens July.
Reine Claude de Bavey — Large, greenish yellow, spotted with red; firm, juicy, sug- ary, and of fine quality; very productive. September.
Wickson — Originated with Mr. Luther Burbank of Santa Rosa, Cal., and consid- ered by him to be among the best of the Japan plums; the tree is a strong, vigor- ous, upright grower; in ripening the color changes from a deep cherry red to a rich claret; flesh amber, very juicy; pit is small; the flavor is striking and agreeable; a valu- able shipping plum.
-^Yellow Egg — A very large and beautiful egg-shaped yellow plum; a little coarse, but excellent for cooking. Tree a free grower and very productive. End of August.
Prunes
Hungarian or Pond's Plum — Very large and beautiful and very attractive. Color red; a fine shipping and canning prune; worthless for drying. September.
Italian (Fallenburg) — An excellent prune; oval, purple; flesh juicy and delicious; parts from the stone; fine for drying. Tree very productive. September.
"Pacific — Originated at Mt. Tabor, Ore- gon. Tree hardy; borne abundantly since three years ago. Fruit free-stone, very large and handsome. Flavor the finest; rich, sug- ary and luscious. A good shipper.
Petite D'Agen (French Prune) — The well- known variety so extensively planted for
CHRISTOPHER NURSERIES, JOHN A* STEWART & SON, PROPRIETORS
PRUNES — Continued
drying; medium size; reddish purple, juicy, sugary, rich and sweet; bears immense crops. September.
Silver — Originated in Oregon and is said to be a seedling from Coe’s Golden Drop, which it very much resembles; is much more productive and tree more vigorous. The fruit, on account of its large size, is ranked among the most valuable for drying. October.
Sugar Prune — An extremely early prune, ripens August first; cures superbly; rich, with yellow flesh, tender and rich in sugar juice. Skin very tender, at first of a light purple, tinted with green, changing at ma- turity to dark purple, covered with a thick white bloom.
Quinces
Apple or Orange — Large, roundish, bright yellow, cooks tender and is of very excels lent flavor. Valuable for preserves or fla- voring; very productive. The most popular and extensively cultivated of the old varie- ties. October.
Champion — Fruit very large, fair and handsome. Tree very handsome, surpass- ing other varieties in this respect ; bears abundantly while young; flesh cooks as ten- der as an apple, and without hard spots or cores; flavor delicate, imparting an exqui- site quince taste and odor to any fruit with which it is cooked. The most valuable of all.
Rea’s Mammoth — A seedling of the Orange Quince; one-third larger, of the same form and color; fair, handsome; equally as good and said to be as produc- tive. Tree a hardy and healthy grower.
Grapes
Concord — A large, handsome grape, ripen- ing a week or two earlier than Isabella; very hardy -and productive. Succeeds over a great extent of country and although not of the highest quality, it is one of the most popular market grapes.
Moore’s Early — A large black grape of the Concord type, the entire crop ripening be- fore the Concord; bunches medium, berries large, with blue bloom; flesh pulpy, of me- dium quality. Vine hardy, moderately pro- ductive.
Moore’s Diamond — White, very hardy; healthy and vigorous; ripens from two to four weeks earlier than the Concord.
Niagara— A magnificent white grape and very valuable for both garden and vineyard;
Moore’s Early.
a rank grower and very productive of beau- tiful bunches of the largest size; berries large with a tough skin; q.iality good; rip- ens about with Concord.
Worden — This variety is a seedling of Concord, which it greatly resembles in ap- pearance and flavor, but the berries are larger, the fruit is better flavored and ripens several days earlier.
Gooseberries
Champion — Fruit medium size, round; an immense bearer, and entirely free from mil- dew. The best.
Industry- — This is said to be the best English gooseberry yet introduced. It is of vigorous, upright growth; a great cropper. The berries are of the largest size; dark red, hairy, rich and agreeable.
Josselyn (Red Jacket) — An American seedling of large size; smooth, prolific and hardy, of best quality. Has been well tested over a wide extent of territory by the side of all leading varieties, and so far the more free from mildew, both in leaf and fruit, of them all. A wonderful cropper with bright, clean, healthy foliage.
Downing — Fruit large, round, light green with distinct veins; juicy and fine flavored. One of the most valued of the AmeHean sorts.
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FRUIT TREES, SMALL FRUITS, NUT AND SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES
Currants
Black Naples — Very large, black, rich, tender, and excellent for jellies and wine; very productive.
Cherry — Large, deep red, rather acid; bunches short. Plants erect, stout, vigor- ous and productive.
/ FayV Prolific — Originated in Chautauqua County, N. Y. A cross between Cherry and Victoria. Of large size, fine flavor, and claimed to be five times as prolific as the Cherry. A great acquisition.
Perfection — A fine red currant; certainly a great improvement on the older varieties.
- Victoria — A splendid variety, ripening- two or three weeks later than the others, and continuing in a fine condition for a long period. Bunches extremely long, ber- ries of medium size; brilliant red and of highest quality.
White Grape — Very large, yellowish white ; sweet, of very mild acid; excellent quality and valuable for the table. The finest of the white sorts. Very distinc from White Dutch, having a low spreading habit and dark green foliage. Very productive.
Blackberries
/^Evergreen — A strong-growing late variety of trailing or climbing habit. Retains its foliage through the winter. A heavy pro- ducer of good-sized berries.
Himalaya Giant — A strong, rampant grower, producing canes 20 feet in length, and a heavy cropper. The berries are of medium size, borne in large clusters, deli- ciously sweet, melting, with no core. Sea- son, August to November.
Kittatinny — Large berry, black, sweet, soft when black, very hardy; ripens up gradually, like the Lawtc.i.
Lawton (New Rochelle) — The well-known market variety.
Lucretia Dewberry — As hardy as Snyder; as productive as any. The berries are far larger and incomparably better than any blackberry, and of unequaled excellence ; soft, sweet and luscious throughout; of the brightest black color.
f Mead or Snyder — Extremely hardy; enor- mous bearer. The fruit is as large as the sour core; half as many thorns as Lawton or Kittatinny.
Mammoth — The largest blackberry known; very good; trailing vine.
Logan Berry — Strong grower and an enor- mous bearer. The fruit is . s large as the largest size blackberry, of the same form and shape. A dark, bright red color when fully ripe, and combines the flavor of both the raspberry and the blackberry, having a mild and very pleasant flavor not found in any other fruit. Raw, it is excellent for the table, as also stewed, and for jelly or jam it is without an equal. Fruit ripens early, the bulk being gone before the black- berries or raspberries become plentiful. Is firm and a fine shipper.
Phenomenal — Berry like the Logan, but better. Not so sour. Burbank’s creation.
Perfection.
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CHRISTOPHER NURSERIES, JOHN A* STEWART & SON, PROPRIETORS
Brandywine.
Strawberries
Clark's Seedling or Hood River — S. One of the best shipping varieties grown; medium size, fine color, good quality and moderately productive. It commands the highest mar- ket price.
Brandywine — S. Late; deep red; fine per- fect flowers.
Gold Dollar — S. New. Very early; coni- cal in shape.
Magoon — S. One of the best on the list. Late in the season; very prolific, running four quarts to the plant. Very firm. Next to Clark’s Seedling as a shipping berry. Kept well on bushes several days during rain, with very little loss, when other ber- ries were ruined.
Marshall — S. Late in season; plants strong and vigorous, with heavy, thick foli- age protecting the blossoms. Fruit very large, fine flavor; very firm. Good ship- per. Equals Sharpless in productiveness.
S — Signifies perfect flowering varieties.
Raspberries
* Cuthbert (The Queen of the Market) — Large, conical, deep rich crimson; firm, of excellent quality. A vigorous grower, en- tirely hardy and immensely productive. “I regard it as the best raspberry for general culture.” — Chas. Downing. Now regarded by careful and experienced agriculturists as the best raspberry in existence for general cultivation.
p/ Red Antwerp — Earlier than the Cuth- bert; large and excellent berry. A good old standard sort.
St* Regis — The St. Regis Everbearing Raspberry bears the first season. Unlike any other raspberry, the St. Regis yields a crop of fruit the season it is planted. Plants of it planted in early April gave ripe ber-
ries on June 20th of the same year. For four weeks thereafter, the yield was heavy and the canes continued to produce ripe fruit freely without intermission, until the middle of October. The berries were large and beautiful, firm and full flavored to the very last. St. Regis Everbearing Raspberry was awarded a certificate of merit by The American Institute, September 20. 1910.
Black Cap Varieties
Gregg — Of good size, fine quality; very productive and hardy. It takes the same position among the black caps as the Cuth- bert among the red sorts. No one can ^fford to be without it.
Cumberland — Very large and firm; a good shipper. One of the best.
Rhubarb or Pie Plant
This deserves to be ranked among the best early products of the garden. It af- fords the earliest material for fine pies and fresh table sauce. Continues long in use and is valuable for canning. Make the ground rich and deep and thus secure a more tender growth.
Victoria — Very large and valuable for market.
Mammoth — Very large and productive; also a good market variety.
Asparagus
This earliest and finest of spring vege- tables is among the easiest cultivated, and most profitable. A bed once planted suf- fers no deterioration for thirty years or more if properly tended to and well ma- nured.
Conover’s Colossal — This variety is much superior in size and quality to any other, being remarkably tender and fine flavored.
White Mammoth,
12
FRUIT TREES, SMALL FRUITS, NUT AND SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES
Avenue of Elms.
Ornamental Nut and Shade Trees
Acer Negunda Variegata — A beautiful or- namental tree, with white variegated leaves.
Chestnut, American Swe^t (Castanea Americana) — A well-known forest and nut- bearing tree, of great value for ornamental purposes. This tree is now receiving great attention, and being widely and extensively planted for profit as well as ornament.
Horse Chestnut — A very beautiful well- known tree, with round, dense head, dark green foliage and an abundance of showy flowers in early spring.
Birch (Betula) — European white. A fine tree of moderate size, with silver bark and slender branches.
Cut-Leaved Birch — An elegant ornamental tree for lawns.
Catalpa — A native of the South. A rapid growing beautiful tree, with very large heart-shaped leaves and pyramidal clusters of white and purple flowers late in July.
Elm (Elmus) — American white. The noble, spreading, drooping tree of our own woods. One of the grandest and hardiest of park or street trees.
Flowering Cherry — Large clusters of dou- ble pink and white flowers; very fine.
Linden (Tilia) — American. A rapid- growing, beautiful native tree with very large leaves and fragrant flowers.
Maple (Norway) — A native of Europe. Its large, compact habit, broad, deep green foliage and its vigorous growth render it one of the most desirable species for streets, parks and lawns.
Mountain Ash (European) — A fine, hardy tree; head dense and regular; covered from July until wTinter with large clusters of bright red berries.
Horse Chestnut.
13
CHRISTOPHER NURSERIES, JOHN A* STEWART & SON, PROPRIETORS
Plane or Buttonwood (Sycamore) — Makes a fine shade tree; large leaves; rapid growth and symmetrical habit.
Poplar (Lombardy) — Well known for its erect, rapid growth and commanding form; very desirable in large ground and along roads to break the average height and form of other trees.
Carolina Poplar — A rapid grower; makes a fine shade tree.
Purple Plum (Primus Pissardi) — A beau- tiful purple-leaved ornamental tree.
Tulip Tree (Liriodendron Tulipifera) — A magnificent native tree with broad, glossy, fiddle-shaped leaves and tulip-like flowers;
allied to the Magnolias, and, like them, dif- ficult to transplant, unless of small size.
White Walnut (Butternut) — The cultiva- tion of this sort, so highly prized in the Eastern states, has been neglected here. It is a beautiful growing tree and yields nuts of rough, hard shell, within which, how- ever, are full, white kernels, sweet, rich, of marked though most delicate flavor.
English Walnut — Too well-known to need description. Being generally raised from the seed, there is a great variation in the size and flavor of the, fruit, thickness of the shell and fertility of the trees.
V arieties — Franquette, Mayette.
Deutzia, Pride of Rochester.
Deciduous Flowering Shrubs
Althea or Rose of Sharon (Hibiscus) — Fine flowering shrubs of various colors.
Azalea, Mollis — Showy, hardy plants ; used extensively in parks and public grounds. The brilliancy of their flowers is not approached by anything in the line of hardy shrubs. Excellent for the front of borders or clumps of taller-growing shrubs.
Almond (Prunus) — Double Rose Flower- ing (Japonica rubra, fl. pi.) — A beautiful small shrub, bearing in May. Before the leaves appear small double rose-like flow- ers closely se upon the twigs.
Calycanthus or Sweet-Scented Shrub
(Calycanthe) — The wood is fragrant, foli- age rich, flowers rare chocolate color, hav- ing a peculiarly agreeable odor. Flowers in June and at intervals afterward.
Deutzia, Double-Flowering (Crenata flore pleno) — Flowers double, white, tinged with rose. One of the most desirable flowering- shrubs in cultivation.
Hydrangea (Paniculata Grandiflora) — A fine, hardy shrub, growing to the height of eight or ten feet; flowers white, in great pyramidal panicles a foot long, produced in August or September, when most other shrubs are out of bloom.
Hydrangea (Aborescens) — A new vari- ety; white flowers ; a decided novelty. Called Snowball Hydrangea.
Lilac, Large Flowered White (Alba Grandiflora) — Very large, pure white tufts of flowers.
Purple Common (V ulgaris) — The well- known sort.
14
FRUIT TREES, SMALL FRUITS, NUT AND SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES
Hydrangea.
Quince, Japan (Cyclonia) — Scarlet. Has bright scarlet-crimson flowers in great pro- fusion early in spring. One of the best hardy shrubs. Makes a beautiful orna- mental hedge.
Blush — A beautiful variety, with white and bluish flowers.
Snowball (Viburnum) — Common V. opu- lus — A well-known favorite shrub of large size, with globular clusters of pure white flowers in the latter part of May.
Japanese Viburnum Plicatum — From North China. Has very rich, deep green foli- age of handsome form and beautiful globu- lar heads of pure white flowers, quite dis- tinct from those of the common sort. A very desirable shrub.
Spirea, Anthony Waterer — In our estima- tion one of the best flowering hardy plants. Makes a dwarf bush 15 to 18 inches high, covered from spring till late in the fall with large heads of crimson flowers. Perfectly hardy.
Spirea, Thunbergii — One of the first shrubs to flower in the spring. Forms a perfect, well-rounded bush, dwarf and com- pact. A perfect ball of white when in bloom.
Spirea, Van Houtte — The grandest of all the Spireas; it is a beautiful ornament for the lawn at any seas’on, but when in flower it is a complete fountain of white bloom, the foliage hardly showing.
Sumach or Smoke Tree, Shining Sumach — Noted for its lustrous green leaves, which are crimson in autumn, and its scarlet heads of seeds.
Syringa, or Mock Orange (Philadelphus) — Double-Flowering Syringa, flore pleno. A variety with partially double, fragrant flowers.
Weigelia (Diervilla Rosea) — An elegant shrub with fine, rose-colored leaves. Intro- duced from China by Mr. Fortune, and considered one of the finest plants he has discovered. Quite hardy. Blooms in May.
Weigelia (Aurea Variegata) — Golden leaved with beautiful pink flowers in spring.
15
CHRISTOPHER NURSERIES, JOHN A* STEWART & SON, PROPRIETORS
Evergreen Trees and Shrubs
Arancaria Imbricata (Chili Pine) — Beau- tiful, regular pyramidal form, branches in whorls; spreading horizontally when young; rather ascending near the top; leaves stiff, smooth, shining, deep green, sharply pointed and entirely clothing the branches. The greatest ornament among conifers.
Box Tree (Buxus) — A fine small ever- green, with pale green leaves. Can be trained in any desirable form by shearing.
Box, Dwarf — The well-known variety used for edging of dwarf hedge.
Holly, English — Deep green, glossy, shin- ing leaves, and bright red berries through- out the winter. Largely used for Christ- mas decorations.
Contoneaster Miorophylla — A dwarf trail- ing evergreen with red berries. Fine for rock work.
English Laurel — A fine evergreen shrub ; large, glossy leaves.
Cyprus, Lawson's (Erecta Virdis)-— An evergreen shrub. One of the most graceful, elegant, erect habit; hardy here.
Juniper (Juniperus), Irish (Aibernica) — Very erect and tapering in its growth, form- ing a column of deep green foliage, a pretty little shrub or tree; and for its beauty and hardiness is a general favorite.
Rhododendron — In variety. These are the most magnificent of all evergreen shrubs, with rich, green foliage and superb clusters of showy flowers of different colors.
Privet, Common — A pretty shrub, with smooth, shining leaves and spikes of white flowers; also makes a beautiful hedge.
Privet, California — A vigorous, hardy va- riety, of fine habit and foliage. Valuable for hedges.
Roster's Blue Spruce (Retinospora Plum- osa) — Irish yew.
Golden Cyprus,
Pampas Grass (Cortaderia Argentea) — Fine for planting for a semi-tropical effect; does well here. 50 cents each.
Yucca Filamentosa (Adam’s Needle) — A hardy evergreen plant with long narrow leaves. Has a beautiful spike of creamy white, bell-shaped flowers ; three to four feet high. 50 cents each.
KHocloaenaron.
16
FRUIT TREES, SMALL FRUITS, NUT AND SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES
Climbing and Trailing Plants
Ampelopsis, American Ivy or Virginia Creeper (Quinquefolia) — A very rapid grower, having beautiful, dark green foli- age, which assumes rich crimson hues in autumn. Like the Ivy and Trumpet vines, it throws out tendrils and roots at the joints by which it fastens itself to anything it touches. One of the finest vines for cover- ing walls, verandas, etc.
Veitchii (Veitch's Ampelopsis) Japan- Leaves a little smaller and more ivy-like in form than the foregoing.
Clematis Henryi — Of robust habits and a very fine bloomer. Flower large, of a beau- tiful creamy white, consisting generally of from six to eight spreading sepals. Espe- cially desirable. June to October.
Madame Andre — Red Clematis. Good.
Duchess of Edinburgh — Double white ; a beautiful sort.
Clematis Jackmanni — It is better known than any other, and stands as one of the best. It is a strong grower and produces a mass of intense purple-violet flowers.
Clematis Paniculata - — New sweet-scented Japan Clematis, hardy, a rapid grower and profuse bloomer. Flowers are pure white.
Wistaria.
Clematis.
Honeysuckle, Monthly Fragrant — Blos- soms all summer. Flowers red and yellow. Very sweet. Rapid grower.
Honeysuckle, Scarlet Trumpet — A strong grower and produces bright scarlet, inodor- ous flowers all summer.
Honeysuckle, Japan, Gold-Leafed (Aurea Recticulata) — A handsome variety, having foliage beautifully netted or variegated with yellow.
Ivy (Hedera) English — A well-known and popular sort.
Wistaria, Chinese Purple '(Sinensis) — A most beautiful climber of rapid growth, and producing long, ponderous clusters of pale blue flowers When well established makes an enormous growth. It is very hardy and one of the most superb vines ever introduced.
Chinese White (Sinensis Alba) — Intro- duced by M. Fortune from China, and re- garded as one of the greatest acquisitions. Rather tender.
17
CHRISTOPHER NURSERIES, JOHN A. STEWART & SON, PROPRIETORS
Herbaceous Paeonies — Red, white and pink.
Cactus Dahlias — Fine assortment. These are very showy, without doubt one of the best fall blooming flowers.
The home beautiful, in its setting of trees and climbing vines.
18
Jasmine
Jasmine Nudicauli, Hardy Yellow — Bright yellow ’fragrant blossoms.
Jasmine Officinalis, Hardy White — Very sweet-scented and highly desirable.
FRUIT TREES, SMALL FRUITS, NUT AND SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES
Marechal Neil.
Roses
The varieties here named are selected as being best adapted to this climate.
Augustine Guinoiseau or White La France — White, tinted with fawn.
Baby Rambler — Like the Crimson Ram- bler, but dwarf, constant flowering.
Burbank — Pink.
Captain Christy — Delicate pink.
Cloth of Gold — Yellow climber.
Crimson Rambler — A wonderful climbing dark crimson rose. Strong grower.
Duchess of Albany or Red La France — Deep pink.
Etoile de Lyons — Good yellow.
General Jacqueminot — The very best bright red rose grown.
Gruss au Teplitz — Fiery red.
Golden Gate — Creamy flesh.
Hermosa — An old favorite, light pink. Jubilee — Dark red, new.
J. B. Clark — Fine red.
Kaiserine Augusta Victoria — The grand- est white rose grown.
La France — The perfection of pink roses. Louis Van Houtte — Very dark.
19
CHRISTOPHER NURSERIES, JOHN A, STEWART & SON, PROPRIETORS
General Jacqueminot.
MarechalNeil — Yellow climber.
Madam Alfred Carrier — One of the finest white climbers.
Madam C. Testout — Fine red.
Maman Cochet — Flesh pink, a beautiful rose and a great favorite.
Madam Ravary — Fine yellow.
Meteor — Dark red.
Mrs* Robert Perry or Climbing Kaiserine — New white.
Papa Gontier — Crimson; fine for buds.
Paul Neyron — A large pink.
Prince C* de Rohan — Dark crimson.
Prince of Burgaire — Coppery yellow; one of the best of its class.
Rainbow— Striped pink and crimson.
Red Moss*
Reine Marie Henriette — A cherry red climber; large and fine.
Reve d* Or — Yellow, profuse bloomer, climber.
Safrano — Yellow; fine. Does well here.
Souvenir de la Malmaison — White tinted flesh.
Souvenir President Carnot — A fine pink. A most beautiful variety.
Sunset — Golden amber.
Ulrich Bruner — One of the best reds.
Viscomtess Folkstone — White tinted flesh.
William Allen Richardson — Orange yellow climber.
White Maman Cochet — Fine new white tea rose.
White American Beauty or Frau Karl Druschki — The finest white, and hardy; new.
White Moss*
White Rambler* Yellow Rambler*
And many other varieties not enumerated.
Bulbs
We carry a selected stock of the following bulbs :
Tulips — All colors; 65c per dozen.
Hyacinths — All colors; $1.50 per dozen.
Crocus — All colors; 25c per dozen.
Paul Neyron.
To any of our friends who may desire further information relating to fruit, nut or shade trees, small fruits, shrubs, roses or bulbs, we invite you to ask us freely, and we shall be glad to give such advice as our more than thirty years of experience and obser- vation has fitted us to give as to selectionof varieties best suited to your locality, and a knowledge of conditions necessary to success, the lack of which causes most of the fail- ures of planters to get results. We are interested not only in the success of every article we send out, but we desire to render a service to our patrons which will make their deal- ing with us of the most profitable and pleasant nature to them.
20
FRUIT TREES, SMALL FRUITS, NUT AND SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES
Directions for Transplanting Trees
Most of the failures experienced in the planting of trees, shrubs, etc., result from a want of knowledge of conditions necessary to success, or from a careless disregard of them. Many nurserymen are blamed for what might easily have been avoided had the planter consulted the plain wants and requirements of the stock and given it at least a fair chance to grow and do well. We are interested in the success of every article we send out; we take the greatest pains to place every item in the hands of our customers in the best possible condition and in order to furnish some precautions which our experience suggests, and urge to a more cautious and considerate culture, we give a few hints on such points as are most essential.
Preparation of the Soil
For fruit trees the soil should be dry and in good condition, thoroughly ploughed, and so prepared as to be fit for the production of a good crop of corn or wheat. If naturally moist, it should be thoroughly drained, and if exhausted by cropping, carefully dressed, as trees will not thrive on weak soils or on such as are saturated with stagnant moisture.
Preparation of the Trees
Don’t let them get dry. If not ready to plant when the stock arrives, see that it is immediately taken care of. The best way is to “heel it in” by placing the roots in a trench and covering them thoroughly with mellow earth, well packed about them to depth of one foot of soil. If, however, the trees arrive in a dried condition, place the roots in a barrel of water at least 48 hours and then heel them in the ground. I have buried the roots and branches in the ground with good results after receiving them in a dried condition. Never place manure in close proximity with the roots.
Pruning
We use the greatest care in digging and packing, but the loss of some small roots is unavoidable, and to preserve the natural balance between roots and tops, a proper and judi- cious pruning is in most cases necessary. All broken or bruised roots should be cut off with a sharp knife, as a smooth cut heals much sooner than a bruise. The tops of fruit trees should be cut back to the extent of three-fourths the growth of the previous season, taking care to prune in such a manner as to secure a head properly shaped and sufficiently open to the sun and air.
Planting
The holes should be dug deep enough to receive the roots of the tree without cramp- ing or bending them. The trees having been properly pruned, should be held upright and earth filled about the roots, the finest and best soil from the surface being carefully worked among them, filling every space.
Set the trees as firm as a post, but leave the surface filling (of the poorer soil) light and loose. Care must be taken against planting too deep. When the earth settles about the tree it should stand the same height as when in the nursery. When set in autumn it is well to raise a mound of earth about the tree a foot or more in height. This will keep them from being swayed by the winds or thrown out by frost during the winter; it should be removed in the spring. In planting dwarf trees, the stock on which they are budded, and no more, should be under the ground. They will then stand firmly and not lose their dwarf character by the rooting of the standard stock.
Staking
If trees are tall or in exposed situations they should be supported by stakes to prevent injury from the wind. Staking is done in the best manner by driving two strong stakes firmly into the ground, one on each side of the tree, about a foot from it, and fastening the tree between them with bands of straw or other soft material.
21
CHRISTOPHER NURSERIES, JOHN A. STEWART & SON, PROPRIETORS
Cultivating and Planting
Many orchardists, after great trouble and expense in selecting and planting trees, fail by neglecting that after-care and attention which is equally essential. Bores, slugs, scale, aphis disease, blight, etc., must be watched for, and remedies faithfully applied. The wants of the trees must be foreseen and a faithful effort made to insure health and productive- ness. The ground should be thoroughly cultivated during the growing period every week or ten days. For such care the orchardist will be well repaid with thrifty, shapely trees and abundant crops of superior fruit. His neighbor, with perhaps superior soil and advan- tages at the outset, and equal care and experience in planting, having neglected these appar- ently trivial, but really importants matters, sees, instead of thrifty trees loaded with lus- cious fruit, a few mossy, scraggy specimens, only fit for the brush pile.
Distances for Planting
Standard Apples 25 to 30 feet apart
Pears and Cherries 20 to 25 feet apart
Plums and Prunes , 18 to 20 feet apart
Raspberries and Blackberries, upright varieties 4 to 6 feet apart
Currants and Gooseberries ,^..i . . 4 to 6 feet apart
Strawberries, field culture: 1 to 3 feet apart
Loganberries, Mammoth Blackberries, etc 8 to 10 feet apart
Number of Trees to An Acre
|
30 feet apart each way.. |
50 |
12 feet apart each way |
300 |
|
25 feet apart each way.. |
70 |
10 feet apart each way |
435 |
|
20 feet apart each way.. |
110 |
8 feet apart each way |
683 |
|
18 feet apart each way.. |
135 |
6 feet apart each way |
1,210 |
|
15 feet apart each way.. |
205 |
4 feet apart each way |
2,725 |
|
3 feet apart each way. |
4,840 |
Spraying Calendar
For information about insects, pests and plant diseases, write to the Experiment Sta- tion, Pullman, Washington.
Oyster Shell Bark Louse — Attacks apple mainly; use sulphur-lime spray when the leaves are off the trees. If this spraying is ineffectively done, apply kerosene emulsion or whale oil soap when eggs hatch.
San Jose Scale — Attacks nearly all deciduous trees; use sulphur-lime for spray in the spring before the buds burst.
Red Spider — Attacks fruit trees and bushes ; spray with sulphur-lime in the spring before the buds burst. This will kill the winter eggs. If the mite appears in summer, use kerosene emulsion, best adding one ounce of sulphur to the kerosene for each gallon of spray, or use sulphur-lime 1 %.
Green Aphis — Attacks pear, peach, plum, prune trees, etc. ; spray with sulphur-lime in the spring before the buds burst. If the insects appear, spray with tobacco into the curling leaves.
Woolly Aphis — Attacks apple trees; use sulphur-lime, kerosene emulsion or tobacco for spraying, just before the buds burst. Spray with force. For summer treatment use kerosene or tobacco.
Slug — Attacks pear and apple trees; use arsenate of lead for spray when insects appear, or dust with lime, road dust or ashes.
Scab — Attacks apple and pear trees; spray with sulphur-lime 1% just before the blos- soms open and again while the last blossoms are falling.
22
FRUIT TREES, SMALL FRUITS, NUT AND SHADE TREES, SHRUBS, ROSES
Bordeaux
Bluestone 6 pounds
Good lime 4 pounds
Water 50 gallons
Dissolve the bluestone by suspending it in a sack in 25 gallons of water in a barrel. Slake the lime in another vessel, adding a little water slowly, and dilute to 25 gallons. Mix the two thoroughly. Even the best Bordeaux may scorch in rainy weather. For double strength Bordeaux use twice as much bluestone and lime.
Whale Oil and Quassia
Quassia chips — 8 pounds
Whale oil soap .Ji — — - 7 pounds
Soak the chips twelve hours in eight gallons of water. Dissolve the soap in boiling water. Strain the quassia extract to remove the chips and add the soap solution. Stir thor- oughly and dilute to make 100 gallons. This solution is used almost exclusively for the hop aphis. It is almost as effective without the quassia against other species of aphis. Soap powder or laundry soap may be used in the same proportion without the quassia for most aphides.
Sulphur-Lime
Sulphur 1 pound
Good lime - V2 to 1 pound
Water 5 gallons
First slake the lime in the cooking vat. When slaked add the sulphur and about one- fifth of the water, so that the mixture will boil easily. Keep it well stirred. Boil until the sulphur is completely dissolved, which should take less than one hour. Then add the rest of the water and the mixture is ready to spray. Use only the clear liquid. It should be poured into the spraying tank through a strainer. It may be used hot or cold. There are several ready-made sulphur-lime washes which give good results when properly diluted. When mixed 1 part to 14 parts of water they usually correspond in strength to the formula above.
Arsenate of Lead
Arsenate of lead i 1 pound
Water . 50 gallons
It is unnecessary to use it stronger. It is more reliable than Paris Green. It is espe- cially useful where there is much rain. It sticks well and does not scorch. Mix well first with a small amount of water.
Kerosene Emulsion
Kerosene 2 gallons
Whale oil soap V2 pound
Water 1 gallon
Dissolve the soap in the water by boiling and add the suds boiling hot to the kerosene, away from the fire. The mixture is then to be agitated violently, preferably by pumping it back onto itself with a force pump. After four or five minutes the mixture suddenly becomes creamy in consistence. If well made the cream will stand for a long time without free oil rising to the surface. Use one gallon of the emulsion to 12 gallons of water in spraying. One quart of soft soap or one pound of laundry soap may be used instead of the whale oil soap.
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CHRISTOPHER NURSERIES, JOHN A. STEWART & SON, PROPRIETORS
General Index
Page
Adam’s Needle ....... ...16
Almond 14
Althea 14
Ampelopsis 17
Apples 2-5
Apricots 8
Ash 13
Asparagus 12
Azalea 14
Birch : 13
Blackberries 11
Blush 15
Box Tree 16
Bulbs 20
Buxus 16
Calycanthus 14
Catalpa 13
Cherries 7
Cherry, Flowering 13
Chestnuts 13
Clematis 17
Climbing and Trailing Plants 17
Crab Apples 5
Crocus : 20
Currants 11
Cydonia 15
Cyprus 16
Dahlias 18
Deciduous Flowering Shrubs 14-15
Deutzia 14
Elm 13
English Laurel 16
Evergreen Trees and Shrubs 16
Gooseberries 10
Grapes .1 10
Grass, Pampas 16
Hibiscus 14
Holly 16
Honeysuckle 17
Horse Chestnut 13
Hyacinths 20
Hydrangea 20
Ivy 17
Page
Jasmine 18
Juniper 16
Lilac .14
Linden 13
Maple 13
Mock Orange 15
Nut Trees 13-14
Ornamental Trees 13-14
Peaches 8
Pears 6-7
Peonies 18
Pine 16
Plums 9
Poplar 14
Privet 16
Prunes 9-10
Purple Plum 14
Quince 10
Quince, Japan ...15
Raspberries 12
Rhododendron 16
Rhubarb 12
Roses 19-20
Shade Trees 13-14
Shrubs 16
Smoke Tree 15
Snowball 15
Spirea : 15
Spruce 16
Spruce 16
Strawberries * 12
Sumach 15
Sycamore 14
Syringa 15
Tulips 20
Tulip Tree 14
Viburnum 15
Vines 17
Walnuts 14
Weigelia 15
Wistaria 17
Yucca 16
Did you ever stop to consider the moral influence and the real joys and pleasure that comes from the possession of flowers? How they transform barren walls and parkways into nature's masterpieces. And then a nosegay for a friend is a fitting gift at any time. This brings to mind the following:
"It's better to buy a cheap boquet To give to a friend this very day;
Than a bushel of roses, white and red To place on his coffin when he’s dead/’