2012 CENSUS OF AGRICULTURE Specialty Crops Volume 2 • Subject Series • Part 8 AC-1 2-S-8 Issued February 2015 United States Department of Agriculture Tom Vilsack, Secretary National Agricultural Statistics Service Joseph T. Reilly, Administrator This page left intentionally blank. Contents Page Introduction V TABLES United States Data 1. Specialty Crops By Acres - United States: 2012 1 2. Land in Farms, Harvested Cropland, Irrigated Land, and Market Value of Agricultural Products Sold on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States: 2012 2 3. Legal Status for Tax Purposes on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States: 2012 3 4. Hired Farm Labor on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States: 2012 4 5. Principal Operator Characteristics on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States: 2012. 5 6. Race and Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino Origin of Principal Operator on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States: 2012 6 7. Selected Operator Characteristics on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States: 2012 . 7 State Data 8. Specialty Crops Acres - United States and States: 2012 8 9. Land in Farms, Harvested Cropland, Irrigated Land, and Market Value of Agricultural Products Sold on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 11 10. Legal Status for Tax Purposes on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 12 1 1 . Hired Farm Labor on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 14 12. Principal Operator Characteristics on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 15 13. Race and Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino Origin of Principal Operator on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 17 14. Selected Operator Characteristics on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 18 APPENDIX Methodology and General Terms A-1 2012 Census of Agriculture Contents III USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service This page left intentionally blank. Introduction PURPOSE AND SCOPE The 2012 Census of Agrieulture Speeialty Crop publieation provides data that supplement the 2012 Census of Agrieulture, Volume 1, Geographie Area Series publieations. As a serviee to agrieultural and eeonomie data users, the 2012 data for speeialty erops are published at the U.S. and state-level. Seetion 101 of the Speeialty Crops Competitiveness Aet of 2004 (7 U.S.C. §1621 note) and amended under seetion 10010 of the Agrieultural Aet of 2014, Publie Law 113-79 (the Farm Bill) defines speeialty erops as “fruits and vegetables, tree nuts, dried fruits, and hortieulture and nursery erops (ineluding florieulture).” Eligible plants must be eultivated or managed and used by people for food, medieinal purposes, and/or aesthetie gratifieation to be eonsidered speeialty erops. See the Appendix in this publieation for further definition of speeialty erops. This is the seeond time NASS has summarized and published the eensus of agrieulture data for speeialty erops. AUTHORITY The 2012 Census of Agrieulture is required by law under the “Census of Agrieulture Aet of 1997,” Publie Law 105-113 (Title 7, United States Code, Seetion 2204g). The law direets the Seeretary of Agrieulture to eonduet a eensus of agrieulture every fifth year, eovering the prior year. FARM DEFINITION The eensus definition of a farm is any plaee from whieh $1,000 or more of agrieultural produets were produeed and sold, or normally would have been sold, during the eensus year. The definition has ehanged nine times sinee it was established in 1850. The eurrent definition was first used for the 1974 Census of Agrieulture and has been used in eaeh subsequent agrieulture eensus. This definition is 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service eonsistent with the definition used for eurrent USDA surveys. DATA COMPARABILITY Most data are eomparable between the 2012 and 2007 eensuses. A few ehanges were made to the 2012 eensus report form. The total area for nursery, greenhouse, and florieulture erops was eolleeted in 2012 and for this eategory the data are not eomparable between the 2007 and 2012 Speeialty Crops publieations. See the Appendix, Nursery, greenhouse, and florieulture for further information and also 2012 Census of Agrieulture, Volume 1, Geographie Area Series, Part 51, Appendix B, (http://www.ageensus.usda.gOv/Publieations/2012/F ull_Report/V olume_ 1 ,_Chapter_ 1 _U S/usappxb .pdf) for a detailed diseussion of these ehanges. Dollar figures are expressed in eurrent dollars and have not been adjusted for inflation or deflation. REFERENCE PERIOD Referenee periods used were: • Crop aereage referenee is for the ealendar year, exeept for a few erops sueh as avoeados, eitrus, olives, and pineapples for whieh the produetion year overlaps the ealendar year. See the Appendix for further information regarding these exeeptions. • Crop sales and hired farm labor data are measured for the ealendar year. TABLES AND APPENDIX Data Tables. Tables 1 through 7 show detailed U.S.- level data eross-tabulated by several eategories. Corresponding State-level data are presented in Tables 8 through 14. Introduction V Appendix. Includes the definitions of speeifie terms and phrases used in the publieation, ineluding items in the publieation tables that earry the note “see text.” RESPONDENT CONFIDENTIALITY In keeping with the provisions of Title 7 of the United States Code, no data are published that would diselose information about the operations of an individual farm or raneh. All tabulated data are subjeet to an extensive diselosure review prior to publieation. Any tabulated item that identifies data reported by a respondent or allows a respondent’s data to be aeeurately estimated or derived was suppressed and eoded with a ‘(D)’. However, the number of farms reporting an item is not eonsidered eonfidential information and is provided even though other information is withheld. DATA PRODUCTS The 2012 Census of Agrieulture Speeialty Crop publieation and other eensus produets are available on the NASS website at www.ageensus.usda.gov. SPECIAL STUDIES AND CUSTOM TABULATIONS Speeial studies sueh as the 2012 Census of Agrieulture Speeialty Crop publieation provide supplemental information to the 2012 Census of Agrieulture. Results are published on the Internet. Custom-designed tabulations may be developed when data are not published elsewhere. These tabulations are developed to individual user speeifieations on a eost-reimbursable basis and shared with the publie. Quick Stats 2.0, NASS’s online database that allows data users to build eustomized queries, should be investigated before requesting a eustom tabulation. All speeial studies and eustom tabulations are subjeet to a thorough diselosure review prior to release to prevent the diselosure of any individual respondent data. Requests for eustom tabulations may be submitted via the Internet from the NASS home page, by mail, or by e-mail to: DataLab National Agrieultural Statisties Serviee Room 5307 1400 Independenee Ave, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20250 - 2054 or Datalab@nass.usda.gov ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS The following abbreviations and symbols are used throughout the tables: Represents zero. (D) Withheld to avoid diselosing data for individual farms. (NA) Not available. VI Introduction 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 1 . Specialty Crops by Acres — United States: 2012 [For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text] Crop Total Irrigated Farms Acres Farms Acres All specialty crops 244,974 14,004,762 139,026 8,756,695 Land in orchards 106,488 5,199,729 60,340 4,257,033 Noncitrus (see text) 69,233 2,209,192 (NA) (NA) Citrus 13,055 877,701 (NA) (NA) T ree nuts (see text) 36,302 2,112,869 (NA) (NA) Land in berries 30,538 289,913 15,237 219,331 Land in vegetables 72,045 4,180,891 36,900 2,994,823 Pulse crops (see text) 9,940 2,816,683 3,361 526,527 Nursery, greenhouse, and floriculture (see text) 54,557 892,089 43,767 597,377 Cut Christmas trees^ 15,494 309,365 1,383 12,982 Short rotation woody crops^ 2,403 163,625 431 16,429 Maple syrup (gallons) 8,261 2,296,317 (X) (X) Other specialty crops (see text) 1,081 152,467 723 132,192 ^ Acres in production. 2012 Census of Agriculture Specialty Crops 1 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 2. Land in Farms, Harvested Cropland, Irrigated Land, and Market Value of Agricultural Products Sold on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States: 2012 Crop Farms Land in farms Flarvested cropland on operation Irrigated land on operation Market value of agricultural products sold ($1 ,000) (acres) (acres) (acres) Total All crops All specialty crops 244,974 69,421,278 38,946,620 15,288,373 83,377,662 76,099,264 Farms by size: 0.1 to 4.9 acres 37,459 82,046 63,201 43,450 866,825 854,533 5.0 to 14.9 acres 52,040 441,440 232,208 133,108 2,255,516 2,180,709 15.0 to 24.9 acres 26,267 497,835 234,629 129,818 1,896,881 1,815,324 25.0 to 49.9 acres 32,883 1,164,886 481,429 242,373 2,958,827 2,763,450 50.0 to 99.9 acres 30,856 2,161,016 860,049 384,571 4,320,868 3,935,636 1 00.0 to 249.9 acres 29,688 4,589,961 1 ,972,985 892,406 7,871,356 7,040,602 250.0 to 499.9 acres 12,996 4,528,058 2,414,861 1,151,579 7,939,978 7,205,665 500.0 to 749.9 acres 5,590 3,373,767 2,096,761 987,037 5,762,459 5,029,069 750.0 to 999.9 acres 3,244 2,796,329 1 ,878,979 815,923 4,505,673 4,101,326 1 ,000 acres or more 13,951 49,785,940 28,711,518 10,508,108 44,999,279 41,172,950 1 ,000 to 1 ,999 acres 6,469 8,917,444 6,275,690 2,486,045 12,526,224 1 1 ,228,489 2,000 to 4,999 acres 5,339 16,091,164 11,665,957 3,654,617 16,309,190 15,033,324 5,000 acres or more 2,143 24,777,332 10,769,871 4,367,446 16,163,864 14,911,136 Land in orchards 106,488 21,999,714 9,097,569 6,523,727 32,164,747 29,181,572 Noncitrus (see text) 69,233 11,183,590 4,750,211 3,482,788 20,398,907 19,455,596 Citrus 13,055 3,306,073 1,420,613 1,330,090 5,638,925 5,346,885 Tree nuts (see text) 36,302 10,713,231 4,910,431 3,546,770 14,824,937 12,722,000 Land in berries 30,538 3,613,154 1,510,054 623,265 6,967,899 6,549,570 Land in vegetables 72,045 23,651,337 15,030,164 7,316,622 31,338,291 28,807,934 Pulse crops (see text) 9,940 21,920,926 15,367,203 2,754,448 10,951,260 9,794,901 Nursery, greenhouse, and floriculture (see text) 54,557 7,012,479 3,113,265 1,620,905 19,301,623 18,595,216 Cut Christmas trees 15,494 1,751,908 633,746 59,300 808,644 757,366 Short rotation woody crops 2,403 417,735 217,698 27,834 116,262 105,291 Maple syrup 8,261 1,373,468 380,079 8,218 545,376 242,751 Other specialty crops (see text) 1,081 780,737 583,711 429,621 1 ,404,082 1 ,333,452 2 Specialty Crops 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 3. Legal Status for Tax Purposes on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States: 2012 [For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text] Crop Total Family or individual Partnership Farms Acres Farms Acres Farms Acres All specialty crops 244,974 14,004,762 190,937 5,496,256 21,644 3,285,421 Land in orchards 106,488 5,199,729 83,578 1,903,607 10,358 1,362,468 Noncitrus (see text) 69,233 2,209,192 53,567 826,388 6,756 508,259 Citrus 13,055 877,701 9,378 223,295 1,563 264,223 T ree nuts (see text) 36,302 2,112,869 29,876 853,952 3,305 589,987 Land in berries 30,538 289,913 24,891 102,569 2,251 44,579 Land in vegetables 72,045 4,180,891 58,775 1,364,571 5,938 1,125,833 Pulse crops (see text) 9,940 2,816,683 6,839 1 ,597,943 1,257 535,710 Nursery, greenhouse, and floriculture (see text) 54,557 892,089 37,370 240,167 4,722 128,798 Cut Christmas trees^ 15,494 309,365 13,257 181,823 1,129 60,413 Short rotation woody crops^ 2,403 163,625 1,985 59,267 130 9,955 Maple syrup (gallons) 8,261 2,296,317 7,139 1 ,676,920 631 395,393 Other specialty crops (see text) 1,081 152,467 684 46,309 106 17,665 Crop Corporation (family held) Corporation (other than family held) Other - cooperative, estate or trust, institutional, etc. Farms Acres Farms Acres Farms Acres All specialty crops 23,706 4,148,989 3,488 770,016 5,199 304,081 Land in orchards 8,564 1,460,231 1,204 296,340 2,784 177,083 Noncitrus (see text) 6,232 679,181 910 139,226 1,768 56,137 Citrus 1,251 302,717 214 50,297 649 37,170 T ree nuts (see text) 2,019 478,335 224 106,817 878 83,777 Land in berries 2,488 118,915 322 14,706 586 9,145 Land in vegetables 5,264 1,366,352 714 261,526 1,354 62,609 Pulse crops (see text) 1,655 619,876 62 28,442 127 34,712 Nursery, greenhouse, and floriculture (see text) 9,371 429,512 1,687 79,420 1,407 14,192 Cut Christmas trees^ 826 54,623 78 8,980 204 3,526 Short rotation woody crops^ 199 17,396 40 75,751 49 1,256 Maple syrup (gallons) 285 159,160 47 41,414 159 23,430 Other specialty crops (see text) 227 82,083 27 4,851 37 1,559 ' Acres in production. 2012 Census of Agriculture Specialty Crops 3 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 4. Hired Farm Labor on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States: 2012 Workers by days worked Migrant labor Less than 150 days 1 50 days or more On farms with hired labor (farms) On farms reporting only contract labor (farms) Crop Farms Workers Farms Workers Farms Workers All specialty crops 105,423 1,351,219 81,528 883,567 55,397 467,652 10,858 1,878 Land in orchards 45,315 644,789 34,926 459,225 22,696 185,564 5,597 1,243 Noncitrus (see text) 30,896 542,607 24,642 398,561 15,520 144,046 4,688 876 Citrus 5,956 68,157 3,844 40,545 3,219 27,612 505 274 Tree nuts (see text) 13,757 134,903 10,214 82,106 7,080 52,797 1,001 212 Land in berries 12,132 235,483 10,354 163,915 5,624 71,568 1,552 241 Land in vegetables 29,835 399,977 23,985 258,528 15,799 141,449 3,544 270 Pulse crops (see text) 6,224 43,881 4,435 26,337 4,262 17,544 597 50 Nursery, greenhouse, and floriculture (see text) 28,446 345,247 21,120 168,471 17,730 176,776 1,955 175 Cut Christmas trees 5,347 41,566 4,793 33,461 1,536 8,105 414 99 Short rotation woody crops 760 3,556 623 2,551 280 1,005 40 10 Maple syrup 2,210 9,230 1,764 6,828 888 2,402 57 2 Other specialty crops (see text) 634 18,316 487 1 1 ,552 464 6,764 131 8 4 Specialty Crops 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 5. Principal Operator Characteristics on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States: 2012 Crop Operators Sex of operator Primary occupation Days worked off farm Male Female Farming Other None Any All specialty crops 244,974 207,408 37,566 134,649 110,325 98,782 146,192 Land in orchards 106,488 91,515 14,973 54,391 52,097 40,658 65,830 Noncitrus (see text) 69,233 58,827 10,406 35,800 33,433 25,809 43,424 Citrus 13,055 10,907 2,148 6,690 6,365 4,769 8,286 T ree nuts (see text) 36,302 31,712 4,590 18,534 17,768 14,734 21,568 Land in berries 30,538 24,315 6,223 16,986 13,552 1 1 ,605 18,933 Land in vegetables 72,045 59,425 12,620 45,823 26,222 30,377 41,668 Pulse crops (see text) 9,940 9,584 356 8,697 1,243 6,338 3,602 Nursery, greenhouse, and floriculture (see text) 54,557 42,786 11,771 32,426 22,131 24,090 30,467 Cut Christmas trees 15,494 13,848 1,646 6,283 9,211 5,262 10,232 Short rotation woody crops 2,403 2,095 308 877 1,526 724 1,679 Maple syrup 8,261 7,453 808 3,842 4,419 2,779 5,482 Other specialty crops (see text) 1,081 925 156 808 273 529 552 Percent of operator's total household income from farming Average age of operator Crop Less than 25 percent 25 to 49 percent 50 to 74 percent 75 to 99 percent 1 00 percent All specialty crops 161,276 20,534 24,401 19,601 19,162 58.3 Land in orchards 75,806 8,920 9,921 6,598 5,243 60.5 Noncitrus (see text) 49,538 5,498 6,251 4,220 3,726 59.8 Citrus 9,521 1,150 1,206 692 486 62.3 T ree nuts (see text) 25,322 3,200 3,573 2,454 1,753 61.3 Land in berries 21,184 2,273 2,687 2,161 2,233 56.4 Land in vegetables 43,714 6,300 7,622 7,036 7,373 55.7 Pulse crops (see text) 1,873 871 1,851 2,725 2,620 54.1 Nursery, greenhouse, and floriculture (see text) 31,949 5,155 6,147 5,070 6,236 56.5 Cut Christmas trees 12,746 983 916 440 409 60.8 Short rotation woody crops 2,053 125 122 52 51 58.2 Maple syrup 5,811 621 699 570 560 55.3 Other specialty crops (see text) 527 80 133 147 194 55.9 2012 Census of Agriculture Specialty Crops 5 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 6. Race and Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino Origin of Principal Operator on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States: 2012 Operators reporting one race Operators reporting more than one race Operators reporting Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino origin Crop Operators American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Black or or African American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander White All specialty crops 244,974 4,254 8,980 3,576 674 225,676 1,814 15,371 Land in orchards 106,488 1,283 5,070 1,148 413 97,526 1,048 10,166 Noncitrus (see text) 69,233 674 3,867 607 313 63,031 741 6,438 Citrus 13,055 145 785 81 91 11,817 136 1,561 Tree nuts (see text) 36,302 643 1,432 656 107 33,070 394 3,326 Land in berries 30,538 278 554 300 41 29,099 266 1,018 Land in vegetables 72,045 2,726 2,572 2,226 136 63,880 505 3,015 Pulse crops (see text) 9,940 157 74 103 10 9,574 22 203 Nursery, greenhouse, and floriculture (see text) 54,557 273 1,971 408 139 51,374 392 2,698 Cut Christmas trees 15,494 67 34 31 4 15,279 79 173 Short rotation woody crops 2,403 26 4 68 6 2,285 14 72 Maple syrup 8,261 18 - 7 - 8,199 37 51 Other specialty crops (see text) 1,081 6 150 7 70 814 34 46 6 Specialty Crops 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 7. Selected Operator Characteristics on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States: 2012 [Data are for a maximum of three operators] Operators reporting one race Crop Operators Average American operators age of operators Indian or Alaska Asian Native All specialty crops 388,708 124,237 56.2 6,845 14,086 Land in orchards 167,207 52,458 58.3 1,926 7,681 Noncitrus (see text) 110,890 36,296 57.6 1,036 5,846 Citrus 19,837 5,934 60.2 209 1,213 T ree nuts (see text) 56,409 17,006 59.1 931 2,240 Land in berries 51,274 19,555 54.5 457 999 Land in vegetables 118,506 40,025 53.5 4,529 4,353 Pulse crops (see text) 15,781 3,057 52.6 253 136 Nursery, greenhouse, and floriculture (see text) 88,619 31,635 54.6 454 3,196 Cut Christmas trees 23,963 7,344 58.7 111 85 Short rotation woody crops 3,639 1,126 56.4 35 9 Maple syrup 13,622 4,302 53.3 38 8 Other specialty crops (see text) 1,850 513 53.8 14 257 Operators reporting one race - con. Operators Operators reporting Crop Black or African American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander White reporting more than one race Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino origin All specialty crops 5,082 1,027 358,712 2,956 24,460 Land in orchards 1,657 639 153,614 1,690 15,962 Noncitrus (see text) 890 500 101,400 1,218 10,428 Citrus 126 134 17,929 226 2,421 T ree nuts (see text) 948 182 51,479 629 5,090 Land in berries 487 65 48,858 408 1,779 Land in vegetables 3,123 219 105,472 810 4,924 Pulse crops (see text) 139 10 15,205 38 359 Nursery, greenhouse, and floriculture (see text) 650 226 83,454 639 4,524 Cut Christmas trees 48 8 23,585 126 293 Short rotation woody crops 95 11 3,456 33 116 Maple syrup 9 4 13,483 80 96 Other specialty crops (see text) 10 101 1,416 52 84 2012 Census of Agriculture Specialty Crops 7 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 8. Specialty Crops Acres - United States and States: 2012 [For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text] All specialty crops Land in orchards Land in berries Geographic area Farms Acres Acres irrigated Farms Acres Acres irrigated Farms Acres Acres irrigated United States 244,974 14,004,762 8,756,695 106,488 5,199,729 4,257,033 30,538 289,913 219,331 Alabama 3,633 62,949 24,739 1,522 19,675 2,606 461 1,154 521 Alaska 298 1,429 910 17 21 6 54 42 13 Arizona 3,473 193,269 191,164 1,136 46,182 46,176 38 22 10 Arkansas 1,438 32,527 11,707 536 13,681 1,826 240 893 729 California 45,646 4,338,625 4,246,419 38,098 3,138,943 3,072,245 1,985 52,626 52,626 Colorado 2,382 150,386 134,605 808 6,338 6,338 123 85 55 Connecticut 2,299 26,464 6,986 365 3,335 400 469 1,049 360 Delaware 337 41,442 19,734 21 450 421 57 98 69 Florida 14,483 957,991 782,339 7,529 579,068 491,083 1,460 19,568 14,852 Georgia 6,208 277,760 153,595 3,353 139,111 71,308 871 14,374 9,943 Flawaii 5,236 73,676 18,068 3,488 35,832 8,234 _ _ _ Idaho 3,294 629,276 499,972 482 6,529 6,329 267 201 141 Illinois 3,254 106,556 40,521 926 5,743 713 473 749 349 Indiana 2,935 63,252 22,562 588 3,385 366 488 1,172 506 Iowa 2,295 18,931 4,161 752 2,974 255 405 679 149 Kansas 1,254 37,003 16,274 489 7,100 360 169 185 70 Kentucky 4,282 17,745 5,873 939 3,092 322 844 866 242 Louisiana 2,293 42,862 1 1 ,922 1,007 17,936 2,425 244 816 411 Maine 3,427 124,378 27,523 507 3,536 295 1,109 39,734 12,403 Maryland 1,632 48,208 22,367 358 3,973 806 315 480 263 Massachusetts 3,231 43,679 21,949 456 4,146 765 1,137 15,727 14,207 Michigan 9,731 552,962 147,232 2,502 1 1 1 ,372 13,608 1,444 23,389 16,447 Minnesota 5,075 415,541 71,888 881 5,043 806 549 1,158 605 Mississippi 2,758 67,180 10,613 788 9,843 1,530 493 2,675 1,765 Missouri 3,258 54,092 21,632 1,197 18,769 2,872 665 799 281 Montana 2,066 543,524 50,188 324 1,168 818 81 42 22 Nebraska 1,795 172,175 156,151 372 1,286 339 140 144 43 Nevada 306 16,488 15,863 130 945 945 34 20 20 New Flampshire 1,737 10,542 1,977 250 1,808 109 419 1,068 405 New Jersey 3,312 102,804 66,776 569 8,791 5,123 531 13,872 10,955 New Mexico 4,979 86,585 84,550 3,443 45,722 44,299 138 50 32 New York 9,416 290,232 50,042 2,629 93,661 9,827 1,542 4,217 1,566 North Carolina 8,213 229,124 44,014 1,687 12,899 1,905 1,457 8,427 4,470 North Dakota 2,753 1,158,921 39,214 54 145 42 57 64 14 Ohio 6,169 75,782 27,062 1,406 9,484 551 1,200 1,793 685 Oklahoma 3,574 136,575 25,988 2,736 105,728 2,750 166 345 114 Oregon 9,319 488,082 288,464 3,594 98,211 45,708 1,651 24,573 (D) Pennsylvania 9,913 147,055 24,723 2,282 41,437 3,708 1,940 2,671 865 Rhode Island 547 7,902 3,613 74 378 98 110 339 160 South Carolina 3,344 85,589 45,273 1,122 23,059 11,070 548 1,450 701 South Dakota 469 31,773 4,427 108 372 140 59 68 15 Tennessee 3,266 74,000 25,050 719 3,036 572 648 990 421 Texas 10,987 428,334 219,608 6,966 204,306 69,369 595 2,048 1,111 Utah 1,490 21,730 21,421 712 8,007 7,797 143 383 383 Vermont 3,029 11,236 2,097 378 2,360 370 535 749 280 Virginia 4,538 71,287 19,589 1,365 19,114 2,477 800 1,120 440 Washington 10,074 1,012,658 777,953 4,846 315,456 315,398 1,828 24,076 24,010 West Virginia 1,876 12,482 1,154 613 6,691 136 442 490 97 Wisconsin 7,214 367,253 202,407 1,321 9,481 1,315 1,099 22,362 21,426 Wyoming 436 44,448 44,335 43 109 71 15 12 (D) --continued 8 Specialty Crops 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 8. Specialty Crops Acres - United States and States: 2012 (continued) [For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text] Geographic area Land in vegetables Pulse crops (see text) Nursery, greenhouse, and floriculture (see text) Farms Acres Acres irrigated Farms Acres Acres irrigated Farms Acres Acres irrigated United States 72,045 4,180,891 2,994,823 9,940 2,816,683 526,527 54,557 892,089 597,377 Alabama 1,388 15,060 4,316 48 (D) (D) 671 (D) (D) Alaska 164 1,052 744 1 (D) 199 (D) (D) Arizona 1,945 119,610 119,400 153 (D) (D) 516 (D) (D) Arkansas 625 10,960 5,491 - 291 6,140 3,647 California 6,055 985,735 985,731 368 (D) (D) 4,139 (D) (D) Colorado 763 83,020 83,020 352 43,833 33,464 663 12,689 1 1 ,395 Connecticut 935 8,945 1,962 9 (D) (D) 910 (D) (D) Delaware 222 38,321 17,549 - 97 2,255 1,650 Florida 1,614 215,481 171,495 80 4,228 (D) 5,401 (D) 102,837 Georgia 1,562 92,811 51,931 15 (D) (D) 968 (D) (D) Flawaii 960 8,269 5,725 - - - 1,457 (D) (D) Idaho 1,307 369,404 369,260 1,095 203,387 (D) 785 (D) 20,171 Illinois 1,370 69,847 27,853 15 (D) 1,012 (D) (D) Indiana 1,376 37,498 13,537 8 71 (D) 911 (D) (D) Iowa 962 7,647 2,082 4 (D) (D) 657 5,836 (D) Kansas 441 7,074 5,529 36 15,983 7,033 390 5,650 3,222 Kentucky 2,222 7,196 2,621 2 (D) - 1,308 5,922 (D) Louisiana 661 12,010 4,764 7 (D) (D) 594 (D) (D) Maine 1,473 72,409 13,324 19 (D) (D) 1,148 2,238 (D) Maryland 789 28,131 12,625 2 (D) 553 13,328 (D) Massachusetts 1,404 17,260 4,794 9 (D) (D) 1,056 3,491 (D) Michigan 2,980 156,209 91,665 1,127 (D) 7,100 2,277 28,185 (D) Minnesota 2,623 223,828 33,327 640 (D) (D) 963 (D) (D) Mississippi 1,210 28,703 2,735 24 (D) (D) 471 (D) (D) Missouri 1,215 20,028 12,799 11 (D) (D) 1,025 7,838 (D) Montana 325 9,300 9,300 1,122 529,453 37,816 400 2,094 1,842 Nebraska 474 25,931 24,098 610 139,341 128,015 485 4,663 3,593 Nevada 154 12,006 12,006 - - - 101 (D) (D) New Flampshire 682 3,789 1,053 7 (D) - 550 (D) 402 New Jersey 1,127 45,528 30,970 2 (D) - 1,300 29,953 19,364 New Mexico 2,085 27,370 27,357 26 11,153 11,153 381 (D) 1,685 New York 3,467 132,610 28,472 98 (D) 94 2,257 23,192 (D) North Carolina 3,283 122,516 23,051 33 (D) (D) 2,530 (D) (D) North Dakota 262 88,741 25,344 2,445 (D) (D) 74 (D) (D) Ohio 2,440 34,386 15,646 9 (D) 1,723 (D) 10,016 Oklahoma 492 10,090 5,832 15 (D) (D) 342 18,161 (D) Oregon 1,889 145,813 120,117 188 (D) (D) 2,458 58,763 (D) Pennsylvania 3,968 48,622 13,351 24 631 (D) 3,073 21,391 (D) Rhode Island 243 2,217 612 - - 294 4,395 (D) South Carolina 1,407 25,373 17,242 18 (D) 8 677 (D) (D) South Dakota 179 838 221 85 28,411 (D) 154 (D) (D) Tennessee 1,284 29,325 7,520 - - 1,164 (D) 16,510 Texas 2,296 124,133 84,517 189 (D) (D) 1,873 (D) (D) Utah 786 5,999 5,999 4 (D) (D) 299 6,039 (D) Vermont 789 3,699 1,176 20 48 8 681 631 247 Virginia 1,656 21,072 10,114 - - - 1,464 (D) (D) Washington 2,836 337,859 320,915 731 (D) (D) 1,786 (D) (D) West Virginia 729 2,190 551 - - - 389 (D) 315 Wisconsin 2,873 284,074 164,177 17 5,587 (D) 1,548 17,320 (D) Wyoming 53 905 905 272 42,650 42,650 92 (D) (D) -continued 2012 Census of Agriculture Specialty Crops 9 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 8. Specialty Crops Acres - United States and States: 2012 (continued) [For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text] Geographic area Cut Christmas trees Short rotation woody crops Maple syrup Other specialty crops Farms Acres in production Acres irrigated Farms Acres in production Acres irrigated Farms Taps Gallons Farms Acres Acres irrigated United States 15,494 309,365 12,982 2,403 163,625 16,429 8,261 11,353,403 2,296,317 1,081 152,467 132,192 Alabama 67 680 (D) 46 2,044 25 _ _ _ 2 (D) _ Alaska 4 10 (D) - - - - - - - - Arizona 6 15 15 - - - - - - 5 (D) (D) Arkansas 29 227 14 22 627 - - - - - California 385 13,805 1,181 65 542 158 - - - 79 6,371 6,029 Colorado 105 3,413 123 25 737 67 _ _ _ 23 271 144 Connecticut 620 5,389 47 - - - 166 63,985 10,495 - - - Delaware 31 318 46 - - - - - - - - - Florida 114 946 99 208 5,625 (D) - - - 2 (D) (D) Georgia 145 1,488 239 124 5,864 303 - - - 4 (D) (D) Flawaii 20 52 7 16 (D) 4 - - - 326 (D) (D) Idaho 88 759 63 60 1,476 279 - - - 134 (D) (D) Illinois 271 2,818 46 66 1,140 171 40 10,201 3,331 7 (D) (D) Indiana 202 2,505 90 58 434 16 171 49,496 12,449 27 (D) 5,217 Iowa 161 1,370 32 10 204 (D) 38 5,507 828 8 (D) (D) Kansas 76 545 38 18 466 22 2 (D) (D) _ _ _ Kentucky 120 588 17 9 68 4 42 4,750 531 8 (D) (D) Louisiana 60 494 52 93 (D) 13 2 (D) (D) - Maine 387 5,694 9 15 398 - 517 1,884,466 443,024 1 (D) (D) Maryland 173 2,188 89 12 98 10 12 16,039 2,423 5 (D) (D) Massachusetts 471 2,770 151 18 244 (D) 279 228,955 42,074 9 (D) (D) Michigan 1,077 37,908 5,089 232 4,398 123 648 433,516 69,017 34 (D) (D) Minnesota 301 6,935 343 62 1,942 (D) 194 83,056 10,776 2 (D) Mississippi 66 749 - 193 18,315 (D) - - - - - Missouri 98 1,324 119 52 2,487 (D) 20 1,029 144 1 (D) - Montana 55 1,150 75 _ _ _ 2 (D) (D) 6 317 316 Nebraska 73 642 54 18 163 8 - 6 6 - Nevada 2 (D) (D) - - - - - - 4 1,627 1,627 New Flampshire 248 3,243 9 3 7 - 518 495,588 82,574 - - - New Jersey 809 4,611 360 13 45 4 33 2,685 406 1 (D) - New Mexico 12 26 25 _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 (D) _ New York 1,185 18,623 651 107 7,452 733 1,460 2,064,864 358,603 24 (D) (D) North Carolina 1,370 40,352 314 55 266 (D) 9 1,130 197 41 7,150 (D) North Dakota 10 (D) - 4 170 - - - 1 (D) Ohio 607 7,173 124 114 1,211 41 708 439,567 94,133 4 13 - Oklahoma 39 (D) 68 4 20 (D) _ _ _ _ _ _ Oregon 1,517 53,605 577 126 51,434 (D) 3 86 42 110 (D) (D) Pennsylvania 1,360 31,577 176 84 610 40 573 506,234 96,266 6 116 Rhode Island 68 549 (D) 6 24 18 18 2,572 259 - - - South Carolina 131 1,513 227 206 1 1 ,890 638 - - - 1 (D) (D) South Dakota 9 52 (D) 6 15 (D) - - - 7 (D) (D) Tennessee 146 2,097 27 8 46 8 112 33 1 (D) Texas 152 2,289 426 50 2,397 190 - - - 3 5 (D) Utah 26 75 71 - - - - - - 6 (D) (D) Vermont 288 3,607 12 3 7 (D) 1,553 4,348,163 999,391 4 135 (D) Virginia 594 10,000 48 88 1,174 8 31 19,767 1,800 5 (D) (D) Washington 637 8,327 682 85 (D) (D) 4 36 4 128 (D) (D) West Virginia 211 2,363 55 4 70 - 55 8,804 1,341 2 (D) - Wisconsin 868 23,651 1,073 15 198 (D) 1,155 682,299 66,115 41 4,580 1,709 Wyoming - - - - - - - - 2 (D) - 10 Specialty Crops 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 9. Land in Farms, Harvested Cropland, Irrigated Land, and Market Value of Agricultural Products Sold on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 [For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text] Geographic area Farms Land in farms (acres) Harvested cropland (acres) Irrigated land (acres) Market value of agricultural products sold ($1,000) Total All crops United States 244,974 69,421,278 38,946,620 15,288,373 83,377,662 76,099,264 Alabama 3,633 568,511 167,815 31,637 469,810 380,707 Alaska 298 75,406 4,340 1,193 19,302 18,846 Arizona 3,473 660,026 352,694 341,431 1 ,470,026 1,465,733 Arkansas 1,438 289,702 145,810 66,216 229,882 162,187 California 45,646 9,709,716 5,964,890 5,730,893 30,451,932 28,594,074 Colorado 2,382 1,164,448 554,403 423,307 1,029,391 923,633 Connecticut 2,299 131,218 47,568 8,201 351,735 336,994 Delaware 337 171,889 156,430 67,695 281,724 205,878 Florida 14,483 3,343,617 1 ,259,954 1,046,510 5,486,863 5,273,214 Georgia 6,208 1,683,163 832,869 382,062 1,829,673 1,564,553 Flawaii 5,236 254,469 75,173 21,162 317,931 309,385 Idaho 3,294 2,680,758 2,063,060 1,531,241 2,539,350 2,368,194 Illinois 3,254 762,238 629,542 119,820 900,190 868,186 Indiana 2,935 561,327 462,935 86,478 586,997 524,197 Iowa 2,295 239,328 155,089 8,865 279,196 215,634 Kansas 1,254 402,814 245,534 68,076 200,638 186,456 Kentucky 4,282 509,369 206,497 1 1 ,293 307,739 221,674 Louisiana 2,293 332,720 97,737 25,111 214,422 184,892 Maine 3,427 730,079 208,348 30,357 450,203 437,248 Maryland 1,632 284,433 201,545 56,388 470,096 409,556 Massachusetts 3,231 220,927 64,061 22,902 373,777 360,443 Michigan 9,731 2,200,757 1,684,515 258,945 2,754,847 2,529,893 Minnesota 5,075 2,798,543 2,461,926 224,865 3,048,687 2,469,528 Mississippi 2,758 488,209 233,351 62,457 337,174 280,320 Missouri 3,258 564,659 304,302 74,538 357,310 298,285 Montana 2,066 5,330,392 2,852,375 189,078 901,732 740,346 Nebraska 1,795 1,746,812 942,789 667,847 1,029,364 866,676 Nevada 306 82,620 56,720 56,554 110,481 100,009 New Flampshire 1,737 216,901 33,715 2,585 109,302 91,364 New Jersey 3,312 280,234 171,365 78,468 789,578 784,210 New Mexico 4,979 1 ,294,930 215,946 216,202 501,815 367,382 New York 9,416 1,553,227 812,391 54,532 1,620,827 1 ,368,349 North Carolina 8,213 1,420,017 866,290 73,675 2,185,228 1,824,104 North Dakota 2,753 7,507,018 6,165,958 109,200 3,150,705 3,041,678 Ohio 6,169 647,759 392,508 30,397 865,493 800,430 Oklahoma 3,574 1,356,667 398,128 45,732 436,200 319,183 Oregon 9,319 1,651,860 1,065,985 574,347 2,597,832 2,491,729 Pennsylvania 9,913 996,452 518,521 30,874 1,780,577 1,426,566 Rhode Island 547 29,862 9,987 3,784 48,073 47,382 South Carolina 3,344 525,430 234,176 65,320 532,819 463,412 South Dakota 469 664,105 381,730 35,259 342,533 192,304 Tennessee 3,266 398,799 196,315 29,625 474,055 436,166 Texas 10,987 4,279,451 1,262,236 596,270 2,451,908 2,183,461 Utah 1,490 186,535 66,100 67,335 216,486 189,779 Vermont 3,029 426,073 87,913 3,162 219,106 1 1 1 ,480 Virginia 4,538 629,462 249,992 28,824 621,592 512,089 Washington 10,074 4,834,255 2,075,607 1,164,508 5,669,689 5,532,963 West Virginia 1,876 215,874 40,264 1,434 83,058 72,639 Wisconsin 7,214 1,682,844 1,074,508 295,505 1,666,310 1,392,541 Wyoming 436 635,373 194,713 166,213 214,005 153,314 2012 Census of Agriculture Specialty Crops 11 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 10. Legal Status for Tax Purposes on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 [For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text] Geographic area Total Family er individual Partnership Farms Acres Farms Acres Farms Acres United States 244,974 14,004,762 190,937 5,496,256 21,644 3,285,421 Alabama 3,633 62,949 3,125 36,899 228 10,472 Alaska 298 1,429 237 973 25 127 Arizona 3,473 193,269 2,844 46,376 257 64,941 Arkansas 1,438 32,527 1,197 16,373 94 10,030 California 45,646 4,338,625 33,503 1 ,295,484 5,826 1,272,165 Colorado 2,382 150,386 1,667 60,085 281 37,709 Connecticut 2,299 26,464 1,732 1 1 ,246 236 3,661 Delaware 337 41,442 194 12,111 39 5,626 Florida 14,483 957,991 9,844 216,998 1,019 220,473 Georgia 6,208 277,760 5,108 119,934 397 78,311 Flawaii 5,236 73,676 4,261 18,072 340 5,332 Idaho 3,294 629,276 2,340 249,921 353 204,615 Illinois 3,254 106,556 2,460 52,364 246 20,223 Indiana 2,935 63,252 2,392 32,267 176 11,021 Iowa 2,295 18,931 1,883 12,478 144 1,407 Kansas 1,254 37,003 1,039 15,170 70 6,176 Kentucky 4,282 17,745 3,751 12,004 234 2,752 Louisiana 2,293 42,862 1,915 25,234 144 1 1 ,445 Maine 3,427 124,378 2,802 47,516 249 19,551 Maryland 1,632 48,208 1,207 18,278 144 8,512 Massachusetts 3,231 43,679 2,442 19,459 280 6,810 Michigan 9,731 552,962 7,459 256,118 949 124,371 Minnesota 5,075 415,541 3,980 231,112 387 75,341 Mississippi 2,758 67,180 2,432 44,363 143 10,860 Missouri 3,258 54,092 2,739 27,318 226 10,750 Montana 2,066 543,524 1,300 239,670 219 62,102 Nebraska 1,795 172,175 1,294 73,969 138 41,740 Nevada 306 16,488 207 2,490 29 (D) New Flampshire 1,737 10,542 1,407 6,545 165 1,968 New Jersey 3,312 102,804 2,466 37,317 352 19,558 New Mexico 4,979 86,585 4,491 31,047 169 19,385 New York 9,416 290,232 7,430 127,005 832 59,653 North Carolina 8,213 229,124 6,560 97,052 630 32,294 North Dakota 2,753 1,158,921 2,229 822,753 324 221,077 Ohio 6,169 75,782 5,097 35,153 417 10,142 Oklahoma 3,574 136,575 3,141 100,595 212 19,284 Oregon 9,319 488,082 6,908 136,191 856 86,282 Pennsylvania 9,913 147,055 8,337 80,623 704 24,754 Rhode Island 547 7,902 365 2,569 72 (D) South Carolina 3,344 85,589 2,863 30,662 182 18,806 South Dakota 469 31,773 335 14,871 32 6,700 Tennessee 3,266 74,000 2,864 44,745 194 6,975 Texas 10,987 428,334 9,057 205,156 962 1 1 1 ,076 Utah 1,490 21,730 1,127 5,703 143 4,651 Vermont 3,029 1 1 ,236 2,475 7,096 289 2,059 Virginia 4,538 71,287 3,499 30,058 406 13,084 Washington 10,074 1,012,658 7,243 334,060 1,125 221,766 West Virginia 1,876 12,482 1,651 7,603 93 491 Wisconsin 7,214 367,253 5,728 120,717 568 67,626 Wyoming 436 44,448 310 24,456 44 8,649 --continued 12 Specialty Crops 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 10. Legal Status for Tax Purposes on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 (continued) [For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text] Geographic area Corporation (family held) Corporation (other than family held) Other - cooperative, estate or trust, institutional, etc. Farms Acres Farms Acres Farms Acres United States 23,706 4,148,989 3,488 770,016 5,199 304,081 Alabama 214 13,440 25 1,313 41 825 Alaska 26 210 3 (D) 7 (D) Arizona 237 49,577 68 24,122 67 8,253 Arkansas 104 5,138 12 28 31 958 California 3,976 1,292,197 694 311,978 1,647 166,802 Colorado 332 42,475 42 6,043 60 4,075 Connecticut 202 8,989 42 1,623 87 945 Delaware 81 23,454 3 (D) 20 (D) Florida 2,814 430,108 486 70,946 320 19,465 Georgia 522 65,344 83 11,625 98 2,546 Flawaii 367 13,321 116 35,937 152 1,013 Idaho 491 160,267 47 10,813 63 3,660 Illinois 412 30,783 61 (D) 75 (D) Indiana 284 17,727 37 (D) 46 (D) Iowa 205 4,693 27 212 36 140 Kansas 106 14,161 15 1,353 24 144 Kentucky 212 2,505 32 220 53 263 Louisiana 170 5,070 27 735 37 378 Maine 276 52,878 25 675 75 3,758 Maryland 218 19,097 36 2,099 27 221 Massachusetts 310 12,571 66 3,294 133 1,544 Michigan 1,047 152,844 101 15,188 175 4,441 Minnesota 607 101,977 52 3,901 49 3,210 Mississippi 132 8,197 26 2,296 25 1,465 Missouri 216 13,629 19 820 58 1,576 Montana 465 216,736 40 17,318 42 7,698 Nebraska 305 53,473 28 1,638 30 1,355 Nevada 45 5,299 7 (D) 18 18 New Flampshire 87 1,574 24 182 54 274 New Jersey 399 38,555 47 6,074 48 1,299 New Mexico 198 17,818 25 (D) 96 (D) New York 920 94,787 133 5,497 101 3,290 North Carolina 818 89,350 80 8,690 125 1,738 North Dakota 169 103,676 10 5,393 21 6,021 Ohio 487 27,382 61 2,458 107 648 Oklahoma 142 13,198 16 1,081 63 2,417 Oregon 1,196 178,115 165 80,228 194 7,267 Pennsylvania 704 39,294 81 1,602 87 783 Rhode Island 90 3,771 10 91 10 (D) South Carolina 219 29,139 34 5,989 46 992 South Dakota 81 8,712 7 90 14 1,400 Tennessee 117 10,073 32 11,921 59 285 Texas 680 82,827 104 19,376 184 9,900 Utah 129 8,934 34 993 57 1,448 Vermont 161 1,832 60 147 44 103 Virginia 511 25,560 74 1,762 48 822 Washington 1,364 382,569 170 59,510 172 14,753 West Virginia 75 4,010 6 40 51 338 Wisconsin 710 160,989 90 15,332 118 2,590 Wyoming 73 10,662 5 (D) 4 (D) 2012 Census of Agriculture Specialty Crops 13 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 1 1 . Hired Farm Labor on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 [For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text] Geographic area All hired labor Workers by days worked Migrant labor Farms Workers Less than 1 50 days 1 50 days or more On farms with hired labor (farms) On farms reporting only contract labor (farms) Farms Workers Farms Workers United States 105,423 1,351,219 81,528 883,567 55,397 467,652 10,858 1,878 Alabama 1,239 7,652 976 4,834 541 2,818 74 19 Alaska 114 876 102 709 41 167 1 - Arizona 1,211 15,553 899 7,309 576 8,244 51 7 Arkansas 477 3,287 388 2,340 218 947 27 4 California 24,003 414,564 16,638 241,065 13,914 173,499 2,579 690 Colorado 1,165 13,480 925 8,880 721 4,600 172 23 Connecticut 820 8,356 633 4,471 479 3,885 65 1 Delaware 197 1,632 145 981 136 651 29 6 Florida 6,085 81,058 3,955 44,588 3,539 36,470 564 299 Georgia 2,492 24,320 1,884 17,153 1,212 7,167 254 66 Hawaii 1,614 9,290 1,164 4,909 794 4,381 57 47 Idaho 1,936 23,809 1,552 16,517 1,228 7,292 322 24 Illinois 1,462 14,285 1,214 8,847 731 5,438 83 6 Indiana 1,143 8,030 990 6,003 487 2,027 74 9 Iowa 820 5,260 713 3,945 288 1,315 9 2 Kansas 473 3,517 387 2,572 231 945 11 _ Kentucky 1,392 6,850 1,164 4,895 516 1,955 131 25 Louisiana 825 4,789 622 3,046 369 1,743 67 13 Maine 1,304 11,201 1,170 8,220 585 2,981 87 15 Maryland 787 6,493 615 3,617 441 2,876 95 6 Massachusetts 1,330 10,250 1,070 6,274 735 3,976 101 4 Michigan 4,496 52,134 3,873 38,977 2,160 13,157 664 74 Minnesota 2,655 18,773 2,249 13,572 1,213 5,201 164 3 Mississippi 966 5,854 767 4,196 397 1,658 70 11 Missouri 1,103 7,157 949 5,391 453 1,766 48 1 Montana 951 4,673 676 3,029 586 1,644 79 25 Nebraska 932 5,802 730 4,023 486 1,779 41 5 Nevada 158 1,989 134 1,072 92 917 12 6 New Hampshire 537 3,897 452 2,871 260 1,026 27 - New Jersey 1,399 20,658 992 13,873 885 6,785 258 14 New Mexico 1,447 8,522 1,116 5,442 651 3,080 49 10 New York 3,736 35,092 3,054 21,960 2,079 13,132 608 34 North Carolina 3,506 34,791 2,779 21,702 1,777 13,089 725 110 North Dakota 1,726 8,291 1,282 5,443 1,086 2,848 146 3 Ohio 2,278 21,473 1,971 14,801 965 6,672 144 5 Oklahoma 1,045 6,356 829 3,454 424 2,902 19 5 Oregon 4,411 76,947 3,714 56,715 2,290 20,232 597 75 Pennsylvania 3,874 31,244 3,221 18,651 1,663 12,593 249 17 Rhode Island 263 1,501 191 886 173 615 6 - South Carolina 1,133 9,969 869 6,093 503 3,876 97 10 South Dakota 237 1,469 194 946 128 523 4 _ Tennessee 1,213 8,411 1,030 5,806 482 2,605 144 21 Texas 4,076 30,102 2,777 14,792 2,366 15,310 226 60 Utah 539 4,998 473 3,363 209 1,635 45 2 Vermont 996 4,427 800 2,935 475 1,492 56 1 Virginia 1,871 14,826 1,529 9,372 876 5,454 151 26 Washington 5,464 230,645 4,746 184,456 3,180 46,189 1,236 75 West Virginia 434 2,621 375 1,825 137 796 18 1 Wisconsin 2,853 22,883 2,383 16,033 1,473 6,850 94 6 Wyoming 235 1,162 167 713 146 449 28 12 14 Specialty Crops 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 12. Principal Operator Characteristics on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 Geographic area Operators Sex of operator Primary occupation Days worked off farm Male Female Farming Other None Any United States 244,974 207,408 37,566 134,649 110,325 98,782 146,192 Alabama 3,633 3,122 511 1,823 1,810 1,521 2,112 Alaska 298 172 126 175 123 139 159 Arizona 3,473 2,296 1,177 2,443 1,030 1,494 1,979 Arkansas 1,438 1,235 203 695 743 568 870 California 45,646 39,185 6,461 25,692 19,954 17,931 27,715 Colorado 2,382 1,962 420 1,452 930 1,075 1,307 Connecticut 2,299 1,864 435 1,173 1,126 845 1,454 Delaware 337 300 37 253 84 219 118 Florida 14,483 12,117 2,366 7,637 6,846 6,218 8,265 Georgia 6,208 5,345 863 3,058 3,150 2,557 3,651 Hawaii 5,236 4,031 1,205 2,850 2,386 1,669 3,567 Idaho 3,294 2,952 342 2,344 950 1,676 1,618 Illinois 3,254 2,841 413 1,721 1,533 1,305 1,949 Indiana 2,935 2,588 347 1,395 1,540 1,013 1,922 Iowa 2,295 1,914 381 1,112 1,183 791 1,504 Kansas 1,254 1,054 200 595 659 449 805 Kentucky 4,282 3,705 577 2,052 2,230 1,447 2,835 Louisiana 2,293 1,999 294 1,027 1,266 835 1,458 Maine 3,427 2,496 931 1,837 1,590 1,289 2,138 Maryland 1,632 1,379 253 967 665 705 927 Massachusetts 3,231 2,396 835 1,788 1,443 1,183 2,048 Michigan 9,731 8,492 1,239 5,768 3,963 4,302 5,429 Minnesota 5,075 4,453 622 3,221 1,854 2,112 2,963 Mississippi 2,758 2,414 344 1,389 1,369 1,079 1,679 Missouri 3,258 2,796 462 1,604 1,654 1,102 2,156 Montana 2,066 1,751 315 1,505 561 1,085 981 Nebraska 1,795 1,559 236 1,078 717 812 983 Nevada 306 250 56 191 115 118 188 New Hampshire 1,737 1,332 405 912 825 630 1,107 New Jersey 3,312 2,831 481 1,767 1,545 1,324 1,988 New Mexico 4,979 4,117 862 2,310 2,669 1,720 3,259 New York 9,416 7,983 1,433 5,548 3,868 4,066 5,350 North Carolina 8,213 7,171 1,042 4,458 3,755 3,352 4,861 North Dakota 2,753 2,675 78 2,422 331 1,754 999 Ohio 6,169 5,332 837 2,972 3,197 2,190 3,979 Oklahoma 3,574 3,153 421 1,717 1,857 1,386 2,188 Oregon 9,319 7,531 1,788 5,048 4,271 3,878 5,441 Pennsylvania 9,913 8,638 1,275 5,701 4,212 4,032 5,881 Rhode Island 547 408 139 303 244 204 343 South Carolina 3,344 2,860 484 1,609 1,735 1,335 2,009 South Dakota 469 422 47 258 211 188 281 Tennessee 3,266 2,850 416 1,702 1,564 1,298 1,968 Texas 10,987 9,422 1,565 5,582 5,405 4,333 6,654 Utah 1,490 1,260 230 698 792 534 956 Vermont 3,029 2,449 580 1,449 1,580 1,007 2,022 Virginia 4,538 3,639 899 2,264 2,274 1,750 2,788 Washington 10,074 8,350 1,724 5,946 4,128 4,362 5,712 West Virginia 1,876 1,567 309 830 1,046 659 1,217 Wisconsin 7,214 6,372 842 3,979 3,235 2,979 4,235 Wyoming 436 378 58 329 107 262 174 -continued 2012 Census of Agriculture Specialty Crops 15 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 12. Principal Operator Characteristics on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 (continued) Geographic area Percent of operator's total household income from farming Average age of operator Less than 25 percent 25 to 49 percent 50 to 74 percent 75 to 99 percent 1 00 percent United States 161,276 20,534 24,401 19,601 19,162 58.3 Alabama 2,825 232 248 181 147 60.5 Alaska 196 33 30 20 19 55.5 Arizona 2,692 253 202 142 184 61.2 Arkansas 1,026 115 121 85 91 57.5 California 28,717 4,640 5,662 3,698 2,929 60.3 Colorado 1,409 208 236 238 291 57.3 Connecticut 1,752 132 170 104 141 58.9 Delaware 152 24 54 50 57 57.3 Florida 10,382 1,112 1,301 783 905 60.4 Georgia 4,454 478 548 340 388 59.6 Hawaii 3,685 521 491 235 304 60.7 Idaho 1,381 330 505 496 582 55.2 Illinois 2,054 294 316 342 248 56.1 Indiana 1,871 249 317 241 257 53.9 Iowa 1,535 232 194 186 148 55.2 Kansas 866 116 106 87 79 58.0 Kentucky 2,998 347 372 325 240 54.9 Louisiana 1,810 160 139 78 106 59.3 Maine 2,285 303 346 207 286 56.4 Maryland 1,006 119 173 172 162 57.4 Massachusetts 2,058 273 375 228 297 56.5 Michigan 5,771 853 1,110 936 1,061 56.8 Minnesota 2,486 472 733 815 569 56.0 Mississippi 2,174 199 188 84 113 59.6 Missouri 2,245 277 301 249 186 55.6 Montana 842 135 296 421 372 56.8 Nebraska 917 151 222 255 250 55.0 Nevada 211 28 11 34 22 59.4 New Hampshire 1,310 107 143 71 106 58.0 New Jersey 2,320 191 292 211 298 59.3 New Mexico 4,171 270 227 176 135 60.6 New York 5,875 841 978 824 898 56.9 North Carolina 5,614 639 806 554 600 58.2 North Dakota 404 162 479 917 791 52.7 Ohio 4,216 519 536 475 423 55.4 Oklahoma 2,606 367 271 216 114 60.7 Oregon 6,378 698 807 709 727 58.7 Pennsylvania 5,985 758 906 1,121 1,143 54.3 Rhode Island 333 84 44 33 53 56.6 South Carolina 2,664 189 213 132 146 59.8 South Dakota 241 46 67 65 50 54.5 Tennessee 2,311 280 272 180 223 57.3 Texas 8,406 737 752 579 513 61.4 Utah 1,181 95 87 55 72 60.0 Vermont 2,128 236 310 174 181 56.2 Virginia 3,247 346 376 266 303 58.1 Washington 6,143 833 1,117 949 1,032 57.6 West Virginia 1,554 121 106 42 53 58.6 Wisconsin 4,237 679 778 744 776 56.3 Wyoming 152 50 67 76 91 55.5 16 Specialty Crops 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 13. Race and Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino Origin of Principal Operator on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 [For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory texF Geographic area Operators Operators reporting one race Operators reporting more than one race Operators reporting Spanish, Flispanic or Latino origin American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Black or African American Native Flawaiian or Other Pacific Islander White United States 244,974 4,254 8,980 3,576 674 225,676 1,814 15,371 Alabama 3,633 37 10 321 1 3,233 31 46 Alaska 298 8 1 - - 286 3 6 Arizona 3,473 1,662 57 10 - 1,722 22 171 Arkansas 1,438 22 11 56 - 1,341 8 15 California 45,646 584 4,181 176 204 40,172 329 6,743 Colorado 2,382 11 33 5 6 2,308 19 106 Connecticut 2,299 8 13 6 - 2,246 26 36 Delaware 337 - 1 1 - 334 1 6 Florida 14,483 93 568 359 24 13,380 59 2,068 Georgia 6,208 16 44 350 7 5,765 26 49 Flawaii 5,236 20 2,424 14 339 2,033 406 257 Idaho 3,294 9 40 7 5 3,219 14 86 Illinois 3,254 6 19 12 - 3,202 15 45 Indiana 2,935 - 10 2 - 2,913 10 16 Iowa 2,295 3 22 7 1 2,247 15 13 Kansas 1,254 15 5 3 1 1,221 9 27 Kentucky 4,282 22 10 17 2 4,202 29 29 Louisiana 2,293 41 24 165 7 2,039 17 67 Maine 3,427 9 3 67 - 3,318 30 15 Maryland 1,632 4 17 30 - 1,569 12 27 Massachusetts 3,231 5 62 72 1 3,086 5 89 Michigan 9,731 48 23 80 8 9,536 36 211 Minnesota 5,075 18 229 7 3 4,812 6 28 Mississippi 2,758 7 4 427 4 2,299 17 56 Missouri 3,258 14 22 11 4 3,171 36 27 Montana 2,066 35 7 _ 2 2,018 4 14 Nebraska 1,795 - 2 1 - 1,788 4 25 Nevada 306 18 11 - - 275 2 10 New Flampshire 1,737 2 3 22 - 1,693 17 11 New Jersey 3,312 3 73 16 4 3,203 13 52 New Mexico 4,979 605 18 16 _ 4,291 49 2,165 New York 9,416 17 57 23 4 9,276 39 104 North Carolina 8,213 45 40 227 - 7,868 33 111 North Dakota 2,753 7 2 - - 2,743 1 9 Ohio 6,169 15 14 15 - 6,103 22 59 Oklahoma 3,574 316 18 96 3 3,043 98 48 Oregon 9,319 40 198 11 11 9,004 55 308 Pennsylvania 9,913 19 26 8 5 9,823 32 72 Rhode Island 547 - 13 4 - 530 - 2 South Carolina 3,344 34 13 346 - 2,936 15 30 South Dakota 469 14 _ _ _ 453 2 2 Tennessee 3,266 38 14 43 - 3,158 13 42 Texas 10,987 145 111 349 - 10,301 81 1,034 Utah 1,490 47 14 1 4 1,422 2 49 Vermont 3,029 11 8 17 4 2,972 17 21 Virginia 4,538 38 34 147 _ 4,303 16 55 Washington 10,074 118 324 13 18 9,500 101 852 West Virginia 1,876 12 5 4 - 1,848 7 20 Wisconsin 7,214 12 140 12 2 7,039 9 27 Wyoming 436 1 2 - - 432 1 10 2012 Census of Agriculture Specialty Crops 17 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Table 14. Selected Operator Characteristics on Farms with Specialty Crops - United States and States: 2012 [Data are for a maximum of three operators. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text] Geographic area Operators Women operators Average age of operators Operators reporting one race Operators reporting more than one race Operators reporting Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino origin American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Black or African American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander White United States 388,708 124,237 56.2 6,845 14,086 5,082 1,027 358,712 2,956 24,460 Alabama 5,532 1,699 58.2 54 16 441 4 4,972 45 63 Alaska 486 243 53.7 13 2 - 1 465 5 15 Arizona 5,741 2,376 57.7 2,824 73 20 6 2,786 32 296 Arkansas 2,292 793 55.2 31 25 77 - 2,138 21 22 California 70,800 20,179 58.2 861 6,471 269 284 62,388 527 10,577 Colorado 3,977 1,377 55.1 20 58 14 8 3,848 29 187 Connecticut 3,718 1,309 56.5 10 16 10 - 3,641 41 57 Delaware 573 157 55.5 1 2 2 - 566 2 7 Florida 22,190 6,865 58.4 132 914 506 44 20,476 118 3,170 Georgia 9,250 2,676 57.6 25 78 478 8 8,627 34 78 Hawaii 7,982 2,953 59.0 37 3,487 16 504 3,267 671 396 Idaho 5,382 1,463 53.2 21 75 8 5 5,247 26 164 Illinois 5,200 1,640 54.5 6 43 29 - 5,100 22 83 Indiana 4,760 1,590 51.9 3 20 2 1 4,720 14 28 Iowa 3,850 1,462 53.5 4 38 7 2 3,781 18 32 Kansas 2,056 721 55.8 20 12 4 2 2,006 12 53 Kentucky 6,883 2,344 53.0 29 27 26 6 6,758 37 47 Louisiana 3,523 1,145 57.4 48 43 238 12 3,160 22 125 Maine 5,601 2,215 54.7 24 5 68 3 5,446 55 42 Maryland 2,682 852 55.1 5 31 42 - 2,587 17 55 Massachusetts 5,129 1,936 54.5 8 116 101 1 4,895 8 128 Michigan 15,623 4,695 54.8 68 44 119 10 15,307 75 318 Minnesota 8,147 2,402 54.2 24 375 12 4 7,712 20 59 Mississippi 4,216 1,328 57.3 16 10 600 4 3,556 30 93 Missouri 5,381 1,936 53.7 27 42 15 8 5,224 65 40 Montana 3,359 1,029 55.5 56 16 2 2 3,272 11 20 Nebraska 2,963 953 53.4 2 2 1 - 2,950 8 54 Nevada 556 227 55.6 30 20 - - 504 2 28 New Hampshire 2,893 1,125 55.8 3 6 35 - 2,831 18 19 New Jersey 5,315 1 ,656 56.8 5 135 26 7 5,123 19 94 New Mexico 7,900 2,777 58.4 972 41 16 5 6,801 65 3,301 New York 14,994 4,807 54.8 32 106 38 4 14,739 75 171 North Carolina 12,689 3,661 56.1 93 92 334 2 12,115 53 180 North Dakota 4,164 765 51.7 10 2 - - 4,151 1 20 Ohio 10,076 3,271 53.1 20 28 19 2 9,980 27 99 Oklahoma 5,656 1,898 58.3 506 39 128 6 4,832 145 76 Oregon 15,378 5,640 56.6 80 312 17 23 14,839 107 569 Pennsylvania 15,747 4,817 52.2 22 42 18 6 15,607 52 143 Rhode Island 915 339 53.5 - 17 4 - 894 - 7 South Carolina 5,061 1,526 57.7 53 24 494 2 4,460 28 50 South Dakota 819 255 51.9 27 _ _ _ 788 4 5 Tennessee 5,148 1,589 55.3 46 20 64 1 4,988 29 59 Texas 17,280 5,686 59.1 194 195 519 6 16,233 133 1,648 Utah 2,441 783 57.1 74 17 1 9 2,334 6 67 Vermont 5,032 1,863 54.2 15 17 22 4 4,944 30 49 Virginia 7,370 2,649 55.9 51 82 189 _ 7,015 33 114 Washington 16,504 5,508 55.7 193 581 26 25 15,541 138 1,446 West Virginia 2,935 1,018 56.5 20 9 5 1 2,890 10 27 Wisconsin 11,816 3,818 54.3 29 258 20 5 1 1 ,489 15 65 Wyoming 723 221 53.9 1 2 - - 719 1 14 18 Specialty Crops 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Appendix Methodology and General Terms METHODOLOGY This publication is a special tabulation of data collected in the 2012 Census of Agrieulture. For methodology deseription, please refer to the 2012 Census of Agrieulture, Volume 1, at http://www.ageensus.usda.gov/Publieations/2012/Fu ll_Report/V olume_ 1 ,_Chapter_ 1 _U S/usappxa.pdf . TERMS AND DEFINITIONS The following definitions and explanations provide a detailed deseription of speeifie terms and phrases used in this publieation. Items in the publieation tables whieh earry the note “See text” also are explained. For more details relating to the eensus of agrieulture program, go to the NASS website at http://www.ageensus.usda.gov/. Acres. Crops were reported in whole aeres, exeept for the following erops that were reported in tenths of aeres: nursery and greenhouse erops in the open, vegetables ineluding potatoes and sweet potatoes, fruit and nut erops ineluding land in orehards, and berries. Totals for erops reported in tenths of aeres were rounded to whole aeres at the aggregate level during the tabulation proeess. Nursery and greenhouse erops grown under glass or other proteetion were reported in square feet but were eonverted to aeres for this report. Aeres of maple syrup were not defined and were not ineluded in total aeres but are ineluded in the farm eount. If two or more erops were harvested from the same land during the year (double eropping), the aeres were eounted for eaeh erop. Therefore, the sum of all the individual erops harvested generally exeeeded the aeres of harvested eropland. For this publieation, land in vegetables, land in berries, land in orehards, hortieulture aeres in the open, and area under proteetion are used and not the sum of individual erops on those aeres. This represents the aeres used, 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service regardless of the number of erops or number of times the aeres were harvested. See Nursery, greenhouse, and florieulture for additional explanation. If a erop was planted but not harvested, the aeres were not reported as harvested. This does not inelude fruit and nut orehards, vineyards, berries, aeres in produetion for eut Christmas trees, and aeres in produetion for short rotation woody erops that were not harvested. Aereage for these eommodities was ineluded in eropland harvested whether the erop was harvested or not. Pulse erops harvested were ineluded regardless of double eropping that may have oeeurred on the same aeres. Cropland in abandoned orehards is not ineluded. Average age. Data on age were obtained from up to three operators per farm in 2012. Average age is published for the prineipal operator and for up to three farm operators on the operation. Berries. See Land in Berries. Citrus. This is a summation of the total aeres defined as eitrus sueh as oranges, grapefruit, lemons, and mandarins. Crop year or production year. Acres and quantity harvested are for the calendar year 2012 except for citrus crops in Arkansas, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas; avocados in Florida, California, and Arizona; olives in California and Arizona; and pineapples and coffee in Hawaii. 1. Avocados. The data for Florida relate to the quantity in the April 2012 through March 2013 harvest season; for California and Arizona, the November 2011 through November 2012 harvest season. 2. Citrus crops. The data for Arkansas, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, and Texas relate to the quantity harvested in the September Appendix A - 1 2011 through August 2012 harvest season, exeept for lime data in Florida and Texas, whieh relate to the April 2012 through Mareh 2013 harvest season. The eitrus erops data for California and Arizona relate to the 2012 through 2013 harvest season. 3. Olives. The data for California and Arizona relate to the September 2011 through Mareh 2012 harvest season. 4. Pineapples. The data for Hawaii relate to the quantity harvested in the year ending May 31, 2012. Cut Christmas trees. Data are for aeres of Christmas trees in produetion, either eut or to be eut, the number of these aeres irrigated, and the value of sales of the harvested trees. Farms. The term “farms” and “farms reporting” in the presentation of data are equivalent. Both represent the number of farms reporting the item. For example, if there are 3,710 farms in a State and 842 farms had 28,594 aeres of tree nuts, the data for those farms reporting tree nuts would appear as: Tree nuts farms 842 aeres . . . 28,594 Farms with specialty crops by percent of principal operator’s total household income from farming. These data are for the prineipal operator only. Farms by size. All farms were elassified into size groups aeeording to the land in farms. Land in farms ineludes land owned plus land rented from others (not ineluding AUM land) minus land rented to others. Farms by legal status for tax purposes. All farms were elassified by legal status in the 2012 eensus. In the 2007 eensus, this eategory was referred to as Farms by type of organization. This seetion eolleets information for federal tax purposes to determine an operation’s legal status. The classifications used were: 1. Family or individual (sole proprietorship), excluding partnership and corporation. 2. Partnership, including family partnership. 3. Corporation, subclassified as family held or other than family held. A - 2 Appendix 4. Other, cooperative, estate or trust, institutional, etc. Fruits, tree nuts, and berries. See Land in orchards. Harvested cropland. This category includes land from which crops were harvested and forage and hay were cut, land used to grow short-rotation woody crops and Christmas trees, land in orchards, groves, vineyards, berries, nurseries, and greenhouses. Land from which two or more crops were harvested was counted only once. Land in tapped maple trees was included in woodland not pastured. Hired farm labor. Data are for total hired farm workers, including paid family members, by number of days worked. Irrigated land. This category includes all land watered by any artificial or controlled means, such as sprinklers, flooding, furrows or ditches, subirrigation, and spreader dikes. Included are supplemental, partial, and preplant irrigation. Each acre was counted only once regardless of the number of times it was irrigated or harvested. Land in farms. The acreage designated as “land in farms” consists primarily of agricultural land used for crops, pasture, or grazing. It is land owned plus land rented from others (not including AUM land) minus land rented to others. It also includes woodland and wasteland not actually under cultivation or used for pasture or grazing, provided it was part of the farm operator’s total operation. Large acreages of woodland or wasteland held for nonagricultural purposes were deleted from individual reports during the edit process. Land in farms includes CRP, WRP, FWP, and CREP acres. Eor definitions of these types of land, please refer to 2012 Census of Agriculture, Volume 1, Appendix B. Land in farms is an operating unit concept and includes land owned and operated as well as land rented from others (not included AUM land). Land used rent free was reported as land rented from others. All grazing land, except land used under government permits on a per-head basis, was included as “land in farms” provided it was part of a farm or ranch. Land under the exclusive use of a grazing association was reported by the grazing 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service association and included in the grazing assoeiation farm as land in farms. All land in Ameriean Indian reservations used for growing erops, grazing livestoek, or the potential of grazing livestoek was included as land in farms. Land in reservations not reported by reservation, individual Ameriean Indians, or non- Native Amerieans was reported in the name of the cooperative group that used the land. In some instanees, an entire Ameriean Indian reservation was reported as one farm. Land in berries. This eategory is the total aeres of berries grown, whieh ineludes acres harvested and not harvested. The data are eomparable with the berries data in the 2007 Speeialty Crops publieation. Land in orchards. This eategory is the total aeres of fruit and tree nuts, whieh ineludes both bearing and non-bearing age. Respondents were instrueted not to report abandoned plantings and plantings of fewer than 20 total fruit, eitrus, or nut trees or grapevines. In the 2007 Specialty Crops publication. Land in orchards was not published separately but was combined with aereage of berries. Land in vegetables. This eategory is the land planted to vegetable erops, ineluding melons. It is not the sum of the individual vegetable erops whieh may be double cropped on the land in vegetables. The data are eomparable with the vegetables, potatoes, and melons data in the 2007 Speeialty Crops publieation. Maple syrup. Data are for farms and the gallons of syrup produeed. Market value of agricultural products sold. This category represents the gross market value before taxes and production expenses of all agricultural products sold or removed from the place in 2012 regardless of who received the payment. It is equivalent to total sales and it includes sales by the operators as well as the value of any shares received by partners, landlords, contractors, or others associated with the operation. It includes the value of direct sales, but not the value of commodities placed in Commodity Credit Corporation (CCC) loan programs. Market value of agricultural products sold does not include payments received for participation in other federal farm programs. Also, it does not include income from farm-related sources such as 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service customwork and other agricultural services, or income from nonfarm sources. Market value of all crops. Crops included in this category are the value of sales for all crops in the 2012 on farms with specialty crops. This includes, but is not limited to, row crops, small grains, forage crops, vegetables, orchards, vineyards, berries, horticulture, and other specialty crops. The value of crops sold in 2012 does not necessarily represent the sales from crops harvested in 2012. Data may include sales from crops produced in earlier years and may exclude some crops produced in 2012 but held in storage and not sold. The value of agricultural products sold was requested of all operators. If the operators failed to report this information, estimates were made based on the amount of crops harvested, livestock or poultry inventory, or number sold. Sales figures are expressed in current dollars and have not been adjusted for inflation or deflation. Migrant farm labor on farms with hired labor. Operators were asked whether any hired or contract workers were migrant workers. A migrant farm worker is a farm worker whose employment required travel that prevented the worker from returning to his/her permanent place of residence the same day. Migrant farm labor on farms reporting only contract labor. Data are for those operations that did not have hired farm workers but reported that they did have migrant contract workers on their operation in 2012. More than one race reported. This category represents those operators who choose to report more than one race on the census form. Noncitrus fruit. This is a summation of the fruit acres reported and defined as noncitrus such as apples, grapes, and plums. Nursery, greenhouse, and floriculture. In the 2012 census, individual data were collected for area under glass or other protection, area in the open, and sales. In the 2007 census, total area in the open and area under protection were not asked. The total acres for Appendix A - 3 this category are not eomparable with data in the 2007 Speeialty Crop publieation, Tables 1 and 2. Operator. The term operator designates a person who operates a farm, either by doing the work or making day-to-day deeisions about sueh things as planting, harvesting, feeding, and marketing. The operator may be the owner, a member of the owner’s household, a hired manager, a tenant, a renter, or a shareeropper. If a person rents land to others or has land worked on shares by others, he/she is eonsidered the operator only of the land whieh is retained for his/her own operation, if any. The eensus eolleeted information on the total number of operators, the total number of women operators, and demographie information for up to three operators per farm. Operator characteristics. Operators (up to three operators per farm) were asked to report primary oecupation, sex, age, raee, Spanish, Hispanie, or Latino origin, and a few other demographics. Information on the total number of operators and total number of women operators was eolleeted from each operation. Operators, number. Demographie and other information were eolleeted for up to three operators per farm - the prineipal operator plus up to two additional operators. This may be fewer than the total operators on some farms. Demographie data for up to three operators reported are presented for women, raee eategories, and for Spanish, Hispanie, or Latino origin. Other specialty crops. Data for this category relate to other specialty crops acres harvested and irrigated acres harvested. Commodities included in this category are dried herbs, ginger root, hops, jojoba, peppermint, pineapples harvested, spearmint, sweet corn for seed, and taro. Primary occupation of principal operator. Data on age and primary occupation were obtained from up to three operators per farm. Data are reported for the principal operator only in this publication. The primary occupation classifications used were: 1. Farming or ranch work. The operator spent 50- percent or more of his/her worktime during 2012 at farming or ranching. A - 4 Appendix 2. Other. The operator spent less than 50-percent of his/her worktime during 2012 in farming or ranching operations. Principal operator. This is the person primarily responsible for the on-site, day-to-day operation of the farm or ranch business. This person may be the owner, tenant, hired manager, or business manager. See Operator for further explanation. Pulse crops. Commodities included in this category are dry edible beans (including chickpeas, cowpeas, and limas), dry peas (including dry edible, wrinkled seed, and Austrian winter), and lentils. Data are for acres harvested and irrigated acres harvested. Race of operator. With the exception of Hawaii, data were collected for American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and White operators. Respondents were asked to mark one or more of the race categories. In Hawaii, operator race data were collected for American Indian or Alaska Native, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, Other Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian, other Pacific Islander, and White. The combination of Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander is equivalent to the Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander category on the other forms. The combination of Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Other Asian categories is equivalent to the Asian category on the other forms. Short rotation woody crops. Acreage data are for acres in production of short rotation woody crops that grow from seed to a mature tree in 10 years or less. Value of sales data are for the trees that were harvested and sold. These are trees for use by the paper or pulp industry or as engineered wood. This does not include trees harvested for timber. Acres in production were included in Cropland harvested in the “Land” section of the census report form. Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino origin. Operators of Spanish, Hispanic, or Latino origin are found in all of the racial groups listed in the census and were tabulated according to the race reported. Specialty crops. Included in this category are fruits, tree nuts, berries, vegetables, potatoes, melons, pulse crops, nursery, greenhouse, floriculture, cut 2012 Census of Agriculture USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service Christmas trees, short rotation woody erops and other speeialty erops. nuts sueh as almonds, maeadamia nuts, peeans, pistaehios, and walnuts. It does not inelude peanuts. Tree nuts. This eategory ineludes the aeres in produetion reported in eommodities defined as tree 2012 Census of Agriculture Appendix A - 5 USDA, National Agricultural Statistics Service