Hermatypic Corals

Of Western Australia

Records and annotated species list

J.E.N. Veron and L.M. Marsh

Records of the Western Australian Museum, Supplement No. 29 1988

Records of the
Western Australian Museum
Supplement No. 29

Hermatypic corals of Western Australia:
records and annotated species list

J.-E.N. Veron* and L.M. Marsh}

* Australian Institute of Marine Science
PMB No 3, Townsville MC, Q. 4810
Australia

+ Western Australian Museum
Francis Street
Perth, WA 6000
Australia

Perth 1988

Cover

A recently described coral, Symphyllia wilsoni, found only in
south-western Australia. Photographed off Dunsborough by Clay
Bryce.

Rec. West. Aust. Mus. Suppl. no. 29
© Western Australian Museum, 1988.
ISSN 0313 122 X

Published by the Western Australian Museum, Francis Street, Perth, Western Australia 6000.

Contents

ABSUTACt 4. « yr. laeeeteters lene eames won atch tdeuae blecplaretion suestlertat piven Masholaens veo lpatehieds 1
TritYODUCA OM: 4:./ 1.205 aot t 108 yucca ea dent dese ad agit hadnt edt isp kteSbeaaus dees Rees 1
History of coral taxonomy in Western Australia ..........0.0 0000 c cece cece cence eee 2
The Western Australian Museum coral collection ...........000 cece cee c cence ee eeeenes 6
Geographic background ......... 0... c cece ccc ence een e nnn ene e tenn tenenennen 8
GPa te eo ee heer thay bey eld ba Paes secah detent Rulsta ele veaeg Lp eed g eededcttn s (ADL Nd dablale diye 10
UTEP ENS: Bsns oe Fogo ole ot bode alte ereveigl sth rere lolebet ene Sha ated Bg PD Myth a Nand pe athe endpaggtetedies eats 10
Sea surface temperatures 6.0.6... cece cee een eee e een e bene eeeneteennes 12
MTAES Fen Sn sve oie dish ae ators af saabre tcanetto e Oho chads tain gave arapealalg ¢ 9s tySgmecat atclevareadadttsd hadenas see Grdeeny 4 ne 14
Locality descriptions 2.0.2.0... ccc cece cen ee ee nen nen een e eden nent eneenenes 14
Distribution patterms 2.2.0.2... ccc cence enn een e nee en ee nent en eenenes 23
Records and annotated species list ........ 0... c cece cece nce nee tence nee eenenes 34
ASUFOCOENLIGAE 6... eee nee eee e nee nee e ene e een e ee eeeaas 35
Stylocoenielbang oi. a caiet. ak abe gl ettece arb ep seete eee, The Teepeck gab Falah tele abs hd Fae tesa bell an 35
POEMIOPOTIMAES yh Se cserdy Fhe wks Laker tea egg eed Plate ik fo ole da ldingD pe alalinn gy er je'efaiaf hoe lalors 4 Sl bese wee a 35
POGHOPOLAS At og) peace tap dents Soren deat Behe at lined eed «Pec dre scenes 35
SOviALOPONa Soh, erste (ow eho seb-dsevs ergegvatoy gees baN AEE daerct od weleye heb Yo ee BEAMS seh od Maye All bbs guetta ze 37
wo 15'd (0) 9] 0(6) oc NENT a POE ne? a Se EL Oe nC PC CTO ORY com TA 38
Palaviastread ni. ijt eke cere dies oe bag pend a atle gabe d cuece gtd tiema hd Abae eed wastes 38
ACrOPOTIGAC §sc5 forks Meee safe Rene beeen ile eee tate lie yen al deep laced eaten cle 3 38
MOM Pir a. o. e ee cess hee ec eane ascege oa fecetarBisle bisteuas jb chat Ad ayha SOAS BO ae BLE ERE Ea ea 38
PTVAGKO POV Ae 5. 14, Saecee adehdcage tie Be nt lg ee Fomiehe lace lececete asides gO SAUNA etiolated tebe dads $5 be 47
ACLOP OTA oa lene cy acetyl Heaton ee cnletherdhe Wet fe lelene dehy o oid poe ghhd aw BG ee ota kore are dR EgR ELE 47
AStLEO DOTA ee fii Relea hh Asdss Suc Beep pteyeetey ae Aone tant Deh esbueea ps Belts lobar nade a 63
POP Hae 5 os eins oe a eheanerh a leigie eda ielelnegreltg spite aap hiennd plas £2 05lh had Baas ba aed a miaeatE es 64
POTEECS 5 Baha deastvediare etd Speak Meng diate dae hee ok a seth Aap Atha thal esse ald ae Lacan ibaes Sl ald gebdag Silla 64
GOMTOPOV AHF. 5 Pe eas h cee P bas oe de see Fel le MOS adele bangeg ong tae thamuga tis eegittias 68
AVEO DOTA Hs alan d ant ach gual ds Ea lseal at a Pee aaron 4 olay Oe Cael aed 5 peteea ete tant is Deceattded gst 70
SIGeraStrEldae | 5. Fc.o\ccals ase desatyee eat asageteateca baataretnen eo acete b tbewisigigle «leap a yeeabel end feAae nye tpn elee 72
Pséwudosiderasttiea asi ss 64,0 ois dade eg heh dee ba asp ge oa eden biathegere achanse deetelhtele loan talaga poe 72
PSAMMIMOCOT An ot at helene nate acta e ait untitled Pie waa ota ede einige Sa Nese te aedecatghd os 72
COSCHYATAEA. 6040. .j.5 ceteris 2598 ay 84 7 tag a ioe Hamer eben bs pvattenebadatie ehh eate 74
WN OAV EGIECAG ce yas see ceed says Tei hesener Ste Sl olecaselebeom dptenees g's Mtetetees tog ng h wbdelad tires Glande dhe 76
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US EISUOISET ISS stacks bef a ats} sadist aban islets Abe eels bys eb oe « Lee Srernpe eb ecole GAD lake sige» 78
(GAFAITNCLOSCLIS. 6.3 os pieee ce oy eek bee pe Dade eae pele ee ede s ails seeps euluaeleae obs 80
ABCC POSEHL Sop seb Sarr s ecg iene dase he Adah cea eoape at pda toe dagegaiet pe teterh at tashetagecthe aethitenetaa ald eg aha 6 80
PATA SET AS i ga opin sufns nce, 4 Ue beh 04s sce, Aa Aah a Hole Ftp see a wt HE Sa TRIAS ag caplea ela Ge Cpls ea de 80
HA ERERTI GAC s en Wera nye vie aoe ga bor ein ee ee sien eas bade be boda dd Cowal O45 44 64Y vee gaa oath eos 81
MBS EISEN ee Nisa acy Bopsaisntajaze: to apt pteagse 0-5 Steep 45S gi ofai hsb ied a davck brililaptenny a pate leet e «Ae aed 81
MO CASCMESN caer lets .1) Bile. sSchagdebees ee brn ha -HSE 4g Boot O Ua ek tea RG oe ek eon late poekpe mpealepl a eye (ae phyla te Sonat 82
WPM a Hes G8 SE Bao dios dna ter dew eben de by 6 Verb etch ehcp wed rere VN 82

FON nse pirsiaiasieis ean es cag oh wen ee Hap Sod each yee nate Abe bey ae bare ate
Hrerprolithian isos gags coe pened s wee eaaieis enti Eig a erin eee nbs eb g iy ee a ASS A aE aes 85
| ao) 8g 0) 052 ||: een re eee eS ee ae 85
Sandalolitha ..........ccc cece cece cece cee e eee eee teen eee e ee en ener eennes 86
Lithophylon. 0c) esa cea ee eee a a aa pe ele Wee raed ebony eet coe em ep EEE re Sea eign gees 86
POdabACIA 4 ac aoa sdk aacek yak gee ehtp es ook Vatate acetere teres eld Haas bP ace dbs learn ale ede nae eet gs 86
Oculinidae ....... 0c cc cc cece cece eee eee e eee e eens een e teen eee neee 87
Galaxed saw are 3, 22. ae cad olgGh Cael At athe atvecnstats ba Sut Alay eter dep puted ba geo RP AUEA GEG 87
AVCVTREL TA csecscgacee depts ack donessdeoes aecpis 5 OGG peel ole Dive elated PEGE bey ailgzege bee ha ate gS 87
PGctiPTdAe A. oie es gis she ish care debe ge abe le tglleden ag Setph. cont Bess de ha ghd 6 Pree cfeun, o treater toe 88
Echinophyllia 2.0.0.0... cece cece eee ener n ent n teen eee n eee ees 88
ORY POLAT 3 ER eae RE SSedreh ola eee a el beaheigech tet eles Peette Oleg Bitrery eee Gift alee ee dS 88
Mycedium 2.20... cece eee cence nee nen n tenet teen eee beeen een eneanenee 89
PeCtitiiaw-.), fie s.5.5 $05.4 tena tenrs Raeidicn cede tae Mischa Salata a ately sectarian g act am chads 90
IWTSSTOAG oP icrecesccts ctl Sestecg <P gatcite lens adp dl atalguargyytal suicetans cee hoe ae teabel MS adas eR Rap a UtateUl h Cele agers 90
BU AStOUMLISSA eee scta te tee oe he AGA nett gaia conrad aitapel ee cee deegy ay Lonrsner eB oWedileng ata v eheg tetas fine a 90
SOI Y MATA <s.5 2s seg cog nat a pepe os ade st SEG DADS Opie lecera bla eM T, gee bab ete ans aaah 91
AGStralOniussan te assole sans Nach Geg abeiden tease, Pane te cpio Pisteege.s ehtenawecacalale seat» Myeaites 9]
Meant astra. 0. fcy sided dong tach sccttln atu ghia ary DEY ea begets ace ceegso onn ge edd eRe key Sa ene heme 92
Lobophy are tiace stirs pat terse pinitlte diac cnet Baca hd questa Oghers ant tae nat leg ls ela ie 92
Symply tay i .0295 5 NG OE PS eS oltate Deets wale St ap aselh od 4 6 mashes 94
WLC RITA Coes a -h-4s ary gets ect h ein hig g ct Sra ea BEG RE Sey Be lade Roa ehcp ota aap ene gee Coed oa Eee aetchely 95
FAVA OPHOLA a cscs geteste pts cco av ere a iatirg soa hi ne Spintec wun gd # eek anh elt 4s Ged Find oh a RES 4 95
Whe ett oo be race, seit eee ade cie eect oie pteepate o Byacati pde BUR vette ibid atvageelbee shaaekeent cathe ale tens 96
Scapophyllia .cccccy e208 eG Ra a eae seagate dame seemed ed a ahae dee HERES 97
BAVA. 5 fac ett accetticn Gindt Bee wat ioe aca peten oop aseal ses phbbe as tava gt lene afin ohh delaras wctabien 4 tresses ak ee 97
CaMastV ee: icles 3 ans c eset t past Tenet hese oe lr bh bette ith au ek ot te aes 97
AVL ade echt ee rela a etale taut aesantubactae che dhiieindaep ated angle attas aubectloae latte bad hens 98
Barabattoia -:4...524-1 4p paves Utd e eantte Harahan elbhate RiGh 2 lelleoitainatkectiad eaube adlbdas fae 101
FAVTCOSS oye te sade ctd oct eknct oe acinar aon aco arllp Ge UD ND « UE EB auacie degtindaceetspmbonnect ... 101
GOTT ASTEC A a8 ss sca et ig ae seerte wid ob ee sea Neon athe phen ven whe geatedied Ta gle, 104
Paty ay tairarese seeciy iit yee 6+ Mate pant await de sdble wa papaeren otal Oulgate wtutgse ga tbenteag leulitie tae 107
TG POV ah spe cg AR gth eta iat betes ws adeg see allepeid b babed acy tfoldets oarhslitie wabteelp ea deatactla tag ape Rle 109
Oulophyllta: scsi. cei ee ee ea tale cand ede ieee eee dew e eel bel Snes ae 109
MOnitastred,. 2.56 ce ALR se wea 2e0 dats PHB ao Foe He ba MEE pd Bye tpe TC LOTS pe SEPT ile Sta gy avis ect’ 110
PlESTAS HCA 69.9 52) BG PEGA TAG lee PITT Dl need es OMIT PGE wale cee ob eotee ea bee 11]
Cas trea FA: 5 afar ad gahaacimscnelacgan dechatseeitbaastatstivegs dbgteo disestndl aa ne atten at eeabet egsthevchngetne Lheseb aca 112
Diploastreaia. 2-2. pcpagerdp rey tye ete s tee dant oi got apa de ow acy eet nds ela” ote oh 112
Tie Plas trea: on. Sreg ts steps Vihst ey RU eoraslie qv salaries eachen pt Ere Palit a eae a Jeledelee ee aa 112
GyPhastreas : nc cecaaadcvshad wichag bape e Gad bob baba S A dag a ao uo olen atai cee Helalboe Lhd tose 113
EGHINO POLE 4-5 6 Hee a pcdytensegey te agence eae heen eel pa hee epee ately es Uneaten ste baahen atone sl 115
MOSELO Ya ono ceaitsracine gtdleretadate: dashes dgtpings Aahitegeeeesptbab dee irycdob a bls tetatne lectin sad dita ante Me 116
LYAaChy PHYA i. ea etcelena otenhe Hyery tee cdash le iia gp utsand abet ecech beaetRuaveaye ehh TOI kG hate 116
SEACH YP HY LTA 0s, cg ecetet hah US a ahestacdse achiaten eta ta lols ee ereadehlant aqecmade Silene ease 116
Well soph yl liane seus citgbte edeb ty hacks S ceacactedsdtaracn as tege.ay 0 4 ao ezora} sa Se eget hh oet anand lp bape 117

BOE y Eat OB lan eke Nee ace Det rt Les ay Pesce ni dla, cata wear i mri 117
Catala pityllia: 6 Mig 8 pe alton Re puget adhe s tea7i aati, oN ARM vet: oe cl, SR 118
|g aie) -4:4 &: eee ey oe Re ae ee es re a eas SNe 119
IPHYSOSVTAS Ra taak BTA sleet anencies smear Nyet Mas Mus el SMe, oe 5 GS AOI ohn Ey 119
WOME Yay Sen ni edead bee hs thor cee ot Rese Seach slab doablh aeln ak ad Ate: haat Sine 119
Dendrophiyllaidae 2. .% 22 ssn Sarsrarcttyar hare Saye ete 0 See! AE, RT rE a oP mars 119
APNE PALI A ate Oe Bd eh Bote RecA, Suttle orale ena lB Mee aint Sa TE 119
DUGANOP SAMI S tales tha. ct)- ae SME catty Meat sheen Sins de 8 Dnt, otods Sint on! hana 123
FLCLerOpsannn as eis siee M8 ohh Antec eRe ra nO A hes aed er airs Cees aloe 123
AGRO WIE PeMEItS seri yid stars debra s EULESS OEMS hacks GOES Be Sela ems 124
IRGLCLENGES Hs .55, Fron ste heat sh Saape whey TOR Spacey oaetans lg tes lee Psd gos arat dex sleuslarad see em 125
Figures
]. Map of Western Australia 20.0.0... 0. ccc cece cece cece eee eee eneeeeueeneenennees 9
2. Sea surface temperatures 2.26.0... ccc cece ce cece cence eee eeaencueueuaeaeaes 13
3. Coral distribution patterns . 2.2.0.0... ccc cece cece ce cence e eee teen ensuaeavaes 24

Abstract

A list of hermatypic coral species from Western Australia is presented for the first
‘time, based principally on the Western Australian Museum collections. Locality and
habitat data are given for specimens of 318 species, of 70 genera, from the coast of
Western Australia and many of its offshore islands and reefs.

Computer analysis of distribution patterns shows a major division between reefal
and non-reefal regions. Within reefal regions the offshore reefs are distinguished from
the more southerly onshore reefs while the Houtman Abrolhos reefs are relatively
distinct. Northern and southern non-reefal regions form distinct groups.

Introduction

The literature on corals from Western Australia is sparse although it goes back to the
early 19th century (Lamarck 1816). Most of the 19th and early 20th century records
relate to specimens obtained during British Admiralty hydrographic cruises off the
north-west coast together with small collections from the German Gazelle Expedition,
described by Studer (1877) and the Swedish Scientific Expedition, described by Folkeson
(1919). Neither the Hamburg South-Western Australian Research Expedition of 1905,
under Drs W. Michaelsen and R. Hartmeyer, which made extensive invertebrate collec-
tions in Shark Bay, nor Professor W.J. Dakin’s Percy Sladen ‘Trust Expeditions to the
Houtman Abrolhos resulted in publications on corals.

Rosen (1971) summarizing the literature records of the distribution of reef coral
genera in the Indian Ocean listed only 33 confirmed records of genera from Western
Australia, 31 of these from the north-west with two additional genera from south-
western Australia.

An active W.A. Museum programme of field work on Western Australian coral reefs
and temperate coral communities in the 1970s and 1980s has now raised the number of
genera known from Western Australia to 70, and for the first time a list of species of
hermatypic corals found in all parts of Western Australia has been compiled. Three
hundred and eighteen species are herein recorded and an additional 20 species remain
unidentified. Some of these may represent undescribed species.

The present list, while based principally on the Western Australian Museum (WAM)
coral collection, includes literature records (where verified), records from other collec-
tions and some visual locality records. A reference to a recent description, including a
figure where possible, is given for each species. A synonymy is included where this has
changed since the publication of the Monographs on Scleractinia of Eastern Australia
(Veron and Pichon 1976, 1980, 1982; Veron, Pichon and Wysman-Best 1977; Veron and
Wallace 1984) and Veron (1985a). The taxonomic sequence follows Veron (1986b).

Locality records include the WAM registration numbers of specimens, habitat and
depth range at each locality (where recorded), Details of collector, date of collection and
habitat details for each specimen are excluded for reasons of space but are recorded in
the W.A. Museum registers. Taxonomic notes are included where necessary.

Species distribution records of the principal geographic regions are summarised in
Table 2 and computer analysis of distribution patterns within Western Australia is
given in Figure 3.

History of Coral Taxonomy, Western Australia

The earliest collections of corals from Western Australia were made by Peron and Le
Sueur (Lesueur), naturalist and artist respectively on the French Baudin Expedition
which explored the coast of Western Australia in the ships Geographe and Naturaliste
in 1801 and Geographe and Casuarina in 1803. Lamarck described 20 species of coral
from this expedition with sketchy locality data e.g. “Les mers australes”’ and “les mers
de la Nouvelle-Hollande”. Since the ships surveyed the Western Australian coast from
King George Sound to the Kimberley and visited Timor and Mauritius as well as parts
of the east coast of Australia it is impossible to allocate type localities to any of these
Lamarck species,

An appendix to King (1827) lists 19 species of hermatypic corals without any locality.
Since King surveyed both the north and west coasts of Australia and did not state where
the collection was deposited, there is no possibility of finding the localities from which
the specimens were collected nor of revising, the identification.

The next exploratory voyage to collect from Western Australia was that of Dumont
D’Urville (1826-29). The natural history reports by Quoy and Gaimard (1833) record and
figure Astrea galaxea Lamarck (= Plesiastrea versipora).

The German Gazelle expedition in 1874-76 collected corals at two Western Australian
localities, Mermaid Strait in the Dampier Archipelago and the Shark Bay area. From
Mermaid Strait Studer (1877) recorded Euphyllia glabrescens (as E. rugosa Dana),
Cyphastrea microphthalma and Turbinaria mesenterina (as T. cinerascens Ellis and
Solander).

Western Australian corals described from the British Museum (Natural History)
collections by Brook (1893) and Bernard (1896 and 1897), derived from the British
Admiralty, collected incidentally during survey work off the north coast, and from
collections made by the British biologist, W. Saville-Kent.

Saville-Kent’s early experience in the Natural History Departments of the British
Museum, where he assisted in “the arrangement and nomenclature of the magnificent
collections of Madrepores or Stony-corals” (Saville-Kent 1893) stimulated him to see the
corals alive. Thus, when he became Commissioner of Fisheries in Queenslai. ~ he took
every opportunity to photograph reefs at low ude and to collect fish, corals ana other
invertebrates for the British Museum. Saville-Kent’s observations and photographs were
included in his “The Great Barrier Reef of Australia” (1893).

In February 1893 Saville-Kent was appointed Commissioner of Fisheries for the
Western Australian Government and held this post unul March 1895, His interest in
coral recfs was transferred to those of Western Australia and he collected at the Lacepede
Islands, around Broome, and especially in Shark Bay and at the Houtman Abrolhos Is.,
which he visited in 1894, His work on experimental pearlshell culture in Shark Bay and
proposals for the same at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. enabled him to pursue his
observations on the corals and coral reefs of these areas. Saville-Kent (1897) observed:
“Turbinaria has, as the result of a somewhat extensive investigation of the coral reefs
around the Australian coast, been found by the author to enter most extensively into
reef-composition in the colder, or extra-tropical, areas within Australian waters. They ...
predominate in Wide Bay, ... on the southern outskirts of the Great Barrier Reef; in the

9

colder, though more northern, inter-tropical waters of the Gulf of Carpentaria; and
finally in the Shark’s Bay district of Western Australia. Nowhere, however, has it
(Turbinaria) been found by him (the author) to attain to such a plenitude of develop-
ment, with regard both to the number of varieties and the magnitude of their individual
coralla, as in Shark’s Bay, Western Australia.” Saville-Kent (1897) figures very large
coralla of Turbinaria peltata and T. conspicua collected from Shark Bay and presented
to the British Museum (Natural History) where they were displayed. Saville-Kent’'s
Western Australian collections of Turbinaria were included in Bernard's study of this
genus (1896).

The three groups of reefs and islands of the Houtman Abrolhos were charted and
described by Stokes (1846) who noted that “ ... the Abrolhos, with the exception of
Bermuda, is the place farthest removed from the equator where coral formation is
found,” and described a reef slope near Rat Island where “‘a wall descends almost sheer
to the depth of 54 feet, the upper 20 feet are formed of a peculiar kind of coral growing
in the shape of huge fans, spreading out from stout stems overlapping each other in
clusters, and having angular cavities between. The coral forming the lower 34 feet of the
wall is of the common large branch kind.”

Saville-Kent (1897) reported ‘The Houtman’s Abrolhos ... in place of being built up
of the extra-tropical or cold water Turbinariae that flourish in Shark’s Bay, were
composed of ... Stag’s Horn Corals, with which were intermingled many species of
Porites, Montipora, Pocillopora, Seriatopora Coeloria, Goniastraea, Mussa, Symphyllia
and other essentially tropical generic types. ... from just beneath low water mark
downwards to as much as ten or fifteen fathoms, the corals ... attain to a luxuriance of
growth that is not surpassed even upon the Great Barrier Reef of Queensland.”

Saville-Kent (1897) recorded Acropora (as Madrepora) hebes, M. syringoides, M. pul-
chra, M. corymbosa and described M. protaeiformis from the Houtman Abrolhos Is.
Montipora circinata, from the Houtman Abrolhos Is, was named and figured but not
described. ‘These Acropora specimens were, of course, too late to be included in Brook's
1893 monograph. However, material of other genera was included in catalogues by
Bernard (1896, and 1897) and Matthai (1928). The synonymy of Saville-Kent’s Acropora
names has not been determined; Montipora circinata is discussed by Bernard (1897).

From his observations of the Houtman Abrolhos Is. marine fauna, Saville-Kent (1897)
postulated “That an ocean current setting in from the equatorial area of the Indian
Ocean penetrates as far south as this island group without impinging on the adjacent
mainland ...’”’. This subject was taken up again by Dakin (1919).

Brook’s 1893 monograph of Madrepora included many specimens from Australia but
very few from the west, since the work was completed prior to Saville-Kent’s collecting
in Western Australia. Brook lists Acropora (as Madrepora) secunda Dana and M.
pocillifera Lamarck from Baudin Island collected by HMS Penguin (both bearing the
BMNH number 92.1.16.6.); M. seriata Ehrenberg from Trouthton Island (same collector
and number as above) and M, glauca, described from the holotype (BMNH_ 86.2.26.7)
with the locality simply “West Australia’, purchased.

3

’
i :

was described by Folkeson (1919). A few specimens are from Broome and Cape Jaubert,
but the majority are from the Pearl Banks 42-48 miles WSW of Cape Jaubert, from
depths of 11-42 metres.

The hermatypic species recorded by Folkeson (1919) are Turbinaria crater (Pallas
1766) (an indeterminable species), T. patula, T. peltata, T. mesenterina (as T. speciosa
Bernard 1896) Scolymia vitiensis (as Lithophyllia margariticola (Klunzinger 1879))
Trachyphyllia geoffroyi (as T. amarantus Dana 1846) Favites flexuosa (as Favia vasta
Klunzinger 1879) Plesiastrea versipora (as P. urvillei Edwards and Haime 1850) Cyclo-
seris (as Fungia) cyclolites Lamarck 1816, Fungia simplex (Gardiner 1905) (as Herpo-
litha simplex) and Polyphyllia talpina (as P. producta Folkeson).

Matthai (1928) recorded 14 species of coral from north-western Australia: Platygyra
daedalea (as Coeloria daedalea), P. lamellina (as Coeloria lamellina), Trachyphyllia
geoffroyi, Hydnophora exesa (two specimens, one as H. contignatio (Forskal 1775),
Lobophyllia corymbosa, L. hemprichiu (as L. costata), Symphyllia recta, Euphyllia
glabrescens, Euphyllia fimbriata, Catalaphyllia jardinei (as Euphyllia picteti) and
Plerogyra sinuosa. He described a new genus and two new species, based on material
collected by Saville-Kent: Caulastrea tumida and Montigyra kenti. While the former is
common in certain inshore areas such as the Dampier Archipelago, the latter is still
only known from the holotype.

Totton (1952) figured two specimens of Moseleya latistellata from Western Australia
and listed those held in the collections of the British Museum (Natural History) with
taxonomic notes. He also figured Plestastrea versipora (as P, urvillei), Culicia tenella
and Scolymia australis (as Culicia magna) from southern Australia.

In a brief account of the littoral environment of Rottnest Island, off Fremantle,
Hodgkin, Marsh and Smith (1959) noted the occurrence of a ‘reef’ of Pocillopora
damicornis near Parker Point, and in a faunal survey of Carnac Island, off Fremantle,
Marsh and Hodgkin (1962) listed three species of corals (identified by J.W. Wells):
Plesiastrea versipora (as P. urvillei), Goniastrea australensis (as Platygyra lamellina),
and a species recorded as Favites magnistellata (Edwards and Haime).

Wells (1962)* described a new species of Coscinaraea, C. marshae, from south-western
Australia and listed, from the same area (between Rottnest Island and Cape Naturaliste):
Favites abdita (as F. magnistellata), Goniastrea australensis (as Goniastrea benhami
Vaughan), Plesiastrea versipora (as P. urvillei Edwards and Haime) and Scolymia
australis (as Homophyllia australis (Edwards and Haime)), Montipora mollis (as M. sp.
cf. M. multiformis Bernard), Turbinaria frondens (as Turbinaria sp. cf. T. danae
Bernard), Pocillopora damicornis, Symphyllia wilsoni Veron (as Oulophyllia crispa) as
well as two ahermatypic species, Tubastrea aurea (Quoy and Gaimard) and T. diaphana
Dana).

Wells (1964)* recorded Scolymia australis (as Homophyllia australis) from Rottnest
Island, Garden Island, Point Peron, and Triggs Bay (Trigg Island) in south-western
Australia and Scolymia vitiensis (as Parascolymia vitiensis) from north-western Aust-
ralia, based on Folkenson (1919). This record has not been confirmed by the present
collections.

* Synonymy is from Veron & Pichon (1977), Veron et al. (1980) and Veron and Wallace (1984).

5

Rosen (1968) identified two Western Australian specimens of Faviidae in the BMNH
collection: Favia speciosa from Roebuck Bay (BMNH_ 1895.10.9.133) and Barabattoia
mirabilis Yabe and Sugiyama, 1941 from King Sound, collected by W. Saville-Kent
(BMNH _ 1894.6.16.37). Rosen (1971), discussing the distribution of reef coral genera in
the Indian Ocean, listed 31 genera from north-western Australia, one from Shark Bay,
13 from the Houtman Abrolhos Is., 12 from the Perth area, 2 from Cape Leeuwin and 2
from the Recherche Archipelago, all from the literature.

Rosen’s generic numbers were raised considerably by Wilson and Marsh (1979), based
on collections in the Western Australian Museum, Perth. ‘They recorded, from north to
south, 44 genera from the Dampier Archipelago, 34 from the North West Cape area, 9
from Port Gregory, 37 from the Houtman Abrolhos Is., 14 from the Fremantle area, 8
from Geographe Bay and 3 from Esperance. Wilson and Marsh also briefly described
some of the Houtman Abrolhos reefs and discussed the faunal composition and _ its
zoogeographical affinities. At that date approximately 70 species of hermatypic coral
were recognised at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. Apart from the corals, 67% of the fish
species and 73% of the echinoderms recorded from the Houtman Abrolhos Is. were
found to be tropical species, the remainder being southern species with a few west coast
endemics.

In a revision of the genus Leptoseris, Dineson (1980) published Western Australian
Museum records of Leploseris hawatiensis from Seringapatam Atoll, L. scabra and L.
myceloseroides from the Houtman Abrolhos Is. and described as new L. glabra, with a
paratype from the Houtman Abrolhos Is. She included in the synonymy of this species
Veron and Pichon’s specimens identified as L. explanata Yabe and Sugiyama, 1941
while Yabe and Sugiyama’s species was placed in the synonymy of L.. scabra. Leptoseris
glabra, however, is a junior synonym of L. explanata Yabe and Sugiyama, 1941, the
holotype of which (figured, Veron & Pichon 1980 p. 46) is an ill-defined corallum from
deep water.

Veron (1985a) described seven new species of hermatypic corals from Western Aust-
ralia: Acropora abrolhosensis, Astreopora explanata, Goniopora pendulus, Alveopora
gigas and Symphyllia wilsont with type localities the Houtman Abrolhos 's., Avst-
ralomussa rowleyensis from the Dampier Archipelago and Hydnophora pilosa with the
holotype from Elizabeth Reef (eastern Australia) and paratypes from Houtman Abrolhos
Is. and the Dampier Archipelago. In addition Montipora capricornis and Porites heron-
ensis, newly described from eastern Australia, were recorded also from Western Aust-
ralia.

Veron (1985b) stated that 276 species of hermatypic coral have been found in Western
Australia, noting that all but 20 of these had also been recorded from the east coast. He
raised the number of genera found at the Houtman Abrolhos to 44 with more than 157
species.

The Western Australian Museum Coral Collection

Interest in the coral fauna of Western Australia was stimulated by a visit to Western
Australia by J.W. Wells in 1954. Subsequently, collections made by E.P. Hodgkin, B.R.
Wilson and L.M. Marsh (all of the University of W.A.), by snorkelling and/or scuba

6

diving, at South Passage (Shark Bay), Port Gregory, Rottnest, Carnac and Garden
Islands (near Fremantle) and Geographe Bay were sent to Wells for identification, He
described one new species and listed ten other hermatypic species from south-western
Australia (Wells 1962). Wilson continued his interest in Western Australian corals,
leading an expedition to Point Cloates on Ningaloo Station (North West Cape area) in
1968 and a three-year seasonal Acanthaster planci study at Kendrew Island in the
Dampier Archipelago (1972-74). The latter provided the opportunity for major additions
to the coral collection by Wilson and Marsh. Faunal survey work in the Dampier
Archipelago in 1978 enabled Marsh to sample many inshore habitats not previously
covered. Wilson led two faunal surveys to the Houtman Abrolhos Is, in 1977 and 1978,
giving good coverage of the Easter and Wallabi groups, while other collections were
made by Marsh at North Island (1976) and in the Pelsaert Group (1976). Further coral
collections were made by an expedition of students of Aquinas College to the Easter
Group in 1970 and North Island in 1974.

A series of Western Australian Museum field trips in 1977, 1978, 1980 and 1981, some
in conjunction with the National Parks Authority of Western Australia were made to
the Ningaloo Reefs resulting in the first extensive coral collections of this region.

In 1979 Marsh collected corals from the South Passage area, Shark Bay and at several
localities on the east side of Dirk Hartog Island, including Sunday Island and Egg
Island. Collections were made from Bernier and Dorre Islands by Slack-Smith in 1980
and by Slack-Smith and Marsh in many parts of Shark Bay in 1981,

In 1982, 1984 and 1986 the Western Australian Museum carried out faunal surveys of
the shelf-edge atolls off the north-west coast. Veron participated in these as part of a
wider study, initiated in 1982, of the distribution patterns of Western Australian corals.
This required species inventories sufficiently complete to characterise each major coral-
inhabiting region. Each of the regions noted below were investigated using scuba.
Diving sites were selected to encompass a full range of coral habitats. Corals were either
identified im situ or collected for study at the Australian Institute of Marine Science.
Regions studied (from north to south) were (1) Ashmore and Cartier Reef (1986, with
the Western Australian Museum), (2) Scott and Seringapatam Reefs (1984, with the
Western Australian Museum), (3) Rowley Shoals (1982, with the Western Australian
Museum), (4) Dampier Archipelago (1983, with the Western Australian Department of
Conservation and Environment), (5) the Ningaloo Reef Tract (1985, with the Western
Australian Department of Conservation and Land Management), (6) Houtman Abrolhos
Islands (1983, 1984 and 1987 with the Western Australian Museum, the CSIRO Marine
Laboratories, Perth and the Australian Institute of Marine Science (respectively)) and (7)
the coastline between Perth and Port Gregory (1983, with the Western Australian
Museum).

Results from expeditions to Scott Reef, Seringapatam Reef and Rowley Shoals (2 and
3, above) are in Veron (1986a).

General descriptions of all Australian’ species are given in Veron 1986b. Abundance
and variations of growth form or colour applicable to Western Australia are noted
below. Several species recorded from Western Australia in Veron 1986b are not included
in the present study where no reference specimen has been retained.

7

All specimens resulting from the above expeditions have been deposited in_ the
Western Australian Museum. During 1983-87, all specimens in the museum were in-
corporated into the present study, which includes notes on taxonomic problems en-
countered.

Geographical Background

Western Australia, (Figure 1) occupying the western third of the Australian continent,
has a coastline of 12,500km spanning nearly 22° of latitude, between 13°30’S and
35°08’S, one third of it lying within the tropics. This long coastline covers a great
diversity of habitat types; in the north the Kimberley has a rugged ria coast while
between Broome and Port Hedland the coast is mainly low and sandy; the Pilbara has a
predominantly low-lying coast with tidal flats and mangroves broken by several head-
lands and by the rugged coast of the Dampier area.

The continental shelf off north-western Australia (the North West Shelf) varies in
width from 38km at North West Cape to 354km off Cape Jaubert and covers an area of
over 660,000km2. It is sometimes divided into the Sahul Shelf (Molengraaff and Weber,
1919; Fairbridge 1953) between Cape Leveque (16°20’S, 123°E) and Melville Island
(131°E) and the Rowley Shelf (Fairbridge 1953) between North West Cape and Cape
Leveque. Fairbridge (1967) gives an overview of Western Australia reefs, including the
North West shelf reefs and the Houtman Abrolhos Is.

The North West Shelf provides the base for a great variety of coral habitats: atolls
that rise beyond the shelf-edge, platform reefs, submerged coral banks and fringing reets
around many of the coastal islands. On the coast itself rocky substrates usually support
coral communities.

North West Cape provides a major point of change in the coast, dividing the calm
waters of Exmouth Gulf from the open sea off the west coast where a part barrier, part
fringing reef (the Ningaloo Reef) extends southwards from North West Cape. The west
coast is predominantly a carbonate coastline and is subjected to strong wi. * action
except where protected by offshore limestone reefs. Coral communities occur at Point
Quobba and in the outer parts of Shark Bay but the most flourishing reefs off the west
coast occur at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. off Geraldton.

The coral fauna diminishes rapidly south of the Houtman Abrolhos Is., but coral
communities occur on nearshore reefs and around islands such as Rottnest Island off
Fremantle. South of Rottnest Island there is another decrease in the coral fauna but
some species flourish in Geographe Bay and a few continue, in suitable habitats, along
the south coast to the Recherche Archipelago east of Esperance.

The south coast is also subject to strong wave action but has a more varied topo-
graphy than the west coast, with granite or gneiss headlands alternating with sandy
bays, some of which provide sheltered water.

The localities at which coral collections have been made are described in more detail
below.

14°S

INDIAN

OCEAN

Dampier Arch ‘
tA a
Dampier

20°S Montebello |s-y

Lowendal Is «
Barrowle
Passage |s4

Ashburton | —,¢
North West,°
Cape
Ningaloo,
Reefs |

Onslow

Exmouth PILBARA
Gulf

Point
Quobba
Rernier | Carnarvon
Dorre | Shark Bay
Dirk t
o,, |Hartog /
26S A

South
Passage

Port Gregory

outman’,

Abrolhos ,, Geraldton
¢

‘ Dongar
Port Denison ongara

Green Head
Jurien Bay

Lancelin

Ashmore Reef
Cartier |.

Seringapatam Reef ,

Scott Reef

Bonaparte Arch
Adele ly Wilson Pt

Cockatoo |,
Koolan 1,

Bassett-Smith Shoal
Holothuria Banks
Cassini I, «Troughton |
Baudin a
. ‘ape Voltaire 2. Admiralty
Carsta ja 4 Gui
9 ne Adolphus 1},

Prince Frederick

Harbour
°

Yampi Sound,

Lacepede Is »

Roebuck Ba:

Cape Jaubert

Port Hedland

WESTERN

Quinns Rocks

Rottnest |

Perth

Cockburn Sound ) Fremantle

Garden |,
32°S Cape Peron 4
Geographe Bay.
Cape Naturaliste

Augusta
Albany

Cape Leeuwin
Pt D’Entrecasteaux

112°E
Figure 1.

Bunbury

SOUTH WEST geaford

Harbour

Hopetoun

‘Bremer

Bay

* KIMBERLEY
King Sound
Derby

Broome

AUSTRALIA

GREAT
AUSTRALIAN

BIGHT
Esperance

"Duke of Orleans Bay
.* Recherche Archipelago

Starvation Boat Harbour

‘King George Sound

Denmark

118°E

9

124°E

Map of Western Australia showing localities mentioned in the text.

Climate

The coastal climate ranges from tropical monsoonal in the Kimberley, tropical semi-
arid in the Pilbara to Mediterranean and temperate in the south. The northern half of
the state is subject to cyclones which develop mainly in the months of January to
March and less frequently in November, December and April. Cyclones affecting
Western Australia generally form in the Arafura and Timor Seas between latitudes 5°
and 20°S. In the ten year period 1975 to 1985 twenty-five tropical cyclones affected
north-western Australia and five of these also affected the coast south of Carnarvon
(Anon 1983, 1986). Perturbation due to cyclonic activity must have a significant in-
fluence on coral reefs in north-western Australia, particularly on those near the coast.

Currents

Currents off the coast of Western Australia are anomalous compared to those along
other eastern oceanic boundaries in the southern hemisphere where there is upwelling
of nutrient rich water and northward flowing cold currents.

Warm waters off the west coast were first recorded by Saville-Kent (1897) who
measured a sea temperature difference of c. 7°C between the Houtman Abrolhos and
Geraldton and postulated that a warm current was responsible for the luxuriant growth
of corals, particularly Acropora spp. at the Abrolhos.

Dakin, while Professor of Biology at the University of Western Australia, noted
Saville-Kent’s observations on differences in fauna and water temperatures between the
Houtman Abrolhos Islands and the adjacent mainland. He obtained support from the
Percy Sladen Trust to conduct expeditions in 1913 and 1915 to the Houtman Abrolhos
to investigate the structure and formation of the coral islets and to collect information
on their fauna, flora and hydrology (Dakin 1919).

Dakin arranged for simultaneous sea surface temperature readings to be taken at
Geraldton and the Houtman Abrolhos Is. over a few days in November and found the
island temperatures to be 2-3°C higher than those at Geraldton (whereas Saville-Kent
recorded a 7-8°C difference in mid winter). Dakin supplemented his observat. 1s with
records from coastal ships and plotted the isotherms for June 1911 finding “that a
definite tongue of warmer water extends down the coast of West Australia, the tip
reaching to about the Abrolhos Islands”, separated from the coast by a distinct zone of
cooler water. Thus Dakin supported Saville-Kent’s hypothesis that a warm current was
responsible for the flourishing coral reefs at the Houtman Abrolhos.

Details of the current were not established until the use of satellite-tracked buoys in
the 1970s. The current was described and named the Leeuwin Current by Cresswell and
Golding (1980) and the description was augmented by infrared imagery from environ-
mental satellites (Legeckis and Cresswell 1981). Maxwell and Cresswell (1981) recorded
the occurrence of several demersal and pelagic tropical species in the Great Australian
Bight and suggested that the Leeuwin Current is responsible for the presence of these
species.

“The Leeuwin Current can be described as a band of warm, low-salinity water of
tropical origin about 50km wide and some 200m deep that flows southward, mainly

10

above the continental slope from Exmouth to Cape Leeuwin. At Cape Leeuwin it
pivots eastward, spreads onto the continental shelf and flows towards the Great
Australian Bight, carrying with it a variety of tropical species of marine fauna” (Pearce
and Cresswell 1985). The driving force for the Leeuwin Current is believed to be the
flow of warm, low-salinity water from the western central Pacific Ocean through deep
passages in the Indonesian Archipelago into the Timor Sea and eastern Indian Ocean.
Wyrtki (1957) described the water exchange between Pacific and Indian Oceans in
relation to upwelling processes and calculated the mean annual transport from the
Pacific to the Indian Ocean of 1-3 x 10°m‘s-! in the upper 200m (Wyrtki 1961). Godfrey
and Golding (1981), also from oceanographic data, calculated the throughflow at 10 x
10®m?s-! which was revised to 5 x 106m*%s-! by Godfrey and Ridgway (1984). Fine (1985)
using bomb tritium data gave direct evidence for a mean net transport (in the upper
300m) of 5 x 106m3s-! from the Pacific into the Indian Ocean.

Godfrey and Ridgway (1985) suggested that the throughflow from the Pacific to the
Indian Ocean may create the large (55cm) steric height gradient along the Western
Australian west coast continental shelf edge which, in turn, results in the uniquely large
poleward near-surface flow in the Leeuwin Current which accelerates directly into the
prevailing wind.

The current varies seasonally being weaker in the summer (December to March) when
the north-south sea-level gradient is weaker and the mean wind stress along the coast is
strongly northwards. During the southern winter (May to August) the along-shore sea
level gradient almost doubles and the wind stress is weaker and more variable. At this
time the Leeuwin current is generally strong and well defined with jet-like streams
along the shelf-break alternating with offshore meanders of warm core and cool core
eddies (Pearce and Cresswell 1985).

Holloway and Nye (1985) showed that the Leeuwin current also flows strongly along
the shelf break of the North West Shelf north of Dampier and North West Cape. The
current is strongest between February and June. Reversals of the flow to the north-east
are usually weak in strength and of short duration and are associated with strong south-
west winds. ‘The south-east trade winds (March-August) are shown to be inefficient in
strengthening the Leeuwin current.

The flow from the Pacific through the Indonesian Archipelago to the Timor Sea
provides a mechanism for larval transport of corals to the offshore atolls which in turn
may provide a source for larvae to be entrained in the Leeuwin current and transported
to the south,

Water movements through Torres Strait, summarized by Jennings (1972), may also be
of significance for the distribution of marine organism in northern Australia. High
temperature, low salinity water from the Arafura Sea and Gulf of Carpentaria passes
through Torres Strait into the Coral Sea under the influence of the north-west monsoon
(December to March), From April to December the stronger and more persistent south-
east trades pile equatorial Pacific water against the shelf east of Torres Strait. The
shallowness (< 30m) of the Strait, however, limits the amount of water passing
through. Thus there is limited potential for a two-way passage of pelagic larvae
through Torres Strait.

Sea Surface Temperatures

The coastline of Western Australia spanning over 21° of latitude (nearly 23° including
Ashmore Reef) from 13°44’S to 35°08’S is bathed by water of a correspondingly wide
temperature range. Figure 2 gives mean monthly temperature curves for areas represent-
ative of all parts of the coast and some of the offshore reefs while Table 1 gives mean
maxima and minima with some extreme values, where available. It will be evident that
in some areas e.g. the Dampier Archipelago corals may be stressed at both ends of their
thermal tolerance while at Albany very low temperatures are tolerated. The data are
from a number of sources, some from long-term observations while others are from
single-year studies or limited observations. Error bars have been omitted from the curves
but will be found in the source publications.

Table 1: Sea surface temperatures off Western Australia

Maximum °C Minimum °C
| Mean Extreme Month Mean Extreme Month

Scott Reef! 29.0 Jan/April 24.5 Aug
Kuni Bay? 31] Apmil 26 July
80 Mile Beach? 31.2 April 19.4 July
Dampier Archipelago* 31.2 32.5 Feb 20.2 = 18.0 July
North Rankin! 30 March/April | 24 July
Montebello Is.! 29.3 March 22.7 Aug
Ningaloo Reef>* 26.1 29.8 Dec 22.1 20.0 Oct
Houtman Abrolhos

West Reefé 24.6

West Lagoon® 23.8 = 25.7 Feb 19.8 17.8 Sept
Geraldton (6 n. miles off)’ | 22.8 Jan/March 19.4 Sept
Dongara

Inshore? 25 18.5

Offshore? 23 19.5
Rottnest I. (55m. stn)’ 21.8 March/April | 19.0 Sept/Oct
Rottnest I. (inshore)® 23.5 Feb 18.5 Aug
Fremantle (5 n. miles off)? | 22.9 March 15.7 July
Marmion!” 22.0 23.4 Jan/Feb 17.0 16.0 July/Sept
Cockburn Sound? 23.2 26.7 Feb 15.2 12.8 Aug
Albany (55 m. stn) 20.1 Jan 17.3 Sept
King George Sound 20.5 Jan/Feb 13.6 July

Sources: 1. P. Chalmer (pers. comm.); 2. Dybdahl and Pass (1985); 3. Simpson (1985);
4. Holloway and Nye (1985); 5. Simpson and Masini (1986)* limited records;
6. Hatcher (pers. comm.); 7. Pearce (1986); 8. Hutchins (in press); 9. Hodgkin
and Phillips (1969); 10. Pearce et al. (1985)

12

King Sd. (1) -<-7

Dampier (2)
Dampier (2) Y King Sd. (1)
Scott Reef (3) -- :

; Scott Reef (3)

Exmouth (1) fo

/
/

7
Shark Bay (1) 7 Exmouth (1)

oe 4 7 Shark Bay (1)
Rat |. (1) °*

a
off Geraldton (1) -~

Marmion (4) a Dee “. a w Rat |. i
. Marmion

Rottnest |. (1) ~

King George Sd..."
Augusta apr

off Albany (1) —"S—

7 off Albany (1)
a

King George Sd.

Figure 2 Monthly mean sea temperatures off Western Australia.
Sources: 1. Pearse (1986); 2. Simpson (1985); 3. Chalmer (pers. comm.); 4. Pearse et al. (1985).

13

Tides

Although most corals live sub-tidally they may be considerably influenced by tidal
cycles.

Western Australia has as much variability in tidal regimes as in other physical
parameters. The tides vary from semi-diurnal mega-tides on the Kimberley coast to
predominantly diurnal micro-tides in the south-west of the state. The maximum tidal
range of 11 metres occurs in the Broome-Derby area and the range decreases east and
west from there, to 7.9m at Darwin, and 2.7m at North West Cape (Anon 1979). On the
Kimberley coast strong currents during spring tides mobilize fine sediment causing
extreme turbidity of inshore waters and milkiness of the water for some distance
offshore.

On the Pilbara coast the mean spring tidal range of 5.6m is sufficient to cause strong
currents and considerable turbidity during the spring tide cycle.

The offshore atolls (the Rowley Shoals, Scott and Seringapatam Reefs), bathed by
clear oceanic water, experience semi-diurnal tides with a spring range of about 4.5m
(Berry and Marsh 1986).

On the west side of North West Cape the tidal amplitude decreases to a semi-diurnal
meso-tidal range of <1 2m (Simpson and Masini 1986). The Cape divides the somewhat
turbid waters of Exmouth Gulf from the clear oceanic water bathing the Ningaloo
Reefs.

From Geraldton to the south coast of Western Australia there are mixed diurnal/
semi-diurnal tides with a micro-tidal range of < 1.5m, usually < Im (Hodgkin and Di
Lollo 1958). On the west and south coasts the tide has little influence on turbidity but
the udal cycles may have significance for coral reproduction.

Locality Descriptions

Scott Reef

Scott Reef (Sandy Islet 14°0.3’S, 121°45’E) lies approximately 435km north of Broome
and rises from the Scott Reef/Rowley Shoals Platform beyond the shelf edz at 400-
700m depth (Berry and Marsh 1985, 1986).

Scott Reef consists of two separate atolls, North Reef and South Reef. North Reef
(16.3km by 14.4km) is an annular structure enclosing a lagoon, with a maximum depth
of 21m, connected to the ocean by two passages. The reef rim is up to 1650m broad.
Coral collections were made from lagoon knolls, back reef areas on the western and
north-eastern sides and outer slopes on the north-eastern side.

South Reef is crescent-shaped with the ‘arms’, 27km apart, subtending North Reef
from which it is separated by a channel 400-700m deep. The open lagoon of South Reef
is between 35 and 55m deep. Most collections were made from a detached reef sur-
rounding an unvegetated cay, Sandy Islet. The reef flat east and west of the islet and
reef slopes on the north-western, western and eastern sides were sampled. Corals were
also collected from a lagoon knoll, lagoon slope and two reef flat areas of South Reef.

The reefs are bathed by clear oceanic water and have a tidal range of about 4.5m. The
reefs were mapped from landsat imagery (Berry and Marsh 1985, 1986).

4

Seringapatam Reef

Seringapatam Reef (13°40’S, 121°59’E) was described from aerial photographs by Tei-
chert and Fairbridge (1948) and from surface observations by Wilson (1985). Berry and
Marsh (1986) used Landsat imagery to map the reef.

Seringapatam Reef lies about 25km north-east of North Scott Reef. It is an annular
reef 8km by 9.4km enclosing a lagoon, with a maximum depth of 30m, connected to the
ocean by a narrow passage in the north-east. The reef varies from 1200 to 1500m in
width. Where examined (on the south side) there is a well developed boulder zone on
the reef crest, beyond which an algal covered platform slopes gently seaward. There is
some living coral on the tops of spurs in the surf zone, and on the outer slope to about
30 metres.

Coral collections made during the Western Australian Museum expedition to Scott
and Seringapatam Reefs (1984) yielded 213 species of 56 genera (Veron 1986a).

The Rowley Shoals

Three atolls lying between 17°07’S, 119°36’E and 17°35’S, 118°56’E named Mermaid,
Clerke and Imperieuse are collectively known as the Rowley Shoals. They rise from the
Scott Reef/Rowley Shoals platform with a depth of 440 to 230m on their landward
sides, and drop away to deeper water on the seaward side.

The reefs were described and mapped (Berry and Marsh 1985, 1986) from Landsat
imagery and ground observations. The three reefs are oval, oriented approximately
north-south and each has a passage or passages on the north east side. Fairbridge
(1950a) described the reefs as the most perfect morphological examples of shelf atolls in
Australian waters. Mermaid Reef (14.5km by 7.6km) has a 20m deep lagoon opening by
a wide passage on the north-east side. Clerke Reef (15.8km by 7.6km) has a lagoon
divided into three basins, none deeper than 10m. It is partly infilled by sand and mesh
reef and opens by three narrow passages in the north-east. There is an unvegetated sand
cay, Bedwell Island, near the northern end of the reef.

Imperieuse Reef (17.8km by 9.5km) was mapped from Landsat imagery but was not
visited during the Western Australian Museum expedition of 1982. The lagoon appears
to be largely infilled with sand and mesh reefs and opens by a very narrow, shallow
passage on the north east side. There is a small, unvegetated sand cay near the northern
end.

The Rowley shoals are bathed by clear oceanic water and have a similar semi-diurnal
tidal cycle to Scott Reef with a spring range of about 4.5m. However, unlike Scott Reef,
Jagoon water is impounded by the rim at about half ebb tide and the entrapped water
races through the passages, continuing to flow out until about half flood tide. Thus the
water in the lagoons 1s held substantially above the outside water level at low tide.

During the 1982 Western Australian Museum expedition corals were sampled from
lagoon knolls and the lagoon floor, reef flats and back reef areas at Mermaid and Clerke
Reefs and the outer slopes on the north-east and north-western sides of Clerke Reef to a
depth of 35m. The collections yielded 184 species of 52 genera, somewhat fewer than at
Scott Reef. These are the first coral collections made from these reefs.

15

The Sahul Shelf

Many platform reefs of various sizes rise from the continental shelf off the Kimberley
coast, some with low sandy islands. The latter include the Lacepede Islands and Long
Reef near the coast, Adele and Browse Islands on the mid shelf and Cartier and
Ashmore reefs on the shelf edge. Other large platform reefs include the Holothuria
Reefs (without islands) and Montgomery Reef with a group of small mainland islands.
Of these, the coral fauna of Ashmore and Cartier reefs has been collected in some detail
while there has been limited collecting from the Lacepede Islands and Adele Island.
Small collections were made from some of the Kimberley reefs by the British Admiralty
in the 19th century but the coral fauna of this large area is still very imperfectly known.

Ashmore Reef

Ashmore Reef (12°17’S, 123°02’E) lies 350km off the Kimberley coast on the outer edge
of the Sahul Shelf at the north-western extremity of the Londonderry Rise (Fairbridge,
1953). An extensive shoal area (<50m depth) extends about 12km eastwards from the
reel before dropping to the general shelf level of < 200m, while on the north-western
and south-western sides the 50m platform is very narrow, dropping seawards to >
300m.

The reef measures approximately 25km x 13.75km, with the long axis lying east-west.
The reef is continuous along the western, southern and eastern sides where there is a
broad windward reef crest but the northern side is broken by three broad passages
leading into a shallow lagoon, most of it less than 5m deep with parts of the western
lagoon dropping to c. 20m, with a number of small patch reefs and coral pinnacles. In
the broad southern reef flat there are several small enclosed coral-fringed lagoons < 5m
deep. Three vegetated sand cays and numerous intertidal sand banks lie on the southern
half of Ashmore Reef. Most of the reef flats are sandy, except for the outer edge, and
have a very limited scleractinian coral fauna although the octocorals Heliopora coerulea
and Tubipora musica are common, The lagoon knolls, passages and outer slopes have
a diverse coral fauna.

During the Western Australian Museun expedition to Ashmore Reef (198b, collect-
ions were made from lagoon knolls, reef flats on the western, southern and northern
sides and outer slopes on the northern and south-eastern sides of the reef. The coral
fauna of Ashmore Reef is more diverse than any other single area sampled, with 255
species in 56 genera recorded.

Cartier Island

Cartier Island (12°32’S, 123°33’E) is a small unvegetated sand cay in the centre of a
small platform reef, lying south east of Ashmore Reef, and like the latter it also rises
from the shelf edge. Cartier Reef has been described and mapped from aerial photo-
graphs by ‘Teichert and Fairbridge (1948); the reef is oval, c. 4.6km long, oriented east-
west with a continuous reef crest and no lagoon although there are several large isolated
coral-fringed pools in the reef flat. Like Ashmore Reef the southern and western sides
are exposed to most wave action.

16

The outer slopes on the north, east and south sides were examined as well as the reef
flats north of the island.

Adele Island

Adele Island (15°30’S, 123°09’E), 80km north-west of Cockatoo Island, is a vegetated cay
lying in the centre of a roughly oval reef oriented in a general north to north-west,
south to south-east direction. The reef is similar in size (c. 26km long) and shape to
Ashmore Reef but rises from the inner shelf at c. 50m. It has been mapped and
described in some detail by Teichert and Fairbridge (1948) from aerial photographs.
Very limited collecting, from a narrow rim of living coral, exposed at LWS, on the
northern edge of the reef, indicates a rich coral fauna.

Teichert and Fairbridge (1948) mapped a broad zone of submerged coral heads on the
south-western side of the reef but this has not been examined.

Lacepede Islands

Lying closest to the coast of the reefs visited, the three low, sandy, vegetated Lacepede
Islands (16°52’S, 122°10’E) occur near the northern rim of a platform reef, c. 16km long,
oriented north-west to south-east and lying c. 18km from the coast, separated from it by
the Lacepede Channel. The surrounding sea is generally less than 20m deep and is
usually fairly turbid.

Saville-Kent collected from the Lacepde Islands in the early 1890s and this reef is the
type and only known locality of Montigyra kenti Matthai, 1928. This species has not
been found in subsequent collecting.

A small collection was made from the outer slope on the south side of the reef. Ten
species in 10 genera are recorded from the Lacepede Islands.

The Kimberley Coast

The Kimberley region in the far north of Western Australia has a deeply dissected ria
coastline (Semeniuk 1986) with numerous archipelagoes such as the Buccaneer Archi-
pelago, the Bonaparte Archipelago and groups of islands lying near the coast. Many of
the high islands have fringing reefs but the coral fauna is poorly known.

Bassett-Smith (1899) briefly described the reef at Troughton Island and recorded 15
genera of scleractinian corals together with the non scleractinian reef corals Heliopora,
Tubipora and Millepora. This collection has not be examined.

Of the few mainland islands from which limited coral collections have been obtained,
nine species of six genera are here recorded from Troughton Island, 14 species of seven
genera from Cassini Island and 27 species of 20 genera from Yampi Sound (including
Cockatoo and Koolan Islands). The coral fauna is probably seriously under-represented
by these figures. Inshore waters of the Kimberley coast, such as Admiralty Gulf and
Prince Frederick Harbour, lack coral reefs but coral communities occur, even in very
turbid conditions where low spring tides expose corals e.g. Catalaphyllia jardinei,
Euphyllia spp., Oulastrea crispata and Duncanopsammuia axifuga on mud-covered rock
substrates. Forty-one species of 24 genera of hermatypic corals are recorded from Ad-
miralty Gulf while 102 species of 45 genera are now known from the Kimberley coast
and nearshore reefs.

Broome
Broome (17°58’S, 122°14’E) lies at the entrance to Roebuck Bay which is surrounded by
tidal flats fringed by mangroves.

Gantheaume Point, Riddell Point and Entrance Point provide extensive intertidal
rock substrate for a moderately diverse coral community but the sub-tidal area has not
been investigated. Fifteen species of 10 genera are recorded from Broome.

Dampier Archipelago

The Dampier Archipelago (20°32’S, 116°38’E), off the Pilbara coast, is an inundated
landmass of groups of islands with rocky reefs, coral reefs and shoals, rising from a
submarine plain at 5-20m depth (Semeniuk et al. 1982, Semeniuk 1986). The inner
islands and the Burrup “peninsula” (an island joined to the mainland by mudflats) are
composed of Precambrian igneous rocks with boulder shorelines continuing as subtidal
slopes supporting a diverse coral community. Some of the outer islands such as
Kendrew Island are composed of limestone with fringing intertidal platforms and coral
reefs (Wilson and Marsh 1974). Lagoonal conditions occur between the Malus Islands
and between Gidley and Legendre Islands.

The climate is tropical, semi-arid, with a 315mm annual rainfall (Gentilli 1972) and
the area is subjected to periodic cyclones. A cyclone passes within 100km of the coastline
every 2-3 years (Coleman 1971). Cyclones are responsible for heavy rainfall and increased
wave action but freshwater Input is limited since no major rivers empty into. the
immediate vicinity.

‘There is a mean spring tide range of 5.6m (Semeniuk et al. 1982) causing strong
currents among the islands. The inshore waters are fairly turbid while the outer islands
are bathed by moderately clear water.

The Dampier Archipelago provides a great diversity of habitats with a correspond-
ingly diverse coral fauna. ‘The seaward reefs of Delambre, Legendre, Rosemary and
Kendrew Islands are exposed to considerable wave acuion whereas bays on the Burrup
Peninsula, such as Withnell Bay, are extremely sheltered. ‘There are shores with differ-
ing aspect, substrate, topography and slope and with varying current patterns, turbidity
and temperature regimes. From the Dampier Archipelago, 216 species of 57 scnera of
hermatypic coral are recorded while 223 species of 57 genera are known from the region.
Many species range from inshore to offshore habitats, but a small suite of species is
confined to the turbid inshore waters and others are found only on the outer reefs. For
example Pocillopora eydouxt and Pavona minuta were only found on the seaward reefs
while the genera Duncanopsammia, Caulastrea, Trachyphyllia, Moseleya and Euphyllia
were confined to the inshore habitats (Marsh 1978 and Paling 1986). Temporal and
spatial variation in the growth rate of Acropora formosa is reported by Simpson (1985a)
and mass spawning of scleractinian corals in the Dampier Archipelago by Simpson
(1985b).

Passage Islands

The Passage Islands (21°03’S, 115°49’E) are one group (and the only one collected) of an
extensive chain of low sandy islands and reefs lying close to the Pilbara coast between
the Dampier Archipelago and Exmouth Gull.

I8

Much of the adjacent coastline is low lying with tidal flats and mangroves. Although
the hinterland is semi-arid there is considerable seasonal or irregular freshwater influx
from the Fortescue and several smaller rivers, giving a high level of turbidity.

The Passage Islands are surrounded by silty-sand covered flats with scattered corals.
subtidally the coral fauna is similar to that of inshore areas of the Dampier Archi-
pelago.

From limited collecting in the Passage Islands, 39 species of 23 genera are recorded.

Barrow Island

Barrow Island (20°48’S, 115°24’E) lies 56km off the Pilbara coast, west of Dampier. The
island, about 29km by 11km, is composed predominantly of Miocene limestones which
form sea cliffs around much of the island. The northern and southern coasts are covered
by Pleistocene deposits and Holocene dunes (McNamara and Kendrick 1983). There is a
small area of coral reef on the mid-western side of the island and coral communities on
the south and part of the east side. Limited collecting has yielded 25 species of 15
genera of hermatypic corals.

Montebello Islands

The Montebello Islands (20°26’S, 115°33’E) lie north of Barrow Island on the same
shallow platform. These are highly dissected low limestone islands protected on their
western side by a barrier reef, the coral fauna of which has not been collected. Coral
communities in a channel in the north of the group, among the middle islands, and off
the south end of Hermite Island, yielded 61 species of 26 genera from fairly limited
collecting.

Exmouth Gulf

Bundegi Reef (21°51’S, 114°11’E) fringes the north-eastern side of North West Cape
facing the sheltered waters of Exmouth Gulf. An extensive intertidal platform, covered
with silty sand, has very little coral but subtidally there is a rich growth of coral
although only 28 species of 10 genera were found there.

Patch reefs on the eastern side of the Gulf have not been examined.

Ningaloo Reefs

Lying off the western side of the North West Cape peninsula between 21°47’S, 114°00’E
and 23°38’S, 113°37’E the Ningaloo Reefs extend for approximately 230 kilometres. The
reef edge lies from 200m to 7km offshore, so can best be described as a part fringing,
part barrier reef. The Ningaloo Reefs are described and figured by May et al. (1983).
This is the largest continuous reef area in Western Australia. The outer reef is of
calcarenite probably of Pleistocene age (Geol. Survey W.A. unpubl.), similar in lithol-
ogy to adjoining onshore sequences, the Bundera calcarenite (Van der Graaf et al. 1976)
which extends from the Cape Range in the north to Quobba in the south. The living
reef forms a thin veneer over the Pleistocene substrate in which fossil corals are exposed
in places. Numerous passages lead into a shallow lagoon, 2-12m in depth, in which the

19

sand floor often only thinly covers a limestone pavement to which brown algae
(Sargassum spp.) are attached in some areas. Ridges of fine grained calcarenite, possibly
representing the lithified core of a Pleistocene beach ridge or dune (Geol. Survey W.A.
unpubl.), and covered with a short algal turf provide habitat in the lagoon for a few
species of coral, e.g. Moseleya latistellata, not found elsewhere on the Ningaloo Reefs.

The shoreline consists of narrow sand or rubble beaches interspersed with limestone
platforms and low, undercut cliffs. The deeply dissected Cape Range forms the back-
bone of the North West Cape peninsula and short-term run-off from the range, via a
number of temporary streams, is sufficient to maintain open passages through the reef,
although the climate is semi arid.

The outer slope of the reef is somewhat dissected, with groove and spur structures in
places. Outside the reef there is sand and rock substrate at 8-20 metres, sloping seawards.
The shelf is very narrow off the northern half of the reef, the 200m contour lying within
4km of the coast near Norwegian Bay, while it is broader at the southern end of the reef
where the shelf break lies 50km from the coast.

The outer edge of the reef is bathed by clear oceanic water and subjected to strong
wave action. There is a nearly constant strong flow of water across the reef flats with
longshore drainage and flow out through the passages that occur every few kilometres.

While the structural complexity of the reef is not as great as for example, in the
Houtman Abrolhos it provides a number of habitats: the fore-reef (outer slope); reef flat
(in some areas with c. 100% cover of living coral, predominantly Acropora spp. exposed
only at the lowest spring tides) in others with an algal covered pavement but usually
with a mixture of living and cemented dead coral; the back reef which varies from a
broad expanse of coral and sand with a diverse coral fauna to extensive rubble sheets
sloping gently to the lagoon. In other areas the back reef terminates in a vertical or
undercut wall dropping several metres to the lagoon floor. Porites bommies and patches
of staghorn Acropora occur in the deeper lagoons. At Coral Bay a diverse fauna of
living coral has nearly filled the lagoon.

In the locality lists the Ningaloo Reef is divided into three sections: the northern
Ningaloo Reef from the northern extremity of the reef, near North West Cape, to the
reef passage off Yardie Creek; the middle Ningaloo Reef from Yardie Creek passage to
the passage north of Point Maud and the southern Ningaloo Reef from Point Maud to
the southern extremity of the reefs near Cape Farquhar.

From the Ningaloo Reef 217 hermatypic species of coral in 54 genera are now
recorded.

Shark Bay

Stretching from the north end of Bernier Island (24°45’S, 113°10’E) to its southernmost
point at 26°36’S, 113°41’E Shark Bay is a large shallow embayment approximately
12,950km? in area with an average depth of 9m and a greatest depth of c. 25 metres. The
bay is enclosed by Bernier, Dorre and Dirk Hartog Islands and is subdivided internally
into numerous inlets, gulfs and basins by dune ridges and submerged banks (sills).
Influx of oceanic water is through openings in the northern part of the outer island
barrier and South Passage. The embayment is adjacent to a low-relief, arid to semi arid

20

hinterland; runoff influx is negligible and evaporation greatly exceeds precipitation.
These factors, combined with the hydrologic structure of the water mass and restriction
imposed by banks and sills, result in increasing gradients of salinity towards the closed
southern parts of the embayment, from 36%o in the north to 65%o in the south (Logan
and Cebulski 1970). The coral fauna is limited to waters of oceanic salinity, on the
western side of the bay, on the east side of Bernier, Dorre and Dirk Hartog Islands and
reaches its greatest development at the entrance to South Passage between the southern
end of Dirk Hartog Island and the mainland.

At Point Quobba (24°29’S, 113°25’E) a very small coral reef fills a bay sheltered by the
tied islet of Point Quobba, north of Carnarvon. There is a diverse coral fauna which
has been little studied.

Eighty two species of coral of 28 genera are recorded from Shark Bay and the adjacent
coast and islands with the greatest diversity in South Passage on shallow limestone and
sand/rubble substrates. East of Dirk Hartog Island species richness is much less, the
number of genera dropping from 27 in South Passage to 11 at Sunday Island (south
east side of Dirk Hartog Island) and 3-4 along the east coast of Dirk Hartog Island and
at the northern end of the Peron Peninsula in the north-central part of the bay.

Saville-Kent (1897) first drew attention to the luxuriant growths of Turbinaria spp. in
Shark Bay and commented on the predominance of the genus in extra-tropical waters.

The Houtman Abrolhos

The Houtman Abrolhos (between 28°16’S, 113°35’E and 29°S, 114°E) are the most
southerly coral reefs in the Indian Ocean.

They comprise four groups of islands and reefs (North Island, the Wallabi Group,
Easter Group and Pelsaert Group) lying close to the edge of the continental shelf about
63km off the mid west coast of Western Australia.

Living corals flourish on a foundation of Pleistocene coralline limestone forming
extensive reefs around the islands. The islands themselves are built of coralline lime-
stone, aggregated coral rubble and sand (with acolianite in a few places) (Dakin 1919;
Teichert 1947; Fairbridge 1948; Wilson and Marsh 1979). A vivid account of the reefs
and corals is given by Saville-Kent (1897).

The seaward reefs, exposed to strong wave action have little coral on their outer
platforms or seaward faces which are predominantly algal covered. Corals occur in back
reef areas, in passages and form knolls and patch reefs in the western lagoons.

The large platform reefs, particularly in the more sheltered eastern half of the groups,
are dissected by deep channels, lagoons and ‘blue holes’, reflecting an underlying karst
topography. Inter group passages are the same depth as the shelf around the Abrolhos
(30-40m) while many of the ‘blue holes’ reach 20-30 metres depth. ‘The great topo-
graphic complexity and environmental diversity of these reefs provides habitats for an
exceptionally diverse coral fauna. At present 184 species of 42 genera are recorded from
the Houtman Abrolhos Islands.

21

The South-west Coast

The geomorphology of carbonate coastlines of south-western Australia is described by
Semeniuk and Johnson (1985). Corals occur sporadically in suitable habitats on near-
shore carbonate reefs but rarely on inshore platforms.

At Port Gregory (28°12’S, 114°14’E) a limestone platform ted to the southern point of
the bay, partly encloses a “lagoon”. Predominantly along the inner edge of the platform
is a coral community of 37 species of 13 genera.

South of Geraldton the coast is sandy with occasional limestone headlands. Coral
communities occur around some of the limestone platforms which lie within a few
kilometres of much of the coast between Dongara and Perth.

Limestone reefs off Port Denison (29°16’S, 114°55’E) have yielded 13 species of seven
genera. In the Jurien Bay (30°15’S, 115°01’E) to Green Head (30°04’S, 114°58’E) area 11
species of eight genera are recorded. Jurien Bay is the southernmost nearshore locality at
which Acropora spp. are recorded in Western Australia. The continental shelf narrows
to less than 40km between Jurien Bay and Cervantes so this area may be influenced by
the warm Leeuwin Current, which tends to flow along the shelf break.

In the Cervantes to Lancelin area (30°32’S to 31°00’S) 14 species of 11 genera have
been found. Corals occur patchily, usually around nearshore islets, protected by offshore
reefs.

Near Perth the Marmion lagoon (31°49’S, 115°43’E) is sheltered by a chain of reefs
2-4km off the coast. Numerous small, isolated rock platforms in the lagoon have yielded
10 species of hermatypic coral of 8 genera.

Rottnest Island (32°00’S, 115°31’E) les about 20km west of Fremantle, its long axis
oriented east-west. The island has an indented coastline with aeolianite headlands and
shore platforms alternating with sandy bays. The geology is described by Teichert (1950)
and Playford and Leech (1977). The water is clear and during winter the island is
warmed by the Leeuwin current giving a higher minimum temperature than the
adjacent mainland coast (table | and fig. 2). Rottnest Island has the best developed coral
communities of any area of the temperate coast with 25 species of 16 genera represented.
At Parker Point, on the south side of the island, Pocillopora damicornis fori. a small
reef with a coral garden of Montipora mollis, Alveopora fenestrata and several laviud
species nearby. At Salmon Point two colonies of Acropora selago were found in January
1988; Porites lutea is recorded from a single specimen found in the same area in 1973.
This is the southernmost recorded occurrence of both species in Western Australia. The
rock platform fauna and flora of Rottnest Island is discussed by Hodgkin, Marsh and
Smith (1959) and Wells (1985),

The number of coral species drops rapidly south of Rottnest Island, with only seven
genera and species recorded from Garden Island (32°12’S, 115°40’E).

Cockburn Sound (32°12’S, 115°43’E) is a semi-enclosed embayment between Garden
Island and the mainland, with a greater temperature range and lower minimum
temperature (15.2°C) than Rottnest Island (Hodgkin and Phillips 1969). Nevertheless,
well developed coral communities occur on shallow seagrass covered sand and rubble
banks on the western side and formerly on the eastern side; 16 species of ten genera are
recorded from Cockburn Sound.

oy)

Hall Bank close to Fremantle has a similar coral fauna to that of Cockburn Sound.

Geographe Bay, sheltered from S.W. swells by Cape Naturaliste, (33°32’S, 115°00’E)
has a number of areas of low-relief rocky substrate in depths of 5-20 metres providing
substrate for corals among small macro-algae and seagrasses. Coral communities are
particularly well developed between Dunsborough and Cape Naturaliste where 14
|| species of seven genera are recorded. Off Eagle Bay, near Cape Naturaliste, Turbinaria
| spp. form very large tiered coralla c. 3m in height while Favites and Goniastrea spp.
| also form large coralla. The endemic south Western Australian species Symphyllia
wilsont and Coscinaraea marshae are abundant in some areas at 15-20 metres.

The South Coast

The south coast of Western Australia has a succession of granite or gneiss headlands
| with sandy beaches between while carbonate platforms lie across some of the smaller
bays. The physiography of the Archipelago of the Recherche is described by Fairbridge
and Serventy (1954).

Coral communities are found in moderately sheltered waters particularly in the outer
part of King George Sound (35°03’S, 117°58’E) and in the Archipelago of the Recherche
33°48’S to 34°28’S, 121°37’E to 124°06’E). Seven species of four genera occur along the
south coast including three (Coscinaraea meneilli, Plesiastrea verstpora and Scolymia
australis) which extend across southern Australia (Shepherd and Veron 1982), and C.
marshae which extends into South Australia. Three species of Turbinaria cover exten-
sive areas in King George Sound and the Recherche Archipelago. Symphyllia wilsoni
and Favites sp. have been found as beach worn specimens on the south coast and
Montipora sp. has been photographed near Cape Leeuwin, the southernmost record of
this genus.

Distribution Patterns

Species distribution records of principal geographic regions are summarised in Table 2.

Figure 3 indicates the relationship between each geographic region for which clearly
representative data were obtained. The major division indicated by the dendrogram is
between reefal and non-reefal regions.

Within the reefal regions, the major offshore reefs (Ashmore Reef, Scott Reef and
Rowley Shoals) make up the first grouping, the more southerly onshore groups
(Dampier Zone, Ningaloo Reefs and Shark Bay) make up the second. The third group,
the Houtman Abrolhos Islands, is relatively distinct.

Within the non-reefal regions, the two northern-most (which have a relatively high
diversity) and the two southern-most (which have a relatively low diversity) form
relatively distinct groups.

23

Houtman Abrolhos s FY
Geraldton Zon

Figure 3

Ashmore Reef W

Scott Reef W.

Rowley ShoalsYY

Dampier Zon

4

Jurien Bay Zon

Marmion Zone:
Rottnest Island 7

Geographe Bay Z

Wp 1 1 L L 1
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
Dissimilarity scale

Yj Recherche Archipelago
South Coast W.A.

Agglomerative hierarchical classification of principal coral regions of Western Australia. Data
used are the records in this publication (summarised in Table 2), with the exception of the
Kimberley Coast and Lancelin Region, for which data are considered incomplete. The classifi-
cation, ordination and group diagnostic procedures are components of the PATN package of
Belbin (1987), using the Bray-Curtis dissimilarity coefficient and flexible unweighted pair mean
averages.

24

TABLE 2. Summary of the distribution of reef corals in principal geographic zones of

Western Australia

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Acanthastrea echinata xX er et OK, OK So ee CR
Acanthastrea hillaea ©(©——~—— — XOUKee ASS Es a oe
Acanthastrea lordhowensis ee pS oy ee 8 PNY 8 8 ORL eR,
Acrhelia horrescens De Sa SE = ee pes Se ee, Be
Acropora abrolhosensis X X X —X X —X — — — —~ ~~ ~ ~ —
Acropora aculeus =f KX |X K% HY KE SSS eS Ses
Acropora acuminata re RO Ee et
Acropora anthocercis X X ——XK X —~X —-— —- — —~ — ~ ~ —
Acropora aspera X ——X X X X X —~—-—— — ~~ ~— —
Acropora austera X X X — XK X —-—-—- ~~ — ~+ —~ —~ ~ —
Acropora brueggemanni SK a, ee ey tA ety NT
Acropora bushyensis @ — — — — Kor ee et ee Se SS
Acropora caroliniana ed Re ee 2 a eet
Acropora cerealis KX X—-—X XK¥—X —-—— +> + ~~ —
Acropora clathrata X X XXX XK —-———-— > —— + — —
Acropora cytherea XX KO, KX Swe ee a
Acropora danat Ke SE gE ea ts
Acropora dendrum —--—--—- xX ~~ X ~—--— ~~ —- — ~~ —
Acropora digitifera X X X XX XK KX X —~—- ~~~ ~ ~— —
Acropora divaricata XX SS Re ee
Acropora donei SOX AK eee KR a Oe eth eS
Acropora elseyi SO See SSS Se eae SH
Acropora exquisita Moe eRe ae el et Le ee a
Acropora florida XXX —X XXX -—-—-————~— ~~
Acropora formosa xX X X X X KX —X —— -— — ~~ — + —
Acropora gemmifera Re Me OX SE OX ee ee ee SE
Acropora glauca KX —X —-X——XX KX —~————~ —
Acropora grandis XeoxX: Kee Wx Me ees te
Acropora granulosa KX X——X—X —--—-———~— — ~ —
Acropora horrida X XX -—-X X—xX-——-—-— o> => ~—
Acropora humilis KX XX —-XKX -—--—--—--—--—--—- -—- —- —- ~~ —
X X X X X X XX KX ~~ KX ~ ~ ~ ~ ~— —

Acropora hyacinthus

TABLE 2. continued.

Recherche Archipelago

6 ‘

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Acropora latistella X X X X X X KX X ~~ —~ ~~ — ~— — —
Acropora listeri ———— xX — —-—- - > Fe Fe
Acropora longicyathus X X X —~— XK ~ => — ~~~ ~~ ~ ~— —
Acropora loripes KX —~-—-——X —-—- —- —- — — — —- -— —
Acropora lovelli --— x x _ _
Acropora microclados ——-—X —-—-xXk —-—- -—- —- —- — —- — — — —
Acropora microphthalma X XX XX XX —~ XK —-—- —- —- — — — — —
Acropora millepora X X X KX X KX KX X — — KX — — ~— ~— ~— —
Acropora monticulosa XM. OG kr ES eS
Acropora nana XOX RRR GK Le, oe ew Se
Acropora nasuta X X X — X KX — X — — ~~ ~—~ ~ ~ ~ ~—
Acropora nobilis MON Xe ee OX OX i Xe ey ee
Acropora palifera SEMIS ae Set ee es
Acropora paniculata Di GAs Oe oe A es Sey yy ss oy eee
Acropora polystoma a, ca az Safe ts Fa: We.
Acropora pulchra KX KX KX K KX KK KX See +. eS See He
Acropora robusta MOE Ke UX Re ek Saat 2 ok be
Acropora samoensis X X X —~ X — — — _ BF bs, TY
Acropora sarmentosa See eK KX. OK = =, a
Acropora selago X X X-— X KX — X KX ~~ ~ X ~ ~ ~ ~

Acropora solitaryensis X — X X X —X X X X

Acropora spicifera —-—--—-—KXKXKX KX = —- ~~~ ~~~
Acropora stoddarti —xX X — xX —~~—xX — — a
Acropora subglabra Mie ee Moet ey cs ee SE oe
Acropora subulata Mo ROO at SS OG Se ey
Acropora tenuis Bo Xt RK as KX fe ee ee eS
Acropora tortuosa aie, ot Te ge GE ee UN
Acropora valenciennesi Re XS See Ree XK SS SE SE eS
Acropora valida Dee Dee Xe a OX OC Rc Sa a ee
Acropora vaughani =X BF Sa K HS KY] ae ee ee
Acropora verweyt Noga at OO ee eb ee
Acropora willisae — EX - =| — KMS KX SSeS
Acropora yonget X X X —XK KX —~X K¥ ~~ ~~~ L_
Acroporasp.L os Me te ee a

Alveopora allingi

TABLE 2. continued.

E g

Sy 3

a 3 in “g re 6 yv ¢ > < &

B aSebeergss §435

SESE eRERERS EELS

Sa zpepegtecece es 28a 5

Er steht Stress SsEPee

S£SsséERSBES SER BR SEE BG
2aexM4ARZKETALOCKAAKRSOCHR me

r. ut 1 5. % ] j 7

Alveopora catalai Me oo ob ee es 2) Sel es
Alveopora fenestrata X — xX X X X —X —X —— xX —-—— —
Alveopora gigas i et Et ee) ae
Alveopora spongiosa XX X —~—xX X¥ X —~—~-—--—--—--—--—--— —
Alveopora tizardi RE oe Re oe ORS oS et st te eS 4
Alveopora verrilliana KX X —~—-—xX —-X¥ —~—--—-—--—-—---
Anacropora puertogalerae aie Pe OS ee eS
Astreopora explanata WOE OE SE KRG at RT Se
Astreopora gracilis KX X —~—xX —-—X —-—-—-—-—-—-—---—
Astreopora myriophthalma X X X — X X —~ X === --—7- 7-7 —
Astreopora ocellata X —~—~xX KX X —~X —-—-—-———--—--—
Australomussa rowleyensis xX X X —-X —~—X —-—--—--—--—--—---—--
Barabattoia amicorum ——--—- x x Xx —-X ——--——-—X -—--—---
Blastomussa merleti ae ee Ee Se ee a ee
Blastomussa wellsi = = 3G ee ee hae ee Fee
Catalaphyllia jardinei 5 ee Cp a en ee
Caulastrea furcata Kee ee Sw
Caulastrea tumida aif % XX 2 Se Se eee eS
Coeloseris mayeri Ry ey AG a as ee Oe ee,
Coscinaraea columna K xX —xX xX X X X —~—X —-—--—-—-—--—-—
Coscinaraea exesa —~—x —~xX X —~X —~—--—--—--—---—--—--
Coscinaraea marshae os FO eo SS RE eR EK
Coscinaraea meneili ee xX X X X X X X
Cycloseris costulata XX KX —~—~——--—--—--—--—-—-----
Cycloseris cyclolites KX —~—~xX X —-X —~—--—--—--—--—--—----
Cycloseris marginata en ne eee
Cycloseris noumeae i, en
Cycloseris patelliformis —~-——~~— xX —~—-xX —~—--—--—----—---
Cycloseris sinensis K —~—- —-—--—--—--—--—--—-----—---
Cycloseris vaughani KX XX —--—--—-—---—--—--------
Cyphastrea chaleidicum KX xX X ——X —--—--—--—--—--—------
Cyphastrea microphthama X X X X X XX XX ~—~ =~ == —
Cyphastrea serailia Xx X X X X X X X X —~—X KX X¥ —— —
a eee

Cyphastrea sp. 1 =
Diaseris distorta = = OO X

TABLE 2. continued.

Diaseris fragilis
Diploastrea heliopora
Duncanopsammua axifuga
Echinophyllia aspera
Echinophyllia echinata
Echinophyllia orpheensis
Echinopora gemmacea
Echinopora hirsutissima
Echinopora horrida
Echinopora lamellosa
Echinopora mammiformis
Echinopora sp. 1
Euphyllia ancora
Euphyllia cristata
Euphyllia divisa
Euphyllia glabrescens
Favia favus

Favia helianthoides
Favia laxa

Favia lizardensis

Favia matthati

Favia maxima

Favia pallida

Favia rotumana

Favia rotundata

Favia sp. 1

Favia speciosa

Favia stelligera

Favia veroni

Favites abdita

Favites chinesis

Favites compisnata
Favites flexuosa

Favites halicora

Favites pentagona

3 &

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¥ fe oy <i

a nv 6 > yy

y Gogddiciig g233
SPSES seg keeEs SLES SE
a ope tC Om SF FRE Bo G &
eS LR EREx~ ECT EEE ERS ES
SSSR RSE SRB RE RS ES 2S
ARMA A KR DTA Oe e zs O Ke
gg De ey | Pee Pe > > a ak a ae 2 en, Ae,
XESS oR SS Se Se eS SS Ee
es RS eT es te ck rae Se
SOS Se SEG A SS ee
Mis CA PARA ARE Cee, meg 8 we Kg
ee ee OS ROS Le eee ee
pe es ee re a a Se ee
Baer oo a ee ad oe Bet oN ts td
Me Nea a A Ln be te Pe ets oy
XO RS eee SA ee ee
ma Re a he, Be is ke te a
% a x = -_ wee oes et EES oe
eRe Re a a
2s X fH OS SOE Se eS ek SF
ee ee Et RR CE Ge ee oe Dain ee A, ees
x KOS Se XE = = = a, _
x RM Ka MO SS
Rey XS ay t= ME ee Blk ee eS
BO Sethe, ee Ke SS, Se ek t,t
ie eR RS Bee Te, te ee
SRN eet Be aS Pt ee pan F
MES a & Ma we ee Ss ee,
Seta ea EK es oS a ey oi Ay ed te
Re Se) Sed eS et ee eb ee np
MOM, Se Se xX = pote ae
elt oat SG WPA ee Se in ny ee
MRS ER RAI OSE Po yee ats gy op,
XK BX Koa = = ee or
Gee BSS Bee ee
KK te Ke EE SK se ate
Mose Me MME RM See LL eS
Antes SP Ry Re ee ee So ey fg
KO Xe SK, RS aoe ES
MOK a es OE
We EG = Ss ER se Lie Te Ss 9 et

no
lee)

TABLE 2. continued.

o wv

stn geedee wee

Be She seeR8st FREE

ECE p esa Psa eyes s

eM Pee gUTeEOzp ec Pe EEE SE

SSeS EELS ES EER EEE SBS
<aAaxmMAZKETAS AAA SEB e

ee a i_@7? a2 Alo WwW WIS It Ib 14

Favites russelli X X X ——X XK XK XK —~ ~~ xX ~~ ~~
Favitessp.Eo a Mi. Me 22% ss ata SS ee
Fungia concinna >, le, Caan, CD, Ca, Camm mn gc
Fungia echinata Me DKS roe Xs ee ees ee ios Sr SS
| Fungia fungites iw EX NE EO ER ey es ee ee Ta
Fungia granulosa XM Xe RAH a Eee oe ss ee ee BE
| Fungia horrida Ke Se, eee Ee, a me er A
Fungia klunzingeri Kt, SG at I eS Se et AL PS ea)
Fungia paumotensis eK Re Se Ns wy et ey ee ee
Fungia repanda X X KX X X X — X — ~~ ~~ ~—~ —~ ~ ~—
Fungia scruposa KX, SOS Ree Sas SSeS eS
Fungia scutaria MX MS HeK SH HS ee Sa a ES
Fungia simplex X UX Xn KK eR eS Sy
Fungia valida De ee a ee re oe ee ee a
Galaxea astreata KX XOX KKK SSeS eee sn Se
Galaxea fascicularis X XX XX XK —X-—-—-—=+—+ ~~~
Gardineroseris planulata X X X —X X¥ —-— —- —- ~~~ ~~ ~— ~—
Gonuastrea aspera X X — X X X X X X — XX XX X X X — —
Gonzastrea australensis ——-—xX KX KX X X X X KX XX XX ~~ >
Gonuastrea edwardsi X X X —X XK X —~-—- — —- — — — ~ —
Gonuastrea favulus X X ——X X¥ KX X —~--—-— —- ——— ~ —
Goniastrea palauensis X X ——X X —~X —~——— xX — — — —
Gonuastrea pectinata X X X X X X KX X —~—-—- —- —- — — — —
Gonzastrea retiformis XX XX XX —-—X —-—-——-— — — —
Gonistreasp.1 os SO X—-—-—-—- —-— ~~ —
Goniopora columna X X ——X X —~X —~—-— — — ~~ ~ —
Goniopora djiboutiensis —X xX —-XK —--—-XK —-—- -—-—-—--—-~——~—
Goniopora lobata Xx X —X X X X —-—-——— — — — ~ —
Goniopora minor X X X X XX —~—~-—-—--—-—- — — — ~— —
Goniopora palmensis —-—-X—X —--—--—---------+--—
Gontopora pandoraensis KX —-—-X-—--—--—--—--—--—------- =
Goniopora pendulus KX ——xX X —~—X —~ —~—~— xX ~ — — —
Gomopora somaliensis X—-—-p— Fe H—- eF er re err er re
Goniopora stokesi X —-——X ——X X ~~~ —-—- — ~— —
Goniopora stutchburyi X —X X X —X X — — — — — — — — —

TABLE 2. continued.

Ashmore Reef

re °

Re s

A x

Oo wv : £

a owe See wees
eset eisese #2

eSseSBeSgn S z 2

pel N % io) >My N 2 2 Y

oH RB oF gs € G mos o

o 2g See sme ese SaSE

~eppxe SRE a @ -- 8 =

SRRBExe SSE EP EE RSE

S + 3 + ee Ee or 5g

Sshs ESE SSB BER SBS BY

AxMeaAaZATASC eA ex# sb sw

Goniopora tenuidens
Goniopora sp. 1
Goniopora sp. 2
Goniopora sp. 3
Heliofungia actiniformis
Herpolitha limax
Herpolitha weberi
Heteropsammia cochlea
Hydnophora exesa
Hydnophora microconos
Hydnophora pilosa
Hydnophora rigida
Leptastrea bottae
Leptastrea inaequalis
Leptastrea pruinosa
Leptastrea purpurea
Leptastrea transversa
Leptastrea sp. 1
Leptoria phrygia
Leptoseris explanata
Leptoseris foliosa
Leptoseris hawaitiensis
Leptoseris incrustans
Leptoseris mycetoseroides
Leptoseris papyracea
Leptoseris scabra
Leptoseris yabei
Lithophyllon edwardsi
Lobophyllia corymbosa
Lobophyllia diminuta
Lobophyllia hataii
Lobophyllia hemprichii
Merulina ampliata
Merulina scabricula
Montastrea annuligera

AK KK | KK mK Km mK OO OM | me K | KK RM

Bo EE Ne Mc eer De ah,
Nl Be Ssh Ee os pi Soe ecg te pe be
SOS, “Oe a ee
LER O RS tye AE OM tet pet ye te ee
Ce a Som ath Os, eee ee ne
Mee KN PK Se Ne eS
RE KE el te, a ee ee
Bee he Ba Se OE XK Se a a th
MK eo eae at SS Se a SS
Pity Sy i ee ye Sa A
Re Pe ses Le see a
XR Se Se a ee ee
KE Mee MO eee sok hy cs
Oe Es ee ee ee
Mis OOK BOS BS Bee ea et
Re eS ai ee eS oe a
X — — — X ~ X ~~~ ~~ _ eo
a, a ot aan 4 a Seen Oe oe
x — — — — — _ —— ek
M oS Se a Fahl A a
x — — — ——EOEES EES VE CLC SS LYS i SS ise ee
et oe Ke TE Ee ge
Ree He a Ke vege Se. Ue
Se a eee ie OL ee a
at RS SS
SM A Sh te SO Bae fa ee ne ee
Me OE ee
ROR SMS RE URE SE a et Be ie
+a Sp Sap Aen ae ee oe el ey ee
Mp: St EK meee et cb Ss = ae

7) a 4 : g x Ss > x: 2

y oe2Gfbase g2ei

Se, epneDtgr eS re By

pESE Le RS PERE ERS S

e4@ GS B84 ESPs te EES SE
SSEPEEGE PRE es Eg EERE SES

Hn 9 Oo. Sw ¢ © 6 ¥ o S&S Oo ©

ix 42AZGETA SSI XZ SoBe

1 27 UY G6 &Y Fe A IO 47 1S 14 19 IG TF

Montastrea curta M. RO NS RX eK ey See
Montastrea magnistellata Mow ME US! XX OR a es ee
Montastrea valenciennesi X X X X X X KX KX — —- —~ — ~ ~ ~—~ — —
Montigyra kenti LE a 1 eg
Montipora aequituberculata X X X — X KX X X X — —~ —~ —~ —~ — — —
Montipora angulata —X. ee BRK OSS eS
Montipora australiensis — — — — — — — a ENT ep Ss S| FO PO eg gl
Montipora calcarea a a Nai Ee tt ts ph
Montipora caliculata Xf Si. eS a ae a
Montipora capricornis = = — — — — — XO AX Sh Se ee
Montipora crassituberculaa — — — — X¥ X — X —~— ~~ —~———-—— —
Montipora danae XX X—-X¥ XX —~X —~—~—--—-——-—— —
Montipora digitata XX —X XX-—-xX —-—-—--—-——--—--—--—
Montipora efflorescens X X X XX X —-X —~—-—-——-—-—-—-—--—-—-—
Montipora flowert X X X —~—-X —~—-—-—-—-—--—--—----—
Montipora foliosa Xx X X ——X —~X —-———-——-—-—=—
Montipora foveolata XxX X X —X KX X —~—--—-——-—- —- —— —
Montipora grisea xX X X —X X —~X X —~——-—--—-—— —
Montipora hispida xX X —~—X X KX X¥ —~—--—-—-—--——— —
Montipora hoffmeisteri xX X X —X X —~X —~—-——-—-—--—-———
Montipora incrassata — xX ——X —~—- xX —-—--—-—--—--—--—-—-— —
Montipora informis X X X —~—X —X —-—-—-—-—--—-— — —
Montipora millepora X —xX XX X¥ —~—--—--—--—-—-—--—--—-— —
Montipora mollis X X X X X X KX KX X X KX KX KX KX — —
Montipora monasteriata xX X X —X KX X —~—-——--—-—-—— — —
Montipora nodosa —~xX ——X —~—xX —-—--—--—-—--—--—--—- —
Montipora peltiformis xX —xX X X¥ XX X X —~—~—-—-— — — —
Montipora spongodes X ——xX X —X XXX -—-—--—--—--—-—-—
Montipora spumosa xX X X —X X KX X —~—-—--—-—--—-— — —
Montipora stellata —~———xX X —~X —~—~—-—-——-—---—
Montipora tuberculosa —~X ——xX xX X —~—-—-———-——-—- —
Montipora turgescens —xX X —X X KX X KX —~—~-——-——-—-—-—
Montipora turtlensis ——xX —X X —~X —~—~——-————-—
Montipora undata Xx XX —X X —~-—-—--—-—-——-—--—-—-=—
KX X —X X X —- -—- —- - —- -—- - - - -

Montipora venosa

1S)
_

TABLE 2. continued.

4! Recherche Archipelago

6 yu {

4 g ode S & = g v ves =

P_ 88 ge 2st es Sos

eee Ps SEREPsES se esas

Pe cyag? cs eE he ES

SSR ERS R SERGE RS Bao S

tAMMHM AAR TACHA eKeZOD

) f

Montipora verrucosa X X X — X KX ~~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~— ~ —
Montiporasp.1 © ————~—~— ~— — »
Montiporasp.2 0 Mowe Ky ee ee
Montiporasp.3 oS xX <0 es Se = eS Se
Moseleya latistellata Bg te EG oe De OC es ee tS
Mycedium elephantotus EE KO a EPSP at
Mycedium robokaki Pg ate tp PR PS Gey |S
Oulastrea crispata ee ORR A ne ee i hd
Oulophyllia bennettae SO Ke ROSE RSs 2 Se ee ee oe
Oulophyllia crispa Oo SX = Ket > fet ey Pe Ue tee, 2
Oxypora glabra X X X —— XK —X ~ —- ~~ ~~ ~ ~ —
Oxypora lacera Xx KX —K KK Ke — Sees e Lee
Pachyseris rugosa XOX MS TKK a Seo, eS ee OS eS
Pachyseris speciosa XM 30 EX XK pK Fe et Fee
Palauastrea ramosa os FP > a a on ek.
Pavona cactus OK i a Ba Ue ee, ot te
Pavona clavus pCa ee a a
Pavona decussata X X X X KX K KX KX ~~ ~~~ ~~ ~ ~
Pavona explanulata Be eX Oe Se OR OX Xe es ee ee
Pavona maldivensis XX KX == KH — Kos eee LS Ss ee ee
Pavona minuta X X X —~ XK X KX X¥ ~~~ ~~ ~ Pe os
Pavona varians MM RM a we BR SR See eee ss
Pavona venosa Me OX DS OP Ae ES re ee Ie
Pavona sp. 1 DO pe is ee ee ee
Pectinia alcicornis De OR me Et a yh ee le
Pectinia lactuca XM XM eK ee “ee ee tw
Pectinia paeonia XX— XX KS ee eee we Le
Pectinia teres MOOK, Riles fe re a ee Ee
Physogyra lichtensteini 2 eS, ge nD, TaD, Ot en a ad ge
Platygyra daedalea XX MH KX MORE RR eb See ee
Platygyra lamellina XX — XM Xe XK KK Klass se
Platygyra pini ReX Mma RM KK Se ee ee sw Le
Platygyra ryukyuensis DE OX eK A St ae SR
Platygyra sinesis AM KX ERX SLM Les es ee Lee
Platygyra verweyi DR ak), a>, Ga, Cal ee

TABLE 2. continued.

Oo wv cB)
oe 2 Ee a 3 g a I o = € =
B EGERSSEgSE F452
wow & DAN ae) © > N .N wv 8 a
PESES eg ePESS EERE
cM PS Beye ECB etE EE ES SE
EsBPBeePuzebBeef tess
FSsstp Ee EB FB FER SSO BE
“A MRCMAZATACHAH Ke eZCHK se

17244 $60 F€59 £ 2
Plerogyra sinuosa MX XK RM oS eee Se
Plesiastrea versipora Xx X X X X X X KX X — XX XX XK XK X
Pocillopora damicornis X X X X X X X X X X KX XX KX —-— —
Pocillopora eydouxt X X X —X X¥ KX —~—-—-—-—-—-—-—— —
Pocillopora meandrina X ———X X¥ —~X —-—--—-—--—--—-—--—-—
Pocillopora verrucosa X X X —X X X X —~—-—--—--—--——--—- —
Pocillopora woodjonesi KX X —-—X X -—-—-—--—-—--—-—-—--—-- —-
Podabacia crustacea KX X XX XX —-—--—--—-—--—--—-—--—--— =
Polyphyllia talpina X KX X X X X —-—-—-——-—-—-—-—---
Porites cylindrica XX X —X X —~-—-—-—-—-—-—--—--—--—--—
Porites eridani a ee ee ee
Porites heronensis ttle Se an RE ep oe eo ee ES
Porites lichen X X X —X X —~X —~—--—-—--—--—--—--— =
Porites lobata X X XX XX XX —~—-—--—--—-—--—--— —
Porites lutea KX X¥ X —~X X X X —~———X —-—-—- —
Porites murrayensis ae 3G tte Tee SS ee me ee
Porites nigrescens KX X X —~—-X —-—-—--—--—--—-----—-
Porites rus XX WK — KX = SH SS See ee He He SS
Porites solida —~xX Xx —~X X —~X —~—-—-—--—-—-—--—--—--—
Porites stephensoni SEs) ee, ey ee ee ee
Porites vaughani KOM OE eee bs She pe ee ee
Porites sp. 1 KX X —~—~ XK —— XK —~—--—--—------
Porites sp. 2 oie Be KN RM Sa KR Se ee Se Se
Porites sp. 3 ————xX X —XK — = a= _— =
Psammocora contigua Xx XX X XX X¥ X¥—-—--—--—--—--—--—-- -
Psammocora digitata x X X X XX —~X —-—--—--—--—--—--—---—
Psammocora explanulata KX —~—~x X X —X —-—--—--—--—--—--—---—
Psammocora haimeana —~xX X —xX X —~X —~—--—--—--—--—--—---
Psammocora nierstrasz KX —~-——-xX —-—--—-—--—--—------ >
Psammocora profundacella | X X — —X X —~X ~—=~ ===> 77> > —
Psammocora superficialis KX X X —X KX X X ——--—--—--—--—--—-—--—
Psammocora spel >
Psammocora sp. 2 XY —_— =| —--—---—- - - ee ome
Pseudosiderastrea tayamai —~ + —~ XK XX-—--—-—--—-------
Sandalolitha robusta KX X X —~—-X —-—---—-----—----

TABLE 2. continued.

Vv 4
ca 3 2 = 8 x S co) “—_ 5
2 8 £28888 % 852
SESE CS eaP eee ERS S
Se epspaenGecoezesectBtg bs sg
Go. 2 on a "a © 2 & 5S ¢<
ESEEREGCR SEER RS ee RE
23 e242 AZKRTAL6CSZAKZOCAs
yu =c aie»
Scapophyllia cylindrica KX XxX X —~xX KX —~X—-—--—----7-7- 7-7
Scolymia australis Os = 7 HOT X —~ xX X —
Seriatopora caliendrum SoS AR eae See Se SS eS
Seriatopora hystrix X X X X —X —~-—--—--—--—---7-7- 7-7
Stylocoeniella armata Cie, ae een ee ee ee
Stylocoeniella guenthert KX xX KX —~xX XK —-X ——-—-—----- nT
Stylophora pistillata X K KX X¥ KX X¥ X —-—--—---—--- - TO
Symphyllia agaricia KX X X —~X X —-—-—--—--—----—--- 7
Symphyllia radians Keo eee Soe See ee se
Symphyllia recta Whit ACM X hve etieee ee Se ae S See e
Symphyllia valenciennesi So Regge oy EL, ee Se ee Ey A
Symphylliawilsont SH TH XxX X X X X X X¥ X XK —
Trachyphyllia geoffroyt SOP ee Re ee ee ee ey ee Ss
Turbinaria bifrons Seer K X XK KX KX] |] ee = HK =
Turbinaria conspicua ee BW KR RN RK HK Se ee eet
Turbinaria frondens X X X X X X X X X X —X XK X X XK —
Turbinaria mesenterina X —X XX X X X X X X X X XX XX
Turbinaria patula — ee ee Oe eS Seo eS ES
Turbinaria peltata X X — xX X X X X —~ —~—— XK XK X — —
Turbinaria radicals FH — — ~~ — Koo, Spe: See
Turbinaria reniformis X X —~—-xX X X X ———X XXX X X
Turbinaria stellulata X KX XK —X KX -— XK — He H— Seer
Turbinaria sp. 1 Po eee BM OR BR ep es

Records and Annotated Species List

Specimen numbers listed below are all registration numbers of the Western Australian
Museum (WAM). Prior to 1930 specimens were numbered sequentially; after that year
numbers commenced from one at the beginning of each year eg WAM 1-31, WAM 1024-
85, thus the year is an integral part of the registration number. Where no registration
number is given, the record is based on specimens from another collection or specimens
identified by the authors from research collections, (EPA) indicates specimens in the
research collection of Dr C.J. Simpson of the Western Australian Environmental Pro-

tection Authority. ‘V’ indicates that the record is a visual one only.

34

FAMILY ASTROCOENIIDAE Koby, 1890

GENUS STYLOCOENIELLA Yabe & Sugiyama, 1935
There are no differences between western and eastern Australian Stylocoeniella.

Stylocoeniella guentheri (Bassett-Smith, 1890)
Veron and Pichon (1976): 38-41, figs. 45-49.
Uncommon except at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. Restricted to protected reefal environ-
ments. Usually small, cryptic, but sometimes forms large (<1.5m diam.) massive col-
onies with irregular surfaces. Dark brown or greenish-brown, in deeper water becoming
pale brown.
Records: Ashmore Reef 729-86, 742-86, 766-86, 803-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)

Cartier Reef 761-86 (outer slope, 8-22m)

Scott Reef 570-85, 569-85, 566-85, 567-85 (lagoon 5-8m, outer slope)

Rowley Shoals 406-83, 155-84, 215-83, 426-83 (lagoon 1-18m)

Dampier Archipelago 422-78, 191-84, 193-84, 571-85 (2-5m)

Northwest Cape 452-81

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 925-85, 828-85 (lagoon 5-12m,; outer slope 8-20m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 249-78, 248-78, 52-88, 73-88, (21-31m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 47-88.

Stylocoeniella armata (Ehrenberg, 1834)
Veron and Pichon (1976): 41-42, fig. 50.

Rare, cryptic, restricted to protected reefal environments. Variable mottled colours.

Records: Scott Reef 568-85 (lagoon 5-8m)
Rowley Shoals.

FAMILY POCILLOPORIDAE Gray, 1842

GENUS POCILLOPORA Lamarck, 1816
Species of this very polymorphic genus have similar ranges of variation between western

and eastern Australia.

Pocillopora damicornis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Veron and Pichon (1976): 45-48, figs. 52-68.

Very common throughout the distribution range and occurs over a wide range of
environments from reef flats to deep water. Colonies from tropical localities are indis-
tinguishable from Great Barrier Reef localities with similar environments. Reef flat
colonies (Veron 1986b p. 73 fig. 5 at Ashmore Reef) are stunted, compact, and tolerant
of long periods of emersion. Colonies from turbid water become very finely branched,
superficially resembling Seriatopora caliendrum.

Large monospecific stands occur at Rottnest I. where colonies are hemispherical in
shape with thick, tightly compacted branches. These closely resemble colonies at Sylph’s
Hole, Lord Howe Island.

Records: Ashmore Reef 700-86 (reef flat, 0m)
Cassini I. 503-84, 22-78
Cockatoo I. 525-85
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago 199-73, 527-85, 1-72, 201-73, 101-73, 181-73, 95-73, 100-73, 202-73,
94-73, 92-73, 91-73, 200-73, 84-74 (reef flat, reef edge, outer slope, 0-8m)

35

Barrow I. 240-74 (back reef)

Montebello Is. 394-80 (3-4m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 64-81, 170-77, 171-77, 169-77 (reef flat, lagoon)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 357-78 (lagoon)

Bernier I. 127-81, 128-81 (0-2m)

Dorre I. 122-81 (0-4m)

Dirk Hartog I. 28-59, 18-59, 557-79, 554-79 (0-2m)

North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 510-84, 520-85, 167-83, 528-85, 530-85 (outer slope)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 133-78, 521-85, 522-85, 523-85, 132-78, 531-85,
529-85 (reef flat; lagoon, 19m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 57-73, 21-73, 36-73 (reef flat; 0-3m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 59-72

Port Gregory 115-58

Port Denison 524-85

Sandy Cape, 116-58 (reef flat)

Green Head 428-81, 116-58 (pool, 2-3m)

Jurien Bay V

Lancelin 22-88 (1-3m)

Rottnest I. 114-58, 78-85 (intertidal; 0-3m)

Marmion, 58-85, 526-85 (1-2m)

Garden I. 696-81.

Pocillopora verrucosa (Ellis & Solander, 1786)
Veron and Pichon (1976): 48-52, figs. 69-79.

Common in tropical localities where colonies are indistinguishable from those of Great
Barrier Reef localities with similar environments. Reef flat colonies (Veron 1986b, p. 74
fig. 2) are stunted, compact. Coralla have a purple-brown pigment in proximal branch
skeleton.

Records: Ashmore Reef 809-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef 81-78 (24m)
Rowley Shoals 232-83, 382-83, 224-83 (lagoon 1-8m, outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 3-72, 2-72, 96-73, 93-73, 99-73, 203-73, 98-73, 355-78, 556-85 (reef
flat, intertidal pool, reef edge; outer slope, 5-6m)
Montebello Is. 396-80 (3-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 2-81, 208-8] (reef flat; outer slope, 6m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 70-72, 24-78 (1-2m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 529-79 (3-4m)
Dirk Hartog I. 572-79, 571-79, 573-79, 556-79 (1-3m)
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 533-85.

Pocillopora meandrina Dana, 1846
Veron and Pichon (1982): 133-134, figs. 274-278.

Uncommon. Occurs on upper and lower reef slopes where colonies are indistinguish-
able from Great Barrier reef localities with similar environments. Difficult to distinguish
from P. verrucosa except where both species occur together.
Records: Ashmore Reef V

Dampier Archipelago V

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 175-77 (reef flat)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 25-78

North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 532-85 (outer slope)

36

Pocillopora woodjonesi Vaughan, 1918

Veron and Pichon (1976): 56-58, figs. 86-90.

Uncommon. Occurs on upper reef slopes (Veron 1986b p. 77, fig. 2 at Dampier
Archipelago). Difficult to distinguish from P. eydowxi except where both species occur
together.

Records: Cartier Reef 798-86 (outer slope, 8-22m)
Scott Reef V
Dampier Archipelago 200-84
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 914-85, 884-85 (reef edge; outer slope, 8-20m)

Pocillopora eydouxi Edwards & Haime, 1860

Veron and Pichon (1976): 52-56, figs. 80-85.

Common in tropical localities, especially on upper reef slopes. A dominant species in
some restricted shallow-water biotopes (Veron 1986b, p. 79, fig. 1 at the Dampier
Archipelago) where colonies are hemi- spherical with compact branches. Uniform cream
or brown in colour, sometimes with paler growing margins.

Records: Ashmore Reef 710-86 (outer slope, 6-14m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 194-83, 475-83 (lagoon 1-8m; outer slope)
Dampier Archipelago 365-84, 162-74, 93-73, 97-73, 102-73, 85-74 (reef edge, outer slope)
Montebello Is. 393-80 (3-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 176-77, 444-81 (reef flat; lagoon 2-5m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 426-78, 425-78 (5m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 528-79 (3-4m)

GENUS SERIATOPORA Lamarck, 1816
There are only minor intraspecific differences between western and eastern Australia as
noted below.

Seriatopora hystrix Dana, 1846

Veron and Pichon (1976): 58-63, figs. 91-117.

Common in tropical localities, especially on reef flats (Veron, 1986b, p. 81, fig. 3 at
Scott Reef) and upper slopes. Similar to Great Barrier Reef localities with similar
environments except that intertidal reef flat colonies become unusually stunted, with
short pointed branches. Gall crabs (Hapalocarcinus marsupialis) occur in colonies
throughout the species’ range. Colours are usually pink or cream.

Records: Ashmore Reef 513-86 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Cassini I. 7-78, 573-85
Cockatoo I. 535-85
Troughton I. 534-85
Seringapatam Reef 367-79 (back reef)
Scott Reef V (lagoon; reef slope)
Rowley Shoals V
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 443-81, 465-81, 174-77, 173-77, 4-81 (lagoon 2-9m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 829-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

37

Seriatopora caliendrum Ehrenberg, 1834

Veron and Pichon (1976): 63-65, figs. 118-130.

Sometimes common in tropical localities, especially at the Ningaloo_ Reefs in passes
between outer reefs. Colonies are usually <500mm diam. and are cream in colour,

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Koolan I. 536-85, 493-86
Ningaloo Reef Tract V

GENUS STYLOPHORA Schweigger, 1819

Stylophora pistillata (Esper, 1797)

Veron and Pichon (1976): 66-70, figs. 133-150.

Common in most tropical localities from reef flats to lower slopes. Colonies occurring
on lower slope and in lagoons are often very finely branched (Veron 1986b, p. 85, fig. 5
at Scott Reef), more so than usually seen in eastern Australia except the high latitude
Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs. Colonies are usually cream or pink.

Records: Ashmore Reef 498-86, 581-86, 666-86, 708-86 (lagoon, 0-18m)

Scott Reef V

Rowley shoals V

Troughton I. 539-85, 541-85

Dampier Archipelago 409-78, 410-78, 537-85, 380-78, 86-74 (outer slope, 4-5m)

Montebello Is. 398-80 (3-4m)

Passage I. 380-80 (0-1m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 178-77, 190-81, 179-77, 177-77, 180-77, 76-81 (reef flat; lagoon;
outer slope, 12-15m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 557-78, 538-85, 68-72 (reef flat; lagoon)

Dorre I. 124-81 (2-4m)

Dirk Hartog I. 566-79, 27-59 (0-4m)

South Passage, Shark Bay 553-79 (2m)

GENUS PALAUASTREA Yabe & Sugiyama, 1941

Palauastrea ramosa Yabe & Sugiyama, 1941

Veron and Pichon (1976): 71-75, figs. 151-157.

Known only from a single locality at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. where it is abundant
on a soft substrate at 35m depth.

Records: Houtman Abrolhos Is. 441-85 (inter-reef, 35m)

FAMILY ACROPORIDAE Verrill, 1902

GENUS MONTIPORA de Blainville, 1830

Most species from NW Shelf reefs are indistinguishable from those of the Great Barrier
Reef. Coralla from coastal and southern localities usually exhibit varying degrees of
geographic variation. In some cases, especially some species from the Houtman Abrol-
hos Islands (eg. M. mollis, M. turtlensis, M. spongodes, M. angulata and M. informs),
the degree of variation makes identification doubtful and suggests the presence of
geographic subspecies.

38

Montipora monasteriata (Forskal, 1775)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 14-18, figs. 3-12, 1101, 1102.

Cryptic, encrusting, common on NW Shelf reefs where it occurs on reef flats to lower
slopes. Often brightly coloured in shallow water, pale cream, pink or brown in deeper
water.
Records: Ashmore Reef 904-86 (lagoon, 0-6m)
Scott Reef 723-85, 737-85 (reef slope)
Rowley Shoals 364-83, 780-85, 253-83, 205-83, 204-83, 271-83, 299-83 (reef flat; lagoon,
1-8m and outer slope, 15-35m)
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 806-85, 813-85
Bernier I. 130-81 (0-2m)
Montipora tuberculosa (Lamarck, 1816)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 19-21, figs. 13-21, 1103-1105.
Usually cryptic and encrusting but may form explanate plates.
Records: Scott Reef 722-85, 726-85, 746-85 (lagoon, 5-8m; reef slope)
Dampier Archipelago 138-74, 142-74 (reef flat; outer slope)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 15-81, 364-77 (reef flat; outer slope, 5m)
Shark Bay 383-79 (25m)

Montipora hoffmeisteri Wells, 1954
Veron and Wallace (1984): 23, figs. 22-28, 1106, 1107, 1129.
Cryptic, encrusting, may be very common. Colonies are usually pale brown, but may
have a wider colour range.
Records: Ashmore Reef 546-86, 607-86, 821-86, 835-86, 836-86, 842-86, 894-86 (lagoons, outer
slopes, 3-20m)
Scott Reef 733-85, 741-85 (reef slope, 10-12m)
Rowley Shoals 316-83, 440-83, 220-83, 295-83, 433-83 (lagoon, 1-8m, outer slope, 10-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 479-78 (3-4m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 858-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 43-87, 44-87

Montipora floweri Wells, 1954

Veron and Wallace (1984): 24-25, figs. 29-34, 1108.

Cryptic, uncommon. Colonies are usually dark coloured, sometimes with pale calices
(Veron 1986b, p. 100 from Scott Reef).

Records: Ashmore Reef 485-86, 845-86, 850-86, 854-86, 863-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef 767-85, 751-85 (reef slope)
Rowley Shoals 312-83, 307-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 806-85, 813-85 (lagoon. 5-12m)
Montipora millepora Crossland, 1952
Veron and Wallace (1984): 25-28, figs. 35-42, 1109.
Cryptic, uncommon. Colonies have a wide range of colours (Veron 1986b, p. 99 from
Scott Reef).
Previous records from Western Australia; Holothuria Bank (as M. pallida) Bernard 1897
Records: Ashmore Reef 732-86, 797-86, 838-86, 891-86 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Kimberley coast
Rowley Shoals 456-83, 750-85 (outer slope, 10-30m)
Dampier Archipelago 331-84
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 36-81 (lagoon, 3m)

39

Moniipora mollis Bernard, 1897
Veron and Wallace (1984): 28-32, figs. 46-58.

The most common and widespread Montipora of Western Australia. Occurs on reef flats
and lower reef slopes and is especially common at high latitude coastal localities.
Colonies are encrusting and form irregular clumps, columns, whorls and plates. They
are usually a uniform brown colour but occasionally bright blue or pink.

Previous records from Western Australia: Lacepede Is. (as M. spumosa) Bernard (1897):
Houtman Abrolhos (as M. multiformis, BMNH 95.10.9.52 and 57 (types)) Bernard
(1897); King Sound (as m. multiformis, BMNH 95.10.9.77-78) Bernard (1897)

Records: Ashmore Reef 759-86, 864-86 (lagoon, 1-5m)

Kimberley coast

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals V

Dampier Archipelago 772-85, 484-78, 744-85, 535-80, 328-84, 140-74, 14-72, 337-84,
334-84, 144-74 (reef flat; lagoon, 2-3m)

Passage Is. 486-80, 476-80 (2-5m)

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 357-77, 359-77, 355-77 (reef flat)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 73-72, 852-85, 811-85, 853-85, 807-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

Bernier I.

Dorre I. 119-81,

North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 874-81, 884-81 (3m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 331-78, 875-81, 203-74, 849-81, 183-74, 187-74,
380-77, 881-81, 879-81, 255-78, 335-78, 328-78, 36-87 (reef flat; lagooon, 1-12m and reef
slope, 18-21m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 38-73, 381-77, 74-73, 58-73, 10-73, 384-77, 29-73,
11-73, 35-73 (reef edge; lagoon, 3-9m and reef front, 3-5m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 885-81, 322-77, 34-78 (4-5m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 452-84, 465-84, 451-84, 450-84, 458-84, 467-84, 459-84, 468-84,
447-84, 466-84, 462-84, 469-84

Port Gregory 142-58, 143-58, 492-84, 496-84, 495-84, 589-84, 493-84, 718-84 (inner edge of
reef)

Port Denison 488-84

Jurien Bay 69-85, 68-85, 67-85, 70-85 (lagoon)

Lancelin 162-81, 163-81

Rottnest I. 125-58, 873-81, 7-84, 79-85, 87-85, 174-74, 960-85 (lagoon, 1-2m and reef front,
2-5m)

Perth 54-72, 62-85 (1-2m)

Fremantle 131-73 (2m)

Garden I. 703-81 (21m)

Geographe Bay 872-81 (20m)

Montipora turtlensis Veron & Wallace, 1984
Veron and Wallace (1984): 32-37, figs. 59-71.
Sometimes common in turbid waters. Colonies are flat plates with nodular upward
growths at their centres. Usually brown, green or purple with cream tips to nodules.
Records: Rowley Shoals 290-83, 376-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)

Dampier Archipelago 127-73 (reef flat)

Montebello Is. 48-80, 484-80 (lagoon, 2-4m)

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 589-81 (2-4m)

40

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 12-81, 70-81 (back reef)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 859-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 333-78, 332-78, 218-74 (2-9m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 735-85

Montipora peltiformis Bernard, 1897
Veron and Wallace (1984): 37-39, figs. 72-81

Uncommon. Occurs on shallow reef slopes.

Records: Ashmore Reef 528-86 (reef flat, 0m)
Cassini I. 18-78
Rowley Shoals 394-83 (lagoon, 9-18m)
Dampier Archipelago 37-72 (intertidal pool)
Barrow I. 244-74 (back reef)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 16-81, 361-77 (reef flat; lagoon, 3m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 594-78 (reef flat)
Dorre I. 851-81, 120-81 (0-4m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 522-79 (8m)
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 797-81 (reef edge)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 798-81, 888-81 (1-2m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 37-73 (3m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 779-81 (1-2m)
Port Gregory 752-85

Montipora calcarea Bernard, 1897
Nothing is known of the variability of this species. Specimen 327-84 is close to the
holotype, from Tonga.

Records: Dampier Archipelago 327-84
Ningaloo Reef Tract V

Montipora turgescens Bernard, 1897

Veron and Wallace (1984): 39-42, figs. 82-93, 1109

Common over a wide range of habitats, especially in turbid water. Colonies are usually
massive, flat or columnar.

Previous records from Western Australia: N.W. Australia (BMNH 92.1.16.44) Bernard
(1897)

Records: Scott Reef 764-85, 756-85 (lagoon, 5-18m)

Rowley Shoals 209-83, 782-85, 214-83, 454-83, 785-85 (lagoon, 1-8m)

Dampier Archipelago 76-74, 13-72 (intertidal pool; outer slope)

Montebello Is.

Passage Is. 850-81

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 36-78, 351-77, 358-77, 353-77 (reef flat)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 852-85

Bernier I. 824-81 (0-2m)

Dorre I. 852-81 (0-4m)

South Passage, Shark Bay 526-79, 527-79 (3-5m)

Dirk Hartog I. 19-59 (0-1m)

Port Gregory 497-84

North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 870-81, 877-81, 878-81, 911-81 (3m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 196-74, 736-81, 871-81, 880-81, 882-81, 883-81,
890-81, 903-81, 35-87 (1-2m)

4]

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 26-73, 34-73, 45-73, 387-77 (reef flat, reef front,
1-2m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 886-81, 887-81 (reef flat)

Montipora capricornis Veron, 1985
Veron (1985): 149-150, fig. 2.
Montipora sp. 2. Veron and Wallace (1984): 42-43, fig. 94-94, 1110.

Common only in lagoons and on reef slopes of the Houtman Abrolhos Is. where well-
developed colonies form tiers and whorls.

Records: Middle Ningaloo Reefs 861-85 (lagoon 5-12m)
Dorre I.
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 45-87
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 906-81, 765-85, 729-85

Montipora spongodes Bernard, 1897
Veron and Wallace (1984): 44-47, figs. 100-108, 1111, 1112.

Usually uncommon. Colonies have encrusting or plate-like bases with upward-project-
ing ridges and columns (Veron 1986b, p. 103, fig. 1).

Records: Ashmore Reef 553-86 (reef flat, 0m)
Kimberley Coast 242-87
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)
Bernier I. 126-81 (intertidal)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos (Is.) 40-87
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 382-77, 9-73, 39-87, 42-87 (lagoon, 9m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 396-84, 742-85
Port Gregory 491-84, 489-84 (inner edge of reef)
Port Denison 768-85

Montipora spumosa (Lamarck, 1816)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 47-51, figs. 109-119, 1113

Common in tropical areas, especially off-shore reefs. Forms columns, especially in
turbid water, with a wide range of colours.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 372-83, 728-85, 425-83 (lagoon, 1-18m and outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago V
Montebello Is. 477-80 (lagoon 2-3m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 34-81 (outer slope, 12-15m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 900-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 595-78 (back reef)
Dorre I. 123-81 (0-4m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 777-81 (1-2m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 793-81 (back reef)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 457-84, 749-85

Montipora undata Bernard, 1897
Veron and Wallace (1984): 51-54, figs. 120-128, 1114.
Common on reef slopes of tropical coastal reefs.

Records: Ashmore Reef 499-86, 483-86, 630-86, 741-86, 931-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef 770-85, 747-85 (12-15m)
Rowley Shoals 304-83, 310-83, 442-83, 381-83 (outer slope, 10-35m)

42

Dampier Archipelago 732-85, 480-78, 339-84, 338-84, 340-84 233-73, 477-78, 75-74 (outer
slope, 5-6m)

Montebello Is. 478-80 (3-4m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 360-77 (reef flat)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 894-85 (lagoon 5-12m)

Montipora danae (Edwards & Haime, 1851)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 54-58, figs. 129-144, 1115-1118.

| Common on upper reef slopes and lagoons. Forms large whorls in NW Shelf reefs.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef 734-85, 730-85, 725-85 (lagoon, 5-18m and reef slope)
Rowley Shoals 306-83, 272-83, 379-83, 375-83, 411-83 (lagoon 1-18m and outer slope,
16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 341-84, 478-78
Ningaloo Reef Tract
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 54-88
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 137-88
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 736-85

Montipora verrucosa (Lamarck, 1816)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 59-62, figs. 145-153, 1119.

Sometimes common on upper reef slopes and in lagoons.

Records: Ashmore Reef 622-86, 683-86 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 250-83 (lagoon, 6m)
Dampier Archipelago 499-80
Passage Is. 485-80 (2-5m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 556-81 (lagoon, 2-5m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 486-78, 814-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

Montipora incrassata (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 62-65, figs. 154-162, 1120, 1121.

Uncommon.

Records: Scott Reef 769-85, 727-85 (reef slope)
Dampier Archipelago 759-85, 336-84
Montebello Is. 482-80 (3-4m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 46-87
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 869-81 (back reef)

Montipora foveolata (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 66-68, figs. 163-169, 1122, 1123.

Restricted to tropical areas. Uncommon.

Records: Ashmore Reef
Scott Reef 754-85 (lagoon, 5-8m)
Rowley Shoals 303-83, 252-83 (lagoon, 6m and outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 126-73, 74-74, 143-74, (reef flat and outer slope)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 815-85, 861-85
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 489-78 (reef flat)
South Passage, Shark Bay 523-79 (8m)

43

Montipora venosa (Ehrenberg, 1834)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 70-71, figs. 170-177, 1124.

Rare.

Records: Ashmore Reef 768-86 (outer slope, 6-14m)
Kimberley Coast 163-87
Scott Reef 758-85, 724-85 (reef flat; reef slope)
Montebello Is.
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 35-78, 13-81 (reef flat; outer slope, 6m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 488-78, 815-85 (lagoon 5-12m; edge of passage)

Montipora caliculata (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984), p. 72, figs. 178-184.

This species appears to be rare in Western Australia.

Records: Ashmore Reef 755-86, 868-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 30-87, 32-87, 33-87
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 31-87

Montipora angulata (Lamarck, 1816)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 75-77, figs. 185-193.

Uncommon.

Records: Scott Reef 743-85 (reef flat)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 71-81, 737-81, 14-81, 29-81, 354-77 (reef flat; back reef; lagoon)
Dorre I. 121-81 (0-4m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 327-78, 25-87, 41-87 (12m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 58-72

Montipora digitata (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 77-82, figs. 194-206, 1125.

Common only in shallow-water coastal localities (Veron 1986b, p. 112, fig. 1, from
Dampier Archipelago).

Records: Ashmore Reef 565-86 (outer slope, 6-14m)
Cartier Reef
Scott Reef 760-85 (outer slope)
Lacepede Is. 463-83
Dampier Archipelago 485-78 (1m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 356-77, 726-81 (reef flat)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 74-72 (reef flat)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 325-78, 780-81 (lagoon, 1-12m)

Montipora hispida (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 82-87, figs. 207-223, 1126.

Less common on the west coast than on the Great Barrier Reef. Columnar colonies are
found mostly in lagoons.

Records: Ashmore Reef 644-86, 837-86 (lagoon, outer slope, 10-30m)
Scott Reef 761-85, 726-85 (outer slope, 10-30m)
Dampier Archipelago 239-73, 771-85, 329-84, 332-84, 139-74, 333-84, (outer slope, 0-8m)
Montebello Is. 479-80, 475-80 (lagoon, 1-3m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 72-81 (lagoon)
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 487-78 (lagoon, 2-3m)
_Dorre I. 117-81
South Passage, Shark Bay 551-79, 525-79 (2-5m)

44

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 326-78, 208-78, 910-81 (reef flat; lagoon, 2-4m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 28-87
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 741-81 (back reef)

Montipora australiensis Bernard, 1897

Veron and Wallace (1984): 88, figs. 224-232.

This species was not found on the west coast during the present study although the
Houtman Abrolhos Is. is the type locality.

Previous records from Western Australia: Houtman Abrolhos (BMNH 95.10.9.58 (holo-
type) and BMNH 95.10.9.45, .53, .54 and .58) all coll. Saville-Kent (Bernard 1897).

Montipora efflorescens Bernard, 1897
Veron and Wallace (1984): 91-93, figs. 233-241, 1127.

Common on upper reef slopes, usually brightly coloured.

Records: Ashmore Reef 770-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef 757-85 (reef slope, 12-15m)
Rowley Shoals 207-83, 292-83, 408-83 (lagoon, 8-18m and outer slope, 16-35m)
Cockatoo I. 823-81
Dampier Archipelago 343-84, 344-84, 483-78, 342-84, 141-74 (reef flat; 2-3m)
Barrow I. 243-74 (back reef)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 898-85, 812-85, 931-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 735-81, 771-81, (3m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 134-78 (24-27m)

Montipora nodosa (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 94-97, figs. 242-252, 1128.

An uncommon and ill-defined species on the West Australian coast.

Records: Scott Reef V
Montebello Is.
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 739-85

Montipora grisea Bernard, 1897
Veron and Wallace (1984): 98-99, figs. 253-261, 1129.

Common only in tropical localities.

Records: Ashmore Reef 731-86, 760-86, 805-86, 822-86, 825-86, 856-86, 841-86, 943-86
Scott Reef 731-85, 745-85 (reef slope)
Rowley Shoals 325-83, 333-83, 311-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 234-73, 753-85 (reef edge)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 352-77 (reef flat)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 952-85, 873-85, 898-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Port Gregory 590-84
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 24-87
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 23-87

Montipora stellata Bernard, 1897
Veron and Wallace (1984): 100-103, figs. 262-271, 1130, 1131

Records: Montebello Is.
Exmouth Gulf 589-81
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 21-87, 22-87, 48-87

45

Montipora informis Bernard, 1897
Veron and Wallace (1984): 106-109, figs. 281-287, 1132, 1133.

Common only in tropical localities.

Records: Ashmore Reef 780-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef 721-85 (reef slope)
Rowley Shoals 397-83, 266-83, 298-83 (lagoon, 1-18m and outer slope, 16-35m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 11-81 (outer slope, 12-15m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 931-85 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 329-78, 27-87 (9m)

Montipora aequituberculata Bernard, 1897
Veron and Wallace (1984): 114-118, figs. 300-311, 1136-1138

Very common throughout range, especially on protected lower reef slopes and in
lagoons.

Records: Ashmore Reef 695-86, 790-86 (lagoon, 0-18m)

Scott Reef 740-85, 766-85 (lagoon, 6-18m)

Rowley Shoals 486-84 (lagoon, 8-18m)

Dampier Archipelago 482-78, 335-84, 330-84, 326-84 (lagoon, 3-4m)

Montebello Is. 481-80 (lagoon, 1-3m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 365-77, 366-77 (reef flat)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 899-85, 897-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

Bernier I. 129-81 (1-3m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 796-81, 889-81, 795-81, 385-77, 334-78, 136-78,
135-78, 38-87 (lagoon, 1-12m and passage, 20m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 50-73, 60-73, 53-73, 386-77, 127-88 (reef slope,
1-4m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 778-81, 908-81 (back reef; lagoon, 2-4m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 448-84, 454-84, 449-84, 755-85, 453-84, 456-84, 455-84, 464-84,
461-84, 463-84, 460-84

Port Gregory 494-84 (lagoon)

Montipora crassituberculata Bernard, 1897
Veron and Wallace (1984): 119, figs. 312-318.

Less common on the west coast than on the Great Barrier Reef.

Previous records from Western Australia: Houtman Abrolhos (type, coll. Say. 'e-Kent)
holotype BMNH 95.10.9.186 Bernard (1897)

Records: Dampier Archipelago 15-72
Montebello Is.
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 1-81
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 794-81 (lagoon, 3m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 209-74, 324-78, 786-85, 46-87 (1-4m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 383-77, 48-73, 61-73 (lagoon, 3-9m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 799-85 (lagoon, 2-4m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 773-85, 460-84.

Montipora foliosa (Pallas, 1766)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 110-114, figs. 290-299, 1134, 1135

Uncommon at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. but common in most tropical localities.
Previous records from Western Australia: Houtman Abrolhos (as M. circinata) Bernard
(1897); Saville-Kent (1897).

46

Records: Ashmore Reef 744-86, 788-86
Scott Reef V
Bovis eee 369-83, 300-83, 282-83, 281-83, 289-83, 318-83, 378-83, (outer slope,
-35m
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 59-81, 362-77 (back reef; lagoon 3m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 897-87
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 738-85
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 17-87

Montipora sp. |

A single distinctive specimen only is attributed to this species. Its taxonomic status is
doubtful.

Records: Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 26-87.

Montipora sp. 2
This appears to be a valid species not previously recorded from Australia.

Records: Middle Ningaloo Reefs 859-87
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 29-87.

Montipora sp. 3
The taxonomic position of the single specimen attributed to this species is doubtful.

Records: Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 906-81 (1m)

GENUS ANACROPORA (Ridley, 1884)

Anacropora puertogalerae Nemenzo, 1964

Veron and Wallace (1984): 125-128, figs. 330-336, 1141.

Very common at Scott Reef (Veron 1986b, p. 124, fig. 2) but unknown elsewhere on the
west coast.

Records: Scott Reef 776-85, 777-85 (reef slope)

GENUS ACROPCRA (Oken, 1815)

As with most Montipora species, there is a greater degree of intra-specific similarity
between coralla of the NW Shelf and the Great Barrier Reef than there is between those
of the NW Shelf and coastal and temperate western localities. There are also major
differences in the relative abundance of species between these regions. Of the 15 groups
of Acropora defined by Veron and Wallace (1984), the A. palifera group is largely
restricted to NW Shelf reefs where colonies are similar in abundance and appearance to
those of the Great Barrier Reef. Three common members of the A. humilis group (A.
humilis, A. gemmifera and A. monticulosa) are similarly restricted or absent.

There are major differences in relative abundance between the west and east coast in
some species: A. samoensis, A. cytherea, A. aculeus, A. divaricata, A. clathrata and A.
sarmentosa are all common on most reefs of the Great Barrier Reef, but usually
uncommon at western coastal localities. The reverse applies to A. willisae, which is
much less common on the Great Barrier Reef. Acropora abrolhosensis, A. spicifera and
A. stoddarti have not been recorded from the east coast.

Several Acropora species have distinct variants in specific geographic regions and may
be sibling species or geographic subspecies. ‘The most notable of these are A. grandis

47

from temperate localities which has distinct morphological characters and colours and
A. florida from all western localities which is similarily distinguished from all east coast
localities.
There are also morphological, colour and behavioural differences between colonies from
temperate localities and their tropical counterparts. Several species of Acropora at the
Houtman Abrolhos Islands extend their polyps during the day, whereas this is almost
never seen in tropical localities. Similarily, many Acropora species at the Houtman
Abrolhos Islands (except those growing on reef flats exposed to wave action) are
relatively lightly calcified. Coralla of all species from coastal temperate localities are
substantially morphologically different from coralla of the same species (or in some
cases, supposedly the same species) from either the Houtman Abrolhos Islands or from
tropical localities. This may be attributable to environmental conditions at the extreme
limit of their distribution ranges.
Acropora palifera (Lamarck, 1816)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 153-158, figs. 354-364, 1143-1146, 1149,
The most common of all corals on the east coast but known only from the NW Shelf
reefs of the west coast where it is abundant, especially on upper reef slopes exposed to
strong wave action. The range of growth forms on both coasts is similar.
Records: Ashmore Reef 659-86 (reef flat, 0m)

Scott Reef V (reef slope)

Rowley Shoals 370-83, 296-83, 323-83, 336-83, 471-83 (reef flat; outer slope)

Dampier Archipelago V

Acropora brueggemanni (Brook, 1893)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 162-164, figs. 374-385, 1148-1149.
Like A. palifera, this species is found only on NW Shelf reefs of the west coast where it
has the same range of growth forms as on the Great Barrier Reef.
Records: Ashmore Reef 592-86
Scott Reef 604-85, 605-85, 606-85 (outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 383-83, 285-83, 193-83 (lagoon, 8m and outer slope, 16-35m)
Cockatoo I. 607-85

Acropora humilis (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 166-170, figs. 386-394, 1150, 1151, 1154.
Common on NW shelf reefs but has only been recorded at the Dampier Archipelago on
the coast where it is uncommon.
Records: Ashmore Reef 684-86 (lagoon, 0-18m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 360-83 (reef flat)
Dampier Archipelago 78-73 (reef edge)

Acropora gemmifera (Brook, 1892)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 170-174, figs. 395-403, 1151-1154, 1160.
Common on NW Shelf reefs but on the coast has only been recorded at the Dampier
Achipelago, where it is uncommon.
Records: Ashmore Reef 650-86, 722-86 (outer slope, 12-20m)
Cartier Reef 777-86 (reef flat, 0m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 347-83, 343-83 (outer slope, 15-30m)
Dampier Archipelago

48

Acropora monticulosa (Briiggemann, 1879)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 174-176, figs. 404-411, 1155, 1156.

Recorded only from the NW Shelf reefs where it is uncommon.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V

Acropora samoensis (Brook, 1891)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 178-180, figs. 414-420, 1157, 1158

Uncommon at all recorded localities.

Records: Ashmore Reef 531-86, 662-86 (lagoon, 0-18m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 586-81 (2-4m)

Acropora digitifera (Dana, 1846)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 180-183, figs. 421-428, 1159, 1160.

Common on exposed reef flats of tropical localities where colonies have the same range
of growth forms as on the Great Barrier Reef. Only corymbose colonies have been
recorded from the Houtman Abrolhos Is.

Records: Ashmore Reef 694-86, 829-86 (reef flat and outer slope)
Institut I.
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago 355-84, 72-74, 84-73, 176-73 (reef flat; outer slope)
Barrow I. 237-74, 241-74 (lagoon, 0-1m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 474-78 (reef flat)
Dorre I. 747-81 (0-4m)
Dirk Hartog I. 29-59, 585-79 (1-2m)
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 797-85, 905-81, (outer slope)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V
Port Gregory 135-58

Acropora verweyi Veron & Wallace, 1984

Veron and Wallace (1984): 191-194, figs. 446 (holotype), 447, 454, 1164, 1165.

Uncommon at coastal localities but common at most NW Shelf reefs. Colonies at the
Houtman Abrolhos Is. have longer branches than usual for tropical localities.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Dampier Archipelago 354-84, 664-85, 972-79, 739-81, 318-84 (intertidal; 0-6m)
Passage Is. 742-81
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 437-81 (2-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 540-81 (lagoon, 1-5m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 809-85, 810-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Dirk Hartog I. 26-59 (0-1m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 581-79, 579-79 (3-10m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 663-85, 440-84

49

Acropora lovelli Veron & Wallace, 1984 2
Veron and Wallace (1984): 194-198, figs. 455, 456 (holotype), 457-464, 1166-1168.

Rare at tropical localities where most identifications are tentative only.

Records: Dampier Archipelago 355-84
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 170-78, 182-74, 321-78 (outer slope 1-6m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 24-73 (reef flat)

Acropora glauca (Brook, 1893)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 198-201, figs. 465-472

Rare at tropical localities but common at the Houtrnan Abrolhos Is. where colonies
tend to form explanate plates up to 1.5m diameter.

Previous record from Western Australia: West Australia (BMNH_ 86.2.26.7, holotype)
Brook (1893).

Records: Ashmore Reef 502-86, 771-86, 942-86 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Rowley Shoals 324-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 324-84 (outer slope, 4-9m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 393-84, 439-84
Port Gregory 987-85
Geraldton V

Acropora robusta (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 201-207, figs. 473-485, 1171-1173.
Common at NW Shelf reefs where colonies have the same range of variation as on the
Great Barrier Reef.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 359-83 (reef flat)
Dampier Archipelago 114-73, 193-73, 86-73, 169-73, 19-76, 165-74 (reef edge; outer slope,
2-8m)
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 441-81 (2-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 48-81, 38-81 (back reef)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 76-72
Dorre I. 147-81 (0-4m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 567-79 (3-5m)
Dirk Hartog I. 568-79, 89-81 (0-3m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 788-85, 643-85 (lagoon, 1-4m)

Acropora danai (K:dwards & Haime, 1860)

Veron & Wallace (1984): 207-211, figs. 486-496, 1174-1176.

Found only at tropical localities where colonies have the same range of variation as
found on the Great Barrier Reef.

Records: Ashmore Reef 490-86, 523-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago 640-85, 345-84, 321-84, 738-81, 186-73, 65-74, 227-74, 192-73 (outer
slope)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 40-81, 482-81, 39-81, 242-77, 241-77, 547-81 (reef flat; back reef)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 476-78, 251-77 (reef flat)

50

Acropora nobilis (Dana, 1846)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 214-219, figs. 504-516, 1178-1181

Common, especially at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. (Veron 1986b, p. 150, fig. 4) where
colonies form monospecific stands >10m across. These are a range of pale colours or
deep blue.

Records: Ashmore Reef 646-86 (reef flat, 1-4m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 356-83, 373-79 (reef flat)
Dampier Archipelago 641-85, 76-73, 188-73 (reef edge; outer slope)
Montebello Is. 97-81 (3-4m)
Barrow I.
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 728-81, 50-78, 244-77 (reef flat; back reef)
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 471-78 (back reef)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 690-85, 320-78, 696-85 (1-6m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 66-73 (reef slope, 6m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 689-85, 695-85, 697-85 (1-2m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 642-85, 441-84.

Acropora polystoma (Brook, 1891)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 219-220, figs. 517-523.

Recorded from a research collection, not observed or collected from Western Australia by
the authors.

Records: Dampier Archipelago (EPA)

Acropora listeri (Brook, 1893)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 223, figs. 528-534

Recorded from a research collection, not observed or collected from Western Australia by
the authors.

Records: Dampier Archipelago (EPA)

Acropora grandis (Brook, 1892)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 226-230, figs, 537-547, 1185, 1186

Colonies tentatively attributed to this species are very common on reef flats and upper
reef slopes of the Houtman Abrolhos Is. where most are a uniform pale brown or bright
blue. These do not form the large, thick-branched colonies that are common in similar
environments on the Great Barrier Reef. Coralla from both coasts have similar, lightly
calcified corallites.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 319-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 349-84, 687-85, 781-85, 794-85
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 532-81 (1-2m)
Port Gregory 149-58
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 90-88
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 435-84

51

Acropora formosa (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 230-234, figs. 548-560, 1187-1189.

Common at all localities, but particularly the Houtman Abrolhos Is. (Veron 1986b, p.
154, fig. 2) where monospecific stands > 10m frequently occur in shallow lagoons and
on upper reef slopes.

Records: Ashmore Reef 520-86, 721-86 (outer slopes, 10-20m)

Wilson Point 244-87 (2-3m)

Troughton I. 718-85

Cassisi I. 700-85

Scott Reef 787-85 (lagoon)

Rowley Shoals V

Dampier Archipelago 792-85, 350-84, 698-85, 89-73, 142-73, 166-74, 77-73 (reef edge; outer
slope, 5-6m)

Montebello Is.

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 544-81 (reef flat)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 727-81

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 75-72 (reef flat)

Southern Ningaloo Reefs 473-78 (back reef)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 213-74, 701-85, 778-85, 706-85 (reef flat; lagoon,
2m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 705-85, 708-85 (reef flat; lagoon, 2-3m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 683-85, 414-84, 699-85.

Acropora abrolhosensis Veron, 1985

Veron (1985): 151-153, figs. 3, 4.

Uncommon at all localities except for the Houtman Abrolhos Is. (Veron 1986b, p. 155,
figs. 1,2) where monospecific stands >10m frequently occur in shallow lagoons and on
upper reef slopes. Coralla from all localities have similar skeletal structures. Polyps are
usually extended day and night at all localities.

Records: Ashmore Reef 582-86 (reef flat, 1-4m)
Scott Reef 710-85 (outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 240-83, 450-83 (lagoon, 6m)
Dampier Archipelago 709-85, 18-76, 789-85 (reef flat)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 881-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 91-88
Faster Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 160-84 (holotype), 117-88 (reef slope, 3m)

Acropora acuminata (Verrill, 1864)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 235-238, figs. 561-569, 1190, 1191

Uncommon.

Records: Ashmore Reef 476-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 471-84

Acropora valenciennesi (Edwards & Haime, 1860)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 238-241, figs. 570-578, 1192-1194.

Common only at tropical localities where colonies are indistinguishable from those
from the Great Barrier Reef. Coralla from the Houtman Abrolhos Is. are more arbore-
scent and are only tentatively attributed to this species.

52

Records: Ashmore Reef 561-86 (reef flat, 0m)

Scott Reef 630-85 (outer slope)

Dampier Archipelago

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 535-81 (2-4m)

Ningaloo Reef Tract

bir rao (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 426-77, 691-85, 692-85, 693-85, 694-85, (lagoon,

-4Um

Acropora microphthalma (Verrill, 1869)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 242-246, figs. 579-590, 1195, 1196.
Probably uncommon throughout most of the recorded range. Colonies from NW Shelf
reefs are mostly indistinguishable from those from the Great Barrier Reef but several
coralla are referred to this species with doubt. The corallum from the Houtman
Abrolhos Is. and some from northern coastal localities may represent a separate species
or geographic subspecies. Colonies from all localities are usually pale grey in colour.

Records: Ashmore Reef 510-86, 576-86, 491-86, 538-86, 692-86 (lagoon 3-5m)
Scott Reef 637-85, 638-85, 639-85 (lagoon; outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 447-83 (outer slope, 10-30m)
Cockatoo I.
Dampier Archipelago
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 542-81 (2-5m)
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 790-85 (lagoon, 3m)

Acropora bushyensis Veron and Wallace, 1984
The single specimen attributed to this species shows no differences from coralla from
the southern Great Barrier Reef, the only other recorded locality of the species.

Records: South Passage, Shark Bay 590-79

Acropora horrida (Dana, 1846)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 251-225, figs. 602-612, 1198-1200.

Colonies from tropical localities are pale or dark blue (like those from the Great Barrier
Reef) or brown while those from the Houtman Abrolhos Is. are mostly brown. The
latter, which forms stands up to 2m diameter have relatively small corallites and
identification is tentative. Polyps are usually extended day and night at all localities.

Records: Ashmore Reef 534-86, 477-86, 657-86 (reef flat, lagoon, 2-13m)
Scott Reef 631-85, 632-85 (lagoon, 9-12m)
Rowley Shoals 417-83, 195-83, 629-85 (lagoon, 8-18m)
Dampier Archipelago 320-84
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 178-81 (back reef)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 714-85, 89-88, 94-88, 100-88
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 57-72 (reef flat)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 474-84, 627-85, 628-85

Acropora tortuosa (Dana, 1846)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 255-258, figs. 613-622, 1201.

Some corolla are difficult to distinguish from A. horrida.

Records: Dampier Archipelago
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 912-81, 703-85 (lagoon, 3m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 686-85, 704-85 (lagoon, 1-4m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 893-81 (fringing reef)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 625-85, 684-85, 685-85, 626-85

53

Acropora vaughani Wells, 1954
Veron and wallace (1984): 260-262, figs. 623-627, 1202.

Uncommon at all localities.

Records: Scott Reef 633-85, 634-85, 635-85 (lagoon)
Rowley Shoals 283-83, 286-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 520-81 (back reef, lagoon, 6-9m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 783-85

Acropora austera (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 262-266, figs. 632-645, 1203-1204.

Colonies at NW Shelf reefs are usually pale brown with yellow axial corallites, a
common colour pattern of Great Barrier Reef colonies.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 287-83, 368-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 483-81, 190-77, 28-81 (reef flat; back reef; lagoon)
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 472-78 (back reef)

Acropora aspera (Dana, 1846)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 268-270, figs. 646-654, 1205, 1206.

Common throughout the distribution range. Colonies have a wide range of ecomorphs,
those on reef flats of the Houtman Abrolhos Is. develop very thick branches, are bright
blue and superficially resemble A. grandis from the same biotope.

Records: Ashmore Reef 651-86, 711-86 (reef flat, 0m)

Cassini I. 578-85

Dampier Archipelago 143-73, 85-73, 135-73, 182-73, 67-74, 139-73 (reef flat; reef edge;
outer slope, 5-6m)

Barrow I. 236-74, 260-74 (back reef)

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 211-81, 212-81, 61-81, 246-77, 245-77, 247-77, 17-81 (reef flat;
lagoon)

Southern Ningaloo Reefs 471-81 (back reef)

Bernier I., Shark Bay 150-81, 745-81 (intertidal; 0-3m)

South Passage, Shark Bay 1027-79, 582-79 (3-5m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 590-85 (reef flat)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 588-85.

Acropora pulchra (Brook, 1891)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 272-274, figs. 655-666, 1209.
Common throughout the distribution range. Commonly forms monospecific stands >
10m diameter in shallow lagoons and on upper reef slopes at the Houtman Abrolhos Is.
(Veron 1986b, p. 165, figs. 2,3). Branches from these colonies are relatively fine and
lightly calcified and corallites small. Also common on reef flats where colonies become
sub-corymbose.
Records: Ashmore Reef 482-86, 699-86, 567-86 (reef flat, 0m)

Admiralty Gulf

Cape Voltaire 585-85

Scott Reef 582-85, 673-85 (reef flat; reef slope)

54

Rowley Shoals V

Dampier Archipelago 21-76, 988-79, 584-85, 731-81, 133-73, 189-73, 71-74, (intertidal to
outer slope, 5-6m)

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 545-81 (reef flat)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 211-81, 214-81, 173-81, 188-77, 215-81 (reef flat; back reef)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 69-72 (back reef)

Dirk Hartog I. 588-79 (2m)

South Passage, Shark Bay 591-79 (3-5m)

North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 579-85, 581-85, 904-81 (3m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 194-74, 318-78, 586-85, 93-88 (lagoon, 1-9m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 20-73, 22-73, 12-73, 118-88, 120-88 (fringing reef;
lagoon, 2-3m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 397-84, 481-84, 580-85, 473-84, 472-84, 476-84, 442-84, 437-84,
583-85, 587-85

Acropora millepora (Ehrenberg, 1834)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 274-278, figs. 667-678, 1208-1210.

Common throughout the distribution range, with the same colours as Great Barrier
Reef colonies. Restricted to reef flats.

Records: Ashmore Reef 664-86 (reef flat, 0m)

Cockatoo I.

Scott Reef V.

Rowley Shoals 362-83 (reef flat)

Dampier Archipelago 589-85, 87-73, 168-74, 226-74, 81-73, 730-81, 729-81, 740-81, 732-81,
733-81, 322-84, 79-73, 137-73, 171-73, 179-73, 183-73, 172-74 (reef edge; outer slope,
3-9m)

Montebello Is. 41-59

Passage I. 104-81 (2-5m)

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 436-81 (2-4m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 463-81, 195-77, 193-77, 192-77, 194-77 (reef flat)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 591-85, 171-81 (reef flat)

Southern Ningaloo Reefs 472-81 (back reef)

Bernier I. 144-81 (2-4m)

Dirk Hartog I. 578-79 (2-3m)

South Passage, Shark Bay 1026-79 (5m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 190-74 (reef flat)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 592-85

Jurien Bay 66-85 (lagoon)

Acropora tenuis (Dana, 1846)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 279-282, figs. 679-687, 1211-1213

Common in lagoons throughout the distribution range, where colonies are pale cream
or yellow. Polyps are usually partly extended during the day at the Houtman Abrolhos

Is.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago 317-84, 319-84, 615-85
Ningaloo Reefs V
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 793-85, 616-85
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 119-88
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 614-85, 413-84

55

Acropora selago (Studer, 1878)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 283-285, figs. 688-697, 1214.

Uncommon, restricted to mid and lower reef slopes.

Records: Ashmore Reef 496-86, 515-86 (lagoon, outer slope, 12-20m)
Scott Reef 618-85, 621-85, 623-85, 624-85, 620-85 (outer slope)
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago 619-85, 622-85
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 466-81, 518-81, 177-81 (lagoon, 6-9m; outer slope)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 31-88, 32-88
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 33-88, 34-88, 35-88 (15m)
Port Gregory 774-85
Rottnest I. 2-88 (1m)

Acropora yongei Veron & Wallace, 1984

Veron and Wallace (1984): 293-298, figs. 719-732, 1218, 1219.

Usually uncommon, but forms large colonies at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. (Veron
1986b, p. 171, fig. 1.)

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 353-83, 429-83 (lagoon, 9-18m and outer slope, 15-30m)
Dampier Archipelago 657-85, 316-84, 711-85
Ningaloo Reefs (EPA)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V
Port Gregory 658-85

Acropora donei Veron & Wallace, 1984
Veron and Wallace (1984): 286-289, figs. 698-709, 1215.
Uncommon throughout range; forms large sprawling pale or dark brown colonies at
the Houtman Abrolhos Is.
Records: Ashmore Reef
Cartier Reef 474-86
Troughout I.
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 246-83, 321-83 (lagoon, 6m and outer slope, 16-35m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 714-85, 101-88

Acropora microclados (Ehrenberg, 1834)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 302-306, figs. 744-755, 1223-1294.

Records: Rowley Shoals 327-83, 497-83, 326-83, 346-83, 278-83, 344-83 (outer slope, 15-35m)
Ningaloo Reefs V

Acropora dendrum (Bassett-Smith, 1890)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 290-292, figs. 710-718, 1216, 1217.
Rare; records are tentative.
Records: Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 395-84, 54-87 (3m)
Acropora cytherea (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 298-302, figs. 733-743, 1220-1222.
Common only on NW Shelf reefs.

56

Records: Ashmore Reef 701-86 (outer slope, 12-20m)
Scott Reef 681-85, 682-85 (outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 473-83, 277-83, 330-83 (lagoon; outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 175-73 (outer slope, 5-8m)
Northwest Cape

Acropora paniculata Verrill, 1902
Veron and Wallace (1984): 306-310, figs. 756-765.

Known only from Ashmore Reef on the west coast.
Records: Ashmore Reef 558-86

Acropora hyacinthus (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 310-314, figs. 766-774, 1227-1229.

Common throughout the distribution range south to the Houtman Abrolhos Is. where
colonies are indistinguishable from those of the Great Barrier Reef. The record from
Green Head is the southern-most mainland distribution limit for Acropora. Colonies at
the Houtman Abrolhos Is. are unusual in having polyps extended day and night.

Records: Ashmore Reef 621-86, 667-86, 703-86 (lagoon, outer slope, 10-20m)

Troughton I. 600-85

Cassini I. 594-85, 597-85

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals V

Dampier Archipelago 593-85, 348-84, 16-76, 17-76, 595-85, 5-72, 596-85, 347-84, 90-73,
225-74, 178-73, 83-73, 69-74, 599-85, 720-85, 180-73, 145-73, (reef flat; reef edge; outer
slope, 3-6m)

Montebello Is. 100-81 (3-4m)

Barrow I. 238-74 (back reef)

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 534-81, 537-81 (2-4m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 184-77, 187-77, 62-81 (reef flat)

Southern Ningaloo Reefs 598-85

Bernier I. 152-81, 743-81 (intertidal; 0-3m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 97-88, 103-88, 106-88

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 470-84

Green Head

Acropora spicifera (Dana, 1846)
Veron (1986b): 176
The most abundant reef flat and upper slope species of the Houtman Abrolhos Is.
where colonies >3 m diameter are common. These have dark colours with pale
branchlet tips, except for colonies in very shallow water which are fawn. Like A.
hyacinthus, polyps are extended day and night.
Records: Dampier Archipelago (EPA)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 67-72 (back reef)

Southern Ningaloo Reefs 548-81 (lagoon)

South Passage, Shark Bay 577-79 (3-5m)

North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 671-85 (reef flat)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 198-74, 668-85, 210-74, 179-74, 323-78 (lagoon,

1-2m)

57

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 73-73, 40-73, 49-73, 131-88 (reef flat, reef slope,
1-3m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 672-85

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 415-84, 475-84, 669-85, 670-85, 438-84, 479-84, 998-85

Acropora anthocercis (Brook, 1893)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 314-318, figs. 775-783, 1230-1232.

Common only at the Ningaloo Reefs.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Barrow I.
Dampier Archipelago 20-76 (outer slope)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 876-85, 839-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V

Acropora latistella (Brook, 1892)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 318-322, figs. 784-795, 1233, 1234.

Common on upper reef slopes throughout tthe distribution range but forms extensive
plates only at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. where they are usually dark colours.

Records: Ashmore Reef 479-86, 728-86 (lagoon, 3-5m; reef flat)
Troughton I. 659-85, 667-85
Broome 480-83 (intertidal pool)
Scott Reef 647-85 (reef slope)
Rowley Shoals 496-83, 242-83 (lagoon 6m and outer slope, 15-30m)
Dampier Archipelago 645-85, 648-85, 6-72 (intertidal pool; reef slope)
Barrow I. 234-74 (back reef)
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 538-81 (2-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 184-81, 469-81, 480-81, 180-81, 182-81, 186-77, 84-81 (reef flat;

back reef; lagoon, 1-9m)

Dorre I. 746-81 (0-4m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 646-85, 181-74, 88-88 (1-2m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 46-73, 69-73 (reef flat; 5m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 666-85 (1-2m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 643-85, 644-85, 651-85, 652-85, 779-85

Acropora subulata (Dana, 1846)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 322-325, figs. 796-803, 1235.

Records: Ashmore Reef 504-86, 600-86, 530-86, 686-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 328-83, 244-83, 247-83 (lagoon 6m; outer slope, 15-30m)
Dampier Archipelago 170-73, 649-85, 653-85, 655-85, 656-85 (outer slope)
Montebello Is. 95-81 (lagoon, 2-3m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 808-85
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 660-85 (reef flat)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 70-73 (reef slope, 9m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 907-81, 650-85 (back reef)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 436-84
Port Gregory 654-85

Acropora nana (Studer, 1878)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 325-327, figs. 804-807, 1236.

Rare, except for some exposed upper reef slopes and reef flats of NW Shelf reefs.

58

Records: Ashmore Reef 714-86 (reef flat, 0m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 305-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 842-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

Acropora aculeus (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 328-332, figs. 808-818, 1237-1239.

Usually uncommon throughout the distribution range. Corallites are larger than usual
for Great Barrier Reef colonies. Colonies at coastal localities and the Houtman Abrolhos
Is. are pale brown in colour.

Records: Rowley Shoals 335-83 (outer slope, 15-30m)
Dampier Archipelago 346-84
Middle Ningaloo Reefs V
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 429-77, 244-78 (lagoon, 7-20m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 44-73 (reef slope, 3m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 323-79 (4-5m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 480-84, 478-84, 1000-85
Port Gregory V

Acropora cerealis (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 334-339, figs. 822-839, 1240, 1241.

Common at tropical localities, rare at the Houtman Abrolhos Is.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago 7-72 (intertidal pool)
Barrow I. 235-74 (back reef)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 840-85, 844-85, 875-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 717-85

Acropora nasuta (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 339-343, figs. 835-845, 1242, 1243.

Common on upper reef slopes throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef 617-85 (reef slope)
Rowley Shoals 314-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 351-84, 616-85
Barrow I. 233-74 (back reef)
Montebello Is. 94-81, 109-81 (lagoon, 2-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 183-81, 213-81 (reef flat; lagoon)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 189-74 (1-2m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V

Acropora valida (Dana, 1846)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 346-350, figs. 850-862, 1244-1247.

Common throughout the distribution range with the same colour variations that occur
along eastern Australia.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 357-83, 329-83 (reef flat; outer slope, 15-30)

59

Dampier Archipelago 75-73, 82-73, 784-85 (outer slope, 6-9m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 880-85, 878-85 (reef flat; lagoon, 5-12m)
South Passage Shark Bay 589-79 (3-5m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 707-85, 77-88, 109-88, 110-88
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 123-88, 126-88

Acropora clathrata (Brook, 1891)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 360-364, figs. 889-899, 1254-1256.

Usually common on upper reef slopes throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 521-86, 690-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Cassini I. 676-85
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)
Passage Is. 96-81 (2-5m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 519-81 (lagoon, 6-9m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 908-85, 675-85 (outer slope, 8-20m)

Acropora divaricata (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 364-370, figs. 900-915, 1257-1259.

Common at NW Shelf reefs. Records from coastal localities are tentative only.

Records: Ashmore Reef 472-86, 480-86, 569-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef V
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)
Montebello Is.
Northwest Cape
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 883-85, 843-85
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 544-81

Acropora solitaryensis Veron & Wallace, 1984
Veron and Wallace (1984): 370-373, figs. 916-929, 1260.

Common only at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. and Dampier Archipelago (Veron 1986b, p.
190, figs. 2,3). At both these localities colonies may consist of whorls of solid plates with
almost no development of branchlets. Most colonies are indistinguishable from those of
Lord Howe and the Solitary Islands of eastern Australia.

Records: Ashmore Reef 827-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Bonaparte Archipelago
Lacepede Is. 465-83
Rowley Shoals V (outer slope, 12-15m)
Dampier Archipelago 323-84, 984-85, 988-85, 990-85
Dorre I. 748-81 (0-4m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 169-78, 96-88 (30m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 14-73, 124-88, 125-88 (reef flat)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 674-85, 986-85, 992-85
Port Gregory 991-85
Port Denison 985-85

Acropora stoddarti Pillai & Scheer, 1976

Pillai and Scheer (1976): 27-28 pl. 5, figs. 1,2; pl. 6, figs. 1-3.

Often the dominant species of lower reef slopes of the Houtman Abrolhos Is., un-
common throughout the remainder of the distribution range.

60

Records: Scott Reef 680-85 (reef slope)
Rowley Shoals 337-83, 446-83 (outer slope, 10-30m)
Dampier Archipelago 353-84
Passage Is. 98-81 (2-5m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 168-78, 319-78, 679-85, 212-74, 49-87, 51-87, 52-
87, (20-30m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 62-73, 428-77 (9-38m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 677-85, 679-85, 678-85, 989-85, 994-85, 995-85, 996-85, 997-85

Acropora subglabra (Brook, 1891)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 378-382, figs. 940-949, 1263, 1264.
Recorded only from protected lagoons of NW Shelf reefs where it may be dominant in
restricted areas. Colonies usually have yellow branchlet tips, as have those on the Great
Barrier Reef.
Records: Ashmore Reef 675-85 (lagoon, 10-13m)

Scott Reef 612-85, 613-85, 702-85, 791-85 (lagoon, 6-12m and reef slope)

Rowley Shoals 248-83, 386-83, 203-83, 449-83, 251-83, 23-84 (lagoon, 1-18m)

Acropora elseyi (Brook, 1892)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 385-390, figs. 962-976, 1265-1268

Recorded only from NW Shelf reefs.

Records: Ashmore Reef 473-86, 497-86, 578-86 (lagoon, outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef 661-85, 662-85 (outer slope, 12-15m)

Acropora longicyathus (Edwards & Haime, 1860)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 392-395, figs. 977-990, 1269, 1270.

Observed only in protected lagoons of NW Shelf reefs.

Records: Ashmore Reef 577-86, 559-86 (lagoon, 0-18m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 206-83 (lagoon, 1-8m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs V

Acropora loripes (Brook, 1892)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 397-403, figs. 995-1009

Known on the west coast from only two specimens which have smaller corallites than
usually found on Great Barrier Reef coralla.

Records: Ashmore Reef 508-86 (lagoon, 0-6m)
Ningaloo Reefs (EPA)

Acropora granulosa (Edwards & Haime, 1860)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 405-408, figs. 1018-1026, 1275-1277.

Common at most tropical localities, rare at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. where it occurs
only on lower slopes.

Records: Ashmore Reef
Scott Reef 610-85 (outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 293-83, 367-83, 302-83 (outer slope 16-35m)
Seringapatam Reef 611-85 (outer slope)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs V
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 427-77
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 63-73, 115-88 (12m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 394-84, 477-84

61

Acropora caroliniana Nemenzo, 1976
Veron and Wallace (1984): 409-412, figs. 1027-1034, 1278.
Known only from the Rowley Shoals and Ashmore Reef, where it 1s rare.

Records: Ashmore Reef
Rowley Shoals 198-83 (lagoon, 1-8m)

Acropora willisae Veron & Wallace, 1984
Veron and Wallace (1984): 412-416, figs. 1035-1044, 1279
Although uncommon on the Great Barrier Reef, this is a dominant species of shallow
reef flats of the Ningaloo Reefs and is common at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. Colonies
are mostly brown or fawn in colour < 0.5m diameter.
Records: Seringapatam Reef (outer slope) V

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 819-85, 882-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 111-88

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 134-88

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 392-84, 999-85
Acropora florida (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 416-420, figs. 1045-1055, 1280-1282.
Common throughout the distribution range. Colonies from NW Shelf reefs (Veron
1986b, p. 204, fig. 5, at Scott Reef) are similar to those of the Great Barrier Reef in
structure and colour, while those from coastal localities (¢bid. fig. 4 at Dampier Archi-
pelago) and the Houtman Abrolhos Is. become prostrate, with flattened branches tend-
ing to become plate-like. The latter are brown, fawn, or more commonly, bright green.
The latter also tend to have slightly larger corralites and represent a distinct geographic
sub-species not observed elsewhere in the Indo-west Pacific.
Records: Ashmore Reef 635-86 (lagoon, 3-5m)

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals 228-83 (lagoon, 1-8m)

Dampier Archipelago 4-72, 173-73, 221-74, 167-74, 356-84, 8-72, 608-85, (outer slope,

2-3m)

Montebello Is. 93-81, 99-81, 105-81, 102-81 (2-4m)

Passage Is. 103-81 (2-5m)

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 539-81 (2-4m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 176-81, 181-81, 250-77, 248-77, 197-77, 249-77 (lagoon, 2-3m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 602-85, 475-78 (reef flat)

Southern Ningaloo Reefs 546-81 (back reef)

Dorre I. 149-81 (0-5m)

South Passage, Shark Bay 583-79, 580-79, 586-79 (3-12m)

Dirk Hartog I. 587-79 (2-3m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 7-73, 55-87, 56-87 (reef flat)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 601-85, 636-85, 603-85 (2-3m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 398-84, 609-85
Acropora sarmentosa (Brook, 1892)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 420-423, figs. 1056-1061, 1283-1286.
Uncommon throughout the distribution range.
Records: Dampier Archipelago

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 845-85, 838-85, 874-85, 841-85, 879-85 (lagoon 5-12m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 86-88

62

Acropora exquiseta Nemenzo, 1971

A finely branched species common on the north-west shelf; not recorded from the west
coast.

Records: Ashmore Reef 584-86 (reef flat lagoon, 4m)
Scott Reef 713-85
Rowley Shoals

Acropora sp. |

This is a distinctive species with affinities with the horrida group. It has only been
recorded at the Houtman Abrolhos Islands.

Record: Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Islands) 1001-85, 50-87

GENUS ASTREOPORA de Blainville, 1830

As on the Great Barrier Reef, A. myriophthalma is by far the most common Astreopora
of the west coast. The most notable difference between the two faunas is the absence of
A. explanata in the east.

Astreopora myriophthalma (Lamarck, 1816)

Veron and Wallace (1984): 426-429, figs. 1064-1068, 1287-1289

Previous records from Western Australia: King Sound (as A. kentti BMNH 95-7-22-1)
Bernard (1896), Lamberts (1982),? myriophthalma, Veron and Wallace (1984).

Common throughout range. Colonies are massive or, at the Houtman Abrolhos Is., are
submassive, flat, with explanate borders.

Records: Ashmore Reef V

Scott Reef 543-85 (lagoon, 5-8m)

Rowley Shoals 544-85, 392-83, 398-83 (lagoon, 5-18m)

Dampier Archipelago 423-78, 548-85, 82-74, 25-72, 83-74 (outer slope)

Montebello Is.

Passage Is. 483-80, 401-80 (reef flat; outer slope, 2-5m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 350-77 (reef flat)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 216-74, 261-78, 256-78, 257-78, 258-78, 260-78,
265-78, 419-77 (lagoon, 1-18m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 895-81, 902-81, 23-73, 896-81 (lagoon 1-2m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 542-85 (back reef)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 545-85, 549-85

Astreopora gracilis (Bernard, 1896)
Veron and Wallace (1984): 432-435, figs. 1077-1081.
Previous records from Western Australia: North-western Australia, Veron and Wallace
(1984).
Uncommon throughout the distribution range.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef 552-85 (reef slope)
Dampier Archipelago V
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 162-78, 263-78, 149-88 (lagoon, 2-30m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 420-77 (lagoon, 2-3m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 550-85

63

Astreopora explanata Veron, 1985
Veron (1985): 153-155, figs. 5,6.

Common at the Houtman Abrolhos Is., becoming less common in tropical localities.

Previous records from Western Australia: Beacon I., Houtman Abrolhos (type, WAM
161-84); Dampier Archipelago; Rowley Shoals, Veron (1985).
Records: Ashmore Reef
Scott Reef 547-85 (outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 414-83, 551-85, 410-83, 413-83, 409-83 (lagoon, 9-18m; outer slope
10-25m)
Dampier Archipelago
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 856-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 161-85 (holotype), 186-74, 262-78, 264-78, 57-88
(lagoon, 2-30m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 546-85

Astreopora ocellata Bernard, 1896
Veron and Wallace (1984): 439-441, figs. 1095-1097
Rare throughout the distribution range and difficult to separate from A. myriophthalma
unless colonies occur together.
Previous records from Western Australia: Baudin I., W.A., Bernard (1896).
Records: Ashmore Reef 663-86 (lagoon, 0-20m)

Kimberley Coast

Montebello Is. 397-80 (3-4m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 617-81, 565-81 (lagoon, 6-9m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 555-78 (lagoon)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 259-78 (lagoon, 2-3m)

FAMILY PORITIDAE Gray, 1842
GENUS PORITES Link, 1807
There are likely to be more Porites species on the west coast than recorded here, as
several collected specimens remain unidentified or identified with doubt. Most Porites
species from temperate localities form small colonies and only P. lutea is known to
form large colonies at the Houtman Abrolhos Islands. Specimens of most species from
tropical reefs are indistinguishable from those from the Great Barrier Reef.
The presence of P. eridani and probably a second P. cylindrica-like species at Ashmore
Reef, indicate an Indonesian influence not found elsewhere in Australia.

Porites solida (Forskal, 1775)

Veron and Pichon (1982): 12-15, figs. 3-8.

Common throughout tropical localities.

Records: Scott Reef 432-85, 452-85 (reef slope, 10-15m)
Rowley Shoals294-83 (outer slope, 15-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 433-85, 447-85, 295-84, 300-84
Middle Ningaloo Reefs
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 374-84

Porites lobata Dana, 1846
Veron and Pichon (1982): 16-18, figs. 9-13.

Common throughout the distribution range. Colonies are large and massive except at
the Houtman Abrolhos Is. where they are small and flat.

Records: Ashmore Reef 527-86, 879-86
Admiralty Gulf 142-77 (intertidal)
Scott Reef 471-85, 453-85 (reef slope)
Rowley Shoals
Dampier Archipelago 440-85, 982-79, 105-73, 589-78, 136-74 (reef flat; 0-3m)
Montebello Is.
Barrow I.
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 55-81 (reef flat; lagoon, 3m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 66-72, 421-85, 921-85 (reef flat; lagoon 5-12m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 517-79, 516-79 (3-9m)
Dirk Hartog I. 518-79 (4m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 371-77, 268-78, 449-86, 450-85, 151-88 (reef flat;
lagoon, 1-3m)

Porites murrayensis Vaughan, 1918

Veron (1986b): 223

Previous records from Western Australia: Scott Reef and the Rowley Shoals (Veron
1986a)

Records: Scott Reef 439-85
Rowley Shoals
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)

Porites lutea Edwards & Haime, 1860

Veron and Pichon (1982): 25-28, figs. 27-32.

Common throughout the distribution range. The only species of Porites known to form
very large colonies at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. (one colony N of Long I. (Wallabi
Group) measures 3-4m high and > 4m diameter).

Records: Ashmore Reef 902-86, 726-76 (lagoon; reef slope)
Scott Reef 435-85 (reef slope)
Rowley Shoals 499-84, 502-84, 501-84 (lagoon, 2-8m)
Montebello Is. 395-80 (3-4m)
Dampier Archipelago 431-85, 591-78, 6-76, 592-78, 294-84 (reef slope, 3-6m)
Barrow I. 245-74, 259-74 (back reef)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 188-81, 56-81, 187-81, 549-81, 204-81, 42-78, 43-78, 45-78 (reef
flat; lagoon, 2-4m)
Southern Ningaloo Reefs, 590-78 (lagoon, 3m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 512-79 (2m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 369-77 (reef flat)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 898-81 (1m)
Rottnest I. 174-74 (2m)

Porites stephensoni Crossland, 1952
Veron and Pichon (1982): 28, figs. 33-36.

Recorded on the west coast only from Ashmore Reef.
Record: Ashmore Reef 545-86, 765-86, 794-86 (reef flat; lagoon; outer slope, 0-20m)

65

Porites lichen Dana, 1846
Veron and Pichon (1982): 43-47, figs. 61-76

Common, except at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. where colonies are common only on
some reef slopes. These are brown or purple in colour.

Records: Ashmore Reef 486-86, 669-86, 921-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef 454-85, 449-85 (lagoon, 2-8m; reef slope)
Rowley Shoals 448-85 (reef flat)
Dampier Archipelago 445-85, 243-73, 38-72, 292-84, 293-84 (reef front)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 18-81 (6m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 877-85, 827-85, 850-85, 816-85, 865-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 373-84, 375-84

Porites heronensis Veron, 1985
Veron (1985): 155-158, figs. 7-9.

Common only at Dampier Archipelago.

Previous records from Western Australia: Dampier Archipelago; Houtman Abrolhos,
both Veron (1985).

Records: Dampier Archipelago 446-85, 442-85, 477-85, 451-85, 238-73, 231-73, 508-80, 296-84 (reef
front, 6-9m)
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 475-85 (reef flat)

Porites cylindrica Dana, 1846

Veron and Pichon (1982): 35-38, figs. 48-53.

Common throughout the distribution range where it usually occurs with P. nigrescens
(Veron 1986b, p. 227, fig. 4, at Scott Reef). A second cylindrica-like species may occur on
NW Shelf reefs.

Records: Ashmore Reef 524-86, 568-86, 629-86 (lagoon, 0-18m)
Scott Reef V (lagoon)
Rowley Shoals 427-83, 434-85 (lagoon, 2-18m)
Dampier Archipelago 438-85, 491-78 (4m)
Montebello Is. 399-80, 400-80 (lagoon, 2-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 238-77, 239-77, 240-77, 43-81, 54-81, 35-81 (reef flat; outer
slope, 3-6m)
North West Cape 530-81 (1-2m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 941-85, 948-85, 866-85 (lagoon, 2-12m)

Porites nigrescens Dana, 1848

Veron and Pichon (1982): 38-43, figs. 53-60.

Common throughout the distribution range. Shows considerable morphological vari-
ation in both branch shape and corallite details. Usually bright yellow in colour.

Records: Ashmore Reef 501-86, 544-86, 591-86, 924-86, 556-86, 724-86 (lagoons, outer slopes,
0-18m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 437-85, 456-85, 476-85 (lagoon, 2-8m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 825-85, 867-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

Porites vaughani Crossland, 1952
Veron and Pichon (1982): 53-57, figs. 91-100.

Previous records from Western Australia: Baudin I. (as Porites NWA 4, BMNH
92.1.16.1) Bernard (1905)

66

‘Occurs only on NW Shelf reefs, where it is common.
Records: Ashmore Reef 529-86, 484-86, 555-86, 718-86, 758-86, 823-86, 830-86, 844-86, 876-86,
566-86, 927-86 (reef flats, lagoons, outer slopes)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 443-85 (outer slope, 15m)

\iPorites eridani Umbgrove, 1940

\Unbgrove (1940): 306, P1 xxxiii, fig. 4, Pl xxxv, fig. 2

:Ashmore Reef is the only known Australian locality for this species. It occurs in
[Indonesia and is common in the Philippines.

[Records: Ashmore Reef 514-86, 519-86, 539-86, 542-86, 579-86, 580-86

orites rus (Forskal, 1775)
"Veron and Pichon (1982): 58-62, figs. 101-114.

ICoralla show no differences from those of the Great Barrier Reef.
(Records: Ashmore Reef 560-86, 679-86, 792-86 (lagoon, outer slope)
Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals
Dampier Archipelago 748-85

Porites sp. |
\|Probably an undescribed species which also occurs on the Great Barrier Reef. Colonies
rare readily recognised in situ by having polyps normally extended during the day
\ji(illustrated, Veron 1986b, p. 218, fig. 2, at Dampier Archipelago).

|| Records: Ashmore Reef 878-86 (lagoon 0-20m)
Scott Reef 59-87
Dampier Archipelago 588-78
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 269-78, 58-87 (lagoon, 15m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 372-77 (back reef)

Porites sp. 2
‘This sub-branching species is common at Dampier Archipelago where colonies are a
|| mottled green and pale cream colour. It is also common at Sri Lanka (de Silva pers.
comm.), but has not been recorded from the Pacific. It is primarily characterised by
small corallites which have septa so irregular that the Porites pattern can seldom be
| seen.
Records: Dampier Archipelago 446-85
Montebello Islands 399-80, 400-80
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 239-77, 816-85
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 60-85

|| Porites sp. 3
A third sub-arborescent Porites appear to be a distinct species from coastal localities.

! Records: Dampier Archipelago 446-85
Montebello Is. 400-80, 399-80
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 816-85, 850-85
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 60-87

67

GENUS GONIOPORA de Blainville, 1830

Goniopora columna Dana, 1846
Veron and Pichon (1982): 77-80, figs. 139-147, 293-296, 313, 317.

Common throughout the distribution range. Colonies are usually grey at the Houtman
Abrolhos Is.

Records: Ashmore Reef 716-86, 944-86 (lagoon, 0-18m)
Scott Reef 473-85 (lagoon)
Dampier Archipelago 457-85, 466-85 (lagoon)
Montebello Is. 387-80 (lagoon, 2-4m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 800-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 102-88
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 129-88, 130-88
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 461-85, 468-85, 489-85

Goniopora stokesi Edwards & Haime, 1851
Veron and Pichon (1982): 70-73, figs. 125-130.

Uncommon throughout the distribution range except for the Dampier Archipelago.
Usually restricted to turbid water.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Dampier Archipelago 606-73 (2-3m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 458-77 (20-30m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 267-84
Port Gregory 490-84

Goniopora lobata Edwards & Haime, 1860
Veron and Pichon (1982): 74-77, figs. 131-138, 289-292.

Common throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef 479-85 (lagoon, 2-6m)
Admiralty Gulf 452-86 (intertidal)
Dampier Archipelago 991-79, (intertidal)
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 595-81, 438-81 (2-4m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 817-85, 818-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Shark Bay 676-81 (2m)
Dirk Hartog I. 167-81 (4m)

Goniopora pendulus Veron, 1985
Veron (1985): 160-163, figs. 12, 13.

Common on lower reef slopes of the Dampier Archipelago (Veron 1986b, p. 242, fig. 1)
and Houtman Abrolhos Is. (zbzd. fig. 2).

Previous records from Western Australia: Houtman Abrolhos (WAM 164-84, holotype);
Dampier Archipelago, both Veron (1985).

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Kimberley coast
Dampier Archipelago 465-85
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 160-78, 241-78, 240-78 (lagoon, 12m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 164-84 (holotype) 8m, 165-84, (paratype) (17m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 293-77 (4-5m)
Cockburn Sound 2-59 (9m)

68

Goniopora tenuidens Quelch, 1886
Veron and Pichon (1982): 83-86, figs. 155-161, 300-303, 310.

Common throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 601-86, 671-86, 678-86 (lagoon, 0-6m)
Admiralty Gulf 149-77 (intertidal)
Scott Reef 472-85 (reef flat)
Rowley Shoals 259-83 (lagoon, 6m)
Dampier Archipelago 302-84
Passage Is. 372-80 (reef flat)
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 233-77 (reef flat)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 694-81, 552-81, 414-81, 551-81 (outer slope, 8-11m)
Dirk Hartog I. 513-79 (4-5m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V
Port Gregory 593-84

Goniopora minor Crossland, 1952
Veron and Pichon (1982): 86-88, figs. 162-168, 304, 305.

Common throughout the distribution range, especially the Ningaloo Reefs.

Records: Ashmore Reef 691-86 (lagoon, 0-2m)
Kimberley coast
Scott Reef 86-85, 474-85, 464-85, 462-85 (lagoon, 2-8m; outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 399-83, 233-83, 416-83 (lagoon, 2-18m)
Dampier Archipelago 467-85, 297-84
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 929-85, 943-85 (outer slope, 8-20m)

Goniopora pandoraensis Veron and Pichon, 1982
Veron and Pichon (1982): 91-94, figs. 176-183.
Records of this species are doubtful.

Records: Ashmore Reef 846-86 (outer slope, 12-20m)
Kimberley Coast 226-87, 227-87

Goniopora palmensis Veron and Pichon, 1982
Veron and Pichon (1982): 99-100, figs. 191-198, 319-322 (col.) Veron (1986b): 249.

Previous record from Western Australia: Rowley Shoals, Veron (1986a).

Record: Dampier Archipelago (EPA)

Goniopora djiboutiensis Vaughan, 1907
Veron and Pichon (1982): 67-70 figs. 118-124, 283-288, 308, 309, 315.

Common throughout the distribution range.

Records: Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 404-83 (lagoon, 9-18m)
Dampier Archipelago
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 98-88, 107-88
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 377-84, 376-84

Goniopora somaliensis Vaughan, 1907

Veron and Pichon (1982): 80-81, figs. 148-154.

This species has only been recorded from Ashmore Reef on the west coast where 1t 1
common.

Records: Ashmore Reef 754-86, 852-86, 867-86, 926-86 (lagoon, (-6m, outer slope 6-20m).

69

Goniopora stutchburyi Wells, 1955

Veron and Pichon (1982): 104-106, figs. 206-212, 326, 327.

Usually restricted to shallow wave-washed biotopes with very low coral cover, where
colonies are usually small, encrusting, > 100mm diameter.

Previous records from Western Australia: Bassett-Smith Shoal, Holothuria Reef, 16m (as
Goniopora NWA 2, BMNH 92.1.16.45), Bernard (1903); Adolphus I. (as Gonzopora
NWA 7, BMNH 92.12.1.211) Bernard (1906).
Records: Ashmore Reef 807-86 (outer slope, 6-14m)

Cartier Reef 806-86 (outer slope, 8-22m)

Rowley Shoals V

Lacepede Is. 459-83

Dampier Archipelago 298-84, 603-78, 772-81, 605-78, 299-84 (2-3m)

Dirk Hartog I. 507-79 (4m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 336-78, 64-88

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 271-84, 379-84

Goniopora sp. |
The single recorded specimen of this species has smaller corallites than any other
Australian Goniopora except G. stutchburyi.

Record: Ashmore Reef 763-86 (reef flat, 0m)

Goniopora sp. 2

The single specimen attributed to this species, from Ashmore Reef, may be an eco-
morph of G. fruticosa Saville-Kent, 1891, but has smaller corallites than coralla of this
species trom the Great Barrier Reef.

Record: Ashmore Reef 562-86

Goniopora sp. 3
This third unidentified Goniopora is a tentative grouping of specimens only.
Records: Rowley Shoals 243-83 (lagoon, 6m)

Dampier Archipelago 251-73, 252-73 (outer slope, 2-12m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 230-77, 231-77, 232-77 (reef flat)

GENUS ALVEOPORA de Blainville, 1830

Alveopora are probably more abundant at the Houtman Abrolhos Islands than on any
other Australian reef. They also develop larger colonies at the Houtman Abrolhos
Islands than elsewhere.

Alveopora catalai Wells, 1968
Veron and Pichon (1982): 110-113, figs. 216-223, 328.

Recorded only from NW Shelf reefs (Veron 1986b, p. 256, fig. 1) where colonies are
indistinguishable from those of the Great Barrier Reef.

Records: Ashmore Reef 617-86 (lagoon, 0-20m)
Scott Reef 483-85 (lagoon, 9-12m)

70

Alveopora gigas Veron, 1985
Veron (1985): 163-165, figs. 14, 15.

Common on lower reef slopes of the Houtman Abrolhos Is. (Veron 1986b, p. 258, 259,
figs. 1-3).

Previous records from Western Australia: Houtman Abrolhos (WAM 166-84, holotype),
Veron (1985).

Records: Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 156-78, 50-88 (27-30m)
aris Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 425-77, (2-3m) 166-84 (holotype) (lagoon slope,
12m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 428-84, 429-84, 430-84, 431-84, 432-84, 433-84, 434-84, 455-85

Alveopora allingi Hoffmeister, 1925
Veron and Pichon (1982): 114-117, figs. 224-233, 329.

Common in some lagoonal areas of NW Shelf reefs and on lower reef slopes of the
Houtman Abrolhos Is.

Records: Scott Reef 469-85 (lagoon, 9-12m)
Rowley Shoals 422-83, 282-84 (lagoon, 9-18m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 543-81 (2-5m)
Dirk Hartog I. 35-59, 22-59 (0-1m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 104-188
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 422-77, 59-88, 132-88, 133-88 (3-9m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 278-84, 281-84, 481-85, 482-85, 279-84

Alveopora fenestrata (Lamarck, 1816)

Veron and Pichon (1982): 121-123, 242-249, 334-336, 338, 339.

Uncommon over most of the distribution range except at the Houtman Abrolhos Is.
where it is frequently found on lower reef slopes.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Rowley Shoals 377-83, 415-83, 230-83, 338-83 (lagoon, 2-18m and outer slope, 15-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 27-72, 584-78 (intertidal; 6m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 22-81 (0-1m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 820-85, 801-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 583-78 (lagoon, 7m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 188-74, 69-88, (lagoon, 2-3m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 487-85 (back reef)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 272-84, 275-84, 276-84, 280-84, 268-84
Geraldton 284-84
Rottnest I. 81-85, 78-72, 14-84, 186-78, 961-85 (1-6m)

Alveopora verrilliana Dana, 1872

Veron and Pichon (1982): 123-125, figs. 250-255, 337-341

Common at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. (Veron 1986b, p. 262, fig. 2) but uncommon
elsewhere. These indentifications are tentative as the palisade of exsert tabeculae which
characterise coralla from eastern Australia are poorly developed.

Records: Ashmore Reef 489-86, 554-86, 595-86 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Scott Reef 458-85 (lagoon, 2-6m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 25-81 (outer slope, 3-6m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 910-85 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 246-78 (21m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 62-88, 80-88, 139-88

71

Alveopora spongiosa Dana, 1846

Veron and Pichon (1982): 126-129, figs. 256-266, 342-345.

Common over the full distribution range, especially at the Houtman Abrolhos Is.
(Veron 1986b, p. 263, fig. 1) where large colonies may form whorls.

Records: Ashmore Reef 547-86, 590-86, 619-86, 670-86 (lagoon and outer slope, 0-18m)
Scott Reef 463-85, 485-85 (lagoon 2-6m; reef slope)
Rowley Shoals 354-83 (outer slope, 15-30m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 928-85, 924-85, 902-85 (lagoon, 5-12m and outer slope, 8-20m)
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 587-78 (lagoon, 7m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 511-79
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 220-78, 221-78, 152-78, 486-85, 144-88 (1-21m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 423-77, 424-77 (lagoon, 2-3m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 274-84, 273-84, 270-84

Alveopora tizardi Bassett-Smith, 1890
Veron and Pichon (1982): 130-132, figs. 267-273, 346.

Rare. Because of close similarity with A. spongiosa, identifications are tentative only.
Records: Rowley Shoals 283-84, 470-85 (outer slope, 10-35m)

South Passage, Shark Bay 509-79 (12m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 151-78, 68-88 (2-4m)

FAMILY SIDERASTREIDAE Vaughan & Wells, 1943
GENUS PSEUDOSIDERASTREA Yabe & Sugiyama, 1935

Pseudosiderastrea tayami Yabe & Sugiyama, 1935
Veron and Pichon (1980): 85-89, figs. 144-147, 749.

Uncommon except intertidally at some coastal localities.

Records: Prince Frederick Harbour 229-87
Lacepede Is. 466-83
Broome 491-83 (intertidal)
Dampier Archipelago 784-81
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 821-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

GENUS PSAMMOCORA Dana, 1846

Except for some colonies of P. nierstraszi, coralla are indistinguishable from those of the
Great Barrier Reef.

Psammocora digitata Edwards & Haime, 1851
Veron and Pichon (1976): 30-34, figs. 33-38.
Common in tropical localities (Veron 1986b, p. 271, fig. 2, at the Ningaloo Reefs) where
colonies are indentical to those of the Great Barrier Reef. Rare at the Houtman
Abrolhos Is.
Records: Ashmore Reef 719-86 (lagoon, 0-6m)

Cassini I. 163-77

Scott Reef 230-85, 239-85, 240-85 (reef flat; reef slope)

Rowley Shoals

Dampier Archipelago 229-85, 235-73, 391-78, 392-78, 393-78, 394-78, 395-78 (lagoon 3-4m

and reef front 5-6m)

72

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 583-81, 479-81, 563-81 (back reef)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 450-78, 554-78 (reef flat)

Southern Ningaloo Reefs 376-78, 444-78 (back reef; lagoon 1m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 390-84

Psammocora contigua (Esper, 1797)
Veron and Pichon (1976): 22-25, figs. 13-22

The most common Psammocora of tropical localities; a single colony has been observed
at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. Occurs sometimes as finely branched coralliths at all
localities.

Records: Ashmore Reef 495-86

Cartier Reef 478-86 (reef flat, 0m)

Admiralty Gulf 158-77 (intertidal)

Cockatoo I. 228-85

Scott Reef 226-85 (reef flat)

Rowley Shoals 374-83, 235-85 (outer slope, 16-35m)

Dampier Archipelago 41-72, 227-85, 528-80, 256-73, 585-78, 192-84, 359-78, 231-85,
434-78, 364-84 (reef front, 3-5m)

Passage Is. 474-80 (12m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 172-77, 186-81 (reef flat)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 168-77, 451-78 (reef flat)

Southern Ningaloo Reefs 340-78 (shore reef)

Point Quobba 553-78 (reef flat)

Bernier I. 125-81 (2-4m)

Dorre I. 133-81, 758-81 (0-12m)

Shark Bay 467-79, 765-81 (2-3m)

Dirk Hartog I. 469-79, 470-79, 170-81 (2-5m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 108-88

Psammocora superficialis Gardiner, 1898
Veron and Pichon (1976): 27-28, figs. 25-26.

The most common encrusting Psammocora.

Records: Ashmore Reef 843-86, 730-86 (outer slope, 6-14m)
Scott Reef 234-85 (lagoon)
Rowley Shoals 280-83, 456-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 199-84, 791-81, 236-85, 509-80
Ningaloo Reefs
Shark Bay 714-81 (5-6m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 71-88, 147-88

Psammocora profundacella Gardiner, 1898
Veron and Pichon (1976): 35-37, figs. 41-44

Uncommon throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 723-86, 740-86 (outer slope, 6-14m)

Scott Reef 237-85 (reef slope)

Dampier Archipelago 346-78, 347-78, 349-78, 350-78, 351-78, 352-78, 353-78, 354-78,
164-74, 81-74, 435-78, 504-80, 156-74 (reef front 5-6m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 209-81 (reef flat)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 915-85, 823-85, 934-85 (lagoon, 5-12m; outer slope, 8-20m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 180-74 (1-2m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 380-84

73

Psammocora haimeana Edwards & Haime, 1851

Veron and Pichon (1976): 34-35, figs. 39, 40.

Uncommon throughout the distribution range.

Records: Scott Reef 238-85 (12-15m)
Rowley Shoals 232-85, 233-85, 439-83 (outer slope, 10-35m)
Dampier Archipelago

Ningaloo Reef Tract
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 230-74 (lagoon 1-2m)

Psammocora nierstraszi van der Horst, 1921
Veron and Pichon (1976): 25-27, figs. 23-24.

Rare, recorded only at the Dampier Archipelago and Ashmore Reef.

Records: Ashmore Reef 702-86, 747-86, 735-86, 751-86, 859-86, 875-66, 892-86 (outer slopes,
10-20m)
Dampier Archipelago

Psammocora explanulata van der Horst, 1922

Veron and Pichon (1976): pp. 28-30, figs. 27-32

There are no significant differences between Western Australian coralla and those from
the Great Barrier Reef. This distinctive species is rare in the west.

Records: Ashmore Reef 512-86, 599-86, 704-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Kimberley Coast
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)
Ningaloo Reefs
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 19-87

Psammocora sp. |
An unidentified species, not recorded from eastern Australia.
Record: Northern Ningaloo Reefs 6-83

Psammocora sp. 2
Recorded only from Ashmore Reef.
Record: Ashmore Reef 753-86

GENUS COSCINARAEA Edwards & Haime, 1848

Both extra-tropical Australian species occur on the west coast. Coralla of all species
occurring on both east and west coast are indistinguishable.

Coscinaraea exesa (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 89-91, figs. 148-151, 750.
Common in some tropical localities, rare at the Houtman Abrolhos Is.
Records: Rowley Shoals 363-83 (reef flat)
Dampier Archipelago 371-84, 361-84, 358-84, 362-84
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 926-85 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 389-84, 168-85

74

Coscinaraea columna (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 92-94, figs. 152-157, 751.

Common in some tropical localities, rare at the Houtman Abrolhos Is.

Records: Ashmore Reef 672-86, 689-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Kimberley Coast
Scott Reef V
Dampier Archipelago 244-73, 363-84, 348-78, 245-73, 369-84 (reef front, 5-9m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 558-81 (outer slope, 1-2m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 930-85, 927-85 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Shark Bay 766-81, 768-81 (17-18m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 95-88
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 386-84
Jurien Bay V

Coscinaraea mcneilli Wells, 1962
Veron and Pichon (1980): 94-98, figs. 158-162.

Restricted to temperate coastal localities from the east to the west coast.

Records: Houtman Abrolhos Is. 384-84

Jurien Bay 483-84

Rottnest I. 102-58 (recorded by Wells as paratype of C. marshae), 93-85 (0-3m)

Perth 114-77 (22m)

Fremantle 363-80, 360-80, 361-80, 756-84, 132-73, 191-78, 447-86 (5-12m)

Garden I. 497-77 (33m)

Cockburn Sound 100-58 (recorded by Wells as paratype of C. marshae), 351-79, 446-86
(2-3m)

Bunbury 600-84 (3-6m)

Geographe Bay 52-59, (recorded by Wells as paratype of C. marshae) 317-78, 570-79,
276-73, 190-78, 448-79, 284-73, 112-77 (9-20m)

Starvation Boat Harbour 277-73

King George Sound 367-80, 3-87 (10-12m)

Esperance 417-86 (10m)

Recherche Archipelago 132-85, 127-85 (12-27m)

Coscinaraea marshae Wells, 1962

Wells (1962): 240, pls 17, 18

Veron (1986b): 283, figs. 1-3

Restricted to south-western and South Australia (Shepherd and Veron 1982), this species
has a distribution range unlike any other except Symphyllia wilson. This range
overlaps with that of C. meneilli which has a similar general appearance.

Previous records from Western Australia: Rottnest I. (holotype WAM. 104-58); Geo-
graphe Bay, Wells (1962).

Records: Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 287-78, 63-88 (12m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 224-85, 382-84

Rottnest I. 104-58 (holotype, 3m), 103-58 (paratype), 101-58 (paratype), 166-83, 77-85,
76-85, 72-85, 189-78, 448-86, 451-86 (1-10m)

Geographe Bay 59-59 (paratype), 285-73, 447-79, 111-77, 309-78 (8-20m)

King George Sound 4-87 (10-12m)

Bedford Harbour 450-86 (15m)

Recherche Archipelago 368-77

75

FAMILY AGARICIIDAE Gray, 1847

GENUS PAVONA Lamarck, 1801
There is very little difference, in structure, colour or abundance, between the Pavona of
the east and west coasts.

Pavona cactus (Forskal, 1775)

Veron and Pichon (1980): 8-13, figs. 5-15, 730.

Restricted to NW Shelf reefs where it is very common, colonies having the same range
of variation that occurs on the Great Barrier Reef.

Records: Ashmore Reef 574-86
Seringapatam Reef 315-79 (lagoon, 20m)
Scott Reef 160-85, 165-85 (lagoon; reef slope)
Rowley Shoals V

Pavona decussata (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 13-17, figs. 16-25, 731
Common throughout the distribution range except for the Houtman Abrolhos Is.,
where it is rare.
Records: Ashmore Reef 784-86, 787-86, 801-86, 654-86, 769-86, 786-86, 812-86 (reef flat lagoon,
1-4m)
Cockatoo I. 153-85
Scott Reef 157-85 (lagoon, 9-15m)
Rowley Shoals 265-83 (lagoon, 1-8m)
Dampier Archipelago 246-73, 135-74, 152-85, 343-78, 527-80, 79-74, 248-73, 78-74, 12-72
(intertidal; 0-12m)
Montebello Is. 153-81
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 216-77, 215-77, 88-81, 566-81, 567-81 (reef flat; lagoon, 2-9m)
Point Quobba 319-79 (0-1m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 278-78, 277-78, 286-78, 252-78, 396-77 (2-30m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 154-85, 164-85

Pavona explanulata (Lamarck, 1816)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 17-21, figs. 26-34, 732, 733.
Uncommon over most of the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 291-83, 221-83 (lagoon 1-8m and outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 368-84, 370-84
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 75-81, 214-77, 418-81 (reef flat, lagoon, wall of passage,
12-15m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 945-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Bernier I. 111-81 (2-4m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 280-78, 281-78, 283-78, 145-88 (lagoon, 2-3m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 385-84, 387-84, 161-85

Pavona clavus (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 21-25, figs. 35-40, 734.
Common on NW Shelf reefs, not observed elsewhere. Submassive colonies at Ashmore

Reef may be a different species not recorded elsewhere on the west coast.

76

Records: Ashmore Reef 574-86, 756-86, 858-86 (reef flat, 1-4m)

Cartier Reef 720-86 (outer slope, 8-22m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V

Pavona minuta Wells, 1954

Veron and Pichon (1980): 25-26, figs. 41-46, 733.

Uncommon although conspicuous over most of the distribution range, rare at the
Houtman Abrolhos Is.

Records:

Ashmore Reef V

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals 396-83, 400-83 (lagoon, 9-18m)

Dampier Archipelago 360-84, 106-73, 107-73, 224-74, 133-74, 134-74, 262-73, 357-84,
159-85 (reef edge; reef front)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 217-77, 87-81, 560-81 (reet flat; outer slope, 8-15m)

Southern Ningaloo Reefs 452-78, 453-78 (back reef)

Bernier I. 132-81

Dorre I. 750-81 (0-4m)

Dirk Hartog I. 504-79 (2m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 394-77, 253-78, 254-78, 395-77 (reef Mat; reef
edge, 2m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 900-81, 155-88 (lagoon 1-2m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 292-88 (9m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 391-84

Pavona varians Verrill, 1864

Veron and Pichon (1980): 26-30, figs. 47-54, 735.

Common although cryptic throughout the distribution range. Colonies may exceed 2m
diameter at the Houtman Abrolhos Is.

Records:

Ashmore Reef 680-86, 748-86, 712-86, 885-86, 903-86, 923-86 (outer slope, 6-20m; lagoons
0-6m)

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals V

Dampier Archipelago 367-84, 709-84, 122-73, 158-85, 163-85 (reef front)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 752-81, 753-81, 202-81, 191-81, 572-81 (back reef; lagoon, 2-3m
and outer slope, 6-15m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 951-85, 886-85, 949-85 (lagoon, 5-15m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 284-78, 285-78 (15-24m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 899-81, 138-88 (1m)

Pavona venosa (Fhrenberg, 1834)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 30-33, figs. 55-58, 736.

Uncommon throughout the distribution range.

Records:

Ashmore Reef 793-86, 853-86 (lagoon, 3-5m)
Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals 340-83 (outer slope, 15-30m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 415-81 (lagoon)

Pavona maldivensis (Gardiner, 1905)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 33-36, figs. 59-64, 737.

Rare at the Houtman Abrolhos Is., uncommon elsewhere.

77

Records: Ashmore Reef 604-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 869-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 282-78 (lagoon, 7-12m)

Pavona sp. |

?reviously recorded only from Papua New Guinea (Veron and Kelley in prep.); com-
non at Ashmore Reef but not recorded elsewhere from Australia.

Record: — Ashmore Reef 733-86, 800-86, 811-86, 828-86, 858-86 (lagoon, 0-6m, outer slope, 10-20m)

»>ENUS LEPTOSERIS Edwards & Haime, 1849

Like Pavona, there are few differences between east and west coast Leptoseris except that
lL. papyracea occurs in shallow lagoonal water at Scott Reef, whereas on the GBR it is
restricted to lower reef slopes and inter-reefal areas.

Leptoseris papyracea (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 38-40, figs. 65, 66

Record: Scott Reef 150-85 (lagoon)

Leptoseris explanata Yabe & Sugiyama, 1941
Veron and Pichon (1980): 42-44, figs. 71-82, 738

Uncommon although very distinctive over most of the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 588-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Seringapatam Reef 317-79 (lagoon, 20m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 366-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 219-81, 31-81, 199-81 (wall of passage, 12-15m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 909-85, 933-85, 942-85, 946-85 (lagoon, 5-15m and outer slope,
8-20m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 388-77, 274-78, 390-77 (paratype of L. glabra)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 149-85, 378-84, 388-84

Leptoseris scabra Vaughan, 1907
Veron and Pichon (1980): 48-52, figs. 83-91, 739.
Uncommon over most of the distribution range but is often the most abundant Lep-
toseris in turbid water or under overhangs.
Previous records from Western Australia: Houtman Abrolhos, Dineson (1980)
Records: Ashmore Reef 618-86, 693-86 (outer slope 10-20m)
Scott Reef 142-85, 144-85 (lagoon; outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 143-85, 166-85
Middle Ningaloo Reefs V
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 148-78 (lagoon, 7-12m)
Leptoseris hawaiiensis Vaughan, 1907
Veron and Pichon (1980): 52-57, figs. 92-98, 740
Uncommon over most of the distribution range.
Previous records from Western Australia: Seringapatam Atoll, Dineson (1980).

78

Records: Ashmore Reef 589-86, 624-86, 682-86, 750-86, 816-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Seringapatam Reef 314-79, 316-79 (outer slope, 40m)
Scott Reef 145-85, 146-85, 147-85, 151-85 (outer slope, 15-35m)
Rowley Shoals 438-83, 297-83, 371-83, 389-83 (lagoon, 9-18m and outer slope, 10-35m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 37-81, 69-81 (wall of passage, 5-12m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 824-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 148-85, 293-85

Leptoseris mycetoseroides Wells, 1954
Veron and Pichon (1980): 57-60 figs. 99-103, 741.
Relatively common throughout the distribution range but is often crypuc, especially
under overhangs where colonies may resemble P. varians. Such colonies may exceed 2m
diameter.
Previous records from Western Australia: Houtman Abrolhos (WAM. 389-77, 498-77)
Dineson (1980).
Records: Ashmore Reef 625-86, 629-86, 632-86, 648-86, 652-86, 653-86 (lagoons, outer slopes)
Scott Reef 169-85, 241-85 (outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 288-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Northern Ningaloo Reels 80-81, 81-81, 82-81, 74-81, 218-81, 83-81 (wall of passage,
12-15m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 872-85, 805-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 17-81, 405-81, 404-81, 401-81, 402-81, 403-81, 398-81 (9-18m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 288-78, 273-78, 389-77, 498-77, (15-3 lm)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 61-88
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 381-84, 383-84, 156-85, 225-85

Leptoseris yabei (Pillai & Scheer, 1976)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 61-65, figs. 104-114, 743, 744.
Rare at the Houtman Abrolhos Is., sometimes common on upper reef slopes elsewhere.

Records: Ashmore Reef 783-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef 140-85 (reef slope)
Rowley Shoals 420-83 (lagoon, 9-18m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 73-81 (wall of passage, 12-15m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 892-85, 887-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 162-85

Leptoseris foliosa Dinesen, 1980

Dinesen (1980): 199, pl. 14

Veron and Pichon, 1980: 65-68, figs. 112-120 (as L. tenuis van der Horst, 1921)
Rare, cryptic, restricted to lower slopes.

Records: Ashmore Reef 487-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef
Ningaloo Reefs
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 85-88
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 128-88

Leptoseris incrustans (Quelch, 1886)
Dineson (1980): 191, pl. 3, figs. 1-2.

Records: Ashmore Reef 656-86 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Scott Reef 141-85, 20-87
Seringapatam Reef 313-79

79

GENUS GARDINEROSERIS Scheer & Pillai, 1974
Gardineroseris planulata (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 68-72, figs. 121-125, 745
Usually uncommon over the full distribution range.
Records: Ashmore Reef 541-86 (lagoon, 0-18m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago 155-85, 359-84, 366-84
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 868-85, 893-85, 854-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

GENUS COELOSERIS Vaughan, 1918

Coeloseris mayeri Vaughan, 1918

Veron and Pichon (1980): 72-76, figs. 126-130, 746

Usually uncommon.

Records: Ashmore Reef 833-86, 912-86, 917-86, 932-86 (reef flats, outer slopes)
Scott Reef 563-85 (lagoon, 5-7m)
Rowley Shoals 432-83, 269-83 (reef flat; lagoon, 2-8m)

GENUS PACHYSERIS Fdwards & Haime, 1849
There are no significant differences between east and west coast Pachyseris.
Pachyseris rugosa (Lamarck, 1801)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 76-81, figs. 131-137, 747.
Common throughout the distribution range. Colonies may consist primarily of upright
fronds or explanate plates (Veron 1986b, p. 312, fig. 1, at Scott Reef) as they do on the
Great Barrier Reef.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef 167-85 (lagoon 5-7m)
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago 341-78 (6-9m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 42-81, 449-81, 206-77 (outer slope, 3-6m)

Pachyseris speciosa (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 81-84, figs. 138-143, 748.
Very common throughout the distribution range and may be a dominant of lower reef
slopes or form extensive monospecific stands.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 418-83 (lagoon, 9-18m)
Dampier Archipelago 153-74, 95-74 (reef front, 8-30m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 52-81, 155-81, 205-77, 204-77 (reef flat; wall of passage, 9-15m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 391-77, 392-77, 431-77, 175-78, 176-78, (8-3lm)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V

80

FAMILY FUNGIIDAE Dana, 1846

| GENUS CYCLOSERIS Edwards & Haime, 1849

Because most species of Cycloseris are seldom encountered, it is likely that the present
| records are incomplete.
Cycloseris cyclolites (Lamarck, 1801)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 108-110, figs. 171-174, 753
Seldom seen except on horizontal soft substrates between reefs or in deep lagoons, but
may be very abundant in such areas.

Previous records from Western Australia: Broome; 42-45 miles WSW of Cape Jaubert,
| 66-70ft (20-21m) (as Fungza cyclolites) Folkeson (1919).

Records: Ashmore Reef 507-86 (outer slope, 12-20m)
Cartier Reef 571-86 (20m)
Admiralty Gulf 17-78, 462-86 (beach drift)
Cape Voltaire 16-78
Vansittart Bay 463-86 (beach drift)
Lacepede Is. 458-83
off Lagrange Bay 464-86 (22-45m)
Dampier Archipelago 201-85, 985-79, 47-72, 453-86, 454-86, 460-86 (0-5m)
Passage Is. 46-81 (12m)
Dorre I. 757-81 (12m)
Shark Bay 2-78, 688-81, 110-84, 455-86, 456-86, 457-86, 458-86, 459-86, 461-86 (12-25m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 488-79 (4-5m)
Cycloseris costulata (Ortmann, 1889)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 110-112, figs. 175-177
Seldom seen except in some deep lagoons where it may be abundant.
Records: Ashmore Reef 762-86 (18-20m)

Scott Reef 178-85
Rowley Shoals 387-83, 262-83, 485-84, 403-83, 222-85 (lagoon, 6-18m)

Cycloseris patelliformis (Boschma, 1923)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 115-116, figs. 184-187.
Rare (Veron 1986b, p. 325, fig. 1, at Dampier Arcnipelago), occurs in deep water only.

Records: Dampier Archipelago V
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 219-78, 508-81, 218-85 (35m)

Cycloseris vaughani (Boschma, 1923)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 116-118, figs. 188-191

Rare, occurs in deep water only.
Records: Ashmore Reef 775-86 (outer slope, 6-14m)

Cartier Reef 536-86 (20m)

Scott Reef 221-85 (lagoon)

Rowley Shoals 220-85 (lagoon, 6m)
Cycloseris noumeae Hoeksema and Best, 1984
Described as Cantharellus noumeae by Hoeksema & Best from New Caledonia and also
found along the northern Australian and southern Papua New Guinean coasts, where it
may be common in restricted areas between reefs or in sandy lagoons.

Records: Rowley Shoals 172-85 (lagoon, 9-18m)
81

Cycloseris sinensis Edwards and Haime, 1851

This species is the most common Cycloseris in the Motupore I. region of southern
Papua New Guinea but has not been previously recorded from Australia.

Records: Ashmore Reef 752-86, 757-86, 929-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)

Cycloseris marginata (Boschma, 1923)

Veron and Pichon (1980): 118-119, figs. 192, 193.

This species is rare throughout its range and has only been recorded from Ashmore
Reef on the west coast.

Record: Ashmore Reef 764-86 (outer slope, 6-14m)

GENUS DIASERIS Edwards & Haime, 1849
As with Cycloseris, the rarity of Diaseris makes it likely that present records are
incomplete.
Diaseris distorta (Michelin, 1843)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 121-123, figs. 194-196.
Rare, occurs only on soft substrates in deep water.
Records: Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 161-78, 217-78 (33-35m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 174-85, 199-85
Diaseris fragilis Alcock, 1893
Veron and Pichon (1980): 123-125, figs. 197-201.
Rare, occurs only on soft substrates in deep water or in turbid lagoons, but may be
abundant in such areas.
Records: Shark Bay 465-86 (11m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 218-78 (33m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 81-88

GENUS HELIOFUNGIA Wells, 1966

Heliofungia actiniformis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833)

Veron and Pichon (1980): 125-128, figs. 202-205, 754

Very abundant on NW Shelf reefs, especially in lagoons.
Records: Ashmore Reef 364-79, 779-86 (lagoon, 15m)

Scott Reef 185-85 (lagoon, 5-8m)
Admiralty Gulf 21-78

GENUS FUNGIA Lamarck, 1801

Of all major genera, Fungia is the most restricted to tropical waters. In eastern Aust-
ralia, only F. scutaria is abundant in higher latitudes (Elizabeth and Middleton Reefs).
On the west coast, only a single specimen, of F. repanda, has been recorded from the
Houtman Abrolhos Islands. There are usually few, if any, differences between coralla
from the two regions.

82

Fungia fungites (Linnaeus, 1758)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 129-132, figs. 206-213, 755, 757.

Common throughout range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 915-86, 930-86

Troughton I. 216-85

Cassini I. 19-78

Cape Voltaire 20-78

Cockatoo I. 215-85

Seringapatam Reef 371-79 (lagoon, 20m)

Scott Reef 186-85, 187-85, 207-85, 194-85, 219-85 (reef slope)

Rowley Shoals 352-83, 236-83, 263-83, 361-83, 22-84 (reef flat; lagoon, 1-8m and outer
slope, 15-30m)

Dampier Archipelago 306-84, 405-78, 404-78, 403-78 (lagoon, 3-4m)

Montebello Is. 39-59, 40-59, 388-80 (lagoon, 2-4m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 202-77, 222-77, 524-81, 523-81, 533-81 (reef flat; back reef;
lagoon 6-9m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 226-77 (reef flat)

Fungia scruposa Klunzinger, 1879
Veron and Pichon (1980): 137-139, figs. 222-225.
Rare.

Records: Ashmore Reef 928-86, 939-86, 3-88 (lagoon)
Scott Reef V
Dampier Archipelago 193-85

Fungia horrida Dana, 1846
Veron and Pichon (1980): 139-143, figs. 226-231.

Usually uncommon but may be abundant in restricted areas.

Records: Ashmore Reef 810-86, 906-86 (lagoon 8-22m)
Scott Reef 203-85 (outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 423-83, 391-83 (lagoon 9-18m)

Fungia valida Verrill, 1864
Veron and Pichon (1980): 143-144, figs. 232, 233

This species is common at Ashmore Reef but has not been recorded elsewhere on the
WeSL Coast.
Record: Ashmore Reef 522-86, 886-86, 4-88 (lagoon, 0-20m)

Fungia klunzingeri Doderlein, 1901
Veron and Pichon (1980): 144-145, figs. 234-238.

Usually uncommon.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Rowley Shoals 227-83, 229-83 (lagoon 1-8m)

Fungia repanda Dana, 1846
Veron and Pichon (1980): 146-150, figs. 239-244.

Common throughout the distribution range except for the Houtman Abrolhos Is. where
only a single specimen has been observed. This is the only record of Fungia at the

Houtman Abrolhos Is.
83

Records: Ashmore Reef 673-86, 773-86, 586-86, 882-86, 791-86, 802-86, 826-86 (outer slopes, reef
flats, lagoons)
Admiralty Gulf 143-77 (intertidal)
Koolan I. 214-85 (intertidal)
King Sound 212-85
Scott Reef 204-85, 210-85 (reef slope, lagoon, 5-8m)
Rowley Shoals 407-83, 424-83, 390-83 (lagoon, 9-18m)
Dampier Archipelago 205-85, 209-85
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 895-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 30-88 (21m)

Fungia concinna Verrill, 1864
Veron and Pichon (1980): 150-153, figs. 245-250.
Common throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 697-86, 772-86 (lagoon 0-8m)
Kimberley coast
Scott Reef 211-85 (lagoon 5-7m)
Dampier Archipelago 304-84, 192-85
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 954-85, 855-85, 944-85 (lagoon 5-12m)
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 389-78 (back reef)

Fungia granulosa Klunzinger, 1879

Veron and Pichon (1980): 156-159, figs. 257-263.

Common in restricted areas within the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 881-86 (reef flat, 1-41)
Scott Reef 176-85, 177-85, 179-85, 180-85, 181-85, 189-85 (lagoon, 6-15m)
Rowley Shoals 175-85, 206-85 (outer slope, 10-30m)

Fungia scutaria Lamarck, 1801
Veron and Pichon (1980): 159-162, figs. 264-268.
Common throughout the distribution range.
Records: Ashmore Reef 631-86 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Scott Reef 173-85, 188-85 (reef slope; lagoon 5-8m)
Rowley Shoals 430-83 (reef flat)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 223-77, 224-77, 225-77, 531-81, 541-81, 30-81, 550-81 (reef flat;
lagoon, 1-5m and outer slope, 8-1 1m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 77-72
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 552-78, 386-78 (lagoon, 2m)
Fungia paumotensis Stutchbury, 1833
Veron and Pichon (1980): 162-165, figs. 269-272
Sometimes common.
Records: Ashmore Reef 696-86 (outer slope, 10-30m)
Scott Reef 190-85, 208-85 (outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 191-85 (lagoon, 9-18m)
Ashburton Reef 213-85 (intertidal)

Fungia echinata (Pallas, 1766)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 169-172, figs. 283-289.
Common throughout the distribution range.

84

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef 242-85, 202-85 (lagoon 5-8m, reef slope)
Cape Voltaire 164-77
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 529-81 (lagoon, 6-9m)

Fungia simplex (Gardiner, 1905)
Herpetoglossa simplex, Veron and Pichon (1980): 173-176, figs. 290-293.

Usually uncommon.
Previous records from Western Australia: Broome (as Herpolitha simplex) Folkeson

(1919).

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 868-81
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)
Ningaloo Reefs

GENUS HERPOLITHA Eschscholtz, 1825
Herpolitha limax (Houttuyn, 1772)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 178-180, figs. 294-299
Common throughout the distribution range.
Records: Ashmore Reef 715-86, 738-86 (lagoon, 0-8m)
Scott Reef 196-85 (reef slope)
Admiralty Gulf 159-77 (intertidal)
Cape Voltaire 165-77
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago 496-80, 390-78, 171-85, 382-79, 105-74, 104-74, 271-73 (intertidal;
0-10m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 525-81, 527-81, 521-81, 208-77, 207-77 (lagoon, 3-9m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 896-85 (lagoon, 12-15m)
Herpolitha weberi (van der Horst, 1921)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 180-182, figs. 300-304
Probably rare. Can be readily confused with immature H. limax from which it is much
less readily distinguished than in other regions where these species occur together.

Records: Ashmore Reef 709-86 (reef flat)
Cape Voltaire 170-85
Rowley Shoals 428-83 (lagoon, 9-18m)

GENUS POLYPHYLLIA Quoy & Gaimard, 1833
Polyphyllia talpina (Lamarck, 1801)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 183-186, figs. 305-310
Previous record from Western Australia: 45 miles WSW of Cape Jaubert (as P. producta)
Folkeson (1919).
Common throughout the distribution range.
Records: Ashmore Reef 799-86 (10-12m)
Admiralty Gulf 160-177 (intertidal)
Cockatoo I. 624-79

85

Yampi Sound 166-86

Sermeapatam Reel 365-79 (lagoon, 20m)

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals 184-85, 197-85, 198-85, 255-83 (lagoon, 2-8m and outer slope, |-5m)
Dampicr Archipelago 103-74, 272-73, 383-78, 381-79, 382-78, 384-78 (4-5m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs V

GENUS SANDALOLITHA QOuelch, 1884

Sandalolitha robusta (Quclch, 1886)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 190-193, figs. 315-320,

Common throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scout Rech 182-85 (lagoon 5-8m)
Rowley Shoals V
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 528-81 (lagoon 6-9)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs V

GENUS LEEPHOPAYLLON Rehberg, 1892

Lithophyllon edwardsi (Rousseau, 1854)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 195-196, figs. 321-325, 758.
Uncommon but sometimes very conspicuous, Although colonies of this species on the
Great Barrier Reet are less than 80mm diameter, they may be several m in diameter in
other geographic regions, including western Australia (Veron L986b, p. 358, 359, figs. |
2 at Dampier Archipelago). Skeletal structures show no geographic variation. Polyps
may be extended during the day.
Records: Ashmore Reel V

Sermeapatam Reel 317-79

Scott Reef 1835-85 (lagoon 5-8)

Dampier Archipelago 307-81, 308-84, 194-78, 99-74, 154-74, 565-78, 562-78, 158-74,

566-78, 563-78 (reel front)
Passage Is. d86-81, 485-81, 187-81 (2-5)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 912-85, 831-85, 568-78 (lagoon, 5-12 and outer slope, 8-20m)

’

GENUS PODABACIA Edwards & Haime, 1849
Podabacia crustacea (Pallas, 1766)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 197-200, figs, 324-327.
Common throughout the distribution range.
Records: Ashmore Reef 637-86
Admiralty Gulf 139-77 (intertidal)
Scout Reef V
Rowley Shoals 435-83, 279-83 (outer slope, 10-351)
Dampier Archipelago 564-78, 565-78, 566-78, 377-78, 305-84, 379-78, 247-73, 157-74,
378-78, 305-84, 200-85 (lagoon, 3-4m and reef slope, 3-7m)
Northern Ningaloo Reels 41-81, 457-81 (lagoon 2-3m, and outer slope, 8-1 1m)

86

FAMILY OCULINIDAE Gray, 1847

GENUS GALAXEA Oken, 1815

Galaxea astreata (Lamarck, 1816)

Veron and Pichon (1980): 201-204, figs. 328-336, 759, 760.

Very common throughout the distribution range and may form colonies several m in
diameter. Columnar growth forms are more common on the west coast than on the
Great Barrier Reef.

Records:

Ashmore Reef V

Admiralty Gulf 140-77 (intertidal)

King Sound 513-85 (beach drift)

Scout Reef V

Rowley Shoals V

Dampier Archipelago V

Montebello Is. 389-80 (lagoon, 2-3m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 254-77, 464-81, 448-81, 68-81, 253-77 (reef flat; lagoon, 6-9m
and outer slope, 2-6m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 556-78 (reef flat)

Galaxea fascicularis (Linnaeus, 1767)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 204-210, figs. 336-347, 761, 762.

Very common throughout the distribution range and frequently forms colonies several
m diameter in deep or turbid water.

Records:

Ashmore Reef V

Admiralty Gulf 514-85 (beach drift)

Cockatoo I. 515-85

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals 419-83 (lagoon, 9-18m)

Dampier Archipelago 356-78, 108-73, 109-73, 110-73, 111-73, 159-74, 387-78, 388-78, 53-72
(reef front, 1-6m)

Montebello Is. 376-80, 378-80 (3-4m)

Lowendal Is. 45-59 (beach drift)

Onslow 47-59 (beach drift)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 447-81, 59-78, 44-81, 58-78, 60-78, 61-78, 62-78, 63-78 (reef Hat;
lagoon, 1-5m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 57-78 (reef flat)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 267-78 (lagoon, 18m)

GENUS ACRHELIA Edwards & Haime, 1849
On both east and west coasts, Acrhelia is the most intolerant of turbid water of all
scleractinian genera. On the west coast it does not occur in any coastal locality.

Acrhelia horrescens (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 212-215, figs. 348-357, 763.

Common on NW Shelf reef lagoons, unknown from coastal localities.

Records:

Ashmore Reef 587-86 (reef flat, 1-4m)
Scott Reef 576-85 (lagoon, 9-18m)
Rowley Shoals 469-83, 412-83 (lagoon, 9-18m)

87

FAMILY PECTINIIDAE Vaughan & Wells, 1943

GENUS ECHINOPHYLLIA Klunzinger, 1879
Except fov plate-like FE. orpheensis at the Houtman Abrolhos Islands, there is little
difference between the Echinophyllia of the Great Barrier Reef and west coast.

Echinophyllia aspera (Ellis & Solander, 1786)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 298-301, figs. 515-521, 800-802.

Common throughout the full distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef V

Seringapatam Reef 369-79 (outer slope, 40m)

Scott Reef 561-85 (lagoon, 9-18m)

Dampier Archipelago

Montebello Is.

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 337-77, 340-77, 338-77, 339-77, 24-81, 85-81, 475-81, 341-77 (reef
flat, lagoon, 3-9m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 581-78 (1m)

Dorre I. 800-81 (0-5m)

Dirk Hartog I. 502-79 (6m)

North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 349-77

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 398-77, 491-85, 408-77, 201-74, 488-85, 143-78,
141-78, 149-78, 150-78, 150-88 (3-30m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 51-73, 894-81, 402-77, 404-77, 56-73, 16-73, 43-88,
72-88 (reef flat; lagoon, 1-3m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 324-77, 343-77 (back reef; channel, 4-5m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 560-85, 263-84, 259-84, 261-84

Echinophyllia orpheensis Veron & Pichon, 1980
Veron and Pichon (1980): 302-307, figs. 522-534, 803, 804.
Usually uncommon. Forms explanate plates at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. with out-
wardly inclined corallites.
Records: Ashmore Reef 613-86 (lagoon, 0-6m)

Scott Reef 572-85, 565-85 (lagoon 5-8m)

Rowley Shoals V

Passage I. 615-81 (2-5m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs V

Southern Ningaloo Reefs V

Bernier I. 806-81 (2-4m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 289-78

Faster Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V

Echinophyllia echinata (Saville-Kent, 1871)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 307-310, figs. 535-538.
Recorded on the west coast only from Ashmore Reef, where it is unusually common.

Records: Ashmore Reef 525-86

GENUS OXYPORA Saville-Kent, 1871

Oxypora lacera (Verrill, 1864)

Veron and Pichon (1980): 314-318, figs. 546-558, 807-810
Common throughout the full distribution range.

88

Records: eae Reef 503-86, 516-86, 610-86, 636-87, 688-86, 687-86 (outer slopes, lagoons,
-14m
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 301-83, 341-83 (outer slope, 15-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 100-74, 576-78, 577-78, 578-78, 579-78 (2-4m)
Montebello Is. 491-81, 492-81, 496-81 (lagoon 2-4m)
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 435-81 (2-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 331-77, 467-81, 470-81 (lagoon, 2-9m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 330-77 (reef flat)
South Passage, Shark Bay 503-79 (15m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 409-77, 490-85, 399-77, 177-78, 142-78, 467-86,
406-77, 144-78, 145-78, 146-78, 147-78 (2-30m)
Easter Group (Houtunan Abrolhos Is.) 405-77, 397-77, 84-88 (9-12m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 329-77 (6-10m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 564-85, 260-84

Oxypora glabra Nemenzo, 1959

Veron and Pichon (1980): 318-319, figs. 559-563

Much more abundant on the west coast than on the east. Colonies tend to form thin
plates similar to those of O. lacera (Veron 1986b, p. 381, figs. 1, 2 at Rowley Shoals and
Houtman Abrolhos Is. respectively) and distinctions between these species are not as
clear as they are in other geographic regions including the Great Barrier Reef and the
Philippines.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scout Reef V
Rowley Shoals 264-84, 265-85, 453-83, 401-83, 553-85 (lagoon, 9-18m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 474-81 (lagoon, 6-9m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 223-78 (lagoon, 18m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 400-77 (2-3m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 342-77, 344-77 (4-5m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 262-84, 558-85

GENUS MYCEDIUM Oken, 1815

Mycedium elephantotus (Pallas, 1766)

Veron and Pichon (1980): 320-325, figs. 564-582, 811-813.

Common throughout the full distribution range and very polymorphic in all localities.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 444-83 (outer slope, 10-30m)
Dampier Archipelago 506-80, 507-80, 582-78, 505-80, 574-78, 575-78, 580-78 (2-4m)
Passage Is. 490-81 (2-5m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 473-81 (lagoon, 6-9m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 430-77 (20m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 403-77, 401-77 (2-3m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 319-77, 321-77 (4-5m)

Mycedium robokaki Moll and Borel Best, 1984
Moll and Borel Best (1984): 56-58, figs. 10, 11.

Recorded on the west coast only from Ashmore Reef, where it is common.
Record: Ashmore Reef 475-86, 492-86, 509-86, 517-86, 736-86 (lagoon, 0-6m, outer slope, 6-20m)

89

GENUS PECTINIA Oken, 1815
Pectinia lactuca (Pallas, 1766)
Veron and Pichon (1980); 330-331, figs. 583-585, 814-816.
The most common Pectinia of coastal Western Australia. Colonies frequently exceed Im
diameter.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago 525-78, 526-78 (reef flat)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 326-77, 6-81 (reef flat; lagoon)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 550-78, 327-77 (rect flat)
Pectinia paeonia (Dana, 18416)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 331-333, figs. 586-595, 817, 818.
Common throughout most of the distribution range.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Cockatoo I. 325-77
Scott Reef V
Dampier Archipelago 527-78, 291-84, 289-84, 288-81, 524-78, 270-73 (reef slope, 2-9m)
Montebello Is. 44-59, 370-80 (1-8m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 564-81, 5-81 (lagoon 2-9m)
Pectinia alcicornis (Saville-Kent, 1871)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 335-341, figs. 596-604, 819-821.
Uncommon, occurs only on NW Shelf reefs.
Records: Ashmore Reef 665-86, 826-86 (lagoon, outer slope)
Seringapatam Reef 363-79, 368-79 (lagoon, 20m)
Pectinia teres Nemenzo, 1981
Uncommon, occurs only on NW Shelf reefs (Veron 1986b, p. 389, fig. 1, at the Rowley
Shoals). Vhere is little difference between these coralla and those from the Philippines.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef 575-85, 554-85 (lagoon, 6-7m)
Rowley Shoals 202-83, 218-83, 395-83, 557-85 (lagoon, |-18m)

FAMILY MUSSIDAE Ortmann, 1890

GENUS BLASTOMUSSA Wells, 1961
Except for the rare occurrence of B. merleti at the Dampier Archipelago, the genus has
only been found in Western Australia at the Houtman Abrolhos Islands.

Blastomussa merleti (Wells, 1961)
Veron and Pichon (1980); 234-236, figs. 392-394, 767.
Uncommon, usually forming small green-centred colonies on lower reef slopes (Veron
1986b, p. 392, fig. 1, at the Houtman Abrolhos Is.)
Records: Dampier Archipelago 418-84
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 454-77, 121-88 (12m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 416-84, 417-84, 254-85

90

Blastomussa wellsi Wijsman-Best, 1973
Veron and Pichon (1980): 236-238, figs. 395, 768, 769.

Alecter strril ae - ¥
In Western Australia known only from the Houtman Abrolhos Is. where it is usually
uncommon and restricted to turbid environments. Colonies are green in colour and ae
plocoid rather than phaceloid.

Records: Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 135-88
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 252-85, 253-85, 255-85, 257-85, 419-85

GENUS SCOLYMIA Haime, 1852

Scolymia australis (K.dwards & Haime, 1849)

Veron and Pichon (1980): 250-252, figs. 425, 775.

Restricted to the southern coastline from cast to west coasts, a distribution similar to
that of Coscinaraea meneilli. Usually uncommon throughout this range.

Previous records from Western Australia: South-western Australia (as /Tomoplyllia
australis) Wells (1962); Rottnest L, Garden L, Point Peron, Triggs Bay (Trigg 1.) (as
Homophyllia australis) Wells (1964).

Records: Rottnest I. 244-85
Fremantle 55-72 (7m)
Cockburn Sound 163-78, 467-78 (3-dim)
Garden IT. 245-85
Cape Peron 119-58, 120-58 (2-7m)
Flinders Bay (Augusta) 357-79
Point d'Entrecasteaux 34-43
Denmark 1-78 (2m)
King George Sound 366-80, 2-87 (10-12m)
Cheyne Beach 246-85
Hopetoun 418-86 (7-9m)
Duke of Orleans Bay 217-85

GENUS AUSTRALOMUSSA Veron, 1985

This distinctive genus is unknown on the Great Barrier Rect.

Australomussa rowleyensis Veron, 1985

Veron (1985): 171-175, figs. 23-25.

Rare throughout the distribution range except Lor restricted biotopes of N Legendre TF.
(Dampier Archipelago) (Veron 1986b, p. 405, 406, figs. I, 3, 4,5, at the Rowley Shoals
and Dampier Archipelago). Colonies are small, flat, dark green and grey at Rowley
Shoals and large, dome-shaped and medium grey at Dampier Archipelago.

Previous records from Western Australia: Dampier Archipelago (WAM 171-84, holo-
type); Rowley Shoals; Houtman Abrolhos, all Veron (1985)

Records: Ashmore Reef 818-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scout Reef 251-85 (lagoon)
Rowley Shoals 172-84 (paratype) 512-84, 577-85, 468-86, 469-86, 170-86, 171-86 (lagoon
8-18m)
Dampier Archipelago 171-84 (holotype) 513-84, 514-84, 993-85, 976-85,
979-85, 980-85, 981-85 (17m)

977-85, 978-85,

9)

GENUS ACANTHASTREA Edwards & haime, 1848

Acanthastrea echinata (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 253-257, figs. 432-439, 776-778.
Common on most reef slopes throughout the distribution range. Usually grey or brown
but may be colourful.
Records: Ashmore Reef 832-86 (outer slope, 6-14m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 443-83, 284-83 (outer slope, 10-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 258-85, 303-84, 790-81 (2-6m)
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 590-81 (2-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 229-77 (reef flat)
Dorre I. 864-81 (0-4m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 166-78, 450-77 (1-30m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 451-77, 455-77, 122-88 (1-3m)

Acanthastrea hillae Wells, 1955
Veron and Pichon (1980): 257-260, figs. 440-448, 779-781.
Uncommon except at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. This species is also uncommon in
tropical localities of eastern Australia, but whereas it has a wide range of colours in the
east, there is little variation in the west, most colonies being creamy green or brown
(Veron 1986b, p. 408, fig. 2) and these usually have relatively coarse skeletal structures
with a tendency to become sub-meanroid.
Records: Middle Ningaloo Reefs 923-85 (outer slope, 8-20m)

Dorre I. 799-81 (0-5m)

Dirk Hartog I. 391-81 (2m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 448-77, 226-78, 227-78, 228-78, 447-77, 58-88

(5-31m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 446-77, 449-77 (1m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 252-77 (4-5m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 419-84, 421-84, 422-84, 423-84, 424-84, 425-84, 426-84, 427-84,

707-84, 250-85, 975-85

Acanthastrea bowerbanki Edwards & Haime, 1851
Veron and Pichon (1980): 260-264, figs. 449-454, 781-784.
This species is rare on the Great Barrier Reef and is only known from a single western
Australian locality.
Record: Ashmore Reef 865-86
Acanthastrea lordhowensis Veron & Pichon, 1982

Veron and Pichon (1982): 138.
Acanthastrea sp. Veron and Pichon (1980): 264-266, figs. 455, 456.

Rare except in isolated biotopes.
Record: Dampier Archipelago 786-81, 517-78, 512-78 (2-3m)

GENUS LOBOPHYLLIA de Blainville, 1830

Lobophyllia hemprichii (Ehrenberg, 1834)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 266-274, figs. 457-471, 785-791.

Previous records from Western Australia: King Sound; Troughton I. (as L. costata)
Matthai (1928).

92

Common and very variable in colour and growth form throughout the full distribution
range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 540-86, 717-86, 787-86 (lagoon, outer slopes)
Cape Voltaire 505-84, 29-78
Cockatoo I. 259-85
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago 46-72, 96-74, 505-78, 492-80, 146-74, 548-78 (outer slope, 2-8m)
Montebello Is. 165-81, 154-81 (1-4m)
Passage Is. 613-81, (2-5m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 559-81, 258-77, 593-81, 478-81, 48-78, 49-78, 557-81, 216-81,

207-81, 256-77, 257-77, 259-77, 41-78, 555-81 (reef flat; back reef and lagoon, 2-5m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 85-72, 849-85 (reef flat; lagoon, 5-12m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 376-79, 214-74, 197-74 (lagoon, 1-2m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 456-77
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 260-85, 261-85, 262-85, 255-77, 196-77 (3-8m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 445-84

Lobophyllia corymbosa (Forskal, 1775)

Veron and Pichon (1980): 274-277, figs. 472-475, 791-793.

Uncommon. There is less difference between this species and L. hemprichii at all
western localities than on the east coast. This is primarily because septal dentations are
less easily contrasted. The present identifications are therefore provisional only.

Previous records from Western Australia: King Sound, Matthai (1928).

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Kimberley Coast
Dampier Archipelago 493-80
Barrow I. & Lowendal Is.
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 870-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is.

Lobophyllia hataii Yabe, Sugiyama & Eguchi, 1936

Veron and Pichon (1980): 279-282, figs. 482-487, 795

Uncommon throughout most of the distribution range but more abundant than on the
east coast.

Records Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 334-83 (outer slope, 15-30m)
Dampier Archipelago 256-85, 268-73
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 578-81 (outer slope, 8-1 1m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 804-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 238-78, 239-78 (1-21m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 17-73 (0-1m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 420-84

Lobophyllia diminuta Veron, 1985
Veron (1985): 165-167, figs. 16, 17

A rare species in both eastern and western Australia.
Record: Middle Ningaloo Reefs 849-85

93

GENUS SYMPHYLLIA Edwards & Haime, 1848

Except for S. wilsoni, there is little difference between the Symphyllia of the west coast
and the Great Barrier Reef.

Symphyllia wilsoni Veron, 1985
Veron (1985): 167-171, figs. 18-22
A distinctive species restricted to south-western Australia. Seldom found with other
corals; rare at the Houtman Abrolhos Is., most commonly found on kelp- or Sargassum-
dominated coastal exposed rock surfaces (Veron 1986b, p. 421, figs. 2-4). Only Coscin-
araca marshae has a similar distribution range, although habitat preferences are diff-
erent.
Previous records from Western Australia: Houtman Abrolhos (WAM 168-84, holotype);
Port Denison; Port Gregory; Shark Bay and Geographe Bay, all Veron (1985).
Records: Dorre [853-81 (0-4m)
Shark Bay 400-81
Dirk Hartog I. 394-81, 396-81 (2-12m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 393-81 (9m)
Port Gregory 982-85, 598-84, 515-84 (1-2m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 179-78 (30m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 168-84 (holotype) (8m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 243-85, 521-84 (1-2m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 983-85, 516-84
Port Denison 169-84 (paratype) 9m, 170-84 (paratype) 12m, 248-85
Jurien Bay 75-85
Grey 181-88 (3-6m)
Perth 63-85 (2-3m)
Rottnest I. 92-85, 188-78, 173-74 (0-5m)
Cockburn Sound 294-85, 460-78 (3-4m)
Geographe Bay 51-59, 57-59, 54-59, 306-78, 124-77, 304-78, 305-78, 67-81 (6-20m)
Bremer Bay 409-86 (beach drift)
Symphyllia recta (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 292-289, figs. 488-494, 796.
Usually common throughout most of the distribution range.
Previous records from Western Australia: King Sound, Matthai (1928).
Records: Ashmore Reef
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 222-83, 241-83, 261-83 (lagoon, 1-8m)
Dampier Archipelago
Symphyllia radians Edwards & Haime, 1849
Veron and Pichon (1980): 289-290, figs. 495-502, 797.
Common throughout the distribution range.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 46-78 (2m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 501-78
Symphyllia agaricia Edwards & Haime, 1849
Veron and Pichon (1980): 290-293, figs. 503-510, 798.
Common throughout the distribution range.

94

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 384-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 267-73, 147-74 (outer slope)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 422-8] (lagoon, 6-7m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 156-88, 157-88

Symphyllia valenciennesii Edwards & Haime, 1849
Veron and Pichon (1980): 293-296, figs. 511-514, 799.
Uncommon, but more common than on the Great Barrier Reef.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 219-83 (lagoon, 1-8m)
Dampier Archipelago 266-73 (2-3m)

FAMILY MERULINIDAE Verrill, 1866

GENUS HYDNOPHORA Fischer de Waldheim, 1807
Hydnophora rigida (Dana, 1846)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 124-129, figs. 238-244.
Common throughout the distribution range. Colonies from NW Shelf reefs, which form
stands, have a wider range of growth forms than occurs on the Great Barrier Reef. A
second branching Hydnophora species may be present.
Records: Ashmore Reef 573-86, 564-86, 572-86, 573-86, 643-86, 916-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago 396-78
Montebello Is. 620-81 (3-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 10-81, 334-77, 461-81, 335-77 (reef flat; back reef)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 332-77, 333-77, 339-78 (reef flat; back reef, 2-3m)
Hydnophora pilosa Veron, 1985
Veron (1985): 176-179, figs. 26-28.
Common at the Houtman Abrolhos Is., uncommon elsewhere.
Previous records from Western Australia: Houtman Abrolhos (WAM 175-84, paratype);
Dampier Archipelago (WAM 176-84, paratype); Shark Bay; Ningaloo Reefs, all Veron
(1985).
Records: Ashmore Reef
Scott Reef V
Dampier Archipelago 176-84 (paratype, 12m) 160-74, 517-84, (outer slope, 2-8m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 336-77 (2m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 175-84 (paratype) (28m)

Hydnophora exesa (Pallas, 1766)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 129-134, figs. 247-254.
Common throughout the distribution range.

Previous records from Western Australia: Roebuck Bay, Matthai (1928).

95

Records: Ashmore Reef 739-86 (lagoon, 2-13m)

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals V

ampier Archipelago 9-72, 250-73, 253-84, 397-78, 398-78, 399-78, 400-78, 401-78, 402-78,
161-74, 91-74, 518-85 (0-5m)

Passage Is. 618-81 (2-5m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 494-81, 60-81, 227-77 (1-6m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 558-78, 938-81 (back reef, 2-3m)

Shark Bay 490-79 (2-3m)

North I, (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 504-85

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 200-74, 205-74, 191-74, 505-85, 211-74, 415-77
(lagoon, |1-2m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 416-77, 377-77, 378-77, 379-77

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 506-85, 507-85 (4-5m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 254-84, 257-84, 285-84

Hydnophora microconos (Lamarck, 1816)

Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 135-136, figs. 255, 256.

Common throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 628-86 (reef flat)
Broome 485-83 (0-1m)
Dampier Archipelago 519-85, 88-74, 89-74, 160-74, 385-78 (outer slope, 2-8m)
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 432-81 (2-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 507-81, 228-77, 193-81 (reef flat; back reef; lagoon)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 381-78 (4-5m)

GENUS MERULINA Ehrenberg, 1834
Merulina ampliata (Ellis & Solander, 1786)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 216-223, figs. 358-374, 764.
Common throughout the distribution range where there is a lot of geographic as well
as environmentally-induced variation. Colonies at the Houtman Abrolhos Is. (Veron
1986b, p. 436, fig. 3) usually consist of foliaceous plates arranged in tiers and whorls
with upgrowths reduced to irregular nodules. Similar growth forms are usually found at
temperate localities of eastern Australia (7bid. fig. 1). Although it is possible that this is
a distinct species, primarily of high latitude reefs, this growth form intergrades with
tropical colonies which consist of mixtures of foliaceous plates and irregular anasto-
mosing branches.
Records: Ashmore Reef 660-86, 907-86 (lagoon)

Cockatoo I. 512-85

Scott Reef 517-85 (lagoon 7m)

Rowley Shoals 266-84, 498-83, 270-83, 274-83, 516-85 (lagoon, 2-8m)

Dampier Archipelago 263-73, 430-78 (outer slope, 2-8m)

Montebello Is.

Barrow I. 511-85

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 52-78, 53-78, 54-78, 55-78 (reef flat; back reef)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 393-77, 510-85, 131-78, 185-74, 92-88 (2-31m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 509-85, 508-85 (4-6m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 256-84, 255-84

96

Merulina scabricula Dana, 1846
Veron and Pichon (1980): 223, 227, fig. 385; Veron (1985): 181.
Common throughout the distribution range.
Records: Ashmore Reef 656-86 (lagoon)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 238-83, 452-83 (lagoon, 2-8m)
Dampier Archipelago 26-72, 12-76 (outer slope, 2-8m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 493-81 (1-2m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 56-78, 919-85 (reef flat; outer slope, 8-20m)

GENUS SCAPOPHYLLIA Edwards & Haime, 1848
Common in most tropical localities.
Scapophyllia cylindrica (F.dwards & Haime, 1848)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 229-232, figs. 387-391.
Records: Ashmore Reef
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V
Dampier Archipelago V
Montebello Is. 621-81 (3-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 78-81, 450-81, 458-81 (lagoon; outer slope, 8-1 1m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 916-85 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 5-73 (2m)

FAMILY FAVIIDAE Gregory, 1900

GENUS CAULASTREA Dana, 1846
This genus is much more restricted on the west coast than on the east. The two west
coast species do not have overlapping ranges and are uncommon except in certain
environments.
Caulastrea tumida Matthai, 1928
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 18-19, figs. 13-15
Restricted to tropical coastal localities where it is common. Colonies from turbid
environments may have corallites with several centres, becoming flabello-meandroid
(Veron 1986b, p. 447, fig. 1, at Dampier Archipelago).
Previous records from Western Australia: King Sound, coll. Saville-Kent (BMNH
28.6.2.1./94.6.16.39 Holotype) Matthai (1928).
Records: Careening Bay 241-87

Lacepede Is. 204-84, 420-85

Dampier Archipelago 422-85, 196-84, 366-78, 367-78, 368-78, 348-79, 495-80, 418-78,

494-80 533-80, 416-78, 419-78 (reef slope, 1-5m)

Montebello Is. 803-81 (2-3m)
Caulastrea furcata Dana, 1846
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 16, figs. 6-20, 414
Restricted to NW Shelf reefs where colonies are indistinguishable from those from the
Great Barrier Reef.
Records: Ashmore Reef 597-86, 615-86, 713-86, 940-86 (lagoons, outer slope)

Scott Reef 423-85 (lagoon slope)

97

GENUS FAVIA Oken, 1815

Kor most species, there are many minor differences, in colour, skeletal detail and
abundance, between colonies from different west coast tropical and temperate localities.
Likewise, chere are regional differences between colonies from most west coast localities
and the Great Barricr Reef. Nevertheless, Favia species are the most uniformly spread of
all the major genera, as evidence by the similarity between the species complements of
the Houtman Abrolthos Islands and the NW Shelf Reefs.

Favia stelligera (Dana, 1846)
Veron, Pichon and Wiysman-Best (1977): 20-23, figs. 16-22.

Common throughout the distibution range.

Records: Ashmore Reet 734-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)

Scout Reel V

Rowley Shoals V

Dampier Archipelago 113-74, 114-74, 223-74, 216-73, 327-85, 328-85, 115-74 (reef front,
1-5)

Momtebello Is. 605-81 (3-4in)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 575-81, 199-77, 200-77, 201-77, 206-81 (reef flat; lagoon, 2-3m
and reel front, & 1 bm)

Middle Ningaloo Reels 848-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

Favia laxa (Klunzinger, 1879)
Veron, Pichon and Wiysman-Best (1977): 23-24, figs. 23-27, 415.
Rare.

Records: Ashmore Reel 778-86, 884-86 (lagoon, 0- 15m)
Scott Reel 130-85 (lagoon, 6-7)
Rowley Shoals V (lagoon 1-8m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 361-85

Favia helianthoides Wells, 1954
Wells (1954): 458-459, pl. 174, figs. 3-6.

Rare.

Records: Ashmore Reet
Scott Reef 362-85 (reel slope)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 950-85 (5- 15m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 74-88

Favia pallida (Dana, 1846)
Veron, Pichon and Wiysman-Best (1977): 33-38, figs. 46-55, 422, 423.
Common throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 725-86 (outer slope, 10-12m)

Admiralty Gulf 154-177, 509-84, 155-77, 33-78, 157-77 (intertidal)

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals 217-83, 213-83 (lagoon, 2-8m)

Dampier Archipelago 129-74, 110-74, 111-74, 127-74, 597-78, 211-73, 40-72, 20-72 (reef
flat; reef front, 9-12m)

Barrow I. 272-74 (reef flat)

Passage Is.

Montebello Is. 802-81 (3-4m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 312-77, 313-77, 58-81, 488-77, 486-77, 581-81, 420-81, 340-85,
417-81, 424-81 (reef flat; back reef; reef front, 3-15m)

98

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 317-77, 965-81, 489-77, 79-72 (reef flat)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 138-78, 477-77, 478-77 (lagoon, 12-30m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 475-77, 40-88 (2m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 492-77 (3-5m)

Favia speciosa (Dana, 1846)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 36, fig. 45.
Veron, Pichon (1982): 136, figs. 279, 280

A very ill-defined species, probably rare throughout the distribution range. Has a wide
| range of colours (Veron 1986b, p. 457, fig. 3, at Scott Reef).

Previous records from Western Australia: Roebuck Bay (BMNH_ 95.10.9.133) Rosen
(1968)

Records: Ashmore Reef
Admiralty Gulf
Cape Voltaire 4-78
Scott Reef 334-85, 428-85 (lagoon)
Rowley Shoals 455-83
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 487-77 (back reef)

Favia favus (Forskal, 1775)

Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 24-32, figs. 28-36, 416-420

Common throughout the distribution range south to the Houtman Abrolhos Is. and the
only Favia to extend to more southern localities.

Records: Ashmore Reef 602-86, 860-86 (lagoon, 0-13m)
Bigge I. 238-87, 239-87, 240-87 (intertidal)
Prince Frederick Harbour 233-87 (intertidal)
Admiralty Gulf
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 234-83 (lagoon, 2-8m)
Dampier Archipelago 569-78, 502-80, 570-78, 349-79 (3-4m)
Montebello Is. 801-81 (3-4m)
Passage Is. 718-81 (2-5m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 594-81, 561-81
Dorre I. 863-81 (0-4m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 496-79, 497-79 (12-18m)
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 343-85, 341-85 (reef flat)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 294-78, 297-78, 228-74, 374-79, 474-77, 231-78
(1-15m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 42-73, 473-77, 87-88 (reef front, 6m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 187-84, 188-84, 345-85, 189-84
Rottnest I. 185-78 (4-5m)
Cockburn Sound 7-59 (8m)

Favia lizardensis Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best 1977

Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 45-48, figs. 74-78, 428-430

Seldom common throughout the distribution range. Colours differ from the pinkish-
brown with cream or green oral discs of east coast colonies by commonly being a
uniform grey in tropical localities and a uniform brown at the Houtman Abrolhos Is.

99

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 254-83 (lagoon, 6m)
Dampier Archipelago 500-80
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 342-85 (20-30m)

Favia matthaii Vaughan, 1918
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 38-40, figs. 56-61, 424, 425.
Common throughout the distribution range.
Records: Ashmore Reef 888-86, 925-86 (outer slope, 12-20m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 249-84, 330-85, 351-83, 365-83, 247-84 (reef flat; lagoon, 2-8m and outer
slope, 15-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 213-73, 185-84 (reef front)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 314-77, 421-81, 315-77, 316-77 (reef flat; back reef)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolthos Is.) V
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 116-88

Favia rotumana (Gardiner, 1899)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 40-438, figs. 62-66, 426
Common only in restricted upper reef biotopes.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 476-83 (reef flat)
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)

Favia rotundata (Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best, 1977)
Favites rotundata Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 64-65, figs. 110-117, 436-438.
Usually uncommon. Colonies from tropical localities (Veron 1986b, p. 462, fig. 2 at the
Ningaloo Reefs) closely resemble those from the Great Barrier Reef, while those from
the Abrolhos Is. are creamy-grey.
Records: Cartier Reef 782-86 (outer slope, 8-22m)

Scott Reef V

Dampier Archipelago (EPA)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 569-81 (lagoon, 6-9m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 905-85 (5-12m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 46-88, 141-88

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 493-77 (4-5m)

Favia maxima Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best, 1977
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 43-45, figs. 67-73, 427.

Uncommon throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef 344-85 (lagoon, 6-7m)
Rowley Shoals 256-83, 421-83 (lagoon, 6-18m)
Dampier Archipelago 501-80, 593-78 (3-4m)
Ningaloo Reef Tract
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V

100

Favia veroni Moll & Borel Best, 1984
Moll and Borel Best (1984): 48-50, figs. 1-3
Uncommon except at Dampier Archipelago. Usually pale brown in colour.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Dampier Archipelago 561-78
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 105-88

Favia sp. |
This is a distinctive species not recorded elsewhere from Australia.
Record: Rowley Shoals 231-83, 247-83

GENUS BARABATTOIA Yabe & Sugiyama, 1941

Barabattoia amicorum (Edwards & Haime, 1850)

Favia amicorum complex, Veron, Pichon and Wiysman-Best (1977): 32-33, figs. 37-10, 120, 121.

B. amicorum, Veron and Pichon 1982: 136.

Uncommon except for some turbid-water biotopes of the Houtman Abrolhos Is. Usually
uniform dark brown.

Previous records from Western Australia: King Sound (as B. mirabilis, BMNHEI
1894.6.16.37), Rosen (1968).
Records: Dampier Archipelago 478-85

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 20-81 (back reef)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 476-77, 171-77, 271-78 (1-30m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 329-85, 472-77, 39-88, 136-88 (reel edge)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 494-77, 495-77 (4-5)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 190-81

Fremantle 337-80 (9-12m)

GENUS FAVITES Link, 1807

As with Favia species, there are many minor regional differences in colour, skeletal
detail and abundance of most Favites species. As with Favia, most species are widely
and uniformly spread.

Favites abdita (Ellis & Solander, 1786)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 54-59, figs. 90-96, 132, 133.
Common throughout most of the distribution range.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Cockatoo I. 303-85
Scott Reef 425-85 (outer slope)
Dampier Archipelago 18-72, 112-73, 347-79, 125-74, 152-73, 509-78 (reel flat; reel front,
1-8m)
Montebello Is. 606-81 (3-4m)
Passage Is. 761-81 (intertidal)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 26-81, 297-77, 270-77, 272-77, 584-81 (reef flat; back reef)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 271-77 (back reef)
Dorre I. 862-81, 859-81 (0-4m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 915-74, 219-74, 270-78, 298-78, 207-74, 302-85
(1-2m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 18-73, 891-81, 6-73 (O-1m)

101

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 298-85, 292-77 (2-5m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 335-85, 205-84

Port Gregory 585-84, 209-84, 207-84, 208-84 (inner edge of reef)
Vort Denison 206-84, 246-84

Fremantle 364-80 (9-12m)

Rottnest I. 107-58, 90-85, 106-58 (1-2m)

Cockburn Sound 6-59 (4-5m)

Geographe Bay 53-59 (9m)

Favites halicora (Khrenberg, 1834)

Veron, Pichon and Wiysman-Best (1977): 59-61, figs. 97-101, 434.

Common throughout the distribution range, especially on upper reef slopes of the
Houtman Abrolhos Is. (Veron 1986b, p. 471, fig. 1) where it is always cream or
greenish-yellow.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Kimberley Coast
Scott Reef 338-85 (outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 199-83, 257-83, 342-83 (lagoon, 2-8m and outer slope, 15-30m)
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 269-77 (reef flat)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 832-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Wallabt Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 237-78, 466-77, 291-78, 299-78, 295-78, 296-78,
4170-77 (0-29m)
Pelsacrt Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 301-85, 496-77 (1-5m)

Favites flexuosa (Dana, 1846)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 61-64, figs. 102-109, 435.
Common over most of the distribution range.
Previous records from Western Australia: 42 & 48 miles WSW of Cape Jaubert 70 and
H40ft (21 & 42m), (as Favia vasta) Folkeson (1919)
Records: Ashmore Reef 851-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Admiralty Gulf 319-85
Yampi Sound 311-85
Dampier Archipelago 208-73, 206-73, 787-81, 112-74, 123-74, 124-74, 251-84, 516-78
(9-12m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 310-77, 197-81 (reef flat, back reef)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 318-77, 83-72 (reef flat)
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 963-81 (reef flat)
Port Gregory
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 18-87, 112-88, 159-88
Rottnest I. 962-85 (1-2m)
Cockburn Sound 304-85

Favites chinensis (Verrill, 1866)

Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 53-54, figs. 83-88

Uncommon over most of distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 813-86, 814-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Admiralty Gulf 8-78, 3-78, 322-85 (intertidal)
Dampier Archipelago 226-73, 117-73, 567-78, 115-73 (reef flat, reef front)
Barrow I. 265-74 (reef flat)

102

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 192-81, 295-77, 296-77, 298-77, 299-77, 576-81, 210-81 (reef flat;
back reef; reef front, 8-1 1m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 903-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

Bernier I. 839-81 (2-4m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 326-85

Favites complanata (Ehrenberg, 1834)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 65-68, figs. 118-121, 442

Common throughout the distribution range (Veron 1986b, p. 474, fig. 2, at the Hout-
man Abrolhos Is.).

Records: Ashmore Reef 866-86, 840-86, 889-86 (lagoon, 0-18m)
Kimberley Coast
Scott Reef 337-85 (lagoon slope)
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)
Barrow I. 266-74 (reef flat)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 195-81, 311-77 (reef flat; reef front, 6m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 957-85, 80-72
North J. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 297-85 (1m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 309-85, 70-88, 161-88 (1-2m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 465-77, 60-88, 143-88
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 310-85
Cockburn Sound
Geographe Bay

Favites pentagona (Esper, 1794)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 68-72, figs. 122-127, 439-44]

Common only in tropical localities.

Records: Ashmore Reef 611-86, 620-86, 737-86, 746-86, 871-86, 887-86 (outer slope, 12-20m)

Troughton I. 299-85

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals 350-83, 451-83, 223-83 (lagoon, 2-8m and outer slope, 15-30m)

Dampier Archipelago 222-73, 428-78, 503-80, 429-78, 573-78, 177-84, 178-84, 179-84,
180-84, 181-84, 182-84, 773-81, 210-73, 19-72, 121-74, 782-81, 776-81 (intertidal; reef
front, 3-6m)

Montebello Is. 722-81 (3-4m)

Passage Is.

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 571-81

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 273-77 (reef flat)

Dorre I. 857-81, 855-81, 856-81 (0-4m)

Bernier I. 841-81, 842-81 (2-4m)

Shark Bay 168-81, 763-81 (2-16m)

South Passage 560-79, 817-81 (6-12m)

Dirk Hartog I. 33-59, 814-81 (0-2m)

Port Gregory 587-84, 186-84

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 79-88

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 243-84

Lancelin 157-81

103

Favites russelli (Wells, 1954)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 72-73, figs, 129-137, 443, 444,
Usually common,
Records: Ashmore Reef 505-86, 681-86, 839-86, 815-86, 824-86, 895-86 (outer slope,
lagoon, 0- 18m)
Scott Reel 333-85 (outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 268-83, 201-83, 258-83 (lagoon, 2-8m)
Middle Ningaloo Reels 864-85, 935-85 (1-12)
Dorre 1, 866-81 (O-din)
North f. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 305-85, 315-85, 313-84 (dim)
Wallabi Group (Hloutman Abrothos Is.) 411-77, 243-78 (1-12m)
aster Group (Floutman Abrothos ts.)
Pelsaert Group (Hloutman Abrothos Is.) 314-85, 323-85 (back reef)
Port Gregory 109-58, 594-84
Premmimtle 516-85
Rottnest f 91-85, 835-85 (1-21)
Cockburn Sound 354-79 (2-31)
Favites sp. |
A very distinctive species having characteristics of Favites and Pavia.
Records: Middle Ningaloo Reels 950-85
Master Group (Houtman Abrolhos Eslands)

GENUS GONTASEREA Edwards & Phare, 1848

10-20m,

hor most species, there are significant differences in colour and/or skeletal detail,
between colonies from temperate and tropical localities. “Phe latter are mostly indistin-

euishable from: colonies from the Great Barrier Reet.

Gontastrea retiformis (Lamarck, 1816)
Veron, Prchon and Wijsmane Best (1977): 79-80, figs. Th5- E50, E21, 19,

Common in tropical localities, espectally on intertidal reel flats of NW. Shelf reefs

(Veron l986b, p. 180, fig. dy at Sermneapatam reel).
Records: Cartier Reel 785-86 (veel flat, Om)
Kimberley Coast
Scott Reel 427-85 (veel that)
Rowley Shoals 210-88 (lagoon, 2-8)
Dampier Archipelago 221-84, 222-84, 482-78, 220-73, 159-73, 31-72, 32-72, 33-72
(veel Hat; 0-6)
Montebello Is, GLO-81, OEL-ST (Seta)
Barrow 1E, 250-74 (O- ln)
Northern Ningaloo Reels 179-81 (lagoon)
Middle Ningaloo Reels 440-78
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 457-78 (intertidal)
Port Gregory 213-84
Goniastrea edwardsi Chevalier, 1971
Veron, Pichon and Waisman: Best (1977): 80-88, fies, 151-156, 173,
Common tn most tropical localities.

Records: Ashmore Reet V
Scott Reel V
Rowley Shoals 211-83 (lagoon, 2-8m)

104

, 219-73,
228-73, T2178, 224-78, 225-738, 218-738, 774-81, 241-78, AS1-78, 230-84, 413-85,

108-86

Dampier Archipelago (EPA)

Passage Is. 617-81, (2-5m)

aan Ningaloo Reefs 265-77, 577-81, 495-81, 266-77, 267-77 (reef flat; reef front,
-llm

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 63-72 (2m)

Southern Ningaloo Reefs 439-78 (reef flat)

Bernier I. 829-81

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 321-85

Goniastrea favulus (Dana, 1846)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 86-87, figs. 164-167.
Usually uncommon except for some intertidal tropical biotopes.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Dampier Archipelago 513-78
Montebello Is. 609-81 (3-4m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 520-78, 851-85, 959-85, 932-85 (2-20m)
Dorre I. 837-81
Bernier I. 829-81
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 276-85
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.)

Goniastrea aspera Verrill, 1865
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 83-85, figs. 157-163
Common in tropical localities, especially on intertidal reef flats of NW Shelf reefs
(Veron 1986b, p. 483, fig. 1, at Scott Reef).
Records: Ashmore Reef 661-86, 674-86, 698-86, 896-86 (lagoon 0-6m)
Scott Reef V
Admiralty Gulf 156-77 (intertidal)
Yampi Sound
Broome 488-83, 494-83 (intertidal)
Dampier Archipelago 209-73, 205-73, 350-79, 598-78, 572-78, 324-85, 515-78, 600-78 (reef
flat; reef front, 9-12m)
Montebello Is. 725-81 (2-3m)
Passage Is. 716-81 (2-5m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 582-81, 205-81 (1-4m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs
Bernier I. 847-81 (2-4m)
Shark Bay 809-81, 715-81 (2-6m)
South Passage 811-81, 812-81 (3-10m)
Dirk Hartog I. 816-81, 34-59, 692-81, 813-81, 815-81, 819-81, 820-81, 821-81 (0-6m)
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 320-85
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 317-85, 321-85, 272-78, 56-88, 82-88 (reef flat)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 413-77, 467-77 (reef flat)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 339-85
Port Gregory 105-58, 318-85, 586-84, 113-58
Green Head 971-79 (4-5m)
Fremantle 362-80 (9-12m)
Rottnest I.
Garden I. 12-84 (1-2m)
Cockburn Sound 355-79, 356-79, 5-59 (2-9m)
Geographe Bay 66-81, 307-78 (6-18m)

105

Goniastrea pectinata (Khrenberg, 1834)

Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 87-91, figs. 168-172, 175, 450

Common throughout the distribution range, especially on reef flats and shallow
lagoons where, at the Houtman Abrolhos Is., colonies tend to be sub-meandroid (Veron
1986b, p. 484, fig. 3).

Records: Ashmore Reef 707-86, 776-86 (outer slope, 6- 14m)
Cape Voltaire 507-84, 6-78
Scott Reef 429-85 (outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 231-83 (lagoon, 2-8m)
Dampier Archipelago 497-80, 233-84, 416-85
Montebello Is.
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 568-81, 289-77, 288-77 (reef fat, lagoon, 6-9m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 275-77, 276-77, 277-77, 964-81, 833-85 (reef flat; 0-12m)
Dorre L 860-81 (0-4im)
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 279-85, 288-85 (3m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 410-77, 148-88 (reef flat)
Faster Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 41-73, 412-77, 414-77 (0-lm)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 270-85, 271-85 (1-2m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 241-84, 244-84, 248-84, 273-85, 214-84, 245-84, 306-85

Goniastrea australensis (Vdwards & Haime, 1857)

Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 92-95, figs. 176-182, 151

Very common throughout the distribution range. Floors and walls of valleys are usually
of very different colours, but they are sometimes the same colour (Veron 1986b, p. 486,
fig. 2, at Dampier Archipelago) giving the colony a very different appearance 27 situ.

Records: Admiralty Gulf 151-77 (intertidal)

Dampier Archipelago 126-74 (reef front)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 862-85, 922-85 (lagoon, 5-12m and outer slope, 8-20m)

Dorre I. 854-81, 114-81 (0-4m)

Shark Bay 91-81

Dirk Hartog I. 14-59, 90-81 (0-2m)

South Passage, Shark Bay 501-79, 499-79, 498-79, 500-79, 166-81 (2-12m)

North L (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 281-85, 283-85, 287-85, 288-85 (3m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 204-74, 278-85, 208-74, 417-77, 301-78, 284-85
(0-30m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 15-73, 2-73, 8-73, 19-73, 64-73, 25-73, 285-85, 30-73
(0-12m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 274-85, 263-77, 264-77 (1-5m)

Port Gregory 210-84, 211-84

Port Denison 220-84

Green Head 968-79 (4-5m)

Jurien Bay 65-85

Lancelin 159-81, 25-88 (1-3m)

Perth 181-78, 286-85, 60-85, 282-85 (1-6m)

Rottnest I. 82-85, 177-74, 280-85, 80-85, 94-85 (1-4m)

Fremantle 112-58

Cockburn Sound 1-59 (7m)

Geographe Bay 303-78, 60-59 (16-18m)

106

Goniastrea palauensis (Yabe, Sugiyama & Eguchi, 1936)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 95-97, figs. 183-186, 452.

Uncommon throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Dampier Archipelago 229-84
Ningaloo Reefs
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 37-88, 41-88
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 242-84, 240-84
Fremantle 336-80, 341-80 (9-12m)

Goniastrea sp. |

Coralla attributed to this species have skeletal characters close to G. australensis but are mono-
centric.

Records: Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 57-87, 58-87, 59-87
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.)

GENUS PLATYGYRA Ehrenberg, 1834

Colonies of species occurring on both the west coast and Great Barrier Reef are mostly
indistinguishable.

Platygyra daedalea (Ellis & Solander, 1786)

Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 98-103, figs. 190-196, 453, 454.

Common throughout the distribution range.

Previous records from Western Australia: King Sound; Adolphus I. (15°09’S : 128°10’E)
(as Coeloria daedalea), both Matthai (1928).

Records: Ashmore Reef 649-86 (outer slope, 12-20m)
Admiralty Gulf 407-86
Cassini I.
Cape Voltaire 5-78
Koolan I. 872-86
Yampi Sound 277-85
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 355-83, 345-83, 431-83 (reef flat; outer slope, 15-30m)
Dampier Archipelago 29-72, 124-73, 120-74, 109-74, 155-73, 308-85 (reef flat; reef front)
Montebello Is. 616-81, 619-81 (2-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 274-77, 37-78, 268-77, 574-81 (reef flat, back reef)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 65-72, 519-78, 940-81, 958-85, 953-85 (reef flat; 0-12m)
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 937-81 (back reef)
South Passage, Shark Bay 489-79 (4-5m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 229-74, 302-78, 199-74, 217-74, 192-74 (1-2m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 4-73 (0-1m)
Platygyra lamellina (Ehrenberg, 1834)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 103-105, figs. 197-200, 455, 456.
Common at the Houtman Abrolhos Is., much less common than P. daedalea in tropical
localities.
Previous records from Western Australia: King Sound; Roebuck Bay (BMNH 95.10.9.182)
(as Coeloria lamellina) both Matthai (1928)

107

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef 336-85 (lagoon 6-7m)
Cape Voltaire 506-84
Broome 292-85
Dampier Archipelago 119-74 (reef flat)
Montebello Is.
Ningaloo Reef ‘Tract (EPA)
Dirk Hartog I. 32-59 (0-lm)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 206-74, 418-77, 247-78 (6-30m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 59-73, 78-88 (0- lm)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 275-85 (4-6m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 258-84, 443-84, 411-85
Port Gregory
Geraldton 484-84

Platygyra sinensis (Edwards & Haime, 1849)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 105-108, figs. 201-206, 457.
Common in tropical localities.

Records: Ashmore Reef 614-86, 705-86, 910-86 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Admiralty Gulf 147-77 (intertidal)
King Sound 135-85
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 358-83, 276-83 (reef flat; outer slope, 16-35m)
Lacepede Is. 464-83
Broome 484-83 (intertidal)
Dampier Archipelago 123-73, 514-78, 237-73, 108-74, 433-78, 231-84 (0-4m)
Barrow I. 269-74 (intertidal)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 290-77, 291-77, 201-81, 194-81, 454-81, 303-77, 592-81 (reef flat;
back reef, 2-5m and reef front, 8-1 1m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 446-78, 81-72, 344-79, 64-72, 449-78, 959-85 (reef flat)
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 518-78 (intertidal)
Port Gregory 111-58

Platygyra pini Chevalier, 1975
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 108-110, figs. 207-213, 458.
Common in tropical localities.

Records: Ashmore Reef 598-86, 795-86, 796-86, 804-86, 820-86, 831-86, 849-86, 861-86, 869-86,

886-86, 901-86 (lagoons, outer slopes, 0-20m)

Scott Reef 296-85, 424-85, 421-85 (lagoon 6-7m; outer slope)

Rowley Shoals 308-83, 249-83, 197-83, 200-83, 267-83 (lagoon 2-8m and outer slope,
16-35m)

Dampier Archipelago 234-84, 235-84, 237-84, 152-74

Montebello Is. 720-81 (3-4m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 189-81, 308-77 (reef flat; back reef)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 904-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

Ningaloo Reef ‘Tract 521-78 (lagoon)

Bernier I. 832-81

108

Platygyra verweyi Wijsman-Best, 1976
Wijsman-Best (1976): 55-56, pl. 6 fig. 4.
Rare.

Records: Ashmore 898-86, 920-86, 922-86 (reef flat, 0m)
Scott Reef 295-85 (reef flat)
Prince Frederick Harbour 228-87 (intertidal)
Bigge I. 236-87 (intertidal)
Cassini I. 14-78
Rowley Shoals 276-83
Dampier Archipelago 307-85, 834-81, 436-78
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 423-81, 53-81, 45-81, 586-81, 57-81
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 857-85, 803-85, 835-85, 449-78, 345-79, 300-77, 301-77, 304-77,
305-77, 306-77, 307-77 (intertidal, 0-12m)
Platygyra ryukyuensis Yabe & Sugiyama, 1935
This species is common on the south coast of Papua New Guinea and occurs north to
Japan. It has not been recorded from eastern Australia.
Records: Ashmore Reef 749-86, 897-86, 899-86, 900-86, 908-86, 911-86, 914-86, 918-86, 919-86 (reel
flat; lagoon; outer slope, 0-30m)
Scout Reef
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 836-85

GENUS LEPTORIA Edwards & Haime, 1848

Leptoria phrygia (Ellis & Solander, 1786)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 115-117, figs. 223-226, 460.

Common throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 613-86 (0-6m)
Scott Reef 412-85 (lagoon, 6-7m)
Rowley Shoals 332-83 (outer slope, 15-30m)}
Dampier Archipelago 117-74, 264-73, 289-85, 290-85, 291-85, 106-74, 107-74, 118-74,
125-73, 116-74 (reef front)
Montebello Is. 607-81 (3-4m)
Barrow I. 251-74 (back reef)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 455-81, 460-81, 203-77 (reef flat; back reef; reef front, 8-1 1m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 72-72, 559-78 (reef flat, back reef)

GENUS OULOPHYLLIA Edwards & Haime, 1848
Oulophyllia crispa (Lamarck, 1816)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 118-124, figs. 227-237, 447, 461.
Common throughout the distribution range. Usually a uniform grey in colour.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 487-84, 498-84, 405-83 (lagoon, 2-18m)

Dampier Archipelago 249-85
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 51-81, 456-81, 459-81 (back reef; lagoon 2-3m and reef front,

8-11m) “af
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 939-81, 942-81, 964-85 (back reef; reef front, 8-20m)

109

Oulophyllia bennettae (Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best, 1977)
Faviles bennettae Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 73, 76-78, figs. 138-144, 445-448.
Uncommon. Usually a uniform grey in colour (Veron 1986b, p. 500, fig. 1, from
Dampier Archipelago) in contrast to colonies from eastern Australia.
Records: Ashmore Reef V

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals 473-83

Dampier Archipelago 183-84, 312-85, 331-85

GENUS MONTASTREA de Blainville, 1830

Montastrea curta (Dana, 1846)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 137-139, figs. 257-263, 462.
Very common on upper reef slopes and reef flats of the Houtman Abrolhos Is. (Veron
1986b, p. 504, fig. 2) where colonies are primarily encrusting. Also common at most
other localities.
Records: Ashmore Reef 603-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals 373-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)

Broome 489-83 (intertidal)

Dampier Archipelago 250-84, 215-73 (reef flat)

Montebello Is. 721-81 (3-4m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 346-77, 38-78, 345-77 (reef front)

Bernier I. 840-81 (2-4m)

Dorre I. 867-81 (0-4m)

Dirk Hartog I. 20-59, 13-59, 818-81 (0-2m)

Port Gregory 596-84

North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 347-85, 352-85 (reef fat)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 346-85, 349-85, 444-77, 351-85, 353-85 (reef flat;

0-2m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 32-73, 442-77 (0-lm)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 348-85, 350-85 (back reef)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 396-85

Montastrea annuligera (Edwards and Haime, 1849)

Veron et al. (1977): 139-143, figs. 264-268.

Recorded from the west coast only at Ashmore Reef.

Records: Ashmore Reef 626-86, 767-86, 808-86, 877-86 (outer slope, 8-20m)

Montastrea magnistellata Chevalier, 1971
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 143, figs. 269-273, 463, 464.
Uncommon, usually grey or brown, sometimes with concentric greens and pinks (as
illustrated, Veron et al. 1977, fig. 464).
Records: Ashmore Reef V

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals 354-85 (lagoon, 6m)

Dampier Archipelago (EPA)

Montebello Is.

Passage Is.

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 588-81 (2-4m)

110

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 936-81

Bernier I. 846-81 (2-4m)

Wailabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 55-88, 152-88
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 39-73, 468-77 (9m)

Montastrea valenciennesi (Edwards & Haime, 1848)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 144-149, figs. 274-283, 465.

Usually uncommon.

Records: Ashmore Reef 609-86, 685-86 (outer slope, 8-20m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 360-85 (2-5m)
Broome 481-83, 462-83 (intertidal)
Dampier Archipelago 438-78, 214-73, 421-78, 437-78 (reef front, 2-12m)
Montebello Is.
Passage Is. 614-81, 804-81 (intertidal; 0-5m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 571-78 (lagoon)
Bernier I. 845-81, 844-81 (2-4m)
Dorre I. 836-81
Dirk Hartog I. 704-81, 457-79 (4-6m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 458-79, 456-79 (2-5m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 892-81 (0-1m)

GENUS PLESIASTREA Edwards & Haime, 1848

Plesiastrea versipora (Lamarck, 1816)

Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 149-153, figs. 284-294.

The most widespread of all Australian hermatypic corals but seldom common in any
single locality. Usually green at temperate localities except the Houtman Abrolhos Is.
where it is usually pale brown.

Previous records from Western Australia: King George Sound (as A. galaxea) Quoy &
Gaimard (1833); 42 and 45 miles WSW of Cape Jaubert 70ft & 66ft (21 & 20m) (as P.
urvillei), Folkeson (1919); south Western Australia, Wells (1962); Carnac I. (as P.
urvillei) Marsh and Hodgkin (1962).

Records: Ashmore Reef 766-85 (lagoon, 10-13m)
Scott Reef 372-85 (outer slope, 15-30m)
Rowley Shoals V
Broome 493-83 (intertidal)
Dampier Archipelago 34-72, 35-72, 130-74 (reef flat)
Barrow I. 270-74, 255-74, 264-74, 263-74, 271-74 (reef flat)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 348-77 (lagoon)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 941-81, 918-85 (lagoon; outer slope, 8-20m)
Bernier I. 827-81, 831-81, 833-81 (0-2m)
Dorre I. 858-81 (0-4m)
Shark Bay 762-81 (18m)
Dirk Hartog I. 492-79 (5-6m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 493-79, 495-79 (4-15m)
North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 300-78, 376-77, 266-78, 165-78, 66-88, 67-88
0-30m)
aes Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 375-77, 374-77, 440-77, 373-77, 48-88 (reef flat)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 56-72 (back reef)

11]

Port Gregory 146-58, 145-58, 212-84, 595-84, 332-85
Green Head

Jurien Bay 71-85, 74-85

Quinns Rock to Lancelin 160-81, 161-81

Rottnest I. 13-76, 508-84, 176-74, 148-58, 187-78 (1-10m)
Perth 59-85, 182-78, 166-77

Fremantle 183-78, 335-80, 758-84 (9-12m)

Garden 1. 511-84, 9028, 122-58

Cockburn Sound 4-59, 121-58, 468-78, 144-58, 352-79 (1-5m)
Bunbury 162-77, 58-59, 701-81, 702-81, 999-81
Geographe Bay 55-59, 451-79, 308-78, 278-73 (16-20m)
King George Sound 365-80, 1-87 (10-12m)

Bremer Bay

Hopetoun 412-86, 413-86 (intertidal; 0-9m)

Esperance 410-86 (10m)

Recherche Archipelago 125-85, 400-86 (12m)

Duke of Orleans Bay

GENUS OULASTREA Edwards & Haime, 1848
Oulastrea crispata (Lamarck, 1816)
Common on reef flats of the Kimberley Coast in sheltered bays.
Records: Admiralty Gulf 150-77 (intertidal)
Bigge [. 559-87, 567-87 (interudal)
Prince Frederick Harbour 568-87, 574-87 (intertidal)

GENUS DIPLOASTREA Matthat, 1914
Diploastrea heliopora (Lamarck, 1816)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 153-155, figs. 295-297.
Usually uncommon although very conspicuous.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals V (outer slope)
Dampier Archipelago 454-78, 455-78, 456-78, 420-78 (3-9m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 917-85 (outer slope, 8-20m)

GENUS LEPTASTREA Edwards & Haime, 1848
Leptastrea inaequalis Klunzinger, 1879
Veron and Pichon (1982): 138.
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977), as L. cf. bottae, non L. bottae (Edwards and Haime,
1849): 155-157, figs. 300-302, 466,
Uncommon, restricted to NW Shelf reefs only.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 239-83 (lagoon, 2-8m)
Leptastrea bottae (F.dwards and Haime, 1849)
Only two specimens of this species have been recorded from Western Australia; none
have been recorded from eastern Australia. The specimen from the Ningaloo Reefs is

112

similar to the holotype, figured, Veron et al. (1977), p. 156. (Leptastrea inaequalis
Klunzinger, 1879 is not a junior synonym of this species as indicated by Veron et al.).
Records: Ashmore Reef 745-86 (outer slope, 6-14m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 938-85 (outer slope, 5-15m)

Leptastrea purpurea (Dana, 1846)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 158-161, figs. 303-310, 467.
Common throughout the distribution range. Colonies at the Houtman Abrolhos Is.
usually have tentacles extended during the day (Veron 1986b, p. 516, figs. 2,3).
Records: Ashmore Reef 819-86, 905-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Prince Frederick Harbour 232-87 (intertidal)
Scott Reef 404-85, 406-85
Rowley Shoals 239-83
Dampier Archipelago 36-72, 775-81, 977-79, 223-84, 224-84
Ningaloo Reefs
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 178-78, 75-88
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 38-88, 42-88, 44-88, 142-88
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 218-84, 215-84, 216-84, 217-84, 219-84
Leptastrea transversa Klunzinger, 1879
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 162-163, figs. 311-318, 468.
Usually uncommon.
Records: Ashmore Reef 727-86, 848-86 (outer slope, 3-14m)
Prince Frederick Harbour 231-87 (intertidal)
Scott Reef 407-85, 408-85, 400-85 (lagoon 6-7; outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 317-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 570-81, 49-81 (reef flat; reef front, 6m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 882-85, 938-85, 939-85, 940-85 (5-15m)
Leptastrea pruinosa Crossland, 1952
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 163-165, figs. 319-326, 469-472.
Uncommon throughout the distribution range.
Records: Ashmore Reef 870-86, 941-86, 945-86 (outer slopes, 8-20m)
Kimberley Coast
Scott Reef 403-85, 405-85, 397-85, 417-85 (lagoon, 6-7m; outer slope)
Rowley Shoals 237-83, 322-83 (lagoon, 2-8m and outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 226-84, 227-84, 781-81, 225-84, 401-85
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 573-81 (reef flat)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 821-85, 822-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is.

Leptastrea sp. |
An unidentified species recorded only from Ashmore Reef.

Records: Ashmore Reef 745-86

GENUS CYPHASTREA Edwards & Haime, 1848

Cyphastrea serailia (Forskal, 1775)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 169-173, figs. 330-341.

Very common and very polymorphic throughout the distribution north from the
Houtman Abrolhos Is.

113

Previous records from Western Australia: North-west Australia, Studer (1877) in Matthai

(1914).

Records:

’ shmore Reef 890-86, 942-86 (lagoon, outer slope)

Prince Frederick Harbour 569-87, 571-87 (intertidal)

Scott Reef 367-85, 374-85, 375-85, 365-85 (reef flat; lagoon, 6-7m; outer slope)

Rowley Shoals 385-85 (lagoon, 8-18m)

Broome 486-83 (intertidal)

Dampier Archipelago 406-78, 407-78, 381-85, 14-76, 387-85, 408-78, 384-85 (intertidal;
0-3m)

Passage Is. 373-80, 374-80 (12m)

Barrow I. 273-74 (intertidal)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 9-78, 10-78, 39-78, 77-81 (reef flat)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 65-78, 71-72, 834-85, 885-85, 830-85 (reef flat; lagoon, 5-12m)

Southern Ningaloo Reefs 445-78 (lagoon, 4m)

Bernier I. 113-81 (2-4m)

Dorre I. 759-81 (12m)

Shark Bay 690-81 (2m)

South Passage, Shark Bay 472-79, 474-79, 477-79 (4-9m)

Dirk Hartog I. 30-59, 31-59, 473-79, 476-79, 475-79 (0-3m)

North [. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 377-85, 378-85, 379-85 (reef flat)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 395-85, 390-85, 914-78, 211-78, 210-78, 212-78,
215-78, 184-74, 224-78, 225-78, 209-78, 242-78 (1-19m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 28-73, 435-77, 436-77, 437-77, 441-77, 438-77,
439-77, 901-81 (0-6m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 60-72, 380-85, 382-85, 383-85 (1-2m)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 400-84, 401-84, 403-84, 405-84, 406-84, 407-84, 408-84, 409-84

Port Gregory 711-84, 597-84, 136-58

Lancelin 23-88 (2-3m)

Rottnest I. 1-88 (1-2m)

Perth 61-85 (2-3m)

Fremantle 342-80 (9-12m)

Garden I. 13-84 (1-2m)

Cockburn Sound 3-59 (6-7m)

Cyphastrea chalcidicum (Forskal, 1775)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 173-176, figs. 342-349, 473.

Common only on NW Shelf reefs.

Records:

Ashmore Reef 895-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)

Scott Reef 376-85, 370-85 (lagoon, 6-7m)

Rowley Shoals 366-85, 225-83, 368-85 (lagoon, 2-8m and outer slope, 10-25m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 889-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

Cyphastrea microphthalma (Lamarck, 1816)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 176-178, figs. 350-356

Common throughout distribution range.

Records:

Ashmore Reef 511-86, 834-86, 855-86 (outer slopes, 5-20m)

Scott Reef 364-85, 369-85, 371-85, 402-85, 399-85 (reef flat; lagoon, 6-7m; outer slope)
Troughton I. 388-85

Rowley Shoals 313-83, 235-83, 339-83 (lagoon, 2-8m and outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 708-84, 710-84, 529-80, 427-78, 16-72 (0-5m)

Montebello Is. 608-81, 378-80, 377-80 (3-4m)

Barrow I. 253-74, 261-74 (back reef)

114

Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 505-81 (2-4m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 477-81, 12-78, 203-81, 23-81, 506-81 (reef flat; lagoon, 2-9m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs 871-85 (lagoon, 5-12m) i

Dorre I. 115-81 (0-4m)

Dirk Hartog I. 1022-79, 468-79, 1023-79 (2-3m)

North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 391-85, 392-85, 386-85 (reef flat)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 202-74, 389-85, 213-78, 432-77, 49-88, 51-88,
53-88, 160-88 (0-30m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 72-73, 394-85, 434-77, 45-88 (reef flat; reef front,
6m and channel, 38m)

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 393-85 (back reef)

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 402-84, 404-84, 411-84, 410-84

Port Gregory 37-58

Cyphastrea sp. |

Recorded from two specimens, both primarily characterised by the presence of a distinct
first cycle of septa in most corallites.

Records: Scott Reef 363-85
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 863-85

GENUS ECHINOPORA Lamarck, 1816

Echinopora lamellosa (Esper, 1795)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 183-187, figs. 366-374, 474, 475.

Common throughout distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 612-86, 676-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Cartier Reef 535-86 (outer slope, 8-22m)
Scott Reef 426-85 (lagoon, 6-7m)
Rowley Shoals 445-83, 331-83, 348-83, 437-83, 393-83 (lagoon, 9-18m and outer slope,
10-30m)
Dampier Archipelago 232-84, 101-74, 508-78, 410-85, 238-84, 239-84, 255-73, 137-74,
11-72, 10-72, 254-73 (reef front, 2-9m)
Onslow 46-59
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 8-81, 517-81, 210-77, 86-81, 51-78, 209-77, 509-81, 510-81, 185-81
(reef flat; back reef; lagoon, 2-9m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 947-85 (4m)
Southern Ningaloo Reefs 549-78, 551-78, 511-81, 512-81, 513-81 (lagoon 0-4m and
passage, 2-3m)
Echinopora hirsutissima Edwards & Haime, 1849
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 192-193, figs. 383-387.
Rare.

Records: Ashmore Reef 743-86 (outer slope, 10-20m)
Cartier Reef 781-86 (outer slope)
Scott Reef V
Dampier Archipelago 155-74 (reef front)

Echinopora horrida Dana, 1846 '
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 194-198, figs. 388-391, 476.

Sometimes common in lagoons.

Records: Ashmore Reef 583-86 (lagoon, 10-13m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 216-83 (lagoon, 2-8m)

115

Dampier Archipelago 236-84, 102-74 (2m)
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 516-81 (2-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 515-81, 514-81, 328-77 (back reef; lagoon, 6-9m)

Echinopcra mammiformis (Nemenzo, 1959)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 198-201, figs. 392-399, 477.

Common, but with a very restricted distribution range.
Record: Scott Reef 409-85 (lagoon, 8m)

Echinopora gemmacea (Lamarck, 1816)

Veron et al. 1977 pp. 187-191, figs. 375-382.

Recorded only from Cartier Reef in Western Australia, common on the Great Barrier
Reef.

Record: Cartier Reef 481-86 (outer slope, 8-22m)

Echinopora sp. |

An unidentified species formerly believed to be an ecomorph of EF. lamellosa and figured
as E. lamellosa by Veron (1986) p. 528, fig. 2.

Records: Ashmore Reef 557-86, 575-86, 596-86 (reef flat, 0-4m; lagoon, 2-13m)
Barrow I. 247-74

GENUS MOSELEYA Quelch, 1884

Moseleya latistellata Quelch, 1884

Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 202-205, figs. 400-406.

Usually uncommon (Veron 1986b, p. 535, fig. 3, at the Houtman Abrolhos Is.) and
restricted to lower reef slopes except on the north-west coast where it sometimes occurs
intertidally.

Previous records from Western Australia: King Sound; Roebuck Bay; Broome; Monte-
bello Is., Totton (1952)

Records: Admiralty Gulf 152-77 (intertidal)
Broome 479-83 (intertidal)
Dampier Archipelago 361-78, 362-78, 363-78, 364-78, 365-78, 311-84 (2-5m)
Passage Is. 383-80 (intertidal)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 442-78, 448-78 (lagoon)
Bernier I. 848-81 (2-4m)
Shark Bay 691-81 (16m)
Dirk Hartog I. 755-81, 494-79 (3-6m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 167-78, 229-78, 230-78, 443-77, 314-84, 446-84
(20-31m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V

FAMILY TRACHYPHYLLIIDAE Verrill, 1901

GENUS TRACHYPHYLLIA Edwards & Haime, 1848

Trachyphyllia geoffroyi (Audouin, 1826)
Veron, Pichon and Wijsman-Best (1977): 207-210, figs. 407-413.

Common on the north-west coast. (Veron 1986b, p. 538, figs. 1,2 at Dampier Archipel-
ago) and usually found on soft substrates with turbid water.

116

Previous records from Western Australia: N.W. Australia (as T. amarantus) Folkeson
(1919); King Sound (BMNH 95.10.9.148); Roebuck Bay (BMNH 95.10.9.149) both Mat-
thai (1928).
Records: Admiralty Gulf 137-77, 32-78, 138-77, 31-78 (intertidal)

Cape Voltaire 30-78

Bigge I. 558-87, 560-87, 561-87 (intertidal)

Prince Frederick Harbour 572-87, 573-87 (intertidal)

Cockatoo I. 358-85 (intertidal)

Yampi Sound 579-81

Lacepede Is. 457-83, 468-83, 8-83 (intertidal)

Dampier Archipelago 414-85, 418-85, 983-79, 355-85, 356-85, 357-85, 4-76, 309-84, 315-84,

312-84, 313-84, 990-79, 50-72, 370-78, 371-78, 310-84, 372-78, 2-76 (intertidal; 0-5m)

Passage Is. 118-58, 382-80, 473-80 (intertidal; 12m)

Barrow I. 267-74, 42-59 (intertidal)

Onslow 48-59

Learmonth, Exmouth Gulf 359-85

GENUS WELLSOPHYLLIA Pichon, 1980
Wellsophyllia radiata Pichon, 1980

Recorded from Australia only from two specimens in the British Museum (Natural
History) (Veron 1986b, p. 540, 541). The validity of this genus is doubtful; other
specimens attributed to it from other geographic regions are more Trachyphyllia-like.

Previous records from Western Australia: NW Australia, Pichon (1980): 258.

FAMILY CARYOPHYLLIIDAE Gray 1847

GENUS EUPHYLLIA Dana, 1846
There are only minor colour differences between colonies from the east and west coasts.

Euphyllia glabrescens (Chamisso & Eysenhardt, 1821)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 342-348, figs. 606-610, 822, 823

Usually uncommon.
Previous records from Western Australia: King Sound, Matthai (1928).

Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef 574-85 (outer slope, 10-30m)
Rowley Shoals V
Admiralty Gulf 144-77 (intertidal)
Cape Voltaire 28-78, 504-84
Yampi Sound 494-85
Cockatoo I. 495-85
Lacepede Is. 460-83, 467-83
Dampier Archipelago 375-78, 1-76, 5-76, 981-79, 3-76 (intertidal; 0-3m)
Barrow I. 256-74, 257-74 (intertidal)
Passage Is. 375-80 (intertidal)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 445-81, 446-81, 390-81 (lagoon, 2-5m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 937-85 (0-1m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. V

117

Euphyllia cristata Chevalier, 1971

Veron and Pichon (1980): 348, 351, figs. 611-614.

Rare.

Records: Rowley Shoals 434-83 (outer slope, 10-3m)
Dampier Archipelago 586-78 (2-3m)

Euphyllia ancora/divisa (species separation not possible without soft parts)
Euphyllia fimbriata (Spengler, 1799)
i. (Fimbriaphyllia) Veron and Pichon (1980): 351-354, figs. 619, 620, 622.
Previous records from Western Australia: Lacepede Is.; King Sound (as Euphyllia
fimbriata (Spengler), Matthai (1928).
Records: Cockatoo 1. 492-85
Dampier Archipelago 342-78 (2-3m)

Euphyllia divisa Veron & Pichon, 1980
Veron and Pichon (1980): 354-355, figs. 621, 623-625, 822, 824-826
Very common on lower reef slopes of the Houtman Abrolhos Is. (Veron 1986b, p. 548,
fig. 1), usually uncommon elsewhere.
Records: Dampier Archipelago 290-84
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 250-78, 137-78, 292-78, 480-77, 481-77, 483-77,
239-78, 180-78, 233-78, 234-78, 235-78, 293-78 (7-31m)
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 485-77, 484-77, 482-77 (2-12m)
Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 493-85 (4-5m)
Houtman Abrolhos Is. 444-84, 562-85

Euphyllia ancora Veron & Pichon, 1980
Veron and Pichon (1980): 356-360, figs. 623, 627, 822, 827-829.
Usually uncommon.

Records: Ashmore Reef 789-86 (lagoon, 2-13m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 309-83 (outer slope, 16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago 360-78, 369-78
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 451-81, 468-81 (lagoon, 6-9m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 911-85 (outer slope, 8-20m)

GENUS CATALAPHYLLIA Wells, 1971
Catalaphyllia jardinei (Saville-Kent, 1893)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 360-362, figs. 629-637, 830, 831.
Previous records from Western Australia: Lacepede Is. (as Euphyllia picteti) Matthai
(1928); Lacepede Is. (as Catalaphyllia plicata) Wells (1971).
Uncommon, restricted to turbid lagoons and coastal waters.
Records: Ashmore Reef 647-86 (lagoon, 0-18m)
Admiralty Gulf 158-77, 145-77, 27-78 (intertidal)

Yampi Sound 580-81
Dampier Archipelago 788-81, 789-81, 770-81, 373-78, 374-78 (0-10m)

118

GENUS PLEROGYRA Edwards & Haime, 1848
Plerogyra sinuosa (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 362-365, figs. 638-643, 832-834.
Previous records from Western Australia: Lacepede Is. (BMNH 95.10.9.87) Matthai
(1928).
Usually found under overhangs and other such places where light availability is low,
but sometimes occurs in exposed places in NW Shelf reef lagoons.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Seringapatam Reef 366-79 (lagoon, 20m)
Rowley Shoals 385-83, outer slope (16-35m)
Dampier Archipelago (EPA)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 907-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

GENUS PHYSOGYRA Quelch, 1884
Physogyra lichtensteini (Edwards & Haime, 1851)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 366-370, figs. 645-652, 835, 836
Usually found under overhangs and in other such places where light availability is low,
but, like Plerogyra sinuosa, it sometimes occurs in exposed places in NW Shelf reef
lagoons, where it grow into unusually large colonies.
Records: Ashmore Reef V
Scott Reef V (lagoon, 4-8m)
Rowley Shoals 461-83 (outer slope)
Dampier Archipelago 149-74 (10m)
Middle Ningaloo Reef 560-78, 906-85 (lagoon, 5-12m)

GENUS MONTIGYRA Matthai, 1928

Montigyra kenti Matthai, 1928
Veron (1986b): 556, 557

A distinctive genus known from a single colony from the Lacepede Islands. It has not
been observed during the present study.

Previous records from Western Australia: Lacepede Is., coll. Saville-Kent (BMNH
95.10.9.88, Holotype) Matthai (1928). Material examined, Holotype only.

FAMILY DENDROPHYLLIIDAE (Gray, 1847)

GENUS TURBINARIA Oken, 1815

As on the east coast, Turbinaria species become increasingly abundant the further south
they range. In general, there are greater similarities between coralla of most species from
high latitude localities on east and west coasts than there are between high and low

latitude localities on the same coast.
Turbinaria peltata (Esper, 1794)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 374-378, figs. 657-663, 837-840.

Usually uncommon but very conspicuous throughout most of the distribution range. A
single colony 1m high and 2-3m across has been recorded at Cockburn Sound; colonies

at Geographe Bay are >1m diameter.
119

Previous records from Western Australia: King Sound; Roebuck Bay; Shark Bay (Ber-
nard 1896); 42 miles WSW of Cape Jaubert, 31m, Folkeson (1919)

Records: Ashmore Reef 658-86 (outer slope, 12-20m)
Scott Reef V
Admiralty Gulf 136-77 (intertidal)
Broome 482-83 (intertidal)
Dampier Archipelago 258-73, 259-73, 194-84, 500-78, 507-78, 512-80, 513-80, 195-84,
502-78, 503-78, 540-78, 268-85, 269-85, 496-85 (lagoon, 3-4m; reef front)
Passage Is. 354-80, 386-80, 11-83, 107-81 (0-28m)
Ningaloo Reef ‘Tract V
Bernier I, 143-81 (2-4m)
Dorre L 141-81, 138-81, 135-81 (0-5m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 564-79, 679-81, 674-81 (9-18m)
Dirk Hartog I. 684-81, 11-59, 480-79 (1-6m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 379-79, 164-78
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V
Perth 77-77, 316-78 (4-35m)
Fremantle 339-80, 340-80, 338-80 (9-12m)
Cockburn Sound 8-59 (4-5m)
Geographe Bay 24-59, 86-78, 310-78, 279-73 (9-18m)

Turbinaria patula (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 378-381 figs. 664-669.
Uncommon: unrecorded from temperate localities where it is relatively common on the
east Coast.
Previous records from Western Australia: Holothuria Bank (Bernard 1896); 45 miles
WSW of Cape Jaubert (Folkeson 1919)
Records: Broome V
Dampier Archipelago 530-78, 497-85 (6m)
Cape Preston 359-80 (25m)
Barrow I. 106-81, 484-81 (28m)

Turbinaria frondens (Dana, 1846)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 381-386, figs. 670-677, 846-849.
Very common throughout the distribution range. Coralla from temperate localities on
both east and west coasts (Veron 1986b, p. 566, fig. 1, at Eagle Bay) tend to develop
thickened branch-like fronds with distinctive, very exsert, conical corallites.
Previous records from Western Australia: King Sound; Roebuck Bay (as T. edwards)
Bernard (1896); Shark Bay (as T. magna) Bernard (1896)
Records: Ashmore Reef

Scott Reef V

Rowley Shoals V

Admiralty Gulf 148-77 (intertidal)

Cockatoo I. 266-85

Port Hedland 10-83, 13-83, 14-83, 15-83 (16-30m)

Dampier Archipelago 534-80, 545-78, 546-78, 263-85, 260-73, 42-72, 261-73, 523-80,

516-80, 524-80, 532-80, 519-80 (5-9m)

Barrow I. 489-81

Passage Is. 108-81, 349-80, 359-80, 146-81, 357-80, 353-80, 350-80 (0-25m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 19-81, 217-81, 235-77 (back reef; outer slope, 6-9m)

Middle Ningaloo Reefs V

120

Bernier I. 142-81] (2-4m)

Dorre I. 139-81, 136-81, 140-81, 397-81, 137-81 (0-4m)

South Passage, Shark Bay 471-79, 464-79, 459-79, 460-79, 764-81 (1-10m)

Dirk Hartog I. 465-79, 754-81, 576-79, 685-81, 461-79, 479-79 (1-6m)

North I. (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 501-85

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 159-78, 158-78, 377-79 (8-15m)

Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V

Pelsaert Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 502-85, 320-77 (4-5m)

Port Gregory 132-58

Port Denison 500-85

Lancelin 26-88 (1-3m)

Rottnest I. 95-85, 134-58, 8-84, 184-78, 9-84 (2-5m)

Fremantle 267-85 (3-6m)

Cockburn Sound 264-85, 458-78, 133-58, 497-81 (3-4m)

Bunbury 760-81

Geographe Bay 56-85, 25-59, 283-73, 1062-79 (4-20m)

King George Sound 5-87 (8-10m)

Bremer Bay 501-81 (6m)

Duke of Orleans Bay 504-81 (on granite at 7m; colony 7m diameter, stalked, with
several flattish plates)

Turbinaria mesenterina (Lamarck, 1816)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 386, figs. 678-693, 841-844.
Very common throughout the distribution range, especially at higher latitudes. At
Geographe Bay colonies consists of tiers of plates up to 3m high and 3m across.
Previous records from Western Australia: 45 miles WSW of Cape Jaubert (as T. spec-
iosa) Folkeson (1919).
Records: Ashmore Reef
Rowley Shoals 470-83 (reef flat)
Broome 492-83, 478-83 (intertidal)
Dampier Archipelago 541-78, 542-78, 543-78, 514-80, 537-78, 518-80, 17-83 (4-38m)
Passage Is. 346-80, 355-80, 352-80 (2-17m)
Bundegi Reef, Exmouth Gulf 439-81, 440-81 (2-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 33-81, 237-77, 236-77 (outer slope, 12-15m)
Dirk Hartog I. 767-81, 463-79, 481-79 (1-5m)
Shark Bay 680-81, 681-81, 675-81 (16-18m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V
Easter Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 897-81 (1-2m)
Port Gregory 591-84
Port Denison V
Jurien Bay 73-85
Rottnest I, 10-84, 498-81, 84-85 (1-5m)
Garden I. 695-81 (9-12m)
Geographe Bay 280-73, 599-84 (3-20m)
King George Sound 569-79 (17m)
Esperance 502-81 (18-45m)
Recherche Archipelago 503-81
Turbinaria reniformis (Bernard, 1896)
Veron and Pichon (1980): 391-395, figs. 694-698, 843-845, 854.
n than T. mesenterina in the tropics and at Houtman Abrolhos Is., but is

Less commo
the dominant species at the Recherche

common at more southerly localities and it is
Archipelago.
12]

Records: Ashmore Reef 518-86, 817-86 (outer slope, 12-20m)

Scott Reef V

Dampier Archipelago 163-74, 539-78, 536-80, 531-80 (reef flat; reef front)

Montebello Is.

Passage Is. 343-80 (2-5m)

Northern Ningaloo Reefs 79-81, 234-77 (outer slope, 2-15m)

Dirk Hartog I. 756-81 (3-6m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 153-88

Houtman Abrolhos Is. 499-85

Lancelin 158-81, 27-88 (1-3m)

Fremantle

Rottnest I. 164-80

Geographe Bay 499-81, 312-78, 313-78, 314-78, 315-78, 450-79, 281-73, 282-73, 500-81
(16-20m)

King George Sound 6-87 (10-12m)

Hopetoun 416-86 (15m)

Recherche Archipelago 123-85, 128-85, 126-85, 399-86 (9-20m)

Turbinaria stellulata (Lamarck, 1816)
Veron and Pichon (1980); 395-400, figs. 699-705, 850-854.

Usually uncommon throughout the distribution range.

Records: Ashmore Reef 641-86 (lagoon, 0-6m)
Scott Reef V
Rowley Shoals 212-83, 402-83, 264-83, 265-85 (lagoon, 2-18m)
Dampier Archipelago 530-80, 520-80, 39-72 (reef flat)
Montebello Is. 358-80 (3-4m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 453-81 (outer slope, 8-1 1m)
Middle Ningaloo Reefs 506-78
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) V

Turbinaria bifrons Bruggemann, 1877
Veron and Pichon (1980): 400-406, figs. 706-711, 855.

Usually uncommon except for some restricted coastal localities.

Previous records from Western Australia: Western Australia, coll. Capt. Beckett, Bernard
(1896); Bassett-Smith Shoal, Holothuria Reef, coll. Admirality, (as T. aequalis) Bernard
(1896); Roebuck Bay (as T. dendrophyllia) Bernard (1896).

Records: Yampi Sound 167-77
Broome 487-83, 483-83, 495-83 (intertidal)
Dampier Archipelago 510-80, 529-78, 533-78, 521-80, 973-79, 522-80, 532-78, 534-78,
535-78, 536-78, 974-79 (intertidal; 0-5m)
Barrow I. 248-74 (back reef)
Passage Is. 356-80, 807-81, 348-80 (intertidal; 0-5m)
Northern Ningaloo Reefs 196-81 (outer slope, 12-15m)
Bernier I. 145-81 (2-4m)
Dorre I. 395-81 (0-4m)
Shark Bay 713-81, 678-81, 677-81, 596-81, 1024-79 (1-6m)
Dirk Hartog I. 686-81, 683-81, 485-79, 486-79, 483-79, 484-79 (0-5m)
South Passage, Shark Bay 482-79 (9-12m)
Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 28-88 (9m)
Port Gregory 592-84, 202-84

122

Turbinaria conspicua Bernard, 1896
Turbinaria conspicua Bernard 1896: 70-72, pls 22, 33 fig 2.

Uncommon except for Dampier Archipelago (Veron 1986b, p. 571, fig. 1).

Previous records from Western Australia: Shark Bay (type loc.) Saville-Kent coll., Ber-
nard (1896). Bernard (1896) examined a large series of specimens of which 16 were
collected by Saville-Kent at Shark Bay which is assumed to be the type locality, no type
specimen was designated.
Records: Kimberley Coast

Dampier Archipelago 198-84, 531-78, 197-84 (4-5m)

Ningaloo Reefs

Dirk Hartog I. 487-79 (4-5m)

Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 216-78 (33m)

Port Denison 201-84

Turbinaria radicalis Bernard, 1986
Veron and Pichon (1980): 406-408, figs. 712-716

Records: Wallabi Group (Houtman Abrolhos Is.) 29-88

Turbinaria sp. |
Not recorded from eastern Australia.
Records: Dampier Archipelago 498-85
Passage Is. 347-80 (2-5m)
Dirk Hartog I. 462-79, 478-79, 21-59 (0-12m)

GENUS DUNCANOPSAMMIA Wells, 1936
Duncanopsammia axifuga (Edwards & Haime, 1848)
Veron and Pichon (1980); 412-415, figs. 722-725.
Usually uncommon but very conspicuous; restricted to protected soft substrates.
Records: Admiralty Gulf 141-77 (intertidal)
Dampier Archipelago 491-80, 414-78, 415-78 (3-4m)
Passage Is. 369-80, 385-80 (0-5m)
Ningaloo Reef Tract
South Passage, Shark Bay 559-79, 1025-79 (18-20m)
Dirk Hartog I. 12-59 (4-5m)

GENUS HETEROPSAMMIA Edwards & Haime, 1848

Heteropsammia cochlea (Spengler, 1781)
Seldom found as the species is restricted to soft, deep substrates where it may occur in
dense aggregations.
Records: Port Hedland 77-83 (65-68m)
Dampier Archipelago 90-83 (50-52m)
Northwest Cape 503-85 (137m)
Houtman Abrolhos
Port Gregory

123

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

A large number of people, who cannot all be acknowledged here, have contri-
buted ‘9 the coral collections of the Western Australian museum (see introduct-
ory sections). Many more have contributed to field work for the present publi-
cation. Field work was funded by the Western Australian Museum (partly
through the Marine Science and Technology Grants Scheme), the Australian
Institute of Marine Science, the Western Australian Department of Conservation
and Land Management, the Western Australian Environmental Protection
Authority, and the Marine Laboratories of the CSIRO, Perth. The authors
gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Western Australian Museum staff, es-
pecially Dr P. Berry, Mr Clay Bryce and Ms Shirley Slack-smith, the assistance
of Mr Ed Lovell and Mr J. Carleton (AIMS), Dr Barry Wilson (CALM), Drs
Chris Simpson and Graham Chittleborough (EPA), Dr Bruce Hatcher (CSIRO)
and Mr Peter Sartori (of M.V. Piscean). We also thank Mrs Anne Nevin (WAM)
and Ms Frances Conn (AIMS) for typing the manuscript.

124

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132

Index of scientific names

ACENERASUTED basis ews jess beret be wldcee es eg ee 92
Dower bankht coc cer scence nein ee banneeees 92
6chinidtans £.. SRA GUSR spate ceed a asec oa 92
AOE so tee ck fy a Pace hee ke ba bit 92
LOLA OWONSIS orien iain gs Sle Rene Pe ae 92

ACTREMIO. cond b$ ive a NERA SE Bede BLE 4S 87
ROTTESEENS. «Waters Fy Thea pigs oS DE ARES 87

ACTOPOT cece eee eee ee eee 3, 10, 20, 22, 47
ADTOLAOSENSIS Gene eA oS BH eee OES Oo 6, 17, 52
AculeUs. ahaa fave nee eis eek Bas 47, 59
ACUM MAES D9 TGR AY SES SRST he BA 52
ANINOCETCIS a Bidens (6 bree ete tea a de DS
SPOT, ‘sa tee ai gh gies anya len in je ailae alla tes af w! odnlie a jate o's 54
OUSLONG fp ac p ack Gio en ae ala eee teen eas tty DA
OYUCELECMANNL ccc cc ccc cee cnn ene e eens 48
DUSTY EPISIS IL a seems ca en a See elafelonste dae Re oe tO
CATOUNIANA coc ccc cee eee ee eens 62
GOTEOUES” afte geist a Gee Feet p leet tele Die ays 09).
Clathtatiar ite ene Bain oF eat ee® 17, 60
CVTREVC Oa e aft oxen hewin ea ek ab actpapa aes 17, 56
GONG cw cia Hea aa os ONS Siesta OO
EDIT IT in Beh gh Aa ae hk Bb ge A 56
neattperde 2 oR oh. 5-2 a cae otk ates OA 49
TUGTICULO = wa 9) cteel a cw tea gag tae aed tle ace, tC 47, 60
BONEE. «cee ed's had eae als ee ie oO
BIST seo a bo Bae ghd ee ee Fete fee ete 61
EXQUISELD 06 ccs vad tain teen eee nee snonee 63
FlOTIMNA Voce cca ccc ewe eee e rene eens 18, 62
fOVNOSA co civ eee eee ee eels 18, 52
ZOMMIUYPCTA voce c ccc ccceccceereeceees 47, 48
CLGUCH: Lia Fak 5 eerie ees A neg BD
BTANGIS caves eve cerseeeganreeenens 47, 51
BTANUIOSA voce cece nce n cent eee e eens 61
NOrvrvidd wc cccccccccccceccecceceeces D3, 63
1 ee a ee a oe 2) 47, 48
RyACINthus occ cece eccccnenn eee ceeceees 57
LL oe oP eee ee Perr Ter ee 58
LESEBLE wie eee.) ate yeh 9D 2 dee 0 betes o Saw OF 51
lOngicyalhus ve ceccnccereeceenereeenees 61
Cr 61
lovelld .cccccccccsnneeeneceneerteseees 50
microcladOS ..ececccccceeeerer er ecce ee DG
microphthala occ ccrccceceeereeeenee 53
MillePpOTA vec cecccce reece e ree eeeeeeee 55
MONLICULOSA oo vnc cc ence nee ee ee eens 47, 49
NANA .seeee febtg-g giao eek a Lbiioe ash seg ate ee mt Sg 58
NASULA we cccccccecceccecnceseeeeneenes 59
HOD cos cd eee biee cena weve bere eeeeran 51
palifera vc ccceveceeeece ee eeeneeeees 47, 48
paniculata occ eee e eee eennnnreneeeeees 57
POLYSLOMA va ceencnnnre rene eee ennnes 51

PULCPNO ono tbe apn acd oie al bse ace yah ate a: ote gE 4
POOUSLE. 4.3.95 6 48:8 Bedi a Laer e dee Leas oe mae DD)
SATROCMSIS 4.4.56 d.0.6 G0 as 8 ERAS EER ES 17, 49
SQYTINCNLOSA coca cece nce e eee eee n eee 17, 62
SOLMEO 54 one ago Geant gin gt oaia tip ay papers 22. ae
SOLUATYONSIS . oaceecs Aereca Be) anvdth fe eet tele aye Oe 60
SHICU ETAT Bae PONS PRM ee ate lhe 17,57
SLGAMGTE. wc Sopdet Bake electors pe dees 17, 60
SUD TIANA aie cielo e poe ncn ences wad Sin gE eae 61
SUBULGI. ns he ee ee OED eden yg LDS
LEIS 5a 5s ea dhe bad oa ae ofiban O55,
COTTUOSO cous 6 ase alten a oe tale bi ape ag plats DD
VALENCIENNES 6 vada cece acces ees w anne eo D2
VAUTDO= piped At agte Se tasglp ase egg 2 ee a Te
UOUSRGMN ane fsa AA ohn tiene hdc ele Sete epee DF
UGNUOVE Lira a ae 8 Alp aren aheleie pajele ear ne gees 49
WILLTSAE® aro ce wiv lw aiphe a orien ea ese aah sens wh 17, 62
YONGEL 4 cnc ee De Veeco tone tad nee. 4 OO
Acroporidae . 60. c cece ee ee BB
AGArictidae occ cece cee ween eee nwens 76
ALDEOPOTE own Cees ne beep ee yee eae 70
BURT. Sa Rice RA Se eg ae hs la ee cates 71
CALA Ln cana aera Hite fp SRE a ards ode lee ale eee 70
fONCSUTQIG oc cc eee e eee e ween 22,71
BIAS. os. Sees TO, FI eM 52 decent 6, 71
SPONQUOSA vee cece nent eet e eee 72
LUT ao iin a whine ne sla ad pate Bae dcp es a 72
UPC EAE saecde wid wins pci eee eles RED RE Le 71
ANACTOPOTA vo ccc eee eee ene eee 47
puerlogalerde oc. cece ccc eee eee e nena 47
ASUITCOPOVA voce cee eens 63
OXPIANAld voce cece eee ee eee 6, 53, 64
BTOCUIS: seks DA da eg aie ace ee le eee feels ee 63
MyrtOPhthalMa wove cece reece ee ernees 1, 63
Ocellatd saws e ate «lace Mrs allt oo dee 4, 64
Astrocoeniida@. .. 2c eee eee ee eee eee ee BD
AustvaloMmussd cevcccccccnncereeeeeeeeeee 9]
TOWILEVEONSIS ceca nee e cee n nen eeneneee 6, 91
Barabautoid occ ccc tence 6, 101
AMICOTUM cece ceneneneeereeenenneene 101
BlaStOMUSSA 6 oc vec ccc ewer eee eeeenaeenes 90
WOTLEUL gn icgean cu ale nja a oie et byh ee area eee A 90
TELUS Tssak betcilad eWeek WA HALY wn ata] gearvle’y 91
Caryophylliidae 2.6... eee eee eee eee es 117
Catalaphyllia ccc cece eee teens 118
JATUINET veces ence nee enenneeeeees 5, 17, 118
Caulastved ccc cece enn ene e eee eneeee 18, 97
JUYCULD cece cee eet en eens 97
ltumida ..sseaee Paldceta eet acarsle as, hatin Oe
Coeloservis ccc cc ccc s ease eenaneeenenas ... 80
MAYEN voce cee eee ees 80

133

COSCINGTACO . voce ce eee een en eee enas 74
COWWNMA§. yh ae OU ie hae eee eerie es 75
CRASH ea ee cbt ne ae Ale dale een gE A 74
MAYSRAC occa cece eee ee eee eens DI, 23, 75, 94
MONG cece ee tte ee ehh eon 23,75, 91

Oycloseris ina cc eng gc ec ee hbase ees 81, 82
COSt La a aad ea tte ee wie hole ak ee 81
CYCLOLUES vac cece sec ee eer bene nneecd a Dy Bl
MAATEINAA cave cece eee n ees 82
NOUNCED soccer cccccuvecsebeesenrerons 81
OG CL 81
SULCTISTS ov sis gle 4 eda ake ela nce oad Hara na ed ee 82
VOUTHANE cae sag g cee ace eee eee eee 81

CyPhaseved ccc c acc eee nee eens 113
Chaletdicuum .vcccveccccsaeecceccseeees 114
MACTOPRIMALMNA coc cc cece ee cececeeeee 2, 14
SOVO GS oi ely le cee es hb nie aah gE 113

Dendrophylliidae .. 0... eee eee 119

DiOSOTIS a oig sg yd oo Te TT a 4 Be Bae pte eek 82
GISWOTIO. 1 bate a sc yegiete wane wel det 82
fTAGTIS aves cece eee e reeset ebanneeeee 82

Diplodstved voce cece eee eee 112
Cy 0 rr 112

DUNCANOPSAINMIG voc vce e een eee ee 18, 123
URTURE acces cose esd tm hee eeh es 17, 123

Echinophylltd occ cee eens 88
ASPCYA cece cn eee ere anes een aeteneeeenes 88
COMA 4 nie sods ATO haan Siglaletel es cuale alecena OE 88
OTPHEENSIS soccer ves cece nn eae e eens 88

ECHINOPOTG ¢ cece cc eee cece new test eranas 115
LOMMACEE beac c ence wee nn ware betereees 116
AivsudisSimas Sede Blas be bala ba es 115
POP A- wss-evcbiecace eb y yy botate. « Bane ete gle sag AQ 115
lamielloSec sve se ba be eee oe ae 115, 116
MNAMIMIUOTMNES 0s oe ce cence ewes een eese 116

Ettphyllia cscs ceen ae cow aie tone sees 17, 18, 117
ANCOTO ues2 hi jp papers we ook Hie lole Dd Te Wile aon! ole e 118
CYUSUG 5a sv aie a ee ere peg bee ce nes 118
GUS Des wid red Caneel tree eG gp eg ce > tte 3.8 118
GIADVOSCONS Cove c ccc e cece eee ee eee 25, 7

| a i a gE ar ce 98, 101, 104
fQUUS cana as cnces este een een eeegaete 99
helianthoides occa ccc eee newness 98
lata eRe wpe Maye Reis A relays et aratie ts 98
UZOTAONSTS scent eG eh 8 6 NE ae le nla whee 99
MAUNA 6b sd eceres awh vege we cee abe eee 100
TAKIN oo oe sagen do Sa gala, eopee eda Shee a 100
PAllidd. ccc ccc cccceveceneeererereeceees 98
TOLUMANGA coccscgaccununentseraeenes 100
POLUMIAGLA as bn ee aie a Wee bee Cee ee 100
SPOCCIOSA cov cc enc n ence ence nnn neennes 6, 99
SHEL VETA coven nce ccccnnesscceevenceees 98

VETORT wuteurdardea wari lets en ip eo alge g tre ele p ibe te 101

Faviidae oo. c eee ee eee eee ee eee teen eens 97

FQUULES eae 4 canes aang ee ee anenes 23, 100, 101
ADdIUA voc ccc cece eee eee eee D, LOL
CHINENSIS occ teeta cece nee beeees 102
COMPIANALA voc cece cece 103
flCXUOSA ove ccc cnc n cece nena eennes 5, 102
AGUCOMA hace vee dhe tae en cee ens 102
PCNLAZONG vec ece ccc ceeeenneeeenreeees 103
VUsSCLLEN SON, Fae eR is wae elec bees 104

| 82
CONCINNA . ow cease cece cence eee nneeee 84
CORUMAUG ioe ae ve ee eae ea eee 84
JUNQUCS Cove ce eee eee een eens 83
QTANUIOSA voce c eee cence ene e tee eeneeee 84
ROTI caccccr cen bawd en ntab nae ane ange 83
RIUNZNGTETE occ cece ees ce nce rewaenaees 83
PQUMOLENSIS Coc rence ene e ene e ene eeee 84
TOPANdA coc vvcccc cree ncn eeneeeenees 82, 83
SCTUPOSA cence cece nen nent e eee n eee eene 83
SCULUTUE 0 cidaleiaglig ne easing bo ae Sint ae 82, 84
SIMPLEX Cove cnc cence eee e eee eee es 5, BS
VETTE. saeg owl fedeg nc dette 9 érsaiee nis an ah hl 83

Fungiidae 02... cc eee cee ce eee ee tee eens 81

Galaxea: vac. cc area od soe ae He Oe fees F 87
OSITEQIA gies alate ater tag Naa Pee aha aes 87
PaSciCulatisic & sae carer ed doeeie ate ey aera 87

GAVAINCTOSENIS oc eee eens 80
plantulatd. cc ccc ccc ccc cn cece ene e cence 80

GORTSTION Boe ok Te TE wide oa ede 3, 23, 104
hy 12) ne ee oe ee 105
QUSUTALENSIS Cece eee eee ee oD, 106, 107
COWATAST: tou sderd Radler its gt eee oN ag BAS 104
fA UIUS. “ED ba on Gio et AN he ee TA ae 105
PALQUENSIS .ovc ce sean newer ene e dene 107
PECLINALG 6 oi vse e eee ea ce deen eee eels 106
VELUPOYNIS soba e eect n eee ee cn eee ne teens 104

GONLOPOTA cave vce c cree ene e nee eeeeeees 4, 68
COLUTIIG: 5 66 piding a als Bag Ole we ee ee ies 68
AjiDOULIENSIS Co cece cece eee eee e en enee 69
LOB AUG te den 2 hs GOR, Ta ON La aes 68
TPLINIOT: foe oreo th ae ed a REN wea ee oe gh eA Og 69
PALMENSIS cove ce crn cnc een eds s see bennns 69
PANAOVACNSIS Cae e cence ene e nn eeeeeeeees 69
Pendulus sc ccwccsicsewnsnrcseseaees 6, 68
SOMUQUENSIS: ooo cigs eae eb aee owe dee ewes 69
SEORCSIc cc ee boa a a nee Oe eee eee ed 68
SERECR DUTY wos Kalas ae eee ages be ee pe 4, 70
LENUIENS vd ee ba ee BER Cree 69

HeliofUngia voc cccceccccccn cence ene eees 82
ACLINIFOTNIS occ cece eee ewe neene nena 82

Herpolitha .occccc cece cece een eee cence 5, BS
LING Lajas cng 4 cote Ga hl GD elas Pees fhe Ne 85
WEDEYE shtla tevin aueiete y 4 Maleate gta ee elimi es 85

FeterOpSQMmMid .eveccccccccnccccceccees 123

COCKER. SO aie Pe eT se ee AS 123
Hydnophora .. ccc cece cece cece nee ee nees 95
CNESA 2 0% Hk Blk bia eee ne na ee DFO
INICVOC ONS. «ins adaii’s 94 G0 sie note Cie amine $end 96
PUOS Aoi ae Hae Bedaapee a TTA, Wey Pes 6, 95
TESTO Oty ace] bys, 304) wale REA eee ecient WE SE 95
7s 2 ee a ea ee 112
DOWAE ales eg th SEA cee bWtepe aches etie Ente 112
INMEGUALIS’.. 2515). Ti% oo ase ea me 112, 113
PTULMOSEH 5p chek Ae eo og wseasie, ace dow are Malan 113
DUTPUTEO. 2 6 5 a6 3,4 Dip sd O58 ES IA RP ESE 113
TPOTISUETSOR-n¥ och) osg ee oe Pee eed eg tee OS 113
Leplaraa)s bale ae ears ince he ba emails aes 109
DUTY RIG. le oats as eee ee eed Fe ae 109
TG DUO8O0I8 6 a5 Seam Ha tea oh UT Mee AT 78
EXDIARMIA 06 nese aie see oa Fiabe bees 6, 78
fOWOSU OF ok oa coy hsb eg oa EE Caw ie 79
PRQWATIENSIS. oo atta gen abe eee ee 6, 78
THCTUSTONS. 5 oa ob 4 6 5)4 Pa tg ee Reo eS EEE 79
MYCCLOSCETOULUES oc ccc cee nee e eens 6, 79
DAPYVTACED navs bene ees ea ee eae eed bes 78
SOB O oa pi bs wren fence ang aed o's poche! she gulerpis 6, 78
VAR es as oth cede 6 OA wei ne Sake ECE EEE be 79
Lithophyllon .. veses cscg eae ec ew cage ed 86
CAWMATESE 5.6 ep aod See wee E EE 86
Lobophyllia 2 oo po ce eciee pe es ON aE ee 92
COTYMDOSE Le cee eee eee ee DB
ATION So oe ie + gan tacit Sard ed eg ea Me 93
Fe@tant rs 009s she a Fae ha ek ore el el etnbiele 93
Rhemprichti vce ceccccecccccceeceee 5, 92, 93
Merling: cic cc ee eee a eee ee eee alee eae 96
AM PlIAtdy eee wee er eee ener erase ne 96
SCODVICULEL MG % ase n eee ah bie be oe dove w yale ae sce 97
Merullinidae 1... ees eee nen sete ea enee 95
MOntastred occ eee eee eee 110
AMNULIGETA cece eee tee ees 110
OUTTA Sas ah OF bn Tak rave Sere Fah ace ae 110
MaACNISLCLLALG 6 eee cece eee eee eee ees 110
VAIENCIEANICS! occ cee ence c eee e ene eens lll
MONLIGY1A oc eee tees 119
Benth: pasa fale OPOTNTOT Es Lae oe DLT ATID
MONUPOTd weve ecn cere cere eens 3,4, 23, 38, 47
aequiluberculatd ...cceccre cee eeeee eens 46
ANGUIALA cece cece eee eee teens 38, 44
QUSLYAIICNSIS oc cc eee teens 4, 45
COICATED vec ccc eee nee teen eens 41
CALICULALA oo eee eee eee 44
COP, NTS voce eee eee ence eee eeeeeee 6, 42
crassiuberCulala occ cece nccneeceeneee 4, 46
| a ee 43
digitata 6. ccc cece eee cence teens 44
PAFIOTESCENS wee ece ences ener ee teenees 45

135

PLOW ETE, sence ee bbe bb at Md tea ee eee 39
FOROSOQ 5.2% AG rahede 5. 5% gon eea she 6) say bele + lees 4, 46
fOVEOLAE ego COPEL ae Chath abe e Tee 43
BYES OG satarahe een eA teeta we Waltacae ace oboe Feb styd 45
RisSpida. ice cee cet hee pete cree had 44
hOffrneistért- os ced alee bana dae ega 39
FVCTOSSOUG, esp te-art ARs a ane ye a a ase Sec 43
INfFOTMUS voce cece cece cece eee e eee ee 38, 46
HEC EBON occ", nae 4 Seanete te tate Ev eee 4, 39
MIOUIS. pee eed nied de doce cuties 4, 5, 22, 38, 40
MONASLETIQLA Coc eee eens 39
TLOGOSO + own a sb bE ao ba SAAT Ce PEE Ohh 45
PEMPOVINIS 4 Hy od 5 als COE flee Ree So aS 41
SPONGOMES cocci ceee ese ctettnecices 38, 42
SPUITIOSE. 634. o'6 a 0 tig ese aieh ag OE oe wed 40, 42
SHOU OIG. v sds a nw Go a yee Ae SEH 4, 45
tiberctilosa. 33722 Soo APSA At 89
HUPOOSCONS Sipe ae. otra ae ek gectce a 4, 41
tUrtleNSIS occ cee ee eee eee ee 38, 40
tela. cwedegs wee wiadee ae at aed oe Geos hes 42
UCTOS Te OE IO, cs 4 SIS ah Thay 44
ANOVIULC OSE 0d sar asain Soe org 988 Foereze lew. foe peel alee 43
Moseleya .. 0. ccc cece wee eee en eneeee 18, 20, 116
latis@HGlats 1, etee hehe i ee f4e+ ete tes D116
Miuissidde. f5-i seas soa ea ee ew eliba ras basses 90
MYyCOdiUM 2. ccc centre cence cece seen eeteee 89
Clephantotus cc ccc cece cece ence cee e aces 89
TODORGRT -io's ecgn ane 6 Oats eee eee Pee es ee 89
Oculinidae . 2 ccc ee eee ee eee eee eee 87
Oveldstiet: ek eceetee cere ty 2s a a ete dence ys yeu 112
CHESDOLA. ws ase atena ob a doen ae Dae Pe ede 0 TS 17, 112
Oulophyllia vc. cece cee cence 109
DENNCUAE Cee eee ee eee eee 110
CLIP Gmtea sy 6 gia wie ole cule ys ee he a Fiqchet aa 109
OXYPOTA coc cece eee enee 88
41 ene ee ee ee ee 89
LAE BV Gg ré wie bk wrady Bootes e doe econ tke exe eR S 88, 89
PACRYSENIS cae cence cnn bana eden eget 80
TUZOSA cece ccc cee n ene ce eee rete ee enes 80
SPECIOSA oo ence ae dea eee e eee eee wae 80
Palarastred ov esis ne eee eel nh bh te 8 tale 38
TOITIOSD. gcc riewiele wane cE Rep AT OWED bee coals 38
PAYOR 6 66 aseke oak oe Aa bk 0 8G F elie dee 76, 78
COCIUS: Bb Da Wide Sle ea ae ec ete re bbe eres 76
Chats: 3. pc agate etna n Sedehbian ns th tee tt 76
ACCUSSAEG o ijen hate ene bod hae Ore dee eee 76
explanulata ..cccccecccecceeeereeeeenee 76
maldtvensis ..ccccerccccccccceneveecees 77
OL ae eT eee ere 18, 77
UAVIANS sb ameea s bee oh aa aad aes een a edeale as 77
UCHOSE yahe ann ne hGH Alben « Salatatereta week pcececee 77
PECU IG Shmg ern wets en write aa agin Oh Pile 90
BICTBOTINIS Sook Da ewe oe SE Cb bein gc rg eters 90

LACTRICG +b aiecine aloes £4 Hea dee alee Vale 4 4,)tee 90
PLEQTU oa 4 irae v5 ag ide ae phels, + Fog PE aS Has ae 90
PORES si Fe ce cacecatey s Whasile als eselec$. old atinajess olde she 90
Pectityndae je aces path oh ea ate eae wae ees 88
PENS QOVf toaas sie vale ale ae eee abla 119
lachlerstetntess Pek ile So Gi OR are 9 bb’ 119
Plat cyte ance eas staal 9 Fate, eet Ad laces 107
dacdilea™ iis nt decreas bards £45 Pa 2 107
famellinas 5 a2caene ees fea es ego be 0,107
PUES AES tears C4 bodes epee pet Hie Pe a eS 108
TYURVUGTISTS “Sra Vegtid 5 6 Aceh ate jell cold ad + edigt dye 109
SUMCHSIS Loce dev cs asada 0 8 a tbe eg: bree ecactes e 108
VOTULOVTE oie Oe TBE od Va ee ee sca ath 109
PLO BITE: Wqtise eet) UA este maka nes 119
SEVEN hin yan Waa he Ben ala a tae AG ede LEG.
PLES ONT COR ae 5 MALETIN scieseoea cael eee deeded 111
WPS OTE hi eni-ton dol oly a teeta te (oh 5. 0 Shel 2,5, 25, I
POC IPOLOS. os regina eter tecebels e eoiewee taba SBD
UANUCOTNIS: “paral ab pep igee te ea ie erga By 22390
OV MO URL easb08 ak ee adeny BEAL, leet ao 18, 37
Mean weve d eck ela ee whi a bed eine BO
VEICOSO shag orecgs igs ba a elylalabe ls eles ples DO
WOOKJONEST: sscna dD Vat ace die» HE Mels oie te
Pocilloporidac. cc. eee ee ee BD
POMKUGCIG Ai Sitatixits BALA WA, Medi gey eee barged: 86
CTUSLUCEG- vse 5 oo Hee Dalia le ip daten'y 6 at Sa eRe Ap Locate 86
POlypliylliasasselere ciple cetera e alaatentens, eagea tie 85
LAID ING. vid. so ecfadine Seas, clean. tinbe''e fe Thee tate Oy BD:
POPUES? be poi ope APO AE Megardaalolicg nine ae, LU 64
CMAN CAS when adie Dadi ob4 a PRE 66
CLUE. wig aloe Pybyanty sepsis fl adased 3 arlesges 64, 67
Meroviensty yA EAb sg J yiaete tas in eee Belgie s 6, 66
LEGER vw ayes ee ele CEE Level ered 66
LOB Otic Merteted techie diate eee 65
DOP sas she Ree 0:. 2A te fentece Dodo nase sooie, Dna 22, 64, 65
TUTTO CNS IS. 4 De Pind eo anaes ba mated deh date 65
PLISTESCETISRS Setanta eerie dart A. boat Ea ghee 66
HUSA RRO Se oP oma a clea ag 54s gl aha hs gna hee ies alee stead « 67
SOUL a hangs yet wha D cathe (Arg era cl ala athe es 64
SLOPMEMSON E04, vee, ese tele an oid teal ail gi4 ve se! ecorep 3G 65
aU han Ws ciekes Seite ye eateee ePakeeans 66
POUTT AG sae je ota este al seca ote alacscane'y Pal e-otelgpaees 64
PSAIMTHOCOTO aca “Recens tetas oe set ecabede rey $ ace bao cnaster 72
CONMTSUO! stitbiy cen exe anand 6 © nteea-ai a pop ee 73

APUG, 14. a ered, adigw aly 2 Hb deh Oh ore ga eo 72

explanulala vs... cree Gee revelers les jee 74

NAIMCANA Leceeececeee AD FP RE DW [|
NACTSUTASRE hisycacer yea are et tate ete, F4
profundacella vacccccccccveees tea aula v6 73
SUUDETPICIOLIS ona-e oo cecg trees ete 8 ota shea arene iar dS
Pseudosidevastved vieccccccccccnnncees Sata 72
LANATIATY Sena a ce NP aqeapa die ose este sash adine ahs noe I2
Sandalolitha ..... J hates eat ares eal .. . 86
VODUSUAs sabes \s hod a0 a 5 Seta ae tary Ee gin agers ipl 86
Scapophyllia..... Ese pe arse ped onde Fhe G2)
CYLTHATICA 5. o:ajs.e ols, ope gle oaks, 4 she ess eaters 30 OY
SCOlYMId co ccc cece eee eee rele Dee eatare eter ... 91
USN ALES Sa a5 5 4-4 sgt oe ages elege Eo a 5, 23, 91
VUTOTISTSIO ale OE AERA TRS INI Ge ctininnta a eee
SEN ALOP OLAS saben tine oosid! atm peaks, o Pabeecas | Tea OO
COLIENAIUIN, serie td dee pha oei nee 35, 38
PNSUIR RS S284 BADIM EDR et co eS 37
Siderastreidae 2... cece sca ee ee eee bie eee lets 72
Stylocoentéllams wie ia weave:e ge beth wlere na gn $44 OD
ATINGLD steers Gate ark aletetera Spe tacace Wied e bards ree DD
guenthertic ves eel iat velit a Ae aha’: #539
Sty LOPMONA 68 oie ste cece nts SS pghaborece ls der abe fokere ... 38
PPUSHETUL Abt st San, 5:sayy? wha bys Beoetecslepiers Sead eed Aeepta 9 AGO
Symphylltad oo ccc dnn ede ncew eee new eee Jy 94
OMATICUG, ard phetect-diage aaeg a yk ce aed ve ease 94
CULUPESS decir apse abe gray eee Seaealle thesia eed ee oh 94
POM: 93s dee odors eed te GE ey Sangh aoe sD, OF
UGLENCTENNESIL Bice ig mcd bs bas eine bus 'e gea ye 95
WIUSONL cocci cc ccecncccececee D, 6, 23, 75, 94
Trach y phyllite occ eva oe ba ptlea 18, 116, 117
BOOLLTOV Ee ag heise he Ri apekavers ansiesad ebaygtect ete 5, 116
Trachyphyllidae. . 6... ce eee eee .. 116
TUTDINATIA oe eg hoe ee ne ee atten By 21, 23, 119
DIEPLONS Sekt Sete acts stein ge 4 teed beala Pond . 4, 122
COPS PICU. 4: Soa 2055 os Mote edi Qa stp age 08 3, 4, 123
JRONdENS Aihicicd shar a de eed Bus Be 1,5, 120
MESeNLETING olen «are putin a Lig eas ted 2205 121
patula ve. eee. Page th tecdy ach UqiabSettes toa wee. 4,5, 120
PEUGLA she obs oes w cine e arene ah ghd et sey Dy LO
POMC ULI ce ae BRS oe EO. Pe Qoastatio. 123.
TONUOTINUIS sat cea cash a Woe e ae ae wee eia ee 121
SLOT ULAED: voncs oa cansroten tops eee eles er eM Gdess S 122
Wellsophyllia .....4. Pepa dee eek se haaesie .. 117
WRATGLG oe elles 5 wep ily ceo eget asia fac iv de sebleng 117

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