Memoirs of the Queensland Museum. VOL. VII, PART II. Issued July 7th, 1925. =e EDITED BY THE DIRECTOR, HEBER A. LONGMAN, F.L.S. w Published by the Authority of the Chief Secretary for Queensland, the Hon. W. N. Gillies. MEMOIRS OF THHE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM, Vou. VIII, Parr II. CROCODILUS JOHNSONI KREFFT. By HEBER A. LONGMAN, DIRECTOR. (Plates XXITI-XXIV.) ALTHOUGH described by Krefft so long ago as 1873, but little attention has been given to the Long-snouted or Freshwater Crocodile, Crocodilus johnsont. In his valuable studies of skull characters of recent Crocodilia, C. C. Mook was able to give only a brief description, owing to absence of material. The following notes are mainly based on cranial material, but some other characters have been outlined and may be of value to systematists. A paper of this kind might be expanded into an elaborate monograph, but only such cranial and other characters as appear to be of special interest have been dealt with. The following are references to literature :— Crocodilus johnsoni, Krefit, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1873, p. 334-5. Philas johnstont, Gray, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1874, p. 177-8, Pl. 27. Crocodilus johnstoni, Boulenger, Brit. Mus. Cat. Chel, Rhynch & Croc., 1889, p. 279 (Port Darwin); F. Hann, Pr. Roy. Soc., Qid., xvi. 1901, p. 21 (Phillips River, West Australia); Ogilby, Pr. Roy. Soc., Qld., xviii, 1904, p. 201; xix., 1907, p. 4; Basedow, Pr. Roy. Geograph. Soc. Aus. (S.A. Br.) xviiil., 1918, p. 226 (Forest River, North-West Australia); Lucas & Le Souef, Animals of Australia, 1909, p. 189, photograph from life by A. E. H. Mattingley; C. C. Mook, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., xliv., 1921, p. 173. It will be noted that Krefit first described this crocodile specifically as johnsoni, but subsequently altered the spelling to ache as it was found by “Mr. Johnston, of Cardwell,’ Queensland.* * The late Sub-Inspector Robert Arthur Johnstone, of the Queensland Police, con- tributed to the Brisbane Press the following account of his discovery, for which I am indebted to Mr. Edgar Young, son-in-law, who is Honorary Collector to the Queensland Museum :— ‘The Herbert is the only eastern water in Australia in which is found the Crocodilus johnstonii, so named after the writer, who sent the first named specimen down which he shot in the Herbert, near the mounted police camp, at Cashmere, on the Upper Herbert. When I shot it I thought it was a freak, and not a distinct species, but sufficiently peculiar to forward as a Museum specimen; but after shooting many specimens all possessing the same peculiarities, I was satisfied it was a new species, being much smaller and perfectly harmless, as was proved by the fact of the piccaninnies, puppies, and all hands constantly “‘ bogeying ’’ in the same reach of the river where the crocodiles were seen daily. Of all the numbers I shot I carefully opened them to examine the state of the larder, and never found anything larger than a water rat in it, with some lobster shells, stones, and moss, in each case the largest quantity being stone pebbles, to help digestion, I presume. The skin and flesh have a very strong smell of musk; in fact, after opening one it is impossible to get rid of the smell of musk for days, no matter how one tries. They are only found above the Herbert Falls, and the C. porosus below the falls.... C. johnstonii is harmless, and makes a nest of leaves, grass, and sand, forming a mound in which the eggs are buried.” G 96 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Material.—The specimens in the Queensland Museum are— J. 4279. A juvenile, 295 mm., in spirits. _ Wickham River, off Victoria River, Northern Territory, Mrs. T. Graham. J. 4283. A mounted specimen, juvenile, 740 mm. Locality doubtful. J. 4278. A mounted specimen, 2,273 mm. Burketown, F. H. Hann. J. 2788. Skin and skull, 2,343 mm. MHulbert’s Hole, Flinders River, 35 miles below Richmond, N.W. Qld., F. L. Berney. J. 4277. Skin and skull, smaller than above, damaged ; same locality. There are also four isolated crania, the largest (J. 4286) being 398 mm. from the anterior end of snout to the supra-occipital, and the smallest- 262 mm. The skin and skull sent in by Mr. F. L. Berney, from the Flinders River, 7 ft. 8} in. or 2,343 mm. in length, appears to be the record for the species (length of skull, snout to supra-occipital 375), but as the aged skull (J. 4286) is considerably larger it is obvious that this freshwater Crocodile reaches about 8 ft. Chief Cranial Characters—Skull small, with elongated snout. Cranial table flattened. Premaxille but little expanded; bony nasal septum absent ; no very dominant notches. Anterior portion of nasals sometimes hidden beneath premaxillaries. Dentition: Upper jaw 19 to 21; lower jaw 15 to 17, with occasional presence of double functioning teeth. Frontal-parietal suture anterior to supratemporal fenestre ; maxillo-palatine sutures extending far anterior to palatine fenestree. Quadrato-jugals with anterior fenestral processes. Mandibular symphysis ends between 6th and 7th teeth; splenial extending forward nearly to symphysis. Superior Surface—lIn general contours the skull resembles that of Crocodilus cataphractus, which in turn approaches that of Zomistema schegelt. The distance from the anterior border of the orbits to the tip of the snout is more than twice the breadth at the termination of the dental arcade in old specimens, and neatly three times this breadth in immature specimens. Premazillaries.—These are much longer than broad, and have prolonged posterior processes near the median line which may extend as far back as the third maxillary teeth, and which separate the nasals from the maxille in this region. The maximum length apart from the processes is at least twice the breadth at the notches. Except in the largest cranium these bones are not greatly expanded laterally beyond the line of the maxillaries. There are three lateral notches for the accommodation of the second, third, and fourth mandibular teeth on’ each side, the latter being the largest. The external narial aperture is somewhat variable in shape in the four specimens examined, being oval in the smaller and almost circular in the largest cranium. It is slightly smaller than a supratemporal fenestra. The anterior border is relatively smooth. The premaxillo-maxillary suture passes obliquely and irregularly back- ward to the attenuated processes, from whence it passes back at a very acute angle to the end of the bone and then returns forward, also very acutely, beside the nasal to meet its fellow on the median line. This suture is not completely shown on Plate XXIII. MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM, Vou. VIII., Puare XXIII. Fig. 1—Crocodilus johnsoni. Superior surface of cranium. J, 4280. Leneth 266 mm. Fig, 2—Crocodilus johnsoni. Lateral view of cranium, J, 4280, Face page 96. CROCODILUS JOHNSONI KREFFT.—LONGMAN. 97 Mazxillaries.—These elongated bones form by far the greater portion of the preorbital region, and owing to the narrowness of the nasals their superior borders come very close to each other. Boulenger’s statement that the maxillaries form a median suture above, behind the nasal opening, is incorrect for our specimens, and Mook interprets “ maxillaries’’ as a misprint for pre- maxillaries. The nasal bones are so attenuated, however, that it would not be surprising if specimens were found in which the second anterior elements actually met in the median line, hiding the nasals for a short distance. The length of the maxillo-nasal suture, which is fairly straight, is about equal to the maximum breadth of the maxille at the posterior end of the dental arcade. The suture with the lachrymal is less than half the length of that with the jugal or malar. In transverse section the maxille are very convex, and, except in the posterior region, the lateral borders are prominently notched for the accommodation of the mandibular teeth. Nasals.—These are the most attenuated bones of the skull, the maximum length being about ten times the greatest breadth. Examination of a partially disarticulated skull shows that the anterior fifth, or so, of the nasals may be prolonged beneath the premaxillaries, and it seems probable that the extreme points always reach the external nares. On the surface the acuminate anterior processes separate the posterior branches of the premaxillz. Posteriorly the nasals are divided by the frontal process. The relative proportions of the sutures with the lachrymals and with the prefrontals vary somewhat in the four crania examined, but the areas of contact are about equal. The nasals attain their maximum breadth opposite the anterior ends of the lachrymals. Lachrymals.—These bones are broader and longer than the prefrontals ; anteriorly they appear to broaden with age, and the inner and lateral borders are parallel in the prefrontal region. The suture with the prefrontal is about two and a-half times as long as that with the nasal. The suture with the jugal is about equal to the length of the orbit. On the postero-internal border near the ventral surface there is a large single opening for the lachrymal duct. The orbital border is not prominently raised. Prefrontals—These bones are sub-triangular, but the frontal border is curved inwards and the anterior processes are wedged between the nasals and lachrymals. The suture with the nasal is about half the length of that with the frontal. The anterior border of the orbit is formed by the prefrontal and lachrymal in about equal proportions. Frontal.—The length of this bone is slightly greater than the breadth of the cranial table, about half being formed by the acuminate anterior process, which divides the nasals for a short distance. The widest portion is just posterior to the suture with the postfrontals. The posterior border is curved backwards. From the beginning of the suture with the prefrontals the bone is sharply curved inwards to the anterior process. The portion between the orbits is very concave in immature skulls, but flattens with age. The orbital border is not ridged as in C. porosus. 98 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Orbits —In young specimens the transverse diameter of the orbit is greater than that of the frontal, but in mature and aged examples these proportions are reversed. Each cavity is much larger than the infratemporal vacuity and tends to become more oval with age. Cranial Table-—The supraoccipital, parietal, squamosals, postfrontals, and the posterior portion of the frontal form a flat cranial table, but the anterior elements are elevated to form the raised border of the orbits. The plane of this table is parallel with that of the dental arcade. The lateral borders s lightly converge anteriorly and the posterior border is a double curve. The nterorbital region is concave, especially in half-grown specimens. The pits in this area are deeper than elsewhere. The supratemporal fenestre are oval cavities, with obliquely sloping internal borders. The transverse diameter of each is about equal to the interorbital space. The parietal contributes the internal moiety, whilst the squamosal section exceeds that of the postfrontal. The junction of the parietal, frontal, and postfrontal sutures is about midway between the cavity and the orbits. The ratios of the breadth of the cranial table and that of the cranium across the quadrato-jugals in juvenile and old specimens are similar to those recorded by ©. C. Mook for Crocodilus americanus (loc. cit., p. 59). In our juvenile specimen 295 mm. in length, the breadth of the cranial table is almost equal to that of the cranium, being 18 mm. as compared with 22 mm. In our largest skull, 398 in length, the breadth of the cranial table, taken across the centres of the fenestre, is 87 mm., whereas the maximum at the quadrato- jugals is 198. Jugals.—The zygomatic bones are only exceeded in length by the maxille and nasals, and even in the oldest specimen the vertical depth is contained over four times in the length. The portion in front of the postorbital process is about equal to that behind, which reaches almost to the region of the articular facets of the quadrate. Quadratojugals.—The anterior processes of these bones are acutely pointed and extend about half way across the infratemporal fenestre. The area of contact with thé quadrate is much greater than that with the jugal. The lateral borders converge somewhat anteriorly. Quadrates—There are no special characters associated with these bones. In the development of the skull the maximum breadth across the quadratojugals is always less than half the length from the tip of the snout to the supraoccipital, as may be seen from the following figures :— Total length : of specimens. Cranial length. Cranial breadth. J. 4279 Juvenile .. 00 f ’ is an eastern one in Australia, but tolerably equably divided between north and south, and from this no definite conclusion can be drawn as to its place of origin. We may say, however, that it is known to occur in the islands to the north of Aus- tralia, that a large proportion of the species are confined to mountain areas, and that.in our opinion the mountains of Papua will probably, when sufficiently explored, indicate that it has been indigenous there, and probably also in the Eastern Australian cordillera, since a very remote period. 120 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. We do not propose to extend this analysis to every group of the RHOPALOCERA. For the most part the results would be very similar to those given in our first three Text-figures. We shall, however, now consider certain exceptions. There is some evidence that half-a-dozen butterflies have reached Northern Australia, not by the Torres Strait route, but from Timor (Waterhouse and Lyell). As might be expected these are all strong-flying species. This route of immigration appears to have been of very subordinate importance. On the eastern coast from Sydney northwards to Cape York and thence westward to Darwin occurs the peculiar Papilionid, found also in New Guinea, Hurycus cressida. This is a very isolated form, having its nearest allies far distant in the Holarctic and Neotropical regions, and is an instance of what we may term Paleogenic distribution, which results from the surviving remnants of an ancient and once widely distributed group. Of the 39 species found in South-West Australia 22 are identical with species found in the East of Australia, and their occurrence may be simply explained. They are species which range freely over the interior during favourable seasons, and for them the desert is no constant barrier. Sixteen differ from eastern species, many of them very slightly, so that they may be regarded merely as geographical races or subspecies. Some of them must undoubtedly be regarded as good species, but all belong to genera more largely developed in the east. These sixteen species and sub- species we regard as immigrants from the east during Pleistocene times, when Aus- tralia as a whole enjoyed an abundant rainfall, and an identical marsupial fauna, in- cluding many extinct forms, some of them of giant size, ranged from east to west. By progressive desiccation these West Australian butterflies have been isolated from their kindred, and have undergone subspecific or specific modification. There remains one West Australian butterfly, Hxvometeca mysteris Meyr., which belongs to the HESPERIN subfamily of the HESPERID# or skipper butterflies. In Australia we have eight species of this subfamily referred to five genera. Hxometeca, which contains only the one species, is its only representative in. West Australia. The HEesprriInaz are of world-wide distribution, and an ancient group. West Australia was formerly a sub- continental island, which in late Cretaceous or early Tertiary times became united with the eastern portion of the continent by the elevation of Central Australia above the sea-level. Before this junction West Australia possessed a large and peculiarly. Australian flora. We may be certain that it also possessed a peculiar lepidopterous fauna, and it is not unlikely that among these were representatives of the HESPERIN2E. If there were any West Australian butterflies in those old times, Hxometeca may be their only surviving representative. The evidence is not sufficient for certainty, but it is a tempting hypothesis. A more important exception to the general rule of the distribution of our Australian butterflies is presented by a small number of genera, containing in all 21 species, which may be called the Heteronympha-Xenica group. Their headquarters are in South-East Australia and Tasmania, and they are essentially a temperate group, diminishing rapidly in numbers toward the north, in which direction they are attached mostly to the mountains, and not reaching the tropics. This is plainly shown in Text-figure 5, which is constructed on a similar plan to Text-figure 4. Ten DISTRIBUTION AND HISTORY OF BUTTERFLIES—JEFFERIS TURNER. 121 species are known in Tasmania, 11 in Central Victoria, 10 in the Australian Alps and Blue Mountains, 7 in the Sydney district, 9 in New England.. Only 2 species reach beyond the Macpherson Range and penetrate only a short distance into Southern Coastal Queensland. To the westward 4 species are found in South Australia and 3 in South-West Australia. It is possible that the Heteronympha-Xenica group may, like some other groups of our plants and insects, have an Antarctic origin. We know that a comparatively warm climate and tree-forests were present in Antarctica during the Tertiary period, and it is not unlikely that then Tasmania extended further south, é SS qs Q 6 0 ° o- 334 ik 3 Pa rey. ee s Rais hrf on Weak 4 Pd ei: Ho -" a A Dearne, e “ ee Sena \ pe et ae : y g Text-figure 5.—Distribution of Heteronympha-Xenica Group. : °. \" | and Antarctica further north. An actual land connection would not be necessary, as insects may under favourable conditions, such as strong winds and storms, be conveyed overseas for long distances. The only other possibility is that these tem- perate-loving butterflies crossed from north to south along our eastern cordillera during a glacial epoch. If their nearest relatives are found in the Papuan mountains, this latter hypothesis will be strengthened ; if however they are found in Chile, the Antarctic theory will receive confirmation. 122 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. An interesting special case arises among these SATYRIN&Z. The very common eastern species Xenica klugi is found also in South-West Australia, and with it a closely allied species, X. minyas, which is peculiar to that area. Now minyas and klugi must have had a common origin, and it seems difficult to explain why klugz, so constant in all the rest of its wide range, should in this area have branched into two species. Light is thrown on this problem by the third West Australian species Heteronympha duboulayi, which is extremely close to the eastern H. merope. Here the explanation is easy. H. merope crossed the continent to the west probably during moist Pleistocene times. Isolated by subsequent desiccation, it diverged slightly from the parent form, so slightly that by some it is regarded as only a subspecies. X. minyas arose, I believe, in the same way from X. klugz, and would certainly have been regarded as a subspecies if klugi were not found in the same area. Klugz, I con- sider, managed after a long interval to cross the desert a second time. This may have occurred during an exceptionally wet season, or series of wet seasons, unless we suppose, which is conceivable, that it was accidentally conveyed in fodder since the settlement of Australia. However that may be, its descendant minyas had by that time become sufficiently modified to prevent its interbreeding with the parent. species. NEW FISH RECORDS FOR QUEENSLAND—MARSHALL. 123 NEW FISH RECORDS FOR QUEENSLAND. By T. C. MARSHALL. THe following new fishes for Queensland are noted in order that the references may be included in the “Catalogue of the Fishes recorded from ~ Queensland,’ by A. R. McCulloch and G. P. Whitley, which appears in this publication. Famity TRACHIPTERIDA. TRACHYPTERUS JACKSONIENSIS (Ramsay). ~ On the 5th November, 1921, a fine specimen of this Ribbon-fish was washed ashore on the main beach at Southport, Southern Queensland, and, thanks to the kindly interest of Mr. Jack O’May, was forwarded the same day to the Queensland Museum. ‘The specimen, which was received in very fair condition, is six feet six inches in length (snout protracted). Ramsay first described this species as a Regalecus, and in 1897 J. D. Ogilby dealt with its affinities when describing a sub-species, T'rachypterus jacksoniensis polystictus, from Newcastle, New South Wales.t In the Southport specimen the dorsal portion of the caudal fin ends distinctly in front of the termination of the body. It consists of six short almost adpressed rays, no one of which is as long as the shortest ray in the lengthy dorsal series. This caudal fin is obliquely directed backward at an angle of 120° to the dorsal line. The ventral portion is modified into three short, naked, divergent spines. The specimen figured by McCoy as T'rachypterus tenia? (Bloch) and included by Ogilby in the synonymy of 7’. jacksoniensis, has four dark large spots on the body and a prominent ventral fin. In the Southport specimen the ventral fin is either entirely absent or so rudimentary as to be inconse- quential, and the dark spots are lacking. A few other features of special interest are noted. Behind the large eye (diameter 76 mm.) the head region is Somewhat damaged. The dorsal and abdominal profiles are almost parallel in the anterior half of the body, the depth being approximately 225 mm. ‘The dorsal fin, which appears to have been continuous, contains 176 rays. These are longest in the mid-dorsal region, where they attain a length of 92 mm. There are 14 rays in the pectoral fin, the maximum length being 89 mm. 1 Ogilby, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., 1897, Vol. 22, p. 646-659. 2 McCoy, Nat. Hist. Vic., Vol. II., pp. 83-85, Plate 122. 124 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Owing to the absence of literature, I have been unable to compare our specimen with Trachypterus semiophorus of Bleeker, described from Amboine in 1868.3 When this Ribbon-fish was received at night by the Director (Mr. Heber Longman), its silvery surface was glowing with phosphorescence and it formed. a remarkable object. In order to preserve it satisfactorily it was cut into two portions. Subsequently these were united and the specimen was placed on exhibition in formalin solution in a neatly-made cement tank with the exterior blackened and the interior enamelled white. As it was found imprac- ticable to place a glass cover on this cement tank, the whole was enclosed in a large case with other specimens and casts. Except for the occasional need to replenish the formalin lost through evaporation, the specimen requires little attention and forms a popular exhibit. Famity CHPOLID. CEPOLA AUSTRALIS Ogilby.1 ~ A fine example of this rare species was caught off Moreton Island, in July 1923, by Mr. E. Sanders, who kindly forwarded it to the Queensland Museum. It measures 154 inches in total length. * Bleeker, Arch. Néerl. Sc. Nat., III., 1868, pp. 279-280. 4 Ogilby, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S.W., XXIV., 1899, p. 185 ; McCulloch, Biol. Res. Endeavour, il., 3, 1914, -p. 109, Pl. 34, I. FISHES RECORDED FROM QUEENSLAND.—McCULLOCH AND WHITLEY. 125 A LIST OF THE FISHES RECORDED FROM QUEENSLAND WATERS. By ALLAN R. McCuLiLocH, ICHTHYOLOGIST, AND GILBERT P. WHITLEY, ASSISTANT, AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM, SYDNEyY.* RESTRICTED to the use of such terms as can be printed with propriety, we can only write that the record of Queensland ichthyological work is unfortunate. The identifications of many of the fishes are far from satisfactory, and a considerable number of species, particularly those recorded by several writers in Australian publications, have been undoubtedly determined incorrectly. Collections from Cape York, Bowen, Cardwell, and other scattered localities, received at the British Museum, enabled Dr. Giinthber to record a considerable number of species in his eight-volume Catalogue of Fishes, published in 1859-1870. Still others were added to the list by Drs. Steindachner and Klunzinger who wrote in the publications of the Vienna Academy. These accomplished German and Austrian scientists, with that trait for systematic work which was almost a national virtue, laid a sound foundation for the work of later writers. Unfortunately, they were followed by several less proficient ichthyologists, the elucidation and correction of whose errors have demanded both much patience and time of still later investigators. Count Francois L. de Castelnau wrote upon small collections of fishes from various parts of Queensland in the Proceedings of the Zoological and Acclimatisation Society of Victoria, and in the Victorian Official Record of the Philadelphia Exhibition, though why this latter should have been selected for the purpose is not explained. Few, if any, of his Queensland types are preserved, but it seems that his hopelessly inaccurate and_ brief descriptions were based upon specimens of common tropical fishes which already had been described as new species more than once by his predecessors. The late Sir William Macleay sailed along the Queensland coast in his own ship, the “‘ Chevert,”’ in the year 1875, and collected a large number of fishes by means of lines and nets, and among corals, etc., on the reefs. He described a considerable number of these as new species in a paper with Dr. H. G. Alleyne, which was published in the first volume of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. They were recorded again in the better known Catalogue of Australian Fishes, compiled by Macleay in the fifth, sixth, and ninth volumes of the same publication. An examination of his collections, now preserved in the Macleay Museum at the University of Sydney, proves most of these new species to be referable to older known fishes which are ° widely distributed throughout the Indian and Pacific Oceans, wherever there are coral reefs to afford that particular environment which is apparently their principal need. * By permission of the Trustees of the Australian Museum, 126 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. The appearance of Macleay’s Catalogue of Australian Fishes, in 1881, provided the late Mr. C. W. De Vis, the then Director of the Queensland Museum, with a means of adding many more supposed new species in several papers in the Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland and of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. Unfortunately, it must be recorded that nearly all of his types, so far examined, have proved to by synonyms of still other, or even the same well-known species as had been dealt with previously by either his predecessors or his fellow workers. The late Mr. W. Saville-Kent, as Commissioner of Fisheries for Queens- land in the years 1889-90, recorded but little to advance our systematic knowledge of the fishes of that State. In two publications, “The Great Barrier Reef” and “A Naturalist in Australia,’’. which are notable for their splendid photographic reproductions rather than accuracy of the statements in the text, he added still further nominal species to the Queensland list. With the assistance of Mr. De Vis, Kent compiled a list of what he considered to be the edible fishes known from the State, but this included many of doubtful identity and others which collectively form a formidable list of nomina nuda. The list appeared first in 1889 in a Parliamentary Report upon the food- fishes of Queensland, and later, at the end of the volume, dealing with the Barrier Reef. ‘Some crude colour-sketches of fishes made in the field were reproduced in the latter, and being accompanied by scientific names, were accepted as established species by the compiler of the ichthyological portion of the Zoological Record of the day. But few of these have been again recognised, and it is probable that others are unrecognisable. The study of Queensland Fishes was elevated to a much higher plane when Mr. J. Douglas Ogilby, at one time ichthyologist of the Australian Museum, established himself in Brisbane. Under the auspices of the Amateur Fishermen’s Association of Queensland, he gathered together a fine collection of local fishes and wrote several important papers upon them. He was later appointed as zoologist to the Queensland Museum, to where the types of his many discoveries were transferred later. Though Ogilby added considerably to the already long list of synonyms in the Queensland list, he did more towards disentangling the errors of his predecessors than any other investigator. The senior author of the present contribution here gratefully records his indebtedness to Mr. Ogilby for unfailing assistance and lasting friendship, which began when the first-named was a lad of thirteen years and flourished through the succeeding years. In the year 1910, the Federal investigation ship “‘ Endeavour’ trawled along the Queensland coast northward to Bowen, and a very large collection of fishes was made, which included many not previously known from the State. A few of these were described by Ogilby, and others have been dealt with by McCulloch in the scientific reports upon the ‘‘ Endeavour’ collections. The following list is but the basis of a more complete work we had intended to prepare, but illness of the senior author demands that -its-compila- tion be postponed. The collection of the Australian Museum has been recently FISHES RECORDED FROM QUEENSLAND.—McCULLOCH AND WHITLEY. 127 greatly enriched by the efforts of Mr. E. H. Rainford of Bowen, and Surgeon- Lieutenant W. E. J. Paradice of H.M.A.S. ‘‘ Geranium.” Further, one of us (McCulloch) has collected extensively along the Great Barrier Reef and the coast of Northern Queensland. With such abundant material before us, we had hoped to present a catalogue of Queensland fishes, which would be much more complete than the mere list we now offer. But, pressed by circumstances, we submit this basic list, which is merely a copy of the information afforded by a card-index of papers dealing with Queensland ichthyology. Class LEPTOCARDII. Order AMPHIOXI. Family EPIGONICHTHYIDS. Epigonichthys hedleyi Haswell. Murray Island—Haswell 39. Epigonichthys cultellus Peters. Peel Island, Moreton Bay—Peters 132. Thursday Tsland—Gunther 37. Asymmetron caudatum Willey. Murray Island—Haswell 39, as Heteropleuron lucayanum Andrews. Family BRANCHIOSTOMIDE. Branchiostoma belcheri Gray. Prince of Wales Island—Gunther 37. Class ELASMOBRANCHII. Subclass SELACHIT. Order CESTRACIONTES. Family HETERODONTID. Heterodontus philippi Bloch & Schneider. Moreton Bay—Kent 45, 48. Gyropleurodus galeatus Gunther. Coast of South Queensland—Ogilby 123. Order EUSELACHIE. Family ORECTOLOBID. Orectolobus maculatus Bonnaterre. Moreton Bay—Ogilby & McCulloch 128. Orectolobus devisi Ogilby. Moreton Bay—De Vis 155, as Crossorhinus ornatus. Queensland Coast—Ogilby 123. Orectolobus ogilbyi Regan. Thursday Island—Kent 47. Torres Strait—Ogilby & McCulloch 128. Dunk Island—Ogilby 111. Orectolobus tentaculatus Peters. Cape York—Gunther 29. Brachelurus modestus Gunther. Queensland—Gunther 33. Woody Point, Moreton Bay—Ogilby & McCulloch 128. Heteroscyllium colcloughi Ogilby. Mud Island, Moreton Bay—Ogilby 112. Stegostoma tygrinum Bonnaterre. Cape York—Ogilby 98. Normanton—Ogilby 111. Little Mulgrave River; Dunk Island—Ogilby & McCulloch 128. Southport— Ogilby 125. Cape Bowling Green (egg-case)—Ogilby 122. 128 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Family HEMISCYLLITDE. Chiloscyllium ocellatum Bonnaterre. Cape “York—Gunther 32. Torres Strait— Macleay 56. Murray Island; Hope Island; Masthead Island—Ogilby & McCulloch 128. Chiloscyllium trispeculare Richardson. Cape York—Gunther 29. Chiloscyllium punctatum Muller & Henle. Thursday Island—Regan 138. Dunk Island ; Moreton Bay—Ogilby & McCulloch 128. Family GINGLYMOSTOMIDS. Nebrius concolor Riippell. Darnley Island—Ogilby 120. Family SCYLLIORHINIDAS. Haleelurus labiosus Waite. Bramble Bay—Gunther 32, as Scylliwm maculatum. This locality is evidently Bramble Cay, Torres Strait, vide Ogilby 98. Family GALEID. Mustelus antarcticus Gunther. South Queensland—Ogilby 123. Galeorhinus australis Macleay. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 112, 123. Galeocerdo arcticus Faber. Queensland coast—Ogilby 123. Carcharhinus stevensi Ogilby. Bustard Bay; Nor-west Islet—Ogilby 117. Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos Bleeker. Cape Bowling Green—Ogilby 123. Carcharhinus melanopterus Quoy & Gaimard. Torres Strait—Macleay 56. Murray Island—McCulloch 66. Off Moreton Bay ; Nor-west Islet ; Darnley Island— Ogilby 123. Carcharhinus spenceri Ogilby. Brisbane River—Ogilby 116. Moreton Bay; Great Sandy Strait; Old Woman Island; Hervey Bay; Rocky Island Reef— Ogilby 123. Rhizoprion crenidens Klunzinger. Queensland—Klunzinger 49. Burnett River Heads—Ogilby 95. Moreton Bay; Cape Moreton; Double Island Point ; Rocky Island Reef—Ogilby 123. Aprionodon acutidens Riippell. Torres Strait—Macleay 56. Scoliodon jordani Ogilby. Outer Caloundra Bank—Ogilby 112. Scoliodon affinis Ogilby. Noosa Head—Ogilby 118. Scoliodon acutus Riippell. Burnett River—Ogilby 97. Scoliodon longmani Ogilby. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 118. Physodon mulleri Muller & Henle. Cape York—Macleay 56. Physodon taylori Ogilby. Townsville—Ogilby 122. Family ALOPIIDA. ; Alopias vulpinus Bonnaterre. Moreton Bay (Welsby & Appel)—Ogilby 123. FISHES RECORDED FROM QUEENSLAND.—McCULLOCH AND WHITLEY. 129 Family CARCHARIIDE. Carcharias arenarius Ogilby. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 123. Family LAMNIDA:. Isurus glaucus Muller & Henle. Bulwer, Moreton Bay—Ogilby 123. Carcharodon carcharias Linneus. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 123. Family SPHYRNID. Sphyrna, Eusphyra, blochii Cuvier. Rockingham Bay—Ogilby 123. Sphyrna, Sphyrna, lewini Lord. Queensland (Haswell)—Ramsay 134. Moreton Bay—_ Ogilby 123. Sphyrna, Sphyrna, zygeena Linnzeus. Moreton Bay—Peters 132. Sphyrna, Platysqualus, tudes Cuvier. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 111. Cabbage-tree Creek ; Brisbane River; South Hill; Double Island Point—Ogilby 123. Order BATOIDEI. Family PRISTID:. Pristis zysron Bleeker. Moreton Bay—Macleay 56. Queensland coast—Ogilby 123. Pristis clavata Garman. Queensland coast—Ogilby 123. Pristis microdon Latham. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 123. Family RHINIDA. Rhamphobatis ancylostoma Schneider. Queensland—Kent 47. Moreton Bay— Ogilby 111. Dunk Island—Ogilby 123. Rhynchobatus djiddensis Forskal. Moreton Bay; Cartwright Point; Nor-west Islet—Ogilby 123. : Family RHINOBATID. — Rhinobatus banksii Muller & Henle. Cape York—Ogilby 95, as R. bougainvillir. South Hill; Moreton Bay; Cartwright Point; Low Bluff; Double Island Point ; Hervey Bay; Platypus Bay; Bustard Bay; Hummocky Island— Ogilby 123. : Rhinobatus granulatus Cuvier. Cape York—Gunther 32. Torres Strait to Moreton Bay—Kent 47. Moreton Bay—Tosh 152. Rhinobatus armatus Gray. Queensland coast—Ogilby 123. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 122. Family RAJIDAL. Raja australis Macleay. Cape Moreton—Ogilby 123. Raja polyommata Ogilby. Cape Moreton; North Reef—Ogilby 114. Family TORPEDINID. Hypnarce subnigra Dumeril. Off South Hill; Cape Moreton—Ogilby 125. | 130 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Family DASYATIDAE. Urolophus testaceus Muller & Henle. Cape Upstart—Gunther 32. Off Fraser Island— McCulloch 72. Jumping Pin, Moreton Bay—Tosh 152. Cape Moreton ; South Hill ; Low Bluff; Double Island Point—Ogilby 123. Dasyatis kuhlii Muller & Henle. Moreton Bay—Tosh 152. Coolangatta ; Currumbin ; Nerang Creek ; Moreton Bay; Brisbane River; Hervey Bay; Port Curtis ; Nor-west Islet ; Edgecombe Bay—Ogilby 123. Off Bustard Head—McCulloch 80. Dasyatis sp.? Queensland—Kent 47, as Trygon pastinaca. Dasyatis fluviorum Ogilby. Brisbane River, above tides—Ogilby 112. Nerang Creek ; Great Sandy Strait ; Moreton Bay—Ogilby 123. Himantura uarnak Forskal. Lower Burdekin River—Macleay 58. Queensland coast— Stead 145. Moreton Bay—Tosh 152. Moreton Bay; Platypus Bay; Pine Peak ; Goode Island, Torres Strait—Ogilby 123. Pastinachus sephen Forskal. Lower Burdekin River—Macleay 58. Moreton Bay— Ogilby 123. Teeniura mortoni Macleay. Lower Burdekin River—Macleay 58. Teeniura lymna Forskal. Cape York—Ogilby 95. Darnley Island—Ogilby 118. Murray Island; Port Douglas: St. Crispin Reef—McCulloch 78. Green Island—Ogilby 123. Urogymnus africanus Bloch. Cape York—Macleay 56. Darnley Island—Ogilby 123. Pteroplatea australis Ramsay & Ogilby. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 111. Family MYLIOBATID. Myliobatis australis Macleay. Lady Elliott Island—Kent 47. Myliobatis hamlyni Ogilby. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 117. Aetobatis narinari Euphrasen. Cape York—Macleay 56. Moreton Bay; Wide Bay—Ogilby 123. : Family RHINOPTERIDL. Rhinoptera neglecta Ogilby. Moreton Bay—De Vis 159, as R. javanica Muller & Henle. Family MOBULIDAL. Mobula eregoodoo Cantor. Palm Islands—Kent 47. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 123. Subclass HOLOCEPHALI. Order CHIMASROIDEI. Family CALLORHYNCHIDAL. (Callorhynchus millii Bory. Port Denison—Gunther 32, as C. antarcticus. Record incorrect.) FISHES RECORDED FROM QUEENSLAND——McCULLOCH AND WHITLEY. 131 Class PISCES. Subclass DIPNEUSTA. Order SIRENOIDEI. Family CERATODONTID. Neoceratodus forsteri Krefit. Wide Bay—Krefft 50. Mary River—Gunther 36, as Ceratodus miolepis. Fitzroy River—Castelnau 8, as NV. blanchardi. Hidsvold, Burnett River—Johnston & Bancroft 40. Introduced into Coomera River; North Pine River; Albert River; Cressbrook; Enoggera; Bunda- berg; Warwick, Condamine River; Brisbane—O’Connor 94. Burnett River—Weber 170. Burnett River—Macleay 56; the range was incor- rectly extended to the Dawson River by Macleay loc. cit. Ompax spatuloides Castelnau. Burnett River—Castelnau 11. See Gunther, Zool. Record xvi, (1879) 1881, Pisces p. 5. Subclass ACTINOPTERI. Superorder TELEOSTEI. Order ISOSPONDYLI. Family ELOPID. Elops hawaiiensis Regan. Brisbane—Castelnau 9, as H. saurus. Endeavour River— Klunzinger 49. Lower Burdekin River—Macleay 58. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 119. Family MEGALOPIDAL. Megalops cyprinoides Broussonet. Mary River—Gunther 36. Cape York—Stein- dachner 147, and Gunther 30. Lagoon near Brisbane—Castelnau 7, as Bris- bania staigert. Lower Burdekin River—Macleay 58. Rockhampton ; Towns- ville—Kent 47. Moreton Bay—Kent 48, and Ogilby 119. Family ALBULIDA:. Albula vulpes Linneus. North Queensland— Kent 47, as 4. conorhynchus. Southport—Ogilby 112. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 119, as A. glossodonta. Family OSTEOGLOSSID. Scleropages leichhardti Gunther. Queensland—Gunther 26. Dawson River—Macleay 56. Fitzroy River—Kent 47. Dawson River—Bancroft 3. Scleropages jardinei Kent. Rivers of Gulf of Carpentaria—Kent 46. Batavia, Nor- man, and Gregory Rivers—Kent 47. Scleropages guentheri Castelnau. Queensland—Castelnau 8. , Family CHIROCENTRID. Chirocentrus dorab Forskal. Somerset, Cape York—Gunther 36. Queensland— Klunzinger 49. Lower Burdekin River—Macleay 58. ‘Torres Strait—Kent 47. Family DUSSUMIERIIDA. Dussumieria hasseltii Bleecker. Cape York—Ogilby 123. Stolephorus robustus Ogilby. ‘Southport—Ogilby 111. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 119. Bulwer—McCulloch 78. Stolephorus delicatulus Bennett. Darnley Island—Alleyne & Macleay 1. Murray Tsland—McCulloch 66, and Ogilby 123. 132 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Family CLUPEID. Clupea profundus Kent. Queensland—-Kent 47. Nom. nud. Clupea torresiensis Kent. Queensland—Kent 47. Nom. nud. Clupea ranelayi Kent. Queensland—Kent 47. Nom. nud. Clupea macrolepis Steindachner. Townsville; Cleveland Bay—Steindachner 150. Sardinella gibbosa Bleeker. Bramble Cay, Torres Strait—Alleyne & Macleay 1, as C. tembang Bleeker. Harengula castelnaui Ogilby. Queensland—Klunzinger 49, as C’. hypselosoma Bleeker. - Lower Burdekin River—Macleay 58, as C. sundaica Bleeker. Torres Strait— Kent 47. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 119. Nerang River—Tosh 152. Harengula punctata Riippell. Darnley Island—Ogilby 105, as H. stereolepis. Murray Island—McCulloch 66, as Sardinella kunzei Bleeker. Darnley Island— Cockerell 14, as Sardinella moluccensis Bleeker. Sardinia neopilchardus Steindachner. Moreton Island—Ogilby 110. Moreton Bay— Ogilby 119. Hervey Bay—Ogilby 123. Potamalosa novee-hollandize Cuvier & Valenciennes. Queensland—Kent 47. No reliance can be placed on this identification, and further proof of the occurrence of this fish in Queensland is necessary. Hyperlophus vittatus Castelnau. Southport—Ogilby 111, as H. copii. Mud Island— Ogilby 112. Moreton Bay—McCulloch 75. Tlisha heevennii Bleeker. Between Cairns and Rockhampton—McCulloch 83. Family DOROSOMIDX. Nematalosa come Richardson. Queensland—Kent 47, as Chatoessus nasus. Burnett River—Weber 170. Queensland, marine—Ogilby 122 Nematalosa erebi Gunther. Tiaro, Mary River; ?27° 9’ S. lat. 144° E. long.— Gunther 36. Cape York—Gunther 30. Brisbane River; Norman River— Castelnau 9. Burnett River; Fitzroy River—Macleay 53. Palmer River— Macleay 57. Lower Burdekin River—Macleay 58. Burnett River—Weber 170. Norman River—Ogilby 122. Nematalosa horni Zeitz. Bulloo Creek—Regan 141. Nematalosa elongatus Macleay. Mary River—Macleay 58. Longreach, Thomson River—Johnston & Bancroft 42. Family CHANIDAL. Chanos chanos Forskal. Cape York—Steindachner 147, and Gunther 30. Lower Burdekin River—Macleay 58. Moreton Bay—O’Connor 92, and Ogilby 119. Family ENGRAULIDA. Engraulis australis Shaw. Southport—Ogilby 112. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 119. Anchoviella nasutus Castelnau. Norman River—Castelnau 10. Brisbane River— De Vis 153. FISHES RECORDED FROM QUEENSLAND.—McCULLOCH AND WHITLEY. 133 Anchoviella carpentariz De Vis. Norman River—De Vis 153. Anchoviella heterolobus Klunzinger. Cleveland Bay—Klunzinger 49. Anchoviella estuaria Ogilby. Brisbane River—De Vis 153, as Engraulis sp. Brisbane and other rivers of S.E. Queensland—Ogilby 116. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 119. Thrissocles mystax Bloch & Schneider. Queensland—Klunzinger 49. Thrissocles setirostris Broussonet. Cooktown—Ogilby 120. Thrissocles hamiltoni Gray. Lower Burdekin River—Macleay 58. Thrissocles dussumieri Cuvier & Valenciennes ? Queensland—-Weber & Beaufort 172. Family SALMONID. Salmo fario Linnzus. Brisbane, introduced—O’Connor 92. Family RETROPINNIDA. Retropinna semoni Weber. Burnett River—Weber 170. Enoggera Creek—Ogilby 111. Upper Noosa River—Ogilby 125. Eidsvold; Ithaca Creek, near Brishane— McCulloch 78. Family GALAXIIDA. Galaxias olidus Gunther. Queensland ¢—Gunther 27. Galaxias oconnori Ogilby. Lyra, near Stanthorpe—Ogilby 118. Family ALEPOCEPHALIDA:. Alepocephalus niger Gunther. 75 miles E.S.E. of Raine Island, 1,400 faths.— Gunther 35. Family STOMIATIDS. Pachystomias microdon Gunther. Coral Sea, about 500 miles from the Queensland coast, 2,440 fathoms—Gunther 38. Family GONORHYNCHIDE. Gonorhynchus parvimanus Ogilby. Moreton Bay—Ogilby 119. Young of G. greyi Richardson ? Order EVENTOGNATHI. Family CYPRINIDAL. Carassius carassius Linnzeus. Queensland, introduced—O’Connor 92. Leuciscus australis Castelnau. Norman River—Castelnau 10. Tinea tinca Linneus. Queensland, introduced—O’Connor 92. Order NEMATOGNATHI. Family PLOTOSIDAL. Plotosus anguillaris Lacepede. Moreton Bay—Gunther 25. Endeavour River— Macleay 56. Plotosus laticeps Kent. Queensland—Kent 47. Nom. nud. Paraplotosus albilabris Cuvier & Valenciennes. Dunk Island—Ogilby 112. 134 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Tandanus tandanus Mitchell. Tiaro, Mary River—Gunther 36. Burnett River— Weber 170. Moreton Bay rivers—Ogilby 119. Upper Noosa River—Ogilby 125. Tandanus labrosus (De Vis) Kent. Queensland—Kent 47. Nom. nud. Tandanus levis (De Vis) Kent. Queensland—Kent 47. Nom. nud. Tandanus curtus Kent. Queensland—Kent 47. Nom. nud. Tandanus, Neosilurus, hyrtlii Steindachner. Queensland, 27° 9’ 8. lat. 144° E. long.— Gunther 36. Mary River—Macleay 58. Fitzroy River, Rockhampton— Steindachner 146. Cape York—Castelnau 7, as Silwrichthys australis. Rock- hampton—Castelnau 9. Rockhampton or Brisbane River (probably Rock- hampton)—Castelnau 10, as Ewmeda elongata. Palmer River—Macleay 57. Bulloo River—Johnston & Bancroft 42. Moreton Bay rivers—Ogilby 119. Tandanus, Neosilurus, robustus Ogilby. Keppel Bay—Ogilby 111. Tandanus, Neosilurus, mediobarbis Ogilby. Queensland ?—Ogilby 111. Tandanus, Neosilurus, brevidorsalis Gunther. Cape York—Gunther 29. Endorrhis longifilis Macleay. Long Island, Torres Strait—Macleay 56. Euristhmus elongatus Castelnau. Brisbane River—Castelnau 9. Norman River— Castelnau 10. Euristhmus lepturus Gunther. Queensland ?— .. 1911. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, xxxvi. 63. Do. a ie .. 1912. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, xxxvi. 64. Do. ne als: c SORES. Meer W.. Austr, “Wis, 1.52: 65. Do. = 1% .. 1912. Proc. Roy. Soc. Qld.,. xxiv. 66. Do. A Pog S06 gas. ed. Ruste: Mus. ixs 3, 67. Do. rhe yt .. OOS. Ree” W. Austie Mus. 1, -32. 68. Do. oe .. =: +. 1914. Biol. Res. Endeavour, ii., 3. 69. Do. a a .. 1915. Mem. Qld. Mus., iii. 70. Do. ea = .. 1915. Biol. Res. Endeavour, i1., 3. Fi. Do. we = .. 1915. Proc, Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, xI., 2. 72. Do. icy be .. 1916. Biol. Res. Endeavour, iv., 4. TDs Do. Ey oe .. 1916. Mem. Qld. Mus., v. 74. Do. rae ee .. 1917. Austr. Zoologist, i., 4. 75. Do. ae °° >. YSIT.- Ree. Austere. Mus. xa.,, 7. 76. Do. = es .. 1918. Mem. Qld. Mus., vi. ig Be Do. 2 a .. 1919. Ree. Austr. Mus., xii, 8. TS. Do. Ae as = GS. “Ree Austr: Muss an, 2. 79. Do. ae ma .. 1921. Rec. Austr. Mus., xiii., 4. 80. Do. ve = .. A921, Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, xivi., .4. 81. Do. ae Le .. 1921. Mem. Qld. Mus., vii. $2. Do. ae ee .. 1921. Austr. Zoologist, ii., 2. 83. Do. an a .. 1922. Mem. Qld. Mus., vii. 84. Do. Fe +3 ... 1922. Austr. Zoologist, ii., 3. 85. Do. ua sa .. 1923. Rec. Austr. Mus., xiv., 1. 86. He: Ae ae .. 1923. Rec. Austr. Mus., xiv., 2. 87. Do. eA ; 1924. Mem. Qld. Mus., viii. 88. McCuttocn, A. R. & McNeiw1, F. A. 1918. Rec. Austr. Mus., xi., 2. 89. McCuntocu, A. R. & Oaripy, J. D. 1919. Rec. Austr. Mus., xii., 10. 90. McCuniocn, A. R. & Warts, E. R. 1918. Ree. 8. Austr. Mus., i. 91. McCuttocs, A. R. & Wuittey, G. P. 1925. Rec. Austr. Mus., xiv., 4 FISHES RECORDED FROM QUEENSLAND.—McCULLOCH AND WHITLEY. 92. O’Connor, D. 93. Do. 94. Do. 95. OcrtBy, J. D. 96. Do. 97. Do. 98. Do. 99. Do. 100.°. Do. EO: Do. 102: Do. 103. Do. 104, Do. 105. Do. 106. Do. |) 2 is 25 F 108. Do. 109. Do. 110. Do. Lit. Do. tz. Do. 13. Do. 114. Do. 115. Do. 156. : Do. LIT. Do. 118. Do. 139, Do. 120. Do. 121: Do. TZ. Do. 123. Do. 124. Do. 125. Do. 126. Do. aes 127. Do. - 128. OarzBy, J. D. & McCutiocs, A. R. 129. Do. a 130. Patmer, E. G. W... 131. Parapicre, W. E. J. 132. PEerers, W. 133. RaFr, J. W. 134. Ramsay, E. -P. 135. Do. 136. (Ox 137. Beeaw, ©. T. 138, Do. 1887. 1888. 1897. 1885. 1889. 1889. 1889. 1890. 1893. so 3604. >» 1895. 1897. 1897. 1898. 1898, 1900. 1903. 1907. 1908. 1908. 1908. 1909. 1910. 1910. 1911. 1911. 1912. 1912. 1913. 1915. 1915. 1916. 1916. 1918. 1920. 1922. 1909. 1916. 1902. 1924. 1877. 1912. 1880. 1883. 1884. 1908. 1908. Proe. Proc. Proce. Proc. Proc. Proc. Proc. Rec. Zool. Linn. Linn. Linn. Austr. . Soc. Qld., im. » Boe. Qid., iv. o S06, (Qld. mai: Soc. N.S. Wales, x. Soc., 1889. Soc. N.S. Wales (2), Soc. N.S. Wales (2), Mus., i. il. Er i Vv. Ed. Fish. and Crust. N.S. Wales. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales (2), ix. Nat. Proce. Proc. Proc: Proe. Proc. Proc. Proe. Science, vi., 35. Roy. Linn Linn Roy. Roy. Roy. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, xxi. Soc. Tasm., 1896. . Soc. N.S. Wales, xxi. . Soc. N.S. Wales, xxiii. Soe. Qld., xxi. Soc. Qld., xviii. Soc. Qld., xx. Qld. Naturalist, 1., 3. Ann. Qld. Mus., No. 9. Proc. Roy. Soc. Qld., xxi. Report on a large Fish destructive to Oysters. New Fish, Qld. Coast. Proc. Proc. Ann. Mem Roy. Roy. Soc. Qld., xxiii. Soc. Qld., xxiii. Qld. Mus., No. 10. . Qld. Mus., i. Fish. Rept. Qld., 1910-11. Appendix. Mem. Qld. Mus., i. Commerc. Fish. & Fisher. Qld. An Essay. Mem. Qld. Mus., iii. Mem. Qld. Mus., v. Proc. Roy. Soc. Qld., xxviii. Mem. Qld. Mus., vi. Mem. Qld. Mus., vil. Mem. Qld. Mus., vii. Proc. Roy. Soc. N.S. Wales, xlii. Mem. Qld. Mus., v. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, xxvi. Med. Journ. Austr., ii., 25. Monatsber. Akad. Berlin, 1876. Zool. Res. Endeavour, part iii. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, v., 1. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, viii. Proc. Linn. Soc. N.S. Wales, vii. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), i. Proc. Zool. Soc., 1908. 181 182 139. Reean, C. T. 1909. 140. Do. 1914. 141. Do. 1917. 142. RicHarpson, J. 1843. Pee a, 1844, 144. Sauvacs, H. E. 1879. 145. Sreap, D. G. 1907. 146. STEINDACHNER, F. 1867. 147. Do. 1867. 148. Do. 1878. 149. Do. 1879. 150. Do. 1879. 151. Tosu, J. R. 1903. 152... De. 1903. 153... Dw Vie,-C: We: 1882. 154. Do. 1883. 155. Do. 1883. 156. Do. 1884. Lot. Do. 1884, 158. Do. 1885. 159. Do. 1885. 160. Do. 1886. 161. Do. 1887. 162. Do. 1888. 163. Do. 1892. 164. Do. 1911. 165. Warre, E. R. 1899. 166. Do. 1899. 167. Do. 1900. 168. Do. 1902. 169. Do. 1904, 170. WEBER, M. 1895. 171. Do. ae ee 1913. 172. WEBER, M. & BEeavurort, L. F. DE 1913. 173. Do. 1922. 174, Zeirz, A. 1909. MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), iv. Transl. Zool. Soc. 2 Se 3. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), xix. Icon. Pisces, v. Zool. Voy. Erebus and Terror, ii. Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris (7), iii. Add. Fish Fauna Sitzb. Akad. Wiss Sitzb. Akad. Wiss Sitzb. Akad. Wiss Sitzb. Akad. Wiss N.S. Wales, 1. . Wien, lv., 1. . Wien, lvi., 1. . Wien, Ixxvi., 1. Co Witten, cme: E. Denks. Akad. Wiss. Wien, xli., 1. Proc. Roy. Soc. Qld., xvii. Parlmt. Rept. Mar. Dept. Qld., 1902-3. Proc Proc. Proe Proce. Proc Proc Proc. Proc. Proc. Ann. Proc. Ann. Mem Rec. Rec. Rec. Rec. Zool. . Linn. Soe . Linn. Soe. Roy. Soc. . Linn. Soc. . Linn. Soc. Roy. Soc. Roy. Soc. Roy. Soe. Rept. Qld. Roy. Soc. Qld. Mus., Linn. Soc. . N.S. Wales, vii. N.S. Wales, vii. N.S. Wales, viii. Qid:, i. N.S. Wales, ix. N.S. Wales, ix. Qid., ii. Oid.;: ii. Qld., iii. Mus. Qld., viii. No. 10. . Austr. Mus., iv. Austr. Mus., ii. Austr. Mus., ii. Austr. Mus., iv. Austr. Mus., v. Forschr. Austr., v. Nova Guinea, ix., 4. Fish. Indo-Austr. Archip., 1. Fish. Indo-Austr. Archip., iv. Trans. Roy. Soc. 8. Austr., xxxiu. ANTHONY JAMES CUMMING, Government Printer, Brisbane. CONTENTS. Crocodilus yohnsont Krefit-——-Plates XXTTI-X XIV. - ~- Heber A. Longman -~ - ~ A Crocodilian Fossil from Lansdowne Station—Plates XXV.- XXVI., Fig 1- - - = = + = = =.Heber A. Longman - —-— - Fossil Marsupials from Marmor—-Plate XXVI., Fig. 2, - — Heber A. Longman — - ~ Ophidian Vertebrae from Cave Deposits at Marmor Quarry - Heber A. Longman - - - The Life History of Oliarus felis Kirk. (Homoptera). Plates XXVIT.-XAVITL -_ - = - _ - - - Henry Hacker — - = - The Present Distribution and Past History of our Australian Butterflies (Text-figures 1-5) ~ - - - - =-— A. Jefferis Turner _ - = New Fish Reeords for Queensland — _ = - - —- T. C. Marshall — = = = A List of the Fishes Recorded from Queensland Waters — —- A. R. McCulloch and G, P, Whitley PAGE, 95-102 103-108 109-110 111-112 113-114 115-122 123-124 125-182