Memoirs of the
Queensland Museum.
VOL. IX, PART IL.
Issued June 16th, 1928.
EDITED BY THE DIRECTOR, HEBER A. LONGMAN, F.L.S., C.M.Z.S.
i)
PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE CHIEF SECRETARY FOR
QUEENSLAND, THE HON. WM. McCORMACK.
MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM, Vou. IX, Parr II. 127
THE CULT GF WAIET IN THE MURRAY
ISLANDS, -TORRES STRAITS.
By Acs C.-HAppON, SOD. *F_ RS.
I HAVE given in vol. vi, pp. 277-280 of the ‘‘Reports of the Cambridge
Anthropological Expedition to Torres Straits,’?’ Cambridge, 1908, all the infor-
mation then available about Waiet of Waier, the smallest of the three Murray
Islands. Through the kindness of Mr. Heber A. Longman, Director of the
Queensland Museum, Brisbane, I have received a most interesting description of
the hitherto unrecorded cult of Waiet (accompanied by sketches of the effigy),
written expressly for me in response to a request by the Director by Mr.
A. O. C. Davies, formerly the schoolmaster on Mer and now in charge of a
State school at Kalbar, S. E. Queensland. Mr. Davies collected the very
fragmentary remains of Waiet and presented them to the Queensland Museum.
I have transcribed, with minor unimportant omissions and modifications,
the aeeount sent to me by Mr. Davies, and have clearly indicated my own remarks.
Waiet lived at Mabuiag with his wife Weiba and their only daughter
Gainau. Every day he went to the waterhole on the chance of meeting women
or girls who came to draw water. On meeting some he would probably select
one and have intercourse with her; if he was in a contrary mood he might order
his attendant zogo-le or tanu-leb to cut off the girl’s head.
One day, feeling indisposed, he did not go for his walk, but the zogo-le
and tami-leb went as usual. On the way they met Weiba and Gainau and, being
determined to emulate Waiet, seized and had intercourse with them and, moved
by jealousy, cut off their heads.
On hearing the news, Waiet decided to take his drum and leave Mabuiag, |
and, erying and beating his drum, went to Nagai. The island of Nagai was not
satisfactory, as his drum did not sound well, so he departed and came to Oidol.
His drum did not sound well here, so he went to Mer. Like Malu, he went
round the island and stopped at Kapeub on the other side, but as there was no
-suitable harbour it was ‘“‘no good sitting down.”’
,
128 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM.
Hearing that. Malu was in possession of Mer, he took a canoe and went.
across to Dauar. He landed at Giz, but the land was straight and did not
appeal to him, so he went to Ouzes, at the sandspit called Teg. This was ‘‘no
good,’’ so he went across to Wailer and, skirting the northern coast, came to
the harbour on the eastern side called Nay (this is pronounced slightly differently
from Nee, drinking water) [we write this word ni and the bay Ne]. At the
head of the harbour is a nice beach of sand and pulverised pumice-stone, behind
which a cliff rises to about 150 feet in height. This he climbed, and sitting down
on a ledge of rock began to beat his drum. The sound echoed from the
semicirele of cliffs, and pleased with the place he determined to settle there.
He again beat his drum, but more loudly than before, and began to sing.
Two women, Dumieb [these are the av kosker ‘*old women,’’ Reports, vi, p. 279,.
pl. v, fig. 2], down at the point, heard him and began to danee. Waiet then took
some yellow sprouting coconut palm leaves and put them round his head
| Reports, iv, p. 35] and beat his drum still louder and sang. The two women
approached him and he sat down on some coconuts (because of this the turtle-
shell effigy of Waiet was placed in a sitting posture on some coconuts). When
the women came up to him he had connection with them and said that he would
abide there as it suited him. He micturated from the top of the cliff, which
aceounts for the large lagoon and the abundanee of fish in it.
The eult of Waiet thus took its rise, it being the emblem of fertility of
mankind, the coconuts denoting abundanee of fruit and the lagoon of fish an
abundant supply of fish for food.
[The Nagai of Mr. Davies is Nagi, Oidol is probably Widul, but if so.
the order of Waiet’s journey has been inverted. I also was informed that the
arrival of Waiet at Mer was subsequent to that of Malu.
I obtained three versions of the story of Wailat, as he is called by the
Western Islanders. In the Tutu version (Reports, v, p. 48) Naga and Waiat
(who acted as ‘‘crew’’ for Naga) went from the Katau River (Binaturi)
(148 deg. E. long.) to Yaru (Daru) where they performed a death-danee,
markai, and taught it to two Tutu visitors. Naga went to Augar [Uga] and
showed the people there how to ‘‘make markaz,’’ and later settled at Tutu. In
the Nagir tale (v, p. 49), Naga was a resident at Nagir who instructed. the men
how to make masks in the form of animals, wrut krar, and taught them the
sones and dances and everything relating to the kwod, and how to ‘‘make
taiat,’’ or funeral ceremonies. Wailat of Mabuiag came to Nagir to learn how
to beat the drum, and Naga taught him. Then Waiat stole a famous mask. The
Mabuiag story (v, p. 49) is much longer: There was a woman named Kuda who
had two boys; they, Waiat (or Naga or Izalu) and some other people, lived on
Widul, a small island off Mabuiag (I have an additional note that Kuda taught
everybody how to make an earth-oven, amar). Kuda dressed her boys up and
taught them to dance. Waiat used to play by himself, hauling up and letting
down a goa rattle (v, p. 50). [This performance resembles an incident in the
THE CULT OF WAIET—HADDON., 129
uruba ceremony of Kiwai deseribed by Riley (1925, p. 236). The uruba is a
kind of memorial service for the dead and a farewell to the spirits of the dead
who were returning to their home in the west.] Once Waiat went to the Fly
River and thence to Mer. Waiat persuaded the woman to put the boys under:
his care that he might instruct them in dancing. He heard a drum sounding,
and in order to find out about it went first to Badu; he was sent on to Moa and
thence to Nagir. Arriving at Nagir he went to the kwod and saw some
theriomorphie dance masks; he went behind the waus (v, pl. xix, fig. 2) and
saw a debu (king-fish) mask. He then went to the village and persuaded the
men to show him everything, and he commandeered the debu mask and took it
to Gumu on Mabuiag. One evening Waiat sent the women to get some water,
but Goinau his wife, and their daughter Wiba, refused to go. Waiat had
previously sent some men to fetch the mask from Gumu to Widul, and evidently
Goinau and Wiba saw what the men were doing. The women came back with the
water, and Goinau and Wiba then went to get water. Waiat said to all the
men, ‘‘If any man meets any woman in the bush he must kill her, for by-and-by
the women will talk in the house about what we have been doing.’’ The men
went along the road that the two women had taken and met them. The men.
said Waiat had told them to kill anyone they met and they would have to kill
them, so they cut off their heads. On their return Waiat was informed of what
had happened, and then felt very differently about the matter. In the middle
of the night he killed his ‘‘mate,’’ Manari, and the two brothers. Next morning
before sunrise, as her sons were not dancing as was their wont, Kuda came to
Waiat’s house and asked the men to wake up her sons, but they found them dead
under their mats. Kuda upbraided Waiat, who swore at her. Then her folk
came; some hauled Waiat this way and some hauled him that way, and they
broke his hmbs, and eut off his arms at the elbows and his legs at the knees; and
Waiat eried, ‘‘Please leave me alone; I am a big place, I am like the sun and
the moon. Every place knows me. Leave me alone. U, u, u, u.’’ They gouged
out his eyes, cut off his ears, plucked out his whiskers, tore out his lower jaw,
and he moaned ‘‘U, u, u, u,’’ till he died. They took off all his black skin and
rolled him about like a cask till the raw meat alone was left and he looked like
a white man. It is not at present possible to co-ordinate all these various stories. |
Pasi told Mr. Davies that he was the only white man who had seen
Waiet; his seeing the remains and collecting them caused considerable consterna-
tion, and for three nights he was apprehensive of his own safety, Barsa coming
along at daylight to see if he were still alive.
The effigy of Waiet was in a recess of a ledge of the cliff of Waier about
150 feet above sea-level. Below this was another ledge with a number of recesses
containing numerous clam-shells, which had been used for cooking purposes,
and the marks of fires were still visible in several of the recesses. There were:
130 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM.
also some small clam-shells painted with red earth, and a number of the shells
which are used by the natives for scraping coconuts; these were also painted red
and were held in the mouth during the ceremony.
As no. ceremonies had taken place since the coming of the missionaries,
the effigy had fallen into disrepair, owing to the decay of the coconut-string
fastenings. .
The effigy represented the head and trunk of a man, and was about 4 feet
high. It had no legs and squatted on a heap of coconuts, and was made of pieces
of turtle-shell neatly sewn together with coconut line. A wangar stake passed
through the effigy and held it upright, and another stick at right angles to it
supported the outstretched arms. The face was made from a large piece of
turtle-shell with a border of finely carved chevrons.. There was a dari of tern
feathers which had been dipped in a mixture of blood and red earth. The mass
of hair contained remains of organic tissue. Around the forehead was a string
of rib-bones painted with blood and red earth. Pasi said that they were those
of a white boy, but he would not say why he was killed. Around the neck hung
a string of human rib-bones, also painted red, and above this a crescentric pearl-
shell, maz. Around the waist was a string of arm and leg bones, and below this a
groin-shell ebnoa [eb eneop or ebeneaup|. A string of white cowry shells (the
large sacred ones) [bubuam, Amphiperas ovum| was suspended from each
shoulder and hung down in front to the waist; while down the back hung two
strings of small white cowry shells painted red and joined together in the middle
by a jawbone, apparently that of a young person; this was the only jawbone
attached to the effigy, and in this it differed totally from the Malu mask. Both
arms were extended level with the shoulders, with the palms upwards. On the
left forearm was a carved turtle-shell bracer or arm-guard, kadik, and under the
left upper arm was hung a gabagaba (stone-headed elub) with a triangular stone
head, but the handle had rotted. Under the right arm was a basket, which
also had rotted. In front of the effigy were several clam-shells.
[Mr. J. Bruce, formerly living in Mer, had a model made of Waiet which
he presented to the Cambridge Museum. It is described and figured in the
Reports (vi, p. 277, pl. xxii, fig. 6), but it bears no resemblance to Mr. Davies’
deseription and sketch, so it must be regarded as worthless. Mr. Bruce said
that round the brow of the original was a headband to which were fastened the
ribs of men and women, eud lera bir lid, ‘‘dead men’s ribs.’’ In the model there
is a necklet of three wooden pendants in front and one behind; these represent
the pieces of bamboo and bones of dead people of the original; these rattled
with a peculiar noise wherever he went. Mr. Bruce also presented to the
Museum a model of the sal or sale (railings of the platform of a eanoe) which
formed the shrine of Waiet (1.¢. pl. xxi, fig. 1).]
The Waiet ceremonial took place annually and lasted for: eight days.
No women or children were allowed to be present, and any woman who was
caught trying to look at Waiet was immediately killed, or, if the ceremony. was
to take place in the near future, she would be kept to form one of the sacrifices.
THE CULT OF WAIET—HADDON. 131
At the time of the ceremonial all the families concerned went over to
Dauar, where they camped. The men then formed a procession, and with the
novices, captives, and a supply of food crossed over. to Waier; the evening was
spent in making preparations. The three zogo-le and the three tami-leb had
come over previously, and, while the tam-leb cleared away any vegetable growth
about the two ledges and gathered fresh coconuts for Waiet to sit down on,
the zogo-le repaired any part of Waiet that needed attention. The tami-leb were
also responsible for cleaning the clam-shells, bringing coconut oil and turtle
grease for the anointing of Waiet, and preparing the vine rope used for hauling
the captives up the cliff. .
The next. day the zogo-le took Waiet out of his recess and set him on
the coconuts. Two zogo-le took up their position on either side of Waiet, and
the tanu-leb sat on the ledge below, and at the command of the chief zogo-le
began to beat their drums, then the chief zogo-le danced. Everyone held in his
mouth a red-painted shell, and instead of singing said, ‘‘Ha-ha, Ha-ha.’’ The
men below formed a grand procession; all who held office of any description
came first with the regalia, then followed the novices, next the captives, and
the last year’s initiates formed the rear.
When the procession was over, the captives were placed under a guard.
Then followed the presentation of peace offerings, and next the novices were
brought forward to the foot of the cliff and were duly initiated. (Pasi would
not tell Mr. Davies what took place, but.denied that circumeision was a part
of the ritual.) The young men were next taught the appropriate dances and
songs.
The new initiates were taken to the place where the fire was to be made,
then brought back, and hot coals from the sacred fire burning in front of Waiet —
were lowered down the cliff in a clam-shell by a vine. Each initiate was given
some of the sacred fire, which he placed in a coconut shell, and then they were
marched back to the cooking place, where they solemnly lighted the big fire to be
used for cooking. It was their duty to see that this fire was kept ready for use,
and also to get a supply of fuel. The captives were then divided into five -
groups, one for each day. They included prisoners exchanged for others from
Erub or from New Guinea so as to avoid eating more relatives than they could
help, men who had done wrong, and women who had been caught trying to look
at Waiet.
The chief zogo-le ordered a tattoo of the drums, and then cried out,
‘‘Prepare the sacrifice!’’ The day’s quota of captives was brought to the foot
of the cliff and the zogo-le ordered that he (or they) should be cleansed. aie SIR > Sa oe 3
With the exception of the first, all the spines are of the same form—at the
articular end fairly expanded into lateral condyles and tapering to a fine point
at the distal end. Between the condyles the bone is perforated for the purpose
of articulating with a ring on the interneurals. Along the lateral aspects of the
spines are shallow grooves continuing almost to the tip. The first spine has
greatly extended condyles which end laterally in a rather sharp point. (Fig. I,
KE, Ist spine; F, 2nd spine.)
SYNANCEJA HORRIDA VENOM.—DUHIG. 139
The spines articulate with the interneurals by a semicircle of bone on the
dorsal aspect of the interneural passing through the perforation of the spine
between the condyles. (Fig. I, A, lateral aspect; B, cranial aspect; D, dorsal
aspect. ) | ) | | :
The first and second interneurals are fused, all others are separate. Each
interneural is roughly rectangular or rhomboidal in shape, and along the lateral
aspect of each is a median ridge. (Fig. I, C and A.)
Litta DB. Garton.
Text-figure 1.—I1st and 2nd dorsal spines of Synanceja horrida and their artieulation with
interneurals,
Along the interneurals laterally run two muscles, one cranial and one
caudal, to the median lateral ridge. The lateral muscle cranial to the ridge arises
on the ventral and cranial aspect of the condyle of the spine, while that caudal
to the median ridge arises from the dorsal and caudal aspect of the lateral
condyle. Both muscles are inserted into the edges of the interneural and the
median ridge.
approximation of Beudanticeras ingente to Desmoceras on the one hand and to
Puzosia longmani on the other.
This raises the question whether the Australian desmoceratids as a group
may not represent an offshoot from Desmoceras distinct from the European
lineage.
Genus DESMOCERAS Zittel (emend Grossouvre).
DESMOCERAS (?) SP.
(Plate XXVI, figures 1 a, 6.)
The present figured specimen may represent an unusually compressed
species of Desmoceras. It is, however, possible that this form may be merely
the young stage of Beudanticeras ingente which, as mentioned below, closely
approaches Desmoceras in inflation and shell type. Until the earlier stages of
that species are known with certainty it is inadvisable to attach any definite
specific name to this form.
Locality —Hughenden (M.M. Coll.).
* The earlier papers in this series have appeared in the Memoirs of the Queensland
Musuem, vol. viii, pt. 3 (1926) and vol. ix, pt. 1 (1927).
CRETACEOUS AMMONITE FAUNA, E. AUSTRALIA—_WHITEHOUSE. 201
Genus PUZOSIA Bayle.
PUZOSIA LONGMANI Whitehouse.
1926 Puzosia longmant Whitehouse (13), p. 218, pl. 37, fig. 5; pl. 39, fig. 1.
No further specimens of this form have been found.
Genus BEUDANTICERAS Hitzel.
The Eastern Australian species included in this genus form an interesting
suite. B. mitchelli and B. flindersi are normal forms within the genus. The
other two species (B. sutherlandi and B. ingente) while apparently related to
B. mitchelli are rather unusual, 6. sutherland: being remarkably involute and
B. ingente unusually inflated.
BEUDANTICERAS MITCHELLI (Etheridge).
(Plate XXV, figure 2.)
1872 Ammonites beudanti var. mitchelli Etheridge (1) p. 345, pl. 23, fig. 1.
Remarks.—In a previous paper (13, p. 219) the writer followed
R. Etheridge Jr. in regarding Ammonites beudanti var. mitchelli Etheridge as
a synonym of Ammonites flindersi McCoy. At that time McCoy’s type specimen
had not been figured and the holotype of neither specimen had been examined
by the writer. Since then both specimens have been seen, and it now appears
that they represent two distinct. species. It is necessary, therefore, to retain
Etheridge’s specific name.
B. mitchelli differs from B. flinderst in the sides being less convergent
and the umbilicus more gradate, while the septal suture of the species has
more wide-stemmed saddles than those of B. flindersi. Among foreign species
it appears to be most like B. spherotum (Seeley) (see 12, p. 53, pl. 3, fig. 1),
though it is rather less involute.. B. spherotum also has periodic swellings,
hardly to be called costz, similar to those which occur on B. mitchelli.
The original of Plate 23, fig. 1 in Etheridge’s paper (1) is now chosen as
lectotype. The other figured specimen has not been traced.
Dimensions.—Lectotype: 128. 49. 27. 27.
Locality Hughenden. (Q.M. Coll., lectotype).
BEUDANTICERAS FLINDERSI (McCoy).
(Plate XXV, figure 3.)
1865 Ammonites flinderst McCoy (8), p. 51.
1865 Ammonites flindersi McCoy (9), p. 334.
1867 Ammonites flindersi McCoy (10), p. 196.
1868 Ammonites flindersi McCoy (11), p. 42. ,
1892 Haploceras flindersi Etheridge Jr. (6), p. 494, pl. 30, figs. 1-3.
1902 Haploceras flindersi Etheridge Jr. (4), p. 31.
1926 Beudanticeras flindersi Whitehouse (13), p. 219.
202 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM.
Opportunity is taken now to figure McCoy’s holotype, of which hitherto
no figure has been published.
With the exception of specimens originally described by Etheridge as
Ammonites beudanti var. mitchelli, all the figured specimens from Eastern
Australia described as Ammonites (or Haploceras) flinderst belong to this species.
It is distinguished from the closely related B. mitchelli by the more convergent
sides and by the saddles of the septal suture having narrower stems. Its
relations have been fully discussed in an earlier paper in this series.
The South Australian fragment referred by Etheridge to Haploceras.
daintreet (3, p. 44, pl. 7, fig. 1) may be a portion of the body chamber
belonging to this species, but the specimen is too indefinite for determination.
It does not belong to Parahoplitoides, as the writer had considered in an
earlier paper (13, p. 206). :
Dimensions :—Holotype: 150. 46. 25(+). 26.
88. 48. 27. 28.
BEUDANTICERAS SUTHERLANDI (Etheridge).
(Plate XXV, figure 4.)
1872 Ammonites sutherlandi Etheridge (1), p. 345, pl. 21, fig. 4,
1892 Ammonites (Haploceras) sutherlandi Etheridge Jr. (6), p. 496, pl. 29, fig. 4.
1926 Beudanticeras (?) sutherlandi Whitehouse (13), p. 222. -
This species, of which the holotype is now refigured, is an abnormal
form of Beudanticeras in being so involute. It is, however, of the same group
as B. mitchelli.
This form appears to be rare in the Tambo Series. The holotype is. the
only large specimen which definitely can be.referred to this species, although
several small forms in various collections examined by the writer may represent
B. sutherlandi.
Dimensions.—Holotype: 70. 53. 23. 21.
Locality —Marathon (Q.M. Coll., holotype).
BEUDANTICERAS INGENTE sp. nov.
(Plate XXYV, figure 1.)
Description Coiling oligogyral, subangustumbilicate. Whorls moderately
inflated, sides slightly convergent, venter arched. Gradumbilicate. Test smooth,
with periodic constrictions. Septal suture complex with deeply incised saddles
and lobes, the first lateral lobe being rather unsymmetrically trifid.
Remarks.—The species is remarkable for its inflation, the nearest form in
that respect being, apparently, the Indian B. stoliczkai (Kossmat) (7, p. 119,
pl. 18, fig. 6), which is similar also in lateral view. B. ingente, in proportions,
CRETACEOUS AMMONITE FAUNA, FE. AUSTRALIA—W HITEHOUSE. 2038
is approaching the type of shell shown by the more involute species of Puzosia
such as P. communis Spath (12, p. 47, pl. 2, fig. 3). This suggests that Puzosia
longmani, occurring also in the Tambo Series of paencuee possibly may be a
form related to the present species. .
The shell has not quite the extreme inflation of Desmoceras. The species
is thus, morphologically, somewhere on the border line between the genera
Desmoceras, Puzosia, and Beudanticeras. From its general resemblance to
B. mitchelli it is here regarded as belonging most appropriately to Beudanticeras,
representing a species of that genus with a homeomorphic resemblance to forms
in the two other genera mentioned.
Dimensions.—Holotype: 133. 49. 32. 23.
Locality Beaconsfield (G.S8.Q. Coll.).
Genus BOLITECERAS nov.}
Genotype : Ammonites daintreet Etheridge.
Definition.—Involute, sub-discoidal shells with peripheral costz and faint
periodic constrictions. - Septal suture with rather wide-stemmed saddles and
regularly trifid first lateral lobe.
Remarks.—The genus is proposed for the group of Ammonites daintreei
which, on a previous occasion (p. 221), the writer had included provisionally in
Beudanticeras, although stating that probably it was distinct from that genus.
The recognition that Ammonites daintreet is not an isolated species with these
features now emphasises the need for the group to receive separate generic
recognition.
Boliteceras, as mentioned before (13, p. 221), is very similar to the
Aptian Uhligella and, like it, develops puzosid ornament. The young stage
(at least up to a diameter of 25 mm.), as shown on the holotype of B. daintreei,
is more inflated than in the adult stage, has only striz developed on the test,
and has a rather sub-circular whorl section. This suggests that Boliteceras
may have developed more or less directly from Desmoceras.
The genus is distinguished from Beudanticeras mainly by the ornament of
the test.
Age.—Upper Albian.
BOLITECERAS DAINTREE! (Etheridge).
(Plate XXVI, figure 2.)
1872 Ammonites daintreei Etheridge (1), p. 346, pl. 24 (in part).
1892 Haploceras daintreei Etheridge Jr. (6), p. 495, pl. 29, figs. 1-3 (in part).
1901 Haploceras daintreei Etheridge Jr. (2), p. 30, pl. 1, fig. 3.
1902 Haploceras daintreei Etheridge Jr. (4), p. 49, pl. 7, fig. 1.
1926 Beudanticeras (?) daintreet, Whitehouse (13), p. 221.
1BwAiTys, a mushroom.
204 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM.
The re-examination by the writer of the material originally described by
Etheridge senior has brought to light a peculiar problem in regard to the
holotype of this species. Three specimens were figured by Etheridge—a small
specimen and two large forms—but no specimen was selected as the holotype.
One of the large forms was figured accurately in apertural view; but the
accompanying figure (1, pl. 24, top figure) in lateral view appears to have been
drawn partly from the preceding specimen and partly from a more inflated
form now separated as the holotype of B. perlatum. Since the form figured in
apertural view (1, pl. 24, left lower figure) agrees with the interpretation of
Ammonites daintreer by all later writers, that specimen (which is now refigured)
is here selected as the lectotype.
Nothing further need be added to the remarks on a previous occasion.
(13, p. 221) about the specific features of B. daintreet.
The dimensions of the lectotype are :—
Ge eee) ee ae
oT 46. 80. 32.
BOLITECERAS PERLATUM sp. nov.
(Plate XXVI, figure 3.)
1872 Ammonites daintreei Etheridge (1), p. 346, pl. 24 (in part).
1892 Haploceras daintreet Etheridge (6), p. 495, pl. 29, figs. 1-3 (in part)..
Description.—Coiling oligogyral, subangustumbilicate. Whorls inflated with
slightly convergent sides and broadly arched venter. Gradumbilicate. Test
with peripheral costae and a few intermittent constrictions. Septal suture
similar to B. daintreet.
Remarks.—This species may be distinguished from B. daintreet by its less
convergent sides and its more broadly arched venter.
One of the specimens which apparently was used by Etheridge in drawing
his composite figure of Ammonites daintreet is selected and figured as_ the
holotype of this species. Probably the smallest form figured by Etheridge
(1, pl. 24, fig. 2) also represents this species, but the specimen’ seems to have
been mislaid. :
Dimensions.—Holotype : 130. 45. 32. 30.
Locality—Hughenden (Q.M. Coll—Holotype and other specimens).
Genus COPHINOCERAS nov.?
Genotype : Cophinoceras ogilviet sp. nov..
Definition.—Involute inflated shells with ovate whorl section, arched
venter and narrow umbilicus. Test ornamented with about eight rectiradiate
cost between which are minor coste.
* kopivos, a basket.
CRETACEOUS AMMONITE FAUNA, E. AUSTRALIA—WHITEHOUSE. 205
Remarks—The genus bears considerable resemblance to such later
desmoceratids as Austeniceras and Parapuzosia. The costz are very like those
of the group of Beudanticeras which includes B. dupinianum (d’Orb.), B. parandieri
(d’Orb.), and B. subparandieri Spath, from which group it has probably developed.
Indeed it might be thought advisable to include those three species in Cophinoceras ;
but, from the degree of inflation and the rather more curved cost, they are
here regarded as being more appropriately left in Beudanticeras.
Only the one species yet is known.
Age.—Upper Albian.
COPHINOCERAS OGILVIEI sp. nov.
(Plate XXVI, figures 4 a, b.)
Description —Coiling oligogyral, angustumbilicate. Inflated; sides con-
vergent, venter arched, whorl-section ovate. Test thick,- with about eight
rectiradiate costz, each pair of such major coste being separated by eight to
twelve minor coste. Septal suture very imperfectly known.
Remarks.—Two specimens are known, the larger of which is taken as
the holotype. The prominent straight ribs, divided into a few major coste
separated. by minor coste, render it distinct from any other desmoceratid
described from Eastern Australia.
Dimensions.—Holotype: 183. 53. 338. 15.
OM Cello 9s. 66.537. 46 1F2).
Locality and Horizon—Bynoe River, North Queensland (Q.M. Coll.,
holotype). Mouth of Bynoe River (Q.M. Coll.). The specimens are associated.
with other Tambo Series (Upper Albian) species. But since they were found
both in the extreme north of the Cretaceous outcrop of the Artesian basin and
nearer its presumed Cretaceous connection with the open sea, it may be that
this species represents an horizon rather higher then any met with in the main
area of the basin. However, in the large collection of specimens examined by
the writer from the Point Charles bed (substudert zone), which represents an
Albian horizon slightly later than the Tambo Series, no specimen of a
Cophinoceras has been seen.
3 The species is named im honour of Mr. C. Ogilvie, B.E., in recognition of his
important work in the Cretaceous areas of Western Queensland.
b
SLiidaiei ia aiaieel
JOR TARE TUR TAER RAE =f cae
Se
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206 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM
REFERENCES.
1. Etheridge, R., 1872. Description of Palsxozoic and Mesozoic Fossils of Queensland
(Q.J.G.8., vol. xxviii). - i.
2. Etheridge, R. Jr., 1901. Additional Notes on the Paleontology of Queensland, pt. 2,
(Geol. Surv. Q’land, Bull. No. 13). a
3. Etheridge, R. Jr., 1902. The Cretaceous Mollusca of South Australia (Mem. Roy. Soc,
South Aust, vol. 1, pt. 1).
4. Etheridge, R. Jr., 1902, A Monograph of the Cretaceous Invertebrate Fauna of New
South Wales (Mem. Geol. Surv. N. 8. Wales, Pal. No. 11).
5. Etheridge, R. Jr., 1905. Cretaceous Fossils from Dalhousie Springs (Parl. Paper South
Aust., No. 71).
6. Jack and Etheridge, 1892. The Geology and Paleontology of Queensland and New
Guinea (Brisbane and London).
7. Kossmat, F., 1897. Untersuchungen iiber die siidindische Kreide-formation (Beit. z. Pal.
u Geol. Ost-Ung. u. d. Orients Bd. xi).
8. McCoy, F., 1865. On the Discovery of Cretaceous Fossils in Australia (Trans. Roy.
Soe. Victoria, vol. vii).
9. : McCoy, F., 1865. . Notes on the Cretaceous Deposits of Australia (Ann. Mag. Nat.
Hist. ser. 3, vol. xvi).
10. McCoy, F., 1867. On the Discovery of Ichthyosaurus and Plesiosaurus in Australia.
(Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 3, vol. xix).
1l. McCoy, F., 1868. On the Discovery of Hnaliosaurus and other Cretaceous Fossils in
Australia (Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, vol. viii).
12, Spath, L. F., 1923. A Monograph of the Ammonoidea of the Gault (Pal. Soe. London).
is? - Whitehouse, ES Wi 1926. - The Cretaceous Ammonoidea of Eastern Australia (Mem.
Q’land Mus., vol. viii).
EXPLANATION OF PLATES.
Plate XXYV.
Fig. 1.—Beudanticeras ingente sp. nov. Holotype (x 0-5). From Beaconsfield (G.8.Q. Coll.).
Fig. 2.—Beudanticeras mitchelli (Etheridge). Lectotype (x 0-5). From Marathon (Q.M. Coll.).
Fig. 3.—Beudanticeras flindersi (McCoy). Holotype (x 0-5). From Base of Walker's Tableland,
near Hughenden (N.M. Coll.).
Fig. 4.—Beudanticeras sutherlandi (Etheridge). Holotype (nat. size), From Marathon (Q.M.
Coll.).
Plate XXVI.
Fig. 1 (a), (b)—Desmoceras (?) sp. (nat. size). Specimen from Hughenden. (MM.. Coll.).
Fig. 2.—Boliteceras daintreei (Etheridge). Holotype (x 0-5). From Hughenden (Q.M. Coll.).
Fig. 3.—Boliteceras perlatum sp. nov. Holotype (x 0:5), From Hughenden (Q.M Coll.).
Fig. 4.—Cophinoceras ogilviei gen. et sp. nov. Holotype (x 0-5). From Bynoe River (Q.M.
Coll.).
A. J. CUMMING, Government Printer, Brisbane.
MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM, Vou. IX, PLaTE XXV.
A, N. Falk: Photo. Face page 206.
MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM, Vou. TX, PLATE XXVI,
Face page 206.
A, N. Falk: Photo.
CONTENTS.
The Cult of Waiet in the Murray Islands, Torres Straits ~
The Venom Apparatus of the Stone Fish (Synanceja horrida) —
(Text-figures I-8)
Notes on the Dingo, The Indian Wild Dog, and Papuan Dog —
A Large Jaw of Pallimnarchus pollens—Plate XVIII - -
Discovery of Juvenile Lung-fishes, with Notes on Hpiceratodus—
Plate XIX
New Species and Records of Australian Tingitoidea (Hemiptera)
—Plates XX-XXITI
Ichthyological Notes, ‘No. 3—Plate XXIV — - - —
Birds and Drought in Central-Western Queensland ~ -
The Flock Pigeon: Histriophaps histrionica - - - =
Additions to the Cretaceous Ammonite Fauna of Eastern
Australia. Part 2: (Desmoceratide)—Plates XXV-—
XXXVI, and Text-figures
A. C. Haddon, 8c.D., F.R.S. - -
J. V. Duhig, M.B., and Gwen Jones —
Heber A. Longman, F.L.S., C.M.Z.S.
Heber A. Longman, F.L.S., C.M.Z.5. -
Heber A. Longman, F.L.§., C.M.Z.8.
Henry Hacker, F.E.8. - rs i
T. C. Marshall = - - ~
F. L. Berney - - af
F. L. Berney _ = = =
F. W. Whitehouse, Ph.D., M.B8c.,
F.G.S. J
PAGE.
127-135
136-150
151-157
158-159
160-173
174-188
189-193
194-195
196-199
200-206